Can Birds Eat Peanut Butter?
A Good Snack for Birds - Or Is It?
Peanut Butter on Bread
theimpulsivebuy/Flickr/CC by-SA 2.0
Peanuts are a familiar and popular food for backyard birds, but can birds eat peanut butter? Checking the ingredient list on a peanut butter jar reveals hydrogenated vegetable oil, salt, molasses, sugar, and a range of other additives. Birders may worry about how healthy peanut butter can be for birds, but it can actually be a great treat to add to a backyard buffet.
About Peanut Butter
Despite minor additives in most peanut butter (the exact composition varies by brand) the main ingredient is always peanuts. Peanuts are an ideal source of fat, calories, and protein for birds, providing good energy for all their active needs. Peanut butter also has other nutritious components, including:
 - Iron
 - Potassium
 - Calcium
 - Magnesium
While these vitamins and minerals may only be present in small amounts, they are still essential for a bird's healthy diet and peanut butter can provide them.
Birds That Eat Peanut Butter
Most birds that eat nuts or suet will also happily eat peanut butter. It is favored by smaller birds since peanut butter is easier to collect in small bills and doesn't need to be cracked, shelled, or broken to be eaten. The most popular birds that will snack on peanut butter include:
 - Chickadees, tits, and titmice
 - Wrens, nuthatches, and creepers
 - Woodpeckers, especially smaller species
Larger nut-loving birds, including thrashers, grackles, starlings, blackbirds, jays, and other corvids may also try peanut butter. Larger species, however, are more likely to enjoy whole or shelled nuts rather than softer butters, leaving this treat for smaller birds. This can be ideal for birders who hope to encourage both large and small birds to visit their feeders, as offering both whole nuts as well as peanut butter will attract different species.
Best Peanut Butter for Birds
Any peanut butter that is safe for human consumption can also be safely fed to birds, but the most ideal options are peanut butter brands with the fewest additives or extra ingredients. Organic or fresh peanut butters are best, and many wild bird supply stores or nature centers offer peanut or other nut butters specially formulated with fewer additives for feeding birds. Other peanut butter brands can also be offered to birds, including generic store brands. Birds can have peanut butter that is past its best by date, but no butter that is rancid, moldy, or spoiled should be available to birds, as it could be toxic or dangerous.
Both creamy and crunchy peanut butter blends are equally attractive to birds. Peanut-butter-and-jelly products are not recommended, however, since different birds enjoy jelly and don't necessarily eat peanut butter. Similarly, peanut butters that are blended with other products, such as marshmallow fluff or cookie pieces, are also not good for birds. Sugar-free or low-fat peanut butters are not suitable for birds either, as they lack the nutritional composition birds need, and sugar substitutes can be dangerous for birds. When available, low-salt peanut butters are ideal, as it is uncertain whether too much salt is bad for birds. Conscientious backyard birders will not want to take chances by offering birds excess salt.
Of course, no peanut butter products such as cookies, cakes, candies, or fudge should ever be offered to birds. No matter how much peanut butter they may contain, the extra ingredients in these snacks are not healthy for a bird's diet.
Offering Peanut Butter to Backyard Birds
There are many different ways to make peanut butter accessible to hungry birds. Smaller jars can be hung as basic feeders for birds to enjoy, or peanut butter can be smeared on a tree, post, or fence. Take care, however, since the oil in peanut butter can easily stain wood or other permeable surfaces. Instead, peanut butter dollops can be added to small dishes or platform feeders for easy feeding and convenient cleanup.
Peanut butter is often used for simple do-it-yourself feeders, such as pine cone bird feeders. Homemade feeders often use peanut butter mixed with birdseed to be even more attractive to birds, or peanut butter can be added to homemade suet as well.
Because peanut butter can go rancid and may get soft and runny when it is warm, it is best to offer peanut butter only in shady areas out of direct sunlight. Offering the butter in smaller quantities can help keep it from going bad before birds can eat it all. It may also be necessary to take steps to squirrel-proof bird feeders to discourage other critters from enjoying the treat before the birds find it.
Myths About Peanut Butter
Despite how good peanut butter can be for birds and how easy it is to add to a backyard buffet, there are several persistent myths that surround this nutritious treat.
 - Birds can choke on sticky peanut butter.
 There have been no recorded, verified instances of birds getting peanut butter stuck in their throats or bills, or otherwise choking on peanut butter. Birds have different mouth, throat, and tongue structures than humans, and they are easily capable of eating peanut butter without problems. To completely eliminate any risk of sticky peanut butter, no matter how small, the butter can be mixed with flour, cornmeal, or dry oatmeal. This will make the peanut butter drier and more crumbly, which will be easier for birds to break apart and consume.
 - Peanut butter can coat feathers and make it harder to fly.
 While this is certainly possible, it is highly unlikely and has not been noted as a regular problem even among birds that are fanatics for peanut butter. To get coated with peanut butter, birds would have to rub on or roll in the butter, which they do not typically do. Even if they were coated, preening would easily remove the peanut butter without harming the birds. To avoid even the smallest risk, keeping peanut butter cooler or choosing brands with less oil content will make it more difficult for the butter to coat birds' feathers. Mixing the butter with drying ingredients such as flour and cornmeal can also reduce any potential problems with birds' plumage.
Peanut butter is a great treat for birds, and while there can be some minor problems with offering it in the yard or garden, it is easy to overcome those difficulties to offer birds a nutritious and delicious treat.


text:
posted by ted .
you are designing a diving bell to withstand the pressure of sea water at a depth of 250m. a)what is the quage pressure at the depth(you can ignor the small changes in the density of the water with depth.) b)at the 250m depth, what is the net force due to the water outside and the air inside the bell on the circular glass window 30.0cm in diameter if the pressure inside the diving bell equals the pressure at the surface of the water?(you may ignor the small variation in pressure over the surface of the window)

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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dbstress is an open-source database performance and stress testing tool written in Scala and Akka. It runs a database query (using a database-specific JDBC driver) certain number of times in parallel (possibly against multiple database hosts) and generates a CSV with summarized results.
 - Java 8 or later
Obtaining and running
Download the latest release from the releases page (nighly builds are also available).
Two command line arguments are mandatory: scenario configuration and output directory:
bin/dbstress -c /path/to/scenario_config.yaml -o /output/directory
The application doesn't bundle any JDBC drivers. You'll need to download the driver for your database and place it into the lib/ directory.
Configuration and terminology
Top level configuration element is a scenario, which consists of at least one unit. A unit represents a particular database operation, along with its configuration. All configured units within a scenario run in parallel, independently of each other and their results are also reported separately. Unless you need to do some more advanced testing, such as connecting to the database with different users or to different schemas, it is perfectly fine to have a scenario with just a single unit.
Unit configuration consists of:
 - Unit name - must be an alphanumeric string
 - Description - optional
 - Database query
 - Connection URI
 - JDBC driver class name - optional, only specify if it cannot be detected automatically
 - Database username
 - Database password - optional if provided on command line
 - Number of parallel database connections - further referred as PAR
 - How many times should the query be repeated - further referred as REP
 - Connection initialization timeout - optional
Here is an example of a scenario configuration with two units:
unit_name: unit1
description: Example of a successful unit # optional
query: select 1
uri: "jdbc:h2:mem://localhost"
driver_class: org.h2.Driver # Optional, only specify if java cannot detect it
username: user1
password: "password" # optional if provided on command line
parallel_connections: 5
repeats: 10
connection_timeout: 3000 # in ms, optional
unit_name: unit2
description: Example of an unit the queries of which will always fail
query: zelect 1
uri: "jdbc:h2:mem://localhost"
driver_class: org.h2.Driver
username: sa
password: ""
parallel_connections: 4
repeats: 50
connection_timeout: 500
The test run consists of two base phases: connection initialization phase and query execution phase. In the connection initialization phase, each unit spawns PAR so called unit runs. Every unit run opens a database connection. In the query execution phase, every unit run sends the configured query REP times sequentially to the database. Therefore, every unit sends the query to the database PAR*REP times.
The following diagram shows the meaning of the PAR and REP variables, as well as the overall description of individual components and how they parallelize:
Components overview
In dbstress, there are two important thread pools. The first one is used by the Akka internally and can spawn up to 64 threads (it will be usually much less).
The other thread pool is used for execution of the blocking database calls. The number of threads in this thread pool is equal to the total number of database connections across all units.
Database calls labelling
In order to identify individual database calls in the server logs, you can place a random identifier into each query. dbstress supports query labeling with the @@gen_query_id@@ placeholder. Each occurrence of such placeholder will be replaced with a unique identifier consisting of the following underscore-separated components:
 - Scenario ID
 - Connection ID
 - Query ID
Here is an example unit configuration:
unit_name: unit1
description: Example of a successful unit
query: "select /*+label(@@gen_query_id@@) */ 1"
uri: "jdbc:h2:mem://localhost"
driver_class: org.h2.Driver
username: sa
password: ""
parallel_connections: 2
repeats: 5
connection_timeout: 500
query_timeout: 500
To illustrate how can such labeling can be useful, let's consider debugging and profiling query labels of HPE Vertica. Labels provide an easy way how to pair the test query executions with the database server log entries.
Error handling
Various kinds of errors can occur during the scenario run, two most important categories of errors are connection initialization errors and query errors.
When a connection initialization fails (either due to an exception or a timeout), dbstress does not proceed to the query execution phase and terminates immediately.
Query errors, on the other hand, do not stop the scenario, but they are reported as failures in the resulting CSV.
The following list summarizes the various exit status codes:
 - 0: Success, output CSV generated. Individual queries still may have failed, though
 - 1: Error, incorrect command line arguments
 - 2: Error during parsing the configuration YAML file
 - 3: Some database connections could not be initialised
 - 4: Scenario timeout
 - 10+: Unexpected application errors, should be reported as bugs
When a scenario run finishes, it creates file summary.${timestamp}.csv in the output directory.
The CSV file contains summary statistics (min, max, mean, median and standard deviation) calculated from connection initializations and all/successful/failed database calls.
If you have any problem with the application, find a bug or encounter an unexpected behaviour, please create an issue.


