GROUP BY cluse
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I am trying to use GROUP BY cluse, what is the utility of this cluse in
MySQL
plz. any body tell me
Re: GROUP BY cluse
jatrojoomla wrote:
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I'm not sure what you're asking. What are you trying to do?
P.S. This isn't a php question. It's strictly a SQL question.
alt.php.sql and php.general removed from the reply.
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Remove the "x" from my email address
Jerry Stuckle
JDS Computer Training Corp.
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Re: GROUP BY cluse
jatrojoomla wrote:
Quoted text here. Click to load it
Not sure, by your question, if you are asking how to use GROUP BY
clause. If you are then look here:
_URL_
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Thanks in Advance...
IchBin, Pocono Lake, Pa, USA _URL_
'If there is one, Knowledge is the "Fountain of Youth"'
-William E. Taylor, Regular Guy (1952-)
Re: GROUP BY cluse
It works basically the same as in other SQL driven databases, excepting that
it uses single quotes for instead of double.
Sample of character, numerical, and table to table link in WHERE clause:
WHERE table1.field1 = 'some parameter' AND table1.field2 = 6 AND
table1.field5 = table3.field1
With character and date fields use single quote marks around the parameter
value, and skip the single quotes for numerical arguments.
This is the basic structure, but you can do far more operators and
nestings... but it is basically SQL 92 compliant (depending on your version
of MySQL, which you did not specify).
Cheers!
~ Duane Phillips.
Quoted text here. Click to load it
Re: GROUP BY cluse
OK. I posted my answer to the wrong message. *sigh*. Not my day.
And Group By has been handled enough by the other posters...
Cheers...
Quoted text here. Click to load it
Re: GROUP BY cluse
example: SELECT * FROM abc WHERE name='abc' GROUP BY age
jatrojoomla wrote:
Quoted text here. Click to load it
Re: GROUP BY cluse
Justin wrote:
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That isn't really useful, however.
A real application would be, for example, "SELECT age FROM abc GROUP BY age",
which does the same job as "SELECT DISTINCT age ...", selecting only those ages
that are different.
Or "SELECT age,count(*) FROM abc GROUP BY age", which will count the records for
each value of age.
--
CB
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Netflix Sencha Touch 2 app with JayData
Author: Viktor Lazar June 7th, 2012
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JayData seamlessly integrates into Sencha Touch 2 through the JayData Sencha module. You only have to modify the proxy on your Sencha data store to use the JayData proxy and define a queryable as the data source. Using remoteFilter, remoteSort and pageSize your query will be processed by JayData. Currently the module only supports read-only functions. To add, update or delete entities you can still use JayData directly in your code.
To follow this tutorial it's required to have basic knowledge of Sencha Touch 2 to understand the Sencha Touch 2 parts of the tutorial.
You can see the final app here.
Initializing the JayData context
Initializing the JayData context is easy as always. This Netflix app uses the public OData service of Netflix. After running the JaySvcUtil tool to get the context definition of the Netflix service you only have to reference the context script. JaySvcUtil already includes an instance of the context in the generated script so you don't have to do it manually. Here you can find a tutorial about using the JaySvcUtil tool.
Store definition using JayData proxy
JayData integrates itself into Sencha Touch 2 through a data proxy. You only have to define the JayData proxy on your store. Here is the store definition part of our example:
As you can see the proxy uses a queryable as the data source instead of an URL like other Sencha server stores. This way you can use any queryable of any context you defined and instantiated in your application. You are not restricted to the OData provider. You can use the Facebook, YQL or any other providers of JayData too.
Predefined query filtering and sorting is supported like in the example. By default we sort the data as defined in the store and you can have as many query operators in the store definition as you want.
From now on you can use the filtering, sorting and paging functions of the store as is.
The function parameter of the filterBy function of the Sencha store or any other filter or sort method of the store where you can pass a function as a parameter you literally pass the function to the equivalent JayData method (like.filter(),.orderBy(), etc.).
If a use case is not supported by Sencha or the JayData module you can still use JayData directly. Like in the details view of a movie. When a movie item is tapped we load the details in the event listener function.
In the above source code part we directly query the database using JayData. For the data query we don't use anything from the Sencha library. But in the callback function of the toArray method we build the content using the templating engine of Sencha.
Native mobile app
The Netflix example app is a hybrid application. You can launch it in the browser or you can use PhoneGap and convert it to a native mobile app. Because of the browser limitation of cross-domain AJAX calls you have to include a few additional lines if you want to deploy the app on the web.
With this function we hijack the AJAX request to transform it to a JSONP request. This way the cross-domain issue no longer bothers you. But be careful because JSONP is only valid in a read-only scenario.
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Capon Lake Whipple Truss Bridge
Backstory and Context
The Capon Lake Whipple Truss Bridge was constructed in 1874 by the T.B. White and Sons company to replace an older bridge that was destroyed during the Civil War over the South Branch of the Potomac River near Romney. Currently, it is the oldest standing example of a Whipple Truss bridge in West Virginia.
The Whipple Truss construction method was invented in 1848 by Squire Whipple and later improved upon by J. W. Murphy. Whipple's method called for the incorporation of double intersection diagonals onto the Pratt Truss design. Murphy amended this by using pinned eyebar connections, negating the need for rivets. These allowed for the construction of longer, stronger bridges.
The bridge was two spans long following completion, but an accident in 1935 destroyed one of the spans. The remaining span was deemed salvageable and moved to its current location over the Cacapon River. The remaining span stretches 176 feet and is 20 feet wide and 23 feet tall. It is the oldest example of a truss bridge in West Virginia.
National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form. West Virginia Culture. _URL_

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Spanish Water Dog
- Weight: 30-50 lb
- Lifespan: 14 years
- Group: AKC Herding
- Best Suited For: Families with children, active singles, houses with yards, farms/rural areas
- Temperament: Hardworking, intelligent, loyal, friendly
- Comparable Breeds: Portuguese Water Dog, Puli
Spanish Water Dog Basics
If you were to imagine a medium-sized dog with thick, curly fur and a penchant for herding, you might be thinking of the Spanish Water Dog. These dogs are an old Spanish breed that has been used for herding for many centuries. The Spanish Water Dog is a highly intelligent breed that does best when given a job to do but, at the end of the day, they love nothing more than to spend time with family.
The Spanish Water Dog is a highly intelligent breed that does best when given a job to do.
There are a variety of theories that exist regarding the origins of the Spanish Water Dog, but most theories suggest that the breed has been present in the Iberian Peninsula for many centuries. In Southern Spain, the Spanish Water Dog is known as the "Andalusian Turk" and it is thought to have been brought over with Turkish shepherds. Several populations of the breed have been traced back to various regions in Spain including one in Northern Spain which became known as the Cantabrian Water Dog. The group from the southern Andalusia sierras was the largest group, known for its strength and herding skills. The Spanish Water Dog was revived during the 1970s in Spain and, in 1985, it was finally recognized by the Spanish Kennel Club.
The Spanish Water Dog is an ancient breed whose origins can be traced back to the Iberian Peninsula around 1,100 AD. This breed was historically used for herding and various populations of the breed were combined to create a well-balanced breed with all the desired traits for herding.
The Spanish Water Dog is a mediumto large-sized breed, so it should be offered a dog food that has been formulated to meet the energy requirements of large-breed dogs. Spanish Water Dogs are also a highly active breed so, especially if you intend to train your dog for herding or other dog sports, you may want to consider an active breed formula.
These dogs have strong natural herding and guarding instincts so they do best when given a job to perform.
The Spanish Water Dog is an intelligent breed so it typically responds well to training. These dogs have strong natural herding and guarding instincts so they do best when given a job to perform. This breed can become fairly territorial and protective of family, so early socialization and training is needed to prevent the Spanish Water Dog from becoming wary around strangers. If trained and socialized from an early age, these dogs can get along well with children and household pets.
Related: Portuguese Water Dog
At maturity, the average male Spanish Water Dog stands between 17 and 20 inches tall and weighs 40 to 50 lbs. The female Spanish Water Dog stands about 16 to 18 inches tall and weighs between 30 and 40 lbs. at maturity.
The Spanish Water Dog is a friendly and affectionate breed with family, but it can be somewhat aloof or suspicious around strangers if not properly trained. These dogs enjoy spending time with family and they require a good deal of daily exercise. This breed does not do well when left alone for long periods of time – they require a good bit of human interaction to thrive. These dogs are sometimes referred to as "Velcro dogs" because they tend to stick so close to family. Spanish Water Dogs are best suited to individuals or families who lead an active lifestyle and mental stimulation is incredibly important because they are so intelligent.
Common Health Problems
The Spanish Water Dog is generally a healthy and hardy breed but, like all breeds, it is prone to developing certain health problems. The health concerns most likely to affect the Spanish Water Dog breed include hip dysplasia, allergies, glaucoma, PRA and hypothyroidism. Responsible breeding practices and genetic testing can help to greatly reduce the risk for these and other inherited diseases in the Spanish Water Dog.
The average life expectancy of the Spanish Water Dog is about 14 years.
Because the Spanish Water Dog is a herding breed it has fairly high requirements for exercise. These dogs require at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day plus some active play time, if possible. Training these dogs for herding or other dog sports is a great way to meet both their physical and mental stimulation needs.
The Spanish Water Dog is a friendly and affectionate breed with family, but it can be somewhat aloof or suspicious around strangers if not properly trained.
In 2005 the American Kennel Club (AKC) admitted the Spanish Water Dog into the AKC Foundation Stock Service and, in 2008, it began to compete in the Herding group for dog agility trials. In 2012 the breed was moved to the Miscellaneous group and, as of January 1, 2015, the Spanish Water Dog is now officially recognized by the AKC in the Herding Group.
The Spanish Water Dog has a curly, hypoallergenic coat which, when allowed to grow, forms cords. It is not recommended that you brush or clip the coat of this breed – it is preferred natural. These dogs come in a variety of colors including solid black, grown, white, and beige or any combination of one of these colors with white. The breed standard prohibits tri-colored dogs.
Spanish Water Dog puppies are always born with curly hair and, as they mature, the curly hair starts to form thick cords. Early socialization and training is essential for Spanish Water Dogs because they have a tendency to become aloof around strangers if not properly socialized. This breed can do well around household pets and children if properly socialized while young.
Photo credit: otsphoto/Shutterstock; Life on White/Bigstock.com; Teemu Tretjakov Photography/Bigstock.com

