Introduction: Simple Solar-powered QRP Transmitter
Picture of Simple Solar-powered QRP Transmitter
For our latest Build Night we received a few Solar Panels from Brown Dog Gadgets. Myself enjoying lots of quality time with lightweight SDR radios decided to prototype a small outdoor digital radio transmitter. At a previous Build Nights we received some fine Spark Core boards. Combining this with an RFM12B radio transmitter occurred to me to be low-power enough to be driven by the solar panel.
Step 1: Setting Up the Spark Core With the Solar Panel
Picture of Setting Up the Spark Core With the Solar Panel
Being located in the inner city in a basement does not bode well for those who want to experiment with solar power. Preparations for expeditions to the surface take a lot of effort, luckily one can do brief measurements while the evil day-star is still strong and work in safety for most of the time.
Our "sophisticated" measurement device helped me to test the electrical output of the solar panel. By measuring the output voltages on the red and the black wire I compared the results against the same solar panel being "driven" by two desk lamps. Both samples (outdoor and desk lamps) varied around 4.5V. That seems enough to drive the Spark Core and the radio.
Step 2: Hooking Up the RFM12b to the Sparkcore and the Solar Panel
Picture of Hooking Up the RFM12b to the Sparkcore and the Solar Panel
Hooking up all the devices is pretty easy, the solar panel is simply connected to the USB port of the Spark Core, and we replace the sun with two desk lamps. The RFM12b and the Spark Core communicate over traditional SPI, so we need to connect 6 wires:
Spark Core pin - RFM pin
========================
A2 - SS
A3 - SCK
A4 - MISO
A5 - MOSI
GND - GND
3.3V - 3.3V
To reduce noise from the active electronic components I placed the radio farther away using a HDD ribbon cable, you could just as well use the breadboard with appropriate wires.
Step 3: Running Code on the Spark Core
To compile the code I wrote we need a cross-compile toolchain for the ARM Cortex M3 platform. I used gcc-linux-arm-gnueabi.
Being somewhat conservative I decided to go with JTAG/DFU for getting my code onto the sparkcore. By default the JTAG/DFU mode on the Cpark Core is not enabled, so after powering it up you have to press the reset button briefly while pressing mode button for at least 3 more seconds, when successful the main LED should flash with yellowish color - the Spark Core firmware GitHub page does a good job of explaining this and to flash your firmware, of course you can also use the cloud-based approach to uploading.
Or use DFU like me, Using the command:
dfu-util -d 1d50:607f -a 0 -s 0x08005000:leave -D tx.bin
I flashed a simple program that sends out the string "Hello World" and a bunch of other binary data every second. See the GitHub page for the code. Anyway, you should make sure that while flashing you have a reliable power-source, you'd probably want to avoid flashing the Spark Core using the cloud while powered by the solar panel.
Step 4: Indoor Testing
Picture of Indoor Testing
After flashing the code to the Spark Core, all there is to make sure the RFM12b and the solar panel is connected and the solar panel gets enough light. For testing the setup indoors two desk lamps were used.
The next day at around ten o'clock I put the Spark Core and the RFM12b in a cardboard box and connected the solar panel to run tests on the transmitter.
Using an RTL-SDR dongle and the HAM radio program linrad, I tuned to the frequency of the RFM12b and was happy to see a strong signal (see black-blue-green images).
After making sure there is a transmission, I set up a signal power sensor on the RTL-SDR, using the command
while true; do rtl_power -f 433.8M:434.2M:8k -c 25% -i 15 -e 10m >>solar.csv; done
This ensured that I know exactly when the radio stops transmitting, and can generate a nice graph out of it using gnuplot. You can enjoy the results of this a few pictures later.
Later during the day I checked again using linrad, and we can see, the afternoon sun providing us with a somewhat weaker but still clear signal.
And then later right after the sun disappeared behind some buildings in the evening, the signal is barely visible.
Finally it faded about 10 minutes later completely and the Spark Core stopped running.
The signal was there all day (see white image; only my radio was tuned elsewhere around 16:00)
Step 5: Decoding the Data
Picture of Decoding the Data
The message the transmitter was sending was "Hello World" followed by 106 bytes counting from 0 upwards, followed by 32 binary zeros, followed by 32 binary ones, tailed by 64 bytes containing the number 85. To receive this message, I connected my RTL-SDR, set up a gnuradio application (see image).
After some tuning on the knobs/sliders I started to see bit-patterns emerging. This demodulated bit-stream is dumped in a file for later processing. The captured bit-stream can be piped through a simple decoder that I wrote. After consulting the Spark Core datasheet and getting the timing right with the Spark Core, the following message was captured and decoded:
'Hello World\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f\x10\x11\x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f !"#$%&\'()*+,-./_PHONE_:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_'abcdefghij\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xd5UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU\n'
Calculating the correct timing involves dividing the clock rate of the Spark Core with the bit-rate of the radio transmission.
Step 6: Resources
All the code that was used on the Spark Core and the demodulator and decoder is available on GitHub.
Comments
fred3655 (author)2015-04-30
I respect using solar panels, but I am experimenting with hand-cranking old cassette tape motors in hope of emergency power for LED lights and tablet or cellphone power for when the sun doesn't shine. I will have to add this to my list of energy efficiency projects. Thanks.
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More by hackbp:Simple solar-powered QRP transmitterOff-the-grid camera beacon with solar panelsSpark.io Alarm Clock with mood light
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text:
. On basis of advanced laser diode tech and constant development of more and more applicable laser modules, laser tech engineer have just developed special industrial laser source in type of parallel line projecting tool of parallel line laser alignment.
Comparing with very simple laser dot, line or cross line laser source, parallel line laser alignment is a totally different performance laser module. Its operation has just paid high attention to its industrial environmental stabilization. When the internal part of parallel line laser module is equipped with qualified optical lens in type of glass cylindrical lens, it is always getting extremely wonderful performance than simple plastic coated lens in constant parallel line alignment operation.
When parallel line laser alignment gets qualified glass lens, it just gets extremely high laser beam transmittance as high as 80%. Even though this parallel line laser is available with quite lower output power of only 5mW, it is still efficient enough to make sure of highly bright and visible parallel line pattern laser beam in distance. According to its very easy connection with external DC input power supply, parallel line laser module begins to work and makes sure of the most rapid parallel line positioning result conveniently.
In practical parallel line pattern laser beam emitting work, this parallel line laser alignment gets formal output power range from 5mW to 100mW. However, in those of long distance parallel line aligning work fields, such as tunnel and bridge construction work fields, parallel line aligning is always required to work at extremely long work distance. As a result, if users are getting special need of parallel line positioning at much longer distance, this parallel line laser alignment is also available from blue violet laser to infrared laser alignment, getting the maximum output power of 1000mW. A high power parallel line laser module is always making sure of the most rapid and accurate enough parallel line pattern aligning and configuration as expected.
Comparing with other simple dot, line or cross line targeting laser alignment tool, this compact laser beam pattern designed parallel line laser alignment just gets special applications in those of industrial laser used fields. Parallel line laser source might be widely applied for clear and accurate parallel line positioning in long distance tunnel through positioning, bridge cranes, paper mills, roller and web handling system, steel mills, and material processing etc. When this parallel line laser module is selected with proper output power and DC power source, it can easily achieve high efficiency measurement precisely and accurately.
From the very beginning design of 532nm green DPSS laser tech, it is not simply developed into presentation tool, such as a green laser pointer, green DPSS laser system. When it is manufactured into quite compact structure device, such as a green laser diode module, it is not only workable for simple presentation tool, but mainly workable for constant green laser dot alignment in all kinds of industrial machinery processing works efficiently. When it gets high attention to thermal emitting performance, it just keeps high stability dot measuring easily and conveniently.
When continuous laser beam is emitting from 532nm green DPSS laser, it is just keeping the lowest laser beam divergence of less than 1mard. The TEM00 laser beam mode cannot only assure its highly bright and visible green laser beam emission, but also making great work for even longer distance dot laser alignment work. When green laser module gets much longer distance dot measuring with the maximum work distanced of 25 meters, it is still efficient enough to get ideal dot aligning accuracy.
This 532nm green laser diode module gets the most advanced adjustable focus design in front of the laser beam aperture. According to very simple screw or twist of laser module head part, it can easily achieve high concentration green laser beam, forming into a quite small diameter green light spot in distance. When the real laser dot alignment is workable at about 3 meters, it can keep super compact size laser dot projection as small as 1mm to 2mm. Within the acceptable dot aligning distance, this 532nm green laser module is getting an adjustable laser dot size among 0.3mm to 30mm.
When the real dot alignment with green laser diode module is operated with low output power of 5mW, it is not only workable for very close distance within your hand reaching, but also making sure of precise enough laser dot alignment in formal room operating occasion. Green laser beam is highly bright and visible, and users should always pay special attention to working environments, thus getting correct output power as expected.
When dark color background is in need of dot alignment, part of 532nm green laser beam might be absorbed, thus green laser diode module with higher output power should be selected so as to get visible enough laser dot alignment efficiently. This industrial alignment laser is getting very compact and durable structure, after proper installation and laser beam focus adjustment, it can easily get high precision dot measurement result clearly.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
What does Bob mean?
The meaning of Bob is "bright fame".
Bob is generally used as a boy's name.
It consists of 3 letters and 1 syllable and is pronounced Bob.
The Given Name Bob
Embraced by many parents, the name Bob, is one of warmth and distinction.
A name fit for a child full of adventure and authenticness, a little trailblazer.
Although unique, your little attractive Bob, is sure to make it a memorable one.
Some famous bearers of this name include: Bob 'The Boomer' Brown, and Bob Acres.
In contrast, the year before it ranked 10,841 in baby name popularity for boys with 6 occurrences. Less than 5 girls were given the name.
The trend's your friend. See how Bob has changed in popularity since 1880 by visiting the Bob Name Popularity Page.
Bob Related Names
- Bob ~ 3 hurricanes
- Bob 'The Boomer' Brown ~ Football Player
- Bob Acres ~ The Rivals character
- Bob Cousy ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Davies ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Dylan ~ Folk Musician
- Bob Feller ~ Baseball Player
- Bob Gainey ~ Ice Hockey Player
- Bob Gibson ~ Baseball Player
- Bob Griese ~ Football Player
- Bob Hawke ~ Australian Prime Minister (_PHONE_)
- Bob Hayes ~ Football Player
- Bob Hope ~ Actor
- Bob Hoskins ~ Actor
- Bob Houbregs ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Kurland ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Lanier ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Lemon ~ Baseball Player
- Bob Lilly ~ Football Player
- Bob Marley ~ Musician
- Bob McAdoo ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Newhart ~ Actor
- Bob Peck ~ Actor
- Bob Pettit ~ Basketball Player
- Bob Pulford ~ Ice Hockey Player
- Bob St. Clair ~ Football Player
- Bob Waterfield ~ Football Player
It may all be in the numbers.
The numbers that make up your child's name.
Numerology may give you some insight.
Children named Bob are often animated and nervous but most of all they are read more >>
Bob Name Fun
Then just follow the diagram below.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Can You Use Electric Drum Brakes on a Boat Trailer
If you have a boat trailer with electric brakes, can you use them on a boat? The answer is yes! You can use electric drum brakes on a boat trailer as long as the trailer has the proper wiring and connectors.
Most boat trailers have the necessary wiring and connectors, but it is always best to check with your trailer manufacturer to be sure.
 - Park your boat trailer on level ground and set the emergency brake
 - Locate the electric drum brakes on your boat trailer
 - These are typically located near the wheels of the trailer
 - Inspect the electric drum brakes for any damage or debris that may be present
 - Clean off any debris that is present and make sure that the brakes are free of any damage
 - Connect the power source to the electric drum brakes
 - This is typically done by connecting a battery to the brake system
 - Apply pressure to the brake pedal to engage the electric drum brakes
 - The amount of pressure required will vary depending on the specific model of boat trailer you have
Can You Use Electric Drum Brakes on a Boat Trailer
Credit: boatingworld
Can Electric Trailer Brakes Be Used on Boat Trailer?
Yes, electric trailer brakes can be used on boat trailers. In fact, many people believe that electric trailer brakes are a better option for boat trailers than hydraulic brakes. There are several reasons for this belief.
First, electric trailer brakes are less likely to overheat than hydraulic brakes. This is because the electric brake pads do not have to rub against the rotor to create friction and generate heat. Second, electric trailer brakes provide more stopping power than hydraulic brakes.
This is because the electric motor in the brake caliper applies more force to the brake pad than the fluid pressure in a hydraulic system can generate. Third, electric trailer brakes are easier to maintain than hydraulic brakes. This is because there are no fluid leaks in an electric brake system and the pads and rotors will last longer since they are not exposed to as much heat and wear.
What Kind of Brakes Do Boat Trailers Use?
Most boat trailers use disk brakes. These are the same type of brakes that are found on cars and trucks. The disks are made of metal and they sit inside a caliper.
When the brake is applied, hydraulic fluid is sent to the caliper which squeezes the pads against the disk. This creates friction which slows down the wheel and eventually stops it from spinning. Some boat trailers also use drum brakes.
These work in a similar way to disk brakes but instead of using a metal disk, they have a drum that sits around the wheel. When the brake is applied, hydraulic fluid is sent to the cylinder which presses against the drums. This creates friction which slows down or stops the wheel from spinning.
Can Electric Brakes Be Added to a Trailer?
Electric brakes are a great addition to any trailer. They provide better stopping power and can help to prevent jackknifing. They are easy to install and maintain, and they don't require any extra space on your tow vehicle.
How Do You Install Electric Brakes on a Boat Trailer?
If you're looking to install electric brakes on your boat trailer, there are a few things you'll need to take into account. First, you'll need to determine which type of electric brake controller is right for your trailer. There are two main types of controllers- proportional and time-delayed.
Proportional controllers provide instant braking power when the tow vehicle slows down or stops, while time-delayed controllers build up braking power over a short period of time before engaging the brakes. Once you've selected a controller, you'll need to install it in your tow vehicle. The installation process will vary depending on the make and model of your vehicle, so be sure to consult your owner's manual or an experienced professional for help.
With the controller installed, you can now wire the brakes themselves. Again, the exact process will vary depending on your specific setup, but in general you'll need to connect the brake wires from the controller to the positive and negative terminals on each brake assembly. Once everything is wired up correctly, give the system a test by slowly applying pressure to the brake pedal and observing how the brakes respond.
If all goes well, congratulations! You've successfully installed electric brakes on your boat trailer!
Electric trailer brakes explained | boatsales
Disc Or Drum Brakes for Boat Trailer
If you have a boat trailer, you may be wondering whether to use disc or drum brakes. There are pros and cons to both types of brakes, so it's important to understand the differences before making a decision. Disc brakes are more expensive than drum brakes, but they offer better braking performance.
Disc brakes are also less likely to overheat, which can be an issue with drum brakes if you're doing a lot of stop-and-go driving. Drum brakes are less expensive and typically require less maintenance than disc brakes. They may not provide as much braking power as disc brakes, but they can be adequate for most boats and trailers.
Ultimately, the decision of which type of brake to use on your boat trailer is up to you. Consider your budget and driving habits when making your choice.
Conclusion
If you're looking to upgrade your boat trailer brakes, you might be wondering if electric drum brakes are an option. The short answer is yes – electric drum brakes can be used on a boat trailer. However, there are a few things to keep in mind before making the switch.
For one, electric drums tend to be more expensive than hydraulic or mechanical brakes. You'll also need to make sure that your tow vehicle is compatible with electric brakes. But if you're set on using electric brakes, they can definitely be used on a boat trailer – just be prepared for a higher upfront cost.
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Exporting error logs
Error logs help to resolve support cases more quickly and pinpoint any problems more quickly.
You can export error logs either on the login screen (Error Files button) or in the AXM bar (Download error files button).
The following description explains how to export the error logs using the AXM bar:
 1. AXM Lite open.
 1. Click the orange AXM button .
 2. AXM bar opens.
 3. Select the Download error files entry in the INFO & HELP group.
 4. The Explorer window will open.
 5. Save the error log (file extension: .zip) to a file directory of your choice.
 1. The error log is now exported.


