text:
When we apply a current to a trace, the trace heats up. It is possible to apply enough current to a trace that the temperature increases to the melting (fusing) point of the copper. We call this amount of current the fusing current. Recall from my previous article that heating is a point concept. That means when a trace melts, it will do so at the weakest (probably thinnest) point along the trace.
If we want to calculate the fusing current for a trace, there are few ways to do it (short of a computer simulation.) Sir William Henry Preece (consulting engineer and later engineer-in-chief for the British General Post Office) developed an equation during the 1880s that has now become known as Preece's Equation:
[Eq. 1] I = 12277 * A3/4
Later, I. M. Onderdonk developed a more complicated equation that introduces a variable for time:
Preece conducted his experiments in a laboratory. He assumed he had reached the fusing temperature when the wire under study began glowing. Onderdonk is believed to have derived his (her) equation, probably in the 1920s. The time frame for validity of Onderdonk's Equation is usually given as under 10 seconds, since this equation assumes there is no cooling effect. For a discussion of what is known about these two people and for references to possible source documents, see .
Consider two possible scenarios:
A. A large sudden current (significantly larger than the fusing current) is applied to a trace. We would expect the current to significantly overload the trace, increasing the temperature, and melting a point on the trace quickly.
B. A current just larger than the fusing current is applied to the trace. The temperature will rise more slowly, ultimately melting the trace at its weakest point.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate these two scenarios. Which figure do you think goes with which scenario ?
If we apply a sudden, very large current across a trace, the trace heats very quickly. The trace continues to heat until it melts at some point, which (of course) stops the current flow immediately. In one experiment, we applied a sudden current of 6 Amps across a 15 mil wide, 0.5 Oz. trace. The graph of temperature vs time is shown in Figure 3. The trace melted (fused) in 2.75 seconds.
The horizontal axis in the figure is time. The vertical axis is volts across the trace. Converting volts to temperature is problematic. What we know is the initial resistance across the trace, Rt0 , the initial temperature of the trace, the constant current through the trace, and, therefore, the initial voltage across the trace. We also know (we hope) the thermal coefficient of resistivity of the copper, α. Given these parameters, we can infer the temperature of the trace at any point in time by (first) measuring the voltage across the trace, estimating the trace resistance at temperature from Ohm's Law, and finally calculating:
The problems with this approach are at least three-fold:
Therefore, the temperature estimates shown on the graph are approximate (best guess) estimates.
The point of fusing for this type of situation is underwhelming. It is shown in Figure 1. The fusing time occurs within one video frame, or 1/30 second. There is no detectable smoke or damage to the board (other than the melted trace at a point).
If we apply a current to a trace that is approximately equal to the fusing current, the situation is quite different. On one of our test boards, we had a 20 mil wide, 1.5 Oz. thick trace. We applied 8.3 Amps of current to it. The temperature of the trace rose quickly to about 213 oC and then stabilized for over two hours. The next day we applied 8.5 Amps to the same trace. Figure 4 illustrates the pattern of temperature through time that resulted.
As before, the temperature rose quickly to about 214 oC. But then it continued to increase slowly. After about 30 minutes the temperature had increased to about 514 oC, at which point the temperature began rising quickly to the point where the trace melted. The entire process took about 30 minutes . Figure 2 is from a video of this illustration, at about the moment of fusing. There are several board material thermal parameters that are relevant here : Tg: Glass Transition Temperature; Td: Thermal Decomposition Temperature; and Delamination Temperature(s) and Times.
As the temperature of the board reaches each of these thresholds, the effectiveness of the cooling process diminishes, and the rate of heating of the board increases. The threshold points are not easy to identify in Figure 4, but it is not hard to imagine how the process is working.
This process can be impressive to watch. At about 15 minutes, the aroma of burning dielectric began to permeate the room. At about 20 minutes the board began to smoke. At about 25 minutes smoke was exiting out from under the trace at several points, and at some of those points the ejection of the smoke was under some considerable pressure. Finally, a point along the trace erupted in flame as the trace melted. At that point, the circuit opened and the current flow stopped. There was obviously considerable damage done to the board along the trace where the overheating occurred.
(Aside: The melting process itself make take several forms. The trace may vaporize relatively quickly, breaking the circuit. The trace may melt, but the melted copper remains in place, allowing the current to continue flowing for some indeterminate time. Or, the trace may melt, and the melted copper floats away (perhaps through gravity) breaking the circuit.)
An interesting question is whether we can predict this fusing time. In the significant overload case (Figures 1 and 3), the answer is a qualified yes. Onderdonk's Equation assumes there is no cooling process. References suggest that the equation applies for cases under about 10 seconds. But there is evidence that Onderdonk was concerned with (power transmission) wires suspended in the air. Traces on a board will cool much more quickly and efficiently. Our studies suggest that Onderdonk's Equation will apply on a circuit board for up to 1.0 to 1.5 seconds. There are approximations we can apply to extend this time to perhaps up to 4.0 seconds .


text:
Step 1a: Outlook 2010 - Click the File Tab, click Open, click Import.
Step 1b: Outlook 2007 - On the File menu, click Import and Export.
Step 2: 2. Click Export to a file, and then click Next.
Step 3: In the list, click Personal Folder File (.pst), and then click Next.
Step 4: 4. Click the folder that contains the messages you want to back up. If the folder contains a subfolder that you want to include, select the Include Subfolders check box, and then click Next.
Note: if you want to export the entire mailbox, make sure you select "Mailbox – Your Name" for 2007 or Your email address for Outlook 2010 and make sure Include subfolders is selected.
Step 5: Under Save exported file as, click Browse, and then specify a name and location for your backup file, for example, Mail Backup.
If you back up a.pst file that you have backed up to before, click one of the following:
Step 1a: Outlook 2011 - On the File menu, click Export.
Step 2: Select your export options.
Step 3: Select the option "No, do not delete items"
Step 4: 4. Type a name that is suitable for the backup file in the Save As: box, and select a location where you can easily find your exported file.
Step 5: 5. You're all done. Click the Done button to complete the export process.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Health Information Management and Systems Society opened the HIMSS Innovation Center today as part of the Global Center for Health Innovation, in downtown Cleveland. The 30,000-square-foot Innovation Center includes a Health IT Simulation Center testing health IT interoperability, and a Healthcare Technology Showcase demonstrating the value of IT and information exchange to patient care, clinician and patient satisfaction, population health, and the bottom line.
"The HIMSS Innovation Center is a milestone in our mission to improve health through the best use of information technology," according to Carla Smith, executive vice president of HIMSS, in a prepared statement. "As a permanent facility capable of hosting virtual and in-person experiences, clinicians, health professionals, consumers, and policy-makers can see how the secure and appropriate exchange of health information improves the outcomes, safety, cost-effectiveness, and access to care. It is an interactive setting where, with our collaborators, HIMSS enables testing of interoperable IT products, and provides knowledge and firsthand demonstrations of the value of health IT for patient care."
The Health IT Simulation Center is a multi-care environment populated with simulated patient demographic, clinical and financial data. Members of the health and healthcare communities can interact in real-time to scenarios that elicit a specific product's interoperability and other capabilities to improve quality and patient outcomes, cost-effective care coordination, secure data exchange and better business performance. The Healthcare Technology Showcase includes exhibitions on information exchange, mobile health, and consumer-driven health.
Get the latest information on Health IT and attend other valuable sessions at this two-day Summit providing healthcare leaders with educational content, insightful debate and dialogue on the future of healthcare and technology.


text:
South Seattle Community College Students: My courses are online using CANVAS and not Angel.
How to get to class:
Username=Student Identification Number (SID)
Password =1st 6 letters of last name (lowercase - ignore punctuation and spaces)
ex 1: Jill Who-Needsit = whonee
ex 2: Sam Jameson = jameso
ex 3: Mildred Sing Song = singso
ex 4: Cho Du = dududu (please note that we repeat the last name to create 6 digits)


