text:
Diagnostics of Industrial PC
Area of application
SIMATIC Industrial PCs are rugged industrial PCs for automation solutions in 24/7 operations. Due to their high system availability, they are used in SIMATIC PCS 7 PCS 7 Distributed Control Systems as operator or maintenance stations and also as engineering stations or OPC servers.
The SIMATIC PC DiagMonitor supports fast detection and efficient avoidance of potential system failures:
Design and function
The SIMATIC PC DiagMonitor and signaling software recognizes possible hardware and software faults at an early point in time, and provides corresponding messages to the Maintenance Station.
All SIMATIC Industrial PCs of a production plant can be centrally monitored using the DiagMonitor software. Using the integrated web server, data can be read and managed using an Internet browser. Efficient service structures can be established by integrating automated communications facilities, e.g. using Ethernet, e-mail or SMS (phone).
The SIMATIC PC DiagMonitor reports the operating data of the monitored PCs by generating text messages. It transmits them to the SNMP OPC server and outputs them in the associated asset faceplate on the maintenance station.
Complete Maintenance Life Cycle of Industrial PC:


Struct vs primitive type?
#1
When should I use primitive types over structs and why?
Here is a concrete example:
I am working with a C code and there is a UInt32 called LATCH that is interpreted in fancy ways. E.g. so me of its bits are flags and other bits encode two very small integers.
I need to interface with this C code and want an analogous julia type with same memory layout. There are to options:
struct Latch
 data::UInt32
end
primitive type Latch 32 end
Which one should I choose? What are the advantages/disadvantages?
#2
If you are just working on the type in julia code, it doesn't matter. All operations are most easily done on the UInt32 and it's the difference between using reinterpret and field access.
If you are passing this to/from C, then the argument and return type must be primitive type (assuming it's a uint32_t in C). Using a primitive type is easier in this case though there's nothing wrong with passing a UInt32 to C and convert that to your struct in julia either.


text: In recent years, recommender systems are widely applied in e-commerce system to help users locating their interested information. However, the 'all good reputation' problem brings down the accuracy of recommender systems. In addition, users' social network can benefit the recommendation especially when dealing with cold-start scenarios. In this paper, a novel trust-aware recommendation approach for e-commerce is proposed, which unearths the hint from ordinary rating and trust network by users' instant interactions in e-commerce system. More precisely, a rating revamping algorithm is designed to extract semantic ratings from feedback comments, and further construct fine grained rating score for the next process. Then, the recommendation scheme is studied through analyzing the users' trust network and their own behavior in e-commerce system. Finally, evaluations conducted based on a real dataset 'Douban' to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Can someone explain the difference?
Why I want to know:
I needed to use c# to create an alert and assign multiple users to it. I assume that would be SPWeb.Alerts.Add but they both seem to be the same & only take 1 user. In the end I created multiple identical user.alerts, 1 for each a user.
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2 Answers
up vote 0 down vote accepted
The only difference between calling SPWeb.Alerts.Add(...) and SPUser.Alerts.Add(...) that in case of SPWeb.Alerts.Add(...) alerts are created for current user.
Otherwise, there is no difference, for example, using the following calls:
web.Alerts.Add(tasks,SPEventType.All, SPAlertFrequency.Immediate);
or
web.CurrentUser.Alerts.Add(tasks, SPEventType.All, SPAlertFrequency.Immediate);
creates the same subscription record in Content DB.
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There is actually no difference between using SPWeb.Alerts or SPUser.Alerts to add new alerts. They ultimately execute the same code on the backend to create the alert.
When making multiple alerts, you simply need to call one of the methods for each user you are creating the alert for.
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1
BTW: You can see what code is being executed on the back-end by opening the Microsoft.SharePoint.dll assembly in .NET Reflector or some other reflector software. Useful when trying to figure out what SharePoint is doing. – John Chapman Jan 15 at 18:41
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text:
Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Volume 10. Number 2. June 2019 Pp.323-341
Linguistic Hegemony of English Language in the Medical Context of King Abdullah
Hanan Sarhan Alsubaiai
Department of English
Faculty of Arts, King Khalid University
Bisha, Saudi Arabia
This study aims to investigate how the dominance of the English language at Bisha King Abdullah Hospital in Saudi Arabia affects service delivery. Specifically, the research focuses on the attitudes of patients and staff towards communicating in English instead of Arabic, which is the primary official language in Saudi Arabia. First, the study addresses the question of how the dominance of English language in the selected medical context affects service delivery. Second, the study explores the attitude of patients and medical staff towards the dominance of the English language. Third, the study presents a comparison of the attitude of patients and medical staff towards the use of English language. Finally, the study responds to the question of how patients' level of education influences their attitude towards the use of English at the hospital. The study is based on quantitative research, involving 60 participants, where 30 patients and 30 medical staff. The findings reveal that 86.7% of medical staff members find it challenging to communicate with their patients in English. On the same note, 60% of patients interviewed admitted that they find it difficult understanding medical practitioners when they communicate in English. The findings can have significant practical implications since they show a possible communication barrier that can be addressed to improve patient experience at Bisha King Abdullah Hospital. The findings provide statistical evidence to inform evidence-based strategies to improve communication between patients and medical practitioners at the hospital.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Definition
Keywords: Communication barrier, language discordance, linguistic hegemony, medical context, patient's satisfaction
Cite as: Alsubaiai, H. S. (2019) Linguistic Hegemony of English Language in the Medical Context of King Abdullah Hospital. Arab World English Journal, 10 (2). 323-341.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The key challenge for REPAiR is to integrate models and methods from, among others, the environmental sciences, geographic sciences and economic sciences with design and spatial planning methods, both on a software and process level.
The integrated models and methods will enable local and regional stakeholders to use the geodesign decision support environment (GDSE) within a workshop setting to develop fast and reliable alternatives for spatial sustainable development strategies. The main objective of REPAiR is to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the GDSE as a tool for enhancing waste and resource management. To successfully develop, test and implement the GDSE, the following project objectives have been defined:
- To provide decision-makers with comparative assessments of different integrated spatial resource management strategies (WP2, WP6) by combining forecasting methods (WP4), strategy conceptualisations (WP5) and an integrated assessment of economic, environmental and social sustainability in a collaborative decision support environment (WP4).
- To develop an understanding of the characteristics, mechanisms and dynamics of European resource management systems by analysing the relations between waste flows, environmental and spatial quality, allocation and governance in six peri-urban areas using life cycle thinking (WP3).
- To better interpret the link between metabolic flows and urban processes, by extending the assessment of urban metabolism to include urban driver concepts and urban patterns, as well as environmental and spatial quality, and co-benefits (WP3, WP4).
- To improve the knowledge and reliability of waste related data by reversed material flow accounting (WP3).
- To implement living labs in peri-urban areas across Europe in order to develop, test, implement and assess place-specific eco-innovative solutions for resource management to improve environmental and spatial quality and quality of life (WP2, WP5).
- To understand decision making structures and processes in the case study areas with regard to interests and priorities of different stakeholders in order to add transparency to the decision making process (WP6).
- To develop a framework for transferring (a) the key modules of the GDSE itself; and, (b) the solutions and change models that it will produce across differentiated peri-urban areas (WP7).
- To disseminate and ensure the further uptake of the project's insights on aspects of resource management and GDSE development by including local and regional planning authorities, NGOs, public and private waste management companies, and future urban planners in the project. Moreover, open dissemination of insights, tools and technologies is provided across Europe, establishing the foundation for knowledge-based consultancy services that support local implementation of policies and spatial investments aimed at developing a circular economy (WP8, WP2).
The REPAiR consortium consists of a good balance of partners from the case areas. The REPAiR consortium members can rely on their expertise in waste and resource management, spatial decision support, territorial governance, spatial planning and urban design. Moreover, the members have profound knowledge of the six case study areas. This allows us to develop a GDSE that is scientifically sound, apt for local decision makers and adaptable enough to be used in different locations. Together with the members of the user board, the entire REPAiR team comprises a complete range of representatives of the major stakeholders in all the metropolitan regions involved. The REPAiR user board includes key stakeholders for the development of a circular economy like planning authorities and public/private organisations involved in the strategic environmental assessment, and NGOs and industrial actors in waste and resource management.


text:
My research examines how Sikh women who survived the anti-Sikh massacre in 1984 in Delhi, India, cope with the long-term legacies of violence and trauma amid the backdrop of the urban space of the city. After the assassination of then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards, approximately thirty-five hundred Sikh men were killed in October and November 1984. Many of the survivors, Sikh widows and their families, were relocated shortly after to the "Widow Colony," a designated slum also known as Tilak Vihar.
I begin by discussing in depth the space of the Widow Colony and its relation to the rest of the city of Delhi. I then analyze the events of the 1984 massacre through the narratives of Sikh widows and how they remember their experiences of violence. I discuss how violence can have long-term ramifications for everyday life in arenas such as kinship networks, economic stability, health and wellness, and social life. These experiences are further amplified by gender, caste, and class. I also examine the impact of the stigma of widowhood in this community. This research seeks to interrogate how memories of violence inform, and are constituted by, embodied, affective practices carried out in a gendered space produced by the state. I argue that Sikh widows cope with long-term trauma by creating new forms of sociality and memory through their everyday lives and religious practices in the Widow Colony. The memory of the 1984 violence figures heavily among the Sikh diaspora. Thus, I also explore the relationship between the Widow Colony and Sikhs in the transnational arena.


