Review of John Q – Essay Sample
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John Q is an emotionally-packed movie that surrounds the unfortunate medical circumstances of John, played by Denzel Washington, and his son. The purpose of the film was to raise the many issues surrounding poor health care in the United States, and even less empathy from hospital administration and insurance companies. After John's son collapses at a baseball game, the doctors diagnose him as having a heart that is too large for his body and declare that he must receive an immediate transplant to survive. Quickly, the hospital administration informs John that his insurance plan does not cover such an operation and an immediate payment of $100,000 must be made just to get his son's name on the donor list. There are multiple issues surrounding the problems of John and his family, and through the use of cinematic techniques the director, Nick Cassavetes, brings these issues to life and sparks a national discussion on health care.
The movie contains multiple scenes of close-up camera shots, highly emotional scenes and the use of poignant music to emphasize the heightened emotions of the situation. In many scenes where John is speaking with his sick son, the camera is zoomed in to show the particular facial expressions of the characters. As the actors and actresses begin to shed emotional tears of fear and joy, the audience is able to experience the heightened emotional pull on the importance of the scene. The quality actors are able to act in a way that makes the audience believe in the magnitude of the situation. Washington convinces viewers as he immerses himself in the role and communicates an exceptional believability through communicating with the doctors, administrators and even his own wife. Finally, the director utilizes the power of music to express the heightened emotions surrounding the situation. For instance, in the first scene classical music is playing in the car of a woman as she performs dangerous turns in her car while driving. Quickly, the audience is able to understand that the woman's death has a higher purpose in the overall story and her imminent death is preceded by the poignant, emotional music.
The overall goal of the movie is to communicate the importance of health care reform and the problems surrounding the current health care system with employer-sponsored health insurance. Within the first half hour of the movie, the villain becomes clear: "it's all the fault of a healthcare system that caters to the rich and well-insured middle classes while denying quality care — or even life itself — to the uninsured and to poor people" (Lockard). This villain becomes magnified through the events of the plot; whereby, the employer has changed John's insurance plan without notification and the hospital administrators and doctors are unsympathetic towards the pleas of the family. Through the use of and excellently written screenplay, John Q is able to explain the goal of the movie. The audience is educated from the hospital administrator, played by Anne Heche, "that over forty million Americans do not have health insurance, and many more have inadequate insurance" that increases morbidity and mortality rates through insufficient health care (Lockard). Part of the goal of this movie has been to begin a strong nationwide discussion for changes in the health care system, including the potential of moving towards a universal health care system.
Many individuals place blame on the entire health care system in the United States as being flawed and based solely around putting more money in the pockets of doctors and medical or insurance companies, rather than providing quality health care. Some individuals even claim that if the United States had universal health care, such as the system found in the northern neighbors in Canada, John Q and millions of other individuals would not experience nearly the headaches and heartaches. Unfortunately, universal health are poses its own problems for John Q, as explained by John Vincent from the Objectivist Center. First of all, the Canadian government has total control over paying for the health care system and makes all decisions on the wait lists and treatments that can be provided to all people. In other words, similar care would have been provided to John Q and his son in Canada, and would have likely reached the same diagnosis. However, the government becomes responsible for placing his son on the donor list and the government also decides if and when the patient will receive the surgery (Vincent). Therefore, the financial problems for John Q and the insurance struggles would no longer be the concern, instead the Canadian government would become the villain and John Q's son may never receive his transplant, even with John Q's decision to take hostages – it is out of the control of hospital administrators and doctors.
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History of Albion River Bridge
Posted: 07/09/2014
Albion River Bridge July 2001, shot at the bay side at very low tide
The first permanent bridge that crossed the Albion River was a draw bridge which allowed the logging tugboat "Zenith" access up the river. This bridge was a part of the first county road that connected the lumber towns together. The bridge is long gone now but the wood members of the bridge pillar are still exposed in the South bank across the river. The old county road crossed Albion Flats where the road is today but it no longer has the sawmill at 18 feet above ground covering it.
As traffic increased, the county constructed a new wood bridge that crossed just up river. This bridge is seen in the upper half of the above photograph east of the sawmill. The bridge was 512 feet long and 16 feet wide with no wheel guards on the sides. Two of the three bridge footings were in the water and are still visible in the river east of the campground. In August 1933, the bridge and road became a part of the state highway system, subject to state maintenance. Soon after the state took over the road maintenance, the declared the bridge as badly worn from overloaded traffic and started the design of a replacement bridge. When the state was ready for materials, World War II had started.
A prolonged battle with the War Resources Board ensued over allocation of the needed steel. California finally prevailed and started construction on the existing bridge in 1942. The final plans allowed for just enough steel to reinforce the two concrete pillars and to build the 130 foot long truss between them. The rest of the bridge is specially treated redwood. Specifications for the bridge are 26 feet wide, 969 feet long, and 150 feet above the river.


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AllianceBlock and Datomize Integration
AllianceBlock announcing its integration with Datomize, a synthetic data solution provider. The partnership will allow Datomize to bring its state-of-the-art data replication and synthesization tools to the Data Tunnel.
It will also allow all users to harness Datomize's options to anonymize, expand, and augment datasets. This will add an optional privacy and experimentation benefit to our data solutions that will allow more users and institutions to access our product while a lower initial investment is needed.
AI-Powered Data Privacy Opens Up New Institutional Use Cases for the Data Tunnel
Using integrated tools from Datomize, Data Tunnel's users can create a synthetic replica of a dataset that keeps the same key statistical and demographic characteristics while excluding sensitive or personal information such as names, contact details, or social security numbers.
In cases where datasets are biased or incomplete, users can expand them using probabilistic, AI-powered tools. This will allow Data Tunnel users to gain insights from synthetic datasets that retain the characteristics and trends of real-world data while ensuring compliance with relevant data privacy regulations.
By using the technology of Datomize, their users can create more training data for their models (Replicate), improve the quality of the data of their datasets (Recharge) or synthesize new data inside their dataset so that it can generate new insights (Reinvent). Here is an overview of Datomize's features and how they accelerate the use of Data Tunnel :
- Replicate: AI-powered data generation tools to generate high-quality synthetic data that improve the quality and variety of existing datasets. This means data publishers can now submit their data without privacy concerns. They can also create additional data based on the original.
- Recharge: Specialized tools to enhance the quality and variety of training data for machine learning models. This means that users wanting to use incomplete datasets that they see potential in can now use machine learning models to fill out the gaps based on existing information.
- Reinvent: Dedicated features to reconstruct and augment existing datasets to overcome bias or gaps in existing data. This will allow users to test different scenarios and hypotheses by combining various data sources.
AllianceBlock Co-Founder and CTO Matthijs De Vries said: "Data is the fuel that powers new ideas and drives good decisions. But anyone who has worked in data science or analytics knows how hard it can be to deal with incomplete or skewed datasets. By partnering with Datomize, we will empower Data Tunnel users to fill the gaps in their data, unlock new possibilities, and uncover insights from machine learning."
Datomize Founder and CEO Avi Weiss added "Information is at the heart of every economy and when data is more openly accessible, it leads to more innovation and growth. Partnering with AllianceBlock was an obvious choice as we share a common vision of a transparent, open and compliant data economy that preserves user privacy".
Datomize's synthetic data solution accelerates and streamlines the development, training and testing of AI/ML models and applications that drive business growth. Datomize preserves the behavioral features of the original production data without violating personal privacy regulations to speed up the time to market for new products and services and rapidly generate insights that drive digital transformation. Providing the speed and scale required by global financial institutions and highly regulated industries, Datomize processes highly complex data structures with multiple dependencies and is fully scalable to process thousands of tables and millions of records. Datomize enables enterprises to rapidly release new services, move analytics to the cloud, integrate third-party solutions, and glean insights from AI/ML models to become market leaders.
AllianceBlock is building seamless gateways between TradFi and DeFi by remedying issues in both spheres and linking them more closely. They see the future of finance as an integrated system where the best of both worlds can work together to increase capital flows and technological innovation.
They are building this future by bridging traditional finance with compliant, data-driven access to new decentralized markets, DeFi projects and ecosystem-scaling tools such as funding and interoperability. As such, they are building a next-generation financial infrastructure that aims to provide regulated financial entities worldwide with the tools they need to access the DeFi space seamlessly.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


