Commonly Asked Questions
See also: the Raspberry Shake Forum where you can easily search the archives for questions similar to your own.
Anchoring: How do I anchor my Raspberry Shake to the floor?
Question: The Shake box seems to come with some nice trim screws to set it level. How though is the unit meant to be coupled to the ground/concrete/slab/table…? The last few earthquakes I've experienced here in New Zealand would of sent the Raspberry Shake bouncing off the table or sliding over floor which means it will not actually be recording what it is meant to? How is it proposed to couple it to the horizontal surface?
Answer: Shake does not need to be "anchored".
Raspberry Shake is a weak motion device, like most seismometers are. It is designed to measure sub-micron movements. It probably completely clips between 0.1 and 0.2 g.
If during an earthquake objects are in the air then surely 1 g has been exceeded. Just yesterday I was watching youTube videos of the last New Zealand earthquake and yes things were moving. Shake and any other seismometer would be totally saturated and the data would be useless even if they were anchored.
Seismologists use accelerometers which have a range above 1 g commonly set to 2 g and can be set to 4 g. These devices are anchored. In a Class A seismic installation you would have a seismometer, and accelerometer that goes to DC and a GPS. This would allow for the huge dynamic range that you will get in a large earthquake. The accelerometer to DC and the GPS would allow you to see the displacements that a velocity sensor like the Shake will not show.
How precisely does Raspberry Shake need to be leveled?
Answer: This is a good question and one that is tossed around here at Raspberry Shake. Geophones are made by lots of companies and in lots of natural frequencies and cases and coil types. We think that the geophone used in Raspberry shake will have over 95% of it output out to about three degrees. A quick and dirty test of the undamped output of the Raspberry Shake's 4.5 Hz geophone was performed. We did the test at 10 Hz to get away from the amplification of the resonant frequency. We moved the geophone 1 mm. 1mm at 10Hz is strong shaking. From 0 to 3 degrees of tilt we could not see any significant difference in the output. It was not until 6 degrees that we could see a change and not until 15 degrees that the output was meaningless.
We can definitely say that if the leveling bubble is mostly within the little circle on the level built into the acrylic box, that things are ok. From the test we have done, I think that the leveling bubble we provide will achieve the +/-.5 Degrees as long as the leveling bubble is centered in the circle.
Later, one of our backers, Brett, responded: "I did a quick test to check the leveling bubble sensitivity. It took about one turn of the leg screw located on the center line to move the leveling bubble from centered to be solidly touching the black ring. That's 0.8mm over 123.5mm, the perpendicular distance from that screw to a line between the other two legs. That ratio is 0.00648 and taking the ArcSin = 0.37 deg. of tilt, which is slightly better than you suggest. Probably the biggest factor will be how well the geophone guts are aligned with the leveling bubble. Super leveling is not going to be an issue.
Why does my Raspberry Shake change IP?
IP addresses can either be "DHCP", that is "D"ynamically assigned, or "Static". Most routers today dynamically assign IP addresses. That means that every time a computer like the Raspberry Pi is connected it is given an IP address. It can be the same IP address as previously assigned or a new one. The connection is time limited. Some routers set it to a day or so, some months and still others many years. So, depending on the router settings, the connection will be released and reconnected after a certain time window. On some routers it is possible to change length of the time, on others not. For example at a university where many people come and go, the time window is set to shorter time so that the IP address can be recycled. At home where you have fewer computers, you would obviously prefer a longer time window. The solution around this problem is to set a Static IP address. See here for instructions: Static IP
Why does my Raspberry Shake change its DNS name?
Question: When I start Shake #1, it takes the DNS name rs.local. Then, when I start Shake #2, it takes over the DNS name rs.local and kicks Shake #1 to rs-2.local. What is happening and how can I stop it?
Answer: This is a complex one and can only happen on certain networks (generally, those that use small or medium business hardware). Let's start by leaning about the two protocols that smart switches usually have. Then we can take a look at "what's happening," then finally how you can fix it.
Protocol 1: RSTP
RSTP makes sure there are no loops or ambiguities on the network. The switch will not forward any packet from a port that just came up until its tests are done. Here's a good link that explains RSTP in full.
Protocol 2: Avahi/Bonjour
This protocol is responsible for searching for, assigning, and keeping track of DNS names on many modern networks.
Connection type 1: IPv4
The IPv4 link needs to negotiate with a DHCP server in order to get an address. This takes a short but significant amount of time.
Connection type 2: IPv6
The IPv6 link does not need negotiation of local-link addresses like IPv4 does. It just picks one of many millions of addresses and then can send packets right away.
What's happening
Shake 1 is already booted and it has the hostname rs.local.
When the first link on Shake 2 becomes ready, Avahi immediately sends a broadcast packet that says "hello! does anyone own rs.local?" with any connection available. Since IPv6 is generally the first connection to become available, the Avahi request is sent via this connection. IPv4 is not ready at this point, since it is still negotiating its address with the DHCP server.
At this moment the switch (with RSTP turned on) is not forwarding packets to Shake 2 yet. It "checks" that everything is ok with network and that there are no ambiguities. The result is that nobody sees the "hello" packets sent by Shake 2. So Shake 2 decides there is no rs.local on the network and announces its name (rs.local) to the network. At that moment, the IPv4 link becomes ready (i.e. the switch now forwards packets from Shake 2). Shake 1 sees someone took its name and automatically assigns itself a new name rs-2.local.
How to fix it:
There are a few ways to potentially fix this issue:
 1. By disabling IPv6. You can do this by editing the file /etc/sysctl.conf:
 sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf
add the following lines to the end of the file:
Then restart the Shake. The DNS name should now "stick" once assigned.
 1. Manually change the DNS name. You can do this by editing the file /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf:
 sudo nano /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf
Modify the following line and replace rs with the DNS name of your choice. It should have no spaces or special characters except minus (-):
Then restart the Shake. Your shake should now be visible at nameyouchose.local. If you lose track of what you've named your Shake, you can Find your Raspberry Shake's IP with Fing.
 1. Disable RSTP on your switch. Since this is device-specific, we can't help you. However, a google search for "Disable RSTP on [your device's make and model]" may help.
Is the schematic for the Raspberry Shake available?
The schematic for Shake is not available. Much of the software is open. Our reason for not making the schematic available is that if we made the hardware open and the firmware that went with it, we would see Raspberry Shake on Alibaba before the Kickstarter campaign was even over.
We align ourselves in many ways with the folks at Pololu when they make this statement about open hardware: See article here. Pololu put a huge amount of work in writing that piece, long but worth the read.
What is the difference between the RS1D, RS3D and RS4D models?
Click to enlarge
sps = samples per second on all channels
The RS1D, RS3D, RS4D and RS&BOOM have the same capabilities for detecting Earth motion in the vertical dimension. The RS3D replicates these abilities in the horizontal dimensions, providing the user with a fuller view of Earth motion in all 3 dimensions. The difference between the RS1D and the RS4D is that the RS4D has a 3 dimensional accelerometer built into the board. This is interesting for people who live in earthquake zones where the strong motion might be enough to saturate the vertical sensor. With the accelerometer, the Earth motion would remain on scale with the added benefit of being able to detect lateral motion as well.
Why can't I mount/ stack multiple Rasberry Shake boards on the same Raspberry Pi computer?
This is because the RPi computer only


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I know that 2 is a residue of primes of the form $8n+1$ and $8n+7$ and so on. I want to find a purely group theoretic or field theoretic proof of these statements.
For example, for 8n+1, the multiplicative group is of the order of 8 and so there exists an element of order 8, j. Then $(j + 1/j)^2 = 2$. Similarly for $8n+5$, there is an element of order 4, $i$ and if 2 had a residue, we could construct j such that $j^2 = i$ and therefore there is an element of order 8 which is impossible.
What I am not getting stuck on is finding something that differentiates a field of the order $8n+7$ from something of the form $8n+3$. This is how I proved the last 2 cases(there either exists or does not exist something of order 8).
share|improve this question
Is that a homework? – Mark Sapir May 31 '13 at 7:38
Voted to close. – Mark Sapir May 31 '13 at 8:59
The title asks about $-2$, the body doesn't. Anyway, voting to migrate to m.se – Gerry Myerson Jul 19 '13 at 0:26
add comment
migrated from mathoverflow.net Jul 19 '13 at 2:25
This question came from our site for professional mathematicians.
1 Answer
I'm not sure that this is what you want, but I'll try anyway.
If $p$ is an odd prime, then $8\mid p^2-1$, so when $p\not\equiv1\pmod8$ we have the element $j$ in the extension field $\mathbb{F}_{p^2}$. The zeros of the eighth cyclotomic polynomial are $$ \phi_8(x)=x^4+1=(x-j)(x-j^3)(x-j^5)(x-j^7)=(x-j)(x-j^3)(x+j)(x+j^3). $$
We can say something extra about the minimal polynomial of $j$ over the prime field in these cases. This is because by the Galois theory of finite fields the other zero is the Frobenius conjugate $j^p$. So if $p\equiv 3\pmod 8$, then the minimal polynomial of $j$ is $$m(x)=(x-j)(x-j^3)=x^2-ax-j^4=x^2-ax-1.$$ The other factor of $\phi_8(x)$ modulo $p$ is then $m(-x)=x^2+ax+1$. Vanishing of the quadratic term $-2-a^2$ of $m(x)m(-x)$ implies that $a^2=-2$. But here $a=j+j^3=j-1/j$, so in this case you have $(j-1/j)^2=-2$.
On the other hand, if $p\equiv7\pmod8$, then $$m(x)=(x-j)(x-j^p)=(x-j)(x-j^7)=x^2+bx+j^8=x^2+bx+1.$$ Again the other factor is $m(-x)$, and we similarly see that $b^2=2$. This time you get $b=(j+j^7)=(j+1/j)$, and $(j+1/j)^2=2$.
Note that in both cases $j\pm 1/j$ is the trace of $j$, so an element of the prime field.
share|improve this answer
I agree that this might fit Math.SE better. – Jyrki Lahtonen Jul 18 '13 at 13:14
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Your Answer