text:
On-Demand Webinar: Diversity and Culture – Strategies for Working with Differences
$20.00 Or MEMBER PLAN (Starting at $9.99 a month/viewer)
When diversity and cultural differences lead to misunderstandings or distrust, they are often viewed as challenges to manage within our work environments. However, they are better viewed as valuable assets to organizational health. This webinar examines specific elements of diversity and culture as they relate to communicating, power differentials, and experiences of discrimination.
Not from the USA? Use our currency converting tool to help calculate exchange rates from your country.Currency Converter


Aims and objectives
Rugby League Cares supports four key areas within Rugby League – player welfare and education; a grants programme which secures and distributes grants to the sport's stakeholders to deliver projects benefitting the health and wellbeing of its broad community; support for players (professional and amateur) who have suffered life-changng injuries; and a heritage programme which aims to deliver a world class Rugby League museum.
The charity's strategic aims are:
 1. * To continually improve on the services and support provided to the people and communities we aim to support;
 2. * To continually increase the funding and resources available to support the people and communities we aim to support.
Our objectives are:
 1. * To support Rugby League at all levels, particularly for those that play, have played, run or have previously run the sport at a professional level;
 2. * To use Rugby League as a force for positive behavioural change and measurable improvements to individual health and wellbeing, particularly with those living in communities near to where the sport is played and most affected by poor socio-economic circumstance and life opportunities;
 3. * To use Rugby League to inspire greater participation in physical activity;
 4. * To develop sufficient finances to enable those with permanent serious injuries assistance when breakthroughs in medical treatment occurs;
 5. * To use the unique history of the sport to inspire communities to learn more about Rugby League, their community and the people that have lived and worked there in the past;
 6. * To use Rugby League to reach and serve the widest and most diverse audience possible in arts and cultural activities, breaking down barriers to social groups not traditionally associated with museums, arts and cultural activities such as dance and other arts forms;
 7. * To encourage greater interest in Rugby League either as a player, spectator or viewer.


Tips for CAT Exam Preparation
Tips for CAT Exam Preparation
Try the following tips before the CAT Exam and you will find yourself more confident and geared up for the Cat Exam day.
In the last week do not study new concepts instead focus on what you have already studied. Revise only what you have studied.
Revise and understand the mistakes which you did in last few mock tests that you gave.
Just before the exam day, relax and keep your self stress free by spending some time with family and friends.
You must take proper sleep before the exam to prevent stress during the exam.
Do not take wild guess in the Cat Exam paper. As CAT Exam has negative marking so only if you are able to eliminate 2-3 choices, then you should take a guess.
Tips for CAT Exam PreparationYou must reach the venue 2 hours before the CAT Exam starts.
Go through the Computer Instruction thoroughly to prevent mistakes during the paper. Get yourself familiar with the testing platform.
Keep all your stuff like admit card, pencils etc well in advance to prevent last minute hassle.
Dont waste much time on particular section, Manage your Exam time well.. You can always bookmark the question and come back later and attempt it.
Just relax and have full control over yourself and keep your self cool during the Exam Time.
Give it your best shot and do not quit from Exam Hall with out completing your task.


text:
A: Descriptions of a job and an execution plan are as follows:
In E-MapReduce, to create a job is to create a configuration about how to run the job. A job cannot be run directly. The configuration of a job should contain the jar package to be run for the job, the input and output addresses of data, and some running parameters. After such a job is created, you can name it (that is, define a job). When you want to debug the running job, an execution plan is required.
- Execution plan
The execution plan is a bond that associates the job and the cluster. Through the execution plan, multiple jobs can be combined into a job sequence and prepare a running cluster for the job (or automatically create a temporary cluster or associate an existing cluster). The execution plan also helps to set a periodical execution plan for the job sequence and automatically releases the cluster after the task is accomplished. The execution record list displays successful execution plans and logs.
A: The E-MapReduce system uploads running job logs to OSS according to the jobid plan (that is, the path that is set by users when they create the cluster). You can view the job logs directly on the webpage. If you log on to the master node for job submission, and you are running the script, the logs are determined by your script according to your plan.
A: You can search directly through OSS for all log files, and download them. However, since OSS is not available for direct viewing of log files, this procedure may cause issues. The following describes how to use OSS to view log files.
- Go to the execution plan page.
- Find the corresponding execution plan and click "Running Log" to enter the running log page.
- Find the specific execution log on the running log page, such as the last execution log.
- Click the corresponding "Execution Cluster" to view the ID of the execution cluster.
- Search for OSS://mybucket/emr/spark/cluster ID directory under the OSS://mybucket/emr/spark directory.
- There will be multiple directories displayed under OSS://mybucket/emr/spark/cluster ID/jobs according to the execution ID of the job, and each directory stores the running log file of the job.
A: There are three timing policies, as follows:
The timing policy of the cluster
In the cluster list, the running time of every cluster is displayed. Calculation of the running time is: Running time = Time when the cluster is released - Time when the cluster is established. Once a cluster starts to be established, the timing starts until the end of the lifecycle of the cluster.
The timing policy of the execution plan
In the running log list of the execution plan, the running time of every execution plan is displayed. The timing policy can be summarized in two categories:
If the execution plan is executed on-demand, the running process of every execution log involves the cluster creation, job submission for running, and cluster release. The calculation policy of an on-demand execution plan is: Running time = The time when the cluster is created + The total time used for completing running all the jobs in the execution plan + The time when the cluster is released.
If the execution plan is associated with an existing cluster, the entire execution cycle does not involve the cluster establishment and releasing. In this case, Running time = The total time used for completing running all the jobs in the execution plan.
The timing policy of the job:
The job here refers to the jobs assigned to the execution plan. Click the View Job List on the right of the running log of every execution plan to see the job. Here the calculation of the running time of every job is: Running time = The actual time when the job running ends - The actual time when the job starts to run. The actual time when the job running starts (ends) refers to the time points when the job is actually scheduled for running or stops running by the Spark or Hadoop cluster.
Q: During ODPS reading/writing, why does the java.lang.RuntimeException.Parse response failed: '…' display?
A: Check whether the ODPS tunnel endpoint is correct.
A: The topic may have been created in a beta or other testing environment, therefore creating inconsistent consumption data of some consumer groups. Please submit a ticket indicating the corresponding topic and Consumer ID to ONS for troubleshooting.
A: Yes, however, the "Save Log" option must be enabled when the cluster is created. The log location is: Execution Plan List > Running Log > Execution Log > View Job List > Job List > View Job Worker Instance.
A: Take the following example:
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE storage_log(content STRING) PARTITIONED BY (ds STRING)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
STORED AS TEXTFILE
hive> select * from storage_log;
Time taken: 0.3 seconds
There is no data in the created external table.
In the preceding example, Hive will not automatically associate the partitions directory of the specified directory. You need to associate it manually. For example:
alter table storage_log add partition(ds=123); OK
Time taken: 0.137 seconds
hive> select * from storage_log;
A: First, check whether the Spark version is earlier than Version 1.6. Spark Version 1.6 repaired a memory leak bug. Earlier versions of Spark may retain this bug, which will cause container memory overuse, meaning the job will not be executed. Additionally, check whether your code has been optimized for memory usage.
Q: Why is a job still in "Running" status in E-MapReduce Console even though the Spark Streaming job has ended
A: Check whether the running mode of the Spark Streaming job is "yarn-client." If yes, we recommend that you change it to the "yarn-cluster" mode. E-MapReduce is not currently optimized for monitoring the status of Spark Streaming jobs in the "yarn-client" mode.
Q：Why does "Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class com.aliyun.fs.oss.nat.NativeOssFileSystem not found" display
A: When reading/writing OSS data in Spark jobs, you need to package the SDK provided by E-MapReduce into the Jar package. The specific operations can be found at: Development Manual > Spark > Development Preparation.
A: One simple method is to use the complete OSS URI. For details, refer to: Development Manual > Development Preparation
A: Check whether the path protocol header of the job jar package is "ossref" in the job configuration. If the protocol header is different, change it to "ossref".
A: The E-MapReduce contains a master node and multiple slave (or worker) nodes. The master node does not participate in data storage and computing tasks, and the slave nodes are used for data storage and computing. For example, in a cluster with three 4-core 8G machines, one of the machines serves as the master node and the other two serve as the slave nodes. In this case, the available computing resources of the cluster are two 4-core 8G machines.
A: Check whether the data receiving mode is Push-based. If it is a different mode, switch it to the Push-based mode for receiving data. Reference
Q：Why does java.io.IOException: Input stream not be reset when only _PHONE_ bytes have been written, and does not exceed the available buffer size of 524288 display
A: If insufficient cache is detected, and the preceding error is displayed, we recommend that you use EMR-SDK Version 1.1.0 or later to avoid insufficient cache during OSS network reconnection tries.
Q：Why does "Failed to access metastore. This class should not accessed in runtime.org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient" display
A: The job execution mode must be yarn-client (or local) for Spark to process Hives data. Yarn-cluster is not supported. Otherwise, the preceding exception will appear. Some third-party packages in the job jar file may also trigger the exception while running Spark.
A: A simple method is to modify the mapred-site.xml file. For example:
You then only need to add the library file you need.
A: See the following.
OSS URL： oss://[accessKeyId:accessKeySecret@]bucket[.endpoint]/object/path
This URI is used for specifying input/output data sources in the job, and is similar to hdfs://. In OSS data operations, you can configuration accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, and endpoint to Configuration, or you can specify accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, and endpoint in URI. For more details, refer to Development Preparation.
Q: Why does the Spark SQL display "Exception in thread "main" java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:mysql:xxx" error
- The mysql-connector-java of an earlier version may have similar issues. Update it to the latest version.
- In the job parameters, use "—driver-class-path ossref://bucket/…/mysql-connector-java-[version].jar" to load mysql-connector-java package. The preceding issue also occurs when mysql-connector-java is directly packaged into the job jar package.
A: Check whether the RDS database address is an intranet address. If it is not, go to the RDS console to switch the database address to an intranet address.
Q: When Spark SQL is connected to RDS, why does the "Invalid authorization specification, message from server: ip not in whitelist" appear
A: Check the RDS


