Mar 16, 2014
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RSS By: Farm Journal Agronomists, Farm Journal
How Can I Estimate Corn Yield Potential?
Jul 12, 2011
Question: I have seen some information you had that shows how to estimate corn yield potential. Can you provide that again?
Answer: Here's the basic formula, and I'm also including a chart that shows how to estimate corn yield potential under various row spacings.
If you're in 30-inch rows, use a tape measure to mark off 17 feet 5 inches in a row of corn.
average ears x average rows around x average kernels long = Yield
I've inserted some actual ear, row and kernel numbers in the formula here to give you an example:
32 x 16 x 35 = 199 bu/acre
I would encourage you to implement this practice in four or five different locations within each field, and then average the numbers, to arrive at a fairly accurate result.
Keep in mind the formula does not take into consideration kernel depths. Based on weather conditions during kernel fill you may increase or decrease your yield by 5 to 10 percent.
As you evaluate plant stand numbers and ear counts, consider that you can benefit from getting those two numbers to more closely align with each other.
While the number difference between plant stands and ear counts cannot be eliminated, it can be minimized. In a corn-soybean rotation, the difference between the two would ideally be no more than 1,200. In corn-on-corn, with heavy residue conditions, the ideal difference between the two would be 2,000 or less.
Table 1. Length of row to equal 1/1000th of
an acre for various row widths
Row spacing
Row Length
13 feet 1 inch
13 feet 6 inches
17 feet 5 inches
23 feet 9 inches
34 feet 10 inches
*Information provided courtesy of University of Minnesota Extension Service.
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How to Make Child-Size Crop Circles Directions
Aliens with flashlights
Crop "circles" are generally intricate and complex geometric patterns that seem to mysteriously appear overnight primarily in English farm fields.
Most crop circle are sizable patterns formed by flattening sections of a field of wheat, maize, barley, or rye.
Farmers generally do not appreciate aliens invading their fields and ruining their crops, so we recommend creating crop circle in safer environments such as in your yard, driveway, on the beach or school playground.
If you are fortunate enough to have tall grass or a cooperative farmer to create your child-size cropcircle, great.
Make Child-Sized Mysterious "Alien" Crop Circles
Aliens with flat wooden planks
- Alien Masks (for a disguise)
- large, flat surfaces (fields of wheat)
- wooden or metal stakes
- planks of wood
- knotted ropes
- moonlight (or a few of really good flashlights).
You can make child-sized crop circle easily.
Ingredients for creating child size crop circles are pretty simple. All you need are a few good aliens and these simple tools listed here:
Aliens with knotted ropes
Instead of intruding upon or destroying valuable wheat fields, and gathering heavy planks of wood and rope, you can substitute these:
- Chalk, white and/or colored
- Asphalt or concrete playground surface
- Freshly fallen snow or sandy beach
- A lawn in need of a good mowing
- A skein of string or yarn
- Shoeboxes (instead of planks) snowshoes or heavy cardboard fitted to the child's feet
- Broad daylight
- Tent stakes or strong dowels
Pound the tent stake (or dowel) into the ground, tie the string or yarn to the stake.
Have the child or children walk in circle with the plank of wood in front of them.
Press the grass or vegetation (or snow, sand) down with the plank of wood as they walk.
Soon they will have a perfectly round circle to experiment with further.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Vue - create & deploy the project on MDB GO
How to deploy & host Vue app - tutorial & free hosting
This guide will take you step by step on how to create your project and deploy using MDB CLI.
Initialize and publish MDB project
Initialize
In order to initialize project and use predefined starter use the following command:

 $ mdb init

You will list of available starters to choose from.
Publish
Once you finish building your project, use the following command do deploy it:

 $ mdb frontend publish

Note: Since frontend is a default value for publish command, you can run just mdb publish (instead of mdb frontend publish )
If you are publishing for the first time, CLI will ask you few initial questions like
 - Whether you want to use npm or yarn?
 - What is your project name, version, description, github address and license
Once you successfully publish your project they will be stored for a future.
Video tutorial:


- Whiz Quiz
 Here are some interesting facts about our DMS Whiz Quiz teams:
 Whiz Quiz is a Middle School academic competition team. DMS has both a 6th and 7th/8th grade team. Tryouts are held at the beginning of the school year. Practice is twice a week during student's lunch period and games are one evening a week. Game days differ depending on the team. Whiz quiz begins at the end of September and ends before the holiday break in December. Finals are sometime in January. Each team has a teacher sponsor that meets with them to prepare and organize their team.
 Five students from each school compete at one time. Questions asked during competitions span knowledge in science, social studies, grammar, pop culture, geography, literature, and math. Students receive points for answering these questions correctly. If you like Jeopardy, you will love Whiz Quizthey even have buzzers!


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What, if anything, are the implications of the happiness economics literature on competition policy? This Article first examines whether competition policy should promote (or at least not impede) citizens' opportunities to increase well–being. It next surveys the happiness literature on five key issues: (i) What constitutes well–being; (ii) How do you measure well–being; (iii) What increases well–being; (iv) Do people want to be happy; and (v) Can and should the government promote total well–being? Although the happiness literature does not provide an analytical framework for analyzing routine antitrust issues, this does not mean that competition officials should discount or ignore the literature altogether. The findings of the happiness literature, as this Article argues, offer some helpful insights on the current debate over antitrust's goals. The literature suggests that competition policy in a post–industrial wealthy country would get more bang (in terms of increased well–being) in promoting economic, social, and democratic values, rather than simply promoting a narrowly defined consumer welfare objective.
Maurice E. Stucke,
Should Competition Policy Promote Happiness?,
81 Fordham L. Rev. 2575
Available at: _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


5 Asteroids Named After Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People
5 Asteroids Named After Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People
Image: NASA / JPL-Caltech
This year's Mabo Day, June 3, was a special day for Indigenous astronomy. That was when the International Astronomical Union officially accepted five new asteroid names that honour a selection of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, elders and academics whose work has been particularly influential.
The move follows similar commemorations in 2019, the International Year of Indigenous Languages, when a plethora of stars, exoplanets, planetary features and asteroids were given Indigenous names. They included six stars that received names from the Wardaman (NT), Booring (Vic) and Kamilaroi/Euahlayi (NSW) communities, as well as a star and planet named Bubup ("child") and Yanyan ("boy") – names derived from the Boon Wurrung language of Melbourne.
IAU Name ExoWorlds: Australia.
Asteroids (sometimes also called minor planets are large rocks in the Solar system, ranging from 10 metres to more than 100 kilometres in diameter. Most are found in a region called the asteroid belt, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, and are only visible with a powerful telescope.
Here are the five asteroids that have been newly named in recognition of influential Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.
7546 Meriam
Formally known as 1979 MB4, this is a 2km-wide asteroid of the Flora family in the asteroid belt's inner region. It is 2.3 times farther from the Sun than Earth is, and takes 3.5 years to complete one orbit.
Maier Dance
Meriam dancers performing the Maier (Shooting Star) Dance for the Werner Herzog film Fireball.
Duane Hamacher
The Meriam are an Indigenous Australian group of people in the islands of the eastern Torres Strait, who are united by a common culture and language: Meriam Mir, Australia's only Papuan language.
Meriam people developed and maintain complex systems of astronomical knowledge centred around Tagai, a great warrior who is central to their Creation and identity. Meriam star knowledge has featured in academic papers, educational curricula, planetarium displays, a forthcoming commemorative coin, and the upcoming Werner Herzog film Fireball.
7733 Segarpassi
Formally known as 1979 MH4, this is a 1.9km-wide asteroid in the main asteroid belt. It is 2.4 times farther from the Sun than Earth is, and its orbit takes 3.7 years.
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European rivalry in the caribbean essay
What were the main reason for the rivalry among europeans nations in the caribbean in the eighteenth european rivalry in the caribbean source(s): . The period of colonization in latin america and the caribbean provided many different dynamics that not only impacted the area at that time, but also still impact the region today the aspect of colonization that i will be discussing throughout this essay is the columbian exchange. Three european powers planted three primitive outposts in three distant corners of the continent within three years of one another much of the spanish caribbean . The contemporary caribbean joyce toney – hunter college the modern history of the americas actually begins with the modern history of the caribbean. Reading guide: 1 gutiérrez, map of the western hemisphere, 1562, detail what role do other european countries play in the rivalry compare the european .
The spanish monopoly in the americas was established the moment that christopher columbus made landfall in bahamas, this was way back on his first voyage in 1492. What two european nations were involved in a naval rivalry before world war 1 this is aaron your doind this for your world history exam review packet, aren't you share to:. Imperial rivalries made the caribbean a contested area during european wars for centuries spanish conquest edit the piazza (or main square) in central havana, cuba, in 1762, during the seven years' war.
The impact of indentured labourers on caribbean society history essay and do not necessarily reflect the views of uk essays into the caribbean from europe . This question asked for an outline of three factors that contributed to european rivalry in the americas up to 1763 the responses were informed and focused on issues such as areas of settlement,. Uwi - foun1101 - caribbean civilization - topic 1 long persist in the history of the colonial caribbean as imperial rivalries between the two states grew .
european rivalry in the caribbean in the eighteenth century relative positions of the european powers in the caribbean on the eighteenth century spain,france . Tempcolon essay on european colonization in the tempest major amerindian indigenous people lived in the caribbean before the european discovered many of the . Reviews of history of the caribbean: plantations, as the focus of international political rivalry, war, and diplomacy in the caribbean with africa, europe . Csec caribbean history syllabus european rivalry in the caribbean up to 1763 the united states and the caribbean wilson sd essays on caribbean . The british west indies regiment was disbanded shorlty afterwards jamaica war memorial returning soldiers caused other disturbances back in the caribbean 1919 saw several disturbances in jamaica, british honduras and trinidad.
Paul sutton the caribbean is a region of immense political diversity in its comparatively small area there exist established liberal democracies, overseas territories variously associated with the united states and european countries, "fragile" liberal democracies emerging from a recent authoritarian past, a "failed" state in haiti, and one of the world's last remaining communist . European settlement and rivalry african muslims african slaves agricultural alliances antigua arawaks asiento atlantic barbados brazil canaries capital caribbean . Free caribbean papers, essays, major amerindian indigenous people lived in the caribbean before the european discovered many of the caribbean islands these .
European rivalry in the caribbean essay
This article reconstructs the expansion of europe overseas and the multiple forms of encounters between european navigators, explorers, conquerors, colonizers, merchants and missionaries and other peoples and cultures over the course of four centuries. Effects of colonization by australia, new zealand, the caribbean, the middle east, and many parts of asia imperialist policies promoted ethnic rivalry by . History of north america encompasses the past developments of ground for ongoing european rivalries largest islands in the caribbean and conquered . Pirates, privateers, and buccaneers of the west increasingly concerned with rivalries inside europe while turkish also rediker's essay in part 3) pirates .
- European rivalries p 1 / 11 god and glory columbus founds first spanish colony in 1493 on the island of hispaniola spain settles islands across the caribbean .
- The history of the caribbean reveals the significant role the region played in the colonial struggles of the european powers since the 15th century in 1492, christopher columbus landed in the caribbean and claimed the region for spain.
- The effects of caribbean colonization on the family: through the eyes of caribbean women writers essay caribbean women europe has been a leader in this .
Chapter 18 - conquest and exploitation: colonial trade rivalry among spain, france and britain (ca _PHONE_), 3) european imperialism in the caribbean, and . Reading guide: 1 gutiérrez, map of the western hemisphere, 1562, detail how did the european rivalries of the 1690s in north america set the stage for the later . The caribbean islands began their association with modern society as the pawn of european power politics, the cockpit of europe, the arena of europe's wars hot and cold this imperialist rivalry was anticipated even before the voyage of columbus. - omani-european rivalry in the indian ocean basin - piracy in the caribbean period 6 quizlet cards 22 terms.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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The piece starts off talking about what is arguably Dorothea Lange's most recognizeable image, that of a California pea picker Florence Owens Thompson. The image was taken while Lange was employed by the Farm Security Administration in March, 1936.
One incredible piece of information I learned from the NPR piece was that all of the images that Dorothea Lange took during her work with the FSA became the proprety of the US Government. The original images were accompanied by captions that she wrote for each image, but they were not distributed with the images when the FSA would make them available to news outlets. Not even the titles of her images were preserved.
Listen to the NPR piece embedded below, or visit this link to read more about the new book by Linda Gordon.


