file_specification). The diskgroup_alias_clauses let you create more user-friendly alias names for the Oracle ASM filenames. You cannot specify an alias name that ends in a dotted pair of numbers, as this format is indistinguishable from an Oracle ASM filename.
Before specifying this clause, you must first create the directory structure appropriate for your naming conventions (see diskgroup_directory_clauses). The total length of the alias name, including the directory prefix, is limited to 256 bytes. Alias names are case insensitive but case retentive.
ADD ALIAS
Use this clause to create an alias name for an Oracle ASM filename. The alias_name consists of the full directory path and the alias itself. To determine the names of existing Oracle ASM aliases, query the V$ASM_ALIAS dynamic performance view. Refer to ASM_filename for information on Oracle ASM filenames.
DROP ALIAS
Use this clause to remove an alias name from the disk group directory. Each alias name consists of the full directory path and the alias itself. The underlying file to which the alias refers remains unchanged.
RENAME ALIAS
Use this clause to change the name of an existing alias. The alias_name consists of the full directory path and the alias itself.
Restriction on Dropping and Renaming Aliases
You cannot drop or rename a system-generated alias. To determine whether an alias was system generated, query the SYSTEM_CREATED column of the V$ASM_ALIAS dynamic performance view.
diskgroup_volume_clauses
Use these clauses to manipulate logical Oracle ASM Dynamic Volume Manager (Oracle ADVM) volumes corresponding to physical volume devices. To use these clauses, Oracle ASM must be started and the disk group being modified must be mounted.
See Also:
Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for more information about disk group volumes, including examples
add_volume_clause
Use this clause to add a volume to the disk group.
For asm_volume, specify the name of the volume. The name can contain only alphanumeric characters and the first character must be alphabetic. The maximum length of the name is platform dependent. Refer to Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for more information.
For size_clause, specify the size of the Oracle ADVM volume. The Oracle ASM instance determines whether sufficient space exists to create the volume. If sufficient space does not exist, then the Oracle ASM instance returns an error. If sufficient space does exist, then all nodes in the cluster with an Oracle ASM instance running and the disk group mounted are notified of the addition. Oracle ASM creates and enables on those nodes a volume device that can be used to create and mount file systems.
The following optional settings are also available:
 - In the redundancy_clause, specify the redundancy level of the Oracle ADVM volume. You can specify this clause only when creating a volume in a normal redundancy disk group. You can specify the following volume redundancy levels:
 - MIRROR: 2-way mirroring of the volume. This is the default.
 - HIGH: 3-way mirroring of the volume.
 - UNPROTECTED: No mirroring of the volume.
 You cannot specify the redundancy_clause when creating a volume in a high redundancy disk group or an external redundancy disk group. If you do so, then an error will result. In high redundancy disk groups, Oracle Database automatically sets the volume redundancy to HIGH (3-way mirroring). In external redundancy disk groups, Oracle Database automatically sets the volume redundancy to UNPROTECTED (no mirroring).
 - In the STRIPE_WIDTH clause, specify a stripe width for the Oracle ADVM volume. The valid range is from 4KB to 1MB, at intervals of the power of 2. The default value is 128K.
 - In the STRIPE_COLUMNS clause, specify the number of stripes in a stripe set of the Oracle ADVM volume. The valid range is 1 to 8. The default is 4. If STRIPE_COLUMNS is set to 1, then striping becomes disabled. In this case, the stripe width is the extent size of the volume. This volume extent size is 64 times the allocation unit (AU) size of the disk group.
 - In the disk_region_clause clause, specify the Intelligent Data Placement attribute of both the primary and nonprimary mirror of the disk group volume. The default for both is COLD. See disk_region_clause for details on this clause.
modify_volume_clause
Use this clause to modify the characteristics of an existing Oracle ADVM volume. You must specify at least one of the following clauses:
 - In the disk_region_clause clause, specify the Intelligent Data Placement attribute of both the primary and nonprimary mirror of the disk group volume. The default for the primary mirror is COLD. The default for mirror and high redundancy is HOT. See disk_region_clause for details on this clause.
 - In the MOUNTPATH clause, specify the mountpath name associated with the volume. The mountpath_name can be up to 1024 characters.
 - In the USAGE clause, specify the usage name associated with the volume. The usage_name can be up to 30 characters.
RESIZE VOLUME Clause
Use this clause to change the size of an existing Oracle ADVM volume. In an Oracle ASM cluster, the new size is propagated to all nodes. If an Oracle Automatic Storage Management File System (ACFS) exists on the volume, then you must use the acfsutil size command instead of the ALTER DISKGROUP statement.
See Also:
Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for more information about the acfsutil size command
DROP VOLUME Clause
Use this clause to remove the Oracle ASM file that is the storage container for an existing Oracle ADVM volume. In an Oracle ASM cluster, all nodes with an Oracle ASM instance running and with this disk group open are notified of the drop operation, which results in removal of the volume device. If the volume file is open, then this clause returns an error.
diskgroup_attributes
Use this clause to specify attributes for the disk group. Table 13-2 lists the attributes you can set with this clause. Refer to the CREATE DISKGROUP "ATTRIBUTE Clause" for information on the behavior of this clause.
modify_diskgroup_file
Use this clause to modify the Intelligent Data Placement attributes of an existing disk group file. When you modify the Intelligent Data Placement for a file, this action will apply to new extensions of the file, but existing file contents are not affected until a rebalance operation. To apply the new Intelligent Data Placement policy for existing file contents, you can manually initiate a rebalance. A rebalance operation uses the last specified policy for the file extents.
See Also:
drop_diskgroup_file_clause
Use this clause to drop a file from the disk group. Oracle ASM also drops all aliases associated with the file being dropped. You must use one of the reference forms of the filename. Most Oracle ASM files do not need to be manually deleted because, as Oracle Managed Files, they are removed automatically when they are no longer needed. Refer to ASM_filename for information on the reference forms of Oracle ASM filenames.
You cannot drop a disk group file it if is the spfile that was used to start up the current instance or any instance in the Oracle ASM cluster.
convert_redundancy_clause
You can use this clause to convert a NORMAL REDUNDANCY or HIGH REDUNDANCY disk group to a FLEX REDUNDANCY disk group. The disk group must have at least three failure groups before you start the conversion.
usergroup_clauses
Use these clauses to add a user group to the disk group, remove a user group from the disk group, or to add a member to or drop a member from an existing user group.
See Also:
Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for detailed information about user groups and members, including examples
ADD USERGROUP
Use this clause to add a user group to the disk group. You must have SYSASM or SYSDBA privilege to create a user group. The maximum length of a user group name is 63 bytes. If you specify the user name, then it must be in the OS password file and its length cannot exceed 32 characters.
MODIFY USERGROUP
Use these clauses to add a member to or drop a member from an existing user group. You must be an Oracle ASM administrator (with SYSASM privilege) or the creator (with SYSDBA privilege) of the user group to use these clauses. The user name must be an existing user in the OS password file.
DROP USERGROUP
Use this clause to drop an existing user group from the disk group. You must be an Oracle ASM administrator (with SYSASM privilege) or the creator (with SYSDBA privilege) of the user group to use this clause. Dropping a user group may leave a disk group file without a valid user group. In this case, you can update the disk group file manually to add a new, valid group using the file_permissions_clause.
user_clauses
Use these clauses to add a user to, drop a user from, or replace a user in a disk group.
Note:
When administering users with SQL*Plus, the users must be existing operating system users and their user names must have corresponding operating system user IDs. However, only users in the same cluster as the Oracle ASM instance can be validated.
ADD USER
Use this clause to add one or more operating system (OS) users to an Oracle ASM disk group and give those users


text:
Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of the push movement in tai chi
- Correspondence to: Ms Chan, Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Kwok Sports Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong;
- Accepted 16 September 2002
Background: Tai chi is a form of exercise derived from the martial art folk traditions of China. The force used in tai chi includes different principles of mechanical advantage. No studies on the kinematic features of tai chi exercise have been published.
Objective: To analyse the kinematics and electromyographic characteristics of tai chi.
Methods: An experienced tai chi master was asked to perform a sequence of basic movements: ward off, roll back, press, and push. The movements were videotaped and digitised using a motion analysis system. Electromyographic activities of the lumbar erector spinae, rectus femoris, medial hamstrings, and medial head of gastrocnemius were recorded by surface electrodes. The push movement data were analysed.
Results: The medial hamstrings and medial head of gastrocnemius muscle groups maintained low activity, with higher electromyographic values in the lumbar erector spinae and substantially higher ones in the rectus femoris during the push movement. Both concentric and eccentric contractions occurred in muscles of the lower limbs, with eccentric contraction occurring mainly in the anti-gravity muscles such as the rectus femoris and the medial head of gastrocnemius. The forward and backward shifts in centre of gravity (CG) were mainly accomplished by increasing and decreasing respectively the joint angles of the bilateral lower limbs rather than by adopting a forward or backward postural lean. The path of the CG in the anteroposterior and mediolateral component was unique, and the sway or deviation from the path was small. The master maintained an upright posture and maintained a low CG (hips, knees, and ankles bent) while travelling slowly and steadily from one position to another.
Conclusion: The eccentric muscle contraction of the lower limbs in the push movement of tai chi may help to strengthen the muscles.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
How can I validate individual rows of a list record in web applications?
You cannot use the normal validation flow, because you have multiple inputs related to the same widget at design time.
We suggest three options:
- Have a save button in each row, so you can validate the values individually.
- Same as 1, but with on change action instead of the save button.
- Use an auxiliary variable bound to each record.
- On the code that validates each row, assign whether the record is valid to the auxiliary variable of the record.
- On your screen logic, check the current value of the auxiliary variable for each record. Add a CSS class to records with invalid input. In the case, the CSS class "Not_Valid".

