>

Let's break this down:
 - In Thymeleaf, utext is a utility function used to insert unescaped text into your HTML templates. This means that the text you insert will not be HTML-escaped, allowing you to include HTML content directly.
 - #{announcement.title} is a special syntax that instructs CAS and thymeleaf to load the text attached to the language key announcement.title from a language bundle. This text can include HTML and will then be rendered using the utext directive.
This means all we have to do is to define our language bundle and define two keys announcement.title and announcement.body in there with our title and message of the day.
Language Bundles
A language bundle (or resource bundle) is a way to manage internationalization (i18n) and localization (l10n) of CAS. It allows you to provide multiple language translations for the CAS user interface texts, messages, and labels, making it adaptable to different locales. A language bundle is typically a set of .properties files where each file contains key-value pairs. Each key represents a specific piece of text and the value is the translated text for a specific language.
By default, CAS looks at the following language bundles to find the text attached to a key:
 - /etc/cas/config/custom_messages.properties
 - classpath:custom_messages.properties
 - classpath:messages.properties
The system will look at each file one by one to find a given language key, i.e. announcement.title. Let's define our two keys inside /etc/cas/config/custom_messages.properties, which has the added advantage that changes to this bundle can be done outside the CAS web application, removing the need for repackaging and rebuilding of the CAS server:
announcement.title=Hey there!
announcement.body=Do you know why skeletons don't fight each other? They don't have the guts!
Updating Messages
Language bundles in CAS are cached for performance reasons. Once the system has loaded a bundle, it will usually hold onto and cache its contents for about 3 minutes before reloading it. If you want to see instantaneous changes to your language bundle and don't wish to wait too long, you can adjust the following property in your CAS settings:
cas.message-bundle.cache-seconds=3
The above change will allow CAS to reload the language bundle after 3 seconds, thus allowing you to change the bundle and update messages to see the change shortly after without having to restart or rebuild the server.
Dynamic Messages
The strategy so far works for very basic and modest of use cases. Let's make life more interesting by outsourcing the message to an external REST API. Essentially, we would want CAS to reach out to an external API, fetch a message, and pass that onto the login screen for rendering. To handle this, we can use the webflow decorators in CAS.
A webflow decorator in CAS is an easier option that allows you to decorate the webflow dynamically, and it takes care of the internal webflow configuration. Such decorators specifically get called upon as CAS begins to render the login view while reserving the right to decorate additional parts of the webflow in the future.
For our purposes, let's use a Groovy script to decorate the webflow:
cas.webflow.login-decorator.groovy.location=file:/path/to/MyDecorator.groovy
The script itself would have the following structure:
import java.net.*
def run(Object... args) {
 def (requestContext, logger) = args
 // Reach out to an external API...
 def url = new URL('_URL_')
 def connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection()
 connection.setRequestMethod('GET')
 connection.setRequestProperty('Accept', 'text/plain')
 def body = connection.inputStream.text
 // Pass the body to the webflow context...
 requestContext.flowScope.put('announcementBody', body)
}
All that remains is to modify our fragment from earlier and let it use the new announcementBody flow variable:

Note that,
 - The announcement title is still being pulled in via the language bundle using #{announcement.title}.
 - The main difference here is ${announcementBody}, which allows the CAS webflow to render the text attached to the referenced variable.
Need Help?
If you have questions about the contents and the topic of this blog post, or if you need additional guidance and support, feel free to send us a note and ask about consulting and support services.
So…
I hope this review was of some help to you and I am sure that both this post as well as the functionality it attempts to explain can be improved in any number of ways. Please feel free to engage and contribute as best as you can.
Happy Coding,
Misagh Moayyed
]]>
Misagh Moayyed


Skip to content
Permalink
master
Switch branches/tags
Go to file

Cannot retrieve contributors at this time
173 lines (127 sloc) 5.98 KB
grawlix: Filters
Contents
Filter Objects
Filter objects can be used to either create new grawlix filters or configure existing ones. They can have the following properties:
word
Type: String
Lowercase 'canonical' version of the word the filter is targeting. This property is required.
pattern
Type: RegExp
Regular expression targeting the given word. This property is required for new filters.
priority
Type: Number
Default: 0
Optional. This property determines the order in which filters are run on a given string. The lower the value, the sooner the filter is run. (Setting this number to a negative value, for instance, will make the filter run before all the default filters.) This can be used to set up cascading 'families' of filters for detecting specific scenarios that a single regular expression can't cover. To see how the default filters go about doing this, see filters.js.
minPriority
Type: Number
Optional. This property will set the filter's priority to the given value if and only if the current priority is less than the given value. This may be useful as a way of avoiding overriding other settings when configuring filters from within plugins.
expandable
Type: Boolean
Default: false
Optional. This flag should be set to true in filters where the regular expression might match more or less characters than a word's 'canonical' length. Imagine, for instance, a situation where we don't merely want to target the string badword, but all variant spellings or attempts to obfuscate the word, e.g. baaaadword, badwordd, b a d w o r d, etc. Setting this flag informs the library that it needs to check the length of the matched word when preparing a replacement grawlix for this filter. If this isn't necessary, however, the property should be left false.
template
Type: String
Default: null
Optional. For more information on this property and how to use it, see Filter Templates below.
style
Type: String
Default: null
(New in v1.0.5) Sets a specific style for a filter, overriding whatever the main style is when replacing the filter's word. This allows one to replace specific words with entirely different styles of grawlixes. For example:
var grawlix = require('grawlix');
grawlix.setDefaults({
 style: 'asterix',
 filters: [
 {
 word: 'foo',
 pattern: /foo/i
 },
 {
 word: 'bar',
 pattern: /bar/i,
 style: 'redacted'
 }
 ]
});
grawlix('I hate that fooing bar.');
// returns: 'I hate that ***ing ███.'
Adding New Filters
grawlix.setDefaults({
 filters: [
 {
 word: 'fsck',
 pattern: /fsck/i,
 priority: 0,
 expandable: false,
 template: null
 }
 ]
});
Note that filters can also be passed in via the options object when calling the grawlix function, like so:
var censored = grawlix(text, {
 filters: [
 {
 word: 'fsck',
 pattern: /fsck/i
 // ... other properties, etc.
 }
 ]
});
However, setting filters via setDefaults will likely deliver better performance.
Configuring Filters
The filters option can also be used to reconfigure the existing default filters if necessary. To do this, one merely has to leave out the pattern property. The library will then interpret the object as configuration settings for an existing filter.
For example -- the following code will update the priority property of the default bastard filter:
grawlix.setDefaults({
 filters: [
 {
 word: 'bastard',
 priority: 1
 }
 ]
});
Messing with the internals of the library in this manner will most likely be unnecessary for most developers. Still, the option is there.
Filter Templates
On occasion, it may prove impossible to extract a target word without the regular expression picking up one or more characters two from the surrounding text. Filter templates exist to prevent this extra baggage from being replaced by the grawlix. It works like this:
 - Within your regular expression, surround the part that's capturing extra characters with parentheses.
 - Choose or provide a string to act as the filter's template.
Filter template strings are standard Underscore.js templates that accept only one parameter -- a String called word. For examples of template strings, see the FilterTemplate enumeration in filters.js. These strings are available to code outside of the package via the grawlix.FilterTemplate property. Like so:
grawlix.setDefaults({
 filters: [
 {
 word: 'fsck',
 pattern: /(\s)fsck/i, // no, there isn't any good reason to grab whitespace here.
 // chill. it's just an example.
 template: grawlix.FilterTemplate.PRE
 }
 ]
});
Enumeration: grawlix.FilterTemplate
Properties:
 - PRE: template string where first substring match goes before/in front of the word being replaced. Raw string value: '$1<%= word %>'.
 - POST: template string where first substring match goes before/after the word being replaced. Raw string value: '<%= word %>$1'.
 - BETWEEN: template string where word goes between the first and second substring matches. Raw string value: '$1<%= word %>$2'.
Last updated April 18, 2017.


text:
Drafting tape is coated with a weak adhesive and is mainly used to fix paper to drafting boards and to hold lettering, etc. while designing and doing layouts. It is also used to hold photographs and stencil templates in place on mounts and painting areas to check their positions. It can also be used like masking tape in airbrush and flat wash work (to protect areas that are not to be painted and to produce different colors side by side). The adhesive on cellotape is too strong for holding purposes and will damage the paper when it is removed so it is better to use drafting tape with its weaker adhesive coating. When fixing paper to a drafting board, a T-square is used to check the level of the paper and the drafting tape is used to fix the paper to the four corners.
Drafting tape uses a crepe paper backing with a wrinkled surface. Because it is made from paper, it is easily torn off by hand and the wrinkled surface can also be used to some extent to adhere to curved shapes. When peeled off, there is no damage to the surface of the paper. Drafting paper comes in widths of 6mm, 15mm, 24mm and 30mm, etc. for a variety of applications. It can be purchased at art supply stores.
- Fixing paper to a drafting board while designing and doing layouts

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: Nutrient resorption is one of the most important nutrient use strategies developed by plants. The ratio of leaf area to dry mass (SLA) is related to leaf nutrients. In this study, the changes in SLA, N, P concentrations, N/P ratio and C content of sun and shade leaves of the evergreen liana Hedera helix L. were investigated over the year in an altitudinal gradient. Foliar resorption efficiency (RE) and proficiency (RP) were also calculated in sun and shade leaves. Leaf traits significantly changed among studied localities and over the year. There were statistically significant differences between sun and shade leaves regarding SLA, N concentration and C content, but these were dependent on the differences of altitude. However, no significant differences were found for P concentrations between sun and shade leaves. SLA increased in sun and shade leaves at the end of the spnng and decreased after the fall. Leaf C content generally increased in January. Leaf N concentration in sun and shade leaves was usually lowest in early summer and increased in October. The highest leaf P content was found between December and January in all localities. N/P significantly differed between localities. Locality x time interaction was also significant except leaf P concentrations and N/P. Positive correlations were seen between leaf and soil traits such as SLA, leaf N, P and C, soil moisture, N, P and C. PRE (Phosphorus resorption efficiency) and NRP (Nitrogen resorption proficiency) were significantly different among the localities, but not among sun and shade leaves. However, NRE (Nitrogen resorption efficiency) and PRP (Phosphorus resorption proficiency) were not significantly different. Sun and shade leaves of H. helix showed incomplete resorption, because, in all localities, NRP and PRP values were above the benchmark levels.


