print cursor
Example of digitizing positions in a photocopy or laserprint. Digitized positions on different pages can be visualized and superimposed digitally to link copies or prints to the same machine or eachother.
Printer defects are another example. Defects have been marked with the Digitization plug-in and the measured points have been used to create a vectorized overlay (click on the image to see the overlay). The overlay shows the marks and the results of the analysis: straight lines fitted through the defects.
The relative positions of the defects can be compared to link different documents to eachother or to a suspected printer.


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Basically that is the question - if we have a DVI file can we get on the base on it the original TeX file?
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no, that is not possible. – Herbert Mar 4 '12 at 17:39
It is comparable to the task of decomposing a once baked cake into its ingredients. – Thorsten Donig Nov 11 '12 at 8:42
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4 Answers
The simple answer is no. If you have a dvi and have lost the TeX there are tools such as dvi2tty which will extract the text and some of the paragraph structure, but in general you will have to add the markup back by hand.
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Somewhat alike to disassembling a compiled executable: Yes, technically it can be done - but you will lose much of the information that was contained in the original TeX source.
For example, the DVI contains the text "see also chapter 11.2".
You might be able to turn this into text again, but the information that this was originally written as see also chapter \ref{sec:FooBar} is irrevocably lost.
Since this is the case, I don't think anyone has ever made the effort to write such a DVI-to-text converter, since the usability of such text would be severly limited.
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No, technically it cannot be done. DVI, PDF and postscript contain text arranged on a page according to instructions in a (La)TeX document. You can extract the text, and you can try to guess at commands that would generate a similar page, and you might even guess well. But you'd be doing it by matching the result. If there is a number in the text, for example, you can never know for sure if it was typed literally or came from a TeX counter. Imagine eating a cake and trying to reconstruct the recipe: If you're good you can identify the ingredients and guess a lot about what was done, but the recipe itself is not in the cake.
Despite what some others said, it's not at all like disassembling: Executable code contains the algorithm, and disassembly just translates it to a human-readable language. Going from dvi to LaTeX is more like trying to reconstruct a C program from its output: Reverse engineering is a better term for it.
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PS files would be tremendously difficult to convert back to TeX.
With DVI files I think it would at least be partially possible. Of course all high-level macros and stuff like that would be lost. Compare the task to recovering, e.g., C++ code from a compiled binary file.
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Charles N. Haskell
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Charles Nathaniel Haskell
Governor haskell.JPG
1st Governor of Oklahoma
In office
November 16, 1907 – January 9, 1911
Lieutenant George W. Bellamy
Preceded by Frank Frantz
as Territorial Governor
Succeeded by Lee Cruce
Personal details
Born (1860-03-13)March 13, 1860
Leipsic, Ohio
Died July 5, 1933(1933-07-05) (aged 73)
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Resting place Muskogee, Oklahoma
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s) Lucie Pomeroy Haskell
Lillian Gallup Haskell
Profession teacher, lawyer
Religion Methodism
Charles Nathaniel Haskell (March 13, 1860 – July 5, 1933) was an American lawyer, oilman and the first governor of Oklahoma. As a delegate to Oklahoma's constitutional convention, he played a crucial role in drafting the Oklahoma Constitution and gaining Oklahoma's admission into the United States as the 46th state in 1907. A prominent businessman in Muskogee, Oklahoma, he helped the city to grow in importance. He represented the city as a delegate in both the Oklahoma convention and an earlier convention that was a failed attempt to create a U.S. state of Sequoyah.
During Oklahoma's constitutional convention, Haskell succeeded in pushing for the inclusion of prohibition and blocking the inclusion of women's suffrage in the Oklahoma Constitution. As governor, he was responsible for moving the state capital to Oklahoma City, establishing schools and state agencies, reforming the territorial prison system, and enforcing prohibition.
Lee Cruce succeeded Haskell, who died of a stroke in 1933.
Early life and education[edit]
Born in West Leipsic, Ohio on March 13, 1860, Charles Haskell was the son of George R. Haskell, a cooper who died when the boy was three years old. His mother, Jane H. Reeves Haskell, worked for the local Methodist church as a bell ringer and custodian to support the six children.[1] At the age of 10, he started working as a farm boy for a farmer named Miller in Putnam County, Ohio, where he lived and worked for eight years as he grew into adulthood. Miller was a school teacher, but as the young Haskell had to work, he did not have time to attend school. Instead, Miller's wife taught him at home and Haskell earned a teaching certificate at age 17.
Private career[edit]
Haskell became a teacher at age 18 and taught for three years in Putnam County. On December 6, 1880, he passed the bar exam, and became a practicing attorney at age 20 despite having no academic training in the field. In his work as an attorney, Haskell became one of the most successful lawyers in Ottawa, Ohio, the county seat, as well as one of the most prominent members of the Democratic Party in northwestern Ohio. In 1888, Haskell started work as a general contractor; for the next 16 years, his business career gave him an understanding of American industrialism. During this time, he lived in New York City and in San Antonio, Texas.[1]
Marriage and family[edit]
Haskell married Lucie Pomeroy, daughter of a prominent Ottawa family, on October 11, 1881. After they had three children together, she died in March 1888. Their children were Norman, who became a Muskogee lawyer; Murray, a bank cashier; and Lucie.[1]
Haskell remarried in 1889, to Lillie Elizabeth Gallup. They also had three children together: Frances, Joe and Jane.[1]
Move to Muskogee[edit]
Haskell moved to Muskogee, Oklahoma, where he would become a prominent resident.
With the Land Run of 1889 and the passage of the Organic Act in 1890, Oklahoma Territory was gaining importance on the national scene. Haskell moved his family to Muskogee, the capital of the Creek Nation, in March 1901. When he arrived, Haskell found Muskogee a dry, sleepy village of some 4,500 people. Upon his arrival a movement of building business blocks began and he built the first five-story business block in Oklahoma Territory.
Haskell organized and built most of the railroads running into Muskogee. He is said to have built and owned 14 brick buildings in the city. Through his influence, Muskogee grew to be a center of business and industry with a population of more than 20,000 inhabitants.[1] Haskell often told others that he hoped Muskogee would become the "Queen City of the Southwest."
His success earned him clout in the politics of Indian Territory and the attention of the Creek Nation. During this time, the Native American nations in Indian Territory were talking of creating a state and joining the Union under the name of the State of Sequoyah. The Creeks selected Haskell as their official representative to the conventions, in the position of vice-president for the Five Civilized Tribes, held in Eufaula, Oklahoma in 1902 and Muskogee in 1905. Of the six delegates at the Muskogee convention, all were of Native American descent, save two: Haskell and William H. Murray. Even though U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt blocked the attempt to create Sequoyah, Haskell wrote a large portion of the proposed state's constitution. Though Haskell publicly worked for a separate state for Indian Territory, privately, he was thrilled to see the Sequoyah proposal defeated. Haskell believed it would force the Indian leaders to join in statehood with Oklahoma Territory.
The United States Congress and President Roosevelt agreed that Oklahoma and Indian Territories could only enter the Union as one state, the State of Oklahoma. After the federal passage of the Enabling Act in 1906, Haskell was elected as a delegate by the largest margin in the new state, representing the seventy-sixth district, which included Muskogee. Traveling to Guthrie and the Oklahoma Constitutional convention on November 20, 1906, Haskell would meet William H. Murray from the Muskogee convention and Robert L. Williams. Because of their meetings at both conventions, Haskell would gain a friendship with Murray that would last until the end of his life.
The delegates to the Guthrie convention included many of those who had served in the Sequoyah convention in Muskogee, and a number of the ideas proposed for the new constitution were based upon the rejected Sequoyah constitution. Haskell owned the New State Tribune, and through its editorial columns advocated for the propositions he wanted in the new constitution, most of which were incorporated into the document, in substance if not in form. While Murray served as the convention's president, delegates recognized Haskell's power in the body. A local newspaper during the time, the Guthrie Report, called Haskell "the power behind the throne."
Haskell had a perfect attendance and voting record during the session. He advocated for provisions that affected both territories' labor problems and avocation for representatives of organized labor. Haskell also drafted a report drawing up county boundaries, led the crusade for state prohibition, introduced Jim Crow laws and successfully kept female suffrage out of the state constitution.
Gubernatorial campaign[edit]
William Jennings Bryan supported Haskell in his 1907 campaign.
At Tulsa on March 26, 1907, during the recess before the final adoption of the constitution by the convention, Haskell held a large Democratic Party banquet at the Brady Hotel, attended by between 500 and 600 of the leading Democrats of the new state. During this banquet, the first campaigns for governor were formally inaugurated. It was during the course of that evening that Haskell was presented by his friends with the honors of the Democratic gubernatorial candidacy. Among the other potential candidates were Thomas Doyle of Perry and Lee Cruce of Ardmore. Haskell, like other prominent Democrats at the time, had the strong support of labor and agriculture leaders.[2]
Unfortunately for Haskell, the primaries for governor were set for June 8, and Doyle and Cruce had already been campaigning; Haskell had little time. During his campaign, Haskell made 88 speeches in 45 days, and reached nearly every county, while the lieutenants of the respective candidates were vigorously working in the school districts and securing support in every community. Haskell's hard working nature led him to win the Democratic nomination. Haskell's victory in the primaries was carried by a more than 4,000-vote majority. He immediately confronted a new opponent in the opposite party, the Republican territorial governor, Frank Frantz, who was nominated by the Republican caucus at Tulsa.
Frantz, the current territorial governor, a former Rough Rider, a friend of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, and with the federal prestige and support backing him, was the strongest candidate the Republican party could have presented to face Haskell. Haskell challenged his opponent to joint public discussions throughout the state, and every problem concerned with the administration of the new state came up in debate during the campaign.
During the course of the campaign, two nationally prominent figures spoke at various locations: Republican presidential nominee William Howard Taft and Democratic presidential nominee William Jennings Bryan. Unfortunately for the Republicans, Taft's disapproval of Oklahoma's proposed constitution and his advice that the people vote against it caused the voters to react in favor of the Democrats. Haskell won the gubernatorial race by more than 30,000 votes on September 17, 1907.[1] On the same day, the voters ratified the Oklahoma Constitution.
After Haskell's election


