Statistically Significant
Andrew Landgraf's Blog
Yet Another Baseball Defense Statistic
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Fangraphs recently published an interesting dataset that measures defensive efficiency of fielders. For each player, the Inside Edge dataset breaks their opportunities to make plays into five categories, ranging from almost impossible to routine. It also records the proportion of times that the player successfully made the play. With this data, we can see how successful each player is for each type of play. I wanted to think of a way to combine these five proportions into one fielding metric. From here on, I will assume that there is no error in categorizing a play as easy or hard and that there is no bias in the categorizations.
The model I will build is motivated by ordinal regression. If we only were concerned with the success rate in one of the categories, we could use standard logistic regression, and the probability that player $i$ successfully made a play would be assumed to be $\sigma(\theta_i)$, where $\sigma()$ is the logistic function. Using our prior knowledge that plays categorized as easy should have a higher success rate than plays categorized as difficult, I would like to generalize this.
Say there are only two categories: easy and hard. We could model the probability that player $i$ successfully made an hard play as $\sigma(\theta_i)$ and the probability that he made an easy play as $\sigma(\theta_i+\gamma)$. Here, we would assume that $\gamma$ is the same for all players. This assumption implies that if player $i$ is better than player $j$ at easy plays, he will also be better at hard plays. This is a reasonable assumption, but maybe not true in all cases.
Since we have five different categories of difficulty, we can generalize this by having $\gamma_k, k=1,\ldots,4$. Again, these $\gamma_k$'s would be the same for everyone. A picture of what this looks like for shortstops is below. In this model, every player will effectively be shifting the curve either left or right. A positive $\theta_i$ means the player is better than average and cause the curve to shift left and vice versa for negative $\theta_i$.
I modeled this as a multi-level mixed effects model, with the players being random effects and the $\gamma_k$'s being fixed. Technically, I should optimize subject to the condition that the $\gamma_k$'s are increasing, but the unconstrained optimization always yields increasing $\gamma_k$'s because there is a big difference between success rate in the categories. I used combined data from 2012 and 2013 seasons and included all players with at least one success and one failure. I modeled each position separately. Modeling player effects as random, there is a fair amount of regression to the mean built in. In this sense, I am more trying to estimate the true ability of the player, rather than measuring what he did during the two years. This is an important distinction, which may differ from other defensive statistics.
Model fit
Below is a summary of the results of the model for shortstops. I am only plotting the players with the at least 800 innings, for readability. A bonus of modeling the data like this is that we get standard error estimates as a result. I plotted the estimated effect of each player along with +/- 2 standard errors. We can be fairly certain that the effects for the top few shortstops is greater than 0 since their confidence intervals do not include 0. The same is true for the bottom few. Images for the other positions can be found here.
The results seem to make sense for the most part. Simmons and Tulowitzki have reputations as being strong defenders and Derek Jeter has a reputation as a poor defender.
Further, I can validate this data by comparing it to other defensive metrics. One that is readily available on Fangraphs is UZR per 150 games. For each position, I took the correlation of my estimated effect with UZR per 150 games, weighted by the number of innings played. Pitchers and catchers do not have UZR's so I cannot compare them. The correlations, which are in the plot below, range from about 0.2 to 0.65.
Interpreting parameters
In order to make this fielding metric more useful, I would like to convert the parameters to something more interpretable. One option which makes a lot of sense is "plays made above/below average". Given an estimated $\theta_i$ for a player, we can calculate the probability that he would make a play in each of the five categories. We can then compare those probabilities to the probability an average player would make a play in each of the categories, which would be fit with $\theta=0$. Finally, we can weight these differences in probabilities by the relative rate that plays of various difficulties occur.
For example, assuming there are only two categories again, suppose a player has a 0.10 and 0.05 higher probability than average of making hard and easy plays, respectively. Further assume that 75% of all plays are hard and 25% are easy. On a random play, the improvement in probability over an average player of making a play is $.10(.75)+.05(.25)=0.0875$. If a player has an opportunity for 300 plays in an average season, this player would be $300 \times 0.0875=26.25$ plays better than average over a typical season.
I will assume that the number of opportunities to make plays is directly related to the number of innings played. To convert innings to opportunities, I took the median number of opportunities per inning for each position. For example, shortstops had the highest opportunities per inning at 0.40 and catchers had the lowest at 0.08. The plot below shows the distribution of opportunities per inning for each position.
We can extend this to the impact on saving runs from being scored as well by assuming each successful play saves $x$ runs. I will not do this for this analysis.
Finally, I put together a Shiny app to display the results. You can search by team, position, and innings played. A team of '- - -' means the player played for multiple teams over this period. You can also choose to display the results as a rate statistic (extra plays made per season) or a count statistic (extra plays made over the two seasons). To get a seasonal number, I assume position players played 150 games with 8.5 innings in each game. For pitchers, I assumed that they pitched 30 games, 6 innings each.
Conclusions and future work
I don't know if I will do anything more with this data, but if I could do it again, I may have modeled each year separately instead of combining the two years together. With that, it would have been interesting to model the effect of age by observing how a player's ability to make a play changes from one year to the next. I also think it would be interesting to see how changing positions affects a players efficiency. For example, we could have a $9 \times 9$ matrix of fixed effects that represent the improvement or degradation in ability as a player switches from their main position to another one. Further assumptions would be needed to make sure the $\theta$'s are on the same scale for every position.
At the very least, this model and its results can be considered another data point in the analysis of a player's fielding ability. One thing we need to be concerned about is the classification of each play into the difficultness categories. The human eye can be fooled into thinking a routine play is hard just because a fielder dove to make the play, when a superior fielder could have made it look easier.
I have put the R code together to do this analysis in a gist. If there is interest, I will put together a repo with all the data as well.
Update: I have a Github repository with the data, R code for the analysis, the results, and code for the Shiny app. Let me know what you think.


Statistics How To
Shape Parameter: Definition and Examples
Statistics Definitions > Shape Parameter
What is a Shape Parameter?
A shape parameter, as the name suggests, affects the general shape of a distribution; they are a family of distributions with different shapes. The parameters are usually known from prior statistical data or they are sometimes estimated from current data.
shape parameter
The Beta Distribution pdf, showing several different shapes with parameters α and β .
For example, the Beta distribution has a shape parameter. Changing this parameter changes the overall shape of the graph.
The exponential distribution
The exponential distribution does not have a shape parameter, so the general shape remains the same. Image credit: Skbkekas|Wikimedia Commons
In contrast, several other distributions do not have these parameters. They include the exponential distribution. Even though the exponential distribution can be squeezed, stretched, or shifted, the overall shape remains the same.
The most important thing to grasp about the shape parameter is that it doesn't change where the graph lies on the horizontal axis (that's the job of the location parameter). Nor does it shrink or squeeze the graph (the job of the scale parameter). It just defines the general shape of the graph for certain distributions.
In some distributions (like the Weibull distribution), the parameter can help define skewness. For example:
This is not a universal rule though, just a general guideline.
Other Parameters that Affect Shapes of Distributions
Some of the other parameters used to define distributions:
 - The Location parameter tells you where the distribution is centered on the horizontal axis.
 - The Scale parameter gives you an idea of the scale on the horizontal axis. For example, the scale parameter on a standard normal distribution is equal to one standard deviation (σ). It usually stretches or squeezes a graph.
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If you prefer an online interactive environment to learn R and statistics, this free R Tutorial by Datacamp is a great way to get started. If you're are somewhat comfortable with R and are interested in going deeper into Statistics, try this Statistics with R track.
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Shape Parameter: Definition and Examples was last modified: October 12th, 2017 by Stephanie