COVID hotel quarantine failures – a hierarchical model
With another lockdown in Victoria, the media has been asking why Victoria has had a worse COVID experience than other Australian states. Much can be explained by the challenges of the second wave and an overwhelmed contact tracing system. Contact tracing is now much improved, with tens of thousands of contacts being identified and managed quickly during the current outbreak.
Another media focus has been rates of escape from hotel quarantine, which are now the main source of outbreaks in Australia. If you look at the raw numbers, it seems that some states might have better systems than others, especially when considering the number of travellers who have been quarantined. But how sure can we be of that? Can some states feel smug superiority, or have they just been lucky?
Leah Grout and colleagues examined the rate of failure of quarantine facilities in Australia and New Zealand, reporting the number of failures, the number of quarantined travellers, and (importantly) the number of those travellers who were COVID positive (as of early 2021). This latter number is one of the keys – you could have the worst quarantine system imaginable but you won't have any failures if none of the travellers are COVID positive.
So what do the numbers tell us? New South Wales has processed the most COVID positive travellers of the jurisdictions in the database (1581) but it has also had the most identified failures (5 to that point). Victoria has had almost as many identified breaches (4) but many fewer positive cases in their quarantine system (462).
But when looking at these data, you might notice that the number of failures is low. The small numbers mean that any estimates of the rate of failure of hotel quarantine will be uncertain. How uncertain? Very uncertain!
Even in states/territories with zero breaches so far, the rate of failure might be no lower than in the jurisdictions that appear to be performing worst. Tasmania and the ACT are cases in point – both have had no recorded breaches of hotel quarantine but they have also processed very few COVID positive travellers (21 and 25 respectively).
Even the Northern Territory, with its much vaunted Howard Springs facility, had only 88 COVID cases in Grout et al.'s data. Consequently, the uncertainty around an estimate of the rate of failure of hotel quarantine is large.
To estimate the rate of failure, let's first treat each of the COVID positive cases as a simply Bernoulli trial, with the probability of failure being the same for each person within the jurisdiction. You can see the estimates below. Do you notice the large intervals around the estimates for the NT, ACT and Tasmania? Using only the observed rates of failure, we can't really be sure that those jurisdictions are better than any other.
Estimated probability of failure of COVID hotel quarantine for each infected traveller, based on the failures reported in Grout et al. (in review). The dots are the point estimates (failures divided by cases), and the bars are 95% credible intervals, assuming a uniform prior for the probability of failure.
The cabins at Howard Springs have the advantage of almost eliminating aerosol transmission between rooms, which appears to be a problem in the hotel systems that operate elsewhere. But we know, intuitively, that the hotel quarantine facilities in places like the ACT and Tasmania are likely to suffer similar risks to similar systems in other jurisdictions. Given that, the risks are unlikely to be as high as indicated by the upper bounds of the intervals above. But likewise, the probability of quarantine failure is unlikely to be zero.
How can we "borrow" information about rates of failure in other jurisdictions while at the same time allowing for some differences in rates of failure between jurisdictions? Well, let's say hello to a hierarchical statistical model!
For our hierarchical statistical model of failure rates from COVID quarantine hotels, we assume that the rate of failure of each jurisdiction is drawn from a common pool of possible failure rates. This pool of possible failure rates is defined by a probability distribution – hierarchical modelling estimates this distribution. Each jurisdiction has its own particular failure rate – if the rates differ a lot between between jurisdictions, then the distribution that defines the pool of possible rates will be wide. If the rates are similar to each other, then the distribution will be narrow.
You can think about what such a hierarchical model might mean when estimating the failure rate in places like Tasmania and the ACT where data are scarce. If we look at the jurisdictions with more data, the rate of failure is unlikely to be larger than 0.02 or so (the upper bounds of the 95% intervals in the figure above). So, these more precisely estimated rates will tend to constrain the variation in the pool of possible rates.
To formalise this idea, we need to define a model for that pool of possible failure rates. When dealing with probabilities, we know that the values are constrained to be between zero and one. However, probabilities can also be expressed as odds. The odds that an event will happen is the probability of it happening divided by the probability of it not happening. So if p is a probability of an event, then p/(1-p) is the odds of the event*. Odds are constrained to be between 0 (when p = 0) and infinity (when p = 1).
Now, if we take the logarithm of the odds, then the resulting value is the log-odds, and this number can take any real value between minus infinity (when p = 0) and plus infinity (when p = 1)**. This transformation is useful, because it is straightforward to define a distribution on this interval – we can use a normal distribution. Now our pool of possible failure rates can be defined by a normal distribution (with the values drawn from this distribution being back-transformed to become probabilities). The statistical model*** then simply needs to estimate the mean and standard deviation of this underlying normal distribution.
So what do the results of the hierarchical model indicate? Well, that model suggests that differences between jurisdictions in the rate of hotel failure might be as large as an order of magnitude or so (e.g., compare the extreme upper limit of one jurisdiction to the lower limits of others). But equally, there is also not compelling evidence that the risks differ much at all (e.g., note the large overlap of the 95% intervals). So when I hear pundits declaring how one state's quarantine system is better than another's based on the rate of failure, I just roll my eyes – they don't quite understand how variable chance can be, especially when estimating rates of rare events.
Estimated probability of failure of COVID hotel quarantine for each infected traveller, based on a hierarchical model of the failures reported in Grout et al. (in review). The dots are means of posterior distributions, and the bars are 95% credible intervals. The right hand value is the average over the Australian states and territories.
Since the preparation of Grout et al.'s paper, we've seen further escapes from hotel quarantine – Victoria's current outbreak being a case in point. And there is a second possible escape too, although sequencing so far has been unable to pinpoint the source of the delta variant in Victoria. But Grout et al.'s data suggest that an escape will be identified for every 200 or so COVID-positive cases in hotel quarantine. With COVID cases continuing to be common around the world, we'll see more COVID cases in hotel quarantine with more outbreaks expected.
* You will have seen odds in horse racing. These define the payout from the bookmaker. They are essentially the odds of the horse not winning (while also factoring a small margin to pay for the bookmaker's investment portfolio and collection of fancy cars).
** This is the logit transformation and is the basis of logistic regression.
For those interested in the details, here is BUGS code for the hierarchical model:
for (i in 1:8) # for each of the 8 jurisdictions.
re[i] ~ dnorm(0, tau) # how the probability of failure for each jurisdiction varies
logit(p[i]) <- logit(pav) + re[i] # the prob of failure for each jurisdiction
fails[i] ~ dbin(p[i], cases[i]) # failures treated as a set of Bernoulli events
OzHQ <- mean(p[2:8]) # average probability of failure for Aust hotels
pav ~ dunif(0, 1) # the prior for the average probability of failure
tau <- 1 / (s * s) # BUGS defines variation of dnorm by precision = 1/variance
s ~ dunif(0, 100) # the prior sd
And here's the data used (NT is excluded given it includes the non-hotel site of Howard Springs; the order is: NZ, ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA):
cases[] fails[]
758 10
25 0
1581 5
543 3
230 1
21 0
462 4
450 1
Posted in Communication, COVID, Probability and Bayesian analysis | Tagged,,, | Leave a comment
Projecting future deaths from COVID-19 cases
As the number of COVID-19 cases increases in the US and Europe over the last few weeks, some people have claimed that deaths have not increased. Indeed, Donald Trump Jr has claimed* that the number of deaths has declined to "almost nothing".
Daily number of deaths in the US attributed to COVID-19. The black line is a weekly average, which smooths variations and anomalies such as the lower reporting rate associated with weekends.
Firstly, this claim is flatly false – deaths in the US are increasing, and have been doing so for a fortnight. But will the new large spikes in cases lead to large spikes in deaths? The TL;


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IZfe Interface
The ZFE Connector library object. Used to initialize the SDK and create Connector objects.
Namespace: MicroFocus.ZFE.Connector
Assembly: MicroFocus.ZFE.Connector (in MicroFocus.ZFE.Connector.dll) Version: 1.1.30312.0 (1.1.30312.0)
Syntax
public interface IZfe
The IZfe type exposes the following members.
Methods
 NameDescription
Public methodCreateConnector
Creates a connector object.
Public methodInitialize
Initializes the ZFE Connector library.
Public methodShutdown
Terminates the ZFE Connector library. This should be the last call made before an application exits. Once Shutdown is called the ZFE Connector library cannot be reinitialized and no other connectors can be created.
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See Also


Nod (gesture)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A depiction of a man nodding
Nodding to indicate acceptance[edit]
Different cultures assign different meanings to the gesture. Nodding to indicate "yes" is widespread, and appears in a large number of diverse cultural and linguistic groups. Areas in which nodding generally takes this meaning include the Indian subcontinent (note that the head bobble also shows agreement there), Iran, Southeast Asia, Western Europe, Latin America and North America. Nodding may also be used as a sign of recognition in some areas. Nodding is also used to show respect. Insult can be inferred if it is not returned in kind.
Nodding to indicate refusal[edit]
There are few exceptions with some countries swapping the meanings between nodding and shaking head: in Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria and Albania a single nod of the head up (not down) indicates a "no".
There are varying theories as to why nodding is so frequently used to mean "yes". One simple theory is that it is a form of bowing, indicating that one is prepared to accept what another person is saying or requesting.[citation needed] It has also been stated[1] that babies, when hungry, search for milk by moving their heads vertically, but decline milk by turning their head from side to side.
An early survey of nodding and other gestures was The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, written by Charles Darwin in 1872. Darwin wrote to missionaries in many parts of the world asking for information on local gestures, and concluded that nodding for "yes" was common to many different groups.
Nodding as greeting[edit]
Nodding can also be used as a form of nonverbal greeting or acknowledgement of another's presence; in this context, it is essentially an especially mild form of bowing, with just enough movement to show a degree of respect without additional formality. This includes the traditional downwards nod, or the upwards nod (which is more informal and usually used among friends or subordinates). To increase the formality, the downwards nod may also be accompanied by a suitable verbal greeting.
Nodding syndrome[edit]
Nodding is also a symptom of a yet unexplained disease. It affects mostly children under 15, and was first documented in Tanzania in 1962.[2]
See also[edit]
External links[edit]


