Scrubbing Sensitive Data
As with any third-party service it's important to understand what data is being sent to Sentry, and where relevant ensure sensitive data either never reaches the Sentry servers, or at the very least it doesn't get stored.
These are some great examples for data scrubbing that every company should think about:
 - PII (Personally Identifiable Information) such as a user's name or email address, which post-GDPR should be on every company's mind.
 - Authentication credentials, like your AWS password or key.
 - Confidential IP (Intellectual Property), such as your favorite color, or your upcoming plans for world domination.
We offer the following options depending on your legal and operational needs:
 - filtering or scrubbing sensitive data within the SDK, so that data is not sent to Sentry. Different SDKs have different capabilities, and configuration changes require a redeployment of your application.
 - configuring server-side scrubbing to ensure Sentry does not store data. Configuration changes are done in the Sentry UI and apply immediately for new events.
 - running a local Relay on your own server between the SDK and Sentry, so that data is not sent to Sentry while configuration can still be applied without deploying.
Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
Our newer SDKs do not purposefully send PII to stay on the safe side. This behavior is controlled by an option called send-default-pii.
Turning this option on is required for certain features in Sentry to work, but also means you will need to be even more careful about what data is being sent to Sentry (using the options below).
If you do not wish to use the default PII behavior, you can also choose to identify users in a more controlled manner, using our user identity context.
Scrubbing Data
SDKs provide a before-send hook, which is invoked before an event is sent and can be used to modify event data to remove sensitive information. Using before-send in the SDKs to scrub any data before it is sent is the recommended scrubbing approach, so sensitive data never leaves the local environment.
In Python a function can be used to modify the event or return a completely new one. If you return None, the event will be discarded.
import sentry_sdk
def strip_sensitive_data(event, hint):
 # modify event here
 return event
There's a few areas you should consider that sensitive data may appear:
 - Stack-locals → some SDKs (Python + PHP), will pick up variable values within the stacktrace. This can be scrubbed or disabled altogether, if necessary
 - Breadcrumbs → some SDKs (for example, JavaScript, Java logging integrations) will pick up previously executed log statements. Do not log PII if using this feature and including log statements as breadcrumbs in the event. Some backend SDKs will surface DB queries which may need to be scrubbed
 - User context → automated behavior is controlled via send-default-pii
 - HTTP context → query strings may be picked up in some frameworks as part of the HTTP request context
For more details, see Filtering Events.
Contextual information
Instead of sending confidential information in plaintext, considering hashing it:
Sentry.setTag("birthday", checksumOrHash("08/12/1990"));
This will allow you to correlate it within internal systems if needed, but keep it confidential from Sentry.
User details
Your organization may determine that emails are not considered confidential, but if they are, consider instead sending your internal identifier:
Sentry.setUser({ id: });
// or
Sentry.setUser({ username: user.username });
Doing this will ensure you still benefit from user-impact related features.
Logging integrations
As a best practice you should always avoid logging confidential information. If you have legacy systems you need to work around, consider the following:
 - Anonymize the confidential information within the log statements (for example, swap out email addresses -> for internal identifiers)
 - Use beforeBreadcrumb to filter it out from breadcrumbs before it is attached
 - Disable logging breadcrumb integration (for example, as described here)
Help improve this content


The students work at two facilities of the company - in Sosnovy Bor (69 people) and the Kaliningrad region (57 people).
Five brigades work in Kaliningrad: "Kariatida" (Rostov Region), "Prospect-15" (Republic of Chuvashia), "PSK-Master" (Nizhny Novgorod Region), "Tesla" (Republic of Tatarstan), "ShSO PGUAS" (Penza Region).
Most of the students were trained to be concrete workers and rebar fitters. Also, the session brigades include ten masons and seven carpenters. The students perform specialized types of work under the supervision of their team leaders.
As part of the employment at JSC CONCERN TITAN-2, the student construction brigades were briefed on occupational health and safety, electrical safety, working at heights, fire safety basics, they received special clothing and personal protective equipment. The company arranged three meals a day for the students. They live in a comfortable hostel and are transported to the facility by a company shuttle bus.
The winter practice shift of the student construction brigades will last until the end of February. The main task for this period is to fulfill all operational tasks set by the employer, strictly observing the labor safety rules.


text:
Bluelab Controllers (24 Hour Management)
A hydroponic Controller is the best investment a grower can make to improve crop performance and to free up their time to focus on other aspects of their business.
No serious commercial grower should be manually dosing their hydroponic tanks.
The nutrient strength and pH level of a tank will be continually fluctuating as the crop feeds and freshwater is added to replace what is used by the plants during transpiration.
Fluctuations in nutrient and pH strength will affect the flavour, texture, growth speed and health of the crop.
Manual dosing is an impractical and inefficient way of keeping on top of these fluctuations and it is also a very time-consuming exercise for the grower.
Manual dosing is also a dangerous activity especially when pH is concerned. Commercial growers simply do not have the time or the patience to manually dose acid correctly for pH control. They have a tendency to add too much acid, or a dose which is too strong in concentration, and not allow sufficient time for it to mix in before the next acid dose is made. As a result, there is a high risk that the pump will suck up a concentrated glob of acid and send this out to the crop where it can cause immediate root damage. The overdose is quickly forgotten by the time the crop shows symptoms of root damage.
Many growers also do not practice the necessary safety procedures when handling or using acid. Only one splash of concentrated acid is enough to cause blindness. It is therefore essential that growers use a drum pump and safety measure device when decanting acid and wear gloves and protective eyewear as well as an apron.
To overcome the various problems associated with manual dosing, an automated dosing controller should be used.
Bluelab makes a range of single function or multifunction dosing controllers to cater for a range of budgets and requirements.
Please click on the links below for more information on the great range of Bluelab Dosing Controllers:

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Elimination of the Negative Effect of Earth Fault Current Higher Frequency on Tripping of Residual Current Devices
Earth fault current frequency exceeding 50/60 Hz has a negative effect on tripping of residual current devices. For higher frequency real tripping current of residual current devices moves towards higher values. In some cases the devices may not operate at all. Main sources of the improper tripping of residual current devices for higher earth fault current frequency are discussed. The solution which makes it possible to eliminate the negative effect of higher frequency is presented. Ill. 10, bibl. 5 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
How to Cite
The copyright for the paper in this journal is retained by the author(s) with the first publication right granted to the journal. The authors agree to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) agreement under which the paper in the Journal is licensed.
By virtue of their appearance in this open access journal, papers are free to use with proper attribution in educational and other non-commercial settings with an acknowledgement of the initial publication in the journal.


text:
There is a phenomenon that when making outgoing call through PSTN trunk on Yeastar S-Series IPPBX and it takes about several seconds before the call is established to the destination number (e.g. Mobile). Is there any way we can improve this? Can we seize the PSTN line more quickly?
General seizing PSTN line method
Creating an outbound route with settings as below, selecting PSTN lines and setting Dial Pattern as "9."' and Strip as "1". Please noted that 9. is an example and the client can set as 8. and others.
1) Dial 9 to seize line, and when you heard the dial tone which will take around 1.7 seconds, and it means Yeastar S-Series IPPB had already seized the PSTN line.
2) Dial the numbers according to your needs.
Improved Seizing PSTN line method
Yeastar S-Series IPPBX can seize the PSTN line immediately and reduce the client waiting time using this method. As the below scenario shown, 501 dial 9 (or dial 9# for faster according to the client needs). Then dial _PHONE_ till you heard the dial tone. More operation please check the below steps.
- Set the outbound route for the last PSTN line.
- Set DISA for the Outbound route "PSTN_outbound".
- Create loop trunk 127.0.0.1, which function is let the outgoing requests back to S series itself.
- Set the outbound route for trunk 127.0.0.1. And please noted that we take 9 to seize PSTN line as an example here.
- Set the inbound route for trunk 127.0.0.1.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


I want to select an imported object and move it to a specific location. The object is imported in an earlier part of the script. After the import i move it with the following part of the script.
import bpy
# Select object i want to move
bpy.data.objects["Cube"].select = True
# Move Origin to geometry and move object to location
bpy.context.object.location[0] = 0
bpy.context.object.location[1] = 0
bpy.context.object.location[2] = 0
bpy.context.object.rotation_euler[0] = 0
bpy.context.object.rotation_euler[1] = 0
bpy.context.object.rotation_euler[2] = 0
When the script is on position bpy.context.object.location[0] = 0 console gives following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'location'
I understand the message, that my Cube has no location attributes. But he must have them. When i select him with right mouse and type bpy.context.object.location[0] = 0, no error is given and he moves to the position i want.
Do i have an error in the selection-part of my script? How can i solve this?
 - 4
 $\begingroup$ To set the context object use context.scene.objects.active = obj setting the select property only makes it one of context.selected_objects. The error was occurring because context.object is None $\endgroup$ – batFINGER Dec 3 '15 at 11:30
When you select multiple objects one of them is highlighted in a lighter colour. This "lighter" object is known as the active object and is the object that bpy.context.object refers to. This active object may be just one of many selected objects that is listed in bpy.context.selected_objects.
When manipulating objects using python the active object can be left undefined or no longer pointing to a valid object. In this situation you will get the 'NoneType' object error which is saying that the variable you used (bpy.context.object) is a NoneType or null and non existent object so has no location attribute (or any other attributes).
Using bpy.context.object and bpy.context.selected_objects are convenience properties that allows a script to dynamically work with the currently selected objects and allow it to differentiate the one active object. An example is the copy attributes addon which can take a property from the active object and apply it to the rest of the selected objects.
If you know the name of the object you want your script to work on then accessing it through bpy.data.objects['name'] will reliably refer to that object every time. If you want to use an operator that works on the active object, then you can set the active object with bpy.context.scene.objects.active = bpy.data.objects['name']
Quick answer from the future: You are using the location as a list or collection [x,y,z], but it's not it's a Vector((x,y,z)) in the console for some reason obj.location[0] = something works, but it's a risky approach. Try this instead:
location = Vector((1,2,3))
obj.location = location
Your Answer


