Open Video Workbook
Use VLC to Stream Video
Video Lan Client (vlc) is a versatile program that does not only allow you to view video files, but also allows you to publish your live stream to the internet. VLC media player is relased under the GLP-2 and LGPL licences. In this task you will learn how to use vlc to stream the live video from your webcam to a streaming server on the internet.
What is streaming
A video file is like a bucket of water, a fixed amount of video content, while a stream is more like a water tap, it flows from the moment you start it, to the moment you stop it. This analogy also holds for actions like replaying, if you do not fill the bucket, save the stream to a file, your water or video is not replayable. You need streaming if you want other people to see your live event.
What do I need
For streaming you need:
 - A streaming server; You can setup one yourself, but for this task we will be up-streaming to giss.tv, a free streaming service for personal or non-profit use.
 - A capturing source; for this task we will use the built-in camera of your computer, but other cameras or even a file can be a source too.
 - A stable internet connection, as you are sending the video data over this connection it needs to be good, otherwise your viewers might see freezing images or nothing at all.
Where to publish to
For this excercise we will be publishing to giss.tv, a free streaming service for non-profit and personal use. You can of course also use other services. This manual can be used with any service that is built on the icecast2 streaming server, for other servers small adjustments are needed, these are pointed out below.
To use giss.tv you first have to create an account.
1. Go to the website giss.tv and halfway the page click on "Create your channel" you will be presented with a form. Below we will describe the meaning of the values and what to fill in.
 - code: this is just a code to make sure you are not a computer, try to read the code in the image on top and put it here.
 - mountpoint: this is the name of your stream, you can choose your own name here, but it has to end with ".ogg"
 - e-mail: an activation mail will be sent to this address, make sure you do not make a typo.
 - channel description: give a description of your channel here
 - keywords: a way to index the channel, use words to describe your content.
 - public: whether or not it shows on the giss.tv site (not public does not mean private!)
 - Website: you can point to your website here
 - logo url: you van point to a logo image for your channel
Read and accept the tems of use and click the button "add mounpoint" (sic). The next screen will tell you a mail has been sent to your e-mail adress. Open the mail and click on the activation link, if all went well the following screen should appear in your browser:
Congratulations, you are now ready to set up vlc to up-stream your event to the giss.tv streaming server.
Capturing your cam
To stream something you need to have a source (just like in the water example above), For this task we are going to use your webcam as a source, but most things that can produce video can be used, this includes dv-cameras, tv-cards, or even video files.
Your webcam itself produces a stream, this video stream is usually just sent to your screen, or if you are videochatting to the person on the other end. Now we need to connect it to the giss server, so giss can serve it. The program we are going to use for this is vlc.
Open vlc, go to the "Media" menu and select "Open Capture Device" you will be presented with the following menu:

Use the dropdowns to select your video and audio device, typically ther will be one of each, if it lists more you can select play on the bottom of the dialog to test if you get the desired output to your screen. If it does, just reopen the "capture device" dialog.

If you are satisfied with the selected options use the dropdown arrow on the bottom of the dialog to select that you want to stream the output rather than put it on your screen. You will be presented by the "Stream Output" dialog:

The source is already correctly filled in, so you can just click next:

If you want to see the stream on your screen "Display locally" this will let you view the stream as it is sent to the streaming server. Next, select IceCast for the "New destination" and click the add button:
A new tab presents you with the fields required to connect to the server. The information can be found in the activation mail you received earlier. You have selected your mountpoint when creating the account. the login name is separated from the password by a colon ":"
Your webcam delivers the video in a format that the streaming server does not understand, that is why we have to 'transcode' it, change the internal format to something the streaming server understands. The giss.tv server uses Theora(video) + Vorbis(audio). These formats are open, which means nobody has to pay a license fee for them.
Select Theora + Forbis as profile and click on the tools button next to it, this gives the next dialog:
 We do not need to change anything here, just click the "Video codec" tab to adjust the video settings:

This screen defines the size and quality of the streamed video.
Bitrate: this defines the quality of the image, but also the capacity that is needed on your internet connection. be aware that you are sending data from your computer to the internet, so it is not your download rate but your upload rate that counts. Most consumer lines have considerably slower upload speeds. If you do not know your upload speed you could use one of the online speed tests available, just google "speed test".
If your upload speed allows it, setting this value to the default of 800 kb/s should be file for a built-in webcam. Be aware that 128 kbps is added for the sound channel.
The resolution, this is the size at which the video is shown, for a webcam you can generally leave this without changes, otherwise you can just change one of the fields to the desired size.
Hit save when you are done. You will be sent back to the "stream output" dialog. Every thing is set here so you can just click "stream". Depending on your earlier choice you will see a black vlc window or you will see the stream as it will be sent to the server.
Connect your webbrowser or another VLC to your stream (_URL_ in the example) and you should see the stream. There will be some delay as at every stage there is a buffer to make surre there are no interruptions in the video output.


Important information
Shared Expenses Calculator
Shared Expenses Calculator
 - App Store Info
Often we participate in events with other people, such as trips, parties etc. in which each participant pays various expenses, and finally we adjust the accounts to which all people pay the same amount of money. For example, suppose a trip with friends, one day a friend paid the meal, another friend paid the tickets to the museum, and so on. Or suppose a party with friends, someone has bought a drink, others have bought food, etc...
Shared Expenses Calculator is an application that lets you enter the expenses that each person have paid in an event, and at the end calculate how much money must pay or receive each person, for all people have paid the same amount of money.
- Works with the following currency symbols, $, €, £, ¥ or blank.
- The default currency for new events can be configured in the iPhone's general settings.
- Calculations can be sent by e-mail.
- Translated into Spanish, English, Italian and French.
What's New in Version 1.1
Bug solved: When blank currecy symbol was selected, "(blank)" text was shown instead of no currency symbol.