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Sustain has called on the Chancellor of the Exchequer to make the Spring Budget count in tackling rising food insecurity for children and childhood obesity alike.
On 3 March, Rishi Sunak presents the 2021 Spring Budget, and whilst most attention will be focussed on continued emergency support for businesses and individuals affected by the current lockdown, and on building back the economy and green jobs, the last 12 months have also put growing food inequalities for children into the spotlight.
In the budget representation made to HM Treasury by Sustain's Children's Food Campaign, we made a series of recommendations that would make a tangible difference for millions of children. Not all were asking Rishi Sunak to spend more money - indeed the successful Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL) is already raising over £300m per year in revenues for children's health. We have called for a review of the lower threshold for soft drinks eligible for the SDIL from 5g to 4.5g per 100ml as well as an inflation-indexed increase, to encourage further sugar reduction by companies, as well as maintaining and increasing the amount raised by the Levy.
When introducing the sugary drinks tax, the government pledged that 'every penny would be spent on children's health'. We must continue to hold government accountable for transparent delivery of this promise. If this recommendation were adopted it would allow for the establishment of a £100 million Healthy Food Innovation Fund to be distributed to support local communities and schools to improve children's access to healthy schools.
On top of that it would also support the further expansion of the National School Breakfast Programme for 2021/22 - current funding is due to expire in July 2021. The Children's Food Campaign is supporting its member organisation Magic Breakfast in calling on the Chancellor to put #BreakfastintheBudget. Their research shows that for every £1 invested in healthy school breakfasts for children in poverty, an additional £50 in economic benefit could be secured as a result of the consequent improvement in health and educational attainment.
Further measures in our budget submission call on the Chancellor to adopt recommendations made in Part One of the National Food Strategy to tackle child food insecurity. These include extending Free School Meal and Healthy Start voucher eligibility to all children from families in receipt of Universal Credit, and maintaining the commitment to Universal Infant Free School Meals. Longer term, we and other organisations have called for a full review of school meal arrangements - recognising the challenges that have arisen in ensuring no child goes hungry in term time or school holidays, and the numbers of children living in poverty who continue to miss out on free school meals and healthy breakfasts. This includes all children from families with No Recourse to Public Funds as a result of their current immigration status - at present eligibility for free school meals has been extended to some but not all of these children, and this must be made more inclusive and permanent. Our submission to the Spring Budget also echoed the calls of many organisations campaigning to #KeeptheLifeline - the £20 uplift to Universal Credit that was introduced in 2020 - in recognition of rising unemployment and evidence of continued household food insecurity.
2 Mar 2021
Children's Food Campaign
Children's Food Campaign: Better food and food teaching for children in schools, and protection of children from junk food marketing are the aims of Sustain's high-profile Children's Food Campaign. We also want clear food labelling that can be understood by everyone, including children.
Latest related news
Children and health organisations urge Prime Minister to restrict online junk food adverts
6 Apr 2021
Support our campaign
Your donation will help us champion children's rights, parent power and government action to improve the food environment children grow up in.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Continuous Wavelet Analysis
You can use the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to analyze how the frequency content of a signal changes over time. For two signals, wavelet coherence reveals common time-varying patterns. For images, continuous wavelet analysis shows how the frequency content of an image varies across the image and helps to reveal patterns in a noisy image.
Use Wavelet Toolbox™ to obtain the CWT of signals and images. You can use the CWT to obtain the wavelet coherence between two signals. You can also reconstruct time-frequency localized approximations to signals.
Featured Examples
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text:
Cynologists believe that that the progenitor of all long-legged terrier breeds was the now extinct Old English Terrier. This branch of the family tree were diggers who worked in the soil, and with few exceptions, had narrow fronts and straight legs placed fairly close together so that when digging, loose dirt would fly between their spread rear legs. The ears of these dogs were also natural and dropped over to prevent flying dirty from entering their ear canals. Form follows function! Did we mention that they were/are diggers?
If you have a picture of your terrier caught in the act – share!


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Definition of the noun Aesopus xenicus
What does Aesopus xenicus mean as a name of something?
Aesopus xenicus is a species of Aesopus, described by Pilsbry & Lowe in 1932.
- synonym: species Aesopus xenicus
- kingdom: Animalia
- phylum: Mollusca
- class: Gastropoda
- order: Neogastropoda
- family: Columbellidae
- genus: Aesopus
Online dictionaries and encyclopedias with entries for Aesopus xenicus
Click on a label to prioritize search results according to that topic:
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Go to the thesaurus of Aesopus xenicus to find many related words and phrases!


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- Annual Meetings
- Snow Links
- Corporate Sponsors
- Contact Us
The UtahMesonet: Monitoring weather conditions over the intermountain west
Submitted by Armida on Mon, 02/11/2013 - 10:23
|The UtahMesonet: Monitoring weather conditions over the intermountain west
|Year of Conference
|Horel, J., Slemmer J., McDonald B., Dunn L., and Zaff D.
|66th Annual Western Snow Conference
|Proceedings of the 66th Annual Western Snow Conference
|Western Snow Conference
|SNOTEL, Weather network, Wind data
The Utah Mesonet has been under development during the past several years. The Mesonet has been designed tohelp forecasters in the Intermountain West obtain current weather conditions in a timely fashion. All available surface reports from manned and automated stations are collected, archived, and displayed at 15-minute intervals. While attention is focussed on meteorological parameters such as temperature and wind, precipitation information is also obtained from sensors installed by the National Weather Service near the Wasatch Mountains as well as information from Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) sites and data collected by the Colorado River Basin Forecast Center.Operational and experimental forecasts of precipitation during January-May 1997 are evaluated over the western United States. The sensitivity of model forecast skill as a function of model horizontal resolution is assessed. Models that resolve the underlying terrain in greater detail (such as the 10 kIn and 29 kIn versions of the Eta model developed at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction) provide better forecasts of orographic precipitation during winter.


text:
Sample required for an examination within an inspection lot.
A Material Inspection Sample corresponds to a physical sample in SAP ECC.
|Software Component Version||ESM ERP 606|
|Business Object Type||Business Process Object|
A physical sample is
examined during the inspection procedure. A sample can be taken
from a material independent of an inspection lot and, if necessary,
be assigned to an inspection lot at a later time.
Material Inspection Sample enhances the material inspection process for processing samples as follows:
Material Inspection Sample supports many of the requirements in
the process industry for documenting and tracking the physical
samples drawn in material inspections.
Material Inspection Sample provides many of the functions for material inspection processing that are typically found in Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) .
A sample from the inbound delivery of a material is taken for a physical-chemical test in a laboratory. Specifications for the sample size and sample drawing are stored in the sample data. The sample inspection scope is in the inspection lot.
Physical sample (synonym in SAP ERP QM)


text: Abstract Background: Much interest has been drawn to the investigation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT)-axis in patients suffering from depression or panic disorder. However, there is no data concerning agoraphobia. Methods: Patients with panic disorder, agoraphobia, major depression were compared to normal controls (total n=88) in respect to HPT axis, obtaining basal TSH and administering a TRH test. Results: Normal controls and agoraphobics showed significantly higher Δ max TSH than depressives and panic patients. There were no differences between agoraphobics and normal controls. Conclusions: Agoraphobia, unlike depression or panic disorder, seems to be less biologically determined in respect to the HPT-axis.


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Greetings, you attended the workshop on tree mortality in Amador County. I want to advise you to be sure to keep track of expenses incurred to remove dead trees. I have consulted with some specialists in taxation and these costs constitute casualty losses that can be claimed on your income tax return provided that you meet certain conditions (loss exceeds 10% of AGI Adjusted Gross Income, and exceeds $100).
I have attached an informational paper on tax consequences of insect killed trees (below). Another option to consider, that is more complicated, is to establish the decline in property value associated with the loss of trees. Of course, if you have larger property with extensive mortality that cannot be captured through salvage, that may qualify for a claimed loss as well.
Richard Harris, Ph.D
Registered Professional Forester 1961
The Tax Implications of Insect Damage
Linda Wang, National Timber Tax Specialist, USDA Forest Service
If your timber are damaged or killed by the insects, unless the situation meets the special exceptions, normal level of damage to the timber is generally not tax deductible. Such losses are considered part of the risk and cost for timber property. To be a deductible loss, historically the IRS has allowed tax deductions on insect damages to the trees under special circumstances. Most often, timber property is uninsured or uninsurable, rendering no compensation or reimbursement from the insurance. The loss of ornamental trees on residential property generally is subject to more restrictions than income-producing (business or investment) timber property even if the loss quality for a tax deduction.
Normal level of timber loss from insect damage is not tax deductible.
The economic loss of the timber from the insect damage will be reflected in the decreased value of the timber. That means your profit will be less when you sell your timber down the road and the taxes that are due will also be less.
For example, Mr. Smith owns 40-acre of woodland and intends to produce income from the timber. However, this year, some trees were gradually killed by insects over a period of several months. Because this is considered a normal level of insect infestation, the loss of timber is not tax deductible. Smith worked with a consulting forester who implemented a plan to manage the timber properly. For his tax records, he adjusted the timber volume in his forest management plan, reflecting the loss of timber volume from the insect attack. The dollar amount in his timber basis, however, stayed the same (i.e., it is not changed by the loss of timber volume from the insects). This is because the basis of his timber in his case was the purchase cost he paid for the timber property five years ago. The loss of timber from the insect damage only affects the volume part of the timber basis.
Deductible Loss from "Sudden, Unexpected and Unusual" Insect Damage (Casualty Loss)
The tax law provides a tax deduction for the damage and destruction of property that is caused by a sudden, unexpected or unusual event, that is, the casualty loss deduction. A "sudden" event is one that is swift, not gradual or progressive. An "unexpected" event is one that is not ordinarily anticipated. An "unusual" event is one that is not a day-to-day occurrence and that is not typical activity. For examples, hurricanes and fires are casualty.
Generally, insect damages seldom qualify as casualty loss for tax purpose, because such damages tend to be gradual or progressive over a period of time rather than sudden. So if the insect damage does not meet the swift and sudden requirement, one can't claim a casualty loss deduction because it is not a casualty.
However, in special cases where the taxpayer was in dispute over whether the timber loss from insect damage qualify for casualty loss, the Tax Court had ruled in favor of the taxpayer. Specifically, the Tax Court granted casualty loss deduction where the ornamental ("yard") trees on residential property were killed by the Southern Pine Beetles (SPB). In the Nelson case, the taxpayer owned six acres of residential property in Texas that contained forty-eight loblolly pine trees. Twenty-four trees died within 5 to 10 days of an epidemic attack by SPB. The SPB epidemic was unexpected in the area. The court held that a casualty loss was allowable. Subsequently, the Tax Court again in the Black case determined that the infestation of trees by SPB is a sufficiently sudden event to be a casualty loss when the ornamental trees died within 30 days of attack. In the Smithgall case where the residential owner lost ornamental trees attacked by the epidemic SPB, the District Court in Georgia held that the tree loss was a casualty.
In light of the court cases, for special situations where ornamental trees were destroyed by onslaught of beetles, the IRS issued guidance that allowed a casualty loss deduction. The death of ornamental trees 5 to 10 days following a massive southern pine beetle attack in an area not known for such massive attacks results in a casualty loss deduction. In other words, the fact that the ornamental trees on the residential property were dead after 5 to 10 days from the attack of the beetles satisfied the suddenness requirement. Also, since there were no known attacks in epidemic proportions of southern pine beetles in the area of the taxpayer's residence prior and after the tax year, the event was both unusual and unexpected.
Note that even if a casualty loss is allowed, the deduction for the residential yard tree loss is subject to more restrictions than the commercial timber, limiting the amount of the write-off. Any insurance received reduces the deductible loss. To figure out the amount of casualty loss deduction due to the destruction of ornamental trees by the insects on residential property, the adjusted basis in the property must be established. The calculation of the loss deduction starts with the fair market value loss, subject to the adjusted basis limit. After that, additional deduction limits ($100 floor and 10% rules) apply to personal-use property such as residence. An appraisal on the value of the entire property before and after the casualty need to be assessed.
To deduct a casualty loss, you must be able to show that there was a casualty and be able to support the amount you take as deduction.
Casualty loss is reported on Form 4684. The appraisal fees are deductible on Schedule A as miscellaneous expenses subject to 2% adjusted gross income reduction.
Unexpected and unusual damage in a Business
Most insect damages to trees do not result in casualty loss deduction due to the lacking of the element of the suddenness. However, in a special case involving a forest product company's loss of trees from an unexpected and unusual insect infestation, the IRS allowed a tax deduction (which is termed "noncasualty business loss"). That is, even if a casualty loss has not occurred, a deductible business loss is available for unusual and unexpected insect damage to the timber used in a trade or business. The taxpayer in this case was a corporation that grows, manages, and harvests pine timber for use in its wood products manufacturing facilities. An unexpected and unusual attack on a stand of merchantable pine trees killed the trees. The IRS ruled that the taxpayer's loss of timber give rise to an allowable business loss deduction when the timber became worthless and bulldozed and burned. Because such loss did not arise from a casualty, it was required to be offsetting capital gains (noncasualty sec. 1231 gains) in most cases. Also, the amount of loss is limited to the adjusted basis in the units that are lost.
In summary, most tree losses from insect damages do not give rise to a tax deduction. Typically such loss of timber from insect infestation do not result in a casualty loss when the damage occurs over a period of time gradually. But the IRS allowed a casualty loss deduction for the death of ornamental trees from an epidemic southern pine beetle attack on residential property. Note that even if the loss to the trees is deductible as casualty loss, the amount of deductions are likely not the fair market value of the timber destroyed due to the basis (usually cost) rule. In another type of special situation, the IRS has allowed noncasualty business tax deduction on timber loss from unexpected and unusual insect attack in a timber trade or business.


