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An obligation of record entered into before some court of record or magistrate duly authorized, with condition to do some particular act, as to appear at the same or some other court, to keep the peace, or pay a debt. A recognizance differs from a bond, being witnessed by the record only, and not by the party's seal.
- Law An obligation of record that is entered into before a court or magistrate, containing a condition to perform a particular act, such as making a court appearance.
- Law A sum of money pledged to assure the performance of such an act.
- A recognition.
- Archaic A pledge; a token.


text:
TAKS Revised Mathematics and Science Charts
Student Assessment Home | Contact Student Assessment | Printing PDFs
Use the revised Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) math and science charts. You can recognize these revised charts because they have the TAKS logo in the top left-hand corner.
In order to produce rulers that are consistent with the rulers printed on the state-supplied mathematics and science charts, follow these steps:
- Set the print menu to print the pages at 100% by selecting "None" under the Page Scaling option.
- Print on paper that is wider than 8 ½ inches, such as 11 by 17 inch paper.
- Trim the paper to 8 ½ by 11 inches so that the rulers will be on the edge of the paper.
The following links will open the revised TAKS math and science charts:
For additional information, contact:
Student Assessment Division
1701 North Congress Avenue, Room 3-122A
Austin, Texas 78701
Page last modified on 10/22/2012.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
seems is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "seems" uses 5 letters: E E M S S.
Direct anagrams of seems:
Words formed by adding one letter before or after seems (in bold), or to eemss in any order:
a - sesame d - messed e - emeses h - meshes i - emesis k - smeeks n - menses mesnes semens s - messes t - tmeses
List shorter words within seems, sorted by length
All words formed from seems by changing one letter
Browse words starting with seems by next letter

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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A multimodal analysis of linguistic landscapes in and around Botswana parliament
MetadataShow full item record
This study investigates the use of language and signage in and around Parliament of Botswana by drawing from Linguistic Landscapes (LL) found in the area. The main aim of this study is to explore the symbolic and functional values of signs and languages found in and around Parliament of Botswana. Its main objective is to analyse the visual language in display in and around Parliament looking at the visibility and clarity of language and information/ messages on the signage and to interpret the distribution and frequency of each one of the languages in signage. Secondly, considering that embassies, international companies, organizations and one of the oldest and busiest malls are within the vicinity of Parliament, the study explored whether their presence is captured in the LL.Following Gorter (2006), Shohamy and Gorter (2009) and Shohamy, Ben Rafael and Barni(2010), the data used was drawn from the different types of signs in and around parliament and its neighborhood and included signs with municipal and infrastructural discourses as well as commercial discourses. Using descriptive qualitative research and a thematic approach for data analysis, the study captures the distribution, function, composition and size, clarity of intended information or messages of language on multilingual and monophonic signs.The study gives an insight on the dominance of English against other Botswana languages in LL.In terms of language vitality, the linguistic landscape gives the incorrect picture as if English and Setswana are the only languages spoken in Botswana. Interestingly, Chinese is occasionally found in the linguistic landscape. The presence of Chinese in the shops near Parliament, I argue, is a ploy to attract people to ostensibly "cheap" products. The linguistic landscape shows the apparent contradiction in which even monuments of heroes and pictures of past "Dikgosi"(Chiefs) are constructed in English. The study further reveals even where Setswana is used it is always on bilingual signs and the quality of translation is sometimes poor. The study also suggests that most of the signage was constructed in English and then translated to Setswana. It is not surprising then that the information on the Setswana LL is not always as complete as one on English. In some cases, it says something quite unrelated to the intended message. The different signs and discourses analysed clearly show that people are aware of the signs that surround them and the marketing strategies employed. The signage revealed multiplicity and fusion of discourses with types ranging from low budget to the modern visual signs by individuals to established companies. Both the consumers and the authors are aware of the link between the LL and economics. For this reason, signage is placed where it is expected to achieve maximum visibility and for maximum consumer impact. It is not uncommon to find someone placing their LL on someone else's, and "ambush" marketing is common place. The diversity of signs used in the study have illustrated and given an insight into the contrasting marketing strategies adopted not only by Batswana, but also by foreign investors, all vying for a piece of space in the Botswana landscape.


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The modern dynamic world requires that basic science courses for engineering, including linear algebra, emphasise the development of mathematical abilities primarily associated with modelling and interpreting, which are not exclusively calculus abilities. Considering this, an instructional design was created based on mathematical modelling and emerging heuristic models for the construction of specific linear algebra concepts: span and spanning set. This was applied to first year engineering students. Results suggest that this type of instructional design contributes to the construction of these mathematical concepts and can also improve first year engineering students' understanding of key linear algebra concepts and enhance the development of higher order skills.
|Journal||Journal of Technology and Science Education|
|Publication status||Published - 1 Jan 2016|
- Emerging models
- Instructional design
- Linear algebra
- Mathematical modelling
- Spanning set


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Kobo signs agreement with Blake eLearning to bring more Reading Eggs eBooks to bookstore
Toronto, Ont. – September 2, 2014 — Kobo, a global leader in eReading, today announced it has signed an agreement with Blake eLearning to make more than 120 of their award-winning Reading Eggs eBooks available to millions of Kobo Readers worldwide. For the first time, the popular Reading Eggs eBooks will be available in the digital format outside of the Reading Eggs program and are available exclusively on Kobo.
Developed by a highly experienced team of educational teachers, writers and developers, the Reading Eggs program focuses on a core reading curriculum of phonics and word memorization so that kids learn skills and strategies essential for sustained reading success. It directly supports what children learn at school and will help to improve a child's results at school.
Enjoy 4 FREE downloads now
To celebrate this exclusive partnership, Reading Eggs is offering a bundle of 4 free educational eBooks to Kobo customers – with additional free and paid titles also available at Kobo.com. Children can get started on Reading Eggs' Alphabet, Concept, Math and Leveled eBooks with the introductory title from each one free.
More about the series:
- Alphabet eBooks – Research shows that knowing the alphabet, especially the sound and shape of each letter, is a strong indicator for success at school. The 26 Reading Eggs Alphabet eBooks provide a powerful tool to help children build these skills. Building phonemic awareness – the ability to hear and say the different sounds in words – is the second skill all children need to learn to read.
- Math eBooks – Make math fun, relevant and colourful with these Math Concept eBooks. The series introduces early math concepts in a bright and stimulating format, covering early math skills such as counting, number recognition, colours, shapes and more! The 22 Reading Eggs Mathseeds Concept eBooks provide a powerful tool to help children build these skills.
- Concept eBooks – Research shows that having a rich vocabulary is a key building block for all learning. There are many simple concepts that young children need to learn and knowing these will help with success at school. The Reading Eggs Concept eBooks provide a powerful tool to help children build these skills. As children read and re-read each eBook, they are building essential early reading skills, including learning new words and matching spoken words to print.
- Leveled eBooks – Children who are beginning their reading journey need eBooks that promote reading success. The best way to achieve this is to provide children with eBooks at their reading proficiency level. Reading Eggs Leveled eBooks provide a powerful tool to help children build their early reading skills. Children can read and re-read each Leveled eBook to improve their reading fluency and experience reading success. With 10 titles at each reading level (1 – 6), the Reading Eggs Leveled eBooks provide a wealth of titles for your young reader.
Readers can enjoy these illustrated books on Kobo devices such as the full-colour Kobo Arc 7HD Android tablet, or via free reading apps available for most popular tablets and smartphones.
"We're thrilled to be teaming up with Reading Eggs for this exclusive partnership" said Antonia Fowler, Merchandiser, Children's Books, Kobo "Like Kobo, Reading Eggs are leaders in their field-perfectionists, dedicated to doing one thing better than anyone else in the world, and we truly believe this is what makes them an ideal addition to our Kids' Store educational lineup."
"The Reading Eggs program not only helps children learn to read, it also develops positive attitudes about reading and learning. It makes perfect sense to us to be working with Kobo, who share our values about the importance of reading and the desire to encourage the next generation of readers," said Matthew Sandblom, CEO, Blake eLearning.
The Kobo's Kids Store, which offer nearly 100,000 titles, makes it easier to find the next great book for children and young adult Readers, with the latest bestselling series, Read Along books, and colourful picture-books. Kobo offers parents the ability to set up dedicated accounts for their kids so that they can safely explore within the Kobo eBookstore. Kobo gives parents the ability to set spending allowances for their kids, pre-select eBooks, and adjust search settings to keep their kids reading safely. Parents can also set reading goals for kids and track their progress with engaging reading stats – all features designed to make eReading an educational, fun, and friendly experience. The dedicated Kids' Store is currently available in North America and the UK.