text:
We prove the following results. (1) If M(P) is the space of maps of the pseudo-arc into itself with the sup metric, then the subset H(P) of maps of the pseudo-arc into itself which are homeomorphisms onto their images is a dense Gs in M(P). (2) Every homeomorphism of the pseudo-arc onto itself is a product of e-homeomorphisms. (3) There exists a nonidentity homeomorphism of the pseudo-arc with an infinite sequence of pth roots. (4) Every map between chainable continua can be lifted to a homeomorphism of pseudo-arcs.
- Chainable continuum
- Space of homeomorphisms

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Definitions for water mill
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
a mill with machinery driven by water.
Origin of water mill:
a mill powered by a water wheel
a mill whose machinery is moved by water; -- distinguished from a windmill, and a steam mill

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Carpenter Pens Op-ed Underscoring NAFTA's Benefits, Detailing Modernization PrioritiesThursday, January 25, 2018
(North American Meat Institute)
An op-ed by Meat Institute President and CEO Barry Carpenter details the benefits of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) for the U.S. meat industry and underscores the principal regulatory reforms the industry supports in a renegotiated agreement. In the op-ed, published in Agri-Pulse, Carpenter affirms the industry's calls for a "do no harm" approach to agricultural trade in a modernized NAFTA and urges the Administration to "preserve the core tenets of the agreement that yielded highly integrated supply chains in the meat and livestock industries and exponentially expanded meat trade within the North American Market in the past two decades." In particular, Carpenter asserts protecting and building upon zero-tariff market access for U.S. meat products in Canada and Mexico better positions the industry to "withstand stiff global competition from increasingly strong competitors like the European Union and Australia."
Carpenter also emphasizes the importance of removing remaining technical and non-tariff barriers that undermine U.S. exports through the adoption of an updated sanitary and phytosanitary chapter that is rooted in sound science. Moreover, Carpenter contends the negotiations present an opportunity to promote regulatory cooperation and convergence of mutually recognized standards, including the establishment of a common window for an E-document transmission and communication system in the NAFTA region to facilitate review and clearance of cross border meat shipments, among other reforms.share on facebook share on twitter


World Library
Flag as Inappropriate
Email this Article
Roundhead (Wyandot)
Roundhead (Wyandot)
Born c. 1760
Near the Sandusky River in New France (present-day Ohio)
Died October 5, 1813 (age 52–53)
Near Moravian in present day Chatham-Kent, Ontario
Nationality Wyandot
Other names Bark Carrier, Stayeghtha, Stiahta
Known for War of 1812
Relatives Jean-Baptiste, Leatherlips, Tharoutorea, Warrow
Roundhead (c. 1760 – October 5, 1813), also known as Bark Carrier, Round Head, Stayeghtha, and Stiahta, was a Native American chief of the Wyandot tribe. He was a strong member of Tecumseh's Confederacy against the United States during the War of 1812 and died alongside Tecumseh at the Battle of the Thames.
Early life
Roundhead was born around 1760 near the Sandusky River in New France (the present-day state of Ohio). However, some sources indicate that he was born later in 1763.[1] He rose to become chief of the Wyandots in the Sandusky area but later moved to Brownstown and joined Tecumseh's anti-American cause. Very little is known about his life before 1810, but this was during a time when various Wyandot clans feuded over their relations with the United States. Prior to 1810, Roundhead was briefly a war chief under Tarhe, who was an ally of the Americans. Roundhead resigned that position and joined with Tecumseh against the Americans during the height of Tecumseh's War.[2] In 1810, Roundhead was chiefly responsible for the execution of his brother and fellow Wyandot chief Leatherlips.[2][3] He was condemned to death by other natives for his desire to cooperate with white settlers.[3][4][5] Not only was Leathlerlips opposed to Tecumseh's Confederacy against the United States, but he had also sold native land to William Henry Harrison.[6] However, it is widely believed that Leatherlips was executed for exaggerated charges of witchcraft to draw attention away from the true political motives.[2] While it is unknown if Roundhead took direct part in the execution of Leatherlips, he did head the council that called for his death, and Roundhead dispatched fellow natives to capture him and carry out the execution.[5]
War of 1812
During the War of 1812, Roundhead was second-in-command only to Tecumseh among Colonel Henry Procter's British forces. He participated in the Battle of Brownstown on August 5, 1812 and the Battle of Maguaga on August 9. After this battle, Tecumseh presented Roundhead with a sash given to him by General Isaac Brock, as Tecumseh claimed it should belong to an older and more skilled warrior.[1][7] Roundhead did not wear the honorable sash, as he did not want to cause jealously among the other war chiefs. A few days later, he helped in the capture of Fort Detroit during the Siege of Detroit on August 15.[8] He then joined up with Major Adam Muir for the British occupation of Fort Miami along the Maumee River in September 1812.[9] He later fought in the Siege of Fort Meigs from April 28–May 9, 1813. Roundhead's brother, Jean-Baptiste, died during this failed siege.[7]
Roundhead's most notable accomplishment during the War of 1812 took place when he fought in the Second Battle of the River Raisin on January 22, 1813. Tecumseh, who did not participate in the battle, gave command of the native forces to Roundhead and fellow Wyandot chief Walk-in-the-Water. They commanded approximately 800 Native Americans along with Henry Procter's 597 British troops against a force of 1,000 Americans. The battle was a tremendous defeat for the Americans, as they were caught off guard in the early hours of the morning. Shortly into the battle, Roundhead was responsible for the capture of ill-prepared American general James Winchester. Having been captured, he was unable to command his troops, and they suffered heavy losses. In addition to that, Roundhead presented Winchester to Procter, and Procter forced Winchester to surrender his army after only a few hours of fighting.[10][11] Following the battle, Roundhead aided in the quick retreat of Procter's troops back into Upper Canada, where Roundhead and Tecumseh met American opposition at the Battle of the Thames.[12]
Both Tecumseh and Roundhead were killed during the Battle of the Thames on October 5, 1813.[3] On Roundhead's death, General Procter wrote in a letter dated October 23, 1813, "The Indian cause and ours experienced a serious loss in the death of Round Head."[9] For years, Roundhead, who was a staunch supporter of Tecumseh, feuded with other Wyandot clans who supported Tarhe's pro-American stance. Once Roundhead and Tecumseh's forces were defeated at the Battle of the Thames, the division between the Wyandot ended, and they began peaceful negotiations with the Americans.[13] To honor Roundhead, the site of his original Wyandot village is now known as the unincorporated community of Roundhead, which was designated in 1832. It is located within Roundhead Township in Hardin County, Ohio.[14]


text:
There are many kinds of material to cast crusher blow bars. Different working situations need different material blow bars. Based on rich experience, MGS Casting helps you to analysis the different materials for crusher blow bars.
This is mainly manganese steel. This alloy is used in primary crushers or crushers that have tramp iron in the feed. Manganese steels will be used whenever very high shock resistance or some elongation is needed. The blow bar life is not easily predictable and depends on many factors. Manganese crusher blow bars are commonly used primary crusher applications and provide high shock resistance and are available in both Mn14% and Mn18% material grades. They are well suited to applications where tramp iron is possible in the feed material. Manganese bars are often used as a 'safe' choice, however, other materials available can offer significant life costs benefits. For identification purposes, manganese steel blow bars are painted black or red and marked with the respective material grade. Also, ask about our special high-performance material that is proven to outperform other grades of manganese blow bars.
Martensitic steel will be used whenever hardness and impact resistance are both needed, i.e. in all the applications where usage of white (chromium) irons can lead to breakage. Generally, martensitic steel has a higher lifetime than Mn steels in more abrasive applications when the feed size is below 900mm. It is used in primary and recycling applications. Martensitic steel blow bars are commonly used where the application requires the impact resistance manganese provides and the hardness and wear resistance of chrome irons. Commonly used in both quarrying and recycling, martensitic would normally be expected to outperform manganese steel in abrasive applications.
White irons are used when the shock level is rather low and the castings rather thick. Feed to the crusher must be well prepared as far as top size and must be free of tramp iron. Because of the brittle nature of this alloy, tramp iron will cause catastrophic failure of the blow bars. This material is used in secondary, tertiary and asphalt recycle applications where there is no tramp iron. Cast white chromium iron is widely used in 'classic' horizontal impact crushers and is available in medium 20% and high 26% chromium content materials. White irons can provide high performance in the right application providing NO tramp iron is present in the feed material. The brittle nature of chrome irons means significant damage can occur if tramp iron or large oversize material is fed into the crusher.
This is a composition blow bar consisting of hard ceramic particles on the wear surface in a chromium iron matrix. This composite has the effect of combining the very hard surface of ceramic with the useful mechanical properties of chromium iron. These (chromium/ceramic) blow bars can have two to four times the life of standard mono-alloy blow bars. Chrome Iron with ceramic is a premium composite metallic matrix iron with hard ceramic alloy inserts on the wear surface. The hard alloy ceramics combined with either medium chrome or high chrome iron matrix provides a significant working life advantage over standard chrome iron bars. Whilst this material can be very successful in secondary applications, it should not be used for primary crushing or very hard and abrasive applications.
Martensitic Alloy Steel + Ceramic
Martensitic alloy steel with ceramic is a premium composite metallic matrix steel with hard ceramic alloy inserts on the wear surface. The hard alloy ceramics combined with either martensitic steel matrix provides a significant working life advantage over standard martensitic steel bars. This material is commonly used in recycling industries and primary crushing in quarries. Certain applications are unsuitable for this material, including limestone crushing and slag recycling. This blow bar consisting of hard ceramic particles on the wear surface in a new martensitic steel matrix. Ceramic inlay is deeper and wider than standard Xwin and will provide higher lifetime. These are high-performance blow bars for recycling applications.
Chromium Steel + Titanium Carbide Bars
MGS Casting has succeeded to develop a new material for crusher blow bars users. Titanium carbide bars insert the working face of blow bars to expand the blow bars span life. Compare with normal chromium steel or martensitic steel, its span life can more than 3-5 times. However, the price for TIC insert blow bars just a little expensive than others, so it is the most competitive material for crusher blow bars.


text:
The Harris-Galveston Subsidence District (HGSD) held a virtual public hearing to present the 2020 Annual Groundwater Report on Thursday, April 29, 2021.
The 2020 Annual Groundwater Report includes recent subsidence, aquifer water level and groundwater use data. The report shows the comparison of the recent data to previous years, providing context on the impact changes in water use and water sources can have on the occurrence and magnitude of subsidence, providing key insights on preventing infrastructure damage and potential flooding impacts caused by subsidence.
The report and finalized presentation will be released May 13, 2021, once the HGSD's Board of Directors accepts and approves the findings.
You can register to watch a recording of the hearing by clicking here.


