text:
Social Studies Elementary News
Recently Added Resources
Recently Added Resources:
3rd-5th teachers, many of you have expressed a wish that the Gallopade pacing guides, located on p. 9-10 in the teacher books, include our standard numbers in them. The new documents below have been created to help with this!
- 3rd Grade Gallopade Pacing with Standards (new)
- 4th Grade Gallopade Pacing with Standards (new)
- 5th Grade Gallopade Pacing with Standards (new)
Hannah Rexrode, from the East Tennessee History Center, has added to her ongoing Women's Suffrage files for you to check out!
Directions on how to access resources on grade level pages:
1. Visit the Knox County Schools website
2. Click Departments
3. Scroll down to Social Studies
4. On the left, find "For Elementary Teachers" and click your grade level (You must be signed in to access materials.)
Upcoming PD Opportunities
November 15- Workshop on the Cold War Era This workshop will be held from 9:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. at the East Tennessee History Center. It focuses on 5th grade standard 5.23. We will explore strategies and resources for teaching the social studies practices, with a special emphasis on context and analysis. The workshop will feature standards-based activities and materials ready for immediate classroom use. Register today by emailing Lisa Oakley, _EMAIL_ or by calling _PHONE_.
- November 18- Breaking Away from the Lecture: Inquiry-Based and Engaging Social Studies Lessons (Repeat Session) This repeat session will be led by Kristin Risdahl from 4:00-5:30 p.m. at Sarah Simpson. It is for teachers who teach 3rd, 4th, or 5th grade social studies. We will focus on the benefits of breaking away from the lecture-based classroom and providing engaging inquiry-based lessons for 3rd, 4th, & 5th graders. We will look at the inquiry process, the different pieces of the new Gallopade resources, and more...while discussing how to best utilize them to fit your students' needs! Sign up on My Learning Plan.
- December 3- Examining Tennessee's Story at the East Tennessee History Center from 9:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m. Join East Tennessee Historical Society Curator of Education Lisa Oakley for a day of learning about stories from Tennessee history which are featured in the new Tennessee social studies standards. We will explore these stories using a wide range of primary and secondary sources and share hands-on, literacy-rich strategies for using the sources in classroom instruction. Register today and learn more about our rich history! (lunch, travel stipend, and certificate of participation provided) *This is the same TN history overview session that was presented at the Social Studies summer training but if you missed it, this is a great opportunity! Register here.
*PDs offered during a regular school day require teachers to submit a professional leave request. Unfortunately, the Social Studies Department does not have money to pay for substitutes.
Colonial Williamsburg Teacher Institution Programs
It' s hard to believe, but many organizations are already accepting applications for teacher institutes occurring this coming summer. If you have never attended an institute at an historic site, you will walk away with a tremendous amount of new knowledge! Click on the links below for more information. Some topics include:
- Becoming Americans (1606–1781) (for educators in grades 3–6)
- African Americans in Eigteenth-Century Virginia (for educators in grades 3–8)
- Straight from the Sources: Women in Eighteenth-Century Virginia (for educators in grades 3–8)
- Apprenticeships, STEM, and Colonial Daily Life (for educators in grades 3–8)
Tennessee State MuseumDigital Learning Opportunities
Interview with a Historic Figure: In this program, a well-known Tennessean will be chosen by the teacher from the list below. When you connect with us, one of our educators will dress in period garb and take on the persona of the chosen figure. Your students will then act as reporters and interview this figure about their life and times. After the program, they will take what they have learned and write an article for their local newspaper. Students will be responsible for asking detailed questions of their subject in order to create an accurate narrative of their life and their impact on Tennessee history.
Mystery Artifacts: (Grades 3-8) When signing up for this program, teachers will be able to choose a subject and subsequent list of artifacts, all of which represent each exhibit in our museum. The teacher will be given background information on the objects ahead of our program date, but they will remain a complete mystery to the students. Once we are connected on screen, one of our educators will provide a quick introduction of why we are meeting and what the rules are of the "game." They will then have a limit of twenty questions to ask our educator, and about 30 minutes, to figure out what the artifacts are and what they were used for during that particular time period. Once the students have made their final guesses, an educator will finish the session by revealing the correct answers, and then go on to detail the history of each object, explain how it was used and describe why it is important.
Mystery Skype: This program explores the subject of United States geography and history! Once connected with one of our museum educators, the goal of this session is to let the students ask us geography based questions in order to correctly guess our location within the United States. Your students will need to prepare a list of spatial and directional questions before we connect, and it is vital that you do not give your kids any hints to our location before our session. Once they have correctly guessed where we are, your students will be given a brief history of Tennessee and, if time allows, we will open the floor for any other questions they might have!
Women's Suffrage CentennialTDOE Featured Content
This month the Tennessee Department of Education is highlighting the formation of women's associations and their leaders. In 1869, two national organizations (The American Woman Suffrage Association and The National Woman Suffrage Association) were formed to further the cause of women's suffrage. Although these associations were formed for different reasons, the leaders strived for the same thing: voting rights for women. The following resources are examples that teachers can use to begin exploring the Women's Suffrage Movement.
- PBS Learning Media: Elizabeth Cady Stanton
- DOCSTeach: Extending Suffrage to Women
- DOCSTeach: Evaluating the New Departure Strategy in the Fight for Women's Suffrage
- Brainpop Educators: Educator Resources for Susan B. Anthony
- National Women's HIstory Museum: Susan B. Anthony: She's Worth a Mint!, American Woman Suffrage Association, and National Woman Suffrage Association
- Library of Congress: National American Woman Suffrage Association
- PBS: The Story of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
National Geographic GeoBee
The National Geographic GeoBee is an annual competition for grades 4-8 designed to inspire and reward students' curiosity about the world. Registration for the 2019-2020 school year is now open!
Registered schools receive a suite of curated study resources to prepare students and 400+ GeoBee questions covering geography, civilizations, cultures, physical features, and more to hold a school GeoBee. Prizes to celebrate participants will also be included. For more information and to register, visit NatGeoBee.
Teacher & Student Spotlight
We want to celebrate the great learning that is taking place in your classrooms everyday! Throughout the school year, as you are teaching and your students are learning and exploring social studies, please share the great things that are happening in your schools. Send us photos of your students actively learning, invite us to special activities and celebrations, etc. We see the amazing things happening every day as we are visiting schools and classrooms, so let's share out the greatness!
Linda Shanton's 4th graders are busy analyzing an Articles of Confederation political cartoon.
Copper Ridge Elementary
Ben Franklin visits Dr. Atkins at Copper Ridge for some storytelling during an evening focused on reading and community!
Tina Corea's 3rd grade class names states on a gigantic map of the United States.
Copper Ridge Elementary
Social Studies Department
As a three-person social studies district team, we serve every elementary, middle, and high school. For the 2019-2020 school year, Katherine and Dean will be working primarily with secondary schools, and Kristin will be working primarily with elementary schools. However, please know you may call on any member of the social studies department for any social studies-related need or question you may have. Please let us know if we can be of assistance with anything!
Katherine Petko, Social Studies Supervisor _EMAIL_
Dean Burress, K-12 Social Studies Facilitator _EMAIL_
Kristin Risdahl, K-12 Social Studies Facilitator _EMAIL_
Vickie Beckers, Administrative Assistant _EMAIL_


