text:
Traditional Halal Limited launched its halal certification scheme on Saturday, 1st October in Manchester at an event attended by Islamic scholars, community leaders, industry representatives and media officials.
This certification scheme is categorically developed for meat and poultry that is produced without the use of stunning of any kind and is available for slaughterhouses, cutting plants, meat retailers, wholesalers, restaurants and takeaways across the UK offering a unique and distinguishable halal label under the name of Traditional Halal.
Traditional Halal is a not – for – profit organisation governed by the Board of Islamic scholars and the Board of Trustees, and is led and managed by industry experts who have a proven record in animal welfare training, auditing, veterinary medicine, meat science and food safety.
The launch was officiated by the HFA and the Halal Food Foundation (a parent charity of Traditional Halal and the HFA) in an attempt to enhance the welfare standards, training and skills in the non stun meat sector and to achieve further excellence in the halal meat supply chain with quality, consistency and sustainability. Dr Abdul Matin Khan, Chairman of Traditional Halal and the HFA, said: "we are fully committed to promote halal trade and to support the traditional way of halal slaughter".
Saqib Mohammed, Chief Executive of Traditional Halal and the HFA reiterated the need of advance training and enhanced competence in the halal sector, to meet the highest level of animal welfare and meat quality. Mohammed added: 'we have developed animal welfare training for our supervisors, slaughtermen and site operators which will be offered to the applicants free of charge under this scheme'. All slaughterhouses and processing premises seeking Traditional Halal approval will be subject to constant on-site supervision, regular auditing, a stringent set of certification rules and transparent labelling regime.
The launch was fully supported by the attendees that include representatives of Euro Quality Lambs (Shropshire), Gafoor Pure Halal (Preston), Halal Kitchen (Bolton), Worldwide Cash and Carry (Rochdale) and Iqbal Poultry (Chesterfield) along with several Islamic scholars from Oldham, Blackburn and London. Traditional Halal certification will be providing sustainable choice, value and transparent labelling to assist consumers in making informed decision.


text:
April 14, 2011
By Margaret Allen
The long-held theory that early human ancestors in East Asia crafted their tools from bamboo and wood is much more complicated than originally conceived, according to a new study.
Research until now has failed to address a fundamental question: Is it even possible to make complex bamboo tools with simple stone tools?
Now an experimental archaeological study — in which a modern-day flint knapper replicated the crafting of bamboo knives — confirms that it is possible to make a variety of bamboo tools with the simplest stone tools.
However, rather than confirming the long-held "bamboo hypothesis," the new research shows there's more to the theory, says archaeologist Metin I. Eren, the expert knapper who crafted the tools for the study.
Read the full story.
Visit Metin I. Eren's website.
# # #

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Energy transfer performance of mechanical nanoresonators coupled with electromagnetic fields
© Javaheri et al.; licensee Springer. 2012
Received: 23 July 2012
Accepted: 6 September 2012
Published: 17 October 2012
We study the energy transfer performance in electrically and magnetically coupled mechanical nanoresonators. Using the resonant scattering theory, we show that magnetically coupled resonators can achieve the same energy transfer performance as for their electrically coupled counterparts or even outperform them within the scale of interest. Magnetic and electric coupling are compared in the nanotube radio, a realistic example of a nano-scale mechanical resonator. The energy transfer performance is also discussed for a newly proposed bio-nanoresonator composed of magnetosomes coated with a net of protein fibers.
KeywordsNanoresonators Magnetic nanoparticles Magnetosomes Energy transfer Nanotube radio
Mechanical nanoresonators exhibit resonance behavior involving the mechanical vibrations of the system elements. The natural frequencies of such resonances will, generally, be in the radio frequency range. Nano-scale mechanical resonators coupled with electromagnetic fields have been receiving significant attention recently [1–3]. The ability to interact with electromagnetic fields allow such resonators to be essential parts of nano-scale systems. Imaging, sensing, and targeted actuation in nano-scale are among several emerging technologies that rely on efficient energy and information transfer.
In principle, nanoresonators may couple to electromagnetic fields by the charge distributions (electric coupling) or by the magnetic moment they carry (magnetic coupling). Traditionally, the energy transfer via electric coupling has received more attention since materials are mostly transparent to the magnetic field. Also, magnetic field intensity in electromagnetic radiations is significantly smaller than the electric field. Consequently, magnetic coupling of mechanical resonators with electromagnetic radiations becomes impractical unless the size of the system significantly decreases. A desirable magnetic coupling, however, can be achieved if the coupling occurs within the near-field range. Take the example of a mechanical nanoresonator operating in a biological environment. In this case, magnetic coupling holds important advantages over electric coupling. First, magnetically coupled systems can provide more selective and localized energy transfer that is due to the fact that magnetic fields, unlike electric fields, couple weakly with non-targeted surrounding media, which are often not magnetic [5, 6]. Therefore, magnetic signals suffer from considerably less attenuations while propagating in the surrounding biological media and can drive a targeted resonator inaccessible to electric signals with the same level of energy. In addition, magnetic dipoles are normally more stable than electric dipoles and do not require significant energy from outside to maintain their state.
This work revisits the interactions of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields with mechanical nanoresonators. In particular, we are interested in the quantitative assessment of the energy transfer in such nanoresonators. We use the same methodology presented by Hamam et al. and focus on low-dissipation conditions that permit resonance. The feasibility of achieving such conditions has been demonstrated in the literature [1, 8]. The outline of this paper is as follows. We first present a general model for mechanical nanoresonators including electric and magnetic coupling mechanisms and describe the dynamics of the model. Then, we compare the resonant energy transfer performance of the resonator for electric and magnetic coupling using resonant scattering theory. Finally, we sketch a roadmap for a new nanoresonator composed of a magnetite nanoparticle embedded in a net of protein fibers.
A resonance can be achieved if.
Here, θ = x/L is the angular displacement, I ≅ m L2 is the system's second moment of inertia, κ ≅ k L2 is the rotational spring constant of the cantilever, and ψ is the stochastic torque caused by the thermal noise. For the magnetic coupling,, while in the case of the electric coupling.
One can think of U as the energy capacity of the resonator. An important observation is that U scales with Q2.
Note that the energy absorbed by the resonator over the relaxation time matches the resonator energy capacity. In general, the calculation of the force (or torque) exerted on the nanoresonator through electromagnetic coupling is not straightforward. As an alternative approach, one can use scattering theory [7, 11], which allows to work with fluxes instead of forces, to estimate the energy deposited on the resonant system. The two approaches are equivalent since our theoretical model is solely based on dipole-dipole interactions. In the next section, we will use this more convenient method to study the resonant energy transfer.
Resonant scattering analysis
Qa is obtained from the steady state solution.
which confirms that the energy deposited scales as Q2/k.
In our first example, we compare the energy transfer performance of the magnetic and electric coupling in the nanotube radio, a realistic example of a mechanical nanoresonator. We replace the electric dipole of the nanotube tip with a magnetic dipole in the form of spherical magnetite nanoparticle. According to the original study, a nanotube radio built from a cylindrical carbon nanotube of length L ≈ 1 μ m holding a net charge of q = 200 e− absorbs an amount of energy enough to detect radio signals from the electromagnetic radiation. To achieve the same amount of energy deposit, the magnetic moment of the replacement tip should be in the order of μ ≈ qLc = 9.6 × 10−15 Am2, which can be obtained by placing a magnetite nanoparticle of radius R approximately 160 nm.
In order to achieve higher quality factor, the nanoresonator should experience smaller viscous resistance. For instance, one can reduce drag forces in the system by coating the magnetite nanoparticle with hydrophobic proteins or lipids. In this case, the hydrophobic coat acts as a lubricant [19, 20]. In a more sophisticated design, a multi-layer shell of hydrophobic proteins may be used to engulf the nanoresonator and repel water molecules. In order to aggressively reduce the rotational friction, the nanoresonator could be packed in an inorganic shell that completely excludes the system from the cytoplasm. The elastic protein fibers may be replaced by synthetic nanowires or nanotubes with carefully designed rigidity. For example, del Barco et al. have demonstrated the possibility to have free rotation of magnetic nanoparticle embedded in a solid matrix.
Assuming that high quality factor, Q = 100, can be achieved, one finds that an AC magnetic field of intensity B = 3.5mT, generating an electromagnetic flux of 10 W/m2, deposits a significant amount of energy ΔU = 2,500kBT into the system over the resonance relaxation time. Since this field intensity is well below the coercivity field of the nanoparticle [15, 16], we neglect the energy losses via magnetic reversal. If this energy was entirely manifested as heat, the temperature of the magnetosome would be increased by 0.5°C during the relaxation time τ = 0.1μ s. As shown in Figure 3, Q = 10corresponds to ω0 = 66MHz, in air (η = 10−5Pa.s), while the same quality factor can be achieved at frequencies as low as about 1 MHz if the viscosity can be reduced by a factor of 100 compared to air. Magnetically coupled mechanical nanoresonators with high quality factor show good energy transfer performance while being tunable and may be useful in frequency selective heat production in the biological environment. The important contribution of mechanical motions in magnetic hypothermia has been experimentally shown in ; however, these applications have not yet benefited from the resonant energy transfer since their quality factors are well below one.
In conclusion, we have shown that carefully engineered magnetically coupled nanoresonators can match the energy transfer performance of its electrically coupled counterpart, while providing a more selective and robust interaction in biological environments. We have used a unifying framework of resonant energy transfer for electrically coupled and magnetically coupled mechanical nanoresonators and compared the performance for the two couplings. Our analysis suggests that if the interacting electric dipole of a small electrically coupled resonator is replaced by a magnetic dipole, a comparable amount of energy can still be deposited on the system. We have considered the example of nanotube radio, and we have shown that the strength of electromagnetic coupling remains the same using a magnetite nanoparticle of radius 160 nm instead of the charged tip. We have proposed a new resonator composed of magnetosomes embedded in a net of protein fibers and analyzed its energy transfer performance. We have discussed possible pathways to further improve the quality factor of the resonator. While this article focuses on quantitative aspect of energy transfer, our work also opens up new interesting questions on how to use efficient energy channels to transmit information to a nano-scale device or organism. Characterizing the transmission of information and the channel capacity will be discussed in future studies.
We would like to thank Professor Mark Dykman for his important suggestions and enlightening comments. We also thank the participants of NSF Workshop on Biologically-enabled Wireless Networks for stimulating discussions. This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant number NSF CNS-_PHONE_ and the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences with contract numbers DE-FG02-07ER46352 and DE-FG02-08ER46540 (CMSN), and benefited from allocation of computer time at the NERSC and NU-ASCC computation centers.
- Jensen K, Weldon J, Garcia H, Zettl A: Nanotube radio. Nano lett 2007,