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JTU Institute for Education and Culture
09 July 2009
The Japan Teachers' Union (JTU) is the oldest and largest union for teachers in Japan. NFER was commissioned by the JTU to undertake a comparative study of England, Scotland and Finland's working teachers practice. The JTU compared the workload conditions of teachers in England and Scotland to those in Japan, in order to advocate for change to policies on Japanese teachers' working conditions. The aim was to see how good working conditions affected academic performance.
The NFER approached a sample of headteachers, deputy headteachers, assistant headteachers and class teachers across England and Scotland, who were asked various questions about their working life. Finland was of interest because of its high pupil academic attainment, and England due to its compulsory national curriculum testing. Schools in Scotland were approached because of their similarity to English schools but without compulsory national testing. Representatives from the JTU also visited four schools in England and Scotland to observe working conditions and practices for themselves.
The report contains comparisons of the following:
- hours worked
- time preparing for class
- perceptions of teacher tasks
- pressures associated with changes to education policy
- attitudes of student\families
- difficulties with taking breaks and days-off.
This summary report is a fascinating insight into the differences in teachers' working conditions across four countries.


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Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes
The sinking of the Mercedes
|Name:||Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes|
|Launched:||Havana, Cuba, 1786|
|Fate:||Sunk by the British 5 October 1804|
|Notes:||Thought to be the wreck discovered by Odyssey Marine Exploration, codenamed "Black Swan"|
The Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes (Our Lady of Mercy in English) was a Spanish frigate which was sunk by the British off the south coast of Portugal on 5 October 1804 during the Battle of Cape Santa Maria.
Odyssey Marine Exploration claim to have discovered the vessel and recovered its treasure in 2007 resulting in a legal challenge from Spain. Odyssey claim to have recovered "over 500,000 silver coins weighing more than 17 short tons (15 t), hundreds of gold coins, worked gold, and other artifacts, it is believed that this recovery constitutes the largest collection of coins ever excavated (actually ruled as an expoliation) from a deep-ocean site."
A U.S. federal court and a panel from the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit have upheld the Spanish claim to the contents of the ship; Spain took control of the treasure in February 2012.
 See also
- Treasure hunters ordered to return £250m of loot to Spain -The Telegraph, 4 June 2009
- Black Swan Project
- Cultural Property & Archaeology Law (20 February 2012). "Judge rules Spain can take control of shipwreck treasure recovered by Fla. company next week". Retrieved 1 December 2012.
- Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. v. The Unidentified Shipwrecked Vessel
- Yahoo Finance Odyssey to Request En Banc Hearing in "Black Swan" Case
- Documents from the court case in which it was alleged that the Mercedes had been found by Odyssey Marine.
|This article about a specific naval ship or boat is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Spreadsheet Project
Exercises in Occupancy Modeling and Estimation
The exercises presented here are designed as a teaching tool to explore the occupancy models described in the book, Occupancy Estimation and Modeling, by Darryl MacKenzie, James D. Nichols, J. Andrew Royle, Kenneth Pollock, Larrisa L. Bailey, and James E. Hines. You should purchase this book before getting started.
Each exercises consists of a spreadsheet exercise, followed by an analysis in programs PRESENCE, MARK, or GenPres. In the near future, we will add coding in program R to each exercise.
Please cite this work as: Donovan, T. M. and J. Hines. 2007. Exercises in occupancy modeling and estimation. < _URL_ >
Last modified August 16 2010 01:40 PM


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A portion of a historic sewerage canal in Melbourne's west has been transformed into a park at Williams Landing.
The project is the result of a collaboration between GHD Woodhead and GHD's Water and Structural groups.
The park has been built over a 100-metre section of the heritage-listed Main Outfall Sewer. Constructed in 1892-94, the sewer runs for 27 kilometres between an old pumping station in Spotswood (now part of the Scienceworks Museum) and the Western Treatment Plant in Werribee.
It was decommissioned in 1993 added to the Victorian Heritage Register in 2001. "The Main Outfall Sewer is of scientific (engineering) importance as a major link in the most extensive engineering project undertaken in Victoria to that date," the statement of significance reads. "The concrete and brick open and covered sewer is a fine example of the technology of the period, exhibiting a high level of integrity. The three major red brick aqueducts over Kororoit Creek, Skeleton Creek and the Werribee River are excellent examples of multi-spanned, arched masonry bridges."
In 2005, ownership of the sewer transferred from Melbourne Water to VicRoads and the Federation Bicycle Trail was built along its length.
The new park includes garden structures such as cantilevered pergolas, rock-clad structural retaining walls, corten steel balustrades, a rain garden in the centre that filters pollutants and water storage tanks underneath the park.
The project is part of the Greening the Pipeline initiative, which aims to transform the entire length of the 40-metre-wide Main Outfall Sewer reserve into a linear park.
"This parkland has been a fantastic first, exemplar project for Greening the Pipeline to work on," said GHD project manager David Howard. "I look forward to hearing the stories about the connection and improvement the project brings to the previously divided communities. On the opening day, we could already see the community coming together in play."
Funding is being sought for the next stage of the project which consists of a masterplan for a five-kilometre section in Wyndham between Laurie Emmins Reserve and Skeleton Creek.
The first Greening the Pipeline park at Williams Landing was part-funded by the Victorian Government, and led by Melbourne Water with support from Wyndham City Council, City West Water and VicRoads.


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TRAFFICKING VICTIMS ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (TVAP)
COMPREHENSIVE CASE MANAGEMENT SERVICES
WHAT IS HUMAN TRAFFICKING?
Human trafficking is modern-day slavery.
Victims can be anyone from around the world or right next door: women and man, adults and children, citizens and noncitizens alike.
- Undocumented immigrants
- Runaway, homeless youth
- Victims of trauma and abuse
- Impoverished individuals
BARRIERS TO SEEKING HELP:
Human trafficking is a hidden crime as victims rarely come forward to seek help because of:
- language barriers
- lack of knowledge
- fear of the traffickers
- fear of law enforcement
LSF COMPREHENSIVE CASE MANAGEMENT SERVICES
Lutheran Services Florida is dedicated to supporting survivors of labor and sex trafficking through Trafficking Victim Assistance Program (TVAP) in Tampa Bay Area.
Lutheran Services Florida will provide comprehensive case management services to foreign-born victims of trafficking, derivative family members and minor children of victims of trafficking through a cooperative agreement with social agency Tapestri, the Department of Health & Human Services' (HHS), Office of Trafficking in Persons (OTIP) and others.
In order to enroll in LSF TVAP, the individual must be:
- A foreign born victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons, as defined in the
- Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000.
- Derivative family members and minor children of victims of trafficking are also eligible.
- LSF TVAP employee will make an initial assessment, in consultation with the contract agency, regarding whether the individual meets the enrollment criteria.
LSF TVAP SERVICES
Enrolled clients will receive comprehensive case management services:
- Initial needs assessment, based on trauma-informed and victim-centered approaches
- Culturally and linguistically sensitive services
- Financial Assistance
- Assistance with basic needs (safety planning, food, clothing, transportation)
- Linkage to shelters and housing options
- Linkage to mental health and medical care providers
- Referrals to legal services (immigration attorney)
- Enrollment in public benefits and refugee programs
- Linkage to career and employment services
LSF TVAP STAFF WILL:
- Not compromise victim safety
- Respect the privacy and dignity of all clients regardless of their race, background or belief
- Ensure that consumer and client confidentiality is protected
- Assess the needs of a client and coordinate, arrange, evaluate, monitor, and advocate for multiple services in order to meet the needs of human trafficking survivor
- Assist survivors through a network of providers throughout the country.
IS THERE A COST FOR SERVICES?
- All services are free and confidential.
Trafficking victims, including undocumented individuals, are eligible for services and immigration assistance.
TO GET HELP FROM THE NATIONAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING HOTLINE:
TO REPORT SUSPECTED HUMAN TRAFFICKING:
Text HELP or INFO to BeFree (233733)