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Broadband News from Around the World: Microsoft for Africa & National Broadband Network in Australia
Africa, Australia, Broadband's Impact, Europe, International, National Broadband Plan, Wireless
February 23rd, 2013
WASHINGTON, February 18, 2012 – A recent wrap-up of global broadband news included the following items: Microsoft 4Afrika Initiative Microsoft recently launched the Microsoft4Afrika Initiative, in a push to promote economic and broadband development in Africa. The initiative hopes to promote inexpensive smartphone usage on the African continent, and teach digital literacy to citizens. This […]
U.S. Takes Top Spot in Global Connectivity Study Commissioned by Nokia
Broadband Data, International
February 1st, 2010
WASHINGTON, February 1, 2010 – The United States took the top spot on the 2009 Connectivity Scorecard, a research project linking increased national technological connectivity with socio-economic transformation.
Professor Leonard Waverman of the London Business School and economic consulting firm LECG put together the scorecard focusing on 50 countries using metrics such as national usage, skills and infrastructure.
Waverman found that the United States leads more categories than any other nation – its person computer penetration of businesses is excellent and the nation takes top prize in secure server deployment. However, he found that consumer infrastructure does not score as highly for the United States as its other metrics and its "broadband and 3G penetration are average."

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Adapting pediatric psychology interventions: lessons learned in treating families from the middle East.
ABSTRACT Pediatric psychologists are increasingly called upon to treat children from non-Western countries, whose cultures may contrast with a Western medical setting. Research on cultural adaptations of evidence-based treatments (EBTs), particularly for individuals from the Middle East, is sparse. To address this need, we discuss clinical issues encountered when working with patients from the Middle East.
Synthesis of the literature regarding culturally adapted EBTs and common themes in Middle Eastern culture. Case vignettes illustrate possible EBT adaptations.
Integrating cultural values in treatment is an opportunity to join with patients and families to optimize care. Expectations for medical and psychological treatment vary, and collaborations with cultural liaisons are beneficial.
Critical next steps include systematic development, testing, and training in culturally adapting EBTs in pediatric medical settings. Increased dialogue between clinicians, researchers, and cultural liaisons is needed to share knowledge and experiences to enhance patient care.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Built-in parameter resolvers
You can use parameter resolvers to resolve values for stack parameters at deployment time. Takomo has a few built-in parameter resolvers, and you can also implement your own.
In a stack configuration, you choose which resolver to use by providing value to the resolver property. In addition to the resolver property, each resolver may have its own set of additional properties.
Here are the built-in parameter resolvers:
Stack output resolver
Stack output resolver reads the parameter value from a stack output of another stack configured within the same Takomo project. The source stack automatically becomes the target stack's dependency. Takomo reads the output value using the credentials associated with the source stack.
If you need to read outputs of stacks that are not configured in the same Takomo project, you can use the external stack output resolver.
Properties
Here are the properties of the stack output resolver:
Key
Required
Type
Description
resolver
yes
string
Resolver name, this must be stack-output.
stack
yes
string
Stack path of the source stack. Can be an absolute or a relative stack path.
output
yes
string
Name of the stack output whose value is read.
confidential
no
boolean
Conceal the resolved parameter value from logs, defaults to false
immutable
no
boolean
Mark the parameter as immutable, defaults to false
Example
Say, we have two stacks: vpc.yml and security-groups.yml. The former creates a VPC and exposes its id in the stack outputs with a name VpcId, and the latter uses the VPC id to create some security groups.
The directory structure looks like this:
.
├─ stacks
│ ├─ vpc.yml
│ └─ security-groups.yml
└─ templates
├─ vpc.yml
└─ security-groups.yml
In security-groups.yml stack configuration we use the stack-output resolver to read the value for the VpcId parameter like so:
stacks/security-groups.yml
parameters:
VpcId:
resolver: stack-output
stack: /vpc.yml
output: MyVpcId
External stack output resolver
The external stack output resolver reads the parameter value from a stack output of a stack. The source stack does not have to belong to the same Takomo project as the target stack.
Properties
Here are the properties of the external stack output resolver:
Key
Required
Type
Description
resolver
yes
string
Resolver name, this must be external-stack-output.
stack
yes
string
Name of the source stack.
output
yes
string
Name of the stack output whose value is read.
region
no
string
Region of the source stack. Region is optional. By default, the region of the target stack is used.
commandRole
no
string
IAM role used to access the stack output. Command role is optional. By default, credentials associated with the target stack are used.
confidential
no
boolean
Conceal the resolved parameter value from logs, defaults to false
immutable
no
boolean
Mark the parameter as immutable, defaults to false
Example
Say, we have two accounts: 123456789012 and 888888888888.
The account 123456789012 has one stack: src-bucket. It is located in the us-east-1 region and exposes the name of an application source bucket in a stack output named SrcBucketName. The 123456789012 account also has a read-only role that the 888888888888 account can assume.
The 888888888888 account has two stacks: assets-bucket and build-infra. The stacks are located in the us-east-1 and eu-west-1 regions, respectively. The assets-bucket stack exposes the name of an assets bucket in a stack output named AssetsBucket.
Only the build-infra stack is managed in our Takomo project. The two other stacks are configured elsewhere. The build-infra stack has two parameters: SrcBucket and AssetsBucket. To get the values for them, we use the external-stack-output resolver to read the two other stacks' outputs.
The directory structure looks like this:
.
├─ stacks
│ └─ build-infra.yml
└─ templates
└─ build-infra.yml
The configuration of build-infra stack looks like this:
stacks/build-infra.yml
regions: us-east-1
parameters:
SrcBucket:
resolver: external-stack-output
stack: src-bucket
output: SrcBucketName
commandRole: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/read-only
AssetsBucket:
resolver: external-stack-output
stack: assets-bucket
output: AssetsBucketName
region: eu-west-1
For the SrcBucket parameter, we need to specify the commandRole property because the source stack is located in a different account. We don't need to specify the region because both stacks are located in the same region.
For the AssetsBucket parameter, we must specify the region but not the commandRole because the stacks are located in the same account but different regions.
Command resolver
The command resolver executes a specified shell command and uses the command output as a parameter value.
Properties
Here are the properties of the command resolver:
Key
Required
Type
Description
resolver
yes
string
Resolver name, this must be cmd.
command
yes
string
Shell command to execute.
confidential
no
boolean
Conceal the resolved parameter value from logs, defaults to false
immutable
no
boolean
Mark the parameter as immutable, defaults to false
exposeStackCredentials
no
boolean
Make the current stack's AWS credentials available for the shell command. Defaults to false. Added in Takomo v3.11.0.
exposeStackRegion
no
boolean
Make the current stack's region available for the shell command. Defaults to false. Added in Takomo v3.11.0.
capture
no
string
Controls how to capture the output of the executed shell command. By default, all output is captured. To capture only the last line, set this to last-line. Added in Takomo v3.11.0.
Environment variables available in the shell command
The following environment variables are available in the shell command:
Name
Description
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
If exposeStackCredentials is true, this will hold the access key id of credentials of the current stack.
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
If exposeStackCredentials is true, this will hold the secret access key of credentials of the current stack.
AWS_SESSION_TOKEN
If exposeStackCredentials is true, this will hold the session token of credentials of the current stack.
AWS_SECURITY_TOKEN
If exposeStackCredentials is true, this will hold the session token of credentials of the current stack.
AWS_DEFAULT_REGION
IF exposeStackRegion is true, this will hold the region of the current stack.
Example
Use contents of the /home/password.txt file as parameter value:
parameters:
Password:
resolver: cmd
command: cat /home/password.txt
File contents resolver
The file contents resolver reads a file and uses the file contents as a parameter value.
Properties
Here are the properties of the file contents resolver:
Key
Required
Type
Description
resolver
yes
string
Resolver name, this must be file-contents.
file
yes
string
Path to file. Can be an absolute path or a path relative to the project directory.
confidential
no
boolean
Conceal the resolved parameter value from logs, defaults to false
immutable
no
boolean
Mark the parameter as immutable, defaults to false
Examples
Use contents of the /tmp/commit.txt file as parameter value:
parameters:
CommitHash:
resolver: file-contents
file: /tmp/commit.txt
Use a relative file path:
parameters:
Code:
resolver: file-contents
file: code.txt
Hook output resolver
The hook output resolver reads parameter values from hook outputs. Added in Takomo v3.5.0.
Properties
Here are the properties of the hook output resolver:
Key
Required
Type
Description
resolver
yes
string
Resolver name, this must be hook-output.
hook
yes
string
Name of the hook whose output should be read.
confidential
no
boolean
Conceal the resolved parameter value from logs, defaults to false
immutable
no
boolean
Mark the parameter as immutable, defaults to false
Examples
This stack configuration has a hook named my-hook, which runs before stack operations. It is a command hook and will store the output from the shell command to hook outputs from where the subsequent hooks and parameter resolvers can access it.
A hook output resolver reads the output of my-hook and sets it as the value of the Greeting parameter.
parameters:
Greeting:
resolver: hook-output
hook: my-hook
hooks:
- name: my-hook
type: cmd
stage: before
command: echo 'hello world'
SSM parameter resolver
The SSM parameter resolver reads parameter values from SSM parameter store. The parameter can be encrypted.
Properties
Here are the properties of the SSM parameter resolver:
Key
Required
Type
Description
resolver
yes
string
Resolver name, this must be ssm.
name
yes
string
Name of the SSM parameter.
region
no
string
Region where the SSM parameter resides. By default, Takomo uses the region of the stack where the parameter resolver is used.
commandRole


