nLab reduced homology
Contents
Context
Homological algebra
homological algebra
(also nonabelian homological algebra)
Introduction
Context
Basic definitions
Stable homotopy theory notions
Constructions
Lemmas
diagram chasing
Schanuel's lemma
Homology theories
Theorems
Contents
Idea
In general, the homology of a point is not trivial but is concentrated in degree 0 on the given coefficient object. For some applications, though, it is convenient to divide out that contribution such as to have the homology of the point be entirely trivial. This is called reduced homology.
Definition
Reduced singular homology
We discuss the reduced version of singular homology.
Let XX be a topological space. Write C (X)C_\bullet(X) for its singular chain complex.
Definition
The augmentation map is the homomorphism of abelian groups
ϵ:C 0(X) \epsilon \colon C_0(X) \to \mathbb{Z}
which adds up all the coefficients of all 0-chains:
ϵ:: in iσ i in i. \epsilon \colon \colon \sum_{i} n_i \sigma_i \mapsto \sum_i n_i \,.
Since the boundary of a 1-chain is in the kernel of this map, it constitutes a chain map
ϵ:C (X), \epsilon \colon C_\bullet(X) \to \mathbb{Z} \,,
where now \mathbb{Z} is regarded as a chain complex concentrated in degree 0.
Definition
The reduced singular chain complex C˜ (X)\tilde C_\bullet(X) of XX is the kernel of the augmentation map, the chain complex sitting in the short exact sequence
0C˜ (X)C (X)ϵ0. 0 \to \tilde C_\bullet(X) \to C_\bullet(X) \stackrel{\epsilon}{\to} \mathbb{Z} \to 0 \,.
The reduced singular homology H˜ (X)\tilde H_\bullet(X) of XX is the chain homology of the reduced singular chain complex
H˜ (X)H (C˜ (X)). \tilde H_\bullet(X) \coloneqq H_\bullet(\tilde C_\bullet(X)) \,.
Equivalently:
Definition
The reduced singular homology of XX, denoted H˜ (X)\tilde H_\bullet(X), is the chain homology of the augmented chain complex
C 2(X) 1C 1(X) 0C 0(X)ϵ0. \cdots \to C_2(X) \stackrel{\partial_1}{\to} C_1(X) \stackrel{\partial_0}{\to} C_0(X) \stackrel{\epsilon}{\to} \mathbb{Z} \to 0 \,.
Properties
Relation to ordinary homology
Let XX be a topological space, H (X)H_\bullet(X) its singular homology and H˜ (X)\tilde H_\bullet(X) its reduced singular homology, def. .
Proposition
For nn \in \mathbb{N} there is an isomorphism
H n(X){H˜ n(X) forn1 H˜ 0(X) forn=0 H_n(X) \simeq \left\{ \array{ \tilde H_n(X) & for \; n \geq 1 \\ \tilde H_0(X) \oplus \mathbb{Z} & for\; n = 0 } \right.
Proof
The homology long exact sequence of the defining short exact sequence C˜ (C)C (X)ϵ\tilde C_\bullet(C) \to C_\bullet(X) \stackrel{\epsilon}{\to} \mathbb{Z} is, since \mathbb{Z} here is concentrated in degree 0, of the form
H˜ n(X)H n(X)00H˜ 1(X)H 1(X)0H˜ 0(X)H 0(X)ϵ0. \cdots \to \tilde H_n(X) \to H_n(X) \to 0 \to \cdots \to 0 \to \cdots \to \tilde H_1(X) \to H_1(X) \to 0 \to \tilde H_0(X) \to H_0(X) \stackrel{\epsilon}{\to} \mathbb{Z} \to 0 \,.
Here exactness says that all the morphisms H˜ n(X)H n(X)\tilde H_n(X) \to H_n(X) for positive nn are isomorphisms. Moreover, since \mathbb{Z} is a free abelian group, hence a projective object, the remaining short exact sequence
0H˜ 0(X)H 0(X)0 0 \to \tilde H_0(X) \to H_0(X) \to \mathbb{Z} \to 0
is split (as discussed there) and hence H 0(X)H˜ 0(X)H_0(X) \simeq \tilde H_0(X) \oplus \mathbb{Z}.
Proposition
For X=*X = * the point, the morphism
H 0(ϵ):H 0(X) H_0(\epsilon) \colon H_0(X) \to \mathbb{Z}
is an isomorphism. Accordingly the reduced homology of the point vanishes in every degree:
H˜ (*)0. \tilde H_\bullet(*) \simeq 0 \,.
Proof
By the discussion at Singular homology – Relation to homotopy groups we have that
H n(*){ forn=0 0 otherwise. H_n(*) \simeq \left\{ \array{ \mathbb{Z} & for \; n = 0 \\ 0 & otherwise } \right. \,.
Moreover, it is clear that ϵ:C 0(*)\epsilon \colon C_0(*) \to \mathbb{Z} is the identity map.
Relation to relative homology
Proposition
For XX an inhabited topological space, its reduced singular homology, def. , coincides with its relative singular homology relative to any base point x:*Xx \colon * \to X:
H˜ (X)H (X,*). \tilde H_\bullet(X) \simeq H_\bullet(X,*) \,.
Proof
Consider the sequence of topological subspace inclusions
*xX. \emptyset \hookrightarrow * \stackrel{x}{\hookrightarrow} X \,.
By the discussion at Relative homology - long exact sequences this induces a long exact sequence of the form
H n+1(*)H n+1(X)H n+1(X,*)H n(*)H n(X)H n(X,*)H 1(X)H 1(X,*)H 0(*)H 0(x)H 0(X)H n(X,*)0. \cdots \to H_{n+1}(*) \to H_{n+1}(X) \to H_{n+1}(X,*) \to H_n(*) \to H_n(X) \to H_n(X,*) \to \cdots \to H_1(X) \to H_1(X,*) \to H_0(*) \stackrel{H_0(x)}{\to} H_0(X) \to H_n(X,*) \to 0 \,.
Here in positive degrees we have H n(*)0H_n(*) \simeq 0 and therefore exactness gives isomorphisms
H n(X)H n(X,*) n1 H_n(X) \stackrel{\simeq}{\to} H_n(X,*)\;\; \forall_{n \geq 1}
and hence with prop. isomorphisms
H˜ n(X)H n(X,*) n1. \tilde H_n(X) \stackrel{\simeq}{\to} H_n(X,*)\;\; \forall_{n \geq 1} \,.
It remains to deal with the case in degree 0. To that end, observe that H 0(x):H 0(*)H 0(X)H_0(x) \colon H_0(*) \to H_0(X) is a monomorphism: for this notice that we have a commuting diagram
H 0(*) id H 0(*) H 0(x) H 0(f) H 0(ϵ) H 0(X) H 0(ϵ) , \array{ H_0(*) &\stackrel{id}{\to}& H_0(*) \\ {}^


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I'm just going through the original book by Anosov, where he tries to proof this result. I don't quite understand it.
So let $\phi_t:TM\rightarrow TM$ be a geodesic flow on a compact surface $M$ of negative curvature. Let $\theta=(x,v)\in TM$, then there exists an isomorphism $T_\theta TM\cong T_pM\oplus T_pM$
So how can we find stable and unstable directions and show that vectors in this direction contract or expand exponentially, as it is required by an Anosov flow?
First of all, I understand that the direction of the flow itself is invariant and the phase velocity stays constant there. Then I have also understood that a vector $\xi=(\xi_h,\xi_ v)\in T_pM\oplus T_pM$, that is transversal to the flow direction will have a length that is convex for all $t$, i.e. \begin{equation} \frac{d^2}{dt^2}\Big|\;\xi\;\Big|^2>0 \end{equation}
But how do we conclude the existence of contracting and expanding directions from this?
What is your approach? Sometimes I have seen people using Jacobi fields. But I don't know how to do that?
Thanks in advance
btw. do you know how to show that the geodesic flow on $M$, as above, has no conjugate points?
share|improve this question
Hey, I thought I should let you know that I figured it out. I'll post an explanation, once I get around to it. – Leo Apr 28 '13 at 14:21
I am stuck on the same exact problem. Could you please post what you figured out, or tell me where to look? – Krishnan Mody Jun 12 at 15:12
Hi Krishnan, sory for the late response. It was clear at the time, but now I am not in this field anymore and I can't recall the argument unfortunately. I can look at the work if i find it and let you know. – Leo Jun 20 at 11:37
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
ACEC Texas Awards Gold Medal to LAN for SARA Water Quality Modeling Tool Development Project
December 11, 2015
(HOUSTON – Dec. 10, 2015) The American Council of Engineering Companies (ACEC) Texas awarded civil engineering firm Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam, Inc. (LAN) a gold medal for its work on the San Antonio River Authority (SARA) Water Quality Modeling Tool Development project. The award, given under the Studies, Research and Consulting Engineering Services category, will be presented during the ACEC Texas Engineering Excellence Awards Gala at the La Cantera Resort in San Antonio on March 21, 2016.
The Engineering Excellence Awards Competition has been held by the American Council of Engineering Companies of Texas since its inception in 1975 to honor and recognize outstanding achievements within the engineering community. A panel of judges around the state select projects based on innovation, future value to the engineering profession, social and economic considerations, complexity and exceeding the client's needs.
In recent years, selection and implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and low-impact development (LID) strategies to address urban runoff pollution have become important components of holistic watershed master planning and stormwater management. However, these strategies have been limited to qualitative planning due to the lack of suitable tools to conduct quantitative assessment. As a result, the effectiveness of the BMP/LID practices could only rely on follow-up long-term monitoring to verify, and there is in general a lack of planning effort prior to implementing BMPs or LID.
To help address these issues and support compliance with increasing water quality regulations, professional engineers with SARA, LAN and software developers with AQUA TERRA Consultants created a number of innovative water quality modeling tools to allow quantitative water quality master planning and BMP/LID prioritization for three major water sheds in the San Antonio River Basin: Salado Creek, Leon Creek, and Upper San Antonio River watersheds.
Under the sponsorship and direction of SARA, the LAN team conducted the following main tasks:
- Authored a "SARA Water Quality Modeling Standards" document to ensure consistency in the development, calibration, and validation of water quality models;
- Developed and calibrated dynamic water quality models to identify impaired water bodies (locations, timing, and constituents);
- Developed and tested a SARA Load Reduction Tool to determine percent load reductions needed to achieve selected screening levels for each of the modeled constituents on a sub-basin basis;
- Developed and tested a SARA Enhanced BMP Tool to determine the optimal (minimal cost) combination of the types and numbers of BMPs and LID units needed to achieve the required load reductions.
"The models and tools developed are on the cutting edge of the water quality modeling profession nationwide," said Dr. Yu-Chun Su, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering technical director for LAN. "These tools provide water authorities and stormwater professionals around the country a new and more effective way to address water quality issues in their communities."
Using these SARA models and tools, water quality agencies and stormwater professionals can now determine the optimal combinations of BMPs/LID to accomplish their goals and save substantial stormwater infrastructure and management costs.
Furthermore, the results from these models could potentially help the Environmental Protection Agency and state agencies to determine BMPs/LID needed to delist many impaired water bodies around the country (or if delisting is possible or not using BMPs/LID strategies alone).
In the long run, applying these models and tools will enable water authorities and stormwater professionals to effectively manage stormwater runoffs as close as possible to the source, thereby creating more sustainable watersheds, improving public health and quality of life, enhancing natural habitats, supporting public recreation as well as boosting the local economy.


