text:
SEAM (Simple Extensible Abstract Machine) is a
virtual machine architecture and library. SEAM is designed to be
languageand platform-independent, to be simple
and based on few principled services.
- Uniform data representation and memory management.
All datastructures used to represent computations, including code and
threads, reside in an abstract store, which represents
an abstract graph of data nodes.
Language specific datastructures are modelled on top of the
language-independent store structures. The store manages the allocation
of nodes and their efficient layout in memory.
- Platform-independent external representation.
Store values are converted to a portable representation during
export (pickling), and converted back during
import (unpickling). A language-independent
transfer language is defined
to describe values independent from platform.
Unpickling operates with respect to runtime-pluggable
language-dependent transformation. For example, language specific code
can be instantiated either to byte code or to native code.
- Abstract execution model.
Computations are defined by a generic evaluator interface.
SEAM supports arbitrarily many codes and
evaluators to be used at the same time and interact freely. In particular,
common virtual machine services like foreign
function interfaces are easily expressible.
SEAM is used successfully to implement the new virtual machine underlying
the Alice Programming System.
- 2004/10/04: preliminary "SEAM" home page online
- 2002/03/20: first version of "SEAM" VM is working
The SEAM Project is partially funded by the DFG (SFB
378, Project MI
6 - NEP).
Wed Mar 21 12:05:26 2007


text:
How to Set Up a Project Document in Microsoft Project 2002
- Oct 4, 2002
In this chapter
Setting up a new Project document correctly from the beginning will help make your use of Microsoft Project much easier. Before you enter the first task in a new project, it's a good idea to examine several settings and make any needed changes to them. Although there are no defined rules for doing this, by following the steps outlined in this chapter, you will be able to create a more accurately calculated schedule.
You generally use most of the default settings in Microsoft Project to schedule tasks. Project also allows flexibility and adaptability to accurately reflect the actual workings of each individual project. You can change many of these settings after tasks and resources have already been entered into the project. However, by addressing these issues up front, you are guaranteed to communicate a schedule that is based on logic and calculated reason.
Although you can address the preliminaries of a project in any order, the order in which the topics are presented in this chapter is the order recommended when you begin developing your first project.
Supplying Information for a New Project
You should understand the working conditions in a project, including the working calendar and holidays, before attempting to set up the project. Project calculates the schedule for activities based on this information, so you should outline this information before you begin using Project to schedule tasks.
When you begin working with Project, you typically start by setting up the environmental working options. Next, you define the working time calendar, considering working hours and nonworking time. After you set up a calendar, you might want to print it for review at a later time. You might also want to use the same calendar for other projects; to do this, you need to use the Organizer, which is described later in this chapter.
Project 2002 includes two new wizards: the New Project Wizard and the Calendar Wizard. Using wizards in Microsoft products makes the setup process easy and complete. You are strongly encouraged to take advantage of these new wizards to expedite your setup time and allow you to focus on defining the scope of work for the project.
When you start a new project, you must consider whether you want the project to be scheduled from a specific start date or scheduled backward from a predetermined finish date. It is not possible to do both: You must either schedule forward based on the project's start date or schedule backward based on the project's finish date. When Project calculates the forward-scheduling of tasks, it considers many factors, including the duration of the tasks, the base calendar selected, the settings set by the user, dependencies defined between activities, the calendar of the resource assigned, and, if one is created, a specific task calendar that is assigned to the activity. When Project calculates the backward-scheduling of tasks, it does essentially the same thing it does when forward-scheduling, except that it calculates backward from the project's fixed end date.
In addition to calendar information, you need to provide summary information; Project inserts this information into many of the reports it can generate, and this information enables Project users to search for specific contents of files saved on your computer. You enter this summary information into the Properties dialog box, which you access by selecting File, Properties. The following sections describe how you input data into the Project Information and Properties dialog boxes.
Using the Project Information Dialog Box
To start a new file, choose File, New or click the New button on the Standard toolbar. Microsoft Project automatically displays the Project Information dialog box.
You use the Project Information dialog box to record basic information about a project, such as the starting date and the base calendar to use for scheduling. To access the Project Information dialog box at any time, you choose Project, Project Information.
Figure 3.1 shows the Project Information dialog box that appears in the Standard edition of Project. Figure 3.2 shows the Project Information dialog box that appears in the Professional edition of Microsoft Project.
Figure 3.1 The Project Information dialog box defines the start date for a project.
Figure 3.2 The Project Information dialog box for the Professional edition includes enterprise custom project level fields.
If the Project Information dialog box does not display when you open a new project, choose Tools, Options. On the General tab, mark the Prompt for Project Info for New Projects check box. Then start a new file; the Project Information dialog box should now appear (see Figure 3.3).
Figure 3.3 The option to have the Project Information dialog box appear when you open a new project is available under the General tab of the Options dialog box.
The fields in the Project Information dialog box are as follows:
Start Date, Finish Date, and Schedule FromThe Schedule from drop-down selects whether the project forward schedules from a start Date or backwards schedules from a finish Date. To define a specific date for a project to start, you can type the date in the Start Date text box or click the Start Date drop-down button to choose a date on a calendar. If you must schedule a project to finish on a specific date, select the Schedule From list box and choose Project Finish Date. You can then type a specific date in the Finish Date text box. This will move the project to schedule backwards from this date.
Current Date and Status DateMicrosoft Project uses the information in these fields to perform several date-related calculations. If you leave the Status Date field set to NA (for example, if you want to see the values in the Earned Value fields calculated up through and including the current date or a date you specify), Project uses the date in the Current Date field as the status date. This date is also used - in the Complete Through field in the Update Project dialog box and in the placement of progress lines in the Gantt Chart view. See the section "Understanding the Current Date and Status Date Text Boxes," later in this chapter, for more information about when and how you might want to use this field.
→ For information on telling Microsoft Project that work on the current project is complete through a specific date, see "Analyzing Progress and Revising the Schedule," p. 563.
- CalendarYou can use the Calendar list box to select a different base calendar for scheduling the project. The section "Scheduling with Calendars," later in this chapter, explains when you should use the default base calendar (Standard) and when you should consider using a different calendar.
If the base calendar you want to use is defined in a different project file from the one you're currently using, you must use the Organizer to copy that calendar into the current project file before you can select it (see the section "Working with Calendars," later in this chapter).
- PriorityWhen you are sharing a pool of resources across multiple projects, you can identify which project has the highest priority by changing the Priority field in the Project Information dialog box. You can set this project level priority between 0 and 1000.
→ When you have a resource spread too thin (that is, overallocated), you can have Microsoft Project attempt to resolve the problem. For more information, see "Resolving Resource Assignment Problems," p. 411.
Understanding the Start and Finish Date Text Boxes
When you're starting a new project document, you enter either a start date or a finish date into the Project Information dialog box to function as an anchor point for scheduling the tasks in the project. Microsoft Project computes the other date. You cannot specify both a start date and a finish date.
If you enter the start date, Microsoft Project schedules the first task in the project to begin at that time and calculates the project's finish date based on that starting date and the sequence of tasks that come after the first task. New tasks that are added begin as soon as possible when you schedule from a start date.
If you enter the finish date, Microsoft Project schedules the tasks from the end of the project first and works backward. The final task is scheduled to end by the finish date; the task that precedes the final task is scheduled to end in time for the final task to begin, and so on. By the time Project schedules all tasks to end in time to meet the finish date requirement, the program has calculated a start date (that is, the date by which the first task must begin for the project to be completed by the specified finish time). New tasks that are added begin as late as possible when you schedule from a finish date.
You can use the Schedule From list box to change a project's schedule as often as you like. If you want to see when a project must start in order to finish by a deadline date, you can change the Schedule From option to Project Finish Date and enter the deadline date. When you choose OK, Project recalculates the schedule, including a new start date. You can then view the Project Information dialog box again to see what the required start date is, given the new finish date deadline. While in the Project Information dialog box, you can switch back to scheduling from a fixed start date.
To select a start date or finish date, you can either type the date or click the drop-down button to select a date from a calendar (see Figure 3.4). To select a date in the current month, you simply click that date. To select a date in a different month, you use the left and right arrows to select a different month and then click the date.
Figure 3.4 The start date of the project should be defined from within the Project Information dialog box, not the start field of the first task of the project.
When you're managing a project, it's best to schedule forward based on a start date. If you schedule the project based on a fixed finish date, all activities must flow backward based on durations, linkages, and the calendars assigned; this is fine until you begin tracking the project. When you schedule

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Climate Change Agreements
Climate Change Agreements (CCAs) are voluntary agreements which offer energy-intensive sectors the chance to receive up to 90% reduction in the Climate Change Levy.
The agreements are intended to reduce industry's energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. An organisation with a CCA will measure and report its energy use, business activity levels and carbon emissions against agreed targets over five, two-year target periods.
In return for signing up, participating sectors receive a discount on the Climate Change Levy (CCL), of up to 90% on electricity bills and 65% on other fuels.
Climate Change Agreements (CCAs) are available for major energy-intensive processes such as aerospace, cement making and supermarkets to printing works, sawmills and agriculture.
esave can help identify the relevant sector CCA for your organisation, calculate the costs and benefits of joining, gather the registration evidence pack and make the application to join the CCA.
We can also manage the regular reporting program (as required by the industry sector CCA holder) and provide you with advice and guidance on meeting the next energy reduction target.