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NEPAD SANBio Fish Node
The NEPAD Regional Fish Node (RFN) was established in 2006 at Bunda College through an application to the Steering Committee of the inter Government network of South African Network Biosciences Initiatives for Bioscience (SANBio) which falls under the NEPAD Science and Technology. The application was made through Malawi Government National Commission of Science and Technology (NSCT) which is part of the SANBio Steering Committee.
To use science, technology and innovative systems to build and strengthen a network of researchers, policy makers, and the private sector in enhancing fisheries, aquaculture production and conservation of fish biodiversity
To be a center of excellence for the coordinating and facilitating of the state of art of research and dissemination on fisheries and Aquaculture in Africa.
- To facilitate knowledge generation and dissemination, technology development and adoption for improved livelihood and increased incomes for fish farmers, fishers, fish processors and traders
- To enhance networking of researchers, policy makers and other stakeholders for increased and sustainable fish production in Africa
- To facilitate policy analysis and dialogue in fisheries and aquaculture for African countries
- To enhance quality of education and research in fisheries and aquaculture
- To enhance participation of women and youths in fisheries and aquaculture production and management
- BioFISA Fish Biodiversity project which is supported by the Finnish (MFA) and South African (DST) Governments through NEPAD SANBio Biosciences initiative
- Aquaculture Working Group (AWG)-Partnership for African Fisheries (PAF) funded by DFiD through the NEPAD PAF project
- African Fisheries Expert Network (Afri-FishNet) with initial funding from AWG and BioFISA Fish projects
- Community Action Research Program -- Enhancing fish production and marketing for food security and rural incomes of small-scale fish farmers in Malawi (funded by RUFORUM)
The BioFISA fish project aims at obtaining an understanding of the origins and maintenance of indigenous fish biodiversity in Southern Africa through scientific research.
The overall objective of the project is that, by 2015, information on fish biodiversity is readily available and used for decision making in at least five countries within the Southern African NEPAD Region.
The BioFISA fish project is a Finnish-South African Partnership Program whose aim is to strengthen the NEPAD/SANBio network initiatives.
Aquaculture Innovations in the Value Chain
Community Action Research Program (CARP) is implementing a Project "Enhancing Fish Production and Marketing for Food Security and Income of Small-scale Producers in Malawi", with an overall objective of increasing fish production from current level of 750kg/ha/yr to 1,500kg/ha/yr and rural incomes through application of aquaculture innovations in the value chain in Dowa and Mchinji Districts.
The project is working together with 68 fish farmers who own 80 ponds in total (30 in Dowa and 50 in Mchinji districts). As part of capacity building initiative, the project has 1 PhD and 2 Msc students who work together with the fish farmers.
PAF: The Aquaculture Working Group was set up in April 2011 within the Partnerships for African Fisheries (PAF) to provide strategic approaches to effective policy development and investment options for more positive performance of the aquaculture sector.
Afri-FishNet: It was launched in 2010 and aims at developing Africa's pool of experts as 'thinktank' in response to the need for increased skills in undertaking research and policy analysis as required by CAADP.
Contact Fish Node
Prof Emmanuel Kaunda (Coordinator)
NEPAD Regional FishNode
P.O. Box 219
Phone: +265 999 510 796/ +265 111 929 645

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Take the 2-minute tour ×
If I am trying to say "That problem that belongs to someone else," then what is the correct word to use in this sentence:
That is someone else's problem.
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Just a FYI, the spell checker that is missing the word is the one included with Firefox 6.0. – Scott Chamberlain Aug 31 '11 at 16:19
Putt knot yore tryst inn spill chequers. – Lunivore Aug 31 '11 at 16:30
4 Answers 4
up vote 11 down vote accepted
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As an impecunious teenager, I always used to say my preferred cigarette brand was SE. By far the cheapest! – FumbleFingers Aug 31 '11 at 17:29
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To say or write else's, or elses etc. is improper English. No matter how you look at it. However it is obviously considered to be accepted. Much like the word 'ain't'. Else's or elses' would be an equivalent'slang' usage of the word else. Rather than to say, "That is someone elses". The proper usage of the word would have to be phrased, "That belongs to someone else". No matter how accepted its usage is, no matter how many people know exactly what you mean when you use the slang form 'elses' or 'else's', it's simply incorrect. This is actually taught in grade school, say about 6th grade level. Of course I'm thirty now, so it could be being taught at an early grade. You can verify there is no such usage of the word else, other than as it is the word, else. Check with a New Websters Dictionary if you're ever in doubt. Most dictionary websites have plenty of broadly accepted slang words or slang usage of words. Websters dictionary is online as well. Here is the link _URL_
Simply visit that site and type 'else' in the search. If you understand what the word 'else' actually means, you'll find that it is one of those words that is very commonly miss-used, even without making it plural.
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Also, check out this question on the Saxon genitive and the top answer to it by an actual linguist. Thanks. – RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:49
protected by RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:50
Would you like to answer one of these unanswered questions instead?


text:
inner angle of a triangle in the 4th dimension
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg26324] inner angle of a triangle in the 4th dimension
- From: "Jacky Vaillancourt"
- Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 21:38:07 -0500 (EST)
- Sender: owner-wri-mathgroup at wolfram.com
Hi, i have a basic problem. I can't see my mistake can somebody help me?
Here's the problem:
I want to calculate each angle of the triangle formed by those three dots.
P:=(0,1,0,1), Q:=(3,2,-2,1), R:=(3,5,-1,3)
u:=PQ -> (3-0,2-1,-2-0,1-1) -> (3,1,-2,0)
v:=QR -> (3-3,5-2,-1-(-2),3-1) -> (0,3,1,2)
w:=PR -> (3-0,5-1,-1-0,3-1) -> (3,4,-1,2)
The formula to have the angle between tho vector is:
The formula to calculate the length is SQRT(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2)
So, the angle between u and v is:
ARCCOS(ABS(15)/(SQRT(14)*SQRT(30))) = 42.95 deg
the angle between v and w is:
ARCCOS(ABS(-15)/(SQRT(30)*SQRT(14)))= 42.95 deg
the angle between u and w is:
ARCCOS(ABS(-1)/(SQRT(30)*SQRT(14)))= 85.9 deg
Here's the problem 180-85.9-42.95-42.95= 8.2 deg
I'm missing 8.2 deg....
I hope you'll understand what i wrote, i'm not used to write in english...
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text:
Making an Informed Choice--Part 2
8/31/2011 8:58 AM
Part One listed factors to consider in order to make an informed decision about which building will provide you with the best long-term value and performance. This week we will look at steel strength and what it means as you evaluate your options.
Quality, thickness (gauge) and total amount of steel are a significant influence on the safety and longevity of a building. Some manufacturers will use a thin, 14 gauge steel for their trusses which allows excessive flexing and buckling under relatively low forces.
When comparing manufacturers, ask for the following information:
- Diameter of each of the chords in the truss
- Diameter of the webs in the truss
- Gauge of steel used in each
- Total weight of structural steel in the building
This data will allow you to accurately compare the facts affecting steel strength.
In the next post I will explain how snow shedding qualities affect the design and strength of a building.


text:
Theoretical Economics 7 (2012), 283–322
Contract, renegotiation, and hold up: Results on the technology of trade and investment
Kristy Buzard, Joel Watson
This paper examines a class of contractual relationships with specific investment, a non-durable trading opportunity, and renegotiation. Trade actions are modeled as individual and trade-action-based option contracts ("non-forcing contracts") are explored. The paper introduces the distinction between divided and unified investment and trade actions, and it shows the key role this distinction plays in determining whether efficient investment and trade can be achieved. Under a non-forcing dual-option contract, the party without the trade action is made residual claimant with regard to the investment action, which induces efficient investment in the divided case. The unified case is more problematic; here, efficiency is typically not attainable but the dual-option contract is still optimal in a wide class of settings. More generally, the paper shows that, with ex post renegotiation, constraining parties to use "forcing contracts" implies a strict reduction in the set of implementable value functions.
Keywords: Contract, renegotiation, hold up, forcing contracts, non-forcing contracts, specific investment, technology of trade, mechanism design
JEL classification: C70, D23
Full Text: PRINT VIEW


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Today, submersible deep well pumps are the most commonly used type of pump purpose of irrigation from groundwater sources. For these pumps, one of the major factors affecting the performance is the dynamic water level changing in wells. Changes of input water-speeds of pump are tracked according to water level in the well. Different types of vortex which is based on water movements may occur in entrance of the pump. The resulting vortex and types depend on submergence, well diameter and pump parameters such as flow rate, diameter, suction inlet-section and shape.
In this study, the test unit equipped for research purposes was used in a deep well. According to the dynamic water level of submersible pump, changes in pressure, flow rate and noise were automatically saved. Fuzzy logic controller as a method of intelligent control methods was applied in this study in order to determine the consisting of the vortex.
At the end, it is shown that the vortex in the well is automatically detected by depending on the value of submergence, pressure, flow rate and noise.
|Prepared by Akif Durdu, Nuri Orhan, Sedat Çalışır|


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Why do cougars scream?
Decoding Cougar Noises
When a female mountain lion screams, it signals nearby males that it's time to mate and make some babies.
Kevin Schafer/Getty Images
The cougar is the largest native cat in North America. Outside of zoos, you won't find any big cat species, such as lions, tigers, jaguars and leopards, roaming the countryside. Surprisingly, cougars are technically small cats, members of the same group as domesticated cats. Their size is comparable to leopards, with adult males weighing around 140 pounds (63.5 kilograms) and measuring 8 feet (2.4 meters) long from tail to nose [source: Federal Wildlife Service].
While these dimensions sound awfully large to be lumped into the same category as your pet kitty, biologists didn't flub the cougar classification. Cougars received the designation because of internal anatomy rather than external. Underneath a small cat's tongue is a bone called the solid hyoid. The solid hyoid attaches to the windpipe and larynx and helps produce the animal's vocalizations. Instead of solid hyoids, large cats have flexible cartilage that can vibrate in that oral space, allowing lions and other big cats to roar [source: Busch]. Small cats can meow, hiss and growl all day, but that solid hyoid prevents them from roaring like the MGM lion.
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As small cats with solid hyoids, cougars can't produce a deep roar, but females can out-scream a 2-year-old child who just discovered a heart-pounding fear of clowns at the circus. The cougar scream is a rare, high-pitched noise that rips through the wilderness air and causes hikers to freeze in place. Are those screams warning signs for us to get out of their territory? Like the wolf's howl, these cougar noises serve as forms of long-distance communication. Only females are known to make the screeching call, coinciding with their bodies' preparation for mating [source: Spalding] In human jargon, we'd call that scream a booty call.
For all those ladies out there who hate waiting by the phone for their hunk to call, look to the female cougars for inspiration. The dynamics of cougar mating is more progressive than you might expect from a deer-devouring feline. Female cougars reach sexual maturity at around 2 or 3 years old, giving birth to a litter every other year or so. Since male cougars roam their territories alone, females scream when they are in heat in order to let the males know where they are and that it's time to make some cougar babies.
Although female cougars may have to compete for a mate if their individual territories intersect, they still hold the power for when copulation occurs [source: Busch]. Until she's ready, the males must wait. But once the deed is done, the male cougars return to their solitary habits. The female will establish a den and stay with her offspring for around 15 months before the cubs set off on their own [source: Dewey and Shivaraju].
So if you happen to hear the chilling scream of a cougar in the distance, just think of it as mountain lion mood music -- and head in the opposite direction to avoid being attacked by a randy panther.
Related HowStuffWorks Articles