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
URBANA, Ill. (WCIA) — Jack-o'-lanterns and other decorative gourds were brought to the Urbana Landscape Recycling Center on Saturday afternoon to properly dispose of them in a fun way.
The Second Annual Pumpkin Smash encouraged families across the area to avoid throwing their pumpkins in the garbage. Old or rotting pumpkins were brought to the event, and families could crush them against a wall.
Grace Wilken, Champaign County Environmental Stewards Board Member, said that making sure pumpkins are thrown away correctly is key for a healthy environment.
"We're trying to make sure that all of these old pumpkins get put into compost and go back into making new soil rather than going into the landfill and creating harmful emissions," Wilken said. "They create methane, breaking down in the landfill. And so compost is a great way to take organic matter and recycle those nutrients, instead of having them turn into greenhouse gases."
All composted pumpkins are ground up and turned into soil. Last year's Pumpkin Smash collected 1,500 pounds of pumpkin waste. Officials are hoping for similar numbers this year.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Merzci Banana Chips has found its way to our kids' picky palate. Find out why this new treat from Merzci Pasalubong is tickling their taste buds.
The Special Merzci Banana Chips
Our daughters mostly prefer snacks made from natural ingredients. For example, they prefer my homemade oatmeal cookies over store-bought ones.
- Read: Oatmeal Cookie Recipe
They also like salted peanuts, sunflower seeds, and boiled sweet corn. Another food item that adds variety to their afternoon snacks or after lunch pica-pica is the Merzci Banana Chips.
Why they Love the Special Banana Chips
I just have to say this — our kids totally love the Merzci Banana Chips! And without guilt, we indulge them in this healthy snack.
Read more why.
It's all natural.
Since this simple snack is made primarily from fresh bananas, it is indeed all natural. It is simply dehyrated to last long and to achieve that crunchy, smooth, and satisfying texture.
Merzci exports their special banana chips to China, which is the reason why it has a very nice packaging. If you will read closely, it has Chinese characters for the locals to understand.
Despite that, this product does not have preservatives. The long shelf life, which is about a year, is attributed to the process, handling, and secure packaging.
Enhanced with sesame seeds.
Without our prodding, our kids prefer healthy food. This is partly in thanks to their voracious appetite for books. They love to read and learn. And they know that eating nutritious food keeps them healthy.
Sesame seeds are a good source of fiber and of plant protein. The banana chips have some sesame seeds but not too much as to make it overpowering. But they make the chips more nutritious.
A delicious and nutritious snack.
The Merzci Banana Chips are so good. They are lightly sweet and crunchy, just enough to be comforting. Additionally, they are easy to chew, even for those who have dentures. A 100-gram pack is very filling and guilt-free, too.
- Related: Bacolod Dentist for Kids
Just make sure to let the kids drink water after eating to protect their teeth.
Easy on the budget.
For budget-conscious mommies, the Merzci Banana Chips is super sulit. At P40 per pack, it is very affordable so it won't hurt your family budget to indulge.
- Related: Mommy Tipid Tips to Beat Inflation
If you have young kids, you don't have to send the entire pack for their baon. You may divide it into two or three servings and put in air tight containers for school.
It seems that food packaging does affect one's appetite. The Merzci Chips come in an attractive green and yellow packaging. It's secure and air tight, too, to keep the product fresh.
About the Merzci Special Banana Chips
The Merzci Special Banana Chips is made from fresh bananas and lightly sweetened with sugar. It is flavored with a little calamansi and enhanced with sesame seeds. No artificial preservatives were added. #MerzciSpecialBananaChips
The Merzci Special Banana Chips are truly "Masarap. Malutong. At Masustansya!"
They come in 100 gram packs and retail at PhP40 each. However, Merzci wholesalers and dealers nationwide can avail for a special bulk discount.
For more information, you may contact these numbers:
Merzci Pasalubong or CM and Sons Inc.
(0917) _PHONE_ | _PHONE_ | _PHONE_ local 140
Banana Chips Promo
The Merzci special banana chips are on introductory price until January 15, 2020. You buy 4 and get 1 pack FREE. These promo packs are bundled for easy purchase and gifting as Bacolod pasalubong. It's P160 per pack of 5.
Other Merzci Pasalubong products
Here are some of the other Merzci Pasalubong products that our kids like. Yes, these kids have actually grown up with Merzi products. Butterscotch and caramel tarts are regular fares. We even bring them when we travel.
Basta sa #Merzci #TananManamit!
Siobe Shane vlogged about how much she loves the Merzci Special Banana Chips. Watch the video below and please give her a thumbs up. Also, please subscribe to the kids' YouTube channel: @SistersActKidsCanTell
Nutritional Benefits of Banana
Bananas have always been known as a nutritious and filling fruit. If you are hungry, a banana or two drives away hunger pangs and also stabilizes blood sugar levels. But more than these, bananas are very nutritious.
- Good source of Vitamin C, Vitamin B6, magnesium, copper, manganese, and potassium. When people experience fainting spells due to low potassium levels, banana is usually given.
- The potassium in bananas is good for heart health and blood pressure.
- Bananas aid in digestion and overcome gastrointestinal issues. Some varieties help in constipation while others curtail loose bowel movement. Related article: Probiotics Help in Healthy Digestion
- Bananas are also a good source of energy without the harmful fats and cholesterol.
- The banana is also great for weight loss because it is filling and nutritious. The body does not go on starvation mode, which is bad for the diet, because of the nutrients that banana contains.
- Banana is a powerful antioxidant.
The best thing is, the process of drying bananas preserves most of these nutrients sans the moisture. So you get all the goodness of this amazing fruit in a pack of the special Merzci Banana Chips.
Nutritional Benefits of Sesame Seeds
Meanwhile, these little sesame seeds should not be ignored. They are packed with vitamins and minerals and may as well be considered a super food. Here are some of the health benefits of taking sesame seeds.
- A good source of fiber.
- May lower levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
- A nutritious source of plant protein.
- Helps lower blood pressure.
- May reduce inflammation.
- A good source of B Vitamins.
- Aids in controlling the blood sugar levels.
- Rich in antioxidants.
- Boosts the immune system because of the presence of vitamins and minerals.
- Soothes arthritic pain and improves mobility of the knee
- Support thyroid health.
- May aid hormone imbalance during menopause.


Article ID: 49047
Updated On:
CA Workload Automation AE - Business Agents (AutoSys) CA Workload Automation AE - Scheduler (AutoSys) CA Workload Automation Agent CA Process Automation Base
If information pulled from another location, such as Service Desk contains a special character and is handled in a Pre or Post execution code script PAM will interpret the character as is and will cause an error to occur similar to:
Error Message: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: The entity name must immediately follow the '&' in the entity reference
This is because PAM is not encoding the special characters in anyway and they must be encoded prior to use in a similar way to the following examples:
Process.outputString = Process.inputString.replace(/&/g, "&");
Process.outputString = Process.outputString.replace(//g, ">");
Process.outputString = Process.outputString.replace (/"/g, """);
Process.outputString = Process.outputString.replace (/'/g, "'");
Please note, inputString and outputString are arbitrary names, and this does not need to be a process level variable. This will replace "<, >, &", etc with the proper entity reference for each character. For example, & becomes & and < becomes <.
Release: ITPASA99000-3.1-Process Automation-Add On License for-CA Server Automation


Exploring auction databases through interactive visualization
TitleExploring auction databases through interactive visualization
Publication TypeJournal Articles
Year of Publication2006
AuthorsShmueli G, Jank W, Aris A, Plaisant C, Shneiderman B
JournalDecision Support Systems
Pagination1521 - 1538
Date Published2006/12//
ISBN Number0167-9236
KeywordsAuction dynamics, Bid history, Online auctions, time series, user interface
We introduce AuctionExplorer, a suite of tools for exploring databases of online auctions. The suite combines tools for collecting, processing, and interactively exploring auction attributes (e.g., seller rating), and the bid history (price evolution represented as a time series). Part of AuctionExplorer's power comes from its coupling of the two information structures, thereby allowing exploration of relationships between them. Exploration can be directed by hypothesis testing or exploratory data analysis. We propose a process for visual data analysis and illustrate AuctionExplorer's operations with a dataset of eBay auctions. Insights may improve seller, bidder, auction house, and other vendors' understanding of the market, thereby assisting their decision making process.


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How to Capitalize the First Letter of a Word in Google Sheets
When working with text in Google Sheets there are a number of times where you may need to modify the data.
Google Sheets has a few text functions that are useful for doing different things.
For example, sometimes you may need to capitalize the first letter of words in your cells. Google Sheets has functions that will help you do this.
In this tutorial, I will show you 2 formulas that will help you capitalize the first letter of words in Google Sheets.
How to Capitalize the First Letter of Each Word in Google Sheets
If you have a string of text in a cell, and you want to capitalize the first letter of every word in that string, the PROPER function will help you do this.
The PROPER function will output your selected text with the first letter capitalized of every word in the cell.
The PROPER function only takes one argument, which is the text that you want to perform the function on.
Here is the syntax of this formula:
PROPER(text)
Here is how to use this function:
 1. Select the cell where you want the formula to output the data.
 2. Type the word "Proper" and press the Tab button on your keyboard
 3. Select the cell with the text that you want to change
 4. Type a closing parenthesis ")"
 5. Press Enter on your keyboard
Proper
This method is useful if you want to capitalize every single word in a cell, but if you only want the first letter of the first word capitalized, use the below method
How to Capitalize the First Letter of a String of Text
If you only want to capitalize the first letter of a cell, you have to combine a few different functions.
There is not a single function in Google Sheets that will do this, but if you combine a few formulas, you can get the job done.
These are the functions you will need to combine and what they do:
 - UPPER – Converts string to uppercase
 - LEFT – Substring from the beginning of a specific string
 - RIGHT Substring from the end of a specific string
 - LEN – Length of a string
You would need to combine these in one formula with this syntax if you were performing it on the first cell in your spreadsheet:
=UPPER(LEFT(A1,1))&RIGHT(A1,LEN(A1)1)
You can see in the example below that this will capitalize only the very first word in your string.
Capitalize
This formula works because you are taking the very first letter at the left of your string and uppercasing it (UPPER & LEFT), and then adding on all the letters from the right of the string, except for the first letter. (RIGHT & LEN -1).
This is a very clever way of accomplishing this job. There are certainly other ways to do this in Google Spreadsheets, but this is going to be the best method.
Closing Thoughts
With the 2 methods, we have shown above you should easily be able to capitalize the first letter in your cells.
If you are still confused about how to use these functions, make sure to watch the video at the top of the page!
More Google Sheets Tutorials:
How to Sort by Date