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Monthly Archives: February 2011
Why count salmon? Getting the numbers straight — going back to 1933
Contributions to the Life History of the Sockeye Salmon by Wilbert Clemens 1933
As mentioned last week, I had the good fortune of coming across some pretty old reports on British Columbia Sockeye at a used book store.
This is the cover from the "British Columbia Fisheries Department 1933″ report titled "Contributions to the Life History of the Sockeye Salmon. (Paper 19)" by William A. Clemens. It's reprinted from the:
Report of the British Columbia Commissioner of Fisheries, 1933
These reports review the runs of sockeye on four of BC's large sockeye-producing systems: the Skeena, the Nass, Rivers Inlet, and the Fraser.
The "Introduction" to this 1933 report seems to point to a common issue. In the fifth paragraph it states:
"Introduction" to Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries 1933
The history of the sockeye-fishery on the Fraser River is illustrated in Fig. 1 [below]. The enormous packs of the years 1897, 1901, 1905, 1909, and 1913 are conspicuous. While the calamitous rock-slide in the canyon at and above Hell's Gate in 1913 was a factor in the elimination of this extraordinary cyclic run, it is evident that there has been a steady decline in the runs of the other three cyclic-years, and there is no reason to doubt that overfishing has been a most important factor in the decline of Fraser as a sockeye-producing area in all cycle-years. [my emphasis]
And here's the part of this report I find quite interesting: Figure 1. "Packs of sockeye salmon on the Fraser River from 1895 to 1933, in thousands of cases. The continuous line represents the actual packs and the broken line the trend.
Figure 1. Packs of sockeye salmon on the Fraser River from 1895 to 1933
What this graph shows is that in 1913 there were almost 2.4 million cases of canned sockeye salmon. Approximately 1.7 million of these were done in Washington but still based on Fraser River sockeye.
If you haven't had a chance to read earlier posts on this topic — I recommend: Once upon a salmon… and Somebody get the Fraser sockeye story straight, please…
Those two posts point to a serious discrepancy in the Fraser sockeye story.
The Cohen Commission into declines of Fraser sockeye presented in its earliest material a chart like this one below (i've added the numbers and question marks):
This graph, originally printed in a publication on the Mekong River in Asia, suggests that Fraser Sockeye only numbered about 25 million total run size in 1901 and about 37 million in 1913.
And if you've read all the various news stories from this past summer — many pundits were comparing this past year's Fraser sockeye run to the 1913 run.
But there seems to be a problem…
See a 1902 Fisheries report "Thirty-fifth Annual Report: Department of Marine and Fisheries 1902" states:
… the total pack of Fraser river sockeye for this year [1901] reaches a total of 2,081,554 cases. [as demonstrated in Figure 1 graph from 1933 report above]
Large as this amount is, representing a total of 30,000,000 fish, it could have been largely increased, possibly doubled, had the canneries had capacity enough to have handled all the fish available during the run.
On Fraser river, the canners placed 200 as the maximum number of fish they would guarantee to take from each boat and for 12 days, from 6th to 17th August this limit was enforced. The fishermen could consequently during this period fish only for a short time each day. During the height of the run they dare not put more thati a small length of their net in the water. In some cases nets were sunk and lost from the weight of fish.
_ _ _ _ _ _
And so… if just under 2.1 million cases represent approximately 30,000,000 sockeye canned (a case is 48 lb) and reports suggest another 30 million were available to be canned what does this suggest about total run size? –
And… what does the 2.4 million cases of 1913 represent?
Well… the math would suggest approximately 36 million sockeye were canned in 1913. And, so what was the total run size?
The graph that the Cohen Commission is working with, suggests that we're estimating the 1913 sockeye run solely by what ended out in cans.
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And then, even despite the devastating rock slide, there were still over 500,000 cases of sockeye canned in 1917 [see Fig. 1 graph above from 1933 report] — the next big year of this cycle (1897, 1901, 1905, 1909, 1913…2010). That's still approximately 7,500,000 sockeye: canned.
But I thought that the 1913 run was decimated by the rock slide? — apparently fish still got through, because there was still enough sockeye four years later to can over 7 million — 500,000 48-lb cases.
_ _ _ _ _ _
Could it not maybe be that the main problem is as exactly pointed out in the 1933 report above:
And so if we were being warned of overfishing in the first half of the 1900s, is it all that advisable that we were taking 80% of the total sockeye runs in commercial fisheries from the 1950s on?
Salmon Think Tank
Do we not learn lessons from the past?
How is it that you spell "cod" again?
Oh right… "E" … "X" …"T" … "I" … "N" … "C" … "T" …
(at least commercially, and largely 'functionally' — why?
overfishing and mismanagement and lack of political will and too much bickering).
Why count salmon? trying to get the salmon story straight…
Dr. Suess wisdom
One fish, two fish, red fish, blue fish…
There's some wisdom in this great old rhyme. And for some reason it is also a very popular search term to find this website which leads folks to this post from last year — Why count salmon?. (Whether folks stick around or not is another story…)
As mentioned in that post:
I haven't seen the book in awhile; however, I don't think there were any rhymes about "mark-recapture" sonar hydroacoustical split-beam single-beam DIDSON data capturing salmon counting wonder tools.
See if Suess' fish on the right were captured by one of these techno-gizmos utilized for counting salmon they'd show up as some grainy fuzzy blob resembling a baby ultrasound image.
See that silver streak in the image on the right… that's a sockeye… red and green fish… can't you tell?
If you go to this site (Using Sound Images to Count Salmon in the Fraser River, 2004) you can watch a little movie of this blip going by.
That paper also explains: Why would a fish biologist use an imaging sonar system to count fish?:
…Fisheries managers first allocate a portion of returning sockeye salmon to meet annual escapement goals (the number of fish returning to their home stream to spawn to sustain each stock) and then the remaining fish are allocated to harvesting by First Nations, commercial and recreational fisheries.
Reliable escapement data is a key requirement for effective management of sockeye salmon. Historically, the escapement of sockeye salmon stocks for which pre-season forecasts predict more than 25,000 fish will be returning is measured using a mark-recapture program (MRP).
These programs involve capturing and marking returning salmon below their spawning grounds and then constant monitoring of the spawning grounds to determine the ratio of marked to unmarked fish. Knowing the ratio of marked to unmarked fish recaptured and the total number of fish that were marked downstream, the number of fish that return can be estimated.
As a result of stock-rebuilding efforts that were initiated in 1987, the number of stocks exceeding the 25,000 fish criterion (changed to 75,000 fish in 2004) has increased, placing considerable pressure on the resources available for assessing sockeye salmon stocks in the Fraser River. A mark-recapture estimate requires a large field crew and since sockeye salmon begin returning to their streams in July and may not finish spawning until late November or early December, these programs are both labour-intensive and costly to operate. [my emphasis]
_ _ _ _ _
Hmmm. So let's recap:
Reliable data is a key requirement of effective management… mark recapture studies are labour intensive… we are still "estimating" regardless of method… AND we have changed the threshold of what runs are considered important enough to try and enumerate — it was 25,000 but now it's 75,000.
Does this then mean that we are only concerned about the larger runs and are focusing less and less on the smaller runs — those smaller runs which are the key components of biodiversity?
And… now our data is actually less reliable because between 1987 and 2004 we were trying to collect data on all runs larger than 25,000. After 2004, it's now only runs greater than


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Tuesday 9th February 2010 saw the launch of Ofgem's new Green Energy Label scheme, which will help consumers identify the true "green" energy tariffs offered by suppliers.
The new "green energy certified" label implemented by Ofgem means that energy suppliers will need to prove that their "green tariffs" provide more than the basic requirements and are delivering environmental benefits. This will be recognised by the tariff having the "green energy certified" label, meaning that the tariff has been certified under the new scheme.
The new scheme will mean that there is less confusion over these "green tariffs" and give the customers more information on what the environmental benefits are and offer more transparency over the suppliers that are actually producing more environmentally friendly tariffs, rather than just providing their existing government requirement obligations.
Concerns began when energy suppliers started labelling tariffs green, when really they were just meeting their existing obligations required by all energy companies enforced by the government.
This scheme reassures customers that if they choose a green electricity tariff, usually a more expensive option, that they will be supporting a supplier that has proven that they are helping to reduce carbon emissions.
Under the new scheme suppliers must now take extra steps to prove and demonstrate to an independent panel that their "green tariffs" are actually in addition to their existing requirements set by the government and result in a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to a minimum threshold.
The Green Energy Certification Scheme guarantees the following three things if a tariff has been certified under the new scheme:
The following gas and electricity tariffs have been certified with the new green energy scheme label.
To compare green energy tariffs, start a comparison and on the results screen click on the 'green' tab


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icipe MLN research recognised
9 – 13 May 2016, Praque, Czech Republic – icipe's research on the use of satellite data to map the severity of maize lethal necrosis (MLN) in Kenya earned significant recognition at the 2016 European Space Agency (ESA) Living Planet Symposium.
A paper titled: Mapping maize lethal necrosis severity in Kenya using multi-spectral high to moderate resolution satellite imagery, presented by Richard Kyalo et al.,was selected as the most innovative out of more than 1500 oral paper presentations made at the Symposium. Richard is a PhD Candidate in the icipe Geo-Information Unit.
The paper presented findings of the research, which show the possibility of using time-series and multi-sensor satellite data (with permissible spatial resolutions) to monitor the spatial distribution of MLN disease infestation rates in small scale farms in western Kenya. Satellite data on MLN severity could complement field efforts and lead to more synoptic and wide-area information on where intervention efforts need to be prioritised. If MLN severity maps are combined with other crop productivity constraints information data feeds (such as droughts and soil fertility), decision making in regard to farmers' risks and ultimately food security can be significantly improved.
This research is funded through a small grant from the Advisory Service on Agricultural Research for Development (BEAF), run by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH.The Remote Sensing Department of the University of Wuerzburg, in cooperation with the German Aerospace Centre (DLR), was the German collaborator in this project.