AJOR Vol.10 No.2, March 2020
A Study in Multistage Decision Making for Odisha State Avionic Infrastructure Development
Abstract: Multistage decision making is either under certainty or uncertainty data conditions. Expected monetary values' perfect information and monetary loss or gain at each stage of decision making are the research topics of a constrained decision making under risk. In the multistage decision making process, one stage's decision interferes with the subsequent stage's decision. In this paper, a simple study on decision making for creating Avionic infrastructure within the Odisha region is emphasized by using the mathematical logic tool on a case study problem. In this case study, the first stage D1 has two options, either construct or not construct new airports with utilizing the budgeted allot money. Each option's outcome probability, conditional value and expected outcome value are determined by applying arithmetic and logical calculations to next two stages D2 and D3. The expected value and percentage of returns are mentioned in the decision trees designed in Section 3. The nodes of the decision tree are stages or chance nodes and the arc lines' labels are mentioned from the appropriate expressions written in the decision tree and chance nodes table mentioned in Section 4.
1. Introduction
Multistage decision making within multiple options and action plans is a study in the Operational Research using optimization techniques. The corporal or government administrations also use this type of decision making procedure before investing funds and resources in their ministerial task forces. The Indian state Odisha is rich with technically educated manpower, minerals like Iron, Aluminum, metallurgy industries, electrical power plant coal and water resources and the central and Odisha state governing institutions have recently initiated to expand the avionic industry infrastructure in the uniformly distributed urban regions in Odisha state.
Adequate energy resource full-filled states within the nation India are some ways depending on avionic fleet and crew sources of the central government administration for quick transportation of their state passengers and materials. The transportation ministry, civil aviation ministry and industry ministry are looking and extending the similar aviation facilities for people of Odisha state to utilize their available natural resources and planning to draw requisite mineral resources for fulfilling the need of Odisha state aviation infrastructure establishment. There are some Indian states, having neither Aluminum nor Iron minerals but have a number of airports and infrastructures for oil refineries and developing their state industries with the imported electronics and electrical instruments from abroad. However, the mentioned resource full state Odisha has to develop its state industries utilizing the imported electronics instruments through its two national airports and five domestic airports under construction by the engineering institutions in Odisha for providing facilities to carry on business with low cost and quick airways transportation of materials.
In the research paper [1], the authors published a proposed planning to expand airways transportation facility within Odisha state airports and bring the notice of Odisha administration for constructing necessary infrastructure to maintain the newly built airports for multipurpose use. In the research paper [2], the authors studied the necessary infrastructure establishment modernization at Indian airports for facilitating aircraft component assembly and manufacturing at the existing and to be constructed new airports. The newly built airports in Odisha will not only provide facility to passengers and trainee engineers with low cost quick transportation facilities such as importing materials and support industrial tour to trainee engineers, also support the service aircraft components manufacture engineering workshop facility to assemble and fabricate the aircraft structures within Odisha for the services of the nation. In the research paper [3] the authors studied the linear program problem concerning aircraft, airport and crew schedule for low cost transportation. The background for such a study is the railways, and roadways maintenance materials are costly than the maintenance of aircraft and airports. The present days' administration should realize this truth and make necessary decision to invest a proportional quantity of energy resource for the escaping from acute shortage of locomotive vehicle resource energy.
In the present paper, we emphasize a logical calculation in the form of case study to convince the Odisha Avionic developers (OAD) should invest quantity of money as value of processing Aluminum, alloy metallic engines, Rubber tube tires and polymers for the manufacture and assemble the aircraft parts at the location of existing Odisha airports and the new airports construction site within Odisha.
2. Case Study
Odisha Avionic developer (OAD) considering whether to conduct a sequence of action plans during the maintenance construction of newly built airports in Odisha to enhance Odisha avionic infrastructure development. All the action plans are mentioned in the communicated email to the secretary government of Odisha. In this paper, a few action plans are discussed. If the OAD construct and execute all related action plans, its value would be $600 million with 65% chances of growth. They can construct two new airports one at Dhamara and another at Rasgovindpur for develop exiting Odisha state airports and balance the atmospheric air pressure and air humidity temperature climatic environment. The probability of success in the state infrastructure growth and expected returns are mentioned in Table 1.
Table 1. Odisha airports initial data.
If the OAD does construct new airports, they can use the $600 million to modernize the existing avionic fleet operation. This would result in a return of either 5% or 8% percent on the sum invested with probabilities 0.45 and 0.55. This action of OAD also provides employment to 10% engineers in the state. Assume that all costs and revenue have been discounted to their present values. The following decision tree (Figure 1) is constructed for solving the problem by analyzing courses of actions. By applying an appropriate decision criterion recommend the OAD should go in for the construct new airports at Dhamara, and Rasgovindpur.
Figure 1. The decision tree.
3. The Decision Tree Description
In the above designed decision tree, the node D1 is a decision stage that has two options either construct or not construct. Not constructed option line is connected to chance node 1. The chance node 2 has two outcomes. The chance node 1, outcome indicates expected value 5% return with probability 0.45% and the other outcome indicates 8% with probability 0.55% return.
The airport construction decision option or the chance node 2 implies two options namely success and failure. The success option arc connects to node stage D2 and failure labeled option arc connects to node stage D3. The D2 stage has two chance nodes 3 and 4. The arc connecting stage D2 to chance node 3, labeled as new airport construction and its success is 0.75% and failure is 0.25%.
The arc connecting node stage D2 to node 4 is labeled as develop existing infrastructure and its success probability is 0.85% and failure probability is 0.15%.
The decision stage D3 connects chance node 5 with the label modernize. It has two outcomes, one outcome is 5% return after investment and probability is 0.45%. The other outcome is 8% and probability is 0.55%.
The decision data is summarized and mentioned in following Table 2.
4. Inference
1) If new airports are to be constructed the expected value is 650 million dolTable 2. Evaluation of OAD Decision tree and chance nodes.
lars and the existing Avionic fleet is to be developed, the expected value is 647.5 million dollars. Total value is 1297.5 million dollars and success probability is 0.65% the updated expected value is 857.340 million dollars. If invested value is 600 million dollar is to be subtracted, the net expected value is 257.34 million dollars.
2) If only existing avionic fleet is to be developed and new airport is to be constructed the invested 600 million dollars will be subtracted from 647.5 million dollars which will yield 47.5 million dollar if the success is 100%.
3) The Existing avionic fleet development is only possible if the aircrafts are manufactured within the state airports with utilizing state engineering manpower and mineral resources. It is possible to build new airports and expand existing airport infrastructure establishment and machine workshops. So new airports with modernizing equipment facility can develop avionic fleet.
5. Conclusion
The quantity of dollars mentioned in the case study is a virtual quantity. But the Odisha state industries transacting minerals and resources concerned to manufacture industry products such as Iron, Aluminum, Cuppers wires, rubber tires, alloy metallic engines and in these mater's manufacturing phase, processed petrochemicals are valued real millions of dollar invested in each year. The mineral query such as Iron ore, Bauxite ore and Coal mine operating robots, ore transporter trucks operating from query site to plant site, product minerals from plant to warehouse site, are consuming 60% of net petroleum, diesel and kerosene quantity imported from abroad seaports to state Odisha. The remaining 40% of imported refined petrochemical to Odisha Indian Oil stores are utilized in other domestic industries and agriculture food process purposes. If two airports one at Dhamara and other at Rasgovindpur in Odisha are to be constructed, it will consume at most 0.01% of imported petrochemicals during the construction phase and completion after aircraft operational phase. The 80% of imported mineral oil to Odisha are utilized in metal extraction and the industry product maters transportation, and 80% of industry products are not used in the service or building infrastructure within Odisha.
Cite this paper: Das, L. and Mallick, C. (2020) A Study in Multistage Decision Making for Odisha State Avionic Infrastructure Development. American Journal of Operations Research, 10, 25-30. doi: 10.4236/ajor.2020.102


text:
What is the Narcolepsy (HLA-DQB1*06:02) Genotyping Test?
The Narcolepsy (HLA-DQB1*06:02) Genotyping test will conclusively determine whether you carry the HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele which is associated with an increased lifetime risk of developing narcolepsy.
DNA Narcolepsy Test
Determine if your genes increase your risk of narcolepsy.
Web apps are available to users who have taken the test.
Already took the test? Sign in to access your results.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


When asset owners sell assets to charities for less than their fair value, that is
called a bargain sale to charity, and everyone can win. The charity wins because
they receive the excess value, and the donor wins because they receive some
payment and a deduction. The payment they receive usually gets preferred tax
treatment as a capital gain, and the charitable gift from the excess of the fair
market value over the selling price is deductible as an itemized deduction.
Another variation of the bargain sale occurs when an individual transfers debtencumbered property to a charity. The debt that is assumed by the charity is treated
as a payment, so like a traditional bargain sale, this is a part-sale/part-gift,
generally resulting in capital gains and a charitable contribution deduction to the
Both of these methods can be an excellent way to get assets to a charity and
favorable tax treatment to the donor.
For example, suppose that a property owner purchased land for $10,000. It is now
worth $100,000. He agrees to sell the land to the charity for $40,000. The property
owner has a capital gain (which is taxed at lower rates) of $30,000 ($40,000 selling
price less $10,000 tax cost). The transferor also has a charitable contribution of
$60,000 (fair value of $100,000 less selling price of $40,000).


text:
RotoTank™ offer an excellent solution to increase the efficiency of your Septic Tank.
Why is a French Drain Soakaway tank used?
A soak away tank, also known as an infiltration tank, is an underground tank used to manage rainwater and wastewater runoff from buildings and septic tanks. The primary function of a soak away tank is to allow rainwater or wastewater to percolate slowly through the surrounding soil, where natural biological and chemical processes help to break down and remove pollutants before the water reaches the groundwater table.
RotoTank™ Soak away tanks are commonly used in areas where there is no access to a public sewer system, or where the available sewage infrastructure is not able to cope with the volume of wastewater generated by the local population. They are also used to manage stormwater runoff, from roofs and walkways and heavy water flow on driveways.
The size of your soak away tank depends on factors such as the soil type, the size of the catchment area, and the expected volume of water to be managed. The tank is usually used to bypass the septic tank, for bath and shower water as well as washing machines and dishwashers.
Water flows into the main body of the tank, where it builds up to the height of the perforated pipes, at this stage it starts to slowly seep down the pipes and release into your surrounding soils.
Overall, the function of a RotoTank™ Soak away tank is to provide a sustainable and cost-effective solution for managing wastewater and stormwater runoff, while minimizing the risk of environmental contamination and protecting public health.
Installing an efficient French drain/soak away system is imperative as it can prevent septic tank failures.


text:
Table of contentsNo headers
Toposurface subregions are areas that you sketch inside existing toposurfaces. For example, you can use subregions to draw parking lots on a graded surface, roads, or islands. Creating a subregion does not result in separate surfaces. It merely defines an area of the surface where you can apply a different set of properties, such as material.
To create a subregion
- Open a site plan that displays a toposurface.
- Click Site tabModel Site panel (Subregion).
Revit LT enters sketch mode.
- Click (Pick Lines) or use other sketch tools to create a subregion on the toposurface.
To modify subregion boundaries
- Select the subregion.
- Click Modify | Topography tab Subregion panel (Edit Boundary).
- Click (Pick Lines) or use other sketch tools to modify the subregion on the toposurface.
The following image shows a toposurface that has a subregion, shown in gray.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
It seems like we can find almost everything we need through Google Maps — even the best place to put a new wind farm or a solar power plant. Renewable energy prospectors can now assess potential sites with the click of a mouse using 3TIER's high-resolution maps of the earth's solar radiation, wind speeds and hydro power capacities. The company showed off its new seamless, high-resolution solar map of the western hemisphere this week at the International Solar Power conference.
3TIER is working on mapping the entire world with its "REmapping the World" initiative which it hopes will help developing countries assess their renewable energy resources and "leap frog" past fossil fuels. Many of the places that need renewable energy the most don't have the resources to synthesize millions of satellite photos. 3TIER offers a free look on their web site for consumers and sells comprehensive, custom full site analysis reports, complete with GIS data layers to energy developers.
3TIER says its new solar maps offers three times the resolution of existing industry standards. And while you might have thought sunlight just beams straight down, 3TIER's solar map displays information on global horizontal irradiation, direct normal irradiation and diffuse irradiation so you can tell how much radiation might actually power your panels. The wind energy map also provides a huge amount of detail and clicking through the wind velocity at elevations of 20, 50 and 80 meters quickly illustrates that higher speed winds are higher up in the atmosphere.
Founded in 1999, 3TIER displays its data using Google Maps, which makes us wonder: What if Google were to acquire 3TIER? It could be a perfect fit. Google.org has made investments in solar and wind energy companies which could certainly make use of high-resolution energy maps. 3TIER's maps could perfectly compliment Google's recent grant to Southern Methodist University Geothermal Laboratory to update a very similar geothermal energy map. And Google Earth has been adding layers of data about renewable energy for quite some time now. But then again, we're still waiting for Google to acquire the Earth2Tech portfolio of green maps.
Images courtesy of 3TIER.