text:
In modern cars, keyless entry is a big feature. When you press the unlock button on the keyfob (remote), it sends a coded radio signal to the car which tells it to unlock or lock itself. Many of these keyfobs also allow you to open trunk, arm or disarm the security alarm system in your car or even enable panic mode.
Some older cars used infrared technology (IR) to communicate between the car and the keyfob. This required you to be in the line of sight to your car. These remote systems were clunky and did not work all the time. This technology soon got replaced by radio waves (RF) which is much more reliable and work when you are in 5-15 meter range.
So, does window tint really affect keyless entry? Or the dealerships just lie to get rid of you?
There could be some other problems but if you have a metallic tint film installed then yes it will affect keyless entry. Metallic window tint consists of thin plastic film with tiny metal particles coated onto it. The metal particles help to reflect UV and IR rays to reduce heat inside the cabin.
These metalized tint films are well known for having issues with radio waves (that make the keyless entry work) and even metallic tint manufacturers admit that this can happen.
This can result in multiple presses of the button on the keyfob to unlock/lock the car.
[su_box title="Important!" box_color="#dec015″]Metallic window tint does not only affect the keyless entry but can also affect cellular and GPS reception (by blocking it) when you are inside your car.[/su_box]
If your keyfob is not working properly after you got your car windows tinted, these might be the possible problems.
If you have metallic window tints installed then you are likely going to have keyless entry problems. My advice? Don't go for metallic window tints as ceramic tints are better in every way.
Water from fresh tint install.
Water from a fresh tint install can get into keyless entry antennas and connectors which can cause the keyless entry to not work properly and sometimes the keyfob does not get recognized by the car. Usually the water dries out on it's own and it should start working normally.
Damaged keyless entry module or antenna cable.
Back in 2006 when I got my Camry tinted, my keyless entry was affected. I had to press unlock button on the keyfob multiple times to get it to unlock the car. I had to remove the rear driver side window tint and replace the antenna cable which got damaged by the tint installer.
Weak keyfob batteries.
Yes, it is a possibility but coincidences don't happen that much. Replacing your keyfob battery is way cheaper than re-tinting and even supposed to be changed at some point. Give it a try to see if this solves keyless entry problems.
How to fix it?
Replacing Window Tint.
If you have metallic window tints installed on your car, I would suggest you to re-tint your car with something like ceramic window tints. They not only provide much better UV and IR blockage but also last longer and don't affect any radio frequencies, GPS and cellular reception.
Removing the window tint.
Usually the antenna for keyless entry module is located near the rear driver side window or in the dash. Removing the old metallic tint (where keyless entry antenna is) will hopefully make the problem go away. Look in service manual for keyless entry antenna for your car.
Checking for damaged antenna cable.
Antenna cable for keyless entry module may get damaged when installing window tint due to untrained installers. This is why I always tell people to get window tints installed from a professional. A damaged antenna cable can not be repaired and can only be replaced.
Metallized tint films are the technology of the past. They introduce reflection and glare from the sun, which makes , affect radio, GPS and cellular reception, and are not any more efficient than ceramic tint films.
A good ceramic window tint film might be expensive but it is going to last a long time, provide excellent UV, IR and heat rejection. It will also not affect radio frequencies, GPS and cellular reception.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Clear glass shop round for Quinine, England, _PHONE_
This glass bottle was once on the shelves of the prominant English chemists Savory & Moore (active _PHONE_), who were based in London. The label shows that the amber liquid in the bottom is quinine. Quinine is used for pain relief and to prevent fevers and for a long time was the primary treatment for malaria. The shop round or bottle has a black and gold label fixed as a transfer to the glass. These bottles were typically used in pharmacies in the 1800s to store liquid preparations.
Related Themes and Topics
There are 583 related objects. View all related objects
Glossary: shop round
The preparation and medicinal dispensing of drugs.
Parasitic disease transmitted by certain kinds of mosquito. Malaria is characterized by fever and enlargement of the spleen. Each year, there are approximately 515 million cases of malaria, killing between one and three million people.
A substance taken to fight malaria. Quinine is found naturally in the bark of the cinchona tree. It is also an ingredient in tonic water.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


EPPO Platform
on PRAs
Rapid Pest Risk Analysis Xyleborinus attenuatus
This rapid pest risk analysis (PRA) provides a quick assessment of the risks posed by the pest to Sweden, which is the PRA area being assessed. The format is an adapted version of the EPPO Express PRA scheme (EPPO 2012). Definition ofterms used as well as the rating scheme and assessments are done in line with the guidance given in the EPPO CAPRA system (EPPO 2011). The likelihood of entry and establishment are assessed considering the current phytosanitary regulation in place with respect to the EU legislation (Council Directive 2000/29/EC). The definition of a quarantine pest follows the regulation (EU) 2016/2031.
Xyleborinus attenuatus is established in Sweden. The ambrosia beetle originates from Japan and eastern Russia and has until now spread to 13 European countries as well as to USA and Canada.
Entry, establishment and spread
The likelihood of entry of Xyleborinus attenuatus into Sweden is assessed to be very likely. The main pathways of entry are "Wood and wood products" and "Natural spread". X. attenuatus is already established and further spread is assessed to be very likely since suitable host are widely distributed in Sweden, the climate is suitable and the species have a track record of being able to establish in different environments. The rate of spread is assessed to be high based on the species presumed high flight capacity and the high likelihood of spread through transportation of colonized wood material.
Both the economic, environmental and social impact was assessed to be small since there currently is little support in the easily accessible literature that the pest cause significant damage. Nevertheless, there is a risk for a similar shift towards increased impact as have been recorded for closely related ambrosia beetle species.
Management options
It is assessed to be difficult to prevent further introductions of X. attenuatus to Sweden. Current phytosanitary measures such as barking and heat treatment does not completely prevent entry of ambrosia beetles with wood and there is also a risk of natural spread from Denmark.
Assessment in relation to the definition of quarantine pests
The results presented in this rapid PRA shows that Xyleborinus attenuatus does not fulfil all of the criteria for a union quarantine pest, e.g. it is widely distributedwithin the EU territory. In addition, it indicates that X. attenuatus does not fulfil allcriteria for a protected zone quarantine pest for any part of Sweden, e.g. due tolimited possibilities to prevent natural spread from areas where the pest isestablished and that the impact was assessed to be small.
Key uncertainties and further investigation needed
There is a large uncertainty in the assessment of the future impact of Xyleborinus attenuatus due to the potential risk that it may shift from colonizing dead trees to colonizing live trees as has been observed for other closely related beetle-fungus symbioses (Hulcr and Dunn 2011). It would therefore be desirable if the development of X. attenuatus, both nationally and internationally, is followed to detect any shift towards increased impact.
 - Xyleborinus attenuatus
Type File Size
Pest Risk Analysis Download 463,73kB
PRA Area
 - Sweden


text:
My kids love to draw and doodle, especially Annika. She leaves silly notes and drawing all over the house. Often when we are running out the door, she grabs a note book to keep her busy in the car. Her sweet notes always make me smile. Now we keep one of these little DIY dry erase tiles in the car.
When I found a few left over white tiles in the garage, I knew they would be perfect for making small dry erase boards for the girls. There are lots of easy tutorials on how to make DIY dry erase boards, but I want to try using tiles.
To make these simple DIY dry erase tiles, you will need:
- White Ceramic Tiles (Ours were 4″ x 4″)
- Ribbon – to tie the book cover closed
- Hot Glue Gun
- Jewels – optional
Cut the felt large enough to wrap around the ceramic tile like a book cover. It should cover the front and back of the tile. Use a hot glue gun to secure the felt to the back of the tile. Attach the ribbon to the felt with hot glue. Embellish the cover any way you like, my girls enjoyed adding lots of sparkly jewels.
Dry erase boards are a fun tool for playing and teaching your kids. Here are a few ideas to get you started…help your kids learn letters and numbers, write their name, practice spelling words, play a game of Tic Tac Toe or Hangman, work of math problems…you get the idea. The tiles are small, and the perfect size to throw in your purse for entertaining on the go.
My kids just recently discovered how to make subtractive drawings. You will need one working Dry Erase Marker and one marker that is dried up. First, cover the entire board with Dry Erase Marker. Then using a dried up Dry Erase Marker begin drawing as you would normally. The dried up marker will act as an eraser, creating a wonderful subtractive drawing.
For more dry erase fun, check out our printable BINGO cards for road trips.
Please remember to be careful if you are going to use these with your kids. If the tile drops; it will break and leave sharp edges.
Do you have any fun games to play on our new DIY dry erase tiles? I would love to hear any creative suggestions for using dry erase boards with kids.
If you are looking for more road trip ideas, follow the link to a fun list of things we like to do.


text:
The project is about the reconfiguration of the Assumption Cathedral in Ischia. Historical events led to the destruction of most of the building and the remains of the architecture are no longer easily identifiable. Today this religious structure appears as a square inside the Aragonese castle.
Our project wants to maintain the current characteristics of this ruin by introducing a permeable roof with a completely autonomous shape with no plan to rebuild. This roof will be made of a light steel structure with triangular links following the dimensions of the ruin and will be covered with a ETFE membrane.
The permeability of this roof allows to guarantee the current light conditions of the ruin / square. The dense screen-printed texture on the membrane resembles the decorative patterns of the Aragonese age, creating a characteristic shadow play. The material is anti-glare, tensile strength, low weight, high temperature resistance and it does not reflect the sounds produced in the space below.