The editor allows a user to choose components from a list of predefined and highly customizable HTML and AMP elements. The left side of the editor contains a list of all the element types that can be added in an email. Click on an element type to browse through a list of all available elements. Click on the element you want in your email to insert it to the workspace.
Once you have inserted the element you need, you can modify its properties such as content, colours, size, margin size in the right-side panel. Select the element to access the panel.
Adding actionable forms
Forms are part of the AMP element type. You can select forms from the left side panel of the editor. You can change the design, question components and their type from the right-side panel. You can also add multiple pages to these forms and customise the Success and failure outcome pages of the forms.
You can always 'Preview' your design using the button on the top-right. Once your design is finalised you are ready to send out the email campaign. If you plan to send the campaign later you can save the draft using the button on the top-right corner.
Did this answer your question?


text:
Old Arabic texts describe 'filthy' VikingsBreaking News
tags: Vikings, Arab world, Norsemen, ancient texts
"They are the filthiest of all Allah's creatures: they do not purify themselves after excreting or urinating or wash themselves when in a state of ritual impurity after coitus and do not even wash their hands after food."
The Arab writer Ahmad ibn Fadlan noted the above after meeting Viking travellers around a thousand years ago.
The Icelandic historian Thorir Jonsson Hraundal has studied comments about what we call Vikings in original texts by Arab historians and geographers. The texts described Arab encounters with Scandinavians in areas around the Caspian Sea and the Volga River.
Their depictions differ radically from images of fearsome Viking conquerors handed down from the British Isles and France in the same era....
comments powered by Disqus
- Pakistani Historian Mobarak Haidar says Muslims "have no religious basis to rule Jerusalem"
- AHA Announces Last-Minute Sessions Timed to News Events
- In Australia, historians and artists have turned to cartography to record the widespread killing of Indigenous people
- Columbia's William Connell tells NPR why Italian-Americans embraced Columbus
- Scholar risked everything to tell Islamic State's secrets


text:
Science Museum unwraps a "sweet" exhibition
A "tasty" exhibition to reveal the biology, chemistry, physiology and psychology of the world of candy was unwrapped at the Hong Kong Science Museum today (June 26) and will run until October 28.
"Candy Unwrapped", featuring 17 groups of interactive exhibits, will satisfy the mind of visitors even as it tickles their taste buds through looking at, smelling and tasting the exhibits.
Speaking at the opening ceremony of the exhibition today, the Assistant Director (Heritage and Museums) of Leisure and Cultural Services, Dr Louis Ng, said the Hong Kong Science Museum organised this exhibition to give children an educational and entertaining experience for the summer holidays.
"Candy is not only for kids. Chocolate is also a favourite of ladies. With stories about romantic memories and magical powers of chocolate, visitors will learn about the rich history and culture of candy and other yummy treats from around the world. We believe the exhibition will enable all family members, young and old, to discover the fun and the science and psychology behind the candy," Dr Ng said.
Produced by the Ontario Science Centre in collaboration with Ybrick Design 3D Inc, "Candy Unwrapped" invites visitors to bring their taste buds for some sensational sugary science. Visitors can examine the structure and many uses of sugar, which is more than just a sweet treat and has qualities that are useful in many things. They can see how sugar has been used to preserve food, bind concrete and even heal wounds. They are also invited to walk across the face of an enlarged sugar crystal to learn about the various phases of crystallisation, the beauty of nature's final design, and what sugar crystals have in common with stacks of oranges in a supermarket.
Visitors can explore how taste and other senses, such as sight and smell, are used by the human body to determine what tastes good. Using their taste buds, they can learn the biological point of puckering by experiencing the super sour challenge, and discover the difference between taste and flavour through participating in a jelly bean test.
The rich history and cultural diversity of candy and other treats from around the world are featured in the exhibition. Visitors can discover the fascinating stories behind treats from a dozen countries, from Chinese ginger candies to Nigerian puff-puffs. Some unusual past and present candies are also on display, and visitors will learn through the exhibits why some of them are still popular in modern times.
The exhibition will detail the history of chocolate, including different forms of chocolate that have emerged over thousands of years and how chocolate bars are made. Visitors can also experience how candies bring back romantic memories, and find out whether chocolate is always associated with romance, or is it simply a psychological effect? Visitors can discover more by entering into a boudoir to learn about the cultural legacy and intriguing chemical properties of chocolate.
Visitors can jump on the energy burn bike and pedal for one minute to find out the calories of a sugar cube and how many calories they can burn off in 60 seconds. They will learn about the way their body creates and uses energy and which types of food energy work best for them. Kids can design and draw their own candy wrapper or jump on the cushy giant tongue and learn about the sensory complexity of the human tongue.
Admission to "Candy Unwrapped" is $35 with half-price concession for full-time students, people with disabilities and senior citizens aged 60 or above. "Free Admission on Wednesdays" and the Museum Weekly Pass will not apply to this exhibition.
The Science Museum is located at 2 Science Museum Road, Tsim Sha Tsui East, Kowloon. It is open from 1pm to 9pm from Monday to Friday, and from 10am to 9pm on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. It is closed on Thursdays (except public holidays).
For details of the exhibition and related programmes, visit the Science Museum's website (hk.science.museum). For enquiries, please call 2732 3232.
Ends/Friday, June 26, 2009
Climbing up an enlarged sugar crystal, the "Crystal Mountain", visitors can learn about the various phases of crystallisation and the beauty of nature's final design.
The exhibit, "Delectable Delights", allows visitors to learn about treats from around the world and how some of these treats taste surprisingly like some of our familiar foods.
Jumping on the "Taste Bud Tango", a cushy giant tongue, visitors can learn about the sensory complexity of the human tongue.
"A Bar is Born" details the history of chocolate, including different forms of chocolate that have emerged over thousands of years and how chocolate bars are made.
Chocolate has long been considered an aphrodisiac. Is this a scientific fact or sexy myth? Visitors can discover more by entering into "Romancing the Bean" to learn about the cultural legacy and intriguing chemical properties of chocolate.


text:
Time-domain simulation of large amplitude ship roll motions by a chimera RANS method
Additional Document Info
A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) numerical method has been employed in conjunction with a chimera domain decomposition approach for time-domain simulation of large amplitude ship roll motions. For the simulation of arbitrary roll motions, it is convenient to construct body-fitted numerical grids for the ship and ambient flow domain separately. The ship grid block is allowed to roll with respect to its center of rotation under either forced or free roll conditions. The roll moments are computed every time step by a direct integration of the hull surface pressure and shear stresses obtained from the chimera RANS method. The simulations for prescribed roll motions of a full-scale motor vessel clearly show that the bilge keels at the mid-ship produced large roll damping but generated very little waves. On the other hand, the ship skag acts like a wavemaker during the roll motion and produced large wakes in the stern region. Time-domain simulations were also performed for a free- floating pontoon barg e in free decay motions and under large amplitude incident waves. The simulation results successfully predicted the roll resonance when the incident wave coincides with the free decay period of the barge.