A horizontal spring with spring constant 130 N/m is compressed 20 cm and used to launch a 2.7 kg box across a frictionless, horizontal surface. After thebox travels some distance, the surface becomes rough. Thecoefficient of kinetic friction of the box on the surface is0.15.
Use work and energy to find how far the box slides across therough surface before stopping. answer in cm
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Satbara | What is 7/12 | सातबारा उतारा माहिती
Satbara | What is 7/12 | सातबारा उतारा माहिती
Most of people are living in Cities because of jobs, services or any kind of business. Most of people have lands in their villages and they don't know about How much Land is there? Which crop is there? If you want to know more about your Agriculture land then Satbara (7/12) is important. You get a detailed information about your land by using Satbara Utara. Maharashtra government developed portal named Mahabhulekh where you get a detailed information of your land through 7/12 and 8A Records.
What is 7/12 (Satbara)?
सातबारा उतारा
You can called mirror of Land. Because you get a all information of your land at home without going into land. There are total 21 types of sections of village land in Maharashtra Land Revenue Code 1966. Combined of form 7 and form 12, we got a 7/12 Utara.
How to Read Satbara 7/12 Utara?
In Satbara Utara there are two sections one is form 7 and another is form 12. Both are combined in single form.
Form 7: It defines Owner details and their rights
Form 12: It defines Crop Details
Why 7/12 is Important?
While a buying and plot or agriculture land you need to get a 7/12 Utara first. 7/12 Utara clears your all doubts regarding land. You must remember that satbara cannot be used for transfer land from one owner to another owner.
How to Get a Satbara (7/12) Utara?
You get a satbara Utara from Tehsil Office. Recently Maharashtra Government's Revenue Department launched official website to Download your 7/12 from Online. is the official website of Mahabhulekh or Bhumi Abhilekh to Download your Satbara Utara with few simple easy steps.
 - It is used in any civil legal disputes.
 - It contains important information like loan, legal disputes etc..
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A pressure drop is the difference in pressure between two points in a pipe. It is the difference between inlet and outlet pressure. The inlet minus the outlet pressure is called the Delta P.
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This is the problem: Find non-trivial example of (linaer connected) space X so that cone over X is homeomorphic to cylinder over X. Trivial examples are one point set and empty set. I have absolutely no idea.My friend says it's an interval, then cone is triangle and cylinder is a rectangle, but I don't agree that they are homeomorphic. Am I wrong?
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So the cylinder is $X \times I$ while the cone is $(X \times I )/ (X \times \{0\})$. – john mangual Oct 9 '12 at 15:10
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1 Answer
For a closed interval, the cone and cylinders are a closed triangle and rectangle, and those are homeomorphic because either is homeomorphic to a closed disk.
For an open interval, however, you get into trouble. Then then the cone contains an isolated boundary point but the cylinder doesn't.
For a half-open interval there's still trouble, because the boundary of the cone is a half-open interval but the boundary of the cylinder is a closed interval.
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Quick, clean, and to the point
Match long text
Excel formula: Match long text
Generic formula
To match text longer than 255 characters with the MATCH function, you can use the LEFT, MID, and EXACT functions to parse and compare text, as explained below. In the example shown, the formula in G5 is:
where data is the named range B5:B15.
Note: this formula performs a case-sensitive comparison. See notes below for other options.
The MATCH function has a limit of 255 characters for the lookup value. If you try to use longer text, MATCH will return a _TAG_ error. To workaround this limit you can use boolean logic and the LEFT, MID, and EXACT functions to parse and compare text.
Note: this formula performs an exact match when both the lookup value and array values are greater than 255 characters. See below for other options.
The string we are testing with in cell E5 is 373 characters as follows:
Lorem ipsum dolor amet put a bird on it listicle trust fund, unicorn vaporware bicycle rights you probably haven't heard of them mustache. Forage helvetica crusty semiotics actually heirloom. Tumblr poutine unicorn godard try-hard before they sold out narwhal meditation kitsch waistcoat fixie twee literally hoodie retro. Messenger bag hell of crusty green juice artisan.
At the core, this is just a MATCH formula, set up to look for 1 in exact match mode:
The array in the formula above contains only 1s and 0s, and 1s represent matching text. This array is constructed by the following expression:
This expression itself has two parts. On the left we have:
EXACT(LEFT(E5,255),LEFT(data,255)) // compare first 255 chars
Here, the LEFT function extracts the first 255 characters from E5, and from all cells in the named range data (B5:B15). Because data contains 11 text strings, LEFT will generate 11 results.
The EXACT function then compares the single string from E5 against all the 11 strings returned by LEFT. EXACT returns 11 results in an array like this:
On the right, we have another expression:
EXACT(MID(E5,256,255),MID(data,256,255) // compare next 255 chars
This is exact the same approach as used with LEFT, but here we use the MID function to extract the next 255 characters of text. The EXACT function again returns 11 results:
When the two arrays above are multiplied by one another, the math operation coerces the TRUE FALSE values into 1s and 0s. Following the rules of boolean arithmetic, the result is an array like this:
which is returned directly to MATCH as the lookup array. The formula can now be resolved to:
The MATCH function performs an exact match, and returns a final result of 10, which represents the tenth text string in B5:B15.
Note: the text length shown in the example is calculated with the LEN function. It appears for reference only.
Case-insensitive option
The EXACT function is case-sensitive, so the formula above will respect case.
To perform a case-insensitive match with long text, you use the ISNUMBER and SEARCH functions as follows:
The overall structure of this formula is identical to the example above, but the SEARCH function is used instead of EXACT to compare text (explained in detail here).
Unlike EXACT, the SEARCH function also supports wildcards.
The XMATCH function does not have the same 255 character limit as MATCH. To perform an similar match on long text with XMATCH, you can use the much simpler formula below:
Note: XMATCH supports wildcards, but is not case-sensitive.
The example above shows a worksheet where the lookup value and some of the entries in the lookup array are longer than 255 characters, and the match type is exact. If the lookup value is less than 255 characters, but some values in the lookup array are greater than 255 characters, you can use MATCH function with the SEARCH function like this:
This formula works when text in E5 is less than 255 characters, but values in column B are greater than 255 characters. The behavior however is different. Instead of finding an exact match (as in the example above) this formula performs a contains match. SEARCH will return a number if the text in E5 appears anywhere in a cell that is part of the named range data. Detailed explanation here. The equivalent formula using XMATCH with wildcards is:
A similar wildcard search with the MATCH function won't work because of the 255 character limitation.
Dave Bruns
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By Lisa Buchanan
December 13, 2011, 3:56 pm
Whether on a stage or in the shower, everybody sings and for some, this everyday activity has important health benefits.
Thanks to a team of researchers at the University of Saskatchewan, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may soon be singing as part of their standard care. COPD affects the air passages in the lungs and makes it hard to breathe. U of S nursing Professor Donna Goodridge and her team are examining how singing can help people already involved in traditional pulmonary rehabilitation further improve their health and wellness.
The study, the first of its kind in Canada, is already showing results.
"My breathing has really improved," said participant Betty Braun. "Even though I'm not the best singer, we've been encouraged to sing at home and I've been doing that, too. It's all been working really, really well."
Symptoms of COPD include a persistent cough, shortness of breath and fatigue. As a result, people with COPD often have trouble carrying out normal activities. "Over 1.5 million Canadians currently report a diagnosis of COPD and there may be just as many Canadians who have the condition, but haven't been diagnosed yet," said Goodridge. She said singing has received relatively little attention as a form of pulmonary rehabilitation.
Rehabilitation programs focus on education and exercise, and as an exercise for the lungs, singing is a natural fit. It requires effective control of the breath and engages respiratory muscles in ways that are different from just talking or exercise.
"Singing is physical work," said music therapist Ruth Eliason. "It takes effort to sing, to have breath control and support of that breath."
Funded by the Lung Association's Canadian Respiratory Health Professionals section, the project involves researchers from nursing, physiotherapy, medicine, education and music therapy.
The first phase of the research project was completed earlier this year. A group of 13 participants met weekly with the music therapist. "In our singing group, we work on breath exercises, vocal warm-ups and singing, all of which engage the breath in helpful ways," Eliason said.
"The results were very positive in terms of quality of life, perceptions about control over illness, and participants' perceptions of their ability to control their breath," Goodridge said.
Along with the physical benefits, the program is also concerned with the social aspect. Because COPD limits the activities of patients, it can be isolating and lead to depression.
To gather with the group each week "lifts the spirits," said participant Roy Parker, "and you're getting stronger at the same time, so it's a multi-faceted program."
Recruitment of participants for the second phase of the study will begin in January. This phase involves more rigorous cardiopulmonary exercise testing where the researchers hope to detect physiological changes brought on by singing.
The team produced a short video—Singing for Pulmonary Rehabilitation—which will be posted on the Canadian Lung Association website.
Lisa Buchanan is a graduate student intern in the Research Communications SPARK (Students Promoting Awareness of Research Knowledge) program.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Chemical analysis and classification of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) based on their country of origin using mass spectrometric methods and chemometrics
Journal: 2021/March - Food Research International
The current study applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and thermal desorption direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (TD-DART-MS) methods to the analysis of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) samples from different countries. The black pepper powder samples were analyzed directly by TD-DART-MS without any extraction, but for GC-MS and LC-MS methods, a methanol extraction procedure was employed before the analysis. Various compounds, such as piperamides and terpenes, were detected. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to classify black pepper samples based on their origins. Total ion mass spectrum (TMS) data profiles from GC-MS, LC-MS, and TD-DART-MS methods were constructed and evaluated for the performance of classification. A cubic-root data transformation was tested in the data preprocessing and found to be effective for improving the classification rates. The average classification rates of PLS-DA models with GC-MS-cubic-root-TMS, LC-MS-cubic-root-TMS, and DART-MS-cubic-root-TMS data representations were 94.1 ± 0.6%, 87.7 ± 0.6%, and 97.0 ± 0.3% respectively, for 100-time bootstrapped-Latin-partition cross-validation. This study presents for the first time the analysis of plant-based food materials by using TD-DART-MS, and it has been demonstrated as a simple and high-throughput method for classification studies.
Keywords: Black pepper; Chemometrics; Classification; DART-MS; GC–MS; LC-MS.
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The German government is not in favour of allowing its former federal intelligence chief to publish his book, citing multiple reasons for blocking publication.
Germany is likely to ban the upcoming memoir written by former president of its foreign intelligence service Gerhard Schindler, according to an investigative report published by a government-run news website, Tagesschau.
The decision was reportedly made by the Federal Chancellery (Bundeskanzleramt), which is headed by German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
For the government, the book conflicts with the interests of Germany's intelligence services and sets the wrong precedent for other former spies to share their own experiences in the field, which can potentially impact the country's foreign policy.
Although the government maintains that Schindler's memoirs do not contain any state secrets, after nearly two years of examining the book, the Merkel administration refused to approve it for publication, keeping it under lock and key.
According to Tagesschau, the book carries some interesting insights into Schindler's time as the head of Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), the federal intelligence service. There are passages revealing how the German government had a meeting between Schindler and the Pakistani secret service ISI cancelled. And how he was happy to hand over gifts to leaders and influential people from the Arab states, gifts like small daggers forged from the steel of the Tirpitz, a battleship sunk during World War II.
The Merkel administration sees Schindler's memoirs as "a clear violation" of secrecy. It also fears, as per Tagesschau, that if Schindler's account is allowed to be made public, the other former domestic spy chief Hans-Georg Maassen, who was sacked from his job in November 2018, will feel emboldened to write his own book and use it as a political tool, since he has joined active politics.
Tagesschau's investigation is largely based on one source in the Merkel administration, who apparently has had access to the book's contents. The Federal Chancellery, headed by Merkel, criticised Shindler for giving away too much information about the inner working of the German intelligence agency, including "its methodology, and (foreign intelligence services), organisation and decision-making processes". The government has commented on the manuscript, highlighting some of the passages describing Schindler's meetings with other intelligence officers, while deleting other contentious parts.
The Chancellor's Office and the Federal Ministry of the Interior are also said to have considered issuing a decree banning such publications from official life. In the end, it was decided that the practice can continue but only after a proper vetting.
Schindler's memoir was under the government's review for over two years. In August 2018, he formally asked Merkel-led Chancellery to have his book draft examined. First, it had to go through the BND to ensure there were no possible breaches of secrecy. Subsequently, the Chancellor's Office went through Schindler's manuscript under the criteria of the Civil Service Act and the confidentiality obligations anchored therein. By November 2019, the examination in the Chancellor's Office was completed. The results were reported to the former head of the BND in mid-December.
According to this information, Schindler himself then suggested to the Chancellor's Office that he would revise his book and present a more "strategic" work. Since the revised version is not yet available, the examination procedure continues.
According to media reports, the former head of the BND himself did not want to comment on the matter. "Oh, please, I don't want to comment," he said on the phone.
Schindler headed the BND from 2011 until his dismissal in June 2016. Against Schindler's will, the German Chancellery ordered him to take temporary retirement over the controversy that linked him with the worldwide data snooping by the US National Security Agency and his own bugging campaigns against friendly states.
Source: TRT World