medicinal properties of the golden mustache
Traditional healers know firsthand aboutUse for the treatment of various diseases such herbs as golden mustache. What is so useful for this plant? Where does it come from? From what will help? A kind of golden mustache, he's a fragrant calligraphy, a venene of hair, a homemade ginseng, from Mexico and the countries of the subtropical belt. Initially, the plant was interested as decorative due to the length of 1.5-2 m, vertical leaves and the so-called whiskers - lilac shoots at the ends of the leaves. Scientists of different countries are still studying the healing properties of the golden mustache. It was even approved as the basis for some medications. And now let's consider what is so useful in terms of collision.
Flower golden mustache: medicinal properties
The plant is appreciated thanks to the juice that containsmass of active substances and minerals: flavonoids, steroids. This composition allows the golden mustache to fight with cancer, and stop uterine bleeding. The juice of the plant promotes the treatment of allergies, hemorrhoids, diatheses, scarlet fever and hypertension. The healing properties of the golden mustache are caused by the content of such a substance as kaempferol. It promotes the excretion of sodium salts from the body, and also strengthens the capillaries and exerts a tonic effect.
golden mustache medicinal properties review
Vitamin D, steroid hormones and bile acidsgive antibacterial and antitumor effect, they are used for metabolic disorders, with prostatitis, as well as for endocrine system diseases. The plant is rich in such essential substances as nickel, chromium, copper and iron. Used to prevent anemia, low hemoglobin, heart disease. It leads to a normal level of sugar in the body, and also to some extent replaces insulin. It is necessary at the time of plant treatment to give up alcohol, smoking and drinking juices: so the healing properties of a golden mustache will have a stronger effect on the human body.
Methods of application
flower gold ux healing properties
For medicinal purposes the golden mustache is used in the form ofinfusions, emulsions, extracts, ointments, decoctions, fresh or settled juice. Medicines based on it can be used internally in combination with other products if the patient can not use these medications separately (honey, infusion of mint or sugar), and externally. For external use, tincture on alcohol or crushed leaves. The healing properties of the golden mustache help to renew skin cells, stimulate regeneration processes. The plant will help to get rid of freckles, age spots, and also give the skin firmness and healthy appearance. Suitable for all skin types: for both sensitive and oily skin. In folk medicine, there are facts when patients get rid of psoriasis, ulcers and other skin diseases, using a golden mustache.
Healing properties: reviews
Positive statements about usefulproperties of this miracle plant once again prove all its value. Golden must have a beneficial effect on virtually all body systems: nervous, digestive, circulatory, etc. The list of useful properties of this plant can be continued very, very long. A real panacea for all diseases! Quickly get a golden mustache!
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Let $G$ = $\mathbb{Z_n}$ and let $A$ = $\ell^1(G)$ with convolution, over $\mathbb{C}$. Let $A_{\mathbb{R}}$ denote the subring of real valued functions in $A$, so $A_{\mathbb{R}}$ is an algebra over $\mathbb{R}$.
I'm being asked to find the maximal ideals of $A_{\mathbb{R}}$, their dimensions, and the corresponding quotient fields.
I've found that $m$ = {$f \in A_{\mathbb{R}}$ : $\sum_{m=0}^{n-1} f([m])$ = 0} is a maximal ideal of dimension n-1 with corresponding quotient field $\mathbb{R}$. I also know that $m$ isn't the only the maximal ideal as the function which takes 1 on every element of G is not invertible and isn't in $m$. I don't really know where to go with this problem. I spent a fair bit of time trying to determine the invertibility of sums of delta functions, which seemed to depend on the parity of n, but that didn't lead anywhere. I'm way up the river on this, and any pointers in the right direction would be helpful.
For context, the previous two parts of the problem were to determine the maximal ideal space of $A$ and whether or not the Gelfand transform of $A$ was isometric.
Edit: With the help of the suggestions below, I've been able to identify a number of maximal ideals of $A_\mathbb{R}$. Namely, $\mathfrak{m} \cap A_\mathbb{R}$, where $\mathfrak{m}$ is a maximal ideal in $A$. I want to say that these are the only maximal ideals of $A_\mathbb{R}$ (or at least I think I do), but I am unsure as to how to approach this.
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Via the Fourier transform, this convolution algebra is isomorphic to the algebra of functions on $G$ with pointwise addition and multiplication. From this point of view, some other surjective maps onto $\mathbb{R}$ are easier to see: the projections onto each coordinate. So there are these $n$ maximal ideals plus the one you found. I don't know how to find them all though. – Ted Oct 2 '11 at 3:39
Hmmm, the Fourier transform will end up taking values in $\mathbb{C}$, not $\mathbb{R}$. So I'm not so sure about the above comment. But I'll leave it there in case it's useful. – Ted Oct 2 '11 at 3:43
Here's some progress: The Fourier transform is given by $F(\chi) = \sum_{g \in G} f(g) \overline{\chi(g)}$ for $\chi \in G^*$. In general, this is $\mathbb{C}$-valued. But if $\chi$ is the trivial character, this projection $F \mapsto F(\chi)$ is real-valued, and corresponds to the maximal ideal you already found. And if $n$ is even, there is a non-trivial character onto $\{1,-1\}$ which gives you another maximal ideal. – Ted Oct 2 '11 at 4:32
Hi Ted. Thanks for your input. What you've mentioned so far fits in with what I've been thinking i.e. trying to salvage some of the theory from the complex case. I've considered simply taking the intersection of a maximal ideal in $A$ with $A_\mathbb{R}$ but I don't believe that this will be maximal in general. – Grasshopper Oct 2 '11 at 4:53
Dear Grasshopper, Let $\mathfrak m$ be a maximal ideal in $A$. What is the quotient $A/\mathfrak m$? Now consider the quotient $A_{\mathbb R}/\mathfrak m \cap A_{\mathbb R}$. What are the possibilities for this quotient? Regards, – Matt E Oct 2 '11 at 5:50
1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Note that $f \in A_{\mathbb R}$ iff $\hat{f}(\overline{\alpha}) = \overline{\hat{f}(\alpha)}$ for all $\alpha$. If $M_\alpha$ is the maximal ideal $\{f: \hat{f}(\alpha) = 0\}$ of $A$, then $M_{\alpha} \cap A_{\mathbb R} = M_{\overline{\alpha}} \cap A_{\mathbb R}$. For any $\alpha$, there is $h_\alpha \in A_{\mathbb R}$ such that $\widehat{h_\alpha}(\alpha) = \widehat{h_\alpha}(\bar{\alpha}) = 1$ and $\widehat{h_\alpha}(g) = 0$ for all other $g$.
Use this to show that $M_\alpha \cap A_{\mathbb R}$ is a maximal ideal in $A_{\mathbb R}$.
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Your suggestions look good but I haven't been able to work through them yet. – Grasshopper Oct 2 '11 at 7:40
I decided to take one more look at the problem before I went to sleep and I think I've got it now. The map from $A_\mathbb{R}$ to $\mathbb{C}$ given by $f \mapsto \sum_{g\in G} f(g)\alpha(g)$ is an $\mathbb{R}$-algebra homomorphism. The function $h_\alpha$ that you mentioned ensures that the range of this map is either $\mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{C}$. In either case, the range is a field and so the kernel is a maximal ideal. Is this what you had in mind? I don't know how to show that this construction gives us every maximal ideal of $A_\mathbb{R}$, but maybe that'll be easier in the morning. – Grasshopper Oct 2 '11 at 8:14
Is it the case that every maximal ideal of $A_\mathbb{R}$ is of this form? I tried assuming there is a maximal ideal that isn't equal to any of the $M_\alpha \cap A_\mathbb{R}$ but I'm getting nowhere with that. – Grasshopper Oct 2 '11 at 23:43
_USER_: To prove that you've found all maximal ideals, it's much easier to work in the Fourier-transformed space (with pointwise addition and multiplication) than the original space. First, figure out how to prove the complex equivalent: every maximal ideal of $A$ is one of the $M_{\alpha}$. Then adapt this proof for the real case. – Ted Oct 3 '11 at 5:28
_USER_: I am unfamiliar with the Fourier-transformed space that you are referring to. I know that the $M_\alpha$ are the only maximal ideals of $A$ via the identification of the maximal ideals with the maximal ideal space. – Grasshopper Oct 3 '11 at 6:28
Your Answer


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A special "Thank You" to those who attended "A Taste of Ethiopia," January 26, 2020.
The Corvallis Sister Cities Association-Gondar Council is so thankful to the many friends and members who attended this recent Sunday evening. Your many years of continuous support have made it possible to continue the work in our sister city, Gondar, Ethiopia. In addition, a special acknowledgement also goes out to the many student volunteers who helped serve our guests during this evening of friendships, food and culture. Lastly, a standing ovation goes out to our two cooks, Yodit "Judy" Tadesse and Ligaya DiCosino.
Our Current Mission:
Citizens and city officials from both Corvallis and Gondar have worked jointly to identify mutual goals, which have formed the basis for the Corvallis Sister Cities Association-Gondar's (CSCA-Gondar) work plan. To date, efforts have focused on the following:
- Access to clean drinking water through drilling of wells.
- Restoration and rehabilitation of Gondar's watershed area with extensive tree planting.
- Establishment of a revolving loan program in a rural kebele to provide more opportunities for income generation by the residents.
- Development of a culture of readers with partial funding in a 3-year librarian and literacy training program serving 46 schools in Gondar.
- Improvement in children's learning through usage of classroom materials and professional development of teachers.
- Computer literacy for faculty and students with the creation of a computer classroom, installation of computers, and internet access.
We invite you to learn more about our activities and to become involved with our efforts!
Our Most Recent Work:


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|The German Huguenot Museum in Bad Karlshafen|
History - 1. How the Huguenots got their name
1. How the Huguenots got their name
The term "Huguenot" is usually said to be derived from the German word "Eidgenossen" (eiguenot - confederates). In 1520 in Geneva the word was used to designate the early adherents of the Reformation, and later the followers of John Calvin.
Term of abuse for conspirators
In France the word "Huguenot" first appeared as a term of abuse in a letter written in Périgueux (in Guyenne) in 1551. The iconoclasts were described as "this vile race of Huguenots".
The derogatory word Huguenot was also applied to the Protestants in the area of Tours on the Loire, when in 1500 the Catholic party led by the Guise family claimed that the Huguenots had conspired to abduct the young king Francis II from his castle in Amboise.
A ghost called Hugo
Hugues Capet (941-996)
A contributory factor for the appearance of this term may have been a legend related in the town of Tours on the Loire. Legend had it that the ghost of the French king Hugo Capet flied (?) through the streets at night in the vicinity of the Hugo Gate.
As the Protestants held their services in secret at night, the townspeople called them "little Hugos" conspiring against the state and the Catholic Church.
An honourable name for French Protestants
Whatever is origin, from 1560 on "Huguenot" was the word used to designate the Protestants of France.
In the course of time the word "Huguenot" gradually lost its negative connotations and became an honourable name.
© The German Huguenot Museum 2021


