Investing in transportation stocks
The transportation industry tends to perform well in strong economies, but other volatile sectors can force it to make sharp turns.
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Transportation Stocks & ETFs Jump to List
Investing in the transportation industry is a great way to diversify your portfolio across several industries including airlines, railroads and trucking. But because it's tied to several external industries including oil and gas, transportation stocks can be very volatile.
Government regulations can also deliver a major impact. So can world events like the coronavirus, which rattled the transportation industry in 2020.
What are transportation stocks?
Transportation stocks are part of various companies that move people, products and goods all over the world by land, sea or air. They make up a diverse industry containing several different types of companies including:
 - Airlines
 - Air freight companies
 - Trucking firms
 - Railroads
 - Marine shipping companies
 - Logistics companies
 - Service providers that help transportation firms such as airport operators and marine ports
The transportation industry is a big part of everyday life. Transportation companies get you to where you need to go, food to your supermarket and clothes to your local stores.
Why invest in transportation stocks?
In a global economy, people need to move goods, services and talent around. This is where the transportation industry comes in. And because a vast number of companies are involved, transportation stocks can be seen as clear avenues to portfolio diversification.
The transportation industry is part of the wider industrial sector. That's why its performance is strongly tied to the state of the overall economy. These companies tend to perform well under robust economic conditions.
This performance can be an indicator that businesses are gaining speed and moving goods and services around to meet demand. But the transportation industry can be highly speculative and hard to predict.
Risks of investing in transportation stocks
Because the transportation industry is so vast, transportation stocks can be affected by the performance of several other sectors. For instance, transportation companies rely heavily on fuel to get the job done. That includes everything from diesel to jet fuel.
If fuel prices rise, so can the costs for different transportation companies. That in turn can cut profits as well as stock prices. An active investor may not benefit from transportation stocks in a difficult economy.
Moreover, trade disputes between countries can severely affect the movement of goods and people from one place to another – along with the companies responsible for making this movement happen. Government regulations can have the same effect.
Government regulations fueled by COVID-19 changed the transportation industry in 2020. Cities around the globe limited transportation services, placed travel restrictions and implemented social distancing mandates. This severely affected the movement of people, and companies like airlines suffered.
A study published on Statista says, "For the week starting November 9, 2020, the number of scheduled flights worldwide was down by 46.5 percent compared to the week of November 11, 2019."
With uncertainty surrounding the state of COVID-19 restrictions as well as medical advances, the pandemic's future impact on the transportation industry remains uncertain. A report by Deloitte even went as far as to say, "Commuting and traveling patterns may not recover to their pre–COVID-19 state once lockdowns are lifted."
Transportation stocks
With an industry as widespread as transportation, there are many stocks to choose from. Here is a brief list of your investment options.
What ETFs track the transportation category?
You don't need to limit your investments in transportation to stocks. You can also buy shares of exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, which invest in diversified baskets of transportation of stocks. Here are some examples:
 - S&P Transportation ETF (NYSEArca: XTN)
 - iShares Transportation Average ETF (BATS: IYT)
 - First Trust Nasdaq Transportation ETF (NasdaqGM: FTXR)
 - Direxion Daily Transportation Bull 3X Shares (NYSEArca: TPOR)
 - SPDR S&P Kensho Smart Mobility ETF (NYSEArca: HAIL)
 - U.S. Global Jets ETF (NYSEArca: JETS)
A beginner's guide to exchange traded funds
Compare trading platforms
Whether you're investing in transportation stocks or ETFs, you'll need a brokerage account. Because key differences such as fees can affect your returns, you should carefully review your options.
Wealthsimple Trade
Stocks, ETFs
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Scotia iTRADE
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Pay no annual account fees.
Buy, sell and trade ETFs, Equities, Options and more with competitive commissions.
CIBC Investor's Edge
Stocks, Bonds, Options, Mutual Funds, ETFs
$4.95 - $6.95
$4.95 - $6.95 (+$1.25 per contract)
$0 if conditions met, otherwise $100/year
$4.95 - $6.95 is applicable for online stock, ETF and option trades only. Pay $4.95 when you qualify as an Active Trader (trade 150+ times per quarter).
An intuitive and easy-to-use platform with access to a variety of tools that help you make smart decisions and trade with confidence.
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Bottom line
Investing in transportation stocks can be a lucrative way to diversify your portfolio. But strains in the overall economy can derail the transportation industry.
Do your due diligence as an investor when considering transportation stocks, especially in the midst of COVID-19. Also compare your brokerage options before you begin trading stocks.
Frequently asked questions
Are pipeline stocks part of transportation stocks?
Technically, no. Even though pipelines transport resources like natural gas and crude oil, pipeline stocks are energy stocks.
Are there transportation stock mutual funds?
Yes. Examples include the Fidelity Select Transportation Portfolio (Nasdaq: FSRFX) and the Rydex Transportation Fund (Nasdaq: RYTSX).
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Long-term sustainable progress begins by encouraging relationships between churches, faiths, and communities that have been in conflict for centuries. The root of progress lies in education. Of course, education can only be productive if reliable food and water sources are available. SWIC partners with grassroots organizations that are finding sustainable solutions to meet these fundamental needs.
Father Faiz, the curate at St. George's, is SWIC's financial conduit and trusted "eyes and ears" on the ground. His work encourages unity despite differing faiths or denominations. As families aim to return home from the camps, Father Faiz recognizes the immense need to not only provide children with an education, but to provide water sources where infrastructure has been destroyed. One well costs between $1600-$2,000 and can provide water for 7-9 families, or up to 100 people. SWIC is working closely with Father Faiz to raise money to build wells that will be used by all, regardless of their faith or denomination. This represents a step towards religious tolerance.
In addition to water sources, food security is another fundamental need being tackled by the Etuti Institute, an Assyrian Christian youth education program founded by Savina Dawood.
The Etuti Institute creates workshops that bring children and youth together from all backgrounds to build generations of new community leaders emphasizing the importance of education, social responsibility, and ethical behavior.
In addition to youth empowerment programs, Savina and her colleagues are working to rebuild a family-owned grocery store in Qaraqosh. With one of SWIC's Small Business Redevelopment Grants, Etuti continues rebuilding and plans to import food from Erbil to replenish the supplies. Eventually the vision is to support local farmers with locally grown produce. When the market is profitable, it will not only feed local families returning home, it will be the seed of economic growth within local communities and serve as a model for other redevelopment enterprises.
The primary building block of sustainable progress is education. On St. George's campus in a safe area of Baghdad, Father Faiz founded The Redeemer School, a kindergarten for 150 children of all religions that encourages tolerance, unity, and love of learning. The school has grown in popularity among Muslim and Christian parents, encouraging Father Faiz to expand it into a primary school to accommodate more children. SWIC provided funding to complete Phase One (the 1st floor) at a cost of $50,000, and is currently working to raise the additional $200,000 to complete the new building to ensure every child has access to quality education and real hope for their future.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Scotland & Ireland Through Cumbria To The South
This book traces the history of cattle droving from Scotland and Ireland through Cumbria and southwards from the start of regular trading in the early 1600s to its decline in the 19th century. It explains why droving was practised and how it grew into the largest traffic in agricultural produce that these islands have seen. It examines droving's influence on agriculture and its contribution to general economic development.
Paperback; 210 x 150mm
SKU: 7406 Categories: All Titles, Borders History, Cumbrian Books, Cumbrian Outdoors, Farming, History, Social History, UK Books
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Looking for advice on how to turn off a motor when there is an item blocking a sensor. I found an inductive proximity sensor that I think could work. I am trying to make a brass case annealer similar to this one
What you are looking for is a normally closed relay which is sometimes abbreviated as NC relay. You should place the relay in you circuit so that switch side has the ability to interrupt the motor when the sensor is tripped. Here is a possible schematic of how your circuit could work.
When an object is placed in front of the sensor it closes the sensor which opens the relay which cuts power to the motor. This is one way to achieve control of your motor when an object is placed in front of the sensor.


, they look about [the equivalent of] 25-30" (its hard to tell precise age).
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If you want an age range between 0 and 100 use this system. First determine your base age by rolling a d6: (D6 result of 1: Base age is 10, D6 result of 2: Base age is 20, D6 result of 3: Base age is 30, D6 result of 4: Base age is 50, D6 result of 5: Base age is 70, D6 result of 6: Base age is 90)
Then, roll 2d6-2 and write that number down somewhere as the age modifier.
Then, roll another d6 (or flip a coin). On a result of 1-3 (heads) add the age modifier to your base age and on a result of 4-6 (tails) subtract it. The final result is your character's age.
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what is the difference between a social movement and a solidarity movement?
newpaltz529 asked:
I am writing a paper about solidarity movements in Latin America, based on the book Convictions of the Soul: Religion, Culture, and Agency in the Central American Solidarity Movement by Sharon Erickson Nepstad. In my paper, I keep using solidarity movements and social movements interchangably, but I don't know if that is entirely correct. HELP!
thats funny you gave the answer with charles tilly because i just read a book by him
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*Social solidarity refers to the integration, and degree and type of integration, shown by a society or group with people and their neighbors. It refers to the ties in a society – social relations – that bind people to one another. The term is generally employed in sociology and the other social sciences. What forms the basis of solidarity varies between societies. In simple societies it may be mainly based around kinship and shared values. In more complex societies there are various theories as to what contributes the sense of social solidarity.
**Charles Tilly defines big social movements as a series of contentious performances, displays and campaigns by which ordinary people made collective claims on others [Tilly, 2004]. For Tilly, social movements are a major vehicle for ordinary people's participation in public politics [Tilly, 2004:3]. He argues that there are three major elements to a social movement [Tilly, 2004]:
Edit: Irony. Anyways, I think are are interchangeable
(although there is a slight difference between the two).
A social movement is a communities need to have a particular agenda intact by governmental means because those in control are not distributing properly. Strength in numbers sort of speak. Solidarity is similar because their is a need to resolve a particular issue in government or religion or other commuity cause and so it is necessary to have silidarity to ensure that it is sought after in unity.
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The Dräger VarioGard 3000 EC is a digital transmitter with an integrated electrochemical sensor. It detects oxygen and toxic gases in the ambient air. This affordable system component makes it easier for you to configure a gas warning system.
The Dräger VarioGard 3000 EC is connected with the controller via the digital VarioGard bus. This is how it is supplied with electricity and how it transmits its measuring results. You can easily control the entire VarioGard system via the VarioGard bus.
The operation is extremely easy. You can make all configurations comfortably from the controller using VarioGard software.
You can configure and monitor four current limit values and four averages over time for each transmitter. The alarms are optically and acoustically displayed on the transmitter and transmitted to the controller. A three-colour LED indicates the operating status of the transmitter. The calibration is controlled using a magnetic wand via contact points.
The Dräger VarioGard 3000 EC is equipped with an electrochemical DrägerSensor. This sensor measures the concentration of toxic gases in the ambient air. The measured values are transmitted digitally to the controller and displayed there. An alarm is triggered if the gas concentration exceeds one or more of the limit values configured.
The VarioGard 3000 EC is adaptable to your needs. This means that you have different sensors available depending upon the desired use:
CO, NO2 and NO for garages, O2 for oxygen supplies and NH3 for cooling facilities, for example.
In addition, you can place the cable inlets on all four sides of the transmitter. The transmitter can be mounted vertically as well as horizontally.