You are hereThe Piskies of Cornwall
The Piskies of Cornwall
There are a number of creatures particular to Cornish folklore, although their cousins can be found elsewhere in Britain under a different name and guise. One of these strains is the Piskie also known as a Pixie in other West Country counties.
The Piskie is a general name for a fairy race or tribe in Cornwall. In appearance they look like old men with wrinkled faces, and are small in stature with red hair. They dress in the colours of the earth especially green, using natural materials such as moss, grass and lichen.
Cornish Piskie: by Daniel ParkinsonCornish Piskie: by Daniel ParkinsonGenerally the piskies are seen as cheerful creatures with a prankish nature. They are said to be helpful but also mischievous, helping the elderly and infirm whilst sometimes leading the more able bodied traveller astray on the lonely moors. Many stories relate to travellers being led into the wild moorland to become hopelessly lost because of the Piskies.
In many ways the Piskies are similar to the Brownies being helpful but also mischievous in nature.
Often places of ancient worship such as stone circles and barrows were avoided as piskie haunts.
There are many legends attached to the origin of the piskies (and other fairies). Some people saw them as the souls of pagans who could not transcend to heaven, and they were also seen as the remnants of pagan gods, banished with the coming of Christianity. In tradition they are doomed to shrink in size until they disappear.
Another theory suggested they were the souls of babies who had not been Christened, a story championed by early clergymen, and one which has often been used to explain fairy origins.
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String Of Pearls
Botanical name: Senecio rowleyanus
Size: This plant can trail up to 1 m.
Optimal position: This trailing succulent is best planted in a hanging basket or under-planted in tall pots. It can survive indoors or out. Place in a bright and warm position with indirect sunlight, or in filtered light (avoid the afternoon sun, where possible). This plant can withstand low light. However, it can start to stretch and produce fewer pearls.
General upkeep: Turn the plant once a quarter to encourage even growth. Frequent re-potting isn't necessary as succulents adapt to space they're given. If you do decide to re-pot, use a succulent soil mix.
Water requirement: Use a wooden paddle-pop stick or chopstick to test the moisture level of the soil. If the top 2-3 cm is dried, give it just enough water to bring the moisture level back up. Watering will need to be amended depending on the season, i.e. less in the cooler and more in the warmer months.
Fertilise: Use a slow release fertiliser for pot plants in Spring (use as directed).
Propagate: Take a 5-10 cm piece with plenty of peals and place it on top of a fresh pot of succulent soil (you can also plant one end in the soil).


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Weather for Building Automation
Customised weather data feeds for building automation systems worldwide
Big buildings are real energy gluttons, but by optimising heating correctly up to 15% of energy consumption can be saved. A considerable saving like this makes both monetary and environmental sense.
Weather forecasts play a key role in selecting the right heating volume and timing. Variations in outside temperatures, winds and solar radiation have a huge effect on inside temperatures. Big buildings take time to warm up and cool down, so proactive functions are crucial. Foreca provides all the key weather information for effective, continuous heating maintenance of your buildings.
- Global service
- Custom location lists or coordinate-based API
- Forecasts for predictive systems
- Observations for control systems
- Full set of weather parameters available


This simple ergonomic tool makes it easier for left-handed people to write without any smudging
Over 90% of the world is right-handed, and the way we write is strongly informed by that fact… but it makes it difficult for the people who use their left hand to write/draw with. The minute you write with your left hand, you risk smudging the text with your palm every single time. The FELEF caters to a relatively small group of people but solves a large problem for them.
Created as a simple extension of the pen's cylindrical design, the Felef helps offset your writing instrument, maintaining a safe distance between your palm and your pen's nib. By putting the palm below the nib rather than beside it, the FELEF makes sure your palm's always resting against the blank paper, preventing any accidental smudges.
The FELEF works with any pen, simply fastening to it using a tightening screw. Its organic design offers a more comfortable gripping experience and the fact that it is ambidextrous means you can use it with your right hand too, especially if you find your hand cramping, or if you're working with text that's written from right to left!
Designers: Aakash Dolas, Shruthi Iyer & Tanay Dhongade.


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Did Newton stole the concept of gravity from Indians?
Let's talk about the Facts first and opinion later.
FACTS about gravity
 1. Newton(1642 -1726/27) gave the theory of gravity around 1700s
 2. Vaisheshika darshan is at least 2300 years old(according to western claims), much older according to Indian traditional claims.
 3. Establishing of Jesuit missions in India between 1500 – 1800, the most famous among them was Madurai mission which established colleges and started translations.
FACTS about calculus
 1. Bhāskara II (c. 1114–1185), had started working with basic calculus
 2. Mādhava of Sangamagrāma (1340 – 1425) took it further and worked with many infinite series.
 3. Newton & Leibnitz discovered calculus in 17th century
Opinion
Gravity may have been independently discovered by Newton but Indians knew about it much earlier than Newton. Surely, Newton was a beneficiary of all the translation works by Jesuit missionaries in India.
After establishing these facts, now we can offer some opinion that it takes a long tradition of knowledge to discover things which are very complex. The number system of Brahmagupta reached Europe only in 13th century.
But Christian Europe took about 300 years to accept it. Now how can anyone start working with calculus without clear understanding of numerical system? These are some of the questions to be answered.
Mr C.K Raju has done a lot of research in this area. So you must refer to some of his talks or books.


text:
Date: Feb 24, 2013 9:56 AM
Author: William Hughes
Subject: Re: Matheology § 222 Back to the roots
So, when WM says that a natural number m does not
exist, he may mean that you can prove it exists
but you cannot find it.
Suppose that P is a predicate such that
for every natural number m, P(m) is true.
Let x be a natural number such that
P(x) is false. According to WM you cannot
prove that x does not exist. (WM
rejects the obvious proof by contradiction:
Assume a natural number, x, such that P(x)
is false exists.
call it k
Then P(k) is both true and false.
Contradiction, Thus the original assumption
is false and no natural number, x, such
that P(x) is false exists)
We will say that x is an unfindable natural
It is interesting to note that WM agrees with
the usual results if you insert the term findable.
There is no findable last element of the potentially
infinite set |N.
There is no findable index to a line of L that
There is no ball with a findable index in the vase.
It does not really matter if nonfindable natural
numbers exist or not. They have no effect.
I suggest we give WM a teddy bear marked unfindable.


text:
On 23 June 2013, South Africa served a notice of termination in respect of its BIT with Spain, thus ensuring that the investment treaty will terminate on 23 December 2013. Pursuant to Article XII of the BIT, the treaty entered into force for a period of 10 years from 23 December 1999, and thereafter for consecutive 2 year periods, unless terminated by 6 months' notice before the date of expiry.
Investments made or acquired prior to 23 December 2013 will, however, continue to benefit from protection until 23 December 2023, by virtue of the survival clause in the BIT.
Those wishing to invest in South Africa should include contractual investment protection mechanisms, consider carefully how their investment is structured, and keep appraised of developments further to South Africa's redistributive Black Economic Empowerment policy.
In 2007, investors from Luxembourg and Italy investor brought a claim against South Africa under the ICSID additional facility rules, arguing that South Africa's Mining and Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA) contained provisions that expropriated their mineral rights. The MPRDA forms part of South Africa's Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) Policy (an affirmative action policy), and requires, among other things, equity in mining companies to be partly owned by 'Historically Disadvantaged Persons'. In 2010, the parties settled the claim, and in the immediate aftermath of the settlement, South Africa launched its review of its BITs. Concluding that BITs 'pose risks and limitations on the ability of the government to pursue its constitutional-based transformation agenda', South Africa terminated its BIT with Belgium and Luxembourg.
The South African cabinet decided that all 'first generation' BITs (those concluded in the immediate post-apartheid period) should be reviewed with a view to termination. The South African Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) has raised concerns about investor-state arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism, and has mooted the formulation of a new model BIT without such provisions.
The South African Trade and Industry Minister has stated that South Africa will continue to protect foreign investment, but will do so through a legislative framework rather than through 'old-style, dated, antiquated bilateral investment treaties'. The international reaction to this has been tepid, with EU trade commissioner Karel de Gucht stating: 'Investors are watching developments very carefully. It only takes a critical mass of measures before investors decide to defer investments in South Africa.' Canada, which has attempted to strengthen its African trade ties, has likewise reacted unfavourably, with the minister for international trade describing the move as 'very disappointing'.
Investors may consider that South Africa's stance towards BITs reflects a desire to advance its broad-based BEE policy. The redistributive aspects of this policy could be incompatible with the expropriation and fair and equitable treatment provisions in most BITs. It is likely that South Africa is adopting a targeted approach to its termination of BITs. Publically available information suggests that it has not yet sought to terminate any other BITs, even where it is entitled to do so. However, as is good practice investors should consider various methods of protecting their investments. These include:
- The conclusion of a well drafted investment agreement with the government, incorporating stabilisation clauses and effective dispute resolution provisions;
- The selection of an appropriate JV partner;
- Choosing an appropriate investment structure;
- Keeping fully appraised of the political drive for redistributive BEE policies.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Croton is an extensive flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. The plants of this genus were described and introduced to Europeans by Georg Eberhard Rumphius. The common names for this genus are rushfoil and croton, but the latter also refers to Codiaeum variegatum.
Sunlight: Full Sunlight to partial sunlight
Water: Croton should be thoroughly watered by soaking or drenching the entire root system with water when the top 1 inch of soil is dry. Leaves can be wiped to keep them glossy.
Fertiliser: Keep plant in top form by feeding the plants every few weeks with a dilute solution of liquid fertiliser or sprinkling solid fertiliser over the soil.
Plant size: Approx. 55cm (vary in sizes)
Rootball size: 17cmØ x 17cmH
Pot type: Brown landscape pot with drainage hole
*Product photo shown is for reference only. Actual plant colour, type, size and arrangement may differ from photo.
*Kindly take note when you're purchasing matching pot, the diameter has to be larger than the rootball size.
Soil for Croton
Croton should be grown in fertilised potting mix. Make or buy a fertilised mix which consist of coco peat moss or coconut fibre (coir), vermiculite or perlite, compost and other ingredients. A lightweight soil for Croton needs to provide good drainage, hold moisture, and give roots room to grow.
All plants depend on light for their survival, and making sure your Croton get the right amount of light is key to keeping them happy. For both indoor and outdoor containers, group plants with similar light requirements. Don't mix shade lovers with sun lovers in a single pot; one or both of them will be unhappy, depending on where you place the pot