text:
FEBRUARY 6, 2012
They Wove for Horses: Diné Saddle Blankets opens at the Museum of Indian Arts and Culture on March 25, 2012 and runs through August 8, 2013. The exhibition highlights both the textile-weaving proficiency of Diné weavers who produced complex saddle blankets for all occasions and the design skills of Diné silversmiths who created dazzling headstalls of silver and turquoise.
The saddle blankets on exhibit date from 1860 to 2002 and are arranged by weaving methods: tapestry weave; two-faced double weave; and twill weaves of diagonal, diamond, and herringbone patterns. By using a variety of warp and weft yarns—natural wool, cotton, angora mohair, unraveled bayeta, and Germantown—weavers added individuality to the everyday and fanciful tapestries they created for horses.
Horse trappings on exhibit reveal the great pride that Diné horsemen took in their horses and how they adorned them for ceremonial and social events. The Diné first learned how to manufacture saddles and bridles from neighboring cultures and their proficiency quickly surpassed that of their mentors. That devotion resonates still, as the horse remains a viable living force in Diné life today.
Early Saddle Blankets
Before saddle blankets, sheepskin or angora mohair hides were used as saddle pads and bedrolls. As the Diné acquired domesticated sheep from the Spanish, they began to weave saddle blankets, first in a tufted mohair style
In time, plain-weave tapestry blankets evolved into geometric motifs, and designs ranged from simple—as in banded patterns—to complex—as in the various twills and doubleand two-faced weaves.
Early nineteenth-century accounts indicate that bridles used by Diné horsemen at the time consisted of tanned leather embellished with silver ornaments. These likely were obtained from outside sources until silversmithing techniques became part of the Diné repertoire. Atsidi Sani (ca. 1830–ca. 1918) often is referred to as one of the first of the Diné to learn the trade, in the mid-nineteenth century. Soon after, the Diné surpassed their peers, becoming proficient in crafting and trading horse trappings, and renowned for creating elaborate harnesses with silver headstalls and bits.
When the Diné obtained handmade saddles, improvements again were fast to come. They replaced simple string cinches with elaborately hand-woven straps with designs as intricate as those on saddle blankets and throws. The cinches, whether woven before being attached to the cinch ring or woven on the ring from the start, often were of hand-spun and hand-plied yarn that would reduce chafing. For added comfort, hand-woven saddle blankets were devised to go under saddles and provide padding so that cinches could shift as horses navigated diverse terrain. Hand-woven saddle throws were more for show, basically fancy blankets placed over saddles for social events.
Early Diné Horse Culture
Before the arrival of the horse, foot travel was a constant challenge for the Diné and other tribes in the vast Southwest. When horses were introduced to the region by Spaniards, in the sixteenth or early seventeenth century, the lifestyle and culture of the Diné dramatically changed. Horses provided mobility and increased opportunities for hunting, trade, raiding, and advancement.
When Spanish colonizers retreated during the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 they left behind thousands of Spanish-bred horses—primarily Spanish barbs—in the Rio Grande area. The Diné and other tribes increased their herds and, for men, owning horses meant added prestige, as well as an important means to better provide for and defend families or extended clan families.
The Diné honor the horse in traditional stories, songs, and ceremonies. And, the heritage of horsemanship continues to thrive on the reservation, alongside more recent interests, such as cowboying and rodeo. Today, the fruits of early innovations in the artistry of trappings, from bridles to blankets, are the very foundation of many Diné artists' livelihood.
Steve Cantrell, PR Manager
Located on Museum Hill™, the Museum of Indian Arts & Culture shares the beautiful Milner Plaza with the Museum of International Folk Art. Here, Now and Always, a major permanent exhibition at the Museum of Indian Arts & Culture, combines the voices of living Native Americans with ancient and contemporary artifacts and interactive multimedia to tell the complex stories of the Southwest. The Buchsbaum Gallery displays ceramics from the region's pueblos. Five changing galleries present exhibits on subjects ranging from archaeological excavations to contemporary art. In addition, an outdoor sculpture garden offers rotating exhibits of works by Native American sculptors.
The Museum of Indian Arts & Culture is a division of the Department of Cultural Affairs.
Information for the Public
Location: The Museum of Indian Arts & Culture is located on Museum Hill™, Camino Lejo off Old Santa Fe Trail.
Information: _PHONE_ or visit _URL_
Days/Times: Tuesday through Sunday, 10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Between Memorial Day and Labor Day the Museum is also open on Monday.
Admission: Adult single-museum admission is $6 for New Mexico residents, $9 for nonresidents; OR $15 for one-day pass to two museums of your choice (Museum of Indian Arts & Culture, Museum of International Folk Art, New Mexico Museum of Art, and Palace of the Governors/New Mexico History Museum) OR $20 four-day pass to the four museums listed above. Youth 16 and under, Foundation Members, and New Mexico Veterans with 50% or more disability always free
Sundays: New Mexico residents with ID are admitted FREE, Students with ID receive a $1 discount. Wednesdays: New Mexico resident seniors (60+) with ID are free.
Field Trips: There is no charge for educational groups attending the museum with their instructor and/or adult chaperones. Contact the Tours office by phone at _PHONE_ or _PHONE_ to arrange class/group visits to the Museum.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Golang program to check given number is EVEN or ODD
Here, we are going to learn how to check given number is EVEN or ODD in Golang (Go Language)?
Submitted by Nidhi, on February 16, 2021
Problem Solution:
In this program, we will read an integer number from the user and check the given number is EVEN or ODD.
Program/Source Code:
The source code to check the given number is EVEN or ODD is given below. The given program is compiled and executed successfully.
// Golang program to check given number is
// EVEN or ODD.
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
 var num int=0
 fmt.Printf("Enter number: ")
 fmt.Printf("Number is EVEN")
 fmt.Printf("Number is ODD")
Run 1:
Enter number: 10
Number is EVEN
Run 2:
Enter number: 11
Number is ODD
In the above program, we declare the package main. The main package is used to tell the Go language compiler that the package must be compiled and produced the executable file. Here, we imported the fmt package that includes the files of package fmt then we can use a function related to the fmt package.
Here, we created the main() function. The main() function is the entry point for the program. In the main() function, we created the variable num, which is initialized with 0. Then we read the value from the user. After that, we checked the given number is divisible by 2. If the given number is completely divisible by 2 then the given number will be an EVEN number otherwise number will be ODD.
Golang Basic Programs »
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text:
Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
versión impresa ISSN _PHONE_
The species of Psocoptera currently known for Brazil are listed, with state distribution and biogeographic status. The categories of geographic distribution are discussed, as well as some of the evidence indicating that the present size of the Brazilian fauna is underestimated.
Palabras llave : Psocodea; Psocoptera; Brazil; geographic distribution.


text: Blood is the source of life. You can only get blood when you come in contact with sharp objects. And thus, the SHS logo derived from which is represented by two sharp looking blades correlating to the idea of cutting-edge Haematological Science. The two sharp blades which encircle the centre of the attraction, blood cells are intentionally placed opposite each other to simulate the idea of embracing the science of blood in the quest to unravel greater knowledge from this discipline which requires sharp and critical thinking skills. The blades also form a rough idea of an eye when taken in unity with the other elements in the logo. This communicates the vigilance, surveillance or a watchful eye in this area of science. The whole logo is presented with red being the main colour simply because blood is warm and you can only get fresh red blood from those who are alive. The fade effect is used to create a sense of motion, that of uncertainty slowly transiting into clarity. This very much relates to what Science is all about. Things only get clearer when you explore what is not known yet. Knowledge is an endless journey of exploring.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Meteorite (biome)
From Terraria Wiki
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A Meteorite biome is a location where a Meteorite has crash-landed. When this event occurs, it leaves a crater lined with Meteorite ore somewhere in the World. This event always occurs off-screen, so the player will only see a message and the resulting crash site, but never the impact itself. Meteorite biomes have the same theme music as the Blood Moon, but somewhat different spawned enemies, though there is only one unique enemy type: the Meteor Head.
Meteorite crash sites provide Meteorite, a crafting material that can be crucial to game advancement. Meteorite Ore requires a Gold or Platinum Pickaxe or better to mine. Touching Meteorite blocks causes damage to the player, unless they have the Obsidian Skull, Obsidian Shield, Obsidian Horseshoe or Ankh Shield accessory equipped, or are using an Obsidian Skin Potion.
When a Meteorite crash occurs, the player is notified by a chat message: "A meteorite has landed!". Meteorites can land anywhere, including Floating Islands, inside of a Chasm, or the Dungeon. Meteorites can even land at the bottom of a body of water. The Meteorite replaces dozens of blocks deep with Meteorite in a crater pattern.
Warning: If you have built a skybridge, the meteorite will not land beneath it. If a meteorite strikes your skybridge, only the bridge is converted into Meteorite ore. A meteor's blast radius is ~20 blocks.
[edit] Contents
Meteorite (biome)
Enemies Unique drops
Meteor Head.png Meteor Head
From Meteor Heads/terrain:
From Meteor Heads
[edit] Conditions
A Meteorite crash site has a 50% chance of spawning the next midnight after a Shadow Orb or a Crimson Heart is smashed. (The meteorite, if rolled, will spawn immediately if the Orb is smashed between midnight and dawn.) Additionally, each night has a 2% chance that a Meteorite will fall, if at least one Shadow Orb or Crimson Heart has already been smashed in the World.
Once the conditions are met, multiple Meteorites will land in a World over time. However none will fall if there are already a certain number of Meteorite blocks above 0 depth. The limits are:
 - Small worlds: 400
 - Medium worlds: 600
 - Large worlds: 800
16% of the world centered on your spawn point is protected from falling meteors. Also, meteors won't fall within 25 blocks of a player, NPC or a chest.
[edit] Mining
A player fights off Meteor Heads in a semi-mined meteorite crash-site.
Main article: Meteorite
The Meteorite's primary use is in providing the player with Meteorite ore, allowing them to craft Meteorite Bars at a Furnace to then craft a variety of items.
Meteorite requires a Gold or Platinum Pickaxe or Bombs/Dynamite to mine and an Obsidian Skull, Obsidian Shield, Obsidian Horseshoe, or Obsidian Skin Potion in order to touch its blocks without taking damage. Mining can be achieved without Obsidian equipment, as picking up mined Meteorite Ore does not cause damage, though the player will likely have a harder time without being able to walk on Meteorite blocks. Mining without Obsidian equipment can be done safely by covering the meteor site in a single layer of sand blocks, creating a platform that follows the top layer of Meteorite as it is mined away.
Meteor Heads will continuously spawn and attack as the player is in the vicinity of a Meteorite crash site that hasn't been mined away yet. Meteor Heads fly, follow the player as they move, and can pass through all blocks, so it can be difficult for players without good defenses and weapons to attempt to mine Meteorite.
Once most of the Meteorite has been mined away (less than 50 Meteorite blocks remain unmined; about 10%), the area will cease to be considered a Meteorite biome. The music will change back to normal and Meteor Heads will stop spawning, although the remaining Meteor Heads will still attack. Afterwards, the remainder of the Meteorite can be safely mined or ignored.
[edit] Tips
 - Meteorites impact the highest-altitude blocks they encounter in a given area. If you have built a sky bridge, even one composed of Wood Platforms, the Meteorite has a good chance of landing on that bridge. Having a low density of blocks to replace means you will not obtain the intended yield of Meteorite from the event. It may be advisable to destroy any paths in the sky before destroying a Shadow Orb in order to get the full yield of Meteorite, as it is a valuable resource and the event can be rare. If you have an abundance of Wire and Active Stone Blocks, you could also create a Sky Bridge with these materials, then switch off the Bridge before smashing a Shadow Orb.
 - A pickaxe can be used to knock back Meteor Heads if the player strategically repositions themselves as they spawn.
 - With two players, one player with the Vilethorn can protect the mining player rather easily if they stick together. (The Vilethorn will kill a Meteor Head in one direct hit, and it goes through walls as do the Meteor Heads.
 - If only one player is available, quickly switching between the Vilethorn and a Pickaxe to, respectively, defend yourself from the Meteor Heads and mine the Meteorite will be sufficient to mine the Meteor with relative ease.
 - Even if a meteorite lands on a Floating Island, Harpies and Wyverns will not stop spawning.
 - Console only.pngIn Hardmode, it can be useful to place enough Meteorite Ore in Underground Hallow, Underground Corruption, Underground Crimson, Underground Jungle or Underground Snow to spawn Meteor Heads instead of Hardmode Enemies, enabling an easy way of collecting Souls and Biome Key Molds.
 - NOTE: In the PC version, Meteor Heads no longer drop anything once Hardmode is activated. Although this makes the technique useless for obtaining enemy drops, it remains useful for mining relatively unimpeded.
 - If a piece of Obsidian equipment isn't available, it's worth noting that angled Meteorite blocks can be touched without taking damage. Leaving a brick alone every few rows and angling it with a Hammer will allow you to use it as a platform to dig deeper down.
Bug.png Bug : If a meteorite falls in the Crimson, the Crimson music will still play when near the meteorite. Meteor Heads will still spawn. Corruption biomes appear to act the same way.
Bug.png Bug : A meteorite has an extremely rare chance that it may crash into your world even though no Crimson Hearts or shadow orbs have been broken yet.
[edit] History
Game mechanics