text:
We would like you to take a reading of your school's electricity meter at the start and end of the week prior to launching your Carbon Footprint Awareness Week. This will give you an idea of the number of units of electricity your school uses in a typical week.
During this week you will need to walk round your school between 10.00a.m to 11.00a.m and carry out the survey. It is important that all the schools doing this survey carry it between these times to give a fair comparison.
You will then need to launch your Carbon Footprint Awareness Week promoting as many energy saving ideas as you can (based on some of your findings in your energy survey). Take the electricity meter reading at the beginning of this week and at the end of the week, once again between 10.00a.m and 11.00a.m.
Compare the two readings, work out how many units of electricity you have managed to save, and if you can work out the cost of these units and there contribution to your school's carbon footprint(I will try and find a formula to help you do this)
Once you have carried out your surveys and Awareness Week you will need to publish your results on your school website and email each of the participating schools with your results so that comparisons can be made. It would also be great if we could email each other with any great ideas each school has to reduce their electricity usage. Discuss this project and share your ideas here
Get pupils' classes in school to work out their carbon footprint using the carbon footprint link:
This project leads towards: Earth Day on 27th March Schools Low Carbon Day on 24th June
|Reducing Carbon Footprint- A Health Perspective.ppt 175.0 kB|
|Five Ways to Save The Planet.ppt 65.5 kB|
|How to go Green at home.ppt 65.5 kB|
|Energy Use Survey in JNV Bhiwani India.doc 27.0 kB|
|Our Average CO2 emissions-JNV Bhiwani.doc 20.5 kB|
|Answers to questions of Woodhey High School.doc 29.5 kB|
|What we learnt through participation in Project.doc 24.0 kB|

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The elementary buildings consist of three elementary wings. The back side of each elementary wing has a brick ledge that extends from the slab to just under the windows.
The front side of each elementary wing where students enter the classroom is covered by a 6 foot roof which keeps the sidewalk area dry during rainy weather.
The back side of each wing has no roof or awning to protect the area where the brick ledge meets the windows. Over the past 60 plus years, water has found its way into the wood walls behind the brick ledge on the back side of each elementary wing. Termite damage can occur in any wood structure, but the back side of each elementary wing has sustained termite damage over the past 60 years. Insulation is non-existent in the walls. Windows are 1950's single pane glass. These push-out windows have no rubber strip between the window and window frame to keep air flow from either exiting the classroom or entering the classroom. Windows are a large portion of the exterior walls in the three elementary wings. Existing wiring capacities have reached their limits, and fuses are blown during hot weather when the window unit air conditioners in each room are in use. The fuse box (not breaker box) is located by the band hall and contains 450 amp and 100 amp fuses. Plumbers from Brownwood have been called twice in 2011 to repair/replace existing sewer lines that have failed. Perhaps pictures can allow individuals better insight into our existing elementary school facility.


Sewer vs. Sewist
Article Image
Merriam-Webster cites the first usage of the word "sewer" meaning "one that sews" in the 14th Century.
This may be opening a can of worms, but I'm curious. How do Threads readers refer to themselves in terms of their sewing hobby? Are you a "sewer" or a "sewist"?
According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary and others, the first known use of the word "sewer" to mean "one that sews" occurred in the 14th century. Over time, a variety of terms have evolved to describe those who sew garments. Sewer remains the dominant term, but sewist (combining "sew" with "artist") appears to be gaining popularity, especially among sewing bloggers.
It may seem like a newfangled word created merely to provide a hip label, but the earliest printed usage of sewist was in 1964 in Annals of Science, Volume 18, published by the British Society for the History of Science (although it was not used in a positive light). "Sewist" does not yet have an entry in any dictionary, but when has that prevented a word from being adopted into common usage?
Many people who sew dislike the word "sewist". The reasons I've read and heard vary, but most seem to strongly believe it to be a non-word and a hack-job on the English language. But language is in a constant state of evolution. New words and terms are coined and adapted to help us describe various aspects of our rapidly expanding cultures, societies, and technologies.
Perhaps the sticking point for the anti-"sewist" sewing population is simply that a term describing people who sew is already in widespread usage. Do we need another one?
Those who prefer "sewist" might argue that they do, even if you don't. Perhaps "sewist" infers a more contemporary approach rather than a traditional one? There is also the close resemblance in writing between "sewer" and a word of the same spelling that means "a subterranean conduit that carries off sewage." "Sewist" at least can't be mistaken for that word.
Luckily, there's room for us all, whether we identify as "sewers" or as "sewists". We all love to create through sewing.
How do you describe yourself as a person who sews and a sewing enthusiast? Are you a sewer or a sewist?
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 1. kmarsdenjohnson | | #1
 I like the idea of sewist, an artist who sews. What is the definition of seamstress?
 2. User avater
 2boys2dogs | | #2
 I prefer sewer over sewist, but I wouldn't use either to describe what I do. We used to use seamstress, but I'm not fond of that either - seems a bit old fashioned and geared towards someone who sews just clothing. I actually think we need another term to describe what we do - fabric artist? textile artist? There has to be something better.
 3. Sewinator | | #3
 I like Sewist. When I write the word Sewer, it always reminds me of a drain, and not a good smelling drain. The drain that runs off the house and carries away household waste is also known as a sewer.
 I am a Sewist, or a fabric artist.
 4. elizabethdee | | #4
 I don't like either word. "sewer" is too easily misread for its other meaning, and. "sewist" sounds (to me, this is just a very individual reaction) self-conscious. And no way am I a fabric artist. I prefer to rephrase: I sew, she sews, a group of people who sew.
 5. User avater
 Juleo | | #5
 I'm with _USER_ on this one. I refer to myself as someone who sews, never a sewer. I'm interested in the word'sewist' though, I wouldn't mind seeing it catch on but for the moment it feels too new and contrived for me.
 6. NancyinA2 | | #6
 I use "seamster." I really dislike "sewist." Maybe "sewwer"?
 7. kellybird1954 | | #7
 Simple - I sew, she/he sews, they sew. It's easy to conjugate conrrectly and there is no question about what is being done.
 Sewist sounds contrived and sewer can be misread.
 8. User avater
 ReontheRoad | | #8
 I like sewist. It's modern and as kmarsden says, it is good way of combining and describing one's skills as an artist who sews.
 As a free-lance writer for several sewing publications, I do to use the word sewer, but hate typing and seeing it in print. I automatically think smelly, stinky. I do proudly state that 'I am a person who sews' and of course, if someone asked if I were a sewer, the non-smelling kind, I always answer yes!
 9. beadfisher | | #9
 Seamster. I like it that it sounds like a rough tough teamster rather than a wistful wishy washy sewist.
 10. kathyann | | #10
 I can understand the issue people have with "sewer," but I'm with elizabethdee above who says "sewist" seems too self conscious. If I were to tell my kids I was a sewist, they'd roll their eyes at me, and most people I know wouldn't know what I was talking about. When someone asks about my hobbies, I tell them "I like to sew clothes."
 11. Trixienoe | | #11
 While reading recently I happened across a very old word for seamstress, or one who sews...Sempstress. I like it! My Motto: "Yes I sew, No I don't fix broken zippers or hem pants. I'm an Artist".
 12. wolfkit | | #12
 I have a problem when anybody puts an 'ist' or an 'ism' on the end of any word. It makes them look like the narrow minded extremists that most people are who use these terms to describe themselves.
 13. Serral | | #13
 My grandmother was a professional seamstress. I like the word because it connects me to the history of the craft that I continue to learn. Historically sewing guilds were considered valuable craftspeople. The artistry of good sewing, regardless of the final product, has always been evident.
 We don't call master carpenters a new name despite the evolution of new tools and techniques so why do i need "sewist"? The sewist term seems part of a linguistic trend that includes the redundant and increasingly ubiquitous "istic" and "esque".
 14. bakertoo | | #14
 I like sewer. I like the medieval origins of the word. It can have the unfortunate similarity to the drain analogy, and I kind of think that is funny, a little fun word play! I have an annoucement from a gallery near me that I have tacked to my cork board above my sewing table, that is for a fabric artist, having a show of her stuff, and it simply says Sewer, in black letters on a dingy grey background! It makes me smile when I look at it, and I like that it reminds me of the way we define ourselves and how we can break out of the box a word or a term can enclose us in. Sewist is fine too, and I don't think just because it isn't an official word and not in a dictionary, it should be disregarded. Language evolves with us and by us, and it takes to a new place in defining who we are. It makes me think of the first quilters, who took the quilt to a new place beyond the utilitarian, and made quilting an art form. That was a hard sell to people(I would say mostly men at the time), but it is a given now-art quilts are the norm. And I think I like seamstress too! I guess I like anyway a person defines themselves, as long as they keep on sewing!
 15. georgiana | | #15
 16. User avater
 Djonee | | #16
 Honestly this is the first time Ive read the term Sewist. Though im living in modern times, there something to be said about historical terms..I like seamstress,and sewer.And i too like the motto _USER_.
 17. User avater
 BJ_sews_on | | #17
 Seamstress, sewer... and now sewist! I'll take any of them as long as I can keep sewing. This argument reminds me of an old art school debate on whether crafts were really art. Artists often felt that anything that wasn't an original creation couldn't be described as art.
 So often, we put our own creative


Browse Dictionary by Letter
Dictionary Suite
collapsar a collapsed star that has become a black hole.
collapse to fall down; give way; cave in. [7 definitions]
collapsible able to collapse or be collapsed, esp. for ease in carrying, storing, or the like.
collar the portion of a garment that goes around the neck and is sometimes folded over. [7 definitions]
collarbone either of two bones joining the breastbone and the shoulder blades; clavicle.
collard a type of kale grown for its edible leaves. [2 definitions]
collarless combined form of collar.
collate to stack the pages in the correct order.
collateral extending in parallel or being to the side of. [5 definitions]
collation the act or process of collating. [2 definitions]
colleague someone who shares the same profession, work, or employer.
collect to gather together or assemble. [8 definitions]
collectable combined form of collect.
collected in control; self-possessed; calm. [2 definitions]
collectible likely to be collected, as by a connoisseur or hobbyist. [2 definitions]
collection the act of collecting. [3 definitions]
collective formed by collecting; combined to make a whole. [4 definitions]
collectivism the doctrine or practice of centralized economic control, esp. of the means of production. [3 definitions]
collectivize to organize or reorganize (an economy, business, or industry) based on collective ownership and control of the means of production and distribution.