text:
Published on May 10, 2012 at 5:06 AM
Soybeans soaking in warm water could become a new "green" source for production of a cancer-fighting substance now manufactured in a complicated and time-consuming industrial process, scientists are reporting in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
Hari B. Krishnan and colleagues explain that the substance, Bowman-Birk Protease Inhibitor (BBI), has shown promise for preventing certain forms of cancer in clinical trials. Those human tests resulted from evidence of BBI's beneficial effects, including indications that BBI derived from the large amounts of soybeans in traditional Japanese diets might underpin low cancer mortality rates in Japan. However, the current method of extracting BBI from soybeans is time-consuming and involves harsh chemicals. The scientists set out to see if there might be a greener and more environmentally friendly way of obtaining BBI.
They found that soybean seeds incubated in water at 122 degrees Fahrenheit naturally release large amounts of BBI that can easily be harvested from the water. The protein appeared to be active, with tests showing that it stopped breast cancer cells from dividing in a laboratory dish. "The abundance of BBI in soybean seed exudates by incubating the seeds in warm water provides a simple and alternative method to isolate this low molecular weight protein," the researchers said.
Source: American Chemical Society


text:
Seismic vibrations from wind turbines and their effects on the seismometer array at Eskdalemuir
The CTBTO (Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organisation) IMS seismometer array station located at Eskdalemuir in Scotland has been operating since 1962. It is vital that the government and MoD safeguard the array from excessive seismic vibration noise. The presentation reviews the work undertaken by the EWG (Eskdalemuir Working Group) a cross government/industry group, in reviewing a vibration budget in relation to seismic vibration from wind turbines. The work outlines measurement analysis and modelling to develop an understanding of how wind turbines generate seismic waves. In turn this work was used to develop a model to predict seismic ground waves that could be used to refine and define the wind turbine exclusion and 50km consultation zone around the array.


text:
Jasperson, Stephen N.
Keil, Thomas H.
Fuel cells offer clean energy by using hydrogen gas to produce electrical energy. Their limiting factor is that they use hydrogen gas, which must be produced by some alternate energy source. We investigated measures to enhance hydrogen production by irradiating an electrolysis unit with gamma rays. The experiments use an electrolysis cell and two gamma ray sources: Cs137 and a nuclear reactor. The objective was to compare the hydrogen gas production rates of the electrolysis cell exposed to these sources to the production rate with no irradiation. We observed a 19% increased rate with irradiation by Cs137 and 7% with the WPI reactor (with an experimental uncertainty of approximately 5% in both cases).
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Major Qualifying Project
Access to this report is limited to members of the WPI community. Please contact a project advisor or their department to request access
Restricted-WPI community only


text: The fleshless berry (flb) mutation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. 'Ugni Blanc') impairs the differentiation and division of inner mesocarp cells responsible for flesh in grapevine berries. In order to study the inheritance of the mutation and to map the flb locus, 5 segregating populations were created. Progeny plants were classified as mutant or wild type by scoring for the presence of an ovary phenotype associated with the Flb- phenotype at anthesis. Phenotypic segregation revealed the involvement of a single dominant allele that was heterozygous in the original mutant. Through bulk segregant analysis, microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) markers linked to the mutation were identified, and the flb locus was assigned to linkage group 18. The locus position was then refined by analyzing individual progeny and the segregation of SSR markers in the target region with the closest marker 5.6 cM distant from the flb locus. All progeny with the Flb- ovary phenotype differed from the original fleshless berry mutant in that no berries formed after anthesis. Our data suggest that the original mutant plant was a chimera with the mutated allele present in only 1 cell layer (L2 layer) of the ovary and berry.


text:
Andreas Samuel Krebs (10 March 1766 – 28 March 1818) was a Danish-Norwegian army officer.
Andreas Samuel Krebs
|Birth name||Andreas Samuel Krebs|
|Nickname(s)||The Hero from Lier and Matrand|
|Born||10 March 1766|
Tønder, Sønderjylland, Denmark
|Died||28 March 1818 (aged 52)|
Kingdom of Norway
|Years of service||1779–1818|
|Awards||Order of the Dannebrog|
Born on 10 March 1766 at Tønder in Sønderjylland, Krebs was the son of vicar Peter Ditlev Krebs and Birgitte Marie Lutz. Originally, he was to follow in his father's footsteps and study theology, but when he showed good understanding within mathematics and science, he got a desire for a career within the military.
In order to study and prepare for his officer exam, Krebs was sent to his uncle, Professor John Heinrich Krebs. After he passed his exam, he was accepted as a cadet in 1779 and later joined the Jäger Corps in Holstein as a second lieutenant. During the Theater War in 1788, Krebs was sent to Norway and took part in the advance against Bohuslän and the victory over the Swedes at Kvistrum bridge. After the war was over Krebs joined the Norwegian jäger corps, and married Else Thyrholm Gude on 12 February 1798. In 1806 he was also promoted to major.
When war once again broke out between Denmark–Norway and Sweden from 1808 to 1809, Krebs was put in direct command over the jäger corps. During the war, he distinguished himself during skirmishes at Høland, Rødenes and Berby, and was for his efforts awarded with the Order of the Dannebrog. After the war, Krebs was appointed interim commander at Kongsvinger Fortress, while he became regimental commander of the newly formed Akershus sharpshooter regiment, where he advanced to the rank of lieutenant colonel.
During the Swedish campaign against Norway in 1814, Krebs was appointed head of a division in the district around Kongsvinger. Here he successfully led the defense of Lier entrenchment, and the counter-attack that drove the Swedes back across the border at Matrand. The Norwegian victories at Lier and Matrand strengthened the morale among the Norwegian population and King Christian Frederik was sure that the fortunes of war had turned in favor of Norwegians. Although the war ended with a Swedish victory after the Convention of Moss, Krebs was hailed as the "hero from Lier and Matrand", and was considered to have saved Norway's pride in an otherwise despondently campaign. After the union between Norway and Sweden was signed, Krebs was promoted to colonel and became adjutant to Charles XIII in 1816. In 1818 Krebs was appointed commander of the 1st Akershus Brigade, but died the same year.
Krebs' street (Norwegian: Krebs' gate) in Oslo was named after him in 1874, the same time as he has streets named after him in Kongsvinger and Skotterud.
In 1879 a memorial to Andreas Samuel Krebs was unveiled at Christ Cemetery in Oslo. On every 17 May (Norwegian Constitution Day) a garland is laid on the memorial by Hans Majestet Kongens Garde. This is one of the few 17 May events in the capital that has directly to do with the events that took place in 1814.
- ^ a b c Mardal, Magnus A. "Andres Samuel Krebs". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f Godal, Anne Marit. "Andres Samuel Krebs". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
- ^ Godal, Anne Marit. "Tyttebærkrigen". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
- ^ Sinding-Larsen, B. F, ed. (1914). "Norsk militært Tidsskrift". Norwegian Military Journal (in Norwegian). [Oslo Militære Samfund]: 291–299. Archived from the original on 2011-07-02.


text:
In 2002, WOREC conducted a situational analysis of violence and its impact on youth in Udayapur and Morang districts. One thousand eight hundred sixty-one youth between the ages of 14 and 25 were interviewed individually and sixty-eight focus group discussions were conducted. The findings demonstrated that youth in rural Nepal are subjected to varied forms of psychosocial violence, including receiving threats and humiliating remarks from family and non-family members, being ridiculed or pestered as being worthless and unsuccessful by family and non-family members, and allegations of being 'charitrahin', (of bad character, particularly in relation to sexual orientation) for girls. Moreover, youth are also very aware of the types, causes and effects of such violence, and many feel that violence is the most effective way of expressing frustration or resolving conflicts.
This report provides useful information to organizations and individuals engaged in the prevention of violence against women, children, youth and adolescents, and the recommendations of the study are useful for policy and program formulation in reducing the extent and level of violence against women, children, youth and adolescents.
For a copy of this report, or for more information, contact WOREC at _EMAIL_.


