Date of Paper
Type of Paper
Clinical research paper
Degree Name
Master of Social Work (M.S.W.)
Social Work
First Advisor
Kendra Garrett, Ph.D., LICSW
Social Work
This study aimed to explore the question: do American, millennial men that try to achieve masculine ideals have less ability to express themselves emotionally and do they have less positive mental health and well-being? The population sample gathered consisted of 44 American, male participants between the ages of 35 and 21. The data was measured via a survey that consisted of two questionnaires, the Gender Role Conflict Scale and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale as well as several demographic questions consisting of a total of 55 questions for the survey. The survey was administered online via Qualtrics Survey Software. The design of the study was a quantitative, correlational design. The results did not find a significant, positive relationship between gender role conflict and mental health and well-being or between emotional expression and mental health and well-being. Participants in this study had an average of moderate levels of gender role conflict (not severe levels of gender role conflict) and average mental well-being scores suggesting that men may be experiencing less gender role conflict pressures than men from previous studies. Gaining understanding and perspective on how this could affect men may be beneficial towards understanding what new generations of men are struggling with and how they may differ from previous generations.
Included in
Social Work Commons


text:
The objective of this tutorial is to help you understand how to auto-fill shift randomly based on the skill(s).
Access from your: Computer
Applies to: Managers, Supervisors and Schedulers
Auto-fill Shift allows Humanity to assign employees to the desired shift(s) automatically and randomly based on skill(s).
Things to know before you begin:
- You must have a manager/admin, supervisor and scheduler access privileges to auto-fill shift(s) based on skills.
- You can auto-fill employees in the same position.
- You can auto-fill employees based on the skill(s).
Auto-fill Shift based on the Skill(s)
Step 1: Click 'Shiftplanning' tab from the top-panel as shown in Image 1.
Step 2: Select the filters from the left-hand side according to your need > Create an empty shift or click on desired existing shift to open shift edit window (SEW) as shown in Image 2.
Step 3: Click 'Required skill(s)' on the left-hand side of SEW > Choose the skill(s) required for the shift > Click 'Back to Shift' as shown in Image 3.
Step 4: Click the three dots at the top right of the shift edit window > Click 'Auto-Fill Shift' tab > Select the number of employees you wish to assign from the drop-down > Click 'Auto-Fill Shift' tab as shown in Image 4.
Step 5: Click 'Save & Close' tab to confirm all the modifications as shown in Image 5.
Note: You must publish or re-publish an existing shift once the changes are made to notify your staff.
- Settings to Enable 'Required Skill on Shift'
- Assign or Remove Skill(s) on Shift
- Trade and Release Shifts based on Skill(s)
If you have any further queries, please don't hesitate to reach us at _EMAIL_. Happy Scheduling!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


User Tools
Site Tools
composition:task:start
Task Composition
 - Below is an example of how tasks can be composed.
 - It shows how tasks and skills can be composed flexibly
 - Several tasks can be composed to be executed in sequence or in parallel (horizontal composition)
 - A task can be refined with other tasks (vertical composition): Abstract tasks are refined to more concrete tasks.
 - Refinement of tasks may be static or dynamic
 - Static: The tasks and eventually the order is known. E.g. making coffee always involves approaching the machine, putting a cup into the machine, pressing the button, etc.
 - Dynamic: The tasks and the order are not known in advance (i.e. to be solved by symbolic planning): E.g. it is not known what is the best way to clean up the table after customers left (what order, what to stack into each other, what to carry at once/first/next/last, etc.)
 - Skills will finally translate to configurations of one or more components (lower right). E.g. moving the manipulator requires to configure the component for collision-free manipulation-planning in a certain environment and the manipulator component to move along these collission-free trajectories.
 - Grasp cup relies on the existence of a task "recognize-object" which is later bound to "recognize-cup".
 - There are constraints that have to be maintained during the execution of a task, for example: the robot is not moving while manipulating.
 - There are results of a task that effect execution of other tasks, even after the current task was finished. For example, grasping a cup means that the cup still is in the gripper after the execution is done.
Acknowledgement
This document contains material from:
 - Lotz2017 Alex Lotz, "Managing Non-Functional Communication Aspects in the Entire Life-Cycle of a Component-Based Robotic Software System," 2017. (unpublished work)
 - Lutz2017 Matthias Lutz, "Model-Driven Behavior Development for Service Robotic Systems: Bridging the Gap between Software- and Behavior-Models," 2017. (unpublished work)
 - Stampfer2017 Dennis Stampfer, "Contributions to Composability using a System Design Process driven by Service Definitions for Service Robotics," 2017. (unpublished work)
composition:task:start · Last modified: 2017/08/01 13:56
_URL_


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KidzMondo Doha is an international edutainment concept designed to provide a complete solution for children in a unique indoor theme park. This kids' city is created to impart knowledge through playful learning. Children will experience age-appropriate activities in a dynamic and safe surroundings. It is an interactive and educational environment where kids simulate a profession, wear their respective uniforms and perform the role of a doctor, pilot and others.
Shop at KidzMondo using the Mall of Qatar Gift Card and enjoy the following discount:


text:
the contents of the page and could be decoded and exposed to an unwanted source. If you must store sensitive information in view state, you can request that the page encrypt view state data. To encrypt the data, set the page's ViewStateEncryptionMode property to true.
It is recommended that you avoid storing sensitive information in the Cache object when client impersonation is enabled and the results from the data source are retrieved based on the client identity. If caching is enabled, cached data for a single user can be viewed by all users and sensitive information could be exposed to an unwanted source. Client impersonation is enabled when the impersonate attribute of the identity configuration element is set to true and anonymous identification is disabled for the application at the Web server.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Vera Rubin Lives on in Lives of the Women She Helped in Astronomy
Johanna Teske: Ok, this is a spectrum.
Teske: Vera Rubin means a lot to a lot of astronomers. This was one of the instruments that she used to help discover the presence of dark matter, which we now know is the dominant form of matter in our universe.
Teske: She really was part of trying to push astronomy to be more inclusive, and make more opportunities for women in science and astronomy.
In 1942, a fourteen-year old teenager named Vera Rubin built a telescope with her father out of cardboard.
She would go on to change our understanding of galaxies — and open doors for female astronomers.
Alycia Weinberger: She is often credited as the mother of dark matter, because the science that she is most well known for is discovering that galaxies seem to have a lot more mass in their outskirts than can be accounted for by the amount of visible light coming from their stars.
in 1948 she received a bachelor's from Vassar in astronomy — the only astronomy graduate.
After being rejected from Princeton for being female— Vera enrolled in Cornell…