Robert Shedinger
Robert Shedinger
Robert Shedinger, associate professor of religion, will present a Luther College Religion Forum Lecture at 6:30 p.m. Tuesday, April 16 in Room 102 of the Franklin W. Olin building on the Luther campus.
His lecture, titled "Radically Open: Transcending Religious Identity in an Age of Anxiety," is open to the public with no charge for admission.
Based on his book of the same title, Shedinger will discuss how modern American society serves to foster the anxiety epidemic and how it prohibits anxiety sufferers' access to the spiritual resources they desperately need. Shedinger's book argues that exclusive claims to religious identity help to foster the anxiety epidemic while submitting oneself to the greater wisdom of the cosmic story holds the key to resolving anxiety.
Talking from experience, he will discuss his personal journey through the darkness of anxiety with the help of the psychology of Carl Jung. Shedinger suggests that Islamic tradition may provide one of the best models for how to overcome the problem of anxiety and creating a more just and sustainable world.
Shedinger holds a master's degree from Eastern Baptist Theological Seminary and a doctoral degree in religious studies from Temple University.
Since the publication of his book in 2009, "Was Jesus a Muslim? Questioning Categories in the Study of Religion," he has been a regular speaker in mosques and Islamic centers across the United States.


George Meredith
Here you will find the Poem Hypnos On Ida of poet George Meredith
Hypnos On Ida
[Iliad, B. XIV. V. 283]
They then to fountain-abundant Ida, mother of wild beasts,
Came, and they first left ocean to fare over mainland at Lektos,
Where underneath of their feet waved loftiest growths of the woodland.
There hung Hypnos fast, ere the vision of Zeus was observant,
Mounted upon a tall pine-tree, tallest of pines that on Ida
Lustily spring off soil for the shoot up aloft into aether.
There did he sit well-cloaked by the wide-branched pine for concealment,
That loud bird, in his form like, that perched high up in the mountains,
Chalkis is named by the Gods, but of mortals known as Kymindis.


Psychology Wiki
Redirected from Motile
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Motility is a biological term which refers to the ability to move spontaneously and actively, consuming energy in the process. Most animals are motile but the term applies to single-celled and simple multicellular organisms, as well as to some mechanisms of fluid flow in multicellular organs, in addition to animal locomotion. Motile marine animals are commonly called free-swimming.
The opposite of motility is sessility.
Motility may also refer to an organism's ability to move food through its digestive tract, i.e., peristaltics (gut motility, intestinal motility, etc.).[1]
Movements can be:
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text:
August 22, 2015
The Popular digital portfolio app Seesaw is now available across different platforms including besides iOS, Chromebooks, Android and the web ( Chrome and Firefox). If you are using Chromebooks in class, Seesaw can be a great tool for students to document what they are learning using a variety of multimedia materials such as text, photos, links, videos and many more. Everything is then uploaded and kept organized for teachers and parents to check.
Here some major features provided by Seesaw:
- Students can use photos, videos, drawings, text notes, links or PDFs to show what they know. You can also import directly from over 100 other apps.
- Teachers can browse work from the entire class or for a single student. Optionally, use folders to organize work by subject area or project.
- Younger learners or classrooms with shared devices can sign in with a QR code. Older students can sign in with their existing Google Account.
- Students can use Seesaw's built-in audio recording and drawing tools to reflect on what they've learned or explain how they got their answer.
- Include families in the learning process by inviting them to view updates to their child's Seesaw journal. Seesaw's immediate, visual updates actually get seen by parents, provide encouragement for students, and cross language barriers.


text:
CFIDS: Stem Cells
The closest and best researched stem cells centers (that infuse autologous, mesenchymal or umbilical cord stem cells) that I know patients have benefited from include:
1) CellTex in Mexico–Which will cost $20-40,000 per infusion plus an initial $5000 evaluation fee;
2) The Stem Cell Institute in Panama. There, the stem cells come from the afterbirth (placenta and umbilical cord) of healthy new born infants. Future patients will also be given their own stem cells derived from belly fat in addition to the afterbirth stem cells.
3) Dr. Estrada in Monterrey who uses umbilical stem cells and also includes ozone treatments for the blood.


text:
Sea Garden Motel Pismo
This blog post about Sea Garden Motel Pismo was posted at March 22, 2017 at 7:24 am. It is posted on the Garden category. Sea Garden Motel Pismo is tagged with Sea Garden Motel Pismo, Sea, Garden, Motel, Pismo..
Seasea (sē),USA pronunciation n.
- the salt waters that cover the greater part of the earth's surface.
- a division of these waters, of considerable extent, more or less definitely marked off by land boundaries: the North Sea.
- one of the seven seas;
- a large lake or landlocked body of water.
- the degree or amount of turbulence of the ocean or other body of water, as caused by the wind.
- the waves.
- a large wave: The heavy seas almost drowned us.
- a widely extended, copious, or overwhelming quantity: a sea of faces; a sea of troubles.
- the work, travel, and shipboard life of a sailor: The sea is a hard life but a rewarding one.
- at sea:
- on the ocean.
uncertain: completely at sea as to how to answer the question.Also, asea.
- follow the sea, to pursue a nautical career: Many boys then dreamed of following the sea.
- go to sea:
- to set out on a voyage.
- to embark on a nautical career.
- half seas over, [Slang.]partly or completely drunk: They came home at dawn, looking half seas over.Also, half-seas over.
- put to sea, to embark on a sea voyage: The expedition is nearly ready to put to sea.Also, put out to sea.
- of, pertaining to, or adapted for use at sea.
Gardengar•den (gär′dn),USA pronunciation n.
- a plot of ground, usually near a house, where flowers, shrubs, vegetables, fruits, or herbs are cultivated.
- a piece of ground or other space, commonly with ornamental plants, trees, etc., used as a park or other public recreation area: a public garden.
- a fertile and delightful spot or region.
- [Brit.]yard2 (def. 1).
- pertaining to, produced in, or suitable for cultivation or use in a garden: fresh garden vegetables; garden furniture.
- lead up or down the garden path, to deceive or mislead in an enticing way;
delude: The voters had been led up the garden path too often to take a candidate's promises seriously.
- to lay out, cultivate, or tend a garden.
- to cultivate as a garden.
Motelmo•tel (mō tel′),USA pronunciation n.
- a hotel providing travelers with lodging and free parking facilities, typically a roadside hotel having rooms adjacent to an outside parking area or an urban hotel offering parking within the building.
Sea Garden Motel Pismo have 7 images, they are Sea Garden Motel - Pismo Beach - United States Of America, Sea Garden Motel, Pismo Beach, Booking.com, Booking.com, Sea Garden Motel, Pismo Beach, Photo Of Sea Garden Motel - Pismo Beach, CA, United States, Booking.com. Following are the attachments:
But grey is just a simple color that seems nevertheless simple to fit with additional colors more distinction. So that the shade Sea Garden Motel Pismo that is chosen works for those who desire to employ neutral colors like less, although white. To have the mixture right colour coloring, you must consider these methods and criteria in choosing color combinations. Select a colour to paint the surfaces a vivid color combinations of dull.
The vibrant colors are designed here is not dazzling brilliant colour, because the impression will be truly created by the color mixture of Sea Garden Motel Pismo with dazzling colors sweaty. Choose shades which can be soft or soft although shiny. Like, light turf green, blue, pink, yet others. Even though the combination with different hues that are better nor forbidden, but you should pick the correct combination.