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We're dealing with country borders, that is the set of multiple disjoint domains that is made of polygons.
To extract the different point on the map by a given country we've been said to implement the ray casting algorithm which is absolutely fine, but the country is hardly to be the simply-connected domain. For example, the Italy consists of many disjoint domains (islands).
In this case the crossing number algorithm or the even-odd rule algorithm is still a valid approach to validate if the point in question is within the country borders or not?
After days of research finally found one discussion: MySQL implementation of ray-casting Algorithm? which gives the exhausting number of links, answers and code snippets to implement the algorithm in code (Pseudo-code:
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1 Answer 1
Yes, the even-odd rule works for any closed set of polygons.
The only thing to be careful about is the ray hitting a vertex, since code which is not equipped to handle degeneracies may return incorrect results in that case. The lowest effort solution is usually to (1) first check if you are on the boundary of the polygon and (2) try rays with random directions until no vertex is hit.
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12-hour Clinical Supervisor Training (Initial Training)
Friday, Dec 15, 2017 – Saturday, Dec 16, 2017
8:30am – 4:30pm
Join Robert Rhoton Psy D., LPC, D.A.A.E.T.S. in exploring and developing enhanced general and clinical supervision skills for those independently licensed professionals that currently provide clinical supervision or intend to deliver clinical supervision in compliance with the Arizona Revised Statutes and ADHS requirements. This training utilizes case studies and a collaborative participant discussion format to assure that all points are covered and adequately understood.
Who should attend? Those supervising associate level mental health professionals on their journey to independent licensure.
Arizona Trauma Institute is approved by the National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC) to grant Continuing education credit for live workshops. ACEP number is 6677. 12 CEU's are awarded for this training.
Rules regarding the need for this 12 hour supervision.
- A licensee who maintains more than one license may apply the same continuing education hours for renewal of each license if the content of the continuing education relates to the scope of practice of each license.
- For each license period, a licensee may report a maximum of:
- Ten clock hours of continuing education for first-time presentations by the licensee that deal with current developments, skills, procedures, or treatments related to the practice of behavioral health. The licensee may claim one clock hour for each hour spent preparing, writing, and presenting information;
- Six clock hours of continuing education for attendance at a Board meeting where the licensee is not:
- A member of the Board,
- The subject of any matter on the agenda, or
- The complainant in any matter that is on the agenda; and
- Ten clock hours of continuing education for service as a Board or ARC member.
- For each license period, a licensee shall report:
- A minimum of three clock hours of continuing education sponsored, approved, or offered by an entity listed in subsection (D) in:
- Behavioral health ethics or mental health law, and
- Cultural competency and diversity; and
- Beginning January 1, 2018, complete a Board-approved tutorial on Board statutes and rules.
- A licensee shall participate in continuing education that relates to the scope of practice of the license held and to maintaining or improving the skill and competency of the licensee. Toe Board has determined that in addition to the continuing education listed in subsections (B) and (C), the following continuing education meets this standard:
The Board has determined that a substance abuse technician, associate substance abuse counselor, or an independent substance abuse counselor shall ensure that at least 20 of the 30 clock hours of continuing education required under R4-6-80l(B) are in the following categories:
- Pharmacology and psychopharmacology,
- Addiction processes,
- Models of substance use disorder and addiction treatment,
- Relapse prevention,
- Interdisciplinary approaches and teams in substance use disorder and addiction treatment,
- Substance use disorder and addiction assessment and diagnostic criteria,
- Appropriate use of substance use disorder and addiction treatment modalities,
- Substance use disorder and addiction as it related to diverse populations,
- Substance use disorder and addiction treatment and prevention,
- Clinical application of current substance use disorder and addiction research, or
- Co-occurring disorders.
Event LocationArizona Trauma Institute, 49 S. Sycamore St. Suite 2
Mesa, AZ, 85202

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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The annual assessments conducted for children in Grades Two, Four and Nine will not be done in the upcoming 2021/ 2022 academic year which commences on September 6.
This is according to the Chief Education Officer (CEO), Dr. Marcel Hutson who was speaking at a press conference on Friday.
"We have taken a stance that there is no point going in that direction because students have not been exposed (to learning) in the way we want them to be exposed," Dr. Hutson said.
Meanwhile, he also noted that the National Grade Six Assessment (NGSA), which is Guyana's secondary school entrance examination, is scheduled for July 6 and 7; this however may be subject to change.
"We also said that learning will not be done in the usual manner when school reopens. Instead, learning will meet the tailored needs of children, after an assessment of their learning needs is met.
"This is important because the ministry understands that the pandemic and virtual learning has contributed to some learning loss," Dr. Hutson told the news conference.


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Frequently Asked Questions
In this section one finds a number of FAQ answered.
1. How many casualties fell during the May War in the Netherlands?
The Dutch army lost 2,300 men KIA during the five days of war in the Netherlands (including the eight days in the province Zeeland). The number of WIA is not specifically known, but over 7,000 men were treated for wounds suffered during the war days. Probably a significant number suffered only light wounds and were not registered at all.
The German army losses during the battle for the Netherlands were almost identical to the Dutch losses. About 2,100 registered KIA, perhaps slightly higher.
The number of German military WIA is unknown. The benchmark ratio KIA:WIA gives an average of one KIA to 3,5 to 4 WIA, which would lead to a German WIA ratio of 7,000 - 8,000 men.
The Dutch expedited around 1,300 German POW's to the UK. These men were German write-offs for the duration of the war. The bulk of this number comprised Luftwaffe personnel as well as airlanded infantry of 22nd Infantry Division and airbornes from the Hague theatre of operations.
The French army lost 206 registered KIA in the Netherlands. In Noord-Brabant 62 and in Zeeland 154. The number of wounded is unknown, as is the number of POW's. Numbers of 800 WIA are mentioned in the buzz, but have up to now not been substantiated by reliable sources. Some estimates say that around 3,000 Frenchmen were captured in the Netherlands during the periode 10-18 May 1940. But these estimates are non-substantiated either and probably too low.
2. What were the strengths of the opposing forces?
The Dutch army had a total force of around 280,000 men under arms in May 1940. Often foreign sources erroneously mention figures of 350,000 - 400,000. That is wrong and very inaccurate.
The Dutch army comprised 240,000 men and around 40,000 men in other branches (army air force, coastal artillery defences, volunteer formations). The navy and marines (in the Netherlands) had some 10,000 more, not included in the 280.000.
The Dutch army was only partially organized in field army units. Often foreign sources only mention the major field army units, being eight infantry divisions (organised in four army corpses), one independant division (Peel-division) and one light (mobile) division. Besides these large units there were three field army brigades (A, B and G) and 30 independant border infantry battalions and companies. The fortress army had no divisional structure. It was organised in companies, battalions and regiments only. The fortress army, that occupied the defences within the Fortress Holland and Zeeland province, contained the bulk of elder reservists.
The Dutch army had 48 infantry regiments (2,200 - 2,500 men each), 24 independant Border Infantry Battalions (around 700 men each), a number of Border Infantry Companies and two regiments of bicylce infantry. Furthermore 2 regiments of motorbike-infantry, 6 regiments of cavalry (partially horse, partially bicycle mounted), 15 independant regiments of artillery comprising three battalions each, 4 independant regiments of artillery comprising two battalions each and 8 independant artillery battalions. The total number of active artillery pieces was 692 (excluding the obsolete 8-staal guns; excluding 6-veld and AT guns).
Next to these combattant forces there was a large representation of non-com formations, like engineers, pioneers, logistics, medical troops, etc.etc..
For further specifics we refer to the Introduction chapter on this website.
The German army assigned the 18th Armee to the Dutch theatre. This army comprised 10.Corps (two infantry divisions, two SS regiments, one occupational division of brigade strength), 26. Corps (six divisions, including one tank division and one SS division) and the independant 1st Cavalry Division. The Luftwaffe provided the 7th Flieger Korps comprising the (two regiments strong) 7th Airborne Division and the 22.Infantry Airlanding Division (reinforced by a battalion of IR.72). The strength of the 18.Armee was about 180,000 men. The combined Airlanding Corps had an operational strength of about 12,000 men (3,500 airbornes; 8,500 airlanding troops).
On the first two days of the invasion two divisions of the 6th Armee covered the left flank of the 26.Corps in Noord-Brabant. Furthermore the bulk of the 6th Armee crossed the most southeastern province of the Netherlands (Limburg), where on the first day some units opposed the few Dutch battalions defending the Meuse region in Limburg. Although these numbers are significant, they should not be added to the invasion force for the Dutch theatre, for they were designated to invade Belgium.
All in all the strength of the German invasion force opposing the Dutch was around 200,000 men landforces (including Students' Airlanding Corps).
3. Who were the most principal commanders on either side?
The Dutch Commander in Chief was General Henri G. Winkelman. He was commander of the Dutch land-, airand navy forces in the homeland. He had become CiC in February 1940. His was preluded by General I.H. Reynders, who was sacked in January 1940 over a dispute (with the Dutch cabinet) on the defense strategy.
The commander of the Field Army was Lieutenant-General J.J.G. (Baron) van Voorst tot Voorst. His younger brother General-Major H.F.M. (Baron) van Voorst tot Voorst was chief of the army staff. Commander Fortress Holland was Lieutenant-General J. van Andel.
Commander of the Air-Defence and Army Air Force was Lieutenant-General. P.W. Best.
The commander of the Dutch navy was the chief of navy staff Vice-Admiral J.T. Furstner.
The four army Corpses were led by General-Major N.T. Carstens [1.Corps], General-Major J. Harberts [2.Corps], General-Major A.A. van Nijnatten [3.Corps] and General-Major A.R. van den Bent [4.Corps].
The German Commander in Chief of the operations in the Netherlands was the commander of the 18.Armee, General der Artillerie Georg von Küchler. His direct superior was the Commander Heeresgruppe B, Generaloberst von Bock.
The operations of the 7th Fliegerkorps [commanded by Generalleutnant der Flieger Kurt Student] in Fortress Holland were developed and led by the Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe Hermann Göring (and his staff), and the Commander Luftflotte 2, Generalleutnant von Kesselring was commander of the Luftwaffe operations in the Netherlands.
The most principle German units were commanded by Generalleutnant K. Student [7th Airborne Corps and commander of 7th Flieger Division], Generalleutnant Graf von Sponeck [22.ID], General-major Kurt Feldt [1.Cav.Div.], General der Artillerie Christian Hansen [10.Corps], General der Artillerie Albert Wodrig [26.Corps], Generalleutnant Schmidt [commander of 39.Corps, which was activated as of 13 May 1940] and Generalmajor Ritter von Hubicki [9.Panzer Division].
4. Was the Lex Belli [or Ius in Bello, law of war] often infringed by the belligerents, or was it generally respected?
The internation code, mainly given shape by Geneva and Hague conventions, was mandatory to and (generally) respected by all belligerents in May 1940 in the Dutch theatre.
There were the inevitable occasional infringements too. The Dutch and the Germans both recorded some infringements of the other side and for both sides there is proof of some incidents that were mild, or occasionally gross, infringements in itself. Here and there a prisoner of war was abused, assaulted or even shot on the spot (both sides were guilty of those occasional attrocities), and quite a number of incidents were recorded where either side abused the white flag or the international sign of the red cross.
There is one remarkable exception, where the Ius in Bello was quite generally disregarded by one particular German unit. This occurs during the operations of the SS regiment Der Führer during the three days' battle of the Grebbeberg. There is sufficient proof that the laws of war were poorly adhered to (to say the least) during the SS operations on 11, 12 and 13 of May 1940. There were several incidents involving massacres in the trenches (especially on the 11th of May), systematic abuse of POW's and particularly the common use of POW's as human shields against opposing fire. These infringements were reported and sometimes proven in such an overwhelming quantity that it is very likely that some sort of methodical abuse was applicable. This only applies