text:
: the caste title Gounder and the clan name, example Perungudi. Nowadays it is common for people not to use any of these titles. So a Konguvel, son of Shanmuganathan, of say Erode, would call himself Konguvel Shanmughanathan, instead of the traditional Erode Perungudi Konguvel Gounder. This practise is of very recent origin though. Wife or child takes the given name of the husband or father (Usha married Satish, and may therefore be called Usha Satish or simply S. Usha). In many communities, especially Christian, names are formed by the given name as the first name, the family name and house name as the middle name(s) and the father's/husband's given name as the last name. Thus, the last name changes with each generation. The house name would also change as generations move out of their consanguineal family homes with the changing ownership of property upon the death of the patriarch. The Dravidian movement in the beginning of 19th century was instrumental in knocking off the concept of surnames in Tamil Nadu. Since many companies in the industrially rich Tamil Nadu managed to filter candidates just by looking at their names, the movement went on to such an extent that surnames/castenames were simply refused at primary school levels. The movement went so active that even Streets, roads and galis where names with caste name was published, road-tar was applied on caste names. For instance in a Ranganatha Mudaliar street, the
Mudaliar name was struck off with tar, leaving the street as Ranganathan Street. Similar was the case with almost all castes, Now it's hard to find a Mudaliar, Nadar, Pillai,
Goundar, Iyer, Chettiar etc in any public display. Only on arranged marriages, people feel proud to publish their caste names. In cases where people arrange their own marriages (intercaste / inter religion), the caste name almost vanishes. Hence the famous "ETHIRAJA MUDALIAR College" in Chennai is simply "ETHIRAJ COLLEGE" or "Kamaraja nadar road" is simply "Kamaraj road". This is being welcome my politicians from UP, Bihar etc.
Jains generally use Jain, Shah, Firodia, Singhal or Gupta as their last names. Sikhs generally use the words Singh ("lion") and Kaur ("princess") as surnames added to the otherwise unisex first names of men and women, respectively. It is also common to use a different surname after Singh in which case Singh or Kaur are used as middle names (Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Surinder Kaur Badal). The tenth Guru of Sikhism ordered (Hukamnama) that any man who considered himself a Sikh must use Singh in his name and any woman who considered herself a Sikh must use Kaur in her name. Other middle names or honorifics that are sometimes used as surnames include Kumar, Dev, Lal, and Chand.
The modern day spellings of names originated when families translated their surnames to English, with no standardization across the country. Variations are regional, based on how the name was translated from the local language to English in the 18th, 19th or 20th centuries during British rule. Therefore, it is understood in the local traditions that Agrawal and Aggarwal represent the same name derived from Uttar Pradesh and Punjab respectively. Similarly, Tagore derives from Bengal while Thakur is from Hindi-speaking areas. The officially-recorded spellings tended to become the standard for that family. In the modern times, some states have attempted at standardization, particularly where the surnames were corrupted because of the early British insistence of shortening them for convenience. Thus Bandopadhyay became Banerji, Mukhopadhay became Mukherji, Chattopadhyay became Chatterji etc. This coupled with various other spelling variations created several surnames based on the original surnames. The West Bengal Government now insists on re-converting all the variations to their original form when the child is enrolled in school.
Javanese people are the majority in Indonesia, and most do not have any surname. There are many individuals who have only name, such as "Suharto" and "Sukarno". These are not only common with the Javanese but also with ethnic groups who do not have the tradition of surnames. If, however, they are Muslims, they might opt to follow Arabic naming customs.
Many surnames in Ireland of Gaelic origin derive from ancestors' names, nicknames, or descriptive names. In the first group can be placed surnames such as McMurrough and McCarthy, derived from patronymics, or O'Brien and O'Grady, derived from ancestral names.
Gaelic surnames derived from nicknames include Ó Dubhda (from Aedh ua Dubhda - Aedh, the dark one), O'Doherty (from dochartaigh, "destroyer" or "obtrusive"), Garvery (garbh, "rough" or "nasty"), Manton (mantach, "toothless"), Bane (bán, "white", as in "white hair"), Finn (fionn, "fair", as in "fair hair"), and Kennedy (cinnéide, "ugly head").
In contrast to England, very few Gaelic surnames are derived from placenames or venerated people/objects. Among those that are included in this small group, several can be shown to be derivations of Gaelic personal names or surnames. One notable exception is Ó Cuilleáin or O'Collins (from cuileann, "Holly") as in the Holly Tree, considered one of the most sacred objects of pre-Christian Celtic culture. Another is Walsh (Breatnach), meaning Welsh.
In areas where certain family names are extremely common, extra names are added that sometimes follow this archaic pattern. In Ireland, for example, where Murphy is an exceedingly common name, particular Murphy families or extended families are nicknamed, so that Denis Murphy's family were called The Weavers and Denis himself was called Denis "The Weaver" Murphy. (See also O'Hay.)
For much the same reason, nicknames (e.g. the Fada Burkes, "the long/tall Burkes"), father's names (e.g. John Morrissey Ned) or mother's maiden name (Kennedy becoming Kennedy-Lydon) can become colloquial or legal surnames. The Irish family of de Courcy Ireland became so-named to distinguish them from their cousins who moved to France in the 17th and 18th centuries.
In addition to all this, Irish speaking areas still follow the old tradition of naming themselves after their father, grandfather, great-grandfather and so on. Examples include Mike Bartly Pat Reilly ("Mike, son of Bartholomew, son of Pat Reilly"), John Michel John Oge Pat Breanach ("John, son of Michael, son of young John, son of Pat Breanach"), Tom Paddy-Joe Seoige ("Tom, son of Paddy-Joe Seoige"), and Mary Bartly Mike Walsh ("Mary, daughter of Bartly, son of Mike Walsh"). Sometimes, the female line of the family is used, depending on how well the parent is known in the area the person resides, e.g. Paddy Mary John ("Paddy, son of Mary, daughter of John"). A similar tradition continues even in English-speaking areas, especially in rural districts.
Some Irish surnames can be mistaken for non-Irish. Anglicization of many surnames has been so thorough that bona-fide Irish names such as Crockwell and Harrington appear to be English. Other Irish names can appear to be German (Bruder), Italian (Costello), or even Polish (Comiskey).
i, ian, deh, dust, fard, far, ju, iya, nia, nizhad (or nejad), oo, par, parast, pour, rad, vand, vard, yar, zadeh, zad, zand
Sometimes name of cities or towns are attached as the last word in the family name such as: Tehrani, Shirazi, Esfahani, Tabrizi, Zanjani, Angurani, Samani, Farahani
Some common Persian last names are: Afsar, Agassi, Alivandi, Alizadeh, Amanpour, Ansari, Anvari, Ariani, Arki, Ashtari, Azria, Bahari, Bahrami, Bakhtiari, Bateni, Bozorgi, Dashti, Davoodi,, Ebadi, Elmi, Emami,Esfahani, Fakoor, Farahani, Feiz, Firozi, Gharani, Gharibpour, Ghasemi, Golzari, Hosseini, Kalbasi, Karimi, Kashani, Kiani, Kiyanfar, Kiyanpour, Loghmani, Mehranzadeh,Milani, Mirzapour, Motallebzadeh, Najafi, Nakhudeh, Niyazfar, Omidifar, Ovisi, Ovasi, Rabiee, Rahimi, Rastinpour, Rezaei, Rouzrokh, Samani, Sarafpour, S