text:
Columbia in Richland County, South Carolina — The American South (South Atlantic)
Fort Jackson Elementary School / Hood Street Elementary School
Fort Jackson Elementary School was one of the first public schools in S.C. to desegregate when classes began on September 3, 1963. The first school on post and one of the first permanent buildings at Fort Jackson, it was built in only three months. A new federal policy required all schools on military bases to admit African-American students instead of sending them to separate schools off-base.
Hood Street Elementary School
This school opened under Principal Thomas Silvester with nine civilian teachers and 245 students in Grades 1-6. A newspaper article described it as "operated without regard to race, creed or color." Fort Jackson Elementary School, later renamed Hood Street Elementary School after additional schools opened on post, has served the families of Fort Jackson servicemen and servicewomen for more than 45 years.
Erected 2009 by Fort Jackson, United States Army. (Marker Number 40-??.)
Topics. This historical marker is listed in this topic list: Notable Buildings. A significant historical month for this entry is September 1861.
Location. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Columbia SC 29207, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. Bridge at Remagen Stone (approx. 0.6 miles away); 31st Inf Division (approx. 0.6 miles away); 30th Inf Division (approx. 0.7 miles away); 8th Infantry Division (approx. 0.7 miles away); 4th Infantry Division (approx. Ύ mile away); 106th Inf Division (approx. 0.8 miles away); 108th Division (approx. 0.8 miles away); Darby Field (approx. 0.9 miles away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Columbia.
Credits. This page was last revised on December 5, 2020. It was originally submitted on September 6, 2012, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina. This page has been viewed 628 times since then and 18 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. submitted on September 6, 2012, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina.


text:
Completeness of Birth Registration in the United States in 1940
The article describes in details the steps taken to assess the completeness of birth registration in the US in 1940, by comparing infant cards (cards with information about the children born in four months before the 1940 US population census) with registration records in each State. The assessment shows that most of the US States were able to maintain 90% and above level of registration, while some are below 90% coverage.
The article was prepared by Robert F. Lenhart in 1943 and published on American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 33, June 1943, Pages 685-690.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


How do I add contactless key tags?
There are 2 contactless key tags supplied with the Yale Unity Entrance Lock. A contactless key tag can be added to the lock via the Yale Access App. Follow the steps below;
 1. Tap the guest list icon.
 2. Select invite
 3. Select contactless Key Only
 4. Name the contactless key
 5. Select the lock that the contactless key will be paired too.
 6. Wait for the Bluetooth connection to the lock
 7. Have the contactless key ready
 8. Once prompted by the app, tap the contactless key on the contactless key reader on the front of the lock.
Once a contactless key is created the access can be set.
 - 'Always', for unlimited access for kids and family members
 - 'Reoccurring', for someone like a service person; for example, every Monday at 10am
 - 'Temporary access' for a limited date a time period you choose, once the set time ends, keys are automatically deleted so they can never be reused.
All keys can be deleted at any time for any reason.
Click ok when you're done.