DSGMC seeks UN resolution to help Sikhs wear religious symbols
August 01, 2017 10:57 PM
New Delhi, August 1 : The Delhi Sikh Gurudwara Management Committee (DSGMC) General Secretary Mr. Manjinder Singh Sirsa today urged Secretary General of the United Nations (UN) to pass a resolution in General Assembly of the body for giving exemption to Sikhs residing in different countries to wear their religious symbols as per the directive given by the Sikh Guru Sahiban.
 - A Delhi Gurudwara management committee has approached the United Nations (UN) Secretary General seeking his help in passing of a resolution by the world body to help Sikhs wear their religious symbols in different countries across the world
In a detailed letter written to the Secretary General UN, Mr. Sirsa briefed him about the importance of the five religious symbols or articles of faith as prescribed by the Sikh Guru Sahiban. He said that wearing these articles of faith was must for every sikh man and woman.
Mr. Sirsa said that he had observed that problems being faced by the Sikhs in different countries was due to laws implemented in the particular country and courts of these countries upheld the criminal cases against the Sikhs without any wrong doing committed by the sikh community members because courts are bound to follow the law of the land. He said that this problem was result of ignorance about the importance of these religious symbols on the part of the governments of these nations.
Noting that members of the community, though small in number, have contributed largely in process of development and economic growth, risen politically and served selflessly in the times of natural disasters in different nations, he said that on umpteen times it has been proved that they are gem for the society in which they live. He said that as per the teachings of the Guru Sahiban, they are bound to work for the betterment of the society as a whole.
Mr. Sirsa said that apart from wearing these symbols sikh men have to wear turbans on their heads whereas wearing caps or helmets have been banned in the faith by the Guru Sahiban.
Mr Sirsa reminded the Secretary General that as per the resolution for human rights passed at UN, everyone is born free and equal in dignity and rights. Whatever nationality, place of residence, gender, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language or any other status, the international community on December 10, 1948 made a commitment to uphold dignity and justice for all of us. He said that thus members of the community have a right to live according to their will and follow their religion.
Urging the UN body to pass a suitable resolution urging all the members nations to amend their laws or enact new one so that Sikhs should be given liberty to wear their five religious symbols as well as turban in different countries. He said that passing of such a resolution will pave way for permanent solution of the problem.
Mr. Sirsa also offered that if the appropriate authority at UN deems it fit to give a chance of hearing on the issue, DSGMC is ready to make detailed presentation before the members which can further help to understand the complex issue and undesired problems being faced by the members of the Sikh Community.
He also declared that he will make personal contacts with the various sikh bodies and sikh representatives in different nations to press the UN body to pass that resolution.
Launching this initiative he had discussion on the matter with the UK Member Parliament Mr. Tanmanjit Singh Dhesi in Delhi today who lauded the effort of Mr. Sirsa and also offered his full support for the initiative.
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Sunday 19 May
Campbell Island teal (Anas nesiotis)
What's the World's Favourite Species?Find out here.
Campbell Island teal fact file
- Find out more
- Print factsheet
Campbell Island teal description
Once thought to be extinct, the Campbell Island teal (Anas nesiotis) is now believed to be one of the world's rarest ducks, after just 20 individuals were found on Dent Island in 1975 (4). One of the few remaining flightless birds in the world, this duck is a product of an island environment isolated from the rest of the world for more than 80 million years, and free from mammalian predators. To compensate for its lack of flight, the Campbell Island teal can run very rapidly along the ground when disturbed (4) (5).
Breeding males are a dark sepia colour, with strong green iridescence on their head, neck and back, dark chestnut tones on the breast, and lighter plumage on the abdomen, in addition to a conspicuous white ring around the eye and obvious white tail spot. During non-breeding plumage, the iridescence on the head and back becomes less intense, the tail spot becomes indistinct and the eye ring becomes pale fawn. Females are uniformly dark brown with a paler abdomen, and prominent white eye ring (2). The call involves a series of soft, high-pitched whistles from the male, and low quacks and growls from the female (6).
- Also known as
- Campbell Island flightless teal.
- Anas aucklandica nesiotis.
- Male wingspan: 128 – 138 cm (2)
- Female wingspan: 114 – 125 cm (2)
- Male weight: 290 – 500 g (2)
- Female weight: 280 – 265 (2)
- Williams, M. (2005) Campbell Island Teal Anas nesiotis Species Account. In: Kear, J. (Ed.) Ducks, Geese and Swans: Anseriformes (Bird Families of the World S.). Oxford University Press, Australia and New Zealand.
- Order of crustaceans.
- A species or taxonomic group that is only found in one particular country or geographic area.
- The state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth.
- Animals with no backbone.
- Active at night.
IUCN Red List (June, 2011)
- Williams, M. (2005) Campbell Island Teal Anas nesiotis Species Account. In: Kear, J. (Ed) Ducks, Geese and Swans: Anseriformes (Bird Families of the World S.). Oxford University Press, Australia and New Zealand.
CITES (November, 2005)
TerraNature (November, 2005)
Department of Conservation (June, 2008)
BirdLife International (November, 2005)
Pukaha Mount Bruce (November, 2005)
- Seddon, P.J. and Maloney, R.F. (2003) Campbell Island teal re-introduction plan. Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand.
Wellington Zoo (November, 2005)
- view the contents of, and Material on, the website;
- download and retain copies of the Material on their personal systems in digital form in low resolution for their own personal use;
- teachers, lecturers and students may incorporate the Material in their educational material (including, but not limited to, their lesson plans, presentations, worksheets and projects) in hard copy and digital format for use within a registered educational establishment, provided that the integrity of the Material is maintained and that copyright ownership and authorship is appropriately acknowledged by the End User.
Campbell Island teal biology
There has been no biological study of the Campbell Island teal on Dent Island, with most knowledge of the bird coming from captive or post-release populations (8). Clutches are small compared to most ducks, consisting of one to five eggs, with a typical clutch size of three or four (6). In captivity, these are laid from October to January. The gestation period lasts for 30 to 34 days and both sexes can breed at one year (2). Campbell Island teal generally live to about 10 years, usually in pairs or small flocks (9). Pairs appear to demonstrate territoriality year round (2).
This nocturnal bird has not been observed feeding on Dent Island, but feeds on amphipods, weevils, earthworms, seaweed and other insects in captivity, and has been seen eating invertebrates in piles of rotting seaweed on Codfish Island (6).Top
Campbell Island teal range
Endemic to New Zealand, the Campbell Island teal is confined to the 23 hectare Dent Island, an offshore islet of Campbell Island (6). Campbell Island is thought to have been a stronghold for the species in the past, before becoming extinct there over 180 years ago (6) (7). In 1990, a survey of Dent estimated a population of 60 to 100 birds, probably equating to no more than 25 breeding pairs (6). In 1999 and 2000, a total of 24 captive-bred birds were released on Codfish Island but have since been removed, and in 2004 and 2005 a total of 105 birds were released on to Campbell Island (4).Top
Campbell Island teal habitat
Found under thick, chest-high tussock grass. The Campbell Island teal is sighted over most of the island but probably more common below 100 metres, and in damp areas (6).Top
Campbell Island teal statusTop
Campbell Island teal threats
Having disappeared from much of its former range, the Campbell Island teal population reached critically low numbers and has clung to a precarious existence. This bird's extirpation from it presumed former stronghold, Campbell Island, has largely been attributed to predation by introduced Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) that got ashore from sealing and whaling ships in the early 19th Century (4). Present-day potential threats include the accidental introduction of predators or avian disease to Dent Island, the bird's last natural refuge, or even severe weather conditions, which could have a catastrophic effect (6). Indeed, with such a small current population and limited natural range, this bird is now extremely vulnerable; just a single event is capable of driving it to complete extinction (5).Top
Campbell Island teal conservation
The outlook for the Campbell Island teal looked bleak when first rediscovered in 1975, but thankfully since then there has been fantastic progress with captive breeding programmes and the population has increased to a healthier, though still unstable, level (5). Captive breeding was started by New Zealand's Department of Conservation in 1984, from three males and one female taken from the small population on Dent Island, and another four males and three females captured in 1990. The first duckling finally hatched in 1994 at the Pukaha Mt Bruce National Wildlife Centre, receiving international attention, and by 2000 the captive population had reached 60 (4). The Department of Conservation initially released a total of 24 captive-bred birds on to the predator-free Codfish Island in 1999 and 2000 as an insurance population, and to be eventually used to restock Campbell Island (4) (5). These had an 88 percent survival rate. With this success, the Department of Conservation decided to translocate captive-bred birds directly to Campbell Island, made viable by a successful rat and cat eradication programme in 2001 (4). Thus, 50 teal, including 28 from Pukaha Mount Bruce and 22 from Codfish Island were released onto Campbell Island in September 2004, and a further 55 in September 2005 and 54 in 2006 (4) (5). A check in February 2005 found no evidence that the first batch of released birds had bred, but this may be due to their being moved close to the breeding season (4). Two decades of conservation effort have brought this bird back from extinction on Campbell Island, and meant that it now has a good chance of being able to recover and thrive once more in its native home (7).Top
Find out more
For further information on the Campbell Island teal:
This information is awaiting authentication by a species expert, and will be updated as soon as possible. If you are able to help please contact:
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate a new wide bone-anchored hearing implant considering initial stability, stability over time, implant loss, and skin reaction. STUDY DESIGN: Consecutive, prospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Twenty adult patients were enrolled. All operations were 1-stage, single-incision technique with subcutaneous reduction. INTERVENTION(S): Measurement of implant stability. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were recorded using resonance frequency analysis at the time of implantation and at 10 days, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery. Skin and soft tissue reactions according to Holgers grading system. RESULTS: Implant stability quotient measurements revealed a significant increase in ISQ during the first 10 days after operation, and the ISQ values continued to rise throughout the 1-year observation period. No implants were lost. Skin and soft tissue reactions were rare and minor, as no reaction was seen in 93% of the follow-up examinations and no grade 4 reactions occurred. CONCLUSION: The new wide implant showed good stability at surgery. Osseointegration was fast, and implant stability increased throughout the 1-year observation period. No implants were lost. Skin and soft tissue reactions were rare and minor.
Otology and Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 2014, Vol 35, Issue 7, p. 1238-41


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Abstract The use of wood residues to produce energy and steam in the pulp and paper industry generates ash waste and sewage sludge that contain nutrients for plants as a potential fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible toxic effects of pelletized waste from the pulp and paper industry using bioindicators. Two controlled experiments were conducted with radish seeds and perennial ryegrass seeds: an experiment to determine the germination index and root growth in soil extracts incubated with pelletized waste, and a pot experiment with ryegrass seeds sown in an amended Alfisol with pelletized wastes in which aerial and root biomass production was determined. The results indicate that the Alfisol amended with pelletized waste did not exhibit any acute or sub-acute toxic effects in radish germination. None of the evaluated pellets showed evidence of deterioration in root elongation, including at a 40 Mg ha-1 dose. The highest root growth was with pellet 2, with ash and sludge at the 40 Mg ha-1 dose, which was higher than that in the control treatment (p<0.05). Seed germination was between 93.9% and 100%. The highest ryegrass aerial biomass occurred with pellets 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Pelletized waste from the paper industry exhibited neither mild nor acute effects of toxicity in both radish seed germination and aerial and root biomass production of ryegrass sown in degraded soil.
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
Ciencia e investigación agraria v.45 n.2 2018
pulp and paper mill waste
Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators


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Join our Aviation and Infrastructure partner Adriana Simões in this interview with José Ricardo Botelho, the CEO of the Latin American & Caribbean Air Transport Association (ALTA), and Tiago Sousa Pereira, Director of the Brazilian National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC), in a discussion about perspectives for the Aviation industry in Brazil.
During the conversation, Adriana, José Ricardo and Tiago discuss the main challenges the industry has faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, local governments' reactions to measures to aid airlines, as well as the dialogue established between public and private entities during this critical period. They also debate airport concessions (including a 7th round set to be held in early 2022), the challenges society may face in promoting a more sustainable aviation industry, and the necessary actions for furthering cooperation between government authorities and airlines in Brazil for the development of the industry.
This episode also celebrates the release of our Aviation practice's latest book, "Vade Mecum – Brazilian Aviation Law: Key Legislation for the Aviation Sector". Our Aviation Vade Mecum was conceived in light of the Brazilian aviation sector's extensive regulations and the absence of a compilation of these norms in the market. Considering the sector's robust and constantly evolving legal framework, the book intends to facilitate access to everyone interested in the topic and promote Brazil's civil aviation sector.
The Vade Mecum can be accessed in full here!