text:
Newsletter 2015.2 Index
Theme : "The Conference of Fluid Engineering Division"
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) are widely used for fluid flow measurements.
The velocity distributions of fluid flow are measured by tracking tracer particle patterns or each particle, so PIV and PTV are based on particle measurement techniques in fluid engineering.
These measurement techniques are usually employed for analyzing two-dimensional fluid flow.
Therefore, to analyze three-dimensional phenomena such as real fluid flow, it is necessary to measure three-dimensional particle distribution.
Digital holography is a monocular measurement technique to record and reconstruct three-dimensional object.
The technique is used to measure small objects such as particles.
Consequently, the digital holographic particle measurement can be applied to three-dimensional PIV or PTV.
However in digital holography, the measurement accuracy in depth is reduced because a reconstructed particle image is elongated along the depth axis.
In order to overcome this difficulty, deconvolution technique was employed to suppress the particle image elongation.
The deconvolution technique is a process to calculate the particle distribution by regarding reconstructed particle images as convolution of the particle distribution and point spread function in three-dimensional space.
This paper evaluates the performance of digital holographic particle measurement using the deconvolution technique for measuring three-dimensional flows.
We used this deconvolution technique to detect the particle displacement in order to confirm its accuracy in suppressing the particle elongation.
In numerical simulation, the measurement accuracies with and without the deconvolution technique are evaluated within the cubic cavity flow model.
This research shows that using this deconvolution technique successfully suppresses particle elongation and thereby improves the measurement accuracy of particle displacement within the cubic cavity flow model.
Flow measurements, Particle measurement, Digital holography, Deconvolution
|Fig. 1 Principle of digital holography|
Fig. 2 Cavity flow model
Fig. 3 Comparison of displacement vectors


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Chicago's Willis Tower, formerly known as Sears Tower, was the world's tallest building from 1974 to 1998 and remains the tallest building in the U.S. to this day. Its 1451-foot (442 m) height adds up to enough window area to keep a window washer busy for life, or space for enough solar panels to be comparable to a 10 acre solar power plant. As part of a pilot project, the south facing windows of the 56th floor of the Willis Tower will be replaced with Pythagoras Solar's transparent solar windows which cut down on heat gain – and therefore cooling costs – as well as harnessing energy from the sun.
While the image that comes to mind when one thinks of solar power plants is probably one of rows upon rows of panels covering large areas of desert, replacing the windows of skyscrapers with solar windows gives cities with limited free space the opportunity to create vertical solar power plants. Pythagorus Solar's solar windows, which the company calls photovoltaic glass units (PGUs), are rectangular box-shaped units that allow diffused light to pass through, but use a prism to reflect sunlight down onto a horizontal PV cell along the bottom of the unit to generate the same amount of energy as standard rooftop-mounted solar cells.
"We are excited to launch this pilot with Pythagoras Solar's leading-edge solar window solutions as a test for not only the energy savings that can be achieved, but the potential they represent to actually generate power through the sun," said John Huston, Executive Vice President of American Landmark Properties, one of the ownership partners of Willis Tower.
If the pilot project proves successful, Pythagoras Solar's PGU's could be expanded beyond the 56th floor to cover enough surface area to provide over two megawatts of solar power.
Just enter your friends and your email address into the form below
For multiple addresses, separate each with a comma

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Virtaul Hard Disk (VHD) is basically a file format that contains complete structure of a hard disk. It is a virtual machine hard disk that can reside on a native host file system encapsulated within a single file. It is used to store virtual operating systems, their related program files and it acts like a proper hard disk. Now, you won't need any third party tools to create and attach VHD, Windows 7's Disk Management comes with an option to create, attach and detach the Virtual Hard Disks instantly.
To create Virtual Hard Disk in Windows 7 go to Start menu, right click Computer and choose Manage.
Now to create VHD, click Disk Management and choose Action > Create VHD as shown in following screenshot.
A dialogue box will be loaded where you can make necessary settings for creating VHD, specify location, size and virtual hard disk format (it could be dynamically expanding or Fixed size).
Click OK and VHD will be created and it will be displayed in Disk Management along with other disks.
Now the last step is that you will need to attach it in order to make it functional You can do so from Action > Attach VHD, browse and specify the.vhd file which you created in above mentioned step and click OK to attach it to your system.
Thats all, now you can use the virtual disk without any fuss. Enjoy!


What is "Techo-Paganism"?
Techno-paganism (or "technopaganism," or even sometimes "techno-shamanism/technoshamanism") is not a strictly-defined term. In general, it refers to the intersection of spirituality and technology; although this may happen in any number of fashions.
For some, they use the tools of technology to approach their own belief system. For others, technology itself is the focus of their mysticism.
Quoting from the wiki entry:
"Technopaganism has a number of distinct definitions found in various discourse:
* The use of modern-day devices in magical ritual. This can include the substitution of technology for traditional magical tools, such as using their oven for a hearth, keeping a "Disk of Shadows" instead of a "Book of Shadows", and using a laser pointer as a wand. In other practice, technology is the target of the magical work, such as the use of stones and other charms to help improve the performance of mundane items or online role-playing avatars.
* Modern tribal/urban primitive movements such as urban shamanism and rave culture. This is often used in association with electronic dance music.
* An emergent trend in neopagan thought that deals with spiritual and magical facets of technology and technological society. Associated with this is the use of technological metaphors (most often computer and/or telecommunications metaphors) to describe spiritual phenomena, as well as the use of symbolism from popular culture in spiritual contexts."


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The testimony of an expert witness depends on the competency of the witness, whereas, the testimony of an ordinary witness is validated by corroborating testimony.
We are free to challenge an expert to ensure his testimony does not wander outside the scope of his expertise. The testimony of an ordinary witnesses should be corroborated by other voices.
The witnesses to the gold plates of the Book of Mormon are presented as expert witnesses where we are supposed to trust them without outside corroboration.
What is the nature of the witness of the Apostles in the gospels? How does the answer affect our presumptions in hermeneutics?
share|improve this question
I think you are trying to apply modern legal concepts to books written 2000 years ago. – DJClayworth Nov 1 '11 at 19:55
Actually I am just asking if the apostles expected us to believe them simply because they said so, or do they expect us to corroborate their testimony somehow. If the former, then how can we challenge their'mistakes'. If the latter, then how much of the gospel can be corroborated and by what? I think the gospels differ from the letters in how they treat their testimony. – Bob Jones Nov 2 '11 at 5:05
That's nothing to do with the concept of an 'expert witness'. Expert witnesses are those with particular expertise. The difference is that an expert witness can testify about their opinion - another witness can only testify to facts. – DJClayworth Nov 2 '11 at 13:28
There were multiple apostles, so their individual testimony is corroborated by the other voices, right? – GalacticCowboy Nov 3 '11 at 22:25
The gospels are validated by each other concerning details of Jesus's life but more importantly, they are witnesses that the prophesies of the OT came true. Each detail in the NT validates prophesies of the OT (though many of the prophecies are hidden in riddle, called shadows in Hebrews.) In the letters they are exercising their authority in the church, which is a different function. So I am thinking that the gospels are common, and the letters are expert. In the letters we are expected to believe them because of their appointed expertise. But the gospels can be validated by Bereans. – Bob Jones Nov 5 '11 at 15:27
2 Answers 2
The simple answer is "no", none of the disciples were expert witnesses, certainly not in the modern sense, and more importantly, not in the sense of their time, whether according to the Pharisees or the Sadducees, both of who demanded a high standard of education in Jewish tradition and adherence to that tradition to be considered as witnesses at all for anything other than mundane issues.
There is no evidence to think that the disciples were particularly educated men in the sense that would be required to be considered valid witnesses then, and some evidence think the contrary. They appear to have chosen themselves or been chosen by Jesus, not on the basis of education, but on the basis of their conviction, their commitment and their willingness to hear a new idea that others burdened by doctrinal education could not hear. They might also have been chosen on the basis future leadership potential although the text itself does not indicate whether this is so.
When the disciples received the mission of being apostles following the resurrection, it doesn't appear from the text that not being considered expert witnesses in the sense of their time hindered them in any way. No one then seemed to be particularly worried by that fact. I don't think that we need to be either, as that is apparently not the message that the text intends to give us.
share|improve this answer
Were the apostles "expert" witnesses?
If I understand the thrust of the question correctly, you are asking how the apostles expected their testimony in the gospels to be received - but in the process you appear (perhaps unintentionally) to be conflating the original audience and modern readers into a single group.
I would prefer to delineate those who read the gospels into at least two, and probably several more groups, and indeed the different gospels may even have been written with different audiences in mind. Luke at least seems to be primarily addressing a converted reader:
From the perspective of 'Theophilus', it seems likely that Luke was regarded as an 'expert' - and he may well have taken on trust things he wrote whereas a man encountering Luke's gospel today for the first time might
 1. have preconceived animosity towards religion
 2. have a sensible policy of not believing things just because someone wrote them
 3. have already put their trust in some other person or faith than the one Luke holds
, to name but a few possibilities.
Given that:
It seems reasonable not to expect someone who is not already a believer to accept the testimony of Luke alone - and indeed I find it very helpful that the we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses from the varied Bible texts.
The remaining question then becomes whether Luke (or indeed God) intended his gospel to be a tool for convincing/persuading those who do not believe that it is a true account of the important facts about the life, death and resurrection of Jesus, as well as for building up 'Theophilus' (and perhaps other believers).
This goes to the heart of how a man is converted - is it the moment before he hears the gospel, so he can receive it, or the moment after, as he chooses to respond. In either event, at least for John, that intent is explicit:
share|improve this answer
"... how the apostles expected their testimony in the gospels to be received" The message of Christ and the apostles was not a new message. All they said Jesus did was said to validate that the law and prophets were fulfilled. When we say Matt said so, we should be asking "In what way were prophecies fulfilled in what Matt said." Luke recorded things that demonstrated that Jesus fulfilled scripture as the means to persuade us, not as a testimony of a new message and messenger. We believe that Jesus is the C, SOG because he fulfilled scripture, not because Luke said he was. – Bob Jones May 5 '12 at 3:39
we don't believe Luke because he was an apostle, but because his testimony is corroborated by scriptures. We have their testimony in the gospels and can validate it the same way the Bereans did, by checking the Old Testament. When we "buy their story" because they are apostles, we treat them as expert witnesses. – Bob Jones May 5 '12 at 3:42
but speaking as a gentile convert, what reason do I have to trust the Old Testament first? The agreement certainly lends itself to the overall picture or integrity of all the witnesses but I for one trusted the apostles first :-) – Jack Douglas May 5 '12 at 7:18
So to you the apostle is an expert witness, which is an anachronism according to others here. If the early Jewish Christians did not accept them as experts when they spoke of the Jewish Messiah, what warrant do gentiles have? I suspect, if the truth be known, in your case, a sheep recognized the voice of his shepherd through the NT authors, and with time learned to understand his words. So the initial trust was really in the shepherd, which trust was imputed to the authors. – Bob Jones May 8 '12 at 3:46
Your Answer


