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Ethanol as an electrolyte additive for alkaline zinc-air flow batteries
Updated: Oct 21, 2018
Soraya Hosseini, Siow Jing Han, Amornchai Arponwichanop, Tetsu Yonezawa & Soorathep Kheawhom
Zinc-air flow batteries exhibit high energy density and offer several appealing advantages. However, their low efficiency of zinc utilization resulted from passivation and corrosion of the zinc anodes has limited their broad application. In this work, ethanol, which is considered as an environmentally friendly solvent, is examined as an electrolyte additive to potassium hydroxide (KOH) aqueous electrolyte to improve electrochemical performance of the batteries. Besides, the effects of adding different percentages of ethanol (0–50% v/v) to 8 M KOH aqueous electrolyte were investigated and discussed. Cyclic voltammograms revealed that the presence of 5–10% v/v ethanol is attributed to the enhancement of zinc dissolution and the hindrance of zinc anode passivation. Also, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed that adding 5–10% v/v ethanol could effectively suppress the formation of passivating layers on the active surface of the zinc anodes. Though the addition of ethanol increased solution resistance and hence slightly decreased the discharge potential of the batteries, a significant enhancement of discharge capacity and energy density could be sought. Also, galvanostatic discharge results indicated that the battery using 10% v/v ethanol electrolyte exhibited the highest electrochemical performance with 30% increase in discharge capacity and 16% increase in specific energy over that of KOH electrolyte without ethanol.
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The results led to a dataset of 4,997 Amazon products annotated for health misinformation, said the study published at preprint repository arXiv.org.
For the study, Prerna Juneja and Tanushree Mitra, both from The Information School at the University of Washington, conducted two-sets of algorithmic audits for vaccine misinformation on the search and recommendation algorithms of Amazon.
Also Read: The gift of the jab: How to persuade the public to take the Covid-19 vaccine
They also investigated whether personalisation due to user history plays any role in amplifying misinformation.
So, they did a systematic audit search-results belonging to vaccine-related search-queries without logging into the platform -- unpersonalised audits.
They found 10.47 per cent of search-results promote misinformative health products on the platform.
"We found that search results returned for many vaccine-related queries contain large number of misinformative products leading to high misinformation bias," the researchers said.
Also Read: Vaccine Hesitancy: Celebrities have very low credibility as influencers
Moreover, misinformative products are also ranked higher than debunking products, the results said.
Next, they analysed the effects of personalisation due to account-history, where history is built progressively by performing various real-world user-actions, such as clicking a product.
"Our study also suggests presence of a filter-bubble effect in recommendations, where users performing actions on misinformative products are presented with more misinformation in their homepages, product page recommendations and pre-purchase recommendations," the researchers said.
But in a recent blog post, Amazon said that during 2020, it reviewed almost 10,000 product listings and removed over two million products for violating its offensive or controversial guidelines, VentureBeat reported.
Click here to know all about Digiplus Conclave 2021 and India Digiplus Awards 2021

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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OpenVMS Cluster Systems
Previous Contents Index
F.2.3 Excessive Packet Losses on LAN Paths
Prior to OpenVMS Version 7.3, an SCS virtual circuit closure was the first indication that a LAN path had become unusable. In OpenVMS Version 7.3, whenever the last usable LAN path is losing packets at an excessive rate, PEDRIVER displays the following console message:
%PEA0, Excessive packet losses on LAN path from local-device-name
 to device-name on REMOTE NODE node-name
This message is displayed when PEDRIVER recently had to perform an excessively high rate of packet retransmissions on the LAN path consisting of the local device, the intervening network, and the device on the remote node. The message indicates that the LAN path has degraded and is approaching, or has reached, the point where reliable communications with the remote node are no longer possible. It is likely that the virtual circuit to the remote node will close if the losses continue. Furthermore, continued operation with high LAN packet losses can result in significant loss in performance because of the communication delays resulting from the packet loss detection timeouts and packet retransmission.
The corrective steps to take are:
 1. Check the local and remote LAN device error counts to see whether a problem exists on the devices. Issue the following commands on each node:
 $ SHOW DEVICE local-device-name
 $ MC SCACP
 SCACP> SHOW LAN device-name
 $ MC LANCP
 LANCP> SHOW DEVICE device-name/COUNT

 2. If device error counts on the local devices are within normal bounds, contact your network administrators to request that they diagnose the LAN path between the devices.
F.2.4 Preliminary Network Diagnosis
If the symptoms and preliminary diagnosis indicate that you might have a network problem, troubleshooting LAN communication failures should start with the step-by-step procedures described in Appendix C. Appendix C helps you diagnose and solve common Ethernet and FDDI LAN communication failures during the following stages of OpenVMS Cluster activity:
 - When a computer or a satellite fails to boot
 - When a computer fails to join the OpenVMS Cluster
 - During run time when startup procedures fail to complete
 - When a OpenVMS Cluster hangs
The procedures in Appendix C require that you verify a number of parameters during the diagnostic process. Because system parameter settings play a key role in effective OpenVMS Cluster communications, Section F.2.6 describes several system parameters that are especially important to the timing of LAN bridges, disk failover, and channel availability.
F.2.5 Tracing Intermittent Errors
Because PEDRIVER communication is based on channels, LAN network problems typically fall into these areas:
 - Channel formation and maintenance
 Channels are formed when HELLO datagram messages are received from a remote system. A failure can occur when the HELLO datagram messages are not received or when the channel control message contains the wrong data.
 - Retransmission
 A well-configured OpenVMS Cluster system should not perform excessive retransmissions between nodes. Retransmissions between any nodes that occur more frequently than once every few seconds deserve network investigation.
Diagnosing failures at this level becomes more complex because the errors are usually intermittent. Moreover, even though PEDRIVER is aware when a channel is unavailable and performs error recovery based on this information, it does not provide notification when a channel failure occurs; PEDRIVER provides notification only for virtual circuit failures.
However, the Local Area OpenVMS Cluster Network Failure Analysis Program (LAVC$FAILURE_ANALYSIS), available in SYS$EXAMPLES, can help you use PEDRIVER information about channel status. The LAVC$FAILURE_ANALYSIS program (documented in Appendix D) analyzes long-term channel outages, such as hard failures in LAN network components that occur during run time.
This program uses tables in which you describe your LAN hardware configuration. During a channel failure, PEDRIVER uses the hardware configuration represented in the table to isolate which component might be causing the failure. PEDRIVER reports the suspected component through an OPCOM display. You can then isolate the LAN component for repair or replacement.
Reference: Section F.7 addresses the kinds of problems you might find in the NISCA protocol and provides methods for diagnosing and solving them.
F.2.6 Checking System Parameters
Table F-3 describes several system parameters relevant to the recovery and failover time limits for LANs in an OpenVMS Cluster.
Table F-3 System Parameters for Timing
Parameter Use
RECNXINTERVAL
Defines the amount of time to wait before removing a node from the OpenVMS Cluster after detection of a virtual circuit failure, which could result from a LAN bridge failure. If your network uses multiple paths and you want the OpenVMS Cluster to survive failover between LAN bridges, make sure the value of RECNXINTERVAL is greater than the time it takes to fail over those paths.
Reference: The formula for calculating this parameter is discussed in Section 3.4.7.
MVTIMEOUT
Defines the amount of time the OpenVMS operating system tries to recover a path to a disk before returning failure messages to the application. Relevant when an OpenVMS Cluster configuration is set up to serve disks over either the Ethernet or FDDI. MVTIMEOUT is similar to RECNXINTERVAL except that RECNXINTERVAL is CPU to CPU, and MVTIMEOUT is CPU to disk.
SHADOW_MBR_TIMEOUT
Defines the amount of time that the Volume Shadowing for OpenVMS tries to recover from a transient disk error on a single member of a multiple-member shadow set. SHADOW_MBR_TIMEOUT differs from MVTIMEOUT because it removes a failing shadow set member quickly. The remaining shadow set members can recover more rapidly once the failing member is removed.
Note: The TIMVCFAIL system parameter, which optimizes the amount of time needed to detect a communication failure, is not recommended for use with LAN communications. This parameter is intended for CI and DSSI connections. PEDRIVER (which is for Ethernet and FDDI) usually surpasses the detection provided by TIMVCFAIL with the listen timeout of 8 to 9 seconds.
F.2.7 Channel Timeouts
Channel timeouts are detected by PEDRIVER as described in Table F-4.
Table F-4 Channel Timeout Detection
PEDRIVER Actions Comments
Listens for HELLO datagram messages, which are sent over channels at least once every 3 seconds Every node in the OpenVMS Cluster multicasts HELLO datagram messages on each LAN adapter to notify other nodes that it is still functioning. Receiving nodes know that the network connection is still good.
Closes a channel when HELLO datagrams or sequenced messages have not been received for a period of 8 to 9 seconds Because HELLO datagram messages are transmitted at least once every 3 seconds, PEDRIVER times out a channel only if at least two HELLO datagram messages are lost and there is no sequenced message traffic.
Closes a virtual circuit when:
 - No channels are available.
 - The packet size of the only available channels is insufficient.
The virtual circuit is not closed if any other channels to the node are available except when the packet sizes of available channels are smaller than the channel being used for the virtual circuit. For example, if a channel fails over from FDDI to Ethernet, PEDRIVER may close the virtual circuit and then reopen it after negotiating the smaller packet size that is necessary for Ethernet segmentation.
Does not report errors when a channel is closed OPCOM "Connection loss" errors or SYSAP messages are not sent to users or other system applications until after the virtual circuit shuts down. This fact is significant, especially if there are multiple paths to a node and a LAN hardware failure occurs. In this case, you might not receive an error message; PEDRIVER continues to use the virtual circuit over another available channel.
Reestablishes a virtual circuit when a channel becomes available again PEDRIVER reopens a channel when HELLO datagram messages are received again.
F.3 Using SDA to Monitor LAN Communications
This section describes how to use SDA to monitor LAN communications.
F.3.1 Isolating Problem Areas
If your system shows symptoms of intermittent failures during run time, you need to determine whether there is a network problem or whether the symptoms are caused by some other activity in the system.
Generally, you can diagnose problems in the NISCA protocol or the network using the OpenVMS System Dump Analyzer utility (SDA). SDA is an effective tool for isolating problems on specific nodes running in the OpenVMS Cluster system.
Reference: The following sections describe the use of some SDA commands and qualifiers. You should also refer to the OpenVMS Alpha System Analysis Tools Manual or the OpenVMS VAX System Dump Analyzer Utility Manual for complete information about SDA for your system.
F.3.2 SDA Command SHOW PORT
The SDA command SHOW PORT provides relevant information that is useful in troubleshooting PEDRIVER and LAN adapters in particular. Begin by entering the SHOW PORT command, which causes SDA to define cluster symbols. Example F-1 illustrates how the SHOW PORT command provides a summary of OpenVMS Cluster data structures.
Example F-1 SDA Command SHOW PORT Display
$ ANALYZE/SYSTEM
SDA> SHOW PORT
VAXcluster data structures
--------------------------
 --- PDT Summary Page ---
 PDT Address Type Device Driver Name