text: The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique is widely used to identify and quantify the separate contributions of differences in measurable characteristics to group differences in an outcome of interest. The use of a linear probability model and the standard Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition, however, can provide misleading estimates when the dependent variable is binary, especially when group differences are very large for an influential explanatory variable. A simulation method of performing a nonlinear decomposition that uses estimates from a logit, probit or other nonlinear model was first developed in a Journal of Labor Economics article (Fairlie 1999). This nonlinear decomposition technique has been used in nearly a thousand subsequent studies published in a wide range of fields and disciplines. In this paper, I address concerns over path dependence in using the nonlinear decomposition technique. I also present a straightforward method of incorporating sample weights in the technique.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Interstellar Drive
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Interstellar Drive
The trail left in space by using an Interstellar Drive.
The Interstellar Drive is an upgradable passive tool that allows spaceships to travel between stars.
DescriptionEdit
The Interstellar Drive is effectively a second engine (in addition to the basic engine that spaceships utilize) that is only engaged when traveling between stars. The speed of the engine slowly increases as the ship travels to an incredibly fast speed: hundreds of times faster than the speed of light. For example, light takes 4.2 years to travel from Earth's nearest star, other than the sun, to Earth itself. The Interstellar Drive allows ships to travel there in roughly one second. Providing a ship had infinite Energy, a ship could use the drive to travel from the end of one of the galaxy's arms to the centre in roughly 2 minutes. The drive cannot be used to simply travel through space: its high speed means that this would be hazardous as collisions with other space bodies would be high. The drive can only be used to 'jump' between stars. The pilots of a ship plot in the co-ordinates of a planet and the drive takes them there, through one (or a series of) jump(s). If a destination cannot be directly plotted, then the ship will use the drive to jump between several stars in order to reach a destination. All races, when progressing into the space stage, acquire the knowledge of how to construct the Interstellar Drive through alien knowledge. The power of their initial drives, however, is low, and frequent jumps must be plotted in order to traverse the galaxy. The early drive is also inefficient on energy/fuel, and therefore is much more costly.
Requirements Edit
Level Requirements Range (parsecs) Description
Interstellar Drive
1
Default at start of Space stage 3 "Your basic interstellar drive, allows you to leave your solar system."
Interstellar Drive
2
Frequent Flyer 2 or
Gopher 1 badge
5 "Increases your spaceship's travel range."
Interstellar Drive
3
Frequent Flyer 3 or
Gopher 2 badge, and
Interstellar Drive 2
7 "Increases your spaceship's travel range."
Interstellar Drive
4
Frequent Flyer 4 or
Gopher 3 badge, and
Interstellar Drive 3
12 "Increases your spaceship's travel range."
Interstellar Drive
5
Frequent Flyer 5 or
Gopher 4 badge, and
Interstellar Drive 4
20 "Increases your spaceship's travel range to the maximum."
Purchase Edit
Empire type Purchase Cost
Interstellar Drive
2
Interstellar Drive
3
Interstellar Drive
4
Interstellar Drive
5
Own §150,000 §300,000 §750,000 §2,000,000
Bard
Diplomat §75,000 §150,000 §375,000 §1,000,000
Ecologist
Knight
Scientist §75,000 §150,000 §375,000 §1,000,000
Shaman
Trader §75,000 §150,000 §375,000 §1,000,000
Wanderer
Warrior
Zealot §75,000 §150,000 §375,000 §1,000,000
Bugs Edit
 - Sometimes, when you have a later version of the Interstellar Drive, earlier versions of it can be purchased, usually from a newly created colony. However, it does not seem to affect your spaceship's travel distance.
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text:
Last Updated: Tuesday - 01/04/2011
February 19, 2001
School district to launch native education project
WESTERN CATHOLIC REPORTER
EDMONTON — Aboriginal students have a hard time adapting to city schools, a situation that often translates into low academic achievement, a high dropout rate and low self-esteem.
Statistics show aboriginal students are struggling in the school system. Their high school graduation rate is about 52 per cent in Alberta compared to 72 per cent for non-aboriginal students.
What makes it even harder for aboriginal students is that the curriculum doesn't reflect their cultural heritage.
That's all about to change as Edmonton Catholic Schools plans to address the problem with the help of a $1.6 million grant from Alberta Learning.
The purpose of the ambitious project is to help aboriginal students achieve higher success, said Bob Steele, division principal in aboriginal education.
"What we are trying to do is work on ways that all our schools can be more effective in working with aboriginal students."
The two-year pilot project and research study, beginning in September, will find ways to increase academic achievement among aboriginal students and lower their almost 50 per cent high school dropout rate, explained native education consultant Louise Breland.
"The idea is to make schools more responsive to the needs of aboriginal students."
A study conducted last year shows aboriginal parents and students want a better kindergarten to Grade 12 school program but they don't necessarily want a segregated school, noted Steele.
"About 90 per cent of aboriginal parents and students want to be able to go to their neighbourhood school with their friends and do well."
Six Edmonton Catholic schools, including elementary, junior high and high schools, will be picked for the project from about 15 that have expressed interest in participating. The final cut will be made in mid-March.
Grant money will be used to train teachers and staff in cultural awareness so they become more sensitive to aboriginal students' needs and make them feel more welcome in the schools.
Liaison workers will be hired to work closely with families and increase their involvement in the school life. "Parents want to feel that they can come to school and feel welcomed and wanted there too," Steele said.
Libraries will carry books by aboriginal authors and all classes will include aboriginal culture so students can see themselves reflected in the curriculum.
"For me, this is very much an issue of social justice and it's about time we had the financial support to tackle it," Breland said.
Steele said the project's research study component will be shared with schools across Alberta.
"I guess what the research will do is tell us what works and what doesn't when it comes to having this group of students come to school and do well and feel good about it."
There are about 1,500 aboriginal students in the Edmonton Catholic school system.
Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 -- Western Catholic Reporter
Our mission: To serve our readers by bringing the Gospel to bear on current issues in the Church and in secular culture through accurate news coverage and reflective commentary.


How much electricity do LED street lights use?
A high-pressure sodium street light can draw up to 1000 watts, and an incandescent light used in the 1900s needed 320 watts. Some LED street lights require only 73 watts and, according to the U. S. Department of Energy, produce a higher quality of light.
Do LED lights take up electricity?
LEDs consume far less electricity than incandescent bulbs, and decorative LED light strings such as Christmas tree lights are no different. … Safer: LEDs are much cooler than incandescent lights, reducing the risk of combustion or burnt fingers.
How much does it cost to run street lights?
Keeping this in mind, the running cost of the street light would be 40 x 100 x 0.12/1,000 = $0.48 an hour. On the other hand, if you use high-pressure sodium street lamps, halogen lamps, and metal halide lamps, the cost of running the street lights would be $1 an hour.
IT IS INTERESTING: Question: How do you shorten LED rope lights?
How much does a street light cost to run UK?
How much energy does a street light use? Typically, lights on residential roads contain a 35 watt lamp, while those on main roads contain a 150 watt lamp. In simple terms, the electricity consumed by an 'average' light will cost between £25 and £65 a year.
Who pays for the electricity for street lights?
Essential Energy is responsible for the maintenance and billing of around 160,000 streetlights for 85 Councils across NSW and southern Queensland, from Bega Valley in the south to Tweed Heads in the north and Broken Hill in the west.
How much does it cost to run a 1000w LED light?
You need to divide your wattage by 1,000 (1,000 kilowats in 1 watt). So, if we were to run a 1000 watt grow light 18 hours a day with the kWh rate we gave earlier, our formula would be: 1 x $0.1559 x 18 x 30 = $84.186/month.
Can you leave LED strip lights on all night?
How long does it take to install a street light?
On contrary, if you're going to do it by hand, this will take around 15-20 minutes. Beside this, you will also need at least four to five men to help you out in installing it properly. In short, the complete installation will not take longer than 2 hours if done properly and stepwise.
IT IS INTERESTING: Why do my car LED bulbs flicker?
How long do street light bulbs last?
With proper maintenance and renewal, most street lights will last 20 years or longer. The pole that supports a decorative street light can last 90 years with proper maintenance.
How do you calculate lighting consumption?
To find the total wattage of a fixture, add the wattage of each light bulb together.
 1. fixture watts = bulb watts × bulb quantity.
 2. kWh = Power(W) × Time(hrs) ÷ 1,000.
 3. monthly kWh = kWh per day × 30.
 4. price = kWh × cost per kWh.
How many kilowatts does a street light use?
2004. "The lamps used in streetlights vary in both size and consumption (typically between 35 and 250 Watts) depending upon whether they are lighting a residential area, main road or a town centre." "It is generally assumed that the average wattage of a streetlight is about 80 watts." Outdoor Lighting Handbook.
How many street lights are in the UK?
In that case, we will have approximately 2.8 million street lights. Final answer: 2.8 million street lights are there in London.
How many street lights are there in the world?
There are currently 304 million total streetlights in the world. This number will grow to 352 million total streetlights by 2025.
Why do we pay for electricity?
How do street lights turn on?
The most commonly used component in streetlights is called a cadmium sulphide photoresistor, or a CdS cell for short. … When it gets dark, then not much current can flow to the electromagnet so the switch closes and allows electricity to flow to the streetlight, turning it on.
IT IS INTERESTING: Why dont LED bulbs work in my fixture?
Does the government pay for electricity?
Renewable generation is supported by direct subsidies (money for electricity) while generation from fossil fuels is supported via indirect subsidies (tax preferences on fuel production). … Renewables-focused subsidies like the Production Tax Credit and the Investment Tax Credit offer clear benefit to wind and solar.
Lighting blog