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Beverly Hosford by Beverly Hosford
Imagine yourself walking down a decorated aisle with ceremonial music playing in the background. All of your friends and family are sitting on either side of you. When you get to the altar, facing you is a full-length mirror framed with beautiful flowers. It's time to say your vows, to yourself. What promises would your body want to hear?
Perhaps it would go something like this: "I promise to love and cherish you, nourishing you with healthy food and taking you out for regular exercise sessions. I'll make sure you get plenty of rest and keep you hydrated." It might sound cheesy, but there are many analogies between marriage, wedding ceremonies and your commitment to fitness.
Breaking Vows With Yourself
A vow is a promise or an oath. People make commitments every day and yet they get broken or need to be renewed. Have you ever broken an exerciseor nutrition-related promise to yourself? We all have! The relationship you have with yourself and your body is one of the most valuable in your life, yet it is easily taken for granted.
The old saying goes, "You can't love others until you love yourself." When you're feeling your best, you perform better at work, care for your family more lovingly and give back to your community.
Work your way through the following activities to renew your vows and improve your relationship with fitness.
Making Vows More Solid
The first key to having good health vows is stating them aloud. Even better, write them down. It's easier to break a promise when it's made casually. Set a timer for 30 minutes and write down vows to your body. Make the commitment in writing.
Use these questions to help you get started:
 - How does my body support my daily life?
 - How does my body want to feel?
 - What foods make my body feel the way it wants to feel?
 - How much daily exercise makes my body feel its best?
 - When do I feel most energized and happy?
Now, have some fun and read your vows aloud in the mirror.
Creating Vows With Meaning
Everyone knows they should do cardio, lift weights and be flexible, but there's more to it than that. Strong health vows need to have deep and personal meaning. The reasons underpinning one's exercise efforts are different for each person. The better you understand your own desires to be fit, the more committed you'll be.
Answer these questions (bonus for writing them down):
 - Why do I exercise?
 - How does exercise benefit me specifically?
 - What are the outcomes of exercise that are most important to me?
 - What meals give me the most energy and focus?
 - Why do I want to have energy?
After answering each question, read your response aloud and ask yourself, "Why?" For example, if you exercise because it keeps your weight down, ask yourself why that's important and see what comes to mind. We all have surface reasoning for exercising, but sometimes we need to dig for the deeper meaning.
As in marriage, knowing why the relationship is important helps get you through tough times. For example, you generally love your partner or your kids. Recognizing the specific joy they bring to your life as individuals is what keeps you bonded to one another through thick and thin.
When you contemplate the true value of being fit, as it pertains to you personally, it becomes easier to stick with your exercise habits, even on the days when you don't feel like it.
Sharing Vows With Others
Couples gather their loved ones together at weddings because it's fun, makes it more real and enables them to make a public commitment to one another. It's harder to break a promise when you have a solid support community. With this in mind, it's time to send some invites.
Write down a list:
 - Who would you invite to your "health vows ceremony"?
 - Who do you know that exhibits consistently healthy habits?
 - Who could you invite to a weekly walk, hike or bike ride?
 - What fitness classes (aerobics, dance, weights) would you enjoy attending?
 - What type of activity group (hiking, biking) could you join?
Now, make some phone calls and get together with supportive people for a walk or inquire about local classes you can join. Exercising with others makes it feel like a team effort instead of you verses your workout, week after week. Take action now!
Celebrating Your Vows
People celebrate their months, years and decades of marriage. These milestones keep them enthusiastic about the hard work they do to stay happy. Set weekly or monthly fitness goals for yourself, so that you can keep the vows you've made. Consider hiring a personal trainer or health coach to conduct fitness assessments with you to help set your goals.
The benefits of daily movement—such as enhanced mood, better sleep and improved energy—are not easily measured. Instead, set a time goal for each week. Choose how many minutes of exercise to do or how many steps to take (using a pedometer).
Again, write down your goals:
 - What are your weekly and monthly goals for fitness?
 - What can you do to celebrate your health goals?
 - How often do you want to celebrate and with whom?
Take an oath with your own body and enhance the one relationship that supports everything else in your life.


text:
South East London is around 5700 kilometres, or 3540 miles, from the Equator.
If you would like more information about how to calculate how far you are from the Equator, please see the following link:
A basic way to work it out is to take your latitude and to multiply this by 111.111. This will give you the answer in kilometres. To convert to miles, multiply by 0.621.
Please see below video explaining why the distance you are from the Equator affects the weather you experience.


text:
Automotive Complex Die Cast
Fuel efficiency of automotive integrated automotive engine parts is critical. Unnecessary fuel consumption comes from inefficient automotive parts. However, BEST PARTS specializes in the development and development of automotive engine parts, all from die castings.
Our proprietary die casting process combined with precision die casting combines the efficiency of automotive integrated engine parts to work with any alloy that meets the strength, weight and durability requirements.
Why Choose Us
1. Advanced inspection equipment to ensure strict quality and control as well as precise specifications.
2. We are a direct manufacturer with extensive experience in packaging machine parts and medical parts.
3. Custom inspection report and proof of materials.
4. Various drawing formats are available. For example: AutoCAD and so on.
5. Young people manage their teams with efficient productivity, rapid response and modern business philosophy.
Die Casting Advantage
Die casting can have significant advantages over other manufacturing processes, which can often result in significant cost savings, not only in terms of part price, but also overall production cost. When casting parts, you can create complex mesh shapes, including external threads and complex internal features. You can also combine multiple parts into one part, eliminating assembly operations and reducing labor costs, while also simplifying inventory control and enhancing part consistency.
Other benefits include:
1.Variable wall thickness
2.More tight tolerances
3.Fewer steps from raw materials to finished parts
4.Fast production cycle
6.Long tool life, especially zinc and magnesium


Take the 2-minute tour ×
When you spin an asymmetrically weighted, 2D disk-shaped top, the heavy part actually rises to the top. Why is this?
 1. _URL_
 2. _URL_
In the second video it shows that this is because of friction but trying this on a frictionless surface won't do much: The disk will go up and down and still the heavy part will be on the top.
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 8 down vote accepted
I think the solution has more to do with the tennis racket effect (see: _URL_
Let me clarify the disk with hole in it has two stable axes of rotation and one unstable one. The unstable one is through the hole and the stable one is across (below in green) and normal to the disk.
Axes Def
I have confirmed that without friction (and from the videos in the link above) when the disk is spun on the unstable axis, it will perdiodically flip. This is what caused it to flip when the disk was falling without friction.
The additional nuiance here is the once it is on the "upsidedown" oriention and friction is present then the unstable axis becomes stable.
If the hole spans from the center to the edge of the disk, then the center of gravity is at $$ \vec{c} = (0,-\frac{R}{6},0)$$ where $R$ is the outside radius of the disk. The principal moments of inertia about the center of mass are $$ \begin{aligned} I_{XX} & = m \left( \frac{\ell^2}{12} + \frac{29 R^2}{144} \right) \approx 0.2 m R^2 \\ I_{YY} & = m \left( \frac{\ell^2}{12} + \frac{5 R^2}{16} \right) \approx 0.31 m R^2 \\ I_{ZZ} & = m \left( \frac{37 R^2}{72} \right) \approx 0.51 m R^2 \end{aligned} $$
where $\ell$ is the thickness of the disk. Since $I_{YY}-I_{XX} = \frac{8}{37} I_{ZZ}$ this means that the y direction is the medium inertia value, x the minimum and z the maximum. Hence the instability about the y axis according to the Tennis Racket Effect.
I am working to qualify the above statement and I am going to update this post with my findings.
share|improve this answer
may you please explain why the axis through the hole is unstable, I would say it should be the one on the x-axis because it is not symmetrical. – Mhmd Dec 31 '13 at 12:43
_USER_ Any rigid body has three principal moments of inertia of different values. Rotation about the smallest and largest direction is stable, whilst rotation about the medium value is unstable. This is the tennis racket effect. – ja72 Dec 31 '13 at 16:17
I have added a little more about the mass moments of inertia on the post. – ja72 Dec 31 '13 at 16:58
The tennis racket effect/theorem can be accurately understood by the Poinsot-Binet Energy Ellipsoid. More reference is in Goldstein – Torsten Hĕrculĕ Cärlemän Dec 31 '13 at 17:24
I) Here we will give a qualitative rather than quantitative analysis. Consider first the axially symmetric 3D tippe top, which means that there will be two principal axis with maximal moment of inertia. (If we wish, we can for simplicity model the top as a spherically symmetric ball, with a heavy point mass off the geometric center $O$.) Empirically, we observe to a first approximation that:
 1. The angular vector $\vec{\omega}$ is mostly vertical and completes a small precession for each revolution of the top. (Let's assume that $\vec{\omega}$ is upwards rather than downwards.)
 2. The rotation of the top is around a point $Q$ somewhere between the geometric center $O$ and the center of mass $C$.
 3. The point $P$ of contact completes a small circular orbit for each revolution of the top.
 4. The top is mostly rolling without sliding. In other words, to a first approximation, it is static friction rather than kinetic friction, and hence the mechanical energy is conserved.
The angular momentum vector $\vec{L}$ will mostly point upwards but tilted a bit to the same (opposite) side as $C$ iff $O$ is above (below) $C$. In other words, the angular momentum vector $\vec{L}$ completes a small precession for each revolution of the top. We will assume that this precession of $\vec{L}$ (and the corresponding net torque needed for this precession) remains very small during the entire inversion process.
Now the torques of gravity and the normal force work in unison to increase the precession of $\vec{L}$. The cancellation of this torque can only come from the friction force acting in the same direction (horizontally speaking) as where the center of mass $C$ is.$^1$
Naturally, due to an imperfect rolling motion, the friction force will then tend to slide the point of contact in the direction of the friction force, thereby raising the center of mass $C$. (Del Campo showed that sliding friction must play an essential role in the inversion process, cf. Ref. 1. Of course sliding friction is also responsible for that the top eventually comes to rest and looses its mechanical energy.)
II) The asymmetric 2D discs$^2$ works similarly, although now the rotation will mainly be around the unstable principal axis with intermediate moment of inertia, leading to the tennis racket/Dzhanibekov effect, as correctly pointed out by ja72 in his answer, see also e.g. this Phys.SE post and links therein. In situations without friction, the tennis racket/Dzhanibekov effect explains the last unresolved part of the solution video.
 1. Richard J. Cohen, The tippe top revisited, _URL_ (hat tip: Leonida)
$^1$ Note that the friction torque argument in this Basic Saucer Physics 101 video seems to lead to the opposite effect where the center of mass $C$ gets lowered (rather than raised).
$^2$ The geometric details of the asymmetric 2D discs is to a large extent irrelevant for the effect.
share|improve this answer
Correction to the answer (v1): Del Campo's argument only guarantee that friction is involved, not that it is necessarily sliding friction. – Qmechanic Apr 28 at 8:21
Also the word is in the last sentence of the answer should be are. – Qmechanic Apr 30 at 16:19
Your Answer


