text:
If you're curious about what the HERO Program pays off, you'll be relieved to know that the payoff process is actually quite simple. Here's a breakdown of what the HERO Program will cover when it comes time to pay off your assessment:
Overall, the HERO Program aims to make the payoff process as straightforward as possible for property owners looking to complete energy-efficient upgrades, water-saving improvements, and other environmentally-friendly projects. As a home and garden enthusiast, I've seen firsthand how beneficial these upgrades can be for homeowners and the planet alike!
Understanding the HERO Program
The HERO Program (Home Energy Renovation Opportunity) is a financing program that allows homeowners to make energy-efficient upgrades to their homes such as installing solar panels, upgrading HVAC systems, and improving insulation. The program is available in many states across the United States and is gaining popularity due to its benefits.
The HERO Program is unique in that it does not require a credit check and the debt is attached to the property rather than the homeowner. This means that when a homeowner sells their property, the HERO assessment stays with the property and the new homeowner takes on the remaining payments.
The Benefits of a HERO Assessment
The benefits of a HERO assessment are plentiful. Not only does the program allow homeowners to make energy efficient upgrades that will save them money on utility bills, but it also increases the property value. According to the HERO Program website, homes with energy-efficient upgrades tend to sell for 3 to 5 percent more than those without. Additionally, the upgrades often lead to a higher quality of life for homeowners due to enhanced comfort and air quality in the home.
The HERO Program is also beneficial for contractors who specialize in energy-efficient upgrades. The program generates new business opportunities for contractors and promotes job creation in communities.
Paying off the Principal Balance with HERO
Once a homeowner chooses to participate in the HERO Program, they will receive funds from the program to cover the cost of the energy-efficient upgrades. The homeowner will then be responsible for repaying the principal balance to the program over the course of a predetermined term, typically up to 25 years.
It is important to note that payments are made along with property taxes, which allows for predictable and manageable payments. Once the principal balance is paid off, the homeowner will own the upgrades and continue to reap the benefits of the energy-efficient improvements.
Applicable Fees and Accrued Bond Interest in HERO
In addition to the principal balance, there may be applicable fees and accrued bond interest associated with the HERO assessment. These fees and interest are determined by the program based on the energy-efficient upgrades and the length of the repayment term.
Some of the applicable fees may include an administrative fee, recording fees, and a servicing fee. Additionally, accrued bond interest is charged to cover the cost of the bonds used to fund the energy-efficient upgrades.
It is important for homeowners to thoroughly review and understand these fees and interest charges before participating in the HERO Program.
HERO and Prepayment Premiums
While participants in the HERO Program typically repay their principal balance over the course of the predetermined term, there may be instances where a homeowner may want to pay off their balance early. In these cases, a prepayment premium may be applied to the remaining balance. A prepayment premium is a fee charged by the program to recover the lost interest that would have been earned had the homeowner paid off the balance over the predetermined term.
It is important for homeowners to understand the potential for prepayment premiums if they plan to pay off their HERO assessment early.
The Process of Paying off a HERO Assessment
To pay off a HERO assessment, a homeowner must contact the program and request a payoff estimate. The estimate will include the principal balance, applicable fees, accrued bond interest, and prepayment premiums, if applicable.
Once the estimate is received, the homeowner can choose to pay the entire balance or negotiate a settlement for a lower payoff amount. Upon receipt of payment, the program will release the lien on the property and the homeowner will own the upgrades outright.
It is important for homeowners to review their payoff estimate carefully and understand all fees and charges associated with paying off their balance.
In conclusion, the HERO Program provides many benefits for homeowners and contractors alike. While it is important to understand the fees and terms associated with the program, the opportunity for energy-efficient upgrades and increased property value make the HERO Program an attractive choice for many homeowners.


How To Paint Wrought Iron Fence and Railings?
How To Paint Wrought Iron Fence
Admit it! You attempted to paint a wrought iron fence/railing, and you felt like this is the most challenging task you ever had to face.
And I know it is a difficult activity, which is why I've created the following step-by-step guide to help you paint a wrought iron fence with little to no hassle.
How to Paint a Wrought Iron Fence?
Follow these simple yet best ways to paint wrought iron railings and I am sure you will have your cast iron fence and railings painted within no time.
Step 1. Get the surface ready
As it is the case with almost anything, you need to start by preparing the wrought iron surface.
This means that you need to make sure there is no rust on your iron fence.
Our advice is to wear protective gear, including gloves and a mask, as the particles of rust can pose a health risk when removed from the railing fence.
Step 2. Remove the rust
So, you need to remove the rust, and you should start this process only after you put on the protective gear.
To remove the rust, you can use a steel brush or high grit sandpaper.
Keep in mind that it might take some time before you manage to clear the entire surface, as rust tends to be hard to remove.
Step 3. Clean the fence
Now that you removed rust, you need to clean the fence to make sure there is no debris left.
You can wash the fence with mineral spirits, as those will remove anything that might stick to your iron fence.
Step 4. Rinse with water
And, of course, after spraying mineral spirits and cleaning the face, it is best to rinse the fence with water.
Make sure you remove the substance entirely, as it can have a direct impact on how the paint adheres to your iron fence railing.
Step 5. Apply a primer
After the fence dries, you can start applying a primer.
Make sure you use only specially created priming material for metals like wrought iron, as it can make a lot of difference for your paint.
It can increase the lifespan of the paint as an excellent primer allows the paint to adhere adequately.
And, of course, will enable the primer to dry for at least 24 hours.
Step 6. Apply paint for metal surfaces
Follow the primer with a specially designed paint blend.
Make sure you use the specific paint that is designed for metal surfaces, as not all varnishes are the same.
For the application, it's recommended that you use a high-quality paint-brush and apply the paint in long even strokes very slowly.
Since you will be painting the thin metal railings, using a roller or a paint sprayer isn't a good option.
If used it can create lots of oversprays and hence wasted paint material.
Step 7. Follow up with several coats of paint
After the initial coat of paint, you can follow up with several layers. This will ensure you will achieve a smooth and pleasant finish.
But at the same time, it can boost the lifespan of your paint job.
Applying several paint layers to your wrought iron railing and fence can increase its ability to withstand wear and tear in time.
And as a result, you won't need to repaint it too often.
So, following these seven steps is the best way for you to paint a wrought iron fence. And we can tell you that it is rather simple.
All you have to do is be attentive to small details and make sure you apply the right paint to your fence.
What is the Best Paint for Wrought Iron Fence and Railings?
For me, Rust-Oleum Protective Enamel Paint that comes in the black satin finish has worked fabulously in most cases.
It offers excellent coverage and dries to the touch in about 2-4 hours.
Moreover, with its excellent rust prevention abilities, it can help keep the wrought iron fence just like new for very long.
For metal fencing, personally, I prefer using satin rather than flat paint because it helps in keeping some natural shine of the metal intact.
But remember, like oil and water, paint and metal do not tend to mix.
In other words, paint does not stick to metal the same way that it sticks to wood.
That is why professional painters will use a substance that is not paint – if they need to cover the surface of the metal.
Before we come to those best paints or substances that can be used for painting wrought iron railings, let us try to understand why metal resists paint in the first place?
The reason why paint tends to slide off most metal is pretty simple. The surface of metal consists of a crystalline structure.
This structure is what gives the metal its strength and why it is used for creating so many things such as skyscrapers.
It's also why metal is better than wood for use outdoors as it resists penetration by water.
However, this same crystalline structure that makes metal so strong also does not give the paint the irregularities its needs to stick to the surface.
Paint sticks because, at a microscopic level, many materials such as wood for example have imperfections that allow the paint to take hold.
The rough surface, pits, and the like give the paint something to hold on to when it dries.
Metal has few such imperfections, so the paint tends to slide off fairly easily.
What imperfections metal does have tends to keep paint from sticking as well.
This is because the surface consists of small pits or dents along with long crevasses that provide little grab for the paint.
But will allow water and oils to become trapped underneath which over time will disrupt the paint on the surface.
However, while most metal may resist paint, it does not resist oxidation which leads to it rusting fairly quickly unless protected.
So, What Paint to Use and How to Prevent Wrought Iron Fence from Rusting?
Before you go and pick the best type of paint for wrought iron fences and railings, be sure that you choose the right primer.
Priming your cast iron fence using a correct base coat (a rust-inhibiting primer base) is very important since this will decide how hard the top finish coat will adhere when you paint the railings.
For most of the bare wrought iron surfaces, acid-based metal-etching primer provides the lasting base that can help you provide a better-painted finish.
Make sure that you do not choose latex or acrylic primers as they will not bond very well to the wrought iron surface due to their smooth and nonporous qualities.
Now when you have picked the right primer, it's time to choose the best paint for the surface.
The two types of paints that are well-suited for outdoor wrought iron fencing are:
1- Enamel
Being highly durable, exterior-grade enamel is best for exterior conditions.
Painting your wrought iron railings with enamel will help them keep off rust, corrosion, and various other environmental conditions.
Plus, an exterior-grade enamel paint will provide an attractive finish to your railings as well.
2- Acrylic Based Latex Paint
Unlike ordinary latex paint that does not suit the exterior metal surfaces, acrylic latex paint provides better protection to the iron fencing because of its ability to expand and contract at high and low temperatures.
While paints might be an excellent rust-proofing material as it resists moisture, it does not stick to the bare wrought iron surface very well.
However, there are two other types of coatings that can help metal resist the oxidation process and stay sound.
You should definitely consider these options as well if you want to keep your railings in good condition for a long.
3- Pre-Galvanizing
In this method, a thin coating of zinc is applied to the surface.
It is the most effective coating that can be applied to metal which keeps it from oxidizing or rusting.
You can paint on a metal or wrought iron gate that is covered in zinc, but there are certain types of latex or oil-based paints that will not last very long.
This is because the zinc will react to the paint which causes a process known as saponification.
In other words, it creates a soapy substance that will have the paint slide off the surface in a short time.
4- Mill or Grease
This is a layer of grease that is placed on the surface of the steel.
This is used to prevent the metal from rusting when it is transported or stored before use.
The grease is well-suited to the task because it remains on top of the surface and does not seep inside.
Plus, one the temperature changes the grease can easily be removed from the metal surface.
You can heat treat or simply burn away the grease from the metal without damaging the surface when the protection is no longer needed.
However, depending on the size of the metal, it may be difficult to find a facility that can heat treat such large pieces.
That is why the pre-galvanizing process is more popular.
However, for small pieces that can easily be heat-treated in some manner, the mill coating tends to be better because it is easy to remove and is cheaper compared to pre-galvanization.
Welders for example can simply burn away the grease as they are doing their work.
Conversely, trying to burn off the layer of zinc may cause fumes that are a threat to those nearby.
In either case, the protection provided by the mill and pre-galvanization is now gone once the layer has been removed.
For welding, there may be other issues that need to be addressed.
How to Keep the Welds of Iron Railing from Rusting and Corroding?
For metal that has been welded, the use of grease or zinc as a coating does not tend to work very well