Supernatural African Plants
Countless plants in Africa have a supernatural deadly reputation.
Medicinal African plants used for thousands of years for healing purposes in Africa such as mandrake, opium, kaempfer, cork oak, satyrion, cumin.
In Africa, the supernatural and medicinal properties of plants were secrets learnt by the most intelligent and observant members of static, pastoral and nomadic tribes and clans; and the possessor of these secrets became the supernatural cornerstone of the clan since holding the knowledge acquired of herbs and their uses.
Herbalist growing supernatural African Plants
Herbalist growing supernatural African Plants
The medicinal properties of certain herbs and plants in skillful hands were well known to the ancient seers the symptoms and effects could be varied accordingly as the plants were dried, powdered, dissolved in water, eaten freshly gathered, or burnt as incense on the altars.
The subtle powers of opiates obtained from certain plants were among the secrets carefully preserved by the witchdoctor. African herbalists are people who practice alternative medicine using herbs for people to optimize their energy and to get to the best that they can be physically, emotionally, and spiritually.
Using herbs to help with symptoms of degenerative diseases, most African herbalism is the process by which herbs combined with earthy food is used in order to achieve healthy life radiance.
Among the plants and flowers to which the power of divination has been attributed, among the Egyptians by the use of Opium and Kaempfer the patient fell into a rapturous state. From the juice of the Hemp, the Egyptians have for ages prepared an intoxicating extract, called Hashîsh, which is made up into balls of the size of a Chestnut.
Having swallowed some of these, and thereby produced a species of intoxication, they experience ecstatic visions. The cork oak was held especially sacred to the ancient Egyptians as it was also thought useful in driving away evil spirits.
Satyrion is a favorite herb with North African herbalists, who held it to be one of the most powerful sexual desires. Cumin is thought to possess a mystical power of retention: hence, it has found its way into many a love-philter, as being able to ensure fidelity and constancy in love.
Growing herbs in South Africa
Growing herbs in South Africa
The Mandrake is one of the most celebrated of magical plants, but for an enumeration of its manifold mystic powers. The arid areas of Sudan are said to produce a certain fruit that the natives call Peci.
It was believed that when pulled from the ground the root emitted a shrill cry that drove people mad and killed them. The plant grows in arid areas where it has been used as a hallucinogen, painkiller, aphrodisiac and fertility drug for thousands of years.
However, the dose has to be right. In essence, if you were to consume it you would basically get hallucinations, dizziness and increased heart rate, and you could get disturbed vision as a consequence of it, and then disturbed cognition. If the dose is high, enough it could kill you.
The mandrake is just one of 2,500 species belonging to the Solanaceae family, which also contains tomatoes, potatoes, chillies, aubergines, peppers, tobacco, deadly nightshade and henbane - they are commonly called the Nightshades.
Together we build awareness that boost harmony, education, and success, below are more links to articles you will find thought provoking.
 1. Deadliest routes for refugees
 2. Cooking with shea butter oil
 3. Worst serial killers recorded in history are women
 4. Indigenous healers and plants used
 5. Night running illness or magic
 6. What is back to Africa
Chic African Culture and The African Gourmet=
Week's Best African Culture Posts
African Chicken Fingers with Honey-Mustard Harissa Dipping Sauce
African Pizza: Spicy Chicken Pizza with Pumpkin Fufu Crust
Fat Ways: High Calorie Egusi Soup Recipe
Chia Seed Rolled Dates


How to Create Parent-Child Relations in Vapor 3
865 Views
This tutorial will cover how to create parent-child relations in Vapor 3.
Parent-Child relations are useful for when one of your model "owns" multiple objects in another model. The classic example for this is a forum website: A User object has many posts, but each post belongs to only 1 user.
Models
This tutorial will have 2 models: a Post class and a User class. Each post will belong to a user, and each user will have many posts. Our Post and User class look like this:
extension User: Content, Migration { }
 extension Post: Content, Migration { }
 final class User: SQLiteModel {
 var id: Int?
 var username: String

 init(username: String) {
 self.username = username
 }
 }
 final class Post: SQLiteModel {
 var id: Int?
 var title: String
 var userID: User.ID

 init(title: String, userID: User.ID) {
 self.title = title
 self.userID = userID
 }
 }
This is a very is a very simple setup: the User class has a username property, and the Post class has a title and userID property. This userID property will be needed to attach a user to each post that is created in the database.
Fluent offers several convenience methods for both the parent and the child that can help us in retrieving them from the database, so that we don't have to manually query. In our case, they would be written:
// 1
 extension User {
 var posts: Children {
 return children(\.userID)
 }
 }
 // 2
 extension Post {
 var owner: Parent {
 return parent(\.userID)
 }
 }
At 1, the posts variable represents the children, and will list all objects in the Post class that have been created by a given User.
At 2, the owner variable represents the parent: it will give the parent User object for any given Post object
Accessing these properties in your controller
Below are several example routes that show us how we can access these values in our controller:
// This method lists all posts for any defined userId
 func listPostsForGivenUser(_ request: Request) throws -> Future<[Post]> {
 let userId:Int = 1
 return try User.find(userId, on: request).flatMap(to: [Post].self) { user in // 1
 guard let unwrappedUser = user else { throw Abort.init(HTTPStatus.notFound) } // 2
 return try unwrappedUser.posts.query(on: request).all() // 3
 }
 }

 // This method returns the User who created any valid Post
 func listUserForGivenPost(_ request: Request) throws -> Future {
 let postId: Int = 2
 return try Post.find(postId, on: request).flatMap(to: User.self, { post -> Future in // 4
 guard let unwrappedPost = post else { throw Abort.init(HTTPStatus.notFound) }
 return try unwrappedPost.owner.get(on: request) // 5
 })
 }
At 1, we take the userId given to us, and find the corresponding user in the database. We then call .flatMap, and we flatMap to [Post].self, because that is what we declared in the route signature.
At 2, we unwrap the optional User object
For 3, we use the variable we defined previously, 'posts', and query the database for those posts., and then return them
For 4 and 5, the formula is the same, except at 5, we use the owner helper we created above to retrieve the owner of the post, and then return that
Thanks for reading! Happy coding in Vapor 3!
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text:
NS-CAPE-BRETON-L ArchivesArchiver > NS-CAPE-BRETON > 2002-11 > _PHONE_
From: joseph macdonald <>
Subject: [NS-CB-L] CENTREVILLE SOLDIER'S MEDAL COMES HOME 80 YEARS LATER
Date: Sun, 10 Nov 2002 16:25:19 -0400
This article was in the Inverness Oran on Feb. 2nd, 2000.
CENTREVILLE SOLDIER'S MEDAL COME HOME 80 YEARS LATER
by Frank MacDonald
The United States government has delivered a Victory Medal to a
Centreville soldier's family 80 years after his death.
JIM MACLELLAN, who was working in the United States when the Americans
entered World War I, enlisted and was sent overseas with the 108th Motor
Cycle Corps. MacLellan, a brother to LAUCHIE MACLELLAN who lives in the
family home, served in France until the end of the war, and was
officially discharged on November 06, 1919. In early January, along with
other veterans, JIM MACLELLAN boarded a ship for the United States.
On its way across the Atlantic, the ship ran into a severe storm and not
being heard from for a matter of weeks, was considered lost.
"They thought it sank," Lauchie MacLellan said, "and the people aboard
only had light clothes on. There was no communications like there is
In February the ship made its way into New York Harbour. Several of the
men aboard were sick, including MacLellan. He was sent to a sanatorium
in Florida, and later shipped to a hospital in North Carolina.
Although the Spanish flu had raged through 1919 and 1920, Lauchie
believes that Jim's trouble was with his lungs, possibly tuberculosis.
Shortly after arriving in North Carolina, Jim MacLellan died. He was 31
The U.S. soldier's remains were sent home, accompanied by a SGT. HURLEY.
The family met the train at the Glendyer station, and burial was to take
place following a funeral Mass in St. John's church, Brook Village.
Lauchie MacLellan was a boy of twelve when his brother's remains came
home, but he remembers that a controversy arose around the flag draped
The parish priest at the time, Fr. MacKay, had been one of many
Canadians who had been opposed to Conscription when it was introduced by
the federal government during the war. When Sgt. Jim MacLellan's coffin
was taken to the church, Sgt. Hurley had draped it with a huge American
flag. The priest refused to admit the coffin into the church with the
flag covering it, and Sgt. Hurley refused to allow the flag to be
removed. The stalemate was referred to the Bishop who advised Fr. MacKay
not to tackle the American government and army over the issue. The flag
remained on the coffin during the funeral Mass.
At the graveyard, Jim MacLellan's father, JIM 'PEGGY' was told by Sgt.
Hurley that he could either have the flag folded and presented to him,
or have his son buried with it. Jim 'Peggy' opted to leave the flag on
Following his graduation from the Margaree Forks high school more than a
decade ago, GARY MACLELLAN of Belle Côte, a grandnephew of JIM MACLELLAN
went to the United States and joined the military. On one trip back
home, he visited his grandfather, Lauchie, and was given Jim MacLellan's
uniform which had accompanied him home. It was in exceptional condition
and Gary had it cleaned up and discovered that it fit him perfectly. On
his return to duty, he took the opportunity to wear the First World War
Gary also became serious about his granduncle's service during W.W.I,
and began doing some research. He discovered that his granduncle's
Victory Medal had never been awarded to him or sent following his death,
home to his father. he began trying to correct this oversight, but ran
into numerous impediments.
Finally Gary MacLellan, currently studying criminology at the University
of Arizona, contacted a Canadian organization for the Merchant Marines
and told them about the difficulty he was having setting Sgt.
MacLellan's medal sent home. In a short time the medal was released and
forwarded to RICHARD G. ROSENMAN, Consulate General of the United States
in Halifax, his brother's Victory Medal was dropped in the mail. It
arrived in Centreville last week.
While Lauchie is glad to have the medal, he is disappointed with the
"How proud my father would have been to get that medal," he says
recalling that the army did send Jim 'Peggy' MacLellan $5000
compensation for the loss of his son.
Sgt. Jim MacLellan's medal may have lain forgotten for 80 years in the
archives of the U.S. Army, but his memory remains in evidence on the
walls of the family home. The picture of a young man in an American army
uniform hangs there, as does a framed copy of his discharge papers
beside a scroll of appreciation from the Government of France, and a
photograph of a war memorial from St. Bernard's Parish in West newton,
Mass., with the name of five members of the parish who died as a result
of the war. Sgt. Jim MacLellan's name is among them.
|[NS-CB-L] CENTREVILLE SOLDIER'S MEDAL COMES HOME 80 YEARS LATER by joseph macdonald <>|