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Cohomology and fundamental classes
Given an oriented manifold $M$ and an oriented submanifold $\phi:N\to M$ we can obtain a homology class $\phi_*[N]\in H_*(M)$ where $[N]$ is the fundamental class of $N$. In general, it is not true that every homology class of $M$ can be represented by a submanifold in this manner, however for some special cases it is.
For example, for $M$ an oriented (and closed maybe?) 4-manifold every homology class can be represented by a submanifold. Another example is when $M$ an Euclidean configuration space.
My questions are:
1) Under what circumstances can every homology class of $M$ be represented by a submanifold and
2) What are some examples of manifolds who have homology classes not representable in this manner?
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marked as duplicate by Kevin H. Lin, Ryan Budney, Loop Space, Andy Putman, Reid Barton Apr 14 '10 at 19:31
This is a duplicate, no?… – Kevin H. Lin Apr 13 '10 at 3:57
Yes, duplicate question and a question that has very good and well known answers in the literature. – Ryan Budney Apr 13 '10 at 6:43
Well it's not exactly the same question. The other question asks what is generated by images of fundamental classes of submanifolds. This question asks what is the image of the fundamental classes of submanifolds. – Don Stanley Apr 13 '10 at 6:59
The original post seems to be closer to what I was looking for. Thanks for the link and sorry for the repost. – Steve Apr 13 '10 at 12:43
3 Answers 3
up vote 19 down vote accepted
Here are a few simple answers to the question you asked:
 1. Every class in $H_{n-1}(M;Z)$ for $M$ orientable is represented by a submanifold: choose a smooth map $f:M\to S^1$ representing the Poincare dual in $H^1(M;Z)=[M,S^1]$ and take the preimage of a point. In dimensions>2 it can be taken connected.
 2. Similarly, every class in $H_{n-2}(M;Z)$ for $M$ orientable is represented by a submanifold: choose a smooth map $f:M\to CP^\infty$ representing the Poincare dual in $H^2(M;Z)=[M,CP^\infty]$, homotop $f$ into a finite skeleton, say $CP^N$, and take the preimage of $CP^{N-1}$.
 3. Transversality says that if you can represent $x\in H_k(M)$ by a map of a smooth manifold (e.g. elements in the image of the Hurewicz map, or by Thom), and $2k < n$, then you can represent it by an embedded submanifold (as Andy mentions above). For example, any class in $H_1(M)$ for $dim(M)\ge 3$. With care you can also make this work for $2k=n$, and there are techniques available in the "metastable" range (no triple points) involving generalizations of Whitney's trick and other ways to replace double points.
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A weaker question replaces "homology class of an embedded submanifold" with $f_{\ast}([M])$ for some compact smooth manifold $M$ and an arbitrary continuous map $f:M \rightarrow X$. Once you give up looking at embedded submanifolds, there is also no reason to restrict yourself to $X$ being a manifold.
A lot was proven about this by Thom in his classic paper "Quelques propriétés globales des variétés différentiables", which is more famous for containing his work on cobordism theory. A few of the results contained in that paper are as follows.
1) Every mod $2$ homology class can be so represented.
2) Integrally, it is true for every class in $H_k$ for $k \leq 6$.
3) For every $k \geq 7$, there exist polyhedra $X$ and classes in $H_k(X)$ that cannot be so represented.
EDIT : One should also remark that the above is germane to the original question too in many cases. Namely, if $X$ is a smooth $n$-manifold and $M$ is a compact smooth $k$-manifold and $f:M \rightarrow X$ is arbitrary, then $f$ is homotopic to an embedding as long as $k < n/2$.
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If you really want a submanifold then I guess you can't always do it. For a closed manifold $M$ consider two times the fundamental class $2[M]$. It's easy to see you can't represent this class as a submanifold when $M=S^1$. Perhaps if you take any class in $a\in H_*(M)$ with nonzero self intersection, then $2a$ can't be represented as a submanifold?
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About your last sentence: as Paul notes, classes of codim 1 or 2 are always representable. In the codim one case, to double the homology class, compose a map to $S^1$ with the double covering of $S^1$ by itself. – Tim Perutz Apr 13 '10 at 13:46
_USER_: It depends on what you mean by "self-intersection" and whether you allow disconnected submanifolds. eg if you take twice the first generator of H1(T), then 2x\cdot 2x=0 but the curve t\mapsto (e^{4\pi i t},1) has self-intersection 1. But 2 parallel copies of x is an embedded, disconnected manifold that represents 2x – Paul Apr 13 '10 at 14:17
Thanks Paul and Tim for letting me know. – Don Stanley Apr 14 '10 at 12:31


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Learning more about Australia's children
- Minister for School Education
- Minister for Early Childhood and Youth
This week more than 7500 government and non-government schools across Australia will start taking part in the world's most comprehensive collection of information about the development of Australia's children.
Minister for Early Childhood and School Education Peter Garrett today visited the Mount Rogers Early Links to Learning Playgroup in Canberra to launch the second data collection for the Australian Early Development Index (AEDI).
"Australia is the first country in the world to have collected comprehensive and population based data on young children across the entire nation," Mr Garrett said.
"The second national AEDI data collection is ground breaking because, for the first time, governments and communities will be able to track progress in their work to improve the health, education, social competence and emotional development of children across Australia.
"It's a vital tool for educators, Governments and the community, as it helps us understand the importance of early intervention and provides information about the support children and families need.
"It's time to get the basics of early learning right, because we know that by supporting children in the years before school we greatly increase their chance of a successful transition to school as well as being happy and productive in their later years," Mr Garrett said.
The AEDI measures five key areas of young children's development: physical health and wellbeing, social competence, emotional maturity, language and cognitive skills, and communication skills and general knowledge.
Mr Garrett said the Gillard Government made an important investment with the first national implementation of the AEDI in 2009 and has committed to collecting this data every three years with an investment of $28 million for each cycle.
"We're already seeing some incredible programs being delivered across Australia as a direct response to the 2009 results, including the Early Links to Learning playgroup in Canberra, which offers literacy and numeracy support to children before primary school at no cost to parents," Mr Garrett said.
"The AEDI is just one part of the Gillard Government's national reforms to early childhood; from our commitment to giving all children access to 15 hours of early childhood education and care for 40 weeks a year by a university-trained teacher by 2013, to improving staff to child ratios in child care and the qualifications of those staff."
The 2012 AEDI data collection will occur from May to 31 July 2012, during which time teachers in schools across Australia will complete the AEDI Checklist for all children in their first year of full-time school. Results of the data collection are expected in 2013.
For more information on the AEDI go to _URL_.


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I've been working on trying to solve the problem of calculating the average of a row of numbers in which some of the cells have a null value. I'm convinced there's no easy way to do this. I found an example on the net that I have been working from but I can't seem to get that to work either. The example is:
$sql = mysql_query("SELECT *, (COALESCE(example, 0) + COALESCE(example2, 0) + COALESCE(example3, 0)) / (3 - (COALESCE(example - example, 1) + COALESCE(example2 - example2, 1) + COALESCE(example3 - example3, 1)) ) AS row_avg FROM attrib1 WHERE recid=".$recordid) or die(mysql_error());
I'm not sure what exactly this query is doing, and thus equally unsure of how to use it do my advantage. Any input would greatly appreciated.


text: Families provide foundational contexts in which most children develop and grow. For families of children with special health care needs (CSHCN), interdisciplinary supports can build family participation capacities, beyond individualistic child supports. This single-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study sought to determine the preliminary effects of the Healthy Families Flourish Program (HFFP), a telehealth occupation-based parent coaching intervention to promote participation, cohesion, adaptability, and communication for families of CSHCN. Eleven families, including 17 parents and 27 children, completed the 10-session intervention consisting of parent education and individualized coaching. Participants completed the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Goal Attainment Scaling, and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales pre-/post-intervention. Within-group comparisons showed improvements in family participation, cohesion, adaptability, and communication with Cohen's d effect sizes ranging from 0.55-3.32. Researchers found positive relationships between family participation and cohesion as well as participation and adaptability. Findings provide considerations for supporting families within socioecological contexts.