Gas-Pistoning at Drainhole Vent in Pu'u 'O'o Crater (June 2-3, 2006)
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Detailed Description
Gas-pistoning is an interesting phenomenon seen at Kilauea and other volcanoes. It is caused by the accumulation of gas within, or the rise of a gas slug through, a column of lava. In either case, the gas pushes up the overlying lava (the "piston"). Eventually, the gas breaches the surface and escapes, sometimes as a forceful jet of fume and spatter. The lava then drains back into the vent. Gas pistons can occur as single events or as a repeating series comprised of dozens or even hundreds of events. During mid-2006, eruptive activity at the informally-named Drainhole vent, on the floor of Pu'u 'O'o crater, was often characterized by periods of gas-pistoning. The video sequence shown here, from June 2-3, 2006, is a great example of the gas-pistoning that was occurring at that time. The opening is about 8 meters (26 feet) across and is inset within the floor of the Drainhole vent itself, which is about 25 meters (80 feet) across.
The images that comprise this video were acquired by a time-lapse camera positioned on the northern lip of the Drainhole vent and about 15 meters (50 feet) away from the opening. The image acquisition rate was 1 frame per minute, and the resulting video is played at 10 frames per second.
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Location Taken: HI, US


Can Alexa call phone numbers?
Category: music and audio sports play by play
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Echo-to-phone calling supports most mobileand landline numbers in the US, Canada, and Mexico. Youcan make voice calls with any device in the Echolineup. You can also call someone from theAlexa app by selecting the person's mobile phonenumber or landline.
Likewise, people ask, how do I get Alexa to call my contacts?
Make a call using the Amazon Alexa app
 1. Go to the "Conversations" menu in the Amazon Alexa app.
 2. Select Conversations from the bottom navigation bar.
 3. Select the Contacts icon to view your available Alexa-to-Alexacontacts.
 4. Select the contact you want to reach and then select Call (the"phone" icon).
Similarly, can Alexa auto make phone calls? You can make calls and send messages with EchoAuto through your compatible Android phone. To useAlexa-to-Alexa calling and messaging with EchoAuto, enable the feature in the Alexa app. EchoAuto uses your smart phone dialer to call mobileor landline numbers supported by your existing mobile phoneservice and plan.
Similarly one may ask, how does Alexa make phone calls without a phone?
Users can make phone calls either by saying theperson's name or speaking the phone number. Via voicecommands, users can control the volume of the calland end the conversation – although they won't be able toget calls from landline phones without theEcho being plugged into a landline phone, noted thereport.
What is my Alexa phone number?
You can call customer service at _PHONE_,and we will help you de-register from Alexa Communication.The optional Drop In feature will let you easily connectwith your closest friends and family on supported Echodevices.
26 Related Question Answers Found
Is Alexa calling free?
Making calls with Alexa is easy. Reachfriends and family on their Alexa-enabled device, theAlexa app, or their home and mobile numbers in the US,Canada and Mexico – for free.
Can you call 911 with Alexa?
Creating the ability to call 911 from a smartspeaker would require an additional monthly 911surcharge that customers or the technology companies wouldhave to pay to support emergency call infrastructure. Thestandard Amazon Echo and Echo Dot cannot make emergencycalls.
Can Alexa send text messages?
Alexa will then either send yourmessage as a regular text, or over Alexamessaging (if it's to another Alexa-enabled device). Thenew feature works using any Alexa device, like the Echo Dotor Echo Show, but it only users with Android phones will beable to enable text messaging — at least fornow.
Can Alexa call police?
Whether you are fleeing a burglar or reporting anattack, do not dial 999 — instead, just say"Alexa, call the police". Under plansbeing developed by Britain's largest police force, crimevictims will simply be able to shout for help from servicessuch as Amazon's Alexa or Google's Assistant to alertpolice.
How do I connect my phone to Alexa?
To pair your mobile device with Echo Dot:
 1. Open the Alexa app.
 2. Open the left navigation panel, and then select Settings.
 3. Select your Echo Dot, and then select Bluetooth > Pair a NewDevice.
 4. Open the Bluetooth settings menu on your mobile device, andselect your Echo Dot.
Can Alexa make phone calls from a landline?
Place a call
With Echo Connect and a compatible Echodevice, you can ask Alexa to call anyone usingyour phone landline at home. All you have to do issay, "Alexa, call [contact's] mobile" or"Alexa, dial [phone number]".
Can you FaceTime on Echo show?
No but the equivalent to FaceTime is DROP IN.Amazon Echo Show uses. They can video chat using theAlexa to Alexa Calling feature. Now in the reversesomeone with the App on their phone can use Drop In to videochat with someone who has an Echo Show or EchoSpot.
What is the difference between ECHO and Alexa?
Basically, the only difference between the twodevices, other than size and cost, is sound. If you're just lookingto be introduced to Alexa, you'll be fine with theEcho Dot. If you're just looking to pick up an Echoto create a multiroom, Alexa-enabled experience, theEcho Dot is a great choice.
Can I call my echo from my cell phone?
Now you can just tell your Echo tocall anyone in your contacts or speak out a specificnumber to dial. Once you've set up Alexa calling andmessaging, your own mobile number is linked tothe device and will show up to recipients when youcall.
Can Alexa read text messages from iPhone?
You can use your Alexa device to sendSMS messages or make phone calls between Echo devicesor to mobile or landline phones using the Alexa app foriOS 9.0 and above and Android 5.0 and above, or anAmazon Fire tablet. Open the Amazon Alexa app on yourAndroid or iOS device.
How do you call someone else's Echo?
There are two ways that you can call someone:using your Echo or Alexa app to call someone else'sEcho, or using your Echo to call someone else'sphone. To call someone using the Alexa app, go to thecontacts screen, select a contact, and tap on the phonebutton.
Can Alexas talk to each other?
Using multiple Echo devices as intercoms
Having multiple Amazon Echo devices in your home alsogives you the ability to use them as intercoms aroundthe house. The same ability is as simple as saying"Alexa, drop in on the bedroom" to anotherEcho elsewhere in the house.
Can I call Alexa from my iPhone?
Using the Alexa Calling Feature From the App toReceive Calls. If someone calls your Echo, it alsorings your Alexa app on your iPhone. Unlock youriPhone, and then you can answer the call. You'llsee a familiar screen for the call with buttons toswitch to speaker phone, end the call, or mute yourmicrophone.
How do you know if someone is dropping in on Alexa?
When you receive a Drop In, the lightindicator on your Echo pulses green and you connect to yourcontact automatically. If you Drop In on a devicegroup, only one device answers.
Can I use Alexa in my car?
Simply plug the Dot into a USB charger in yourcar. It will power up when you start the engine.But you can also pair the Dot to your carstereo via Bluetooth, so you can enjoy the audiothrough your car's speakers. I would recommend trying thisbefore buying a more permanent installation of Alexa in yourcar.
Does Alexa drop notify?
Open the the Amazon Alexa app, then go to theConversation screen (chat bubble icon from the bottom nav bar), andtap Drop In. You will be presented with a list ofyour Echo devices you can Drop In on and contacts you canDrop In on at any time. Simply select one to initiate aDrop In.
Why is there an echo on my phone?
In many cases echo is a symptom of acousticfeedback from the phone of the party you are talking to.Your voice travels across the phone system to the otherparty, their phone's speaker plays the sound, then theirphone microphone picks up on that sound and it istransmitted back to your phone as anecho.


Measuring Isotropic Field Strength: How to Calculate Isotropic Strength Values
Some probes determine the isotropic value by combining the amplitudes for the all axis in an electronic way. Before the amplitude is measured by the measurement circuit inside the probe. These probes are not able to display the field strength different field direction separately. They can only display the isotropic field strength. The disadvantage of this method is that it is not possible to apply correction values to the independent axis. This results in a higher measurement uncertainty.
Please note: By downloading a white paper, the details of your profile might be shared with the creator of the content and you may be contacted by them directly.


text:
┌── Absolom Hinshaw
┌── Isaiah Hinshaw ───┤
│ _PHONE_ │
│ └── Elizabeth Hinshaw
Isaiah Hinshaw ───┤
B: 1825 │
D: 1844 │
└── Welmet Williams
Isaiah Hinshaw [ID 01896]
||Click here to switch to Ahnentafel view: |
Pleasant Plain shows his birth date as 1-3-1831 which is the date shown at Richland for sister Elizabeth (who isn't shown at all at Pleasant Plain).
At White Lick MM on 6-12-1839, Isaiah & parents were granted certificates to Salem MM, Iowa.4
Isaiah Hinshaw died Sep 29 1844, buried Friends Cemetery, Pleasant Plain, Jefferson County, Iowa.2,3,5
- "The William Wade Hinshaw Index to [Iowa] Quaker Meeting Records",
a microfiche in the LDS Family History Library.
- Iowa Cemetery Records. Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000.
- WPA Iowa Graves Registration Survey; USGenWeb Archives:
- "Abstracts of the Records of the Society of Friends in Indiana", Part 5,
subtitled "Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy, Volume VII",
(a compendium of many of the records left by William Wade Hinshaw on
his death), edited by Willard Heiss; GS929.3 H47 in a local library.
- "The Hinshaw Family", an extensive family history manuscript by Heather Hinshaw-Tomas
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text:
A voluntary severance package is a financial incentive that's offered to an employee in hopes that he will resign or retire. Unlike most severance packages, a voluntary severance package gives the employee the option to decline the offer.
Generally, voluntary severance packages are offered at a time that will benefit the company by reducing the workforce and cost of salaries and benefits. Long-term employee who are close to retirement age and earn high salaries may be offered early retirement packages, for example, in the hopes of forestalling layoffs. Because a voluntary severance package benefits both the employer and the employee who accepts the package, it is sometimes referred to as a "golden handshake."


text:
You expect a lot of motion to result in an object actually moving, but Cubli is a little different. All the spinning and whirring going on inside this little cube keeps it from moving. The spinning reaction wheels inside Cubli keep it stable as it balances on a corner. It can even correct for a little nudge and walk across a surface with a "controlled fall."
The Cubli was designed at ETH Zurich — it's 15cm on a side and is dominated by three spinning reaction wheels (one along each axis). Each wheel has its own motor and motor controller, which rev up based on data acquired by an array of inertial sensors. These sensors monitor the tilt and angular velocity of the Cubli at multiple points. That data is fed into an on-board processor, which then calculates exactly how fast each reaction wheel needs to spin to get Cubli upright.
Watching the contraption raise itself up is fascinating. From a position sitting flat on one of the faces, the Cubli first kicks itself up onto an edge. Next, it jumps up onto a corner by spinning up the reaction wheel perpendicular to the resting edge. If researchers want to make the Cubli "walk," it basically does the same thing in reverse — reaction wheels cut out at the right time and allow the Cubli to fall in the desired direction.
This method of using reaction torque for stability is similar to the process used to keep satellites stable in orbit, the algorithms at work in the Cubli are completely different. There is interest in using robots based on this type of design for planetary exploration, but for the time being, Cubli is just a neat concept.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have a C# class the returns a List, using System.Collections.Generic Lists not F# List
I want to iterate though the list to find a object or not find it. Here is how I would do it in C#. How would I accomplish the similar thing in F#
foreach (AperioCaseObj caseObj in CaseList)
 if (caseObj.CaseId == "")
share|improve this question
5 Answers 5
up vote 3 down vote accepted
See this example for iterating an integer generic list:
open System.Collections.Generic
let genList = new List()
for x in genList do
 printf "%d" x
share|improve this answer
match Seq.tryfind ((=) "") caseList with
 None -> print_string "didn't find it"
 | Some s -> printfn "found it: %s" s
share|improve this answer
A C# list is called a ResizeArray in F#. To find an element within the ResizeArray you can use "tryfind" or "find". TryFind returns an option type (Option), which means if the element is not found, you'll get None. Find on the other hand raises an exception if it doesn't find the element you're looking for
let foo() =
 match CaseList |> ResizeArray.tryfind (fun x -> x.caseObj = "imlookingforyou") with
 |None -> print-string ""notfound
 |Some(case ) -> printfn "found %s" case
let foo()
 let case = ResizeArray.find (fun x -> x.caseObj = "imlookingforyou")
 printfn "found %s" case
 | _ -> print_string "not found"
share|improve this answer
That kind of list is also an IEnumerable so you can still use F#'s for elt in list do notation:
for caseObj in CaseList do
 if caseObj.CaseId = "" then
share|improve this answer
Using tryfind to match against a field in a record:
type foo = {
 id : int;
 value : string;
let foos = [{id=1; value="one"}; {id=2; value="two"}; {id=3; value="three"} ]
// This will return Some foo
List.tryfind (fun f -> f.id = 2) foos
// This will return None
List.tryfind (fun f -> f.id = 4) foos
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