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Tyler's city limits covered just 100 acres in first survey in 1847
The city of Tyler's limits are ever-evolving.
Tyler's limits covered 100 acres after its first plat survey in 1847 when it was just a "village," according to survey records. Today, the city limits include 57.16 square miles, more than 36,500 acres.
Trees marked the north, east, south and west corners of the 100-acre 1847 limit. A 15-inch Red Oak marked the northwest corner. Two hickories marked the northeast corner, and groves of black-jack trees marked the southeast and southwest corners.
The town site included five streets running north and south, and four streets running east and west, most of them originally named after prevalent trees along the way. A small federal courthouse was built on the north side of the square.
The four east-west streets were Locust, Cherry, Walnut and Elm while avenues running north and south were called Federal Court House, Spring, Broadway Hickory and Washington.
Cherry Street was named for a large wild cherry tree, but it was changed in 1856 to Ferguson Street in honor of Alfred W. Ferguson, who built the first brick structures in the town.
Walnut Street was named after two large groves of hickory trees one mile out from the courthouse at each end of the street. It was renamed Erwin Street the same year as Ferguson, to honor Col. Thomas B. Erwin, a prominent resident who built a two-story colonial home on property formerly used as a pecan shellery and canning station.
Federal Court House became "Fannie Street," to honor the daughter of Tyler's first established attorney Stephen Reaves.
The street eventually was changed to Fannin. Hickory Street became College Avenue in 1886 in honor of East Texas College.
Washington Street became Bois d' Arc after hedges of trees planted by a resident with land along the street.
In 1850, the city government was incorporated and a mayor and four aldermen were named. They served 276 residents -- 174 men and 102 women. A description by an unnamed man in Smith County Historical Society annals recounted Tyler as having 200 inhabitants, one school, six businesses, one hotel, one blacksmith shop, one tailor and a "substantial little building where they kept violators of the law."
Farming spurred much of Tyler's early growth before the railroad brought a "growth spurt," amateur historian and attorney Randy Gilbert said.
Tyler expanded its city limits for the first time in 1888, according to city maps. But the expansion added around 2,000 acres, especially north because of the railroad and a population boom.
The city's population grew to 6,098 by 1890 compared to 2,423 in 1880, more than 150 percent.
George Yarborough built the first "addition" on 28 acres about a half-mile outside of Tyler's limits in the mid-1870s. He split the lots into one, two and four-acre lots.
After the Civil War and up to the emergence of the automobile, people lived close to where they worked, he said, meaning growth potential was limited.
"Most people walked to their shops or their jobs," he said. "After the automobile there was opportunity for greater expansion and the idea of suburbs."
Tyler again expanded in 1937, almost doubling in size, but still well within Loop 323 (which came in the mid-1950s). The next significant expansion by the city that reached beyond Loop 323 came in the 1970s as Tyler's population swelled to more than 57,700.
Today, the city's estimated inhabitants number more than 109,000, City Planner Heather Nick said.
All information, unless otherwise noted, is from the Smith County Historical Society.


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Article: A lysorophid amphibian from the Coal Measures of northern England
A description is given of the presacral vertebrae and ribs of a lysorophid amphibian from the Middle Coal Measures (Westphalian B) of Northumberland. The specimen is the earliest lysorophid yet described and is the first certainly identifiable member of the group to be recorded from any horizon outside North America. An isolated presacral vertebra from an unknown Coal Measures horizon at Low Moor, West Yorkshire, may represent additional evidence of lysorophids in the British Carboniferous. Lysorophids appear to have been present in both lacustrine and coal swamp pool environments in the Upper Carboniferous as well as surviving in'red bed' environments in the Lower Permian in North America.


Farm, sell & earn on CropBytes like in the real world.
CropBytes Game Economy Explained.
CropBytes - crypto economy explained
CropBytes is a farming simulation game with a virtual economy. Players use real cryptocurrencies for money in the CropBytes economy.
Economic activities like producing, buying & selling help the economy grow. Every asset in the game is essential to the economy, they have real value and are tangled with economic activities.
The game replicates the real world by being volatile & transitional. Players create economic trends & by playing out their strategies in the game.
Image for post
"CropBytes is a real-life simulation in a virtual world that uses cryptocurrency"
Here is an example of how it works:
The animals who consume 'Corn Feed' are more in numbers. They collectively require 1000 Corn Feed' a day, while daily 'Carrot Feed' required in the economy is 300.
Carrot Crops' take 5 days to grow, while 'Corn Crops' take 1 day. Only one crop can grow at a time on a piece of 'Crop Land'.
Players are free to produce crops and fruits of their choice. To grow their business, players will ideally grow crops that have higher demand. Though its hard to say what other farmers are growing.
Let's consider a situation where 'Carrot Feed' has a higher demand in the market, What will happen?
 - The price of 'Carrot Feed' will rise.
 - Players will stop growing corn and grow carrots instead.
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80–90% of players are growing carrot crops now. Players with multiple lands are growing both.
The demand for 'Corn Feed' will be the same as before, but supply will not be adequate & cause the price to rise.
Image for post
This cycle is present in the real world, It is recreated in the CropBytes economy all by itself!
CropBytes is the most advanced simulation game with carefully crafted economics to give life like experiences in the virtual world, and tangible profits in the real world.
As more players join, the economy grows, activity increases, and so does the real-world value of the game. Enabling players to make more profits for time and money invested in the game.
The future of gaming is here.
Start Now!
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1. Home
 2. Docs
 3. Using Sentry AI on Blue Iris
 4. Recommended configuration
 5. Zones & Hotspots
Zones & Hotspots
When the camera is triggered by motion, Blue Iris sends Sentry AI the first frame of the motion clip. Under some special settings and camera positions, the motion is triggered first and the human only appears many frames later resulting in false negatives.
One way to fix the problem is to define an area of interest (zone). In the sample image below, Blue Iris is configured to create a motion alert only if there is activity in front of the door.
This technique is very useful at front doors. If the camera is not positioned perfectly, then often times the camera triggers when the front door is opened but the person only exits the door many frames later resulting in many false negatives.
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Emotions in sheep
Sheep love company. Researchers have found that sheep can remember the faces of 50 other sheep for at least two years.
Like humans, sheep also seem to find familiar faces comforting. Researchers found that when sheep were socially isolated the sight of familiar sheep face pictures compared with those of goats or inverted triangles significantly reduced behavioural and physiological measures of stress.
Researchers have also found that sheep can recognise emotions in facial expression, not only in their species but also in humans.
Dr Keith Kendrick at Cambridge University and colleagues have discovered that sheep prefer smiling or relaxed human faces, over angry or stressed ones.
"Sheep are able to recognise faces that differ by less than 5% so we thought perhaps they could recognise emotions which are much more subtle," Dr Kendrick said. "It turns out they can, both human, smiling versus angry; and sheep, stressed versus calm."
Scientists presented the sheep with two doors they could push open to gain food. On one would be a picture of a smiling human or a happy sheep, on the other an angry human or a stressed out sheep. "They vastly preferred to press the smiling human or the animal that has just had a meal and is feeling all right with life," said Dr Kendrick.
The research has wide reaching implications for animal welfare. Dr Kendrick said: "This does open up the possibility that they have much richer emotional lives than we would give them credit for. If sheep, which in terms of domestic animals tend to be right down the bottom of the league table for intelligence, can do this then the likelihood is that other species can too."
When there is no common verbal language between people we can look at a person's facial expressions and use these to assess how he or she is feeling. Expression of emotions in humans has been extensively studied through changes in facial features. Of course the more different an animal and its' face is to a human the more difficult this method becomes.
It has been shown that individual recognition in farmed animals such as sheep and cattle is partly based on facial features. Researchers have now borrowed techniques used in human psychology to study sheep's facial features and postures and attempted to find convenient physical indicators to reliably infer their emotions.
Compared to other mammals sheep have more simple facial muscles and thus don't appear to have a wide array of facial expressions. However, they do have several muscles for rotating their ears. The researchers investigated whether measuring ear postures in sheep could be used to accurately infer their emotions.
Previous studies have shown that sheep appear to have the potential to feel a wide range of emotions, including fear, anger, rage and despair. The researchers now found that they could link specific ear postures with specific emotional experiences.
For example, the backward ear posture which is associated with unfamiliar and uncontrollable unpleasant situations could express fear, the raised ear posture displayed in response to an unfamiliar but controllable unpleasant situation could characterise anger and the asymmetric ear posture that is mainly displayed in response to sudden situations could express surprise. These findings support the intuitive knowledge of people such as farmers who work closely with sheep and have learnt to understand their expressions.
The researchers believe it's safe to assume that sheep do not only show emotions but also 'feel' them too.
The researchers noted that interpretation of ear postures could be used to assess and improve farming practices from the viewpoint of sheep by helping us to understand what a given animal is feeling at a certain time. Also, findings from assessment of emotional states in sheep may be readily transferable to other closely related prey species.
Other scientists take a more holistic approach to assessing how animals are feeling by looking at their whole bodies and behaviour rather than focussing on certain features.
This experiment, and other like it, show that by adapting and applying models developed for humans in a manner appropriate for each different species, we can increase our knowledge about the emotions other animals can feel.
 - Kendrick K. M, da Costa A. P, Leigh A. E, Hinton M. R and Peirce J. W 2001 Sheep don't forget a face. Nature 414, 165-166
 - Kendrick K. M, Man M, Leigh A. E and da Costa A. P 2004 Face pictures reduce behavioural, autonomic, endocrine and neural indices of stress and fear in sheep. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, vol. 271 no. 1552, 2077-2084
 - Boissy A, Aubert A, Désiré L, Greiveldinger L, Delval E and Veissier I 2011 Cognitive sciences to relate ear postures to emotions in sheep. Animal Welfare Volume 20, Number 1: 47-56(10)
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kidzsearch.com > wiki Explore:images videos games
Great Northern Diver
|Great Northern Diver|
| Gavia immer|
The Great Northern Loon breeds in North America, Greenland, Iceland, and Scotland. This species winters on sea coasts or on large lakes of south Europe and the United States, and south to northwestern areas of Africa.
This species, like all divers, is a specialist fish-eater. It catches its prey underwater, diving as deep as 200 feet (60 m). Freshwater diets include pike, perch, sunfish, trout, and bass; salt-water diets consist oinclude rock fish, flounder, sea trout, and herring.


