This is a good article. Click here for more information.
Kauri gum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
A 19th-century carving of a tattooed Maori from kauri gum. The carving is owned and displayed by the Dargaville Museum, New Zealand.
Kauri gum (/kˈri/)[1] is a fossilised resin extracted from kauri trees (Agathis australis), which is made into crafts such as jewellery. Kauri forests once covered much of the North Island of New Zealand, before the arrival of people caused deforestation, causing several areas to revert to sand dunes, scrubs, and swamps. Even afterward, ancient kauri fields continued to provide a source for the gum and the remaining forests.[2][3]
A dark gold transparent smooth lump of resin
Kauri gum, polished
A dark gold transparent rough lump of resin
Kauri gum, unpolished
The Māori had many uses for the gum, which they called kapia. Fresh gum was used as a type of chewing gum (older gum was softened by soaking and mixing with juice of the puha thistle). Highly flammable, the gum was also used as a fire-starter, or bound in flax to act as a torch. Burnt and mixed with animal fat, it made a dark pigment for moko tattooing.[5] Kauri gum was also crafted into jewellery, keepsakes, and small decorative items. Like amber, kauri gum sometimes includes insects and plant material.[6]
Kauri gum was used commercially in varnish, and can be considered a type of copal (the name given to resin used in such a way). Kauri gum was found to be particularly good for this, and from the mid-1840s was exported to London and America. Tentative exports had begun a few years earlier, however, for use in marine glue and as fire-kindlers;[7] gum had even made up part of an export cargo to Australia in 1814.[8]
Since the kauri gum was found to mix more easily with linseed oil, at lower temperatures, than other resins, by the 1890s, 70 percent of all oil varnishes made in England used kauri gum.[9] It was used to a limited extent in paints during the late 19th century, and from 1910 was used extensively in the manufacture of linoleum. From the 1930s, the market for gum dropped as synthetic alternatives were found, but there remained niche uses for the gum in jewellery and specialist high-grade varnish for violins.[9]
Kauri gum was Auckland's main export in the second half of the 19th century, sustaining much of the early growth of the city. Between 1850 and 1950, 450,000 tons of gum were exported.[10] The peak in the gum market was 1899, with 11,116 tons exported that year, with a value of £600,000 ($989,700).[8][11] The average annual export was over 5,000 tons, with the average price gained £63 ($103.91) per ton.[12]
The gum varied in color depending on the condition of the original tree. It also depended on where the gum had formed and how long it had been buried. Colors ranged from chalky-white, through red-brown to black; the most prized was a pale gold, as it was hard and translucent.[4][13] The size of each lump also varied greatly. Swamps tended to yield the small nuggets known as "chips", whereas the hillsides tended to produce larger lumps. The majority were the size of acorns, although some were found which weighed a few pounds; the largest (and rarest) were reported to weigh half a hundredweight.[14] Kauri gum shares a few characteristics with amber, another fossilised resin found in the Northern Hemisphere, but where amber can be dated as millions of years old, carbon-dating suggests the age of most kauri gum is a few thousand years.[7]
A very large grey tree in a jungle-like setting
Kauri tree in Waipoua Forest
Most of the gumfields were in Northland, Coromandel and Auckland, the site of the original kauri forests. Initially, the gum was readily accessible, commonly found lying on the ground. Captain Cook reported the presence of resinous lumps on the beach at Mercury Bay, Coromandel, in 1769, although he suspected it came from the mangroves, and missionary Samuel Marsden spoke of their presence in Northland in 1819.[13]
By 1850, most of the surface-lying gum had been picked up, and people began digging for it. The hillsides yielded shallow-buried gum (about 1 m), but in the swamps and beaches, it was buried much further down (4 m or below).[2]
Stone statue of a middle aged-man with a beard, a shovel, and some other similar instrument
Gum-digger statue at Dargaville
Gum-diggers were men and women who dug for kauri gum, a fossilised resin, in the old kauri fields of New Zealand at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The gum was used mainly for varnish. The term may be a source for the nickname "Digger" given to New Zealand soldiers in World War I.[15] In 1898, a gum-digger described "the life of a gum-digger" as "wretched, and one of the last [occupations] a man would take to."[16]
Gum-diggers worked in the old kauri fields, most of which were then covered by swamp or scrub, digging for the gum. Much of the population was transient, moving from field to field, and they lived in rough huts or tents (which were called "whares", after the Maori for 'house'). It was extremely hard work and not very well paid, but it attracted many Maori and European settlers, including women and children.[17] There were many Dalmatians, who had first come to work the South Island goldfields in the 1860s.[18] They were transient workers, rather than settlers, and much of their income was sent out of the country, resulting in much resentment from the local workforce. In 1898, the "Kauri Gum Industry Act" was passed, which reserved gum-grounds for British subjects, and requiring all other diggers to be licensed. By 1910, only British subjects could hold gum-digging licences.[19]
Gum-digging was the major source of income for settlers in Northland, and farmers often worked the gumfields in the winter months to subsidise the poor income from their unbroken land. By the 1890s, 20,000 people were engaged in gum-digging, of which 7000 worked full-time.[20] Gum-digging was not restricted to settlers or workers in the rural areas; Auckland families would cross the Waitematā Harbour by ferry at weekends to dig in the fields around Birkenhead, causing damage to public roads and private farms, and leading to local council management of the problem.[21]
Large group of men filling a picture of a mining field.
Group of gum-diggers in gumfield (1908)
North Auckland Kauri Forest c1890 - c1910
Most gum was dug from the ground using gum-spears (pointed rods to probe for gum) and "skeltons", defined as blade-edged spades for cutting through old wood and roots as well as soil. Once the gum was retrieved it would need to be scraped and cleaned.[22]
Digging in swamps was more complicated; a longer spear (up to 8m) was often used, often fitted with a hooked end to scoop out the lumps. Scrub was often cleared first with fire; some got out of control and swamp fires could burn for weeks.[23] Holes were often dug by teams in both hills and swamps—often up to 12m deep—and some wetlands were drained to aid in the excavation of gum.[24] As field gum became scarce, "bush gum" was obtained by purposely cutting the bark of kauri trees and returning months later to retrieve the hardened resin. Due to the damage caused to the trees by the cutting the practice was banned in state forests in 1905.[22] Gum chips, small lumps useful for the manufacture of linoleum, were difficult to find, and by 1910, the process of washing and sieving to retrieve the chips became common. The process was later mechanised.[25]
Gum merchants[edit]
Gumdiggers generally sold their gum to local gumbuyers, who transported it to Auckland (generally by sea) for sale to merchants and exporters.[26] There were six major export firms in Auckland who dealt in gum, employing several hundred workers who graded and rescraped the gum for export, packing them in cases made from kauri timber.[27]
As early as the 1830s and 1840s, merchants, including Gilbert Mair and Logan Campbell, were buying gum from local Māori for £5 ($8.25) a ton, or trading it for goods.[8] The majority of the gum was exported to America and London (from whence it was distributed throughout Europe),


le from a valid value. To reliably determine whether the message was an error, use isError(). */ /*! \fn T1 QDBusPendingReply::value() const Returns the first argument in this reply, cast to type \c T1 (the first template parameter of this class). This is equivalent to calling argumentAt<0>(). This function is provided as a convenience, matching the QDBusReply::value() function. Note that, if the reply hasn't arrived, this function causes the calling thread to block until the reply is processed. If the reply is an error reply, this function returns a default-constructed \c T1 object, which may be indistinguishable from a valid value. To reliably determine whether the message was an error, use isError(). */ /*! \fn QDBusPendingReply::operator T1() const Returns the first argument in this reply, cast to type \c T1 (the first template parameter of this class). This is equivalent to calling argumentAt<0>(). This function is provided as a convenience, matching the QDBusReply::value() function. Note that, if the reply hasn't arrived, this function causes the calling thread to block until the reply is processed. If the reply is an error reply, this function returns a default-constructed \c T1 object, which may be indistinguishable from a valid value. To reliably determine whether the message was an error, use isError(). */ /*! \fn void QDBusPendingReply::waitForFinished() Suspends the execution of the calling thread until the reply is received and processed. After this function returns, isFinished() should return true, indicating the reply's contents are ready to be processed. \sa QDBusPendingCallWatcher::waitForFinished() */ QDBusPendingReplyData::QDBusPendingReplyData() : QDBusPendingCall(0) // initialize base class empty { } QDBusPendingReplyData::~QDBusPendingReplyData() { } void QDBusPendingReplyData::assign(const QDBusPendingCall &other) { QDBusPendingCall::operator=(other); } void QDBusPendingReplyData::assign(const QDBusMessage &message) { d = new QDBusPendingCallPrivate(QDBusMessage(), 0); // drops the reference to the old one d->replyMessage = message; } QVariant QDBusPendingReplyData::argumentAt(int index) const { if (!d) return QVariant(); d->waitForFinished(); // bypasses "const" return d->replyMessage.arguments().value(index); } void QDBusPendingReplyData::setMetaTypes(int count, const int *types) { Q_ASSERT(d); QMutexLocker locker(&d->mutex); d->setMetaTypes(count, types); d->checkReceivedSignature(); } #endif // QT_NO_DBUS