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There are approximately 21 types of cockatoos that are spread over many regions in the world. Let us know particularly about the regions they choose for living.
A detailed explanation on the places at which each type of cockatoos inhabit is given in the table below:
|Types Of Cockatoos||Places where they live|
|1. Baudin's Black Cockatoo||They are found in dense forest regions like the southwest like Jarrah, Marri, and Karri.|
|2. Blue-eyed Cockatoo||These types of birds are located in the lowland forests of New Britain, east of New Guinea.|
|3. Carnaby's Black Cockatoo||They are endemic to Kalbarri in the north to Esperance in the south-east of Australia.|
|4. Cockatiel||These cockatoos are native to the country of Australia.|
|5. Ducorp's Cockatoo||They are abundant in Solomon islands.|
|6. Galah Cockatoo||These birds inhabit the woodlands, grasslands of Australia.|
|7. Gang-gang Cockatoo||This cockatoo ranges from southern Victoria through south and central New South Wales.|
|8. Glossy Black Cockatoo||These cockatoos are found in coastal woodlands and dry forest regions of New South Wales.|
|9. Goffin's Cockatoo||This bird is restricted to Banda Sea Islands of Yamdena and Tanimbar of Indonesia.|
|10. Little Corella||Their habitat ranges from arid deserted regions of central Australia to east-coast plains.|
|11. Major Mitchell's Cockatoo||They are types of cockatoos, which can be located in the arid and semi-arid zones of Australia.|
|12. Moluccan Cockatoo||They are native to the lowland forests of south Moluccas and eastern Indonesia.|
|13. Palm Cockatoo||They live in northern Queensland, Australia, and New Guinea.|
|14. Red-tailed Black Cockatoo||They majorly located in drier parts of Australia, like Eucalyptus forests or woodlands.|
|15. Red-vented Corella||They are restricted to Philippines.|
|16. Slender-billed Corella||These birds are native to Australia.|
|17. Sulphur-crested Cockatoo||This breed of cockatoo is widespread throughout north, east, and south-east Australia.|
|18. Western Corella||This bird is restricted to southwestern Australia.|
|19. White-crested Cockatoo||They are seen in open woodland and tropical forests of Indonesia.|
|20. Yellow-crested Cockatoo||They are found in islands of Indonesia.|
|21. Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo||These cockatoos are located in southeastern Australia including island of Tasmania and also Kangaroo Island.|
Cockatoos are found to live in several variations of forested habitats, from eucalyptus groves to pine forests and rainforests as well, and are majorly located in Australia and the smaller island nations, especially northeast regions. There are certain places in the wild they choose to live. We can learn more about it in the rest of the article.
Where Do Cockatoos Live In The Wild?
Cockatoos belong to the most well-known and favorable members of the parrot family due to their attractive crest and intelligence. Let us know the places they choose in the wild.
Cockatoos live in all types of forested areas in the wild. They expand out into pine woods and rainforests from eucalyptus groves. To graze on grass seeds, they can also dwell in mangroves, open country, and the lower slopes of mountains.
Cockatoos make use of mangroves, woods, eucalyptus groves, scrublands, rainforests, and open ground. In the rest of the article, we can see where they choose to live in certain forest areas.
Where Do Cockatoos Live In Rainforest
Several cockatoo species like glossy black and some others choose rainforests to live in. Let us find out the specific locations of the rainforest, a cockatoo chooses mostly.
Cockatoos are mainly located in the tree top layer in the rainforests. They have a fascinating life by flapping around in the forest's uppermost layers. They are stunning birds that are easily recognized by everyone for their colorful, vibrant plumage and unique mannerisms.
Cockatoos are often seen in urban areas, but they prefer the long edges of tropical and subtropical rainforests.
Cockatoos come in 21 different species, all of which may be identified by their flashy crests and curved beak. In Australia, cockatoos are the most common. Cockatoos are also located in Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, along with the Philippines and some other islands in addition to Australia.


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define the fundamental properties
of a surface. There are material types with just plain
opaque properties, some with a metallic look, transparent
and refractive ones and a few unusual ones for modelling
fog and smoke, true mirrors, as well as some other speciality
The luminous material types are used to define light sources.
There can be no light source without geometry elements to
act as emitting surface.
The material types of the plastic
are used to model standard opaque surfaces
that reflect direct light as uncolored highlights.
The material types of the metal
are used to model opaque surfaces
where specular highlights are modified with the
The material types of the trans
are used to model transparent or translucent surfaces without
This group handles light refraction on the boundaries
of transparent materials, or thin panes of such materials,
and the transmissivity within the respective objects.
material is mainly used when surfaces
need to produce secondary source reflecions from direct light.
is a virtual material, that allows to
cut "holes" into objects.
Volumes of participating atmosphere (clouds, fog, smoke)
can be modeled by using the mist
This material type can't be edited with this release
The two prism
material types are used to model
general light redirection from prismatic glazings.
is the most general material type.
It allows to specify spectrally-dependent specular behaviour
and reflectance and transmittance distribution functions


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Years: 1821 - 1913
Historian, philologist, researcher of history of Galicia, UGCC priest, was one of the Western Ukrainian Russophiles. He was born in the village Dobriany in Lviv region. Studied at Lviv University and Greek Catholic Teological Seminary. In 1847 he was ordained as priest. He was a private secretary to metropolitan Mykhailo Levytskyi. Firstly he focused his mind mostly on the researches about the history of church in Galicia. Later on Petrushevych explored Slavic philology, ethnography, study of archaeological sites and archivalrarities. In 1848 he leaded the historical section at the Synod of Ruthenian scientists. Collecting books and printed anciently books was one of his favourite activity. Even while serving as the ambassador of Austrian parliamentin Vienna, all his money he spent for buying books.
Where to Stay Where to Eat Entertainments Museums Galleries Sacred Buildings Theatres Cinemas
Left Luggage Facilities Mobile applications Wi Fi Spots Useful Links Tourist Advice QR-codes in Lviv Embassies Transport Connection First Aid Emergency and Other Useful Information


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Have a look at this Levitating Rotating Globe that Alexey Sha built. Not content with the standard levitating products out there he decided to step it up a notch.
"There are many globes available today which are levitating and rotating along vertical axis. This one is the world first globe levitating and rotating along TILTED axis. It uses wireless power transmittance and geared motor inside the floating globe. In brief, frequency generator is built around micro controller, a square wave output is directed to MOSFET which drives primary coil (10 turns) of output circuit. Secondary coil forms parallel LC circuit (20 turns and 25 nF) and serves as transmitting antenna. Generator frequency can be manually tuned around resonant value to control speed of rotation.
Receiver coil is a parallel LC circuit (~2.5 nF and ~60 turns of wire). It is connected to rectifier bridge. DC geared motor (made of micro servo, modified for continuous rotation) is powered by inductive resonant coupling. Receiving coil, electrical components, and tilted motor are fixed on the floating base. Their locations are adjusted to maintain center of gravity. The globe's outer shell is directly attached to the motor shaft."
Viagra drug to impotence dysfunction, side drug interactions viagra. Sildenafil is to erectile inability get keep in...


Adapter
The Adapter is a junction box to expand the 25-pin connector on the Controller to multiple signal sources.
It also contains the RF receiver and some signal conditioning. It includes these:
1. The pigtail from the Controller′s 25-pin connector is wired to an Interconnect Board. This contains the following:
 * Resistors to common for most analog inputs because their sources are op-amps which are not rail-to-rail.
 * A circuit for the line monitoring function which converts a wide range of AC and DC inputs to an acceptable logic input to the processor in the Controller.
 * A triple filter and 4:1 attenuator for the Auxiliary DC measuring input.
 * Headers for each input source, plus a spare.
2. A pigtail with a 5.5 x 2.1 plug providing 4.7 V to the Driveway Patrol Receiver. It is connected to a circuit board which not only contains the regulator but also detects the current surge when it sounds an alarm. This produces an open-collector logic output. Since this device sounds 3 beeps, multiple event messages result.
3. The RF receiver is another circuit board. Its design is similar to the Flower Receiver, but adds a comparator to buffer the high-impedance interrupt output.
Here are photographs
Here are the circuit diagrams


font QML Basic Type
The most commonly used properties are:
If both pointSize and a pixelSize are specified, pixelSize will be used.
The following properties are also available:
Text { "Helvetica"; font.pointSize: 13; font.bold: true }
When integrating with C++, note that any QFont value passed into QML from C++ is automatically converted into a font value, and vice-versa.
This basic type is provided by the QtQuick import.
Font weighting is classified on a scale from 0 to 99, where a weight of 0 is ultralight, and 99 is extremely black. The following values are supported:
Capitalization supports the following values:
Font.MixedCaseNo capitalization change is applied.
Font.AllUppercaseAlters the text to be rendered in all uppercase type.
Font.AllLowercaseAlters the text to be rendered in all lowercase type.
Font.SmallCapsAlters the text to be rendered in small-caps type.
Font.CapitalizeAlters the text to be rendered with the first character of each word as an uppercase character.
Setting the hinting preference only has an effect when using the "NativeRendering" render type. The property supports the following values:
Font.PreferDefaultHinting - Use the default hinting level for the target platform.
Font.PreferNoHinting - If possible, render text without hinting the outlines of the glyphs.
Font.PreferVerticalHinting - If possible, render text with no horizontal hinting, but align glyphs to the pixel grid in the vertical direction.
Font.PreferFullHinting - If possible, render text with hinting in both horizontal and vertical directions.
See also QML Basic Types.


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Join us for an opportunity to network with teachers and local STEM Ambassadors and discuss how you can work together to make STEM subjects come to life!
All STEMNetworking events will take place from 4pm to 6pm and dates include:
St Mary's Catholic High School
Four students from St Mary's Catholic High School in Chesterfield have recently achieved the British Science Association's CREST Gold Award - a project based awards scheme for the STEM subjects - for their project 'detecting surges in test engine data'.
William Allitt School celebrated the achievements of students that have taken part in the CREST awards at an event at the school last week. CREST is a project based awards scheme, which is part of the British Science Association's STEM enrichment activities.


