text:
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) are very important for engineering systems in industrial applications. One of the most popular approaches is model-based fault detection. Recently, many techniques have been proposed in the FDD area. However, there are still very few reported applications or real-time implementations of the schemes. This paper presents online sensor FDD based on the model-based approach using a Luenberger observer and experimental application on a permanent magnet DC motor. Different kinds of faults are simulated on the motor and experiments are performed to detect the faults. The experimental results demonstrate that this approach could significantly detect the time and size of the faults.
Fault detection, observer, DC motor, experimental application
ALKAYA, ALKAN and EKER, İLYAS
"Luenberger observer-based sensor fault detection: online application to DC motor,"
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences: Vol. 22:
2, Article 10.
Available at: _URL_
Computer Engineering Commons, Computer Sciences Commons, Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons


text:
We analyze the collective behavior of a set of coupled damped driven pendula with finite (large) inertia, and show that the synchronization of the oscillators exhibits a first order phase transition synchronization onset, substantially different from the second order transition obtained in the case of no inertia. There is hysteresis between two macroscopic states, a weakly and a strongly coherent synchronized state, depending on the coupling and the initial state of the oscillators. A self-consistent theory is shown to determine these cooperative phenomena and to predict the observed numerical data in specific examples.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Fundación Centro Canario del Agua
The Centro Canario del Agua Foundation (FCCA) is an independent and non-profit organization whose objective is the research and development of innovative products for water treatment. It was founded on December 14, 1998 by the General Directorate of Water of the Canary Islands Government, the Insular Water Councils of the seven islands and a series of private companies with interests in the Canary Islands water sector.
The FCCA carries out and promotes R&D work autonomously and in combination with public institutions and private companies.
The FCCA conducts applied research mainly in the following areas:
- Equipment for remineralization of desalinated waters
- Design of filtering and draining floors
- Optimization of reverse osmosis plant control
- Treatment of hard water and rich in silica
- Improvement of desalinated water quality


text:
Errors and any other interruptions are one of the major sources of frustration to viewers. The correlation between technical streaming issues and viewers abandoning playback has been well studied. In essence, there is a real cost to every error that a viewer experiences on your platform. The below models for AVOD and SVOD let you calculate how costly an error is.
In a research paper Krishnan and Sitaraman calculated that "a viewer who experienced failure is 2.32% less likely to revisit the same site within a week". Based on this research we created the following calculator:
Calculate the percentage the customer lifetime value increases by decreasing a particular technical error


Writing Functions in the Puppet Language
Included in Puppet Enterprise 2016.1.
You can write your own functions in the Puppet language to transform data and construct values. A function can optionally take one or more parameters as arguments. A function returns a calculated value from its final expression.
Syntax
function <MODULE NAME>::<NAME>(<PARAMETER LIST>) {
 ... body of function ...
 final expression, which will be the returned value of the function
}
function apache::bool2http($arg) {
 case $arg {
 false, undef, /(?i:false)/ : { 'Off' }
 true, /(?i:true)/ : { 'On' }
 default : { "$arg" }
 }
}
The general form of a function written in Puppet language is:
 - The keyword function.
 - The namespace of the function. This should match the name of the module the function is contained in.
 - The namespace separator, a double colon (::).
 - The name of the function.
 - An optional parameter list, which consists of:
 - An opening parenthesis.
 - A comma-separated list of parameters (for example, String $myparam = "default value"). Each parameter consists of:
 - An optional data type, which will restrict the allowed values for the parameter (defaults to Any).
 - A variable name to represent the parameter, including the $ prefix.
 - An optional equals (=) sign and default value (which must match the data type, if one was specified).
 - An optional trailing comma after the last parameter.
 - A closing parenthesis.
 - An opening curly brace.
 - A block of Puppet code, ending with an expression whose value is returned.
 - A closing curly brace.
Parameters
Functions are passed arguments by parameter position. This means that the order of parameters is important, and the parameter names will not affect the order they are passed.
Mandatory and Optional Parameters
If a parameter has a default value, then it's optional to pass a value for it when the function is called. If the caller doesn't pass in an argument for that parameter, the function will use the default value.
However, since parameters are passed by position, optional parameters must be listed after all required parameters. If you put a required parameter after an optional one, it will cause an evaluation error.
Variables in Default Parameter Values
If you reference a variable in a default value for a parameter, Puppet will always start looking for that variable at top scope. So if you use $fqdn, but then you call the function from a class that overrides the variable $fqdn, the parameter's default value will be the value from top scope, not the value from the class. You can reference qualified variable names in a function default value, but compilation will fail if that class wasn't declared by the time the function gets called.
The Extra Arguments Parameter
The final parameter of a function can optionally be a special extra arguments parameter, which will collect an unlimited number of extra arguments into an array. This is useful when you don't know in advance how many arguments the caller will provide.
To specify that the parameter should collect extra arguments, start its name with an asterisk symbol (*) *$others. The asterisk is only valid for the last parameter.
An extra arguments parameter is always optional.
The value of an extra arguments parameter is always an array, containing every argument in excess of the earlier parameters. If there are no extra arguments and no default value, it will be an empty array.
An extra arguments parameter can have a default value, which has some automatic array wrapping for convenience:
 - If the provided default is a non-array value, the real default will be a single-element array containing that value.
 - If the provided default is an array, the real default will be that array.
An extra arguments parameter can also have a data type. Puppet will use this data type to validate the elements of the array. That is, if you specify a data type of String, the real data type of the extra arguments parameter will be Array[String].
The Function Body
Functions are meant for constructing values and transforming data, so the body of your function code will differ based on what you're trying to achieve with your function, and the parameters that you're requiring. Avoid declaring resources in the body of your function. If you want to create resources based on inputs, use defined types instead.
The final expression in the function body determines the value that the function will return when called.
Most conditional expressions in the Puppet language have values that work in a similar way, so you can use an if statement or a case statement as the final expression to give different values based on different numbers or types of inputs. In the following example, the case statement serves as both the body of the function, and its final expression.
function apache::bool2http($arg) {
 case $arg {
 false, undef, /(?i:false)/ : { 'Off' }
 true, /(?i:true)/ : { 'On' }
 default : { "$arg" }
 }
}
Location
Store the functions you write in your modules' functions folder, which is a top-level directory, a sibling of manifests and lib. Define only one function per file, and name the file to match the name of the function being defined. For larger, more complex blocks of functional code, see classes.
Puppet is automatically aware of functions in a valid module and will autoload them by name.
Aside: Writing Functions in the Main Manifest
In most circumstances, you will store functions in modules. However, in rare situations you might find it necessary to put a function in the main manifest. This is not recommended. If you do put a function in the main manifest, it will override any function of the same name in all modules (except built-in functions).
Naming
The characters allowed in a function's name are listed here.
Calling a Function
The function call acts like a normal call to any built-in Puppet function, and resolves to the function's returned value.
Once a function is written and available (in a module where the autoloader can find it), you can call that function in any Puppet manifest that lists the containing module as a dependency and from your main manifest. The arguments you pass to the function map to the parameters defined in the function's definition. You must pass arguments for the mandatory parameters, and can choose whether to pass in arguments for the optional ones.
Complex Function Example
The below code is a re-written version of a Ruby function from the postgresql module into Puppet code. This function translates the IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs format into a resource suitable for create_resources. The writer of this function also left helpful inline comments for other people who use the it, or in case it needs to be altered in the future. In this case the filename would be acls_to_resource_hash.pp, and it would be saved in a folder named functions in the top-level directory of the postgresql module.
function postgresql::acls_to_resource_hash(Array $acls, String $id, Integer $offset) {
 $func_name = "postgresql::acls_to_resources_hash()"
 # The final hash is constructed as an array of individual hashes
 # (using the map function), the result of that
 # gets merged at the end (using reduce).
 #
 $resources = $acls.map |$index, $acl| {
 $parts = $acl.split('\s+')
 unless $parts =~ Array[Data, 4] {
 fail("${func_name}: acl line $index does not have enough parts")
 }
 # build each entry in the final hash
 $resource = { "postgresql class generated rule ${id} ${index}" =>
 # The first part is the same for all entries
 {
 'type' => $parts[0],
 'database' => $parts[1],
 'user' => $parts[2],
 'order' => sprintf("'%03d'", $offset + $index)
 }
 # The rest depends on if first part is 'local',
 # the length of the parts, and the value in $parts[4].
 # Using a deep matching case expression is a good way
 # to untangle if-then-else spaghetti.
 #
 # The conditional part is merged with the common part
 # using '+' and the case expression results in a hash
 #
 +
 case [$parts[0], $parts, $parts[4]] {
 ['local', Array[Data, 5], default] : {
 { 'auth_method' => $parts[3],
 'auth_option' => $parts[4, -1].join(" ")
 }
 }
 ['local', default, default] : {
 { 'auth_method' => $parts[3] }
 }
 [default, Array[Data, 7], /^\d/] : {
 { 'address' => "${parts[3]} ${parts[4]}",
 'auth_method' => $parts[5],
 'auth_option' => $parts[6, -


It's not a secret anymore!
The moose likes HTML, CSS and JavaScript and the fly likes What does WaveMaker do? Big Moose Saloon
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Author
What does WaveMaker do?
Chris Baron
Ranch Hand
Joined: Mar 21, 2003
Posts: 1061
Hi,
as an introduction: could you give a short survey of WaveMaker for developers?
 - Who is supposed to use it?
 - What does one produce with it?
 - Thanks
 cb
 Eric Pascarello
 author
 Rancher
 Joined: Nov 08, 2001
 Posts: 15385

