stop protection does not prevent Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling from terminating an instance when the instance is unhealthy or during scale-in events.
 - You cannot enable stop protection for instance store-backed instances.
 - You cannot enable stop protection for Spot Instances.
 - The Amazon EC2 API follows an eventual consistency model when you enable or disable stop protection. For more information, see Eventual consistency in the Amazon EC2 API Reference.
Enable stop protection for an instance at launch
You can enable stop protection for an instance when launching the instance using one of the following methods.
Console
To enable stop protection for an instance at launch
 1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at _URL_
 2. On the dashboard, choose Launch instance.
 3. Configure your instance in the new launch instance wizard.
 To enable stop protection, under Advanced details, for Stop protection, choose Enable.
Amazon CLI
To enable stop protection for an instance at launch
Use the run-instances Amazon CLI command to launch the instance, and specify the disable-api-stop parameter.
aws ec2 run-instances \ --image-id ami-a1b2c3d4e5example \ --instance-type t3.micro \ --key-name MyKeyPair \ --disable-api-stop \ ...
Enable stop protection for a running or stopped instance
You can enable stop protection for an instance while the instance is running or stopped using one of the following methods.
Console
To enable stop protection for a running or stopped instance
 1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at _URL_
 2. In the left navigator, choose Instances.
 3. Select the instance, and then choose Actions, Instance settings, Change stop protection.
 4. Select the Enable check box, and then choose Save.
Amazon CLI
To enable stop protection for a running or stopped instance
Use the modify-instance-attribute Amazon CLI command and specify the disable-api-stop parameter.
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \ --instance-id i-1234567890abcdef0 \ --disable-api-stop
Disable stop protection for a running or stopped instance
You can disable stop protection for a running or stopped instance using one of the following methods.
Console
To disable stop protection for a running or stopped instance
 1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at _URL_
 2. In the left navigator, choose Instances.
 3. Select the instance, and then choose Actions, Instance settings, Change stop protection.
 4. Clear the Enable check box, and then choose Save.
Amazon CLI
To disable stop protection for a running or stopped instance
Use the modify-instance-attribute Amazon CLI command and specify the no-disable-api-stop parameter.
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \ --instance-id i-1234567890abcdef0 \ --no-disable-api-stop
Modify a stopped instance
You can change the instance type, user data, and EBS-optimization attributes of a stopped instance using the Amazon Web Services Management Console or the command line interface. You can't use the Amazon Web Services Management Console to modify the DeleteOnTermination, kernel, or RAM disk attributes.
To modify an instance attribute
To modify an instance attribute using the command line
You can use one of the following commands. For more information about these command line interfaces see Access Amazon EC2.
Find all running and stopped instances
You can find all your running and stopped instances across all Amazon Web Services Regions on a single page in Amazon EC2 Global View. This is especially useful for taking inventory and finding forgotten instances. For information about how to use Global View, see List and filter resources across Regions using Amazon EC2 Global View.
Troubleshoot stopping your instance
If you have stopped your Amazon EBS-backed instance and it appears "stuck" in the stopping state, you can forcibly stop it. For more information, see Troubleshoot stopping your instance.


text:
In order to increase the count rate capability of a neutron detection system as a whole, we propose a multi-stage neutron detection system. Experiments to test the effectiveness of this concept were carried out on Fusion Neutronics Source. Comparing four configurations of alignment, it was found that the influence of an anterior stage on a posterior stage was negligible for the pulse height distribution. The two-stage system using 25 mm thickness scintillator was about 1.65 times the count rate capability of a single detector system for d-D neutrons and was about 1.8 times the count rate capability for d-T neutrons. The results suggested that the concept of a multi-stage detection system will work in practice.
ASJC Scopus subject areas

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Defensive Back Drills
Defensive Back Drills To Polish Your Skills
Defensive Backs are known for their explosive speed and lightning-fast reaction time. These two skills come in handy when you talk about stopping wide receivers in their tracks. These football drills are quite spot on when it comes to covering " Double Routes ", or the scenario when Wide Receivers try to double-cross you by attempting more than one trick in a single run of play. Defensive Backs are expected to be on their toes while disposing of their defensive duties so that they can react almost instantaneously.
These defensive back drills are meticulously crafted to make players practice in game-like situations so that they can make quick decisions when they actually are on the playing field.
It's talked over and over that speed is an indispensable element in a defensive back's game but one thing which is even more important is harnessing your speed to your advantage, using it at the right moment. This defensive back drill will improve your ability to make quick changes in direction and overspeeding.
These defensive back drills are made to provide you with an understanding of how to blanket the Wide receivers when they try to double-cross or fool you. Before moving onto the top drills for defensive backs let us try to figure out the major challenges a Defensive Back has to face while disposing of his defensive duties.
Major Challenges Faced by Defensive Backs on the playing field:
 - Contesting for balls in the air against receivers much bigger in size than you. In such cases, there is always a possibility that you'd lose hold of the ball. Moreover, you will be caught out of position because of the time you would take to regain your defensive position. So it's like a two-edged sword to contest for balls in the air.
 - Attempting rough physical challenges, whether they are head-on challenges or open space ones. This becomes even more challenging when you attempt to challenge oversized receivers who have greater chances of winning challenges given the momentum they carry with them.
 - Covering some of the fastest receivers in the opposition team, and at the same time being in a position to drive the game forward.
Best Defensive Back Drills to practice:
 - Comeback or Hitch Breaks:
In this defensive back drill, you will learn to cover or block the comeback route of a receiver. He will look to run hard towards you, catch you off balance, and then boom! He will make a stop all of a sudden, he will turn around and move in the direction where the ball is thrown.
What's there for you to learn is that when the receiver turns back, it's the time when the ball is thrown.
When something like this happens, you must look to be in front of him at all times. When the receiver tries to escape, you can drive your inside foot and move towards his break-side shoulder. At all times be prepared to discard his back off route or grab the ball.
To master this defensive back drill one has to backpedal for some good 5-10 yards then break back in a straight path. Keep changing the foot with which you break back because you never know which direction the receiver would take.
 - One-hip Comeback Drill:
Just in case the receiver succeeds to escape you and breaks your cushion because it's not possible that each time you will have an upper hand on the opponent. In situations when the receiver adopts a deeper comeback path and also manages to get past you. Then you must start running alongside him as soon as he is within 3 yards from you.
Now you have the option to choose whether to run facing the inside or the receiver.
You will have to firmly plant your back foot while driving with your front foot towards him. Since it's a deeper route, you will have a better chance of making it to the ball, if you have read the moving receiver timely and correctly.
 - 90 Degrees to Outbreak Drill:
Exactly what the name suggests, this defensive back drill is about making a sharp 90-degree break. This football drill comes into play when receivers are running onto out" or "in" routes. You should try and force them to undercut their direction while going for the pick. For this to happen, you should break at an angle slightly more than 90 degrees. For this drill, you have to backpedal for about 5-10 yards then plant your leg and break either left or right at an angle marginally over 90 degrees.
 - Post and Corner Breaks:
Both post and corners are the two of the deepest slants on the field. This defensive back drill comes into action when the receiver of the opposite teams tries to get the better of you to the corner of the field where they expect the ball to be thrown or while running to the post they will aim to get past you deep across the field.
They generally convey to their quarterbacks to put some extra bit of air beneath the ball so that they can be in a better position to win the ball. This makes it really crucial for you as a cornerback to stay right on top of the route to be in a position to make a play.
For this drill again you need to backpedal for about 7-12 yards, then with a jerk push your elbow inside, make an explosive move towards your outside foot, at the same time shifting the break-side leg upward and over, and running explosively for not less than 10 yards.
Repeat this football drill multiple times in quick succession for better efficiency.
 - Open-Hip Post Breaks:
Receivers are always looking to get the better of you or to catch you wrong-footed. This will allow them to burst into the post. This defensive back drill comes into play when the receiver has managed to breach your cushion. Once they have opened you up they will break from you towards the post as fast as they can.
You usually have the option to turn facing towards the receiver or show him your back while turning. In this defensive back drill you will turn facing towards the receiver, keeping a vigilant eye on him.
After backpedaling for 5-19 yards open up and run fast for about 5-7 yards. Then stir around and make 10 yards to either side of the post. Repeat this football drill 5 times.
 - Stop and go Drill:
This is an advanced level defensive back drill, and a crucial one keeping in mind game situations. The receiver will run hard towards you and break down with a jerk expecting you to fall for his break. The moment you would fall for his break and move towards him, he will increase his pace and will get past you down the field.
This football drill is very much similar to the Hitch Break drill, or you can say that it's a modified version of it. The only difference being you not driving all the way back but stopping halfway, and breaking down. Then accelerate in a 180-degree turn and run heavily for another ten yards.
Tips to Master this Drill
 - Try to read the receiver and not the quarterback because if you miss even a glimpse of the receiver's move because you were looking in the backfield, he will beat you.
 - Be ready to break towards the break side shoulder of the receiver, so that when he eventually tries to turn you can enforce a strong enough collision on him or turn and run faster than him.
 - Whip or Q-Route Breaks:
This football drill comes in handy when the receiver tries to lure you for his slant or arrow. He expects you to believe in his slant so that he can cut in the opposite direction. This defensive back drill requires a lot of agility and instant reaction ability from you as a receiver.
In this drill, you are always having a disadvantage because you never know what will be the next move of the receiver.
Tips to Ace this Drill
 - Keep looking at the hips of the receiver, as soon as he whips out of the slant, see the direction in which his hips are moving and make a move in that direction.
 - Always keep an eye on the receiver and not on what's happening in the backfield. Because they can anytime beat you on the slant and you might be wrong-footed to react.
For this drill backpedal for some 5-10 yards then break at 45 degrees and keep running until the next 5-yard line where you break again and continue running in the original direction.
 - Speed Turns:
This defensive back drill is effective when the receiver tries to make you move towards the post and at the same time, he himself moves to the center. This is a double route drill for covering post corner routes.
For acing this football drill run for 5 yards towards the post than with a sudden swing of your outside arm shift the momentum and turn towards the corner and again rush rapidly for 10 yards or more.
 - Slow turns:
Both Slow turns and Speed turns that we have just discussed are for covering post corner routes when the receiver is trying to beat you on the corner. But some coaches and veterans are of the opinion that Slow Turns are more effective than the counterpart. This is because they believe that While attempting Speed turns a player loses his vision on the game when he takes his eyes off the play.
Slow turns allow you those extra chunks of time to keep an eye on the play and thus are believed to be more effective.
But single Speed turns are faster and allow you to get on top of the route, they are too an equally important candidate. To attempt this defensive back drill you will try to cut on the inside towards the receiver instead of turning to the corner and trying to get on top of the route.
 - Hip Fl


