text:
A cuckoo clock is a clock, typically pendulum driven, that strikes the hours using small bellows and whistles that imitate the call of the Common Cuckoo in addition to striking a wire gong. The mechanism to produce the cuckoo call was installed in almost every kind of cuckoo clock since the middle of the eighteenth century and has remained almost without variation until the present.
The design of a German cuckoo clock is now conventional. Most are made in the shape of a rustic birdhouse or chalet to hang on a wall. The wooden case is frequently decorated with carved leaves and animal heads. Most now have an automaton of the bird that appears through a small trap door while the clock is striking.
The bird is often made to move while the clock strikes, typically by means of an arm that lifts the back of the carving. There are two kind of movement: a one-day movement and an eight-day movement. Some have musical movements, and play a tune on a swiss music box after striking the hours and/or half-hours. Musical German cuckoo clocks frequently have other automata which move when the music box plays. Cuckoo clocks are almost always mechanical weight driven movement; a very few are spring driven. The weights are made of cast iron in a pine cone shape. 1 Day Clocks need to be wound by pulling up the weights each day. 8 Day Clocks need to be wound by pulling up the weights every 7-8 days
In recent years, quartz battery-powered cuckoo clocks have been available. These do not have genuine cuckoo bellows. The cuckoo bird flaps its wings as it calls to the sound of running water in the background. The call is an actual recording of a cuckoo in the wild. During the cuckoo call the double doors open and the cuckoo emerges only at full hour, and they do not have a gong wire. One thing that is unique about the quartz cuckoos is that it has a light sensor, so when you turn your lights off at night, it automatically turns off the cuckoo call. The weights are conventionally cast in the shape of pine cones made of plastic, as well as the cuckoo bird and hands. The pendulum bob is often another carved leaf. The dial is small, and typically marked with Roman numerals.
Black Forest Cuckoo Clocks from Germany are the world's finest. These hand-carved masterpieces feature precision mechanical movements, detailed craftsmanship, moving figurines, and music to delight you. The cuckoo clock is a magical work of art with mid-18th century tradition.


text:
Destruction of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS) is prominent in many clinico-pathologic conditions. Among animal models that reproduce the pathological features of deand remyelination processes, the mouse model of cuprizone administration is widely used. Both hyperactivity and motor impairment have been reported upon cuprizone exposure. The aim of the present study was to assess behaviour in mice after CPZ withdrawal.To summarize, animals showed hypo-activity and deficits in motor coordination when they were subjected to acute demyelinating insult while minor exploratory activity, impairment in motor coordination and lower anxiety levels emerged when remyelination was reached following cuprizone withdrawal. A recovery period of 6 weeks after removal of CPZ was not accompanied by a similar return of normal activity indicating long lasting behavioural effects caused by this neurotoxicant. Specifically, the recovery group showed impairments in neurological functions involved in sensorimotor, neuromuscular, motor coordination and the capacity to cope with a stress-inducing event.
Keywords: Cuprizone; Demyelination; Motor coordination and anxiety; Neurobehavioral screening; Remyelination.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


User Impersonation
Best Practices
User impersonation is the ability for a higher privileged user to assume the identity of a user at the same privileged level or a lower privileged level and make API calls as the "impersonated user". When making calls as the impersonated user, permissions of the impersonated user will be enforced. Usernames for both the impersonator and the impersonated user are logged in the audit trail for loan operations.
The steps below show each API call (the path, request header/body and the response) needed for impersonating a user and for making API loan calls as the impersonated user. The scenario presented below is an application that is running as Super Admin user that desires to make one or more actions as a loan officer with an Encompass login "jmillerlo".
Step 1: Retrieve a Bearer Token
The first step is to acquire a token for the a Super Admin user. A token is used by every API call to see if the caller has permission to make the requested call and provide the user attributes about the person making the call.
POST /oauth2/v1/token
BODY
PARAMETERVALUE
grant_typepassword
username{{smart_client_user}}@encompass:{{instance}}
password{{smart_client_password}}
client_id{{client_id}}
client_secret{{client_secret}}
RESPONSE
{
 "access_token": "0002zQgdd9kTIOO2SoPLT9ersU84",
 "token_type": "Bearer"
}
Step 2: Retrieve an Impersonation Token
Using the bearer token for Super Admin, retrieve a second bear token ("impersonation token") which will allow future API calls to execute as "jmillerlo". To accomplish this, we utilize the same API call as in Step 1, but change the body of the call. A new parameter subject_user_id will be the login of the person which will be impersonated, "jmillerlo". The actor_token is the token retrieved by super-admin. An impersonation token will be returned from this API call.
POST /oauth2/v1/token
BODY
PARAMETERVALUE
grant_typeurn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange
actor_token_typeurn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:access_token
subject_user_idjmillerlo
actor token0002pqXscVVs8Q3ujYVuC5IH9DF2
scope lpThe token scope is "lp" for Lending Platform.
client_id{{client_id}}
client_secret{{client_secret}}
RESPONSE
{
 "access_token": "0002lVfX1HupwVF1MgbGVKNOh3X7",
 "issued_token_type": "urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:access_token",
 "token_type": "Bearer"
}
Step 3: Utilize the Impersonation Access Token
To make API calls as "jmillerlo" use the new impersonation bear token returned in the response of Step 2 in the access_token field "0002lVfX1HupwVF1MgbGVKNOh3X7". In the steps below, we will make a few API calls with the new access token.
3.1 - Retrieve the Current Profile
The first example will retrieve the User Profile for the impersonation access token.
GET /encompass/v1/company/users/me
HEADER
PARAMETERVALUE
Authorization0002lVfX1HupwVF1MgbGVKNOh3X7
BODY
None
RESPONSE
{
 "id": "jmillerlo",
 "lastName": "Miller",
 "firstName": "LO",
 "fullName": "LO Miller",
 "email": "[email protected]",
 "workingFolder": "Adverse Loans",
 "subordinateLoanAccess": "ReadOnly",
 "userIndicators": [
 "TopLevelUser",
 "Enabled"
 ],
 "peerLoanAccess": "Disabled",
 "lastLogin": "2021-08-16T16:01:44Z",
 "personalStatusOnline": false,
 "comments": "",
 "personas": [
 {
 "entityId": "7",
 "entityType": "Persona",
 "entityName": "Loan Officer"
 }
 ],
 "ccSite": {
 "useParentInformation": true
 }
}
3.2 - Determine Eligible Role
In this example, we retrieve the Eligible Roles for the utilizing the impersonation token.
GET /encompass/v3/users/me/eligibleRoles
HEADER
PARAMETERVALUE
Authorization0002lVfX1HupwVF1MgbGVKNOh3X7
BODY
None
{
 "roles": [
 {
 "entityId": "1",
 "entityName": "Loan Officer",
 "entityType": "Role"
 }
 ]
}
As we can see from the response, a Loan Officer role was retrieved. This is what we would expect using the "jmillerlo" Encompass login.
3.3 - Introspect Impersonation Token
In this example we will examine the token and retrieve the data associated with the token. This is referred to as token introspection. We can see by the response that the user name returned is "jmillerlo@encompass:debe11223333". We expect to see "jmillerlo" as the user name, as this is who we are impersonating.
POST /oauth2/v1/token/introspection
HEADER
PARAMETERVALUE
Authorization0002lVfX1HupwVF1MgbGVKNOh3X7
BODY
None
RESPONSE
{
 "active": true,
 "scope": "lp",
 "client_id": "ccclaaa",
 "username": "jmillerlo@encompass:debe11223333",
 "token_type": "Bearer",
 "exp": _PHONE_,
 "sub": "jmillerlo@encompass:debe11223333",
 "bearer_token": "DEBE11223333_166215b9-0a2d-46b5-ac83-1038d292029b",
 "encompass_instance_id": "DEBE11223333",
 "actor_user_name": "admin",
 "user_name": "jmillerlo",
 "user_key": "jmillerlo@encompass:debe11223333",
 "encompass_user": "Encompass\\DEBE11223333\\jmillerlo",
 "identity_type": "Enterprise",
 "actor_encompass_user": "Encompass\\DEBE11223333\\admin",
 "encompass_instance_type": "INTERNAL",
 "encompass_client_id": "_PHONE_",
 "realm_name": "encompass:debe11223333"
}
User impersonation is a powerful and necessary capability when writing an application that must act on behalf of many users.


text:
Thus all elements of S are generated by ak and S is cyclic.
Now if for any element its order divides the order of the group then it follows that if n is the order of the group then an = e for any element a of any finite group. [Why must this be so?]
Now we have a constrained converse of Lagrange's theorem. It is true that for cyclic groups if n is a divisor of the order of the group then the group has a subgroup of order n. To see why this must be so recall that a cyclic group is generated by the powers of one of its elements. Let's see why this must be for the cyclic group of order 12.
Since 3 divides 12 (i.e. 3 × 4 = 12) then (a3)4 = a12 = e. Thus a3 is an element with order 4. (If it were less then a power of a less than 12 would equal e). Thus a3 generates a subgroup of order 4. Similarly a4 generates a subgroup of order 3 and a2 generates a subgroup of order 6 while a6 generates a subgroup of order 2. There are always the trivial subgroups of orders 1 and 12 (The subgroup containing only the identity and the whole group considered as a subgroup of itself).
There is nothing special about the number 12. Let a cyclic group have order n. If r is a divisor of n then there is some number s such that rs = n. Let a be an element of the group with order n. (it must have one if it is cyclic) Then ar is of order s and therefore generates a cyclic subgroup of order s while as generates a subgroup of order r.
We can go a bit further in looking at subgroups of cyclic groups. Not only does a cyclic group have a subgroup of order r for every r that divides the order of the group but it has exactly one subgroup for each distinct divisor of n. To see this suppose that S is a subgroup of a cyclic group of order n and a is a generator. Suppose S has order r where rs = n. Then S is generated by one of its elements, ak for some k. This means that ak has order r which in turn means that k times r equals some multiple of n. Now since rs = n, s must divide k. Therefore ak is in the group generated by as which is of order r. However ak generates a group of order r. Thus r elements of the subgroup generated by ak are in the subgroup generated by as which has only r elements. The subgroups must be identical.
Finally let's use group theory to deduce a famous result of number theory. Consider the non-zero members of integers mod p where p is prime. If we let our binary operation be multiplication mod p then we get a group with p-1 elements (we've thrown out zero). [Is it really a group?
This result is known as Fermat's Little Theorem.
© 1998 by Arfur Dogfrey

