text:
Duty to Warn
Q: When is there a duty to warn another person of a client's stated intentions to inflict physical harm?
Because they were all modeled after the Tarasoff ruling, duty-to-warn laws are quite similar from state to state. Most duty-to-warn laws say that when the client communicates to a mental health professional the threat of bodily harm to an identifiable victim and has the ability, or is perceived to have the ability, to do the harm, the mental health professional must inform the victim, have the client admitted to a mental health facility-either voluntarily or involuntarily-or take some other action to discharge the duty to warn.
Gerald Corey, author of Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions, created a set of guidelines called "Should We Act or Not?" that lists questions to ask yourself in this type of situation. He says that if you answer yes to two or more of them, you probably have a duty-to-warn obligation. While these questions aren't legal recommendations, they do provide good guidance. The questions include:
- Has the client expressed some specific intention to commit violence, as against transitory thoughts or expressions of feelings?
- Has the client identified the kind of action he or she intends?
- Does the client have the ability to carry out the action?
- Has the client identified an intended victim and/or plan of action?
- Is the client unable to understand what he or she is doing and incapable of exercising self-control? (History of prior violence would be a negative indication.)
- Is the client incapable of collaborating with the therapist in maintaining control of his or her behavior?
Q: How should you proceed when you conclude that there's a duty to warn?
Remind the client of your ethical and legal obligation to warn. Invite the client to participate in the process, if possible. Develop a plan with the client to surrender weapons, which are critical to being able to harm others. Inform your supervisor, attorney, law enforcement, local psychiatric hospital, and the intended victim, depending on what you can do in your state to discharge the duty. Keep careful records of all actions taken. Your records are your defense, and these are cases for which your documentation needs to be specific and detailed to show proof that you've done what you needed to do to discharge your duty. If you have a violent client in your office, there's no code or law mandating that you put yourself in danger to discharge your duty to warn. If you feel that you're going to be attacked or that you're in danger, you don't have to inform the client of your intended actions, and you shouldn't bring the client into the process.
Q: Is there a duty to warn with a client who threatens to blow away the next driver who cuts him off in traffic, when you know the person carries a loaded 9 mm under the car seat?
This is a case to sit down and talk to the client seriously about your obligations: "Hey, I have a duty-to-warn obligation here. You're scaring me, and I have legal obligations that I will honor." Let the client know that you don't want to be put in the position in which you're trying to make this judgment call, and try to convince the client to get the gun out of the car. If the client doesn't cooperate and remove the gun, and doesn't indicate that his/her statements are only expressions of frustration, I personally would begin duty-to-warn procedures. In my opinion, the presence of the gun contributes significantly to the seriousness of your duty.
Consulting is important in a situation like this. Call your professional organization and ask what they recommend. They may give you some clarity. And document, document, document.
Q: Is there a duty to warn when a client says that she's going to kill the woman her husband's having an affair with, and that she's narrowed it down to one of two people and plans to follow her husband to his "meeting" that night to find out who the woman is?
This is a clear-cut duty-to-warn case, and I wouldn't hesitate to tell the client that. There's an identified victim and threat of bodily harm. It doesn't matter that there are two choices, because the victim will be whoever shows up with the husband. So there's undoubtedly enough information to require breaking confidentiality and reporting.
Q: What are the ethical and legal duties around self-injurious behavior?Under our codes and laws, as long as a client isn't suicidal or doing harm that could end in death, we're generally not obligated to report self-injurious behavior. There's no code or law that mandates breaking confidentiality for self-injury; however, some mental health facilities and school systems may have policies that require reporting.
Don't assume that self-injury is a failed suicide; usually it's not. Research indicates that people often self-injure so their stress doesn't get so bad they consider suicide. Yet because many self-injurers have indicated suicidal thoughts and attempts, you should conduct a suicide assessment to assure and maintain competent clinical practice.
Clifton Mitchell, Ph.D., conducts legal and ethical training throughout the county utilizing a stimulating game-show format, where participants play variations of Jeopardy and Family Feud with thought-provoking legal and ethical questions. Contact: clift _EMAIL_. Tell us what you think about this article by e-mail at _EMAIL_, or at _URL_. Log in and you'll find the comment section on every page of the online Magazine.


About us Analytical Foundation
Analytical Foundation is a nonprofit organization (NGO) found for the purpose of:
1. Improving quality of life by offering YOGA Training courses,Education,Work shops/Seminarsetc.
2.Research & innovation awards:Quality life is possible by innovation only and the innovation is possible by research only. Hence ANALYTICAL FOUNDATION is committed to identify such research scientist across various field of science like agriculture, environment, new born screening, Bio-med, Yoga,Ayurveda. Identify and award yearly the quality control executives and research Scientists for their contributions across various field of science like Life science,Healthcare, pharmaceuticals,Bio-Technologies, Food safety, academic (Universities), Agriculture, Environment, new born screening,Bio-med, etc.
To promote Yoga, Pranayam, Meditation for enriching life.
To work for the child & Women health and Welfare.
To open and run the schools for the welfare and uplift of the needy children.
To organize awareness camps, health camps, workshops, campaigns and exhibitions.
To arrange and provide medical aid and other assistance necessary for the needy people who are incapable or handicapped or mentally/physically challenged and financially unfit.
The main aim of the trust would be to impart the practical and functional training of Ashtang Yog,Dhayan Yog Asan and Pranayam etc.as received from the ancient propounded by the Rishies and Munis to make an end of extreme sufferings to cure diseases and to receive a calm stage of mind and extreme happiness.
To Spread the teachings & thoughts of great leaders, philosophers, thinkers, reformer and saints and educate / encourage people to follow such thoughts.


text:
Skip to Main Content
The core problem in risk analysis - determining exploitable paths between attackers and system assets - is essentially a problem of determining information flow. It is relatively straightforward to interpret design models for service-based distributed systems in information-flow terms, but the analysis results must be integrated into the system engineering process, and any resulting security controls must be meaningful to system practitioners as well as security analysts. The work reported addresses these practical problems; it shows that information flow analysis can be integrated into the requirements traceability process, ensuring that security controls are specific about the properties they require. Communication between information-analyst and system practitioner is also addressed by tuning the analysis to reflect the exploitability of threat paths, and by defining security controls as patterns of information-flow constraints, rather than single predicates.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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With a severe drought hitting the southwestern United States, many towns are forced to rethink the way they use available water. Mineral Wells, Tex., was planning on keeping their public pools closed this summer in an effort to conserve water.
However, those plans changed after the city received $25,000 from an anonymous donor in order to drill a well and install fencing and electrical work that will keep both of its city pools operable.
According to city manager Lance Howerton, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality gave the city approval to use well water as long as the water meets specific quality standards, and Howerton assured the city council that the water will be up to those standards.
The city estimates that the project will cost approximately $21,000. The elements of the project include drilling the well, building a concrete slab and fencing, and creating electrical and plumbing connections to get the water from the well to the pools.
Howerton encouraged the council to approve the project on the condition that the city will first receive the $25,000 before any work begins, and the council gave the project a go-ahead with a 5-0 vote.
City officials were originally concerned about how the possible closures of the pools would affect the regular swimmers, swim teams, water aerobics users, and other pool-goers. But thanks to the donation, residents of Mineral Wells will have a place to swim this summer.


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Various Safety Risks Exist in Wig Products
"Due to the fact that most wig manufacturers do not adhere to national standards, there are certain safety hazards associated with their quality." To prevent potential harm, in line with the risk monitoring requirement of "early detection, early warning, and early response," the Sichuan Provincial Market Supervision Bureau has conducted quality and safety risk monitoring on wig products. Multiple safety risks have been identified in these products, prompting a cautious approach from consumers.
Wigs are artificial synthetic hair products that can be categorized based on their functionality, including full wigs, hairpieces, hair extensions, and accessories. They can also be categorized by material, such as human hair products, synthetic fiber products, and blends of human hair and synthetic fiber. According to risk monitoring, potential unsafe factors associated with wig products include: formaldehyde content, pH value, heavy metals, water and sweat resistance, color fastness, and warning labels.
Formaldehyde and pH Value Risks: Manufacturers may use subpar dyes or fail to properly clean wig products before finalizing their shape due to cost-saving measures or substandard production processes. This can lead to excessive formaldehyde content and pH levels, which may cause discomfort to wearers' respiratory systems or trigger skin allergies.
Heavy Metal Risk: Heavy metals (such as arsenic, lead, and mercury) present in the dyes used to color wig hair strands may migrate into the body through sweat. Accumulation of heavy metals in the body can lead to health issues.
Water and Sweat Resistance, Color Fastness Risk: If the water and sweat resistance as well as color fastness do not meet standards, the wig may discolor due to sweat or rain during use. This can lead to staining of clothes and skin. Severe discoloration may cause skin allergies or other discomfort.
Manufacturing and Warning Label Risk: Many wigs on the market lack proper labeling and information. Consumers may have difficulty obtaining correct usage and care instructions, potentially leading to incidents of harm.
The Sichuan Provincial Market Supervision Bureau advises consumers to "Avoid Two and Be Cautious One": Opt for purchases through reputable channels and avoid products without brands, material information, specifications, manufacturer details, or care instructions. Examine product characteristics carefully and avoid purchasing wigs with inconsistent hair thickness, odor, discoloration, or hair loss.
During use, consumers should "Wash One and Cease Two": Before using newly purchased wig products, soak and dry them in clean water or neutral detergent, or undergo professional cleaning and care before wearing. This helps reduce the harm of harmful substances to the body. After regular use, perform routine cleaning and care and maintain a well-ventilated and dry storage space. If mold or odor is detected, discontinue use promptly. If discomfort occurs after wearing, stop use immediately and seek medical attention as needed.