text:
What is Whistlewood all about?
Whistlewood is ten acres of community-owned land in Melbourne, South Derbyshire.
The site is designed along permaculture principles (a sustainable design framework) so that it will work for people, for wildlife and be a welcoming space for people of all ages and backgrounds.
We hold events and run workshops and provide educational opportunities that help people understand how to live more sustainably. Our rural ten acre site encourages an appreciation of nature and the outdoors, by being part of it, not just an outside observer. The site also hosts events that bring our community closer to make it a better place to live and help us face future challenges.
How did it come about?
In 2013 ten acres of land came up for sale in Melbourne in South Derbyshire. Members of the local Transition group wondered if it would be possible to do something really exciting with it. What if we could create a community woodland where everything was edible or otherwise useful for our community? And in the same space help people understand how to live more sustainably, appreciate nature and the outdoors, and hold events that would bring our community closer to face future challenges.
So, with the support of the National Forest Company, a co-operative society was formed and shares were sold to enable the land purchase to become a reality. Shares, from £50 upwards were sold to local people, but word spread and we gained supporters all around the world who were inspired by what we were doing.
Since purchasing the land we've gained planning permission for a range of structures, have formed working groups, planted trees, built structures, held events, welcomed children, and much more…
A solid business plan is behind everything we do and the project will be sustainable long-term, financially as well as environmentally.
People young and old love the site as somewhere they can feel relaxed and close to nature, and can be part of the solution, not the problem.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Role Conflict: Canada's Withdrawal from Combat Operations Against ISIL
Massie, Justin
With Laura Pelletier
This paper seeks to understand the peculiarity of the Trudeau government's decision to withdraw Canadian fighter jets from Iraq and Syria. Most studies have focused on electoral turnover to account for early withdrawal from coalition operations. Yet no study offers a plausible explanation for why a centrist challenger, such as Trudeau, favoured early withdrawal despite public support and alliance pressure for continued involvement, and committed when in power to a bolder and riskier mission while withdrawing valued military assets from coalition operations. Building on foreign policy role theory, we argue that role conflict best explains the particularity of the Trudeau government's withdrawal decision. In the wake of the 2015 federal election, the Liberal Party of Canada witnessed an intra-party conflict over which role to perform between that of a faithful ally and a good international citizen. The party leader finally proposed a compromise mission making Canada more involved on the frontlines.
Pelletier, L., Massie. (2017). «Role Conflict: Canada's Withdrawal from Combat Operations Against ISIL », International Journal, vol. 72, no 3, p. 298-317. DOI:
Observatoire des Diasporas
Observatoire des Diasporas
Bibliothèque virtuelle
Appels à communication
Bourses et concours
Le balado du CRIDAQ
Notre infolettre
CRIDAQ filigrane


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I am a little confused by the definition of interarrival time, does it mean the time between two successfully sent packets? and by using opnet, I observed that the shorter the interarrival time is, the higher the network load, is that a correct conclusion? Thanks
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up vote 1 down vote accepted
In short: yes.
Interarrival time is defined as the time between the "start" of two events. (So if you had a network capable of processing two packets at the exact same time, and two packets come in, the interarrival time between those two packets would be zero.)
It sounds like you have some sort of monitoring utility measuring interarrival time. In that case, you should consult the documentation for the tool to see exactly what their definition is and how they calculate it.
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text:
Named Peril Drought for Grassland is designed to protect farmers and ranchers from financial losses that may result from drought on rangeland, pastureland or hayland.
Named Peril for Grassland features pays policyholders based on the severity of drought during the coverage period as measured by low field-level soil moisture values.
- Coverage flexibility: Named Peril Drought for Grassland can be bought in rolling purchase windows, with only requirement that coverage must be bought by the 10th of the month before coverage will start. The buyer chooses length of coverage, between 30 and 180 days (limited availability to cover months where precipitation typically falls as snow).
- Soil Moisture Tracker: Soil Moisture Tracker provides daily field-level assessments of yield-impacting excess moisture or drought conditions. An initial soil moisture value is set at the beginning of the growing season. Soil Moisture TrackerSM then calculates daily changes to the plant-available soil moisture based on the amount of water entering the soil through precipitation and the amount of water leaving the soil through evapotranspiration.
Precision Weather Measurement
Named Peril Drought for Grassland utilizes 2.5 x 2.5 mile grids for precipitation and temperature measurement to accurately capture the weather conditions on a grower's farm:
- Precision Rainfall Grids: Named Peril Drought for Grassland tracks precipitation nationwide using Precision Rainfall Grids powered by radar-based National Weather Service data. By using the 2.5 x 2.5 mile grid that includes the grower's coverage location, Precision Rainfall Grids provide a more accurate precipitation measurement for the grower's location than is available with traditional land-based weather stations.
- Precision Temperature Grids: Named Peril Drought for Grassland tracks temperature values based on 2.5 x 2.5 mile Precision Temperature Grids. Each Precision Temperature Grid utilizes data from up to 3 nearby, on-the-ground weather stations — adjusted for grid-specific geographic characteristics such as elevation or proximity to bodies of water — to calculate daily temperature conditions. Precision Temperature Grids are designed to provide more precise temperature values for a grower's location than is possible with point-based temperature reporting.


Why Did I Receive a Text From 32858? (American Express or Scam)
Text messages from 32858 are very common in the U.S. In fact, you are bound to find someone online who's received a text message from 32858 without having to search that hard. At the same time, there are many speculations as to who these texts are from and who owns 32858.
That said this post seeks to provide you with definite answers regarding texts from 32858. These include answers to questions such as who owns this 32858 short SMS code, why you are receiving texts from this shortcode, and whether or not a text from 32858 means you've been hacked.
Text From 32858 American Express
Text messages from 32858 are messages from American Express. They usually alert or update their customers via messages through this code.
SMS Short Code 32858
Top on the list of questions many people have once they've received a text from 32858 is who this SMS short code belongs to and thus the need to address this first. This short SMS code belongs to American Express, a multinational financial services corporation based in the U.S.
It usually uses this SMS code to get in touch with its customers to update them on a number of their services or for them to confirm certain activities online that affect their account like let's say a password change.
Text From 32858
Text messages from 32858 or American Express can say many things given the fact that they (American Express) do send such texts to its customers for several reasons.
For example, if you requested a password change for your Personal Savings account online they'll send you a one-time code on your phone via 32858 so as for you to confirm the action.
You are also bound to receive a text from them through this short SMS code 32858 if a withdrawal is made from your account given you've activated this feature.
How Do I Find Out Who Owns This 32858 Short Code?
For this particular code, there are two ways you can go about finding out who owns it. The first one is simply doing an online search on Google. Doing so will see you receive a bunch of results one of which will be American Express. You'll find a link to American Express's website indicating how and when they actually use this 32858 SMS code.
You can as well find out who owns this 32858 code by getting in touch with your network provider. Given the nature of the text, they should be able to share with you details of who is sending you text messages using this code, and in this case, who is sending you messages using it is American Express.
Hackers or Not
The answer to this question is not as direct as some of you might want it to be. There are instances where if you receive a text from 32858 then chances are it's a possible hack. At the same time, there are instances where receiving a text from 32858 doesn't mean that there is a hack.
There is a possible hack if you receive a 6-digit code text message from 32858 with regards to changing the password and you never initiated such a request. In such instances, chances are high that someone is trying to change the password of your Personal Savings account with American Express online.
What Should I Do If I Receive A Text From 32858?
Well, it all depends on what the message says. There are some instances where you will be required to respond to text messages from 32858 while in some you don't have to do anything at all.
For instance, if you've initiated a password change, you'll need to key in the 6-digit code you received through 32858 as instructed. If you've received a text from 32858 informing you of a certain withdrawal you've made then you don't have to do anything.
For more SMS guides related to "Why Did I Receive a Text From 32858," check out:


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How can you make a specific action based on the url by base.html?
I have two if -clauses as context statements in base.html. If there is algebra in the GET, then the given context should be shown.
My url.conf
from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
urlpatterns = patterns('',
 (r'^algebra/$', 'algebra'),
 (r'^mathematics/$','mathematics'),
My base.html in pseudo-code
 {% if algebra %}
 ... -- do this --
 {% endif %}
 {% if math %}
 {% endif %}
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up vote 1 down vote accepted
An alternative to Ned's variable-value-based method is to use two different templates that extend a common base template. E.g.
In templates/base.html:
 {% block main_body %}
 {% endblock main_body %}
 etc., etc.
Then have your algebra view use templates/algebra.html:
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block main_body %}
 do algebra stuff here
{% end block main_body %}
and do something similar for math or whatever. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. Pick the one that feels like the best fit to your problem.
Update: You pass "algebra.html" as the first argument to render_to_response(). It extends "base.html" in that it uses all of it except for the block(s) it explicitly replaces. See Template Inheritance for an explanation of how this works. Template inheritance is a very powerful concept for achieving a consistent look and feel across a large number of pages which differ in their body, but share some or all of the menus, etc. And you can do multi-level template inheritance which is extremely nice for managing sites that have subsections which have significant differences with the "main look" and yet want to share as much HTML/CSS as possible.
This is a key principle in DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) in the template world.
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What is your view -method? Is it def common_view(request): ctx = Context(); return_to_response("base.html", ctx)? – Masi Jan 5 '10 at 4:04
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You don't show your view functions, but here's a simple structure:
def algebra(request):
 return common_view(request, algebra=True)
def math(request):
 return common_view(request, math=True)
def common_view(request, math=False, algebra=False):
 ctx = Context()
 ctx['algebra'] = algebra
 ctx['math'] = math
 # blah blah, all the other stuff you need in the view...
 return render_to_response("base.html", ctx)
(I might have some typos, it's off the top of my head).
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text:
Yes. If you have columns in your course's Grade Center that you no longer need, it's simple to delete them.
- Click the down arrow to the right of the grade column's title to display its options menu.
- Click Delete Column. A confirmation pop-up window will open.
- Click the OK button. The window will close, and the grade column will no longer be in your course's Grade Center.
If you don't see the Delete Column option in a grade column's menu, then it's still associated with an activity in your course (i.e., a quiz, discussion, assignment folder, etc.). You'll need to delete the activity before you can delete the grade column.