text:
Professor Oh Young Joo is author of "Understanding Jeju Food Culture" and "Horsemeat Dishes for Health," and is a specialist in Jeju local cuisine. He teaches nutrition at Cheju Halla University. — Ed.
Horse farming on Jeju started in 1276 when Yuan Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan, occupied the island and brought with him some 160 horses by ship. The horses were put to pasture around the eastern village of Susan. It was a big success.
The Mongolians then built and operated massive ranches for their military horses and ever since then Jeju has been Korea's largest horse supplier. There is even a Jeju saying: "Send a horse to Jeju, and send a man to Hanyang [Seoul]," meaning that the island's weather and environment are ideal for raising horses, and its people have outstanding skills breeding them.
Horse meat consumption culture from Mongolia
Historically, Jeju people respected the horse for its many uses. They were used for food, transportation and communication, during wars, and for commerce. To the people of Jeju, its skin, fat, milk, bones, hair, urine, and feces were put to use, whether as food or for military or medicinal applications. But before the Mongolian invasion, Jeju citizens used horses only for transportation. Then, the citizens of Jeju noticed that the Mongolians slaughtered and ate the weak and older horses and from then on, eating horse meat spread throughout the island.
In Mongolian culture, honored guests were treated to horse meat and during weddings the bride and groom may receive the head of a horse as a gift. Horses were offered as sacrifices to the gods.
During the Goryeo Dynasty (_PHONE_), Koreans held feasts with horse meat to honor the Yuan envoy. Jeju presented horse meat jerky to the palace's ancestral rites table during the Joseon Dynasty (_PHONE_).
When horses were in short supply, King Sejong, well-known for his management of Jeju horses, would restrict the butchering and consumption of horse meat. In fact, he exiled 650 Jeju citizens for eating horse meat to Pyeongan-do, an area in the north of the Korean peninsula known then as the "harsh land." After that, eating horse meat became one of the great taboos in Korea, reinforced by the saying, "If you eat horse meat you will have bad luck for three years."
Despite the king's efforts, he could not stop people from eating horse.
At that time famines were common in Jeju because the island experienced frequent natural disasters. So the people of Jeju risked punishment from their government and ate horse to combat hunger. Along with famine, the Jeju people experienced poverty and many people would pull together to buy a single horse.
Under the Japanese colonial rule, the Japanese built a horse meat processing plant in Hallim and manufactured canned meat as war supplies during the Pacific War.
Horse meat dishes and health
Jeju people love horse meat. There is a saying: "Beef is not enough for a meal but horse meat is enough."
Horse meat is a tasty, nutritious food, and slightly sweet due to glycogen, a type of sugar the animal creates and stores for energy. Horse meat contains three times the amount of glycogen than beef or pork.
Horse meat is high in protein but low in fat. Horses are active animals and consume lots of energy. Their meat — unlike the double-edged sword that is the combination of protein and fat in pork and beef — contains one-third the fat of beef.
Horse fat quickly dissolves in the human body because the meat contains high levels of unsaturated fatty acids. It is especially rich in linolenic acid and omega-3 fatty acids like DHA, which prevents arteriosclerosis.
Horse meat is good for those who suffer from anemia because it contains high levels of iron. Its color is redder than other meats because it is full of myoglobin, a type of iron which colors muscle, and is why horse meat is called a fountain of iron. It has four times the amount of iron of pork and twice that of beef.
In addition, the iron in horse meat is absorbed quickly and efficiently into the body. Horse meat is highly recommended for children and pregnant women.
Spicy horse meat stew
Ingredients horse sirloin 600g, dried red pepper 20g, cinnamon 10g, fennel (spice) 10g, small green onion 15g, ginger 15g, clear rice wine 20g
1. Dice the meat into big pieces. Add the diced meat to clear rice wine, ginger, small green onion mix. Refrigerate for 12 hours. 2. Deep fry the meat in oil at 180°C. 3. Add 500 ml of water, ginger, dried red pepper, onion, cinnamon, fennel, salt, and soy sauce to the frying pan and boil. 4. Simmer for 90 minutes.
1. Mix clear rice wine, soy sauce, sugar, and soybean paste and set to boil to create the sauce. 2. Cut the Chinese cabbage leaf into 7 by 4 centimeters. Cut onion, green onion, and shiitake mushroom. 3. Soak the crown daisy in cold water. 4. Dice tofu into 3 by 4 centimeters and fry. Blanch the shredded devil's tongue jelly. 5. Slice the meat. 6. Fry the vegetables and the meat. When cooked, pour the sauce from step 1 on top and let simmer.
(Translation by Yang Young Jae)
ⓒ Jeju Weekly 2009 (_URL_)
All materials on this site are protected under the Korean Copyright Law and may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, published without the prior consent of Jeju Weekly.
_EMAIL_ | Phone: +82-64-_PHONE_ Fax: +82-64-_PHONE_ jeju Venture Maru Bldg,217 Jungangro(Ido-2 dong), Jeju-si, Korea, 690-827
Registration Number: Jeju Da 01093 | Date of Registration: November 20, 2008 | Publisher: Song Jung Hee Copyright ⓒ 2009 All materials on this site are protected under the Korean Copyright Law and may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, published without the prior consent of jeju weekly.com.


text:
The Wheatland Irrigation District serves approximately 55,284 acres and
911 water users. The Wheatland Irrigation District assesses $9.50/acre.
The irrigators have an estimated ability to pay of $18.00 - $20.00/acre.
In 1996 Kennedy Engineering completed a Level II study of Wheatland
Tunnel Diversion, Diversion Dam operation, and Gunbarrel Lateral canal.
The operation of the Wheatland Tunnel Diversion from the Laramie River
into Bluegrass Creek has resulted in fish kills in the Laramie River at
least twice in the last 10 years. The fish kills occur when diversions
from the Laramie River into Bluegrass Creek are stopped at the end of
the irrigation season and the tunnel is shut down for the winter. Water
and sediment impounded behind the diversion dam is sluiced into the
Laramie River resulting in draining of the impoundment and water quality
standards violations. The study investigated structural and management
alternatives to prevent these events from occurring in the future.
Using their own resources, the Wheatland Irrigation District has
constructed a box around the outlet and modified the intake to draw
water from the top rather than the bottom of the reservoir.
The State Engineer has requested that the Wheatland Irrigation District
install a measuring device at the diversion from the Laramie River into
Bluegrass Creek. The Level II study completed by Kennedy Engineering in
1996 recommended several improvements be made to the diversion system.
The following improvements are proposed: 1) a measuring weir will be
constructed, 2) the outlet gates from the Laramie River into Bluegrass
Creek will be moved to accommodate the new weir and the gates will be
automated, 3) a SCADA system enabling remote operation will be
installed. Rehabilitation of the concrete on the diversion dam will
also be completed. Construction is expected to begin and be completed
RECOMMENDED LEGISLATIVE ACTION:
No legislative action is required on this project.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


1. Check that your microphone is not muted.
2. If there is any background noise, move to a quieter area.
3. Check if the issue is happening with a specific phone number on outgoing or incoming calls.
4. Connect a compatible wired headphone that has a microphone. If the headphone works, remove them to continue troubleshooting the internal microphones.
5. Restart your phone and test your phone's microphone and speakers with any free Voice Recorder application available from Nokia Store. Record an audio clip and play the recording. If you can hear the recording, your microphone is working.
6. If the problem persists, locate your phone's microphones and check that openings are not blocked. To find the microphone openings, see your phone's user guide or search online to find the chapter: Explore the keys and parts of your phone.


What are coarse fibre?
Is jute coarse fibre?
Plz expert answer fast anyway plz
Dear Student,
Coarse fibres are rough appeared, stiff and thick fibres. Khadi is an example of coarse fibre obtain from jute. But jute itself is a soft fibre not a coarse fibre. It is a natural fibre.
 - 1
What are you looking for?


What is jaggery (Gur) and how is it made? | 24 Mantra
how is jaggery made
What is jaggery (Gur) and how is it made?
Organic Food
Jaggery or Gur, as it is called in Hindi, has emerged as an amazing substitute to refined sugar. It is an unrefined non-centrifugal form of sugar that is widely consumed in Asia and certain parts of the Americas.
Aside from its sweetening properties, there are numerous health benefits of jaggery consumption regularly, and this fact has driven hordes of people to opt for jaggery in their diets instead of refined sugar.
It is an excellent substitute for refined sugar and also contains a host of nutrients and minerals. Moreover, the roasted woody aroma of jaggery has made it highly popular for use in many Indian sweets.
Around 70% of the global jaggery production happens in India. Typically, it is produced using the sugarcane juice but jaggery produced using palm juice is also common in a few countries.
If you are wondering how is jaggery made exactly, this post might clear up a few things for you. Moving forward, we will have a look at all the intricacies involved in jaggery production and how can you make jaggery at home. But first, let's have a look at the nutritional profile of jaggery.
Jaggery Nutritional Profile
When compared to regular refined sugar, jaggery has an impressive nutrient profile. Refined sugar only has empty calories that have almost zero nutritional value, but jaggery is rich in essential nutrients such as Iron, Potassium and Calcium.
This makes jaggery an excellent choice for health-conscious individuals who want a bit of nutritional value from the sweeteners they consume. Below is a comparison chart of the nutrient constituents of jaggery and refined sugar sourced from FatSecret:
Nutrient Value Per 100g Value Per 100g
Energy 383 Kcal 387 Kcal
Fat 0g 0g
Saturated Fat 0g 0g
Monounsaturated Fat 0g 0g
Polyunsaturated Fat 0g 0g
Carbohydrates 98.96g 99.98g
Sugar 98.13g 99.91g
Fibre 0g 0g
Protein 0.09g 0g
Sodium 3mg 0mg
Cholesterol 0mg 0mg
Potassium 31mg 2mg
Magnesium 160mg 0mg
Calcium 80mg 0mg
Iron 5.4mg 0mg
The table above clearly lays out the nutrient comparison between refined sugar and jaggery. As might be evident, the nutrient composition of jaggery is significantly rich as opposed to refined sugar that makes it fit for everyday consumption as a sweetener. Now, let's look at how is jaggery made.
How Is Jaggery Made?
Jaggery preparation involves boiling the sugarcane juice, and the process requires primarily 3 steps: extraction, storage, and boiling. Here is a detailed breakdown that explains how is jaggery made.
Juice Extraction
 - The sugarcanes are pressed or crushed in a machine, and all the juice is extracted from them.
 - The juice is collected and stored in large containers to be stored for several hours.
 - This process helps in separating suspended sediment from the juice and improves the texture of the finally produced jaggery.
 - The storage period settles the sediments to the bottom of the container, and the resultant clear juice is poured into a large flat bottomed vessel for boiling.
 - The sugarcane juice is stirred constantly, and impurities are sieved away until we get a brown and thick paste at the bottom of the vessel.
 - This dough-like substance is then transferred to mould of desired shapes and allowed to cool down.
 - Once the paste cools down entirely, it will solidify and become jaggery.
The colour and texture of the jaggery thus produced will highly depend upon the quality of the sugarcane and the quality of the juice that is produced. These steps layout how gur is madein a large scale preparation. If you are wondering how is jaggery made at home, keep on reading!
How Gur Is Made At Home?
These points explain every stage regarding how is jaggery made at home. Let's begin!
Ingredients required:
 - ¼ cup ladyfinger (Bhindi) water.
 - 450ml sugarcane juice.
 - Few ladyfingers.
That's it! These three ingredients are everything that you need to prepare 100% pure and unadulterated jaggery at home. The ladyfinger water helps in separating the greenish waste layer from the sugarcane juice while boiling. Now, let's look at how is jaggery made at home:
 - Cut a few ladyfingers in a bowl and mix ¼ cup of water.
 - Mix it well and then strain the water from the mixture.
 - Now, pour the sugarcane juice along with the ladyfingers water in a thick bottomed vessel and bring it to boil.
 - As the mixture starts to boil, you will notice that a greenish layer starts appearing at the top. Remove this layer using a sieve or a perforated ladle and boil the mixture further.
 - Keep boiling until the mixture thickens.
 - Now, to check the jaggery formation, take a small amount of the thick paste and put in in a glass of water.
 - If the jaggery dissolves, you need to boil the paste more. If it does not dissolve easily, you can take the mixture off the stove and let the mixture cool off.
 - Take a pan or mould and grease it's surface using ghee or vegetable oil.
 - Transfer the contents of the bowl to the mould and let it dry for a day or two.
 - Once the jaggery is dried, take a pointy object and remove it from the mould.
 - Let it dry again for a day or two so that the entire structure becomes hard.
 - Your 100% pure homemade jaggery is ready for consumption!
These steps might have made it clear as to how is jaggery made at home. Enjoy the wholesome goodness of this delicious sweetener as a standalone dessert or by mixing it with kheer or a recipe of your choice!
Also, organic jaggery is equally good if not better since it's free of harmful chemicals. Try 24 Mantra Organics's Jaggery Powder and taste the goodness of organic food.
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text:
Tomra, a Norwegian firm engaged in the field of instrumentation for recycling solutions, has unveiled a new solution for separating single-layer PET trays from PET bottles.
The solution improves the earlier capability of the company's AUTOSORT machine to separate multi-layer trays.
Tomra's AUTOSORT is the first near-infrared scan system which does not need an external light source. It incorporates Flting Beam technology for stable performance atseveral temperatures due to the extended temperature range.
Tomra's Flying Beam technology played a key role in the development of the solution. The separation of single-layer PET trays and PET bottles includes a step-by-step process.
Packaging material collected or pre-sorted from municipal solid waste (MSW) will initially be run via a mechanical treatment process during the preparation for sorting mixed plastics into several polymers.
The process reduces voluminous materials, especially soft items like plastic, film, and non-plastic products.
Tomra said to then separate mixed PET into different polymers, AUTOSORT functions as a combined system, identifying material and colour in combination with grain size.
The process will achieve a sorting efficiency of 95% or greater even with a very mixed material input.
Tomra expects PET regeneration centres and collection/sorting plants welcome the new capability. More than a million plastic bottles are bought across the world every minute and within the next five years the number is estimated to increase by an additional 20%.
Organizations such as Plastics Recyclers Europe are proposing recycling guidelines for PET trays to encourage separate sorting streams to allow PET tray recycling and to develop markets for the packaging product.
Image: The step-by-step process which concludes with the separation of single-layer PET trays and PET bottles is claimed to be flexible. Photo: courtesy of TOMRA.