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About the research
Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) has grown significantly in the last decade as an efficient method to rebuild bridges in the highway network. This method uses modern approaches in design, construction, and materials to reduce disruptions to traffic due to bridge construction.
In some cases, it is required to construct a new substructure beneath/within an existing bridge. There are various approaches to construct new foundations during ABC projects. The methods include spread footings, driven piles, drilled shafts, continuous flight augurs, and micropiles. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, which should be assessed for each ABC project.
For this research, each foundation method was reviewed by considering the specific features of the method that can be favorable to implement. To investigate new probable foundation construction approaches, a survey was distributed to state departments of transportation (DOTs). The survey included questions about the common bridge foundation approaches. According to the results, micropiles are the most commonly used piling approach, and there is no new method experienced by DOTs to establish foundations during ABC projects.


This spectacular bird needs our help! Find Out More
Powerful Owl siblings growing up in Taronga Wildlife Hospital Rehabiliitation Aviaries
Two fledgling Powerful Owls (Ninox strenua) were admitted to the Taronga Zoo Wildlife Hospital, two weeks apart. The owls were siblings being raised by their parents in Bayview, and their progress had been monitored by local residents and wildlife carers. It was thought that the parents of these birds had abandoned them and the birds were struggling to find food.
They spent three months together in the hospital's rehabilitation aviaries gaining condition and strength, before being released late one night in December back to Bayview, with assistance from the local residents who found them.
(Wildlife arrival numbers 09B269 and 09B287)
Wildlife Hospital - Taronga Zoo


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The Huairou Commission's (HC) Community Resilience Fund (CRF) channels resources to organized groups of women in poor, rural and urban hazard-prone settlements, enabling them to mobilize collaborative resilience practices that reduce community vulnerability to natural hazards and climate change. The CRF partners with grassroots women's organizations, women farmers, producer cooperatives, savings and credit groups, and informal settlement associations in 21 countries. These organizations have used CRF to:
Enable grassroots women to take public leadership in identifying and addressing climate, disaster and other risks
Collaborate with local governments to leverage resources, and
Sustain and scale up grassroots-led resilience-building eff
The CRF is also a platform for demonstrating the innovations and expertise of grassroots women's groups, attracting greater public recognition and support for their roles in addressing climate change and development challenges.


Banff grizzly spotted eating another grizzly
The discovery of a grizzly bear eating another bruin of its kind in Banff National Park could signal tough times for the animals, said a federal official.
On Oct. 29, Parks Canada staff were checking on a GPS collar that had fallen off Grizzly No. 136, rubbed off on a small tree.
What they found at the site at Mystic Pass was the nearly fully eaten carcass of another grizzly -- apparently a meal for bear 136, said Steve Michel, a human-wildlife conflict specialist.
It's not clear if the smaller bear was killed by the 225-kg. No. 136, said Michel.
"Its remains were fully consumed, all we know is another grizzly bear fed on him," he said.
It's possible a poor buffalo berry crop in the park this summer led to the cannibalistic behaviour.
"That's particularly so if it was a predatory event," said Michel.
A graver consequence of that small crop might not be felt until the spring, added Michel.
"The bigger impact would be on cub production," he said.
"It underscores how difficult it is to make a living as a bear and how vulnerable a population it is."
Bears eating other bruins is not unheard of, he noted.
In August 2013, notorious grizzly bear No. 122 was found eating a black bear in Banff National Park.
Research using the GPS collars conducted by Parks Canada and the University of Alberta to gauge human impact on grizzly populations is now winding down.
One of its findings was that major forest fires had revitalized pockets of Banff and Kootenay National Parks, resulting in bumper crops of buffalo berries far from human threats of trains and roads.
"Grizzly bears congregated there, it's a good thing," he said.
The grizzly population in and around Banff National Park has likely decreased slightly in recent years, to about 65, said Michel.
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Perform an Outbound File Transfer (Example: Generate Payfile)
In outbound transfer, data is copied from EXT Schema which has read access Commissions tables (TCMP) and loaded into the target.
Note: Data can be extracted into various data systems. As an example, the procedure to transfer data to flat files is illustrated in this documentation.
Steps
The following image illustrates the steps involved for an Outbound File Transfer.
To perform an inbound transfer:
 1. Create Custom EXT Table.
 1. Open DB Explorer and log in to EXT schema.
 2. Create a custom table in EXT for the respective source (Example: Payroll_Data)
 2. Create a Custom Stored Procedure.
 1. Open DB Explorer and log in to EXT schema.
 2. Create a custom procedure in EXT to transfer data from TCMP to EXT (Ex: Payroll_Data_Proc)
 3. In this procedure write SQL statements to extract payment data from Commissions and load into the respective custom table (Example: Payroll_Data)
 3. Create FlowGraph#1:
 1. Create a FlowGraph and define Virtual table (Example: Payroll) as your target and Synonym as a source.
 2. Build FlowGraph and Execute.
Optionally, you can create additional flowgraphs to meet your requirements and chain flowgraphs.
To monitor data transfer status and logs, see Monitor Tasks.
Related Articles


text:
About Lead-free Crystal
From the Illustrated Glass Dictionary at GlassOnLine.com:
The type of glass produced when lime in the batch is replaced by lead oxide. The composition of lead crystal is 54-65% silicon dioxide (SiO2), 18-38% lead oxide (PbO), 13-15% soda (Na2O) or potash (K2O), and other oxides. Such glass has a high refractive index and is particularly suited for decoration by cutting.
Barium oxide derived from BaCO3 (witherite) is used principally in optical and crystal glass instead of lime or red lead. Glass which contains barium is lighter than lead crystal but gives comparable brilliance due to its high refractive index.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Siberians develop advanced neurosurgery monitoring system
2 Jun '16
A collaborative team of scientists from several Siberian research institutes has come up with a new monitoring system for neurosurgery. The developers claim it's "unparalleled in the world," portal Russian Science reported.
Using the system is expected to help substantially reduce the number of postsurgical complications, as the solution is said to enable ongoing monitoring of what physicians refer to as specific load on blood vessels—an important factor determining surgery's success or failure. The load changes as surgery goes on; if it exceeds permissible limits, the whole procedure puts the vessels at serious risk. By monitoring the load and taking proper action to reduce it on time surgeons can now prevent vessel damage and avert a lot of postsurgical complications.
Before the new solution was developed possible deteriorations in the blood vessels as a result of overload were basically unpredictable, which led to similar operations having different outcomes.
The project has been funded from a grant by the Russian Scientific Fund.


text:
Colonial and Revolutionary Muster Rolls: Some New Evidence on Nutrition and Migration in Early America
NBER Working Paper No. 374
That investment in human capital has made an important contribution to the increase of labor productivity and per capita income during the last several centuries is widely acknowledged. While much of the research on this issue has focused on education, many scholars have also directed attention to the significance of improvements in nutrition. Until recently, efforts to study this subject have been hampered by a lack of evidence, but it now appears possible to construct indexes of nutrition from height-by-age data. This paper employs a relatively underutilized type of historical document to investigate the level of nutrition in early America. The same material also provides a rich source of information about patterns of migration during this period. This paper finds that native-born Americans approached modern heights by the time of the Revolution. On average, colonial Americans appear to have been 2 to 4 inches taller than Europeans, with southerners considerably taller than northerners and the rural population of greater stature than the urban. These differences may indicate that other factors besides nutrition were important in accounting for the dramatic changes in U.S. mortality rates during the nineteenth century.
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w0374
Published: Sololoff, K.L. and G.C. Villaflor, "Migration in Colonial America: Evidence from the Militia Muster Rolls," Social Science History, Vol. 6, (Fall 1982), pp. 539-570.
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded* these:


text: Buoy is actually two things: the device and the app. The device is the blue cylinder that attaches to the main water input at your home. Water flows through the device, which is connected to your home WiFi network, and sends data to the app. The app categorizes your water use data and shows you where you're using water, so you can take control of your water use and avoid surprise water bills. You can shut off your water using the red button on the Buoy device or, remotely, from the red button in the Buoy app.