text:
We need your help now to make a difference to a child's education.
The British Science Association is a charity that is committed to inspiring the UK's future scientists and engineers. One of the ways we do this is through our CREST Star Investigators scheme.
CREST Star Investigators is a UK wide awards scheme designed to enable children aged five to eleven to solve science, technology, engineering and maths problems through practical investigation. We currently reach 10% of UK primary schools, and an estimated 60,000 young people complete a CREST Star award every year. An external evaluation demonstrated that CREST Star not only increased enthusiasm for science among children, but also improved thinking, talking and listening skills.
We are launching a major redevelopment of CREST Star Investigators to expand the reach and accessibility of the scheme and ensure its future, however we still have a £26,000 shortfall. Your contribution will help us achieve our aim to reach 500 new primary schools a year and to ensure that ALL primary school children have access to the scheme whatever their background and wherever in the UK they are.
The primary school years are crucial in developing a pupil's long-term interest in science. It is during the primary years that children's attitudes to science are nurtured, and later carried over into secondary school and adulthood. With your support the CREST Star Investigators scheme will reach thousands more children.
- Make a one-off donation or set up a regular donation through justgiving.
- Donate by post. Download a British Science Association donation form.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Automated dirt removal with AI and industrial robots
At Parts2Clean 2022, Fraunhofer IPK will demonstrate how intelligent image processing can contribute to maintaining capital goods. AI-based component and dirt detection in combination with innovative robotics and CO2 cleaning technologies enables the automation of maintenance process chains.
Maintenance is a dirty business to begin with: Component contamination must be monitored, and when a certain "dirt level" is reached, intervention, i.e. cleaning, is required. Researchers at Fraunhofer IPK have developed a technology that uses AI methods such as machine learning and deep learning to automatically monitor and determine the soiling degree of components. Pixel-precise segmentation of image data enables to diagnose the extent of surface contamination and to plan cleaning in a targeted manner. In this context, the contamination degree is not only decisive for the timing of cleaning. Process parameters such as the quantity and type of cleaning agents used can also be optimized.
To automate the actual cleaning process, Fraunhofer IPK relies on CO2-based cleaning technologies as well as robot-assisted machining. Blasting with solid carbon dioxide is an environmentally neutral alternative to conventional cleaning processes. Solid CO2 is applied at high speed to the surface to be cleaned. Not only do mechanical effects produce the cleaning effect, but the low temperatures also achieve a thermal effect. To guide the blasting process, researchers at Fraunhofer IPK use industrial robots. Robots have "learned" a lot in recent years: Thanks to modern force control and new solutions for human-robot cooperation, they have evolved into universal and even mobile processing and assembly machines. This makes results more reproducible and reduces the workload of employees.
Visit us at the booth of the Fraunhofer-Business Area Cleaning:
Hall 4, booth B20


Classification
Difference Between Classification and Prediction
Classification is the method of recognizing to which group; a new process belongs to a background of a training data set containing a new process of o...
Difference Between Classification and Regression
Fundamentally, classification is about predicting a label and regression is about predicting a quantity. ... That classification is the problem of pre...
Difference Between Classification and Tabulation
Classification is a process of statistical analysis. It is the process of grouping data according to their characteristics. Tabulation is a process of...


text:
The incised fluvial valleys of the northern Gulf Coast are subdivided into two general categories, high and low sediment supply systems. Low sediment supply valleys are those fluvial valleys where sediment supply is relatively low and the valley is filled partially with estuarine and marine deposits. High sediment supply valleys are those where sediment supply is high enough to fill the valley with fluvial deposits. Modern low sediment supply valleys are occupied by bays, such as Mobile and Galveston bays. Modern high sediment supply rivers flow directly to the coast, such as the Brazos River. High sediment supply rivers are prone to avulsion and therefore occupy numbers valleys over repeated glacial eustatic cycles whereas low sediment supply rivers tend to re-occupy the same valley during several glacial eustatic cycles. Therefore, low sediment supply rivers act more a point sources of sediment to the shelf and slope whereas high sediment supply rivers act more as line sources over several glacial eustatic cycles.
Western Louisiana Shelf
Trinity River Valley
Brazos Incised Valley
La Vaca Incised Valley
Comments, questions? Contact us at


text:
One Belt One Road Scholarships– For the 2024 One Belt, One Road Scholarships Program, applications are now being accepted. The One Belt, One Road Scholarships Program in China does not have a deadline. One Belt One Road Scholarships
Understudies from everywhere the world who wish to seek after their college certifications, expert's projects, or doctoral projects and have gotten acknowledgment for Completely Financed Grants.
One Belt One Road Scholarships The arts, humanities, social sciences, information science, engineering, and life sciences are among the subjects and specialties covered.
A Chinese government drive called One Belt One Street Grant 2023 tries to advance framework development and give instructive open doors to worldwide understudies during the school year 2023-2024. One Belt One Road Scholarships
This completely supported grant offers global understudies a phenomenal chance to seek after their scholarly objectives in China by paying for convenience, everyday costs, a month to month payment, and educational cost.
About One Belt One Road Scholarships Program
- Fully and partially funded scholarship
- Undergraduate, Master's, and PhD programs are available.
- Universities in China are the location for the situation.
- Host country: China
- Application Deadline: Unknown
- Inclusion of educational cost costs: Since the grant deals with all educational cost costs, understudies are allowed to focus on their investigations without agonizing over cash.
- For the span of their grant, awardees get a month to month payment. The amount varies depending on education level. One Belt One Road Scholarships
- Bachelors: There is no stipend offered.
- Master's students pay 3000 RMB per month; PhD students pay 3500 RMB per month. Students can get health insurance at a discounted rate of RMB 800 per year.
- Grant sums: The grant might give extra monetary guide contingent upon the program:
- Ph.D.: 30,000 RMB yearly
- Yearly compensation for graduate degree: 25,000 RMB
- A four year certification procures you 20,000 RMB yearly.
- The annual tuition for Chinese language students is 10,000 RMB.
- Free housing is given by the college to the span of the grant.
- To apply, you should be a resident of one of the nations covered by the One Belt One Street drive.
- To be considered, applicants must possess a bachelor's degree from an accredited university.
- Solid scholastic accomplishment and solid potential for future exploration are firmly liked.
- Application for the One Belt One Street grant can't be submitted simultaneously with some other grant applications.
- Language capacity: Contingent upon the degree program chosen, ability in one or the other English or Chinese is fundamental.
- Age and education requirements: Depending on the level of study, the specific educational and age requirements are different:
- college education: a high school degree Bachelor's degree: Graduate degree
- Graduate degree: Ph.D.
- Online Application structure
- Filtered duplicate of CNIC
- Filtered duplicate of records
- Visa and Public ID Card
- English Capability Evidence (IELTS/TOEFL)
- GRE Test (if relevant)
- Trust Declaration (if material)
- Research Proposition/Plan (Discretionary)
- Mission statement or Inspirational Letter
- Evidence of Past Work Insight (Discretionary)
- Portfolios or Studios (Discretionary)
- Identification size photo
- Two Suggestion Letters
Deadline for the One Belt One Road Scholarships Program
There is no deadline for the One Belt One Road Scholarships Program in China.
How To Apply
- Look at the School Offering the Grant
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The One Belt One Road Scholarships Program, also known as the Belt and Road Scholarships Program, is an initiative by the Chinese government aimed at promoting educational and cultural exchange between countries along the routes of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The BRI is a development strategy that seeks to enhance connectivity and cooperation between countries across Asia, Europe, Africa, and beyond.
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Open Access Publications from the University of California
Persistent Charge-Density-Wave Order in Single-Layer TaSe2.
Abstract
We present the electronic characterization of single-layer 1H-TaSe2 grown by molecular beam epitaxy using a combined angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. We demonstrate that 3 × 3 charge-density-wave (CDW) order persists despite distinct changes in the low energy electronic structure highlighted by the reduction in the number of bands crossing the Fermi energy and the corresponding modification of Fermi surface topology. Enhanced spin-orbit coupling and lattice distortion in the single-layer play a crucial role in the formation of CDW order. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the nature of CDW order in the two-dimensional limit.
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text:
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
- (transitive, physics) To limit the number of possible values of a quantity, or states of a system, by applying the rules of quantum mechanics
- (transitive, telecommunications) To approximate a continuously varying signal by one whose amplitude can only have a set of discrete values
- (transitive, music) To shift each beat in a rhythmic pattern to the nearest beat of a given resolution (eighth note, sixteenth note, etc.), or to adjust the frequency or pitch of a note to the nearest perfect tone in a given musical scale
to limit the number of possible values
to approximate a continuously varying signal
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked


text:
Sloan Canyon Nawghaw Poa Road parking area hours change June 1
LAS VEGAS – The hours of operation for the Sloan Canyon parking area at the end of Nawghaw Poa Road will change to Friday through Sunday from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. starting June 1. The parking area will be closed Monday through Thursday. The change in hours is a result of reduced visitation during the hot summer months.
Sloan Canyon was designated as a National Conservation Area in 2002 and its 48,438 acres provide peace and solitude for those who visit the unique scenic and geologic features and extraordinary cultural resources. Surroundings can vary from lowland dry lake beds to volcanic rock peaks reaching more than 5,000 feet.
The centerpiece of the area is the Sloan Canyon Petroglyph Site, one of the most significant cultural resources in Southern Nevada. Archeologists believe the more than 300 rock art panels with 1,700 individual design elements were created by native cultures from the Archaic to historic era.
Visitors are asked to help preserve this precious resource. While in Petroglyph Canyon, remain on the trail as climbing on the walls near the rock art may cause damage. Photographs and sketches are great ways to remember your visit, but rubbings are not permitted. Please do not touch the rock art because contact with the oils in skin will damage them.
The BLM manages more than 245 million acres of public land located primarily in 12 western states, including Alaska, on behalf of the American people. The BLM also administers 700 million acres of sub-surface mineral estate throughout the nation. Our mission is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of America's public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.