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Met or matched expectations: what accounts for a successful back pain consultation in primary care.
Georgy, E.E., 2011. Met or matched expectations: what accounts for a successful back pain consultation in primary care. Doctorate Thesis (Doctorate). Bournemouth University.
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Abstract
Background: Back pain is a common disorder, affecting up to 2 in 3 of the adult population, with the general practitioners (GPs) being the first point of contact for help. Bio-psychosocial management of back pain has been shown to be problematic. Meeting patients‟ expectations is alleged to play a vital role in concordance, adherence and satisfaction with the given treatment; a more potent aspect, however, could be a state of matched patient-GP expectations, which could have an influential effect on the process and outcome of the medical consultation. This aspect, however, has not been fully investigated in the literature and further research is needed to discern the potential importance of this matching on different aspects of the consultation. Methods: The main aim of the study was to investigate the matching of patient-GP expectations related to the back pain consultation in primary care by means of (1) developing a structured questionnaire that can measure this matching; (2) using the tool to measure the matching of patient-GP expectations; and (3) exploring the perceived importance of such matched expectations on different aspects of the consultation. Using a mixed methods sequential nested design, 11 GPs and 57 back pain patients (from 11 general practices in the South of England) completed the Expectations Questionnaire (EQ) that measured the matching of their expectations. Telephone interviews were then used for exploring the perceived importance of this matching. The study tested the hypothesis that the matching of patients‟ and GPs‟ expectations was perceived as an important attribute for a successful back pain consultation in primary care, from the patients‟ and GPs‟ perspectives. Results: The study showed that the EQ can be used as a valid and reliable tool for measuring the matching of patient-GP expectations. The results showed that patients and GPs had mismatched expectations regarding one third of the EQ items. These were mainly related to the psychosocial aspect of the management. The data suggested a trend within the back pain consultations, where patients were less likely to express their expectations and the GPs were less likely to enquire about any unmet expectations at the end of the visit, which could render many expectations unaddressed and unmet. Thematic data analysis revealed several emerging themes with regard to the importance of matched expectations, namely, enhanced communication, trust, empathy, satisfaction and adherence, and have identified different or lack of agendas, time, caseload, cultural and language variations and continuity of care as possible barriers to this matching. Conclusion: The study revealed several convergences, but also identified a significant mismatch between patients‟ and GPs‟ expectations. Matched expectations were perceived as a significant indicator of the quality of the back pain consultation. Considering the many challenges and difficulties in managing back pain in general practice, a state of matched patient-GP expectations has the potential for improving the overall consultation experience, in terms of both the process and the outcome.
Item Type:Thesis (Doctorate)
Additional Information:If you feel that this work infringes your copyright please contact the BURO Manager.
Group:Faculty of Health & Social Sciences
ID Code:18685
Deposited By:INVALID USER
Deposited On:31 Oct 2011 14:23
Last Modified:07 Mar 2013 15:49
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text:
Spectra Flow™ Downhole Fluid Analysis Tool
Accurate, Simultaneous Up And Down Waterflow Analysis
The Spectra Flow™ tool enhances water management by accurately detecting and quantifying downhole waterflow. The Spectra Flow tool effectively identifies the water source, entry points, and channels, and the service yields better injection profiles and more efficient conformance measures when evaluating downhole flow patterns.
Comprehensive water flow analysis identifies the source and speed of the water and determines whether the water is flowing up or down the wellbore, or inside or outside the casing (see figure). Water velocity is precisely measured using spectral data provided with continuous logs and stationary impulse step-down tests. For velocities over 50 ft/min, a more distant natural gamma ray detector helps improve overall accuracy. The Spectra Flow tool offers multiple configuration options for differing flow types, and its modular design permits easy combinations with other production logging tools.
Compensated Spectral Natural Gamma (CSNG™) Ray Service
Memory Production Logging (MPL™) Service
Pulsed Spectral Gamma Logging Service (PSG™)
Thermal Multigate Decay-Lithology (TMD-L™)
TracerScan™ Logging Service
WaveSonic® Crossed-Dipole Sonic Tool

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Configuring vFlows with User Defined Fields (UDFs)
A User Defined Field (UDF) can match up to 128 bytes of a packet starting from the first byte of the packet. The relative offset can be given to the match location. The length of the match can be from 1 to 4 bytes. Hardware with a Trident chip supports the creation of 8 UDF IDs. Each id can match a 2 byte portion of a packet. Creating a UDF with a length of 3 or 4 bytes requires 2 UDF IDs whereas a UDF with length of 1 or 2 bytes required 1 UDF id. The length specified for each UDF determines the total number of UDFs supported by Netvisor One. If you specify a length of 3 or 4 bytes, a maximum of 4 UDFs can be created. If you specify a length of 1 or 2 bytes, a maximum of 8 UDFs can be created.
A UDF adds a qualifier to the vFlow group, and you should create all UDFs before creating any vFlows.
This feature is disabled by default, and you must enable it using the following command:
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > vflow-settings-modify enable-user-defined-flow
You must reboot Netvisor One for the parameter to take effect on the platform.
To disable the feature, use the following command:
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > vflow-settings-modify no-user-defined-flow
A new command, udf-create, adds the qualifier to the UDF group in the hardware. This allocates UDF IDs based on the length. The command, vflow-create, also has new fields to provide the data and mask to be matched by the vFlow.
You can create vFlows with either one or two UDFs.
You cannot modify a UDF after adding it to a vFlow. You must delete the vFlow, modify the UDF, and re-create the vFlow with the modified UDF.

New Commands for UDF
To create a new UDF, use the following command:
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > udf-create name u1 scope local offset 10 length 2 header packet-start
udf-create
Create the UDF qualifier list
name name-string
Create the UDF name
scope local|fabric
Scope for the UDF
offset number-bytes
The offset in bytes. This is a value between 1 and 128.
length number-bytes
The length in bytes. This is a value between 1 and 4 bytes.
header packet-start|l3-outer|l3-inner|l4-outer|l4-inner
The header from where offset is calculated.
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > udf-delete name u1
udf-delete
Delete UDF qualifier list
name name-string
The name of the UDF to delete.
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > udf-modify name u1 scope local offset 20 length 4 header packet-start
udf-modify
Modify UDF qualifier list
name name-string
The name of the UDF to modify.
One or more of the following options:

offset number-bytes
The offset in bytes. This is a value between 1 and 128.
length number-bytes
The length in bytes. This is a value between 1 and 4 bytes.
header packet-start|l3-outer|l3-inner|l4-outer|l4-inner
The header from where offset is calculated.

CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > udf-show
switch name scope offset length header
------ ---- ----- ------ ------ ------------
k2 u1 local 20 4 packet-start
k2 u2 local 24 4 packet-start
udf-show
Displays the UDF qualifier list
name name-string
Displays the UDF name
scope local|fabric
Displays the scope for the UDF
offset number-bytes
Displays the offset in bytes. This is a value between 1 and 128.
length number-bytes
Displays the length in bytes. This is a value between 1 and 4 bytes.
header packet-start|l3-outer|l3-inner|l4-outer|l4-inner
Displays the header from where the offset is calculated.

The command, vflow-create, has the following new parameters:
udf-name1 udf-name
Specify the name of the UDF.
udf-data1 udf-data1-number
Specify UDF data1q with the format 0xa0a0a01
udf-data1-mask udf-data1-mask-number
Specify he mask for udf-data with the format 0xffffffff.
udf-name2 udf-name
Specify the name of the UDF.
udf-data2 udf-data2-number
Specify UDF data2 with the format 0xa0a0a01
udf-data2-mask udf-data2-mask-number
Specify the mask for udf-data with the format 0xffffffff.
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > vflow-create name vf scope local udf-name1 u1 udf-data 0x0a0a0a01 udf-data-mask1 0xffffffff udf-name2 u2 udf-data2 0x0a0a1400 udf-data-mask2 0xffffff00
CLI(network-admin@Spine1) > vflow-show
switch name scope type precedence udf-name1 udf-data1 udf-data-mask1
------ ---- ----- ----- ---------- --------- --------- --------------
K2 vf local vflow default u1 0xa0a0a01 0xffffffff

udf-name2 udf-data2 udf-data-mask2 enable
--------- --------- -------------- ------
u2 0xa0a1400 0xffffff00 enable


the world's most spectacular roads
Cerro de la Muerte is a high mountain pass at an elevation of 3,451 m (11,322 ft) above the sea level filled with steep curves and potholes. It's the highest point in the Costa Rican section of the Inter-American Highway, the Central American section of the Pan-American Highway.
The name of the pass means "Mountain of Death", since many travelers succumbed to the cold and rain in the past. This part of the highway has excessive potholes, steep, narrow curves, and plenty of fog.
Due its climb in elevation over thousands of feet, and pass through remote areas, it is important when driving in these conditions to be prepared. This road goes through different various climates and temperatures.
This road is usually open all year long. But flash floods and landslides as well as narrow curves and steep cliffs make the pass extremely dangerous.


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The Sunda flying lemur [Galeopterus variegates], also known as the Malayan flying lemur, is a species of colugo, tree-dwelling mammal. The Sunda flying lemur is found throughout Southeast Asia in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore.
The Sunda flying lemur is not a lemur and does not fly. Instead, it glides as it leaps among trees. It is strictly arboreal, is active at night, and feeds on soft plant parts such as young leaves, shoots, flowers, and fruits. It is a forest-dependent species. The Sunda flying lemur mainly forages in tree canopies. The Sunda flying lemur can also be seen licking tree bark of selected tree species to obtain water, nutrients, salts and minerals.
After a 60-day gestation period, a single offspring is carried on the mother's abdomen held by a large skin membrane.
Photos: SZoo, Singapore 20040523

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


You are here
EA-1482: Finding of No Significant Impact
Pilot Experiment for Geological Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide in Saline Aquifer Brine Formations, Frio Formation, Liberty County, Texas
DOE has prepared an environmental assessment to analyze the potential environmental consequences of a proposal to provide approximately $2.5 million for a field test of the geological sequestration of carbon dioxide in saline aquifer brice formations.


How does a dollar bill changer work?
Creating a good bill changer is a tough problem. The device has to work with all sorts of bills, from crisp new ones to ragged old ones, and it has to be reasonably good at telling real bills from fakes. In many cases, the changer also has to be able to sense the denomination of the bill. In order to accomplish these tasks, dollar bill changers use a variety of technologies. Several different patents listed below discuss techniques that people have employed. Some of these techniques have changed over the years as microprocessors have allowed more capability in the device.
Here are several of the techniques that have been tried:
 - Many of the early bill changers took advantage of the fact that U.S. bills are printed with magnetic ink. They could therefore use magnetic heads (like the ones in a cassette tape recorder) to pick up signals from the bills. Areas of the bill (like the background behind the president's face) would generate signals at a specific frequency, and the detection of this frequency would validate the bill. Different bills generate different frequencies, so the frequency can also help determine what the denomination is.
 The backgrounds from behind the president's face on a $1, $5 and $10 bill: Note the different spacing used in each one. The spacing can help determine the denomination.
 - Genuine dollar bills have a certain conductivity, and checking for the resistance of a bill can authenticate it.
 - Inks and papers have different fluorescent properties, and these properties can help tell real from counterfeit bills.
 - The optical properties of a bill, or a strip of a bill, can be sensed with a photocell or a camera and compared to valid patterns stored in memory. Different patterns from different bills can determine the denomination.
A good bill changer will use several of these techniques because people seem to have a very strong desire to outwit bill changers. If you read the patents listed below, you will find that they handle such things as people inserting just half of the bill, people inserting bills with strings attached so they can jerk them back out, people who try unplugging the machine with the bill half-inserted...
These links will help you learn more:


text:
Measurement of the transition form factor in ϕ → ηe+e − and ϕ → π0e+e− decays at KLOE
Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati - INFN -
a e-mail: _EMAIL_
Published online: 26 November 2014
In this work we present a study of the Dalitz decay ϕ → ηe+e−, with η → π0π0π0, performed using 1.7 fb−1 of e+e− collisions collected at KLOE in the 2004-2005 data taking period. The resulting branching fraction is: BR(ϕ → ηe+e−) = (1.075 ± 0.007(stat.) ± 0.038(norm.)) × 10−4. We have also studied the invariant mass of the dilepton system, extracting the slope of the transition form factor: b ϕη =(1.17 ± 0.10 −0.11+0.07) GeV−2. The ϕ → π0e+e− rare decay is also being studied using the same data sample. The branching ratio will be measured, with a consistent reduction of the actual total uncertainty. The double off shell π0 Transition Form Factor will also be measured for the first time in the time-like region, with the momentum transfer given by the e+e− invariant mass.
© Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2014
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
This is an alpha release and should NOT be used with worlds you intend to keep.
Added Tilt pages. These can be used with the new "Tinted Sun" page to tilt the sun's trajectory through the sky.
Added a new "Tinted Sun" page. This page is meant to replace the default "Normal Sun" page, though you can keep both pages available. They are each just as likely to be chosen by the Mystcraft grammar filler. A Tinted Sun is very similar to a Normal Sun, but is accepts several more modifiers:
- Color pages can be used to color the sun.
- Size pages can be used to specify the size. It only accepts one page: mini, small, medium, large, and huge.
- Tilt pages can be used to tilt the sun's trajectory through the sky. There will still be a 180° angle between the rising and setting points, just like a Normal Sun. Mutilple tilt pages can be combined to make a custom tilt. "No Tilt" is equal to 0°, "Half Tilt" is equal to 45°, and "Full Tilt" is equal to 90°.


IWYU
A brief overview of the updated code base for UE4, now using an Include-What-You-Use (IWYU) dependency model.
Windows
MacOS
Linux
IWYU.png
Include-What-You-Use (IWYU), as the name implies, means that the Engine's source code only includes the dependencies that it needs to compile. The purpose of IWYU is to avoid including monolithic header files, such as Engine.h or UnrealEd.h, thereby mitigating superfluous dependencies. The following reference guide tells you what it means to IWYU, including a high-level explanation of how to enable IWYU, ensuring that your project adheres to IWYU conventions. Additionally, if you opt into using IWYU mode for your game project(s), you will learn some general tips that will help you get the most out of working in IWYU mode.
IWYU mode is disabled by default for games and game plugins; however, IWYU mode is enabled by default for the Engine and Engine plugins.
What it Means to IWYU
In previous versions of Unreal Engine 4 (UE4), the majority of engine functionality was included via large, module-centric header files, such as Engine.h and UnrealEd.h and fast compile times were dependent on those files being compiled quickly through Precompiled Header (PCH) files. As the engine grew, this became a bottleneck.
With IWYU, every file includes only what it needs, and any PCH file we choose to use, purely acts as a layer of optimization on top of the underlying source files. They can be modified to minimize build times, independently of changing the source files themselves, and without affecting whether the code compiles successfully or not.
When writing IWYU code, there are four specific conventions that we adopt:
 1. All header files include their required dependencies.
 2. .cpp files include their matching *.h files first.
 3. PCH files are no longer explicitly included.
 4. Monolithic header files are no longer included.
IWYU Conventions
The following descriptions of IWYU conventions should give you a good idea about what it means to IWYU.
 1. All header files include their required dependencies.
 - There is a CoreMinimal header file containing a set of ubiquitous types (including FString, FName, TArray, etc.) from UE4's Core programming environment.
 - The CoreMinimal header file (located under the UE4 root directory at \Engine\Source\Runtime\Core\Public\CoreMinimal.h) is included first by most of the Engine's header files.
 CoreMinimalHeader.png
 - Within the Core module, most header files include the CoreTypes.h header file first. This only includes typedefs for primitive C++ types, UE4 build macros, and directives to configure the compile environment.
 The main takeaway is that every header file now includes everything that it needs to compile.
 2. .cpp files include their matching *.h file first.
 CPPFileIncludingHeader.png
 - To verify that all of your source files include all of their required dependencies, compile your game project in non-unity mode with PCH files disabled.
 3. PCH files are no longer explicitly included.
 - Although PCH files are still used, they're force-included on the compiler command line by UnrealBuildTool (UBT).
 4. Monolithic header files are no longer included.
 - The compiler will emit a warning if your Engine code includes monolithic header files (such as Engine.h or UnrealEd.h).
 Monolithic header files still exist in UE4 for compatibility with game projects, and (by default) a warning won't be emitted if your game projects include them.
Verifying IWYU is Enabled
Before establishing IWYU conventions with the release of version 4.15, UE4 code typically included a PCH file at the top of every CPP file, which is contrary to what a developer wants their IWYU compliant code to include. Following IWYU conventions, PCH files can be thought of as layers of compile-time optizations that are applied separately from how the code was originally authored. So, rather than composing and including PCH files, we leave it to UBT to decide which PCH file to use (if any).
If you want to verify that IWYU is enabled, ensuring that a module complies with IWYU conventions, open the module's *.build.cs file and verify that 'PCHUsage' is set to 'PCHUsageMode.UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs'.
ExamplePlugin_PCHUsage.png
Setting PCHUsage to PCHUsageMode.UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs creates an explicit PCH file for a module only if it has a PrivatePCHHeaderFile setting in the module's *.build.cs file. Otherwise, the module will share a PCH with another module, saving the tool from generating more PCH files than necessary. Also, keep in mind that when you enable 'UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs' mode, the source file must include its matching header file. Alternatively, if you want a module to opt-out of complying with IWYU conventions, you can set 'PCHUsage' to 'PCHUsageMode.UseSharedPCHs'.
ExamplePlugin_UseSharedPCHs.png
After converting the engine's code base to an IWYU model, we've observed significant improvements with UE4 compile times.
Running in IWYU Mode
If you're running your game in IWYU mode, you'll need to ensure that your .cpp file(s) include their corresponding .h file(s) first. This is a useful practice, because it enables the compiler to ensure that the *.h file includes all of its required dependencies (when PCH files and unity builds are disabled). Unreal Build Tool (UBT) will emit a warning if you don't include the matching header file first (for its corresponding CPP file).
If you want to disable the compiler from emitting warnings, you can set bEnforceIWYU to false in the module's *.build.cs file.
ModuleBuildCS_bEnforceIWYUfalse.png
If you want to disable the warning for an entire target, you can set bEnforceIWYU to false in the *.target.cs file.
General Tips
If you want your game to opt-in to IWYU, there are a few tips to keep in mind:
 1. Include CoreMinimal.h at the top of each header file.
 2. To verify that all of your source files include all of their required dependencies, compile your game project in non-unity mode with PCH files disabled.
 3. If you need to access UEngine or GEngine, which are defined in Runtime\Engine\Classes\Engine\Engine.h, you can #include Engine/Engine.h (distinguishing from the monolithic header file, which is located at Runtime\Engine\Public\Engine.h).
 4. If you use a class that the compiler doesn't recognize, and don't know what you need to include may be missing the header file. This is especially the case if you are converting from non-IWYU code that compiled correctly. You can look up the class in the API Documentation, and find the necessary modules and header files at the bottom of the page.
Additional Resource
In an effort to help our users convert existing C++ projects into an IWYU style, we released IncludeTool, which you can find in [UE4Root]\Engine\Source\Programs\IncludeTool.
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text:
Referenced Document has non-matching Internal ID
When opening assemblies, users sometimes get a message saying the referenced document has a non-matching internal ID. Let's explore why this occurs and how to remedy the issue.
What's an internal ID?
The internal ID is a number that is automatically generated and assigned to any part you create in SOLIDWORKS. This is not viewable or changable by the user. Once created, the internal ID will remain the same throughout the life of that part.
If you rename the part, the internal ID will remain the same. If you create a copy of the part and give it a different name, both files will have the same internal ID. If two files have non-matching internal IDs, it means they have the same name but different internal IDs. This means they were created independently of each other and are most likely not identical files.
Still confused? Here's an example.
When Part B is created from Part A, both parts will have the same Internal ID. Also, Parts A and B will share the exact same topology. This means swapping A out for B in an assembly typically goes much smoother because the face names (topology) match up. This is also very useful for design automation products such as DriveWorks or TactonWorks.
When Part B is created independently from Part A, they will have different internal IDs. Unless the files are purposefully built identically, they will most likely not share the same topology.
For instance, one may be started on the front plane while the other may be started on the right plane. The resulting solid geometry may be identical, but the part topology is different. Swapping A out for B in this instance will likely require the mates to be reworked in the assembly.
What you can do to fix it:
When you open an assembly and it informs you the internal IDs are different, you must decide whether this is the correct part or not.
Option #1: Is the referenced file in the correct location? Is the path shown in the dialog the expected location for this file? If not, select "Let me browse for the original file" and select the correct file. You may also want to determine why you have multiple versions of the same part number in the vault.
Option #2: If the file is in the correct location, was the file replaced with a more current file? If so, click "Use this file anyway" and the assembly will open with the file. Check the mates for the part to make sure they are correct. In most cases, they will not be unless the files were created identically on purpose.
Option #3: At this stage, depending on how the parts were created, the assembly may blow up. If it does blow up, close the assembly without saving. Reopen the assembly, and when prompted to use the file or not, select the "Open without this document" option. Once the assembly is open, you can delete the suppressed part from the tree and add it back in using the Insert Components dialog.
After opening the assembly with the correct part, you will need to save the assembly to update the file references. Once the assembly is saved with the new part it should recognize the internal ID from then on.