i. Agency basics for IT contractors – CV sending
IT contractors often ask how many agencies they should send their CV 'on spec' to. Should the jobbing IT contractor decide by estimating how many CV and recruitment agents they can keep track of and manage? Or as today's market for freelance IT contracts tightens, with competition for contracts intensifying, is a'scattergun' approach to as many agents as possible the recommended course?
The answer to these questions tends to be very much a personal decision based on a lot of individual preferences and assumptions about how things work.
Key factors tend to be:
1. Perception of supply/demand for my skills - what's the contract market demand v. competition of the same skills?
2. Geographic range - where are you willing to work?
3. Specialist agencies - some agencies are THE only ones you should be with in your specified skill or client area.
4. Location Agencies - some agencies are THE only ones you should work with in that geographic area.
5. Rates - some agencies are deemed to charge higher margins.
6. Preferred/Secondary suppliers - some agencies are better placed because of being preferred suppliers in certain locations.
As a consequence of assessing these factors, an IT contractor will either:
1. Blitz their CV to as many agencies as possible, using one of the CV distribution websites.
2. Make a short list of agencies from jobs research/word of mouth - and hit them.
What some don't realise is that blitzing can come back to haunt them, for two main reasons:
1. When a client receives a duplicate CV (i.e. your CV submitted from two or more agencies) they tend to go straight in the bin, as the client doesn't wish to get involved in a tussle between agencies.
2. The contractor may get besieged with telephone calls and emails.
Needless to say, as someone who has used both approaches, they can each have their place, depending on your situation.
For a newcomer, I would suggest starting with the shortlist/agent relationship approach. Follow this, and you can refine your CV, learn about the market, get some interviews under their belt and all being well; secure that first contract.
Suggested strategy for a newcomer to IT contracting:
1. Do your research and find a handful of agencies that know your skill area well.
2. Ideally they will be Preferred Suppliers in the big "contractor employer" businesses.
3. Spend the time building a good relationship with the agents, so that you 'come to mind' as available when a matching job arrives.
Benefits of good relations with an agency:
1. CV Feedback
- CV structure
- gaps, economical truth, insufficient detail
- buzz words
- having a clear and focussed CV
2. Client Feedback
- reasons for not getting the interview
- unspoken reasons for the above
- potential CV 'put-offs' for client
- potential CV "attractors" for client
3. Interview brief
- likely interviewer/s
- typical interview structure e.g. formal + technical
- heads-up on possible technical exam
- client culture (so you know what to expect, from mentality to dress code)
I would suggest that the newcomer sets their goal, not to "get a contract" in the beginning, but to bridge to that rapidly, with the following goals:
1. Build agency shortlist.
2. Submit CVs and contact agents to discuss - beginning of agent relationship.
3. Aim for X number of CV submissions to client.
4. Aim for Y number of interviews.
Then, use the feedback you get from your experiences to incorporate into your approach.
With those goals as guides, the contracts will come.
- Listen and learn as you go.
- Adapt and evolve your CV and interview approach.
- Build good relationships with agents.


text:
So Concrete Builds a Sustainable Transit Stop in Prague
Employing robotic fabrication and a super-strong mix of the material it's titled after, So Concrete has built a sturdy and sustainable transit stop in Prague.
After being awarded a commission by the city of Prague to design the Výstaviště tram stop from 3-D printed ultra-high-performance concrete, local multidisciplinary studio So Concrete enhanced an initial AI rendering with a 1:50 scale model of the structure's canopy.
How So Concrete Built a Sustainable Tram Stop
In conjunction with engineering consultant Stráský, Hustý, a more detailed rendering was made with Rhinoceros.
Another rendering examines the three columns supporting the canopy and bench to determine the least amount of steel needed, thereby reducing the project's energy use.
Trajectories of a six-axis robotic arm were mapped out before the 3-D printing process, which resulted in a compression strength five times that of regular concrete.
A material specialist at So Concrete prepared the UHPC, modified to ensure optimal printing for the canopy and bench, which were both printed in six pieces before being assembled on-site.
- 10 engineers, designers, concrete technologists, and robot operators led by robotic engineer Dimitry Nikitin and designer Záviš Unzeitig
- 36 hours to 3-D print the basic structure
- 26 foot canopy length
- 15 days of installation
- 60% of comparable material saved
The base of the tram stop, which is located in the art-centric Prague 7 district, is UHPC that has been robotically milled with graceful arches.
Panels of laser-etched Plexiglas form the backrest for the bench and cap the 9-foot-high canopy, both of which are made of tinted, 3-D printed UHPC that's been robotically cut.
Furthering the project's sustainability, electronic displays showing timetables for the city's 38 tram routes are solar-powered, all helping to encourage the use of public transportation instead of cars.
Through Adaptive Reuse, Studio Alexander Fehre Turns Two Buildings into a New Facility in Germany
Studio Alexander Fehre turns two buildings into a playful special-projects facility at the Bosch Engineering headquarters in Germany.
Rockwell Group Earns a Best of Year Award for the Moynihan Train Hall in New York
2021 Best of Year winner for Transportation – Small. Rockwell Group designed a ticketed waiting area for Amtrak and Long Island Railroad customers that brings the glamour back to travel.
The Bor̆islavka Center by Aulík Fišer Architekti Reflects Prague's History
The dramatically faceted glass facades of the Borislavka Center by Aulík Fišer Architekti reflect Prague, old and new.
Experience Damascus Room at the L.A. County Museum of Art
Damascus Room, an 18th-century, 300-square-foot chamber imported from Syria, debuts as an installation at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
View a Towering Installation in Spain Made of Silk
Years of research into the structural potential of standard textiles transformed silk into a towering installation in Spain by Paloma Cañizares Office.
10 Questions With… IIDA's Ronnie Belizaire
Ronnie Belizaire, president of IIDA's 2023-2024 Board of Directors, discusses her career journey and IIDA's role in advocating for workplace equity.


401 Unauthorized
401 unauthorized is received when a web server that is hosting the website that the user is performing the inquiry on is sent an HTTP information stream. The receiving client which is the web browser in this case has sent the request, yet failed to provide any authorization tests put before the request in order to allow the resource attempted access on.
This 401 unauthorized error is better known as basic HTTP authorization. The form of HTTP authorization is what is expected of the client side server as placed in the authenticate portion of the header field in the WWW area.
The 401 unauthorized error code is best described as a situation when you are attempting to login to a website such as a bank account website or email website, where you have to enter a username and password to authenticate past the core landing page. Most of the time the 401 error code is displayed when these login credentials have been entered incorrectly unless otherwise customized by the website owner. This same error code can be displayed not only with incorrect credentials, but also if the user account has been suspended by the system administrator can display the 401 unauthorized.
401 Unauthorized Display:
 - 401: Unauthorized
 - HTTP Error 401 – Unauthorized
401 Http Error Code


Documentation forPapertrail
Unix and BSD text log files (remote_syslog2)
Configure centralized logging from text log files in Unix with remote_syslog2. Use remote_syslog2 to aggregate logs from any text file, like app log files, in Unix and BSD.
Why remote_syslog2
To send log files to Papertrail from applications and daemons that don't support syslog, run Papertrail's tiny standalone remote_syslog2 daemon. It tracks one or more log files and sends new entries to Papertrail in realtime.
remote_syslog2 works for any text log files, has no impact to or reliance on the system syslog daemon or its logging configuration, is easy to set up, and forwards logs directly to Papertrail. No adjustments to syslog.conf, rsyslog.conf, or syslog-ng.conf are required.
Some applications that typically log to text files, such as MySQL, Apache, and Tomcat (log4j), have internal support for logging directly to syslog. For apps like these, either their internal syslog or remote_syslog2 can be used to send logs to Papertrail.
Setup
Automated (Configuration Management)
remote_syslog2 can be deployed and configured with configuration management tools. Papertrail provides official support for Chef, Puppet, and Salt:
These configuration management modules only configure and deploy remote_syslog2. To configure and manage the system's syslog daemon configuration, see Configuring remote syslog from Unix/Linux and BSD/macOS.
Manual
Install remote_syslog2
Download the current release. To extract it and copy the binary into a system path, run:
Copy
$ tar xzf ./remote_syslog*.tar.gz
$ cd remote_syslog
$ sudo cp ./remote_syslog /usr/local/bin
RPM and Debian packages are also available.
Configure
Paths to log file(s) can be specified on the command-line, or save log_files.yml.example as /etc/log_files.yml. Edit it to define:
 - the path to this app's log file, and any other log file(s) to watch.
 - the destination host and port provided under log destinations. If no destination port was provided, set host to logs.papertrailapp.com and remove the port config line to use the default port (514).
Start
Start the daemon:
Copy
$ sudo remote_syslog
Logs should appear in Papertrail within a few seconds of being written to the on-disk log file. Problem? See Troubleshooting.
remote_syslog requires read permission on the log files it is monitoring.
Auto-start
remote_syslog2 can be automated to start at boot using init scripts (examples) or your preferred daemon invocation method, such as monit or god. See remote_syslog --help or the full README on GitHub.
Troubleshooting
remote_syslog2 is daemonized as remote_syslog. When you're looking for the process, look for remote_syslog (not remote_syslog2).
The system rebooted and remote_syslog didn't start
Install an init file.
Logs not appearing?
Please feel free to contact us, either instead of following these instructions or while trying them. We enjoy helping, and these steps are only here if they let you save time by troubleshooting independently.
There are a few reasons remote_syslog might not be sending logs.
Is remote_syslog running?
Check with ps auxww | grep [r]emote_syslog. Exactly one process should be shown, like this:
Copy
root 24501 0.0 0.4 13952 8864 ? S Mar01 2:45 remote_syslog
Does it have the correct access permissions?
In the example above, the process is running as user root. If a user other than root is shown, does that user running remote_syslog have permission to write to /var/run/? /var/run/ is the default location for PID files (background).
If remote_syslog isn't already running as root, try running it as root to test (such as with sudo), or specify an alternate location for the PID file (such as with remote_syslog --pid-file=/tmp/some.pid).
Did it stop running?
If remote_syslog starts but subsequently stops running, try leaving it attached to the terminal (rather than daemonizing) using remote_syslog -D.
Is it able to connect and find the log files?
If remote_syslog is running, try stopping it and restarting it manually in the foreground, logging at DEBUG level, with:
Copy
$ remote_syslog -D --log="<root>=DEBUG"
After it starts, it'll print detailed logs about its activity to the terminal. If it's unable to connect, check Troubleshooting reachability. If it's unable to forward one or more of the log files, (for example, if it prints Cannot forward filename.log, it may not exist), check the filenames and permissions.
After the initial message Forwarding file: filename.log, it's normal for remote_syslog to print Skipping filename.log because it is already running on subsequent checks of the currently watched files.
Are the log files being updated?
remote_syslog only reads new additions to the log files after it was started. If there's no new activity, no logs will appear in Papertrail. To check whether a file is active, run:
Copy
$ tail -Fn0 filename.log
to watch for new lines coming in; this is very similar to what remote_syslog2 does. To verify that new lines would be sent once added, try:
Copy
$ echo "Papertrail test line" >> filename.log
If that line appears, any new lines added to the log will also appear in Papertrail.
Is it running, but suddenly stopped sending data?
…perhaps across many systems at the same time? This could be a firewall policy change or log rotation. However, remote_syslog plays well with all common log rotation systems (with no changes to the configuration of either), so we'd like to hear about this problem.
Is remote_syslog monitoring log files that are stored on an NFS share?
If so, enable polling via the --poll switch.
Detailed troubleshooting
The next step is to see what's actually being sent (with tcpdump), or what remote_syslog is actually doing, typically with strace:
Copy
$ strace -tt -s 500 -fp 12345
…where 12345 is the process ID of remote_syslog, obtained from the second column of ps auxww. This will output every call that it makes. We suggest sending the strace output to a file:
Copy
$ strace -tt -s 500 -fp 12345 -o strace.log
Feel free to send the strace.log file to us via _EMAIL_. We'll look for a few things. Did the OS notify remote_syslog of writes to the log files? Did remote_syslog call sendto() (UDP) or connect() and send() (TCP) to try sending the message? What happened?
Extra
See other options with:
Copy
$ remote_syslog --help
See also Troubleshooting reachability.
Question?
Can we help? Just ask.
The scripts are not supported under any SolarWinds support program or service. The scripts are provided AS IS without warranty of any kind. SolarWinds further disclaims all warranties including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. The risk arising out of the use or performance of the scripts and documentation stays with you. In no event shall SolarWinds or anyone else involved in the creation, production, or delivery of the scripts be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or other pecuniary loss) arising out of the use of or inability to use the scripts or documentation.