How To Find Bees In Minecraft?
Where do you find bees in Minecraft?
Why can't I find bees in Minecraft?
You can find bees in Minecraft in flower forests, plains and sunflower plain biomes following update 1.15. Any tree in the above biomes can harvest a bee nest, but the flower forest is your greatest bet for finding them quickly.
How rare is it to find a beehive in Minecraft?
Bee nests now have a 0.2% chance to spawn in forest, wooded hills, birch forest, tall birch forest, birch forest hills, and tall birch hills biomes. Bee nests now appear yellow on maps.
How do I get bees in my beehive Minecraft?
Can u tame bees in Minecraft?
In order to tame minecraft bees you need flowers, it is really easy. Minecraft 1.15, the first release of Buzzy Bees, is a major update to Java Edition released on December 10, 2019.It added bees and bee-related items, such as beehives, honey bottles and honeycombs.
How do you farm bees in Minecraft?
Bees can be lured using any type of flower (including 2-block flowers and wither roses), and can also be moved using leads. (The bees follow the flowers because they want to eat them. If you feed the bees the flowers, they will enter love mode and breed, producing a baby bee.)
See also: Often asked: Best Minecraft 1.12.2 Mods?
Do bees spawn in beehives Minecraft?
Bees are a neutral mob — they'll only attack when they've been attacked — that spawn naturally in bee nests attached to oak or birch trees. They're a fan of flowers so they have a higher chance of spawning in places that have a lot of flowers and the specific trees that they enjoy.
How do you summon bees in Minecraft?
You can summon a bee whenever you want using a cheat (game command) in Minecraft. This is done using the /summon command.
How long do bees stay mad Minecraft?
In Peaceful mode there will be no effect. Once successful, they will lose their stinger and will become passive, but will instantly die after 20 seconds. Placing a campfire or having a fire under a hive will stop hostility. They will go into bee nests and hives.
How do you get Honeycomb?
Honeycomb can be harvested from bee nests and hives (artificial versions of nests you can craft) with shears; you'll get between one and three bits of honeycomb that way. However, harvesting from bee nests will make its buzzy inhabitants hostile.
Why is my beehive empty Minecraft?
The bees could be getting polin. Leave it until night, if bees are still alive or around they'll come back.
How do you get honey from a beehive in Minecraft without getting stung?
To collect honey without getting stung by bees is easy. You'll need to place a campfire right under the bee's nest. Place it right under it and you'll never see their red creepy eyes again.
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Handling multiple event types in a topic
Question:
How can you have multiple event types in a topic and maintain topic-name subject constraints?
Edit this page
Example use case:
You have distinct but related event types and you want to produce them to the same topic, but you also want to maintain topic-name subject constraints. Why produce different events to the different same topic? One reason would be you have low-traffic topics and you'd like to consolodate them to reduce overhead for the brokers. Or you need to get the exact order of different events and by producing them to the same topic you are guaranteed correct ordering per-partition.
To do multiple events with topic-name constraints you'll need to use schema references, which is a schema that contains a field representing an object which is reference to another another schema. In this tutorial you'll learn about using schema references with both Protobuf and Avro.
For more information on multiple event topics you can read Put several event types in a Kafka Topic by Martin Kleppmann and Putting Several Event Types in the Same Topic – Revisited by Robert Yokota.
Hands-on code example:
Run it


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Covering a total area of 7,500m², families will be able to enjoy more than 30 activities, all supervised by coordinators:
- Several bouncy castle courses with slides, tunnels and obstacles have been set up for kids from 5 to 13 years old.
- Children who measure up 1.10m have a series of fun activities especially reserved for them. They can have fun climbing, jumping, swing and balancing in total safely,
- Reims events has also designed the Park to cater for people over 13 years old, with activities that the whole family can enjoy, such as a virtual reality game, a mechanical rodeo, a tree climbing course and an ice rink.
The Park also has various relaxation and picnic areas, as well as a nursery. On top of all this, visitors can buy food and drinks on site.
Giant Park is a great family day out for kids and their parents during this winter half-term holiday.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Rooting for realistic black dolls
First there was the golliwog, then there was black Barbie. Now the creators of a new talking doll say that, after 140 years of racism and negative stereotyping, toys for black children have finally come of age with a doll that teaches them their roots.
Rooti dolls claim to be the first fashion dolls to speak languages from countries ranging from Ghana to Zimbabwe and are designed to help the Western children of African parents to stay in touch with their heritage.
"The idea of Rooti dolls is to create that early interest in our children in their own culture, an appreciation of where they come from and to improve their self-esteem," said Chris Chidi Ngoforo, founder of United Kingdom-based Rooti Creations, which makes the dolls.
"My three daughters love dolls that look and dress like them," said Ngoforo. "But my daughters couldn't speak a word of Igbo, which is the ethnic group in Nigeria that I come from. They were my inspiration to create a doll that could provide a positive image and also teach them our languages."
The dolls, which go on sale this year, are further evidence of a resurgence in confidence among African migrants, experts say, and an increasing desire to hold on to their culture.
"In the past, the argument for not teaching the children the African language in addition to English was that it would confuse them or detrimentally affect their picking up of English, which is deemed to be the more important language," said Kwaku, a UK-based African history consultant. "Now we know that children can learn several languages at the same time."
Reshaping the toy industry
The dolls are the latest in a long line of attempts to reshape a toy industry that for many people of African descent still reflects racial prejudice. Attempts by Mattel to create an entire range of African-American Barbie dolls – with names such as Chandra, Zahara, Trichelle and Janessa – met with derision from some groups, who said the dolls did not go far enough in portraying a more realistic body image of black women.
"Many people told us that the [black] dolls on the market look like a white doll painted black," said Ngoforo. "Our dolls are created as a real image... of us as black people – African, African-Caribbean and African-American. They have wider noses, fuller lips, long curly hair and they come in various shades of black."
The impact on children of unrealistic depictions of black people has been the subject of controversy since the legal case that led to the desegregation of schools in the United States in the 1950s. Psychologist Kenneth Clark conducted a test on black children in which, given dolls that were identical except for their skin colour, the majority associated the black doll with negative stereotypes.
"Without dolls that accurately represent their own image, children end up looking up to white dolls and seeing the white image as being powerful and what beauty is," said Phillip Jordan, author of a study on racial preferences among black children.
But Rooti dolls, despite their more African facial features, have been criticised too. The dolls have long hair, which critics say reinforces negative messages about natural Afro hair and encourages the growing trend in hair extensions.
Ngoforo is planning a new range that promotes natural hair and more detailed black features. – © Guardian News & Media 2012


text:
Managed by | Updated.
Workflow scripts can fail and errors must be handled appropriately. A common approach is to have a failing workflow script exit with a non-zero exit code so that Funnelback can detect the problem and fail the update (sending a notification email if it has been configured).
To achieve this in shell scripts, make sure you set the -e flag in the hashbang line: #!/bin/sh -e or #!/bin/bash -e. This will cause the shell to immediately exit with an error code if one the script commands fail.
To achieve this in Groovy script, throw an exception with a message of why the script cannot continue:
throw new Exception("Unable to connect to remote system");
Never use System.exit() as it will cause the JVM to shutdown. Depending on the context it may have bad consequences, such as shutting down the Jetty webserver if the script is being run by Jetty.


13 Religious Perspectives On Mourning And Memorial Events
Different religions have various approaches to mourning and memorial events.
While some religions have prescribed mourning periods and memorial events, others do not. Here are some major religions' perspectives on mourning and memorial events.
Episcopalians do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Baptists do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Buddhists do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Catholics do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Eastern Orthodox
The mourning period for Eastern Orthodox Christians lasts for forty days. Within those forty days, the third day, the ninth day, and the fortieth day all have special significance. After forty days, memorials are celebrated at three months, six months, nine months, one year, and on the anniversary of the death for at least seven years. For close relatives, the mourning period may last for one year, during which widows and widowers may wear only black clothing and will recite Panikhidas regularly. Close relatives may also stay home from work for one week and avoid social gatherings for two months.
Hindus observe both a mourning period and memorial events. The day after the cremation, the eldest male relative (known as "karta") will return to the crematory and collect the ashes. Traditionally, the ashes should be immersed in the Ganges River, though more and more other rivers are becoming acceptable substitutes. For Hindus living outside of India, there are companies that will arrange for the shipment of the cremated remains to India and will submerge the ashes in the Ganges.
The cremation of the deceased marks the beginning of the mourning period, which lasts for 13 days. During this time, the family will stay at home and receive visitors, though mourning rituals may differ depending on the community. A photograph of the person who died may be prominently displayed, and a garland of flowers may be placed on the photograph. Throughout the mourning period, the rite of "preta-karma" will be performed, which assists the disembodied spirit of the deceased to obtain a new body for reincarnation.
One year after the death, the family will observe a memorial event called "sraddha," which pays homage to the person who died. The karta will invite Brahmins, members of the highest caste, to the home and provide them with an elaborate meal, treating them as he would his own parents.
There are two periods of mourning in Judaism. The first, called "shiva," meaning "seven," takes place over the seven days immediately following the funeral. During shiva, the family gathers every day in a family home to mourn and pray. For seven days, family members do not go to work or participate in the routine of their normal lives. Guests are received during this time. On the first day of shiva, a shiva candle is lit, which will burn for the duration of the week.
The second period of mourning is called "shloshim," meaning "thirty," and lasts until the thirtieth day after the funeral. During shloshim, mourners will resume many of their daily routines, but will continue to recite the Mourner's Kaddish daily. Shloshim marks the end of the formal mourning period and a full return to daily life, except in the event that mourners are mourning the death of a parent. If a parent has died, the formal mourning period lasts an entire year.
Any time within the first eleven months after the death, there will be a ceremony around the installation of the headstone, called a "headstone unveiling." (Though a headstone unveiling is traditional, there is no religious obligation to have an unveiling.) Before the ceremony begins, the headstone is covered in a sheet or cloth. Those in attendance gather around the headstone and recite psalms and perhaps a brief eulogy before removing the cloth. The Memorial Prayer, called "El Maleh Rachamim," is then recited. If there are at least ten people in attendance, the Mourner's Blessing, called "Mourner's Kaddish," may be recited. After the prayers have been recited, those in attendance will place small stones on the headstone as a sign that you visited the grave and as a sign of respect for the person who died.
There are two specified memorial events in Judiasm. The first, called "yahrzeit," is observed on the anniversary of the death (according to the Hebrew calendar). Every year, the night before the anniversary of the death, a yahrzeit candle is lit, which will burn for 24 hours, and the mourner recites the Mourner's Kaddish.
The second memorial event, called "yizkor," takes place on Yom Kipur, the Day of Atonement, as well as on the holiday of Shemini Atzeret and on the last days of the holidays Passover and Shavuot. Yizkor is a memorial prayer service, and mourners will go to synagogue to mourn with the community.
Lutherans do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Methodists do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Mormons do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Traditionally, the Muslim mourning period lasts 40 days. Depending on the degree of religiousness of the family, however, the mourning period may be much shorter.
Widows are expected to observe a longer mourning period, generally of four months and ten days. During this time, widows are prohibited from interacting with men whom they could potentially marry (known as "na-mahram"). However, this rule may be overlooked in cases of emergency, such as when the widow must see a doctor.
Presbyterians do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.
Quakers do not observe any specific mourning periods or memorial events.