text:
Aviation Finance – Part 1: Aircraft Finance – what you need to know
Aircraft finance is a form of asset finance and the term encompasses a wide range of financing and leasing structures. These structures represent different ways of enabling an airline to acquire an aircraft (whether new or second-hand) and then operate it as part of its fleet. How an airline achieves that, and the structure it uses to do so, depend on a variety of factors including:
- How many aircraft it needs and whether permanently or temporarily.
- The type of aircraft it wants to acquire.
- Its financial status.
This note looks at the financing and leasing structures used by airlines to purchase and operate an aircraft during its operational phase (the period from and after its delivery to the airline by the manufacturer).
Parties involved in an aircraft finance transaction:
Globally, there are only a handful of major aircraft manufacturers, the most well known of which are Airbus and Boeing. Separately, there are a number of companies who manufacture aircraft engines and other material components such as the landing gear.
In almost all aircraft finance transactions, the manufacturers of the aircraft and its engines have a role to play
- For a new aircraft, manufacturers will have a very active role, because they need to co-operate with the airline and its financiers to ensure that everything is in place so that the finance is available to purchase the aircraft.
- For a second-hand aircraft, the manufacturers' role is generally limited to making sure that the warranties for the aircraft and its engines are transferred to the airline or its financiers or both when the airline acquires the aircraft.
Airlines need aircraft to operate their businesses. The vast majority of airlines either cannot, or do not wish to, acquire the aircraft they need by using their own funds to purchase them from the manufacturer. Therefore, airlines look to external finance to fund their acquisition of aircraft.
In order to determine the aircraft finance structure best suited to meeting its requirements, an airline assesses many different factors including:
- Does the airline want to acquire a new or second-hand aircraft?
- Does the airline need the aircraft for a short or a long period?
- Does the airline want to own the aircraft or merely lease it?
- If the airline wants to own the aircraft, how much can it contribute to the purchase price from its own funds and how quickly can it repay the rest of the purchase price (that is, the amount which is financed)?
Aircraft Leasing Companies and Operating Lessors
If an airline decides that it does not want to own an aircraft (perhaps because it only needs the aircraft in the short term), the alternative for the airline is to lease the aircraft from a lessor.
There are a number of aircraft leasing companies whose business is to acquire aircraft and lease them to airlines for a fixed period, the length of which depends on the airline's operational needs. These leasing companies acquire both new aircraft, direct from the manufacturer, and second-hand aircraft, either with or without a lease already attached.
Banks lend money, either directly or indirectly, to airlines to enable them to purchase aircraft.
Export Credit Agencies (ECAs)
ECAs are governmental agencies which support goods and services, such as aircraft, that are manufactured in the ECA's home state and are to be exported.
The ECAs act as intermediaries between national governments and exporters by issuing export credit guarantees or credit insurance to banks so that those banks are guaranteed or insured in respect of certain amounts owed to them if the airline is in default. This exposes the banks to sovereign government risk, rather than airline credit risk. Exposure to sovereign government risk is preferable for banks because most sovereign governments are considered to be lower risk than corporate entities.
The European ECAs who support Airbus aircraft are:
- For the UK, Export Credits Guarantee Department (known as ECGD).
- For France, Compagnie française d'assurance pour le commerce extérieur (known as COFACE).
- For Germany, Euler-Hermes Kreditversicherungs-AG (known as Euler-Hermes).
Boeing aircraft are supported by Export-Import Bank of the United States (known as Eximbank).
In 2011, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) published its Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits, and its sector understanding on export credits for civil aircraft (Aircraft Sector Understanding or ASU). The Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits is a framework for the orderly use of officially supported export credits, and the ASU contains rules on the use of state financing to support commercial aircraft exports.
Sometimes a bank financing structure is combined with investment from individual or corporate investors who take more risk, because they usually only see a return after the banks have been repaid in full, in return for a higher return on their investment. Equity investors are often seen in tax efficient leasing structures.
To read the rest of this article please click on the links below.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
FOREST SERVICE BANS OPEN FIRES IN ALABAMA'S NATIONAL FORESTS
MONTGOMERY, Ala. -- With wildfires burning in the Cheaha Wilderness area of the Talladega National Forest, USDA Forest Service officials have issued an order prohibiting open fires in Alabama's four national forests from now until Sept. 30.
"We are fast approaching the last official holiday for the summer, and we want it to be a safe and enjoyable," said Miera B. Crawford, supervisor for the National Forests in Alabama.
The order, which covers forest lands in Bibb, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay, Cleburne, Covington, Dallas, Escambia, Franklin, Hale, Lawrence, Macon, Perry, Talladega, Tuscaloosa and Winston counties, makes it illegal to build, maintain, attend, or use a fire or campfire (wood or charcoal) or stove fire in the Bankhead, Oakmulgee, Talladega or Tuskegee National Forests.
The only exceptions to this prohibition are fires at developed recreation areas within designated fire rings on the Bankhead, Conecuh, Oakmulgee, Shoal Creek and Talladega Ranger Districts. Open fires are prohibited (no exception) in the entire Tuskegee National Forest.
Officials will allow the use of gas or liquid fuel type stoves or backpacking stoves.
Additionally, any and all fireworks or any kind of pyrotechnic devices are prohibited in all four national forests.
The forest service has also closed until Sept. 30 the following Cheaha Wilderness trails due to wildfires: Chinabee Silent Trail, Cave Creek Trail, Nubin Creek Trail, Odum Trail and the Pinhoti National Recreation Trail.
For more information, contact Mary E. Gaines at _PHONE_.


text:
We don't do things the old way. Data platforms have changed, so have our methods.
New world, new methods
Tesseract is Lightfold's design methodology. It's how we build data applications that help users and businesses achieve their goals. Tesseract uses human-centred design, agile and value proposition design to achieve quick wins that make a difference.
Like the geometry suggests, Tesseract draws together four aspects: people, data, action and application. Understanding users and how they do their job in combination with the data estate allows us to construct data applications that enrich and support workflows.
Data applications are as diverse as users and businesses themselves. They can take the form of predictive recommendations, suggesting the next best action users should take. Alternatively, data applications can be as simple as a heads up display bringing together outlier notifications with relevant descriptive analysis.
Tesseract boosts your return on investment in new data platforms because users want to engage with data applications that ease problems and amplify wins. Added to that, data platforms are increasingly pushing toward productised functionality so development is much more efficient. There's literally no value in spinning your wheels. Tesseract's agile approach means you see outcomes sooner, and realise your investment sooner.


text:
This handy instructable will teach you the way to make Bacon and Tatos; a healthy breakfast for one or a side dish for two. This can also be made without the bacon, using olive oil rather than the grease.
Step 1: Materials Needed
For this meal you will need:
5 strips of bacon
2 potatoes of small size
2 cutting boards
Step 2: Preparation of Ingrediants
Preheat the pan to a medium temperature. This was about 6 on my stove. Cut up the bacon and the potatoes (After washing them), making sure to use the separate knifes and cutting boards for health reasons.
Step 3: Cooking the Bacon
After making sure all the bacon is cut up, separate the pieces and throw them in the pan. When they begin to shrivle up and brown, flip or stir around the pieces. Let them cook until they are at the consistency you want, then move them to a plate and put the grease aside if you need to cook a second batch.
Step 4: Cooking the Tatos
Throw the potatoes in with any grease from the bacon. Toss, turn, and flip the tatos until they are soft and slightly browned. Season occasionally with the dash and garlic powder.
Step 5: Plate and Eat!!
After the potatoes are sufficiently cooked, add the bacon back into the pan to heat them up a bit. Lastly, Plate the meal and dig in!! I hope this instructable was helpful and delicious! Feedback is greatly appreciated, as this is my first instructable and I hope to make more in the future.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
One-dimensional Gaussian-core fluid: ordering and crossover from normal diffusion to single-file dynamics
The peculiarity of a bounded pair potential in combination with strong confinement brings some quite interesting new phenomenology in the structure and dynamics of one-dimensional colloidal systems. Such behaviour is atypical in comparison with colloidal systems interacting with potentials that diverge at the origin. In this contribution, by means of molecular dynamics simulations, a confined one-dimensional model of particles interacting via a Gaussian-core pair potential is studied. We explore the effects of confinement, density and temperature on the structural and dynamical correlation functions. Our findings indicate that the static and dynamic liquid-state anomalies already reported in open systems are also present in this 1D model system. Using the radial distribution function and the static structure factor to characterise the spatial ordering, it is observed that the system remains fluid at all densities. However, when the reduced temperature is above 0.03, it displays typical features of a liquid regime, i.e., there exist short-range spatial correlations among particles. In contrast, at lower temperatures and densities, where the particle–particle interaction dominates, the system behaves structurally and dynamically similar to a hard-core repulsive system. In such a region, interestingly, there is a crossover from a liquid to a solid-like regime. At any given temperature, the system undergoes a sort of reentrant structural behaviour as the density increases. At either high densities or temperatures, particle correlations vanish, thus, the system exhibits structural and dynamical properties similar to those of an ideal gas. To examine a possible correlation between the structural anomalies and the diffusive behaviour, the mean-square displacement and the self-intermediate scattering function are also computed. From these observables, we establish the thermodynamic phase-space points where the dynamical behaviour is non-monotonic. In conjunction with the observed anomalous diffusion, we have found a dynamical crossover from single-file diffusion, which is characteristic of one-dimensional systems with a well-defined hard-core, to the ordinary Fickian diffusion present in open systems.


text:
Use of Management Accounting Practices in Carbon Emission Management: Evidence from Australian Companies
Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government,
2015, Volume 21, Issue 1, Pages 5-22
AbstractThis study examines the use of management accounting practices by companies in managing carbon emission issues. The sample consists of 69 Australian companies that participated in the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) 2009 survey. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of survey responses are conducted. In this investigation, relative absence of the use of accounting practices was uncovered. Given that the companies examined were large companies and the majority of them operated in carbon intensive or climate change exposed sectors, it is likely that this under-utilisation of accounting practices translates into a corresponding under-performance in carbon emission management. Acknowledgement: This paper is drawn from Kumarasiri' s (2015) unpublished PhD thesis.
- Article View: 13
- PDF Download: 37


MIT Unleashes Dish Making Machine
In a move that could be considered "one step closer to Star Trek", MIT has developed a machine that not only creates dishes on demand, but recycles the materials from them after the meal into new dinnerware.
Designed by MIT grad student Leonardo Bonanni, the DishMaker frees space in dish cabinets and reduces landfill trash. It also uses less energy to recycle dishes than factories use to make them. And, because the machine can produce up to 150 items, a dinner host would never be short of table settings when unexpected guests arrive: Cooks can select the number of place settings needed using a simple push-button control panel. The prototype DishMaker is the size of a standard dishwasher, and uses the heating element of a toaster oven to shape the items. To recycle the dishes, it heats them to about 300 degrees Fahrenheit to soften the acrylic, then a press restores them to wafers for easy stacking.
The machine holds 150 acrylic wafers and can produce a dish every 90 seconds. The wafers produce plates that are only 6 inches in diameter, the size of an average salad or dessert plate, but the machine can be adapted to use larger wafers.