Tennessee State Motto
South Dakota Motto
Agriculture and Commerce
The state motto of Tennessee is "Agriculture and Commerce." It is taken from words on the Tennessee state seal and was formally adopted in 1987.
The significance of the motto can be understood while looking at Tennessee's economic growth. The state is one of the most agriculturally diverse states in the country due to its rich soil, good climate, and rainfall. Not only does the terrain range from mountains to hills to flatlands so does the kind of agriculture made possible there. East Tennessee is populated with livestock and dairies while middle Tennessee is greener with its orchards, nurseries, and vegetable production, and western Tennessee tends to various crops.


Friday, September 13, 2024
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HomeBlogCan You Paint Pla 3d Printed Objects
Can You Paint Pla 3d Printed Objects
Title: Can You Paint Pla 3D printed Objects?
Can You Paint Pla 3d Printed Objects
(Can You Paint Pla 3d Printed Objects)
Imagine getting lost on a busy road and trying to find your way back home, but the sky is full of buildings that you can't see or hear anymore because they're all painted into place by pla 3D printing technology. You can use this technology to create things like furniture, vehicles, even buildings yourself! But what if these structures have spaces for people too?
That's where Pla 3D printing comes in. This type of manufacturing technology uses high-tech machines to print plastic parts that come together without any physical connections. When you apply a layer of plastic onto the surface of an object, it hardens until the metal threads connect to the underlying structure.
For example, imagine that you want to build a bed from plastic material. Instead of just using some pipes to fill it up with plastic, you could use pla 3D printing to create a bed that fits your body perfectly. The end result would be a bed made of plastic, but it would look like a real bed!
Pla 3D printing has revolutionized manufacturing, and it's becoming increasingly popular around the world. People can now create intricate and detailed objects without having to rely on traditional methods like hand painting or welding. This technology has many potential applications, from creating furniture and vehicles to designing complex machinery and structures.
But as with any new technology, there are some challenges associated with using it. For example, pla 3D printing requires special tools and equipment to work properly, which can be expensive to acquire and maintain. Additionally, there may be concerns about the safety of creating large amounts of plastic parts, as they can be dangerous to operate.
Can You Paint Pla 3d Printed Objects
(Can You Paint Pla 3d Printed Objects)
Despite these challenges, there are also endless possibilities for the future of pla 3D printing. With continued advances in technology, it's likely that we will see more advanced versions of this technology that allow us to create truly life-like objects. And who knows what other innovations will arise in the field of 3D printing in the coming years? Only time will tell what kind of amazing things we'll be able to create in the future!
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Muscle Building In The UAE – Reps & Sets
Muscle Building In The UAE – Reps & Sets
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Muscle Building In Abu Dhabi – Have you ever wondered which is more important when it comes to reps and sets?
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tips for building muscle and body toning in the uae
As part of your muscle building training in Abu Dhabi you will know what reps and sets are, but, is one more important than the other?
Personal Trainer Q & A Category: Muscle Building Techniques
How many reps and sets should you do for a particular exercise?
Even if you've been muscle building training for some time you need to know how reps and sets effect your efforts in the gym in the UAE.
In this article we aim to explain what the difference is between reps and sets and find out if one is more important than the other.
We asked a professional muscle building personal trainer in Abu Dhabi for his advice and tips about reps and sets.
In the world of exercise and training we often here about 'reps and sets' As a personal trainer in Abu Dhabi can you explain what these two phrases mean?

In an exercise routine sets refers to the amount of times you will repeat a specific exercise and reps refers to the amount of repetitions you will complete of that specific exercise.
For example if your workout routine in Abu Dhabi says to do 3 sets of 10 reps on the Incline Bench press. You would complete 10 reps of that specific exercise, take a rest, add some weight or keep it the same depending on the difficulty and then repeat 10 reps again.
You would repeat this cycle 3 times and then move on to the next exercise in your routine.

In body toning and muscle building are the number of reps or the number of sets more important?

When it comes to muscle building or body toning in the UAE I don't believe that reps or sets are more important than the other.
Whats more important is making sure that your training has a constant progression in intensity.
For example if you were to go in to the gym day in and day out doing the same number of sets and reps for each exercise with no increase in weight then your unlikely to see any kind of progression in yourself.
However if you were to start doing a certain exercise for 3 sets of 10 reps and in each training session increased this, for example, 3 sets of 12 then 3 sets of 15, then adding a set making it 4 sets of 15.
Constant progression in each session will lead to steady progress in gaining strength and muscle mass and improving your overall physical development.
This along with good nutrition will help with reaching your body goals. Your personal trainer can provide more advice.
That being said if you are looking to increase muscular size and strength I would look at working in the 6-8 reps range for 3 sets and progress in weight and sets from there.
Resting 2-5 minutes between sets to allow your muscles to recover before the next heavy set.
For muscular endurance and body toning I would focus more on lifting in the 10-15 reps range for 3 sets and progressing in weight from there.
Resting for a shorter period between 30 seconds and 1 minute. Here you would be lifting lighter weights than the above style of training.

For clarification, can you provide some examples of exercise types that require the client to document the number of reps and sets?

You should document the number of reps and sets completed for all the training that you do as long as its easily measurable.
In a crossfit class, or group circuit class in the UAE it would be difficult to record all the reps and sets that you did so in such situations it wouldn't be necessary.
However, in any kind of strength training, for example a leg day in the gym lifting weights and using resistance machines I would highly recommend recording the weights, reps and sets that you do in each workout.
This means when it comes to training legs again you know what you did in the last session and it will make it easier for you to add some kind of progression to your workout, be it weight lifted or reps executed or sets done.
So, in summary, use the following guide when using the reps and sets method during your training in the UAE

 1. Reps and Sets work in unison together
 2. They change depending on your training goals
 3. One is not more important than the other
 4. Document your training when using Reps & Sets as a reminder
 5. Steadily increase your Reps & Sets depending on your goals

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Personal Trainers In The UAE For Muscle Building
Abu Dhabi Female Trainer Moji – Private & Group PT
Moji is a professional female PT in Abu Dhabi with excellent skills in private and group coaching for many different fitness goals. She will help you break bad habits and look forward to fun and results drive exercise.
Dubai Female PT Dragana
Train at home or other locations in Dubai with Dragana. Programs and packages for body slimming, strength training. bootcamp for rapid weight loss and more. Adult, children and senior fitness in Dubai.
Abu Dhabi Boxing, Kickboxing & Personal Trainer – Hassan
If you want to learn boxing, use boxing for fitness or even kickboxing for weight management – Hassan can help. He is qualified to provide training to adults and children at home in Abu Dhabi.
Abu Dhabi Female PT & Nutrition Coach – Veronika
Veronika is an at home female personal trainer based in Abu Dhabi. She can provide weight loss, body toning and specialist nutrition plans on a 1-2-1 or group basis.
On Demand Fitness Coaching In Abu Dhabi – Maria Inglis
On Demand fitness and wellness training in Abu Dhabi takes the stress out of regular health and fitness training. Train at home with Maria, a specialist in online fitness coaching for weight loss, body toning and overall wellness.
Female Personal Trainer Abu Dhabi – Olena
Providing weight and obesity management training in Abu Dhabi are Olena's specialist areas. Using a variety of training techniques your weight loss goals (short and long term) will be met in full. She understands that changing your lifestyle routine is an important part of reaching your goals.
Abu Dhabi Female PT & Nutrition Coach – Loubna
Whether you want to lose weight or improve your physique. Loubna can help with fat loss, HIIT exercise, muscle building, specialist nutrition plans and pre and post natal exercise in Abu Dhabi.
Personal Trainer Abu Dhabi – Claudia – Kickboxing – MMA
Claudia is a Mixed Martial Arts specialist with a passion kickboxing for ladies. You don't need martial arts experience to enjoy the benefits that MMA can provide which include weight loss, body toning, strength and more. If ZUMBA appeals to you Claudia can provide Zumba classes in Abu Dhabi too.
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Monday, May 21, 2007
Wind brings warmer temperatures to Summit
It has been windy for the past 3 days and this has kept the nighttime temperatures warmer here. Winds have also reduced visibility and caused some drifting (see above). Notice the UH flag. I am curious to see how long it lasts if the winds keep blowing. Winds have died off a bit for the past 6 hours. Wind direction has also changed, have been getting some Northerly and now Easterly winds.
The NOAA Atmospheric Watch Observatory (AWO) measures the air temperature 2 and 8 meters above the snow. The first 10 days of our project were quite sunny and at night the atmosphere was well stratified. Notice how the 8 m air is much warmer at night while the 2 m air temperatures cool down to below -35C.
Winds were typically 3 to 7 m/s for first 10 days, and have been mostly above 6 m/s for last 3 days. Higher winds at night have done a good job of mixing the air, keeping the surface (2 m) air temperature from getting so cold. This has made it much easier to sleep. During the day the temperatures feel about the same, especially when you consider the windchill factor.
Posted by Barry Lefer at 9:54 PM