text:
'It is dark in the park. It is dark in the street.' This superb patterned non-fiction text uses atmospheric illustrations to show what happens in the neighbourhood when it is dark. Who can be found in the city streets when children are tucked up in bed? Which animals prowl in the wood by the light of the moon?
*Red A/ Band 2A books offer predictable text with familiar objects and actions, combined with simple story development.
* Text type - Non-fiction recount.
* Pages 14 and 15 repeat the scenes explored throughout the book, allowing children the chance to recap on the narrative, and answer the question 'Where is it dark?'
* This book has been levelled for Reading Recovery
Claire Llewellyn is a prize-winning author of nonfiction for young readers. In 1991 she was shortlisted for the prestigious TES Junior Information Book Award for MacDonald's Take One: Rubbish, and in 1992 she won that award for My First Book of Time. Since then she has written more than 20 children's books on a wide range of subjects.


text:
When you create an assignment task in a flow rule, what are the typical local flow actions to include?
Assignments often include the following local actions:
If covers are being used in this application, the following should be included as well:
If folders are being used in this application, the following should be included as well:
Additionally, the following local actions are recommended:
A "power" user might also benefit from these:
- ChangeAssignmentSLA (if the assignment in question has a service level specified)
- TransferAdvanced (instead of Transfer)
Other flow actions are either more application dependent, such as the EngageExternal actions, or are used as connector flow actions.


text:
The rise of Chinese investors as claimants: What are the likely impacts on international arbitration?
In recent years, China has experienced unprecedented economic, military and diplomatic growth. China is now regarded as the number one economic superpower by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on the basis of gross domestic product (GDP), surpassing the United States. Beginning with its accession to the World Trade Organisation, there have been a number of recent initiatives that have contributed to China's prolific involvement in global trade and investment. China's entry into international investment treaties has the dual benefit of signalling to the world that China is a safe place to invest, as well as providing Chinese outbound investors with the legal framework to protect their foreign investments. The rise in Chinese foreign trade and investment and China's open attitude towards international investment agreements has had a direct impact on the number of Chinese parties involved in cross-border commercial disputes. Specifically, Chinese parties are becoming increasingly assertive in enforcing their rights internationally. This article explores the current and anticipated increase of Chinese investors as claimants in cross-border disputes and the cultural, legal, procedural and practical implications this has on international commercial and investor-state arbitrations.


Return _employees
 End Get
 End Property

 ' Override the CreateChildControls method to
 ' add child controls to the Employees property when this
 ' custom control is requested from a page.
 Protected Overrides Sub CreateChildControls()
 Dim label As New Label()
 label.Text = Header
 label.BackColor = Color.Beige
 label.ForeColor = Color.Red
 Controls.Add(label)
 Controls.Add(New LiteralControl("

"))

 Dim table As New Table()
 Dim htr As New TableRow()

 Dim hcell1 As New TableHeaderCell()
 hcell1.Text = "Name"
 htr.Cells.Add(hcell1)

 Dim hcell2 As New TableHeaderCell()
 hcell2.Text = "Title"
 htr.Cells.Add(hcell2)

 Dim hcell3 As New TableHeaderCell()
 hcell3.Text = "Alias"
 htr.Cells.Add(hcell3)
 table.Rows.Add(htr)

 table.BorderWidth = Unit.Pixel(2)
 table.BackColor = Color.Beige
 table.ForeColor = Color.Red
 Dim employee As Employee
 For Each employee In Employees
 Dim tr As New TableRow()

 Dim cell1 As New TableCell()
 cell1.Text = employee.Name
 tr.Cells.Add(cell1)

 Dim cell2 As New TableCell()
 cell2.Text = employee.Title
 tr.Cells.Add(cell2)

 Dim cell3 As New TableCell()
 cell3.Text = employee.Alias
 tr.Cells.Add(cell3)

 table.Rows.Add(tr)
 Next employee
 Controls.Add(table)
 End Sub
 End Class
End Namespace ' PersistChildrenSampleVB
Im folgenden Codebeispiel wird veranschaulicht, wie die Klassen CollectionPropertyControl und Employee auf einer ASP.NET-Seite verwendet werden.The following code example demonstrates how to use the CollectionPropertyControl and Employee classes in an ASP.NET page.
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Register TagPrefix="AspSample" Assembly="Samples.AspNet.CS.Controls" Namespace="PersistChildrenSamples" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "_URL_

 <title>PersistChildrenAttribute</title>

 <form id="form1" runat="server">

 <asp:Label ID="Message"
 runat="server"/>
 <AspSample:CollectionPropertyControl id="CollectionPropertyControl1"
 runat="server">
 </AspSample:CollectionPropertyControl>

 </form>

<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Register TagPrefix="AspSample" Assembly="Samples.AspNet.VB.Controls" Namespace="PersistChildrenSampleVB" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "_URL_

 <title>PersistChildrenAttribute</title>

 <form id="Form1" runat="server">

 <asp:Label ID="Message"
 runat="server"/>
 <AspSample:CollectionPropertyControl id="CollectionPropertyControl1"
 runat="server">
 </AspSample:CollectionPropertyControl>

 </form>

Hinweise
Der PersistChildrenAttribute wird in Verbindung mit dem ParseChildrenAttribute verwendet, um zu bestimmen, wie der Inhalt eines Steuer Elements interpretiert wird.The PersistChildrenAttribute is used in combination with the ParseChildrenAttribute to determine how nested content of a control is interpreted. Wenn PersistChildrenAttribute true und ParseChildrenAttribute falseist, werden die in einem ASP.NET-Server Steuerelement enthaltenen geschachtelten Inhalte als Steuerelemente beibehalten.If PersistChildrenAttribute is true and ParseChildrenAttribute is false, the nested content contained within an ASP.NET server control is persisted as controls. Wenn PersistChildrenAttribute false und ParseChildrenAttribute trueist, werden die als Eigenschaften des Server Steuer Elements gespeicherten Inhalte persistent gespeichert.If PersistChildrenAttribute is false and ParseChildrenAttribute is true, the nested content is persisted as properties of the server control. Weitere Informationen zum Verwenden von Attributen finden Sie unter Attribute.For more information about using attributes, see Attributes.
Konstruktoren
PersistChildrenAttribute(Boolean)
Initialisiert eine neue Instanz der PersistChildrenAttribute-Klasse, wobei mithilfe eines booleschen Werts angegeben wird, ob geschachtelte Inhalte als geschachtelte Steuerelemente beibehalten werden sollen.Initializes a new instance of the PersistChildrenAttribute class using a Boolean value indicating whether to persist nested content as nested controls.
PersistChildrenAttribute(Boolean, Boolean)
Initialisiert eine neue Instanz der PersistChildrenAttribute-Klasse un


Standard Auto
Standard Auto,
Standard Auto Meanings:
 1. Car insurance for the average driver with relatively few accidents in life
Literal Meanings of Standard Auto
Meanings of Standard:
 1. A measure of quality or performance.
 2. An idea or thing that is used as a reference, standard or model in benchmarking.
 3. A popular melody or song.
 4. Military or formal flags are hoisted on poles or waved on ropes.
 5. A tree or shrub that grows taller on a vertical trunk.
 6. Vertical piping for water or gas.
 7. Used or accepted as normal or medium.
 8. (From a tree or shrub) that grows on a full, upright trunk.
Sentences of Standard
 1. The restaurant offers a high quality service
 2. Low wages by today's standards
 3. Many songs were sung in Western countries in the form of jazz and pop kiss Nova standards.
 4. Sir Marcus Versley paid tribute to the Queen Mother and members of the Malton and Norton branches of the British Royal Legion raised flags.
 5. Regular tax rate
 6. Standard waves are useful in situations where direct altitude is required.
Synonyms of Standard
ordinary, traditional, set, usual, banderole, conventional, quality, paradigm, specification, requirement, expected, exemplar, fixed, colours, gauge, typical, ideal, principle, law, customary, archetype, quotidian, benchmark, criterion, pattern
Meanings of Auto:
 1. A basket
 2. Summary for Automatic (which means name 3)
Synonyms of Auto
machine, automobile, motor


text:
En Route is a school assignment for the course Devine at University Howest Kortrijk. -June, 2014
En Route is an association that organizes art and poet tasks for youth groups. The idea was to create an app where kids can discover a city by doing tasks in group. On a website they can see the tasks they did and share it with their friends.
The city from this app is 'Antwerp', a beautiful city in Belgium that has a big mix between old and modern.
This is a short promo video about 'En Route' that explains the app and website.
Music in background: Beirut - scenic world, voice-over by Quindo
In the app the user can view the route and see where the tasks are located by checkpoints. A few parts of the city are locked and when a task is fulfilled it will be unlocked. There are also small tasks to make the walk more interesting and fun, instead of walking from point A to point B.
The app makes use of the camera (imagepickercontroller & GPUimage), the microphone and MapBox (_URL_) to customize the map.
On the website the kids can see the results from the tasks they did. The website stays up-to-date and it always shows the most recent entry. Every user can see all the tasks that are completed and can filter by school (everyday there's another school that plays this game).
Teachers can subscribe their school on a certain date to come and explore the city with En Route.