Jojo Stardust 2.jpg
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Help improve this article by checking and updating it's info wherever necessary
And now time resumes!
Stop hand.png
~ The Library Ghost in the video game.
~ The Library Ghost after her book bats are destroyed by the ghostbusters.
The Library Ghost (aka The Grey Lady, Gray Lady, Librarian Ghost) was a supporting antagonist in Ghostbusters, and a supporting antagonist in Ghostbusters: The Game.
She was the ghost of librarian Eleanor Twitty and the very first ghost that the Ghostbusters encountered. She appears to be a very odd reader as she likes to stack books up in the air. A team of three paranormal scientists managed to destroy her shield and trap Eleanor, but then some realize that it was to easy to the point it seem to them that she wanted them to have it.
She was portrayed by Ruth Oliver.
Early Life
Eleanor Twitty was born before the 1920s, and became the head librarian of the New York Public Library in New York. According to the newspaper article that Winston Zeddemore researches in 1991, Eleanor was seduced by Edmund Hoover, who was also known as "The Collector" and was a rare book collector. Eleanor was unaware that Hoover was using her to get rare books, including the Gozerian Codex.
When Eleanor realized this, she broke off their relationship and their engagement, but he murdered her in a secret section of the library that was constructed by Ivo Shandor. In 1924, Eleanor was the fifth woman to go missing under mysterious circumstances, and Hoover was caught and hanged before declaring that he would return as Azetlor the Destroyer. Eleanor became a spirit and was cited to be seen by 1924, and she continued to roam the library.
In 1984, the Library Ghost was disturbing the library, and later scared the librarian Alice in the opening of the film. Ray Stanz, Egon Spengler and Peter Venkman, three paranormal scientists, were brought to investigate the disturbance. The three came into contact with the Library Ghost, and when Ray told the group to "get her", she changed into her frightening form and scared them away. It's assumed that Twitty continued to roam the public library, and it's hinted that the Ghostbusters attempted to capture her before 1991.
Ghostbusters: The Video Game
In 1991, The Ghostbusters hear of a ghost outbreak happening at the library while going to the Museum, an decided to settle the score and capture the Grey Lady. The outbreak of ghosts also happened because of a paranormal wave caused by Shandor's descendent, and the mandala nodes in New York.
Ray, Egon, Winston and the new recruit go the library, and come across the Grey Lady after fighting ghosts that could manifest books to attack them. Winston goes to the archives and gives the others information on the Grey Lady's past, and tells them of The Collector and the Gozerian Codex. The information shocks Ray, who has held a grudge against Twitty for scaring them in 1984.
The Ghostbusters continue to look for the Grey Lady, and she is seen reading books, looking over books, and shushing the group when they speak. However, she shows her irritation towards the group by separating them, manifesting books to attack them, and screams "Quiet" to the Rookie when he is separated from Egon and Ray. The Library Ghost takes them deeper into the library, and they found her to an unground room reading the codex, and apparently shows how she was killed when the book attacks her. The Grey Lady allows the Rookie to take the codex, and quietly disappears, causing Ray to believe that she has passed over after they have taken the book, and has let go of her hatred for them.
However, she returns and changes into her "scary form" to fight the Ghostbusters, but is easily defeated and trapped after the group destroy Gozerian books that she was using to generate an energy shield. Ray realizes that the battle was too easy to the point that it seemed that she wanted them to have the codex, and a portal to an alternate dimension appears. Egon reveals the portal is a result of the energy produced from their battle with Twitty, and has caused a dimensional rip.
Ray, Egon and the Rookie go through the dimension, battling other ghosts, and surmise that Twitty did this to lead them to The Collector, who has become Azetlor. Also, Egon and Ray realize that Ilyssa Selwyn is connected to the paranormal events that have happen recently, notably the hotel, the return of Stay Puff, and the ghosts at the library. The Ghostbusters return to the library, but where the membrane of the dimension is still part, and defeat The Collector. After returning to the public library and reuniting with Winston, the group see a Mandala node, seeing one of them closing.
Though Egon and Ray were correct that Twitty allowed them to take the book, but it's possible that she wanted them to defeat The Collector to get her revenge. That being said, she also could have done so presuming that the Ghosbusters and The Collector would die fighting each other. Towards the last act of the video game, Ivo unleashes the Ghostbusters' containment unit to get an alternate energy source, thus releasing every ghost the group had trapped. It's assumed that the Grey Lady escaped, and returned to the public library, went onto the afterlife, or wasn't in the containment unit.
 - She was meant to have an iconic "Quiet!" line, which originated from the artist Berni Wrightson, but it was deleted for a roar in the film. In the video game, the Library Ghost is heard screaming the line.
 GhostbustersTitle.png Villains
Video Games


text:
Waranga western channel outlet
Looking along the channel from the outlet bridge.
Waranga Basin water storage was formed by building an embankment, completed in 1915, at one end of a natural basin. At the time of completion it was reputedly the largest project of its sort in the world. The capacity of the basin is 411,000 megalitres with 5848 hectares (58.5 square kilometres) of submerged land. The embankment runs for 7 kilometres with a maximum height of 12.2 metres.
Water is diverted from the Goulburn River at Goulburn Weir, via the Stuart Murray Canal and Cattanach Canal for off river storage in the basin to provide water for irrigation in several channels north and west across the floodplain of the Goulburn and Campaspe rivers. According to Wikipedia, Waranga Basin supplies water to the Central Goulburn Irrigation Area and Rochester Irrigation Area and as far as 180 kilometres to Pyramid Hill and Boort.


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A one-day symposium on the BBC's local radio audiences is calling for paper proposals. The event will be held in Leicester, UK, on the 8th of November 2017. The symposium is organised by De Montford University and the Media, Communication and Cultural Studies Association.
The event is entitled "Reaching out: the past, present and future of BBC Local Radio Audiences". The organisers have provided the following, non-exhaustive list of topic suggestions:
- BBC Local Radio and its relationship with its audience(s)
- How does BBC Local Radio contribute to achieving a sense of belonging, or responsibility to, a specific region or area?
- Case studies illustrating how the BBC has appealed or is appealing to new audiences
- Local News and the ethics of the Fourth Estate
- The concept of 'local' and how BBC Radio addresses and reaches out to communities within their patch
- The role BBC Local Radio plays in the representation of minority communities in their locality
The deadline for abstract submissions is June 16th.
The full call for papers is available through the ECREA mailing list archive.


text:
The Healing Word | Preaching & Teaching Health Ministry (Patterson)
+ CLICK IMAGE TO ZOOM
Customers also like. . .
Divided into six parts, each with two inspiring sermons, four reflections, and a series of discussion questions. The Healing Word: Preaching and Teaching Health Ministry is an engaging and energizing resource for parish nurses, healthcare workers, and clergy. Deborah Patterson provides a practical and much needed resource if you are searching for a new way to approach the subject of healthcare from a viewpoint that integrates spirituality and well-being. Patterson's years of healthcare and ministry experience give her unique views on healthcare and ministry. The Healing Word is perfect for small group study helping us all better understand the ministry of healing as found in the Word.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Deborah L. Patterson is the Executive Director of Northwest Parish Nurse Ministries, which support the growth and development of parish nursing/faith community nurse programs and health ministries throughout the Pacific Northwest. Deborah is the author of a primer on parish nursing (The Essential Parish Nurse), one on Health Ministries (Health Ministries: A Primer for Clergy and Congregations), a book of prayers and meditations for parish nurses and health ministers, and a book of sermons and adult education resources for health ministries, covering topics such as "access to care, call to health ministry, healthy lifestyles, healthy families, healing our infirmities, and the health of creation." Formerly the Executive Director of the International Parish Nurse Resource Center, Deborah has also personally experienced just how essential a parish nurse can be, and how healing words can make all the difference in the world.
Paperback: 134 pages (5.5 x 8.5 in.)
Copyright © 2018 UCC Resources. All Rights Reserved. All prices USD.