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Water at the heart of science
From the Mediterranean basin to the valleys of the Andes, the exhibition "Water at the heart of science" presents some of the main French research projects in the field of water. Richly illustrated and educational, it leads to a better understanding of the role of research in the sustainable management of water, a vital resource that is essential to development.
The exhibition was prepared for the International Year of Water Cooperation 2013. It is co-produced by the Institut Français, the IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement) and the Centre de Culture scientifique et technique de la région Centre. Premiered at UNESCO for the official launch of the International Year for Water Cooperation, it will be shown around the world throughout the year in the institutions of the French cultural network.
|Type of Event||Exhibition|
|Start||11.02.2013 08:00 local time|
|End||11.02.2013 17:00 local time|
|Date to be fixed||1|
|Focal point||Kavuma Lwanga, Barbara|
|Street||7, place de Fontenoy|
|Room||Foyer Room I|
|Permanent Delegation Contact||Permanent Delegation of the French Republic to UNESCO|
|Language of Event||English, French|
|Estimated number of participants|
|Link 1||Launch of the International Year of Water Cooperation 2013|


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Vs > Great Falls, Montana
Hua Hin vs Great Falls, Montana Climate & Distance Between
Hua Hin vs Cordoba Obs, Argentina
Hua Hin vs Gisborne, New Zealand
Hua Hin vs Cortina D'Ampezzo, Italy
Hua Hin vs Uummannaq, Greenland
Great Falls, Montana vs Guangzhou, China
Great Falls, Montana vs Shendi, Sudan
Great Falls, Montana vs Espinosa, Brazil
Great Falls, Montana vs Strasbourg, France
San J. Matas vs Bari/ Palese Macchie
Jacobina vs Columbia, South Carolina
M. Calamita vs Vicosa
Tooele, Ut vs Resia Pass
- The distance between Hua Hin, Thailand and Great Falls, Montana, Usa is approximately 12,650 km or 7,861 mi.
- To reach Hua Hin in this distance one would set out from Great Falls, Montana bearing 326.3° or NNW and follow the great circles arc to approach Hua Hin bearing 202.6° or SSW .
- Hua Hin has a tropical wet and dry/ savanna climate with dry winters (Aw) whereas Great Falls, Montana has a warm summer continental/ hemiboreal climate with no dry season (Dfb).
- Hua Hin is in or near the tropical moist forest biome whereas Great Falls, Montana is in or near the cool temperate steppe biome.
- The annual mean temperature is 20.4 °C (36.7°F) warmer.
- Average monthly temperatures vary by 22 °C (39.6°F) less in Hua Hin. The continentality subtype is truly hyperoceanic as opposed to subcontinental.
- Total annual precipitation averages 612.7 mm (24.1 in) more which is equivalent to 612.7 l/m² (15.04 US gal/ft²) or 6,127,000 l/ha (655,017 US gal/ac) more. About 2 3/5 as much.
- The altitude of the sun at midday is overall 30.2° higher in Hua Hin than in Great Falls, Montana.
Climate Comparison Table
The table shows values for Hua Hin relative to Great Falls, Montana. You can also view this comparison the other way around from the perspective of Great Falls, Montana vs Hua Hin
|Average Temperature °C ( °F)
|Average Precipitation mm (in)
|| -10 (0)
|| -1 (0)
|| -1 (0)
|| -3 (0)
|Average Daylight Hours & Minutes/ Day
|Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day (°)
There are so many comparison pages. Please post a link to one to help people find them:
Hua Hin vs Ittoqqortoormiit, Scoresbysund, Greenland
Hua Hin vs Eyrewell Forest, New Zealand
Hua Hin vs Biskra, Algeria
Hua Hin vs Minamitorishima, Japan
Great Falls, Montana vs Imbert, Dominican Republic
Great Falls, Montana vs Prachin Buri, Thailand
Great Falls, Montana vs Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Great Falls, Montana vs Washington, District Of Columbia, Usa
Zugspitze vs Cabrobo
Chiclayo vs Puerto Cabezas
Tegucigalpa vs Melilla
Erlian vs Joao Pessoa
Hua Hin vs Great Falls, Montana Discussion
You are welcome to incorporate your thoughts on the differences in climate or other matters such as contrasts in culture, standard of living, demographics etc.
Currently under general maintenance.|
Climate Guides for Locations near Hua Hin
Climate Guides for Locations near Great Falls, Montana
- Big Trout Lake, On, Canada - 332.1 kms (206.4 miles) NNW
- Lethbridge (Cda), Ab, Canada - 267.5 kms (166.2 miles) NNW
- Libby, Mt, Usa - 327.9 kms (203.7 miles) WNW
- Kalispell, Montana, Usa - 234.5 kms (145.7 miles) WNW
- Augusta, Mt, Usa - 71.9 kms (44.7 miles) SW
- Missoula, Mt, Usa - 214.7 kms (133.4 miles) WSW
- Helena, Mt, Usa - 109.3 kms (67.9 miles) SSW
- Dillon, Mt, Usa - 303.3 kms (188.5 miles) SSW
- Medicine Hat, Ab, Canada - 285.9 kms (177.7 miles) N
- Sachs Harbour, Nt, Canada - 215.2 kms (133.7 miles) NNE
- Manyberries, Alberta, Canada - 193.4 kms (120.2 miles) NNE
- Billings/ Logan, Mt, Usa - 286 kms (177.7 miles) SE
- Red Lodge, Mt, Usa - 302.9 kms (188.2 miles) SSE
- Livingston, Mt, Usa - 277.6 kms (172.5 miles) S
- Yellowstone Park, Wyoming, Usa - 284.5 kms (176.8 miles) S


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The University of Gothenburg tackles society's challenges with diverse knowledge. Strong research and attractive study programmes attract scientists and students from around the world. With new knowledge and new perspectives, the University contributes to a better future.
About the position:
- Research and graduate education at the Department of Chemistry and Molecular biology comprises a wide scientific field from the atomic and molecular levels all the way through cells to intact organisms.
- Much of the phenomena studied here impact on our natural environment and living systems.
- We participate in undergraduate programs in chemistry, molecular biology, medicinal chemistry, biology, marine sciences, and pharmacy.
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is an actively developing biophysical technique that provides atomic-level information about spatial structure, dynamics, and interactions of key molecular components of a living cell.
- Our group at the Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and the Swedish NMR Centre is the forefront of developing new NMR experiments, signal processing algorithms, automation of data analysis.
- To qualify as a postdoc, the applicant must have completed a Swedish doctoral degree or must have a foreign degree corresponding to a Swedish doctoral degree.
- You have a PhD in chemistry, physics, or biology and a solid background in solution state bimolecular NMR spectroscopy; knowledge in NMR theory and experiment.
How to Apply:
- In order to apply for a position at the University of Gothenburg, you have to register an account in our online recruitment system.
- It is the responsibility of the applicant to ensure that the application is complete in accordance with the instructions in the job advertisement, and that it is submitted before the deadline.
- The selection of candidates is made on the basis of the qualifications registered in the application.
|Originations||University of Gothenburg|
|Type of position||Postdoctoral|
|Subject areas||Chemistry ,Molecular biology, marine sciences, and pharmacy|


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First Low-Cost And Simple Technology Accurately Diagnoses Malaria In Field Settings Without Blood Collection, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Reveals
5/6/2011 8:35:14 AM
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev researcher Alberto Bilenca, Ph.D., has been awarded a prestigious grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop a fast, low-cost device to accuracy diagnose malaria without the need for blood collection in field settings. Bilenca's project is based on a standard camera cellphone and a red laser pointer that can noninvasively obtain finger blood perfusion images with excellent resolution and contrast in less of a second. It uses the principles of optical polarization/speckle and cellphone technology built into a portable probe that creates images that detect malaria pigment (hemozoin crystals) in blood as well as micro-obstructions in the circulatory system that result from the infection.


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Research project: Tunnels for the citizen Sub project H: Technical installations. Particle Cleaning in Norwegian Road Tunnels
Norway's road network has become more and more dependent on tunnels. The challenge of planning and construction of road tunnels in urban areas implies an environmentally friendly approach. Particle cleaning of the air in long and heavily trafficked tunnels in densely populated areas have been used in Norway for more than ten years. It has been seen as a possible measure, both for improving the visibility in the tunnels and for reducing the disharge to the air, both inside and outside the tunnels. Three different types of layout system for particle cleaning equipment have been used in Norway. This paper discuss the experience and status for the particle cleaning technology since the opening of the sub-sea "Oslo Tunnel" in 1989. In general, there is no principal difference between the use of a particle cleaning system in ordinary or subsea road tunnels.
Transport og kommunikasjon


Burial Grounds Search.
Stone No.450-2
Erected by David Tulloch, Hatmaker, Dundee, and his wife Marjory Rattray, in memory of their daughter Margaret, who died 16th May 1835, aged 17 months.
Describe who can those worlds of light,
Those realms of endless day,
Where from the scenes of gloomy night,
She winged her joyful way.
Also their son David who died 4th Octr 1843 in the 27th year of his age. The above David Tulloch died 29th Jany 1849 aged 65 years. the above Margaret Rattray died 22nd March 1864 aged 70 years and was interred in the Western Cemetery.
reproduced with kind permission.