Publication
DATE 2019
Conference paper
Data Subsetting: A Data-Centric Approach to Approximate Computing
View publication
Abstract
Approximate Computing (AxC), which leverages the intrinsic resilience of applications to approximations in their underlying computations, has emerged as a promising approach to improving computing system efficiency. Most prior efforts in AxC take a compute-centric approach and approximate arithmetic or other compute operations through design techniques at different levels of abstraction. However, emerging workloads such as machine learning, search and data analytics process large amounts of data and are significantly limited by the memory sub-systems of modern computing platforms.In this work, we shift the focus of approximations from computations to data, and propose a data-centric approach to AxC, which can boost the performance of memory-subsystem-limited applications. The key idea is to modulate the application's data-accesses in a manner that reduces off-chip memory traffic. Specifically, we propose a data-access approximation technique called data subsetting, in which all accesses to a data structure are redirected to a subset of its elements so that the overall footprint of memory accesses is decreased. We realize data subsetting in a manner that is transparent to hardware and requires only minimal changes to application software. Recognizing that most applications of interest represent and process data as multi-dimensional arrays or tensors, we develop a templated data structure called SubsettableTensor that embodies mechanisms to define the accessible subset and to suitably redirect accesses to elements outside the subset. As a further optimization, we observe that data subsetting may cause some computations to become redundant and propose a mechanism for application software to identify and eliminate such computations. We implement SubsettableTensor as a C++ class and evaluate it using parallel software implementations of 7 machine learning applications on a 48-core AMD Opteron server. Our experiments indicate that data subsetting enables 1.33×-4.44× performance improvement with <0.5% loss in application-level quality, underscoring its promise as a new approach to approximate computing.
Date
Publication
DATE 2019
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 - Research
 - Open Access
Fixed point theorems for decreasing operators in ordered Banach spaces with lattice structure and their applications
Fixed Point Theory and Applications20132013:18
_URL_
 - Received: 2 December 2012
 - Accepted: 14 January 2013
 - Published:
Abstract
This paper presents some theorems of the fixed point for decreasing operators in Banach spaces with lattice structure. The results are applied to nonlinear second-order elliptic equations.
MSC:47H10, 34B15.
Keywords
 - decreasing operators
 - lattice structure
 - nonlinear
 - elliptic equations
1 Introduction and preliminaries
The fixed point theory for monotone operators in ordered Banach spaces has been investigated extensively in the past 30 years [18]. Many new fixed point theorems have been proved under the nonlinear contractive condition by using the theorem of cone and monotone iterative technique. These results have been applied to study the ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, and integral equations.
In this paper, we investigate decreasing operators in ordered Banach spaces with lattice structure. The theoretical results of fixed points are extended by using the famous Schauder fixed point theorem for the operators. We weaken the conditions of the Schauder fixed point theorem. The results of this paper have no need for the closed bounded and convex property of domains for the operators. To demonstrate the applicability of our results, we apply them to study a problem of nonlinear second-order elliptic equations in the final section of the paper, and the existence of solution is obtained.
Let E be a Banach space and P be a cone of E. We define a partial ordering ≤ with respect to P by x y if only if y x P . A cone P E is called normal if there is a constant N > 0 such that θ x y implies x N y for all x , y E . The least positive constant N satisfying the above inequality is called the normal constant of P.
Let E be a partially ordered set. We call E a lattice in the partial ordering ≤. For arbitrary x , y E , sup { x , y } and inf { x , y } exist. One can see [7] for the definition and the properties of the lattice.
Let D E , the operator A : D E is said to be an increasing operator if x , y D , x y , implies A x A y ; the operator A : D E is said to be a decreasing operator if x , y D , x y , implies A y A x .
Lemma 1.1 [9]
Let E be a real Banach space, D E be nonempty, closed bounded convex, and A : D D be condensing. Then A has a fixed point in D.
Lemma 1.2 [10]
Let E be a real Banach space, D E be nonempty, closed bounded convex, and A : D D be completely continuous. Then A has a fixed point in D.
Lemma 1.3 [11]
Let E be a real Banach space, D E be nonempty, closed bounded convex, and A : D D be strict-set-contraction mappings. Then A has a fixed point in D.
Remark 1 Lemma 1.1 is the famous Sadovskii fixed point theorem; Lemma 1.2 is the famous Schauder fixed point theorem; Lemma 1.3 is the famous Darbo fixed point theorem.
2 Main results
Theorem 2.1 Let E be an ordered Banach space with lattice structure, D E be bounded, and A : D D be a decreasing and condensing operator. Then the operator A has a fixed point in D.
Proof For any x D , since A : D D , we have A x D .
Since E is a Banach space with lattice structure and D E is bounded, there exists u 0 D such that
inf { A x , x } = u 0 .
That is,
u 0 A x , u 0 x .
(2.1)
Since A is a decreasing operator, we have
A 2 x A u 0 , A x A u 0 .
(2.2)
(2.1) and (2.2) show that
u 0 A u 0 .
(2.3)
Similar to the proof of (2.3), there exists v 0 D such that
sup { A x , x } = v 0 .
That is,
A x v 0 , x v 0 .
(2.4)
Since A is a decreasing operator, we have
A v 0 A 2 x , A v 0 A x .
(2.5)
(2.4) and (2.5) show that
A v 0 v 0 .
(2.6)
(2.3) and (2.6) together with u 0 v 0 show that
u 0 A v 0 A u 0 v 0 .
(2.7)
For any x [ u 0 , v 0 ] , since A is a decreasing operator, we have
A v 0 A x A u 0 .
By (2.7), we have
A [ u 0 , v 0 ] [ u 0 , v 0 ] .
It is easy to know that [ u 0 , v 0 ] is a closed convex set. Since D E is bounded, we have [ u 0 , v 0 ] is bounded. Hence, [ u 0 , v 0 ] is a closed bounded convex set. Thus, Lemma 1.1 implies that the operator A has a fixed point in D. □
Theorem 2.2 Let E be an ordered Banach space with lattice structure, P E be a normal cone, and A : E E be a decreasing and condensing operator. Then the operator A has a fixed point in E.
Proof For any x E , since A : E E , we have A x E .
Since E is a Banach space with lattice structure, there exists u 0 E such that
inf { A x , x } = u 0 .
That is,
u 0 A x , u 0 x .
(2.8)
Since A is a decreasing operator, we have
A 2 x A u 0 , A x A u 0 .
(2.9)
(2.8) and (2.9) show that
u 0 A u 0 .
(2.10)
Similar to the proof of (2.10), there exist v 0 E such that
sup { A x , x } = v 0 .
That is,
A x v 0 , x v 0 .
(2.11)
Since A is a decreasing operator, we have
A v 0 A 2 x , A v 0 A x .
(2.12)
(2.11) and (2.12) show that
A v 0 v 0 .
(2.13)
(2.10) and (2.13) together with u 0 v 0 show that
u 0 A v 0 A u 0 v 0 .
(2.14)
For any x [ u 0 , v 0 ] , since A is a decreasing operator, we have
A v 0 A x A u 0 .
By (2.14), we have
A [ u 0 , v 0 ] [ u 0 , v 0 ] .
It is easy to know that [ u 0 , v 0 ] is a closed convex set. Since P is a normal cone of E, we have [ u 0 , v 0 ] is bounded. Hence, [ u 0 , v 0 ] is a closed bounded convex set. Thus, Lemma 1.1 implies that the operator A has a fixed point in D. □
3 Corollaries and relative results
Similar to the proof of Theorem 2.1, by Lemma 1.2 and Lemma 1.3, we can get the following corollaries and relative results.
Corollary 3.1 Let E be an ordered Banach space with lattice structure, D E be bounded, and A : D D be a decreasing and completely continuous operator. Then the operator A has a fixed point in D.
Corollary 3.2 Let E be an ordered Banach space with lattice structure, P E be a normal cone, and A : E E be a decreasing and completely continuous operator. Then the operator A has a fixed point in E.
Corollary 3.3 Let E be an ordered Banach space with lattice structure, D E be bounded, and A : D D be a decreasing and strict-set-contraction mapping. Then the mapping A has a fixed point in D.
Corollary 3.4 Let E be an ordered Banach space with lattice structure, P E be a normal cone, and A : E E be a decreasing and strict-set-contraction mapping. Then the mapping A has a fixed point in E.
4 Applications
In this section, we use Theorem 2.1 to show the existence of a solution for the uniformly elliptic differential problem. Let Ω be a bounded convex domain in R n ( n 2 ) whose boundary Ω is assumed to be sufficiently smooth. Consider a uniformly elliptic differential operator on Ω ¯
L u = i , j = 1 n a i j ( x ) 2 u x i x j + i , j = 1 n b i ( x ) u x i + c ( x ) u
i.e., there exists a positive constant μ 0 such that i , j = 1 n a i j ( x ) ξ i ξ j μ 0 | ξ | 2 for any x Ω ¯ and ξ = ( ξ 1 , ξ 2 , , ξ n ) R n , where a i j ( x ) = a j i ( x ) , c ( x ) 0 . For the sake of simplicity, we will assume that all functions a j i ( x ) , b i (