First year
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First year or freshman, is a term often used to describe a student's status during their first year at an educational institution. It can also be used as a noun, to describe the students themselves (e.g. They are first years).
New Zealand
The term first year is used within New Zealand universities, primarily to describe students in their first year of tertiary education direct from secondary school.
United States
Freshmen is commonly in use as a US English idiomatic term to describe a beginner or novice, a first effort, instance, or a student in the first year of study (generally referring to high school or university study).
New members of Congress in their first term are referred to as freshman senators or freshmen congressmen to suggest their lack of experience at their new position, no matter how experienced they were in previous business or government positions.
In a four-year education setting, students are typically classified as freshmen (first years), sophomores (second years), juniors (third years), and senior (fourth years), corresponding to their year of study. Beyond the fourth year, students are simply classified as fifth years, sixth years, etc. Some institutions use the term freshman for specific reporting purposes.
United Kingdom
At universities in the United Kingdom the term "fresher" is often used to describe new students who are just beginning...
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Difference between revisions of "Robotic Snake"
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[[Image:DSCN0225.JPG|left|thumb|200px|Figure 1: Motor Segment for Robotic Snake]]
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==Description==

==Description==

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==Parts==

==Parts==
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There are approximately 15 distinct parts which are repeated multiple times throughout the entire assembly.

==Photos==
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Latest revision as of 12:11, 14 August 2006
Figure 1: Motor Segment for Robotic Snake
Description
Designed by Drexel Electrical Engineer for possible search and rescue operations. Consists of two sets of segments which alternate between motors and feet. First version.
Parts
There are approximately 15 distinct parts which are repeated multiple times throughout the entire assembly.


A chassis is a physical package that encloses other elements; in this case, the enclosed elements are the Celerra Data Movers and Control Station.
NASChassis is instantiated for each Celerra Network Server (NASChassis object) found during the discovery process.
The NASChassis is related to the FileServer and Host objects through the PackagesSystems relationship. The NASChassis is also related to remote Control Station Host objects through the ConnectedTo relationship. The ConnectedTo relationship reflects inter-Celerra device communication.


Corporate Philosophy
Corporate PhilosophyJapanese English
Create healthy future with Earth
Catch copy
We open new medical frontiers with open technologies.
Origin of Corporate Name
The word "Cure" used in our corporate name "Cure Code Corp." means "healing". It is also a medical-related word and we define this word as a meaning of "helping someone, extending a helping hand to someone, offering someone a word" in more broad interpretation.
The word "Code" originates from "source code" of softwares. We adopted "Code" as a word encompassing everything associated with IT including information system, open source, data, network.
The word "Cure" is also a pun on the word "secure", and the word "Code" also means "cipher". We would like to be a true expert in the information security, which is indispensable for medical fields, and be a privacy conscious company.
Cure Code Corp. aims for building a society that gives everyone access to his or her own health data.
About Our Logo
logo mark
The logo of Cure Code Corp. was designed to represent the origin of the corporate name.
"Cure", meaning "healing", is expressed in the shape of a heart and the shape of a person offering a word. "Code", meaning "IT", is expressed in the combination of a heart, circle and triangle. And also the person's shape is used to resemble a keyhole to express "security".
Furthermore, the logo is designed to look like emitting the sound of "CC", our corporate name initials, to represent that a person is transmitting information from inside the heart to outside.
About Our Corporate Color
Our corporate color is orange.
Orange color represents energy, passion and freshness. We selected this color with the desire that our corporate members are energetic both physically and mentally with a constant passion to pursue something new.
The tone of this orange color provides a relatively easy-to-see contrast especially for visually impaired people.


text:
The 8th KAGRA
- July 7 - 9, 2021
- Online Workshop
KIW8 in 2021
Toward the Fourth Observing Run of the Detector Network: from Physics to Astronomy
The 8th KAGRA International Workshop (KIW8) will be held during July 7-9, 2021.
This workshop is hosted by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI).
KASI is a nationally funded institute for research in astronomy, astrophysics and space sciences.
KIW8 is a continuation of the efforts to promote more active international collaboration on KAGRA, and is open to all scientists who are interested in contributing to the KAGRA project.
This is the third KIW hosted by Korean gravitational wave community, after KIW1 in 2016 at KISTI, Daejeon, and KIW4 in 2018 at Ewha Womans University in Seoul.
Because of the COVID-19, this workshop will be fully held on-line.
The COVID-19 certainly slowed down overall scientific activities, but significant progress has been made even under such a stressful situation. We look forward to the fourth observing run (O4) sometime in 2022, and KAGRA is expected to join these global efforts for hunting more gravitational wave events with better sensitivity and accuracy. Thus the main theme of this workshop will be O4. We encourage researchers of both experiment and theory, especially of young generations, to make contributions and exchange the ideas at this KIW8.
Please register at the meeting homepage by June 30, 2021. There is no registration fee.
KIW8 is a virtual-only meeting. The plenary and parallel sessions will be hosted at separate Zoom meeting rooms, of which connection information will be sent to all registered participants. In order to promote vibrant discussion during the meeting, Slack discussion channels for individual sessions will be open to all participants. In addition, there will be dedicated Slack channels for all poster presenters during the poster session. Poster presenters can take advantage of the channels to have discussion with other participants. All KIW8 participants are encouraged to join the poster presenters' channels.
Scientific Organizing Committee
- Hyung Mok Lee (co-chair, SNU, Korea)
- Hisaaki Shinkai (co-chair, OIT, Japan)
- Hyung Won Lee (Inje Univ., Korea)
- Ray-Kuang Lee (National Tsinghua Univ., Taiwan)
- Tatsuya Narikawa (ICRR, Japan)
- John Oh (NIMS, Korea)
- Takahiro Sawada (Osaka City Univ., Japan)
- Nami Uchikata (ICRR, Japan)
- Takafumi Ushiba (ICRR, Japan)
- Helios Vocca (Perugia, Italy)
- Zong-Hong Zhu (BNU, China)
Local Organizing Committee
- Sungho Lee (Chair, KASI, Korea)
- June Gyu Park (KASI, Korea)
- Soonkyu Je (KASI, Korea)
- Sang Hoon Oh (NIMS, Korea)
- Chang-Hee Kim (KAIST, Korea)
- Kyungmin Kim (Ewha Womans Univ. & KASI, Korea)


text:
and Lake Caliraya are two connected man-made lakes
which was the result of an infrastructure project. It was
actually a large reservoir built by American engineers in
1943 to supply water to the Caliraya Hydroelectric Plant.
As the dams were constructed, entrepreneurs with foresight
created two adjacent communities which were envisioned to
be ecological communities, where one can enjoy the beauty
and richness of unspoiled nature. The results were
man-made mountain lakes complete with coves and sand bars
- Lake Caliraya and Sierra Lakes.
also seeded the lake with Largemouth Black Bass imported
from the USA, which continue to proliferate and provide
game fishers with year-round weekend excitement.
In fact, the two
lakes are the only place in the whole country where
Philippine anglers can attempt to catch the famed
Largemouth Black Bass, one of the top freshwater gamefish
of the United States of America.