OpenAI Whisper tutorial: Updating our Whisper API with GPT-3
2022-10-13T13:02:46.841Z by Flafi
OpenAI Whisper tutorial: Updating our Whisper API with GPT-3
What is Whisper?
Whisper is an automatic State-of-the-Art speech recognition system from OpenAI that has been trained on 680,000 hours of multilingual and multitask supervised data collected from the web. This large and diverse dataset leads to improved robustness to accents, background noise and technical language. In addition, it enables transcription in multiple languages, as well as translation from those languages into English. OpenAI released the models and code to serve as a foundation for building useful applications that leverage speech recognition.
What is GPT-3?
GPT-3 is a language model from OpenAI that can generate text. It is trained on a large dataset of text from the web.
How to start?
This tutorial is an upgrade of the previous tutorial Whisper API with Flask and Docker.
So please first check that out :) If you already did that you can continue here.
OpenAI API key
If you don't have it already please go to OpenAI and create an account. And create your API key. Never share your API key in public repository!
Updates to requirement.txt
We are adding openai package to our file
Creating file for gpt3 function
We will create a new file called gpt3.py and add the following code to it. In the prompt I was using the summary option to summarize the text, but you can use anything you want. And you can tweak the parameters as well.
import openai
def gpt3complete(speech):
 # Completion function call engine: text-davinci-002
 Platformresponse = openai.Completion.create(
 engine="text-davinci-002",
 prompt="Write a short summary of this text: {}".format(speech),
 temperature=0.7,
 max_tokens=1500,
 top_p=1,
 frequency_penalty=0,
 presence_penalty=0,
 )
 return Platformresponse.choices[0].text
Update app.py
On the top we will update our imports. Instead of "MY_API_KEY" please insert the API key you created earlier.
import openai
import gpt3
# GPT-3 API Key
openai.api_key = "MY_API_KEY"
Update the /whisper route
We will integrate our new GPT3 function into the route. So when we are getting the result from whisper we will pass it to the gpt3 function and return the result.
@app.route('/whisper', methods=['POST'])
def handler():
 if not request.files:
 # If the user didn't submit any files, return a 400 (Bad Request) error.
 abort(400)
 # For each file, let's store the results in a list of dictionaries.
 results = []
 # Loop over every file that the user submitted.
 for filename, handle in request.files.items():
 # Create a temporary file.
 # The location of the temporary file is available in 'temp.name'.
 temp = NamedTemporaryFile()
 # Write the user's uploaded file to the temporary file.
 # The file will get deleted when it drops out of scope.
 handle.save(temp)
 # Let's get the transcript of the temporary file.
 result = model.transcribe(temp.name)
 text = result['text']
 # Let's get the summary of the soundfile
 summary = gpt3.gpt3complete(text)
 # Now we can store the result object for this file.
 results.append({
 'filename': filename,
 'transcript': text.strip(),
 'summary': summary.strip(),
 })
 # This will be automatically converted to JSON.
 return {'results': results}
How to run the container?
 1. Open a terminal and navigate to the folder where you created the files.
 2. Run the following command to build the container:
docker build -t whisper-api .
 1. When built is ready, run the following command to run the container:
docker run -p 5000:5000 whisper-api
How to test the API?
 1. You can test the API by sending a POST request to the route http://localhost:5000/whisper with a file in it. Body should be form-data.
 2. You can use the following curl command to test the API:
curl -F "file=@/path/to/file" http://localhost:5000/whisper
 1. In result you should get a JSON object with the transcript and summary in it.
How to deploy the API?
This API can be deployed anywhere where Docker can be used. Just keep in mind that this setup currently using CPU for processing the audio files. If you want to use GPU you need to change Dockerfile and share the GPU. I won't go into this deeper as this is an introduction. Docker GPU
You can find the whole code here
Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this tutorial you can find more and continue reading on our tutorial page
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Prison Overcrowding Speech Outline
994 Words4 Pages
Topic: Prison overcrowding General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: At the end of my speech, the audience will be able to identify and describe the key reasons and issues of prison overcrowding. Introduction Attention Getter Imagine being locked up in a confined space with little to no air conditioning, concrete walls, concrete floors, poor sanitation, rowdy peers, no soft comforts of a home, and a lack of the everyday basic needs. What I am describing to you is a little thing called prison overcrowding. Establishes Speaker Credibility I personally began to become interested in the overcrowding of prisons when my own brother was let out early due to it. My brother described the horrid situation that the…show more content…
Preview of Main Points Today, I will be describing to you what prison overcrowding is, the reasons behind it, what it results in, and how it can be reduced. Body Transition to First Main Point: To begin, let's take a look at what prison overcrowding is. I) Prison overcrowding is the social phenomenon that occurs when the demand for space in prisons in a jurisdiction exceeds the capacity for prisoners in the place. A) According to Portland State University, "Approximately one in 35 U.S. adults are incarcerated, on parole or on probation". B) According to Penal Reform International, "In most prison systems, prisoners do not have the minimum space requirements recommended by international standards, spending up to 23 hours of the day, if not all day, in overcrowded cells. Overcrowding can be so severe that prisoners sleep in shifts, on top of each other, share beds or tie themselves to window bars so that they can sleep while standing". Transition to Second Main Point: Now that we have defined what prison overcrowding is, let's identify common causes. I) Repeating offenders A) Past B)
More about Prison Overcrowding Speech Outline
Open Document


text: The orbital inclination of the symbiotic prototype Z And has not been established yet. At present, two very different values are considered, i ~ 44 degrees and i >~ 73 degrees. The correct value of i is a key parameter in, for example, modeling the highly-collimated jets of Z And. The aim of this paper is to measure the orbital inclination of Z And. First, we derive the hydrogen column density (nH), which causes the Rayleigh scattering of the far-UV spectrum at the orbital phase phi = 0.961 plus/minus 0.018. Second, we calculate nH as a function of i and phi for the ionization structure during the quiescent phase. Third, we compare the nH(i,phi) models with the observed value. The most probable shaping of the HI/HII boundaries and the uncertainties in the orbital phase limit i of Z And to 59 -2/+3 degrees. Systematic errors given by using different wind velocity laws can increase i up to ~74 degrees. A high value of i is supported independently by the orbitally related variation in the far-UV continuum and the obscuration of the OI] 1641 A emission line around the inferior conjunction of the giant. The derived value of the inclination of the Z And orbital plane allows treating satellite components of H-alpha and H-beta emission lines as highly-collimated jets.


text:
Beyond Streaming: A Sound Mural for Flint, installation view at the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University, 2017, photo courtesy the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University.
Intending to save $200 million dollars over the course of twenty-five years, in 2014 the city of Flint switched its water supply from the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department and, in its place, built a pipeline channeling water from the Flint River. This resulted in lead corrosion in city pipes, exposing tens of thousands of residents to toxic water, and a state of emergency was declared. Three years on, the reverberations of the Flint water crisis are still being felt. Beyond Streaming, an interactive "sound mural" at the Broad Art Museum, addresses the Flint water crisis, but this conceptual sculptural installation is merely a fraction of what this art project actually entails. Continue reading


text: The electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of polypyrrole doped with boric acid have been investigated. The direct current conductivity (dc) of the polymer increases with increasing temperature. The alternating current (ac) conductivity of the polymer obeys the power law, i.e., sigma(ac)(omega) = A omega(s). The alternating conductivity of polypyrrole doped with boric acid is controlled by the correlated barrier hopping model. The activation energy for alternating current mechanism decreases with increasing frequency which confirms the hopping conduction to the dominant mechanism as compared with the dc activation energy. The density of localized states N(E(F)) for polypyrrole doped with boric acid was in the range of 2.5-9.2 x 10(22) cm(-3) for various temperatures. The dielectric relaxation mechanism was explained on the basis of complex dielectric modulus. The imaginary modulus plot at different temperatures shows a dielectric mechanism with non-Debye relaxation. Boric acid can be a good candidate for controlling the electrical conductivity of the conducting polymer. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Harper Ben Lyrics
Harper Ben Bio
Harper was born in Claremont, in California's Inland Empire. His father, Leonard, was of African-American and Cherokee ancestry, and his mother, Ellen Chase-Verdries, is Jewish. His maternal great-grandmother immigrated from Lithuania. His parents divorced when he was five, and he grew up with his mother's family. Harper has two brothers, Joel and Peter.
Harper began playing guitar as a child. His maternal grandparents' music store The Folk Music Center and Museum laid a foundation of folk and blues for the artist, complemented by regular patrons Leonard Cohen, Taj Mahal and David Lindley and quotes of William Shakespeare and Robert Frost made often by his grandfather. During the '80s, in his teen years, Harper began to play the slide guitar, mimicking the style of Robert Johnson. Next, Harper refined his style, taking up the Weissenborn. Harper broke out of the Inland Empire after being offered an invitation by Taj Mahal to tour with the artist. The 20 year-old Harper and the blues legend then recorded Follow the Drinking Ghour(d) and toured Hawaii.
Source: _URL_