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If you are frustrated about how to transfer your Kodak videos from Kodak Camera to Mac, then you can try this, the Mac Video Converter for Kodak Camera. This is the specifically designed video converter for those who are using Mac OS and want to convert their Kodak videos from Kodak Camera on Mac. With it, you can convert your Kodak videos from Kodak Cameras to all the current used formats, like avi, mp4, mkv, mov wmv, mpg, , dv, flv, swf, 3gp, mov, etc. In addition, you can also extract the audio files from Kodak videos and save them in mp3, aac, ac3, aiff, amr, flac, mka audio format.
More than running the conversion between video or audio formats, this Mac Video Converter for Kodak Camera can also serve as a Kodak Camera Video Converter for you to customize your own Kodak videos by, for instance, trimming, cropping, splitting, or merging.
As to trimming and cropping, you can just cut down your preferring part of the video; splitting, you can divide your video into several sections; merging, you can joint two video into one with the video converter.
Since it's such a useful and all-in-one Kodak Camera video converter for Mac, how can we use it? You can follow the specific steps below to have a try:
In this step, you can download the video converter free on trial and remember to have it installed.
In the second step, you can simply double click the converter icon to launch it and then import your Kodak videos on it. You can load the videos by hitting the "Add Files" in the upper-left corner of the interface, then you should single click your to-be-convert video to import them. Batch conversion is available.
This is the most important step here, you should choose the target format to output. You can make it just striking the "Convert to" bar and choose the exact output format you need. Also, you can select your output path by hitting the "Save to" bar.
In the last step, you should start to convert your Kodak video by clicking the big round orange button, that is, the "Convert" button. After the conversion, you can find your converted videos by hitting the "Open" button in the bottom of the interface.
Best program to convert AVCHD MTS, M2TS , AVCHD Lite to MOV, MP4,etc.on Mac with original quality.
Transfer videos from portable cameras to any other popular format file on Mac for further use.
Mac DVD burning program to burn videos to DVD on Mac and create DVD menu with stylish template.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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|Used in||Rotary Kiln|
Blast Furnace II
Arc Furnace II
|Transported by||U-shape Conveyor [II • III]|
Pickup • Truck • Haul Truck (Dump)
|Stored in||Loose Storage [II • III • IV]|
Limestone is a non-renewable natural resource found only on the island. It is obtained solely via mining in a Designations. It is a required ingredient for the production on Cement, Glass Mix, and late-game Molten Copper. It can also be used as an input in the conversion of excess Sulfur into Slag, though care should be given to monitor resource levels to avoid exhausting Limestone mines.
Each Home Island contains varying amounts of natural resources. This amount is modified by the resources size modifier on the Map Selection screen while the amount which can be extracted per tile is further affected by the ore mining yield modifier on the Game Difficulty screen. Neither modifier can be changed once the island has been founded.
|Map||Iron Ore||Copper Ore||Gold Ore||Coal||Limestone||Crude Oil||Rock||Sand||Dirt||Groundwater||Wood|
|The Golden Peak||2,200,000||2,100,000||7,300,000||1,900,000||1,400,000||110,000||26,000,000||680,000||4,100,000||63,000||93,000|
|File:Insula Mortis.png Insula Mortis||8,700,000||2,900,000||2,800,000||3,900,000||1,400,000||220,000||46,700,000||760,000||6,300,000||60,000||120,000|
|You Shall Not Pass||8,300,000||10,600,000||3,300,000||4,100,000||7,800,000||100,000||71,100,000||8,300,000||6,300,000||99,000||100,000|
It should be noted that most of the above natural resources are non-renewable, though the following exceptions apply:
- Dirt can be created by dumping Compost onto the ground.
- Sand can be created from Rock by processing it in a Crusher to produce Gravel, then crushed again into Sand.
- Rock itself is non-renewable on the Home Island but can be imported infinitely from the Rock Mine.
- While non-renewable, it should be noted that it is very unlikely that the island will run out of Rock before all of the ores.
- Wood is indefinite, since Trees can be planted with a tree planter and imported indefinitly from a Sawmill resource.
- Since wood can be easily turned into Coal with a Coal Maker (requiring no Maintenance, nor Power), Coal is also indefinite.
- Water can be indefinitely collected by 4 different ways:
- Rain replenishes the Natural Groundwater Resource lode (which can be pumped with a Groundwater Pump).
- Rain can also be collected directly with the use of a Rainwater Harvester.
- Seawater can be pumped limitlessly from the sea with a Seawater Pump(Tall) (This method requires the post processing of the Seawater into the Water.)
- Imported indefinetly from a Groundwater Well resource.
- With water being limitless, it also makes several of it's (and Seawater's) subproducts indefinite, such as: Steams( Hi • Lo • Dep), Brine, Chlorine, Sulfur, Ammonia, Nitrogen, Hydrogen and propably more..
- Oxygen (and Nitrogen) can be harvested indefinitely with a Air Separator.
- Crude Oil consumption can potentially be avoided in the late game using the Biodiesel technology for Diesel and Naphtha Reforming for Naphtha.


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The Koninklijke Nederlandse Politiehond Vereniging (KNPV) is a dog sport originating in Holland that uses a number of exercises in an attempt to mimic situations encountered by police k9 units. One such exercise is centered around a search for small articles.
The KNPV small articles search takes place in a square section of grassy field. Three small objects, such as a key, a ring, a bullet casing, or a coin, are placed on the field. The dog then has 10 minutes to search the field and retrieve the objects. The handler is permitted to give basic commands instructing the dog to search, stay or release the retrieved object. A retrieval time of under 3 minutes is required to obtain a perfect score, while the dog is also graded on general obedience, the manner in which it searches the field, and how it handles the objects during the retrieval stage.
The intent of this exercise is to train the dog to act in a manner that mimics a police search for evidence. Unfortunately, the way this exercise is performed by the KNPV presents a number of problems when compared against what would be required of a search conducted by actual police forces. One of the biggest problems is that the dog is trained to mouth the object, pick it up and bring it back to the handler. In a real police search, investigators wear latex gloves to avoid disturbing the evidence any more than absolutely necessary. To have the dog mouth a piece of evidence might completely ruin it. The correct action for the dog to take would be to indicate passively by sitting next to the found article. Secondly, because KNPV is a sport, the exercises are performed with specific regulations concerning the search area. During a search, an officer can almost never rely on evidence being simply dropped in a perfectly square patch of grassy field.
The most important thing to remember is that KNPV, like all other dog sports, is just a sport. Police dogs, protection dogs and guard dogs alike need to be trained to handle real situations from the very beginning. Training for sport just isn't good enough for work in the real world.


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Halloween, Valentine's Day Found to Influence Birth Timing
Halloween and Valentine's Day appear to influence when expecting mothers give birth, new research at the Yale School of Public Health has found. Halloween, with its symbolism of witches and death, is treated as an unfavorable day for childbirth. In contrast, Valentine's Day, with its symbolism of flowers and love, is treated as a favorable day for childbirth. The study found a decrease in births on Halloween and an increase on Valentine's Day. The association of the two holidays with birth patterns was shown for the first time. On Halloween there was a 5.3 percent decrease in spontaneous births and a 16.9 percent decrease in cesarean births, compared to other births occurring within one week before and one week after the October holiday. Whereas, on Valentine's Day there was a 3.6 percent increase in spontaneous births and a 12.1 percent increase in cesarean births.
"The study suggests that beliefs arising from our culture can have a greater impact on physical functioning than we might suspect," says Becca Levy, lead author and associate professor of epidemiology and psychology at Yale. Study co-authors were Martin Slade and Pil Chung, also at Yale. The findings show that pregnant women may have some control over the timing of spontaneous births—traditionally believed to be beyond their control—and that scheduled births are also affected by the symbolism of the two holidays. The study drew on birth-certificate information for all births in the United States across 11 years. The Halloween period included 1.8 million births, and the Valentine's Day period included 1.6 million births. The findings are published in the current issue of the journal Social Science and Medicine.
This article was submitted by Denise L Meyer on June 22, 2012.