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Chevy Tahoe P1153: Causes, Meaning, and Diagnosis
P1153 Chevy Tahoe
P1153 is not a very common diagnostic trouble code. It can have different meanings depending on the manufacturer in question. For the Chevy Tahoe, it means:
P1153:HO2S Insufficient Switching (Bank 2, Sensor 1)
As long as your scanner confirms that the code is for insufficient switching of the heated oxygen sensor, you're good to go.
P1153 Meaning
P1153 Code Definition: Chevy Tahoe
In the standard definition of P1153, there are three separate sections. HO2S, Insufficient Switching, and Bank 2 Sensor 1.
While your Tahoe's exhaust system can have many oxygen sensors, the first in line is the most important for metering the air/fuel ratio and keeping the engine running efficiently.
Insufficient Switching
As stated above, your engine's computer (known as the ECM, or PCM) monitors the air-fuel ratio using the heated oxygen sensor.
It'll monitor the oxygen sensors in closed-loop operation for 90 seconds to determine if there is anything wrong with them. It does this by counting the number of times the oxygen sensors switch back and forth between rich and lean cycles.
When there is an insufficient number of switches between rich/lean and lean/rich, the Chevy Tahoe will throw P1153.
Bank 2 Sensor 1
The term "bank" refers to a row of cylinders. So, the amount of cylinder heads a vehicle has determines the number of banks (it can only be one or two).
P1153 can ONLY appear on engines with two banks. So, you're going to need to determine which side of the engine is bank 2 in your Tahoe.
While it is annoying to have to find bank 2, having two banks is nice since we can use the "swap test" to diagnose P1153 later. The swap test will allow you to eliminate the heated oxygen sensor as a possible cause of P1153.
Now that we know what P1153 means and how to find the oxygen sensor, we can begin to diagnose it in earnest.
Chevy Tahoe P1153: Symptoms
More often than not, the check engine light is the only symptom that you will experience with P1153. Although it's not unheard of for a vehicle to experience:
 - Rough Idle
 - Loss of Power
 - Black Exhaust
Chevy Tahoe P1153: Causes + Diagnosis
Tahoe P1153 Diagnosis
Here's a pretty solid procedure for diagnosing a bad oxygen sensor. If you aren't good with a code scanner, start with section 3, swap test.
1. Capture the Short/Long Term Fuel Trim Values
If you happen to have access to a scan tool, you can use it to capture the short and long-term fuel trim values. You'll need to make sure that the engine is warmed up before you do this.
Doing this will help you determine if the O2 sensor operates within spec any looking under the hood. You'll need to compare the values that you capture with your tool with the values Chevy specifies.
2. Check the Wiring Harness at the O2 Sensor
DTC P1153 Fix
The bank two sensor one oxygen sensor has a tough life. It is right there on the hot exhaust; it also has to deal with a lot of engine vibration. The wiring harness to the sensor will fail more than almost any other wiring in your Tahoe.
Check to see if the wiring is burnt or frayed. Make sure that the pigtail that plugs into the sensor is snugged in tight and has no damage itself. You can do this pretty quickly with a flashlight. You can usually see this oxygen sensor without having to take anything apart.
You can use a multimeter to determine if there's a short or open circuit. This article can make you an expert on the subject in no time.
3. Swap Test (Optional V6, V8 Only)
Since your Tahoe has a V-8 or V6 engine, you can do something called the swap test. Basically, it involves removing the bank one sensor one oxygen(B1S1) sensor and replacing it with the bank two sensor one sensor(B2S1).
Here's how to do the swap test:
 - First, clear the DTC codes with your scanner.
 - Swap the Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2 sensor with the Bank 1 Sensor 1. They'll be on or right after the exhaust manifold on each side of the engine.
 - If the code changes to P1133 (which indicates the O2 sensor on Bank 1 is insufficiently switching), that is proof enough that your Tahoe needs a new O2 sensor.
 - If the code remains P1153, you'll need to continue pursuing your diagnosis, knowing that both O2 sensors are working fine.
4. Exhaust/Vacuum Leaks
Often a worn or brittle vacuum line will allow unmetered air into your Tahoe's engine. When this happens, it creates a lean condition.
You can test for a vacuum leak around the vacuum lines and the intake manifold. A common method is to spray carb cleaner around the intake/vacuum lines. When the spot is found, the engine will rev higher with no throttle input.
An exhaust leak can redirect the gasses that are supposed to be passing over the O2 sensor. This can leave it with a flat curve, which can throw P1153.
A bad oxygen sensor is the most common reason that your Chevy Tahoe will have P1153. However, there can be other issues that cause this code as well.
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text:
The Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources and the Greek Chandris (Hellas) Inc., which specializes in maritime shipping activities, met with Egyptian officials to discuss investment opportunities available in the petroleum sector – especially in maritime transport and vessel bunkering.
The group expressed a strong desire to increase its activity and investments in Egypt and to expand the activity of transporting liquefied natural gas following the rise in global oil and gas prices, and increasing global demand especially for LNG.
Egyptian Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Tarek al-Mulla stressed, during his meeting with Group Chairman John Chandris, that Egypt's success in achieving self-sufficiency in natural gas and the surplus opened great prospects for expansion in value-added industries, in addition to the strong growth of liquefied gas trading activity.
Mulla noted the world's increasing demand for natural gas, which many countries now consider the most important fossil fuel and the best transitional fuel during their energy transition period.
An initiative launched by the Eastern Mediterranean Gas Forum for bunkering ships with LNG comes as part of the global trend to preserve the environment and reduce emissions, he added.
Chandris meanwhile confirmed that the group is willing to invest in projects to establish warehouses for bunkering ships with LNG under the forum's initiative.
He stressed the importance of the fruitful partnership with the Egyptian petroleum sector, and praised the level of cooperation with the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation in crude oil transportation.
Chandris said that his group has recently strengthened its fleet of ships with new and advanced tankers, with the aim of expanding in all areas and activities of liquefied natural gas.


text:
From the colors of the flag to the cultural symbols, these toys are a visual representation of national pride. What makes these soft toys truly special is their ability to transcend borders and language barriers. They serve as a universal language of friendship, allowing people from different countries to connect and bond over their shared love for these adorable creatures. Whether you are a child or an adult, the Countryball Soft Toy brings a smile to your face and a warm feeling in your heart. These plush toys have become more than just playthings; they have become ambassadors of peace and understanding. They remind us that despite our differences, we all share a common humanity. They encourage us to embrace diversity and celebrate the rich tapestry of cultures that make up our world.
The Countryball Soft Toy is not just a toy; it is a symbol of hope. It reminds us that no matter where we come from, we can find common ground and build bridges of friendship. It teaches us that love and acceptance are more powerful than hate and division. These soft toys have also become popular collectibles, with enthusiasts from around the world seeking to complete their collection. They are not just toys; they are cherished mementos that hold sentimental value. They serve as a reminder of the friendships formed and the memories created. In a world that often feels divided, the Countryball Soft Toy offers a glimmer of hope. It reminds us that despite our differences, we are all part of one global family.
So, let's embrace these adorable plush toys, hug a world of friendship, and spread love and acceptance wherever we go. In today's world, where divisions and conflicts seem to be ever-present, it is refreshing to find something that brings people together. The Countryball Plush Toy Collection is one such example, as it unites people from different backgrounds and cultures through the universal language of play. For those unfamiliar with Countryballs, they are anthropomorphic representations of countries, each with their own unique design and characteristics. These adorable plush toys have gained popularity in recent years, with Countryball plush toy fans all over the world embracing their charm and cuteness. What makes the Countryball Plush Toy Collection truly special is its ability to foster unity and understanding among people.


text:
Definitions of spectacular:
- noun: a lavishly produced performance
Example: "They put on a Christmas spectacular"
- adjective: of the nature of spectacle or drama
Example: "Spectacular dives from the cliff"
- adjective: sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect
Example: "A spectacular display of northern lights"
- adjective: having a quality that thrusts itself into attention
Example: "A spectacular rise in prices"
Search for spectacular at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
The title explains it all. Do objects suspended in ice sink over time? You may remember the story of World War 2 planes that were found 260 ft under the ice which would be anachronistic with seasonal ice layering alone. I'm trying to establish other possible mechanisms. I know that ice flows up and down in glaciers, but will an object actually sink in ice over time?
Also, in what way would they sink? Would heavier parts sink faster than the lighter. Does buoyancy play a role.
share|improve this question
Isn't the title misleading? Ice is a solid, how can something sink inside it? – jinawee Feb 27 at 18:59
_USER_ It seems to be false: physics.stackexchange.com/q/65740 – jinawee Feb 27 at 19:16
_USER_ I'm not claiming this for ice or glass but some materials that seem to be solid actually experience viscoelastic creep. See for example the famous pitch drop experiment. – OSE Feb 27 at 19:41
_USER_ Under higher pressure, ice has a lower melting point. Technically if something heavy was placed on ice it could sink in due to this melting effect. If the surrounding climate is below 0 degrees C then as this happens more ice would freeze around the object. Perhaps this could constitute as sinking into a solid. – wgrenard Feb 27 at 19:46
_USER_: true, but you need a lot of pressure! – John Rennie Feb 27 at 20:10
2 Answers 2
up vote 5 down vote accepted
If the article you are referring to is this one, then the planes didn't sink into the ice but were buried by blizzards.
Ice does exhibit ductile flow at stress of around 1 to 10MPa, but this pressure is equivalent to around 100 to 1000 tons per square metre and this is far above the stresses normally produced by objects resting on ice. Glaciers flow because the stress is concentrated at the interface between the ice and the rock, and this can produce the enormous stresses required.
So the answer to your question is that no, objects don't sink into ice under their own weight (unless your object is made from neutronium). However freeze thaw cycles can give this impression.
share|improve this answer
Interesting. There is a corollary proposed by some creationists that since these plains were covered so rapidly, 260 feet (79.2 meters) in 40 years, certain core samples could not be as old as they are said to be. I was attempting to refute this particular proposition, or at least answer it as honestly as I can. I'm thinking another approach would be the change in density from the surface downward. I doubt it is constant, and I doubt it is linear. Thanks for your help. – Jordan Feb 27 at 20:54
_USER_ when it comes to creationists: don't feed the trolls. – Carl Witthoft Feb 27 at 22:20
_USER_, not all creationists are trolls. I consider myself one though I have no problems with evolution or modern cosmology. The Everett interpretation gives me heartburn sometimes, but we'll see how that turns out. – Jordan Feb 28 at 13:58
I say yes, things can sink in ice. Here's why: there's a thin layer of liquid on the surface of ice that is why ice is slippery. When you put a body on the surface of ice, it'll keep displacing the layer of liquid, getting deeper and deeper, and will eventually sink completely,
share|improve this answer
But how fast does that occur? Have there been measurements to determine the rate at which surface displacement occurs over extended timescales? Is it fast enough to explain the depth of the planes in question? Either way, interesting article, +1. – DumpsterDoofus Feb 27 at 20:34
But would this continue to happen when the object reaches the freezing point of water? – Jordan Feb 27 at 20:40
_USER_, the paper addresses the problem with the usual explanation of slippery ice through pressure melting. This liquid layer stays on even at very low temperatures, way below freezing. – Aksakal Feb 27 at 20:46
_USER_, I have no idea how fats this would work. It's probably at the speed of diffusion if not slower. – Aksakal Feb 27 at 20:47
Note that, while it's true that ice cqn develop a liquid layer when pressed, this is not enough to explain why ice is slippery, which is a rather more complicated question. – Emilio Pisanty Feb 27 at 21:27
Your Answer