Image folder contains no images
Apprentice: My Life in the Kitchen (Pepin) - Discussion Questions
Discussion Questions
How to Discuss a Book (helpful discussion tips)
Generic Discussion Questions—Fiction and Nonfiction
Read-Think-Talk (a guided reading chart)
Also, consider these LitLovers talking points to help get a discussion started for The Apprentice:
1. What personal and professional qualities does it take to become a top chef? How difficult is the road to earn the title "chef"? What would you say has made Jacques Pepin so successful?
2. Why does Pepin turn down a job as White House chef to stay with Howard Johnson? What does it say about the kind of person Pepin is? And what does the experience working at HoJo's gain him—what does he learn?
3. Why does Pepin turn to teaching and writing? What does he hope to achieve in the classroom or through books?
4. What has The Apprentice taught you about the different approaches to cooking? Have you learned any new culinary techniques that could be useful in your own kitchen?
5. Pepin shares part of the insider's world of cooking personalities. Talk about some of those culinary figures and some of the anecdotes.
6. For book clubs, have members cook and serve some of the recipes found in the book. Talk about which ones you like best.
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LitLovers © 2015


text:
BERLIN -- Many dishes claim to be part of a people's heritage – but few have their own museum.
In Germany, currywurst, the traditional proletarian snack of sliced pork sausage swimming in a curry-tomato sauce, merits a memorial.
Currywurst is as German as pizza is Italian, hot dogs are American, and fish and chips British. This month, the dish was immortalized in the new Deutsches Currywurst Museum in Berlin, a sausage shrine dedicated to all things currywurst, including sausage sofas, a curry "spice chamber" and a movie montague of all-time currywurst cameos. The museum opened commemorating the dish's 60th birthday.
What's all the craze over a seemingly simple concoction?
No two Germans will likely agree on the perfect currywurst. Some like theirs with the sweet taste of Indian curry, others with a touch of mustard powder, and still others with a hot chilli or lemongrass-flavored curry. Then there's the matter of how you take your currywurst -- with French fries, white bread or a whole-grain loaf. There's just one no-no: ketchup. Germans consider it uncultured and inauthentic. But regardless of the various varieties and debates on which currywurst stand takes top dog, all will agree that dish is an integral part of German culture.
Many claim to have invented currywurst, but the Deutsches Currywurst Museum traces it back to post-war Berlin in 1949, when the city still lay in shambles. At the time the dish was known as "poor man's steak" because most Germans couldn't afford a proper chunk of meat, says Birgit Breloh, who heads the museum. "The unusual flavor was a welcome change of what limited diet options there were," she says.
Fancy spices such as curry were in extremely short supply in Berlin. Although the Soviet Union had abandoned its blockade to the city that year, supplies and ingredients were still hard to come by. (1949 was also the year Germany enacted the constitution, the Grundgesetz, which laid the democratic groundwork for partnership with Western allies.)
Where to Eat Currywurst
Snack Point 3
Berger Strasse 80
+49(0)69 _PHONE_
+49(0)30 _PHONE_
Schönhauser Allee 44a
+49(0)30 _PHONE_
+49(0)30 _PHONE_
Bier's Kudamm 195
But, according to currywurst legend, a witty German housewife named Herta Heuwer got her hands on some English curry by trading it against spirits with parched British soldiers. "Heuwer was one of the typical rubble women," Ms. Breloh says, speaking of women who cleared the debris of Germany's war-torn cities.
Experimenting with the spice in her kitchen, Ms. Heuwer soon concocted the cheap yet filling dish now known as currywurst: grilled sausage, sliced, with a gravy-like sauce containing English Curry and stewed tomatoes. At a time when Germany was a changing nation, this meal was fitting -- comfort topped with a hint of exoticism.
Ms. Heuwer started selling her dish from a street stand on the fringes of what was to become Berlin's red-light district. Construction workers and laborers were quick to warm up to it: Currywurst was different, yet still strangely familiar, and above all affordable -- Ms. Heuwer sold it for 60 pfennig a portion, about $0.50 today.
Her quick success allowed her to give up the street stand and move into a small restaurant in the red-light district. For years, it had a reputation for serving celebrities such as Harald Juhnke, Germany's answer to Frank Sinatra, until it closed in 1974.
Currywurst took off beyond Mr. Heuwer's kitchen, too. Knock-off stands and restaurants mushroomed across Berlin and into other cities. But they were all guesses at the original recipe -- Ms. Heuwer never revealed the secret to her addictive sauce. "She took it with her to her grave when she died in 1999," Mr. Breloh says of the recipe. "She didn't even tell it to her husband."
She also resisted the generous bids of the mass-production food companies. In fact, no company has been able to industrialize currywurst. German engineers were quick to develop sausage slicing machines, but there is no McCurrywurst, nor a Currywurst King chain. One explanation: Currywurst is as much about your most trusted street vendor, his signature sauce and the people you meet there, as it is about the food itself.
"Currywurst has huge social implications," says Ms. Breloh, a trained sociologist. "In the end, there is no such thing as the currywurst -- every one likes the dish differently." Indeed, walk into any German pub and it's sure to be a conversation starter, if not a hotly contested topic of debate.
On a cultural level, the dish came to represent the everyday German. Currywurst became the de facto refreshment of countless inspectors in German thrillers. Herbert Grönemeyer, the actor best known for his role as Lieutenant Werner in "The Boat," dedicated a popular song, aptly named "Currywurst," to the snack. Politicians looking for a bit of street cred started posing in pictures with the dish -- a sign that they were one with the proletariat. When the federal government moved from Bonn to Berlin in 1999, Germany's then-chancellor, Gerhard Schröder, the first to govern out of Berlin, loved to picture himself as a currywurst aficionado.
Today, about 800 million currywurst dishes are sold in Germany each year, the Currywurst Museum says, at street stands and high-end restaurants alike. Currywurst vendors vie to stand out and create a following. At the upscale Bier's Kudamm 195, a celebrity-favorite hangout, the dish is served on chinaware and with a glass of champagne on request. Witty's at Wittenbergplatz only uses organic ingredients. At Curry 36 in Berlin's bohemian Kreuzberg district, customers queue day and night for a version deemed particularly aromatic and tangy.
In East Berlin -- yes, currywurst even survived the divide of the country after the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 -- the most famous vendor is Konnopke's. It is located on a congested crossroad, under a metro-rail bridge. But you'll find that the dish is slightly different in the East: The sausage is often softer because it lacks casing. "That's simply because [sausage casing] wasn't available under socialism," Ms. Breloh explains.
Now, star chefs such as Daniel Boulud are even putting currywurst on their menus. At Mr. Boulud's new French-American brasserie in downtown Manhattan, DBGB Kitchen, he serves the dish with a turnip confit for $12.
"I grew up on currywurst," says Andre Wechsler, a native German who recently opened a currywurst restaurant in New York's East Village, Wechsler's (see video). Mr. Wechsler, who was previously in finance and moved to New York six years ago, worked with his German friends to develop the perfect sauce. Of all things German, "I just missed currywurst," he says.
Write to Roman Kessler at _EMAIL_


text:
On behalf of Gov. Mark Schweiker, Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Secretary David E. Hess announced that this month's episode of the Emmy-award-winning television series GreenWorks for Pennsylvania features stories about people working to protect Pennsylvania's watersheds.
"Raising awareness of the role watersheds play in our environment is one of the cornerstones of Pennsylvania's 'Growing Greener' program," Hess said. "The current episode of GreenWorks features people of all ages learning about, protecting and restoring Pennsylvania's watersheds.
GreenWorks, produced in a video-magazine format, takes viewers across the Commonwealth to spotlight people doing positive things for the environment. GreenWorks is supported by DEP and the Environmental Fund for Pennsylvania (EFP). The current episode runs through October. This month's episode includes these features.
* The Radnor Middle School Watershed Program in Delaware County, which takes students out of the classroom and into the field to learn about watersheds first hand.
* Members of the Delaware RiverKeepers, who worked on mitigating stream bank erosion by clearing, regrading and covering a stream bank with a biodegradable mesh of coconut fibers allowing native plants to regain a healthy foothold.
* The Pottstown Watershed Alliance, which removed an old dam in the Manatawny Creek in Pottstown, Montgomery County, to improve water quality.
* Members of the Swatara Creek Watershed Association and DEP staff, which cleaned up 33 acres of abandoned mine drainage in Schuylkill County.
* The River Sojourn 2001, where people from all walks of life canoed and kayaked on Pennsylvania rivers to connect with and appreciate the beauty and power of the state's natural water resources.
"We all depend on rivers and watersheds for drinking water and more," EFP Executive Director Timothy J. Schlitzer said. "I hope this program will deepen viewers' understanding and respect for what it takes to protect our precious waterways."
EFP funds environmental education and improvement projects from contributions made through employee payroll-deduction programs established by businesses and the Commonwealth and other donations.
The series reaches more than five million households in Pennsylvania through 83 cable television stations as well as the Public Broadcasting Service.
For a listing of stations carrying GreenWorks and information on particular broadcasts, visit the GreenWorks website through the PA PowerPort at _URL_, directly at _URL_, or call EFP at 1-800-PAGREEN ext. 1.


text:
the most important location in the grave. Bread deposits often coincide in the Birka graves with Thor's hammer rings also made of iron, sometimes with metal pendants. These are usually associated with ideas of fertility and resurrection. Prehistoric bread probably had a similar symbolic function following a very widely established tradition (Eliade 1958 ; Camporesi 1993).
19Bread was consumed in many parts of the prehistoric /early medieval world (Währen 1963,1967,1978 ; Fechner 1992, 1996 ; Samuel 1994). Turning to the future, let us hope for continued bread findings and with them the possibility to perform an increasing variety of analyses which will enable us to better interprete the important role of bread, both as an everyday food and as a vital symbol-bearer within society.
Fig. 1 : Map showing the locality of Sweden's two most lucrative sites of ancient bread : Birka and Helgö, situated on islands in Lake Mälaren, east central Sweden. CAD drawing Kjell Persson, ARL, Stockholm University.