text:
The Pillars of the Earth
|The Pillars of the Earth|
|Followed by||World Without End|
The Pillars of the Earth is a historical novel by Ken Follett published in 1989 about the building of a cathedral in the town of Kingsbridge, England. It is set in the middle of the 12th century, primarily during the Anarchy, between the time of the sinking of the White Ship and the murder of Thomas Becket. The book traces the development of Gothic architecture out of the preceding Romanesque architecture, and the fortunes of the Kingsbridge priory and village against the backdrop of historical events of the time.
Before this novel was published, Follett was known for writing in the thriller genre. The Pillars of the Earth became his best-selling work. The book was listed at no. 33 on the BBC's Big Read, a 2003 survey with the goal of finding the "nation's best-loved book." The book was selected in the United States for Oprah's Book Club in 2007. Follett published a sequel, entitled World Without End (2007).
Set during the reign of King Stephen and the Anarchy, the novel explores themes of intrigue and conspiracy against historical events. It explores the development of medieval architecture, the civil war, secular/religious conflicts, and shifting political loyalties.
The story is divided into six sections plus a prologue. The headings are:
- Prologue, 1123
- Part One, 1135–1136
- Part Two, 1136–1137
- Part Three, 1140–1142
- Part Four, 1142–1145
- Part Five, _PHONE_
- Part Six, 1170–1174
Plot summary
After the sinking of the White Ship, King Henry I of England is left without a clear heir, and The Anarchy begins upon his death. Two candidates (Henry's nephew Stephen of Blois and Henry's daughter Maud) present their claims, build their armies, and fight for the throne. Ambitious nobles and churchmen take sides, hoping to gain advantages.
Tom Builder and his family roam southern England, seeking work. In midwinter, his starving wife, Agnes, dies in childbirth, forcing them to leave the baby (later found and brought to Kingsbridge to be a monk, unknown to Tom Builder). He encounters a woman Ellen, who lives in a forest cave with her son, Jack, whose father was a French jongleur who was executed after washing ashore and meeting Ellen. Tom settles in Kingsbridge with Ellen and Jack, and his own two children, Alfred and Martha. He works for Prior Philip, who wants to expand his priory by rebuilding a cathedral. Conveniently, the old Romanesque cathedral burns down the night Tom arrives, and none suspect foul play. Tom offers to build a new church and Phillip agrees.
Philip appeals to King Stephen for financial support and is given land and the right to take stone from a nearby quarry, which has been granted to Percy Hamleigh as part of the earldom of Shiring. Percy's interests are not in supporting the cathedral. Hamleigh wants to topple the earl Bartholomew because Bartholomew's daughter, Aliena, had rejected Hamleigh's son William. William attacks Aliena and her brother Richard at the castle; he rapes the girl and injures the boy. Homeless and destitute, Aliena and Richard go to petition the king for aid; at the court, they find their dying father Bartholomew in prison, who demands they swear an oath to work for Richard to regain the earldom. Aliena supports Richard financially by becoming a wool merchant, with Phillip's help. Richard becomes a knight for King Stephen, fighting in the civil war against Maud. Richard gains the king's favour by defending him at the Battle of Lincoln.
Tom, meanwhile, has been building the cathedral, and living with his children, Alfred and Martha, his lover Ellen and her son Jack. Alfred bullies Jack. When Ellen and Tom are discovered to be unmarried, a charge of fornication is brought against them. Outraged, Ellen returns to the forest with Jack. Tom befriends Prior Philip and, when Ellen returns, he persuades Philip to allow them to marry. As masons, Jack and Alfred fight again. While the better mason and a skilled sculptor, Jack is expelled from the cathedral construction. He becomes a novice monk in order to stay in Kingsbridge.
William and Richard compete for the earldom, but it has been bankrupted by the prosperity of Kingsbridge at Shiring's expense. Attempting to restore his fortunes, William burns down Kingsbridge and kills many people, including Tom Builder. After losing her fortune again, Aliena agrees to marry Alfred, as he promised to support Richard in exchange. Jack and Aliena make love on the morning of her wedding. When she marries Alfred anyway, Ellen curses the wedding and renders him impotent.
Jack goes to France and hones his skills as a sculptor and mason. Having learned his father's identity, he meets his family in Cherbourg. He did not know that Aliena was pregnant.
In Kingsbridge, Alfred persuades Philip to replace the wooden roof with a stone vault. The building collapses during a service, killing many people. Aliena gives birth to a red-headed son, and Alfred abandons her, as he has been impotent: the baby can't be his. Aliena follows evidence of Jack's sculpture through France, finding him in Paris.
They make love, and she tells him of the collapsed roof and lost relic. Jack and Aliena return to England with their baby and they seek permission to marry. Philip forbids the union until her marriage to Alfred is annulled. This requires Waleran Bigod's recommendation to the archibishop, but Bigod and the Hamleighs are allies, and they intend to ruin Philip and Aliena.
Meanwhile, Richard has joined the forces of Maud's son, Henry, Count of Anjou. When Henry invades, Stephen agrees to have Henry succeed him, with all properties to revert to those who had owned them prior to Stephen's reign. Frustrated that Richard will not gain the earldom until Stephen's death, Aliena persuades William's young wife, Elizabeth, to hand the castle over to them. William returns to the village of Hamleigh as sheriff.
After many years, Kingsbridge cathedral is completed. Waleran accuses Prior Philip of fornication by claiming the monk Jonathan is Philip's son. Ellen swears that Jonathan is Tom Builder's son. After Waleran accuses her of perjury, she exposes his own perjury and complicity in a conspiracy to sink the White Ship carrying William Adelin, heir of King Henry I.
Meanwhile, William Hamleigh has become involved with the plot to assassinate Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. William is convicted of sacrilege and hanged for his part in the plot. The Pope forces King Henry's public repentance and symbolic subjugation of the crown to the church.
In the 1999 Preface to The Pillars of the Earth Follett tells readers that he grew up in a Puritan-based family, whose worship space was very spare. In preparing for writing, he was reading about medieval architecture, and
-...developed an interest in cathedrals. Before too long, it occurred to me to channel this enthusiasm into a novel. I knew it had to be a long book. It took at least thirty years to build a cathedral and most took longer because they would run out of money, or be attacked or invaded. So the story covers the entire lives of the main characters. My publishers were a little nervous about such a very unlikely subject but, paradoxically, it is my most popular book. It's also the book I'm most proud of. It recreates, quite vividly, the entire life of the village and the people who live there. You feel you know the place and the people as intimately as if you yourself were living there in the Middle Ages.
The Preface includes the following sources:
- An Outline of European Architecture, by Nicholas Pevsner.
- The Cathedral Builders, by Jean Gimpel.
- The Medieval Machine, by Jean Gimpel.
The novel's Kingsbridge is fictional. He set it in Marlborough, Wiltshire; Follett chose that location because the cathedrals of Winchester, Gloucester, and Salisbury could be reached from there within a few days on horseback. Kingsbridge Cathedral as described is based on the cathedrals of Wells and Salisbury.
Historical accuracy
While the book has been praised for its description of Medieval life, it also features some historical inaccuracies. Some of these might be to make the characters and the plot more suited for modern readers while some are clear anachronisms:
- The English nobility of that period were Norman French immigrants. Norman French was the language of the court and upper class and it did not spread far into the rest of the English society. The ability of ordinary Englishmen to speak French was considered unusual. Thus many of the encounters across social classes presented in the book have been characterized as implausible by some critics, although in fact bilingualism was then emerging in English society for practical and mercantile reasons. For example, the noblewoman Aliena (presumably a native Norman French-speaker) becomes a successful wool merchant, communicating with the Anglo-Saxon-speaking locals and running a successful business among them.
- Sugar is mentioned several times in the book. Sugar was not available in England at that time