Legal Dictionary
Legal Definition of divorce
 1. The final, legal ending of a marriage, by court order.
Definition of divorce
 From Old French divorce, from Latin dīvortium, from dīvertere ("to turn aside"), from dī- ("apart") + vertere ("to turn"); see verse.
 - IPA: /dɪˈvoʊrs/, /dɪˈvɔrs/
 - Rhymes: -ɔː(r)s
divorce (plural divorces)
 1. The legal dissolution of a marriage.
 Richard obtained a divorce from his wife some years ago, but hasn't returned to the dating scene.
 2. A separation of connected things.
 The Civil War split between Virginia and West Virginia was a divorce based along cultural and economic, as well as geographic, lines.
 - (legal dissolution of a marriage): divorcement
 - (separation of connected things): partition, separation, severance
to divorce (third-person singular simple present divorces, present participle divorcing, simple past and past participle divorced)
 1. (transitive) To legally dissolve a marriage between two people.
 A ship captain can marry couples, but cannot divorce them.
 2. (transitive) To end one's own marriage in this way.
 Lucy divorced Steve when she discovered that he had been unfaithful.
 3. (transitive) To separate something that was connected.
 The radical group voted to divorce itself from the main faction and start an independent movement.
 4. (intransitive) To obtain a legal divorce.
 Edna and Simon divorced last year; he got the house, and she retained the business.
 - (to legally dissolve a marriage): split up
 - (to separate something that was connected): disassociate, disjoint, dissociate, disunite, separate
Further reading
Divorce or dissolution of marriage is the final termination of a marriage, canceling the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage and dissolving the bonds of matrimony between married persons. In most countries, divorce requires the sanction of a judge or other authority in a legal process.
In western countries, a divorce does not declare a marriage null and void, as in an annulment, but divorce cancels the marital status of the parties. Where monogamy is law, this allows each partner to marry another. Where polygyny is legal, divorce allows the woman to marry another.
Divorce laws vary considerably around the world. Divorce is not permitted in some countries, such as in Malta and in the Philippines, though an annulment is permitted.
The legal process for divorce may also involve issues of spousal support, child custody, child support, distribution of property and division of debt, though these matters are usually only ancillary or consequential to the dissolution of the marriage.
1. scienter
2. quorum
3. AORO
4. adjudication order
5. appellant
6. lex patriae
7. Miranda warning
8. lex causae
9. lex domicilii
10. lex situs


Why Do The Weeds Stay Green?
August 07, 1988
The dormant, drought-burned grass looks like straw, but the weeds perversely remain green and lush. Why? Paul Sorensen, associate professor of biological sciences at Northern Illinois University in De Kalb, explains that weeds' long roots reach down to deeper soils and moisture.
''They have survivability,'' he says. ''That's why they're weeds. Those we recognize as nuisance plants have a great range of tolerance for adverse conditions, such as wind, pests and drought.''
Plants that have a kind of photosynthesis called the C-4 photosynthetic pathway have built-in drought resistance, he explains. Most plants follow the C-3 pathway.
''Many C-4 plants are found in desert environments, closer to the equator, between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn,'' Sorensen says. ''Corn is a C-4 plant. That's why even when corn's leaves curl in the drought, they're still green.
''Crabgrass also is a C-4 plant. We usually get a midseason drought, not as bad as this, but you'll notice that crabgrass always stays green, even when the bluegrass lawn around it turns brown.''
Sorensen points to bluegrass as ''the greatest weed we have. Its adaptability is beyond belief. It's found everywhere except on high cliffs. It's present in woods where there is deep, deep shade. You don't find crabgrass in the woods.'' -


The Grammarphobia Blog
The original martinet
Q: Bill O'Reilly said on Fox News the other day that a man who's a strong leader in America today can expect to be called a bully, a tyrant, a martinet, and other negative terms. Where does "martinet" come from?
A: John Ayto's Dictionary of Word Origins traces the usage back to "the name of Jean Martinet, a 17th-century French army officer who invented a system of drill."
Ayto notes that the first appearance of the term in English—in The Plain-Dealer, a 1677 play by William Wycherley—was a reference to the drill system devised by Martinet, a lieutenant colonel:
"What, d'ye find fault with Martinet? Let me tell you, sir, 'tis the best exercise in the world; the most ready, most easy, most graceful exercise that ever was us'd."
By the 1700s, the term meant a military drillmaster as well as "a rigid, inflexible, or merciless disciplinarian," according to the Oxford English Dictionary.
Here's an example of the more general sense, from Tancred; or The New Crusade, an 1847 novel by Benjamin Disraeli:
"She knew that the fine ladies … were moral martinets with respect to any one not born among themselves."
The most recent OED example is from The White Dove, a 1986 novel by Rosie Thomas (pen name of the British romance writer Janey King):
"The grey, starched martinet in her office lined with bound copies of nursing journals."
As you may be aware, the word "martinet" has had many other meanings since it showed up in English in the early 1400s.
It has meant a bird (a martin or swift), a student at the University of Paris, a watermill, a siege engine, a demon, and a cat-o'-nine-tails once used in French schools.
Why a cat-o'-nine-tails?
The OED suggests that tails of the whip supposedly resembled the forked tail of a swallow (a martin is a swallow). However, we wonder if the name of that 17th-century drillmaster may have influenced the usage.
Help support the Grammarphobia Blog with your donation.
And check out
our books about the English language.


Restart Action—Setting Properties
The Restart action is used to restart either the local machine, or, on later versions of Windows, any machine on your TCP IP network (not supported on Windows 95, 98, or ME).
To set Restart properties
 1. From the Task Builder Available Actions pane, open the Session folder and double-click the Restart action or drag it into the Steps pane.
 2. If you are restarting the local machine, go to step 4.
 3. To restart a remote machine, select Restart a remote computer, and then enter the properties according to the following guidelines:
 4. If you want the system to restart abruptly without allowing any open applications to prepare for shut-down, select Force the system to restart without notifying applications.
 5. To set the Description tab properties, refer to Description Tab Options.
 6. To set the Error Causes and On Error tab properties, refer to Step Error Handling.
 7. When finished, click OK to save settings and close the properties dialog window.
See Also
About Actions
Adding Task Steps
Restart Action


Linux Unbundling Files Using tar
PreviousNext
Introduction
To retrieve files from a bundled tar file.
How to
Use the -x option to extract files from a tar file.
It is usually a good idea to first create a new directory and extract the files in the newly created directory.
This way, you don't mix up files that might already exist in a directory with files from the archive.
This example creates a directory and then copies the tar file into the directory before extracting it:
$ mkdir tarball
$ cd tarball
At this point, it is worth viewing the files in the tar file (using the -t option).
This code shows you the directories that will be created and where scripts will be restored:
$ tar -tvf prodrel.tar
drwxr-xr-x oracle/dba 0 2022-05-10 11:29:53 home/oracle/scripts/
-rw-r--r-- oracle/dba _PHONE_-10 11:14:30 home/oracle/scripts/s2.sql
-rw-r--r-- oracle/dba 22 2022-05-10 11:14:12 home/oracle/scripts/s1.sql
The preceding output shows that the home directory will be created beneath the current working directory.
It also shows that the scripts directory will be created with two SQL files.
Now copy the tar file to the current directory and extract the files from it:
$ cp ../prodrel.tar .
$ tar -xvf prodrel.tar
Here's the corresponding output that shows the directories and files that were extracted:
home/oracle/scripts/
home/oracle/scripts/s2.sql
home/oracle/scripts/s1.sql
You can also use the tree command to confirm the directory structure and files therein:
$ tree
.
 |-- home
 | '-- oracle
 | '-- scripts
 | |-- s1.sql
 | '-- s2.sql
'-- prodrel.tar
Note
The -x option allows you to extract files from a tar file.
When extracting files, you can retrieve all files in the tar file or you can provide a list of specific files to be retrieved.
The following example extracts one file from the tar file:
$ tar -xvf prodrel.tar scripts/s1.sql
You can also use pattern matching to retrieve files from a tar file.
This example extracts all files that end in .sql from the tar file:
$ tar -xvf prodrel.tar *.sql
If you don't specify any files to be extracted, all files are retrieved:
$ tar -xvf prodrel.tar
PreviousNext
Related


The 10 Biggest Cities In Maine
Bangor, Maine.
The US state of Maine is located in the northeastern part of the country. With an area of 79,882 square km and an approximate population of 1,328,361 inhabitants, Maine ranks as the country's 12th smallest state in terms of land area and the 9th least populous. The state is subdivided into 16 counties and contains 488 incorporated municipalities, which include cities, towns, and plantations. There are 23 cities in Maine, while the largest towns are Scarborough and Brunswick, which have populations of 19,524 and 20,441 people, respectively.
The Five Biggest Cities in Maine
1. Portland
With a population of 66,194 people, Portland is the largest city in Maine. In fact, more than one-third of the state's population inhabit the Greater Portland metropolitan area. Portland is located in Cumberland County and is Maine's most important economic center. Tourism and services form the backbone of the city's economy, and its marine industry, which includes commercial shipping and fishing, is also important to the state's economy. The Port of Portland is New England's biggest tonnage seaport.
2. Lewiston
The city of Lewiston is Maine's second most populated city, with a population of about 36,592 individuals. The city is located in Androscoggin County, south of the state capital (Augusta). Lewiston is considered to be one of the safest cities in the region and its cost of living is relatively low. Lewiston is also home to the country's largest French-speaking population.
3. Bangor
4. Auburn
5. South Portland
With a population of 24,002, South Portland is the fifth most populous city in Maine. The city is located in Cumberland County, is situated in Portland Harbor, and overlooks the skyline of Portland. South Portland is a regional center of retail and industry, and is home to the Maine Mall, which is the state's largest and busiest shopping mall.
Capital of Maine
The capital of Maine is not one of the state's most populous cities. The state capital, Augusta, which is also the county seat of Kennebec County, has a population of 19,136 and ranks as the 9th biggest city in Maine. Additionally, Augusta is the country's third least populated state capital.
The 10 Biggest Cities in Maine by Population
RankCityPopulation (2010 Census)
5South Portland24,002
More in World Facts


text:
Class responsible for converting between an object and its id.
This, the default implementation, uses an object's local
ObjectSpace __id__ as its id. This means that an object's identification over drb remains valid only while that object instance remains alive within the server runtime.
For alternative mechanisms, see
DRb::TimerIdConv in drb/timeridconv.rb and DRbNameIdConv in sample/name.rb in the full drb distribution.
Convert an object into a reference id.
This implementation returns the object's __id__ in the local object space.
# File lib/drb/drb.rb, line 379 def to_id(obj) obj.nil?? nil : obj.__id__ end
Convert an object reference id to an object.
This implementation looks up the reference id in the local object space and returns the object it refers to.
# File lib/drb/drb.rb, line 371 def to_obj(ref) ObjectSpace._id2ref(ref) end


text:
A mysterious sinkhole spewing fire and incredible heat has appeared in a Chinese hillside.
Geologists and media have flocked to the desolate mountain on the outskirts of Urumqi, in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in north-western China, since it appeared a few weeks ago.
The heat blasting from the 'ring of fire' has been measured at 792C (1457F) from two metres away, reports People's Daily Online, and is so intense that experts can't get close enough to determine how deep the hole is.
Locals told Chinese media that they had noticed the ground in the area had been warm underfoot for some time.
The hill is not in a volcanic area, and experts from Xinjiang Meitian Geological Bureau think the hole is caused by the layer of spontaneously combusted coal underneath the ground, which leads the surface layer to collapse.
'The phenomenon has existed in the area for a few decades,' Huang Wei, an engineer from the bureau told China Central TV Station.
He added that smoke often comes from under the ground on this hill in the spring and autumn.