Dev
How to use factory-based middleware activation in ASP.NET Core
When building an ASP.NET Core application, you can draw on various middleware components to inspect, route, or modify the request and response messages that flow through the pipeline. You can also write your own custom middleware in ASP.NET Core.
Usually, you have a chain of middleware components in the application pipeline in ASP.NET Core. In this article, we'll examine middleware in ASP.NET Core and how we can work with the convention-based and factory-based approaches.
To use the code examples provided in this article, you should have Visual Studio 2022 installed in your system. If you don't already have a copy, you can download Visual Studio 2022 here.
Create an ASP.NET Core 7 Web API project in Visual Studio 2022
First off, let's create an ASP.NET Core 7 project in Visual Studio 2022. Follow these steps:
 1. Launch the Visual Studio 2022 IDE.
 2. Click on "Create new project."
 3. In the "Create new project" window, select "ASP.NET Core Web API" from the list of templates displayed.
 4. Click Next.
 5. In the "Configure your new project" window, specify the name and location for the new project.
 6. Optionally check the "Place solution and project in the same directory" check box, depending on your preferences.
 7. Click Next.
 8. In the "Additional Information" window shown next, leave the "Use controllers (uncheck to use minimal APIs)" box checked. We won't be using minimal APIs in this project. Leave the "Authentication Type" set to "None" (the default).
 9. Ensure that the check boxes "Enable Open API Support," "Configure for HTTPS," and "Enable Docker" remain unchecked as we won't be using those features here.
 10. Click Create.
We'll use this ASP.NET Core 7 Web API project to work with factory-based middleware activation in the sections below.
Understanding middleware in ASP.NET Core
Middleware are the software components that comprise the request/response processing pipeline in ASP.NET Core. Incoming requests flow through each middleware component in the pipeline, and each of those components can either process the request or forward it to the next component in the pipeline.
There are lots of things middleware can do, including authentication, authorization, logging, exception handling, routing, caching, and response compression. You can modularize the functionality of your application into individual components and add, remove, or rearrange middleware to tailor the request and response processing pipeline to your application.
Traditionally, you had to configure your middleware components using the UseMiddleware extension method in the Startup class or the Program.cs file when using a newer version of ASP.NET Core. In contrast, factory-based middleware activation lets you define and configure middleware components using factories, which provide greater flexibility in activation.
Note that if you don't write your custom middleware factory class, the default middleware factory will be used. In ASP.NET Core, you can activate your middleware in two different ways: convention-based middleware activation and factory-based middleware activation. Let's now examine both approaches.
Convention-based middleware in ASP.NET Core
Convention-based middleware activation in ASP.NET Core is a feature that allows you to automatically apply middleware to the request/response pipeline based on predefined conventions, rather than explicitly configuring each middleware component. The following code listing illustrates how you can create a convention-based middleware component.
public class ConventionalMiddleware
 {
 private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
 public ConventionalMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
 => _next = next;
 public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
 {
 Trace.WriteLine("Inside the Conventional Middleware.");
 await _next(context);
 }
 }
You can add this middleware to the request processing pipeline usng the following piece of code in the Program.cs file.
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();
app.UseMiddleware<ConventionalMiddleware>();
app.Run();
Factory-based middleware in ASP.NET Core
Factory-based middleware activation in ASP.NET Core provides a more flexible and dynamic way to configure and activate middleware components. With factory-based middleware activation, you can customize the middleware instantiation process based on your application's needs.
Factory-based middleware allows you to inject dependencies having a scoped lifetime using the constructor of the your middleware class—a feature not supported by convention-based middleware. A scoped lifetime means that the service is created once per client request, and disposed at the end of the request.
Factory-based middleware has the following advantages over traditional-style or convention-based middleware:
 - While convention-based middleware is created once when starting the ASP.NET Core application, factory-based middleware is created with each request.
 - Because factory-based middleware provides per-request activation support, you can inject scoped services into the middleware's constructor.
 - Factory-based middleware promotes strong typing of the middleware type.
To use factory-based middleware activation, you should follow the four steps outlined below.
 1. Create a class that represents your middleware component and implements the IMiddleware interface.
 2. Implement the InvokeAsync method in your middleware that defines the logic for the middleware.
 3. Add the middleware to the DI container using the AddSingleton or AddScoped method.
 4. Configure the middleware pipeline by using the UseMiddleware extension method and specifying the type of your middleware component.
The following code listing illustrates how you can write a factory-based middleware component.
 public class FactoryActivatedMiddleware : IMiddleware
 {
 public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context,
 RequestDelegate next)
 {
 Trace.WriteLine("Inside the Factory Activated Middleware.");
 await next.Invoke(context);
 }
 }
You should register the middleware in the services container using the following piece of code.
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddTransient<FactoryActivatedMiddleware>();
You can now add this middleware much the same way we added middleware in the convention-based middleware example.
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();
app.UseMiddleware<FactoryActivatedMiddleware>();
app.Run();
Each call to the UseMiddleware extension method checks whether or not the middleware implementation in question conforms to the IMiddleware interface. If this condition is met, the instance of IMiddlewareFactory registered in the service container is used to resolve the IMiddleware interface implementation instead of the convention-based middleware implementation. This middleware is registered as a transient or scoped service within the services container.
The IMiddlewareFactory interface defines two methods, namely the Create(Type) and Release(IMiddleware) methods. While the Create(Type) method is used to create a middleware instance for each request, the Release(IMiddleware) method releases an IMiddleware instance at the end of a request. The default implementation of the IMiddlewareFactory is available in the Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.MiddlewareFactory class.
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text:
AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT
AT THE SPEED
The Brillouin Optical Scanner System, or BOSS™
A revolutionary way to measure biomechanics.
Using non-contact, point-by-point capture and proven Brillouin principles, BOSS provides new and useful data for understanding the structure of tissues within the eye. BOSS works by using light energy to measure reverberations through a depth of tissue.


text:
Black History: Special Delivery!!
John Francis (1946 – ) is known as the Planet Walker. Francis witnessed a massive oil spill in the San Francisco Bay in 1971. He was deeply impacted the event. It caused him to reflect on how as a society, we are so dependent on oil for transportation Francis decided that he would no longer use any sort of motorized transportation. For 22 years, he walked everywhere. His travels would take him across the United States and most of South America. He hoped that his efforts would highlight American dependence on oil and petroleum.
Continue reading "John Francis: An African American Environmentalist and "Planet Walker""


text:
We see them every year! The classic Halloween ghost. You know, the sheet ghost? Some kids even dress up as ghosts for a Halloween costume as well. The main purpose of this tutorial serves to help anyone of any artistic level learn how to draw a simple and somewhat cute sheet ghost!
This is a very basic tutorial and is probably one of my easiest ones to follow.
A sheet ghost usually head a round, half moon shaped head.Start by drawing the shape of the ghost's head. This is simply a head shaped formation at the top of your paper.
Next, from the bottom of the head, draw the full outline of the ghosts head. This is only a sheet ghost so think of how a sheet is. It's usually long and flowy. Simply draw it as if there were a small child underneath the sheet.
Draw the folds or lines representing the sheet's wrinkles. A sheet ghost isn't going to sit like a flat board, it's going to flow in the air. :)
Continue to add several more creases on your sheet. Try not to overdue it if you can help it.
Now that the sheet is completed, add some more depth to the crease lines. Since our sheet looks kind of plain on its own, we're going to draw some fine sketch lines along the sheet's creases. This will give the drawing thus far more of a "popping out" appearance.
Lastly, draw the face of your ghost. You may draw a face similar to the one I have here, but if you want to be more original, I will leave that up to your imagination. That's all! I hope you found this tutorial to be both fun and educating. Happy drawing!
Shawnte (author) on October 15, 2012:
Thanks! :D glad you like it ^^
DragonBallSuper on October 15, 2012:
I love it!! soo neat!


text:
Scientists at Rochester University uncovered a new use of power laser beams. The new method can easily convert regular metal surfaces into super-hydrophobic.
The incredible waterproof treatment can make metal so hydrophobic that it bounce water drops back. Scientists employed laser technique to cut a nanostructure on the metal.
Chunlei Guo, professor of optics and physics at UR states that scientist altered the nature of the metal surface so that it can easily repel water.
The new laser technique will allow metal surface to absorbs light but repel water. Hence, Scientists can effortlessly apply the new technique on countless things such as non-sticking cooking equipments. It can also be used as a low maintenance device for light collector technologies like sensors and solar power devices. Developing countries can utilize it for rain water collection in dry climate regions.
Guo says devices created with this kind of material can would be relatively powerful and easy to maintain. Unlike coated surface, the new material would not rub off after sometime.
The Bill & Melissa Gates Foundation and Air Force Office of Scientific Research have provided funds for the research. They gave a large amount of $620,000 and $750,000 respectively.
The chief aim of Bill Gates is to find better ways of sanitation for developing countries. The majority of the third world countries complain about the shortage of water supply.
The research is printed in detail in the Journal of Applied Physics.


Zehnder Communications, Inc.
Banks and Customers: Do They Really Have Relationships? Zehnder Turns the Question Around And Finds a Few Surprises
In a post-digital world, retail bankers realize the future of their industry is not one of pure technology. While smartphones and websites certainly have changed the banking landscape, research shows a rising demand for multi-channel service – a mix of mobile, digital, call center and in-person options.
Despite the increased role of technology, the sense of personal relationship between bankers and customers is still a relevant issue. Indeed, through our agency's work in the retail banking space, we see the multi-channel model essentially ensuring that personal relationships will remain relevant.
Do those kinds of relationships exist? Many bankers say they do, but what about customers? How does each side perceive its relationship with the other, and how well do they match up?
In other words, is there a difference between what bankers see as their customers' priorities and what customers say their priorities really are?
By placing just a slight twist on the question, we found some meaningful and eye-opening results between both bankers and consumers.
So what exactly did we do? In September 2018, Zehnder conducted an online survey of 500 respondents ‒ 400 consumers, as well as 100 bankers with varying levels of decision-making power ‒ all distributed equally in the South, West, Northeast and Midwest.
Our survey was built around four main questions:
 - Would you say you have a personal relationship with your bank?
 - If you do not have a personal relationship with your bank, what reason would prompt you to start one?
 - How comfortable would you be if your bank does not have a physical location?
 - How much do you trust a bank with no physical location?
There were some notable exceptions, but the results showed that bankers were generally much more convinced of relationships than customers ‒ more than 80 percent of bankers compared to 56 percent of consumers.
Among consumers, perceptions differed along a number of criteria. Older customers and males were more likely to perceive a relationship, while females and younger customers were not.
Interestingly, attitudes varied especially among geographical regions. In the South, for example, nearly 90 percent of bankers surveyed said they have a relationship with most clients. That compared with only 50 percent of Southern consumers surveyed.
Bankers in the West were among the least confident in relationships. In that region, a relatively high 18 percent said they were unsure, while only 26 percent said they "definitely" have a relationship, among the lowest figures nationwide.
The responses revealed other interesting differences. While African-American and white customers were generally even on the question of banker relationships, Asian customers weren't as sure. Nearly 40 percent of Asians expressed at least some doubt, the highest among all ethnic groups.
In short, Zehnder's research shows there are some real differences between banks and customers when it comes to the perception of relationships. The bigger question is how much does that matter? The answer is that it depends.
When we asked consumers how much they would trust a bank with no physical location, 53 percent said "a great deal" or "a lot." There were a few variations among regions and age groups, but less than a quarter went as far as saying they would place little or no trust in such a bank.
So consumers are less apt to perceive the existence of a relationship than their bankers are. Yet, consumers are still willing to trust banks, even those without a physical location. What does that insight say about the way your financial services company communicates with customers?
Zehnder is a full-service advertising agency that specializes in education, financial services, food-and-beverage, health care and travel and tourism. With offices in New Orleans, Nashville and Baton Rouge, we help clients all over the country develop a deeper understanding of their industry and how to turn those discoveries into better marketing.
To learn more about our research, contact Jen Boneno at or _PHONE_ to find out more.
Let's Talk.