floki from vikings facts or fiction
Floki from Vikings: Fact or Fiction
Floki, the best friend of Ragnar Lothbrok, is undeniably one of the most popular characters on Vikings. But is the character of Floki based on a real historical figure or just developed for the show?
While the character of Floki is named after the 9th century Viking explorer Hrafna-Floki, on-screen he actually an amalgam of several Vikings, including a number of explorers linked with the discovery of Iceland, as well as Erik the Red, who created the first settlement in Greenland.
 The historical part of Floki's story only seems to emerge in the later seasons after the death of Ragnar, but it is hard to imagine that the show creators didn't have this in mind from the beginning.
Let's take a close look at Floki and the real Viking on which his story is based.
Floki on Vikings
On Vikings Floki is played by Gustaf Skarsgard, yes, the brother of Alexander and Bill Skarsgard and another son of Stellen Skarsgard – they are Swedish acting royalty.
on vikings Floki
On the show, the main characteristics of Floki are that he is a gifted inventor and builder of ships, who creates the ships that allow Ragnar to sail to England; that he is dedicated to the old religion in the face of Christianity; and that he discovered Iceland and founded a settlement there.
Floki and Loki
Just as Ragnar is said to be descended from Odin, on the show Floki is described as a descendant of Loki, and many of the stories of the god are also used to create Floki's character and journey.
Floki and Loki
For example, when Ragnar punishes Floki for his role in the death of Athelstan, Ragnar ties him to two rocks and tortures him by letting water from the cave's roof drip on his head. His wife Helga stays in the cave with him, catching the water to save him from some of the torture.
This is based on the story of the punishment given to Loki for his role in the death of Balder, one of the sons of Odin. Odin has Loki chained between two rocks and a poisonous serpent hung over his head to drip stinging poison onto his head.
Loki's wife, the goddess Sigyn, stays by his side catching the poison in a dish. Sometimes she has to leave to empty the dish, and the poison hits Loki, giving him painful convulsions that cause earthquakes.
Floki and the Discovery of Iceland
One of Floki's key storylines on Vikings is his role in the discovery and settlement of Iceland. This makes it clear that the character on the show was named from Hrafna-Loki (Raven-Floki) Vilgerdarson, one of the first Vikings to visit Iceland.
Floki and the discovery of iceland
But the story of Floki on the show is actually an amalgam of the stories of several Vikings that discovered Iceland in the 9th century, recorded in the surviving manuscripts Landnámabók, the book of settlement, and Islendingabók, the book of Iceland.
These books actually suggest that the Vikings were not the first to discover Iceland. They record that a group of Christian aesthetic priests known as the paper from Ireland and the Hebrides may have already been living in Iceland seeking isolation. But they are thought to have intelligently departed when the Norsemen began to arrive.
Floki as Discoverer
Hrafna-Floki is not credited with discovering Iceland, but rather as being the first man to deliberately sail there.
Floki's journey to discover Iceland on Vikings is based on the stories of two earlier men, Naddod and Gadar Svavarsson.
Floki ad Discoverer
Naddod is said to have been a Viking from Norway who was also one of the earliest settlers of the Faroe Islands, an island cluster that lies pretty much in the center of the sea between Iceland, Norway, and Scotland.
On one of his journeys between Norway and the Faroe Islands, he was blown off course, and found himself on the east coast of Iceland. He explored a little but found no people there, so set off again and eventually reached his original destination. He called the land he visited Snaeland, which means land of snow.
Iceland was again reached by accident by the Danish Vikings Gardar Svavarsson, who was married to a woman from the Hebrides in Scotland. He set off to the Hebrides in order to claim his inheritance, but clearly got blown very far off course as he found himself in Iceland. He too landed on the east coast, but then circumnavigated the landmass, proving that it was an Island.
He seems to have set up a small home for himself on the north coast in a place that he called Husabik, meaning house bay, before leaving the island. He called it Gardarsholmi, naming it after himself.
Floki as Hrafna-Floki
Floki's namesake Hrafna-Floki heard about Iceland from Gardar Svavarsson and decided to set out for the island.
He went with his wife Gro, two daughters, and three other men named Herjolfr, Faxi and Thorolf.
They set off from the Shetland Islands, and began encountering issues from the outset, with one of his daughters drowning. They stopped at the Faroe Islands, where Floki's other daughter stayed to get married.
There Floki also got three ravens. It was Viking custom to take ravens on sea journeys. When they thought that they were approaching land, they would set a raven free. If there was no land nearby, the raven would return. If there was, the raven would head directly for the land, and the Viking sailors would follow the path of the raven.
Floki set the ravens off three times. The first time it returned to the Faroe Islands, suggesting that the still had a long way to go. The second time the raven returned, and the third time they followed the raven to Iceland, just like Floki does on the show.
It was for these ravens that Floki earned the name Hrafna-Floki.
The small crew landed at the bay near Reykjavik, but then headed further north to Vatnafjordur to establish themselves.
The summer and autumn were good, but they found the winter very harsh and lost all of their animals. When the spring came, Floki climbed a great peak to look out over the land. It is said that he saw nothing but ice and snow, and therefore called the island Iceland.
The party decided not to stay and returned to Norway.
Floki as Settler
When Hrafna-Floki and his crew returned to Norway, apparently Floki though that the land was inhospitable and did not recommend it to others. But his crew were more hopeful, and word of the new land spread.
Floki as Settler
The Vikings were always looking for new lands, and not just because they were adventurers. The Vikings needed more lands to cultivate in order to feed their growing population. This is a line of history that Vikings touches on when it looks at the Viking desire to set up farming settlements in England.
Many Vikings were also looking to escape taxation and increasingly centralized rule to live more freely. This is another storyline dealt with by the show as we see Harald established as the first king of all Norway.
Hearing of the new land, the chieftain Ingolfr Arnarson set up an expedition in 874 that established a more permanent Norse colony hear Reykjavik. Thanks to good land for grazing and farming, the colony was a success.
Despite his protestations, Floki later returned to Iceland with his life Gro and lived there until he died. This is a marked difference between Hrafna-Floki and the Floki on our screens, who begins on his expedition to Iceland following the loss of his beloved wife Helga.
Floki and Erik the Red
One of the main characteristics of Floki's character on Vikings is his dedication to the old gods. This actually seems to be based on a different Viking explorer, Erik the Red.
Erik the Red founded the first settlement on Greenland in the late 10th century, after being banished from Norway and Iceland in turn for killing his fellow Vikings in fights.
Floki and Erik the red
After his period of banishment was over, Erik returned from Greenland to Iceland to find others to colonize Greenland with him. He told many of the riches of his new land, which is in fact a harsh environment. So, when Floki does this on the show, his character is borrowing from Erik's story.
Floki's commitment to the old gods may also be a character trait borrowed from Erik. He was a staunch supporter of the old faith and rejected Christianity, despite both his wife and son converting to Christianity and spreading it throughout Greenland.
Floki: Fact of Fiction
While it is clear that Floki is not a faithful representation of any single Viking individual known from the historical record, but rather an amalgam of several, he nevertheless nicely represents and embodies several important themes from Viking history.
The superior technology of the Viking longboats, along with the better weapon and diets, was one of the main reasons that the Vikings were able to dominate their neighbors. The show uses Floki to tell the story of the Viking longships.
The conflict between the old religion and Christianity was an important part of the history of the day. On the show, we see the curious, such as Ragnar, those who converted to facilitate


Grant access for a User to perform object migration
How to grant access for a User to perform object migration
To create user who can perform object migration from one environment to another environment, without having write access to the Application Designer objects like record, field, Application Engine, PepleCode etc.
Solution:

Login to PIA:

Go to Home People Tools Maintain Security Use Permission Lists open the permission list the user has. Then go to People Tools tab, tick Application Designer Access. You may set different objects permissions to read only if you click the links for Definition Permissions, Tools Permissions, and Miscellaneous Permissions.
You should have "full access" to project.
You can set Build script only or more in Build / Data Admin of Tools permission. Once the user has this permission list, the user should be able to migrate the project and build the project only.

0 comments
Peoplesoft Server cache and cookies
With Peoplesoft Internet Architecture don't have local cache files on work station. All the cache files are on your Web Server and Application Server.
Web Server CACHE:
If you are using Web Logic as web server: The cache files are under Web Logic/My Server/Public_html/"PIA Instance name"/Cache.
If you are using Apache as web server: The cache files are under Apache Group/Apache/psftdocs/"PIA Instance name"/Cache.
App Server CACHE:
You also need to cache on App server domain which can even corrupt some times.
App server cache is located under your App server Box's PS_HOME/Appserv/"Domain Name"/Cache.
Workstation:
The only cache files on workstation when you use Peoplesoft Internet Architecture are Browser cache and cookies. You can delete browser cache from Internet Options->delete Temporary internet files.
Cookie, it downloads for the first time you signin for each PIA instance and every user you signed in from that work station's Browser. You can check these from Browser->tools->internet options->General Tab->settings Button->View files. You will see different files by name with cookie. The only way to delete them is manually each cookie or all the contents from this directory. Once you delete cookie, you get a new cookie created on browser when you sign back-in

0 comments
Tuxedo WSL JSL Ports
Ports allocation for Application Server Domain:
Ports required for WSL and WSHs:
The number of ports required are 1 + [Max Handlers] where [Max Handlers] is the maximum number of workstation handlers configured. The algorithm used to start a WSH is a random port available after the port for WSL. On higher releases, the system automatically sets the range, starting from [WSL_port] + 1. Any port between 1025 and 65536 (both inclusive) is valid for WSL.
Ports required for JSL and JSHs:
The number of ports required are 1 + [Max Handlers] where [Max Handlers] is the maximum number of jolt handlers configured. The algorithm used to start a jolt handler is the first port available after the port for JSL. There's no need to force the range, it's automatic. Any port between 0 and 65535 is valid for JSL.
0 comments
PeopleSoft DBA Interview Questions
 1. Application Designer
 1. Customization done in Dev DB, Which tool is used to move it to Prod DB? - Use App Designer -> Copy DB
 2. What is the difference in logging into App Designer in 2-tier and 3-tier mode?
 3. How do you compare two projects?
 4. How do you clear App Designer cache?
 5. How do you check whether you have logged into 2-tier or 3-tier?
 6. When logging in "Invalid AccessID and password for signon" pops up. What is the issue?
 2. Data Mover
 1. What are the different modes you can login into Data Mover?
 2. How do you login into BS mode? – DB Access ID
0 comments


Calendar for mobile web browsers
You can use Google Calendar on almost any smartphone without downloading an app. Just go to in your mobile web browser. But if you have an Android phone or iPhone, it's simpler to sync with an app instead.
Get started
 1. Open the web browser on your phone or tablet (the same app you use to visit other websites).
 2. Go to
 3. Sign in to your Google Account.
View your calendar
View your day or month
Touch Day or Month at the top to switch between Day and Month view. Use the left and right arrows to go to other months and days. While in Month view, touch a day to see a list of the day's events.
You can always touch Today at the top to jump back to the current date.
View events while offline
If you recently viewed an event in Google Calendar on a mobile browser, you'll still be able to see your event when you don't have access to an Internet connection. You'll only be able to view events, not add or edit them.
Data stored on your device
When you access Google Calendar on your mobile browser, data may be stored on your device for improved performance. You may be able to access and clear this information in your browser's settings. For example, you can clear data for individual websites with Chrome for Android using these directions. Visit the help center for your browser to learn how to clear website data stored on your device.
Create & edit events
Add a new event
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. In the top right corner, touch the plus icon +.
 3. Type in a title and choose the date and time.
 4. You can invite someone to your event by typing the person's email address under "Add a person to this meeting." They'll receive an invitation email.
 5. When you're done, touch Save at the top.
Note: You may not be able to add events if your web browser isn't supported. You can try downloading another popular web browser.
Edit and delete events
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. Open the event you want to edit by going to the day, then touching the event.
 3. To edit the event, touch Edit in the top right. Make changes and touch Save.
 4. To delete the event, touch Delete in the top right.
Hide or show individual calendars
If you have multiple calendars in your account, you can choose whether to hide or show each calendar. When you hide a calendar, the events on that calendar won't show up when you view your schedule.
 1. Go to in your mobile web browser.
 2. Touch Settings at the bottom.
 4. Touch Save in the top right.
The mobile browser version of Google Calendar doesn't support notifications. However, if you'd like to get notifications on your phone, you can sync with an app instead. Learn more about syncing with mobile.
If you get an "Invalid certificate" or "Could not verify domain" error, or are generally experiencing problems accessing Google Calendar, your mobile browser may not be supported. Here are a few things you can try:
 - Download a different browser on your phone.
 - Make sure cookies are turned on for your browser. Look in the settings of your mobile browser.
 - Instead of using a mobile browser, sync with a mobile app.
Related articles
page author courtney
Was this article helpful?