More Great Links

Sources

 - Busch, Robert H. "The Cougar Almanac." Globe Pequot. 2004. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_
 - "California Cougars." Bureau of Land Management. U.S. Department of the Interior. Updated April 26, 2007. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_
 - Dewey, Tanya and Shivaraju, Anupama. "Puma concolor." Animal Diversity Web. 2003. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_
 - "Eastern Cougar." U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. October 2005. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_
 - Glavin, Terry. "Cougar Attack!" Canadian Geographic. May/June 2004.
 - Kemper, Steve. "Cougars on the Move." Smithsonian Magazine. September 2006. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_
 - "Mammals: Mountain Lion (Puma, Cougar)." San Diego Zoo. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_
 - Spalding, D.J. "Cougar in British Columbia." British Columbia Fish and Wildlife Branch, Information and Education Section. (Aug. 19, 2008)_URL_


text:
The current City Hall building at 120 N. Duke St. certainly looks the part – it's an imposing, historic-looking building that just exudes importance.
But there's another City Hall building you can explore in Lancaster, and that one has even more history under its belt.
If you head to Penn Square, it's hard to miss the Lancaster Visitors Center, located on the opposite corner from the Marriott hotel.
It's a modest three-and-a-half-story brick building in the Federal style of architecture that was popular in the early days of the United States – from about 1780 to 1830.
That building, constructed between 1795 and 1797, was the former Lancaster City Hall.
Over the years, it also held a post office, a library, a Masonic lodge and – most impressively – the offices of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania when Lancaster was the capital of the state from 1799 to 1812.
In the early 20th century, the building fell into disrepair and needed to be restored in 1924.
Beginning in 1974, the building housed the Heritage Center Museum until it closed its doors in 2011, due to declining donations and the loss of state funding. Since then, it has served as the city's visitors center.
And what about the big building on Duke Street? You know, the one that serves as City Hall now?
Well, that building has a little story of its own.
Constructed in 1892 by Philadelphia architect James Windrim, the building served as Lancaster's post office from its opening until 1932, at which time it was redesigned and converted to the new City Hall.
That project was one of the first local examples of adaptive reuse, a concept common in downtown Lancaster today. And the redesign was led by one of the most famous names in Lancaster's architectural history – the ubiquitous C. Emlen Urban.
Sources: LNP archives, LancasterOnline, LancasterHistory.org


Ballast: The Tractor Tire Fluids Rundown
How Much Ballast Do I Need on my Tractor and Why?
tractor-tire-fluids
Since the day tractor manufacturers moved from steel wheel traction to tire on wheel configurations, farmers have added tractor tire fluids to their equipment to add traction weight, counterbalance and to lower their center of gravity to reduce the possibility of tipping. Years of trial and error has changed the material offerings and methods, but not by much.
Why You May Want Ballast
Do you have good tires but still have a hard time gaining traction on loose or wet surfaces? Adding downforce with tractor tire fluid can assist in gaining traction on slippery surfaces. Some 4×4 tractors have a high center of gravity thanks to their tall tires and axle clearance and adding ballast to your tires can help lower that center of gravity, an important consideration if you're operating on a grade.
Many of the best small farm tractors come with bucket loaders now, which are exceedingly useful around the farm and homestead. That's something you'll want to add to your list of farm tools and equipment when you're considering what tractor and machinery to purchase. Many people quickly find the maximum weight they can lift and for those of us who have been there, you know that unnerving feeling of your rear tires lifting off the ground, adding ballast to your rear tires, or aft of your rear axle, will help overcome this problem and make your tractor safer to operate. If you use the 3-point hitch of your tractor to pull implements like a plow, and you find it hard to steer or the implement's weight is pulling the nose of the tractor up, then loading the front tires will weigh your nose back down.
Why You May Not Want To Ballast Your Tires
Adding tractor tire fluids to tires can negatively impact your tractor's ride quality, especially when loading the rear tires, according to John Deere. In a Deere service recommendation sheet for tire loading, they suggest a preferred 40% volume fill for liquid ballast, but the long-standing tradition of tire loading is 75% fill, which is the maximum John Deere suggests. If you drive in high gear along roadways at or near top speed, the already harsh ride may get worse, but at low speeds, you are not likely to see a difference in the ride of your tractor. The old Oliver-White tractor we used to have on the farm came loaded with calcium chloride at 75%, and I felt no significant difference when we upgraded to our John Deere 5105 with no tire ballast, so I personally have no concern about affecting the "ride quality" of our tractor.
Since the day tractor manufacturers moved from steel wheel traction to tire on wheel configurations, farmers have added tractor tire fluid to their equipment to add traction weight, counter balance and to lower their center of gravity to reducing the possibility of tipping. Years of trial and error has changed the material offerings and methods, but not by much.
Tractors like this could especially use ballast due to their low curb weight
What Options Are Available
Farmers will always be a breed of their own, but rest assured they will find the cheapest and/or most rugged way to achieve something, and tractor tire fluids are no exception. Some common materials include water, calcium chloride, antifreeze, windshield washer fluid, beet juice and polyurethane foam.
Water
It's cheap and easy, but it freezes. This is a deal breaker for a lot of people since blocks of ice make it feel like you have a flat in your tread, and when ice expands it can push the tire off the rim. If you live in the deep south, then maybe you can get away with it, but here in New England, it's a big no-can-do.
Calcium Chloride
Calcium chloride is usually sold in a flake form. You mix it into water and the solution resists freezing down to around -50°F. Calcium chloride was the go-to fluid for ages, but it's notorious for rusting wheels into oblivion. Obtaining the raw material can be an affordable venture, but replacing the wheels down the road will not be, however, there are people who still use it because it can be cheap and the solution weighs around 40% more than plain water. I don't personally suggest calcium chloride, but it is an option.
Antifreeze
If I was to load the tires of our John Deere, I would likely use this method. Antifreeze is easy to come by, albeit not all that cheaply. Ethylene Glycol is toxic, so regardless of the cost savings over Propylene Glycol, I would not use it. It takes very little Ethylene Glycol to kill a dog and honestly, I love my dog too much to take that chance. On that note, Propylene Glycol will work for the application, is nontoxic and is commonly marketed as pet safe. Propylene Glycol is also used by veterinarians as a bypass sugar, administering it to ruminant animals such as cattle to perk them up. Automotive antifreeze resists freezing down to around -40F and adds no weight to the water you'll be adding it to (which is 8 pounds per gallon).
Windshield Washer Fluid
As I said, farmers will always find a cheaper, better or stronger way of doing things, and this is a perfect example. Automotive windshield wash fluid typically resists freezing down to -20°F, or -32°F for the winter blend, is easy to find and cheap to buy. Windshield washer fluid still only weighs 8 pounds per gallon, but hey, at least the insides of your tire and wheel will stay clean and streak free!
tractor-tire-fluid
Both windshield washer fluid and automotive antifreeze are easy to come by. Shop your local auto parts stores and gas stations for the best price.
Beet Juice
A fairly new product to the tractor tire fluid arena is a product sold under the name of Rim Guard. Rim Guard's main ingredient is beet juice of all things and boasts a lot of positive points. The real selling points of beet juice are; it's nontoxic, it's 30 percent heavier than water, it resists freezing down to -35°F and the real kicker is that it's noncorrosive, so it won't eat your wheels for dinner like calcium chloride will. But as with everything, there is a flip side to Rim Guard, and that's the price. Rim Guard can be a rather expensive product, especially if you're filling a large tire. If you can afford the expense, this may be your best option by far.
Polyurethane Foam
Foam filling your tractor tires is a viable proposal, but an expensive one with some aggravating downfalls. Foam filling weighs up to 50% more than water per volume and offers you a no-flat tire that is sure to affect the "ride quality" of your tractor. There are plenty of YouTube videos of homebrew DIY methods of foaming tires, but if you're serious about loading a tractor tire, I highly suggest going to a dealership and having it professionally done. You will have to cut the tire off the wheel or buy new wheels when you want to change tires, so be sure to foam new or almost new tires so you get the longest tread life. Foaming your tires also means you can not adjust tire pressures or tire footprint, but by the same token, you never have to check your tire pressure, so it's really a catch 22 situation.
Ballas Tractor Tire
Loading Your Tires
Support your axle to take the weight of the machine off the tires, deflate them and remove the valve core in the tire stem. There are plenty of devices and methods for loading tractor tire fluids, but the easiest would be using a filling device, a drum of fluid in the bucket of the tractor, a hose between the two and then raising the bucket, relying on gravity to do the work for you. If you want to fill to John Deere's recommended 40%, rotate the tire stem to the 4 o'clock or 8 o'clock position and fill to the stem. If you want to fill to the industry standard of 75%, place the stem at 12 o'clock and fill to the stem. Rim Guard has a handy tire size chart that shows you how many gallons to put in you tire, just remember that the chart shows the weight of their product so calculate whichever product you use based on pounds per gallon.
Do you use tractor tire fluids to add ballast? If so, what's your favorite fluid to use and why?
Anchor
Comments
 - This is one of the most complete articles I have found online regarding ballast for tractor tires. I have experience with 2 of the big ones – calcium and foam fill. As you said some of the others are simply not an option in the northeast. I just wanted to mention a couple things about polyurethane foam fill. First, you gain the maximum ballast weight possible because you fill 100% of the tire cavity. Second and probably most important is that you want to do your homework on the different grades of fill…it's not, "any polyurethane foam fill will work for any tire…they're all the same". There is a HUGE difference. For large farm tractor tires down to the smallest tedder tires, you want a soft soft with a durometer in the 8 – 15 range. You should be able to fold in half a "soft fill" sample (hockey puck size) in your palm. Anything harder then you are asking for trouble and premature equipment breakdown do the the rock hard fill and the constant vibration. Lastly, always demand a virgin