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The remains of Capernaum of the New Testament are located on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee.
Where was biblical Capernaum located?
Capernaum, Douai Capharnaum, modern Kefar Naḥum, ancient city on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee, Israel. It was Jesus' second home and, during the period of his life, a garrison town, an administrative centre, and a customs station.
What kind of city was Capernaum?
In Biblical times Capernaum was one of the main trading villages in the Gennesaret area. It was a vibrant and prosperous part of Palestine, home to about 1,500 people many of whom were fishermen. Many travelers, caravans, and traders passed through Capernaum on the Via Maris.
What is significant about Capernaum in the Bible?
According to Luke 7:1–10 and Matthew 8:5, this is also the place where Jesus healed the servant of a Roman centurion who had asked for his help. Capernaum is also the location of the healing of the paralytic lowered by friends through the roof to reach Jesus, as reported in Mark 2:1–12 and Luke 5:17–26.
Where is Capernaum in relation to Nazareth?
When we consider the location of Jesus' hometown, we generally think of Nazareth. However, the biblical record indicates that, after being driven out of Nazareth (Luke 4:29-31), Jesus relocated to the town of Capernaum (located on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee) for the period of his earthly ministry.
Does chorazin still exist?
The only synagogue visible today was built in the late 3rd century, destroyed in the 4th century, and rebuilt in the 6th century. The large, impressive synagogue which was built of basalt stones and decorated with Jewish motifs is the most striking of the surviving structures.
What does the name Capernaum mean?
In Biblical Names the meaning of the name Capernaum is: The field of repentance, City of comfort.
How many times is Capernaum mentioned in the New Testament?
Capernaum is mentioned more than fifty times in the New Testament, making it the most-mentioned place after Jerusalem. The teachings, allegories and preaching of Jesus originate in this area – he speaks of water, ships, fish and fishermen.
Where is Galilee today?
Where Is Galilee? Galilee is in northern Palestine, between the Litani River in modern-day Lebanon and the Jezreel Valley of modern-day Israel.
Is Capernaum a true story?
Director Nadine Labaki on the Real Stories Behind Her Oscar-nominated Movie Capernaum. In Capernaum, her latest film, Nadine Labaki, the Lebanese actor and director tells the story of the Syrian refugee crisis in Lebanon through the eyes of a young Syrian boy living in a Beirut slum.
What did Jesus do when he went to Capernaum?
They went to Capernaum, and when the Sabbath came, Jesus went into the synagogue and began to teach. The people were amazed at his teaching, because he taught them as one who had authority, not as the teachers of the law.
Where did Jesus go after Capernaum?
After these events, a good portion of the gospel narratives deal with Jesus' final journey to Jerusalem through Perea and Judea. As Jesus travels towards Jerusalem through Perea he returns to the area where he was baptized.
Why was Capernaum exalted to heaven?
Analysis. Lapide points out that Capernaum has become exalted by Jesus' miracles and doctrine and preaching, not its wealth and prosperity. However for not receiving Jesus, they will be brought down to Hades, which the KJV renders as 'hell' while the NIV gives 'depths.
How long did it take Jesus to walk from Capernaum to Nazareth?
Sections of the trail
The geography and distances involved naturally allow the Jesus Trail to be walked as a series of day-hikes for a total of four days, with each day's hike being between 13 and 19 km (8 to 12 mi) in length.
What was the Red quarter in Capernaum?
By noting how Mary is in the "Red Quarter", The Chosen is implying that she is a prostitute. The Bible never suggests Mary Magdalene was a prostitute. However, some biblical interpreters mistakenly labeled her as such because the story before Luke 8 is about a prostitute being forgiven.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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A Strange Spider, the Vegetarian Bagheera kiplingi
Updated on March 12, 2013
Bagheera kiplingi munching down on a beltian body.
Bagheera kiplingi munching down on a beltian body. | Source
Bagheera kiplingi
Family: SALTICIDAE
This is the story of a remarkable spider that feeds almost entirely on plant material. The scientific name of this spider is Bagheera kiplingi, a type of jumping spider (Family Salticidae).
The genus name Bagheera is named after the character Bagheera, the black panther from The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling. The species name kiplingi is named after Kipling himself.
It is native to Central America including Costa Rica, Guatemala and Mexico and is only about half a centimeter long.
Males and females of Bagheera kiplingi have different colouration. Males have amber legs, a dark greenish body and a slender reddish abdomen with green lines. Females have amber front legs but their other legs are light yellow and more slender those of the males. The females also have a reddish-brown body and a large light-brown abdomen with dark brown and green markings.
Out of the around 40,000 known spider species on planet earth, Bagheera kiplingi is the only one known to be predominatly vegetarian (some other spiders will supplement their diet with nectar or pollen from flowers, but are mainly carnivorous).
It feeds on the protein and fat-rich beltian bodies on the leaf tips of acacia plants. The beltian bodies are normally there to provide a food source for ants that in turn guard the tree against critters that want to eat it. The ants build nests within the hollow spines of the acacia trees, ready to swarm anything feeding upon it at a moments notice.
The spiders spend most of their time on the tips of old leaves that the ants have already harvested all the beltian bodies from and no longer guard. When the spider decides it wants to feast on some fresh beltian bodies it runs towards the new leaves, dodging and jumping over ants along the way.
The spiders have good vision which they use to determine the best route of approach to the beltain bodies, encountering the smallest number of ants possible along the way.
Once they reach the beltian bodies, they bite one of them off and holding it in their mouth they retreat back to the safety of the old leaf tips. They are then free to feast on their prize without disturbance.
So how on Earth does a spider end up being mostly vegetarian you ask? Well jumping spiders do not build webs and are active hunters of their prey. Beltian bodies have no ability to escape (as part of the immobile leaves) and are on the tips of every new leaf and thus the spider has to expend little energy to collect them. The Acacia also produces new leaves all year round so the beltian bodies are a reliable, consistent source of food.
In nature there is always competition for limited resources, this spider obviously has a niche it can do well in and has no problem competing with the ants.
This spider also has a more sinister side, while about 90% of their diet consists of these Beltian bodies they will also feed on nectar and will sometimes even steal ant larvae carried by passing ants. Occasionally if they're really desperate they'll even canabalise other Bagheera kiplingi.
It also appears that the amount of vegetation in their diets depends on where they live, Mexican Bagheera kiplingi tend to be more herbivorous than Costa Rican Bagheera kiplingi.
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What's vibration detector (shock sensor) how it works?
The sensor for vibration detection is a vibration detector (or shock sensor), the detector must have a mechanical displacement to generate the alarm signal; vibration detection equipment is not only best suitable for file cabinets, vaults, strongrooms, safes and Automated Teller Machines (ATM), confidential protection special objects, but also suitable for other systems in combination, to prevent intruders break in from wall. How to use the vibration detector in correct application is very important. It is often used to provide protection in a special object where protected area that with staff's activities.
There are two major detection methods for vibration detector; the one is mechanical detection, it works as a ON/OFF switch using the mechanical movement of metal contact, the other is acoustic sound detection. Compare to acoustic sound detection, adopts mechanical detection vibration detector only detect the true physic vibration with low false alarm. The vibration detector that is based on acoustic sound detection (with microphone), it may trigger false alarm by high noise from car, thunder in summer.
1. There are different types of vibration detectors according to the application or protection objects.
a. Building Vibration Intrusion Detector
The detector can detect the mechanical vibration (shock) from the wall, and send alarm signal to alarm system.
b. Geosound vibration intrusion Detector
The detector can detect the vibration caused by pedestrains or vehicles on the ground.
c. Safe Vibration Intrusion Detector
The detector detects the vibation cased by the hit or abnormal open of the safes.
2. Typically most of vibration detectors with NC (Normal Close) output for alarm connection. The connection for vibration detector to alarm system is simple, you may need to connect the EOL resistor in series between detectors and zones (alarm system).
3. Tips on installation the vibration detector
- Vibration detectors is used for detection of intrusion for vaults, strongrooms and Automated Teller Machines (ATM's).
- When install the vibration detector on the wall of room, then the installation height should be 2-2.4 meter from ground, The device need to install in dry environment.
- When place the vibration detector underground, the depth should be 10cm.
- Installation should avoid the places where there is vibration souces ( motors, transformer, fan, air-conditioner).
- Do not install the device where with RF interference.
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It is the dream of every parent to leave a legacy for their children.
But in the hardscrabble business of feeding people, birthright often morphs into burden along the way.
The kids who grew up taking carryout orders while doing homework assignments from behind the host stand know too well the sheer amount of human will and personal sacrifice it takes to run a restaurant.
It's one reason so many longtime Chinese carryout spots are closing up in metro Detroit and elsewhere around the country; the kids know better than to go into the family business.
The restaurant industry has only grown more challenging in recent years, as costs increased, technology evolved, dining habits changed and the act of cooking food for others rose in cultural status, in effect drawing much-needed attention and scrutiny to an industry long out of balance.
Leila is the 2020 Restaurant of the Year
Mark Kurlyandchik, Detroit Free Press
But who better to adapt to the new order than the rare someone reared in the business who chooses to persevere despite everything? Someone who's learned from both the successes and failures of the previous generation, who's seen all of the industry's challenges and heartbreaks up close but still has the courage to say, "bring it on."
Though few and far between, this new crop of second-generation restaurateurs and chefs — often the children of immigrants — are taking all they've learned from their parents and writing their own uniquely American stories onto a palimpsest of family tradition and culture, updated to fit modern tastes and trends.
That's precisely the story of Samy Eid, whose father, Sameer, is among Michigan's longest-serving Lebanese restaurateurs — a forerunner of Middle Eastern food in metro Detroit for almost 50 years.
The long-gone Sheik restaurant is often credited for introducing Lebanese food to Detroiters in 1936, but Sameer Eid made quite a name for himself and his Phoenicia restaurant after buying a rundown Highland Park diner in 1971 on a whim for $5700.
The Sheik closed more than 30 years ago, while Phoenicia continues to pack 'em in for big spreads of hummus and smoky baba ganoush, the best tabbouleh in town and those famously crispy baby back ribs, served out of a swanky white tablecloth joint on the outskirts of downtown Birmingham, where the restaurant's been since relocating in the early '80s. (Phoenicia was our first-ever selection as Free Press/ Metro Detroit Chevy Dealers Restaurant of the Year Classic two years ago.)
"You have to understand, if you're a married person, your wife is the restaurant and you have a mistress at home," Sameer told me when I first asked him the secret to his success a few years back.
The sprightly 80-year-old still takes regular pre-dawn trips down to the Detroit Produce Terminal to choose ingredients for his restaurant, but it's his son who has run the day-to-day business at Phoenicia for the last 16 years, as well as the contemporary Mediterranean restaurant Forest since 2015.
And with the recent opening of the family's third restaurant, Samy has taken the biggest step yet out of his father's shadow — by honoring Sameer's so-called mistress, his wife Leila.
"My dad started Phoenicia almost 50 years ago," Samy, 39, said. "And he's been successful, very blessed, very lucky. But the one thing that has kind of been a constant light and a guiding (force) throughout has been my mom. ... She was the glue that kind of held it all together. What better way to pay homage to what's made us successful?"
Inspired by his mother's casual Sunday feasts, Samy opened Leila on Detroit's Capitol Park at the end of October as a love letter to the Eid matriarch and her warm Lebanese hospitality.
Named for his mom while evoking her easy elegance and Old World charm, Leila sits at the crossroads of two of America's most exciting dining trends: second-generation restaurateurs coming into their own and diners' growing enchantment with Middle Eastern cuisine.
It's been a little strange to watch national media heap praise and accolades on Middle Eastern restaurants in places like Philadelphia, New Orleans, and Oakland, Calif., when we know that metro Detroit — from Dearborn to Sterling Heights and beyond — is the real American mecca of Arab cuisine. Sure, stalwarts alongside Phoenicia like Al Ameer and Shatila have received their share of attention in recent years, but they're always positioned as antique artifacts, not exactly hallmarks of modern dining.
Enter: Leila, which confidently stepped into the latter role upon opening, quickly becoming Detroit's pinnacle of modern Lebanese cuisine in one of the city's most visible historic quarters. Leila serves best-in-class versions of food that's both familiar to and emblematic of the region, while exuding a grace and elegance that defies a large, high-volume restaurant.
This is why Leila is the 2020 Detroit Free Press/Metro Detroit Chevy Dealers Restaurant of the Year.
The soul of Lebanese dining
Lebanese hospitality is marked by generosity and overflowing abundance, perhaps best exemplified by the mezze that makes up so much of the typical meal — a series of small dishes filling the table with as many plates as it can hold. Shuffling them to make room is a necessary part of the pageantry of any given meal, which can stretch across hours, especially when aided by perspiring glasses of cloudy arak, the potent anise-flavored Lebanese spirit commonly consumed with mezze.
That's the conceit at Leila, too, with half its menu made up of cold and hot mezze, simple dishes made of just a few ingredients designed to be shared among the table.
At Phoenicia, the hummus has always been overshadowed by the superior baba ganoush, but at Leila I can't not order a creamy bowl of the well-seasoned cloud of chickpea spread. There are no cutting-edge embellishments here, just a quality version of a traditional dish, arriving at the table with its central crater full of whole chickpeas in a pool of high quality Lebanese olive oil.
Cold mezze choices also include a verdant tabbouleh, bright from ample lemon juice, and a kibbeh niyee made from ground American lamb leg sparked with a pinch of cayenne and baharat, the Lebanese seven spice blend of coriander, allspice, nutmeg and more. You'd think a dish this simple — ground raw lamb with cracked wheat and spices — would taste roughly the same no matter where you have it, but that couldn't be further from the truth. There are as many different ways to prepare kibbeh niyee as there are cedar trees in Lebanon. Leila's employs less bulgur than what you'll typically find around town, offering a lighter mouthfeel that lets the fresh meat and its seasonings shine. For as much as I've eaten Leila's kibbeh niyee, I've built up little immunity to its charms. I can't help but order it every time.
Leila's fattoush is another requisite order, done in the style of the real Leila's salads at home. Its lettuce, radish, tomato, cucumber, onion and fried pita chips are all diced finely — akin to a fattoush chop salad — and covered in earthy, herbaceous za'atar and garlic, lemon juice, and olive oil. Leila also goes heavy on the pomegranate molasses, a slightly floral juice that's been reduced with sugar to a syrupy consistency. It's red fruit notes tend to have the final say.
And though Samy is quick to point out that Leila is not intended to be Phoenicia — and that getting out of its shadow is daunting — he couldn't not include the older restaurant's famous baby back ribs, another untraditional dish for a Lebanese restaurant.
When Sameer immigrated to the U.S. in 1961, he first landed in northern Texas and then Oklahoma City, where his cousin was an AM radio disc jockey. During his brief stint in the American south, Sameer fell in love with barbecue. Decades later, unhappy with the barbecue scene in metro Detroit, he decided to cook his own baby back ribs for his wife and kids at Phoenicia. When a regular spotted them eating them in the dining room, he asked for them, too, and today they remain the most popular item on the Birmingham restaurant's menu.
They're faithfully recreated at Leila, beginning with ultra-lean baby back ribs from the small side of the rack. They're first broiled, then cooled, brined in a white vinegar-based sauce turned red from house spices, and then broiled again and finished with a generous dusting of those spices. The result is a chewy rib with ample crispness and a smoky, subtly spicy bite from the rub. (For an even more amplified textural experience with maximum crunch, order them "Samy-style".)
The ribs are part of the entree selection, but I like to order them alongside more traditional hot mezze like the plump Lebanese sausages called makanek, little fat thumbs of coriander-spiced ground lamb meat