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- The Memory Overview view
- The Resource Utilization view
To be able to use these tools the system administrator needs the authorization role: sap.hana.admin.roles::Monitoring
How to start the analysis tools
Select the SAP HANA system that you want to analyze and right click to open the context menu. The Memory Overview view
In the Memory Overview view you can see details on the used Physical Memory, Used SAP HANA Memory, memory used by tables ans the memory used by Database Management. The Resource Utilization view
In the Resource Utilization view you can see details on used CPU, Memory and Data. These measurements can be combined in a graph to see the usage over a selected time period.


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عنوان مقاله [English]
Phreatophytes are the plants that supply their water requirements directly through the development of efficient roots from surface water resources and for optimum growth, the root should be in direct contact with water or a completely moist soil. Considering the importance of roots in the process of water and nutrient uptake from soil, it is necessary to study the mechanism of root adaptation to environmental stresses, including drought stress, especially in woody phreatophyte species, which are more important in forestation. In this research, the weight and length distribution of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh roots as a pharotypophyte species was investigated. The experiment was carried out under lysimetric conditions at different irrigation regimes (irrigation at field capacity as control, 30% and 60% of deficit irrigation). The results of this study indicated that the weight and root length decreased with decreasing plant access to water or deficit irrigation. The weight and length distribution of roots at different depths depended on the amount of plant access to water, so that the root distribution in the deeper soil decreased by increased deficit irrigation stress. Therefore, it can be concluded that, in contrast to xerophyte and mesophyte plants, the root penetration of E. camaldulensis depends thoroughly on the amount of water in the deeper soil depths. In other words, the dried underlying layers of soil inhibit the root growth in the depths, and the plant manages its vegetative growth through adaptation with available water in the soil surface layers.


Other Phone Options
Playing Your Message
Personal Distribution List
Tagging a Message
Calling a Sender
Replying to a Message
Recording Your Personal Greeting
Recording Your External Greeting
Recording Your Internal Greeting
Recording Your Temporary Greeting
Changing Your Password
Assigning a Custom Operator
Logging In
Previous | Next
Recording Your Internal Greeting
Callers from Inside your organization hear your internal greeting.
To record your internal greeting:
 1. While logged in to Voice Messaging, press 8 - 2.
 2. Press 2 for internal greeting.
 - If you want to hear the current greeting, press 2.
 3. Press 5 to record. Wait for the tone before you start speaking.
 4. Press pound to end the recording.
 5. When you have finished recording, you can play the greeting, rerecord it, delete it, or exit.
 - To play the greeting you recorded, press 2.
 - To rerecord the greeting, press 5 while at the beginning of the greeting. Record the new greeting and press pound to end the rerecording.
 - To delete the greeting, press 7 - 6 at the greeting.
 - To exit press 4.


Distributed Block - View: Magazine: Latest Cover
cover of August 8, 2015 issue
Crime-solving camera
Quick-change trick allows a digital camera to photograph blood concealed by paint
11:00am, August 31, 2012
 A digital camera fitted with the right filters, like the one shown here, can detect only infrared light. The crime-fighting trick can reveal bloodstains hidden behind layers of paint.
Criminals can't hide their crimes with paint anymore, thanks to a lighting trick and an ordinary camera.
In July, scientists reported that a standard digital camera can photograph blood even when it's hidden behind many layers of paint. All it takes are some small adjustments to the camera to turn it into a crime-fighting tool.
In an investigation, blood found at the scene of a crime is powerful evidence. It may contain DNA, which can be used to identify victims and criminals. DNA is the genetic material found inside almost every living cell. Like your fingerprints, your DNA is unique to you.
Glenn Porter, a scientist at the University of Western Sydney in Australia, worked on the new study and is an expert in forensic photography. Forensics uses technology and scientific analysis to uncover information useful in investigating a crime. Porter used to be a photographer for the Australian Federal Police. He told Science News that his team's new photographic finding might be useful, especially in the investigation of crimes that happened long ago.
"We hope it gives law enforcement the ability to go on hunches," he said. If investigators get suspicious about a cover-up, they can use an adjusted digital camera to take a photo of the area in question. That might come in handy for past crimes where the evidence trail appears to have gone cold. Most importantly, he notes, investigators can use this technique before gathering more evidence in ways that damage the property, such as scraping off paint or taking out a wall.
To turn a standard digital camera into a crime-fighting tool, investigators need the right filters. A filter attaches to a camera's lens and limits the light let in. To see behind paint, a camera needs to be outfitted with filters that admit only infrared light.
Light travels as waves. The wavelengths of infrared light are slightly longer than those of red light. (A wavelength is the distance from the top of one wave to the top of the next.) Those longer wavelengths give infrared light the ability to pass through paint, something visible light can't do. Human eyes can't see infrared, but cameras can — with the right filters.
Porter and his colleagues installed filters so the camera could detect infrared light, which is blocked in ordinary digital cameras. They put small drops of horse blood mixed with water on a board painted white. After allowing the blood to dry, the scientists painted over it. They tested several different colors and three different kinds of white paint.
Beneath two layers of black paint, the blood was invisible to human eyes. But not to the camera. Porter and his colleagues reported that the blood showed through six layers of black paint when photographed with the camera viewing the infrared light. Six layers of red couldn't hide the stains from the camera. Purple, orange, blue, yellow and green paint also failed to fool the camera. But two layers of white acrylic paint did manage to conceal the drops from the camera.
The new technique borrows on one that art experts have been using since the 1930s. They photograph paintings in infrared light to hunt for drawings that might be hidden beneath the surface. Drawings made with charcoal show up particularly well because the carbon in charcoal is good at absorbing infrared light.
Power Words
acrylic A common type of fast-drying paint.
infrared light Light that has a wavelength somewhat longer than the red end of the visible light spectrum but that is shorter than microwaves.
forensics The application of scientific methods and techniques to the investigation of crime.
lens The light-gathering part of a camera
Readability Score:
From the SSP Newsroom
Science News
Science News for Students
Eureka! Lab


text:
Research and Policy Support Services, Creative Ireland Programme
The Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media invites tenders for the provision of research and policy support services to the Creative Ireland Programme
The successful tenderer must demonstrate research and policy development experience across the public sector and have competence to deal with key stakeholders at the highest level. This includes government departments, local authorities, state agencies and bodies, national cultural institutions, etc.
The successful tenderer will be expected to have a good knowledge of the Creative Ireland Programme (CIP) as well as the broader strategic aims of the Department and the Programme for Government.
It should be noted that the following functions represent the nature of activities to be undertaken as part of the contract but are not an exhaustive list of requirements:
1. Provide assistance and support to the Director of the Creative Ireland Programme in respect of policy research and strategic development;
2. Support the Creative Ireland Programme Office in the development of specialist knowledge and expertise as required to underpin continuing work and particularly in relation to the following priorities:
– with the creative industries, particularly design-based, digital creative and content creation sub-sectors, in conjunction with other departments and agencies as required,
– on engaging the public on climate change through the cultural and creative sectors as required by the Programme for Government,
– to mainstream creative programming to deliver national health and wellbeing policies and strategies, and
– in relation to other relevant policies or strategies which may arise during the course of the contract that are related to the ambition for the CIP
3. Contribute to the periodic review of the CIP as required
4. Develop guidance and advice for stakeholders as, and if, required
5. Management oversight including quality control as well as provision of regular updates and programme support (i.e., briefing, memos, speeches, etc.) as required
6. Any other services which may arise during the course of the contract that are related to the strategic delivery of the CIP
See link below for further details.