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Design of physical systems and associated control systems are coupled tasks; design methods that manage this interaction explicitly can produce system-optimal designs, whereas conventional sequential processes may not. Here we explore a new technique for combined physical system and control design (co-design) based on a simultaneous dynamic optimization approach known as direct transcription, which transforms infinite-dimensional control design problems into finite dimensional nonlinear programming problems. While direct transcription problem dimension is often large, sparse problem structures and fine-grained parallelism (among other advantageous properties) can be exploited to yield computationally efficient implementations. Extension of direct transcription to co-design gives rise to a new problem structures and new challenges. Here we illustrate direct transcription for co-design using a new automotive active suspension design example developed specifically for testing co-design methods. This example builds on prior active suspension problems by incorporating a more realistic physical design component that includes independent design variables and a broad set of physical design constraints, while maintaining linearity of the associated differential equations.
- Design Engineering Division and Computers and Information in Engineering Division
Co-Design of an Active Suspension Using Simultaneous Dynamic Optimization
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Allison, JT, & Han, Z. "Co-Design of an Active Suspension Using Simultaneous Dynamic Optimization." Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. Volume 5: 37th Design Automation Conference, Parts A and B. Washington, DC, USA. August 28–31, 2011. pp. 903-913. ASME. _URL_
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Software & AppsOperating SystemLinux
How To Configure mupen64plus Controls on Ubuntu
Ubuntu 14
Mupen64plus is a command-line N64 emulator for Linux, Mac OSX, FreeBSD, and Windows. It allows you to play games designed for the Nintendo 64 console on your Ubuntu system. One of the most important aspects of using an emulator is configuring the controls. This article provides a detailed guide on how to configure mupen64plus controls on Ubuntu.
Quick Answer
To configure mupen64plus controls on Ubuntu, you have several options. You can use a GUI frontend like M64py, edit the configuration file manually, or use tools like jscal and jstest to determine button and axis mappings. Each method provides a way to customize your controls according to your preference.
Method 1: Using a GUI Frontend
M64py
M64py is a popular GUI frontend for mupen64plus. It provides a user-friendly interface to configure the controls.
After downloading and installing M64py, launch the application. You will see a controller configuration section. Here, you can set up your controls according to your preference. Once you have configured the controls, you can either launch your games directly from M64py or run the command mupen64plus /path/to/rom in the terminal.
Method 2: Editing the Configuration File
If you prefer to manually configure the controls, you can do so by editing the mupen64plus configuration file.
Locating the Configuration File
The configuration file is located at ~/.config/mupen64plus/mupen64plus.cfg. Open this file in a text editor.
Configuring the Controls
Within the configuration file, locate the section related to the controller settings. Here, you will find the mappings for buttons and axes. You can modify these mappings according to your preferences. Once you have made the necessary changes, save the file. The new configuration will be applied the next time you run mupen64plus.
Method 3: Using jscal and jstest
Another method to configure mupen64plus controls involves using the jscal and jstest tools. These tools help you determine the button and axis mappings.
Installing jscal
First, install jscal by running the following command in the terminal:
sudo apt-get install joystick
This command installs the joystick package, which includes jscal.
Calibrating the Joystick
Next, calibrate your joystick using jscal to ensure accurate readings.
Testing the Buttons and Axes
To test the buttons and axes, run the following command:
jstest-gtk /dev/input/js0 &
This command opens a GUI for button and axis testing. Press the buttons on your controller to identify their corresponding axes or buttons.
Modifying the InputAutoCfg.ini File
Once you have determined the mappings, you can edit the InputAutoCfg.ini file located at /usr/share/games/mupen64plus/InputAutoCfg.ini. Find the section for your controller and modify the settings according to the mappings you determined earlier. Save the changes. The new configuration will be applied the next time you run mupen64plus.
Conclusion
Configuring mupen64plus controls on Ubuntu can be done in several ways. Whether you prefer using a GUI frontend like M64py, editing the configuration file directly, or using jscal and jstest, this guide provides the necessary steps to configure your controls. Happy gaming!
What is mupen64plus?
Mupen64plus is a command-line Nintendo 64 emulator that allows you to play N64 games on your Ubuntu system. It is available for Linux, Mac OSX, FreeBSD, and Windows.
How can I configure mupen64plus controls on Ubuntu?
There are multiple methods to configure mupen64plus controls on Ubuntu. You can use a GUI frontend like M64py, edit the configuration file manually, or use the jscal and jstest tools. The article provides step-by-step instructions for each method.
Where can I download M64py?
You can download M64py from the SourceForge website. Use the following link to download the latest version: M64py
How do I locate the mupen64plus configuration file?
The mupen64plus configuration file is located at ~/.config/mupen64plus/mupen64plus.cfg. You can open this file in a text editor to manually configure the controls.
What is 'jscal' and how can I install it?
jscal is a tool that helps you calibrate and configure joysticks. To install jscal, run the following command in the terminal: sudo apt-get install joystick
How do I calibrate my joystick using 'jscal'?
After installing jscal, you can calibrate your joystick by running the jscal command followed by the device path of your joystick. For example: jscal /dev/input/js0
How can I test the buttons and axes of my joystick?
To test the buttons and axes of your joystick, you can use the jstest-gtk tool. Run the command jstest-gtk /dev/input/js0 & in the terminal. This will open a GUI for button and axis testing.
Where can I find the 'InputAutoCfg.ini' file?
The InputAutoCfg.ini file is located at /usr/share/games/mupen64plus/InputAutoCfg.ini. You can edit this file to modify the controller settings according to your joystick's mappings.
How do I launch games in mupen64plus?
Once you have configured the controls, you can launch games in mupen64plus either by using a GUI frontend like M64py or by running the command mupen64plus /path/to/rom in the terminal. Replace /path/to/rom with the actual path to your game's ROM file.
Can I use mupen64plus to play Nintendo 64 games on other operating systems?
Yes, mupen64plus is available for Linux, Mac OSX, FreeBSD, and Windows. You can use it to play Nintendo 64 games on any of these operating systems.
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Visual String Transformation using Damerau-Levenshtein distance in T-SQL
The fuzzy-string matrix below shows one of the simplest ways to transform
4 Changes are required, so
4 is the
Distance between the strings, which is 57.14% of the longer length.
(A large percentage means the strings are very different;
a small distance means the strings are very similar. More explanation follows the matrix;
technical details and SQL source code can be found at SQLServerCentral.)
Visually follow the simplest path of Changes from top-left to bottom-right in bold.
Each cell displays the cumulative number of Changes required to arrive there,
and what type of Change is required to arrive there from the previous cell, as follows:
- Equality (e): Move diagonally down right, because there is no Change (the letters from String1 and String2 match).
- Substitute (s): Move diagonally down right, by replacing the letter from String1 with the different letter from String2.
- Delete (d): Move down from the previous row, by removing the letter from String1.
- Insert (i): Move right from the previous column, by adding the letter from String2.
- Transpose (t): Move diagonally down and right twice as one Change, by swapping the letter from String1 with the next one.
Calculation of Changes starts from the top-left cell.
(You can hover your mouse pointer over each cell to see the calculations.)
To produce the numbers in each cell,
the first (0th) row and column are initialized with the positions of the letters in the strings.
For each cell after that, the number of Changes required to arrive there is calculated as the minimum of:
- Equality (e): The Changes from the cell diagonally above left (if the letters from String1 and String2 match).
- Substitute (s): The Changes from the cell diagonally above left, plus one (if the letters from String1 and String2 are different).
- Delete (d): The Changes from the cell above, plus one.
- Insert (i): The Changes from the cell to the left, plus one.
- Transpose (t): The Changes from the cell diagonally above left twice, plus one (if the current letters are swapped with the cell above left).
Upon arrival at the bottom-right cell, the total number of Changes is known.
If that number is all you are interested in, you can stop calculation.
But when you want to see the simplest path,
it is determined by working backwards from bottom-right to top-left,
following the direction of the minimum Change in each cell.
(If the top or left edge is reached before the top-left cell,
then the type of Change in the remaining cells is overwritten,
with Inserts or Deletes respectively.)
Shortcuts are available, if you want to stop comparison when the strings are determined to be "too different"
(that is, after more than a certain number of Changes have been identified). You can visualize these by selecting a Change Limit above:
- At any point in the comparison, the best case is that the rest of the strings are identical,
which would mean traveling down the diagonal ending at bottom-right.
Therefore, you can stop at the first of those cells (highlighted silver) that has too many Changes (in red text).
- Once the simplest Change path has diverged too much from the diagonal ending at bottom-right, only more Changes can bring it back.
Therefore, you need only calculate the cells in a stripe within your desired Change Limit
to either side of the diagonal.
The Changes in the uncalculated cells directly above and to the left of the calculated area can be assumed to be the Change Limit plus one.
If the strings are different lengths, the stripe is narrowed by that difference,
which is the distance between the diagonal starting at top-left (highlighted white)
and the diagonal ending at bottom-right,
because the optimal path must stay within the Change Limit of both diagonals.
- Comparison is guaranteed to stop, so there is no need to calculate at all,
if the Change Limit is less than the difference in lengths between the strings.
Also, comparison is guaranteed to succeed, so there is no need to calculate at all,
if the Change Limit is not less than the length of the longer string
(because then every letter could be different).
Caveat: There may be other equally simple ways (same number of Changes) to transform String1 to String2, but no simpler way.
Except, because this is the "direct" Damerau extension of the Levenshtein algorithm (allowing each substring to be modified only once), there may be a simpler way in the following scenarios:
- Transpose two letters, and then insert a sequence of letters between them (TO→OST theoretically could be just 2 Changes, but this implementation will report 3).
- Delete a sequence of letters, and then transpose the two letters that have become adjacent (OST→TO theoretically could be just 2 Changes, but this implementation will report 3).
(We are willing to accept that limitation, because those scenarios are unlikely to be accidental typographical errors, and the intent here is to count unintentional human errors.)
Note also that since only single letters are compared, Unicode Canonical Equivalence of multi-character sequences cannot be considered here
(strings must be normalized before comparison).
Although this site uses a binary collation for comparison (for complete case-sensitivity and accent-sensitivity),
you can choose to implement this code with a different collation.


ations. Let R = k[t_0,..., t_n]. The homogeneous ideal R_+ = \bigoplus_{d \ge 1} R_d is called the maximal homogeneous ideal (see also irrelevant ideal). As in the affine case, we let: for a subset S \subseteq \mathbb{P}^n and a homogeneous ideal I of R,
\operatorname{I}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(S) &= \{ f \in R_+ | f = 0 \text{ on } S \}, \\
\operatorname{V}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(I) &= \{ x \in \mathbb{P}^n | f(x) = 0 \text{ for all }f \in I \}.
By f = 0 \text{ on } S we mean: for every homogeneous coordinates (a_0 : \cdots : a_n) of a point of S we have f(a_0,\ldots, a_n)=0. This implies that the homogeneous components of f are also zero on S and thus that \operatorname{I}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(S) is a homogeneous ideal. Equivalently, \operatorname{I}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(S) is the homogeneous ideal generated by homogeneous polynomials f that vanish on S. Now, for any homogeneous ideal I \subseteq R_+, by the usual Nullstellensatz, we have:
\sqrt{I} = \operatorname{I}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(\operatorname{V}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(I)),
and so, like in the affine case, we have:[4]
There exists an order-reversing one-to-one correspondence between proper homogeneous radical ideals of R and subsets of \mathbb{P}^n of the form \operatorname{V}_{\mathbb{P}^n}(I). The correspondence is given by \operatorname{I}_{\mathbb{P}^n} and \operatorname{V}_{\mathbb{P}^n}.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Atiyah-MacDonald 1969, Ch. 7
 2. ^ Kollár, János (October 1988), "Sharp Effective Nullstellensatz", Journal of the American Mathematical Society 1 (4): 963–975, doi:10.2307/_PHONE_
 3. ^ Sombra, Martín (February 1999), "A Sparse Effective Nullstellensatz", Advances in Applied Mathematics 22 (2): 271–295, doi:10.1006/aama._PHONE_
 4. ^ This formulation comes from Milne, Algebraic geometry [1] and differs from Hartshorne 1977, Ch. I, Exercise 2.4


