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Real time phase encoded MR for assessment of acute variability of central pulse wave velocity
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 14, Article number: W51 (2012)
The variability of pulse wave velocity (PWV) with changing arterial wall stress may reflect the degree of aortic stiffness independent of arterial pressure. We implemented a real-time MR flow technique so as to be able to assess acute changes in PWV due to affected arterial blood and/or intra thoracic pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of rapid PWV assessment using the real time MR technique.
We developed a novel real-time MR dual-slice protocol (RT-DS), with interleaved through-plane acquisitions of projected left to right velocity to rapidly measure central pulse wave velocity (PWV). An automated in-house post-processing tool measures mean velocity pulse wave transit time and aortic length, permitting PWV assessment from projected image data. In a pulsatile flow phantom, RT-DS-derived PWV was validated against pressure-wire-PWV (gold-standard) and in-plane 2D phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI). In 17 healthy adult volunteer scans (mean age, 32 ± 7; mean arterial blood pressure 89 ± 7 mmHg), agreement of PWV by RT-DS was compared with in-plane PC-MRI.
Excellent correlation of assessed PWV between pressure wire (6.35 ± 0.18 m/s) and both RT-DS and PC-MRI scans were observed, (6.20 ± 0.61 m/s, P = 0.70, and 6.33 ± 0.70 m/s, P=0.96, respectively), in vitro. Volunteer velocity profiles with located wave 'foot' locations using both MR scanning protocols are shown in the figure below for comparison. In the volunteer cohort, the RT-DS and PC-MRI scans showed a correlation of 0.9, (r2=0.25, P > 0.04). RT-DS derived PWV was lower than standard PC-MRI (mean difference, -0.46 ± 0.78 m/s). Inter-scan variability of PWV by RT-DS was 0.41±0.32 m/s. Regional PWV between ascending/descending and descending/abdominal aorta lacked reproducibility.
Real-time dual-slice projection phase-contrast MRIS is accurate and reproducible to assess the aortic PWV. The method has potential to detect acute the variability of PWV in response to variation in arterial blood and/or intra thoracic pressure as a measure of arterial stiffness.
Medical Research Council, UK.
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Cite this article
Gaddum, N., Schaeffter, T. & Beerbaum, P.B. Real time phase encoded MR for assessment of acute variability of central pulse wave velocity. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 14 (Suppl 1), W51 (2012). _URL_


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An Investigation of the Baishatun Matsu Volunteer Associations in Central Taiwan
Gong Tian Temple, the religious center of Baishatun of Miaoli County, was founded in 1863. The Baishatun Matsu pilgrimage has more than a century of history. One major characteristic of Baishatun Mazu pilgrimage is that it is without a fixed route. The unique feature of the pilgrimage is that Matsu directs the schedule and the route. The Baishatun Matsu pilgrimage starts from Tonghsiao in Miaoli County to Beigang Chao-Tien Temple in Yunlin County. The common route of the Pilgrimage is across the coastal area of Miaoli County, Taichung City, Chang-Hua County, and Yun-Lin County. Some sincere polgrims calls for their friends and families to do something about the Baishatun Matsu pilgrimage. They prepare food, water, and plain raincoat, then they send to the people who follow the Baishatun Mazu pilgrimage by foot (xiang-deng-jiao). These people set up volunteer association to do more things about Baishatun Matsu pilgrimage. This examination was guided by the following research questions: What reasons cause those people to do such voluntary work? Where do they come from? In considering the structure of the volunteer associations. This start the field research of the Baishatun Matsu pilgrimage form 2012 to 2015, and talk with the key members of these volunteer associations. Most of them say that they organize the association because the Baishatun Matsu palanquin once parked in front of their house. Before that, these founders of the associations don't understand about the pilgrimage. The important finding from these data suggests two types of organization; One type can be called as missionary type, which means that they just sent out food, water, and plain raincoat to the "xiang-deng-jiao". Another type can be called as normal type which means that they run more like a normal Matsu association. They tend to do more things for Baishatun Matsu. Such the finding may account in part for the reason of the people to do such voluntary work. The results of the present study that might profitably be addressed by future researchers in the area. Accounting for why more than more people from another County of Taiwan to follow the Baishatun Mazu pilgrimage by foot remains for future research.
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FWC: Florida family finds rare, two-headed snake at their residence
two-headed snake, citrus gazette, florida
Courtesy of FWC
Florida — As if 2020 couldn't get any weirder.
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission says they are now caring for a two-headed snake found in Palm Bay, Florida.
The Kay Rodgers family said they found the snake at their residence and notified FWC.
The snake has been identified as a rare two-headed juvenile black racer.
FWC said the birth defect is known as bicephaly. It is uncommon but happens during embryo development when two monozygotic twins failed to separate. When that happens, the two heads remain conjoined on a single body.
According to FWC, the snake head's tongue flick and the heads react movement. However, sometimes the heads react differently.
FWC said they took the snake in because two-headed snakes rarely survive in the wild is due to the fact that the two brains make opposite decisions that inhibit the ability to feed or escape from its predators. Additionally, the snake could be killed by humans who are uneducated about the snake species.
Some believe that two-headed snakes represent evil.
Black racers are completely harmless and beneficial to the environment, especially around the home.


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This paper considers a problem of distributed tracking with consensus on a time-varying graph with noisy communications links. A distributed tracking with consensus algorithm is proposed to handle a time-varying network topology in which every node generates own local tracking estimates and communicates over noisy links. The conditions on the connectivity graph are established so that distributed consensus can be achieved in the presence of noisy communication links when the graph topology is time-varying. The steady-state performance of the proposed distributed tracking with consensus algorithm is analyzed and compared with that of distributed local Kalman filtering with centralized fusion. Simulation results and performance analysis of the proposed algorithm are also given.


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Inside Look: How Mercury Marine Builds its Engines
From scrap metal and castings to painting and testing
January 31, 2016
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Recycled aluminum for engine parts
Raw Materials
Engine blocks start life at Mercury Castings, a business unit of Mercury Marine that started producing castings for the parent product line of marine engines and components nearly 70 years ago. These engine blocks start with recycled aluminum from the machining process, which are sent to the Mercury Castings facility to be re-melted. The resulting molten metal is cast into block components and parts further into the process. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
For more information about Mercury Castings, visit its website.
Raw material bins
Scrap Metal
In the Mercury Castings facility, large bins containing raw materials such as tin, copper, zinc, and aluminum are mixed. These materials are the components used to create Mercalloy, and they have been widely recognized in the industries beyond marine engines for their unique properties achieved at very favorable material and processing costs. Mercury Marine has successfully produced millions of marine engine and other parts over the years, which established the reputation of Mercalloy as "marine aluminum." Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Melting furnace for blending alloys
Melting Furnace
Due to the extreme operating environment of marine engines, metallurgy and related manufacturing processes are exceptionally important, and are considered a core competency. Due to their superb strength-to-weight ratio and fair corrosion resistance, aluminum alloys are a good choice for marine engine components. This melting furnace is where the raw materials for these exclusive alloys come together. The raw materials and scrap metal are heated to prepare them for holding furnaces. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Lost foam control station
Lost Foam Control Station
Most engine blocks Mercury produces starts out as a foam template, stamped with a unique serial number that stays with the engine the rest of its life. The ceramic-coated foam pattern is placed in a crucible that is filled with sand and then compacted. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Pouring molten metal
Lost Foam Pour
Using "lost-foam casting" to produce intricate, single-piece engine parts isn't new, but Mercury Marine put a new spin on improving the manufacturing technology to optimize its outboard technology and quality. In this process, molten metal is poured from a holding furnace through a sprue. The molten metal melts the foam and assumes its shape, replacing it with the Mercury-proprietary aluminum alloy. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Read more about lost foam casting.
Engine block machining
Engine Block Machining
This Mazak machining cell machines Verado in-line four-cylinder and in-line six-cylinder engine blocks along with the bedplates. The block is machined in stages – pre-machining, qualifying machining, and assembly machining. These different stages require the block to be unloaded and reloaded onto different fixtures to allow certain features to be machined. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Machining with robots
Machining
Robots aid certain machining steps for processing and transporting parts from one operation to another. This robot moves the engine block from a linebore machine to a washer. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
EDP paint line
EDP Paint Line
The powerhead components for Mercury Outboards and MerCruiser engines travel along a conveyor through electrodeposition paint (EDP) booths. This process is an important step in the exclusive Mercury Corrosion Protection system. EDP primer creates uniform coverage that seals out the environment. The powder paint top coat is harder, thicker and tougher than conventional paint. In the final step, these components are cured in infrared ovens. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Robot torques bedplate
Assembly
Robots assist with the assembly of Mercury outboards in the 75- to 115-horsepower range. At this station, the robot torques the bedplate to the engine block, which holds the crankshaft connecting rods and pistons in place. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Assembling the block and components
Assembly
Eventually, engine blocks are married to the other engine components on the assembly line. On this assembly line, the engine block travels from one station to another while assemblers attach the correct components at the correct time. Accuracy and quality are key in this process. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Testing after assembly
Testing
Once engines are assembled, they are rigorously tested in a series of quality checks before being boxed and ready for delivery. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Finished Mercury outboard
Finished Product
In the final stages of the process, Mercury engines are cleaned and ready to be boxed. As a final step, they are placed in sturdy shipping containers that will be delivered to a distribution center to await a customer order. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Mercruiser assembly process
MerCruiser Assembly
Mercury MerCruiser sterndrive engines are assembled differently than outboard products. These engines travel through the assembly process on pallets, moving from station to station. The assembler's work instruction is listed on a touch panel in the workstation, telling the assembler the procedure to perform. When the work element is complete, it is checked off on the touch screen, allowing the engine to move to the next station. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
Mercruiser testing
MerCruiser Testing
As a final stage for sterndrives, MerCruiser engines are placed in a testing room and connected to a diagnostic computer. This computer runs a series of tests to ensure the quality of the product before being boxed and ready for delivery. Courtesy of Mercury Marine
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Sustainable Development - Learning at St Fagans: National History Museum
Introduction to the Tŷ Gwyrdd
Compare your own house with this eco-friendly family home. Discover the energy saving features and locally sourced materials that help keep the carbon footprint of the house low.
A general introduction to the Tŷ Gwyrdd. We are able to tailor the session for your group, so let us know what you are studying when you make your booking.
30 minutes, activity led by Museum staff
Go Green @ Tŷ Gwyrdd � KS2
Find out how to save energy and reduce pollution in your everyday life. Explore and complete a quiz to find out how the house uses water, heat, light and electricity.
1 hour, activity led by Museum staff
Sustainable living picture quiz � KS2
Explore the traditional houses at St Fagans to find out how people built houses, cooked food and kept warm in the past.
1 hour, teacher-led activity
Sustainable living � Past Present and Future (Welsh Bacc.)
Suitable for students studying the Sustainable Development and Global Citizenship element of the Welsh Baccalaureate. Gather evidence and take photographs to compare how people lived in the past with how you live today. Consider the impacts on the world around us and discuss ideas to create a more sustainable future.
Teacher-led trail (1hr) and facilitated talk in the Tŷ Gwyrdd (1/2hr)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