Spread WPF 15
Spread WPF Documentation / Formula Reference / Formula Functions / MINVERSE
In This Topic
 MINVERSE
 In This Topic
 Summary
 This function returns the inverse matrix for the matrix stored in an array.
 Syntax
 MINVERSE(array)
 Arguments
 The array is a numeric array that has an equal number of columns and rows.
 Arrays can be a cell range. If any of the array cells are empty or contain text then an error is returned.
 Remarks
 Use the INDEX function to get individual elements from the returned array.
 Data Types
 Accepts an array. Returns an array.
 Examples
 MINVERSE(A3:E7)
 See Also


text:
The word spatchcocking refers to the process of removing the backbone and breaking the breastbone of a bird. The partially boned fowl can then be spread open and flattened for cooking. While similar to butterflying, the process of spatchcocking implies the use of whole poultry rather than a single cut of meat. It is believed that the word is derived from the term "dispatch the cock."
Spatchcocking a turkey, chicken, or any other poultry results in a bird that takes up less oven space, cooks more evenly and quickly, and is easier to carve.
Source: Flickr User thebittenword.com


text:
Objective: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet drug discontinuation is common. The aim of this study was to compare treatment retention rates and specific causes of anti-TNF discontinuation in a population-based RA cohort.
Methods: All patients treated with etanercept, infliximab, or adalimumab within the Swiss Clinical Quality Management RA cohort between 1997 and 2006 were included in the study. Causes of treatment discontinuation were broadly categorized as adverse events (AEs) or nontoxic causes, and further subdivided into specific categories. Specific causes of treatment interruption were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model and adjusted for potential confounders.
Results: A total of 2,364 anti-TNF treatment courses met the inclusion criteria. Treatment discontinuation was reported 803 times: 309 with etanercept, 249 with infliximab, and 245 with adalimumab. Drug inefficacy represented the largest single cause of treatment discontinuation (55.8% of cases). The median time of receiving anti-TNF therapy was 37 months, but discontinuation rates differed between the 3 anti-TNF agents (P < 0.001), with shorter retention rates for infliximab (hazard ratio [HR] 1.24, 99% confidence interval [99% CI] 1.01-1.51). The specific causes of treatment discontinuation revealed an increased risk of AEs with infliximab (HR 1.4, 99% CI 1.003-1.96), mostly due to an increased risk of infusion or allergic reactions (HR 2.11, 99% CI 1.23-3.62). Other discontinuation causes were equally distributed between the anti-TNF agents.
Conclusion: In this population, infliximab was associated with higher overall discontinuation rates compared with etanercept and adalimumab, which is mainly due to an increased risk of infusion or allergic reactions.


text: The importance of exact estimation of plastic deformations in the soils and building materials is noted. The defining relations for stresses and endochronic type deformations generalizing the theory of Sanders-Klyushnikov were proposed. Quasi-statistical equations of the new theory are based on the Novozhilov's idea about the independence of motion of piecewise-linear plane yield surfaces and the technology of conversion from flow theory to endochronic theory. The practical formulas for calculating the uniaxial active and reversible loading of the material are presented. The similarity and difference between the new theory and the Sanders-Klyushnikov's version are demonstrated on the several examples.


Welcome to overhead-cable.com Email: _EMAIL_ Tel: +86 371-67829-333
Low-voltage overhead line planning and design
low-voltage overhead lines.png
When planning low-voltage overhead lines, according to the development plan, various types of electricity indicators and characteristics, consider the adjustment and reconstruction of the existing overhead power lines, and propose a power supply development plan.
Low-voltage overhead line planning and route selection
1. How to plan low-voltage overhead lines?
When planning low-voltage overhead lines, according to the development plan, various types of electricity indicators and characteristics, consider the adjustment and reconstruction of the existing overhead power lines, and propose a power supply development plan. Here are the steps for planning:
(1) Survey of electricity load: The electricity load is the basis for the preparation of the plan. Calculate the total kilowatts of electricity load in each unit and multiply the load by the same time the coefficient is equal to the actual electricity kilowatts. Then consider the development situation in the next five years, then you can provide the selection data of the distribution transformer's location.
(2) Selection of transformer capacity: The transformer should be installed in the load center, and consider the convenience of management and replacement.
The capacity of the transformer is expressed in apparent power in kV·A.
According to the calculation of the power load and the layout of the distribution point, the power load value within the power supply range of the distribution point can be determined. Dividing this value by the power factor 0.8 is the capacity of the required distribution transformer. When there is a discharge load, the capacity of distribution transformers should be chosen based on their maximum load.


Definition of coitus interruptus in English:
coitus interruptus
Pronunciation /ˌkōədəs in(t)əˈrəptəs/ /ˌkoʊədəs ɪn(t)əˈrəptəs/
Translate coitus interruptus into Spanish
 - Sexual intercourse in which the penis is withdrawn before ejaculation.
 'Such incomplete discharge was brought about by practices like masturbation or coitus interruptus, or simply by sexual abstinence.'
 - 'Freud insisted that neurotic behavior was the result of libido deflected from normal activity-e.g., coitus interruptus, abstinence, or unconsummated or repressed sexual excitation.'
 - 'To explain how the rate was kept low is not easy: late marriage, abstinence, prostitution, abortion, and infanticide were elements; contraception probably played the biggest part, which usually meant coitus interruptus.'
 - 'And large numbers of Catholics evidently believed that coitus interruptus was less gravely sinful than the use of 'devices' like condoms or pessaries.'
 - 'Similarly, coitus interruptus, birth control, and all other ways of avoiding conception were prohibited by the Catholic Church (and in most cases, still are).'
 - 'By the late thirteenth century there were far more people living in Britain than there had been in 1086-notwithstanding the fact that men and women were familiar with coitus interruptus as a method of birth control.'
 - 'Mother Ann Lee instructed her followers, the Shakers of New York, to consistently practice coitus interruptus, thus ensuring a declining community.'
 - 'The vast majority believed that birth control through use of coitus interruptus was permissible, although a minority disagreed.'
 - 'The unrestrained art of performance is far more fulfilling for him than stop-start filming for television, which he amusingly likens to coitus interruptus.'
 - 'Alfreda, helpfully suggested that a good dose of cold water sploshed over the couple would shock Freddie sufficiently to bring about coitus interruptus.'
 - 'I wouldn't be a bit surprised if taking cellphone calls had become the major cause of coitus interruptus.'
 - 'He cannot understand why Gabi can't wait out nine more years, after which their marriage will cease to be a continual coitus interruptus.'
 - 'Abstention then is like a coitus interruptus, a spectacular thing to feel from a partner whom you love.'
From coitus + Latin interruptus 'interrupted'.


text:
Water dimers detected in atmospheric conditions
Mar 4, 2013 1 comment
Physicists in Russia are the first to detect water dimers – bonded pairs of gaseous water molecules – in conditions similar to Earth's atmosphere. Such dimers have been predicted to have important effects on the Earth's radiation balance and atmospheric chemistry, so this latest breakthrough could help scientists gain a better understanding of how their presence affects climate.
Water vapour is the third most common gas in the Earth's atmosphere, and the principal absorber of both sunlight and the Earth's blackbody radiation. Scientists have known for decades that water appears to absorb more radiation than theoretical models suggest that it should. In the 1960s the Russian astronomer Sergei Zhevakin suggested that this discrepancy could be explained if, among the free water molecules (monomers), hydrogen bonding caused a small proportion of water molecules to pair-up to create dimers. These dimers, suggested Zhevakin and others, would be much stronger absorbers than single water molecules.
While chemists have been able to study water dimers at temperatures near absolute zero, it was not clear whether the structures could even form under conditions found in the Earth's atmosphere. This is because the infrared spectral signatures of a dimer are extremely difficult to separate from those of single water molecules – making standard spectroscopy techniques unable to answer the question.
Promising rotational spectra
Much more promising are the rotational spectra of dimers and monomers, which calculations suggest should be much more distinct than infrared spectra. These features appear in the extremely high-frequency (EHF) region of the radio spectrum – at about 100–200 GHz – and should differ significantly because dimers have much higher moments of inertia than monomers. Unfortunately, standard spectrometers did not have sufficient resolution to detect these faint, broad peaks predicted by quantum-chemistry calculations.
Now, using a special spectrometer, researchers at the Russian Academy of Sciences in Nizhgy Novgorod led by Mikhail Tretyakov – a former student of Zhevakin – have made the first clear observations of water dimers under conditions similar to those in the atmosphere. The team created a new spectrometer in which EHF radiation is injected into a cavity with a mirror at either end. The resonance of the cavity depends on the separation between the mirrors, which is controlled extremely precisely. Gas is then injected into the cavity and the frequency is varied. At frequencies the gas does not absorb, the cavity shows one sharp peak at its expected resonant frequency. However, at frequencies near the absorption peaks of the gas, the resonance peak becomes broader. By measuring this change in the sharpness of the peak, the researchers were able to measure resonances associated with water dimers.
The researchers injected water vapour into the cavity at a similar temperature (23 °C) and partial pressure to that found in the atmosphere. Previous attempts to detect the water dimer at ambient conditions have focused on a single peak, which is difficult to assign unambiguously to a particular molecule. Instead, the researchers identified a distinct series of four peaks in the absorption spectrum. These occurred at exactly the same positions as measured in cold-temperature experiments. The researchers interpret this as clear evidence that water dimers can form in water vapour under ambient conditions.
There is one puzzling aspect of the results, however: the measured absorption peaks were four times broader than those predicted by computer modelling. The researchers speculate that the reason may lie in the simplifying assumptions about the structure of the water molecule that are made by the computer model. For example, the water molecule is assumed to be symmetric, whereas in reality this is not quite true.
David Wales, a theoretical chemist at the University of Cambridge, says that while a full explanation of the broadness of the lines is important, the identification of four peaks makes the detection of the dimer quite convincing anyway. "It will inspire a lot of new work, both theoretical and experimental," he says.
Tretyakov agrees that more work needs to be done: "First of all, I need to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum – I know how to do that now. After that, I can get more information on the quantitative properties of the water dimer, and this will help us to understand the properties of liquid water in the long run."
The research is published in Physical Review Letters.
About the author
Tim Wogan is a science writer based in the UK