text: Janice Thompson is from the Sto:lo Nation located in British Columbia. She is an activist for human rights, women's rights, environmental rights, Indigenous rights, animal rights and low income family rights. Janice is an active member of her community and loves to volunteer for various causes; she specializes in canvass work. Janice has been involved with Force of Nature for the past year and enjoys creating new relationships. Janice's network includes people and organizations that share the common interests of promoting Indigenous rights, helping to create a low carbon footprint, utilizing and promoting renewable energies, stopping fossil fuel expansion, and promoting provincial and federal leaders who are working on climate solutions.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


E P Collier
Primary School and Nursery
Nurture. Discover. Achieve.
Blue team
Listening walk
Sounds are everywhere all around us, even in your home!
Today we are going to go on a listening walk.
To do a listening walk at home we walk around, stopping in each room we visit. When you stop, stay very still and quiet, and use your best listening ears to help you to listen really carefully to all the sounds.
Before you go on your listening walk you may want to make a special listening headband or hat to wear. This can be done by using a strip of paper as a headband, and drawing and cutting out some large ears to stick on the band. You can make a pair of giant human ears or perhaps even some bunny ears, or cat ears!
Questions to ask yourself on your listening walk:
What can you hear?
Where do you think it is coming from?
What was the loudest sound you heard on your listening walk?
What was the quietest sound you heard on your listening walk?
In which room did you hear the most sounds at once?


text:
CSIRO and a consortium of Australian Opal miners (Opal Producers Australia Limited) have unveiled the world's first automated device to grade opals using image analysis, at the 2009 National Council of Jewellery Valuers forum in Sydney.
CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences image analyst Leanne Bischof helped develop the Gemmological Digital Analyser (GDA).
Ms Bischof said that opals have a unique range of colour characteristics that makes them by far the most difficult gemstone to appraise.
'Qualities such as 'flash,' the way an opal reflects light and colour as it is rotated, can vary with human eyesight and lighting conditions,' Ms Bischof said.
'A person's judgement of an opal's colours, the brightness of those colours and the area each of them covers is a really difficult task, even for a skilled opal assessor. You really need objective image analysis and automation to assist with that.'
Incorporating the expert knowledge of over 60 opal industry professionals, CSIRO designed a GDA prototype with Australian company Applied Robotics.
CSIRO then developed the complex mathematical algorithms to drive the image analysis system behind the GDA.
A small camera inside the GDA takes 871 images of the stone as it rotates on a stage which moves 360 degrees horizontally and tilts 90 degrees vertically.
High powered computers linked to the GDA analyse the images and quantify the opal's gemmological characteristics, providing a classification grade based on colour, clarity, carat, cut and character and a summary graph showing proportions of the opal's colours.
A database of information on the GDA graded opals will allow participating jewellers and industry organisations to accurately assign a dollar value to a particular grade of stone depending on the daily market price.
Director of Opal Producers Australia Limited and Lightning Ridge Opal miner Peter Sutton said the value of the Australian opal industry is estimated to be worth around $50 million a year, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics.
'We suspect this figure is grossly underestimated because valuations for a single stone can sometimes vary by thousands of dollars,' Mr Sutton said.
The demand and trade for other Australian commodities like wheat, coal and gold have benefited from the introduction of an independent grading system, ensuring fair prices for producers and the supply of a consistent quality product to customers.
'We wanted to create an objective grading system that would improve the demand for and value of the Australian Opal industry, giving miners a fair price and consumer's confidence to trade with grade quality assurance,' Mr Sutton said.
'This will be an independently-graded Australian opal product, which we will brand as Opallia.'

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Welfare Sanctions and Conditionality in the UK
Conditional welfare arrangements require people to behave in a certain way to access cash benefits, housing or support services.
These conditions tend to be enforced through penalties or 'sanctions' that reduce, suspend or end access to these goods.
This Round-up considers how effective welfare conditionality is, what the impacts are, how different groups fare, and to what extent it can be morally justified.
It finds that:
- benefit sanctions are disproportionately affecting young people under 25, and there is evidence of severe impacts on homeless people and other vulnerable groups;
- international evidence indicates that benefit sanctions substantially raise exits from benefits, and may increase short-term job entry; but there are unfavourable longer-term outcomes for earnings, job quality and employment retention;
- there are concerns that welfare conditionality can have unintended consequences, including: distancing people from support; causing hardship and even destitution; displacing rather than resolving issues such as street homelessness and anti-social behaviour; and negative impacts on 'third parties', particularly children.


text:
The Flatten operation is used to merge drawing objects and brush strokes into a single layer. If you draw new lines to fix a drawing or a line with many brush strokes, it can be useful to flatten them all into a single shape. By default, lines are drawn one on top of each other, if you intend repainting the lines or modifying their shape, it will be easier if they are flattened—see About Project Optimization.
If you have selected strokes while using the flatten command, only these strokes will be flattened. If no strokes are selected, the entire current layer will be flattened. If you have selected multiple layers, they will all be flattened individually.
- In the Tools toolbar, select the Select tool.
- In the Stage view, select the strokes to flatten.
- Do one of the following:
|‣||In the Tool Properties view, click the Flatten button.|
|‣||Press Alt + Shift + F.|
|‣||Select Tools > Flatten.|


text:
This module implements the dnode protocol in a reusable form that is presently used for both the server-side and browser-side dnode code.
var protocol = require('dnode-protocol')
var proto = protocol(cons, localRef=)
Create a new protocol object with a constructor
These libraries implement the dnode protocol too so you can make RPC calls between scripts written in different languages.
There's a python one in the works too at
- dnode-python but it's not finished yet.


High Medical Expenses for Cancer Survivors
Cancer survivors had higher annual medical expenses and greater productivity issues
(RxWiki News) Surviving cancer involves more than just physical health. A new study explored the financial burden often experienced by these survivors.
A new study from researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) looked at the financial experiences of cancer survivors in the US from 2008 to 2011.
The study found that cancer survivors spent several thousand dollars more a year on medical expenses than those without a cancer history.
"Seek assistance if you have questions about your medical expenses or insurance options."
According to the authors of this study, led by Donatus U. Ekwueme, PhD, of CDC's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, the number of cancer survivors in the US has grown, creating a large population with unique concerns, including the long-term monitoring of their health.
"These survivors also face economic challenges, including limitations in work and daily activities, obtaining health insurance coverage and accessing health care, and increasing medical care costs," explained Dr. Ekwueme and team.
To estimate the medical costs and costs from lost work time that these cancer survivors face each year, the researchers used data from the 2008–2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). This data came from over 86,000 participants without a history of cancer and over 6,700 cancer survivors. More specific data was provided by another 1,202 cancer survivors.
Dr. Ekwueme and team found that during the period studied, male cancer survivors spent an average of $8,091 a year on medical expenses, compared with the $3,904 spent by men without a history of cancer. For female cancer survivors, average annual medical expenses were $8,412, versus the $5,119 spent by women who had never had cancer.
The researchers also examined costs associated with productivity loss, or money lost due to time spent away from work for health issues. For male cancer survivors, these costs amounted to an average of $3,719 a year, compared with $2,260 for men who had never had cancer. For women, the average productivity loss a year was $4,033 for cancer survivors, compared with $2,703 in women without a cancer history.
Additionally, 31.6 percent of all cancer survivors reported that they experienced issues performing daily activities beyond work, and 11.6 percent reported that they had trouble with mental tasks tied to daily activities.
"Among cancer survivors who were employed at any time since diagnosis, cancer and its treatment interfered with physical tasks (25 percent) and mental tasks (14 percent) required by the job, with nearly 25 percent of cancer survivors feeling less productive at work," reported Dr. Ekwueme and team.
It is important to note that the sample size of cancer survivors in this study was relatively small, and that the data were self-reported. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the financial differences between different forms of cancer.
"The economic data presented in this report investigating the economic consequences of surviving cancer highlight the need to develop comprehensive intervention programs to improve the quality of the cancer survivorship experience and decrease the economic burden of cancer survivorship in the United States," Dr. Ekwueme and team concluded.
This study was published June 12 in CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. No conflicts of interest were reported.
Review Date:
June 12, 2014