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Brain-Based Foreign Language Learning Merzlikina Kate 14A01.
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Presentation on theme: "Brain-Based Foreign Language Learning Merzlikina Kate 14A01."— Presentation transcript:
1 Brain-Based Foreign Language Learning Merzlikina Kate 14A01
3 Mental Perception The meaningful brain The curious brain The emotional brain The social brain The conscious & subconscious brain
4 The meaningful brain Meaning is more important to the brain than information is. The brain searches for meaning through patterning. Patterning allows for the storage and connection of information into meaningful categories.
5 The curious brain The brain is attracted to novelty. It tends to become more active when exposed to new ideas and challenges.
6 The emotional brain Emotions and intelligence originate in separate places in the brain, however, their paths cross each other - they are inseparable. It can be enhanced by stimulus and challenge.
7 The social brain Our brain is social. Interaction and social status impact stress level. Language learning becomes more effective in a learner friendly setting where scaffolding, cooperative learning, and social interaction take place.
8 The conscious and subconscious brain Learning involves both conscious and subconscious processes. Learning not only takes place in the classroom but occurs in everyday life. Successful language learners extend their learning beyond the textbook and the classroom.
9 Mel Levine: Founder of All Kinds of Minds Institute … transform a verbal into a visual task, and a visual task into a kinesthetic one. Challenging the brain, not numbing it with overload, keeps the mind happily humming and is essential to teaching. A Mind at a Time (2002)
11 Engage the Emotional Brain Why do I have to learn Chinese? I have no choice, its the ONLY language offered here! Vs. I LOVE CHINESE! We wrote skits and they were soooo funny! My Chinese teacher taught us the coolest song in class!
12 Engage the Emotional Brain But thats not REAL learning! Real learning entails suffering! But I didnt learn that way!
13 Engaging the Meaningful Brain What is the purpose of learning a language? To know all the rules and never make a mistake To pronounce every tone perfectly To communicate and share your meaning Language teaching is the perfect place to practice engaging, brain-based learning
14 Music and Movement Listening to music creates state of relaxed alertness Music creates emotion in students Enjoy listening to music Conscious and Subconscious Brain
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Creating and Using a DataView Object
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Creating and Using a DataView Object In this section, you'll learn how to filter and sort rows with a DataView object. You create a DataView object using one of the following constructors
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Nội dung Text: Creating and Using a DataView Object
 1. Creating and Using a DataView Object In this section, you'll learn how to filter and sort rows with a DataView object. You create a DataView object using one of the following constructors: DataView() DataView(DataTable myDataTable) DataView(DataTable myDataTable, string filterExpression, string sortExpression, DataViewRowState rowState) where • myDataTable specifies the DataTable that your DataView is associated with. Your DataView will read the rows from this DataTable. The Table property of your DataView is set to myDataTable. • filterExpression specifies a string containing the expression you want to filter the rows by. The RowFilter property of your DataView is set to filterExpression. • sortExpression specifies a string containing the expression you want to sort the rows by. The Sort property of your DataView is set to sortExpression. • rowState specifies an additional filter to apply to the rows; rowState filters by the DataRowView-State of the DataViewRow objects in your DataView. The RowStateFilter of your DataView is set to rowState. Before you create a DataView, you first need a DataTable from which to read rows. The following example creates and populates a DataTable named customersDT that contains rows from the Customers table: SqlCommand mySqlCommand = mySqlConnection.CreateCommand(); mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT CustomerID, CompanyName, Country " + "FROM Customers"; SqlDataAdapter mySqlDataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(); mySqlDataAdapter.SelectCommand = mySqlCommand; DataSet myDataSet = new DataSet(); mySqlConnection.Open(); mySqlDataAdapter.Fill(myDataSet, "Customers"); mySqlConnection.Close(); DataTable customersDT = myDataSet.Tables["Customers"]; Let's say you want to filter the rows in CustomersDT to view just the customers in the UK. Your filter string expression would be
 2. string filterExpression = "Country = 'UK'"; Note Notice that UK is placed within single quotes. This is because UK is a string literal. Also, let's say you want to sort those rows by ascending CustomerID column values and descending CompanyName column values. Therefore, your sort expression would be string sortExpression = "CustomerID ASC, CompanyName DESC"; Note ASC sorts in ascending order. DESC sorts in descending order. Finally, let's say you wanted to view only the original rows in the DataView; you therefore set your row state filter to DataViewRowState.OriginalRows: DataViewRowState rowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.OriginalRows; Note The default is DataViewRowState.CurrentRows, which includes rows in your DataView for which the DataViewRowState is Unchanged, Added, and ModifiedCurrent. The following example creates a DataView object named customersDV and passes customersDT, filterExpression, sortExpression, and rowStateFilter to the DataView constructor: DataView customersDV = new DataView( customersDT, filterExpression, sortExpression, rowStateFilter ); You can also create a DataView and set the Table, RowFilter, Sort, and RowStateFilter properties individually. For example: DataView customersDV = new DataView(); customersDV.Table = customersDT; customersDV.RowFilter = filterExpression; customersDV.Sort = sortExpression; customersDV.RowStateFilter = rowStateFilter; A DataView stores rows as DataRowView objects, and the rows are read from the DataRow objects stored in the underlying DataTable. The following example uses a foreach loop to display the DataRowView objects in the customersDV DataView:
 3. foreach (DataRowView myDataRowView in customersDV) { for (int count = 0; count < customersDV.Table.Columns.Count; count++) { Console.WriteLine(myDataRowView[count]); } Console.WriteLine(""); } Note that myDataRowView[count] returns the value of the column at the numeric position specified by count. For example, myDataRowView[0] returns the value of the CustomerID column. You'll learn more about the DataRowView class later in the section "The DataRowView Class." Listing 13.1 shows a program that uses the previous code examples. Listing 13.1: USINGDATAVIEW.CS /* UsingDataView.cs illustrates the use of a DataView object to filter and sort rows */ using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; class UsingDataView { public static void Main() { SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new SqlConnection( "server=localhost;database=Northwind;uid=sa;pwd=sa" ); SqlCommand mySqlCommand = mySqlConnection.CreateCommand(); mySqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT CustomerID, CompanyName, Country " + "FROM Customers"; SqlDataAdapter mySqlDataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(); mySqlDataAdapter.SelectCommand = mySqlCommand; DataSet myDataSet = new DataSet(); mySqlConnection.Open(); mySqlDataAdapter.Fill(myDataSet, "Customers");
 4. mySqlConnection.Close(); DataTable customersDT = myDataSet.Tables["Customers"]; // set up the filter and sort expressions string filterExpression = "Country = 'UK'"; string sortExpression = "CustomerID ASC, CompanyName DESC"; DataViewRowState rowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.OriginalRows; // create a DataView object named customersDV DataView customersDV = new DataView(); customersDV.Table = customersDT; customersDV.RowFilter = filterExpression; customersDV.Sort = sortExpression; customersDV.RowStateFilter = rowStateFilter; // display the rows in the customersDV DataView object foreach (DataRowView myDataRowView in customersDV) { for (int count = 0; count < customersDV.Table.Columns.Count; count++) { Console.WriteLine(myDataRowView[count]); } Console.WriteLine(""); } } } Notice that the rows in customersDV are filtered to those for which the Country is UK, and the resulting rows are then sorted by CustomerID. The output from this program is as follows: AROUT Around the Horn UK BSBEV B's Beverages UK CONSH Consolidated Holdings UK
 5. EASTC Eastern Connection UK ISLAT Island Trading UK NORTS North/South UK SEVES Seven Seas Imports UK
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Increase Muscle Strength Through Mental Visualization
Optimize your physical performance with hypnosis
Increase Muscle Strength
Do you want to add a psychological layer to your workout routine, so you can boost your overall strength results?
Or perhaps you're unable to take part in a full strength building program at the moment for medical reasons.
Whether used in combination with physical training or not, mental rehearsal has been scientifically proven to be powerfully effective.
In 2007, the North American Journal of Psychology published a study 1 showing that a group of people who trained three times a week saw a 28% gain in strength, but another group saw muscle strength increased by 24% simply by repeatedly visualizing exercising a certain muscle.
Mental visualization is a whole body experience
When someone imagines taking part in a sporting activity under deep hypnosis, an observer may notice their muscles twitching, as well as changes in their breathing.
This is because it's possible to mentally activate nerve fibres, which in turn causes muscle contractions. And through repetition, the muscles and the nervous system learn how to work together for optimum performance.
Train your muscles through hypnosis
Increase Muscle Strength is an audio hypnosis session that will help you tap into the power of your mind to become stronger.
 - Your muscle strength steadily increases
 - Your muscles work more efficiently
 - You are motivated to improve your strength further
 - You feel prepared and ready for exercise.
Download Increase Muscle Strength and perform at your physical best. You can listen on your computer or device or via our free app which you can access when you have completed your purchase.
1 Mind Over Matter: Mental Training Increases Physical Strength
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OWL (Our Whole Lives)
OWL is a values-based curriculum that helps participants make informed and responsible decisions about their sexual health and behavior. It equips participants with accurate, age-appropriate information in six subject areas: human development, relationships, personal skills, sexual behavior, sexual health, and society and culture. Grounded in a holistic view of sexuality, OWL provides not only facts about anatomy and human development, but helps participants to clarify their values, build interpersonal skills, and understand the spiritual, emotional, and social aspects of sexuality.
In order for a child to participate in the program, parents must attend a mandatory orientation session. At the orientation session, the teaching team will introduce parents to the curriculum and the philosophy of the program.


AcroTeX - AcroTeX eDucation Bundle
What is the AcroTeX eDucation Bundle?
The AcroTeX eDucation Bundle (AeB) is a mature software bundle that has been under development since 1999.
The AeB, which is freeware, does not require Adobe® Acrobat® Professional to build an AeB document, and yes, it works for pdftex and dvipdfm.
The AeB contains support packages for
designing the screen size of your PDF
creating graphics overlays
writing interactive exercises and quizzes (with or without solutions)
inserting Adobe® Acrobat® form elements
embedding JavaScript into the document
An extensive set of examples and detailed documentation of usage accompanies the distribution. Many educators world-wide are using AeB to write educational materials for publication on the Internet. Why not you?
Get your copy of the AeB now!. It's free!
For further information on the AeB please also check the AeB website.


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Parents Early Education Partnership (PEEP)
PEEP is an evidence-based early intervention. It offer a strengths-based approach to working with families, valuing and building on what parents and carers already do to support their children's development.
PEEP exists to help:
- parents to improve their children's life chances by making the most of everyday learning opportunities at home from birth - listening, talking, playing, singing and sharing books;
- children to make the most of their opportunities by becoming confident communicators and active learners;
- practitioners to reflect on their practice and work with parents and children together to enhance the potential of parents as their children's first educators.
The PEEP Learning Together programme:
- helps parents / carers to understand how everyday activities help babies and young children develop and learn,
- helps practitioners to:
- demonstrate to parents the value of what they already do with their children,
- offer ways in which these things may be extended.
The programme is structured but can be delivered flexibly in groups or open access settings or with individual families. It can form part of a universal offer or used for targeted work.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Earthquake Glossary - seismic moment
The seismic moment is a measure of the size of an earthquake based on the area of fault rupture, the average amount of slip, and the force that was required to overcome the friction sticking the rocks together that were offset by faulting. Seismic moment can also be calculated from the amplitude spectra of seismic waves.
Moment = µ A D
µ = shear modulus = 32 GPa in crust, 75 GPa in mantle
A = LW = area
D = average displacement during rupture


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- Author(s): PAOLO COLLA, FILIPPO IPPOLITO, KAI LI
- Published: Sep 10, 2013
- Pages: 2117-2141
- DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12052
This paper examines debt structure using a new and comprehensive database on types of debt employed by public U.S. firms. We find that 85% of the sample firms borrow predominantly with one type of debt, and the degree of debt specialization varies widely across different subsamples—large rated firms tend to diversify across multiple debt types, while small unrated firms specialize in fewer types. We suggest several explanations for why debt specialization takes place, and show that firms employing few types of debt have higher bankruptcy costs, are more opaque, and lack access to some segments of the debt markets.