_USER_{RAS:SourceID:8429, abstract = {This paper deals with the faunistic study of 27 species of sponges collected off Namibia during different Spanish expeditions. Most of the species are described and some taxonomic aspects are also considered. The name P. levi is proposed for the southern African specIes P. atlantica Levi, since this latter name has already been used for a North Atlantic species (Stephens 1917).}, author = {Uriz, M.J.}, journal = { Publications of the Sherkin Island Marine Station}, note = {Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Atlanto-Mediterranean Sponge Taxonomy}, pages = {54-73}, title = {Sponges from the south-west of Africa: description of species. In: Jones WC (ed) European contributions to the taxonomy of sponges.}, url = {_URL_ volume = {1}, year = {1987} }


text:
PENINGKATAN MINAT BACA DAN LITERASI INFORMASI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM UNGGULAN PERPUSTAKAAN UMUM DI BALI
This research is a part of a research entitled "The Role of Public Libraries for the Society (Case Study of Public Libraries in Bali). This study examines the efforts of public libraries in Bali in improving literacy and literacy skills of public information through various programs developed by each district public library. The research method used in this research is qualitative research, where data is collected through interviews with librarians and staff in public libraries. the results of the research indicate that each district / municipal public library has excellent programs to increase reading interest of the community as well as improving the information literacy skills of the community. Some of the leading programs developed include: mobile services, story telling, inter-library loan, ancient manuscripts, and special services. Implementation of the leading program by the public library aims to make the library as a public space where people can meet each other and share knowledge.