text:
Compensation for Active Service in a Combat Zone
Compensation received for active service in a combat zone by members of the Armed Forces of the United States is excluded from Massachusetts gross income. For tax years 2022 and after, bonus payments made by a state or political subdivision thereof for service in a combat zone are also excluded from Massachusetts gross income..
Go to Mass. Tax Information for Military Personnel and their Spouses to learn more.
Court Awards and Damages
The following amounts, received by settlement or judgment, are included in gross income:
- Interest on any award
- Compensation for lost wages or lost profits (including compensation related to age discrimination settlements)
- Punitive damages
- Amounts received in settlement of pension rights (if taxpayer did not contribute to the plan)
- Damages for:
- Patent or copyright infringement
- Breach of contract
- Interference with business operations
Compensatory damages, received by settlement or judgment, are excluded from gross income if they are received on account of personal physical injury or physical sickness (whether received in a lump sum or installments).
Whether court awards or damages are fully or partially taxed on the Massachusetts return, litigation costs, such as attorney fees, may not be deducted unless they are related to certain unlawful discrimination suits or awards to whistleblowers under Internal Revenue Code ("Code") § 7623(b), or, beginning in tax year 2022, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, a state false claims act, or the Commodity Exchange Act.
Litigation costs related to unlawful discrimination and whistleblower suits that are deductible from Massachusetts gross income are reported on Schedule Y.
Gross income does not include amounts, also known as proceeds or death benefits, received (whether in a single sum or otherwise) under a life insurance contract if such amounts are paid by reason of the death of the insured.
Generally, all amounts payable on the death of the insured are excluded, whether these amounts represent the return of premiums paid, the increased value of the policy due to investment, or the death benefit feature (i.e., the policy proceeds exceeding the value of the contract immediately prior to the death of the insured.)
Beginning in tax year 2022, the exclusion for life insurance death benefits may be limited if the insurance policy is owned by the insured's employer or if the insurance policy was sold or transferred. IRS Publication 525 provides detailed information on the taxation of life insurance proceeds, as well as certain other income items.
Deceased Public Safety Officers
Death benefits paid to a surviving dependent of a public safety officer who died in the line of duty are not taxable.
Accelerated Death Benefits paid under a life insurance contract (including sales or assignments to viatical settlement providers) for terminally and chronically ill insured individuals are excluded from federal and Massachusetts gross income.
Note: A viatical settlement provider is a person regularly engaged in the trade or business of purchasing, or taking assignment of, life insurance contracts on the lives of insureds.
Interest Earned on Death Benefits
If any amount excluded from gross income is held under an agreement to pay interest on such amount, the interest payments are included in gross income.
Injury Payments to Police, Fire and Public Safety Personnel
Compensation paid to police, fire, and public safety personnel who are granted leaves of absence because of injuries sustained in the performance of their duties:
- Is not subject to Massachusetts income taxation and
- Does not constitute wages subject to withholding
- Report these amounts as wages and
- Write "See attached statement" next to the account.
The same amount is then taken as a deduction on Schedule Y.
Incapacitated Firefighter or Police Officer Income Exclusion:
Although income received by a firefighter or police officer incapacitated in the line of duty is excluded from Massachusetts gross income, the income received must be:
- Included in the employee's Massachusetts gross income and
- Reported as wages (not subject to withholding)
The amount is then claimed as a Schedule Y deduction.
No Tax Status and Limited Income Credit Calculation:
This deduction impacts the calculation of No Tax Status and Limited Income Credit as it's treated as an adjustment to arrive at Massachusetts adjusted gross income on the:
- Massachusetts AGI Worksheet (Schedule 1 instructions) and
- Schedule NTS-L-NR/PY
Nonresidents and part-year residents may claim this deduction only if it is directly related to taxable income reported on Form 1-NR/PY.
Life Insurance Policies/Premiums/Benefits
Life Insurance Proceeds:
Life insurance proceeds paid to a beneficiary are not taxable if received in a lump sum payment based on the amount due at the insured person's date of death.
Surrender of Policy for Cash:
Generally, proceeds are considered ordinary income to the extent they exceed the premiums paid less dividends received.
Dividends paid as a Reduction of Premiums:
Dividends paid by the insurance company as reduction of premiums are not taxable but they reduce the cost basis of the policy.
Interest paid or credited on these dividends (if left with the insurance company) is:
- Taxable as Part A, interest and dividends
- Reported on Schedule B
Interest received on an Insurance Policy:
Any amounts in excess of what would be payable at the time of the insured person's death is considered interest. This interest is:
- Taxable as Part A, income, interest and dividends
- Reported on Schedule B (including interest from SBLI purchased through a Massachusetts bank)
Group-Term Life Insurance Premiums:
An employee's gross income does not include the cost of up to $50,000 of group-term life insurance coverage provided by:
- An employer or
- Former employer
However, an employee's gross income does include the cost of employer-provided insurance that is more than the cost of $50,000 of coverage. If an employee pays any part of the cost of the insurance, the entire payment reduces, dollar for dollar, the amount that would otherwise be included in gross income.
Sick pay benefits received from an employer or from a plan paid for by an employer are taxable as wages. In certain instances employee benefits may be taxable as wages depending on employees' payments.
The rules for the taxability of sick pay received are as follow:
- If the employer pays all of the premiums for employees' sick pay insurance, the benefits received are:
- Taxable and
- Included as wages
- If employees pay all of the costs of their own coverage, the benefits received are not taxable
- If employees pay all or part of the cost of their sick pay insurance coverage with "pre-tax" dollars, the benefits received are:
- Taxable and
- Included as wages
- If the employer and employees share the cost of the sick pay insurance for the employees, the portion of the benefits that matches the percent of the employer's contribution is:
- Taxable and
- Included as wages
The balance is not taxable income.
Nonresidents working for Massachusetts employers receiving sick pay paid by their employers should report them as wages. The same rules apply for nonresidents as residents.
Sick pay received from an employer is subject to income tax withholding as if it were wages. If it is from a third party such as an insurance company, it is not subject to withholding unless requested by the taxpayer.
Under Workers' Compensation laws, gross income does not include amounts received as compensation for personal injuries or sickness while employees are out of work.
If an employee returns to work and is assigned to "light duties" while continuing to receive workers' compensation, such amounts are taxable.
Regular Salary Paid While Receiving Workers' Compensation:
If an employer continues to pay a regular salary to an employee who is out of work and receiving workers' compensation, the employee must turn over the workers' compensation payments to the employer.
The amount to be included in gross income is the difference between what was paid and what was returned.
Example: John was injured while at work and was out of work for two months. His company continued to pay his weekly salary of $475, and he also received workers compensation of $100 a week from the state. He is required to turn over the $100 a week of workers' compensation to his employer. The balance of $375 ($475 - $100) a week must be included in gross income as taxable wages.
Note: To be eligible for tax free workers' compensation benefits you need to have suffered a work-related injury or illness or be a dependent of a worker killed on the job.
- M.G.L. Chapter 62, Sections 2(a)
- M.G.L. Chapter 62, Sections 2(a)(2)(K)
- M.G.L. Chapter 41, Section 111 F
- TIR 03-8: Massachusetts Income Tax Filing Extensions for Military Personnel in the Persian Gulf Area
- TIR 02-4: Military Personnel Serving in Afghanistan
- TIR 99-6: Military Personnel Serving in Kosovo
- LR 85-47: Withholding Requirements for Dependent Care Assistance, Sick Pay and Distributions from Qualified Plans
- LR 80-32: Compensation Paid to Injured Personnel Pursuant to G.L. c. 41, s. 111F
- TIR 23-5: Chapter 62 Conformity to Select Provisions of the 2022 Internal Revenue Code
- Internal Revenue Code §§ 101; 104(a); 105(a); 112; 264
- IRS Publication 525
Contact for Death, Injury, Sickness Benefits, and Certain Other Compensation
9 a.m.–4 p.m., Monday through Friday


text:
Whenever we give a demo of OpenAnnotate, clients always ask, "What happens when multiple users need to review a document at the same time?" OpenAnnotate has always supported having multiple users annotating a document at the same time, but a recent client has added functionality which broadcasts "live" the annotations and comments that users are making. This makes the review process in OpenAnnotate more collaborative. This post will outline some things to look for when evaluating your options for annotating/reviewing documents in your ECM repository.
We have had clients struggle with other annotation products and review processes in the past that did not allow more than one user to be reviewing a document at the same time. The "out of the box" functionality that is advertised for many ECM repositories to be able to perform a document "review" involves the following:
- Create a workflow to send to individual reviewers
- Each individual user must check out the document when it is their turn to review
- Perform their edits in the document (with or without track changes)
- Remember check back in the correct document
- Complete the workflow task
We have seen many clients struggle with this process because it involves multiple steps that users must remember to perform in order for the review to go smoothly. Some of the things that go wrong or problems with this approach are:
- Only one person can be doing their review at a time. This can add hours/days to the review process because each user must independently make their edits before the next user can review and make their comments.
- Users forget to check back in the document, leaving others locked out of doing their review
- Users forget to turn on "Track Changes" in the document, so other reviewers and authors don't know what was changed
- Reviewers "over-edit" the document since they are using the native editing application and tend to spend too much time editing fonts, changing design, wordsmithing
- Documents must go through many separate review cycles since the first reviewers don't get to see what the later reviewers changed in the document.
TSG has had success in rolling out our OpenAnnotate annotation tool because it addresses the following issues:
- Annotations are made using the Adobe XFDF specification allowing for documents to be viewed with their annotations inline
- Reviewers have a simplified toolset that lets them enter comments, draw lines/boxes/circles/arrows, highlight/strikethrough text. This lets them focus on the content of their review rather than the semantics of the tool.
- Annotations are made as a layer on top of the document allowing multiple reviewers to be making their annotations at the same time
The most recent enhancement to OpenAnnotate takes that last point one step further as it allows users to collaborate on the review process in real time without having to refresh the page to see if another user has made comments.
We have added a "Participants" pane to the interface that will show all users that are currently annotating the document, as well as expose a chat window to allow users to have an informal dialog during the review.
When annotations are being made, every user will immediately see the annotation appear on their screen. This allows users to make their comments at the same time as other reviewers and respond to each other's feedback. We have also expanded each annotation with a "reply" feature which allows an individual to reply to a highlight/strikethrough or other annotation.
Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.