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The Return
A Novel
Victoria Hislop
List Price: 15.99*
* Individual store prices may vary.
Other Editions of This Title:
Paperback (10/1/2009)
Already a #1 bestseller in the UK, The Return is a captivating new novel of family, love, and betrayal set against a backdrop of civil war, flamenco, and fiery Spanish passion. The author of the beloved international bestseller The Island, Victoria Hislop now transports the reader to Granada, Spain, in a time of historic turmoil. The Return is a colorful and spellbinding saga of a family inspired by music and dance, only to be torn apart by fragile hearts and divided loyalties during the bitter war that brought the dictator Generalissimo Francisco Franco to power.
Harper Perennial, 9780061715419, 416pp.
Publication Date: October 6, 2009
About the Author
Conversation Starters from
 1. 'In the picture book of marriage, they were the perfect married couple. It was a story told for an audience.' What does this extract tell us about Sonia and James's relationship? What changes between them as the novel progresses? Is James a villain? What tactics does he employ to control Sonia?
 2. Why are music and dance so important to the characters in The Return? What does the way a character dances say about them and their relationships? Why is Sonia so drawn to flamenco in particular, and why does James disapprove of her dance classes so vehemently?
 3. 'We need real men in this country … Spain will never be strong while it's full of fairies.' What image of masculinity do the Ramírez males – and the other men in the book – present? Is maleness portrayed as a good or bad thing? How do women exert their power?
 4. Did you identify any family traits that ran through the Ramírez generations? Does Sonia take after her father or her mother, or any of her other relations?
 5. 'For Ignacio, there was a distinction between what he regarded as being a casual informer and actually being an assassin' Why does Ignacio make this distinction? Is it an accurate one? Where else in the novel are we invited to compare physical violence with more subtle forms of cruelty?
 6. 'The saints and martyrs with their painted on blood and theatrical stigmata had once been part of her life. Now she saw the church as a sham, a cupboard full of redundant props'. Why does Mercedes lose her faith? How does The Return portray religion and particularly the Catholic Church?
 7. What does this book have to say about friendship? Is blood thicker than water?
 8. 'The lack of truth in [Concha and Mercedes'] correspondence did not mean there was no love between them. It merely meant that they loved each other enough to want to protect the other party'. Who else withholds information in the novel, and why? What is the role of these secrets or non-disclosures? How do they affect the plot?
 9. What did you make of Javier and Mercedes' relationship? Is it a childish infatuation, a survival tactic, a 'fathomless love', or what?
 10. What does The Return have to say about politics? To what extent does it affect real life? Did you detect a political bias to this book? If so, what is it?
 11. What is the relevance of bull fighting in The Return? Does it tell us anything about Spanish culture or the Civil War more generally? Is it relevant that Republican citizens are assassinated in Granada's bullring and that Ignacio is hunted and killed like a bull? If so, why?
 12. How does the history of the Ramírez family represent the Spanish Civil War more generally? Do you find their story a good way of conveying the history of the Civil War? Is Victoria Hislop successful in melding fact and fiction together?
 13. "Antonio discovered that there was nothing more brutalising than to drive a bayonet into another human being and in this killing he felt part of himself die too." How does Antonio's perspective on killing compare to Ignacio's, and to other characters'? Were you surprised by the novel's violence? How does Victoria Hislop treat the subject of death in her writing?
 14. Whose story did you enjoy most? Did the different strands hang well together, do you think?
 15. "On his outstretched hand lay nothing more than a small mound of dirt, a pathetic sample of Spain's soil that he had brought with him over the mountains." What does this old man's gesture tell us about the emigrant experience? How do other characters in the book think about exile and home?
 16. If you have read The Island, what similarities and differences did you identify between the two novels? Are there any plot and structure devices common to both? How do the two heroines, Sonia and Alexis, compare?


message with the given key. It returns ErrNotFound if no message could be found in the index.
type Message Uses
type Message interface {
 catmsg.Message
}
A Message holds a collection of translations for the same phrase that may vary based on the values of substitution arguments.
func String Uses
func String(name string) Message
String specifies a plain message string. It can be used as fallback if no other strings match or as a simple standalone message.
It is an error to pass more than one String in a message sequence.
func Var Uses
func Var(name string, msg ...Message) Message
Var sets a variable that may be substituted in formatting patterns using named substitution of the form "${name}". The name argument is used as a fallback if the statements do not produce a match. The statement sequence may not contain any Var calls.
The name passed to a Var must be unique within message sequence.
type Option Uses
type Option func(*options)
An Option configures Catalog behavior.
Package catalog imports 6 packages (graph) and is imported by 3 packages. Updated 2017-10-16. Refresh now. Tools for package owners.


text:
Protection of the Mother of God
The Protection of the Mother of God is one of the most beloved feast days on the Orthodox calendar, especially among the Slavic peoples, commemorated on October 1. It is also known as Virgin Mary's Cerement. In most Slavic languages the word "cerement" has a dual meaning of "veil" and "protection."
The feast day celebrates the appearance of the Mother of God at Blachernae (Vlaherna) in the tenth century. At the end of St. Andrei (Andrew of Constantinople) Yurodivyi's life (d. around 936; feast day: October 2), a group of people saw the Mother of God, St. John the Baptist, and several other saints during a vigil in the Church of Blachernae, nearby the city gates.
The Theotokos approached the center of the church, knelt down and remained in prayer for a long time. Her face was drowned in tears. Then she took her veil (cerement) off and spread it over the people as a sign of protection. During the time, the people in the city were threatened by a barbarian invasion. After the appearance of the Mother of God, the danger was averted and the city was spared from bloodshed and suffering.
The Protection is commemorated most fervently in Slavic churches, probably because St. Andrei was a Slav. The first celebration of the Theotokos's cerement in the Russian Orthodox Church dates back from the 12th century and today is celebrated throughout the Orthodox Church.
- The Miracle of the Virgin Mary at the Church of Blachernae in Constantinople in 911 A.D.
- News item: Bulgarian Orthodox Church Celebrates Virgin Mary's Cerement Today (1 October 2005)
- The Protection of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary (OCA)
- The Most Holy Theotokos of All Protection
- The Church of Panagia of Blachernae


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svelte-heatmap
Netlify Build status Dependencies Dev dependencies Size NPM License
A light weight and customizable version of GitHub's contribution graph.
Heatmap examples
📦 Installation
The recommended way to install this package is through NPM.
npm install svelte-heatmap
Alternatively, you may access it via the CDN. When using the CDN, this package will be exposed globally as SvelteHeatmap.
<script src="_URL_
🚀 Basic usage
To create a heatmap, pass props and a target to the SvelteHeatmap constructor.
import SvelteHeatmap from 'svelte-heatmap';
const heatmap = new SvelteHeatmap({
 props: {
 data: [
 // ...
 ],
 },
 target: '#some-container',
});
To remove the component, call $destroy.
heatmap.$destroy();
See the Svelte documentation for more information.
⚙ Options
Note: Date values for data, startDate, and endDate should be JavaScript Date objects objects, or a value compatible with the Date constructor.
allowOverflow
Renders cells that fall outside the startDate to endDate range. Defaults to false.
cellGap
Defines the space between cells.
cellRadius
Defines the radius of each cell. This should be a number relative to the cellSize, or a string representing a percentage such as '50%'.
cellSize
Defines the size of each cell.
colors
Array of CSS colors to use for the chart, ordered from lowest to highest. Default colors match GitHub's contribution graph with ['#c6e48b', '#7bc96f', '#239a3b', '#196127'].
data
Array of objects containing the chart data. These objects should be in the shape of { date, value }.
dayLabelWidth
Horizontal space to allocate for day labels. If this is 0, day labels will not be rendered.
dayLabels
Array of strings to use for day labels. Defaults to ['', 'Mon', '', 'Web', '', 'Fri', ''].
fontColor
Label font color. Defaults to #333.
fontFamily
Label font family. Defaults to sans-serif.
fontSize
Label font size. Defaults to 8.
emptyColor
CSS color to use for cells with no value.
monthGap
Defines the space between months when view is set to monthly.
monthLabelHeight
Vertical space to allocate for month labels. If this is 0, month labels will not be rendered.
monthLabels
Array of strings to use for month labels. Defaults to ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'].
startDate
Date object representing the first day of the graph. If omitted, this will default to the first day of the month or year, based on the current view.
endDate
Date object represending the last day of the graph. If omitted, this will default to the last day of the current month or year, depending on the current view.
view
Determines how the chart should be displayed. Supported values are monthly and yearly, defaults to yearly.
📄 License
MIT
Copyright (c) 2017-present, Scott Bedard
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A light weight and customizable version of GitHub's contribution graph
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Nigerian banks asked to remove ATM's
April 16, 2009 • Hardware, Security
ATM_machine.jpgNigeria's central bank has commended the efforts of most Nigerian banks to reach the un-banked segment of its population through the deployment of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) across the nation.
However, the Automated Teller Machines Director of Banking Operations, James Olekah, reminded banks that the deployment of the electronic gadgets in public places is beyond the mandate given to banks as stipulated in the policies guiding the operations of ATM Consortium (ATMC).
He noted that banks are competing with ATMC in its sole mandate of deploying ATMs in public places.
The CBN expressed concern at indiscriminate deployment of bank's ATMs in public places (particularly hotel lobbies and airports).
Consequently, banks are directed to restrict further deployment of ATMs to their premises and to withdraw bank ATMs in public places to their premises before June 30, 2009.
The CBN also officially made public its decision to begin the licensing process for an additional ATM Consortium with the sole mandate to deploy ATMs in public places thereby bringing to two the number of ATM consortia in the economy.
The ATMs have brought a new dimension to banking in Nigeria, making banking services and its delivery convenient and accessible. There is a growing demand for more ATMs across the country as the present distribution of bank ATMs are concentrated in Lagos and Abuja regions.
While bank customers are likely to feel the adverse effect of the withdrawal of bank's ATMs from public places, it is expected that the present policy would give the ATM consortia in the country a business environment conducive to profitable deployment of their resources.
Hence, the number of ATMs and Point of Sales (POS) systems available in the country is expected to increase significantly. This technological development is also likely to boost other sectors of the economy that rely on ATMs and POS as business electronic distribution channels and payment systems. Such prospective beneficiaries include the telecommunication (recharge code distribution) and lottery (ATM/POS lotteries) industries.
Related Posts
4 Responses to Nigerian banks asked to remove ATM's
 1. gun pos says:
 2. This article is an interesting and informative. Could you please send me the names of the present ATM Consortium in Nigeria.
 3. mmyk says:
 mmyk ; if the ATMc are unable to deploy these machines to where they are needed most -public placeslet the banks do it for them after-all what is important is accessing cash wherever and whenever and not some cabal in whatever names making monies from nigerians and giving them the height of inconvenience as if ATM AND POS are rocket science.
 4. Tunde says:
 It might sound nice, but ATMs are actually suppose to be at points where it will be convenient for the public to use. So if the banks decide to place at strategic points, so be it.
 These so called consortium, what will be their charges be? If it is above the normal bank charges, which is deducted once a month by the more sane banks, then its cool, but anything other than that, please let it be.
« »


