text:
Regulatory decision making bodies who assess the environmental impacts arising from the implementation of a project often require the development of Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) in support of a planning or an environmental approval application. At SERS, our highly trained Environmental Consultants have the unique capability and expertise to devise both your EMP and to prepare and lodge all your necessary applications.
Typically, a developer or organisation can be required to demonstrate that their proposal will be managed in an environmentally responsible manner and in accordance with State and Federal Legislation. This is achieved through the completion of an Environmental Management Plan that identifies the important assets and the potential impacts of the development of the surrounding area. It also describes management techniques and outcomes to avoid or mitigate impacts and measure environmental performance. EMPs are always tailored to meet the proponents environmental approval requirements. The EMPs detail specifications and procedures covering site requirements, necessary licences and approvals.
A strong Environmental Management Plan will include vibration monitoring, noise monitoring, water testing, dust monitoring, among other environmental services.
With our established relationships with regulatory decision making bodies we can provide our clients with cost effective, timely and environmentally acceptable plans and approvals.
PERRY LAKES DUST MONITORING
SERS provided 3 x permanent PM10 dust monitoring stations to the site for the duration of all works to satisfy the client in their obligations to Landcorp and the Department…
TREASURY BUILDING VIBRATION MONITORING
SERS for various clients operating on the treasury building development have provided vibration monitoring stations across the site during various stages of development…
WATER MONITORING CASE STUDY
SERS was awarded a tender for the monitoring and reporting of groundwater conditions at Cummins Perth in order to comply with lease obligations from Perth Airport Authority…


text:
Fusion Science and Technology / Volume 4 / Number 2P2 / September 1983 / Pages 121-126
Tritium / _URL_.13182/FST83-A22855
Isotope separation by means of infrared-laser multiple-photon dissociation offers an efficient way to recover tritium from contaminated light or heavy water found in fission and fusion reactors. For tritium recovery from heavy water, chemical exchange of tritium into deuterated chloroform is followed by selective laser dissociation of tritiated chloroform and removal of the tritiated photoproduct, TCI. The single-step separation factor is at least 2700 and is probably greater than 5000. Here we present a description of the tritium recovery process, along with recent accomplishments in photochemical studies and engineering analysis of a recovery system.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Mathematica Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Mathematica. It's 100% free, no registration required.
It is possible to make a dotted ListPlot. For example:
x = Range[0, 1, 0.0001];
y = Sin[x];
ListPlot[Transpose[{x, y}], PlotRange -> All, Joined -> True, PlotStyle -> Dotted]
Dotted
Is it possible to modify the frequency (i.e., spacing) of dotting?
share|improve this question
4
See AbsoluteDashing – belisarius Jul 13 '12 at 15:09
2
Since Dotted is the same as Dashing[{0, Small}], you could replace Small with Medium or Large... – Ｊ. Ｍ. Jul 13 '12 at 15:12
2
Related: "Plotting with dotted lines, not dashed" (MathGroups). – Alexey Popkov Jul 13 '12 at 15:50
add comment
2 Answers
up vote 11 down vote accepted
It is indeed. As the documentation states, Dotted is equivalent to Dashing[{0, Small}]:
So for example
x = Range[0, 1, 0.0001];
y = Sin[x];
Table[ListPlot[Transpose[{x, y}], PlotRange -> All, Joined -> True,
 PlotStyle -> Dashing[{0, d}]], {d, 0.01, 0.1, 0.01}]
Mathematica graphics
share|improve this answer
add comment
x = Range[0, 2 Pi, 0.01];
y = Sin[x];
Framed@
 ListPlot[(Transpose[{x, y + #}]) & /@ #,
 PlotRange -> All,
 Joined -> True,
 PlotStyle -> (AbsoluteDashing[{#, 15 - #}] & /@ #),
 Axes -> {False, True}] &@{3, 8, 12}
enter image description here
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text:
Children with autism often struggle with "wh" questions like Who, What, Where, and Why. My son struggles with all of these, but I think his not being able to understand "why" is the most frustrating for both of us. There are books out there designed to teach children with autism to answer "wh" questions. My son's speech therapist uses the Buddy Bear books from Lingui Systems. They are kind of expensive so I decided to make my own versions of them.
My son's nick name is Monkey so the main character is a monkey and since it was written for him it addresses come common occurrences in our house, but it should still be of some use for others. The book addresses three "why" scenarios: "Why" Monkey wants an object, "Why" Monkey is wearing an item, and "Why" Monkey has a particular thing.
This is an interactive book. On the last two pages are images for you to cut out. You are to have the child apply the appropriate image to the story as you read it. I recommend laminating the story pages and cut outs and using velcro dots to attach the pieces to the story.
Printable Why Question Book for Children with Autism PDF
If you need this in another format let me know and I'll see what I can do.
- Monkey Books
- Special Needs

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Investment Casting Waxes: Different Wax Types
Manufacturers use a range of techniques to create complex parts and components. One of the oldest methods that is still used today is investment casting. This process involves creating the item out of wax and then building a ceramic shell around it. Once the shell is complete, the wax is melted out (called dewaxing) before the molten metal is poured into the ceramic shell. Once the metal solidifies, the ceramic shell is removed as the part is now created.
There are numerous waxes that can be selected. The type of wax used will be based on several factors including flow properties, whether the wax will be reclaimed and recycled, dimensional consistency, surface finish and the requirements of the application. Several waxes that you will often hear about are filled pattern wax, non-filled pattern wax, runner wax, water-soluble wax and sticky wax.
Filled Pattern Waxes
Filled pattern waxes are a type of investment casting wax that has fillers added. These fillers can provide certain properties to the casting to ensure strength, dimensional stability, lower thermal expansion and minimal shrinkage. The types of fillers that are found in filled pattern waxes will vary based on the supplier, yet some common fillers may include bisphenol-A (BPA), organic fillers, terephthalic acid, and cross-linked polystyrene.
Both small and large wax pattern productions can use filled pattern waxes. Two major advantages to these waxes are that they have low thermal expansion and minimal shrinkage. They don't require wax chills to be placed into the cavity of the patterns to prevent shrinkage as the wax solidifies.
This wax is often used when you are looking for more dimensional control of the created part or component and when using a wide range of injection temperatures. Due to the filler added, some wax may remain in the ceramic shell after the dewaxing process as it takes longer for the wax to be burnt out. Filler pattern waxes can be difficult to reclaim and recycle depending on the density of the filler material.
Non-filled Pattern Waxes
Non-filled, or unfilled, pattern wax blends contain less filler materials. This type of wax offers consistent mechanical performance and thermal performance. They are typically used for small and medium wax patterns when there are complex geometries and very defined patterns. Non-filled waxes have exceptional flow properties.
A main advantage to non-filled waxes is that they provide a high surface quality. So the ceramic mold will have fewer cracks and defects. It also completely dewaxes from the ceramic shell as it can be reclaimed and recycled.
Care must be taken when using non-filled waxes in investment casting processes. Due to a slower solidification, the surface of the pattern can sink. There may also be unwanted shrinkage along cross sections of the pattern depending on the wax temperature. Depending on the part configuration, the use of wax chills may be necessary with non-filled pattern waxes to avoid material shrinkage.
Runner wax blends are used by investment casting companies when desiring exceptional mechanical strength and lower viscosity. This type of wax has a lower melting point than pattern waxes. So it will drain completely out of the ceramic mold during the dewaxing process without the need to use higher temperatures.
Advantages to runner wax is that it has good soldering strength and minimum thermal expansion. The workers can handle the wax without worrying about the part breaking in the ceramic mold. The wax pattern will need to be immersed in water and stored there until it completely solidifies.
Some parts and components will require complex and intricate internal designs. So the wax pattern must have intricate cores placed inside. To create these cores, a water-soluble wax is used. Once the core is completed, it is placed into the wax pattern die and then the pattern wax is injected into the die. When the wax pattern is cooled, the water-soluble cores are dissolved inside by placing the pattern into a water and acid bath.
Sticky waxes are commonly used during mounting and finishing processes. These waxes help bond different pattern waxes together or when constructing a sprue assembly. The wax helps to create a strong adhesion with the parts so that they will stand up to being handled by workers when creating the ceramic shell.
Impro's Investment Casting Services
At Impro, we offer investment casting for a wide range of applications including automotive, medical, aerospace, and industrial equipment. When you are looking for an economical manufacturing process that is trusted, reliable and repeatable, investment casting can provide superior results. Contact us today for more information.


Automatic theory formation in graph theory
Hemerson PistoriJacques Wainer
This paper presents SCOT, a system for automatic theory construction in the domain of Graph Theory. Following on the footsteps of the programs ARE [9], HR [1] and Cyrano [6], concept discovery is modeled as search in a concept space. We propose a classification for discovery heuristics, which takes into account the main processes related to theory construction: concept construction, example production, example analysis, conjecture construction, and conjecture analysis.;pid=S0104-65001999000300003&lng=e
Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Computação - Contato:
 Mantida por:


text:
LG Chem has announced that, in collaboration with LX Hausys, it has developed a material that delays the thermal runaway of batteries and can withstand a flame of 1,500 degrees Celsius for more than 20 minutes.
14 times longer stability
The 1.6-millimeter-thin material, called "Special Flame Retardant Continuous Fiber Thermoplastic (Special Flame Retardant CFT)," is said to withstand strong flames and high pressure more than 14 times longer than existing thermoplastics. It combines the technology of LG Chem's super flame-retardant material with the manufacturing technology of "Continuous Fiber Thermoplastics (CFT)" from LX Hausys. This material, developed last year, had already been able to withstand flames with a temperature of more than 1,000 degrees for a period of more than ten minutes, which was currently a world record. LX Hausys now improved the performance of LG Chem's material by using a manufacturing technology in which the layers are applied in the form of a tape.
LG Chem, Ltd.: Material Delays Thermal Runaway Even at 1,500°C for 20 Minutes: LG Chem-LX Hausys, Making a Breakthrough in the Development of a Material that Delays Battery Thermal Runaway (finanznachrichten.de)


text:
June 1, 2011
Algal Turf Scrubbers Clean Water With Sunlight
Science Codex, Science Codex
An article published in the June issue of BioScience describes the early scale-up stage of a new biotechnology with environmental benefits and possible commercial potential. Algal turf scrubbers are field-sized, water-treatment systems that can extract excess nutrients from streams, canals, and lakes polluted by agricultural, domestic, and some industrial runoff. They use sunlight as their principal source of energy and simultaneously restore oxygen levels. The devices work by pulsing contaminated water across algae that are allowed to grow on screens. Algal turf scrubbers produce waste suitable for use as a nitrogenand phosphorus-rich fertilizer and for conversion to biofuel or high-value nutraceuticals. Some algal turf scrubbers can even operate in open water, thus...
TAGGED: water treatment, water, pollution, algae