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Verification of greenhouse gases "Angrensor Energo" LLP
Project descriptionIn 2019, Green Bridge LLP, an accredited greenhouse gas verification body, verified greenhouse gas documents for Angrensor Energo LLP. The plant is included in the National Quota Allocation Plan for 2018-2020, accounting for GHG emissions is based on specific greenhouse gas emission factors.
The main activity of the enterprise is open pit coal mining at the Ekibastuz open pit.
Sources of GHG emissions are open pit coal mining, internal overburden extraction and storage, endogenous self-heating boilers, gas cutting.
In accordance with the verification carried out, the GHG assertion was recognized as reliable and made in accordance with the requirements of relevant international standards for the quantification of GHG emissions, their monitoring and reporting, as well as in accordance with national standards and current practice.


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The manufacturer calls the first Leo Artec handheld 3D scanner with artificial intelligence
The Artec 3D specializing in 3D scanners and software for them, presented a model Artec Leo. According to the manufacturer, this is the first of its kind device that can read information about three-dimensional structure of objects at speeds up to 80 fps.
An important feature of Artec Leo is the possibility of Autonomous selection and processing of data without the use of a tablet or computer. The basis of this feature, firmware was the Autopilot feature, which debuted last year in the corporate package Artec Studio 11. A feature that uses artificial intelligence technology, allows to transform the original scan data into high-quality 3D models.
Scanner combined with the camera's visible range and has a touch display where you can observe the process of digitizing real-time, making the scanning process simple and intuitive. The scan resolution is 0.25 mm, the accuracy of determining the position of points is 0.1 mm. the Scanner has an internal battery and are equipped with wired and wireless network connections.
According to the manufacturer, Artec Leo will find application in industrial production, health, science, education, design and architecture. It remains to add that the scanner module is used Nvidia Jetson TX1.
Source: Artec 3D


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How Do I Program the Honeywell 5806W3 to the 2GIG GC3?
You can program the Honeywell 5806W3 to the 2GIG GC3 by opening the wireless zones menu for the GC3, putting the system into its learn mode and then activating the device's test switch. The settings for the Honeywell 5806W3 should then be configured so that it functions properly.
The Honeywell 5806W3 is a wireless smoke detector that uses a photoelectric sensor to detect the presence of smoke. Unlike its big brother, the 5808W3, the 5806W3 does not provide detection for heat or low temperatures.
Complete the following steps to program the Honeywell 5806W3 to the 2GIG GC3:
1. Open wireless zones. Begin from the main screen on the 2GIG GC3 Security Panel. Press the 2GIG logo in the upper-right corner of the screen. Provide the system's Installer Code to continue (the default code is 1561). Choose System Configuration, then Wireless Zones. This will open the Wireless Zones Menu.
2. Choose a zone. Locate an available zone on the left side of the screen. Click on the zone to highlight it. Then click the "Edit Zone" button to configure the settings for that zone. The following menu will allow the user to program and configure the sensor.
3. Program the 5806W3. Choose the following settings for the zone:
- Sensor Type: Set either "09 - 24-Hour Fire" or "16 - 24-Hour Fire Verification". These are the same setting, except 16 will require that the device is activated a second time after 30 seconds have passed before an alarm will occur. The 09 setting will have an immediate alarm occur when the sensor is activated.
- Equipment Code: The 5806W3 is not listed in the 2GIG GC3 Equipment codes. Instead, choose "0859 - HW Smoke 5808W3". This will allow the 5806W3 to function as normal with the 2GIG GC3.
- Serial Number: Click the Learn button in the lower-right corner of the keypad on the screen. Then use a paper clip or other thin object to activate the test button on the 5806W3 Smoke Detector. The GC3 System should recognize the device and enroll it.
- Equipment Age: This has no affect on the operation of the 5806W3. Choose "New" if the device is being used for the first time. Choose "Existing" if the device was previously used with a different alarm system.
- Loop Number: Choose Loop 1.
- Transmission Delay: Set the transmission delay to "Disabled" so that the system sends an alert to Alarm.com immediately after the device has been activated.
- Voice Descriptors: Choose a name that will allow you to quickly identify the 5806W3. Some examples of good names include "Bedroom Smoke", "Hallway Smoke" or "Living Room Smoke".
- Sensor Reports and Supervision: Set these options to "Enabled".
- Sensor Chime. The chime option should be "Disabled", as the alarm will sound once the 5806W3 has been activated.
4. Save the changes. After adjusting the settings, press the "Return to System Configuration" button at the top of the screen. Then press the back arrow on the left, followed by "Save" to confirm all of the changes. The GC3 System will then complete the enrollment process for the 5806W3.
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This definition will make a series of rectangular cells move in the z-direction and scale based on their distance from point attractors. Finally, they will loft together to form the modules.
By using the "Spatial Deform (Custom)" component you can deform a freeform surface. You have to define a space syntax of points and forces. First, give the moving points and related forces to the space syntax and then define some points which are fixed and have no movement.
The Splop component Wraps geometry onto a surface. Basically, you can distribute a geometry on a surface by using the Splop component. The Geometry will not be deformed as it is transformed if You activate the Rigid option.
In this exercise file, you can learn how to scale a series of boxes by using the range and graph mapper to produce a non-linear distribution.
In this grasshopper definition a way of creating a desired number of arcs will be demonstrated using the 3 point arc component. In order to do so, 3 sets of points will be required. One set is only one point in the center which all arcs are connected to.
In this definition by using a parametric helix and modeling a series of triangles on the path you can make spiral spikes. You can also change the graphs to get different results.
In this grasshopper definition, by defining a planar module and mirroring it by one of the module's edge as the mirror plane, you can create aggregation model from this recursive loop.
In this grasshopper definition by choosing a random point inside a rectangle and creating a loop which constantly cuts the rectangle from a point vertically and horizontally you can have a parametric subdivided model.
In this grasshopper definition first we scatter a series of random points inside a brep and then generate random vectors to cut the brep with the related planes. Finally you can move the pieces away from each other.
In this grasshopper definition by training a neural network using boundary curves (representing a function in an urban scale) you can use it to recognize the function of any given closed curve.
In this grasshopper definition by using the lunchbox plugin you can convert a csv file into a pie chart
In this grasshopper example file you can define a sphere and use the TSP(travelling salesman problem) component from the Leafvein plugin as a space filling algorithm.


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- 1 How do you know when a Peruvian avocado is ripe?
- 2 How do you know when Hass avocados are ready to pick?
- 3 Are avocados from Peru safe to eat?
- 4 Are Hass avocados from Peru?
- 5 What Peruvians call avocados?
- 6 Should you refrigerate avocados?
- 7 How many times a year does an avocado tree bear fruit?
- 8 How long do Hass avocados take to mature?
- 9 Does it take 9 months to grow an avocado?
- 10 Where are avocados grown in Peru?
- 11 What percentage of avocados come from Mexico?
- 12 Does Peru grow avocados?
- 13 What is a giant avocado?
- 14 What is avocado in India?
- 15 Does Mexico grow avocados?
How do you know when a Peruvian avocado is ripe?
TIP: The best way to tell if your avocado is ripe is by feel. TIP: If your avocados aren't quite ripe enough to eat, simply place them in a paper bag with another fruit like a banana or apple. Place the bag near a window and the fruit gasses will ripen the avocado.
How do you know when Hass avocados are ready to pick?
Internally, the seed coat turns from ivory to dark brown upon maturity. To determine fruit maturity, pick one of the larger fruits and keep it at room temperature until it softens. It is mature if it softens to good consistency, is not tough and leathery or bitter, does not shrink or shrivel, and is good to eat.
Are avocados from Peru safe to eat?
Washington, DC May 17, 2017— Following the 2016 USDA announcement claiming Hass Avocados are a "healthy" food, the AHA has now granted the Peruvian Avocado Commission certification rights to the Heart-Check mark for its marketing promotions and campaigns.
Are Hass avocados from Peru?
While both the imported Mexican and Peruvian avocados are Hass varieties, there are crucial differences in the climate in which these avocados are grown. In Peru, avocados are grown in an arid climate with the help of intensive irrigation infrastructure.
What Peruvians call avocados?
Palta is one of the most common names to call avocado in Spanish. They call it palta in Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina.
Should you refrigerate avocados?
Avoid avocados that feel mushy or have dents and dips in the skin. Once ripe, eat the avocado in the next day or two, or store it whole and uncut in the refrigerator for up to three days. Cold slows down ripening, so don't buy unripe avocados and put them in the refrigerator. They won't ripen properly, if at all.
How many times a year does an avocado tree bear fruit?
How many fruit will a mature tree produce in one year? It is possible for an avocado tree to produce 200 to 300 fruit per tree once it is about 5-7 years of age. The avocado tree, however, alternates bearing. This means that the tree may produce a large crop one year, and then produce a small crop the following year.
How long do Hass avocados take to mature?
Hass avocado trees will start producing fruit in roughly five years. The avocados will not begin to ripen until you pluck them from the tree, so leave them hanging until you need them.
Does it take 9 months to grow an avocado?
Two Crops of Avocados Yep, that also means it takes an avocado 12-18 months to grow and become ready to eat. The avocados you see at the grocery store or farmers' market took 12-18 months to grow and mature. It's no wonder they're so delicious – they're similar to a nice, maturing wine or tasty aged steak.
Where are avocados grown in Peru?
Growing Conditions Our Peruvian avocados enjoy a Mediterranean climate and are grown along picturesque beaches in the highlands off the northern coast and central desert regions.
What percentage of avocados come from Mexico?
Mexico supplies 45 percent of the international avocado market. Of the 57 avocado producing countries, the other major producers are Dominican Republic, Peru, Colombia, and Indonesia in that order.
Does Peru grow avocados?
Peru's avocado crop for the 2021 calendar year is estimated at 560,000 tons. Peru grows mainly two types of avocados. Most avocado farms can be found along Peru's desert coast. Larger producers use water from the Andes via federal water channels.
What is a giant avocado?
The giant avocado, dubbed the "avozilla" – which has been making the rounds on social media – can weigh anywhere between 800 grams to 1.3 kilograms. By comparison, a regular Hass avocado weighs around 170 grams.
What is avocado in India?
In India, avocado is not a commercial fruit crop. It was introduced from Sri Lanka in the early part of the twentieth century. In a very limited scale and in a scattered way it is grown in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, Karnataka in the south-central India and in the eastern Himalayan state of Sikkim.
Does Mexico grow avocados?
National production has grown 8% annually since 2009; the country produced 2.2 million tons of avocados in 2018 alone. Although the majority of Mexico's avocados come from the state of Michoacán, the avocado boom is now pushing into other regions – a move that may threaten the country's forests.