text:
Version Reviewed: 1.0
Graphics / Sound [rating:4/5]
Game Controls [rating:3/5]
Re-use / Replay Value [rating:2/5]
This is a game where you try to uncover hidden objects within a detailed on-screen image. The intro is a dramatic cartoon depiction of the teams facing off on this hidden expedition. After that, it's just a set of images with hidden objects, with some navigation screens to break up the action. The expedition up Everest is not of great significance, as it's a backdrop to your individual object seeking missions. It's a race against the computer controlled teams to locate listed objects that may or may not be well hidden.
It can be fun, but it can also get frustrating. You pan around a detailed scene and while some objects stand on their own, others are embedded within other objects. Some of the objects don't look anything like you would expect them to. You can get periodic hints when you get stumped, but I would find myself screen mashing to try to locate elusive objects. Once you find an object in a scene, you'll usually be able to find it in the same scene the next time you're placed in that location. The range of objects do vary, so it's doesn't become just a memory game. The game requires some concentration and should probably be played while stationary.
The game looks great, and from that standpoint is likely worth its purchase price. Once you get into it, the game can be a bit addictive. I couldn't see myself playing this for long periods of time. Based on the range of objects (some descriptions were difficult to define), I couldn't really identify the target audience.


text:
Definition of hysteria
n. - A nervous affection, occurring almost exclusively in women, in which the emotional and reflex excitability is exaggerated, and the will power correspondingly diminished, so that the patient loses control over the emotions, becomes the victim of imaginary sensations, and often falls into paroxism or fits. 2
The word "hysteria" uses 8 letters: A E H I R S T Y.
No direct anagrams for hysteria found in this word list.
All words formed from hysteria by changing one letter
Browse words starting with hysteria by next letter


text:
An investigation into paint ingredients found that limestone, a source of calcium, is
often a key ingredient in paint. Scientists theorize that Blue Jays are eating paint chips
for the calcium. Deborah Jasak and others found that offering eggshells, another good
source of calcium, stopped the paint-chipping behavior.
the Birdscope article was published, more reports came in, and new information
about the relationship between acidic soil and calcium availability in the northeast came
to light. An updated article, published in the January/February 2003 issue of Bird
Watcher's Digest, incorporates the new information and points out that Lab
scientists believe the Blue Jays are stashing away, or caching, calcium for spring.
Scientists theorize that the Blue Jays, especially in the northeast, may cache calcium
before the breeding season because naturally occurring calcium may be in short supply.
As snow covers the ground throughout much of the northeast during
the 2002-2003 winter, we are again hearing numerous reports of Blue Jays eating house
paint. If Blue Jays are chipping the paint on your house, consider offering them
eggshells. You can learn how to provide eggshells safely in our About Birds and Bird
Feeding Section (scroll down the What to Feed Birds
page to the section on grit).
You can learn more about calcium consumption in birds from research
conducted by the Lab in 1997 and 1998, as reported in BirdScope.
Learn more about the Lab's research on acid rain and it's effects on
breeding birds here.


Create, add conditions and optimize a transatlantic route – Part 1
The TIMEZERO software program provides all the resources for preparing and organizing your trips out to sea exactly as you like. The advanced features multiply the possibilities, all while providing more safety.
The Weather Routing module is an optional feature. The most direct route isn't necessarily the best route and that is why a feature such as the Weather Routing module is so interesting.
There are numerous factors that should be considered during the creation of a route, notably if you are planning a long trip that takes multiple days. While there is not a perfect way to create a route, there are a few tips that we will present in this article.
Context : Diego de Miguel, TIMEZERO Ambassador and head of the Sailing living lab project
The Sailing Living Lab is an innovative project and quite unique. The Acrobat is a real laboratory of the seas open to companies and institutions interested in new maritime technologies. The boat is capable of sailing in the most difficult and farthest flung zones of the planet. On-board, the captain Diego de Miguel, creator of the project and a sailor since he was 7 years old! The team is made up of engineers, reporters and scientists that together carry out tests, studies, research and discoveries.
After two years of navigating at sea in the Mediterranean, the project is taking another direction as a transatlantic crossing looms. Starting from the Canary Islands, they must travel to the Caribbean before travelling up the East Coast of the USA, carrying out studies.
To carry out the transatlantic voyage, our TIMEZERO Ambassador Diego de Miguel presents us with his strategy for such a trip. He depicts with precision, the features of the Weather Routing module available for TZ Navigator v3.
From downloading weather data to the creation of a route, discover the different steps for preparing a transatlantic voyage safely and efficiently with TIMEZERO, under the guidance from an experienced professional.
Step 1 : Create a route between the Canaries and Cape Verde
To create a route with TZ Navigator, you have to start by downloading the weather forecast data from the "Update" workspace. The first step is that you have to select the type of weather data that you want to get. In our case, we chose wind, waves and currents. For the number of days, we selected a duration of 7 days. Knowing that on average, you will need 5 days to cross the Atlantic. With an internet connection, the software extracts the files and integrates them automatically.
From there, we go to the "Planning" workspace to create the route. It's from the workspace that we can see the weather data displayed as a layer over the chart and we can see the evolution over time by using the time bar on the bottom of the screen.
The tool bar is located on the left side of the screen. You just need to select the tool "Launch Routing" to create the Weather Routing module feature with a departure point (the Canaries) and an arrival point (Cape Verde).
The software calculates the best itinerary based on the meteorological weather data that you downloaded and the unique features of your boats sail performance (polars). The boat polars should be pre-entered from the "Polars" workspace.
With TIMEZERO, you can access simply and directly the polar files in order to adjust them based on the state of the sea, the wind speed, and the different sails. The polars of your boat are provided by the boat manufacturer but TIMEZERO has a library of 150 different types of polars to choose from as well. You can then adjust the polar percentages in the software program to get the data as precise as possible which can change in function with unique factors that effect every boat (age, weight, modifications, etc.)
Watch the video which demonstrates using the Weather Routing module to sail from the Canary Islands to Cape Verde:
Step 2 : Create a route between the Canary Islands and the Caribbean using the Weather Routing module
In this simulation exercise, the Weather Routing we created was from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean. A crossing that takes multiple days, around 2 weeks give or take. The TIMEZERO software offers the ability to download up to 16 days of weather forecasts. To ensure that the route is reliable, the weather data has to be reliable. For the sake of simplicity, we are going to make the assumption that the weather data is reliable to the full extent of its duration. After all, this exercise is primarily about seeing the power of the algorithm within TIMEZERO.
Once the weather data has been downloaded from the "Update" workspace, we can draw a route between the Canary Islands and the Antilles. The software calculates and draws the optimal route. This time, the presented route is not what you might personally view as the correct way to go and this is because the software program might indicate that a heading to the west while you would personally have the notion to want to head south. The route will most likely have a zig-zag pattern. This is so as not to have the wind directly behind the boat otherwise it is too slow. You always need to angle against the wind.
Watch the video which demonstrates using the Weather Routing module to sail from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean:
In part 2, discover how to set conditions to the route you created. Furthermore, our TIMEZERO ambassador Diego de Miguel unveils how to optimize the download of your meteorological data, notably for a multiple day crossing on a budget.
If you want to find out more about the Weather Routing module available for TZ Navigator, go to our website:


A quantum Monte Carlo algorithm realizing an intrinsic relaxation
Tota Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Ito
研究成果: Article査読
12 被引用数 (Scopus)
抄録
We propose a new quantum Monte Carlo algorithm that realizes a relaxation intrinsic to an original quantum system. The Monte Carlo dynamics satisfies the dynamic scaling relation τ ∼ ξz and is independent of the Trotter number. The finiteness of the Trotter number appears as the finite-size effect. An infinite Trotter number version of the algorithm, which enables us to observe a true relaxation of the original system, is also formulated. The strategy of the algorithm is a compromise between a conventional worldline local flip and a modern cluster loop flip. It is a local flip in the real-space direction and is a cluster flip in the Trotter direction. The new algorithm is tested using the transverse-field Ising model in two dimensions. An accurate phase diagram is obtained.
本文言語English
ページ（範囲）2405-2408
ページ数4
ジャーナルjournal of the physical society of japan
72
10
DOI
出版ステータスPublished - 2003 10
外部発表はい
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - 物理学および天文学（全般）
フィンガープリント
「A quantum Monte Carlo algorithm realizing an intrinsic relaxation」の研究トピックを掘り下げます。これらがまとまってユニークなフィンガープリントを構成します。
引用スタイル