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


It doesn't create or style your popup but provides you with all the logic like centering, modal overlay, events and more. This example shows how to determine click position (row and column number) on click of a table cell using jQuery. Or ideally one that each step works out all the numbers and then updates the scale and position at the same time, instead of math->scale->math->position->math->scale etc. jQuery is one of the most popular JavaScript library on the planet, which offers a lot capabilities. This method returns an object with 2. 'jQuery if statements' are written the same way as javascript if statements, since it IS javascript. While this used to be a tricky problem, it's advisable to use CSS Flexbox and CSS Grid where possible these days, though this library may still be useful for legacy browsers. I think the only way to eliminate the jitter is to write your own animate function that actually calls position every time the size is changed. selection is a jQuery plugin that operate selection text/caret. NET Ajax(MicrosoftMvcValidation. fixedTableRC is a jQuery plug-in for converting a well formatted HTML table to a scrollable table with fixed table header and columns. Here you can try an example form with all the security validators in action. The test layer On this page I give the necessary code to find out where an element is on the page. Built by Kyle Fox. e: myCustomDialog. css( 'left' ) vs. position() method returns an object with 2 properties, top and left, which represent the top and left positions in pixels. jQuery UI is a curated set of user interface interactions, effects, widgets, and themes built on top of the jQuery JavaScript Library. jQuery UI Draggable - Auto-scroll: 9. jQuery Documentation. Whether you're building highly interactive web applications or you just need to add a date picker to a form control, jQuery UI is the perfect choice. Removing all the stuff about the offset, you can easily get the X, Y coordinates of the click relative to the browser window. bPopup is a lightweight jQuery modal popup plugin. To access a selector, use the jQuery symbol $, followed by parentheses. The Element. If not using CSS transitions, you may include plugins/jquery. This helps illustrate where you must place the markup for the pre-rendered popup widget in relation to the jQuery Mobile page on which it is to appears. The position() method is an inbuilt method in jQuery which is used to find the position of the first matched element relative to its parent element in the DOM tree. But as jQuery is built on top of JavaScript so you can use them with jQuery as well. This is a standalone jQuery plugin and has no dependencies on other jQuery UI components. If you use NPM, install the jquery-contextmenu and include it in your build process. Others mimic the way jQuery UI does sortables and therefore require ugly jquery-sortable. With some smart structure of the page's html, that can be avoided. It doesn't create or style your popup but provides you with all the logic like centering, modal overlay, events and more. jQuery code snippets to perform wonders with your mouse cursor! They can be used for setting and getting text cursor positions within input and textarea fields and selection ranges. The special event. parse() or $. In short, they calculate the absolute position of all elements and create a "faux grid" in memory, and generate a style sheet with the position of each row/column. When HTML element is passed, slimScroll defaults to offsetTop of this element. A list of great front end interview questions for HTML, CSS, JavaScript and JQuery. The 100% width and height refer to the viewport size, so we get complete coverage no matter what part of the page the visitor is actually viewing. I am creating custom div scroller and want to set top position of content div. For technical info, visit the API documentation. The position object defines various attributes of the tooltip position, including the element it is positioned in relation to, and when the position is adjusted within defined viewports. Download Backstretch Now link to a hosted copy on cdnjs. This is a basic page with a jQuery UI dialog shown. In this article I will show you how to implement a jQuery tooltip in your ASP. The position() method is an inbuilt method in jQuery which is used to find the position of the first matched element relative to its parent element in the DOM tree. Get the current top/left coordinates of an element relative to the document. So in this post, letâ€™s see how to show/hide any HTML element based on the scroll position in the browser window using jQuery. Duis pretium, felis nec ornare posuere, leo erat ullamcorper nisl, a lacinia dolor urna vel quam!. It also doesn't show how to get the mouse position as you move your mouse over an element. Image support Optional: imagesLoaded plugin. Learning jQuery Fourth Edition Karl Swedberg and Jonathan Chaffer jQuery in Action Bear Bibeault, Yehuda Katz, and Aurelio De Rosa jQuery Succinctly Cody Lindley. jQuery UI Position : Change the collision function, nyroBlog. Here's an example of how to find the position of the Lower Div : set div position jquery title >. Tip: When the scrollbar is on the far left side, the position is 0. It is only applicable for the visible elements. fix to normalize the event object. Calculate the position of an element relative to another element or event. position() method allows you to position an element relative to the window, document, another element, or the cursor/mouse, without worrying about offset parents. Shows how to make jquery ui droppable revert position. If you are not using jQuery's normalized events but still have access to the jQuery, you can use jQuery. It has also functionality to handle collision within the viewport of a given container. Read the blog entries for Beta 1 and Beta 2 for more information and examples. This version (0. Setting up the JQuery UI Dialog Parameters. JQuery CSS position() Method. I have a hidden DIV which contains a toolbar-like menu. The scrollTop() method sets or returns the vertical scrollbar position for the selected elements. In this example, the dialog box will appear by sliding from the left side of the page (slide effect) and will disappear by enlarging and reducing its opacity (puff effect):. One of my colleagues recently asked me the right way to find the position of an element on the page using jQuery. Most jQuery selectors are the same as what you're familiar with in CSS, with a few jQuery-specific additions. Every now and then I look at using background-position-x and background-position-y but can never seem to find a definitive and up-to-date resource. attr() instead of. I hacked it by creating an extra parent element,. It uses OpenLayer as map view and uses Google geocoding services to look for the address and elevation of selected point. The 100% width and height refer to the viewport size, so we get complete coverage no matter what part of the page the visitor is actually viewing. For an item to be included in the result the filter function should return true for it. This method returns the object with two properties: top and left position in pixels. jQuery UI Draggable - Events: 6. data-position-to: origin | window | selector - "origin" indicates that the popup is to be centered over the link that opens it. Note that the matched elements (#navigation in the first example) must be preserved in the DOM. You can easily find the position of an element relative to the offset parent using the jQuery position() method. jQuery function to get coordinates of element. We see this effect a lot these days, a good example I can think of is Disqus For Websites. js) allows the standard jQuery animate function to be applied to several of the SVG attributes. The test layer On this page I give the necessary code to find out where an element is on the page. Hi nicksoft, nicksoft i have jquery dialog which i wants to display at left bottom corner of image and i am using. Scroll down to see it in action. This is a standalone jQuery plugin and has no dependencies on other jQuery UI components. position() method from jQuery core in a way that lets you describe how you want to position an element the same way you would naturally describe it to another person. For more detail see the documentation reference page. The next step is to implement the Alert popup. JQuery Position() Method.


text:
Demystifying the Quota Share Treaty: Meaning, Mechanics, and Illustrations
Explore what a quota share treaty is, how it functions, and find illustrative examples to understand its application in reinsurance.
A quota share treaty is a type of reinsurance arrangement where the ceding insurance company transfers a specified percentage of each policy it underwrites to the reinsurer. This percentage, also known as the quota share percentage, is predetermined in the reinsurance agreement. Let's demystify the quota share treaty by explaining its meaning, mechanics, and providing some illustrations:
1. Meaning:A quota share treaty, often referred to as a quota share reinsurance or simply a quota share, is a reinsurance agreement where the ceding insurance company agrees to cede a fixed percentage of its risk and premiums from each policy it writes to the reinsurer. This type of reinsurance helps the ceding company reduce its risk exposure and manage its capacity by spreading the risk across the reinsurer.
2. Mechanics:The mechanics of a quota share treaty involve several key elements:
Quota Share Percentage: The agreement specifies the percentage of each policy that the ceding insurer will transfer to the reinsurer. For example, if the quota share percentage is 20%, the reinsurer will assume 20% of the risk and premiums for each policy.
Coverage Types: Quota shares can be applied to specific lines of business or to the entire book of business. For example, an insurer might have a separate quota share for property, liability, and other types of insurance.
Premium and Claims Sharing: The premiums and claims associated with the ceded portion are shared according to the specified percentage. If a policy generates $1,000 in premium, and the quota share percentage is 30%, the reinsurer would receive $300 in premium income. In the event of a claim, the reinsurer would pay 30% of the claim amount.
Consistency: Quota share treaties are typically ongoing, long-term agreements with a consistent percentage applied to all eligible policies under the treaty.
3. Illustrations:Here are some illustrations of how a quota share treaty works:
Insurance Company A: Insurance Company A writes a policy with a premium of $2,000 and a quota share percentage of 25%. Under the quota share treaty, they cede 25% of the policy to Reinsurer B.
Premium Sharing: Insurance Company A retains 75% of the premium ($1,500), while Reinsurer B receives 25% of the premium ($500).
Claims Sharing: If a covered loss occurs, Insurance Company A pays 75% of the claim, and Reinsurer B pays 25% of the claim amount.
Risk Reduction: Insurance Company A reduces its exposure to any single policy by spreading the risk with Reinsurer B, helping it manage its capacity and financial stability.
Profit and Loss Sharing: Under a quota share, both the insurer and reinsurer share in the profits and losses in proportion to the quota share percentage. If claims are lower than expected, both parties benefit. If claims are higher, both parties share the burden.
Consistency: Quota share treaties provide consistency in terms of the percentage ceded and are often used for a stable, long-term reinsurance relationship.
Quota share treaties are a fundamental component of the reinsurance industry, helping insurers manage risk, maintain financial stability, and access additional capacity to underwrite more policies. They are particularly suitable for insurers who want to reduce their exposure to large individual risks and achieve a consistent level of risk distribution.
Quota Share Treaty: Definition, How It Works, Examples.
A quota share treaty is a type of proportional reinsurance contract in which the insurer (ceding company) and the reinsurer agree to share premiums and losses according to a fixed percentage. This means that the reinsurer assumes a proportionate share of the risk associated with the insurer's policies, effectively spreading the risk and stabilizing the insurer's underwriting results.
How Quota Share Treaty Works:
Establishing the Quota Share Percentage: The insurer and reinsurer agree on a fixed percentage, typically ranging from 20% to 90%, representing the reinsurer's share of the premiums and losses.
Ceding Premiums and Risks: The insurer cedes a portion of the premiums and risks associated with its policies to the reinsurer based on the agreed-upon quota share percentage.
Reinsurer's Participation: The reinsurer receives its share of the premiums and is obligated to pay its share of the losses for the reinsured policies.
Claims Handling: The insurer typically handles claims administration for reinsured policies, but the reinsurer is involved in the process and ultimately responsible for its share of the claims payments.
Benefits of Quota Share Treaty:
Risk Diversification: The insurer can diversify its risk portfolio by transferring a portion of its underwriting risk to the reinsurer.
Capital Relief: The insurer can free up capital by ceding a portion of its liabilities to the reinsurer, allowing for increased underwriting capacity.
Stabilized Underwriting Results: The insurer's underwriting results become more predictable and less volatile due to the shared risk with the reinsurer.
Examples of Quota Share Treaty:
Property Insurance: An insurer cedes 50% of its property insurance portfolio to a reinsurer under a quota share treaty. The reinsurer receives 50% of the premiums and is responsible for 50% of the losses from covered property claims.
Casualty Insurance: An insurer cedes 30% of its casualty insurance portfolio to a reinsurer under a quota share treaty. The reinsurer receives 30% of the premiums and is responsible for 30% of the losses from covered casualty claims.
Health Insurance: An insurer cedes 40% of its health insurance portfolio to a reinsurer under a quota share treaty. The reinsurer receives 40% of the premiums and is responsible for 40% of the losses from covered health claims.
Quota share treaties are a common and effective form of reinsurance, particularly for insurers seeking to manage their risk exposure, stabilize underwriting results, and expand their underwriting capacity. By sharing premiums and losses with a reinsurer, insurers can achieve greater financial stability and enhance their ability to provide insurance coverage to their policyholders.


