Prime Minister of Turkey
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı) was the head of government of the Republic of Turkey from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Turkish Parliament and presided over the cabinet. Throughout the political history of Turkey, functions and powers of the post had changed occasionally.
Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı (Turkish)
Former Seal of the Prime Minister
İsmet İnönü, First Prime Minister of the Republic
Government of Turkey
StatusHead of Government
Member ofCabinet of Turkey
National Security Council
Reports toThe Parliament
ResidencePrime Ministry Building
Prime Ministry Central Building
Çankaya Mansion
AppointerThe President
In accordance with voting in the Grand National Assembly
Term length5 years (same as the term of Grand National Assembly)
While commanding the majority in the parliament. No term limits are imposed on the office.
Constituting instrumentAnayasa
PrecursorGrand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Inaugural holderMustafa Kemal Atatürk (Ankara Government)
İsmet İnönü (Republic)
Formation3 May 1920 (Ankara Government)
1 November 1923 (Republic)
Final holderBinali Yıldırım
Abolished9 July 2018
SuccessionVice President of Turkey
DeputyDeputy Prime Minister
Prior to its dissolution as a result of the 2017 Constitutional Referendum, Prime Minister was generally the dominant figure in Turkish politics, outweighing the President.
Premiership in the Ottoman Era
In the Ottoman Empire, the prime minister of the Ottoman sultan held the title of Grand Vizier (Turkish: Sadrazam). After the Tanzimat period in the 19th century, the grand viziers came to assume a role more like that of the prime ministers of contemporary Western European monarchies. Later, with the Ottoman constitution of 1876, a parliament was established to oversee the prime minister, and the prime minister formed a cabinet. With the constitutional amendments that took place during the Second Constitutional Era, the prime minister was made answerable to the parliament rather than the sultan.
Premiership in the Government of the Grand National Assembly
After the establishment of the Grand National Assembly in Ankara by the Turkish National Movement, the 1st Parliament instituted a new government called "The Cabinet of the Executive Ministers" (Turkish: İcra Vekilleri Heyeti). The post was then held by the Speaker of the Parliament, who presided over the cabinet ex-officio.
Premiership in the Republic
Single-party period (1923–1946)
Following the declaration of the republic, the existing constitution of 1921 was amended, conferring the executive authority and the privilege to oversee governmental affairs to the Prime Minister, who was to be appointed by the President of the Republic.
Although the Presidency was established as a symbolic office with the President being unaccountable for his actions, Presidents Atatürk and İnönü had exercised executive authority as the leader of their party during the one-party period.
Multi-party period (1946–2018)
Prior to the general election held in 1950, the constitution was amended, disallowing the President-elect to remain the leader of their political party. These amendments resulted in the Prime Minister becoming the dominant figure in Turkish politics, sharply diminishing the role of the President.
After Prime Minister Adnan Menderes was ousted from power as a result of the 1960 Turkish coup d'état, the newly promulgated Constitution of 1961 reduced the powers of the government considerably, strengthening parliamentary supervision over the cabinet. These features of the constitution resulted in a fractured political system, causing many short-lived coalition governments to be formed until 1980.
In the aftermath of the 1980 Turkish coup d'etat, Constitution of 1982 (still in use) was implemented. Even though the Constitution of 1982 was quite similar to its predecessor, there were new measures taken to avoid the formation of short-lived coalition governments. These measures included the introduction of 10% electoral threshold, unicameral parliamentary structure, and enforced executive powers. Along with broad executive powers being vested in the post of the Prime Minister, the realm of authority of the cabinet ministries (with the exclusion of the Prime Ministry) was drastically reduced, placing the ministers under the direct supervision of the prime minister.
Later on, numerous amendments were made on the constitution, with the ones of paramount importance being the 2007, 2010, and 2017. Some of the changes approved by public vote were highly controversial.
According to some, the direct election of the President for the first time in 2014 resulted in a de facto transition into a semi-presidential system, bringing an end to the Prime Minister's dominant authority in Turkish politics. [1]
Following the general elections in 2018, constitutional amendments approved in the 2017 referendum officially took effect, marking the end of 98 years of parliamentary governance in Turkey.
Seal of the Prime Minister, in use between 2015 until the office was abolished in 2018.[2]
Living former prime ministers
Prime Minister Start Tenure of office
Tansu Çiller (1946-05-24) May 24, _PHONE_–1996
Abdullah Gül (1950-10-29) October 29, _PHONE_–2003
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (1954-02-26) February 26, _PHONE_–2014
Ahmet Davutoğlu (1959-02-26) February 26, _PHONE_–2016
Binali Yıldırım (1955-12-20) December 20, _PHONE_–2018
Longest track records
Prime Minister İsmet İnönü in 1964
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan during a state visit to the United States.
NameNumber of daysRemarks
İsmet İnönü1 year, 20 days +
12 years, 205 days +
3 years, 93 days = 16 years and 318 days
The first two periods were
in the single-party period;
formed 10 cabinets.
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan11 years, 167 daysFormed 3 cabinets.
Süleyman Demirel5 years, 150 days +
2 years, 82 days +
168 days +
305 days +
1 year, 177 days = 10 years and 152 days
Formed 7 cabinets.
Adnan Menderes10 years, 5 daysFormed 5 cabinets.
Executed by hanging.
Turgut Özal5 years, 322 daysFormed 2 cabinets.
Bülent Ecevit296 days +
20 days +
1 year, 311 days +
3 years, 311 days = 5 years and 208 days
Formed 5 cabinets.
Recep Tayyip ErdoğanMustafa Kemal Atatürk
See also
 - Air transports of heads of state and government
 - Official state car
 - List of prime ministers of Turkey
 - President of Turkey
 - List of presidents of Turkey
 - Vice President of Turkey
 - Constitution of Turkey
 1. Karagöz, Serdar (2014-04-14). "De facto semi-presidential system and Erdoğan". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
 2. "Başbakanlık logosu değişti (Başbakanlığın yeni logosu)". (in Turkish). Retrieved 2020-07-12.


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Tamarac Refuge offers history tours
In recognition of Minnesota's sesquicentennial, the refuge will present three Discovering Tamarac History tours during the month of July.
These tours will highlight sites related to the logging era, pioneer settlement, the Civilian Conservation Corps, and the early development of the refuge. These first ever refuge history tours provide a unique opportunity to visit selected sites, learn about area history, and imagine how folks survived in the wilderness.
The Discovering Tamarac History tours are a part of a new history initiative by the Tamarac Interpretive Association.
Tours will be presented Saturday, July 12, from 1-4 p.m.; Tuesday, July 15, from 7-9:30 p.m.; Sunday, July 27, from 1-4 p.m. Participants are to meet at the visitor center for a short presentation and then will car caravan to several historical sites.
There will be some walking involved so wear sturdy shoes and don't forget to bring your stories to tell. For more information, please contact the refuge at _PHONE_.
The Tamarac Interpretive Association is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to support the conservation and wise use of the natural and cultural resources of the refuge.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is the principal federal agency responsible for conserving, protecting, and enhancing fish, wildlife, and plants and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. The Service manages the National Wildlife Refuge System that includes more than 540 refuges nation wide.
Within Becker County, the Service is represented by the Tamarac National Wildlife Refuge, Hamden Slough National Wildlife Refuge, and the Detroit Lakes Wetland Management District. Becker County enjoys an impressive diversity of both plants and wildlife as a result of its location where the eastern deciduous forest meets the prairie.
Plan a visit to experience Tamarac, Hamden Slough or one of the many Waterfowl Production Areas and enjoy your public lands.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


MATLAB Answers
Georg Clauss
Problems reading video with mmreader
Asked by Georg Clauss
on 19 Sep 2013
I want to load a video and work on the single frames. When I read the video it displays "unable to determine the number of frames in this file". I need only the first part of the video using the following code
obj = mmreader('videoname.avi');
for n=1:500
 mov(n).cdata = obj.read(n);
end
now I try to access the single frames in the video and display them with
img1 = mov(1).cdata
imshow(img1)
but every image in mov shows exactly the same (always the first image of the video)
My Questions:
1. Why is Matlab not able to determine the number of frames? Is there a way to work around this problem?
2. Why are always the same images (first image from video file) stored in mov? Is sthat a problem of the read function?
... I use Matlab 7.1, so can't use the VideoReader ... this is a very simplified example, but doesn't really work
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0 Answers
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text:
I have mice looking and walking in my game, but they are very slow and hard to use. I think it's because I'm using fixed speed. I heard that in big projects developers use delta time. How do I calculate delta time in glut? How do I calculate speed using delta time?
The "delta time" used to be the time elapsed between two frame updates (but it can also be used in other contexts; this is usually the result of a time subtraction).
You can get the delta time in glut using the glutGet method and the GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME parameter, plus some operations.
So if you register the current timeSinceStart at each rendering loop, you can know the deltaTime by subtracting the old one to the new one.
Basically, you can use deltaTime to update your movements in ratio to this elapsed time instead of using a fixed time value. This way, the movement speed of your character should be almost the same if your program runs at 60 fps or if it runs at 10 fps.
This way, whether your program updated 2 times or 100 times, 1 second later the position should be almost the same, and the game-play is less impacted by the low fps of a small computer than if it use fixed values.
Finally, you should read Fixed time step vs Variable time step on gamedev.stackexchange.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Theme:'Creating hope through action'
Department of Psychiatry, in collaboration with Indian Psychiatric Society-Karnataka Chapter(IPS-KC), in association with Department of Clinical Psychology,celebrated World Suicide Prevention Day on 11 September 2023 at Govt.PU College,Bellur.
Programme commenced with an invocation song by 2nd year PU students. Dr. Shivakumar.B.K, Professor and HOD, Department of Psychiatry, AIMS inaugurated the event and also explained the relevance of preventing suicide amongst adolescents as well as adults.The session was followed by 2 activities which were co-ordinated by Dr.Vaibhavi.P.S, Assistant Professor,Department of Psychiatry,and Dr.Vijaykumar.K.S,Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology.Vote of thanks was delivered by Dr. Vinay.H.R,Associate Professor,Department of Psychiatry.
Programme saw active participation from students.Pamphlets containing 'myths and facts about suicide' were distributed at the end of the session.