Gollum Jade Plant
£ 5.00
Crassula Ovata Gollum or more commonly referred to as Gollum Plant is an evergreen succulent. Its leaves often get compared to Shreks ears.
This plant likes bright light and can handle some direct sunlight.
Pot size: 8.5cm
Height: approx. 15cm
This plant can be toxic if ingested.
Out of stock
Categories:,


text:
The effects of environmental elements on the color retention and durability of 65/35 polyester/cotton blend fabric with disperse-reactive dyes and durable press and soil release finishes
AuthorEastlick, Mary Ann
MetadataShow full item record
PublisherThe University of Arizona.
RightsCopyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
AbstractThis investigation was designed to determine the effects of environmental elements on the color retention and durability of 65/35 polyester/cotton blend fabric with disperse-reactive dyes and durable press and soil release finishes. The colors of fabric used were intense shades of red, blue, and yellow. Data were collected from unlaundered and from laundered and line-dried fabric samples. Fabric samples were exposed to zero, approximately 1,349, 2,836, 5,551, and 11,627 langley units of solar radiation and to varying amounts of other environmental elements. The tear strength, weight, and color retention of the fabric were studied. As the number of langley units to which the fabric samples were exposed increased, the color retention of the fabric tendd to decrease. The combined effects of the other environmental elements appeared to be secondary to solar radiation in reducing the color retention of the fabric. There was also a decrease in the tear strength of the fabric. This appeared to be due to the combined effects of all of the environmental elements on the fabric. The tear strength, weight, and color retention were lower in the laundered fabric samples than in the unlaundered fabric samples.
Degree ProgramHome Economics


TestConfigurations_Update Operation
Applies to QAComplete 14.3, last modified on February 19, 2024
Replaces the test configuration information with that from the specified TestConfiguration object. Uninitialized properties are cleared.
First, you usually call TestConfigurations_Load to get a test configuration by ID, change some of its properties, and then pass the updated object to TestConfigurations_Update.
Requirements
The authenticating user must belong to a user group that has the Update privilege for Test Lbirary.
Parameters
The operation uses the following parameters:
AuthenticationData : AuthenticationData, required
An AuthenticationData object containing the login information and the project ID that contains the test configuration.
TestConfiguration : TestConfiguration, required
A TestConfiguration object that represents the configuration with updated properties.
SendEmailAlert : string, required
Y means send an email alert to the subscribed users after updating the test configuration.
Any other value (for example, N or empty string) means do not send email alerts.
Result
None.
Remarks
The TestConfiguration object has matching Id and Name properties, for example, FolderId and FolderName. To set them, specify the value only for the Id property. The corresponding Name property will be set automatically.
Example
Sample Code
C#
string login = "[email protected]";
string password = "p@ssword";
int projID = 10372;
// Specifying the test configuration to update
int ID = 254;
ServiceSoapClient service = new ServiceSoapClient();
// Preparing AuthenticationData
LoginInfo loginInfo = service.GetLoginInfo("", login, password);
AuthenticationData authData = new AuthenticationData();
authData.AppCode = loginInfo.AppCode;
authData.UserId = loginInfo.UserId;
authData.PassCode = password;
authData.DeptId = loginInfo.DeptId;
authData.ProjId = projID;
// Loading the test configuration
TestConfiguration testConfig = service.TestConfigurations_Load(authData, ID);
// Updating the status of the configuration
testConfig.IsActive = "N";
// Updating the test configuration
service.TestConfigurations_Update(authData, testConfig, "N");
Console.WriteLine("The test configuration was updated");
Java
String login = "[email protected]";
String password = "p@ssword";
int projID = 10372;
// Specifying the test configuration to update
int ID = 254;
ServiceSoap service = new Service().getServiceSoap12();
// Preparing AuthenticationData
LoginInfo loginInfo = service.getLoginInfo("", login, password);
AuthenticationData authData = new AuthenticationData();
authData.setAppCode(loginInfo.getAppCode());
authData.setUserId(loginInfo.getUserId());
authData.setPassCode(password);
authData.setDeptId(loginInfo.getDeptId());
authData.setProjId(projID);
// Loading the test configuration
TestConfiguration testConfig = service.testConfigurationsLoad(authData, ID);
// Updating the status of the configuration
testConfig.setIsActive("N");
// Updating the test configuration
service.testConfigurationsUpdate(authData, testConfig, "N");
System.out.format("Test configuration was updated");
Sample Request XML
POST /psws/psws.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: myteam.mysite.com
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 996 {Insert an appropriate value here}
SOAPAction: "_URL_

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="_URL_ xmlns:xsd="_URL_ xmlns:soap="_URL_
 <soap:Body>
 <TestConfigurations_Update xmlns="_URL_
 <AuthenticationData>
 <AppCode>agSP</AppCode>
 <DeptId>7154</DeptId>
 <ProjId>1032</ProjId>
 <UserId>25315</UserId>
 <PassCode>p@ssword</PassCode>
 </AuthenticationData>
 <TestConfiguration>
 <ConfigId>254</ConfigId>
 <ProjId>10372</ProjId>
 <ConfigurationName>Windows 7 (32-bit)</ConfigurationName>
 <Description>Standard Windows 7 (32-bit) system environment.</Description>
 <IsActive>N</IsActive>
 <CreateUserId>27572</CreateUserId>
 <DateCreated>2014-07-24T09:12:08.037</DateCreated>
 <OwnerUserId>27572</OwnerUserId>
 <OriginalId>0</OriginalId>
 <ImportId>0</ImportId>
 <OwnerName>Davis, Eugeny</OwnerName>
 <UserName>Doe, John</UserName>
 </TestConfiguration>
 <SendEmailAlert>N</SendEmailAlert>
 </TestConfigurations_Update>
 </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
SOAP 1.2
POST /psws/psws.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: myteam.mysite.com
Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 1004 {Insert an appropriate value here}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="_URL_ xmlns:xsd="_URL_ xmlns:soap12="_URL_
 <soap12:Body>
 <TestConfigurations_Update xmlns="_URL_
 <AuthenticationData>
 <AppCode>agSP</AppCode>
 <DeptId>7154</DeptId>
 <ProjId>1032</ProjId>
 <UserId>25315</UserId>
 <PassCode>p@ssword</PassCode>
 </AuthenticationData>
 <TestConfiguration>
 <ConfigId>254</ConfigId>
 <ProjId>10372</ProjId>
 <ConfigurationName>Windows 7 (32-bit)</ConfigurationName>
 <Description>Standard Windows 7 (32-bit) system environment.</Description>
 <IsActive>N</IsActive>
 <CreateUserId>27572</CreateUserId>
 <DateCreated>2014-07-24T09:12:08.037</DateCreated>
 <OwnerUserId>27572</OwnerUserId>
 <OriginalId>0</OriginalId>
 <ImportId>0</ImportId>
 <OwnerName>Davis, Eugeny</OwnerName>
 <UserName>Doe, John</UserName>
 </TestConfiguration>
 <SendEmailAlert>N</SendEmailAlert>
 </TestConfigurations_Update>
 </soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>
Sample Response XML
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 319 {The server returns an appropriate value here}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="_URL_ xmlns:xsd="_URL_ xmlns:soap="_URL_
 <soap:Body>
 <TestConfigurations_UpdateResponse xmlns="_URL_ />
 </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
SOAP 1.2
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 329 {The server returns an appropriate value here}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="_URL_ xmlns:xsd="_URL_ xmlns:soap12="_URL_
 <soap12:Body>
 <TestConfigurations_UpdateResponse xmlns="_URL_ />
 <