East Palo Alto, CA Japanese Tutor
Search for an East Palo Alto, CA Japanese Tutor
Subject: ZIP:
29 Subjects: including Japanese, chemistry, calculus, physics
Pleasanton, CA
8 Subjects: including Japanese, reading, English, writing
Cupertino, CA
Miri S....I also online tutored one student in honors algebra. Additionally, I was a Japanese tutor at Rice for 2 years and speak both Chinese and Japanese fluently as my parents are Chinese and I lived in Japan for 8 years. I really enjoy helping students work through homework, understanding concepts and teaching them tricks and methods to solving problems and building their test taking skills.
28 Subjects: including Japanese, English, reading, writing
San Francisco, CA
14 Subjects: including Japanese, Spanish, English, grammar
San Francisco, CA
Mona D....If you want to learn Chinese language and culture and make a change with your life; if you want to get your AP and SAT Chinese subject examination successful; or by any reason you need a Chinese Mandarin tutor; please schedule a lesson with me, I won't let you down and you will find yourself much...
2 Subjects: including Japanese, Chinese
Dublin, CA


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A study found an association between migraine headaches and breast cancer. In this study, women who got migraines were more than 30% less likely to develop invasive breast cancer compared to women who didn't get migraines.
The researchers reviewed the medical histories, including migraine histories, of nearly 3,500 women ages 55 to 79. More than 2,000 of the women had been diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The researchers compared the risk of breast cancer between women who got migraines and women who didn't get migraines.
- Invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC) was 33% less likely in women who got migraines.
- Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) was 32% less likely in women who got migraines.
Migraine only seemed to affect hormone-receptor-POSITIVE invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC). The risk of hormone-receptor-negative invasive ductal breast cancer was the same whether or not the women got migraines. This result suggests that hormones play a role in how migraines may influence breast cancer risk.
The researchers also looked at whether any migraine treatments might have affected the outcome. But it was definitely the migraines that had the effect on risk, not the migraine treatments.
Estrogen can promote the development and the growth of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Doctors also have seen a link between estrogen levels and migraine headaches in women. When estrogen levels fall -- right before your period, for example -- women who suffer from migraines are more likely to have one. When estrogen levels rise -- during pregnancy, for example -- women who suffer from migraines are less likely to have one.
The researchers think that the same changes in estrogen levels that make a woman prone to having migraines also may cause the lower breast cancer risk they saw in this study.
This type of research offers doctors information on how breast cancer happens and helps them create better ways to prevent or treat breast cancer. Stay tuned to Breastcancer.org for the most up-to-date news on research that shapes the future of breast cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.


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About Spear — Fast Bit-Vector Arithmetic Theorem Prover
Spear is an industrial strength bit-vector arithmetic (a.k.a modular arithmetic, machine arithmetic) decision procedure and a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solver. It's designed for proving software verification conditions, and it's the main tool Calysto uses for bug hunting. Spear is heavily optimized and tested. Spear was one of the first publicly available decision procedures to support all standard operators, including multiplication, division, variable shifts, and so on.
The key ideas behind Spear are:
- The encoding of circuits (bit-vector operators) to propositional logic is highly optimized. I used Tseitin transform, but that's less important, the choice of the actual circuit is much more important. For instance, for encoding division, I used array dividers, as they produce the smallest number of propositional variables. Operations by constants (multiplication, reminder, division) are encoded in a special way so as to minimize the size of the circuit (and the number of created Boolean variables)
- All the search parameters are modifiable over the command line. There are dozens of different parameters. In prior work, I've used this feature for automatic optimization of search parameters for different classes of problems. On some classes, such optimization achieves up to 500X speedups!
- The library interface of Spear (not publicly available) enables various novel optimization techniques, like reusing learned lemmas among multiple runs.
The tool is freely available for research usage and can be downloaded on the download page. Chances are (95%) that I will eventually open-source Spear and put it in the public domain. If you are interested to continue Spear development and/or using Spear commercially, please drop me an email.
I'm trying to keep Spear up-to-date, as much as I can. Unfortunately, I have very little free time these days and there are several known bugs that I just haven't had time to fix. I apologize for the inconvenience these bugs might be causing you.
- All search parameters are tunable on the command line.
- Predefined parameter sets for certain types of problems. If you find a set of parameters that works particularly well on a certain set of problems, please let me know, and I'll add it to the next release.
- Automatic parameter tuning for a specific application with ParamILS tool. See the tools page for details.
- Spear supports all standard modular arithmetic (bitvector) operators, including (un)signed division, remainder, shifting by variable number of spaces,...
- The front-end has been completely rewritten in v2.0, and there has been a number of other modifications. I do expect bugs to pop up, especially since I don't use that interface for my work (Calysto talks directly to Spear, via API).
- Mac OS X binary is dynamically linked, while all others are linked statically.
- Starting with v2.0, Mac OS X support will be discontinued. It amounts to less than 5% of downloads.
- Certain optimizations in v2.0 won't work on cyclic expressions. If you can, make sure your expressions are acyclic! For example, instead of:
d a:i1 Tmp1:i1
c Tmp1 ~ a
p = a Tmp1
Tmp1 is defined in terms of
a is equal to
Tmp1, try rewriting your formulas so as to be acyclic:
d a:i1 Tmp1:i1 Tmp2:i1
c Tmp1 ~ a
p = Tmp2 a
p = Tmp1 Tmp2
If you absolutely need to be able to have cyclic expressions, please send me an email, I'd really like to understand why do you need them. If you disable cse/simplify in Spear, most likely Spear will also swallow your cyclic formulas, but I'm not sure. Thanks to Evgeny Pavlenko for asking a question about this, which motivated me to write this comment.


UpmostScarab UpmostScarab - 5 months ago 13x
Python Question
Declare a SymPy symbol non-zero
Is there a way to make Symbol non-zero in sympy?
For example if I integrate:
psi = a * cos( sqrt(2/mu)*x ) + b * sin( sqrt(2/mu)*x )
Psi = integrate(psi, x)
it gives me two results one for mu == 0 and one for mu != 0. And I only need the second one.
Answer
Yes, you can do it with mu = Symbol('mu', nonzero=True).
from sympy import *
a,b,x = symbols('a b x')
mu = Symbol('mu', nonzero=True)
psi = a * cos( sqrt(2/mu)*x ) + b * sin( sqrt(2/mu)*x )
Psi = integrate(psi, x)
Now Psi is a single expression.
Reference: assumptions.
Comments


Definitions for magnetic circuit
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word magnetic circuit
Wiktionary
 1. magnetic circuit(Noun)
 A closed path of magnetic flux
Freebase
 1. Magnetic circuit
 A magnetic circuit is made up of one or more closed loop paths containing a magnetic flux. The flux is usually generated by permanent magnets or electromagnets and confined to the path by magnetic cores consisting of ferromagnetic materials like iron, although there may be air gaps or other materials in the path. Magnetic circuits are employed to efficiently channel magnetic fields in many devices such as electric motors, generators, transformers, relays, lifting electromagnets, SQUIDs, galvanometers, and magnetic recording heads. The concept of a "magnetic circuit" exploits a one-to-one correspondence between the equations of the magnetic field in an unsaturated ferromagnetic material to that of an electrical circuit. Using this concept the magnetic fields of complex devices such as transformers can be quickly solved using the methods and techniques developed for electrical circuits. Some examples of magnetic circuits are: ⁕horseshoe magnet with iron keeper ⁕horseshoe magnet with no keeper ⁕electric motor
The Standard Electrical Dictionary
 1. Magnetic Circuit
 A magnetic field of force is characterized by the presence of lines of force, which, while approximately parallel, curve around and tend to form closed curves. The polarity of a field of force is referred to an imaginary direction of the lines of force from the north pole through space to the south pole, and in the part of the field corresponding to the body of the magnet, from the south to the north pole. The cut indicates these features. Hence the magnetic field of force is termed the magnetic circuit, and to it are attributed a species of resistance termed reluctance, q. v., and the producing cause of the field or lines of force is termed sometimes magneto-motive force, q. v.) corresponding to the electro-motive force. The modern treatment of the magnetic circuit is similar to the application of Ohm's law and the laws of resistance and conductivity to the electric circuit.
Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms
 1. magnetic circuit
 See magnetic mine.
Numerology
 1. Chaldean Numerology
 The numerical value of magnetic circuit in Chaldean Numerology is: 1
 2. Pythagorean Numerology
 The numerical value of magnetic circuit in Pythagorean Numerology is: 2
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As indispensable parts of the tanks for oil and chemical storage and transportation, the tank floors have stringent nondestructive testing requirements owing to their severe operating conditions. In this article, a synthetic aperture focusing technology method is proposed for the circumferential scanning of the tank floor outside the tank using ultrasonic guided waves. The magnetostrictive patch transducer (MPT) is designed and manufactured for the generation and receiving of the SH0 mode. Based on the exploding reflector model (ERM), the relationships between guided wave fields at different radii of polar coordinates are derived in the frequency domain. The defect spot is focused when the sound field is calculated at the radius of the defect. Experimental validations are performed for the defect inspection in an iron plate. The angular bandwidth of the defect spot is used as an index for the angular resolution. The results of the proposed method show significant improvement compared to those obtained by the B-scan method, and it is found to be superior to the conventional method—named delay and sum (DAS) in both angular resolution and calculation efficiency.
How to Cite:
Wu, J. ., Tang, Z. ., Lv, F. . & Yang, K. ., (2019) "Circumferential scanning imaging of tank floors using ultrasonic guided waves", Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation .

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


SKE Equipment
commercial pasteurization equipment
Benefits of Commercial Pasteurization Equipment
Introduction
commercial pasteurization equipment
Commercial pasteurization equipment plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and quality of various food and beverage products. From dairy to juices, pasteurization helps to extend the shelf life of perishable goods by eliminating harmful pathogens while preserving essential nutrients and flavors. In this blog post, we will explore the numerous benefits of commercial pasteurization equipment in the food industry.
Ensured Food Safety
One of the primary benefits of commercial pasteurization equipment is its ability to ensure food safety. By subjecting foods and beverages to high temperatures for a specific duration, pasteurization effectively kills harmful bacteria, viruses, and parasites that may be present. This process significantly reduces the risk of foodborne illnesses, making the products safer for consumption.
Extended Shelf Life
Commercial pasteurization equipment helps to extend the shelf life of perishable products, allowing manufacturers to distribute their goods over longer distances and store them for extended periods. By eliminating or reducing the microbial load, pasteurization slows down the spoilage process, thereby increasing the product's longevity without compromising its quality.
Preservation of Nutrients and Flavor
Unlike some other preservation methods, such as sterilization, commercial pasteurization equipment preserves the nutritional content and natural flavors of food and beverages. The gentle heat treatment used in pasteurization minimizes nutrient degradation and flavor alteration, ensuring that the final products retain their quality and taste.
Versatility and Flexibility
Modern commercial pasteurization equipment is highly versatile and adaptable to various food and beverage processing needs. Whether it's dairy products, juices, or even certain pharmaceuticals, pasteurization can be tailored to suit different applications and production volumes. This flexibility makes it an indispensable tool for manufacturers across industries.
Cost-Effectiveness
While the initial investment in commercial pasteurization equipment may seem significant, it proves to be cost-effective in the long run. By preventing product spoilage and reducing the risk of recalls due to contamination, commercial pasteurization equipment helps manufacturers save money on potential losses and regulatory fines. Additionally, the extended shelf life of pasteurized products allows for better inventory management and reduced waste.
Environmental Sustainability
Pasteurization contributes to environmental sustainability by reducing food waste. By extending the shelf life of perishable products, pasteurization helps minimize the amount of food discarded due to spoilage, thereby conserving resources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with food production and disposal.
Comparison of Different Types of Commercial Pasteurization Equipment
commercial pasteurization equipment
This table provides a brief overview of the different types of pasteurization equipment available and their respective applications. Depending on production needs and processing requirements, manufacturers can choose the most suitable equipment type for their operations.
Equipment TypeDescriptionApplications
Batch PasteurizersProcess small batches of food or beverages at a time, suitable for artisanal or small-scale production.Dairy products, craft beverages, sauces.
Continuous Flow PasteurizersProvide continuous processing of products, ideal for high-volume production lines.Milk, juices, soups, liquid eggs.
UHT PasteurizersUtilize ultra-high temperatures for brief periods to achieve commercial sterilization, offering extended shelf life without refrigeration.Dairy products, fruit juices, liquid foods.
Conclusion
Commercial pasteurization equipment offers a myriad of benefits to the food and beverage industry, ranging from enhanced food safety to extended shelf life and cost-effectiveness. By investing in high-quality pasteurization equipment and implementing robust processing protocols, manufacturers can ensure the production of safe, high-quality products that meet consumer demands while also contributing to environmental sustainability.
FAQ
Q: What is pasteurization, and how does it work?
A: Pasteurization is a heat treatment process that involves heating food or beverages to a specific temperature for a set period to destroy harmful pathogens while preserving the product's quality. It works by denaturing the proteins and enzymes of microorganisms, rendering them inactive and preventing spoilage.
Q: Are there different types of pasteurization equipment?
A: Yes, there are various types of pasteurization equipment, including batch pasteurizers, continuous flow pasteurizers, and ultra-high-temperature (UHT) pasteurizers. The choice of equipment depends on factors such as the type of product, production volume, and processing requirements.
Q: Does pasteurization affect the taste of food and beverages?
A: Pasteurization is designed to minimize changes in taste and flavor. Unlike other preservation methods that may alter the sensory properties of products, pasteurization aims to preserve the natural taste and aroma of food and beverages while ensuring safety and shelf life.
Q: Is pasteurization required for all food and beverage products?
A: Pasteurization is recommended for certain perishable products, particularly those prone to contamination by harmful pathogens, such as dairy, juices, and some alcoholic beverages. However, not all foods require pasteurization, and the necessity depends on factors such as the product's composition, intended use, and regulatory requirements.
Q: How can I ensure the effectiveness of pasteurization?
A: To ensure the effectiveness of pasteurization, it's essential to follow proper processing protocols, including accurately controlling temperature and time parameters, maintaining equipment cleanliness and calibration, and regularly monitoring microbial levels through testing and analysis. Additionally, adhering to regulatory standards and best practices is crucial for ensuring product safety and quality.


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Compared to VCO calibration, Kvco cal is much more straightforward. First, what is Kvco? Kvco is VCO's frequency/voltage gain in unit of Hz/V. It measures how much VCO output frequency changes relative to VCO's input control voltage (Vt or Vtune) change. As shown in below diagram, Kvco is the slope of the curve of Frequency vs Vt.
Next why do we need to calibrate Kvco? Simple, Kvco can't be too small otherwise slow VCO response and narrow output frequency adjust range. Kvco can't be too large either otherwise VCO output phase noise will worsen.
How to calibration Kvco? Below is the circuit. PLL works in closed loop.
- set PLL frequency divider so that fvco = ftarget + Delta. Wait until PLL settles and then use ADC to measure Vtune as Vt1.
- set PLL frequency divider so that fvco = ftarget – Delta. Wait until PLL settles and then use ADC to measure Vtune as Vt2.
- firmware calculates Kvco = (Vt1-Vt2)/2/Delta and then programs some PLL control register with this result to adjust Kvco.
In above, Delta can be 1Mhz, 10Mhz, etc. whichever fits your design.


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Influential historian and feminist Catharine Macaulay
(1731-91) writes in support of the French Revolution in this 1790 political pamphlet.
(1731-91) is considered to have been the first female historian. Her eight-volume History of England (1763-83) and her radical views brought her considerable fame in eighteenth-century England. She was a political activist in favour of parliamentary reform, and wrote several political pamphlets on the subject. She also wrote the feminist work Letters on Education (1790), which argues for the equal education of men and women and is thought to have been influential upon Mary Wollstonecraft. Macaulay supported both the American Revolution and the French Revolution and saw them as moves towards equality and liberty. This political pamphlet, first published in 1790, was written in support of the French Revolution and against Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France. It is a passionate polemic that challenges Burke's interpretation of British history. It remains an important work in the history of political philosophy.


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MESCALERO, N.M. (AP) — Gov. Susana Martinez and Native American leaders are meeting in southern New Mexico for an annual tribal-state summit.
Education, water rights and natural resources, and tribal infrastructure and economic development are among the topics for Friday's meeting at a resort hotel and casino operated by the Mescalero Apache Tribe.
A banquet was held Thursday evening for the governor and leaders of New Mexico's 22 tribes and pueblos.
A 2009 state law requires the governor to meet with tribal leaders each year in a summit to address issues of mutual concern. American Indians account for about 9 percent of New Mexico's population, according to the Census Bureau.
Copyright 2013 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Did you like this article? Vote it up or down! And don't forget to add your comments below!
New Mexico is located in the southwestern region of the U.S. Inhabited by Native American populations for many centuries, New Mexico has also been part of Imperial Spain, part of Mexico, and a U.S. territory.


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Three-dimensional cut-away view of Earth's magnetosphere
Date: 12 August 2004
Depicts: Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices in Earth's magnetosphere
Copyright: H. Hasegawa (Dartmouth College)
This figure shows a three-dimensional cut-away view of Earth's magnetosphere. The curly features sketched on the boundary layer are the Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices discovered by Cluster. They originate where two adjacent flows travel with different speed. In this case, one of the flows is the heated gas inside the boundary layer of the magnetosphere, the other the solar wind just outside it. The arrows show the direction of the magnetic field; in white the direction associated with the solar wind and in black the one inside Earth's magnetosphere. The white dashed arrow shows the trajectory followed by Cluster.
Last Update: 1 September 2019


text:
People Of The Dalles
The Indians Of Wascopam Mission
de Robert Boyd
Sobre o livro
Tells the story of the Chinookan (Wasco-Wishram) and Sahaptin peoples of The Dalles area of the Columbia River, who encountered the Lewis & Clark expedition in 1805-6. This work reconstructs the early history and culture of these communities from the accounts of explorers, travelers, and the writings of the Methodist missionaries at Wascopam.