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In 2014 the Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics (DAFRE) celebrated its 100th anniversary. Our teaching and research department was founded in 1914 as the farm management division within the Rutgers Department of Agronomy. In 1923, farm management left the agronomy department to become a freestanding Department of Agricultural Economics. Its current name, adopted in 1999, reflects a research and teaching mission that extends beyond the department's origins in production agriculture.
The Department of Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics (DAFRE) was created in 1914. Since then, its mission has evolved as the needs of society have changed. The department's mission is to:
DAFRE supports society's need for economic analysis and business management in the areas of agriculture, food, resources, and the environment. Our world class teaching, research, and outreach improve businesses, communities, and the lives of people in New Jersey and beyond.
Our mission reflects and supports the missions of the Land-Grant university system, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Enviormental and Biological Science (SEBS) and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES).
The following goals emanate from our mission
1. To achieve scholarly excellence in economic research on emerging issues unique to a urban/suburban environment.
2. To be proactive and to achieve excellence by providing continual, strong, high quality support for stakeholders in analyzing, planning and facilitating adjustments to urbanization.
3. To provide effective, cutting edge undergraduate and graduate education programs in the areas of business economics, environmental and natural resource economics, and economics of the food system including agriculture and the food industry.
4. To foster team efforts including other institutions and stakeholders.
5. To provide a responsible work environment in which the individuality, worth and dignity of each member is respected and personal and professional development are encouraged.
Programmatic Area Missions and Goals
The Programmatic areas include
2. Teaching - Undergraduate & The Graduate level
Teaching and outreach build on research, and the resulting synergy energizes the pursuit of our broader departmental mission to: "Support society's agricultural, agribusiness, food, environmental and natural resource needs for economic analysis through an integrated program of teaching, research and outreach activities designed to improve the quality of public and private decisions."
DAFRE's research mission is as follows:
To advance the frontiers of knowledge within the discipline of economics, and between economics and related disciplines, on current and emerging issues related to agricultural, food, agribusiness, environmental and natural resources multidisciplinary research that draws upon relevant expertise from the fields and upon an outreach program that elicits input from our clientele in the private and public sectors.
Major departmental efforts are directed toward addressing the challenges facing the agriculture, food industry, agricultural policy makers and public and private decision makers on issues related to natural resources and the environment in New Jersey and other urbanizing/suburbanizing regions in the world. The department will continue its frontier research into policy issues such as farmland assessment, sustainability of agriculture, farmland preservation, right-to-farm issues, quality-of-life effects of farming, the structure and performance of the key agriculture and food sectors, technology transfer, effectiveness of public and private research, irrigation financing, solid waste management, environmental quality, land use at the urban fringe, coalition building between agricultural and environmental interests, new use agriculture, other emerging farm products and crops, nutraceuticals, international agricultural development, costs of production, and regulations facing agriculture. Current and evolving research initiatives will emphasize the sustainability of agriculture and include such areas as the:
(i) economics of horticulture,
(ii) new use and value added agriculture,
(iii) economics of biotechnology,
(iv) economics of emerging food technologies,
(v) economics of nutraceuticals,
(vi) economics of biodiversity, and
(vii) linkages between agriculture, food and the pharmaceutical industry.
The research program builds on the New Jersey experience as a frontier state in issues related to rapidly changing agriculture, rapidly evolving food industry, high demands on natural resources and the environment and the urban environment. As a premier department in policy related research, the DAFRE seeks to provide leadership in multidisciplinary research by utilizing a problem-solving approach to address pressing issues in our areas of interest and expertise. The mission-related goals of the research program are as follows:
- To advance the frontiers of knowledge within and between disciplines.
- To develop and conduct research (in areas such as those noted above) that is responsive to the current and future needs of producers, industry, policy makers and society.
- To establish multidisciplinary research teams that draw upon relevant expertise and provide balanced, visionary and synergistic insights and leadership.
- To build upon the New Jersey experience with development at the interfaces of agriculture, agribusiness, food and environmental/natural resources.
The Department of Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics supports an undergraduate major entitled "Environmental & Business Economics" (373), an academic "minor" by the same name, and a graduate program leading to a Masters of Science degree in "Agricultural Economics." The undergraduate program and faculty also provide courses included in the college's requirements for graduation and/or for completion of other majors within the college.
Undergraduate Program Mission
The mission of the undergraduate program is to prepare students for citizenship and employment by fostering the ability to apply economic concepts and principles to the analysis of public and private sector issues and problems, and an understanding of the institutional factors underlying and influencing policy decisions with particular emphasis on the agriculture, food industry, and natural resources.
In pursuit of the mission of the undergraduate program, the curriculum and courses are periodically reviewed, revised, and designed to provide both for our students and for those in other curricula, with:
- a foundation in the principles of economics that is relevant and up-to-date,
- greater facility in the analytical and problem-solving processes through the adoption and application of information and communication technology, and
- an improved capacity for critical reasoning and decision-making.
The "Information Age," advanced technologies, increased competition in the market place, globalization of the economy, and demands for accountability emanating from taxpayers, employers, and other stakeholders compel us to approach curriculum development and instruction in new and exciting ways. Increasingly, computers, software, and other emerging technologies are being integrated in courses to facilitate modeling, analysis and the decision-making processes. Distance learning opportunities and cooperative relationships with other institutions (such as those being developed through the Kellogg Food Systems Professions Initiative and the Mid-Atlantic Consortium) will facilitate educational development by allowing students and faculty alike to benefit from expertise and other resources for learning that would otherwise be unavailable.
The undergraduate curriculum's core courses and three options (i.e., Business Economics, Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, and Food Industry Economics) qualify students for a broad spectrum of positions in business and government, and/or for continued study at the graduate level. Alumni find positions in companies such as American Express, ADP, AT&T, G.E., ITT, Johnson and Johnson, Merck, Merrill Lynch, Commodity Exchange, Dean Witter, Stock Exchange, Farm Credit Corporation, Food Enterprises Inc., Frito-Lay Inc., M&M Mars Company, Nestle Food Corporation, Pepsi Cola Company, USDA, and Wakefern Company.
Graduate Program Mission
The mission of the M.S. program is to deliver graduate education that enables students to apply economic concepts and quantitative techniques to current problems of the agricultural and food industries and those related to natural resources and the environment. Students develop research skills by conducting independent research guided by faculty whose expertise includes the interface between agriculture, food and the environment.
Specific mission-related goals of the graduate program are as follows:
- To provide rigorous training in economic theory, econometrics and applied methods of economic research, while maintaining the flexibility to accommodate important techniques from other disciplines and adapt to a rapidly changing world of available tools.
- To provide opportunities for verbal and written communications, and for collaboration in groups, that permits students to excel in team efforts comprising members from multiple disciplines.
- To maximize the relevance of the curriculum by integrating classroom experience with practical applications.
- To build enrollment, integrated with funded research programs, to the point where the program is self-sustaining.
The outreach mission of the department includes the development, implementation, and evaluation of the impact of outreach programs to industry, policy makers and the general public that address economic and policy issues related to agriculture, food, agribusiness, environmental and natural resources in urbanizing areas.
Examples of the department's outreach efforts include our continued commitment to the proactive development of policy tools for agricultural development, the development of the Agricultural Economic Recovery and Development Initiative, the Farm Business Management and Marketing Training Program, coalition building and conflict resolution and public policy education initiatives, work in direct marketing, education programs and support provided farmers and other constituents in financial management and budgeting, and "Think-Tanks" involving departmental and university faculty in support of various agricultural and food industry enterprises in New Jersey. In the environmental area, examples of outreach efforts include collaborations and partnerships with environmental interests groups and organizations (e.g., New Jersey Recycling Forum, ANJR and Environmental Research Associates) as we continue to seek solutions to environmental policy problems. Mission related goals in the area of extension or outreach include the following:
- To develop mechanisms and outreach initiatives, based upon applied research and stakeholder linkages, that are responsive to stakeholder needs.
- To serve as a resource to clientele by conducting, evaluating/gathering, interpreting and disseminating high quality information from economic and policy analysis.
- To serve in an advisory capacity to clientele.
- To disseminate departmental generated research.
- To organize, compile/coordinate expertise, deliver and evaluate educational programs to targeted clientele groups.


text:
Reverse Logistics (RL) is a full member of a Supply Chain. As such, it must contribute by adding value to the latter. Moreover, firms are now supposed toprove they are citizens socially responsible for their acts and their consequences on the environment. We present in this article a conceptual framework in which RL is a source of competitive advantage. A qualitative
study identifies the corresponding concepts. We offer the basis of aquantitative study on the required means for a RL to create a competitive advantage in a supply chain. Among the recommendations of the article, we can mention top management's involvement, dedicated information systems and collaboration with other links in the chain.
F. Brach, X. Brusset, Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle vol.33(1), pp 33-53, (CNRS4), 2014.
Reverse logistique, supply chain management, étude qualitative


Museo Vigeland
The Vigeland Museum (Vigeland-museet, often called Vigelandsmuseet ) is a museum in Oslo, Norway.
Its history began in 1919 when noted sculptor Gustav Vigeland made an offer to Oslo Municipality to donate his works sometime in the future. Vigeland's total body of works consisted not only of sculptures, but also woodcuts, drawings, sketches and photographs as well as letters, other writings and a personal library. In return, Vigeland wanted an atelier. The atelier could be rebuilt as a museum after his death. Even Vigeland's flat on the third floor was preserved as a part of the museum.
The building of the would-be museum commenced in 1921, as soon as a contract between Vigeland and Oslo had been formalized. The architects were Lorentz Harboe Ree and Carl Buch, and the style was neo-classic. In 1923 Vigeland moved in, one year before the middle part and northern wing were completed. The southern wing was completed in 1930. The atelier was used by both Vigeland and other artists.
Vigeland died in 1943, during the hard economic times of World War II. The building was opened as a public museum in 1947, partially thanks to budget surplus from the municipal cinema company Oslo Kinematografer. The museum is still owned by Oslo municipality via its etat of culture, and the current museum director is Jarle Strømodden.
Fuente de la descripción: wikipedia
Sitios similares por:
Arquitecto definición de arquitecto Carl Buch
Lorentz Harboe Ree
Estilo definición de categoría Neoclásico
Categoría definición de categoría museo
Material definición de material
Precio definiciones de precios normal : 50.00 niño : 0.00 (edad <7) joven : 25.00 (edad 7-18) estudiante : 25.00 (edad 18-26) jubilado : 25.00 (edad 65<)
Coordenadas geográficas 59._PHONE_, 10._PHONE_
Dirección 0268 Oslo, Nobels gate 32
Más información página web oficial
Cómo llegar