 6
 Your question is easily answered by looking at their site.
 What is does: _URL_
 Web Developers: _URL_
 Eric
 Chris Baron
 Ranch Hand
 Joined: Mar 21, 2003
 Posts: 1061
 Thanks Eric.
 And what does it produce?
 - Java classes on the server?
 - Does it generate Javascript code to display the UI?
 - Or does it generate HTML to display the UI?
 - How is the UI and business logic separated?
 - Is it possible to integrate a WaveMaker project into an existing JEE Project?
 - Or has the WaveMaker project to be the leading one and it's only possible in import jars?
 - cb
 Chris Keene
 Greenhorn
 Joined: May 20, 2008
 Posts: 20
 @Chris
 First, a brief intro to WaveMaker. WaveMaker has two parts: a visual builder that runs in a browser (think of an updated MS Access for the web) and a runtime Java framework that runs in any Java server. The runtime Java framework is licensed under the Apache open source license, so there is no lock-in, you can use WaveMaker to generate your Java project and then open the project in Eclipse, IntelliJ or NetBeans.
 You can create a complete Java web application using WaveMaker with just three mouse clicks:
 - Click 1: import an existing data schema from any jdbc-accessible database. WaveMaker automatically creates an custom enterprise data widget for each table in the schema. At the same time, WaveMaker creates a Hibernate mapping and the Json wiring to connect the Java Hibernate classes to the Javascript enterprise data widgets.
 - Click 2: use the WaveMaker visual builder to drag an enterprise data widget from the palette onto a page. WaveMaker has a "Live Data" capability which lets you see the data for your application within the builder itself.
 - Click 3: press the run button in the WaveMaker visual builder to deploy your application to WaveMaker's built-in Tomcat server. You can also deploy the application as a WAR file to any Java server, as well as edit the WaveMaker project in any Java IDE.
 - WaveMaker Studio was built in WaveMaker, so if you want to know what kind of apps you can build with WaveMaker, it's easy to see! For ISVs, it is also easy to embed WaveMaker Studio within your application, providing a build-in configuration tool for SaaS applications (similar to the Force.com tools for SalesForce).
 You build an app by creating or importing a database schema then connecting it to UI components using drag and drop in the visual builder. Once you define or import a data schema, WaveMaker automatically creates custom enterprise data widgets that can create, read, update and delete information in each table.
 So now, on to your questions:
 And what does it produce?
 - Does WaveMaker produce Java classes on the server? Yes, WaveMaker generates Hibernate classes to perform the object relational mapping automatically, including any views or Hibernate queries you have defined in the visual builder. Wavemaker creates a standard Java project based on Spring/Hibernate - you can edit the project in any Java IDE
 - Does WaveMaker generate Javascript code to display the UI? Yes, WaveMaker uses the Dojo library for widgets and generates the Javascript needed for the UI. Just as with the server, you are free to add your own custom Javascript as well.
 - Does WaveMaker generate HTML to display the UI? WaveMaker generates a complete web app, including the index.html page, but most of the UI work is done with JavaScript. You can add custom html and css styling to the project.
 - How is the UI and business logic separated? WaveMaker uses the MVC architecture to separate UI and business logic. Business logic lives on the server as Java code. UI is mostly defined using the visual builder, but you can add custom Javascript in the client as well to give maximum UI flexibility.
 - Is it possible to integrate a WaveMaker project into an existing JEE Project? Yes, WaveMaker has an advanced feature called Pluggable Service Types that allows a developer to use WaveMaker as a visual GUI builder for existing JEE applications
 - Does WaveMaker project only import jars? WaveMaker supports importing both Jars or just Plain Old Java Objects
 - One of the reasons we are reaching out to the JavaRanch community is to better understand how Java developers can use WaveMaker to accelerate their development of Java app. At a minimum, WaveMaker is a fast way to create your Hibernate data binding. Alternately, it can also be an easy way to create a rich internet UI without having to do a lot of Javascript programming.
 Please try it out and let us know what you think - the free download is here: _URL_
 Chris Keene
 _URL_
 Chris Baron
 Ranch Hand
 Joined: Mar 21, 2003
 Posts: 1061
 That sounds really good, Chris!
 I will surely download it and give it a try.
 I hope i'll have enough time this week to test it as long you a here.
 Thanks cb

 I've looked at a lot of different solutions, and in my humble opinion Aspose is the way to go. Here's the link: _URL_

 subject: What does WaveMaker do?

 It's not a secret anymore!


text:
Three intake – Nizhyn, Prostorney and Novogrigorievka ready by 85%, said Minister of ecology and natural resources of the Republic of Crimea Gennady Nara. He noted that by supplying water from the water intake Nijinsky Eastern Crimea today is not experiencing the shortage of drinking water.
SIMFEROPOL, 30 Oct. The construction of three large water intakes on the North-East of the Crimea with a total capacity of almost 200 thousand cubic meters per day was completed by 85%, the full completion is scheduled for the end of the year, told reporters in Simferopol, the Minister of ecology and natural resources of the Republic of Crimea Gennady Nara.
The need of the Crimea in drinking water is 260 million cubic meters per year. Currently in the region is the construction of water intake and reconstruction of water supply system for supplying water to the Eastern side of the Peninsula is also expected to create a reservoir for a stable supply of Sevastopol.
"Three intake — Nizhyn, Prostorney and Novogrigorievka ready on 85%. We look forward to the end of these years of work to complete," said Nara.
Nara noted that by supplying water from Nizhyn water diversion and temporary pipeline in the bed of the North Crimean channel Eastern Crimea today is not experiencing the shortage of drinking water.
For a stable South-Eastern part of Crimea drinking water on the Peninsula created 3 new abstraction: Prostorney (12 artesian wells with a total capacity of 75 thousand cubic meters per day), Nijinsky (12 wells, 75 thousand cubic meters per day) and Novogrigorievka (12 wells, 45 thousand cubic meters per day). Well depth from 110 to 180 meters. The total production of water intake is 195 thousand cubic meters per day. Wells drilled to date, the work on the electrification of objects.
Ukraine provided to 85% of needs of the Crimea in fresh water after coming from the Dnieper North-Crimean canal, this water was used for irrigation of farmland. After the reunification of the Crimea with Russia water flow through the channel in the Republic was completely stopped. Part of the problem of water supply of the Crimea were solved after transferring water from the Crimean river Biyuk-Karasu in North Crimean canal, as well as the drilling of new wells.
Read more about news of the Crimea — on crimea.ria.ru >>

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Heinau Yellow Roses Floral Arrangement on Table Interior
Yellow Roses: Meaning, Symbolism, and History
Yellow roses of all types have long been popular due to their bright, cheerful color. That holds yellow sunflowers, yellow roses, yellow hydrangeas, yellow daisies, and yellow flower arrangements.
Deep yellow hues also can be interpreted as gold – so if someone were to make a noteworthy achievement – like a promotion at work or winning a crucial contest, yellow rose flower arrangements would be a superb means to extend your good wishes.
The Meaning of giving Yellow Roses
In this way, yellow rose arrangements can be an exquisite way to congratulate a pair on a new baby. Likewise, land agents might prefer to say "welcome to the neighborhood" with yellow rose floral arrangements for their clients. A person may even feel confident within the gift of one yellow rose, meaning that they want to increase friendship or brighten up another person's day.
Yellow Roses in Western and Eastern Cultures
Unlike some meanings of flower colors, which may vary considerably worldwide, the yellow rose flower meaning is relatively consistent across the planet and multiple cultures, with only a couple of exceptions. For example, in Western cultures, the definition behind yellow roses reflects friendship and optimism. Eastern cultures are very similar in their interpretation, assigning the meaning of giving yellow roses to be related to happy occasions and feelings of joy.
In Japan, yellow roses' meaning goes a touch beyond happiness and cheer to mean courage or inner strength. So, you would possibly consider giving one yellow rose, meaning you're in support of that person as they face a challenge or difficulty.
Heinau Coastal Glass Cube Yellow Flowers Arrangement
Heinau Opulent Yellow Flowers Arrangement
Heinau Nova Rosa Yellow Roses Arrangement
Also, Yellow ribbons, generally, have, for several decades, been a symbolic gesture of family. The meaning behind yellow roses can come to mean, "I'm thinking of you and your family, and that I hope your beloved returns home soon."
Yellow Roses From a Symbol of Jealousy to a Symbol of Freedom
Interestingly, yellow roses' almost-universal meaning may be a sharp contrast from the definition of yellow roses within the language of flowers from Victorian times. During this era, yellow rose arrangements weren't related to positive feelings but rather with jealousy, the end of a relationship, or infidelity. Most believe this is because yellow roses of that time typically lacked the signature fragrance of roses – a trait that, if personified, would mean yellow roses were jealous of their more lovely scented counterparts of other colors. Fortunately, warmth and positivity won out, and today yellow roses' meaning is nearly consistently a cheerful one.
Heinau Thunder Cube Yellow Roses Arrangement
Heinau Fame Yellow Roses Arrangement
Heinau Rose in Glass Yellow Flower
The recognition of yellow roses and yellow flower arrangements has even come to require interesting new meanings. The country-western song about "the yellow rose of Texas" makes yellow rose arrangement centerpieces popular at Texas weddings and celebrations. What was in Victorian times with the unfortunate end of a relationship is that yellow roses' meaning can now symbolize freedom and a new beginning after a relationship that may have been "less than joyous."
The Color Yellow Helps Building Confidence
You might also consider how yellow interacts with our minds and how you might arrive at a new answer to the question: What is the meaning of yellow roses?
The color yellow activates the brain's memory center, stimulates the nervous system, enhances vision, and can even build confidence. The effect can be seen on brain scans when patients are exposed to color.
For this reason, yellow rose floral arrangements are popular in senior living communities and elder care facilities, as yellow roses can play a small part in a person's recovery or well-being.
Yellow Roses Stand Out
What is particular about the meaning of yellow flowers is that yellow roses are screaming for attention. They get attention in even the dullest environments, making them a top choice for resorts, hotels, and enormous gathering spaces where people don't want the floral decor to fade into the background. That makes yellow rose arrangements ideal for honoring any special someone you feel deserves extra attention in his or her life.