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Lydia Flood Jackson: 1862 - 1963 in Oakland, CA
Lydia Flood Jackson was a successful entrepreneur, inventor of cosmetics and perfumes, civil rights activist, and suffragist. Her parents were some of the earliest African Americans to settle in California. Her father, Isaac Flood, was a leader in the California Colored Convention Movement, which challenged California segregation laws. Her mother, Elizabeth Thorn Scott, was a teacher and is recognized as the founder of the first public school for African American children in Sacramento (1854) and later in Oakland (1857). As a result of Isaac Flood's successful activism against segregation, Lydia Flood Jackson was the first black student to attend an integrated public school in Oakland, John Swett School.
As a political activist, Jackson traveled to the West Indies, South America, and Mexico, giving speeches promoting democracy and women's rights. She encouraged women to challenge gender stereotypes that limited them from achieving their full potential.
In addition to her more than forty years of membership in the Native Daughters Club and the Fannie Jackson Coppin Club in Oakland, Jackson was a legislative leader in the California Federation of Colored Women's Clubs. As a member and leader of these organizations, Jackson inspired women to demand suffrage. In a speech to the 1918 Federation convention, she stated that "Suffrage stands out as one of the component factors of Democracy."
On her 100th birthday in 1962, the City of Oakland honored Lydia Flood Jackson for her contributions to bettering the community. She died the following year.
Read about more women like Lydia! They are listed on our webpage at _URL_


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Donation funds organic garden at Seaside Day Camp
The city of Encinitas Parks and Recreation Department received a $1,500 donation from Healthy Day Partners to fund the initial start-up for an organic garden as part of the Seaside Day Camp. The goal of this project is to create a small organic garden at Glen Park Scout House to educate day camp students about urban agriculture, nutritional sciences and the benefits of eating farm-to-fork. The garden will also eventually provide fresh organic edibles for camp snacks that the students themselves helped grow.
The donation provided by Healthy Day Partners, a local nonprofit that supports programs that engage students through school gardens, wellness and environmental education, is being used to fund the initial start-up of the small garden. The donation was used to cover the costs of garden planter boxes, organic soil, seeds and starter plants. Healthy Day Partners hosted an educational session at the camp on June 22 and taught campers how to plant organic plants and keep the garden healthy. Campers were able to get their hands into the soil, dig holes and place the individual plants in them. Glen Park is the City of Encinitas's first organically managed park.
"The community garden fits well with our community heritage and will be a great resource for the children of our community," said Jim O'Grady, Encinitas' interium director of parks and recreation. "We know children learn most when they're engaged and having fun. Through hands-on interaction, the garden will allow the next generation of Encinitas residents to learn lifelong lessons about agriculture and the food they eat. We thank Healthy Day Partners for their support on this."
Healthy Day Partners was founded by Mim Michelove and Camille Sowinski to promote community health by assisting schools, school districts and the greater community with environmental and wellness education programs. These efforts include providing guidance on school gardens and farms; waste reduction best practices, composting efforts and resource conservation initiatives.
"Healthy Day Partners was created to provide our local schools and community with sustainable programs that help students and residents make informed, healthy lifestyle choices," said Healthy Day Partners' co-founder Mim Michelove. "Through our experiences at Ocean Knoll Elementary School's Farm and the Straight to the Plate program, we've seen how impactful agricultural and nutrition programs can be. We are thrilled to support the City's efforts to help educate the next generation about healthy food through this engaging community project."


If we consider the AdS-Schwarzschild manifold, defined by $M^n=[s_0,\infty)\times\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$ equipped with the Riemannian metric $$\overline{g}=\frac{1}{1-ms^{2-n}+s^2}ds\otimes ds+s^2g_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}},$$ where $m>0$ is a fixed positive number, $s_0$ is the unique positive solution of the equation $1+s_0^2-ms_0^{2-n}=0$ and $g_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$ is the standard round metric on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. The scalar curvature of $M$ is equals $-n(n-1)$.
My question is:
There exists some spin structure on $M$?
Since the Hyperbolic space is a particular case when $m\to0$ and the hyperbolic space admits a spin structure, is natural asking for a spin structure on the AdSSchwarschild space?
The existence or nonexistence of a spin structure on a smooth manifold $M$ is a topological question, in that it does not depend on the choice of a Riemannian metric on $M$. Spin structures are obstructed by the second Stiefel-Whitney class $w_2\in H^2(M;\mathbb Z/2)$, in that $M$ admits a spin structure iff $w_2(TM) = 0$.
Since $M^2 = [s_0,\infty)\times S^{n-1}$, its tangent bundle decomposes as
$$TM^3 \cong \pi_1^*T([s_0,\infty)) \oplus \pi_2^*TS^{n-1},$$
where $\pi_1,\pi_2$ are the projections from $M^n$ onto its two components. Since $[s_0,\infty)$ is contractible, its tangent bundle is trivial. The tangent bundle to $S^{n-1}$ is stably trivial, since embedding $S^{n-1}\hookrightarrow\mathbb R^n$ realizes $\underline{\mathbb R}^n \cong T\mathbb R^n|_{S^{n-1}} = TS^n\oplus\nu$, where $\nu$ is the normal bundle to the embedding, and $\nu$ is a trivial bundle.
Since $w_2$ is a stable characteristic class, it vanishes on stably trivial vector bundles, so $w_2(M^n) = 0$, and therefore $M^n$ admits a spin structure.
 - $\begingroup$ Your answer was very useful! I wondering now about the existence of killing imaginary spinors in the AdS Schwarschild manifold, there exists some one? $\endgroup$ – Geom math Dec 22 '17 at 18:55
 - $\begingroup$ Unfortunately, I don't know what an imaginary spinor is. $\endgroup$ – Arun Debray Dec 22 '17 at 18:57
Your Answer


text:
Step 5: Tip for sturdier cookies
This is a bit of a design call, but thin features can trap dough and tear off when you move the dough to the baking sheet. Look at the version one K-9 cookie cutter and see how thin the ear is. I reshaped and widened it a bit in version 2. After making cookies, it turns out that the tail and ear needed to made even thicker, so I went to V3. The trick is to make the cookie sturdy enough that you can get it onto the baking sheet without it falling apart, but also have it resemble the intended shape/object - it is a blancing act.
Note: the blue images are from the Axon2 software that I use to generate the toolpath (gcode) that actually controls the 3d printer. I can use it to preview what the result with be without having to print the physical object. I tweaked the distance between points until I got white space in the ear and tail sections. Depending on print settings and printer tuning, the physical printed object might not look exactly like the displayed toolpath (gcode).
You can also make sturdy cookies by rolling the dough out thicker.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Author Country (or Countries)
India
Abstract
Carry select adder is the key circuit to achieve high-speed arithmetic operations. This paper presents the Efficient Approximation Carry Select Adder (EA-CSLA) involved in eradicating the carry 1 input path in LSB and attains a reduced amount of delay and hardware simplicity. Furthermore, this EA-CSLA utilizes an algorithmic cell split-up technique which diminishes the propagation delay in all parts of the circuit. The EA carry select adder design includes approximate full adder blocks with less gate count and reduced power consumption. This design is synthesized in Encounter-Cadence 90 nm tool up to GDSII level using Verilog language. Hardware implementation is done and verified through Xilinx System generator and the device Spartan 6 XSLX4T CSG324 is used. The EA carry select adder attains less area, reduced delay, error percentage and delay-entire power product than exact and present adders. The proposed efficient approximation circuit attains a considerable decrease in entire power utilization than existing approximate adder circuits.
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text:
Thunderstorm Phobias in Dogs
Thunderstorm phobia is a disorder in which there is persistent and exaggerated fear of storms, or the stimuli associated with storms. To treat this condition, your veterinarian should have some grasp of pathophysiology, as this phobia involves physiologic, emotional, and behavioral components.
Thunderstorm phobia occurs in both dogs and cats, but dogs are often more susceptible to this type of fear. If you would like to learn more about how this condition affects dogs, please visit this page in the petMD health library.
Symptoms and Types
Stimuli that elicit fear include rain, lightning thunder, strong winds, and possibly changes in barometric pressure and static electricity. This fear may then induce one of more of the following signs:
It may also affect some body systems in a variety of ways, including:
The exact cause of thunderstorm phobia is unknown, but it may include a combination of the following factors:
A veterinarian will rule out any conditions which can cause similar behavioral responses such as separation anxiety, barrier frustration, and noise phobias. Otherwise, they will conduct further tests to identify any conditions or abnormalities that may have arisen from effect of the fear to the thunderstorm.
Anything that produces an action or reaction
A medical condition in which the patient has an abnormally fast heartbeat
The term for a quick heartbeat
A real fear of something
A lack of desire for food
The digestive tract containing the stomach and intestine
Elevated levels of glucose in the blood
A condition in which the skin becomes inflamed
Excessive Vocalization in Dogs
Excessive vocalization refers to uncontrollable, excessive barking, whining or crying,...
Extreme Fear and Anxiety in Dogs
Fear is the instinctual feeling of apprehension resulting from a situation, person,...
Latest In Dog Nutrition
How Your Overweight Pet Could Benefit from...
Pet obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Fortunately, there are some things...
What Are Lean Proteins and How They Can Help...
Protein is an important component in your pet's food, but not all proteins are the...