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Aura Hernandez-Sabate, Meritxell Joanpere, Nuria Gorgorio, & Lluis Albarracin. (2015). Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a Tower Defense Game. IJSG - International Journal of Serious Games, 57–71.
Abstract: A qualitative research study is presented herein with the purpose of identifying mathematics learning opportunities in students between 10 and 12 years old while playing a commercial version of a Tower Defense game. These learning opportunities are understood as mathematicisable moments of the game and involve the establishment of relationships between the game and mathematical problem solving. Based on the analysis of these mathematicisable moments, we conclude that the game can promote problem-solving processes and learning opportunities that can be associated with different mathematical contents that appears in mathematics curricula, thought it seems that teacher or new game elements might be needed to facilitate the processes.
Keywords: Tower Defense game; learning opportunities; mathematics; problem solving; game design


Blowing-up noncommutative weighted projective spaces (joint work with Colin Ingalls.)
David Patrick
For any positive integer n, the weighted projective space P(1,1,n) is defined to be Proj k[x,y,z], where x and y have degree 1 and z has degree n. This space has exactly one singular point, and if we blowup at this point, we get the smooth rational surface Fn. In this talk, we discuss the noncommutative analog of this construction. Starting with a noncommutative P(1,1,n), as defined by Stephenson, we will describe the process of blowing-up the ''singular point'' of the noncommutative weighted projective space. The resulting algebra, which resembles the homogeneous coordinate ring of a bundle of rational curves over a rational curve, is the homogeneous coordinate ring of a noncommutative analog of Fn. As time permits, we will describe the relationship between the blowing-up construction and the construction of noncommutative ruled surfaces using bimodules.
created Thu Jun 1 13:11:21 PDT 2000


text:
Inspire Drone Coding Course
Learn the basics of coding and experience applications across all the STEAM subjects.
Acquire the skills to fly a drone virtually and gain an in-depth understanding of the drone industry.
- Five live 1-hour online Drone Coding classes.
- Professional instructor-led classes.
- Make use of the world-renowned DroneBlocks simulator.
- A certificate upon completion.
- Two-month access to DroneBlocks – Coding with drones online curriculum.
Optional extra – DJI Tello Drone
- Purchase a DJI Tello Drone plus 2 batteries to develop your practical drone flying skills.
- This drone is fully compatible with the DroneBlocks coding curriculum used in this course.
- Purchase here


text:
Do Genes Predict Friendship Networks? The Mitigating Role of School Context
Benjamin Domingue, University of Colorado at Boulder
Jason D. Boardman, University of Colorado at Boulder
Jason Fletcher, Yale University
Recent research suggests that the genotype of one friend in a friendship pair is predictive of the genotype of the second friend. These results provide tentative support for the genetic homophily perspective which has important implications for genetic and social epidemiology because it evidences a particular form of gene-environment correlation. This factor may have important implications for both environmental and genetic estimates on health and health-related behaviors that are of interests to social demographers. We extend this work by considering the ways in which school context shapes genetically similar friendships. Using the network, school, and genetic information from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we show that genetic homopily for the TaqI A polymorphism within the DRD2 gene is stronger in schools with greater levels of inequality. Our results highlight the fundamental role played by broad social structures in the extent to which genetic factors explain complex behaviors.
Presented in Session 50: Genes, Biology, and Children


text:
Aqua Max Sport Fish 500, 3/16 Inch(4.8mm) Extruded Floating Fish Food For Trout, Bluegill, Hybrid Striped Bass, Feed Trained Largemouth Bass, Yellow Perch, Sunfish, Crappie, Red Drum, and Many Other Species, 18 Ounces
$19.95 - $18.95
(as of May 20,2022 08:23:39 UTC – Details)
AquaMax products are formulated to be high energy, nutrient dense diets. These highly-digestible diets enable fish to more efficiently utilize nutrients which in turn reduces the biological load in the water column. The extruded pellets reduce the amount of fine feed dust material which helps maintain water quality by minimizing feed waste. Excessive feed fines in water can lodge in fish gills in some species and attract bacteria and fungus. By reducing these feed fines, AquaMax fish diets provide an added health benefit to fish.Ingredients used in manufacturing Purina fish diets are the highest quality in order to maintain consistent nutrition from bag to bag. "Rule of thumb" The lowest priced feed usually does not produce the lowest feed cost per unit gain- Purina feed may cost more per pound than other brands, however because it is higher in nutrients, you actually have to feed less to your fish – which makes Purina fish feeds a tremendous value
Extruded Floating Pellets, 3/16″ (4.8mm). Precision Extrusion Reduces Fines For Less Waste Which Results In A Better Feed Conversion Ratio(FCR) And Water Quality.
A High Energy, Nutrient Dense Diet For Trout, Hybrid Striped Bass, Bluegill, Sunfish, Yellow Perch, Crappie, And Red Drum, Other Carnivorous Species.
Nutritionally Complete Diet For Optimum Growth And Maximum Performance.
18 Ounces Vacuum Packed and Heat Sealed In A Resealable Black Mylar Pouch As Shown In Our Photo.
For any Freshwater fish


text:
Recall is an extension of Microsoft's Visual Studio Code to help you remember stuff using spaced repetition.
It creates flashcards directly from your Markdown notes and let's you test yourself repeatedly to maximize your memory retention. This can be usefull when learning a new language, taking a course on a particular subject, remembering jokes or pretty much anything else you want to remember. The choice is yours 😉
Want to learn more? You can check the documentation site.
How does it work?
Write your notes in Markdown and store them in .md files. Recall will scan your workspace folders, identify possible "flashcards" and test you using spaced repetition.
How are flashcards identified
Recall scans all the .md files in you workspace and identifies flashcards using the following algorithm
To better understand the above, look at the practical examples in the demo folder.
For example, the above screenshot comes from this paragraph
Note: If you want to prevent a page break, put a single space on the line. Make sure you have the
To really train your memory, you should do a daily review of your cards. To run it, simply run the "Recall: Flashcards Test" command in VSCode
(easiest way is to press
A webview will appear show you the first page of the first card to review. You then have the following options/hotkeys:
Every card has a so called "recall level" which indicates how well you remember it. It also represents the number of days after which it will be queued for review again.
All cards start with a default recall level of 1 which means the card will be queued for review the next day. If you mark it as remembered, the recall level will be doubled. If you mark it as forgotten, the recall level will be halved.
You can find the configuration options in Settings (Extensions -> Recall). Pay extra attention to these configuration options
If you need to override the default level of card recognition for a particular file, you can use the YAML header.
For example, to tell Recall that individual bullets should be recognized in the file, simply add the following sequence at the beginning of your .md file.
Import from Mochi
To import export files from Mochi, you can run the Recall: Convert Mochi archive command, select a .mochi archive and for every deck in it a separate new Markdown file will be created. You can then save it anywhere you want.
If your Mochi deck contains media files (e.g. pictures), they will not be extracted. To extract them, simply unzip the .mochi file into a
In certain cases, the import fails. This is due to a bug in the EDN parser library and would be difficult to correct. As a workaround, it is possible to unzip the .mochi file, convert the data.edn file to JSON using this tool, open the JSON file in VSCode and run the "Recall: Convert Mochi JSON" command.
Some concepts of this extension were inspired by the Mochi application. Go ahead and check it out. You may find it more suitable to your needs.
Please note that I am not associated with that project in any way.


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To ensure antennas are tall enough to cover a targeted cell area, cell towers are typically 50 to 200 feet in height. Towers can be standalone structures, such as steel poles or lattice frame, or affixed to other structures.
How tall are communication towers?
The height of a telecommunications tower shall not exceed two hundred and fifty (250) feet. Tower height shall be measured from the ground to the highest point of the tower or any antenna/lighting rod, whichever is higher.
How high do cell phone signals reach?
Some older phones, which have stronger transmitters and operate on analog networks, can be used at a maximum altitude of 10 miles, while phones on newer digital systems can work at altitudes of 5 to 6 miles. A typical airline cruising altitude would be 35,000 feet, or about 6.6 miles.
How tall are 5G towers?
Unlike the lattice cell phone towers that enable LTE networks—hulking, usually between 200 and 400 feet tall, and interspersed miles apart—5G networks rely heavily on petite units, aptly called "small cells," which are often attached to existing utility poles in urban settings. Is 5G Worth Getting an iPhone 12?
How dangerous is climbing cell phone towers?
Cell tower climbing is considered one of the most dangerous jobs in the United States. Individuals who work as cell tower climbers are at risk of sustaining catastrophic injuries, some of which can result in death.
Is Burj Khalifa taller than Mount Everest?
Which leads me to wonder: How many Burj Khalifa's tall is Mount Everest? Well, according to Wolfram|Alpha, Mount Everest is 29,035 feet high…which is about 5.5 miles (or 8.85 kilometers)! As we discovered yesterday, at 2717 feet the Burj Khalifa is just over 0.5 miles high.
What is the tallest thing in America?
|1||One World Trade Center||2014|
|2||Central Park Tower||2020|
|3||Willis Tower †||1974|
|4||111 West 57th Street*||2020|
Do planes block cell signal?
"The FAA bans the use of cell phones for safety reasons. FAA regulations prohibit anything that intentionally emits a signal, which includes cells phones used for voice communications. It would be up to an airline to demonstrate that a call phone does not cause electronic interference.
How far does a cell phone tower reach?
A typical cellphone has enough power to reach a cell tower up to 45 miles away. Depending on the technology of the cellphone network, the maximum distance may be as low as 22 miles because the signal otherwise takes too long for the highly accurate timing of the cellphone protocol to work reliably.
How far apart can 5G towers be?
5G wavelengths have a range of about 1,000 feet, not even 2% of 4G's range.
Are there 5G towers in USA?
5G coverage is rapidly expanding across thousands of U.S. cities. AT&T, T-Mobile, and Verizon have each launched 5G networks with both high-capacity mmWave and long-range sub-6 bands.
Who owns 5G towers?
The company's three largest tenants are AT&T (19% of revenues), T-Mobile (18% of revenues), and Verizon (14% of revenues).
Who invented 5G?
Q: Who invented 5G? A: No one company or person owns 5G, but there are several companies within the mobile ecosystem that are contributing to bringing 5G to life. Qualcomm has played a major role in inventing the many foundational technologies that drive the industry forward and make up 5G, the next wireless standard.
How much do you get paid to climb cell towers?
While it's a dangerous job, the role of transmission tower climber pays relatively well. In 2017, their median salary was $56,000 per year according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, which equates to $26.92 per hour.
How long does it take to climb a 1500 ft tower?
It had taken us exactly three hours to climb 1500 ft.
Is it illegal to climb a cell tower?
I like climbing on cell towers, you know the ones that consist of lots of metallic triangles, and are really high? Can I get sterile by doing this? First off, it's completely illegal to climb these, and depending on the circumstances could have some fairly severe penalties.