Do zero onset syllables in English start with a glottal stop?
asked 2015-09-02 10:34:46 -0500
MariaJoy gravatar image
My Arabic professor was explaining how there are no zero-onset syllables in Arabic because if they don't start with another consonant, they at least start with a glottal stop. He said we do the same thing in English -words like 'Alison' and 'Ian' and 'outside, etc. all start with a glott stop, but we aren't trained to hear it. Is this true?
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text:
Protecting the Rights of Older Australians from Abuse
I, Senator the Hon George Brandis QC, Attorney-General of Australia, having regard to:
- the principle that all Australians have rights, which do not diminish with age, to live dignified, self determined lives, free from exploitation, violence and abuse
- the principle that laws and legal frameworks should provide appropriate protections and safeguards for older Australians, while minimising interference with the rights and preferences of the person, and
- relevant international obligations relating to the rights of older people under United Nations human rights conventions to which Australia is a party.
REFER to the Australian Law Reform Commission (ALRC) for inquiry and report, pursuant to subsection 20(1) of the Australian Law Reform Commission Act 1996 (Cth), the consideration of:
- existing Commonwealth laws and frameworks which seek to safeguard and protect older persons from misuse or abuse by formal and informal carers, supporters, representatives and others. These should include, but not be limited to, regulation of:
- financial institutions
- social security
- living and care arrangements, and
- the interaction and relationship of these laws with state and territory laws.
Scope of the reference
In undertaking this reference, the ALRC should identify and model best-practice legal frameworks. The ALRC should also have regard to other inquiries and reviews that it considers relevant, including:
- the recommendations of ALRC Report 124, Equality, Capacity and Disability in Commonwealth Laws (2014)
- the recommendations of the Senate Standing Committee on Community Affairs report on violence, abuse and neglect against people with disability (2015), and
- the recommendations of the Commonwealth House of Representatives report, Older People and the Law (2007).
In conducting this inquiry, the ALRC should specifically consider best practice laws, as well as legal frameworks including, but not limited, to the National Disability Insurance Scheme and the Aged Care framework, which:
- promote and support older people's ability to participate equally in their community and access services and advice
- protect against misuse or advantage taken of informal and formal supporter or representative roles, including:
- formal appointment of supporters or representatives
- informal appointment of support and representative roles (eg family members)
- prevention of abuse
- mitigation of abuse
- reporting of abuse
- remedies for abuse
- penalties for abuse, and
- provide specific protections against elder abuse.
Collaboration and consultation
In undertaking this reference, the ALRC should identify and consult relevant stakeholders, including Commonwealth departments and agencies, state and territory governments, key non-government stakeholders, including advocacy and policy organisations and service providers, the Age Discrimination Commissioner and the Aged Care Complaints Commissioner.
The ALRC should provide its report to the Attorney-General by May 2017.


Straddle Injury/Genital Trauma
What Is a Straddle Injury or Genital Trauma?
A straddle injury/genital trauma occurs when a female hits the vulva or perineum (external female genitalia) on an object and the force generated by the weight of her body causes an injury. This can occur during a fall or accident.
The vulva includes the labia minora, labia majora and clitoris. The perineum is this space between the vaginal opening and the anus.
Most straddle injuries cause trauma to the vulva and perineum. Rarely are the hymen or vagina injured.
What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Straddle Injury?
Girls who have sustained a straddle injury typically report pain and may have bleeding, bruising or swelling. Young girls with a straddle injury or trauma to the genitalia may have pain with urination or difficulty urinating.
How Are Straddle Injuries Treated?
Treatment depends on the extent of the injury. It is important to get a good exam of the vulva, perineum and vagina. In most cases, this can be done while the patient is awake. However, there are some cases in which the patient may need to be sedated to do a thorough exam to determine the extent of the injury.
Many times a straddle injury does not require any surgical repair. The provider may recommend the following for aftercare/comfort:
 - Tub soaks in a bath of warm water
 - Over-the-counter pain medication
 - Ice packs
 - Estrogen cream applied to the vulva to help the skin heal
If there are cuts/injuries that need repaired, this can be done under sedation. The stitches will dissolve on their own.
The vulva and perineum typically heal very well and straddle injuries will likely have no long-term consequences.


(x) or equivalently G(x), in view of (94), is an absolutely continuous measure. A sufficient condition for G(x) to be absolutely continuous is the absolute integrability of g(t), that is \(\int _{-\infty }^{\infty } |g(t)| dt <\infty. \) Next, observe that g(t) is given by
$$\begin{array}{*{20}l} g(t)&= -\frac{ \phi_{p}(t)\phi_{p}^{\prime \prime}(t)-\left(\phi_{p}^{\prime}(t)\right)^{2}}{\phi^{2}_{p}(t)},\\ \phi_{p}^{\prime}(t)&=-t \mathbb{E} \left[ V_{G,p}^{2} \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}} \right], \, \phi_{p}^{\prime \prime}(t)= t^{2} \mathbb{E} \left[ V_{G,p}^{4} \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}}\right] - \mathbb{E} \left[ V^{2} \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}} \right]. \end{array} $$
Next, we give an upper bound on |g(t)| for large t. By the triangle inequality
$$\begin{array}{*{20}l} |g(t)| &\le \frac{ | \phi_{p}^{\prime \prime}(t) | }{\phi_{p}(t)} + \frac{\left(\phi_{p}^{\prime}(t)\right)^{2}}{\phi^{2}_{p}(t)} \\ &\le \frac{t^{2} \mathbb{E} \left[ V_{G,p}^{4} \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}}\right] + \mathbb{E} \left[ V_{G,p}^{2} \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}} \right]}{ \mathbb{E} \left[ \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}} \right]} + t^{2} \left(\frac{\mathbb{E} \left[ V_{G,p}^{2} \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}} \right]}{\mathbb{E} \left[ \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{V_{G,p}^{2} t^{2}}{2}} \right]} \right)^{2} \\ &= \frac{t^{2} \frac{A_{4}}{t^{p+5}} + \frac{A_{2}}{t^{p+3}} }{ \frac{A_{0}}{t^{p+1}}} + t^{2} \left(\frac{ \frac{A_{2}}{t^{p+3}}}{ \frac{A_{0}}{t^{p+1}}} \right)^{2} = O \left(\frac{1}{t^{2}} \right), \end{array} $$
(95)
where (95) follow from Proposition 11.
The bound in (95) implies that g(t) is absolutely integrable and G(x) and θ(x) have densities. Moreover, by the inversion formula for the cosine transform the density of G(x) and θ(x) are given by
$$ f_{G}(x) =\left(1+x^{2}\right) f_{\theta}(x)= \frac{2 }{2 \pi} \int_{0}^{\infty} - \left(\log \phi_{p}(t) \right)^{\prime \prime} \cos(tx) dt. $$
(96)
Next, by using integration by parts we have for x≠0
$$f_{G}(x) =- \frac{x }{ \pi} \int_{0}^{\infty} \left(\log \phi_{p}(t) \right)^{\prime} \sin(tx) dt, $$
where \( -\left (\log \phi _{p}(t) \right)^{\prime } \cos (tx) |_{0}^{\infty } =0\) follows from Proposition 11. For x=0 using (96) we have \(f_{G}(0)= - \frac {1}{\pi } \int _{0}^{\infty } \left (\log \phi _{p}(t) \right)^{\prime \prime } dt.\) This concludes the proof.
Appendix K: Proof of Theorem 6
Case of {(p,q):1<p=q}{(2,2)}
In this case, since p=q, we return to the proper definition of self-decomposability (Definition 8). From (Lukacs 1970, Theorem 5.11.1) we have that all distributions with self-decomposable characteristic functions are infinitely divisible. However, in Theorem 5 we have shown that GG distributions are not infinitely divisible for p(1,){2}. Therefore, for p(1,){2} the function ϕ(p,p,α)(t) is not a characteristic function.
Case of {(p,q):0≤p=q≤1}
In this case, since p=q, we return to the proper definition of self-decomposability (Definition 8). The proof of this case was outlined in (Bondesson 1992, p. 118) and it required the following definitions:
Definition 9
 1. 1
 (Extended Generalized Gamma Convolution (EGGC) (Bondesson 1992, p.105).) An EGGC is a distribution on \(\mathbb {R}\) such that the bilateral Laplace transform \(\psi (s)=\mathbb {E}[\mathrm {e}^{sX}], \, s\in \mathbb {C}\), defined at least for Re(s)=0, has the form
 $$ \psi(s)=\mathrm{e}^{bs+\frac{cs^{2}}{2} +\int \left(\log \left(\frac{t}{t-s} \right) -\frac{st}{1+t^{2}} \right) dU(t) }, $$
 (97)
 where \(b\in \mathbb {R}, c \ge 0\), and dU(t) is a non-negative measure on \(\mathbb {R} \setminus \{0 \}\) such that
 $$ \int \frac{1}{1+t^{2}} dU(t)<\infty, \text{ and} \int_{|t|\le 1} | \log\left(t^{2}\right)| dU(t)<\infty. $$
 (98)
 2. 2
 (\(\mathcal {\beta }\)-Class (Bondesson 1992, p. 73).) A pdf f of a non-negative random variable belongs to the \(\mathcal {\beta }\)-Class if f can be written as follows:
 $$ f(x)=C x^{\beta-1}\frac{h_