text:
Are you tired of the constant maintenance and efficiency issues associated with traditional brushed pumps in your air and vacuum systems? The Pain-Agitate-Solution (PAS) formula is apt for you. The pain lies in the frequent repairs, energy inefficiency, and shorter lifespan of brushed pumps. This scenario agitates businesses looking for long-term, cost-effective solutions. The solution is switching to brushless micro pumps, a technological advancement that addresses these problems comprehensively.
Brushless micro pumps are quickly becoming the future of air and vacuum applications due to their superior durability, operational efficiency, and reduced maintenance costs. Utilizing electronic commutation, these pumps minimize friction and maximize energy usage, providing a long-lasting and cost-effective solution that aligns with modern industrial needs.
Curious to know how these brushless micro pumps can revolutionize your operations? Stay with us to explore the multifaceted benefits and applications of this groundbreaking technology.
Why Are Brushless Micro Pumps the Future of Air and Vacuum Applications?
The Inherent Limitations of Brushed Pumps
Traditional brushed micro pumps have been a staple in many industries but come with inherent limitations. These limitations mainly involve the friction caused by brushes, which leads to faster wear and tear, thereby reducing the pump's lifespan. Moreover, this friction also produces heat and noise, making brushed pumps less suitable for quiet or heat-sensitive environments.
Technological Advancements in Brushless Motors
Brushless miniature pumps, on the other hand, eliminate these drawbacks through advanced engineering. These pumps employ electronic commutation instead of mechanical brushes, minimizing friction and maximizing efficiency. As a result, they offer the dual benefits of increased longevity and reduced maintenance costs, making them more economical in the long run.
Reliability and Versatility
These advancements go hand-in-hand with the versatile applications of brushless pumps. Whether it's medical instrumentation, automated manufacturing, or environmental systems, these pumps can be customized to meet specific needs. With their reliable performance and energy-efficient designs, they have proven to be indispensable in modern applications where accuracy, reliability, and efficiency are paramount.
A Sustainable Choice for the Future
Moreover, the energy-efficient operation of brushless micro pumps aligns well with global initiatives for sustainability. Industries are keen to adopt technologies that not only meet their functional requirements but are also eco-friendly.
The brushless micro pumps offer a series of compelling advantages that make them the ideal choice for a range of applications in today's increasingly demanding and environmentally conscious industrial landscape.
What Sets Brushless Diaphragm Pumps Apart from Their Brushed Counterparts?
Introduction: A Comparative Lens on Pump Technologies
When it comes to selecting the right pump for fluid or pneumatic control systems, the choice between brushed and brushless diaphragm pumps often presents a dilemma. Each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, but a nuanced understanding of their respective features can aid in making an informed decision. In this section, we delve into the key differences that set brushless diaphragm pumps apart, focusing on their durability, efficiency, and maintenance requirements.
Durability: Longevity Engineered into Design
Brushless diaphragm pumps are designed to be more durable than their brushed counterparts. The absence of brushes means fewer moving parts that can wear out, thus extending the pump's lifespan. With longer operating cycles and less downtime, they offer more value over the long term.
Efficiency: The Role of Electronic Commutation
One of the most noteworthy advantages of brushless pumps lies in their operational efficiency. The electronic commutation not only ensures smoother operation but also optimizes energy usage. This translates to reduced energy costs and makes them an eco-friendly choice for sustainable operations.
Maintenance: Lowering the Total Cost of Ownership
The absence of brushes significantly reduces the maintenance needs of brushless diaphragm pumps. They require less frequent servicing, which cuts down on labor costs and parts replacement. Consequently, their total cost of ownership is often lower compared to brushed pumps.
When evaluated on parameters such as durability, efficiency, and maintenance, brushless diaphragm pumps come out ahead. They offer a superior, long-lasting solution well-suited for diverse applications, making them a prudent investment for any business looking to optimize its fluidic control systems.
How Do Brushless Vacuum Pumps Revolutionize Precision Applications?
Introduction: The Quest for Precision in Fluid Dynamics
In industries where precision and control are of paramount importance, such as healthcare, aerospace, and high-tech manufacturing, vacuum pumps play an indispensable role. The advent of brushless vacuum pumps has revolutionized these precision applications, providing benefits that go beyond traditional vacuum solutions. Here, we examine the crucial features and advantages such as low noise and high reliability that make brushless vacuum pumps an industry-changing innovation.
Low Noise: A Silent Revolution in Pump Technology
Noise pollution in industrial settings not only affects worker comfort but can also interfere with sensitive measurements and processes. Brushless vacuum pumps offer a compelling solution with their exceptionally low noise levels. Their design eliminates the sound-generating friction that is common in brushed pumps, thus providing a quieter work environment that is conducive to precision tasks.
High Reliability: Ensuring Consistent Performance
What sets brushless vacuum pumps apart in precision applications is their exceptional reliability. With fewer parts to wear out and better heat dissipation due to electronic commutation, these pumps maintain consistent performance over extended periods. This reduces the risk of system failures, thereby ensuring the continuity and accuracy of critical operations.
Uncompromising Precision: Where Quality Meets Innovation
When it comes to meeting exacting standards, brushless vacuum pumps deliver on multiple fronts. Not only do they reduce the variables that can affect performance, but their enhanced reliability also means less frequent recalibrations. The result is a pump that offers high precision while minimizing operational disruptions.
Brushless vacuum pumps stand out as a game-changing technology for precision applications. By offering unparalleled low noise and high reliability, they facilitate more accurate and efficient operations, validating their status as a revolutionary development in fluid dynamics technology.
Why Choose a 12V Brushless Vacuum Pump for Your Needs?
Introduction: The Significance of Voltage in Vacuum Pumps
Voltage plays an instrumental role in determining a pump's performance, reliability, and application suitability. While vacuum pumps come in various voltage configurations, the 12 volt brushless vacuum pumps have gained significant attention for their remarkable energy efficiency and performance consistency. In this segment, we explore why opting for a 12 V brushless vacuum pump can be a sound decision for your particular needs.
Voltage Requirements: Aligning with Standard Electrical Systems
One of the primary benefits of choosing a 12V brushless vacuum pump is its compatibility with standard electrical systems commonly found in industrial and automotive applications. The 12V specification allows for seamless integration, reducing the need for additional power conversion units or specialized electrical infrastructure.
Energy Efficiency: Lowering Operational Costs
12V brushless vacuum pumps are highly energy-efficient, leading to reduced power consumption and, subsequently, lowered operational costs. Their electronic commutation ensures a smooth, frictionless operation, which minimizes energy wastage compared to their higher-voltage or brushed counterparts.
Performance Comparisons: Why 12V Stands Out
When evaluated against other voltage options, 12V brushless vacuum pumps often deliver comparable performance but with the added advantages of lower heat generation and longer lifespan. The 12V configuration is particularly beneficial in applications where space is at a premium and heat dissipation is a concern.
The 12V brushless vacuum pump offers an optimal blend of compatibility, energy efficiency, and robust performance. Its attributes make it a versatile choice for a wide range of applications, emphasizing its pivotal role in advancing vacuum technology.
How Does DC Vacuum Pump Technology Impact Longevity and Reliability?
Introduction: The DC Advantage in Vacuum Pump Technology
Direct Current (DC) vacuum pump technology has been a cornerstone in revolutionizing the longevity and reliability of vacuum systems. Unlike their alternating current (AC) counterparts, DC vacuum pumps offer greater control over speed and torque, thus enhancing overall performance. This segment delves into the impact of DC technology, particularly focusing on the popular 12V and 24V configurations.
Energy Consumption: The Efficiency of DC Motors
DC vacuum pumps are engineered for high efficiency, and this holds especially true for the 12V and 24V variants. Their DC motors permit precise control, enabling optimal utilization of energy. This control mechanism minimizes energy wastage, translating into lower operational costs and contributing to a longer lifespan for the pump.
Longevity: Built to Last
DC vacuum pumps, especially those operating on 12V and 24V, are designed for robustness and longevity. The absence of frequent voltage fluctuations common in DC pumps ensures less wear and tear on the pump's internal components. This operational stability directly correlates with a longer service life, reducing the total cost of ownership.
Reliability: Consistent Performance Across Applications
One of the most compelling aspects of DC vacuum pumps is their reliability. Because they operate on a stable voltage, the pumps deliver consistent performance regardless of the application's specific requirements. Whether it's a 12V or 24V setup, the DC technology ensures that the pump functions reliably under varied operating conditions.
DC vacuum pump technology, particularly in the 12V and 24V configurations, offers an impressive blend of energy efficiency, longevity, and reliability. These traits make them an excellent choice for a myriad of applications that demand both high performance and operational sustainability.
To sum up, the type of micro pump you choose can profoundly impact the efficiency and effectiveness of your application. From brushless diaphragm pumps to DC vacuum pumps, understanding the nuances of each option can help you make an informed decision. Explore BODENFLO's high-performance range to find the perfect pump solution for your specific needs.


Question: What Is A Female Polish Name?
What's your name in Polish?
'Jak masz na imię.
' (yak-mash-na-im-yea) Meaning: What's your name?.
What do Polish people look like?
General Attributes Of The Polish People Most Polish people have the general Slavic look. This look has features like lighter hair, paleness of the face, blue eyes, and high cheekbone and sharp noses. Among the Slavs, the people of Poland have the lowest pigmentation. … The people of Poland are very conservative.
Most Popular Russian Baby NamesSofia. Sofia is a name that enjoys popularity across the world, and is a firm favourite in Russia. … Anastasia. Anastasia is one of the prettiest Russian girl names and means 'resurrection. … Maria. … Anya. … Alina. … Ekaterina. … Alyona. … Inessa.More items…
Is Mila a Polish name?
Milla (Cyrillic: Мила, Polish: Miła), is a female Slavic name originating from Central or Eastern Europe. It is a diminutive of Slavic names beginning or ending with Milla which derived from the element Mil (Мил) meaning "gracious" or "dear".
Is Mia a Polish name?
Mia Origin and Meaning The name Mia is a girl's name of Italian, Scandinavian origin meaning "mine or bitter". Mia originated as a short form of Maria, which ultimately derived from the Hebrew name Miryam. … Mia is also an Italian and Spanish word meaning 'mine.
Is Sophie a Polish name?
The name Zosia is primarily a female name of Polish origin that means Wisdom. Form of Zofia (Sophia).
What are Poland female names?
Anna was the most popular female first name in Poland as of January 2021….Most common registered first names for females in Poland as of January 2021 (in 1,000s)CharacteristicNumber of registered names in thousandsKrystyna435.59Magdalena434.45Elżbieta430.9Joanna406.849 more rows•Feb 18, 2021
Top baby names in Poland 2017Boy names in PolandGirl names in Poland1. ANTONI (Anthony)1. JULIA2. JAKUB (Jacob)2. ZUZANNA (Susan)3. JAN (John)3. ZOFIA (Sophie)4. SZYMON (Simon)4. LENA6 more rows•Feb 2, 2018
What is a common Polish first name?
Antoni was the most common male first name given to children in Poland in the first half of 2020, with 4,037 registrations. Jan and Jakub were next, with 3,823 and 3,614 registrations, respectively.
150 Italian Girl NamesIsabella.Luna.Aria.Mia.Bella.Emilia.Gabriella.Giana.More items…•Jan 10, 2021
Is Xavier a Polish name?
Meaning & History Polish form of Xavier.
What does Kowalski mean in Polish?
Kowalski (Polish pronunciation: [kɔˈvalskʲi]; feminine: Kowalska, plural: Kowalscy) is the second most common surname in Poland (140,471 people in 2009). Kowalski surname is derived from the word Kowal, meaning "[black]smith".
What is female name in USA?
1000 Most Common Female Names in the U.S.Name% FrequencyRankMARY2.6291PATRICIA1.0732LINDA1.0353BARBARA0.984117 more rows
Polish Girls Names: Most Popular Names for Girls in PolandZuzanna.Lena.Maja.Zofia.Hanna.Amelia.Aleksandra.Alicja.More items…
What does Stas mean in Polish?
Meaning. stani ("to become") + slava ("glory, fame")
Why do Polish female names end in A?
The law requires a given name (imię) to indicate the person's gender. Almost all Polish female names end in a vowel -a, and most male names end in a consonant or a vowel other than a. … Maria is a female name that can be used also as a middle (second) name for males.
What are common Polish names?
Most Common Polish NamesJulia.Aleksandra.Maja.Zuzanna.Lena.Wiktoria.Amelia.Oliwia.More items…•Aug 11, 2011
Why are Polish names so weird?
They are difficult to pronounce because of two reasons: Polish uses the Latin alphabet but has its own spelling/pronunciation rules. Polish uses sounds that don't exist in English or Romance languages (but are there in Indic and most other Slavic languages)
Add a comment


text:
A color ramp uses color to display its numeric value. You configure a color scale that consists of at least two arbitrary markers, each with a numeric value and a corresponding display color. As the input value changes, the color displayed changes to the color that corresponds to that value. Color ramps are useful for visually indicating data ranges, such as a warning range for when a gauge reaches dangerous values. For example, you can use a color ramp to set the color scale for intensity graphs and charts.
Complete the following steps to add and configure a color ramp.
- Right-click a dial, knob, or gauge and select Visible Items»Ramp from the shortcut menu to add a color ramp.
- Right-click the color ramp or a marker and select Marker Spacing»Arbitrary from the shortcut menu to switch the color ramp to arbitrary marker spacing.
- To change the value of an arbitrary marker on a color ramp, use the Operating tool to drag the marker to the value you want or use the Labeling tool to highlight the text of the marker and enter a new value. When you drag a marker, the cursor changes to to indicate the tool is over a marker.
- To add a new marker to the color ramp, right-click the position on the color ramp where you want to add a new marker and select Add Marker from the shortcut menu. LabVIEW adds a new marker to that location. You also can press the key while you drag an existing marker to the location where you want to add a marker.
(Mac OS X) Press the key. (Linux) Press the key.
- Use the Operating or Positioning tools to right-click the marker next to the color ramp and select Marker Color from the shortcut menu to change the color associated with a marker.
- Select the color you want from the color picker that appears.
- Resize the color ramp by moving the Positioning tool over one of the handles that appear on the midpoints of the color ramp. Drag the handle to the width you want.
||Note Meters have a visible color ramp by default.