Monday, April 10, 2006
How Much are Gold Coins
How much are gold coins is a question that is asked everyday as the value of gold moves fluctuates.
When you buy gold coins you also pay for the dealers mark up or premium as well as shipping and sometimes insurance costs. Because of this additional cost it can take a while before you recoup the value of what you have spent.
But gold has been rising and has jumped from around 250 US dollars per ounce five years ago to over 600 USD an ounce. If you bought a one ounce gold coin 2 years ago you would have paid the value of one ounce of gold plus some extra to the dealer, maybe an additional 20 percent as well as shipping, another 5-10 dollars maybe. However, since gold has risen so dramatically, you will have doubled the value of your gold coin to cover the dealer's profit and the shipping and made a profit yourself, if you were to sell of course.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, "Of the 193,000 metric tons of gold discovered to date, 62% is found in just four countries on earth. All the gold discovered thus far would fit in a cube 22 meters on a side." 20 to 30 percent of this is held in bank vaults and the balance, 70 to 80 percent, is mostly held privately in the form of jewelry, coins and bullion.
Gold coins are a significant part of the total gold in the world.
It is quite likely that gold will continue to rise and that, even though buying gold coins now while gold seems 'high' may not look like a good idea, gold is something that has traditionally held its purchasing value for over 200 years. It seems it is fiat currency (the dollar) that is losing its purchasing value. It makes sense therefore to keep and even add to one's own gold 'reserves' in the long term.
'How much are gold coins?' becomes not such an important question then as 'How much gold can I own?'
No comments:


text:
By Colleen Fisher Tully
- whole cooked lobster, cooled
- kitchen shears
- bamboo skewers
- lobster-shell cracker or nutcracker
1. The Tail
Bend lobster tail back slightly and twist to remove—it should come apart easily. Starting at open end, using kitchen shears, cut shell down middle of tail's underside, as shown. Open up shell like a book; remove meat in one piece. If there is green pasty stuff (the liver and pancreas, called tomalley), wipe it away with a paper towel and discard. The same goes for any tiny eggs.
Editor's Note: Some Canadians love tomalley! Just remember, Health Canada advises children avoid it and adults to restrict their consumption to no more than the amount found in one lobster.
2. The Claws, Part A
Twist two front legs off body of lobster. If they don't twist off easily, use kitchen shears to snip through any cartilage. Bend small pincer back and forth until it breaks off, as shown. Carefully pull shell away from meat to keep claw intact. If meat breaks apart, use bamboo skewer to pull meat out of pincer.
3. The Claws, Part B
Using lobster shell cracker, break into large claw shell at base, as shown. Using fingers or skewer, pull out claw meat. If needed, use kitchen shears to cut into shell further, opening it like a book and lifting out meat. Make sure all hard cartilage has detached from claw meat before setting aside. Don't forget the knuckle! Break this leg section into pieces and push out meat with skewer.
4. Reserve Shells
Now you have the secret ingredient to the most amazing soups, stocks and flavoured butters: lobster shells. If you can't use them right away, toss them in a freezer-safe bag or container and store them in the freezer.
Editor's Note: The skinny leg pieces have very small bits of meat you can extract with a skewer, or many cooks leave them intact to help flavour the next recipe.
Here's how to make Lobster Butter.
From lobster rolls to risottos to decadent eggs Benedict, there's no end to enjoying succulent Canadian lobster meat. Try it in this seafaring chef's signature dish: Oleg's Seafood Chowder.


ctype_print
Check for printable character(s)
Description
bool ctype_print ( string $text )
Checks if all of the characters in the provided string, text, are printable.
Parameters
text
The tested string.
Return Values
Returns TRUE if every character in text will actually create output (including blanks). Returns FALSE if text contains control characters or characters that do not have any output or control function at all.
Examples
Example #1 A ctype_print example
<?php
$strings
= array('string1' => "asdf\n\r\t"'string2' => 'arf12''string3' => 'LKA#@%.54');
foreach (
$strings as $name => $testcase) {
 if (
ctype_print($testcase)) {
 echo
"The string '$name' consists of all printable characters.\n";
 } else {
 echo
"The string '$name' does not consist of all printable characters.\n";
 }
}
?>
The above example will output:
The string 'string1' does not consist of all printable characters.
The string 'string2' consists of all printable characters.
The string 'string3' consists of all printable characters.
Notes
Note:
If an integer between -128 and 255 inclusive is provided, it is interpreted as the ASCII value of a single character (negative values have 256 added in order to allow characters in the Extended ASCII range). Any other integer is interpreted as a string containing the decimal digits of the integer.
See Also
 - ctype_cntrl
 - ctype_graph
 - ctype_punct


text:
Rideshare services like Uber and Lyft have become extremely popular ways to get around major cities like Houston. Their convenience and usually lower costs compared to taxis have made them a go-to for many people needing transportation.
If you're short on time, here's a quick answer to your question: The average Uber cost per mile in Houston ranges from $1.13 to $2.75 depending on the type of Uber service you select.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll break down exactly how Uber pricing works per mile for the various Uber service levels in Houston. We'll also provide tips on how to estimate your Uber fare before your trip.
How Uber Pricing Works
Uber pricing is based on several factors that determine the cost per mile in Houston. Understanding how Uber pricing works can give riders a better idea of how their fares are calculated. Let's explore the key elements of Uber pricing:
The base fare is the initial charge that riders incur as soon as they start their trip. It covers the cost of getting a driver to your location and also includes a small portion of the driver's time and vehicle expenses. The base fare is the same for all types of vehicles within the Uber fleet.
It is important to note that the base fare does not vary with the distance or duration of the trip.
Per Mile Rate
The per mile rate is the amount charged for each mile traveled during the trip. This rate covers the fuel and maintenance costs incurred by the driver while driving. The per mile rate is calculated based on the estimated distance of the trip using GPS technology.
In Houston, the per mile rate for Uber varies depending on the type of vehicle and the current demand. It is usually higher during peak hours and lower during off-peak hours.
Per Minute Rate
The per minute rate is the amount charged for the time spent in the vehicle during the trip. This rate compensates the driver for their time and accounts for any delays or traffic encountered along the route.
The per minute rate is calculated based on the estimated duration of the trip using GPS technology. The per minute rate for Uber in Houston also varies depending on the type of vehicle and the current demand.
It is important to keep in mind that Uber pricing can also be influenced by additional factors such as surge pricing, tolls, and any applicable booking fees. Surge pricing occurs when there is high demand for rides and prices increase temporarily to encourage more drivers to come online.
Tolls and booking fees are added to the final fare to cover any additional expenses incurred during the trip.
For more information about Uber pricing in Houston, you can visit the official Uber fare estimator on their website. This tool allows you to get an estimate of how much your Uber trip will cost based on your starting point and destination.
Keep in mind that the final fare may vary depending on real-time factors such as traffic conditions and any additional fees incurred during the trip.
UberX Cost per Mile in Houston
UberX base fare
The base fare for an UberX ride in Houston is typically around $2.50 to $3.00. This is the initial cost that you are charged as soon as you start your trip. The base fare covers the driver's time and expenses to reach your location and get the trip started.
UberX per mile rate
The per mile rate for an UberX ride in Houston is generally between $0.80 and $1.00. This means that for every mile you travel, you will be charged this amount in addition to the base fare. The per mile rate takes into account factors such as fuel costs, maintenance, and wear and tear on the vehicle.
UberX per minute rate
In addition to the per mile rate, there is also a per minute rate for UberX rides in Houston. This rate typically ranges from $0.15 to $0.20 per minute. The per minute rate is designed to compensate the driver for their time spent waiting in traffic or at red lights during your trip.
UberX minimum fare
The minimum fare for an UberX ride in Houston is usually around $5.00. This means that even if your trip is very short, you will still be charged this minimum amount. The minimum fare helps to ensure that drivers are adequately compensated for their time and expenses, especially for short trips.
It's important to note that these rates can vary slightly depending on factors such as demand, time of day, and any additional fees or surcharges that may apply. For the most accurate and up-to-date information on UberX pricing in Houston, you can visit the Uber website or check the Uber app.
Other Uber Service Costs per Mile
UberXL is a larger and more spacious option for those who need extra room for passengers or luggage. It is perfect for group outings or airport trips with a larger number of people. The cost per mile for UberXL in Houston is slightly higher compared to the regular UberX service, but it offers a larger vehicle and more seating capacity.
The pricing for UberXL varies depending on factors such as demand and time of day.
UberSELECT is a step up from the standard UberX service, offering a more luxurious and comfortable ride. With UberSELECT, riders can expect to be picked up by a higher-end vehicle such as a luxury sedan or SUV.
The cost per mile for UberSELECT in Houston is typically higher than UberX, reflecting the upgraded experience and premium vehicles provided.
UberBLACK is the premium option in the Uber lineup, offering high-end luxury vehicles and professional drivers. This service is perfect for special occasions, business meetings, or when you simply want to travel in style.
The cost per mile for UberBLACK in Houston is higher compared to other Uber services due to the top-notch vehicles and professional drivers that are part of the UberBLACK experience.
UberSUV is the ultimate option for those who need a spacious and luxurious ride for larger groups or to accommodate extra luggage. With UberSUV, you can expect to be picked up by a high-end SUV, providing ample space and comfort.
The cost per mile for UberSUV in Houston is higher than other Uber services due to the larger and more luxurious vehicles provided.
Please note that the costs mentioned above are approximate and can vary based on factors such as demand, time of day, and any applicable surge pricing. For the most accurate and up-to-date pricing information, it is recommended to check the official Uber website or app.
Estimating Your Uber Fare
Figuring out how much your Uber ride will cost in Houston can be tricky since fares are calculated based on time, distance, location, demand, and other factors. However, there are some useful tips to get a ballpark estimate of your fare before booking a ride.
Base Fare and Per Mile/Minute Rates
All Uber rides in Houston start with a base fare of $2.20. From there, riders are charged based on time and distance traveled. The per mile rate is $1.54 while the per minute rate is $0.1875 (when the vehicle is traveling under 11 mph). Knowing these key rates helps estimate fares.
Estimate Based on Distance
Since per mile charges make up a significant portion of Uber fares, estimating costs based on the distance of your trip is a good starting point. For example, a 10 mile UberX ride would cost roughly:
Base fare: $2.20
10 miles x $1.54 per mile = $15.40
Total fare = Around $17.60 plus applicable fees/surcharges
The Uber app also shows estimated fares for trips before you book. Simply enter your destination and you'll see the projected fare range.
Factors That Increase Your Fare
While the base rates help estimate a standard Uber fare, several factors can raise the final price:
- Surge pricing – Fares increase during high demand
- Tolls/fees – Riders pay for any tolls or fees incurred during the trip
- Prime Time rates – Increased fares during busy times
- Uber Comfort/UberXL – Upgraded or larger vehicles cost more
Surge pricing, in particular, can dramatically increase fares – often by 2-3x the standard rates. Avoiding peak times can help riders curb higher Uber costs when possible.
Estimate with the Uber Fare Calculator
For the most accurate fare estimate, use the Uber online fare calculator. This tool allows you to enter your starting point and destination, then shows a detailed breakdown of estimated base fare, fees, surge pricing, tolls costs, and other charges.
Testing routes and times in the calculator displays how demand impacts fares. Seeing the difference between a Tuesday afternoon fare vs. Friday night fare paints a clear picture of when surcharges apply.
While Uber prices in Houston can shift based on many variables, arming yourself with the basic rates, online features, and surge awareness puts riders in the best position to understand the cost per mile of an Uber ride.
Saving on Your Uber Ride
When it comes to taking an Uber in Houston, it's always a good idea to find ways to save money. Whether you're a frequent Uber user or just looking for ways to cut down on transportation costs, there are a couple of strategies you can use to minimize your expenses.
In this article, we'll explore two ways to save on your Uber ride: avoiding surge pricing and using UberPOOL.
Avoid surge pricing
Surge pricing is a feature of Uber that increases prices during times of high demand. It's a way to incentivize more drivers to get on the road and meet the increased demand. While surge pricing can be frustrating, there are ways to avoid it and save money on your ride.
One tip is to check the Uber app at different times of the day to see if surge pricing is in effect. Surge pricing is typically more common during peak hours, such as rush hour or late at night when people are leaving bars and