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Truck Front Underrun Protection Research from India:
Crash Analysis of Front under Run Protection Device using Finite Element Analysis, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 9, Issue 1 (Sep. – Oct. 2013), PP 49-56 _URL_, Santosh Pandimukkula.,Venkata Narayana Yenugula 1 (Mechanical Departmen,Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology/JNTUH, INDIA) 2 (Mechanical Departmen,Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology/JNTUH, INDIA)
In head-on collisions of bonnet-type cars (sedans, wagons, hatchbacks, etc., here after referred to simply as cars) and heavy trucks, the car often under runs the front of the truck, and the car crew received the serious or fatal injuries. The crash safety performance of the car depends on the way its structural parts interact with the structural parts of the truck. FUPD equipment that prevents the car from under running the truck is obligatory in India. The required strength and ground clearance of FUPDs are specified in the relevant regulations used in India. Accidents between cars and trucks are among the most fatal accidents because of the car under running. This phenomenon leads to serious and fatal injuries for car occupants because of intrusion of the car structure into the passenger compartment. . .
1. Head on collision contribute significant amount of serious accidents due to lack of FUPD in heavy trucks.
2. As per Indian standard IS 14812:2005 regulation the Front Under-run Protection Device is designed using Nx8.0 software and analysed by commercial finite element software and found satisfactory results.
3. The maximum displacement, Von mises stresses and strains under impact load of FUPD bar in different cases are studied to meet the requirements as per IS 14812:2005, and this results are to be compared with experimental results.
4. With the above used CAE tools we can reduce the time and increase the productivity of the design and avoid the costly experimental testing.
5. As per above three results second model is safe, strength and low weight model.
6. We can suggest to automobile industries to keep this type of FUPD to car, gypsy, truck, busses…Etc. which saves the life of passenger with less injury.


text: Shelley Huguley has been involved in agriculture for the last 30 years. Not only is she married to a farmer, but she has a bachelor's in agricultural communications from Texas Tech University. Her communications career began with the Texas Forest Service West Texas Nursery, Lubbock, where she developed and produced the Windbreak Quarterly, a newspaper about windbreak trees and their benefit to wildlife, production agriculture and livestock operations. She also served as one of the agency's information officers and team leaders during the 1998 wildfire season and later produced the "Firebrands" newsletter, a quarterly publication sent to Volunteer Fire Departments throughout Texas. Her most personal involvement in agriculture came in 1998, when she married her husband Preston Huguley, an Olton, Texas, farmer. As a farmwife, she knows first-hand the ups and downs of farming and the endless decisions producers make each season based on "if" it rains, "if" the drought continues, "if" the market holds. She is the farm bookkeeper and cherishes each season on the farm starting with planting up to harvest, even servicing sprinklers during the summer with the kids. While raising her babies, Shelley freelanced for agricultural companies such as Olton CO-OP Gin, producing the newsletter "Cotton Connections" while also designing marketing materials to promote the gin. Previous to her employment with Farm Press, she had articles published in various agricultural publications including Southwest Farm Press, while also volunteering her marketing and writing skills to non-profit organizations. Shelley and her husband reside in Olton with their three children Breely, Brennon and HalleeKate.


This question was tagged with the tag. However, I thought the term "statistics" were tied to attribute, ability scores, or any other numbers and traits which systematically specify the character's strength and weaknesses in RPG context, and there is a question which fits this meaning.
Since there is no tag wiki and there are both kinds of questions, here I present a question. What does tag mean?
 - Is it tied to mathematical statistics, as the first question is tied to?
 - Is it tied to statistics on a sheet, as the second question is tied to?
 - Is it supposed to mean something else, or a combination of multiple candidates?
 - 1
 \$\begingroup\$ Statistics as a tag is iffy and ambiguous. A tag wiki entry would be best. It should be about the math; stuff on sheets is called many ambiguous things, and the only time we'd generalize it would be times where a general "records" tag would perhaps be more appropriate. \$\endgroup\$ – Kyle Willey Feb 20 '14 at 4:04
 - \$\begingroup\$ Worth noting: 8 of the existing questions tagged statistics refer to math/probability. Only one refers to a character's attributes. \$\endgroup\$ – AceCalhoon Feb 20 '14 at 14:18
 - 1
 \$\begingroup\$ _USER_ That's an interesting statistic. ducks \$\endgroup\$ – BrianH Feb 21 '14 at 19:53
I propose we make a tag synonym to and take it off entirely from questions that don't fit (they can probably just have the relevant system tags, or or whatever else).
 - \$\begingroup\$ Good point, since I couldn't think how different [probability] and [statistics] are, but I doubt whether I have such a privilege. \$\endgroup\$ – Arle Camille Feb 20 '14 at 4:08
 - 2
 \$\begingroup\$ For our intents and purposes they're identical. Technically, statistics mostly ignores probability and is more about data presentation, but from a game perspective probability is the only part of statistics we care about, and it's more true to the common-language usage. \$\endgroup\$ – Kyle Willey Feb 20 '14 at 4:11
 - \$\begingroup\$ [mtg:character-creation] Umm, clearly I use the MTG tag way, waaaay too much (on B&CG). \$\endgroup\$ – Alex P Feb 20 '14 at 4:21
 - \$\begingroup\$ _USER_ Hmm. The questions I can think of as falling under the actual concept of "statistics" are few and far between. I'm imagining something like a "What percentage of D&D organized play characters are casters?" >.> \$\endgroup\$ – Alex P Feb 20 '14 at 4:24
 - \$\begingroup\$ Yeah, we don't really do real "statistics", and really only care about it in the context of probability, since people usually don't come to rpg.se to ask about organized play stuff. \$\endgroup\$ – Kyle Willey Feb 20 '14 at 5:33
 - \$\begingroup\$ How about rather merging [probability] into [statistics], as probability is one aspect of RPG-wise statistics we look for? \$\endgroup\$ – Arle Camille Feb 20 '14 at 7:12
 - \$\begingroup\$ _USER_ Well, our probability questions aren't really about statistics, for the most part. And going probability->statistics doesn't solve the problem of having the "statistics" tag on questions about, like, Constitution modifiers. \$\endgroup\$ – Alex P Feb 20 '14 at 13:19
The math kind. You could contribute to clarification by submitting a tag wiki.
We have [probability] too which is somewhat redundant with that...
For "character stats" - if that's even a valid tag, and I'm not really sure it is - we could put in something else, perhaps [ability-scores], but I am not sure it's really a valid tag.
 - \$\begingroup\$ Character stats are usually single game related; if it's related to something like character sheet design, a record-keeping tag would be better, and if it relates to a single game it should be kept relevant to that game, as Fate, d20, and Shadowrun (to name three games off the top of my head) each keep wildly different attributes that should be measured in different ways. \$\endgroup\$ – Kyle Willey Feb 20 '14 at 4:10
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Tip
How to balance three-phase power to maximize UPS capacity
Is your uninterruptable power supply really near capacity, or is it just alerting you to a phase balance issue in your three-phase power system?
Many a UPS has been replaced because an uneven power
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draw gave the appearance the UPS was near overload. An unnecessary overnight replacement of a big UPS wastes money, disrupts an entire data center and exposes it to potential catastrophe. Follow these tips to avoid phase balance trouble in the data center.
The basics of three-phase power
Unlike your home, which uses single-phase power, commercial buildings are served by three-phase power. Large UPS systems — say 20 kVA and above — are generally three-phase because it's a more efficient way to deliver large amounts of power.
When you read the display on a three-phase power UPS, the default, or home, display will usually show the percentage load on the highest loaded phase. For example, if a 100 kW UPS is reading 98%, that might be the load on Phase B. But if Phase A is only seeing a 50% load, and Phase C only 20%, that's only 54% of the total UPS capacity. There is 46 kW available to power equipment. Time to replace the UPS? I think not!
There are different ways of electrically configuring three-phase service, but in the U.S. the output of a data center UPS — its downstream power distribution units (PDUs) — will almost always be 120/208 volt Wye-connected four-wire + ground. This is shown in Figure 1 without the ground wire.
Figure 1 – Circuit types available from three-phase, 120/208 V Wye output
Where high power capacity is required, there are many advantages in the use of three-phase delivery. In a modern data center, where cabinets often draw 5, 10, 15 or more kilowatts, fewer conductors are needed to deliver the same power level as a single-phase system, which is why more data centers are running three-phase circuits all the way to the cabinets. See Figure 2 for a table of conductor counts.