text:
Wet and dry sulphur deposition patterns over Europe for the period 13.12.73-29.3.74
MetadataVis full innførsel
- LRTAP (_PHONE_)
On days with precipitation, a relation is established between mean SO4-concentrations measured in precipitation at some LRTAP-stations and mean SO2-concentrations, calculated with an one-layer Lagrangian dispersion model. The time period on which this relation is based is 107 days, 13th December, 1973 to 29th March, 1974. Using this relation, together with model calculations and the amount of precipitation analysed as fields every 12 hours, we have estimated the wet deposition field of SO4 over Europe for the period. Estimating the dry deposition field of SO2 by the same methode as in ref. (1), and assuming the dry deposition of sulphate particles to be small, we have added dry deposition of SO2 and wet deposition of SO4 to give the calculated total deposition of sulphur. We have compared these estimates with the emissions.


text:
The BRIT SEED School® is the 2012 Community Outreach Award Recipient presented by REAL School Gardens
The BRIT SEED School is the first non-school organization to be honored with the award
FORT WORTH, Texas (May 23, 2012) – The Botanical Research Institute of Texas (BRIT) announced today that its teacher education program, The BRIT SEED School (TBSS), is the 2012 Community Outreach Award recipient presented by REAL School Gardens, the Fort Worth garden-based education organization. The award is presented annually to school partners who extend teaching, learning, and service beyond the walls of the school and engage individuals and organizations from the community in project-based learning.
Presentation of the award occurred Thursday, May 10, 2012, during the REAL School Gardens' REAL People Community-Building Event held at Holiday Heights Elementary School. The award was in recognition of the successful BRIT-developed Messy Science program which provided over 1,100 public school students the opportunity to interact with BRIT scientists and educators while experiencing an inquiry-based lesson about farming, soils, and the nature of science. This lesson was designed to support the Smart Potatoes program developed by the educators of REAL School Gardens in an effort to encourage children to grow their own food and give back to their communities.
Students in the Messy Science program are guided by scientists in making observations and predictions, assessing soil health for agriculture, designing potential investigations by asking their own questions, and discovering the importance of the plants their lives. In addition, they engage in inquiry through dialogue, journaling, and experiential learning while exposed to the field of botany.
"The creativity and learning elements designed into the Messy Science program is indicative of the talented and knowledgeable staff The BRIT SEED School employs," says Dr. Amanda Stone Norton, director, The BRIT Seed School. "Messy Science complements and enhances the Smart Potatoes program by providing experiential learning, which oftentimes serves as a catalyst for knowledge-building and long-term subject interest in children."
"The BRIT SEED School staff have given students at our partner schools a rich opportunity to become scientists, and they have demonstrated, for teachers, new ways to use their learning gardens as outdoor classrooms," says Jeanne McCarty, executive director, REAL School Gardens. "We value BRIT's knowledge and expertise, and we know our impact is deepened through collaborative efforts like this one."


text:
- Explore lowest airfares by destinations worldwide
- Find the cheapest month or filter by route or month
- Prices shown found on Skyscanner in last 8 days
Tonga climate guide
Read our complete guide to the climate in Tonga.
|Maximum daytime temperature °C|
|Days with some rainfall|
|Sea temperature °C|
Below are average maximum temperatures at popular destinations in Tonga for next month - December. Select a destination to see the climate guide for all months of the year.
Recommended for Tonga
The climate guide for Tonga (Nuku'alofa) shows long term monthly weather averages processed from data supplied by CRU (University of East Anglia), the Met Office & the Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Find out more about our data sources.
Metric (°C / mm) | Imperial (°F / inches)
Tonga climate overview
The Kingdom of Tonga is a South Pacific archipelago lying to the east of Fiji, made up of 172 tropical islands. Named 'the Friendly Isles' by Captain Cook, Tonga has the distinction of being the only island group in the South Pacific never to have been colonised, although it became a British Protectorate in 1900. Today its people still follow a traditional lifestyle and their respect for time-honoured customs has helped Tonga retain its distinctive character as one of the most intact cultures of old Polynesia.
The islands have a mixture of volcanic and raised coral origins, resulting in widely varying geography and vegetation. In the north the Niuas and Vava'u island groups are generally more mountainous supporting dense woodland. However most of the islands, particularly in the south, consist of low-lying coral formations. About two thirds of the population live on Tongatapu where the capital Nuku'alofa backs onto a large lagoon.
A number of islands are volcanically active including Falcon Island, a rare submerged volcano that periodically erupts underwater. Beautiful beaches and coral reefs also fringe most islands, while on Late and Tofua there are still some areas of high diversity native forest still standing.
The climate is tropical with rainfall in all months becoming heaviest during February and March. This is also the hottest time of the year although, with fairly constant south-east trade winds and its relatively southern location, Tonga is not as hot as Fiji and Samoa. From April to October there is a cooler drier period when it is also likely to be sunnier.
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text:
Blitz3D Docs -> 2D - Category -> File -> OpenFile
Parameters:filename$ = any valid path and filename. The returned value is the filehandle which is used by other file handling commands.
Description:This command opens the designated file and prepares it to be updated. The file must exists since this function will not create a new file.
By using FilePos and SeekFile the position within the file that is being read or written can be determined and also changed. This allows a file to be read and updated without having to make a new copy of the file or working through the whole file sequentially. This could be useful if you have created a database file and you want to find and update just a few records within it.
The file handle that is returned is an integer value that the operating system uses to identify which file is to be read and written to and must be passed to the functions such as ReadInt() and WriteInt().
Note extreme care needs to be exercised when updating files that contain strings since these are not fixed in length.
See also: ReadFile, WriteFile, CloseFile, SeekFile.
; Changing part of a file using OpenFile, SeekFile and WriteInt ; Open/create a file to Write fileout = WriteFile("mydata.dat") ; Write the information to the file WriteInt( fileout, 1 ) WriteInt( fileout, 2 ) WriteInt( fileout, 3 ) WriteInt( fileout, 4 ) WriteInt( fileout, 5 ) ; Close the file CloseFile( fileout ) DisplayFile( "The file as originally written", "mydata.dat" ) ; Open the file and change the Third Integer file = OpenFile("mydata.dat") SeekFile( file, 8 ) ; Move to the third integer in the file WriteInt( file, 9999 ) ; Replace the original value with 9999 CloseFile( file ) DisplayFile( "The file after being midified", "mydata.dat" ) WaitKey() ; **** Function Definitions follow **** ; Read the file and print it Function DisplayFile( Tittle$, Filename$ ) Print tittle$ filein = ReadFile( Filename$ ) While Not Eof( filein ) Number = ReadInt( filein ) Print Number Wend CloseFile( filein ) Print End Function
| On OpenFile, it's very important to realize that it opens a file in as well read, as write mode. Therefore it will not work (and thus return 0) when you use it on files from a read-only environment (like CD-ROMS for example).|
If you are going to write a CD-ROM game, then your installer will require to install all files you are about to open with the OpenFile command on your harddrive. All files that are read by "ReadFile" or "LoadImage" or whatever, anything other than "OpenFile" should be loaded fine.
Blitz3D Manual Forum
BlitzPlus Equivalent Command