"Security is not a product but a process" – Bruce Shnieder
A short answer to this question would be, yes, Roller shutters are safe. The preceding question would be can roller shutters be broken into? Just like any physical barriers such as a wall, they can be broken into. Does it mean you don't need them? No, because the level of threats that a physical barrier can protect you from will significantly add to you security to a degree that it has to be mandatory to the least.
The building material of construction such as plasterboard, brick, block, non-security rated composite panels, steel cladding or shipping containers, etc., can be breached in a surprisingly short period of time. The actual success of a breach or safety of roller shutters is dependent on a number of factors such as (1) ;
 1. Substrate material: wooden frames, steel frames, concrete brickwork etc.
 2. The Attack tools: Screwdriver, Claw hammer, Crowbar, Hammer, Disc grinder etc.
 3. Physical Barrier product (roller shutter door).
 4. Duration of the attack.
Given enough time and the right tools, any physical barrier can be breached or broken through. Which is also the reason that in most more layers utilised to reduce the risk. Simply put, physical security concerns four main areas: Deterring intruders (visible roller shutters, Security gates, sectional doors, higher walls, electric fence and burglar bars etc), Detecting and Delaying attackers (CCTV, intruder detections systems etc), and Responding to an attack (police or private personnel) (2).
With much attention being placed on the role of emerging technologies such CCTV connected to your phones etc. in the fight against crime in South Africa, it is often easy to become detracted from the basics of home security. However, good physical security is the bedrock and/or foundation of an effective security solution in your house and property. Without the delay to intrusion provided by an effective physical security barrier, detection simply tells you the intruders presence and intentions. It is therefore always important to ensure suitable physical security measures are in place and that those measures provide sufficient delay to enable the intruder to be detected and a suitable response mounted in order to apprehend the intruder.
Either the barrier is roller shutter, security gate or burglar bar. It is along this train of thought and or principle that we design our physical security barriers solutions at Xpanda.


text:
1. When you poop into a toilet and turn around to admire your creation only to find nothing in the toilet bowl.
2. When your poop disappears into the depths of the toilet without being seen.
3. A poop where the only evidence of its existence is something you felt or heard. There is no concrete physical evidence to be found.
1. I like to take pictures of my turds and text them to my friend Trevor, when I stood up to snap a pic of my latest creation I was shocked to see I just encountered a ghost poop.
2. My Grandmother has a very old toilet that sits at a weird angle. The poop slides right down the drain, so 3 out of every 5 poops are ghost poops.


text: Nowadays smart cities are becoming more and more a hot topic in the technological world. Some different approaches emerged and many city departments approved investigation and implementation of the smart city technology in their cities. The implementation of these processes is becoming a landmark for the modern cities. This paper proposes a generic semantic model to easily plug and manage heterogeneous smart devices and areas of cities, in order to integrate all the diverse components that constitute a fully integrated and functional smart city environment. This semantic model can be used in the most diverse city scenarios; to demonstrate it, a specific scenario is presented in this paper, describing the usage of the proposed semantic model to detect new components and share information among the smart components.


Top 10 Most Beautiful Birds in the World
All Time Most Beautiful Birds in the World You Would Love To See
There are over 10,000 different species of birds on our beautiful planet. And, although they are mostly charming, some birds are examples of pure beauty. The proof with these 10 increasingly rare birds considered to be the all-time most beautiful in the world.
Top 10 Most Beautiful and Incredible Birds in the World
1. The Blue Jay
The blue jay is a small passerine bird found in the forests of North America but also in the Gulf of Mexico. Beyond its magnificent blue plumage, this bird is known to take ant baths in order to get rid of parasites.
2. The Golden Pheasant
The golden pheasant is famous for its sublime multicolored plumage and golden crest that it proudly wears on the top of its head. Originally from China, it corresponds in every way to the description we have of the legendary phoenix. A solitary and omnivorous bird, it prefers to move on the ground rather than to fly.
3. The Blue-Headed Lorikeet
The blue-headed lorikeet is a very colorful parrot known to be very loud. Indeed, it has a wide range of calls and other twitterings. Endemic to Oceania, this diurnal bird has a brush-shaped tongue that allows it to suck nectar from flowers.
4. The Flamingo
The flamingo lives in groups and has plumage that can range from pale pink to red. It owes its coloring to the crustaceans it feeds on. This bird, which has a lifespan of 30 years in the wild, is known to be able to stand on one leg, especially when sleeping.
5. The Keeled Toucan
Found in South America, the keel-billed toucan, also called the rainbow toucan, is easily identifiable thanks to its long, colorful banana-shaped beak. It lives in tropical lowland forests and feeds mainly on fruits, but also on insects and eggs. This bird has the particularity of being endowed with a very playful character.
6. The Peacock
The peacock wheel is famous around the world. And for good reason, to seduce females, this bird from India does not hesitate to deploy the feathers of its tail, giving rise to a breathtaking spectacle.
7. The Hyacinth Macaw
The Hyacinth Macaw lives in South America and is admired for its incredible blue plumage but also for its size. Indeed, it is considered the largest parrot in the world since it can reach a wingspan of 1.50 meters in adulthood.
8. The Royal Crane
Present only in Africa, the royal crane measures on average 1 meter high for a weight of 3.5 kilos. She is easily recognizable by her crest of golden feathers that stands on top of her head.
9. The Horned Pheasant
Also called tragopan satyr, the horned pheasant is found in South Asia, more specifically in the Himalayan region. This colorful bird with orange plumage and a blue head lives in pairs in highland forests. It spends most of its time foraging on the ground and only perches at night to sleep.
10. Mandarin Duck
Native to Northeast Asia, the male mandarin duck owns a plumage colored inbreeding. At the end of spring, it, therefore, loses its colors to take on the same appearance as the female, whose colors are duller. Symbol of loyalty, this bird is famous for living with the same partner throughout its life.
Also Read: Top 10 Birds with Spectacular Beaks
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text:
What a great idea; cooking and architecture! How about buying graham crackers and using them as the base. Then buy or make royal icing as glue. Buy different candies for architectural elements; sticks, column, spheres, etc. Have the kids create a 'facade' of a building style. If you are really adventurous, have them do a complete standing building. Build these on cardboard sheets covered with wax paper or aluminum foil. If you are using icing in tubes, the kids could create scroll work with the icing on wax paper and then 'glue' it to the buildings with royal icing.
If all of this is outside of your budget, you can ask the kids to bring either a bag of candy or a tube of icing and then share. Take a tour of the candy isle and let your architectural creativity run wild.
It would be worth buying a box of disposible gloves for the kids, and maybe dress them in aprons.
From: Mark Alexander [_EMAIL_]
Sent: Monday, May 13, 2002 10:21 AM
To: ArtsEdNet Talk
Subject: Baking Architecture Recipies
Does anyone have any ideas combining architecture and baking?
My 8th graders need to complete an architecture unit, to meet the curriculum. I've introduced them to the three architecture orders of the golden age of Greece, and we've done a photo trip through our town looking at the Greek revival arcitecture, and we've discussed how the ancient Greek architecture has influenced our local architecture.
A large group of 8th graders wants to do a "Art Cooking" project (we have a full size kitchen range in the artroom, and a small fridge) I thought it might be fun to combine cooking with architecture.
Ideas I have not yet boiled down: architectural details in gingerbread, gingerbread houses, etc?
Any other ideas?
Thanks in advance, Mark (who can cook, but isn't a baker)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Math Mammoth British Money
Ships in 3-5 business days
Math Mammoth British Money is a worktext that covers money-related topics usually encountered during years 2-4. The book contains both textbook explanations and exercises, and is designed to be very easy to teach from, requiring very little teacher preparation. The book starts with year 2 topics, such as counting coins with pence-amounts and easy problems about change. From there, the lessons advance toward year 3, and finally to year 4 topics, such as practising with pound amounts, and figuring out total bills and change.


text:
Phase was a Force power that enabled the user to pass through matter, such as walls and doors.
An'ya Kuro was a known user of this ability. Bazel Warv could also use this ability. After Bazel used it, Raynar Thul said that Killiks developed the technique while they created the Maw. Leia Organa Solo suggested that it was Celestials that developed the ability since the Killiks absorbed the memories of any being who became Joined to one of their nests.
- The Clone Wars Campaign Guide (First identified as Phase)


How it works - Basic
~ Single Pinhole ~
Fundamental Law: Light travels in a straight line
A candle emitting light behaves in this way:
Tracing out some of the light rays illustrates this point
Adding a light tight box blocks light from entering box
If we add a small hole at the center, some light can enter
We can trace light reflecting off of the rest of the candle in the same way
And form an image of the candle upsided down at the back of the box
If we now add film at the back of the box, a cap at the hole to control when light enters the box and exposes the light sensitive film, we have a camera.
That's it. This is a basic pinhole camera and all that is needed to make images.
The rest is refinement to a specific end.


text:
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MINNESOTA Marijuana Packaging and Labeling State Law
Minnesota's cannabis labeling and packaging guidelines include the following:
- 0850 PACKAGING AND LABELING. Subpart 1. Medical cannabis packaging. The medical cannabis manufacturer must package all medical cannabis intended for distribution according to the following standards:
- In addition to the requirements in Minnesota Statutes, section 152.29, subdivision 3, paragraph (c), clause (5), medical cannabis containers must be:
- (1) plain;
- (2) designed to maximize the shelf life of contained medical cannabis;
- (3) tamper-evident; and
- (4) child-resistant.
- Medical cannabis packaging must not bear a reasonable resemblance to any commercially available product.
- Medical cannabis packaging must be packaged to minimize its appeal to children and must not depict images other than the medical cannabis manufacturer's business name logo. Subp. 2. Medical cannabis trade names. The medical cannabis manufacturer's medical cannabis trade names must comply with the following standards and are subject to approval by the commissioner:
- names that are limited to those that clearly reflect the product's medical cannabis nature;
- any name that is identical to, or confusingly similar to, the name of an existing non-cannabis product is prohibited;
- any name that is identical to, or confusingly similar to, the name of an unlawful product or substance is prohibited; and
- any name that contains language that suggests using medical cannabis for recreational purposes or for a condition other than a qualifying medical condition is prohibited. Subp. 3. Labeling. A. A medical cannabis manufacturer must ensure that all medical cannabis that is distributed is labeled with the following information:
- (1) the patient's registry identification number, name, and date of birth;
- (2) the name and date of birth of the designated registered caregiver, if applicable;
- (3) the name of the patient's parent or legal guardian, if listed on the registry verification, if applicable;
- (4) the patient's address;
- (5) the name and address of the medical cannabis manufacturer where the medical cannabis was manufactured;
- (6) the medical cannabis's chemical composition;
- (7) the recommended dosage;
- (8) directions for use of the product;
- (9) all ingredients of the product shown with common or usual names, including any colors, artificial flavors, and preservatives, listed in descending order by predominance of weight;
- (10) the date of manufacture and batch number;
- (11) a notice with the statement, including capitalization: "This product has not been analyzed or approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. There is limited information on the side effects of using this product, and there may be associated health risks. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery when under the influence of this product. KEEP THIS PRODUCT OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN."; and
- (12) a notice with the statement: "This medical cannabis is for therapeutic use only. Diversion of this product is unlawful and may result in the revocation of the patient's registration."
- Labeling text must not include any false or misleading statements regarding health or physical benefits to the patient.
- A package may contain multiple labels if the information required by this part is not obstructed.
For more information, please refer to the Minnesota Revisor of Statutes on Packaging and Labeling.