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Scientists Say Egg Shells Remove Hex Chrome from Water
24. October 2011
Scientists in China have developed an absorbent material made from waste eggshell membrane that can remove hexavalent chromium from contaminated water.
Current methods for removal include reduction, ion exchange and absorption. Biosorption is a type of absorption that uses a material that is not man-made, usually some kind of waste material. But scientists Yuming Huang and Bin Liu from Southwest University, Chongqing, have designed a new biosorbent using eggshells.
"As the by-product of food processing and manufacturing plants,eggshells represent a significant waste because they are traditionally useless after the production of eggs and egg derivatives," says Huang. "Using this waste to produce useful biomaterial for removal of Cr6 from water may be a good choice and opens up a pathway to using biowaste to treat toxic metals from water.'
Most biosorbents contain amine groups that remove the heavy metals through chelating cationic metal ions and/or absorbing anionic metal species. Eggshell membrane contains many surface functional groups, including amines, amides and carboxylic groups. The team modified ESM with polyethyleneimine, which has known metal chelation properties, and they tested the resulting bioabsorbent for its ability to remove Cr6 from water. Huang found that not only did it remove Cr6 but it also reduced some of the Cr6 to Cr3, suggesting that PEI-ESM can also detoxify Cr(VI).
"An increasingly diverse range of waste and natural materials have been shown to function as biosorbents for the decontamination of metal bearing waters," says Stuart Gibb from the Environmental Research Institute of The University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK. Gibb says that there are some issues that need to be addressed, but he feels the work shows promise. "The PEI functionalisation of waste eggshell membrane produces a modified biosorbent of significant novelty and interest."


text:
External compression headache is an infrequently cited cranial neuralgia resulting from continued stimulation of the cutaneous nerves caused by the application of pressure over the forehead or scalp. The headache can result from wearing a tight band around the head, a tight hat, or sports goggles. They include a constant nonpulsating head pain felt in the area subjected to pressure that increases over minutes, is not associated with other symptoms, and often disappears within 1 hour after removing the causative stimulus.
If the causative stimulus is prolonged, external compression can lead to a more severe, migrainous headache or to a full-blown migraine attack in predisposed patients. This is a primary-type headache, not associated with organic cranial or intracranial disease, and thus does not require further investigation when the diagnostic criteria are fulfilled and the intermittent presentation is clear. The goal of this study was to evaluate headache in police officers subsequent to wearing helmets during ordinary patrolling assignments. The mechanism causing external compression headache in some patients and not in others remains unknown.


Friday Jan 29, 2010
Generating cluster names from a document clustering model
Text mining is a hot topic, especially for document clustering. Say you have a potentially large set of documents that you'd like to sort into some number of related groups. Sometimes it is enough to know which documents are in the same group (or cluster) and be able to assign new documents to the existing set of groups. However, you may also want a description of the clusters to help understand what types of documents are in those clusters. Automatically generating cluster names would be much easier than examining cluster centroids or reading a sample of documents in each cluster.
Oracle Data Mining supports this use case and below is a script that generates cluster names from a clustering model.
To use this script, you first need a clustering model and a text mapping table. These are easily produced using the Oracle Data Miner graphical user interface to automatically transform the data and then build the model. To get started, provide a data table with two columns: a numeric id column and a VARCHAR2 column containing the document text.
Here are a few key screen captures to guide you. I'm using a dataset from Oracle Open World that includes all the session text (title and abstract concatenated). By the way, this session document clustering was part of the process for producing the Session Recommendation Engine for Oracle Open World 2008 and 2009.
In Oracle Data Miner, start a build activity for clustering using k-Means. Then, select the dataset and the unique identifier, and click Next. (Click images to enlarge.)
ClusterNames 001.jpg
Check the SESSION_TEXT attributes as "input" and change the "mining type" to "text."
ClusterNames 002.jpg
Click advanced settings at the end of the wizard to reveal settings you can tailor. Since we have a single TEXT column, click on the tabs for "Outlier Treatment," "Missing Values," and "Normalize" and disable each step by clicking the box in the upper left-hand corner. Whereas these are often necessary for k-Means, our single text column and text transformation eliminate the need these.
Clicking the "Text" tab, you may specify various text-specific settings. For example, you may have a custom stopword list or lexer that you want to use, as shown below.
ClusterNames 003.jpg
Clicking the "Feature Extraction" sub-tab allows you to specify maximum number of terms to represent each document and the maximum number of terms to represent all documents.
ClusterNames 004.jpg
Click the "Build" tab to specify the number of clusters (groups) you want to have. For text, we recommend the "cosine" distance function. Depending on your needs, you may want to specify the split criterion to "size" to have clusters of more equal size. For a better model, set maximum interactions to 20.
ClusterNames 005.jpg
Oracle Data Miner now generates an activity that performs the text transformation and model building.
ClusterNames 006.jpg
To obtain the model name from the Build step, copy the text next to "Model Name." To obtain the mapping table, click the "Output Data" link under the Text step. Click the "Mapping Data" link and copy the name of the table at the top of the window.
ClusterNames 007.jpg
Now, you're nearly ready to invoke the following script to generate the cluster names.
Create a table like CLUSTER_NAME_MAP below to store the results. Then, replace the model name used below ('SESSION09_PRE92765_CL') with your model name, and the mapping table name used below (DM4J$VSESSION09_710479489) with your mapping table name.
create table cluster_name_map (model_name VARCHAR(40),
 cluster_name VARCHAR2(1999),
 cluster_id NUMBER,
 record_count NUMBER);

Run this script on your model and table. Look below to see some sample output from the Open World session data. (Note that some columns are included in the script below, even though not required, to highlight data available in the model.)
DECLARE
 CURSOR ClusterLeafIds IS
 --Obtain leaf clusters
 SELECT CLUSTER_ID, RECORD_COUNT
 FROM (
 SELECT distinct clus.ID AS CLUSTER_ID,
 clus.RECORD_COUNT RECORD_COUNT,
 clus.DISPERSION DISPERSION,
 clus.PARENT PARENT_CLUSTER_ID,
 clus.TREE_LEVEL TREE_LEVEL,
 CASE WHEN chl.id IS NULL THEN 'YES'
 ELSE 'NO' END IS_LEAF
 FROM (SELECT *
 FROM TABLE(dbms_data_mining.get_model_details_km('SESSION09_PRE92765_CL'))) clus,
 table(clus.child) chl
 )
 WHERE is_leaf='YES'
 ORDER BY cluster_id;
BEGIN
 FOR c IN ClusterLeafIds LOOP
 INSERT INTO cluster_name_map (model_name, cluster_name,
 cluster_id, record_count)
 SELECT 'SESSION09_PRE92765_CL' model_name, cluster_name,
 c.cluster_id cluster_id, c.record_count record_count
 FROM (
 SELECT id, term || '-' ||
 LEAD(term, 1) OVER (ORDER BY id) || '-' ||
 LEAD(term, 2) OVER (ORDER BY id) || '-' ||
 LEAD(term, 3) OVER (ORDER BY id) || '-' ||
 LEAD(term, 4) OVER (ORDER BY id) cluster_name
 FROM (
 SELECT id, text term, centroid_mean
 FROM (
 SELECT rownum id, a.*
 FROM (
 SELECT cd.attribute_subname term,
 cd.mean centroid_mean
 FROM (
 SELECT *
 FROM TABLE(dbms_data_mining.get_model_details_km('SESSION09_PRE92765_CL', c.cluster_id, null, 1, 0, 0, null)) ) a,
 TABLE(a.centroid) cd
 order by cd.mean desc) a
 WHERE rownum < 6) x,
 DM4J$VSESSION09_710479489 y
 WHERE x.term=y.attribute_id
 ORDER BY centroid_mean
 )
 )
 WHERE id=1;
 END LOOP;
END;

Each cluster name is the concatenation of the top 5 terms (words with the highest ranking centroid values) that represent the cluster. The the image below, the second column is the cluster id, and the third column is the count of documents assigned to that cluster.
ClusterNames 008.jpg
Cluster names can also be assigned to the model clusters directly in the model.
Assigning cluster names and the advanced SQL in the script will be covered in future blog posts.