Skagit Valley College logo
Catalog Course Search Details
 Course Title: Suspension, Steering and Alignment
 Title Abbreviation: SUSPENSION/STEER/ALIGN
 Department: AT
 Course #: 131
 Credits: 6
 Variable: No
 IUs: 8
 CIP: 470604
 EPC: 712
 REV: 2014
 Course Description
Operation, diagnosis and repair of suspension and steering systems including wheel balance and alignment. Scope of course will cover a variety of front and rear suspension types.
Prerequisite or concurrent enrollment: AT 100 or 107, AT 121, AT 133 and MATH 96.
Additional Course Details
Contact Hours (based on 11 week quarter)
Lecture: 22
Lab: 88
Other: 0
Systems: 0
Clinical: 0
Intent: Distribution Requirement(s) Status:
Vocational Preparatory Required for ATA degree, Required for certificate
Equivalencies At Other Institutions
Other Institution Equivalencies Table
Institution Course # Remarks
Learning Outcomes
After completing this course, the student will be able to:
 1. Understand the operation of the shop, employee and employer responsibilities.
 2. Understand safety and the hazards of the automotive industry, lifting, fire, hazardous waste, and how to react to them.
 3. Understand wheel bearings, their function, and how to successfully service them.
 4. Understand the construction of tires and explain how to identify the proper tire for the vehicle. Understand plys, belts and treads.
 5. Understand the design and operation of shock absorbers and MacPherson struts.
 6. Understand the different types of suspension systems. Understand how to service the following systems: Coil springs, torsion bar, multiple leaf springs, ball joints, I-beam, MacPherson strut, long/short arm, and equal length arms.
 7. Identify the following rear suspension systems: Independent type, leaf-spring type and multi-link type. Explain the service needed to keep them working properly.
 8. Have a basic understanding of computer-controlled components of the vehicles and service procedures.
 9. Understand the purpose, design and operation of power steering pumps and function of drive belts.
 10. Understand and explain how a recirculating ball steering gear functions. Also understand both manual and power steering gears.
 11. Understand the operation and service of a rack and pinion-type steering gear. Identify different types and make necessary adjustments.
 12. Understand the operation and service of four-wheel steering systems. Identify the operation at both lower and higher speeds. Understand parking ability.
 13. Understand and identify the different types of frames and their service.
 14. Understand camber and caster and how to adjust them on all vehicles.
 15. Understand steering axis and toe-in. Explain how to service the steering axis and how to check and service the toe-in or toe-out.
 16. Understand the need for a computerized alignment on your car. Understand the different angles of alignment and how to adjust them.
General Education Learning Values & Outcomes
2. Critical Thinking
Outcomes: Students will be able to...
3. Communication
Outcomes: Students will be able to...
6. Individual Awareness & Responsibility
Outcomes: Students will be able to...
10. Technology
Outcomes: Students will be able to...
Course Contents
 1. Suspension and steering types.
 2. Wheels, tires, and balancing.
 3. Suspension and steering inspection and component service.
 4. Wheel alignment.
 5. Axle and driveshaft service.
 6. Shock absorber and MacPhearson strut service.
 7. Power steering/hydraulic system service.
 8. Vibration diagnosis.


Selected works by Fitz Henry Lane
Fitz Henry Lane
1804 - 1865
Fitz Henry Lane, also known as Fitz Hugh Lane, was a Cape Ann artist, printmaker and world-renowned American marine painter. With his subtle use of gleaming light, Lane is generally regarded as one of the finest 19th century practitioners of a style known as Luminism.
The Cape Ann Museum's unparalleled collection of Fitz Henry Lane includes 40 paintings, a rare watercolor (his first known work, painted in 1830) and 100 drawings, plus lithographic town views (all three that he did of Gloucester). The archives also include an extensive collection of Lane's letters.


text:
Definition of Lycopodium selago
1. Noun. Of northern Europe and America; resembling a miniature fir.
Generic synonyms: Club Moss, Club-moss, Lycopod
Lycopodium Selago Pictures
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Lycopodium Selago Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Lycopodium Selago
Literary usage of Lycopodium selago
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Rhodora by New England Botanical Club (1905)
"A CONNECTICUT STATION FOR Lycopodium selago.—In the Gray Herbarium I find a small but well fruited and unmistakable specimen of Lycopodium selago, L.,..."
2. The British Ferns: Or, Coloured Figures and Descriptions, with the Needful...by William Jackson Hooker by William Jackson Hooker (1861)
"LYCOPODIUM Selago; stems four to six inches high, rooting at the base, rigid,... LYCOPODIUM Selago. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1665. Sw. Syn. Fil. p. 176. Willd...."
3. Organography of Plants, Especially of the Archegoniata and Spermaphyta by Karl Goebel, Isaac Bayley Balfour (1905)
"This takes place npt infrequently in Lycopodium selago.... They have, like the prothallus of Lycopodium selago, paraphyses, and produce remarkable gemmae..."
4. An Analysis of the British Ferns and Their Allies by George William Francis (1851)
"Lycopodium selago of other botanists. FIG.—EB 233.—Flo. Dan. Wi.—Dill. Mws. t. 56, f. 1. DBS.—Root tufted, fibrous. Stems 2 to 6 inches high, growing quite..."
Other Resources Relating to: Lycopodium selago


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Parkour, which is the art of safely and efficiently moving through urban terrain, has gained popularity over the years. Parkour, which has its roots in France, has taken on a new life in NYC where its practitioners use the city as their playground. A gym that specializes is necessary to become a proficient parkour athlete. Parkour gyms in NYC are here to help.
This guide will cover all you need to know about NYC's parkour gyms. We will discuss the history of parkour, the benefits of training in it, and what you should look for in a gym. Finally, we will provide a complete list of NYC parkour gyms that you should check out. Let's get started!
What is Parkour?
Before we get into the NYC parkour gyms, let's first define parkour. Parkour is a discipline that trains athletes to move their bodies through their environment and overcome obstacles. It also helps them develop stability and agility.
Parkour requires physical fitness, agility and coordination as well as body control. Parkour involves running, jumping, vaulting and climbing. These movements are used by athletes to navigate through urban landscapes and overcome obstacles such as walls, railings, or stairs.
What are the benefits of parkour training?
Parkour training offers many benefits for athletes and anyone who wants to keep fit and healthy. These are just a few benefits of parkour training.
- Strength & Power: Parkour training includes a variety of upper- and lower-body movements that help build strength and power. Parkour requires a lot of core strength. It is a great workout for your abs.
- Agility – agility is the ability to change directions quickly and is an essential part of parkour training. Parkour requires athletes to be able to move at high speeds through their environment. Agility can help you improve your reaction time and coordination. This can be a benefit in any sport or activity.
- Endurance: Training in parkour is a great way to increase your endurance. Parkour requires a lot of energy, stamina, and can help you perform better for longer periods.
- Creative Problem Solving: Parkour demands quick thinking and problem solving skills. Athletes need to be able analyze their environment and find the best way to navigate it. This can help you develop creative thinking skills that can be used in other areas of your daily life.
What should you look for in a Parkour Gym
Let's now discuss the benefits of parkour training.
- Training and Coaching: The quality of training or coaching is what you should be looking for when choosing a parkour studio. A coach or trainer who is competent will help you navigate through obstacles safely and effectively.
- Safety Standards: Safety is a top priority in any parkour gym. Make sure the gym has adequate safety measures like padding, mats, or other protective equipment.
- Location: It is important to consider the location of your gym. You should look for gyms that are located in safe areas and have easy access to public transportation.
- A Variety of Obstacles. Parkour requires that you train on a variety of obstacles. Therefore, a good gym should have a variety of obstacles that can be used to simulate real-life situations.
- Class Size Less class sizes mean more personal attention from trainers and coaches. To ensure proper instruction, look for gyms that limit class sizes.
The Best Parkour Gyms In NYC
Now that you are familiar with what to look for when looking for a parkour studio, let's take an in-depth look at the top parkour studios in NYC.
- Brooklyn Zoo: Brooklyn Zoo, the most renowned parkour gym in NYC is Brooklyn Zoo. There are many obstacles at the gym, including a huge foam pit, bouldering wall and a ninja fighter course. You can either drop in for one class or sign up to a membership. Classes are offered seven days per week.
- The Movement Creative The Movement Creative is an urban parkour gym that emphasizes creativity as well as functional movement. The gym has a variety of obstacles including rails, walls, and pits for both beginners as well as more experienced athletes.
- The Cliffs at Valhalla – The Cliffs at Valhalla offers a premier climbing gym and a world-class parkour program. The gym hosts a variety of events throughout the year and offers classes for both adults and children.
- Apex Movement NYC – Apex Movement NYC focuses on safety and proper technique. There are many classes offered at the gym, including a beginner's class that focuses solely on fundamental movements.
- Ninja Pass: Ninja Pass offers a variety of obstacles for children and adults. The gym features a trampoline court, a trampoline court, and a warping wall.
Parkour is both an art and a sport. It requires dedication and hard work. Parkour gyms in NYC offer the perfect opportunity to sharpen your skills, increase strength and agility, as well as meet other parkour enthusiasts.
When choosing a parkour school, make sure you look for high-quality coaching, safety standards, as well as a variety of obstacles. Safety and proper technique should always be prioritized over speed and flashiness.
Now that you have a complete guide to the best NYC parkour gyms, it's time for you to get moving! Let's get moving!


Oscillatory Upsets Software
Oscillation Significance software identifies cycling problems in a plant and ranks them according to importance. The software uses a combination of statistical and frequency-domain information to calculate a single, meaningful measure of significance for each process parameter. Drill-down reporting ranks every process parameter in the plant by oscillation significance. Oscillation Detection software analyzes every process variable in a system, looking for patterns of cyclical behavior. It then identifies the source of oscillation to be valve problems, tuning, or load disturbances. Oscillation Significance further refines these assessments by using a combination of loop variability, oscillation detection, and percent of power by frequency. The resulting measure of oscillation detection can be ranked directly, or in combination with economic criteria. A list of process parameters ranked by oscillation significance is then displayed in a drill-down report. Performance Supervision software oversees the optimization of an entire plant.
Company Information


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Stepcraft 2 Assembly Manual - SC2-01
Before you Begin
Stepcraft produced a series of videos that go along with certain assembly steps in the manual to help better explain these steps, thus making assembly easier.
Parts Layout and Inventory
Before You Begin: Parts Layout and Inventory
Before you begin assembly of a STEPCRAFT CNC, we recommend that you inventory all the parts and lay them out on your work area to ensure that you are not missing anything. This will make the assembly go much smoother with less chance of errors.