BDBComp
Parceria:
SBC
A Generalized Model for Distributed Comparison-Based System-Level Diagnosis
Luiz AlbiniElias Procópio Duarte Jr.Roverli Pereira Ziwich
This work introduces a new system-level diagnosismodel and an algorithm based on this model: Hi-Comp(Hierarchical Comparison-based Adaptive DistributedSystem-Level Diagnosis algorithm). This algorithm allowsthe diagnosis of systems that can be represented by a completegraph. Hi-Comp is the first diagnosis algorithm thatis, at the same time, hierarchical, distributed and comparison-based. The algorithm is not limited to crash faultdiagnosis, because its tests are based on comparisons. Toperform a test, a processor sends a task to two processorsof the system that, after executing the task, send their outputsback to the tester. The tester compares the two outputs;if the comparison produces a match, the tester considersthe tested processors fault-free; on the other hand, ifthe comparison produces a mismatch, the tester considersthat at least one of the two tested processors is faulty, butcan not determine which one. Considering a system of Nnodes, it is proved that the algorithm's diagnosability is(N–1) and the latency is log2N testing rounds. Furthermore,a formal proof of the maximum number of tests requiredper testing round is presented, which can be O(N3).Simulation results are also presented.
_URL_
Caso o link acima esteja inválido, faça uma busca pelo texto completo na Web: Buscar na Web
Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Computação - Contato: _EMAIL_
 Mantida por:
LBD


Figure 5.
Weekly LS mean sleep quality score. Weekly assessment analyses based on the results of the MMRM analysis with weekly mean sleep quality score defined as the mean of the last seven daily diary sleep quality ratings. Scores range from 0 to 10 with higher scores indicating decreased sleep quality. Mean value (± SE) shown for each week, where ***P ≤0.0001 for each treatment time point compared with placebo.
Download authors' original image


text:
||Senior Information Manager
|Temp or Perm:
NRL currently have an opportunity for a Senior Information Manager to join my client on a large nuclear framework. This is an initial 12 month contract position based in Warrington.
Under broad direction, applies detailed knowledge of IM and EPC project execution to lead, promote, and organize effective communication of project information comprising documentation and data using advanced engineering design tools, information systems and technology to support collaborative global working. Develops and documents IM specifications, strategy and plans for implementing and applying IM solutions. Leads the implementation of effective and efficient work processes for document/data and 3D model management. Manages the handover of electronic deliverables to appropriate customers (Construction, Commissioning, Operations etc.). Responsible for implementing procedures for assurance of the quality of project data, documents, and 3D models.
You will need:
What's in it for you?:
- Must be a good communicator, confident, assertive, self-motivated, goal orientated, innovative and proactive and forward looking.
- Must be able to accept responsibility and understanding accountability.
- Able to identify & facilitate the effective resolution of problems, making optimal use of available resources.
- Must be able to positively influence the culture of the Information Management Group.
- Must be able to interact at all levels of the organisation.
- Working knowledge of CFIHOS or other equivalent class libraries an advantage.
- Long term contract
- High profile framework


text:
cold shower therapy, you have likely noticed improvements in general vitality, resilience, and well-being. (Check out this podcast and this article for more about cold therapy from Ben.) But did you know that applying ice/cooling the testes can help to trigger greater testosterone production and almost double your sperm count? Well, as crazy as the practice sounds, icing the testes has now become an internet hit, as there are literally thousands of men around the globe who are seeing 'big' (ha) benefits from icing their testes.
So why does icing the testes actually work? The bag of skin that holds and helps to protect the testicles hangs outside the body. Remember that the testicles make sperm. To do this, the temperature of the testicles needs to be cooler than the inside of the body. This is why the scrotum is located outside of the body. The testes are highly sensitive to heat, and even a marginal 2 degrees of elevated temperature in this region can arrest spermatogenesis.
When you apply an ice pack to the underwear where the testes hang—not directly to the skin, please, we don't want to burn the skin!—this causes a major vasoconstrictive (constriction of the blood vessels) effect which then leads to a rebound vasodilatory response, rushing blood flow, oxygen, and nutrients to the Leydig cells of the testes, enhancing their ATP production and subsequent testosterone output.
What are the purported benefits of icing your testes?
- Increased drive
- Increased nocturnal penile tumescence ("morning wood")
- Deeper voice
- More energy
- Increased testicular hang size
Here's how to ice your testicles, in three simple steps:
- Apply the ice pack to underwear where testicles hang (remember, not directly on the skin!).
- Leave the ice pack for 10-15 minutes.
- Repeat 2-3 times daily.
The most ideal time to ice is before the gym and before bed. This is because testosterone secretion peaks during these times.
You can also easily (who knew?) get a pair of testosterone-enhancing, testicle-icing underwear (with insertions for gel ice packs), which make it more convenient to ice.
Check out this video for more information about icing the testicles, and in case you're interested, also cover the practice in my course 30 Days To Higher Testosterone Masterclass (use code BENG10 for 10% off).
2. Choose Testosterone-Boosting Supplements Carefully
There are many supplements out there designed to increase testosterone levels. Unfortunately, many of them contain high doses of zinc and D-Aspartic acid.
If you are deficient in zinc, supplementing will indeed boost testosterone levels, but not if your zinc is already sufficient, and in that case, more can in fact be harmful. A low dose of zinc—15 mg per day—is adequate for most men. After 120 days, rodents on diets containing twice the RDA of zinc develop metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it is paramount that you get your zinc levels checked before blindly taking a zinc supplement in the hopes that it will magically boost your testosterone even higher.
Now I want to delve into why D-Aspartic acid is not a good idea. D-Aspartic Acid (DAA) is a naturally occurring non-essential amino acid. It is found in the protein components of foods and good dietary sources include casein, soy, and corn. It can also be made in the body from L-aspartate.
DAA saturates in neuroendocrine tissue such as the pituitary gland, pineal gland, and gonads (testes) where it works as an excitatory stimulatory compound to trigger the release of hormones. As the levels of DAA build up in these tissues, the production and release of hormones increases, and particularly LH. LH is released from the pituitary gland and it signals the release of testosterone from the testes. Once the testosterone has been released in excess, your body works to maintain homeostasis by balancing the hormonal ratios.
Negative feedback mechanisms in the pituitary gland switch off further testosterone release to drop testosterone levels and your body starts converting testosterone to estrogen via the enzyme aromata (also called estrogen synthetase or estrogen synthase). DAA supports this by increasing the aromatization of testosterone to estrogen, and testosterone levels drop while estrogen increases to normalize the ratios and maintain equilibrium. This is what makes DAA usage unpredictable. There is adequate DAA in the diet to fuel the neuroendocrine system, especially if the diet is protein-adequate. Supplementing with high doses of DAA to saturate the neuroendocrine system and trigger excessive release of hormones will create a temporary spike followed by increased negative feedback and increased conversion to estrogen to maintain hormonal balance.
Another ingredient to watch out for is mucuna pruriens. This particular herb is often added to testosterone boosters since it contains L-dopa, an immediate precursor to dopamine. Dopamine and testosterone do tend to work hand in hand; the higher your dopamine, the higher your testosterone levels. However, when these supplements use mucuna pruriens that is standardized to >15% L-dopa content, you're playing with fire. Why? Because L-dopa, being an immediate precursor to dopamine, can override the brain's dopamine synthesis pathway, and leave you with less dopamine when supplementation stops. This can result in downregulation and a long recovery time to restore dopamine synthesis unless combined with a powerful dopaminergic restorative nootropic called Bromantane. Dopamine is significantly enhanced by Bromantane. It does this through a non-depleting manner, via enhancing the actual enzyme (tyrosine hydroxylase), which converts tyrosine into L-dopa, and subsequently dopamine. It strengthens motivation, mood, and focus, via improving overall dopamine output from the amino acid L-tyrosine found in the food we eat.
One core supplement/herb that has been shown to reliably and dramatically enhance testosterone levels is a ginseng herb called cistanche.
Cistanche targets various aspects of performance enhancement, ranging from cognition to hormones and even longevity. As a powerful tonic, this herb outperforms any other ginseng in terms of its benefits for male performance, for example:
- Cistanche extract shortened the erectile latency and prolonged the erectile duration to minimize the negative effects of castration. Basically, this means that cistanche can prolong human erection time and reduce the time taken to achieve a "full" erection.
- Cistanche increases sperm count (2.3- and 2.7-fold) and sperm motility (1.3- and 1.4-fold) and decreased the abnormal sperm (0.76- and 0.6-fold). The serum level of progesterone and testosterone in rats was also increased.
- Cistanche reverses BPA-induced abnormality in sperm characteristics, testicular structure, and normalized serum testosterone enhanced the testosterone biosynthesis. Remember that BPA is found in plastic bottles. If you've ever drunk from a plastic bottle before, your body is likely swimming in plastic!
Click this link to watch a video about how cistanche works.
A key molecule found within cistanche is called echinacoside. Echinacoside is demonstrated to possess many pharmacological activities, such as anti-aging, neuroprotection, enhancement of learning and memory, improvement of cardiac function, reduction of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, and prevention of obesity-induced diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Other ways in which echinacoside benefits you are:
- Echinacoside increases sperm quantity by targeting the hypothalamic androgen receptor. This essentially means that compounds found within the cistanche herb can interact with a region of the brain that can govern total Testosterone levels.
- Echinacoside increases leutenizing hormones levels significantly by 1.1-fold in serum, 1.4-fold in encephalon + pituitary, and 1.2-fold in testes. Remember, luteinizing hormone is the precursor to making testosterone!
- Echinacoside significantly increases mRNA (Genetic) levels of CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3β1/2, and HSD17β, and particularly HSD3β1/2, which are key enzymes responsible for active hormonal conversions.
Ben has covered the importance of testing levels of significant biomarkers in order to establish a starting point for supplementation or other biohacking practices that are intended to alter levels of hormones. When considering taking supplements for increasing testosterone, you should test for zinc levels first to avoid overdoing zinc which could in fact lead to a decrease in testosterone. Supplementing with cistanche is a safe, effective way to support your testosterone levels naturally.
3. Avoid Environmental Testosterone Threats
There are many aspects of your environment that can dramatically affect your testosterone levels.
Below is a summary of these offending factors:
- Radio frequency electromagnetic waves: Clinical studies show that RF-EMFs emitted from Wi-Fi connectivity devices damage sperm and play an important role in decreasing sperm production and motility. RF-EMWs lead to increasing sperm DNA damage.
- Tobacco smoking: A tobacco smoking habit damages the morphology of sperm. But the good news is that harm done by tobacco smoking can be reversed, once a person quits smoking.
- Teas: Since tea is often considered "healthy," it may be surprising to learn that it can have negative effects on testosterone levels. Mint tea, green tea, lemon balm, gotu kola tea, and licorice tea all have some degree of anti-testosterone or anti-fertility effects, and if you're looking to