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text:
Banana rots the fastest in both room temperature and refrigerator and the apple rots the slowest in room temperature and refrigerator. This means that the bananas don't last really long before they rot and the apple lasts along time before it rots. That will be Bananas and pears.
- 1 What fruit molds the fastest?
- 2 Why does a banana rot faster than an apple?
- 3 What fruit browns the fastest?
- 4 What causes fruit to rot faster?
- 5 How fast does a banana mold?
- 6 Why does a banana grow mold?
- 7 Why should you not put bananas with other fruit?
- 8 Can you ripen an apple?
- 9 Why do avocados ripen next to bananas?
- 10 What is the fastest rotting food?
- 11 What browns faster apple or banana?
- 12 Why do Granny Smith apples turn brown?
- 13 Why does fruit get moldy?
- 14 What causes an apple to rot?
- 15 What will happen if fruits are damaged?
What fruit molds the fastest?
What foods grow mold the fastest? Fruits/Vegetables As moisture allows bacteria to breed, juicier fruits and vegetables, such as peaches, plums, tomatoes and cucumbers, are more likely to get moldy quicker than are those with harder peels and rinds, such as bananas, apples, peppers and squash.
Why does a banana rot faster than an apple?
Bananas ripen faster than apples because they are more sensitive, as they have softer cellular tissues. This also speeds up ripening, which if allowed to continue for too long a period, they will rot.
What fruit browns the fastest?
Once exposed to oxygen, enzymes in the apple begin converting natural chemicals called polyphenols into 'melanin', an iron-containing compound that gives the flesh a brown, rusty colour. The reaction happens quickly, and so a sliced apple can start to turn brown in only a few minutes.
What causes fruit to rot faster?
Some of the primary culprits are air, moisture, light, temperature, and microbial growth. Most fruits and vegetables spoil easily because of damage caused by microorganisms. Microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast and molds need water and nutrients for growth, energy and reproduction.
How fast does a banana mold?
My original question was "Which Fruit does Mold Grow the Fastest on?" From my experiment I found out that the banana grows mold the fastest, with a time of 6-7 days, then the orange with a time of 7-9 days.
Why does a banana grow mold?
Because bananas are soft inside and out, they are susceptible to certain threats that make them unusable. Your bananas may also start to mold as they rot, so look for spores on the surface of the peel. Mold on a banana peel looks similar to the mold on bread, and if you see it, the bananas have to be thrown away.
Why should you not put bananas with other fruit?
There's a reason why you should keep apples or bananas separate from other fruit. These two — and others — produce large amounts of ethylene gas, the so-called "fruit ripening hormone." As they reach maturity, their ethylene levels increase, according to the University of Maine Extension.
Can you ripen an apple?
The bottom line: Apples don't ripen nor improve in quality at home after they're picked. You may have seen on another website that apples will ripen after being picked. This leads many consumers to the (false) belief that if they have unripe apples at home, they can let them ripen on the counter or in a cool place.
Why do avocados ripen next to bananas?
Many ripening fruit produce the hydrocarbon gas ethylene as they ripen, which itself triggers more ripening. Bananas are especially productive sources of the gas, and putting one that's in the process of going brown next to apples, pears or hard avocados will greatly speed up their ripening.
What is the fastest rotting food?
20 Foods That Spoil the Fastest
- Green Beans.
What browns faster apple or banana?
I was right that the apples turn brown faster because, when apples been cut open air rushes in to the apple to make it age after just about several minutes. Bananas on the other side doesn't turn brown that fast because it is less likely to age. 34min. 35min.
Why do Granny Smith apples turn brown?
When an apple is cut, enzymes (and iron in the apple) chemically react with oxygen. The fruit quickly begins to oxidize, and its flesh turns brown.
Why does fruit get moldy?
Mold often grows on fruit because the conditions are just right to culture the spores. Since fruit is moist, it is ground zero for harboring this microscopic fungi. Fruit provides the nutrients and moisture for mold to thrive. Mold spores, in this case, usually travel through the air and land on the fruit's surface.
What causes an apple to rot?
Apples turn brown because of a chemical reaction called "oxidation", which is caused by oxygen from the air. Oxygen is one of the most reactive chemicals known, and there are many kinds of oxidation reactions. The fridge does not stop chemical reactions, so bacteria will still rot the food eventually.
What will happen if fruits are damaged?
It also turns fruit and vegetables brown. When fruit tissue is damaged because of heat, cold, age or mechanical stress, its cells break open and the phenolic compounds and the enzyme are released and mix with oxygen in the air. As a result the damaged tissue turns brown almost immediately.


text:
According to the Canadian Dermatology Association, acne affects over 20% of adults between the ages of 20 and 40. When you're searching for natural skincare products to help clear up acne, there is no one magic solution that will forever clear up your acne, but we are confident that using glacial oceanic clay as part of your skincare routine can help.
Why are we so certain? At NENA, we are experts in glacial oceanic clay. We are dedicated to creating skincare that works to address your concerns, so we've taken the time to invest in research and studies to prove the natural benefits of glacial oceanic clay.
For example, we've had our glacial oceanic clay tested by a third-party lab in Canada, to verify the quality of our clay and these are the proven findings:
- Our clay produced a significant average reduction of 95% in skin surface sebum after application of Glacial Oceanic Clay on face.
Glacial Oceanic Clay has an immediate effect in reducing the appearance of pores, particularly dilated pores.
Research studies also show that:
- Glacial clay contains soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
- It increases collagen production by 70%. It has anti-aging benefits.
"I genuinely noticed a difference in my skin's texture and pore size after the first application. I followed up the mask with their moisturizing cream which was lightweight, absorbed quickly, and left my skin feeling smooth and hydrated." - @LauralHartman (via Instagram)
If that's not reason enough for you to try us out, what about reading these reviews from real customers who can testify that NENA Skincare is a tried, tested, and true solution for acne? With Thanksgiving just around the corner, we've compiled some of the most heartfelt reviews from our customers on how our natural NENA products have cleared up their acne and changed their skin.
Here's what our customers had to say after trying NENA Glacial Skincare for their acne concerns:
"I so wish I had found this product earlier for my acne prone skin. It's very gentle, calming and non drying. It works great in combination with the Clay Mask. I noticed results within a few days of use. My skin is very thankful and so am I!" - Samira via Amazon on NENA's Cleansing Cream (July 18, 2019)
"All my life I struggled with acne. I purchased so many products to try and clear it up and my skincare routine was getting out of control and expensive and not making a difference. It was so frustrating. I finally ended up researching products on EWG's site and cross referencing them with a skincare database that shows which ingredients will cause acne. It's surprising how many products marketed for skin are actually not that great for you. This was one of the few brands that had a low rating on EWG and also did not contain any breakout-causing ingredients." - Snippy via Amazon (June 9, 2019)
"This moisturizer is light-weight, goes on smooth, absorbs well and doesn't break me out. I love this stuff!" - Claire G via Amazon on NENA's Moisturizer (July 24, 2019)
"I have used Nena skincare line for a week and a half now. I have had troubled skin for years, trying many different skincare lines, with no luck. in three days of using Nena skin care, my skin and issues began to heal. my skin has never been this healthy and happy!!" - Coral T. via Facebook
Glacial Clay has natural detoxifying properties that draw impurities out as the mask dries. We love getting the gunk out of your pores:
"Gentle, but cleansing. Loved what this did to empty my pores. I had my sister with psoriasis try it and she's obsessed!" - Denise M (via Amazon)
"I can't say enough about this kit - I have acne prone skin, and trouble with blackheads on my chin and nose. After three days and one mask my skin is glowing - I have even been complimented on it. Canadian made, vegan, perfect, seems like a dream come true for the price. Thanks NENA!" - Angelin G (via nenaskincare.com)
Spot treatment for acne with glacial clay is totally fine too:
Was struggling with post-pill acne. I wasn't using any products just water to rinse my face. I use this as a spot treatment on my back and my face.absolutely amazing! It brings down the swelling on my acne and has helped clear up breakouts all over my back and on my face! - @Reads4Fun via Amazon
"I target my oily and enlarged pore covered cheeks for a clay detox" - @ajthetechnologist (via Instagram)
Ready to try us out?


text:
Spending time indoors during childhood ups risk of developing multiple sclerosis
Low levels of sun exposure throughout childhood appears to be associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) in adulthood, a study reports. Notably, the risk is greatest in those who spend most time indoors and use sun protection frequently in their limited time outdoors.
The study included 2,251 MS patients and 4,028 non-MS controls enrolled in the Environmental Risk Factors in MS (EnvIMS) study. The participants provided data on their sun exposure behaviours for 5-year age intervals from birth, with the study focusing on the first three age intervals (≤15 years).
Researchers compared two conceptual life course epidemiology models that can be used to explain disease aetiology: the critical period and accumulation models. The critical period model suggests the existence of a time period during which an individual is susceptible to exposures that determine disease risk, whereas the accumulation model suggests that longer duration of exposure time heightens the risk of disease in individuals irrespective of when exposure occurs.
Based on the results, the accumulation model emerged as the best model, which demonstrated that the lowest vs highest sun exposure at all three age intervals yielded a nearly 50-percent increased risk of MS (risk ratio [RR], 1.47; 95 percent CI, 1.24–1.74).
On latent class analysis, the highest risk of MS was observed in the group of individuals with low sun exposure during both summer and winter and high sun protection use than in the group with high sun exposure and low sun protection use (RR, 1.76; 1.27–2.46).
The findings underscore the importance of promoting balanced safe sun exposure practices tailored to specific populations in order to reduce disease burden, especially in countries and cultures where children spend a lot of time indoors, researchers said.


Skip to definition.
Adjective: terrified 'te-ru,fId
 1. Thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation
 "the terrified horse bolted";
 - panicky, panicked, panic-stricken, panic-struck, frightened
Verb: terrify 'te-ru,fI
 1. Fill with terror; frighten greatly
 "The defendant was convicted of placing dynamite in a certain building with intent to injure, intimidate, and terrify human beings";
 - terrorize, terrorise [Brit]
See also: afraid, 'fraid [non-standard]
Encyclopedia: Terrified


text: Modern Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are capable of supporting thousands of concurrent threads. However, they provide relatively little guarantee with respect to the coherence and consistency of the memory system. Thus, GPUs are prone to multitude of concurrency bugs related to inconsistent memory states. Many such bugs manifest as some form of data races at runtime, and being able to identify these data races can help programmers improve software reliability. Mechanisms that enable efficient and effective data race detection at runtime can form the basis of powerful tools for enhancing GPU software correctness. Most prior works in data race detection for GPU focus on the software-based approaches that incur significant performance overhead. Furthermore, they often focus on the smaller shared memory, while neglecting the larger global memory. We believe that adequate hardware support can enable efficient data race detection in all levels of the memory system for GPUs. In this paper, we propose a hardware-accelerated data race detection mechanism, HAccRG, for efficient data race detection in GPUs. HAccRG provides hardware support for tracking data dependencies across a large number of threads and detects various forms of data races. We incorporate HAccRG on both the shared and global memory spaces in GPU. Our evaluation shows that, with moderate hardware support, HAccRG can detect data races in GPU kernels with a small overhead: 1% for the shared memory and 27% for combined shared and global memory data race detection.