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I have the following triggers on my users table which copies the value to email field from name field.
CREATE TRIGGER copy_name_on_insert BEFORE INSERT ON users
 SET NEW.email = NEW.name;
CREATE TRIGGER copy_name_on_update BEFORE UPDATE ON users
 SET NEW.email = NEW.name;
This trigger is working fine in local env, but in production its going into an infinite loop. Does anyone have any idea about this behaviour?
Local and Production envs are running mysql 5.5.
share|improve this question
how is that possible? the only way is that you have infinite record which I don't think you have, or that the trigger is calling itself (recursive function) and the number of recursive call is in max_sp_recursion_depth that's not infinite. – jcho360 Jun 1 '12 at 18:56
1 Answer 1
up vote 0 down vote accepted
Got this answer from our DBA.
So, this was not a recursion bug (though the error message was really bad, and looked like one). Rather, it was a memory complexity problem.
Basically, each statement must run in a limited memory space (128K in this case). While most statements fit in far less than this space, it appears that this trigger has considerably greater memory requirements.
The reason that this worked in testing is that the tests attempted were not large enough. (And the testing server likely had more memory allocated to it)
As an example, this worked in testing:
UPDATE users SET name="_EMAIL_" WHERE id=1234;
But what really runs in production is:
update users set full_name='Jason H', attr1='abc1', attr2='abc', attr3='adad'.... where id=1917;
Basically, the java/hibernate system is UPDATEing every single field... for some reason. This is pretty silly, and hibernate probably should be doing less.
The considerably greater complexity of the real query pushed it over the memory limits in production.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
People with prediabetes have similar dysfunction in their small blood vessels as people with Type 2 diabetes, but exercise can help improve the health of these vessels, according to a small study presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.
Vascular reactivity is essentially how flexible a blood vessel is in expanding to allow blood to flow through. The healthier the blood vessel, the better its vascular reactivity. It is known that people with diabetes typically have poor vascular reactivity compared to people without diabetes, but there is not a lot of information regarding the blood vessel health of people with prediabetes.
To determine the vascular reactivity in those with prediabetes and to see if exercise could improve blood vessel health in this population, researchers from Baystate Medical Center in Massachussetts recruited 20 people with prediabetes. The participants had an average age of 52, a body-mass index of 30.3 (considered to be obese), a blood pressure level of 125/76 mm Hg, and a brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (a measure of vascular reactivity) of 5.6, which is comparable to that in people with diabetes.
For six weeks, half of the group participated in a formal exercise program, consisting of 150 minutes per week of moderate physical activity, while the other half did not exercise. After a four-week break, the groups reversed roles for another six weeks.
The researchers found that, over the study period, the exercise program did not significantly change weight, fat mass, or blood pressure level. It did, however, significantly improve vascular reactivity, in addition to various other markers of blood vessel health.
"If you would have asked me before the study what to expect, I wouldn't have predicted their vessel reactivity would be almost as poor as [in] those with diabetes. The good this is that exercise improves vessel function almost back to normal status [in people with prediabetes]," noted lead researcher Sabyasachi Sen, MD.
Sen added that the study was limited due to the small sample size and the fact that 90% of the participants were Caucasian. He plans to do a larger, follow-up study to determine whether continuing with the same exercise regimen will lead to weight loss and further improvements in blood vessel health.
For more information, read the article "Exercise Pumps Up Prediabetic Blood Vessels" or click here to download the study abstract presented at the AACE 21st Annual Scientific and Clinical Congress (after downloading the 2012 Abstract Book, search for "Sabyasachi Sen, MD" to find the relevant abstract). And for some tips and strategies on making exercise more fun, check out this article by certified diabetes educator and exercise physiologist Richard Weil.


Creating and using clustered tables
This document describes how to create and use clustered tables in BigQuery. For an overview of clustered table support in BigQuery, see Introduction to clustered tables.
Limitations
Clustered tables in BigQuery are subject to the following limitations:
 - Clustering is supported only for partitioned tables.
 - Only standard SQL is supported for querying clustered tables and for writing query results to clustered tables.
 - You can only specify clustering columns when a table is created.
 - After a clustered table is created, you cannot modify the clustering columns.
 - Clustering columns must be top-level, non-repeated columns of one of the following types:
 - DATE
 - BOOL
 - GEOGRAPHY
 - INT64
 - NUMERIC
 - STRING
 - TIMESTAMP For more information about data types, see Standard SQL data types.
 - You can specify up to four clustering columns.
Creating clustered tables
Currently, you can only cluster a partitioned table. This includes both ingestion-time partitioned tables and tables partitioned by a TIMESTAMP or DATE column.
You can create a clustered table in BigQuery:
Table naming
When you create a table in BigQuery, the table name must be unique per dataset. The table name can:
 - Contain up to 1,024 characters
 - Contain letters (upper or lower case), numbers, and underscores
Required permissions
At a minimum, to create a table, you must be granted the following permissions:
 - bigquery.tables.create permissions to create the table
 - bigquery.tables.updateData to write data to the table by using a load job, a query job, or a copy job
 - bigquery.jobs.create to run a query job, load job, or copy job that writes data to the table
Additional permissions such as bigquery.tables.getData may be required to access the data you're writing to the table.
The following predefined Cloud IAM roles include both bigquery.tables.create and bigquery.tables.updateData permissions:
 - bigquery.dataEditor
 - bigquery.dataOwner
 - bigquery.admin
The following predefined Cloud IAM roles include bigquery.jobs.create permissions:
 - bigquery.user
 - bigquery.jobUser
 - bigquery.admin
In addition, if a user has bigquery.datasets.create permissions, when that user creates a dataset, they are granted bigquery.dataOwner access to it. bigquery.dataOwner access gives the user the ability to create and update tables in the dataset.
For more information on Cloud IAM roles and permissions in BigQuery, see Predefined roles and permissions.
Creating an empty clustered table with a schema definition
You specify clustering columns when you create a table in BigQuery. After the table is created, you cannot modify the clustering columns. You can only specify clustering columns for a partitioned table.
Clustering columns must be top-level, non-repeated columns, and they must be one of the following simple data types: + DATE + BOOLEAN + GEOGRAPHY + INTEGER + NUMERIC + STRING + TIMESTAMP
You can specify up to four clustering columns. When you specify multiple columns, the order of the columns determines how the data is sorted. For example, if the table is clustered by columns a, b and c, the data is sorted in the same order—first by column a, then by column b, and then by column c. As a best practice, place the most frequently filtered or aggregated column first.
The order of your clustering columns also affects query performance and pricing. For more information about query best practices for clustered tables, see Querying clustered tables.
To create an empty clustered table with a schema definition:
Console
 1. In the Google Cloud Console, go to the BigQuery web UI.
 Go to the BigQuery web UI
 2. In the navigation panel, in the Resources section, expand your project and select a dataset.
 3. On the right side of the window, in the details panel, click Create table.
 Create table button.
 4. On the Create table page, under Source, for Create table from, select Empty table.
 Create table from option.
 5. Under Destination:
 - For Dataset name, choose the appropriate dataset, and in the Table name field, enter the name of the table you're creating.
 - Verify that Table type is set to Native table.
 6. Under Schema, enter the schema definition.
 - Enter schema information manually by:
 - Enabling Edit as text and entering the table schema as a JSON array.
 - Using Add field to manually input the schema.
 7. Under Partition and cluster settings, select Partition by field and choose the DATE or TIMESTAMP column. This option is not available if the schema does not contain a DATE or TIMESTAMP column.
 To create an ingestion-time partitioned table, select Partition by ingestion time.
 8. (Optional) For Partitioning filter, click the Require partition filter check box to require users to include a WHERE clause that specifies the partitions to query. Requiring a partition filter can reduce cost and improve performance. For more information, see Querying partitioned tables.
 9. (Optional) For Clustering order, enter between one and four comma-separated column names.
 10. (Optional) Click Advanced options and for Encryption, click Customer-managed key to use a Cloud Key Management Service key. If you leave the Google-managed key setting, BigQuery encrypts the data at rest.
 11. Click Create table.
Classic UI
 1. Go to the classic BigQuery web UI.
 Go to the classic BigQuery web UI
 2. In the navigation pane, click the down arrow icon Down arrow icon. next to your dataset name and click Create new table.
 3. On the Create Table page, in the Source Data section, click Create empty table.
 4. On the Create Table page, in the Destination Table section:
 - For Table name, choose the appropriate dataset, and in the table name field, enter the name of the table you're creating.
 - Verify that Table type is set to Native table.
 5. In the Schema section, manually enter the schema definition.
 - You can enter schema information manually by:
 - Clicking Edit as text and entering the table schema as a JSON array.
 - Using Add Field to input the schema.
 6. Under Options:
 - For Partitioning Type, click None and choose Day.
 - For Partitioning Field, choose one of the following:
 - Choose timestamp to create a table partitioned by a DATE or TIMESTAMP column.
 - Choose _PARTITIONTIME to create an ingestion-time partitioned table.
 - For Clustering Fields, enter between one and four field names.
 - For Destination Encryption, leave the Default option. This property is for customer-managed encryption keys. By default, BigQuery encrypts customer content stored at rest.
 Partitioned table details.
 7. Click Create Table.
After the table is created, you can update the clustered table's table expiration, description, and labels. You cannot add a partition expiration after a table is created using the BigQuery web UI.
CLI
Use the mk command with the following flags:
 - --table (or the -t shortcut).
 - --schema. You can supply the table's schema definition inline or use a JSON schema file.
 - Either --time_partitioning_type (for ingestion-time partitioned tables) or --time_partitioning_field (for partitioned tables). Currently, DAY is the only supported value for --time_partitioning_type.
 - --clustering_fields. You can specify up to four clustering columns.
Optional parameters include --expiration, --description, --time_partitioning_expiration, --destination_kms_key, and --label.
If you are creating a table in a project other than your default project, add the project ID to the dataset in the following format: project_id:dataset.
--destination_kms_key is not demonstrated here. For information about using --destination_kms_key, see customer-managed encryption keys.
Enter the following command to create an empty clustered table with a schema definition:
bq mk \
--table \
--expiration integer1 \
--schema schema \
--time_partitioning_type=DAY \
--time_partitioning_field partition_column \
--clustering_fields cluster_columns \
--time_partitioning_expiration integer2 \
--description "description" \
--label key:value,key:value \
project_id:dataset.table
Replace the following:
 - integer1: The default lifetime (in seconds) for the table. The minimum value is 3,600 seconds (one hour). The expiration time evaluates to the current UTC time plus the integer value. If you set the table's expiration time when you create a time-partitioned table, the dataset's default table expiration setting is ignored. Setting this value deletes the table and all partitions after the specified time.
 - schema: An inline schema definition in the format column:data_type,column:data_type or the path to the JSON sc