- Others
Best Five Loved ones Dice Games That Won't Price You A Cent!
What could be more affordable and less difficult for developing wonderful household relationships than a standard time playing games? No matter if it really is fortnightly, weekly or extra frequently, sitting around a table and playing games together is a positive fire way to promote wholesome and strong bonds in between household members. If only games did not price so a great deal!
It is astounding how lots of family members-friendly games you can play with only a handful of dice. Right here is my list of the best five loved ones dice games that won't expense you a cent! (If you never have them currently, you can invest in packs of five dice for only a couple of dollars.)
Fifty is an straightforward game for young children that can also assist them find out to count. Players take turns to throw two dice. If you throw a double a single, double two, double four or double 5, you score 5 points. Throwing a double six scores twenty 5 points, but a double 3 sets your score back to zero. Any other throw does not count. The very first player to attain fifty points, or far more, wins the game.
Knock Out is another simple game for young children. Every player chooses a knock-out number – either six, 7, eight, or 9. They then take turns to throw two dice and add the numbers. If the total equals their knock-out number, they are out of the game for the rest of the round. Tungsten D20 continues till only 1 player (the winner) is left. Everyone can then play an additional round, picking out a various knock-out number if they want.
Go Figure is a mathematical dice game using 3 dice. A player chooses a quantity between 1 and fifteen for the player on their left to function out out mathematically making use of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division with the 3 numbers to try to make their chosen number. For example, if they chose the number "eight" and their dice throw was 2, four and 6, they could have 4 + 6 – 2 = eight. If the throw was 1, 3 and 5 they could have 1 x three + 5 = 8. A player who succeeds scores 1 point. That player then chooses a quantity (1-15) for the player on their left to 'go figure'. Right after a number of rounds the player with the highest score is the winner.
Centennial is a race game for two to 8 players making use of three dice, a board and a counter for every player. The board consists of thirteen squares in a row, labelled Begin, 1, 2, three,…, 10, 11, 12. It could be made of cardboard and decorated nicely or just scribbled on a sheet of paper. Counters could be coins, matchsticks, and so on. as extended as every player can recognize their counter. All the counters are placed on the Start out square. The 1st player throws the three dice. If one particular of them is a "1" they place their counter on square 1. If there was a "two" (or two "1s", because 1 + 1 = 2) they could also move to square two, and so on. Throwing a "1", "two" and "3" would mean that the player could move up to square six (1, two, 3 naturally but 1 + 3 = 4, 2 + three = five and 1 + 2 + three = 6). Once a player reaches 12, they then move back down the board. The first player to get back to square 1 shouts "Centennial!" and wins the game.


text:
Orchard orioles mostly eat insects and spiders during the breeding season. Besides insects they will also eat fruit, especially during the non-breeding season. These orioles were attracted to fruit that was left in the trees at the South Padre Convention Center. Down in tropical areas of Central America, during the winter, the orchard oriole will eat nectar and pollen from flowers. While they feed at the flowers pollen often collects on their feathers and then drops off at the next flower that they visit. Thus they join butterflies and bees as important pollinators in the area.
Welcome to Tuesday Tweets! To join in the fun just post a photo of a bird and then link it by here by using the handy dandy link below. Then make sure you visit other sites to do a little bird watching.


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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin - Humboldt Graduate School
Career Day 2021
Our Career Day 2021 was the first in an online format. Although it was an experiment, it was a great success with around 200 participants.
Remember, "After Career Day is before Career Day".
See you in February 2022!
After the doctorate, countless career paths are open, but many doctoral candidates have little insight into potential professional fields. That's why we organize an annual career day for doctoral candidates, to which we invite numerous young people, most of them with doctorates, from very different professional fields. Within the framework of small discussion groups, doctoral candidates and young professionals can talk to each other: In what jobs do people with doctorates work? How did they manage to enter this field of work? To what extent was and is the doctorate helpful? What does every day work look like? This individual exchange is supplemented by selected expert lectures and information. This year, the Career Day will take place online.
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Why is nest protect so expensive?
There is a reason that a nest protect is more expensive. Is this true? This is due to the different types of sensors that the Nest Protect uses. Besides the carbon monoxide, heat, humidity, and occupancy sensors, it also houses a split-spectrum photoelectric sensor to detect a fire.
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The Ellenville Downtown Historic District in the Village of Ellenville in the town of Wawarsing, Ulster County, New York contains visible geographical and architectural elements that represent its origins as a commercial and industrial crossroads during Ulster County's early 19th century development. Associated with events that reflect a broad pattern of state and national history such as the early westward expansion and settlement, the economic development that followed major transportation improvements (the Delaware and Hudson Canal), the growth and diversification of commercial centers and the role of the summer resort economy in areas outside major American urban centers, the Ellenville Downtown Historic District developed around a nucleus that was already present in 1858. The district also encompasses the physical evidence of growth and development-from early Jewish settlement in the region to the heyday of the "Borscht Belt" resort area following the Second World War. Ellenville, located in the valley between the Shawangunk and Catskill Mountains, did not develop until after the Revolutionary War, as clashes between Native American Indians and early European settlers' limited development in the region. It was the construction of the D&H Canal, began in 1823, that spurred further transportation improvements and fostered significant settlement within the village---it is to this period that the earliest of the district's buildings date.
Read the full file on Ellenville Downtown Historic District.
To see more photographs of National Register properties go
to our photostream on Flickr.
See our Weekly List (with previous highlights)


text:
A field of yellow celandine flowers.
- a weedy plant (Chelidonium majus) of the poppy family, with deeply divided leaves and yellow flowers and juice
- a perennial plant (Ranunculus ficaria) of the buttercup family, with yellow flowers
Origin of celandineMiddle English and amp; Old French celidoine ; from Medieval Latin celidonia ; from Classical Latin chelidonia ; from Classical Greek chelidonion, swallowwort ; from chelidōn, a swallow ; from Indo-European echoic base an unverified form ghelfrom source yell
- A perennial Eurasian herb (Chelidonium majus) having deeply divided leaves, showy yellow flowers, and yellow-orange latex. Also called swallowwort.
- The lesser celandine.
Origin of celandineMiddle English celidoine, from Old French, from Medieval Latin celidōnia, from Latin chelīdonia, feminine of chelīdonium, from Greek khelīdonion, from khelīdōn, swallow (from the association by ancient writers of the blossoming of the plant with the return of the swallows in spring); see ghel-1 in Indo-European roots.
- Either of two unrelated flowering plants:
- The greater celandine
- The lesser celandine


Browse Dictionary by Letter
Dictionary Suite
slashing severe and merciless. [4 definitions]
slattern an unkempt, careless woman. [2 definitions]
slaughterhouse a building or establishment where animals are killed and butchered.
slave one who is owned by and forced to work for another with no pay or personal rights. [4 definitions]
slave driver an employer or supervisor who is very harsh or severe. [2 definitions]
slaveholder one who possesses slaves.
slaver1 to allow saliva to drip from the mouth; slobber; drool. [3 definitions]
slaver2 a slave trader or a ship used to transport slaves.
slavery the ownership of one or more persons by another or others; bondage. [4 definitions]
slave trade buying and selling human beings as slaves.
Slavic a branch of the Indo-European language family that includes languages of parts of Russia, eastern Europe, and south central Europe, such as Ukrainian, Polish, and Serbo-Croatian. [2 definitions]
slavish of, like, or befitting a slave; servile; submissive. [2 definitions]
slaw a salad of cabbage and dressing; coleslaw.
slay to kill or murder deliberately and usu. violently. [2 definitions]
sleazy base or disreputable. [2 definitions]


text:
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. the state of an atom having a particular oxidation number
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- n. the degree of oxidation of an atom or ion or molecule; for simple atoms or ions the oxidation number is equal to the ionic charge
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Sorry, no example sentences found.
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Jump to: navigation, search
This page is about the Automatic Activation Device for parachutes. For the tree family, see Cupressaceae. For the Mediterranean island, see Cyprus. For the law doctrine, see Cy-près doctrine.
CYPRES 2 Student panel
CYPRES is an acronym for Cybernetic Parachute Release System. It refers to a specific make and model of an automatic activation device (AAD), a device that automatically activate a parachute (typically as a reserve system for a skydiver) under certain circumstances. A CYPRES is designed to activate the reserve parachute at a preset altitude if the rate of descent is over a certain threshold. The manufacturer of the CYPRES is Airtec.
The CYPRES works by using a cutter to cut the reserve container closing loop. A spring-loaded pilot chute then leaves the container and breaks through the skydiver's slipstream to begin reserve deployment.[1]
The CYPRES comes in four different models: Expert, Student, Tandem and Speed. The basic operation of the units is the same; only the activation parameters are different, having been optimized for different types of skydiving.
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dense granular materials - statistical mechanics - vibrations - friction
Ahmed Elbanna's picture
Stick-slip instabilities in sheared granular flow: The role of friction and acoustic vibrations
We propose a theory of shear flow in dense granular materials. A key ingredient of the theory is an effective temperature that determines how the material responds to external driving forces such as shear stresses and vibrations. We show that, within our model, friction between grains produces stick-slip behavior at intermediate shear rates, even if the material is rate-strengthening at larger rates. In addition, externally generated acoustic vibrations alter the stick-slip amplitude, or suppress stick-slip altogether, depending on the pressure and shear rate.
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Logistic Functions Part 3
Logistic Functions Part 3
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1506 views, 1 rating - 00:20:09
Taught by TheMathDude
Check out _URL_ for more videos.
Be familiar with and recognize the algebraic form for a logistic model, including the corresponding parameters and if those parameters have any meaning in the context of the functional relationship (e.g. does a parameter control the initial value, rate of change (shape), decreasing or increasing (flip), max/min, limiting values, etc.).
 - Notes - Notes from this lesson.
 - How do you find unknown parameters of a logistic model given different kinds of information?
 - How can you use the Equation Solver to solve for a parameter in a logistic function?
 - If you are given two input/output pairs and an initial rate in a logistic model, how do you find the missing parameters?
 - How do you find a logistic regression using a TI graphing calculator?
This lesson does a few last practice problems for finding the values of parameters of a logistic model given different information. The Solver function on a TI graphing calculator is used again to solve for a parameter in the logistic function.
 - Currently 4.0/5 Stars.
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Justin Gaethje ● The Dominance of The Wrestler Base In MMA
Mindsmash is back with another intriguing analysis and question of why are wrestlers so dominant in MMA? Let's begin by taking a look at the players dominating in the sport. What is it about wrestling that makes it so powerful as an important discipline, when stringing together the rest of your arsenal? It's intent, as a sport and the philosophy it uses to execute that intent. So what is its intent?
"To Gain and Maintain a Superior Position"
This does two things. Using techniques to gain a superior position over the opponent. So that a fighter can hit you and you cannot hit them. With fighters like Tyron Woodley or Cody Garbrandt. Who can use their wrestling to keep the fight on the feet and away from the other fighters strengths. Which could, for instance, be Jiu Jitsu. That is why wrestling is so strong.
Wrestling is essentially a tool to inhibit the other opponent from using theirs, forcing you to play into their World. In MMA it may look a little different. But it's intent, its philosophy remains the same. Using explosiveness and technique to maintain a superior position over you.
Explosiveness is another key point we have to note. The explosive training regiment. Wrestling doesn't have as many techniques as Jiu Jitsu. Yet it is still very much a game of chess, a game of the mind. Mass times acceleration equals force. The faster you move your mass, the more force you will deliver.
Justin Gaethje is the newest athlete to sign with the UFC and he brings that same wrestling base with him. Gaethje was an NCCA division one All America wrestler. Who transitioning to MMA throughout college under the tutelage of Trevor Wittman. How will his skill set translate into the elite divisions of the UFC. With a fight of the year contender win over Michael Johnson, he's off to a great start. Let's deconstruct the overall philosophy they are using.


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Lilium parryi, Lemon Lily, Fact Sheet
Fig. 1. Photographs of two different lemon lilies with an unusually large number of buds / flowers, in bud (left) and in bloom (right). See Life cycle of a Lemon Lily in Pictures.
Click on the pictures for larger versions.
This page presents some basic facts about Lilium parryi, in a brief format, to keep this page at a manageable size. A companion page elaborates on some of the information, and gives sources.
Table of Contents
Similar Species at San Jacinto Mountain
Taxonomy and Phylogeny
Scientific Name origin: Described by Sereno Watson in the year 1877, published in Proc. Davenport Acad. of Nat. Sciences, Vol. ii, pp. 188-189, Davenport, Iowa 1880. Named for the collector, Charles Christopher Parry, a botanist with the Pacific Railway Survey.
Common Name origin: No common name was given in the original 1877 paper describing the species.
The first common name we have found in use for Lilium parryi was Parry's Lily, used first by John Lemmon in a letter to Sereno Watson on 6 August 1879: "In San Bernardino Co. I was fortunate in finding a secluded valley inhabited by Parry's Lily and I brought away 300 bulbs. Can you help me to sell them?" (Wynne Brown email to Dave Stith on 30 March 2019). It was subsequently used by H.M. Hall in his 1902 Botanical Survey of San Jacinto Mountain, and in use through 1922 in Addisonia: colored illustrations and popular descriptions of plants on page 49.
The common name of Lemon Lily was first used by Theodore Payne in 1916 in California wild flowers, their culture and care on page 15. It was also used in 1917 by P. Beveredige Kennedy in Annotated list of the wild flowers of California on page 31. Both sources say the flower is "lemon-yellow", so the color of the flower almost surely accounts for their choice of lemon lily as the common name.
Jepson used lemon lily in his 1922 Flora of California and his 1925 Manual of the Flowering Plants of California, so that undoubtedly was the death knell of the name Parry's lily.
We had previously also speculated that the name lemon lily might have come from a corruption of, or play on, the name of J.G. Lemmon, who made a voucher one month prior to that of Parry. But given that Lemmon himself used the name "Parry's Lily" two years after the lily was named, that origin is ruled out.
The name "lemon lily" is also sometimes used for Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, also known as "lemon daylily" and "yellow daylily". This is not just a theoretical confusion of the common names; it happened in one of the articles about the first lemon lily festival. See the differences between these two species.
Discovery locality: Boggy ground surrounding the house of J.G. and F.M. Ring at their mountain retreat near San Gorgonio Pass at 4000 feet elevation, where they grew potatoes.
Similar Species at San Jacinto Mountain
The most common species at San Jacinto Mountain that is sometimes mistaken as a lemon lily is the Humboldt lily, Lilium humboldtii. There is no problem in distinguishing these species when in bloom, since the flower of the Humboldt lily is yellow-orange with many spots, and pendent. However, vegetatively the plants are nearly identical, since both are true lilies. This is only a problem within Idyllwild proper, where they have been planted by some residents and sometimes have escaped into the creeks there. For some unknown reason, Humboldt lilies are not found naturally in the San Jacinto Mountains, even though they are quite widespread in southern California.
Sometimes Hooker's evening primrose, Oenothera elata, also abundant in Idyllwild and other San Jacinto Mountain locations, is mistaken for a lemon lily, since it is a tall plant with yellow flowers that grows in wet areas. However, it only has four petals, which form a flat, open flower, very different from our lemon lily with five petals in a trumpet form.
Geographic Range: Southern California: San Gabriel, San Bernardino, San Jacinto, Santa Rosa Mountains, and Palomar Mountain. Southeastern Arizona: Santa Rita, Huachuca, and Chiricahua Mountains (now presumed extirpated by fire). Mexico: extreme northern Sonora in the Sierra los Ajos. See large-scale map of the two disjunct populations.
Elevation Range: 4000 to 9550 feet. 4400 to 9550 feet at San Jacinto Mountain, with a single occurrence at 4400 feet (in the North Fork of the San Jacinto River at 5S09) and another at 4750 feet, and the rest above 5320 feet. The highest elevation plants are at the wet drainage on the Deer Springs Trail just south of the switchbacks up to Little Round Valley.
Habitat: Springs, seeps, wet meadows, and shady canyon bottoms along perennial streams, in areas protected from gophers.
Population: ~4000 plants in San Jacinto Mountains; ~3700 plants in the Huachuca Mountains; ~2,000(?) plants in San Bernardino Mountains; ~1300 plants in San Gabriel Mountains. Fewer than 100 plants in each of the other locations. (sources)
CNPS Rare Plant Rank 1B.2 = Rare or endangered in California and elsewhere; Fairly endangered in California.
California State Rank S3: Vulnerable.
Arizona Salvage Restricted.
Global Rank S3: Vulnerable.
USDA Forest Service Sensitive.
Not on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species List.
Major predators: Gophers eat the bulbs and deer eat the buds. Foliage is rarely consumed, probably by insects and possibly deer. Humans have nearly extirpated some populations by collecting the bulbs.
Threats to populations: Primarily human activities, such as bulb collectors, flower cutting, trampling, water diversion, grazing, introduction of exotic weeds, unnaturally frequent forest fires, development, logging and mining. If climate change reduces their available water, or causes more frequent fires, that will also have an impact.
Demographics: Although no one has ever done a longitudinal study to truly know the demographics of the population, we have enough data accumulated from the last eleven years that we now have a good idea of what constitutes a normal, healthy population or not.
A healthy population consists of about half plants too young to flower, and about half flowering plants. Of the flowering plants, about half produce just a single flower. The number of plants having increasingly-more flowers declines smoothly and rapidly; see Number of Flowers below. This decline is probably caused by mortality due to gophers, site changes, or bulb-splitting.
Because having seedlings present is highly correlated with having a number of young plants with a single bloom, it only requires one of those two observations to verify a healthy population.
The population in Candy's Creek was a healthy one from 2010 to 2019; its histogram of the number of plants with a given number of flowers, has remained the same in shape in surveys from 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2016. Baby plants making up about half the population have been observed in 2010 and 2019.
In contrast, the population in Skunk Cabbage Meadow, up to the Willow Creek Trail, is not a healthy population. Very few young plants have been observed there, and only 20% of the blooming plants have a single flower. Confirming this, the number of lilies along the Willow Creek Trail in this area, have declined with time, from about 40 plants in 2009 and 2010, to just 14 plants in 2020. Most of this decline occurred in 2012, when ten plants in just one spot were replaced with filled gopher holes. Gopher predation is probably quite normal here; the problem is that there has been little recruitment of new plants in the last decade.
The population in the burned portion of Willow Creek was a healthy population prior to the 2013 Mountain Fire, with about half the population consisting of young plants. After the Mountain Fire, the Creek was significantly affected by both erosion and choking amounts of sediment, and no young plants were observed in a 2018 survey of the upper part of the burned portion. It will be interesting to see how long it takes for this section to recover.
Alas, the population in Candy's Creek stopped being a healthy population in 2020 and 2021, when only 20% of the flowering plants had a single flower, instead of the expected ~50%. This is probably due to our changing climate, including the "megadrought" that began 20 years ago, the more erratic rain and snow, and global warming. Candy's Creek was completely dry in the 2021 survey, the first time in memory it has been completely dry in July. We have had a number of unusually-intense scouring storms at San Jacinto in the last decade, some of them also unusual in being warm rain storms, instead of the usual winter gentle snows. Three lemon lilies in Candy's Creek were lost sometime between 2011 and 2020 when erosion took away the stream bank in which they lived.
The demographics in the San Gabriel Mountains are similar. Mistretta and Parra-Szijj 1991 reported that they found "approximately 1275 total individuals" in their extensive 1990 survey there, with "677 (54%) of the total were individuals which were flowering or fruiting".
The demographics may be a bit different in Arizona, but the information is contradictory. One report was that in 1981, "60% of the observed plants in Arizona flowered and set fruit",


text:
THE BENEFITS OF SEA WATER
Every type of water you can imagine finds its way into our beauty routines at some point. You may not be making a conscious decision to incorporate different forms of water into your skincare regimen, but thermals, rose waters and others are ingredients in many of our face washes and sprays. That's because these waters are nutrient-rich and can ease some of our least favorite skin issues.
Did you notice that after all of those summer days at the beach and dips in the ocean your skin looked fantastic? That's not all the handy work of a bronzed face, it's the sea water that is giving you that even skin tone. Used in ancient times to naturally heal cuts and strengthen the immune system, the benefits of sea water have been most commonly associated with clear skin. Sea water is loaded with magnesium that helps your skin retain moisture and diminishes skin issues like acne and dermatitis. It can reduce joint and muscle inflammation, calm the body (bye, bye, stress), and pump your skin full of vitamins and minerals as well.
In France, they practice thalassotherapy, which uses sea water and marine botanicals in spa treatments to accomplish the body nourishments above. Luckily, a trip to France or daily ocean visits aren't necessary to enjoy the benefits. Now there are plenty of products made with sea water ingredients (like salt and botanicals) that not only give you those beach waves year round, but will also exfoliate, remove toxins, and leave your skin silky smooth.
Here are a just of few to add to your shower caddy before the season changes…
R to L: Shu Uemura Depsea Water Facial Mist, H20 Face Oasis Dual-Action Exfoliating Cleanser, Pacifica Sea Foam Complete Face Wash, Lush Ocean Salt Face and Body Scrub, AHAVA Dead Sea Mud Dermud Intensive Hand Cream.
- Shu Uemura Depsea Water Facial Mist – This facial mist comes in fragrance-free or an array of aromatic scents that can be used to refresh your skin and give you a mid-day boost without leaving you looking oily. Similar to the mist I recommended from Europe, it's your go-to product for quick hydration. The one above smells of sweet lavender.
- H20 Face Oasis Dual-Action Exfoliating Cleanser – H20 has done so many great things over the years. Here's looking at you 212 Carolina Herrera collabo! This cleanser is just another to add to their list. It invigorates, exfoliates, and brightens. And with the help of sea lettuce, it firms!
- Pacifica Sea Foam Complete Face Wash – This inexpensive foam cleanser is gentle on the skin and has a pleasant coconut smell. Pacifica is cruelty-free and this wash is sulfate-free. It seems to be a favorite for those with sensitive skin and a beauty budget.
- Lush Ocean Salt Face and Body Scrub – This scrub exfoliates the skin and clears pores, banishing blemishes and leaving your skin calm and balanced. The salt is mixed with avocado and coconut for hydrating oomph and soothing smell.
- AHAVA Dead Sea Mud Dermud Intensive Hand Cream – Our hands, like our face, show age first, so we want to take care of them. This rich, but grease-free, cream uses oils combined with ingredients from the Dead Sea will moisturize the driest of skin immediately. Come fall and winter, when the air begins to dry, this lotion will rid all of your dry skin woes. AHAVA has tons of other effective Dead Sea products with 5-star reviews!
Sara Dal Monte
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One thought on "THE BENEFITS OF SEA WATER"
I've just come back home from a beach holiday, although in the UK the water looks so murky I find it hard to believe its any good for my skin! It really does look awful and dirty, I wish we had lovely blue seas and sandy beaches! Saying that, I do love the LUSH sea salt scrub and Sea Foam face scrub, my skin always picks up when i use them 🙂


Girolamo Fracastoro, Italian physician
Girolamo Fracastoro, Italian physician
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Caption: Girolamo Fracastoro (_PHONE_), Italian physician and philosopher who proposed an early theory of the germ origin of disease. After lecturing in logic at Padua and then practising as a physician in Verona, Fracastoro spent his retirement in research. His major work, De Contagione (1546), gave the first logical explanation of the longknown facts that some diseases can be passed from person to person or by infected objects. He proposed that infection is due to tiny selfmultiplying bodies. Not widely accepted at the time, his ideas were vindicated by Pasteur and others in the 19th century. He also wrote one of the first texts on syphilis, & named the disease.
Keywords: de contagione, doctor, fracastoro, germ origin of disease, girolamo, history of medicine, italian, philosopher, physician, portraits, surname f, syphilis


save()); the default value is * added if the $entity object provides no explicit entry (actual values or * "the field is empty") for the field. * * The default value is expressed as a numerically indexed array of items, * each item being an array of key/value pairs matching the set of 'columns' * defined by the "field schema" for the field type, as exposed in * hook_field_schema(). If the number of items exceeds the cardinality of the * field, extraneous items will be ignored. * * This property is overlooked if the $default_value_function is non-empty. * * Example for a integer field: * @code * array( * array('value' => 1), * array('value' => 2), * ) * @endcode * * @var array */ public $default_value = array(); /** * The name of a callback function that returns default values. * * The function will be called with the following arguments: * - \Drupal\Core\Entity\ContentEntityInterface $entity * The entity being created. * - \Drupal\Core\Field\FieldDefinitionInterface $definition * The field definition. * It should return an array of default values, in the same format as the * $default_value property. * * This property takes precedence on the list of fixed values specified in the * $default_value property. * * @var string */ public $default_value_function = ''; /** * The field storage object. * * @var \Drupal\Core\Field\FieldStorageDefinitionInterface */ protected $fieldStorage; /** * The data definition of a field item. * * @var \Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinition */ protected $itemDefinition; /** * Flag indicating whether the bundle name can be renamed or not. * * @var bool */ protected $bundleRenameAllowed = FALSE; /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function id() { return $this->entity_type . '.' . $this->bundle . '.' . $this->field_name; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getName() { return $this->field_name; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getType() { return $this->field_type; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getTargetEntityTypeId() { return $this->entity_type; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function targetBundle() { return $this->bundle; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function calculateDependencies() { parent::calculateDependencies(); $bundle_entity_type_id = $this->entityManager()->getDefinition($this->entity_type)->getBundleEntityType(); if ($bundle_entity_type_id != 'bundle') { // If the target entity type uses entities to manage its bundles then // depend on the bundle entity. $bundle_entity = $this->entityManager()->getStorage($bundle_entity_type_id)->load($this->bundle); $this->addDependency('entity', $bundle_entity->getConfigDependencyName()); } return $this->dependencies; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function postCreate(EntityStorageInterface $storage) { parent::postCreate($storage); // If it was not present in the $values passed to create(), (e.g. for // programmatic creation), populate the denormalized field_type property // from the field storage, so that it gets saved in the config record. if (empty($this->field_type)) { $this->field_type = $this->getFieldStorageDefinition()->getType(); } } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function postSave(EntityStorageInterface $storage, $update = TRUE) { // Clear the cache. $this->entityManager()->clearCachedFieldDefinitions(); // Invalidate the render cache for all affected entities. $entity_type = $this->getFieldStorageDefinition()->getTargetEntityTypeId(); if ($this->entityManager()->hasHandler($entity_type, 'view_builder')) { $this->entityManager()->getViewBuilder($entity_type)->resetCache(); } } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getSettings() { return $this->settings + $this->getFieldStorageDefinition()->getSettings(); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getSetting($setting_name) { if (array_key_exists($setting_name, $this->settings)) { return $this->settings[$setting_name]; } else { return $this->getFieldStorageDefinition()->getSetting($setting_name); } } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function isTranslatable() { // A field can be enabled for translation only if translation is supported. return $this->translatable && $this->getFieldStorageDefinition()->isTranslatable(); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function setTranslatable($translatable) { $this->translatable = $translatable; return $this; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function setLabel($label) { $this->label = $label; return $this; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getLabel() { return $this->label(); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getDescription() { return $this->description; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function isRequired() { return $this->required; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getDefaultValue(ContentEntityInterface $entity) { // Allow custom default values function. if ($function = $this->default_value_function) { $value = call_user_func($function, $entity, $this); } else { $value = $this->default_value; } // Allow the field type to process default values. $field_item_list_class = $this->getClass(); return $field_item_list_class::processDefaultValue($value, $entity, $this); } /** * Implements the magic __sleep() method. * * Using the Serialize interface and serialize() / unserialize() methods * breaks entity forms in PHP 5.4. * @todo Investigate in _URL_ */ public function __sleep() { // Only serialize necessary properties, excluding those that can be // recalculated. $properties = get_object_vars($this); unset($properties['fieldStorage'], $properties['itemDefinition'], $properties['bundleRenameAllowed']); return array_keys($properties); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public static function createFromItemType($item_type) { // Forward to the field definition class for creating new data definitions // via the typed manager. return BaseFieldDefinition::createFromItemType($item_type); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public static function createFromDataType($type) { // Forward to the field definition class for creating new data definitions // via the typed manager. return BaseFieldDefinition::createFromDataType($type); } public function getDataType() { return 'list'; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function isList() { return TRUE; } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function getClass() { // Derive list class from the field type


text: Lassen Meadow Farms is 220 acres with approximately 160 acres of planted Chandler walnuts. The orchard was planted in 2021. Prior to the development, it was virgin ground composed primarily of Class I and Class II soils. Spacing is 27'x27'. The orchard was deep ripped 5+ feet, then disced, tri-planed, and sloped to allow for surface water to drain. A pond was developed to catch surface water, and is also tied into the irrigation system. The orchard was then planted in spring of 2021, comprised of 96% Chandler walnuts and 4% pollinizers on bareroot clonal Vlach rootstock. The irrigation system is new with the orchard. A 430 foot well with 16 steel casing has production that exceeds 3,200 gpm, and is powered by a new Tier 4 John Deere 375 hp diesel motor. Drip emitters currently provide irrigation water direct to the rootzone, and Nelson R-10 sprinklers are positioned in between every tree to provide full coverage. Currently the entire 160 acres is irrigated at the same time, however, the system is designed to run in several sets once full coverage is needed. A pond was also developed on the southwest corner of the property to provide a secondary irrigation source. It is situated to collect rainwater and direct surface waters from higher elevations.