Validate your IaC against your Google Cloud organization's policies
This document describes how to validate your infrastructure as code (IaC) against the organization policies and Security Health Analytics detectors that you have defined in your Google Cloud organization. IaC lets you create and manage your cloud resources using languages such as Terraform so that you can deploy the resources using a development workflow. The IaC validation feature supports organization policies and Security Health Analytics detectors only.
Validating your IaC lets you determine whether your new or modified resource definitions violate the existing policies that are applied to your Google Cloud resources (for example, cluster, bucket, or instance). You can define these policies using security postures, but the IaC validation feature analyzes your code against all the policies in your Google Cloud organization. IaC validation helps your developers identify and fix any security issues in the IaC configuration of assets or resources before they are applied to your Google Cloud environment.
The IaC validation feature supports Terraform plan files. You can validate your Terraform plan using Google Cloud CLI, or you can integrate the validation process into your Jenkins or GitHub Actions developer workflow.
Before you begin
Complete these tasks to get started with IaC validation.
Activate the Security Command Center Premium tier or Enterprise tier
Verify that the Security Command Center Premium tier or Enterprise tier is activated at the organization level.
Set up permissions
 1. Make sure that you have the following role or roles on the organization: Security Posture Shift-Left Validator
 Check for the roles
 1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.
 Go to IAM
 2. Select the organization.
 3. In the Principal column, find the row that has your email address.
 If your email address isn't in that column, then you do not have any roles.
 4. In the Role column for the row with your email address, check whether the list of roles includes the required roles.
 Grant the roles
 1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.
 Go to IAM
 2. Select the organization.
 3. Click Grant access.
 4. In the New principals field, enter your email address.
 5. In the Select a role list, select a role.
 6. To grant additional roles, click Add another role and add each additional role.
 7. Click Save.
For more information about IaC validation permissions, see IAM for organization-level activations.
Set up Google Cloud CLI
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
Activate Cloud Shell
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To set up the gcloud CLI to use service account impersonation to authenticate to Google APIs, rather than your user credentials, run the following command:
gcloud config set auth/impersonate_service_account SERVICE_ACCT_EMAIL
For more information, see Service account impersonation.
Enable APIs
Enable the Security posture service and Security Command Center management APIs.
Enable the APIs
Define your policies
Define your organization policies and Security Health Analytics detectors. To define these policies using a security posture, complete the tasks in Create and deploy a posture.
Create your Terraform code
Use your developer workflows and tools to create a Terraform file that includes the Google Cloud assets that you want to create or modify.
Consider the following:
 - Populate the parent attribute (the project, folder, or organization) of every resource or asset in the Terraform configuration.
 - Modify assets and policies separately. The API doesn't support validation of Terraform plan files which modify both assets and policies at the same time.
 - Use supported asset types and policies only. For a list of supported asset types and policies, see Supported asset types and policies for IaC validation.
 - Review the limitations for IaC validation.
 - Don't include sensitive information such as passwords or other personally identifiable information in your Terraform plan file. If the validation feature encounters fields marked as sensitive in the resource changes, the fields are removed.
After you create your Terraform code, you can run the IaC validation report. You can use Google Cloud CLI, Jenkins, or GitHub Actions.
Use Google Cloud CLI to create an IaC validation report
To create an IaC validation report, complete the following:
 1. In gcloud CLI, run terraform init.
 Verify that you're running Terraform provider version v5.5 or later. If required, upgrade to the latest Google provider version:
 terraform init -upgrade

 2. Convert the Terraform plan file to JSON format:
 terraform plan -out TF_PLAN_FILENAME
 terraform show -json TF_PLAN_FILENAME > TF_PLAN_JSON_FILENAME.json

 Replace the following:
 - TF_PLAN_FILENAME: The name for the Terraform plan file.
 - TF_PLAN_JSON_FILENAME: The name of the file that will contain the Terraform plan in JSON format.
 3. Create the IaC validation report:
 gcloud scc iac-validation-reports create PARENT \
 --tf-plan-file=TF_PLAN_JSON_FILENAME

 Replace the following:
 - PARENT: The Google Cloud organization in which to create the IaC Validation report. The format is organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/LOCATION. LOCATION is global.
 - TF_PLAN_JSON_FILENAME: The path to the JSON file that contains the IaC plan that you want to validate.
 For example, to create an IaC validation report under the organizations/_PHONE_/locations/global organization with an IaC plan included in planFile.json, run the following command:
 gcloud scc iac-validation-reports create organizations/_PHONE_/locations/global --tf-plan-file=planFile.json

 This command returns the operation details for creating the IAC validation report. To get information about the operation, see View information about a posture deployment operation.
What's next


text:
25 Jun 2012 17:10:43.580
Researchers at The University of Nottingham have developed a unique computer programme that helps Asian students to improve their understanding of accented English speech in noisy environments.
The team of researchers from the Schools of Psychology, Education, and English, recognised that some Asian students find it difficult to understand the range of different English accents spoken.
They identified that some Asian students have particular difficulties with differentiating sounds at the end (e.g. rope versus robe) and start (e.g. tin versus thin) of spoken English words. This can make continuous speech difficult to follow, as misunderstanding just one word can potentially change the whole interpretation of a sentence.
Click here for full story
The difficulties are also magnified in non-optimal listening situations such as on a telephone or in places such as shopping centres, where there can be a lot of ambient noise.
Spoken English Discrimination
To solve the problem, they developed a computerised Spoken English Discrimination (SED) training programme which trains Chinese speakers how to detect differences in speech sounds in adverse conditions, such as accented speech or in situations where there are a number of sounds in the background.
Recognising the commercial potential for SED, the research team secured development money for the project, firstly through the European (ERDF) funded Innovation Fellowship and more recently via the University's own Hermes Fellowship scheme. The funding awards have enabled the team to develop the product, assess the market demand and identify business collaboration opportunities.
The research team was led by Nicola Pitchford and Walter van Heuven from the School of Psychology. Commenting on the outcomes of the project, Nicola said: "Our findings have shown that SED training really does have a significant impact in enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds.
"There has already been interest in the program from government organisations, through to a major Chinese mobile phone company who are interested in developing it into an educational phone app. In China alone, over 300 million people are involved in learning and teaching English, so we are very excited about the potential for the SED programme."
The University is also looking to integrate SED training into existing English language teaching schemes, as it covers specific cultural elements, accents and different noisy backgrounds, issues which are normally not included in language programmes.
Walter van Heuven added: "We are very interested in talking to people who feel that they can work with us to find new markets and applications for our SED training programme. The aim of our work has always been to help as many people as possible through this program, so if anyone has ideas about how they can help to develop and market the SED training program, we would love to hear from them."
For more details about the Spoken English Discrimination training programme, contact Dr Nicola Pitchford or Dr Walter van Heuven on _EMAIL_ or _EMAIL_
For more information about The University of Nottingham's services for business, visit _URL_
PICTURED above (left to right): Walter van Heuven, Nicola Pitchford and PhD student Taoli Zhang.
For up to the minute media alerts, follow us on Twitter
Notes to editors: The University of Nottingham, described by The Sunday Times University Guide 2011 as 'the embodiment of the modern international university', has 40,000 students at award-winning campuses in the United Kingdom, China and Malaysia. It is ranked in the UK's Top 10 and the World's Top 75 universities by the Shanghai Jiao Tong (SJTU) and the QS World University Rankings. It was named 'the world's greenest university' in the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking 2011.
More than 90 per cent of research at The University of Nottingham is of international quality, according to the most recent Research Assessment Exercise. The University's vision is to be recognised around the world for its signature contributions, especially in global food security, energy & sustainability, and health. The University won a Queen's Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education in 2011, for its research into global food security.
Impact: The Nottingham Campaign, its biggest ever fund-raising campaign, will deliver the University's vision to change lives, tackle global issues and shape the future. More news
The Innovation Fellowship project is part financed by the European Regional Development Fund Programme 2007 to 2013. The Department for Communities and Local Government is the managing authority for the European Regional Development Fund Programme, which is one of the funds established by the European Commission to help local areas stimulate their economic development by investing in projects which will support local businesses and create jobs. For more information visit _URL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Call for position papers and performances as part of Critical Alternatives, 5th Decennial Aarhus Conference, 18 August 2015, Aarhus University, Denmark. CALL NOW CLOSED
Live Coding Alternatives is an interdisciplinary workshop ('live laboratory') for testing and exploring live coding as a creative, aesthetic and potentially political practice for constructing 'critical alternatives' within both computing and everyday life. The workshop explores this emergent field and aims to open up deeper critical questions about contemporary cultural production and computational culture. It is structured around live research practices of writing, presentation and performance, collaboratively interrogated through discussion, and the development of critical frameworks that reflect the live coding dynamic.
Live Coding Alternatives emphasizes the relation of live coding to the cultivation of 'alternative', potentially subversive, ways of operating within contemporary culture. In addition the workshop explores the alternative possibilities offered by live coding practice as able in itself to generate epistemic claims through software development, improvised live performance and 'artistic research'. The intention is not only to propose how live coding transforms code and coding practice but to investigate the transformational potential inherent within the process of live coding itself. We ask what possibilities for change and action does the practice of live coding suggest? What alternative ways of 'being operative' are evoked?
We welcome analytical, theoretical and reflective papers from diverse disciplines but especially want to encourage expanded notions of live coding in the form of performances and alternative presentation modes.
Initial areas of interest might include:
* Live coding and performance writing, interplay of text and code, experimental notation practices
* Live coding, its transformative potential and politics
* Live coding, temporality and just-in-time production
* Live coding, alternative epistemologies and artistic research
* Live coding, subjectivity and 'life' coding
* Live coding and attribution in reputation economies
* Live coding as the persistent traces of interaction
Position papers will be circulated in advance. Working throughout the day, there will be a critical interlocutor and facilitator, helping excavate and elaborate key ideas connecting live coding to the cultivation of various 'critical alternatives'. Results of the workshop will be published on the Live Coding Network website.
Call goes live: 02 April
Proposals due: 20 May (email 300 word proposals to _EMAIL_)
Results made known: 31 May
Workshop: 18 August 2015, Aarhus
Alan Blackwell, Reader in Interdisciplinary Design, Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge (UK).
Emma Cocker, Reader in Fine Art, Nottingham Trent University (UK).
Geoff Cox, Associate Professor, Participatory IT research centre, Aarhus University (DK).