text:
Babies + Fairness =?
Posted by Adam Benforado on February 21, 2012
Here at The Situationist, we love babies (see here) and we love fairness (see here), and when you put the two together it's like an apple pie baked inside a cake (see here)... or, well, this new article by Stephanie Sloane, Renée Baillargeon, and David Premack:
Two experiments examined infants' expectations about how an experimenter should distribute resources and rewards to other individuals. In Experiment 1, 19-month-olds expected an experimenter to divide two items equally, as opposed to unequally, between two individuals. The infants held no particular expectation when the individuals were replaced with inanimate objects, or when the experimenter simply removed covers in front of the individuals to reveal the items (instead of distributing them). In Experiment 2, 21-month-olds expected an experimenter to give a reward to each of two individuals when both had worked to complete an assigned chore, but not when one of the individuals had done all the work while the other played. The infants held this expectation only when the experimenter could determine through visual inspection who had worked and who had not. Together, these results provide converging evidence that infants in the 2nd year of life already possess context-sensitive expectations relevant to fairness.
As Sloane explained to ScienceDaily, "We think children are born with a skeleton of general expectations about fairness, and these principles and concepts get shaped in different ways depending on the culture and the environment they're brought up in.... [H]elping children behave more morally may not be as hard as it would be if they didn't have that skeleton of expectations."
Related Situationist posts:


text:
The Water Management Program
The Trent-Severn Waterway is a 386-kilometre inland canal system crossing central Ontario from Trenton on the Bay of Quinte to Port Severn on Georgian Bay. Natural rivers and lakes are connected by canal cuts, locks, and dams to form a navigable route through two neighbouring watersheds – the Trent and the Severn. There are three key components to the Waterway: the Trent River watershed, the Reservoir Lakes, and the Severn River watershed (Figure 1
). The characteristics of the three components are summarized here and described in more detail in fact sheets provided as appendices.
Figure 1. Watersheds of the Trent-Severn Waterway© Parks Canada
Runoff and Evaporation
Runoff rates and evaporation losses are determined by the characteristics of the lands in the watersheds and weather conditions.
South of the Shield
- Primarily rock and shallow soils
- Rapid runoff
- Less evaporation due to deeper lakes
- Deeper soils
- Slower runoff: depending on the time of year, only about 25% of precipitation appears as runoff flows
- Greater evaporation due to shallower lakes with larger surface
The Trent River watershed drains to Lake Ontario. The river basin has an area of 12,200 square kilometres and includes the reservoir lakes. Approximately one third of the basin lies in the Canadian Shield, with the other two thirds in the rolling farmlands of southern Ontario. The Trent River basin contains the Kawartha Lakes: Rice, Katchewanooka, Clear, Stony, Lovesick, Lower Buckhorn, Buckhorn, Chemong, Pigeon, Sturgeon, Scugog, Cameron and Balsam. These lakes lie primarily south of the Canadian Shield in rolling countryside, where rainfall runoff is usually slow and evaporation losses in the summer are high. The Otonabee and the Trent are the two primary rivers, with the Otonabee connecting Katchewanooka Lake and Rice Lake and the Trent connecting Rice Lake and the Bay of Quinte.
The Reservoir Lakes to the north consist of forty-four lakes in the Haliburton Highlands area that are dammed to collect spring runoff water. Water from the Reservoir Lakes is released over the summer to supply the Trent component of the Waterway. These lakes lie in the Precambrian Shield on the tributaries of the Gull, Burnt, and Mississagua River, as well as Nogies, Eels, and Jack Creek. The drainage area of the Haliburton tributaries (Gull and Burnt River) is in the order of 3,200 square kilometres.
The Severn River watershed
lies immediately west of the Trent River watershed and drains into Georgian Bay. This 6,160 square kilometre drainage area has three major components:
- The Lake Simcoe and Couchiching basin, including the Talbot River
- The Black River watershed that feeds into the Severn River downstream of Lake Couchiching
- The lakes and channels of the Severn River below Washago, including Sparrow Lake, Six Mile Lake and Gloucester Pool
Most of the drainage area for the Lake Simcoe-Couchiching basin is in the rolling farmland and deeper soils characteristic of the southern area. As a result, water run-off is slow and evaporation losses from both land and lake surfaces are high.
The Black River watershed, located in the thin soils and rock of the Precambrian Shield, is virtually unregulated and produces rapid run-off of precipitation with lower evaporation losses. Consequently, even though the Black River watershed is less than half of the area of the Simcoe-Couchiching basin, its long-term average flow is comparable. The Black also has high peak flows during the spring period. The watercourses of the Black and the Severn Rivers contain numerous narrow sections and natural constrictions that increase water levels in the river and create upstream flooding during high flows.


text:
DROUGHT IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN DOBRUDJA PUBLISHEDMarius Lungu, Liliana Panaitescu, Anca Nicoleta Albu, George Marius Cracu, Simona Niţă None
As climatic risk or risk associated complex, drought is characterized mainly by the absence of rainfall, increased sun exposure, soil and air temperature, increased evapotranspiration process, helping reduce air and soil moisture and, therefore, to reduce the pool of productive moisture in the root system of the plant, which causes wilting crops to reduce agricultural production and even to affect the total harvest, if not taken necessary measures to combat water scarcity in irrigation. In this way, the phenomena of drought and climate hazards are drought trigger environmental hazards that affect both agricultural production and the whole geographical environment, including public health. This paper aims mainly to know both the climatic features of the drought but its implications in agriculture Dobroudja. It also is intended as a warning to a careful monitoring of crops as well as for finding the best means of defense against the risk of atmospheric phenomena. In preparing this study were analyzed weather data from the period _PHONE_ the main weather stations Dobroudja (Constanta, Mangalia, Hârsova, Cernavoda, Adamclisi, Medgidia, Sulina, Chilia Corugea, Horia, Jurilovca, Gorgova, Tulcea, Mahmudia). In this study it was examined for the first time in the territory of Dobroudja, the distribution of indicators (standardized abnormal index, standardized precipitation index), highlighting areas within the risk and the action may be taken to prevent being of real help for farmers Dobroudja.
Dobroudja; drought; productivity; risk


text:
"A subject dead is not worth presenting": Cromwell, the Past, and the Haunting of Thomas Carlyle
This essay examines Thomas Carlyle's painful struggle to write a book on Oliver Cromwell and the Puritan era in the years 1838 to 1845, and seeks to discover why this otherwise prolific author found it so difficult to produce a history of the man who occupied the central place in his pantheon of heroes. It does so by examining his metaphoric conception of the past as a body that could, if treated correctly by the historian, be presented "alive" rather than "dead," and his feeling that the past and the voices of its "dead heroes" were haunting him like ghosts. The metaphoric construction and progress of this haunting is explored using critical approaches derived from Jacques Derrida and Paul de Man. By placing Carlyle's crisis of authorship in conversation with these thinkers, I attempt to cast a new light on his relationship to the past and his sense of the difficulties involved in giving voice to the dead. It was only through a subjugation of his own authorial voice to that of his dead subject that Carlyle was able to bring an end to the haunting that had threatened to silence him in the early 1840s.
Copyright © Université de Montréal, 2013


text:
Hospice workers have schedules that keep them on their feet for most of the day. Often staff members barely have time to grab a cup of coffee or a sandwich and even less time to attend to paperwork. Reasons include the necessity to care for patients' physical, medical and psychological needs. Administrative tasks often take second place, but this becomes a serious problem when supplies aren't ordered or patient records are not properly updated since, ultimately, it's the patient who may suffer.
Fortunately, there are now mobile solutions available that simplify the chore of updating patient records and ordering essential supplies while enhancing hospice staff efficiency.The Balancing Act
Hospice providers operate by balancing the requirements of their patients with the responsibilities of administrative duties. Constant choices have to be made between the amount of time allocated to each patient, the needs of the other patients and the completion of administrative tasks that cannot be neglected:
- Patients' needs: These include their medical needs and necessities such as comfort, cleanliness, and healthy nutrition as well as their emotional health and wellbeing.
- Administrative tasks: Hospice caregivers are obliged to ensure medical records are correct and up to date with respect to treatment and medical supplies provided, as well as arranging to replenish used supplies.
- Clinicians: Hospice clinicians form relationships with patients, and as such are involved in the process of their passing. Apart from caring for the needs of their patients (and the patient's family), clinicians must also deal with the personal stress brought about by their work, and have adequate rest to avoid burnout.
While there are no cures for dealing with stress and burnout, the adoption of solutions to alleviate and streamline routine administrative functions are an important factor for ensuring that clinicians are motivated, fresh and able to perform their tasks efficiently.Tapping into Mobile Technology
According to a study published in The Permanente Journal, which evaluated how medical nurses spent their time, it was established that 35 percent of nursing practice work time was spent on documentation and administration.
The introduction of mobile technology offers a solution to reducing time lost on administrative tasks such as:
- Updating patient records
- Record keeping
- Mobile ordering
Mobile ordering systems are faster than paper-based systems while making the recorded information legible and easily shared. Additionally, records don't get lost. A good example of these types of solutions is uCommand® from Concordance Healthcare Solutions. This is a web-based supply chain management solution that provides:
- Electronic order placing
- Barcode tracking
- Interfaces with electronic medical records (EMR's)
- Mobile access
- Adding and amending patients' records
- Direct interface with multiple vendors
- Management approval processes
- Flexible and ad hoc reporting
To discover how uCommand® can help improve your staff's efficiencies, contact us for more information.