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|Look up a priori in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.|
A priori may refer to:
- A priori knowledge, a type of deduction justified by arguments of a certain kind
- A priori (languages), a type of constructed language
- A priori estimate, a type of estimate for the size of a solution of a differential equation
- A priori probability, a type of probability derived by deductive reasoning, with application in statistical mechanics
- Apriori algorithm, an algorithm used with databases
- A priori and a posteriori
- Priory, a monastery headed by a prior or prioress
- A posteriori (disambiguation)
disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title A priori.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


Monday, November 21, 2011
Flux Linkages in Parallel Current Carrying Conductors
 Consider a group of parallel conductors A, B, C etc as shown in the Fig. 1. Each of these conductors carry current IA, IB, IC etc.
 Consider the flux linkages with any one conductor say A. There will be flux linkages with conductor A due to its own current. Also there will be flux linkages with this conductor due to mutual inductance effects.
 Flux linkage with conductor A due to its own current,
Fig. 1
 Flux linkages with conductor A due to the current IB,
 Flux linkages with conductor A due to the current ,
 By adding all the above expression we will get total flux linkages with conductor A.
 In the similar way flux linkages with other conductors can be determined. This will form basis for finding inductance of any circuit.
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Emergency Tourniquet Trainers
TraumaSim Group were the first inventors and manufacturer of the Emergency Tourniquet Trainer and was developed in conjunction with both the Australian and Israel Defence forces with 1,000 now around the world, allowing students to train repeatedly in a safe environment.
These units are silicone with realistic wounds connected to a pump. Simulated blood flowing from the wound is stopped when the tourniquet is correctly applied. The fleshy wound end can also be used to demonstrate and practice stump dressing technique.


Encyclopedia > Call-second
 Article Content
Call-second
In telecommunication, a call-second is a unit used to measure communications traffic.
Note 1: A call-second is equivalent to 1 call 1 second long.
Note 2: One user making two 75-second calls is equivalent to two users each making one 75-second call. Each case produces 150 call-seconds of traffic.
Note 3: The CCS, equivalent to 100 call-seconds, is often used.
Note 4: 3600 call-seconds = 36 CCS = 1 call-hour.
Note 5: 3600 call-seconds per hour = 36 CCS per hour = 1 call-hour per hour = 1 erlang = 1 traffic unit.
Source: from Federal Standard 1037C and from MIL-STD-188
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Depicting snow in woodcuts
White inks were not usually employed in printing Japanese woodcuts, so snow was commonly depicted by leaving areas of the paper blank. Snowflakes were usually created by carving nicks out of the surface of the colour blocks, so that flecks of paper appear like flakes of snow.
Here nicks have been carved out of the blocks used to print the man's hair so that it appears as though snowflakes are falling in front of him.
Exceptionally, in special luxury editions or private commissions, white pigment was flicked onto the surface of the paper to create extra snowflakes after the colours had been printed.
The white pigment is whiter than the colour of the paper, so the snowflakes stand out against the snow. This pigment was traditionally made from seashells and known as gofun (calcium carbonate), but lead based whites were also used, as in this example.
The flicked pigment cannot be precisely controlled, so the effect is random in each impression, but in this example the pigment was brushed through holes in a stencil, rather than being flicked, so the snowflakes appear in exactly the same place in each example of the print (some of the snowflakes have darkened over time).
Another way of depicting snow was to emboss the surface of the thick paper using a carved block without any ink. Here this technique has been used to create ridges in the snow behind the women. The ridges are modelled purely by the light falling on the surface of the print.


text:
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Hybrid nanoelectronics are emerging as one viable option to sustain the Moorepsilas Law after the CMOS scaling limit is reached. One main design challenge in hybrid nanoelectronics is the interface (named as demux) between the highly dense nanowires in nanodevice crossbars and relatively coarse microwires in CMOS domain. The prior work on demux design use a single type of devices to realize the demultiplexing function, but hardly provides a satisfactory solution. This work proposes to combine resistor with FET to implement the demux, leading to the so-called hybrid resistor/FET-logic demux. Such hybrid demux architecture can make these two types of devices well complement each other to improve the overall demux design effectiveness. Furthermore, the effects of resistor conductance variability are analyzed and evaluated based on computer simulations.
Date of Conference: 7-10 Oct. 2007


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A "printing plate," sometimes referred to as a "production plate," is the practice of organizing the pieces of a multi-part print so that several parts will fit onto a build area. They help streamline printing and production by reducing the number of separate printing tasks. Organizing your multi-part print onto plates is a relatively easy design trick for improving your speed of production. Here are a few tips in case you're doing this:
- Draw a square or rectangle the shape of your build platform into the design. Try to organize your parts onto that square1 and delete the square when done. 2
- Start by placing the largest piece onto a square, then adding the largest piece you can manage to the plate. Add as many little pieces as you can around the larger parts.
- If you are printing slot-together parts, you can safely mirror or flip the pieces. Once printed, they'll be functionally identical whether they were printed face-up or face-down.
- Packing parts together can actually reduce warping and curling. You may find that the extra parts will either provide apron-like mechanical advantages by holding down corners or thermal walls.
- If certain parts need to be printed multiple times, put them with other parts that need to be printed multiple times. In the case of Dino-Girl's spidersaur, it has two different kinds of legs – four identical long legs and four identical shorter legs. It also had a body panel and a fang part that needed to be printed twice each. I created one plate with a long leg, a short leg, and the body panel and another plate with a long leg, short leg, and the fang part. If you print each of those plates twice, you end up with four long legs, four short legs, two body panels, and two fang parts.
- Ask for help! I had a lot of trouble organizing the last five parts onto the fifth printing plate. I enlisted the help of two other Thingiverse citizens, Syvwlch and Renosis, in organizing this plate. They each solved it in a nearly identical fashion in far less time than I had spent trying to figure it out.
- Use a stepper extruder. If you're packing parts in closely together, you're going to want the kind of fine-grain control a MK6 stepper extruder can provide.
What other tips do you have for creating printing plates?
|Tagged with||cupcake, kliment, mendel, plate, plates, printing plate, printing plates, production files, production plates, prusa, prusa mendel||4 comments|


lp0 on fire
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lp0 on fire (also known as Printer on Fire) is an outdated error message generated on some Unix and Unix-like computer operating systems in response to certain types of printer errors. lp0 is the Unix device handle for the first line printer, but the error can be displayed for any printer attached to a Unix or Linux system. It indicates a printer error that requires further investigation to diagnose, but not necessarily that it is on fire.
Printer flammability[edit]
In the late 1950s, high speed computerized printing was still a somewhat experimental field. The first documented fire-starting printer was a Stromberg-Carlson 5000 xerographic printer (similar to a modern laser printer, but with a CRT as the light source instead of a laser), installed around 1959 at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and modified with an extended fusing oven to achieve a print speed of one page per second. In the event of a printing stall, and occasionally during normal operation, the fusing oven would heat paper to combustion. This fire risk was aggravated by the fact that if the printer continued to operate, it would essentially stoke the fire with fresh paper at high speed. However there is no evidence of the "lp0 on fire" message appearing in any software of the time.[1]
As the technology matured, most large printer installations were drum printers, a type of impact printer which could print an entire line of text at once through the use of a high speed rotary printing drum. It was thought[by whom?] that in the event of a severe jam, the friction of paper against the drum could ignite either the paper itself, or, in a dirty machine, the accumulated paper and ink dust in the mechanism. Whether this ever happened is not known; there are no reports of friction-related printer fires.
The line printer employed a series of status codes, specifically ready, online, and check. If the online status was set to "off" and the check status was set to "on," the operating system would interpret this as the printer running out of paper. However, if the online code was set to "on" and the check code was also set to "on", it meant that the printer still had paper, but was suffering an error (and may still be attempting to run). Due to the potentially hazardous conditions which could arise in early line printers, Unix displayed the message "on fire" to motivate any system operator viewing the message to go and check on the line printer immediately.[2]
In the early 1980s, Xerox created a prototype laser printer engine and provided units to various computer companies. To fuse the toner, the paper path passed a glowing wire. If paper jammed anywhere in the path, the sheet in the fuser caught fire. The prototype UNIX driver reported paper jams as "on fire." Later print engine models used a hot drum in place of the wire.
Phrase origins[edit]
Michael K. Johnson ("mkj" of Red Hat and Fedora fame) wrote the first Linux version of this error message in 1992,[3][4] however he as well as Herbert Rosmanith and Alan Cox (all Linux developers) have acknowledged that the phrase existed in Unix in different forms prior to his Linux printer implementation.[5][6]
Since then, the lp printer code has spread across all sorts of POSIX-compliant operating systems, which often still retain this legacy message.
Modern printer drivers and support have improved and hidden low-level error messages from users, so most Unix/Linux users today have never seen the "on fire" message. However, a few people still run into it today with varying levels of amusement or confusion.[7][8] The "on fire" message remains in the Linux source code as of version 6.0-rc3.[9]
The message is also present in other software modules, often to humorous effect. For example, in some kernels' CPU code, a CPU thermal failure could result in the message "CPU#0: Possible thermal failure (CPU on fire ?)"[10] and similar humor can be found in the phrase halt and catch fire.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
 1. ^ "LLNL war story concerning the SC5000 and the Radiation Printer". Retrieved November 14, 2011.
 2. ^ "Mailing list post relating the history of the lp0 on fire error". Retrieved September 11, 2007.
 3. ^ "[PATCH] Linux-0.98.3 (October 27, 1992)". GitHub. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
 4. ^ "Incomplete information - mjk's musings". May 15, 2019. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
 5. ^ "Linux Kernel Mailing List archive: Michael K. Johnson Re: GLOAT BLOAT (Was: Boot messages, Ideas for v2.1)". June 24, 1996. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
 6. ^ "Reddit comment from user mcdanlj". May 15, 2019. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
 7. ^ "Help, my printer port is on fire!!!". Archived from the original on November 3, 2006. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
 8. ^ "Linux kernel source code for USB printers".
 9. ^ "lp.c « char « drivers - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree". git.kernel.org. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
 10. ^ "CPU#0: Possible thermal failure (CPU on fire ?)". Retrieved December 21, 2014.