CABINET CAPACITY 1,920 W 5,757 W 8,636 W 17,272 W 25,908 W
Circuit amperes 20 20 30 30 30
Conductor size #12 AWG #12 AWG #10 AWG #10 AWG #10 AWG
No. of 120 V, single-phase circuits 2 6 6 12 18
Single-phase, 120 V, conductor count 4 12 12 24 36
No. of 208 V, three-phase circuits 0 2 2 4 6
Three-phase, 120/208 V conductor count N/A 8 8 16 24
Figure 2 — Conductor counts for different cabinet power capacities and circuit types: dual circuits per cabinet, two-wire single-phase and four-wire three-phase. Grounding conductors are additional.
At today's copper prices, this is not trivial but regardless of how the branch circuits are wired, if the power going into and out of the UPS is three-phase, it is necessary to draw power as equally as possible from each phase to utilize the full capacity of the system.
Understanding phase balance
Imagine your three-phase UPS as three water canteens carried by soldiers in the desert. They need all three people and their equipment to carry out their mission. Each starts with the same amount of water, which is more than they should need for the journey, but one person doesn't ration very well and runs out before they have reached their objective. Do they just keep going until that soldier dies and then abort the mission? Do they call for a replacement team and tell the next team to carry more water? Or do they reapportion what they have and then better manage the rest of the mission to get maximum use out of their critical resource? Hopefully, the answer is the latter.
A three-phase UPS works the same as the soldier's canteens. Each phase has the same capacity, one third of the total. If only one phase is loaded to capacity, there's no reason to buy a new UPS since there's still enough total capacity in the other phases to handle the load. We just need to re-allocate our power demand on the three phases so we can utilize the full capacity of each. Then we need to manage our loads as we add equipment so we don't repeat the same problem and cause the UPS to die before its time. So far, we have concentrated on the UPS, but the same principle applies to every element in any three-phase power chain.
How to balance loads in a three-phase power system
Phase balance simply involves moving loads from one circuit to another, in much the same way you would move appliances around at home if you overloaded a circuit.
Let's say you have several small appliances plugged into a single outlet in your bedroom — lamps, hair dryer, curling iron, etc. — and you buy a large TV. Summer comes and you need to put an air conditioner in the window above the outlet to which you already have all these things connected. It all works fine until one hot summer morning when the air conditioner is running full blast, you're watching the news, someone heats up the curling iron and starts the hair dryer. Suddenly, they all quit. The circuit is overloaded, and a breaker trips in the basement electrical panel. Does this mean you're out of power for the whole house?
Of course not! You've simply overloaded one circuit. There's still plenty of power available; you just need to move some of the load around to use it. Find an outlet on another circuit for the curling iron and hair dryer. Technically speaking, you need to reallocate the load to better balance it across your available capacity. Load-balancing your data center is the same process, except the computer loads are relatively constant and you need better information to get the job done.
In the home bedroom example we were trying to keep a circuit breaker from tripping, but in our data centers we're trying to get the loads as close to the same wattage as we can on all three phases of our UPS, as well as on any downstream three-phase devices. That means we need information. If we simply drill down using the UPS control panel, we can read the actual load on each phase — not just the highest one on the default display — and see how far out of balance we are. If your UPS reads both kW and kVA loads be aware that we're most interested in the kW loads, even if the kVA readings are higher. But the numbers should still be pretty close to the same, whether you're reading kW, kVA or amps.
Once you know which phases are high and which are low, you need to find out which cabinets or power strips are on which phases. Unfortunately, you might need an electrician to figure that out if the information isn't on drawings or labeled on each cabinet or receptacle. That could require short-term shutdowns of individual cabinets, but if your equipment is all dual-corded and is on different circuits this shouldn't be a big problem.
There are two routes to take after you have your phases sorted. The first is trial and error, where you just move plugs to outlets on under-loaded phases until the balance gets better. There's nothing wrong with this as long as it ends up improving the load balance. It just takes time and may require a number of equipment shutdowns before you get it right.
The second — far superior — way to attack a phase-balance problem is with actual readings. This means monitoring the power draws from each cabinet — or even from each receptacle — as well as at each major point in the electrical distribution chain from the UPS through any PDUs and all the way to the cabinets. That's the major justification for the expensive power strips now used in data center cabinets, variously called PDUs (which confuses them with the big conventional power distribution units), electronic PDUs (ePDUs), cabinet distribution units (CDUs) and rack PDUs.
By any name, these sophisticated power strips enable you to read how much current you're drawing on each circuit in a cabinet in real time, either directly from built-in digital displays or remotely with a network interface. Armed with this information, you can plan your re-circuiting on paper. And if you're going to maintain phase balance going forward, power monitoring is essential to planning power availability before making equipment additions.
There is another factor that could throw a wrench in things. To improve energy efficiency and reduce copper wire usage, more data center equipment is on 208 V power in the United States. This is derived by connecting to two of the three phases of a three-phase circuit like the one in Figure 1. With this system, moving loads becomes a "two-out-of-three" puzzle. Every time you move a computer cord or cabinet connection, you will be changing load on two phases at a time instead of one. That means one of the phases will stay the same, the load on another phase will go down, and the load on the remaining phase will go up. Figure 3 shows what might happen when moving a 5 kW, 208 V load on a 100 kW UPS (33.33 kW per phase):

UPS PHASE ORIG. LOAD % LOAD LOAD TO MOVE MOVED LOAD NEW LOAD % LOAD
Phase A 32 kW 96% 5 kW 27 kW 81%
Phase B 30 kW 90% 5 kW 5 kW 30 kW 90%
Phase C 15 kW 45% 5 kW 20 kW 60%
Figure 3


text:
Navigation and Search in XAML
Most of ReSharper's navigation and search features are also supported in XAML. You can find the detailed information on these features in the corresponding topics of the Navigation and Search section. In the main topic of the section, you can also find the feature matrix and check what exactly is supported in XAML.
In this topic, you can find some examples of using navigation and search features in XAML:
is a convenient tool
for viewing the structure of the current document. You can also navigate to individual elements
by double-clicking the corresponding node in the
Various "Go To..." features help you navigate to different parts of your XAML file or to other
files in your solution. For instance, you can navigate to a usage of the element:
feature provides quick access
to the list of various navigation features available in the current context. Using this feature, you
can easily navigate between a XAML file and a corresponding code-behind file.
ReSharper can find usages of any entity, such as classes, properties, fields, etc. even in XAML. For
you can find usages of the
attribute in order to find out which fields
are declared as


text:
Lawrence Ernst (2003) "Sample Expansion for Probability Proportional to Size without Replacement Sampling." Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods, 2003, American Statistical Association.
A drawback of probability proportional to size (PPS) without replacement, fixed size sampling, in comparison with equal probability sampling, is the difficulty of expanding the sample with the expanded sample remaining PPS without replacement. In fact, this author is unaware how to perform such a sample expansion for most PPS sampling schemes, such as systematic PPS sampling. However, Tille (1996) has developed a step by step PPS sampling scheme, for which at each step one unit is eliminated until the desired sample size is reached. It is shown in the current paper that sample expansion is very straightforward if Tille's method had been used to select the original sample, provided a record had been kept of the order in which units had been eliminated in selecting the original sample. Even if no such record had been kept, we demonstrate that it is still possible to expand the sample. We also discuss a modification of Tille's method that allows it attain some of the advantages of ordered systematic PPS sampling. Finally, we discuss applications to the National Compensation Survey conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Last Modified Date: July 15, 2004


text:
Hear selections from new releases with our weekly Choral Featured Album Fridays at 11 a.m. central on the Choral Stream.
This week's Choral Featured Album is Missa Videte miraculum, the new release from the Choir of Westminster Abbey. Comprising 39 tracks, the record showcases the work of 16th century composer Nicholas Ludford.
About the album (from the Choir of Westminster Abbey's website)
Lesser-known Tudor composer Nicholas Ludford spent his career at the epicentre of English musical life yet is barely known to today's audiences. Born at the start of Henry VII's reign, his life spanned one of the most turbulent periods in the country's history, encompassing Henry VIII's break with Rome, the rise of Protestantism under Edward VI and the Catholic Revival under Mary Tudor. Ludford had strong links with Westminster, working at St. Stephen's Chapel in the Palace of Westminster, and later at St. Margaret's Church.
While his name may not be as familiar to modern audiences as his Tudor near-contemporaries Taverner and Tallis, this disc demonstrates that Ludford's music is equally worthy of attention for its intricacy, opulence and sheer inventiveness.
ResourcesMissa Videte miraculum (Hyperion Records)
The Choir of Westminster Abbey (official site)


text:
WALES ASSOCIATION Graduates & Students have heard how innovative engineering transformed the previously derelict Cardiff Bay oval basin into a major public space.
The basin, the entrance pool to Cardiff's first dock, was constructed in 1839. It is now the focus of the Cardiff Bay regeneration scheme, made famous by the Cardiff Bay Barrage (NCE 30 March 2000).
The £4.5M scheme stands as a reminder of Cardiff's great maritime heritage and, according to Arup's Francis Joseph, 'serves as a symbol of the role that civil engineering played in the industrialisation of Britain'.
Joseph told the meeting that stability problems with the original listed masonry dock walls were the major challenge for the Arup/Mowlem Management project team during construction. These were 11m high gravity structures, founded on a timber raft supported by a combination of timber sheet and driven piles.
However, Arup uncovered evidence of failure in the walls just two years after their construction. A report written at the time pointed to bad design and construction which led to almost immediate movement of the masonry wall and failure of the piles at the wall's toe.
Various ideas were considered to overcome the problem, but options such as underpinning or ground anchors were rejected on technical, land ownership and financial grounds, Joseph explained.
The adopted solution involved construction of a reinforced concrete slab to prop the walls. The slab is continuous through the neck of the basin out to the entrance and fans out to form the surface for a boardwalk.


text:
Definition of orc
n. - The grampus. 2
The word "orc" uses 3 letters: C O R.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after orc (in bold), or to cor in any order:
a - arco orca c - croc d - cord e - cero core f - corf i - coir k - cork rock m - corm n - corn p - crop s - cors orcs rocs t - torc w - crow y - cory
Shorter words found within orc:
All words formed from orc by changing one letter
Browse words starting with orc by next letter


FileDesc.com
If you are seeking information about file extensions, then you are in the right place at the right time.
Details of extension .ipnb
On this page, we're going to take a closer look at the .ipnb file extension, which is related to IPython Notebook Document.
We'll explain what exactly a .ipnb file format is and how you can use it. If you're interested in learning more details about this type of file, we'll show you where to find them. And if you ever need to convert .ipnb files into different formats, we'll give you some tips on how to do that too.
Let's see the file format associated with this file extension!
Contents
 1. IPython Notebook Document
We trust that our website will provide valuable information for you. If you have any questions, just ask!
IPython Notebook Document
ipynb file - IPython Notebook Document
The IPYND file is an IPython Notebook Document. IPython is a command shell for interactive computing in multiple programming languages, originally developed for the Python programming language, that offers enhanced introspection, rich media, additional shell syntax, tab completion, and rich history.
Application: IPython
Program name: -
Category: Development files
Mime-type: application/octet-stream
Aliases:
ipnb, ipyn, ipynd, pynb
Related extensions:
.ipynp IPython Plot Document
.ipy IPython Script
The .ipnb file extension might not only belong to a single type of file, there could be various kinds that use it. Keep in mind that files with the .ipnb extension may contain various content types. If you have helpful information about this extension, write to us!
Could someone have spelled the .ipnb file extension wrong?
In our database, we came across the following similar extensions:
.ipn Autodesk Inventor Presentation
.ipb Apple iOS Perl Script
.inb Delft3D Initial Bed Composition Data
.pnb Pokemon NetBattle Data
The .ipnb extension is frequently misused
People sometimes confuse the .ipnb filename extension. Based on the searches on our site, here are the most common misspellings from the past year.
ipn (1), ipb (1), inb (1), pnb (1)
Having trouble opening a .ipnb file?
If you want to open a .ipnb file on your computer, you just need to have the appropriate program installed. Incorrect settings for the .ipnb association can trigger this error.
Windows can't open this file:
File: example.ipnb
To open this file, Windows needs to know what program you want to use to open it. Windows can go online to look it up automatically, or you can manually select from a list of programs that are installed on your computer.
To change file associations:
 - Right-click a file with the extension whose association you want to change, and then click Open With.
 - In the Open With dialog box, click the program with which you want the file to open, or click Browse to locate the program that you want.
 - Select the Always use the selected program to open this kind of file check box.
Supported operating systems
Windows Server 2016/2019/2022, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, Windows 11, Linux, Mac OS X, macOS, iOS, Android