UncaughtExceptionHandler
Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler Example
In this example we will see how to use Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler. UncaughtExceptionHandler is used as a way to provide an elegant way to handle Runtime Exceptions which are not handled otherwise in the programs.
As soon as a thread terminates due to an uncaught exception,JVM will query the thread for its UncaughtExceptionHandler using Thread.getUncaughtExceptionHandler() and will invoke the handler's uncaughtException method, passing the thread and the exception as arguments.
If the thread has not explicitly set UncaughtExceptionHandler, its ThreadGroup object will act as its UncaughtExceptionHandler and exhibit the default behaviour of dumping the stacktrace on the console.
Lets see this in an example, in this example we will make a thread throw Runtime Exception and will handle it via UncaughtExceptionHandler :
JavaUncaughtExceptionHandlerExample.java
package com.jcg.example;
/**
 *
 * @author anirudh
 *
 */
public class JavaUncaughtExceptionHandlerExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 Thread myThread = new Thread(new TestThread());
 myThread.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(new Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler() {
 public void uncaughtException(Thread myThread, Throwable e) {
 System.out.println(myThread.getName() + " throws exception: " + e);
 }
 });
 // this will call run() function
 myThread.start();
 }
}
The Thread throwing Runtime Exception :
TestThread.java
package com.jcg.example;
/**
 *
 * @author anirudh
 *
 */
public class TestThread implements Runnable{
 @Override
 public void run() {
 throw new RuntimeException();

 }
}
Output:
Thread-0 throws exception: java.lang.RuntimeException
In the example above we have set UncaughtExceptionHandler for the thread, and as soon as the thread "TestThread" shows runtime exception it is handled by this handler.
Download Source Code
So, In this example we saw how we can use Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler in Java.
Download
You can download the full source code of this example here : JavaUncaughtExceptionHandlerExample.zip
Anirudh Bhatnagar
Anirudh is a Java programmer with extensive experience in building Java/J2EE applications. He has always been fascinated by the new technologies and emerging trends in software development. He has been involved in propagating these changes and new technologies in his projects. He is an avid blogger and agile enthusiast who believes in writing clean and well tested code.
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text:
Speech Rhythm of American English
How to make your speech more effective
Just like music, English speech has a beat. The combination of strong and weak beats creates the rhythm of English. English speakers expect to hear a certain rhythm when they listen to you. In Lesson 1, you will learn the two basics of creating a good rhythm. First, let's watch the video to see the overview of how to make your speech more effective.
Basic Rhythm 1: Syllable Stress in Words
A syllable is a part of a word that has a vowel sound. You create the basic rhythm by stressing and unstressing vowel sounds. Stressing the vowel sound means you say it louder, longer, and higher in pitch. Remember one syllable is stressed in words with two or more syllables. If you stress the wrong syllable, your listeners might not understand you. Look at the pictures below. Which syllable do you stress to say "two lips" and "tulips"?
Watch the video below and practice stressing one syllable in a word. Clap your hands along with the speaker.
Basic Rhythm II: Counting Syllables in a Word
Syllables are the number of beats in a word. Counting the number of syllables will help you became aware of the rhythm. Can you count the number of syllables in a word? Let's place your thumb under your chin. Count the number of times you move your jaw while you say a word. That will give you the number of syllables in that word.


text:
President orders officials to ensure adequate fertilizer supply during Yala season
President Gotabaya Rajapaksa has directed officials to ensure supply of the required amount of fertilizer for the Yala season without delay.
The fertilizer stocks are due to arrive in the island within the coming weeks.
These directives were issued by Rajapaksa during a review of the current process of importation and distribution of fertilizer stocks.
The discussion took place at the Presidential Secretariat yesterday (3).
The President has further instructed that a proper procedure be put into place for the swift distribution fertilizer among all the farmers around the country.
Issues pertaining to the importation of fertilizer were discussed in-depth and the President advised to obtain the preliminary inspection reports on the quality of fertilizer within 10 days prior to distribution.
The President had also highlighted the significance of educating the farming community about the harmful aspects of using chemical fertilizer over organic. He noted that it was high time they are gradually directed towards the use of organic fertilizer in their cultivation.


text:
Why is sugar solution a mixture?
Water is a solvent and sugar is the solute. When sugar is added to water, a solution is formed as the sugar crystals dissolve. The sugar particles are still there in solution, however, they are evenly mixed. They have not changed into something different. A mixture is when two or more different substances are mixed but not chemically combined. However, a mixture can be separated again by physical means. Evaporation is one easy method to separate the sugar from the water. If one boils this solution, only the water will evaporate out of the mixture at 100 degrees Celsius. The water will change to gas and the solid sugar will remain behind. Eventually, the sugar will recrystallize when the particles cool.


text:
Previous abstract Next abstract
The first science demonstration observations were made using the near infrared camera on the Keck I telescope. In this talk I describe the overall performance of the Keck I telescope in these observations, as well as the state of the commissioning of the other first generation instruments. The state of progress on the Keck II telescope will also be described.
\vskip 1.0 truein
\bf Acknowledgements \rm
The W.M. Keck Observatory is a scientific partnership between the California Institute of Technology and the University of California. It was made possible by the generous gift of the W.M. Keck foundation, and the support of its president, Howard Keck. We are most grateful for their visionary endowment that has made possible the first of the next generation of telescopes. It is a pleasure to also thank all of the many devoted people whose unflagging efforts have made possible the success of the W.M.Keck Observatory.
Thursday program listing


text:
Debt of Gratitude: A Filipino Social Phenomenon
"Scratch my back and I will scratch yours." - This describes the prevailing Filipino social phenomenon of debt of gratitude. It is an attempt of one to repay the other, who in the past had done something good or beneficial to him or her. This has been magnified by other social phenomena such as the continued emigration of Filipino workers outside the Philippines, such that remittances are actually in the form of payment to their families, as an expression of long-lasting debt of gratitude. This is just an example of how this phenomenon has shaped the Filipino society and culture.
In this blogpost, an in-depth analysis will be made to showcase the advantages and disadvantages of this phenomena, as various concepts and ideas revolving around it are enumerated throughout the discussion.
1. It exists in any type of relationship; familial, working, spiritual and others.
Because of man's social nature, there will be periods of self-sufficiency and vulnerability. During time of vulnerability, one needs help of others to pursue one's desire. It is therefore easy to ask for help, rather than attempt to do it alone. The Church could help in a way through advices, and through its teachings. The family ofcourse is an important social aspect that supports an individual unconditionally. Furthermore, work superiors and colleagues have contributed for one's survival. All of these relationships are source of debt of gratitude. As long as there is something good to one, a mere "thank you" is not enough since the person owes debt in gratitude to others from that time on.
2. It is an implied contract between at least two entities.
Debt of gratitude is about reciprocity. There is an exchange of benefits, regardless of what form it is. The magnitude of benefits varies from a little gift to an eternal familial loyality to an institution or a person. The challenge with this benefits is that it is non-consummable. It is therefore not sufficient to repay one or twice or thrice, for goodness is unquantifiable. The goodness will never be repaid, and the obligation exists as long as there is someone who remembers it. It is type of unwritten contract without expiry, validity and concreteness.
3. It is a result of colonialism.
Unfortunately, debt of gratitude stems from the Philippines' colonial past. Filipinos were made to believe that they are still unprepared for self-rule. It is therefore required for the colony to seek protection from external invasion, given that the colony is militarily and economically weak and small to defend itself. However, it is safe to say that colonialism is created European concept. The British, Spaniards, French, German, Dutch, Italians and other major European "superpowers" raced to conquer the world. They self-proclaimed dominion over land masses, disrespecting aborigines and traditions of the lands they dominated. Therefore, European colonizers are also responsible for this Filipino social phenomenon. They made their subjects believe that they are not independent amd capable, and the only way to exist is to be slaves, servants and parasites to their colonizing nation.
4. It is encouraged by religious teachings through stewardship.
To be generous and of service of others is the primary teaching of the Church. It is stated in passages of holy scriptures. However, the interpretations have gone to way varied. To be subservient is quite different from offering service to others. Offering service is quite limited to time, place and situation. On the other hand, to be subservient is limitless and self-sacrificial. These acts has been enshrouded in the rationale of stewardship, such that everyone encouraged to take care of each other, thereby making it obligatory to help others and expect others to do the same. There is no end for this exchange, and this is where others abuse and have been abused. There is therefore a need to delineate, what is enough and what is too much, an act itself contrary and in dilemma against Church teachings.
5. It is a means to address competition.
To answer why there is a need for debt of gratitude. It is actually reciprocal means to survive a highly-competitive social environment. Resources are scarce, such that building alliances and support groups is a must, rather optional. One could compare debt of gratitude as a currency in a hunting society, hungry and always in need of food and resources. This is quite similar living in a country of over 100 million people. There is always a constant struggle to outwit and outdo others. That is the ultimate problem, which in part or wholly resolved through debt of gratitude.
6. It fuels corruption and nepotism.
Benefits is the focus of debt of gratitude. In the Philippine society, there exists three types of benefits, legal, illegal and everything in between. Because there exists a very large gray zone in the social structure, people are given the leeway to decide on their own to interpret what is right and wrong. Here is where debt of gratitude interplays, the same leeway and decision power is utilized to yield something good, as a payment for debt of gratitude. Instead of selecting the best applicants for the government positions, the deciding power will give it to a close relative or recommended applicants of a person the individual owes debt of gratitude. In this way, corruption and nepotism magnifies and trickles in all sectors of the society.
7. It breeds conflicts and dilemmas.
To remain loyal to person one owes debt of gratitude or to follow the truth and justice is something usual dilemma created by debt of gratitude. Wrongdoings are tolerated to accomodate someone to do good. Moreover, people are forced to be in conflict with others by showing loyalty to a person. There is no value in objectivity and self-judgment in debt of gratitude. What is important is to repay someone for an act, which is in the first place, not repayable and subjective.
8. It usually involves money and authority.
Money and authority are two most powerful encouraging factors in debt of gratitude. For money to grow, a person needs someone to work and help him or her for it. Through debt of gratitude, it convenient and easy to fulfill this task. In the same way, to go up the ladder of social class, one requires the helping hand of another, who is superior in money and power. Money and power have become exchange vehicles in paying debt of gratitude. The problem occurs when power and interests overlaps with one and another, creating a bigger power struggle among power-thirsty entities.
9. It is Filipino's way of fulfilling social ethical obligations.
No one is an island. We are all made to believe on this. There is no one who will expess dissent on this principle. That is just a way of life. This is true for Filipinos as well. Naturally helpful to others, Filipinos will wholeheartedly share time, resources and money to be of help of others. This is the main advantage of debt of gratitude, knowing there are still people who care. The non-existence of debt of gratitude means the non-existence of care itself, and perhaps love. However, justifying mainly the incorrectness of debt of gratitude is in itself not sufficient if it is only based on love and care. There must limitations to using these reasons so as to avoid abuse and perpetual exploitation.
10. It is a form of perpetual modern-day slavery and indebtness.
Since the nature of goodness is unrepayable, one who owes debt of gratitude will never be capable of giving back to the person, who did good to him. The more significant the benefit one has received, the more timeless debt of gratitude become. Worse, family members are made to honor this debt even after the death of the primary person in debt. The person who gave the benefit will never be satisfied, with any kind of service or act. Debt of gratitude becomes eternal and irrevocable. The person who received the benefit will work harder and harder for a debt, in reality, he or she is not capable of paying, resulting to dependent relationship nearing to the concept of slavery.
I have to admit that during I wrote this blogpost, I was influenced by a personal experience related to debt of gratitude. I am honestly irritated by the situation, so it would seem that I am quite biased and negative in my perspective on this Filipino social phenomena. I made an attempt to balance how I wrote the article, at least. It is therefore upon the reader's judgment. However, I think a pessimistic point-of-view is needed to balance the discussion. Debt of gratitude has long been tolerated by the Filipino society. Its incorrectness has been continuously ignored and unchallenged, and sometimes hailed by the government as a form of sacrifice and heroism. Objectively, every Filipino deserves to determine what he or she wants without being influenced by social phenomena thay hinders his or her utmost potential, freedom and happiness.