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The news that has emerged is that the work on the new second pipeline from Chembarambakkam reservoir in the Kancheepuram district to the drinking water pumping station of Metro water at Koyambedu is in its final stages. It is now brought to light that after the completion of work the residents in south Chennai would be able to get water pumped from the reservoir in Chembarambakkam.
The water treatment plant at Chembarambakkam could treat and supply 560 MLD of water per day. This was according to a senior officer from the CMWD. Currently, with a single pipeline, only 265 MLD is being treated and distributed. It is noteworthy that to increase the supply quantity from Chembarambakkam it was proposed that a second pipe be laid. In 2022, the work on the new second pipeline began at a cost of Rs 44.33 crores. Till now, 75% works have been completed.
It must be taken into account that a portion of the pipeline is cutting across the Chennai- Bengaluru national highway. A state of art technology would be used to lay a 3000mm diameter pipeline at a depth of 20m. By this, road cutting could be avoided. After this, there would be an embedding of another pipeline with a diameter of 2000mm.


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Washington, DC Weather
Washington, DC climate is warm during summer when temperatures tend to be in the 70's and very cold during winter when temperatures tend to be in the 30's.
The warmest month of the year is July with an average maximum temperature of 88.30 degrees Fahrenheit, while the coldest month of the year is January with an average minimum temperature of 27.30 degrees Fahrenheit.
Temperature variations between night and day tend to be fairly limited during summer with a difference that can reach 18 degrees Fahrenheit, and fairly limited during winter with an average difference of 16 degrees Fahrenheit.
The annual average precipitation at Washington is 39.35 Inches. Rainfall in is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year. The wettest month of the year is May with an average rainfall of 3.82 Inches.
Moon, Sunrise and Sunset
|Moon Phase: Waning Gibbous Moon||Civil Twilight:
5:16 AM EDT
5:47 AM EDT
8:22 PM EDT
8:53 PM EDT


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Name Martyna
Origin: From a Latin word for Mars
Gender: female
Languages of use: Polish
US 2015 rank: not in the Top 1000
Generate: Twitter-able text SMS text
Martyna is a member of the name group Martin/Martina:
Language of origin: Latin
Info, male:
from a Roman cognomen Martinus which derives from the name of the Roman god of war, Mars
known from Saint Martin who shared his cloak with a beggar (4th century AD)
until now there were 5 popes with this name
Words: mars = Mars Latin
Search again


text:
, Idaho 83844
When sending your plant and note, please place in a reinforced package and do not bend after pressing. Remember, the pressed plant is very fragile.
Pressing plants is an inexpensive and effective method for preserving plants for later identification. The primary instrument used to press plants is a plant press. A plant press is traditionally constructed of two metal or wood grid frames approximately 12 X 18 inches. Inside each of the frames is a series of corrugated cardboard ventilators and paper blotters. The cardboard is approximately 1/8 inch thick. Paper blotters can be purchased from botanical supply houses, or folded newspaper can be used. The cardboard ventilators allow for airflow through the press, and the blotters hasten drying by removing moisture from the plant. The press is closed and pressurized by two belts around the outside. If you do not have a plant press, a good, heavy hardcover book will often suffice.
Place the plant in a half sheet of black ink newspaper. Do not use colored newsprint or it will color the specimen. Write your name, the date, and the location where the plant was found on the edge of the newspaper. (Please do not write on the print. It will be hard to read your notations.) Arrange the plant on a quarter sheet of newspaper so that the flowers are open, and the fruits and leaves are well displayed. All parts of the plant should be on the quarter sheet. Fold the other portion of the newspaper on top of your plant. Place the newspaper with the plant between two blotter sheets. Place the blotters with the plant between two cardboard ventilators. Finally, place the plant with the blotters and the ventilators between the frames and strap the press together. You can put several plant specimens into your press at one time. The press should be organized by ventilator – blotter – plant – blotter – ventilatorblotter – plant – blotterventilator – etc. Place your press in a warm, dry area with good airflow. The back window of your car often works. You may need to replace the blotters occasionally to facilitate drying.
Be careful handling the plants when they are pressed. They are very fragile.
- How to Identify Plants, H.D. Harrington and L.W. Durrell, Swallow Press. (1957).
- Contemporary Plant Systematics, D.W. Woodland, Prentice-Hall, Inc. (1991).


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How to Pair Apple Watch to iPhone XR
Pairing a new iPhone with your Apple Watch should be an effortless task. You just need an Apple Watch app on your iOS device, and you can automatically pair the two devices.
However, since the XR is the most recent iPhone version, there are still some issues when pairing it with other devices, the Apple Watch included.
There are two methods to pair the iPhone XR and Apple Watch – manually and automatically. This article will guide you through both and offer solutions for some potential pairing issues you may encounter.
Step 1: Prepare Your Watch and Your iPhone
Before you pair the two devices, make sure that they're well-prepared to avoid any inconvenience. These are the things that you need to check:
- Check if your iOS device is working on the latest system version. If it isn't, there's a chance that the system won't recognize the Apple Watch. To prevent this, update your iPhone before you proceed.
- Go to the Settings app on your iPhone.
- Tap 'Bluetooth.'
- Toggle Bluetooth on.
- Connect to a Wi-Fi or a cellular network.
- Hold the power button on the Apple Watch to turn it on.
- Make sure that both devices have enough battery.
- Move the devices closer to one another to ensure pairing.
Step 2: Pair Your Apple Watch and iPhone
The pairing process should be straightforward. Follow these instructions:
- Open the Apple Watch app on your iPhone XR.
- Press the 'Start Pairing' option. A pairing window should appear on the screen.
- Follow the on-screen instructions closely to pair the devices. You'll need to move the iPhone's camera to the Apple Watch display.
- Once the devices pair, you'll get a notification.
If you fail to pair the devices automatically, you can always use the manual method. It involves a few more steps, but it will ensure that the devices are successfully paired.
- Select the 'i' icon on your Apple Watch screen.
- Check or set a new device name for your watch.
- Select a wrist.
- Hit 'Set Up as New' (or 'Restore from Backup' if you've done this already) on your iPhone.
- Select right or left wrist on your iPhone.
- When prompted, agree to the terms and conditions.
- Enter your Apple ID.
- Allow access to all mandatory apps (Siri, diagnostics, iCloud).
- Set a password for your watch via your iPhone. You can pick between a regular password, long password, or no password at all. If you choose to set a password, you'll need to do it via the Apple Watch.
Once you set everything up, a pop-up window will appear to confirm the setup. After you've done this, your Apple Watch will remain unlocked as long as it's on your wrist. If it's not, you'll have to unlock it again when you put it back on. Also, when you unlock your phone, you'll also unlock the watch.
Step 3: Sync your Apps
When you pair your devices, you may choose to sync all the apps. This way, your watch will download and update all the apps that you already have on your iPhone, albeit in their watch version. If you refuse, you'll be able to install them manually whenever you like.
If you confirm, wait for the devices to sync. It can be a long process, especially if you have plenty of apps on your iPhone. Keep your devices close to each other until the syncing is done.
What If the Devices Won't Connect?
In some instances, the devices may not recognize each other. Usually, a simple restart should help, but there are other solutions you may find useful.
Forget the Apple Watch
If your devices could pair before but suddenly not anymore, you may unpair them and then try again.
- Open the Apple Watch app on your iPhone XR.
- Select the 'My Watch' tab.
- Choose your watch.
- Tap the information ('i' icon) next to that watch.
- Select 'Unpair Apple Watch.'
- Press 'Unpair' again to confirm.
- Restart the iPhone and the pairing should start automatically. Keep both devices close and a notification to set up an Apple Watch should appear.
- Select 'Continue.'
If the message doesn't appear, you can open the Apple Watch app and manually select the 'Start Pairing' option.
Reset Connection Settings
Tweaked network settings can interfere with device pairing, especially automatic software updates which usually override the initial settings. You may try to reset these to default and try to pair the devices again.
- Tap on Settings on your iPhone XR.
- Choose 'General.'
- Tap 'Reset.'
- Find 'Reset Network Settings.'
- Enter your ID and password.
- Confirm the network reset.
Back-Up and Restore
Once you unpair the Apple Watch from your iPhone XR, all the apps and data will be erased. You'll have to start everything from scratch and pair the devices again following the instructions from this article.
However, your iPhone XR will keep a backup of all the Apple Watch data, so if you want to restore it after pairing, you may choose this option too. This way, you'll remain secure if you accidentally unpair your devices.
Did you encounter any problems while pairing these two devices? How did you solve them? Share your experiences in the comments below.


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Who said that school and business meetings have to be boring? Drawings are quick and easy ways to display information without the buttoned-up feel of graphs and tables. Here, we'll learn how to add and use Microsoft PowerPoint's dedicated Draw tab. You will also learn how to add your own drawings.
Studies over the years have proven that visual data aids in retention when delivering a message. For this reason, everyone from teachers to professional speakers tend to make use of images, drawings, or short videos to drive points home when giving a presentation. A drawing in PowerPoint is a great way to grab attention.
Using the Draw feature allows you to add these visual elements once you know how to find the correct tab in PowerPoint. While it's not immediately obvious how to use the feature, you're only a few clicks away from first adding the tab, and then drawing in PowerPoint.
How to add the draw tab to PowerPoint
1. To activate the Draw Tab, right-click anywhere on your PowerPoint ribbon. Then, select Customize the Ribbon from the context menu that appears. This step will open the PowerPoint options window in the Customize Ribbon tab.
2. Next, tick the checkbox beside Draw under the Customize Ribbon section. Finally, click OK. You should notice that a new tab with the name Draw has been added to your PowerPoint Ribbon.
How to draw in PowerPoint
1. To start drawing on PowerPoint, go to the Draw tab at the top of the application.
2. Select your preferred drawing medium under the Drawing Tools section. By default, you can choose between a black pen, a red pen, and a yellow highlighter.
3. To modify your drawing tools, right-click any of them and select either Modify Tool or Add Another Tool.