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Services, Economic Development, Education, and environmental safeguarding, and provide safety to its public. About $1.8 billion goes to people who are homeless, victims of domestic abuse, and children in adoptive families.
Game and Fish Department Heritage Funds get $201 million. which supports outdoor entertainment and protects vital wildlife.
Reference: See for reference, how to claim the prize, play a jackpot prize game, and complaints _URL_.


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FRIENDS for Life
FRIENDS for Life is an evidence-based prevention program proven to be effective in building emotional resilience and teaching strategies that are practical and useful for coping with times of worry and change. These are important skills that can help children cope with stress, which they can use throughout their life.
The FRIENDS program was developed by Dr. Paula Barrett, a clinical child psychologist in Australia, and is being used in schools and clinics around the world. FRIENDS normalizes the emotional state of anxiety and promotes self-confidence in dealing with difficult or anxiety provoking situations. It helps children acquire important life skills, which include:
- Awareness of their feelings
- Relaxation skills
- Problem-solving skills
- How to face feared situations gradually
- Building peer support
- Identifying positive role models
- Looking for pleasant events
- Positive thinking skills
- Use of positive self-talk
- Self-rewards for being brave
- Evaluation of performance in terms of effort and partial success
When: Please contact the Parenting Program Coordinator at _PHONE_ for information about when the next group will be held.
For information or registration, contact the Parenting Program Coordinator at _PHONE_ or by email at _EMAIL_. A complete schedule of upcoming parenting courses is available on our Schedule of Current Events.


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A male Western Lowland Gorilla born at the Oklahoma City Zoo on Valentine's Day was given a name on his one-month birthday: the baby will be called Leom, which combines the last two letters of his mother's name, Kelele, and his father's name, Bom Bom.
Leom is the first birth for 19-year-old Kelele, who has ben providing excellent care to her newborn. Female Gorillas carry their infants 24 hours a day, never putting them down. Leom's father, Bom Bom, was a beloved 36-year-old silverback who died in July 2012 of cardiac arrest.
Photo Credits: Andrea Wright (1,3,4,5); Gillian Lang (2)
The zoo's three young male Gorillas, who have never seen a baby Gorilla before, are very curious about Leom. Kelele, always protective of her baby, keeps her distance from them for now.
With Leom's birth, the Oklahoma City Zoo continues its involvement in the
Gorilla Species Survival Plan (SSP) through the Association of Zoos and
Aquariums (AZA). One of the SSP's most important roles is to ensure that the Gorilla
population remains healthy, genetically-diverse, and self-sustaining.


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Was there a school in Wilmington named for Zebulon B. Vance?
Gail Calloway
Q. Was there ever a school in Wilmington by the name of Zebulon B. Vance? Time period would have been in the 1940s.
Zebulon B. Vance was born in 1830 in Weaverville, in Buncombe County near Asheville. He was governor of the Confederate State of North Carolina during the Civil War, an N.C. Congressman, state legislator, and Confederate colonel. He was an influential leader of the Civil War Reconstruction in North Carolina and is considered by some to be the most popular political leader the state has ever produced.
Being the astute and beloved person that he was, there are many monuments, towns, buildings and schools named after him all across the state. The schools found named after him are Zebulon B. Vance High School in Charlotte, and Zebulon B.Vance Elementary in Kittrel. None were found in the Cape Fear area.
If any readers remember a school in Southeastern North Carolina named for Vance, let us know in the Comments section below.
Who are the schools named after?
Why did they change the name of the Williston Trojans to Tigers?
User-contributed question by:
Kay Moore
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2
This example gets the QoS policy named wildcard and updates the precedence of the policy to 250.
PS C:\> Get-NetQosPolicy –Name "wildcard" | Set-NetQosPolicy -Precedence 250
EXAMPLE 3
This example updates the QoS policy named Backup with additional matching conditions.
PS C:\> Set-NetQosPolicy –Name "Backup" -IPDstPortStart 3501 -IPDstPortEnd 3510
EXAMPLE 4
This example updates the QoS policy named IIS, so that it applies to the return traffic for both the specified URI and subdirectories and files under the URI. This cmdlet also sets a new throttling rate at 3,000,000 bytes per second. Note: An alias for the ThrottleRateActionBytesPerSecond parameter is ThrottleRateAction. Another alias is MaxBw.
PS C:\> Set-NetQosPolicy –Name "IIS" -Recursive $true -ThrottleRateActionBytesPerSecond 3000KB
Online Version
Get-NetQosPolicy
New-NetQosPolicy
Remove-NetQosPolicy


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Pomegranate in Israel
Pomegranate is known as a drought tolerant crop, yet regular irrigation is mandatory to commercial yield production.
Water levels and optimal irrigation regime depend on a plurality of factors as soil type, tree size, physiological phase and potential evaporation.
As a rule the tree needs little supplemental irrigation. The commonly used irrigation regime in pomegranate orchards relies mainly on the experience gained by growers and less on formal experiments led in Israel and/ or other countries.
- Fruit and agro-industrial crop
- Climatic change & water scarcity concerns
- Rising fertilizer & labour costs
- Leaching and washing away of nutrients by runoff
- Low water & fertilizer use efficiency
- Low productivity/ha
Need for drip
- Economic importance of pomegranate in meeting growing demand
- To conserve water, increase water & fertilizer use efficiency and optimize cane yields
- Mr. Ilan Cohen, Email: _EMAIL_; Mobile: 00972-50-_PHONE_
- Location: Sdey-Yaacov (32° 07' 0" N-latitude, 35° 13' 0" E-longitude), Israel Valley, Afula, Israel
- Area: 12 ha
- Crop varieties: Wonderful, Shani, Black, Akov, 116, Mollar (from Spain)
- Crop spacing: Row to row – 7.0 m and Plant to plant – 4.0 m
- Year of planting: 2002
- Propagation: Seedlings developed from Cuttings
- Plant population at harvest: 357 plants/ha
- Crop season: Flowering in March-April and harvesting in September-October every year
- Climate: Equatorial humid climate with dry winter, Frost free, Maximum temperature – °C, Minimum temperature – °C, Mean vapour pressure hPa, mean wind speed km/hour, day length hours, sunshine duration hours, Total rainfall – mm/year, Effective rainfall – mm/year and Reference crop evapotranspiration – mm/year, Moisture availability index.
- Soil physical properties: Clayey soil texture; soil pH – 7.8 and bulk density – 1.4 g/cm3; Water table below 6 m
- Water source: Reservoir
- Power source: Gravity pressure
Agro-solution: What has been done
- Subsurface drip irrigation system: Head control unit, main & sub-main pipes besides UniRam integral dripline 16 mm diameter, with a lateral spacing of 3.5 m (2 driplines per each row spaced at 7 m), emitter spacing of 0.5 m and emitter flow rate 1.6 Litres/hour. Each crop row was irrigated with two laid out on soil surface.
- Year of drip system installation: 2002
- Agronomic & Technical support: Varietal selection; Pruning; Soil preparation; Crop water requirement & irrigation scheduling (depth and frequency of water application; water quality consideration, measurement of applied water) & fertigation scheduling (soil & water analysis, estimation of nutrient dose, selection of fertilizers & compatibility, application skill via drip system, foliar diagnosis for nutrient deficiencies etc); System operation (pressure reading & maintenance, valves operation, measurement of applied water) & maintenance (cleaning of filters, fertilizer tank, acid treatment, chlorination etc).
- Training & capacity building: Soil water plant relationships, drip irrigation & fertigation principles, benefits, limitations & utility; water quality & herbicide usage.
- Improved total fruit yield: Surface drip 45 to 48 tons/ha)/li>
- Yield under control plots: 25 to 35 tons/ha
- Improved fruit quality: Large & uniform size (> 450 g/fruit) and bright colour.
- Irrigation water requirement: Surface drip 4500 m3/ha ( mm/ha)
- Saving in water over conventional irrigation scheduling practice: 3000 m3/ha
- Additional area irrigated by saved water: 0.66 ha.
- Other benefits: Saving in fuel expenses, uniform flowering, higher fruit size, bright fruit colour, bold arils; improvement in fertilizer use efficiency, management flexibility, less weed growth, uniform irrigation of pomegranate on undulated terrains etc
- Drip irrigation of pomegranate in Israel is a feasible eco-technological and economically viable technology
- Use of scarce water resources sustainably in pomegranate cultivation to bring larger area under cane cultivation
- Higher productivity & improved fruit quality and increased income to farmers
- Pomegranate best management practices – Variety, Pruning, Surface or Subsurface Drip Irrigation & Fertigation scheduling
Grow More: 37% Fruit yield
With Less: Water saving 66%