CXFS
From Nekochan
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CXFS (Clustered XFS) is a distributed file system|distributed networked file system designed by Silicon Graphics (SGI) specifically to be used in a Storage area network (SAN) environment.
A significant difference between CXFS and other distributed file systems is that data and metadata are managed separately from each other. CXFS provides direct access to data via the SAN for all hosts which will act as clients. This means that a client is able to access file data via the fiber connection to the SAN, rather than over an ethernet network (as is the case in most other distributed file systems, like NFS. File metadata however, is managed via a metadata broker. The metadata communication is performed via TCP/IP and ethernet.
Another difference is that file locks are managed by the metadata broker, rather than the individual host clients. This results in the elimination of a number of problems which typically plague distributed file systems.
Though CXFS supports having a heterogeneous environment (including Solaris, Linux, Mac OS X, AIX and Microsoft Windows), either SGI's IRIX Operating System or Linux is required to be installed on the host which acts as the metadata broker.
External links
See also


text:
It is quite common for your pet cockatiel to eat pine nuts and become ill. To be honest, it happened due to the owner's lack of responsibility. They should be aware of the nut's quality and quantity before serving it to their bird.
Can cockatiels eat pine nuts? Yes, Cockatiels can eat pine nuts. It's one of the most important parts of their diet. Moreover, pine nuts have most of the necessary nutrients for Cockatiels. So it can easily fulfill their daily needs. Pine nuts also have different types. Some are edible, but some are poisonous. As an owner of Cockatiels, you must be aware of the inedible ones for cockatiels.
Here we've discussed all the important things regarding Cockatiels and pine nuts. Following it properly will ensure the safety and health of your bird.
Can Cockatiels Eat Pine Nuts?
Certainly, cockatiels eat pine nuts. Even pine nuts are one of the Cockatiels' favorite foods. There are several species of pine nuts, the majority of which are edible. Cockatiels are allowed to eat most of them.
Pine nuts are basically full of vitamins, fats, protein, calcium, and minerals. So it's quite an idle meal to share with your loving bird. In addition to the nuts, the seeds of these nuts are also edible.
Overeating pine nuts can cause many illnesses in your birds. If your bird overeats pine nuts, it will experience obesity problems. The reason is that these nuts are full of fat. Other than the obesity problem, they could also experience fatty liver issues. So you need to be careful about their diets.
Not all pine nuts are edible. As a bird owner, you must understand which pine nuts are safe to eat and which are not.
'Pinus armandii', for example, is a poisonous pine nut that is not edible. In contrast, Korean pine, Armand Pine, Jeffrey Pine, Whitebark Pine, Macedonian Pine, Siberian Cedar, Pinyon Pine, and Pinus wallichiana are edible pine nuts.
Is It Safe to Feed Pine Nuts to Cockatiels?
It is completely safe to feed pine nuts as long as the proper amount is given and the diet is followed. As we mentioned earlier, pine nuts have most of the food nutrition that cockatiels need. A 100g Pine nuts contain:
- 13g of carbohydrates
- 68g of fats
- 13g of protein
It also contains all of the vitamins and minerals. This contributes to the health of the bird's bones, muscles, heart, and brain.
Though it's full of important nutrition, you still can't feed your bird as much as you want. It will backfire if you do. Too much protein, fat, and carbohydrates can make your bird's health miserable. So know the proper diet.
Mature mocktails are allowed to eat almost 30 grams a day. Although the amount can vary depending on the species and size, it is essentially this. Cockatiels are allowed to eat pellets, seeds, and nuts as nearly half of their daily food intake.
So you can add 10 to 15 grams of pine nuts to your birds' diet.
However, it is recommended that nuts should not be fed on a daily basis. It's better if you feed them three to four days a week.
What Are the Risks Of Feeding Pine Nuts? Is There Any Side Effect?
There is no proof that pine nuts have negative effects. But if the bird over-consumes pine nuts, there will be some problems.
The most common problem is obesity. When the owner unknowingly overfed their bird, the bird became obese. And obesity brings more illnesses. When cockatiels become obese, they become drowsy all of the time. They move slowly and never appear to be amused.
In extreme situations, obesity can bring a fatty liver problem to the bird. It can also be the reason for premature death.
This problem arises when the diet contains an excessive amount of fat. We mistakenly fed too many nuts to our birds. As a result, they experience fatty liver problems. In the fatty liver situation, the bloodstream stores the fat, which then spreads across the body. It specifically hit the liver. Once the fat begins to accumulate there, all functional work is disrupted after a period.
- Premature Death
Even though early death is not very prevalent, it does occasionally occur. Consuming too much fat is one of the reasons. Another point is when it doesn't get enough space to move after having food.
So the owner should be careful about both things.
Is There Any Specific Way to Feed Pine Nuts to Cockatiels?
There is no specific way to feed nuts to your cockatiels. But some preparations should be made by every owner.
- Do not mix anything with nuts
When you serve pine nuts to your bird, don't add other food to it. They might not like that. Mostly they prefer it raw. Sometimes people add salt and other stuff to it, but that's not necessary.
If you serve nuts to baby Cockatiels, you can boil the nuts first. But when it's a mature Cockatiels, you don't need to do anything.
- Unshell the nut
It is your responsibility to remove the shells from the nuts before serving them to your Cockatiels. Since the Cockatiels no longer live in the wild, they have trouble unshelling the nuts. They sometimes eat the shell along with the nuts, and it gets stuck in their throat.
So keep this in mind when serving nuts.
- Crash the nuts for baby Cockatiels
When you serve nuts as baby Cockatiels, you need to crush them into little pieces. Due to their narrow throats, baby Cockatiels cannot always swallow full-size nuts. So don't forget it.
What Are the Other Nuts That Cockatiels Can Eat?
Cockatiels can consume pretty much every kind of nut, except some non-consumable pine nuts. It is normal to serve them cashews, almonds, pistachios, hazelnuts, Brazil nuts, macadamias, pecans, etc.
But nobody can ensure that they are going to like it. It's totally up to their taste preference whether they like it or not.
These frequently asked questions about Cockatiels and pine nuts will provide you with more information.
What should I do if my cockatiels refuse to eat pine nuts?
If your Cockatiels avoid eating pine nuts, simply don't serve them. It is not necessary for your bird to consume pine nuts. There are various foods that can fulfill your bird's daily fat needs. You can give that food to your bird.
Aside from that, they sometimes refuse to eat it because they want it in a small pieces. So you need to crash the nut and make it small.
Can I mix a variety of nuts to serve cocktails?
It depends on your Cockatiels preferences. If you give them a variety of nuts, it is perfectly acceptable. But sometimes they don't like it this way. It's been seen that some Cockatiels do not like walnuts and other sorts of nuts. If you mix them, they will probably refuse. But at least you can try.
Can I feed my bird swiss stone pine nuts?
Yes, Swiss stone pine nuts are quite popular. There is no problem feeding it to your bird. But make sure the nuts are fresh.
We hope you got your answer to the question, can cockatiels eat pine nuts or not? Pine nuts are not widely available, and some varieties are poisonous.
So, it's really important to understand whether eating pine nuts is safe. All edible pine nuts are good for your cockatiels. Because pine nuts are nutritious, they can help your cockatiels meet their daily fat requirements.
Although the benefits of pine nuts are quite high, there are some risks as well. To avoid those risks, you have to know the cockatiels diet. If you maintain everything properly, there should be no problem feeding pine nuts.