Sunlight hits the tracks.
Why does hot weather cause severe rail disruption?
Sunlight hits the tracks.
Soaring temperatures in the UK in July led to rail operators putting in place speed restrictions due to the risk of tracks buckling.
When do tracks buckle?
How does Network Rail prevent buckling?
Where a stretch of track is composed of short rail sections bolted together, gaps are left to allow for expansion.
Does this happen in other countries?
Network Rail said other nations choose a higher stress temperature limit for their tracks, depending on the climate.
Countries with extreme weather conditions adjust their tracks between summer and winter, the company said.
This can include inserting concrete slabs which can better contain track forces than sleepers and ballast.
Network Rail's website said that the "variations in short-term weather and long-term climate" in Britain mean "it is neither practical nor cost-effective" to implement such measures permanently.
It said solid concrete slab tracks costs about four times as much to install as standard ballasted track.
The company also said that stress-proofing Britain's rail track to the levels of hot countries would also create "the risk of increased tension on the rails in the winter".
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About the Author
Sam Hewitt
Let off some steam...


text:
Proverbs in marriage: Counselling role and implications
The Akans of Ghana perceive marriage as an important ritual and an aspect of their socio-cultural life. Because of the importance attached to marriage and due to the fact that it is a preserve for the matured in society, the language used for its contraction is sophisticated and infused with proverbs. In recent times, the role of proverbs as a marriage-counselling tool has been overlooked in contemporary counselling. This paper, from a Pragmatic and Relevance Theory (RT) perspective, looked at the counselling role Akan proverbs play in marriage contraction. This descriptive qualitative study purposively selected proverbs in three episodes in different contexts of marriage contraction to see how they were used as counselling tools. The analysis of the data indicated that proverbs play a major counselling role in marriage. The counselling roles concentrated on themes like patience, co-operation, respect, sex, self-denial, hard work, faithfulness, loyalty, humility, child bearing and caring, and love. The implication is that contemporary professional marriage counsellors and priests should employ proverbs in their counselling sessions because proverbs portray what the Akan cherish as their worldview and an embodiment of their soul. This will ensure a clear understanding of the complexities of marriage.
Creative Commons License
Attribution-NoncommercialNoderivates 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0): The license allows others to "download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can't change them in any way or use them commercially" (Source: https:_URL_.
The copyright of all papers published in Legon Journal of the Humanities is vested in the journal. By agreeing to publish the accepted version of the paper in LJH, contributors automatically cede copyright of the manuscript to the journal. This notwithstanding, contributors may use parts of their published articles for non-commercial purposes, e.g., course material, conferences, and academic profile webpage.
Access and Attribution
While LJH published papers (new and archived) can be freely downloaded from its website in compliance with its gratis open access policy, hard copies of current and recent issues as well as offprints of specific papers can only be provided on demand.
Citation of a paper from LJH should include name of quoted author, journal title, volume, number, title of paper, page, year of publication, and Digital Object Identifier (DOI)/Uniform Resource Locator(URL).


text:
Dubai Storm Water Tunnel - Sustainability Lessons
This session will be live-streamed by Continuing Education.
Dubai Municipality has implemented the Dubai's Deep Tunnel Storm Water System (DTSWS) as part of a long-term catchment-wide plan for capturing and conveying storm water and groundwater flows. Rising groundwater levels in Dubai is increasingly a concern as the deep foundations and basement structures of the skyscrapers are curtailing the natural pathways for groundwater. The DTSWS serves a catchment area of about 500 sq. km, and will convey the collected water through a 10 km gravity tunnel to a terminal pumping station facility located at a depth of 60 m. The facility consists of a 36m3/s deep pump house; and 110m3/s overflow structure which discharges flows that are above 36 m3/s. The system will manage the rising brackish ground water most of the year and when needed switched to rainwater mode to handle the rare rain events. This presentation will showcase the sustainable approached Dubai has taken towards storm water and rising groundwater management, while keeping sustainability as priority criteria. The selection of the four numbers of main pumps (9 m3/s each) that covers three different regimes: dry weather, tunnel emptying and first flush of storm water over wide ranges of flows and static heads, was the primary sustainability check.
Primary Speaker, Jayapregasham Tharamapalan, will be joining live from Dubai.


Why the name: Dar es Salaam?
Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam
I always thought that the name of the Tanzanian city Dar es Salaam had something to do with peace, since it made me think of the Arabic greeting As-salamu alaykum which means peace be upon you. Great was my joy when I found out that it was indeed true. Dar es Salaam means 'the abode of peace' or 'the house of peace.'
Flag of Tanzania
Flag of Tanzania
Formerly Mzizima or 'the healthy town' in Kiswahili, Dar es Salaam is Tanzania's largest and richest city today. It is a regional important economic center. In the 19th century, it was a coastal fishing village on the periphery of the Indian ocean trade routes. In 1865, Sultan Majid bin Said of Zanzibar began building a city near Mzizima, and named it Dar es Salaam or harbor/haven of peace with Dar in Arabic meaning house, and es salaam meaning peace. Dar es Salaam fell into decline after Sultan Majid's death in 1870, but was revived in 1887 when the German East Africa Company established a station there. The town's growth was facilitated by its role as the administrative and commercial centre of German East Africa and industrial expansion resulting from the construction of the Central Railway Line in the early 1900s.
Map of Tanzania
Map of Tanzania
As Germany lost World War I, German East Africa was captured by the British and from then on was referred to as Tanganyika. Dar es Salaam was retained as the territory's administrative and commercial centre. Under British indirect rule, separate European (e.g., Oyster Bay) and African (e.g., Kariakoo and Ilala) areas developed at a distance from the city center. The town's population also included a large number of south Asians. After World War II, Dar es Salaam experienced a period of rapid growth including political development with the formation of the Tanganyika African National Union or TANU which will lead Tanganyika to independence from British rule in 1961.
Dar es Salaam, once the capital of Tanzania, lost its status of capital city to Dodoma in 1974. Please enjoy the singer Momba who sings Dar es Salaam, and feel at peace in this haven.
3 thoughts on "Why the name: Dar es Salaam?
 Im really impressed by it.
 Hi there, You've done a great job. I will definitely digg it and in my
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text:
Condensation Heat Transfer Characteristics of R-134a Inside Vertical Helically Coiled Tube-In-Shell Type Heat Exchanger
In this study, condensation heat transfer coefficients of R-134a inside a vertical helical coiled tube are
experimentally investigated. The inner tubes comprise of one smooth straight tube, and one vertical helical coiled tube. The
experimental measurements are carried out at saturation temperature of 35o, with mass flux of 115, 156 and 191 kg m-2s-1.
The effect of mass flux, and vapor quality of R-134a on the heat transfer coefficients are examined. Comparisons between
smooth straight tube, and vertical helical coiled tube are also discussed. The results show that the vertical helical coiled tube
produces a higher heat transfer coefficient compared to smooth straight tube.
Keywords - Condensation, Heat transfer coefficient, R-134a, vertical helical coiled tube.