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Tip of the Day : SQL Server Tutorial - INSERT Statement 101
Error Messages
Home > SQL Server Error Messages > Msg 420 - The text, ntext, and image data types cannot be used in an ORDER BY clause.
SQL Server Error Messages - Msg 420 - The text, ntext, and image data types cannot be used in an ORDER BY clause.
Error Message
Server: Msg 420, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The text, ntext, and image data types cannot be used
in an ORDER BY clause.
Causes:
As the error message suggests, you cannot use a column of text, ntext or image data type as part of the ORDER BY clause in a SELECT statement.
To illustrate, let's assume that you have the following table in your database:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Notes] (
[NotesID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1),
[NotesOwner] VARCHAR(20),
[NotesText] TEXT )
You want to get all the records from the [dbo].[Notes] table but instead of sorted by the notes ID (NotesID) or notes owner (NotesOwner), you want the result be sorted by the notes text (NotesText).
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[Notes]
ORDER BY [NotesText]
Issuing this SELECT statement will generate the following error message:
Server: Msg 420, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The text, ntext, and image data types cannot be used in an ORDER BY clause.
Solution / Work Around:
One way to work around this limitation is to CAST or CONVERT the TEXT/NTEXT data type column into either VARCHAR or NVARCHAR data type.
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[Notes]
ORDER BY CAST([NotesText] AS VARCHAR(8000))
If the column is of NTEXT data type, you can CAST it to NVARCHAR, but with only a length of 4000 since this is the maximum length allowed by a NVARCHAR data type:
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[Notes]
ORDER BY CAST([NotesText] AS NVARCHAR(4000))
Related Articles :


text:
How does a Jeep diesel hydraulic radiator fan work?
The Jeep diesel radiator fan is completely different than anything you've seen on other engines. Instead of using an electric fan or a mechanical fan with a viscous clutch, Jeep uses a hydraulic radiator fan. The hydraulic radiator fan receives power steering fluid pressure from the power steering pump.
How does the Jeep diesel regulate engine cooling?
Jeep uses a hydraulic radiator fan on the 5.7L and 3.0L diesel engine. The hydraulic radiator fan has a two stage G-rotor hydraulic motor that's powered by high pressure power steering fluid provided by the power steering pump.
The fan control solenoid regulates flow to the hydraulic motor by pulsing the power steering fluid based on commands from the fan control module (FCM). See inputs below.
The Jeep shop manual warns that: "The hydraulic fan and drive is not serviceable. Therefore any failure of the fan blade, hydraulic fan drive or fan shroud requires replacement of the fan module because the fan blade and hydraulic fan drive are matched and balanced as a system and servicing either separately would disrupt this balance."
Fan control module operation
The FCM determines hydraulic radiator fan speed by monitoring inputs from three sensors:
Engine coolant temperature (ECT)
Transmission oil temperature (TOT)
AC System pressure
Based on the inputs from these three sensors, the FCM determines duty cycle on the fan control solenoid and thus regulates hydraulic radiator fan speed. WARNING: Even when the engine doesn't require cooling, the fan will still run at idle at speeds between 100 and 500-RPM. This is due to the minimum flow required to flow through the G-rotor motor.
What goes wrong with the Jeep hydraulic radiator fan system?
The most common problem with the system occurs when a sensor reading is out of range. For example, a high AC pressure reading will cause the radiator fan to run at high speed at all times. Always start your diagnosis by checking the readings from the ECT, TOT and AC pressure transducer. If the readings are within range, use a scan tool to check the pulse width commanded by the fan control module.
Other problems with the Jeep hydraulic radiator fan system
Make sure you're using the proper power steering fluid. There's no such thing as a "universal" power steering fluid.
Check power steering fluid level and condition.
Check the condition of the filter at the bottom of the power steering fluid reservoir.
Check for debris clogging the power steering oil cooler.
©, 2019 Rick Muscoplat
Posted on by Rick Muscoplat


text:
3D CRS with global optimization
Author: Yujiang Xie
Download: 3D CRS with global optimization
The software introduced three optimization algorithms to simultaneously search the 3D ZO CRS attributes, which includes the particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and the Powell conjugate direction (PCD) algorithm as well. The PSO used in this software is contributed by Shi and Eberhart (1998), and the codes are developed by Lucas. The GA codes are obtained from Google, and being incorporated into 3D ZO CRS by Lucas. The PCD codes are taken from the Numerical Recipes in C. Cambridge, and modified by Lucas for the 3D ZO CRS attribute search. Based on our tests, the PCD is performed well for non-smooth objective function, but might be failed in the objective semblance function which is data dependent and also might have much local maxima. The challenge of the PCD method incorporated into the 3D ZO CRS attribute search is to calculate the step length in each conjugate direction, further 3D work can focus on this. In 2D CRS case, the Coarse Grid Search (CGS) is proposed by Philipp Witte to find a close-by, relatively large maximum before the Powell method, but the CGS method is impossible to extend to 3D ZO CRS situation with eight-dimensional space.
The software has to change the initialization and constrained search space for your data set. In case you use the PSO method, the file named lucassearch8.cpp, with line 279-295 should alter the initial points with your preference. In this case, I use the midpoint in the search space to initialize for each ZO sample, but you can choose randomly initial values or the same value for all ZO samples. If you choose the GA as your algorithm, in the file named lucassearch81.cpp, the initial condition in the function initialize (int&seed), should change, such as from line 421 to 439, you have to reset your search space here.The PCD codes are more complicated, in principle, it can be used for global search, but the software designed here only consider a local optimization with guiding values from initial attributes. We have not found a good way to perform global search with the PCD method in the 3D CRS case. The usage of the software is easy as the old 3D ZO CRS software, just change the mode with different methods, more details see the source files.
- Xie, Y. and Gajewski, D. 3D ZO CRS attribute search using particle swarm optimization, WIT meeting 2016.
- Xie, Y. and Gajewski, D. Automatic estimation of the 3D CRS attributes by a metaheuristic-based optimization, EAGE,2016.
- Numerical Recipes. The Art of Scientific Computing, 3rd Edition, 2007, ISBN 0-521-88068-8. (C++ code).
- Shi, Y. and Eberhart, R. C. (1998). "A modified particle swarm optimizer". Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation. pp. 69-73.
- Holland, J. (1975). Adaption In Natural and Artificial Systems. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
- Powell, M. J. D. (1964). "An efficient method for finding the minimum of a function of several variables without calculating derivatives". Computer Journal 7 (2): 155-162.
- Witte, P. (2014). Optimization of the Semblance in Seismic Processing, Master's Thesis, University of Hamburg
3D CRS with pragmatic approach
Author: Nils Alexander Müller
Download: 3D CRS with pragmatic approach
2D CRS with global optimization
Author: Jan Walda
Download: 2D CRS with global optimization
CRS based software, that handles conflicting dips by stacking over angle ranges defined by the user. The user can choose between three global optimization methods, Differential Evolution (DE), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). Additionally the best found solution is furthermore improved locally by a simplex method introduced by Nelder and Mead in 1965. The Code is based on the CRS implementation by Juergen Mann and modified by Jan Walda. The genetic algorithm implementation is based on initial work by Benjamin Schwarz. A guide makefile can be found in the documention.
The code is parallelized. It requires a script to be run after optimizartion named "cat_search.sh" or in case of supergathers "cat_supergather.sh". The script requires 3 parameters, first is the basename (same as in Makefile) the second is the number of conflcting dips and the third one is the first index which is usually 0. Results after the script have the extension "*.su". Sections without "_" are taken from the operator with the highest coherence, so they are similar to the sections you might have used from the original code by Juergen Mann. The sections with "_" are the individual sections for each dip range specified by the "angleboundaries" option when executing the program.
- Nelder, J. A., & Mead, R. (1965). A simplex method for function minimization. The computer journal, 7(4), 308-313.
- Whitley, Darrell. "A genetic algorithm tutorial." Statistics and computing 4.2 (1994): 65-85.
- Das, Swagatam, and Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan. "Differential evolution: a survey of the state-of-the-art." Evolutionary Computation, IEEE Transactions on 15.1 (2011): 4-31.
- Kennedy, James. "Particle swarm optimization." Encyclopedia of Machine Learning. Springer US, 2010. 760-766.
- Jan Walda* and Dirk Gajewski (2015) Common-reflection-surface stack improvement by differential evolution and conflicting dip processing. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2015: pp. 3842-3847.doi: 10.1190/segam2015-_PHONE_.


text:
Keeping People with Disabilities in the Workforce: Negotiating Work, Life and Disability – Field Initiated Research Project
Whether a person with a disability or not, it is essential to find the proper balance between work and other life domains. This study is one of the first to investigate the specific work-life experiences and strategies of individuals with disabilities. Findings from this project may help our understanding of how individuals with disabilities find satisfying, sustainable employment, enabling longer, more productive careers.
The Work-Life Balance study provided new knowledge about how people with disabilities effectively manage work-life negotiations, what employer policies and practices contribute to a positive balance for these workers, and best practices employers and disability service providers can engage in to help individuals with disabilities to find and retain employment.
The first phase of the study included fielding a survey to the networks of over 100 organizations that serve individuals with disabilities(e.g., regional ADA Technical Assistance Centers, Centers for Independent Living, and organizations that serve people with specific types of disabilities/chronic health conditions). The survey sought to identify workplace components, such as supervisory support and provision of reasonable accommodations that contribute to positive workplace experiences for people with disabilities.
In the second phase of the study, virtual focus groups were conducted to further explore issues noted in the survey results. The focus group data supported findings from the survey.
Findings from the project have been shared via webinars, conference presentations, blog posts, and in academic and non-academic publications, as well as through the Work-Life Balance & Disability website.


How Do You Fold A Document That Has Been Laminated?
1 Answers
Arjun Mitra Profile
Arjun Mitra answered
The answer to this question depends on how hard the laminated surface is. If the laminated surface is hard enough for the document to not fold, you have no choice left. You will just have to go about not folding the document or go ahead remove the lamination. Some laminations are soft in texture and can be easily folded. But once they are folded the folds will leave a permanent mark on them which will never go away.
So if you are looking to fold a laminated document then it is advisable not to do so as you could cause harm to it. What you could do is get files or folders or envelops that are bigger in size of the document and you will not have to fold the. Just avoid the idea of folding a document especially if it is an important one.
Answer Question