text:
This item is sourced from the CCCSL: CSH Covid-19 Control Strategies List co-ordinated by the Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Austria. We are in the process of gathering further information and aligning taxonomies for these items.
Level of Jurisdiction: Wisconsin
Overview: EMERGENCY ORDER #24 Relating to the Department of Transportation Emergency Overweight Commodity Permits WHEREAS, the Department of Transportation must continue its vital work to ensure the protection and safety of the public and the public highway infrastructure throughout the state. Overweight permits may be issued by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation and fees shall be waived for transportation of supplies in conformance with this Order.
Full details here: _URL_


translating to mean 'the real place' in Japanese, is the managerial practice of visiting the shop floor, talking to line operators and assembly workers, and seeing where the real value is created on the production line. Managers and leaders taking a Gemba walk around their facility should look for real examples of Muda, Mura, and Muri and identify how to reduce or eliminate these wastes. While the goal of a Gemba walk is to see issues and fix them, genchi genbutsu is a strategy to create consensus for a common goal.
Not Just for the Facility
video: Genchi Genbutsu
While most of the focus of genchi genbutsu will be on making improvements within the facility, that is not the only way this strategy can be helpful. Taking employees out to see where the products they make are actually being used can also help a facility in many ways.
For example, if a company makes riding lawn mowers, it may be helpful to have front-line employees and supervisors go out and spend a day with a lawn services company. Watch how their products are used and what improvements might be possible. This can give the team ideas for what changes they might be able to make to add more value.
Without going and seeing, the company may never even discover there is an improvement opportunity. While it is not possible to go out to each place where products are used, it is a valuable effort to do it at least occasionally. Even if a company makes a very common product that most people have used, finding people who use it differently and talking to them can be very helpful.
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text:
Through bedroom window, warm breeze blew. Deposited by lush forest, They floated at the threshold to Magic realm where tall trees chorused. Before them, floated small canoe... Carried them to shimmering lake. They floated at the threshold to Stars mirrored in ripples opaque. Upwards, then higher, on they flew. As threads of heavens came undone, They floated at the threshold to The morning, lit by rising sun.
A Kyrielle is a French form of rhyming poetry written in quatrains (a stanza consisting of 4 lines), and each quatrain contains a repeating line or phrase as a refrain (usually appearing as the last line of each stanza). Each line within the poem consists of only eight syllables. There is no limit to the amount of stanzas a Kyrielle may have, but three is considered the accepted minimum.
Some popular rhyming schemes for a Kyrielle are: aabB, ccbB, ddbB, with B being the repeated line, or abaB, cbcB, dbdB.
Mixing up the rhyme scheme is possible for an unusual pattern of: axaZ, bxbZ, cxcZ, dxdZ, etc. with Z being the repeated line.
The rhyme pattern is completely up to the poet.


text:
Stability of martian water
"Liquid water can be stable against freezing and stable against boiling, but unstable with respect to evaporation. The situation is analogous to Earth's oceans. Liquid water on the surface does not freeze because temperatures are higher than the melting point, and it does not boil because the vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the water is less than the surface pressure. Yet the water does evaporate because the atmosphere is not saturated. A similar situation can occur on Mars, though the odds are much more likely for boiling."
"But whether it boils or evaporates, either way the water will cool because of the heat loss and thus it will eventually freeze."


text:
A concise and divergent approach to radicamine B and hyacinthacine A(3) based on a step-economic transformation
- 化学化工－已发表论文
Based on our recently developed step-economic methodology of reductive alkylation of lactams/amides, we have developed a two-step synthesis of azasugar radicamine B (2a) and a four-step synthesis of azasugar hyacinthacine A(3) (5) from the common chiral building block 12. Hantzsch ester (HEH) was used as a milder hydride donor in the one-pot stereoselective reductive alkylation of lactam 12. The Wacker oxidation of fully substituted pyrrolidine derivative 2,5-trans-17 led to the synthesis of hyacinthacine A(3) (5). Compound 2,5-trans-17 could also serve as a plausible key intermediate for the synthesis of broussonetine sub-class of azasugars. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


text:
Dr. Eisenstein is a member of the Duke Clinical Research Institute's Outcomes Research and Assessment Group, with a special interest in understanding the relationships between complex interventions in health care systems and the long-term clinical and economic outcomes of patients. He has served as Principal Investigator for phase II, III, and IV economic and quality of life studies conducted alongside randomized clinical trials in cardiovascular, emergency, pulmonary, and vascular medicine and surgery. He also has conducted health technology evaluations making use of innovative research methods designed to better understand key relationships in observation (non-randomized) patient data. This work has included evaluations of the long-term clinical outcomes of coronary artery disease patients receiving drug-eluting vs. bare metal intracoronary stents, and how the use of clopidogrel changes those relationships. He also has conducted several studies assessing factors contributing to the costs of and evaluating different design considerations for multi-center randomized clinical trials.
In addition to his working in traditional health technology evaluation, Dr. Eisenstein has an interest in evaluating information technologies as interventions in health care systems. In this regard, he has collaborated in the design and conduct of large-scale, randomized clinical trials to evaluate clinical decision support systems. The research objective in these studies has been to develop methods for evaluating health information technologies in practice-based settings using a "tool kit" of inexpensive, yet highly scalable methods that make use of data sets created as a byproduct of normal clinical and administrative operations. The use of these evaluation methods has been demonstrated in four clinical trials that include care process, clinical, economic, and quality of life measurements.
Education and Training
- D.B.A., Cleveland State University, 1995


7 Ways to Deal With Arrogant People
7 Ways to Deal With Arrogant People
Image by 愚木混株 Cdd20 from Pixabay
Arrogant people do think that they are and will always be right. They get stuck to false assumptions and ignore hearing what other people say. They will use superior language, bully people, and become bigoted of people, or just act total rudely.
They consider themselves excellent. How you react to them becomes necessary when peace of mind is considered.
Your reply to an arrogant person is also a representation of your uprightness as a person who holds up himself.
Sometimes it becomes difficult to be sound these people because they can begin to pick away your self-confidence.
We run out of words and forget how to react to the situation.
How to save yourself from the verbal attacks of an arrogant person?
If you cross paths with these people who are self-stuck, do follow these suggestions.
So, How to deal with arrogant people? We have added different strategies to the tricky points.
Here are 7 Ways to deal with arrogant people
1. Have high self-confidence:
One of the best ways to face an arrogant person is by displaying your high confidence. Always enter into conflicts with arrogant people only when you are strong and have a depth of knowledge about a matter.
Only then you'll know where are they going wrong. It is important to point them out. It will help you get less victimized by them. You will notice how their behavior changes when that can't relate to you. Instead, they would start saying bad things that are unjustifiable. But have faith in yourself. Confusing them in their own words is your bigger trick.
2. Remember they are insecure:
Try finding sympathy in yourself if you can. Arrogant people bullies and harasses people to take control of them. It's just a reflection of their fear of being controlled. They would never admit their wrongs and stuck to pretenses. Thus they would never take account of your advice or suggestions, no matter how hard you make him try to believe. As being self-centered and the inability of open-minded, their life experiences are less. It becomes too hard to sympathize with someone of this quality.
Do not put them down. Just let them enjoy the fruits of their insecurities because they are never able to see their shortcomings.
3. Don't let it get to you:
Once you allow them to rule or control you, they won't leave a dot to not put you down. They have a very low mentality of finding happiness in other's troubles. Much like a narcissistic nature. This is much easier said than done. Just imagine, what if the person isn't trying to be rude towards you and just try hard to figure out the bigger view. There could be other reasons for a person's conduct. Try spotting them out and blur out these scornful criticisms.
Just laugh it out. Do not stress over it.
4. Be empathetic, but don't try to fix the person:
One's demand for superiority is profoundly grounded and ranges from lower appreciation to a deep craving for approval to a lack of compassion for those who seem less successful. Only the domineering person can deal with such a problem and with a continued push. On the other side, it brings peace to your heart and possibly to the circumstances if you have compassion for the grief of others.
5. Be mindful:
Whatever we decide to do, we should do them carefully and with much love as practicable. They make others lose their temper and become the worst version of themselves. You need to be very careful while handling these people. They are rotten from inside and would spread that rot within us too. We should be careful while dealing with them. Try to perform the sport of your life rather than trying to fit into someone else's. Be faithful to yourself always.
6. Try changing the topic of the conversation:
If nothing works wonders, try to change the topic of conversation. Arrogant people love to dominate over one particular topic, and if the decision to change the topic has been taken, they will bounce back. They will become defenseless. If you try switching to something that is neutral or something you know more about, they will try to find a way to jump back to the previous topic. They play dominating roles in our society. When people like us ask them anything out of the syllabus, they wouldn't answer them or might speak badly about you. After all, this is what they know.
You should try to be calm in such situations.
7. Avoid interaction at all possible means:
If you are in close proximity with such a person, your days can be tough. Do whatever it takes, to lessen the effect of this soul. Do not get close to them or park cars near their cars, I mean never!
When you meet them just smile and exchange glances. You might say "good morning", "good day" just in case, or occasional "hmm".
Do not let them know that you're avoiding them and don't want to interfere in any of their matters.
Find more ways to walk out and ignore these people. To maintain your own understanding, it's best to keep a proper distance between you.
Just dodge them by any means!
Written by Alecia Bennett
I hold a master's degree with a clinical psychology specialization. Currently pursuing school counseling courses. I have attended various programs related to mental health issues. A person who takes a keen interest in writing anything about the human mind and behavior.
Photo by Sebastián León Prado on Un
Because no matter how tough the world becomes
9 Possible Signs You Have a Low Sense of Self-worth
9 Possible Signs You Have a Low Sense of Self-worth