text:
Located just north of the present City Hall, the
natural spring-fed Collect Pond was the main source of fresh water
for New York City until the Croton Aqueduct system was opened.
The African American burial ground was adjacent
to Collect Pond, along with the city armory and a tannery. Gunpowder,
animal slaughter, and burial sites must not have made for a pleasant
A canal was built to drain the now fetid pond,
and that canal later was paved over to form Canal Street. On early
maps of the city, such as the Montresor map of 1767, one can see
the low marshy ground, which demanded drainage.
John Fitch is said to have tested his steam
engine in Collect Pond in 1793, and there are numerous commemorative
maps attesting to his experiments, which predated the work of Robert


text:
Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa
|Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa|
|Associations||World Communion of Reformed Churches|
|Branched from||Dutch Reformed Church|
The Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (Verenigende Gereformeerde Kerk in Suid-Afrika) was formed by the union of the black and coloured Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk mission churches.
Main markers in the URCSA'S history
In 1652 the Dutch formed a halfway station at the Cape and introduced slavery by whites.
Various foreign mission organisations started working in South Africa, which led to the formation of a number of denominations amongst those people who otherwise would have been excluded from the main churches.
This process motivated the Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk (NGK) in South Africa to start its own independent mission work.
In 1857 the NGK synod decided to have separate services for coloured members.
A separate church, the Dutch Reformed Mission Church (DRMC) was formed in 1881.
For blacks, the Dutch Reformed Church in Africa (DRCA) was formed in 1951.
In 1974 the synod of the DRCA decided in favour of church unity. In 1978 the DRMC decided likewise.
In 1986 the Belhar Confession - with its strong emphasis on unity, reconciliation and justice - was formulated and adopted by the DRMC.
In 1994 the DRMC and the DRCA united to form the Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA).
The joy which marked the formal unification of the Dutch Reformed Church in Africa (DRCA) and the Dutch Reformed Mission Church (DRMC) in 1994 to form the Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA), should be seen against the background of a very difficult road on which church unity often appeared as being an unattainable goal.
Shortly after the Dutch formed a halfway station at the Cape in 1652, they introduced slavery. They started a school for slaves, with the purpose of transferring the Dutch language and culture. To encourage slaves to learn the Dutch language and prayers, they were rewarded with tobacco and brandy.
The Dutch East India Company, as a matter of policy, had all their slaves baptised. The Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) of the time had no organised mission activity, with the result that the baptism of slaves were left to the wilfulness of their masters. Baptised slaves also did not necessarily become members of the church.
In 1737 Georg Schmidt from the Moravian Church came to Cape Town to work amongst the Khoikhoi of the Overberg. Pressurised by the Cape church, he was forced to leave for Germany again after seven years. In the course of time various mission organisations from overseas started working in South Africa, which led to the formation of a number of denominations amongst those people who else would have been excluded from the church.
This process motivated the DRC to start its own independent mission work. This new development started at the church's first synod of 1824, when it decided to allow missionaries within its own ranks. This was clearly a move to get control over the way in which mission work would be done in years to follow. "The Afrikaner abhorred the liberal views of equality, freedom and the social integration of many missionaries (from the foreign mission societies)". Although at its 1829 synod the DRC formally rejected discrimination on the basis of skin colour, it did not mean that in practice people of colour were not discriminated against, particularly at worship services and holy communion.
The DRC synod's decision of 1857 about separate services for coloured members "because of the weakness of some", has become notorious. The next logical step was the formation of a separate church. In 1881 representatives of five mission congregations assembled in Wellington near Cape Town for the first meeting of the DRMC. The DRC reserved the right to veto all decisions by this newly formed church. Also all its buildings had to be transferred on the DRC's name. The DRC decided to divide its mission work into a "home" and "foreign" mission. The first covered the Cape region, the second all the other provinces of South Africa, including Namibia. In each province separate churches for blacks and coloureds were formed. The Free State had its own mission church already in 1910.
In the Cape a separate "Dutch Reformed Bantu Church" was formed in 1951. All the coloured congregations eventually joined the DRMC, and the black congregations the DRCA. In 1974 the synod of the DRCA decided in favour of church unity. In 1978 the DRMC decided likewise.It took another 16 years for that ideal to be fulfilled. In the process, the Belhar Confession with its strong emphasis on unity, reconciliation and justice was formulated and adopted in 1986. This is still very much the motivating power by which the URCSA today lives.
The Uniting Reformed Church consists of approximately 1,230 000 members of them about 500,000 confessing members (excluding all those who are only baptised) and 683 congregations. Its name (which is in the continuous tense) and its logo (which is an incomplete circle) reflects the Church's emphasis on unity, and its hope for an even greater church unification within the family of God.
The Church is consisted of hudreds of congregations, these congregations belong to the regional presbytery and several presbyteries form a Synod. The Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa consist of seven regional synods, namely Namibia, Northern Transvaal, Southern Transvaal, Phororo (Northern Cape), Cape, Kwazulu-Natal, Free State and Lesotho. Each region has its own moderamen, and every congregation is represented at these synods. Congregations are grouped together in presbyteries. At the general synod level congregations are only represented through their presbyteries. The general synod determines the Church's policy, and the regional synods see to it that these policies are reflected in their various activities.
2006-11-06/08, 127 representatives of the Reformed Church in Africa, The Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa and Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk met at Achterbergh near Krugersdorp to discuss the reunification of the family of DRC churches and how this can be realized.
The Dutch Reformed Churches Union Act Repeal Bill [B69-2008] in the Parliament of South Africa has one of its objectives as to 'remove obstacles in the unification process of the Verenigde Gereformeerde Kerk, Reformed Church of Africa and the Dutch Reformed Churches without legislative intervention.' This is now Dutch Reformed Churches Union Act Repeal Act 46 of 2008.
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text:
The Gordon MacMillan Southam Observatory in Vancouver provides a window into space through its 1/2 metre Cassegrain telescope.
After the completion of the nearby H.R. MacMillan Space Centre in 1968, the Gordon MacMillan Southam Observatory was built in 1979 to explore the night sky and aids in the research of interesting phenomenon, studying of the moon and even the sun.
Inside its 10 metre diameter and hemispherical dome, the Gordon MacMillan Southam Observatory features a 1/2 metre Cassegrain telescope (more specifically, the telescope is a 1/2 metre, f/16 classical Cassegrain reflector telescope on a fork-style equatorial mount, and equipped with a 15cm f/15 refractor guidescope [telescope diagram]) which is fully computer controlled and is used for research and to educate the public.
Every clear Saturday evening from 8:00pm and well into the night, visitors can step into the shoes of an astronomer and check out the inside of this futuristic observatory. Computers, TV monitors and the Observatory's star attraction, its telescope, provides a look into the operations of the building and the work being done there. Staff and volunteers are on hand to answer questions and help identify what visitors are looking at through the telescope or just to talk about celestial events and other night sky phenomenon.
Open year round, the Gordon MacMillan Southam Observatory is the perfect place to spend an evening learning about the night sky. Don't miss the opportunity to take a peek into outer space every Friday and Saturday evening!
Use the interactive map below to locate and explore the areas around Gordon MacMillan Southam Observatory - Vancouver, British ColumbiaBeside the H.R. MacMillan Space Centre at 1100 Chestnut Street
Click the brown GEMS on the map to navigate to the other activities within this region


text:
What is the molar absorptivity of crystal violet?
When dissolved in water, the dye has a blue-violet colour with an absorbance maximum at 590 nm and an extinction coefficient of 87,000 M−1 cm−1. The colour of the dye depends on the acidity of the solution.
Is Crystal Violet dangerous?
Environmental The product contains a substance which may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Hazard statements H350 May cause cancer. H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
How does crystal violet inhibit growth?
Crystal violet has an antibacterial action against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis. The effect of the dye, measured as minimum inhibitory concentration or retardation of growth, increases as the pH rises from 6 to 8. Gram‐negative organisms, such as E.
Is Crystal Violet acidic or basic?
If the color portion of the dye resides in the positive ion, as in the above case, it is called a basic dye (examples: methylene blue, crystal violet, safranin). If the color portion is in the negatively charged ion, it is called an acidic dye (examples: nigrosin, congo red).
Is safranin basic or acidic?
Safranin is a basic biological dye commonly used as a counter-stain in some of the staining protocols like gram staining.
How does crystal violet assay work?
It relies on the detachment of adherent cells from cell culture plates during cell death. During the assay, dead detached cells are washed away. The remaining attached live cells are stained with Crystal violet. After a wash step, the Crystal violet dye is solubilized and measured by absorbance at 595 nm.
What are examples of acidic dyes?
Acid dyes stain acidophilic structures (e.g. cytoplasm, basic tissue proteins). Examples of acid dyes are Indian ink, congo red, nigrosoine.
What is the most commonly used dye?
Reactive dyes are the most permanent of all dye types and are the most common type of dye used on cotton and other cellulose fibers.
What is acidic and basic dye?
Acidic Dyes: It is dye which has negative charge so they bind to positively charged cell structures like some proteins. Basic Dyes: This dye have positive charge & bind to negatively charged molecules(nucleic acid, -COOH -OH).
Is India ink acidic or basic?
India Ink or Nigrosin is an acidic stain. This means that the stain readily gives up a hydrogen ion (proton) and the chromophore of the dye becomes negatively charged. Since the surface of most bacterial cells is negatively charged, the cell surface repels the stain.
How do you use Indian ink?
3:55Suggested clip · 114 secondsHow To Use India Ink – YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clip
Why is it called India Ink?
India ink was first invented in China, but the English term India(n) ink was coined due to their later trade with India. In India, the carbon black from which India ink is formulated was obtained indigenously by burning bones, tar, pitch, and other substances.
Is India ink permanent?
Probably the most renowned ink, Indian ink is a permanent, opaque black.
Is India ink safe?
Use India Ink Ink, like the ink from your pen, is not sterile and can be highly toxic. A non-toxic ink, like India ink, would be your best bet. It's natural, carbon-based, and less likely to cause infection. India ink is super cheap, and you can buy tons of it at your local art supply store.
Is India ink washable?
Washable Fabrics Pretreat the stain with heavy-duty liquid detergent. Rinse. Soak fabric in dilute solution of all-fabric powdered bleach. If stain persists and garment is white or colorfast, soak entire garment in diluted solution of liquid chlorine bleach and water.


text: 1. Scope of application: fetal heart rate measurement 2. If not used for a long time, please remove the battery 3. This instrument is a check tool for fetal heart rate and cannot replace the fetal monitoring function. 4. The length of the line cannot exceed 1.5 meters. 5. The life of the instrument is 5 years. 6. Cannot be placed together with instruments with strong electromagnetic interference.