Reproductive function and Male Organ Blood Flow: Understanding the Anatomy of Tumescence
The human body is a wonder, a complicated organism that is a beautiful machine. Individual body parts are also wonders, including the manhood – and not just because of the sheer pleasure the manhood provides to its owner (and to partners of the owner). Of course, like all parts of the body, it requires proper care and attention, which is why male organ health is so important. And part of understanding male organ health lies in knowing the various components of the manhood and how they are affected by other parts of the body. One prime example of this is how male organ blood flow is affected by factors outside the manhood itself.
Itchy Male Organ Etiquette: When to Scratch
Emily Post may have literally written the book on etiquette in America, but it's a safe bet that there's at least one area she didn't cover: when is it appropriate for a man to scratch his itchy male organ. She also most assuredly did not address the underlying male organ care issues that may be creating the itchy male organ situation, either. Granted, some may say that she probably would have included manhood scratching under the category of when the scratch in general, but clearly there is a difference between attending to a slight scratch on the bridge of the nose and providing blessed relief to a devilishly insistent itchy male organ.
As Ms. Post left such a void in the etiquette department, this article intends to help address this issue that all men face occasionally – and some men face almost constantly.
Maintenance of health with hectic office hours
It is needless to affirm that most of the jobs in the present days involve long and hectic working hours. However, it is essential to take care of your health in spite of it with an eye to avoid serious illness in near future. Besides this, as you take care of your physical health, you will be able to stay active and fit. Thus, there will be a boost in your energy and your performance will enhance manifolds in every field. This write-up reveals some tips that will be helpful in taking care of your physical health during those weird working hours. Take a look! Sleep at least for seven to eight hours daily
Sleep is a prerequisite to maintain the healthy well being of an individual. You should never sacrifice sleep for your job. It is self-destructive and may lead to foul moods, bad health and make you unproductive. Thus, it is necessary to sleep for a good number of hours and you will find that things have eventually started to fall into place. While sleeping, make sure to switch off all lights and wear a comfortable and light night dress, which will help you in falling to sleep in no time. Avoid liquid calories
In order to be healthy during those office hours, you should avoid all types of liquid calories such as alcohol, soda, added cream and sugar to the coffee. It is recommended to stay away from foods that are prepared in condiments and high-calorie sauces like mayonnaise, sweet and sour sauce.
Reduce the intake of carbohydrate
Carbohydrate may lead to a rise in the blood sugar. With the increase in blood sugar, the body will be producing insulin for bringing it down, thereby leading to low energy and fat storage. You should not consume more than hundred grams of carbohydrate in every meal. Say no to highly processed and white carbs which include potatoes, cereal, bread, etc. Instead, you can go for food having lots of protein and fiber such as brown rice, sweet potatoes, lentils, bans, etc. Enhance your water intake
It is recommended to intake at least 3-4 liters of water on a daily basis. Make sure to have one glass of water every morning prior to every meal. You should be drinking water throughout the day.
Consume green vegetables
The inclusion of non-starchy vegetables is a great way to stay healthy during every meal. You should enhance the number of green vegetables, you are taking on a daily basis. They are considered to be the primary sources of vitamins, and fibers. Have a healthy breakfast
Eating a healthy breakfast in the morning is a must to stay healthy and active. You can have brown bread, eggs, sprouts, fruits, milk in your breakfast. Make sure to have a healthy and heavy breakfast every morning as this will help you in staying more productive throughout the day. Practicing intermittent fasting
If you have long working hours, intermittent fasting is a great option to stay healthy. To begin with, it plays an indispensable role in limiting the time, when you are eating. There is a considerable enhancement in the growth hormone and testosterone levels while practicing intermittent fasting. This is also effective in the regulation of the insulin levels. Opt for a time-saving workout plan
Exercises are a must to keep yourself healthy. You should make sure to opt for a workout which will be fitting the schedule. You should choose an infrequent, intense and short workout. Going to the gym can be a good option as you will find a distraction-free environment. You can workout for 30-45 minutes daily in the gym. You can also go for yoga and other exercises.
Say no to junk foods
Junk foods can do a lot of harm to your health. Hence, it is strictly recommended to avoid such type of foods. You will feel more active and healthy as you begin to avoid these type of foods.
Use healthy oil
Use healthy oil such as olive oil for cooking. This will help in reducing the extra kilos. If you want to take good care of your health notwithstanding those hectic working hours, follow the above-mentioned tips.


Tag Archives: relation
23 Apr
MySQL – Alter table-change datatype of column with foreign key
Schema alteration is a big headache especially when it has already reached to production and things get worse when the relations are involved.
Below is a short example for altering tables having foreign key constraints.
SQL for tables used in example:
create database temp;use temp;
drop table if exists city; drop table if exists country;
create table country ( c_id mediumint not null auto_increment primary key, c_name varchar(10)) engine=innodb;
insert into country (c_name) values ('india'),('uk'),('us');
create table city (city_id mediumint not null auto_increment primary key, country_id mediumint, city_name varchar(20), constraint fk_country_id foreign key (country_id) references country(c_id)) engine=innodb;
insert into city (country_id, city_name) values (1,'mumbai'), (2,'ahmedabad'), (2,'new york'), (2, 'la'), (3, 'london'), (3,'Birmingham');
We want to change the datatype of primary key c_id from mediumint to int.
Now, while you proceed to change the datatype of column in relation, you observe a typical mysql error.
mysql> alter table country modify column c_id int not null auto_increment;
ERROR 1025 (HY000): Error on rename of '.\temp\#sql-248_4' to '.\temp\country' (errno: 150)
"Error on the rename" doesn't suggest you anything though you have a way out to know the actual error:
1) On your shell prompt fire:
$] perror 150
MySQL error code 150: Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed
For more details you may look into last foreign key error section of innodb status:
2) In this case specifically you should check innodb status:
mysql> show engine innodb status;
...
-------------------------
LATEST FOREIGN KEY ERROR
-------------------------
120422 13:11:47 Error in foreign key constraint of table temp/city:
there is no index in referenced table which would contain
the columns as the first columns, or the data types in the
referenced table do not match the ones in table. Constraint:
,
CONSTRAINT "fk_country_id" FOREIGN KEY ("country_id") REFERENCES "country" ("c_id")
The index in the foreign key in table is "fk_country_id"
...
This clearly explains you the reason for error in table alteration. InnoDB does not permit the creation of a foreign key constraint where a column references a nonmatching column type. This restriction applies while you alter the parent or child table with Foreign Key Constraint.
So how 'd you proceed? Here is one way to do it.
The steps to follow are:
– Alter all the referencing tables and remove Foreign Key relations.
– Alter all the referencing and referenced tables and modify column to new datatype.
– Alter all referencing tables create Foreign Key relations.
To ease out the task execute following SQL and you will get your queries that will help you changing the datatype step by step. You have to provide the parent table name and column that's being referenced along with the datatype you want to modify to.
#COMMAND FOR DROP FOREIGNKEY RELATION
select
concat('ALTER TABLE ', table_name,' DROP FOREIGN KEY ',constraint_name,';') drop_fk_syntax
from information_schema.key_column_usage where constraint_schema = database() and referenced_table_name ='country' and referenced_column_name ='c_id';
+--------------------------------------------------+
| drop_fk_syntax |
+--------------------------------------------------+
| ALTER TABLE city DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_country_id; |
+--------------------------------------------------+
#COMMAND FOR APPLY COLUMN DEFINITION CHANGE TO PARENT TABLE
SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE ', referenced_table_name,' MODIFY COLUMN ', referenced_column_name, ' bigint not null auto_increment;') modify_column
from information_schema.key_column_usage where constraint_schema = database() and referenced_table_name ='country' and referenced_column_name ='c_id';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| modify_column |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ALTER TABLE country MODIFY COLUMN c_id bigint not null auto_increment; |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#COMMAND FOR APPLY COLUMN DEFINITION CHANGE TO CHILD TABLES
select concat('ALTER TABLE ', table_name,' MODIFY COLUMN ', column_name, ' bigint not null;') modify_column
from information_schema.key_column_usage where constraint_schema = database() and referenced_table_name ='country' and referenced_column_name ='c_id';
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| modify_column |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
| ALTER TABLE city MODIFY COLUMN country_id bigint not null; |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
#COMMAND FOR RESTORING FOREIGNKEY RELATION
select
concat('ALTER TABLE ',table_name,' ADD CONSTRAINT ',constraint_name ,' FOREIGN KEY (', column_name, ') REFERENCES ', referenced_table_name , '(', referenced_column_name,');') create_fk_syntax
from information_schema.key_column_usage where constraint_schema = database() and referenced_table_name ='country' and referenced_column_name ='c_id';
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| create_fk_syntax |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------