text:
This job is no longer available
Job nr. WTVN01372
Job Title Instrument Inspector
Contact name Vinay Nalubala
Contact email _EMAIL_
Website address _URL_
Short job description
Instrument Inspector will coordinate closely with CONTRACTOR to minimize work interference due to engineering or construction quality problems.
Main job description
The responsibilities of Instrument Inspector position will include but are not limited to the following:
- Coordinate closely with CONTRACTOR to minimise work interference due to engineering or construction quality problems.
- Ensure that proper quality control techniques and procedures are established by the contractor. Ensure that quality control is carried out during the installation phase.
- Appraise the quality and performance of contractor's field personnel.
- Supervise and witness Megger Tests and Continuity checks for all cables.
- Supervise and witness tubing loop checks and leak tests.
- Monitor the contractor's efforts to verify that instrument material and equipment supplied meet the project specification.
- Ensure correct inventory and proper inspection records are maintained by contractor.
- Check to ensure adequate and proper inspection records are maintained by contractor.
- Participate in the resolution of quality problems as directed.
A major Oil and Gas Company operating in Middle East.
Location Basra, Iraq


text:
Cereal Grass Culture Media (#AC5021, AC5022)
Aldon's Innovating Science Cereal Grass Medium is used for culturing protozoa such as rhizopods, choanoflagellates, ciliates, and flagellates. It contains dehydrated cereal grass leaves with natural vitamins A,B,C,K. Highly recommended by King's Lab at the University of California, Berkley. Made in America. IS5021, IS502
To grow organisms from the cereal grass media, use 1-2 g grams of media with about 1 liter of water.* Cover and let rest for a few days. Retrieve a sample for observation using a dropper or pipette, and place a drop on a microscope slide. The types of protozoa you will observe depends on the type of water used. *Best sources of water are from a pond, lake, puddle, ditch, or fish tank.
- Use for culturing protozoa (Rhizopods, Choanoflagellates, Ciliates, and Flagellates)
- Contains dehydrated cereal grass leaves with natural vitamins A,B,C,K
- Highly recommended by top labs Highly recommended by top labs
- Use 1-2 g grams of media with about 1 liter of water.
- Available in 100 gram or 500 gram Bottles
- Made in USA
We Also Recommend
Canada Balsam Synthetic Mounting Medium 25ml/0.85oz (#AC0020)
Questions & Answers
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Be the first to ask a question about this.


text:
Quail (Common Quail) Coturnix coturnix
A scarce breeding bird in Norfolk and the rest of the UK, and much more often heard than seen. Although wintering birds are occasionally recorded in Norfolk (I once flushed one during a blizzard on 1st February) the majority move south for the winter. They are more numerous in parts of Europe but in most areas still provide a challenge to get good views.
So far I've not seen one in Europe out in the open anywhere near long enough to get a photo but a pair in Africa were more obliging. These could conceivably have belonged to the race africana which occurs in Malawi as an intra-African migrant and is darker than the nominate coturnix from Europe, but they are more likely to be the locally resident and even darker race erlangeri.
pair of Common Quail (probably race erlangeri), Nyika Plateau (Malawi), 6th October 2008


Help us understand the problem. What is going on with this article?
Random Ruby Quiz –– count words in a phrase
More than 5 years have passed since last update.
You will need minitest gem:
gem install minitest
Quiz: Write a program that given a phrase can count the occurrences of each word in that phrase. Your code should pass this test suite:
test_phrase.rb
gem "minitest"
require 'minitest/autorun'
require_relative 'phrase'
class PhraseTest < Minitest::Test
 def test_count_one_word
 phrase = Phrase.new("word")
 counts = {"word" => 1}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_count_one_of_each
 phrase = Phrase.new("one of each")
 counts = {"one" => 1, "of" => 1, "each" => 1}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_count_multiple_occurrences
 phrase = Phrase.new("one fish two fish red fish blue fish")
 counts = {"one"=>1, "fish"=>4, "two"=>1, "red"=>1, "blue"=>1}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_count_everything_just_once
 phrase = Phrase.new("all the kings horses and all the kings men")
 phrase.word_count # count it an extra time
 counts = {
 "all"=>2, "the"=>2, "kings"=>2, "horses"=>1, "and"=>1, "men"=>1
 }
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_ignore_punctuation
 phrase = Phrase.new("car : carpet as java : javascript!!&@$%^&")
 counts = {"car"=>1, "carpet"=>1, "as"=>1, "java"=>1, "javascript"=>1}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_handles_cramped_lists
 phrase = Phrase.new("one,two,three")
 counts = {"one"=>1, "two"=>1, "three" => 1}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_include_numbers
 phrase = Phrase.new("testing, 1, 2 testing")
 counts = {"testing" => 2, "1" => 1, "2" => 1}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
 def test_normalize_case
 phrase = Phrase.new("go Go GO")
 counts = {"go" => 3}
 assert_equal counts, phrase.word_count
 end
end
write code in phrase.rb that pass this test suite
.
├── phrase.rb
└── test_phrase.rb
You could run the test via:
ruby test_phrase.rb
Answer is in the comment.
JuanitoFatas
Hi Nice to meet you <3 Feel free to talk to me on Twitter: _URL_ Or follow my GitHub: _URL_ どうもありがとうございます＾＾
_URL_
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text:
Two transgender women have been sexually assaulted while behind bars in male prisons.
Despite official guidance that states transgender women should not be placed in male general population, trans women in the UK are frequently forced to serve time in men's prisons.
According to reports, police are investigating two sexual assaults on trans women that took place in at HM Prison Littlehey, a Category C male sex offenders prison in Cambridgeshire.
According to The Sun, one of the women was sexually assaulted in her cell on September 3, while the second was propositioned by another prisoner and asked to perform a sex act.
A source told the newspaper: "Two allegations of very serious sexual assault in a short period is unprecedented.
"The prison is investigating and considering changes to the way it deals with transgender inmates."
A Ministry of Justice official said: "It would be inappropriate to comment further while investigations are ongoing."
In 2015, the government carried out a review the way trans people in prisons are dealt with, after two female prisoners died within weeks of each-other while being held in all-male facilities.
A third prisoner, Tara Hudson, was moved to a female facility after a public campaign.
The review, overseen by Peter Dawson of the Prison Reform Trust and Jay Stewart of Gendered Intelligence, led to reforms to National Offender Management Service procedures.
It directs: "People who are living in a gender different to that of their assigned sex at birth should, as a general presumption, be treated by offender management services according to the gender in which they identify.
"Clear, reasonable criteria should be applied from the outset for all transgender people who receive a binary (i.e. either a male or female) service from NOMS, where it is required.
"This process should be free from bias, follow a clear, recorded process and be undertaken by staff who have a sound basic awareness of transgender identity, with access to specialist advice."
However, despite the guidance, campaigners say little has changed – and there are still a number of trans women serving time in male prisons.
The NOMS document states that trans women can be sent to men's prisons if there is a 'lack of evidence' of their gender identity or if they are judged to be a threat.
It states: "There will be circumstances when a transgender person's location cannot be straightforwardly reconciled with their views.
"This may be due to a lack of evidence (or the presence of counter evidence) relating to the gender in which they identify and/or concerns raised via an assessment of all known risks, indicating they cannot be safely managed in a prison that does match their self-identified gender.
"Guidance on how NOMS staff weigh evidence and risk should accompany any new instruction.
"Decisions on the allocation of transgender people to binary services, especially custody, must include the possibility of a review and rapid remedy if it appears that the initial allocation might have an unforeseen and detrimental impact on the person's mental health or wellbeing, their social integration and access to services, or an impact on safety to themselves or the safety of others."
However, it directs: "Regardless of where prisoners are held, they should be respected in the gender in which they identify, being provided with those items that enable their gender expression."
In a previous statement, the MoJ said: "It is apparent that the treatment of transgender people in courts, probation and prison services has not kept pace with the development of a more general understanding of the issues surrounding gender in society.
"Policy in this area needs to evolve and take as its starting presumption a wish to respect someone in the gender in which they identify, once in the care of the criminal justice system.
"Allowing transgender offenders to experience the system in the gender in which they identify will, in the great majority of cases, represent the most humane and safest way to act.
"We believe it will also assist successful rehabilitation. In the minority of cases where that is not possible, the reasons for departing from this starting presumption must be clear, explicit and made known to the person they affect, especially when it involves assigning someone to a male or female prison."


text:
Mackerel, Atlantic (Saba) – U.S. and Canada, Purse Seine
Atlantic Mackerel are fast swimmers found throughout the Atlantic Ocean that mature within 3 years.
In U.S. and Canadian waters, the current abundance of Atlantic Mackerel is uncertain. Mackerel play an important role in the ecosystem, providing food for a variety of larger fish, such as sharks, bluefin tuna, and marine mammals.
In the U.S. most Atlantic Mackerel are caught with midwater trawls, but there is a small purse seine fishery, which is well-managed. In Canada, purse seines are the primary method of catching Atlantic Mackerel. Purse seines do not impact bottom habitats and have low bycatch.


The Congress in Uruguay has passed a bill allowing adoption by gay and lesbian couples to adopt children.
The legislation is expected to pass in the Senate, where the ruling party has a majority.
The Senate will vote on the bill next month.
In December 2007, Uruguay's parliament passed legislation to recognise same-sex civil unions.
The country of 3.6m people was the first nation in South America to grant such protections, although some cities and regions throughout the continent have made similar legal provisions.
The Congress passed legislation creating a civil union registry for same-sex and unmarried heterosexual couples who have lived together for at least five years.
In May Uruguay lifted a ban on gays serving in its military.
The ban was imposed under the 1973-85 military dictatorship. Under it, people with "open sexual deviations", which includes homosexuality, were banned from entering the military academies.
The ban also included homosexuality among the "mental illnesses and disorders" that legally made a person unsuitable to join the armed forces.
Gay adoption has been opposed by the Roman Catholic Church in Uruguay.
Archbishop of Montevideo Nicolas Cotugno told the Catholic News Agency:
"The adoption of children by homosexual couples is not a question of religion, philosophy or sociology. It has to do with respect for human nature itself.
"To accept the adoption of children by homosexual couples is to go against human nature itself, and consequently, it is to go against the fundamental rights of the human being as a person."


text: This contribution assesses the possibilities of application of volumetric compensation technology on a small three-axis vertical machining centre. These machine tools are designed for machining of small workpieces with various requirements on dimensional and shape accuracy. Small machine tools do not show large volumetric deviations across the entire working space as it is seen with medium-sized and large machining centres. To test volumetric compensation, detailed measurements on a small machining centre (demonstrator) were performed prior to activation of compensation set; other verification measurements were carried out with activated compensation set. Even if volumetric compensation is deployed, it is necessary to verify the achieved results in an appropriate manner. The accomplished study will offer pertinent conclusions on the appropriateness of the technology to be deployed for selected types of workpieces.