text:
Teaching Matters 2017 | Presentation Details | 28 NovemberNov 2017
Blended delivery of Seafarer competency courses: making the concept a reality through modern technologies and learning tools
Gamini Lokuketagoda, Australian Maritime College
Dev Ranmuthugala, Australian Maritime College
Shantha Jayasinghe, Australian Maritime College
Innovative Teaching for Successful Graduates
Social Sciences 211
Maritime Education and Training (MET) is relatively complex compared to traditional education and training systems mainly due to space and time constraints experienced by seafarers. In addition, the diversity of the seafarers' educational backgrounds, field experience, and competence make MET even more challenging. Therefore, the traditional fixed-term, face-to-face delivery in university based education systems is not always the most suited for seafarers to develop their knowledge and competence to meet the needs of the maritime industry.
With the advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) distance learning, especially targeting seafarers at sea is becoming an attractive alternative in MET. In recent times, advanced software programs, simulation tools, and associated hardware enable multi-mode distance learning options ranging from passive delivery of material to interactive audio-visual sessions. These tools have enabled education institutions to package and deliver a range of programmes, including those traditionally considered as 'must attend' within regulated Certificate of Competency courses, thus providing the flexibility that complements the life style of modern seafarers, as well as effectively promoting self-directed and self-paced learning.
These advantages come with challenges such as the extensive efforts required in the development of content, appropriate facilities, suitable assessment strategies, and channels of communication and feedback. The location and time separation between the instructors and students often hinders effective communication, which can be exacerbated if appropriate support is not arranged in advance with the ship owners and operators for the deployment and continuation of distance delivery programmes. These challenges need careful handling to ensure distance delivery of International Maritime Organisation (IMO), Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) competence courses becomes a reality.
An example, specific to the Australian context, on the successful delivery of distance learning is the Math-Primer programme developed by the author that uses modern ICT facilities to prepare students with the necessary background in mathematics irrespective of their location or educational background. This innovative programme has grown in popularity across disciplines, with evidence clearly showing significant improvement of student competence and satisfaction. This paper outlines how the author effectively used modern ICT to develop and deliver this programme through a blended delivery mode. In addition, lessons learnt in implementing this programme, associated challenges, possible solutions and expansion for future in to other areas of education are also discussed.


text:
Neptune's Domain: Discovering the Seas in Roman Myth
Neptune, the Roman god of the sea, holds a significant place in Roman mythology and religion. The sea played a crucial role in the lives of the Romans, as it was a source of sustenance, commerce, and exploration. This article delves into the various aspects of Neptune's domain in Roman myth, including his role, beliefs, rituals, relationships with other gods, and his influence on Roman society and naval power. Furthermore, it explores Neptune's power and attributes, stories and legends surrounding him, as well as his depiction in Roman art and architecture. Additionally, the article addresses Neptune's festivals, celebrations, and his impact on Roman seafaring and trade.
Neptune: The Roman God of the Sea
In Roman mythology, Neptune is considered the god of the sea, rivers, and all bodies of water. He is often depicted as a bearded middle-aged man with a majestic trident, symbolizing his power over the seas. The Romans believed that Neptune had the ability to calm or stir the waters, making him an essential deity for sailors and seafarers. As the brother of Jupiter and Pluto, Neptune is part of the powerful triumvirate ruling over the heavens, the underworld, and the sea.
The Importance of the Sea in Roman Mythology
The sea held immense significance in Roman mythology due to its role in providing sustenance, transportation, and trade opportunities. Romans relied heavily on the sea for fishing, as it provided a vital source of food for the growing population. Moreover, the sea served as a means of transportation, connecting different regions of the vast Roman Empire. It facilitated trade, military expeditions, and exploration, making it an integral part of Roman society.
Roman Beliefs and Rituals surrounding Neptune
Romans held deep reverence for Neptune, as they believed he controlled the unpredictable and mighty seas. To appease him and ensure safe passage, sailors and seafarers performed rituals and offerings in his honor. These included sacrifices of animals, prayers, and libations, all aimed at gaining Neptune's favor and protection during their journeys. Additionally, the Romans built numerous temples dedicated to Neptune, where rituals were conducted regularly.
Neptune's Role in Roman Society and Religion
As the god of the sea, Neptune played a vital role in the daily lives of Romans. His influence extended beyond the realm of seafaring, as he was also associated with freshwater sources, such as rivers and springs. Romans believed that Neptune's benevolence or wrath could impact their agricultural activities, as he controlled the ebb and flow of rivers, which were crucial for irrigation. In Roman religion, Neptune was often invoked for his protection, blessings, and abundance.
The Powers and Attributes of Neptune
Neptune possessed a range of powers and attributes associated with his dominion over the sea. As the wielder of the trident, he had control over the waves, storms, and currents. Neptune was also believed to have the ability to create earthquakes, as the shifting of tectonic plates beneath the oceans was associated with his realm. His immense power over the sea made him a fearsome god, capable of both great benevolence and destructive fury.
Stories and Legends about Neptune in Roman Mythology
Roman mythology is replete with stories and legends featuring Neptune. One of the most famous tales is the birth of Venus, the goddess of love and beauty. According to the myth, Venus emerged from the sea foam created when Saturn, Neptune's father, castrated his own father, Uranus. Another well-known story is that of Neptune and Amymone, where Neptune saves the princess Amymone from a satyr by creating a freshwater spring with his trident.
Neptune and the Creation of the Seas
In Roman mythology, Neptune played a significant role in the creation of the seas. According to one myth, Neptune and his brothers, Jupiter and Pluto, divided the realms of the universe among themselves. Neptune received dominion over the seas, while Jupiter became the ruler of the heavens and Pluto took control of the underworld. This division of power symbolized the close association between Neptune and the seas.
Neptune's Relationships with Other Gods and Goddesses
Neptune's relationships with other gods and goddesses were often marked by both cooperation and conflict. Being the brother of Jupiter and Pluto, he was part of a powerful triumvirate ruling over different realms. Neptune maintained a close bond with his brother Jupiter, and together they presided over the affairs of the gods. However, Neptune's relationship with other sea deities, such as Triton, the son of Neptune and messenger of the sea, was more harmonious.
Depictions of Neptune in Roman Art and Architecture
Neptune's importance in Roman culture is evident in the many artistic depictions found throughout the empire. In sculptures, mosaics, and frescoes, Neptune is often portrayed as a regal figure with a flowing beard, holding his trident. These representations emphasize his power and authority over the seas. Furthermore, Neptune's image frequently appears in Roman coins, further solidifying his role as a significant deity in Roman society.
Neptune's Festivals and Celebrations in Ancient Rome
To honor Neptune, the Romans held festivals and celebrations dedicated to him. One of the most prominent was the Neptunalia, a celebration held in July during the hottest time of the year. During this festival, Romans would participate in processions, make offerings, and engage in various festivities, including games and feasts. The Neptunalia provided an opportunity for the Romans to express their gratitude to Neptune and seek his protection.
Neptune's Influence on Roman Naval Power
Neptune's association with the sea had a profound impact on Roman naval power. The Romans, recognizing the importance of naval supremacy, believed that Neptune's favor was instrumental in ensuring victory in naval battles. As a result, they often dedicated their naval campaigns and ships to Neptune, seeking his protection and assistance. This belief in Neptune's influence on naval power further solidified his position as a revered deity in Roman society.
Exploring Neptune's Domain: Roman Seafaring and Trade
Neptune's domain extended beyond mythology and religion into the practical realms of seafaring and trade. The Romans were skilled sailors and traders, utilizing the vast network of seas and rivers within their empire. They built a formidable navy, which allowed them to expand their influence and engage in extensive maritime trade routes. Neptune's association with the seas and his status as the god of seafarers played a crucial role in inspiring confidence and success in Roman maritime endeavors.
Neptune's domain as the Roman god of the sea held immense importance in Roman mythology, religion, and society. The sea, with its abundant resources and opportunities for trade and exploration, shaped the lives of the Romans. Neptune, with his powers, attributes, and legends, symbolized the unpredictable yet vital nature of the seas. His festivals, depictions in art and architecture, as well as his influence on Roman naval power and seafaring, further highlight the significance of Neptune in Roman culture. Through Neptune, the Romans found solace, protection, and prosperity within the expansive domain of the sea.
AMAZING SPIRITUALITY PROGRAMS
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text:
The challenge: Emergency wards are overcrowded
Emergency departments are increasingly overcrowded and can struggle to respond to day-to-day arrivals in a timely manner.
Most hospitals would currently have difficulty meeting the four-hour National Emergency Access Target set by the Australian Government in its 2012 MyHospitals report.
Contrary to conventional wisdom that emergency patient volumes are unpredictable, we have found that the number of admissions per day can be predicted with remarkable accuracy.
Our response: Developing tools to predict hospital demands
Hospital patient admission prediction tool: Dr James Lind describes how this tool helps hospitals manage patient load.
We have developed new software tools to accurately forecast demand and help ensure access to emergency care and a hospital bed.
These tools use a hospital's historical data to provide an accurate prediction of the expected patient load, their medical urgency and specialty, and how many will be admitted and discharged.
We are investigating how they can be used to help an entire hospital run more smoothly and efficiently, from reducing 'bed block' in emergency departments to minimising waiting time for elective surgery.
The first technology is called the Patient Admission and Prediction Tool (PAPT) and was developed at our Australian eHealth Research Centre in partnership with Queensland Health, Griffith University and Queensland University of Technology.
We are extending PAPT to predict diseases such as influenza and the hospital admissions of patients with chronic diseases.
Demand Prediction Analysis Tool is our second prediction technology and an adaptation of PAPT. It is being trialled in Victoria for the first time through the Victorian Government Technology Innovation Fund.
The results: Improving health outcomes
The tools have been shown to have a 90 per cent accuracy rate in forecasting bed demand. If the entire country was to adopt prediction tools like this, a huge $23 million in annual savings could be made across Australia.
PAPT is being used by more than 30 Queensland hospitals to assist with:
- bed management
- staff resourcing
- scheduling of elective surgery.
For patients the system has delivered improved health outcomes such as:
- timely delivery of emergency care
- improved quality of care
- less time spent in hospital.
PAPT also received the 2012 CeBIT Business Award for Innovation.


text:
Top 10 surnames factsSurnames quiz
In which country are the following surnames very common: "unbeatable", "rock", "iron", "falcon", "steel" and "thunderbolt"?
Turkey. These warrior-like surnames are at positions 2-7. The most common surname in Turkey is Öztürk, meaning "pure Turk".
Where was Leonardo da Vinci born?
In Vinci. Leonardo da Vinci was born on 15 April 1452, in a farmhouse about 3 kilometers from the town of Vinci, near Florence. His full name was "Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci", which means "Leonardo, son of Piero, of Vinci".
In which European country does the most common surname come from the word for "priest"?
In Romania. Such an occupational surname could have been passed to following generations only in areas dominated by the Orthodox church, where priests are allowed to marry and have children. Popescu is the most common surname in Romania.
Which surname is very common among Thais?
None. There are no common Thai surnames. Surnames were largely introduced to Thai culture only by the 1913 Surname Act. Under Thai law, only one family can use any given surname: any two people of the same surname must be related, and it is very rare for two people to share the same full name.
In which country, all of the ten most common surnames are occupational (like Smith)?
Germany. Top 10 surnames in Germany are: Müller (miller), Schmidt (blacksmith), Schneider (tailor), Fischer (fisher), Meyer (farmer), Weber (weaver), Schulz (constable), Wagner (wainwright), Becker (baker) and Hoffmann (man of the court).
What is the most common surname in Vietnam?
Nguyen. Approximately forty percent of Vietnamese people have this surname. Many events in Vietnamese history contributed to the name's prominence. The Nguyễn Dynasty awarded many people the surname Nguyễn during their rule, and many criminals also changed their surname to Nguyễn to avoid prosecution.
What does the common Arabic name (or surname) 'Abdullah' literally mean?
"servant of God". Abdullah or Abdallah is built from the Arabic words Abd (servant) and Allah. Since both Torah and Christian Bible use word 'Allah' for God in their Arabic translations, the name Abdullah is also common among Jews and Christians living in the Arab countries.
What is Barack Obama's Middle name?
Hussein. Barack Hussein Obama II is named after his father, Barack Hussein Obama, Sr. Hussein is a commonly given Arabic name which is the diminutive of Hassan, meaning "good", "handsome" or "beautiful". Hussein is also a surname of the royal family in Jordan.
What was the birth name of Bob Dylan?
Robert Allen Zimmerman. Bob Dylan was born as Robert Allen Zimmerman in 1941 in a Jewish family in Duluth, Minnesota. He adopted the stage name "Bob Dylan" influenced by poems by Dylan Thomas. In August 1962 he legally changed his name to Robert Dylan.


Enumerable.GroupJoin<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult> Method (IEnumerable<TOuter>, IEnumerable<TInner>, Func<TOuter, TKey>, Func<TInner, TKey>, Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult>)
Correlates the elements of two sequences based on equality of keys and groups the results. The default equality comparer is used to compare keys.
Namespace: System.Linq
Assembly: System.Core (in System.Core.dll)
public static IEnumerable<TResult> GroupJoin<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult>(
 this IEnumerable<TOuter> outer,
 IEnumerable<TInner> inner,
 Func<TOuter, TKey> outerKeySelector,
 Func<TInner, TKey> innerKeySelector,
 Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult> resultSelector
)
Type Parameters
TOuter
The type of the elements of the first sequence.
TInner
The type of the elements of the second sequence.
TKey
The type of the keys returned by the key selector functions.
TResult
The type of the result elements.
Parameters
outer
Type: System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TOuter>
The first sequence to join.
inner
Type: System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TInner>
The sequence to join to the first sequence.
outerKeySelector
Type: System.Func<TOuter, TKey>
A function to extract the join key from each element of the first sequence.
innerKeySelector
Type: System.Func<TInner, TKey>
A function to extract the join key from each element of the second sequence.
resultSelector
Type: System.Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult>
A function to create a result element from an element from the first sequence and a collection of matching elements from the second sequence.
Return Value
Type: System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TResult>
An IEnumerable<T> that contains elements of type TResult that are obtained by performing a grouped join on two sequences.
Usage Note
In Visual Basic and C#, you can call this method as an instance method on any object of type IEnumerable<TOuter>. When you use instance method syntax to call this method, omit the first parameter.
ExceptionCondition
ArgumentNullException
outer or inner or outerKeySelector or innerKeySelector or resultSelector is null.
This method is implemented by using deferred execution. The immediate return value is an object that stores all the information that is required to perform the action. The query represented by this method is not executed until the object is enumerated either by calling its GetEnumerator method directly or by using foreach in Visual C# or For Each in Visual Basic.
The default equality comparer, Default, is used to hash and compare keys.
GroupJoin produces hierarchical results, which means that elements from outer are paired with collections of matching elements from inner. GroupJoin enables you to base your results on a whole set of matches for each element of outer.
NoteNote:
If there are no correlated elements in inner for a given element of outer, the sequence of matches for that element will be empty but will still appear in the results.
The resultSelector function is called only one time for each outer element together with a collection of all the inner elements that match the outer element. This differs from the Join method, in which the result selector function is invoked on pairs that contain one element from outer and one element from inner.
GroupJoin preserves the order of the elements of outer, and for each element of outer, the order of the matching elements from inner.
GroupJoin has no direct equivalent in traditional relational database terms. However, this method does implement a superset of inner joins and left outer joins. Both of these operations can be written in terms of a grouped join.
In query expression syntax, a join … into (Visual C#) or Group Join (Visual Basic) clause translates to an invocation of GroupJoin.
The following code example demonstrates how to use GroupJoin<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult>(IEnumerable<TOuter>, IEnumerable<TInner>, Func<TOuter, TKey>, Func<TInner, TKey>, Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult>) to perform a grouped join on two sequences.
 class Person
 {
 public string Name { get; set; }
 }
 class Pet
 {
 public string Name { get; set; }
 public Person Owner { get; set; }
 }
 public static void GroupJoinEx1()
 {
 Person magnus = new Person { Name = "Hedlund, Magnus" };
 Person terry = new Person { Name = "Adams, Terry" };
 Person charlotte = new Person { Name = "Weiss, Charlotte" };
 Pet barley = new Pet { Name = "Barley", Owner = terry };
 Pet boots = new Pet { Name = "Boots", Owner = terry };
 Pet whiskers = new Pet { Name = "Whiskers", Owner = charlotte };
 Pet daisy = new Pet { Name = "Daisy", Owner = magnus };
 List<Person> people = new List<Person> { magnus, terry, charlotte };
 List<Pet> pets = new List<Pet> { barley, boots, whiskers, daisy };
 // Create a list where each element is an anonymous
 // type that contains a person's name and
 // a collection of names of the pets they own.
 var query =
 people.GroupJoin(pets,
 person => person,
 pet => pet.Owner,
 (person, petCollection) =>
 new
 {
 OwnerName = person.Name,
 Pets = petCollection.Select(pet => pet.Name)
 });
 foreach (var obj in query)
 {
 // Output the owner's name.
 outputBlock.Text += String.Format("{0}:", obj.OwnerName) + "\n";
 // Output each of the owner's pet's names.
 foreach (string pet in obj.Pets)
 {
 outputBlock.Text += String.Format(" {0}", pet) + "\n";
 }
 }
 }
 /*
 This code produces the following output:
 Hedlund, Magnus:
 Daisy
 Adams, Terry:
 Barley
 Boots
 Weiss, Charlotte:
 Whiskers
 */
Silverlight
Supported in: 5, 4, 3
Silverlight for Windows Phone
Supported in: Windows Phone OS 7.1, Windows Phone OS 7.0
XNA Framework
Supported in: Xbox 360, Windows Phone OS 7.0
For a list of the operating systems and browsers that are supported by Silverlight, see Supported Operating Systems and Browsers.
Community Additions
Show:


text:
Two-dimensional analysis of proteinase activity.J Biochem Biophys Methods. 2006 Jun 30; 67(2-3):173-9.JB
A method was developed to separate proteinases in a complex mixture in two dimensions followed by activity detection using class specific substrates. Using this method, serine proteinase activity was evaluated in gut extracts from a stored-product pest, Plodia interpunctella. With the substrate n-alpha-benzoyl-l-arginine rho-nitroanilide, three major groups of at least six trypsin-like activities were identified, consisting of proteinases with estimated molecular masses of 25-27, 40-41, and 289 kDa, and all with an acidic pI of 4.7-5.5. With the substrate, n-succinyl-ala-ala-pro-phenylalanine rho-nitroanilide, two groups of at least five chymotrypsin-like activities were detected, with estimated molecular masses of 28 and 192 kDa and pI values ranging from 6.1 to 7.3. Using the 2-DE activity blot method, information was obtained on the relative number and physical properties of serine proteinases in a mixture of insect gut proteinases without prior fractionation.


text:
Every two years, PennDOT updates Pennsylvania's Twelve Year Transportation Program (TYP). As PennDOT's Board of Directors, the State Transportation Commission (STC) is charged with providing a high-level evaluation of Pennsylvania's transportation system and policy-driven direction for the development of the TYP. Public participation is a critical component of the TYP update process, but it was widely recognized that past efforts to involve the public were not effective.
HOW WE HELPED
Traditionally, input on the statewide plan of transportation projects was gathered through hearings where few members of the public participated. In fact, during the previous TYP update, only six members of the public testified at the hearings. With over two-thirds of Americans connected to the Internet and smart phone usage skyrocketing, McCormick Taylor developed a plan to harness new technology and innovation to provide the citizens of the Commonwealth with a more convenient and accessible method to participate in transportation planning.
The plan included the following innovative communications tools and techniques:
- A new modernized website
- An interactive online survey using Metroquest
- An online public meeting webcast
- Educational infographics
- Interactive web maps
- A collaborative promotions plan that brought together all the key stakeholders in the process
PennDOT and the STC were so pleased with the success of the pilot program that they adopted the modernized process in August 2013 and engaged McCormick Taylor to develop the TYP Report and continue public outreach support for the 2015 update. The 2013 outreach was very successful with 130 online meeting attendees and over 5,000 survey participants.
The project was recently awarded the Innovative Transportation Solutions Award by the Central Pennsylvania Chapter of the Women's Transportation Seminar. For more information, visit the website at _URL_.


Extreme Wave Events In Ireland
PROFESSOR FREDERIC DIAZ from the School of Mathematics in Trinity College, Dublin speaks to Eoin Drinan about a scientific paper that they have recently published.
Frederic talks about the occurrence of extreme wave events in Ireland they the report recorded as part of a study, the wave buoys assigned to the west coast of Ireland to gather further information, the recorded wave events in the south coast of Ireland, how he uses common vocabulary to describe the data being gathered and the myths of extreme waves killing people in Ireland dating back to the 17th century.
Duration: 10'59" DATE: July 25, 2013
Interviewer:Eoin Drinan
Producer:Eoin Drinan
Interviewee:Frederic Diaz
Themes:Global Issues with a Local Focus
Keywords:extreme wave events, trinity college, wave buoys, recorded data, myths
LocationIreland Time Period:2013
Type:Sound Language:English
Creator:Near FM Publisher:Near FM
Rights:Creative Commons License


economics 800 words original apa format
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There are many examples of how the actions of a company have negatively affected consumers. Product recalls, bans, and warning labels have helped to protect consumers and companies are focusing more today on social responsibility. Examine why has there been such a relatively high number of these incidences and what companies can do to protect consumers.
Assignment Guidelines:
 - What legal and ethical responsibilities do companies have to their customers?
 - Cite and discuss in detail two cases in which a company endangered customers because of the manufacture or design of their products. How did the company address the issue?
 - What consequences did the companies in the cited cases face and were these consequences warranted? Why or why not?
Compose your findings in a Word document, and be sure to cite your sources.
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text:
Defined benefit plan sponsors face a tremendous amount of uncertainty. With financial market volatility and liabilities essentially marked-to-market, understanding short-term risks and long-term trends under countless scenarios is invaluable.
Plan sponsors need to understand the impact of variations in asset returns, discount rates, contribution patterns, investment strategies, and plan design so that they can be prepared for potential effects on plan funded status, accounting costs, and contribution requirements. Understanding and planning for future possibilities is a must. That is why many sponsors are turning to Milliman's FutureCost.
FutureCost is an interactive model that provides shortand long-term projections of key financial metrics, helping decision makers prepare for what could be right around the corner as well as for what could lie further down the road. The results are easy to produce and review, with both graphical and numerical outputs generated.
Whether looking at a few deterministic projections to illustrate the sensitivity to changes in asset or liability measures of contributions requirements or accounting results, or doing a full stochastic model with thousands of scenarios to assist in the implementation of a liability-driven investment strategy, FutureCost can help sponsors make important decisions, keeping their eyes open to the potential outcomes.
To see an example of data generated by FutureCost, play the video above or click here.


text: This paper analyses the photovoltaic parameters of the most promising CdS/CdTe solar cells for large application prepared by close space sublimation (CSS) and high vacuum evaporation (HVE). CdS/CdTe solar cells that have an efficiency of~10 % have been studied by current-voltage, capacitance-voltage and quantum efficiency measurements. The current-voltage characteristics show that the addition of small amounts of Cu or Te to back contacts by thermal evaporation improves contact properties by p+-doping the CdTe surface and creating a pseudo-ohmic contact. The cell deposited by CSS seriously suffers in FF compared to the cells prepared by HVE. For both types of the cells above mentioned measurements reveal that the efficiency of CdS/CdTe solar cells fabricated by CSS is limited by a light-dependent shunt resistance and by a high series resistance, but concerning of the cells fabricated by HVE - by the formation of a thick layer of CdS1-xTex at the interface.


Ways of Opening SQLite Databases
1. Opening through ODBC DSN (interface: ADO or BDE). Select 'ODBC data source' option and then select the ODBC DSN from the dropdown list. But first, you should create an ODBC DSN of the corresponding type using Windows administrative tools, and point it to the database file.
2. Opening through connection string (interface: ADO). Select 'Connection string' option and write a connection string. This way is the most flexible one because it allows to specify many additional parameters in the connection string and override standard Database Tour connection behaviour. But it is recommended basically for advanced users. Here are basic connection strings (more examples and details can be found in the Internet):
Driver=SQLite3 ODBC Driver;Database=C:\MyData\My_db.db; (SQLite3 ODBC Driver must be installed)
See also
 Examples of ADO Connection Strings