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Online Lindy Hop Dance Lesson Pack: Texas Tommy: Beginner To Masters (4 lessons)
Title: Texas Tommy: Beginner to Masters
The Texas Tommy is a figure that many people learn early on in their dancing, and remains an important piece of their repertoire throughout their development. This lesson pack explores the wide range of options this versatile figure has to offer, from the simple to the very complex.
Dance genre: Lindy Hop


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Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Japan's funerals deep-rooted mix of ritual, form
Funerals in Japan incorporate a unique mixture of religion, tradition, culture, ritual and geography that to the outsider may appear perplexing.
Following are questions and answers about funerals in Japan and related activities:
Do funerals generally have a religious context?
With regard to rituals, most Japanese partake in a mixture of Shinto and Buddhism, with the latter customarily focused on funerals and the departed.
According to a Tokyo Metropolitan Government survey in fiscal 2001, 85 percent of 453 respondents said funerals they have participated in were Buddhist in nature, 4 percent were Shinto and 3 percent Christian. A further 4 percent said they have been involved in nonreligious funeral ceremonies.
How does a typical Buddhist funeral ceremony proceed?
The immediate family first keeps a night vigil, or wake, over the deceased on the day of death and generally holds the funeral the following day. Participants can attend either the wake or the funeral, or both.
During the wake and funeral services, participants who are not among the next of kin customarily offer money to the bereaved and burn incense to pray for the soul of the deceased at a temple or other venue where a monk chants sutras before an altar.
After the ceremony, the deceased is often carried in an ornate hearse to a crematorium.
After the cremation, the family and close friends use special chopsticks to collect bone fragments for a cinerary urn, which is traditionally placed in a family grave within 49 days after the funeral.
Rituals can vary, depending on the branch of Buddhism dealing with the deceased.
In recent years, ceremonies have generally tended to become simpler.
Why are rites performed at both the night wake and the funeral the following day?
They are different rituals.
The wake is the last occasion for the next of kin to spend time with the deceased, and the funeral is a ceremony of departure.
Wakes are believed to have originally been gatherings of pupils who talk all night about the lessons from the Buddha when he passed away. These days, relatives and friends stay all night in a lighted room with the deceased, at least as per the practice of the Jodo sect of Buddhism, according to its Web site.
Wakes are also nowadays more convenient for working people to attend than funerals.
Why do participants offer money to the next of kin, and what is the general amount?
It is customary for people to make a monetary offering to those holding ceremonies, including funerals, to ease the financial burden of such events.
The amount paid often depends on how close the contributor was to the deceased and how old the person is. When a colleague dies, the amount can range from ¥3,000 to ¥20,000. When parents and siblings die, family members may pay more.
Part of the custom also entails a return thank-you gift for the offering, in many cases a designer towel or dish.
What is the proper attire for attending a funeral and proper way to burn incense?
Basic black suits, dresses, ties and shoes are the norm, and accessories are kept to a minimum. Wearing gray clothing at a wake is acceptable because it is considered a gesture that the attendant felt the death was unexpected.
At many ceremonies, a tray is passed around with incense powder and a flame. The usual practice is for attendants to hold up a small amount of incense and then put it in the flame bowl, repeating the drill one or two more times, depending on the Buddhist sect.
What happens after funerals?
The next of kin and close friends traditionally hold memorial services on each seventh anniversary of the death up until the 49th, although not everyone strictly adheres to this. Similar services are even held one year, two years and six years after a death.
At a gathering at the home of the deceased or a close relative, a monk will chant sutras in front of the family Buddhist altar and then dinner follows.
Cleaning family grave plots on the anniversary of the death or during the weeks of the vernal and autumnal equinoxes are common, as well as during the Bon holiday in August, when people who do not live near their family graves have time off work to make the trip.
Why is cremation the norm here?
Cremation in Japan springs from Buddhist tradition. The practice is based on the legend that the Buddha's body was burned and his soul transmigrated, unlike the belief of Christians, Jews and Muslims in the Resurrection.
The first recorded cremation in Japan was in 700 and coincided with the arrival of Buddhism in the sixth century. But in the early years, only monks and high-ranking people were cremated because the wood to make the fires was too costly, according to the book "Sekai no Soso" ("World Funerals"), compiled by monk Kodo Matsunami.
The custom spread nationwide only after the war, because of the limited land in urban areas and for sanitary reasons.
Before and during the war, burials were the norm.
By fiscal 2007, cremation accounted for 99.8 percent of all those who died, according to the health ministry.
Big metropolitan areas, particularly Tokyo and Osaka, have local ordinances that require cremation for the sake of public health and because there is not enough land to allow burials.
Rural, remote areas aren't always so restrictive.
Do Japanese Christians seek to bury their dead like many of their Western counterparts, who believe the body is needed for resurrection to occur?
Cremation is the norm for Japanese Christians.
Citing the nation's regulations, the Rev. Tomeyuki Naito, general secretary of the United Church of Christ in Japan, said, "As for us, almost all are cremated."
Although Muslims here are few in number, they have a cemetery that accepts burials in Yamanashi Prefecture run by the Japan Muslim Association.
How much do funerals and related services cost?
The costs average ¥2.31 million, including ¥1.42 million for funeral-related fees and ¥401,000 for catering to attendants and ¥549,000 for monks, according to a survey published by Japan Consumers' Association in 2008.
But the costs depend on the size of the ceremony. Two out of the 314 respondents of the survey said they spent ¥200,000 to ¥300,000, the lowest amount, which another two shelled out more than ¥10 million, the highest.
Are all ceremonies expensive?
No, and the trend is to spend less.
"In recent years, we see the trend because many people become more practical and do not spend wastefully," Kamakura Shinsho, which publishes funeral-related dictionaries, says on its Web site.
An increasing number of funerals are held only by the next of kin. Some go for unconventional funerals and forgo the typical, and pricey, Buddhist trappings.
Some gatherings will play the favorite music of the deceased. Others may show photographs of the dead.
Even the family plot may no longer be the final resting place. Some people want their ashes scattered at sea or from an airplane.
Other Japanese have opted for much pricier excursions, having their remains sent into space, Kamakura Shinsho notes.


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cback-span(1) Kenneth J. Pronovici cback-span(1)
cback-span - Span staged data among multiple discs
cback-span [switches]
This is the Cedar Backup 2 span tool. It is intended for use by people who back up more data than can fit on a single disc. It allows a user to split (span) staged data between more than one disc. It can't be a Cedar Backup extension in the usual sense because it requires user input when switching media.
Generally, one can run the cback-span command with no arguments. This will start it using the default configuration file, the default log file, etc. You only need to use the switches if you need to change the default behavior.
This command takes most of its configuration from the Cedar Backup configuration file, specifically the store section. Then, more information is gathered from the user interactively while the command is running.
The main difference between Cedar Backup version 2 and Cedar Backup version 3 is the targeted Python interpreter. For most users, migration should be straightforward. See the discussion found at cback(1) or reference the Cedar Backup user guide.
-h, --help
Display usage/help listing.
-V, --version
Display version information.
-b, --verbose
Print verbose output to the screen as well writing to the logfile. When this option is enabled, most information that would normally be written to the logfile will also be written to the screen.
-c, --config
Specify the path to an alternate configuration file. The default configuration file is /etc/cback.conf.
-l, --logfile
Specify the path to an alternate logfile. The default logfile file is /var/log/cback.log.
-o, --owner
Specify the ownership of the logfile, in the form user:group. The default ownership is root:adm, to match the Debian standard for most logfiles. This value will only be used when creating a new logfile. If the logfile already exists when the cback script is executed, it will retain its existing ownership and mode. Only user and group names may be used, not numeric uid and gid values.
-m, --mode
Specify the permissions for the logfile, using the numeric mode as in chmod(1). The default mode is 640 (-rw-r-----). This value will only be used when creating a new logfile. If the logfile already exists when the cback script is executed, it will retain its existing ownership and mode.
-O, --output
Record some sub-command output to the logfile. When this option is enabled, all output from system commands will be logged. This might be useful for debugging or just for reference.
-d, --debug
Write debugging information to the logfile. This option produces a high volume of output, and would generally only be needed when debugging a problem. This option implies the --output option, as well.
-s, --stack
Dump a Python stack trace instead of swallowing exceptions. This forces Cedar Backup to dump the entire Python stack trace associated with an error, rather than just progating last message it received back up to the user interface. Under some circumstances, this is useful information to include along with a bug report.
-D, --diagnostics
Display runtime diagnostic information and then exit. This diagnostic information is often useful when filing a bug report.
This command returns 0 (zero) upon normal completion, and six other error codes related to particular errors.
The Python interpreter version is < 2.7.
Error processing command-line arguments.
Error configuring logging.
Error parsing indicated configuration file.
Backup was interrupted with a CTRL-C or similar.
Other error during processing.
Cedar Backup itself is designed to run as root, since otherwise it's difficult to back up system directories or write the CD or DVD device. However, cback-span can be run safely as any user that has read access to the Cedar Backup staging directories and write access to the CD or DVD device.
/etc/cback.conf - Default configuration file
/var/log/cback.log - Default log file
The project homepage is:
If you find a bug, please report it.
If possible, give me the output from --diagnostics, all of the error messages that the script printed into its log, and also any stack-traces (exceptions) that Python printed. It would be even better if you could tell me how to reproduce the problem, for instance by sending me your configuration file.
Report bugs to <> or by using the BitBucket issue tracker.
Written and maintained by Kenneth J. Pronovici <> with contributions from others.
Copyright (c) 2004-2011,2013-2015 Kenneth J. Pronovici.
July 2015 Cedar Backup 2