ActiveField™ - QuickField API Help
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LabelBlockHE Object
Physical properties of a block for problems of AC magnetics.
The LabelBlockHE object represents physical data applicable to the block label for time-harmonic magnetics problems.
When you need to set or modify some physical parameters for the block label, you have to get the LabelBlockHE object using the Content property of the Label object, modify the LabelBlockHE object using its properties and then put it back in the Label object assigning your LabelBlockHE to the Content property of your Label object.
The LabelBlockHE object inherits methods and properties from its base class LabelBlock. In addition, it provides properties and methods specific for time-harmonic magnetics. Those are:
Kxx (Absolute)
Get and set the components of magnetic permeability.
If the optional parameter is False or omitted, the value is considered as a relative permeability, otherwise as an absolute value.
Absolute values of magnetic permeability are measured in (H/m)
Kxx (Absolute)
Gets and sets the amplitude (peak value) of applying field source for the label.
The exact meaning of the Loading value depends upon two factors:
1. Whether the label describes conductive area (Conductivity > 0), and
2. Whether the TotalCurrent flag is set.
See the Remarks section for more details.
The same as Loading, but allows defining the current (current density, voltage) not only by a value but also by a formula of coordinates.
The phase angle (in degrees) for the Loading value.
Gets and sets the electric conductivity for the label in (S). Conductivity should be positive or zero. Zero conductivity is the case if you don't want to simulate eddy current in this area.
The same as Conductivity, but allows defining the electrical conductivity not only by a constant number but also by a formula of coordinates. The formula should always give a positive result.
Returns/sets the curve representing the dependency of electrical conductivity on temperature.
Returns True when the electrical conductivity depends on temperature and False otherwise.
Returns and sets the temperature value used for calculating the electrical conductivity. It can be either a number or a formula of coordinates. This value is only used when you do not employ importing temperature from a linked problem, or imported values are not available.
Gets and sets the flag modifying the meaning of the Loading value. See the Remarks section for details.
Gets and sets the flag specifies whether the conductors with total current or voltage applied are connected in series. See the Remarks section for details.
Returns an equivalent magnetization curve for AC condition, obtained by recalculating from the source magnetization curve for DC condition.
Following properties set/return the values of the magnetic loss coefficients in the formula of the specific volume losses: p = khf B2 + kcf2B2 + ke(f B)1.5 (W/m3). They are optional. Default zero value of any coefficient defines the zero loss of the corresponding type in the ferromagnetic material.
Sets and returns kh - hysteresis losses per volume unit of given material.
Sets and returns kc - eddy current losses per volume unit of given material. Eddy current losses may be calculated using this formula for materials with zero electrical conductivity (Conductivity or ConductivityEx) in which QuickField does not calculate the eddy currents, yet the eddy current losses should be taken into account. This may be the case for magnetic cores or laminated materials. If the electric conductivity has non zero value and QuickField calculates the eddy current - this coefficient LossEddy in the loss formula should be left with default zero value.
Sets and returns ke - additional losses in the volume unit for given material, which are not taken into account by eddy current and hysteresis losses.
You always have to set both Kxx and Kyy properties even for isotropic materials. If the Polar property is set to True, the Kxx component is considered as a radial and Kyy - as tangential component of the permeability tensor.
Creates a new empty magnetization curve, which can be further used as a parameter for the PutDCSpline method.
Returns the magnetization curve for DC condition (the source curve).
PutDCSpline (
spline as Spline frequency As Double)
Sets the DC (source) magnetization curve and the frequency value for which the curve should be recalculated.
Creates a new empty curve representing the dependency of the electrical conductivity on temperature. Returns a Spline object, which can be assigned to the ConductivitySpline property.
The method of applying sources is different for conductors and non-conductive areas. The table below shows the possible options:
TotalCurrent = True
The Loading is the total number of ampere-turns (in A).
TotalCurrent = False
The Loading is the voltage (in V) applied to conductor's terminals.
The Loading value is the current density (in A/m2)
When the total numbers of ampere-turns of the voltage is applied, you can specify how QuickField should consider several areas labeled with this label (if any). If the Serial flag is set to True, several conductors will be considered as connected in series. Serial conductors are carrying the same current and calculated current density could be different if their squares are not equal.
Please note that with time-harmonic problems you always specify amplitude (peak) values for all alternating quantities.
With nonlinear AC magnetics problem you give a standard magnetization curve for each soft magnetic material. QuickField automatically calculates the magnetization curve for AC condition keeping in mind the problem frequency. The calculated magnetization curve for AC condition is available for reading by the Spline property.
Conductivity depending on temperature
QuickField can take into account the dependency of the electrical conductivity on temperature. You give the dependency by a table, and QuickField automatically approximates it by a cubic spline. When the conductivity depends on temperature, the material is considered as isotropic.
The temperature value used for conductivity calculation is either imported from the linked problem of heat transfer analysis, or given as a number or a formula in the block label (TemperatureEx property). The imported temperature has higher priority.
The Spline object represents the functional dependency of one variable from another. You use the ConductivitySpline property to get or set the conductivity spline. If the spline does not yet exist, the ConductivitySpline property returns Nothing. In that case you have to first create a new spline using the CreateConductivityCurve and then assign the returned object to the ConductivitySpline property.
The NonLinearConductivity property (of Boolean type, read-only) returns True, when the conductivity depends on temperature for this label.
The TemperatureEx property of type Variant sets/returns a priory known temperature in the block given by a number or a formula of coordinates. The formula should always give positive value.


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SHACKLETON NEWS ARCHIVE
MON 18 OCTOBER 2010 AT ATHY, CO KILDARE, IRELAND
The inaugural meeting of the Friends of the Shackleton Collection will take place on Monday 18th October 2010 at 7.30pm at the Heritage Centre Museum.
The object of the Friends is to assist in the development of Athy Heritage Centre:
- As a centre for developing interest in the history of Athy and district.
- Through the Shackleton Autumn School developing interest in Polar exploration, and especially the Life and Achievements of Ernest Shackleton.
- As a centre for the collection, maintenance and display of material relating to the history of Athy and district.
Membership is open to any person or body wishing to support the objectives of the Friends.


Can I heat baked beans in the can?
How to cook canned baked beans. That's simple. You can use any oven proof dish you like and mix your canned baked beans right in there. Then bake until they are hot all the way through and bubbling around the edges.
Is it safe to heat canned food in the can?
Aluminum is considered toxic, making it not ideal for heating canned food. Besides this, already used cans that had been heated over an open fire are not suitable because they might not be in perfect condition. Instead, you should heat your food while it's still inside its can.
What to add to baked beans from a can?
How to make Kicked-Up Canned Baked Beans:
 1. Bacon.
 2. Onion.
 3. Molasses.
 4. Spicy brown mustard (can substitute yellow mustard)
 5. Worcestershire.
 6. Brown sugar.
 7. Ketchup.
 8. A teaspoon of apple cider vinegar for a touch of tanginess is optional and not shown.
1 июл. 2020 г.
Do you have to heat up canned beans?
Canned beans can be eaten directly from the can without additional cooking since they are precooked. However, before enjoying them as is—or if you decide to cook them—definitely rinse them off with cool water. … Use canned beans in salads, dips, and sandwiches or eat as is.
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What canned foods can you eat without cooking?
Is Tin toxic for cooking?
How do you spice up beans from a can?
Do canned baked beans go bad?
Properly stored, an unopened can of baked beans in sauce will generally stay at best quality for about 3 to 5 years, although it will usually remain safe to use after that.
How do you add flavor to baked beans?
5 Ways to Upgrade Canned Baked Beans
 1. Honey + Dijon Mustard. …
 2. Caramelized Onion + Bacon + Espresso Powder. …
 3. Adobo Sauce + Chorizo + Chopped Cilantro. …
 4. Fire Roasted Tomatoes + Little Smokies + Chopped Parsley. …
 5. Mixed Chopped Herbs + Breadcrumbs + Cheddar Cheese.
7 июл. 2015 г.
Should I rinse canned beans?
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Can you eat corn straight out of the can?
The answer to the question is canned corn already cooked is "Yes, it is cooked enough for you to eat it". In fact, corn straight out of the can isn't bad at all. It is fresh and has a certain pop and crunch to it!
What can I add to canned green beans for flavor?
Flavor them with butter, onion powder, salt, and pepper. Let the beans simmer uncovered and stir occasionally. Do not turn off the heat until almost all the liquid evaporates. Otherwise, all the flavors from your seasonings will remain in the liquid and won't stick to the beans.
What is the healthiest canned vegetable?
The best canned vegetables are tomatoes, beans, green beans, corn, beets, peas, pumpkin, carrots, and artichoke hearts. Each of these vegetables is healthy, inexpensive, and taste great when they're canned.
When should you not eat canned food?
If your can shows any sign of bulging, especially around the lid, it is not safe to eat. In fact, it shouldn't even be opened. 5- Pressure Release – If you can hear an audible pressure release sound when you open your can, chances are, air has somehow gotten inside. Again, air fosters bacteria growth.
What is healthier frozen or canned vegetables?
This helps preserve the nutrients, so frozen and canned veggies can often be healthier than fresh vegetables. … Canning requires a lot more processing. Aside from certain fruits like tomatoes and pumpkins, canned goods are likely to have less nutritional value than frozen.
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Let's eat?