text:
In conventional systems, the sensors and detection loops are installed in the top asphalt layer. This means that the sensors are installed in grooves cut or ground into the asphalt after the asphalt is laid. Due to wear and rutting of the asphalt, the sensors must be replaced or adjusted on average every 1.5 years. Moreover, the sensors must be replaced during major maintenance of the road surface. Major maintenance is also necessary more often because installing the sensors affects the structure of the asphalt.
Temperature variations in the summer and winter cause the sensors to separate from the asphalt, requiring the repair of both the sensor and the road surface. This is very expensive.


text:
FLINT CREEK (YOUNG COUNTY)
FLINT CREEK (Young County). Flint Creek rises two miles southeast of Loving in west central Young County (at 33°14' N, 98°30' W) and runs southwest for twelve miles to its mouth on Salt Creek, two miles northwest of Graham (at 33°10' N, 98°35' W). The headwaters of Flint Creek are known as Baylor Springs; they were a stop along an early stage route from Fort Richardson to Fort Belknap. In its upper reaches the stream is an intermittent draw that runs through private ranchland and the Knox oilfield. After meeting with Turtle Hole Creek, however, Flint Creek becomes the main source of Lake Eddleman, a municipally owned reservoir that supplies water, electrical power, and recreational facilities to the Graham area. The creek runs through terrain of resistant ledges and low cuestas, where shallow, stony soils support live oaks, juniper, and grasses.


A consistent and conservative scheme designed by Ni et al. for the simulation of MHD flows with low magnetic Reynolds number has been implemented into a 3D parallel code of HIMAG based on solving the electrical potential equation. The scheme and code are developed on an unstructured collocated mesh, on which velocity (u), pressure (p), and electrical potential ([variant phi]) are located in the cell center, while current fluxes are located on the cell faces. The calculation of current fluxes is performed using a conservative scheme, which is consistent with the discretization scheme for the solution of electrical potential Poisson equation. The Lorentz force is calculated at cell centers based on a conservative formula or a conservation interpolation of the current density. We validate the numerical methods, and the parallel code by simulating 2D fully developed MHD flows with analytical solutions existed and 3D MHD flows with experimental data available. The validation cases are conducted with Hartmann number from 100 to 104 on rectangular grids and/or unstructured hexahedral and prism grids.


Graveyard Shift
161.1k readers
Her Parents Abandoned Her At The Age Of 3, But Wild Dogs Raised Her As Their Own Feral Child
Updated July 31, 2019 161.1k views13 items
Stories of children raised by animals are popular in folklore and literature - The Jungle Book for one - but there are more documented cases of this happening in reality then you'd think. While few and far between, there have been incidents when orphaned or abandoned children were taken in by animals. Called feral children, such kids often fail to develop language and basic social skills. One such case involved a Ukranian child named Oxana Malaya. Neglected by alcoholic parents at age three, Malaya took refuge with a wild dog pack.
After she was discovered - five years later - the world was captivated by the story of the girl raised by wild dogs. Malaya was the subject of many documentaries and articles over the years. She was dubbed the "Dog Girl" - a term she really doesn't prefer, who would? - and while her reintroduction into society has been difficult, she has successfully transitioned. Here's everything there is to know about how one girl survived living in the wild among animals.
 - After Five Years With Her Dog Pack, The Animals Tried To Protect Her From Authorities
 Oxana Malaya was discovered in Ukraine in 1994. According to accounts, a neighbor noticed there was a little girl living in the woods and contacted authorities. When Malaya was discovered, she was living with a pack of wild dogs.
 The dogs instinctively protected Malaya from the officers, having accepted her into their pack.They had to be bribed with treats so authorities could take Malaya. She was believed to have been living with the dogs for roughly five years.
 - Her Adoption By The Dogs Was Due To Horribly Negligent Parents
 While the details remain somewhat unclear, Malaya likely ended up in the care of the dog pack due to neglect on behalf of her negligent, alcoholic parents. When she was three, according to the story, her parents left her outside one night. Malaya crawled into a nearby hovel where wild dogs congregated.
 Her parents never tried to find her, so she ended up being adopted by the pack and forgetting basic language and social skills.
 - It Was Difficult For Her To Shed Her Dog-Like Tendencies
 Even years after being found, at 23, Malaya still displayed tendencies similar to wild dogs. She would shake her head when wet to get off the water. She would hide things given to her, much like a dog hides food or supplies. She also walked in a somewhat dog-like fashion and would still occasionally walk on all fours like a dog.
 - Her Intelligence Was High Considering Her Separation From Society
 When child psychologist Lyn Fry met with Malaya as part of a documentary, she was actually surprised with Malaya's intelligence and overall development. Malaya's drawing skills matched that of a five or six-year-old and she had a sophisticated enough grasp of language to understand prepositions.
 She was also able to recognize herself in the mirror without trouble. Most feral children are much farther behind in terms of development.


text:
The European Marine Biological Research Infrastructure Cluster (EMBRIC) is designed to accelerate the pace of scientific discovery and innovation from marine Bio-Resources. EMBRIC aims to promote new applications derived from marine organisms in fields such as drug discovery, novel foods and food ingredients, aquaculture selective breeding, bioremediation, cosmetics and bioenergy.
- By conducting a comprehensive survey of available resources and techniques, EMBRIC will develop new pipelines and new industry standards.
- By interconnecting science, industry and policy, EMBRIC will defragment regional research, development and innovation policies.
- By implementing joint academia-industry development activities, EMBRIC will allow industry to directly integrate results and protocols in commercial processes.
- By developing best practices and integrated training programs, EMBRIC will accelerate the pace of scientific discovery and innovation.
- By connecting 6 existing European Research Infrastructures and 27 partners from Academia, Research institutes, non-for-profit organizations and industry, EMBRIC will facilitate technology transfer, knowledge transfer and transnational access.
In general, EMBRIC will provide a long-term integrated cluster approach to promote the Blue Bio-Economy.


text:
This sample implements the functionality of generating checksum number using Luhn's algorithm.
I've created a class LuhnAlgorithm with a static function:
public static int
Return value is the generated number.
The Luhn algorithm or Luhn formula, also known as the "modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, was developed in the 1960s as a method of validating identification numbers. It is a simple checksum formula used to validate a variety of account numbers, such as credit card numbers and Canadian Social Insurance Numbers. Much of its notoriety comes from credit card companies' adoption of it shortly after its creation in the late 1960s by IBM scientist Hans Peter Luhn (1896–1964).
Explanation of the Luhn's algorithm can be found here.


text:
Do you really need to convert your Illustrator document's colors from CMYK to spot?
First, be sure that converting CMYK to spot is really what you need to do. I say this because CMYK-to-spot (Pantone) conversions are rare. Usually it happens the other way around: the designer selects a palette of Pantone colors, designs a logo, icon, or 1- or 2-color print piece (like a brochure) using those colors, and finds somewhere down the line they must convert it to CMYK. This could happen for any number of reasons. The client might decide to add more colors to the piece, making printing in spot cost-prohibitive. The client may change the project to include color photos, in which case with spot you're looking at a 5- or 6-color job which, again, may be cost-prohibitive. The client may decide to get the piece digitally printed, and their printer may suggest converting to CMYK on your end as a better alternative to converting on their end.
Spot color is called for in items like logos or simple branding icons, or in print pieces with, say, a 1- to 3-color palette. Example: a brochure that is black type with a lime-green accent color.
Spot color is NOT called for in online/electronic-only pieces such as websites or overhead presentations, not in pieces that use 3 or more colors. Note that this overlaps with the above recommendation. This is when you use your judgement. Will it be more cost-effective to print CMYK or spot? Are my spot colors outside the CMYK palette and how much am I/my client willing to accept a conversion?
Converting CMYK to spot color using Illustrator's Live Color feature
Open the file to be converted.
For this tutorial, I've selected some 3D targets that I want printed in two colors: Black and a reddish pink. Check your color palette to see what you're starting from.
Everything is already in CMYK. The two shades of gray are just screens of black, so that's good to go. The reddish pink, however, needs converting.
First, select all instances of the reddish pink color.
Then, in the menu bar, click "Edit" –> "Edit Colors" –> "Recolor Artwork"
This brings up the Live Color palette. Click the icon that is a small six-rectangle grid to bring up a list of spot color libraries to convert to. When in doubt, choose "Pantone Solid Coated."
Click the little box in the lower left of the window that says "Recolor Art."
Click "OK." The Pantone color that Illustrator judged to be closest to your original CMYK values has filled in your art and been added to the document's color palette.
You should be able to safely delete the old CMYK color now, and now this document is two colors: Black and Pantone 206 (spot).