temperature model, where a difference between the electrons excited by the laser pulse and the lattice's temperature is assumed. An analytical model based on this two-temperature model is designed and validated for percussion drilling with a circularly polarized beam in a low corrosion tool steel, which is used in this work. The model created in this work can be used to predict the results of the fs laser percussion drilling process and hence minimize the experimental expenses related to the determination of the optimal process parameters.
Source link: _URL_
* Please keep in mind that all text is summarized by machine, we do not bear any responsibility, and you should always check original source before taking any actions
* Please keep in mind that all text is summarized by machine, we do not bear any responsibility, and you should always check original source before taking any actions


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Ridge lift (or'slope lift') is created when a wind strikes an obstacle, usually a mountain ridge or cliff, that is large and steep enough to deflect the wind upward.
If the wind is strong enough, the ridge lift provides enough upward force for gliders, hang gliders, paragliders and birds to stay airborne for long periods or travel great distances by'slope soaring'. Although unpowered aircraft are usually descending through the air, they will climb if the surrounding air is rising faster than their sink rates. Model glider enthusiasts refer to this technique as "slope gliding" or "sloping".
Orville Wright used ridge lift setting a duration record of 11 minutes in 1911. However the sport of soaring started in Germany after the First World War. In 1921 Dr. Wolfgang Klemperer broke the Wright Brothers 1911 soaring duration record with a flight of 13 minutes. In 1922 Arthur Martens became the first glider pilot to use an updraft rising along a mountain slope to stay aloft for a lengthy period with a flight over an hour.
Basic requirements
Ridge lift is generated when the wind blows against a hill, ridge, escarpment or ocean wave, causing the air to rise. In meteorology this is known as orographic lift. The wind creates a region of rising air directly above the slope which may extend some distance upwards and outwards from its face because the airflow follows the upward contour of the hill. However at near vertical cliffs, there is usually an area of turbulence with descending air near the base of the cliff. Downwind of the hill, lee waves can form that are also used by glider pilots to gain height but this should not be confused with slope lift.
Near slopes rather than vertical cliffs, the strongest lift is often to be found a flight path that intersects with an imaginary line emerging at right angles from the slope.
Long mountain ranges such as those found in Ridge-and-valley Appalachians in the United States, New Zealand, and Chile have been used by glider pilots to fly in excess of a thousand kilometers in a single flight. Birds, such as many seabirds (in particular albatross) and raptors, also use slopes in this way.
See also
- Hang gliding
- Radio-controlled glider
- Controllable slope soaring
- Orographic lift
- Dynamic soaring
- Lee waves


Hide/Show Apps
Real-time simulation of soil–tool interaction using advanced soil models
Gürbüz, Mücahit
Excavation work is one of the main elements needed in construction fields. To meet such a huge demand, a large number of excavators are working all over the globe. In addition, researchers and companies put enormous efforts to develop more efficient excavator models. With the advancement of technology, autonomous systems have become popular and ideal way to upgrade machines for faster, cheaper and safer production. Not surprisingly, there have been many attempts to develop fully autonomous robotic excavation systems and this has become one of the trending topics in the earth-moving industry. There are some key challenges in developing an autonomous excavation system. For example, accurate and fast prediction of resisting soil forces on the excavator bucket plays a crucial role in developing unmanned excavator systems. Current studies provide unrealistic and/or computationally expensive soil-tool interaction models. This study represents a new method to solve the interaction of excavator bucket and soil in real-time with acceptable accuracy. Through the developed accurate real-time soil-tool interaction simulation, it is also aimed to make further progress in virtual reality systems requiring real-time simulations, cabin simulators, and computer games.


Coal Oil Point Reserve Banner
Fish Surveys in the Devereux Slough
Devereux Slough
Fish surveys are performed regularly to monitor the changes in abundance of fish within the Devereux Slough. Species composition varies due to water quality, current weather conditions, and seasonality.
All fish surveys are performed using minnow traps and seine nets. The fish are release after being counted. DSMP interns also identify the species, calculate the species richness of the sample, and record the size of the fish. Some of the most common fish species observed are mudsuckers, killifish, and the endangered Tidewater Goby.
Fish survey data is entered into the DSMP database, and is used to determine the yearly and seasonal trends in fish species community composition and the size class of fish in the Devereux Slough.
Species commonly observed by our fish interns in their biological surveys.
Osprey with fish
Osprey, Devereux Slough,09/2005
Natural Reserve System | COPR Home | Contact
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Surrender vs Submission vs Capitulation
Surrendersubmissioncapitulation denote the act of yielding up one's person, one's forces, or one's possessions to another person or power.
Surrender usually implies a state of war and present domination by a victor or by an admittedly stronger power; in addition it often also implies the immediate cessation of fighting
Submission often implies surrender (as of an army, its supplies, and its fortifications), but it stresses the acknowledgment of the power or authority of another and often suggests loss of independence; it is used especially of those who rebel or of those whose weak condition leaves them at the mercy of a stronger power or subject to its threats. Unlike surrender, submission often implies not a previous state of war but a threat of disastrous warfare.
Capitulation also implies surrender, but it suggests a conditional one on terms agreed upon between the parties or the commanders of the forces concerned.


How to use Security Filters to allow multiple companies to use the same app
Let's say you've got an app, and you want to allow multiple companies to access and use the same app.
 - The primary benefit here is that, as a developer, you only have one app to support.
 - If you were to create a copy of said app, one for each additional company that wanted to use it, then you'd have to support all those apps.
Any changes made to functionality (column structure, views, actions, automation, etc.) will need to be duplicated on each additional app.
 - This then translates to hours of "extra" work you'll need to do.
Instead, use Security Filters to filter the data based on the company the user belongs to.
 - This keeps everything inside one app, so as a developer you only need to support that one.
 - Also, each company that suggests an improvement to the system is benefiting everyone.
You'll need:
 1. a "Companies" table
 2. a "Users" table - that's a child to the Companies
 3. other tables that then filter based on data from tables "higher" in the database
 - Like a "Clients" table being filtered to only show the "User_Assigned_Clients"
 - Or a "Projects" table being filtered to only show records based on the "Project_Client_Link" being present inside the "Clients" table
The process involves:
 - Creating a [Company_Master_Email_List]
 - Creating an automation to keep that list updated (based on changes to the user table)
 - Applying cascading security filters (Companies filters first, then Users, then everything else is based on those two)
Here's a video that shows the process
—| Table of Contents |—
00:00 - Intro
00:29 - Benefits of single-app vs. multi-apps
01:14 - Required tables
01:44 - Key to how it all works
02:28 - Adding [Company_Master_Email_List]
02:57 - Creating an action to set the master list
04:15 - Running the action
05:22 - Creating a REF action
07:11 - Creating a BOT to keep things updated
08:31 - Bot condition for when it should run
09:06 - Creating a new task for the bot
09:55 - Actually implementing the Security Filters
10:40 - Companies table
11:02 - Users table
12:01 - Where to get more info (
12:57 - Wrap up


text:
Space Sand- 5 lb BULK Hydrophobic
This sand truly is the closest to soil from Mars that most of us will ever experience! We stock all 10 colors of sand (including the 5 neon colors) in bulk and also small amounts. The properties of Space Sand are very similar to the sand that covers the Red Planet. This unbelievable sand will not get wet in water! Unlike sand found on Earth, Space Sand does not absorb any water. Pour your Space Sand - available in 10 exciting colors! - in a clear glass or bowl of water. Space Sand maintains its shape under water, yet can be molded by hand. Remove Space Sand with a teaspoon, and you will immediately notice that the sand is completely dry, as if it never touched the water.
For additional information and experiments, Click Here


text:
Wind Farm in Galva, IL 2018, Paul Douglas Institute
A 100 Percent Renewable Chicago
An Economic Impact Report Assessing Renewable Energy in the City of Chicago
Zarek Drozda, Ekin Dursun, Vanessa Ma, Devin McNulty
This report assesses the potential impacts of a 100% renewable energy transition for the City of Chicago. We examine Chicago's current electrical demand and supply, project Chicago's electricity demand through 2035, and then test scenarios for a full transition to renewable electricity. We then model aggregate job creation, economic output, and emissions reduction potential. In addition to explaining the methodology behind "A 100% Renewable Chicago: By the Numbers" infographic, this paper provides background and context on the mechanisms through which Chicago sources energy to serve as a resource for local advocates, community stakeholders, and policymakers.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Lahey/GNU Fortran
How the Driver Works
The driver (LGF.EXE) translates and passes the appropriate options to the GFortran driver, GFortran.exe, which must be found on the path (PATH environment variable). GFortran.exe controls the two main processes - compilation and linking - used to create an executable program. Supplemental processes, like creating static libraries, DLL's, import libraries and processing Windows resources, are sometimes used depending on whether you are creating a DLL or a Windows GUI application, etc. These processes are performed by the following programs:
The The LGF driver uses temporary files for sending information between the driver and processes it controls. These files are automatically created using random names and are deleted when the process is complete.
If the -c (compile only) option is specified, processing will stop after the compiler runs and modules are created (if necessary). Otherwise, processing continues with the appropriate action depending on what sort of output file is requested.