text:
What does HAT mean in Medical?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand HAT in the field in general and in the Medical terminology in particular.
Human African Trypanosomiasis
Find a translation for HAT in other languages:
Select another language:
What does HAT mean?
- hat, chapeau, lid(noun)
- headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


The level 9 spell imprisonment states that
But the spell does not state if this creature can be injured or killed during this state.
Does this mean if a wizard decides to imprison a creature, another creature can kill or whittle away at the imprisoned creature?
By RAW - yes, but it depends on the form of imprisonment
Firstly, rules-as-written describe the spell Imprisonment fundamentally as a restraint, not something that grants immunity to damage or death:
Given the context of the forms of imprisonment (burial, chaining, hedge prison, etc.) it's clear that the purpose of removing the requirement to eat, breathe and age is to keep the prisoner alive in the context of the prison itself. This doesn't necessarily mean the prisoner can't be harmed by other means. (Just like a "regular" prisoner, who is sustained by the infrastructure of the prison, can still be beaten up or killed by the wardens or fellow inmates).
Form of Imprisonment
That being said, the ability to actually access the prisoner in order to do them harm depends heavily on which form of the Imprisonment spell you choose to use:
Slumber and Chaining keep the prisoner easily accessible, and within the reach of a convenient beating/smackdown. These are essentially souped up versions of Sleep and Hold Person.
Burial, Hedged Prison and Minimus Containment specify quite explicitly that it is near-impossible to physically access the prisoner (perhaps not without a Wish spell and some generous DM-ruling).
 - \$\begingroup\$ Could the hedged prison in & of itself be damaging to the creature(s) so imprisoned? (a water creature being imprisoned in a demiplane of fire, lacking an air supply, drains the level of those contained therein, etc). In terms of the minimus containment, would the gem be able to be used for another purpose (casting a spell, which would consume the gem in the process). Also, the terms of the imprisonment breaking could be creative, such that the moment it ended, it would spell death for the creature so contained (lava, deep underwater, far above the clouds & have them drop to their death!) \$\endgroup\$ – Jesse Cohoon Aug 7 '16 at 18:37
 - \$\begingroup\$ _USER_ That is a different question (possibly two or three different questions) from the question here, which is about whether others can physically attack an imprisoned creatures. Since those are different questions, the answer shouldn't be expected to or prodded to answer them. You should ask them as a separate question(s). \$\endgroup\$ – SevenSidedDie Aug 8 '16 at 16:37
Your Answer


text:
A 3D Collision Avoidance Tool for External Beam Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning
International Journal of Medical Physics Research and Practice
Purpose: We are presenting the design and implementation of a 3D‐graphical tool for the detection of potential collisions of various linac components for patient‐specific external treatment planningMethod and Materials: The graphical tool uses the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) to model the exact geometry of any treatment machine by reading its manufacturer's CAD design files. The robust system is based on VRML and Java programming that allows for accurate simulation of any linac hardware module based on the manufacturer's CAD drawings. Results: The tool predicted eminent collisions between different linac components graphically for a simulated Varian 2100EX for certain gantry and table angles. The collision angles were verified manually on the linac and found to agree with the predicted angles from the tool. Conclusions: We have developed a 3D graphical simulation tool that can be used as a stand alone application to assist in external treatment planning by visually simulating collisions between various linac hardware components. Unlike other anti‐collision methods developed so far in the literature, our tool would be able to model the details of the treatment linac and add‐on devices for patient‐specific setups. Hence, the tool will create patient‐specific realistic collision maps for any external treatment scenario. The tool can be used as a stand‐alone program and it is platform independent.
Hamza-Lup, Felix G., L. D. Davis, Sanford Meeks, Omar A. Zeidan.
"A 3D Collision Avoidance Tool for External Beam Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning."
International Journal of Medical Physics Research and Practice, 33 (6): 2175: Wiley.
Wiley Rights & Permissions


text:
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Qala (Maltese: Il-Qala) is a village on the island of Gozo, Malta, with a population of 1,929 as of September 2019. Nearby is Ħondoq ir-Rummien, a coastline with salt pans and caves popular with snorkellers and divers.
|District||Gozo and Comino District|
|• Mayor||Paul Buttigieg (PL)|
|• Total||5.9 km2 (2.3 sq mi)|
|• Density||330/km2 (850/sq mi)|
|Demonym(s)||Qali (m), Qalija (f), Qalin (pl)|
|Time zone||UTC+1 (CET)|
|• Summer (DST)||UTC+2 (CEST)|
|ISO 3166 code||MT-42|
|Patron saint||St. Joseph|
|Day of festa||First Sunday of August|
The name Qala derives from Siculo-Arabic.
About the townEdit
Qala is first referred to in a fifteenth-century portolan preserved at the Vatican Library. It has taken its name from the qala ('port') of Ħondoq ir-Rummien. It is the easternmost village of Gozo and has been inhabited since early times. The development of the present settlement began in the second half of the seventeenth century. It is a pleasant and rural place with many natural and historic attractions.
Though Qala is the farthest village from Gozo's capital, Victoria, it is the closest to the rest of the Maltese archipelago, and the rocky hillsides of Qala enjoy an unobstructed view of the islands of Malta and Comino. The aforementioned islands can be clearly seen from Qala Belvedere and from the small courtyard in front of the church known as Il-Madonna tal-Blat (Our Lady of the Rocks). This church faces Comino and legend has it that it was built so that the people of that island could follow Holy Mass from across the straits when rough weather precluded a priest from crossing there.
Except for a few sheltered inlets, like the popular Ħondoq ir-Rummien, Qala's coastline is largely rugged. Among the many sea caves found along the coast is Għar Minka, which is accessible only by boat.
Qala is located at the easternmost point of Gozo, and is the village furthest from the capital Victoria. Its name is both Arabic and Maltese for sheltered haven or bay, and this is reflected in its coat of arms – a Gozo boat sailing on rough seas. The village parish church is dedicated to Saint Joseph, and was built by Dun Guzepp Diacono, between 1882 and 1889. Its style is baroque as in many other churches on the island. Qala became a parish on 3 February 1872, and until 1889 the parish church was that of the Immaculate Conception of Our Lady. The foundation stone of the parish of Saint Joseph was laid on 19 March 1882 and the church consecrated on 8 May 1904.
Sites of historical interest in and around Qala include the salt pans, a well-preserved windmill and prehistoric remains. One can find examples of cart ruts, (parallel tracks cut into the rock) which extend over 180 metres (590 ft) and are some of the longest on Gozo.
Places of interestEdit
St. Joseph Parish ChurchEdit
The village parish church is dedicated to St Joseph. It was built by the same architect-priest who built the church of Għasri, Dun Guzepp Diacono, between 1882 and 1889, when he was serving as parish priest of Qala. It is built in baroque, for many churches on the island, whether built in the seventeenth or in the latter half of the twentieth century, were constructed in this style.
Qala became a parish on 3 February 1872, the first to be established after the establishment of the Diocese of Gozo. Until 1889, the seat of the parish church was the church of the Immaculate Conception of Our Lady. The foundation stone of the parish of Saint Joseph was laid on 19 March 1882 and the church was consecrated on 8 May 1904. The parish became Archi-presbyteral on 21 April 1965. The village feast to St. Joseph is celebrated yearly in early August.
Immaculate Conception ChapelEdit
This Chapel, which is situated in Qala on the way to Ħondoq ir-Rummien, is one of the earliest Marian shrines on the island and dates back to 1575. It is dedicated to the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary. The feast is celebrated on 8 December and the statue was sculptured in Marseilles by Gallard et Fils in 1887.
In the early 1650s, the chapel was enlarged and on 28 April 1688, it became the parish church of the eastern part of Gozo, Qala, Nadur and Għajnsielem and remained so for about 12 years. It served again as a parish church of Qala from February 1872 to February 1889. It was consecrated on 21 May 1950.
Between 1982 and 1988 the inside was gilded and refurbished. The main attraction is the altarpiece, attributed to Federico Barocci di Urbino. It shows God extending his special protection to the Immaculate Conception. The Virgin Mary was crowned on 1 August 1954.
St. Anthony's BatteryEdit
St. Anthony's Battery, also known as Ras il-Qala (Qala Point) Battery, was built between 1731 and 1732. Its design is attributed to Charles François de Mondion. It was intended to guard the mouth of the channel between Gozo and Comino.
The work was originally designed with a semi-circular gun platform and two blockhouses at the rear; however, it was eventually built with a semi-hexagonal front. Consequently, the landward defenses incorporated a free-standing red-an trace with thick walls and numerous musketry loopholes, which were shielded by two flanking traverses. The land front itself was protected by a shallow ditch. A solid blockhouse with battered walls occupied the center of the enclosure. In 1770, St. Anthony's Battery had an armament of three 8-pounder guns with 427 rounds of roundshot and 75 rounds of grapeshot; and eight 6-pounder guns with 127 rounds of roundshot and 45 rounds of grapeshot.
Although most of the landward part of St. Anthony's Battery was in a precarious state of neglect with part of the wall and the entire blockhouse in complete ruins, Din l-Art Ħelwa (a non-profit making organisation) are at present carrying out renovation and reconstruction works on the Block house and the entrance.
Ħondoq ir-Rummien bay can be accessed from the village of Qala and lies opposite to the isle of Comino. The small sandy beach and its crystalline water makes Ħondoq Bay very popular amongst the local population especially in summer.
Apart from an ideal swimming zone, the bay is also renowned for diving, especially for beginners. During summer evenings a number of local families stay late in Ħondoq to relax by their smoking barbecues enjoying the cool summer breeze.
Voluntary Groups in QalaEdit
Radju Lehen il-QalaEdit
Radio Lehen il-Qala was set up way back in 1996. It was the 25th of July of that year when for the first time a local voice was heard on our radio sets – a voice that echoed into our homes and is still echoing today in a wider and stronger dimension.
Canon Karm Refalo, who was the archpriest of Qala at that time, took the initiative to embark on this new project of setting up a community radio station. Helped along by a group of young people, full of enthusiasm and dynamic energy, they succeeded in transmitting the first schedule of programs for the occasion of the feast of St. Joseph, patron saint of Qala. It was a totally new idea for Qala and even for Gozo, but which took root and is now spread all over the Maltese islands in a considerable number of community radio stations. One may ask, was it opportune that such a radio station should be set up? The answer is definitely yes. Otherwise, how could the station be still functioning fifteen years after it started? The station serves many purposes. Firstly, it is a valuable means of transmission. Besides, it forms a link with Maltese emigrants scattered in so many countries overseas; it is a means for spiritual and social teaching. In addition, it is also a means of support and consolation to so many lonely old or sick people. Listening to a voice coming from a village in the east of Gozo and following all that is happening in the world beyond their rooms, surely provides consolation and companionship – by making them feel part of that world.
The beginning was difficult. Resources were limited. None of those involved were experts in the field of transmission. It all started from scratch in a small room on top of the church sacristy. Yet, it was from there that the voice which today still echoes first emerged. The first schedule of programmes spread over a few days was successfully completed and all felt happy and proud of the achievement. During the days following the village feast, many were asking, ''Why did you stop transmitting?" It was evident that the idea of a local station had been positively welcomed in the village. Not just so, but the community of Qala was in favour of having such an initiative