Coil unwinding
Rolled strips in the metal industry are wound on coils for transport. For the later processing when the coils are unwound, it is important to know how much material has already been unrolled. This task is simple to solve by using an optoNCDT ILR optical length sensor. It continuously measures the distance from the surface of the coil to the centre. The thickness of the coil reduces due to the unwinding which is measured using the increase in distance from the coil surface to the sensor. Using the coil thickness, the material length can be recalculated using specific algorithms.
No.1 Shorelines Building
Shore Road
CH41 1AU
(for Sat Nav use CH41 1AW)
+44 _PHONE_
+44 _PHONE_


Weighted Average Credit Rating
DEFINITION of 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
The weighted average of all the bond credit ratings in a bond fund. The measure gives investors an idea of how risky a fund's bonds are overall. The lower the weighted average credit rating, the riskier the bond fund. The weighted average credit rating is expressed as a regular letter rating (AAA, BBB, CCC).
BREAKING DOWN 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
To arrive at the weighted average credit rating, the calculation starts with dividing the value of each bond in the fund by the total value of the fund. This gives the individual bond weights. The weight of a bond in the fund determines how much that bond influences the weighted average credit rating. For example, if a bond fund has 95% AAA government bonds and 5% junk bonds, the bond fund would still have a weighted average credit rating of AAA.
 1. Japan Credit Rating Agency - JCR
 One of the key credit rating agencies in Japan. JCR provides...
 2. Junk Bond
 3. Investment Grade
 4. Bond Rating
 5. Credit Risk
 6. Bond Fund
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text:
Precautions for testing ash in muffle furnace
Note on the time of graying:
(1) The sample in the porcelain boat should be flattened, and the thickness of the sample should not be too large;
(2) When ashing, the furnace door can be opened, and the porcelain boat with the sample on the heat-resistant plate is slowly pushed into the mouth of the box-shaped high-temperature electric furnace, and the sample in the porcelain boat is slowly grayed out and smoked. After a few minutes, when the sample no longer smokes, slowly push the porcelain boat into the hot part of the high temperature furnace, and close the furnace door to burn the sample at 815±15. If there is a coal sample in the ashing process, the coal sample will be discarded and must be re-weighed.
(3) The furnace should have a chimney or venting holes to allow the coal sample to exclude combustion products and keep the air flowing during the burning process.
(4) The control system of the high temperature furnace must be accurate. The temperature rise capability of a high temperature furnace must meet the requirements for determining ash.
(5) The ashing time should ensure that the sample is completely ashed at a temperature of 815 ± 15, but it is also unfavorable to arbitrarily extend the ashing time.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


.
1. Select radio mode using the SELECTOR
knob or the AM/FM button.
2. Select NEWS in the menu and press
ENTER.
3. NEWS appears on the display.
4. Select NEWS again and press ENTER to
deactivate the NEWS function.
With this function, programmes from RDS stations that are news-coded will interrupt other
audio sources using the volume setting for this
specific purpose. As soon as the news broadcast is finished, the audio system returns to the
''
237
10 Infotainment system
Radio functions
10
previous audio source and resumes the previous volume setting.
If you do not wish to listen to a news item in
progress:
±
Press the EXIT button. The NEWS function
remains active and the radio waits for the
next news programme.
Traffic information – TP
This function interrupts other audio sources in
order to broadcast traffic information from RDS
stations. The message is heard at the volume
set for this specific purpose. As soon as the
message ends, the radio returns to the previous audio source and volume setting.
1. Select TP in the menu and press ENTER.
2. TP appears on the display.
3. Select TP again and press ENTER to deactivate the TP function.
TP is shown in the display when this function
is active. If the set station can send traffic information then
appears on the display.
Traffic information will only interrupt the sound
source if
is shown in the display.
If you do not wish to listen to a traffic bulletin
in progress:
238
±
Press the EXIT button. The TP function
remains active and the radio waits for the
next traffic bulletin.
TP Search
This function allows you to listen to traffic information when travelling between different countries and states in Europe without needing to
select a station.
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
sage is broadcast. This function is used to warn
motorists of major accidents and catastrophes, such as a bridge collapse or an accident
at a nuclear plant.
Programme types – PTY
The PTY function can be used to select different programme types, such as pop or classical
music. Use the PTY function to select from
among the different programme types shown
in the list below.
2. Select TP and press ENTER.
3. Select TP Search and press ENTER.
To deactivate the function, select TP Search
again and press ENTER.
Radio text
Some RDS stations transmit information on
programme content, artists, etc. This information can be indicated with text in the display.
Display of programme type
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
2. Select PTY in the menu and press
ENTER.
3. Select SHOW PTY and press ENTER.
The PTY of the selected station is now shown
in the display.
1. Press the MENU button.
2. Select RADIO TEXT in the menu and
press ENTER.
3. Select RADIO TEXT again and press
ENTER to deactivate.
Alarm
Alarms are transmitted automatically and the
function cannot be deactivated. Alarm! is
shown in the radio display when an alarm mes-
NOTE
Not all radio stations have a PTY designation.
10 Infotainment system
Radio functions
Programme
type
Display shows
Programme
type
Display shows
1. Select FM 1 or FM 2 and press the
MENU button.
10
Current affairs
CURRENT AFFAIRS
National music
NATIONAL MUSIC
2. Select RADIO SETTINGS and press
ENTER.
Religion
RELIGION
Pop music
POP MUSIC
3. Select PTY and press ENTER.
Varied discussions
VARIED SPEECH
Travel and holiday
TRAVEL
4. Select SELECT PTY and press ENTER.
Country music
COUNTRY MUSIC
Rock music
ROCK MUSIC
Documentary
DOCUMETARY
Social affairs
SOCIAL AFFAIRS
Finance
FINANCE
Sport
SPORT
Folk music
FOLK MUSIC
Drama
DRAMA
Leisure and
hobby
LEISURE & HOBBY
Phone In
PHONE IN
Education
EDUCATION
Children's progs
CHILDREN
Science
SCIENCE
Oldies music
OLDIES MUSIC
Weather & Metro
WEATHER
Information
INFORMATION
Other music
OTHER MUSIC
Jazz music
JAZZ MUSIC
Serious classic
SERIOUS CLASSIC
Culture and Art
CULTURES
Light classic
LIGHT CLASSIC
Easy listening
EASY LISTENING
Searching for a specific programme type
This function helps you find programmes with
a specific focus by searching the entire frequency band.
5. Press ENTER for one or more of the listed
programme types you select. The PTY
symbol in the display illuminates when the
first selection is made and the radio continues in standby for PTY.
6. Once you have selected all desired types,
select EXIT/CLEAR to exit the PTY list.
7. Select SEARCH PTY and press ENTER. If
the radio finds a station with the selected
programme type, it is played through the
speakers.
8. If the radio finds a station that is unsuitable,
continue the search with the
buttons.
/
9. If no stations with the selected programme
type are found, the radio resumes its previous frequency. PTY then remains in
standby mode until the selected programme type is broadcast, at which time
the radio automatically switches to the station sending the selected programme type.
''
239
10 Infotainment system
Radio functions
10
In order to deactivate PTY standby, enter the
menu and select CLEAR ALL PTY. The symbol PTY disappears from the display and the
radio resumes normal mode.
Traffic information – TP STATION
Here, you set from which station traffic information is to be heeded.
Note that
must be shown in the display
for this to work.
Activating/deactivating TP STATION
Listen to the station from which traffic information is to be heeded.
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
2. Select TP and press ENTER.
News – NEWS STATION
Automatic frequency update – AF
Here, you set from which station news is to be
heeded.
The AF function selects one of the strongest
transmitters for a set station. The radio may
sometimes need to search through the entire
FM wavelength to find a strong transmitter. If
this occurs, the radio mutes and PI SEEK
PRESS EXIT TO CANCEL appears in the display.
Note that the set station in question must be an
RDS station for this to work.
Activating/deactivating NEWS STATION
Listen to the station from which news is to be
heeded.
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
2. Select NEWS STATION and press
ENTER.
NOTE
Now only traffic information from the stored
station will by played.
240
press ENTER.
2. Select AF and press ENTER.
3. Select TP STATION and press ENTER.
To reactivate AF, select AF and press
ENTER.
4. Select SET CURRENT to activate or
RESET CURRENT to deactivate and
press ENTER.
Regional radio programmes – REG
3. Select TP STATION and press ENTER.
4. Select SET CURRENT to activate or
RESET CURRENT to deactivate and
press ENTER.
Activating/deactivating AF
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
NOTE
Now only news from the stored station will
by played.
This function causes the radio to continue with
a regional transmitter even if its signal strength
is low.
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
2. Select REGIONAL and press ENTER.
3. REG appears on the display.
4. To deactivate the REG, select REG again
and press ENTER.
10 Infotainment system
Radio functions
Enhanced Other Networks – EON
Resetting RDS functions
The EON function is especially useful in urban
areas with many regional radio stations. It
allows the distance between the car and the
radio station transmitter to determine when
programme functions should interrupt the current audio source.
Resets all radio settings to the original factory
settings.
2. Select RESET ALL and press ENTER.
- LOCAL – interrupts only if the radio station
3. Press ENTER again to confirm.
10
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
transmitter is close.
- DISTANT 1 – interrupts if the station transmitter is far away, even if there is a lot of
static.
- OFF – no interruption for programmes from
other transmitters.
Activating/deactivating EON
1. Select RADIO SETTINGS in the menu and
press ENTER.
2. Select EON and press ENTER.
3. Select LOCAL, DISTANT or OFF and
press ENTER.
1
Default/factory settings.
241
10 Infotainment system
CD functions
10
Inserting a CD (CD changer)
Audio files
±
Apart from normal music CDs, the CD player
supports MP3 and WMA format audio files.
Select an empty position with the number
buttons 1 - 6 or Up/Down on the navigation
button.
An empty position is marked on the display.
The text INSERT DISC shows that a new disc
can be inserted. The CD changer can hold up
to six CDs.
±
Insert a CD into the CD changer slot (2).
G027116
CD eject
A CD will stay in the ejected position for
max. 12 seconds. Following which it is reinserted in the player and playback continues.
Starting playback (CD player)
Single discs (CD player)
If a music CD is in the player when the audio
system is in CD mode then playback is started
automatically. Otherwise, load a disc and
change to CD mode using SELECTOR (4) or
CD(1).
Eject individual discs by pressing the eject button (3).
Starting playback (CD changer)
If a CD position with a music CD is already
selected when the audio system is activated
then playback starts automatically. Otherwise
change to CD changer mode using
SELECTOR (4) or CD (1) and select a disc with
the number buttons 1 - 6.
All discs (CD changer)
Eject all discs with a long press on the eject
button. The entire magazine is emptied disc by
disc. The message EJECTING ALL is shown
in the display.
This function can only be activated if the car is
stationary. Eject is interrupted if the car begins
to move.
Pause
If the volume is turned down completely, the
CD player is stopped. The player is restarted
when volume is increased.
242
NOTE
Certain types of copy-protected audio files
cannot be read by the player.
When a CD containing audio files