CRT Logo
Welcome to Cambridge Refrigeration Technology
ICCT - Mission Statement
Mission Statement
To achieve effective coordination of technical developments within the environment in order to ensure consistent and cost effective management of temperature sensitive cargo.
 - To guide market developments in order to encourage greater coordination of goals and harmonisation of development timescales through a process of education and awareness.
 - To coordinate the application of existing standards and codes of practice and define best safe practice.
 - To advance technical ideas which will give input to the design construction and installation of equipment and in turn develop coordinated performance criteria.
 - To increase awareness of effective environmental measures.
Terms of Reference
 1. Identify each component in the cold chain from harvest to retail sale.
 2. Identify/determine future trends within each component sector of the cold chain.
 3. Through analysis determine the initial technical factors which are common to a range of sectors and which, if co-ordinated, would enable improvements to be identified and for new technology to be trialled across sectors in a comprehensive manner.
 4. Identify barriers (technical, legislative, commercial or environmental) which prevent the successful co-ordination of the cold chain.
 5. Identify and promote best safe practice position assuming that within reason barriers could be removed or their impact restricted.
 6. Identify of arguments that could be exploited in order to influence relevant national or international authorities with the objective of tackling the barrier identified.
 7. Identify and summarise all significant international research in areas relevant to ICCT and if appropriate commission further research. The results of this work should be communicated widely within ICCT.
 8. For ICCT to achieve, its potential members must be prepared to take on the identity of ICCT and where possible and appropriate suspend corporate standpoints.
related information
Cambridge Refrigeration Technology Contact Details


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Frontend browser integration
Reitit includes two browser history integrations.
Main functions are navigate and set-query. Navigate is used to navigate to named routes, and the options parameter can be used to control all parameters and if pushState or replaceState should be used to control browser history stack. The set-query function can be used to change or modify query parameters for the current route, it takes either map of new query params or function from old params to the new params.
There are also secondary functions following HTML5 History API: push-state to navigate to new route adding entry to the history and replace-state to change route without leaving previous entry in browser history.
Fragment router
Fragment is simple integration which stores the current route in URL fragment, i.e. after #. This means the route is never part of the request URI and server will always know which file to return (index.html).
HTML5 router
HTML5 History API can be used to modify the URL in browser without making request to the server. This means the URL will look normal, but the downside is that the server must respond to all routes with correct file (index.html). Check examples for simple Ring handler example.
Anchor click handling
HTML5 History router will handle click events on anchors where the href matches the route tree (and other rules). If you have need to control this logic, for example to handle some anchor clicks where the href matches route tree normally (i.e. browser load) you can provide :ignore-anchor-click? function to add your own logic to event handling:
(rfe/start!
 router
 on-navigate-fn
 {:use-fragment false
 :ignore-anchor-click? (fn [router e el uri]
 ;; Add additional check on top of the default checks
 (and (rfh/ignore-anchor-click? router e el uri)
 (not= "false" (gobj/get (.-dataset el) "reititHandleClick"))))})
;; Use data-reitit-handle-click to disable Reitit anchor handling
[:a
 {:href (rfe/href ::about)
 :data-reitit-handle-click false}
 "About"]
Easy
Reitit frontend routers require storing the state somewhere and passing it to all the calls. Wrapper reitit.frontend.easy is provided which manages a router instance and passes the instance to all calls. This should allow easy use in most applications, as browser anyway can only have single event handler for page change events.
History manipulation
Reitit doesn't include functions to manipulate the history stack, i.e. go back or forwards, but calling History API functions directly should work:
(.go js/window.history -1)
;; or
(.back js/window.history)
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Trend found in today's young couples are avoiding living near the house of their parent-in-law. The reason is that the couple could be more independent, or they could also avoid the nagging mother-in-law. However, parent-in-laws living near them actually offers many advantages, in addition to be more efficient, it can also increase fertility.
Dr Virpi Lummaa from the Sheffield University analyzed the records of 300 years churches with the last data recorded in 2000. These records contain data of birth, marriages and deaths of farmers in Finland.
The study, presented at the 2012 Euroscience conference in Dublin found that married couples who live close to their parent-in-laws have more children. In addition, the distance between the child's birth time is also shorter. Couples also tend to marry at a young age when their mother are still alive.
Not only that, previous research has found that children born from couples who living near their grandmother's home are less likely to die in infancy. It seems that the new family benefits from the additional people who are willing to help provide care to children.
Dr Lummaa did not find any differences between the mother or father-in-law. However, previous research on African families found that the mother-in-law is a person who gives the greatest benefit.
The positive impact of mother-in-law is probably due to age. Men generally married at an older age than women, the paternal grandmother are also typically older and less able to help care for grandchildren.
"The role of grandfathers gives less obvious impact not because the grandfather does not doing anything, but because the help from grandfatheres cannot be translated directly by the grandchild," said Dr. Lumma as reported by Medical Daily.
Besides studying the effects of being close to parent-in-law, Dr. Lummaa also learn why women lose the ability to have children when they are relatively still young, while other mammals are able to reproduce in their old age.
The latest research confirms the findings support the theory that menopause is a natural way to keep the women not have more children when they could be said still young as a grandmother. This mechanism will make menopausal women more focused to care for their grandchildren at the same time avoid the trauma of childbirth.Tagged with: couple fertility, living near parent-in-law more fertile,


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Wireframe Immersive has played a vital role in creating Virtual Reality Empathy Platform (VR-EP), a new virtual reality device is set to help architects and designers create dementia-friendly buildings and spaces through understanding how dementia can affect a person's vision.
The idea is the brainchild of David Burgher, director at Scottish Borders-based Aitken Turnbull Architects, who has developed the product in partnership with Glasgow CGI company Wireframe Immersive and experts at the Dementia Centre, HammondCare. The Dementia Centre is recognised as a world leader in dementia support, care and design. It provided the evidence-based research and academic rigour to this product. Wireframe Immersive has developed the virtual environment and will supply the software and hardware.
VR-EP comprises a laptop with high performance graphic and memory capability, Virtual Reality goggles, a games controller, camera and bespoke software programming.
VR-EP can be used in the design of new buildings such as care homes, hospitals or sheltered housing, and also has the potential to assess existing buildings and environments. Dementia-friendly design can significantly improve the quality of life for people living with the condition.
There are currently more than 800,000 people in the UK living with dementia, a figure that is expected to rise to 1.7 million by 2051. Dementia costs the UK economy £26.3 billion per year – more than cancer and heart disease combined. This application can help healthcare providers save expensive adaptive costs by designing buildings and spaces with the person living with dementia in mind.
People living with dementia can see things very differently, with objects often appearing dimmer and less colourful than they really are, which can be frightening and confusing. By using this device to see things through the eyes of a fictional person living with dementia, building or interior designers will be able to create homely and familiar environments that could reduce accidents, lessen anxiety and help those living with dementia live more independent lives.
The introduction of this unique VR-EP technology takes this insight to the another level - giving building designers first-hand experience of how dementia affects vision so that we can design spaces that are far better suited to people living with the condition.
As well as reducing anxiety, the improved design offers a better, safer and more independent quality of life. Dementia-friendly design doesn't have to cost more. In fact, by using VR-EP, designers will get it right first time and therefore reduce costs. Initial research shows there is a strong demand for this product on an international scale and the VR-EP device will make a profound impact in improving the environment for those living with dementia.


text:
By Gerald L. Zelizer, Contributing Writer, USA TODAY, 2-21-02.
The Rev. Charles Chandler felt so blindsided when he was forced out of his church eight years ago that he established the Ministering to Ministers Foundation, which provides emergency funds, housing and legal, psychological and career assistance for clergy of any denomination who have suffered a similar fate.
In 2001, his organization helped approximately 500 ousted or beleaguered ministers. That's up from 400 the year before and 100 when he started.
While few churches routinely keep track of clergy firings, a general survey of those who do suggests the trend is getting worse:
- A study by the Barna Research Group, which does marketing studies of American culture and the Christian faith, found that whereas 20 years ago the average minister remained at least seven years in his parish, today his stay has eroded to barely five years. Barna's research, conducted between July 2000 and June 2001, was based on a survey of 1,865 senior pastors of Protestant churches nationwide. This trend, George Barna warns, "may be shortchanging pastors — and the congregations they oversee — by prematurely terminating their tenure."
- Rabbi Joel Meyers, executive vice president of the Conservative Rabbinical Assembly, acknowledges that 30% of rabbis who changed positions in 2000 did so because they were forced to leave their congregations.
- Similarly, Marcia Myers, director of personnel services for the Presbyterian Church (USA), reports that of the 84 cases in which relations were ended in 2000, one-fourth were involuntary.
To give some context to these numbers, Kevin Leicht, professor of sociology at the University of Iowa and author of Professional Work, says, "Clergy firings are very high compared with the national labor force, where 1.2% of all employees are involuntarily terminated. The rate is even higher than coaches in the NFL, a notoriously unstable profession." This uprooting comes with costs to both the church and its minister:
- The congregation misses the most productive period of the pastor's tenure, which Barna says is from years 10 through 14.
- There are the emotional wounds to the congregation as they push God's emissary out.
- Most grievous is the trauma to the minister, who must dislodge his family and leave town.
For the good of the congregation and clergy, more aggressive strategies are needed to halt this trend. A separate study by church consultant Alan Klaas, president of Mission Growth Ministries, investigated the causes of ousters in various Christian denominations and tried to find the source of the problem and where opportunities for reforms exist. The report put most of the blame on the congregation:
- In 67% of the cases, the congregation had been in conflict with the previous pastor, too.
- In 45% of the cases, a minority faction was successful in manipulating a supportive majority to push the pastor out.
- Only 7% of the time was the cause the personal misconduct of the minister.
- Sadly for all, in 62% of the cases, regional officials of these various denominations who could have helped mediate were kept away until it was too late to solve the dispute.
To put a human face on this problem, consider the case of Pastor Matthew Robinson. Robinson says he was asked in 1995 to bring stability to the First Presbyterian Church in Hobbs, N.M., which had lost more than 100 members and suffered from financial problems.
Through his programs for new and potential members, the church's roster quickly grew by 50 new members. By 1996, the church's finances were the healthiest in a decade. But for some longtime laity, their previous gifts to the church suddenly seemed mediocre when measured against the burgeoning new pledges that Robinson's stewardship was eliciting.
With the arrival of many new faces, one angry churchgoer complained to the pastor, "You are bringing in too many blue-collar members," and another said his dramatics in worship were not done "decently and in order."
Finally, Robinson sought other posts. By Thanksgiving 1999, he was called to a larger and more stable church in Kearney, Neb. "I could have stuck it out," he says, "but it was not worth a heart attack."
This ecclesiastical hell is bred in the contradictory situation of the minister who works for God and simultaneously for the will of his congregation. But even within that conflicting organizational structure, more can be done.
For one, church elders should skillfully exclude from leadership roles laity whom the author G. Lloyd Rediger calls "clergy killers." Their complaints should be heard, but they should be blocked from bullying the silent and satisfied majority of parishioners into unreasonable dissatisfaction.
Secondly, all denominations should appoint teams composed of a layperson and a clergy member to actively intervene as the relationship between a particular congregation and its minister begins to sour, to identify the problems, recommend solutions and then return to monitor improvement.
The leaders of Protestant and Jewish houses of worship, which are largely autonomous and decentralized, would likely resist this solution. But if it is not done, the risk is that the most competent clergy will flee the calling, mediocrity will fill the void, church numbers will erode, and America's faiths will diminish.
Gerald L. Zelizer is rabbi of Neve Shalom, a Conservative congregation serving the Metuchen-Edison, N.J., area. Zelizer is a member of USA TODAY's board of contributors.