Discover the meanings of thousands of Biblical names in Abarim Publications' Biblical Name Vault: Hadassah
Hadassah meaning
Source: _URL_
🔼The name Hadassah: Summary
From the noun הדס (hadas), myrtle.
🔼The name Hadassah in the Bible
There's only one person named Hadassah in the Bible. It's the Hebrew name of Esther, who became the wife of king Ahasuerus and thus queen of Persia in place of Vashti.
The name Hadassah occurs only once in the Bible, in Esther 2:7, which reads: "...and he [Mordecai] was bringing up Hadassah, that is Esther, his uncle's daughter..".
🔼Etymology of the name Hadassah
Scholars agree that the name Hadassah is a feminized form of the word הדס (hadas), meaning myrtle:
Excerpted from: Abarim Publications' Biblical Dictionary
The noun הדס (hadash) describes the myrtle tree. It occurs in several related languages but it's unclear where it originated and from which verb it derived. That means that we don't know what action this tree was named after, and thus, essentially what the noun really means.
In the Bible this tree has nevertheless an important symbolic role, from booths made from myrtles to angelic horsemen standing among them, and a holocaust-averting empress who was named after them.
🔼Hadassah meaning
BDB Theological Dictionary, NOBSE Study Bible Name List and Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names unite in rare agreement and read Myrtle for the meaning of the name Hadassah.


Ethereum Hashrate Chart
The Ethereum hashrate chart provides the current Ethereum hashrate history in graph format with an option to expand the Ethereum global hashrate chart time frame back to 2016.
Ethereum Hashrate Now: 310.15 TH/s
Nov 30, 2020 02:55 AM UTC - 310,154,397,355,106 H/s
Loading Ethereum network hashrate chart Loading Ethereum network hashrate chart
The Ethereum network hashrate chart can be used to visualize Ethereum mining hashrate increases and decreases viewable in segment options of daily, weekly, monthly, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, and all time.
What is Ethereum Hashrate?
Ethereum hashrate is a calculated numerical value that specifies an estimate of how many hashes are being generated by Ethereum miners trying to solve the current Ethereum block or any given block.
Ethereum hashrate is represented in Hashes per Second or H/s.
The global Ethereum network hashrate is a calculated value and is measured in hashes per second (H/s). The calculation uses the current mining difficulty and the average Ethereum block time between mined blocks versus the defined block time as variables to determine the global Ethereum network hashrate.
As the Ethereum network hashrate goes up - the ETH hashrate numbers get so large that abbreviations must be used.
The current Ethereum hashrate is 310.15 TH/s, representing the global Ethereum network hashrate with a mining difficulty of 3.72 P at block height 11,359,735.
View the Ethereum hashrate chart for all time historical hashrates.
Hashrate Unit/s Hash Hashes Per Second
H/s (Hash) 1 One
kH/s (KiloHash) 1,000 One Thousand
MH/s (MegaHash) 1,000,000 One Million
GH/s (GigaHash) 1,000,000,000 One Billion
TH/s (TeraHash) 1,000,000,000,000 One Trillion
PH/s (PetaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000 One Quadrillion
EH/s (ExaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 One Quintillion
ZH/s (ZettaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 One Sextillion
YH/s (YottaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 One Septillion
It is important to point out the Ethereum hashrate does not determine how quickly or slowly each block is solved.
This timing, called the block time is enforced by the Ethereum mining difficulty value, which is adjusted upwards or downwards during each block difficulty retarget to keep blocks being solved at a constant time frame.
For more information about the Ethereum difficulty re-target visit the Ethereum mining page.
You can calculate Ethereum mining profits using the current ETH hashrate difficulty and our Ethereum mining calculator.
What is the Current Ethereum Hashrate?
The current Ethereum hashrate (ETH hashrate) is 310.15 TH/s at block height 11,359,735 with a difficulty of 3,721,852,768,261,272.00.
Ethereum Hashrate Stats
Current Ethereum Hashrate
Ethereum Global Hashrate
310.15 TH/s
Ethereum Hashrate All Time High
Ethereum Hashrate on Nov 29, 2020 at block 11,353,567
314.62 TH/s
How to Calculate Ethereum Hashrate
The Ethereum hashrate is calculated using the current Ethereum difficulty, the defined Ethereum block time, and the average block time of the last (X) number of blocks.
Most full Ethereum nodes will have an option to see the current Ethereum global hashrate using the "getnetworkhashps" command in the console window.
Ethereum getnetworkhashps
Given the fact that the Ethereum difficulty value determines statically how many hashes are needed to solve the next block, it is recommended to use the current mining difficulty to determine the statistically accurate number of Ethereum that can be mined in a given time frame.
Once again we recommend using our Ethereum mining calculator as the current Ethereum difficulty is preloaded, along with the latest Ethereum price.
Ethereum Ethereum Price
$26.58 (4.58 %)
24 hour change
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INFLUENCE OF DETERMINISTIC AND STOCHASTIC HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS ON PREFERENTIAL FLOW PATHWAYS IN A GLACIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM
MODPATH was used to track the pathways of 100 particles released as line sources at five depth intervals with documented 1,4-dioxane concentrations along the boundary of the contaminant source area. Pathways for 100 realizations of each ensemble were combined to produce cross sections showing the frequency of particles passing through individual model cells along transects spaced at 1 km intervals downgradient of the line source and adjacent to the hypothesized groundwater discharge location along the Huron River approximately 8 km from the line source. Results revealed dispersion of preferential flow pathways related to stochastic K variability proximal to the line source, followed by increasing channelization into preferential flow pathways related to the deterministic hydrostratigraphic framework farther downgradient. Differences in the spatial distribution of particle pathways observed between the ensembles of SIS and SGS ensembles increased with increasing travel distances. These results suggest that the relative influence of deterministic versus stochastic components of hybrid models depends upon the scale of the flow and transport problem under investigation.


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Yaj mani mandap meaning in English
Meaning of "Yaj mani mandap"Viewed 38 times |
1. canopy to perform sacrifices under
Get English meaning of word 'yaj mani mandap'. Know Yaj mani mandap in English. Get the translation of yaj mani mandap in English language. Know the answer of question: What is the meaning of yaj mani mandap in English language? You will find the English word for Nepali word 'yaj mani mandap'. You can use this Nepali word in your daily life. Yaj mani mandap is a Nepali word.


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The Impact of L2 Students' Self-Efficacy on the Perception of and Approach to Their Academic Writing Practices in Their First Year of Study at an EMI University: A Longitudinal Case Study
Academic writing is a key skill through which students demonstrate knowledge of their subject areas and is most often the basis for assessing students' work (Uysal, 2010). Unfortunately, international second language (L2) students often find academic writing challenging and confusing. Students need to be able to deal with these challenges by drawing on their resources, that is by demonstrating self-efficacy. The current research aimed to explore how self-efficacy impacted on L2 students' perception of, and approach to, their academic writing practices, in their first year of study in New Zealand (NZ) universities. The study employed a longitudinal case study as its research methodology. Four study participants were interviewed regularly during the academic year. They also provided the researcher with their assignment instructions, marking criteria, and later, with the graded assignment and lecturer feedback. Findings indicate that the L2 learners' self-efficacy fluctuated throughout their first year of study, which, in turn, was reflected in the ways the participants approached and responded to the challenges of their written assessments at different stages of their studies.


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Robb Godshaw, from Syynlabs,
has created a haptic cube that gives you an impression of what the
temperature will be like tomorrow.
The cube, which Godshaw has named the Cryoscope, consists of an
aluminium shell surrounding a Peltier
element, heatsink, cooling fan and an LED, all controlled by an
Arduino. The cube is heated to a "neutral" state of 30C, and then
adjusted by the number of degrees that the next day's forecast
differs from room temperature (23C).
It takes into account wind chill and humidity to give an idea
what the following day will "feel" like, rather than merely
reflecting air temperature. So, for example, if the forecast for
the next day is for 18C, once those factors are all taken into
account, the cube's
temperature will decrease five degrees from 30C to 25C,
resulting in it being slightly cool to the touch.
Godshaw describes it in the video above as a "haptic
weathervane", adding: "Users enter their location into a web app.
The cube then automatically adjusts to the forecasted temperature.
By touching the Cryoscope, the user is able to feel tomorrow's air
You can see
the Cryoscope in action over on Godshaw's website.
Updated 08:29 09/05/2012: Godshaw has
redesigned the Cryoscope and is raising money for full production
over on Kickstarter.


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GET /manage/v2/databases/{id|name}/temporal/collections/lsqt/properties?collection={name}
This resource address returns the LSQT properties for the specified temporal collection. A value of true indicates that LSQT is enabled, false indicates that LSQT is disabled.
URL Parameters
collection The name of the collection.
format The format of the returned data. Can be either json or xml (default). This value overrides the Accept header if both are present.
Request Headers
Response Headers
Upon success, MarkLogic Server returns status code 200 (OK), and the response body contains the requested data. A status code of 401 (Unauthorized) is returned if the user does not have the necessary privileges. A status code of 404 (no such collection) is returned if the collection does not exist.
Required Privileges
This operation requires the temporal-admin role, or the following privilege:
Usage Notes
Enable lsqt behaviour on temporal collection in context database
Enable automation and set automation period & lag.
==> Returns the LSQT properties of the collection, "mycollection," from
 the Documents database.


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Join us at the International Thermal Conductivity Conference (ITCC) and the International Thermal Expansion Symposium (ITES).
Mineral oil is an astonishingly versatile compound. This complex mixture forms the purest of all-natural oils. So pure, it is frequently used in biomedicine, cosmetics, and food processing. Mineral oil is known to have low thermal and electrical conductivity and a great lubricant, making it an excellent choice for industrial and electrical industries. Understanding the thermal conductivity of mineral oil is especially important when using it as an electrical insulator and heat transfer agent.
So, how does one measure the thermal conductivity of mineral oil? In this application sheet, we set out to measure the thermal properties of mineral oil at temperatures ranging from 0 to 100°C with the THW-L200 sensor and our Measurement Platform Versatile (MP-V).
A 20mL sample of Mineral Oil was measured for thermal conductivity (W/m·K), thermal diffusivity (mm²/s), and volumetric specific heat (MJ/m³K) using the Measurement Platform Versatile (MP-V) with the Transient Hot Wire (THW-L200) sensor. The MP-V with THW method measures the absolute thermophysical properties of liquids and phase change materials.
Petroleum companies derive mineral oil from fossilized organic matter found deep underground. After time at deficient oxygen levels, the biological matter turns into layers of oil and gas – this is how gasoline and kerosine are derived. When these products are refined to remove all impurities (heavy metals, nitrogen, aromatic compounds, etc.), you get the purest natural oils, mineral oil.
This highly refined petroleum product comprises a complex combination of hydrocarbons and alkanes. The chemical composition is variable and set by the manufacturer depending on the desired performance and properties. The colourless and odorless oil has applications in various industries (Table 1). While all mineral oil is refined, white mineral oil used in food and medical applications is purified to remove any ingredients that may damage health.
The thermophysical properties of mineral oil are the characteristics that describe how it behaves under different conditions of temperature, pressure, and flow. Some of these properties include density, thermal conductivity, and viscosity. As mentioned previously, specific properties may vary based on the composition set by the manufacturer. In general, mineral oil is known for having low density, insulative capabilities, and generally having higher viscosity than water.
Table 1. Different applications of mineral oil.
Featured in Table 1 are some of the many applications of mineral oil across various industries, including fabrication, lubrication, pesticides, cosmetics, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. Light mineral oil, deemed safe for consumption, is primarily used as a laxative for humans and animals. It is also commonly used in creams and ointments to hydrate dry skin and can even be a binding agent in food processing.
Less refined mineral oil is widely used for industrial applications with low thermal and electrical conductivity. Being nonconductive is a crucial component of coolants and thermal fluids in electrical systems. Mineral oil is a known lubricant frequently used in precision grinders and hydraulic systems. This complex compound has seemingly endless applications because of its favourable properties.
The MP-V is designed to test the absolute thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and thermal effusivity of solids, liquids, pastes and powders. The MP-V features a powerful combination of transient plane source (TPS, ISO 22007-2) and transient hot-wire (THW, ASTM D7896-19) methods with a variety of compatible sensors.
Transient methods share similar theories with differences specific to their primary design. The sensors are electrically connected to a power supply and sensing circuit. A current passes through the sensors and increases temperature, which is recorded over time. The heat generated is then diffused into the sample at a rate dependent on the thermal transport characteristics of the material.
The MP-V features the proprietary intelligent Transient Plane Source (iTPS) function designed for testing and analysis automation. iTPS requires only the sample name as user input, and each sample's appropriate sensor and test parameters are determined.
The Transient Hot Wire (THW-L200) sensor is one of the many sensors offered with Thermtests' Measurement Platform Versatile (MP-V). The THW-L200 sensor provides simple yet accurate measurements of liquids and phase change materials (PCMs) from 0.01 to 2 W/m·K via the transient hot wire method and has a temperature range of -50 to 200°C. This sensor can withstand 20 bar/300 psi of pressure and adheres to an internationally recognized testing standard by complying with ASTM D7896-19. All Thermtest THW sensors have 2% accuracy and 1% reproducibility of measurements, making them a highly accurate and precise instrument for measuring the thermal conductivity of fluids.
The THW sensor has a detect current setting that determines the appropriate amount of current to apply based on a test measurement. By reading the test measurement results, a current will be set that results in an optimal temperature rise of the sample during testing. The sensor can be easily inserted into the sample holder, which has a capacity of up to 20 mL of liquid.
For this experiment, the thermal properties of Fisher ChemicalTM Mineral Oil were measured with the Measurement Platform Versatile (MP-V) and the Transient Hot Wire (THW) method. Roughly 20mL of the sample was added to the provided sample holder to be measured. Optimal parameters were determined using the detect current setting to achieve appropriate temperature rise and accurate, repeatable results.
Table 4. Thermophysical measurements of Mineral Oil with THW-L sensor.
|Temperature (°C)||Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K)||Thermal Diffusivity (mm2/s)||Volumetric Specific Heat (MJ/m3K)|
Mineral oil is a widely applicable, highly refined petroleum product. Understanding the thermal conductivity of this pure, natural oil is crucial for its use in many industries. The MP-V THW method accurately and reliably measures the thermal conductivities of liquids and phase change materials. This accuracy is apparent from the minimal disparity between measured values and expected values of mineral oil. The THW-L200 sensor successfully measured the thermal conductivity of mineral oil within 2% of the expected literature values.
Huang, L., & Liu, L.-S. (2009). Simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of food and agricultural materials using a transient plane-source method. Journal of Food Engineering, 95(1), 179–185. _URL_
Mineral oil. ChemicalBook. (2023, September 1). _URL_
Nadolny, Z., & Dombek, G. (2017). Thermal properties of mixtures of mineral oil and natural ester in terms of their application in the Transformer. E3S Web of Conferences, 19, 01040. _URL_
Shivokevich, P., Olsen, S., & Canary, C. (2021, March). Mineral Oil – Technical Report. Agricultural Marketing Service. _URL_


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St. Michael's Basilica (Historic Marker)
First Methodist Church at 1 N Palafox before San Carlos (Historic Marker)
San Carlos (Historic Marker)
San Carlos Mural
Rex and ISIS theatres
St. Michael Catholic Parish traces its foundation to Don Tristán DeLuna's landing on August 14, 1559. Accompanied by five priests of the Dominican Order and one lay brother, the first Catholic Mass in what is the United States was celebrated at the landing site of August 15, 1559, the feast of the Assumption of Mary. After a lapse of years, the Catholic Church's presence was officially established on May 10, 1781 by Fr. Cyril de Barcelona, the chaplain to the Galvez armada. From the first church in an old warehouse on Pensacola's waterfront, St. Michael has been a continuous Catholic presence. Three additional St. Michael churches were built along today's Jefferson Street over the next 100 years. The last of those churches was destroyed by fire in September 1882. This current site had been purchased in May 1882, and church construction completed in March 1886 and dedicated on June 6, 1886. Pope Benedict XVI elevated St. Michael Church to the status of a Minor Basilica on December 28, 2011 thus honoring the architectural and historic significance of both church and parish in the history of northwest Florida. The Basilica of St. Michael stands as a witness to the honor and glory of God in the Heart of Pensacola.
Pensacola's first Methodist congregation was established in 1821 by Alexander Talley, M. D. It met in a series of small, wood frame churches until 1881, when construction of a three-story, Romanesque Revival sanctuary was begun on this site. Service began here in 1884, but the building was not completed until 1890. The handsome red brick bell tower and gabled entrance portico of the church marked this corner of Palafox Street until 1909, when the property was sold and the congregation moved to a larger facilities on East Wright Street.
San Carlos Hotel
The imposing, seven-story San Carlos Hotel opened on this site in 1910 as the city's largest and most elegant hotel. Designed by the well known New York architect W. L . Stoddard, it was built by the local firm of C. H. Turner Construction Co. at a cost of $500,000. Its simple masonry design was embellished with Renaissance Revival exterior details. It was extensively "modernized" and expanded from 157 to 403 rooms in 1920s, and continued to dominate the Palafox streetscape for the next 50 years. Increasing competition and gradual deterioration led to its closing in 1982. It was demolished in 1993.
Pictured | San Carlos Hotel, 1920s, UWF Historic Trust
The San Carlos hotel, nicknamed "Gray Lady" due to its pearly-gray stucco exterior, sat at the corner of Palafox and Garden Streets. Built with over 150 rooms, she underwent an expansion in 1927 which brought the room total to over 500. Sadly, the Gray Lady closed in 1982, then was demolished in 1993 due to deterioration. Learn more about POP: Murals.
Isis Theatre and the Rex Theatre
Looking east across N Palafox Street, two early theatre buildings can be seen: the Isis Theatre (2 N Palafox) and the Rex Theatre (18 N Palafox). The Isis Theatre was built in 1913 and later acquired by the Saenger Amusement Company in 1935. This small theatre was the 'sister theater' to the Saenger, which sent overflow guests to this location. The building the Rex Theatre occupied was built in 1910 as the Rhodes-Collins Furniture Company. The building was converted to the Rex Theatre in 1937, by the Saenger Amusement Company, which used the building as a second-run movie theatre. In 2014, the Rex was renovated and the original Art Deco façade was preserved.
Pictured | Rex Theatre, 1937
Pictured | ISIS Theatre, 1945


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On a global scale, where is precipitation most common?
For ocean and continents
On a global scale, precipitation is most common in the tropical regions near the equator. This is because the warm temperatures in these areas promote evaporation, which leads to the formation of clouds and subsequently, rainfall. The consistent heating of the air and the presence of moisture create a favorable environment for precipitation.
To further explore this topic and get more detailed information, you can refer to reliable sources such as the websites mentioned above, which provide comprehensive information on precipitation patterns globally, including both ocean and continents. The first link leads to the Encarta website, where you can find a multimedia presentation on precipitation. The second link directs you to a web page that explains the fundamentals of physical geography, including information on precipitation patterns around the world.