text:
Kejin Wang, Yogiraj Sargam, Kyle Riding, Mahmoud Faytarouni, Charles Jahren, Jay Shen
Computer programs, Concrete bridges, Cracking, Mass concrete, Temperature
The early-age thermal development in mass concrete has a significant impact on the performance and long-term serviceability of mass concrete structures, such as bridge foundations. Great efforts have been made on predicting and controlling the thermal development in mass concrete. ConcreteWorks has been increasingly used for this purpose. However, previous research in Iowa indicated that, although user-friendly, the public ConcreteWorks program has some features that do not fit Iowa concrete well. The present research aimed at modifying the ConcreteWorks software for Iowa's use, particularly for the prediction of thermal behavior of mass concrete elements with a smallest dimension of 6.5 feet or less. In this study, the input and output parameters of ConcreteWorks that need to be modified for Iowa's use were identified. The key properties (heat of hydration, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, etc.) of typical Iowa concrete mixes required by ConcreteWorks for thermal predictions were tested. The Iowa environmental data and Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) temperature differential limits were incorporated into the modified ConcreteWorks program. An initial soil temperature model was added. Thermal analyses were conducted on a real-time mass concrete project (the I-35 NB to US 30 WB [Ramp H] bridge) using both the unmodified and modified ConcreteWorks software as well as 4C-Temp&Stress software, and the predicted temperature developments were compared with those monitored from the field site. The results indicate that the modified ConcreteWorks software predicts the early-age temperature profile, maturity, and strength of Iowa mass concrete quite well. As many default data in the public ConcreteWorks software are replaced with Iowa concrete values, the modified software is even more user-friendly and reliable for Iowa's use. A hands-on workshop on learning how to use ConcreteWorks was welcomed by Iowa engineers. Recommendations are made in this report for effective use of the modified ConcreteWorks software in Iowa and for further research in this area.


text:
Acid column leaching的用法和样例：
- The paper presents laboratory shaking leaching and column leaching experiments with the ore from Shou Wang Fen Copper Mine.
- Having tested the low-grade big-lump uranium ore by column leaching technology, a series of technological parameters of solution leaching are obtained.
- Effects of PAM application rate and method on saturated hydraulic conductivity were studied in laboratory through a soil column leaching experiment.
- Effects of soil sodicity and gypsum application on dynamical behavior of heavy metal elements under effluent irrigation were studied by means of soil column leaching method in laboratory.