text:
REPLICATION OF FORT ST. JEAN BAPTISTE
Fort St. Jean Baptiste de Natchitoches was a strategic outpost, established in 1716, that prevented the Spaniards, in Mexico, from advancing further into French Louisiana. The Fort continued to serve this vital function until the entire French colony west of the Mississippi, with New Orleans and the Isle of Orleans on the east bank, was ceded to Spain in 1762, following France's defeat by England in the French and Indian War. It was finally abandoned soon after the 1803 Louisiana Purchase when the United States built Fort Claiborne nearby.
The reconstruction of the Fort is based on a carefully drawn plan made in 1733 by the French architect/engineer Ignace Francois Broutin after he visited the Fort in August 1732 and at that time had several new buildings built; including a long barracks building, a small warehouse and a house for the warehouse keeper.
Careful research was conducted in the archives of France and Spain on colonial fortification construction methods and working from Broutin's plan and description of the Fort, an authentic reconstruction was accomplished. Fort St. Jean Baptiste was replicated utilizing many of those same construction methods, adapting to some modern measures, such as treated lumber, concealed fasteners, and concrete footings, to assure a longer life. It serves as an important era in Louisiana's colonial history, demonstrating the fortification construction and life style of a Louisiana frontier settlement.


text: Potlids are just that, lids for pots. Transfer-printed pot lids had their heyday from the 1840s to the early 1900s. The first potlid with a colored transfer print was made in 1846 and was called Polar Bears. The English Staffordshire potteries made ceramic containers with decorative lids for bear's grease, shrimp or meat paste, cold cream, and toothpaste. Printed advertising and pictures of historical events, portraits of famous people, or scenic views were designed in black and white or color. Reproductions have been made.


Sioo Impregnation
SiOO:X is a highly effective proven system to protect wood of all types
SiOO:X Impregnation is a water based wood impregnation system which uses proven silicate technology and natural materials to give wood long life protection. It is completely safe and environmentally friendly.
SiOO:X Impregnation is a two component system consisting of Premium Wood Protector and Premium Surface Protector prepared for factory application. The components are supplied in 10, 20, 25 and 60 litre containers and 600 and 1000 litre IBC's. Smaller containers in 1, 3 and 5 litre sizes are available for hand application for smaller areas and maintenance and end grain sealing purposes. Sample 250 ml bottles are available.
 The 3 litre containers of Step 1, Premium Wood Protector and Step 2, Premium Surface Protector
The two components are designed to be used together and they interact to create a unique patented effect to protect wood.The effect is due to the properties of the mineral silica. In effect the the method imitates how nature itself protects wood by petrifaction or creation of fossils. The SiOO:X system only contains natural ingredients which are biocide and emission free.
SiOO:X penetrates the wood and gives a light surface that is pleasant to touch and walk on in the case of decking. Apart from the surface being beautiful, it also is a barrier to algae, mould and rot from penetrating the wood. The surface is very easy to wipe down making maintenance simpler. The SiOO:X treatment reinforces and strengthens the wood surface.
The system gives major advantages in: providing long life protection, minimising life time cost, providing all round UV protection with even colouration, toughening the wood surface and developing a beautiful natural silver grey nuance as the timber matures.
The system carries EN 113 classification against fungi and the EN 46 classification against vermin.
The chemical process is described as a mechanical effect without the use of biocides. It is a passive protection mechanism.
Silicon, potassium, natural plant parts and water.


One Piece Encyclopedia
One Piece Encyclopedia:Name Spellings
Redirected from Name Spellings
4,209pages on
this wiki
One of the problems sometimes that crops up when using the Japanese naming system is a character will end up with many name spellings.
Why does this happen?Edit
Well, for one Eiichiro Oda does not always supply the correct spelling of a name in English text, in some cases you only see it written in the Japanese text. Sometimes when he does supply the name he will use several variations of the spelling, such as the One Piece money, which has been called both 'Belly' and 'Berry' by Oda. Oda also does not speak English and therefore may occasionally make mistakes himself.
Translators of the raw Japanese manga will often attempt to spell the name, problem is there are sometimes problems with translating from Japanese to English. A good translator will recognise certain Japanese text, such as 'Emiri' are actually how the Japanese are trying to spell the name 'Emily'. A not so good one will take a guess at what they think the name means. Some will take the Japanese text literally as the name without realising it may be the Japanese ways of spelling a non-Japanese word. So 'Emiri' will be translated literally as 'Emiri'.
Usually, most mistranslations are cleared up when the anime airs as the correct pronunciation is revealed. This results in fans of the Japanese version being able to hear clearly for the first time what the name is. However even this is not without problems. Some names sound very close to Japanese words such as 'Chew' sounds like 'Chuu', resulting in more name related errors. Others led to further mistranslations or spelling because of how the Japanese speakers pronounce certain words (example; 'Lice' may end up sounding like 'Rice'). Mostly anime related misspellings are usually made by fan-subbers subbing the series from the Japanese version. Followers of the Fan-sub will then copy, but this is not always the case.
Many spelling mistakes and misnames can be considered no different to art errors made by anime producers when mangaka have yet to produce the actual colours for the character.
Sources for Name ProofEdit
 - Names that appear in the Manga.
 - Names revealed in a SBS
 - Names revealed by the Data Books
 - In the case of Filler characters, if their name is even revealed in the episode/movie/game in Latin text, use that.
 - Shounen Jump magazine itself as a source. There have been reports of mistakes made in the past and confusions with character polls.
 - Merchandise based names, these have been noted to use incorrect names in the past (and even misspellings).
 - Game spellings. Examples exist such as "Flanky" and "Lobin" when the correct names should have been "Franky" and "Robin".
 - Anime spellings. Notably even well estalished names can end up being mispelt (Example; during the Water 7 arc "Nico Robines" can be seen on a wanted poster instead of "Nico Robin").
What examples are there?Edit
There are several, like the following:
 - Jaguar D. Saul; also sometimes is written as Hagawa D. Saulo, Jagaur D. Saulo. As of yet there has been no release of his name in anything but Japanese text.
 - Bon Kurei; Because of how his name sounded in the anime, was known as Bon Clay until his wanted poster revealed his correct name in the manga. Some fans still choose to use "Bon Clay" as it is the name they know him by the most.
 - Chew; In the databook One Piece Red: Grand Characters his name is written as "Chew", however most fans say the similar Japanese word "Chuu" is his name.
For more examples see Name Variants.
How do we Handle this?Edit
Until a English text version of a name is revealed, here on Wikia the most popular version of the name will most likely end up being used. After the true spelling is revealed, if that is incorrect, there will be a redirect set up on the page. All information on the page will be transferred to the correct entries name.
If all else fails, the last thing to use is an English dub version. However, this causes problems. See Japanese Vs English names for more details.
See alsoEdit
Site NavigationEdit
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User Handbook
Around Wikia's network
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Attleboro campus BCC Boat Race International Day One Book
Attleboro campus
Bristol Community College Logo
President John Sbrega's Goals & Objectives for Fiscal Year 2015
Strategic Goal A: Successful Students
 1. Vision Project: College Participation/College Completion
 1. Increase overall enrollment (credit and noncredit) by three percent.
 2. Increase the number of 2015 graduates by more than one percent to strengthen the Six-Year "Achieving the Dream" Success Rate.
 3. Establish a new center in downtown Taunton which incorporates all credit and noncredit services and consolidates all operations in one place.
 4. Reduce student time in developmental courses.
 1. Strengthen completion rate for developmental English by two percent by incorporating lessons learned through developmental math re-engineering.
 2. Implement pilot for GPA-based mathematics placement testing.
 5. Establish or expand bridge programs between noncredit training and degree credit.
 2. Vision Project: Closing Achievement Gaps
 1. Assess persistence rates by demographics to explore solutions to increase completion.
 2. Implement an engagement/retention program coupled with mentoring of African American male students to raise the persistence rate by two percent per year in the next two years (by 2016).
 3. Increase the number of minority students in STEM and Healthcare programs by three percent.
 3. Vision Project: Workforce Alignment
 1. Create career pathways to encourage students to enter STEM fields.
 4. Vision Project: Student Learning
 1. Strengthen system for granting credit for Prior Learning.
 2. Pilot Prior Learning Assessment Tool for all students in CATCH Institute.
 3. Implement three academic and career pathways.
 4. Create two new academic programs of study.
Strategic Goal B: Sustainable Growth and Change
 1. Increase by 35 percent the College's energy consumption from renewable resources.
 2. Institutionalize and continue assessment of College Preparedness System and Federal and State compliance reporting and programming.
 3. Increase private funds raised by five percent.
 1. Expand and strengthen the Foundation's relationships with alumni and with employees.
 4. Launch "Transforming Bristol Community College" fundraising campaign to equip new Health and Science building.
 5. Explore and adopt ways for users to better access data needed for decision-making.
 6. Audit and set priorities for space and staffing needs.
 1. Complete strategic space use plan for Workforce Education Institute on Davol Street.
 7. Implement a robust information security program and build awareness and compliance with users.
Strategic Goal C: Engaged Campuses
 1. Vision Project: Preparing Citizens
 1. Expand Service-Learning (academic-related community work) into more experiences to increase Service-Learning by 20 percent.
 2. Expand international education opportunities for students, faculty, and staff.
 2. Vision Project: Support Vision Project and College priorities in College messaging
 1. Strengthen BRCC identifying messages that reflect the College mission at all sites.
 3. Establish college-wide effort to focus on retention and recruitment.
 1. Launch and implement a substantive online presence that strengthens and supports enrollment and retention and engages College community in content development.
 4. Establish Multicultural Student Center services and programming, and link them with retention and recruitment.
 5. Create college-wide diversity initiative aimed at engaging faculty, staff, and students in changing College culture.
 6. Build and implement a broad-based, robust planning effort to prepare for the College's 50th anniversary.
Strategic Goal D: Strong Partnerships
 1. Position the Workforce Education Institute as the one-stop access point for all College services.
 2. Expand Corporate Education and Training revenues by 10 percent.
 3. Continue implementation of statewidecost-savings identified in Partnership for Advancing Cost Efficiencies (PACE).
 1. Take lead on collaborative statewide effort to reduce energy consumption and carbon footprint.
 2. Implement collective purchasing contracts and information security systems negotiated through PACE.
 3. Explore unified student information system implementation.
 4. Expand career pathways between noncredit and credit areas.
FY15 Goals and Objectives (.PDF)
Contact Details
President's Office
Fall River Campus
Phone: _PHONE_, ext. 2184
Location: D210a
Event Calendar
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text:
I have the following issue in R.
I perform logistic regression in R:
logitMod <- glm(dependent_var ~ var1, var2, varN, data=traindata, family=binomial())
Then, I run predict on the first record of the testdata set, to get the log odds:
>predict(logitMod, testdata) -44.81362
Then I calculate the probability from the log odds:
> 1/(1+ exp(-predict(logitMod, testdata))) 3.449006e-20
Then, I check with the predict function what the built-in probability-conversion would yield, and the result is very different:
>predict(logitMod, testdata, type="response") 2.220446e-16
So my question is, what am I overlooking?
predict(logitMod, testdata, type="response")produces erroneous predictions. But maybe there are good reasons for this behaviour of
predict.glmwas implemented to have this behaviour. Btw,
2.22e-16is the same as