text:
Monitoring Kikuletwa river levels in northern Tanzania: A data set unlocking insights for effective flood early warning systems
MetadataShow full item record
Floods are a recurring natural disaster that pose significant risks to communities and infrastructure. The lack of reliable and accurate data on river systems in developing countries has hindered the development of effective flood early warning systems. This paper presents a data set collected using ultrasonic distance sensors installed at two locations along the Kikuletwa River in the Pangani River Basin, Northern Tanzania. The dataset consists of hourly measurements of river water levels, providing a high-resolution time series that can be used to study trends in water level changes and to develop more accurate flood early warning systems. The Kikuletwa River dataset has significant potential applications for flood management, including the calibration and validation of hydrological models, the identification of critical thresholds for flood warning, and the evaluation of flood forecasting techniques. The dataset can also be used to study the hydrological processes in the basin, such as the relationship between rainfall and river discharge, and to develop more efficient and effective flood management strategies. The ultrasonic distance sensors were configured to record river level data at hourly intervals, providing a continuous time series of river levels. The data was subjected to quality control procedures to ensure accuracy and consistency, and missing or erroneous data was corrected or removed where necessary.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Microstructure and kinetics of Cu/Y2O3-doped MgB2
Cu/Y 2O 3-doped MgB 2 samples with different Y 2O 3 content were prepared by traditional solid-state sintering method. The microstructure and phase composition of the material were analyzed by SEM and X-ray diffraction. The results show that layered structure only appeares in Cu/5%Y 2O 3-doped sample. The solid-solid reaction of this system is further investigated by kinetics analysis in terms of thermal analysis curves. Finally, the most appropriate mechanism function is ascertained to be Avrami-Erofeev, n=2, which means random nucleation followed by instantaneous growth of nuclei. The activation energy (E) and the pre-exponential factor (A) both trend to be stable at early stage and decrease at final stage.


FIGURE 2 | Phalloplasty techniques in female-to-male genital surgery.
From the following article:
Gender reassignment surgery: an overview
Gennaro Selvaggi & James Bellringer
Nature Reviews Urology 8, 274-282 (May 2011)
doi:10.1038/nrurol.2011.46
Gender reassignment surgery: an overview
The aim of phalloplasty is to create a phallus of satisfactory cosmetic appearance and with possible erectile function. In suprapubic phalloplasty, a phallus is created from an abdominal skin flap and a neourethra is formed from vaginal epithelium and skin. Free-flap techniques have largely superseded suprapubic phalloplasty. In radial forearm flap phalloplasty (the most common technique), a full thickness flap is raised on the radial artery with cutaneous nerves intact. The flap is formed in two parts to create the urethra and phallus. The neophallus is detached from the donor site and put into position, anastomosing the blood vessels and connecting the cutaneous nerves. The pars fixa of the urethra is tubed forward from the perineum using tissue from the labia minora and joined to the skin tube (pars pendulans) to emerge from the tip of the neophallus. The Norfolk technique can then be used to sculpt the glans penis to improve the cosmetic appearance of the neophallus.
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crash locator beacon
Also found in: Dictionary, Acronyms.
crash locator beacon
[′krash ′lō‚kād·ər ‚bē·kən]
(communications)
An automatic radio beacon carried in aircraft to guide searching forces in the event of a crash.
crash locator beacon
An electronic beacon carried on a plane and designed to emit signals automatically in the event of a crash to lead searchers to the scene of the crash. Such a beacon gets activated and starts transmitting automatically once an aircraft experiences high acceleration along any of the axes.


likely
+incomplete list of hundreds of examples across the years, please see:
+_URL_
+
+When set to "0", symlink following behavior is unrestricted.
+
+When set to "1" symlinks are permitted to be followed only when outside
+a sticky world-writable directory, or when the uid of the symlink and
+follower match, or when the directory owner matches the symlink's owner.
+
+This protection is based on the restrictions in Openwall and grsecurity.
+
+==============================================================
+
suid_dumpable:
This value can be used to query and set the core dump mode for setuid
diff --git a/fs/namei.c b/fs/namei.c
index 2ccc35c..e5ad2db 100644
--- a/fs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/namei.c
@@ -650,6 +650,118 @@ static inline void put_link(struct nameidata *nd, struct path *link, void *cooki
path_put(link);
}
+int sysctl_protected_symlinks __read_mostly = 1;
+int sysctl_protected_hardlinks __read_mostly = 1;
+
+/**
+ * may_follow_link - Check symlink following for unsafe situations
+ * @link: The path of the symlink
+ *
+ * In the case of the sysctl_protected_symlinks sysctl being enabled,
+ * CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE needs to be specifically ignored if the symlink is
+ * in a sticky world-writable directory. This is to protect privileged
+ * processes from failing races against path names that may change out
+ * from under them by way of other users creating malicious symlinks.
+ * It will permit symlinks to be followed only when outside a sticky
+ * world-writable directory, or when the uid of the symlink and follower
+ * match, or when the directory owner matches the symlink's owner.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if following the symlink is allowed, -ve on error.
+ */
+static inline int may_follow_link(struct path *link, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+ const struct inode *inode;
+ const struct inode *parent;
+
+ if (!sysctl_protected_symlinks)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Allowed if owner and follower match. */
+ inode = link->dentry->d_inode;
+ if (current_cred()->fsuid == inode->i_uid)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Allowed if parent directory not sticky and world-writable. */
+ parent = nd->path.dentry->d_inode;
+ if ((parent->i_mode & (S_ISVTX|S_IWOTH)) != (S_ISVTX|S_IWOTH))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Allowed if parent directory and link owner match. */
+ if (parent->i_uid == inode->i_uid)
+ return 0;
+
+ path_put(&nd->path);
+ return -EACCES;
+}
+
+/**
+ * safe_hardlink_source - Check for safe hardlink conditions
+ * @inode: the source inode to hardlink from
+ *
+ * Return false if at least one of the following conditions:
+ * - inode is not a regular file
+ * - inode is setuid
+ * - inode is setgid and group-exec
+ * - access failure for read and write
+ *
+ * Otherwise returns true.
+ */
+static bool safe_hardlink_source(struct inode *inode)
+{
+ umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
+
+ /* Special files should not get pinned to the filesystem. */
+ if (!S_ISREG(mode))
+ return false;
+
+ /* Setuid files should not get pinned to the filesystem. */
+ if (mode & S_ISUID)
+ return false;
+
+ /* Executable setgid files should not get pinned to the filesystem. */
+ if ((mode & (S_ISGID | S_IXGRP)) == (S_ISGID | S_IXGRP))
+ return false;
+
+ /* Hardlinking to unreadable or unwritable sources is dangerous. */
+ if (inode_permission(inode, MAY_READ | MAY_WRITE))
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * may_linkat - Check permissions for creating a hardlink
+ * @link: the source to hardlink from
+ *
+ * Block hardlink when all of:
+ * - sysctl_protected_hardlinks enabled
+ * - fsuid does not match inode
+ * - hardlink source is unsafe (see safe_hardlink_source() above)
+ * - not CAP_FOWNER
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, -ve on error.
+ */
+static int may_linkat(struct path *link)
+{
+ const struct cred *cred;
+ struct inode *inode;
+
+ if (!sysctl_protected_hardlinks)
+ return 0;
+
+ cred = current_cred();
+ inode = link->dentry->d_inode;
+
+ /* Source inode owner (or CAP_FOWNER) can hardlink all they like,
+ * otherwise, it must be a safe source.
+ */
+ if (cred->fsuid == inode->i_uid || safe_hardlink_source(inode) ||
+ capable(CAP_FOWNER))
+ return 0;
+
+ return -EPERM;
+}
+
static __always_inline int
follow_link(struct path *link, struct nameidata *nd, void **p)
{
@@ -1818,6 +1930,9 @@ static int path_lookupat(int dfd, const char *name,
while (err > 0) {
void *cookie;
struct path link = path;
+ err = may_follow_link(&link, nd);
+ if (unlikely(err))
+ break;
nd->flags |= LOOKUP_PARENT;
err = follow_link(&link, nd, &cookie);
if (err)
@@ -2777,6 +2892,9 @@ static struct file *path_openat(int dfd, const char *pathname,
error = -ELOOP;
break;
}
+ error = may_follow_link(&link, nd);
+ if (unlikely(error))
+ break;
nd->flags |= LOOKUP_PARENT;
nd->flags &= ~(LOOKUP_OPEN|LOOKUP_CREATE|LOOKUP_EXCL);
error = follow_link(&link, nd, &cookie);
@@ -3436,6 +3554,9 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE5(linkat, int, olddfd, const char __user *, oldname,
error = -EXDEV;
if (old_path.mnt != new_path.mnt)
goto out_dput;
+ error = may_linkat(&old_path);
+ if (unlikely(error))
+ goto out_dput;
error = mnt_want_write(new_path.mnt);
if (error)
goto out_dput;
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 8fabb03..c8fb6df 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -437,6 +437,8 @@ extern unsigned long get_max_files(void);
extern int sysctl_nr_open;
extern struct inodes_stat_t inodes_stat;
extern int leases_enable, lease_break_time;
+extern int sysctl_protected_symlinks;


text:
Cartographic paper sculptures reveal global Cities' history by Matthew Picton
UK-based artist Matthew Picton uses strips of paper to construct maps of cities from around the world. The Londoner's sculptural creations use both historic and fictional texts to produce cartographic representations of multicultural cities like Las Vegas, Dresden, Tehran, and Venice. The materials used are reflective of each respective culture, from literary and religious texts to sheet music and DVD film covers.
More than simply lining out the aerial urban landscape of each site, Picton also creatively reflects the historical scene of certain locations that have dealt with disasters, especially those pertaining to fires. The Great Fire of London in 1666 is represented by the burnt pages of Daniel Defoe's The Plague Years. Similarly, Picton has ignited several of his paper cities to reflect their own fire-related tragedies. Taking the interpretation a step further, the artist constructed his scorched Lower Manhattan piece out of headlines following the aftermath of the World Trade Center bombings.
(Spotted on MyModernMetropolis)


text:
TAF Volkel Air Base
Volkel Air Base is a midsized airport in North Brabant, Netherlands. The airport is located at latitude 51.65640 and longitude 5.70862. The airport has 2 runways: 6R/24L and 6L/24R. The ICAO airport code of this field is EHVK. The airport's IATA code is UDE. The airport is in the Amsterdam FIR.
This aviation weather observation was made for Volkel Air Base on December 10, 2023 22:20, local time. Valid from December 10, 2023 23:00 to December 11, 2023 11:00, local time.
Between sunday 23:00 and monday 11:00
- Wind: The wind is from direction 240° with a speed of 15 kt. Wind gusts expected of 25 kt.
- Visibility: 10 km or more
- Clouds: scattered clouds at an altitude of 2,000 ft.
Temporarily between monday 03:00 and 11:00
- Wind: The wind is from direction 250° with a speed of 20 kt. Wind gusts expected of 30 kt.
- Visibility: 4 km
- Weather: Showers rain
- Clouds: scattered clouds at an altitude of 1,200 ft, scattered clouds cumulonimbus at an altitude of 1,500 ft and broken clouds at an altitude of 1,800 ft.
Today the sun rises at 08:32 and sets at 16:27. This applies to Volkel Air Base, the universal daylight period may be different. The difference between the local time and UTC is +1 hour. Currently, there is no daylight saving time in effect.


text:
Alone in a world of circles and squares, Restibo seeks out the seven keys needed to
unlock the dark planet core. Scattered amongst the hanging blocks are Voids, floating
circles that nullify gravity and contain items like feathers, springs, spikes, claws,
and bubbles. These items help Restibo advance through the layers of the atmosphere,
flinging from one block to the next to reach larger and more intricate Voids.
Restibo is a game of exploration and physics puzzles. It takes place on the surface
and seven atmospheric layers of a long-locked planet.


text:
Professor Graz University of Technology Graz, Austria
Hot melt extrusion (HME) process and product design for polymeric amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) will be presented and discussed within this presentation. Especially, application of preformulation approach focused for the formulation and process (parameter) selection for HME will be illustrated including in silico screen design for polymer selection, supersaturation screening, physical phase characterization and in vitro dissolution and short term stability. Also, application of molecular dynamics simulation to support ASD formulation development and polymer selection will be presented. Namely, the stability descriptors such as mixing energy and molecular mobility evolving from MD simulation can provide insight into the relative contribution of one factor over other in the (in)stability. In case of HME modeling, the use of integrated 3D smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) modeling with 1D model for HME process design will be discussed along with relevant case studies.


text:
1st century AD
Heron of Alexandria is credited with the invention of the windmill. He harnessed the power of the wind to power an organ. The windmill blades were attached to an axle that drove a set of pistons up and down to provide power to the organ.
9th century AD
The Persians built vertical axis windmills that were probably used to pump water or to grind corn. The vertical sails were most likely made out of reeds and wood. The sails were in cased within a set of Read More »


text:
Conductive Textile Embroidery
Embroidery and textiles are traditional crafts of Castrignano. Starting from 2030, local researchers tested conductive textile production in order to integrate electronic elements in traditional decorative patterns. The success of the project was followed by the creation of a new kind of handicraft, able to merge traditional embroidery with new technologies.
▲ Conductive textile doily, prototype.
▲ Video. Three Castrignano women activate electric circuits, micro-controllers and lights, from which they will create a conductive textile dress.
transfer paper toner
Guglielmo Torelli (doily)
Fedele Nacucchi (doily)
Viola Piccininni (video)
Tina Dibattista (video)


text:
Industry Evolution and Transition: A Neoclassical Benchmark
Recently, a large number of countries have undertaken major reforms that have led to a large increase in the number of new enterprises. After these reforms, however, it has taken a number of years before output and productivity have begun to grow. The thesis of this paper is that the process of starting new enterprises is turbulent and time-consuming and as a result, it takes time before the benefits of reform show up in increases in measured output and productivity. To establish a neoclassical benchmark for reforming economies, we ask what the path of transition looks like in a reforming economy for which the process governing the growth of new enterprises looks like it does in the U.S., a well-functioning market economy. We find that it takes 5-7 years until measured output and productivity begin to grow rapidly following reform. This finding suggests that, even if all other aspects of the economy are perfect, the transition following economy-wide reforms should take a substantial amount of time.
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w6005
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded these:


text:
Press Release Summary:
Electric Potential Integrated Circuit (EPIC) sensor, part No. PS25401, detects changes in electric field and provides output to relay to act as non-touch electric switch. Optimized for security, switching, and gaming applications, sensor can be used in proximity mode or to detect specific kinds of movement as limited gesture recognition device. Product does not require line of sight and can detect movement through walls. It can also replace or be used with passive IR sensor.
Original Press Release:
Plessey Releases New EPIC Sensor for Movement Sensing Applications
Award winning, electric potential sensor detects changes in electric field to act as proximity sensor or for limited gesture recognition applications
Plymouth, ENGLAND - Plessey Semiconductors announced today that it has released the latest version of the Electric Potential Integrated Circuit (EPIC) sensor specifically tailored to detect movement. This version of the EPIC has been optimised for security, switching and gaming applications. By detecting changes in the electric field the EPIC sensor provides an output to a relay to act as a simple non-touch electric switch. The EPIC sensor can be used in both proximity mode or to detect specific kinds of movement as a limited gesture recognition device. As the EPIC sensor does not need line of sight and can even detect movement through walls, it can also be used to replace, or as an adjunct to, a passive infra-red (PIR) sensor in a variety of applications including security motion detectors.
Samples of Plessey's award winning Electric Potential Integrated Circuit (EPIC) sensors are now available. The first products were optimised for use as an ECG sensor and provide a resolution as good as or better than conventional electrodes. The latest EPIC sensor, part number PS25401, can be used in any electrical application as a simple switch including toys, electric appliances, smart lighting, gaming and security. This family of EPIC sensors has been engineered for higher volume applications allowing volume prices for the chip solution of around one-dollar US.
Derek Rye, Plessey Marketing Director, said, "We have been inundated with demand for samples of the EPIC sensor and have had our first design wins in ECG products for the health monitoring markets. We have also been working with a number of companies on movement sensing and gesture recognition applications. We believe we have an opportunity for some early revenue based on designs for proximity non-touch switches for consumer products."
Dr. Keith Strickland, Plessey Technology Director, commented, "We have optimised the base layout of the EPIC sensor chip such that discrete movements of the human body can be detected, with a range of up to several metres. For example, the sensor can be configured to detect the proximity of a hand or to detect specific hand motions depending on the chip variant and the appropriate selection of circuit components external to the EPIC sensor. Whilst these first applications for individual sensors are quite simple, they are paving the way for the next generation of sensor array devices that will change the way we address more sophisticated applications like writing on tablets and smart phones, the remote control of televisions and controller-less gaming applications."
Plessey issued a press release on 10th October identifying the release of samples for an ECG specific product. More recently, Plessey announced that it had won the R&D Achievement award for the EPIC sensor at the NMI gala dinner held 3rd November.
About Plessey Semiconductors Limited
Plessey Semiconductors are the leading experts in the development and manufacture of semiconductor products used in sensing, measurement and controls applications. Plessey's products are found in a wide range of markets including communications, medical, defence, aerospace and automotive. Plessey designs their products specifically for high performance applications and its range of integrated sensing products includes electric potential sensors, CMOS image sensors and Hall Effect devices.
Further details at _URL_. Enquires to _EMAIL_


text:
INFLUENCE OF POTASSIUM LEVELS ON ROOT GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF UPLAND RICE CULTIVARS
ABSTRACT Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient for upland rice growth, but little information on the effects of K on root growth and nutrient uptake capacity of upland rice is found. Therefore, an experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the influence of soil K levels on root growth and nutrient uptake of four upland rice cultivars. A completely randomized experimental design, in a 4x4 factorial scheme (4 levels of K: 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg dm-3; 4 cultivars: Caiapó, BRS-Primavera, IAC-202, and Maravilha) was used, with four replications. Based on regression equations, the highest values of root length density would be found with 136 mg dm-3 of K. The root diameter and dry matter, shoot dry matter and shoot K concentration increased linearly with the increasing K rates. The shoot K concentration of the upland rice cultivars did not differ. The increased level of K in the soil reduced the shoot Ca concentration of intermediate and modern cultivars, and the shoot Mg concentration of all cultivars. The potassium fertilization increased the plant growth, but the magnitude of this effect varied according to the cultivar.


text:
Novel P-in-N Si-Sensor technology for high resolution and high repetition-rate experiments at accelerator facilities
2019 May 23
2019 July 25
Linear array detectors with high spatial resolution and MHz frame-rates are essential for high-rate experiments at accelerator facilities. KALYPSO, a line array detector with 1024 pixels operating over 1 Mfps has been developed. To improve the spatial resolution and sensitivity at different wavelengths, novel p-in-n Si microstrip sensors based on have been developed with a pitch of 25 micrometer. The efficiency of the sensor has been improved with the use of anti reflecting coating layers optimized for near infrared, visible and near ultraviolet. In this contribution the detector system and the sensors will be presented.


text:
Our place-based approach empowers rural leaders and communities to accelerate educational outcomes for all students by:
Addressing the program gap found in rural places to ensure students have equitable access to resources
Building the capacity of rural schools and communities to be data-driven and equity-focused
Aligning local, regional and national systems to ensure student success
The Rural Summit brings together teachers, principals, superintendents, higher education leaders, legislators, and nonprofit leaders to share ideas and strategies for ensuring that rural youth have the opportunity to enter school ready to learn and successfully transition from high school to college and career. Originally conceived as the Rural College Access and Success Summit, we have expanded our focus to include all points along the cradle-to-career path.
The Rural Library Network
The Rural Library Network is a cradle-to-career initiative that provides participants the opportunity to grow knowledge via online webinars and training in core principles of place-based work. It also offers a forum to grow relationships and connect with practitioners working in libraries across America's rural communities. Membership to the network is free.
Measuring Progress To Success
For each step along the cradle-to-career pathway, we track specific indicators to mark progress and to better understand what moves the dial for students and communities. The indicators below represent the current status in our area of intensive focus, the Kentucky Promise Zone. To learn more about these indicators and the impact that COVID-19 has had on student success in the region, see Our Impact page.
Join us on our journey to accelerate educational outcomes for all rural students
We seek partnerships in the following areas:
- With individuals and organizations to support our work in Appalachia and beyond
- With organizations seeking to implement a place-based model in their community
- With organizations interested in increasing their rural impact
- With policymakers and advocates who want to align policy and investments to better serve rural needs


must be in chronological order (that is, a new message cannot be older than the one already processed), and if a message is newer than the current system time (that is, it seems to be coming from the future), syslog-ng PE will replace its timestamp with the current system time.
 Example: How syslog-ng PE calculates context-timeout
 Consider the following two messages:
 <38>1990-01-01T14:45:25 customhostname program6[1234]: program6 testmessage
 <38>1990-01-01T14:46:25 customhostname program6[1234]: program6 testmessage
 If the context-timeout is 10 seconds and syslog-ng PE receives the messages within 1 sec, the timeout event will occur immediately, because the difference of the two timestamps (60 sec) is larger than the timeout value (10 sec).
 - Avoid using unnecessarily long timeout values on high-traffic systems, as storing the contexts for many messages can require considerable memory. For example, if two related messages usually arrive within seconds, it is not needed to set the timeout to several hours.
Referencing earlier messages of the context
When creating the aggregated message, or in the various parameters of the grouping-by() parser, you can also refer to fields and values of earlier messages of the context by adding the @<distance-of-referenced-message-from-the-current> suffix to the macro. For example, if there are three log messages in a context, the ${HOST}@1 expression refers to the host field of the current (third) message in the context, the ${HOST}@2 expression refers to the host field of the previous (second) message in the context, ${PID}@3 to the PID of the first message, and so on. For example, the following message can be created from SSH login/logout messages: An SSH session for ${SSH_USERNAME}@1 from ${SSH_CLIENT_ADDRESS}@2 closed. Session lasted from ${DATE}@2 to ${DATE}.
Caution:
When referencing an earlier message of the context, always enclose the field name between braces, for example, ${PID}@3. The reference will not work if you omit the braces.
NOTE:
To use a literal @ character in a template, use @@.
Example: Referencing values from an earlier message
The following action can be used to log the length of an SSH session (the time difference between a login and a logout message in the context):
aggregate(
 value('value name="MESSAGE" An SSH session for ${SSH_USERNAME}@1 from ${SSH_CLIENT_ADDRESS}@2 closed. Session lasted from ${DATE}@2 to ${DATE}')
)
If you do not know which message of the context contains the information you need, you can use the grep template function. For details, see grep.
Example: Using the grep template function
The following example selects the message of the context that has a username name-value pair with the root value, and returns the value of the auth_method name-value pair.
$(grep ("${username}" == "root") ${auth_method})
To perform calculations on fields that have numerical values, see Numerical operations.
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Deleting files is a dangerous operation but important regarding automation and keeping things under control. One example is temporary files. You may need a file to be created during the Flow's run, but since you don't need it after the Flow is finished, it's a good practice to delete it so as not to create "junk" files. There are other usages so let's explore the "Delete file" action and how it can help us in our Flows.
Where to find it?
You can find it under "Standard".
You may need to expand.
Pick "OneDrive for Business".
Pick the "delete file" action.
Here's what it looks like:
Pro Tip:
Power Automate tends to save the most common actions in the main screen, so check there before going through the full hierarchy. Also, you can use the search to find it quickly.
Now that we know how to find it let's understand how to use it.
Usage
It's pretty simple to use since we only need to provide the unique file identifier. For example, you can get the identifier from many actions like the "Create File" or the "Get file metadata using path" action. We'll go into detail in the "Non-intuitive behaviors," but please note that we need the file id and not the file path; even if you pick it from the UI, it presents the file path. Microsoft did this since it's a lot easier to understand what file is being deleted if we see the path than a random ID, but be aware of this.
That's it. The file is deleted once the Flow runs.
Non-intuitive behaviors
There's a behavior that tricks people when using the "delete file" action, and it's what to provide to the "File" field. Since it's called "File", we could think about the file itself (meaning its contents) or the path to the file. Power Automate even presents the file to use as a nicety.
The way it's presented makes sense, but if you want to provide your value, you need to give the file's ID, not its path, even if what you see above is the path. Power Automate does the translation from the path to ID behind the scenes, but only if you pick it from the UI.
Let's see the issue in action by having the same path as above in a "Compose" action.
Here's the result:
We get:
The file id '/TMP/Test File.xls' is not valid.
Please be aware of this since I see this happening a lot.
Limitations
You cannot delete locked file. This is not a limitation per se, but it's something to keep in mind if you get a 423 "Forbidden" error. OneDrive for Business can lock files for several reasons, like if Power Automate edits the file in other actions of the Flow, so be careful. The standard strategy is to use a "Delay" action for a few seconds to let OneDrive "catch up," update the status and close the file before deleting it.
Recommendations
Here are some things to keep in mind.
Name it correctly
The name is super important in this case since we're deleting the file by either providing the ID or having a defined static one. Always build the name so that other people can understand what you are using without the need to open the action and check the details.
Always add a comment
Adding a comment will also help avoid mistakes. Indicate where the ID comes from, for example, so that the person looking understands why the file is being deleted and if it's the correct file. This is also important in case the file's path is being defined. It's essential to enable faster debugging when something goes wrong.
Always deal with errors
Have your Flow fail graciously and notify someone that something failed. It's horrible to have failing Flows in Power Automate since they may go unlooked-for a while or generate even worse errors. I have a template that you can use to help you make your Flow resistant to issues. You can check all details here.
Am I missing something? Leave a comment or interact on Twitter. Let's work together to make this reference as complete as we can
Back to the Power Automate Action Reference.
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Manuel Gomes
I'm a previous Project Manager, and Developer now focused on delivering quality articles and projects here on the site. I've worked in the past for companies like Bayer, Sybase (now SAP), and Pestana Hotel Group and using that knowledge to help you automate your daily tasks
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Documentation for CXO-Cockpit Reporting Suite 5.0, click for CXO-Cockpit Reporting Suite 4.3 Documentation or check the CXO-Cockpit Website.
From CXO Cockpit Reporting Suite Documentation
Jump to: navigation, search
This template can be used to build a homepage. The homepage will represent the entry point of the CXO-Cockpit and will give the end-user a quick overview how the company is performing against it most important KPI's.
It is also possible to create a user defined Homepage using a Free Format Template or any other Standard Template.
The Home Report - Homepage for each user is assigned within the user group that they belong to Maintain User group
Home page 5.0.png
What is shown on the Homepage?
 1. This represents a list of KPI's or accounts from your company. This can be any KPI or account that is derived from HFM or Hyperion Enterprise. You can create more KPI's if you prefer. The KPI's are interactive, which means you can drill down on them for further detail on period and YTD basis. In this case you see that Operating Expenses are highlighted and show in detail per entity.
 2. You can view the KPI's from an Actual perspective in the actual column.
 3. You can also view the KPI's from a Budget perspective. In this column we can represent any category that has been defined in the underlying HFM or HE model. For instance comparison with forecast, end of last year, last year actual etc. are all possible within this pick list.
 4. In the graph the orange dots represent budget figures, the bars represent actual data, where the signal color green represents the fact that actual figures are above budget and red is below budget, which of course depends whether you are looking at costs or for instance revenue.
 5. You can view the selected account by the custom dimensions (for instance entity, product, customers, channel, etc) that are defined in the underlying HFM or HE model.
 6. In this section you can see recent news


text:
Keywords: welder, weld
As a Noun
1. A person whose job is welding metal. English = welder.
2. A join where two pieces of metal have been welded together. English = weld.
As a Verb or Adjective
1. To join two pieces of metal together by heating their edges and fixing them together so that they cool and harden into one piece. English = weld.


Changing user agent in Mozilla Firefox
Every web browser uses user agent strings to have itself identified. The web servers request these strings to find out if it is Internet Explorer, Opera or Mozilla Firefox etc. The user agent strings are built inside the browser. But in Mozilla Firefox you can spoof the user agent strings. The result being that even if you are using Firefox, the web server would think you are using Internet Explorer or some other browser.
This is very helpful when some site insists on using Internet Explorer. I have seen some university web sites which refuse to work if you are using anything other than Microsoft Internet Explorer. You can spoof the user agent strings to have your way with such sites. This is how :
 1. Start Firefox
 2. Visit in Firefox.
 3. When Firefox asks your permission, click Install to install this addon. Then restart your Firefox browser.
 4. When Firefox restarts, you would be able to access the User Agent Switcher from the Tools menu.
Please note that just by spoofing the User Agent strings, a browser will not render the sites like a spoofed web browser. If you are doing an important work like filling up an application form, or doing some financial transactions and a site tells you to use a specific web browser, you should do as directed.


text:
In some contexts, the term powdered sugar is used to indicate all forms of refined sugar that have been ground or powdered. In other words, it encompasses any sugar with a fine grain including confectioners' sugar. Confectioners' sugar is a powdered sugar though not all powdered sugar is confectioners' sugar.
In other cases, confectioners' sugar may refer to a specific fineness, or the extent to which the sugar has been ground. The fineness of sugar is denoted by a number between 3 and 10 followed by an X. The higher the number, the finer the grind. Confectioners' sugar is 10x sugar. Note that not all packages of sugar will have the fineness of the grind indicated on the label. Let's review more of the similarities and differences between confectioners' sugar and powdered sugar in another SPICEography Showdown.


text:
Why did Gandhi win the Nobel Peace Prize?
Gandhi was nominated for the Noble Peace Prize several times; but never won.
No. Gandhiji never won the Nobel Peace Prize. Mohandas Gandhi (_PHONE_) became the symbol of non-violence for the 20th century. Many say that the Indian national leader should have been the very man to be selected for the Nobel Peace Prize. He was nominated several times, but was never awarded the prize. See the link below to the Nobel Committee's website.


text:
Natural Resources - Factors Affecting Productivity Improvement
The manner in which countries use the resources at their disposal is of major importance, although an absence or lack of a specific resource may be overcome through ingenuity. By using the human resources at its disposal, countries lacking in such vital resources as coal and steel have become immensely powerful in other areas, ie the Swiss banking and Japanese Consumer Electronics Industries. Other such resources which require proper management include land, energy and raw materials.
Government and infrastructure
Many of the ways in which government policy affects the organisation have already been discussed, and as stated, to ensure productivity growth on a national basis requires the government to be aware of possible policy methods which will help industry.


text:
This is a Beta Read Only version of this page. Please review and send recommendations to _EMAIL_. We will enable the editing as soon as we are happy with the overall Wiki site.
type TTLMainThredEvent = class( TTLBasicTimingFilter )
class TTLMainThredEvent : public TTLBasicTimingFilter
Visual C++ (MFC):
class CTTLMainThredEvent : public CTTLBasicTimingFilter
public ref class TTLMainThredEvent : Mitov.TimingLab.BasicTimingFilter
Allows other threads to generate main thread notifications.
Use this component to allow other threads to generate main thread notifications.
Accessing user interface items such as Labels, Check Boxes, Buttons, etc. from a thread different than the main thread in windows is not safe and can lead to application crash.
TTLMainThredEvent allows any thread to call an event in the context of the main thread where the code can safely access any user interface item.
To assign the event to be called use the OnNotify event to a callback function.
To generate the event call the Fire method.
If you need to wait until the event is processed set the Blocking property to True.
- Blocking - Specifies whether the the Fire event will wait until the notification is processed before returning.
- procedure Fire() - Generates a main thread event.
- OutputPin - The output pin of the component.
- Enabled - Enables or disables the component.


text:
U.S. Patent Office again confirms company's powerful simulation technology remains unrivaled in its ability as a design tool to predict long term product reliability
Brentwood, TN, November 15, 2012 – The U.S. Patent & Trademark Office recently awarded VEXTEC Corporation its sixth and seventh patents protecting the intellectual property upon which the company's Virtual Life Management® (VLM®) simulation technology is built. Patent Nos. _PHONE_ and _PHONE_, furthers VEXTEC's ownership stake in probabilistic, microstructure material modeling technology to predict durability. The patents specifically address the use of Virtual Life Management
simulation technology in the design of electronic devices.
The reliability of electronic devices is particularly reliant on the integrity of solder joints and interconnects, which are estimated to account for 70% of the failures in electronic devices. As electronic devices are powered up and down, interconnect elements are subject to thermal gradient cycling, which, working in combination with vibration, impact, and shock loadings, creates dynamic conditions conducive to fatigue in the interconnect and solder joint materials. Dr. Robert Tryon, VEXTEC CTO and Co-founder, whose is a co-inventor, said, "Material failure is considered a primary cause behind electronic device failures. The application of Virtual Life Management modeling techniques provides for improvements in the understanding of electronic system reliability and allow for significant reductions in bench testing." "These two patents represent another validation point in VEXTEC's unique computational modeling capabilities and demonstrates the opportunities to accelerate product development and time to market for the electronics industry" according to VEXTEC CEO James Allen. "We look forward to bringing this capability to the global electronics industries."


text:
RGB color can be converted into Pantone by using a graphics program such as Photoshop or Illustrator. Pantone color options are approximate and may not exactly match RGB colors.Continue Reading
Color can be converted from RGB to Pantone in Illustrator using the following steps:
Open the document and select the color that needs to be converted.
Go to the "Window" tab and select the "Color Guide."
Select the icon that appears in the bottom left corner of the screen. From there, scroll to "Color Books" and choose "Pantone solid coated."
The color that is to be converted should be indicated with a black arrow. Click on the color to convert it to Pantone.


text:
Spence was among a handful of schools nationwide invited to participate in the University of Chicago Freedom of Expression and Open Discourse in High School Conference
. Six members of the Spence community—Juniors Rhea A., Ria J. and Hamida M. attended the three-day conference alongside Head of School Bodie Brizendine, Director of Institutional Equity Rebecca Hong and History Teacher Nathalie Pierre.
Conference participants explored issues of free speech in K-12 schools as part of Q&A sessions and panels. They also discussed case studies and considered the practical application of free speech policies in educational environments.
"The topic of freedom of expression has captured our attention and focus this year," said Brizendine. "This is a wonderful opportunity for us to dig in."
"I had the opportunity to learn about freedom of expression throughout history and its relationship with discovery and truth," Hamida shared. "It was interesting to think about free expression in educational spaces and its effect on the well-being of students."
"The conference was an amazing opportunity to engage with other schools" about their practices relating to free speech, said Rhea. "It gave me real perspective on the complexities of free speech and expression in schools."
Hong similarly emphasized that the conference brought people together who offered many different viewpoints about how free speech in schools should be approached. "Most of the conference proceedings took place at group tables, with students intermixed with adults and heads of school, offering really different perspectives on what's required in K-12 settings," Hong shared, noting that the end goal of this work is to "foster deeper understandings and practices of freedom of expression."
Hong noted that discussions at the conference centered around the following questions: "How do you practice community and civic engagement? What concrete skills are necessary?"
One of the main topics addressed was the difference between debate, discourse and deliberation—and how all three of those skills can be taught and practiced "skillfully, productively and compassionately" in K-12 classrooms.
"For a long time, debate has been focused on as the central form of communication," Hong added. "Dialogue, trying to raise your level of understanding in any given conversation, and deliberation, trying to come to a joint decision around an issue with groups and different perspectives in a room, are also essential skills for students to be in discourse and exchange ideas."
Now back from the conference, this group is considering how to further civic engagement and discourse at Spence.
For Rhea, reflecting on the key differences between those three skills was a helpful exercise as she ponders how to apply her learnings at the conference to ongoing dialogues at Spence. "I am grateful to have had in depth discussions about how debate, deliberation, and discourse can be catalysts for stimulating conversions within our School," Rhea underscored.
"I hope to be able to help our school community take part in discussions about freedom of expression, and practice discourse skills," Hamida added.
For Hong, "responsible civic engagement requires that we as school communities understand how to balance protection of free speech and the protection of people." "This group will continue to take responsibility about how we build awareness of the importance of discourse skills and civic engagement, and the complexities involved."


Ask Mr. Smarty Plants
Smoking mint instead of tobacco from Fairfield CA
Author: Barbara Medford
Date: Saturday - March 23, 2013
From: Fairfield, CA
QUESTION: I realize this is a stupid question, but i am a little curious about this. Anyway I heard more people are smoking mint leaves to help cure their addiction to tobacco and i was wondering if it is safe? I know that smoking in general is bad, but i want to know if there is anything specific in mint that can harm the lungs.
There are several reasons why this question falls out of Mr. Smarty Plant's expertise. Our focus is on the growth, propagation and protection of plants native not only to North America but to the area in which those plants grow naturally. There are170 plants in the Lamiaceae (mint) family native to North America, but you are probably asking about the mints native to the Meditteranean area of Europe, widely used for fragrance and food flavoring. So that's the first reason we wouldn't be able to answer questions about smoking it. The second reason is that our first name is "Smarty," which precludes our making any comment at all on the wisdom of sticking any burning plant in our mouth and inhaling the fumes.
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text:
Material Design Upload Files. If this library is added just add the html css class file_upload to any element to add the icon. Step 7 — creating an angular file upload service;
Material design icons' growing icon collection allows designers and developers targeting various platforms to download icons in the format, color and size they need for any project. A new zipped folder with the same name is created in the same location. File upload icon is given below.
Standard File Inputs Usually Leave A Lot To Be Desired In Terms Of Design, But Mdb Takes Care Of That By Enhancing Them With Material Design Best Practices.
Show activity on this post. File input allows users to upload one or more files (documents, images or sheets). Materialize is a material design admin template,it's modern, responsive and based on material design by google.
Material Is An Adaptable System Of Guidelines, Components, And Tools That Support The Best Practices Of User Interface Design.
To start implementing file upload first, create a new project in angular for that you need to run the following command to create a project. You can manage size of icon(file_upload) by. Then it will take some time to create the project.
First Make Sure You Have Added Material Icon Library.
Your first material design for bootstrap page Setup material ui file upload project. After creating the service that takes care of sending formdata to the file upload server, let's now create the ui for uploading images to the server.
Locate The File Or Folder That You Want To Zip.
In this article, we'll learn how to create file upload using material components in angular. Now we are ready to run our example, we will create api file using php. It is also used to import data from files (sheets).
Csv Upload To Crm System;
There is also a small css custom code to position the input:file button and a few arrangements for the toolbar component. A new zipped folder with the same name is created in the same location. No icons matched the search.