text:
On behalf of the Congress Organizing Committee it is our great pleasure to invite you to the fifth edition of the EUROBIOTECH 2013 Congress. The subject of the congress is this time dedicated to broader issues of life sciences with a special focus on "white" and"green" biotechnology.
The crucial issue that will be discussed is the innovation in science and the problem of overcoming the barriers in transferring the scientific knowledge into practical applications.
Congress is co-organized by Agricultural University in Krakow, Jagiellonian University (Faculty of BBB, and Collegium Medicum), Polish Federation of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Committee of Polish Academy of Sciences, Małopolska Center of Biotechnology and Targi w Krakowie Ltd.
Leading scientists in their fields will be invited to give most updated lectures on respective topics. Apart from Polish participants, we expect scientists and students from other countries, especially from Central Europe. The accompanying exhibition will gather companies from different sectors of biotechnology, creating an opportunity to exchange ideas and to establish cooperation between business and science.
Biotechnology is the science of the future. Therefore, let's meet in Kraków – where tradition unites with modernity and where, in historic academic interiors, the most innovative scientific ideas are developed.


text:
Effect of Online Social Networking on Student Academic Performance
Online social networks (OSNs) have permeated all generations of Internet users, becoming a prominent communications tool, particularly in the student community. Thus, academic institutions and faculty are increasingly using social networking sites, such as Facebook and LinkedIn, to connect with current and potential students and to deliver instructional content. This has led to a rise in questions about the impact of OSN on academic performance and the possibility of using it as an effective teaching tool. To learn more about the impact on academic performance, we conducted a survey of business students at a large state university. Survey results were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results revealed a statistically significant negative relationship between time spent by students on OSN and their academic performance. The time spent on OSN was found to be heavily influenced by the attention span of the students. Specifically, we determined that the higher the attention span, the lower is the time spent on OSN. Further, attention span was found to be highly correlated with characteristics that predict or influence student behavior, such as their perceptions about society's view of social networking, their likes and dislikes of OSN, ease of use of OSN, etc.
Paul, J., Baker, V., Cochran, J. (2012). Effect of Online Social Networking on Student Academic Performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2117-2127.


text:
Salome, Yohanna (2004) Topic shifts and topic shift markers used by the male and female characters in Dawson's Creek tv series. Bachelor thesis, Petra Christian University.Full text not available from this repository.
Conversation is very important in our daily lives. It is a routine activity which occurs in formal and informal situation. In a conversation, there always a topic to be talked about. The topic of conversation usually develops from one topic to other topics. The problem comes when the participants do not realize that the topic has already changed, so that it can cause misunderstanding and miscommunication in conversation. In order to avoid misunderstanding and miscommunication, it is important to study topic shifts and topic shift markers. The writer also adds gender aspects in this study. As we know, male and female speakers have some differences in conversation, especially in applying topic shifts and topic shift markers. Male speakers tend to jump from one topic to another topic while female speakers tend to shift the topic gradually. Therefore the writer is interested in studying topic shifts and topic shift markers based on gender differences, especially in Dawson's Creek TV Series episode "All Good Things" and "?Come to an Ends". In order to study topic shifts and topic shift markers, the writer uses some theories. The first theory is Stenstrom's theory about kind of topic shift, which is classified into five kinds of topic shift. The second theory is McCarthy's theory on topic shift markers. Through these theories, the writer tries to find out the similarities and differences between male and female speakers in applying topic shifts and topic shift markers. As a result of this research, the writer finds out that topic change is mostly used by male and female speakers in male-female conversation. Another finding is that the female speakers tend to use "well" as the opening, changing, closing marker while male speakers tend to use "you know" as changing marker and "allright" and "ok" as the closing marker.
|Item Type:||Thesis (Bachelor)|
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||topic shift markers, male and female character, dawson creek tv series|
|Date Deposited:||23 Mar 2011 18:48|
|Last Modified:||30 Mar 2011 10:33|
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text:
Chattanooga, Tennessee: Train Town--
By looking at Chattanooga, Tennessee: Train Town, students will understand how Chattanooga's development illustrates the importance of railroads to American cities. Those interested in learning more will find that the Internet offers a variety of interesting materials.
Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site
Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site is a unit of the National Park System. The park's expanded Web pages examine subjects related to transportation history, canals, the 1800s, and more.
Mojave National Preserve Railroads
Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum
Mojave National Preserve Railroads is a unit of the National Park System. The park's web page discusses the importance of transportation in our nation's history, particularly the influence of the Burlington Northern/Santa Fe on the Mojave National Preserve. This railroad provided the main economic lifeline for miners, ranchers, and homesteaders by creating a link to the national economy.
The Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum Web site documents through both text and pictures the completion of the first transcontinental railroad. When it was completed, the rails of the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific Railroad were joined, completing a coast-to-coast connection. The site also offers links to other non-profit Web sites detailing laws and events that help dictate the history of trains and railroads.
Library of Congress
American Railway Maps, _PHONE_
American Memory Collection
Search the American Memory Collection Web page for a variety of historical resources on the "Chattanooga, railroad," "Chattanooga," and "railroads." Included on the Web site are historic photographs, maps, sheet music, articles, and documents on everything from Terminal Station to Chattanooga's role in the Civil War.
View the Library of Congress's American Memory Collection of Railway Maps by searching with keywords or browsing by geographical location. On the home page, scroll down to useful links on the "History of Railroads and Maps," "Related
Resources" and "Learn More About It!"
Railroad Terminals and Stations
Ohio Railroad Stations Past and Present
This Web page provides links to numerous interactive databases of existing railroad stations in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and several other states. The information the database provides about each station includes the original city in which it was located, the railroads it serviced, its current location, how it is currently being used, and more. Also included are many photographs that provide a frame of reference for different architectural railroad station styles in the United States.
The New York Central Terminal of Buffalo, New York
Visit this Web site that provides an in-depth look at the creation and history of the New York Central Terminal of Buffalo, NY. Included on the site are details about the rise and decline of the use of railroads in America as a form of mass transit.


Subgroups of minimal index in polynomial time
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
Abstract
By applying an old result of Y. Berkovich, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm for computing the minimal possible index of a proper subgroup of a finite permutation group G. Moreover, we find that subgroup explicitly and within the same time if G is given by a Cayley table. As a corollary, we get an algorithm for testing whether or not a finite permutation group acts on a tree non-trivially.
Original languageEnglish
Article number2050010
Number of pages4
JournalJournal of Algebra and its Applications
Volume19
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2020
Keywords
 - group representability on trees
 - group representability problem
 - minimal permutation representation
 - permutation group algorithms
 - Subgroup of minimal index
 - FINITE
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text:
IMHU: The Oxford Workshop
Wednesday, August 10th and Thursday 11th, 2016 8:30-17:00
Venue: Quaker Meeting House, Oxford
Improv for Humanity was established in 2014 at the Applied Improvisation Network Conference in Austin by a small group of members who were interested in creating a forum for people to discuss how improvisation is being applied to address the vast array of challenges facing us––from refugee crises and climate change, to disaster preparedness and working with vulnerable populations. This year at the AIN conference we will be partnering with the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre to organize a specially-convened professional workshop. The workshop will bring together members of AIN, the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, those working in the humanitarian sector, and others interested in using applied improvisation pro-social impact and innovation.
With the increase in both natural and human driven disasters, the need to tackle some of our most entrenched humanitarian issues is growing. In a world characterized by increasing complexity and uncertainty, there is a need for new and creative ways to increase our capacity to positively impact communities at risk. Humanitarians are often seeking different ways of responding to our most serious issues, hoping to more successfully anticipate, absorb and adapt to the range of events around us. One innovative method, increasingly used in non-governmental organisations, community settings, academia, private industry, and governmental sectors is called Applied Improvisation.
To increase awareness of and capacity in this dynamic methodology, Improv for Humanity, in collaboration with the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre and the Applied Improvisation Network invite you to a specially-convened professional workshop to explore how you and your organisation can become more adaptable, flexible, spontaneous and resilient and can use these new tools and strategies for increasing these capacities in the communities with whom you work. A wide range of humanitarian contexts will be explored and there will be a particular focus on linking the humanitarian sphere with the climate resilience agenda.
Workshop objectives include:
- Developing a common understanding of the humanitarian context and the benefits and challenges of using applied improvisation techniques,
- Exploring how improvisation techniques can build resilience amongst humanitarian workers, and affected communities, before, during, and after disasters,
- Designing and implementing creative and dynamic activities that engage communities and partners and illuminate even the most serious issue,
- Learning facilitation tips, tricks, techniques relevant for engaging diverse groups within and beyond humanitarian sector,
- Applying improvisation techniques in facilitation, capacity building and training, monitoring and evaluation, and learning events.
The workshop will also include a Design Lab, where you can bring actual, real-world situations and issues to see how improvisation techniques might be helpful. You will interact with other professionals from the humanitarian sector and experts in creativity and applied improvisation.
Keywords: humanitarian, pro-social, climate change, innovation


text:
Pakistan's government is taking a bold step towards a cashless future with the introduction of a National Digital Wallet. Facilitated by the National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA), this innovative initiative includes a digital rewards system. It will convert a percentage of utility and fuel bills into digital wallet credits, revolutionizing transactions and expanding digital horizons. The collaboration between NADRA and an Electronic Money Institution promises a significant leap in the nation's digitization journey.
The National Digital Wallet encourages digital transactions and rewards users with digital credits for utility and fuel bill payments, including telecommunication airtime credits. The government contemplates a 1% reward for digitally paying electricity, gas, and fuel bills. Additionally, users will receive a 10% reward (equivalent to Rs 100) for every Rs 1,000 airtime credit acquisition. The scheme may extend incentives for fuel and utility bill payments, fostering widespread adoption of digital transformation.
Designed to provide various amenities, the National Digital Wallet enables citizens to digitally hold and access their national ID on smartphones. Users will be rewarded for payments made through the platform. Implementation follows guidelines developed in collaboration with stakeholders, with formal approval pending from the Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) and the cabinet.
A notable feature is the wallet's integration with different FinTech applications and services via OpenAI. NADRA, in collaboration with Karandaaz, will determine maintenance and usage charges. This initiative aims to boost cashless transactions and enhance financial inclusivity in Pakistan, leveraging digital identity and biometric technology.