Cloning Oracle database on ASM with Pure FlashArray on to same host
A lot of customers have requested the steps to clone an Oracle database on ASM hosted on Pure FlashArray, on to the same database host like cloning QA database into DEV on the same host.
The problem is, cloning an ASM lun and mounting it onto the same host would result in two luns with same ASM header information that points to the same disk group name and the disk name. Similar to duplicate UUID error we would encounter in a cloned LVM volumes on the same host.
FYI, Oracle generally doesn't support mounting the copy of the ASM lun on to the same server as it is error-prone and admins might accidentally rename or destroy the wrong diskgroup.
This can be accomplished by using the renamedg command that allows changing the diskgroup information at the header level on the cloned lun.
Disclaimer: This post is purely for educational purposes. Use them at your own risk.
Word of Caution
Get acclimated to the cloning process by testing them in a non-production environment before attempting them in production. As a precautionary measure, take the snapshots of the source volumes.
Assumption
 1. The following cloning process assumes the DM devices are named using the alias clause in /etc/multipath.conf file.
First time process
Following are the high-level steps to clone an Oracle database on ASM using Pure FlashArray snapshot functionality onto the same server. These steps are done the very first time when a source database on ASM is cloned and mounted on the same server. If you are performing this cloning on a regular basis, check the next section.
 1. Take the snapshot of the disks that belong to the source database either through Pure GUI or CLI/Rest based APIs. Make the snapshot read/write by copying it into a LUN and attach it to the same host.
 purevol copy dg_qa_data dg_dev_data
 purevol copy dg_qa_fra dg_dev_fra

 2. Update /etc/multipath.conf with WWID of the new LUN and a new alias. (In our case, we updated the alias to dg_dev_data and dg_dev_fra for the cloned luns that correspond to the DATA and FRA from QA).
 3. Restart the multipath services as root user and rescan the SCSI devices by invoking rescan-scsi-bus.sh. Run multipath -ll to verify the new disk shows up with the alias provided.
 4. If you are using ASMlib, perform the following to change the disk name of the cloned ASM volumes.
 oracleasm renamedisk -f [full volume label] [new diskname]

 [root@donald grid]# oracleasm renamedisk -f /dev/mapper/dg_dev_data DEVDATA1
 Writing disk header: done
 Instantiating disk "DEVDATA1": done
 [root@donald grid]# oracleasm renamedisk -f /dev/mapper/dg_dev_fra DEVFRA1
 Writing disk header: done
 Instantiating disk "DEVFRA1":
 5. As grid user (or user with ASM privileges), rename the diskgroup using the renamedg command. Make sure to provide the full volume alias as the asm_diskstring so ASM will update the header of the right volume and not the source volume. (The use of asm_diskstring is available starting 12cR1).
 If you do not want to execute the command rather wanted to see what the command would do, you can use the argument check=TRUE which would list the changes but not execute the actual rename command.
 renamedg dgname=source newdgname=target confirm=TRUE verbose=TRUE asm_diskstring='volume label'
 renamedg dgname=QADATA newdgname=DEVDATA confirm=TRUE asm_diskstring='/dev/mapper/dg_dev_data' verbose=TRUE
 renamedg dgname=QAFRA newdgname=DEVFRA confirm=TRUE asm_diskstring='/dev/mapper/dg_dev_fra' verbose=TRUE

 6. If using udev then login to sqlplus using SYSASM and mount the new diskgroup in restricted mode and perform the next step. If you are using ASMlib, go to step 8.
 alter diskgroup <diskgroup> mount restricted;

 SQL> alter diskgroup DEVDATA mount restricted;
 SQL> alter diskgroup DEVFRA mount restricted;
 7. If you are using udev, you have to change the disk name using the following command that works on Oracle 12c and above.
 alter diskgroup <new diskgroup> rename disk 'CURRENT DISKNAME' to 'NEW DISKNAME';
 SQL> alter diskgroup DEVDATA rename disk 'QADATA1' to 'DEVDATA1';
 SQL> alter diskgroup DEVFRA rename disk 'QAFRA1' to 'DEVFRA1';

 8. Dismount the diskgroup and mount it normally. Now you should have the source diskgroup cloned and mounted with a new diskgroup name on the same host.
 alter diskgroup <diskgroup> dismount;
 alter diskgroup <diskgroup> mount;
 9. Now using the create control file script (generated from the source using "alter database backup controlfile to trace as ccf_db.sql") recreate the control file for the cloned database, perform recovery and open the database in resetlogs mode. You would need a copy of the init.ora file which should reflect changes pertinent to the clone environment.
Periodic cloning process
Follow the steps if you are periodically refreshing the cloned database like DEV or QA with the latest copy of the PROD. In this instance, we are refreshing DEV database from the copy of QA on to the same host.
 1. As the grid user (or as the owner of the ASM instance), drop the diskgroups of the environment to be cloned, including contents.
 SQL> drop diskgroup DEVDATA including contents;
 SQL> drop diskgroup DEVFRA including contents;
 2. If using ASMlib, then delete the ASM disks that were part of the diskgroup that was dropped above as root user.
 [root #] oracleasm deletedisk DEVFRA1
 [root #] oracleasm deletedisk DEVDATA1
 3. Using CLI or REST-based API, take the snapshot of the source volumes and forcefully copy them onto the corresponding destination volumes that are already attached to the host. Make sure you are not overwriting the source luns.
 Note: The overwrite option is available only through CLI or REST-based API and not through GUI to avoid any accidental overwrites. Even if a volume is overwritten, the prior state of the lun is preserved for 24 hours and it can be found under the Destroyed Volumes tab.
 ssh pureuser@<arrayname> purevol copy --overwrite [source volume.snapshot-name] [destination volume]

 SUFFIX='date +%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S'
 ssh pureuser@array-name purevol snap --suffix SNAP-$SUFFIX dg_qa_data dg_qa_fra
 ssh pureuser@array-name purevol copy --overwrite dg_qa_data.SNAP-$SUFFIX dg_dev_data
 ssh pureuser@array-name purevol copy --overwrite dg_qa_fra.SNAP-$SUFFIX dg_dev_fra
 4. If you are using ASMlib, rename the disks of the cloned ASM volumes.
 [root@donald grid]# oracleasm renamedisk -f /dev/mapper/dg_dev_data DEVDATA1
 Writing disk header: done
 Instantiating disk "DEVDATA1": done
 [root@donald grid]# oracleasm renamedisk -f /dev/mapper/dg_dev_fra DEVFRA1
 Writing disk header: done
 Instantiating disk "DEVFRA1": done
 5. As grid user (or user with ASM privileges), rename the diskgroup using the renamedg command. Make sure to provide the full volume alias as the asm_diskstring so ASM will update the header of the right volume and not the source volume.
 renamedg dgname=source newdgname=target confirm=TRUE verbose=TRUE asm_diskstring='volume label'

 renamedg dgname=QADATA newdgname=DEVDATA confirm=TRUE asm_diskstring='/dev/mapper/dg_dev_data' verbose=TRUE
 renamedg dgname=QAFRA newdgname=DEVFRA confirm=TRUE asm_diskstring='/dev/mapper/dg_dev_fra' verbose=TRUE
 6. If using ASMlib, you can just mount the diskgroups that were renamed above.
 SQL> alter diskgroup DEVDATA mount;
 SQL> alter diskgroup DEVFRA mount;
 7. If using udev, then ren


text:
Research in the Division of Dermatology has focused largely on cutaneous malignancy with national recognition for early retinoid therapy work done here.
We work closely with the UA Cancer Center's Skin Cancer Institute, for which dermatologist Clara Curiel-Lewandrowski, MD, serves as director of the Pigmented Lesion Clinic and Multidisciplinary Cutaneous Oncology Program. Dr. Curiel-Lewandrowski's research covers melanoma chemoprevention, early detection of melanoma, cutaneous T cell lymphomas and skin cancer, as well as novel ways in which medical imaging innovations can assist in screenings.
Studies include extended use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly aspirin, and their ability to possibly decrease risk of cutaneous melanoma development—which is responsible for 77 percent of skin cancer deaths.
Skin Cancer Institute/UA Cancer Center
To learn more about other research programs and clinical trials specific to the Skin Cancer Institute or the UA Cancer Center, click here or on one of the links below.
Current Clinical Trials
Clinical trials at the UA College of Medicine - Tucson often involve a research study conducted to evaluate a medical procedure or medical product, such as a drug. Not all University of Arizona studies involve drugs or interventions. Some studies use surveys or evaluate medical records to find new and better ways to help people. Others recruit healthy subjects, or controls, to better evaluate and compare results with those of non-healthy subjects. You can find current clinical trials in specific categories at the links below:
Find other ongoing studies at the UA College of Medicine
How to Participate
Whether you're a potential candidate to participate as a patient or subject in the study, you would like to participate as a "healthy volunteer" for the control group or you're a research or clinical professional interested in collaborating with the research team—simply contact _EMAIL_
Research Resources for Division Faculty and Fellows
Grant Writing Resources:
- UAHS Research Office - Assistance with Submitting Grant Applications
- External Grant Writing Resources
- Proposal Planning
- Seminars and Workshops
- National Center for Faculty Development & Diversity
Getting Started in Clinical Research:
- Getting Started (UAHS Research Administration): Start-Up Process | Research Administration - UArizona Health Sciences
- Institutional Review Board (IRB) applications: Getting Started | UArizona Research, Innovation & Impact
- Research Intake Applications: Research Intake Application (RIA) | Research Administration - UArizona Health Sciences
- Required Training: Training | Research Administration - UArizona Health Sciences
- Statistics Consulting Lab | Stat Lab (bio5.org)
- UA Responsible Conduct of Research Workshops
- Research Support from UArizona Research, Innovation, & Impact
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Research Center - supports medical research studies
- REDCap - Research Electronic Data Capture for research studies