text:
Hands-on Ningen Gakki Japanese Toy Turns Friends into Instruments
A new Japanese toy wants you to slap your friends to make music. The Ningen Gakki musical device by toy company Takara Tomy turns the human body into an instrument when you tap, poke, squeeze and slap other players.
The Ningen Gakki — which means "human instrument" in Japanese — is shaped like a miniature person (4.25 inches by 3.75 inches by 1 inch) and has metal sensors on its hands and feet.
The concept blends sensor technology and music with social interaction. When any two of the four electrodes are touched, the device creates a sound and the current is conducted through the players' bodies. The sounds are determined by where you touch the skin, so poking someone on the nose will create a different sound than slapping someone highfive.
The device, which takes 2 AAA batteries, is easy to use, but since its instructions are only in Japanese, a few trial-and-error attempts are needed to figure out what exactly you're doing.
Here's how it works: After hitting the "on" button and sitting through the extremely high-pitched "hello!" and greeter song, users can select one of three different modes: song mode, sound effect mode and drums mode. Hitting the "OK" button confirms the selection.
Although this sounds pretty self-explanatory, it's difficult to navigate between the modes and determine why the device is playing songs, making noises and showing drum beats before you've even started. Be warned that the Ningen Gakki previews your selection with sound before you start, so even when you think you've already begun, the device may still be feeling things out.
Song mode allows players to pick from one of 10 songs. Although its fun to tap along to songs you may know — each touch advances the song one note — this mode doesn't leave much room for creativity. Whether you tap someone on the hand or poke their nose, the song and notes are predetermined, so it limits experimentation.
However, the sound effect mode takes the device to the next level, allowing users access to 30 different sounds to play from, from animal noises to doorbells. Each varies depending on which body part is touched.
But perhaps the most dynamic and exciting feature is drums mode, which allows the body to become a drums set. Depending on where and how quickly a hit is made, drums mode allows players to create beat-box sounds and full rhythm songs as different body parts are touched.
We found that the Ningen Gakki is most fun when more people are playing at once. In fact, not everyone has to be touching the sensors to create sounds. As long as two people are touching the sensors simultaneously, others can form a large circle around the two and still play.
For example, if someone is touching the arm or leg of a person who is touching a sensor, and then another person is hooked onto that person and so on, a full circle can be made and the current can be conducted throughout everyone's bodies.
To shut off the device — or after it's been idle for a few minutes — the Ningen Gakki will say so long and power down. If you can get past its excruciatingly high-pitched voice, the Ningen Gakki can make an interesting bizarre toy for an ice breaker or a party.
Article provided by TechNewsDaily, a sister site to Laptopmag.com.
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm reading Terry Gannon's Moonshine Beyond the Monster, and in section 2.4.3 he hints at (but does not explicitly describe) a way to extend the action of $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ on modular forms to an action of the braid group $B_3$. Here is what he says about this action:
First, we lift modular forms $f : \mathbb{H} \to \mathbb{C}$ to functions $\phi_f : SL_2(\mathbb{R}) \to \mathbb{C}$ as follows: let
$$\phi_f \left( \left[ \begin{array}{cc} a & b \\\ c & d \end{array} \right] \right) = f \left( \frac{ai + b}{ci + d} \right) (ci + d)^{-k}.$$
Thinking of $f$ as a function on $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$ invariant under $SO_2(\mathbb{R})$, we have now exchanged invariance under $SO_2(\mathbb{R})$ for invariance under $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$. ($SO_2(\mathbb{R})$ now acts by the character corresponding to $k$.) In moduli space terms, an element $g \in SL_2(\mathbb{R})$ can be identified with the elliptic curve $\mathbb{C}/\Lambda$ where $\Lambda$ has basis the first and second columns (say) of $g$, and $\phi_f$ is a function on this space invariant under change of basis but covariant under rotation.
Second, $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$ admits a universal cover $\widetilde{SL_2(\mathbb{R})}$ in which the universal central extension $B_3$ of $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ sits as a discrete subgroup. Unfortunately, Gannon doesn't give an explicit description of this universal cover (presumably because it's somewhat complicated).
Question: What is a good explicit description of this universal cover and of how $B_3$ sits in it (hence of how it acts on modular forms)? In particular, does it have a moduli-theoretic interpretation related to the description of $B_3$ as the fundamental group of the space $C_3$ of unordered triplets of distinct points in $\mathbb{C}$? (These triplets $(a, b, c$) can, of course, be identified with elliptic curves $y^2 = 4(x - a)(x - b)(x - c)$.)
share|improve this question
4 Answers 4
up vote 8 down vote accepted
You can think of the space of positively oriented covolume-one bases of $\mathbb{R}^2$ as a torsor under $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$, i.e., it is a manifold with a simply transitive action of the group. If you choose a preferred basepoint, such as $(\mathbf{i},\mathbf{j})$, you get an identification with the group. You can think of elements of the universal cover as positively oriented area-one bases equipped with a homotopy class of paths in $\mathbb{R}^2 - \{0\}$ from $\mathbf{i}$ to the first element of the basis. There is a reasonably straightforward composition law that involves multiplying matrices and composing paths.
Gannon's description of lifting to $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$ implies the lifts of even weight modular forms to $\widetilde{SL_2(\mathbb{R})}$ are invariant under the action of $B_3$. In particular, classical modular forms are rather boring from the perspective of the braid group. In order to detect the central extension, you need to consider modular forms of fractional weight. When the weight is not an integer, you don't get an action of $SO(2)$, but instead, an action of the universal cover $\mathbb{R}$. The resulting action of $B_3$ is necessarily nontrivial, since the restriction to the center is by a nontrivial character of $\mathbb{Z}$. I don't know many explicit constructions of fractional weight forms, other than half-integer weight forms like $\eta$ and theta functions, and vector-valued forms constructed from them. However, you can generate a family of examples by choosing powers of the cusp form $\Delta$, which admits a logarithm since it is globally regular and nonvanishing.
My understanding of the explicit relationship to configurations of points and elliptic curves is the following: Given a path of triples of distinct points $(a_1(t),a_2(t),a_3(t))$, we get a path on the space of elliptic curves of the form $y^2 = (x-a_1(t))(x-a_2(t))(x-a_3(t))$, but this will throw away an action of real translations and dilations (irrelevant) together with the central extension and the circle action (important). If we just look at the isomorphism types (i.e., the $j$-invariants) of the curves, we get a path through the quotient of the upper half plane by $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$. We need to choose a discrete structure to remove the quotient by the center, and a one dimensional continuous structure to promote our space to three dimensions. To retain the angular information that we lost by passing to elliptic curve isomorphism, we fix a tangent direction at infinity to remove rotational symmetry. This tangent direction is manifested when we choose our discrete structure: a homotopy class of nonintersecting paths from the three points to infinity, because we demand that the paths asymptotically approach infinity in that direction. The elliptic curve is a double cover of the complex projective line, ramified at the three points and infinity. We can choose once and for all a uniform convention for lifting the three paths to primitive homology cycles, such that any pair generates $H_1$, and one cycle is the sum of the other two, so those two form a preferred basis. To get the parametrization of $\widetilde{SL_2(\mathbb{R})}$ from the first paragraph, we choose a preferred basepoint configuration of three points with paths from infinity and asymptotic direction, and consider a triple $(a_1(t),a_2(t),a_3(t))$ that starts at the basepoint. By uniqueness of homotopy lifting, we get a family of tangent vectors at infinity together with a family of elliptic curves with oriented bases of homology. By rescaling the bases in $\mathbb{R}^2$ to have unit covolume, we get the parametrization in the first paragraph.
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There is a straightforward way to pass between the description of $\widetilde{SL_2(\mathbb{R})}$ in my first paragraph and Robin Chapman's description, but Robin's description is not only more concise, but lends itself to nice descriptions of finite-order covers like the metaplectic group (using branches of $n$th roots of $cz+d$). – S. Carnahan Apr 4 '10 at 19:49
$\widetilde{\textit{SL}_2(\mathbb{R})}$ is not so complicated, but one of the best descriptions is just that. It has no faithful finite-dimensional representations, which makes things a little tricky. It's easy to see that $\textit{SL}_2(\mathbb{R})$ is topologically a solid torus, so it does have a central extension by $\mathbb{Z}$.
Another description of this central extension is to think of $PSL_2(\mathbb{R})$ acting on the hyperbolic plane. Then $\widetilde{SL_2(\mathbb{R})}$ is pairs $(g,\phi)$ where $g \in PSL_2(\mathbb{R})$ and $\phi:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ is a map that induces the map from $S^1$ to $S^1$ induced by $g$ on the circle at infinity. (Note that this goes by a quotient from $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$ and then centrally extends back again.)
For the relation to $B_3$, you can think of $PSL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ as the mapping class group of the 4-times punctured sphere, with one puncture (at infinity) distinguished and required to go to itself. To go from there to its central extension $B_3$, you remove a disk (rather than a point) around infinity, and only look at isotopies that fix that boundary, which is similar to what happened at the circle at infinity above.
More generally, all mapping class groups have a unique central extension; if there's a distinguished point, you can do it in the braid-like way (looking at isotopies that fix a boundary circle), while if there isn't, you do it by lifting the map of the surface to a map from $\mathbb{H}^2$ to itself (not an isometry) and then lifting the action on the circle at infinity to a map from $\mathbb{R}$ to