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F40 – the group that has fought for fair funding for schools in England for over two decades – has published a Briefing Paper outlining its current position in relation to the national funding formula for schools and will present it to Members of Parliament on Monday 15 October.
Following the introduction of the government's new national funding formula (NFF) in April, f40 has reviewed its position and agreed the main elements of future campaigning aimed at achieving further improvements to the formula.
"F40 welcomed the government's commitment via the NFF to a fairer system for allocating school funding, and the extra £1.3billion made available for schools between 2018 and 2020," said Ivan Ould, who chairs the group and is also Lead Member for Children and Families at Leicestershire County Council.
"But f40 has fundamental concerns about the NFF and believes it has failed to deliver the level of fairness of funding allocation that is required and there is unanimous recognition within our membership that there is still more work to do to tackle remaining locked-in inequalities."
The main issues raised by f40 are:
- f40 seeks a significant increase in the amount invested in education funding to meet the cost pressures facing all schools. The government must take account of f40's index linked activity-led formula which sets out the true costs of delivering to Ofsted standards. This clearly shows the real cost of running a school. f40 believes the current funding shortfall in schools is £2bn pa.
- Funding continues to be allocated on an historic basis and the average of decisions made in the past by local authorities that had different spending powers. There is no rationale or understanding of the needs of children or schools. f40 continues to argue that an index-linked activity-led formula is the only way to ensure sufficient funding in the system, which is correctly balanced to meet needs. This would allow for future changes of policy direction and allow the creation of a world class system of education to allow our pupils to compete in the post-Brexit age with the rest of the world. Index linking means that the activity-led formula can keep pace with the cost changes as they occur. We will present our updated modelling to the government this month.
- f40 seeks a review of the amount of funding for basic entitlement (core costs such as teachers and heating) relative to the educational additional needs. Core costs must be sufficient to run the school before the costs of additional support are added to school budget. An NFF underpinned by an index-linked activity-led formula could achieve this.
- A key principle for the NFF was that pupils of similar characteristics should attract similar levels of funding wherever they are in the country (allowing for the area cost adjustment). Therefore, NFF should be applied to all schools on a consistent basis. However, the protections applied, such as the 0.5% funding floor, 'lock in' some of the historical differences. Transition to the new formula is sensible but locking in past inequalities is not.
- The Minimum Funding Level (MFL) is applied to bring schools up to an artificial minimum level, but schools with pupils with few additional needs are being funded at the same level of funding as a school with a greater number of additional needs pupils. This is not fair. An activity-led NFF should undertake this role. If the Minimum Funding Level is to stay, then it should be fairly applied to take account of the additional educational needs of individual schools.
- The NFF needs to cover all the funding for mainstream schools, not just the pupil-led elements. NFF has elements that are individual to each school e.g. business rates and sparsity. Funding for these cannot continue to be based upon historical costs. Exceptional premises should be funded at realistic, not historical levels. f40 believes that all schools should be exempted from business rates with a one-off compensating cost adjustment nationally for local government.
- f40 seeks continued funding flexibility to support specific local issues or organisational requirements. The government should allow an element/percentage of the formula to be targeted using local discretion (via the Schools Forum or similar representative group).
- f40 seeks to see plans for the funding formula beyond 2020. We require the establishment of rolling 3-4 year budget settlements for schools which are inflation-proofed, including funding for cost-of-living increases.
- f40 seeks an appropriate quantum of funding be made available for the high needs block. An immediate injection of new funding, estimated on increased costs and demand since 2015, of at least £1.5bn pa. is required. High needs funding supports the most vulnerable pupils in our schools: those with complex SEN, those who are excluded or at risk of exclusion and those that cannot access education for medical reasons. Demand for high needs funding is out-stripping the budgets available. Complexity of the high needs services demanded by children (and their parents) is far greater than just a few years ago: more accurate medical assessment and improved methods of treatment increase demand still further. The high needs crisis has been created in part by the continued use of historic funding levels. Short-term attempts to fix the problem are woefully inadequate. We also want to see the introduction of an annual index-linked review for this block and we request a review of SEN policy and guidance to help manage down demand more effectively.
- f40 seeks a review of the early years national formula to make it fit for future use. An increase in the quantum of funding for early years providers is needed to take account of the pressures of the living wage and the impact of 30 hours. We also seek an annual index-linked review for this block.
- f40 seeks clarity on the way that the Central Schools Services Block will work. It should be index linked to meet increasing costs.
- f40 wants to see parity with Multi Academy Trusts with them being held more accountable, especially with regard to pay and distribution of funding between individual academies in the MAT. An NFF means equality for all schools, including those in MATS.
- f40 seeks a review of the way that Home to School Transport is funded and used. Government needs to recognise the real impact of reducing school transport on pupil choices.
Cllr Ould continued: "Implementation of the NFF has clearly had more to do with stability and the protection of schools against loss, rather than creating a fairer funding system across all schools and local authorities. We contend that an additional funding is needed along with an additional "F" to create a new NFFF – a National Fair Funding Formula.
"In essence the government failed to effectively deal with the core problems associated with the fair funding of our schools. Therefore, the job isn't finished and f40 has no choice but to continue to campaign for further change to assist our schools with very low levels of funding."


What Is The Security Guard Meaning?
What is full form security?
Full form of Security is: S-Sensible.
E-Efficient in work.
What are the qualities of a good security guard?
Qualities of a Good Security GuardObservation skills. … Honesty and integrity. … Ability to lead and work in a team. … Communication skills and empathy. … Conciliatory attitude. … Hard-working and flexible. … Physical fitness.
What are personnels?
noun. a body of persons employed in an organization or place of work. (used with a plural verb) persons: All personnel are being given the day off. personnel department.
What are the 3 types of security?
Why is security important?
Obligation to clients and customers: When your business takes a customer's data, you're obligated to do your best to keep that data safe and secure. A data center that takes compliance and physical security seriously helps fulfill this promise, keeping data safe from natural and physical threats to data centers.
What is the meaning of security personnel?
Security Personnel means special agents employed by a railroad or public utility to perform police functions: guards of armored car companies, watchmen, security guards and persons regularly employed in a commercial or industrial operation for the protection of persons employed by or property related to such commercial …
What is the spelling of security guard?
noun. a uniformed guard employed by a bank, airport, office building, etc., to maintain security.
What is difference between security guard and security officer?
There is no difference just officer sounds more professional. In layman's terms, a typical security guard is unarmed and a security officer is armed. … Due to being armed, there are more risks with being a security officer than with a security guard, which can also be a deterrent for some companies/individual(s).
What is security and types of security?
What is the meaning of security?
noun, plural se·cu·ri·ties. freedom from danger, risk, etc.; safety. freedom from care, anxiety, or doubt; well-founded confidence. something that secures or makes safe; protection; defense. freedom from financial cares or from want: The insurance policy gave the family security.
What is the role of a security guard?


text: The NEWS-G collaboration employs Spherical Proportional Counters (SPCs) to search for low-mass dark matter. Their excellent sensitivity to the minute energy depositions expected from light dark matter scattering make SPCs fundamentally well-suited for this task, but demands exquisite understanding of the detector response at the level of single electron/ion pair events. A novel UV laser calibration system has been developed to address this need, allowing for precision measurements of the single electron response of SPCs, which are presented here. Additionally, this calibration system is shown to be ideal for several other key tasks, including measuring the trigger efficiency of SPCs, and monitoring detector stability in real time. The UV laser was also used together with a low energy Ar-37 source to measure the mean ionization energy in a Ne + 2% CH4 gas mixture, demonstrating its future applicability for measuring fundamental gas properties. Bolstered by these results, the UV-laser calibration system will play a crucial role in the next phase of the NEWS-G experiment at SNOLAB.


Use an OOTB widget or create a new one? - Akumina Community
Use an OOTB widget or create a new one?
You are here:
Estimated reading time: 9 min
We have three options for widgets with Digital Workplace Framework:
 - Existing Control
 - Generic List Control (GLC)
 - Custom Widget
When we determine our approach we will need to ask the following questions:

Consider the following use cases to help you better understand the Widget Design decision making process.
Use Case 1
Jim has been tasked with building a FAQ page for his company's Sales Team. After meeting with them, the Sales Team gives Jim the following requirements
 - Sales team members need to be able to do all content management for the FAQ within AppManager
 - Questions can be edited
 - Answers can be edited
 - Questions can be archived, meaning they will not show up on the page but they will remain in the system
Now that Jim has his requirements he is ready to go through the Widget Decision Tree to design his widget.

Does the functionality of the proposed control resemble that of an existing control?
Jim opens up the widget manager and searches through the widget instances. He notices an instance of the GenericList widget called Finance-FAQ-FAQ

Jim investigates further by editing the app. He takes note of the fact that it refers to a list called FAQ_AK

He creates a new page on the site, adds a content editor, pastes the snippet in and publishes.

Jim affirms that this widget displays items comprised of questions and answers stored in a SharePoint list. This resembles the proposed control. The answer to this question is yes.

Does the data model of the existing control contain the required columns of the data model for the proposed control?
From the requirements, Jim determines that his FAQ data model has 3 required columns
 - A Text field for the question
 - A Text field for the answer
 - A Boolean field for the Archived Item
Jim compares these columns to the FAQ_AK list.