text:
Why Commercial Restrooms
Commercial restrooms are likely to be utilized by thousands of people in a day. With so much use there is a high probability of vandalism to the many items within a commercial restroom, costing countless amounts of damage every day.
- Receives regular audits to ensure the facilities and utilities are maintained and graffiti free
- Continuous vandalism to the items within a commercial restroom (mirrors, partitions, urinal tops…etc.)
- Continuously replacing vandalized items


text:
Reoxidation of a high-nitrogen ultrathin oxynitride (∼1.3nm) has been studied. The reoxidation is conducted using an alternation of nitrous oxide and oxygen gas in rapid thermal oxidation (RTO). The new finding in this study is the zig-zag characteristic of the oxidation rate by O2 and N 2O. It is clear that the N2O oxidation rate is almost independent of the concentration of nitrogen in oxynitride through out the rapid thermal oxidation process, but the O2 oxidation rate is not.
|Number of pages||2|
|Journal||Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers|
|Issue number||5 A|
|State||Published - 1 May 2005|
- Atomic oxygen
- Nitrous oxide
- Rapid thermal oxidation


I've been working towards packaging my domain logic at my current job so I can reuse it in multiple implementations. The code snippets below were an abandoned experiment for a php Laravel project. I have recently put together a simple way to build a query from an array.
So, instead of something like this:
$post = Post::isPublished()
 ->where('id', $id)
I create an array ['isPublished', 'id' => $id] that is passed to a function defined in a trait.
protected function buildQuery(array $attributes)
 if (count($attributes) == 0) {
 $query = (new $this->model);
 foreach ($attributes as $key => $value) {
 $method_name = camel_case(!is_numeric($key)? $key : $value);
 $scope_method_name = camel_case('scope'.$method_name);
 // Call a local scope method on the model or resume
 // with normal where equals clause.
 if (method_exists($this->model, $scope_method_name)) {
 $query = call_user_func([$query, $method_name], $value);
 } else {
 $query = $query->where($key, $value);
 return $query;
This then allows me to call local scopes and also have a default functionality of $query->where('column', $value) if not using a local scope. The resulting call could look something like...
$attributes = [
 'id' => $id
$post = $this->posts
At the end of the day, an ORM is your friend. So in this case, I still end up using Eloquent over this.


Randomly Switching Upper and Lowercase in a Shell Script
Dave wraps up the shell-script L33t generator
Still, it was an interesting exercise as a shell-scripting problem, because it's surprisingly simply to adapt a set of conversion rules into a sequence of commands. I sidestepped one piece of it, however, and that's what I want to poke around with this article: changing uppercase and lowercase letters somewhat randomly.
This is where "Linux Journal" might become "LiNUx jOurNAl", for example. Why? Uhm, because it's a puzzle to solve. Jeez, you ask such goofy questions of me!
Breaking Down a Line Letter by Letter
The first and perhaps most difficult task is to take a line of input and break it down letter by letter so each can be analyzed and randomly transliterated. There are lots of ways to accomplish this in Linux (of course), but I'm going to use the built-in Bash substring variable reference sequence. It looks like this:
So to get just the ninth character of variable input, for example, I could use ${input:9:1}. Bash also has another handy variable reference that produces the length of the value of a particular variable: ${_TAG_}. Put the two together, and here's the basic initialization and loop:
while [ $charindex -lt $length ]
 # conversion occurs here
 charindex=$(( $charindex + 1 ))
Keep in mind that charindex is initialized to 0, and newstring is initialized to "", so you can see how this quickly steps through every character, adding it to newstring. "Conversion occurs here" is not very exciting, but that's the placeholder you need.
Lower, Meet Upper, and Vice Versa
Last time I also showed a quick and easy way to choose a number 1–10 randomly, so you can sometimes have something happen and other times not happen. In this command:
doit=$(( $RANDOM % 10 )) # random virtual coin flip
Let's say there's only a 30% chance that an uppercase letter will convert to lowercase, but a 50% chance that a lowercase letter will become uppercase. How do you code that? To start, let's get the basic tests:
if [ -z "$(echo "$char" | sed -E's/[[:lower:]]//')" ]
 # it's a lowercase character
elif [ -z "$(echo "$char" | sed -E's/[[:upper:]]//')" ]
 # it's uppercase
This is a classic shell-script trick: to ascertain if a character is a member of a class, replace it with null, then test to see if the resultant string is null (the -Z test).
The last bit's easy. Generate the random number, then if it's below the threshold, transliterate the char; otherwise, do nothing. Thus:
 # lowercase. 50% chance we'll change it
 if [ $doit -lt 5 ] ; then
 char="$(echo $char | tr '[[:lower:]]' '[[:upper:]]')"
 # uppercase. 30% chance we'll change it
 if [ $doit -lt 3 ] ; then
 char="$(echo $char | tr '[[:upper:]]' '[[:lower:]]')"
Put it all together and you have this Frankenstein's monster of a script:
$ sh changecase.sh Linux Journal is a great read.
LiNuX JoURNal is a GrEaT ReAd.
$!!
LINuX journAl IS a gREat rEAd
Now you're ready for writing some ransom notes, it appears!
Load Disqus comments