text:
The latest market report published by Credence Research, Inc. "Global Drug of Abuse Testing/Screening Market: Growth, Future Prospects, and Competitive Analysis, 2016 – 2028". The global drug abuse testing market is anticipated to grow at a substantial CAGR of 17.2% in the upcoming years. The global Drug Of Abuse Testing industry was estimated to be worth USD 5.5 billion in 2022 and was expected to be worth USD 16.7 billion by 2028.
The drug of abuse testing/screening market is driven by factors such as the increasing prevalence of drug abuse, stringent regulations and policies regarding drug testing in various sectors, and the need for workplace safety and public health. Key players in the market include manufacturers of drug testing devices and kits, analytical instrument suppliers, and service providers offering drug testing and screening services.
Geographically, the market is widespread, with significant demand in regions such as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Latin America, where drug abuse is a significant concern. The market is continuously evolving with advancements in technology, such as point-of-care testing devices, portable analyzers, and the development of new drug detection methods.
Urine drug testing has been recommended and used in numerous situations, including workplace drug usage, criminal justice proceedings, etc. Numerous laboratories set up to do urinalysis for methadone treatment have had to increase their capacity significantly. Many new labs have popped up recently to accommodate the need for drug assays. Due to current economic concerns, clinical labs connected to medical centers have started dabbling in drug testing. Consequently, the urine analysis market sector is anticipated to start soon to take off. The expanding use of urine analysis for drug abuse is also a result of technological advancements in drug abuse testing, an increase in drug overdose mortality, and a rise in drug test demand.
The global Drug of Abuse Testing/Screening Market is bifurcated into Drug type, Sample type, Product, Application, End-User and Geography. Based on Drug type the market is categorized into Alcohol, Cocaine, Marijuana/Cannabis, LSD, Opioids & Others. Based on Sample type the market is categorized into Urine, Saliva, Blood, Hair, Breath & Others. Based on geography, the market is categorized as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa.
Drug of Abuse Testing/Screening Market major players analysis is a crucial aspect of the drug testing industry. The market has seen significant growth in recent years due to increasing incidences of drug abuse and substance addiction globally. Key players operating in this market include Quest Diagnostics, LabCorp, Abbott Laboratories, Roche, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Siemens Healthineers AG, Alere Inc., Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Danaher Corporation and Express Diagnostics International Inc. These companies are investing heavily in R&D activities to develop innovative products that can provide accurate results quickly and efficiently.
The drug of abuse testing/screening market is influenced by several dynamics that shape its growth, demand, and trends. Some key dynamics in the market include:
- Stringent Drug Testing Regulations: Regulatory bodies and organizations implement stringent drug testing regulations, particularly in workplaces, sports organizations, law enforcement agencies, and healthcare settings. Mandatory drug testing policies and the need for compliance drive the demand for drug of abuse testing/screening solutions.
- Substance Abuse Epidemic: The prevalence of substance abuse and the associated public health concerns contribute to the growth of the drug of abuse testing/screening market. The need to detect and deter drug abuse among individuals helps in ensuring safety, maintaining productivity, and addressing societal and healthcare challenges.
- Workplace Safety and Occupational Health: Employers prioritize workplace safety and occupational health by implementing drug testing programs. Pre-employment screening, random testing, and post-incident testing are common practices to identify and deter drug abuse among employees, especially in safety-sensitive industries such as transportation, construction, and manufacturing.
- Sports and Athletics: Anti-doping measures in sports organizations and athletic competitions drive the demand for drug of abuse testing/screening. Athletes are subjected to regular testing to ensure fair play, maintain the integrity of competitions, and safeguard athletes' health. Testing/screening solutions help detect performance-enhancing drugs and other prohibited substances.
- Advancements in Testing Technologies: Continuous advancements in drug testing technologies contribute to the market growth. Innovations in immunoassays, chromatography techniques, and point-of-care testing devices improve the accuracy, sensitivity, and speed of drug testing/screening. These advancements enable efficient testing processes and facilitate quick decision-making.
- Growing Substance Abuse Awareness and Treatment Initiatives: Increasing awareness about substance abuse and its impact on individuals, families, and communities drives efforts to identify and treat individuals with drug-related problems. Drug of abuse testing/screening is an essential tool for diagnosing and monitoring substance abuse disorders, facilitating timely intervention and treatment.
- Emerging Markets and Healthcare Infrastructure Development: The drug of abuse testing/screening market is witnessing growth in emerging markets due to expanding healthcare infrastructure, rising disposable income, and increasing awareness of drug abuse. The need for effective testing/screening solutions in these regions presents opportunities for market players to expand their presence.
- Collaboration between Industry and Regulatory Bodies: Collaborations between industry players, research institutions, and regulatory bodies play a significant role in driving market growth. These collaborations focus on the development of standardized testing protocols, quality control measures, and the advancement of testing technologies to meet regulatory requirements and enhance testing accuracy.
- Integration of Point-of-Care Testing (POCT): The integration of point-of-care testing devices and technologies in drug of abuse testing/screening enables rapid testing and immediate results at the point of sample collection. POCT offers convenience, reduces turnaround time, and facilitates on-site testing in various settings, such as workplaces, clinics, and law enforcement agencies.
Why to Buy This Report-
- The report provides a qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the global Drug of Abuse Testing/Screening Market by segments, current trends, drivers, restraints, opportunities, challenges, and market dynamics with the historical period from 2016-2020, the base year- 2021, and the projection period 2022-2028.
- The report includes information on the competitive landscape, such as how the market's top competitors operate at the global, regional, and country levels.
- In-depth analysis of the global market segmentation on the basis of Sample type and Product type
- Major nations in each region with their import/export statistics
- The global Drug of Abuse Testing/Screening Market report also includes the analysis of the market at a global, regional, and country-level along with key market trends, major players analysis, market growth strategies, and key application areas.
Browse Full Report: _URL_