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The Independent Certifier or Tester role is very similar in many respects to the Clerk of Works role detailed elsewhere and is a role principally used on PFI or PPP projects to provide assurance to the principal stakeholders that the works are being completed in accordance with the client's standards, specification and schedule as provided within the legal documents.
We establish the completion criteria based on the requirements of the project agreement, the expectation of the stakeholders and benchmarking standards at the earliest opportunity. Our approach ensures that from the outset all stakeholders know, understand and agree the requirements for completion.
During site inspections and system audits we monitor the quality of the construction services and the suitability of the management systems to deliver whilst also ensuring compliance with the project requirements as work progresses.
Witnessing completion testing, reviewing test and commissioning results and confirming compliance with the agreed completion criteria is the final part of the assessment allowing certification of completion.
To perform the role well a mix of skills are required including:
- A detailed knowledge of construction
- A close attention to detail
- Good interpersonal skills
- Clear communication of the testing requirements and timings
- Close collaboration with the contractor to jointly develop the completion process


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text:
A new report released in April estimates annual earthquake losses in the U.S. of $14.7 billion — a 140 percent increase over the previous estimate of $6.1 billion per year.
By Alice R. Turner, Simpson Strong-Tie Fellow (@SeismoAlice)
Citation: Turner, Alice R., 2023, Earthquake damages likely to cost U.S. billions more per year than expected, Temblor, _URL_
A new report by the U.S. Geological Survey and FEMA estimates that earthquake damage costs the United States $14.7 billion annually — a 140 percent increase over the previous estimate of $6.1 billion per year from 2017.
Earthquakes haven't gotten more dangerous since 2017. Instead, the increased earthquake damage estimates result from incorporating the latest data — Both latest USGS earthquake hazard data, as well as significant improvements in data on the number and types of buildings that are exposed to earthquake risk. The new report also benefited from updated census data from the 2020 national census and more reliable estimates of how much construction costs.
USGS science on earthquake hazards and FEMA's upgraded Hazus6.0 software were critical components of this analysis, says Kishor Jaiswal, a research structural engineer at USGS and lead author of the report. Jaiswal presented results from the new government report at the Seismological Society of America annual meeting in April in Puerto Rico.
Calculating annual loss
The earthquake losses in the report come from a "probabilistic model"; the report does not just consider the effect of a single earthquake in a given location, but many different earthquakes with different magnitudes and distance range that could happen and potentially may result in building damage and losses.
"Probabilistic models include all of the known sources that we can consider in a certain time period for a certain site — all the earthquakes that could affect that site," says Mark Petersen, a geophysicist at the USGS and chief of the USGS National Seismic Hazard Model project.
With these models, it is possible to calculate the "annualized earthquake loss" for each region — or for the whole country. In some years, earthquakes won't cause any damage and the financial loss that year would be negligible. But there are also years that may likely witness a large earthquake causing significant damage — reaching tens or hundreds of billions of dollars — major earthquakes on faults like the San Andreas or Hayward faults in the Bay Area or a megathrust earthquake on the Cascadia Subduction Zone in the Pacific Northwest. However, we cannot know in advance which year will be the damaging one. The reported annualized earthquake loss values are long-term averages over what could happen in a year. We can't predict when, where or how big an earthquake will be, but the annualized earthquake loss values illuminate where damage will be most costly.
Loss estimates across the nation
Not surprisingly, the loss estimates are concentrated in high seismic hazard states. California, Washington and Oregon account for $11.6 billion in estimated annualized earthquake losses, or 78 percent of the U.S. total. The estimated losses have increased by 160 percent in these three highly seismic states. But loss estimates have also increased in most other U.S. states, for example by more than 200 percent in Arizona, Idaho and Mississippi.
Only six states have a decrease in the annualized earthquake losses, including New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island. These are mostly low seismic hazard areas, and the percentage change is relatively small.
Losses also tend to be concentrated in metropolitan areas, where there are lots of buildings, and people. Fifty-five metropolitan areas, including Greater Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area account for 85 percent of the total estimated annualized losses in the United States.
The study relies on updated information about populations and the values of buildings. For example, Jaiswal says, "home values have almost doubled in the last five to seven years." The report states that "59 percent of the 140 percent increase [in estimated losses] is largely attributed to the increase in building inventory and valuations."
For the Hazus software to calculate the loss values, it uses the best earthquake science available. One piece of information included for the first time is how the shallow subsurface, especially the top 30 meters, can amplify earthquake shaking. The increase in hazard is most prominent where thick layers of loose sediments overlie bedrock, especially in basins like the Seattle Basin, the Los Angeles Basin, the San Francisco Basin and the Salt Lake City Basin. Around 22 percent of the increase in annualized losses in California can be attributed to the change in the seismic hazard — this value includes the changes in response to the updated shallow subsurface.
Comparing across the United States
Making comparisons of expected earthquake losses in different states or regions is not simple. For example, "$10 million in earthquake damage in Evansville, Indiana, represents a greater loss than a comparable dollar loss for San Francisco, a much larger city," according to the report.
To allow for comparisons between different regions of the country, the seismologists who prepared the report use a metric called "the annualized earthquake loss ratio." Recall from above that the annualized earthquake loss is the expected losses according to the model, averaged per year, and considers both small earthquakes that happen frequently and larger earthquakes that happen less often. The annualized earthquake loss ratio is the annualized earthquake loss divided by the cost to replace the damaged buildings. Using this ratio makes it easier to compare among regions that have different populations and building stock.
All high-earthquake-hazard states noted a reduction in the annualized earthquake loss ratio, even though annualized earthquake loss itself increased. The reduction in the ratio reflects the replacement of aging, vulnerable buildings with more resilient ones in states with many earthquakes. The costs associated with minor amounts of damage that must be fixed and repaired add up quickly, Jaiswal says, so the overall annualized loss continues to increase.
Impact of the estimated loss report
Additionally, the new report not only assesses the financial impact of earthquakes, but also estimates casualties, debris from building collapse, and shelter requirements. The report will be broadly useful, impacting everything from earthquake policy development to the promotion of earthquake risk awareness. "The overall earthquake risk continues to outpace the seismic mitigation efforts in our country," says Jaiswal.
"I think [the report] will be useful in the awareness component of what we do," says Jeff Briggs, earthquake program manager for Missouri's State Emergency Management Agency. "This will be a really good reminder for all of the partners I work with, and the citizens as well, to say, look what a big deal earthquakes are." Missouri is home to the New Madrid Seismic Zone, which produced devastating earthquakes in _PHONE_.
"This report is not fundamentally changing our messaging and not fundamentally changing our approach. But it changes the scope of it," says Briggs. Earthquakes are a national problem that is not going away.
Impact of the Hazus software
The impact of the new Hazus6.0 software goes beyond the new loss estimates for the U.S. The Hazus software was originally created in 1997 as a standard tool for modeling the risks associated with natural disasters. The code is used by federal agencies, research institutions and regional planning authorities across the U.S. to support decision-making for mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery.
Mitigation and preparedness efforts can be costly. Hazus can be a particularly powerful tool for governments to evaluate the costs of seismic upgrades. Hazus was used to show that each $1 spent on building to higher standards results in $11 of future losses avoided.
Response and recovery efforts can also use Hazus during real-time disaster response. By including data from the USGS's Shakemap, which measures the real-time felt shaking from an earthquake, Hazus can be used to estimate the impacts of an earthquake immediately after the event. These evaluations of damage and loss will assist post-earthquake response and recovery efforts by emergency services agencies.
Hazus is key for emergency planning. Often, emergency planners use Hazus to estimate the losses of a particular "scenario" earthquake. Scenario earthquakes are based on historical events. "Because it has specific details that we need in terms of power outages, fatalities and things like that, [scenario earthquakes] really help us prepare," says Briggs.
However, these scenarios are not updated regularly. In Missouri, the "last time we really had a very specific scenario-based study done was in 2009," says Briggs. The report has shown that estimated losses across the U.S. have gone up significantly, and the same will be seen for many scenarios used for hazard mitigation. "I have no doubt that the economic costs would go up dramatically from 2009. No doubt." Briggs says.
Alice Turner is Temblor's Simpson Strong Tie Fellow. She is a distinguished postdoctoral fellow at the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, where she uses seismic observations to understand the mechanics of earthquakes, both on the Earth and on other planets. Simpson Strong Tie is sponsoring their second Temblor science writing fellow to cover important earthquake news across the globe.
"Hazus Estimated Annualized Earthquake Losses for the United States," 2023, FEMA P-366, FEMA, NEHRP, USGS
Text © 2023 Temblor. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
We publish our work — articles and maps made by Temblor — under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.