text: In VLSI CAD, difficult optimization problems have to be solved on a constant basis. Various optimization techniques have been proposed in the past. While some of these methods have been shown to work well in applications and have become somewhat established over the years, other techniques have been ignored. Recently, there has been a growing interest in optimization algorithms based on principles observed in nature, termed Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs). Evolutionary Algorithms in VLSI CAD presents the basic concepts of EAs, and considers the application of EAs in VLSI CAD. It is the first book to show how EAs could be used to improve IC design tools and processes. Several successful applications from different areas of circuit design, like logic synthesis, mapping and testing, are described in detail. Evolutionary Algorithms in VLSI CAD consists of two parts. The first part discusses basic principles of EAs and provides some easy-to-understand examples. Furthermore, a theoretical model for multi-objective optimization is presented. In the second part a software implementation of EAs is supplied together with detailed descriptions of several EA applications. These applications cover a wide range of VLSI CAD, and different methods for using EAs are described. Evolutionary Algorithms in VLSI CAD is intended for CAD developers and researchers as well as those working in evolutionary algorithms and techniques supporting modern design tools and processes.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Gaziosmanpasa)
Jump to: navigation, search
Location of Gaziosmanpaşa
Gaziosmanpaşa is located in Turkey
Coordinates: 41°04′34″N 28°54′02″E / 41.07611°N 28.90056°E / 41.07611; 28.90056Coordinates: 41°04′34″N 28°54′02″E / 41.07611°N 28.90056°E / 41.07611; 28.90056
Country Turkey
Province İstanbul
 - Mayor Erhan Erol (AKP)
 - Kaymakam Seddar Yavuz
 - District 216.63 km2 (83.64 sq mi)
Population (2012)[2]
 - District 488,258
 - District density 2,300/km2 (5,800/sq mi)
Gaziosmanpaşa (pronounced [ɡaːziosˈmanpaʃa]; old name: Taşlıtarla) is an impoverished working class municipality (belediye) and district of Istanbul, Turkey, on its European side. With a population of 400,000 plus, it is one of the most populous districts. In 2009 Gaziosmanpaşa district were the divided to three districts: Gaziosmanpaşa, the central; Sultangazi, the northern part and Arnavutköy, the northernmost part. Esenler and Bayrampaşa are at west, Sultangazi is at north and Eyüp is at south and east of district.
This was empty, stony pasture until the 1950s when immigrants from the Balkans (especially from Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Western Thrace) were settled here. Much of their housing was illegally built, primitive tiny cottages. Gaziosmanpaşa expanded rapidly during the 1970s and 80s due to migration from eastern Anatolia. The population is still growing with half the people under 20 years old. NBA's Orlando Magic star, Hedo Türkoğlu, who played in the 2009 NBA Finals, was born in the district. The NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers center Semih Erden was also born in the district.
Gaziosmanpaşa today[edit]
The centre of Gaziosmanpaşa is still inhabited by the descendents of the 1950s and 1960s Balkan immigrants. Now most of the original illegal houses are being pulled down and replaced with semi-legal blocks of flats, to house the children and grandchildren.
Other areas, often isolated communities far out of the city, are dominated by populations of migrants from Anatolia. These areas are an ethnic, religious and political melting pot. In particular, one area of Gaziosmanpaşa has a substantial population of migrants from Tunceli Province, a province mainly populated by people who claim both Kurdish and Zaza identities. The mixture of people plus the number of young people in the communities has at times given Gaziosmanpaşa the unfortunate reputation for being the centre of crime and of left and right wing violence in Istanbul, with many Istanbul people referring to the area as 'little Colombia'.
The city council is trying to spend its way out of this situation by putting in sports facilities, theatres, shopping centres and better transport to the city. But still more and more housing is being built. As the area has grown without sufficient control or regulations the city is still struggling to put in schools and other infrastructure throughout Gaziosmanpaşa to support the population, while industrial development is taking place too.
The area itself suffers from unemployment despite the industry coming in, and the main employers are small workshops producing light fittings, electrical goods, clothing, lathe and metalwork and car repairs.
The district was named after Gazi Osman Pasha, a prominent Ottoman general who had been active in the Balkans.
External links[edit]


G. Oliveira G. Oliveira - 13 days ago 5
C Question
Writing and reading CSV file in C wierd output
I'm new to C language and I'm trying to save data to a .csv and read the same data in a very simple program.
char c;
FILE *fp;
fp = fopen("file.csv", "w+");
fprintf(fp, "Hello;World\nLine");
fclose(fp);
fp = fopen("file.csv", "r");
while (getc(fp) != EOF) {
printf("%c", getc(fp));
}
fclose(fp);
I don't know why the output is wrong:
el;ol
ie
Thanks in advance
Answer
Because you are reading a character in the loop condition (so it prints out every other one when printing), and reading another one when printing it out. Try this:
int ch;
while ((ch=getc(fp)) != EOF) {
 printf("%c", ch);
}
Comments


Learn That Word
Synonyms for Ravenala (same or very similar meaning)
WordNet sense 1 (giant treelike plant having edible nuts and leafstalks that yield a refreshing drink of clear watery sap; reputedly an emergency source of water for travelers):
traveler's tree, Ravenala madagascariensis, traveller's tree
From the ODE community, based on WordNetadd/edit


Integrating with Labeling Using Webhooks
Motivation
A common usecase for Aquarium datasets is to identify problem labels and group them using issues, downloading a json or csv representation of an issue's elements, and then using scripting or a manual process to reformat the data to submit to a labeling service, whether an external vendor or an internal tool. By leveraging webhook configurations, the reformatting and submitting steps can be automated by a single handler. This allows an Aquarium user to directly send data to a labeling service directly from the UI without writing code each time.
The issue-exported event will POST the issue's elements to a webhook. A full schema can be found in the Event Schemas section of the general Webhooks page.
Schema with Example Map Keys
{
event: "issue-exported",
project: str,
issue: {
id: str,
elements: [{
dataset: str,
inference_set: str,
issue_name: str,
element_id: str,
element_type: "frame" | "crop",
frame_id: str,
frame_data: {
coordinate_frames: [{
coordinate_frame_id: str,
coordinate_frame_metadata: Optional[Dict],
coordinate_frame_type: str,
}],
custom_metrics: {
[custom_metric_type]: int[][] | float,
...
},
date_captured: str,
device_id: str,
geo_data: {
[coordinate_field]: float,
...
},
label_data: [{
attributes: {
confidence: float,
...
},
label: str,
label_coorindate_frame: str,
label_type: str,
linked_labels: str[],
uuid: str,
}, ...],
sensor_data: [{
coordinate_frame: str,
data_urls: {
image_url: str,
...
},
date_captured: str,
sensor_id: str,
sensor_metadata: Dict,
sensor_type: str,
}, ...],
task_id: str,
[user__metadata_field]: str,
},
}, ...]
}
}
Shaping the Webhook Payload To Send to Labeling
You can then use the elements in issue to create a new payload that is accepted by a labeling service; we've provided some sample code that serves a webhook endpoint and transforms an Aquarium payload to some common formats.
GraphQL
REST
GraphQL
server.py
from flask import Flask, request
import os
from python_graphql_client import GraphqlClient
AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET = os.getenv("AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET")
LABELING_API_KEY = os.getenv("LABELING_API_KEY")
LABELING_API_ENDPOINT = os.getenv("LABELING_API_ENDPOINT")
labeling_api_headers = {
# Replace with the proper API key header if any for your service
"Authorization": f"Bearer {LABELING_API_KEY}"
}
client = GraphqlClient(endpoint=LABELING_API_ENDPOINT, headers=labeling_api_headers)
# Replace with appropriate graphql mutation.
# In this example, the way to requeue a label is to remove it and mark as a template
relabel_mutation_fragment = """
mutation BulkDeleteLabels (
$projectId: ID!,
$makeTemplates: Boolean = true,
$labelIds: [ID!]) {
project (where: {id: $projectId}) {
bulkDeleteLabels (
where: {
id_in: $labelIds
},
makeTemplates: $makeTemplates,
waitForQueue: true
) {
count
}
}
}
"""
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/webhook", methods=["POST"])
def handle_webhook_payload():
# Optionally verify that the payload came from Aquarium
aq_secret = request.headers.get("x-aquarium-secret")
if aq_secret != AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET:
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
payload_envelope = request.get_json()
if not payload_envelope:
msg = "no payload body received"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
if not isinstance(payload_envelope, dict) or not payload_envelope.get("event"):
msg = "invalid webhook payload format"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
event_type = payload_envelope["event"]
if event_type == "issue-exported":
if not payload_envelope.get("issue"):
msg = "webhook payload did not contain expected key: issue"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
_format_and_export_to_graphql_api(payload_envelope["project_name"], payload_envelope["issue"])
else:
msg = f"endpoint not setup to handle {event_type} events yet"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
return ("", 204)
def _format_and_export_to_graphql_api(project_name, issue):
label_ids = set()
for element in issue["elements"]:
if element["element_type"] == "crop":
label_ids.add(element["crop_data"]["uuid"])
else:
for label in element["frame_data"]["label_data"]:
label_ids.add(label["uuid"])
variables = {
"projectId": project_name,
"labelIds": list(label_ids)
}
client.execute(
query=relabel_mutation_fragment,
variables=variables,
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
PORT = int(os.getenv("PORT")) if os.getenv("PORT") else 8080
app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=PORT, debug=True)
REST
server.py
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET = os.getenv("AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET")
LABELING_API_KEY = os.getenv("LABELING_API_KEY")
LABELING_API_ENDPOINT = os.getenv("LABELING_API_ENDPOINT")
labeling_api_headers = {
# Substitute with the proper API key header if any for your service
"Authorization": f"Bearer {LABELING_API_KEY}"
}
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/webhook", methods=["POST"])
def handle_webhook_payload():
# Optionally verify that the payload came from Aquarium
aq_secret = request.headers.get("x-aquarium-secret")
if aq_secret != AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET:
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
payload_envelope = request.get_json()
if not payload_envelope:
msg = "no payload body received"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
if not isinstance(payload_envelope, dict) or not payload_envelope.get("event"):
msg = "invalid webhook payload format"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
event_type = payload_envelope["event"]
if event_type == "issue-exported":
if not payload_envelope.get("issue"):
msg = "webhook payload did not contain expected key: issue"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
_format_and_export_to_rest_api(payload_envelope["project_name"], payload_envelope["issue"])
else:
msg = f"endpoint not setup to handle {event_type} events yet"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
return ("", 204)
def _format_and_export_to_rest_api(project_name, issue):
relabel_frames = [


text:
If you want to prevent any class to be used as a base class in inheritance chain, you can mark that class sealed using sealed keyword. Sealed class is normally a last class in the inheritance chain. A sealed class can inherit from other class or interface, but other classes cannot inherit from it. Apart from this condition, a sealed class behaves like a normal class.
The following code is just for demonstration purpose and it would not compile.


text:
projects horizontal or vertical laser light beam.
Locking 8-foot measuring tape.
Standard and metric rulers.
Laser light has an on/off power switch.
Ideal for any job that requires a straight line or accurate measurement such as hanging pictures, installing shelving, laying flooring, etc.
Laser output: less than 0.5mW
Size: 21 * 8 * 3.7cm / 8.3 * 3 * 1.5in
Never look into the bulb while laser is ON.
Laser light can be harmful if used improperly.
keep the laser level away from water, dust and sunlight.
1 * Laser Level Aligner ( batteries not included )