Fashion Entrepreneurship 2nd edition
Retail Business Planning
Fashion Entrepreneurship 2nd edition 9781609011345 _PHONE_
Details about Fashion Entrepreneurship:
Written by entrepreneurs, for entrepreneurs, Fashion Entrepreneurship: Retail Business Planning, 2nd Edition, serves as a step-by-step guide to starting a fashion retail business. In addition to exploring entrepreneurship, management, and market segmentation, the text covers tactical elements such as financial statements, cash flow, accessing capital, merchandising, and creating a store on the Web. Using a hypothetical business plan that builds progressively with each chapter, the book offers a real-world practical framework for building a successful retail venture and creating a business plan. Profiles of successful entrepreneurs and exercises allow readers to apply the process to their own concepts.
Back to top


text:
Double Identity is a neat project by photographer Caroline Briggs in which she photographs portraits of identical twins wearing the same clothing and striking the same poses, and then overlays one on top of the other to show their similarities and differences. She writes:
My series aims to avoid direct physical comparisons between twins while allowing the viewer to acknowledge and accept the twins? similarities and differences. For the twin, it gives them a different perspective on their double identities and poses questions about their relationship and their desire – or lack of desire – to live completely separate lives.
Double Identity by Caroline Briggs (via BBC)
Image credits: Photographs by Caroline Briggs and used with permission


text:
What Is the Meaning of Child Dedication?
The act of dedicating children to the Lord was a common practice of blessing among the people of God in both Old and New Testament times. In addition, it was also a statement by the parents recognizing that their child really belonged to God.
Samuel's mother dedicates her son to the Lord:
"Sir, do you remember me?" Hannah asked. "I am the woman who stood here several years ago praying to the Lord. 27 I asked the Lord to give me this boy, and he has granted my request. 28 Now I am giving him to the Lord, and he will belong to the Lord his whole life." And they worshiped the Lord there. 1 Samuel 1:26-28
Jesus was dedicated to the Lord:
Then it was time for their purification offering, as required by the law of Moses after the birth of a child; so his parents took him to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord. 23 The law of the Lord says, "If a woman's first child is a boy, he must be dedicated to the Lord." Luke 2:22-23
As Christians today, we dedicate children with the same purpose in mind.
As a Parent, What Is Expected of Me?
Dedication is a public expression of faith and commitment on the part of the parents and of blessing on the part of God through His Church. This act by the parents is a prayerful declaration of their stewardship over God's gracious gift to them.
One day some parents brought their children to Jesus so he could touch and bless them. But the disciples scolded the parents for bothering him. When Jesus saw what was happening, he was angry with his disciples. He said to them, "Let the children come to me. Don't stop them! For the Kingdom of God belongs to those who are like these children. I tell you the truth, anyone who doesn't receive the Kingdom of God like a child will never enter it." Then he took the children in his arms and placed his hands on their heads and blessed them. Mark 10:13-16
Child dedication is more than a ritual. It's a commitment on the part of parents to honor the will and the Word of God. As a part of this dedication parents are asked to:
- Recognize that your children belong to God and have been born to experience His love and to serve Him.
- Pray daily for God's direction in your lives and in the lives of your children.
- Faithfully participate in worship with your children.
- Teach your children the truths of God's Word in your home.
- Anticipate and seek to gently lead your children to personal faith in Christ.
And you must commit yourselves wholeheartedly to these commands that I am giving you today. Repeat them again and again to your children. Talk about them when you are at home and when you are on the road, when you are going to bed and when you are getting up. Deuteronomy 6:6-7
Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger by the way you treat them. Rather, bring them up with the discipline and instruction that comes from the Lord. Ephesians 6:4
Should I Have My Child Baptized?
Baptism is an outward expression of a personal commitment to Christ by faith (see Baptism). At Abundant Life Community Church we wait to baptize our children until they are old enough to understand personal sin, the need for salvation and that baptism signifies dying to an old way of life and being raised to a new life in Christ. Generally, we expect that most youth by the age of 12 are capable of this kind of understanding. We urge parents with infants or young children to dedicate them to the Lord now and commit to disciple them toward personal faith in Christ and baptism.
What Will the Dedication Be Like?
Parents and relatives are invited to assemble and participate with you during your child's dedication. The dedication will consist of the Pastor praying specifically for your child. Then other leaders will pray for the Lord's blessing on you and ask the church to help nurture and disciple children toward faith in Christ.
Baby dedication is open to parents who can truthfully say, "I will commit myself to raising this child to know the Lord Jesus Christ by loving, discipling, training and setting a positive Christlike example."
To sign-up for the next Child Dedication or to get more information, email Pastor Rocky Taylor (_EMAIL_ or call the church at _PHONE_).

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
South Korean fashion brand IISE announces that there are 100% profit donation plans that sets in place to support the Black Lives Matter movement. The ongoing donation campaign spreads awareness around the issues throughout Asia as the founders of the brand celebrate black culture as it created a foundation for what IISE stands on today.
The brand releases an official statement that highlights racial constraints and the ideas that surround it. The brothers talk about how many from their generation look up to black culture, their leaders, athletes, musicians, and artists, shaping their youth culture and development as creatives that encourage them to celebrate their own Korean heritage as well.
Image Credit: Seunghood Jeong, Hypebeast
IISE Announces That 100% of Profit Donations Will Go to Blm
1. Profit Donation Plans - Creating profit donation plans can disrupt traditional business models by driving social change and spreading awareness for important causes.
2. Awareness Campaigns - Launching awareness campaigns can help businesses drive social change, engage customers, and foster a positive brand image.
3. Celebrating Diversity and Culture - Embracing diversity and celebrating different cultures can lead to innovative ideas, mutually beneficial collaborations, and increased consumer loyalty.
1. Fashion - The fashion industry can embrace profit donation plans and raise awareness for social justice causes, helping to create a more inclusive and conscious industry.
2. Retail - Retailers can launch awareness campaigns and support causes to engage customers, build brand loyalty, and differentiate themselves from competitors.
3. Creative Industries - Creative industries, such as music, art, and design, can draw inspiration from diverse cultures, fostering innovation and creating unique experiences for their audiences.