text:
This Article argues that a key-but-overlooked factor in the Vietnam-era breakdown of the draft system was the Supreme Court's expansion of the religious conscientious objector ("CO") exemption. It asserts that the Court understood that the CO exemption violated the Establishment Clause, but rather than strike the exemption down, the Court avoided the constitutional issue by interpreting away the religious element of CO statutes. The Article concludes that the Court's rulings caused CO exemptions to skyrocket, which in turn caused the draft system to collapse toward the end of the Vietnam War.
How Conscientious Objectors Killed the Draft: The Collapse of the Selective Service during the Vietnam War,
68 Clev. St. L. Rev.
available at _URL_


text:
Faculty Awarded Outstanding Early Career Scholar Award for Learning & Instruction
Dr. Sabina Neugebauer was awarded the Outstanding Early Career Scholar Award for Division C: Learning and Instruction at the 2017 American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting. This prestigious award recognizes the scholarly contributions of an outstanding early career scholar to the field of learning and instruction across the lifespan and among diverse populations. Dr. Neugebauer's research focuses on the literacy development of traditionally underserved students in under-performing elementary and middle schools. Her research examines two essential components of literacy development: vocabulary and reading motivation. What sets her research agenda apart is that she investigates these two facets of reading at three complementary levels of analysis (individual, classroom, and school context) to more comprehensively identify ways to support students in achieving equitable educational outcomes.


text:
Iowa reports lowest unemployment rate in 1999
March 01, 2000
With an average unemployment rate of 2.5 percent, Iowa reported the lowest unemployment rate in the nation in 1999, followed by New Hampshire at 2.7 percent.
Other states with unemployment rates below 3.0 percent included Minnesota and Virginia at 2.8 percent, and Colorado, Nebraska and South Dakota with unemployment rates of 2.9 percent each. Nine of the 17 states with jobless rates below 3.5 percent were in the Midwest.
Overall, 26 states had unemployment rates below the national average, while 24 states and the District of Columbia posted higher rates—the most even distribution in 12 years.
These data are a product of the Local Area Unemployment Statistics program. To learn more, see State and Regional Unemployment, 1999 Annual Averages (USDL 00-56).
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Editor's Desk, Iowa reports lowest unemployment rate in 1999 on the Internet at _URL_ (visited May 22, 2013).
Spotlight on Statistics: Productivity
This edition of Spotlight on Statistics examines labor productivity trends from 2000 through 2010 for selected industries and sectors within the nonfarm business sector of the U.S. economy. Read more »


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Title: Spectral behaviour of bismuth centres in different steps of the FCVD process
The behaviour of bismuth ions in silica glass free of other dopants has been studied in different steps of the furnace chemical vapour deposition (FCVD) process. Porous layers annealed and consolidated in different atmospheres, a bismuth chloride solution in acetone for porous layer impregnation, the resultant glass preform and holey fibres drawn out under various conditions have been characterised by spectroscopic techniques and X-ray diffraction. Active bismuth centres present in the preform and luminescing in the visible and IR spectral regions persist during drawing under reducing conditions, whereas drawing under oxidising conditions eliminates such centres. Annealing under reducing conditions produces absorption bands of IR-emitting bismuth centres (IRBCs) in spectra of fibres drawn out under oxidising conditions and concurrently increases the background loss. Under the annealing conditions of this study (argon atmosphere, T{sub max} = 1100 Degree-Sign C, 30 min), the IRBC concentration reaches a maximum and then decreases, whereas the background loss increases monotonically. (fiber optics)
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; [1]
 1. Fiber Optics Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22156609
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Resource Relation:
Journal Name: Quantum Electronics (Woodbury, N.Y.); Journal Volume: 43; Journal Issue: 7; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; ANNEALING; ARGON; BISMUTH CHLORIDES; BISMUTH IONS; CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERES; FIBER OPTICS; FIBERS; IMPREGNATION; POROUS MATERIALS; SPECTRA; X-RAY DIFFRACTION


More useful is the change event, which fires when the element loses focus if (and only if) the value inside the text box is different from the value it had when it got the focus. This enables you to do things like validity checks that occur only if something has changed.
You can use the readonly attribute of the <input/> element, or the corresponding readOnly property, to prevent the contents from being changed:
<input type="text" name="txtReadonly" value="Look but don't change"
readonly="readonly">
The keypress, keydown, and keyup events fire, as their names suggest, when the user presses a key, when the user presses a key down, and when a key that is pressed down is let back up, respectively.
TRY IT OUT A Simple Form with Validation
Let's put all the information on text boxes and buttons together into an example. In this example, you have a simple form consisting of two text boxes and a button. The top text box is for the users' name, and the second is for their age. You do various validity checks. You check the validity of the age text box when it loses focus. However, the name and age text boxes are only checked to see if they are empty when the button is clicked. This example does not work properly on Firefox; we'll discuss this shortly.
<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Chapter 11: Example 4</title>

<form action="" name="form1">
Please enter the following details:

Name:
<input type="text" name="txtName" />

Age:
<input type="text" name="txtAge" size="3" maxlength="3" />

<input type="button" value="Check details" name="btnCheckForm">

</form>

After you've entered the text, save the file as ch11_example4.html and load it into your web browser.
In the text box shown in Figure 11.5, type your name. When you leave the text box, you'll see Hi yourname appear in an alert box.
images
Figure 11.5
Enter an invalid value into the age text box, such as aaaa, and when you try to leave the box, it'll tell you of the error and send you back to correct it.
Finally, click the Check Details button and both text boxes will be checked to see that you have completed them. If either is empty, you'll get a message telling you to complete the whole form, and it'll send you back to the box that's empty.
If everything is filled in correctly, you'll get a message thanking you, as shown in Figure 11.5.
Within the body of the page, you create the HTML elements that define your form. Inside your form, which is called form1, you create three form elements with the names txtName, txtAge, and btnCheckForm:
<form action="" name="form1">
Please enter the following details:

Name:
<input type="text" name="txtName" />

Age:
<input type="text" name="txtAge" size="3" maxlength="3" />

<input type="button" value="Check details"
name="btnCheckForm">

</form>
You'll see that for the second text box (the txtAge text box), you have included the size and maxlength attributes inside the <input/> element. Setting the size attribute to 3 gives the user an idea of how much text you are expecting, and setting the maxlengthattribute to 3 helps ensure that you don't get overly large numbers entered for the age value.
You register listeners for various events on these elements:
var myForm = document.form1;
myForm.txtName.addEventListener("change", txtNameChange);
myForm.txtAge.addEventListener("blur", txtAgeBlur);
myForm.btnCheckForm.addEventListener("click", btnCheckFormClick);
The first text box's change event is handled by the txtNameChange(), the second text box's blur event is handled by txtAgeBlur(), and the button's click event will cause btnCheckFormClick() to execute. Let's look at each of these functions in turn, starting withbtnCheckFormClick().
The first thing you do is define two variables, txtName and txtAge, and set them to reference <input/> elements with the same names:
function btnCheckFormClick(e) {
var txtName = myForm.txtName;
var txtAge = myForm.txtAge;
These are convenience variables, thus reducing the size of your code (you don't have to type myForm.txtName every time you reference the txtName object). It makes your code more readable and therefore easier to debug, and it saves typing.
After getting the reference to the <input/> element objects, you then use it in an if statement to check whether the value in the text box named txtAge or the text box named txtName actually contains any text:
if (txtAge.value == "" || txtName.value == "") {
alert("Please complete all of the form");
if (txtName.value == "") {
txtName.focus();
} else {
txtAge.focus();
}
}
If you do find an incomplete form, you alert the user. Then in an inner if statement, you check which text box was not filled in. You set the focus to the offending text box, so that the user can start filling it in straightaway without having to move the focus to it herself. It also lets the user know which text box your program requires her to fill in. To avoid annoying your users, make sure that text in the page tells them which fields are required.
If the original outer if statement finds that the form is complete, it lets the user know with a thank-you message:
else {
alert("Thanks for completing the form " + txtName.value);
}
}
In this sort of situation, it's probably more likely that you'll submit the form to the server than to let the user know with a thank-you message. You can do this using the Form object's submit() method or using a normal Submit button.
The next of the three functions is txtAgeBlur(), which handles the blur event of the txtAge text box. This function's purpose is to check that the string value the user entered into the age box actually consists of numeric characters:
function txtAgeBlur(e) {
var target = e.target;
At the start of the function, you retrieve the target of the event (the txtAge text box) and store it in the target variable. You could use myForm.txtAge to reference the same txtAge text box, but using the Event object's target property is a better solution. ThetxtAgeBlur() function works only with the element that received the blur event. As such, using the Event object's target property gives you a generalized function that doesn't depend on any external variables, such as myForm. Plus, it's less typing.
The following if statement checks to see whether what has been entered in the txtAge text box can be converted to a number. You use the isNaN(


text:
Want to beat your Scrabble friends no matter where you are?WordSolver Android App!
1 Definition of Toupee
The definition of toupee, the meaning of the word Toupee:
Is toupee a scrabble word? Yes!
- n. - A small hairpiece to cover partial baldness
Toupee is worth 8 points in Scrabble, and 10 points in Words with Friends
There are 6 letters in toupee: E E O P T U
Words that can be created with an extra letter added to toupee:
24 words found using the letters in "Toupee"
5 Letter Words
4 Letter Words
3 Letter Words
2 Letter Words


text:
While the ability to defend against a physical attack is important, defense against stress and its effects is of greater importance. Training with Kang Rhee is an excellent means of stress management because it challenges and expands the mind while providing a heart-strengthening workout, all in an enthusiastic and exciting environment. It channels negative or unfocused energy into positive power.
Kang Rhee incorporates Karate, TaeKwonDo, and Kung-Fu to create PaSaRyu which is appropriate for all body styles and structures. The physical workout strengthens and elongates the musculature as coordination enhances manual dexterity. Opening the mind and body to new experiences improves attitude, increases concentration skills, and develops leadership ability.
Adult classes are offered during both evening and daytime hours. Adults are allowed to attend and participate in children's classes.