OBIEE - Which Usage Tracking time measure should be used to gauge the performance of SQL retrieval time ?
2 - Measures
2.1 - TOTAL_TIME_SEC
TOTAL_TIME_SEC is the same as Response time in the query log. It is the response time for the execution of a logical request in the gateway. There are several times from the query log that are included in response time (TOTAL_TIME_SEC) that are not tracked in the usage tracking logs.
TOTAL_TIME_SEC is the time that the OBI server spent working on a query. This includes the clock time spent waiting for queries to complete.
If multiple physical queries are running in parallel, the time reported is how long OBI is spent waiting for the database. This basically is the run time of the longest running query.
The total time of all physical queries spawned by a single logical query is reported in CUM_DB_TIME_SEC. This is not part of TOTAL_TIME_SEC. Time spent waiting for resources is not included in TOTAL_TIME_SEC.
TOTAL_TIME_SEC is the time clocked once the request reaches nqsserver. Any wait for connections would happen before the request reached nqsserver. These would be reflected in the difference between START_TS and END_TS as mentioned above.
2.2 - START_TS and END_TS
Note also that START_TS and END_TS have nothing at all to do with TOTAL_TIME_SEC.
START_TS is the time when a BI Server Client submits a query.
For Presentation Service, this could happen when you hit the Results tab in Answers or when you select a dashboard page.
END_TS is when the results are returned to the client.
The difference between START_TS and END_TS also includes any time spent waiting for resources, such as waiting for a free connection.
3 - CUM_DB_TIME_SEC
The CUM_DB_TIME_SEC column sometimes show a value greater than TOTAL_TIME_SEC.
CUM_DB_TIME_SEC is the cumulative time of all of the queries sent to the backend database. These queries run in parallel so the cumulative query time will be equal to or greater than the total time connected to the database. Say for example that a logical request spawns 4 physical SQL statements sent to the database and that the query times for 3 of the queries are 10 seconds and one is 15 seconds. Since the queries run in parallel, nqsserver will only be connected to the backend database for 15 seconds. CUM_DB_TIME_SEC will show 45 seconds.
4 - Waiting Time and parallelism
Not true !
TOTAL_TIME_SEC = END_TS - START_TS
TOTAL_TIME_SEC = COMPILE_TIME_SEC + CUM_DB_TIME_SEC
The reasons why the calculations provided above do not add up are because:
 - The processes are carried out in parallel and is very much dependent on the load on the BI Server and database performance.
 - If all connections are full then the query would join a queue and wait.
This dependent on the load and configuration of the execution so it won't add up.
 - Under normal circumstances the process will take place parallel and engenders server based operations that are light or intensive.
For instance, if TOTAL_TIME_SEC is 0 but the difference between START_TS and END_TS is 14 minutes, the 14 minutes could have been spent waiting.
If it is evident that a SQL is delayed, it is because it is waiting for:
Connection pooling is also handled by nqsserver, not sawserver.
5 - Documentation / Reference
Data Science
Data Analysis
Statistics
Data Science
Linear Algebra Mathematics
Trigonometry
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Keyset-driven Cursors (Database Engine)
The membership and order of rows in a keyset-driven cursor are fixed when the cursor is opened. Keyset-driven cursors are controlled by a set of unique identifiers, keys, known as the keyset. The keys are built from a set of columns that uniquely identify the rows in the result set. The keyset is the set of the key values from all the rows that qualified for the SELECT statement at the time the cursor was opened. The keyset for a keyset-driven cursor is built in tempdb when the cursor is opened.
Changes to data values in nonkeyset columns (made by the cursor owner or committed by other users) are visible as the user scrolls through the cursor. Inserts to the database made outside the cursor are not visible in the cursor unless the cursor is closed and reopened. Inserts made through the cursor using an API function such as the ODBC SQLSetPos function are visible at the end of the cursor. @@FETCH_STATUS returns a "row missing" status when an attempt is made to fetch a row deleted after the cursor was opened. An update to a key column operates like a delete of the old key value followed by an insert of the new key value. The new key value is not visible if the update was not made through the cursor; it is visible at the end of the cursor if the update was made through the cursor using either an API function such as SQLSetPos or the Transact-SQL WHERE CURRENT OF clause and the SELECT statement did not contain a JOIN condition in the FROM clause. The new key value is not visible if the insert contained a remote table in the FROM clause. Attempts to retrieve the old key value get the same missing row fetch status as a deleted row.
An index on computed columns cannot be used when declaring a keyset-driven cursor on a remote table. You can create another index to provide the unique keys for that remote table.
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text: In this study, low pressure water/O-2 plasma treatment was performed in order to obtain COOH functionalities on the surface of poly-E-caprolactone (PCL) membranes as well as non-woven polyester fabric (NWPF) discs. The plasma treatments were performed in a cylindrical, capacitively coupled RF-plasma-reactor and then following steps were performed: in situ (oxalyl chloride vapors) gas/solid reaction to convert OH functionalities into -COCl groups; and hydrolysis under open laboratory conditions using air moisture for final COOH functionalities. COOH and OH functionalities on modified surfaces were detected quantitatively by using fluorescent labeling technique and an UVX 300G sensor. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) was used to evaluate the relative surface atomic compositions and the carbon and oxygen linkages located in non-equivalent atomic positions of untreated and modified surfaces. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis showed that nanoscale features of the PCL surfaces are dramatically changed during the surface treatments. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated the changes in the relatively smooth appearance of the untreated NWPF discs after the plasma treatment. Periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts were used in cell culture studies. Cell culture results showed that plasma treated PCL membranes and NWPF discs were favorable for the PDL cell spreading, growth and viability due to the presence of functional groups and/or nanotopographies on their surfaces.


text:
Next Friday on April 5th we will go live from UCF CREOL, the College of Optics and Photonics. The day is planned by the CREOL Association of Optics Students (CAOS) and they will demonstrate the importance of optics and photonics. Students and teachers will have the opportunity to see labs and demonstrations featuring the application of optics & photonics in smartphones, virtual-reality display, self-driving cars, fiber internet and other futuristic technologies. All content is targeted for High School and College Classes. Check out the schedule below and descriptions of the three lab tours:
Lab 1: Liquid Crystal Displays
In the first part of this lab, you'll learn the basics in display – the brightness control and color generation. Then, we move forward to show how these basic principles are applied to cutting-edge display techonologies, such as virtual reality/augmented reality, more vivid color display as well as fast response time for high-speed videos.
Lab 2: Integrated Photonics
The Integrated Photonics Lab specializes in groundbreaking research on ultracompact integrated photonic device physics and circuit design, nanofabrication and characterization, as emerging solutions for a variety of engineering applications, such as data- and tele-communication, microwave engineering and nonlinear and quantum information systems in the visible to the mid-infrared wavelengths and on materials ranging from silicon and III-V compound semiconductors, to nonlinear dielectrics and glasses.
Lab 3: Holographic optical elements and applications
Our lab conducts studies of new materials for high-efficiency, robust holographic optical elements; high power laser beam combining, glass spectroscopy, refractometry and interferometry; photo-induced processes in glasses; technology of optical quality and high-purity glasses.
We hope you will join for part of or the whole session!


Kourtaliotiko Gorge
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Kourtaliotiko Gorge
The Kourtaliotiko Gorge (Greek: Κουρταλιώτικο Φαράγγι), also known as the Asomatos Gorge (Greek: Φαράγγι Ασώματου), is a gorge on the southern side of the western part of the island of Crete. It is situated where the Kourtaliotiko River flows southwards between the mountains of Kouroupa and Xiron.
Entrance Arch
The village of Koxare is at the northern end of the gorge. A road runs north to south through the gorge connecting Koxare to Asomatos; it then leads west, to the town of Plakias on the southern coast of Crete.
There is a small church (Agios Nikolaos) in the gorge and a 40-metre-high waterfall.
The cliffs on the side of the gorge provide a roosting site for the Lammergeier vulture.[1]
There is a specific point on the gorge, about 20 metres from the northern entrance, some "claps" can be heard, like hands coming together. These "claps" are the "kourtala", that give the name to the gorge. These are a consequence of the wind being funnelled through the high caves of the gorge and breaking the sound barrier. The point near the northern entrance is the main point where this sound can be heard.
 1. ^ GR183 Mount Kedros and Kourtaliotiko gorge Hellenic Ornithological Society, Important Bird Areas of Greece.
External links[edit]
Coordinates: 35°12′11″N 24°28′08″E / 35.203°N 24.469°E / 35.203; 24.469


text:
Classic World Cutting Fruit Puzzle
Teach your child about different types of fruit while putting this puzzle back together. They will love this chunky fruit set.
Your child will learn to name and identify the fruit, as they remove and match them back to the images on the board. Puzzles help build children's hand-eye coordination and fine motor skills, while also encouraging problem solving and discovery.
This puzzle even includes a knife allowing your child to safely practice the motions of cutting fruit themselves!
The fruit shapes included are apple, lemon, pear, orange, kiwifruit, strawberry, pineapple, peach and watermelon!
Size: 32 x 32 x 5 cm

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Sequential Intercept Mapping (SIM) Process
Alameda County launched a Sequential Intercept Mapping (SIM) planning process in 2017, gathering over 100 diverse stakeholders from local government, community based organizations, and medical/behavioral health providers to:
1) develop a comprehensive picture of how people with mental health (MH) or substance use disorder (SUD) conditions flow through the criminal justice system within Alameda County;
2) identify gaps, resources, and opportunities for individuals in this population; and
3) develop and prioritize strategies to improve systemand service-level responses for individuals in the target population. The SIM process identified unmet needs for the reentry population including mental health services, substance use disorder recovery services, and housing resources.
Justice Involved Mental Health Taskforce


text:
Playwork Course 6 Lessons only
PAY IN FULL AND GET THE DISCOUNTED NEW PRICE £169.99
OR PAY BY INSTALMENTS STARTING WITH JUST £19.99 DEPOSIT
We may also have an interest free payment plan on this course, please click on the fees tab for more information.
Our Playwork Course is divided into six units, each of which deals with one or more learning outcomes related to one or more aspects of Play and Playwork.
Once you have completed the entire course you will have achieved all the learning outcomes.
By the end of the Playwork course you will be able to:
- Understand Playwork Principles and the different types of play.
- Understand the value of different relationships in playwork and their impact on positive outcomes within play settings
- Understand how to provide an inclusive and challenging play environment
- Understand how to provide an organisational framework for play
- Understand how to develop playwork provision and create play opportunities in the community
- Understand the importance of reflective practice for practitioners


text:
What are the protections for the safety devices of the induction melting furnace?
The protection system is a guarantee for the safe operation of the induction melting furnace and does not enlarge the fault. Therefore, the protection system has extremely high protection sensitivity and reliability. This system has the following safety protections
Overcurrent, voltage protection device
Cut-off, cut-off protection device
Power failure, phase loss, and undervoltage protection
Cooling water pressure, water temperature, flow rate and other alarm device protection
Leaking furnace, reliable grounding protection