Enabling VRRP in the global configuration context
VRRP can be configured regardless of the global VRRP configuration status. However, enabling a VR and running VRRP requires enabling it in the global configuration context.
Syntax:
[no] router vrrpIPv4|IPv6 enable|disable
Enables or disables VRRP operation in the global configuration context. for IPv4, IP routing must be enabled before enabling VRRP on the router. For IPv6, IPv6 unicast-routing must be enabled before enabling VRRP on the router. Disabling global VRRP halts VRRP operation on the router, but does not affect the current VRRP configuration. Enabling or disabling VRRP generates an Event Log message.
Note: This command has been revised from the prior router vrrp enablecommand.
To display the current global VRRP configuration, use show vrrp config global.
Default: Disabled
Syntax:
[no] router vrrp traps
Enables or disables SNMP trap generation for the following events:
New master
Indicates that the sending router has transitioned to 'master' state.
Authentication Failure
Indicates that a VRRP packet has been received from a router whose authentication key or authentication type conflicts with this router's authentication key or authentication type.
NOTE:
This feature assumes the snmp-server host command has been used to configure a a trap receiver. If a VRRP packet is received with an authentication type other than 0 (zero, that is, no authentication), the packet is dropped.
Default: Enabled
Example
Enabling and displaying the global VRRP configuration
The following commands enable VRRP at the global configuration level and then display the current global VRRP configuration:
switch(config)# router vrrp
switch(config)# show vrrp config global
 VRRP Global Configuration Information
 VRRP Enabled : Yes
 Traps Enabled : Yes


text:
OTTAWA, April 19 /CNW Telbec/ - While the Canadian Cardiovascular Society
(CCS) gives provincial governments an "A" for meeting or exceeding the
benchmark for access to cardiac bypass surgery (CABG), it thinks that an "F"
is a fair grade for governments" failure to look at the "big picture" of
cardiac care that is provided to patients.
Dr. Blair O'Neill, Chair of the CCS Access to Care Working Group said,
"Adopting a benchmark for CABG is a good start. But the First Ministers
originally promised to address cardiac care, so the CCS developed
patient-centred benchmarks for cardiac care - which encompass a broad range of
services and procedures. This included benchmarks for referral to a specialist
upon a patient's first symptoms, right through to completion of rehabilitation
and return to a healthy and productive life. Yet, by choosing a surgical
procedure such as CABG, which is performed on only a limited population and is
no longer as common as procedures such as angioplasty, governments are not
making a meaningful and positive impact on wait times for Canadians - one in 3
of whom will die from heart disease. CABG is important but only one narrow
aspect of cardiac care."
"Also," added Dr. Chris Simpson, Co-Chair of the Working Group, "access
to CABG was already an "A" before the First Ministers adopted the benchmark,
so the bar was set pretty low to begin with. What we'd like to see is the full
spectrum of cardiac care benchmarks adopted by all provinces, and as part of
the pan-Canadian Heart Health Strategy that is currently under development."
The CCS looks forward to contributing to further dialogue on wait time
strategies for the cardiovascular health care of all Canadians. Please go to
_URL_ for a copy of the CCS's benchmarks and a commentary on wait times.
The CCS is the national voice for approximately 1600 cardiovascular
physicians and scientists. The CCS mission is to promote cardiovascular health
and care through knowledge translation (including dissemination of research
and encouragement of best practices); professional development; and leadership
in health policy.
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) is a member of the Wait Time
Alliance (WTA). The WTA was formed in 2005 by the Canadian Medical
Association, in response to the First Ministers' commitment to develop
benchmarks for medically-accepted wait times in 5 priority areas, including
cardiac care. Please see: _URL_ for more details about the WTA.
CCS Benchmarks for Access to Cardiovascular Care
The CCS has developed a comprehensive range of patient-centred and
evidence-based benchmarks. These benchmarks are published in the CCS report,
Universal Access, but When? Treating the Right Patient at the Right Time,
(see: _URL_). They were also published in the WTA's August 2005 report,
It's About Time!
The "Patient's Journey"
The CCS's benchmarks for access to care reflect the many steps that
patients take to receive cardiovascular health care services and procedures.
The patient's journey is about many steps -- not just one, (such as access to
cardiac bypass surgery). The patient journey begins with their first visit to
a primary health care provider, then to a specialist, then through many
additional steps including testing, procedures and surgery, and finally to
completion of rehabilitation and return to a healthy and productive life.
Unless all steps in a patient's care are addressed, optimal care cannot be
provided. For this reason, the CCS stresses that all of its benchmarks must be
adopted to truly have a meaningful impact on patients' access to
cardiovascular care. This is the "big picture" of cardiac care for patients.
The CCS believes that wait times for most, if not all other areas of
care, are also about the patient's journey, (and not just one procedure or
Cardiac bypass surgery (CABG), while potentially life-saving and very
important for some patients, is a procedure that is necessary for only a small
proportion of patients accessing cardiac care in Canada. Most patients require
other services. Angioplasty, for example, a procedure involving the opening of
an artery with a balloon via a catheter, is twice as common as CABG, and is
not addressed at all in the WTA report card. Addressing only the wait for CABG
(as governments have done) will not address the wait time to see a
cardiologist, or to have other required tests (such as a stress test, an
echocardiogram, a cardiac catheterization), or a therapeutic procedure for
other cardiac conditions.
The CCS is a partner in the development of the Canadian Heart Health
Strategy to fight cardiovascular disease in Canada. See: _URL_
For further information:
For further information: Louise Marcus, Director, Health Policy/Advocacy
Canadian Cardiovascular Society, (877)/_PHONE_, Cell: (613)

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Domotics (home automation) control systems are among the most innovative and rewarding design projects creative electrical engineers can undertake. Let's take a look at an innovative Beagle Board-based control system that enables a user to control lights with a 10.1˝ capacitive touchscreen.
The design features the following modules:
- An I/O board for testing purposes
- An LED strip board for controlling an RGB LED strip
- A relay board for switching 230-VAC devices
- An energy meter for measuring on/off (and also for logging)
ELektor editor and engineer Clemens Valens recently interviewed Koen van Dongen about the design. Van Dongen describes the system's electronics and then demonstrates how to use the touchscreen to control a light and LED strip.
As Valens explains suggests, it would be a worthwhile endeavor to incorporate a Wi-Fi connection to enable cellphone and tablet control. If you build such system, be sure to share it with our staff. Good luck!
CircuitCellar.com is an KCK Media website.


text:
Author tests directly in browser with FuncIt
Write, run, and debug tests in the browser.
Writing and debugging tests is super easy with FuncUnit. Just open a test page with your favorite browser and turn on the debugger.
Or, use FuncIT, the FuncUnit IDE, to record your actions and write test code for you!
Use familiar jQuery like syntax
Do you like short, terse, flexible tests? How about chaining?
FuncUnit's API is just like jQuery's. If you know jQuery, you already know FuncUnit's API.
Run in any browser or automate it with Selenium
FuncUnit supports all modern browsers. You can run your tests in IE 6+, FF 2+, Safari 4+, Opera 9+, Chrome, on PC, Mac, and Linux.
FuncUnit also allows your tests to be run with Selenium. That way You can have completely automated test suite.
- Functional Testing - Test complex behavior like drag-drop.
- High Fidelity - Create identical events that a mouse and keyboard create. Run tests in a real browser.
- Automated - Test multiple browsers from the command line.
- Easy to Write - Write, run, and debug tests in the browser, without configuring a server or other tool. Write tests in a familiar jQuery-style API.
- Free - It's open source! Save yourself $5,000 for similar solutions.
- Multi-system - Runs in IE 6+, FF 2+, Safari 4+, Opera 9+, Chrome, on PC, Mac, and Linux.
See an example
The following tests that an AutoSuggest returns 5 results.
See it in action! (Make sure you turn off your popup blocker!).
Read more in the documentation.


Malic acid
Malic acid
is a white, crystal powder with sour taste, that was found 1785 in apple juice. It is a chemical compound that occurs as left-turning L-malic acid and right-turning D-malic acid. In nature the L-malic acid occurs in unripe fruits to prevent to be eaten. During ripening malic acid is degraded. It is obtained by a chemical process from fumaric acid or maleic acid and is a mixture of D- and L-malic acid. The malic acid is soluble in water and in ethanol. The product results as an intermediate of the energy metabolism of every living cell. For humans it is one kg a day. The esters and salts are called malates.
Product details
CAS number:97-67-6; 636-61-3; 6915-15-7
Origin country: India, China, United States
Physical state:firm
Durability:2 years
Your contact
Furkan Budak
Phone.: +49 (0)157/76379937
Gerhard Schorsch
Phone.: +49 (0)157/76379887


text:
|Manual for the Use of Focus Groups (Methods for Social Research in Disease) (International Nutrition Foundation for Developing Countries - INFDC, 1993, 97 pages)|
|Part II: Staff training for focus group discussions|
A debrief is a meeting that is held after each focus group to discuss all aspects of the session. The debrief is a very useful activity to include in the focus group session. It is very tempting to limit the debrief sessions to a minimum, but it is extremely useful in evaluating the quality of the session, improving the skills of the team, checking the responses, and designing further question guides or changing question lines.
14.2 The field debrief
This is a very short meeting that is held immediately after the focus group while the team is still in the field. It should be conducted away from the site of the focus group. As people will be rather tired after the session, do not expect the team to be able to give more than 15 minutes concentration time to the field debrief. This meeting should only be used for clearing up any confusion that a team member thinks may be forgotten by the time the full debrief session is held.
14.3 The full focus group debrief
You may need two hours for the debriefing of each focus group, especially in the early part of a project. All team members should be present for this meeting. If you are using interpreters, it is especially important that they attend as they can provide a lot of guidance to the research team. They have often noticed things during the session that have not actually been recorded that may be of use. They can also clarify questions about responses that were recorded by the observer.
If tape recordings are to be transcribed, then they will not be available for the debriefing session. For this reason, you will need to rely on the notes taken by the observer. Use these notes to check whether the focus group discussions are providing you with the information that you require to meet the objectives.
It is quite useful to have a meeting agenda prepared so that you can go through the many aspects of the focus group discussions thoroughly. It is easy to forget all the different parts that need to be discussed, so if you are working with a list of things to cover, the meeting will be more productive. You should design your own agenda, but be sure to include specific points in the following main areas:
· Practical/logistical aspects of the focus group session (including equipment).
· Team skills and performance.
· Wording and comprehension of the questions.
· Information required by objectives being obtained.
· Cultural appropriateness of the session.
In larger projects where distances have to be travelled, a focus group session can take up a half day. In this case, it may be useful to have your focus group sessions in the afternoon and your debrief the following morning. Often if your team members are tired after a session, then holding the major debrief the same afternoon may not be wise. You do not want to rush the debrief as the information that the whole team can provide is very valuable, and may improve the standard of your focus groups quite a lot.