text:
Are you dealing with a legal issue related to housing, education, transportation, or the environment? Then you may need to look at local ordinances when you are doing your research. Cities and towns have the authority to make local laws in many areas, including planning and zoning, building and construction standards, noise and nuisance regulation, business licenses, and public health and safety. If you deal with these kinds of issues on a regular basis, or if you frequently represent small business owners or landlords, you will definitely be dealing with local ordinances, or municipal codes, at some point.
There are a number of online sources that provide selected municipal codes from cities and towns across the country. Sources that provide codes from Connecticut municipalities include Municipal Code Corporation, General Code Publishers, and American Legal Publishing. Some Connecticut cities and towns provide access to their local ordinances on their websites, as well as in their respective city and town clerk's offices. You may also be able to find a copy of a city or town's municipal code at its public library. The law library also has the municipal codes for the city of Hartford and the town of West Hartford in print.


text:
History of Catford
The name Catford is usually explained as having been taken from a ford across the River Ravensbourne frequented by wild cats. In 1745 there were a few houses at Catford Bridge, and separate hamlets at Perry Hill and Rushey Green. The open space called Rushey Green, which was east of the modern road, was an ancient area of settlement, with moated houses on either side. The green was enclosed in 1810, and cottages were rapidly built over it.
A watermill for corn was established at Catford Bridge at the beginning of the nineteenth century to serve the local farms. The fields in the area were a mixture of pasture and arable. The first significant planned housing development was the luxury estate called Ravensbourne Park, which was begun in the 1820s.
In 1857 the Mid Kent railway line was built, with a station at Catford Bridge. This encouraged the building of houses for the middle classes, since it offered transport to the City of London.
However, large-scale development did not take place until the end of the century, when trams provided a cheaper means of transport and Catford Station gave a direct link with the West End.
Much housing for the working and lower middle classes quickly resulted. The largest of the new building projects was the Corbett Estate, which stretched into Hither Green. The Forster family, Lewisham's largest landowners, began to develop their farmland in the south of Catford from the 1890s. Some light industry was established in southern Catford.
Lewisham's local government has had its headquarters in Catford since 1875. The old Board of Works offices were enlarged as the Town Hall in 1900, and other municipal buildings have been added.


text:
Early Learning Center
SPRINGFIELD? The Illinois State Board of Education (ISBE) encourages families to establish and maintain good health and study habits as schools across the state open doors for the start of a new academic year. The onset of the school year provides a prime opportunity to review academic skills and implement positive habits and routines.
"Students need to arrive at school ready for new challenges and experiences," said State Board of Education Chairman Gery J. Chico. "Families can help their children excel by developing habits that ensure children get enough sleep, a good breakfast and a dedicated study time and place. Most importantly, they can pass on a positive attitude about education. Learning doesn't just happen during the school day but every moment adults spend with children."
As students approach the new school year, families might start new bedtime hours for an easier transition during the first week of school. Setting aside a quiet dedicated study space, with good light and appropriate supplies, may help children focus as they do homework.
A review of academic skills before the start of the school year may also help students succeed in the classroom. Some ideas include:


Red Hat Training
A Red Hat training course is available for Red Hat Directory Server
20.6. Monitoring Server Activity
The Directory Server's current activities can be monitored from either the Directory Server Console or the command line. It is also possible to monitor the activity of the caches for all of the database.
20.6.1. Monitoring the Server from the Directory Server Console
 1. Select the Status tab.
 2. In the navigation tree, select Performance Counters.
 The Status tab in the right pane displays current information about server activity. If the server is currently not running, this tab will not provide performance monitoring information.
 3. Click Refresh to refresh the current display. For the server to continuously update the displayed information, select the Continuous check box.
The General Information table shows basic information about the server, which helps set a baseline about the statistics that have been gathered.
Table 20.2. General Information (Server)
Field Description
Server Version Identifies the current server version.
Startup Time on Server The date and time the server was started.
Current Time on Server The current date and time on the server.
The Resource Summary table shows the totals of all operations performed by that instance.
Table 20.3. Resource Summary
Resource Usage Since Startup Average Per Minute
Connections The total number of connections to this server since server startup. Average number of connections per minute since server startup.
Operations Initiated The total number of operations initiated since server startup. Operations include any client requests for server action,such as searches, adds, and modifies. Often, multiple operations are initiated for each connection. Average number of operations per minute since server startup.
Operations Completed The total number of operations completed by the server since server startup. Average number of operations per minute since server startup.
Entries Sent to Clients The total number of entries sent to clients since server startup. Entries are sent to clients as the result of search requests. Average number of entries sent to clients per minute since server startup.
Bytes Sent to Clients The total number of bytes sent to clients since server startup. Average number of bytes sent to clients per minute since server startup.
The Current Resource Usage table shows the current demands on the server.
Table 20.4. Current Resource Usage
Resource Current Total
Active Threads The current number of active threads used for handling requests. Additional threads may be created by internal server tasks, such as replication or chaining.
Open Connections The total number of open connections. Each connection can account for multiple operations, and therefore multiple threads.
Remaining Available Connections The total number of remaining connections that the server can concurrently open. This number is based on the number of currently open connections and the total number of concurrent connections that the server is allowed to open. In most cases, the latter value is determined by the operating system and is expressed as the number of file descriptors available to a task.
Threads Waiting to Write to Client The total number of threads waiting to write to the client. Threads may not be immediately written when the server must pause while sending data to a client. Reasons for a pause include a slow network, a slow client, or an extremely large amount of information being sent to the client.
Threads Waiting to Read from Client The total number of threads waiting to read from the client. Threads may not be immediately read if the server starts to receive a request from the client, and then the transmission of that request is halted for some reason. Generally, threads waiting to read are an indication of a slow network or client.
Databases in Use The total number of databases being serviced by the server.
The Connection Status table simply lists the current active connections, with related connection information.
Table 20.5. Connection Status
Table Header Description
Time Opened The time on the server when the connection was initially opened.
Started The number of operations initiated by this connection.
Completed The number of operations completed by the server for this connection.
Bound as The distinguished name used by the client to bind to the server. If the client has not authenticated to the server, the server displays not bound in this field.
Read/Write Indicates whether the server is currently blocked for read or write access to the client. There are two possible values:
Not blocked means that the server is idle,actively sending data to the client, or actively reading data from the client.
Blocked means that the server is trying to send data to the client or read data from the client but cannot. The probable cause is a slow network or client.
The Global Database Cache table lists the cache information for all databases within the Directory Server instance.
Note
Although the performance counter for the global database cache is listed with the other server performance counters in the Directory Server Console, the actual database cache entries are located and monitored in cn=monitor,cn=database_instance,cn=ldbm database,cn=plugins,cn=config, as are the other database activities. Monitoring these entries through the command line is covered in Section 20.7.2, "Monitoring Databases from the Command Line".
Table 20.6. Global Database Cache Information
Table Header Description
Hits The number of times the server could process a request by obtaining data from the cache rather than by going to the disk.
Tries The total number of database accesses since server startup.
Hit Ratio The ratio of cache tries to successful cache hits. The closer this number is to 100%, the better.
Pages Read In The number of pages read from disk into the cache.
Pages Written Out The number of pages written from the cache back to disk.
Read-Only Page Evicts The number of read-only pages discarded from the cache to make room for new pages. Pages discarded from the cache have to be written to disk, possibly affecting server performance. The lower the number of page evicts the better.
Read-Write Page Evicts The number of read-write pages discarded from the cache to make room for new pages. This value differs from Pages Written Out in that these are discarded read-write pages that have not been modified. Pages discarded from the cache have to be written to disk, possibly affecting server performance. The lower the number of page evicts, the better.
20.6.2. Monitoring the Directory Server from the Command Line
The Directory Server's current activities can be monitored using LDAP tools such as ldapsearch, with the following characteristics:
 - Search with the attribute filter objectClass=*.
 - Use the search base cn=monitor; the monitoring attributes for the server are found in the cn=monitor entry.
 - Use the search scope base.
For example:
# ldapsearch -D "cn=Directory Manager" -W -p 389 -h server.example.com -x -s base -b "cn=monitor" "(objectclass=*)"
The monitoring attributes for the Directory Server are found in the cn=monitor entry. For information on searching the Directory Server, see Section 14.3, "Using ldapsearch".
Table 20.7. Server Monitoring Attributes
Attribute Description
version Identifies the directory's current version number.
threads The current number of active threads used for handling requests. Additional threads may be created by internal server tasks, such as replication or chaining.
connection:fd:opentime:opsinitiated:opscompleted:binddn:[rw] Provides the following summary information for each open connection (only available if you bind to the directory as Directory Manager):
fd — The file descriptor used for this connection.
opentime — The time this connection was opened.
opsinitiated — The number of operations initiated by this connection.
opscompleted — The number of operations completed.
binddn — The distinguished name used by this connection to connect to the directory.
rw — The field shown if the connection is blocked for read or write.
By default, this information is available to Directory Manager. However, the ACI associated with this information can be edited to allow others to access the information.
currentconnections Identifies the number of connections currently in service by the directory.
totalconnections Identifies the number of connections handled by the directory since it started.
dtablesize Shows the number of file descriptors available to the directory. Each connection requires one file descriptor: one for every open index, one for log file management, and one for ns-slapd itself. Essentially, this value shows how many additional concurrent connections can be serviced by the directory. For more information on file descriptors, see the operating system documentation.
readwaiters Identifies the number of threads waiting to read data from a client.
opsinitiated Identifies the number of operations the server has initiated since it started.
opscompleted Identifies the number of operations the server has completed since it started.
entriessent Identifies the number of entries sent to clients since the server started.
bytessent Identifies the number of bytes sent to clients since the server started.
currenttime Identifies the time when this snapshot of the server was taken. The time is displayed in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in UTC format.
starttime Identifies the time when the server started. The time is displayed in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in UTC format.
nbackends Identifies the number of back ends (databases) the server services.
backendmonitordn Identifies the DN of each directory database.