checked.
Rear fog lamp
This symbol is lit when the rear fog
lamp is on.
High speed
This symbol flashes when the
direction indicators are used and
the trailer is connected. If the symbol does not flash then one of the
lamps on the trailer or the car is
faulty.
02
If the car is moving faster than
about 7 km/h then the symbol illuminates and one of the texts indicated in the previous paragraph
appears in the display at the same
Indicator symbol for trailer
Alternator not charging
If this symbol illuminates while
driving, a fault has occurred in the
electrical system. Contact an
authorised Volvo workshop.
Stop the car safely as soon as possible and
close the door or bonnet.
time.
Tailgate reminder
If the tailgate is open, TAILGATE OPEN will
appear on the display.
Stability system STC or DSTC
Engine preheater (diesel)
This symbol illuminates during
engine preheating. Preheating
occurs when the temperature is
below 2 °C. The car can be started
once the symbol goes out.
Parking brake applied
The symbol illuminates when the
parking brake is depressed.
Always depress the parking brake
to the bottom position.
NOTE
The symbol illuminates irrespective of how
hard the parking brake is depressed.
For information on the system's
functions and symbols, see
page 142.
Reminder – doors not closed
If one of the doors or the boot lid is not properly
closed the driver will be reminded of this.
Low speed
If the car moves at a speed less than
about 7 km/h then the information symbol illuminates and DRIVER DOOR OPEN,
PASSENGER DOOR OPEN, LEFT REAR
DOOR OPEN or RIGHT REAR DOOR
OPEN is shown in the display at the same time.
49
02 Instruments and controls
Information display
Messages
Message
Specification
Message
Specification
STOP SAFELY
Stop the car in a safe
manner and turn off
the engine. Serious
risk of damage.
TIME FOR REGULAR SERVICE
STOP ENGINE
Stop the car in a safe
manner and turn off
the engine. Serious
risk of damage.
SERVICE URGENT
Have the car
checked by an
authorised Volvo
workshop immediately.
Time for regular
service at an authorised Volvo workshop. The timing is
determined by the
number of kilometres driven, number
of months since the
last service and
engine running time.
SOOT FILTER
FULL SEE MANUAL
Diesel particle filter
requires regeneration, see page 130.
STC/DSTC SPIN
CONTROL OFF
The function of the
stability and traction
control system is
reduced, see
page 141 for more
variants.
G026979
02
When a warning or indicator symbol illuminates, it is supplemented by a message
appearing on the display.
±
Press the READ button (A).
Switch between messages with the READ button. Fault messages are stored in the memory
until the fault is rectified.
NOTE
If a warning message appears while you are
using the trip computer, the message must
be read (press READ) before the previous
activity can be resumed.
50
SEE MANUAL
Read the owner's
manual.
SERVICE
REQUIRED
Have the car
checked by an
authorised Volvo
workshop as soon
as possible.
02 Instruments and controls
Switches in the centre console
Switch
G026944
02
Child safety locks in the rear doors*
NOTE
The order of the buttons may vary.
Air conditioning in the rear of the
passenger compartment*
Press the button to activate the
air conditioning in the rear of
the passenger compartment.
Rear passenger compartment
air conditioning is deactivated
when the ignition is switched
off.
Retractable power door mirrors*
Activating or deactivating the
electric child safety locks in the
rear doors. The ignition key
must be in position I or II. When
the child safety locks are activated, the lamp in the button
illuminates. A message is shown in the display
when the child safety locks are activated or
deactivated, see page 119.
Used to fold in the door mirrors
if they are folded out or to fold
them out if they are folded in.
Proceed as follows if a door mirror has been
accidentally folded in or out:
1. Manually adjust the appropriate door mirror to its normal position.
2. Turn the ignition key to position II.
''
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
51
02 Instruments and controls
Switches in the centre console
02
3. Fold the door mirror inward and then outward using the button.
The door mirrors have now returned to their
original fixed positions.
Park Assist*
The system is always activated
when the car is started. Press
the button to deactivate/reactivate the parking assistance
system. See also page 143.
Deactivation of the deadlocks* and
detectors
Use this button when you wish
to switch off the deadlock function (doors cannot be opened
from the inside when locked).
This button can also be used
when deactivating the alarm
system's movement and tilt detectors*. The
lamp illuminates when these systems are shut
down/deactivated, see pages 118 and 122.
Active Bi-Xenon lights, ABL*
The ABL headlamps' headlamp
pattern follows the movements
of the steering wheel during
driving. The function is activated automatically when the
car is started and can be deactivated/activated by pressing the button. The
lamp in the button illuminates when the function is activated
Shifting headlamp pattern for right/lefthand traffic
Hold the button depressed for at least 5 seconds. The car must be stationary when the
headlamp pattern is shifted. The message
DIPPED BEAM SETT. F. RIGHT TRAFFIC or
DIPPED BEAM SETT. F. LEFT TRAFFIC is
shown in the display. For more information and
adapting headlamp pattern for halogen or BiXenonheadlamps, see page 161.
Electric socket, (standard)/Cigarette
lighter*
The electrical socket can be
used for 12 V accessories, such
as mobile phone chargers and
coolers.
Auxiliary lamps*
Use this button to switch the
auxiliary lamps on with main
beam or to switch them off.
The ignition key must be at least in position I
so that the socket can supply power.
52
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
The cigarette lighter is activated by pushing in
the button. The button pops out when the
lighter is hot. Pull out the lighter and light a cigarette on the heated coils. For safety reasons,
always keep the cover in place when the
socket is not in use. Maximum current tap 10 A.
WARNING
Always leave the plug in the socket when
the socket is not in use.
BLIS - Blind Spot Information System*
Press the button to deactivate
or reactivate the function. see
page 145 for further information.
02 Instruments and controls
Switches in the centre console
Hazard warning flashers
Rear window and door mirror defrosters
Use the defroster to quickly
remove misting and ice from
the rear window and the door
mirrors. Press the switch to
start defrosting the rear window
and door mirrors. The lamp in
the switch illuminates. The light
in the switch is lit Defrosting is
automatically disconnected
after about 12 minutes.
AM FM
CD
LUM
VO E
POWER
*
3
DEF
5
6
JKL
MNO
8
9
TUV WXYZ
0
#
G027096
2
ABC
1
4
GHI
7
PQRS
02
Use the hazard warning flashers (all direction
indicators flash) when the car is stopped where
it could be a traffic hazard or obstruction. Press
the button to activate the function.
Heated front seats
For heated front seats, see
page 84 or 86 for further
information.
NOTE
Regulations regarding the use of hazard
warning flashers vary from country to country.
53
02 Instruments and controls
Lighting panel
Headlamps
Position
02
Specification
Position/parking lamps can be switched on
irrespective of ignition key position.
Automatic/deactivated dipped
beam. Only main beam flash.
Position/parking lamps
G027100
Automatic dipped beam. Main
beam and main beam flash
work in this position.
Light switches
Fog lamps*
Thumbwheel for headlamp levelling
Automatic dipped beam*
Dipped beam comes on automatically when
the ignition key is turned to position II, except
when the headlamp control (1) is in the centre
position. If necessary, the automatic dipped
beam can be deactivated by an authorised
Volvo workshop.
Automatic dipped beam, main beam
Rear fog lamp
1. Turn the ignition key to position II.
Thumbwheel for adjusting instrument lighting
2. Dipped beam is activated by means of
turning the headlamp control (1) clockwise
to the end position.
3. Main beam is activated by means of moving the left-hand stalk switch towards the
steering wheel to the end position and
releasing it, see page 56.
The lamps are switched off automatically when
the ignition key is turned to position I or 0.
54
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
Position/parking lamps
±
Turn the headlamp control (1) to the centre
position.
When the ignition key is in position II the position/parking lamps and number plate lighting
are always on.
Headlamp levelling
The load in the car changes the vertical alignment of the headlamp beam, which could dazzle oncoming motorists. Avoid this by adjusting
the height of the beam.
1. Turn the ignition key to position II.
2. Turn the headlamp control (1) to one of the
end positions.
3. Roll the thumbwheel (3) up or down
respectively to raise or lower beam alignment.
Cars with Bi-Xenon headlamps* have automatic headlamp levelling, so there is no thumbwheel (3).
02 Instruments and controls
Lighting panel
Instrument lighting
The instrument lighting is switched on when
the ignition key is in position II and the headlamp control (1) is in one of the end positions.
The lighting is automatically dimmed during the
day and can be controlled manually at night.
The rear fog lamp indicator symbol on the combined instrument panel and the light in the
button ill


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Nick will support WGI in the development and implementation of technology-enabled strategies for innovation, sustainability, growth, and leverage opportunities for digital transformation.
Top 10 Site Development Considerations in the City of Austin and Central Texas
Every development project poses unique site development challenges. Local land-use and zoning requirements can complicate development plans; the site's geographic and geological characteristics can necessitate creativity and flexibility; and of course, local politics often come into play. As you prepare your real property for development, it's essential to understand and face the zoning, political, and unique site challenges — and create a comprehensive strategy for overcoming them.
Here are the top 10 site development considerations for your project in Central Texas:
1. Land Use & Zoning Appropriateness
Most cities utilize zoning maps to demonstrate permitted land uses. They will serve as your guide for how you can and can't develop a given site. The map breaks down geographic sections of the city or town into categories of development, with specific permitted uses and building restrictions for each category.
The first step in any development is understanding how these land-use regulations impact your intended development, and whether your plans are consistent with community standards. Based on your review of current zoning regulations, you'll recognize if your project can be built "as of right," or if zoning changes are required. Typically, any necessary zoning changes require approval at one or more public hearings.
2. Environmental Regulations & Requirements
Development impacts the environment, so most projects encounter some type of environmental regulations or requirements. Local communities understandably want to make sure that site development doesn't damage local ecosystems.
There are many potential environmental considerations, such as endangered species, wetlands, and open-space requirements. Also, a geological assessment might be necessary to determine whether the land you're developing has sensitive features, such as sinkholes, caves, and wetlands, that could impact the project (and be impacted by it).
Wetlands are very sensitive areas, and sinkholes and caves are vital because they recharge local-area aquifers — in Central Texas, the Edwards Aquifer is a water-supply aquifer recharged via caves and sinkholes. Caves also tend to be homes to rare or endangered species.
Specific to the City of Austin, development requirements (such as impervious cover) and environmental setbacks can vary based on local watersheds. Urban watersheds tend to allow greater impervious cover.
Suburban, water-supply suburban, rural, and water-supply rural watersheds all feature different restrictions. Other environmental considerations aren't related to ecosystems, such as historic preservation and site contamination.
Site contamination is a particularly important issue because as communities continually become more densely developed, it's often necessary to reclaim land that was previously used for heavy industrial purposes. In these situations, the land is often contaminated and remediation is required prior to redevelopment, particularly when being converted to residential, medical, or education land uses.
For any development, water is a constant concern. Allowing for proper drainage is vital, not just to keep the site from flooding but to prevent downstream flooding that could impact other areas and contaminate water sources.
Water quality is always a primary consideration. Natural or engineered filtering systems are often required to clean the first flush of stormwater runoff, either by an appurtenance inside a pipe or sand filter basins.
In some jurisdictions — including the City of Austin — water-quality treatment is regulated as an environmental consideration rather than a drainage feature. Practically speaking, drainage systems and water-quality treatment tend to work in conjunction.
4. Utility Elements
Another essential concern for any new development is water and wastewater capacity. Can sewer systems handle its discharge? Can water systems provide sufficient water to meet the new development's needs, including for fire flow?
Pipes have finite capacity and if existing infrastructure can't meet your requirements, you may need to budget for additional water upgrades. Consequently, you can assume planning is necessary for future upgrades when your water and wastewater needs inevitably grow over time.
5. Traffic Impact
Traffic is a consistently significant concern for local leaders and residents. It's important to understand how your development will impact local roadways. You might need to plan physical improvements to the roadway network, and/or for impact fees used to underwrite the cost of new road infrastructure.
If your development is going to increase traffic on local roads, even if those impacts are felt a mile or more from your development, you may be expected to underwrite costs of creating new highway exit and entrance ramps, the addition of new traffic signals, or dedicated turn lanes. More likely than not, you'll be expected to conduct a traffic impact analysis (TIA) to determine the anticipated impacts and how to best mitigate them.
Flooding is a problem across the United States, and its impacts are exaggerated in localized areas based on weather patterns and geography. Central Texas is known for flash flooding during heavy rainfall events.
FEMA flood insurance rate maps (FIRM) demonstrate known floodplains, while site-specific drainage studies are able to identify localized flooding conditions or waterway setbacks not readily apparent on the FEMA maps.
Additionally, most navigable waterways are designated as Waters of the U.S. and require Army Corps of Engineers sign-off. If your project impacts a navigable waterway, expect to be working with the Corps — a federal agency — to obtain approvals for your project.
7. Impact Fees
Impact fees are the checks you must write to satisfy community requirements before you even put a shovel in the ground. These fees can cover improvements to water and wastewater systems (AKA tap fees), affordable-housing fees, fees-in-lieu of parkland dedication, tree-removal mitigation fees, or multiple other things that communities compel based on their local ordinances.
These soft costs may not be part of your development plan, but they are increasingly common. It's wise to anticipate them in your budgeting.
8. Affordable Housing Requirements
Most major cities have affordable housing requirements mandating that a specific amount of low-cost housing is created in conjunction with new development. Others offer bonus programs for including housing. Each community has different requirements, so it's important to know the community's expectations upfront.
9. Neighborhood & Political Influence
Neighborhood organizations and local elected officials have a substantial impact on entitlements and permitting, particularly in urbanized communities.
Some cities give neighborhoods more power to preserve historical buildings and infrastructure, while others rely on community leaders (neighborhood organization leaders, planning area leaders), appointed bodies (planning commission), and/or elected officials (city council) to help guide development and urban planning policy.
It's essential to know who is influencing and voting on an individual project, and then establish relationships with those decision-leaders. One truism in development is that all land use is political, and all politics is local. You never want a local leader or elected official to read or hear about a project in the local media — they should hear about it first from you.
New development projects and parking should always be considered together. Depending on your jurisdiction, there may exist both a maximum and a minimum parking requirement. Additional accessory requirements may include screening measures, parking for electric vehicles (vehicle-charging stations), providing Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)-accessible, and bicycle parking.
It is not unusual for parking reductions to be available in certain geographic areas, like central business districts, universities, or those areas well-served by public transit.
One final consideration for parking should include off-street loading and unloading areas, which can be utilized by transportation network companies (TNCs) like Uber or Lyft to safely pick up and drop off passengers. These areas may also be used for deliveries, moving vehicles, or valet service.
Every property is unique, and no two sites will have the same unique development opportunities and constraints. Understanding the zoning, political, environmental, and infrastructure challenges prior to starting your project makes the entire process more orderly and predictable.
Are you in the early stages of a new project? Civil Engineering and Site-Development Permitting are the critical paths for your development project's success.
The site and land development professionals at WGI have market-leading experience in the successful delivery of thousands of development projects nationwide on behalf of private clients, higher-education institutions, and public municipalities. Our engineers and land planners are local experts — with offices in Austin and Central Texas — augmented with the technical footprint and proficiency of a national design firm.
Contact our team today and let's make your next project more successful — together.
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The 2019 Commercial Real Estate Awards recognize the most dynamic projects and transactions in the Austin metro area. Two WGI projects took home the honors this year.
Meet our Awesome Associate Megan Amitrano, a Civil Graduate Engineer located in our San Antonio, TX office. She has 3 years of experience with WGI and enjoys brunching in urban neighborhoods with her loyal basset hound, Clyde.
WGI's experts present their 10 crucial considerations for how to overcome the unique site challenges developers may encounter when developing land in Austin, Texas.
Meet our Awesome Associate Ashley Weldon, a Marketing Coordinator who is a part of our Marketing division in the Austin, TX office.
The urban forest has social, ecological, economic, historical, and aesthetic benefits for the citizens of Austin. Learn about the Heritage Tree Ordinance and how it may affect your next development project.


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Suppose you have to specify the moment in time when a given event occurred, a "zero time". The record must be accurate to the minute, and be obtainable even after thousands of years. All the measures of time we currently have are relative to a well defined zero, but the zero is not easy to backtrack exactly.
One possibility would be to take a sample of Carbon with a well defined, very accurate amount of 14C, and say: the event occurred when the 14C was x%. At any time, measuring the rate of decay, you would know when the event occurred. This however, requires a physical entity to measure, which may be lost.
Another way would be to give the time lapsed after a well defined series of solar eclipses. In order to define precisely the context, you would say a list of (say) five consecutive eclipses and the places on Earth where they were total, and then a time gap from the last of the set. At any time in the future, you can backtrack the specified conditions into a celestial mechanics program and find when the event occurred.
Is there a standardized or well recognized method to do so?


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Audrey Riffenburgh is the Senior Health Literacy Specialist at the University of New Mexico Hospitals. Before deciding to focus her health literacy work in one organization, she was president of Plain Language Works, LLC, based in Albuquerque, for 18 years. Since 1994, Audrey has guided professionals in the medical, public health, and disability communities in opening doors to more people with clear communication and easier-to-use systems. She is a founding member of the Clear Language Group and co-founder of the Health Literacy Summer Institute in Maine.
Audrey is passionate about addressing the cultural, societal, and organizational factors that contribute to health disparities. Her work focuses on making vibrant health a possibility for everyone.
Audrey's work at UNM Hospitals includes:
- Developing a process to create, review, archive, and provide easy access to reader-friendly print materials for patients and families
- Educating employees and health care providers about health literacy
- Finding ways to make the system's processes easier for patients to navigate
Projects and achievements by Audrey and Plain Language Works before 2012 include:
- Serving as contributing author and plain language editor for Plain Language Pediatrics, published by the American Academy of Pediatrics
- Conducting a national field test of poison safety materials in English and Spanish
- Consulting and training as a Pfizer Health Literacy Visiting Lecturer seven times
Audrey holds a Master of Arts in adult learning and is pursuing a doctoral degree in health communication.


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The Healthy Hearts for Life Learning Model
The HHFL Applied Learning Model (ALM) provides a structured approach to the change management challenges facing heart patients and at risk individuals. The ALM approach offers a comprehensive and integrated progression of learning support steps throughout the lifecycle of behavioral change. Applied learning offers a more practical combination of learning styles. ALM blends the skills of traditional education methods with the opportunity to deploy and practice new techniques by applying them in everyday activities.
Visualize-Understanding the challenges of healthy heart lifestyle changes and ALM tools for preventing or stabilizing/reversing heart disease.
This first learning step is focused on building a shared understanding of heart disease and preventative action needs and serves as the foundation for success in the program. The Visualize design objectives are focused on establishing a shared understanding of the Applied Learning Model including the process, information, cost and organizational support network. The first step also serves to set the correct expectations early on in the learning lifecycle.
Prioritize-Baseline Individual Healthy Hearts Metrics, Target Goals and Personal Milestone Priorities that Match the Challenge and Capabilities of the Participant.
The Prioritize Learning Step is focused on developing a personalized learning strategy. The Healthy Hearts strategy deployment begins with development of a personal baseline of the participant's key heart healthy metrics, improvement goals and priorities. The learning step will be completed through a one on one discussion between the participant and their assigned Healthy Hearts lifestyle coach.
Configure – Developing a Detailed Heart Healthy Plan and the Right Configuration of HHFL Solution Modules
The Configure Learning Step is focused on advancing the participant's priority strategy into a personalized Healthy Hearts plan of action. During the Configure learning step, participants will work with the Lifestyle Coach and Solution Building Block Leaders. The participants will be given introductory solution building block materials, guided through related scheduling information, answer any questions and assist them in the completion of their plan.
Achieve – Practice through Deployment of the Solution Building Blocks
The last step is focused on implementation of the participant's plan. Participants will then concentrate on practicing their new skills over an extended period. The lifestyle coach will follow up with a monthly meeting and periodic progress reviews via a web-based system tracking system (part of a central technology platform), and by phone or e-mail between the meetings to insure continuity and motivation. The goal is to shift the participants' thinking and behaviors to a point where the adoption of these practices becomes the new norm for the participants.


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Spanish Glossary: M
market: 1. (noun) In Spanish cultures, a traditional market is where vendors gather to sell their goods. Markets may be open or under a roof, and they offer a less formal shopping environment than typical supermarkets or grocery stores. Prices are usually negotiable. 2. (verb) To advertise and sell an item.
mood: 1. A characteristic of a verb that indicates the manner in which the action occurs. 2. A characteristic of a person that indicates the overall emotional state of that person.


Checking if an Attribute Exists (essentially an "AttributeExists" Function)
Have you ever looked for a TM1 function that checks if an attribute exists, something like say "AttributeExists" or "AttrExists". Well there isn't one. But, don't dispair, here is a quick method you can use to do exactly that in a Turbo Integrator process.
I am writing a TI to build and then subsequently update a dimension. Right up front I am defining a bunch of variables, like the dimension name. Then I am using the DimensionExists function to check of the dimension actually exists, and if not, creating it using DimensionCreate. Finally I want to check if there is an attribute on that dimension and if not, create it.
Attribute Exists Code Example
Then I have a little bit of code that checks to see if an attribute exists and if not, then it is added. The code is:
## Check if Attributes Exist and if not, add them
vDimName = 'Product'
vAttribute1 = 'Name';
IF ( DIMIX ('}Element_Attributes_' | vDimName, vAttribute1 ) = 0);
 ATTRINSERT ( pDimName,'', vAttribute1 ,'s');
ENDIF;
What this is doing is defining the dimension and attribute. Then it uses a DIMIX to check if the attribute exists in the Control Object for the Element Attributes for the Dimension. Then if it the answer is no (a Zero), then it inserts the attribute into the dimension using ATTRINSERT. Note the type of attrubute is defined as String, Alias or Numeric (S, A or N).
So this is a really easy way of checking if an attribute exists and then adding it to a dimension without being able to use the non-existent AttributeExists function!
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About John
Managing Director of Infocube. We are a management accounting consultancy that specialises in Business Analytics.
This entry was posted in TI Coding, TI Functions and tagged AttributeExists, AttrInsert, DimensionCreate, DimensionExists, dimix. Bookmark the permalink.


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Increased capabilities for testing aerospace materials
ISS-Reshetnev Company has added a new vacuum chamber to its extensive experimental facilities.
The new testing equipment has a volume of 0.6 cubic meters and was built as part of the Millimetron research project. It will be used for conducting thermal vacuum tests on material samples which are intended for the space observatory.
The chamber is capable of simulating not only the high vacuum environment, but extremely low temperatures of deep space (minus 268.5° C) as well.
The space observatory Millimetron is designed to operate at extremely low temperatures. Its structures has to be cooled down in order to reduce thermal noise and prevent heat emitted by the satellite's equipment from distorting and affecting signals coming from deep space objects.
The new vacuum chamber was built by one of the companies that are part of the ISS-Reshetnev's integrated corporate structure – NPO PM Small Design Bureau.
The space observatory Millimetron is being built within the framework of Russia's Federal Space Program. It is designed to study various deep space objects covering the millimeter and infrared spectral ranges.
In this project ISS-Reshetnev Company is responsible for the manufacture of the telescope's structure 10 meters in diameter, assembly and testing of the onboard complex of science instruments.


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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Oct 7 2014
Media Contact: Molly Antos
Punch Technologies launches Punch Alert, the only all-in-one mass emergency communication platform for schools
CHARLOTTE, NC, Oct 7 2014 – Punch Technologies today launched Punch Alert – the only all-in-one, mobile emergency communication platform created to help schools and universities protect and connect their campus.
Punch Alert improves security by including a panic button that, once pressed, alerts emergency responders of a potentially life-threatening situation. Responders then have the ability to release emergency information to others on campus when appropriate, involving them collaboratively in the response process. Punch Alert streamlines communication by enabling faculty, staff, and students to submit information and emergency responders to deliver mass updates during emergencies. Punch Alert also, through its use of GPS and iBeacon/Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, provides location awareness by capturing the location of the initial report and actively monitoring the location of all faculty and staff until the emergency is resolved.
"School security is a significant priority to parents, faculty and administrators. What better way to protect the school campus then by putting a panic alarm and emergency communication system in the hands of every staff and faculty member?" said Greg Artzt, CEO of Punch Technologies.
"Punch Alert offers a unique combination of smart communication, emergency management and real-time location awareness that makes it the ideal platform for protecting a school campus. Punch Alert represents a new standard in school security."
Punch Alert is being piloted by schools and universities nationwide and has already been implemented in a number of schools including the East Hampton and South Huntington public school districts in New York.
"Communication in any organization is the first thing to break down during a crisis," said Robert Hagan, Director of Technology Learning and Instruction, East Hampton School District.
"Punch Alert has solved this dilemma for the East Hampton School District by putting an easy-to-use panic system in place for our schools."
Punch Alert is cost effective. Schools do not need to buy expensive hardware to implement the platform, they can use the technologies and smart devices they already have on hand.
Punch is also positioned to scale with new wearable devices as they become available which offers a low-cost means to track/locate versus traditional methods.
Additional features and functionality include:
- Define the monitored region with geofencing
- Setup faculty, staff, and emergency responders from the Punch Alert Web Console
- Press the Panic button to instantly alert authorities, emergency responders, and other staff and faculty
- Monitor real-time location of everyone on school campus in the event of an emergency
- Upload and share pictures, audio recordings, videos and text messages
- Deliver mass updates and instructions to staff and faculty from the mobile app or web console
- Pinpoint indoor location with inexpensive bluetooth beacon installations (optional)
- Resolve the incident and automatically inform all staff and faculty
"School security is not something to be taken lightly," said Artzt. "We want to make sure that all schools are prepared in the event of an emergency, and we believe that Punch Alert offers the best means of managing the safety of a school campus – via a real-time, collaborative security system."
For more information on Punch Alert, visit our overview page or check out our explainer video.


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Shorter school year
In Tennessee, Education Commissioner Kevin Huffman approved all of the requests from 42 of the state's 136 school districts this year to shorten their school calendars because of natural disasters. The waivers varied from one to seven days and in Southeast Tennessee included:
- Bradley County, seven days
- Cleveland City Schools, two days
- Hamilton County, two days
- Sequatchie County, two days
- Rhea County, two days
- Bledsoe County, two days
- Grundy County, one day
In Georgia, the Department of Education allows school districts to use four emergency days for school closings below the 180-day state minimum for the year. Additionally, six school districts were granted waivers to operate fewer than 176 days, including:
- Catoosa County, four days
- Walker County, three days
- Dade County, four days
Sources: Tennessee Department of Education, Georgia Department of Education
Meeting the standard
In Hamilton County, the school system met the state's overall requirement for 180 days of annual instruction with fewer days by extending the school day, counting partial days and getting a state waiver from minimum standards:
- Thirteen days were credited below the 180-day minimum by adding 30 minutes to the school day, expanding the typical school day to seven hours from the state minimum of 6.5 hours.
- Two additional days lost because of bad weather were waived from the state standard by the Tennessee Department of Education after the school board requested the waiver because of tornado damage in April.
- Two days were counted as instructional days when students registered for classes on Aug. 4, 2010, and when students picked up report cards on May 24. There was no actual classroom instruction on either day.
- Four days were scheduled half-days for parent-teacher conferences and for professional development days.
- Four or more days were shortened by delayed openings or early dismissals because of bad weather, tornado cleanup, school building problems or special events at individual schools. The state allows school districts to count any day as an instructional day when the school is open at least 3.5 hours.
Sources: Hamilton County School System calendar for 2010-11, Tennessee Department of Education
Tennessee public schools may need to lengthen their school year in the future to help students from the Volunteer State compete in a global market where most students study longer each year, Gov. Bill Haslam said.
But meanwhile, Haslam said more than a third of the state's school systems hard hit by snowstorms, flooding or tornadoes were granted waivers from minimum calendar requirements in the past year.
"Due to the storms this year and due to the budget, I think it was going to be hard to go back and force the folks there [to meet the state standard]," Haslam said in a recent interview as the school year ended across Tennessee. "I think you're looking at a unique situation this year with all of the storms and the flooding."
Many districts in Southeast Tennessee and Northwest Georgia had at least a week less of school in the past year than they did a year ago.
In Hamilton County, for instance, most schools operated complete seven-hour instructional days only 155 days in the school year that ended May 24 — nine days less than the previous year.
Schools in Hamilton County were open 165 days in the past year, but that included two weeks of days cut short for teacher-parent conferences, professional development, registration and report card pickups and weather-related delays or early dismissals.
Haslam said schools need to be going in the other direction to keep pace with some foreign countries that require as many as 50 more days of classroom instruction a year.
"If you look at the success of education in other countries or in charter school environments, a lot of it is tied to just going to school longer," Haslam said. "I know a lot of kids and some parents may not want to hear that, but if we're going to compete we can't be playing half a schedule."
Shorter calendar in U.S.
According to the National Center on Time & Learning, a Boston research group that advocates a longer school year, China, Japan, Korea and a half-dozen other countries have minimum school years longer than 200 days a year. The United States average school year ranked 39th among the world's 49 biggest countries and in the past year many Tennessee and Georgia schools had shorter school calendars than the U.S. average of just under 180 days.
Haslam said he hopes to look at Tennessee's education system over the summer, though he said changing the calendar and the way teachers are paid is "changing the very fabric of education, and we won't do any such changes lightly."
In a recent meeting with editors at The Tennessean newspaper in Nashville, state Education Commissioner Kevin Huffman said the state should consider adding more time to the school calendar, although his department has no specific recommendations as yet.
"We have a calendar in Tennessee not based on the modern world," he said.
States OK shorter schedule
Nonetheless, Huffman's office granted 42 waivers to school districts this year to allow the school systems to complete their school year without meeting the state standard for 180 days of instruction averaging 6.5 hours a day.
In Georgia, the state allows individual school districts to decide to drop four days below the state's 180-day school calendar for emergency reasons. A half-dozen school districts, including Catoosa, Walker and Dade, still had to get additional waivers to cut their school years even shorter after storms damaged schools in their districts.
In Hamilton County, the school system met state standards by operating most days for an extra 30 minutes beyond the state minimum school day of 6.5 hours. That allowed the school system to make up 13 days lost for bad weather this year. When repeated snowstorms and tornadoes ripped through the region in the past year, the state granted a waiver to allow the school system to give up another two days from its calendar rather than make up the lost school days.
"It would be very difficult and create a lot of confusion to add more time on at the end of the school year after many students have already graduated," said Danielle Clark, director of communications for Hamilton County Schools.
Hamilton County school administrators say they complied with the state guidelines and only asked for a waiver after students missed two days because of the April 27 tornadoes.
"The power was out and conditions just weren't good enough to report to class," said Kirk Kelly, Hamilton County Schools' director of accountability and testing.
The school board view
Hamilton County school board Chairman Jeffrey Wilson said the lost days from this year's storms couldn't be avoided. But over time, Wilson said Tennessee schools need to look at longer school calendars to stay competitive with foreign schools.
"I think we need to find a way to make the school year longer, but there are a lot of challenges and I don't know how we as a community will get there in the near future," he said.
Citing China's 12-hour, year-round school days, Hamilton County school board member Linda Mosley said U.S. schools must look at their schedules as a means to stay competitive.
"We know that the more time [students] spend away from school, the more they forget," Mosley said. "A longer schedule is something that would take a lot of planning and debate and community buy-in, but it would benefit our students."
Starting in 2004, Hamilton County attempted a year-round schedule at Hardy Elementary School. The seven-year experiment ended this year after school officials said parents and teachers lost enthusiasm.
Mosley said that if Hamilton County tries such a plan again, it needs to be a widespread effort.
"I think if we were to do it, we should spread it over a whole district," said Mosley, adding that such an effort would take years of planning and gradual implementation.
But with the typical American student in class less than half the year, Jennifer Davis, president of the National Center on Time & Learning, said U.S. schools need to lengthen their school year.
"Our current school schedule is based on the 19th-century agrarian calendar of 180, six-hour days, which does not offer the time necessary to prepare children for today's competitive world," she said.
As the state looks to reshape education, all options should be on the table, Haslam said.
"I think what we have to do with education is to take a whole, fresh new look at everything, from how long students go to school to how do we compensate teachers to make sure that we are rewarding them," he said.
"We spent a lot of time in this session talking about teacher tenure and collective bargaining. But the next piece that we need to discuss if we are really going to have a great education system is how do we attract and keep the very best people in education."
Adam Crisp covers education issues for the Times Free Press. He joined the paper's staff in 2007 and initially covered crime, public safety, courts and general assignment topics. Prior to Chattanooga, Crisp was a crime reporter at the Savannah Morning News and has been a reporter and editor at community newspapers in southeast Georgia. In college, he led his student paper to a first-place general excellence award from the Georgia College Press Association. He earned...


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The current study examined the lingual kinematic and acoustic effects of bite blocks on vowels in a sentence context. Twenty adult native English speakers (10 male, 10 female) with no speech, language, or hearing deficits participated in the study. The corner vowels found in the sentence, The blue spot is on the black key again (i.e., /u/, /É'/, /Ã¦/, /i/), were measured kinematically and acoustically immediately before and after bite block insertion. The participants' speech was audio-recorded and their lingual articulatory movements were measured with a Northern Digital Instruments Wave electromagnetic articulograph. The sensor coils were attached to three different parts on the tongue (back, middle, and front). Acoustic analysis of the vowel formants revealed that the vowel articulation index and vowel space area decreased significantly following bite block insertion. Kinematic analysis of the sensors on the tongue revealed that the kinematic vowel articulation index decreased significantly for the back and middle of the tongue but not for the front. Thus, adjustments to the position of the front of the tongue were sufficient to compensate for the bite block perturbation, while the same measures for the back and middle of the tongue were significantly affected. This was likely due to the relative independence in the movement of the front of the tongue, given its distance from the posterior point of attachment between the tongue and mandible. These findings suggest that the effects of articulatory perturbation can be more fully understood when kinematic and acoustic measures are considered together.
College and Department
David O. McKay School of Education; Communication Disorders
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Low, Tanner Keith, "Kinematic and Acoustic Vowel Changes in Adult Bite Block Speech" (2019). Theses and Dissertations. 7495.
kinematics, acoustics, bite block, perturbation, compensation, vowels


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The Legend Behind the Origin of Thrikkakara Temple
The Sthala purana gives a brief description of how the Thrikkakara temple came to be. The legend says that once Kapila Maharishi was searching for a suitable place for doing his tapas. He reached Thrikkakarai and was taken in by the scenic splendor of the place. Yet he noticed that there was no water resource anywhere near the place. Therefore, he dug a tank and grew lotuses and sengaalineer flower in the tank. These are the two types of flowers used for worshipping Lord Vishnu. The Rishi settled down in the place and used these flowers for worshipping the lord. In due course, pleased with his prayers the lord appeared before him. Kapila Maharishi then requested Vishnu to stay in the place so that other devotees may also have similar darshan.


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The Gratitude Power Workbook: Transform Fear into Courage, Anger into Forgiveness, Isolation into Belonging
Mary Beth Sammons and Nina Lesowitz have received hundreds of thank you emails and letters from readers whose lives they have touched and helped — spiritual seekers, teachers, business people, cancer patients, parents, the newly bereaved, athletes, and many others. Building upon the foundational wisdom of the bestselling Living Life as a Thank You Nina Lesowitz and Mary Beth Sammons have developed a workbook filled with life-changing practices and encouraging advice to take readers through a process of self-transformation and personal growth. The workbook-style format not only provides readers with tried and true thank you techniques and practices, but also allows them to take part in creating their own.
The act and power of gratitude has a direct effect on our lives on a physical, spiritual, mental and emotional level. Studies have shown that living life with appreciation leads to a greater sense of well-being and happiness. The secret to a happy and fulfilled life may rely on focusing on all the good, rather than what is lacking or not going well at the moment. The Thank You Power Workbook is a toolkit for this transformation.


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Configuring Parallels and Meridians
The parallels and meridians represent the coordinate system grid that is called a graticule and can be formatted by using the Property Browser.
Setting the Step
Both parallels and meridians define a step that determines the density of their lines. By default, the step value is NaN, which automatically adjust the graticule lines depending on the current map extent. The smaller the extent is, the smaller the graticule step becomes.
To change the step of the parallels or meridians:
 1. Click the Map item you want to change. The selected map properties are listed in the Property Browser.
 2. Expand the Parallels or Meridians property.
 3. Select the Step property and set it to the desired value.
 4. When you are done, press Enter.
Styling the Appearance
You can change the style of the parallels and meridians by selecting the respective property and by using the Style properties of the Property Browser.
To change the style of the parallels or meridians:
 1. Click the map item you want to change. The selected map properties are listed in the Property Browser.
 2. Expand the Parallels or Meridians property.
 3. In the Style property, click the Edit Collection (…) button. As a result, the Edit style dialog opens.
 4. When you are done, click OK.
See Also
In this article


Did you know that this tool owned by almost every household has been patented no less than 300 times? There are thousands of models of corkscrews, making it a great collector's item!
The history of the corkscrew
As you certainly know, wine has been around for thousands of years. It is mentioned in writings dating back to antiquity among others. On the other hand, the containers have evolved a lot over time. The history of the corkscrew is by definition linked to the cork and the bottle.
The bottle was a great advance in the history of wine because it allowed it to age safely and made it much easier to be moved around.
In order to close the bottles, the first used process is a system of wooden dowels stuffed with oil soaked oakum, all sealed with wax. This cork could be removed by a fixed cord, but it had some weaknesses. This system was replaced by the famous cork that we know today and which led to the need of the corkscrew.
The first written reference on the corkscrew dates back from 1681 and it is compared to a steel worm. However, it was not until 100 years later that the first patent for the corkscrew was filed by the Reverend Samuel Henshall, an Englishman in 1795.
Various ingenious systems to remove corks
The first principle used to remove corks is the principle of the inserted wick. According to various sources, the corkscrew was inspired by the tool used to remove cannons or to remove unspent charges from a musket's barrel. Based on this assumption, it is likely that the first corkscrews were made by gunsmiths.
Very quickly, the shank of the corkscrew was shaped into a pig tail which allowed to have more support within the cork. Over the years, the device was enhanced providing various methods to uncork the bottles.
The T-shaped corkscrew, probably the oldest of the systems we know. The corkscrew is pulled after having pushed the worm into the cork.
The "Walker Bell", one of the first American corkscrews that pushes the bottle downwards while holding the cork in place and pulling it out.
The sommelier knife, also called "waiter's friend is a corkscrew in a folding body similar to a pocket knife. It was conceived by the German inventor Karl F.A. Wienke in 1882.
The winged corkscrew, also known as the "Charles de Gaulle" corkscrew, which was patented by Mr Heely in 1888.
In 1979; Herbert Allen patented the "Screwpull" corkscrew. The original corkscrew is part of the first MoMa's collection in New-York! And among the modern corkscrews, the electric corkscrew which uncorks bottles with a simple click and the latest born, the Coravin which uses a syringe and inert gas.
Collector's corkscrews
The corkscrew collector or helixophile can collect corkscrews in many different ways: by model, by brand, by period… Here is a small selection of the many beautiful corkscrews you can find on Delcampe.
Written by Héloïse
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Employee Legal Awareness Day
Perhaps a somewhat informal day of recognition started by Paul Brennan, a lawyer in Australia; however, it does raise a rather serious issue in the sphere of disability management. It is arguable that there are likely many employees who do not know there legal rights in the workplace regarding occupational health and safety. And for most, the idea of sitting down with a Workers Compensation regulation or Employment Standards Act is unthinkable. But it is important for workers to know some of the fundamental health and safety information to help protect their own well-being. This does not negate the employer's responsibility to ensure a healthy workplace or ensure that their employees have access to important health and safety information; rather it helps to ensure people take responsibility for themselves. It also supports the idea of employers and employees working collaboratively to make sure workers are aware of their legal rights and responsibilities as this is only one aspect of workplace health and safety.
Disability management professionals can be instrumental in this process to provide information and help organizations develop preventative disability management policies, which employees can be encouraged to be familiar with. So, today's post is simply to acknowledge Employee Legal Awareness Day and encourage employees to take one small step in raising their legal awareness as it relates to their workplace or occupation.


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The brilliant Dichroic optical properties of Dichroic glass are the result of multiple micro-layers of metal oxides. These thin layers of oxides have a total thickness of three to five millionths of an inch.
NASA developed Dichroic glass for use in satellite mirrors. Multiple ultra-thin layers of different metal oxides (gold, silver, titanium, chromium, aluminum, zirconium, magnesium, silicon) are evaporated on to the surface of the glass in a vacuum chamber.
The resulting plate of Dichroic glass can then be fused with other glass in multiple firings. Certain wavelengths of light will either pass through or be reflected, causing an array of colors to be visible. Due to variations in the firing process, individual results can never be exactly reproduced, each piece of fused Dichroic glass is unique


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There exists a material which is produced after sugarcane is processed. It can be called bagasse. This fibrous material remains after all of the stalks are already crushed, extracting every one of the juices within the fiber is substance. What remains is a dry pulpy substance. This is just what you can use to convert into a couple different kinds of biofuel. This might be fuel that way which is often used with diesel motors, or it may be processed into charcoal. Pyrolysis machines are utilized to accomplish this. The following is a summary of how this is achieved and those sugarcane bagasse uses for charcoal.
How Is Charcoal Produced From Sugarcane Bagasse?
Charcoal manufacturing plant are extremely unique units that can come in a number of sizes. You can obtain a basic model that is certainly small, able to producing a small amount of biofuel. It is also possible to order a whole pyrolysis plant which is often shipped to where you are. They all work within the same principle. The information that is processed is chipped or cut into smaller components and placed in to a pyrolysis reactor. There is not any oxygen during this chain reaction that will occur when the material is heated to several hundred degrees. Combustion will not likely occur, and also the remaining residue using this process will likely be gases that become liquids, and solid materials the biochar that becomes the charcoal.
How Do You Find Firms That Sell This?
You can get some companies that sell these machines. The countries in Asia normally have the ideal ones. They are doing this type of help decades, however it is only in recent years that this kind of industry has brought off. People are more concerned than previously about the roll-out of usable substances from materials that may be recycled. For this reason finding a machine that may convert bagasse into bagasse charcoal might be exactly what you should do in case you have access to a sugarcane plant which is harvested.
Based on the amount of sugarcane bagasse that you might have at the end of the harvest season, you may have to purchase either a little or large pyrolysis machine. Upon having found a firm that may provide choice for you, you must choose a few others, and after that choose the one that has the best price. This will allow you to make the most of all of the sugarcane bagasse ways to use charcoal. It will likely be readily accessible companies that might be happy to purchase it by you helping your company to create more revenue.