Weibull++ - software for life data analysis
The industry standard for life data analysis
Weibull++ - software for life data analysis
The industry standard for life data analysis
Features Training Demo Request quote Resources
Life Data Classifications
Life data of a component, product or system can be separated into the following categories: complete data, right censored data, interval censored data, and left censored data. Each data type requires a modification to the analysis in order to correctly estimate the underlying lifetime distribution. A good life data analysis package, like ReliaSoft Weibull++, must be able to correctly handle all of these types of data. The characteristics of each data type are presented next.
Complete Data
Complete data, as shown in Figure 1, indicates that all of the units under the test failed and the time-to-failure for each unit is known. Therefore, complete information is known regarding the entire sample.
Complete Data diagram
Figure 1: Complete
Right Censored Data
Right censored data, also called suspended data, is composed of units that did not fail during the test as shown in Figure 2. For example, suppose that five units are put under test. Three units fail and their observed times-to-failure (in hours) are 65, 76, and 84. The last two units are still operating when the test is stopped at 85 and 100 hours respectively. Therefore, the last two units are considered to be suspended or right censored.
Right Censored Data diagram
Figure 2: Right Censored
Interval Censored Data
Another type of censored data, shown in Figure 3, is called interval censored data or inspection data. Interval censored data contains uncertainty as to when the units actually failed. For example, if five units under test are inspected every 100 hours, then the status of each unit (failed or still running) is known only at the time of each inspection. If a unit fails, it is known only that it failed between inspections and the exact time of failure is not known. Instead of an exact time-to-failure, an interval of time (e.g., between 100 and 200 hours) would be recorded.
Interval Censored Data diagram
Figure 3: Interval Censored
Left Censored Data
Left censored data is demonstrated in Figure 4. Left censored data is a special case of interval censored data in which the time-to-failure for a particular unit is known to occur between time zero and some inspection time. For example, if the inspection occurs at 100 hours, a failed unit could have failed at any time between 0 and 100 hours.
Left Censored Data diagram
Figure 4: Left Censored


Theatre review: FAUST/US by Nine Years Theatre is fiendishly good
Mia Chee (centre) plays Faust in Nine Years Theatre's Faust/Us. The cast also includes: (clockwise) Hang Qian Chou, Neo Hai Bin and Timothy Wan.
Mia Chee (centre) plays Faust in Nine Years Theatre's Faust/Us. The cast also includes: (clockwise) Hang Qian Chou, Neo Hai Bin and Timothy Wan.PHOTO: NINE YEARS THEATRE
Nine Years Theatre
Drama Centre Black Box/ March 21
An early scene in FAUST/US has the alchemist Faust (Mia Chee) drawing arcane symbols on the floor to summon an earth spirit. A background hum crescendos into the roar of tectonic plates grinding together.
Something powerful and magical is happening but poor, frustrated Faust cannot understand what the spirit is trying to convey. It takes her until almost the end of the play to learn how to navigate between the ordinary and extraordinary.
Similarly, it takes almost until the end of FAUST/US for the audience to see how different narrative threads and ideas have been brought together to create something out of the ordinary. It is a slow ride at the start, but fiendishly good once it picks up momentum.
FAUST/US is the first work by Nine Years Theatre to be created and directed by the group's associate director Cherilyn Woo. It is based on the 18th century German play by Goethe, in which an ageing academic sells his soul to the devil Mephistopheles in exchange for a life of passion and adventure.
FAUST/US has the academic played by Nine Years Theatre's co-founder Chee, so several plot points in the original have to be reworked. Faust fathering an illegitimate child becomes the contemporary crime of co-authoring an anti-government book with her lover Gret (Neo Hai Bin, who also translated Woo's text into Mandarin). The end result is the same, the lover is condemned to prison. But Woo's treatment of the event is much more than the old morality tale Goethe wrote.
Gret is like Faust and like Mephistopheles (a delightfully snarky Timothy Wan), all caged in prisons of their own making. Gret cannot see past his shackles, even to notice the key Faust brings. Similarly, Faust is so imprisoned in her life of academic success that even viewing her own garden through Mephistopheles' eyes is a transcendental experience.
Wan plays a cheeky devil who has much more in common with Faust than the omnipotent God (Hang Qian Chou) and the repartee between him and Chee sizzles. But many of the best scenes rely on non-verbal action and sound designer Zai Tang. Rushing waves and grinding earth demonstrate God parting the waters and creating the world in a few, breathless seconds. The sound of a demon dog barking is both funny and menacing, as Faust holds Mephistopheles at bay.
Woo has said that FAUST/US is about the restlessness in the human soul, the constant hankering for something more than we have achieved. It is this restlessness that propels humanity towards art, towards creation and towards greatness. Balanced between God and devil, Faust ends the play making the most out of her ordinary life, appearing extraordinary to the people she helps. Not a bad bargain at all.
FAUST/US is sold out.


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WP7 Imaging data management
WP Leaders: Aad van der Lugt (Erasmus MC) and Charles Majoie (Amsterdam UMC)
Aim: to facilitate imaging data management and analysis for the consortium studies, and to assess which imaging characteristics are associated with final infarct size and poor outcome, and which imaging characteristics modify the effect of endovascular treatment
Clinical image acquisition protocols
To allow for a structured systematic analysis of all image data and an automated imaging biomarkers extraction, standardized image acquisition protocols are important.
We described the minimum requirements for image acquisition protocols to be used in the medical centers that participate in the clinical studies of the CONTRAST consortium.
Here below you will find the protocols, with the version date both in the file name as in the document itself.
Imaging data collection – infrastructure and tasks
A transparent infrastructure and a clear description of roles & responsibilities regarding the imaging data collection is of uttermost importance to be able to build an image storage and exchange infrastructure of the highest standards.
Here below you will find a document with information about:
– imaging data collection infrastructure;
– required imaging data;
– sending data to XNAT;
– sending data without XNAT;
– roles & responsibilities.
Imaging data request procedure
Medical images (CT/MRI) are collected as part of the clinical studies in CONTRAST. These data are available for reuse under specific conditions. Click here to read the procedure, and here to fill in the request form. Please reach out to the CONTRAST WP7 Workpackage leaders with your request.


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Social identity and the formation of health insurance networks
Institute of Development Policy and Management
The journal of development studies. - London, 1964, currens
, p. _PHONE_
In a panel survey of an informal insurance network in Tanzania we find none of the tell-tale signs that insurance transfers follow reciprocal risk sharing arrangements among self-interested individuals: insurance remittances do not occur through informal loans; transfers are not regressive; and they do not fall when shocks are repeated over time. The evidence of unreciprocated transfers occurring between kin is suggestive of risk sharing based on altruism or social norms.