Background
The relative reinforcing value (RRV) of food, or how rewarding one finds eating compared to alternative activities, predicts obesity in children and adults. The promotion of alternative reinforcers, or rewarding activities that could take the place of eating, could help to promote healthy weight outcomes. The overall objective of this pilot study was to promote positive parent-child interactions in the context of interactive reading, hypothesizing that these could function as a novel alternative reinforcer, decreasing the RRV of food.
Methods
Twelve 4-to-5-year-old children (M=4.75+0.53 years; 66.7% female) with at least one overweight parent participated, completing a 7-day home-based intervention promoting positive parenting during reading and baseline and follow-up RRV assessments in the laboratory. RRV of food was calculated as the maximum schedule reached when working for access to food divided by the maximum schedule for food plus the maximum schedule for reading with a parent. Intervention compliance was assessed via daily photographs of parent/child reading. Intervention acceptability was parent reported.
Results
Children's RRV of food decreased from baseline (Mdn=0.83) to follow-up (Mdn=0.50). This change corresponds to a medium-to-large effect (d=0.64). Changes in maximum schedules reached for food and reading were not significant, but magnitudes were consistent with both a decrease in food reinforcement (from Mdn=96.0 to 48.0) and an increase in reinforcement of reading with a parent (from Mdn=4.0 to 32.0). Eleven families (92%) submitted 7 photographs of parent/child reading. Parent perspectives supported intervention feasibility.
Conclusions
Findings provide initial support for this intervention and highlight areas for further investigation.


Quick, clean, and to the point
Remove file extension from filename
Excel formula: Remove file extension from filename
Generic formula
To remove a file extension from a file name, you can use a formula based on the LEFT and FIND functions. In the example shown, the formula in C5 is:
The core of this formula is the LEFT function which simply extracts text from the file name, starting at the left, and ending at the character before the first period (".").
The FIND function is used to figure out how many characters to extract:
Find returns the position of the first match (6 in the first example) from which 1 is subtracted. The result, 5, goes into LEFT like this:
and the LEFT function returns the first five characters from the left: "Happy".
Note: because this formula finds the first occurrence of ".", it will remove all file extensions when there are are more than one.
Dave Bruns
Excel Formula Training
Download 100+ Important Excel Functions


text:
The Human Compass
I've benefited so much from this idea cookbook that I felt I had to contribute something, so here is an idea for reading practice.
First, draw a line on the board going up and down and then a second line that intersects the first, going right to left. Make the end of each line an arrow, so it looks like a compass, with north, south, east, and west. Next, write a word or phrase that you want to practice next to each arrow.
Finally, have 2 students come forward and stand in front of the compass and words on the board. You can then call out one of the words or phrases and the first student to move their arm in the matching direction wins. For example, if 'computer' is at the north arrow and you call out "computer," the student who points up with their arm first gets a point. There are many other variations of this basic idea that you can use. Hope it works for you as well as it does for me.
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Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2008 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved.


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 if (cond) if (cond) if (cond)
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 cino-e
 eN Add N to the prevailing indent inside a set of braces if the
 opening brace at the End of the line (more precise: is not the
 first character in a line). This is useful if you want a
 different indent when the '{' is at the start of the line from
 when '{' is at the end of the line. (default 0).
 cino= cino=e2 cino=e-2
 if (cond) { if (cond) { if (cond) {
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 bar; bar; bar;
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 cino-n
 nN Add N to the prevailing indent for a statement after an "if",
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 useful if you want a different indent when there is no '{'
 before the statement from when there is a '{' before it.
 (default 0).
 cino= cino=n2 cino=n-2
 if (cond) if (cond) if (cond)
 foo; foo; foo;
 else else else
 { { {
 bar; bar; bar;
 } } }
 cino-f
 fN Place the first opening brace of a function or other block in
 column N. This applies only for an opening brace that is not
 inside other braces and is at the start of the line. What comes
 after the brace is put relative to this brace. (default 0).
 cino= cino=f.5s cino=f1s
 func() func() func()
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 int foo; int foo; int foo;
 cino-{
 {N Place opening braces N characters from the prevailing indent.
 This applies only for opening braces that are inside other
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 cino= cino={.5s cino={1s
 if (cond) if (cond) if (cond)
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 cino-}
 }N Place closing braces N characters from the matching opening
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 if (cond) if (cond) if (cond)
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 cino-^
 ^N Add N to the prevailing indent inside a set of braces if the
 opening brace is in column 0. This can specify a different
 indent for whole of a function (some may like to set it to a
 negative number). (default 0).
 cino= cino=^-2 cino=^-s
 func() func() func()
 { { {
 if (cond) if (cond) if (cond)
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 a = b; a = b; a = b;
 } } }
 } } }
 cino-L
 LN Controls placement of jump labels. If N is negative, the label
 will be placed at column 1. If N is non-negative, the indent of
 the label will be the prevailing indent minus N. (default -1).
 cino= cino=L2 cino=Ls
 func() func() func()
 { { {
 { { {
 stmt; stmt; stmt;
 LABEL: LABEL: LABEL:
 } } }
 } } }
 cino-:
 :N Place case labels N characters from the indent of the switch().
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 cino= cino=:0
 switch (x) switch(x)
 { {
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 a = b; a = b;
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 } }
 cino-=
 =N Place statements occurring after a case label N characters from
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 cino= cino==10
 case 11: case 11: a = a + 1;
 a = a + 1; b = b + 1;
 cino-l
 lN If N != 0 Vim will align with a case label instead of the
 statement after it in the same line.
 cino= cino=l1
 switch (a) { switch (a) {
 case 1: { case 1: {
 break; break;
 } }
 cino-b
 bN If N != 0 Vim will align a final "break" with the case label,
 so that case..break looks like a sort of block. (default: 0).
 When using 1, consider adding "0=break" to 'cinkeys'.
 cino= cino=b1
 switch (x) switch(x)
 { {
 case 1: case 1:
 a = b; a = b;
 break; break;
 default: default:
 a = 0; a = 0;
 break; break;
 } }
 cino-g
 gN Place C++ scope declarations N characters from the indent of the
 block they are in. (default 'shiftwidth'). By default, a scope
 declaration is "public:", "protected:" or "private:". This can
 be adjusted with the 'cinscopedecls' option.
 cino= cino=g0
 { {
 public: public:
 a = b; a = b;
 private: private:
 } }
 cino-h
 hN Place statements occurring after a C++ scope declaration N
 characters from the indent of the label. (default
 'shiftwidth').
 cino= cino=h10
 public: public: a = a + 1;
 a = a + 1; b = b + 1;
 cino-N
 NN Indent inside C++ namespace N characters extra compared to a
 normal block. (default 0).
 cino= cino=N-s
 namespace { namespace {
 void function(); void function();
 } }
 namespace my namespace my
 { {
 void function(); void function();
 } }
 cino-E
 EN Indent inside C++ linkage specifications (extern "C" or
 extern "C++") N characters extra compared to a normal block.
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 cino= cino=E-s
 extern "C" { extern "C" {
 void function(); void function();
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 extern "C" extern "C"
 { {
 void function(); void function();
 } }
 cino-p
 pN Parameter declarations for K&R-style function declarations will
 be indented N characters from the margin. (default
 'shiftwidth').
 cino= cino=p0 cino=p2s
 func(a, b) func(a, b) func(a, b)
 int a; int a; int a;
 char b; char b; char b;
 cino-t
 tN Indent a function return type declaration N characters from the
 margin. (default 'shiftwidth').
 cino= cino=t0 cino=t7
 int int int
 func() func() func()
 cino-i
 iN Indent C++ base class declarations and constructor
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 are aligned at the right side of the ':').
 (default 'shiftwidth').
 cino= cino=i0
 class MyClass : class MyClass :
 public BaseClass public BaseClass
 {} {}
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 BaseClass(3) BaseClass(3)
 {} {}
 cino-+
 +N Indent a continuation line (a line that spills onto the next)
 inside a function N additional characters. (default
 'shiftwidth').
 Outside of a function, when the previous line ended in a
 backslash, the 2 * N is used.
 cino= cino=+10
 a = b + 9 * a = b + 9 *
 c; c;
 cino-c
 cN Indent comment lines after the comment opener, when there is no
 other text with which to align, N characters from the comment
 opener. (default 3). See also format-comments.
 cino= cino=c5
 /* /*
 text. text.
 */ */
 cino-C
 CN When N is non-zero, indent comment lines by the amount specified
 with the c flag above even if there is other text behind the
 comment opener. (default 0).
 cino=c0 cino=c0,C1
 /******** /********
 text. text.
 ********/ ********/
 (Example uses ":set comments& comments-=s1:/* comments^=s0:/*")
 cino