text:
Project duration: 6 months
CLIENT: Silesian Tourist Organization
Silesian Tourist Organization was established in 2004 by the Marshall's Office of Silesian Voivodeship, Cieszynski Poviat, The City of Gliwice, Beskidy Chamber of Tourism, Polish Chamber of Tourism – Silesian Office, travel agencies and local offices of the Polish Tourist Country-Lovers (PTTK) society. The task of Silesian Tourist Organization is widely taken promotion of Silesian Voivodeship in Poland and abroad.
- Creating a unique and only Poland's culinary brand "Silesian Flavors" which alludes to the promotional catchword of the Silesian Voivodeship: "Silesia. Positive Energy".
- Silesian Flavors is a diverse and umbrella brand. The concept is based on a certification program for restaurants offering traditional Silesian cuisine (something similar to Michelin recommendations).
- The essence of Silesian Flavors is conveying the wealth of experience provided by the diversity of the Silesian region, also in culinary terms. Silesian Flavors are a part of the "slow food" trend, promoting an aware style of living and eating as well as culinary tourism. According to the sentence saying that "The way to a man's heart is through his stomach", tourists more and more often, apart from interesting monuments and cultural events, look for a tasty, original, and not mass-oriented regional cuisine that becomes an indicator of a given place.
- Taking the big success of a culinary event Silesian Flavors Festival, which has taken place in Silesian towns since 2006, there has been a need for developing this event to a tourist product.
- Existence of a strong promotional campaign of Silesian Voivodeship: "Silesia. Positive Energy", which draws attention to the region's diversity.
- The Silesian Voivodeship's cuisine is diverse, it includes 8 so-called "regional tables" (according to Marek Szoltysek's classification), divided into even smaller local culinary traditions. That's why there has been a need for creating one brand collecting different kinds of the Silesian Voivodeship's cuisine.
- Growing popularity of the "slow food" trend, popularizing an aware style of living and eating, as well as culinary tourism.
- Conducting comprehensive focus research with TNS Pentor on the idea of Silesian Flavors' brand among restaurant owners from the Silesian Voivodeship. Result of this research was information about positive attitude of restaurant owners to the Silesian Voivodeship cuisine and about the need to create a common brand which could be Silesian Flavors.
- The strategy was developed in the process of meetings with representatives of Silesian Tourist Organization, Marshal's Office of Silesian Voivodeship, representatives of the Silesian Culinary Group, Silesian Flavor Chapter and the contractors (Planet PR agency in cooperation with Publicon agency).
- Preparing the methodology to launch the Silesian Flavors brand, based on four steps: preliminary, brand implementation, development and strengthening, in order to increase expenditure and development of this initiative with simultaneous change in its financing method. The goal was to be the possibility of brand's self-financing thanks to the development of certification program.
- Preparing a comprehensive system of brand visualization enabling the promotion of restaurants taking part in the program, Silesian Flavors Festival and consistent communication of the Silesian Flavors brand.
- Preparing new visual identification of the Silesian Flavors Festival.
- Preparing several plans of the brand promotional campaign to be used depending the available budget.
- Implementation-ready, comprehensive strategy for building a new "Silesian Flavors" brand.
- Innovative web tourist product covering all the voivodeship.
- Positive evaluation of the Silesian Flavors brand concept by regional media and representatives of tourist and culinary industry in Silesian Voivodeship.


text: The vehicle trajectory data is a feasible way for us to understand and reveal urban traffic conditions and human mobility. Therefore, it is extremely valuable to have a fine-grained picture of large-scale vehicle trajectory data, particularly in two different modes, taxis and buses, over the same period at an urban scale. This paper integrates the trajectory data of approximately 7,000 taxis and 1,500 buses in Changchun City, China and accesses the temporal geographically-explicit network of public transport via sequential snapshots of vehicle trajectory data every 30 seconds of the first week in March 2018. In order to reveal urban traffic conditions and human mobility, we construct two-layer urban traffic network (UTN) between these two different transport modes, take crossings as nodes and roads as edges weighted by the volume or average speed of vehicles in each hour. We released this temporal geographically-explicit network of public transport and the dynamics, weighted and directed UTN in simple formats for easy access.


Sending interviewers to targeted locations requires specific distribution options within the software itself, all of which can be found within Nfield CAPI. Have you already heard about sampling points?
Sampling points help you organize the fieldwork
In face to face interviewing, we refer to sampling points when talking about survey distribution. So what are sampling points?
From a technical perspective, sampling points are a way of categorizing interviews into certain groups (points). Categories could literally be anything: streets, areas, cities, or even experienced interviewers in one sampling point and less experienced interviewers in another.
In practice, sampling points are commonly used for a geographical distribution of interviews. The usage of sampling points helps you
 - assure a geographical representativeness of the survey
 - simplify the quota frame
 - control the fieldwork and targets better.
Thanks to sampling points it's easy to assign interviewers to interviews and control your fieldwork!
The geographical categorization helps to divide and manage the fieldwork and survey targets because interviewers may live in different areas or because you need to find respondents across a number of areas.
For example, when working on an international project involving many countries (offices worldwide), one sampling point could be one country (one office) with many interviewers.
Or in another case, when working on a local project, the town could be divided into parts with each one assigned to a different interviewer as a sampling point.
Nfield CAPI offers various scenarios
The following examples are theoretical and meant to explain you the main differences.
1. Surveys without sampling points and without quota
Non-geographical distribution is defined and your interviewers can ask anybody and anywhere.
Typical situation: polls
Example 1 without quota and sampling points actually means no table at all.
2. Surveys without sampling points and with quota
Non-geographical distribution is defined by sampling points, but please note that a quota frame can still be used for geographical distinction. The fieldwork is controlled through the total target that is placed in the software.
Typical situation: the interviewers who live in different cities interview people who are randomly passing by
Example 2 with quota, but no sampling points
3. Surveys with sampling points and quota
Geographical locations with the targets as the sampling points (Amsterdam East, Amsterdam West, Amsterdam South) need to be uploaded first, and then a quota frame with sample characteristics (female, male) should be set up. The fieldwork should be controlled through sampling points, not the total target. The sum of the sampling points targets is your total target, but having the total in the software does not help you control the fieldwork better.
Typical situation: a complex set-up used for international or national projects when a detailed distribution is needed
Example 3.1. with sampling points and quota, less items
Example 3.2. with sampling points and quota, more items


did post a code counter which does give a measure of density in terms of tokens per line. Although not designed for analysing perl, it can do so. The limitations with perl relate to token counting and the likes of regexs, heredocs and obscure quoting
 Hopefully this can be of some use to you as a rough measure of code density and scale of effort required.
Re: Programs/Methods for analyzing an existing Perl based system
by chicks (Scribe) on May 30, 2002 at 12:02 UTC
 Perl really needs more tools to support software engineering. First and foremost among those is allowing metrics to be gathered. (Yes, there are bad metrics and there are metrics that can be easily weaseled, but I'm not telling you which metrics to use!) Obviously parsing the raw perl isn't going to be easy enough in perl5. But once perl parses it couldn't we navigate the op tree? That should make it easy to see how many non-local variables are affected and what-not.
 If somebody has enough free time to put something into a project like this, let me know. Particularly if you're familiar with the way the B:: modules work.
Re: Programs/Methods for analyzing an existing Perl based system
by samtregar (Abbot) on May 30, 2002 at 16:57 UTC
 You can use a profiler, like Devel::DProf or my module Devel::Profiler, to extract a call-tree for a given request. If there are a small enough number of request types you might consider producing a call-tree for each request. This might give you an idea of how complex the application is.
 Here's a quick example to get you started. First, run the code under a profiler:
 $ perl -MDevel::Profiler -e 'sub foo { bar(); } sub bar { 1 }; print f +oo();' 1
 Then use the appropriate tool to generate a call-tree. In this case, dprofpp:
 $ dprofpp -T main::foo main::bar
 -sam
Re: Programs/Methods for analyzing an existing Perl based system
by dada (Chaplain) on May 31, 2002 at 10:11 UTC
 What other tools exist for analyzing a Perl program?
 [...]
 Variable cross-reference
 strange that no-one mentioned this:
 perl -MO=Xref yourscript.pl
 Update:
 System summaries (lines of code, file statistics...)
 I haven't tried it, but Perl Metrics seems pretty good at statistics, although unfortunately it doesn't appear to be actively mantained.
 cheers,
 Aldo
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text:
When you use LINE regularly, cached data and data from your chats start to build up. This data can cause the app to run slowly, so we recommend deleting it on a regular basis.
To delete the LINE app's cached data:
1. Tap the Home tab > Settings > Chats.
2. Tap Delete data > Cached data.
3. Tap Delete selected data > Delete data.
Note: You can also choose to delete photos, voice messages, and files that were sent in your chats.
To delete data from individual chats:
1. On the Chats tab, tap the chat you want to delete data from.
2. Tap the menu icon at the top of the chat screen.
3. Tap Other settings > Delete data.
4. Tap Delete selected data > Delete data.
Thank you for your feedback.
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text:
With this option, you can add new labels, edit and delete existing labels. In ProofHub, you can have labels that are specific only to a project and labels that are global for all the projects.
Following are the steps to access the manage labels option:
Add a new label:
Following are the steps to add new labels:
Additionally, you can also add labels while adding tasks.
Edit a label:
Following are the steps to edit a label:
Delete a label:
Following are the steps to delete a label:
A confirm pop-up will appear in which you can click on Yes to confirm the label's deletion.
- Can't find the answer to your questions? Contact ProofHub Support
- Check our blog for the latest additions, updates and tips.


text:
Today, most of the Premium websites online are subscription based. You have to pay them monthly or annually for their services. But many of us would like to save some money and share the costs of the premium services like Netflix, Hulu, etc.
This would require sharing logins with other people whom you may or may not trust. But don't worry, today I have a tool which allows you to share accounts with others without giving them the password.
AccessURL – Share access to websites without giving away your username and password.
AccessURL is a tool which helps you to share your logins to anyone for a specified period through cookies. They do not rely on passwords and usernames.
You can use this to provide temporary access to anyone to your accounts. It works with Facebook, Netflix, Hulu, Twitter, etc.
They do not store your passwords on their servers, so you don't have to worry about hackers and password leaks. Additionally, they encrypt the session data with AES encryption algorithm before sharing the logins.
How Does AccessURL Work?
Whenever you log into a Website, a cookie is generated by them. This cookie is stored on your browser to log in afterward without a password.
AccessURL stores this cookie from the website. Then it encrypts it using Advanced Encryption Algorithm (AES).
After you specify the period, they generate a link which you will share with anyone who needs the access.
For accessing the website, the user should have the AccessURL Extension installed on their browser.
Steps for creating AccessURL
- Install AccessURL Extension for Chrome or Firefox.
- Create an Account here.
- Sign in to the website for which you want to create an AccessURL.
- Click on the AccessURL Button in the Toolbar.
- Select a time for expiration of the URL
- Click on Generate AccessURL
- Now the AccessURL will be generated, click on Copy AccessURL to copy it and share it with your Friends!
Note: If you log out of anywhere, other users will not be able to access the website using your AccessURL.
This was the method to share logins with anyone without sharing the passwords and risking your accounts.
This method can be used in many scenarios like office work, troubleshooting, etc.
You should always share your AccessURL with trusted people only and be aware of setting the right expiration date.
If you notice any unusual activity in your account, just log out of it, and no one will be able to access it through the link anymore.
If you have any queries, do tell them in the comments below, share it with your friends if you liked it :).