The Title and Answer fields conform to his requirements for the question and answer. Jim assumes ItemOrder allows the user to reorder the items, this exceeds his requirements but doesn't impede on what was initially requested so he is fine with it. He suspects ItemActive may work as the Archived Item field. He tests this out by modifying the item within the FAQ content app in AppManager. FAQ is configured as a slider app, so he flips ItemActive to false by hitting the On-Off switch on the item.

He clicks 'Publish' and visits his snippet he pasted earlier

The question is no longer in the page, but remains in the list. The data model of the existing control does contain the required columns of the data model for the proposed control. The answer to this question is yes. Jim knows he can use this Existing Widget.
Does the output of the existing control conform to that of the proposed control?
Judging from his observations of the snippet's output in the previous questions. Jim concludes that the output of the existing control conforms to that of the proposed control. The answer to this question is yes.

Does the data origin of the existing control conform to that of the proposed control?
Jim notes that the existing control draws its data from the FAQ_AK list within SharePoint. Since the Sales Team wants to be able to edit FAQ entries within SharePoint he concludes that proposed control also will store its data within a single list inside of SharePoint. The answer to this question is yes. All Jim will need is the Widget Snippet of the existing FAQ widget. He gets it from the Widget Instances window that he accessed when answering the first question. For details on how to use Existing Widgets, see the Akumina – Digital Workplace – Widget Manager Overview Document.

Use Case 2
Han has been tasked by her company's Marketing Department with building an image gallery linked to the company's Facebook page. After her meeting with the Vice President of Marketing she has gathered the following requirements.
 - The image gallery will retrieve images from a Facebook album specified by the Marketing department
 - The image gallery will need to be on a designated 'Image gallery page'
 - A set number of images should display on the page
 - When the user clicks on an image it should be displayed in a popup
Now that Han has her requirements she is ready to go through the Widget Decision Tree to design her widget.

Does the functionality of the proposed control resemble that of an existing control?
Han is viewing her company's Digital Workplace site and notices a link on the top bar called Media Gallery. She clicks on it.

This navigates her to a page called MediaGalleryPhotoList.aspx. On a page there is an existing photo gallery widget.

Han clicks on an image and it appears as a popup.

Han affirms that this widget displays a set of images and displays them in a popup when clicked. She concludes that the functionality of this existing widget resembles that of the proposed widget. The answer to this question is yes.

Does the data model of the existing control contain the required columns of the data model for the proposed control?
From the requirements, Han determines that her Facebook Photo Gallery Data Model contains the following columns
 - An Image Hyperlink column called Image
Han opens up the Digital Workplace Widget Manager and observes that the photo gallery widget she found is a GenericList widget instance that is pulling data from the ImageGallery_AK list.

Han decides to investigate the ImageGallery_AK list.

The Image column in the ImageGallery_AK list conforms to the required column in Han's data model. The answer to this question is yes.

Does the output of the existing control conform to that of the proposed control?
Han recalls the requirements related to output
 - A set number of images should display on the page
 - When the user clicks on an image it should be displayed in a popup
She compares each requirement to the output of the existing control. Han observes that the existing control displays a set of images on the page, and the number of images to be displayed can be controlled from the Widget Manager.

The first requirement is met. Han also remembers that when she clicked on an image it was displayed in a popup. The second requirement is met. The output of the existing control conforms to the proposed control. The answer to this question is yes.

Does the data origin of the existing control conform to that of the proposed control?
Han knows that the data for the existing photo gallery widget is stored within a list inside of SharePoint. However, the photo gallery widget that the Marketing Department wants needs to draw its data from the company Facebook page, a third party source. Therefore, the data origin of the existing control does not conform to that of the proposed control. The answer to this question is no. Han will need to create a Customdataload callback for the existing photo gallery widget. She will also need the Widget Snippet of an instance of the existing photo gallery widget that is using her Customdataload callback. For details on how to create Customdataload callbacks, see the Akumina – DigitalWorkplace – Customdataload Callback Widget Document.
Use Case 3
Sarah has been tasked with building a news ticker for her company homepage by the Digital Outreach team. After her meeting with the Director of Digital Outreach she has gathered the following requirements.
 - News on the ticker needs to be the latest news stories from the web (ie from AP)
 - A story should be the title with a link to the actual news article
 - Ticker should grab the top ten stories at time of retrieval
 - Ticker should display one story at a time and rotate on a timer
Now that Sarah has her requirements she is ready to go through the Widget Decision Tree to design her widget.

Does the functionality of proposed control resemble that of an existing control?
Sarah opens up the widget manager and searches through the widget instances. She sees a widget called 'RssNews' that looks promising.

Sarah creates a new page on the site, adds a content editor, and pastes the snippet within

Sarah affirms that the widget is displaying news stories that link to articles. This resembles the Proposed Control. The answer to this question is yes.

Does the data model of the existing control contain the required columns of the data model for the proposed control?
From the requirements, Sarah concludes that the proposed control has 2 columns in her data model.
 - A Text Field called Title
 - A Text Field called Url
The existing RSS news feed is a custom widget that retrieves its data from a third party. Sarah will verify the data model by inspecting the widget's output.
She right clicks on the first item in the RSS Feed and sees what data is returned.

The item contains both a url, href=_URL_ and a title, I-9 Issues When Hiring Foreign Workers. Sarah affirms that the answer to this question is yes. She can use an Existing Widget.

Does the output of the existing control conform to that of the proposed control?
To answer this question, Sarah compares to output of the existing control to her requirements. The requirements relating to output are the following
 - A story should be a title that links to the actual news story
 - Ticker should grab the top ten news stories upon retrieval
 - Ticker should display one story at a time and rotate on a timer
The first requirement is met by the output. However, the last two requirements are not. The existing control only retrieves 4 stories, not 10,


Calum Stirling
Image: Remote Village,
Copyright the artist 2019
Calum Stirling - Makrolab: - research footage
Landstylus: Survey#2
A single screen video work for cello, prepared score and CGI animation.
Cello: Sonia Cromarty
A project initiated as part of the Makrolab residency in 2002 to explore if topography can be played like the surface of a record and what might that landscape sound like? Whilst on residency at Makrolab the artist worked with a 20km square map around Glen Tilt in the Scottish Highlands. Translating it into a soundmap which could be 'driven' around using a software 'Landrover', the landstylus. Sound in this case is being harnesses as the interpretative voice to discover whether the shape of actual landforms can indeed generate a some or any of the parameters commonly associated with an emotive language such as music. The project was part inspired by the aptly named 'Hill and Dale' audio recording process pioneered by Edison in 1910.
Makrolab >


text:
The men who shaped the Dales
The lives of farming families in the Yorkshire Dales are being chronicled for posterity in a project aimed at highlighting the link between the landscape and the farmers who manage it. Volunteers will interview, photograph and record farmers, then compare this information to that gathered over the past century, to create a comprehensive record of farming in 2016–17 for future generations.
The Voices from the Land—farming and Landscape in the Yorkshire Dales project has been launched by the Farmer Network thanks to money from the heritage Lottery Fund and a grant from the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority, amounting to £27,500.
'The Dales landscape is intrinsically linked with farming,' comments the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority's Judith Donovan. 'For centuries, it has been fashioned by the people who live and work here. This fascinating project will enable everyone who has a love and interest in the land to understand changes to the landscape and how they came about.' Charlotte Cooper
The Yorkshire Dales and the farmers who work on them are the subject of a new project


text:
By Swami Harshananda
Digbandhana literally means 'shutting out the evil spirits'.
During the performance of ritualistic worship and acts, especially aimed to fulfill the desires, there is a possibility of obstacles to be created by inimical spirits. These spirits have to be 'locked out' of dik during the ritual. It can be done by chanting certain powerful mantras like the vyāhṛtis of the Gāyatrī or syllables like phaṭ. This is called 'digbandhana' or 'digbandha'.
After the ritual is over, the quarters (or dik) have to be reopened. This is called 'digvimoka'.
Exceptional Usage of Digbandhana
The process may also be used to arrest the movements of those who are likely to harm, like criminals. Such use of extraordinary powers has been recorded in the lives of great saints like Tailaṅga Svāmin (19th century) and Vijayadāsa (CE _PHONE_).
- Dik means quarters.
- The Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Swami Harshananda, Ram Krishna Math, Bangalore


text: Wheat enzyme genes to reduce nitrogen pollution Nitrogen pollution from the overuse of artificial sources continues to be a major concern globally. Researchers have successfully cloned a gene that is highly instrumental in upgrading the efficiency of nitrogen utilisation in wheat. Climate Change and Environment © Shutterstock The overuse of fertiliser chemicals, in particular nitrogen, to boost crop yields has come under fire for two main reasons. First, direct pollution by nitrates and second, that fertiliser is usually a fossil-fuel derived product. Moreover, nitrogen is a rate-limiting and expensive element in plant growth. The EU has addressed these two threats to the environment by the Nitrates Directive and the CAP reforms respectively. Progressive enforcement will almost certainly mean a drop in the price of cereal, but may also result in a decrease in crop yield with all the attendant consequences for farmers. Scientific research funded by the EU has been promoted to help the industry to mitigate these effects. One way to address both inherent problems is to increase the nitrogen using efficiency of crops. Under the auspices of the appropriately named SUSTAIN project, partners have achieved a vital step in boosting nitrogen utilisation in wheat. The enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is involved with pathways that increase the efficiency of nitrogen use. Accordingly, project partners at the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University in Denmark found and classified ten GS sequences from wheat into four sub-families. Using a combination of genomic, mapping and inheritance studies, the scientists found that there were four distinct clades when GS genes from other monocotyledonous species were included. The scientists then went on to clone the isolated GS genes. This was the first time these sequences had been identified and copied. The team then made them publicly available through the nucleotide sequence database, Genbank. This research represents a possible basis of the responsible production of transgenic crops. Cloning valuable genes for mineral utilisation in a range of crops stands to benefit the health, environment and economy of Europe as well as developing countries.