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An initiative of the National Council for Workforce Education, the Sustainability Education and Economic Development Center (SEED) supports community colleges and their partners with curriculum and resources to transform educational programs for a sustainable future.
Northeast Organic Farming Association (NOFA) Organic Land Care Accreditation and Education Resources
With the mission to transfer organic agriculture practices to landscapes, NOFA has created its own 5-day accreditation course to become an Organic Land Care Professional (AOLCP) with a pledge to adhere to NOFA standards for Organic Land Care.
As the Sustainability, Education and Economic Development (SEED) Center is a FREE initiative offered by the National Council for Workforce Education, we strive to provide our users with up-to-date information and materials. We encourage you to submit resources or open-source curriculum for possible posting on the SEED Center website.
Note: SEED is managed by a team of higher education experts who vet and curate resources and curriculum. Thus, not all submitted materials will appear on the website.
2023 SEED Center website updates funded by Lumina Foundation


What's the Difference Between a Ford 351 Windsor, Cleveland, or Modified Engine?
Despite all having a similar 351 cubic inch displacement, there are a few distinct types of Ford "351" engines, like this Cleveland pictured here. (Image/Jim Smart)
Engines are often identified by their displacement, like the ubiquitous Chevy 350, Mopar 440, or Ford Five-Oh.
But displacement alone isn't always the best differentiator, and nowhere is that more evident than with the Ford 351 engines.
Sure, '351' refers to the engine size, but there were essentially three major versions of the Ford 351—the Windsor, Cleveland, and Modified*.
*Officially, Ford never called these engines 400/351 Modified or 400M/351M. "Modified" was a slang designation originally applied by Ford enthusiasts, and the name just stuck. You'll also hear folks define the "M" as "Michigan" after the engine's original casting plant. The etymology doesn't really matter, it's just a way for us to distinguish it from the other 351 engines.
What version you have is very important to know, because major parts from each engine are not interchangeable.
To clear up any confusion, and to help you avoid buying the wrong parts, here's a quick rundown on each motor so you can know for sure what you've got in your garage.
(Summit Racing's Tom Lynch contributed to this article.)
The Three 351s.
351 Windsor
The 351W is named for the factory in Windsor, Ontario that produced them. It is part of the long-running Ford small block Windsor V8 family, which also includes the venerable Ford 302 (5.0L) V8. It shares the same small block V8 bellhousing pattern and motor mounts of the August 1964+ Windsor engines*. Key differences from the other Windsor engines include a taller deck height, unique firing order, and longer stroke.
*Pre-August 1964 engines (221/260/289) had a narrow 5-bolt bellhousing pattern, also referred to as the early V8 Windsor pattern. All post-August 1964 Windsor engines use a wider 6-bolt pattern (including all 351W), commonly referred to as the small block V8 pattern. The patterns are not interchangeable.
It's far more common than the 351 Cleveland, and though it doesn't have the "high performance" aura of its 351C counterpart, there is plenty of aftermarket support for it. Engine builders and hotrodders have no problems pulling gobs of horsepower out of these engines, and popular upgrades include cylinder heads, camshaft, headers, and intake manifold.
The 351 Windsor is a common sight under the hood of older Ford cars and trucks. (Image/Summit Racing)
351 Cleveland
The 351C was built in Ford's Cleveland, Ohio factory, and is part of the Ford 335 engine family. Back in the day, the 351C was considered the go-to Ford performance engine, thanks to its better-flowing cylinder heads and stronger crankshaft. Ford made both 2V and 4V cylinder head versions for the 351C, with the latter 4V heads being the more performance-oriented versions.
Unfortunately, Ford only produced the 351 Cleveland for five years (in the U.S. at least, Australia got the engine up until 1982). The engine's rarity makes it a more expensive platform for an engine build, though it's capable of making impressive power with the right upgrades. And, for what it's worth, there's still a ton of Blue Oval cache in saying you've got a real Cleveland under your hood.
351 Modified
The 351M is part of the same Ford 335 V8 engine series as the 351 Cleveland. It's based off of the 400 Modified engine (see note on nomenclature in opening paragraph), which was essentially a 351C with a longer stroke. Unlike the 351C however, the 400 block had the bellhousing bolt pattern of 385-series big blocks. It also had a higher deck height to accommodate the longer stroke.
As the 351 Cleveland faded away, Ford engineers reverted to the original 351C's 3.5-inch stroke, yet retained the 400's deck height to create the 351M. The bellhousing bolt pattern on the 351M uses the same pattern as the 385-series big block engines as well. (That means, even though they're related, transmissions, intake manifolds, and other parts may not be interchangeable between a 351C and 351M.)
It's also worth noting that the 351M was only available from the factory with a 2-barrel carburetor.
How can you tell the difference between the 351 engines by looking at them?
Three Easy Visual Differences Between the 351W and 351C/351M.
 - Radiator Hose. On a Cleveland/Modified engine, the radiator hose (and thermostat housing) sticks vertically right out of the top of the engine block. Windsor engines have the radiator hose and thermostat installed into the intake manifold, where it exits from the front of the engine.
 - Valve Covers. Windsor valve covers use 6-bolt covers, whereas the Cleveland/Modified uses 8-bolt covers.
 - Timing Chain. Cleveland/Modified engines have the timing chain recessed into the front of the block itself, and its timing cover is essentially just a flat piece of metal. The Windsor's timing chain attaches to the front of the engine and has an external timing cover typically made of cast aluminum.
Three Easy Visual Differences Between the 351C and 351M
 - Cleveland engines share a bellhousing bolt pattern with the Windsor family. 351M engines use the bellhousing bolt pattern of the 385-series Ford big blocks.
 - Due to a higher deck, the 351M's intake manifold is wider than a 351C.
 - Motor Mounts. 351 Cleveland mounts use two bolts to attach to the engine, whereas the Modified uses three.
If you're not sure what bellhousing you have, check out this handy transmission I.D. chart.
Why the Three Engines?
Though they share displacements, each motor was built and configured for different applications.
For instance, the 4V-351 Cleveland went in the top-tier performance cars, but the 2V351C engines could be found in a smattering of medium-to-full size 1970-74 passenger sedans too. By comparison, the 351M was used in 1975-82 passenger cars, light trucks, and SUVs.
(Ford engineers however, seemed to have stuffed a 351 Windsor in darn-near everything short of their coffee makers.)
And that's what causes the confusion. Swaps between the three engines are common, so you can't always match the engine to the vehicle you found it in. And, given the lack of interchangeability between key components, it's absolutely critical to know what you're wrenching on.
To put it into perspective, Ford offered the 351 Cleveland from 1970-74 (in the U.S.) and the 351 Modified from 1975-82. The 351 Windsor was available from 1969-97, making it by far the most common engine of the trio.
As a final historical footnote, the introduction of the overhead-cam Ford Modular V8 in 1991 meant that the Windsor, Cleveland, and Modified engines represent the final pushrod V8s designed by Ford.
Tags:,,,,
 1. The 'M' actually does stand for 'Modified'. Reference the Ford Master Parts Catalog. Also a point of clarification, the M/400 also had a small bell pattern as well. I can provide pics of both as necessary.
 - Yes if you could I got an 80 f150 4×4 351 mod original engine but I never had a 351 m and not sure what I'm getting into rebuilding it
 - Years ago we called the 351M a "Michigan" or "Midland" because it was from the Midland Michigan plant.
 - Ben you are correct on both statements. And the 400 was not an M, just a 400 351 M was a modified 400
 - Just wondering is the 400 a big block or small people argue with me about all the time
 - Redneckgearhead says:
 Imo Ford never made a "big block" or "small block" that is a general motors designation. Ford had different series engines. But again my opinion.
 - The 335 series engines (C/M) share what's known as the basic architecture, bore spacing, etc., with the Windsor family of engines, commonly known as the Small Block Ford. That would make the C/M engines technically 'small blocks,' albiet different ones from the W's. They are not nearly as big as the FE engines or the 429/460's. Interestingly, the old Y-block engines from 54-64 have the same bore spacing, too. The 260/289 was an updated replacement for the Y-block. The 335 series, with its design dating back to the mid 60's, was originally intended to be the replacement for the 289/302, but government regulations and the oil embargo, mpg concerns, etc., in the early 70's changed all that.
 - Big block. The 351/W is the small block. I have had the (W) in a 93 F150 4×4 & a (C) in a 79 4×4 both were great motors.
 - 400 and down


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Every year at Audubon Zoo, the Asian Pacific American Society hosts Asian Pacific American Society Festival, featuring live entertainment, delicious cuisine, arts & crafts, and more.
The festival usually takes place in the beginning of April.
Asian/Pacific Islanders in New Orleans
Over the 300+ years since the city's founding, New Orleans has welcomed dozens of nationalities into its rich cultural and ethnic mix. Among the most recent group of arrivals are the Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders whose original homelands lie along the western rim of the Pacific Ocean; from Vietnam, China and the Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos to the islands of Japan, and along the northern shores of the Indian Ocean, from Pakistan and India to Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore. Louisiana has an estimated Asian and Pacific Islander population of 54,000 and comprising 1.2% of the state's total population.
The Asian Pacific American Society of New Orleans maintains a website to keep members and others abreast of events happening in the community, as well as a database of demographic information and local resources. To learn more about the society and the local Asian Pacific Islander Community go to _URL_.
See rare and endangered animals in award-winning natural habitat exhibits in this Top 10 , AZA accredited, world-class Zoo. Experience the striking animals of Africa, Central America, the Louisiana Swamp, and more....