text:
This article presents a polychotomous choice-selectivity model to estimate the interactions among urbanization, land use regulations, and public finance in five western states (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington). Land use regulations in these five states reduced the total developed area by an estimated 12.2% from 1982 to 1992, but increased housing prices between 1.3% and 4.7%, depending on the intensity of land use regulations in a county. Land use regulations also reduced public expenditure and property tax in the long run by 5.6% and 8.4%, respectively, but increased public expenditure and property tax in the short run by 9.8% and 12.6%.
Measuring Interactions Among Urbanization, Land Use Regulations and Public Finance
American Journal of Agricultural Economics
Seong-Hoon Cho, JunJie Wu and William G. Boggess
Ames,IA: American Agricultural Economics Association
November 01, 2003
California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington
Land Use Changes, Land Use Planning


text:
- Enter a word for the dictionary definition.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:
Water gall \Wa"ter gall'\ 1. A cavity made in the earth by a torrent of water; a washout. [1913 Webster] 2. A watery appearance in the sky, accompanying the rainbow; a secondary or broken rainbow. [1913 Webster] These water galls, in her dim element, Foretell new storms to those already spent. --Shak. [1913 Webster] False good news are [is] always produced by true good, like the water gall by the rainbow. --Walpole. [1913 Webster]


text:
Google Toolbar allows spoofing the information presented in the dialog which is being displayed when adding a new Google Toolbar button. This can allow an attacker to convince the users that his button comes from a trusted domain. This button can then be used to download malicious files or conduct phishing attacks (e.g. show a login form of a bank).
- Google Toolbar 5 beta for Internet Explorer
- Google Toolbar 4 for Internet Explorer
- Google Toolbar 4 for Firefox (partially)
Google Toolbar provides a nice API for creating toolbar buttons. Basically, the button information is stored in an XML file.
In order to add a button, the toolbar user must click on a specially crafted link which refers to the button's XML file. When the user click on the link, a dialog appears with all the following details: The domain where the button is being downloaded from, the name, description and icon of the button and some "privacy considerations", which basically shows the domains which the button interacts with (sends/receive information).
By creating a specially crafted URLs it is possible for an attacker to fake the domains displayed in the "Downloaded from" and "Privacy considerations" sections. This specially crafted URL can be created by simply adding an open redirector (e.g. in google.com - _URL_ before the URL.
An attacker can use this vulnerability to gain the victim's trust to add and use the button, and by that the victim will trust the files that the button offer, or enter private information. In the new beta version of the toolbar it is also possible to alert the user every few seconds to click on the button.
In the Firefox version of Google Toolbar it is only possible to fake the "Privacy considerations" section.
A proof-of-concept which adds a "critical update" button can be found here. Use it at your own risk, though it shouldn't do anything but suggest you to download gupdate.exe from my site, which is basically the windows calculator.
Workaround / Suggestion
Google have acknowledged this and are already working on a fix.
Until a fixed version is provided, I suggest to avoid adding new buttons to the toolbar.


Inside 214-1E
Existential Pontification and Generalized Abstract Digressions
Computing function composition
This is an addendum to my second example in Anatomy of a thunk leak, in which I'd like to propose another solution to the space leak, involving computing the composition of all of these thunks. This solution is particularly notable because it preserves the denotation of the original function, that is, that f l (undefined, undefined) = (undefined, undefined). This should be surprising, because I claimed that it would be impossible for GHC to optimize a function with that had this denotation into one without the space leak by more eagerly evaluating some thunks. There is no contradiction: the optimization we would like to apply here is one of partial evaluation. Didn't understand that? Don't worry, a concrete example is coming soon.
As Heinrich Apfelmus points out, the space leak can be visualized as a large graph of expressions which has not been collapsed into a single value: 1 + (1 + (1 + (1 + (1 + (1 + ...))))). We can visualize this graph being built up in successive iterations of the function:
/img/composition/leak.png
The point of introducing strictness (and thus changing the denotation of the function) is that we keep collapsing (evaluating) the tree.
/img/composition/strict.png
But notice the value highlighted in red: we must know what this value is before we can do any computation. But if this value is unknown (or, in our case, if we don't want to evaluate it while we are forming this graph), our strategy doesn't really work. We can't collapse the entire tree. However, (and this is the key), because addition is associative, we can rotate the tree, and then evaluate the (now left) subtree.
/img/composition/manual.png
In effect, all of the thunks have been merged together: instead of 1 + 1 + 1 + X. we now have 3 + X. Simple! Here is the implementation:
f l (x0, x1) = go l (0, 0)
 where go [] (!c0, !c1) = (c0 + x0, c1 + x1)
 go (x:xs) !c = go xs (tick x c)
tick x (!c0, !c1) | even x = (c0, c1 + 1)
 | otherwise = (c0 + 1, c1)
go is essentially the strict version of f, but at the end of the iteration it returns a pair with two thunks: c0 + x0 and c1 + x1, were both c0 and c1 have been fully evaluated.
Here's another way of thinking of how we're doing things:
/img/composition/peval.png
It would be pretty cool if this could be done automatically, and it would pretty applicable in other domains too. Combining functions that are associative are a precious commodity when it comes to parallelization.
3 Responses to "Computing function composition"
 1. John Salvatier says:
 Is this basically a subcase of supercompilation? _URL_
 2. Heinrich Apfelmus says:
 Yay for graphs. :-)
 I think the point is that the optimized function has no direct recursive definition. Instead, you define it in terms of a recursive helper function.
 I'm not sure whether partial evaluation is relevant here. I think you can't optimize (1+). (1+) to (2+) without knowing that (+) is associative. Evaluation inside the lambda doesn't help with that.
 3. John: Not sure, but IIRC supercompilation is compile time and this needs to happen at runtime.
 Heinrich: Yes, that's the straightforward translation. The correctness of this approach is ensured by the associativity of plus (though it's probably not strictly necessary.)
 Actually, the key for function composition is not the associativity of plus, but the associativity of function composition. You just need to know how to combine function appropriately.
Leave a Comment


text:
05 March 2020
Engelberg Monastery 900th Anniversary
When monks arrived in this region in the High Middle Ages, it is said that they were greeted by singing angels. This is where Engelberg Monastery, founded in 1120, and the nearby town get their name. The prominent mountain, where the singing was heard, is now called Hahnen and is Engelberg's local mountain. Ever since it was founded, the Benedictine monastery has shaped the history of the high valley. Following the founding of the Engelberg writing school in the mid-1100s, it has played a leading role in education, and today, it has its own training campus. The current monastery building was built after its third fire in 1729 and is one of the largest baroque buildings in Central Switzerland. The monastery's church is in fact also a parish church. In the western gallery, you will find the organ. With its 9097 pipes distributed across 137 stops, it is the largest organ in Switzerland and one of the largest in the world.