Jacinda Townsend
2017 Hellman Fellow
Assistant Professor, English
UC Davis
Project Title: Kif: a Novel
Kif is told in the voices of an American who "adopts" a Moroccan child and
the young mother, escaped from Mauritanian slavery, who lost her. The novel was inspired by interviews with former slaves and anti-slavery activists in both Morocco and Mauritania. As a Hellman Fellow, Townsend will return to Morocco in order to spend time in Marrakech and points south, interviewing the sub-Saharan migrants who have escaped precarious situations to build new lives in the kingdom of Morocco.
Link to interview:


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Fix My Pix
Export Layers to File
A simple plug-in to Export layers (all or selective layers) to individual image files.
1. Can manipulate the layers in layer group
2. Can export texts, patterns and layer filters
3. Prefix name for the image files has to be given
4. Can export only in jpg, png, bmp formats but the required formats can be added easily
Batch Image Watermark Script
This post is a copy of my website post; Please see original blog post for any updates:
In short: This script allows you to add an image watermark to a directory of pictures!
Lets start (Linux users please adjust where necessary!)
Golden-ratio circle effect
acv2gimp: convert Photoshop curves to gimp format
It converts Photoshop curves files to Gimp format.
Example usage:
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text:
"Richtung" is a noun used in the prepositional meaning of a movement or view into a direction.
Unlike directional prepositions (nach etc.), it concentrates solely on the act of moving (viewing) and its special direction.
"Richtung" can be preceded by the prepositions "in" (with accusative, to name the destination of the movement) and "aus" (dative, to name the starting point of the movement) and
its article "die/der". It has to be followed by a name word, substantive or subordinate clause.
In the latter case, "Richtung" keeps its substantive character and must be preceded by its article.
If a substantive follows, the article of this can in some cases be omitted.
Some rules for the use of the preposition and article before "Richtung" and
the article before a following substantive.
1) If a name word or a substantive used in its general meaning follows, "Richtung" can only be preceded by "in/aus". "In" can be omitted.
Wir kamen aus Richtung München.
Er ging (in) Richtung Autobahn.
2) If the article (or a possesive pronoun) is used to point on a specific substantive, "Richtung"
must be preceded by "in/aus", and the article can be inserted. The following substantive has the genitive.
Wir liefen in (die) Richtung des Feuers.
3) if a subordinate clause follows, "Richtung" must be preceded by preposition and article.
Sie sah in die Richtung, aus der die Schreie kamen.
All verbs describing some movement/view of the acting subject or objects used by the subject can be used in connection with "Richtung", like
- gehen, laufen, wandern, kommen etc.
- blicken, schauen, sehen; zeigen
"Richtung" emphasizes the movement and its direction. It should not be used if end point of the movement should be integrated in the expression. In this case, "nach", "zu", "in" or other prepositions are the right choice.
Let me know if I should add/clarify things. Please criticize if something is incorrect.


text:
Universität Rostock, 2008
Abstract: A Hardware-in-the-Loop test bench for the investigation of rotary oscillation behaviour of automotive drive train components is presented. For emulation of the combustion engine two electric motors with different dynamic characteristics and quantity of torque are connected by a flexible torsion shaft. The additional degree of freedom allows summing up torque of both motors. The emulated rotation of the combustion engine is controlled by a hierarchical system of DSPs. The outgoing component shaft is torsionally flexible connected to an electric motor, which emulates the drive train of the car.
doctoral thesis free access


text: Movements such as the Arab Spring (as described by popular media) and recent regional conflicts have forced people to leave their homes and flee to other countries or regions. Syrian refugees are currently the second largest refugee group worldwide, with half of them resettled in Turkey. Turkish government and non-governmental civil organizations have mobilized efforts to address the immediate survival needs of these refugees such as food, shelter and other provisions. Despite efforts to manage the complexity of mental health and social service needs of forcibly displaced people, counseling services are still lacking. This expository article addresses the mental health needs of Syrian refugees and provides implications for counseling professionals working with displaced people from a crisis intervention approach built on principles and perspectives of humanistic mental health. In addition, programs of support, such as the Mental Health Facilitator program, are discussed.


text:
Costa Rica's market stalls are bursting with colorful fruits and vegetables of all kinds. With its fertile soil and pleasant climate, Costa Rica enjoys ideal conditions for growing produce. To learn where these delicious tropical fruits come from, you can visit a plantation, where some farmers welcome visitors to their estate, known as a finca, and share their expertise.
Discover Providencia's apple and avocado orchards, or treat yourself to delicious hearts of palm in Sarapiqui. Certain fincas even offer accommodations, so you can truly immerse yourself in the farmers' daily lives. The aromas of Costa Rica's coffee and chocolate stimulate the senses. Coffee bushes grow high on the green mountain slopes in the Orosi Valley, making it an ideal place to learn about the different stages of the coffee-making process—from harvesting the beans to roasting and tasting. You can also visit coffee plantations in Monteverde or the volcanic region located between Poas, Barva, and Irazu, framed by an exceptional backdrop.
Food-lovers take note: Costa Rica is also a cacao-producing country. In Sarapiqui, you'll learn that cacao beans grow inside shiny pods before being turned into chocolate. Don't miss a chance to taste the pulp around the beans, which is deliciously sweet. Once you've become an expert in everything chocolate, you can celebrate with a piping hot cup of cocoa.


text:
The Emigrant Register was established in 1989 as a service for genealogists
and the descendants of Finnish emigrants.The foundation of the Register was a
part of the Delaware 350 Anniversary, to commemorate the beginning of Finnish
Emigration to North America. Sources include passport records (from the year
1890 up to 1920), passenger records of the Finnish Steamship Company (from the
year 1892 up to 1950) and information on Finns deceased abroad (from 1918 up to
1950). The Register receives a large number of enquiries from
abroad as well as from Finland.


What Does A Blue Light Mean On A Ring Camera?
Understanding a ring camera is not complicated. Everything is explained well in the user guide and also on their website. If you want to know what does a blue light mean on a Ring camera, this is the article for you.
Blue light can mean several things depending on different states. When the light is blinking rapidly, it means one thing, and when the light is solid, it means another thing. The good news is you will get everything stated clearly in the user manual.
If you want to know more about the blue light on your Ring camera, make sure to read the entire article.
What Does A Blue Light Mean On A Ring Camera?
The blue light on your Ring camera means different things. So, it's important to understand the state of the light. This way, you can understand what it means. Ring explains the meaning of the blue light on its website.
Blue Light StateWhat It Means
LED turned off (no light)Camera is idle
Slowly blinkingSetup mode
Solid lightStarting up or recording
Blinking on and off and then stays turned on for about two secondsFirmware update
Slow pulsing lightTwo-way speaker enabled
Blinking for five secondsSetup completed
Blinks for five seconds before rebootingFactory restore
How To Fix Blue Light Issues
If your Ring camera is flushing the light out of the ordinary, you may need to fix it. There are several fixes you can try to get rid of the irregular blue light activities. Let's take a look at them.
Follow Proper Instructions
When you're setting up your Ring camera for the first time, make sure to follow the instructions provided by the user manual. The procedure may not be similar for all models. So, it's a smart thing to check the instructions for individual models.
In addition, whenever a blue light is flashing, pulsating, or blinking, check what it means. For most situations, there will be an explanation of what it means. Nonetheless, if you can't find what it means, move on to the other fixes.
Check The Internet
Your Ring camera is entirely dependent on Wi-Fi. If something is wrong with the internet connection, the light may not behave the way it is supposed to. Check the internet connection strength and make sure that your camera is getting an uninterrupted network.
If you are interested in it, you can check our article on do you need Internet for a Ring camera.
Restart Your Ring App
Sometimes when you set your Ring app from scratch, any issues with the camera get fixed. So, if you're experiencing unusual activities with your Ring camera, try reinstalling the Ring app.
You can also reset your device to see if it helps.
Check The Power Outlet
If there's no blue light at all, this can also be a sign of a problem. Check if the device is getting power. In case the outlet is faulty, it can also mess with the blue light. Sometimes when the power gets connected and disconnected over and over again, the blue light will not behave as it is supposed to.
It's easy to check if the power outlet is working fine or not. You can unplug the camera and connect something else to the outlet. If the device is not running without interruption, you may have to plug the Ring device into another outlet.
Contact Ring Support
The last thing you can do is to reach out to the brand itself. All devices are unique and can experience different types of issues. So, if nothing you do fixes the camera, the best option is to reach out to customer support.
The good news is, you will get prompt responses from the brand. In addition, they'll offer you specific solutions applicable to your Ring device. They can also help you with something that you don't understand.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. What does a red light mean on a Ring camera?
The red light of your Ring camera is an indicator of when something goes wrong. For instance, if the password is incorrect, you will notice the red light flashing. The same goes for when the setup fails. The red light also indicates that there is no internet connection available.
Q. How to get rid of the blue light on a Ring camera?
Many people are not comfortable with the blue and the red light occasionally turning on and off. It can be irritating to a lot of people. The good news is, if you don't want the light to bother you, there's a little hack you can use.
Take black tape and cut it into a very small square. The tape should be just large enough to cover the blue light. Because the surrounding area of the Ring camera is black, no one will be able to differentiate it.
It will help you get rid of the light. However, it's not recommended. The light is there to let you know what your device is doing. Covering it will only make it inconvenient for you to figure out what's going on.
Q. How to know what model of a Ring device I have?
The easiest way to find out is to use the user manual. If you don't have access to that, you can also use your Ring app to see what model you are currently using. Click on the three-dot button, tap on devices, go to device health, and then see device details. The name will be there.
Final Words
Hopefully, we've answered all your questions about what a blue light means on a Ring camera. If you're experiencing something you don't understand, the primary solution is to reach for the user manual.
When the manual fails to help you, you can try a few basic fixes, like resetting the device and the internet connection. In case none of them are working, you can always reach out to Ring customer support to solve the issue.
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