text:
Development of an interpreting service model at the Durban University of Technology
Makhubu, Rosethal Loli
MetadataShow full item record
This research deals with the development of a model of interpreting services for a newly merged multilingual University of Technology, the Durban University of Technology. The rationale for the study was the urgent need to give students whose mother tongue is not the medium of instruction (i.e. English) equity of access to higher-degree education. The research was carried out within a critical realist approach, which seeks to transform society by practical application of theory. Unlike previous studies in interpreting, this research focuses on the service provision aspect of interpreting. It falls within the field of educational interpreting, but goes beyond the classroom situation in considering other university interpreting needs, such as seminars and in-house conferences, graduation and other ceremonies, operational meetings and labour-related meetings. Franck‟s modelling process was used to formulate a theoretical model of the interpreting service delivery mechanism using data gathered during visitations to local and international universities. The theoretical model, or system of essential functions, was used to arrive at the applied aspect of the mechanism, termed an empirical model of interpreting service delivery. The model was then validated in terms of its application in various contexts at the Durban University of Technology. It is suggested that the theoretical and practical models developed have application not only for educational interpreting, but also in other interpreting contexts. The models are also considered to have relevance for service delivery in general, which is a critical issue at present in South Africa.


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Let $R$ be a PID, $M$ be an $R$-module. If $M$ is isomorphic to $r$ copies of cyclic primary module $R/\langle p^s\rangle$ where $p$ is a prime element of $R$, then does $M$ possess the following property?
Given any submodule $N$ of $M$ isomorphic to $R/\langle p^{s_1}\rangle\oplus\cdots\oplus R/\langle p^{s_r}\rangle$, $M/N$ is isomorphic to $R/\langle p^{s-s_1}\rangle\oplus\cdots\oplus R/\langle p^{s-s_r}\rangle$.
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This is better suited for MSE. You could start with $r=1$, with $M=R/p^sR$, $N=R/p^{s_1}R$. – Dietrich Burde Jun 26 '13 at 8:23
1 Answer 1
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Choose generators $n_1,\dotsc,n_r$ for $N$ with $p^{s_i}n_i=0$. It is not hard to see that the annihilator of $p^{s_i}$ on $M$ is $p^{s-s_i}M$, so we can choose $m_i$ with $p^{s-s_i}m_i=n_i$. If we can prove that the elements $m_i$ form a basis for $M$ over the ring $R/p^s$, then everything else is clear.
The given assumptions on $N$ imply that the elements $p^{s-1}m_i=p^{s_i-1}n_i$ are linearly independent over $R/p$ in the space $M[p]=\{m\in M:pm=0\}$, and by counting dimensions they must form a basis. Multiplication by $p^{s-1}$ gives an isomorphism $M/pM\to M[p]$, so the elements $m_i$ form a basis for $M/pM$ over $R/p$.
We can certainly write $m_i=\sum_ja_{ij}e_j$ for some matrix $A=(a_{ij})$ over $R$, where $e_1,\dotsc,e_r$ is the standard basis for $M$. The above shows that $\det(A)$ is invertible mod $p$. It follows easily that it is invertible mod $p^s$ as well, which proves the claim.
My argument refers to $p^{s_i-1}$ and so does not immediately work if $s_i=0$ for some $i$, but that can be cured with a few more steps.
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Following is the way I can think of to work for the case when some $s_i=0$. Get $m_i$'s in your argument for nonzero $s_i$'s, and prove that they are $R$-linearly independent by showing a correspinding minor of $A$ is invertible mod $p^s$. Then extend these $m_i$'s to an $R$-basis of $M$ as $M$ is homocyclic. Is there any simpler way? – Binzhou Xia Jul 13 '13 at 13:17
Your Answer


text:
What Is Appurtenance?
Appurtenance is a legal term denoting the attachment of a right or property to a more worthy principal. Appurtenance occurs when the attachment becomes part of the property such as a furnace or air conditioning unit. Appurtenance can also be an object or privilege associated with status, title, or affluence.
- An appurtenance is a term used to describe an improvement to what is usually a physical property, which then becomes the legal property of what it was improved upon.
- Appurtenance can have many different meanings and applications such as in real estate, natural resources, and even items owned by the wealthy like estates or luxury cars.
- It is important to ascertain the context of which property is being referred to when discussing appurtenances.
Appurtenance is usually applicable to property rights or items that are permanent and are passed along with the sale of the property. An appurtenance is a real property, which has been defined as being immovable or fixed to the land. In this case, appurtenances relate to the land.
When considering legal transactions, appurtenances grant the ownership of certain items to a person who owns the property. For example, once a tenant installs a new water tank into the apartment, they usually can not remove the appurtenance because it would then be considered part of the property.
More examples of appurtenances include in-ground swimming pools, a fence, or a shed that are all fixed to the land. The term can also be used to describe the acreage behind a home. This plot of land, or the backyard, is generally viewed as being part of the property—an appurtenance of the house. Appurtenances also include rights to natural resources found in the land, such as minerals or oil, as well as improvements to the property and easements.
In a Supreme Court of Minnesota ruling, the court defined appurtenance as "That which belongs to something else. Something annexed to another thing more worthy" in the 1919 case of Cohen v. Whitcomb. The case revolved around a debate about ownership of a hot water heater installed at the property by the tenant. The lease stated that any repairs or improvements made by the tenant became part of the property, and therefore, was the landlord's property.
Special Consideration: Alternate Meanings
The idea of appurtenances also appears in the field of psychology. The Gestalt theory likens appurtenances to a sense of belonging or the relationship between two factors that directly influence each other such as fields of color. The two fields of color may, in fact, be different. But the way they interact with one another may appear to the viewer that they should belong together as one.
Appurtenances are also commonly used to describe people who belong to a specific country or region of the world. So the term is synonymous with belongingness. For example, someone from India may describe himself as a desi person, or someone of the land. Similarly, an Israeli is someone who is from Israel, while the word American is used to describe someone from the United States.
People may make references to the appurtenances of wealth or celebrity. These often include sports cars, mansions, and designer clothing. In this case, the items would be considered an appurtenance since they are part of that celebrity's "estate," or image.


text: Parental fitness evaluations may be ordered by the Family Court in divorce or custody proceedings. Parental fitness evaluations are recommended above other Family Court evaluations when one or both parents is alleged to have abused or neglected the children, or when the court questions the parenting capabilities of either parent. More than simply a traditional psychological evaluation, a competent parental fitness evaluation should consider collateral sources of information and the extent to which they confirm or disconfirm evaluee self-report. It should include measures targeted at problematic areas of parent-child interaction. Direct observation of parent-child interactions is often desirable, though not always possible. Collateral sources may also be utilized at times to assess the apparent quality of parent-child attachment. These evaluations focus upon parenting strengths and deficiencies, their causes, appropriate interventions, and the likelihood that the problems can be corrected. When more than one parent is assessed, caregiver comparisons can be offered.


text: Recent developments in space technology have led to a renewed interest in the possibility of maintaining space colonies, or at least manned bases in space, in which groups of people can function during multi-year missions. Some of the design studies have in fact dared to consider the possibility of permanent settlements, or habitats, being initiated in the present century (1). Consideration of life support systems becomes imperative in planning such ventures. One of the essentials of life support is, of course, food. The present paper is devoted to the discussion of research which will be necessary in order to plan the food technology required for space habitats.


What Is the Work Environment of a Baby Nurse?
The work environment for a baby nurse depends on her specialty. Some work in high-pressure situations where they must vigilantly monitor their patients' conditions, while others provide routine care for healthy patients. Regardles of the work environment, all baby nurses must be adept in communicating with patients and with fellow health care professionals, and must have the compassion to work with patients during an emotional time in their lives.
Where They Work
While many nurses work in a community setting, as Nurses for a Healthier Tomorrow points out, baby nurses work primarily in traditional hospitals and clinics. Typical work environments include hospital maternity wards, physician's offices, birthing centers, maternity centers and medical clinics. Neonatal nurses usually care for premature newborns and those with birth defects, critical illnesses or other needs, and work in nurseries and neonatal intensive care units. Labor and delivery nurses assist with the birthing process and work primarily in the delivery room, helping doctors monitor vital signs for mother and child. Postpartum nurses care for mothers and newborns until they are discharged from the hospital, and provide care in the mother's hospital room. They offer everything from breastfeeding instruction to assistance in coping with stress.
Who They Work With
How demanding a baby nurse's work environment is also depends on her specialty. Labor and delivery nurses may face high-pressure situations, for example if the mother encounters difficulty during childbirth or if the baby is in distress. They must think quickly on their feet and perform well under pressure, and must have excellent communication skills. If mother or baby is in trouble and the nurse cannot effectively communicate this to the doctor, she could put patients at risk. Neonatal nurses also face stressful work environments, because they often care for babies with significant medical problems. They must watch patients closely and act quickly if a baby takes a turn for the worse. Postpartum nurses often face a less urgent work environment, because they care for mothers and children who are healthy and expected to go home soon. They play an often supportive role, helping the woman prepare for life as a mother.
Demands
Labor and delivery nurses primarily have contact with doctors and other nurses, while assisting with delivery. While they help monitor the mother during childbirth, most of their communication is with other health care professionals, for example taking direction from the doctor or informing the doctor of changes in the mother's or baby's vital signs. Neonatal nurses spend most of their day in the nursery caring for sick newborns, and interact primarily with doctors and other nurses. However, they also update the parents on the baby's condition. Postpartum nurses have the most contact with both mother and child. Much of their job involves counseling and advising the mother and answering her questions.
Challenges
All nursing specialties related to childbirth can be physically and emotionally demanding. Nurses are on their feet much of the day, whether standing in the delivery room or making rounds. They may also work long hours, especially when dealing with a complicated or high-risk birth or very ill patient. Their work is sometimes emotionally draining and stressful as well. Nurses who care for ill newborns must be able to cope with their patients' severe and sometimes deteriorating conditions, as well as interacting with distraught parents.