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What India Learned from Mapping Health Clinics and other Health GIS News
The Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) which had been asked to asked by [sic] the government to do GIS mapping of all primary health centres and suggest locations for new PHCs to cater to increase in population, has recommended that every industrial cluster like JDIC area should have primary health centres with special focus on occupational health.
Revealing this to TOI, IIPH Director, Dileep Mavlankar says all the government medical colleges should also have at least one occupational health specialist each, who can be consulted for patients reporting in PHCs with occupational diseases or accidents.
Clostridium difficile, which was responsible for a spate of hospital deaths between 2003 and 2007 and infected more than 24,000 patients last year, is one of the most feared hospital bugs.
Now for the first time scientists have traced the epidemic to its outbreak using genetic techniques to reconstruct its path across the world.
The map, published in the journal Nature Genetics, shows how two strains originated in North America and were soon transmitted to Europe.
How did they do it? They used DNA samples of those afflicted worldside to track where the bug had become resistant to drugs. The technique may be used to track other outbreaks.


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Purple jellyfish left the Saronic Gulf, the beaches of Athens, Attica and nearby islands from 1 to 10 July 2022. However, now they have shown up in the Cyclades, which has created new problems for tourists and local authorities.
According to the report JellyReport on the presence of jellyfish in Greece, published on Sunday July 10, strong northerly winds caused the movement of the jellyfish population.
Based on the wind forecast for the week of July 11-17, it is highly likely that northern winds will blow the purple jellyfish further south, possibly leaving the Cyclades in the Aegean and Corfu in the Ionian. Greek biodiversity watchdog.
It should be noted that the winds change direction day and night. However, along with winds, currents are another factor. Where the jellyfish move will always depend on the local sea currents in each area.
JellyReport is published every Sunday and contains useful information about jellyfish sightings for the current month, especially the last ten days, upcoming weather conditions for the next week, and other information about jellyfish in general..
For correct information, citizens are invited to upload their records to iNaturalist through Web site or the corresponding application "iNaturalist" available for Android and ios mobile phones.
Citizens are asked when they see jellyfish (no matter what species) to spend 1-2 minutes to upload jellyfish records to iNaturalistso that everyone is informed about the presence of jellyfish.


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I previously discussed the use of Hierarchical Triangular Mesh (HTM) geometry with a Tessellated Octahedral Adaptive Subdivision Transform (TOAST) projection, and a geometry based on latitude and longitude with an Equirectangular projection. Currently the project is using the following:
- HTM for background stars (both for spatial indexing and deciding which cells to render).
- Equirectangular projections for texturing on planetary bodies.
I thought it would be useful to discuss the combination of geometry and projection with respect to the following:
- Polar Distortion
- Tile Distribution
- Virtual Textures
- Normal Mapping
- Texture Scaling
- Cloud Shadowing
TOAST projections have the advantage of suffering less distortion than equirectangular projections near to the poles. Currently it appears to be easier to find data in equirectangular projection. The Sphere TOASTER tool for WorldWide Telescope allows re-projection from equirectangular to TOAST. However, since the source maps already suffer from polar distortion, the resultant TOAST projections also have poor resolution in polar regions. Finding undistorted data would solve this issue.
Spatial mapping using grid cells based on HTM has a more even distribution than cells based on latitude and longitude. I am therefore using HTM for background stars. This gives an even spatial index, and a more even number of cells to render with respect to camera orientation.
It is easy to generate level-of-detail tiles from an equirectangular source maps using a simple tool. Generating tiles for a TOAST projection from an equirectangular projeciton is possible using the Sphere TOASTER tool for WorldWide Telescope.
Normal mapping using equirectangular projections is straightforward, however leads to texture seams when using TOAST. Since I wanted to use normal mapping for specular lighting, equirectangular maps were more appropriate.
While waiting for virtual texture tiles to load from a cache, I take a parent tile and divide and scale it accordingly to give a lower-resoultion texture. In the case of an equirectangular projection this is a simple algorithm.
I also wanted to cast shadows from clouds. In the case of an equirectangular projection, there is simple algorithm in the pixel shader for converting between texture and model space.


Format Number As Currency
Format Number As Currency
Add the commas that separate digits in large numbers using this FormatCurrency function for Ruby.
function FormatCurrency(NumToFormat)
{
 var Formatted;
 Formatted = NumToFormat.replace(/(^|[^\w.])(\d{4,})/g, function($0, $1, $2)
 {
 var Tmp;
 Tmp = $1 + $2.replace(/\d(?=(?:\d\d\d)+(?!\d))/g, "$&,");
 return Tmp;
 });
 return Formatted;
}
Nathan Pakovskie is an esteemed senior developer and educator in the tech community, best known for his contributions to Geekpedia.com. With a passion for coding and a knack for simplifying complex tech concepts, Nathan has authored several popular tutorials on C# programming, ranging from basic operations to advanced coding techniques. His articles, often characterized by clarity and precision, serve as invaluable resources for both novice and experienced programmers. Beyond his technical expertise, Nathan is an advocate for continuous learning and enjoys exploring emerging technologies in AI and software development. When he's not coding or writing, Nathan engages in mentoring upcoming developers, emphasizing the importance of both technical skills and creative problem-solving in the ever-evolving world of technology. Specialties: C# Programming, Technical Writing, Software Development, AI Technologies, Educational Outreach
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Academic grading in France
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The French grading system is based mostly on a 20-point grading scale: it is used above all in secondary schools and universities.
The French high school diploma baccalauréat uses the 20-point scale, with the following mentions (honors):
 - 14–15.9: good (bien: B)
 - 12–13.9: satisfactory (assez bien: AB)
 - 0–9.9: fail (insuffisant)
Primary schools generally use a 10-point grading scale or a letter grade like the ECTS grading scale. French universities traditionally use the 20-point grading scale, generally in a stricter way than secondary schools, which means that students are unlikely to receive marks as high as they did in secondary school. The case of the classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles is particular in the sense that class ranking rather than marks usually reflect the student performance. An average mark of 7 can therefore be considered as a satisfactory grade if the student performs to be in the top of his class.
The ECTS grading scale is more and more common in the post-secondary education system, since it is the standard for comparing study performance throughout the European Union. The GPA grading scale is becoming more and more common as well, since it eases the comparison with American students.
Some Grandes écoles use "exotic" systems, like Ecole Centrale de Lille, which uses a three-letter scale system:
 - A: Excellent
 - S: Satisfactory (satisfaisant)
 - I: Fail (insuffisant)
External links[edit]


The raincoat is a type of waterproof jacket that protects us from rain. I guess most people wonder about what are raincoats made of. Raincoat jacket specially made of water-resistant fabric and other materials. But before discussing the materials of raincoats you must know when and who invented this? Charles Macintosh in 1836 invented this mixing rubber with fabric and it was the first modern raincoat. But now there are various types of raincoats with different colors available in the market. For kids multiple colors of raincoats also accessible in the market.
The answers to those questions how are raincoats made and what is a raincoat made out of provided with all details. So carefully read this article to know the real facts about making raincoats.
_TAG_ Out What Are Raincoats Made Of:
With the basic fabric materials, the raincoat made of but if those products do not contain water-resistant properties then the researchers add water-resistant products. Here are some materials that need to make raincoats:
1. Nylon:
Nylon is a type of synthetic polymer and looks like silky material. This material is not so much expensive and long-lasting material. Most of the companies in the market prefer nylon for its long-lasting and low cost. For its synthetic polymer, silkiness, and easy folding, many people choose this for the monsoon season and summer season. For its lightweight, you can easily convey when tripping.
2. Fabric Cotton:
The first raincoat was made with fabric cotton. But the raincoat of this material is so heavy to use and also not usable for the kids. Now fabric cotton made raincoat not so much available in the market. Oilcloths of this material are available in the market.
3. Gore-Tex:
Gore-Tex is a waterproof fabric and breathable material. It is usable for all-weather for its lightweight. Gore-Tex was first invented in 1969. It is extremely different from other products and people use this for its comfort. Many raincoat-making companies are using this fabric. It is perfect for an outdoor campaign and trekking.
4. Vinyl Fabric:
Vinyl fabric is made of chlorine and natural gas (ethylene). It is strong plastic materials and mainly used for a raincoat, outdoor tablecloths, and other products. Vinyl fabric is used to forming the raincoats of kids. This material is not too much costly. Various raincoat maker companies prefer this for multiple color options, water revolting, and easy to clean.
5. Wool:
Though wool does not provide waterproof quality in winter place it gives warmth. Making with water-resistant woolen coat provides extra durable and it is mainly used in the fashion garments and military men.
There are also other items that need in making raincoats like belts, buttons, lining, thread, trip, zippers, and seam tape. In the market various types of stylish fashionable raincoats like Waxed jackets, Sou'wester, Gannex, Anorak, Oilskin, Inverness cape, Mino, Driza-Bone, Poncho, etc available.
In the end, I want to say something very important talks, before buying raincoats check colors, durable system, stylish, water-resistance quality, etc those are suits for you. After reading this content the query about what are raincoats made of is now clear to the readers.
Also read: Dress Ideas For 50-year-old Women


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Li Yang, a professor in the College of Engineering and Computer Science, has been selected tor receive a prestigious award from the National Science Foundation.
A Guerry professor, she was selected for the 2021 Director's Award for Superior Accomplishment in National Spectrum Collaboration Group (NSCG). The award recognizes outstanding accomplishment and strategic collaboration in the research and use of radio waves, which are widely used in many technologies, including telecommunications.
"I am honored to work with dedicated colleagues on this important initiative and be selected for the Director's Award for Superior Accomplishment," Yang said.
Yang's research in cybersecurity, computer science, artificial intelligence and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education has attracted more than $4 million funding to UTC from the National Science Foundation, the National Security Agency, the U.S. Department of Defense and other agencies over the years.
She contributes to the NSF's efforts and initiatives to advance the nation's Artificial Intelligence (AI) research and development to create new sectors of the economy and revitalize industries. The National Artificial Intelligence Research Institute's program is a joint effort between various industries and the NSF, the Science and Technology Directorate and the U.S. Departments of Agriculture, Homeland Security and Transportation.
She also manages the NSF Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier program, which supports research to sustain economic competitiveness, promote worker well-being and the pursuit of lifelong learning and quality of life.
In 2019, she was chosen as a Program Director for NSF's Division of Graduate Education. In the role, she is responsible for programs that manage STEM proposals and awards in areas of cybersecurity artificial intelligence, future of the work, computer science, cyber-infrastructure and education research.