text:
For Anime Model Eyes
2D Eyes Focus
2D eyes focus is suitable for the model which is using fully textured on eyes area.
- Unity 3D
- 3D model which only use a texture for each eyes. Example: (Eye texture)
+Open your ready model and Export using FBX. :
+Import the model into Unity. Make sure the size in Unity is proper scale 1, 1, 1
+Import the custom package of "2D Eyes Focus'
+Add Xeno Eye Iris Focus Component on 3D model inspector
+Set 'Head Model' or any model which have Eyes Material on it
+For the "Eye Level" you need to create child GameObject on your model.
+Make sure the axis of Z (Blue) is aligned with your model facing.
+Now you can rename your 'GameObject' with 'EyeLevel. And now make the head bone as its parent
+Now set the transform position of 'Eye Level' to all 0, 0, 0.
Probably you want to set your rotation to 80, 270, 0. But make sure your 'Eye Level' z-axis is facing same direction with your model face.
+Now you can drag the 'Eye level' into the empty slot of Eye level in 2d eye focus inspector
+'Target' Empty slot is the target for the iris to focus/tracking/follow around. It's up to you what kind of target you want to use.
If you want to use script and change the target in real-time, use this method to call:
var NewTarget : Transform;
var EyeFocusScript : XenoEyeIrisFocus;
EyeFocusScript.Target = NewTarget;
+Eye Setting drop down to setting the eyes. It's all explanatory in the inspector
Have a nice trying 🙂


text:
The Inventory Alerter monitor runs checks against the inventory database which was filled by the Inventory Collector monitor. Because they work so closely, the Inventory Alerter's schedule is usually linked to the Inventory Collector, so it runs as soon as the Collector finishes.
The Inventory Alerter is basically an expression builder that lets you specify a list of rules to check for the target server. If the rules match, the monitor's actions are fired. The example below shows a possible check of the anti-virus software running on the target server.
Many of the possible values for an inventory property would be hard to guess, so you can hover over the field to see a list of example values in the database for that value.
Besides specifying property match values, you can also indicate which additional properties should be shown in alert messages. This often helps give context to what is wrong with the present value of the property.
For example, by including the Last Boot field when there are pending updates, you might discover a computer isn't rebooting as expected.
You can also detect and be alerted to hardware changes in a target computer. For example, you could detect if RAM was added or removed.


text: This chapter provides a theoretically-motivated overview of the association between social class and religion, primarily in the United States. I focus on three dimensions of this association. First, social-class stratification in religious affiliation, emphasizing both change and stability in the social-class hierarchy of religious traditions. Second, social-class differences in religious belief and participation, which indicate both positive and negative associations between social class and religiosity. Third, the influence of religion on views of social stratification, which in some ways support and in other ways conflict with expectations derived from classical theory. For each of these dimensions of the association between religion and social class, I review the relevant literature and provide empirical examples using the General Social Survey. I conclude by offering suggestions for future research.


text: The bacterial 16S tag-encoded FLX-titanium amplicon pyrosequencing (bTEFAP) method was used to carry out the classification analysis of bacterial flora in adult female and male horn flies and horn fly eggs. The bTEFAP method identified 16S rDNA sequences in our samples which allowed the identification of various prokaryotic taxa associated with the life stage examined. This is the first comprehensive report of bacterial flora associated with the horn fly using a culture-independent method. Several rumen, environmental, symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria associated with the horn fly were identified and quantified. This is the first report of the presence of Wolbachia in horn flies of USA origin and is the first report of the presence of Rikenella in an obligatory blood feeding insect.


text:
Yellow-legged Tinamou (Crypturellus noctivagus) - HBW 1, p. 131
French: Tinamou noctivague
Spanish: Tinamú Patigualdo
Other common names: Wied's Tinamou
Taxonomy: Tinamus noctivagus Wied, 1820, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Very similar to previous species, but separated by voice and colour of legs and eggs. Very close to several other species of Crypturellus, and may include C. duidae and C. atrocapillus. Two subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution:
- zabele (Spix, 1825) - NE Brazil.
- noctivagus (Wied, 1820) - SE Brazil.
- Near Threatened Enlarge map
- No photographs available yet
An individual calling in the Atlantic forest. We recorded by boat in Guaraú River. Locality Guaraú, Peruíbe, São Paulo State, Brazil
Antonio Silveira 26 November 2009 50 weeks ago 3.5
Two birds, song and call. Locality Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil
Ciro Albano 1 April 2008 4 years ago 3

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
damber (plural dambers)
- (obsolete, Britain, thieves' cant) A rascal; a dishonest person; a man belonging to a criminal gang.
- 1994, Scott, Amanda, Dangerous Illusions, →ISBN:
- Happen we seen there was a damber in the ruffmans, and since we'd no yen t' deck the chates, we'd ha' binged a wast but for the rhino we was promised.
- 2010, Berne, Eric, What Do You Say After You Say Hello?, →ISBN:
- The gallows laugh is the dying man's joke, or famous last words. As already noted, the crowds of spectators at Tyburn or Newgate hangings in the eighteenth century used to admire people who died laughing: 'I was the capper, see,' says Daniel Then. 'We had the cull all set up and then something went wrong. The others got away but I got nabbed, ha ha ha!' And 'Ha, ha ha,' roars the crowd in appreciation of the jest as the trap is sprung, 'the damber died game.'
- [Francis Grose] (1785), "Damber", in A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, 2nd edition, London: Printed for S. Hooper, […], OCLC _PHONE_.
- "damber" in Albert Barrère and Charles G[odfrey] Leland, compilers and editors, A Dictionary of Slang, Jargon & Cant, volume I (A–K), Edinburgh: The Ballantyne Press, 1889–1890, page 293.
- Farmer, John Stephen (1891) Slang and Its Analogues, volume 2, page 249
- Eric Partridge, The Routledge Dictionary of Historical Slang. Routledge, 1973. →ISBN.


text:
Categories: Palatine Migrants.
||John (Buhrman) Poorman was a Palatine Migrant.|
Join: Palatine Migration Project
[Profile Manager's Note: There are records under both the Buhrman and Poorman surnames. Source states that Buhrman was the original German spelling of the surname, but that English speaking clerks at the port of entry wrote it as Poorman, leading to widespread use of that spelling in America. Most family members eventually went back to the original spelling. Poorman is the surname inscribed on John's tombstone, however.]
Interred at Mount Bethel Cemetery, Garfield, Frederick County, MD .
[Profile Manager's Note: Source has additional biographical information and states, among other things, that the family farm where John, Catharina, and daughter Anna were originally buried became part of Catoctin Mountain Park in the 1930s. The source credits the information to that researcher's great aunt, Betty Byers Cooper, who developed a notebook of genealogy data.]
Immigrated through the port of Philadelphia on 10 Nov 1767 on the ship Sally.
Introductory text in the applicable List of Arrivals :
"[List 269C] At the Court House, Novemr 10, 1767. "Present: John Gibson, Esquire. "The Foreigners whose names are underwritten, imported in the Ship Sally, Patrick Brown, Master, from Rotterdam, but last from Cowes, did this day take and subscribe the usual Qualifications. 62 whole Freights. 36 in the List. Consign'd to Mr Jno Ross, Mercht. pd 23 Novem. 1767.
"[Entry 30]: Johannes Burman."
[Profile Manager's Note: At the time John came to Philadelphia, arriving male immigrants over the age of 16 were required to take an oath of allegiance to King George the Second of Great Britain and the Province of Pennsylvania. Sources and confirm the immigration data and the information about the oath.]
Date of marriage is an estimate based on John's arrival in the U.S. in 1767 and the birth of John and Catharina's son Henry in 1769.
This profile is a collaborative work-in-progress. Can you contribute information or sources?
2. [G01] "Leckron, Brechbiel, Baker, Byers and many more!" (Data base jayeffel, Joel Leckron <_EMAIL_>). Profile for Poorman, John, born 1743 ± 2 (ID I86013), change date 20 May 2012. (Accessed 01 Aug 2014.)
3. [D01] U.S. 1810 Census (J. Poorman). Residence, Frederick County, MD. Head of household with 1 male (26-45), 1 male (45 and over), and 1 female (10-26). (Accessed 30 Jul 2014.)
4. [D01] U.S. 1800 Census (John Poorman). Residence, Emmitsburg District, Frederick County, MD. Head of household with 1 male (10-16), 1 male (16-26), 1 male (45 and over), 1 female (16-25), and 1 female (45 and over). (Accessed 30 Jul 2014.)
5. [D01] U.S. 1790 Census (John Poorman). Residence, Frederick County, MD. Head of household with 2 males (16 and up), 2 males (to 16), and 5 females. (Accessed 30 Jul 2014. No image available.
6. Egle, William Henry, M.D., Editor, "Names of Foreigners Who Took the Oath of Allegiance to the Province and State of Pennsylvania 1727 - 1775, With the Foreign Arrivals, 1786 - 1808," Vol. XVII, Pennsylvania Archives, Edwin K. Meyers, State Printer, 1892, p 484. (Online at <_URL_ accessed 22 Sep 2014.)
7. Strassburger, Ralph Beaver, LL.D., "Pennsylvania German Pioneers, A Publication of the Original Lists of Arrivals In the Port of Philadelphia from 1727 to 1808," edited by William John Hinke, Ph.D., D.D., Volume 1, 1727 - 1775, Pennsylvania German Society, Norristown, PA, 1934, List 269C, pp 719 - 720. (Online at <_URL_ Public Domain, Google-digitized, accessed 22 Sep 2014.)
Have you taken a DNA test for genealogy? If so, login to add it. If not, see our friends at Ancestry DNA.
John is 18 degrees from Robin Helstrom, 24 degrees from Katy Jurado and 19 degrees from Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on our single family tree. Login to find your connection.