Home > Arts & Culture
Art lecture explores levels of hell
by Mike O'Brien, Oregon Daily Emerald, March 12, 2008
Lecture concerns 10 Chinese which depict scenes from experiences in the afterlife
Portland, OR (USA) -- Have you ever wondered what happens when you die? In seventh century China, everyone went to hell. Ten times. While their loved ones watched.
<< Buddhist scrolls depicting the ten layers of hell often show scenes of torture and suffering. K.E. Brashier, an associate professor of Chinese religion and humanities at Reed College, will lecture Wednesday night about the morality behind the scrolls in the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art. Media Credit: Dave Martinez
"When somebody dies, they would ask for the scrolls to be hung up, usually close to the coffin," said K.E. Brashier, associate professor of religion and humanities at Reed College in a phone interview from Portland. "You'd be able to chart the afterlife process of this deceased person, so through rebirth, they have to go through 10 levels of hell."
Nearly 1,500 years ago, the Jade Emperor was said to have ordered the execution of a river dragon, who asked Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to try to save him. Though Taizong tried, he failed and the dragon was beheaded.
Furious, the dragon dragged Taizong, who was in a delirious and dream-like state, to the hell courts to pay for his betrayal. Taizong's charges were cleared, but he had seen unspeakable horrors in hell and was told to record them all for posterity.
Taizong's Hell Scrolls were karmic; before being reincarnated, people had to pass through the levels of hell to pay for their lives' sins. Despite the subject matter's severity, the Hell Scrolls are comic book-like in appearance, colorfully depicted with ink on paper. A set from the 19th century is hanging in the University's Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art for "Marketplace Morality - Chinese Hell Scrolls," a lecture to be given tonight by Brashier, who is working on an educational project and database regarding the scrolls.
"It's interesting to be able to view other people's ideas of paradise and hell, and how they relate to the Buddhist religion," said JMSA Director of Communication Erick Hoffman.
Charles Lachman, an associate professor in the department of art history specializing in Chinese Buddhist art, said the Hell Scrolls are interesting because they're so macabre.
"There's some fantastic hell images from the 19th century and they're very beautiful paintings even though they depict horrible things," he said, noting the scrolls' contrast.
Lachman's favorite scroll is the 10th, which represents the final level of hell. Sinners' sentences end as they are granted rebirth, their memories erased of the horrors they have endured. It's his favorite because there are several different versions and not just one definitive design.
"These weren't viewed as individual, unique things, so in that sense, they're different from a lot of other kinds of art," he said.
In the fourth scroll, the Hell of King Wu Guan, those who had exhibited two-faced behavior were pushed off the bridge of no return by spear-wielding demons with ox heads. In the Hell of King Bian Cheng, women of ill repute were banished to the pool of blood and filth; however, good deeds, such as releasing an animal intended for slaughter, were rewarded.
Brashier compares people in previous centuries' fascination with the scrolls to the modern interest in horror movies.
"They're so gross and disgusting but you can't not look at them," he said.
He also finds them interesting as a theologian. He said seeing what offenses were punishable by torture, such as gossiping and cheating weights at the marketplace, can teach someone a lot about ancient Buddhism and its values.
"I would describe (the scrolls) as an educational experience on the afterlife in the sense that you can imagine a mother taking her child in and giving that child sort of a morality play," he said. "It's not just art, it's meant to be education in its own right."
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text:
In Ubuntu (and any other Ubuntu-based distro), when you use a "sudo" command, the system will prompt you for your password. After the first "sudo" command, the system will remember your password for the next 15 minutes so you don't have to enter any more password for subsequent "sudo" command. If, however, you feel that the 15 minutes is a bit too long/short, here is how you can change it.
1. Open a terminal and type:
2. In the file that open, scroll down till you see the line:
Change it to
Defaults env_reset, timestamp_timeout=X
where X is the time (in minutes) that the sudo password will timeout. You can set X to the value you want.
- If you set X to "-1", it will revoke the password prompt, which is not advisable.
- If you set X to "0", the system will prompt you for password everytime you use the "sudo" command
3. Press "Ctrl + x" to exit. Don't forget to press "y" to save the changes.


text: Let me tell you something about the harmonic Pi that our Ancient Egyptian Architectonic Masters did interpret it geometrically, using the language of the two eyes. RMP#48 shows an example of interpreting geometrically that kind of Pi, i.e., it shows the geometrical correlation between two musical notes in the same musical octave, with a gap of two notes interval, e.g., between Do and Me. The upper note is equivalent to 4 and the lower note is the harmonic Pi = 256/81. It is one of the basic architectonic rules in the pyramids design philosophy. Thus we say this is the horizon of the two sounds Me-Do or the Per-Me-Do. Identifying which two musical notes should be used, in the numeric term, for designing such pyramid follows another rule.


Grading Policies
The Medical School system of assessing a medical student's progress includes both cognitive and non-cognitive components. In each phase of the program, the student's ability is assessed through observation, practical examinations, and tests of knowledge and problem-solving skills. Professional characteristics essential to the practice of medicine are also considered in the evaluation process.
Grading Scheme
Year 1: Satisfactory/Fail
Year 2: Satisfactory/Fail
Year 3: Honors/High Pass/Pass/Fail
Year 4: Honors/High Pass/Pass/Fail


text:
How fast anything spins is partly determined by how its weight is distributed. The closer an object's weight is to its axis of rotation, the faster it spins. To picture this, imagine an ice skater doing a pirouette. When her arms are extended, she spins slowly.
For many scientists, a species' success is measured by sheer numbers. In that case, the most successful species known to man is a type of bacterium known as S-A-R-11, or SAR-11 for short. Scientists estimate that there are two-hundred and forty times a billion billion billion SAR11 cells floating around in the oceans. Now that [...]


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let $\mathbb{F}$ be a field with $\operatorname{char}(\mathbb{F})=p>0$.
The derivative of a polynomial $P(x)={\displaystyle \sum\limits _{i=0}^{n}a_{i}x^{i}}\in\mathbb{F}[x]$ is $P'(x)=\sum\limits _{i=1}^{n}a_{i}ix^{i-1}\in\mathbb{F}[x]$.
I wish to prove that for $f\in\mathbb{F}[x]$:$f'=0\implies f(x)=g(x^p)$ where $g(x)\in\mathbb{F}[x]$.
I tried going by this definition of the derivative here but all I got was $p\mid ia_i$ for all $i=1,2,..,n$.
Any ideas?
share|improve this question
What does mean $p | i a_i$? – Lierre Apr 20 '12 at 18:04
The following tangential comment might interest some readers. The error correction process for the Reed-Solomon codes used in CD and DVD players requires evaluation simultaneous evaluation of $\Lambda(x)$ and $x\Lambda^\prime(x)$ at the $255$-th roots of unity in $\mathbb F_{2^8}$ of characteristic $2$, and takes advantage of the fact that $x\Lambda^\prime(x)=\Lambda_1x+\Lambda_3x^3+\Lambda_5x^5+\cdots$ to save a lot of calculation by arranging the computation of $\Lambda(\alpha)$ to produce $\alpha\Lambda^\prime(\alpha)$ as a side result. – Dilip Sarwate Apr 20 '12 at 18:53
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Hint: While technically correct, the notion of divides, i.e. $\mid\;$, is not the best way to phrase things here; instead, since $\operatorname{char}(F)=p$, what you have is $ia_i=0$ for all $i=1,2,\ldots,n$. What does that tell you?
share|improve this answer
$i=0$ or $a_i=0$? – Belgi Apr 20 '12 at 18:10
Exactly! :) $\text{}$ But remember, $i$ is not an element of the field $\mathbb F$, but is just a positive integer, so $i=0$ really only tells you that... – Zev Chonoles Apr 20 '12 at 18:11
With this hint I got that:$a_1=0,...a_{p-1}=0,a_{p+1}=0...$ hence $P(x)=a_px^p+a_{2p}x^{2p}+...$ right? :) – Belgi Apr 20 '12 at 18:16
Well, I should mention that for any $i\geq0$, either $a_i=0$ or $p\mid i$, or both - so it still might be the case that some of the $a_{np}=0$. – Zev Chonoles Apr 20 '12 at 18:23
Thanks for the hint! by the way, can we say something about $x^p$? it's probably not true but does $x^p=x^0=1$? (why?) – Belgi Apr 20 '12 at 18:23
The main point you have to understand here is that the statement $p |ia_i $ doesn't make sense because $p$ is not in $F$ and also there is no reasonable definition of "divisibility" in a field.
The correct thing to say is that $ia_i=\bar i\cdot a_i\in F$, with $\bar i\in \mathbb F_p\subset F$.
Hence if $p$ does not divide $i$ in $\mathbb N$ (where divisibility makes sense!), we have $\bar i\neq 0\in F$ and since $\bar i\cdot a_i=0\in F$ we deduce $a_i=0\in F$.
From this you get $f(x)=g(x^p)$ where $g(y)=\sum_i a_{ip}y^i$.
share|improve this answer
Well, I said that at first too, but $p=\underbrace{1+\cdots+1}_{p\text{ times}}$ still makes sense in $F$, and since $p=0$ in $F$ and $0\mid m$ implies $m=0$ in any ring, $p\mid ia_i$ is still saying that $ia_i=0$ in $F$. But of course, I agree that $\mid$ is not the right thing to use in this situation. – Zev Chonoles Apr 20 '12 at 18:44
Thank you for pointing this out, indeed it sould be written in a different way as you stated. +1 – Belgi Apr 20 '12 at 20:00
Zev note is a good point too as there is a reasonable definition for divisibility in any ring really. – Belgi Apr 20 '12 at 20:01
Dear _USER_, if $1\in \mathbb N$ is the usual Peano integer and if $p=1+...+1\in \mathbb N$ then, no, $p=1+1+...+1$ is not in $F$ because $\mathbb N$ is in no sense included in $F$: for example $F$ might be finite and $\mathbb N$ is infinite. On the other hand it is true that $\bar p=p*1_F=1_F+...+1_F=0_F\in F$ where I have denoted by $*$ the scalar multiplication of an element of $\mathbb Z$ with an element of the $\mathbb Z$-algebra $F$. The sentence you use "p=0 in F" is an abuse of language short-circuiting these precise notations. (To be continued) – Georges Elencwajg Apr 20 '12 at 20:32
(Continued) This is perfectly admissible for people, like you, who know exactly what they mean but beginners should be absolutely precise when confronted with these subtle concepts for the first time. – Georges Elencwajg Apr 20 '12 at 20:33
Your Answer


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In Vienna's fourth district there is a short passage that takes you from the Operngasse to the Naschmarkt area. This passage has the peculiar name of "Bärenmühldurchgang" (something like "Bear mill passage" in English). Why this name? According to a famous legend, one day in the late 17th century the owner of a mill (there were a couple of mills along the Vienna river at that time) was going about his daily job when suddenly he was attacked by a black bear. Seeing this, the miller's servant jumped out of a window on top of the bear and, after fighting it with his bare hands, the servant saved the life of his employer. The legend also tells us that years after this event, the servant managed to own a restaurant, which he obviously named "Zum Schwarzen Bären" ("To the black bear" in English).
Is this a true story? We don't know about the servant fighting the bear, but the mill and restaurant apparently did exist. And bears were spotted in some areas of today's Vienna's still in the early 18th century. Regardless, the legend makes for a good story!(Cr).