Computerized color analysis of "xue yu" (blood stasis) in the sublingual vein using a new technology
Masashi Takeichi, Takeshi Sato
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
22 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
Computer-assisted image analyses were performed on the color of the tongues of 95 medical students to enhance the accuracy and objectivity of tongue inspections for determining blood stasis. Areas from the sublingual vein were selected and subjected to image analysis. A slide scanner was used to digitize the color slides, and the digital information was transmitted to a personal computer for subsequent feature extraction and analysis. A comparison was then made between the computerized data using Red-Green-Blue color components, and inspection with the naked eye based on the diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine. The results obtained suggest that there are statistically significant correlations between visual analyses and the computerized normalized R value (F value; 3.397, p<0.05). The examination of sublingual veins with the naked eye showed the validity of computer-assisted image analysis. This analysis may provide a potential solution to the demand for a sophisticated means of quantitative and qualitative observation of physiological parameters regarding blood stasis, including that for the sublingual vein.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)213-219
Number of pages7
JournalAmerican Journal of Chinese Medicine
Volume25
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 1 1997
Externally publishedYes
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
 - Complementary and alternative medicine
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text:
Many system administrators do not want to be bothered with the work needed to ensure that their system is able to reach all the networks (and therefore systems) on all networks worldwide. Instead of doing so, they would rather relay all outgoing mail to another system that is known to be indeed ''smart''.
RELAY_HOST defines the UUCP hostname of such a smart neighboring system.
RELAY_MAILER defines the mailer used to relay the messages there.
It is important to note that setting these parameters results in your outgoing mail being forwarded to this remote system, which will affect the load of their system. Be certain to get explicit agreement from the remote Postmaster before you configure your system to use another system as a general purpose relay host.


Will Kevlar Stop an Arrow?
Death is like an arrow that is already in flight, and your life lasts only until it reaches you – Georg Hermes
Asking if Kevlar can stop an arrow is like asking Erwin Schrodinger about the health of his cat. He'd probably retort that his cat was both alive and dead, and how it felt at any given moment was entirely dependent on a number of different variables. But worry not! Archery Edge is here for your answers!
And the same answer, or rather the specific conditions surrounding each individual incident in which an arrow and kevlar come into contact with each other, applies to the question about whether or not Kevlar can stop an arrow. Sometimes it can, and sometimes it can't. It all depends on the variables.
What Is Kevlar?
Before we actually take a look at the circumstances surrounding the whether or not arrows can actually pierce kevlar controversy, we should probably explain what kevlar is.
What Is Kevlar.
After all, in the grand scheme of things, it's a relatively recent human invention and while Hollywood might want us all to believe that kevlar has been around forever, it was only invented and developed in nineteen sixty-five, by a chemist called Stephanie Kwolek was working for DuPont at the time of her discovery.
While we mostly associate the word kevlar with body armor and think of it as having been created for that specific purpose, it was actually created to be used in tires.
When it was first introduced to the world, kevlar was made to be a replacement for the steel belts in racing tires. It didn't actually become a vital ingredient in personal protection for another couple of decades.
The US military began issuing kevlar body armor and helmets to serving personnel in the nineteen-eighties, after its impact and heat resistant qualities were found to offer better protection to front line servicemen and women than, up to that point, traditional body armor could.
Light and strong, and much less cumbersome than its predecessors, kevlar became an indispensable part of a soldier's battlefield uniform.
Let's Talk About Those Variables
Even though kevlar will, and can protect soldiers and anyone else wearing it from most bullets, as far as arrows are concerned, it's a completely different story.
Let's Talk About Those Variables
As kevlar is impact resistant, it's designed to spread the force that a bullet strikes it with throughout the material, which is one of the reasons why most bullets flatten upon impact with kevlar, rather than penetrating it completely.
Arrows, however, unlike bullets (which are made to spread upon and following impact, and thus cause far more damage than arrows) are specifically designed to penetrate the target that they're fired at. Because their tip is much smaller and sharper than that of a bullet and are fired with less velocity, and use far less energy.
Lower energy means less dispersal, which significantly reduces the impact protection that Kevlar offers. This means, in most cases, when they're fired at kevlar, arrows can, and usually do pierce Kevlar. However, if the kevlar in question is stab rated (kevlar is also used in stab vests which are worn to prevent damage and injury from knives) and is thick enough, it can stop an arrow.
That said if the arrow is fired from an incredibly powerful bow, and the archer in question is using armor-piercing arrows, then even the thickest stab vest and highest rated personal armor is unlikely to be able to stop an arrow.
Can a Bulletproof Vest Stop an Arrow?
Again, this depends on whether or not the bulletproof vest in question is made with kevlar or uses different shielding material. Generally speaking, bulletproof vests fall into two different categories. Soft body armor and hard body armor. Arrows can, and do, pierce soft body armor which, for the most part, use kevlar in their construction.
Can a Bulletproof Vest Stop an Arrow
Hard body armor (or hard bulletproof vests) though, arrows have a much tougher time with. They're usually made using either hardened steel plate or high-density carbon fiber or a combination of both and unless the archer in question is using an incredibly powerful bow, is firing at his or her target from a relatively short distance, and using purpose designed armor-piercing arrows, there's an incredibly good chance that anyone wearing hard body armor would live to tell the tale after being shot with an arrow.
The Parting Shot – Can Kevlar Stop Arrows?
Yes, it can. As long as the Kevlar in question is thick enough, has a fairly high stab rating and the arrow in question isn't an armor-piercing one and hasn't been fired at its target by a powerful bow. As we explained earlier, it isn't a simple yes or no answer and depends entirely on the variables and the details.
Unfortunately, the chances are, if you're wearing kevlar body armor the only thing that it will stop with any certainty is small arms fire and a bullet from a handgun. If you want to be really safe, and stand a chance of walking away from a bow fight relatively unscathed, trade your kevlar in for steel plate armor.


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How to convert megawatt hours to megawatts
A megawatt hour (MWh) is a unit of energy. It is a measure of the actual amount of power consumed or produced by one megawatt expended for a period of one hour. A megawatt (MW) is a unit of power. It describes the rate at which power is being consumed or produced by a circuit at any given moment in time.
A megawatt is equivalent to one million watts.
The formula used to calculate megawatt-hours is Megawatt hours (MWh) = Megawatts (MW) x Hours (h).
To convert megawatt hours to megawatts, you are going to need to divide the number of megawatt hours by the number of hours. In other words: Megawatts (MW) = Megawatt hours (MWh) / Hours (h).
- A megawatt hour (MWh) is a unit of energy.
Determine the number of megawatt hours.
Determine the number of hours. (To convert megawatt hours to megawatts, the number of hours must also be known.)
Divide the number of megawatt hours by the number of hours. The resulting number is the number of megawatts.
- "Wiring Simplified;" 40th Edition; H. P. Richter, W. C. Schwan, F. P. Hartwell; 2002
- For example: You have a high-powered lamp that has used 3 megawatt hours over the course of 6 hours. To figure out how many megawatts your lamp is, you would divide the number of megawatt hours (3) by the number of hours (6) to get 0.5 megawatts.
- Another example: You receive a power bill indicating that your household has used 1,000 megawatts during the previous month. The previous month has 31 days, which means that there were 744 hours in the month (31 days x 24 hours/day). To calculate the average number of megawatts present in all circuits in your house at any one given moment of time, you would divide the number of megawatt hours (1,000) by the number of hours (744) to get approximately 1.34 megawatts. This number would be an average because the amount of power being consumed by your household presumably fluctuates.
- Note that the number of megawatts used in the examples were selected solely for demonstration purposes, and not because they reflect the typical (or even possible) wattage of lamps.
Morgan Owens has a Bachelor of Science in criminal justice, and minors in biology and psychology. She attended Boston University and is currently applying to law school for matriculation in 2014. Her articles have been published on numerous informational websites.


set.center.at {distillML}R Documentation
Sets a new center in the PDP and ICE plots made by an Interpreter
Description
Method for setting center value for a specific feature
Usage
set.center.at(object, feature, value)
Arguments
object
The Interpreter class that we want to recenter the plots of.
feature
The name of the feature to set grid points for.
value
The new value to use for the plots of the specified feature to be centered at. Must match the type of the feature (a factor level or continuous value in the range of the specified feature).
Note
Unlike the grid predictions, the center.at values do not modify any of the previous saved calculations. Therefore, it does not change or remove any of the previously calculated, saved data. These center values are simply for the plots made by the interpreter object, rather than the distilled model.
[Package distillML version 0.1.0.9 Index]