text:
Summer Bridge 2023
I appreciate your interest in Bright Future for Kids, Inc. (BFFK) Summer Bridge!
The purpose of Summer Bridge is to maintain and enhance skills throughout the summer in a safe and supportive environment. Students will build confidence, self-esteem, and leadership skills and learn study techniques while stimulating literacy, math, science investigations, and enrichment activities.
$500: (16 hrs./week of engagement, IXL subscription, STEM experience, preferred enrichment, check-in system with incentives for literary and/or math goals, all materials and snacks)
$50 off if registered by April 1st with a deposit of $150, $150 due by May 1st, and the balance one week before the summer session.


text:
As you may have noticed when starting up the new Software Provisioning Manager SP20, a Web-Browser Window opens instead of the well known STD GUI.
The new Browser based User Interface (or SL Common UI as it is also called) is the default GUI for Software Provisioning Manager as of SP20.
The following questions may arise when facing the new Browser based you:
- How do I get the parameter list view with the new UI?
- What is the difference between the "old" SDT GUI and the new Web UI?
- How does the new Help functionality on field level work?
- How does the Logfile View and Task View in Web Browser Window work
- How can I follow an installation with Web Browser from a different machine?
- How can I start Software Provisioning Manager SP20 with the "old" SDT GUI?
I produced the following small video that demonstrates some nice functionality of the new Browser based UI and gives answers to the above questions:
Screenshot from old SDT GUI:
Screenshot from new Browser based UI:


text:
Big Harp Little Harp Sign
The first known serial killers in American history were the Harp boys. During the years of the Revolutionary War, the two cousins went on an indiscriminate killing rampage, killing anyone who got in their way. They killed infants, including their own, children, women and numerous men. They killed for the sake of killing.
by Doris Lane
Harp's Hill is near the Pond River in western Muhlenberg County, Ky., not far from Highway 62. There is a crossing in the road near Dixon named Harp's Head and one of the crossing roads is named Harp's Head Road. Some miles away, the precise location lost to time, there is a cave known as Harp's House. To tell how these places earned their names is to tell the story of Micajah (Big) and Wiley (Little) Harp, America's first known serial killers.
They passed for brothers, but were cousins, sons of brothers John and William Harpe, Scottish immigrants to Orange County, N.C. The boys were named William (Micajah/Big), son of John, and Joshua (Wiley/Little), son of William. Big Harp and Little Harp left home as young men in 1775, aiming to become overseers of slaves in Virginia. Career plans diverted by the American Revolution, the Harps instead became Tory outlaws in a gang that roved the North Carolina countryside, raping farmers' daughters, pillaging livestock and crops, and burning farmhouses. In the attempted kidnapping of one young girl by a Tory rape gang, Little Harp was shot and wounded by local Patriot Captain James Wood.


Verezzi - The "Mad Carts" road
Itinerary Data
Difficulty Easy
Length 3,2 km
Duration 2 h
Elevation Gain 165,7 m
Altitude Difference 138,8 m
Short description of Itinerary
Easy itinerary with a short and panoramic loop recently made accessible and fully signposted by the CAI of Finale Ligure. The path partly follows the route of the old roads used by quarrymen to transport the blocks extracted from the numerous quarries that opened in the Verezzi territory towards Borgio. For this purpose, special wagons were used, called "Matti" (Mad) for their particular shape, from which the itinerary takes its name. It is also worth visiting the Cava Vecchia, one of the few quarries in Finale Stone cultivated in a tunnel and the Grotta dell'Antenna (Aerial cave) with its unique lock shaped entrance.
The "Mad Carts"
For the transport of the blocks extracted from the quarries to the "Marina di Verezzi", wooden wagons pulled by oxen or mules were used. These carts were.....
Verezzi Stone
The Verezzi Stone (or rose marble of Verezzi or Pietra Lara) is a reddish variant of Finale stone. It originated from the compaction of sands and calcareous parts of crustaceans, shells, sea urchins.....
Meeting Point
Finalborgo - Porta Testa square
Moving to Borgio Verezzi to reach the starting point of the path and the return will be carried out by private vehicles, trying to optimize the number of cars.
Find out more


text:
Microcontroller Based Substation Monitoring and Control System with Gsm Modem
In this paper, the authors purpose remote electrical parameters like voltage, current and frequency and send these real time values over GSM network using GSM modem/phone along with temperature at power station. This paper is also designed to protect the electrical circuitry by operating an electromagnetic Relay. This Relay gets activated whenever the electrical parameters exceed the predefined values. The Relay can be used to operate a circuit breaker to switch off the main electrical supply.


text:
Wilkes-Barre Academy offers a peer tutoring program allowing peer volunteers to assist other students in subjects where help is needed. Tutoring may be requested by the teacher or parent, however final approval must be by the classroom teacher.
Peer tutoring is an educational approach that joins students from grades K to 4 who are tutored by older students from grades 5 to 8. Our goal is to develop skills and confidence in the subject area where help is needed.
The research literature on peer tutoring is extensive and international studies have clearly shown that peer interaction is conducive to a host of important early achievements, such as:
- children's understanding of fairness
- their self-esteem
- their proclivities toward sharing and kindness
- their acquisition of role-taking and communication skills
- their development of creative and critical thinking.
Research literature also shows that the gains for tutors often outdistance those of the students receiving assistance. These gains result from reworking what the tutors know in order to make it understandable to their students.
The benefits of peer tutoring include:
- development of reading, writing skills and language development
- development of social behaviors, interpersonal and communication skills
- improvements in self-esteem
- opportunities for leadership and social responsibility
- gaining a heightened sensitivity to younger student's needs and concerns


text:
Your brother-in-law is a well-known artist who has an art show going on in a gallery now. You're telling a coworker about him. But you don't know much about art, so you say:
That world seems so foreign to me.
Some industries and areas of interest can be called "worlds". Each different "world" is not only a type of business, but also a way of life
For example, "the Art world" means artists, art buyers, art gallery owners, museums, art magazine editors, and so on. It also includes their parties, their topics of conversation, the types of places that they live, and so on.
Other examples of "worlds" based on industries or interests are:
the business world
the academic world
the drug world
the online world
the financial world
the gaming world
This phrase describes something that you don't know much about, don't understand well, and can't even imagine clearly. For example:
The idea of waiting until you're in your late 30's to have a child seems so foreign to me.
I've been a vegetarian for so long now that the idea of eating meat seems completely foreign to me now.
This doesn't mean that these things seem like they're from a foreign country; it means that they're "foreign concepts". A foreign concept is an idea that seems strange and hard to understand.
(Print this lesson)


text:
Crofton, BC: On October 29, 2009, Catalyst Paper will cease operation of the Cowichan Lake weir that regulates water flow out of Cowichan Lake. Recent rainfall that is replenishing the lake has caused water levels to rise such that water is soon expected to be cresting over the top of the weir and naturally increasing flow in the river.
Starting today, flow rates in the river will be increased as the weir control gates are opened to prepare for shut down on October 29. Weir control gates will then no longer restrict water flow and will remain open throughout the winter season.
The Cowichan Lake boat lock will also be fully opened to allow boats unrestricted access between the lake and the river. The Ministry of Environment encourages the public, especially recreational users, to use extra caution on the Cowichan River, as increased flows combined with natural storm events can create strong currents.
The Cowichan Lake weir regulates water flow out of the lake and is operated by Catalyst Paper Crofton Division under the direction of Ministry of Environment Water Stewardship Division, and in accordance with the established regulations and licenses.
The monitoring and regulation of Cowichan Lake water levels and flow release is part of the Ministry of Environment's ongoing commitment to maintain stream flows for all stakeholders.
For further information contact:
Ministry of Environment
Catalyst Paper Crofton Division