Take the 2-minute tour ×
The problem I am facing can be considered a variant of the standard set packing problem. However; instead of being given a list of sets, I am given a function $\nu : 2^N \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ and want to find a partitioning $P$ of $N$ that maximizes $g(P) = \sum_{S \in P} \nu(S)$. This can be shown to require somewhere between $O(2^{|N|})$ and $O(3^{|N|})$ operations.
The above problem can (almost) be reduced to the problem of finding a partition $P_3$ of $N$ into three sets that maximizes $g(P_3)$. However there are still $O(3^{|N|})$ partitionings of $N$ into three sets.
Lets say we construct such a 3 partition $(S_1,S_2,S_3)$ as follows: For each element $i \in N$, we add $i$ to the first set with probability $x_i$, to the second set with probability $y_i$ and to the third with probability $z_i$, where $x_i+y_i+z_i = 1$ and $0 \leq x_i, y_i, z_i$.
It can be shown that the expected value of such a probability distribution, $x,y,z$, over the 3 partitions of $N$ is $f(x,y,z) = E[g(P)] = \sum_{c \subset N} \nu(C)\left[\Pi_{i \in C} x_i \Pi_{i \not \in C} (y_i+z_i) + \Pi_{i \in C} y_i \Pi_{i \not \in C} (x_i+z_i) + \Pi_{i \in C} z_i \Pi_{i \not \in C} (x_i+y_i)\right]$.
I am considering the situation in which we relax the constraint $x_i+y_i+z_i = 1$ to $x_i+y_i+z_i \leq 1$ and then using techniques akin to interior point methods for standard convex programming.
This relaxation clearly does not change maximum of $f(x,y,z)$ and with it in place $f(x,y,z)$ can be shown to be convex over our feasible set $0 \leq x_i,y_i,z_i$ and $x_i +y_i+z_i \leq 1$ for $i \in N$.
Given the above, my question is: Is there any general theory for maximizing convex functions over convex compact sets? (Apart from that the maximum must appear on the boundary?)
First time poster, so my apologies if I have tagged this inappropriately. I know of much work in convex programming (minimizing convex functions over convex sets) but haven't been able to find similar work for maximization.
share|improve this question
If you just need a numerical answer and you use simulated annealing, it will converge quickly and almost surely by convexity. – Steve Huntsman Mar 5 '10 at 15:06
I am not very interested in numerical answers. I am more interested in general techniques for solving such problems (steepest ascent, etc...). As well as any computational complexity bounds. For example, what sufficient conditions are there (if there are any) for Netwon's method, for example, to be guaranteed to converge? – Travis Service Mar 5 '10 at 16:19
I'm assuming that you still want heuristics? by the remark in your original problem, this problem is NP-hard. So do you want exact algorithms that run as quickly as possible, or are you willing to settle for approximations? – Suresh Venkat Mar 8 '10 at 4:21
2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
For one, the KKT conditions still apply. But in general even simple problems can be tough. For instance, maximizing a p-norm over a fairly nice type of convex polytope ("parallelotope") is NP hard -- see Bodlaender et al, "Computational Complexity of Norm Maximization." The general wisdom is: minimizing convex functions is easy; maximizing convex functions (equivalently, minimizing concave functions) is hard, though there are obviously exceptions.
share|improve this answer
If you're willing to tolerate an approximate answer, there are some options, but there's nothing direct. One idea would be to write the packing problem as an (exponential-sized) integer program and then relax it to the linear program. Then, you might (by studying the dual and using the ellipsoid algorithm) be able to get a close-enough solution to the linear program.
Following that, you could use any number of rounding techniques to solve the integer program. For example, look at Aravind Srinivasan's work: Improved Approximation Guarantees for Packing and Covering Integer Programs, SIAM Journal on Computing, Vol. 29, 648-670, 1999
But for this program to be successful, you still have to solve the LP, and given that you have both exponentially many variables and constraints (one var for each set), that's where things get complicated (as opposed to set packing, where there are $n$ sets by defn). There are cases when the ellipsoid method can be used to solve such problems, but it's case by case. At least in your case, you know that any feasible solution has at most $n$ nonzero set variables.
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ABSTRACT: The study was designed to find out factors that influence use/non-use of pedestrian bridges. The use rate of five pedestrian bridges was observed in the central business district (CBD) of Ankara. After the observations, a survey was conducted among pedestrians using those bridges and crossing contrary to safe practice under them at street level (n=408). In the present data, the use rate of pedestrian bridges varied from 6 to 63%. The frequent use of the bridge when crossing the road concerned, and seeing bridge use as time saving and safe in general were positively related to respondents' bridge use. Frequent visits to CBD decreased the likelihood of using the bridge. Other factors accounted only for a small proportion of variance in bridge use. The study suggests that bridge use or non-use is a habit and not coincidental behaviour. For increasing the pedestrians' bridge use, escalators seem to be a good solution, but traffic signals under a bridge may deteriorate the use rate. In addition, increasing the number of legs leading to the bridge may not increase the use rate. The use rate is likely to improve, if the safety benefits and convenience of using the bridge without considerable time loss are clearly visible to pedestrians.
Accident Analysis & Prevention 10/2007; 39(5):969-73. DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2007.01.004 · 1.87 Impact Factor


text: Radiocarbon analyses of carbonate materials provide critical information for understanding the last glacial cycle, recent climate history and paleoceanography. Methods that reduce the time and cost of radiocarbon (14C) analysis are highly desirable for large sample sets and reconnaissance type studies. We have developed a method for rapid radiocarbon analysis of carbonates using a novel continuous-flow accelerator mass spectrometry (CFAMS) system. We analyzed a suite of deep-sea coral samples and compared the results with those obtained using a conventional AMS system. Measurement uncertainty is <0.02 Fm or 160 Ryr for a modern sample and the mean background was 37,800 Ryr. Radiocarbon values were repeatable and in good agreement with those from the conventional AMS system. Sample handling and preparation is relatively simple and the method offered a significant increase in speed and cost effectiveness. We applied the method to coral samples from the Eastern Pacific Ocean to obtain an age distribution and identify samples for further analysis. This paper is intended to update the paleoceanographic community on the status of this new method and demonstrate its feasibility as a choice for rapid and affordable radiocarbon analysis.


attributed text with NSAttributedString and NSParagraphStyle (updated)
Note: Code has been updated following changes to UIFont in Xcode (6.1). Cut and paste this code into your viewDidLoad. Run in the iOS Simulator on an iPhone (to see full effect of paragraph styling). The comments explain what is happening. // Define string attributes let font = UIFont(name: "Georgia", size: 18.0)?? UIFont.systemFontOfSize(18.0) let textFont = [NSFontAttributeName:font] let fontItal = UIFont(name: "Georgia-Italic", size: 18.0)?? UIFont.systemFontOfSize(18.0) let italFont = [NSFontAttributeName:fontItal] // Create a string that will be our paragraph let para = NSMutableAttributedString() // Create locally formatted strings let attrString1 = NSAttributedString(string: "Hello Swift! This is a tutorial looking at ", attributes:textFont) let attrString2 = NSAttributedString(string: "attributed", attributes:italFont) let attrString3 = NSAttributedString(string: " strings.", attributes:textFont)
Swift: Use for-in loops with your own sequence types
For-in loop The for-in loop might well be familiar to you from working with arrays. For example: let intArray = [1,2,3,4,5,6] for int in intArray { println(int) } Here each value in the array is iterated over and returned as the value (in this case named int) within the loop. Build your own sequence and generator We can use the for-in loop to iterate over our own types that adopt the SequenceType protocol as is explored in this post. There are two requirements that the SequenceType protocol makes of a Type that adopts it: (1) the type must contain a method to return an instance of a Type that adopts the GeneratorType protocol, (2) it must typealias the name of the generator type to GeneratorType. And these requirements in their barest form might look like this: struct MySequence:SequenceType { typealias GeneratorType = MyGenerator func generate() -> GeneratorType { var gen = MyGenerator() return gen } } Next, because we are instantiating a gene


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The basic and main purpose of windmills is to get wind energy.
Using the wind to create electricity has been around for a long time. You've probably seen windmills on farms. People who design, build or repair windmills are called millwrights.If you want to become a millwright then get download Magic windmill coloring app, which is totally free. Come along with us and design and build your own magic windmill. Learn how to make a magic windmill and make it colorful and give it attractive shades.- Attractive Windmill images of to keep a child enthusiastic.- 30 images of different kind of Windmill.- Magic windmill allows your child to keep his interest in the study of environmental science.- Change colors with a finger touch.- Ability to save completed pictures.Don't underestimate child's coloring. It may look like leisure time, but when children are coloring, they're actually developing crucial life skills — and preparing their brains for the challenges of adulthood. This app is will clear the concept of windmill of your child. Children absolutely love science. The benefits of science for kids are tremendous. When children are engaged in Magic windmill coloring they are no longer disruptive because they are too busy in creating.