Vince Elliott, president and CEO of The Chemical Free Cleaning Network, Baltimore, Md., and author of "Extreme Green Cleaning," is no stranger to water-activated cleaning solutions; he's been studying their efficacy for some time.
Recently, Elliott connected with a custodial cleaning executive overseeing a high-traffic facility to examine the following questions:
- Do the various water-activated sanitizing technologies actually reduce Reflective Light Unit (RLU) levels as measured by an ATP meter?
- How do the differing technologies compare to each other? Does one perform better or worse, or are they all basically the same?
- What differences in efficacy are there between plain tap water and water-activated technologies?
While Elliott's research is ongoing, he has tested 760 surfaces in the facility so far and has learned a thing or two about the sanitizing products being used.
The goal of the study is to compare and contrast the efficacy of the more popular water-activated sanitizing products in a working environment, says Elliott. But based on an ATP test model of surfaces in the facility, the technologies just don't match the efficacy findings outlined in the lab tests.
He explains: "Lab findings are highlighted on the websites of the various technologies, which generally report a 99.9 to 99.999 percent effective rate for common germs. Our study, based on an ATP testing model, resulted in an effective rate of 71 to 85 percent."
The findings from the study, he notes, are obviously lower than the laboratory-based results being reported for these technologies. However, he's quick to add that no one is exaggerating their effectiveness.
"I'm not saying their results are wrong, because in a lab they are right," he explains. "What I'm saying is that out there where workers are scrubbing through the dirt, and may or may not be following instructions, these are the results — this is what is happening in the real world. Our data suggests that if the lab-based studies were repeated in the field, under everyday working conditions, the lab-based efficacy findings could be lower then the 99.9 percent."
Elliott adds that even if the real-world results for water-activated technologies aren't as high as those achieved in stringent lab-based testing, it is still a sustainability option facility executives should not ignore.
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Understanding Enhanced Water Technologies
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How Using Enhanced Water Can Save Money


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CPCCPD3021 Prepare existing coated surface for painting Training Resources
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Size: 24cm./9.4inch.
Weight: 450gr./15.8oz.
Porcelain KVP plate from 1955.
The Kasernierte Volkspolizei (German for Barracked People's Police) was the precursor to the National People's Army (NVA) in East Germany. Their original headquarters was in Adlershof locality in Berlin, and from 1954 in Strausberg in modern-day Brandenburg. They ceased to exist after 1956, having been transformed into the NVA.
In October 1948 the Soviet Military Administration in Germany formed the Alert Police (Bereitschaftspolizei), a force of armed units housed in barracks and trained in military fashion. The force consisted of forty units with 100–250 men each, the units being subordinated to provincial authorities. Many of the officers and men were recruited from among German POWs held in the Soviet Union.
Tableware DDR KVP 1955
SKU: TD002
€ 20,00Price
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ANOTHER space "first" takes place in February when the space shuttle carries chilled Coca-Cola and Diet Coke into orbit. Astronauts will be asked to give opinions on flavour and carbonation.
Coke has flown in space twice before, but only at room temperature. In this case, the drinks will be chilled to 4 °C. The makers of Coca-Cola say the test will measure how taste perceptions change in space. "The Coca-Cola Company has always assumed the leadership role in the development of new technology," says the company.
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Users who have the Administrator role can export all the information stored in a process instance with just one click. This can be done at any stage of the workflow, even if the process instance has finished or if there are ongoing tasks.
To download a process instance, you should follow the following steps:
1) Open the process instance you want to view.
2) Click on the 'Process instance history' icon.
3) Navigate to the 'Full Report' task and download it.
If you click on 'Download Report' and you don't click the checkbox shown in the image above, an Excel file will be downloaded containing the detailed report of the process instance. In case you have clicked on the checkbox, a.zip file will be downloaded, containing:
A PDF with the process instance form, including all the fields and their values. Besides, in case someone has made comments in a process instance, these will also be included.
All the attachments (if any), either uploaded through an attachment field or through the Attachments tab.
An Excel file containing the detailed report of a single process instance.
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Pronounced /əʊf/Help with IPA
An oaf is a stupid, boorish, or clumsy man.
There's an intimate connection between oafs and elves. In ancient legend, elves weren't the noble creatures portrayed in Tolkien's stories but powerful and dangerous supernatural beings who were more likely to harm humans than to help them. Their name says so: it comes from an ancient Germanic term for a nightmare, a close relative of the first element of the modern German Albdruck with the same sense. Among other nasty habits, elves were thought to bring humans bad dreams and to steal their children, leaving changelings in their place.
It's from that belief that oaf first appeared in English, in the seventeenth century. Originally an oaf was an elf's child, one that had been left in a poor exchange for a stolen human one. In popular superstition, such children were assumed to be ugly or stupid.
The first forms to appear were ouphe and auf, the former turning up several times in Shakespeare's plays, though he used it to mean an elf or goblin. Auf appears in 1621 in the Anatomy of Melancholy by Robert Burton: "A very monster, an aufe imperfect".
By the end of the seventeenth century it had settled to the modern spelling and oaf had moved to mean "idiot child" or "halfwit", then later took on the senses of a large, clumsy man or boy and a rude and boorish man.
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IN MEMORY OF…ROBERT J. YOUNG, _PHONE_
LIBRARY OBJECT(S) OF THE WEEK
To commemorate the recent passing of Robert J. Young, (a long-time supporter of the museum and research center), this week's featured items come from the physical culture collection he most generously donated to our library. Born in Enid, Oklahoma, Mr. Young served his country during the Korean War and remained a reserve officer until retiring at the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1988. Mr. Young earned a Master's degree in biology from the University of Oklahoma and worked for thirty-two years for the U.S. government, joining the Environmental Protection Agency when that branch was created in 1971. After retiring from public service, Mr. Young moved first to Virginia Beach, Virginia and then down to Deland, Florida.
Robert J. Young was a life-long advocate of healthy living through sunbathing, attention to physical fitness and exercise, proper diet and nutrition, and abstinence from smoking. He was also a great admirer and collector of the publications of Bernarr Macfadden, a pioneer of the American physical culture movement, a body-builder, and a self-made millionaire. Macfadden used his publishing empire to distribute popular magazines and books that championed his crusade against Victorian prudery, exposed early twentieth-century medical establishment quackery, and advocated better living through physical fitness. Mr. Young's desire to see his physical culture collection preserved and made accessible to scholars and the general public inspired him to donate these materials to our rare books and special collections library. Mr. Young's lively spirit and generosity will be deeply missed.