text:
Determinants of patient satisfaction in outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy: a systematic, qualitative meta-summary, and meta-synthesis
- Additional Document Info
- View All
Purpose: To identify and synthesise patient-identified factors that influence satisfaction with outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy (O-MSK).Methods: A systematic, qualitative meta-summary and meta-synthesis was conducted by accessing six electronic databases: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library, from inception to March 2017. Additional studies were identified by using a "berry-picking" method. Search limits were: primary studies; English language; and involving human subjects. Qualitative peer-reviewed articles describing patient satisfaction in O-MSK were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers critically appraised eligible studies independently using the critical appraisal of skills programme tool for qualitative studies. Extracted verbatim data of included studies were synthesised using the meta-summary and meta-synthesis by using a purpose-designed form.Results: Eleven studies were included in the article. Factors influencing patient satisfaction were grouped into six broad themes: 1) clinical outcomes; 2) physiotherapist features; 3) patient features; 4) physiotherapist-patient relationship; 5) treatment features, and 6) healthcare setting features.Conclusions: These findings suggest that patient satisfaction in O-MSK is a multidimensional construct influenced by individual patient/provider, clinical, and contextual factors. Future reviews should include a synthesis of findings from both qualitative and quantitative studies to establish a fully comprehensive understanding of this complex health phenomenon.Implications for rehabilitationPatient satisfaction in outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy is affected by different factors, thus reflecting a multidimensional construct;Single determinants are not sufficient to affect patient satisfaction;Patient satisfaction is influenced individual patient/provider, clinical outcomes, and contextual factors;Further studies should be designed to investigate the relationships among these factors.
has subject area


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Protest Investigations
Protest InvestigationsWith the nation's current state of affairs echoing worldwide, many have taken up the flag of protest in the fight for civil rights, equality, and police brutality. Many civil rights groups and even private citizens are effectively coming together to take advantage of their constitutional right to protest. While many support this activity, others do not and have sought to undermine and even suppress this right.
Unfortunately for those exercising their right to protest, others like far-left and far-right groups are working to incite violence to make the protest appear illegitimate. Some of these may also be foreign agents at work. Because of this, many civil rights groups are looking to private investigators to find out who these groups are and are looking for ways to educate others on their existence.
Reasons to Hire a Private investigator for a Protest Investigation:
Disinformation is a popular tool for many extremist groups when it comes to countering legitimate protests. They use social media as a significant outlet to prevent protests or even create counter-protests. Because of this, civil rights groups must get this information out and find a way to halt these groups from spreading their disinformation.
Private investigators are at their core, information gatherers. They have several skills at their disposal. These can include surveillance (both online and offline), background checks, computer forensics, social media investigations, and ties to law enforcement and work within the law. These skills make a private investigator a valuable person in helping protect a protest's legitimacy.
Private Investigators can use their skills to track interference and take this information to their clients so they can pursue civil or legal action if needed. Private investigators are legally licensed to gather data in multiple forms and remain discreet with the utmost confidentiality.
It doesn't stop with disinformation. Some extremist groups are more tech-savvy than others and have resorted to technology to counter these protests to keep information from getting out or preventing law enforcement from doing their jobs. These cyber-attacks are usually in the form of a denial of service attack, which can significantly hinder communications amongst protestors, civil rights groups, and even law enforcement.
Private investigators can use their computer forensic training to track and possibly identify these people. Many private investigators are former law enforcement or even military. Many have armed themselves with knowledge like degrees in computer science, cybersecurity, and even computer forensics to complete their skillset.
As many civil rights groups are volunteering and law enforcement spread thin, private investigators have more time and resources to help those in need and with faster results. Their training allows them to analyze social media accounts and profiles to test their legitimacy and help local rights groups get the information they need to help close them down.


text:
La Universitat de Girona ha donat el tret de sortida a InventEUrs – Fostering invention-based ...
ViCOROB is a research group at the University of Girona
specialized in Computer Vision and Robotics.
ViCOROB combines top level research with technology transfer, focusing on basic and applied research projects, promoting values such as respect, diversity, hard work, internationalization and entrepreneurship.
Rafael Garcia gives a talk in Vigo University on the development of technology for underwater explorationIn News
Marine habitats play an important role in the understanding and management of ocean resources. The d...


text:
The mobile edge computing (MEC) paradigm changes the role of edge devices from data producers and requesters to data consumers and processors. MEC mitigates the bandwidth limitation between the edge server and the remote cloud by directly processing the large amount of data locally generated by the network of the internet of things (IoT) at the edge. An efficient data-gathering scheme is crucial for providing quality of service (QoS) within MEC. To reduce redundant data transmission, this paper proposes a data collection scheme that only gathers the necessary data from IoT devices (like wireless sensors) along a trajectory. Instead of using and transmitting location information (which may leak the location anonymity), a virtual coordinate system called 'distance vector of hops to anchors' (DV-Hop) is used. The proposed trajectory encoding algorithm uses ellipse and hyperbola constraints to encode the position of interest (POI) and the trajectory route to the POI. Sensors make routing decisions only based on the geometric constraints and the DV-Hop information, both of which are stored in their memory. Also, the proposed scheme can work in heterogeneous networks (with different radio ranges) where each sensor can calculate the average one-hop distance within the POI dynamically. The proposed DV-Hop updating algorithm enables the users to collect data in an IoT network with mobile nodes. The experiments show that in heterogeneous IoT networks, the proposed data collection scheme outperforms two other state-of-the-art topology-based routing protocols, called ring routing, and nested ring. The results also show that the proposed scheme has better latency, reliability, coverage, energy usage, and provide location privacy compared to state-of-the-art schemes.
X. Cao and S. K. Madria, "Efficient Data Collection in IoT Networks using Trajectory Encoded with Geometric Shapes," IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 799 - 813, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Oct 2022.
The definitive version is available at _URL_
Keywords and Phrases
DV-Hop; edge computing; ellipse; encoding; GPS-free; hyperbola; IoT; routing; sensor; Trajectory
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Article - Journal
© 2023 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, All rights reserved.
01 Oct 2022
National Science Foundation, Grant CNS _PHONE_


text:
Québec has various national symbols and emblems. They reflect Québec's history, its wintery climate and its collective identity.
The Québec flag was officially adopted in 1948. The cross on the flag evokes the faith of the province's founders, and the fleur-de-lis and blue background recall its French origins.
The coat of arms, in its present form, was adopted in 1939 to symbolize the historical realities of Québec. The shield bears three gold fleur-de-lis on a blue background symbolizing the French regime, a gold lion on a red background symbolizing the British regime, and a branch with three maple leaves reflecting the period before the founding of the Canadian federation.
This motto, created by the architect of Québec's parliament building, Eugène-Étienne Taché, symbolizes the importance of remembering Québec's history.
Québec chose the yellow birch as its emblematic tree to emphasize the importance Quebecers place on their forests.
As the floral emblem of Québec, the iris highlights the importance of water and wetlands in the balance of nature.
The snowy owl symbolizes the whiteness of Québec's winters, its roots in a semi-Nordic climate and its vast territory.


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Graceful Tree Conjecture is one of my favorite open problems (See this earlier post). Trees with diameter 4 and 5 are known to be graceful a decade ago.
One of my advisees, Matt Superdock, made progress towards proving that all diameter 6 trees are graceful. Matt is an undergraduate senior in our Mathematics Department. He proved that an interesting class of diameter 6 trees are graceful. His thesis is available here.
I hope his work motivates more researchers to make progress towards resolving Graceful Tree Conjecture, particularly for diameter 6 trees. Matt's work really tests the limit of current techniques. Perhaps we need new techniques/insights to prove that all diameter 6 trees are graceful.
Graceful Tree Conjecture (GTC) is one of my favorite open problems. I posted it on Open Problem Garden couple of years back. I enjoy reading papers related to graceful labeling and try to keep as up-to-date as possible with the progress towards GTC. Here is a brief introduction to GTC.
Graceful Labeling : Label the vertices of a simple undirected graph (where and ) with integers from to. Now label each edge with absolute difference of the labels of its incident vertices. The labeling is said to be graceful if the edges are labeled through inclusive (with no number repeated).
A graph is called graceful if it has at least one such labeling. This labeling was originally introduced in 1967 by Rosa [Rosa'67]. The name graceful labeling was coined later by Golomb. It is easy to see that stars and paths are graceful. Some known graceful graphs are paths, stars, complete bipartite graphs, prism graphs, wheel graphs, caterpillar graphs, olive trees, and symmetrical trees, gear graphs, rectangular grids.
Gracefully labeled graphs have applications in coding theory and communication network addressing. Look at this paper [Basak'04] for an application in MPLS Multicasting. The following conjecture is due to Kotzig, Ringel and Rosa.
Graceful Tree Conjecture (GTC) : All trees are graceful.
Ringel's Conjecture : If is a fixed tree with edges, then complete graph on vertices decomposes into copies of.
Exercise : The existence of a graceful labeling of a given graph G with n edges is a sufficient condition for the existence of a cyclic decomposition of a complete graph of order 2n+1 into subgraphs isomorphic to G. In particular, GTC implies Ringel's conjecture.
A caterpillar graph is a tree such that if all leaves and their incident edges are removed, the remainder of the graph forms a path. Here's a cute exercise. There is an elegant inductive proof.
Exercise : Prove that all caterpillar graphs are graceful.
Open Problems :
- Graceful Tree Conjecture (GTC) is still open. There are couple of papers on arxiv claiming to have settled GTC. I went through the proofs and found some mistakes.
- As an intermediate problem, prove that all lobster graphs are graceful. This is also an open problem. Some special cases of lobsters (eg : lobsters with perfect matching) are proved graceful [Morgan'02].
- Complexity of graceful labeling is open. A related problem called harmonious labeling was shown to be NP-complete.
- Improve approximate factors of relaxed graceful labeling [Bussel'02].
- [Rosa'67] Alex Rosa, On certain valuations of the vertices of a graph. Theory of Graphs, (1967) 349–355
- [Bussel'02] Frank Van Bussel: Relaxed Graceful Labellings of Trees. Electr. J. Comb. 9(1): (2002)
- [Morgan'02] David Morgan: All Lobsters with Perfect Matchings are Graceful. Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics 11: 503-508 (2002)
- [Basak'04] Ayhan Basak, MPLS Multicasting Using Caterpillars and a Graceful Labelling Scheme, Eighth International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV'04), pp.382-387, 2004


text: Systematic experiments were conducted to study the postflooding situation in air - water countercurrent flow in a tube of 0.025 m internal diameter with smooth inlet and outlet conditions for the two phases. The downflow rate of water and the pressure gradient were measured over a range of flow rates for test-section lengths of 0.6, 1.2 and 2.0 m. Additional experiments were conducted with increasing and decreasing water flow rates at a constant air flow rate. The length of the test section or the way the flooding point was approached did not significantly affect the onset of flooding. The data show that, as the gas flow rate is increased, the pressure gradient can fall significantly in the postflooding situation due to depleting the downflow rate of liquid. Dimensionless correlations are proposed to calculate the downflow rate and the pressure gradient given for overall flow parameters.