Static Field Modeling of a Halbach Rotor
Model ID: 14369
This model presents the static field modeling of an outward flux focusing magnetic rotor using permanent magnets. This magnetic rotor is also often called a Halbach rotor. The use of permanent magnets in rotatory devices such as motors, generators and magnetic gears is increasing. The accurate modeling of a permanent magnets fields is important. This model illustrates how to calculate the magnetic field of a 3D rotor by modeling only a single pole of the rotor using the symmetry feature.
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AU Biomaterials Design Lab:Protocols/ADA Activity Assay
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Adenoise Deaminase Kinetic Assay
 - 1) Use 5 ml of 0.1 mM adenosine in phosphate buffer, & 5 ml of 0.1 mM inosine in phosphate buffer (0.05 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4)
Collect a spectrum of the adenosine, the inosine and the ADA solutions. Find the extinction coefficient of adenonise and inosine at 235 nm and 265 nm.
Which wavelength should you use for this assay?
Determination of Kinetic Parameters
Reagents and Supplies
 - 0.05 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4
 - adenosine deaminase (your most pure sample)
 - 3 mM adenosine (in KH2PO4 buffer)
2) Level of Adenosine Deaminase to Use in the Kinetic Assays Find the amount of enzyme to use in the kinetic assays by completing the following assays. Prepare 3 ml of assay solutions according to the following table and record the absorbance changes at 235nm. (The volumes of ADA given are typical but you may need to expand the range if your activity is dilute OR dilute your sample in ADA assay buffer if it's highly active.)
Assay Phosphate buffer [mL] Adenosine [mL] ADA solution [µL]
 - It will be necessary to find a suitable volume of your stock enzyme solution that produces a ΔA235/min of 0.02-0.03 under conditions of saturating levels of substrate as found in the above solutions. Construct a graph in your notebook of ΔA/min versus amount of enzyme (µl) used and determine the volume of enzyme to use for the remaining kinetic measurements. You may round the calculated volumes to a convenient volume (e.g., 10, 15, 20, etc. µl).
This graph should demonstrate that the reaction rate is linearly dependent on the level of enzyme at saturating levels of substrate.
3) Km's of Adenosine and 2'-Deoxyadenosine
 - To determine Km and Vm for a particular substrate, the rate (or velocity) of the reaction is measured at various concentrations of the substrate.
(The amount of enzyme and the total volume of the assay solution must be held constant ±2% of the total volume. Note that in part 2 the total volume of the assay solution varied by 35 µl. This change represents less than 2% of the total solution and normal pipetting errors are expected to be about 3% due to multiple additions. Therefore, these small volume changes are within the experimental error and will not make a significant contribution to the total error.)
 - Construct a chart in your notebook of the volumes of each component added to the reaction mixture so that the total volume is 3 ml. Measure the reaction rate with 0.005, 0.010, 0.020, 0.040, 0.080, 0.10, 0.30 ml of adenosine solution. Compare the reaction rates of the 0.1 ml and the 0.3 ml adenosine assays. If these rates are not within 10% of each other, try 0.35 ml of adenosine. A graph of rate (nmol/min) versus [adenosine] (µM) should show that an asymptote is being approached.
 - From the plot of reaction rate versus substrate concentration (µM) estimate the Km for adenosine.
 - With the data from Part 2, construct a graph of velocity (nmol/min) versus [substrate] (in µM) to demonstrate that a saturating level of substrate has been reached. Draw a smooth curve described by the data points. Estimate Vm and Km from this plot. The Vm is the asymptote that is being approached and is read from the y-axis. Extend a horizontal line at the half maximal velocity (Vm/2) and determine the concentration of substrate where the horizontal line intersects your plot.
 - Prepare a graph of 1/velocity versus 1/[adenosine]. This graph can eventually be used to compare to the Vm and Km for ADA /AuNPs kinetics.
For comparison. Suggested table for your notebook: Assay [adenosine] in assay (µM) 1/[adenosine] (1/µM) deltaA/min rate (nmol/min) 1/rate (min/nmol)
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text: The new bonsai like PhotonSynthesis designed by designer Vivien Muller is a device which seems straight out of designer text books. The device consists of 54 mini photovoltaic leaf panels which are needed for charging various gadgets. The connecting power cords are hidden beneath the tray that holds the overall plant. The so called branches of this tree consist of solar panels which store the electric energy from the sun in the battery which can be produced at the time of recharging the electric device. Thus it's a nice utilization of natural resources to take care of our daily needs though it's tempting enough to say that power does grow on trees.


text:
What does AIB mean in ASX Symbols?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand AIB in the Business field in general and in the ASX Symbols terminology in particular.
Find a translation for AIB in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this AIB abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
AIB also stands for:
- Aberdeen IronBirds
- Academy of International
- Academy of International Business
- Accountant in Bankruptcy
- Aeronautical Institute of Bangladesh
... and 20 more »


Function Call Color (typescript / javascript)
#1
Hi There:
New to Atom. It seems great. Right now, however, my function calls (in Typescript, also seems to be the case in Javascript) do not have any coloring effect. They are plain black, as opposed to, say, in Sublime Text, where they are green. Seems to be the case in any theme I use–atom-default or separately installed.
For example, in the following code (in a typescript file):
ngOnInit(){
 function greatFunction(){
 }
}
the words "ngOnInit" and "greatFunction" are plain black, instead of some other distinguishing color. How can I change the color of the function calls?
By the way, I have downloaded atom-typescript, and it seems to otherwise be working fine.
Thanks!
#2
Hi there, welcome to Atom!
In Atom (and Sublime Text I believe) syntax highlighting is a two part process. For effective syntax colours, you need:
 - A grammar package (ones with the name language-something; a JavaScript one is built in)
 - A theme
The grammar package is responsible for giving each character a set of scopes. These scopes represent information about the character. For example, characters in a JS comment might have the scope comment.line.js. You can check the scope of a character by running Editor: Log Cursor Scope in the command palette.
By themselves, scopes don't do anything. However, your theme will have a bunch of rules that link colours to specific sets of scopes. For example, there may be a rule that says comments (scopes that start with comment) should be italicised grey. Likewise, there could be a rule that colours the entity.name.function scope a certain way.
In fact, the built in one-dark-syntax theme has a rule for this.
.syntax--entity {
 &.syntax--name.syntax--function {
 color: @hue-2;
 }
It's a little hard to read, but basically just ignore the syntax-- parts and see that it's giving the @hue-2 colour (defined elsewhere) to entity.name.function.
With your code, this theme makes it look like the following (regular text colour is white):
49%20am
In your case, (assuming you are using language-js) it seems the theme you are using does not have support for this scope. As I've shown, one-dark-syntax supports it quite well. If you prefer light themes, there is one-light-syntax (also a builtin). I have not tested with language-typescript, but I believe it also has scopes for the function names.
Check your current theme to see if the author intentionally limited the variety of colours (so-called 'minimalistic' themes). If not, you might want to raise an issue on their GitHub repo, and let them respond.
#3
Thank you for this excellent explanation. That clarifies a bunch for me. Unfortunately, the function calls continue to not be highlighted. I have reviewed my packages, and I have a variety of language packages, like "language-javascript" and "language-typescript". I have also switched to the "one-dark-syntax" theme.
Still, the code does not show up for me like it does in your screen shot. For me, the words "ngOnInit" and "greatFunction" continue to be in plain text color (gray in the one-dark-syntax theme). The word "function" is purple, but no action on the others.
#4
Can you post a screenshot of what you see? I think you can just drag the image into the comment box, and it will automatically upload it.
#5
Sure. Here is a snippet of the typescript file:
#6
OK, it seems TypeScript scoping is a little strange. I don't use it, so I can't really tell / explain what's happening, but you can try adding the following to your styles.less file:
atom-text-editor .syntax--meta.syntax--definition.syntax--function {
 color: /* the colour */
}
It's a little buggy for me (e.g. let x = function() {}), but work reasonably well. Change the colour to anything you like, and I believe there are some named variables that match colours in your current theme.
#7
Thanks! That worked for most of the themes I have, so definitely a step up. That has helped me a long way. Would you happen to know what the css reference is for function arguments?
(and I think I will leave it there for questions for today.)
#8
such as the word "input" in
function greatFunction(input){
}
#9
Put your cursor somewhere on input and then run the Editor: Log Cursor Scope command from the Command Palette. The last one in the list is the most specific one.
#10
Thanks. Result:
Scopes at Cursor
source.ts
variable.other.readwrite.ts
#11
With the scope reference in hand, what is the css reference I use to adjust that attribute?
#12
.variable.other.readwrite.ts {
 color: #FFFFFF;
}
#13
Thanks for all the help. At this stage, that is not working. I wonder if there is a deeper setting issue with my typescript. Several of the elements of the page (the functions, parameters, variable declarations) seem to be acting strangely in terms of theme colors. I'll probably look around a bit further. If anyone has seen things that cause typescript files to be read strangely in atom, I would appreciate if you would let me know. This is a brand new build of atom (yesterday), with updated package versions.
I have downloaded just two packages: atom-typescript and platform-ide-terminal. Downloaded a lot of themes. And otherwise have the default Core Packages, like the "languages" packages.
#14
My bad, I got distracted and completely forgot about a quirk of how Atom's stylesheets are namespaced. For all the classes inside a TextEditor, they're prefixed with syntax--. So try this:
.syntax--variable.syntax--ts {
 color: #FFFFFF;
}
#15
Thanks. That did it.
#16
How did you figure out how to put the scope definition into css (ie less)?
For example, I am looking to change the css of an item scoped as:
meta.class.ts
keyword.control.export.ts
I have tried taking that and putting it into the .syntax–meta.syntax-- … format with various combos in css but no luck so far.
Is there somewhere I can look that up?
#17
You can take a look at the exact DOM structure by opening the developer tools (View -> Developer -> Toggle Developer Tools) and searching for the text in question. I think I can guess at what you'll find, though. .syntax--meta.syntax--class has two class names and isn't very specific. Lots of things are going to be under meta.class.ts, and many of those things will have colors applied. Since keyword.control.export.ts is inside meta.class.ts, anything that applies color to .syntax--keyword will override the parent .syntax--meta.syntax--class styling.
#18
That got me just what I wanted here. Thanks. I wanted to italicize different properties that, it turns, out, are "keywords".
So this is working:
 .syntax--keyword {
 font-style: italic;
 }