text:
Are Grades 10-12 physical sciences teachers equipped to teach physics?
MetadataShow full item record
South African schools have been confronted with educational reform since the mid-nineties and the process is still continuing. The concomitant changes put a very high demand on physical sciences teachers and also have an impact on teacher behaviour. The purpose of this study was to probe whether teachers could be considered equipped to teach the physics part of the FET physical sciences curriculum. A revised framework on teacher behaviour, which includes three factors, namely teacher knowledge, teacher views and beliefs, and teacher attitudes, was used in conjunction with a questionnaire and a survey to analyse the data from individual and focus group interviews. A total of 68 FET physical sciences teachers from urban, township and rural schools participated in the research. Our findings indicate that teachers are positive about the curriculum. However, the problems identified with training, support and resources as well as the lack of teachers' subject content knowledge, particularly in rural and township schools, cannot be blamed on the curriculum and therefore cannot be fixed by curriculum changes.


text:
This study investigates the effectiveness of using laterally oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) nanosheets (NSs) grown by the hydrothermal growth (HTG) method for relative humidity (RH) sensing at room temperature (RT). A sensing response (R12%/R96%) at RT of as high as 220, good sensing linearity in the range of 12-96% RH, a fast sensing response time of as low as 600 s, and a recovery time of 3 s are achieved. Compared to conventional ZnO-nanowire-based humidity sensors, a 100-fold improvement in the sensing response at RT was obtained, which is mainly attributed to the ZnO NSs having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio and a porous-like surface.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Metals and Alloys
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Materials Chemistry


Like HowStuffWorks on Facebook!
How Car Crushers Work
 Auto | Auto Basics
Operating a Car Crusher
Operating a Car Crusher
The basic function of car crushers hasn't changed much since they were invented in the 1970s. Improvements in car crusher design focus on two areas: ease of use, and set-up and crushing speed. Older crushers needed more than one operator, and setting up and tearing down a portable crusher could take a lot of time. New crushers have automatic push-button set-up and can be easily run by a single operator. Faster crushers mean more cars crushed per minute, and the more efficient a crushing operation is, the more money the crusher's owner can make.
Once a car reaches the junkyard, it goes through several steps before finally being shredded to scrap metal.
 1. The car is stripped of all working parts. For example, a car may have a cracked engine block, but the transmission is fine. Salvage crews pull out the working parts for resale. A huge number of parts can be resold - body panels, carburetors, wheels and tires, suspension parts and entire engines can be refurbished and sold to do-it-yourselfers.
 2. Hazardous materials are removed. The battery is pulled out and chemicals in the air-conditioning system are drained. The gas tank is removed and drained (and resold if it's in good condition).
 3. The car is left in the junkyard until it's time to be crushed. It could be there for a few hours or even a few months, depending on how big the backlog of cars that need to be crushed is.
 4. The operator drives the crusher to the junkyard and sets it up (if it's a portable crusher).
 5. Cars are loaded onto the crushing bed with a forklift, an excavator with a huge claw on the end or a magnet. Some crushers have a crane with a lifting claw or magnet built into the crusher itself.
 6. The operator activates the hydraulics, crushing the cars as flat as possible. The crushed cars will take up less than half of the space they originally required, and in some cases as little as ten percent. How flat they get depends on the crusher and what kinds of cars are being crushed. Baler crushers can reduce a car to a brick of crushed metal that's about three and a half feet high, two feet wide and three to five feet long [Source: Al-jon].
 7. There may be an additional storage period before the cars are shipped to a shredder.
 8. The cars are loaded onto trucks or a train and shipped to a recycler where they will be shredded down to chunks of scrap metal. Often, the stripping and salvaging steps above are skipped - whole cars, tires and all, are fed into the crusher, and then shipped to the shredder where the shredded chunks themselves are sorted.
Granutech's Big MAC portable crusher needs about 45 seconds per car, and can crush four or five cars at a time. Overbuilt's Model 10 crusher is built with a higher clearance on the bed, allowing trucks and buses to be crushed, or six cars at one time. A special hydraulic system that allows rapid transfer of hydraulic fluid increases overall crushing speed [Source: American Recycler].


Tuesday, October 31, 2006
Comparing and Merging two XML files
Comparing and Merging two XML files
The problem :
I have a xml file conversion program. It converts first.xml to target.xml. I have also written a program to convert target.xml to first.xml.
The problem is to preserve the changes made to target.xml. The user is allowed to edit the target.xml manually. For example he can add an element, modify attributes etc..
The file conversion from first.xml to target.xml is not a one-one conversion. There are scenarios like one element in first.xml is equivalent to 25 elements in the target. Further the first.xml does not capture all attributes and data needed to generate target.xml. So there are lot of values which are defaulted during initial conversion. Hence we need a round trip solution. The system should be able to import target.xml and export target.xml while preserving all changes made in target.xml
The current system
xslt is used to generate target.xml from a given first.xml. Conversion of target.xml to first.xml is again handled by xslt. Does not support round trip. ie current system looses most of the changes made manually. Other technologies used XMLBeans, JSF
The approach
Following are the list of feature needed
a) Export first.xml to target.xml
b) Import target.xml to first.xml
At a concept level the import solution can be modeled as follows
Retain the current convertion logic ( ie, extract as much as data needed for first.xml)
Generate a delta of changes.
Use the delta and merge it with the target.xml generated in export process
Activities planned
1) Identify appropriate Java based solutions
2) Evaluate each solution
3) Design the final solution
4) Implement the solution
Solutions evaluated
2) XMLBeans
4) XMLUnit
5) The "3DM" XML 3-way Merging and Differencing Tool
6) DOM
7) X-Diff
8) XML Diff and Merge Tool(Alpha works)
The initial though process is to generate the target.xml. Compare it with the one used during import. (instead of storing the delta store the whole document). Copy/overwrite/ignore the delta to the newly generated target.xml. Hence I started evaluating various options available to deeply compare the xml tree. Features needed are
a) Compare the whole document
b) Compare the elements selectively
c) Comprision has to be smart enough to ignore -- spaces, return characters, alteration of sequences, changes in positions of attributes etc..
1) XSLT --- very complex. There are couple of code fragments available out there. But I felt it was too complex to understand and maintain. Also xsl tends to be too lengthy.
2) XMLBeans -- There are two methods defined in XMLObject compareTo( Object) and compareValue(XMLObject).
public int compareTo(Object obj)
Impelements the Comparable interface by comparing two simple xml values based on their standard XML schema ordering. Throws a ClassCastException if no standard ordering applies, or if the two values are incomparable within a partial order.
public int compareValue(XmlObject obj)
This comparison method is similar to compareTo, but rather than throwing a ClassCastException when two values are incomparable, it returns the number 2. The result codes are -1 if this object is less than obj, 1 if this object is greater than obj, zero if the objects are equal, and 2 if the objects are incomparable.
There is also an implementation availble in XMLObjectBase.java. This method does not work. I downloaded the source code and trid to fix it. I was not going any where. One of the response from bea says that these methods can handle ony simple type( what ever it is) and need developers to code for handling schema based comparision.
The story with jaxb is almost the same as xml beans. The interfaces have compareTo(Object ). But there is no implementation.
4) XMLUnit
Comparing xml files is very easy in XMLUnit
Diff myDiff = new Diff(controlDocument, testDocument); XML Unit can identify similar, identical and also print all differences found with element name and attribute names. The limitation is the API is built around DOM ie, it works with org.w3c.dom.Document which represents the whole xml document. XML Unit does not support our B requrement
This project is still in alpha
6) DOM
DOM 3 has defined the behaviour for isEqualNode(). I tried the default parser in JDK 1.5 and also Xerces-J-bin.2.8.1. In either case it throws an exception saying DOM 3 implementation needed. Even Oracle parser has DOM 3 but i wonder if they have implemented isEqualNode(). The conclution is DOM 3 isEqualNode() is not yet there
7) X-Diff
No files released
8) XML Diff and Merge Tool(Alpha works)
This seems to be targeted to GUI applications. Not suitable for our requirements.
It seems comparing XML is still an under developed technology. This raises few more questions.
What happened to the do any thing and do in anywhere promise of XML. Or is this impression I got coz my exploration is limited to java world.
How does mature technologies like RDBMS handle this kind of requirements.
After-all RDBMS does handle these problems. The solution in RDBMS world are much simpler. It does not have deeply nested hierarchies. So these type of requirements are handled by manual coding. Probably we will not need sophisticated tools as in XML world.
After this exercise I had changed my approach. The new approach is use manual coding. I used XMLBeans as binding framework. Manipulate each element as java objects appropriately to handle the export and import functions.
Monday, October 30, 2006
Hello World
Hello world!
I have just started blogging, but there have been many attempts previously. Hope i will hold on to this longer :)


text:
Astral DrainMaster is a uPVC conventional drainage system for soil, waste and rain water. This system enables fast and efficient removal of waste without blockage and leakage. Its high impact strength, chemical and corrosion resistance ensures long life and virtually zero maintenance. Astral DrainMaster system is a preferred drainage and rain water system among architects, builders and plumbing contractors. The state-of-the-art machineries and virgin raw materials are used to produce Astral DrainMaster SWR system.
Astral DrainMaster Type A pipes are recommended for application in ventilation and rain water, while Type B pipes are recommended for soil and discharge.