text:
How do you calculate the wetted perimeter of a pipe?
The area of the flow will be equal to the channel width, b, multiplied by the flow depth, y. The wetted perimeter, on the other hand, is simply the total length of channel walls which are in contact with the liquid. In the case of the rectangular channel, it's a sum of b + y + y.
What is the formula for hydraulic mean radius when the pipe is running half full?
Hydraulic Radius – More than Half Full Flow For more than half full pipe flow, the parameter h is 2r – y, instead of simply being equal to y as for less than half full pipe flow. Calculation of the area of flow and the wetted perimeter are slightly different than those calculations for the less than half full case.
What is the wetted perimeter of a stream?
Wetted-Perimeter Method The wetted perimeter of a stream, defined as the width of the streambed and stream banks in contact with water for an individual cross section, is used as a measure of the availability of aquatic habitat over a range of discharges (Annear and Conder, 1984; Nelson, 1984).
What is the hydraulic radius of a pipe flowing full?
The hydraulic radius is a direct function of the shape of its conduit. For example, for circular cross-sections, such as sewers and pipe culverts, the hydraulic radius is not half the diameter, as the name implies. The hydraulic radius, in this case, is one quarter the diameter of a full pipe.
How do you calculate flow in a full pipe?
Manning Formula R = Hydraulic Radius. This is the area of flow divided by the length of the water-pipe interface. For circular pipes flowing full this can be taken as the pipe diameter divided by 4.
What is meant by wetted perimeter?
The wetted perimeter is the perimeter of the cross sectional area that is "wet". The length of line of the intersection of channel wetted surface with a cross sectional plane normal to the flow direction.
How do you find the wetted area?
The wetted area is estimated by multiplying the true view exposed as plan form area (Sexposed) times a factor based upon the wing or tail thickness ratio. If a wing or tail were papperthin, the wetted area would be exactly twice the true plan form area (i.e. top and bottom).
How do you calculate flow in a partially filled pipe?
The Manning equation can be used for flow in a pipe that is partially full, because the flow will be due to gravity rather than pressure. the Manning equation [Q = (1.49/n)A(R2/3)(S1/2) for (U.S. units) or Q = (1.0/n)A(R2/3)(S1/2) for (S.I.
Why is wetted perimeter important?
Friction losses typically increase with an increasing wetted perimeter, resulting in a decrease in head. In a practical experiment, one is able to measure the wetted perimeter with a tape measure weighted down to the river bed to get a more accurate measurement.
How much water can flow through a half inch pipe?
50 gallons per minute
Here are the average water flow rates based on typical municipal water lines: ½-inch pipe: 50 gallons per minute. ¾-inch pipe: 110 gallons per minute. 1-inch pipe: 210 gallons per minute.
How do you find the wetted surface area?
The Wetted Surface Area of Vessel is defined as the total area of her outer surface in contact with the surrounding water and is represented as S = (1.7*T*lwl)+(35*D/T) or Wetted Surface Area = (1.7*Vessel Draft*Waterline Length of a Vessel)+(35*Displacement of a Vessel/Vessel Draft).
How much water flows through a pipe?
Water Flow (GPM/GPH) based on Pipe Size and Inside/Outside Diameters
|Assume Average Pressure (20-100PSI). About 12 f/s flow velocity|
|1/2″||0.5 – 0.6″||840|
|3/4″||0.75 – 0.85″||1,410|
|1″||1 – 1.03″||2,200|
|1-1/4″||1.25 – 1.36″||3,750|
What is Chezy and Manning equation?
Chezy's and Manning's Formula in Open Channel Flow. The flow of a liquid through a passage under atmospheric pressure is called an open channel flow. Chezy's and Manning's equations are two important formulas used to determine the velocity and discharge of an open channel flow.


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STEM Clubs Week
STEM Clubs Week 2022 – Launching into Space
STEM Clubs Week is a free, virtual event that is a week-long celebration of STEM Clubs across the country. This annual event supports club leaders and educators in developing existing clubs, or setting up new clubs.
This year's theme is 'Launching into Space', and throughout the week, STEM Clubs leaders and young people alike will be inspired by our exciting timetable of space-themed virtual sessions, including talks, fun challenges and webinars. STEM Clubs Week 2022 also offers young people the chance to virtually connect with space industry professionals and learn about STEM careers.
Let's do the CanSat challenge
Tuesday 28 June - 10am
Rebecca Crawford-Richardson and Josh Duncan, STEM Learning
Join the team at STEM Learning to find out about the CanSat challenge and how you can be involved.
The career journey of a Space Engineer
Wednesday 29 June - 10am
Jodie Howlett, UK Space Agency
Hear from Jodie Howlett, a Space Systems Engineer at the UK Space Agency, on how she navigated her way to working in the Space sector.
Building skills for a career in the space industry
Thursday 30 June - 10am
Samiksha Raviraja, UKSEDS
Join a session to hear from Samiksha on what skills are essential for a career in the space industry and how you can cultivate those in your students.
Launch into space through dance
Thursday 30 June - 3.30pm
National Space Centre
Learn about rockets and then let's dance! All you need is enough space in the room to stretch your legs and boogie.
The road to rocketry
Monday 27 June - 11am
(Primary & Secondary)
Nathanael Jenkins, Imperial College London
Join Nathanael Jenkins on his road to rocketry as he talks about the journey, he has taken from his early days in the school STEM club, participating in and winning the F1 in Schools competition and his studying aeronautical engineering at Imperial College. Discover why aiming high, teamwork, communication and other essential skills can lead to great things. Nathanael's journey has ignited a lifetime aim which he is on track to fulfill.
What's happening in orbit
Tuesday 28 June - 11am
Ciara McGrath, Manchester University
How many spacecrafts are flying around just above our heads? What are they all doing? And how can we use STEM to design new space missions that make the world a better place?
Get some paper and pens ready if you want to try the Maths problems in the talk.
Wednesday 29 June - 11am
David Pollard, Spaceport Cornwall
An introduction to the first ever launch of a satellite into space from UK soil.
Behind the scenes at RAL Space
Thursday 30 June - 11am
(Primary & Secondary)
Vicky Hall, RAL Space
Join Vicky in exploring RAL Space - laboratory that carries out world-class science research and technology development with significant involvement in more than 210 instruments on missions to date.
The history of space travel – past, present and future
Friday 1 July - 11am
British Interplanetary Society
Come along and find out about how space travel has progressed through the ages and how the future of Space travel may look.
How a rocket works
Monday 27 June - 3.30pm
(Primary & Secondary)
Suzanne Harvey, Royal Institution
Join the tram at the Royal Institution to find out how a rocket works.
Bottle Rocket Project
Tuesday 28 June - 3.30pm
Mike Fairbaine, EgglesCliffe School and 6th Form College
A practical activity which focuses the students to design, build and launch their own bottle rocket. For the activity you will need:
- Corks that'll fit in the mouth of 2 litre bottles
- 10-20 bike pump needles
- 2L plastic bottles (one per kid at least)
- Corrugated card or plastic for fins
- Thin card or material to make nose nones
- Duct tape
- Marker pens
- Scissors and craft knives
- Lots of water
- Drill with small bit, or very fine punch
Send a message to the International Space Station
Wednesday 29 June - 3.30pm
(Secondary & Primary)
Claire Given, Astro Pi
Would you like to write some code and send it to the International Space Station to be read by the astronauts on board? If so, join this session to learn all about the Astro Pi programme. No coding experience is necessary, and the activity can be completed in a single lesson.
Code Club codealong
Thursday 30 June - 1.30pm
(Suitable for 9-13 years old)
Yasmin Hanif, Raspberry Pi
We are inviting your group to join the Code Club team to create a simple project in Scratch. The codealong is aimed at young people aged 9–13 and is open to all schools and community groups regardless of whether they attend Code Club.
STEM Clubs CPD Sessions
|Tuesday||Getting your STEM Club started|
|Wednesday||How to a Successful and Thriving STEM Club|
|Thursday||Enhancing employability skills and careers knowledge|
|Friday||Measuring Impact and gaining recognition|
Space themed STEM resources
Here at STEM Learning we have a library of free Space related resources for you to access.
- The Solar System
- Hitting the Moon
- Universe in a box
- Solar system puzzle kit
- Up, up, up! - Build and launch your own rockets
- Why is there junk in space
- Cleaning up space
- Coming back to Earth safely
- Solar system holiday


text:
Cislunar space (alternatively, cis-lunar space) is the volume within the Moon's orbit, or a sphere formed by rotating that orbit. Volumes within that such as low earth orbit (LEO) are distinguished by other names. Practically, cislunar space is a useful label for "the volume between geostationary orbit and the moon's orbit". Beyond cislunar space lies translunar space.
Cis-lunar is Latin for "on this side of the moon" but also "not beyond the moon". Therefore, one might regard the Lagrange points L4 and L5, the stable regions of the Moon's Trojan points, as cislunar, but in practice they are so interesting as to be likely to be talked about in their own right.
|This article is a stub relating to space or space exploration. You can help Space Wiki by expanding it.|


text:
ESABASE2 6.0 Release Notes
These release notes include all features, updates, extensions and bug-fixes included in ESABASE2 since release 5.0.
- It is now possible to define a lunar orbit in the Mission Editor.
- It is now possible to generate lunar orbits for the meteoroid analyses.
- Third body perturbation (geo-solar) and the perturbation due to spherical harmonics of the Moon
can be considered for lunar orbit generation.
- A new pointing 'CENTRALBODY' is introduced to point to the centre of motion. (Geometry Editor)
- The pointing 'EARTH' points in the direction of the Earth, it is equal to 'CENTRALBODY' for Earth orbits.
- The Mission Editor was slighly modified for better handling in the course of the provision of the lunar
orbit definition possibility.
- Meteoroid environment analysis can be performed for lunar orbits.
- The Grün meteoroid model can now be used for lunar orbit analyses.
- The LunarMEM meteoroid model is now available for lunar orbit analyses.
- It is now possible to use external trajectory files, describing a mission trajectory,
instead of defining an orbit in the Mission Editor.
- The occurance of runtime problems in special constellations by using child objects has been fixed.
- Problems with loading of some ESABASE2-3.0 geometries in ESABASE2 v5.0 have been fixed.
- Several minor bugs have been fixed.


action in the same way as it would be for an assertion. If the action does not have support, then Pfc trys each of the methods it knows to undo the action until one of them succeeds.
In fact, in Pfc, one declares an action as undoable just by defining a method to accomplish the undoing. This is done via the predicate pfcUndo/2. The predicate pfcUndo(A1,A2) is true if executing A2 is a possible way to undo the execution of A1. For example, we might want to couple an assertional representation of a set of graph nodes with a graphical display of them through the use of Pfc rules:
at(N,XY) => {displayNode(N,XY)}.
arc(N1,N2) => {displayArc(N1,N2}.
For more information
Contact Tim finin,


How do I respond to a PayPal dispute filed by my buyer?
You can communicate directly with your buyer through a message board in the dispute case. Here's how to respond to a dispute:
 1. Go to Resolution Center.
 2. Click View under "Action" next to your case.
 3. Respond to the buyer and enter any relevant information (such as tracking information), and then click Send.
What's Next?
You have 20 days from the date that the dispute was opened to communicate with your buyer.
If you can't come to a resolution within 20 days, you or the buyer can escalate the dispute to a claim to let PayPal investigate the case. If the dispute isn't escalated within 20 days, the case will be automatically closed on the 21st day and the held payment will be released to you. PayPal may escalate a dispute to a claim at any time.
After a dispute is escalated to a claim, you must respond to the case within 10 days. Then, PayPal will review the case and decide the outcome, usually within 10-14 days. You can view the case status and provide additional information in the Resolution Center. PayPal may determine the outcome of your claim in a shorter timeframe. PayPal may also take action based on coverage and eligibility requirements set forth in the User Agreement, any additional information provided during the online dispute resolution process, or any other information PayPal deems relevant and appropriate under the circumstances, such as your claim history.