How to Convert WAV to GSM With Sox
While both GSM and WAV are audio formats, they are designed for different purposes. WAV files are typically 16-bits in resolution and are usually sampled at very high bit rates. They can be excellent ways to transmit lossless copies of CD-quality audio. GSM files, on the other hand, come from Europe where they were designed to work with wireless voice communication systems. They typically have 8-bit resolution and are very compact, using very small bit rates. GSM files are typically used in telephony.
Download and install SoX from the SourceForge website.
Click the Start button and type "cmd" in the search box, then press "Enter."
Use the "cd" command to navigate to the folder where you installed SoX. For example, if you installed it in the sox-14-4-0 subfolder of the "Program Files (x86)" folder on your C: drive, you would type "c:" then press "Enter," then type "cd \Program Files (x86)," then press "Enter," then type "cd sox-14-4-0" and press "Enter." Please note that the commas and quotation marks in the previous section are not part of the command and should be omitted.
Enter the following command on the command line and press the "Enter" key:
sox input.wav -r 8000 -c1 output.gsm lowpass 4000 compand 0.02,0.05 -60,-60,-30,-10,-20,-8,-5,-8,-2,-8 -8 -7 0.05
You can replace "input.wav" with the path and filename of your file, and "output.gsm" with the name you want your GSM file to have. Note that if any component of the filename or its path has a space, you should encompass the whole path and filename in quotation marks.
Type "exit" and press "Enter" to exit the command prompt.


text:
Automatic monitoring systems for wheelsets in continuous operation using modern, efficient measuring methods and documentation in one database. The system makes possible the monitoring of ever tighter tolerances and operating limits that are required both for the increasing speeds and the increase in safety, travelling comfort and operational reliability. The modular design of the Argus wheelset diagnostics system allows economic adjustment to the measurement requirements of the customer.
- Fully automatic, precise and quick measurement operation
- Improvement in workshop organisation and logistics thanks to exact knowledge of the wheelset status and documentation in one database, plus there is wear forecast
- Increase in the vehicle availability thanks to constant monitoring of the wheelset data with wear forecast


text:
- Girl Names
What does the baby name Tahirih mean? Learn about what Tahirih means, its history & origin, popularity in our random name database, pronunciation, similar names, nicknames & spelling variations.
Tahirih - Name Meaning, Origin & Popularity
- Spelling of Tahirih
- T-A-H-I-R-I-H, is a 7-letter female given name.
- Meaning of Tahirih
- Chaste: pure.
- Origin of Tahirih
- Iranian Names
- Popularity of Tahirih
- Tahirih currently has no likes. Be the first to like this name.


text:
Flood hazard assessment of Atrato river in Colombia
Water Resources Management
First page number:
Last page number:
The flood hazard caused by Atrato River in Quibdó, northwest of Colombia is assessed using statistical modeling techniques (Gumbel and GRADEX), hydraulic modeling with HEC-RAS and the Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Three flood hazard maps for return periods of 10, 20 and 50 years are generated. The flood hazard modeling reveals that the flooded zone is more significant out of the left (West) bank than out of the right (East) bank of Atrato River. For the three return periods the maximum depth of water reached by the river and extent of flooding are estimated. Sensitivity analysis on roughness coefficient and peak discharge is performed. For 50 year return period (Q =3054 m3/s), water depth on the left and right bank of Atrato River is 3.7 m and 3.1 m, respectively. This information is useful in defining the minimum height of flood protection structures such as dikes to protect the area from flooding. The results can be useful for evacuation planning, estimation of damages and post flood recovery efforts.
Colombia – Atrato River; Colombia – Quibdó; Computer simulation; Flood damage prevention; Flood forecasting; Flood hazard; Flood map; Flood modeling; GIS; GRADEX; Gumbel
Environmental Engineering | Environmental Sciences | Fresh Water Studies
Use Find in Your Library, contact the author, or use interlibrary loan to garner a copy of the article. Publisher copyright policy allows author to archive post-print (author's final manuscript). When post-print is available or publisher policy changes, the article will be deposited
Flood hazard assessment of Atrato river in Colombia.
Water Resources Management, 21(3),


The dynamic importance of nodes is poorly predicted by static topological features
Abstract
One of the most central questions in network science is: which nodes are most important? Often this question is answered using topological properties such as high connectedness or centrality in the network. However it is unclear whether topological connectedness translates directly to dynamical impact. To this end, we simulate the kinetic Ising spin model on generated and a real-world networks with weighted edges. The extent of the dynamic impact is assessed by causally intervening on a node state and effect on the systemic dynamics. The results show that topological features such as network centrality or connectedness are actually poor predictors of the dynamical impact of a node on the rest of the network. A solution is offered in the form of an information theoretical measure named information impact. The metric is able to accurately reflect dynamic importance of nodes in networks under natural dynamics using observations only, and validated using causal interventions. We conclude that the most dynamically impactful nodes are usually not the most well-connected or central nodes. This implies that the common assumption of topologically central or well-connected nodes being also dynamically important is actually false, and abstracting away the dynamics from a network before analyzing is not advised.
Type


text:
- Chemistry is one of those things that just cannot be planned for when casting a film.
- At present, if you draw a company pension you cannot go back to work for that company.
- The workload in Bradford is so great that it cannot take on any new clients at present.
Both the one-word form cannot and the two-word form can not are acceptable, but cannot is more common (in the Oxford English Corpus, three times as common). The two-word form is better only in a construction in which not is part of a set phrase, such as 'not only... but (also)': Paul can not only sing well, but he also paints brilliantly.
Definition of cannot in:
- The British & World English dictionary