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Suppose $X$ and $Y$ are Banach spaces whose dual spaces are isometrically isomorphic. It is certainly true that $X$ and $Y$ need not be isometrically isomorphic, but must it be true that there is a continuous (not necessarily isometric) isomorphism of $X$ onto $Y$?
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5 Answers
up vote 13 down vote accepted
Indeed, $\ell_1$ provides a strong counterexample. As noted by Matt, the spaces C(X), where X is countable and compact, provide nonisomorphic Banach spaces whose duals are isomorphic to $\ell_1$. If X is countable and compact (and Hausdorff, of course!) then X is homeomorphic to a closed ordinal interval [0, a] (equipped with its natural order topology) for some countable ordinal a; this result is known as the Mazurkiewicz-Sierpinski theorem. About 50 years ago Bessaga and Pelczynski showed that if a and b are infinite countable ordinals and a < b, then C([0, a]) is isomorphic to C([0, b]) if and only if b < a^*w*, where w denotes the first infinite ordinal. Thus C([0, w]) is in fact isomorphic to C([0, w^2]), contrary to Gerald's assertion above. Moreover, the least infinite ordinal b such that C([0, b]) is not isomorphic to C([0, w]) is b = w^w. Combining the Mazurkiewicz-Sierpinski result with the Bessaga=Pelczynski result, one has that each space C(X), where X is countable and compact, is isomorphic to C([0, w^(w^*a*)]) for a unique countable ordinal a. In particular, there are uncountably many nonisomorphic Banach spaces whose duals are isometrically isomorphic to $\ell_1$, namely the spaces C([0, w^(w^*a*)]), where a varies over the set of countable ordinals.
$\ell_1$ has other preduals too. For example, a 1972 paper from the Israel Journal of Mathematics by Yoav Benyamini and Joram Lindenstrauss exhibits a Banach space E whose dual is isometrically isomorphic to $\ell_1$, but E is not isomorphic to any space of the form C(X).
Although Gerald's assertion that the Cantor-Bendixson rank distinguishes between spaces of continuous functions on countable compact spaces is not correct, there is a rank/index that does distinguish between the isomorphism classes of these spaces, namely the Szlenk index. In fact the Szlenk index may be used to prove the 'only if' direction of the Bessaga-Pelczysnki result.
I strongly recommend Chapter 2 of the book Biorthogonal Systems in Banach Spaces by Hajek et al if you want to read about the Szlenk index and a proof of the Bessaga-Pelczynski result. That book also contains a sketch proof of the Mazurkiewicz-Sierpinski theorem; for a full account of that theorem I recommend Section 8 of Semadeni's classic book Banach spaces of continuous functions.
If you want a different example, I think the James-tree space JT would do. JT is separable but its dual is (at least I think so - it is worth checking!) isometrically isomorphic to the dual of the direct sum $*JT \oplus H*$, where H is Hilbert space of dimension equal to the cardinality of the continuum. In particular, $*JT \oplus H*$ cannot be isomorphic to JT because they have different density characters, but their duals are isometrically isomorphic. If you want to check the details of this example consult Chapter 13 of the Albiac and Kalton book recommended above by Matthew.
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If X is any countable, compact topological space, then consider the Banach space C(X). The dual space is the finite measures on X, but as any measure is countably additive, and X is countable, taking some ordering we get an isometric isomorphism between C(X)* and $\ell_1$. But not all such C(X) are isomorphic: you can find such X by taking a countable ordinal w and considering the closed interval [0,w]. This is all very nicely explained in the book "Topics in Banach Space Theory" by Albiac and Kalton.
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One may also remark that $c_{0}$ $\times$ (ℓ∞$/c_{0}$) is a predual of (ℓ∞)$^*$.
However, $c_{0}$ $\times$ (ℓ∞$/c_{0}$) is not isomorphic to ℓ∞.
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Nice example Ady, that one has never crossed my mind. – Philip Brooker Jan 23 '10 at 0:49
More striking than this is that the separable space C[0,1] has dual which is isometrically isomorphic to the dual of the non separable space QC[0,1] (the uniform closure of the step functions on [0,1], so it is also a C(K) space). As Philip mentioned, JT provides a similar example, but of course is not isomorphic to a C(K) space. – Bill Johnson Jan 23 '10 at 16:29
IMO, to be "more striking" is only a question of taste. Since, in my example, the two preduals are homeomorphic, due to an easy application of the Michael Selection Theorem. – Ady Feb 1 '10 at 20:58
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There are non-isomorphic preduals of $\ell_1$, but I'm afraid I don't know a reference for this. Recently, Argyros and Haydon solved a long-standing open problem by constructing a predual of $\ell_1$ with extraordinary properties; $c_0$ would not have done the job...
Actually, I now realize I'm not quite sure about the isometric version -- that is, what happens if you assume the duals are isometric and not just isomorphic. But I would be very surprised if the answer to your question was yes.
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If K, L are countable compact metric spaces, then the isomorphism of C(K) and C(L) depends on the Cantor-Bendixson rank... If the first empty derived set of K is K^(n) and the first empty derived set of L is L^(m) and n \ne m, then C(K) and C(L) are not isomorphic. So, for example, C([0,w]) and C([0,w^2]) are not isomporphic. But (as noted previously) their duals are both isometric to l^1.
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Thanks to Philip for correcting this. – Gerald Edgar Jan 23 '10 at 0:56
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text:
Salt of Hartshorn, also known as baker's ammonia, is a leavening agent that was originally made from hartshorn oil. Nowadays, salt of hartshorn is chemically produced. It contains ammonium carbonate.
Salt of Hartshorn is used as a leavening agent in baking pastries, especially in some traditional recepies.
Other tips for use:
– Starting a new aquarim
– Protecting berry bushes from birds:
One sachet (30 g) of ammonium carbonate is divided into three 0,5 l bottles filled with water. Bottles are then digged in the ground between the berry bushes so that the liquid can evaporate freely from the bottle. Evaporating liquid with its odor keeps the birds away from berry bushes. Human cannot smell the odor.
Chemically produced, not of animal origin. Store at room temperature, tightly closed.
Sachet 30 g


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I'm a newbie in expert systems and in CLIPS in particular (besides in English language too :-) ).
I'm trying to find a maximum (in some meaning) among facts using complicated comparsion predicate. A comparsion predicate is implemented as a function which takes two facts as an arguments. In simple words I need CLIPS to run over all facts, make comparsion using my predicate and give back one fact that is maximum.
One solution might be to evaluate next expression using CLIPS rules:
( Exists x) and not ((Exists y)(y != x) and (y>x))
where ">" stands for my predicate, x and y are facts, like that:
(deftemplate fact (slot name ... ) ... )
(deffunction my-predicate ""
(?fact1 ?fact2)
...
)
(defrule find-max ""
 ?fact1 <- (fact (name ?name1) )
 ( not (test (my-predicate ?fact1 (fact (name ?name2 )))))
=>
...
)
But this example isn't working because of error message about 2nd argument in my-predicate function call.
Another solution is to make intermediate facts that represents base facts with particular name and value of comparsion function for predicate. But this will need several iterations to accomplish final result.
I prefer 1st solution but i don't understand how to code it. I think I need something like in answer to this question. The difference is that my question is about comparsion of whole fact, not just one slot.
Is it possible to find maximum for one activation of rule? If possible, please explain how.
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1 Answer 1
up vote 1 down vote accepted
Here's how you would typically do it with a simple comparison:
CLIPS> (clear)
CLIPS>
(deftemplate fact (slot name) (slot value))
CLIPS>
(deffacts test-data
 (fact (name data-1) (value 3))
 (fact (name data-2) (value 1))
 (fact (name data-3) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-4) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-5) (value 4))
 (fact (name data-6) (value 3)))
CLIPS>
(defrule find-max-value
 (fact (name ?name1) (value ?value1))
 (not (fact (value ?value2&:(> ?value2 ?value1))))
 =>
 (printout t "Fact " ?name1 " is the maximum" crlf))
CLIPS> (reset)
CLIPS> (run)
Fact data-5 is the maximum
CLIPS>
The same basic approach also works if you bind all of the slot values needed for comparison and pass them into a function:
CLIPS> (clear)
CLIPS>
(deftemplate fact (slot name) (slot value))
CLIPS>
(deffacts test-data
 (fact (name data-1) (value 3))
 (fact (name data-2) (value 1))
 (fact (name data-3) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-4) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-5) (value 4))
 (fact (name data-6) (value 3)))
CLIPS>
(deffunction my-predicate (?value1 ?value2)
 (> ?value1 ?value2))
CLIPS>
(defrule find-max-value
 (fact (name ?name1) (value ?value1))
 (not (fact (value ?value2&:(my-predicate ?value2 ?value1))))
 =>
 (printout t "Fact " ?name1 " is the maximum" crlf))
CLIPS> (reset)
CLIPS> (run)
Fact data-5 is the maximum
CLIPS>
Passing in a fact to the function, however, is problematic because you can't bind the pattern to a fact address inside a not conditional element. If the fact has a slot that serves as a unique identifier, you can use this to retrieve a pointer to the fact (although I wouldn't recommend this approach):
CLIPS> (clear)
CLIPS>
(deftemplate fact (slot name) (slot value))
CLIPS>
(deffacts test-data
 (fact (name data-1) (value 3))
 (fact (name data-2) (value 1))
 (fact (name data-3) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-4) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-5) (value 4))
 (fact (name data-6) (value 3)))
CLIPS>
(deffunction my-predicate (?fact1 ?fact2)
 (> (fact-slot-value ?fact1 value) (fact-slot-value ?fact2 value)))
CLIPS>
(defrule find-max-value
 ?fact1 <- (fact (name ?name1))
 (not (fact (name ?name2&:(my-predicate (nth$ 1 (find-fact ((?fact2 fact))
 (eq ?fact2:name ?name2)))
 ?fact1))))
 =>
 (printout t "Fact " ?name1 " is the maximum" crlf))
CLIPS> (reset)
CLIPS> (run)
Fact data-5 is the maximum
CLIPS>
What I would suggest doing is to use the fact query functions to iterate over the facts to find the maximum value:
CLIPS> (clear)
CLIPS>
(deftemplate fact (slot name) (slot value))
CLIPS>
(deffacts test-data
 (fact (name data-1) (value 3))
 (fact (name data-2) (value 1))
 (fact (name data-3) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-4) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-5) (value 4))
 (fact (name data-6) (value 3)))
CLIPS>
(deffunction my-predicate (?fact1 ?fact2)
 (> (fact-slot-value ?fact1 value) (fact-slot-value ?fact2 value)))
CLIPS>
(deffunction find-max (?template ?predicate)
 (bind ?max FALSE)
 (do-for-all-facts ((?f ?template)) TRUE
 (if (or (not ?max) (funcall ?predicate ?f ?max))
 then
 (bind ?max ?f)))
 (return ?max))
CLIPS>
(reset)
CLIPS> (facts)
f-0 (initial-fact)
f-1 (fact (name data-1) (value 3))
f-2 (fact (name data-2) (value 1))
f-3 (fact (name data-3) (value 2))
f-4 (fact (name data-4) (value 2))
f-5 (fact (name data-5) (value 4))
f-6 (fact (name data-6) (value 3))
For a total of 7 facts.
CLIPS> (find-max fact my-predicate)
<Fact-5>
CLIPS>
(defrule find-max
 =>
 (bind ?fact (find-max fact my-predicate))
 (if ?fact
 then
 (printout t "Fact " (fact-slot-value ?fact name) " is the maximum" crlf)))
CLIPS> (run)
Fact data-5 is the maximum
CLIPS>
Although CLIPS does not, many languages do support accumulation conditional elements which makes it easier to perform this type of calculation. For example, in Jess you can do this:
Jess>
(deftemplate fact (slot name) (slot value))
TRUE
Jess>
(deffacts test-data
 (fact (name data-1) (value 3))
 (fact (name data-2) (value 1))
 (fact (name data-3) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-4) (value 2))
 (fact (name data-5) (value 4))
 (fact (name data-6) (value 3)))
TRUE
Jess> (if FALSE then 3 else 4)
4
Jess>
(defrule find-max-value
 ?c <- (accumulate (bind ?max FALSE)
 (if (or (not ?max) (> ?value ?max))
 then (bind ?max ?value))
 ?max
 (fact (value ?value)))
 =>
 (printout t "The max is " ?c crlf))
TRUE
Jess> (reset)
TRUE
Jess> (run)
The max is 4
1
Jess>
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text:
BARCELONA, Spain — Motorola thinks we may be wearing our phones on our wrist in future.
The company, which is owned by Chinese tech giant Lenovo, showed off a bendable smartphone during the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain, after teasing it in a video last year.
It is just a concept product so it may never be released. But Motorola is keen to show the progress of display technology to stand out in the crowded smartphone market.
During a demonstration, a Motorola representative showed how the phone could bend in various ways to wrap around a wrist or stand up on a table.
When the phone is wrapped around the wrist, the way information is displayed changes. For example, the apps appear at the top of the screen.
The representative said the phone is "contextually aware" so adapts depending on how it has been bent.
The mechanism that allows the phone to bend was desecribed by the Motorola representative as similar to the way the human spine works.
In one demonstration, the representative used the phone to take a picture of a dress. The phone then generated a background that complemented the outfit. That background could be applied to the device so that when a user wears it, the phone is a fashion accessory.
Lenovo and Motorola often show off protoypes of devices. During MWC, Lenovo revealed a laptop with a see-through screen. Last year, Motorola touted a smartphone with a screen that rolled up.
The bendable display from Motorola appears to build on some of the advances made with foldable screens in recent years. Motorla revived its iconic Razr brand in 2020 as a foldable smartphone.