What Does Falling Asleep in Your Contacts Mean for Your Eyes? | The Specialty Eye Care Centre
What Does Falling Asleep in Your Contacts Mean for Your Eyes?
Woman Putting Contact Lenses InWe've all been there before, you fall asleep on your couch watching TV or get home from a long day at work and wake up with your contacts still in. We know we shouldn't sleep in our contacts but mistakes are inevitable. But why is it so bad for us to wear our contacts overnight?
Falling asleep with your contacts in causes an oxygen deprivation in your eyes. During the day, it is possible for air to get into your eyes but when you're asleep your cornea relies on the hydration from your gelatinous fluid and tears to get its nourishment. Your eyes become deprived of oxygen because your contacts are a blockade between your corneas and your eyelids. Bacteria and other potentially dangerous things can build up in your eye and end up causing severe damage.
If you accidentally fall asleep with your contacts still in it is important to not take them out directly after waking up. Taking them out immediately could result in exposure to more bacteria. As soon as you wake up oxygen will begin to reach the surface of your eyes which will result in the swelling of the cornea to go down. It's recommended to use eye drops to re-wet your eyes and help with the process of removing your contact lenses. After you have followed these steps you can remove the contact and give your eyes time to rest.
Some symptoms that you may experience after sleeping in your contacts include but are not limited to:
 - Eye Pain
 - Redness
 - Sensitivity to light
As a precaution, it is recommended that you remove your contacts at least an hour before bed. This will give your eye additional recovery time before bed and will help you not to forget to remove them. To make this easier it is also recommended to have an updated pair of glasses you can use during this resting period.
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Tutorials
Want To Embed Google Google Chart Into your WordPress Posts or Widgets : Step by Step Guide
WordPress is one of the most widely used web development frameworks, and one of the primary reasons behind the WordPress's popularity is that it enables the users to easily customize the websites and make the sites look exactly the way they want without requiring to possess the coding or programming knowledge.
One can easily enhance the WordPress posts, pages or widgets with various elements to augment the appeal of the website or to deliver better user experience. Among the various elements that can be added to the website are the "Google Charts" that offer an incredible way to represent the data in a visually appealing and easy to understand manner.
What Are Google Charts?
Google Charts is an incredible way to add the information in a tabular format in your WordPress post, page or widget. There are many scenarios, where the best way of presenting the information is either a graph, a pie chart or a bar graph.
google charts in wordpress
The Google Charts functionality allows you to create the customized chart in an easier manner. Whether you need a simple linear chart or want to add the complex hierarchical tree maps, the Google's chart gallery can solve your problem. Here you can find an array of ready to use charts and graphs, which can be customized as per your requirements.
The Google charts are highly interactive, and let you present the information in a visually attractive manner. Google enables you to access the chart with a default appearance, and you can easily customize a chart to make it match the look and feel of your website.
The Google Charts can easily be embedded to a WordPress website's posts, pages, and even widgets. You can easily create a chart in the Google Developer tools and then embed it to the WordPress website elements.
How To Embed Google Chart Into your WordPress Posts, Pages or Widgets?
This guide presents the step by step instructions to embed the Google Chart into your WordPress website elements.
1. First of all, navigate to the Google Developers Charts link, draw your chart and open your Google Spreadsheet with the chart that you want to embed into the WordPress post.
wordpress how to embed google chart
2. Click the "Chart" menu present in the upper right corner of the chart frame, and click "Publish Chart".
wordpress how to embed google chart 2
3. Click "Publish"
how to embed google chart in wordpress 4. Now a screen with the HTML script will appear, click the "Embed" tab on this screen.
wordpress how to embed google chart
5. Copy this script and paste it into the widget, page or post on which you want the Google Chart to appear. Ensure that you open the page, post or widget in the Text view, and save the changes.
google embed how to code in wordpress
6. Now you would be able to see the chart on your website.
This way, you can easily add the Google charts to your WordPress website and present the information in a way that your visitors find it engaging and easy to understand.

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five × 4 =


text:
Introduction: Portable Hammer
Portable hammer for light nailing when you need to nail out in the field but don't want to bring a regular hammer for weight reasons.
1. Piece of 1x2 Pine
2. 2 screws, 1.25 inches (I used Spax #1 Square)
3. Metal mending plate.
4. Screwdriver (in my case #1 Square)
Step 1: Secure Metal Plate
1. Align the plate to the narrow side of the 1x2.
2. Begin driving in the 2 screws, making sure that they go in straight.
3. Once you are sure they are driving straight, screw them all the way down to the surface of the metal plate.
4. To use, hit the head of the nails with the metal plate.
5. Please note that this is for portable, light duty use only.


text: 【Objective】The effect of different base-topdressing ratios of phosphate fertilizer on nutrient absorption and yield of drip irrigation corn was studied through field plot experiments, which provided a experimental basis for efficient phosphorus application technology of drip irrigation maize. 【Method】The experiment has a total of 5 treatments. P0(no phosphate fertilizer), Pb100(base: topdressing at 1:0), Pb50(base: topdressing at 1:1), Pb25(base: topdressing at 1:3), Pb0(base: topdressing at 0:1). 【Result】Under the same phosphorus application, base-topdressing ratios of phosphate fertilizer have different effects on P uptake amount, yield and phosphate recovery rate of drip-irrigated maize. P applied with 25% base fertilizer and 75% topdressing performance best P recovery rate and corn grain yield. The P absorption in the middle and late growth stages of maize was higher than the other four treatments. Yield increased by 18.05%, and phosphate recovery rate was 23.90%. The research found that the N and P uptake peak were at middle and late stages of maize growth (spinning to filling stage). And the absorption of phosphorus and nitrogen by maize showed significant positive correlation during silking and filling stages. It showed that increasing the proportion of P applied in the later stage is conducive to driving N absorption by mazie. 【Conclusion】Under the condition of drip irrigation, 25% phosphate base and 75% topdressing is the best P application strategies, it guarantee the P supply of the maize during the various growth periods, promote the growth of maize and the formation of yield.


text:
English for Police
As a police officer you have one of the most important jobs in the world: to serve and protect the people. While you are fighting crime and handling emergencies you probably come across many English speakers. Some may commit crimes, while others may be victims of crime. In both cases, you need to ask and answer questions in English. Your job may also require you to speak to English witnesses. Time can be a key factor in solving a crime or saving a life. You cannot always wait for an interpreter. These pages will help you learn vocabulary and phrases that will be useful when you encounter English speakers. Do the exercises and take the quizzes to test your knowledge and understanding.
In English the word police is an uncountable noun. We therefore treat it as plural and say, for example: The Police are coming. The words policeman or policewoman are countable, so can be singular or plural, for example: The policeman is asking questions. Three policewomen are coming.


Willy Spühler
Spühler, Willy (vĭlˈē shpüˈlər) [key], 1902–, Swiss political leader and economist. He held several government economic posts and served (1938–59) in the federal assembly. In 1959 he became a member of the federal council, the Swiss executive branch, and served as minister of transport, communications, and power (1959–65) and as minister of foreign affairs (1966–70). He served two one-year terms (1963, 1968) as president of Switzerland.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Swiss History: Biographies


text:
When you enter a URL in the Chrome Omnibar, that URL will be saved in the browser history and will show up when you type a similar query next time. This means that, if you have entered a wrong URL, that URL will be persistent and will always show up when you type a similar query. This can be rather annoying, and deleting the browser history doesn't clear it from the omnibar.
Here is a quick way to delete a URL from the Chrome omnibar.
Type the query in the omnibar and wait for the suggestion to show up. Use the down arrow key to select the wrong URL and press "Shift + Del" (In Mac, use "Fn + Shift + Del"). This will immediately remove the item from the omnibar.
1. This trick only applies to URL. You won't be able to remove search term with the "Shift + Del" key.
2. This trick applies to Firefox as well, except that you just need to press "Delete" instead of "Shift + Delete".


text:
A new model was developed to describe water leakoff from formed Cr(III)-acetate-HPAM gels during extrusion through fractures. This model is fundamentally different than the conventional filter cake model that was used during hydraulic fracturing. Even so, the model accurately predicted leakoff during extrusion of a guar-borate gel. Thus, the new model may be of interest in hydraulic fracturing. Contrary to the conventional model, the new model correctly predicted the occurrence of wormholes and stable pressure gradients during gel extrusion through fractures.
This work was motivated by an attempt to understand propagation of formed gels as they extrude through fractures during water shutoff treatments. Formed gels lose water during extrusion through fractures. This water leaks off through the fracture faces and controls the rate of gel propagation. Leakoff also controls the rate of fracture growth during hydraulic fracturing and during produced water re-injection.