the application" section, uncheck the "Sound" and "Sound in chat" lines.
iOS
 1. In the list of conversations in the lower right corner of the screen, tap the "Settings" tab, then go to the "Notifications and Sound" section.
 2. You will see that there is a separate configuration option for messages and groups. Depending on where you want to silence alerts, in the appropriate section, click "Sound", then check "None".
 3. If you want to remove them for the entire program, in the "In Application" menu, uncheck the "Sound" and "Chat Sound" lines.
Windows Phone
 1. Go to the "Telegram" settings menu, in "Settings" - "Notifications and sounds".
 2. Uncheck "Sound" under "Messages" if you want to turn off notifications for messages, "Groups" if for groups, or "In-app notifications" for the whole application.
Computer
Since the version of "Telegram" for the computer has exactly the same interface for any operating system, be it Windows, Linux or Mac OS, the procedure will not be any different.
 1. Expand the side menu by clicking on the three vertical bars in the upper left corner of the screen.
 2. Go to "Settings", then in the "Notifications" section, uncheck the "Sound" line. If you use the English interface of the program, the sections will be called "Settings" - "Notifications" - "Play sound".
How to turn off the signal for individual conversations
If you do not need to completely remove calls for all conversations, you can configure for each individual conversation. Despite the fact that for each platform the algorithm of actions will be almost the same, let's look at how to turn off the signal in Telegram for each individual conversation for each of them.
Android
 1. Open the desired chat, group or channel.
 2. Tap the heading at the top of the screen, where you will see basic information about the person, the general conversation, or the channel.
 3. Click on "Notifications", then in the pop-up window you can see several options: turn it on, configure it, and also turn it off for a certain period of time (usually two or three options are offered from 1 hour to several days), or turn it off completely.
 4. You can also access the chat options by clicking on the three vertical dots and going to "Turn off notifications", where you will be offered time intervals when the restriction will apply, or you can delete it permanently.
 5. Check the option you need and a strikethrough bell will be displayed next to the chat name in the main window.
iOS
 1. After opening any conversation, click on its title or tap on the profile photo in the upper right corner.
 2. Go to the "Notifications" menu, where you select from the options for how long you want to turn off the signal. You can mark one of the time intervals or turn it off completely.
 3. A crossed-out bell will appear opposite the name in the chat window.
Windows Phone
 1. Tap a chat, channel, or group title with your finger, or tap the three horizontal dots.
 2. Uncheck "Notifications".
 3. In the list of conversations, there will be a strikethrough bell icon next to the name.
Computer
 1. Open any dialog where you want to remove alerts.
 2. In the upper right corner, click on the three vertical dots and open "Disable notifications" in English.
 3. Choose how many hours or days to turn off the call, or remove them forever.
 4. In the general menu of conversations, a crossed-out bell will be displayed next to the name.
Conclusion
Removing notifications for the Telegram messenger on a computer or phone is not difficult at all. By the way, you can turn on the disabled signal by simply returning the previous settings. In the comments, please tell us how often you use this feature.
How to disable media autoload in Telegram
March 15, 2019Technology
A great way to save device memory and mobile data.
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Telegram has a "media autoload" feature. When the interlocutor sends a photo, picture, video, gif or voice message, the messenger automatically downloads them to the device's memory. This is convenient, but only when your gadget has enough resources. If your friends and family love to bombard you with all sorts of "funny" memes, the messenger folder will very quickly begin to swell to an obscene size. In addition, auto-upload of media files in Telegram eats up mobile traffic.
Fortunately, this feature can be turned off or configured so that it does not cause problems.
Telegram for Windows
Open the Telegram sidebar and go to Settings → Advanced Settings. Look for the Media Startup section. There are three items here: "In private chats", "In groups" and "In channels". By opening any of them, you can choose which files should be automatically downloaded and which not. You can also set a size limit here. First of all, it is worth disabling the download of heavy files: video, audio and GIF animations.
It's also helpful to take a look at Data and Memory → Device Memory Management. Here you can set a limit for the cache of saved media files and set how often to clear it.
Telegram for macOS
Click the gear icon below the Telegram contacts list. In the settings that open, select "Data and memory". Here we are interested in two sections: "Memory Usage" and "Autoload Media".
In "Startup" select what content to load in which chats or not. It would be useful to set a limit on the size of downloaded files. Or you can disable autoload altogether.
In the "Memory Usage" section, you can set the storage period for media files. If there are not enough resources, select the option for "1 month" or even "1 week". This will make life easier for 128GB MacBook owners.
Telegram for Android
Open the Telegram sidebar and select Settings → Data & Storage. As in the desktop versions of the messenger, here you will find two interesting items: "Autoload media" and "Memory usage".
Choose what types of files to auto-upload and set file size limits for them. Then turn on automatic cache cleaning so that the saved pictures do not gather dust in the smartphone's memory for a long time.
Telegram for iOS
Open Settings → Data & Storage → Media Startup.
Learn more


perinatal ocd
if a woman has ocd during pregnancy or after birth (known as the perinatal period) it is called perinatal ocd. it is normal to worry about your child's wellbeing and to want to protect your baby. if this happens, you may need a lot of practical help and support. a woman with perinatal ocd will often realise that her symptoms are unreasonable or excessive, although this can be harder to see if you are very anxious. depression and anxiety are the most common mental health problems in pregnancy. it can develop in a few hours and can be life-threatening, so needs urgent treatment. ideally, this should be to a specialist mother and baby unit where you can go with you.
if you have ocd in your first pregnancy you are more likely to have it again in your second pregnancy.10 the help and treatment you need depends on how severe your perinatal ocd is. in that case, you should usually be admitted to a specialist mother and baby unit with your baby. you can learn to recognise the physical and mental symptoms common in ocd. the two main treatments are cognitive behavioural therapy and medication.12-16 these can be used alone or in combination. if you have ocd and are planning a pregnancy, you should talk to your doctor before you become pregnant. your doctor can help you to think carefully about the advantages and disadvantages of medications in pregnancy or when breastfeeding. you may have to be referred out of your area. having a good understanding of what is driving these can really help mother and partner to limit this.
together with our local minds in wales we're committed to improving mental health in this country. there are lots of different ways that you can support us. browse our online range including our range of mental health resources, wedding favours, pause for mind and greetings cards. also has information for friends and family, including support and advice for partners. it's normal to worry about your child's wellbeing and want to protect your baby while you are pregnant and after giving birth. but if you start to experience obsessive and compulsive symptoms that affect your daily life and wellbeing, you may be experiencing perinatal ocd. it's important to remember that they are not your fault. it can be very hard to open up and talk to someone about your obsessions or compulsions. "i spent the first few months of my daughter's life consumed with anxiety that i would somehow contaminate her. there are various treatments that you may be offered for perinatal ocd.
your therapist will help you confront your obsessions and learn how to resist the urge to carry out compulsions. you may also be offered medication to treat any symptoms of anxiety.if you have any concerns about taking medication, you can talk to your doctor or pharmacist. if there are long waiting lists for talking therapies in your area, your doctor may recommend that you explore an alternative to therapy. "during my second pregnancy, i had an experience seeing blood on a public toilet seat which led onto a severe obsession with the irrational thought that i had contracted hiv. experiencing perinatal ocd can be very difficult, but there are steps you can take to help yourself cope. here are some ideas to help manage your ocd: charities like ocd uk and ocd action have resources to help you understand and cope with your ocd. having the support of those around you can make a big difference to how much you feel able to cope with your obsessions and compulsions. if you feel comfortable, you could talk to them about your obsessions and compulsions. "i thought i was a horrible failure… i'd panic that they thought i would hurt him and then take him away. 219830) and a registered company (no.
if a woman has ocd during pregnancy or after birth (known as the perinatal period) it is called perinatal ocd. you may have had ocd before getting pregnant. for obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) is a type of anxiety disorder. perinatal ocd is when you experience ocd during pregnancy or in the first year after again, at its simplest, perinatal ocd is ocd that presents in the perinatal period. although the condition is highly misunderstood and under-, .
perinatal ocd is characterized by intrusive unwanted thoughts (i.e., obsessions) about aggression toward or a fear of contamination of the infant. these obsessions can present as intense images of injury, death, or thoughts of physical or sexual harm. perinatal and postpartum ocd usually (but not always) revolves around significant fear of harm coming to the infant, with worries frequently focused on perinatal ocd is ocd that occurs in pregnancy or postnatally. it may be a new and sudden onset in those with no previous history or an exacerbation of ocd is a mental health disorder that affects people in different ways. it typically causes particular patterns of behaviour or thoughts, often characterised by, .
When you try to get related information on perinatal ocd, you may look for related areas. perinatal ocd reddit,how long does perinatal ocd last,perinatal ocd screening,perinatal ocd self help,perinatal ocd treatment,cbt for perinatal ocd,perinatal ocd stories,does perinatal ocd go away,perinatal ocd support groups .