text:
Morning Lemon Water for a Week
The View From the Great Island
Why I Start Every Day With Lemon Water ~ I'll separate the myths from the facts about drinking lemon water every morning.
- 56 ounces filtered water
- 3 large lemons
- Put the water in a large pitcher or refrigerator container, preferably glass.
- Squeeze the juice of 2 lemons into the water, making sure to avoid the seeds.
- Thinly slice the last lemon and add all the slices, without seeds, to the water. Cover and keep in the refrigerator.
View the recipe instructions at The View From the Great Island


text:
This diagram shows the effect of the 'collapse' value of the 'border-collapse' property.
The diagram shows three cells in the same row and the grid lines that separate them. The left and right content, padding, border, and margin areas of each cell are labeled by rotated text above each of the areas. Each (red, dotted) grid line bisects the border between two cells.
The table width is indicated below the cells as encompassing all the left and right content, padding, border, and margin areas of the cells, except for the cells that touch the sides of the table. In this case, only half the exterior border widths are counted in the table's width.
Return to image.


text:
by Lisa Chamoff
, Contributing Reporter | November 29, 2016
Three years after its acquisition of ZONARE Medical Systems, Mindray has developed a new premium ultrasound system that harnesses ZONARE's patented ZONE Sonography Technology (ZST).
Called the Resona 7, the new platform, which the company says acquires high-quality images much faster than conventional ultrasound, was introduced at RSNA 2016.
"We are now able to merge and leverage these technologies to come up with a really unique ultrasound imaging platform in the industry," Jim Baun, clinical marketing manager for ultrasound at Mindray, told HCB News — and the company believes it's ZST that really differentiates it from everything else.
Baun explained that with ZST, the image is built pixel by pixel instead of line by line, as with the beam forming technology used in traditional ultrasound, making image acquisition 10 times faster.
"With ZONE Sonography, we flash a strobe light of ultrasound, capture the returning data and then using proprietary, high-speed, high-capacity digital signal processing methods, we take that data and then we build the image dot by dot," Baun said.
According to Baun, this approach to image creation yields other benefits too.
"The competition can only focus at one, or two, or three, or four given depths, depending on how the operator adjusts it," Baun said. "But if you can focus at five levels, that leaves 495 levels that you're not focusing at, because each image is about 500 pixels deep. ZST is focusing every pixel, every frame, every time, as opposed to conventional beam forming, which has limitations on the levels that they focus at. So, our images are always in perfect focus."
All of this gives the system potential to perform complex analysis on the acoustic data set.
"Say a woman has a lump in her breast," Baun said. "Now, you have a mammogram, you find a lump, then you have an ultrasound and see if it's a cyst or solid. If it's solid, then the woman has to have a biopsy. It kind of helps narrow it down. But the potential with this is to take that acoustic data set and analyze the characteristics of that lump and to be able to tell if it's benign or malignant."
Other features of the Resona 7 include a 12.1-inch touch screen and adjustable control panel.
The Resona 7 received 510(k) clearance a year ago and the company has been selling the system overseas, but decided to refine it before releasing it to the North American market.


text: This study aims primarily to assess the response of two invertebrate groups to the effects of pastoralism and military training, at one site in the tropical savanna of north-eastern Queensland. The richness and species composition of ants and terrestrial spiders were examined at two contrasting times of year across three land use treatments (pastoralism, military training and undisturbed) and four landscape positions (upper slope to riparian). Ant species richness was least in the grazed sites, and a high proportion of the ant species recorded varied significantly in frequency between the grazed and the two ungrazed land uses. This variation was generally greater than that associated with landscape position. Although variation in the richness of spiders was significantly related to land-use type, this effect was less pronounced than for ants, was less marked than variation associated with landscape position and was confounded by a strong interaction between land use and landscape position. Quadrat-scale variation in the composition of spider assemblages was influenced most by season of sampling. For both spiders and ants, there were few differences in richness or species composition between undisturbed land and that managed for military use.


Articles in English
Low-efficiency PCD's
Tuomas Pöysti 2020
In this article I studied how different pulley systems react to varying pulley efficiency, especially at low efficiency levels of carabiners. Mostly, all pulleys were considered equally inefficient.
PCD (progress capturing device) is a special pulley in this sense. There are popular PCD's that make even worse pulleys than carabiners. These include descenders and EN 15151-1 belay devices like Petzl I'D and Grigri, tube type belay devices with autoblocking mode and such.
For these devices, a general efficiency value 30% is not even a pessimistic one.
I tend to define pulley systems for analysis so that P1 is the most obvious PCD candidate. Let's study some pulley systems and find out how 30% P1 changes them compared to all-equal pulleys.
To learn more about pulley system analysis, read this article.
"Crevasse" and "Double mariner"
"All varying" means that efficiencies of all pulleys vary from 0 to 1. "30% PCD" is otherwise the similar, but P1 is constantly 30% efficient.
"Crevasse's" MA expression is
1 + P2 + P3 + P1P2 + P1P2P3
and "double mariner's"
1 + P2 + P3 + P1P2 + P1P3 + P2P3 + P1P2P3
Compared to all 80% pulleys, changing to 30% PCD drops the "crevasse's" MA by 0.4 and "double mariner's" MA by 1.1, the end results being 3.5:1 and 3.9:1, respectively.
If P1 is an inefficient pulley, the "double mariner" is an especially bad idea. Attaching the blue 2:1 to the rope on the right side of P1 adds second degree term P1P3 and third degree term P1P2P3 which in this case have respective values 0.3*0.8=0.24 and 0.3*0.8*0.8=0.19. The difference of 0.4 between said MA's is their sum, of course.
Simple pulleys
The simple 2:1, 4:1 and other systems with even ideal MA are a bit complicated when it comes to PCD, since P1 tends to be what I have elsewhere called a "positive" pulley. It cannot be connected to anchor – rather, these pulley systems work only as "drop loop", and while P1 is near the load, the system might as well be a "Z on V", a 2:1 pulled by a 3:1. Unless of course, the haul is short and there's no need for resetting.
On the other hand, simple systems beyond 5:1 are almost useless in the context of climbing equipment. It leaves us with the Z-rig and 5:1. Their MA expressions, respectively:
1 + P2 + P1P2
1 + P4 + P3P4 + P2P3P4 + P1P2P3P4
The Z-rig has calculated efficiency of 2.44:1 using only 80% pulleys. If P1 is dropped to 30%, the result is 2.04:1, a 16% drop.
The corresponding numbers for 5:1 are 3.36:1, 3.11:1 and 7%. For a change, something that goes at least relatively better with a higher MA simple pulley!
This is simple to explain. Check the MA expressions and see what kind of terms "bad" P1 gets to ruin in each case. In 5:1, it is the fourth degree term with value 0.8^4 = 0.41 to start with. In practice: P1 is "deep" inside the pulley system and only gets to tax what is left after all the other pulleys, and only a small fraction of MA is based on it.
Actually trying a 3:1 with a high friction PCD might be educating. As said, using a 30% PCD and 80% pulley as the "closer to hand" one, something like 2:1 can be expected as the effective MA. It is like having a 2:1 pulley, but at the same time just barely getting the slack pulled through the PCD. All you need to do is to stop expecting for any MA through the PCD, and you'll be happy!
The "lab mouse" pulley systems
Just to have some material to play with, let's take my "lab mouse" pulley systems in.
Their MA expressions in form of a table:
Let's try yet a different approach. Pulley systems also have efficiency. Naturally, it is the ratio between actual and ideal MA's – in this case calculated and ideal.
Here are two figures for each pulley system. First, their efficiencies assuming all 80% pulleys. Then, their efficiencies assuming 30% PCD and 80% efficient other pulleys.
B, D, E and F have high MA's and thus a bit lower efficiencies (they have more high degree terms). To be an 11:1, D is actually quite modest with high degree terms, and it shows in the figures.
Pay extra attention to A and C, though. They have especially few terms involving P1- that is, they are insensitive to P1. In general, none of the pulley systems in this article have first degree term P1, which is a very nice thing considering PCD's.
These pulley systems are generally more sensitive to P4. Here's what happens if P4 is 30% efficient and the rest are 80% (the yellow bars):
It is a nice consequence that the most obvious PCD location is typically a pulley, to which the pulley system is not very sensitive when it comes to efficiency. Maybe it's not a consequence, though – the PCD works best closest to load, whereas the most efficiency-wise important pulley is usually at the other end of the pulley system.
If the PCD happens to be especially sticky "pulley" such as a descender, pulley system analysis might help avoiding bad decisions.
2 replies on "Low-efficiency PCD's"
Dear Sir,
I find your posts very valuable and I read them even though I barely understand anything, since I have no knowledge of physics and math.
The reason is that I like pulleys and the "magic" of it.
I am better at understanding visually so I implore you to maybe make a video or a post with real pulleys with these suggestions and conclusions about how we are to make the best and most efficient pulley system, or the optimal system according to your knowledge.
Thank you for your kindness.
Hi Predrag,
It's good to hear there are other people interested in my stuff than just the most extreme nerds! Thank you for it and telling me.
That is a good idea. Real pulleys might make it easier to understand, and instead of numbers I could focus on graphic representation.
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