How to Make XJ40 Jaguar Internal Door Levers
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6
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In this tutorial I will be making a small part on the MakerBot 2. This is a piece that frequently breaks inside the doors of the XJ40 Jaguar cars and renders the doors useless. Since this lever is an integral part of the whole door lock mechanism and is also riveted in place, any breakage renders the whole door unusable.
I made it at TechShop Chandler, techshop.ws.
I took the broken piece out of the door mechanism by grinding the rivet end off. I glued the two halves together so I can have a working model.
The original piece is probably made out of molded nylon and after about 20 years inside a hot door they had become brittle. The original design was rather thin in the critical areas and had no radius to reinforce the webs. I had originally drawn the part as designed and later added thickness and radiuses to the critical areas where stress is concentrated. I saved the part as a *.stl, so it can be interpreted by the majority of 3D printers on the market. The TechShop Chandler has three brand new MakerBot 2 machines and they have proprietary software for maneuvering the part to suit the working environment and the user. On fine resolution the part takes 80 minutes to make on the low end it is only 60 minutes.
Teacher Notes
Teachers! Did you use this instructable in your classroom?
Add a Teacher Note to share how you incorporated it into your lesson.
Step 1:
The part was originally drawn in Solidworks exactly as the original then manipulated to get a sturdier design but with the same external critical dimensions. The end result was saved as a SLT file and then imported in the Maker Bot Software. The same results can be had by drawing the part in Inventor.
For some reason when I imported the file it appeared on its side. Using the "Rotation" tools on the left side of the screen it was rotated 90 degrees and put flat and in contact with the plate. At this step it can be made to move around the plate closer to the other corners as some areas of the tape may be damaged in the center where everybody puts their parts. Also it is very important that the part is in contact with the plate and not suspended in the "air"
Step 2:
The next step is to set the parameters for the actual making of the part. The original first "issue" part was set for 2 Shells and 10% fill just to get an idea if the part is what I want. The final part should be done with 1 Shell and 100% fill. More than 1 shell actually creates a separation between shells and the fill and in this case that is not desirable as all the strength possible is needed for this part. Supports and rafts are also added and the fine resolution is checked. By checking the preview you can get an estimate of how long it will take for the part to be made. This part had 147 layers and will take 80 minutes. Click EXPORT and after a brief computation the file is ready for the SD card that goes in the Makerbot.
SD cards that will work in the Makerbot are limited to 2 GB in size and need to be formatted for FAT 16, otherwise they are not readable by the Makerbot.
Step 3:
Here are the parts side by side. The original weighs 8 grams and the copy is 7.4 grams probably due to the different plastic composition. It is difficult to find a way to stress the part properly other than installing it in the original door mechanism, but I tried to break it with my hands (I'm 6'4) every which way and was not successful.
Step 4:
This is my first instructable an I am not sure if it will create much interest, however if you are a XJ40 owner you are probably all ears by now. The door locks from a salvage yard are hard to find intact and even so, the parts are so well "cooked" that they will probably break again while in your door :(
This is a new part and should last many years of service
The same technique can be used to make any number of small car parts as long as they fit on the Makerbot building Plate.
The filament used is PLS and the color was "natural".
Hope this helps somebody
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 3 Discussions
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 CarlS5
 4 years ago on Introduction
 Is it possible to get the files to print own ones?
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 bob3030
 5 years ago
 Nice job. This is a great use for a 3d printer. Thanks for sharing.
 0
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 gunshw301
 5 years ago
 Great work. Thank you for the write up.


text:
The need for corpora of interpreting discourse in translation studies is gradually increasing. The research of AV
translation is another rapidly developing sphere, thus corpora of subtitling and dubbing would also be quite useful. The main reason of the lack in such resources is the difficulty of obtaining data and the inevitability of manual data input. An interpreting corpus would be a collection of transcripts of speech in two or more languages with part of the transcripts aligned. The subtitling and dubbing corpora can be designed using the same principles. The structure of the corpus should reflect the polyphonic nature of the data. Thus, markup becomes extremely important in these types of corpora. The research presented in this paper deals with corpora of Finnish-Russian interpreting
discourse and subtitling. The software package developed for processing of the corpora includes routines specially written for studying speech transcripts rather than written text. For example, speaker statistics function calculates number of words, number of pauses, their duration, average speech tempo of a certain speaker.


Jim Crow Next Level On Technology
September 22, 2022 / 0 Comments / Blog
How to Prevent Apps from Accessing Location on Windows 10?
If you're concerned about apps accessing your location on Windows 10, you can change your location settings to control which apps have access to your location information. To change your location settings, go to the Settings app, then select Privacy > Location.
On the Location page, you can turn off the location service entirely, or you can choose which apps have access to your location. To turn off the location service, toggle the switch to the Off position. To allow or deny location access to an app, find the app in the list and toggle the switch to the On or Off position.
You can also choose whether apps can access your location in the background. By default, this setting is turned on, which means that apps can access your location even when you're not using them. If you'd prefer that apps not have access to your location in the background, toggle the switch to the Off position.
How to Prevent Apps from Accessing Location on Windows 10?
How to stop apps from tracking your location on Windows 10
If you're concerned about apps tracking your location on Windows 10, there are a few steps you can take to stop them.
First, you can go to your privacy settings and turn off location services for individual apps. This will prevent the apps from accessing your location, but won't stop them from tracking your location if they're using other methods.
You can also turn off location services for your entire device by going to your privacy settings and turning off the "Location" toggle. This will prevent all apps from tracking your location, but will also prevent you from using any location-based features on your device.
Finally, you can use a third-party privacy tool to block apps from tracking your location. These tools work by intercepting the location data that apps try to access and preventing it from being sent to them.
Using these methods, you can stop apps from tracking your location on Windows 10.
How to manage location permissions for apps on Windows 10
If you're concerned about apps accessing your location data on Windows 10, you can manage your location permissions through the Settings app. Here's how:
1. Open the Settings app and go to the Privacy section.
2. Select the Location tab and then click on the Change button.
3. You'll be presented with three options: Allow all apps to access your location, Choose which apps can access your location, and Block all apps from accessing your location.
4. If you select the second option, you'll be able to choose which apps can have access to your location data on a case-by-case basis.
5. If you select the third option, no apps will be able to access your location data.
Keep in mind that some apps may not work properly if you block them from accessing your location data. For example, a weather app may not be able to give you accurate information if it can't access your location.
How to block an app from accessing your location on Windows 10
When you first set up Windows 10, you're asked whether you want to allow apps to access your location. If you choose to allow access, any apps that have been designed to use your location will be able to do so.
However, you may not want all apps to have access to your location data. Maybe you're concerned about privacy, or maybe you just don't want certain apps to know where you are. Whatever the reason, Windows 10 provides a way to block access to your location for specific apps.
Here's how to do it:
1. Open the Settings app.
2. Click on Privacy.
3. Click on Location.
4. Scroll down to the bottom of the list of settings and click on the toggle switch next to the app that you want to block. This will turn off location access for that app.
5. Repeat this process for any other apps that you want to block.
Once you've turned off location access for an app, it will no longer be able to track your location. Keep in mind that some apps may not work properly if they don't have access to your location, so use this setting judiciously.
How to delete location data from apps on Windows 10
When it comes to apps and privacy, one of the most important things to consider is how apps use and access your location data. While many apps need access to your location data in order to work properly, there are some that access your location data without your knowledge or permission.
If you're concerned about apps accessing your location data without your permission, there are a few things you can do to prevent this from happening.
The first thing you can do is go into your device's settings and disable location services for specific apps. This will prevent those apps from accessing your location data, even if you have previously allowed them to do so.
You can also go into your device's settings and disable location services entirely. This will prevent all apps from accessing your location data, but it may also prevent some apps from working properly.
Finally, you can delete location data that has already been collected by apps. This data is typically stored in your device's settings, so you'll need to go into the settings for each app and delete the data manually.
Deleting location data can help to protect your privacy, but it can also lead to some apps not working properly. If you're concerned about app access to your location data, the best thing to do is to disable location services entirely.
How to Prevent Apps from Accessing Location on Windows 10?
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text:
Recently Asahi News reported the following:
Nissan Motor Co., together with the measurement control equipment making company Chino (Tokyo) had jointly developed a small equipment as a means to deal with the new influenza. It could in three seconds measure the temperature of people visiting office buildings and communal facilities etc. The heat image sensor technology developed by Nissan for the car was applied. When the sales was started in September, about 300 were sold to major companies in one month, and the sales target by the end of the current year was 5,000. When the face was brought close up to 15 centimeters, the temperature of the body surface would be measured. If the temperature was 38-degree or more, a red lamp would blink, and the warning sound would be activated. According to Chino, the price would be about 300,000 to 400,000 yen cheaper than the equipment for measuring body temperature used in airports etc (costing about 1 million to 5 million yen).
After reading the above I think major commercial buildings in Hong Kong could consider installing similar machines to help fighting the next round of influenza.


text:
American rabbi who on June 6, 2009, became the first female African American to be so ordained. Though the Reform and Conservative movements in Judaism had begun ordaining women rabbis in the 1970s and '80s, Stanton's ordination drew national attention to the growing number of African Americans converting to Judaism.
Stanton was raised as a Pentecostal Christian. She first became interested in Judaism as a child, when her family moved to a predominantly Jewish neighbourhood in Cleveland Heights. She converted to Reform Judaism in 1987 while a student at Colorado State University (CSU), where she earned a bachelor's degree in psychology in 1988. The unmarried Stanton, mother of an adopted daughter, was unusual among converts to Judaism, most of whom make the conversion for the sake of an upcoming marriage. Stanton then earned a master's degree in education from CSU in 1992 and received a professional counselor's license in 1998; she earned another master's degreein Hebrew lettersfrom Hebrew Union CollegeJewish Institute of Religion in 2009. Working as a psychotherapist in Aurora, Colo., she specialized in grief and loss counseling, often working with abused and neglected children. After the Columbine shootings in 1999, she counseled the grieving students.
In 2002 Stanton became a student at Hebrew Union CollegeJewish Institute of Religion, studying first in Jerusalem and then in Cincinnati, Ohio. While a student, she was assigned a summer internship for a Jewish congregation in Dothan, Ala. Although the arrival of a black rabbinical intern in a small Southern town at first created a stir, Stanton won over her congregation with her warmth and kindness. Following her ordination in June 2009, she became the spiritual leader at Congregation Bayt Shalom in Greenville, N.C., a predominately white congregation affiliated with both the Conservative and Reform movements.