G. Stanley Hall
G. Stanley Hall
Present on Stanley Hall. Stanley Hall is a name known in the filed of Psychology.
Presentations should 20 minutes and include a power point presentation with either handouts. The following rubric should be followed:
1. Provide historical information regarding theorist.
2. Describe the theory that the individual developed/ research conducted.
3. Compare/ contract the theory to other competing theories during that time frame.
Last Updated on February 11, 2019 by EssayPro


text:
Utah Water Science Center
ABOUT THE UTAH WSC
USGS IN YOUR STATE
USGS Water Science Centers are located in each state.
Modeling Se Mixing in South Shore of Great Salt Lake
The south shore area of Great Salt Lake (GSL) has been under increasing scrutiny by concerned citizens and State and Federal regulators, because of current and future selenium inputs to this part of the lake ecosystem. Recent investigations indicate that this part of GSL consistently receives discharge with elevated concentrations of selenium from natural and anthropogenic inflows. Water with elevated concentrations of selenium has been observed at surface seeps along the south shore of GSL and immediately offshore. In addition to the present inputs, an additional anthropogenic selenium input for the south shore area is in the final permitting phase. To date (2011), no information exists on how selenium concentrations may or may not persist in the south shore mixing zone as a function of varying lake conditions or on how the concurrent input of maximum daily selenium concentrations from new anthropogenic sources could influence the selenium concentration in the open-water areas of GSL within the south shore mixing zone.
The objective of the proposed study phase is to assess the movement, mixing, and extent of the KUCC discharge plume in the GSL south shore mixing zone and Se concentrations within the plume.
RELEVANCE AND BENEFITS
The proposed study supports the goals of the U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program to support local, State, and Tribal science needs and management decisions. The study will provide the Utah Department of Forestry Fire and Lands and other resource managers with important information on the water chemistry of the south shore of Great Salt Lake toward meeting that agency's charge to manage the lakes resource for multiple use and sustained yield.
The study will (1) utilize dye tracing techniques to map the vertical and horizontal movement of an elevated selenium discharge stream as it enters and mixes along the south shore of GSL, and (2) utilize results from objective 1 to calibrate a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to simulate the vertical and horizontal movement of this plume as it enters and mixes along the south shore of GSL.An autonomous underwater vehicle equipped with an onboard fluorometer and other water-quality sensors will be used to map, in three dimensions, the progress and relative concentration of the plume into the open water of GSL.
Project products include:


text:
Brnabic reminded that on this day in 1921, the largest stud farm in Serbia was formed, which was reconstructed and upgraded in 2018, to the pride of all the inhabitants of Backa Palanka, but also the entire country.
In the years when we mark the 100th anniversary of its founding, we have committed ourselves to preserve this institution in order to continue to nurture the tradition of equestrian sports in our country, the Prime Minister stated.
She pointed out that Karadjordjevo preserves the rich tradition of our country and army, and at the same time it is a place of exceptional natural beauty and a nature park with a large number of protected species, to which the old splendour must return.
Brnabic reminded that the government made a conclusion according to which the Karadjordjevo stud farm became a state stud farm of special importance for the development of equestrian sports and tourist potentials of Serbia, and that it was a big step to become one of the tourist symbols of the whole country.
The stud farm is specific in that it has the oldest book of impressions, which was written in 1924 and which speaks a lot about the importance of the entire stud farm.


text:
Commerce Secretary of Bangladesh government recently assured that Govt. to allow rice export to make balance in supply and demand of country's rice market and ensure fair prices of the staple. He also said that the millers agreed with the decision as the growers are not getting proper prices due to oversupply.
The government wants to export the coarse variety of rice as its production and supply is higher than that of the finer ones. Moreover, the finer varieties are higher in demand among the middle class and allowing its export might lead to shortages in the domestic market.
Following bumper production in the boro season, growers have been complaining of not getting fair prices, prompting the government to give go-ahead to rice export.
The quantity that can be exported will be fixed in consultation with the food ministry once a clear picture of the existing stocks is available.
It has been estimated that, producing one maund of paddy cost farmers Tk 960 on an average, including family labour, interest on working capital and lease or rent of land. But the sales prices of per maund of paddy recorded at local markets hovered between Tk 550 and Tk 600.
In the boro season, farmers cultivated 49.33 lakh hectares of land around the country, according to the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE). The bumper production in the current boro and last aman seasons played a vital role in pulling down the prices.
In the last aman season, rice production stood at 1.53 crore tonnes, exceeding the target by 13 lakh tonnes. The total production in 2017-18 was 3.63 crore tonnes, DAE data showed. Bangladesh consumes 3.52 crore tonnes of rice per year, as per the US Department of Agriculture data.
According to the Directorate General of Food, Bangladesh has the capacity to store 20.23 lakh tonnes of rice. Under an ongoing food grain procurement programme, the government intends to buy only 1.5 lakh tonnes of paddy from farmers, which is less than 1 percent of the around 1.96 crore tonnes that are estimated to be produced this boro season.
In this regard, Govt. takes the decision to export, shortly they will decide which quality of rice to be exported.