Non-specific is a widely-used term in radiology, and clinical medicine in general.
Non-specific is used for a symptom, sign, test result, radiological finding, etc., that does not point towards a specific diagnosis or etiology. For example, a high T2 signal lesion of the white matter on an MRI brain is a non-specific finding as the number of possible causes is broad.
Nevertheless, as was pointed out in a recent article, stating that a radiological finding is non-specific does not remove the responsibility of the reporting radiologist to suggest differential diagnoses, or further appropriate management.


text:
Induced Changes in the Pattern of Pulmonary Blood Flow in the Rabbit
1. In the normal, unanesthetized rabbit, resting quietly in its normal position, catheterization of the right ventricle (and central veins) altered the distribution of blood throughout the lung in a characteristic manner.
2. Regional pulmonary vasoconstriction, rather than passive changes in vascular caliber or in the flow properties of blood, seemed to be involved.
3. The mechanism for the regional pulmonary vasoconstriction is considered in terms of a neurohumoral pathway, involving afferent pathways from the right heart, connecting channels in the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord, and release of a histamine-like substance at the neuro-vascular junctions.
- Received March 18, 1963.
- © 1963 American Heart Association, Inc.


text:
This work has been funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.
INFLUENCE OF FOOD MATRIX STRUCTURE AND ORAL BREAKDOWN DURING MASTICATION ON TEMPORAL PERCEPTION OF FLAVOR
Article first published online: 11 MAY 2007
Journal of Sensory Studies
Volume 12, Issue 1, pages 69–86, March 1997
How to Cite
WILSON, C. E. and BROWN, W. E. (1997), INFLUENCE OF FOOD MATRIX STRUCTURE AND ORAL BREAKDOWN DURING MASTICATION ON TEMPORAL PERCEPTION OF FLAVOR. Journal of Sensory Studies, 12: 69–86. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-459X.1997.tb00054.x
- Issue published online: 11 MAY 2007
- Article first published online: 11 MAY 2007
- Received for Publication June 1, 1996
Perception of flavor intensity from a series of model foods was recorded during normal mastication by 8 subjects. Samples varied in gelatin concentration (5–25%) and in the sweetener added (sucrose or aspartame) and represented a range of physical and mechanical properties. All contained the same level of a commercial flavor (banana). Mastication patterns were recorded using electromyography simultaneously with sensory assessment. Increasing the mechanical strength and melting point of the samples resulted in longer chewing times and lower intensity and more prolonged flavor perception. The temporal pattern of flavor perception was closely linked with mastication patterns for each subject but exhibited large individual differences. Flavor perception was influenced by the habitual oral breakdown patterns for individuals.


Why are religious Jews scared of dogs? Whenever I walk mine past an observant family, all the kids hide behind their mother's skirt in terror. Is there some curse on dogs?
I know exactly how your dog feels. I often get a similar reaction from Jews. While many observant Jews are scared of dogs, many unobservant Jews are terrified of rabbis. There's something in common between dogs and rabbis that make us both objects of trepidation. And it's not the facial hair.
People fear the unfamiliar.
Most religious homes do not have pets. Perhaps because families with many kids are less likely to seek non-human companionship, perhaps because it can be tricky to care for animals on Shabbat, or perhaps it's just a cultural thing, but other than the odd goldfish, pets are rare in observant communities.
So those who are unaccustomed to canine company are often scared of dogs. People are scared of rabbis for the same reason. Both dogs and rabbis are loved by those who know them, and instill fear into those who don't.
But that's where the similarity ends. The underlying causes of these two fears are very different, almost opposite. The fear of dogs (cynophobia) comes from the fear of being bitten. Fear of rabbis (rabbinophobia) comes from the fear of being inspired.
What many Jews fear the most is that if they learn a little bit about Judaism they might like it. And if they like it they might want more. And if they want more they may have to live more Jewishly. This means change - and change, even for the better, is scary.
The cure for cynophobia is to play with a few dogs and see that there is no basis for your fear. But the cure for rabbinophobia is to look into Judaism and to actually let your greatest fear come true - you will like it, and you'll want more.


Deploy ASP.NET MVC on IIS 6, solve 404, compression and performance problems
There are several problems with ASP.NET MVC application when
deployed on IIS 6.0:
 - Extensionless URLs give 404 unless some URL Rewrite module is
 used or wildcard mapping is enabled
 - IIS 6.0 built-in compression does not work for dynamic
 requests. As a result, ASP.NET pages are served uncompressed
 resulting in poor site load speed.
 - Mapping wildcard extension to ASP.NET introduces the following
 - Slow performance as all static files get handled by ASP.NET and
 ASP.NET reads the file from file system on every call
 - Expires headers doesn't work for static content as IIS does not
 serve them anymore. Learn about benefits of expires header from
 . ASP.NET serves a fixed expires header that makes content
 expire in a day.
 - Cache-Control header does not produce max-age properly and thus
 caching does not work as expected. Learn about caching best
 practices from
 - After deploying on a domain as the root site, the homepage
 produces HTTP 404.
Problem 1: Visiting your website's homepage gives 404 when
hosted on a domain
You have done the wildcard mapping, mapped.mvc extention to
ASP.NET ISAPI handler, written the route mapping for Default.aspx
or default.aspx (lowercase), but still when you visit your homepage
after deployment, you get:
You will find people banging their heads on the wall here:
Solution is to capture hits going to "/" and then rewrite it to
You can apply this approach to any URL that ASP.NET MVC is not
handling for you and it should handle. Just see the URL reported on
the 404 error page and then rewrite it to a proper URL.
Problem 2: IIS 6 compression is no longer working after
wildcard mapping
When you enable wildcard mapping, IIS 6 compression no longer
works for extensionless URL because IIS 6 does not see any
extension which is defined in IIS Metabase. You can learn about IIS
6 compression feature and how to configure it properly from
my earlier post
Solution is to use an HttpModule to do the compression for
dynamic requests.
Problem 3: ASP.NET ISAPI does not cache Static Files
When ASP.NET's DefaultHttpHandler serves static files, it
does not cache the files in-memory or in ASP.NET cache. As a
result, every hit to static file results in a File read. Below is
the decompiled code in DefaultHttpHandler when it handles a
static file. As you see here, it makes a file read on every hit and
it only set the expiration to one day in future. Moreover, it
generates ETag for each file based on file's modified date.
For best caching efficiency, we need to get rid of that
ETag, produce an expiry date on far future (like 30 days),
and produce Cache-Control header which offers better control
over caching.
So, we need to write a custom static file handler that will
cache small files like images, Javascripts, CSS, HTML and so on in
ASP.NET cache and serve the files directly from cache instead of
hitting the disk. Here are the steps:
 - Install an HttpModule that installs a Compression Stream
 on Response.Filter so that anything written on Response gets
 compressed. This serves dynamic requests.
 - Replace ASP.NET's DefaultHttpHandler that listens on *.*
 for static files.
 - Write our own Http Handler that will deliver compressed
 response for static resources like Javascript, CSS, and HTML.
Here's the mapping in ASP.NET's web.config for the
DefaultHttpHandler. You will have to replace this with your
own handler in order to serve static files compressed and
Solution 1: An Http Module to compress dynamic requests
First, you need to serve compressed responses that are served by
the MvcHandler or ASP.NET's default Page Handler. The
following HttpCompressionModule hooks on the
Response.Filter and installs a GZipStream or
DeflateStream on it so that whatever is written on the
Response stream, it gets compressed.
These are formalities for a regular HttpModule. The real
hook is installed as below:
Here you see we ignore requests that are handled by ASP.NET's
DefaultHttpHandler and our own StaticFileHandler that
you will see in next section. After that, it checks whether the
request allows content to be compressed. Accept-Encoding
header contains "gzip" or "deflate" or both when browser supports
compressed content. So, when browser supports compressed content, a
Response Filter is installed to compress the output.
Solution 2: An Http Module to compress and cache static file
Here's how the handler works:
 - Hooks on *.* so that all unhandled requests get served by the
 - Handles some specific files like js, css, html, graphics files.
 Anything else, it lets ASP.NET transmit it
 - The extensions it handles itself, it caches the file content so
 that subsequent requests are served from cache
 - It allows compression of some specific extensions like js, css,
 html. It does not compress graphics files or any other
Let's start with the handler code:
Here you will find the extensions the handler handles and the
extensions it compresses. You should only put files that are text
Now start handling each request from
Here you decide the compression mode based on
Accept-Encoding header. If browser does not support
compression, do not perform any compression. Then check if the file
being requested falls in one of the extensions that we support. If
not, let ASP.NET handle it. You will see soon how.
Calculate the cache key based on the compression mode and the
physical path of the file. This ensures that no matter what the URL
requested, we have one cache entry for one physical file. Physical
file path won't be different for the same file. Compression mode is
used in the cache key because we need to store different copy of
the file's content in ASP.NET cache based on Compression Mode. So,
there will be one uncompressed version, a gzip compressed version
and a deflate compressed version.
Next check if the file exits. If not, throw HTTP 404. Then
create a memory stream that will hold the bytes for the file or the
compressed content. Then read the file and write in the memory
stream either directly or via a GZip or Deflate stream. Then cache
the bytes in the memory stream and deliver to response. You will
see the ReadFileData and CacheAndDeliver functions
This function delivers content directly from ASP.NET cache. The
code is simple, read from cache and write to the response.
When the content is not available in cache, read the file bytes
and store in a memory stream either as it is or compressed based on
what compression mode you decided before:
Here bytes are read in chunk in order to avoid large amount of
memory allocation. You could read the whole file in one shot and
store in a byte array same as the size of the file length. But I
wanted to save memory allocation. Do a performance test to figure
out if reading in 8K chunk is not the best approach for you.
Now you have the bytes to write to the response. Next step is to
cache it and then deliver it.
Now the two functions that you have seen several times and have
been wondering what they do. Here they are:
WriteResponse has no tricks, but
ProduceResponseHeader has much wisdom in it. First it turns
off response buffering so that ASP.NET does not store the written
bytes in any internal buffer. This saves some memory allocation.
Then it produces proper cache headers to cache the file in browser
and proxy for 30 days, ensures proxy revalidate the file after the
expiry date and also produces the Last-Modified date from
the file's last write time in UTC.
How to use it
Get the HttpCompressionModule and
StaticFileHandler from:
Then install them in web.config. First you install the
StaticFileHandler by removing the existing mapping for
path="*" and then you install the HttpCompressionModule.
That's it! Enjoy a faster and more responsive ASP.NET MVC
website deployed on IIS 6.0.
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21 thoughts on "Deploy ASP.NET MVC on IIS 6, solve 404, compression and performance problems"
 1. Hi Mehfuz,
 ActionFilter is a great way to selectively enable compression on some requests. My solution turns on compression for all requests. This way you don't need to include the filter attribute on all action methods.
 2. Hi Omar, as Mehfuz said I see a number of benifits of Action Filters over HttpModules, but before that just want to correct that You can apply the action filter on the Controller which in turn applies to all the action/public methods, it is not required to decorate method.
 1. I do not have to stick with a Fixed Cache Duration.
 2. Unable to exclude or need to have some kind of rule engine to exclude it from caching.
 3. One of the main reason of MVC becoming so poplular is TDD, with HTTPModules it is harder and sometime impossible to fit in TDD.
 3. Hi Kazi,
 I believe there's a confusion here. I