RubyGuides
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Ruby Internals: Exploring the Memory Layout of Ruby Objects
Would you like a quick tour of Ruby internals?
Then you're in for a treat.
Because
We're going to explore together how a Ruby object is laid out in memory & how you can manipulate internal data structures to do some cool stuff.
Fasten your seatbelts & get ready for a journey into the depths of the Ruby interpreter!
Memory Layout of Arrays
When you create an array, Ruby has to back that up with some system memory & a little bit of metadata (like the array size).
Since the main Ruby interpreter (MRI) is written in C there are no objects.
But there is something else: structs.
A struct in C helps you store related data together, and this is used a lot in MRI's source code to represent things like Array, String's & other kinds of objects.
By looking at one of those structs we can infer the memory layout of an object.
So let's look at the struct for Array, called RArray:
struct RArray {
 struct RBasic basic;
 union {
 struct {
 long len;
 union {
 long capa;
 VALUE shared;
 } aux;
 const VALUE *ptr;
 } heap;
 const VALUE ary[RARRAY_EMBED_LEN_MAX];
 } as;
};
I know this can look a bit intimidating if you are not familiar with C, but don't worry! I will help you break this down into easy to digest bits 🙂
The first thing we have is this RBasic thing, which is also a struct:
struct RBasic {
 VALUE flags;
 VALUE klass;
}
This is something that most Ruby objects have & it contains a few things like the class for this object & some binary flags that say if this object is frozen or not (and other things like the 'tainted' attribute).
In other words:
RBasic contains the generic metadata for the object.
After that we have another struct, which contains the length of the array (len).
The union expression is saying that aux can be either capa (for capacity) or shared. This is mostly an optimization thing, which is explained in more detail in this excellent post by Pat Shaughnessy. In terms of memory allocation, the compiler will use the biggest type inside an union.
Then we have ptr, which contains the memory address where the actual Array data is stored.
Here's a picture of what this looks like (every white/grey box is 4 bytes in a 32-bit system):
array memory layout
You can see the memory size of an object using the ObjectSpace module:
require 'objspace'
ObjectSpace.memsize_of([])
# 20
Now we are ready to have some fun!
Fiddle: A Fun Experiment
RBasic is exactly 8 bytes in a 32-bit system & 16 bytes in a 64-bit system. Knowing this we can use the Fiddle module to access the raw memory bytes for an object & change them for some fun experiments.
For example:
We can change the frozen status by toggling a single bit.
This is in essence what the freeze method does, but notice how there is no unfreeze method.
Let's implement it just for fun!
First, lets require the Fiddle module (part of the Ruby Standard Library) & create a frozen string.
require 'fiddle'
str = 'water'.freeze
str.frozen?
# true
Next:
We need the memory address for our string, which can be obtained like this.
memory_address = str.object_id * 2
Finally:
We flip the exact bit that Ruby checks to see if an object is frozen. We also check to see if this worked by calling the frozen? method.
Fiddle::Pointer.new(memory_address)[1] ^= 8
str.frozen?
# false
Notice that the index [1] refers to the 2nd byte of the flags value (which is composed of 4 bytes in total).
Then we use ^= which is the "XOR" (Exclusive OR) operator to flip that bit.
We do this because different bits inside flags have different meanings & we don't want to change something unrelated.
If you have read my ruby tricks post you may have seen this before, but now you know how it works 🙂
Another thing you can try is to change the length of the array & print the array.
You will see how the array becomes shorter!
You can even change the class to make an Array think it's a String
Conclusion
You have learned a bit about how Ruby works under the hood. How memory for Ruby objects is laid out & how you can use the Fiddle module to play around with that.
You should probably not use Fiddle like this in a real app, but it's fun to experiment with.
Don't forget to share this post so more people can see it 🙂


WHY IS THE BLUE RIVER BLUE?
WHY IS THE BLUE RIVER, BLUE? In a study conducted by the University of Costa Rica and the National University, they determined the reason for the color of the blue river (Rio Celeste). In this research, it is ruled out that the color of Rio Celeste is due to an optical phenomenon, rather than a chemical phenomenon. What happens in the blue river is produced by a series of minerals


text:
How to Replace a Chain in a Pull-Chain Light Fixture
A pull-chain lighting fixture incorporates a length of chain and sometimes a cord into the switch in the fixture. This allows you to turn the light on when the fixture itself is out of reach and is particularly useful in attics, basements and storage areas. The base, typically made of plastic or porcelain, is relatively simple to install. If the chain in a pull-chain fixture comes loose or the switch fails, replacing the chain switch will solve the problem. Chain switches are relatively inexpensive and available at any home improvement or hardware store.
Shut off the power to the light fixture at the circuit breaker or remove the fuse from the fuse box for that circuit. Remove the light bulb from the fixture.
Unscrew the screws or bolts that hold the fixture in place. Pull the fixture down, carefully, and allow it to hang by the wires attached to it.
Set the volt meter to read AC current. Touch the leads of the volt meter to the wires attached to the switch in the fixture and check the meter to verify the power is off.
Loosen the switch terminal screws that hold the electrical wires to the switch. Remove the wires from the switch terminal screws.
Locate the brass cap on the side of the pull chain where the chain exits the switch. Loosen and remove the brass cap to release the pull-chain switch from the fixture. Remove the damaged switch.
Unscrew the terminal screws on the new switch. Attach the electrical wires to the terminal screws and tighten the screws to hold the wires in place on the new switch.
Return the fixture to is original location. Screw or bolt the fixture in place. Replace the light bulb. Turn on the circuit breaker or replace the fuse for the electrical circuit that serves the fixture. Pull the chain on the fixture to verify the switch operates properly.
- Some newer types of plastic pull-chain electrical fixtures incorporate the switch directly into the fixture, making it impossible to replace the switch. With this type of fixture, you'll need to replace the entire fixture.
In Jacksonville, Fla., Frank Whittemore is a content strategist with over a decade of experience as a hospital corpsman in the U.S. Navy and a licensed paramedic. He has over 15 years experience writing for several Fortune 500 companies. Whittemore writes on topics in medicine, nature, science, technology, the arts, cuisine, travel and sports.


Robert Elliot Robert Elliot - 9 months ago 50
Javascript Question
Control the order of ember promise resolution?
I've been following the tutorial, using ember 2.9.1, node 6.9.1, chrome 53.0.2785.143 and OS/X 10.11.6.
When I create the component described here:
_URL_
I end up with a race condition. If I enter the character p into the input and very rapidly hit backspace, I end up with the models filtered by the character p but no input in the text field.
Some console logging suggests this is happening because the second promise (which returns all the models, since the input is empty) is resolving first, and the first promise (returning the filtered models) resolves second.
Is there anything that can be done about this?
Answer
For concurrency purposes, there is an addon called: ember-concurrency. You can use it for all your async operations.
Also ember-power-select uses this addon. It is a powerful, auto-complete select component. I can suggest you to use it.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am studying GR right now, and one interesting thing I learned about vectors is that they are defined to have the same properties as derivatives.
With this in mind, can I make a differential geometric interpretation of ordinary perturbation theory used in quantum field theory in the following way:?
 1. The set of all field configurations makes a (very complicated) manifold.
 2. We do perturbation theory about a background field configuration corresponding to a point on this manifold.
 3. The perturbations are like expanding functions out to first order -- can be viewed like tangent vectors
Am I on some track to enlightenment, or is this a dead-end train of thought?
share|improve this question
add comment
1 Answer
up vote 2 down vote accepted
At the non-rigorous/intuitive level, OP's observations are spot on. To facilitate such thinking, physicists often use DeWitt's condensed notation, where a field $\phi^{\alpha}(x)$ is written as $\phi^{i}$, while pretending that $i=(\alpha,x)$ is an index of a local coordinate $\phi^{i}$ for some differential manifold.
The problem is that the space of all field configurations is typically an infinite-dimensional space, while ordinary differential geometry is usually only discussed in the context of finite-dimensional manifolds.
Thus strictly speaking, one would have to master/study/develop an infinite-dimensional mathematical version of differential geometry to make OP's picture precise/rigorous.
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text:
Your gelding scrapes the front of his hind cannon. Should it be bandaged? Use these criteria to help you decide how to handle any leg wound:
- Depth. Wounds that penetrate all the way through the skin—enabling you to see the underlying tissues—provide deep access for infection-causing bacteria and are best covered until granulation tissue fills the gap.
- Mobility. Wounds that are pulled open with each step can be stabilized with a bandage for faster healing. A wound on a knee, for instance, often benefits from a bandage.
- Proximity to the ground. A wound on the pastern or coronary band is likely to become contaminated with dirt, or worse, manure, making it a candidate for bandaging. A gelding's hind cannon wound is a special case because urine splash can irritate exposed and healing tissue. A horse who often accumulates "splash crud" on his cannons will benefit from having wounds in that area bandaged.
Wounds that do not require bandaging can be protected from dirt, insects and bacteria with a thick, greasy ointment such as Desitin or ichthamol. It will need to be applied at least twice daily, but that still may be more convenient than bandaging.


text:
The Heritage of Sophia Street
When we think of Fredericksburg history as it relates to Sophia Street, we immediately bring to mind a few specific remaining structures and sites as we see them today: The Toll House at the foot of Rocky Lane; the present Half Way house at Wolfe and Sophia Streets, once an early tavern. The Center for the Creative Arts, referred to as the Silversmith's House; and the Sandstone Warehouse at the bridge at Sophia and William Streets.
If any other structure of eighteenth century vintage stood on Sophia Street, it no longer stands today. For that matter, did any eighteenth century structure ever face Sophia Street?
The Toll House in its relationship to the ferry served a special purpose and may have faced the river, but it was remote from primary areas of warehouse activity.
The present Half Way House, which could be Fredericksburg's earliest standing structure, obviously faced up river and for good reason. A visit to its basement level reveals huge sandstone fireplaces at either end of the building. The riverside fireplace is filled in while the Sophia Street or west end has been converted to an entrance necessitating the removal of the chimney. This magnificent eighteenth century tavern no doubt once resounded with the then nearby activity of the wharf and the warehouses that packed in merchants, sailors and warehousemen. Perhaps someday it may be restored to its original splendor and play an informative role in Sophia Street and waterfront history.
The Center for the Creative Arts, or Silversmith's House, obviously faced George Street for practical access to the commercial activity of the river and the more negotiable George Street. Assuming that the tunnel beneath George Street was there during the late eighteenth century, ships must have anchored at the river entrance to the tunnel in order to load and unload merchandise or slaves.
The gable end of the Center for Creative Arts now fronts on Sophia Street as does the Half Way House. With the nineteenth century development of Sophia Street, new structures naturally fronted on this growing area of activity and those of the eighteenth century converted their front entrances to the now more practical approach to the town--Sophia Street.
The Center, a very important historical attraction, has many fine historical features. Its sandstone basement floor and walls, its ghost story, its silversmith relationship -- all contributed to its historic value. As time went by, the sandstone warehouse at William and Sophia Streets no longer used its riverfront loading areas at the lower and earlier levels of the building. Instead, the William and Sophia Street entrances served the upper levels as these were constructed later.
It appears that Caroline Street was the more heavily urbanized area of eighteenth century Fredericksburg as commerce and development bypassed Sophia Street until it was sufficiently filled and broadened to serve as a negotiable street. The precipitous Sophia Street banks resulted from incessant fill which covered up much early riverfront history.
The transition of commerce from riverfront to Caroline Street and then, to a degree, back to Sophia Street, presents an intriguing picture of early Fredericksburg history. Other structures that may have paralleled those still standing are lost beneath fill and time. The sandstone structure beneath the Briar Patch Antiques* on Sophia Street, supporting the frame building above, is a unique example of early riverfront warehouse activity. Its recent exposure while remodeling was taking place revealed large riverfront entrances with huge sandstone lintels, characteristic of such riverfront warehouses. The building erected on it actually saved it from total oblivion and its brief appearance presented a fascinating glimpse into early waterfront history.
We must remember that even though Sophia Street was mapped in the early eighteenth century, structures at that time faced the river which was the practical and negotiable route of commerce.
This article originally appeared in the Fredericksburg Times magazine and was later reprinted in Fredericksburg Underground: Archaeological History, with Roy G. Butler, pp. 118-121.
*The Briar Patch Antiques was a few doors down from the Old Stone Warehouse. Today, it also houses an antique shop.


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generaljoomla
Connect to MariaDB from a different machine
NOTE: We are in the process of modifying the configuration for many Bitnami stacks. On account of these changes, the file paths and commands stated in this guide may change depending on whether your Bitnami stack uses MySQL or MariaDB. To identify which database server is used in your stack, run the command below:
 $ test -d /opt/bitnami/mariadb && echo "MariaDB" || echo "MySQL"
The output of the command indicates which database server (MySQL or MariaDB) is used by the installation, and will allow you to identify which guides to follow in our documentation for common database-related operations.
IMPORTANT: By default, the database port for the nodes in this solution cannot be accessed over a public IP address. As a result, you will only be able to connect to your database nodes from machines that are running in the same network. For security reasons, we do not recommend making the database port accessible over a public IP address. If you must make it accessible over a public IP address, we recommend restricting access to a trusted list of source IP addresses using firewall rules. For development purposes, you can also use a VPN or SSH tunnel. Refer to the FAQ for information on accessing restricted ports using an SSH tunnel or opening ports in the server firewall.
Once you have an active SSH tunnel or you have opened the port for remote access, you can connect to the database server using a command like the one below.
Remember to replace SOURCE-PORT with the source port number specified in the SSH tunnel configuration or 3306 if you opened the port for remote access.
$ mariadb -h 127.0.0.1 -P SOURCE-PORT -u root -p
You will be prompted to enter the root user password. This is the same as the application password.
Last modification December 21, 2022


text:
Salto - Historical records have illustrated the presence of an indigenous village of Guaianás or Guaianazes, Tupi-Guarani, near the waterfall, which they called Ytu Guaçu – big fall in their native language. At the end of the seventeenth century, the territory of Salto was a private property, Sítio Cachoeira, part of São Vicente. With the discovery of gold in Cuiabá, in the early eighteenth century, the region worked as a turning point for those inner regions of the colony. Politically, the arrival of the republic coincided with the separation of the city from Itu, with administrative autonomy. The name was simplified to Salto back in 1917.
Tourist attractions: Parque de Lavras (park), museum of the city of Salto and waterfall.


text:
This is a two-player race game. Each player gets 6 coins of same colour and keeps it in his home outside the game board as shown in Fig 3. This is the initial position of the coins and every time they are cut, they return to their respective homes.
Goal: To bear off all six coins, first.
Throw of six cowrie shells:
- One mouth up (Fig.2)- introduce one coin on starting square or move one square & play again
- Two mouths upmove two squares
- Three mouths upmove three squares
- Four mouths upmove four squares
- Five mouths upintroduce one coin on starting square or move five squares & play again
- Six mouths upmove six squares & play again
- No mouths up - move twelve squares & play again
How to play:
- The board is always kept in the centre during the game.
- Each player keeps his coins in his home as shown in Fig.1. The first square on the tail end near his home is his starting square ('a' is the starting square of player-1 and 'b' is that of player-2).
- Players alternately throw all six cowrie shells on the floor and move a coin as indicated by the throw of shells.
- The movement of the coins is different (shown by different arrows) for both players and is given as follows.
- Player 1: a-c-d-e-f-g-h-i-j-k-l-n-q-r and off. (Blue arrow in Fig.4)
- Player 2: b-c-d-k-j-i-h-g-f-e-m-n-o-p and off. (Red arrow in Fig.5)
- If a player's coin lands on a square occupied by opponent's coin, then the opponent's coin is cut and the player gets an extra turn to play.
- The cut coin returns to its home and has to be reintroduced on the starting square and go round all over again.
- The darker squares (rest squares) though, are safe places and no coins present here can be cut.
- Player-1 bears off his coin from 'r' while Player-2 bears off his coins from 'p.'
- The first player to bear off all his coins wins the game.
- Whenever a 'one,' a 'five,' a 'six' or a 'twelve' is got during a throw of cowrie shells, the player gets to play another turn.
- When a player cuts opponent's coin, he gets an extra turn to play.
- During an extra turn, either the same coin or some other coin can be played.
Points to remember:
- Both players' coins move in the same direction at two places - from 'c' to 'd' and then from above 'd' to 'n'.
- A player should cut his opponent in order to move his coins into the inner stem of squares (i.e.,'m' or 'l' to 'n'). Otherwise he has to move another coin or forfeit his turn until he cuts atleast one of the opponent coin.
- If a player has cut once, all the coins can move into the inner stem, not necessary for every coin to cut opponent.
- No limit for a player to cut opponents' coins.
- Each coin has to be first introduced (or reintroduced if it has been cut) on its starting square (on the throw of either a 'one' or a 'five') before it starts moving.
Some play this game using two stick dice instead of cowrie shells. Four sides of each stick dice contains 1, 2, 3 and 'null' dots. Both dice are rolled together on the gound and coins are moved according to the number of dots present on the top face of the dice when they come to rest.


text:
Anat Biletzki, Professor of Philosophy, Tel Aviv University. Albert Schweitzer Visiting Professor, Quinnipiac University, is giving this lecture tonight:
The Goldstone Report (Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict) was commissioned by the United Nations Human Rights Council "to investigate all violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law that might have been committed at any time in the context of the military operations that were conducted in Gaza…" After three months of investigation it was published as an official document in the context of international humanitarian law and international human rights law; it was received, however, as a political manifesto. The ensuing citations of its highlights, explications of its content, commendations of its daring, admonitions against its conclusions, denials of its empirical results and analysis, and accusations of its biases merit a critical assessment. Professor Biletzki's point is not to evaluate its factual and legal substance – though that may serve as necessary background – but rather to appraise the subsequent discussion as a political conversation.
Whin: TODAY: Monday, February 1 @ 8:00 pm
Whur: Russell House


text:
Are you concerned about poor management, lack of representation or corruption in your municipal government? Or simply interested in how to make your city's administration more democratic? UN-HABITAT has developed the Urban Governance Index (UGI) for this purpose. Its indicators will allow you to measure the quality of your city's urban governance on the basis of how accountable, effective, equitable and participatory it is. Ultimately good urban governance is one of the best indicators of the quality of life for a city's inhabitants.
The Urban Governance Index is now available as a downloadable programme and on CD-Rom. Once you access it, we highly recommend you use this tool as part of a participatory workshop. This is because using the UGI is as much about the process as the final score. Assessing your city in a participatory, transparent workshop is in itself an excellent way of practicing good urban governance: you can involve and focus on the needs of excluded groups -- like women and the poor -- as you help raise awareness of good urban governance around the world. And your assessment will help you identify your city's governance priorities and set targets for measuring their progress. We encourage you to submit your results for inclusion in our global urban database. Please send us your results at _EMAIL_.


text: Cities are economic drivers for our state and generate civic pride and identity that helps sustain them. The well-being of our cities is critically important to the prosperity of the state as a whole and of its citizens, but there has been insufficient attention paid to the current health of North Carolina's cities. To address this, the Center for Urban and Regional Studies, with funding from the Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation, embarked on this project to develop an index of urban well-being to evaluate how these cities are doing compared to the state as a whole and each other. We will also measure changes in individual cities over time. The idea was to gather information on a range of categories from public databases to create an index that provides an assessment of the well-being of North Carolina's cities. We are also interested in testing the feasibility of using and taking advantage of the new ways that the U.S. Census Bureau is providing data, primarily from the American Community Survey.