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ENM109 Research Skills Guide: Topic Analysis
Topic Analysis
A topic analysis will help you clarify and understand what your assessment question is asking you to do.
You will generally be given three key pieces of information:
 3. The task or instruction terms tell how you are to deal with the content. There is a list of explanations for common instruction words.
Let's say you have been given an assessment that involves reporting on a natural resource management issue in Australia.
For this example we have chosen the theme of (Australian) marine conservation
Provide an overview of your selected natural resource theme, and describe key management challenges, conservation issues and any other relevant historical dimensions
A topic analysis of this question might look like this:
Instruction words Provide an overview; Describe
Qualifying words & phrases Management challenges; conservation; historical dimensions
Key concepts Marine conservation in Australia
Here are some synonyms that might be used in searching. Note that using synonyms will broaden your search and increase the chances of retrieving information:
management challenges management, administration
historical dimensions history, past, background
"marine conservation" "marine parks"
In fact, the terms we have are probably quite good search terms, so here are some suggested searches:
 - "marine conservation" AND australia*
 - "marine conservation" AND australia* and manag*
 - "marine conservation" AND australia* AND manag* and issue*
 - "marine conservation" AND australia* AND histor*.
For more on search techniques, see the next page (Search techniques).
Topic Analysis
Find additional keywords
In the Oxford Reference search box below, enter some of the keywords you've identified from your assessment question and note down any alternate keywords that you find.
Find your definitions by searching Oxford Reference Online


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The Union government, on Monday, released a draft National Deep Tech Startup Policy (NDTSP) for public consultation.
According to a statement issued by the office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government on July 31, by fostering a favourable ecosystem for deep tech startups to thrive, the government aims to address the unique and complex challenges faced by these ventures.
The policy defines a deep tech startup as developing early-stage innovations based on scientific or technical breakthroughs — including emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, quantum, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), drones and augmented reality (AR) that must still be designed for commercial uses.
On July 7, 2022, the government recommended the creation of a National Consortium and a Working Group to propose a comprehensive policy framework to address the needs and strengthen the Indian deep tech startup ecosystem. The earlier two versions were iterated with senior officials at other government departments, academia and stakeholder firms and now draft policy is currently open for public feedback until September 15.
According to National Association of Software and Services Companies (Nasscom) president Debjani Ghosh, India's deep tech startups need higher seed and early stage funding to grow faster, as only 11% of technology-related funds reach this ecosystem.
Speaking at the 'Startups and Entrepreneurship: Vision India@2047', event, organised by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce, she said that there are a total of 25,000-plus tech startups in the country, but only 3,000 are related to deep tech that account for only 12%.
In fact, at a Startup summit organised by Dun & Bradstreet India in June 2023 in Bangalore, Prashanth Prakash, a founding partner of the US venture capital firm Accel Partners in India, also said that "deep tech startups have no real ecosystem in India".
Towards this end, the draft NDTSP comes up with a nine-point program aimed at creating a conducive ecosystem for the deep tech sector. It seeks to bolster research and development in deep tech start-ups, foster innovation and intellectual property system, ease financial access, enable infrastructure access and resource sharing, standards, and certifications, among other things.
The proposal also suggests a group called The Centre for Deep Tech Translation to regularly review the requirements of enabling the deep tech ecosystem to function better, like evaluate Indian research (publications, patents, etc.) and more.
Additionally, the policy also includes means to attract global talent, such as offering "networking opportunities to international deep tech startups and experts interested in relocating and contributing to the local ecosystem."
A report titled "Tracxn Geo Semi Annual Report: India Tech- H1 2023" by Tracxn, a SaaS-based market intelligence platform, published in June, showed that the overall Indian startup ecosystem saw a 72% ($19.7 billion) decline in funding during the first half of 2023 as compared to 2022 in the same period. A separate report by Tracxn showed that some of the deep tech innovations in India are attracting investments from venture capital (VC) and private equity (PE) firms. For instance, investments in companies offering AI-based models jumped nearly 10% in the calendar year 2022 to $5.03 billion in India.
Institutes like Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras have been promoting such innovations very aggressively. The institutes incubation centre created over 300 deep-tech startups in the past 12 years, 82% of which survive beyond the first five years, said Ashok Jhunjhunwala, president of IIT-M Research Park and Incubation Cell, and a professor at the institute said at the Mint Digital Innovation Summit on 9 June. He also informed that the total valuation of such startups incubated by the institute so far stands at $4.6 billion.


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Does tortellini have to be boiled?
1. Don't boil it! Toss refrigerated tortellini with a lot of sauce (the ratio should be 1 part ravioli to 2 parts sauce), then throw everything into a baking dish.
Can you eat tortellini raw?
Can you eat tortellini without cooking it? As with any uncooked food, there is a chance of cross contamination; the cheese can have listeria, the pork or beef e. Coli, the raw egg could have Salmonella. You take your chances eating it raw.
Why does tortellini float?
Only stuffed pasta like ravioli, tortellini, or mezzelune will float to the surface during cooking. This happens because the air inside them expands when heated, making the pasta noodles less dense than the water. When the noodles float, that doesn't necessarily mean that they're done.
Can you cook raw pasta in sauce?
You can cook pasta in the sauce, but you need to make sure that you're adding more liquid for the pasta to absorb. To do this, dilute the sauce until it covers the dry pasta, then continue to add more liquid whenever the pasta dries out.
Can you cook dry tortellini in sauce?
Dried "tortellini alla carne" (with meat) should be cooked in broth/stock or boiling salted water for 15 – 18 mins. My Sicilian brother in law recommends stock. With all pastas, you'll want to bring your water to a boil and then back off to a relative simmer before adding your pasta.
Is tortellini pre cooked?
Is tortellini already cooked? The filling is almost always precooked so it is not relevant unless you are pregnant. … The interior can be ham and that's fine, if you have a meat tortellini is a mixture of various types of meat such as pork and raw pork is not suitable.
Is tortellini always stuffed?
Traditionally they are stuffed with a mix of meat (pork loin, raw prosciutto, mortadella), Parmigiano Reggiano cheese, egg and nutmeg and served in capon broth (in brodo di cappone).
|The distinctive shape of tortellini|
|Alternative names||Belly button|
|Cookbook: Tortellini Media: Tortellini|
What happens if you overcook tortellini?
The starch can also be digested in a gradual manner, which prevents blood sugar spikes. Raw pasta is not easy to digest because the body's digestive enzymes cannot adhere to it, whereas overcooked pasta tends to form a sticky dough in the digestive tract, which blocks digestion.
Is tortellini safe for pregnancy?
If your ricotta cheese is made from pasteurized milk, there's no harm in including it in your diet during pregnancy.


Handfasting is an ancient ritual that embodies the qualities of a loving relationship: commitment, coming together and trust.
In its simplest form, two hands are bound together using cords or ribbons. Simple yet symbolic: a Handfasting can be at once deeply personal and universal in meaning.
Wild Handfasting
The roots of Handfasting lie in ancient Celtic tradition and are wild by nature; often occuring outdoors and fitting beautifully onto a natural backdrop.
They are perfect for anyone who does not feel connected to or welcomed by other marriage traditions. The simplicity of the action can resonate with a number of different faiths, beliefs and intentions.
They evoke a sense of history and connection to our ancient past. If you are planning a historical or fantasy themed wedding a Handfasting brings a sense of tradition that does not rely on a specific religion or time period.
A Handfasting can also be simple and uncomplicated. If you long for an understated and meaningful moment of marriage, handfasting can evoke a depth of emotion without endless words and props.
Wild Ways to Handfast…
1. A Pagan Handfasting
(for Pagans or those of a pagan persuasion)
Handfasting has become a popular alternative to a traditional wedding ceremony for Pagans. If you are Pagan and dreaming of a wedding ceremony that reflects your faith, your Handfasting can be tailored to reflect your personal path/tradition, including eclectic and solitary ones.
Your Handfasting can include…
Creating and blessing a sacred space within which to hold the rite
Invoking the Elements and/or any other energies/deities that resonate
Speaking vows, recieving blessings from one another or guests
The handfasting ritual
Other symbolic acts (e.g: jumping the broom, sharing a cup, making a toast)
Sharing of 'cake and wine'
Giving thanks and closing the sacred space
2. A Wild Handfasting
(for folks who are wild at heart)
An outdoor ceremony built around the central act of handfasting, that is not rooted in a particular belief system, but can include elements of spirituality if you wish. A Wild Handfasting might include:
Welcoming guests
Encouraging presence through a mindful awareness of place and intention
Making vows, recieving blessings or wishes
Exchanging rings
The handfasting
Other symbolic acts (e.g: candle lighting, sand ceremony, ring warming)
Proclimation of marriage
Confetti throwing
3. A handfasting Moment
(in another ceremony)
Handfasting (with a small 'h') can be used to symbolise commitment and coming together in a number of different ceremony types, including:
Indoor weddings
Wedding blessings (after a legal ceremony)
Betrothal/Engagement celebration
Vow Renewal
Remember! Every ceremony I create starts as a blank page and will be tailored to suit your unique needs.
On the Day of your Handfasting…
I arrive with plenty of time to spare and ensure the space is set and prepared for the ceremony we have planned. This can include a cleansing and blessing should you wish and I will provide the necessary tools for this.
I liaise with any staff, family, and friends who are involved in the ceremony. If you would like to include a rehearsal before the day this can be arranged.
After the ceremony I can meet your guests and answer any questions. I will ensure any items of importance, from the ceremony, are safely packed away.
A celebration copy of your Handfasting will arrive soon after for you to keep; a treasured memory of your wild and wonderful day!
Handfasting / Wedding Ceremony Fee: From £500
Added costs for travel/accommodation may be incurred depending on venue location
Prices vary for handfasting moments, private ceremonies (under 10 people) and elopements
the hands of a couple are bound together with many coloured cords and ribbons, in a Handfasting. In the foreground a drum is visible in the hands of Celebrant Keli Tomlin
To find out how Handfastings are being reshaped for 2020-21 click here