US Knife Laws
KnifeUp provides, for free, knife law guides for all 50 states. Below is a map of the US, click on the state you are interested in to read about it's knife laws. I try to keep these guides as up-to-date and accurate as possible but, for the law changes a lot, please leave a comment if you see something wrong.
Choose Your State
How the US Justice System Works
The United States was founded under the principals of federalism. Under federalism, governing powers are divided between the federal government as well as the state governments. For states existed before the founding of the US, the writers of the Constitution respected the state's authority by limiting federal powers to only those expressly stated within the Constitution. All other governing powers are, therefore, state powers.
For knife law, the only federal law is the Switchblade Knife Act of 1958 as well as the 2009 amendment to the act (see 15 U.S.C. §1244). The federal knife law only applies to individuals who are traveling internationally as well as between states. If you reside in a federal district (see Washington D.C. knife laws), the federal law is the only law that governs knives for you. If you live in one of the 50 states, the federal law would only apply to you if you are traveling from one state to another or if you are entering federal property, such as a military base.
All states have knife laws (click on the map above to find the knife law for a particular state) but some state's knife laws are more up-to-date than others and local municipals often pass their own knife laws as well. For example, if you live in Denver, Colorado, you must abide under the knife laws of Colorado as well as the knife laws of Denver. However, if you travel to Boulder, Colorado (30 minutes away) you must conform to Boulder's knife laws as well. And, during your journey, you must conform to the knife laws of all the municipals in between Boulder and Denver.
This makes knife laws a tricky subject unless your state has a preemption clause. Preemption means that the state government nullifies all knife laws made by municipals. Therefore, when you travel from town to town, you would not have to worry about municipal knife laws.
General Guide to Knife Laws
Knife laws can be divided into these two categories: ownership laws and carry laws.
Ownership Laws
Ownership laws forbid individuals from owning certain types of knives that society has deemed "deadly weapons" or "dangerous." Most of the time, these knives were once associated with unlawful people such as gangs, the mob, and outlaws. It is for this reason that the Bowie knife has been outlawed in so many states.
Carry Laws
Carry laws forbid an individual from carrying, concealed or open, certain knives. For example, some states forbid an individual from conceal carry of knives over a certain length but open carry of that same knife is legal. Other states forbid the carry, concealed and open, of certain knives. Most knives that are barred from carry are ones deemed by society to have no utility uses and, therefore, their only use is as weapons.
Other Laws
Some states have laws that forbid one from aggravated display of a knife as well as committing a crime with a knife. These laws are usually only enforceable after the fact and, for that reason, allows the state to increase the penalty of a crime. For example, robber is a bad crime but robbery with a knife is viewed as an even worse crime and should be punished more than simple robbery.
What is Generally Allowed
If you want to carry a knife that is usually legal everywhere, I highly recommend you buy a knife that is clearly intended for utility use. For example, most pocket knives and all leathermans as well as multi-tools fit this description. As long as the blade is less than 3 or 2.5 inches, you should be fine. Times where this advice might not be true is at: courts, planes, schools, and special buildings that forbid the carry of blades.
17 comments on "US Knife Laws
 1. chad says:
 Map not working on my android phone. Android 2.35 HTC inspire.
 2. Rich S says:
 Even with graphics and javascript on, I can't get the map to load. Can you perhaps but a postal abbrev for the states with a hot link to the laws of that state. Thanks Rich
 3. Nellie Hall says:
 The map was not available. What are the laws for MO and KS? Thanks
 4. david says:
 your US map didn't come up when I clicked to this site
 5. Owen says:
 Are not knives covered under the 2nd amendment also?
 Fewer politicians, more statesmen.
 6. Jay Sheldon says:
 As of July 15, 2013 the ownership and carrying of switchblades in Kansas is now legal. You may want to research this and other states for new laws just put in.
 7. Ken Herman says:
 Map does not work in safari, could you add a list of states or a drop down menu, Thanks
 8. Dan says:
 This is a great resource. I found one area where I was potentially illegal and didn't even know it. Thank you very much!
 9. Brent Pendleton says:
 so are you saying that it is legal to own and carry a switch blade in Utah?
 10. Bret Wolfe says:
 I recently came across your site and noticed that the state of Kansas' section has not been updated to reflect the new laws that took effect in summer of 2013.
 "HB2033 repeals all existing local knife laws in Kansas and enacts statewide preemption of any attempt to pass new local knife laws more restrictive than state law. HB2033 also repeals the ban on the possession of switchblades, dirks, daggers and stilettos."
 11. Jonathan says:
 YES! I've been struggling to get clarity on knife laws for a while. This is a very useful resource!
 12. Paul says:
 13. Dennis Bukovcan says:
 Wisconsin now has Concealed Carry weapons permits. This alows you to carry a knife concealed. Still illegal to carry a switch blade though.
 14. Lee Bell says:
 Information on the types of knives that can be owned and how they may be carried is quite useful, thanks.
 What I came here to find out, however, does not seem to be covered. My question is not whether, or what I can carrry, but where I can carry it. Specifically, I live in Florida and will be traveling in Wyoming and South Dakota in the near future. I need to know what the restrrictions are for carry in various places including bars, government buildings, police departments, etc.
 15. David says:
 I share Lee Bell's difficulties. All of my questions about knife laws begin with 'where' and what I really want to know is which states are off limits with particular blades.
 Please consider adding a way for visitors to select the characteristics of a knife and how they intend to carry it. Then, depending on that input, provide an overview of which states allow such a blade. Ideally, I would suggest color-coding the map.
 For example, someone might select fixed, 4″ blade, open carry. Then he or she would see in which states a knife like that would be perfectly legal, in which states it is completely and utterly illegal, in which states it varies by municipality, and in which states a permit is required.
 This is the most accessible resource for knife law I've found, so I hope this feature request doesn't come across as unappreciative or lazy. I just think that indexing basic knife criteria would be useful to a lot of people.
 16. Bryan says:
 If you could add information about federal motor carrier restrictions, I would be very grateful. I can not find any information about it anywhere. Being an interstate tractor trailer driver, I would really like to know these legalities.
Leave a Reply


text:
About this book
"Data-Driven 3D Facial Animation" systematically describes the emerging data-driven techniques developed over the last ten years or so. Although data-driven 3D facial animation is used more and more in animation practice, to date there have been very few books that specifically address the techniques involved.
Comprehensive in scope, the book covers not only traditional lip-sync (speech animation), but also expressive facial motion, facial gestures, facial modeling, editing and sketching, and facial animation transferring. It provides an up-to-date reference source for academic research and for professionals working in the facial animation field. An edited volume, the book brings together contributions from leading researchers and practitioners working in both academia and in the leading animation studios.


condition in a finite dimensional normed space. Actually, the finite dimension requirement is due to some technical difficulties in order to prove some compactness properties. The problem is as follows:
We assume that the mapping is continuous and we put We need the following hypothesis:(H5) there exists a constant such that the mapping satisfies Now, we are ready to state and prove the following result.
Theorem 9. If the assumptions (H1)–(H3) and (H5) are satisfied, then problem (51) has at least one solution.
Proof. Let us define the operator by First, we notice that by using the same technique as that in the proof of the Theorem 8 we can establish that if, then ; that is, the operator maps the space into itself.
To prove that has a fixed point we use Schaefer's fixed point theorem. We proceed in four steps.
Step 1 ( is continuous). Let such that in ; then
Taking into account the assumptions (H2)-(H3) and (H5) and using Lemma 7 we get Calculating the integrals in the right-hand side we obtain So and accordingly, is continuous.
Step 2. Let and. Define ; then for any we have
Estimating the right-hand side we obtain implying that Hence is uniformly bounded.
Step 3 (we prove that is equicontinuous). Let ; then, for any, we have So As, the right-hand side of the previous inequality tends to zero, which means that is equicontinuous.
We point out that the closures of the subsets,, and,, are bounded in (); hence they are compact.
As a consequence of the previous steps and the -type Arzela-Ascoli theorem we conclude that is completely continuous.
Step 4. Now, we show that the set is bounded.
Let ; then, for some. Thus, for each, This shows that the set is bounded.
We conclude by Schaefer's fixed point theorem that the operator has a fixed point such that, which means that is a solution to problem (51).
Next, we establish the continuous dependence of the solution upon the initial value. We have the following.
Proposition 10. Under the hypotheses (H1)–(H3) and (H5) the solution of problem (51) depends continuously upon its initial value if
Proof. Since is a solution to (51), then it satisfies the integral equation (19). Let be a solution to problem (51) with initial value. Then satisfies the integral equation Estimating the difference between solutions and to (19) and (67), respectively, we get Taking the supremum over the interval we find that where which proves that the mapping is continuous from.
5. Example
Consider the following impulsive fractional integrodifferential problem We set,, and. We take,,,,,, and. Define For any and, we have Hence. Likewise, one has, for, then.
By (H1), we have On the other hand, using (H2) we obtain


text: Extreme weather has recently caused many disasters worldwide. In August 8, 2009, Southern Taiwan suffered from serious floods during Typhoon Morakot. In this extreme rainfall event, the Chiuliao first levee in the Laonong River basin experienced catastrophic failure. Therefore, this study focuses on the levee failure mechanisms based on variations in levee water levels. Specifically, this study investigates four mechanisms based on limit state equilibrium. The first mechanism involves the slope stability under hydrostatic conditions at various water levels. The results of this analysis show that the levee cannot fail under this mechanism. The second mechanism involves the levee slope stability with steady-state seepage. Because the water levels are different on the protected and flood sides, the water recedes much faster on the flood side than the protected side. Based on this analysis, the levee slope might fail when the water level at the protected side is close to the top of levee and the water level at the flood side starts to recede. The third and fourth mechanisms involve the levee foundation failure in terms of sliding and overturning failure. The results of this study indicate that the levee foundation is more prone to sliding failure than overturning failure. Based on these results, this study shows that the levee failed when the water level at the protected side neared the top of levee while the water level at flood side started to recede. At this moment, the levee may fail because of both the slope failure with seepage and sliding failure of the levee foundation.