text:
The objective of this study was to investigate an indirect method of measuring the average junction temperature of a
white organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on temperature sensitivity differences in the radiant power emitted by
individual emitter materials (i.e., "blue," "green," and "red"). The measured spectral power distributions (SPDs) of the
white OLED as a function of temperature showed amplitude decrease as a function of temperature in the different
spectral bands, red, green, and blue. Analyzed data showed a good linear correlation between the integrated radiance for
each spectral band and the OLED panel temperature, measured at a reference point on the back surface of the panel. The
integrated radiance ratio of the spectral band green compared to red, (G/R), correlates linearly with panel temperature.
Assuming that the panel reference point temperature is proportional to the average junction temperature of the OLED
panel, the G/R ratio can be used for estimating the average junction temperature of an OLED panel.


text: K-Vest is the industry leading motion capture system, allowing to capture 6 Degrees of freedom (turn, bend, side bend, sway, thrust, and lift) currently used by Andrew Stephens and Sara Stephens. This system allows us to measure the body's rotation and linear movements. K-VEST's 6D technology platform consistently and accurately analyzes the motion of a golfer's swing in 6 degrees of freedom. Unlike anything on the market today, K-VEST 6D captures swing efficiency, via the kinematic sequence graph, and also allows users to measure key rotational and linear biomechanical information. Not only can the K-Vest identify faulty motor patterns, but in a matter of seconds my students can use Dynamic Visual Training to see, feel, and hear the correct movements of the body. Feeling a swing change has never been more simple. K-Vest will allow us to correct inefficient movements in your swing and maximize your potential as a golfer and an athlete.


text:
|How to obtain Swiss citizenship|
Home > Swiss Residency > Residence permits > FAQ > General questions > Citizenship
Swiss citizenship can be acquired through what is called naturalization.
To become naturalized, you need to have resided in Switzerland for at least twelve years, three of which occurred within the five years prior to the request. Time spent in Switzerland between the ages of 10 and 20 years counts double.
Phase one: federal authorization
The request is to be made to the Aliens Police in the municipality of residence. From there, it will then be sent to the Federal Department of Justice and Police, who will give a principle authorization if the following conditions are met:
- You are integrated in the Swiss community.
- You are accustomed to Swiss way of life and practices.
- You comply with the Swiss legal system.
- You in no way compromise the internal or external security of Switzerland.
Since Switzerland is a federal country, authorization must then be obtained from the canton and the municipality.
Phase two: cantonal and municipal decisions
The canton and municipality of residence can add further conditions and set the cost of acquiring citizenship before approving it. Conditions vary greatly from one region to the next. Some municipalities apply rather open policies, while others will go as far as granting nationality by means of a local population vote. Cost also varies according to municipality and canton.


text:
Saturday, May 5, 2012
What happens when a raindrop, travelling at terminal velocity, hits a butterfly.....?
I've never seen an insect actually hit by a raindrop but I did once read an eyewitness account (of dubious reliability) of such a collision with a bumblebee in flight, which supposedly killed the bee. It came to mind yesterday as a dark rain cloud slid over the sun while I was photographing this newly-minted female orange tip butterfly visiting bluebells.
Almost immediately the butterfly folded its wings as completely as possible, assumed a vertical position on a bluebell infloresence and even aligned its antennae tightly in line with its body axis - all of which presented the smallest possible target for a falling raindrop. I wonder if this instinctive behaviour is triggered by the sudden drop in light level and temperature that's characteristic of an approaching shower on a spring day? Many insects crawl away under leaves during rain showers but orange tips always seem to roost in the open. I've often found dew-covered specimens early in the morning.
As soon as the sudden and very heavy shower had passed I went out to take a look and found the butterfly unharmed..... hard to believe that it hadn't been knocked off its perch by the downpour!


text:
This guideline has been developed by the Department of Primary Industries (DPI) to support the sustainable development of turf farming in New South Wales.
The purpose of this primefact is to:
- provide local consent authorities with a clear set of requirements that should be addressed in development applications (DA) for turf farming,
- promote establishment of turf farms in areas which allow long-term sustainable operation,
- assist the turf industry to minimise effects on the environment, adjoining landholders and the general community by identifying the environmental management considerations.


text:
Abstract： The term "risk-domain specificity" refers to the domain-specific nature of risky decision making due to the presence of factors that are particular to a certain content domain. Based on classical risky decision making theories stemming from laws of expectation, risk-taking propensity is domain-general. On the other hand, substantial evidences from past studies indicate that risk-taking propensity is domain-specific. The literature on risk-domain specificity has witnessed considerable progress in terms of mechanisms, measurements, and independent variables. Theoretically, early mainstream mechanisms deconstructed risk behavior based on a risk-return framework, whereas recent studies have validated the mechanisms with new sets of evidence and explained risk-domain specificity from the perspectives of evolution, personality and motivation. In terms of measurements, Domain-specific Risk Taking Scale (DOSPERT), as a dominant scale, has been further validated in various cultures, content domains, and groups. In comparison, other scales based on different content domains have been proven to be consistent and valid. In terms of independent variables, the regularity of risk-domain specificity has been proposed from various perspectives, such as genetics, environment and individual differences. Future research may focus on content domain integration and theory validation in detailed content domains as well as exploring regularity and mechanisms of risk-domain specificity at an individual level.
岳灵紫, 李纾, 梁竹苑. 风险决策中的领域特异性[J]. 心理科学进展, 2018, 26(5): 928-938.
YUE Ling-Zi, LI Shu, LIANG Zhu-Yuan. New avenues for the development of domain-specific nature of risky decision making. Advances in Psychological Science, 2018, 26(5): 928-938.


text:
Cairns to the Cape
We are excited to be partnering with Churches of Christ for our Cairns to the Cape Christmas Appeal! Help us bring joy to children, young people, foster and kinship carers across Cape York this Christmas.
What is Cairns to the Cape?
The Churches of Christ Children, Youth and Families division is based in Cairns and serves all foster children and families in Aurukun, Pormpuraaw, Kowanyama, Weipa, Napranum, Mapoon and Lockhart River. Children belong in safe and caring homes, but families are complicated and some face significant challenges that mean it's not safe for children and young people to remain at home. Even while children cannot stay at home, Churches of Christ support them to build positive, healthy relationships with their family through the committed support of foster and kinship carers.
It is thanks to these dedicated individuals and families that children and young people are able to grow and find belonging in their community. Our church is going to bless and encourage them by sending a Christmas gift hamper for each foster family!
How do I participate?
It's super simple:
- Choose a foster family from the list (or decide to buy a few items or make an optional financial donation to contribute to a hamper)
- Use the shopping list we provide to go shopping for hamper items!
- Return the gifts by Sunday 30th October
What should I buy?
We want to fill these hampers to help foster families celebrate, enjoy a shared meal and bring their family together at Christmas. Food is quite difficult to get in remote communities at the moment, so this hamper will be a big blessing.
In addition to what you buy for your hamper, we are going to buy and refrigerate a small ham for each family. Additional financial donations to Cairns to the Cape will cover this cost.
Please buy at least one thing from each list below, and feel free to buy additional items from the lists to fill the hamper. Please don't buy any items that are too big, or in quantities that prevent the lid from staying closed (the hampers are 22cm x 35cm x 29cm).
#1 An item of special Christmas food
- Tinned Christmas fruit e.g. cherries/plums
- Christmas cake & UHT Custard
- Tinned wafer biscuits/sticks
- Tinned meat or soup
#2 An item for a family snack
- Dried fruit
- Tea or coffee
#3 A game for the family to play together
- Card game
- Small board game
#4 A small gift for each child/teenager in the family
- Be mindful of the age and gender of the person you are buying for.
- For children: Book, toy, sport, hobby item, craft kit, hat, puzzle, hairbrush/comb/hair ties (gift set), bath or body lotion (gift set).
- For teenagers: headphones, speaker, comic book, jewellery, fishing item, hairbrush/comb/hair ties (gift set), bath or body lotion (gift set).
#5 Something special to celebrate Christmas
- Christmas crackers (bon bons) or decorations
- A hand-written Christmas greeting card
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there anything I am not allowed to buy?
Please do not include aerosol cans, medicine, vitamins, used clothes, anything easily breakable or food that melts easily or will perish in the next 6 months. You can wrap gifts with clear cellophane, but don't fully seal the wrapping as each item needs to be checked by staff before delivery.
Can I put in bibles, scriptures, or items about Jesus?
We want to respect and honour the reality that some Aboriginal communities may still suffer effects of historical harm by churches. Our goal is not to evangelise, but to show a simple expression of love and generosity – the recipients will know the gifts come from a church community who cares.
Will the recipients know who bought the gifts for them?
Churches of Christ workers will personally deliver the hamper you have filled to each family and explain where the gifts are from. If you include a hand-written Christmas greeting card please only include your first names (e.g. from Nick and Sarah). For any hampers made up of contributions from a number of people, we'll include a greeting card with the first names of those people.
How can I make a financial donation to cover the cost of the hams?
You can give towards this project by credit card on our website (select "Cairns to the Cape donation") or at the Info Desk on Sundays, or by placing cash in a marked envelope in a Giving Box on Sundays.
I have more questions or need help.
Contact us and we will get back to you asap.