room. This is a form of importance sampling, also called importance driven final gathering. We also subdivide anytime there are significant differences between neighbors to reduce noise, this is called adaptive sampling. NumAdaptiveRefinementLevels controls how many refinement levels there are, AdaptiveBrightnessThreshold controls how big of a neighbor difference there must be to refine a sector.
As to the Lightmass WorldSettings options, IndirectLightingSmoothness operates on the settings in step 4), the amount of irradiance cache smoothing.
IndirectLightingQuality increases the number of samples and depth of refinement in steps 5-7, the final gathering.
Sky light method (assuming static skylight, stationary is a bit different):
 1. The sky light HDR texture is exported to Lightmass as an 3 band spherical harmonic, which you can think of as an extremely low resolution cubemap (2x2 on each face approx). So if you have a very bright spot in the sky cubemap it will be spread out over a large region. This is basically prefiltering to avoid noise.
 2. We do a mini final gather at each lightmap texel and compute sky lighting with a very low number of rays. This is cached on the surface and will become the first bounce of skylight GI once the final gather accesses it.
 3. During the final gather, any rays that hit the scene look up the cached sky direct lighting from step 2), which now becomes first bounce sky lighting. Any rays that miss the scene and hit the background lookup from the sky SH, this is sky direct lighting. We refine the final gather based on brightness differences between sectors of the hemisphere, but no importance sampling is done because we don't have any photons from the sky.
So now you can see why static sky lights have limited quality and only support one indirect lighting bounce. This is something we could improve, but it's a lot of work and complexity. Specifically, we should actually export a cubemap to Lightmass, and do importance sampling of the cubemap's contents (trace more rays to the brighter texels).
This is pretty much Chinese to my hear but I'm happy to see devs interested in improving lightmass for arch-viz users!
You may have a potentially HUGE market in sight because everybody in arch-viz communities are talking about real-time/Unreal. I think eventually we all want to go real-time!
This is where I would like to get to in Unreal - not sure it's possible? It's just an HDRI and a Sun in Blender/Cycles render engine. There is some post processing in Photoshop.
What kind of method cycles use for G.I? path tracing?
Heh, maybe I got too technical.
Short answer - not without some significant work on our part. Pure HDRI quality is lacking. But I hear you guys loud and clear, that's how you want to light (as opposed to directional or spot lights).
while we're talking about lightmass…is there a way (or is it planned, even possible) to calculate lighting for just selected objects? for example, if we add single object/move or add a light, the engine tells us how many objects need their lightmaps calculated. if the engine can tell that, why not enable lighmaps calculations only for affected geometry? it would speed up things even further instead of waiting another hour and a half for light calculation to finish for the whole level when only one object was added…
These explanations are spot on (Made so many things easy and this is the minimum information required to understand lightmass). Till you guys made HDRI Lighting awesome in unreal engine, kindly let us know how to resolve some common issues which come when we simulate HDRI lighting with added support of Punctual lights.
Link to download above scene file - Dropbox - Error
Thanks Raghu, I'll take a look at that scene when I get a chance, hopefully monday.
It's possible, although a fair amount of lightmass processing (editor export, lightmass import, photon mapping) have to be done no matter what you want to build. Only the blue part in the Swarm visualizer (double click the swarm icon hiding in the taskbar when building lighting). It's not something we have planned just due to not enough time though.
My two cents
99% of the time I notice that if you go over a value of 2-3 on the "Indirect light intensity" ( on the main sun light I mean ) you'll have those light leaks all over.
I usually use, to boost up the intensity of the interiors, a skylight with a limited amount of intensity ( 0.2/0.5 ) and 1-2 of Indirect lighting.
Then bounce cards all over the place.
_USER_: +1 Raghu, to be able to build the lighting only for certain object will be a godsend, since if you're working on different environments and you just want to test part of the scene it'll be great to process only a portion of that or if you move some objects just reuild the lighting for those ( and the affected surfaces of course )
Okay, thank you. At least I know not to try and transfer my techniques over to Unreal and just work with what it gives me. Sure would be nice to be able to light scenes this way though. :slight_smile:
A workaround for that, which is what I am doing in my current project is organize the scene outline on different parts. I have exterior yard, ground level and level 1. As now I am working only on the level 1 I simply select all actors which are grouped in a folder from exterior yard ( easier if you arrange by type so you can only select static meshes) and simply set to movable and all the lights to not affect world. They will be ignored in lightmass. Might not be as easy as having an option like you mentioned ( which I also hope will be implemented at some point ) but does the job of lowering the building time.
I did some quick tests
 - I used "Static Lighting Level" 0.07 and "Indirect Lighting Smoothness 1.3"
 - It's possible to achieve the same lighting quality from vray
 - Kola's work it's pretty much the same as Alex Roman's vray works. The secret is in the
 shaders and the contrast. In the lighting pass you will definitely spot a lot of lighting errors. Even
 in Alex Roman's work, you can see lighting erros from Irrmap + LC solution. Darkness is our best friend
 in this case.
 - Here is a nice article for understanding better the photomapping process :
Have a nice study!


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St Mary's Roman Catholic Primary School
Wisdom & Faith
Friday 19th March
Homework for Friday 19th March
Please learn to spell the following words for the spelling test on Friday 26th March:
 1. word
 2. work
 3. worm
 4. world
 5. worth
 6. worst
 7. war
 8. warm
 9. towards
 10. ward
Please practise your spelling skills by using Lexia, for an hour, this week.
Please revise addition and subtraction within 100 for the maths test on Friday 26th March.
Use Times Tables Rock Stars and Hit the Button to help you to continue to practise the times tables and halving and doubling.
Please complete the activities that are set on Mathletics and try to use it for at least one hour during the week.
Aim to complete all of the tasks in all of the GCP books by the end of the Easter holiday.


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Looking for the perfect charger for your Samsung A13? Look no further! In this article, we will dive into the world of Samsung A13 chargers and explore what options are available to power up your device. Worried about compatibility? Don't fret, we've got you covered. So, what charger does the Samsung A13 use? We'll unravel this mystery and provide you with a seamless solution that ensures your device stays charged, no matter where you are. Get ready to charge up and never miss a beat with your Samsung A13!
What Charger Does the Samsung A13 Use? Your Ultimate Guide!
What Charger Does the Samsung A13 Use?
The Samsung A13, a popular smartphone model from Samsung, comes with a specific charger designed to provide optimal charging capabilities for the device. In this article, we will explore the type of charger used by the Samsung A13 and delve into the details about its compatibility, charging speed, and other important considerations.
Understanding the Charger Type
The Samsung A13 utilizes a USB Type-C charger for its charging needs. USB Type-C, often referred to as USB-C, is a universal charging standard that has gained popularity in recent years due to its versatility and faster data transfer speeds.
USB-C chargers have a small, reversible connector that can be plugged in either way, eliminating the frustration of trying to insert the charger correctly. This type of charger also offers faster charging speeds and is capable of delivering more power compared to its predecessors.
Charging Speed and Power Delivery
When it comes to charging speed, the Samsung A13 is compatible with fast charging technology, allowing it to charge at a significantly faster rate compared to standard charging. However, the specific charging speed may vary depending on the charger you use.
The Samsung A13 supports USB Power Delivery (USB PD), a fast charging standard that enables devices to draw higher power levels for quick charging. With a USB PD charger, you can expect the Samsung A13 to charge from zero to a significant percentage within a short period.
It's important to note that the charging speed also depends on other factors such as the current battery level, background activities on the device, and temperature. To ensure the fastest charging speed, it is recommended to use the original charger that comes with the Samsung A13 or a charger that supports USB PD technology.
Compatibility with Other Chargers
While the Samsung A13 comes with its own charger, there may be situations where you need to use a different charger. It's crucial to understand the compatibility of the Samsung A13 with other chargers to ensure safe and efficient charging.
The USB Type-C standard ensures compatibility between devices, allowing you to use chargers from other brands. However, it's important to consider the power output and charging capabilities of the charger to avoid potential issues such as slow charging or device damage.
When using a third-party charger, make sure it supports USB PD and offers comparable power output to the original charger. Chargers with higher power delivery capabilities can charge the Samsung A13 faster, while lower-powered chargers may result in slower charging times.
Charger Recommendations
Here are some charger recommendations for the Samsung A13:
 - Samsung USB-C Charger: The original charger that comes with the Samsung A13 is always a reliable choice as it is specifically designed for the device.
 - USB PD Chargers: Look for chargers that support USB PD and have a power output of at least 18W or higher for optimal fast charging performance.
 - Brands with Good Reputation: Opt for chargers from reputable brands known for producing high-quality chargers that adhere to safety standards.
Tips for Efficient Charging
To make the most out of your Samsung A13 charging experience, here are some tips:
 - Avoid Charging in Extreme Temperatures: Charging your device in extremely high or low temperatures can affect the battery's performance and longevity. Try to charge your Samsung A13 in a cool and well-ventilated area.
 - Use Airplane Mode or Do Not Disturb Mode: Activating Airplane Mode or Do Not Disturb Mode while charging can minimize background activities and optimize charging speed.
 - Unplug After Full Charge: To prevent overcharging and maintain battery health, unplug the charger once your Samsung A13 reaches 100% charge.
Following these tips can help you ensure efficient and safe charging for your Samsung A13.
The Samsung A13 utilizes a USB Type-C charger, specifically the USB-C standard with USB Power Delivery (USB PD) technology. This allows for fast charging and compatibility with various chargers that support USB PD. However, it is recommended to use the original charger or a charger with similar power output to ensure the best charging experience. By understanding the charger type, charging speed, compatibility, and implementing good charging practices, you can keep your Samsung A13 charged and ready for all your mobile needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
What type of charger does the Samsung A13 use?
The Samsung A13 uses a USB Type-C charger.
Does the Samsung A13 come with a charger in the box?
Yes, the Samsung A13 comes with a charger included in the box.
Can I use any USB Type-C charger to charge my Samsung A13?
Yes, you can use any USB Type-C charger to charge your Samsung A13. However, it is recommended to use the original charger or a charger that meets Samsung's specifications for optimal charging performance.
What is the charging speed of the Samsung A13?
The Samsung A13 supports fast charging, and the specific charging speed may vary depending on the charger and cable used. It is compatible with Samsung's Adaptive Fast Charging technology.
Can I use a wireless charger with my Samsung A13?
Yes, the Samsung A13 is compatible with wireless charging. You can use any Qi-compatible wireless charger to charge your device.
Final Thoughts
The Samsung A13 uses a USB Type-C charger. This type of charger offers fast charging capabilities and ensures compatibility with other devices. The USB Type-C charger provides a convenient and efficient way to charge your Samsung A13, enabling you to stay connected throughout the day. With its universal design, the USB Type-C charger is becoming increasingly popular and widely used. Therefore, if you are looking for a charger for your Samsung A13, the USB Type-C charger is the one you need.