What does a real diamond look like under a magnifying glass?
How do you tell if a diamond is real with a magnifying glass?
To determine if your diamond is real, hold a magnifying glass up and look at the diamond through the glass. Look for imperfections within the stone. If you're unable to find any, then the diamond is most likely fake. the majority of real diamonds have imperfections referred to as inclusions.
Do real diamonds magnify?
Because real diamonds are naturally occurring, they often have internal imperfections. … Natural diamonds may be flawless but, bear in mind that, lab-grown diamonds (diamonds that are synthetically produced in controlled environments) may look flawless under the magnifying glass as well.
How can you tell that a diamond is real?
THIS IS INTERESTING: Frequent question: How do you get the colored gems in crash 4?
How can you tell if a diamond is under a microscope?
If it is clear and smooth like a clean window pane under magnification, it is likely as fake as the window pane! Genuine diamonds contain imperfections that should be visible under a microscope (think of the vintage image of a professional jeweler scrutinizing diamonds under an eyepiece!)
Can you tell if a diamond is real by scratching glass?
Scratch Test
Because diamonds are ranked hardest on the Mohs scale, a real diamond should scratch glass. If your stone does not leave a scratch on the glass, it is most likely a fake.
How can you tell difference between diamond and cubic zirconia?
The best way to tell a cubic zirconia from a diamond is to look at the stones under natural light: a diamond gives off more white light (brilliance) while a cubic zirconia gives off a noticeable rainbow of colored light (excessive light dispersion).
Can you break a diamond with a hammer?
As an example, you can scratch steel with a diamond, but you can easily shatter a diamond with a hammer. The diamond is hard, the hammer is strong. … This makes the diamond incredibly hard and is why it is able to scratch any other material. Steel, on the other hand, has an ionic structure.
Where is the Hope Diamond kept?
The Hope Diamond has been in the possession of the Smithsonian Institute since it was gifted by Harry Winston. It's kept on display in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., at the forefront of the gem collection.
Can fake diamonds pass diamond tester?
Pass or Fail
THIS IS INTERESTING: How can I make a necklace at home?
Because lab grown diamonds do have all the same properties of natural, mined diamonds, they will test as real on a diamond tester. I mean, after all…they are real. And a diamond tester is meant to help you sniff out fakes.
How much is a 1 carat diamond worth?
Does a real diamond sparkle rainbow?
A fake diamond will have rainbow colors that you can see inside the diamond. … "They do sparkle, but it's more of a gray color. If you see something with rainbow colors [inside the stone], it could be a sign that it's not a diamond."
Do real diamonds shine in the dark?
Diamonds are Cut in such a way to maximize light, draw it in, and reflect it out so it sparkles like a billion stars in the sky. … So the answer to the question is "No, Diamonds do NOT Sparkle in the dark! " They need light (which is why Jewelry Stores have tons of it) and they need a Good Cut to really bring it out.
Do real diamonds have coating back?
Surface coating is a way of enhancing a diamond's color and is the oldest diamond treatment known, dating back to the Georgian period. The original method of surface coating entailed applying colored tinfoil to the back surfaces of gemstones and diamonds that were mounted in closed-back settings.
THIS IS INTERESTING: Quick Answer: What color are VVS diamonds?
Will a fake diamond sink in water?
Drop the diamond into the water. True diamonds have high density and should quickly sink to the bottom of the glass. Fake diamonds are not as thick, and therefore, more likely to float in water. … Some materials that make up fake diamonds, such as cubic zirconia and moissanite, can sink if they are heavy enough.
Will sandpaper scratch a real diamond?
No, sandpaper cannot scratch a diamond. The hardness of sand paper grit ranges between 7 and 9 on the Mohs scale, which makes sand paper softer than a diamond.
Shine precious stones


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Credit Rating Prediction Through Supply Chains: A Machine Learning Approach
Production and Operations Management 31(4), _PHONE_
47 Pages Posted: 18 Nov 2021 Last revised: 10 Jul 2022
Date Written: October 27, 2021
As supply chain channels physical, financial, and information flows as well as associated risks, a firm's supply chain information should be helpful in understanding and predicting its credit risks. Credit ratings as an approximate but important measure of corporate credit risks have been widely used by investors, creditors, and supply chain partners in their decision-making. This paper studies the role of supply chain information in predicting companies' credit ratings. Using firm-level supplier-customer linkages and corporate credit rating data, we develop a machine learning framework with gradient boosted decision tree to examine whether and what supply chain features can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of credit ratings, and what types of supply chain links have higher information content that positively affects the predictability of the supply chain features. We construct a firm's supply chain variables from its supplier and customer portfolios to be used in the machine learning models. We show that incorporating supply chain features can improve prediction accuracy over the benchmark credit rating model using only the focal firm's features. Moreover, the informativeness of supply chain links in focal credit risk prediction depends on the focal firm's industry sector, the relationship strength of such links, and the switching costs. Finally, we develop a focal credit rating prediction model with a high accuracy level using supply chain factors solely, which can potentially be applied to predict credit risks of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and private firms with no public financial information, as long as their supply chain information is available.
Keywords: credit risk, credit rating, supply chains, machine learning application
JEL Classification: E43, E51, G12, G14, G23, G24, G32, L11, L22
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


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SILVER AND COPPER ALLOY BRAZED JOINTS FOR AEROSPACE PROPULSION SYSTEMS
|Publication Date:||15 August 1969|
This recommended practice covers design requirements for silver and copper brazed joints, primarily for tube connections, for aerospace propulsion systems. The environmental conditions stated herein, and those given in the applicable AMS specifications, provide the limitations of this ARP.
PURPOSE: This ARP is intended to contain all data known to be pertinent to good design for silver and copper alloy brazed joints, based on sound engineering principles currently used throughout the aerospace propulsion systems industry, and provides a recommended practice for appropriate design configurations, engine and propeller standard utility parts, as applicable, and other propulsion systems components.
It further establishes a common standard practice for swaged tubing and a common standard for the inside diameter of the matting part of fittings for either silver or copper brazed joints. The purpose of establishing a common inside diameter for both brazing applications is to facilitate manufacturing and to reduce the cost of related parts.


Does radar work when cops are driving the opposite way?
Q: Can cops really still get an accurate radar account of your vehicle speed while they are driving from the opposite direction while pointing the radar gun?
A: Yes.
"It's called a moving radar," State Patrol Sgt. J.J. Gundermann said. "The radar in the patrol car calculates the patrol car's speed and the speed of a vehicle either approaching from the opposite direction or another vehicle approaching from the rear."
Another common question is whether or not radar guns work in the rain. Follow the link in the previous sentence to learn the answer.
Questions may be edited or paraphrased.
Casey McNerthney
Comments are closed.


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Haymaking is the process of taking the fresh cut grass and turning it into hay fodder ready for building into a haycock. The process of haymaking for a bale is similar but the hay must be drier and and more seasoned before attempting to bale it, particularly for square bales. Grass cut for silage by contrast only requires minimal drying before being baled before taken to a pit.
There is an adage make hay while the sun shines. If the sun is shining and hot and the field open and especially with a gentle breeze the grass will turn to hay with relatively little work and trouble. If the weather turns wet and cold and the field is shady and the days less long saving the hay will become much more difficult.


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Scotland presses on as Vetting & Barring Scheme is put on hold
The UK government's decision to place the planned Vetting & Barring Scheme (VBS) on hold for England, Northern Ireland and Wales has been swiftly followed by confirmation that a similar initiative in Scotland is to go ahead from 30 November 2010.
Voluntary registration with the VBS outside of Scotland was due to start on 26 July but will now be halted to allow for a remodelling of the scheme to what the government described as "common sense levels". Short-term the change means independent social workers will not have to pay the £64 fee to register in England or Wales, or £58 if they live in Northern Ireland.
In Scotland, however, a new scheme aimed at strengthening protection for vulnerable groups is set to commence on 30 November 2010, children's minister Adam Ingram revealed on 29 June. Confirming the launch date for the Protecting Vulnerable Groups Scheme (PVG Scheme) he also announced the publication of a number of guidance and training materials [visit for details]. The Protecting Vulnerable Groups Scheme (PVG Scheme) is a new membership scheme that will replace the current disclosure arrangements for people who work with vulnerable groups.
During the first year after the PVG Scheme goes live, it will only be available to those who are joining the vulnerable groups' workforce for the first time, moving posts, or whose employment circumstances have changed. Existing members of the vulnerable groups' workforce will then be phased in over a three-year period. The phasing in period is expected to commence towards the end of 2011, subject to legislation in the Scottish Parliament.
In Scotland news of the plans to scale back the VBS in other parts of the UK were broadly welcomed as offering a chance to introduce a more 'proportionate' model closer to the Scottish PVG Scheme.
A number of other related reforms introduced in England, Northern Ireland and Wales in October 2009 remain in place, however. Organisations that are engaging individuals to work in regulated activity with children or vulnerable adults should continue to use their existing safeguarding practices, including the use of enhanced CRB disclosures where these are required by law or regarded as appropriate by employers [see summary below].
A summary of the changes still in place as a result of the formation of the Independent Safeguarding Authority (ISA) last year.
 1. It is now a criminal offence for barred individuals to apply to work with children or vulnerable adults in a wider range of posts than previously. Employers also face criminal sanctions for knowingly employing a barred individual across a wider range of work.
 2. The previous barring lists have been replaced by two new barred lists administered by the ISA rather than several government departments. Now, checks of these two lists can be made as part of an Enhanced CRB check.
 3. Additional jobs and voluntary positions are covered by the new regulations, including moderators of children's internet chat rooms and large numbers of NHS and justice sector staff.
 4. Employers, local authorities, professional regulators and inspection bodies are now under a duty to refer to the ISA any information about an individual where they consider them to have caused harm or pose a risk of harm to vulnerable groups, such as why they stopped, or considered stopping, an individual working with vulnerable groups.


