Skip to main content
aws_dhcp_options Resource
DEPRECATION NOTICE
The aws_dhcp_options InSpec audit resource is deprecated and replaced by the aws_ec2_dhcp_option and aws_ec2_dhcp_options resources.
Use the aws_dhcp_options InSpec audit resource to test properties of a single AWS DHCP Options.
For additional information, including details on parameters and properties, see the AWS documentation on EC2.
Installation
This resource is available in the Chef InSpec AWS resource pack.
See the Chef InSpec documentation on cloud platforms for information on configuring your AWS environment for InSpec and creating an InSpec profile that uses the InSpec AWS resource pack.
Syntax
Ensure that an aws_dhcp_options exists
describe aws_dhcp_options('dopt-0123456789abcdefg') do
 it { should exist }
end
describe aws_dhcp_options(dhcp_options_id: 'dopt-0123456789abcdefg') do
 it { should exist }
end
Parameters
dhcp_options_id (required)
This resource accepts a single parameter, the DHCP Options ID which uniquely identifies the DHCP Options. This can be passed either as a string or as a dhcp_options_id: 'value' key-value entry in a hash.
Properties
dhcp_configurations
The list of dhcp configurations.
domain_name_servers
The list of domain name servers in the dhcp configuration.
ntp_servers
The list of ntp servers in the dhcp configuration.
tags
The tags of the DHCP Options.
Examples
Test tags on the DHCP options.
describe aws_dhcp_options('dopt-0123456789abcdefg') do
 its('tags') { should include(:Environment => 'env-name',
 :Name => 'dhcp-options-name')}
end
AWS Permissions
Your Principal will need the EC2:Client:DescribeDhcpOptionsResult action with Effect set to Allow.
You can find detailed documentation at Actions, Resources, and Condition Keys for Amazon EC2.
Edit this page on GitHub.
Thank you for your feedback!
×
Search Results


text:
Sulayman Chappelle is the firstborn child of a renowned American Primetime Emmy Award winner Dave Chappelle who is a legendary actor, humorist, author, and producer, and his significant other Elaine Mendoza Chappelle. His father Dave is a receiver of numerous high-class tributes and awards. He has been honored with Grammy Awards thrice a time and Emmy Awards twice a time.
Upbringing, Family, and Education
Dave's son Sulayman, a 19-year-old boy, took birth in the year 2001, in Ohio. Sulayman belongs to African American ethnicity and bears American citizenship. As of religion, his mother Elaine is a Christian who belongs to the Philippines while Sulayman practices Islam because his father adopted Islam in 1998. Being the eldest child of the family, Sulayman is followed by two other siblings namely, Ibrahim Chappelle and Sonal Chappelle. Presently, the family of six resides in Yellow Springs, Ohio, out of the media attention. Moving on to his education, not many details about his academic life is revealed to the media other than the fact that Sulayman finished his elementary schooling at a local high school near his native land.
Sulayman's Father- Dave Chappelle
David Khari Webber Chappelle (commonly known as Dave) was born on August 24, 1973, under the earth sign of Virgo. Both of his parents served as the teaching faculty of a college. His dad William was a professor of Antioch College in Yellow Springs, and his mom Yvonne, a Unitarian Minister taught as a professor at Howard University. While he was a very young child, his parents' relation lost stability and they finally split. Afterward, he used to spend his time by sometimes staying in Washington or Ohio. Concerning his academics, Dave was enrolled at the Duke Ellington School of Arts in Washington, D.C., where he was drawn towards The Cosby Show and decided to become a comedian in the future.
Check other celebrities biography
Career Beginning and Growth
Upon Graduating, Dave shifted to NYC and appeared in front of an audience as a professional comic at the Apollo Theatre, however, didn't get a lot of applauds. Still, he did not surrender and lastly turned out to be the face of the comedy circuit. Thus, carving his way into the film industry as well. He could be seen in several movies including "Robin Hood: Men In Tights", "Forrest Gump", "Home Improvement", and many more on the list. One of his greatest achievements that helped him land on a project worth multi-million was launching the "Chappelle's Show" that broadcasted from 2003 to 2006. Throughout his thriving career, Dave has been a recipient of several tributes and awards. He was positioned no. 3 in the catalog of 'Comedy Central Presents: 100 Greatest Standups of All Time'. Also, his name was recorded in the Forbes 'Celebrity 100' chart, with a net worth of over $12 million.
Dave's Net Worth
As per the latest credible sources, David Khari Webber Chappelle's net worth is valued at $50 million, primarily accumulated from his successful television career.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
College of Communication > Academics > Graduate Programs > Independent Study & Experiential Learning
Graduate students in the College of Communication are permitted to take a maximum of 8 credits worth of independent study/experiential learning courses. These courses include:
Independent study is an opportunity for high-achieving students with substantial training in a communication subspecialty to individually shape a course of study with a faculty expert. An independent study is not a substitute for regular curricular offerings, a way around requirements or a schedule alternative for students unwilling to accommodate the timetable of a needed course. Independent study is an avenue for continued learning if a student possesses the initiative and discipline to structure and pursue a course of study on fairly independent terms.
If you are interested in conducting an independent study, please consult with your program director before proceeding.
STEP 1: Student must submit an independent study request form and an independent study proposal. The independent study proposal will contain as a minimum the following provisions:
This proposal will serve as the course syllabus and it can be referred to in cases of grade challenges. Only changes mutually agreeable to student and instructor are permissible and then such arrangements must be in place in writing and signed by both parties.
STEP 2: The independent study request form must be signed and approved by your faculty advisor and graduate program director before being submitted. If approved, you will be registered for the appropriate independent study course (CMNS 592, HTHC 592, JOUR 592, MCS 592, PRAD 592).
STEP 3: Please submit your signed, completed independent study form and proposal to:
College of CommunicationGraduate Independent Studies14 E. Jackson Blvd., Suite 1814
Please submit your independent study form and proposal by the following dates:
The research practicum is an opportunity for high-achieving students with substantial training in a communication subspecialty to connect with a faculty expert. Students will train in a specialized communication research method and/or achieve hands-on practice in conducting scholarly research.
The research practicum may take various forms. For example, the student may become part of an ongoing research project led by the faculty member, and the research practicum would provide an opportunity for the student to apply previously studied research methods to the research project. Typical activities include data gathering, data analysis, interpretation of results, and writing research reports.
If the student wants to learn about a particular research method practiced by the faculty expert but not available in a regular graduate course offering, then the research practicum could be a course of study focusing on specialized research method(s) with agreed upon readings and assignments.
STEP 1: Student must submit a research practicum request form and a research practicum proposal. The research practicum proposal will contain the following provisions:
STEP 2: The form must be signed and approved by your faculty advisor and graduate program director before being submitted. If approved by the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, you will then be registered for the graduate research practicum course.
STEP 3: Please submit your signed, completed research practicum form and proposal by email to the Assistant Director for Graduate Student Services or in hard copy to:
College of CommunicationGraduate Research Practicum14 E. Jackson Blvd., Suite 1814
Please submit your research practicum form and proposal by the following dates:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Community Articles
Find and share helpful community-sourced technical articles
Objectives
The release of Cloudbreak 2.7 enables you to deploy Hortonworks Data Flow (HDF) clusters. Currently there are two HDF cluster types supported: Flow Management (NiFi) and Messaging Management (Kafka). Cloudbreak expects HDF clusters to be deployed with security (LDAP, SSL). However, for testing purposes, many people would like to deploy a cluster without having to go through the steps of setting up SSL, LDAP, etc. Therefore, we'll need to modify the default HDF Flow Management blueprint to loosen the security configuration. This is not recommended for production use cases.
This tutorial is designed to walk you through the process of of deploying an HDF 3.1 Flow Management Cluster on AWS using Cloudbreak 2.7 using a custom blueprint.
Prerequisites
 - You should already have an installed version of Cloudbreak 2.7.
 - You can find the documentation on Cloudbreak here: Cloudbreak Documentation
 - You can find an article that walks you through installing a local version of Cloudbreak with Vagrant and Virtualbox here: HCC Article
 - You should have an AWS account with appropriate permissions.
 - You should already have created your AWS credential in Cloudbreak.
Scope
This tutorial was tested in the following environment:
 - Cloudbreak 2.7.0
 - AWS (also works on Azure and Google)
Steps
1. Create New HDF Blueprint
Login to your Cloudbreak instance. In the left menu, click on Blueprints. Cloudbreak will display a list of built-in and custom blueprints. Click on the Flow Management: Apache NiFi, Apache NiFi Registry blueprint. you should see something similar to the following:
93436-cb-nifi-blueprint.png
Now click on the RAW VIEW tab. You should see something similar to the following:
93437-cb-nifi-blueprint-raw.png
Now we need to copy the raw JSON from this blueprint. We need to make some modifications. Copy and paste the blueprint into your favorite text editor.
Change the blueprint_name line to "blueprint_name": "hdf-nifi-no-kerberos",. This is the name of the blueprint and it must be unique from other blueprints registered in Cloudbreak.
In the nifi-properties section we need to add a new line. We are going to add "nifi.security.user.login.identity.provider": "". This change tells NiFi not to use an Identity Provider. Change this:
 {
 "nifi-properties": {
 "nifi.sensitive.props.key": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.security.identity.mapping.pattern.kerb": "^(.*?)@(.*?)$",
 "nifi.security.identity.mapping.value.kerb": "$1",
 }
 },
to this:
 {
 "nifi-properties": {
 "nifi.sensitive.props.key": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.security.identity.mapping.pattern.kerb": "^(.*?)@(.*?)$",
 "nifi.security.identity.mapping.value.kerb": "$1",
 "nifi.security.user.login.identity.provider": ""
 }
 },
In the nifi-ambari-ssl-config section we need to change the nifi.node.ssl.isenabled settings from true to false. This change disables SSL between the NiFi nodes. Change this:
 "nifi-ambari-ssl-config": {
 "nifi.toolkit.tls.token": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.node.ssl.isenabled": "true",
 "nifi.toolkit.dn.prefix": "CN=",
 "nifi.toolkit.dn.suffix": ", OU=NIFI"
 }
to this:
 "nifi-ambari-ssl-config": {
 "nifi.toolkit.tls.token": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.node.ssl.isenabled": "false",
 "nifi.toolkit.dn.prefix": "CN=",
 "nifi.toolkit.dn.suffix": ", OU=NIFI"
 }
In the nifi-registry-ambari-ssl-config section we need to change the nifi.registry.ssl.isenabled settings from true to false. This change disables SSL for the NiFi Registry. Change this:
 "nifi-registry-ambari-ssl-config": {
 "nifi.registry.ssl.isenabled": "true",
 "nifi.registry.toolkit.dn.prefix": "CN=",
 "nifi.registry.toolkit.dn.suffix": ", OU=NIFI"
 }
to this:
 "nifi-registry-ambari-ssl-config": {
 "nifi.registry.ssl.isenabled": "false",
 "nifi.registry.toolkit.dn.prefix": "CN=",
 "nifi.registry.toolkit.dn.suffix": ", OU=NIFI"
 }
Under host_groups and Services we need to remove the NIFI_CA entry. This change removes the NiFi Certificate Authority. Change this:
 "host_groups": [
 {
 "name": "Services",
 "components": [
 {
 "name": "NIFI_CA"
 }, {
 "name": "NIFI_REGISTRY_MASTER"
 },
to this:
 "host_groups": [
 {
 "name": "Services",
 "components": [
 {
 "name": "NIFI_REGISTRY_MASTER"
 },
The complete blueprint looks like this:
{
 "Blueprints": {
 "blueprint_name": "hdf-nifi-no-kerberos",
 "stack_name": "HDF",
 "stack_version": "3.1"
 },
 "configurations": [
 {
 "nifi-ambari-config": {
 "nifi.security.encrypt.configuration.password": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.max_mem": "1g"
 }
 },
 {
 "nifi-properties": {
 "nifi.sensitive.props.key": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.security.identity.mapping.pattern.kerb": "^(.*?)@(.*?)$",
 "nifi.security.identity.mapping.value.kerb": "$1",
 "nifi.security.user.login.identity.provider": ""
 }
 },
 {
 "nifi-ambari-ssl-config": {
 "nifi.toolkit.tls.token": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.node.ssl.isenabled": "false",
 "nifi.toolkit.dn.prefix": "CN=",
 "nifi.toolkit.dn.suffix": ", OU=NIFI"
 }
 },
 {
 "nifi-registry-ambari-config": {
 "nifi.registry.security.encrypt.configuration.password": "changemeplease"
 }
 },
 {
 "nifi-registry-properties": {
 "nifi.registry.sensitive.props.key": "changemeplease",
 "nifi.registry.security.identity.mapping.pattern.kerb": "^(.*?)@(.*?)$",
 "nifi.registry.security.identity.mapping.value.kerb": "$1"
 }
 },
 {
 "nifi-registry-ambari-ssl-config": {
 "nifi.registry.ssl.isenabled": "false",
 "nifi.registry.toolkit.dn.prefix": "CN=",
 "nifi.registry.toolkit.dn.suffix": ", OU=NIFI"
 }
 }
 ],
 "host_groups": [
 {
 "name": "Services",
 "components": [
 {
 "name": "NIFI_REGISTRY_MASTER"
 },
 {
 "name": "METRICS_COLLECTOR"
 },
 {
 "name": "METRICS_MONITOR"
 },
 {
 "name": "METRICS_GRAFANA"
 },
 {
 "name": "ZOOKEEPER_CLIENT"
 }
 ],
 "cardinality": "1"
 },
 {
 "name": "NiFi",
 "components": [
 {
 "name": "NIFI_MASTER"
 },
 {
 "name": "METRICS_MONITOR"
 },
 {
 "name": "ZOO


text:
Press the 'Settings' button on your phone to access the on-screen menu then select the Preferences menu and navigate to the desired sub-menu option. To change the ring tone navigate to the Tones menu. To change the display contrast navigate to the Display menu. To change the volume navigate to the Audio menu. Follow the on-screen instructions for making changes.
Articles in this section
- How do I create a new user extension?
- How to assign a user to a phone
- How do I create a group?
- Creating an Auto Attendant
- How to Create a Schedule
- How to setup how inbound calls are handled
- How do I access my voicemail box?
- How do I access my voicemail messages left for my Group?
- How do I setup different functions on my deskphone?
- How to add contacts to my Yealink's local directory


text:
News & Announcements
For the Next Two Weeks, Water Will Run in the Santa Fe River
The Santa Fe River is currently flowing through the City Different. The recent rainfall and the upgrade of the Nichols Dam have enabled the City of Santa Fe to send approximately 1.25 million gallons per day into the river. Some of the flow is to support a living Santa Fe River and some is to drain the Nichols Reservoir for the intake structure construction project.
River water is flowing because Nichols Dam has been taken out of service and water levels must be drawn down for the removal of the existing intake tower. The intake tower is the structure that funnels water to the treatment plant. The water in Nichols Reservoir is typically treated at the Canyon Road Water Treatment Plant and delivered to consumers, while a portion may be by-passed to the Santa Fe River as part of the living river program.
September rainfall has made a significant impact on reservoir storage. The McClure Reservoir is at 81 percent capacity with an inflow rate of approximately 12 million gallons per day. As recently as a September 12, 2013, the McClure Reservoir was at approximately 30 percent of capacity with an inflow rate of less than 0.25 million gallons per day.
"The timing of recent rainfall and the infrastructure improvements at Nichols Reservoir has worked out very well for the objectives of the city's Santa Fe River Target Flow Program," said Brian Drypolcher, River and Watershed Coordinator for the City of Santa Fe. "We're moving water down the river before plants go dormant for the winter. The flowing water looks great, sounds great and it comes at a time that's good for the ecosystems along the river."
The river flows are administered under the terms of the City's "Target Flow" ordinance in support of the Living River Initiative (Ordinance #2012-1 0). The ordinance provides that up to 1000 acre feet of water can be by-passed from diversion and use and allowed to flow through the city and beyond. In years when the forecast for the runoff from mountain snows falls below 75 percent of the annual average, river flows are scaled downward. For the current target year, the runoff from mountain snows was forecast to be at about 32 percent of average. Consistent with the Target Flow guidelines, river flows were scaled downward to match the forecast and the river water commitment was capped at 320 acre feet for the year. Current flows will enable the City of Santa Fe to meet this year's flow objectives.


text:
Advanced Search Links
They Had a Dream: The Civil Rights Struggle
Puffin Books / 1996 / Paperback
$6.29 (CBD Price)
Save: $1.70 (21%)
Availability: In Stock
CBD Stock No: WW49545
Four biographies are presented by award-winning historian Jules Archer as the encapsulation of the Civil Rights struggle. Frederick Douglass agitated for slaves' freedom; Marcus Garvey helped develop black nationalism and pride as black people struggled to overcome prejudice; Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcom X were both prominent during the 1960s Civil Rights struggle, though they advocated for rights in very different ways. All very unique men who advocated for various rights through time, these men provided the leadership and pride throughout the Civil Rights Movement. 258 pages, indexed, softcover.
Traces the progression of the civil rights movement and its effect on history through biographical sketches of four prominent and influential African Americans: Frederick Douglass, Marcus Garvey, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X.
Jules Archer lives in Scotts Valley, California.
Find Related Products

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Bird Control Ayrshire, Glasgow & Surrounding Areas.
bird control ayrshire glasgow lanarkshire renfrewshire
The Pest Experts Ayrshire are Scotland's Trusted Bird Control Specialists.
Birds can be considered pests when they occupy an area frequented by people where they become a nuisance and even a health hazard.
It's hard to miss the signs of bird infestations; they often make a mess of vehicles and buildings with their droppings, damage roof tiles, clog gutters and attract other unwanted pests such as beetles and fleas.
Occasionally, they even attack people who they view as a threat to their young during the breeding season. But overall, they are very much a hygiene risk to your environment, by causing food poisoning and spreading germs such as E. Coli and Salmonella.
So when you first notice the signs of a bird infestation it would be wise to tackle this urgently.
You can protect your building and environment from birds by covering any holes or openings around the building and making sure there are no flat spaces where birds could build a nest. Also, avoid leaving rubbish bins laying outside un-emptied for too long.
For immediate assistance with your bird problem, call the bird control experts on 07949 280 633 or send us an email.
For more info about the other pests we deal with, follow these links:
The Pest Experts Ayrshire
104 Burnbank Rd
Tel: 07949 280 633


This documentation is archived and is not being maintained.
How to: Represent Columns as Class Members (LINQ to SQL)
Use the LINQ to SQL ColumnAttribute attribute to associate a field or property with a database column.
To map a field or property to a database column
The following code maps the CustomerID field in the Customer class to the CustomerID column in the Customers database table.
<Table(Name:="Customers")> _
Public Class Customer
 <Column(Name:="CustomerID")> _
 Public CustomerID As String
 ' ...
End Class
You do not have to specify the Name property if the name can be inferred. If you do not specify a name, the name is presumed to be the same name as that of the property or field.
Show:


text:
The milk samples are subjected to two different pasteurization regimes. One sample is heated to 85°C and then held for 15 minutes, after which it is cooled to 45°C. The other sample is heated to 63°C where it is held for 30 minutes, after which it is cooled to 45°C.
The aim of this experiment is to find out the curdling rates of these two samples of milk when rennet and/or yoghurt culture is added.
Sample A was subjected to low temperature long time (LTLT) pasteurization while sample B was subjected to high temperature short time (HTST) pasteurization.
Each of the batches were sampled into separate beakers, their pH measured and recorded.
3 mls of yoghurt culture was added into each beaker followed by 3 mls of activated rennet.
The pH was then determined after every five minute intervals for the next 10 minutes.
Meanwhile, the remaining samples ware inoculated with yoghurt culture and activated rennet and left to curdle.
|Sample||Initial pH||pH on addition of rennet||pH after 5 minutes||pH after 10 minutes|
Upon cutting the curd, sample A formed a thick curd while sample B remained practically curd-less.
From the results obtained in this experiment, it is safe to conclude that milk to be used for cheese-making should be subjected to low temperature long time (LTLT) pasteurization.
This will encourage faster curd formation because low heat does not denature the whey proteins, which are instrumental in the bond formation of the curd.


text:
African Mask Plant
3.0 out of 5 (1 experiences)
What other plant parents say
Ali Asia Polly, my Diva, is finicky af. Currently in rescue mode...AGAIN 🙄...but such beautiful leaves when she's pleased. Must have right conditions. Mine will be going into a climate controlled IKE…
How to care for African Mask Plant
African Mask Plant needs 0.5 cups of water every 9 when it doesn't get direct sunlight and is potted in a 5" pot.
Use our water calculator to personalize watering recommendations to your environment or download Greg for more advanced recommendations for all of your plants.
African Mask Plant may have difficulty thriving, and will drop leaves 🍃, without ample sunlight.
Place it less than 3 feet from a south-facing window to maximize the potential for growth.
Select your city to see how the current weather in your area affects the placement of African Mask Plant in your home 🏡.
Most potting soils come with ample nutrients which plants use to produce new growth.
By the time your plant has depleted the nutrients in its soil it's likely grown enough to need a larger pot anyway.
To replenish this plant's nutrients, repot your African Mask Plant after it doubles in size or once a year—whichever comes first.


text:
Change my Gen 4 server name
Here's how to change the server name for your Generation 4 VPS or Dedicated Server.
- Log into your GoDaddy account. (Need help logging in?)
- In your My Products page, click Servers.
- Next to the Generation 4 server you want to rename, click Manage.
- In the account Dashboard, at the top of the page select Settings.
- In the Server section, next to Server name, click Change.
- Enter a name for the server. The server name must be 1 to 50 characters long, and must include only letters, numbers, spaces, periods, or hyphens.
- Click Save. The new server name appears in the Settings list.


Share
Share on Twitter
Share on Facebook
Share on LinkedIn
Rails ActiveRecord PostgreSQL Foreign Keys and Data Integrity

Ruby on Rails data integrity represented by wood Photo by Simon Stankowski on Unsplash
Most Ruby developers work with Rails and Active Record for PostgreSQL database interactions. It provides a ton of magic and is simple to start with. Data integrity problems start creeping up once the code base and database structure gets older. In this tutorial, I will describe a couple of techniques for ensuring data integrity and validation in Ruby on Rails web apps. We'll cover adding foreign keys, database level validations and more.
Your Rails app data integrity can get out of sync for various reasons. Active Record approach to database modeling encourages a developer to keep most of the logic in the app layer Ruby code. Let's list some example actions that could corrupt your data state:
 - update object attribute using update_column method
 - delete a parent object of an association with delete
 - persist an object with save(validate: false)
 - change model validations without updating the current data
 - concurrent data updates bypassing uniqueness validations
Rails is not making it easy. Data in an invalid state might bite you very hard eg. when running a migration that would raise an exception in case of a validation error.
How to "Brute-force" detect validation errors
I want to share a dirty hack I've recently come up with. It might seem obvious and resorting to it look like a signal of a very poor codebase quality but bear with me.
It's a Sidekiq worker class:
class ModelDataIntegrityCheckerJob
 include Sidekiq::Worker
 sidekiq_options retry: false
 def perform(klass_name)
 klass = klass_name.constantize
 invalid_objects = []
 klass.find_each do |object|
 unless object.valid?
 invalid_objects << [object.id, object.errors.full_messages]
 end
 end
 if invalid_objects.present?
 raise "Invalid state for #{klass} objects: #{invalid_objects}"
 end
 invalid_objects
 end
end
You can use it like that:
 ModelDataIntegrityCheckerJob.perform_async(User.name)
 ModelDataIntegrityCheckerJob.perform_async(Course.name)
It will raise a runtime error with IDs of invalid objects from a given class. In turn you can fix them or corresponding validations manually. If your dataset is big, you might want to run those jobs at night or scope the range of objects validated.
It would seem like the brute force approach is not a perfect solution to validating data integrity. But can you with 100% certainty tell that every single one of your ActiveRecord objects is currently valid?
I sometimes run those brute force checks before doing more complex database migrations to ensure that some sneaky invalid objects won't blow up during the process. I like to think of them as a periodical data validation health checks.
Let's list a couple of more elegant techniques you can use to keep your app's data in a more integrated and valid state.
NOT NULL constraints
"Non-binary logic" is a frequent guest in Ruby on Rails apps. I've seen many nasty bugs caused by a simple fact that:
false != nil
Sometimes the business logic itself was dependent on the fact nil in a database meant something else than false… (╯°□°）╯︵ ┻━┻
Adding a boolean field without a NOT NULL constraint is a ticking bomb. Make sure to update all the boolean fields in your database using the following migration:
 change_column_default :users, :boolean_attribute, false
 change_column_null :users, :boolean_attribute, false
Database foreign key constraints
Database level constraints are not a first-class citizen in Rails apps. You can create a database relation without adding a corresponding foreign key, and Active Record will work correctly. Building a database schema without enforcing it using built-in PostgreSQL mechanisms can lead to various issues down the road. It is usually a good idea to add a foreign key constraint when creating has_many/belongs_to relation.
I always prefer to explicitly add foreign key, column, and indexes, instead of using add_reference helper method. There's enough magic in Active Record already.
Adding posts relation to User model can be done using the following migration:
add_column :posts, user_id: :integer, null: false
add_index :posts, :user_id
add_foreign_key :posts, :users, column: :user_id
With this database structure, it will be impossible to leave orphaned post records in the database. Trying to remove a user, who still has some posts will result in an ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey error.
To "delete cascade" or "dependent destroy" ?
We can ensure removing the children records when the parent is destroyed using Active Record callback (with dependent: :destroy has_many method option) or directly in the database. Adding on_delete: :cascade to add_foreign_key method will remove children using database level triggers. It will be much better in terms of performance but would not execute ActiveRecord callbacks for removed posts.
Despite all the hate those callbacks get they are still useful in certain cases. One example could be a well-known Carrierwave gem. It uses callbacks to remove associated files when an object is destroyed. Removing objects using on_delete: :cascade approach would result in orphaned files stuck forever without any reference on S3 or wherever you keep them.
My approach would be to use foreign keys for ensuring integrity, but stick with dependent: :destroy for removing objects. Skipping callbacks could lead to surprising behavior if you are riding on Active Record for PostgreSQL interactions.
Summary
This post just scratches the surface of the complex topic of data integrity and validation in Ruby on Rails web apps. Active Record is a powerful tool that makes creating complex database schemas just too easy, without forcing developers to think about how it works under the hood. Moving at least some of the rules to database level is a good starting point to keeping your Rails apps healthy in the long run.
Pawel Urbanek Full Stack Ruby on Rails developer avatar
I'm not giving away a free ebook, but you're still welcome to subscribe to the mailing list.
Back to index


Over a million developers have joined DZone.
Call A Function On All Items In An Array And Collect Responses
·
# The invisible proxy allows seamless calling of a method on all objects of an array.
# When an array is wrapped (passed into) one of these objects, you can call a function
# on all objects in the array with one line.
# This is not how this works exactly, but a good resource:
# _URL_
class InvisibleProxyToArray
 instance_methods.each do |m|
 undef_method(m) unless m =~ /(^__|^nil\\?|^send)/
 end

 def initialize(collection)
 @collection = collection
 end
 def respond_to?(symbol)
 @collection.first.respond_to?(symbol)
 end

 # calls a method on every member of the proxied array
 # and totals the return values
 def total(total_symbol)
 total=0
 @collection.each{|obj|total= total + obj.send(total_symbol)}
 total
 end

 # gives a string indicating object responses to being sent a symbol (which calls a property or method)
 # summarize(:status) will produce: running (2), stopping (13)
 def summarize(summarize_symbol)
 msgs=[]
 hsh=hash_by_result(summarize_symbol, @collection)
 hsh.each {|status, resources_arr| msgs << "#{status} (#{resources_arr.length})"}
 msgs.join(',')
 end

 # returns a hash like {"running"=>[a , b], "dead"=>[a]} for :status or other messages
 # where a and b would be resources whose response for :status was "running"
 def hash_by_result(property_symbol,object_array)
 hsh={}
 object_array.each do |obj|
 hsh[obj.send(property_symbol)] ||= []
 hsh[obj.send(property_symbol)] << obj
 end
 hsh
 end

 private
 def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
 @collection.each {|item| item.send(method, *args, &block)}
 end

end
Topics:
{{ parent.title || parent.header.title}}
{{ parent.tldr }}
{{ parent.urlSource.name }}


text:
What: A graded color effect is nice for boundaries that you want to appear to blend into the map. For the Crater Lake map, we wanted the outside of the Park boundary to be distinct and the inside of the boundary to blend into the background. If you had to symbolize an indeterminate boundary, you could make further modifications so both sides blended and the line would look like it was indistinct on both edges and more distinct in the middle. Why: It is sometimes appropriate to show that that features have indistinct boundaries or there is an interior to a feature. Either of these goals can be achieved using a graded color boundary. The sharper edge of the boundary helps distinguish it as the exterior edge. If neither edge is distinct and the middle of the symbol is sharper, then the reader can better understand that the whole boundary is indistinct. How: To achieve the graded color boundary effect, you can use buffers symbolized with a color ramp. On our map, we matched the interior of the boundary with the our data so that it blended in; the exterior edge more sharply contrasted with the area outside the park extent.
To create the boundary:
You can also use the Multiple Ring Buffer tool in ArcToolbox. The difference is that you will need to input the distance value for each of the 20 rings. If you need to make a set of uniform width buffers, the older Buffer Wizard tool is faster.
To symbolize the boundary:
You can pick colors that match your map using the Eye Dropper tool. To add the Eye Dropper tool to any of your toolbars: Click Tools and Customize. Then click on the Commands tab and scroll down to Page Layout. The Eye Dropper tool will be on the right side of the window. Click and drag the tool to any of your toolbars. Use it to click on a color and find out its RGB values.
If you would like to post a comment, please login.


Glossary definition
What is exempt?
An employment classification that refers to an individual who is usually salaried and exempt from overtime requirements.
See also: Non-exempt.
Your comprehensive A-Z guide to understanding payroll
Download today


Shrinkage - Intergraph Smart 3D - Help
Intergraph Smart 3D Structural Manufacturing
PPMProduct
Intergraph Smart 3D
PPMCategory_custom
Help
Version_SThreeD_Custom
11 (2016)
Stretches a manufacturing part to account for steel shrinkage during welding. Adding shrinkage changes the position of marks and openings on the part because they are stretched along with the part. The part shrinks back to its needed size and shape in the welding process.
For plate parts, you can define shrinkage in one or two directions as scaling shrinkage (defined by the expansion ratio and the expansion direction). For profiles, you can only apply scaling shrinkage to the length.
By default, the software prompts you to identify the edges so that it can determine the shrinkage directions. If you select the shrinkage type by global axis, the software sets the primary and secondary axis based on the plate type:
 - For deck plates, the primary factor is the X axis and the secondary factory is Y axis.
 - For transverse plates, the primary factor is the Y axis and the secondary factory is the Z axis.
 - For longitudinal plates, the primary factor is the X axis and the secondary factory is the Z axis.
A small coordinate system, based on the shrinkage directions with the appropriate values, also displays in the Part Monitor.
For built-up profiles, you can define the shrinkage for the web and flange separately.
Shrinkage Ribbon
What do you want to do?


text:
This Week's Podcast: A Replay: Discoveries Under Glass with Alan Petravich
Click on the small black arrow on the bar to listen, or the MP3 to download the show:
Our guest this week is Alan Petravich. He is a research specialist at the world famous Longwood Gardens in Kennett Square, PA, where he has been for 13 years. In addition to growing plants to test from all over the world, his work deals with tissue culture – growing plants from tiny bits of meristem – cells of new growth — in nutrient gel in test tubes in sterile laboratory conditions.
He has worked with culturing Chrysanthemum and Sarracenia and done breeding of Verbascum, Kalanchoe, Clivia and Canna.
There is a virus infecting many of the canna plants in our gardens and those for sale. Alan, who has a Masters of Science in Ornamental Horticulture from Penn State, tells us that one way to defeat the virus is to grow new plants from the uninfected meristem tissue.
Alan also talks about programs at Longwood that include finding new plants to force into bloom for some of the remarkable winter displays under glass. The busiest time for visiting Longwood is between Christmas and March, and the exuberant conservatory displays are the big attraction. One plant that Alan has grown is Echium wilpretii from seeds collected in the Canary Islands (above).
Alan's personal passion is the genus Clivia, and he mentions a couple of selections developed at Longwood (Clivia 'Fireworks', left). Not only does he breed new varieties of the winter-blooming plants, Alan has also become the president of the North American Clivia Society.
So, why don't my Clivia plants bloom? Alan tells me how to do it!


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am thinking about smooth vector fields on some (open set of an) euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$.
I know that the integral curves of a general vector field $X$ are not defined for every time $t\in \mathbb{R}$. A simple example is given by $X=x^2 \partial _x$ on $\mathbb{R}$, whose integral curve emanating at $t=0$ from some $x_0 >0$ is given by $\gamma(t) = \frac{x_0}{1-tx_0}$. This curve is defined only on $]-\infty, \frac{1}{x_0}[$; moreover as $t$ ranges in that set we have $\gamma (t)\in ]0,+\infty[$.
I would like to see an example of a vector field $X \in \mathfrak{X}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ such that the integral curve emanating at $t=0$ from some point $p$ is defined only for bounded times $t\in]-T,T[$ $ \ $ (with $T<+\infty$) and also remains bounded "in space", i.e. there exist a compact $K\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ such that $\gamma (t) \in K, \ \ \forall t \in ]-T,T[$. Can anyone provide some example or hint to build one?
Edit from comments: it has been pointed out that, by the Escape Lemma, such a vector field cannot exist, because if the maximal domain is not the whole $\mathbb{R}$, then the curves are forced to "escape" any compact set.
So let me slightly modify my question: in the above notations, let $T=+\infty$, so that the maximal domain is $\mathbb{R}$ and the integral curves can a priori be bounded. The first example I can think of is the following:
consider $X=x\partial _y -y\partial _x \in \mathfrak{X}(\mathbb{R}^2)$ and $p=(1,0)$. Then the integral curve starting at $p$ is just $S^1$ and $X$ can be pictured as its tangent counter-clockwise unit vector field.
This would answer my question, but this is not what I was really looking for, because this curve is not simple (it's periodic indeed), so it's defined for every time and bounded, but let me say in a quite trivial way.
So what I'm actually looking for is this: a vector field $X$ that at some point has a simple integral curve (i.e. injective as a map $\gamma : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}^n$) which is bounded in a compact set $K$ (and so globally defined, by the Escape Lemma). Is this possible? (maybe there is another result I don't know which proves this cannot be the case).
share|improve this question
Maybe I'm forgetting (it's been years since I took manifolds), but isn't this exactly what the Escape Lemma says cannot happen? Concretely, that if the maximal domain of an integral curve is not all of $\mathbb{R}$, then it must escape to infinity (i.e. it cannot lie in any compact set). – Matt Jan 23 '13 at 17:30
_USER_ : you are right! I didn't know this lemma, thank you. I've edited my question accordingly. – Lor Jan 23 '13 at 19:13
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
How about a vector field in the plane with a stable limit cycle?
$$ \frac{dr}{dt} = r(1-r) \\ \frac{d \theta}{dt} = r $$ If I'm not mistaken, this is a continuous vector field with an unstable singularity at the origin such that any initial condition in the punctured disk $\{1 > r > 0\}$ tends toward the periodic orbit $\{r = 1\}$.
share|improve this answer
This is what I was looking for, so I tried to carry out the computations. It turns out (if I'm still able to solve ODEs) that the integral curve starting from $(r_0,\theta _0)$ is given by $r(t)=\frac{r_0 e^t }{1-r_0 +r_0 e^t }$ and $\theta (t)= \theta _0 + ln (1-r_0 +r_0 e^t)$. So this is a complete vector field with integral curves bounded in the unit ball and tending towards the special orbits in $0$ and $S^1$ as $t \to -\infty$ or $+\infty$. Thank you very much! – Lor Jan 31 '13 at 11:58
add comment
How about this flow in $\mathbb{R}^3$: $$\begin{align} \dot{x} &= -\beta y + 2zx\\ \dot{y} &= \beta x + 2zy\\ \dot{z} &= 4 - x^2 - y^2 + z^2 \end{align} $$ If one embed $\mathbb{R}^3$ into $S^3 \subset \mathbb{R}^4 \sim \mathbb{C}^2$ through the mapping: $$\begin{align} (x,y,z) &\to (X,Y,Z,W) = (\frac{x}{1+r^2/4},\frac{y}{1+r^4/4},\frac{z}{1+r^2/4},\frac{1-r^2/4}{1+r^2/4})\\ &\to (U,V) = (X+iY, Z+iW) \end{align} $$ the above flow can be rewritten as: $$\begin{align} \dot{U} &= i\beta U\\ \dot{V} &= -4 i V \end{align} $$ This flow is a rotation in $U$ direction with speed $\beta$ and $V$ direction with speed $-4$. If $\beta$ is irrational and $|U|, |V| \ne 0$, the flow line will not repeat and fill the surface of a torus.
This flow in $\mathbb{R}^3$ is possible because of the famous Hopf fibration of $S^3$ by $S^2$. If you want to have a feeling how the torus are nested, the wiki page of Hopf fibration is a possible start.
share|improve this answer
This example is really nice, thank you! Let me see if I get the geometry of this. The integral curves starting from $(U_0,V_0)$ are given by $(U(t),V(t))=(U_0 e^{i\beta t},V_0 e^{-i4t})$, so they live on a torus in $S^3$. If I take $|U|=|V|=1$, isn't this the canonical Heegaard surface of genus 1 for $S^3$? – Lor Jan 31 '13 at 12:53
Do you mean $|U| = |V| = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$? It is clearly a torus and acted as a Heegaard surface of genius 1. I don't know whether it is the canonical one you referred to. I've only heard of their names but never studied them. – achille hui Jan 31 '13 at 13:26
sure, I was thinking about unit vectors, but I haven't written it properly. Anyway this is what I mean with "canonical Heegaard surface of genus 1 for $S^3$", so I'm really happy with this example, thanks again! – Lor Jan 31 '13 at 14:07
add comment
Your Answer


text:
To clarify the fractal natures of electromagnetic radiations prior to earthquakes, we conducted a friction experiment simulating the essential elements of the motion of an asperity on a fault plane, and observed the generation of photon emissions around frictional contacts due to the dielectric breakdown of ambient gases by frictional electrification. According to the fractal distribution of fault asperities, we show that the frictional discharge (plasma generation) at asperities on the fault plane can be one of origins of the fractal seismo-electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes.
- Benioff strain release
- Fractal, asperity
- Frictional discharge plasma
- Gutenberg-Richter law
- Seismo-electromagnetic radiation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering


text:
Honda Crv Roof Rack Installation was posted at November 9, 2017 at 2:15 pm. It is posted on the Roof category. Honda Crv Roof Rack Installation is labelled with Honda Crv Roof Rack Installation, Honda, Crv, Roof, Rack, Installation..
Hondahon•da (hon′də),USA pronunciation n.
- an eye at one end of a lariat through which the other end is passed to form a lasso, noose, etc.
Roofroof (ro̅o̅f, rŏŏf ),USA pronunciation n., pl. roofs, v.
- the external upper covering of a house or other building.
- a frame for supporting this: an open-timbered roof.
- the highest part or summit: The Himalayas are the roof of the world.
- something that in form or position resembles the roof of a house, as the top of a car, the upper part of the mouth, etc.
- a house.
- the rock immediately above a horizontal mineral deposit.
- go through the roof:
- to increase beyond all expectations: Foreign travel may very well go through the roof next year.
- Also, hit the roof, [Informal.]to lose one's temper;
become extremely angry.
- raise the roof, [Informal.]
- to create a loud noise: The applause raised the roof.
- to complain or protest noisily: He'll raise the roof when he sees that bill.
- to provide or cover with a roof.
Rackrack1 (rak),USA pronunciation n.
- a framework of bars, wires, or pegs on which articles are arranged or deposited: a clothes rack; a luggage rack.
- a fixture containing several tiered shelves, often affixed to a wall: a book rack; a spice rack.
- a spreading framework set on a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or the like, in large loads.
- a wooden frame of triangular shape within which the balls are arranged before play.
- the balls so arranged: He took aim at the rack.
- a bar, with teeth on one of its sides, adapted to engage with the teeth of a pinion(rack and pinion) or the like, as for converting circular into rectilinear motion or vice versa.
- a bar having a series of notches engaging with a pawl or the like.
- a former instrument of torture consisting of a framework on which a victim was tied, often spread-eagled, by the wrists and ankles, to be slowly stretched by spreading the parts of the framework.
- a cause or state of intense suffering of body or mind.
- violent strain.
- a pair of antlers.
- [Slang.]a bed, cot, or bunk: I spent all afternoon in the rack.
- to torture;
torment: His body was racked with pain.
- to strain in mental effort: to rack one's brains.
- to strain by physical force or violence.
- to strain beyond what is normal or usual.
- to stretch the body of (a person) in torture by means of a rack.
- to seize (two ropes) together side by side.
- rack out, [Slang.]to go to bed;
go to sleep: I racked out all afternoon.
- rack up:
- [Pool.]to put (the balls) in a rack.
- [Informal.]to tally, accumulate, or amass as an achievement or score: The corporation racked up the greatest profits in its history.
Installationin•stal•la•tion (in′stə lā′shən),USA pronunciation n.
- something installed, as machinery or apparatus placed in position or connected for use.
- the act of installing.
- the fact of being installed.
- any more or less permanent post, camp, station, base, or the like, for the support or carrying on of military activities.
This image of Honda Crv Roof Rack Installation have 10 pictures it's including Genuine Honda CR-V Accessories - Exterior Accessories - Factory Honda Accessories, Installation Of The Thule AeroBlade Podium Roof Rack On A 2014 Honda CR-V - Etrailer.com - YouTube, For Honda Cr V Crv 2007 2008 2009 2010 2016 Silver Roof Rack Side Rails, Etrailer, Thule Podium Roof Rack Installation - 2012 Honda CR-V Video | Etrailer.com, Installation Of A Yakima Q Tower Roof Rack On A 2012 Honda CR-V - Etrailer.com, Thule AeroBlade Podium Roof Rack Installation - 2013 Honda CR-V Video | Etrailer.com, Thule AeroBlade Podium Roof Rack Installation - 2014 Honda CR-V Video | Etrailer.com, Rhino Rack Rsp Roof Installation 2010 Honda Cr V Etrailer, Click Image For Larger Version Name: Capture.jpg Views: 3864 Size: 75.1. Below are the attachments:
Honda Crv Roof Rack Installation serves as a natural area that can give a stunning atmosphere and great, although not an important section of a dwelling existence of the park can be great when considered in the side of health, but other than that the playground also has a be a medium attractive particularly to boost the looks the house itself, and in conditions of the keeping the park might be situated in the rear of the house, close to the house or before the house, however it appears very difficult for that instant to build a playground on the occupancy of our restricted area became among the major causes why people are reluctant to construct a yard at home them, when in fact several tactics or answers that individuals cando to obtain around it, for it was at this juncture we've organized some strategies for gardening with little area about the top yard of your home.
In restructuring the playgroundis property is narrow program, we must contemplate unique which range from the decision of crops, spacing from each other to ensure that even though the park is small but nonetheless wonderful and superior in view, more Honda Crv Roof Rack Installation could we notice such methods below.
Choice of Flowers. To ensure that more bushes we are able to place to ensure that more colorful and more fascinating for certain picking flowers for that backyard having a small or slender land that could be one crucial to accomplishment in creating a yard with minimal terrain, select flowers using a small-size.


text:
Besides the sport played on the grass at Wimbledon, tennis is not typically considered a "green" sport.
Most matches are played on hard asphalt courts, leading to the short lifespan of tennis balls that are thrown away. Additionally, players drive to local courts, and often bring single-use water bottles for refreshment.
Most of these bottles and tennis-ball cans are deposited in courtside trash bins, ultimately taking their place next to 27 billion other non-recycled water bottles that ended up in landfills in 2010.
However, one local, non-profit, community tennis association is taking a creative approach to encourage tennis players to be more environmentally friendly.
In 2009, Virginia's Arlington County Tennis Association (ACTA) created the Eco-Challenge to promote environmental awareness as an adjunct competition to its already-popular singles ladder.
The association's website asks players to record environmental-impact behaviors after each match. The results are not only publicly displayed with the actual match score, but players who receive the most "eco" points receive prizes at the end of the season.
What's A Singles Ladder?
A tennis ladder is an informal way for tennis enthusiasts to meet and play matches with other similarly skilled players at mutually convenient times and locations.
Players are ranked on a ladder based either on the previous year's results, or simply in the order in which they register. Once ranked, players are allowed to "challenge" other players within a certain range of their own ranking. The players then agree upon a match time and location, and play the match.
If the winning player is the lower-ranked one, the winning player will then take the spot of the losing player and the latter will slide down in the rankings. If the winning player is already the higher-ranked player, then nothing changes. The winning player reports the score online, and rankings are updated automatically. All registered players have access to view the current rankings and results of the matches.
The Eco-Challenge Ladder
Urban Arlington County has approximately 26 square miles, and 200,000 residents. The county has a variety of public-transportation options and over 80 miles of bike trails. Arlington is also a leader in environmental issues, including the Fresh AIRE program, which began in 2007 with the goal of emissions reduction in the county.
In 2009, a conversation between Alex Robertson, President of ACTA, and a few other tennis players led to the creation of the Eco-Challenge ladder.
"We love tennis, and we are also concerned about the environment," Robertson states.
"So, we started brainstorming ways we could use tennis to raise environmental awareness, and came up with the idea to use our very popular singles ladder to promote responsible environmental behaviors."
Robertson, a technology enthusiast by trade, was able to modify the online reporting function of the singles ladder to include the Eco-Challenge results and standings. Now, when players report their scores, they also report on two other items:
- Did you resist using one-use plastic water bottles?
- Did you forgo driving a car to the courts?
When scoring, players simply click the buttons to signify a "Ghostbusters-like" slash across the bottle or car to signify they complied with the rules. Once a player tallies an eco-friendly match, he or she is automatically entered in the challenge.
Although scoring is optional, over half of the 120 ladder players participate in the challenge.
According to Robertson, the challenge has two goals: "First, we just want to raise awareness that there are choices you make that affect the environment–things as simple as using a re-usable water container, or biking instead of always driving the car. Second, we also want to change habits by encouraging people to make green choices."
To get people excited about the new Eco-Challenge ladder, ACTA encouraged a local business to donate re-usable water bottles at an ACTA social, and provide awards for the eco-challenge winners.
Although tennis may not seem an obvious choice to promote environmental consciousness, to Robertson it was a perfect fit.
"Tennis has always been a good metaphor for life. Winning is important, but integrity and being courteous are even more important. Tennis etiquette is typically one of the first aspects of the game taught to young players, and encompasses everything from attire to waiting for approval before entering an active court.
"Being easy on the environment also fits into this etiquette, or the 'how-you-play-the-game' category. It's time we think of eco-awareness as etiquette towards future generations of tennis players."
A Match Made In Heaven
The creative approach used by ACTA demonstrates there are plenty of creative ways for sports organizations to promote environmental awareness. Any sports league, for example, can create a separate competition based on players' environmental practices. The concepts of re-usable water bottles and alternative transportation are applicable to every sport.
What about taking it a step further: what if a flag-football league started each game awarding one point for each player who didn't drive? What about teams that adopt a park, and by picking up trash, earn points?
Even if you did not want to manage the competition, the simple act of reporting your actions on a website raises awareness.
The simple act of encouraging alternative transportation and providing easy access to that information–bike routes or public transportation routes on a website, for example–is also an easy way for sports organizations to promote environmental awareness.
Athletes are a natural group to promote environmental awareness too–they are often the primary users of parks and other outdoor spaces.
Use a little creativity, like the ACTA Eco-Challenge tennis ladder!
Eric Legg, CPRP, is a Sports Programmer with Arlington County, Va., where he oversees a variety of sports, including tennis. The Arlington USTA Junior Team Tennis program recently received the Virginia Recreation and Park Society Award for Best New Program, and the agency was named Parks & Recreation Agency of the Year by the USTA Mid-Atlantic Section. Legg also serves on the USTA National Committee on Tennis in the Public Parks. He can be reached via e-mail at _EMAIL_.


text:
John L. Bresina, Lina Khatib, Conor McGann
This paper presents an empirical study of some non-exhaustive approaches to optimizing preferences within the context of constraint-based, mixed-initiative planning for mission operations. This work is motivated by the experience of deploying and operating the MAPGEN (Mixed-initiative Activity Plan GENerator) system for the Mars Exploration Rover Mission. Responsiveness to the user is one of the important requirements for MAPGEN; hence, the additional computation time needed to optimize preferences must be kept within reasonable bounds. This was the primary motivation for studying non-exhaustive optimization approaches. The specific goals of the empirical study are to assess the impact on solution quality of two greedy heuristics used in MAPGEN and to assess the improvement gained by applying a linear programming optimization technique to the final solution.
Subjects: 1.12 Scheduling; 1.11 Planning


text:
Sort your items using the Automatic Chest Sorter.
The Atlas chest sorting system works using storage minecarts and is able to move entire inventories instantly.
The storage cart can be put into one of three modes by having the cart pass over a powered activator rail with a wool block under it.
The color of the wool will change the mode of the minecart.
- Red Wool = Chest to Cart mode - Take items out of chests and put them into the minecart. (Note: currently to reduce abuse, the chest MUST be named "Input")
- Blue Wool = Cart to Chest mode - Take items out of the cart and put them into the chests.
- White Wool = Disabled mode - Returns the cart back to vanilla bahavior.
There are other settings that you can use:
- Green Wool = Leave one of each item type behind.
- Orange Wool = Don't leave any items behind.
- Yellow Wool = Leave one of each stack behind. (not implemented yet)
- Magenta Wool = Only transfer if the target already contains the same type of item.
- Brown Wool = Transfer regardless of what is in the target.
- Pink Wool = Top up existing stacks in the target. (not implemented yet)
Once you have configured the cart using the wool blocks, when the cart passes over a powered activator rail it will scan for nearby chests (2 blocks up, 2 blocks down, 1 block east, west, north, & south) and will put or take items as you have configured it.
Right click the minecart to view the current config.
It is possible (and recommened) to have a single cart in your base that performs all sorting activity,
== NEW FEATURES - NOT YET ON SERVER ==
Activator rail on Black Wool - Will search for a sign attached to the back wool block, and perform one of the following actions:
- "SetName" will rename the cart to the name specified on the second line of text on the sign.
Detector rail on Black Wool - Will search for a sign attacked to the wool block, and perform one of the following actions:
- "NameEquals" - Will activate if the carts name matches the one on the second line of the sign
- "NameContains" - Will activate if the carts name contains the text on the second line of the sign
- "NameStartsWith" - Will activate if the carts name starts with the text on the second line of the sign
- "NameEndsWith" - Will activate if the carts name ends with the text on the second line of the sign
- "CartType" - Will activate for the cart types on the second line of the sign: "Rideable", "Storage", "Explosive", "Hopper", "Spawner", "Powered"
- "HasPassenger" - Will activate if the cart has a passenger
Adding the word "not" to the thrid line on the sign will cause the output to be the opposite of what it would be normally.
Avoid having multiple signs near the wool block as it may get confused.
Activator rail on a hopper will cause minecarts to be 'killed' and deposited into the hopper.


text:
Enhancing Energy Efficiency with Insulation Materials in Taipei, Taiwan Residential Redevelopment
MetadataShow full item record
This thesis aims to identify insulation materials and building construction factors that can lower carbon dioxide (CO2) usage for residential redevelopment in Taipei and New Taipei, Taiwan. The growth in energy usage over the last 50 years has been explosive; most of Taiwan's electricity (89.9%) is generated from non-renewable sources. The subtropical climate of Taiwan is mostly hot and humid, and cooling accounts for the largest portion of residential power consumption, particularly in the aging housing stock that is largely uninsulated. I focused on identifying the best insulation materials in terms of low embodied energy and their potential to lower operational energy use. In this paper, I developed a simulation model to test different parameters such as insulation material, material thickness, building orientation, and window wall ratio, and evaluate their effects on insulation energy efficiency. The goals of this thesis are to 1) find insulation materials that have low embodied and operational energy in Taiwan in order to install them in old housing stock and 2) mitigate the amount of CO2 produced by building cooling and heating needs. Improving the thermal envelope in new and re-developed housing in Taiwan has the potential to decrease residential energy consumption, lower CO2 emissions from electricity usage in residential buildings 9.72%-35%, reduce heating and cooling costs and improve the quality of life for the people of Taiwan.
- Architecture


text:
A Feature is used to package a group of plug-ins together into a single installable and updatable unit.
Features have a manifest that provides basic information about the feature and its content. Content may include plug-ins, fragments and any other files that are important for the feature. A feature can also include other features. The delivery format for a feature is a JAR, but each included plug-in will be provided as a separate JAR.
Once you have created your plug-ins and fragments you can create a new feature by creating a New Feature Project.
You can also create Feature Patches in PDE. A feature patch is developed in the same fashion as a normal feature, but is used to edit an existing feature rather than create a new one.
New Feature Project
New Feature Patch Project


text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Parabolic figure skating blades
Parabolic figure skating blades were first introduced by HD Sports in order to employ new scientific developments in the creation of figure skating blades, which are mounted on the bottoms of skates.
The middle section of parabolic blades is thinner than that of normal blades, while both ends are typically wider than those of regular blades. This translates into less steel and a lighter blade overall.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


text:
Gas Exchange in Fish
Last updated 18 March 2013, created 16 September 2012, viewed 1,816
Good for Revision purposes and main class introduction.
Includes starter activity, an activity including pupils acting gas exchange in fish demonstrating both parallel flow and the benefits of counter current flow, and exam question activity involving the whole class participation. It makes exam question answering that little bit more fun :)


Why is ammonia hydrophilic?
Because it is a polar molecule.
A hydrophilic molecule is a term used to describe a molecule that can bond with water, meaning that it is attracted to water molecules.
A water molecule is formed when an oxygen atom to two hydrogen atoms.
The difference in between oxygen, which is very electronegative, and the hydrogen atoms will cause these bonds to be.
The of the water molecule ensures that these polar bonds form a net dipole moment, which has a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms.
Ammonia is also a polar molecule, which implies that it too has a net dipole moment. Once again, the hydrogen atoms bonded to the central nitrogen atom will have partial positive charges and the nitrogen will have a partial negative charge.
So, when ammonia is placed in water, the partial positive hydrogens will be attracted to water's partial negative oxygen, and the partial positive hydrogens of the water molecule will be attracted to ammonia's partial negative nitrogen.
This particular interaction allows water and ammonia to form. More specifically, the lone pair of electrons present on the nitrogen will be attracted to one of water's partial positive hydrogen atoms.
So, as a conclusion, ammonia is hydrophilic, or water loving, because it is a.
Leave a Reply


Angular2 is providing [attr.] to bind attribute values. Here it is
Markup :
Observe below code, role attribute was bound to roleVal
 This text color can be changed by class
Angular Component Code
Observe below functions addAttr, removeAttr, checkAttr
(function(app) {
 app.AppComponent = ng.core
 selector:'my-app',
 templateUrl: 'attr1_template.html'
 constructor: function() {
 this.roleVal = '';
 addAttr:function() {
 this.roleVal = 'admin';
 removeAttr:function() {
 this.roleVal = '';
 checkAttr:function() {
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
})( || ( = {}));
 2. I just tried to set and remove attributes with Assignment Writing Services and Angular2, and the result was exactly as you said. Thank you very much for writing this amazing post here.
 3. A systematic review aims to provide an in-depth prospectus of the applicable literature resources ( ) on your research topic. Find relevant studies, papers, and publications in the field, broaden the knowledge on your subject, get useful insights.
Follow this blog by Email
Popular Posts


text:
For the third year, middle school science teachers from across Ohio came to Otterbein's campus in June to learn new teaching strategies. Approximately 30 teachers from 11 school districts participated in OP2: Operation Physics, a tuition-free, five semester-hour graduate course that combines basic physical science concepts with hands-on materials and activities. It is modeled after a successful program developed by the National Science Foundation. OP2: Operation Physics was made possible this year by a grant of $106,480 from the Ohio Board of Regents.
"Our goal is to produce teachers who are excited and confident about teaching physical science in the middle grades, and who are competent to do so," said Wendy Sherman Heckler, OP2: Operation Physics instructor.
"I anticipate more hands-on activity in my classroom, more asking why, predicting what's going to happen, what's the science behind it," said LeeAnn Hoerle, a fifth-grade teacher for South-Western City School District.
Below is a photo of the event. For more information about OP2: Operation Physics, visit _URL_


text:
Something out of nothing beyond the world of high technology, the SFA Engineering Corp. is going to make.
This constant innovation SFA Engineering Corp. for the top of the core competencies of the exercise.
An unattended transportation forklift which transports pallet, paper manufacturing roll, reel, and other special products to a specified location quickly and safely.
1. LASER NAVIGATION
Using the angle of the laser beam shot from laser scanner and reflected from the reflector, the current location and travelling direction of the unattended transportation vehicle is accurately calculated. Especially, outdoor-use LGV (Laser Guided Vehicle) allows the transportation of products to another building.
2. DUAL NAVIGATION
Dual navigation is a navigation type used where laser reflector installation is limited which utilizes both laser navigation and spot navigation. The transportation vehicle automatically switches navigation method to maximize the position precision.
3. SAFETY DEVICE The vehicle slows on the first detection by obstacle
recognition sensor, and automatically stops on the second obstacle detection applied by contact bumper switch.
4. REMOTE CONTROL PROCESSOR
time transportation vehicles within the factory, station information confirmation, traffic control of unattended transportation vehicles, work/error history, manual transportation order generation These are important technological contents used in this equipment.


Eric Bergman-Terrell's Blog
.NET Programming Tip: How to Determine the Encoding of a Unicode File
October 4, 2010
The StreamReader class allows you to read in Unicode text from a file without having to worry about the precise encoding:
...
StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(FileName, true);
String Contents = SR.ReadToEnd();
SR.Close();
...
For example, the above code works for Unicode files having the following Encodings: Encoding.BigEndianUnicode, Encoding.Unicode, and Encoding.UTF8. It also works if the file is encoded in Encoding.ASCII format.
The file's encoding is automatically detected because the StreamReader constructor's second argument (detectEncodingFromByteOrderMarks) is true.
There's no problem reading in Unicode text using the StreamReader. The problem is writing updated text back to the file with the original Encoding intact. For example, if your program reads text in Encoding.BigEndianUnicode format, it should write it back in the same format.
Unfortunately the StreamReader object doesn't keep the original Encoding around for later use. Don't try to use the CurrentEncoding member, it's always Encoding.UTF8, regardless of the text file's actual Encoding. At least it always was when I experimented with it.
So how can you use a StreamWriter to write back text read from a StreamReader, with the original encoding intact? Use the following code to determine the file's original encoding, and specify that encoding in the StreamWriter's constructor.
Unicode files start with a two byte prefix called a BOM (Byte Order Mark) that identifies the exact Encoding of the file. GetFileEncoding() iterates through various Unicode Encoding values and compares the file's BOM with the current Encoding's BOM (returned by the GetPrefix() member). When a match is found, the corresponding Encoding value is returned. If no matches are found, the Encoding.Default value is returned.
public static Encoding GetFileEncoding(String FileName)
// Return the Encoding of a text file. Return Encoding.Default if no Unicode
// BOM (byte order mark) is found.
{
 Encoding Result = null;
 FileInfo FI = new FileInfo(FileName);
 FileStream FS = null;
 try
 {
 FS = FI.OpenRead();
 Encoding[] UnicodeEncodings = { Encoding.BigEndianUnicode, Encoding.Unicode, Encoding.UTF8 };
 for (int i = 0; Result == null && i < UnicodeEncodings.Length; i++)
 {
 FS.Position = 0;
 byte[] Preamble = UnicodeEncodings[i].GetPreamble();
 bool PreamblesAreEqual = true;
 for (int j = 0; PreamblesAreEqual && j < Preamble.Length; j++)
 {
 PreamblesAreEqual = Preamble[j] == FS.ReadByte();
 }
 if (PreamblesAreEqual)
 {
 Result = UnicodeEncodings[i];
 }
 }
 }
 catch (System.IO.IOException)
 {
 }
 finally
 {
 if (FS != null)
 {
 FS.Close();
 }
 }
 if (Result == null)
 {
 Result = Encoding.Default;
 }
 return Result;
}
Keywords: Unicode, Encoding, StreamReader, StreamWriter, BOM, Byte Order Mark, BigEndianUnicode, Encoding.Default, Encoding.ASCII, Encoding.Default, Encoding.Unicode, GetPreamble
Reader Comments
Comment on this Blog Post
Recent Posts
TitleDate
How to decompile Java code with JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA (2018.2.3, Windows 10)October 5, 2018
Java Programming Tip: SWT Photo Frame ProgramOctober 31, 2016
Vault 3 (Desktop) Version 1.63 ReleasedSeptember 9, 2016
"Compliance with Court Orders Act of 2016"April 9, 2016
Disable "Visual Voicemail" on Android / T-MobileJanuary 17, 2016
IPv6 HumorDecember 10, 2015
Java Programming Tip: Specify the JVM time zoneDecember 7, 2015


How many helicopters crashed in Vietnam?
According to the Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Association, a total of 11,846 helicopters were shot down or crashed during the war, resulting in nearly 5,000 American pilots and crew killed. Of those servicepeople, 2,382 were killed while serving aboard UH-1 Iroquois, better known as the ubiquitous "Huey."
How many Huey helicopters were lost in Vietnam?
During the war 7,013 UH-1s served in Vietnam and of these 3,305 were destroyed. In total 1,074 Huey pilots were killed, along with 1,103 other crew members.
What was the life expectancy of a 2nd Lieutenant in Vietnam?
For the average life expectancy to be 16 minutes, it would mean for every 2nd Lieutenant that survived a year (525,000 minutes,) 30,000 or so would have to die in 1 minute. Did hundreds of millions of 2nd Lieutenants die in Vietnam?
How many tanks were lost in Vietnam?
On average 11,000 small arms, 68 tanks, and 30 aircraft were lost each day. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order. During the Vietnam War, thousands of U.S. aircraft were lost to antiaircraft artillery (AAA), surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), and fighter interceptors ()s.
FASCINATINGLY: Question: When was letter K used in the Philippines?
Keep Calm and Travel


text:
Modular Sustainability / Kick-off for the Prototype - Cree GmbH Builds First LifeCycle Tower
Aug 09, 2011, 11:13 ET
BREGENZ, Austria, August 9, 2011 /PRNewswire/ --
In September 2011, construction on LCT ONE, the first unencapsulated eight-storey timber hybrid building, will start in Dornbirn, Austria. What started in 2009 with a research project is now becoming reality: Cree GmbH's LifeCycle Tower (LCT) - the innovative concept for high-rise timber hybrid buildings - enters the construction phase.
The groundbreaking ceremony for the world's first LifeCycle Tower - LCT ONE - will take place in the middle of September in Dornbirn, Austria. Cree GmbH, the Rhomberg Group subsidiary specifically established to create the LifeCycle Tower, is set to demonstrate the feasibility of the system for sustainable urban design projects and present the advantages of this building concept (resource and energy efficiency, 90% improvement in CO2 emissions, 50% reduction in construction time, industrial production of components, etc.).
The essential difference of this timber hybrid building compared to other projects is that the loadbearing elements are not lined. The unencapsulated, i.e. unlined, timber structure provides a direct experience of wood as a construction material in the interior, it preserves resources and is also an important part of the fire safety concept. Another difference is that although the LifeCycle Tower consists largely of timber, it is only used in places where this makes sense. This means the amount of timber used makes the most efficient use of resources while achieving maximum functionality.
The LifeCycle Tower has no loadbearing partition walls and therefore allows great flexibility in usage. The structural elements can be arranged and re-arranged to suit changing needs. Therefore, the LCT can be used for a wide variety of purposes, ranging from a hotel to apartments and offices, or a combination of different functions under one roof.
According to Mag. Michael Zangerl, Head of Organisation, Marketing & Finances at Cree GmbH, this prototype development which is supported by FFG (The Austrian Research Grant Agency) and bmvit (The Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology) offers enormous opportunities, particularly for urban developments, since the population of cities will substantially increase in years to come and today's construction industry does not offer a solution for this problem with its conventionally produced construction systems.
Download pictures from:
The Natural Change in Urban Architecture
Mariahilfstraße 29, 6900 Bregenz, Austria
SOURCE Cree GmbH
Share this article


text:
Lake Region Electric has an extensive right-of-way tree trimming and removal program. Tree trimming helps prevent and minimize power outages resulting from vegetation getting into electric lines. It also helps reduce potential safety hazards.
- Primary Wire
- Minimum clearance is 10 feet.
- LREA will trim as necessary to provide clearance.
- Secondary Line
- Minimum clearance is 5 feet.
- Unless branches/tree are posing an immediate hazard, call a contractor to have the branches trimmed.


text:
Use this nonfiction comprehension worksheet to help second and third graders learn all about Misty Copeland, the first African American woman to become a principal dancer at the American Ballet Theatre.
Then what happened? In this activity, students will choose stop and jot sticky notes from different parts of the story to practice their sequencing and summarizing skills as they respond to questions about the literature.
Introduce students to the inspiring environmental activist Wangari Maathai. Children will read a short biography about the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize and answer nonfiction comprehension questions about the text.
Essays, books, and scripts all have one thing in common—purposeful organization. Literary analysis worksheets show students how to craft the perfect essay, no matter the assignment. With reading activities, writing prompts, graphic organizers, reading logs, and more, students gain skills necessary to succeed in writing. Literary analysis worksheets take the struggle out of essay writing, so your child can focus.


text:
ISRM International Symposium - EUROCK 2020, Trondheim, Virtual, Norway, 14 - 19 June 2020
© International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Norwegian Group for Rock MechanicsSometimes performance (productivity) of the Raise Boring Machines (RBMs) could be low due to incorrect machine selection and improper application of operational parameters such as pushing / pulling force and rotational speed, of which should be arranged according to properties of the excavated rock mass. By considering these critical subjects especially in the feasibility and planning stages of mine and tunnel projects, performance of RBMs should be investigated sufficiently to avoid the loss of money and time. In addition, stability of the raise-bored shafts is another critical subject that directly affects the long-term use of the shafts. The excavated ground should have a sufficient quality to allow a freestanding and unsupported excavation. Some lessons learnt about the performance evaluation and stability assessment of the raise-bored shaft in the Efemcukuru Gold Mine in Turkey are briefly highlighted in this case study. The final diameter of the shaft is 2.44 m and the length of shaft is 73.4 m. First of all, the study gave an insight on the stability problems in soft and crushed ground. The drilling / excavation of this ground in this shaft (13% of total length of shaft) was performed in a short time with a favorable performance. Stability assessment indicated that a collapse could occur due to low raise bore quality index (QR<1) in the soft and crushed section of the ground. Another important finding was that water inflow in this ground could create stability problems during rainy seasons. As a short-term solution, grouting could be considered in this ground. However, the casing support system could be taken in consideration for a long-term solution to prevent any collapse and water inflow in upper levels of the shaft.


text:
Sudan is a destination-, transit- country and also country of origin for migrants and refugees. Most of them live in the states of Kassala and Gedaref. A lot of these migrants and refugees as well as the local population have difficulties in finding a job which inhibits them from improving their living conditions.
The project aimed at enabling migrants and refugees and the host population to improve their living conditions. Thus, the project has been active in three areas:
1. Promotion of vocational qualifications in crafts, services, and small businesses.
2. Support of companies in creating and securing apprenticeships and jobs for graduates holding a vocational qualification
3. Establishment of job centres
Madiba Consult was responsible for the yearly adaption of the operation plan, ensured the effective implementation and adaption of the monitoring system, developed qualitative data collection formats and tools, and conducted interviews. Moreover, madiba coached the team and ensured the steering of the complex project.


text:
Now, I hear this question a lot. Can dead fish be really used as fertilizer? Here is my answer:
One important nutrient that is needed by plants is nitrogen. And nitrogen is abundant in fish. If nitrogen can be properly extracted from the fish, then it would make for excellent fertilizer. The best way to extract nitrogen from fish is through a fish emulsion. Others may call it fish amino acid (FAA).
Before I share with you how to make the emulsion, here are some ideas on why you might want to make one.
Nitrogen is a Fertilizer for Plants
I have written about how important nitrogen is in my previous blogs. Every gardener, from beginner to expert, should know this. From the time a seed germinates, you have to feed it with nitrogen. This becomes very important when you have plants in pots. In a container or a pot, the area where the plant can eat nitrogen is very limited.
Plants need 3 important nutrients. These are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Phosphorus is needed for root development while potassium is needed in the flowering or fruiting stage of the plant.
One important nutrient that a plant must have is nitrogen. Nitrogen is needed in the plant's vegetative stage. This is the stage where plants vigorously grow leaves and shoots.
Nitrogen is needed by plants to produce chlorophyll, which makes the leaves green.
Chlorophyll, which is a green pigment, is present in all green plants and is responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Without photosynthesis, they can't make their own food so they eventually die.
Can I Bury Dead Fish in the Garden?
For a fish to become a nitrogen-rich fertilizer, it has to be broken down first. Others often ask, "Can I bury my fish in the garden?" Well, my take on this question is no, you shouldn't bury a dead fish in your garden. Don't even think about burying it under a patio pot.
The general idea is when fish is buried, it will decompose and become compost which the plants can eat. It will indeed decompose, but for how long? In the time it takes for the fish to decompose, the stench will be detected already by all sorts of insects, pests, and even rodents.
You do not want them to dig into your garden and eat your fish. If this happens on a potted plant, the pests may eat into the plant's roots. Plus, the stench of decaying fish meat is not that nice.
Since your ultimate goal is for the plant to absorb nitrogen from the fish, the question you should be asking is "How can I extract the nitrogen from dead fish?"
Fish Guts is Rich in Nitrogen
If you have lots of plants in your garden, balcony, patio, or wherever you put your plants, then it might be time to consider all those fish guts you throw away when you buy fish. If you're not cooking the fish head, you can use it also as a fertilizer. It is better to use the soft flesh in the guts because it will break down faster.
You can a variety of fish such as tuna, salmon, herring, it really doesn't matter. Remember, you don't have to use the whole fish. Fish trimmings will do, guts, gills, and all.
If you're really serious about it, and if you have the guts to do it, you can ask for fish scraps and trimmings from your supermarket! They will be happy to give you the guts, at least, that's what I think. I tried to ask for it once at a local wet market and they were just happy to let it go. For free.
Converting Fish Guts to Liquid Fertilizer
Our end product is a liquid fertilizer that we can use to water or drench our plants. And this liquid fertilizer could last for up to a year! To achieve this, we have to use beneficial microorganisms to break down and extract the nitrogen from the fish.
This could be done through a process called fermentation.
Don't worry, this process is just easy. You don't have to be in a chemical laboratory to make. The liquid produced in the fermentation process is called fish emulsion. You only need 2 main ingredients to make the emulsion, fish guts and molasses. If you don't have molasses, brown sugar is a good substitute.
Molasses is an Energy Source for Beneficial Microorganisms
I have mentioned beneficial microorganisms and they are responsible for breaking down organic matter. They are found almost everywhere, especially in the soil. So basically, we give these microbes a source of energy for them to break down organic, nutrient-rich materials.
Feeding them with molasses will speed up the nitrogen extraction process by enabling them to reproduce at a faster rate. If done correctly, the liquid fertilizer will be ready in a month.
If you really want results fast, there are microorganism activated solutions available commercially. With these solutions, you can have an effective fertilizer in 2 weeks.
Brown Sugar is a Substitute for Molasses
In case you can't find molasses in your kitchen or your local supermarket, you may use brown sugar instead. To put it simply, brown sugar is just white sugar mixed with molasses. Don't use white sugar.
White sugar is already processed or refined, wherein molasses has been removed already. When brown sugar melts, you have molasses.
Fish Emulsion Procedure
Let me share with you how I make my fish emulsion. Others may have a slightly different method, but this is what I am doing and it just works. This may also be called fish amino acid in some regions. I also made a blog about fermented plant and fruit fertilizer using molasses. You can check it out here.
Gather all the fish guts in a clean container. You may include the fish heads. Rinsing it with running water will do. The last thing we want is for maggots to appear because the fish guts were not cleaned. To be on the safe side, it is best to use fresh fish parts.
This ensures that flies and other insects have no time to lay their eggs on the fish flesh.
Slice the fish parts into small pieces using a sharp knife. Alternatively, you can use a food processor or blender to achieve a finer texture. The smaller the fish parts, the faster the fermentation process. If you don't have the equipment, small thin slices will do.
Transfer the sliced, chopped, or blended fish guts to a separate container. I would advise using a bigger container with a wide mouth since this is where we mix our concoction. Be sure also that it can be sealed with a lid.
Add in the molasses. The proper ratio is 1:1. For example, for every 1 kilogram of fish, add 1 kilogram of molasses. Again, if you don't have molasses, you may use brown sugar. Mix thoroughly.
Seal the container tightly. We want to have an anaerobic fermentation process. Meaning, the entire process will not involve air. We also need to seal it so that flies and insects cannot lay their eggs in our concoction
Store in a cool, shaded area, away from direct sunlight. Make sure to open the container and mix your concoction every other day. The microbes in the concoction release gases during the fermentation process. Pressure will build up if you do not let the gasses out.
You don't want the container to explode. Mixing the concoction is also important so that organic matter is broken down uniformly.
That's it. For best results, you need to give the fermentation process a month to produce a potent nitrogen-rich fertilizer. Although, in 2 weeks you will already see that it has liquefied already.
Why are There Molds in my Emulsion?
The presence of molds is perfectly normal. You just have to make sure that the color of the mold is white or yellow and that it doesn't have a foul odor. If it has a dark color, brown, black, or green, then bad bacteria has taken over. Contaminants may have been introduced during the procedure.
In this case, the fermentation process failed. Discard the entire concoction and start again. If the molds are white or yellow, just mix them slowly until the molds disappear.
"What if there are maggots?" It's ok. Just mix the concoction and seal the container tightly. The maggots will die eventually and they will be broken down by the microbes.
Harvesting the Fish Emulsion
After a month, you are now ready to harvest your liquid fertilizer. You will know if the process was successful just by its smell. Make sure it doesn't have a foul smell to it.
To harvest your fish emulsion fertilizer, simply filter out the remaining solid particles. You may use a cloth or a strainer and transfer all the liquid to a clean container. The remaining solid particles can be added to your compost.
If you don't have one, simply sprinkle them on the soil around the plant. This process is called topdressing. Because molasses is a natural preservative, you can use this fertilizer for up to a year. Just make sure to keep it in a clean container to avoid contaminants.
Also


text:
Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
DRAG Cost is the amount of money by which expected project profit is reduced due to the delay of performing a critical path activity, or other critical path delay factor such as a schedule lag or scheduling constraint. DRAG Cost is the sum of two factors:
- A reduction in a project's expected monetary value due to acceleration premium or delay cost caused by the DRAG of a critical path activity or delay.
- An increase in a project's cost due to the project's indirect costs being extended due to a DRAG amount.
DRAG Cost computation is a useful technique for justifying additional project resources. For example, if an activity's DRAG Cost is $50,000 (based on ten days at $5,000 each), but duration compression could reduce the DRAG to five days through the addition of a resource costing a total of $10,000, the additional resource expense would be more than justified.
Just as DRAG is only found on critical path activities and delays, the same is true of DRAG Cost. DRAG Cost is a key component in computing an activity's "true cost of work".


text: The Archives of Michigan collects and preserves election records dating back to the beginning Michigan's statehood--1835. These records include precinct level voting results for each statewide election. These records are valuable to people who are studying trends in voting behavior and population changes. However, one very important piece of documentation is missing from the Archives' holdings--precinct level maps that identify the boundaries of each precinct at the time of an election. Without these maps, it is difficult (if not impossible) to compare the precinct level results from different election years to each other. Instead analysis must be done at the county level.


text:
(DEUTSCHE WELLE) A new report by activists and economists about Myanmar's taxation system highlights its lack of transparency and accountability. In Myanmar, taxes may include arbitrary cash payments and even forced labor.
The report released this week says while Myanmar has legislation governing taxation, the actual tax system often includes forced labor, forced purchasing of goods or even confiscation of land and other property.
The report, based on a survey of over 340 people over a two year period, says taxes on households are generally collected by local village councils and the armed forces. State organisations such as the Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA) also levy taxes including funds ahead of November's general elections.
People are also forced to pay arbitrary fees at checkpoints and to give donations for festivals, school buildings, school registration and equipment.
Alison Vicary, an economist from Australia's Macquarie University, said the officials collecting the taxes, often members of the local military and other armed forces, are often also involved in human rights abuses. "We need to say that the system of taxation is oppressive and has no legitimacy", she told Deutsche Welle. "The agencies collecting taxes are actively involved in the control and suppression of the population."
In Myanmar, also known as Burma, the military has been in power since 1962. Over the time it has maintained a high degree of control over the economy, despite steps towards economic reforms in the 1980s and 1990s.
Population cannot save money
The report says taxation is "so corrupt that it is directly contributing to the deteriorating living conditions of the people and especially children."
Cheery Zahau, a coordinator with the Human Rights Education Institute of Burma, said the system's lack of accountability has a wide-ranging impact on society. Ms Zahau said rates of tax are generally unplanned. "The people of Burma already have a low income. So this adds to the problems of basic survival. They cannot save money; they cannot in many cases send their children to school and they don't have enough money for hospitals, for health care any more."
According to the report, the tax system denies most people of Myanmar the right to an adequate standard of living, health care, food and education.
Army's mismanagement of the economy
Macquarie University's Dr Vicary said the tax system highlights the military's mismanagement of Myanmar's economy over the past 50 years. "One of the biggest damages that this government has done is that it has impoverished people for several generations and for several generations into the future because of the damage that has been done. Burma's now so poor that it is going to take a long time to right the economic problems that the regime has caused."
Dr Vicary said the arbitrary level of taxation contributes to a further deterioration of the economy, in turn placing more pressure on provincial military units and other armed groups to extort resources from the local population.
Author: Ron Corben (Bangkok)
Editor: Thomas Baerthlein


text:
Sullys Hill National Game Preserve is open from 8:00 AM to 9:00 PM throughout the summer. The Visitor Center will be open in August on Tuesdays-Saturdays from 10:00 AM - 4:00 PM and Sundays from Noon- 4:00 PM.
Visitors are advised to contact _PHONE_ for a prerecorded message with construction and hours of operation updates or for more information.
Sullys Hill is located on the south shore of Devils Lake in Benson County. The preserve consists of 1,674 acres ranging from prairie to forested hills and is home to a wide assortment of wildlife including migratory birds, bison, elk, and prairie dogs.
President Theodore Roosevelt designated Sullys Hill originally as a National Park in 1904. In 1917 and 1918, elk, bison and white-tailed deer were reintroduced to Sullys Hill. These large herbivores had been eliminated from the area during settlement due to over-hunting. On March 3, 1931, Congress transferred Sullys Hill to the National Wildlife Refuge System where it would be maintained as a "big game preserve, refuge and breeding grounds for wild animals and birds.".
Wildlife of Sullys Hill
Bison: 60 million bison once roamed the North American continent until the late 1800s. Commercial hunting reduced their numbers to as little as 60 animals. The bison is a symbol of historical significance in westward expansion and Native American culture. In an effort to preserve this legendary species, Sullys Hill established its herd in 1918 from six bison brought in from a Portland, Oregon zoo. The herd today includes 19 bison.
Rocky Mountain Elk: Elk were eliminated from much of their former range due to habitat loss and over-hunting in the early 1900s. In 1917, fifteen elk were transported from Yellowstone National Park to Sullys Hill. The elk is the second largest member of the deer family. The elk herd contains 17-25 animals to ensure sufficient forage. Listen for bull elk bugling to attract a harem of female cows in the autumn.
Prairie Dogs: A colony of black-tailed prairie dogs was introduced to Sullys Hill in 1975 to help educate the public about these unique rodents. Prairie dogs live within "towns" consisting of elaborate systems of underground tunnels and dens. Members of the town keep a watch out for predators, such as hawks, and let out a warning bark to other members when danger is present.
Other Wildlife: The preserve's wildlife community contains many other species including white-tailed deer, coyote, fisher, red fox, raccoon, skunk, weasel, mink, beaver, rabbit, waterfowl, and wild turkey. More than 250 species of birds have been observed at Sullys Hill.
Auto Tour: Visitors may watch for wildlife along the four mile auto tour route through prairie, forest, and wetlands from approximately May to October depending on weather conditions. The route is maintained to the Visitor Center and trailhead throughout the year. The auto tour route includes several stops featuring spectacular views of the area. The Devils Lake Vista Overlook is handicapped accessible.
Admission is $2.00 per vehicle. Annual passes are available for $12.00. All fee monies help Sullys Hill improve visitor services and conduct educational programs. Visitors with America the Beautiful (Annual, Senior, Access, and Volunteer) Passes and Federal Duck Stamps are able to enter without charge.
Trails: Visitors may start a two mile hiking trail along Sweetwater Lake or a 2,000 foot long, paved, wheelchair-accessible trail with an overlook of Fort Totten Bay from the trailhead near the Visitor Center. Both trails feature interpretive signs to help you learn about the plants and animals you are likely to discover.
Photography: Every season provides a unique opportunity for visitors to photograph a wide assortment of wildlife in their natural habitat.
Bird-watching: Bird-watching is a popular activity at Sullys Hill in all seasons. Many species not normally found in the open prairie areas of the state may be found in the forested areas of the preserve. Birders may obtain checklists at the Visitor Center.
Education and Interpretive Opportunities
Sullys Hill Visitor Center: The Visitor Center is an excellent location to start your experience containing a staffed book store, an exhibit hall, and a hallway featuring professional photographs of North Dakota waterfowl. The new North Dakota Habitat Display features dozens of mounted animals in prairie, wetland, forest, and agriculture habitats. Each habitat includes a short video to introduce visitors to the plants and animals that reside there. A full size elk mount is the center piece of the display.
A wall of windows overlooks the Birding Garden. Visitors may take a rest in one of our comfortable easy chairs while watching dozens of species of birds that visit the feeders and native plants outside. Antler and horn displays from bison, elk and white-tailed deer and a 180-gallon aquarium containing bluegill, perch, and walleye round off the experience. The Visitor Center is open seasonally.
Special Events: Sullys Hill offers a variety of public workshops, guided nature hikes, bird-watching walks, summer youth programs and conservation programs throughout the year. Visit the Friends of Sullys Hill website at _URL_ for an updated calendar of events.
Regional Conservation Learning Center: The Sullys Hill Visitor Center offers two state-of-the-art classrooms available by reservation for use by schools and other groups. Sullys Hill staff work with school groups of all grade levels to meet curriculum requirements. A wide assortment of educational materials and resources are available for use by education groups while on site. Sullys Hill provides numerous opportunities for hands-on learning that is fun all ages.
Special Use Programs: School groups, youth groups, and other education-related groups may request an outdoor education program at no charge. Community groups and businesses may reserve a meeting room at Sullys Hill for a $50.00 per day fee. This fee includes an outdoor education program.
Please call Sullys Hill at _PHONE_ for more information including an updated message featuring hours and availability. Thank you for your interest in Sullys Hill National Game Preserve!