Creating Grouped Configurations for the SRC 3GPP Gateway (SRC CLI)
Configuration groups allow you to share the SRC 3GPP gateway configuration with different SRC 3GPP gateway instances in the SRC network. You can also set up different configurations for different instances.
You can then create a grouped SRC 3GPP gateway configuration that is shared among multiple SRC 3GPP gateway instances. For example, if you create two different SRC 3GPP gateway groups called config1 and config2 within the shared SRC 3GPP gateway configuration, you could select the SRC 3GPP gateway configuration that should be associated with a particular SRC 3GPP gateway instance.
Use the shared option of the slot number gw-3gpp statement to select the group for an SRC 3GPP gateway instance as part of the local configuration. Use the shared gw-3gpp group name configuration statements to configure the group.
To select and configure a group:
 1. From configuration mode, select a group for an SRC 3GPP gateway instance. For example, to select a group called config1 in the root group:
 [edit]user@host# set slot 0 gw-3gpp shared /config1
 2. Commit the configuration.
 [edit]user@host# commit commit complete.
 3. From configuration mode, configure a group. For example, to configure a group called config1, specify the group as part of the SRC 3GPP gateway configuration.
 [edit]user@host# edit shared gw-3gpp group config1
Related Documentation


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Water Flow – Penstock
Water flow is a measurement of the quantity of water flowing past a given point in a period of time and is measured in volume.
The volume of flow is typically expressed in gallons per minute or liters per minute.
The easiest way to measure water flow is to channel the flow of water at the natural speed of the flow into a container with a known volume.
Then, you measure the time it takes for the container to be filled with water to calculate the flow rate. Be sure to make several measurements at different times of the year to calculate the average water flow rate, as the flow rate may change with the season.
If you are in a zero head height location, one technique to measure water flow is to throw a ping-pong ball in the flowing stream, if you can keep up with the ball while briskly walking, the flow is too slow. If you need to quickly jog or run to keep up with the ball, then the flow rate will probably be high enough to use a zero head water turbine.
A penstock is what controls the rate and volume of water flow from a water source towards a hydro turbine generator. It is usually designed as a closed pipe with opening and closing gates to allow only the desired amount of water into the system.
When a hydropower system is not being used, water can be stored in the penstock for later use.


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*Use fresh fruits in a variety of shapes and colors that are in season, such as watermelon, cantaloupe, honeydew, pineapple, strawberries, kiwi fruit, etc.
Pumpkin-carving tools work really well for carving watermelon. If you don't have any, use a small sharp paring knife.
Carving a melon bowl is similar to carving a pumpkin. It takes a bit of time to carve it, but the bowl can be carved before the party, wrapped in plastic and refrigerated. The melon pulp you remove from the shell can be cut up and served with the other fruits in this festive bowl.
Step 1 Select a uniformly-shaped melon and wash it. Cut off the top 1/4 of the melon. Cut a thin slice from the bottom so the melon will sit flat, being careful not to cut into the red pulp. Scoop out the melon, leaving a 1/2 to 1-inch shell. Next, determine a design to carve. For a graduation, you might carve the year (as shown) or carve the graduate's name. Use stencils for the numbers or letters and trace them onto adhesive-backed vinyl-coated paper.
Step 2 Attach the adhesive pattern to the watermelon. With a small sharp, pointed knife or pumpkin carving tool, cut 3/4 of the way around each number or letter.


as one unit on the y axis. Try changing the aspect ratio to 0.5 and 2.0, and see how the circle looks. The option figsize=(x_size,y_size) specifies the aspect ratio and relative size of the figure. The units for the figure size are relative, and don't correspond to an absolute unit like inches or centimetres. The option frame=True places a frame with tick marks around the outside of the plot.
Time for action – making a polar plot
Some functions are more easily described in terms of angle and radius. The angle is the independent variable, and the radius at that angle is the dependent variable. Polar plots are widely used in electrical engineering to describe the radiation pattern of an antenna. Some antennas are designed to transmit (or receive) electromagnetic radiation in a very narrow beam. The beam shape is known as the radiation pattern. One way to achieve a narrow beam is to use an array of simple dipole antennas, and carefully control the phase of the signal fed to each antenna. In the following example, we will consider seven short dipole antennas set in a straight line:
Sage Beginner's Guide
# A linear broadside array of short vertical dipoles
# located along the z axis with 1/2 wavelength spacing
var('r, theta')
N = 7
normalized_element_pattern = sin(theta)
array_factor = 1 / N * sin(N * pi / 2 * cos(theta)) \
/ sin(pi / 2 * cos(theta))
array_plot = polar_plot(abs(array_factor), (theta, 0, pi),
color='red', legend_label='Array')
radiation_plot = polar_plot(abs(normalized_element_pattern
* array_factor), (theta, 0, pi), color='blue',
legend_label='Radiation')
combined_plot = array_plot + radiation_plot
combined_plot.xmin(-0.25)
combined_plot.xmax(0.25)
combined_plot.set_legend_options(loc=(0.5, 0.3))
show(combined_plot, figsize=(2, 5), aspect_ratio=1)
Execute the code. You should get a plot like this:
Sage Beginner's Guide
What just happened?
We plotted a polar function, and used several of the plotting features that we've already discussed. There are two subtle points worth mentioning. The function array_factor is a function of two variables, N and theta. In this example, N is more like a parameter, while theta is the independent variable we want to use for plotting. We use the syntax (theta, 0, pi) in the plot function to indicate that theta is the independent variable. The second new aspect of this example is that we used the methods xmin and xmax to set the limits of the x axis for the graphics object called combined_plot. We also used the set_legend_options of the graphics object to adjust the position of the legend to avoid covering up important details of the plot.
Time for action – plotting a vector field
Vector fields are used to represent force fields such as electromagnetic fields, and are used to visualize the solutions of differential equations. Sage has a special plotting function to visualize vector fields.
var('x, y')
a = plot_vector_field((x, y), (x, -3, 3), (y, -3, 3), color='blue')
b = plot_vector_field((y, -x), (x, -3, 3), (y, -3, 3), color='red')
show(a + b, aspect_ratio=1, figsize=(4, 4))
You should get the following image:
Sage Beginner's Guide
What just happened?
The plot_vector_field function uses the following syntax:
plot_vector_field((x_function,y_function), (x,x_min,x_max), (y,y_
min,y_max))
The keyword argument color specifies the color of the vectors.
Plotting data in Sage
So far, we've been making graphs of functions. We specify the function and the domain, and Sage automatically chooses the points to make a nice-looking curve. Sometimes, we need to plot discrete data points that represent experimental measurements or simulation results. The following functions are used for plotting defined sets of points.
Time for action – making a scatter plot
Scatter plots are used in science and engineering to look for correlation between two variables. A cloud of points that is roughly circular indicates that the two variables are independent, while a more elliptical arrangement indicates that there may be a relationship between them. In the following example, the x and y coordinates are contrived to make a nice plot. In real life, the x and y coordinates would typically be read in from data files. Enter the following code:
def noisy_line(m, b, x):
return m * x + b + 0.5 * (random() - 0.5)
slope = 1.0
intercept = -0.5
x_coords = [random() for t in range(50)]
y_coords = [noisy_line(slope, intercept, x) for x in x_coords]
sp = scatter_plot(zip(x_coords, y_coords))
sp += line([(0.0, intercept), (1.0, slope+intercept)], color='red')
sp.show()
The result should look similar to this plot. Note that your results won't match exactly, since the point positions are determined randomly.
Sage Beginner's Guide
What just happened?
We created a list of randomized x coordinates using the built-in random function. This function returns a random number in the range 0 <= x < 1. We defined a function called noisy_line that we then used to create a list of randomized y coordinates with a linear relationship to the x coordinates. We now have a list of x coordinates and a list of y coordinates, but the scatter_plot function needs a list of (x,y) tuples. The zip function takes the two lists and combines them into a single list of tuples. The scatter_plot function returns a graphics object called sp. To add a line object to the plot, we use the following syntax:
sp += line([(x1, y1), (x2,y2)], color='red')
The += operator is a way to increment a variable; x+=1 is a shortcut for x = x + 1. Because the + operator also combines graphics objects, this syntax can be used to add a graphics object to an existing graphics object.
Time for action – plotting a list
Sometimes, you need to plot a list of discrete data points. The following example might be found in an introductory digital signal processing (DSP) course. We will use lists to represent digital signals. We sample the analogue function cosine(t) at two different sampling rates, and plot the resulting digital signals.
# Use list_plot to visualize digital signals
# Undersampling and oversampling a cosine signal
sample_times_1 = srange(0, 6*pi, 4*pi/5)
sample_times_2 = srange(0, 6*pi, pi/3)
data1 = [cos(t) for t in sample_times_1]
data2 = [cos(t) for t in sample_times_2]
plot1 = list_plot(zip(sample_times_1, data1), color='blue')
plot1.axes_range(0, 18, -1, 1)
plot1 += text("Undersampled", (9, 1.1), color='blue', fontsize=12)
plot2 = list_plot(zip(sample_times_2, data2), color='red')
plot2.axes_range(0, 18, -1, 1)
plot2 += text("Oversampled", (9, 1.1), color='red', fontsize=12)
g = graphics_array([plot1, plot2], 2, 1) # 2 rows, 1 column
g.show(gridlines=["minor", False])
The result is as follows:
Sage Beginner's Guide
What just happened?
The function list_plot works a lot like scatter_plot from the previous example, so I won't explain it again. We used the method axes_range(x_min, x_max, y_min, y_max) to set the limits of the x and y axes all at once. Once again, we used the += operator to add a graphics object to an existing object. This time, we added a text annotation instead of a line. The basic syntax for adding text at a given (x,y) position is text('a string', (x,y)). To see the options that text accepts, type the following:
sage: text.options
{'vertical_alignment': 'center', 'fontsize': 10


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|Latitude 34 North|
Historic Markers Across Georgia
Gantt House C. 1880
John D. Gantt came to Cobb County in the 1850s with his parents and siblings, and married in 1858. Although the family's farm was destroyed during the Civil War, they rebuilt and continued to acquire land. Years later, the family built this house, which featured 6 rooms, 2 porches and 4 fireplaces. After John's passing in 1903, the property remained in the Gantt family. John's son Jasper eventually became sole owner and in 1922 owned approximately 195 acres. Jasper died in 1937 without heirs. The land including the house was soled in 1950, but the vast majority of the estate was eventually developed into the surrounding subdivisions.
Cobb County Historic Preservation Commission - Source Information