DuPont and ADM launch bioplastic pilot plant
Article by Amanda Doyle
DUPONT and ADM have announced the opening of a pilot plant in that will be the world's first production facility for bio-based furan dicarboxylic methyl ester (FDME), which can be used to make a lightweight plastic.
The two companies developed a method for producing the long sought-after molecule FDME from fructose derived from corn starch in 2016. They have now moved to the pilot phase with the opening of a pilot plant in Illinois, US, which is expected to produce 60 t/y of FDME.
The DuPont and ADM facility. Credit: DuPont
FDME is a molecule that can be used to create chemicals and materials, including plastic. One of the first FDME-based molecules under development is polytrimethylene furandicarboxylate (PTF), a polymer that can be used to make more sustainable plastic bottles. PTF has a gas barrier that is 10-15 times higher than the commonly-used plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This increases the shelf life of the product and reduces the amount of plastic needed to keep the CO2 in the drinks. PTF is produced using a more environmentally friendly method compared to PET, which is usually derived from petrochemicals.
"We're confident FDME is both the more sustainable option and the better-for-business option," said Michael Saltzberg, global business director for biomaterials at DuPont Industrial Biosciences. "This molecule, and its numerous applications, will be high-performing, cost-effective and better for the environment."
Article by Amanda Doyle
Staff Reporter, The Chemical Engineer
Recent Editions


Quick Answer: What Does It Mean To Be Buck?
What does Buck mean in slang?
The definition of a buck is slang for a dollar, or an adult male animal, often with antlers..
What is a buck 50?
The Urban Dictionary defines a buck 50 thusly: A tear inflicted by a cutting instrument (e.g. a knife or a box cutter) in the skin of the cheek from one corner of the mouth toward the lateral ear. … After the fight, Mikey took out a knife and gave him a buck 50.
Whats does F mean?
How many bucks make a dollar?
Conversation Table (with latest exchange rate)BUCKS [SwagBucks]USD [US Dollar]1 SwagBucks=7.424252 US Dollar2 SwagBucks=14.848503 US Dollar3 SwagBucks=22.272755 US Dollar5 SwagBucks=37.121258 US Dollar7 more rows
What does Buck mean on Snapchat?
just money"Dollar (or just money)" is the most common definition for BUCK on Snapchat, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. BUCK. Definition: Dollar (or just money)
Is Buck and Dollar same?
Is bucks a slang word?
We have a lot of slang terms for money in the U.S. While the meaning behind some of these terms may seem obvious, it's less intuitive for others. "Bucks," which has become synonymous with "dollars" in modern vernacular, is one example of the latter.
What is a female deer called?
Buck DoeAnimal Names: Male, Female, and YoungAnimalMaleFemaleCatTomQueenCattleBullCowChickenRoosterHenDeerBuckDoe16 more rows
What does buck down mean?
Informal (chiefly U.S. and Canadian) to resist or oppose obstinately.
How did a dollar became known as a buck?
As the video explains, the exact origin of the term isn't 100% clear, but strong evidence suggests that people started calling dollars "bucks" in the 1700s likely thanks to deer; specifically, with the trading of deerskins. Deerskins were commonly used as a form of currency at the time.
What does a buck and a half mean?
one hundred dollars; a bet of one hundred dollars. He'd go a buck and a half apiece for as many as I could get…
What does it mean to get buck?
verb. to get crazy, go wild. The locals get buck at the skatepark.
What does it mean when a girl bucks?
unattractiveunattractive. That girl is buck. See more words with the same meaning: unattractive, ugly.
How much money is a buck 50?
Buck is a slang word for dollar, so "a buck fifty" means $1.50. cash (=money in bills and coins) I have $84.05 in cash.
What does it mean to buck your eyes?
Having bad or speckled eyes.
What is the meaning of 20 bucks?
Twenty bucks is an amount – a bet or wager – and is therefore singular. It means ' I have a twenty dollar note here which bets that …. … If it is a $20 bill,, the singular.
What is $1000 called?
$1000 notes are occasionally referred to as "large" ("twenty large" being $20,000, etc.). In slang, a thousand dollars may also be referred to as a "grand" or "G", "K" (as in kilo), or a "stack", a "bozo", as well as a "band".
Does a buck mean 100?
What position is the buck?
The BUCK position is a hybrid linebacker/defensive end somewhere between 6-foot-2, and 6-foot-5 and about 230 to 260-pounds. When the defense goes to a 3-man front the BUCK lines up off the ball in an outside linebacker spot, and when they show a 4-man front the BUCK lines up as a defensive end.


text:
In microeconomic theory a preference map or indifference map is the collection of indifference curves possessed by an individual. Similar in nature to a topographical map, the contour lines of such a map demonstrating progressively more desirable options as they move upward or to the right. Because of the nature of indifference curves they cannot intersect and are effectively infinite in number, their sum defining all possible combinations of values.
An individual will choose to consume goods at the point where their budget constraint is tangent to an indifference curve their preference map. Because of the nature of the preference map, there is only one possible curve and one possible consumption point on any given combination of preference map and budget constraint. It is by accumulating these consumption points that a demand curve can be generated.


Wednesday, August 13, 2008
Using Difference Lists
I posted my enthusiasm about difference lists for Haskell earlier this month, but then became sidetracked by combinators and reading lists, so, let's get back on track.
Difference lists are a (very) useful data structure in Prolog, particularly when it comes to parsing with definite clause grammars (DCGs) and when it comes to list construction (again, using DCGs). Why? Well, to answer that question, let's examine the structure of difference lists. The Prolog (or relational) representation of a difference list is of the form:
X = [1,2,3|Y] - Y
What that relation describes is that X is the difference of the pair of lists of (first) [1,2,3] appended with the list Y minus (second) the list Y.
Well, what is the value of the list Y? To a Prologian, this question is not important (for Y, being a logic variable, can be any list or, even, not a list at all because the variable is still uninstantiated (a "free" variable)). Its importance is that it gives us an "instant" index into the list after the elements we've already processed. The significance of that index for parsing is that we now have a stream over the parsed (list) data, which gives us the ability to translate BNF grammars directly into working parsers. The significance for list construction is that we "simply" walk "backward" through the DCG to construct a list from a (parsed) internal representation, without paying the linear cost of either (a) traversing the list each time to add a new element (which results in exponential time list construction) or (b) building the list in reverse (adding new elements to the head of the list) and then applying reverse to the end result.
"Big deal!" you scoff, "zippers [also called 'finger trees'] already give us indices into data structures. Who needs a funny-looking specialized zipper just for lists?"
"Good point!" is my response. Zippers are powerful and flexible data structures that not only provide that index over any data structure, but, even better than difference list's index that only goes forward (with any dignity) in constant time, the zipper's index can go both forward and backward through that (generic) structure in constant time. So, if you are not familiar with zippers, I request that you run, don't walk, to a good overview to learn more about their utility.
With all their flexibility and power, in certain situations, a zipper is not the correct choice for some list processing tasks; the difference list's simplicity shines in these situations. First, for the unidirectional index of the difference list (it moves forward through the list well, but backwards... not so much), this, for list construction purposes, is hardly ever an issue, and if it becomes one, then backtracking is easily installed with some MonadPlus magic. Next, you, the coder, are responsible for constructing a zipper list data type each time you need one, but Don Stewart has provided Data.DList; no construction necessary! Last, an example structure of a zipper list, for the list a++b is (reverse a,b), so if we wish to reconstruct the original list, for an a of large magnitude, we still pay the linear (reverse) cost in reconstruction as well as the linear cost of appending b to that result.
You heard it here first, folks — difference lists: [zipper lists] can't touch this!
Okay, I've finished throwing it down for now. Let's look at difference lists from the Haskell perspective and then use this data structure in a list construction example.
> import Data.DList
For my examples, I'm going to be looking at the subset of difference lists that I can compare and see:
> instance Eq a => Eq (DList a) where
> x == y = toList x == toList y
> instance (Eq a, Show a) => Show (DList a) where
> show x | x == empty = "\\x -> [x]"
> | otherwise = "\\x -> [" ++ show (head x)
> ++ doShow (toList (tail x)) ++ ":x]"
> where doShow [] = ""
> doShow (a:b) = ", " ++ show a ++ doShow b
With the above instance declarations, we see that
(singleton 1) 'snoc' 2 'snoc' 3
gives us the representation
λ x. [1, 2, 3:x]
... snoc appends an element to the end of a list (so it's the reverse of cons).
Prologians are always smug with their ability to create an infinite stream of 1s with X = [1|X]. And, no doubt about it, Prolog is a programming language that makes list construction easy... *ahem* almost as easy as list construction in Haskell ("Your list comprehensions outshine even Prolog for sure..."):
repeat 1
... and now with difference lists...
let x = unDL (singleton 1) x in x
But no self-respecting Prologian would freeze their interpreter with a such a rash proof; Haskellians have no such concern, thanks to weak head normal form:
take 5 (repeat 1)
So there!
Let's examine an application of difference lists. I have a little scanner that I use to help me in my oration. The meat of the algorithm (before difference lists) was as follows:
> lettersIn word = lettersIn' word []
> lettersIn' [] ans = reverse ans
> lettersIn' (h:t) ans | isLetter h = lettersIn' t (h:ans)
> | otherwise = reverse ans
Ugh, yes, reverses galore! This is an oft-recurring pattern in Haskell code that is very easily fixed with some difference list magic:
> lettersIn word = lettersIn' word empty
> lettersIn' [] ans = toList ans
> lettersIn' (h:t) ans | isLetter h = lettersIn' t (ans 'snoc' h)
> | otherwise = toList ans
A very simply example, I grant you, for if we take a list whose elements are all in the set of the alphabet, the above code is a very complicated way of reinventing the id function. Or, put another way, who's going to teach me about scanl? Hm, would I be required to use the continuation Monad to escape the scan, I wonder? But you get the general idea for list construction, right? Instead of building the list by adding to the head ("cons"ing) and then applying reverse to the result, the different list allows one to "snoc" each element and return the correctly ordered result. For a single list construction, the benefit may not be all that obvious, but when one builds, e.g., an XML generator for a complex internal representation, reversing the reverse of the reversed reversed child element becomes an odious labour — difference lists eliminate all the internal juggling, replacing that complication with a straightforward constant-time list and element in-place append.
So, next time you need to do some list construction, instead of falling back on the reverse standby, flex your new difference list muscles; you'll be pleasantly surprised.
David R. MacIver said...
"zippers [also called 'finger trees']"
Um. No they're not. A finger tree is a totally different data structure to a zipper. A zipper is a view into another data structure with a "special point" in that structure. A finger tree is an tree designed for sequences with fast concat, append and prepend.
Finger tree:
meteficha said...
I wonder why you didn't write
lettersIn (x:xs) | isLetter x = x : lettersIn xs
lettersIn _ = []
meteficha said...
Or even better:
lettersIn = takeWhile isLetter
Jim Apple said...
David R. MacIver:
Yes, finger trees aren't the same as zippers, but zippers are really just fingers. Finger trees could have been called zipper trees if Kaplan & Tarjan hadn't gotten there first. Their fingers are actually special points in trees, along with a path from those points to the root, just like a zipper!
Jim Apple said...
I like difference lists. However, I think anything you can do with a difference list you can do with constant-time-append deques, which provide other operations as well:
Kaplan & Tarjan's simpler real-time version
Okasaki's amortized-time version
Chris Rathman said...
Might be worth noting that the book Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming has a nice explanation of Difference Lists using Oz in section 3.4.4. I translated the code to Alice ML, where futures can used to get the same effect.
Chris Rathman said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Pseudonym said...
Yes, because breaking the logical interpretation of unification is a virtue in logic programming.
(Actually, I think that Prologians are secretly happy every time they come up with a way to do anything at all in Prolog. I digress.)
What I actually wanted to say was that I found it amusing that you used "show" rather than "shows" in an article about difference lists.
shimaa shaker said...
شركات تنظيف بالمدينة المنورة
شركة تنظيف منازل بالمدينة المنورة
شركة كشف تسربات المياه بالمدينة المنورة


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British Columbia Geological Survey geoscientists carry out the systematic inventory and assessment of British Columbia geology. They provide raw data, analysis, and new concepts to guide geological, mineral resource, and environmental decisions. Integrating historical data with active research programs, our geoscientists draw on continuously advancing concepts and technologies to create new knowledge.
Here is our current team of professional geoscientists. To find a summary of their expertise and how to contact them click on their name.


Materials Used to Make Cable Ties and their Applications
While cable ties are usually used to bundle together wires and cabling, they can be used for many other purposes as well, such as identifying hazardous materials. Since they are manufactured in several colours, businesses can use them to help code substances or to secure loads during transport. Most cable ties are nylon, but they can be made of other materials as well, allowing them to hold up to different stresses and exposure to different substances.
Materials for Cable Ties
Cable ties replace the use of string, twine, or rope to secure bundles of wires, cabling, or other types of materials. They hold up better against various stresses and are available in a variety of materials. If you install IT cabling or wiring, your company can order custom-printed ties to help identify the purpose of the cables or wires being secured together.
Nylon Cable Ties
Many cable ties are manufactured from nylon because this material holds together well under all types of stress. Nylon cable ties are not easily broken, so they can be used for multiple purposes. While most cable ties are black, white, or grey for generic use, coloured cable ties can be used to colour code the wires or cables being bundled together, allowing quick identification.
All cable ties have a flame-resistance requirement, so nylon cable ties come in either 6.6 nylon or 4.6 nylon, which is a higher-temperature nylon. While most cable ties are used for indoor purposes, they can also be used outdoors. Black cable ties are UV-protected for use outdoors as well as indoors, because they are also resistant to different types of environmental contaminants. Black nylon ties are made from a 12-grade nylon because they require a higher tensile strength.
Stainless Steel Ties
Rust-resistant cable ties in Melbourne are used for strapping together materials which may be exposed to saltwater or chemicals. So, if you have a marine company or a business that handles corrosive chemicals, these ties would be the best for strapping things down on a boat or identifying containers of chemicals. This helps ensure the safety of employees as well.
Metal-detectable Cable Ties
Companies in the food, beverage, or pharmaceutical industry will need to use metal-detectable cable ties so they can be detected by x-ray machines or metal detectors. These ties have metal bits embedded into the material so they can be detected. They can be used to secure cables or hoses during processing to help prevent contamination.
Depending on the materials being bundled and what they may be exposed to, this type of cable tie comes in two varieties: halar fluoropolymer and tefzel fluoropolymer. Halar fluoropolymer ties are used to bundled qualified cable. They are flame-resistant and meet UL flammability standards.
Tefzel fluoropolymer cable ties are used for applications in which they will be exposed to environmental stresses like chemical exposure, ultraviolet and gamma radiation, or extreme temperatures. It is important that these ties survive these stresses, in order to help identify the materials they hold together.
Depending on the materials your company works with, these cable ties can help identify what is bundled together.


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Mathematica seems to agree with me in general with saying that $\displaystyle\int \lfloor x \rfloor dx = \frac{\lfloor x\rfloor (\lfloor x\rfloor-1)}{2}+\lfloor x\rfloor \{ x \}+C = \frac{\lfloor x\rfloor(2 x-\lfloor x\rfloor-1)}{2}+C$; that is, letting $I(x) = \frac{\lfloor x\rfloor(2 x-\lfloor x\rfloor-1)}{2}$ and checking whether $\displaystyle\int_a^b \lfloor x \rfloor dx = I(b)-I(a)$ returned true for all counts, decimals included.
What exactly is preventing this from being true in general? Is the reason there is no indefinite integral due to the discontinuity in the floor function, even though Mathematica defines the definite integral along any interval?
share|improve this question

What makes you say there is no indefinite integral? – Gerry Myerson Apr 17 '11 at 23:56
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
The floor function is a piecewise constant function with a finite number of discontinuities, so it is (Riemann) integrable on any interval $[0,x]$. Indefinite integrals $\int f(x)dx$ can be regarded as equivalent classes represented by $\displaystyle \int_0^x f(t)dt$. So the floor function does have an indefinite integral, which can be computed by adding area of a few rectangles: \begin{eqnarray} \int \lfloor x \rfloor dx &=& \int_0^x \lfloor t \rfloor dt +C\\ &=& 1+2+\cdots+(\lfloor x \rfloor-1)+ \{x\}\lfloor x\rfloor+C \\ &=&\frac{\lfloor x\rfloor (\lfloor x\rfloor-1)}{2}+\lfloor x\rfloor \{ x \}+C. \end{eqnarray}
share|improve this answer
Do you think your formula is true in general over complex numbers? That is usually what Mathematica is thinking about.
share|improve this answer

To add: sometimes one has to use things like Assuming[] in Mathematica if you're sure you only need results over the reals. – Ｊ. Ｍ. Apr 18 '11 at 0:09

@J. M. thank you! it does not work in this case but that is a useful thing to know. @Matt, what do you mean? How exactly would the floor function even be applied to complex numbers? – Eugene Bulkin Apr 18 '11 at 22:01

"How exactly would the floor function even be applied to complex numbers?" - componentwise. – Ｊ. Ｍ. Apr 18 '11 at 22:03
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text:
Mellifont Abbey was founded in 1142 on the initiative of Archbishop Malachie d'Armagh and Bernard of Clairvaux as a filiation of the Clairvaux monastery. The architect, Robert, came from France. The abbey was built entirely in the Gothic style of northern France and was totally atypical for Ireland at that time. Mellifont Abbey became the model for other Cistercian monasteries in Ireland and remained the largest abbey in Ireland even after its sacking in 1494 until its suppression in 1539.
Bective Abbey is a former Cistercian abbey founded in 1147, before the Anglo-Norman invasion, as one of the first Cistercian monasteries in Ireland by the King of Meath Murchad Ua Maeil Sheachlainn as a daughter monastery of Mellifont Abbey and therefore belonged to the filiation of the primary abbey of Clairvaux. In 1537, the monastery was dissolved. No visible remains of the first building from the 12th century have survived. The nave still has walled arcades from the end of the 13th century.
St Patrick's Cathedral is the Anglican cathedral of Trim. It rivals its namesake in Armagh as the oldest Anglican cathedral in Ireland. The main tower of the building is a remnant of the medieval parish church of Trim, of which ruins remain behind the present building. Bishops have sat in the church since 1536, but it was not granted cathedral status until 1955.


text:
Time of day predicts the activity budget in the Emerald Tree Boa (Boidae: Corallus batesii) across multiple behaviors
Berry, Savannah Margaret
MetadataShow full item record
Exploring the spatial ecology and behavior of organisms is essential to understand an organism's niche and how to better accommodate animals that are kept in captivity (Ross et al., 2011; Plowman, 2003). Emerald Tree Boas (Corallus batesii) are commonly kept as pets and are important predators in the Amazon; however, despite their commercial exploitation and ecological importance, little is known about their behavior. This paper attempts to fill this literature gap by quantifying the behavior of a juvenile Corallus batesii. The activity budget of the snake was video recorded over a period of three months and was coded using the event logging software, BORIS (Friard & Gamba, 2016). After conducting individual regression analyses on five behaviors (hunting, moving, resting, other: stationary, and out of view), it was found that time of day significantly predicted the behaviors of hunting (p=0.0178, df=23, t=8.50) and resting (p=0.00337, df=23, t=3.52). Hunting behavior was observed between the hours of 2200 h and 700 h and resting between 800 h and 2100 h.


text:
Lean burn combustion is increasing its popularity in the aeronautical framework due to its potential in reducing drastically pollutant emissions (NOx and soot in particular). Its implementation, however, involves significant issues related to the increased amount of air dedicated to the combustion process, demanding the redesign of injection and cooling systems. A reduced coolant mass flow rate in conjunction with higher compressor discharge temperature negatively affect the cooling potential thus requiring the exploitation of efficient schemes such as effusion cooling.
This work describes the experimental and numerical final validation of an aeronautical effusion-cooled lean-burn combustor. Full annular tests were carried out to measure temperature profiles and metal temperature distributions at different operating conditions of the ICAO cycle. Such an outcome was obtained also with an in-house developed CHT methodology (THERM3D). RANS simulations with the Flamelet Generated Manifold combustion model were performed to estimate aerothermal field and heat loads, while the coupling with a thermal conduction solver returns the most updated wall temperature. The heat sink within the perforation is treated with a 0D correlative model that calculates the heat pickup and the temperature rise of coolant. The results highlight an overall good capability of the proposed approach to estimate the metal temperature distribution at different operating conditions. It is also shown how more advanced scale-resolving simulations could significantly improve the prediction of turbulent mixing and heat loads.