Volvo Redblock Engine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Volvo B21 engine)
Jump to: navigation, search
B234F Red Block in a 740 GLE
The Volvo B21 was a slant straight-4 engine first used in the Volvo 200 series, meant to replace the B20. The B21 and all derived engines are often referred to as red block engines for the red paint applied to the block. The primary differences when compared to the B20 was the switch to a SOHC in place of the older pushrod configuration, and an aluminum crossflow cylinder head versus the iron head of the B20.
Initially the overhead camshaft versions were offered as optional equipment on the 240, becoming standard in all markets by the 1976 model year. The overhead camshaft motors were available in displacements of 2.0 (B19 and B200), 2.1 (B21), and eventually 2.3 (B23 and B230) litres. The B21 featured an 80 mm (3.1 in) stroke, and 92 mm (3.6 in) bore. In the US, the B21's power output ranged anywhere between 98 hp (73 kW) and 107 hp (73 to 80 kW), based on variations in the compression ratio and was typically supplied with a B or M camshaft.
The engines are tilted approx 15 degrees to left (exhaust side) to make room for the more complicated injection systems. B19 and B21 blocks can be identified by water plugs on one side of the block. The B23 blocks have them on both sides. The camshaft is driven by a toothed belt that is driven off the front of the crankshaft. The belt turns the intermediate shaft as well, which in turn drives the oil pump, distributor (on 240 engines and BXX 700/900 series engines) and the fuel pump of carburetor models.
In 1981 the B21FT, a B21F with a turbo, was introduced with a compression ratio of 7.5:1 mated with a Garrett T3 turbocharger and a T camshaft. Additional turbo variants, not offered in the US market, were the B19ET and the B21ET, based on the B19E and B21E respectively. The turbocharger increased power output to 127 hp (91 kW) for the B21FT, and 157 hp (115 kW) for the B21ET. Also new for the 1981 model year was the B23, with a displacement of 2.3 litres (80 mm stroke and 96 mm (3.8 in) bore). Aside from the increased bore size, the engine is identical to the B21. Volvo used a slightly different mold for the turbo engines to cast a boss for the turbo oil return line. Because a turbocharged engine has a higher operating temperature they used sodium filled exhaust valves and a thermostat controlled oil cooler (air/oil model).
In 1983 the B23 was introduced to the American market. Also introduced in 1983, the "intercooler boost system" (IBS) was introduced for the B21FT motors. The IBS kit consisted of an intercooler, appropriate ducting, a new fan shroud, new oil cooler lines and mounting brackets, and optionally an automatic transmission kit. IBS raised the output of the B21FT to 162 hp (121 kW), slightly more than the non intercooled European market B21ET's 157 hp (117 kW).
Midway through the 1984 model year, the "intercooler boost system" became standard on American 240 Turbos. Additionally a bigger clutch and a stepped flywheel were included.
The B200 amongst others powered the Volvo 360.
In 1985 a revised, "low friction" design was introduced, dubbed the B200 and B230 (depending on displacement). Several components had design changes, longer rods (152 mm c-c, 7 mm (0.3 in) longer), pistons with a lower compression height, lower friction bearings (smaller in size), a crankshaft with 8 counterweights (instead of 4 on the older Bxx engines) and a heavy harmonic balancer in the crank pulley. 1989 saw an upgrade to the crankshaft, with a relocated axial thrust bearing back to the number 5 journal, bigger main bearings, rods were enlarged to 13 mm (0.5 in) from 9 mm (0.4 in) in 1990. Also introduced in 1989 were 16 valve, twin-cam variants of the B200 and B230, dubbed the B204 and B234 respectively. The B204 was also available in turbo form in some markets (such as Italy) where large displacement motors were taxed heavily. It came in two versions: The B204GT turbo motor operates with a lead resistant lambda probe and generates approximately 200 hp (149 kW). The B204FT has a catalytic converter and generates 185 hp (138 kW). Both were the first redblocks standard equipped with oil squirters for piston cooling. Crankshaft, conrods and pistons all forged. Exhaust valves were sodium filled for cooler operation. It has smaller valves and stiffer valve springs than n/a 16V. Crank torque is 290 N·m (210 lb·ft) at 2950 rpm for the GT, and 280 N·m (210 lb·ft) for the FT. Other differences from the normal 16V redblock engine are that it uses a remote mounted oil filter (Away from block on exhaust side engine mount) and a windage tray.
For the B230 engines 1993, piston cooling, oil squirting jets were added to help alleviate piston slap problems on the turbo motors. Another modification was to go from a square toothed timing belt set up to a round toothed timing belt setup which made for quieter belt running.
The last redblocks were made in 1998, when the 940 model was discontinued in Europe, although the 940 was discontinued in 1995 in North America.
Special versions[edit]
Special version for certain European export markets (e.g. Greece, Israel) with shorter stroke than the B19, 88.9 mm × 71.85 mm (3.5 in × 2.8 in) bore and stroke for 1,784 cc displacement.
B19 Turbo[edit]
The 1,986 cc 136 PS (100 kW) B19ET was sold in certain markets where engines of over 2 litre displacement were heavily taxed, such as Italy. The engine has the same stroke as all other redblocks, the smaller displacement is the result of a smaller bore (88.9 x 80.0 mm). It is a very robust engine with forged pistons (made by Kolbenschmidt).[citation needed] The B19 later turned into the B200 low friction engine.
B23 Turbo[edit]
The B23ET and B23FT motors were offered for two years only in the 1983 and 1984 Volvo 700 and 200 series. Both the B23ET and B23FT are somewhat unique in the 700 series as they were the only turbo motors offered in the 700 series with a block mounted distributor, forged pistons and a forged crankshaft. The B23ET was the only redblock known to be equipped with a small coolant passage version of the higher flowing 405 cylinder head, the FT had to make do with normal 398 head. As these motors predate the low-friction B200 and B230 turbos and are equipped with forged pistons and crank, they are often considered one of the most robust Volvo turbo motors.
16 Valve Variants[edit]
B204GT in a Volvo 960
Introduced in 1989 for the 740 GLE (and later used in the 940/960), The 16-Valve Redblock motors were offered in both a 2.0 litre Turbo (B204FT/GT) and a 2.3 litre 154 hp Naturally aspirated version (B234F). The head was designed for Volvo by Porsche.[citation needed] In addition to the 16 Valve head, these motors were equipped with twin counter rotating external balance shafts and the engine block itself differs from the 8V redblock. The block differed from the standard B230 in that the auxiliary shaft (used to drive the oil pump and distributor on models that had block mounted distributors) was replaced with an external oil pump. The 16-Valve head was itself a completely new design for Volvo: The head was of a multi-piece design featuring a separate cam carrier and lower section. The later "white block" motors can trace their head design back to the two-piece setup found in the B204 and B234. The 2.0 litre turbo variant was introduced for European markets with tax structures tied to engine displacement such as Italy. Unique to the B204 turbo was an exhaust gas pyrometer which was used to detect excessively high exhaust temperatures. When excessively high exhaust temperatures were detected, the fuel injection computer would richen the mixture. It has a forged crankshaft, cast pistons, and 13 mm (0.5 in) connecting rods.
Although a powerful engine for its time, the 16 Valve engine can experience some problems that can be solved easily. One of the few problems is oil pump gear problems leading to broken timing belts. The oil pump gear


text:
The Integrated Use of Audio Diaries, Photography, and Interviews in Research with Disabled Young Men
In this article we provide a critical reflection on the integrated use of solicited audio diaries, photography, and interviews in a study with disabled young men transitioning to adulthood. In the study, we developed a methodological approach for illuminating the intersectionality of gender, disability, and generation (life stage) identities. Drawing from a critical Bourdieusian perspective, we suggest that rather than producing single or "true" accounts, the combination of methods can be used to elucidate how participants establish, maintain, and reform their identities in everyday practices. Furthermore, we discuss how participants' acts of data creation are analyzable events in themselves, wherein participants do work to establish, maintain, and reform their identities. We conclude with some lessons learned and future directions.


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Moichor automated CBCs harnesses computer vision and AI to achieve results only made possible by high throughput image capture technology. Automating CBCs reduces variability by 10x.
Automated CBC Diagnostics for:
- Avian & Reptile
- Exotic Mammals
- Small Mammals
How we work
For Avian and reptile patients, Moichor uses its automated imaging and AI algorithm to analyze and provide both cell count and morphology assessment for every sample. These results are verified by our pathology team.
For Mammal patients, Moichor applies a two-pronged approach. First, we run the sample through the gold standard Advia 2120i. Then, it's run through Moichor's imaging system and AI algorithm to provide information that can't be captured by the Advia like complex morphologies and parasites — in essence, a pathologist's eye analyzes every single slide. Plus, you'll receive the slide image file for every sample you submit.
Customers can expect a pathology report for each any sample included at no cost.
- Access to patient images
- Comprehensive insights via imaging
- Complementary pathology review
- 3-5x larger sample area
Make Clinical Decisions with Confidence
More accurate and economical pathology results within 24 hours.


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Wikipedia mentions that Rik-Veda has 432 000 syllables and refers to Satapatha Brahmana as the source of this information. Satapatha Brahmana 10:4:2:23 states the following:
"He arranged the Rik-verses into twelve thousand of Brihatîs, for of that extent are the verses created by Prajapati. At the thirtieth arrangement they came to an end in the Paṅktis; and because it was at the thirtieth arrangement that they came to an end, there are thirty nights in the month; and because it was in the Paṅktis, therefore Prajapati is 'pankta' (fivefold). There are one hundred-and-eight hundred Paṅktis."
12000 (Brihatis) x 36 (syllables) = 432000
10800 (Panktis) x 40 (syllables) = 432000
My questions: Does Rik-Veda consist of Brihati meters with 36 syllables, or of Pankti meters with 40 syllables?
If it consists of both, then the total amount of syllables would be 864000.
According to my understanding Rik-Veda has many different meters, like Trishtubh, Gayatri, Jagati etc.
Who can explain to me the Satapatha Brahmana text?
What is the meaning of the thirtieth arrangement where the Brihatis came to an end in the Panktis?
(I am writing Rik with ka instead of ga, because my Guru'ji says ka is more original, only later it developed into ga. R stands for infinite dynamism of the absolute Being and ka stands for its point value.)