text:
Background Resource use in the acute and subacute phases after stroke depends on the degree of disability. Aims To determine if direct costs after stroke also vary by level of disability as measured using the modified Rankin scale at the chronic stage after stroke. Methods In a multicentre study, we collected acute and chronic inand outpatient resource use in survivors of ischemic stroke stratified by levels of disability according to the modified Rankin Scale. Statistical inference on costs at each level of the modified Rankin Scale was estimated using a general linear model for the first three months, the first year, and any subsequent year after ischemic stroke. Results A total of 569 survivors of ischemic stroke with a mean age of 71.7 years were enrolled (41% female) from 10 academic and nonacademic centers. Costs varied substantially over time and with each modified Rankin Scale level. The total average costs in the first year were estimated $33,147 per patient, ranging from $9,114 for modified Rankin Scale 0 to $83,236 for modified Rankin Scale 5. In the second year, medical costs were on average $14,039, varying from $2,921 to $39,723 for patients with modified Rankin Scale 0-5. The level of disability based on the modified Rankin Scale was a major determinant of resource use, irrespective of age, gender, atrial fibrillation, and vascular risk factors. Conclusion Long-term resource use after stroke is high and is mainly driven by degree of disability as measured by the modified Rankin scale.
Keywords: Stroke; cost analysis; costs; modified Rankin Scale.


text:
- To teach people that people who are homeless are just like you and me. They just need us to love them and care for them.
- To teach everyone to treat people who are homeless like family because if you do that you will love them in all the right ways and you will treat them in all the right ways and care for them in all the rights ways.
- To teach people that no one should ever eat from a garbage can or live without a bed or a home and let them know that there are people that have to because they have no choice.
- To ask every person who will listen to help however they can to make life for people who are homeless better.
- To teach people that everyone can make a difference in the lives of others.


Here is the situation:
 - I cast Walk the Aeons with Buyback.
 - Walk the Aeons resolves and returns to my hand.
 - I cast Walk the Aeons again, without buyback.
Where does Walk the Aeons go when it resolves for the second time that turn? Can Jace's ability track Walk the Aeons across multiple zones?
Objects that move from one zone to another become a completely new object.
400.7. An object that moves from one zone to another becomes a new object with no memory of, or relation to, its previous existence. There are eight exceptions to this rule:
Rule 400.7h is an exception to 400.7. This is the rule that allows Jace's -3 ability to keep track of cards that you cast from the graveyard.
400.7h If an effect causes an object to move to a public zone, other parts of that effect can find that object. If the cost of a spell or ability causes an object to move to a public zone, that spell or ability's effects can find that object.
As soon as the card moves to any other zone, rule 400.7h no longer applies, and Jace's ability loses track of it. If you cast Walk the Aeons after that, it will go to the graveyard like normal.
As another user pointed out, this is also the most logical outcome. The game has no way to tell in all situations if the second Walk the Aeons is the same physical card as the first one.
 - 3
 Logically, the game can't really track that sort of thing, because there's no way for the game to know if the second Walk the Aeons that is cast is the same physical card as the first one or not. – GendoIkari Apr 13 '16 at 13:56
 - _USER_ That's one possible argument, but it's not watertight - what if the player had an empty hand before the Buyback? Then it would be the only card in that player's hand and the game could know. Of course, it would be a silly way of doing things on a case-by-case basis. The "game object" concept is much more broadly applicable. – Hackworth Apr 13 '16 at 14:14
Your Answer


text:
PyNLP -- parsing and distributional similarity package for Python
PyNLP is a collection of Python/C/C++ modules that provide a common framework for discriminative parsing and distributional similarity-based clustering.
PyNLP is currently licensed for noncommercial purposes only. Special thanks to Helmut Schmid for allowing the inclusion of parts of BitPar and SFST in this distribution.
This distribution includes (parts of) the following software: BitPar (by Helmut Schmid; noncommercial only) _URL_ SFST (by Helmut Schmid; GPL) _URL_ FlexModule/BisonModule (Tommy McGuire; Pythonesque license) _URL_ Simple C++ wrapper for PCRE (Peter Petersen; BSD-like license) [different versions of this one floating around on the Internet.]
NOTE: the library modules that use BitPar and SFST are based on older versions of these programs and recent versions of these may have different functionality (in the case of BitPar) or use incompatible file formats (SFST). In particular, most of the functionality in the 'bitpar' C++ module that is beyond parsing bit vector charts (i.e., head finding, extraction of forests, discriminative parsing) is not present in BitPar, whereas reranking is present in newer versions of BitPar, but not in the module.
The following language resources can be used with PyNLP: - old SMOR/IMSLex (German morphology; proprietary)
cannot be redistributed
- SMOR with the IDS lexicon (German morphology) -- not done yet Note that this may yield slightly different results from using SMOR with the (non-redistributable) IMSLex lexicon.
- Morph-It (Italian morphology)
The easiest way to install this is by installing the necessary python packages via Debian/Ubuntu's apt-get and then setup the package in a virtualenv (so you can install new versions without having to modify the central python installation).
To actually do useful things, you need to untar the pytree_data.tgz tarball somewhere and point the PYNLP environment variable to that directory: export PYNLP=~/tmp/pytree_data
For building the software, you will need the following packages: gcc g++ python-dev libpcre++-dev python-numpy bison flex python-virtualenv (optional) cython (optional)
You will also need the dti decision tree package from Christian Borgelt: _URL_
To build and setup everything: cd ~/tmp virtualenv parser_env cd ~/sources/pytree-package ~/tmp/parser_env/bin/python setup.py install cd tests ~/tmp/parser_env/bin/python test-all.py
Tu build and setup for a system installation, it's just python setup.py build sudo python setup.py install cd tests python test-all.py
After PyTree is installed, you can run "make html" in the "docs/" subdirectory to build API documentation in nice HTML format if you have installed the Sphinx document formatting suite.
Parsing with an existing grammar
To do lexicalized parsing with an existing grammar, use the script parse_lex.py, for example: python parse_lex.py -l de.tiger -g grammar/full -m grammar/all.model where:
- -l gives the settings bundle for PyNLP (which sets the right
- morphological prediction, head table, etc.)
-g gives the path to the files for the first stage PCFG grammar -m gives the path to the discriminative model parameters
Retraining the parser with an existing grammar
To retrain the parser, several steps are necessary: * Create the annotated trees from the treebank
for Tiger, this is done by the script tiger2mrg.py which will read a Negra export file, transform it including projectivizing the tree, and then write a bracketed file with edge label information.
- create base PCFG grammars for the n-fold crosstraining see scripts/parse_all.sh for how to do this.
- extract the discriminative training data for each fold:
- python train_lex.py -l de.tiger -g fold3 -o fold3/fold.event fold3/heldout.mrg
- (lather, rinse, repeat for fold1..fold5 and full)
- join the discriminative training data and apply frequency threshold:
amis_tools/treelexer -t 5 -l all.in -o all.event fold*/fold.event * run AMIS to estimate model parameters amis all.conf
- reward yourself with a cookie: you should now have - the PCFG grammar in.../full/ - the discriminative model in.../all.model
Adapting to other grammars or languages
basically, you want to have the following: * a script for treebank conversion and annotation
Look at tiger2mrg.py for an example how this could look. Basically, you would want to - have edge labels that (minimally) distinguish betweenmodifiers on one hand, different types of arguments on the other hand and conjuncts as well.
- markovize coordinations (look at the function with that name in tiger2mrg - basically, find coordinations and markovize them so that they are distinct from other phrases with linear markovization
- use generic_markovize to do markovization with GF marking which is head-based (if you have a head table).
- write everything out in VPF format (again, look at tiger2mrg.py how to do this).
- a head table (already used in step 1) look at pynlp/*/*_heads.py for ideas on how to do this.
- a POS prediction component look at pynlp/de/smor_pos.py and pynlp/it/morphit_pos.py for examples.
- a regex list look at data/german-regex.in and data/italian-regex.in for examples.
- one settings bundle to rule them all (or two) modify pynlp/__init__.py so that PyNLP can actually find all those components.


