ration mocks
Enums can be mocked using mockkObject:
enum class Enumeration(val goodInt: Int) {
 CONSTANT(35),
 OTHER_CONSTANT(45);
}
mockkObject(Enumeration.CONSTANT)
every { Enumeration.CONSTANT.goodInt } returns 42
assertEquals(42, Enumeration.CONSTANT.goodInt)
Constructor mocks
Sometimes, especially in code you don't own, you need to mock newly created objects. For this purpose, the following constructs are provided:
class MockCls {
 fun add(a: Int, b: Int) = a + b
}
mockkConstructor(MockCls::class)
every { anyConstructed<MockCls>().add(1, 2) } returns 4
assertEquals(4, MockCls().add(1, 2)) // note new object is created
verify { anyConstructed<MockCls>().add(1, 2) }
The basic idea is that just after the constructor of the mocked class is executed (any of them), objects become a constructed mock.
Mocking behavior of such a mock is connected to the special prototype mock denoted by anyConstructed<MockCls>().
There is one instance per class of such a prototype mock. Call recording also happens to the prototype mock.
If no behavior for the function is specified, then the original function is executed.
In case a class has more than one constructor, each can be mocked separately:
class MockCls(private val a: Int = 0) {
 constructor(x: String) : this(x.toInt())
 fun add(b: Int) = a + b
}
mockkConstructor(MockCls::class)
every { constructedWith<MockCls>().add(1) } returns 2
every {
 constructedWith<MockCls>(OfTypeMatcher<String>(String::class)).add(2) // Mocks the constructor which takes a String
} returns 3
every {
 constructedWith<MockCls>(EqMatcher(4)).add(any()) // Mocks the constructor which takes an Int
} returns 4
assertEquals(2, MockCls().add(1))
assertEquals(3, MockCls("2").add(2))
assertEquals(4, MockCls(4).add(7))
verify {
 constructedWith<MockCls>().add(1)
 constructedWith<MockCls>("2").add(2)
 constructedWith<MockCls>(EqMatcher(4)).add(7)
}
Note that in this case, a prototype mock is created for every set of argument matchers passed to constructedWith.
Partial argument matching
You can mix both regular arguments and matchers:
val car = mockk<Car>()
every {
 car.recordTelemetry(
 speed = more(50),
 direction = Direction.NORTH, // here eq() is used
 lat = any(),
 long = any()
 )
} returns Outcome.RECORDED
car.recordTelemetry(60, Direction.NORTH, 51._PHONE_, 17._PHONE_)
verify { car.recordTelemetry(60, Direction.NORTH, 51._PHONE_, 17._PHONE_) }
confirmVerified(car)
Chained calls
You can stub chains of calls:
val car = mockk<Car>()
every { car.door(DoorType.FRONT_LEFT).windowState() } returns WindowState.UP
car.door(DoorType.FRONT_LEFT) // returns chained mock for Door
car.door(DoorType.FRONT_LEFT).windowState() // returns WindowState.UP
verify { car.door(DoorType.FRONT_LEFT).windowState() }
confirmVerified(car)
Note: if the function's return type is generic then the information about the actual type is gone.
To make chained calls work, additional information is required.
Most of the time the framework will catch the cast exception and do autohinting.
In the case it is explicitly required, use hint before making the next call.
every { obj.op2(1, 2).hint(Int::class).op1(3, 4) } returns 5
Hierarchical mocking
From version 1.9.1 mocks may be chained into hierarchies:
interface AddressBook {
 val contacts: List<Contact>
}
interface Contact {
 val name: String
 val telephone: String
 val address: Address
}
interface Address {
 val city: String
 val zip: String
}
val addressBook = mockk<AddressBook> {
 every { contacts } returns listOf(
 mockk {
 every { name } returns "John"
 every { telephone } returns "123-456-789"
 every { address.city } returns "New-York"
 every { address.zip } returns "123-45"
 },
 mockk {
 every { name } returns "Alex"
 every { telephone } returns "789-456-123"
 every { address } returns mockk {
 every { city } returns "Wroclaw"
 every { zip } returns "543-21"
 }
 }
 )
}
Capturing
You can capture an argument to a CapturingSlot or MutableList:
val car = mockk<Car>()
val slot = slot<Double>()
val list = mutableListOf<Double>()
every {
 car.recordTelemetry(
 speed = capture(slot), // makes mock match calls with any value for 'speed' and record it in a slot
 direction = Direction.NORTH // makes mock and capturing only match calls with specific 'direction'. Use 'any()' to match calls with any 'direction'
 )
} answers {
 println(slot.captured)
 Outcome.RECORDED
}
every {
 car.recordTelemetry(
 speed = capture(list),
 direction = Direction.SOUTH
 )
} answers {
 println(list)
 Outcome.RECORDED
}
car.recordTelemetry(speed = 15, direction = Direction.NORTH) // prints 15
car.recordTelemetry(speed = 16, direction = Direction.SOUTH) // prints 16
verify(exactly = 2) { car.recordTelemetry(speed = or(15, 16), direction = any()) }
confirmVerified(car)
Verification atLeast, atMost or exactly times
You can check the call count with the atLeast, atMost or exactly parameters:
val car = mockk<Car>(relaxed = true)
car.accelerate(fromSpeed = 10, toSpeed = 20)
car.accelerate(fromSpeed = 10, toSpeed = 30)
car.accelerate(fromSpeed = 20, toSpeed = 30)
// all pass
verify(atLeast = 3) { car.accelerate(allAny()) }
verify(atMost = 2) { car.accelerate(fromSpeed = 10, toSpeed = or(20, 30)) }
verify(exactly = 1) { car.accelerate(fromSpeed = 10, toSpeed = 20) }
verify(exactly = 0) { car.accelerate(fromSpeed = 30, toSpeed = 10) } // means no calls were performed
confirmVerified(car)
Verification order
class MockedClass {
 fun sum(a: Int, b: Int) = a + b
}
val obj = mockk<MockedClass>()
val slot = slot<Int>()
every {
 obj.sum(any(), capture(slot))
} answers {
 1 + firstArg<Int>() + slot.captured
}
obj.sum(1, 2) // returns 4
obj.sum(1, 3) // returns 5
obj.sum(2, 2) // returns 5
verifyAll {
 obj.sum(1, 3)
 obj.sum(1, 2)
 obj.sum(2, 2)
}
verifySequence {
 obj.sum(1, 2)
 obj.sum(1, 3)
 obj.sum(2, 2)
}
verifyOrder {
 obj.sum(1, 2)
 obj.sum(2, 2)
}
val obj2 = mockk<MockedClass>()
val obj3 = mockk<MockedClass>()
verify {
 listOf(obj2, obj3) wasNot Called
}
confirmVerified(obj)
Verification confirmation
To double check that all calls were verified by verify... constructs, you can use confirmVerified:
confirmVerified(mock1, mock2)
It doesn't make much sense to use it for verifySequence and verifyAll, as these verification methods already exhaustively cover all calls with verification.
It will throw an exception if there are some calls left without verification.
Some calls can be excluded from this confirmation, check the next section for more details.
val car = mockk<Car>()
every { car.drive(Direction.NORTH) } returns Outcome.OK
every { car.drive(Direction.SOUTH) } returns Outcome.OK
car.drive(Direction.NORTH) // returns


text:
The Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center came about as the result of efforts started in the early 1960's to consider the need for a national program of human nutrition research. Such a need was addressed by Senator Milton Young of North Dakota in a 1963 report he submitted to the U.S. Congress. That report, prepared by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, outlined the need for an expanded national research program in human nutrition and proposed to establish three regional research laboratories each near a medical school: one each in the North Central, Southeast and Southwest United States.
The Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center was the only laboratory established under the original concept of that report; it was established as a field station of the Vitamins and Minerals Laboratory of the ARS Human Nutrition Division in Beltsville, MD. Planning for the Grand Forks facility began in 1966; the actual construction began in 1969 on land provided by the State of North Dakota. The building, located immediately adjacent to University of North Dakota campus, was completed in September, 1970. Modest by today's standards, the original building consisted of five research laboratories and an austere 8-bed metabolic ward. The facility was dedicated with a scientific symposium entitled "Newer Trace Elements in Nutrition."
In 1972, the Grand Forks facility was designated a Human Nutrition Research Laboratory of the ARS North Central Region. In 1976, the laboratory's capabilities were expanded beyond research with experimental animals with the inauguration of an active clinical nutrition research program. In 1977, the laboratory was designated the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The paper mulberry tree can nourish itself and the surrounding soil. A genome study of the paper mulberry has revealed the tree evolved its fibrous inner bark around 31 million years ago, which was long before it was first used for bookmaking during China's Tang dynasty. This adaptation makes the plant easy to pass through foraging animals and may have been its way of feeding nearby soil microbes, according to a team of botanists in China.
The research team used a technique known as comparative genetics and discovered that the paper mulberry tree also develops a complex set of flavonoids. The compounds help a plant's roots attract nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Rhizobia, which boost growth in the leaves and stems. This enables the paper mulberry to adapt to a wide range of environments.The paper mulberry tree can nourish itself and the surrounding soil
"The unique traits of paper mulberry are consistent with the ancient Chinese philosophy of mutual promotion and restraint, suggesting that paper mulberry is a very complex and remarkable tree species," wrote the researchers, who were led by Shihua Shen from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. "Both humans and livestock can benefit from the symbiosis of paper mulberry and microbes."
The paper mulberry tree was found to have over 30,000 genes. Native to Asia, the unique tree has a long history of applications. For example, the bark of paper mulberry is the main raw material of Cai Lun papermaking, one of the four great inventions in ancient China. In addition, the tree's leaves are the raw materials for high-quality protein feed.
"The paper mulberry is a very important multi-purpose resource plant," said Shen. "However, the lack of systematic research and artificial domestication hinder the development and utilization of plant, which is far behind other economic crops. We hope that this study will promote the breeding of new paper mulberry strains with higher yield and high quality."
The study is published in the journal Molecular Plant.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