Wave Arts Tube Saturator review
 - $150
A circuit modelled tube preamp
TODO alt text
Our Verdict
Tube Saturator's stunning sound makes a convincing argument for circuit modelling being the future of analogue emulation.
 - Cutting-edge software design. Great enhancing effect. Provides limiting when pushed hard. Natural-sounding EQ. Automatic gain when using Drive knob.
 - High CPU hit.
Buying options
Wave Arts' previous output has comprised high-quality mixing, mastering and restoration plug-ins, but its latest, Tube Saturator, finds the company in analogue emulation territory.
Mimicking popular 12AX7-based tube preamp designs, it also includes three-band Baxandall-style EQ, a 'fat' mode for extra grit, and 64-bit internal processing. To achieve all this, Wave Arts has used circuit modelling (on which more later), resulting in a considerable CPU hit.
Although pretty basic to look at, plenty of thought has gone into Tube Saturator's features. First up, the Baxandall EQ has been used because it delivers natural-sounding high and low shelves that are more like gentle slopes than shelves, similar to the tone controls on a hi-fi. There's also a peaking mid band, which is broad and, again, sounds natural.
All frequencies are fixed (100Hz and 1kHz transition frequencies for the shelves and 800Hz centre for the peak) and the gain's range is +/-12dB. Also significant is that the EQ sits before the preamp, enabling it to influence which frequencies are driven.
The 'fat' control modifies the bias of the first triode amplifier, resulting in increased gain and saturation. Finally, increasing the drive increases input gain and reduces output gain, and there's a manual output gain control, if needed.
In use
With completely flat settings, we found that Tube Saturator had no discernible effect, but on cranking up the controls the interrelated nature of things became more apparent. Even with the Drive at zero, switching on the EQ circuit has a subtle effect on the low-end, thinning things out a little. The EQ itself is very pleasing and although the high and low shelves are great for sweetening, we were particularly impressed by the mid-range and its ability to musically boost or cut that often congested area around 800Hz.
Changes are subtle until you crank the Drive up to 4, beyond which there's more obvious even harmonic content. For held sounds, this is perceived as increased higher frequencies. For impulse sounds, such as kicks and snares, this starts out having an enhancing effect, but as you push things further, the saturation limits the peaks, eventually sounding slightly compressed.
Combining EQ and drive can be fun and although the EQ isn't of the parametric variety, we found it possible to sculpt individual sounds quite well. Finally, Tube Saturator is great for treating stereo sounds, such as drum busses and overall mixes, adding even harmonic enhancement and, if pushed, some limiting.
Circuit modelling
Wave Arts' prototype versions of Tube Saturator used typical emulation methods, effectively joining the individual processing functions required. However, this didn't properly represent the interrelatedness of the twin triode preamp design, which led the company to pursue component-level circuit simulation. This uses a set of non-linear differential equations to calculate specific node points in the circuit at each sampling period.
This is very CPU-intensive, and not only that, but the CPU hit is proportional to the number of nodes cubed, so a more complex circuit with twice as many nodes would equate to eight times the CPU hit!
We found that a mono instance of Tube Saturator running at 44.1kHz registered just under a third on the CPU meter for one core of an Intel Mac 3GHz CPU. However, using a stereo instance doubles that, and higher sampling frequencies will multiply it further, so remember that 'freeze' button!
Initially, we were a little sceptical of such a 'boutique', purist plug-in, but we'll admit to being won over by Tube Saturator's wonderful sound. It's ideal for a range of sound-sculpting and mastering jobs and the results demonstrate just how good analogue emulations can be using the circuit-modelling methodology. And if you have a powerful computer, the CPU hit isn't really so debilitating.
Our audio demo features Tube Saturator at work on:
1. Synth bass: gradually increasing drive to maximum, switch in fat mode then reduce drive back to zero. Next, EQ with high, mid and low bands gradual boost then cut. EQ and drive combined to produce a nice enhanced bass sound.
2. Snare drum and kick drum: snare then kick, trying various EQ and drive settings.
3. Drum kit mix: trying various drive and EQ settings to produce a sweetened kit sound.
Only with Computer Music 224


text:
by Alex Boesch, Student Public Relations Writer
The first graduating cohort of Cedarville University's civil engineering program completed senior design projects, including partnerships with Design Outreach and Samaritan's Purse, focused on creating prototypes of service applications for international use.
Each service application from the group of 19 civil engineering students was focused on providing humanitarian assistance.
"One of the main values we want to build into our program is an appreciation for service and missions work," said Dr. David Dittenber, associate professor of civil engineering. "We think it is important to structure our senior projects around service-based engineering."
During the fall semester, seniors worked to gain a background understanding of their assigned engineering problems, then designing an affordable solution. In the Spring, students executed their plans by running experiments and building prototypes.
Projects included a partnership with Design Outreach to create a latrine structure to meet the needs of families in Malawi, a partnership with Samaritan's Purse to design a disaster relief shelter against flooding and cyclones in Mozambique, development
of well drilling testing equipment for the village of Poundioum Senegal and evaluation of ground anchors commonly used for temporary structures in disaster relief scenarios.
Each project culminated in a complete prototype that has potential to be implemented for humanitarian work in other countries or continually developed by the next class of civil engineering students.
Design Outreach is a Christian humanitarian engineering nonprofit organization headquartered in Gahanna, Ohio that focuses on innovative products that improve the lives of the most marginalized and vulnerable people living in developing countries.
The students' project for Design Outreach, when completed, will result in a design for the above ground structural components of a latrine that can interface with the latrine pit liner and slab Design Outreach is working to develop. These technologies
are necessary for equipping a single-family household in Malawi with a reusable restroom that is independent from water. With an approximate lifetime of 20 years, the project could make a significant difference in rural areas of the developing country.
"This is something Design Outreach really wants to see developed," said Dittenber on the LifeLatrine Superstructure project. "We will probably be working on it a second year, taking what the students did and making it cheaper and easier
for Design Outreach to implement prototypes for further evaluation by the summer of 2023."
"These projects are a chance to see what the students are capable of in a non-structured environment," Dittenber noted. "All four of these are projects target problems without a real solution right now. The real benefit for students
is having to tackle a real issue that's taking place on the other side of the world."
Located in southwest Ohio, Cedarville University is an accredited, Christ-centered, Baptist institution with an enrollment of 4,715 undergraduate, graduate, and online students in more than 150 areas of study. Founded in 1887, Cedarville is one of the
largest private universities in Ohio, recognized nationally for its authentic Christian community, rigorous academic programs, including the Bachelor of Science in civil engineering,
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text: Castletownbere is the main town on the Beara Peninsula, a working fishing port and focus of commercial activity of this region. It caters well for the traveller in search of sustenance or a place to stay and time spent in this area is rewarded by unforgettable memories. The ancient landscape bears the signs of human settlement from the earliest times and there is something elemental in the interaction of landscape, light, ocean and mountain. Once again the outdoors beckons at every turn, with fishing, hillwalking, cycling and sightseeing being key activities. The old copper mines at Allihies have a fascinating story to tell dating back thousands of years and the museum there is well worth a visit. The first sight of the village itself from a distance is one never forgotten and on a sunny day the nearby beach is a hive of activity for young and old alike.


text:
Penalties for Inaccuracies: Calculating the penalty: Potential Lost Revenue: Example of allocating overstatements to PLR
You must check the date from which these rules apply for the tax or duty you are dealing with. See You must check the date from which these rules apply for the tax or duty you are dealing with. See for full details.
This example shows how to allocate overstatements against understatements using the stepped approach set out in CH82270.
As a result of a compliance check you establish
- understatements of tax totalling £80,000
- overstatements of the same tax in the same tax period totalling £50,000 (Step 1).
The overstatements are allocated in the following order.
|Nature of inaccuracy*||Amount (Step 2)||Overstatement allocated (Step 3)|
|Inaccuracy despite taking reasonable care||£10,000||(£10,000)|
|Deliberate and concealed||£35,000||(£ 5,000)|
So the net understatement on the return is £30,000.
This order leaves £5,000 of the overstatement to be set against the 'deliberate and concealed' understatement of £35,000, resulting in a penalty for an inaccuracy that is deliberate and concealed to be calculated on PLR of £30,000 (£35,000 - £5000).
*These could be single inaccuracies or grouped inaccuracies, see CH82200.