How to Tell What Year a Schwinn Sting-Ray Bike Is?
How to Tell What Year a Schwinn Sting-Ray Bike Is?
There's an easy way and a more time-consuming method to find out the year your Schwinn Stingray was made. Modern Stingrays -- those made in the 21st century -- have a date code stamped into a specific area of the bike. Date codes, if you know how to read them, will tell you what year Schwinn manufactured the bike. Older, classic Stingrays do not have date codes. Instead, you will have to find and use their serial numbers to determine their manufacturing year.
21st Century Stingrays
Flip your bike over and look for a date code imprinted in the metal of the frame near the left pedal.
Wipe dirt and oil from the date code, if necessary, so you can read it accurately.
Check the last two characters in the date code. If they are "JD," Schwinn manufactured the bike in 2004. If they are "JG," Schwinn manufactured the bike in 2007.
Classic Stingrays
Locate the bike's serial number. It will be on the head tube, the A-frame or the seat tube.
Wipe dirt and oil from the serial number, if necessary, so you can read it accurately. Write it down.
Call a Schwinn representative and tell her the serial number. She will be able to tell you the year the bike was made. Otherwise, you can find online databases that match Schwinn serial numbers to manufacturing dates.
×


text:
Routine Weather Events can Be Costly
As temperatures go down heating bills tend to go up. And now one Colorado research facility has put a number on just how much strain changes in the weather put on the economy.
Researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder used data from the last 70 years to evaluate the "weather sensitivity" of the nation's economy. They say the costs of common weather occurrences, like rainy days or cooler than average temperatures, adds up to nearly $500 billion annually.
Jeffery Lazo is an NCAR economist. He says Colorado's economy is one of the more sensitive where states are concerned.
"We have some industries that are weather sensitive such as agriculture, the tourism industry and we do have a lot of variability across the state from the western slope and the Front Range."
Lazo says they are planning to refine their national estimate. Right now it doesn't include the costs of severe weather events, like this year's devastating tornados in the south or recent flooding seen in mid and northwestern states.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
You must be an Insightly administrator to create a new rule.
Lead assignment rules automate the process of assigning leads as they are added to Insightly, making it easier on sales managers and teams to distribute leads evenly or according to specific criteria. You can choose to assign leads in a number of different ways, including:
- Geographic area, by selecting fields like Postal Code, State/Province, or City.
- Number of employees, by selecting the Employee Count field.
- Your own custom fields that you've set up in Insightly.
- Round robin, by selecting a team or multiple individuals to receive leads on a rotating basis.
You can use almost any lead field to set up a rule, and you can choose from many different matching criteria.
Creating a lead assignment rule
- Click the profile icon, and navigate to the System Settings > Lead Assignment Rules page.
- Click the Add Rule button.
- Enter a name for the rule that summarizes the criteria you'll be entering. In this example, we're assigning leads according to the state or province in their mailing addresses, so we're calling it "Assign by Region."
- Select which methods of entry the rule will apply to. These are the ways your leads are being entered into the CRM. Your options are:
- API - When leads are created automatically from sources outside of Insightly through our API.
- Web to Lead form - When leads are added from an Insightly-generated webform that you place on your website.
- Manually Added Leads - Leads entered by one of your users through their web browser or Insightly mobile app. This also includes copied leads, or contacts that are changed to leads.
- Select more than one of the above - You can apply the same rule to more than one entry method.
- Select none of the above - You can create rules that won't be applied to any of the entry methods above, but can be selected when you import leads.
While you can create more than one lead assignment rule, only one can be active for a particular entry method. In other words, you can set up a rule that applies to leads created from the Web to Lead form and are manually entered. But if you create another rule for manually-entered leads, the first rule you created will no longer apply to that entry type.
- Click the Save Rule button.
- The criteria section will now appear for your rule. This is where you tell Insightly which data to look for and whom to assign the matching leads to. To enter your first set of criteria, click the Add Criteria button.
- Select the field and an operator, then enter a value for the leads you want to match to. For each new filter, click the Add Filter Row link and select the AND or OR operator. Use AND to narrow the number of leads that will match, and use OR to broaden the list of matches with either the preceding value or the next value.
In this example, we're creating a set of criteria for a region of western U.S. states. We'll filter our leads by State/Province fields that are equal to CA OR NV OR AZ.
- When your criteria filters use both AND and OR Boolean operators, you'll need to organize them using the Filter Logic field to correctly match the leads. If you're not mixing AND and OR operators, skip this step.
- Select a team, a user, or multiple users. When a team or more than one user is selected, Insightly will assign the leads in a "round robin" fashion. That means the system will rotate the assignments through the group of users alphabetically by first name.
For example, for a three-person team: Lead #1 goes to user Adam Smith, Lead #2 to David Hume, and Lead #3 to Thomas Reid, then Lead #4 will go to Adam Smith and start the cycle again, evenly distributing the leads as they are added.
- Click the Save Criteria button.
- The rule will be updated and saved with your new criteria. Click the Add Criteria button to add your next set of criteria following steps 6 through 10. Continuing our example, we could add other regions for states in New England and the Southeast U.S.
- Click the bar to the left of an item to reorder the criteria, if necessary. Each entry will be executed sequentially, so if a new lead matches the first set of criteria, it will be assigned and the process will end. If it doesn't match the first, Insightly will check the second, then the third, etc. Place the criteria in an order that considers that logic.
It's a good idea to have the last set of criteria be broad enough to catch leads that will slip through all the other rules. For the regional example, we might have a criteria that says "if State/Province is empty, assign to the sales manager."
- Click the Save Rule button to save your changes.
- Now that your rule is set up, enter a test lead through each of the methods you've selected. If the lead isn't assigned properly, adjust your rules and criteria as necessary. (Don't forget to delete your test leads when you've finished testing.)
Testing the process will also help you catch criteria that may have been overlooked. This can be a bit of a logic puzzle at first, but you'll get the hang of it!


text:
Tassie devil ranks in world's worst sounds
The sound of a tasmanian devil has featured in a list of the world's most horrible sounds.
Over 1.1 million votes were analysed by Professor Trevor Cox of the University of Salford in the UK.
Voting took place via Internet site sound101.org.
Coming in at number 11 out of 34 sounds was the tasmanian devil, which was considered a more horrible sound than the dentist's drill.
Vomiting topped the list, followed by microphone feedback, with babies crying and a "horrible scraping sound" tying for third place.
Fingernails down a blackboard, considered an awful sound by many people, came in at 16th.
Professor Cox says he is driven by a scientific curiosity about why people shudder at certain sounds and not others.
"We are pre-programmed to be repulsed by horrible things such as vomiting, as it is fundamental to staying alive to avoid nasty stuff but, interestingly, the voting patterns from the sound did not match expectation for a pure 'disgust' reaction," he said.
"Similarly, the sound of fingernails down a blackboard has been compared to the warning cries of monkeys - again, something that humans might instinctively respond to because of our ancestry.
"So we examined whether the voting patterns for the scraping sounds were consistent with an evolved response.
"But only for the worst scraping sound were the results consistent with the hypothesis of an evolved response."
Professor Cox is now planning a similar experiment to rate the most pleasant sound in the world.


text:
Workshop 1: Integrative and Collaborative Strategies in Learning and Teaching
Teaching and the teacher's role in the 21st century is changing. In this session the focus is on varied methods of collaborative and integrative teaching as collaboration is one of the 4Cs. Participants will reflect on and design different ways to collaborate with colleagues. Integrative teaching is seen as a deeper form of collaboration.
Key Learning Points:
· Experiences about collaboration: How have you collaborated in teaching (co-teaching) with your colleagues?
· Co-teaching plan: How could you / how are you going to co-teach during the distance learning period?
· Draft of integrative teaching: How can you teach a chosen topic to enable students grasp a holistic picture?
· Quality of co-teaching
· Methods of integrative strategies


text:
The Columbia Museum of Art
implemented a renewable energy project using a recently installed solar panel array on the roof of its building which is reducing the amount of energy the museum has to purchase. The Museum received a $213,500 grant from the US Department of Energy to fund the 177 solar panels, special installation equipment, 6 electrical inverters and a web based monitoring system. A special educational webpage at columbiamuseum.org provides visitors with fun facts, live readings of energy saved, photos and interactive games for kids.
For more information on renewable energy please visit NCInsurance
The Solar Panels will:
PRODUCE 10-20% of the Museums daily usage
OFFSET 40 tons of carbon every year
SAVE 379 trees per year
GENERATE 53,340 kilowatts per hour
This project is a great example of using renewable energy to improve the environment and the economy. Patrons of the museum will be able to learn more about solar technology as they see it work first hand, SC Energy Office
director John Clark said.
This scalable project fosters market penetration of renewable energy technology by promoting the benefits of solar power production. As a downtown anchor, the Museum endorses a cleaner, healthier environment by utilizing a renewable resource to reduce and displace its traditional electricity consumption. This is the only solar project of this size in the city of Columbia.
We are thrilled to be making technological advances that are greatly impacting our environment in a positive way. Additionally, this project allows us to reduce our utility costs and to redirect those resources toward programs that advance our educational mission, Museum executive director, Karen Brosius, said.
The South Carolina Energy Office (SCEO) provides a broad range of resources designed to help citizens, businesses and public entities save energy and money. In recent years, the SCEO has helped save South Carolina over $250 million through public and private energy-saving measures and new energy technologies. The SCEO is a unit of the South Carolina Budget and Control Board. Additional information can be found at _URL_. These projects are funded through a grant from the Department of Energy under Award Number(s) DE-EE0000158.


Compared to a cigarettes, how much nicotine is in tea, coco powder and vegetables like tomatoes and potatoes?
For example, for a normal sized tomato, how many grams of nicotine is present?
 - This article gives a list of vegetables and their nicotine content – Chris Rogers Jan 30 '17 at 22:59
 - Thanks. So what is a "passive smoker", as mentioned in the article? I must be reading the data wrong because that would mean that one eggplant weighing 100 grams would be equivalent to 10 cigarettes worth of nicotine. That can't be true. Am I understanding the data correctly? – Lumo5 Jan 31 '17 at 6:32
 - I understood it the same as you. The article compares the amount of nicotine in food to being in a room with 1 or 2 smokers (moderate smoke in the room) breathing in their smoke but not smoking yourself – Chris Rogers Jan 31 '17 at 9:06
 - So, in a day, if I eat a potato, tomato, some eggplant, tea, and chocolate, that must be equivalent to 2 packs of cigarettes. So why don't people just eat a lot of tomatoes instead of smoking? – Lumo5 Jan 31 '17 at 9:42
 - 1
 I have a hard time believing the info in the article because then we would all be overdosing on nicotine just from eating salads and potatoes. – Lumo5 Jan 31 '17 at 13:36
Not much. Unless your vegetables or teas do contain tobacco or some exotic weeds.
In the letter mentioned in the comments was an interesting table listing different plant sources of nicotine. The highest amount was reported for eggplant containing 100ng/g of nicotine. In that letter this was translated into 10g of plant material needed for a consumer to ingest 1 µg of nicotine. These values were used because this level of exposure was deemed equivalent with the amount of nicotine obtained by a passive indoor smoker. An average cigarette contains around 10mg nicotine. (Take note of the different units of measurement.)
That would mean an unhealthy amount of vegetable is needed to be eaten to approach the nicotine levels of just one cigarette for a smoker.
Although this should have been clear from the start given the different magnitudes this letter provoked quite some reactions:
The main problem with the inferences in these authors' letter is a 500-fold error in the calculations used to determine the vegetable equivalent of toxicologically meaningful exposure to tobacco smoke.
Determining the amount of vegetable consumption suggestive of exposure to cigarette smoke is also more complicated and physiologically difficult than implied by Domino et al.
First, it would take an approximately 500-fold increase in the amount of vegetables estimated by Domino et al. to produce exposure equivalent to half a cigarette a day -- e.g., more than 100 kg of tomatoes would have to be consumed in one day.
Second, as acknowledged by Domino et al., nicotine exposure would be greatly reduced if vegetable skins, which contain most of the nicotine, were not eaten or if they were cooked in water, thereby extracting the nicotine.
Third, ingesting nicotine is not equivalent to inhaling it, since absorption from the stomach is poor and 70 percent of the nicotine entering the circulation is metabolized during its first pass through the liver.
Finally, it has been well confirmed that the exposure to tobacco smoke indicated by a plasma concentration of 5 to 10 ng of cotinine per milliliter is of clear toxicologic importance,3 whereas there is no evidence that daily exposure to the equivalent of 1 percent of the smoke from one puff of a cigarette would be of toxicologic importance or could possibly confound assessment of environmental exposure.
[formatting and emphasis added]
To which the original author responded:
The amount of nicotine in certain vegetables is obviously too small to produce any pharmacologic or toxicologic effects. The difference between the small amount of nicotine in certain vegetables and the large amount in one average tobacco cigarette offers a marvelous lesson, both pharmacologic and toxicologic, on the importance of dose-effect relations. We never intended to suggest that vegetarians could become nicotine addicts, or that children who hate vegetables have a legitimate reason for refusing to eat them.
Many plants, only especially those of the nightshade family, contain chemicals that are classified as active drugs; like nicotine. But tobacco is specifically breed for nicotine content and cigarettes are standardised for its content.
Determination of the Nicotine Content of Various Edible Nightshades (Solanaceae) and Their Products and Estimation of the Associated Dietary Nicotine Intake:
Aubergines. Aubergines were investigated by Castro and Monji (1986), Sheen (1988), and Davis et al. (1991) with inconsistent results. The concentrations published previously include not detectable (Davis et al., 1991), >100 μg kg-1 wet weight (Castro and Monji, 1986), and 2.65 mg kg-1 dry weight (Sheen, 1988). We investigated four different types of aubergines, and nicotine could only be quantified in one sample. In two of the remaining samples, nicotine was detected but could not be quantified. […]
Tea. Conflicting results are found in the literature concerning nicotine concentrations in black tea (Sheen, 1998; Davis et al., 1991; Domino et al., 1993). Therefore, tea samples were analyzed for nicotine to address these contradictory results. The concentrations that were found in the dry tea leaves (Table 6) were surprisingly high in concentration, ranging from 163 to 1600 μg kg-1. Large variations were found within the types of black tea, whereas the concentrations were more or less consistent within the green teas. For an estimation of the dietary nicotine intake from tea, the nicotine concentration of the tea leaves is less relevant than that in brewed tea. Tea was brewed using common amounts of tea leaves and water. The results show that nicotine is not efficiently extracted by conventional brewing techniques (Table 7). Even tea with very high nicotine concentrations in the leaves (e.g., teas 3 and 4) do not show high amounts in the brewed tea. If detectable, the extraction yield is in a range of 20-25%.
Averaged Nicotine Concentrations
 Based on the Observed Nicotine Concentrations
source nicotine (ng/g) SD (ng/g)
nicotine from potatoes 4.5 1.9
nicotine from tomatoes 2.7 0.7
nicotine from tomato paste 5.3 0.6
nicotine from tomato sauce 4.5 1.5
nicotine from ketchup 7.3 1.5
nicotine from aubergine 2.1 0.5
nicotine from brewed tea 4.0 0.3
The edible Solanaceae analyzed in this investigation were found to contain relatively consistent amounts of nicotine in the range of 2-7 μg/kg for fresh fruits. These results are in agreement with most but not all of the previous results reported in the literature. Nicotine appears to survive a variety of processing operations such as the preparation of tomato ketchup, sauces, and pastes as well as frying and boiling of potatoes. These products showed slightly higher concentrations in comparison to the related fresh fruits. Relatively large concentrations of nicotine found in tea leaves were not reflected in brewed tea. Using food consumption data from government sources, a mean estimated daily dietary intake of nicotine is approximately 1.4 and 2.25 μg/day at the 95th percentile based on the nicotine content and consumption data discussed in this report. It is possible that these estimates are low because of incomplete food consumption data. Further work is required to relate the estimated dietary nicotine intake to nicotine metabolite concentrations in biological fluids to be able to make reliable statements about the importance of dietary nicotine intake in comparison to environmental tobacco smoke exposure.
To bring that back into perspective, a reminder on SI units of magnitude seems appropriate:
10−3g = mg = milligram
10−6g = µg = microgram
10−9g = ng = nanogram
Nicotine is the principal alkaloid in commercial tobacco, N. tabacum, usually accounting for >90% of the alkaloid fraction whereas nornicotine, anabasine, and anatabine seldom accumulate to >5%. Further nicotinoids are present only in very small concentrations in tobacco (Bush et al. 1999).[…]
Nicotinoid Content of Cured Tobacco Leaves and Tobacco Smoke. Of course there are differences concerning the qualitative alkaloid profile of green tobacco leaves, cured leaves, and tobacco smoke. This is also true from the quantitative point of view. Thus, due to enzymatic transformation during senescence and air-curing, e.g., the nicotine content may be reduced in favour of an increased amount of nornicotine. This may happen even to an extreme extent. Due to individual genetic conversion so-called "converters" are able to metabolize leaf nicotine to its nor congener up to 95% (Siminszky et al. 2005 and references therein). This happens more frequently in burley cultivars than in flue-cured tobaccos. Moreover, aging and flue-curing turned out to lead to a reduction on the concentrations of minor nicotinoid components.
The accumulation of large amounts of nicotine and/or its congeners is confined to four solanaceous genera belonging to two clades of the subfamily


Cracks
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Idioms.
compressor blade damage
compressor blade damageclick for a larger image
Various types of damages that compressor blades can sustain. Only one or two may take place simultaneously though these have been combined in this illustration.
The various types of damages to compressor blades and their appearances are as follows:
i. Bend. The blade gives the appearance of ragged edges. Smooth repair of the edges or surface in question can be carried out, but the extent of the damage that can be repaired is limited.
ii. Bow. The main source of this type of damage is a foreign object. The blade is bent at the tips and the edges.
iii. Burning. The damage is caused by overheating. The surface of the blade is discolored. If the overheating is severe, there may be some flow of material as well.
iv. Burr. A ragged or turn-out edge is indicative of this type of damage. This takes place during the grinding or cutting operation of the blade at the manufacturing stage.
v. Corrosion. Oxidants and corrosive agents, especially moisture present in the atmosphere, are the main reasons for the corrosion or pitting of the blades. Normally, regular washing is sufficient to prevent it. The blade gives a pitted appearance, and there is some breakdown of the surface of the blade. Also called pitting.
vi. Cracks. Excessive stress from shocks, overloading, or faulty processing of blades during manufacturing can cause cracks and result in their fracture.
vii. Dent. These can be caused by FOD (foreign-object damage) or strikes by dull objects like those in bird strikes. Minor dents can be repaired.
viii. Gall. This type of damage is from the severe rubbing of blades, in which a transfer of metal from one surface to another takes place.
ix. Gouging. The blade gives the appearance of displacing material from its surface, and a tearing effect is prominently visible. This type of damage is from the presence of a comparatively large cutting material or foreign body between moving parts.
x. Growth. The damage manifests itself in the form of elongation of the blades. Growth type of damage takes place because of continued and/or excessive heat and centrifugal force.
xi. Score. Deep scratches are indicative of scoring, which is caused by the presence of chips between surfaces.
xii. Scratch. Narrow and shallow scratches are caused by sand or fine foreign particles as well as by mishandling the blades.
xiii. Pitting. Pitting takes place because of atmospheric corrosion, especially seawater. The surface of the blade shows signs of pitting.
References in periodicals archive ?
And cracks are dividing into different grades (grading standard is shown in Table-1).
Mild anodization (MA) is slower while the hard anodization (HA) is faster process; however the drawback of the HA is the cracks on the surface of alumina.
A panel of dimension 100 X 100 mm is considered for analysis with a hole of diameter 10mm to simulate the effect of damages like dents, cracks, gouges and scratches critical being the crack, thickness of the panel is 20mm.
Shear cracks can run completely through the stem and separate it into two halves.
The slip that occurs between the concrete and reinforcing steel will introduce the strain incompatibility near the cracks [7].
It was found that the interaction between cracks affected the initiation rather than the growth of cracks.
For the nonlinear dynamic investigation of crack structures, many researchers considered cracks as open-crack models.
The cracks affected the barangay road along Purok 1 in Sitio Taytay leading to the barangay proper of Cantuyoc, rendering it impassable to motorists and isolating a sitio.
For example, in most new builds and extensions it is common to see shrinkage cracks around windows and doors and at wall and ceiling junctions which are often associated with the drying out of new building materials.
This paper addresses two goals: first of all, to experimentally characterize the layer of zinc applied during the hot-dip galvanization process, in order to obtain necessary information about the uniformity of the zinc layer and the number of cracks and their length, and finally to estimate the behaviour of the cracks located in zinc layer when the mechanical loading is imposed.
Look for cracks on the cover near its pivot point with the receiver.


Why Does My Subwoofer Make a Popping Noise?
A popping noise from the subwoofer indicates a power mismatch in the circuit. The popping noise occurs as the amplifier tries to produce more voltage than it can to meet the demands of the subwoofer. This ends up clipping the sound on every cycle.
A power mismatch is not the only issue that causes a popping noise from the subwoofer. The noise may also be due to loose connections in the circuit.
To fix the error, check that the power outage from the amplifier matches the subwoofer's RMS. The amplifier producing much less power than it should could be clipping the subwoofer, but also check if it's producing more power than the subwoofer can handle. More RMS power from the amplifier gradually heats up the voice coil and may burn it out. A solution to this is getting a condenser that's used to steady the power and transmit it out in stable currents.
A loose connection may also exist in the wire connections to the amplifier, voice coil or in the subwoofer itself. Carefully check all these wires and ensure that none of them are loose or melted away. Wires connecting the speaker cones and voice coils should also be checked and tightened.


text:
Authors: Li-Ping Zhong
Addresses: School of Electrical and Automatic Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, China
Abstract: The high-frequency signal injection method is an effective method to realise the sensorless detection of the rotor position of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which can estimate any position of the rotor in the whole speed range. When the frequency of the injected signal is high, the rotating high-frequency current injection method can obtain more significant signal with rotor position information for PMSM with small salient characteristics, so it can obtain higher position estimation accuracy. However, the traditional method of injecting high-frequency current needs current source inverter or complex control mode, which is difficult to apply in practice. The drive circuit based on LC resonant network can convert the resonant voltage signal into the current signal, thus the driving voltage and rotating high-frequency current signals can be simultaneously provided to the PMSM through the voltage source inverter, which greatly facilitates the extraction and processing of rotor position information and improves the sensorless detection accuracy of rotor position. The experimental results verified the effectiveness of the circuit and method.
Keywords: LC resonant network; rotating high-frequency current injection; high-frequency negative sequence component; double PI regulator.
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, 2020 Vol.64 No.2, pp.143 - 150
Received: 01 May 2020
Accepted: 13 Jun 2020
Published online: 30 Nov 2020 *


text:
See what questions
a doctor would ask.
Ballistocardiograph: A ballistocardiograph is a medical device used to record the vibrations produced from heart contractions as they are transmitted to the chest wall. Electronic sensors are attached to the chest wall to detect and record movement.
These diseases are related to the medical device Ballistocardiograph:
These devices are types of the medical device Ballistocardiograph:
Search Specialists by State and City


text:
'Orion' is a Camassia variety in the Quamash genus with a scientific name of Camassia quamash. This variety is a Herb that typically grows as an Perennial, which is defined as a plant that matures and completes its lifecycle over the course of three years or more. Orion is known for its Forb habit and growing to a height of approximately 60.0 cm (1.95 feet).
Orion Camassia is normally quite a low maintenance plant and is normally very easy to grow - great for beginner gardeners!
This variety plant info is provided by the myfolia gardener's wiki. All details about Orion have been kindly provided by our members.
How to grow Orion
Keep in mind when planting that Orion is thought of as hardy, so it can be safe to leave outdoors for the majority of winter (although if in doubt, using a row cover is often a good idea). The USDA Hardiness Zones typically associated with Orion are Zone 4 and Zone 8. Ideally plant in loamy, clay and sandy soil and try to keep the ph of your soil between the range of 5.1 and 7.8 as Orion likes to be in weakly acidic soil to weakly alkaline soil.
Growing Orion from seed
Ensure that temperatures are mild and all chance of frost has passed before planting out, as Orion is a hardy plant.


text:
New University of Florida program helps developers build environmentally friendly communities
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — As the boom in residential construction alters the landscape and boosts demand for energy and water, a new University of Florida program is helping developers build communities that protect the environment while maintaining the economic benefits of growth.
The Program for Resource Efficient Communities, sponsored by UF's School of Natural Resources and Environment, encourages sustainable development practices by working with builders, architects and other professionals involved in all phases of residential community development.
"Many new developments are master-planned communities with thousands of homes consuming large amounts of energy and raw materials," said Pierce Jones, a professor in UF's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and director of the program. "These communities represent a major change in land use from agricultural and natural areas to urban or suburban. Developers buy large tracts of land, and their decisions can affect important ecological systems."
The program matches the knowledge of UF faculty with the needs of developers. Participating faculty have expertise in many disciplines, including environmental engineering, energy, water, wildlife, forestry, landscape architecture and building construction.
Stephen Mulkey, director of research and outreach for the natural resources and environment school, said the school helps the program gain access to UF county extension offices to address the issue of growth in the state. "The program has shown that we can meet the needs of development and do it in a sustainable way," he said.
The Program for Resource Efficient Communities recently worked with developers of the Harmony community in Central Florida. All 7,200 homes in Harmony will be built to meet or exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Energy Star standards.
"This means lower electric bills for each homeowner," Jones said. "The overall result is a reduction in the demand for power generation and the need to burn fossil fuels."
More than 7,000 of Harmony's 11,000 acres are devoted to woods, wetlands, lakes, parks and recreation areas available to residents, he said. The golf course, which wraps around existing wetlands, was designed to preserve the area's diverse plant and animal life.
"Developers are beginning to realize that they can offer open space as an amenity and add other features such as golf courses to enhance the natural environment rather than degrade it," Jones said.
Some cities in Florida are providing additional incentives for builders to use "green" building methods, he said. The City of Gainesville recently implemented a green building program to promote the voluntary use of sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in design and construction. The city uses standards developed by the Florida Green Building Coalition and the U.S. Green Building Council.
"The Program for Resource Efficient Communities evaluates these certification standards for best design and management practices," Jones said. "Builders who follow the standards receive fast-track permitting and a 50 percent reduction in permitting fees."
He said UF faculty also participated in the design and development of Madera, an 88-home community developed by GreenTrust, LLC, on a wooded 44-acre site adjacent to the UF campus.
"The first home built in the Madera community took advantage of the Gainesville Green Building Program and saved the builder $650 in permit fees after accounting for the fast- tracking and 50 percent discount," Jones said.
Those who buy Madera homes can choose from a range of construction and appliance packages that reduce electricity and water usage as compared to a typical home, Jones said. Durable and recyclable construction materials reduce the amount of waste going into landfills. Landscaping with native and drought-tolerant plants further reduces water consumption and the amount of turf, pesticides and fertilizers needed.
The Program for Resource Efficient Communities evaluates and promotes several other green certification programs and standards, including Audubon International's Signature Programs, a series of nonprofit education and assistance programs to help landowners, managers and developers follow sustainable practices.
In addition to reviewing certification standards, the program creates and teaches continuing education courses that satisfy Florida licensing and professional association requirements.
Some of the course topics include construction techniques to improve indoor air quality, deter termites and limit building moisture problems such as mold and mildew. Other areas focus on windstorm-resistant housing, durable materials and renewable and recyclable resources for building construction.
Jones said the program also develops environmental education for homeowners, supports applied research and provides case studies. The program screens research at UF to identify projects of interest to developers and leverages collaborative efforts in the private sector to determine new areas of potential research for UF faculty.
"We want to show everyone from developers and homeowners to realtors and mortgage bankers that energy efficiency adds value to a home while helping conserve our natural resources," Jones said. "We want to make people aware that alternative methods of design and construction are available. In the face of Florida's rapid growth, green building methods can help to preserve and even enhance our quality of life."


text:
The upper left corner of pages of a standard YetaWF site displays an icon which allows switching between Site Edit Mode and Site View Mode (using the Page Edit Mode Selector Module).
Only authorized users can switch to Site Edit Mode, which allows to edit modules and their settings. Once in Site Edit Mode, additional module icons and actions are available and all available panes are visible.
In Site Edit Mode, many modules render differently than in Site View Mode. In this example, the Text Module allows editing its contents using CKEdit (a full featured editor).
Additional actions are available for most modules displayed along the bottom of the module.
When the mouse cursor hovers over a module in Site Edit Mode, the background color of the module changes so the module's dimensions are easily identifiable.
When the mouse cursor hovers in the upper left corner of a module, the Module Menu is opened, providing access to the module's actions along with additional actions to move the module to another pane or within the pane.
The available actions are module specific. Depending on where the module is located Move To and Move menu entries are available, which can be used to move the module to another pane or move the module within the pane.
Most modules offer Module Settings which display a list of properties for module customization.
If a module stores some form of data, exporting module data to a ZIP file is provided using the Export Module menu entry. Exported module data can then be imported using Control Panel, Import Module tab, which creates a new module. This is an easy way to make a duplicate of a module so the copy can be modified.
The Localization Resource action displays and manages localization resources for the package implementing the module. It is used to translate all strings and resources used by a package into another language. For more information see National Language Support.


text:
The easiest way to determine the proper diameter bushing is to measure the neck diameter of several loaded or dummy cartridges with an accurate micrometer. (These dummy cartridges can be loaded with your old set of dies or a borrowed set.) Then, simply subtract 0.001" from the cartridge that had the smallest average measurement. This will allow for a slight amount of spring back and create a proper press fit for the bullet.
Another method of determining bushing size, is to measure the neck wall thickness of the cartridge cases with a ball type or tubing micrometer. Double this measurement and add the bullet diameter to calculate the neck diameter of a loaded cartridge. As above, subtract 0.001" from this figure to determine bushing size. This method is the least desirable of the two, as a ball micrometer is fairly expensive and more difficult to read consistently than a conventional micrometer.


Ambato · Population
Question: What is the population of Ambato? Answer: Ambato, Ecuador (Administrative unit: Tungurahua) - last known population is ≈ 165 200 (year 2010). This was 1.106% of total Ecuador population. If population growth rate would be same as in period 2001-2010 (+0.78%/year), Ambato population in 2021 would be: 179 829*.
Population history [1]
Annual population change
[_PHONE_] +3.21 %/year
[_PHONE_] +3.21 %/year
[_PHONE_] +2.68 %/year
[_PHONE_] +1.98 %/year
[2001-2010] +0.78 %/year
GPS coordinates: -1.254, -78.623
Local time in Ambato: 11:46 Sunday GMT-5.
share this..
Ambato on city and population density map
Sources, Notices
1962c, 1974c, 1982c, 1990c, 2001c, 2010c. Legend: e-estimate, c-census, o-other,..
* Unofficial, calculated population.
[1] Sources
El Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos del Ecuador In Spanish
INEC, Resultados de Búsqueda Population files (Spanish)
List of cities in Ecuador (DE) Ret. 2018-04-27
- Hammond world atlas 1976, 1998 (Census 1962, 1974)


cypress french
Cypress French (Cupressus sempervirens) 100% Pure Essential Oil
BOTANICAL NAME: Cupressus sempervirens
SCENT: Cypress French Essential Oil has a spicy, herbaceous, slightly woody evergreen aroma. It is fresh and clean.
PLANT PART USED: Needles and Twigs
EXTRACTION METHOD: Steam Distillation.
ORIGIN: France
COLOUR: Cypress French essential oil has a pale yellow hue
NOTE: Middle
The Cypress is a perennial, conical-shaped tree that is about 28 meters (80 feet) high. It is an evergreen with dark green foliage, small flowers and round brown-grey cones with seed nuts inside. The wood is hard and durable, and red-yellow in colour.
Traditional and Emotional uses reportedly include:-
Aromatherapy uses include in massage, combatting excessive perspiration (particularly feet), haemorrhoids, menorrhagia, oily skin, rheumatism, and varicose veins.
Aromatherapists also commonly credit Cypress French with being a relaxing, nerve soothing essential oil. It has the properties of an astringent and has been used in skin care applications.
Cypress French blends well with Bergamot, ClarySage, Fennel, Grapefruit, Juniper, Lavender, Lemon, Lime, Orange, Pine, Rosemary and Tangerine.
The Phoenicians and Cretans used Cypress wood for building ships and homes. The Egyptians used the wood for making sarcophagi (coffins), and the Greeks used it for sculpturing statues of their gods. The Greek word 'Sempervirens' means 'lives forever' or ever-living. The tree gave its name to the island of Cypress where it used to be worshipped. The legend says the cross of Jesus had been made of cypress wood and it generally seems to be connected with death.
Weight 0 kg


category, you indicate the minimum log level to send. There are two examples: the first example targets the Functions version 2.x runtime (.NET Core) and the second example is for the version 1.x runtime.
Version 2.x
The v2.x runtime uses the .NET Core logging filter hierarchy.
{
 "logging": {
 "fileLoggingMode": "always",
 "logLevel": {
 "default": "Information",
 "Host.Results": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Trace"
 }
 }
}
Version 1.x
{
 "logger": {
 "categoryFilter": {
 "defaultLevel": "Information",
 "categoryLevels": {
 "Host.Results": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Trace"
 }
 }
 }
}
This example sets up the following rules:
 - For logs with category Host.Results or Function, send only Error level and above to Application Insights. Logs for Warning level and below are ignored.
 - For logs with category Host.Aggregator, send all logs to Application Insights. The Trace log level is the same as what some loggers call Verbose, but use Trace in the host.json file.
 - For all other logs, send only Information level and above to Application Insights.
The category value in host.json controls logging for all categories that begin with the same value. Host in host.json controls logging for Host.General, Host.Executor, Host.Results, and so on.
If host.json includes multiple categories that start with the same string, the longer ones are matched first. Suppose you want everything from the runtime except Host.Aggregator to log at Error level, but you want Host.Aggregator to log at the Information level:
Version 2.x
{
 "logging": {
 "fileLoggingMode": "always",
 "logLevel": {
 "default": "Information",
 "Host": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Information"
 }
 }
}
Version 1.x
{
 "logger": {
 "categoryFilter": {
 "defaultLevel": "Information",
 "categoryLevels": {
 "Host": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Information"
 }
 }
 }
}
To suppress all logs for a category, you can use log level None. No logs are written with that category and there's no log level above it.
The following sections describe the main categories of logs that the runtime creates.
Category Host.Results
These logs show as "requests" in Application Insights. They indicate success or failure of a function.
Requests chart
All of these logs are written at Information level. If you filter at Warning or above, you won't see any of this data.
Category Host.Aggregator
These logs provide counts and averages of function invocations over a configurable period of time. The default period is 30 seconds or 1,000 results, whichever comes first.
The logs are available in the customMetrics table in Application Insights. Examples are the number of runs, success rate, and duration.
customMetrics query
All of these logs are written at Information level. If you filter at Warning or above, you won't see any of this data.
Other categories
All logs for categories other than the ones already listed are available in the traces table in Application Insights.
traces query
All logs with categories that begin with Host are written by the Functions runtime. The "Function started" and "Function completed" logs have category Host.Executor. For successful runs, these logs are Information level. Exceptions are logged at Error level. The runtime also creates Warning level logs, for example: queue messages sent to the poison queue.
Logs written by your function code have category Function and can be any log level.
Configure the aggregator
As noted in the previous section, the runtime aggregates data about function executions over a period of time. The default period is 30 seconds or 1,000 runs, whichever comes first. You can configure this setting in the host.json file. Here's an example:
{
 "aggregator": {
 "batchSize": 1000,
 "flushTimeout": "00:00:30"
 }
}
Configure sampling
Application Insights has a sampling feature that can protect you from producing too much telemetry data on completed executions at times of peak load. When the rate of incoming executions exceeds a specified threshold, Application Insights starts to randomly ignore some of the incoming executions. The default setting for maximum number of executions per second is 20 (five in version 1.x). You can configure sampling in host.json. Here's an example:
Version 2.x
{
 "logging": {
 "applicationInsights": {
 "samplingSettings": {
 "isEnabled": true,
 "maxTelemetryItemsPerSecond" : 20
 }
 }
 }
}
Version 1.x
{
 "applicationInsights": {
 "sampling": {
 "isEnabled": true,
 "maxTelemetryItemsPerSecond" : 5
 }
 }
}
Note
Sampling is enabled by default. If you appear to be missing data, you might need to adjust the sampling settings to fit your particular monitoring scenario.
Write logs in C# functions
You can write logs in your function code that appear as traces in Application Insights.
ILogger
Use an ILogger parameter in your functions instead of a TraceWriter parameter. Logs created by using TraceWriter go to Application Insights, but ILogger lets you do structured logging.
With an ILogger object, you call Log<level> extension methods on ILogger to create logs. The following code writes Information logs with category "Function."
public static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Run(HttpRequestMessage req, ILogger logger)
{
 logger.LogInformation("Request for item with key={itemKey}.", id);
Structured logging
The order of placeholders, not their names, determines which parameters are used in the log message. Suppose you have the following code:
string partitionKey = "partitionKey";
string rowKey = "rowKey";
logger.LogInformation("partitionKey={partitionKey}, rowKey={rowKey}", partitionKey, rowKey);
If you keep the same message string and reverse the order of the parameters, the resulting message text would have the values in the wrong places.
Placeholders are handled this way so that you can do structured logging. Application Insights stores the parameter name-value pairs and the message string. The result is that the message arguments become fields that you can query on.
If your logger method call looks like the previous example, you can query the field customDimensions.prop__rowKey. The prop__ prefix is added to ensure there are no collisions between fields the runtime adds and fields your function code adds.
You can also query on the original message string by referencing the field customDimensions.prop__{OriginalFormat}.
Here's a sample JSON representation of customDimensions data:
{
 customDimensions: {
 "prop__{OriginalFormat}":"C# Queue trigger function processed: {message}",
 "Category":"Function",
 "LogLevel":"Information",
 "prop__message":"c9519cbf-b1e6-4b9b-bf24-cb7d10b1bb89"
 }
}
Custom metrics logging
In C# script functions, you can use the LogMetric extension method on ILogger to create custom metrics in Application Insights. Here's a sample method call:
logger.LogMetric("TestMetric", 1234);
This code is an alternative to calling TrackMetric by using the Application Insights API for .NET.
Write logs in JavaScript functions
In Node.js functions, use context.log to write logs. Structured logging isn't enabled.
context.log('JavaScript HTTP trigger function processed a request.' + context.invocationId);
Custom metrics logging
When you're running on version 1.x of the Functions runtime, Node.js functions can use the context.log.metric method to create custom metrics in Application Insights. This method isn't currently supported in version 2.x. Here's a sample method call:
context.log.metric("TestMetric", 1234);
This code is an alternative to calling trackMetric by using the Node.js SDK for Application Insights.
Log custom telemetry in C# functions
You can use the Microsoft.ApplicationInsights NuGet package to send custom telemetry data to Application Insights. The following C# example uses the custom telemetry API. The example is for a .NET class library, but the Application Insights code is the same for C# script.
Version 2.x
The version 2.x runtime uses newer features in Application Insights to automatically correlate telemetry with the current operation. There's no need to manually set the operation Id, ParentId, or Name fields.
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using


Ask Joey ™ a Question
What is the difference between Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K?
The key difference is that Regulation S-X focuses on financial information while Regulation S-K focuses on nonfinancial information. The two visuals below outline what is required under each regulation:
You might also be interested in...
 - What is regulation S-K?
 Regulation S-K governs the form and content of all nonfinancial statement related disclosures that are related to the financial statements. The visual below outlines the key nonfinancial disclosures that are required.
 - What is regulation S-X?
 Regulation S-X governs both the form and content of the financial statements and the financial statement disclosures. The visual below outlines what is required under Regulation S-X for the annual financial statements (10-K) and interim financial statements (10-Q).


text:
Reducing emissions of data centre activity
Microsoft Ireland Research has been working on electricity grid research that allows the exact energy consumption and emissions to be measured for any piece of computation performed in a data centre. This allows past or predicted emissions to be calculated for any computation performed in the cloud
and opens the doorway to measuring and reducing the emissions produced by data centres around the world.
In a paper presented at the 11th international conference on Electrical Power Quality And Utilisation
, Conor Kelly of Microsoft Ireland and Antonio Ruzzelli of University College Dublin outlined how data centre emissions can be calculated, and presented sample measurements showing that performing computation when ample wind energy was available on the grid emitted less than 1% of the emissions of the same piece of computation performed at another time when the bulk of the electricity consumed was produced by fossil fuel power plants.
As carbon taxes, emissions trading and environmental imperatives become an increasing influence around the world, and the EU looks to slash carbon emissions by 30 percent from 1990 levels by 2020, measuring and controlling the emissions resulting from the energy consumed in data centres will become as important as controlling the energy consumption itself. The research puts in place the calculations required to understand these emissions, which can in turn be used to inform their reduction. This opens up another path to reducing the growing emissions produced by data centres worldwide.
Putting a CO2 Figure on a Piece of Computation has been published by the IEEE and can be viewed here.


text:
John Joseph Lynott
Born August 25, 1921 - April 20, 1994
Direct Access Magnetic Disc Storage Device
Patent #: 3,503,060
John Lynott and William Goddard, together with Louis Stevens and a team of engineers, invented a unique magnetic disk storage device at the IBM Lab in San Jose in the 1950s. The magnetic disk drive replaced data stored on punch cards and magnetic tape with almost instant, direct access storage and retrieval.Invention Impact
The magnetic disk drive consisted
of a stack of closely spaced, magnetically-coated disks mounted on a
rotating shaft, with read-write heads which did not physically touch the
storage surface. Lynott and Goddard key contribution was the air-bearing
head, which "floated" very close to the rotating disks without actually
touching, greatly increased the speed of access.
Born in Johnson City, New York, Lynott attended Syracuse University. He earned 25 patents for his work in mass-data storage during his 27-year career at IBM.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
What are the advantages/disadvantages of using the arithmetic Sharpe Ratio vs the geometric Sharpe Ratio? Is one more correct? Or is one better in certain circumstances?
share|improve this question
add comment
4 Answers
In addition to John's answer and just to make things clear:
The arithmetic mean is given by
$$\mu_a = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n x_i$$
The geometric mean is given by
$$\mu_g = \sqrt[n]{\prod_{i=1}^n (1+x_i)} -1$$
And we have that
$$\mu_g \leq \mu_a$$
So not only would the geometric sharp ratio would be taking into account the "actual" return of the portfolio, but it is also a more conservative measure.
share|improve this answer
Where can I find a demonstration that $$\mu_g \leq \mu_a$$ – Marco Demaio Mar 4 at 20:50
add comment
I'm not sure it makes sense to think of one as more correct than another. However, they do have significant differences. It may help to distinguish between ex-post evaluation of a strategy and ex-ante prediction of what the strategy's performance will be.
For simplicity, let's assume the log returns of the strategy are approximately i.i.d. univariate normal and the risk-free rate is a constant. If you were a mean-variance investor deciding between the risk-free rate and the strategy, you would estimate the mean and variance of the log returns, project it to the investor's horizon, and convert the normal to lognormal to obtain the arithmetic returns. So if you were calculating a Sharpe ratio that is consistent with the way it was originated in financial theory, i.e. the slope of the efficient frontier, would be this arithmetic ex ante expected Sharpe ratio.
However, the Sharpe ratio is also used in performance evaluation in different ways. I think one major reason that the geometric version is used is that the numerator will correspond with what the investor actually earned, the CAGR. This might be useful to some people, but personally I prefer to look at the CAGR by itself rather than in the Sharpe ratio. Further, the CAGR is the median of the lognormal distribution under some assumptions. I find it more intuitive to use the mean and keep ex-post consistent with ex-ante, which would bring me back to the arithmetic Sharpe.
Another reason to use the geometric version might be that it avoids the distributional issues with the lognormal distribution (since it has skewness/kurtosis). However, Opdyke (2007) provides the asympototic distribution of the Sharpe ratio under fairly general assumptions.
share|improve this answer
add comment
There are many variants proposed; some useful, some not so much. As an investor, the most important thing is to compare the exact same ratio, calculated in the exact same way, for each prospect. As the prospect/fund the most important thing is to be clear about the statistic you are reporting so your investors make well informed decisions. So let's start with some definitions specific to your question.
 - Sharpe ratio, sometimes called the "Modified Sharpe" ratio, is the arithmetic average of excess returns divided by the standard deviation of those returns, $r_t\in R$.
 $Sharpe Ratio = \frac{E[R_t - R_{free}]}{\sigma}$
 where $R_t\in[-1,\infty)$, which is a percentage, and $R_{free}$ is the risk-free return rate, typically taken as the current T-Bill rate.
 It is commonly calculated over annual periods, but monthly, or daily periods are common too. It is a class of signal-to-noise ratio indicating the expected reward per unit of risk. This is the most commonly cited variant and is the measure proposed by professor Sharpe in 1994.
 - The Geometric Sharpe ratio is the geometric average of compounded excess returns divided by the standard deviation of those compounded returns. This is equivalent to the arithmetic average and standard deviation of $log(1+r_t)$, which is the more convienient calculation.
The difference is mostly in the use of the average of the excess returns for the period or the compounded returns. Because the log returns are generally smaller, the "Geometric Sharpe ratios" generally suggests a higher number; about 12.5% higher for samples from a uniform distribution. Naturally, it is completely bogus to compare dissimilar ratios...so be sure you know which measure you are digesting.
share|improve this answer
add comment
For any real world applications, the difference between the arithmetic and geometric Sharpe ratios is likely to 'fall under the noise floor', i.e. be smaller, typically much smaller, than a standard error. This is even under the generous assumptions of stationarity and absence of omitted variables.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


cal H^n$ and $\mathcal H^{n+1}$. The $n$-ball has positive $\mathcal H^n$-volume, while its $\mathcal H^{n+1}$-volume vanishes, since there is really no $(n+1)$-dimensional interior in an $n$-ball. To compare the volumes $\mathcal H^{n}(B^n)$ and $\mathcal H^{n+1}(B^{n+1})$ under a common measure, we make use of $\mathcal H^{n}(A)=\mathcal H^{n+1}(A\times[0,1])$. – Christoph Aug 22 '13 at 11:08
Could you explain why are you working with a cylinder of height two instead of height one? Shouldn't we compare $B^{n+1}$ with $B^n \times [\textrm{something with length one}]$? Otherwise we do double the volume. Everything else makes sense to me. I just don't understand "but it is a matter of radius as already discussed". – Fixed Point Aug 23 '13 at 8:53
_USER_ Just because "height" (diameter) of the unit-ball is $2$. If our default ball has radius $1/2$, then I would work with some unit interval. The difference between those cases is a factor proportional to the radius and dependence radius ~ volume was discussed in the first paragraph. – savick01 Aug 23 '13 at 9:36
Your Answer


Quebec Natatorium Uses Geothermal, Reduced Refrigerant HVAC, Heat Recovery
May 9, 2013 By Linda Hardesty
Tpoolhe new $18 million, 45,000-sq-foot Aquatic and Community Centre in Côte Saint-Luc, Quebec, employs a 500-ft-deep geothermal field, exhaust air heat recovery for preheating outside air, dehumidifier compressor heat recovery for free pool water heating, and a reduced refrigerant HVAC dehumidifier strategy.
The city will achieve a four-year payback, save millions of dollars in energy costs over the lifespan of the facility and minimize the local environment's exposure to refrigerants.
The HVAC technology making the project's most environmental impact is the energy recovery dehumidifiers from the new Protocol NP-Series by Seresco, which use up to 80-percent less refrigerant than comparably-sized conventional mechanical natatorium dehumidifiers, while delivering an annualized operating cost reduction of five to seven-percent. Instead of an all-refrigerant design, the dehumidifiers use heat exchangers and glycol for heat rejection to the water-source loop.
Pool water heating is supplied by a coaxial-type heat exchanger using recovered waste heat from the two Seresco dehumidifiers' refrigeration circuits, which are required for dehumidifying the space to a 55-percent relative humidity.
If pool water heating is satisfied, the remaining heat is rejected to the geothermal water source loop or into supply air for reheat. On subzero days when pool water heating isn't 100-percent satisfied by heat recovery, the 96-percent efficient back-up condensing boilers by Camus Hydronics Unlimited are activated.
Throughout the summer months, heat rejected to the water source loop is stored in the six-well, 500-ft-deep geothermal field for use later in the heating season. The water source loop, which averages temperatures over 80°F in the summer and provides almost all the heating for domestic hot water and locker room showers, also uses two rooftop evaporative cooling towers by Baltimore Aircoil to reject any excess heat not required within the complex.
The geothermal loop's operational and redundant 20-hp pumps by Taco use Danfoss variable frequency drives (VFDs) to operate at only the needed flows. For example, when heat pumps or the dehumidifiers are not requiring cooling or heating, the VFD's ramp down the pumps' water flow for further energy savings.
All systems are monitored and controlled by a BACnet-based building automation system by Automated Logic.
Leave a reply


text:
In PyQt5, when we create more than one label at same position they overlap each other such that the label which was made at last should be shown at top. Although, we can set the opaque level but sometimes some label have lower priority and that's why they should be at below level therefore,
lower() method is used.
Syntax : label.lower()
Argument : It takes no argument.
Action performed : It sets lower priority to the label.
Attention geek! Strengthen your foundations with the Python Programming Foundation Course and learn the basics.
To begin with, your interview preparations Enhance your Data Structures concepts with the Python DS Course.