text:
DARPA is seeking innovative proposals to conduct wind tunnel and flight testing of jet interaction effects for Phase 2 of the Glide Breaker program. The overall goal of Glide Breaker is to advance the United States' ability to counter emerging hypersonic threats. Phase 1 of the program focused on developing and demonstrating a divert and attitude control system (DACS) that enables a kill vehicle to intercept hypersonic weapon threats during their glide phase.
Phase 2 will focus on quantifying aerodynamic jet interaction effects that result from DACS plumes and hypersonic air flows around an interceptor kill vehicle. The Glide Breaker Phase 2 Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) can be found at this link.
"Glide Breaker Phase 1 developed the propulsion technology necessary to achieve hit-to-kill against highly-maneuverable hypersonic threats. Phase 2 of the Glide Breaker program will develop the technical understanding of jet interactions necessary to enable design of propulsion control systems for a future operational glide-phase interceptor kill vehicle. Phases 1 and 2 together fill the technology gaps necessary for the U.S. to develop a robust defense against hypersonic threats," said Major Nathan Greiner, program manager in DARPA's Tactical Technology Office.
Forecasts by Product Style (Covert, Overt), by Level (Level I, Level II, Level III), by End-use, (Army, Navy, Air Force), by Application (Composite Ceramic, UHMWPE, Aramid, Steel, Other Material), by Product (Interceptor Body Armour (IBA), Improved Outer Tactical Vest (IOTV), Enhanced Small Arms Protective Inserts (ESAPI), Enhanced Side Ballistic Inserts (ESBI), Soldier Plate Carrier System (SPCS), Concealable Body Armour (CBA), Pelvic Protection Product (PPS), Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH), Military Combat Eye Protection (MCEP), Concealable Body Armour (CBA)) AND Regional and Leading National Market Analysis PLUS Analysis of Leading Companies AND COVID-19 Recovery ScenariosDownload free sample pages
Date: Apr 19, 2022
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Your internet guide to
all things catfish
Brackish Water Catfish
Dr. Neale Monks
Neale Monks is editor and senior author of Brackish Water Fishes, published by TFH and due out this summer (2006). He is the brackish water 'expert' in Practical Fishkeeping Magazine, and has been maintaining a popular FAQ on the topic for over 10 years.
The Salt-allergy Myth
ne of the most persistent myths in fishkeeping is that catfish are allergic to salt. The rationalisation behind this is that because catfish lack scales (which is true) they are much more sensitive to the osmotic effect of brackish water (which is nonsense). Consider this: moray eels also lack scales, yet virtually all of them live in the sea, with only a handful being found in brackish or fresh water.
The ability of a fish to control the flow of salts and water in and out of its body depends not on whether it has scales or not, but on its overall physiology. This, in turn, depends on the how evolution has modified that species to fit into a particular environment. Catfish adapted to soft water habitats, for example, are indeed unlikely to to do well in a brackish water aquarium, but the same holds true for all the other soft water aquarium fish, such as barbs, tetras, loaches, gouramis, and so on. What might come as a surprise to many catfish enthusiasts is that there are lots of catfish adapted to brackish water environments, and there are two families that are primarily marine in distribution, containing relatively few species that inhabit completely freshwater environments. These are the families Ariidae and Plotosidae, known as the sea catfish and eel catfish respectively. A few other families, including the Aspredinidae, Bagridae, Clariidae, Ictaluridae, Siluridae, and Loricariidae, include species that either tolerate brackish water or are found primarily in brackish water, further shattering the myth of catfish as being allergic to salt.
Brackish water plecs
Easily the question I get asked most often is whether or not plecs can be kept in a brackish water aquarium. The short answer is probably not, but the long answer is a much more complex than that.
To begin with, there are species of loricariid catfish that are apparently adapted to slightly brackish water habitats. In aquaristic terms, that would correspond to a specific gravity, or SG, of around 1.003 to 1.005. Hypostomus ventromaculatus is one such species, being found primarily in the Amazon estuary and according to FishBase only within the tidal, brackish water region of the river. Another species, Hypostomus watwata, is also common in slightly brackish environments, even being found living among mangrove tree roots. While these fish sound like ideal additions to a low-salinity brackish aquarium alongside things like mollies, gobies, and dwarf cichlids, the problem is that they are not traded much, if at all
Hypostomus plecostomus
Hypostomus plecostomus
is another species known to inhabit slightly brackish water, though in this case such observations have often been made outside of its natural range. In Florida, for example, where this fish has become widely established, it is quite commonly found in slightly brackish water.
Of course the main problem with using this species in the brackish water aquarium is that while the name Hypostomus plecostomus is commonly used in aquarium books and magazines to refer to the standard issue, common or garden plec, it is hardly ever the species available for sale. You are far more likely to find species of Liposarcus or Pterygoblichthys masquerading as "common plecs" in most aquarium stores.
Freshwater catfish that occur in brackish water
A number of catfish families include species that tolerate brackish water even if they don't need it. Siluris glanis, for example, one of the Siluridae, is normally found in freshwater rivers but can also be the slightly brackish water fringing the Baltic and Caspian seas. The same holds true for various species of clariid and ictaluriid catfish. These fish probably don't have any specific adaptations to brackish water, it's just that they are incredibly hardy and tolerant of sub-optimal conditions. Ictalurus punctatus in particular thrives in low salinity brackish water aquaria, though its large adult size and predatory nature do limit its usefulness.
Brackish water specialists
Mystus gulio
Catfish that tolerate brackish water are one thing, but species that actually prefer brackish water conditions are something else. Mystus gulio is one such species. It is a large bagrid catfish known in its natural range (South and South East Asia) as the estuarine catfish, a good indication of its preferred habitat. It is large (45 cm), silvery, schooling catfish that has only rarely been traded as an aquarium fish. Superficially similar in form and habit to the popular Colombian shark catfish (discussed below) it contrasts with that species in requiring slightly rather than strongly brackish water. It is adaptable though, and is common in completely freshwater rivers, and is even sometimes found in the sea. Nonetheless, for optimal health, this fish should be kept in slightly brackish water around the SG 1.005 mark. While not recommended for use alongside scats or monos, which prefer more strongly brackish conditions, this would be a fine companion for large sleeper gobies, green chromides, Siamese tigers (Datnioides spp.), and other large but peaceful, low salinity, brackish water fish.
It should be noted that Mystus gulio is unique among Mystus species in being a brackish water specialist; most of the other Mystus species sold as aquarium fish are strictly freshwater animals and should be maintained accordingly.
Bunocephalus coracoideus
Another group of catfish primarily associated with freshwater habitats but including a few brackish water specialists are the banjo catfish. The small species, like the ever-popular Bunocephalus coracoideus, are entirely freshwater fish, but it is the larger ones, such as Aspredinichthys, Aspredo, and Platystacus spp., that are the brackish water specialists.
These big banjos typically grow to around 20 to 30 cm, but are otherwise very similar to the dwarf species in terms of habits and requirements. In the wild they are normally found in coastal regions, though not always in brackish water, but they are not found in the sea. Like Mystus gulio, a low salinity suits them best, although they can be maintained in freshwater aquaria too, provided the water is not too soft or acid.
Marine catfish
When it comes to salty water, two catfish families stand out: the Ariidae and the Plotosidae. The Ariidae is perhaps the best known to freshwater fishkeepers, with one species, Hexanematichthys seemanni, being very Hexanematichthys seemanni
widely sold as the Colombian shark catfish. This is a large family (around 120 species) with representatives to be found along the coastlines of all the continents except Europe and Antarctica. Australia has a number of species that have secondarily become truly freshwater fish, presumably in the absence of competition from other catfish families, but ariids are otherwise completely marine animals that only migrate into rivers when foraging for food. The Colombian shark catfish, for example, while sold as a brackish water fish, is best kept in a marine aquarium.
The Plotosidae are a smaller family (around 30 species are known) that are confined to the Indo-West Pacific. Oddly enough, most of them are strictly freshwater fish found in Australia and New Guinea, where they are known locally as "cobblers" or "tandans". Nonetheless, there's no question that the family evolved in the sea, and many of them still live there. Like the Australian freshwater ariids, the freshwater plotosids have presumably radiated to occupy the ecological niches in Australia and New Guinea that 'true' freshwater catfish occupy elsewhere.
Plotosus lineatus
Only a single species of plotosid has had had any impact on the hobby (outside of Australia, at least), Plotosus lineatus. Normally the neatly-marked juveniles are sold as a marine fish, but since the adults are 30 cm long and rather drab by comparison with most other ornamental marine fish, they haven't become at all popular. While they can be maintained in marine aquaria, they will do equally well in midto high-salinity brackish water tanks where the specific gravity is maintained at 1.010 or more.
Adults in particular seem to be very accommodating, and have even been found in completely fresh water. Plotosus lineatus is a schooling fish when young, but adults are territorial are usually end up being kept alone. They are predators, but will mix fine with fishes too large to eat, such as scats.
Just as catfish manage to span the range of ecological niches from herbivores to predators, from cold mountain streams to tropical swamps, so


text:
Interdisciplinary Research on Environment and Society
The Oslo School of Environmental Humanities (OSEH) is an initiative to strengthen research and teaching that engages with the current climatic and environmental crisis from interdisciplinary perspectives. Our aim is to create a platform that facilitates conversation across disciplines and beyond academia, in order to respond creatively to the enormous environmental and social challenges of our time.
Research and teaching at OSEH cover a wide span of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. We believe that the current environmental crisis calls for deep cultural and social transformations. We need to better understand the values, ideas, ethics, and ways of life that have led to the present condition. These are domains where humanists and social scientists have much expertise.
OSEH supports scholars in the humanities by providing funding for interdisciplinary research groups that foster new research projects.
We currently accept two kinds of applications:
- Long-term OSEH collaboratories
- Community-building initiatives
Project Announcement: Living with Vultures in the Sixth Extinction (LiVE)
LiVE is a research project providing a historically informed comparative ethnography of contemporary vulture conservation in changing European landscapes. The project has been granted funding from the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions Individual Fellowships.
New Podcast on Environmental and Climate History
Archeologists and historians share research and insight on Norwegian environmental and climate history in a new podcast with seven episodes produced by Norgeshistorie.no.
Introducing OSEH Professor II: Felix Riede
Oslo School of Environmental Humanities is happy to introduce Felix Riede as a Professor II! He is Professor (with special responsibilities) and Director of Research at the Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies at Aarhus University. From late 2019 to 2022 he will engage in projects with particular focus on the development of the so-called 'palaeoenvironmental humanities'.
The Oslo School of Environmental Humanities (OSEH) aims to establish interdisciplinary courses in environmental humanities at both the master's and bachelor's level.
Are you interested in exploring the environmental humanities in a more casual setting?
The OSEH Environmental Humanities reading group invites students, staff and members of the public to join monthly group discussions on a diversity of subjects.
Director: Ursula Münster, Associate Professor at the Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages.
Oslo School of Environmental Humanities in social media:
The Faculty of Humanities promotes five research and education initiatives between 2019 and 2023. The goal is to contribute to solutions for the societal challenges of our day.


Schema generator
To generate schema from your entity metadata, you can use SchemaGenerator helper. You will need to create simple script where you initialize MikroORM like this:
./create-schema.ts
import { MikroORM, SchemaGenerator } from 'mikro-orm';
(async () => {
 const orm = await MikroORM.init({
 entities: [Author, Book, ...],
 dbName: 'your-db-name',
 // ...
 });
 const generator = new SchemaGenerator(orm.em.getDriver(), orm.getMetadata());
 const dump = generator.generate();
 console.log(dump);
 await orm.close(true);
})();
Then run this script via ts-node (or compile it to plain JS and use node):
$ ts-node create-schema


text: The Crimson-crested Woodpecker (Campephilus melanoleucos) is the most widespread species of Campephilus, occurring regularly from Panama south to northern Argentina, including across the Guianan Shield and throughout Amazonia. It is a very large, robust woodpecker with a large red crest. The Crimson-crested Woodpecker is found in a variety of habitats, from forest to forest edge and light woodland. It usually occurs in pairs or family groups and can be quite noisy. This woodpecker is very similar in appearance to the Lineated Woodpecker. The main difference is broad white band across the face and the converging, "V" white stripes on the back of the Crimson-crested Woodpecker as the stripes on the back of the Lineated do not converge.


CodeQL documentation
Arguments redefined
ID: js/arguments-redefinition
Kind: problem
Severity: recommendation
Precision: very-high
 - efficiency
 - maintainability
Query suites:
 - javascript-security-and-quality.qls
Click to see the query in the CodeQL repository
JavaScript functions can access their arguments by position (rather than by parameter name) through the special arguments object. However, if a function declares a parameter or local variable named arguments, or assigns a new value to arguments, then the arguments object is no longer available. This is confusing and makes code hard to understand, so it should be avoided.
Also note that many popular JavaScript engines (such as V8, which is used by Google Chrome and Node.js) do not support optimization of functions that assign to arguments, so such functions will run more slowly.
Rename the variable to something else.
In the following example, the arguments parameter of function f shadows the special arguments variable. As a result, the arguments object cannot be accessed inside f. To the casual reader, the test x === arguments[0] may look redundant, since normally arguments[0] refers to the first argument (x in this case), which would make the test trivially true. This is not the case here, however, since arguments[0] refers to the first element of the array passed in as the second argument.
function f(x, arguments) {
 if (x === arguments[0])
 return 23;
 return 42;


Skip to definition.
Verb: ret (retted,retting) ret
 1. Place (flax, hemp, or jute) in liquid so as to promote loosening of the fibers from the woody tissue
Derived forms: rets, retting, retted
Type of: douse, dowse, drench, soak, sop, souse
Encyclopedia: Ret


text:
- Water contact
For example, in a traditional hand-excavated water well, the level at which the water stabilizes represents the water table, or the elevation in the rock where air starts to occupy the rock pores.
In most situations in the hydrocarbon industry the term is qualified as being an oil-water contact (abbreviated to "OWC") or a gas-water contact ("GWC"). Often there is also a gas-oil contact ("GOC").
In an oil or gas field, hydrocarbons migrate into rocks and can be trapped if there is a permeability barrier to prevent upward escape. Gas and oil are lighter than water, so they will form a bubble at the high end of the "trap" formed by the impermeable barriers. A simple physical model of this would be a coffee cup held upside down underwater with an air bubble occupying the highest portion of the cup's interior. The base of the bubble is the water contact.
Capillary action can obscure the true water contact in permeable media like sandstone. Capillary pressure prevents the hydrocarbons from expelling all of the water in the pores, which creates a transition zone between the fully saturated hydrocarbon levels and the fully saturated water levels.
In poorly porous intervals, the oil-water, gas-water or gas-oil contacts can similarly be obscured, which makes estimation of hydrocarbon reserves difficult. Descriptions of the well's petrophysics will then often further qualify to delineate a gas-down-to, oil-up-to, oil-down-to and water-up-to line, clearly showing the uncertainties involved.
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.