How Much Exercise Does a Horse Need?
American Paint Horse
Horses that are part of a herd and have a large pasture area will move around in order to find good grazing. Along with the benefits of moving and grazing, horses are able to socialize with each other.
In the wild horses will cover many miles, searching out new feeding grounds and water. They are assured lots of exercise in their travels.
Horses that graze alone usually remain in one small area without moving much. Horses need to move a lot for their health. Movement keeps blood and lymphatic fluid circulating in the legs. Horses that don't move enough, but stand still too much can develop what is called "filled legs." This means the lower parts of the legs fill with fluid which is usually corrected with exercise.
The best exercise for a horse is a slow steady movement which they do while grazing. Occasionally, they will break into a run, also good for them and it seems they get such pleasure out of it.
You can encourage your horse to move about by spreading hay over a wide area and placing the water on an opposite side. This forces the horse to move.
While grazing with other horses is an ideal situation, it is not available to everyone. Then it's up to you to see that your horse has proper exercise.
Working horses such as hunters and those that appear in shows and events need more exercise to keep fit.
If you can't exercise your horse daily, it's a good idea to hire or ask someone you trust to help out with walking your horse. Regular daily riding and/or walking keeps your horse healthy and you too.
The pasture, paddock or yard should always be checked to make sure it's safe for your horse.
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Hyper is activated by pressing Shift+Control+Alt+Windows simultaneously. In 2019, Microsoft released keyboards with an Office key, made to launch various Microsoft-proprietary programs or web pages, most programs being within their productivity suite
productivity suite
In computing, an office suite is a collection of productivity software usually containing at least a word processor, spreadsheet and a presentation program. There are many different brands and types of office suites. Popular office suites include Microsoft Office, Google Workspace and LibreOffice.
_URL_ › wiki › List_of_office_suites
Microsoft Office.
What is the hyper key used for?
A Hyper Key is a magical key which automatically presses all the standard modifiers (ctrl+shift+cmd+opt). Why would you need that? Because on macOS many of the easy to reach shortcut combinations are already used by the system or by some app.
What is the Super key?
Super key (❖) is an alternative and older name for what is commonly labelled as the Windows key or Command key on modern keyboards, typically bound and handled as such by Linux and BSD operating systems and software today. The Super key was originally a modifier key on a keyboard designed for Lisp machines at MIT.
How do I find my meta key?
1 Answer
 1. Meta. The Meta key is not found on modern keyboards. Its use is sometimes emulated with AltGr (on some international layouts) or the right Alt key on the others. …
 2. Super. The Super key is equivalent to or the ⌘ (command) key. …
 3. Hyper. Hyper is the fourth (counting Ctrl ) and last modifier on the Space cadet keyboard.
What is the Super key on Mac?
It is sometimes called the Windows key or system key. If you have an Apple keyboard, you will have a ⌘ (Command) key instead of the Windows key, while Chromebooks have a magnifying glass instead.
What button is Meta?
The meta key is a key on some keyboards, normally located next to the spacebar, that performs special functions when combined with another key. It originated on keyboards for Lisp computers in the 1960s, and its use continued on Sun computers where the key was marked with a diamond shape.
See also How do I change the console in Chrome?
Which is the super key?
Super key (❖) is an alternative and older name for what is commonly labelled as the Windows key or Command key on modern keyboards, typically bound and handled as such by Linux and BSD operating systems and software today.
How many Super keys are possible?
The possible number of superkeys is 2(n-k).
How do I find my Super key?
Super key is a single key or a group of multiple keys that can uniquely identify tuples in a table. Super Key can contain multiple attributes that might not be able to independently identify tuples in a table, but when grouped with certain keys, they can identify tuples uniquely.
What is M key on Mac?
What is the Meta Key ? The Meta Key (denoted as M or Meta ) is a modifier key which mean it temporarily modify the normal action of another key when pressed together. Common modifier keys are shift , alt , or control .
Where is the Alt key on a Mac?
Alt key. On North American Mac keyboards, a key on the bottom row is labeled both Alt and Option. This is the closest thing the Mac offers to the Windows Alt key. In many situations, keyboard shortcuts that involve the Alt key in Windows use the Option key on the Mac.
How do I shutdown a Mac shortcut?
Control–Option–Command–Power button* or Control–Option–Command–Media Eject : Quit all apps, then shut down your Mac.
How do you type on a Mac with a Windows keyboard?
How to use a Mac keyboard on Windows
 1. Download and install driver. Download the unofficial Mac keyboard layout Zip file. …
 2. Assign the keyboard. You now have to assign the keyboard to your computer. …
 3. Map missing keys. …
 4. Compile the script. …
 5. Fix other applications.
What is meta Z?
Introduction. MetaZ is an mp4 meta-data editor for macOS. It started its life when another great meta-data editor MetaX stopped getting updated, some of the web-services it used changed in ways that broke functionality and it had some really anoying (to us at least) little missing things like no proper window resizing.
See also What is reverse hiring?
Can super key be null?
The attributes of the super key can have NULL values. The attributes of the candidate can also have NULL values.
How do I find my super key?
This key can usually be found on the bottom-left of your keyboard, next to the Alt key, and usually has a Windows logo on it. It is sometimes called the Windows key or system key.
How do you know if you are a super key?
The way to find them is simply by mashing A with all possible combinations of the non-key attributes. So your superkeys would be A, AB, AC, AD, ABC, ABD, ACD, ABCD .
How do I restart my Mac without a mouse?
Control–Power button* or Control–Media Eject : Display a dialog asking whether you want to restart, sleep, or shut down. Control–Command–Power button:* Force your Mac to restart, without prompting to save any open and unsaved documents. Control–Command–Media Eject : Quit all apps, then restart your Mac.
How do you turn on a Mac without the power button?
What do I do if my Mac has no power button? If your Mac does not appear to have a power button, it may be a newer model. Press and hold the Touch ID sensor, which is the upper-rightmost "key" on the keyboard. On Touch Bar compatible MacBooks, it is at the very right side of the Touch Bar.
How do you force quit a Mac?
Press these three keys together: Option, Command, and Esc (Escape). Or choose Force Quit from the Apple menu  in the upper-left corner of your screen. (This is similar to pressing Control-Alt-Delete on a PC.) Then select the app in the Force Quit window and click Force Quit.
See also Is Free Fire popular in USA?
How do I reset a Mac Air?
Turn on your Mac and immediately press and hold these four keys together: Option, Command, P, and R. Release the keys after about 20 seconds. This clears user settings from memory and restores certain security features that might have been altered.
Akito use Ultraman Ribut Hyper Key! Darrgon's Death!
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Kindle 3, quality, and time
Two things about the Kindle 3 have been trapezing through my head and this post is the only way to tie them together –
 1. Amazon spent 3 years before the release of the Kindle working on it and it's been 2.75 years since it was released. This is courtesy the Charlie Rose show with Amazon's CEO. That's nearly 6 years and Kindle 3 is the outcome of all that effort.
 2. Someone at Pixar mentioned in an article that 'Pixar movies don't get finished they just get released'.
Is there a relationship between time and thought put into a product and its quality? Is the Kindle 3 an example of that?
Let's start with the first.
Are Quality of a Product and Time taken to produce it interwoven?
Outliers and Talent is Overrated and other books talk a lot about how it takes 10,000 hours of deliberate practice to master a skill and become an expert. They also say that this usually takes a period of 10 years. What about applying that expert skill set (perhaps along with dozens or even hundreds of other people's expert skill sets) to produce a masterpiece?
How long does it take to produce a masterpiece? Is it of the order of 10,000 hours or 10 years (just like mastering a skill)?
If we look around us we get a very interesting range of timelines –
 1. You could argue that a master shoemaker like Jimmy Choo is able to produce a masterpiece in a few days. However, which of those masterpieces is going to last for centuries and how long did that particular idea germinate in his mind?
 2. What about authors – How long does it take an author to create a masterpiece? Is thinking about the book included or do we just include the writing?
 3. Look at the Kindle 3 and you get the feeling the 10 year time-line seems about right – It does seem Kindle 3 is 60% of the way to perfection.
 4. If we believe Steve Jobs' claim that he conceived of the iPad and iPhone in 2000 (he says he thought of the iPad before the iPhone) we're looking at iPhone 4 as the 4th release and the culmination of 10 years of thought and work. The iPad, even in its first release, probably represents quite a few years of work – You could also argue that all the work on the iPhone transferred over.
 5. With the Internet there is a sense of it taking just a few years to create a great product. Is that true? If so, where are the great products? You could argue Google and Craigslist and Wikipedia are masterpieces – Well, they weren't exactly quick hits. They're amongst the few Internet productions that are near masterpiece quality in impact.
 6. How long does it take to make a great movie? Do we include the script? Do we include time taken to write the book if it's based on a book?
 7. What about sports? If we watch a performance and consider it one of the greatest ever (let's say Roger Bannister breaking the 4 minute mile mark) do we count just those 3 minutes and 59.4 seconds or do we also count all the training put into it.
The one thing we notice is that, except for the shoe-making example, masterpieces seem to be taking multiple years to produce – usually 5 to 10. You could argue that even with shoemaking a truly innovative design or breakthrough probably takes multiple years to conceive and develop.
Are the Kindle and the Nook on their way to being masterpieces?
There are things about the Nook and Sony Reader that drive users mad – for the Nook it's the awkward LCD touchscreen and for the Sony it's the lack of thought into how the touchscreen is used. Perhaps these are just manifestations of less effort and time being put in.
It's quite likely that with time and effort Nook and Sony Reader will rival the level of polish of some of the products that you would consider masterpieces (and for the record don't think Kindle 3 is there yet).
Take the Nook – It's probably 1.5 years to 2 years worth of effort. There will obviously be far more bugs and usability issues than with the Kindle 3 which represents 6 years of effort. However, it's done a pretty good job of rivaling the Kindle. If B&N keeps pouring effort and time into it the Nook may very well be one of the two or three eReaders that survive the eReader wars.
That brings us to the Kindle and, in particular, to the Kindle 3.
How close is Kindle 3 to being a masterpiece?
There are a few things that make you feel it's really close –
 1. The improved eInk screen.
 2. The size and battery life.
 3. The price of the Kindle WiFi.
 4. The infrastructure. You could argue that WhisperNet is a year or two away from being something of undiluted beauty.
 5. The Kindle Store. The Store actually seems a little behind – perhaps halfway to where it needs to be. However, every other store is still learning to walk so the Kindle Store seems vastly better in comparison.
 6. The family sharing feature – You have to admit it's a super useful feature.
 7. The Text to speech feature and the Voice Guide.
There are definitely a lot of signs that Kindle 3 has a shot at achieving perfection and that it might do so in the next 2 to 5 years.
There are also some clear signs that it's not there yet –
 1. There's still no writing aspect. To make things worse Kindle 3 doesn't have a row of number keys. If we're going to replace paper with Kindle we need to be able to write on the Kindle.
 2. It's dependent on eInk (the company). Which means no color and no touch. Perhaps Qualcomm Mirasol will solve this problem.
 3. There's too much of a tendency to do bit releases. Whether its PDF support or accessibility you get the feeling Amazon prefers to release experimental features and then build on them. Not sure if this gets in the way of quality or whether it helps by providing quicker feedback.
There are lots of other small signs that we aren't there yet. You could argue that the price could be a little lower and while it's unfair given how recently we were at $299 it's valid from a long-term perspective.
What could stop Kindle from becoming a masterpiece? Could another eReader beat it and get there first?
In a way Kindle 3 illustrates both that the Kindle is likely to get to perfection first and that it isn't yet a done deal.
Kindle might not be the first eReader to reach this imaginary 'masterpiece' designation because it's dependent on eInk and copying takes far less time than conceiving and creating a completely new product. Look at the first Nook – It took almost every single Kindle pain point and incorporated it in. That along with the dual screen design allowed Nook to be a worthy challenger. At any given time a Kindle, for example the current Kindle 3, has only a 6-9 month window before all the best ideas are copied and replicated and a solid competitor shows up.
If the competitor is also using its own strengths i.e. library books, ePub, etc. then it becomes easier for it to make up for the additional time and effort put into the Kindle. Fundamentally, the need to keep Kindle ebook revenue intact slows down the Kindle's progress towards perfection. At some point of time the Kindle will have to let go of the ebook revenue stream if it really wants to create the absolutely perfect eReader (let go = let readers decide).
The two ways Kindle could miss
At the moment there isn't anything that could stop the Kindle from becoming a masterpiece except the death of dedicated eReaders. Since that's looking less and less likely we can look forward to seeing some truly exceptional eReaders in the future.
There's another risk – It is possible that the Kindle gets 90% of the way there and then another eReader copies most of the good, adds in the few missing features (that Amazon won't add since it wants to preserve its ebook revenue stream), and hits perfection before the Kindle does.
It'll be interesting to see what Amazon decides if it's faced with that decision – Would it give up the ebook revenue stream to ensure its the first perfect eReader? Would it hang on to ebook revenue and find another way to reach perfection? Would it value its two profitable revenue streams more than making the Kindle perfect?
You could look at the Kindle 3 and see it as a sign the Kindle is well on its way to being a masterpiece. However, the ending of the story hasn't yet been written.
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Rohingya language
Rohingya Language
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Rohingya language
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Rohingya (Ruáingga) is a language spoken by the Rohingya people of Arakan (Rakhine), Burma (Myanmar). It is smiliar to the Chittagonian language spoken in the neighboring southeastern Chittagong Division of Bangladesh..
Various writing systems are used, including Arabic, Urdu, Hanifi-Script and Burmese, and the newer Rohingyalish, based on the Roman alphabet.
Written in Arabic script, the first Rohingya language texts are more than 300 years old. While Arakan was under British rule (1826–1948), the Rohingya people used mainly English and Urdu for written communication. Since independence in 1948, Burmese has been used in all official communications. Since the early 1960s, Rohingya scholars have started to realize the need for a writing system suited to their own language.
Molana Hanif and his colleagues developed a new set of right-to-left oriented characters based mainly on Arabic script, with a few borrowings from Roman and Burmese. This approach was an improvement and was appreciated by Rohingya Islamic scholars, used to studying in Arabic and Urdu. However, the new script was criticized because the characters were very similar to each other, requiring longer...
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Check Up on Your Personal Server With Ease
Introduction: Check Up on Your Personal Server With Ease
Your on your computer, flirting with some "girl" on MSN, when you realize that your server might blow up any second. Luckily you can press a simple button on your monitor and save the world. (Worse case, not getting laid scenario)
All that aside, lets get started.
If you have a personal FTP server, or any other kind of server, and you wish to check it without VNC, there is a simple fix. Your monitor.
Teacher Notes
Teachers! Did you use this instructable in your classroom?
Add a Teacher Note to share how you incorporated it into your lesson.
Step 1: You Will Need:
You will need:
Two video cables, DVI or VGA, doesn't matter
A monitor that can support two inputs
A finger
A brain
Step 2: Hook Up the Cables
Now, connect the two cables. This is pretty simple, if you need any more explanation, call your doctor, you have a medical problem.
(pardon the blurry image, I sneezed when I took this picture)
Step 3: Look for and Press the "inputs" Button
On your monitor, you should see a button that mentions "inputs"
Press it until you are seeing your server screen
(I Suggest arranging your server programs, (If they're all daemons, try to find a GUI for it) So that when you flip to your server screen you can see all the critical programs running, and any debugging tools.
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 6 Discussions
 0
 DrCoolSanta
 DrCoolSanta
 10 years ago on Introduction
 Sounds pretty lame, what could be a use for this? Please be specific as to what you mean by "blow up any second"
 Switching the video doesn't really serve the purpose, since there is no method to direct input to the computer. In that case a KVM might be a better option.
 Most people who would require a personal server would be running BSD or linux in text mode... Even I do, and just using SSH to do the job seems like a much better option in that case. Apart from that, I had programmed a web interface for the usual tasks earlier, and if you can do that, it only takes 5 minutes and imo thats a better way than just switching video?
 Also people like me, who keep the server in an isolated room and the house is on wifi, this is just not feasible.
 Its a decent instructable, not exactly useful since I can't really think of a suitable audience... IMO this is only a showcase of a specific feature.
 0
 keastes
 keastes
 Reply 10 years ago on Introduction
 i would have to agree either KVM or SSH, o9r if you really need a GUI: RDP
 0
 DrCoolSanta
 DrCoolSanta
 Reply 10 years ago on Introduction
 Yeah, we've been using xrdp on a linux cluster so that the windows users can connect to it without requiring VNC.
 Unlike VNC, xrdp even works if the runlevel isn't the graphic one.
 0
 Ha4xor4life
 Ha4xor4life
 Reply 10 years ago on Introduction
 I think i should change the name, i really mean "Just check up on it" meaning to see if everything is running smoothly. If you see something wrong, like a database table error, then you could take further action.
 0
 DrCoolSanta
 DrCoolSanta
 Reply 10 years ago on Introduction
 I'd help you if I could come up with something better myself :D


text:
Columbine Elementary students are going to get a lot more hands-on experience growing veggies and flowers, thanks to a greenhouse that will make the growing season match the school year.
Parents at the Boulder school spent five years raising almost $30,000 to buy the greenhouse for the school's garden-to-table program. A team of about 30 parents and community members, plus two supervisors from the greenhouse company, spent four days earlier this month building the greenhouse, and an open house was Friday.
"It will be a hands-on education lab," said Micah Parkin, a Columbine PTA member who led the greenhouse project. "Kids can do art and math and science. It's also so important that children are aware of where food comes from. It's a great way to get kids really excited about healthy food."
Columbine already has outdoor garden beds built with the help of the Growe Foundation, which provides seeds, plants and curriculum for teachers. But, with Colorado's short growing season, the school was limited to involving students in the garden in the fall and spring.
The only other Boulder Valley school that has a greenhouse is the Arapahoe Campus, which uses it for its high school greenhouse and urban agriculture programs. Parkin said she's hoping the project will serve as a model for other schools.
Columbine's greenhouse is a 33-foot-diameter geodesic dome — the shape is created by triangles — from a company called Growing Spaces.
A large, above-ground pond captures the heat from the sun, acting as a battery to keep the greenhouse warm overnight and regulating the heat on hot days. The greenhouse is "off the grid" with automatic vents for cooling, solar-powered fans and LED motion-sensor lighting.
Parents also raised money to create a new memorial to a former student, Natasha Pettus, who died in an apartment fire in 1988 at the age of 12. The original was lost when the school was rebuilt a couple of years ago.
Money came from Columbine Elementary families, staff and community members, as well as Whole Foods Market, Growing Spaces, ReSource Boulder, the Maxwell Family Fund, Morningstar Homes, Skycastle Construction, Green Roofs of Colorado, Western Disposal, Boulder Family Resource Schools, and Boulder Valley facilities.
"The community really came together," said Steve Cavanaugh, program manager at ReSource Boulder and one of the greenhouse volunteers. "There were a lot of hands involved in this project."
This week, the 24 students in the school's garden club checked out the new greenhouse and, using their feet, helped mix sand, clay, straw and water into "cob" to build raised beds.
"It's definitely warm in there," said kindergartner Max Wood as he braved the cold outside to help sift rocks out of a pile of sand. "We can grow food for our kitchen. I want to grow every vegetable. I like lots of them."
Students said they're excited to stock the pond with goldfish and start planting the themed gardens — a South American salsa garden, a pizza garden, an African garden, an Asian garden and a Native American "three sisters" garden with squash, corn and beans.
Once the greenhouse is planted, Growing Gardens educators will teach classes to Columbine students on seeds, edible parts of plants, life cycles, aquaponics, gardening for health and greenhouse growing design and planting.
Haven Nasif, a fourth-grader, called the greenhouse "a really big accomplishment."
"It's a really fun way to grow your own food," she said.
Contact Camera Staff Writer Amy Bounds at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_.


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Pasco EcoZone System
(We have 4 of these available, but because of demand and scheduling, all may not be available at once.)
The EcoZone System was designed to help students understand the interactions within different ecosystems.The three clear acrylic Eco Chambers are rugged and easy to set up and clean and they are designed to accommodate Pasco sensors to allow quantitative measurement of a wide range of real-time environmental parameters.
- 3 Eco Chambers
- 1 Tray
- Misc. accessories to connect the chambers

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Sakers occupy stick nests in trees, about 15 to 20 meters above the ground, in parklands and open forests at the edge of the tree line. No one has ever observed a saker falcon building its own stick nest; they generally occupy abandoned nests of other bird species, and sometimes even drive owners from an occupied nest. In the more rugged areas of their range, sakers have been known to use nests on cliff ledges, about 8 to 50 meters above the base.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: tundra ; taiga ; forest ; scrub forest ; mountains


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The 2021 Ontario Economic Report is Here!
This week, the Ontario Chamber of Commerce (OCC) released the fifth annual Ontario Economic Report (OER), providing the latest data on Ontario's economy and business confidence, highlighting the unprecedented year that was 2020 and the unpredictability that lies in the year ahead.
Key highlights include:
- Ontario witnessed a steep decline in real GDP growth (-5.6 percent) in 2020 but is projected to see a moderate rebound of 4.8 percent in 2021, fuelled largely in part by expectations for vaccination rollout and the eventual re-opening of the economy.
- In 2020, only 21 percent of survey respondents expressed confidence in Ontario's economic outlook. Less than half of Ontario businesses (48 percent) are confident in the outlook of their own organizations over the next year. o Small businesses are more pessimistic about Ontario's outlook than larger ones. Only 20 percent of small businesses expressed confidence in Ontario's economy, compared to 27 percent of medium and large businesses.
- The majority (58 percent) of survey respondents said their organizations shrank between April and September, while only 17 percent grew.
- Employment growth declined throughout the province in 2020, with 47 percent of organizations indicating they let employees go due to COVID-19.
- Sectors most negatively impacted by the crisis included: accommodation and food services; arts, entertainment, and recreation; and retail. Businesses in these sectors were among those most pessimistic about the economic outlook and most likely to have shrunk and let go of staff in 2020.
- Businesses' priorities for governments during economic recovery included enhancing access to capital, reforming business taxes, encouraging Ontarians to buy local, and investing in broadband infrastructure.
Muskoka-Kawartha Economic Region Highlight:
- 2020 Employment data shows far fewer job losses in Muskoka-Kawarthas than other regions in 2020 (change in employment was -0.9 percent in Muskoka-Kawarthas and -4.9 percent across Ontario).
- Survey respondents in the Muskoka-Kawartha region indicate that 48% have let staff go while 42% experienced change and 10% have or plan to hire.
Muskoka-Kawarthas region is projected to have a lower jobless rate of 7.3% in 2021 compared to 9.2% in 2020.
- The rate of change in employment is projected to be higher at 4% compared to the 0.9% experienced in 2020.
- The region is also projected to have a lower population growth rate of 0.9% compared to the 1.1% recorded in 2020.
- 50% surveyed businesses in the Muskoka-Kawartha region felt the community provided enough economic activity for their business to thrive, while 37% did not feel they could thrive.
This years report is interactive and includes information from recent OCC Member Surveys as well as economic forecasting.
Looking to 2021
No business, region, sector, or demographic should be left behind in the pursuit of economic recovery and growth. Support programs and pro-growth policies should be targeted towards those experiencing the most pronounced challenges. A focus on reskilling as well as widespread access to broadband infrastructure and capital will be necessary to the revival of small business and entrepreneurship as well as an inclusive and robust economic recovery.


XElement.Value Property
Definition
Gets or sets the concatenated text contents of this element.
public:
 property System::String ^ Value { System::String ^ get(); void set(System::String ^ value); };
public string Value { get; set; }
member this.Value : string with get, set
Public Property Value As String
Property Value
A String that contains all of the text content of this element. If there are multiple text nodes, they will be concatenated.
Examples
The following example uses this property to retrieve the text of an element with mixed content.
XElement el = XElement.Parse("<Root>This is mixed content</Root>");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", el.Value);
Dim el As XElement = <Root>This is mixed content</Root>
Console.WriteLine("{0}", el.Value)
This example produces the following output:
This is mixed content
Remarks
Using this property, you can get or set the value of an element.
Setting this property will raise the Changed and the Changing events.
If you want to get the value of an element but you are not sure that it exists, it is more convenient to use the explicit conversion operators, and assign the element to a nullable type such as string or Nullable<T> of Int32. If the element does not exist, the nullable type is set to null. By contrast, if you want to use this property, you must make sure that the Element method does not return null before you access this property.
Applies to
See also


An Overview To Buying Gold Paydirt
An Overview To Buying Gold Paydirt
- in Collectibles
Comments Off on An Overview To Buying Gold Paydirt
In the mining industry, people can find mining terms. Paydirt is one of the famous mining terms. It refers to dirt that contains sufficient minerals in it. Therefore, it is worth mining. When paying for gold dirt, you risk. It might be a profitable or loss-making venture. Here are the things you must know if you want to buy a gold paydirt.
The Minerals Present
Before you pay for minerals, ensure you assess it. People should identify dirt in the mining field that is likely to produce a significant amount of minerals.
The Price
Anyone selling gold ores will demand a significant amount of money. But if you do not want to risk your money. Choose an affordable one.
The Size of Gold minerals
The bigger the gold ore you buy, the more the number of gold ores you might get. Thus, choose large fields of gold ores.
People who want gold ore can consider buying gold ores. Who knows? They might come up with many minerals and make a significant profit.
You may also like
Making Sustainable Women's Slippers
With over 300 million pairs of shoes being


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Top 4 Reasons Why Organizations Use Data Lineage
As we all know, reliable data is critical to drive improved decision making and processes in every aspect of the business, from sales to HR. However, this information is only valuable if stakeholders are confident that it is accurate, as only high-quality data can generate useful insights. With the help of data lineage, you can view data changes caused by data migration, system updates, errors, etc., to ensure the integrity of data throughout the life cycle. That's the reasons why organizations use data lineage.
Why Do Organizations Use Data Lineage?
Data lineage documents the relationships between enterprise data in a variety of business and IT applications. Details include:
- Where the data is located and how it is stored in an environment, such as on-premises, a data warehouse, or a data lake.
- How the data is used and who is responsible for updating, using and changing the data. This also includes roles and applications that have access to specific parts of sensitive data (e.g. personally identifiable information, PII).
- Track data generated, uploaded, and changed by business users and applications. For example, it could be adding contacts to a customer relationship management (CRM) system, or it could be data transformation, such as deduplication of records.
- Data created and integrated from different parts of an organization, such as network hardware and servers.
How data lineage works?
Metadata allows users of data lineage tools to fully understand how data flows in the data pipeline. Metadata is "data about data" and includes various information about the data asset, such as type, format, structure, creator/creation date, modification date, and document size. Data lineage tools provide a comprehensive view of the metadata that guides users in determining how useful the data is.
In recent years, the way we store and utilize data has continued to evolve with the development of big data. Enterprises are increasingly investing in data science to drive decision making and business outcomes. However, in order to build a good analysis, they need to use data lineage tools and data catalogs for data discovery and data mapping exercises.
While data lineage tools show how data has changed over time through metadata, the data catalog uses the same information to create a searchable inventory of all data assets in an organization. They both allow data citizens to understand the importance of different data elements for a given outcome, which is the basis for developing any machine learning algorithm.
Data Lineage vs. Data Provenance vs. Data Governance
Data lineage, data provenance, and data governance are closely related and inseparable terms. Together, they ensure that organizations can maintain data quality and data security on an ongoing basis.
Data governance creates structure within an organization to manage data assets by defining data owners, business terms, rules, policies, and processes throughout the data lifecycle. A data lineage solution helps data governance teams ensure data conforms to these standards, giving you a complete picture of how data is changing in your pipeline. Data provenance is often used in the context of data lineage, but the former refers specifically to the first instance or source of data.
Data lineage provides a fine-grained level of audit trail for data; this level of detail helps debug any data errors, enabling data engineers to troubleshoot more efficiently and determine solutions faster. While the scope of data governance is broader than data lineage and data provenance, this aspect of data governance is important for enforcing organizational standards.
Thank you for reading our article and we hope it can help you to have a better understanding of the reaons why organizations use data lineage. If you want to learn more about data lineage, we would like to advise you to visit Gudu SQLFlow for more information.
As one of the best data lineage tools available on the market today, Gudu SQLFlow can not only analyze SQL script files, obtain data lineage, and perform visual display, but also allow users to provide data lineage in CSV format and perform visual display. (Published by Ryan on Jul 31, 2022)


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Temperatures of about 20 000°K with ion densities ranging from 1017 to 1018 cm−3 have been produced in helium by means of explosive‐driven shocks. Helium was used because of its relatively simple structure, but this choice eliminated usual shock methods because of the high sound speed and high ionization potential. Shock waves having sufficient strength and planarity were obtained by reflecting against a glass plate initially strong shock waves produced by high explosives. Equilibrium calculations based on smear camera velocities of accurately plane shocks were used to determine the state of the gas behind the reflected shock wave.
The light emitted consisted of a continuum on which were superimposed shifted and broadened lines of the normal helium spectrum and forbidden lines as well. Time‐resolved spectrograms showed evidence of a measurable relaxation time at the shock front but no evidence of significant radiative cooling of the gas behind the shock.
Under the conditions of these experiments, it was demonstrated that a quantitative prediction of the behavior of the helium states with principal quantum numbers 2, 3, and 4 requires consideration of the effects of electrons as well as ions.


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Welcome to the website of the Clinimetrics group of the VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam
Clinimetrics is a methodological discipline with a focus on the quality of measurements in medical research and clinical practice. The quality of measurements includes both the quality of the measurement instruments and the quality of the performance of the actual measurements
The clinimetrics group consists of a group of excellent and very active researchers in the field of Clinimetrics. Their activities are embedded in the Knowledgecenter Measurement Instruments of the VU University Medical Center, and in the Section Measurement of the Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Vu University Medical Center, Amsterdam. The Clinimetrics group was founded in 2002 with the appointment of Henrica C.W. de Vet as Professor in Clinimetrics.
The Clinimetrics group has the following objectives:


Connecting to data in another Google Sheet
Now that you know how to combine multiple spreadsheets into one by linking data within the same sheet, let's learn to link data between two Google Sheets.
Use the IMPORTRANGE function, which looks like this:
The formula requires two variables:
 - The URL of the spreadsheet you want to pull data from. Copy this from the address bar of the sheet you're pulling data from and enclose it in quotes.
 - The sheet name and range (also enclosed in quotes) using similar syntax we saw back in the Cell-By-Cell reference section. You'll likely see a reference error, so you'll need to grant access to the current sheet.
Once you click Allow access (assuming you own both sheets or have edit access to both), the data gets pulled into the sheet:
The changes in the linked sheet eventually get updated (not instantly, but pretty close).
Importing data from another Google Sheet with Coefficient
Let's go over how Coefficient can help you combine multiple spreadsheets into one using an easier and more streamlined process.
Open the Google Sheets Add-ons menu, click Coefficient: Salesforce, Hubspot Data Connector, then Launch.
Click Import Data on the Coefficient pane.
Then, select Google Sheet.
Choosing google sheets
Choose any Google Sheet you want from your Google Drive or other documents you have shared access to.
For this example, let's pull up the same User Subscriptions list we used in the previous steps and click Select.
Coefficient takes a few seconds to access the data and read the column information. You'll then see an import panel and the option to filter the data as it comes in.
Import from a google sheet to a google sheet
For this example, add a filter for subscription numbers greater than 1025. You could use this to filter out inactive subscriptions or those with more than a certain number of users. Doing this with Coefficient is faster and simpler than the manual process on Google Sheets.
Once you're done, click Import.
Import Button
There you have it. Coefficient imports your data almost instantly, and you don't even need to deal with functions and formulas throughout the entire process.
So maybe now you're wondering, "How can I get Google Sheets to auto-update a reference to another sheet?
Coefficient has you covered since it lets you automatically refresh that data on a schedule, so you won't need to do it painstakingly and manually.
The IMPORTRANGE solution allows you to import entire columns at once, but you'll need to specify bounds for it or it will disrupt your dataset if your data moves too much.
Also, IMPORTRANGE doesn't offer a built-in way to filter data, so you'll need to do this separately.
Coefficient takes care of both problems for you by building the filter into the import, including importing any populated rows or columns seamlessly.
Another benefit to using Coefficient is when you want to generate reports for your presentations and don't want your data to be updated in real-time.
Your data gets automatically updated when you use the IMPORTRANGE function, and it happens as soon as the source spreadsheet data is changed.
This means that if you're preparing a presentation from a live document, you would need to either create a copy or the owner needs to stop updating the file while you finish your task.
You can already guess the confusion and disruption that can happen when many people work on the same document at the same time.
However, Coefficient can sync on demand, saving you from these challenges. You can do a final sync and then prepare your presentation materials without the source data changing or the linked tables getting rewritten and blowing up your spreadsheet in the process.
The methods introduced in this guide helps you streamline the process of linking spreadsheet data between multiple Google Sheets.
As you link multiple Google Sheets together, allowing the files to interact with each other automatically, you can increase your productivity and the accuracy of your data.
With the amount of stress, frustration, and manpower expense you'll shave off by automating the process of linking your sheets, you can focus on running your business better.
Try Coefficient for free today!


Person:John Phelps (37)
m. ABT 1801
 1. Joseph Hiram PHELPS, [PS]_PHONE_ -
 2. Louise PHELPS, [PD]1806 -
 3. Eliza Hier PHELPS1808 - 1885
 4. Maria PHELPS1817 - 1851
 5. William Lacy PHELPS1825 - 1860
 6. Thomas Root PHELPS1827 - 1905
 7. John PHELPS, [TS]_PHONE_ -
Facts and Events
Name[1] John PHELPS, [TS]
Gender Male
Birth[1] _PHONE_
Place holder for a son found in the entry for "Stephen Philips" in East Bethlehem in 1840. Age is shown as 5-10, so he would have been born in the early 1830s.
The name here is a real long shot, and is based solely on finding a John Phelps, b. PA age 21, in Monroe Co, by himself, working on a farm. There are no other Phelps families in the counties around Monroe Co in 1840, so he would have to have been imported from elsewhere. This county is roughly on the national road route from Washington Co, PA to Muskingum Co, OH. I am lowering the confidence to "tentative" because of this.
 1. 1.0 1.1 Source (147).


GaoGaiGar-Betterman Wiki
Dividing Driver
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Cleanup Go! Carpenters!
Dividing driver
Dividing Driver
The first GGG-built tool completed for GaoGaiGar's use - developed from schematics that were used in Genesic GaoGaiGar's Bolting Driver. Utilizes the power of GaoGaiGar's "holy" (Protect) left arm to energize and discharge the tool's "Dividing Core," which emits a shockwave based on "Dividing Energy" that bends material space (land, air, water, electromagnetic barriers, but not an airless environment) to create a circular "Dividing Field" of 10 kilometers in diameter from the leading edge of its target impact. (The "Dividing Field" itself is actually a paired reaction, formed of an "Arresting Field" and a "Repression Field" that expand simultaneously.) This area of bent space (kuukan) allows GaoGaiGar to fight his opponents within it without risk of collateral damage to the surrounding area.
The Dividing Field collapses after thirty minutes, restoring the area to normal; if an object of consequential size is left within the field after that time, the act of the field collapse will crush it, causing a gigantic explosion.
The Dividing Driver is easily the most oftenand creatively-used of the tools at GaoGaiGar's disposal: it has also been used to open a Zonder from inside (Episode 8); create an ocean depth-resistant "bubble" (Episode 10); open a hole in a cave ceiling (Episode 11); increase the distance between GaoGaiGar and a massive cannon shell (Episode 16); and break out of a Dividing Field-based "Klein Space" in conjunction with the Gatling Driver (Episode 46).
The Dividing Driver resembles a flat-bladed chisel mounted to a cylindrical gauntlet, creating an oversized flat-head screwdriver. It is usually launched from the Mirror Catapult on board the Triple-Decked Flying Carrier (and later Division I: Izanagi); GaoGaiGar intercepts the flight path of the tool and connects with it in midair.
As the Dividing Core within the Dividing Driver is built to be fully discharged with each use, it can only hold one use's worth of energy at a time.
In King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL, a modular version of the Dividing Driver and Gatling Driver is built for GaoFighGar's use, separating the "bit" and the Dividing Core. The Dividing Driver configuration is referred to as "Kit number 03" (Kitto numbaa zero-san) and is launched from Division VII: Tsukuyomi.
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Plot DWFx Files
You can create DWFx files (DWF and XPS) to publish your drawings on the web or across an intranet.
You can use the DWFx ePlot (XPS Compatible) plot configuration file to plot to a DWFx file. Each DWFx file can contain one or more drawing sheets.
DWFx files can be opened, viewed, and plotted by anyone using the following applications:
See Also
To plot a DWFx file


text: load, and temperature.Excessive pressure can generate heat because of motor slippage and cause the motor to exceed torque limits.Excessive speed can heat and wear bearings and other internal parts.Excessive torque can cause fatigue and stress to bearings and the motor shaft, especially on applications that require frequent motor reversing. Excessive load can create bearing and shaft fatigue. And, excessive temperature can decrease efficiency because the oil becomes thinner and can produce rapid wear because of lack of lubrication.


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PCAOB Releases 2021 Inspections Outlook and Audit Committee/Auditor Dialogue Tool
On April 6, the PCAOB released Spotlight: Staff Outlook for 2021 Inspections (2021 Outlook). This annual publication outlines areas the Board plans to focus on during the current inspection cycle. In addition, the 2021 Outlook provides an overview of changes in the inspections process, such as enhancing the unpredictability of inspections and the selection of nontraditional financial statement areas for review. The PCAOB also explains how inspections will address COVID-19 financial reporting and audit risks. The Board simultaneously released a separate document to assist audit committees in discussing inspection issues with their auditor. Audit Committee Resource: 2021 Inspections Outlook suggests questions related to the 2021 inspection focus areas that "audit committees—at their discretion—could use to further engage with their auditors."
Staff Outlook for 2021 Inspections
The Board's 2021 inspection plan has two primary objectives: to respond to the financial reporting and audit risks posed by COVID-19 and to reduce the predictability of inspections. As to COVID-19:
The Board plans to select audits for review in industries experiencing significant disruptions or elevated risks during the pandemic, such as transportation, entertainment, hospitality, manufacturing, certain aspects of the retail segment, and commercial real estate (including real estate investment trusts).
Inspections will focus on financial statement items and other reporting matters that have been particularly affected by the pandemic, such as impairments, going concern assessments, allowance for loan losses, and increased risk of fraud.
As to predictability:
The Board intends to significantly increase the percentage of audits select randomly (rather than based on audit risk or difficulty), especially for the largest accounting firms.
Inspectors will select accounts that have not traditionally been addressed for review. Since the Board has historically focused on the financial statement aspects that are the most challenging to audit, this apparently means that in 2021 inspections will concentrate on lower-risk, more routine accounts. The Board adds that it "will, of course, also continue to target areas that we believe pose higher risks of material misstatement in particular audits, or that are the subject of recurring audit deficiencies."
In addition to these process changes, in 2021 the Board plans to place emphasis on these topics:
Audit areas with continued deficiencies. The 2021 Outlook identifies revenue, accounting estimates, internal control over financial reporting, and independence as audit areas with recurring deficiencies and opportunities for improvement. In this context, the inspectors will also focus on audit firm procedures to identify and remediate audit deficiencies.
Firms' quality control systems. The Board plans to review audit firm quality control systems "as part of our goal to move towards a more preventative regulatory approach." In addition, continuing the approach taken in 2020, inspections will include quality control areas likely to be affected by COVID-19, including "leadership communications, consultation requirements, client acceptance and continuance procedures, real-time monitoring, and pre-issuance reviews."
Firm compliance with auditor independence requirements. Inspections continue to identify deficiencies that "suggest some firms may not have appropriate quality control systems in place to prevent and/or detect violations of applicable independence rules." The 2021 Outlook cites, among other things, compliance with audit committee pre-approval of non-audit services and auditor communications with the audit committee regarding independence as areas of attention.
Fraud procedures. 2021 inspections will assess how auditors identify and assess risks of material mis-statement due to fraud and how auditors design and implement audit responses to these risks. Inspectors also plan to focus on how auditors incorporate unpredictability in their selection of audit procedures.
Critical audit matters. PCAOB standards require the auditor to identify and communicate in the audit report critical audit matters (CAMs) identified in the audit. CAMs are those aspects of the audit that involved challenging, subjective, or complex auditor judgment. See More PCAOB Advice for Audit Committees on CAMs, July 2019 Update). Inspectors will review how individual engagement teams applied the CAM requirement.
Implementation of new auditing standards. New PCAOB requirements for the auditing of accounting estimates and for the auditor's use of the work of specialists took effect for audits of fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2020. The Board will review how firms implemented these new standards.
Supervision of audits involving other auditors. Inspections will assess how auditors supervised the work of other participating auditors, particularly given travel restrictions due to COVID-19.
Responding to cyber threats. If there was a cyber incident affecting a public company or broker-dealer selected for review, the inspectors will evaluate how the engagement team applied the audit firm's cyber incident guidance, including whether and how the team reevaluated its risk assessment or modified the audit to address the effects of the breach on controls.
Auditing digital assets. The inspection staff will select audits for review where transactions in digital assets are material to the financial statements and will review how the audit firm identified and assessed the risks of material misstatement, including valuation issues.
In 2020, the PCAOB invited the audit committee chairs of most U.S. public companies with audits selected for inspection to speak with the inspection staff. See The PCAOB Speaks – With Audit Committee Chairs, January-February 2021 Update. The Board plans to continue this practice in 2021.
Audit Committee Resource
The new Audit Committee Resource suggests specific questions that audit committees might ask their auditor in in the areas highlighted in the 2021 Outlook. Examples of these questions are:
Auditor's risk assessments. How has the auditor assessed risks of material misstatement related to the public company's technology systems, including relevant cyber threats, and how has it addressed those potential risks?
· Firm compliance with auditor independence requirements. How can the audit committee and management assist the auditor in complying with independence requirements?
Critical audit matters. What items, if any, were considered "close calls" but ultimately not identified as a CAM by the auditor? Why were these items not determined to be CAMs?
Implementation of new auditing standards. Was the audit of the company's estimates affected by the PCAOB's new requirements?
Supervision of audits involving other auditors. Did restrictions on travel and in-person interactions create challenges for supervision and review of work performed by other auditors? If so, how were these challenges addressed?
Comment: The 2021 Outlook provides audit committees with insight into why a company's engagement may – or may not – be selected for review this year and why the inspectors may emphasize some aspects of the audit and ignore others. In addition, areas of PCAOB inspection emphasis may become areas of additional auditor focus in subsequent audits. Accordingly, audit committees may find the Audit Committee Resource publication helpful in planning discussion of the company's 2021 audit with the auditor.
The 2021 Outlook may also be helpful in evaluating the results of the 2021 inspections when they become available. One would assume that de-emphasizing high risk/high challenge engagements and financial statement areas will result in fewer inspection findings. Accordingly, the results of the 2021 inspections may not be comparable to those in prior years. Conversely, deficiencies identified in 2021 may be of particular concern if they relate to aspects of the audit that should have been relatively routine.


text: Aquadrain 20H drainage composite is a two part prefabricated sheet drain consisting of a 3-dimensional polypropylene formed dimple core covered with a woven polypropylene filter fabric bonded to one-side. The filter fabric is bonded to each dimple to minimize fabric intrusion into the core resulting from backfill pressure. The polypropylene core resists chemical attack and degradation in soil. The formed dimple core provides compressive strength and collects water for flow to drainage discharge pipes. The filter fabric allows water or other liquids to pass into the drainage core while restricting the passage of soil particles.


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Etymological Meaning of the Bird of Paradise Flower
All five different Bird of Paradise flowers get grouped together under the Strelitzia scientific name. While the common name comes from the bird-like appearance of the bloom, the scientific name is drawn from Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She was married to King George III when the flower was first imported into Great Britain, so the royal gardener named it after her. It's also more commonly called the crane flower in its native home.
Symbolism of the Bird of Paradise Flower
The Bird of Paradise symbolizes many different meanings because it's such an exotic and unusual flower. Everyone that encountered it developed their own idea of the bloom as a symbol. As a native lily from South Africa, freedom and beauty are the two traditional meanings that stand out the most. The Bird of Paradise also means a royalty lineage or bearing due to its association with ruling families. The sheer beauty of the contrasting petals makes it an obvious symbol of excellence and success. It's not commonly used as a birth flower, but it is the floral gift given for the 9th wedding anniversary since the Bird of Paradise is reminiscent of faithfulness. As one of the largest individual blooms used for arranging, it's usually used in the center with clusters of smaller matching flowers to make a statement.
Bird of Paradise Flower Colour Meanings
Since all the Bird of Paradise varieties feature different sets of two contrasting colors, the contrast has more meaning than the specific colors. The look created by combining bright orange and purple or gold and dark blue petals truly makes the flower look alive and like a bird about to take off from the plant's stem. All five varieties sport bright colors rather than muted or pale tones, adding passion and energy to the symbolism behind them.
Meaningful Botanical Characteristics of the Bird of Paradise Flower
While they respond well to being kept in a greenhouse or other humid and warm environment, there is still relatively little breeding of Bird of Paradise plants to produce new varieties. All five types currently available developed in the wild on their own. These plants usually rely on nectar-feeding sunbirds for pollination, so professionals and hobbyists that want to breed their own flowers must do the delicate work themselves with special tools. A few plants that share the same name with the Bird of Paradise are used for medicinal purposes, but the true version is poisonous and offers no medicinal or edible value. The unscented plant also produces no oils or absolutes for perfume formulation.
Special Occasions for the Bird of Paradise Flowers
Wondering when to splurge on a big Bird of Paradise as a gift for someone else? Stick with an appropriate occasion like:
- Birthdays, especially for adults that already have everything else
- Congratulating someone on a promotion, graduation, or other success
- Celebrating the handling of a sticky situation in a graceful way
- Birth and relocation announcements, or any celebration of a new beginning
- Farewell parties for people departing on long trips
The Bird of Paradise Flower's Message Is…
Stay open to new possibilities and seek your freedom wherever you can find it. Explore the world with a sense of optimism and excitement.


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PRG set a new standard for stage automation in 1988 when it introduced the patented Stage Command™ motion control system on Phantom of the Opera. The PRG Stage Command System (SCS) gives designers and operators the reliability to execute even the most complex motion control cues with accuracy, repeatability and unparalleled attention to safety. In the ever-expanding scope of scenic and automated elements, SCS offers the clear solution for today's demanding performance environments.
The cue-based SCS software allows seamless transitions in full view of the audience and creates a world of possibilities for designers. At the core of the Stage Command System are four main components designed to work as a system or as individual products. Complete and accurate control is provided through the proprietary PRG Commander™ console; the SCS PLC Cube (Programmable Logic Controllers) provides a Go/No Go safety check prior to executing a cue; and the SCS Drive Racks house the individual drivers that send control signals to the motion effects.
Finally, the wide range of effects controlled include the SCS Winches, a standardized line of winches, and the SCS Turtle Rotator, which brings rotational motion to a wide range of scenic elements. SCS can also control motors, chain hoists, scenic deck dogs, and traveler track systems.


The matrices of malevolent ideologies: Blacks and Jews
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
2 Scopus citations
This essay aims to shed some light on the perennial tensions between Blacks and Jews in the United States. Beginning with a brief account of both racism and anti-semitism, I argue that both groups have embraced, if only unwittingly, negative stereotypes concerning the other. I then suggest an innocent confusion that came about during the Civil Rights movement. Finally, I stress the fact that each group must recognize that its suffering, however egregious, does not thereby give it such substantial insight regarding the suffering of the other group that each can understand the other without listening to the other.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)107-134
Number of pages28
JournalSocial Identities
Issue number1
StatePublished - Feb 1996
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Sociology and Political Science
Dive into the research topics of 'The matrices of malevolent ideologies: Blacks and Jews'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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Recently, a group of environmental scientists from Canada has invited people to participate in air pollution monitoring, which can be as easy as taking a walk in the forest and picking up some plants.
Air quality measurements are usually taken with complex instruments that must be placed outdoors and then analyzed to determine the chemical composition. However, there are not always enough monitoring stations to cover demand.
Fortunately, nature can provide abundant tools that collect air samples every day: one of them is moss. For this reason, scientists are asking citizens to sign up for a new project to collect these spongy mosses, also known as bryophytes, which are recognized in Canada as a biological monitoring tool.
"We don't usually notice moss, but it's everywhere and can tell us a lot about air quality," said Kayla Wilkins, a graduate researcher at the University of Trent and part of the project. " This is especially useful in remote regions of Canada, where it would be a challenge to install and maintain air pollution monitoring equipment".
Moss extracts its moisture and nutrients from the air instead of the earth. In the process, it also collects chemical contaminants from the air and stores them in its tissues for several years. This makes them natural air quality samplers.
This initiative aims to add Canada to the ICP vegetation moss biomonitoring survey, an international research project involving 50 countries to investigate the effects of air pollution on vegetation. Heavy metal pollution comes from industry and affects biodiversity as well as human health. Getting a clear picture of how widespread pollution is in a country as large as Canada would be difficult and costly without public participation, says Wilkins.


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cell cultures and plants. More than $500 million and five years are required to build a facility for mammalian cell cultures. Using plants to produce therapeutic proteins lowers facility and production costs associated with plant-made pharmaceuticals.
One of the companies developing plant-produced antibodies estimates that this production method is 25 to 100 times less expensive than cell-fermentation methods. Standard fermentation methods can produce 5 to 10 kilograms of a therapeutic antibody per year, while this company reports that it can produce 10,000 kilograms of monoclonal antibodies per year. Using plants as factories to produce therapeutic proteins also enables researchers to develop novel and complex molecular forms that could not normally be grown in mammalian cell cultures.
Because protein-producing plants require relatively little capital investment, and the costs of production and maintenance are minimal, they may provide the only economically viable option for independent production of therapeutic proteins in underdeveloped countries.


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This paper describes a novel approach for the suppression of contamination enhanced laser damage to optical
components by the use of fluorinated coatings that repel organic contaminates. In prior work we studied laser damage
thresholds induced by ppm levels of toluene under nanosecond 1.064 μm irradiation of fused silica optics. That work
showed that moderate vapor-phase concentrations (< 15%) of water and alcohols dramatically increased the laser
damage threshold. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that water and alcohols interact more favorably with the
hydroxylated silica surface thereby displacing toluene from the surface. In this work, preliminary results show that
fluorinated self assembled monolayer coatings can be used to accomplish the same effect. Optics coated with
fluorinated films have much higher survival rates compared with uncoated optics under the same conditions. In addition
to enhancing survival of laser optics, these coatings have implications for protecting spacecraft imaging optics from
We have characterized the thresholds for contamination laser induced damage (C-LID) process using toluene as a model
contaminant by varying oxygen and toluene concentrations. In the presence of 300 ppm toluene and nitrogen, the
damage threshold is (7.8 ± 1.9) × 103 laser pulses, in synthetic air the damage threshold is (18.0 ± 2.1) × 103 laser pulses.
We have found several high vapor pressure molecules that effectively inhibit the (C-LID) process and greatly extend the
lifetime of fused silica optics under high power laser irradiation. With the addition of ~4000 ppm of water, methanol or
ethanol, the lifetime exceeds 1 × 106 laser pulses with no damage observed. Possible mechanisms are discussed.
Space borne overhead non-imaging (non-focusing) infrared (ONIR) sensors require on-orbit calibration to
validate performance of sensor payloads. Typically this is accomplished by the use of ground based
observations including laser illumination of the calibrated sensor. This provides a-priori knowledge of the
laser characteristics and atmospheric propagation thereby providing the sensor operators a method for
deducing the true system level performance. Of concern is the need to avoid laser illumination of other
satellites to prevent inadvertent damage or temporary mission degradation. The complex predictive
avoidance process is necessarily bureaucratic and time-consuming due to the need to entertain the interests
of multiple stakeholders. Herein is described a method for mutual calibration of co-orbital ONIR sensors by
use of incoherent off-board illumination of a sample with known spectral reflectivity. The method will not
involve laser illumination, will be less threatening to neighboring spacecraft, and will not require predictive
Silicone materials pose a contamination control challenge because of their ubiquity in satellite hardware, the tendency of the material and its outgassed contaminants to migrate along surfaces, and the difficulty in cleaning away the residue. To devise effective mitigation strategies, accurate knowledge of the chemical identity and properties of the outgassed species is needed. This information is critical for modeling silicone outgassing deposition processes and for developing effective cleaning methods. To this end, a chemical analysis study of several common silicone materials was conducted to identify and characterize the outgassed contaminants. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and other laboratory techniques were used to identify and characterize the outgassed species. In this report, the results of this study will be discussed with a particular emphasis on comparing the outgassing properties of the species collected from these materials to DC704, which is typically used to model silicone outgassing.
Contamination-enhanced Laser Induced Damage (CLID) occurs when molecular or particulate contamination, present on or in the vicinity of an optical material, leads to accelerated laser power degradation and premature failure. The physical mechanisms that cause CLID are not sufficiently understood to predict the extent to which a contaminant will cause damage. Although standard computational methods can be used to predict the amount of contamination on an optic, the effects of those molecules or particles on laser performance has not been sufficiently quantified. This paper will describe an approach for managing CLID that relies on laboratory studies to understand the relationship between contaminant type or quantity and CLID thresholds. That insight can then be used to guide the definition of cleanliness requirements and the design of material screening tests. Initial efforts to study how mass transport, the movement of contaminants in and out of the laser beam, affects damage rates will be discussed as well.
The ability of a space-grade material to both sense and absorb molecular contamination is of great use. A series of polymer materials that both sense and absorb moisture, a contaminant detrimental to optical and space systems, has been created. The materials were prepared by introducing additives into polymers while still retaining the original properties of both the polymers and the additives. The additive acts as the contaminant absorber and sensor. Measurements to determine the amount of moisture absorption compared to other materials have been executed. The final materials were easy to fabricate and could be produced on a large scale. The materials also could easily be regenerated again for multiple uses. Development for practical applications such as a desiccant material has been carried out.
Silicones and polyolefins are versatile polymeric materials that are often used for spacecraft applications but can produce considerable amounts of non-volatile residue (NVR) contamination. Outgassing properties of a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) polyolefin tubing and GE RTV615 silicone potting, both of which are known to outgas at high levels, were characterized using ASTM E595 testing and infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy. The total mass loss (TML) values for the polyolefin tubing varied between 1.8 and 2.5%, while the collected volatile condensable material (CVCM) was between 0.7 and 1.2%. The silicone potting had somewhat lower outgassing levels, with TML values between 1.0 and 1.7% and CVCM ranging from 0.7 to 1.3%. IR analysis of the outgassed residue indicates the materials produce NVR contamination through different mechanisms. The polyolefin tubing, which was composed of a hydrocarbon co-polymer mixed with additives, disproportionately outgassed low-weight molecular compounds containing ester functional groups. In contrast, RTV615 outgassing appeared to proceed through the release of shorter chain silicone polymers or oligomers. Combining outgassing test data with the chemical characterization of NVR residue provides a better understanding of contamination processes and will contribute to the development of more efficient mitigation strategies.
Novel light scattering properties of molecular films in a "droplet" configuration are presented and discussed. The illuminated films are shown to disappear when viewed at particular angles. The phenomenon is discussed in the context of Germer's analysis of out-of-plane scattering from particles and surface micro-roughness.


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A swimming pool is 260 m long and 140 m wide. If 54600 cubic metres of water Is pumped into it, find the height of the water level in it.
Length of pool =260 m
and width =140 m.
Volume of water =54600m3
∴ Height of water =Volumelength×breadth


How Long Does E98 Last? Discover the Extraordinary Lifespan of E98 Fuel!
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E98 typically lasts for about one year when stored properly. E98, also known as Ethanol 98%, is a high-quality fuel for vehicles and small engines.
It has become increasingly popular due to its high octane rating and clean-burning properties. If stored in a cool, dry place, E98 can maintain its quality for up to one year. However, it is important to note that the lifespan of E98 can vary depending on factors such as temperature, exposure to sunlight, and the presence of contaminants.
To ensure optimal performance, it is recommended to use E98 within the recommended time frame. We will explore the factors that can affect the lifespan of E98 and provide tips on how to properly store this fuel to maximize its longevity.
Understanding The Basics Of E98 Fuel
The E98 fuel is a high-performance racing fuel that contains 98% ethanol content. It is commonly used in race cars, especially those with high-compression engines or forced induction systems. E98 fuel has gained popularity among racers due to its ability to provide more power and improved engine performance.
E98 fuel is a blend of 98% ethanol and 2% gasoline, making it a highly oxygenated fuel. This high oxygen content enhances the combustion process, allowing for better fuel efficiency and increased horsepower. Additionally, E98 fuel has a higher octane rating, which helps prevent engine knocking and allows for higher compression ratios.
When compared to other ethanol-based fuels like E10 or E85, E98 fuel offers superior energy content and can provide more power in high-performance engines. It has a lower stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, meaning it requires more fuel to mix with the air for combustion, resulting in a richer fuel mixture.
The composition and characteristics of E98 fuel make it ideal for racing applications where maximum power output is essential. However, it is important to note that E98 fuel may not be suitable for everyday vehicles due to its high ethanol content. Regular vehicles may require modifications to accommodate E98 fuel, and using it in non-racing situations may not yield significant benefits.
Factors That Influence The Longevity Of E98 Fuel
Fuel longevity is a crucial consideration for those using E98 fuel. Several factors can influence how long E98 fuel lasts, including storage conditions and the presence of contaminants. One key factor is temperature fluctuations, as extreme heat or cold can impact the quality and effectiveness of E98 fuel. To preserve E98 fuel, it is important to store it in a cool and dry place away from direct sunlight. Additionally, using airtight containers can help prevent moisture and contaminants from infiltrating the fuel, ensuring its longevity. Regularly inspecting the fuel for any signs of impurities or degradation is also essential. By taking these storage precautions and being mindful of temperature fluctuations and contaminants, users can extend the lifespan of their E98 fuel.
Evaluating The Shelf Life Of E98 Fuel
Evaluating the Shelf Life of E98 Fuel
How long does E98 fuel typically last?
E98 fuel is known for its high octane rating and performance benefits, making it a popular choice among racing enthusiasts and high-performance vehicle owners. However, like any fuel, E98 can degrade over time, impacting its effectiveness.
One of the key factors that influence the shelf life of E98 fuel is proper storage. When stored in a sealed container, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures, E98 can last up to 2 years. However, if not stored properly, the fuel's quality may deteriorate more rapidly, leading to engine performance issues.
Signs of degradation in E98 fuel
There are certain signs that indicate degradation in E98 fuel. These include a change in color, the presence of sediment or particles, foul odor, and decreased performance. If you notice any of these signs, it is advisable to have the fuel tested before using it to ensure optimal performance and avoid potential engine damage.
Testing methods to determine E98 fuel quality
Several testing methods are available to assess the quality of E98 fuel. These include visual inspection for color and sediment, odor analysis, and laboratory tests to measure octane rating and alcohol content. These tests can provide valuable insights into the fuel's condition and help vehicle owners make informed decisions regarding its usage.
Extending The Lifespan Of E98 Fuel
E98 fuel is known for its exceptional performance and is widely used in high-performance vehicles. However, to ensure its longevity, proper storage and maintenance techniques are crucial. Storing E98 fuel in tightly sealed containers, away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture, is essential to prevent degradation. Regularly inspecting the containers for any signs of damage and addressing them promptly ensures the fuel remains in optimum condition.
Additionally, using fuel stabilizers and additives specifically designed for E98 fuel can further extend its lifespan. These products help to minimize the effects of oxidation and reduce the formation of deposits, maintaining the fuel's quality over time. When using stabilizers and additives, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper dosage and application.
In conclusion, by following best practices for storing E98 fuel and utilizing fuel stabilizers and additives, you can significantly prolong its lifespan. Taking these precautions ensures that the fuel remains of high quality, allowing your high-performance vehicle to deliver the maxiumum power and efficiency it is known for.
Common Misconceptions About E98 Fuel Longevity
There are common misconceptions surrounding the longevity of E98 fuel, but it is important to debunk these myths. E98 fuel has a longer shelf life compared to other ethanol blends, thanks to its high percentage of ethanol content. While some believe that E98 can go bad if stored for too long, it is actually quite stable when stored properly.
Addressing concerns about E98 fuel storage and longevity, it is essential to store it in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. Additionally, using a tightly sealed container can help prevent moisture absorption and maintain the fuel's quality. Taking these precautions ensures that E98 fuel can last for an extended period without degrading.
Moreover, it is worth noting that E98 fuel does not have an expiration date like perishable goods. As long as it is stored correctly, it can still be safely used even after a significant amount of time has passed.
Importance Of Proper Storage And Aging Techniques For E98 Fuel
 - The proper storage and aging techniques for E98 fuel are crucial in determining its lifespan and efficiency.
 - Poor storage practices can significantly impact the quality and longevity of E98 fuel.
 - Exposure to extreme temperatures, humidity, and contaminants can degrade the composition of the fuel.
 - This degradation can lead to reduced performance, increased emissions, and potential damage to the engine.
 - Implementing proper storage practices, such as storing E98 fuel in sealed containers in a cool and dry environment, can help maintain its quality.
 - Additionally, utilizing aging techniques, such as allowing the fuel to settle for a certain period before usage, can enhance its performance.
 - Proper storage and aging techniques help preserve the chemical properties of E98 fuel, optimizing its combustion efficiency and ensuring its longevity.
 - By following these practices, users can maximize the lifespan and benefits of E98 fuel for their vehicles or machinery.
How Long Does E98 Last? Discover the Extraordinary Lifespan of E98 Fuel!
Credit: comisocoffee.com
Frequently Asked Questions Of How Long Does E98 Last
How Long Does E98 Fuel Last?
E98 fuel can last up to 3 years when properly stored in a sealed container. However, its octane rating can start to deteriorate after a few months, which may affect its performance. It is recommended to use E98 fuel within 6 to 12 months for optimal results.
Is E98 Fuel Suitable For All Vehicles?
No, E98 fuel is not suitable for all vehicles. It is specially formulated for high-performance engines, such as those used in racing cars and motorcycles. Regular vehicles may not be able to handle the high octane rating and ethanol content of E98 fuel, which can cause damage to the engine.
What Are The Benefits Of Using E98 Fuel?
Using E98 fuel in high-performance engines can provide several benefits. Firstly, its high octane rating improves engine power and performance. Secondly, the added ethanol content helps to cool the engine and reduce the risk of knock. Lastly, E98 fuel can enhance throttle response and overall engine efficiency.
Can E98 Fuel Be Mixed With Other Fuels?
No, it is not recommended to mix E98 fuel with other fuels. E98 fuel has a unique blend of ethanol and other additives that are specifically designed for high-performance engines. Mixing it with other fuels may alter the ethanol content and octane rating, resulting in poor performance and potential damage to the engine.
Conclusion
Based on our research, it is clear that E98 fuel can last for a significant period of time when properly stored. Its highly stable composition ensures that it remains usable for a longer duration compared to other fuels. However, it is essential to follow proper storage guidelines and prevent contamination to maintain its quality and effectiveness.
By understanding how long E98 can last, you can plan and manage your fuel storage efficiently. Ensure you store E98 in a suitable, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures, to maximize its lifespan.
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Assessing the significance of global and local correlations under spatial autocorrelation: A nonparametric approach
Authors
Summary
We propose a method to test the correlation of two random fields when they are both spatially autocorrelated. In this scenario, the assumption of independence for the pair of observations in the standard test does not hold, and as a result we reject in many cases where there is no effect (the precision of the null distribution is overestimated). Our method recovers the null distribution taking into account the autocorrelation. It uses Monte-Carlo methods, and focuses on permuting, and then smoothing and scaling one of the variables to destroy the correlation with the other, while maintaining at the same time the initial autocorrelation. With this simulation model, any test based on the independence of two (or more) random fields can be constructed. This research was motivated by a project in biodiversity and conservation in the Biology Department at Stanford University.
Ancillary


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GSCE Maths: Proofs of Pythagoras' therom lesson
Last updated 27 March 2013, created 05 June 2011, viewed 3,756
Although presented as a demonstration, the key point of the geometric exercise is that pupils construct their own copy with paper, pencil and a pair of scissors.
They should also be invited to discuss and construct the algebraic proof, preferably in pairs or small groups.
A 'click and watch& More…#39; approach will not enable pupils to gain a deep understanding of either proof.


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Impact of Trade Union on Productivity of Teachers in Public and Private Primary Schools in Cross River State, Nigeria (Published)
The study investigated the impact of trade union on productivity among teachers in public and private primary schools in Cross River state. Specifically, the study compares productivity of teachers in private and public primary schools in the study area. Survey design was deployed in the study while cluster random sampling was used to select 180 pupils and purposive sampling technique to select six (6) key informants. Survey interviews and key informant interviews were used for data collection. The analysis of data involved use of percentages, mean and chi-square and transcription of views of the key informants. The study revealed that teachers in private primary schools are more productive than their colleagues in public schools based on indices of productivity such as attendance to school, attendance to classes, average number of lessons held per day and involvement in extra lessons. The study also found a significant difference in school attendance between the public and private primary schools in the study area as the computed chi-square value of 2.222 was greater than the critical value of 1.543 on 1 degree of freedom and confidence level of 0.05. Also there was a significant difference in regular class by teachers in the public and private primary schools as computed chi-square value of 46.723 was greater than the critical value of 44.416 on 1 degree of freedom and confidence level of 0.05. The study therefore recommends regular audit of teachers, strict monitoring on the job, training and retraining and inclusion of teachers' productivity as one of the core aims of trade Unions.