text:
Definition of family :
1. A group of kindred or closely related individuals; as, a family of languages; a family of States; the chlorine family.
2. A group of organisms, either animal or vegetable, related by certain points of resemblance in structure or development, more comprehensive than a genus, because it is usually based on fewer or less pronounced points of likeness. In zoology a family is less comprehesive than an order; in botany it is often considered the same thing as an order.
3. Course of descent; genealogy; line of ancestors; lineage.
4. Honorable descent; noble or respectable stock; as, a man of family.
5. The collective body of persons who live in one house, and under one head or manager; a household, including parents, children, and servants, and, as the case may be, lodgers or boarders.
6. The group comprising a husband and wife and their dependent children, constituting a fundamental unit in the organization of society.
7. Those who descend from one common progenitor; a tribe, clan, or race; kindred; house; as, the human family; the family of Abraham; the father of a family.
common people, seed, descent, mob, family unit, domicile, planetary house, division, tier, blood relation, kin group, folk music, star sign, stratum, dependent, the Brady Bunch, birth, family line, mansion, business firm, harem, companionship, kinsfolk, colony, ancestry, homely, syndicate, gang, home plate, pool, clansman, alliance, league, habitation, folks, black sheep, pack, fellowship, extraction, direct, generic, firm, eldest, socio-economic class, company, clanswoman, tribe, rabble, house, nursing home, rout, course of study, rest home, base, abode, rubric, place, kindred, ethnic music, dwelling house, subspecies, genealogy, parentage, ring, coterie, course of instruction, sign, dwelling, elder, home base, sept, bloodline, phratry, theatre, affinity, social class, kinship group, illegitimacy, close, theater, distant, crime syndicate, sign of the zodiac, consortium, the elder, kinsperson, filial, course, precede, pedigree, bracket, menage, relationship, year, illegitimate, legitimate, charge, origin, plate, commune
domestic (part of speech: adjective)
kindred (part of speech: adjective)
category (part of speech: noun)
kingdom, rank, step, persuasion, category, stamp, people, feather, breed, genotype, series, strain, variety, classification, make, stripe, grade, grain, sort, genus, set, form, level, mold, style, kind, order, ilk, denomination, caste, type, species, taxonomy, label, brand, class, race, degree, designation, line, stock, phylum
kinship (part of speech: noun)
fatherhood, motherhood, kinfolk, ancestor, cousin, lineage, brotherhood, heredity, father, kinship, niece, fraternity, relation, nephew, blood, maternity, flesh, mother, aunt, sisterhood, sister, paternity, uncle, kin, clan, brother, consanguinity, relative
posterity (part of speech: noun)
mankind (part of speech: noun)
- I don't think any other girl ever had such a family as mine!" - "Pixie O'Shaughnessy", Mrs. George de Horne Vaizey.
- But her family was more, far more, to her than her world was. - "The Quality of Mercy", W. D. Howells.
- Let us always think of these men who knew each other well as a family. - "Chopin The Story of the Boy Who Made Beautiful Melodies", Thomas Tapper.


text:
Water for the Village of Burns Lake is derived from 3 deep wells located on Gerow Island. Water is pumped to the high lift station where it is chlorinated. From there it is pumped to two towers, one on 5th Avenue and one on Woyenne Reserve. From the 5th Avenue tower water is boosted in pressure and travels to the ends of the avenues and streets above Carroll Street. The rest of the water is gravity fed from the towers, down hill to the main streets.
On average Burns Lake pumps 1100 cubic meters of water per day and this amount significantly spikes in summer due to lawn watering.
- Residents whose homes have odd house numbers will be permitted to water on odd numbered days.
- Even numbered houses may water on even numbered days.
- Light hand watering is permitted at anytime for new lawns, flowers and gardens.
For more information, please contact the Village Office at _PHONE_.
Storm water is collected through a series of open ditches and culverts. Storm water flows into storm pipes and manholes on Highway 16 and is eventually dispersed through an open ditch system.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The goals of the proposed work are to improve technical capacity of the Bangladesh Forest Department (BFD) for forest monitoring using US free-of-charge and commercial satellite data and to support collaboration between UMD GLAD and the BFD. The primary technical objective of the proposed project is to support BFD to estimate the forest and and trees outside forests change for the 2015-2020 (2021) interval and to develop the required activity data for REDD+ and UNFCCC reporting. The project's goals and objectives followed request from the BFD for capacity building support and were discussed between BFD and GLAD.
The project will include two stages: (1) supporting 2015-2020 forest change assessment, and (2) supporting 2020-2021 forest change annual update.
The first stage of the project (supporting 2015-2020 forest change assessment) will include the following objectives:
- Supporting national Landsat-scale forest change analysis using NASA SERVIR regional products developed by the GLAD team. Enhancing capacity of the BFD in application of the SERVIR regional data.
- Supporting the national sample-based assessment by providing training, support, and high spatial resolution Planet data for the BFD. Enhancing BFD capacity to perform independent sample-based assessment.
- Supporting data and methods exchange between the BFD, UMD GLAD, NASA SERVIR, and forest departments of other South/Southeast Asia countries.
The second stage of the project (supporting 2021 annual forest change update) will include provision of the Planet data and supporting national annual sample assessment and activity data reporting.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Man Linux: Main Page and Category List
NAME
 pmns - the performance metrics name space
SYNOPSIS
 $PCP_VAR_DIR/pmns
DESCRIPTION
 When using the Performance Metrics Programming Interface (PMAPI) of the
 Performance Co-Pilot (PCP), performance metrics are identified by an
 external name in a hierarchic Performance Metrics Name Space (PMNS),
 and an internal identifier, the Performance Metric Identifier (PMID).
 A PMNS specifies the association between a metric's name and its PMID.
 A PMNS is defined on one or more ASCII source files, that may be
 compiled using pmnscomp(1) to produce a binary PMNS. Note that
 pmnscomp(1) is normally invoked from the $PCP_VAR_DIR/pmns/Rebuild
 script if necessary when pmcd(1) is started.
 Loading of a PMNS is done by calling pmLoadNameSpace(3) which silently
 tolerates either the ASCII or binary formats. Alternatively,
 pmLoadASCIINameSpace(3) may be used to load just the ASCII format.
 If the binary format is used, no checking is performed for aliasing in
 which multiple names in the PMNS are associated with a single PMID. If
 the ASCII format is to be used, duplicate PMIDs are not allowed,
 although pmLoadASCIINameSpace(3) provides an alternative interface with
 user-defined control over the processing of duplicate PMIDs in an ASCII
 format PMNS. The external ASCII format for a PMNS conforms to the
 syntax and semantics described in the following sections.
 There is one default PMNS in the files below $PCP_VAR_DIR/pmns,
 although users and application developers are free to create and use
 alternate PMNS's. For an example of this, see the PCP Tutorial in
 $PCP_DEMOS_DIR/Tutorial.
 Although an application can call pmLoadNameSpace(3), normally this is
 only done directly for the -n command line option where an explicit
 root PMNS file is specified. Since PCP version 2 uses a distributed
 PMNS (see below), an application can extract PMNS information from a
 host's PMCD or an archive. If the PMNS source (pmcd or archive) is
 version 1 (see PCPIntro(1)), however, then the local PMNS will be
 loaded using the path specified by the environment variable
 PMNS_DEFAULT.
DISTRIBUTED PMNS
 In PCP version 1, the PMNS functions in the API all operated on a PMNS
 loaded locally from a file. Since PCP version 2, however, PMNS
 functions may get the PMNS information remotely from a PMCD or directly
 from the meta data of an archive. We call this a distributed PMNS. It
 has the advantage that the PMNS should always match the source of the
 metrics. For example, in PCP version 1, if one wanted to access a
 remote PMCD which had an agent installed which one didn't have
 installed locally, then the local PMNS had to be updated just for that
 agent. This is no longer the case.
 In order to be compatible with version 1 PMCDs and version 1 archives
 (see PCPIntro(1)), the local PMNS (PMNS_DEFAULT) is automatically
 loaded as was done previously in PCP version 1.
 From an API level, there has been minimal changes. The main change is
 that if an application wants to use the distributed PMNS then it should
 not call pmLoadNameSpace(3) or pmLoadASCIINameSpace(3). Doing so will
 load the local PMNS as specified above. Not calling these functions
 would previously (in PCP version 1) cause an error when trying to
 access the PMNS but now (in PCP version 2) it will force the PMNS
 functions to look at the metrics source for their information.
PROCESSING FRAMEWORK
 The PMNS specification is initially passed through cpp(1). This means
 the following facilities may be used in the specification
 + C-style comments
 + #include directives
 + #define directives and macro substitution
 + conditional processing via #if ... #endif, etc.
 When cpp(1) is executed, the ''standard'' include directories are the
 current directory and $PCP_VAR_DIR/pmns.
SYNTAX
 The general syntax for a non-leaf node in the PMNS is as follows
 pathname {
 name [pmid]
 ...
 }
 Where pathname is the full pathname from the root of the PMNS to this
 non-leaf node, with each component in the pathname separated by a
 ''.''. The root node for the PMNS must have the special name ''root'',
 but the common prefix ''root.'' must be omitted from all pathnames.
 Each component in the pathname must begin with an alphabetic character,
 and be followed by zero or more characters drawn from the alphabetics,
 the digits and the underscore ''_'') character. For alphabetic
 characters in a pathname component, upper and lower case are
 distinguished.
 Non-leaf nodes in the PMNS may be defined in any order.
 The descendent nodes are defined by the set of names, relative to the
 pathname of their parent non-leaf node. For the descendent nodes, leaf
 nodes have a pmid specification, non-leaf nodes do not. The syntax for
 the pmid specification has been chosen to help manage the allocation of
 PMIDs across disjoint and autonomous domains of administration and
 implementation. Each pmid consists of 3 integer parts, separated by
 colons, e.g. 14:27:11. This hierarchic numbering scheme is intended to
 mirror the implementation hierarchy of performance metric domain,
 metrics cluster (data structure or operational similarity) and
 individual metric. In practice, the two leading components are likely
 to be macros in the PMNS specification source, and cpp(1) will convert
 the macros to integers. These macros for the initial components of the
 pmid are likely to be defined either in a standard include file, e.g.
 $PCP_VAR_DIR/pmns/stdpmid, or in the current source file.
 To support dynamic metrics, where the existence of a metric is known to
 a PMDA, but not visible in the PMNS, a variant syntax for the pmid is
 supported, namely a domain number followed by asterisks for the other
 components of the pmid, e.g. 14:*:*. The corresponding metric name
 forms the root of a subtree of dynamic metric names defined in the
 corresponding PMDA as identified by the domain number.
 The current allocation of the high-order (PMD or domain) component of
 PMIDs is as follows.
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | Range | Allocation |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 0 | reserved |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 1-31 | PMDAs from the PCP base product and/or IRIX |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 32-39 | Oracle |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 40-47 | Sybase |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 48-55 | Informix |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 56-58 | SNMP Gateway PMDA |
 +--------+--------------------------------------------------+
 | 59-63 | Linux PMDAs |
 +--------+--------


Convert kg/hr to bar/h | kilogram (petrol) per hour to barrels fluid per hour
Oven photos> Building plans> Food nutrients> Building details> Cooking> Firing ovens> Flour measures>
flow rate conversion
Converting kilogram (petrol) per hour to barrels fluid per hour in flow rate units scale.
Category: main menuflow rate menuKilograms (petrol) per hour
Amount: 1 kilogram (petrol) per hour (kg/hr) of flow rate
Equals: 0.012 barrels fluid per hour (bar/h) in flow rate
flow rate from kilogram (petrol) per hour to barrel fluid per hour Conversion Results :
Enter a New kilogram (petrol) per hour Amount of flow rate to Convert From
* Enter whole numbers, decimals or fractions (ie: 6, 5.33, 17 3/8)
* Precision is how many numbers after decimal point (1 - 9)
Enter Your Amount : Precision :
TOGGLE : from barrels fluid per hour into kilograms (petrol) per hour in the other way around.
CONVERT : between other flow rate measuring units - complete list.
Conversion calculator for webmasters.
Flow rate. Gas & Liquids.
This unit-to-unit calculator is based on conversion for one pair of two flow rate units. For a whole set of multiple units for volume and mass flow on one page, try the Multi-Unit converter tool which has built in all flowing rate unit-variations. Page with flow rate by mass unit pairs exchange.
Convert flow rate measuring units between kilogram (petrol) per hour (kg/hr) and barrels fluid per hour (bar/h) but in the other reverse direction from barrels fluid per hour into kilograms (petrol) per hour.
conversion result for flow rate:
FromSymbolEqualsResultToSymbol
1 kilogram (petrol) per hour kg/hr = 0.012 barrels fluid per hour bar/h
Converter type: flow rate units
This online flow rate from kg/hr into bar/h converter is a handy tool not just for certified or experienced professionals.
Advertisements
First unit: kilogram (petrol) per hour (kg/hr) is used for measuring flow rate.
Second: barrel fluid per hour (bar/h) is unit of flow rate.
0.012 bar/h is converted to 1 of what?
The barrels fluid per hour unit number 0.012 bar/h converts to 1 kg/hr, one kilogram (petrol) per hour. It is the EQUAL flow rate value of 1 kilogram (petrol) per hour but in the barrels fluid per hour flow rate unit alternative.
How to convert 2 kilograms (petrol) per hour (kg/hr) into barrels fluid per hour (bar/h)? Is there a calculation formula?
First divide the two units variables. Then multiply the result by 2 - for example:
0.0116526529951 * 2 (or divide it by / 0.5)
QUESTION:
1 kg/hr = ? bar/h
ANSWER:
1 kg/hr = 0.012 bar/h
Other applications for this flow rate calculator ...
With the above mentioned two-units calculating service it provides, this flow rate converter proved to be useful also as a teaching tool:
1. in practicing kilograms (petrol) per hour and barrels fluid per hour ( kg/hr vs. bar/h ) values exchange.
2. for conversion factors training exercises between unit pairs.
3. work with flow rate's values and properties.
International unit symbols for these two flow rate measurements are:
Abbreviation or prefix ( abbr. short brevis ), unit symbol, for kilogram (petrol) per hour is:
kg/hr
Abbreviation or prefix ( abbr. ) brevis - short unit symbol for barrel fluid per hour is:
bar/h
One kilogram (petrol) per hour of flow rate converted to barrel fluid per hour equals to 0.012 bar/h
How many barrels fluid per hour of flow rate are in 1 kilogram (petrol) per hour? The answer is: The change of 1 kg/hr ( kilogram (petrol) per hour ) unit of flow rate measure equals = to 0.012 bar/h ( barrel fluid per hour ) as the equivalent measure for the same flow rate type.
In principle with any measuring task, switched on professional people always ensure, and their success depends on, they get the most precise conversion results everywhere and every-time. Not only whenever possible, it's always so. Often having only a good idea ( or more ideas ) might not be perfect nor good enough solution. If there is an exact known measure in kg/hr - kilograms (petrol) per hour for flow rate amount, the rule is that the kilogram (petrol) per hour number gets converted into bar/h - barrels fluid per hour or any other flow rate unit absolutely exactly.
Conversion for how many barrels fluid per hour ( bar/h ) of flow rate are contained in a kilogram (petrol) per hour ( 1 kg/hr ). Or, how much in barrels fluid per hour of flow rate is in 1 kilogram (petrol) per hour? To link to this flow rate kilogram (petrol) per hour to barrels fluid per hour online converter simply cut and paste the following.
The link to this tool will appear as: flow rate from kilogram (petrol) per hour (kg/hr) to barrels fluid per hour (bar/h) conversion.
I've done my best to build this site for you- Please send feedback to let me know how you enjoyed visiting.


T bone car accident settlement
What is the average settlement for a back injury in a car accident?
In an average car accident case that involves a relatively minor soft tissue neck or back injury, the accident victim may expect to receive a settlement anywhere between $2,500 and $10,000 from the at-fault person's insurance company.
What type of injury is commonly associated with T Bone accidents?
Types of Injuries Commonly Associated With T Bone Accidents Concussion. Whiplash, a serious neck injury caused by the forceful, back-and-forth motion of the neck. Broken bones in the hands, legs, forearms, ribs, and elsewhere on the body, especially if the T Bone accident results in the car rolling. Spinal cord injury.
How much is my pain and suffering settlement?
What is the average payout for soft tissue injury?
The average payout of a soft tissue injury ranges from $2,500 to $10,000 for whiplash, $15,000 for ankle sprains, $20,000 for shoulder injuries, and $100,000 to $350,000 for herniated discs.
How much should a rear end collision settlement be?
You might be interested: Titanic ship accident
What does T boning mean?
: a small steak from the thin end of the short loin containing a T -shaped bone and a small piece of tenderloin also : this bone — see beef illustration. T -bone. verb. T – boned ; T – boning ; T -bones.
What does T boned mean?
A T -bone accident is one where the front of one car or truck crashes into the side of another vehicle. Broadside accidents most often occur at intersections when one of the drivers fails to stop at a stop sign or traffic light, or otherwise fails to yield the right-of-way to the other driver.
What happens if you get T boned?
T – bone accidents occur when one vehicle smashes into the side of another vehicle, roughly creating the shape of a T. They are also known as broadside or side collisions. If you are involved in a T – bone crash, it's highly likely you will sustain serious injuries.
How can I prove my pain and suffering?
How much should I ask for settlement?
A general rule is 75% to 100% higher than what you would actually be satisfied with. For example, if you think your claim is worth between $1,500 and $2,000, make your first demand for $3,000 or $4,000. If you think your claim is worth $4,000 to $5,000, make your first demand for $8,000 or $10,000.
Is a pain and suffering settlement taxable?
This means typical personal injury damages that are meant to compensate the claimant for things like lost wages, medical bills, emotional distress, pain and suffering, loss of consortium, and attorney fees are not taxable as long as they come from a personal injury or a physical sickness.
You might be interested: Car accident in
How do you respond to a low settlement offer?
How much can I expect from a personal injury settlement?
Personal Injury : How Much Can I Expect to Get? Settlements and court awards in personal injury cases typically range from $3,000 to $75,000. Seven out of 10 readers receive a settlement or award for their personal injury claims.
How much is neck injury worth?
Leave a Reply
Fireball accident ohio
Terrence j car accident


By Topic
Plane-Based Optimization for 3D Object Reconstruction from Single Line Drawings
Sign In
Formats Non-Member Member
$31 $13
Become an IEEE Member or Subscribe to
IEEE Xplore for exclusive pricing!
close button
puzzle piece
Learn more about:
IEEE membership
IEEE Xplore subscriptions
4 Author(s)
Jianzhuang Liu ; Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin ; Liangliang Cao ; Zhenguo Li ; Xiaoou Tang
In previous optimization-based methods of 3D planar-faced object reconstruction from single 2D line drawings, the missing depths of the vertices of a line drawing (and other parameters in some methods) are used as the variables of the objective functions. A 3D object with planar faces is derived by finding values for these variables that minimize the objective functions. These methods work well for simple objects with a small number TV of variables. As N grows, however, it is very difficult for them to find the expected objects. This is because with the nonlinear objective functions in a space of large dimension, the search for optimal solutions can easily get trapped into local minima. In this paper, we use the parameters of the planes that pass through the planar faces of an object as the variables of the objective function. This leads to a set of linear constraints on the planes of the object, resulting in a much lower dimensional null space where optimization is easier to achieve. We prove that the dimension of this null space is exactly equal to the minimum number of vertex depths that define the 3D object. Since a practical line drawing is usually not an exact projection of a 3D object, we expand the null space to a larger space based on the singular value decomposition of the projection matrix of the line drawing. In this space, robust 3D reconstruction can be achieved. Compared with the two most related methods, our method not only can reconstruct more complex 3D objects from 2D line drawings but also is computationally more efficient.
Published in:


text:
Women and Retirement : Challenges of a New Life Stage
148 p. 25 cm
This is the first book of its kind to examine women's retirement within a lifespan perspective. Besed on the authors' extensive research study with 1000 retired Australian women, the book presents models of various retirement trajectories and compares women's experiences with the more widely researched retirement experiences of men.
In the last century, changes to the nature and patterns of women's working lives have been vast. Notably, the huge increase in women's participation in the paid workforce means that today women are retiring in unprecedented numbers. How do they cope with this lifestyle transition? What major difficulties do they face? How do they process the problems associated with managing this transition in fulfilling ways while juggling family, financial, friendship, ageing and health issues? To date, most retirement studies have focused on men, and therefore gender-specific issues relating to post-work life, such as the pay gap, the double shift, women's longer lifespans and their traditional roles as carers and social nurturers, have been afforded far less attention. Women and Retirement: Challenges of a New Life Stage is the first book of its kind to examine women's retirement using a lifespan perspective. Based on the authors' extensive study of over 1,000 retired Australian women as well as current research, the book presents models of various retirement trajectories and compares women's experiences with the more widely researched retirement experiences of men. Moore and Rosenthal consider the nature of the transition from full-time work to retirement and the many different pathways and factors influencing this journey: women's financial status in the retirement years; their health changes; and the varied activity patterns they adopt. Women and Retirement is a comprehensive, up-to-date and evidence-based review of the female retirement experience. It will be invaluable for courses on ageing and health within psychology, women's studies, social work and sociology, and for use by practitioners in these fields.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments 1. RETIREMENT THEN AND NOW 2. WOMEN AT WORK 3. FINANCIAL SECURITY IN RETIREMENT 4. PLANNING AND DECISION-MAKING 5. THE PSYCHOSOCIAL JOURNEY: FROM WORKER TO RETIREE 6. RETIREMENT AND HEALTH 7. WHAT NEXT? 8. ACCENTUATE THE POSITIVE References Index


text:
CANTON, Ohio — So many families are relying on school districts for their next meal during this pandemic. But students in Stark County are getting more than just food, they're getting seed packets.
It's through the Putting Down Roots Farm to School Program. The Canton Local School District is just one of the participating districts.
Ashley Ritz, the nutrition services director for the district said originally, they were going to plant gardens at the schools, but because of the pandemic that wasn't possible. So, they decided to put various seed packets into the grab and go meals they provide for their students.
"You don't know what you're going to get," she said. "It really show our students this is where our food comes from."
The packets range from vegetables to fruits to pollinators, like flowers.
"We can empower families to know that they have the ability to do something that's so simple, which is to grow food. It's very inexpensive, but it's really the best way, and it's a small project that we are doing but I think it creates lifelong lessons."
Each week, Canton Local provides about 23,000 meals.
"A lot of our families, right now, are living paycheck to paycheck or not even that, and it's just empowering those families to know that you still deserve access to fresh food," said Ritz.
She said that's why the Canton South Nutrition and Wellness Facebook posts healthy recipes with the ingredients in the food bags and also is providing step by step tutorials on how to plant the seeds.
"This is the time to get innovative. It's the time to transform," she said. "They're not the traditional serving lines we are seeing, but that doesn't mean we still can't serve."


text:
Coal in the Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale of Cretaceous age has traditionally been mined by underground techniques in the Emery Coal Field in the southern end of Castle Valley in east-central Utah. However, approximately 99 million tons are recoverable by surface mining. Ground water in the Ferron is the sole source of supply for the town of Emery, but the aquifer is essentially untapped outside the Emery area. The Ferron Sandstone Member crops out along the eastern edge of Castle Valley and generally dips 2" to 10" to the northwest beneath the surface. Sandstones in the Ferron are enclosed between relatively impermeable shale in the Tununk and Blue Gate Members of the Mancos Shale. Along the outcrop, the Ferron ranges in thickness from about 80 feet in the northern part of Castle Valley to 850 feet in the southern part. The Ferron also generally thickens in the subsurface downdip from the outcrop. Records from wells and test holes indicate that the full thickness of the Ferron is saturated with water in most areas downdip from the outcrop area. Tests in the Emery area indicate that transmissivity of the Ferron sandstone aquifer ranges from about 200 to 700 feet squared per day where the Ferron is fully saturated. Aquifer transmissivity is greatest near the Paradise Valley-- Joes Valley fault system where permeability has been increased by fracturing. Storage coefficient ranges from about 10^-6 to 10^-3 where the Ferron sandstone aquifer is confined and probably averages 5 x 10^-2 where in is unconfined.
Lines, Gregory C.; Morrissey, Daniel J.; Ryer, Thomas A.; Fuller, Richard H.; and U.S. Geological Survey, "Hydrology of the Ferron Sandstone Aquifer and Effects of Proposed Surface-Coal Mining in Castle Valley, Utah" (1981). All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository). Paper 567.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
|Disaster and Development - 2nd edition (Department of Humanitarian Affairs/United Nations Disaster Relief Office - Disaster Management Training Programme - United Nations Development Programme, 1994, 60 p.)|
|PART 3. Assessing the trade-offs in investing in vulnerability reduction|
Two definitions need to be made at this point:
Opportunity cost: the opportunity cost of a resource is the cost of its next best alternative. A person engaged in mopping up a flood would usually be employed in some other job. The opportunity cost of mopping up is the foregone value of the work he or she would otherwise have done. Or seen another way, the funds expected to pay for clean-up should not be spent on something else.
Present value: All things being equal, money available for productive investment now is worth more than money available for productive investment sometime in the future.
An overriding choice facing a government is whether to spend now on preparedness or mitigation or, possibly, spend later on disaster recovery. Usually governments choose a mix of preparedness/mitigation and recovery programs.
The key questions in this choice are:
What are the opportunity costs of investing in preparedness and/or mitigation?
Is the present value of the future loss higher or lower than the cost of investing in preparedness and/or mitigation?
One basic principle affecting the choice is that spending on preparedness and mitigation should be less than the present value of the expected losses which would be averted by the preparedness/mitigation measure.


Definitions for panaceaˌpæn əˈsi ə
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word panacea
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
pan•a•ce•aˌpæn əˈsi ə(n.)(pl.)-ce•as.
 1. a remedy for all ills; cure-all.
 2. a solution for all difficulties.
Origin of panacea:
1540–50; < L < Gk panákeia=panake-, s. of panakḗs all-healing
Princeton's WordNet
 1. Panacea(noun)
 2. panacea, nostrum, catholicon, cure-all(noun)
 1. panacea(Noun)
 2. panacea(Noun)
 Something that will solve all problems.
 A monorail will be a panacea for our traffic woes.
 3. panacea(Noun)
 A particular plant believed to provide a cure-all.
 4. Panacea(ProperNoun)
 Daughter of Asclepius and Salus (or Epione). She was the personification of healing through herbs.
 5. Origin: From panacea, from πανάκεια, from πανακής, from πᾶν (equivalent to English pan-) + ἄκος.
Webster Dictionary
 1. Panacea(noun)
 2. Panacea(noun)
 the herb allheal
 1. Panacea
 In Greek mythology, Panacea was a goddess of Universal remedy. She was the daughter of Asclepius and Epione. Panacea and her four sisters each performed a facet of Apollo's art: Panacea, Hygieia, Iaso, Aceso, and Aglæa/Ægle. Panacea also had four brothers – Podaleirus, one of the two kings of Tricca, who had a flair for diagnostics, and Machaon, the other king of Tricca, who was a master surgeon; Telesphoros, who devoted his life to serving Asclepius; and Aratus, her stepbrother, who was a Greek hero and the patron/liberator of Sicyon. Panacea was said to have a poultice or potion with which she healed the sick. This brought about the concept of the panacea in medicine, a substance meant to cure all diseases. The term is also used figuratively as something intended to completely solve a large, multi-faceted problem.
Find a translation for the panacea definition in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss these panacea definitions with the community:
Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography:
"panacea." STANDS4 LLC, 2014. Web. 28 Jul 2014. <>.
Are we missing a good definition for panacea?
The Web's Largest Resource for
Definitions & Translations
A Member Of The STANDS4 Network
Nearby & related entries:
Alternative searches for panacea:


text:
A Langmuir multi-probe system for the characterization of atmospheric pressure arc plasmas
The 'high-pressure' atmospheric (TIG) arc plasma is studied by means of a multi-Langmuir probe system. In order to determine the appropriate regime of operation, definitions of the plasma parameters for the description of the argon arc are considered and evaluations are presented. A description of the probe basic techniques is followed by an in-depth discussion of the different regimes of probe operation. The emphasis is put on atmospheric and flowing (arc) regimes. Probe sheath theories are compared and "Nonidealities" like cooling due to plasma-probe motion and probe emission mechanisms are then described. The extensive literature review reveals that the existing probe theories are inappropriate for a use in the TIG arc, because of 'high' pressure (atmospheric), broad range of ionization across the arc, flowing conditions, and ultimately, to the uncertainty about onset of Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium. The Langmuir probe system is built to operate in floating and biased conditions. The present work represents the first extensive investigation of electrostatic probes in arcs where the experimental difficulties and the primary observed quantities are presented in great detail. Analysis methodologies are introduced and experimental results are presented towards a unified picture of the resulting arc structure by comparison with data from emission spectroscopy. Results from different measurements are presented and comparison is made with data on TIG arcs present in literature. Probe obtained temperatures are lower than the values obtained from emission spectroscopy and this 'cooling' is attributed to electron-ion recombination. However, it is believed that probes can access temperatures regions not attainable by emission spectroscopy. Only axial electric potential and electric field are obtained because of the equipotential-probe requirement. Estimations of the sheath voltage and extension are obtained and a qualitative picture of the ion and electron current densities within the arc is given.


Skip to contents
This function checks if a string is a valid CAS registry number. A valid CAS is 1) separated by two hyphes into three parts; 2) the first part consists from two up to seven digits; 3) the second of two digits; 4) the third of one digit (check digit); 5) the check digits corresponds the checksum. The checksum is found by taking the last digit (excluding the check digit) multiplyingit with 1, the second last multiplied with 2, the third-last multiplied with 3 etc. The modulo 10 of the sum of these is the checksum.
Usage
is.cas(x, verbose = getOption("verbose"))
Arguments
x
character; input CAS
verbose
logical; print messages during processing to console?
Value
a logical
Note
This function can only handle one CAS string
References
Eduard Szöcs, Tamás Stirling, Eric R. Scott, Andreas Scharmüller, Ralf B. Schäfer (2020). webchem: An R Package to Retrieve Chemical Information from the Web. Journal of Statistical Software, 93(13). doi:10.18637/jss.v093.i13 .
Examples
is.cas('64-17-5')
#> 64-17-5
#> TRUE
is.cas('64175')
#> 64175
#> FALSE
is.cas('4-17-5')
#> 4-17-5
#> FALSE
is.cas('64-177-6')
#> 64-177-6
#> FALSE
is.cas('64-17-55')
#> 64-17-55
#> FALSE
is.cas('64-17-6')
#> 64-17-6
#> FALSE


text:
My user needs to type freehand notes into an Excel UserForm textbox control. But this requires the accurate spelling of some words that are easy to mis-spell, and accuracy is required. So, at the side of the Userform, I can provide the user with a list of these 'tedious' spellings, each in the form of caption text in a UserForm label control.
In the model below, I can replace text in UserForm textbox with new copied text, or I can append new copied text to existing text. But:
MY QUESTION: how do I inset the copied text into existing text at a position marked by the Cursor in the text box?
MY MODEL (attached file):
When the user clicks a label control (in code below ctl.name = "Label1" ) its caption text is copied to clipboard:
Private MyData As New DataObject
Private Sub Label1_Click()
MsgBox "Copy active in Label1_Click()" 'visual check that click event works
This pastes copied text into textbox1:
Private Sub pasteText_Click()
TextBox1.Text = MyData.GetText
I can append the copied text to existing text in texBox1 by:
TextBox1.Text = TextBox1.Text & " " & MyData.GetText


Aligned Input Events
 - Chrome 60 reduces jank by lowering event frequency, thereby improving the consistency of frame timing.
 - The getCoalescedEvents() method, introduced in Chrome 58 provides the same wealth of event information you've had all along.
Providing a smooth user experience is important for the web. The time between receiving an input event and when the visuals actually update is important and generally doing less work is important. Over the past few releases of Chrome, we have driven down input latency across these devices.
In the interest of smoothness and performance, in Chrome 60, we are making a change that causes these events to occur at a lower frequency while increasing the granularity of the information provided. Much like when Jelly Bean was released and brought the Choreographer which aligns input on Android, we are bringing frame aligned input to the web on all platforms.
But sometimes you need more events. So, in Chrome 58, we implemented a method called getCoalescedEvents(), which lets your application retrieve the full path of the pointer even while it's receiving fewer events.
Let's talk about event frequency first.
Lowering event frequency
Let's understand some basics: touch-screens deliver input at 60-120Hz and mice deliver input typically at 100Hz (but can be anywhere up to 2000Hz). Yet the typical refresh rate of a monitor is 60Hz. So what does that actually mean? It means that we receive input at a higher rate than we actually update the display at. So let's look at a performance timeline from devtools for a simple canvas painting app.
In the picture below, with requestAnimationFrame()-aligned input disabled, you can see multiple processing blocks per frame with an inconsistent frame time. The small yellow blocks indicate hit testing for such things as the target of the DOM event, dispatching the event, running javascript, updating the hovered node and possibly re-calculating layout and styles.
A performance timeline showing inconsistent frame timing.
So why are we doing extra work that doesn't cause any visual updates? Ideally, we don't want to do any work that doesn't ultimately benefit the user. Starting in Chrome 60, the input pipeline will delay dispatching continuous events (wheel, mousewheel, touchmove, pointermove, mousemove) and dispatch them right before the requestAnimationFrame() callback occurs. In the picture below (with the feature enabled), you see a more consistent frame time and less time processing events.
We have been running an experiment with this feature enabled on the Canary and Dev channels and have found that we perform 35% less hit tests which allows the main thread to be ready to run more often.
An important note that web developers should be aware of is that any discrete event (such as keydown, keyup, mouseup, mousedown, touchstart, touchend) that occurs will be dispatched right away along with any pending events, preserving the relative ordering. With this feature enabled, a lot of the work is streamlined into the normal event loop flow, providing a consistent input interval. This brings continuous events inline with scroll and resize events which have already been streamlined into the event loop flow in Chrome.
A performance timeline showing relatively consistent frame timing.
We've found that the vast majority of applications consuming such events have no use for the higher frequency. Android has already aligned events for a number of years so nothing there is new, but sites may experience less granular events on desktop platforms. There has always been a problem with janky main threads causing hiccups for input smoothness, meaning that you might see jumps in position whenever the application is doing work, making it impossible to know how the pointer got from one spot to the other.
The getCoalescedEvents() method
As I said, there are rare scenarios where the application would prefer to know the full path of the pointer. So to fix the case where you see large jumps and the reduced frequency of events, in Chrome 58, we launched an extension to pointer events called getCoalescedEvents(). And below is an example of how jank on the main thread is hidden from the application if you use this API.
Comparing standard and coalesced events.
Instead of receiving a single event, you can access the array of historical events that caused the event. Android, iOS, and Windows all have very similar APIs in their native SDKs and we are exposing a similar API to the web.
Typically a drawing app may have drawn a point by looking at the offsets on the event:
window.addEventListener("pointermove", function(event) {
 drawPoint(event.pageX, event.pageY);
This code can easily be changed to use the array of events:
window.addEventListener("pointermove", function(event) {
 var events = 'getCoalescedEvents' in event? event.getCoalescedEvents() : [event];
 for (let e of events) {
 drawPoint(e.pageX, e.pageY);
Note that not every property on the coalesced events is populated. Since the coalesced events are not really dispatched but are just along for the ride, they aren't hit tested. Some fields such as currentTarget, and eventPhase will have their default values. Calling dispatch related methods such as stopPropagation() or preventDefault() will have no effect on the parent event.


text:
Visitors to Portland look to its farms and markets for that grand display of fresh meats, cheeses, greens, breads, pickles and honey – not to mention an opportunity to mix with local neighbors – whether it's the height of summer or a chilly winter morning. Area farms and farmer's markets serve another purpose here as well: providing local growers, stewards of our natural resources, and producers of good, wholesome food with an important link to the local community.
From early spring to late fall, visitors can join farmers at Deering Oaks Park to partake in the seasonal bounty of fruits, vegetables, plants, cheeses, eggs, and countless other items. Monument Square in the heart of the city provides a more urban backdrop for those filling their bag with vegetables, meats, herbs, and cut flowers. During the winter season, famer's markets continue in full swing indoors at pre-determined locations where famers bring an abundance of root veggies, greenhouse greens, baked goods, meats, and jams and jellies to market in a lively setting with music and food trucks nearby.
For those with a desire to go beyond the farmer's market, popular day trips to farms, including maple sugar farms, and apple orchards, are wonderful diversions for families, as are trips to wild blueberries barrens, local potato growers, or farms with breeding stock and grazing sheep. There are many farms in Portland and surrounding areas like South Portland, Cumberland, Scarborough and Freeport, for example, that provide communities and area restaurants (and in some cases, the nation) with their Maine-grown and Maine-raised goods. Family-sized farms welcome visitors to their farm stands, while some larger farms feature corn mazes, pumpkin picking, wagon rides, and tours, along with opportunities to buy local cheeses, meats and produce.
Deering Oaks Park
Saturdays, Late April-late November, 7am-1pm
Wednesdays, April-December (some year-round), 7am-1pm
Winter Farmers' Market
Saturdays, December-late April, 9am-1pm
84 Cove Street, East
Yarmouth Farmers' Market
Thursdays, 3-6 PM, from June through September
Main Community Music Center


text:
The Open GIS Consortium, Inc. (OGC) announced that the US National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) upgraded its membership level from Principal Member to Strategic Member. NASA has been a member of OGC since it's founding in 1994. NASA recognized
the importance of OGC's role in advancing interoperability in a consensus forum, and provided OGC with initial funding to start operations through a Cooperative Agreement Notice
entitled "Public Use of Earth and Space Science Data Over the Internet".
Recently, NASA formed the Geospatial Interoperability Office (GIO) to better "enable government, industry, scientists and citizens to gain knowledge or make decisions
through application of geospatial information". GIO holds the OGC membership for NASA and coordinates participation in OGC activities. Myra Bambacus, Program Manager of the GIO, noted "geospatial interoperability is critically important in enabling applications through seamless access to NASA's Earth Science Data. We look forward to collaborating with the Consortium on mutual goals and setting a strategic approach for meeting the spatial technology interoperability needs of the global community."
NASA's Earth Science Enterprise (ESE) goal to "develop advanced information technologies for processing, archiving, accessing, visualizing, and communicating Earth science data" is consistent with OGC's vision. ESE related projects including the Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS), the Earth Science Information Partnership (ESIP) federation, the Digital Earth program, the Globe Program, the Earth Science Technology Office and
the Geographic Interoperability Office take advantage of the results of OGC programs.
As a Strategic Member, NASA will contribute significant in-kind support, providing, for example, specification revisions, discussion papers, proposals, and tutorials, as well as chairing Working Groups and Special Interest Groups. NASA will work with other members to help guide OGC in directions that result in broader user choice of geoprocessing products in the marketplace and improved opportunities for industry to meet the varied and complex needs of government.


How to use Rules in Workflows
Problem
You want to know how rules work in workflows and what they are used for.
Resolution
Rules in workflows are used for XOR Splits only.
If you process a workflow with a XOR Split you have to select one of the available routes (transitions) to the parallel Steps (in contrary to a workflow with an AND Split where every parallel Step has to be completed).
With the rule of a route you can define if this route should be displayed in the route selector or not.
The Rule must be a ECMA script located in /etc/workflow/scripts with a function check() where you can implement your logic. The function must return a boolean value.
Available objects are:
Example
A very simple example rule script would be to check if the current page in the workflow is the geometrixx company page or a childpage.
*
 * Example WF Rule.
 * ECMA function with a method called check
 *
 * This function checks if the current page in workflow is in the company tree
 * of geometrixx...
 *
 * Available Objects:
 * - workflowData:
 * - jcrSession:
 * - workflowSession:
 */
function check() {
 log.info("executing script now...");
 if (workflowData.getPayloadType() == "JCR_PATH") {
 var path = workflowData.getPayload().toString();
 var node = jcrSession.getItem(path);

 if (node.getPath().indexOf("/content/geometrixx/en/company") >= 0) {
 return true;
 } else {
 return false;
 }
 } else {
 return false;
 }
}
As attachment you will find a package (ExampleRuleWorkflow-1.0-1.zip) with this script and an example workflow with one step Step 1 above the XOR Split and two parallel steps Left Stepand Right Step.
The route (transition) from Step 1 to Left Step has a Roule with the script above.
If you start the workflow you are on Step 1 and can select the route to Right Step always, independent on the current page in the workflow.
The route to Left Step is only available if the current page in the workflow is the geometrixx company page or a childpage...
Applies to
CQ5.2+
Download
Adobe logo
Sign in to your account


it's advisable to disable Dynamic Memory if you intend to use Nested Virtualization. (More details here.) Note that it used to be a strict prerequisite for Nested Virtualization in some preview builds, but not anymore.
However, you are not going to use Nested Virtualization. So, this recommendation does not apply. If you believe you need Nested Virtualization please see above.
back to top
2.6. I need to disable DMA protection
This is yet another known requirement related to Nested Virtualization. It applies to scenarios where all of the following is true.
As a reminder, there may be various reasons to run VSM inside a VM. Credential Guard is one of them. However, if you only need VSM (and any features that depend on it, such as Credential Guard), you do not have to enable Nested Virtualization . Hence, this limitation does not apply to you.
Fine, but when is it actually needed?
The most common scenario where all of the above conditions are valid is running so-called "Guarded Host" inside a VM, e.g. for a Shielded VMs lab. Shielded VMs technology (or, more precisely, virtual TPM functionality) relies on VSM on the host (and such host is called Guarded Host.) If your host is actually a VM itself, you end up in this scenario.
Another less common use case where the same set of conditions applies is scenario known as "Repair Garage" used in some Shielded VMs implementations. It is different from the abovementioned lab scenario in the sense that the only Shielded VM is the "Garage" itself. It runs under a hypervisor which runs directly on bare metal. As such, we can call it "Level 1" or "Parent" VM. The "Child" or "Level 2" VMs are not necessarily shielded. However, since this scenario still involves nested virtualization, it falls into the same bucket from prerequisites standpoint.
In either case, VSM of "Parent" VM cannot benefit from DMA protection. The reason is that Hyper-V does not provide a virtual device with IOMMU functionality (an equivalent of "Intel Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O" or VT-d.)
So, if you configure Virtual Secure Mode for such scenarios, you should not set it to require DMA protection. In other words, the value of "RequirePlatformSecurityFeatures" parameter should be 1 instead of 3.
If you are curious what are the meanings of different numerical values of "RequirePlatformSecurityFeatures", they seem to match those of "RequiredSecurityProperties" property of "Win32_DeviceGuard" WMI class. However, the only officially documented values are 1 and 3.
Anyhow, unless you intend to run "child" virtual machines (shielded or otherwise) inside your "parent" virtual machine, you do not need the nested virtualization feature. Consequently, the DMA Protection limitation does not apply to your scenario. You can safely expect that DMA Protection is available, and hence require it. That is, set "RequirePlatformSecurityFeatures" to 3.
However, if you indeed aim to use Nested Virtualization, and hence relax the DMA Protection requirement, please be aware that you are trading off a valuable security feature—so you have to understand your scenario and implications well.
Consequences
Strictly speaking, DMA protection functionality (IOMMU) does not make sense for a virtualized environment anyhow—because there's no DMA hardware in a virtual machine. (Unless you specifically enable Guest RDMA .) If the "parent" VM is shielded (e.g. in a "Repair Garage" scenario), it provides sufficient protection from the host-based attacks, even in the absence of DMA protection in the guest.
(The physical machine of course still needs this important functionality. Please see below for details on Shielded VMs threats and countermeasures.)
In a typical lab scenario, however, the "parent" virtual machine is typically not shielded, while the "child" VMs might be. (Because, if you already can run a Shielded VM as your "Level 1" VM—that is, under a hypervisor running on bare metal—you probably do not need to do that in a lab anymore.) In this configuration, the "child" VM's secrets are expected to be secured by the VSM running in the host—which in our case is "parent" VM. However, as the latter is not shielded, these secrets are still vulnerable to host-based attacks. Hence, this is a perfectly valid lab scenario, but it does not provide any real protection. It cannot be used for vulnerability assessment, penetration testing or actual production deployment.
back to top
2.7. I need to enable virtual TPM
Well this assumption is not as false as previous ones. However, it is still false. In fact, you do not need a TPM to run Credential Guard. This is true for both physical (bare metal) and virtual machines. So, a TPM is not strictly a requirement.
However, TPM is highly recommended. As documentation says, "A TPM provides protection for VBS encryption keys that are stored in the firmware. This helps protect against attacks involving a physically present user with BIOS access."
Please note the emphasis I added to previous paragraph. This is very important for the following discussion.
Virtual TPM and VM identity
Virtual TPM (vTPM) is somewhat an unusual virtual device. While most of VM devices can be added or removed, a virtual TPM can only be enabled or disabled. Similarly to a physical TPM, soldered on the motherboard, you cannot truly remove it, or replace with an instance of another device. Even if you disable vTPM, and then enable it back, it's still the original instance of the device with the previously existing contents. Normally it does not matter, but please keep this in mind in case of any troubleshooting or security compromise.
You can clear or re-initialize a virtual TPM similarly to a physical TPM. However, if for some reason you need to actually replace it, you will need to create another VM configuration from scratch. That would affect other identities of the VM. Some of them are more or less easy to change (to mimic those of original VM)—for instance, SMBIOS GUID, Serial Number or MAC addresses of the vmNICs. However, some other identities are very hard (if ever possible) to modify—such as PNP IDs of virtual devices.
back to top
2.8. I need Shielded Virtual Machine
To put it simply, you don't. There are no technical requirement to have any of Shielded VMs features if you want to run Credential Guard or any other feature powered by Virtual Secure Mode (e.g. HVCI.)
Devil in details
However, let's talk about threat modeling a little. As explained above, having a TPM is strongly advised. Without a TPM, your machine (or anything protected by VSM inside a machine) is vulnerable for attacks by anyone with physical access. For a physical, bare-metal machine, that's anyone hanging out nearby your computer. Plain and simple. But for a virtual machine, the list goes on and on. Virtualization is a blessing for IT because it provides unprecedented abstraction and flexibility. But the direct consequence of this abstraction is the need to rethink the concept of "physical access".
At very least, that includes anyone hanging out nearby your virtualization host. However, an equivalent of physical access includes anyone (no matter how remote they are) with administrative privileges on the virtualization host (e.g. your virtualization administrator). But protecting the host itself is not enough. Because the list also includes anyone with access to virtual machine files in one way or another. For some environments that might include the storage (SAN) administrator, backup operator, antivirus administrator, whoever manages the patching infrastructure, network administrator, datacenter technicians—or even the hardware vendor who is authorized to come in and swap bad parts in servers.
(From the standpoint of a Shielded VMs implementation we call all these parties collectively "Fabric Administrators"—however, this might be confusing, especially considering what a "Fabric" means in other contexts. We intentionally unify them under a generic term because they are all equally untrusted from the perspective of a VM owner—the party we call "a Tenant").
What I'm trying to say here, the concept of "physical access" is very different comparing with that with a physical computer. For a virtual machine, "physical access" is… well, virtual.
And so what?
So, looking at the above recommendation again, we should add a TPM to mitigate the physical presence attack vector. Is that it? Well, yes, if we were talking about a physical machine. But with a virtual machine, that list of people who have an equivalent of "physical access" might be endless.
For this very reason, simply adding a virtual TPM does not add anything to our threat model. Now instead of protecting the VM disk files, we need to protect much smaller resource or configuration files (where the contents of virtual TPM lives.) Even though virtual TPM contents is always encrypted at rest, the encryption key has to be stored somewhere. And by default there's nowhere else to


Protocols and methods
Here you can find measurement protocols and data processing methods for NanoCuvette™, SpectroLink™ and SpectroWorks™.
To calculate the refractive index with the NanoCuvette™ One it is required to obtain three spectra using a conventional spectrophotometer:
 1. A reference spectrum through the optical filter using a reference liquid (usually water).
 2. A sample spectrum through the optical filter.
 3. A sample spectrum through the clear side of the NanoCuvette™ One (not through the optical filter).
The three spectra must be obtained using the same NanoCuvette™ One and uploaded to the free online software on our website to calculate the refractive index of the sample. Follow the user guide to get the details for each step.
The free software presents the refractive index and absorbance results as a complete lab report, where the user can add their own notes, sample parameters etc. The analysis can easily be accessed later through the online user profile. The lab report, figures and data can be exported and printed.
NanoCuvette™ One with SpectroWorks™ 1.0
1. Start by creating a new project.
2. Create a measurement flow.
3. Use a reference for instrument calibration.
4. Measure sample by 2 mL or 0.5 μL method.
5. View the results and document your work.


text:
A Royal Australian Air Force E-7A Wedgetail aircraft has returned to Australia following a year-long deployment to the Middle East with a new record under its wings.
The aircraft has been operating in the Middle East region (MER) with Australia's Air Task Group 630, performing airborne command and control as part of operation Okra.
Operation Okra is the Australian Defence Force's contribution to the United States-led global Coalition to combat the Daesh terrorist threat in Iraq.
Australia's support to Iraq comes at the request of the Iraqi government and is closely coordinated with a coalition of international partners.
During operations, the Wedgetail achieved a significant milestone in the life of the platform with a mission sortie of 17.3 hours flown – the longest flight recorded from a Boeing 737 airframe, according to the Australian defense department.
Based on a Boeing 737-700, the E-7A Wedgetail combines long-range surveillance radar, secondary radar, passive detection surveillance receivers and tactical/strategic voice and data communications systems. This provides the ADF with its ability to survey, command, control and coordinate a joint air, sea and land battle in real time.
Over the course of the operational commitment, all six No. 2 Squadron E-7A Wedgetail's have been rotated in to supporting operations in the MER since the start of operations in September 2014. The support has been significant with more than 550 missions flown over the period – equating to over 6900 flying hours.
"The ability of the E-7A to integrate and perform with excellence in support of coalition forces demonstrates that Air Force has an advanced, highly capable airborne early warning and control platform with quality people underpinning it, the envy of armed forces worldwide," Air Commodore Barbara Courtney said.


text:
Water supply responsibility
Queensland's water supply systems (including dams, weirs, desalination plants, and other water treatment plants and infrastructure) are owned and managed by:
- government owned entities (Sunwater, Seqwater, Mount Isa Water Board and Gladstone Area Water Board)
- private entities (e.g. mining companies, port authorities, estate managers)
- local councils (for the majority of Queensland outside South East Queensland).
The ownership and management of water supply systems varies across the state.
In South East Queensland (SEQ), Seqwater owns the bulk water supply infrastructure (i.e. dams and weirs) and is responsible for long-term water supply planning for the region. Water utilities and councils provide water to homes and businesses within SEQ.
Read more about the framework for water security in SEQ, and read about Seqwater's Water for life: South East Queensland's water security program.
Outside SEQ, SunWater owns most of the state's bulk water infrastructure. Councils can also own dams and weirs, and bores to access underground water. Councils generally operate as service providers, owning most of the water treatment facilities and distribution networks, and providing retail services to homes and businesses.
Responsibility for urban water security
Responsibility for urban water supply security and continuity of supply lies with service providers. Listed below are key planning activities that should be undertaken by service providers to reduce risks to water supply security and continuity of services, and links to relevant guidelines:
- asset management planning (PDF, 908KB): to understand key capacity constraints and optimise existing assets
- drought response planning (2.1MB): to be proactive, and to help reduce costs and the risk of supply shortfalls
- water supply planning (1.1MB): including demand forecasting, and
- reviewing timing for future supply augmentation: to ensure adequate water supply to meet future demands.
Read our guide to managing water supply risk for more information and water security planning guidelines.
- Read about planning guidelines for water supply and sewerage (PDF, 1.5MB)
- Find out about managing water demand.


text:
GK12 is an NSF funded program that implements the knowledge of Graduate Students to enhance Public school K-12 education. Arkansas State University places 8 graduate Fellows each year in Arkansas public schools to enrich Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) in the classroom. The Graduate Fellows draw upon current research experiences to develop lesson plans that meet state and national standards.
A GK12 theme of "Land Use, Land Cover, and Biodiversity in the Mississippi Embayment" was developed based on Environmental Sciences Graduate Program faculty research addressing regional biodiversity across ecosystems and organisms.
The goals of the program are:
- to improve Fellows' skills in communicating science to a broad audience while gaining a deeper understanding of their own research
- to improve or enhance teachers' knowledge and experience
- to pique students' interest in STEM and STEM careers while exposing students to an enriched STEM environment
- to strengthen partnerships between ASU and school districts
Intellectual merit and broader impacts of the proposal are:
- for fellows to maintain links with 6-8th grade classroom
- to create student curiosity about STEM and STEM careers
- teachers being better trained
- to create linkages between higher education and school districts
- to reach under-served populations


What is the contextual significance of tenure in the field of education?
Asked on
1 Answer | Add Yours
Top Answer
pohnpei397's profile pic
Posted on (Answer #1)
Tenure is significant in the field of education because it allows teachers to have their jobs guaranteed. This practice, its critics say, allows teachers to keep their jobs even if they stop improving their performance and even if their performance actually declines.
Once a teacher has worked a given amount of time in a job, they receive tenure and can no longer (typically) be terminated unless they demonstrate gross incompetence or engage in some kind of misconduct. What this means is that teachers who have tenure do not really need to try to improve if they do not want to. All they need to do is to keep from showing gross incompetence and they can keep their jobs indefinitely.
Critics of tenure see this as one of the major problems with the public education system. They feel that teachers get complacent and no longer try hard. This, they argue, harms students. If teachers did not have tenure they would constantly be at risk of losing their jobs and would therefore work harder.
So, the significance of tenure is that it is a major source of controversy that, to critics of the public educational system, reduces teacher quality and harms students.
We've answered 288,075 questions. We can answer yours, too.
Ask a question


text:
Rocky Mountain Research Station Publications
RMRS Online Publication
RMRS-RB-1: Comprehensive Inventory of Utah's Forest Resources, 1993
O'Brien, Renee A. 1999. Comprehensive inventory of Utah's forest resources, 1993. Resour. Bull. RMRS-RB-1. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 105 p.
This report presents the results of an inventory of Utah's forest lands, completed in 1995. It is the first of its kind for the Interior West States in that it includes all forested lands, regardless of ownership or administrative status. It also includes information on a multitude of forest ecosystem attributes.
Included in this report are tables and highlights of area, numbers of trees, biomass, volume, growth, mortality, successional stage, understory vegetation, removals, and net change. Much of the information is organized by forest type, species, diameter class, or owner. The report also explains inventory design and inventory terminology, and discusses data reliability. Roughly 29 percent of the area of Utah is forest land, and about 83 percent of the forest land is administered by government agencies. Only about 5 percent of the forest land in Utah is reserved from being utilized for wood products. The most common forest type is pinyon-juniper, composing 49 percent of the total forest land. The tree species estimated to have the highest percent of the total number of trees is Gambel oak, with 25 percent. The tree species estimated to compose the largest percent of biomass is Utah juniper, with 24 percent of the total biomass and 25 percent of the total cubic foot volume. The total volume of wood in live trees in Utah is estimated to be over 15.3 billion cubic feet. The area of timberland not reserved from harvesting is about 4.9 million acres, or 31 percent of the forest land. The net volume of growing stock on nonreserved timberland is over 7.4 billion cubic feet, with almost 78 percent of that on lands administered by the National Forest System.
Keywords: Forest land area, forest inventory, numbers of trees, biomass, volume, growth, mortality, successional stage, forest type, double sampling
About PDFs: For best results, do not open the PDF in your Web browser. Right-click on the PDF link to download the PDF file directly to your computer. Click here for more PDF help or order a printed copy of this publication.
PDF File Size: 1.1 MB
Comprehensive Inventory of Utah's Forest Resources, 1993
Electronic Publish Date: November 30, 1999
Last Update: April 27, 2005
RMRS Publications | Order a publication | Contact Us


text:
Objective: This study extends previous research by exploring the association between mood states (i.e., positive and negative affect) and fixation in practicing anesthetists using a realistic medical simulation. Background: The impact of practitioner emotional states on fixation is a neglected area of research. Emerging evidence is demonstrating the role of positive affect in facilitating problem solving and innovation, with demonstrated implications for practitioner fixation. Method: Twelve practicing anesthetists (4 females; Mage= 39 years; SD = 6.71) were involved in a medical simulation. Prior to the simulation, practitioners rated the frequency they had experienced various positive and negative emotions in the previous three days. During the simulation, the patient deteriorated rapidly, and anesthetists were observed for their degree of fixation. After the simulation, practitioners indicated the frequency of these same emotions during the simulation. Results: Nonparametric correlations were used to explore the independent relationships between positive and negative affect and the behavioral measures. Only positive affect impacted the likelihood of fixation. Anesthetists who reported more frequent recent positive affect in the three days prior to the simulation and during the simulation tended to be less fixated as judged by independent raters, identified a decline in patient oxygen saturation more quickly, and more rapidly implemented the necessary intervention (surgical cricothyroidotomy). Conclusion: These findings have some real-world implications for positive affect in patient safety. Application: This research has broad implications for professions where fixation may impair practice. This research suggests that professional training should teach practitioners to identify their emotions and understand the role of these emotions in fixation.
- anesthesiology and perioperative care
- patient safety
- skilled performance


text:
A Study Of The Test Method Of Coating Adherence Of
A layer of uniform and stable coating with a suitable thickness is needed for the hot side of refractories used in the burning zones of cement rotary kilns. the coating can protect the refractories and prolong its service life. therefore, it is essential for the refractories used in the burning zone to form coating. in this paper, the mechanism of coating behaviour was analyzed, and the.
Rotary Cement Kiln Refractory Rongsheng Refractory
Alkaline refractory bricks are mainly used in rotary cement kiln sintering zone, transition zone and kiln hood. spinel brick is one of the main lining materials for large size rotary cement kilns, it gradually replaces magnesite chrome brick and is widely used in transition zone, cooling zone and kiln hood, or even sintering zone.
Cement Kiln Refractory Archives Rs Kiln Refractory Bricks
Based on the working condition of rotary cement kiln components, corresponding refractory materials should be chosen to meet the production requirement and obtain ideal cost performance. unloading port and unloading belt: unloading belt usually adopts 7080 highalumina brick, thermal shock resistant high alumina brick, spinel brick, chromebrick.
Causes Of Damage To Cement Rotary Kiln And Lcdri Cn
The damage of the refractory lining of the rotary kiln often affects the continuity of production. it is one of the common equipment accidents. the causes of the defects include design structure, refractory quality, masonry quality and operation and maintenance.
Coating And Burnability Of Clinker | Springerlink
Abstract. coating plays a very important role on the refractory life in burning zone, of the rotary kiln, where the condition is most arduous. the mechanism of coating formation and the stability of coating largely determine the refractory life.
Burner Pipes Refractory Products | Cement Industry | Resco
Burner pipes introduce fuel into the cement kiln where it ignites, creating heat for the process. refractory castables line the outside of the burner pipe leading into the rotary kiln. these castables require proper refractoriness, good thermal shock resistance, alkali resistance, and strong abrasion resistance.. selecting the right hightemperature refractory helps create an improved burner.
Modeling Of Rotary Kiln In Cement Industry
Cement production is a highly energyintensive process, and the rotary kiln is the most important part of the process. having a comprehensive model of the kiln in order to reduce manufacturing costs, better performance can be created. in this paper, the influence processes in a simulated cement rotary kiln and operating parameters on the output of the study were to develop and validate the.
Refractory Material Solutions Of Cement Rotary Kiln
Currently, according to relevant researches, manufacturing processes and practical operation experiences, refractory materials for differernt parts of rotary cement kiln are suggested. (1). the sintering zone and bilateral transition zone with stable coating should adopt magnesia bricks, which include magnesia chrome brick, low chromium and.
Damage Of Refractory Bricks Lined In Cement Rotary Kilns
Damage of refractory bricks lined in cement rotary kilnson df refratek have been producing basic refractories raging from burned magnesia brick, magnesia checker brick,magnesia chrome brick, corundum chrome brick,magnesia spinel brick,magneisa hercynite brick to monolithic refractories since the day of the supply high quality products to industries such as.
Refractory Work In Cement Kiln I
Refractory work in cement kiln i the most important area of kiln where stable coating is observed is called burning or sintering zone. the.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
from Dive into HTML5: Cache Manifest: Fallback section
/ /offline.html
i dont understand from the URL given what this block of code exactly does. does the fallback section mean when anything is not found, show the offline.html page
then network: * all resources will be cached? it says also
It uses common CSS, JavaScript, and images on each page. Each of these resources would need to be listed explicitly in the CACHE
this seems to conflict to network: * where it seems to say cache everything?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 12 down vote accepted
There are three types of headings in a cache manifest, CACHE, NETWORK and FALLBACK. Anything that is not under a heading is implicitly set under CACHE. An explanation of each section:
CACHE: Files under this heading will be cached.
NETWORK: Files under this heading require an internet connection and so will be NOT be cached.
FALLBACK: Files matched by patterns under this heading (Such as the pattern "/", which matches all files) and have not been cached, will have a fallback file shown instead.
With regards to the block of code from Dive into HTML 5, there is an explanation of the "NETWORK: *" part just under it:
It means that, while you're browsing this hypothetical offline-enabled Wikipedia online, your browser will fetch images and videos and other embedded resources normally, even if they are on a different domain. (This is common in large websites, even if they aren't part of an offline web application. HTML pages are generated and served locally, while images and videos are served from a CDN on another domain.) Without this wildcard flag, our hypothetical offline-enabled Wikipedia would behave strangely when you were online — specifically, it wouldn't load any externally-hosted images or videos!
The following quote:
means that you must include all necessary CSS, Javascript and image files in the manifest under the CACHE heading. It does not conflict with 'NETWORK: *' because the NETWORK heading does NOT mean 'cache everything'. It actually means the opposite: that everything under the NETWORK heading requires an internet connection and should not be cached.
share|improve this answer
I have found out more useful stuff about FALLBACK:
After a bit of experimenting, I tried various things including whether files in FALLBACK: should appear in the CACHE or NETWORK sections at all. The answer seems to be no.
As an example... FALLBACK: sign-up-portrait.png offline-portrait-1.png sign-up-landscape.png offline-landscape-1.png
I specified this in one of my micro sites recently. The intention is to show the sign-uppng files when online and the offlinepng files when offline. This works well. In particular the files on the left side of each line are implicitly as if they were in the NETWORK section, the site will always try to get them online. They must not be added to the NETWORK section as well, otherwise it seems to override what's in FALLBACK. Plus, happily, the files on the right are implicitly as if added in the CACHE: section so even if they are not used at first, they are cached on first load without having to explicitly add them to CACHE: although you can add them there too if you want. It makes no difference.
For this configuration, looking at the webserver logs, I see that each time the page is refreshed, apache logs a 304 against the manifest file and against the sign-uppng file that's required for that version of the page (there's a CSS media selector determining which, based on page size). So it's correctly always checking for the sign-uppng files as well as the usual manifest checking, which is exactly what I want.
For the sake of being thorough, I tried to see if the root file needs to be in the CACHE: section too. It turns out it doesn't! If your top level file is index.html and it has the manifest file specified in its html tag then the manifest file need not contain index.html anywhere, it's implicitly cached.
I am curious how far the app cache can extend. Can you include other html files that are linked to or in iframes? Or do those all need to have their own manifest files that are separate? Anyone care to comment?
A side comment about format, don't make the mistake I did, which is to put in... NETWORK file1.js
Missing the colon causes it to totally break, thinking that NETWORK is a resource in its own right.
It must be... NETWORK: file1.js
share|improve this answer
Thanks for experimenting and coming back to leave the feedback!! I was just about to get started doing the same thing because I didn't understand how the stuff in the Fallback would be cached and if it wasn't explicitly specified somewhere – Kirn Feb 18 '13 at 4:44
Your Answer


text:
The multi-agent resource allocation problem corresponds to the negotiation of m resources among n autonomous agents, in order to maximize a social welfare function. Contrary to some former studies, the purpose is neither here to simply determine a socially optimal resource allocation nor to prove the existence of a transaction sequence leading to this optimum, but to find a practical transaction sequence among agents, for any type of contact networks. With this intention, we study various agent behaviors in order to identify which one leads the most often to an optimal resource allocation. The allocation that is reached, can be viewed as an emergent phenomenon that comes out from local interactions among the agents.
After a study of different transaction types, we show that, among the set of studied transactions, the so called "social gift" transaction, is the most efficient one for solving the resource allocation problem associated with the utilitarian social welfare.
Paru en juin 2008, 20 pages


text:
Part of Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 31 (NeurIPS 2018)
Yuanzhi Li, Yingyu Liang
Neural networks have many successful applications, while much less theoretical understanding has been gained. Towards bridging this gap, we study the problem of learning a two-layer overparameterized ReLU neural network for multi-class classification via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) from random initialization. In the overparameterized setting, when the data comes from mixtures of well-separated distributions, we prove that SGD learns a network with a small generalization error, albeit the network has enough capacity to fit arbitrary labels. Furthermore, the analysis provides interesting insights into several aspects of learning neural networks and can be verified based on empirical studies on synthetic data and on the MNIST dataset.


text:
Why are multiparous women more at risk of uterine rupture?
A multiparous woman is one who has previously given birth to at least one baby after 28 weeks of gestation. The gestational age is significant, because by 28 weeks the fetus will have reached a substantial size and weight, so the multiparous woman's uterus will already have been stretched. One result of this stretching is that the delivery is expected to be easier in subsequent pregnancies – which is, indeed, usually the case. Despite this fact, multiparous women are more likely than primiparous (first-time) mothers to experience uterine rupture if their labour is obstructed.
Can you suggest a reason for this unexpected finding?
One reason is that first-time mothers do not have a previous history of complicated delivery, whereas a woman who has given birth before may have already had complications which caused scarring of the uterus or other parts of the birth canal. Such scarring is a risk factor for a ruptured uterus.


text:
UModel diagrams can be deleted in one of the following ways:
-In the Model Tree window (or Diagram Tree window, or Favorites window), right-click the diagram, and then select Delete from the context menu.
-Click the diagram in any of the windows mentioned above, and then press Delete.
Deleting a diagram does not remove any elements from the project except the diagram itself. To check if elements are used in any diagrams, right-click the package you would like to inspect, and select List elements not used in any diagram, see also Checking Where and If Elements Are Used.
For information about deleting elements from a diagram or from a project, see Deleting Elements.


Creating a record is optional (we will see soon). If you allow user to create a record, you must supply an action to jTable to create a new record:
[HttpPost]
public JsonResult CreatePerson(Person person)
{
 try
 {
 if (!ModelState.IsValid)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR",
 Message = "Form is not valid! " +
 "Please correct it and try again." });
 }
 var addedPerson = _personRepository.AddPerson(person);
 return Json(new { Result = "OK", Record = addedPerson });
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR", Message = ex.Message });
 }
}
CreatePerson method must return the newly created object as the Record property. This is needed since newly inserted record will has a key (PersonId in this sample) and automatically generated values (such as RecordDate here).
Updating
Editing a record is optional (we will see soon). If you allow user to edit a record, you must supply an action to jTable to update a record:
[HttpPost]
public JsonResult UpdatePerson(Person person)
{
 try
 {
 if (!ModelState.IsValid)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR",
 Message = "Form is not valid! " +
 "Please correct it and try again." });
 }
 _personRepository.UpdatePerson(person);
 return Json(new { Result = "OK" });
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR", Message = ex.Message });
 }
}
Deleting
Deleting a record is optional (we will see soon). If you allow user to delete a record, You must supply an action to jTable to delete a record:
[HttpPost]
public JsonResult DeletePerson(int personId)
{
 try
 {
 _personRepository.DeletePerson(personId);
 return Json(new { Result = "OK" });
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR", Message = ex.Message });
 }
}
Getting options
jTable can automatically download and fill comboboxes from a URL. For instance, the City combobox in the Person create/edit form above uses this feature. In such cases, you must supply an action to get the option list:
[HttpPost]
public JsonResult GetCityOptions()
{
 try
 {
 var cities = _personRepository.GetCities().Select(
 c => new { DisplayText = c.CityName, Value = c.CityId });
 return Json(new { Result = "OK", Options = cities });
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR", Message = ex.Message });
 }
}
The returning JSON object must have the Options property. It is an array of objects and every object has two properties: DisplayText and Value.
View
Until here, there was nothing about jTable and javascript. C# codes above was specific to the ASP.NET MVC implementation. View side is completely about jTable.
You can obtain jTable either from nuget package or from it's web site.
When you download jTable, you will have a folder structure as shown below:
jTable folder structure
jquery.jtable.js file is the main and only JavaScript file which you must include in your page.
First, we add the metro style blue color theme file to the HEAD section of the HTML document (Razor view in ASP.NET MVC3):
<link href="_URL_
 rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
You can use other ready themes or can write your own style files. Then we must add the jquery.jtable.js script file to the page:

Note that jTable is dependent on jQuery and jQueryUI (included UI effects). So, you must add those scripts to your page before jTable. If you don't have these libraries, go to _URL_ to download jQueryUI (it includes jQuery).
Finally, we can create the jTable instance like this:

Yes, it's a long definition but that's all! jTable does not need anything else to create tables, forms, and animations. All options are explained in API Reference documantation but I want to explain some basics now.
As you can see, jTable just needs a div container as the only HTML tag. It gets options:
 - title: Title of the table.
 - actions: URLs of actions that are used to create/delete/update/list records.
 - fields: All fields of the record. A field entry has properties those define shape and behaviour the field.
Finally, the load method of jTable is used to get records from the server. You can always call this method to load/refresh table data from the server.
Paging
jTable allows you server side paging with AJAX. See a demo here. It looks like the sample below:
jTable paging
To enable paging, paging option must set to true. You can also set pageSize option (default value is 10).
$('#PersonTable').jtable({
 //...
 paging: true, //Set paging enabled
 actions: {
 //...
 },
 fields: {
 //...
 }
});
If paging is enabled, jTable sends two query string parameters to the server on listAction AJAX call:
 - jtStartIndex: Start index of records for current page.
 - jtPageSize: Count of maximum expected records.
Also, one additional information is expected from server:
 - TotalRecordCount: Total count of records (not only this page).
An ASP.NET MVC action that is used for paging is shown below:
[HttpPost]
public JsonResult PersonList(int jtStartIndex, int jtPageSize)
{
 try
 {
 int personCount = _personRepository.GetPersonCount();
 List<Person> persons = _personRepository.GetPersons(jtStartIndex, jtPageSize);
 return Json(new { Result = "OK", Records = persons, TotalRecordCount = personCount });
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 return Json(new { Result = "ERROR", Message = ex.Message });
 }
}
Sorting
jTable allows you server side sorting with AJAX. See


CDC::GetTextExtentExPointI
TOC
Collapse the table of content
Expand the table of content
CDC::GetTextExtentExPointI

Retrieves the number of characters in a specified string that will fit within a specified space and fills an array with the text extent for each of those characters.
BOOL GetTextExtentExPointI( LPWORD pgiIn, int cgi, int nMaxExtent, LPINT lpnFit, LPINT alpDx, LPSIZE lpSize) const;
pgiIn
A pointer to an array of glyph indices for which extents are to be retrieved.
cgi
Specifies the number of glyphs in the array pointed to by pgiIn.
nMaxExtent
Specifies the maximum allowable width, in logical units, of the formatted string.
lpnFit
A pointer to an integer that receives a count of the maximum number of characters that will fit in the space specified by nMaxExtent. When lpnFit is NULL, nMaxExtent is ignored.
alpDx
A pointer to an array of integers that receives partial glyph extents. Each element in the array gives the distance, in logical units, between the beginning of the glyph indices array and one of the glyphs that fits in the space specified by nMaxExtent. Although this array should have at least as many elements as glyph indices specified by cgi, the function fills the array with extents only for as many glyph indices as are specified by lpnFit. If lpnDx is NULL, the function does not compute partial string widths.
lpSize
Pointer to a SIZE structure that receives the dimensions of the glyph indices array, in logical units. This value cannot be NULL.
Nonzero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.
This member function emulates the functionality of the function GetTextExtentExPointI, as described in the Windows SDK.
Requirements
Header: afxwin.h
Show:
© 2015 Microsoft


Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
How to Make a Game Like Space Invaders. What IS Space Invaders? a SHMUP (shoot-em-up) Player has one ship, enemy has many Player and enemies interact.
Similar presentations
Presentation on theme: "How to Make a Game Like Space Invaders. What IS Space Invaders? a SHMUP (shoot-em-up) Player has one ship, enemy has many Player and enemies interact."— Presentation transcript:
1 How to Make a Game Like Space Invaders
2 What IS Space Invaders? a SHMUP (shoot-em-up) Player has one ship, enemy has many Player and enemies interact by shooting at each other Top-down 2D (usually)
3 Concepts
4 Video Frames/Ticks A film is made of 24 still pictures per second Motion is achieved by small changes to each picture, but 24 fps is still fast
5 Video Frames/Ticks 2 Video games are usually 30 or 60-80 fps Video games achieve movement by moving each screen object a little bit every frame
6 Shmups are very object- oriented Ships are objects Bullets are objects The player is an object Explosions are objects Levels can be objects (certainly made of objects)
7 Question How many bullets can be on the screen at once? Space Invaders = 1 for player, 2 for enemies Modern = completely arbitrary
8 Lists A great way to store and organize objects Most beginners get hung up here Conceptually harder than arrays C and C++ use linked lists (with pointers) BlitzBasic has list:TList
9 What is a ship? Is-dead flag Health value X and Y positions Path logic and data Reference to the art Animation state Bullet/missile launch state Bullets and Explosions are very similar to ships!
10 What is a player ship? Not as much, surprisingly Path logic is in your fingers, not in code So keyboard state checks (for avatar control) go here
11 What is a bullet/missile? Like a ship, but (usually) simpler movement Erased when it goes off screen, not when it reaches the end of its path State: Player shot or Enemy shot Each Player-bullet collides against every enemy Each Enemy-bullet collides against player
12 So, to make space invaders… Make a player Make a bunch of enemies Move them every frame, have them create bullets Move the bullets every frame Check for enemy-bullet collision every frame Keep going, even if all the enemies or the player is dead
13 Programming
14 Main loop in Pseudocode Main() { SetupEverything(); CreatePlayer(); CreateAllEnemies(); done = false; while (done == false) { TickPlayer(); TickEnemyList(); TickBulletList(); DrawPlayer(); DrawEnemyList(); DrawBulletList(); if (EscapeKeyPressed() == TRUE) done = TRUE; WaitForNextFrame(); } ShutDownEverything(); }
15 Timer callback version TimerFunction() { TickPlayer(); TickEnemyList(); TickBulletList(); // some systems, like Flash and Torque, do the drawing for you DrawPlayer(); DrawEnemyList(); DrawBulletList(); if (EscapeKeyPressed() == TRUE) done = TRUE; }
16 TickBulletList() { ForEach( bullet) { x = x + dx; y = y + dy; if (BulletOffScreen()) { isDead = TRUE; } ForEach(enemy) { if (Collides(enemy, bullet)) { isDead = TRUE; DamageEnemy(enemy); } RemoveDeadBulletsFromList(); }
17 Basic Math
18 Vectors and Offsets Where is your Ship? X and Y
19 Vectors and Offsets 2 Where is your bullet? Also X and Y Where is your bullet in relation to your ship? bulletX – shipX and bulletY – shipY
20 Vectors and Offsets 3 How far apart are they? Pythagorean theorem (sqr(a) + sqr(b) = sqr(c)) This requires a slow square root function
21 Vectors and Offsets2 What direction from the ship to the bullet? Arctangent Atan2(bulletX – shipX, bulletY – shipY)
22 Arctangent Usually gives a direction in radians, from 0- (2*PI) PI is 3._PHONE_ (= 180 degrees) Radian to degrees = dir / (PI*2) * 360
23 Vectors and Offsets3 So you can describe the relationship between two objects on the screen in two different ways
24 Offsets Offset = x and y coordinates (or differences)
25 Vectors Vector = direction and distance
26 Translate Offsets to Vectors Get distance with Pythagoras Get direction with Atan2 (Arctangent)
27 Translate Vectors to Offsets X = sin(direction) * distance Y = cos(direction) * distance
28 Vectors & Offsets = important Shooting bullet directly at the player Homing missiles Collision detection (is bullet close enough?) Enemy follows path
29 What is TurnTowardsPoint() If you want the homing missile to turn slowly towards the enemy (instead of instantly) what do you do? The answer is the TurnTowardPoint() algorithm.
30 Designing Your Game
31 Bosses Traditional part of shmups Each one is a love letter to the player Multiple weapons Multiple parts Multiple Modes Its a boss, not just an extended enemy
32 Powerups Functionally just like Bullets Give expanded powers to the player Key to one of the basic metagames
33 The Game Modes Play mode Start mode Results mode (you are dead, howd you do) Pause mode Credits mode Options mode
34 Game Modes 2 Recognize that game modes are just states Completely different states than game states
35 Scrolling Background Space Invaders background was black Galaga and others had winking, scrolling stars Zaxxon and others started making the background complex and interactive Treasure games are famous for complex, puzzle-like environments
36 What are Shmup levels? Hand-crafted definitions of when each enemy shows up The things that happen before a boss shows up Divisions of art Scoring opportunities
37 How are levels made? Make the editors yourself, for yourself Ship path editor (mirror-able) Level editor Place art tiles Place ship spawn points Place camera path Boss editor
38
39
40
41
42
43
Download ppt "How to Make a Game Like Space Invaders. What IS Space Invaders? a SHMUP (shoot-em-up) Player has one ship, enemy has many Player and enemies interact."
Similar presentations
Ads by Google


How To Recover Deleted Emails From Outlook And Thunderbird
Did your important email get accidently deleted? Fret not, since it can be easily recovered. Mail Cure is a free portable tool for Windows that can recover every deleted email from both MS Outlook and Thunderbird instantly. Unlike other tools, it scans for empty traces in the hard disk block by block to find deleted emails.
Just run the tool(no installation required) and select the drive you want to scan data for deleted emails.
data to scan for email
Once done, it will automatically begin scanning for the deleted emails. You can see the progress of the scan in the progress bar that is displayed on the top-right side. The number of emails retrieved are also shown in the progress bar.
scanning for deleted emails
One upside about this tool is that you can preview the recovered emails while the scan is still in progress. Once the scan is complete, you can export the emails in either txt or eml format. The eml format is widely used to import emails in Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird, and other desktop email programs.
You can sort the emails by different ways such as sender, date, or subject. You can also search for any text in the emails by clicking Find button.
find email
It is a great email recovery tool, that is both portable, and simple-to-use. Enjoy!