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Study Reveals the Crazy Lengths We Go to Avoid Other People
While trying to avoid the forced socializing that sometimes comes when traveling with strangers might not seem like a difficult task, new research reveals that it actually takes a lot of work to be anti-social.
Yale University researcher Esther Kim spent three years riding coach across the great American roadways in order to observe the obsessive quirks and bizarre behavior of those people being transported across the country in the company of strangers.
"We live in a world of strangers, where life in public spaces feels increasingly anonymous," said Kim. "However, avoiding other people actually requires quite a lot of effort and this is especially true in confined spaces like public transport."
During her journey, Kim says she discovered that the greatest unspoken rule of bus travel is that if other seats are available you shouldn't sit next to someone else because most passengers claim it makes a person look weird.
However, it is when the bus starts filling up and more passengers are still getting on that things start to get interesting. Kim says that she found that most people will go out of their way to avoid others. Pretending to be busy, checking cell phones, looking past people or falling asleep are just some of the many ways people avoid fraternizing with the unknown.
- Avoiding eye contact with other people
- Leaning against the window and stretching out your legs
- Placing a large bag on the empty seat
- Sitting on the aisle seat and turning on your iPod so you can pretend you cannot hear people asking for the window seat.
- Placing several items on the spare seat so it is not worth the passenger's time waiting for you to move them.
- Looking out the window with a blank stare to look crazy
- Pretending to be asleep
- Putting your coat on the seat to make it appear already taken
- If all else fails, lying and saying the seat has been taken by someone else
While all of this sounds like such painstaking efforts just to keep from sitting next to a stranger, Kim says the good news is that race, class, gender and other background characteristics were of no concern to travelers — everyone just wants to avoid the "crazy person."


text:
at the time of slaughter the bread had not yet formed a crust in the oven...
(m) Question: What is the source of this?
(n) Answer (Beraisa): "Al Chalos *Lechem* Chametz Yakriv Korbano Al Zevach" - it must be bread, (i.e. a crust must have formed) at the time of slaughter;
1. "Yakriv Korbano Al Zevach" - only slaughter is Mekadesh the bread;
2. "Zevach Todas" - if the slaughter was not Lishmah (l'Shem Todah), the bread is not Mekudash.
(o) (Beraisa): One fulfills his obligation (to eat Matzah on the first night of Pesach) with Matzah that is Na (this will be explained), or with Matzah baked in a pan.
(p) Question: What does it mean 'Na'? (Surely, it does not mean (fully) raw, this is not *Lechem* Oni!)
(q) Answer (Rav Yehudah): If one cuts it and strands do not extend from one side to the other. (Tosfos - this is the same degree of baking as forming a crust.)
(r) (Rava): The same applies to Lachmei Todah.
(s) Question: This is obvious, both of these are called 'Lechem'!
(t) Answer: One might have thought, minimally baked loaves that can fall apart are considered to be broken, this is invalid for Lachmei Todah, since "Echad" teaches that that a full loaf must be taken (from each kind, for Terumah);
1. Rava teaches, this is not so.
4) A "TODAH" THAT WAS SLAUGHTERED FOR 80 LOAVES
(a) (Chizkiyah): If a Todah was slaughtered for 80 loaves, 40 of them become Kodesh;
(b) (R. Yochanan): None of them become Kodesh.
(c) (Amora'im argue about their argument.)
(d) Opinion #1 (R. Zeira): All agree that if the slaughterer said that 40 of them should become Kodesh, 40 become Kodesh;
1. All agree, if he said that all 80 should become Kodesh, none become Kodesh;
2. They argue when he did not specify:
i. Chizkiyah holds that he only intends to Mekadesh 40, the others are Acharayos, R. Yochanan holds that he wants to bring a big Korban of 80 breads.
(e) Opinion #2 (Abaye): (All agree that he intends to Mekadesh all 80, therefore his intent does not Mekadesh the bread - this is unlike the bracketed text.) They argue about whether or not Klei Shares (the same applies to slaughter) are Mekadesh without intent:
1. Chizkiyah holds that they are, R. Yochanan holds that they are not.
(f) Version #1 - Opinion #3 (Rav Papa): All agree that Klei Shares are Mekadesh without intent - they argue about whether or not the knife is Mekadesh like a Kli Shares;
1. Chizkiyah holds that it is, R. Yochanan holds that it is not.
(g) Version #2 - Opinion #3 (Rav Papa): All agree that Klei Shares are not Mekadesh without intent - they argue about whether or not the knife is Mekadesh;
1. Chizkiyah says, since it is Mekadesh even though is does not have an inside, this shows that it has more power to Mekadesh than Kli Shares, it is Mekadesh without intent;
2. R. Yochanan says, it is no better than a Kli Shares.
5) IS AN INVALID SLAUGHTER "MEKADESH" THE BREAD?
(a) (Mishnah): If Todah was slaughtered (with intent) Chutz li'Zmano or Chutz li'Mkomo, the bread becomes Kadosh;
(b) If it was slaughtered and found to be Treifah, the bread is not Kadosh.
(c) R. Eliezer says, if it was slaughtered and found to be a Ba'al Mum, the bread is Kadosh;
(d) Chachamim say, it is not Kadosh.
(e) If Todah, Ayil ha'Milu'im or Kivsei Atzeres were slaughtered Lo Lishmah, the bread is not Kadosh.


text:
Formed in the summer of 2013, Springer Creek Restoration and Preservation Alliance (SCRAPA) is an environmental stewardship group that promotes community engagement around Springer Creek. SCRAPA believes that a commitment to preserving and restoring the environment is key to unified, resilient community.
Vision and goals
Our vision is a healthy creek that contributes to the ecological value of the larger watersheds to which it belongs. In pursuit of this vision, we have three main goals: to preserve the Springer Creek Canyon; to restore the Creek's outflow into Slocan Lake; and to assess industrial sites in the watershed that could impact water quality.
Our local situation has led us to develop two complementary aspects of stewardship education. We seek to promote awareness of the unique and valuable characteristics of our small creek well beyond the local community, and we seek to inform our local community about how important our small creek is to the health of the larger watersheds, and the economic and social benefits of adopting an environmental stewardship ethic.
Stewardship, community development, and recreation
As a small, newly formed group, we have had to respond creatively to an unusual geographic, social and economic situation. In terms of geography, the most ecologically significant part of the Creek, where the watershed joins that of the Slocan River, is also the location of the Village of Slocan, a community in transition from a resource-based economy. While we ultimately hope to cultivate in this local community a strong base of support for preservation and restoration, previous history and current economic depression have so far meant that an environmental perspective, while certainly present, is still a long way from being a significant force in strategic planning. This creates challenges for stewardship education and advocacy.
For example, we want to see Springer Creek Canyon preserved, but the Village holds, and plans to develop, a hydropower license that would impact the Canyon. We want to restore the lower portion of the Creek, but it currently flows through the former sawmill site, a large private lakefront property, whose development is likely necessary if the Village is to thrive again.
Given this complex situation, we realized that we needed to take local economic and social conditions into account. We therefore concluded that the best way ultimately to preserve and restore the Creek is to promote a convergence of economic development and environmental stewardship. A more resilient Village, with strong social and economic bonds, is more likely to appreciate Springer Creek's ecological importance; and by committing to restoration and preservation, a newly branded Village might actually encourage sustainable growth, attracting public and private investors, visitors and new residents alike by emphasizing a strong stewardship ethic.
Confident in this analysis, we then sought a strategy for raising awareness of the unique ecological contribution of Springer Creek and the need for community development in the Village of Slocan. In this context, we decided that the best strategy for the moment, the best way to make Springer Creek interesting and important to both local and wider communities, is to emphasize the recreation value of the highly accessible lower reaches of the Creek. The theory here is that anyone who experiences the Creek, and the Village, and their intimate relationship, will be more likely to appreciate the necessity of environmental stewardship in sustainable development.
SCRAPA welcomes questions and comments. Please contact us at _EMAIL_ or on facebook.