text:
Implications of traffic characteristics on interdomain traffic engineering
Abstract (Summary)This thesis discusses the implications of the traffic characteristics on interdomain traffic engineering with BGP. We first provide an overview of the interdomain traffic control problem. Then, we present results concerning the characteristics of the interdomain traffic, based on the analysis of real traffic traces gathered from non-transit ASes. We discuss the implications of the topological properties of the traffic on interdomain traffic engineering. Based on this knowledge of the traffic characteristics, we go on to study the complexity of designing interdomain traffic engineering techniques by defining the problem as an optimization problem. We show that designing traffic engineering techniques is possible but that several issues inherent to the current interdomain architecture make the task complex. Finally, we evaluate the current state-of-the-art of interdomain traffic engineering and discuss how we envision its future.
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Keywords:traffic engineering internet bgp
Date of Publication:03/02/2004


text: The contribution is to present both the theoretical and experimental analysis of a wedge prism, which allows us to perform very small angle deviation of a passing beam in a simply way. No high precise steering element is necessary. The results of the theoretical analysis, i.e. the dependence of the propagation vector on the angle of incidence had been verified experimentally, using both Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a holographic grating. The results obtained have proved the advantage of the method proposed, which may be of great importance anywhere if small-angle deviation of propagation wave vector is needed.


Electrosorption of pectin onto casein micelles
R. Tuinier, C. Rolin, C. G. de Kruif
Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review
125 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
Pectin, a polysaccharide derived from plant cells of fruit, is commonly used as stabilizer in acidified milk drinks. To gain a better understanding of the way that pectin stabilizes these drinks, we studied the adsorption and layer thickness of pectin on casein micelles in skim milk dispersions. Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the layer thickness of adsorbed pectin onto casein micelles in situ during acidification. The results indicate that the adsorption of pectin onto casein micelles is multilayered and takes place at and below pH 5.0. Renneting, i.e., cleaving-off κ-casein from the casein micelles, did not alter the adsorption pH. It did, however, show that pectin arrests the rennet-induced flocculation of casein micelles below pH 5.0. From the findings we concluded the attachment of pectin onto casein micelles is driven by electrosorption. Adsorption measurements confirmed the multilayered nature of the adsorption of pectin onto casein micelles. Both the adsorbed amount and the layer thickness increased with decreasing pH in the relevant range 3.5-5.0. The phase behavior of a casein micelles/pectin mixture was determined and could be explained in terms of thermodynamic incompatibility being relevant above pH 5.0 and adsorption, leading to either stabilization and bridging, being relevant below pH 5.0. The results confirm that electrosorption is the driving force for the adsorption of pectin onto casein micelles.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)632-638
Number of pages7
JournalBiomacromolecules
Volume3
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2002
Externally publishedYes
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Electrosorption of pectin onto casein micelles'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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This is machine translation
Translated by Microsoft
Phase Voltage Sensor
Measure phase voltages in three-phase system
The Phase Voltage Sensor block represents an ideal three-phase voltage sensor. It measures the voltages across the three-phase ports ~1 and ~2 and outputs a single three-element, physical signal vector. Each element of the physical signal output vector is equal to the voltage in the respective phase.
The block has the following ports:
Expandable three-phase port
Expandable three-phase port
Three-element physical signal vector output port associated with the phase voltages
Introduced in R2013b
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text:
Store Barsbøl near Jels
Store Barsbøl's peaceful, historic buildings are situated in natural surroundings close to Jels Lake and Barsbøl Woods. The estate is presently owned by Rasmus and Lene Gejlager.
The first government estate
36 government estates in Southern Jutland witness the period of German rule from 1864 to 1920. Some of them are well preserved. Although occupation, settlement and struggles for land perhaps sound more familiar in other parts of the world, it was harsh reality in Southern Jutland less than a century ago. 36 government estates remain today as witness to the period of German rule. The first government estate was Store Barsbøl near Jels, acquired in 1896 when it was sold by court order.
Following the war of 1864, the area of Southern Jutland was annexed to Prussia and the slow process of integration into the German Empire began. The population, however, remained Danish at heart and, although the voting laws were gradually changed in favour of the area's more German-minded citizens and an ever increasing number of public-sector employees were obliged to pledge allegiance to the German Emperor, the transition from Danish to German proceeded at a sedate pace.
In the 1890s, the rate of Germanisation was speeded up. Suppression of the Danish-minded became more pronounced and many young people chose to leave Southern Jutland and moved across the new border to Denmark. Such migration was strongly promoted by the strict German rules on national conscription, and in the years leading up to the First World War many moved to Denmark to avoid being drafted into the German military.


text:
Let's visit every node of the tree once, keeping track of what depth we are on. We can do this with a simple DFS.
When we visit a node, info[depth] will be a two element list, keeping track of the sum of the nodes we have seen at this depth, and the number of nodes we have seen. This is necessary and sufficient to be able to compute the average value at this depth.
At the end of our traversal, we can simply read off the answer.
def averageOfLevels(self, root): info = def dfs(node, depth = 0): if node: if len(info) <= depth: info.append([0, 0]) info[depth] += node.val info[depth] += 1 dfs(node.left, depth + 1) dfs(node.right, depth + 1) dfs(root) return [s/float(c) for s, c in info]
@awice hello! I cannot understand info[depth] += node.val and parameter root of dfs(root) . thank you
@lusaty Not sure if you figured it out since your original post.
Each element of
info contains a list with the sum of all node values and a count of all nodes for each level of the tree.
info[depth] += node.val adds the current node's value to the sum of node values for the
depth level of the tree.
dfs() function performs a depth-first search of the tree, storing the sum and count of nodes for each level of the tree.
dfs(root) starts this process with the given root node.
Hi @lusaty . Think you would be able to understand the code below:
- Having a dictionary with key as the level and value as the sum of all nodes in that level
- Result is a list that contains the average of number of nodes in that level
class Solution(object): def averageOfLevels(self, root): """ :type root: TreeNode :rtype: List[float] """ def helper(root, level): if not root: return self.ans[level] += [root.val] helper(root.left, level+1) helper(root.right, level+1) if not root: return self.ans = collections.defaultdict(list) result = helper(root, 1) for key, value in self.ans.items(): result.append(float(sum(value))/len(value)) return result
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text:
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This paper describes a position sensorless operation of permanent magnet brushless direct current (BLDC) motor. The position sensorless BLDC drive proposed, in this paper, is based on detection of back electromotive force (back EMF) zero crossing from the terminal voltages. The proposed method relies on a difference of line voltages measured at the terminals of the motor. It is shown, in the paper, that this difference of line voltages provides an amplified version of an appropriate back EMF at its zero crossings. The commutation signals are obtained without the motor neutral voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results.


text:
The gravitational field is the negative differential of the gravitational potential. Now the gravitational potential due to a particle at a distance $r$ is $-Gm/r$ where $m$ is the mass of the particle. If I take the negative differential of this potential I get $-Gm/r^2$, which should be the magnitude of the gravitational field due to that particle at a distance $r$.
My question is, why is it coming out to be negative? I know that at a distance $r$ due to a particle the gravitational field is $Gm/r^2$ and it is not negative, so why am I getting a negative sign when I take the differential of the gravitational potential?


Posts Tagged 'labor'
November BAND Discussion: Reading for a cause
Amy of Opinions of a Wolf, asks this month's BAND question: Do you read nonfiction to support a cause?
Similar to what Amy writes in her response, the phrase "doing it for a cause" immediately evokes my college life. I went to a school full of idealists and do-gooders, in a city brimming with non-profit organizations. Pick your cause and you could find an outlet for it on campus or off. Attend a speaking event about any social issue and you were sure to hear audience members ask, "What can we do?"
In my experience, the answers to that question are more complex than the "action steps" model suggests, but understanding a problem you're aiming to change is always necessary. That's where I think the idea of "reading for a cause" can be considered. Study must inform social struggles; It's vital to understand the conditions people are experiencing and the powerful forces that shape those conditions. Action without these components is fighting without a weapon.
In college I read lots of nonfiction on political violence in Palestine and Guatemala, though I can't say I was particularly connected to the actual causes associated with those issues beyond awareness-raising and college-y activism.
Nowadays, I'm reading a range of materials to get a sense of what problems are affecting Pennsylvania, who's benefiting from the way things are, and who's organizing to change things. I'd also like to read any books I can find on movements that have existed in Pennsylvania (most likely ones being labor-related), because knowledge of the past can be a tool for engaging people and strategizing.
Working People's Solidarity at Occupy Wall Street
As I wrote in my Friday 5 post two weeks ago, the most promising thing I heard about when I visited Occupy Wall Street was participants' efforts to make connections between the frustration that brought people there and other struggles that people have been organizing around (e.g. labor issues, access to health care, environmental hazards) throughout the country but in NYC particularly. In an article on Common Dreams today, I detailed some of how the Labor Outreach and Support working group developed the relationships with unions that led to last week's 20,000-person march. The story also includes voices from participants describing the value of the occupied space as a place to listen to one another and brainstorm the kind of world they want to live in.
Check it out at Common Dreams.
Words to Live By
I've heard the question, "Were you scared?" a lot in the past few years. Like so many questions about my experiences in the West Bank, Honduras, et. al, I struggle to come up with an answer that fully reflects the tangle of answers coming from my brain and my heart. Lately I've been listening to Mother Jones'* autobiography on WMMT Radio. Ever wise with words, she had an awesome response when someone asked "Weren't you scared?" about organizing miners at Latimer:
Autobiographies are an inspiring book genre! What's your favorite autobiography?
*Mother Jones, once called "the most dangerous woman in America," was an active and effective labor organizer of the late 1800's and early 1900's. She worked for the Knights of Labor and the United Mine Workers.
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