{{ !articles[0].partner.isSponsoringArticle ? "Platinum" : "Portal" }} Partner
dotnet,how-to,tools,api,json,rest,wrapper,net,dropbox
Create, delete and move folders with the Dropbox REST API
Introduction
In the previous part (part 2: API Requests) I mentioned that the third part would show you how to perform various folder operations such as creating, deleting and moving folders.
Well it has been a month, so let's get to it. Go to the download page and download the source code of part 2 (Article #63). Unzip and open the solution in Visual Studio. Make sure you modify the API key and secret located in the console application (Program.cs code file). Replace the values with your own application's key and secret.
Ready? Set? OK, let's start with creating folders…
Table Of Contents
Create Folder
The Dropbox REST API states that to create a folder you must supply at least two parameters, namely:
 1. root: The root relative to which the path is specified. Valid values are sandbox and dropbox.
 2. path: The path to the new folder to create relative to the root
After creating the folder Dropbox returns some metadata about it. As usual this data is JSON-formatted. Let's create a simple class decorated with attributes from the Json.NET library so that we can easily deserialize this data.
[JsonObject(MemberSerialization.OptIn)]
public class FileSystemInfo
{
 [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "rev")]
 public string Revision { get; internal set; }
 [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "bytes")]
 public long Bytes { get; internal set; }
 [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "modified")]
 public DateTime Modified { get; internal set; }
 [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "path")]
 public string Path { get; internal set; }
 [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "root")]
 public string Root { get; internal set; }
 //...
}
The FileSystemInfo type is very similar to the File type shown in part 2 of this series. I've abbreviated the code here for readability. Download the source and check it out if you want to see the whole class. This type will also be used as the return type of the Move(…) and Delete(…) methods that we'll implement later.
Let's expand the DropboxApi type so that we can create a folder in the following manner:
var folder = api.CreateFolder("dropbox", "/test");
First you need to specify the root. Valid values are sandbox or dropbox (production). Then you need to specify the folder relative to the root. Subdirectories are allowed.
var folder = api.CreateFolder("dropbox", "/test/subdir");
The implementation of the CreateFolder(…) method is similar to the API requests we handled in part 2.
public FileSystemInfo CreateFolder(string root, string path)
{
 var uri = new Uri(new Uri(DropboxRestApi.BaseUri),
 String.Format("fileops/create_folder?root={0}&path={1}",
 root, UpperCaseUrlEncode(path)));
 var json = GetResponse(uri);
 return ParseJson<FileSystemInfo>(json);
}
First we compose the URL to call, e.g.:
_URL_
Then we retrieve the response (JSON) by calling the GetResponse(…) method (see part 2), which signs the request using OAuth, and deserialize it into a Folder object using the Json.NET library.
You can examine the folder metadata afterwards:
var folder = api.CreateFolder("dropbox", "/test");
Console.WriteLine("Folder created.");
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Root: {0}", folder.Root));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Path: {0}", folder.Path));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Modified: {0}", folder.Modified));
Which outputs:
Create a Folder
Top of page
URL Encoding
Did you notice that I URL encoded the path parameter in the CreateFolder(…) method? This is necessary in order to send the request. However there is a small issue that we must address.
Let's say we use the HttpUtility.UrlEncode(…) method to URL encode the path.
var path = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(path);
This will transform the path /test info %2ftest. The slash (/) is translated to %2f. However if you use that value with the Dropbox API you'll get an error informing you that the signature is invalid.
Apparently the Dropbox API doesn't like lowercased escaped paths. Instead of %2f it expects %2F (notifice the upper-casing!). Luckily StackOverflow provided an answer for this problem:
_URL_
So that's why I've included the (private) UpperCaseUrlEncode(…) method to the DropboxApi type. This method encodes the path and makes sure the escaped parts are correctly cased.
private static string UpperCaseUrlEncode(string s)
{
 char[] temp = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(s).ToCharArray();
 for (int i = 0; i < temp.Length - 2; i++)
 {
 if (temp[i] == '%')
 {
 temp[i + 1] = char.ToUpper(temp[i + 1]);
 temp[i + 2] = char.ToUpper(temp[i + 2]);
 }
 }
 return new string(temp);
}
Move Folder
You've already done most of the work by now. We can reuse most of the code to move a folder (or file).
folder = api.Move("dropbox", "/test", "/temp");
Apart from the URL the implementation is the same as the CreateFolder(…) method.
public FileSystemInfo Move(string root, string fromPath, string toPath)
{
 var uri = new Uri(new Uri(DropboxRestApi.BaseUri),
 String.Format("fileops/move?root={0}&from_path={1}&to_path={2}",
 root, UpperCaseUrlEncode(fromPath), UpperCaseUrlEncode(toPath)));
 var json = GetResponse(uri);
 return ParseJson<FileSystemInfo>(json);
}
The Move(…) method 3 parameters, namely:
 1. root: The root. Valid values are sandbox or dropbox.
 2. fromPath: The file or folder to be copied from relative to the root.
 3. toPath: The destination path, including the new name for the file or folder, relative to root.
Delete Folder
Let's clean up after ourselves and delete the folder(s) we created. First we created a folder named "test", then moved it to "temp". So let's delete that one.
folder = api.Delete("dropbox", "/temp");
Again the implementation of the Delete(…) method is very similar to the CreateFolder(…) and Move(…) methods.
public FileSystemInfo Delete(string root, string path)
{
 var uri = new Uri(new Uri(DropboxRestApi.BaseUri),
 String.Format("fileops/delete?root={0}&path={1}",
 root, UpperCaseUrlEncode(path)));
 var json = GetResponse(uri);
 return ParseJson<FileSystemInfo>(json);
}
And that is all there is to it! Apart from an issue with the casing of the URL encoding creating, moving and deleting folders is pretty easy with the Dropbox REST API. Note that you can also use the Move(…) and Delete(…) methods with files, not just folders.
For the sake of completeness, here's the entire flow of the client application.
// Create a folder
var folder = api.CreateFolder("dropbox", "/test");
Console.WriteLine("Folder created.");
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Root: {0}", folder.Root));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Path: {0}", folder.Path));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Modified: {0}", folder.Modified))


Child tax credits are hitting bank accounts: How far does the money go in Burlington?
April Barton
Burlington Free Press
View Comments
Some Vermont families have begun receiving a $3,600 child tax credit. Just how far does that money go in the Burlington area?
The average amount people in the Burlington-South Burlington area spend on monthly household bills (not including rent or mortgage) is $1,090, according to Doxo, a bill pay management app that compiled bill pay information for metro areas across the country. So, a full child tax credit for one kid could help Vermont families alleviate three months' worth of bills.
Put another way, if families were to put the money toward paying one bill in particular, it would cover nine months of utilities (average cost of $395), about two years of health insurance (average cost of $141), or about two and a half years of cable and internet bills (average cost of $118).
Households in the Burlington-South Burlington area pay 7.3% more than the national average for monthly bills, which amount to 18.9% of their household income.
Monthly child tax credits:Payments start Thursday. Here's what to know
How the expanded child tax credits work
Households could receive up to $3,600 per child 5 years old and younger and $3,000 per child 6 and older.
The full amounts of $3,600 or $3,000 are eligible to those who make $75,000 or less for single taxpayers and $150,000 or less for joint filers. The payment is reduced by $50 for every $1,000 of income above those limits. Payments are made monthly for six months and then families can claim the other half when filing their 2021 income tax return.
A family receiving the full $3,600 benefit for a 5-year-old would receive $300 a month for the next 6 months and claim the other $1,800 on their taxes. A family receiving the full $3,000 benefit for a 10-year-old would get $250 a month for that child for six months and then claim the remaining $1,500 while filing their 2021 taxes.
View Comments


text:
I'm sure you've seen this question asked before but there's no definitive answer.
Microwaves are used to heat food, and they also cook food at high temperatures.
So if you put something in a microwave, it should get hot.
But microwaved avocados don't seem to soften up.
Why is that?
Does Microwaving Avocados Speed Up Ripening?
Microwaving avocados does not soften them but it speeds up the ripening process. This is because microwaved avocados absorb moisture from the air faster than unmicrowaved avocados. So if you want to get the maximum benefit of microwaving avocados, place them in a paper bag and leave them in the fridge overnight. Then remove them from the fridge and put them in the microwave for about 30 seconds. Let them sit for another 10 minutes and enjoy!
What Happens When You Microwave An Avocado?
Avocados are very perishable fruits and should be eaten within two days after being purchased. However, you can extend their shelf life by placing them in the refrigerator. To help preserve the avocado's flavor, cut off the stem end and peel away the skin. Next, slice the avocado lengthwise into quarters. Remove each quarter from the shell and cut each half into three pieces. Place the slices in a medium bowl and sprinkle with lemon juice. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and let stand at room temperature for 2 hours. Serve chilled or at room temperature.
How Long Should You Put An Avocado In The Microwave?
Microwaving avocados is not recommended because it damages the fruit's nutrients. It is better to eat the avocado raw.
Avocados are very perishable fruits, and if left unrefrigerated, they quickly go bad. To avoid this, store them in the refrigerator. However, if you're planning on eating them right away, you can put them in the microwave for 30 seconds every other minute until they're soft enough to eat. 1-minute intervals
Can You Bake An Avocado In The Oven?
You can bake an avocado in the oven, but it's not recommended. Baking avocados actually dries them out and makes them harder to peel. Instead, try these two methods to soften them up. Method 1: Cut the avocado in half lengthwise, remove the pit, and scoop out the flesh into a bowl. Mash the avocado with a fork. Add salt and pepper to taste. Method 2: Slice the avocado in half lengthways. Remove the pit and scoop out the flesh. Place the avocado halves cut side down on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Microwave on medium power for about 5 minutes, or until the avocado is softened.
Although "baked avocados" aren't going to replace
Baked avocados aren't going to replace real avocados any time soon. But if you're looking for a way to enjoy the fruit without having to peel it, this method works well.
Although baked avocados aren't really going to replace real avacado's anytime soon, they can still be a fun snack or appetizer. To bake an avocado, simply cut it in half lengthwise and scoop out the flesh into a bowl. Mash the avocado with a fork until smooth. Add salt and pepper to taste. Spread the mashed avocado onto a baking sheet lined with parchment paper or foil. Bake at 400 degrees F 200 C for about 10 minutes, or until warmed through. Serve immediately.
Baked Avocado – This recipe is from "Cooking Light" magazine. It's a great way to serve baked potato chips. Ingredients: 2 medium-sized ripe avocados about 1 pound
Can A Toaster Oven Replace A Microwave?
Yes! A toaster oven can replace a microwave. Many people think that a toaster oven cannot be used to bake breads, but it can. Breads can be placed directly into the toaster oven and baked. Baking breads in a toaster oven is very easy. Just place the bread in the toaster oven, set the timer, and walk away. The bread will be done when the timer goes off.
A toaster oven can replace any other appliance in your kitchen. It is a great way to save money because you only pay for what you use. It is also a good option if you don't have enough counter space for a full sized oven.
How Long Do Avocados Take To Soften?
Avocados take about 30 minutes to soften. This is why you should always buy avocados from a store where they know how long they will last.
How Do You Soften Avocados Quickly?
To quickly soften avocados, place them in a bowl filled with ice cold water. After 10 minutes, remove the avocado from the water and let it sit until it reaches room temperature. Then peel off the skin and slice the avocado.
Should You Refrigerate Avocados?
Avocados should never be refrigerated. This is because avocados are extremely perishable and if stored in the refrigerator, they will spoil very quickly. Instead, store them in a cool, dark area away from direct sunlight.
California's avocado experts
If you live in California, you know that avocados are not only delicious but also healthy. In addition, avocados are rich in nutrients such as vitamin C, potassium, fiber, folate, and monounsaturated fats. However, avocados are prone to bruising and ripening faster than other fruits. To avoid these problems, you should store avocados at room temperature about 70 degrees Fahrenheit and place them in a paper bag.
, unripe avocados may never fully ripen if you put them in the fridge.
Avocado is a fruit that grows in tropical climates. It is native to Central America and Mexico. Avocados are very popular because of their creamy texture and smooth flavor. Avocados are available year round but peak season is from September to December. Avocados are usually sold in supermarkets and grocery stores. Avocados are classified into two types – Hass and Fuerte. Hass avocados are larger and sweeter while Fuerte avocados are smaller and firmer. Avocados are used in many different ways. They are eaten raw, sliced, mashed, blended, fried, grilled, baked, and even turned into guacamole. Avocados are also used in salads, sandwiches, soups, desserts, and sauces.
How Long Do Avocados Last In The Refrigerator?
increases in size when it feels the rise in temperature and this is the reason for rice cooker boils over. The first reason is due to excess water causes boils over. If you add more amount of water in the cooker it will cause trouble and your rice may come out overcooked. Another reason is over the rise in temperature causes the rice cooker boiling over.
Ripe, unpeeled avocados
Avocado lifespan depends on how ripe they are. Ripe avocados last longer than unripe ones. Unripe avocados start to ripen after about 2 weeks in the refrigerator. Once they reach full maturity, they can stay in the fridge for several months.
Can You Freeze Avocados?
Yes, you can freeze avocados. To freeze avocados, cut them into halves or quarters and place them in a freezer bag. Make sure to label the bag with the date and contents. Place the bag in the freezer until frozen solid. Once frozen, transfer the avocado pieces to a storage container. Store the container in the freezer for up to 3 months.
You can freeze avocados for long-term storage, but
To freeze avocados, you can follow the same steps above. However, instead of cutting the avocados into halves or quarters, slice them thinly. This way, you won't lose any of the flavor. Transfer the slices to a freezer bag and freeze until frozen solid. Transfer the bag to a storage container and store in the freezer for up three months.
If you're looking for a new appliance, we've got you covered! Check out our top picks below.
Are Ziploc Bags Airtight?
Ziploc bags are great for keeping food fresh and airtight. However, if you put something into a ziploc bag and leave it outside, the contents could get wet from rain or snow. This could ruin the contents of the bag. What Is the Best Way to Store Food?
So, Is Nuking Avocados A Kitchen No-No?
Nuking avocados is not recommended because it damages the avocado's skin and flesh. It is better to cut off the top of the avocado and store it in the refrigerator. How To Keep Your Coffee Cold? How To Make Homemade Ice Cream Without An Ice Cream Maker?
How do you ripen avocados in 10 minutes?
To ripen avocados, place them in a paper bag with ripe bananas. This helps to ripen the fruit faster.
What is the fastest way to ripen an avocado?
Ripening avocados is a very easy process. Simply place the fruit in a paper bag and leave it in a warm area about 85 degrees for about 2 days. This method works well for any type of avocado. It


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Johari Window definition
Johari Window is a technique that aims to help people understand their emotional and physical relationship with self and other people. It is used in both a self-help context, group setting and in the corporate environment to improve individual and team performance.
The Johari Window concept was created by Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham in 1955 – some consider it derived from the psychological theories of Carl Jung.
Participants are given a list of 56 adjectives and told to select five or six they feel best describe their personality. Colleagues, peers, family members or friends (depending on the context) are then asked to do the same for the participant.
These answers are then mapped onto a grid of four different boxes:
- Arena: Adjectives selected by both participant and others, representing personality traits that are known to both groups
- Façade: Adjectives selected only by the participant, representing personality traits that outsiders are not aware of
- Blind spot: Adjectives chosen by others that the subject doesn't select, representing personality traits the subject is not aware of
- Unknown: Adjectives that were selected by neither party, either representing personality traits that don't apply to the participant or hidden traits that neither group are aware of
Once the grid has been mapped, both the participant and the other contributors are given the opportunity to inform each other of the adjectives that only they selected.


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Greater Sudbury is working on a roadmap for getting its underground water and sewer infrastructure in shape. Meeting on Tuesday, councillors got an overview of how the Water and Wastewater Master Plan will be developed. It will identify what the city needs to do to maintain its current system, as well as accommodate future growth. Council heard from Michelle Albert from WSP Toronto, the engineering consulting firm that is preparing the plan. She said it will outline a strategy for maintaining the infrastructure through 2041. She said it's an infrastructure planning study that will identify deficiencies, optimize the use of existing infrastructure, determine capital priorities and ways to accommodate growth. "There is a lot of wastewater infrastructure in the community," Albert said, adding the city has more than 800 kilometres of sewer infrastructure and 973 kilometres of water pipes, spread over a wide area across seven former municipalities.
- California's Dire Drought Message Wanes, Conservation Levels Drop
- WHY IT MATTERS: Infrastructure


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Online manuals, introductory examples, tutorials, and other documentation.
6.1 System and Loads
The example describes traffic loads running on a bridge construction, illustrating the module's application possibilities.
A truck with a load of 300 kN (tandem system with double axles) is running on a deck of 50 m x 8 m. On the second lane, the load position of a tandem axle system of 200 kN is parallel applied.
Additionally, a uniform loading of 9 kN/m² is acting on lane 1, and of 2.5 kN/m² on lane 2. It must be considered in a distance of 1.5 m in front of and behind the tandem axles.


text:
Navigating the social world is often a challenge for the students we support. We believe this is a challenge that each of our students can learn to overcome. Black Mountain Academy is a safe place to build friendship, work through social difficulty, and grow relationally.
Through supportive coaching, self-reflection, practice, and authentic social experiences we help students develop greater confidence and competence to manage the complexities of the social world. Our approach is to foster our students' inherent relational strengths while also guiding them at moments where they may become lost or overwhelmed in a relationship.
Research suggests that the more exposure one can have in a range of novel contexts, the greater the likelihood of generalizability back into different domains of life. Coaching, consistency, predictability, and routine help form the basis for self-regulation and greater self-awareness. As our students better understand themselves, they are able to set and achieve goals that improve their social lives and personal fulfillment.
Integrating Social Skills:
- In the moment social coaching
- Supportive peer, staff, and therapist feedback
- Formal social skills lessons
- Role Modeling from staff and peers
- Intentional social dialogue
- Practice and refinement
- Co-regulation training
- Emotional communication and self-regulation skills training
- Mindfulness practices aimed at increasing self-awareness
- Exercises to improve self-reflection


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How to make double hung windows using old materials
Use of double hung windows in homes is quite old and still there are large numbers of people who prefer them for their homes. The leading benefit of these windows is that they are suitable for almost every home. Generally, when it is the matter of double hung windows, people prefer to design their own windows with their own efforts. People prefer to design double hung windows by own efforts mainly because of the reason that they will get what exactly they want. Any material that suits the windows can be used for this tasks but majority of time people prefer old materials for designing the double hung windows.
There is lot of things that one has to keep in the mind before designing the double hung window through old materials. It is necessary to consider influences on a design before starting any work. Also it is better to have a look at the features of the design.
1. Selection of materials
When it is the matter of choosing old materials, there are large number of options that are easily available. Selection of materials depends upon on lot of things and especially on the type of weather on the place where these windows are to be installed.
2. Designing the double hung windows using wood
Wood is one of the better options for designing such windows. Generally, wood is one of the oldest materials available for this and is preferred for this task mainly because of its durability. For designing the double hung windows through wood, what one has to do is:
- Firstly, select the design and size of the window to be designed.
- Next step is to cut the wood as per the design. Cutting tasks include cutting of wood in different shapes and sizes so better is cut them with full concentration. For this, some of the tools are needed which can be taken on rent. Use of red cedar wood is a great option.
- Wooden parts can be joined using iron sticks.
- Paint the windows once they are installed because painting them before installation may destroy the paint during installation.
- Selection of glass is not a big task and majority of times a plain glass is used.
It must always be remembered that wood is not suitable for all weather conditions. Wood is a better option for places have less annual rainfall in a year.
3. Using iron for designing double hung windows
The use of iron for designing double hung window is quite common just like wood. The iron has its own merits and demerits over wood. The designing procedure of these windows through iron is same as design of windows through wood but there is one major issue with iron and that is cutting and designing of iron is quite hard and for this sometime complex tools are required. It is because of this reason, people do not prefer DIY task for designing double hung window through iron. Generally, iron double hung windows are suitable for majority of weather conditions.
4. Plastic is another wise choice
Just like iron and wood, plastic is another one of the oldest materials that is preferred by large number of people for designing double hung window in their own way. The leading advantage of plastic is that it is suitable for any design any size. Another advantage of plastic is its low cost and long life. Plastic has one leading disadvantage and that is it loses its grace, when come under direct sunlight and thus not suitable for places having dry atmosphere.
Some important things to be kept in mind while using plastic are:
- This material needs perfect cutting and a small variation in size may result in failure of entire design.
- Joining the plastic needs lot of care and thus task is performed by a burning process.
5. Installation of double hung windows
There are generally two sashes that one has to implement while designing the double hung windows. One sash is at the top of window while other at the bottom. Both of them are movable. Balancing devices are used for shifting the sashes up and down and they also support their movement as well. The overall weight of sash is balanced by overall weight of balancing devices thus windows can easily be set at any position.
Double hung windows can easily be designed using old materials and by preferring old materials one can have lot of benefits including cost saving and especially one can get the desired design for his/her double hung windows. Use of double hung windows designed with old materials has become a modern trend nowadays.


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We present a microlens array consisting of multiple liquid-based tunable-focus microlenses
omnidirectionally fabricated on a hemisphere, resulting in large field of view. Polymer bridge
structure is formed between microlenses to reduce the stress and deformation in each lens structure.
Each microlens in the array is formed via a water-oil interface at its lens aperture. Photopatterned
thermo-responsive hydrogel actuators are used to regulate the curvature of the water-oil interface,
thus tuning the focal length, ranging from millimeters to infinity.


Ways to handle bulk bags safely
When bulk bags are handled with care, they last longer. Bulk bags are an excellent choice for any company that wants to store or move large quantities of product. When purchasing these useful products, ensure that you choose a company that has the highest level of quality and have met regulatory requirements for design, transportation and storage.
Ways to handle bulk bags safely
1. Lifting
Before moving the bulk bag, check for visible damage to the loops or handles. Make sure that the current forklifts or lifting mechanisms used are rated to handle the weight of the filled bulk bag. When suspending them, use all of the lifting loops or handles provided. Verify that all of the loops are vertical and not twisted.
When lifting bulk bags, it is easier to steer the forklift forks into the loops if you approach the bag straight ahead rather than from an angle, aligning the front and back loop centres with each fork.
2. Storage
When you receive a shipment of bulk bags, make a clean, dry location for them – preferably out of the sun. This will protect the bags from severe weather, sunlight damage and other hazards that could jeopardise their durability and reliability.
Try using corrugated paper pallets instead of wood pallets to help protect the pallets from scuffing and contamination. You may store your bulk bags outside, but they can degrade if exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light for an extended period of time. UV inhibitors can be applied to the bags' woven fabric, but they do not last forever.
3. Stacking
When piling bulk bags on pallets, make sure the pallets are wider than the foundation of the bag. To ensure optimal stability, use a pyramid or assisted stacking approach. Each bag in a pyramid stack is positioned squarely and evenly distributed among four lower bags, creating a triangular shape.
These measures will contribute to the protection of your company's bulk bags and increase the durability of the bulk bags, lowering costs and risk and protecting your company from harm or damage while working.
Expand your horizons by consuming knowledge and improving your skills. We share ways to grow your business, educate yourself and acquire the necessary skills to succeed.
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Written by Kate Hawthorne
Hands typing on the keyboard of a laptop
Know your internet options: jargon explained
Unpacking the packaging design trends of the Covid-19 era
Unpacking the packaging design trends of the Covid-19 era


E(rror)
 CONSTRAINT def_OrderImportFileItems_Status DEFAULT 'N',
 Message nvarchar(2048) NULL,
 CONSTRAINT pk_OrderImportFileItems PRIMARY KEY (FileID, RowNo),
 CONSTRAINT fk_OrderImportFileItems FOREIGN KEY (FileID)
 REFERENCES OrderImportFiles (FileID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
 CONSTRAINT fk_OrderImportFileItems_Orders FOREIGN KEY (InternalOrderID)
 REFERENCES Orders(OrderID) ON DELETE SET NULL
)
FileID is a foreign key to OrderImportFiles and RowNo is the second part of the primary key. RowNo is a running number. The entire Order element is saved in the Data column as an XML document to be parsed later. However, we extract the Operation and OrderID attributes already when the file is loaded and store them in separate columns, mainly to make it easier to browse the table for humans. You may note that the OrderGuid column has the "wrong" data type and both Operation and OrderGuid are nullable. I will return to why it is so. InternalOrderID is set to Orders.OrderID when a new order is successfully created in our database, so that the process that produces the return file can include it in the file. The foreign key has ON DELETE SET NULL, since the deletion of an order should not be blocked by this row.
The Status column holds the state of this order. It is N until it is processed, and if it is successfully processed, Status is set to O. If there is a problem with the order, Status is set to E, and an error message is saved in the column Message. This information is helpful for local troubleshooting. The message is also included in the return file to the external system.
The Procedure AddOrderImportFile
We will now look at the procedures that process the order files. They are written from the assumption that the external order system is able to commit every error in the book. There are two approaches we can take: validate like crazy and raise errors or be liberal in what we accept. The latter is preferable only if there is no risk for confusion or misinterpretation.
In this procedure we are fairly liberal, because the purpose of this procedure is to store the file in the tables OrderImportFiles and OrderImportFileItems. We only refuse the file if we cannot do it safely. In the script, you find this procedure directly after ModifyExternalOrderDetail. This is one of the two procedures that are different in the SQL 2012 and SQL 2008 versions of the script. This is the SQL 2012 version (with one error message wrapped for legibility):
CREATE PROCEDURE AddOrderImportFile @Contents xml,
 @FileName nvarchar(500) AS
SET XACT_ABORT, NOCOUNT ON
BEGIN TRY
 DECLARE @FileID int,
 @FileGuidStr nvarchar(400),
 @FileGuid uniqueidentifier,
 @nodecnt int
 SELECT @FileGuidStr = T.c.value('@Guid', 'nvarchar(400)'),
 @nodecnt = COUNT(*) OVER()
 FROM @Contents.nodes('/Orders') AS T(c)
 IF @nodecnt <> 1
 BEGIN
 EXEC slog.sqleventlog_sp @@procid,
 'Malformed or empty XML, there should be a single Orders top node.'
 END
 SELECT @FileGuid = try_convert(uniqueidentifier, @FileGuidStr)
 IF @FileGuid IS NULL
 BEGIN
 EXEC slog.sqleventlog_sp @@procid,
 'The file %1 contains an invalid file GUID "%2",
 or the GUID is missing altogether',
 @p1 = @FileName, @p2 = @FileGuid
 END
 IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM OrderImportFiles WHERE FileGuid = @FileGuid)
 BEGIN
 EXEC slog.sqleventlog_sp @@procid,
 'The file with GUID %1 has already been imported.',
 @p1 = @FileGuid
 END
 BEGIN TRANSACTION
 SELECT @FileID = coalesce(MAX(FileID), 0) + 1
 FROM OrderImportFiles WITH (UPDLOCK)
 INSERT OrderImportFiles(FileID, FileName, FileGuid)
 VALUES(@FileID, @FileName, @FileGuid)
 INSERT OrderImportFileItems (FileID, RowNo,
 Operation,
 OrderGuid, Data)
 SELECT @FileID, row_number() OVER(ORDER BY T.c),
 upper(ltrim(T.c.value('@Operation', 'varchar(100)'))),
 T.c.value('@OrderID', 'nvarchar(400)'), T.c.query('.')
 FROM @Contents.nodes('/Orders/Order') AS T(c)
 COMMIT TRANSACTION
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
 IF @@trancount > 0 ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
 EXEC slog.catchhandler_sp @@procid
 RETURN 55555
END CATCH
The first check is already in the procedure header. If the file is not valid XML, the call will fail.
Next we do two validations: we count the number of top nodes and we attempt to extract the Guid attribute which is supposed to be there. Let's first look at the node count. What if the XML file looks like below, is this a problem or not?
<Orders Guid="...">
 <Order OrderID="..." ...>
 ...
</Orders>
<Orders Guid="...">
 <Order OrderID="..." ...>
 ...
</Orders>
I did test the code with XML like this, and all orders in both Orders elements were processed as expected. So why not be liberal and accept this? The problem is with the Guid attribute. The way our code is written, we would only read one of them, and it's undefined which. So while we would process the orders, the response would be wrong, because all responses would be for the same file GUID. Of course, we could fix our code to handle the situation. However, as it stands, we have agreed with the supplier that they are to send us XML documents and an XML document has a single root node; the above is an XML fragment.
Next is the validation of the Guid attribute. You may note that we extract it as nvarchar(400) and then convert this string to uniqueidentifier. By bouncing the value over a string variable, we can produce a more exact error message if the value is not correct GUID. Why the variable is overly long, is something I will return to; we will encounter more examples of this technique.
The function try_convert() returns NULL if the conversion fails. It was added in SQL 2012, and the code for SQL 2008 does instead have this:
BEGIN TRY
 SELECT @FileGuid = convert(uniqueidentifier, @FileGuidStr)
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
END CATCH
Not only is it bulkier, there are also complications if there is an active transaction, something I will return to later.
Once the format of the GUID has been validated, I check for duplicates. I debated with myself whether I would permit the supplier to send a corrected file which would be accepted if the original file had not yet been processed, but I decided that this was out of scope for V1. However, rather than letting the UNIQUE constraint hold the axe, I perform an explicit check in order to produce a better error message.
At this point the transaction starts. I first acquire a FileID by rolling my own; since I don't expect more than a handful of calls per day, I see no reason to use IDENTITY. I insert information about the file as such into OrderImportFiles, and then I shred the document into orders. I store each order as an XML document in a row in OrderImportFileItems. I extract the operation and the order ID to their separate columns. Note this:
 upper(ltrim(T.c.value('@Operation', 'varchar(100)'))),
 T.c.value('@OrderID', 'nvarchar(400)')
Again, I extract the values to string columns far longer than needed for the expected values. Furthermore, the columns are nullable. At this point I don't want any run-time errors due to bad data. I also take the occasion to strip any leading spaces from Operation and I convert it to all uppercase to be liberal.
The procedure does not check that the file actually includes any orders (which could be because the supplier neglected that XML is case-sensitive and put ORDER in the tag). Partly this is due to that this check did not occur to me until I had completed testing the script. But maybe that check is better part of the response process which could include a message File empty.
The procedure closes with a standard CATCH block.
Note: The issue with misspelled XML elements could be handled by using typed XML schema collections. Whether this is a good idea or not is certainly beyond the scope


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Tree diameter growth is sensitive to environmental fluctuations and tropical dry forests experience high seasonal and inter-annual environmental variation. Tree growth rates in a large permanent plot at Mudumalai, southern India, were examined for the influences of rainfall and three intrinsic factors (size, species and growth form) during three 4-year intervals over the period 1988–2000.
Most trees had lowest growth during the second interval when rainfall was lowest, and skewness and kurtosis of growth distributions were reduced during this interval. Tree diameter generally explained <10% of growth variation and had less influence on growth than species identity or time interval. Intraspecific variation was high, yet species identity accounted for up to 16% of growth variation in the community. There were no consistent differences between canopy and understory tree growth rates; however, a few subgroups of species may potentially represent canopy and understory growth guilds. Environmentally-induced temporal variations in growth generally did not reduce the odds of subsequent survival.
Growth rates appear to be strongly influenced by species identity and environmental variability in the Mudumalai dry forest. Understanding and predicting vegetation dynamics in the dry tropics thus also requires information on temporal variability in local climate.
Volume 48, 2023
Continuous Article Publishing mode
Click here for Editorial Note on CAP Mode


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MiniKiwi Farm Sp. z o.o.
64-212 Siedlec, Poland
In the second half of April every year in a couple of nights, the temperature drops below zero degree. To protect the young shoots against freeze we used sprinklers for applying water to plants. This is the first year in which we've used this system. The thermometer showed temperature about minus 2 degrees, in the ground minus 3.5 degree.
Let's hope this is the end of spring frost season.


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I am trying to find out what formula to use for the above issue. If I do a gravity measurement above a volcanic chamber, what do I have to do? I thought about adding the Bouger corrections, as it is a mountain I am measuring on, but I do not know the density of the mountain, only for the bedrock around the crater. How do I do this, then? I found something about "buried bodies", but I do not know if you can name a chamber (="hole") a buried body. Can someone help out?
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1 Answer 1
As I recall you calculate the (repulsive) force from a body of negative matter the same size as the hole, then you add that to the Earth's gravity with no hole. The result is to reduce the Earth's gravity slightly.
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