Language selection
Czech Republic cultural insights
On this page
Local and Canadian perspectives for the following subjects:
Local perspective
At first contact Czechs may often seem cautious and impersonal and/or indifferent, but with a tactful approach they might become effectively engaged. You have to consider the language barrier if you don't speak reasonably fluent Czech. However, even a few words of Czech will make a good impression. Not too many Czechs are able to communicate in English or French at a comfortable level.
Czechs almost never go straight to the point and meetings start with some small talk. They like very much negotiating and the first meeting is usually just for discussion on a general level. After the first meeting, they decide whether to continue or not. You should be well prepared and remember to allow enough time.
As in most parts of the world, topics such as weather or "where are you from" are safe to begin your conversation with. Explanations regarding the purpose of your visit might also work as an ice-breaker. No special taboos exists, except that vulgarities/obscenities should be avoided as in any other country. Otherwise, anything positive that the person can relate to can break the ice; for instance, it is advisable to know at least a couple of names of Czech players in the NHL.
As Czech culture is characterized by the relatively strong sense of masculinity, other suitable general topics for a conversation are sports, beer, and politics with man, or shopping or prices with women. Czechs are usually critical of politicians but foreigners are not supposed to volunteer their opinion on Czech politics. If you want to speak about politics, remember to be neutral. For instance, don't get dragged into criticizing the former communists (or the communist regime) unless you are sure that this is not controversial topic with you're the person you are talking to; remember that he or she might be one of the former or current communists. (Even now, one in five Czechs votes for the not-too-reformed Communist Party.)
Humour is part of traditional Czech culture, sometimes this is a "wetter" kind of humour than British or Canadian "dry" humour. This does not necessarily mean a "black" humour; at the same time, it is often a humour without any political correctness, sometimes containing "racial slurs." It is also extremely important to realize that Czech have two modes of speaking to one another: a) "vykání" or "polite form"—using the 2nd person plural when talking to an adult; and b) "tykání" or "familiar form"—using the 2nd person singular when talking to a good friend, family member, or a child. When talking in Czech to an adult in the Czech Republic you must always use the polite form (vykání) unless the person asked you to use the familiar mode.
Czechs have, perhaps, a stronger sense of etiquette than Canadians. Coughing or yawning without covering your mouth, spitting in public, littering, chewing a gum when talking to another person, or not offering a seat to an older person or woman on public transit, etc. are considered impolite if not socially unacceptable. Don't forget to behave with a special courtesy to women.
Canadian perspective
When encountering a Czech person for the first time from the country they will instantly make you feel welcome. If you tell them that you are from North America the locals initiate a conversation with you. They want to have the knowledge of our culture and determine the differences between us and their own culture. Conversations topics are usually on how the country is filled with cultural richness, arts, music and food. You're always surrounded by humour (lots of dirty jokes). Laughter comes from their history of overcoming hardship and winning victories. The one topic of conversation to be avoided is politics which always leads to debates about communism and the fall of communism. This topic always seem to leave people very bitter.
Communication styles
Local perspective
Regional /local background, level of education, and individual temperament are key factors in determining peoples' level of comfort with touching and gestures.
Although Czechs generally have quite a developed sense of space in personal dealings with one another, the actual distance depends very much on the context of the situation and the individual inclinations of persons involved. Distance is usually greater when speaking or dealing with not-yet-familiar people. The best guidance here is to observe. After an initial obligatory handshake, gauge each person's degree of comfort with touching and their preference for personal space, and then adjust as needed while maintaining your own level of comfort.
Regular eye contact is required if you want to be judged as trustworthy. Czechs will not necessarily maintain continuous eye contact (especially when they take their time to "think through" their response), but it is considered a sign of ill or "suspicious" intentions if a person refuses to make or is avoiding eye contact.
It is customary to shake hands with both men and women when greeting them. There are set rules for initiating a handshake. For example, it is expected that one should wait until an older person or a woman offers a handshake. In a familiar setting it may be customary that men and women will give each other a hug and /or kiss on each cheek; however, foreigners are advised not to initiate such actions. While talking, men generally do not touch other men unless they have reached a fairly high level of familiarity and comfort with that person. If one of the two persons is of significantly higher age or prestige, he/she might initiate occasional touching to show his/her assurances or for emphasis. This practice applies to a lesser degree for contact between men and women and it is usually considered a test of "good manners" that a man does not initiate any touching. The rules for a woman touching another woman are similar to those for men.
Czechs make relatively little use of gestures, though perhaps they use them slightly more than Canadians. It is interesting to note that they find a lot of gesturing annoying and ill-mannered. There are some gestures that are considered rude: waving a lifted fist, waiving a pointed index finger, pointing at someone, and especially pointing one's finger to one's forehead. A common, if not overly polite way of showing disapproval is by moving one's head from the right to the left while frowning.
Canadian perspective
In the Czech culture, hand gestures are a part of who they are. A non-local may sit and watch a conversation and actually know what is going on through movement and facial expressions. When my husband visited the country for the first time, he had no knowledge of the language at all and he managed to haggle the price of a pair of shoes to half its price simply through the use of hand gestures.
Though they are very accepting of visitors it is important to be more soft spoken to the older generation. Form of verbs and pronouns are the same in Czech as in French, to be formal you use third person (similar to vous) and not as formal you use (the equivalent of tu). Czech people are very loud and expressive and yet very formal and well spoken. They will get very insulted if a person is not well mannered. A simple handshake at every gathering is well received.
Display of emotion
Local perspective
Public displays of affection or anger might be more frequently observable in the Czech Republic than is the case with English Canadians but it differs significantly from one individual to another. It is not a matter whether such displays are "acceptable" but rather that they are tolerated to a larger degree than is the norm in Canada.
Canadian perspective
I find it ironic that such an expressive culture can be so evasive towards public affection. Pornographic magazines are on full view on every newsstand, television is very explicit with a lot of nudity and the younger generation is very uninhibited in its fashion statements. Public affection is almost taboo, but getting angry in public or loud is just a way of being demonstrative.
Dress, punctuality & formality
Local perspective
Work styles and dress code differ between workplaces but it is important to be punctual, orderly, and clean. The norm of working relationship at workplaces is slightly more formal than in Canada. Generally, Czechs are becoming increasingly informal. Women tend to dress nicely and wear sophisticated makeup in the "white-collar" workplace. The bigger the organization and the higher placed officials you visit, the more formal dress is expected, especially if you are to meet people for the first time in their official capacity.
Supervisors, colleagues, or anybody whom you meet for the first time must not be addressed by the first name, unless there is a mutual agreement to do so - which can sometimes come at an informal party but, more often than not, never. Using a person's professional or academic title - "Pane Profesore", "Pane Doktore", etc. - or "Pane", "Paní" (Mr. or Mrs.) with the last name are the only appropriate ways of addressing an adult until otherwise agreed.
In most Czech workplaces deadlines usually come with the expectation that they will be met; although there is often some degree of flexibility. When meeting the deadline is uncertain, people will often negotiate in good faith and/or try to explain or apologize. It is rather uncommon to work considerable overtime in order to meet a deadline, though the nature of the workplace, significance of the task ahead, or institutional custom may sometimes require it. The approach to time in terms of productivity awareness, absenteeism, etc. differs significantly between workplaces. In some of them, attitudes inherited from the former communist regime might prevail; in such workplaces disregard for the time factor is rather high and morale rather low. Also, on average, Czechs call in more paid "sick days" than in most other countries in Europe, if only to take


text:
DID YOU KNOW? DTIC has over 3.5 million final reports on DoD funded research, development, test, and evaluation activities available to our registered users. Click HERE
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HALL AND RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS
ITT FEDERAL LABS NUTLEY N J
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Research was performed to determine the inherent phenomena causing semiconductivity in diamonds, with special consideration for the rare natural type II-b material. In the reported phase of this work, resistivity and Hall coefficient have been carefully measured on several type II-b samples over the temperature range of 100 K to 900 K. the apparatus developed for these measurements is described. From these measure ments, the activation energy of the principal acceptor level was determined for each specimen, and concentrations of donors and acceptors were deduced by a graphical method. Author
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE


text:
Kenya 's Indigenous Forests: Status, Management and Conservation
30 June 1995 | Downloads - publication
Wass, Peter, ed.
IUCN, Forest Conservation Programme ; United Kingdom, Overseas Development Administration
The IUCN Forest Conservation Programme ; no.019
Gland : IUCN, 1995. xi, 204p., maps.
The result of the work of the Kenya Indigenous Forest Conservation programme, this report provides a summary of the existing information about Kenya's indigenous forests. Covers geographical background; assessment of the biodiversity, environmental services, and wood products functions and values; population pressures; utilisation; economic value; policy; legislation; management guidelines and criteria for management planning of such forests.
Note: Includes 14 appendices with lists of endangered bird and mammal species, of trees, of forested protected areas, reports prepared under the KIFCON Programme (Kenya Indigenous Forest Conservation Programme). Includes bibliographic references