text:
Chapter 7 Analysis of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Pages: 3 Published: Jun 1998
THE HISTORY OF INDUSTRIAL analyses of aromatic hydrocarbons began in the 1920s when the production of benzene from coke by-products became commercially viable. By the 1930s, the rapid growth in demand for benzene as well as the commercial production of heavier aromatics led to the formulation of a considerable number of empirical analytical procedures. At this time, ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons was formed. In the more than 50 years that this group has been active, the changes in analytical techniques have progressed hand-in-hand with the advancements in process technology and the expansion in the demand for high-purity aromatic products.
Paper ID: MNL10828M
ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.


Make particles synchronize with sound
edited April 2017 in Library Questions
Hello there. I'm trying make the rain particles fall synchronized with the sound using the minim library, but I know nothing about this and I have no idea how to make this happen. If someone could explain me how to do it, it would be great. This is what I have right now. Thank you and sorry for the slightly dumb question!
import ddf.minim.*;
Minim minim;
AudioPlayer player;
int numero = 200; // how many rain drops on your screen??
Rain[] rains = new Rain[numero];
void setup()
 size(512, 200, P3D);
 for(int i=0; i height) //initialize raindrop which arrives bottom.
 x = random(0,600);
 y = random(-1200,0);
 - Please provide more details. What is the meaning of your statement:
 I'm trying make the rain particles fall synchronized with the sound
 - I mean, I want the particles to fall faster when the sound gets higher, and the particles to be less when the sound is lower.. if that's even possible
 - edited April 2017 Answer ✓
 Yes, that is possible and your description is now clear.
 You see, in line 43 you get a buffer with your waveform. You could EITHER [1] find the maximum in the buffer or [2] find the average value of the whole bugger and use it as your metric for amplitude. You will need to characterize the max (or average) of a whole song to be able to determine the maximum range of these values.
 Then you can do speed_factor=map(your_metric,metric_low,metric_high,0.05,0.95); In other words, you map the min and max value of your amplitude to a factor between 5 to 95% and you can use this factor to control the speed of the particles. You will pass this factor to your Rain object in draw() and your Rain class will have this modification at line 56: y += speed*speed_factor;
 I hope this helps,
 - thank you!!
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It takes a village to educate children
Ron Gregory
8 months 1 days 8 hours ago |8 Views | | | Email | Print
Dear Editor:
Do you agree it takes a village to educate children?
This is one example of a village coming together to educate children and provide support. Despite the current situation of our economy several businesses and local citizens gave monetary donations.
Administrators, parents, and teachers provided a dedicated team educate the children. These local citizens and businesses provide the monetary support so that the children were able to extend their education beyond the classroom.
Cook law office, Conaway law office, Dr. Senator, Handley Funeral Home, Hatfield law office, Madison Elementary PTO, Jean Cook, and Jeannie McClung. Teresa Butcher, Brenda Lovejoy and Melissa Workman are the aides in the classroom.
They are dedicated assistants who love the students and go above and beyond what is required. They are true educators who enjoy interacting and working with the students.
The administrator's Mrs. Napier and Mr. Griffith provided support and understanding to the classroom. Without their support and understanding we would not have been able to extend the needed social skills and interactions within the community.
Every parent was very supportive of our efforts and their child.
I have taught for many years and never encountered such parental support. This is a vital component to educating students.
With the money and support we were able to purchase classroom shirts, attend various field trips, food and games for the beach blast, the Jack Hannah trip, Disney on Ice and the end of the year trip to the bowling alley.
Thank you to all of the people who were supportive and provided a successful school year to the students.
Angela Howell
Van, W.Va.
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Gforth locals
Locals can be defined with
{ local1 local2... -- comment }
{ local1 local2... }
: max { n1 n2 -- n3 }
 n1 n2 > if
 endif ;
The similarity of locals definitions with stack comments is intended. A locals definition often replaces the stack comment of a word. The order of the locals corresponds to the order in a stack comment and everything after the -- is really a comment.
The name of the local may be preceded by a type specifier, e.g., F: for a floating point value:
: CX* { F: Ar F: Ai F: Br F: Bi -- Cr Ci }
\ complex multiplication
 Ar Br f* Ai Bi f* f-
 Ar Bi f* Ai Br f* f+ ;
Gforth currently supports cells (W:, W^), doubles (D:, D^), floats (F:, F^) and characters (C:, C^) in two flavours: a value-flavoured local (defined with W:, D: etc.) produces its value and can be changed with TO. A variable-flavoured local (defined with W^ etc.) produces its address (which becomes invalid when the variable's scope is left). E.g., the standard word emit can be defined in terms of type like this:
: emit { C^ char* -- }
 char* 1 type ;
A local without type specifier is a W: local. Both flavours of locals are initialized with values from the data or FP stack.
Gforth allows defining locals everywhere in a colon definition. This poses the following questions:


text:
Lecture on Dragons
Lecture on Dragons (sometimes known as Essay on Dragons) is an unpublished lecture by J.R.R. Tolkien. Extracts have been published in Leaves from the Tree (1991), in J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator (1995) and in The J.R.R. Tolkien Companion and Guide (2006).
The lecture was originally given on 1 January 1938 to children at the University of Oxford Museum. Tolkien describred two kind of dragons, "'creeping' and 'winged' but, in general, large, deadly, coiling serpent-creatures."


Home quiz Eating For Body Type Quiz
Eating For Body Type Quiz
Eating For Body Type Quiz. Find yummy ayurvedic recipes and foods that fit your body type.; Body types or somatotypes are hereditary traits based on your skeletal frame (bone structure and density) and body composition (muscle and fat mass).
7 questions to identify your type. Each of these doshic body types uses metabolic energy in a unique way. Find something (or things!) you like about your body.
Reply · June 13, 2019 At 9:01 Am;
How much do you know about healthy eating? As a result, your body can stay stronger and healthier even as. Why eating meat cause type 2 diabetes type 1.
Take The Ayurvedic Body Type Dosha Quiz For More Information.
For instance, an endomorph probably wouldn't eat oatmeal because the thinking goes that this body type is best off eating fewer carbs. It is a serious psychological problem that can cause severe distress and anxiety. Over 7 years on we've seen over 400 , 000 people assess their diet and discover where their diet is placed amongst the australian dietary recommendations.
Is There Another Link Or Glitch?
The speed at which food is broken down to produce energy is called the metabolic rate. This body type is thin, usually tall, and lanky. Body dysmorphia isn't just a vanity issue.
READ ALSO What Celebrity Do I Look Like Quiz For Kids
The Ultimate Guide To Eating And Training Right For Your Body Type By Phil.
Body types or somatotypes are hereditary traits based on your skeletal frame (bone structure and density) and body composition (muscle and fat mass). Take this ayurvedic body type quiz to determine your type. The faster the process, the more fat you burn, but if it is slower, you store more.
There Are Four Different Body Types And Four Different Approaches To Weight Loss For Each Type.
Individuals with a sturdy, rounder bone. Use this body type quiz to find out which of the four unique body types you are. Understanding bone structure and fat/muscle distribution can help you reach your fitness goals.


text:
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS AND TECHNOLOGY IN SOME POTATO VARIETIES GROWN ON SANDY SOILS
Less favorable conditions on sandy soils in southern Oltenia limited number of
species and varieties grown in the area. Drought and high temperatures in recent yearsÂ (maximum 430 C in air, ground 700 C) acted as dehydrating forces on plants, disruptingÂ their metabolism.
Very high air temperature in July and August at 30 to 38.40 C relative humidity decreasedÂ to 25%, high soil surface temperature and lack of rainfall during the growing season,Â producing an imbalance of the water balance of plants.
Excessive sweating can dehydrate plants leaf level, close osteolele and diminish gas
exchange in photosynthesis.