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Create an Elegant Patterned Vector Owl in Illustrator
Follow this step by step Adobe Illustrator tutorial to create a stylized vector owl illustration with simple shapes and patterns. We'll start by building the basic owl character with various vector shapes, then begin bringing it to life with colour, shading and pattern fills.
The owl character we'll be creating is built from a range of basic shapes to create a simple and elegant style. The illustration is brought to life with shading effects which add depth, and a range of pattern fills to give a feathered impression. To finish off the design it's brought into Photoshop for some grungy textures to rough up the clean vectors to give a cool tactile feel.
Open up Adobe Illustrator and draw a large circle on the artboard. Hold ALT and drag the circle to one side to make a duplicate, then use the Subtract option from the Pathfinder palette to punch out the circle from the original.
Draw a Rounded Rectangle with max corner radius (press the right cursor key) and carefully align it to the width of the crescent shape. Toggle outline mode (CMD+Y) to ensure everything lines up. Merge these two shapes with the Pathfinder palette.
Draw another circle, this time overlap it across the top edge of the owl body. Use the Subtract option from the Pathfinder to create a couple of simple ears on the head.
Elsewhere on the artboard draw a circle, then with the Convert Anchor Point tool remove the bezier handles from the upper and lower points. Use the Direct Selection Tool to drag these points upwards and downwards respectively to lengthen this shapes to produce a simple wing.
Rotate and move the wing into place on the body of the owl. Draw another circle as move into place as an eye. Use the Pucker and Bloat effect to convert the shape.
Copy the shape then paste in front (CMD+F). Hold Shift while rotating to limit the angle to 45 degrees, then go to Object > Expand Appearance to convert the effect into solid shapes then merge the two with the Pathfinder.
Add a few more circles aligned to the centre of this shape. Paste each new circle then scale it while holding Shift and Alt. Finish the eye with a couple of smaller circular highlights.
Duplicate all the shapes that make up the eye and move them to the opposite side. Merge the surrounding shapes to blend them together where the two overlap.
Create the basics of what will be the owl's beak using three circles – Two small circles placed side by side, then a larger one at the exact with of the two smaller circles. Use the Direct Selection Tool to select and delete the upper most point from the larger circle.
Drag the lower most point downwards vertically (hold Shift) and remove the bezier curves with the Convert Anchor Point tool.
Overlap the shapes then use the Merge option from the Pathfinder to blend them together. Move the beak into place between the eyes.
Use the Pen tool while holding Shift to draw a flowing shape. Keeping the bezier curves on strict angles should help keep the curves flowing smoothly.
Move all the shapes into their final positions to create the basic structure and outline of the owl character.
Add a basic blue fill to the body of the owl, then head to Effect > Stylize > Inner Glow. Select a darker tone of blue and adjust the blur so the glow subtly flows in from the edges. Add the same fill and Glow settings to the wings.
Use similar Inner Glow styling, but this time with grey tones on the 'eyebrows' and shapes that surround the eyes.
To make the eyes stand out that little more, add a Drop Shadow. Adjust the options so there's no offset and the Opacity is around 40%.
Add a grey to white radial fill to the outer circles that make up the complete eye. Move the gradient slider so the grey only creeps in slightly from the edge.
Give the next circle an orange/yellow radial fill to create a bright iris colour, and add another subtle Drop Shadow.
Elsewhere in the document draw a small circle. Drag the upper most point upwards with the Direct Selection Tool then remove the bezier curves with the Convert Anchor Point tool.
Select the Rotate Tool then Alt-Click just underneath the shape. In the subsequent options box enter 10 degrees and hit the Copy button.
Repeatedly press the shortcut CMD+D to generate a complete circle of radial shapes. Remove the black stroke and group them all together (CMD+G).
Move the radial shapes into place over the iris. Use the shortcut CMD+[ to alter the stacking order so it sits under the pupil of the eye.
Finish off the eye with a black to grey gradient on the pupil and leave the highlights with just a white fill. Use the same colours from iris to colour the beak with a fill and Inner Glow. Don't forget a good old Drop Shadow to list the objects from the screen.
Draw another small circle elsewhere on the artboard. Delete the upper most point to leave a semi-circle. Give this semi-circle a vertical gradient fill from the darker blue tone used on the body to transparent.
Hold ALT and Shift while dragging the shape to one side to align multiple circles side by side, then select and drag this row downwards to duplicate a series of further rows.
Align a guide to the centre of the first circle, then move the second row until the edge of the circles aligns with this guide. Repeat the movement on each alternating row using the shortcut CMD+D then group them all together.
Use three more guides to carefully outline a repeating area within the series of rows. Zoom right in to ensure the guides sit perfectly against the centre points and outlines of the circles. Draw a blank square inside these guides.
Select both the group of circles and the blank square and click the Crop option from the bottom row of the Pathfinder to trim the pattern down to size. Drag this graphic into the Swatches palette.
Copy the main body shape and press CMD+F to paste it in front. Delete the Inner Glow from the appearances palette then replace the fill with the newly created pattern swatch. Change the blending mode to Color Burn.
Repeat the process on the wings, but also go to Object > Transform > Rotate. Select just the Patterns checkbox and enter 30 degrees into the Angle to rotate the pattern to match the orientation of the wing.
Make another duplicate of the wing and give it a black fill. Use a large temporary circle with the Pathfinder to clip the shape down.
Add a large Gaussian Blur (Effect > Blur > Gaussian Blur) of around 40px.
Press CMD-[ to send the black shape underneath the main wing, then rotate it slightly so the blur creeps out slightly further from the lower edge. Change the blending mode to Multiply at 30%.
Draw a large oval over the chest area of the owl. Adjust the Stroke options to 30pt Weight with Round Cap and Bevel Join, check the Dashed Line option and change the dash to 0 and gap to match the stroke weight of 30pt.
Go to Object > Expand and select just the Stroke option to convert the stroke into basic shapes. Right click and Ungroup, then merge everything together with the Pathfinder.
Use a duplicate of the main body shape as a tool along with the Intersect option from the Pathfinder to trim the chest shape down to size.
Give it a basic blue fill then set it to Multiply at 40%.
To finish off the design with some rough textures, paste it into a large Photoshop document with a grey background.
Paste a copy of the body pattern fill from Illustrator and scale it up to fill the whole document. Set this to Color Burn, then add a rough texture and set it to Color Dodge at 80%.
Import another texture file then load the selection of the owl illustration by clicking the layer thumbnail while holding the CMD key. Inverse the selection (CMD+Shift+I) then clear out the excess.
Set this new texture overlay to Color Burn at 70% opacity to finish off the illustration with some dirty distressed marks.
There we have one complete owl illustration. The basic vector shapes help build a simple and stylized illustration while the subtle shading effects add depth and dimension to the design. None of my designs are complete without a dirty texture to rough things up, which in turn give the clean vectors a more tactile feel.


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The design of vibro compaction method is mainly based on experiment and engineering practice.
The stress distribution and foundation soil strength can be determined according to the load of upper building.The formula of calculation is accorded to the standard of building foundation.
1) the strip foundation or independent foundation can only be used in the base range.
2) raft base and box base are usually piled on the whole foundation, and 1-3 rows of bollards can be arranged according to the need.
Space of piles and piling method:
A normal triangular or square style layout is generally adopted.There are several methods for pile spacing design:
1) field test method.
2) estimation of filling volume.
3) empirical formula method.


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- Salish Sea References
- Wiki Rules
The combined campus of Marshall Middle and Hansen Elementary schools encompass 36 acres of public land on the west slope of three hills that mark the hydrologic center of the Green Cove Watershed. The site was graded for the schools and sports fields on glacial till, creating a water shedding landscape. Two or three flow pathways drain though the Gold Crest and Evergreen Pointe neighborhoods into Grass Lakes Nature Reserve which is one of three large wetland units that form the headwaters of Green Cove Creek.


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ABSTRACT

Abstract—In this paper, we extend the standard for object-oriented databases, ODMG, with reactive features, by proposing a language for specifying triggers and defining its semantics. This extension has several implications, thus this work makes three different specific contributions. First, the definition of a declarative data manipulation language for ODMG, which is missing in the current version of the standard; such a definition requires revisiting data manipulation in ODMG and also addressing issues related to set-oriented versus instance-oriented computation. Then, the definition of a trigger language for ODMG, unifying also the SQL:1999 proposal and providing support for trigger inheritance and overriding. Finally, the development of a formal semantics for the proposed data manipulation and trigger languages.

INDEX TERMS
Triggers, active databases, object-oriented DBMSs, ODMG, ODL.
CITATION
Elisa Bertino, Isabella Merlo, Giovanna Guerrini, "Extending the ODMG Object Model with Triggers", IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering, vol. 16, no. , pp. 170-188, February 2004, doi:10.1109/TKDE.2004._PHONE_
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Reloads of QlikView Documents are failing with the following error:Invalid custom connector QvSAPConnector.dll
Used QVConnect: D:\PROGRA~1\QlikView\QvConnect64.EXE
CUSTOMCONNECT TO "Provider=QvSAPConnector;ASHOST=test.host.com;SYSNR=32;CLIENT=700;Log=1;KeepCasing=1;NullDate=1;XUserId=ENCRYPTEDUSERID;XPassword=ENCRYPTEDPASSWORD;"Note: The error above can be seen in also when using other Qlik Connectors (e.g. GeoAnalytics), and the solution follows the same reasoning discussed below. The.dll part of the error and customconnect string would reflect the specific connector related to the error.
The SAP Connector DLLs do not show in the Edit Script window in QlikView although they are definitely installed.Environment:
- Qlik Connectors all versions
QVconnect64.exe performs a search for the Qlik SAP DLL files when you launch QlikView. If for some reason it cannot locate or load the DLLs, they do not appear in QlikView.
By running Process monitor and filtering only processes with the name QV.exe and QVconnect64.exe you can see where the process is looking for the DLLs and whether it successfully finds them:Process Monitor Filter settings
In this example you can see a SAP DLL has been located in the QvBexConnector folder:
In this example you can see that the DLL has not been located and will therefore not appear in QlikView: