sadly it or itPlayer do not make very good variable names. – zsawyer Jun 27 '13 at 14:30
_USER_ What about Prime? – bib Jun 27 '13 at 15:58
Just had a Simpson's flashback: "Now you are the player that is IT." +1 – cobaltduck Jun 27 '13 at 16:26
_USER_ I am really looking for a word that by itself directly relates to turn taking. But rereading your Answer, taggedPlayer came to mind. – zsawyer Jun 27 '13 at 16:27
Some wargames define a 'Phasing Player'. I wouldn't use that in normal speech, but it might work in your context.
share|improve this answer
It does if I abstract the "turns" to "phases". – zsawyer Jun 27 '13 at 18:10
Generally several phases make a turn. 1 turn consists of, for example, Unit Placement phase, Movement Phase, Combat Phase. Some games interleave these phases between players, so the concept of a player turn doesn't work. – Chris Cudmore Jun 27 '13 at 18:19
If you're concerned about it being understandable by others, why not keep it simple with something like "going_player" or "player_with_turn".
share|improve this answer
I simply didn't think of "going player". Not sure the sentence "I am the player with turn." would make sense but as a variable that is totally acceptable. – zsawyer Jun 27 '13 at 20:18
In many strategic board games, the phrases "phasing player" and "non-phasing player(s)" are used in rule books. It is common in these games to have multi-phased turns, so a distinction is made between the player whose turn it is, and the player who is currently "phasing", or is in possession of he initiative for the current phase.
The phrase "active player" is also occasionally heard.
share|improve this answer
Why not something from drama vocabulary, something simple like acting player or staging player? (but obviously not playing player).
share|improve this answer
If you're interfacing with the user then "It" would be a good way to do it. The player that is now active or "turning" is told "You're IT!" A player attempting to do something only IT can do is told "Sorry, you're not IT!"
As to program design, does this really belong here? Sounds more like a StackOverflow question, but who am I to complain?
Since only one player at a time can be IT, and there are qualities of the IT player that wouldn't apply to non-IT players (I presume), I would make the TurningPlayer (I like that class name, btw) a class that inherits from the Player class. I'd consider making it a Singleton (just because there can only be one -- obligatory Highlander reference).
share|improve this answer
We're getting off-topic with the programming chatter, but I in most cases disagree with your inheritance suggestion. Not going to go into detail here, but for one, players tend to switch between active and inactive fairly often. – Anton Golov Jun 27 '13 at 16:54
The OP was already off-topic; it's not my fault. As to players switching between active and inactive, there can still only be one active at a time, in a turn-based game. As you say, off-topic so I will say no more. – Cyberherbalist Jun 27 '13 at 17:14
I cannot imagine some saying "I am it at blackjack." with my current knowledge I would have to resort to "I am playing blackjack, and it's my turn." It conveys very little information. You would still need to inquire what "it" actually meant (maybe the winner?). That is why I am against it. The ideal case is that the word is self-evident and conveys the context (i.e. that the context is in the turn-based domain). – zsawyer Jun 27 '13 at 18:24
Of course you are correct. "It" applies to only a subset of the possible games. The actual designation should be left as a configuration matter, assuming that the game engine might be used in other games. I was mainly concerned with the class nomenclature thing anyway, being a programmer, and it is a fact that your original question (now modified) spoke of the programming aspect of it. My answer is now somewhat hobbled. Oh, well. Sounds like an interesting task you have! Best of luck at it! – Cyberherbalist Jun 27 '13 at 20:32
First let me begin by saying that I am a total ignoramus where computer programming is concerned. But in answer to the last part of the OP's question, may I suggest:
 - "Player on" mode
mode: a given condition of functioning; a status
share|improve this answer
Sorry for luring you off topic. The variable stores the player object not a mode, your answer is about program design. But thanks. – zsawyer Jun 27 '13 at 20:15
_USER_ Oh, no problem. I have not the slightest clue what The variable stores the player object not a mode means so I was expecting to hit off target. Thanks for leaving a comment. :) – Mari-Lou A Jun 27 '13 at 20:19
I'd use the phrase "in turn", and thus name your variable playerInTurn or nextInTurn:
in turn (not comparable)
 1. One after the other; one at a time; in succession; successively.
 - The teacher answered the students each in turn.
 - Each member of the group, in turn, rose to share a personal story, until nearly everyone in the room had spoken.
 - Eventually, each of the countries in turn would be brought to submission by the invading force.
 2. In due order; in proper sequence; in a determined or measured sequence, as a waiting line or queue.
 - You are next in turn to bat.
 - The boy was next in turn to sit on Santa's lap.
 3. In response; in return.
 - The musical ambassadors finished their performance, and the local musicians in turn played for them a traditional ballad.
 4. Having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned;accordingly or similarly, with respect to sequence, precedence, or hierarchy.1
 - The vassals were subject to their lords, who in turn were subject to barons or kings.
 - My car was hit by a truck, which in turn was hit by the van.
 - Mr. X leaked the secret to Mr. Y who in turn leaked it to Mr. Z.
The above is an excerpt from Wiktionary's "in turn" article.
share|improve this answer
Seems like the next modifier produces this meaning, "I am the player next in turn." -> nextInTurnPlayer? – zsawyer Jun 30 '13 at 4:49
This player can be referred to as the "next player to act". None of the other players can (legally) do anything at this point.
I would name the variable nextPlayerToAct.
For consistency with terminology elsewhere in the game, perhaps you would prefer to use "move" or "play" instead of "act".
share|improve this answer
Since a chess game is made up of a number of moves, and since it is common to say "Your move", how about
share|improve this answer
In some games it makes no difference; in others, it is critically different who's moving and whose turn it is. – MετάEd Jun 28 '13 at 4:32
what about, the player who is up?
a bit contextual i know but...
share|improve this answer
In baseball, the person whose turn it is to bat is called the batter. In chess, the person whose turn to move it is is the mover. For dice based-games, it would be the roller. For betting games such as poker, the bettor. The construction is verb -er, where the verb is for whatever it is, the person whose turn it is, is supposed to do.
share|improve this answer
I would simply say 'the turn player'. That's what we always used when I used to play Yu-Gi-Oh! at school.
share|improve this answer
Grammatically, this sounds rather dodgy to me. But I am curious, could you please give an example by using it in a sentence? – zsawyer Aug 22 at 18:13
Got to thinking about "turns" and once everyone has a turn it's like a "round" is over. so a player is like a tangential point on a round circle. The active player could be called the On-Point Player.
The other players then would be off-point players.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
The technology of applying a colloidal single-layer coating of transparent polystyrene (PS) Ø 1 μm spheres at the tip face of a quartz fiber has been proposed and tested. Such a coating plays, in a light absorbing liquid, the role of a converter of pulsed laser radiation into acoustic radiation. The generation of ultrasound in water using a converter based on a quartz fiber 1 mm in diameter with a 2D colloidal crystalline coating consisted of polystyrene spheres with a diameter of ~1 μm at the fiber end was investigated. When excited by laser radiation (λ = 1.064 µm), coating of polystyrene spheres created in the liquid a laser thermal microstructure with a characteristic size of fractions of ~λ and a maximum temperature up to 10−2
degree at an energy in a short laser pulse of ~0.005 J. This short-lived thermal microstructure generated sound pulses in the liquid in the approximately 0.2–4 MHz range. The results of the experimental study of this effect are reported. The proposed laser radiation converter with colloidal coating of the optical fiber distal tip by a single layer of transparent spheres can be used for the development of new laser microtools for studying, processing of various objects in microsurgery, microstructuring of the surface, spot cleaning and restoration of objects of art and history.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
You can create a copper effect using shades and tints of Hue 25.
The gradients on the left represent a range of copper colors from very pale, mint new copper, to dull old copper on the right. Creating these two gradients creates a range of copper
colors from which we can select using the Color Picker (the eye dropper) in the Color Editor to create copper colored fills.
Colors from the two gradients were used to create this shiny copper pipe. If you want to recreate this image, use the Color Picker (the eye dropper) in the Color Editor
(Ctrl e) to sample the various colors.
Placing the darkest and lightest of the copper colors very close together on the side of the pipe gives the impression the pipe is very shiny.
Using darker colors and a gentler gradient of three colors creates the appearance of older copper that has gotten dull with age.
As copper is exposed to the elements it sometimes acquires a mottled green patina (this look is often accomplished by placing certain acids on the copper to
turn the copper green). Here's how we can recreate this verdigris green look in Xara.
Create a Fractal Cloud fill using two shades of blue green: RGB
40, 160, 115 and RGB 0, 204, 153.
Adjust the Fractal fill control handles (the arrows) so the shapes are small and pretty evenly divided between the two colors.


text:
The face of urban landscapes is ever-evolving, and one company that plays a pivotal role in this transformation is Middlesex Demolition. In this article, we explore how Middlesex Demolition is reshaping cities and urban environments through their expert demolition services.
- Urban Renewal and Redevelopment
Middlesex Demolition is a key player in urban renewal projects. They specialize in removing outdated structures, clearing space for new developments, and revitalizing urban areas. Their work breathes new life into cities and paves the way for modern, sustainable architecture.
- Demolishing Obstacles
In densely populated urban environments, demolishing structures is a complex task. Middlesex Demolition excels in overcoming the unique challenges of urban demolition. Their meticulous planning, precise execution, and emphasis on safety ensure that city dwellers are minimally inconvenienced during demolition projects.
- Iconic Building Removal
From tearing down old factories to dismantling iconic buildings, Middlesex Demolition has a track record of handling high-profile projects. Their skilled teams have successfully brought down structures that have outlived their usefulness, making way for new landmarks and developments.
- Infrastructure Improvements
Middlesex Demolition is not limited to structural demolition. They also play a vital role in infrastructure projects. Their expertise in removing bridges, overpasses, and other transportation-related structures contributes to the modernization of urban transportation networks.
- Safety and Community Engagement
In addition to their technical prowess, Middlesex Demolition prioritizes House Demolition and community engagement. They work closely with local authorities, residents, and businesses to minimize disruptions and ensure the safety of all stakeholders during demolition projects.
- Sustainable Urban Development
By efficiently recycling materials and adopting sustainable practices, Middlesex Demolition aligns with the vision of sustainable urban development. They contribute to the reduction of urban waste and promote environmentally responsible practices in construction and demolition.
Middlesex Demolition's impact on urban landscapes is undeniable. Their ability to navigate complex urban environments, coupled with their commitment to safety and sustainability, makes them a valuable partner in shaping the cities of the future. As cities continue to evolve, Middlesex Demolition remains at the forefront of transforming urban landscapes for the better.


text:
Are microwaves distributed unevenly in the oven? Why do manufacturers claim that microwaves with turntables are more effective than microwaves without turntables?
As the microwaves bounce around the inside of the cooking chamber, they tend to interfere with one another. There are usually regions in which the waves that follow various paths almost cancel one another and regions in which the waves reinforce one another. These regions don't cook food equally well. If the microwaves are canceled in one region, cooking will be slow there. If the microwaves reinforce one another in another region, cooking will be fast there. If you simply leave food in one place and try to cook it in the microwaves, the cooking will be uneven. However, if the food is rotated continuously, these good and bad cooking regions will be blurred away so that the food will all cook at about the same speed.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Florida is the Sunshine State, so here in Pensacola, we need to take extra precautions when going out in the sun.
How did Florida get its nickname?
It has a generally warm climatesubtropical in the northern and central regions of the state and a true tropical climate in the southern portion.
When did it get its nickname?
In 1970, the nickname was officially adopted by the legislature.
How much sunshine does Florida get?
On average, the state gets 300 days of sunshine each year.
The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and the Centers for Disease Control have created state-specific fact sheets about skin cancer incidence and prevention. Click here to view the sheet for Florida.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


What Is the Jensen's Measure?
The Jensen's measure, or Jensen's alpha, is a risk-adjusted performance measure that represents the average return on a portfolio or investment, above or below that predicted by the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), given the portfolio's or investment's beta and the average market return. This metric is also commonly referred to as simply alpha.
Key Takeaways
 - The Jensen's measure is the difference in how much a person returns vs. the overall market.
 - Jensen's measure is commonly referred to as alpha. When a manager outperforms the market concurrent to risk, they have "delivered alpha" to their clients.
 - The measure accounts for the risk-free rate of return for the time period.
Understanding Jensen's Measure
To accurately analyze the performance of an investment manager, an investor must look not only at the overall return of a portfolio but also at the risk of that portfolio to see if the investment's return compensates for the risk it takes. For example, if two mutual funds both have a 12% return, a rational investor should prefer the less risky fund. Jensen's measure is one of the ways to determine if a portfolio is earning the proper return for its level of risk.
If the value is positive, then the portfolio is earning excess returns. In other words, a positive value for Jensen's alpha means a fund manager has "beat the market" with their stock-picking skills.
Real World Example of Jensen's Measure
Assuming the CAPM is correct, Jensen's alpha is calculated using the following four variables:
Using these variables, the formula for Jensen's alpha is:
Alpha = R(i) - (R(f) + B x (R(m) - R(f)))
R(i) = the realized return of the portfolio or investment
R(m) = the realized return of the appropriate market index
R(f) = the risk-free rate of return for the time period
B = the beta of the portfolio of investment with respect to the chosen market index
For example, assume a mutual fund realized a return of 15% last year. The appropriate market index for this fund returned 12%. The beta of the fund versus that same index is 1.2, and the risk-free rate is 3%. The fund's alpha is calculated as:
Alpha = 15% - (3% + 1.2 x (12% - 3%)) = 15% - 13.8% = 1.2%.
Given a beta of 1.2, the mutual fund is expected to be riskier than the index, and thus earn more. A positive alpha in this example shows that the mutual fund manager earned more than enough return to be compensated for the risk they took over the course of the year. If the mutual fund only returned 13%, the calculated alpha would be -0.8%. With a negative alpha, the mutual fund manager would not have earned enough return given the amount of risk they were taking.
Special Consideration: EMH
Critics of Jensen's measure generally believe in the efficient market hypothesis (EMH), invented by Eugene Fama, and argue that any portfolio manager's excess returns derive from luck or random chance rather than skill. Because the market has already priced in all available information, it is said to be "efficient" and accurately priced, the theory says, precluding any active manager from bringing anything new to the table. Further supporting the theory is the fact that many active managers fail to beat the market any more than those that invest their clients' money in passive index funds.


text:
1. What is the standard moisture level in the charcoal?
2. How to calculate or measure the moisture content before selling/export?
3. Do you have any easy way to check if the moisture content is o.k.?
Basis of calculation: % Moisture ( wet weight ) = (weight of charcoal – dry charcoal) x100 /starting charcoal weight.
4. If we have high-tech tools to measure the moisture, what is the favorable level for charcoal / charcoal briquette export.
Please kindly reply
Normally, the charcoal / charcoal briquette moisture content should be in range of 7-10 %. However, there are some differences between charcoal (wood charcoal) and charcoal briquette.
1) If the charcoal manufacturer use water to extinguish the fire, then it would be somewhat higher moisture off the stove than to extinguish by closing the kiln, which almost no moisture left. Anyway, Usually charcoal will absorb the moisture in the atmosphere soon after you remove the charcoal from the kiln. If you do not put water directly to stop the carbonization (stop the charring), then the moisture content will not exceed 10%.
Other categories, such as mangrove charcoal imported from Myanmar, most of it will be humid because the sea water or sea water splashing into the boat. The salt is very rich in charcoal.
Ever is the time to send them to the destination. Countries with low humidity, like the Israel, the weight after 1 month storage can loose more than 5-10% in dry season. It has been my experience with clients who have experienced this but they were already aware of this problem at first (that is what I was told).
Conclusion is that rarely do they make it much moisture. But we can check easily and to be aware of is the time to pack a bag or box. If too damp can cause rot box or bag wet. You can test by packing and taking the box/bag under the sun and then, after back into the shade and cooling, open to check it.
Because containers can reach reach 60-70 degrees Celsius during shipping, if travel long distance like to Europe it will be more than 1 month, extreme heating/cooling will cause the problem.
2 ) Charcoal briquette with moisture higher than 10 percent moisture, it will become softened and mushy after a 1-2 day after packing. Thus, carry out a test (same as charcoal case), it is not difficult to know that the humidity is low enough or not.


text:
Teagasc recently published a new marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) for ammonia emissions which outlines the steps that can be taken to reduce ammonia emissions from Irish agriculture and the costs of achieving this. The updated MACC estimates the potential to abate national ammonia emissions from agriculture up to 2030.
Join Teagasc Director Professor Gerry Boyle and researchers on this webinar to find out more about the analysis and cost effective pathways to meet future ammonia emission targets.
The publication called 'An Analysis of the Cost of the Abatement of Ammonia Emissions in Irish Agriculture to 2030'is available here:_URL_
Wednesday, 7 October, 9.30am
John Spink, Head of Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc
Professor Gerry Boyle, Director of Teagasc
Dominika Krol, Research Officer, Teagasc
Cathal Buckley, Research Officer, Teagasc


text:
; adj. cameral or camaral)
One of the chambers within a chambered mollusc, e.g. a nautiloid (Nautiloidea) or ammonoid (Ammonoidea). In living cephalopods (Cephalopoda), e.g. Nautilus, the chambers contain gas at pressures ranging from about 0.3 to 1 atm (30–100 kPa). Some of the chambers may contain 'cameral fluid' which can be extracted by the siphuncle, allowing the animal to adjust its density according to the depth at which it is living.
Subjects: Earth Sciences and Geography.


text:
(Leaves; seed pods; flower. Photos E. Cousins)
Running Postman is a common, sun-loving ground cover around Cape Jervis. They like sandy soil, and are drought tolerant plants, so look for them off Flinders Drive, towards the Ferry Terminal. The wiry stems spread along the ground for up to 1.5 metres. Leaves occur in threes, and have wavy edges. The lovely red flowers occur singly or in pairs, in spring. Note the yellow spot at the centre. The seed pods are like long pea pods, but are dark red. They can be up to 5 cm long.
Follow link to download the flyer PLANT OF THE MONTH february_kennedia


text:
The Dallas World Aquarium
1801 N. Griffin St., Dallas
Hours: 9am–5pm daily
Admission: $20.95 adults; $12.95 children ages 3–12; free for children ages 2 and younger.
Parking: Nearby parking is available for $5–7.
Nestled inside the urban jungle of Dallas' West End district is a jungle of another kind –one that's been painstakingly built to simulate Venezuela's Orinoco River system, tropical rainforests, and marine and plant life from all over the world.
The Dallas World Aquarium was first converted from a vacant warehouse into an aquarium in 1992 and built upward over the years. Arguably the coolest attraction is the Mundo Maya exhibit's 400,000-gallon shark tank formed like a cenote, a deep natural well that the Mayans believed to be sacred and used for human sacrifices. But no danger here. Walk through the shark tunnel underneath, lit with natural light, and sit safely on the stone benches to watch as the brown sharks, bonnetheads and eagle rays glide overhead. At feeding time watch aquarium staff toss food into the tank for the sharks, and check out more feedings and animal talks throughout the building each half-hour starting at 10:30am. Divers will slip into the pool – teeming with Arrau turtles and arapaimas, one of the world's largest freshwater fish – to hand-feed the aquarium's two manatees, an endangered species. On Saturdays at 11:30am, watch from the bamboo footbridge as the two Orinoco crocodiles below are fed chunks of chicken. (No divers or hand-feeding for them!)
And don't let the name – Dallas World Aquarium – fool you. There's more than aquatic life. Free-flying in the rainforest canopy are more bird species than you could see in one trip, including red-capped manakins, famous for their mating-season "moonwalk," and the barred owls whose hoots ask, "Who cooks for you?" Grab a blueberry from the attendant to feed the toucanets and aracaris and slide your hand through a glass opening. Their long beaks will pluck the fruit from your open palm before you can say, "You're welcome."
Kids will get a kick out of the giant anteaters, giant river otters, pygmy marmosets – which the DWA says is the smallest monkey in the world – two- and three-toed sloths, and animals of every shape, size and color in between. Have your kids search for the conehead lizard, the leaf-tailed gecko or the other animals camouflaged in the vegetation. We're sure they won't mind. They feel right at home.


From Encyclopedia of Scientonomy
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Accept the definition of compatibility, as the ability of two elements to coexist in the same mosaic. Also replace the zeroth law with the compatibility corollary.
The modification was suggested to Scientonomy community by Patrick Fraser and Ameer Sarwar on 28 January 2018.1 The modification was accepted on 3 June 2020.
The current zeroth law of scientific change is problematic in many respects. First, it pertains only to epistemic elements that are part of the mosaic, and says nothing about the compatibility of elements outside the mosaic. In addition, unlike the other accepted laws of scientific change, it attempts to explain the process of scientific change from a static perspective that deals with the state of the scientific mosaic at some particular point in time, rather than a dynamic perspective that describes the actual mechanics of the process of scientific change. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, the current zeroth law is tautological, as it pretty much restates what is implicit in our notion of compatibility. While there is currently no explicitly accepted definition of compatibility, it can roughly be explicated as the ability of two elements to coexist within a particular mosaic. If this is what we currently mean by compatibility, then the formulation of the current zeroth law is a direct consequence of it, which means that the law lacks empirical content. For all these reasons, a series of modifications are necessary, including the replacement of the zeroth law with a new definition of compatibility, and the compatibility corollary, which collectively preserve the gist of the current zeroth law.
Theories To Accept
Compatibility (Fraser-Sarwar-2018).png
Compatibility Corollary (Fraser-Sarwar-2018).png
Theories To Reject
Questions Answered
This modification attempts to answer the following question(s):
The modification was accepted on 3 June 2020. While the modification induced a few comments on the encyclopedia, it became accepted as a result of discussions that took place mostly offline. It was agreed that the modification "comes to remedy one of the glaring omissions" in the current zeroth which doesn't "say much above and beyond what is already implicit in the notion of compatibility"c1 as it "is lacking in empirical content, and should be replaced with a definition of compatibility".c2 It was also noted that the proposed "definition of compatibility criteria... captures the gist of the concept as it has been used in our community".c3 It was also agreed that "the compatibility corollary follows from this definition".c4 c5 Finally, the community accepted that the definition and the corollary "recover the content of the Zeroth Law".c6
Click on the Discussion tab for comments.
 1. ^ Fraser, Patrick and Sarwar, Ameer. (2018) A Compatibility Law and the Classification of Theory Change. Scientonomy 2, 67-82. Retrieved from


Unexpected results when using a link rule to apply styles
A link rule can apply a character and/or paragraph style to a variable text link. Then, when data is merged into a text link that is using this link rule, the result will be similar to placing that plain text or formatted text in a text frame and applying the selected paragraph and/or character style to that text. If a link rule is not applying styling as you expected, see the tips below:
First, manually copy/paste the data into the text link and then apply the style(s) that the link rule is set up to apply. This mimics what will happen when DesignMerge merges this link.
Next, confirm the link rule is applying styles that have been set up in the document. Note the name of the style that the link rule will apply must match the name of the style that has been set up in the document.
Also, test the link rule to confirm it has been set up correctly. You can test a link rule by doing the following:
 1. Open the Rules dialog (open the DesignMerge menu and choose Setup > Rules).
 2. On the left side of the Rules dialog, select the name of the link rule that you wish to test.
 3. On the bottom right side of the Rules dialog, click the Test button.
 4. When prompted, select the data file that you wish to use to test this rule.
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Then, examine how you have used this link rule in the document:
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text:
New Mexico's champion trees retain crowns
Taos' prize-winning tree didn't let us down this year. A Goodding black willow that's among the biggest trees in the United States has kept its place in the annual 2018 Champion Trees National Register, which lists "the largest and most impressive trees of their kind."
Taos' willow stands 110 feet tall, has a sprawling crown of more than 94 feet and measures 351 inches in circumference. It was nominated by local arborist Paul Bryan Jones in 2010.
"When the black willow tree was designated the state champion, I knew our unique high desert plateau was and is resilient for trees," Jones said in a 2017 interview with The Taos News. "I started hunting for more big trees. We have some of the largest, oldest trees species in the Southwest."
"Big tree hunters from across the country doubled down and found an almost unprecedented number of new champions – more than 170 – to add to the list of America's giants," read a press release from American Forests, a Washington, D.C.based organization.
Keeping big trees healthy is an important part of addressing climate change. As Eliza Kretzmann, the Big Tree Program coordinator, explained: "Large-diameter trees make up about half of the mature forest biomass across the world. The amount of carbon that forests can sequester depends mostly on the abundance of large trees. Thus, big trees represent potentially large controls on carbon cycling worldwide."
This Goodding black willow in Taos is one of the largest trees of its species in the country.


text:
Testing Athletes Would Save Lives
Find a Conversation
|Tue, 03-02-2010 - 4:11pm|
A new study suggests that routine electrocardiogram testing of young American athletes would save lives and be cost-effective.
The testing isn't routine among athletes in college and high school, apparently because doctors think the benefits -- discovering potentially deadly heart problems -- aren't worth the expense. However, professional athletes are often required to undergo the tests.
Read more about how Routine Heart Tests for Athletes Would Save Lives.


text:
Weathering can cause loss of gloss and a change in the mixture ratio of the pigments at the surface of the coating, thereby changing the color.
What does M/R stand for?
M/R stands for Mixture Ratio
This definition appears very frequently and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories:
- Science, medicine, engineering, etc.
See other definitions of M/R
We have 107 other meanings of M/R in our Acronym Attic
- Meteoroid/Orbital Debris
- Maintenance Planning
- Market Price
- Merry/Pippin (Lord Of The Rings)
- Metaphase/Prophase Ratio (cell and tissue research)
- Main Rotor (helicopter)
- Map/Reduce (programming model)
- Margin requirement
- Mental Retardation
- Minocycline and Rifampin (antimicrobial agents)
Samples in periodicals archive:
[FIGURE 2 OMITTED] When evaluating the system performance, one of the most important parameters is the COP because the energy efficiency of the system is of paramount significance in the decision of which refrigerant mixture ratio to use.
They used statistical modeling to optimize the mixture ratio.
Special industrial concrete--composition 1 Materials Mixture ratios SIC without SIC with fibers fibers Cement CEM I 42,5 R, kg/[m.
The unit's 4Y engine features an exclusive closed-loop fuel system design that automatically adjusts and optimizes the airfuel mixture ratio.
A general rule of thumb for a cutting fluid mixture is a ratio of 5 parts water to 1 part cutting fluid, however users should consult with the manufacturer for specific mixture ratios.
said Thursday it will recall 73,556 Bluebird Sylphy passenger cars to fix a defective computer program for controlling the mixture ratio of air and gasoline inside an engine.
Accounting for the different pressures and tip angles, and the mixture ratio for the compressed gas, leads to [P.


text: Chittorgarh is very well known and famous for its natural production of custard apple. These custard apple are also called sita fal because sita (Wife of Lord Ram) had eaten these fruits. In the season of winter chittorgarh fort becomes the custard apple field. Here custard apple trees are automatically grown. These fruits are then sold to local peoples and also exported. Both indians and foreigners enjoy eating this fruit. Chittorgarh must be developed as largest custard apple hub in the world and fruit could be exported also.


What does Color Coding of Aerotar, Micromotar and Endodontic Hand pieces mean
Color Coding of Aerator, Micro motor and Endodontic Hand pieces is a lesser known fact among Dentists, the Hand pieces which we regularly use are divided into various colors based on the their speed or rpm and the ratio in which they are used. In a Dental set up we use multiple types of Hand pieces for various purposes. Micro motors, Aerotors, Endodontic hand pieces and Implant hand pieces.
The various hand pieces serve different purposes and for this reason require varying speeds and torque, in case of Micromotors, the speed can be controlled with less torque, in case of Aerotors which are used for Crown cutting, cavity preparations, access openings etc. Handpieces for placing Dental Implants require less speed and high torque. So depending on the requirements the speed and torque are adjusted to attain the required results.
Color coding of Dental Hand pieces
Pic courtesy: W N H Youtube
Color Coding of Dental Handpieces:
Red or Orange: 1:5 up to 200.000 min-1. In case of Red, the contra-angle hand piece operates faster than the drive speed, which means that the operating speed of the rotary instrument is higher than the motor speed.
Blue: 1:1 transmission up to 40.000 min-1. This contra-angle hand piece transfers the motor speed as it is, which means it operates at the speed of the motor speed.
Green: 5:1 up to 8.000 min-1. It is speed reducing, which means it operates at a lower speed when compared to the speed generated by the Motor.
Based on the color coding, chucks used for inserting the burs and removing are different. Same chuck can be used for Blue and Green color coded contra angle hand pieces but you need to use a different chuck for the Red or Orange colored hand piece. The Hand pieces used in Dentistry are divided into types based on their application or use as well into – General, Straight, Endodontic, Prophylactic and Surgical. There are many differences in these hand pieces like speed or RPM, angle of the working head, torque and length of the neck of the hand piece.
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Recently I had occasion to draw a hedgehog tentatively handing his car in for an MOT, as hedgehogs sometimes need to do.
Doodling a hedgehog is simple enough, but how to take a holistic approach to drawing hundreds of spines? There are already a few different art brushes here to give his fur a bit of furriness, but I don't think we want to be drawing an individual path for every spine too. Here's how he looks without them:
At the moment he's a sketch with a calligraphic brush (the black lines), filled shapes for the darker and lighter areas of his body (the brown shades), and some art brushes from Adobe's Artistic_Paintbrush set to give him a bit of fluffyness (hedgehogs aren't entirely spiny after all). So what tools do we have that can create and modify hundreds of objects at once?
The Symbol Sprayer tool!
Most approaches to drawing in Illustrator tend to be quite methodical — you draw in layers of discrete shapes, and people who come to it expecting to sketch and paint like they might in Photoshop can quickly hit brick walls with this approach. To me, the symbol sprayer always seemed a bit incongruous in this environment. What use could there be for something that randomly plasters your artboard in symbols? Well I finally found one. The key here is there is a set of tools behind the basic sprayer for modifying the symbol set (as it's termed) after the fact. But firstly, we need a symbol to work with.
This is just a symmetrical shape with a gradient fill, a couple of millimetres wide in our A4 document. Now we can get spraying.
Go nuts with it. Set the density options (double-click on the tool) as high as they go and cover him. Use the square bracket keys to increase or decrease the size of the brush. Here the spin (rotation) is set to 'User Defined', so it initially appears random. After that it's time for the scruncher.
This drags symbols towards the centre of the brush. Use it to pull any outliers into the large brown area of his back. Spray and scrunch until you have a decent density of spines, and your hedgehog will either have absurdly neat upright spines (if you left Spin as 'Average') or a complete mess (if you set Spin to 'User defined'):
I don't think we can in good conscience leave him like that. Next up is the Symbol Spinner. This tool drags symbols to face the direction of movement of the brush cursor, so you can effectively comb him by dragging the cursor over the symbol set. Note the direction arrows that appear on symbols within the brush area:
Just keep brushing him down until you have a nice neat hedgehog, who might feel a bit more confident about getting his car back:


Introduction to costing in the NHS
20 January 2021
Online (10:15-14:00)
About this event
This event will provide delegates with an introduction to costing, why we cost and will provide some insight into the costing process. You will hear about the National Cost Collections (formerly the Costing Transformation Programme) and the importance of accurate costing information to the wider NHS. The day will conclude with a case study example of how costing information can be used to help inform strategic decision making.
Why should you attend
Delegates will learn about costing in the NHS, the NCC and hear how costing can support in making improvements to patient care. The event has been designed specifically for those new to costing or those that will benefit from an overview of costing and its role in the NHS.
Register today
To confirm book onto the event or to check whether your organisation is a member of the Institute, please email


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Wired Magazine is fascinated by the idea that seed pods can open up after they've been detached from the plant, i.e. after the tissue is "dead." It seems to me that lots of seed pods that open do so after they're "dead" but what do I know, I'm neither a botanist nor a reporter for Wired.
The article uses a Delosperma seed pod as an example of the "rare" phenomenon of dead plant "origami." Since succulents' cell structures can store lots of water, this example's seed pod can unfurl, i.e. open, when the rains come.
Seed capsule from the ice plant Delosperma nakurense in the hydrated, unfolded state. (M. J. Harrington).
Now, what about the fact that these unopened seed pods, or "fruit", are edible and often eaten by the birds?
link via PATSP.


Brazil scientists find signs of underground river
SAO PAULO (AP)? Brazilian scientists say they have found signs of a huge underground river flowing far beneath the Amazon River.
Valiya Hamza of Brazil's National Observatory says there are indications of a 3,700-mile (6,000-kilometer) long subterranean river located several thousand feet below the surface.
Hamza says the finding came from studying temperature variations at 241 inactive oil wells drilled in the 1970s and 1980s by Brazil's state-run oil company.
Hamza says the thermal information allowed his team of researchers to identify the movement of water 13,100 feet (4,000 meters) under the Amazon River.


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Legitimation by the subsequent marriage of their parents of children born out of wedlock, although recognised by canon law, was rejected by the common law of England, which New Zealand inherited in 1840. This harsh rule survived in England until 1926, but it was ameliorated in some cases in New Zealand in 1860, when the children of Europeans and Maoris, who had subsequently married, were made legitimate. The introduction of adoption in 1881 opened an indirect means of legitimation. In 1894 the Legitimation Act, whose promoters seem to have been inspired by the law of Scotland, made general provision for legitimation by subsequent marriage.
Under the 1894 Act a child was legitimated only if its parents might lawfully have married when it was born; that is, if neither parent was then married to anyone else. Moreover, legitimation depended on registration. The first of these restrictions was removed in 1921, the second in 1939. The present law is that any child whose parents have subsequently married, wherever the child was born or the marriage occurred, is automatically legitimate for all the purposes of New Zealand law as if born in lawful wedlock.
by Bruce James Cameron, B.A., LL.M., Legal Adviser, Department of Justice, Wellington.
- New Zealand, the Development of its Laws and Constitution (ed.) Robson, J. L. (1954).


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Background: Significant interest exists in establishing radiologic imaging as a valid biomarker for assessing the response of cancer to a variety of treatments. To address this problem, we have chosen to study patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma to learn whether statistical learning theory can improve the performance of radiologists using CT in predicting patient treatment response to therapy compared with the more traditional RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) standard.Results: Predictions of survival after 8 months in 38 patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique improved 30% when using additional information compared to WHO (World Health Organization) or RECIST measurements alone. With both Logistic Regression (LR) and SVM, there was no significant difference in performance between WHO and RECIST. The SVM and LR techniques also demonstrated that one radiologist consistently outperformed another.Conclusions: This preliminary research study has demonstrated that SLT algorithms, properly used in a clinical setting, have the potential to address questions and criticisms associated with both RECIST and WHO scoring methods. We also propose that tumor heterogeneity, shape, etc. obtained from CT and/or MRI scans be added to the SLT feature vector for processing.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


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System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) 2012 R2 adds a feature that enables software updates to be automatically approved and deployed to selected machines in your organization.
Icon Descriptions and Explanations:
The icon with the green arrow represents a normal software update.
Normal software updates have been synchronized and are available for software deployment.
There are no operational concerns.
The icon with the black X represents an expired software update. You can also identify expired software updates by viewing the Expired column for the software update when it displays in the Configuration Manager console.
Expired software updates were previously deployable to client computers, but once a software update is expired, new deployments can no longer be created for the software updates. Expired software updates contained in active deployments continue to be available to clients.
Replace expired software updates when possible. When software updates become expired, Configuration Manager does not remove the software updates contained within active software update deployments. Configuration Manager continues to assess software update compliance on expired software updates in deployments, but they are considered "not required" for reporting purposes.
The icon with the yellow star represents a superseded software update. You can also identify superseded software updates by viewing the Superseded column for the software update when it displays in the Configuration Manager console.
Superseded software updates have been replaced with newer versions of the software update. Typically, a software update that supersedes another software update does one or more of the following:
- Enhances, improves, or adds to the fix provided by one or more previously released software updates.
- Improves the efficiency of its software update file package, which clients install if the software update is approved for installation. For example, the superseded software update might contain files that are no longer relevant to the fix or to the operating systems now supported by the new software update, so those files are not included in the superseding software update's file package.
- Updates newer versions of a product, or in other words, is no longer applicable to older versions or configurations of a product. Software updates can also supersede other software updates if modifications have been made to expand language support. For example, a later revision of a product update for Microsoft Office might remove support for an older operating system, but add additional support for new languages in the initial software update release.
On the Supersedence Rules tab in the Software Update Point Component properties, you can specify how to manage superseded software updates. For more information, see theSupersedence Rules section in the Planning for Software Updates in Configuration Manager topic.
When possible, deploy the superseding software update to client computers instead of the superseded software update. You can display a list of the software updates that supersede the software update on the Supersedence Information tab in the software update properties.
The icon with the red X represents an invalid software update.
Invalid software updates are in an active deployment, but for some reason the content (software update files) is not available. The following are scenarios in which this state can occur:
- You successfully deploy the software update, but the software update file is removed from the deployment package and is no longer available.
- You create a software update deployment at a site and the deployment object is successfully replicated to a child site, but the deployment package has not successfully replicated to the child site.
When the content is missing for a software update, clients are unable to install the software update until the content becomes available on a distribution point. You can redistribute the content to distribution points by using the Redistribute action. When content is missing for a software update in a deployment created at a parent site, the software update must be replicated or redistributed to the child site. For more information about content redistribution, see the Redistribute Content on Distribution Points section in the Operations and Maintenance for Content Management in Configuration Manager topic.
Steps to download and deploy Windows updates.
- Open SCCM and then Click on Software Library -> All software updates.
- Select the updates you want to download and deploy. You can select multiple items by holding down the shift key or individual ones using the ctrl key.
- You can leave the Deployment Name as is or give it your own description.
- Click on the browse button to select the collection you want to target these updates to. Once done click the Next button.
- Select the Type of Deployment, if you want to use Wake-on-LAN then select the checkbox.
- Choose your detail level and then click Next.
- Here you can configure the schedule for updates. Once you have made your selections click Next.
- This window all you to specify deadline behaviour.
- To suppress restarts on servers make sure the checkbox under "Device Restart Behavior" is checked.
- Click Next.
- Make your selection here regarding alerts and then click Next.
- Specify your download settings and then click Next.
- Click on the Browse button to select your deployment package and then click Next.
- If you download updates from the internet then leave the default setting above, otherwise chose to download updates to a share.
- Click Next.
- Select your language and then click Next.
- Confirm the settings, you can review the details of all updates you selected.
- Click Next to start downloading the updates.
- Updates download starting.
- Updates downloads in progress.
- Once all the updates have finished downloading it will show you the screen above. If there were any failures or errors it will also list it here for you to review.
- It takes a few minutes for the database to update but once you refresh the screen it will show the updates have been deployed.
Hope it helps.


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by Errol Zalmijn
Semiconductor lithography system issues are challenging to diagnose from predefined models and historic data alone. That's because such systems are characterized by high-dimensionality, non-stationarity and nonlinear behavior across multiple time and spatial scales. One line of research at ASML is to investigate model-independent approaches, which can help to find previously unknown causal relations from system diagnostic data. Therefore, we combine information theory based transfer entropy with eigencentrality in time series analysis. However, this approach must be computationally efficient for ASML system diagnostics (and prognostics) in real time. Moreover, it must be able to locate unobserved variables and capture unique as well as joint causal influences. This presentation will discuss the merits and challenges of causal inference using information-theoretical concepts within ASML context and demonstrate a number of cases.


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By Sola Ogundipe
A MENTAL health expert and representative of LifeLine International Continental, Prof Taiwo Lateef Sheikh, has called for renewed approach towards tackling the challenge of suicide in Nigeria and africa as a whole.
Sheikh, who spoke as Nigeria joined the rest of the world to mark the 2023 World Suicide Prevention Day, said,"There is no one-size-fits-all solution to this challenge. In Africa, attitudes towards suicide are deeply intertwined with cultural, traditional, and religious beliefs. We need to change these perceptions, address myths, and provide support to those in need. Our approach must align with our cultural values to create lasting impact.
"We support the establishment of frameworks for suicide prevention and evidence-based suicide prevention interventions within communities in partnership with local players, and campaign to change the law in countries where suicide remains a crime, and wherever other laws restrict access to life-saving help."
He observed that suicide remains a significant issue across the African continent, which is home to six of the 10 countries with the highest suicide rates in the world, but said with access to timely and available crisis support services,lives can be saved.
"As we mark World Suicide Prevention Day in 2023, under the theme "Creating hope through action", we believe that by talking about suicide, and by providing better access to evidence-based interventions, we have the power to change the misconceptions and beliefs about suicide, and prevent this tragic loss of life across Africa."
Sheikh said across Africa, insufficient public spending on mental health and suicide prevention is a major barrier for providing assistance, noting that the role of frontline organisations such as LifeLine International's Members is doubly important.
He regretted that mental health, including the risk of suicide, affects millions of people across Africa even as stigma and cultural misconceptions often compound these issues.
"Effective suicide prevention can only take place through a whole-of-society approach that involves the government, CSOs, and community leaders. Tackling suicide and creating environments where individuals feel supported – and comfortable enough to seek help – requires reshaping attitudes.
He called for commitment d to advocating for and supporting policy change, including in the most challenging environments where suicide remains a crime. Criminalisation is counterproductive, reinforcing stigma and creating barriers for individuals seeking help. It is an unnecessary measure that does not deter suicide.
According to the World Health Organisation, WHO, suicide is a major public health problem with far-reaching social, emotional and economic consequences.
"Creating Hope Through Action" is the triennial theme for the World Suicide Prevention Day from 2021-2023. The theme serves as a powerful call to action and reminder that there is an alternative to suicide and that through our actions we can encourage hope and strengthen prevention.
The post SUICIDE PREVENTION: We must change our perceptions, provide support — SHEIKH appeared first on Vanguard News.


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Rudolf may have had a glowing red nose, but real Arctic reindeer have eyes that shine a different hue depending on the season — deep blue in the cold, dark winter, and golden in the summer.
For more than a decade, no one could explain the color difference. Now, a study conducted by Glen Jeffery, from the University College London, suggests a reason behind this mysterious seasonal change.
Jeffery examined the Arctic reindeer's tapetum lucidum, a special membrane at the back of the animal's retina that acts like a mirror to reflect light and helps improve night vision. Such "eye shine," or "cat's eye," is found in a number of animals that travel at night, from house cats and raccoons to opossums, crocodiles and lemurs.
When the tapetum changes color, it reflects different wavelengths of light, which vary by season. In the summer, the golden tapetum casts most of the light back out of the eye. On the flip side, during the winter's darkness, the deep blue tapetum bounces less light out of the eye. Instead, it scatters the light inside the eye, allowing it to be absorbed by photosensitive eye cells, which according to Jeffery, probably improves a reindeer's chances of seeing moving predators in the dark.
Scientists are still unsure what causes the color change, but Jeffrey theorizes that it might have something to do with a shift in pressure within the eyeball. In the winter, pressure increases in the eye because of pupil dilation, preventing fluid from draining naturally. This compresses the tapetum, which in turn, makes the tissue reflect shorter wavelengths, notably the blue light common in Arctic winters. This could be the key to a reindeer's striking blue eyes come Christmas.
Rudolf would be so jealous.


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Harvey Weir Cook was born in Wilkinson, Indiana in 1892. He graduated from Anderson High School and attended college at both DePauw University in Greencastle and Washington & Jefferson University in Washington, Pennsylvania. In 1917, he joined the United States Army Air Service and was a combat ace and captain during World War I, officially downing seven enemy planes.
Cook was a pioneer in bringing Indianapolis its first principal airport. The Indianapolis International Airport was known as the Weir-Cook Airport from 1944 to 1976. In 1942, he returned to military service as lieutenant colonel in World War II, where he was killed while flying a Bell Airacobra P-39 over New Caledonia. A memorial in his honor remains on display at the Indianapolis International Airport.
Source: Indiana Historical Bureau


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Function Key
A function key is a key on a computer or terminal keyboard which can be programmed so as to cause an operating system command interpreter or application program to perform certain actions. on some keyboards/computers, function keys may have default actions, accessible on power-on.


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Temple Flat Rock
Temple Flat Rock – Stewardship and Management Summary
Location: Temple Rock lies at the end of a farm lane about four miles northeast of Knightdale
Property Description: Temple Flat Rock is named for the mostly undisturbed granitic outcrop located in the northwestern part of the property. The outcrop flora is unique and contains several endemic species found only on granitic outcrops. TFR flatrocks are some of the best examples in the piedmont. The granite outcrops are surrounded by about 5 acres of mature oak-hickory forest as well as some cutover forests on adjacent properties.
In addition to this forested area, the property also has about 13 acres of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and a 17acres old agricultural field that have been cultivated since the early 1900s. TLC has been working for several years to convert this field to a native piedmont prairie.
Bobwhite quail and other animals will benefit from habitat restoration at Temple Flat Rock.
Conservation Values: The flatrocks are an almost completely undisturbed exposure of the Rolesville Granite Batholith, and are located near the fall-line which separates the Piedmont and Coastal Plain geomorphic regions. The outcrop is about 5250 square meters and slopes gently to the west. Various successional stages are represented on the outcrop from primary succession, represented by mosses and lichens at the edge of bare rock, through various herbaceous stages, to a a dry oak-hickory climax community. The rock is in pristine condition, with essentially no trash. A small amount of logging has taken place over the years prior to TLC's ownership, and Hurricane Fran in 1996 blew down additional trees. However, this damage has had little or no impact to the flatrock flora. This is one of the most aesthetically pleasing flatrocks in the Piedmont. The site is a Registered Natural Heritage Site and home to many unique endemic outcrop species.
Piedmont Prairies have become extremely rare in this region and many native plants and wildlife species have suffered. The open habitat of this 17 acre piedmont prairie establishment will support a variety of warm season native grasses, forbs and associated species increasing the areas biodiversity. Many endemic native animals and migratory bird species utilize these critical habitats. It will also demonstrate ecological conditions as they were prior to the arrival of European settlers. Over 149 species of butterflies have been documented on the preserve as well as 44 species of lichen.
Public Benefit Values:
Safeguarding Clean Water - Water Quality Protection of Streams and Waterways – The property provides upland buffer and filtration for Hodges Creek.
Protecting Wildlife Habitat - The granitic outcrops and prairie protect unique habitat systems of the piedmont and their associated species
Wildlife Habitat Improvement and Protection including:
- Granitic Flatrocks
- Migratory and nesting birds
- Open prairie with warm season grasses
- Unfragmented forest habitat
Connecting People with Nature - The outcrops and prairies provide opportunities for scientific education and outreach. The increase in migratory bird activity will provide birders opportunities to see unique and uncommon species. The ecological restoration of the prairie site offers hands-on volunteering experiences for area schools and universities.
Temple Flat Rock Property Management Objectives:
- To preserve the natural, educational, recreational, and aesthetic value of the property which contains a granitic flatrock and a unique and unusual flora and excellent examples of primary succession on bare rock
- To preserve the habitat and rare species located on the flatrocks
- To restore the old fields to piedmont prairies
Summary of Improvements: 25ft wide access corridor leading from Watkins Rd; gate along road and at the entrance to the main property; several trails lead to the flatrocks, around the prairie and woods
Summary of Restrictions: To be open to the public for scientific and educational purposes
Potential Threats to Conservation Values or areas of Concern:
- Dumping of trash and debirs
- Off Road vehicle use
- Invasive and non-native plant species.
Relevant Inventories and Plans:
Baseline Documentation Report (1995) Rahlff F. Ingle
Forest Stewardship Plan (2009)
Wake County Natural Heritage Inventory (2003) Harry LeGrand, Jr. and Christine Wiecek
Butterfly Inventory (2002) Shay Garriock
Soil Survey (2000) Rich Hayes and Mathew Arnsberger
Trefoil Study, Lotus unifoliatus, (2007) Robert N. Masson and Jon M. Stucky
"All I want is to sit on my porch and see tomorrow what I see today...and I want my grandchildren to see it too."


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The fruit and vegetable research taking place at Iowa State University's Horticulture Research Station will be on full display for the Fruit and Vegetable Field Day Aug. 5. Specific projects include high tunnels, organic vegetable production, pepper and sweet potato production, pest management in cucurbit crops, hops, peaches and beneficial insects such as bees, wasps and pollinators.
The Iowa Small Farms Conference is an event for people excited to learn more about opportunities with small acreage and ways they can make income on their land or improve their rural lifestyle.
Iowa State University Extension and Outreach will host a field day on Thursday, June 30 to highlight food safety procedures for water safety, cleaning produce and handling practices for commercial fruit and vegetable growers.
The event will be held from 3-5 p.m. at the One Step at a Time Gardens (1465 120th Street) near Kanawha, Iowa. It will provide information and demonstrations on water testing for cleaning produce as well as sanitizers, packaging and temperature management for commercial fruit and vegetable growers.


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Nazis Tried To Train Dogs To Read, Write, And Speak, New Jan Bondeson Book Says
First Posted: 05/25/2011 5:31 pm Updated: 04/17/2012 11:32 am
Hitler may be on the short list of despicable dictators most undeserving of a dog's unconditional love, but that didn't stop him from trying to talk them.
According to a new book titled "Amazing Dogs: A Cabinet of Canine Curiosities," Nazi specialists attempted -- apparently with some success -- to train a fleet of "intelligent" dogs to read, write and speak.
"The Nazis were sentimental enthusiasts who were really fond of animals and liked the idea that dogs were intelligent and could communicate with people," Bondeson told AOL Weird news.
According to Bondeson, Hitler and the Germans seem to have had hopes that the superior dogs would eventually communicate with their SS masters and act as the ultimate guard dogs.
Considering their record on human rights, the Nazi's actually had notoriously strong feelings about animal rights.
Hitler was widely recognized as a dog lover and owned two German Shepherds, named Blondi and Bella. The dictator famously killed Blondi before taking his own life in 1945.
Bondeson says that some Nazis even wrote letters to local authorities about the pets that were being left behind when the military began forcing Jews into concentration camps.
"When the Jews were deported from certain German cities, nobody bothered about them, they said 'good riddance,'" Bondeson explains. "But as for their pets, people thought, 'Well, they can't bring those with them to the concentration camps, surely we must do something.'"
"It's a completely forgotten aspect: A good Nazi was a friend to animals."


Altair® Monarch®

Locating a Specific Row or Column in a Table or Summary
When your tables or summaries include a large number of rows or columns, you may find locating a specific record tedious. You can go to a specific row or column in a table or summary by clicking the Go to Row button in the Table or Summary View ribbon.
Doing so launches the Go to Row/Column dialog.

Specify a row number or column to go to and then click OK when you are finished.

NOTES:
 - Instead of using column numbers, you can opt to look for a specific column name. Tick the box for Use column names in the dialog to display a drop-down from which you can select a column name to go to.
 - To search for a specific item in your table, use the Go to row and Go to column options simultaneously.
 - Tick the box for Use column names if you prefer to search for a specific column name to go to instead.
 - For complex summaries, only column numbers may be available.


Kyrenia Gate
The Kyrenia Gate is the arched northern entry into the city of Nicosia, through the city walls. It was built by the Venetians in 1567. The gate used to be called 'Porta Del Proveditore' named after the Venetian engineer Proveditore Francesco. Inscriptions from Venetian and Ottoman times can be seen on the walls of the gate.


A380 Door and Landing Gear Animation
Landing gear is the undercarriage of an aircraft or spacecraft, and is used in both takeoff and landing. Model of landing gear and doors for Airbus A380. As a senior detail design project for a class, the doors were to be redesigned with attention paid to weight and strength
For aircraft, the landing gear supports the craft when it is not flying, allowing it to take off, land, and taxi without damage. Wheels are typically used but skids, skis, floats or a combination of these and other elements can be deployed depending both on the surface and on whether the craft only operates vertically (VTOL) or is able to taxi along the surface. Faster aircraft usually have retractable undercarriages, which folds away during flight to reduce air resistance or drag.
For launch vehicles and spacecraft landers, the landing gear is typically designed to support the vehicle only post-flight, and are not used for takeoff or surface movement.
Aircraft landing gear usually includes wheels equipped with simple shock absorbers, or more advanced air/oil oleo struts, forrunway and rough terrain landing. Some aircraft are equipped with skis for snow or floats for water, and/or skids or pontoons(helicopters).
The undercarriage is a relatively heavy part of the vehicle; it can be as much as 7% of the takeoff weight, but more typically is 4–5%.
Read: 332


There's a good chance that if you've walked around in any city, you've passed by defensive architecture. It's all around us and it shapes the fabric of the city—which is why it's important to understand what defensive architecture is. According to Toronto-based urban planning researcher Cara Chellew, "Defensive urban design, also known as hostile, unpleasant, or exclusionary architecture is a type of persuasive design used to guide behaviour in urban space by designing out specific uses of street furniture or the built environment as a form of crime prevention or protection of property" (Chellew, "About"). In other words, defensive or hostile architecture is architecture designed to limit the ways in which a space can be used. These subtle design implementations act as miniature zoning laws that dictate appropriate uses of public space. Our goal is to educate people on what hostile architecture looks like and who it impacts.
 What does defensive architecture mean, why does it exist, and what challenges does it bring?
 Take Action
 Take a look at a map of hostile architecture found in Washington, DC and submit your own examples.


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'Chocolate Maths' printed from
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This is cool chocolate maths!!!
bar of chocolate.
 3. Add 5 (for Sunday).
 4. Multiply it by 50.
 5. Add 1750.
 7. Now subtract the four digit year that you were born (if you remember).
You should now have a three digit number. The first digit will be your original number (i.e. how many times you eat chocolate each week). The next two digits give your age. Can you explain why it works?


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No. 36 Stabilizing Effects on CAPE by the Formation of Inclusion Complex with Cyclodextrin
It is very important to stabilize the functional components in foods, in order to guarantee the safety / security of those foods.
CDs can stabilize some functional foods and ingredients (e.g. CoQ10、alipoic acid、royal jelly)
Interaction of CAPE with CD
Stability of CAPE-γ-CD
Solubilization of CAPE-γ-CD
Stabilization of CAPE by CDs
- The binding constants of the inclusion of CAPE with CDs were evaluated (K = 2000 M-1).
- The Stabilization effects of γ-CD for CAPE against 1) enzymatic hydrolysis 2) Michael Addition with amino acid 3) oxidation were observed.
- CAPE-γ-CD was more soluble than CAPE in the presence of bile acid.
→ increasing of the bioavailability.
→ These results showed that CAPE in NZ propolis can be stabilize without losing its functions by formation of inclusion complex with γ-CD.


Eclipse and Maven Integration (without m2e)
This page describes how to integrate an EAR project in Eclipse or Eclipse-based IDE without m2e support. Normally however, using m2e (and m2e-wtp) should be the preferred way to integrate Maven and Eclipse. But in some rare cases that might not be possible.
If you have used mvn eclipse:eclipse to generate the metadata for an EAR project, it will want the application.xml file in the src/main/application/META-INF directory.
If you edit application.xml using the WTP based Application Deployment Descriptor editor, it will use the name of the projects (Web, EJB etc) as the name of the modules. Here is an example:
Obviously this does not have the typical Maven based version naming convention applied to it. This allows us to run the application internally within Eclipse using the test environments. When Maven is used to create the ear using mvn package, it will create the versionized application.xml file, if told to. However, by default it will not pick up the generated (versionized) one, it will use the existing one in the src/main/application/META-INF directory.
The solution to resolve this conflict is to have Maven generate the application.xml and use the generated one as opposed to the existing one.
This can be achieved via these two directives:
The first line tells Maven to generate a new application.xml file, by default in the target directory. The second line tells Maven to use it.


text:
Jackson County residents see state spending grow far faster than local incomes
Growth in state spending per capita outpaced per capita personal income growth by nearly 40 percent in Jackson County.
Illinois lawmakers have been on a spending spree. And it's outpacing residents' ability to pay.
In Jackson County, for example, per capita personal income grew by an average of 2.8 percent each year from 2005-2015. But state lawmakers grew per capita state spending by 3.9 percent each year over the same time – nearly 40 percent faster than the growth in local pocketbooks.
Statewide, personal income per capita grew by an average of just over 3.1 percent per year, meaning state spending outpaced that growth by 25 percent.
Illinois' growth in state spending is unsustainable. And it injects uncertainty into the lives of Illinoisans.
When government spending grows faster than residents' ability to pay, politicians are left with two choices: hike taxes or borrow money.
Illinois lawmakers have been eager to do both. Even with last summer's $5 billion tax hike passed by the General Assembly, the budget is still out of balance by more than $1 billion. And state debt continues to climb.
Hiking taxes to make up for out-of-control spending hurts the state's economy. A recent study from the Illinois Policy Institute found Illinois' 2011 tax hike cost the state 9,300 jobs and nearly $56 billion in economic activity from 2012-2016. The most recent 2017 tax hike is expected to inflict similar damage.
But it's not just at the state level where Jackson County residents have their tax burdens grow. Property taxes continue to take a larger and larger chunk out of household budgets.
Jackson County has the highest property taxes among the southernmost counties in Illinois, with nearly $2,000 a year in annual median property taxes paid, according to data from the Tax Foundation. Statewide, Jackson County is in the top 50 for median property taxes paid, ranking 47 out of Illinois' 102 counties.
An analysis of all 102 counties in the state found that between 2000 and an average of years 2009-2013, Jackson County residents saw their property tax burdens increase by more than 27 percent.
Leaders at the state and local levels have proven unable to rein in spending. That's meant uncertainty for residents, who are unable to predict what government will be costing them five, 10 or 15 years down the line.
In a healthy economy, Illinois' government spending should grow. But that growth shouldn't exceed residents' ability to pay.
A smart spending cap that ties government spending growth to the state's economic growth – 2.89 percent per year since 2000 – would gift greater certainty to residents in Jackson County and across the state.
And at the local level, a property tax freeze is an essential first step toward reducing the burden of property taxes on homeowners – offering them greater certainty in the future value of their homes. To work toward real property tax relief, addressing cost-drivers for local governments is key. Lawmakers should also take aim at government consolidation, collective bargaining reform, prevailing wage reform and more.
Until state and local lawmakers get serious about reining in spending, Jackson County residents will continue to see government spending outpace the growth in their own pocketbooks.


We implemented the algorithm used to detect Tap-Wave-Rub's wave gesture following the instructions in [1]. Whenever the user wants to make a phone call, Tap-Wave-Rub asks her to perform a wave gesture, if the wave gesture is not detected within 10 seconds Tap-Wave-Rub does not allow her to make the phone call.
In our attack, SMASheD records a valid wave gesture and replays it. SMASheD was able to deceive Tap-Wave-Rub successfully.
 1. Haoyu Li, Di Ma, Nitesh Saxena, Babins Shrestha, and Yan Zhu. 2013. Tap-Wave-Rub: lightweight malware prevention for smartphones using intuitive human gestures. In Proceedings of the sixth ACM conference on Security and privacy in wireless and mobile networks (WiSec '13). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 25-30. DOI=10.1145/_PHONE_._PHONE_ _URL_


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UTAH, June 3, 2021 (Gephardt Daily) — An excessive heat warning has been issued for parts of Utah beginning Thursday.
A tweet from the National Weather Services says the warning applies to parts of the Wasatch Front, West Desert, Lower Washington County and the Glen Canyon Recreation Area, shown in pink on map. The warning is in place Thursday through Saturday for southern Utah and Friday through Saturday morning for northern Utah.
"Dangerously hot temperatures running 15 to 20 degrees above average with little overnight cooling in urban areas," the tweet said. "Significant increase for heat-related illnesses, particularly for those working outdoors or participating in outdoor activities."
There is also a heat advisory in place for portions of northern Utah west of Wasatch Crest, the Uinta Basin and the central Utah valleys; Sanpete and Sevier, shown in orange on the map. High temperatures will near 100 degrees fahrenheit. The advisory is in place Thursday through Saturday for urban areas and Thursday through Friday night for all other valleys.
"Hot temperatures may cause heat-related illnesses to occur," the tweet said.
There is also a fire weather watch Friday morning through Sunday evenings for the parts of the map seen below.
Affected Utahns are being asked to follow these fire safety tips:
- Keep vehicles off dry grass and brush.
- Sparks from lawnmowers and power equipment can and do start wildfires.
- Make sure campfires are completely out.
- Properly dispose of cigarettes.
- Check and obey all fire restrictions.
- Target shooting can create sparks that fly.
For tips on staying safe in the heat click here.


text:
College of the Ozarks Hosts Former POW
January 24, 2014 11:51 AM
College of the Ozarks hosted former POW of Vietnam War retired Colonel Lee Ellis for a "teach-in" December 11, 2013, at 7 p.m., in Jones Auditorium.
"In light of the 50th anniversary of the Vietnam War, College of the Ozarks welcomed Colonel Ellis to give our version of what a 'teach-in' should be," said College of the Ozarks President Jerry C. Davis. "During the '60s and '70s many may recall numerous colleges shutting down classes to hold 'teach-ins,' in order to educate students on what some thought about the Vietnam War. At the College, where patriotism is a main goal, it was only fitting that he hold a 'teach-in' of sorts, too. Only the College's 'teach-in' educated students on the service and sacrifices made by American men and women who served in the Vietnam War and returned from honorable service only to be treated, in many cases, dishonorably."
During the 'teach-in' Colonel Ellis shared his experience at the infamous Camp Hanoi Hilton as a POW and the leadership lessons that helped him and his comrades return home with honor.
He served as an Air Force fighter pilot flying 53 combat missions over North Vietnam. In 1967, his jet was shot down and he held as a POW for more than five years at Camp Hanoi Hilton-the same camp in which Senator John McCain was imprisoned.
After the war Colonel Ellis served as an instructor pilot, chief of flight standardization/evaluation, and flying squadron commander. Additionally, he commanded two leadership development organizations before retiring as a Colonel. His combat decorations include two Silver Stars, the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star, Purple Heart, and the POW Medal.
From March 2013-September 2014, College of the Ozarks has and will celebrate and honor Veterans of the Vietnam War to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the conflict. While our Vietnam Veterans did not receive the appreciation and homecoming they deserved during the 1960s-70s, the College has resolved to properly honor and recognize them for their service and sacrifices and to educate the younger generations on the importance of their selfless contributions to our nation. This teach-in is just one of many events the College has planned to honor Vietnam Veterans.


oldest words
Tag archives for oldest words
"Who you two? I five … "
And with this, a five year old catapulted back in time, say 10,000 years in West Asia or Southern Europe, encountering two people, would make perfectly intelligible sentence that wold be understood by all. Assuming all the people who were listening were at least reasonably savvy about language and a little patient. This is because…


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Giribaile Dam – Reservoir
The Giribaile Dam was built between 1992 and 1997 on the Guadalimar riverbed. The reservoir is part of the Andalusian municipalities of Ibros, Vilches, Rus, Canena, Ubeda, Navas de San Juan and Sabiote.
Tributary of the Guadalquivir, the Guadalimar river rises at the foot of the Cerro Almenara, in the Sierra de Alcaraz, Albacete.
The reservoir belongs to the Confederación Hidrográfica del Guadalquivir (area of Jaen).
The reservoir basin has a surface area of 2932 km2 and an average annual contribution of 336,90 hm3.
The type of dam is loose materials with vertical clay core, fixed spillway lip with lateral weir, has a crest length of 685,80 m and a dam volume of 2.400.000 hm3. Its crest elevation is 355,50 meters and the height from foundation is 266,50 m ( m.s.n.m.)
Reservoir capacity: 475,08 hm3.
Giribaile Dam & Reservoir Purpose-Objectives
* Ecological Flow


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Asset Distance and Search Radius
For each polygon geofence that covers the asset position or is close to it, the Geofencing Extension API returns the geofence geometry together with the asset's distance to this geometry.
- The asset is outside of the geofence – the distance is the straight line to the closest border of the geofence. This is always the case for line and point geofences.
- The asset is inside the geofence – the distance is the straight line to the closest border of the polygon, with a negative sign.
- The asset is outside of the search radius – the geofence is not listed in the response.
- The asset is inside the polygon but further away from the border of the search radius – a special value indicating "far inside" is returned.
In your application, you can use the asset distance to generate events with different severity levels based on specific distance thresholds. You can also suppress superfluous events if the asset is moving along the geofence border, such as, entering or leaving the geofence frequently without a significant change in the asset distance.
- within the polygon 250m from the closest border
- within the polygon more than 20km from the closest border
- outside the geofence 333m from the closest border
- outside the geofence more than 20km from the closest border (this value applies to all non-listed geofences, when the asset is outside of the search radius)
Events such as entering, leaving, flickering along the border of the geofence, or re-entering the geofence do not receive an explicit response; only the asset distances. The same applies to a sequence of events, such as the asset entering the geofence for the third time or leaving for the second time on the same day.


text:
Level of consciousness is a measure of a child's ability to interact with other people and react to his or her surroundings. A decreased level of consciousness may point to a serious health problem.
Symptoms of a decreased level of consciousness in a young child include:
Last Revised: April 5, 2012
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review: William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine & H. Michael O'Connor, MD - Emergency Medicine
To learn more visit Healthwise.org
© _PHONE_ Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.


text:
Erowid References Database
Fang X, Li W, Gao H, Ma Y, Dong X, & Zheng D.
"Skin hyperpigmentation: a rare presenting symptom of nitrous oxide abuse".
Clinical Toxicology. 2019 Sep 16.
Context: Recreational nitrogen oxide (N2O) abuse can cause nervous system damage. There was a sharp increase in the number of patients with neurological disorders associated with recreational N2O use in China, as recreational N2O use became popular in young people nationwide. Among cases with neurological disorders caused by N2O abuse, a few showed skin hyperpigmentation, which has rarely been reported. We explored the characteristics of hyperpigmentation in N2O abusers to draw the attention of clinicians to this rare cutaneous symptom related to N2O abuse.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected data of patients with neurological disorders related to recreational N2O abuse in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2014 to June 2019. Detailed clinical data were gathered from patients who manifested skin pigmentation, including the history of N2O abuse and characteristics of neurological lesions and skin pigmentation.
RESULTS: In total, 66 patients (average age: 22.7 ± 4.5 years, 36 males) with neurological disorders due to N2O abuse were included; four of them (17–23 years old, 1 male) manifested skin hyperpigmenta-tion. The duration of N2O abuse of the four patients ranged from 2 to 24 months, and they all had peripheral neuropathy; the two patients also had subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. One patient exhibited significant hyperpigmentation throughout the body (trunk, limbs, and face), with no abnormalities in cortisol and other biochemical tests. One patient presented with punctuate pigmentation throughout the trunk. Two patients presented with finger skin pigmentation, especially in the distal phalanxes. Pigmentation after N2O use remitted slowly with vitamin B12 supplementation.
CONCLUSIONS: Skin hyperpigmentation is a rare symptom in N2O abusers, which can distribute locally in hands or diffusely throughout the body. Therefore, attention should be paid to a history of N2O abuse and serum vitamin B12 level should be tested.
[ Cite HTML


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Robots that can mimic the exact brush strokes of master painters or calligraphers could recreate their work, a Japanese researcher said Tuesday.
"We have been able to teach this robot to successfully copy the brush strokes of a master of calligraphy," said Seiichiro Katsura, an associate professor of system design engineering at Keio University.
A perfect copy of a work by long-dead artists such as Monet or Picasso is not possible, as the robot needs a living model to imitate, applying the same pressure and making the same gestures, Katsura said.
But the technology could be used in complex surgery or mechanics.
"In Japan, where the population is quickly ageing, there are fears that valuable skills may not be handed down to younger generations," said Katsura.
The robot was on display at Asia's biggest tech fair—the Combined Exhibition of Advanced Technologies (CEATEC) exhibition—which opened on Tuesday at Makuhari, near Tokyo.
Explore further: Smartphones control smart homes at Asia tech fair


tanner engraving
In the mid C19th the last leather tanner in Hathern, Mr. Richard Smith was declared bankrupt and was forced to sell his property and fixtures.This marked the end of a trade that started hundreds of years before.
The history of tanning in Britain. The work of an ancient tanner was unglamorous to say the least. It started with an arduous preparatory stage that could take several weeks. First, the animals skins were cleaned and softened with water. Once cleaned, the tanners still had to pound the hides to remove excess fat and flesh. Next, to loosen the hair follicles, they would either coat the hides with an alkaline lime mixture, leave the hides out to putrefy for months, or soak them in vats of urine before removal with a dull knife (scudding). In the 'bating' stage, tanners worked animal dung or brains into the skins either by beating with sticks or kneading them in a vat of faeces and water.
The combination of bacterial enzymes found in animal waste and the beating or kneading action fermented the skin and made it supple. Understandably, ancient tanneries were always found on the outskirts of towns. With the malodorous preparatory work complete, the hides were ready for tanning. From ancient times and through the 18th century, tanners used a chemical compound called tannin, derived from tree bark and certain plant leaves. Hides were stretched out on frames and immersed in vats of concentrated amounts of tannin. Tannins bind to the collagen proteins in the hide and coat them, causing them to become less water-soluble, more bacteria-resistant, and more flexible. From


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Design Note #16
Today's jet engines are a marvel of fuel efficiency. Keeping those engines operating at their peak performance requires constant maintenance. Turbofan roundness plays a critical role in jet engine performance.
Under typical use, jet engine component parts exhibit wear due to airborne sand and dust particles. These particles can erode an engine's performance in surprisingly few operational hours. Frequent maintenance keeps an engine in peak condition. The ability to measure the roundness of the component parts of a jet engine assembly is critical to the unit's fuel efficiency.
Using precision contact methods, OTEC performed the hardware design of a multi-channel roundness measuring device. Creating an architecture which supports an unlimited number of roundness channels, OTEC's circuitry is capable of detecting roundness deviations of ten Microns or less in objects up to nine feet in diameter.
OTEC has performed many industrial instrumentation designs. Severe environmental stress and demanding performance is a typical requirement for OTEC's instrumentation designs. Whether it's vacuum, pressure, temperature, radiation, ionization, X-Ray detection, smoke detection, proximity, moisture, hydrocarbon, fuel combustion, or roundness—we've done it all. Contact OTEC today and let us perform an industrial instrumentation design for you too.


text:
1934 the
original Lanes Bridge had become part of Route 41 but was considered obsolete
even for the standards of the time. The original 1934 alignment of Route 41
used modern Friant Road and Lanes Road to cross the San Joaquin River via the
original Lanes Bridge. The original Lanes Bridge was heavily damaged in a 1937
flood along the San Joaquin River but was once again repaired. It wasn't until
the summer of 1940 when an overloaded truck crashed through the road deck of
that the use of the original Lanes Bridge ended. Route 41 traffic was
temporarily rerouted to Friant over the 1906 North Fort Bridge until the 1941
Lanes Bridge was opened. The original alignment of Route 41 was routed along
what is now a long abandoned alignment of Abby Street in the River Park
neighborhood of northern Fresno (near the annexed community of Pinedale). Abby
Street once crossed over what is now the Route 41 freeway to Friant Road. Route
41 followed an older alignment of Friant Road which has been repurposed as part
of the Lewis E. Eaton Trail along a ridge above the San Joaquin River northward
to Rice Road. Route 41 followed Rice Road to Lanes Road which approached the
1889 Lanes Bridge on the south band of the San Joaquin River.
(Source: Gribblenation Blog: 1889 Lanes Bridge Location (Old California State Route 41), 4/17/2019)
It appears that Route 41 had a different routing in 1935 near Oakhurst: On
the 1935 Map of Madera County, the current crossing crossing of the Fresno
River west of the confluence with China Creek is instead east of the confluence
crossing on what are now Road 425B and Road 426 in Oakhurst. Route 41 can be
seen traversing southbound from Oakhurst on Road 425B towards Coarsegold on the
1935 Madera County Map.
(Source: Gribblenation Blog: Old California State Route 41 on Road 425B, 2/2/2018)
CalTrans is in the midst of a number of projects to upgrade Route 41 in Fresno and the Fresno vicinity. Fresno has long had a deficit of freeways. This changed in 1986 when the electorate in Fresno County voted to raise their sales tax by .5% for twenty years to fund road improvements. At the time of the measure, Freeway Route 41 went only as far north as Bullard Avenue. The first project was to build the freeway to Woodward Park, just shy of the San Joaquin River (and the county line). In 1997, the Route 41 freeway was extended as far south as North Avenue. The plans are to have it expressway grade from there to Conejo or Mendocino Avenues (near Caruthers).
According to Joe Rouse in May 2001:
I traveled the 41 freeway from Jensen Ave. (~ FRE R21.113) north into Madera County. The new freeway extends quite a ways south of Jensen but I didn't have time to travel it. There are still Route 41 shields on Route 99 between Jensen and the interchange with the Route 41 freeway. Prior to the completion of the Route 41 freeway south of Route 99, Jensen Ave. was designated as Route 41 between Route 99 and Elm Ave.
The extension north into Madera County starts on the west side of the old highway. Parts of the old road remain there, including the San Joaquin River bridge. The new freeway is 4 lanes but the new bridges across the river look like they are built to accommodate 3 lanes in each direction. The old road continues north, parallel to the new freeway, up to a large interchange that looks out of place since it is in an area with very little development..only the Valley Children's Hospital, is out there. However, this interchange has signals and ramp metering. Future development is apparently being planned. Just north of there the freeway becomes a super-2 and runs east of the old alignment, which has been renamed and signed as Business Route 41. The super-2 rejoins the old alignment at Avenue 12.
2007 CMIA. The following project on Route 41 in Fresno County was submitted to the Corridor Mobility Improvement Account for funding: expansion of the route to eight lanes from Divisadero to Shields ($95M) (~ FRE R23.704 to FRE R26.466). Not recommended for funding.
In July 2010, the California Transportation Commission approved the last bit of funding for the Route 41/Route 168/Route 180 interchange project (~ FRE R24.507), which will build a system of new ramps with overpasses to separate streams of traffic that now merge and diverge in an often chaotic scene. Two other project on Route 41 also are getting under way. One adds a new lane to the outside between Herndon and Bullard avenues to better accommodate entering and exiting traffic. The other involves installing ramp meters at four sites between Ashlan and Bullard avenues.
In November 2010, the CTC approved for future consideration of funding a project in Fresno County that will construct new braided ramps between Route 41 and Route 168 in the city of Fresno (~ FRE R24.522). The project is programmed in the 2010 State Highway Operation and Protection Program. Construction is estimated to begin in Fiscal Year 2010-11. Total estimated project cost is $55,000,000 for capital and support. The project will mitigate potential impacts to noise to a less than significant level by building soundwalls at four locations.
In August 2011, it was reported that Caltrans completed installation of three ramp-metering systems: one at McKinley Avenue (~ FRE R25.28), and the other two at Shields Avenue (~ï¿½FRE R26.466). The average daily traffic volume on Route 41 at each of these locations is about 125,000 vehicles. The $2.5 million project was financed entirely by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act).
Shaw Avenue Widening
The following project was included in the final adopted 2018 SHOPP in March 2018: PPNO 6879. 06-Fresno-41 R27.6/R28.3. On Route 41 Near Fresno, from the northbound Ashlan Avenue onramp to the northbound Shaw Avenue offramp. Construct northbound auxiliary lane and add an additional lane to the Shaw Avenue offramp. Begin Con: 2/18/2022. Total Project Cost: $22,957K.
In June 2018, the City of Fresno posted that they
will be widening the northbound off-ramp of Route 41 at Shaw Avenue to provide
an improved travel way for motorists beginning Monday, June 4 through Thursday,
September 13, 2018. There will be intermittent lane closures on the northbound
off-ramp and on eastbound Shaw Avenue.
(Source: City of Fresno Facebook Page, 6/1/2018)
Improvement of the Friant Road Interchange (~ FRE R31.718) in Fresno, including addition of an auxiliar lane and operational improvements, is TCRP Project #95. The project is to improve the operation of northbound Route 41 from Herndon Avenue to Friant Road. The project is to construct a median lane from El Paso Avenue to Friant Road, construct an auxiliary lane from Herndon Avenue to Friant Road, construct a second auxiliary lane from El Paso Avenue to Friant Road, and widen Friant Road to accommodate the two auxiliary lanes. Due to a reduction in cost for Right-of-Way, in February 2006 the CTC considered redistribution of $424,000 in TCRP funds to ongoing work in Plans, Specifications, and Estimates (PS&E). PS&E was completed in August 2006, and expenditures were lower than originally estimated. The $230,000 surplus is needed for Construction due to increased cost in asphalt concrete and structural concrete. The project is being constructed in two segments. The first segment, funded with $9,376,000 from the State Highway Operation and Protection Program (SHOPP), will be completed in December 2006. Construction of the second segment will be funded with $8,300,000 in TCRP funds. Estimated completion is in FY 2010/2011. The mitigated negative environmental impact declaration was recieved in July 2007.
In September 2005, the CTC considered a proposal to relinquish the segement of former Route 41 (bypassed by the freeway construction) from 0.1 mile south of the Perrin Road Undercrossing to the San Joaquin River Bridge, consisting of superseded highway right of way. (~ FRE 33.085)
In January 2015, the CTC approved for future consideration of funding a project that will seismically retrofit the Route 41 San Joaquin River Bridge (~ FRE 033.37) near Herndon and upgrade the railings on both this bridge and the San Joaquin River Overflow Bridge (~ MAD 000.08). The project is programmed in the 2014 State Highway Operation and Protection Program. The total estimated cost is $6,029,000 for capital and support. Construction is estimated to begin in Fiscal Year 2016-17. The scope, as described for the preferred alternative, is consistent with the project scope programmed by the Commission in the 2014 State Highway Operation and Protection Program.
2007 CMIA. The following project on Route 41 in Madera County was submitted to the Corridor Mobility Improvement Account for funding: widening Route 41 between Ave 11 and Ave 12 (including an Ave 12 interchange) ($44.8M requested) (~ MAD 2.278 to MAD 3.226) . Not recommended for funding.
Coursegold Passing Lanes (MAD 11.7/13.6)
In December 2014, the CTC approved for future consideration of funding a project that will construct passing lanes, outside shoulders, a median barrier, and rumble strips on a portion of Route 41


text: A tent that features a set of individual poles arranged beneath the fabric roof to support and define the shape of the structure. The fabric roof is tensioned over the poles and attached to ropes and/or cables at designated spots around the fabric's edges. The ropes/cables are anchored to the ground using stakes, augers, or weights around the perimeter of the tent. Pole-supported tents,are the grandfather of the tent industry, and were once the only type of tent available. Though they have lost ground to newer designs, pole-supported tents remain popular in the United States and are still considered an important part of most tent rental inventories.