gradMTTm
Purpose
Computes numerical gradient with mask using threads.
Format
g = gradMTTm(&fct, par1, data1, mask)
Parameters:
 - &fct (scalar) – pointer to procedure returning either Nx1 vector or 1x1 scalar
 - par1 (struct) – structure of type PV containing parameter vector at which gradient is to be evaluated
 - data1 (struct) – structure of type DS containing any data needed by fct
 - mask (Kx1 matrix) – elements in g corresponding to elements of mask set to zero are not computed otherwise are computed.
Returns:
g (NxK or 1xK) – Jacobian or gradient.
Examples
// Declare PV structure to store parameters
struct PV p1;
p1 = pvCreate;
p1 = pvPack(p1, 0.1|0.2, "P");
// Declare DS structure to store data
struct DS d0;
d0 = dsCreate;
d0.dataMatrix = seqa(1, 1, 15);
// Write function
proc fct(struct PV p0, struct DS d0);
 local p,y;
 p = pvUnpack(p0, "P");
 y = p[1] * exp(-p[2] * d0.dataMatrix);
 retp(y);
endp;
mask = { 0, 1 };
// Find gradient
g = gradMTTm(&fct, p1, d0, mask);
Remarks
par1 must be created using the pvPack() procedures
Source
gradmtt.src


text:
Introducing the sub-photon as a basis of the structure of photons
Considering that the smallest, fastest, and lightest object in the universe is photon and the universe mass is about 1053 kg, if we consider the photon as the basis of the Big Bang, the volume and density are far different from the information that obtained for the Big Bang before. In other words, the photon is not the desired particle that could have formed the Big Bang sphere. Therefore, we define a special particle called "sub-photon" with dimensions of one billionth of a photon (in terms of radius value). In this paper we will show that this fundamental particle could be the basis of the structure of photons.
Author: Gh Saleh.


BSA calculator
Main page Strat Intro Why Units Metric
Standard Doses BSA Total BSA cal Formulas
Hurldles Difficult Calculators Final Other Exchange
How is BSA calculated?
 In oncology practice doses of chemotherapy drugs are usually expressed as mgs per M2of the body surface area (BSA). This is much more accurate and tailored to each patient compared to dosing on the basis of weight alone which is used in most other specialties of medicine. This means that the dose of that drug is so much of mgs per M2of the body surface area of the patient. The total dose of the chemotherapy is calculated by multiplying the dose of the chemotherapy drug with the BSA. To make it clearer, let me discuss one example. A commonly used dose of Doxorubicin used in the treatment of breast cancer is 60mg/ M2. If your weight is 80 kilograms and your height is 156 centimeters, your BSA would be 1.8 M2. The suggested dose of doxorubicin dose is 60mg/ M2and this means dose is 60 mg for every 1 M2 of your BSA. To calculate your actual dose of doxorubicin you will multiply the 60mg with your BSA. The result is as follows. Total doxorubicin dose is 60mg x 1.8M2 = 108 mg. Once you understand this basic concept everything is very simple, dont you agree with me?
 Now you know how to calculate the total dose of a chemotherapy drug, if you BSA and the dose of the chemotherapy drug. You may be wondering how in the world, I would be calculating the BSA. Let me reassure you that BSA can be calculated if you know the height and weight of a person the BSA can be easily calculated using a specialized formula. Now I am going to give the formula for calculation of BSA, but word of caution before I do this. Dont panic! Dont panic looking at this complex formula. I can promise you that once you finish with this article you will be able to calculate your BSA and total dose of chemotherapy very easily, regardless of your knowledge in mathematics. Please have patience and hang on till we finish this article.


Why is the microphone in my laptop not working after upgrading to Windows 10?
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Why is the microphone in my laptop not working after upgrading to Windows 10?
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The microphone in your laptop not working after upgrading to Windows 10:
 - Using the keyboard shortcut, open the Settings app. Keyboard shortcut: Windows+I
 - Click on Privacy, then Microphone Set to authorise access to the device's microphone.
 - Make your microphone accessible to apps - turn it on.
 - Choose which apps have access to your microphone and turn on required access if necessary.
 - Activate the control panel.
 - Click Sound Here after selecting Hardware and Sound. Right-click an empty area on the Recording tab and select, Show devices that are disconnected and Show devices that are disabled
 - Select Microphone from the drop-down menu and select Properties.
 - Make sure the microphone is turned on.
 - You should also make sure that the microphone you're using is set to default.
 - In the Windows Start Search box, type microphone > To set up a microphone, go to Set up a Microphone > Select the desired microphone type (others for the internal mic) > To set it up, follow the onscreen instructions.
Read More: How can I convert a PDF to an MS Word file while keeping the fonts intact?
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text:
Which statements about DHCP snooping are true? (Choose three.)
A. The DHCP snooping binding table contains dynamic binding entries and static binding entries.
B. DHCP snooping distinguishes the trusted interface and untrusted interfaces and discards DHCP Reply messages from untrusted interfaces.
C. The static binding table is manually configured on the inbound interface and the aging time can also be manually set.
D. When DHCP snooping is used at Layer 2, the interface information can be obtained for the binding table even if the Option 82 function is not configured.


text:
Publication: Research - peer-review › Journal article – Annual report year: 2003
In theoretical treatments of tidal bending of floating glaciers, the glacier is usually modelled as an elastic beam with uniform thickness, resting on an elastic foundation. With a few exceptions, values of the elastic (Young's) modulus E of ice derived from tidal deflection records of floating glaciers are in the range 0.9-3 GPa. It has therefore been suggested that the elastic-beam model with a single value of E approximate to 1 GPa adequately describes tidal bending of glaciers.In contrast, laboratory experiments with ice give E =93 GPa, i.e. 3-10 times higher than the glacier-derived values. This suggests that ice creep may have a significant influence on tidal bending of glaciers. Moreover, detailed tidal-deflection and tilt data from Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden glacier, northeast Greenland, cannot be explained by elastic-beam theory. We present a theory of tidal bending of glaciers based on linear viscoelastic-beam theory. A four-element, linear viscoelastic model for glacier ice with a reasonable choice of model parameters can explain the observed tidal flexure data. Implications of the viscoelastic response of glaciers to tidal forcing are discussed briefly.
|Journal||Annals of Glaciology|
|State||Published - 2003|


text:
While the rest of the country wallows in sugary hearts and roses, native Oregonians know that the real holiday today is Oregon's Statehood Day. Granted statehood on February 14, 1859, our state is 147 years old.
Two simple questions that should provoke complex answers:
What does Oregon mean to you? Why do you live in Oregon - rather than somewhere else?


- Quartz Crystal Swirl Earrings
B. Caldwell Creations
Quartz Crystal Swirl Earrings
 - Sterling Silver ear wires
 - 8mm Quartz crystal swirl beads
 - 4mm Swarovski crystals
 - Earrings measure 1.0" (L)
 Show your style with these beautiful sparkling Quartz crystal earrings from the Bee Natural series. Since they are clear quartz they will go with every color in your wardrobe. Wear them with a suit at the office, an evening out or with your favorite t-shirt and jeans.
 Quartz crystal was once believed to be an eternal ice sent by the heavenly gods. Until the late 1500s, many scholars thought this stone was fossilized ice. Quartz crystal is actually a mineral, one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's continental crust, composed of silicon and oxygen. Quartz can be icy clear or have inclusions, veils, bubbles and various colors. It is also known as rock crystal, crystal quartz, universal crystal or clear quartz. People in the earliest recorded times believed in the magical powers of quartz. Ancient Roman, Egyptian and Greek civilizations used quartz crystals as potent talismans. The word quartz is thought to come from the German word "quarz," and the word crystal comes from the Greek word "krystallos," which means ice. The Ancient Japanese believed quartz formed from the breath of a white dragon, and regarded it as representing perfection. Quartz has been used throughout history in rain rituals, crystal skulls and spheres for crystal balls to predict the future since the middle ages. Quartz crystal is found all over the world, but most notably Brazil and Arkansas, USA.
 Since Quartz crystal is a natural stone, each pair of earrings is unique and colors may vary. Our earrings are handcrafted using the finest materials to ensure that your earrings will be a beautiful addition to your wardrobe for many years to come. Clean quartz crystal using warm soapy water and a soft brush. Although it has a high hardness, quartz crystal can still be scratched or damaged by gemstones with a higher hardness, as well as other materials. Avoid using household chemicals when cleaning quartz crystal beads, components or jewelry. Store quartz crystal inside a fabric-lined box or wrapped in a soft cloth.


text:
Born: 1919; Married: Norma Joan Bogg
Remarkable Canberran, Lyall Leslie Gillespie (OAM), needs little introduction. He had a distinguished career in public service, rising to the position of City Manager from 1978 to 1982.
But Gillespie is primarily remembered as one of the most prolific and well-respected historians of the ACT, with a particular interest in Ginninderra, where his own family had its pioneering roots. His legacy includes a historical database of 40,000 reference cards (now digitized), 1,600 historical photographs, a large collection of local Indigenous artifacts, and eight volumes on various topics from local history (including his seminal study on Ginninderra itself: Ginninderra: Forerunner to Canberra).
Lyall Gillespie was born at 'Cooee' in Hall Village in 1919, the son of William Gillespie and Lilian (nee Reid). The family moved away shortly after he was born, returning in 1926. He married Norma Joan Bogg in September 1941 and they rented a house together in Reid. He served in the armed forces in the Second World War. He and Norma had four children and remained living in Canberra's inner north for the rest of their lives.
Gillespie's son, Neil, donated the 'Gillespie Collection' to the Hall School Museum and Heritage Centre in 2015.
- Gillespie, N. J., A History of a Pioneer Family of the Limestone Plains: the Gillespie Family, Canberra, 2005