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In January 2019, the UK Government published its Maritime 2050: Navigating the Future strategy. In the strategy, the government highlighted the importance of digitalisation (with well-designed regulatory support) to achieving its goal of ensuring that the UK plays a global leadership role in the maritime sector.
PETRAS Researchers have released a briefing document, led by Dr. Feja Lesniewska (PETRAS UCL Researcher) that has identified six IoT related security and governance challenges for UK ports.
Ports, the gateways for 95% of UK trade movements, were identified as key sites for investment in technological innovation. The government identified the potential of the Internet of Things (IoT), in conjunction with other information-sharing technologies, such as shared data platforms, and Artificial Intelligence applications (AI), to synchronise processes within the port ecosystem leading to improved efficiency, safety and environmental benefits, including improved air quality and lower greenhouse gas emissions.
The six key challenges identified in the briefing document are:
1. Adaptive Risk Management
2. Interoperability of IoT and Legacy Systems
3. Security Management Accountability
4. Due Diligence and Capacity
5. Alignment and Review
6. The Business Case
You can download the full briefing document here.
If you would to contact the Centre regarding this briefing document, please email Dr Feja Lesniewska at _EMAIL_.


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Selcuk to Bergama route map has been given with driving direction, The given road map may assist for your travel in different ways. You can calculate the Selcuk to Bergama travel distance and travel time using our map. Our driving direction from Selcuk to Bergama can guide you to reach your destination. The google direction map consist of blue road which connect Selcuk with Bergama. It also shows the nearest places, hotels, petrol pump and tourist places around the route between Selcuk and Bergama. You change the via route by drag and drop the blue line between Selcuk to Bergama.
The shortest route from Selcuk to Bergama may available in google map. You can simply drag the way point to different route. The shortest route between Selcuk to Bergama is calculated based on the distance. The balloon with the letter 'A' denote the starting point of the road map. The letter 'B' on the second balloon is a destination point.
The straight line route or flight route from Selcuk to Bergama is a crow fly distance route. Just it is a direct line between these two places. The highway numbers are shown with yellow color background. You can print the Selcuk Bergama road map on paper using your printer.


text:
Songworks 3 Tutorial Videos
1. The Edit Window
An overview of the music editing window
2. The Keyboard Window
An overview of the keyboard tools window
3. Entering Music in Step Time
How to enter music note-by-note in the edit window
4. Entering Chords
How to enter chord symbols in the edit window
5. Entering Text
How to enter either free or lyric text in the edit window
6. Entering Music in Multiple Parts
How to enter multiple voices on the same staff
7. Adjusting Staves
How to adjust the positioning of staves on the printed page
8. The Letter Keys Piano
Improvising melodies on the letter keys "piano" with optional chord accompaniment
9. Active Listening
Playing music by tapping the rhythm - for fun or for learning a part
10. Shape Notes
An explanation of shape notes and how you can use Songworks to write music with shapes.
11. Selecting Staff Items
How to select notes, rests and other staff symbols.
12. Selecting Text
How to select text blocks.
13. Selecting Chords
How to select chord symbols.


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- Author: Kathy Keatley Garvey
Zalom is the first entomologist to receive the coveted award, according to Kim Kaplan of the USDA-ARS Office of Communications.
Zalom was singled out for his outstanding work in IPM related to sustainable horticulture production, specifically for "his outstanding leadership and public service in IPM for horticultural crops at the regional, state, national and international levels; his stellar accomplishments in horticultural crops sustainability and pest management and his work ethic, service, courage and integrity, all driven by his insatiable curiosity and passion to solve problems in the horticultural crops landscape," Kaplan said.
Zalom will receive the award, co-sponsored by USDA-ARS and the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS), on Thursday, Sept. 21 at the ASHS conference in Waikoloa, Hawaii. He will present the Morrison Memorial Lecture on "Significance of Integrated Pest Management to Sustainable Horticultural Production – Observations and Experiences."
The IPM concept was developed by pest scientists in response to economic, environmental, and societal issues facing growers, Zalom says in his abstract. "The application of IPM concepts to horticultural crops has been particularly useful to facilitate sustainable production when presented with extrinsic challenges that arise from the presence of insect pests. Changing consumer preferences, new governmental regulations, limited pesticide availability and resistance development, and invasive species introductions are among challenges to horticultural crop production that have been mitigated with an IPM approach. Observations and experiences demonstrate that effective IPM benefits from a transdisciplinary approach that places the plant as the unifier of knowledge."
Zalom, a past president of the 7000-member Entomological Society of America (ESA) and a member of the UC Davis faculty since 1980, holds a doctorate in entomology from UC Davis.
He is known for his work in the sustainability of tree crops, small fruits, vegetable crops, water quality and invasive species. Under his 16-year leadership as director, the University of California Integrated Pest Management Program (UC IPM) became recognized as the premier program of its type in the world. During that time, he reinforced the need for "sustainability" in the pursuit of managing pests.
The horticultural crops that Zalom has addressed during his 38-year career include almonds, grapes, olives, strawberries, tomatoes, and scores of others. Almonds in California account for more than 80 percent of the world's production and more than $4 billion of export value. California grapes account for all of the table grapes produced in the US, valued at $1.8 billion, and represent 85 percent of wine grapes that contribute to $32 billion in retail value. California growers also produce more than 85 percent of U.S. strawberries valued at about $2 billion annually, and virtually all of the country's olives and processing tomatoes. He is currently the primary campus-based entomologist working on all of these crops.
His research projects on pests, leading to successful agricultural applications, include navel orangeworm and spider mites in almonds, spider mites in strawberries, spotted wing drosophila in raspberries and cherries, and olive fruit fly in olives. He led the successful multidisciplinary research and extension effort during the 1990s that resulted in the reduction of dormant sprays in almonds and tree fruit by more than 50 percent while reducing organophosphate insecticide used as dormant sprays by over 90 percent. Recently, he and USDA-ARS virologist Mysore Sudarshana identified the vector of grapevine red blotch virus in vineyards as a treehopper, which now opens the possibility for developing a management approach to control the spread of the virus.
Known nationally and globally for his IPM leadership in numerous organizations, Zalom is an elected fellow of four scientific organizations: ESA, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Royal Entomological Society (London) and the California Academy of Sciences.
He organized and co-chaired--with presidents of four other entomological societies--the first ever International Entomology Leadership Summit, spanning two days within the 2016 International Congress of Entomology (ICE) meeting in September in Orlando, Fla.
Highly honored by his peers, Zalom is the recipient of numerous awards, including the most recent: Perry Adkisson Distinguished Speaker Award from Texas A&M University; the Entomological Foundation IPM Team Award, the Entomological Foundation Excellence in IPM Award, and the Outstanding Mentor Award from the UC Davis Consortium for Women and Research.
Zalom has authored more than 340 peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and books, and has served as major professor for 12 Ph.D. students and seven master's students.
The Morrison Award memorializes Benjamin Y. Morrison (1891–1966), a pioneer in horticulture, and the first director of the U.S. National Arboretum in Washington, D.C. He also helped found the American Horticultural Society and the American Iris Society. A scientist, landscape architect, plant explorer, author, and lecturer, he advanced the science of botany in the United States and fostered broad international exchange of ornamental plants. He also served as chief editor of the American Horticultural Society's magazine from its inception in 1926 until 1963.
To this day, the National Arboretum shows the impact of his work--particularly in the dogwood plantings, the Asian collections, and the azalea gardens. He also helped organize the arboretum's national herbarium collections.
As a plant breeder, Morrison is probably best known for his azaleas, Kaplan said. "He was one of the leading azalea authority in America during the first half of the 20th Century, and he worked for more than twenty-five years to breed a group of winter-hardy azaleas with large, colorful flowers, especially suited for the mid-Atlantic. These included the more than 400 Glenn Dale hybrids that he developed."


This is all very cool, but I suggest you don't over-use it: functions are a clearer way of passing parameters.
super is used when combining two objects (obj1 + obj2), and in obj2 you want to access a value from obj1 which would otherwise be hidden by the replacement field from obj2. This is especially useful for arrays.
For array transformations other than a simple append, you'll need to replace the field with an entirely new array value derived from the previous one. For example, this is how you can remove the front value from an array:
local obj = {
foo:: 123,
bar:: 456,
baz:: 789,
items: [self.foo, self.bar, self.baz],
};
obj {
items: super.items[1:],
}
This is replacing the items field with an expression which uses the items value from the first object. Think of the first object as sitting in a layer beneath the second: it's hidden by the second, but still accessible via super.
Documentation
I hope that has given you a basic flavour of jsonnet, and now you may wish to review the documentation. The information is spread around a bit⁴: I found the language reference to be the most approachable, but it does not mention some features which are shown in the tutorial, and vice versa. You should also skim through the standard library.
In part two, I'm going to show some specific patterns that I've found helpful when composing kubernetes resources, with a full worked example.
⁰ Beware, the expression does not necessarily follow -e immediately; there could be other flags. So jsonnet -e '-42' fails, because it treats -4 as if it were a flag. To fix, use jsonnet -e -- '-42'
¹ It's good style to include the trailing commas, and jsonnetfmt will add them for you.
² When returning an object, you could write either:
function(args) {
field: value,
}
or:
function(args)
{
field: value,
}
jsonnetfmt permits (and preserves) both styles. The former uses less indentation, and is consistent with how you create nested objects. The latter lets you insert 'local' definitions prior to the returned object without re-indenting (although you can also put 'local' definitions inside the object). Use whichever you prefer.
³ There's also a special variable $ which means "the top-level object" in the current expression.
⁴ In addition: some language features are mentioned but not defined, such as arr[10:20:2] — you're expected to go to Python documentation to understand that. And some keywords are not documented at all. But these documentation weaknesses are really the only problems I've found with jsonnet.