ophanes' Birds, Prometheus uses one as a comical disguise to hide from Zeus.
 Gustave Calliebotte's Jour de pluie à Paris, 1877
 Gustave Calliebotte's Jour de pluie à Paris, 1877
 - The first lightweight folding umbrella in Europe was introduced in 1710 by Jean Marius in Paris. He received the exclusive right to produce folding umbrellas for five years. The item became an essential fashion item for Parisiennes after Princess Palatine bought one 1712.
 - In 1959, a French scientist combined it with a cane and a button that opened the umbrella. Their use became widespread in Paris and their prestige apparently plummeted. In 1768 a Paris magazine reported:


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Android: Capture and store an Image in an android app
Please create an android app that captures an image using the camera, stores and then displays that image in an imageview. The outcome of this task should be hosted on your github account in the form of a github repo with the name CameraApp.
The task will include following activities:
- Installing Android Studio and Android SDK on your local machine for App development.
- Starting a new project with the name of CameraApp.
- Defining the phone hardware resources needed by app in manifest file, in this case it will be access to phone camera and local storage.
- Creating an activity to capture an image and then saving it on local storage.
- Implementing functionality to display captured image to user.
The submission should include following funtionalities-
- Proper functional CameraApp
- Intuitive and aesthetically pleasing User Interface
- Functionality to capture image
- Functionality to store or delete capture image
- Functionality to display already saved images as gallery
- Any other functionality that students find worth including
Tutorials and recommended reading:
These are some links to help you do the task:


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CRAFT (Custom Resource Abstraction and Fabrication Tool) declares Kubernetes operators in a robust, idempotent, and generic way for any resource.
Creating a Kubernetes operator requires domain knowledge of abstraction and expertise in Kubernetes and Golang. With CRAFT you can create operators without a dependent layer and in the language of your choice!
Declare your custom resource in JSON files and let CRAFT generate all the files needed to deploy your operator into the cluster. CRAFT Wordpress operator generates 571 lines of code for you, a task that otherwise takes a few months to complete.
Reduce your workload by automating resource reconciliation with CRAFT to ensure your resource stays in its desired state. CRAFT also performs schema validations on your custom resource while creating the operator. Through automated reconciliation and schema validations, CRAFT achieves the objectives listed in the Kubernetes Architecture Design Proposal.
- Easy onboarding : Create an operator in your language of choice.
- Segregation of duties : Developers can work in the docker file while the Site Reliability or DevOps engineer can declaratively configure the operator.
- Control access : Control which users have access to the operator resources.
- Versioning and API interface : Work on a different version of the operator or resource than your users.
- Save time : Get schema and input validation feedback before runtime.
- Automated reconciliation : Automate resource reconciliation to lower your maintenance workload.
- Dependent teams work independently : Dependent teams can automate independently and create abstraction layers on top of your abstraction.
CRAFT is built with open source projects Kubebuilder and Operatify:
- Kubebuilder : CRAFT augments the operator skeleton generated by Kubebuilder with custom resource definitions and controller capabilities.
- Operatify : CRAFT leverages Operatify's automated reconciliation capabilities.


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About the Pomeranian:
Each bolded word below is a reason for why a pomeranian is a popular breed and each paragraph below goes into further detail on that reason. This post also shows the history of the pomeranian breed.
The pomeranian is a popular dog breed because of its size, its cuteness, and its fluffiness
Pomeranians are a small dog breed, that is what makes the pomeranian the perfect "hand bag" dog. Because of there size they are perfect for people who live in apartments or in the city.
They are just to cute I mean look at that face. Even after looking at a hundred photos of a pomeranian's face, I just can't stop thinking about how cute she is.
They are super fluffy, and therefore they shed a lot. But the pro of this is they can have adorable hair styles such as the haircut the pomeranian Boo has.
Dogtime.com: "Pomeranians were developed in the province of Pomerania from the ancient Spitz breeds of the far northern countries. The closest relatives of the Pomeranian are the Norwegian Elkhound, the Schipperke, the German Spitz, the American Eskimo Dog, the Samoyed, and other members of the Spitz, or Northern, group of dogs, all of which are characterized by their wedge-shaped heads, prick ears, and thick furry coats. Early Pomeranians weighed as much as 30 pounds. Even in the early days of the breed, Poms were popular. Notable people who were said to have Pomeranian-type dogs include theologian Martin Luther, who had a Pom named Belferlein that he mentioned often in his writings; artist Michelangelo, whose Pom sat on a satin pillow and watched him paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel; physicist Isaac Newton, whose Pom named Diamond reportedly chewed many of his manuscripts, and composer Mozart, whose Pom was named Pimperl and to whom he dedicated an aria. In 1761, the appeal of Pomeranians moved to England when Sophie Charlotte, a 17-year-old Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (a neighboring province of Pomerania) married the English prince who was to become King George III. She brought with her a pair of mostly white dogs named Phebe and Mercury that weighed more than 20 pounds, which was standard at that time. Although they were popular in royal circles, the new breed didn't catch on with the public. All of that changed during the reign of Queen Charlotte's granddaughter, Queen Victoria. During her 64 years as the Queen of England, Queen Victoria bred more than 15 different breeds of dogs. In her later years, she was especially fond of Pomeranians, which she first saw in 1888 during a trip to Italy. She fell in love with a sable and red Pom named Marco who weighed only 12 pounds. Today, many believe that he was the inspiration to breed smaller Pomeranians. Marco went on to compete under the Queen's name in many dog shows and won many honors. Victoria also bought three other Poms on the same trip to Florence in 1888. After Marco, Victoria's next most famous Pom was a female named Gina who also became a champion at London dog shows. Victoria loved her Poms so much that as she lay dying, she asked that her favorite Pom (named Turi) be brought to her bedside. Victoria's love of the Pomeranians, especially the smaller ones, inspired English dog fanciers to begin breeding even smaller Poms. From 1900 until the 1930s, Pomeranians often had the largest number of entries at Crufts dog show, Britain's national championship. It was during this time that the breed standard was stabilized, with the size coming down to its present weight and the coat developing its characteristic deep frilling. Also during this time, a wider range of colors became available. Early Poms were primarily white, black, chocolate or blue, but after an orange dog began winning at dog shows in the 1920s, the range of colors expanded. The popularity of the Pom spread across the Atlantic. In 1888, a Pomeranian named Dick was the first Pom entered into the American Kennel Club (AKC) stud book. In 1892, the first Pom was entered in a dog show in New York. After the AKC recognized the breed in 1900, Pomeranians quickly grew in popularity in the United States. In 1909, the American Pomeranian Club was accepted as a member club of the AKC and designated as the Parent Club for the breed. By mid-century, Poms were one of the most popular dog breeds in America. Today they rank 14th among the 155 breeds and varieties registered by the AKC."


Camera (Aero.Camera)
Construct camera object for use with animation object
h = Aero.Camera
h = Aero.Camera constructs a camera object h for use with an animation object. The camera object uses the registered coordinate transform. By default, this is an aerospace body coordinate system. Axes of custom coordinate systems must be orthogonal.
The animation object has the following properties:
By default, an Aero.Body object natively uses aerospace body coordinates for the body geometry and the time series data. Convert time series data from other coordinate systems on the fly by registering a different CoordTransformFcn function.
See Aero.Camera for further details.
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Crepe paper Easter egg dye recipe
Get your kids into the Easter spirit fast with this super-easy crepe paper Easter egg dye recipe. The brighter the colour of crepe paper you choose - the more fun the colour of the egg! This recipe is also a great kids Easter craft to keep them busy over the Easter holidays.
- Different colour crepe paper
- Hot water
- Small bowls or cups
- Slotted spoon
- Cooking oil
- Soft cloth
Soak crepe paper in hot water in individual bowls or cups for each colour.
Add eggs and allow to sit in water until he desired colour is achieved.
Remove with slotted spoon and allow to dry.
Polish with small amount of cooking oil and soft cloth.
- Also try making Easter egg dyes with natural ingredients.
- Dyeing eggs naturally is as much a science experiment for the kids as an art and craft activity. By experimenting with different foods, you can create a rainbow of colours with which to dye your Easter eggs.
- Hardboil your eggs first, and the kids can draw on the eggs with crayons before you dye them. The patterns will appear once they are coloured.
- If you want to keep your dyed eggs for a long time, you will need to blow out the contents of the egg. This can be tricky, so perhaps it's easier to simply make a basket full of colourful, hard-boiled eggs that will last as long as the chocolate stash from the Easter bunny.
- Thanks to our sister company Kidspot Australia, for creating the instructional video.