text: Thungabhadra river form an important source of biological resource fostering a large number of flora and fauna. It flows along evergreen forests of Shimoga and Chikamaglur and subjected to different levels of pollution along human settlement areas. The present work was undertaken during 2006-2008 for the study 18 surface water, 33 groundwater and 27 soil samples were collected from 8 different sampling stations selected. It is a multidisciplinary approach involving the major physico-chemical properties, bacteriological parameter (E. coli), heavy metals, nutrients and other derived parameters. The extent of pollution of surface and groundwater is also statistically correlated. The study on surface, groundwater and soil quality has revealed variations among the different parameters at different study sites. Further, the results of surface and groundwater were compared with standards prescribed for drinking water by BIS (1998), its suitability for irrigation purposes and groundwater was classified on the basis of Handa?s (1965), Garrelss and Gibb?s (1970), Piper (1944) and Stuyfzand?s (1989) classifications.


text:
The Benefits of blue corn in pinole
organic and vegan friendly ingredients and protein added
USDA organic blue corn - Blue corn originated in Mexico and continues to be popular in the Southwestern part of the U.S. Studies show that blue corn has 20% more protein content than regular yellow or white corn and contains anthocyanins which are found in blueberries.
Our Protein mixes contain organic cassia cinnamon powder, organic cane sugar, organic cacao powder and organic rice protein powder. Cinnamon is known for being one of the healthiest spices in the world and for lowering heart disease. Organic cane sugar is less processed than traditional sweeteners that are common in other supplemental drink mixes.
Our organic cacao powder contains healthy minerals such as iron, manganese, magnesium and zinc. Organic brown rice protein powder provides amino acids, carbohydrates, and protein that lacks fat and cholesterol. Rice protein is known to being one of the easiest protein powders to digest while being vegan and vegetarian friendly.


_TAG_ - Invoke
Invokes deployed function. It allows to send event data to the function, read logs and display other important information of the function invocation.
serverless invoke --function functionName
 - --function or -f The name of the function in your service that you want to invoke. Required.
 - --data or -d String data to be passed as an event to your function. By default data is read from standard input.
 - --path or -p The path to a json file with input data to be passed to the invoked function. This path is relative to the root directory of the service.
 - --log or -l If set to true, it will output logging data of the invocation. Default is false.
_TAG_ lifecycle events
 - invoke:invoke
serverless invoke --function functionName
This example will invoke your deployed function on the configured Fn Api Url endpoint. This will output the result of the invocation in your terminal.
_TAG_ invocation with data
serverless invoke --function functionName --data '{"name": "Bernie"}'
_TAG_ invocation with logging
serverless invoke --function functionName --log
Just like the first example, but will also outputs logging information about your invocation.
_TAG_ invocation with data passing
serverless invoke --function functionName --path lib/data.json
This example will pass the json data in the lib/data.json file (relative to the root of the service) while invoking the specified/deployed function.
Have questions?


Lightweight forged differential
Differentials are found in all vehicles – in four-wheel drives there are even two of them. They are mostly designed as a hypoid-toothed ring gear or as an input gear with helical teeth on the outside. Both types are connected to a cast housing. This can lead to geometry duplications (e.g. for fastening) which increase the system mass. Hirschvogel opts for a forged component area which can be designed very thin due to the high Young's modulus and the high strength of the steel. Welding the part to a ring gear or speed gear (whose central area then forms the cover of the differential housing) leads to significant weight savings compared to conventional solutions.
Technical specifications
Application Area Differential, powertrain
Material Case-hardening steel for toothed part, bainitic or dispersion-hardening steel for housing component; both materials have good weldability
Porduction process Forged, machined, heat treatment, joined
Characteristics Lightweight solution beyond conventional approaches


text:
A Promising Digital-Based Radio Network Over IP
This paper illustrates the major software and hardware issues associated with a promising digital-based radio network station established in the Hashemite University (HU). The project can be considered as new and simple way to limited broadcasts. Modern broadcasting techniques are to be used; Stereo FM and HTTP stream broadcasting. This radio network is modern and all network devices and computers are to be designed to run without man's existence. Though, it can run with presence of man (semi-automatic). Those devices are connected to a main computer called sound engineering compute, and the overall network is managed by the administrator computer.


Wikia
LGBT Project Wiki
Meatotomy
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Template:Body Modification A meatotomy is a form of penile modification in which the underside of the glans is split. The procedure may be performed by a doctor to alleviate meatal stenosis or urethral stricture, or by a body modification practitioner for the purpose of sexual pleasure or aesthetics. A meatotomy can also result from a Prince Albert piercing being torn out. Some penises have a naturally split underside of the glans as a result of hypospadias. For some men, a greater sensation may be achieved with exposure of and access to the urethra due to the abundance of nerves.
ProcedureEdit
A variety of techniques may be used to make the cut, but a doctor will generally crush the vernal meatus, urethra, and upper frenulum for 60 seconds with a straight Kelly hemostat and then divide crush line with fine-tipped scissors. Other techniques include cauterisation, cutting with a scalpel (sometimes aided by clamps) or by using existing fistulas from piercings to tie-off the area to be cut. Depending on the anatomy of the individual and the extent of the split, meatotomy performed with a scalpel may involve heavy bleeding, while crush and cauterisation methods are relatively bloodless. Regardless of the procedure used, meatotomies, like other genital modifications and genital piercings, heal quickly. Unlike other genital modifications, the glans tissue does not have a tendency to re-adhere to itself or heal closed.
A meatotomy may be extended to subincision or genital bisection, which are both much more complex and serious modifications.
EffectsEdit
Aside from the exposure of previously internal tissues, the newly enlarged urethral opening may hinder the ability to control the direction and shape of one's urine stream. This may result in messy urination and require that the meatotomized individual sit while urinating, however this is not universally true. The larger urethral opening may also reduce the velocity of ejaculate, thereby reducing distance of ejaculation.
Repair of a meatotomy can be painful and difficult, and is similar to hypospadias repair.
See alsoEdit
External linksEdit
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an atlhlete runs around a track that is 100mts long for 3 times and then stops. what is the athletes distance and sisplacement?
Asked by arajeevshashank | 14th Feb, 2018, 06:49: PM
Expert Answer:
distance covered is 100 x 3 =300 mts
displacement = distance between final position and initial position
since runner comes back to same position which he started
so displacement is zero
Answered by Arun | 15th Feb, 2018, 09:29: AM


text:
The front of kitchen and bathroom cabinets, to which the hinged doors are attached.
The front facing of a cabinet typically constructed of hardwood. The vertical pieces, called "stiles," and the horizontal pieces, called "rails," reinforce the cabinet structure and provide mounting support for doors and drawers.
The supporting wood frame attached to the front of the cabinet box to give it structural rigidity.
The front structural rails and stiles of a cabinet to which doors and drawers are generally attached.
A frame of stiles and rails that is applied to the face of a cabinet for style and strength. The face frame is often used to hide plywood edges.
In cabinetmaking a face frame is a flat frame attached to the front of a carcase. The face frame is used to conceal the exposed edges of the plywood panels used to build the carcase.
A cabinet is in essence a box. A face frame is a narrow piece of wood, usually about 2" wide that is attached to the front of this box, framing the opening where the doors go.
In cabinetwork, the front framework from which the doors are hung and drawers are inserted.
A face frame in cabinet making is the frame fixed to the front of a cabinet carcase which obscures the edges of the carcase and provides the fixing point for doors and other external hardware. A face frame provides strength to the front of a cabinet and is also considered a visual feature of particular styles of furniture.


Environment setup and the Derby tools
ij, sysinfo, and dblook are tools that can be used in an embedded or a client/server environment. The import and export utilities and database class loading utilities are database-side utilities, which means that they run in the same JVM as Derby (e.g. on the Server). This means when used in a client/server environment all files imported, exported, or loaded must be local to the Server machine.


text:
In this work orientation effects in rubber materials have been studied by X-ray scattering measurements. The rubber materials were made by injection moulding and were anisotropic as judged from mechanical and swelling measurements. In X-ray diffractograms it was possible to detect preferred orientation of both rubber molecules and zinc oxide. It may also be concluded that zinc oxide acts as an indicator of macromolecular orientation in an anisotropic rubber material.
Посилання на статтю:
Orientation effects in injection-moulded rubber materials studied by X-ray scattering / Hakan Lavebratt and Bengt Stenberg* and Per-Erik Werner // Polymer. – 1993. – Vol 34. – P. _PHONE_.


text:
Lafayette Escadrille (läˌfēĕtˈ, lăfˌēĕtˈ ĕskədrĭlˈ) [key], small group of American volunteer aviators in World War I, created (Apr., 1916) as Escadrille Américaine in the French air service. It was renamed the Lafayette Escadrille in December of the same year in honor of the French hero's service in the American Revolution, and the outfit saw much frontline action and suffered heavy casualties. In Jan., 1918, the Lafayette Escadrille was reorganized in the U.S. army as the 103d Pursuit Squadron.
See E. C. Parson's The Great Adventure (1937, repr. 1972 under the title I Flew with the Lafayette Escadrille); study by H. M. Mason (1964).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.