text:
Taiwanese multinational network company D-Link and American fabless semiconductor specialists Silicon Labs have released the world's first "Thread Group"-certified router, the DSH-G300-TBR Border Router.
Thread is an IP-based wireless networking protocol supported by the non-profit Thread Group, which is backed by Arm, Intel, Qualcomm, Siemens and more. It was set up to help accelerate adoption of the Internet of Things, specifically in the connected home.
D-Link's Thread Border Router can support multiple protocols such as ZigBee, Thread and Bluetooth, giving the user the option to automate their home devices by combining a wide range of sensors and home devices together.
(In a Thread mesh network, border routers connect the Thread network and an external network, linking nodes on the Thread network to other devices in external networks or to the cloud.)
The router uses the Linux operating system, embedded into the device on the main CPU alongside a Silicon Labs MGM12P ZigBee module that can either be pre-loaded on a ZigBee stack or on Thread. Alongside this, D-Link's Thread Border Router runs on Silicon Lab's multiprotocol Wireless Gecko System on a Chip (SoC).
What is Thread Again?
Thread is a mesh network that is designed to securely and reliably connect to hundreds of products in the home without blowing up battery life or causing interoperability issues.
A Thread network uses the latest 6LoWPAN technology; a combination of IPv6 and Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks. 6LoWPAN can allow small devices with limited processing ability to transmit information wirelessly.
Thread networks are encrypted and use the latest smartphone authentication scheme and Advanced Encryption Standard to close security holes that would have existed within other wireless protocols.
Low Power, Latest Bluetooth Tech
D-Link's Thread Border Router comes with the latest Bluetooth technology, including Bluetooth Low Energy, Bluetooth 5 and Bluetooth Mesh Technology.
The technology includes Bluetooth 5 2Mbps for data transfer alongside Bluetooth Mesh, creating mesh networks within the wireless sensor market.
Thread: Why it's Needed
As Jorg Kennis and Jos Bruins from Germany's OSRAM company put it on the Thread Group blog: "Today's wide offering of IoT solutions often require that we set up and maintain a network for every protocol we want to use."
"It not only needs a lot of surveillance and maintenance to keep them up and running, but networks might also interfere with each other. Furthermore, since they are separate networks, devices do not "talk" to each other and there is no way to control them effectively from a single location, to monitor and analyze their data, or to provision them over various locations and users, in an end-to-end secure manner."
"This is where Thread comes in. Thread isn't yet another smart building protocol similar to those described above. Instead, it's like a Wi-Fi network, which is specifically designed for low-power, mesh IoT devices. Like Wi-Fi, it works with the Internet Protocol. And like Wi-Fi, it can run every modern IoT application that runs over IP."


What is another word for Family Clupeidae?
Pronunciation: [fˈamɪli klˈuːpe͡ɪdˌiː] (IPA)
The Family Clupeidae, commonly known as the herring family, is a group of small, oily fish. The word "herring" is the most commonly used synonym for Clupeidae, but there are other synonyms as well. Sardines, shad, and anchovies are all members of the Clupeidae family. The term "forage fish" is also used to describe these small fish, as they are often an important food source for larger marine animals. Additionally, the term "baitfish" is used to refer to Clupeidae caught for use as fishing bait. Whatever you call them, these small, shiny fish play an important role in ocean ecosystems and human diets around the world.
Synonyms for Family clupeidae:
 - Other relevant words:
 family Clupeidae Other relevant words (noun):
What are the hypernyms for Family clupeidae?
A hypernym is a word with a broad meaning that encompasses more specific words called hyponyms.
 - Other hypernyms:
 Class Actinopterygii, Order Clupeiformes.
Word of the Day
Rapidfire mount
The term "rapidfire mount" generally refers to a type of weapon that can fire a large number of rounds in a short period of time. However, when looking for antonyms for this phrase...


text:
Melons are the vegetable garden's crown jewels – and Amy Goldman's lifelong love and calling. Her new book, The Melon, will entice and educate, whether you are a passionate gardener, a locavore, or simply delight in the inherent beauty and evanescence of the fruits of the vine.
Created over the course of nine years, The Melon is both an information-packed resource and a visual delight. This definitive compendium on melon and watermelon reflects recent research findings and Goldman's growth as a gardener since the publication in 2002 of her award-winning book, Melons for the Passionate Grower.
Amy Goldman is a gardener, author, artist, philanthropist, and well-known advocate for seed saving, plant breeding, and heirloom fruits and vegetables. Her mission is to celebrate and catalogue the magnificent diversity of standard, open-pollinated varieties, and to promote their conservation.


text:
Autotuning control structures for reliability-driven dynamic binding
This paper explores a formally grounded approach to solve the problem of dynamic binding in serviceoriented software architecture. Dynamic binding is a widely adopted mean to automatically bind exposed software interfaces to actual implementations. The execution of an operation on one or another implementation, though providing the same result, could turn out in different quality of service, e.g. due to failure occurrence. Dynamic binding is thus of primary importance to achieve what in the Software Engineering domain is called "selfadaptiveness", the capability to preserve a desired quality of service, if this is feasible. It is important to reach this goal also in the presence of environmental fluctuations – a route congestion increase – or even abrupt variations – a server breakdown. A quite general dynamic binding problem is here reformulated as a discrete-time feedback control one, and the use of autotuning techniques is discussed, extending previous research, in a view to guaranteeing the desired quality of service without the need for computationally-intensive optimisations.
- Technology and Engineering
51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control


text:
THE ROOM WHERE IT HAPPENED
On it's transfer to Broadway, the Broadway musical 'Hamilton' became a cultural phenomenon. Lin-Manuel Miranda's incredible creative interpretation of Alexander Hamilton's life captured the imagination of even the most theatre-resistant Americans, signaling the arrival of Broadway's next perennial favorite.
What was it like to be in 'The Room Where It Happens', as it happened? Was being involved with the show at the very peak of it's success just a normal day at the office, or an experience to last a lifetime?
From the outside, it may have looked like it was all fun, success, and parties. The reality for Julian was very different. (SPOILER ALERT: it involved a heart attack!)
Julian shares his most intimate stories from his time on the show, describing the lessons he learned from the significant health issues while working on the show and the incredible legacy that Alexander Hamilton gave America. He underlines his own experience as an immigrant, drawing parallels with Alexander's journey, and shares his thoughts on what we can all learn from the business of Broadway.
- Discover the secrets of the show, including a deep-dive into the creative process
- Sing/Rap music from the show
- Connect with personal stories and anecdotes
- Draw inspiration from the history of America, and the values of leadership


Coronavirus: Single parents at greater risk of job insecurity as half report poor mental health
·3-min read
A young boy being held by his mother with his head resting on her shoulder, looking down a suburban street.
Single parents are twice as likely to have poor mental health, compared with other family types, according to new research. Photo: Getty
Single parents in the UK are at greater risk of job insecurity as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, new research from Gingerbread and the Institute for Employment Studies (IES) has found.
As COVID-19 hit the UK in early 2020 single parents were less financially secure and on lower incomes than other family types, with mothers in coupled households earning almost twice as much per week as single mothers.
Nearly half (46%) of single parents worked in routine occupations compared to 26% of coupled parents. Routine occupations — also classed as semiand unskilled work — in retail, hotels and restaurants have been hit hard by the pandemic with lockdown closures causing many employers to cut hours and jobs.
Single parents are also twice as likely to have a zero hours contract as other family types which puts them at greater risk of job insecurity.
As many roles shifted to working from home during the first national lockdown, only 22% of single parents were able to move to remote working, compared to 35% of coupled parents, creating greater childcare challenges as schools and nurseries closed.
READ MORE: Parents hit hardest by lockdown energy costs in UK
Some 30% of single parents were furloughed under the government's Job Retention scheme (30%) compared to 21% of parents in a partnership, further reflecting single parents' caring responsibilities and highlighting that they are more likely to work in sectors affected by lockdown. It is more likely that these sectors will experience further job losses as businesses in England are hit by the second lockdown, due to last until 2 December.
Single parents were twice as likely to have poor mental health, compared with other family types, both immediately before and in the early stages of the pandemic. Overall 51% of single parents reported having depression, bad nerves or anxiety, compared with 27% of coupled parents.
Single parents reported experienced an 'impossible balancing act', as they struggled with making "constant trade-offs" between their work and caring responsibilities.
READ MORE: UK's cheapest supermarket revealed
Worries about job security, the ability to secure new work, uncertainty around work requirements and formal and informal childcare availability, have made planning for the future impossible for single parents with many respondents feeling that "the unique challenges facing them had not been sufficiently accounted for in policy and guidelines developed."
Single parent charity Gingerbread is calling on the government to do more to support single parents during the coronavirus pandemic. The charity is urging the government to change policy to help single parents to stay in work by allowing them to access the furlough scheme where they need to do so for their caring responsibilities such as when a child needs to isolate.
Gingerbread is also calling on the government to make the Test and Trace Isolation Grant available to parents on low incomes who cannot work when their children are sent home from childcare or school to self-isolate.
READ MORE: Coronavirus: UK'sleepwalking' into long-term debt crisis
Laura Dewar, policy and research at Gingerbread, said: "Single parents have been hit hard by the COVID-19 Crisis. Our research has shown that during the previous Lockdown single parents faced 'an impossible balancing act'. As the sole breadwinner and carer single parents having a job is vital for their family income and the financial security of their children.
"The government must to do more to support single parent families as we start the second lockdown. Single parents must be better supported to stay in work, find new work or re-train."
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