One Ounce At A Time/ Facebook
Mom's Viral Photo Shows That Breast Milk Comes In Many Colors
While the milk that you pour over your cereal may always be bright white, breastmilk isn't quite so monochromatic. Depending on when it comes out, it can come in a variety of colors — not all of them are variations of white. This mom's full spectrum photo shows the many shades of breast milk because your "liquid gold" doesn't always look the same — and that's okay!
Nursing moms may not see enough of their milk to know what color it is, aside from that lovely bit that leaks out of the opposite side or comes out as spit-up post-feeding. But if you were to pump instead of just breastfeeding, you would see that milk from various stages of pumping, as well as times of day, affect the color of your milk. Diet, medication, and a number of other factors can influence the color of breast milk, according to Very Well Family, and there are a lot of different shades of "normal."
In order to raise awareness of what these colors can look like, a breastfeeding mom and the voice behind the popular Facebook and Instagram page, One Ounce at a Time, Elisabeth Anderson-Sierra, appropriately posted a photo of three bottles of her milk on July 4. These bottles all came from one pumping session, she told Cafe Mom, and were red, white, and blue respectively.
The red milk is often referred to as "strawberry milk," and as Anderson-Sierra explained it is tinted red by blood in the milk. As reported, the red tinge can come from a clog being dislodged and rupturing a blood vessel — as it was in Anderson-Sierra's case — a cracked nipple, or "rusty pipe syndrome," which is when ducts and milk supply cells grow and stretch after your baby is born. Anderson-Sierra told Romper that she "wanted to share that most likely, any color variation experienced is normal, though having blood in your milk (strawberry milk) is alarming, it is still safe to feed to your baby." However, moms may want to seek medical care to find out the source of the blood if they are concerned. She wrote:
If it is nipple damage, seek treatment options. If it's within the breast tissue, use gentle massage and a cold or warm compress depending on if you need to reduce swelling or get milk to release from ducts. Keep your milk ducts clear and empty! Blood can coagulate and cause additional clogs, leading to more serious problems.
Courtesy of Elizabeth Anderson-Sierra
Amy Barron Smolinski, MA, ALC, CLC Executive Director, Mom2Mom Global — a national nonprofit organization dedicated to support, education, and advocacy for breastfeeding military families — told Romper that pinkish or brownish tinged milk is not generally a concern, as long as it comes out of the breast that color:
The only time pink milk is a medical concern is if it comes out of the breast looking like "normal" — white, yellow, creamy, or thin bluish — and changes to a bright pink or magenta color over time after being expressed. Sometimes this is seen in bottles of expressed milk, sometimes the parents will notice the burp rags are stained with pink after baby has spit up on them. This can indicate the presence of Serratia marascens, an infectious bacteria that requires antibiotics.
The white milk shown in the photo is less surprising, and a bit of blood seems plausible for red milk, but where in the world does blue breast milk come from? Well, Anderson-Sierra has an answer for that too. She explained in her post that this blue milk is "foremilk" or the first milk to come out during a feeding session. It "can have a blue tint to it as it is lacking in the heavier fat content of hindmilk," which is the milk that comes at the end, according to her post. Additionally, she wrote that if you consume "...foods with dyes like Gatorade or colored frosting you may see the dyes affecting the color of your milk."
Smolinski told Romper that there is another possible explanation for "bluish" milk: higher water content. "[This] is common when the baby needs more hydration, such as hot weather, or desert conditions," she says. "It's usually thinner and watery." Smolinski added that "it's important for parents to realize that even though this milk has lower fat content than more yellowish or creamy milk, it is still very beneficial for the baby." Like Anderson-Sierra, Smolinski assured Romper that slightly colored milk is usually "completely within the spectrum of normal." But, if a parent has any concerns, she urges them to contact a trained lactation professional.
Along with the colors that Anderson-Sierra included in her post, Very Well Family reported that breast milk can be tinted white, yellow, clear, blue, green, pink, orange, brown, and black — wow, talk about variety. Not all of the colors of breastmilk are completely normal, though. For example, black breastmilk is the result of a particular antibiotic that should not be taken while breastfeeding, according to Very Well Family. But Anderson-Sierra is urging moms not to panic over milk that looks a little out of the ordinary. Don't throw it out just because of a little bit of red color. After all, "Breast milk is truly liquid gold and we work hard for it. A labor of love, blood, sweat, and tears."


Building a syntax tree from a chart BuildTree(Chart,Words[0.. K]) { N := make a node for the root of the tree; ExpandTree("S",Chart,Words,N,0,K) } ExpandTree(Symbol,Chart,Words,N,START,END) { label node N with Symbol; if (Symbol is a part of speech) then { make a leaf node labelled WORDS[END]; make an arc from N to the leaf node; ] else { find an edge E in Chart of the form [START, END, Symbol -> Sym[1], Sym[2]... Sym[p] *]; for (j := p downto 1) do { find two edges E1 and E2 in Chart such that (E1 == [SS1, END, Sym[j] -> String]) and (E2 == [START,SS1, Symbol -> Sym[1]... Sym[j-1] * Sym[j]... Sym[p]); /* That is, E was formed by applying the extender to E2, E1 */ make a new leftmost child NC of N; /* Note that the tree is built from right to left */ ExpandTree(Sym[j],Chart,Words,NC,SS1,END); END := SS1; } /* end for loop */ } } To find all the parse trees, you have to consider all the options at the two statements "find an edge" and "find two edges" above.


Qumis, Iran
 (Redirected from Hekatompylos)
Qumis (Persian: قومس; Middle Persian 𐭪𐭥𐭬𐭩𐭮 Kōmis), also known as Hecatompylos (Ancient Greek: Ἑκατόμπυλος, in Persian: صددروازه, Saddarvazeh) was an ancient city which was the capital of the Arsacid dynasty by 200 BCE. The Greek name Hekatompylos means "one hundred gates" and the Persian term has the same meaning. The title was commonly used for cities which had more than the traditional four gates. It may be understood better as the "Many Gated". Most scholars locate it at Sahr -e Qumis, in the Qumis region in west Khurasan, Iran.[1]
Šahr-e Qumis
شهر قومس
Qumis, Iran is located in Iran
Qumis, Iran
Shown within Iran
Alternative nameSaddarvazeh
LocationSemnan Province, Iran
RegionQumis region
CulturesParthian, Persian
Site notes
ConditionIn ruins
Alexander the Great stopped here in the summer of 330 BCE and it became part of the Seleucid Empire after his death. The Parni tribe took the city around 237 BCE and made it one of the first capitals of their Parthian Empire. It was mentioned as the royal city of the Parthians by a number of classical writers including Strabo, Pliny, and Ptolemy, although the Parthians seemed to have used a number of cities as their "capital" at different periods.
Qumis was destroyed by an earthquake in 856 AD, and it was probably abandoned afterwards. The site of this ancient city is now called Šahr-e Qumis (Persian: شهر قومس), between Semnan and Damqan in the Semnan Province.
 2. ^ "Hecatompilos/Intro". web.archive.org. 2011-02-08. Retrieved 2020-07-23.
 - Goodarzi, P., Dehpahlavan, M., Sołtysiak, A. (2018). "Human remains from Shahr-i Qumis, Iran, _PHONE_", Bioarchaeology of the Near East 12:89-94.
External linksEdit


during long trips or in remote locations.
 In addition, diesel heaters excel in distributing heat evenly throughout the space, ensuring that every corner of the caravan receives warmth. This even heat distribution is essential for creating a comfortable and cozy living environment, especially during cold weather.
 Compared to alternatives such as propane or electric heaters, diesel heaters offer a balance of performance, fuel efficiency, and heat distribution that make them a popular choice for caravan owners seeking reliable and effective heating solutions.
 Cost-effective
 A diesel heater is a cost-effective heating solution for caravans, offering fuel efficiency and potential savings on heating expenses.
 Being powered by diesel fuel, these heaters are known for their remarkable fuel efficiency, translating into lower fuel consumption and reduced operational costs over time. In the long run, investing in a diesel heater can lead to substantial savings on heating expenses, making it a wise financial decision for caravan owners.
 Optimizing fuel usage is key to maximizing the cost-effectiveness of a diesel heater. Simple practices like maintaining proper insulation in the caravan, regular maintenance of the heater, and programming the thermostat efficiently can help in achieving optimal fuel efficiency.
 Easy to Install
 Installing a diesel heater in a caravan is a straightforward process that requires minimal setup and installation time for immediate heating benefits.
 One of the key factors to consider when setting up a diesel heater in a caravan is the placement. The heater should be installed in a well-ventilated area, away from any flammable materials and preferably close to where you spend most of your time inside the caravan. It's essential to ensure that the heater is compatible with your specific caravan model to guarantee optimal performance.
 Safe to Use
 Diesel heaters are designed with safety features to ensure secure operation, with proper installation and precautions recommended for user protection.
 In terms of installing a diesel heater, it is crucial to follow the manufacturer's guidelines meticulously. This ensures that the heater functions efficiently and safely. Proper ventilation is key to allowing the heater to operate correctly and prevents the buildup of harmful gases like carbon monoxide. It's advised to install carbon monoxide detectors in the vicinity of the heater as an additional safety measure.
 Regular maintenance checks are necessary to keep your diesel heater in optimal condition. Inspecting the system for any signs of wear and tear, leaks, or malfunctions is essential to avoid any potential hazards. Keeping the heater clean and well-maintained not only prolongs its lifespan but also reduces the risk of accidents.
 During operation, it's important to be cautious and aware of safety practices. Avoid placing flammable materials near the heater and ensure it is placed on a stable, level surface. Never leave the heater unattended while in use, and always turn it off when not needed. By following these safety precautions and conducting regular system inspections, users can enjoy the benefits of a diesel heater without compromising on safety.
 What Are the Different Types of Diesel Heaters?
 There are different types of diesel heaters available, including air heaters, water heaters, and combination heaters, each offering unique heating options for caravans.
 Air heaters function by drawing in cold air from the surrounding environment, passing it over a heat exchanger that is heated by burning diesel fuel, and then circulating the warm air back into the caravan interior.
 Water heaters, on the other hand, utilize a heat exchanger that warms up a water-based antifreeze solution, which is then pumped through a network of pipes to radiators or convectors placed throughout the caravan.
 Combination heaters provide the benefits of both air and water systems, offering a versatile solution that can effectively heat the caravan interior and provide hot water for showers and washing.
 Air Heaters
 Air heaters are a type of diesel heater that focuses on circulating warm air within the caravan, providing efficient heating and comfort for travelers.
 This type of heating system plays a crucial role in creating a cozy environment inside the caravan by continuously circulating warm air. By regulating the temperature effectively, air heaters ensure that travelers can enjoy a comfortable stay regardless of the weather conditions outside. One of the key advantages of air heaters is their ability to rapidly warm up the interior space, allowing for quick and convenient heating. Their efficient operation not only keeps the caravan warm but also helps maintain a consistent temperature, enhancing overall comfort during travel.
 Water Heaters
 Water heaters are designed to circulate heated water through the caravan's heating system, offering consistent warmth and hot water supply for various applications.
 Within a diesel heating system, water heaters play a vital role in maintaining the desired temperature levels through a process of heating water and circulating it efficiently. These heaters are equipped with mechanisms that enable them to transfer heat effectively to the water, ensuring a continuous supply of hot water for showers, washing, and other domestic purposes in caravans.
 Combination Heaters
 Combination heaters combine air and water heating functions in a single unit, providing versatile heating options for caravans that require both air circulation and water heating capabilities.
 These innovative heaters offer the convenience of a dual heating system, ensuring that caravan occupants can enjoy a comfortable environment regardless of the climate conditions outside. By efficiently combining air and water heating, combination heaters optimize energy usage, resulting in cost savings for caravan owners in the long run.
 The space-saving design of these heaters makes them ideal for compact living spaces such as caravans, where every inch counts. They are designed to provide comprehensive heating solutions without taking up excessive space, allowing for a more functional and comfortable interior. With combination heaters, caravan owners can enjoy the benefits of a well-rounded heating system that caters to all their heating needs efficiently.
 How to Choose the Right Size Diesel Heater for Your Caravan?
 Selecting the right size diesel heater for your caravan involves considering the heating capacity, interior space, insulation levels, and climate conditions to ensure optimal comfort and efficiency.
 When determining the heating capacity required, calculate the total volume of the caravan interior in cubic meters. A rule of thumb is to provide around 0.1 kW of heat per cubic meter for average insulation levels, adjusting for colder climates or poorer insulation. Consider the layout of the caravan, as heater placement can affect heat distribution.
 Additionally, insulation quality plays a crucial role in heat retention. Well-insulated caravans will require less heating capacity compared to poorly insulated ones. Factors such as double-glazed windows, foam insulation, and draft-proofing can significantly impact heat loss.
 How to Properly Maintain Your Diesel Heater in a Caravan?
 Proper maintenance of a diesel heater in a caravan is essential for ensuring safety, optimal performance, and longevity of the heating system.
 To keep your diesel heater running smoothly, it is recommended to conduct regular inspections on critical components such as the fuel filter, combustion chamber, and exhaust system. Inspect for any signs of wear, corrosion, or blockages that could hinder the system's efficiency. A thorough cleaning routine is crucial to prevent carbon buildup and ensure proper airflow.
 Adhering to a scheduled maintenance plan will not only extend the lifespan of your diesel heater but also minimize the risk of malfunctions during your travels. It's also important to perform safety checks regularly, including examining the connections, vents, and carbon monoxide detectors to ensure they are functioning correctly.
 Frequently Asked Questions
 What is a diesel heater and how does it work in caravans?
 A diesel heater is a heating system that uses diesel fuel to generate heat and warm up the interior of a caravan. It works by burning the diesel fuel in a combustion chamber and then circulating the heated air through a series of ducts and vents to distribute the warmth throughout the caravan.
 What are the benefits of using a diesel heater in a caravan?
 One of the main benefits of using a diesel heater in a caravan is that it is more efficient and cost-effective compared to other types of heating systems. It also doesn't require electricity, making it a great option for off-grid camping. Additionally, diesel heaters provide consistent and powerful heating, making them ideal for colder climates.
 How do I maintain and troubleshoot my diesel heater in a caravan?
 To maintain your diesel heater, it is important to regularly check and clean the air intake and exhaust vents, as well as regularly changing the fuel filter. If your heater is not working properly, it could be due to a clogged fuel filter, low fuel level, or faulty ignition. Refer to your owner's manual for specific troubleshooting steps.
 Can I install a diesel heater in a caravan myself?
 Although it is possible to install a diesel heater yourself, it is recommended to have a professional do it for safety reasons. Diesel heaters involve working with combustible fuels and proper installation is crucial to ensure safe and efficient operation. It is always best to consult a qualified technician for installation.
 What are the different types of diesel heaters available for caravans?
 There are two main types of diesel heaters for caravans – forced air and radiant. Forced air heaters use a fan to blow heated air into the caravan, while radiant heaters use a heating element to radiate heat. Forced air heaters are more common and provide faster and more even heating, while radiant heaters are quieter and more energy efficient.
 Are there any safety precautions I should take when using a diesel heater in a caravan?
 Yes, it is important to follow safety precautions when using a diesel heater in a caravan. This includes ensuring proper ventilation to prevent carbon monoxide buildup, keeping flammable materials away from the heater, and turning off the heater when refueling. It is also recommended to have a carbon monoxide detector installed in the caravan for added safety.
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text:
Students Integrate Technology into Teaching
By Karen Angelo
Students in the UTeach program who are teaching STEM – science, technology, engineering and math – are integrating technology into their lesson plans, thanks to a donation of 35 Android tablets from the Verizon Foundation.
Alicia Negrón, a junior biological sciences student who is also enrolled in the UTeach program to earn a STEM teaching minor, is convinced that the technology will get her middle-school students excited about learning.
She says: "The tablets will provide much more of a visual aid prompting interaction with the students that will help them better remember and recall information."
Negrón tested the tablet in a UTeach class using an application that simulates an ecosystem. "The ecosystem app is effective in teaching concepts that cannot be shown in a laboratory experiment or through PowerPoint pictures. Interactive visual aids get students engaged in learning."
UMass Lowell was also awarded a $66,500 grant by the UTeach Institute in Austin to infuse mobile technology into the program.
Two Degrees, Two Career Choices Upon Graduation
UTeach UMass Lowell allows science and engineering undergraduates to earn a STEM teaching minor along with their bachelor's degree, and obtain a Massachusetts Initial License to teach science, technology, engineering or mathematics in middle or high school.
"I've learned so much about what it takes to be an effective, respected teacher including basic lesson design and classroom management skills," says Negrón. "I recommend UTeach to prospective students because I truly think it is a worthwhile investment."
UTeach was first developed at the University of Texas Austin over 15 years ago. UTeach UMass Lowell was launched in 2012 under a $1.6 million Massachusetts Department of Education grant and is the only university in New England to offer it.


Suppose that X1,...Xn form a random sample from a uniform distribution on the interval [0,theta], and that the following hypothesis are to be tested:
null: theta greater than or equal to 2
alternative: theta less than 2
Let Yn=max(X1,...Xn) and consider a test procedure such that the critical region contains all the outcomes for which Yn is greater than or equal to 1.5
Determine the power function of the test
Determine the size of the test


text:
Thin film has 'astonishing' ability to rotate light
Apr 4, 2011 5 comments
Physicists in Austria and Germany have taken the Faraday effect to a new extreme by rotating the polarization of light by 45° by passing it through an extremely thin film. This "giant Faraday effect" could someday be used to create optical transistors that switch light or to improve terahertz imaging systems.
Discovered in 1845 by Michael Faraday, the Faraday effect describes how a magnetic field shifts the polarization of light as the light passes through a medium. A material's ability to rotate light is defined by its Verdet constant – the amount of rotation given per tesla of magnetic field strength and per metre of material. The previous record for the strongest Faraday effect was the semiconductor indium-antimony, which has a Verdet constant of about 104 radians per tesla per metre.
Now Andrei Pimenov and colleagues at the Vienna Institute of Technology in Austria and the University of Würzburg have shown that mercury-telluride has a Verdet constant of 106 radians per tesla per metre – which Pimenov described as "astonishing".
A layered approach
To investigate mercury-telluride's optical properties, the team layers the material over a thin piece of cadmium-telluride, which does not contribute to the Faraday rotation. Then linearly polarized light – with its electric-field electric component oscillating along a certain direction – is sent into the sample.
The oscillating electric field causes conduction electrons in the material to drift to and fro. When a magnetic field is applied to the material, the electrons assume circular orbits. These orbits affect the speed at which right and left circularly polarized light travels through the material. This has the effect of rotating the direction of polarization.
The researchers measured the effect by passing the emerging light through a polarizing filter – either aligned with the initial polarization or perpendicular to it. In the absence of the magnetic field, the aligned polarizer lets all the light through, while the perpendicular filter blocks it entirely. However, as the magnetic field is increased, less light comes through the aligned filter and more through the perpendicular filter. The proportion of transmitted light for each alignment told the researchers the degree to which the beam had turned.
For the film with a thickness of just 70 nm, the rotation reached a maximum of about 15° with a magnetic field of 1 tesla. However, a layer of mercury telluride 1 µm thick could rotate the light a little more than 45°. Sébastien Francoeur of École Polytechnique in Montreal called the semiconductor an "intriguing material" because electrons can travel relatively long distances without scattering and the electrons low effective mass – they behave as if they have just a 30th of their actual masses. Francoeur said these properties are "the special ingredients resulting in this giant magneto-optical effect".
The effective mass of the electrons and the strength of the magnetic field help define the cyclotron frequency of the circular orbits. When the rotation of the light is greatest, the cyclotron frequency matches that of the light, suggesting that this resonance contributes to the giant Faraday effect.
To put the effect to use, the researchers suggest a transistor design for optical computing. "Using an external magnetic field, you can either switch on or switch off the transmission of the light," says Pimenov. While an electronic transistor decides whether to let a current pass depending on the voltage applied to it, a mercury-telluride layer between two aligned linear polarizers would let light through when the magnetic field was off but not when it was on.
In order to make this device, the team would need to twist the light by 90° rather than just 45°. Pimenov says that multiple layers of mercury-telluride, separated by cadmium-telluride, should be able to rotate light by 360° or more.
With exactly 45° of rotation, the effect can also make for optical one-way valves. The light would pass through a linear polarizer and then be rotated by 45° on its way forward. If reflected, it would turn another 45° on its way back through the mercury-telluride. Now aligned perpendicular to the polarizer, it couldn't pass.
The effect could also be used to perform terahertz imaging and spectroscopy in molecular biology, medicine, and security. According to Francoeur, terahertz light is "notoriously difficult to guide and it is challenging to manipulate its polarization state". The giant Faraday effect in mercury-telluride makes a welcome addition to the toolbox.
The research is reported in Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 107404.
About the author
Kate McAlpine is a science writer based in the UK