text:
Museum Brings Attention to Our Slave History
Members of the community deepened their knowledge about slavery when the George Museum commemorated Emancipation Day on Monday, 3 December 2012.
Slavery forms a part of our universal heritage. An education programme hosted by the Department of Cultural Affairs and Sport, Social Development and Correctional Services in George and others showcased the history of slavery in the knowledge that being able to move forward requires a clear understanding of the past.
Grade 7 learners from Thylolora, Kretzenhoop and Blanco Primary Schools in George gained valuable additions to their knowledge of this important part of the school curriculum. An ex-offender spoke about his experience in prison, and artists entertained the audience with poetry and music.
The Southern Cape has a deep connection with the history of slavery. The first Slave Anniversary Memorial was erected at Elim near Bredasdorp on 1 December 1938 to commemorate the centenary of the emancipation of slaves in the Cape Colony. Slaves were sold in front of the George Museum on a piece of land that has been renamed "Unity Park". Ms Thozama Ngcoko of the museum said the rich history of the area makes everyone proud to live in George.
The Department has decided that, from 2012, all affiliated museums in the province will commemorate Emancipation Day on 1 December every year. It is evident that the George Museum event heightened people's awareness of the important role of slavery in our shared history


Wikia
Vim Tips Wiki
Use :next to search for files in the current directory
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Tip 1535 Printable Monobook Previous Next
created 2007 · complexity basic · author Yaojg · version 7.0
Vim's find only accepts exact file names. It does not accept wild chars like * and **.
:next is good way to search for files in the current directory.
For example, if the current directory is d:/vim/reason,
:next **/*Filter.java
searchs all the files in d:/vim directory recursively to find files whose names are suffixed with Filter.java.
:help :next
CommentsEdit
 TO DO
 - Explain the point of this tip, as opposed to using other tools that may be more suited to the task.
 - Can the built-in :Explore command be used?
 - Shouldn't the help be to :next_f rather than :next?
 - The "for example" is unnecessarily confusing. There is no reason to have an example with "vim" in the path. Also, delete the "d:" – it serves no purpose.
 - Does the command really search the parent directory like the words suggest?
Is there a way to make it search the full path, and not just current directory?
Rough merge in of material by User talk:Chuck ForbishEdit
I use the following mappings to iterate through files in my argument list (:args).
nmap <c-right> :n<CR>
nmap <c-left> :N<CR>
Using control and an arrow key is much faster than typing ':cn<CR>'.
Similarly you can use the up and down arrows for going back and forth for the times there is more than one matching tag.
nmap <C-Down> :tn<CR>
nmap <C-Up> :tN<CR>
These key sequences support repeating if kept pressed.
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text:
If you visit the Royal Botanic Garden in Sydney, take a few minutes to look for a small bridge over a stream near the Wollemi Pine, 'Australia's homegrown Christmas tree', close to the information booth.
This is Macquarie Culvert.
The two brick arches were built as part of the construction of Mrs Macquarie's Road, which Nicholas Delaney and his gang finished on her birthday in June 1816. They had a double purpose: a drain for the creek's water, and a bridge.
Built from sandstock brick, the culvert is both typical of early 19th-century drain construction and historically significant, the historian Anna Wong says. But at the end of the 20th century it was in a state of disrepair, with most of the mortar gone and a rare giant fern's roots threatening to damage it further.
And the original road was covered with two centuries' worth of sediment. "It is one of the oldest-known sections of road in Sydney, but its existence surprised archaeologists and heritage architects from the Department of Public Works and Services when they began to dig," says the Sydney Morning Herald.
A joint team from the department and the RBG set out to conserve and restore Macquarie Culvert and the surface of the road Nicholas and his men laid nearly 200 years ago. Then the road was re-covered to preserve it for the future.
Of course, it's exciting for me as a descendant of Nicholas Delaney to know that his brick bridge still exists and has been restored, but how important is it as part of Australian history?
As Anna Wong points out, "The age and material used within its historical context makes it a significant item. Other culverts and bridges were built during the early nineteenth century, but most have collapsed or were dismantled due to poor construction and inadequate knowledge.
"This brick culvert appears to be the only brick example from this period."
So – did Nicholas build the oldest bridge in Australia?
But Macquarie Culvert beats them both. True, it's not so big or so well-known, but at a date of 1816 at the very latest, it is certainly the oldest surviving bridge in Australia.
Not a bad achievement for an illiterate peasant and transported convict.
When we were writing our book, A Rebel Hand: Nicholas Delaney of 1798, the reconstruction was still to take place and several of Nicholas's descendants were lobbying for the preservation of the stretches of his original road that still existed. It exciting to think that this part is safe for at least the next 100 years, according to the Public Works and Services department.
"The best thing is that the culvert is not high and dry in a museum," the Gardens' acting curator, Ian Innes, said at the time. "This is still working as a culvert."
I haven't got a picture of Macquarie Culvert to show you, unfortunately. A few weeks ago I emailed the Royal Botanic Gardens to ask if they would let me use one of their photos but I haven't heard back from them and I haven't found one under Creative Commons on the net.
I found useful information about early nineteenth-century drains in Anna Wong's paper in Australasian Historical Archaeology, 17, 1999 and about the restoration of Macquarie Culvert in James Woodford's article in the Sydney Morning Herald of June 24, 2002.
The AHA article also has an old photo of Macquarie Culvert before restoration. As I can't give a hyperlink to it (it's a PDF) here's a screenshot. You can find the article on Google.


Home | | Medical Physiology | Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow
Chapter: Medical Physiology: Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brain Metabolism
| Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail |
Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow
As in most other vascular areas of the body, cerebral blood flow is highly related to metabolism of the tissue.
Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow
As in most other vascular areas of the body, cerebral blood flow is highly related to metabolism of the tissue. At least three metabolic factors have potent effects in con-trolling cerebral blood flow: (1) carbon dioxide concentration, (2) hydrogen ion con-centration, and (3) oxygen concentration.
Increase of Cerebral Blood Flow in Response to Excess Carbon Dioxide or Excess Hydrogen Ion Concentration. An increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the arterial blood per-fusing the brain greatly increases cerebral blood flow. This is demonstrated in Figure 61–1, which shows that a 70 per cent increase in arterial PCO2 approximately doubles cerebral blood flow.
 Carbon dioxide is believed to increase cerebral blood flow by combining first with water in the body fluids to form carbonic acid, with subsequent dissociation of this acid to form hydrogen ions. The hydrogen ions then cause vasodilation of the cere-bral vessels—the dilation being almost directly proportional to the increase in hydrogen ion concentration up to a blood flow limit of about twice normal.
 Any other substance that increases the acidity of the brain tissue, and therefore increases hydrogen ion concentration, will likewise increase cerebral blood flow. Such substances include lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and any other acidic material formed during the course of tissue metabolism.
Importance of Cerebral Blood Flow Control by Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Ions. Increasedhydrogen ion concentration greatly depresses neuronal activity. Therefore, it is for-tunate that an increase in hydrogen ion concentration also causes an increase in blood flow, which in turn carries hydrogen ions, carbon dioxide, and other acid-forming substances away from the brain tissues. Loss of carbon dioxide removes carbonic acid from the tissues; this, along with removal of other acids, reduces the hydrogen ion concentration back toward normal. Thus, this mechanism helps main-tain a constant hydrogen ion concentration in the cerebral fluids and thereby helps to maintain a normal, constant level of neuronal activity.
Oxygen Deficiency as a Regulator of Cerebral Blood Flow. Except during periods of intensebrain activity, the rate of utilization of oxygen by the brain tissue remains within narrow limits—almost exactly 3.5 (± 0.2) milliliters of oxygen per 100 grams of brain tissue per minute.
If blood flow to the brain ever becomes insufficient to supply this needed amount of oxygen, the oxygen defi-ciency mechanism for causing vasodilation immediately causes vasodilation, returning the brain blood flow and transport of oxygen to the cerebral tissues to near normal. Thus, this local blood flow regulatory mecha-nism is almost exactly the same in the brain as in coro-nary blood vessels, in skeletal muscle, and in most other circulatory areas of the body.
Experiments have shown that a decrease in cerebral tissue PO2below about 30 mm Hg (normal value is 35 to40 mm Hg) immediately begins to increase cerebral blood flow. This is fortuitous because brain function becomes deranged at not much lower values of PO2, especially so at PO2 levels below 20 mm Hg. Even coma can result at these low levels. Thus, the oxygen mecha-nism for local regulation of cerebral blood flow is a very important protective response against diminished cere-bral neuronal activity and, therefore, against derange-ment of mental capability.
Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow, and Effect of Brain Activ- ity on the Flow. A method has been developed to recordblood flow in as many as 256 isolated segments of the human cerebral cortex simultaneously. To do this, a radioactive substance, such as radioactive xenon, is injected into the carotid artery; then the radioactivity of each segment of the cortex is recorded as the radioac-tive substance passes through the brain tissue. For this purpose, 256 small radioactive scintillation detectors are pressed against the surface of the cortex. The rapidity of rise and decay of radioactivity in each tissue segment is a direct measure of the rate of blood flow through that segment.
Using this technique, it has become clear that blood flow in each individual segment of the brain changes as much as 100 to 150 per cent within seconds in response to changes in local neuronal activity. For instance, simply making a fist of the hand causes an immedi-ate increase in blood flow in the motor cortex of the opposite side of the brain. Reading a book increases the blood flow, especially in the visual areas of the occipital cortex and in the language perception areas of the tem-poral cortex. This measuring procedure can also be used for localizing the origin of epileptic attacks because local brain blood flow increases acutely and markedly at the focal point of each attack.
Demonstrating the effect of local neuronal activity on cerebral blood flow, Figure 61–2 shows a typical increase in occipital blood flow recorded in a cat's brain when intense light is shined into its eyes for one-half minute.
Autoregulation of Cerebral Blood Flow When the Arterial Pressure Changes. Cerebral blood flow is "autoregulated"extremely well between arterial pressure limits of 60 and 140 mm Hg. That is, mean arterial pressure can be decreased acutely to as low as 60 mm Hg or increased to as high as 140 mm Hg without significant change in cerebral blood flow. And, in people who have hyper-tension, autoregulation of cerebral blood flow occurs even when the mean arterial pressure rises to as high as 160 to 180 mm Hg. This is demonstrated in Figure 61–3, which shows cerebral blood flow measured both in persons with normal blood pressure and in hypertensive and hypotensive patients. Note the extreme constancy of cerebral blood flow between the limits of 60 and 180 mm Hg mean arterial pressure. But, if the arterial pressure falls below 60 mm Hg, cerebral blood flow then does become severely decreased.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Controlling Cerebral Blood Flow. The cerebral circulatory system has strongsympathetic innervation that passes upward from the superior cervical sympathetic ganglia in the neck and then into the brain along with the cerebral arteries. This innervation supplies both the large brain arteries and the arteries that penetrate into the substance of the brain. However, transection of the sympathetic nerves or mild to moderate stimulation of them usually causes very little change in cerebral blood flow because the blood flow autoregulation mechanism can override the nervous effects.
When mean arterial pressure rises acutely to an exceptionally high level, such as during strenuous exercise or during other states of excessive circulatory activity, the sympathetic nervous system normally con-stricts the large- and intermediate-sized brain arteries enough to prevent the high pressure from reaching the smaller brain blood vessels. This is important in pre-venting vascular hemorrhages into the brain—that is, for preventing the occurrence of "cerebral stroke."
Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail
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This is a term commonly used in conjunction with being reflective. Reflexivity is about being able to recognise the influence of oneself on a situation. This influence may involve the influence of age, illness, physical, racial characteristics; other material considerations such as economic class; psychological elements such as emotional and cognitive aspects; social aspects (for example gender, ethnicity); historical and cultural contexts; and structural factors (for example social class). Being reflexive involves being able to locate and understand yourself from those above perspectives, which then enables you to be aware of whatever thinking, biases or blind spots might be influencing the way you interpret people and situations, and therefore the way you practice (DHSC, 2018).