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Processing of coal fly ash magnetic spheres for clay water,Dec 10, 2017 Processing of coal fly ash magnetic spheres for clay water flocculation,The XRD patterns show the differences between the MS samples before and after the processing As shown in Fig 5, magnetite, hematite, mullite, and quartz structures are present in the 1 MS spectrum In.
Magnetite flow in coal processing plant Products. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including, Magnetite flow in coal processing plant, quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
A coal preparation process includes a dense medium coal separator which utilizes a magnetite media for separating raw coal from refuse. A sieve receives coal from the separator and is utilized to drain a portion of the magnetite media from the coal before the coal is passed into a new magnetite reclaimer wherein paddles agitate the coal causing abrasive contact between
Sep 22, 2003 Magnetite is the medium solids commonly employed for coal preparation. Most magnetite are produced as a by-product of iron ore processing. Demand for magnetite is expected to increase continuously. The increasing cost of magnetite has led to a growing interest in recovering magnetite from alternate sources such as power station fly ash.
In this study, enrichment methods for coal fly ash (CFA) from Omsk thermal power station No. 4 (TPS-4) were investigated. The magnetite and unburned carbon concentrates were obtained by magnetic separation and flotation methods. The wet magnetic separation used in the study increased the magnetite content in the magnetic fraction from 10.48 to 12.72 wt % compared
magnetite can be used in a coal dense medium process by applying a magnetic field around a DMS cyclone, which consequently stabilises the coarse medium. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE The test work process focused on the application of a weak magnetic field around a dense medium cyclone. The tests were done using medium only. Magnetite Samples
Magnetite - Wikipedia. Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron or With the chemical formula Fe3O4, it is one , Bluing (steel), a process in which steel is partially protected against rust by a layer of magnetite , Production Processes in Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2011, Wiley-VCH doi101002/14356007o02_o11....
Magnetite heavy media processes are accurate, efficient and easy to control separators, capable of producing high quality clean coal. Magnetite recovery circuit operation and
Mar 28, 2020 It is also used in coal mining operations as a slurry with water to remove the heavier impurities by allowing the less dense coal to float to the surface. The magnetite can be reused in this process 90 percent of the time. Magnetite is also used as a source of iron to manufacture iron-based chemicals and fertilizers.
size coal and waste (refuse) in the mined coal. Processing of run-of-mine (ROM) coal is generally done ... air/sand suspension is utilized rather than water/magnetite, which is commonly used in conventional dense medium cleaning process. The principles of operation of dry coal cleaning are identical to conventional wet processes, except that ...
Energy Coal Washing Prince is a global supplier of high-quality magnetite to international coal customers. Scroll Princes Magnafloat is perfectly suited for the beneficiation of run of mine coal Magnafloat is a heavy media for coal separation. Prince Magnafloat, a naturally magnetic and high-density magnetite product, is the ideal solution for the coal washing process...
May 22, 2016 The heavy-media separation process, or HMS, employing ferrous media, usually ferrosilicon and/or magnetite, is the most generally used process for sink-float separations. A stable medium over the range of specific gravities from 1.25 to 3.40 can be maintained within close limits and is cleaned and recovered by magnetic means.
Coal Processing, Coal Washing, Magnetite Ore, Magnetite Supplier. Martin Robson also provides coal processing, coal preparation, dense medium separation, coal washing, magnetic separation services of the highestMartin Robson has been a strategic partner in a coal mining industry for the supply of high quality magnetite used for coal beneficiation.
today but the history shows that the application of cyclones in fine coal processing has not been nearly as successful as in the processing of coarser coal. There is a perception in the coal processing industry that dense-medium cyclone processing of fine coal is expensive, that it consumes much magnetite and that the
He partnered with our coal customers to answer any questions and to help them improve process efficiencies wherever possible. He advanced to sales manager in 2015 and worked with our coal and specialty customers to develop new products and uses for the iron oxide ores that Quality Magnetite sources and processes.
Nov 01, 1995 Custom Coals, International has installed and is presently testing a 500 lb/hr. micronized-magnetite, fine-coal cleaning circuit at PETCs Process Research Facility (PRF). The cost-shared project was awarded as part of the Coal Preparation Programs, High Efficiency Preparation Subprogram. The ...
Dec 19, 2012 Magnetite Ore, Magnetic Separation, Magnetic Separation, Coal Washing. Martin Robson operates in supplying minerals and magnetite ore to various industry sectors offering exceptional coal washing and processing services of the highest More detailed
Magnetite is produced as a by-product of the phosphate mining process of Foskor. At our processing plant in Phalaborwa Idwala Magnetite upgrades this material by magnetic separation and fine milling for supply to the coal industry as a heavy separation medium (for coal washing).
Sep 30, 2007 The coal cleaning experiments were carried out on various size fractions of Pennsylvanias bituminous coal, Rushton coal. Angular magnetite was used as the host material to enhance segregation. The performance of the coal cleaning process was measured with the aid of sulfur and ash removal efficiencies.
The heavier specific gravity of magnetite aggregates allow a more aggressive backwash in the cleaning phase without loss of product, and because magnetite is magnetic it can be easily scavenged back from waste water streams for reuse. Magnetite is an essential part of the heavy media process in coal mining.
recovery of magnetite in coal processing. ryan ceko to determine which panel slot, either with flow or against flow yields better recovery. view project. article.
Sep 14, 2021 Manufacturer of magnetite natural black iron oxide products. Materials include magnetite and ores. Markets served include coal washing, chemical, weighting, ballast, architectural grade pigments, paint primers, foundry sands, granular iron sulfate, micro nutrient fertilizers, and paver and brick manufacturing.
Sep 21, 2020 The optimal process separation efficiency of 94% is achieved with charcoal, and the concentrate comprises the magnetite phase meanwhile, 64% is achieved with coking coal at 6% carbon dosage. The increase in fayalite concentration at higher carbon content reduces the separation efficiency.
The process of coal heneficiation using heavy media has been presented in Table - 1. Table I Showing coal beneficiation process and media Process Media 1. Jigging Water, Air 2. Chance Process Sand 3. Heavy Media Bath Magnetite 4. Heavy Media Cyclone Magnetite Heavy Media In coal heneficiation plants, generally sand or heavy liquids or ...
GregTech 5 has dozens of ores with complex processing chains that produce hundreds of different materials. Almost every element on the Periodic Table and many kinds of real-life mineral and ore deposits are represented in mod. This guide lists all of the various ores and all of the ways they can be processed into elements. GregTech disables all Vanilla ores (except
ABOUT CANMAG Inc. Deliver high quality heavy media grade magnetite to the coal industry enabling our clients to capture maximum value through domestic supply. Magnetite is our core business. Our dedicated production facility allows us to focus all of our efforts on producing a single, high quality product. Our proprietary production process and ...
According to Mikhail and Osborne (1990), the following is the standard particle-size distribution of magnetite used in coal preparation maximum 5% by mass coarser than 45 m, and 30% by mass finer than 10 m.
BOWIN BASIN MAGNETITE RECOVERY. OBJECTIVE Due to various changes in the CHPP and coal quality being processed, the Magnetite Consumption increased, leading to unfavourable changes to total costs of operations. The overall objective was to reduce magnetite usage, to assist in lowering overall costs. SOLUTION Tailored Product Integration
Today, the heavy-media process using magnetite is standard for coarse coal cleaning. Attempts to recover middlings and fine coal have continued through the years, and near the middle of the twentieth century, processes to wash and recover fine coal resulted in the introduction of equipment such as centrifuges, froth flotation cells, disc ...
1858 Bessemer (UK) First dense medium process patent to remove coal impurities by immersion in a tank or bath containing a fluid, the specific gravity of which is greater than the pure coal and less than the substance to be separated there from 1921 Chance (USA) First commercial plant. Cone separator, sand suspended
For clean coal obtained at lower relative density medium (b 1.3), wash a water and time of washing had an insignificant effect, 3.50 magnetite lost after rinsing,% while higher screening velocity was detrimental. Clean 3.00 coal generally is more porous than the middling or


Kary Bosma on Jubilee Fellows' Summer Internships
Kary Bosma coordinates Jubilee Fellows, a Calvin College summer internship for students considering pastoral ministry.
Kary Bosma coordinates Jubilee Fellows, a Calvin College summer internship for students considering pastoral ministry. Each summer Bosma and Jubilee Fellows co-directors Dale Cooper and Todd Cioffi divide visits among 12 interns.
Kary Bosma
Will you describe a typical visit?
We try to visit during weeks four or five of their ten-week internships, so we need to coordinate timing along with geography. A program representative visits an internship site for one or two days, enough time to discuss everything, including living with their host family and daily routines. We talk most about their internship. They make goals with their supervisor when the internship begins and complete a mid-point report to evaluate how well they are accomplishing their goals. We discuss how their work so far has impacted his or her sense of calling to ministry.
What challenges do Jubilee Fellows experience?
We talk about how the student is maintaining her relationship with God in the midst of serving him. We discuss what has surprised them about working in ministry. We also talk candidly about any difficulties, whether personal struggles or in work or with their supervisor or host family.
We meet with the student's mentor and any other church staff working closely with the student. It's an opportunity for them to speak honestly about the student's performance and express concerns. We express our gratitude for their mentoring our student.
How do these summer internships affect Jubilee Fellows?
Most come away with a new understanding of and appreciation for the daily work of church ministry. Students are often given opportunities to work in their interest areas, such as teaching, youth, and worship. They're challenged to participate in areas they aren't aware of or don't feel particularly gifted in, such as administration, children, and pastoral care. They often express surprise at all the behind-the-scenes work that happens daily or weekly. They find that, besides preaching on Sunday, a pastor may lead a funeral, make pastoral care visits, attend a worship planning meeting, fold bulletins, and manage church finances. A church educator planning for vacation Bible school must choose curriculum, plan activities and crafts, market the program to members and the community, recruit and coordinate volunteers, purchase snacks, and decorate the church basement.
Often students approach the summer hoping for affirmation about what career path to follow. Sometimes they expect to find the final answer to "Might God be calling me to a vocation in church ministry?" What often actually happens is they spend the summer learning more about themselves: how God has equipped them, which ministry areas best use their gifts, and how to improve in areas of weakness. Mentors reflect weekly with students on how their experiences are effecting or affecting their calling. Mentors affirm their gifts and challenge them when appropriate.
Why do churches continue or stop hosting Jubilee Fellows?
Congregations and mentors are often eager to welcome future Jubilee Fellows after their initial experience. They are usually pleased with the work done and student quality. It is a unique opportunity for churches to gain a highly motivated, thoughtful intern as part of a well-organized and established program...at no financial cost to the church. Several congregations host students year after year, because their staff and congregations are committed to mentoring future church leaders. Mentoring takes significant time and energy for the mentoring pastor, church staff, host family, and congregation. Not all churches are able to sustain an intern every year. Pastoral sabbaticals, retirements, or changing leadership may prevent churches from hosting another Jubilee Fellow.
Churches often want to host a Jubilee Fellow, but I don't have enough students to send out! As our network of internship churches expands—this year eight of our students are at new internship sites— we are blessed with the task of connecting each student with the church that best suits their vocational interests. I work with pastors at each potential site to determine the best fit. We prayerfully determine which churches will receive a Jubilee Fellow and which will have to wait.
As you look back on the years of Jubilee Fellows, how many have gone on to seminary or a church-related job?
Around 75 percent of former Jubilee Fellows have gone on to seminary or to serve in ministry-related fields, such as unordained church ministry, parachurch organizations, and missions.
The Jubilee Fellows program is part of Calvin College's Congregational and Ministry Studies (CMS) department. Read about CMS throughstudents ' eyes.