ASC
Converts double-byte (full-width) characters to single-byte (half-width) ASCII and katakana characters.
note
Sintaksė
ASC(Text)
Text: the text string that contains characters to be converted.
note
Applying the ASC function to a string composed of single-byte characters will return the input string without any modifications.
Pavyzdžiai
=ASC("LibreOffice") returns the string "LibreOffice". No modifications were made because all characters are single-byte characters.
=ASC("ライト") returns the string "ﾗｲﾄ", which is composed of single-byte characters.
Paremkite mus!


Parabola recording
The Macaulay Library is here to help you meet the challenges of recording birds and other animals in the wild. This page contains tips on how to maximize the quality of your recordings.
Know your gear
Check that your gear is functioning properly before taking it into the field. Be sure you know how it works and you feel comfortable setting it up and using it. This makes it more likely you can take advantage of great recording opportunities in the field. The more comfortable you are with your equipment, the more enjoyable your experience and the better your recordings will be. For information on choosing recording gear, check out our recording equipment pages, as well as our 2019 gear review.
Create uncompressed.WAV files
WAV is the standard audio format used at the Macaulay Library, the Library of Congress, and other sound archives dedicated to the long-term preservation of audio. WAV is an uncompressed audio format that provides an accurate copy of wildlife sounds, maximizing the usefulness of your recordings for research and conservation today and in the future. By contrast, compressed file types like MP3 and M4A are often the default on smartphones and other recorders, but discard audio information that can be important. Learn more about WAV files and compression.
Get close to your subject
Getting closer dramatically increases the volume of your target compared to the background, resulting in a cleaner, more audible recording. Cutting your distance in half doubles the perceived loudness of the desired signal, and is a good goal to strive for when approaching a bird. Get closer, but try to move slowly and quietly, being careful not to disturb your subject.
Aim your microphone
Position the microphone to minimize obstructions between it and the vocalizing animal. When using a directional microphone, aim it directly at the subject. This is especially important when using a parabolic microphone system, given its extreme directionality. Keep your eye on your subject (if you can see it) so you can follow its movements and keep it "in focus." Consider adjusting your position to reduce interfering noise: put your back to unwanted noise if you are using a parabola and put the noise to the side if you are using a shotgun microphone. The proper aim will increase the quality of the recording while reducing the interference of background noise.
Set the record level to avoid distortion
If your recorded sound is louder than your recorder's maximum level (0 dB on the recorder's meter), you will introduce distortion into your recording. To avoid this, set your record level so that the loudest part of the target vocalization peaks at a safe level (such as -12 dB). Check the record level of your target species and adjust the level before you press record. Note that with 32-bit recorders like the Sound Devices MixPre-3 II, level-setting is much less important and distorted recordings can be recovered. Most recording devices still do not enjoy this benefit, however.
Peaking at a safe level (left); distortion occurring (right)
Don't adjust the record level during the recording
Set the record level at the start of each recording and, if possible, leave it unchanged for the remainder of the recording. Changing the record level during a recording results in an uneven sound that affects the quality of the recording. Try to only adjust the level if your subject becomes so loud that you risk distortion (see above.)
Make longer recordings
The most valuable recordings are ones that capture many calls or songs, or capture the variation of calls and songs. If you are in a good situation, it is worth recording for several minutes. However, also consider whether you have the opportunity to get closer or otherwise take action to obtain a better recording. If so, you may wish to end your first recording after a minute or two and try for a better opportunity. The better the quality of the recording, the more worthwhile it is to keep going. And the longer you record, the more likely it is that your subject will do something interesting!
Find quiet, be quiet
Microphones are sensitive and will pick up everything around them. Everyday sounds like traffic, airplanes, and moving water can be tuned out by our brains, but show up as unwanted background noise in recordings. If you can find an area where these noises are less prominent, it will be much easier to obtain a clean recording.
It is also important to remember that microphones pick up sounds close to them better than distant birds, and nothing is closer to the microphone than you. Be aware of the sounds you or your companions make. Try not to move, walk, talk, or otherwise make noise during a recording, and ask any companions with you ahead of time to do the same. Minimize handling noise by being careful about how you hold your microphone or recording device. A shock mount for a microphone is very useful for reducing unwanted bumps and clicks caused by your hand. A windscreen also reduces the impact gusts of wind have on your recordings. Finally, keeping yourself quiet is easier when you wear "quiet" clothing like fleece, wool, or cotton, rather than noisier clothing like a raincoat.
Make a voice announcement
It's easy to lose track of exactly what happened during a particular recording, especially if you're cataloging it days or weeks after it was made. Making a voice announcement at the end of each recording can help you and future listeners figure out what was going on and capture important contextual information that may be relevant to the sound the bird was making. Describe basic information such as the species, date, time, and location. Most importantly, describe the behavior of the bird. Where was it when you recorded it? What was it doing? Was it moving around or on a perch? Were there other individuals or species that made sounds in the recording or that may have influenced the vocalizations of your subject? Anything you can say about what was going on is valuable information and can be hard to figure out later on. Habitat, weather, and recording equipment can also be useful to mention, perhaps in your first recording of the morning.
Review, organize, edit, and upload your field recordings
You put in a lot of hard work to get your recordings, so don't waste your efforts, share them with the world! The sooner you can organize your files and get them archived, the less likely it is that any data will be lost. Try keeping them organized in folders by day, then follow our archival editing suggestions and upload them to your eBird checklist!


Sequential Max-Min Bilevel Programming with Incomplete Information and Learning
Speaker
Abstract
We present a framework for a class of sequential decision-making problems in the context of max-min bilevel programming, a class of hierarchical optimization problems with applications in network interdiction, defense, vulnerability analysis, among others. At each period, the leader allocates resources to disrupt the performance of the follower (e.g., as in the defender-attacker, attacker-defender or interdiction problems), who in turn minimizes some cost function over a set of activities that depend on the leader's decision. While the follower has complete knowledge of his/her problem, the leader has only partial information, and needs to learn about the cost parameters, available resources, and the follower's activities from the feedback generated by the follower's actions. We propose a class of greedy and robust policies and show that these policies are weakly optimal, eventually match the oracle's actions, and provide a real-time certificate of optimality. In particular, we measure policy performance in terms of its time-stability, defined as the number of periods it takes for the leader to match the actions of an oracle with complete information. We also study a lower bound on any policy performance based on the notion of a semi-oracle. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed policies consistently outperform several other reasonable benchmarks, and perform fairly close to the semi-oracle.


text: In this study, an impact strength measurement method based on high speed photography, that has been developed for testing porous concrete, was introduced. In the experiments, a drop weight impact test setup instrumented with a high speed camera was used. The impact strength analyses were conducted using impedance mismatch method, where the wave reverberations were investigated in detail. The measurement configuration carries the advantage of being a fast, non-contact and accurate experimental method where only the known material properties and particle velocity data of the drop weight are required. The target cementitious material itself is not actually involved in the measurements or the subsequent analyses. The method also facilitates the observation of the crack patterns throughout the experiment. The measurement method was verified to be accurate and consistent by testing different types of porous concretes and by comparing the results with those from other dynamic monitoring techniques, such as laser Doppler velocimetry and direct stress gauge measurements. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


text:
Hunza, January 19: Pakistan Army would work on releasing water from the lake formed on Hunza river. Immigration officials have been ordered to open the Chinese border to facilitate the people of Gojal Valley. The deputy commissioner of Hunza- Nagar, Zafar Waqat Taj, shared these informations with journalists during a press briefing. He further said that releasing water from the lake might take around forty five days.
He further said that 3000 liters of fuel and additional ration to feed the population of Gojal valley for two weeks has been stored in the region.
He also said that different organizations are conducting studies on the lake and monitoring its behavior.
He also appreciated the role of various NGOs, including FOCUS Humanitarian Assistance, Pakistan Red Crescent Society, other community based organizations and the local people for playing unprecedented role in normalization of the disaster situation.
According to reports the water outlet is about 98 meter, 295 feet, high from the present water level in the lake. An expert monitoring the water movement informed this scribe that the water rise rate at the main block remained 4 ft in 24 hrs and 3.6 ft in 24 hrs in Ayeenabad. The water has covered about 400 meter of KKH in Ayeenabad further disconnecting about 4 km of KKH. The water has damaged the fields and orchards of about 32 families among them 8 families have lost all their belongings. The water has collapsed about 4 cattle sheds and poses immediate threats to about 9-12 houses.


Using the Compute Derivative Tool in SMS
With the release of the SMS 13.1 beta, a new tool has been added to the Dataset Toolbox. The Dataset Toolbox contains many tools for creating new datasets from existing data in your project. The Dataset Toolbox contains the Data Calculator as well as tools for comparing datasets and completing certain functions.
Among all the tools currently available, the Compute Derivative tool has been added to the Temporal tools in the Dataset Toolbox. In a previous blog post we discussed the other temporal tools if you want to review the function of those tools. The Compute Derivative tool allows you to create a new dataset showing the change from one time step to the next, or the derivative from one time step to the next of an existing dataset.
To access and use the Computer Derivative tool, do the following:
 1. Have a transient dataset loaded into the project.
 2. Use the Data | Dataset Toolbox command.
 3. In the Dataset Toolbox dialog, select the Computer Derivative tool under the list of Temporal tools.
 4. Select the desired dataset to use for the computation.
 5. Select either the Change or Derivative option.
 6. If selecting the Derivative option, also specify the time units.
 7. Enter a name for the new dataset.
Compute Derivative Tool in SMS
The new dataset generated from the Computer Derivative tool will output data in between the existing dataset time steps, resulting in one fewer time steps than the original dataset.
The Compute Derivative tool is only available for data that is in the 2D Mesh module or the UGrid module. Make certain that you have your dataset included in one of these two modules. If you have your dataset in a different module, you will need to interpolate it over to a 2D mesh or UGrid (unstructured grid) before using the Computer Derivative tool.
Try out using the Compute Derivative tool in SMS 13.1 today!
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