text:
Most blood collection agencies require a 56-day minimum interval between donations of whole blood to allow hemoglobin levels to return to normal. However, new insight from recent studies, including research published in Blood, suggest that the deferral should be lengthened to prevent iron deficiency. Researchers compared hemoglobin levels and iron parameters over 180 days in 24 new male donors and compared them to 25 regular male donors who have donated more than 10 times. Over the 180 day observation period, regular donors had lower levels of hemoglobin, ferritin and hepcidin, while erythropoietin and soluble transferrin receptor were higher compared to new donors. Although hemoglobin indices returned to normal by day 57, both groups of donors had low levels of ferritin at day 57 compared to pre-donation levels. Only 25% of new and 32% of regular donors had returned to baseline levels. After 180 days, all regular donors and 82% of new donors had reached baseline ferritin levels. The study authors suggest ferritin levels may be used to determine personalized donation intervals, or the donation interval should be increased to 180 days to avoid iron deficiency in all donors. More research is needed to confirm these results and investigate trends in female donors.
Schotten N, Pasker-de Jong PC, Moretti D, Zimmermann MB, Geurts-Moespot AJ, Swinkels DW, van Kraaij MG. The donation interval of 56 days requires extension to 180 days for whole blood donors to recover from changes in iron metabolism. Blood 2016;128: 2185-8.


text:
Preparation of Zeolite NaA Membranes on Macroporous Alumina Supports by Secondary Growth of Gel Layers
journal contributionposted on 09.04.2014, 00:00 by Jie Ma, Jia Shao, Zhengbao Wang, Yushan Yan
Zeolite NaA membranes are synthesized on tubular α-Al2O3 supports by the secondary growth of gel layers. The gel layer is prepared by wetting–rubbing hydrogel with a composition similar to the secondary synthesis solution xNa2O:2SiO2:Al2O3:150H2O. The hydrogel's good uniformity makes it easier to gain a uniform gel layer. Zeolite NaA membranes are characterized by SEM and pervaporation separation of a 90 wt % ethanol/water mixture at 75 °C. The effects of the pretreatment time, pretreatment temperature, gel loading, and Na2O/Al2O3 ratio of the hydrogel on properties of zeolite NaA membranes are investigated. It is found that zeolite NaA membranes with high separation factors up to 10 000 can be obtained by secondary growth of gel layers. The optimal pretreatment conditions of the hydrogel are as follows: pretreatment temperature, 50 °C; pretreatment time, ≥18 h; and gel loading, 0.6–0.9 mg/cm2. The optimal composition of the hydrogel is 2.2Na2O:2SiO2:Al2O3:150H2O, which is the same as the synthesis solution. Like crystal seeds, the gel layer improves the zeolite membrane formation on the support surface, and the role of the gel layer becomes more significant with greater amounts of crystals.


text:
Revision as of 14:00, 9 April 2008 by Ederchil
The names given in these Trees are only a selection from many. Most of them are either guests at Bilbo's Farewell Party, or their direct ancestors..... A few other names of persons concerned in the events recounted are also given. In addition some genealogical information is provided concerning Samwise the founder of the family of Gardner, later famous and influential.
The figures after the names are those of birth (and death where that is recorded). All dates are given according to the Shire-reckoning, calculated from the crossing of the Brandywine by the brothers Marcho and Blanco in the Year 1 of the Shire (Third Age 1601).
The Family Trees of Appendix C are:
- Baggins of Hobbiton
- Took of Great Smials
- Brandybuck of Buckland
- The Longfather-tree of Master Samwise
|The Lord of the Rings Appendices|
|Appendix A · Appendix B · Appendix C · Appendix D · Appendix E · Appendix F|


School History
In late 2008, Heather Fish began discussing the idea of founding a new martial arts school within her community of friends and martial artists. The founding members came together to create and support a new community where individual martial artists could not only train together, but actively support each other as they grew as a martial artists and as people.
Polaris Fellowship incorporated as a Michigan Nonprofit in 2009.
Polaris is named for the North Star. This symbolizes that as we study and learn together, we develop the tools which allow us to better find our individual paths. Polaris is deeply rooted in fellowship and the school actively works to build a supportive martial arts community for its members.
The school's symbol, the pole star, was designed by Scott Wilhelm.


The La Brea Tar Pits Are Full Of Bones
1 of 4
The La Brea Tar Pits Are Full Of Bones
Between 11,000 and 50,000 years ago, thousands of animals became trapped in natural asphalt in the area that is now Los Angeles. Many died of hunger, thirst, or exhaustion after days of being stuck; others were preyed upon by dire wolves or saber-toothed cats, which often became stuck as well. Dire wolves, saber-toothed cats, and coyotes are the three most common animals that scientists have found in the tar, but the bones of more than 200 vertebrate species in total have been recovered, as well as several plants and invertebrates. The discovery of new asphalt deposits means that the collections at the La Brea Tar Pits & Museum will only keep growing in the near future.
05:41
from SciFri
Key Facts to Know
 - 1
 Thousands of years ago, animals became caught in the natural asphalt of the La Brea Tar Pits, and eventually died from exhaustion, hunger, or predation. 0:40
 - 2
 Evidence of healed injuries on dire wolf skeletons suggest that the wolves ran in packs. 2:07
 - 3
 Marks left by flesh-eating beetles on bones found in tar pits can help scientists determine how long the bones were above the tar. 4:34
The Sedlec Ossuary Is Decorated With Human Skeletons
2 of 4
The Sedlec Ossuary Is Decorated With Human Skeletons
The Sedlec Ossuary is located beneath the Cemetery Church of All Saints in the Czech Republic. Its origin story is a long one, beginning with an abbot in 1278 who sprinkled dirt from the Holy Land over the Sedlec cemetery. This act prompted a huge influx of people who wanted to be laid to rest there. The cemetery's popularity, as well as factors such as wars and the Black Plague, caused an excess of bodies to be delivered and buried. Skeletons were exhumed and stacked over time in the chapel beneath the church. In 1870, a woodcarver named František Rint was hired to organize the skeletons, and he created the macabre designs that now make up the ossuary.
05:59
Key Facts to Know
 - 1
 The Sedlec Ossuary contains the remains of 40,000+ people, arranged into macabre decorations. 0:33
 - 2
 The chandelier at Sedlec Ossuary is said to contain at least one of every bone in the human body. 2:41
 - 3
 The coat of arms at Sedlec Ossuary features a raven made from human bones. 4:40
The Bones of the Hands and Feet
3 of 4
The Bones of the Hands and Feet
The bones in the fingers and toes are called phalanges. They're connected to the metacarpals in your hands, and the metatarsals in your feet. The wrist is made up of carpals, while the back of the foot is made up of tarsals. Just two of these tarsals—the calcaneus and the talus—bear most of the body's weight.
13:11
Key Facts to Know
 - 1
 Humans have endoskeletons, which allow us to grow larger and have greater mobility than animals with exoskeletons. 2:06
 - 2
 Andreas Vaselius is credited with introducing human dissection to medical studies, and would dismember corpses in front of his students. 5:10
 - 3
 Each year, 10% of your skeleton is broken down and rebuilt in a process called bone remodeling. 10:02
Why Don't Sharks Have Bones?
4 of 4
Why Don't Sharks Have Bones?
Sharks are completely boneless. Instead of bones, sharks have skeletons made up of cartilage. A cartilage skeleton has its advantages: it is flexible, durable and light, and also heals faster than bone. That said, once a shark is out of water, the cartilage skeleton works against them. They can easily be crushed by their own body weight on land -- because sharks lack rib cages, their weight isn't supported out of water, and their bodies would collapse over time.


text:
Import and work with GPS Track file data
To begin working with a GPS track file in Places view, you must first import the GPS track file into Aperture.
GPS track points are digital bread crumbs that are used to define a path or route ("track") using precise coordinates saved by a GPS device or GPS tracking iPhone app. If you have a GPS-enabled camera or iOS device or another GPS device that you use to create track files and save waypoints, you can import the track files into Aperture and work with them in Places view. Each leg and waypoint (digital bread crumb) is displayed in Places view, and you can assign the legs and waypoints to photos. Photos taken with a GPS-enabled camera or iOS device are automatically assigned locations corresponding to waypoints in the track file.
Import a GPS track file
In the Library inspector, select the project into which you want to import the track file, then click the Places button in the toolbar.
In Places view, choose Import GPS Track from the GPS pop-up menu.
In the dialog that appears, navigate to the location of the GPS track file, select it, then click Choose Track File.
The track file is imported into the selected project. The track file appears as a purple line on the map in Places view.
Create a new location based on a waypoint in a GPS track file
After you have imported the GPS track file into your Aperture project, you can begin working with the GPS track data to create new locations, assign locations to photos, and move location pins.
In the Library inspector, select a project with an imported GPS track file.
In the Browser, select a photo and drag it to a waypoint in Places view.
A small dialog appears at the bottom of Places view asking if you would like to assign location information to other photos in the project based on time.
Do one of the following:
To assign photo location information to other photos in the project based on time in the GPS track file: Click Assign Locations.
If you don't want to assign photo location information to other photos in the project: Click Done.
Assign location information from a GPS waypoint to a photo selection
In the Browser, select the photo or photos to which you want to assign location information.
In Places view, Control-click the waypoint whose location information you want to assign to the selected photos, then choose Assign Photos from the shortcut menu.
The waypoint's location information is assigned to the photo selection, and a location badge (a red pin) appears at the top of each selected photo in the Browser.
Moving location pins that correspond to waypoints in a GPS track file works the same way as moving other location pins. For more information about moving location pins, see Change photo locations.
Delete a GPS track file
You can delete a GPS track file at any time. For example, if you have several GPS track files on your computer and you aren't sure which locations they track, you can import the files individually to see if the track data corresponds to locations in your project. If a GPS track file contains track data that doesn't match locations in your project, you can delete it.
In Places view, choose Delete Selected Track from the GPS pop-up menu.


BroadcastStationData
BroadcastStationData[entity,property]
gives the value of the specified property for the broadcast station entity.
BroadcastStationData[{entity1,entity2,},property]
gives a list of property values for the specified broadcast station entities.
BroadcastStationData[entity,property,annotation]
gives the specified annotation associated with the given property.
DetailsDetails
 - BroadcastStationData[] gives a list of all broadcast station entities.
 - BroadcastStationData["Properties"] gives a list of available properties.
 - BroadcastStationData["SampleEntities"] gives a list of sample entities.
 - The specified entity in BroadcastStationData can be an Entity, EntityClass, entity canonical name, or list thereof.
 - The specified property can be an EntityProperty, EntityPropertyClass, property canonical name, or list of properties.
 - Properties that do not apply or are not known in a particular case are indicated by Missing[].
 - Properties include:
 - "AllPower"power
 "BroadcastingRange"approximate broadcasting area
 "Channel"channel
 "City"city
 "Coordinates"coordinates
 "Country"country
 "DaytimePower"daytime power
 "Directionality"directionality
 "DomesticStationClass"domestic station class
 "EffectiveRadiatedPower"effective radiated power
 "EffectiveRadiatedPowerHorizontallyPolarized"effective radiated power horizontally polarized
 "EffectiveRadiatedPowerVerticallyPolarized"effective radiated power vertically polarized
 "FMStationClass"FM station class
 "Frequency"frequency
 "FrequencyAllocation"electromagnetic frequency range
 "FrequencyPrimaryUse"frequency allocation for United States (ITU region 2)
 "HeightAboveAverageTerrain"height above average terrain
 "HeightAboveAverageTerrainHorizontallyPolarized"height above average terrain horizontally polarized
 "HeightAboveAverageTerrainVerticallyPolarized"height above average terrain vertically polarized
 "HeightAboveGroundLevel"height above ground level
 "HeightAboveMeanSeaLevel"height above mean sea level
 "HeightAboveMeanSeaLevelHorizontallyPolarized"height above mean sea level horizontally polarized
 "HeightAboveMeanSeaLevelVerticallyPolarized"height above mean sea level vertically polarized
 "HoursOfOperation"hours of operation
 "Licensee"licensee
 "Licenser"licenser
 "Name"entity
 "NighttimePower"nighttime power
 "Polarization"polarization
 "Power"power
 "Service"service
 "StationClassification"FCC classification
 "TelevisionChannel"channel
 "TVZone"TV zone
ExamplesExamplesopen allclose all
Basic Examples (5)Basic Examples (5)
Use Ctrl+Equal for entity discovery:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
Find the position of a broadcast station:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
Get a list of sample entities for broadcast stations:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
Get a list of sample classes for broadcast stations:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
Find the number of broadcast stations in a given class:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
In[2]:=
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Out[2]=
Introduced in 2014
(10.0)


text:
To many Newfoundlanders and Labradorians, Government House is an imposing grey-stone building in downtown St. John's, and the home of Their Honours the Honourable John C. Crosbie, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador and Her Honour Jane Furneaux Crosbie.
Many people may not know about the vegetable gardens behind the residence, and what happens to the food that's grown there.
The Government House Garden in 2012. Pictures will be added as the gardening season unfolds.
The Government House Vegetable Garden Project
by Jackson McLean
Initiated in 2010 by a collective of dedicated volunteers, including Her Honour Jane Furneaux Crosbie, the Government House Vegetable Garden Project is a unique opportunity for high school and junior high youth to learn the basics of food production. A 50 foot by 60 foot plot of 42-raised beds has been cut on the beautiful Government House grounds to accommodate weekly volunteer sessions that run from May to October and include soil preparation, planting, weeding, harvesting, and everything in between.
An additional plot was cut in 2011 and the new soil was used to grow an abundance of potatoes, turnip, corn, and squash.
As the vegetables grow, so does the young person's understanding of the delicate relationship between humans and nature, and the crucial steps that precede supermarket freshness. Issues of food preservation and security are addressed in workshops with guest facilitators from local organizations such as Food Education and Action St. John's (FEASt). Most of the produce is donated to the local food sharing organization: Bridges to Hope.
The success of the program has allowed it to expand and flourish, thereby providing more opportunities for young people to engage in a meaningful volunteer experience that will forever change the way they think about food. Current partners of this project involve Gonzaga High School, Macdonald Drive, and the Duke of Edinburgh Program. If you would like to learn more, please contact _EMAIL_.
Government House Garden 2010
Government House Garden 2011


Background Bumble is a self-declared "feminist" dating app that gives women control over initiating conversations with potential matches. Analysis Through a material-semiotic analysis of Bumble's software and online media about the app, this article critically investigates how gender, sex, and sexuality are produced and given meaning by Bumble's programmed infrastructure.
Conclusions and implications Since the epistemological underpinnings of Bumble's design centre gender as the solitary axis of oppression, the authors argue that the app's infrastructure generates an ontological relationship between gender, sex, and sexuality that narrows the capacity to achieve its creators' stated social justice objectives. Several infrastructural failures are detailed to demonstrate how control and safety are 1) optimized for straight cisgender women, and 2) contingent on the inscription of an aggressive form of masculinity onto straight male bodies.
Computer science, Electronic culture (internet-based), Feminism/ gender, Sociotechnical, Technology
Canadian Journal of Communication
Communication & Media Studies
Bivens, R, & Hoque, A.S. (Anna Shah). (2018). Programming sex, gender, and sexuality: Infrastructural failures in the "feminist" dating app Bumble. Canadian Journal of Communication, 43(3), 441–459. doi:10.22230/cjc.2019v44n3a3375


Mobility
Probability Interval Partitioning Entropy Codes
Date Added: Jun 2010
Format: PDF
A novel approach to entropy coding is described that provides the coding efficiency and simple probability modeling capability of arithmetic coding at the complexity level of Huffman coding. The key element of the proposed approach is given by a partitioning of the unit interval into a small set of disjoint probability intervals for pipelining the coding process along the probability estimates of binary random variables. According to this partitioning, an input sequence of discrete source symbols with arbitrary alphabet sizes is mapped to a sequence of binary symbols and each of the binary symbols is assigned to one particular probability interval.


Valves for abrasive materials
What's the Best Slide Gate or Diverter Valve for Handling Coal, Frac Sand, and Fly Ash?
Many of our customers come from industries where conveying abrasive material is a recurring challenge. Configuring the right slide gates and diverter valves for those customers is a challenge in its own right. In this article, we'll take a look at some of the key factors that influence the decision of which slide gate or diverter valve works best for handling these abrasive materials.
Different Level of Material Hardness Cause Different Levels of Wear
Abrasion occurs where the metal components of a valve are worn down through friction as the material handled impacts those components. Prior to considering what type of gate or diverter is required, special consideration has to be given to the characteristics of the material and how it is being conveyed.
Minerals are categorized into a Mohs hardness scale. The scale characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals by how a harder material can scratch a softer material. Softer materials like talc have a hardness rating of 1, while harder materials like diamonds have a hardness rating of 10. When selecting metal valve components, it's best to select the proper construction materials that match the hardness of the material handled.
Material Shape Has an Impact on the Effects of Abrasion
The shape of the material being handled is another important consideration. Sand can have a Mohs hardness rating of 7. Sand exists in a variety of shapes. Some sand particles can be round while others can be angular. An angular particle will abrade valve components much faster than a rounded one.
How the material is handled is yet another consideration. For example, is the material being gravity fed through the valve or is the material being conveyed pneumatically through a conveying system at 3,000 feet per minute? Talc, one of the softest minerals, can eventually chisel its way through a substantial metal plate if given a small exit hole and considerable force behind it.
Hard Metal Wear Liners can Alleviate Component Breakdown
Utilizing hard metals or metal alloys for the wear areas is always a consideration. Valves may be manufactured incorporating abrasion resistant plates, chromium carbide overlays, or metals like Hastelloy® to reduce wear from abrasion. Diverters may be manufactured with replaceable wear liners that are constructed of the above-mentioned materials.
Replaceable Abrasion Resistant LinersOver time, worn liners may be replaced with new ones to extend the life cycle costs to the valves. In some instances, an added feature as simple as an interior rock box might be added to address abrasion and prolong valve life. A rock box is an area within the valve that is designed to trap a small amount of the material handled. Subsequent material traveling through the valve impacts on the trapped material as opposed to abrading a liner or plate. When cross contamination of the material is not an issue, this feature is extremely effective.
Manufacturing Experience with Abrasives is Critical
Companies that deal with abrasive products are cognizant of the fact that new equipment begins to wear out starting day one. Equipment installed in these environments needs to be continually maintained. Sourcing valves from an established supplier with the ability to provide support after the installation can help lift the burden of dealing with challenging applications. Their expertise can address the many factors experienced in a particular application and assure the purchase of the best slide gate or diverter valve for handling abrasive materials.


text:
You write the scale as "1:22,000.000" with a comma and a period. Do you mean "1:22,000,000" or "1:22,000"?
The scale in a map is 1:22,000.000. Two cities are distant from New York 4 and 6cm, respectively. If a road was built connecting the three cities, what would the minimum extention of this road?
In my opinion, the minimun extension would be 6cm x 22million, which out result in 132,000.000 centimeters or 1320 kilometers. But the book says the correct answer would be 220km. Could anyone explain to me what did I do wrong? Cheers
You seem to be right in saying that the shortest possible road to build between the cities, going from the information provided, is 1320 kilometres. I assume you're thinking along these lines:
The book authors seem to think that this is the shortest road to build, given the information:
If you haven't omitted any crucial information regarding the problem, I can only say that you're right and that the authors of the book are totally wrong. They have simply forgotten that city A can lie inbetween New York and city B. Also they seem to have problems converting between centimetres and kilometres.


Developmental characteristics of firesetters: Are recidivist offenders distinctive? [2018]
This study examined the prevalence of developmental disadvantage and the extent that disadvantage could differentiate between recidivist and one‐time firesetters in an Australian sample of firesetting offenders.
Variables pertaining to developmental experiences were collected from file data held by the Western Australian Department of Corrective Services pertaining to all offenders (n = 354) convicted of a firesetting offence between 2005 and 2010. Analyses of variance were conducted between recidivistic and one‐time firesetters to investigate which developmental factors were related to risk of recidivism.
Based on previous research, it was hypothesized that firesetters would have poor developmental experiences characterized by high rates of abuse, parental absence, early substance use and poor educational achievement. This hypothesis was partly supported. Multiple firesetters were much more likely to be victims of childhood sexual and physical abuse and be diagnosed with a learning disability.
Current theories of firesetting maintain that an impoverished developmental experience catalyses the development of psychological risk factors that precipitate and maintain firesetting behaviour. The high prevalence of developmental risk factors among this population lends evidence to this relationship.
These data suggest that physical and/or sexual abuse, the absence of a mother or father figure through childhood, problematic substance use, poor academic achievement and the presence of speech, learning and reading deficits are common among firesetters generally and the presence of childhood abuse and learning disability is a risk factor for repeat firesetting.
Ryan Bell, Rebekah Doley, Deborah Dawson
Legal and Criminological Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, September 2018


text:
It has been suggested that in the presence of astigmatism some individuals make cyclic changes in focus over the astigmatic interval to obtain better visual performance. The aim in the present study was to identify such cyclic accommodative behavior and to characterize the variability of the response in the presence of astigmatism. The dynamic accommodation response in the presence of induced astigmatism was recorded objectively with an infrared optometer in seven young adults. Astigmatism led directly to increased accommodative variability in certain individuals. In two of seven participants there was evidence for aperiodic cyclic accommodative responses between different portions of the astigmatic interval. However, the amplitude of these tracking responses was much smaller than the astigmatic interval.
- accomodation response
- vision sciences


Sortedit
Allows to add one or more sort on specific fields. Each sort can be reversed as well. The sort is defined on a per field level, with special field name for _score to sort by score.
{
 "sort" : [
 { "post_date" : {"order" : "asc"}},
 "user",
 { "name" : "desc" },
 { "age" : "desc" },
 "_score"
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
Sort Valuesedit
The sort values for each document returned are also returned as part of the response.
Sort Orderedit
The order option can have the following values:
asc
Sort in ascending order
desc
Sort in descending order
The order defaults to desc when sorting on the _score, and defaults to asc when sorting on anything else.
Sort mode optionedit
Elasticsearch supports sorting by array or multi-valued fields. The mode option controls what array value is picked for sorting the document it belongs to. The mode option can have the following values:
min
Pick the lowest value.
max
Pick the highest value.
sum
Use the sum of all values as sort value. Only applicable for number based array fields.
avg
Use the average of all values as sort value. Only applicable for number based array fields.
Sort mode example usageedit
In the example below the field price has multiple prices per document. In this case the result hits will be sort by price ascending based on the average price per document.
curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_search' -d '{
 "query" : {
 ...
 },
 "sort" : [
 {"price" : {"order" : "asc", "mode" : "avg"}}
 ]
}'
Sorting within nested objects.edit
Elasticsearch also supports sorting by fields that are inside one or more nested objects. The sorting by nested field support has the following parameters on top of the already existing sort options:
nested_path
Defines the on what nested object to sort. The actual sort field must be a direct field inside this nested object. The default is to use the most immediate inherited nested object from the sort field.
nested_filter
A filter the inner objects inside the nested path should match with in order for its field values to be taken into account by sorting. Common case is to repeat the query / filter inside the nested filter or query. By default no nested_filter is active.
Nested sorting exampleedit
In the below example offer is a field of type nested. Because offer is the closest inherited nested field, it is picked as nested_path. Only the inner objects that have color blue will participate in sorting.
curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_search' -d '{
 "query" : {
 ...
 },
 "sort" : [
 {
 "offer.price" : {
 "mode" : "avg",
 "order" : "asc",
 "nested_filter" : {
 "term" : { "offer.color" : "blue" }
 }
 }
 }
 ]
}'
Nested sorting is also supported when sorting by scripts and sorting by geo distance.
Missing Valuesedit
The missing parameter specifies how docs which are missing the field should be treated: The missing value can be set to _last, _first, or a custom value (that will be used for missing docs as the sort value). For example:
{
 "sort" : [
 { "price" : {"missing" : "_last"} },
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
If a nested inner object doesn't match with the nested_filter then a missing value is used.
Ignoring Unmapped Fieldsedit
[1.4.0.Beta1] Added in 1.4.0.Beta1. Before 1.4.0 there was the ignore_unmapped boolean parameter, which was not enough information to decide on the sort values to emit, and didn't work for cross-index search. It is still supported but users are encouraged to migrate to the new unmapped_type instead.
By default, the search request will fail if there is no mapping associated with a field. The unmapped_type option allows to ignore fields that have no mapping and not sort by them. The value of this parameter is used to determine what sort values to emit. Here is an example of how it can be used:
{
 "sort" : [
 { "price" : {"unmapped_type" : "long"} },
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
If any of the indices that are queried doesn't have a mapping for price then Elasticsearch will handle it as if there was a mapping of type long, with all documents in this index having no value for this field.
Geo Distance Sortingedit
Allow to sort by _geo_distance. Here is an example:
{
 "sort" : [
 {
 "_geo_distance" : {
 "pin.location" : [-70, 40],
 "order" : "asc",
 "unit" : "km",
 "mode" : "min",
 "distance_type" : "sloppy_arc"
 }
 }
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
distance_type
How to compute the distance. Can either be sloppy_arc (default), arc (slighly more precise but significantly slower) or plane (faster, but inaccurate on long distances and close to the poles).
Note: the geo distance sorting supports sort_mode options: min, max and avg.
The following formats are supported in providing the coordinates:
Lat Lon as Propertiesedit
{
 "sort" : [
 {
 "_geo_distance" : {
 "pin.location" : {
 "lat" : 40,
 "lon" : -70
 },
 "order" : "asc",
 "unit" : "km"
 }
 }
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
Lat Lon as Stringedit
Format in lat,lon.
{
 "sort" : [
 {
 "_geo_distance" : {
 "pin.location" : "-70,40",
 "order" : "asc",
 "unit" : "km"
 }
 }
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
Geohashedit
{
 "sort" : [
 {
 "_geo_distance" : {
 "pin.location" : "drm3btev3e86",
 "order" : "asc",
 "unit" : "km"
 }
 }
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
Lat Lon as Arrayedit
Format in [lon, lat], note, the order of lon/lat here in order to conform with GeoJSON.
{
 "sort" : [
 {
 "_geo_distance" : {
 "pin.location" : [-70, 40],
 "order" : "asc",
 "unit" : "km"
 }
 }
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
Multiple reference pointsedit
Added in 1.4.0.Beta1.
Multiple geo points can be passed as an array containing any geo_point format, for example
"pin.location" : [[-70, 40], [-71, 42]]
"pin.location" : [{"lat": -70, "lon": 40}, {"lat": -71, "lon": 42}]
and so forth.
The final distance for a document will then be min/max/avg (defined via mode) distance of all points contained in the document to all points given in the sort request.
Script Based Sortingedit
Allow to sort based on custom scripts, here is an example:
{
 "query" : {
 ....
 },
 "sort" : {
 "_script" : {
 "script" : "doc['field_name'].value * factor",
 "type" : "number",
 "params" : {
 "factor" : 1.1
 },
 "order" : "asc"
 }
 }
}
Note, it is recommended, for single custom based script based sorting, to use function_score query instead as sorting based on score is faster.
Track Scoresedit
When sorting on a field, scores are not computed. By setting track_scores to true, scores will still be computed and tracked.
{
 "track_scores": true,
 "sort" : [
 { "post_date" : {"reverse" : true} },
 { "name" : "desc" },
 { "age" : "desc" }
 ],
 "query" : {
 "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
 }
}
Memory Considerationsedit
When sorting, the relevant sorted field values are loaded into memory. This means that per shard, there


%0 Journal Article %T Compressive Sampling-Based Image Coding for Resource-Deficient Visual Communication %A Liu X. %A Zhai D. %A Zhou J. %A Zhang X. %A Zhao D. %A Gao W. %K Compressive Sensing %K Local Random Sampling %K Low Bit-rates Image Coding %K Multiple Description Coding %X
In this paper, a new compressive sampling-based image coding scheme is developed to achieve competitive coding efficiency at lower encoder computational complexity, while supporting error resilience. This technique is particularly suitable for visual communication with resource-deficient devices. At the encoder, compact image representation is produced, which is a polyphase down-sampled version of the input image; but the conventional low-pass filter prior to down-sampling is replaced by a local random binary convolution kernel. The pixels of the resulting down-sampled pre-filtered image are local random measurements and placed in the original spatial configuration. The advantages of the local random measurements are two folds: 1) preserve high-frequency image features that are otherwise discarded by low-pass filtering and 2) remain a conventional image and can therefore be coded by any standardized codec to remove the statistical redundancy of larger scales. Moreover, measurements generated by different kernels can be considered as the multiple descriptions of the original image and therefore the proposed scheme has the advantage of multiple description coding. At the decoder, a unified sparsity-based soft-decoding technique is developed to recover the original image from received measurements in a framework of compressive sensing. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is competitive compared with existing methods, with a unique strength of recovering fine details and sharp edges at low bit-rates.
%8 2016-06-01 %D 2016 %J IEEE Transactions on Image Processing %P 2844-2855 %V 25 %@ _PHONE_ %U _URL_ %W UM


text:
The Kingdom of Coreathea is a historical re-enactment group dedicated to family, friends, and all aspects of historical renaissance life during the years from _PHONE_. The Kingdom of Coreathea is committed to education of speech, weapons, garb creation, and period dance. We are equally excited about heraldry, daily Renaissance life, food, games, music and art for both adults and children of all ages. Mingling and playing, our members enjoy spending time with visitors from other lands in both their daily travels and at our Masquerade Ball. Our group welcomes new members that are interested in immersing themselves in history and making new friends while exploring the past.
The Kingdom of Coreathea participates in many forms of fine arts such as live theatre and renaissance style dancing which is all performed at the Age of Chivalry Las Vegas Faire.
The Kingdom of Coreathea participates in many forms of combat from swordplay to archery. All ages can participate in our various weaponry styles, and advance along the path of knighthood and chivalry.


text:
Understand includes a PERL API which allows you to directly query the Understand database. If you want to create your own report, or gather information in a manner that we didn't foresee in Understand, you can access the information yourself via the API. The API can be accessed in several different ways: most of the scripts are designed to be run from Understand's GUI on the currently opened database. They can also be run from the command line, and some plugins are designed to interact directly with Understand.
To run a script from inside of Understand, use Tools->Run a Command, configure any necessary parameters, and hit run. The resulting output can then be double-clicked to visit the referenced source.
Scripts can be run from the command line using uperl, a special PERL executable included in Understand's bin directory. To run a script from the command line, specify the script, the database and any options:
uperl scriptName.pl -db myproject.udb [Options]
So to run this same script from the command line, you could use the following command:
If you would rather access the Understand API from your own customized Perl installation, just add /bin/pc-win32/Perl/STI/Maintain to your Perl include path. On non-Windows systems, you will also need to create an STIHOME environment variable that points to the directory.
Plugins are special Perl scripts written specifically to interact with the Understand GUI. You can quickly tell them apart by the file extension: regular scripts use.pl while plugin scripts use.upl. Plugins give you the power to interact with specific entities inside of Understand, for example you can right click on an entity and run a custom (interactive) report on it, or generate your own graph.
Plugins are installed by placing them in the appropriate folder. Once installed they will show up in the context menu or in the main menu depending on the type of plugin.
Several of the graphs included in Understand are actually plugin scripts as well, including the control flow graph and the butterfly graph. They can be customized, or used as a starting point for creating your own graphs.
The documentation includes some samples. More detailed example scripts are shipped with Understand in the SciTools/scripts/perl folder.


text:
Fripps History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
- Origins Available:
Early Origins of the Fripps family
The surname Fripps was first found in Kent where they held a family seat from very ancient times, before the Norman Conquest in 1066.
Early History of the Fripps family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Fripps research. Another 118 words (8 lines of text) covering the years 1296, 1612 and 1562 are included under the topic Early Fripps History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Fripps Spelling Variations
Spelling variations of this family name include: Tripp, Trippe, Trip, Trypp, Tryppe, Trype, Tripe and many more.
Early Notables of the Fripps family (pre 1700)
Another 27 words (2 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Fripps Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Fripps family
Some of the first settlers of this family name or some of its variants were: John Tripp of Northumberland, who came to Newport or Portsmouth, Rhode Island in 1630; Mathew Trip arrived in America in 1709; Thomas Trip settled in Georgia in 1734.
Related Stories +


systems and knowledge-based acquisition techniques to the geologic analysis of sedimentary basins and petroleum exploration plays. This paper describes a unique approach to the design and application of a rule-based expert system to the analysis of exploration plays, a methodology commonly used to assess petroleum resources in a basin. This technique consists of using various geologic models and Monte Carlo simulation or probabilistic methods for analyzing geologic and reservoir conditions favorable to the occurrence of petroleum resources. Work is in progress to adapt the geologic model used in the play analysis to an expert-systems and knowledge base, the object being to capture the logic and reasoning used to characterize the geologic model and to evaluate the play. Expert systems techniques now being developed are capable of dealing with inexact reasoning or reasoning under uncertainty by incorporating degrees of uncertainty to deal effectively with incomplete, inferred, or interpretive data involved in the knowledge base. The goal of this study is to provide an embedded diagnostic expert-system approach for characterizing the geologic model to expand upon the play-analysis system. Such a system provides the geologist with capabilities to document major basin components, such as stratigraphy, structural geology, and sedimentation, and to analyze the traditional concepts of source, reservoir, and trapping mechanisms. This expert system will assist the geologist in compiling and interpreting the geologic and reservoir engineering data necessary for running the probabilistic methods to calculate the amount of probable petroleum resources within each play. Diagnostic expert-systems technology can provide challenging new tools in knowledge acquisition and data interpretation in petroleum geology.


Minolta's Early 35mm Rangefinders Gave Leica a Run For Its Money
The second model of the Minolta-35, launched in 1953.
All Photos © John Wade
But go back to the 1940s/1950s and you'll discover a prestigious range of Minolta 35mm rangefinder cameras that rivaled and, some would argue, bettered the Leicas of the time.
Quick pause for an explanation for those unfamiliar with rangefinder cameras. The term refers to a model whose viewfinder, or sometimes a separate eyepiece, incorporates a system of mirrors that interact as the lens is focused to identify the correct camera-to-subject distance, as an aid to accurate focusing in non-reflex cameras.
It was Leitz that popularized the style in a 35mm camera with the introduction of the Leica II in 1932. However, by 1947, when the first Minolta-35 camera was launched, the Leica IIIf was on the market.
Side by side, the first version of the Minolta-35 Model II and the Leica IIIf.
Model I And Model II
There were two basic models of the Minolta-35 rangefinder, and some variations within them. Apart from minor cosmetic changes, the variations in the Minolta Model I camera chiefly concerned the image size. Leica had previously set a standard of 24x36mm, which was followed by most 35mm camera manufacturers. But the Model I, progressing through six variations, began with a 24x32mm image, moved to 24x33mm and then on to 24x34mm. The company eventually adopted the more traditional 24x36mm format with the launch of the Model II in 1953, of which there were two versions with very minor cosmetic variations.
We are going to compare the first version of the Model II with its contemporary, the Leica IIIf. There were some manufacturers who unashamedly made complete Leica copies. The Minolta-35 was not a Leica copy as such, but it did show strong influences from its German rival.
The Minolta (above) and Leica (below) exhibit very similar top plates.
Minolta Vs. Leica
At 5.25 inches, the Minolta was the same length as the Leica, but stood a quarter of an inch higher. Comparing the top plates of the two cameras, you can see the obvious influences: film wind knobs, shutter releases, shutter speed dials, rangefinder housings, and rewind knobs were all in similar positions. The Minolta's shutter release, however, was raised slightly above the wind knob and speed dial on either side, making the camera easier to use than the Leica, whose release button fell below the height of the other controls.
The Leica won out on its top shutter speed of 1/1000 sec, against the Minolta's 1/500 sec. On both cameras, speeds from the fastest to the slowest practical for hand holding the camera were set on the top plate dial. Then,with that dial at its slowest setting, another knob on the front of the body was used to set slower speeds down to one full second.
On each camera, the speed dial revolved as the film was wound, and the speeds could not be accurately set until the film was fully wound and the dial reached its maximum rotation.
Film loading from the rear was easy with the Minolta, compared to the base loading of the Leica.
The Minolta beat the Leica in having a delayed action control right from the earliest model in 1947, which the Leica wouldn't see until a late version of the IIIf in 1954. The Minolta also had a longer rangefinder base (the distance between the two rangefinder windows), making it more accurate. The visual aspect of the rangefinder, which involved turning the focus control until two images coincided, was conveniently combined with the Minolta viewfinder; the Leica used separate windows for viewing and rangefinding.
The Leica had a collapsible lens that had to be pulled out at the end of a short tube before exposure, and if the photographer forgot to do that, the picture was ruined. The Minolta used a fixed lens that was always positioned ready for shooting.
The Minolta also beat the Leica for film loading. Right from the start, Leica had featured a system in which the film was threaded from the cassette to a take-up spool outside the camera, and then the two pushed up into the body by way of a removable base plate. The operation was fiddly at best and prone to problems if the film did not attach correctly to the take-up spool. By comparison, the Minolta simply used a back that swung open, which made loading the film far easier and much more conventional.
The Minolta with its 135mm telephoto lens and viewfinder fitted.
Identical Lens Mounts
Maybe the most important feature shared by the two cameras was the lens mounts, which were identical. The Minolta therefore accepted, and could be used with, then current Leica lenses, of which there was a large range, covering focal lengths from wide-angle to telephoto. The range of Rokkor lenses, made for the Minolta, was a lot more modest: 45mm f/2.8, 50mm f/2, 85mm f/2.8, 110mm f/5.6, and 135mm f/4.
When extra lenses were used on any rangefinder camera, they needed to be combined with separate accessory viewfinders. This was the case with both the Minolta and the Leica cameras. However, longer focal lengths, unavailable in Minolta's Rokkor range, were often likely to be used on the Leica with a Visoflex, an attachment that screwed into the body, incorporated an eye-level or waist-level viewfinder, and effectively turned the camera into a single lens reflex.
Using Leica lenses, the Visoflex could also be used on the Minolta, although, when screwed into place, it was fouled slightly by the delayed action lever and slow speed shutter dial. As this prevented the device from being screwed completely into the body it would have been okay for close-up work, but might have affected infinity focusing.
So who won out in the end—the German Leica, or the Japanese Minolta? The Minolta certainly won on price. In 1953, a Model II with an f/2.8 lens cost $150, against a Leica IIIf with an f/2 lens at $348. For some features and ease of use, the Minolta might also have had the edge. For lens range, the Leica won hands down. Then, there's the durability factor. Find a Leica IIIf today and there's a good chance the shutter is still working. A Minolta-35 with a working shutter today is a little less likely.
A Leica Visoflex with Leitz Telyt 20cm lens transforms the Minolta into a single lens reflex.
Expect to pay around $300 to $450 for a Minolta Model I, more for the earliest models, and $175 to $250 for a Model II.


Why We Can't Help Sticking Our Foot Out of Bed at Night
We've all experienced the grueling struggle to fall asleep, and interestingly enough, keeping your foot bare is what often helps solve the problem.
The mystery behind what makes us do this is the done that the ideal temperature for a good night's sleep is 18°C and our feet are a gateway to this perfect environment. We discovered this strange sleeping habit.
Helps regulate our body temperature
Why we can't help but stick our foot out of bed at night
Our feet are actually the perfect cooling mechanisms. according to a sleep expertthey contain a link between arteries and veins like no other part of our body, "which dilate at high temperatures, allowing more blood to reach the surface of the skin to cool it."
Why we can't help but stick our foot out of bed at night
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Also, the feet are hairless, so they stay cool at night. As a result, our body temperature is balanced and we can sleep comfortably.
Putting your foot out helps you fall asleep faster
Why we can't help but stick our foot out of bed at night
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To sleep, our body temperature needs to drop 1 to 2 degrees. That's why we struggle to stay awake when it gets too hot; our bodies fight against overheating.
That is why it is essential to stay cool at night, and taking one foot out of the blanket can be enough. The sooner you allow your body to cool down, the sooner you can fall into dreamland.
It is the most comfortable position if you need to sleep under a blanket
Why we can't help but stick our foot out of bed at night
There are several reasons why most of us cannot sleep without a blanket. But the common problem that we all experience is that it is too hot, so we find ourselves in a difficult situation.
Uncovering your feet is the perfect solution to this dilemma and helps us snuggle up under a blanket while keeping our bodies cool at night.
Do you stretch your feet while you sleep? Does it work when you're struggling to fall asleep?
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