text:
People raised in the former mining town of Wittenoom in Western Australia have been hit by a wave of cancers and untimely deaths many decades following the closure of a nearby blue-asbestos mine in 1966.
The Herald Sun reports that a new Australian study examining the long-term impact of the mine on the health of town residents has found that children living in Wittenoom in the forties, fifties and sixties have suffered from far higher rates of a broad range of diseases.
Girls raised in the town were more likely to developer asbestos-related mesothelioma, as well as ovarian and brain cancers, while boys had higher rates of mesothelioma, leukemia, prostate, brain and colorectal cancer.
Childhood residents also suffered from a higher rate of early deaths and circulatory and nervous diseases, with the town's girls 20 – 47% and the town's boys 50 – 83% more likely to die of any cause compared to Western Australia's general population.
Wittenoom was originally situated only 1.6km from the mine, yet was shifted 12km further away in 1947 following local population growth.


text:
Corin R. Anderson, David E. Smith, and Daniel S. Weld
Graphplan has attracted considerable interest because of its extremely high performance, but the algorithm's inability to handle action representations more expressive than STRIPS is a major limitation. In particular, extending Graphplan to handle conditional effects is a surprisingly subtle enterprise. In this paper, we describe the space of possible alternatives, and then concentrate on one particular approach we call factored expansion. Factored expansion splits an action with conditional effects into several new actions called components, one for each conditional effect. Because these action components are not independent, factored expansion complicates both the mutual exclusion and backward chaining phases of Graphplan. As compensation, factored expansion often produces dramatically smaller domain models than does the more obvious full-expansion into exclusive STRIPS actions. We present experimental results showing that factored expansion dominates full expansion on large problems.


text:
Biography of George Henry Thomas
Biography of Samuel Woodfill
Medal of Honor Profile: Samuel Woodfill
Medal of Honor Profile: Don Carlos Faith, Jr.
Medal of Honor Profile: Thomas Doherty
There are many ways to learn more about Fort Thomas and its rich history. First, try visiting the Fort Thomas Military and Community Museum. The museum is open Wednesday through Sunday, 2:00PM to 4:00PM.
This project was a joint effort between the City of Fort Thomas, InstantAccessTours, and Brian Sauer.
Developed by Brian Sauer and InstantAccessTours.


text:
extend_rectype_net : string * ('a * 'b * thm) -> unit
Extends internal store of distinctness and injectivity theorems for a new
HOL Light maintains several data structures based on the current set of
distinctness and injectivity theorems for the inductive data type so far
defined. A call extend_rectype_net ("tyname",(_,_,rth)) where rth is the
recursion theorem for the type as returned as the second item from
define_type, extend these structures for a new type. Two arguments are
ignored just for regularity with some other internal data structures.
- FAILURE CONDITIONS
Never fails, even if the theorem is malformed.
This function is called automatically by define_type, and normally users will
not need to invoke it explicitly.
- SEE ALSO
basic_rectype_net, define_type, distinctness_store, injectivity_store.


Baked Recipes
Recipe: Yummy Pizza Overload
Pizza Overload.
Pizza Overload You can have Pizza Overload using 10 ingredients and 4 steps. Here is how you achieve that.
Ingredients of Pizza Overload
 1. It's 1 cup of flour.
 2. It's 2 of egg.
 3. You need 1 tsp of sugar.
 4. You need 1 of little bit salt.
 5. You need of Melted butter.
 6. It's 1 tsp of yeast, soak in water.
 7. It's Half of pack bacon.
 8. Prepare 1 can of pineapple tidbits.
 9. It's of Cheese.
 10. Prepare of Tomato sauce.
Pizza Overload step by step
 1. In a bowl mix flour, salt and sugar mix well. Then pour yeast, egg, melted butter then mix well. Then start to knead.
 2. After kneading place in a bowl and cover the dough. Let it rise for an hour.
 3. After an hour, knead dough again then form into a ball and start to form into a pizza or round..
 4. Brush tomato sauce on the surface then add all the toppings. Pre heat oven at 250c then bake for 18 mins.
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Create a Date Range
HomeExcel FormulasCreate a Date Range
While working in data where you have dates, you might have to create a range of dates. A range is something that has a start date and an end date.
In this tutorial, you will learn to create a date range.
Create a Date Range Starting from Today
Now let's say you want to create a date range of seven days starting from today.
In the following example, we have today's date in cell A1 which we have got by using today's function.
date-range-starting-from-today
=A1+7
To create a date range, follow these simple steps:
 1. Enter the "=" in cell B1, or any other cell.
 2. Refer to cell A1, or where you have the starting date of the range.
 3. Use the "+" sign to add days to today's date.
 4. Specify the number of days you want to add to today's date.
create-a-date-range
Create a Date Range in a Single Cell
Let's go a little further and create a date range in a single cell.
And for this, we need to combine both starting date and the ending date in a single cell. But the problem is when you try to combine two dates within a single cell it returns something like below.
create-a-date-range-in-a-single-cell
Now to overcome this problem we need to use the TEXT function to convert dates into text and then combine them as a range of dates.
The formula would be something like the one below.
text-function-for-date-range
=TEXT(A1,"dd/mmm/yy")&" — "&TEXT(B1,"dd/mmm/yy")
Now as you can see, we have a range of dates in cell C1 starting from 8-Feb-22 to 15-Feb-22. And if you want to create a range of dates in a single cell, you can use the following formula.
=TEXT(TODAY(),"dd/mmm/yy")&" — "&TEXT(A1+7,"dd/mmm/yy")
In the part about using the TEXT function, you can change the format of the date the way you want.
🔙 Excel Formulas \ 📂 sample-file


text:
Webb School of Knoxville Middle School science teacher Kirk Beckendorf has been named a 2015 Science Communication Fellow by Dr. Robert Ballard's (discoverer of the Titanic) Ocean Exploration Trust (OET), and in September, will set sail aboard the Exploration Vessel (E/V) Nautilus during its 2015 scientific expedition. The E/V Nautilus is one of only two ships in the world dedicated to ocean exploration.
Beckendorf joins the Corps of Exploration aboard E/V Nautilus as they use remote operating vehicles (ROVs) to explore the ocean floor and sea life off the coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. He will stand watch alongside scientists and engineers, as well as participate in live interactions with shore-based audiences via Nautilus Live (_URL_
), a 24-hour web portal bringing expeditions from the ocean to future explorers on shore.
Beckendorf's involvement will help immerse Webb School students in real-world science and engineering. While Beckendorf is on the Nautilus, eighth grade engineering and robotics teacher, Miller Callaway, will lead Webb students in building, designing and testing their own underwater ROVs; and learning how and why ROVs can be used in ocean exploration. The students will stay in close contact with Beckendorf through email, the Nautilus Live website and Skype-type calls directly to the ship.
Beckendorf was one of 28 educators and 26 students from around the world to be selected by the OET to join the Nautilus Corps of Exploration during its six-month expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, Galápagos Islands, and Eastern Pacific Ocean. The selected educators and students hail from schools, universities, science centers, aquaria, and non-profit organizations in 25 states in the United States, and five countries. As a Science Communication Fellow, Beckendorf is charged with the responsibility of engaging students and the public in the wonders of ocean exploration, sharing discoveries from the expedition, as well as inviting others to learn aspects of daily life aboard a working exploration vessel.
"I am both thrilled and humbled to have this exciting opportunity to be a part of bringing real world ocean science, engineering and exploration to the students at Webb School and to students of all ages across the globe," Beckendorf said. "Although Knoxville is miles from Earth's ocean, it still has major effects on Tennessee, and the people in this landlocked state significantly impact the ocean," he continued. "I hope to excite students with the opportunities that exist for them in the ocean sciences and help them think deeply about the connections between Earth's ecosystems."
The OET was founded in 2008 by Ballard to explore the ocean, seeking out new discoveries in the fields of geology, biology, maritime history, archaeology, physics, and chemistry while pushing the boundaries of STEM education and technological innovation.
"One of the major goals of our Nautilus Exploration Program is to inspire the next generation of explorers in STEM fields," said OET Executive Vice President, Dr. Katy Croff Bell, in an OET release, "so we are very excited to provide educators and students with the direct experience of ocean exploration, while allowing them the opportunity to share their experiences far and wide with their peers."
The public, scientists, educators, and students can join Kirk Beckendorf's seagoing adventure via streaming video on the Nautilus Live website (_URL_
), or follow the expedition on social media – on Twitter _USER_
and on Facebook or Instagram
at Nautilus Live


pipsissewa
(redirected from prince's pine)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
Related to prince's pine: princess pine
pipsissewa (pip·siˑ·s·w),
n Latin name:
Chimaphila umbellata; part used: dried herb; uses: astringent, antispasmodic, anxiolytic, seizures, kidney stones, skin ulcerations, diabetes, urinary infections; precautions: pregnancy, lactation, children, ulcers (peptic and duodenal), Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, diabetes mellitus, GERD, iron deficiency. Also called
ground holly, prince's pine, spotted wintergreen, or
wintergreen.