error.
$AGI->say_alpha($string, $digits) Executes AGI Command SAY ALPHA $string $digits
Say a given character string, returning early if any of the given DTMF $digits are received on the channel.
Returns Example: $AGI->say_alpha('Joe Smith', '#');
Returns: 0 if playback completes without a digit being pressed;
the ASCII numerical value of the digit if one was pressed;
-1 on error/hangup.
$AGI->say_date($time [, $digits])
$AGI->say_time($time [, $digits])
$AGI->say_datetime($time [, $digits [, $format [, $timezone]]]) Executes AGI Command SAY DATE $number $digits Executes AGI Command SAY TIME $number $digits Executes AGI Command SAY DATETIME $number $digits $format $timezone
Say a given date or time, returning early if any of the optional DTMF $digits are received on the channel. $time is number of seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 on January 1, 1970, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), commonly known as unixtime.
For say_datetime, $format is the format the time should be said in; see voicemail.conf (defaults to ABdY 'digits/at' IMp). Acceptable values for $timezone can be found in /usr/share/zoneinfo. Defaults to machine default.
Example: $AGI->say_date('100000000');
$AGI->say_time('100000000', '#');
$AGI->say_datetime('100000000', '#', 'ABdY IMp', 'EDT');
Returns: -1 on error or hangup;
0 if playback completes without a digit being pressed;
the ASCII numerical value of the digit of one was pressed.
$AGI->say_digits($number, $digits) Executes AGI Command SAY DIGITS $number $digits
Says the given digit string $number, returning early if any of the $digits are received.
Example: $AGI->say_digits('_PHONE_');
Returns: -1 on error or hangup, 0 if playback completes without a digit being pressed, or the ASCII numerical value of the digit of one was pressed.
$AGI->say_number($number, $digits, $gender) Executes AGI Command SAY NUMBER $number $digits [$gender]
Says the given $number, returning early if any of the $digits are received.
Example: $AGI->say_number('98765');
Returns: -1 on error or hangup, 0 if playback completes without a digit being pressed, or the ASCII numerical value of the digit of one was pressed.
$AGI->say_phonetic($string, $digits) Executes AGI Command SAY PHONETIC $string $digits
Say a given character string with phonetics, returning early if any of the given DTMF digits are received on the channel.
Example: $AGI->say_phonetic('Joe Smith', '#');
Returns: 0 if playback completes without a digit being pressed;
the ASCII numerical value of the digit if one was pressed;
-1 on error/hangup.
$AGI->send_image($image) Executes AGI Command "SEND IMAGE $image
Sends the given image on a channel. Most channels do not support the transmission of images.
Example: $AGI->send_image('image.png');
Returns: -1 on error or hangup, 0 if the image was sent or if the channel does not support image transmission.
$AGI->send_text($text) Executes AGI Command SEND TEXT $text"
Sends the given text on a channel. Most channels do not support the transmission of text.
Example: $AGI->send_text('You've got mail!');
Returns: -1 on error or hangup, 0 if the text was sent or if the channel does not support text transmission.
$AGI->set_autohangup($time) Executes AGI Command SET AUTOHANGUP $time
Cause the channel to automatically hangup at <time> seconds in the future. Of course it can be hungup before then as well. Setting to 0 will cause the autohangup feature to be disabled on this channel.
Example: $AGI->set_autohangup(60);
Returns: Always returns 1
$AGI->set_callerid($number) Executes AGI Command SET CALLERID $number
Changes the callerid of the current channel to <number>
Example: $AGI->set_callerid('_PHONE_');
Returns: Always returns 1
$AGI->set_context($context) Executes AGI Command SET CONTEXT $context
Changes the context for continuation upon exiting the agi application
Example: $AGI->set_context('dialout');
Returns: Always returns 0
$AGI->set_extension($extension) Executes AGI Command SET EXTENSION $extension
Changes the extension for continuation upon exiting the agi application
Example: $AGI->set_extension('7');
Returns: Always returns 0
$AGI->set_music($mode [, $class]) Executes AGI Command SET MUSIC $mode $class
Enables/Disables the music on hold generator. If $class is not specified, then the default music on hold class will be used. $mode must be on or off.
Example: $AGI->set_music(on, happy);
$AGI->set_music(off);
Returns: -1 on hangup or error, 0 otherwise.
$AGI->set_priority($priority) Executes AGI Command SET PRIORITY $priority
Changes the priority for continuation upon exiting the agi application
Example: $AGI->set_priority(1);
Returns: Always returns 0
$AGI->set_variable($variable, $value) Executes AGI Command SET VARIABLE $variable $value
Sets the channel variable <variablename> to <value>
Example: $AGI->set_variable('status', 'authorized');
Returns: Always returns 1
$AGI->stream_file($filename, $digits, $offset) Executes AGI Command STREAM FILE $filename $digits [$offset]
This command instructs Asterisk to play the given sound file and listen for the given dtmf digits. The fileextension must not be used in the filename because Asterisk will find the most appropriate file type. $filename can be an array of files or a single filename.
Example: $AGI->stream_file('demo-echotest', '0123');
 $AGI->stream_file(['demo-echotest', 'demo-welcome'], '0123');
Returns: -1 on error or hangup, 0 if playback completes without a digit being pressed, or the ASCII numerical value of the digit if a digit was pressed
$AGI->tdd_mode($mode) Executes AGI Command TDD MODE <on|off>
Enable/Disable TDD transmission/reception on a channel.
Example: $AGI->tdd_mode('on');
Returns: Returns 1 if successful, or 0 if channel is not TDD-capable.
$AGI->verbose($message, $level) Executes AGI Command VERBOSE $message $level
Logs $message with verboselevel $level
Example: $AGI->verbose(System Crashed, 1);
Returns: Always returns 1
$AGI->wait_for_digit($timeout) Executes AGI Command WAIT FOR DIGIT $timeout
Waits up to 'timeout' milliseconds for channel to receive a DTMF digit.
Use -1 for the timeout value if you desire the call to block indefinitely.
Example: $AGI->wait_for_digit($timeout);
Returns: Returns -1 on channel failure, 0 if no digit is received in the timeout, or
the numerical value of the ascii of the digit if one is received.
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Why Plants Panic When It Rains?
Plant rain panic cover
Our Earth is filled with uncountable species of flora and fauna. While it is fairly easy to recognize animals, plants on the other hand really require a sharp eye to be identified and even more so to understand their properties and how they behave as they cannot exhibit physical actions like animals. Study and analysis of plants have been occurring for thousands of years, however, it was only recently that we became aware of the panic that plants display during the rains. Yes, you read that right, plants panic when it rains. But why? and how do we know that?
Panic in plants during rain
This statement sound even more confusing when we consider that like all living things, plants require water to exist, so naturally, they shouldn't fear the rain, if anything they should be rejoiced by it. But according to the team of international scientists at The University of Western Australia's School of Molecular Sciences plants reaction to rain is similar to one of the panic.
Bacteria rainwater
Bacteria culture in a sample of rainwater.
That is because just like how some things that can sustain life can kill, plants have a similar understanding of the rain. When it rains, a protein known as Myc2 is said to trigger a chemical chain reaction within the plant that enables the defenses of the plant resulting in delayed flowering or overall slowing the growth of the plant. This protein was discovered recently. Still, why do they panic? According to researchers, there are two reasons.
 - Disease potential: As it cannot be determined from where the water was condensed that resulted in the rain, it can carry deadly viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites. This can be extremely dangerous to plants, as unlike animals they do not have the ability to seek shelter or move away, and forget about removing these pathogens from themselves. Additionally, when the raindrop falls on the ground it splashes and can spread diseases up to 10 meters in the surroundings and this can infect the newer plants as they are most vulnerable to it. This also explained why many plant diseases spread after heavy rainstorms, as even if the water is clean if the raindrop falls on a contaminated leaf, it can still spread the pathogens to nearby plants. This information is truly amazing, as, by understanding which plants compliments the growth of others and fights off certain pathogens, two species can be planted together for the maximum yielding this can help farmers tremendously.
Disease in plants
A diseased leaf.
 - Warning Signal: It is not a surprise that even plants send signals when a possible threat is present in the area, say an elephant uprooting a small tree, it will send a signal that will allow other plants to defend themselves. Similarly, when it rains plants release the jasmonic acid hormone, which is synthesized by the plants specifically to initiate a chain reaction in the neighboring vegetation. This hormone is also released whenever there is an insect attack. By doing so plants, especially the smaller ones ensure the area is healthier overall, because if their surroundings are healthier and aware of the danger they can defend themselves from the pathogens much better.
Jasmonic acid hormone
The molecular structure of the jasmonic acid hormone.
There might be other factors as well that result in such behavior from flora all over the world, it is just that we have not discovered them yet. This also goes on to show that our understanding of the world is severely limited, not in thousands of years we even had an idea that even these living beings could interact with one another and even exhibit emotions (different from us). Even though it is claimed that plants show "panic" when it rains, perhaps it is a wrong way of looking at the findings. It is obvious that this reaction happens, however, it is uncertain if plants recognize the difference between natural and artificial rain. Additionally, no research has been conducted in regards to if defenses are lowered in plants as we water them or they activate their defenses when we dig the soil near them.
Ultimately, this discovery has been really influential and it can give rise to many new practices in plantations. It will also allow farmers and gardens to develop their unique ways to yield more crops, fruits, and flowers in addition to developing a greater understanding of the plants.
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