The mask who wasn't there
Does a visual mask need to be perceptually present to disrupt processing? In this research, we proposed to explore the link between perceptual and memory mechanisms by demonstrating that a typical sensory phenomenon (visual masking) can be replicated at a memory level. Experiment 1 highlighted an interference effect of a visual mask on the categorization of auditory targets and confirmed the multimodal nature of knowledge. In Experiment 2, we proposed to reactivate this mask in a categorization task on visual targets. Results showed that the sensory mask has disrupted (slower reaction times) the processing of the targets whether the mask was perceptually present or reactivated in memory. These results support a sensory-based conception of memory processing and suggest that the difference between perceptual processes and memory processes is characterized by the presence (perception) or the absence (memory) of the sensory properties involved in the activity.
Rey, A.E., Riou, B., Muller, D., Dabic, S., & Versace, R. (2015). The mask who wasn't there: Visual masking effect with the perceptual absence of the mask. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41, 567-573. (pdf)


Important
You are viewing documentation for an older version of Confluent Platform. For the latest, click here.
Automatic Data Balancing
This tutorial runs Confluent Auto Data Balancing (ADB) on Kafka, which allows you to shift data to create an even workload across your cluster. By the end of this tutorial, you will have successfully run Confluent Auto Data Balancing CLI to rebalance data after adding and removing brokers.
Note
In this tutorial, Kafka and ZooKeeper are configured to store data locally in the Docker containers. For production deployments (or generally whenever you care about not losing data), you should use mounted volumes for persisting data in the event that a container stops running or is restarted. This is important when running a system like Kafka on Docker, as it relies heavily on the filesystem for storing and caching messages. For an example of how to add mounted volumes to the host machine, see the documentation on Docker external volumes.
Installing and Running Docker
For this tutorial, Docker is run using the Docker client. If you are interested in information on using Docker Compose to run the images, skip to the bottom of this guide.
To get started, you'll need to first install Docker and get it running. The Confluent Platform Docker Images require Docker version 1.11 or greater.
Docker Client: Setting Up a Three Node Kafka Cluster
If you're running on Windows or Mac OS X, you'll need to use Docker Machine to start the Docker host. Docker runs natively on Linux, so the Docker host will be your local machine if you go that route. If you are running on Mac or Windows, be sure to allocate at least 4 GB of ram to the Docker Machine.
Now that you have all of the Docker dependencies installed, you can create a Docker machine and begin starting up Confluent Platform.
Note
In the following steps, each Docker container is run in detached mode and you are shown how to access to the logs for a running container. You can also run the containers in the foreground by replacing the -d flags with -it.
 1. Create and configure the Docker machine.
 docker-machine create --driver virtualbox --virtualbox-memory 6000 confluent

 Next, configure your terminal window to attach it to your new Docker Machine:
 eval $(docker-machine env confluent)

 2. Clone the git repository:
 git clone _URL_
 cd cp-docker-images

 3. Start the services by using the example Docker Compose file. Navigate to cp-docker-images/examples/enterprise-kafka, where it is located:
 cd cp-docker-images/examples/enterprise-kafka

 4. Start up the services. The Docker Compose file has configuration for one ZooKeeper and 6 Kafka brokers. These brokers are configured to be on 2 racks. We will first start one rack (with 3 brokers) and create a topic with sample data and run the ADB CLI tool to balance the cluster. After this step, we will walk you through a tutorial for adding another rack of brokers and running the ADB CLI tool to rebalance the data across the new added brokers.
 Start ZooKeeper and first rack of brokers using the Docker Compose commands.
 docker-compose create

 You should see the following
 Creating enterprisekafka_zookeeper_1
 Creating enterprisekafka_kafka-6_1
 Creating enterprisekafka_kafka-4_1
 Creating enterprisekafka_kafka-5_1
 Creating enterprisekafka_kafka-2_1
 Creating enterprisekafka_kafka-3_1
 Creating enterprisekafka_kafka-1_1

 Start the services
 docker-compose start zookeeper kafka-1 kafka-2 kafka-3

 You should see the following
 Starting zookeeper ... done
 Starting kafka-2 ... done
 Starting kafka-3 ... done
 Starting kafka-1 ... done

 Make sure the services are up and running:
 docker-compose ps

 You should see the following:
 Name Command State Ports
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 enterprisekafka_kafka-1_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Up
 enterprisekafka_kafka-2_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Up
 enterprisekafka_kafka-3_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Up
 enterprisekafka_kafka-4_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Exit 0
 enterprisekafka_kafka-5_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Exit 0
 enterprisekafka_kafka-6_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Exit 0
 enterprisekafka_zookeeper_1 /etc/confluent/docker/run Up

 Now check the ZooKeeper logs to verify that ZooKeeper is healthy.
 docker-compose logs zookeeper | grep -i binding

 You should see the following in your terminal window:
 zookeeper_1 | [2016-10-21 22:15:22,494] INFO binding to port 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:22181 (org.apache.zookeeper.server.NIOServerCnxnFactory)

 Next, check the Kafka logs for the destination cluster to verify that broker is healthy.
 docker-compose logs kafka-1 | grep -i started

 You should see message a message that looks like the following:
 kafka-1_1 | [2016-10-21 22:19:50,964] INFO [Socket Server on Broker 1], Started 1 acceptor threads (kafka.network.SocketServer)
 kafka-1_1 | [2016-10-21 22:19:51,300] INFO [Kafka Server 1], started (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
 ....

 5. Now that the brokers are up, we will create a test topic called "adb-test".
 docker run \
 --net=host \
 --rm confluentinc/cp-kafka:4.1.5-SNAPSHOT \
 kafka-topics --create --topic adb-test --partitions 20 --replication-factor 3 --if-not-exists --zookeeper localhost:22181

 You should see the following output in your terminal window:
 Created topic "adb-test".

 Before moving on, verify that the topic was created successfully:
 docker run \
 --net=host \
 --rm confluentinc/cp-kafka:4.1.5-SNAPSHOT \
 kafka-topics --describe --topic adb-test --zookeeper localhost:22181

 You should see the following output in your terminal window:
 Topic:adb-test PartitionCount:20 ReplicationFactor:3 Configs:
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 0 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,1,3 Isr: 2,1,3
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 1 Leader: 3 Replicas: 3,2,1 Isr: 3,2,1
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 2 Leader: 1 Replicas: 1,3,2 Isr: 1,3,2
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 3 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,3,1 Isr: 2,3,1
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 4 Leader: 3 Replicas: 3,1,2 Isr: 3,1,2
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 5 Leader: 1 Replicas: 1,2,3 Isr: 1,2,3
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 6 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,1,3 Isr: 2,1,3
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 7 Leader: 3 Replicas: 3,2,1 Isr: 3,2,1
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 8 Leader: 1 Replicas: 1,3,2 Isr: 1,3,2
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 9 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,3,1 Isr: 2,3,1
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 10 Leader: 3 Replicas: 3,1,2 Isr: 3,1,2
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 11 Leader: 1 Replicas: 1,2,3 Isr: 1,2,3
 Topic: adb-test Partition: 12 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,1,3 Isr: 2,1,3
 Topic: adb


text:
The rtc skippatch command excludes load objects, object files and functions from being instrumented by runtime checking. The effect of the command is permanent to each dbx session unless the load object is unloaded explicitly.
Since dbx does not track memory access in load objects, object files, and functions affected by this command, incorrect rui errors might be reported for functions that were not skipped. dbx cannot determine whether an rui error was introduced by this command, so such an error was not suppressed automatically.
Exclude the specified load objects from being instrumented.
Exclude the specified object files and functions in the specified load object from being instrumented.
load_object is the name of a load object or the path to the name of a load object.
object_file is the name of an object file.
function is the name of a function.