What Is a Security Deposit?
Learn the basics of a security deposit, the purpose it serves before tenant moves in, and if there are any state laws regarding security deposits protecting landlords and tenants.
What is a security deposit?
A security deposit is a sum of money that landlords require tenants to pay before they move in; the purpose is to have a financial backup if a tenant fails to pay rent or damages the rental property. Most states set a dollar limit, such as one or two months' rent, on how much a landlord can collect as a deposit. States typically require landlords to return the deposit by a specified deadline after a tenant moves out, along with an itemization of deposit deductions for unpaid rent or the cost of repairing damages to the rental unit. A tenant may not use a security deposit as last month's rent, unless the landlord agrees or the lease or rental agreement states that the deposit may be used this way. Finally, a deposit is typically refundable; in fact, some states, such as California, specifically prohibit landlords from charging nonrefundable fees, while others, including Arizona, allow certain types of nonrefundable fees, such as for cleaning or pets.
Books, Forms & eGuides


View Full Version : Printing vocab list (with definitions) from LXT
01-29-2006, 07:16 AM
I was wondering how to create a vocab list with glosses from LXT. I tried using the word list manager for all the LXT words in Jonah, but couldn't figure out how to print out a list with glosses. I figured I could always use the report generator, but that's more information than I'd like.:D
01-29-2006, 11:49 AM
Hi Jake,
While you cannot create the lexicon from the LXT, you can from the BLM as it requires a morphologically tagged text.
Here are the steps:
1. Open the word list manager.
2. Select load or generate word list.
3. Select BLM and in the verse range type in Jonah.
4. This will generate the list back in the word list manager. Go to the menu/select/select all.
5. Go to file/make lexicon from selected words
6. Select the lexicons you want included.
7. You now have the file to save or print.
John Fidel


possible
+to refer to a subset of an unencoded extent.
+
+In the simplest case, ''len'' is equal to ''unencoded_len'' and
+''unencoded_offset'' is zero. This means that the entire unencoded extent is
+used.
+
+However, suppose we read 50 bytes into a file which contains a single
+compressed extent. The filesystem must still return the entire compressed
+extent for us to be able to decompress it, so ''unencoded_len'' would be the
+length of the entire decompressed extent. However, because the read was at
+offset 50, the first 50 bytes should be ignored. Therefore,
+''unencoded_offset'' would be 50, and ''len'' would accordingly be
+''unencoded_len - 50''.
+
+Additionally, suppose we want to create an encrypted file with length 500, but
+the file is encrypted with a block cipher using a block size of 4096. The
+unencoded data would therefore include the appropriate padding, and
+''unencoded_len'' would be 4096. However, to represent the logical size of the
+file, ''len'' would be 500 (and ''unencoded_offset'' would be 0).
+
+Similar situations can arise in other cases:
+
+* If the filesystem pads data to the filesystem block size before compressing,
+ then compressed files with a size unaligned to the filesystem block size will
+ end with an extent with ''len < unencoded_len''.
+
+* Extents cloned from the middle of a larger encoded extent with
+ ''FICLONERANGE'' may have a non-zero ''unencoded_offset'' and/or
+ ''len < unencoded_len''.
+
+* If the middle of an encoded extent is overwritten, the filesystem may create
+ extents with a non-zero ''unencoded_offset'' and/or ''len < unencoded_len''
+ for the parts that were not overwritten.
+
+Security
+--------
+
+Encoded I/O creates the potential for some security issues:
+
+* Encoded writes allow writing arbitrary data which the kernel will decode on a
+ subsequent read. Decompression algorithms are complex and may have bugs that
+ can be exploited by maliciously crafted data.
+* Encoded reads may return data that is not logically present in the file (see
+ the discussion of ''len'' vs ''unencoded_len'' above). It may not be intended
+ for this data to be readable.
+
+Therefore, encoded I/O requires privilege. Namely, the ''RWF_ENCODED'' flag may
+only be used if the file description has the ''O_ALLOW_ENCODED'' file status
+flag set, and the ''O_ALLOW_ENCODED'' flag may only be set by a thread with the
+''CAP_SYS_ADMIN'' capability. The ''O_ALLOW_ENCODED'' flag can be set by
+''open()'' or ''fcntl()''. It can also be cleared by ''fcntl()''; clearing it
+does not require ''CAP_SYS_ADMIN''. Note that it is not cleared on ''fork()''
+or ''execve()''. One may wish to use ''O_CLOEXEC'' with ''O_ALLOW_ENCODED''.
+
+Filesystem support
+------------------
+
+Encoded I/O is supported on the following filesystems:
+
+Btrfs (since Linux 5.14)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Btrfs supports encoded reads and writes of compressed data. The data is encoded
+as follows:
+
+* If ''compression'' is ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_ZLIB'', then the encoded
+ data is a single zlib stream.
+* If ''compression'' is ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_ZSTD'', then the
+ encoded data is a single zstd frame compressed with the windowLog compression
+ parameter set to no more than 17.
+* If ''compression'' is one of ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_LZO_4K'',
+ ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_LZO_8K'',
+ ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_LZO_16K'',
+ ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_LZO_32K'', or
+ ''ENCODED_IOV_COMPRESSION_BTRFS_LZO_64K'', then the encoded data is
+ compressed page by page (using the page size indicated by the name of the
+ constant) with LZO1X and wrapped in the format documented in the Linux kernel
+ source file ''fs/btrfs/lzo.c''.
+
+Additionally, there are some restrictions on ''pwritev2()'':
+
+* ''offset'' (or the current file offset if ''offset'' is -1) must be aligned
+ to the sector size of the filesystem.
+* ''len'' must be aligned to the sector size of the filesystem unless the data
+ ends at or beyond the current end of the file.
+* ''unencoded_len'' and the length of the encoded data must each be no more
+ than 128 KiB. This limit may increase in the future.
+* The length of the encoded data must be less than or equal to
+ ''unencoded_len.''
+* If using LZO, the filesystem's page size must match the compression page
+ size.
+
+Implementation
+==============
+
+This section describes the requirements for filesystems implementing encoded
+I/O.
+
+First of all, a filesystem supporting encoded I/O must indicate this by setting
+the ''FMODE_ENCODED_IO'' flag in its ''file_open'' file operation::
+
+ static int foo_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
+ {
+ ...
+ filep->f_mode |= FMODE_ENCODED_IO;
+ ...
+ }
+
+Encoded I/O goes through ''read_iter'' and ''write_iter'', designated by the
+''IOCB_ENCODED'' flag in ''kiocb->ki_flags''.
+
+Reads
+-----
+
+Encoded ''read_iter'' should:
+
+1. Call ''generic_encoded_read_checks()'' to validate the file and buffers
+ provided by userspace.
+2. Initialize the ''encoded_iov'' appropriately.
+3. Copy it to the user with ''copy_encoded_iov_to_iter()''.
+4. Copy the encoded data to the user.
+5. Advance ''kiocb->ki_pos'' by ''encoded_iov->len''.
+6. Return the size of the encoded data read, not including the ''encoded_iov''.
+
+There are a few details to be aware of:
+
+* Encoded ''read_iter'' should support reading unencoded data if the extent is
+ not encoded.
+* If the buffers provided by the user are not large enough to contain an entire
+ encoded extent, then ''read_iter'' should return ''-ENOBUFS''. This is to
+ avoid confusing userspace with truncated data that cannot be properly
+ decoded.
+* Reads in the middle of an encoded extent can be returned by setting
+ ''encoded_iov->unencoded_offset'' to non-zero.
+* Truncated unencoded data (e.g., because the file does not end on a block
+ boundary) may be returned by setting ''encoded_iov->len'' to a value smaller
+ value than ''encoded_iov->unencoded_len - encoded_iov->unencoded_offset''.
+
+Writes
+------
+
+Encoded ''write_iter'' should (in addition to the usual accounting/checks done
+by ''write_iter''):
+
+1. Call ''copy_encoded_iov_from_iter()'' to get and validate the