text:
Roof Repairs Expose Decay in Cross Laminated Timber (CLT)
Structural Timber Repair
Structural CLT timbers suffering both wet and dry rot
A number of causes of ingress were suspect
Project consultants and the Principal Contractor sought a strategy for repair and approached Trace
Trace devised new repair methods using our experience in timber resin splice (TRS) repairs
Trace worked with TRADA (timber research and development association) to verify extent of decay
All repairs subject to staged QA process with full QA documentation produced by Trace for O&M manual
Trace were asked to inspect a Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) structure, where the walls and roof consist of pre-fabricated panels, providing an environmentally sustainable building.
A principal contractor was instructed to undertake roof repairs, and upon removal of the roof covering, it became apparent that timber members had both wet and dry rot present.
At this stage, the Principal Contractor and Structural Engineer had no strategy for repair, and Trace were asked to advise.
We employed our specialist knowledge of structural timber repair, using both traditional and modern resin splice methods to provide proposals and agree the specification.
It is important to note, that to our knowledge, the resin splice repairs which we have devised, have not everbeen completed previously, and are innovative in timber structures of this type. Localised issues could not have been successfully remedied by generalist contractors (it would have required wider replacement), and Trace's specialist knowledge was vital within both the specification and completion of these works.
Methodology had to be agreed with the Engineers, Principal Contractor, and furthermore the Timber Research and Development Association were asked to consult, specifically validating the extent of decay and resultant extent of timber cut out.


Activities of Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Toward the Branch Davidians/Section 6
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VI. Negotiations To End the Standoff With the Davidians[edit]
Negotiations between the FBI and the Branch Davidians continued for 51 days during which time the negotiators utilized generally accepted negotiation techniques. The FBI was unwilling to engage in a novel approach toward the Davidians.
While American hostage negotiation training, especially FBI training, is thought to be the best in the world, there remains considerable room for reassessment and, based on the Waco record, improvement. The FBI possesses exceptional negotiators, but the Bureau was unwilling to engage outside experts and too eager to ignore the advice given by its own experts. The evolving nature of hostage barricade situations necessitates that in the future the FBI continually strive for the preparedness to confront more emotional and unpredictable barricaded subjects. At Waco, FBI resistance to different negotiation methods may have contributed to a premature decision to end the standoff.
a. the conflict between tactical commanders and negotiators[edit]
1. The problem with two teams: one negotiating team and a tactical team[edit]
At Waco, the FBI Crisis Management Team was deployed. The Crisis Management Team is made up of a variety of law enforcement professionals, among them agents trained as tactical agents and as negotiators. The team was divided into groups with separate leadership and different responsibilities. Each team gave its perspective to Jeffrey Jamar, the Special Agent in Charge, who determined which strategy to employ in negotiations. There often was a conflict between these two approaches.
Although disposed to the active approach, Jamar allowed the proposals of each team to be implemented simultaneously, working against each other.
a. Standard Procedure in Negotiations[edit]
According to the FBI's Chief Negotiator, Gary Noesner, the conflict between tactical and negotiating teams is the one universal element in law enforcement operations of this type.[1] FBI tactical forces are trained to act in stressful, violent situations. Agents are inclined toward the "action imperative," the sense among agents that motivates them to act.[2] Negotiators are more inclined to seek a nonviolent resolution of the standoff simply by virtue of their training.
The FBI has a policy in place that favors a negotiated settlement.[3] Through a type of negotiation called active listening, negotiators attempt to find ways to explain to the barricaded subject why it is in his best interest to seek a nonviolent solution. This FBI policy and training of negotiators conflicts with the "action imperative."
b. Major disagreements between the two teams[edit]
Each team adamantly argued to Jamar on behalf of its perspective and adamantly opposed the other's.[4] Dr. Alan A. Stone [5] chronicled the progression in strategy that occurred among the FBI Commanders at Waco in his Report and Recommendations. At first, according to Stone, "the agents on the ground proceeded with a strategy of conciliatory negotiation, which had the approval and understanding of the entire chain of command. Pushed by the tactical leader, the commander on the ground began to allow tactical pressures to be placed on the residence in addition to negotiation." [6] Stone summarized the feelings of negotiators of this inevitable progression. Stone writes, "This changing strategy at the residence from (1) conciliatory negotiating to (2) negotiation and tactical pressure and then to (3) tactical pressure alone, evolved over the objections of the FBI's own experts and without clear understanding up the chain of command." [7]
The disagreement was called a "fundamental strategy disagreement." [8] The negotiators suggested that tactical maneuvers worked against the negotiation process. The tactical team wanted to employ aggressive tactics. Regarding the conflict with tactical people, McClure says simply, "Tactical people think in tactical terms and negotiators think in negotiation terms." [9] Byron Sage, a Supervisory Special Agent and the lead day-to-day FBI negotiator at Waco, testified before the subcommittees, "[The conflict between tactical and negotiation teams] presented difficulties, for sure, but that is not unusual. These are not matters that we were not prepared to attempt to negotiate through." [10] In the end, however, the tactical team won the endorsement of Jamar.
Jamar decided to constrict the perimeter of the building by moving vehicles closer to the residence. On March 9, 1993 the FBI began to use Bradley Fighting Vehicles to clear debris (including automobiles and boats) from the front of Mount Carmel. On March 14, 1993 the FBI focused bright lights on the residence in an effort to disrupt the sleep of those inside. Four days later, loudspeakers were set up to communicate messages from the FBI to the Davidians inside the residence. Soon thereafter, the FBI began playing recordings of Tibetan chants, rabbits being slaughtered, and other sound effects.[11]
While negotiators were trying to gain the trust of Koresh and the Davidians, the actions of the tactical team gave Davidians reason to distrust FBI's negotiators. At the hearings, Sage explained, "It is not uncommon to, as part of the negotiation process, to actually try to ingratiate yourself a little bit more with Koresh and his followers by saying, look, this is out of our hands, but that is why you need to give us something to work with." [12] It is difficult to imagine that use of tactical force could be a beneficial tool with those whom experts say should be treated with caution and conciliation. Notwithstanding Sage's description of the tactical maneuvers as helpful to negotiations, any consequences of aggressive movements on the part of FBI were not ones it intended. They were predicted, however. Gary Noesner remarked, "I do not awake from nightmares or have trouble sleeping at night... because everything that I predicted would happen, did happen." [13]
c. Insufficient communication between the two teams and their commanders[edit]
In testimony before the subcommittees, Jamar described the strategic decisionmaking process. He said, "The supervisors of each component would get together and report and discuss matters. And we would have various meetings." [14] Noesner said the problem was not one of communication. Jamar's office was across from the negotiation room. Noesner communicated the desired approach of negotiators with regularity and often in heated exchanges. Jamar heard opinions from the negotiators and tactical agents given with equal force. He let each strategy go forward as if it was the primary one.[15]
d. Decisions between the options presented by the two teams[edit]
In early 1993, FBI policy was to place the Special Agent in Charge of the FBI's regional office in charge of making operational decisions in a crisis like Waco. Noesner described the role of the SAC saying, "He has to take the information and couple that with the information he receives from other intelligence sources, from the tactical team and he has to weigh all those things, weigh them with his own experiences and his own perceptions and he has to come to a decision." [16]
Noesner emphasized the fact that the real problem in Waco was one of leadership. The situation at Waco required someone to make the decision on what strategy to utilize to confront this "unconventional" group. He characterized Jamar as an action-oriented agent, one who fell prey to the "action imperative." [17]
Stone describes the action imperative in terms of the FBI's "group psychology." The options available to the FBI, according to Stone, fell somewhere between "doing nothing (passivity) and a military assault (the action imperative)." [18] In light of the fact that "the appeal of any tactical initiative to an entrenched, stressed FBI must have been overwhelming," Stone reasons, "the desultory strategy of simultaneous negotiation and tactical pressure was enacted as a compromise." [19] Stone concluded that tactical maneuvers were initiated as a way to relieve agents' desire to act. It is left to the SAC to override the group psychology of the agents on the ground and make the decisions necessary to reach a peaceful conclusion. Stone writes, "The FBI should not be pushed by their group psychology into misguided ad hoc decision making the next time around." [20]
e. The effect on negotiations of the decision to employ tactical maneuvers[edit]
The decision to employ tactical maneuvers had the exact result negotiators and experts predicted. The experts advised against antagonizing the Davidians.[21] In a memorandum coauthored by Peter Smerick, an FBI Criminal Investigative Analyst, and Park Dietz, Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the UCLA School of Medicine, the FBI was advised that "negotiations coupled with ever increasing tactical presence... could eventually be counterproductive and could result in loss of life." [22] When tactical maneuvers were utilized, negotiations were set back. The Davidians were unable to sleep with sounds of loud music and rabbits being slaughtered. The Davidians were angered by movements of the armored personnel carriers. They were angered by the clearing of debris from the grounds.[23] As Richard DeGuerin, the lawyer representing Koresh, says, tactical maneuvers appeared to be "calculated to discourage anyone from coming out." [24]
The effect that the tactical maneuvers had on negotiations was only one of the problems resulting from that decision. In fact, some believe that playing loud music bonded the Davidians closer together.[25]
f. Tactical maneuvers may have fed into the vision anticipated by Koresh[edit]
Koresh often warned Davidians that they would die in a fire brought on by "the Beast." [26] In Smerick's March 8 memo, he recommended that tactical pressure "should be the absolute last option we