text:
Wharncliffe Woodmoor 1,2 & 3 Colliery
Wharncliffe Woodmoor 1, 2 and 3 colliery (part of Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery Company Ltd, the Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery Company was formed in 1873 when it purchased the New Willey Colliery, which had been sunk in 1871) was a coal mine that was located at the junction of Laithes Lane and Carlton Road, about 2 miles northeast of Barnsley, South Yorkshire and a quarter mile east of Staincross and Mapplewell railway station, on the Great Central Railway. The branch line junction was about 200 feet from Staincross that connected it to the colliery via a private line. The line finished up between the three main shafts and the coking ovens.
The colliery was sunk in 1871 just after Joshua Willey, an Hoyland wine and spirit merchant, leased land from the Earl of Wharncliffe. Willey sank two shafts, reaching the Woodmoor Seam in November 1871. The colliery eventually had four shafts (No.3 used as a Pumping Station from 1970 to 1988). In its earlier days the pit was also known as 'Old Carlton'. It received its modern name from the landowner, the Earl of Wharncliffe, and the Woodmoor seam of coal, first exploited in the 1870s. Willey sold the colliery in 1873 and a new company, the Wharncliffe Woodmoor Coal Co. was formed. During the mid-1870s there was an apparent collapse in the coal industry and the colliery was again available to buy. The colliery was purchased at auction by Joseph Willey for £18,000. Howard Allport became the new owner in 1881 and in 1883 converted the privately owned business into a limited liability concern and become known as the Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery Co. Ltd. The colliery occupied a large site, with coke ovens, brickworks to the east of the colliery producing 50,000 bricks per week and an engine shed. The site was south-west of the village of Carlton, between Carlton Lane and Laithes Lane. Seams worked were Haigh Moor, Barnsley, Kent's Thick, Winter, Lidgett and Beamshaw. During the 1930s the company had listed William Sutherland (Scottish politician) and Lady Sutherland of Braithwaite Hall, Darton as principal owners/directors. The couple had other business interests in the town including the North Gawber and Woolley collieries. At the time of nationalisation in 1947 the colliery employed 1069 workers underground. In November 1965 it was announced by the National Coal Board that an accelerated pit closure programme would get under way affecting 120,000 men. Collieries were categorised as Class 'A' (likely to continue), Class B (doubtful) and Class C (likely to close) of which Wharncliffe was included. The colliery closed in 1965\6 but continued as a pumping station until 1988 (Wharncliffe Woodmoor Nos.4 & 5 closed in July 1970).
The disaster at Wharncliffe Woodmoor colliery claimed fifty-eight lives and devastated the local community. It was the last of what we might regard as a major colliery disaster in South Yorkshire. It remains the worst South Yorkshire mining disaster in modern times. The disaster was caused by an explosion of gas from the Lidgett Seam on the morning of 6 August 1936. The Lidgett Seam which was just over two feet thick and was reached by drifts from the Haigh Moor Seam which was 34 yards above. The Haigh Moor Seam was 280 yards from the surface. The explosion occurred during the latter part of the night shift, at about 3.20am (this was confirmed by a shaftman on the surface who noticed a sudden reversal of air at that time), when men were involved in repair work and making preparations for the day shift. S.O.S messages were sent out immediately to neighbouring collieries and six rescue teams arrived. These were from Woolley, Barnsley Main, Barnsley Rescue Station, North Gawber, Monckton Main and the rescue team from Wharncliffe Woodmoor. Rescue workers, which hurriedly rushed to the scene were hindered by falls of roof, Wharncliffe Woodmoor No.1 rescue team being the first to descend the mine. They brought news that they had dug through four walls, but that progress had been slow owing to the amount of debris which had to be cleared, and also to further slight falls. A member of the rescue team said that they encountered gas and five canaries which had been taken down the pit had died. Local doctors Dr H. B Pare, Dr. J. Henderson and Dr. H. Henderson (Royston) and Dr. Quigley (Cudworth) arrived on the scene and rendered assistance. The Old Green Road School, Carlton was used as a temporary morgue with nurses standing by. The Vicar of Carlton Rev. N. King, Rev. E.F Owen Vicar of Staincross and Canon W.C Hudson of the Holy Rood Catholic Church, Barnsley offered the crowd spiritual comfort by conducting prayers in the pit yard. The Mayor of Barnsley, Alderman Jones, was visiting Prague at the International Miners Conference with other council and mining officials at the time of the explosion, they had been cabled earlier that morning and informed by about 4:30pm that afternoon.
The inquest was opened on 30 of the victims in the West Riding Police Court at Barnsley. Mr C.J Haworth, the Barnsley District Coroner, opened the inquest. There were present Mr. L. Wagstaffe, solicitor representing the colliery company and officials representing the Yorkshire Miners Association and the Yorkshire Deputies Association. The inquiry adjourned and resumed on Monday morning, by then all the bodies had been identified. Dr. Sydney Fisher, Medical Inspector of Mines had now joined the proceedings. Mr. Herbert Smith called for a full, government inquiry.
The subsequent inquiry took place in the Town Hall, Barnsley and took six days. Sir Henry Walker, the Chief Inspector of Mines chaired the inquiry and presented the report to Captain Harry Crookshank (Henry Frederick Comfort Crookshank. 1st Viscount Crookshank) who was the Parliamentary Secretary, Mines, 1935–39. At the inquiry, evidence was then taken concerning the loader motor. The electrician had been instructed to make a general overhaul of the electrical apparatus in 1's district which meant that he would remove the covers and examine the commutator and the starter of each unit. His instructions were that before he removed the covers at the loader motor he would see that the gate end switch was out and the cable between it and the starting switch was disconnected and that he would not run the motors with these covers off. After the explosion the starter switch was found in the off position and the gate end switch had been cut off at the surface. Mr. Thomas Storrs, the chief electrician said he had been present on many occasions when the motors had been opened up and this was the first instance in which he had found a cover off a motor when the cable was connected. Mr. G. Cook, Senior Inspector, was present when the body of the loader was found between the loader and the left side of the gate pack, close to the commutator. This was on the other side from the switch but it was possible for him to reach the switch. The evidence seemed to point to the explosion being caused by a spark from the switch or the commutator of the loader motor but there was no absolute proof.
In 1979 a memorial was dedicated and unveiled by the Yorkshire NUM president Arthur Scargill. The memorial included a commemorative plaque and half pulley wheel in what became Athersley Memorial Park, Royston Carlton Boundary Walk. (SE436409). The Commission: To commemorate a mining accident, 6 August 1936, in which 58 men were killed.
Harry Dancer, Chairman of Barnsley MBC's Development and Planning Committee, initiated this scheme which was accepted by this committee on 31 August 1978 and cost £950, approved on 29 September 1978. It was part of reclamation of the Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery site on which the monument originally stood. The contractors, Pugh-Lewis, were based in Chesterfield. The memorial was unveiled by Arthur Scargill, then President of the Yorkshire NUM, in the presence of Roy Mason, MP for Barnsley (Roy Mason, Baron Mason of Barnsley), and Cllr Dancer.
In 2008 Barnsley Councillor Len Picken (Councillor Picken was the Mayor of Barnsley for the municipal year 2007/2008) successfully campaigned to have the old half pulley wheel moved to a more prominent location at the entrance of the Wharncliff Business Park. There was a public appeal that went out via local news media including the BBC. The new memorial was a more emotive piece of work that included the half pulley wheel, a stone frieze, sculptured by Harry Malkin, carved in brick supplied and fired by Ibstock brick company Nostel, Wakefield that depicts two miners searching for their lost colleagues and stands about ten feet by eight. It also includes local news reports from the time of the accident, an information board by local historian Brian Elliot and the names of the Woodmoor victims. The ceremony was led by Councillor Picken and Councillor Roy Butterfield. More than 100 people attended, including numerous relatives and descendants, some with Welsh origins, and representatives from the NUM.
Post-closure and regeneration
The colliery closed in 1966 as a result of the NCB's pit closure programme. The site was a 30ha waste tip and by now surrounded on three sides by council housing. It was eventually reclaimed and landscaped. There was minimal topsoil available on the site and after an initial flush of surface greening, the vegetation on


text:
The Swedish government is pushing for a meat tax to help curb the environmental impact of meat production, but officials don't want to stop there. They would like to see the meat tax enacted throughout all of the European Union to reduce meat consumption.
The proposal was made by Sweden's Board of Agriculture, according to a report by EurActiv.com.
"Environmental regulations and economics incentives like environmental taxes or subsidies are possible alternatives. Preferably they should be implemented at the EU level rather than the national level," the board's report, Sustainable meat consumption: What is it? How do we get there?, said.
Meat is popular among Swedish – and European – consumers. Last year Swedes consumed 191 pounds of meat, but Marit Paulsen, a Swedish Member of the European Parliament (MEP) and vice president of the European Parliament's agriculture committee, said that she would like to see meat consumption in the Scandinavian country drop to 99 to 110 pounds per person annually. Read more from EurActiv here.
In the U.S., the livestock industry is also fighting rumors surrounding meat's environmental impact despite evidence of the contrary. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that animal agriculture accounted for just 2.8 percent of the country's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and Judith Capper, Ph.D., assistant professor of animal sciences at Washington State University, said in a recent "Meat MythCrusher" video report that the livestock industry has been proactive in reducing environmental impact. Watch the Meat MythCrusher video report here.
This isn't the first time that vegetarianism has promoted from Sweden. In August 2012, scientists at the Stockholm International Water Institute announced that a looming water shortage would force the global population to become vegetarian by 2050. Click here to read, "We'll all be vegetarians by 2050, scientists say."


text:
Microbial Control of Mineral–Groundwater Equilibria: Macroscale to Microscale
- Post by: admin
- November 26, 2018
- Comments off
processes that perturb general groundwater chemistry and therefore mineral–water equilibria; and microscale interactions, where attached organisms locally perturb mineral–water equilibria, potentially releasing limiting trace nutrients from the dissolving mineral.
In the contaminated unconfined glacio-fluvial aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota, USA, carbonate chemistry is influenced primarily at the macroscale. Under oxic conditions, respiration by native aerobic heterotrophs produces excess carbon dioxide that promotes calcite and dolomite dissolution. Aerobic microorganisms do not colonize dolomite surfaces and few occur on calcite. Within the anoxic groundwater, calcite overgrowths form on uncolonized calcite cleavage surfaces, possibly due to the consumption of acidity by dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria. As molecular oxygen concentration increases downgradient of the oil pool …