Suspending and Resuming Service (End User)
When you create a suspend order, you stop service. The customer is still the owner of the service, but no service is being delivered. When you create a resume order, you recommence a service that has been suspended.
You may use suspend and resume orders for a number of reasons:
 - Customers who are going on vacation may want to suspend their newspaper delivery service while they are away.
 - A chain store may have one branch in a remote location that closes for the winter, so it wants to suspend both its phone and internet service to that site for the winter.
 - A phone company may have a policy saying that, if customers have not paid their bills for three months and do not respond to calls from collection agents, the phone company suspends their service. The phone company resumes service after the bills are paid.
 - Customers may report that they have lost their cell phones, and the phone company suspends service to prevent fraud. When the phones are found, the company resumes the service.
To enter a suspend order
 1. Navigate to the Accounts view of the Accounts screen.
 2. In the Accounts list, click the name of the customer who has the service.
 3. Click the Installed Assets view tab.
 4. If necessary, do a query to find the assets to be suspended.
 For example, if you want to suspend service to a site, query on the Point of Service field to find all assets for that site.
 5. In the Installed Assets list, select one or more services with the status of Active.
 6. Click Suspend.
To enter a resume order
 1. Navigate to the Installed Assets view.
 2. In the Installed Assets list, select a service that has the status of Suspended.
 3. Click Resume.


text:
Protect your kids—and your finances
Each year, many of our families spend thousands of dollars when their children are injured at school, on field trips or at home. For pennies a day, this can all be avoided.
To help protect your family, the Peel board has arranged to have student accident insurance available exclusively through Old Republic Insurance Company. This program offers a variety of plans and benefits at affordable prices.
The coverage can include:
dental expenses, and future costs (resulting from an accident)
total and permanent disability
paralysis/loss of use of limbs
special disability benefits
The Peel District School Board does
provide accident insurance coverage for student injuries that occur on school property or during school activities—this includes extracurricular sports. If a student is injured, parents are responsible for any costs not covered by provincial health care or their employer's health care plan. Please check with your provider regarding your coverage.
The provincial health care system does not cover costs which are commonly related to accidents including dental work, ambulance fees, casts and crutches, and physiotherapy. All of these are covered by Old Republic Life's student accident insurance plan.
It is strongly recommended that all families consider this coverage, especially if your child participates in extracurricular activities. Annual plans, which provide 24 hours a day, 365 days a year coverage. The insurance agreement is between
Old Republic Insurance Company.
For more information call Old Republic Insurance Company toll free at _PHONE_.


ngfTitlecommand description
TQConnection*fUndoundo action
Long_t*fUndoArgsundo values
static Bool_tTQObject::fgAllSignalsBlockedflag used for suppression of all signals
Class Charts
Inheritance Inherited Members Includes Libraries
Class Charts
Function documentation
void Init(const char* cl, void* object, const char* redo, const char* undo)
 common protected method used in several constructors
TQCommand(const char* cl = 0, void* object = 0, const char* redo = 0, const char* undo = 0)
 Constructor.
 Input parameters:
 1. clname - class name.
 2. obj - an object
 3. redo - method or function to do/redo operation
 4. undo - method or function to undo operation
 Comments:
 - if either clname or obj is NULL that means that redo/undo is function
 - to specify default arguments for redo/undo method/function
 '=' must precede to argument value.
 Example:
 TQCommand("TPad", gPad, "SetEditable(=kTRUE)", "SetEditable(=kFALSE)");
 - undo method can be same as redo one. In that case undo parameter
 can be omitted.
 Example:
 TQCommand("TPad", gPad, "SetFillStyle(Style_t)");
TQCommand(TObject* obj, const char* redo = 0, const char* undo = 0)
 Constructor.
 Input parameters:
 1. obj - an object
 2. redo - method or function to do/redo operation
 3. undo - method or function to undo operation
 Comments:
 - to specify default arguments for redo/undo method/function
 '=' must precede to argument value.
 Example:
 TQCommand(gPad, "SetEditable(=kTRUE)", "SetEditable(=kFALSE)");
 - undo method can be same as redo one. In that case "undo"
 can parameter be omitted.
 Example:
 TQCommand(gPad, "SetFillStyle(Style_t)");
TQCommand(const TQCommand& com)
 Copy constructor.
~TQCommand()
 dtor.
TQCommand * GetCommand()
 Return a command which is doing redo/undo action.
 This static method allows to set undo parameters dynamically, i.e.
 during execution of Redo function.
 Example:
 For redo actions like TGTextEdit::DelChar() it is not possible to
 know ahead what character will be deleted.
 To set arguments for undo action ( e.g. TGTextEdit::InsChar(char)),
 one needs to call TQCommand::SetUndoArgs(1, character) from
 inside of TGTextEdit::DelChar() method, i.e.
 TQCommand::GetCommand()->SetUndoArgs(1, somechar);
void Delete(Option_t* option = "")
 If "opt" is not zero delete every merged command which option string is
 equal to "opt". If "opt" is zero - delete all merged commands.
Bool_t CanMerge(TQCommand* c) const
 Two commands can be merged if they can be composed into
 a single command (Macro command).
 To allow merging commands user might override this function.
void Merge(TQCommand* c)
 Add command to the list of merged commands.
 This make it possible to group complex actions together so an end user
 can undo and redo them with one command. Execution of TQUndoManager::Undo(),
 TQUndoManager::Redo() methods only invokes the top level command as a whole.
 Merge method is analogous to logical join operation.
 Note: Merge method invokes redo action.
Long64_t Merge(TCollection* , TFileMergeInfo* )
 Merge a collection of TQCommand.
void Add(TObject* obj, Option_t* opt)
 Add command to the list of merged commands.
 Option string can contain substrings:
 "compress" - try to compress input command
 "radd" - execute redo action of input command
 "uadd" - execute undo action of input command
Bool_t CanCompress(TQCommand* c) const
 By default, commands can be compressed if they are:
 - equal
 - setter commands
 More complicated commands might want to override this function.
void Compress(TQCommand* c)
 Compress command. Compression is analogous to arithmetic "addition operation".
 Note:
 - The compressed command will be deleted.
 - Execution Compress method invokes Redo action with new redo arguments
 inheritied from compressed command.
 More complicated commands might want to override this function.
Bool_t IsEqual(const TObject* obj) const
 Equal comparison. The commands are equal if they are
 applied to the same object and have the same Redo/Undo actions
 More complicated commands might want to override this function.
Bool_t IsSetter() const
 Returns kTRUE is command if Redo is the same as Undo function
 and is the setter action.
 By default, all functions with names like "SetXXX" or "setXXX"
 considered as setters. Another type of setters are Move, Resize operations
 More complicated commands might want to override this function.
void SetArgs(Int_t narg, ...)
 Set do/redo and undo parameters. The format is
 SetArgs(number_of_params, redo_params, undo_params)
 Example:
 move_command->SetArgs(2, 100, 100, 200, 200);
 2 params, (100,100) - do/redo position, (200,200) - undo position
void SetRedoArgs(Int_t narg, ...)
 Set redo parameters. The format is
 SetRedoArgs(number_of_params, params)
 Example:
 move_command->SetRedoArgs(2, 100, 100);
void SetUndoArgs(Int_t narg, ...)
 Set undo parameters. The format is
 SetUndoArgs(number_of_params, params)
 Example:
 move_command->SetUndoArgs(2, 200, 200);
Bool_t CanRedo() const
 Returns kTRUE if Redo action is possible, kFALSE if it's not.
 By default, only single sequential redo action is possible.
Bool_t CanUndo() const
 Returns kTRUE if Undo action is possible, kFALSE if it's not.
 By default, only single tial undo action is possible.
void Redo(Option_t* option = "")
 Execute command and then smerged commands
void Undo(Option_t* option = "")
 Unexecute all merged commands and the command.
 Merged commands are executed in reverse order.
const char * GetName() const
 Returns the command name. Default name is "ClassName::RedoName(args)"
 If list of merged commands is not empty the name is
 "ClassName::RedoName(args):cname1:cname2 ..."
const char * GetTitle() const
 Returns command description.
 By default, "ClassName::RedoName(args)_ClassName::UndoName(args)"
const char * GetRedoName() const
 Returns the name of redo command
const char * GetUndoName() const
 Returns the name of undo command
Long_t * GetRedoArgs() const
 Returns a pointer to array of redo arguments
Long_t * GetUndoArgs() const
 Returns a pointer to array of undo arguments
Int_t GetNRargs() const
 Returns a number of redo arguments
Int_t GetNUargs() const
 Returns a number of undo arguments
void * GetObject() const
 Returns an object for which undo redo acions are applied
Int_t GetStatus() const
 Returns a number of sequential undo or redo operations
Bool_t IsMacro() const
 Returns kTRUE if neither redo nor undo action specified
Bool_t IsUndoing() const
 Undo action is in progress
Bool_t IsRedoing() const
 Redo action is in progress
Bool_t IsExecuting() const
 Returns kTRUE if command execution is in progress
void SetName(const char* name)
 Sets name of the command
void SetTitle(const char* title)
 Sets description of the command
void ls(Option_t* option = "") const
 ls this command and merged commands
void PrintCollectionHeader(Option_t* option) const
 Print collection header.
TQConnection * GetRedo() const
{ return fRed