Giscuit
Prev Next
Layers
Guest user
In the Layers subpanel check the checkbox next to your desired layer in order to turn on it's visibility or uncheck to turn off it's visibility. Multiple overlays can be active but only 1 base layer can be active at the same time.
Mouse over layer's name for 1 second to display it's metadata. There is a Zoom to layer button in the top right of the metadata window.
If you have marked a layer visible and it's name turned gray this means that the layer is not visible at current scale. Check layer metadata for minimum and maximum scale values.
Logged in user
In the top left corner of the Layers subpanel you can select a group, only layers that belong to this group will be shown in the layers data table. You can also use the Filter field to search and display certain layers that match the input.
Label settings. Change layer label settings ().
 - Size. Text size of the label
 - Color. Text color of the label
 - Fields. Fields to include in the label
To save your changes click on the Save button, or click the Back button to go back to the layers list without saving the changes.
Layers data table description
Name. Name of the layer
View.() Layer visibility
Information.() Is the layer included in the Information tool results
Label.() Label visibility
Edit.() Is the layer editable. Only one layer can be edited at the same time.
Mouse over layer's name for 1 second to display it's metadata. There is a Zoom to layer button in the top right of the metadata window.
If you have marked a layer visible and it's name turned gray this means that the layer is not visible at current scale. Check layer metadata for minimum and maximum scale values.
Prev Up Next
Navigation Desktop Geolocation
COPYRIGHT ® 2012, VEC


Your D.I.Y. Move Guide to Australia (South African Edition)
Your D.I.Y. Move Guide to Australia (South African Edition)
SKU: 364215375135191
COURIERED safely from Durban, get it quicker when you buy direct!
The book written specifically for South Africans moving to Australia.
This book covers the moving process and migrant culture differences between Australia and South Africa. The chapters provide the reader with professional knowledge, practical hints and valuable information that are applicable to all South Africans who are thinking of immigration and also for those who already took the big step. It will further help the readers to avoid unnecessary and sometimes very costly mistakes.
The motivation for this guide arose from the crazy questions and outdated advice on forums and social media. Saddened by stories of families who have been displaced or are falling apart, and the cries of money wasted and expectations shattered, Robyn and Hendrika had to share their vast and professional knowledge:
- To save you money on this expensive journey.
- To help you and your family prepare for change.
- To give you foresight, both financially and emotionally.
It is filled with practical advice on moving with children and pets, expert tips and advice for the whole family and lots of funny "faux pas" immigrant moments. In short, we have made or seen most of the blunders and we are here to share them with you, for your own benefit, so you can avoid making the same mistakes. A smooth immigration process equals less stress and more positive experiences for the whole family. Between the two authors, Hendrika Jooste and Robyn Vogels, they have a total of 35 years of experience with international relocations. They have both experienced several of their own moves with children and pets across four continents and have helped and supported others with their relocations to Australia for over a decade.The guide provides you with the nuts and bolts of moving, and practical hints and valuable information to help you:
- Plan and budget for the move and the cost of living in Australia.
- Find a suitable home and school.
- Deal with culture shock (the same, but different).
You will find the knowledge you need to make a successful, cost effective transition and create your own success story. Knowledge is power! This guide will save you money and emotional pain!
*Please note: Moving your Sh!t is the original book. The book, Your D.I.Y Move Guide is the same book, just a more mainstream cover. They are twins and have the same content.
 Our books are printed to a high standard, if you do encounter any problem, please contact us at _EMAIL_
 Our stock is held in Durban and the books are COURIERED within South Africa.
 We have limited supply of the books in Australia, we can post with standard delivery post satchel for the same cost.
 All our books are expertly wrapped and couriered for your convenience. Packing and handling is 1-2 working days then up to 7 days with the courier to deliver.
 Please ensure you provide a physical address for the courier.
 Thank you
$25.00 Regular Price
$20.00Sale Price


text:
Use Case 10 – Linking raw data to the Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe)
The protein data bank (PDBe in Europe) is the reference repository for protein structures. All protein structures determined by different techniques are stored in the PDB. Since 2019 it is possible to link the protein structure entry to the raw data (images) often taken at the photon sources. As described in this article, "the model file in the PDB is the culmination of much hard work and interpretation of raw experimental data. The OneDep deposition system enables depositors to provide the location of raw datasets as a 'digital object identifier' (doi), within their mmCIF file in the PDB archive and this DOI is now directly linked from an entry page at PDBe".
This use case is to link raw data in the ESRF data repository to the PDBe entries as shown in the example here.
PDB 6gv0 coloured by chain and viewed from the front
Description of needs
Modify PaNOSC data repositories to add support for linking PDBe entries to raw data.
Use case action flow
- PDBe repository – test adapter
- Scientists – add DOI to raw data to PDBe entry
Impacts from the implementation
Make Protein Data Bank entries FAIR by providing access to raw data. This will enable results to be verified and structures to be refined with new software. This ICUR CommDat committee has been a strong advocate of making raw data accessible for crystallography
Generalisation of the use case
All PaNOSC and ExPaNDS partners could add the adapter for linking PDB entries to raw data. Thereby making PDB entries FAIRer.
- ESRF data repository + PDBe adapter
- pDB 6gv0 structure summary


text:
South Shetland Islands
61° 00' to 63° 37'S, 53° 83' to 62°
- A 540 km chain of four main island
groups, some are volcanic, including eleven major islands (Elephant
and Clarence Islands; King George and Nelson Islands; Robert, Greenwich,
Livingston, Snow, and Deception Islands; Smith and Low Islands)
and several minor ones with many islets and rocks. Located about
120 km north of the Antarctic Peninsula in the Southern Ocean.
- Area: 3687 km².
- Highest elevation: 2105 m (Mount
Foster, Smith Island).
- About 80 % glaciated.
- Sighted and first landing 1819,
sealers arrived 1820.
- Permanent occupation (scientific
station) from 1944 (previously sealers and a scientific expedition
wintered unintentionally, and a garrison was deployed briefly).
Whaling station operated at Deception Island 1912-31.
- British territory, part of British
Antarctic Territory; also claimed by Argentina, part of 'Antartida
Argentina'; and Chile, part of 'Territorio Chileno Antartico' (under
the aegis of the Antarctic Treaty).


text:
Ethics and museum professionals' exemplary practices are essential for ICOM.
ICOM Code of Ethics for museums was adopted in 1986 and revised in 2004. It establishes the values and principles shared by ICOM and the international museum community. It is a reference tool translated to 36 languages and it sets minimum standards of professional practice and performance for museums and their staff.
By joining ICOM, each member commits to respect this code.
Checklist on ethics of cultural property ownership
Considering the complexity of the ethical questions affecting the work of museums today, the Checklist is a tool for two purposes: it sets out the 8 organising principles that shape the detailed articles of the ICOM Code, as well as providing orientation and support in dealing with these complex topics; and it offers a list of contacts for further advice on particular questions.


text:
Modelling Language Implementation on ADOxx
In this section we focus on the implementation of the model structure/modelling language in ADOxx. As a starting point the specification and definition of a modelling method, as defined in [Karagiannis2002], is used to set the modelling language in context with the modelling procedure, mechanisms and algorithms, resulting in a modelling method. In the following subsections we focus on the modelling technique, more precisely on the modelling language consisting of:
- Notation: the representation of a modelling construct (e.g. graphical)
- Syntax: the specification of a modelling construct
- Semantic: the definition of the meaning for a modelling construct
A modelling construct can be a (concrete) class, relation class, modeltype or attribute.
Generic Modelling Method Framework
Peforming a further drill-down into the modelling language, the following concepts are of interest from an implementation perspective:
- Classes and Relations: as the base modelling constructs for every modelling toolkit
- Attributes on Instance and Class Level: to provide means to specify instance objects or define classes accordingly.
- Special Attributes on Instance and Class Level: to enable ADOxx specific functionality, such as attribute-dependent graphical notation.
- Attribute facets: configuration of attribute appearance and behaviour
- Modeltypes and model type attributes: similiar as for classes and relations on the model type level.
Meta Model of Meta Modelling Language
Karagiannis, D., Kühn, H.: „Metamodelling Platforms". In Bauknecht, K., Min Tjoa, A., Quirchmayer, G. (Eds.): Proceedings of the Third International Conference EC-Web 2002 – Dexa 2002, Aix-en-Provence, France, September 2002, LNCS 2455, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p. 182 ff.
Available online at _URL_
Kühn, H. (2004). Methodenintegration im Business Engineering. PhD Thesis, University of Vienna