text:
WALTHAM™ Kitten Growth Charts
How big will my cat get? When will my kitten stop growing? What should a kitten weigh? Like many new kitten owners, you might be asking yourself all these questions – and more. Owning a kitten can be a challenge. And if needle sharp teeth and tiny, yet powerful, claws weren't enough to deal with, healthy weight gain should also be a priority.
Created by a group of experts including veterinarians, statisticians, and nutrition scientists, WALTHAM™ Kitten Growth Charts can help pet owners and veterinary professionals monitor cats' growth.
Why should I use them?
Just like babies, kittens that grow too quickly or slowly can suffer from lifelong health problems - therefore it's important to ensure that kittens grow at a healthy rate.
WALTHAM™ Kitten Growth Charts are a free user-friendly tool to allow owners monitor their cat's growth from 8 weeks - adulthood.
By using the charts, you can compare your kitten's weight and growth to the weight of other healthy kittens at the same age. This allows you to see if they're growing at a healthy rate or spot any unusual growth so you can contact your veterinarian before it becomes an issue.
The charts are based on data from thousands of healthy young cats and are intended to be a standard for healthy growth. They have been scientifically developed in a similar manner to charts used to monitor the growth of children (e.g. the WHO growth standards), which are used by healthcare professionals around the world. .
As well as these Kitten Growth Charts, we have also created WALTHAM™ Puppy Growth Charts. They are available to download or use our app and track your puppy's weight online
Download the free of charge printable PDF Kitten Growth Charts to benefit from:
- Kitten Growth charts scientifically developed by veterinarians and scientists using data from thousands of healthy cat and kittens
- Your kitten's ideal adult weight
- Unlimited downloads
- Printable charts that you can share with your veterinarian
WALTHAM™ Kitten Growth Charts FAQs
Kittens grow very quickly in their first few months, so their date of birth is important in tracking their growth accurately. A difference of a week or two could make a big impact as to how their growth is interpreted. If you don't know your kitten's birthday, you could check with the breeder or if you got your kitten from a shelter, your veterinarian may be able to estimate their age. If you use an estimated date of birth, follow the curves with caution and speak to your veterinarian if you have concerns or if your kitten's growth appears to be going off track.
Yes! The kitten growth charts have been developed using data from domestic short haired, the most common type of cat in the UK and US, rather than recognised pedigree cat breeds. However, they are suitable for all cat breeds and cross breeds that have an adult weight between 2-7kg.
You can weigh your kitten at home using regular digital scales. You may want to put them in something e.g., a carrier or bowl to keep them still when weighing. If doing this don't forget to subtract the weight of what you're using from the combined weight to get the accurate weight of your kitty.
Check your scales go up in small (e.g., 1 gram) increments to accurately track your kitten's growth
Top Tip: Try to use the same scales each time you weigh your kitten. Make sure you factor in how big they're going to grow, or how wriggly they may get!
Every 2-4 weeks up to 6 months of age, and then every 1-3 months until fully grown
It's not encouraged to weigh your kitten more frequently as things such as meals and toileting meals can make your kitten's weight appear to fluctuate. Regular (e.g., every 2-4 weeks) weight measurements over a longer period are more likely to reflect the true change in weight.
- Calculate your kitten's age in weeks. There are lots of online calculators that will help you do this if you're unsure
- Accurately weigh them
- Find their age on the horizontal (bottom) axis and the appropriate weight on the vertical (side) axis. Make a small dot where the two lines intersect.
- Do this every 2-4 weeks up to 6 months of age, and then every 1-3 months until fully grown
Sorry to hear your kitten is unwell! We recommend you continue weighing them even though they're not feeling their best.
Some illnesses, such as gastroenteritis, can lead to a temporary halt in growth. In most cases your kitten should catch up again to the original centile line. If this doesn't happen, they're unwell for a long period of time, or they cross 2 or more centile lines, please contact your veterinarian.
Top Tip: make a note of when they were unwell in your calendar in case you need to discuss with the veterinarian in the future.
Your kitten's growth chart includes curves, which are centile lines. These represent the expected range of normal growth for cats based on the data from thousands of healthy cats.
The number of the centile reflects the percentage of the population (weight category) whose weight falls below that line; for example, if a cat is on the 75th centile, it means than 75% of cats in that population will weigh less (and 25% will weigh more).
Weights that follow a curved lined are considered to be 'normal', regardless as to whether this is the lowest or the highest growth curve. For example, a kitten's growth can track consistently between the lowest two curves and have healthy, normal growth.
Typically, a healthy kitten's weights will stay in the same part of the chart throughout growth. However, some healthy kittens track more closely to the curved lines than others.
By tracking weight and comparing them to the growth curves, problems can also be identified and managed more quickly. For example, kittens crossing growth curve (or centile) lines upwards are growing quicker than expected, whilst those crossing downwards are growing more slowly than expected. Crossing these lines can occur in healthy cats, however it's more likely to occur when there is a health issue or problem with nutrition and may indicate that a trip to the veterinarian may be needed.Further reading: WALTHAM™ pocket book of healthy weight maintenance for dogs and cats
Most kittens reach their mature adult weight by 52 weeks of age. However some kittens, in particular those that have a healthy adult bodyweight above average, may continue to grow a little longer.
When your kitten reaches the end of their growth curve, this is when they are considered fully grown. In our study looking at the growth data of thousands of healthy cats, we saw the majority had finished growing by 78 weeks.
Neutering can impact growth. We found neutered female kittens require portion control to stay at a healthy weight.
To develop the charts, only the data from entire cats was used. This doesn't mean the growth charts are not appropriate for neutered kittens. However, because neutering is a risk factor for becoming overweight/ obese in later life it is a good idea to closely monitor your kittens weight following neutering. If you kitten's weight after neutering deviates from its growth centile you should seek veterinary advice to check that your kitten is developing as it should do.
Top Tip: Mark the neuter date to your chart so you can see if it impacts your kitten's growth.
Body condition score charts are a great way to check if your cat is in ideal condition.
If you haven't been trained and gained experience measuring lots of different cats, they can be tricky to use and may result in a cat being scored incorrectly.
The WALTHAM™ Kitten Growth Charts can be used by anyone without training and help owners track if their kitten is gaining a healthy amount of weight.
Top tip: when you take your cat to the veterinarian ask them to body condition score your cat and explain why so you get used to what your cat feels like at a healthy weight.
Once you have taken enough measurements (at least 3 after 8 weeks of age, spaced a minimum of 2 weeks apart), so that you know the growth curve line that your kitten is following, you could then use this to predict expected adult weight, assuming that your kitten continues to grow at a healthy rate.
Your kitten should reach adulthood following a single, or in between two centile lines of their growth chart. This bodyweight should be healthy for your pet. Make sure you keep monitoring their weight as this should not fluctuate too much. If it changes by more than 5% seek veterinary advice
The charts are based on data from thousands of healthy young domestic shorthair kittens and are intended to be a standard for healthy growth. These cats had their bodyweight recorded during routine trips to one of the Banfield Pet Hospitals in the USA. They all remained healthy and in ideal body condition during their first 2.5 years of life. Once developed, the charts were validated by comparing the growth curves to the growth pattern of other healthy cats and cats that were overweight, or underweight or had diseases associated with abnormal growth.
The methods behind the creation and validation of the kitten Growth Charts have been published in PLoS One, an independent international, peer-reviewed scientific journal. They were created by a group of experts including veterinarians, statisticians, and nutrition scientists. The scientific approach to develop these charts is similar to the one used to monitor the growth of children (e.g. the WHO growth standards), which are used by healthcare


text:
Contents (view all pages)
Put here the wiki news with what's happened
Contribute to this wiki
To write a new article, just enter the article title in the box below.
- Not sure where to start?
Dinky Duck was a Terrytoons cartoon character that appeared in a number of animated shorts. Dinky was a young duck that lived on a farm with ducks, chickens and other typical farm animals. Dinky often took on the role of an orphan who simply wanted a place to call home. Other times, Dinky would perform some heroic deed and help restore calm to the barnyard when adult animals quarreled. Dinky first appeared in the 1939 short The Orphan Duck.


How to set up QoS using TP-Link Wi-Fi router?
Configuration Guide
Updated 11-25-2020 06:26:40 AM 14832
This Article Applies to:
The QoS (Quality of Service) feature allows you to prioritize the internet traffic of specific devices to guarantee a faster connection when you need it the most. The router has preset an appropriate bandwidth allocation policy, so you don't need to set different priorities for all devices. Simply set the desired device to High Priority and set how long you want it to remain the high priority, then the device will be allocated with more bandwidth when the network is overloaded.

Case 1. If your TP-Link Wi-Fi router supports HomeCare function.

1. Log into the web interface of your TP-Link device by referring to How to log in to the web-based interface of Wi-Fi Routers (new logo)?
2. Click on Basic –> HomeCare –> QOS.
_URL_
Note: You may also reach this area by following the path: Advanced – QOS -Application Priority.
3. Choose an application priority unless you use choose "Custom" your choice will auto-save.
_URL_

Optional: You can also setup priority for specific device(s) in your network
1. Select Device priority.
_URL_
2. Choose which device(s) to give priority and then select desired timing.
_URL_

Once you have selected the time, the configuration will apply the new changes onto that device.

Case 2. If your TP-Link Wi-Fi router doesn't support HomeCare function.

1. Log into the web interface of your TP-Link device by referring to How to log in to the web-based interface of Wi-Fi Routers (new logo)?
2. Go to Advanced > QoS.
3. Enable QoS.
4. Enter the upload and download bandwidth provided by your internet service provider. Click Save.
_URL_
Note: QoS will take effect only when the total network traffic rate is greater than the bandwidth you have set here.
If your web interface is different please refer to Step 6.
5. Under Device Priority, find your computer and toggle on Priority. Click the entry in the Timing column and select 2 hours as the duration you want the device to be prioritized for.
_URL_
Done! Now, the traffic of this computer will be prioritized to guarantee a faster connection for the next 2 hours when the network is overloaded.
6. Click Advanced and drag the scroll bar to set the bandwidth priority percentage.
7. Click Save.
_URL_
8. Add a middle priority QoS rule for the phone.
1). Select By Device and then click View Existing Devices.
_URL_
2). Choose the respective device from the list.
_URL_
3). Click OK.
_URL_
9. Refer to the steps above to apply other QoS rules if any.
Done! Now QoS is implemented to prioritize Internet traffic.
Get to know more details of each function and configuration please go to Download Center to download the manual of your product.
Sign up for news & offersTP-Link takes your privacy seriously. For further details on TP-Link's privacy practices, see TP-Link's Privacy Policy.
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Check products and services for your region.


When Fredrick Masury moved to Brookfield Township in 1903 to build a factory to make explosives for the coal mining industry, coal mining was already on its way out in the township.
"He was a little late for that here," said Lois Werner, archivist for the Brookfield Historical Society. "Coal mining died in the 1890s."
Maybe that explains why Masury only stayed in Brookfield until 1914. In any event, the Masury name stuck.
A Columbia University graduate and former Dupont employee, Masury built the Masurite Explosive Co. in the southeastern part of the township. He and his wife, Olive, lived in Petroleum, just down the road in Hubbard Township, Werner said.
Once Masurite Explosive was established, other industries followed, including Standard Tank and General American.
"That's when Masury exploded, you might say," Werner said. "The Brookfield part remained pretty rural."
Masury became a player in local politics and community development, and was a deputy sheriff, but began dismantling his operation in 1911. He eventually moved in California, where he was an explosives consultant for the Army.
Largely upon the efforts of Olive Masury, the burgeoning industrial section of Brookfield and the "mill village" that sprouted up around it became known as Masury, Werner said.
"She was very much involved in recognizing her husband," Werner said of Olive Masury.


text:
This step-by-step tutorial will guide you through the process of Google Classroom Integration With LMS Theme
Schools and technology companies can use the Classroom API to build tools that interact with Classroom and G Suite for Education, and make Classroom work
Step 1 : Please install and activate the plugin DesignThemes Webinar
Step 2 : Navigate to the WP Dashboard > DT Webinar > General > JSON Credentials. Please add your Google Classroom API JSON text
Step 3 : You can choose the page layout for the classes which are retrieved from Google Classroom
Step 4 : Go to _URL_ for creating the api keys. Login with the gmail id that is going to be the admin email of google classes
Step 5 : Create new project and then Credentials > OAuth client ID, there you need to enter your url and the redirect url. For url use your domain name and for the redirect url use this url _URL_ Replace yourdomain.com to corresponding one.
Step 6 :Now you can download the json file from the option shown in this screenshot
Step 7: Open the json file and copy the content and paste it in the json text area mentioned in point 2 and click save. Once saved just click the button "Connect / Reconnect To Google Classroom" now it will be redirected to the google auth page. Sign in with the gmail id in which you have created google classrooms.
Step 8: Now all the google classrooms data will be saved in our site.
Step 9 : To Display the google classrooms in the frontend, just create a new page and assign "Google Classroom Template" as shown in this screenshots