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In normal line integration, from what I understand, you are measuring the area underneath $f(x,y)$ along a curve in the $x\text{-}y$ plane from point $a$ to point $b$.
But what is being measured with complex line integration, when you go from a point $z_1$ to a point $z_2$ in the complex plane?
With regular line integration I can see $f(x,y)$ maps $(x,y)$ to a point on the $z$ axis directly above above/below $(x,y)$.
But in the complex case, when you map from the domain $Z$ to the image $W$, you are mapping from $\mathbb{R^2}$ to $\mathbb{R^2}$ is not mapping a point to 'directly above/below' I don't have any intuition of what is happening with complex line integration.
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It is not just that the function is not mapped "above" or "below", that actually doesn't change the intuition much (you can treat the real and imaginary parts separately if that were the only difference). The main difference is that the line elements $ds$ and $dz$ for the two integrations are very different. – Willie Wong Feb 17 '12 at 14:26
Instead of comparing with the scalar line integral, a much closer relative of the complex line integral is line integrals for vector fields. – Willie Wong Feb 17 '12 at 14:28
3 Answers 3
Forget about areas for the moment.
Consider the following situation: At the begin you are at the origin of the $x$-axis and have to compress a spring which is attached far away to the right. Assume that when the left end of the spring is at a given $x\geq0$ then it presses back with force $f(x)$. If the force were a constant $F$ then the work $W$ done when pushing a cart from $x_0$ to $x_1$ along the $x$-axis would be $W=F\cdot(x_1-x_0)$. But in our case the force is variable. When you compress the spring by pushing a cart to the right, and after some time you are at the point $a>0$ then the total amount $W$ of work done in this process is represented by $$W\doteq \sum_{k=1}^N f(\xi_k)\ (x_k-x_{k-1})\doteq \int_0^a f(x)\ dx\,$$ where $0=x_0 < x_1 < \ldots < x_N=a$ is a partition of the interval $[0,a]$, and $x_{k-1}\leq\xi_k\leq x_k$ $\ (1\leq k\leq N)$.
Analogously in the complex domain for the purpose of line integrals you should not consider the given $z\mapsto f(z)$ as a mapping of the $z$-plane to some other domain, but as a "complex scalar field" which defines at each point $z\in{\rm dom}(f)$ a certain "complex force" $f(z)$. For a constant such force $F\in{\mathbb C}$ the "complex work" done when pushing a cart from $z_0$ to $z_1$ along a straight line is given by $F\cdot(z_1-z_0)\in{\mathbb C}$, where $\cdot$ denotes the ordinary product in ${\mathbb C}$.
Assume now that you are given a curve $$\gamma:\quad t\mapsto z(t)\qquad(a\leq t\leq b)\.$$ Then the total "complex work" done when you push a cart along this curve would be represented by $$W\doteq \sum_{k=1}^N f\bigl(z(\tau_k)\bigr)\bigl(z(t_k)-z(t_{k-1})\bigr)\doteq \int_a^b f\bigl(z(t)\bigr) z'(t)\ dt =:\int_\gamma f(z)\ dz\.$$
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As far as I can see, all this answer does is explain the definition of complex integration, and attach the word "complex work" to it. Despite being kind of catchy, I do not see how this conveys any more intuition. How does it relate to "real work"? – Steven Gubkin Aug 31 '14 at 20:46
The most important calculation in all of complex analysis is the following:
$$ \int_C \frac{1}{z}dz = 2\pi i $$
Where $C$ is the unit circle centered at the origin. Let's see if we can understand this integral geometrically. Hopefully this will illuminate the general meaning of the complex integral as well.
Cut the unit circle up into a million tiny directed line segments (all pointed in the "positive" direction). Each one of these is a small change in $z$ along the curve: each one of these is a little "$dz$". The directed line segment from the origin to that point on the unit circle is $z$. For points on the unit circle, $\frac{1}{z} = \overline{z}$ is the reflection of $z$ in the real axis. Remember that complex numbers multiply by multiplying the moduli and summing the arguments. Since if the argument of $z$ is $\theta$, then the argument of $dz$ is $\frac{pi}{2}+\theta$ by geometry (radius is perpendicular to tangent of a circle), and the argument of $\frac{1}{z}$ is $-\theta$. So the argument of $\frac{1}{z}dz$ is $\frac{\pi}{2}$! Also since $|z|=1$, $|\frac{1}{z}dz|=|dz| = ds$, the length of the little line segment. Thus $\frac{1}{z}dz$ is a little line segment of length $ds$ pointing straight up, where $ds$ is the length of a little arc of the circle. In other words, $\frac{1}{z}dz = i ds$ Summing all of these around the unit circle we get $2\pi i$.
Hopefully this picture helps you to visualize all of this:
enter image description here
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Think of it as separately tallying the real and imaginary parts of the function. That is, the path integral
$$ S=\int_C f(z) dz $$ could be written as a sum $S=R+iI$ of the real and imaginary parts $$ R=\int_C \Re[f(z)] dz $$ and $$ I=\int_C \Im[f(z)] dz $$
This works for $n$-dimensional coordinate integration as well, where you are separately tallying each coordinate of the vector-valued function $f$, though by the time you get there you are well on your way to connections on manifolds and the cliffs of insanity.
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text:
Table of Contents
How long does a concrete dam last?
While the dam is expected to last for centuries, engineers predict the structure could last for more than 10,000 years, surpassing most remnants of human civilization if humans were to disappear from the earth.
How long will a dam last without maintenance?
Many dams built during the 1930-70s, an era of intensive dam construction, have an expected life of 50-100 years. Due to inadequate maintenance and/or for environmental reasons, some of these dams will fail or be removed in the next 50 years.
What is the oldest dam still in use?
The Quatinah Barrage or Lake Homs Dam, located in Syria, is the oldest operational dam in the world. The dam was constructed during the reign of the Egyptian Pharaoh Sethi between _PHONE_ BC, and was expanded during the Roman period and between 1934 and 1938.
What's the average life span of a dam?
Quick Look. Similar to other human-made structures, such as roads and bridges, dams require regular maintenance and have a finite lifespan. Many dams built during the 1930-70s, an era of intensive dam construction, have an expected life of 50-100 years. Due to inadequate maintenance and/or for environmental reasons,…
How long are dams like Hoover Dam engineered to last?
It's the little ones you should worry about. Most of the small and medium-sized dams in this country were built to last just 50 years. (Nowadays, from what structural engineers tell me, the typical design life is more like 100 years.)
How old are the dams in the United States?
According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, about 30 percent of the more than 76,000 dams in the United States are older than 50 years — and by 2020, that number will increase to more than 80 percent. That's a lot of old dams, some of which hold back not just water but toxic sediments from early industrial operations.
What kind of dam was built in the 21st century?
The possibility and usefulness of building as many dams in the 21 st century as have been built in the 20 th is analyzed in section six. Gravity dam: a rigid dam, made of masonry or concrete, withstanding water pressure by means of its own weight.


text:
Morphology in WordNet uses two types of processes to try to convert the string passed into one that can be found in the WordNet database. There are lists of inflectional endings, based on syntactic category, that can be detached from individual words in an attempt to find a form of the word that is in WordNet. There are also exception list files, one for each syntactic category, in which a search for an inflected form is done. Morphy tries to use these two processes in an intelligent manner to translate the string passed to the base form found in WordNet. Morphy first checks for exceptions, then uses the rules of detachment. The Morphy functions are not independent from WordNet. After each transformation, WordNet is searched for the resulting string in the syntactic category specified.
The Morphy functions are passed a string and a syntactic category. A string is either a single word or a collocation. Since some words, such as axes can have more than one base form (axe and axis ), Morphy works in the following manner. The first time that Morphy is called with a specific string, it returns a base form. For each subsequent call to Morphy made with a NULL string argument, Morphy returns another base form. Whenever Morphy cannot perform a transformation, whether on the first call for a word or subsequent calls, NULL is returned. A transformation to a valid English string will return NULL if the base form of the string is not in WordNet.
The morphological functions are found in the WordNet library. See morph(3WN) for information on using these functions.
If the word is not found in the exception list corresponding to the syntactic category, an algorithmic process using the rules of detachment looks for a matching suffix. If a matching suffix is found, a corresponding ending is applied (sometimes this ending is a NULL string, so in effect the suffix is removed from the word), and WordNet is consulted to see if the resulting word is found in the desired part of speech.
Verb collocations that contain prepositions, such as ask for it, are more difficult. As with single words, the exception list is searched first. If the collocation is not found, special code in Morphy determines whether a verb collocation includes a preposition. If it does, a function is called to try to find the base form in the following manner. It is assumed that the first word in the collocation is a verb and that the last word is a noun. The algorithm then builds a search string with the base forms of the verb and noun, leaving the remainder of the collocation (usually just the preposition, but more words may be involved) in the middle. For example, passed asking for it, the database search would be performed with ask for it, which is found in WordNet, and therefore returned from Morphy. If a verb collocation does not contain a preposition, then the base form of each word in the collocation is found and WordNet is searched for the resulting string.
Morphy will allow non-words to be converted to words, if they follow one of the rules described above. For example, it will happily convert plantes to plants.
Table of Contents


text:
It is important to analyze edible oils and fats such as palm oil to monitor the levels of potential carcinogens such as 3-MCPD, 2-MCPD and glycidyl ester. As increasing numbers of analyses are required for monitoring food safety the use of an automated liquid handling robot system becomes advantageous for the preparation of samples in the most efficient and reliable manner possible.
The automated high throughput sample preparation system LISSY-MCPD performs four different well-established methods to analyze 3-MCPD (free and ester form), 2-MCPD and glycidyl ester in oil and fat samples. Dependent on the sample matrix or the analytical needs, the methods can be changed from Cd 29a-13 to Cd 29b-13 , to Cd 29c-13 , to EN-779 or any combinations of the AOCS methods with the EN-779. Also other liquid / liquid extraction methods (LL) can be established on the system.
In upgraded versions, combinations of solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid / liquid extraction methods for MOSH, PAH, PCB, AOX, EOX are possible.
The throughput of the single methods is dependent on the workflow itself:
The results from the automated workup have been tested and are comparable with manual methods, with the automated workflow providing better variability.
The combination of a reliable and high-speed robotic sample process and a selection from Zinsser's many unique tools will offer you the opportunity to automate your sample preparation processes for the best benefit of speed, labor-savings, efficiency and accuracy. Please CONTACT US for more information or to configure a system for your own needs.


Android Beacon Library
An Android library providing APIs to interact with Beacons
Home Download Quick Start Sample Code Docs Support
Detecting Beacons After App is Killed
When properly configured, the Android Beacon Library guarantees your app can respond to beacon events, even if the user does not manually launch the app or even if the user kills the app.
Understanding how the details of how this works requires understanding the differences between the five ways to an application can be stopped on Android:
 1. The user hits the back button until the app exits.
 2. The user goes to the task switcher and swipes an app off the screen.
 3. The operating system terminates an app due to low memory.
 4. The user shuts down the phone.
 5. The user goes to Settings -> Applications and requests a force stop.
When a user stops an app in case 1, all of the application's background services remain running, allowing the app to continue responding to beacon detections. When an app stops in cases 2-5, the application's background services are terminated by Android OS, meaning that beacon detections are no longer possible until the the app restarts, at least in the background.
Applications that implement the library's RegionBootstrap class will automatically restart in the background to look for beacons as soon as possible. On Android 4.3-7.x, this restart happens within five minutes of termination using AlarmManager intents, and may also be triggered by other system events including reboot and connecting/disconnecting the device to a charger. Applications implementing the RegionBootstrap will be looking for beacons whenever the device is powered, except for a five minute period after manual termination or after termination due to low memory conditions. On Android 8.0+, it may take up to 25 minutes to detect again after the app is killed. See here for more info.
It is important to note that applications that are automatically started into the background using the RegionBootstrap are usually not visible in the task switcher because no user interface elements have yet been displayed. Only once a user interacts with the app by bringing up its user interface is it available in the task switcher.
Note that this is a subtle difference from the iOS implementation of beacons, which will never detect a beacon again after an app is terminated (on iOS 7.0) or immediately detect an beacon again (on iOS 7.1+). For Android apps using this library as described above, detections are guaranteed to resume within five minutes on Android 4.x-7.x and within about 25 minutes on Android 8+.
When testing beacon detections after a force termination of an app, simply connect/disconnect the device to a charger to immediately be able to resume detections, or wait for the app to resume.
It is important to note that not all means of terminating apps allows them to resume. Terminating an app as described in case 5 above will typically not allow them to resume automatically without starting them manually – this is a limitation imposed by the operating system. On a limited number of Android device models (e.g. BLU Advance 4.0), a custom tasks switcher is implemented in a non-standard way such that killing an app from tasks switcher as in case 2 puts the app into the same state as a force stop described in case 5.


text:
Originally Posted by Kevin45
Not being a smartazz, just curious. How would the rear "come around" if it locked up first? It seems to me if the front locked first, then the rear could come around. That is one of the reasons truckers were unhooking their front brakes, so the rear would pull them to a stop and not jacknife.
Traction is a dynamic situation. When the tire is rolling, the coefficient of friction in the direction of travel is lower than the coefficient of friction sideways. You're rolling in one direction and sliding in the other. This is what allows you to corner. If the tire is locked, you are now sliding in both directions and there is equal traction (or lack thereof) in both the forward and lateral directions. Thus, any minor off-axis force will cause the locked tires to move in a different direction.