Share the knowledge
Using this simple and cheap method you can calculate the optimum hanging height for any grow light in any space without expensive tools or specialist equipment. We will show you how to use a free PAR meter App on your phone or a cheap lux meter to measure the PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation, the light that causes photosynthesis and growth) across the grow canopy. We show you how to map out the PAR intensity across your grow area at different heights, calculate the Average PAR for each height and the uniformity (how well the light is spread).
The first step is to hang the grow light at the height the manufacturer recommends or where you think it is probably the best setting taking care of the following:
 - Run the light for 30 minutes to warm it up.
 - Level the light fixture
 - Adjust to maximum power setting
Then you create a 'target surface' to take the measurements. You can use the bottom of the grow tent or a piece of board to simulate the plant canopy and setup as follows:
 - Use a dark surface which does not reflect much light so you do not get false readings from reflected light
 - Divide the area into squares – I suggest 15cm or 6″ squares (you can go smaller for more accuracy or larger but it will be less accurate)
Measure the light intensity across the grow area with a lux meter or PAR app
The next step is to use a lux meter or PAR meter to measure the intensity in each square and make a chart with the numbers in each square (Using a spreadsheet is ideal).
Find out how to calibrate a cheap Amazon Lux meter to a PAR meter here:
Or use the an iPhone and the IOS app, Photone for accurate PAR readings, link here:
This is your first PAR or LUX chart, congratulations!!
You can then calculate the average light intensity or PAR (if you use the lux meter calibration or Photone App) with the following calculation:
Grow light setup calculate par average
Grow light setup – calculate par average
Then take the readings again with the light lower and higher for comparison. This is trial and error but I would suggest lowering and raising in the same increments i.e. 10cm or 5″ each time. Take one lower than your first reading and two higher. You will then be able to compare the average and total light intensity reaching the plant canopy and also determine the most uniform or even spread (please note this example did not have reflective walls on the nearest side and the light intensity is lower, this was to enable filming of the process).
Grow light setup compare hanging heights to determine optimum setting
Grow light setup – compare hanging heights to determine optimum setting
You can clearly see the total amount of light increases as the fixture is lowered. The increase in lowering just 10cm or 5″ is nearly 10%!! This would equate to a yield increase of 10% also. However lowering too much will result in hot spots (readings over 1,000 µmols/m²/sec) and less even coverage, particularly in the corners.
By taking a reading of the power consumed by the light fixture you can also calculate the efficiency of the setup. First calculate the total PAR by multiplying the average PAR x the area in sq. meters. Then divide the total par by the power consumed to get the total efficacy of the lighting setup.
Grow light setup calc par total par and efficiency
Grow light setup – calculation of total par and system efficacy
Using this method you can now map out the light spread for any light in any space and optimise the setup by adjusting the grow light to the perfect height.
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text:
WIU providing local produce to Macomb Hy-Vee
MACOMB, Ill. (WGEM) - While the cold wintry weather prohibits most producers from growing local produce, that is not stopping Western Illinois University.
Throughout the last few months, WIU has been growing hydroponic lettuce and providing it to the local Hy-Vee for sale to consumers.
The hydroponic system, otherwise known as the nutrient film technique, uses several different channels where the lettuce is grown with water flow the size of a dime and varying amounts of nutrients applied.
You can find out more about hydroponic systems from the USDA here.
The director of WIU's ag program, Andy Baker, says the project has been quite successful, especially since many people enjoy having local produce throughout the year.
"I think a lot of local consumers would like to have the freshest that they can have anytime of the year. And so the hydroponic lettuce creates that fresh, not coming clear across from California to be able to get a good quality head of lettuce," Baker said.
He said he has received positive feedback from many people who have bought the lettuce, especially due to the long lasting power of the produce.
"The hydroponic lettuce that we're growing is a honeycrisp lettuce. The beauty of this lettuce is that it stays in your refrigerator for three or four weeks without any wilting, without any deterioration of the lettuce head itself," Baker said.
Baker was excited about the endeavor, since it allowed both extensive agricultural research on hydroponics while also providing produce to the community.
Workers at the Hy-Vee in Macomb also said they were excited and thankful to have locally grown produce on the store shelves
"I just love it, it's a win-win situation to offer homegrown stuff," said Hy-Vee produce manager Gary Jansen.
Baker said he is looking into growing strawberries within the next couple of weeks. He is also looking into offering the produce to local restaurants as well.
You can find out more about the partnership between WIU and Hy-Vee here.
Copyright 2022 WGEM. All rights reserved.


text:
Disorientation and spatial abilities performance
Proceedings, 6th International Space Syntax Symposium, Istanbul, 2007
Author: Christian Beros Space Syntax Ltd; The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, UCL.
This paper investigates the relation of Spatial Configuration with Orientation Performance of the individual in Urban Navigation. Spatial Orientation is defined as a function of the mind involving 'awareness of place' in the environment, and is a key aspect of Navigation in terms of maintaining a sense of where the subject is relative to its goal as it is moving. The aim of this paper is to shed light on Spatial Orientation performance and how it is linked to configurational and syntactical properties of space. This topic is intrinsic in the Space Syntax theory due its fundamental relation between spatiality and human activity.
The discussion is developed by the research findings and theories of Navigation, Wayfinding and Spatial Cognition, putting forward varied interpretations related with the research topic and the selected areas. The paper concludes that the Spatial Orientation in Soho and Covent Garden is determined by the Spatial Configuration of the area and that the navigation system used in Central London is mainly Path Integration rather than Piloting or Landmark Recognition System. Then, it is argued that Landmarks act as primary organizers of spatial features in cognitive maps, followed by an environmental knowing and understanding of the Spatial Configuration that is translated in Path Integration.
© 2017 Beros Abdul + All rights reserved


text:
, remember that the fermentation process may still be ongoing. Don't try to close the lid tightly because the microbes may still be releasing gasses that could build up pressure inside the container.
It is good to open the lid maybe twice a week. Always store it in a cool, dry place. I just keep it under the sink.
Since molasses is a natural preservative, you can keep this fertilizer for up to a year.
How to Apply the Fish Emulsion Fertilizer
The best way to apply the fish fertilizer to your plants is to drench or water your plants with it.
The proper ratio is 20 ml of fish emulsion fertilizer per 1 liter of water. This is roughly 2 tablespoons per liter of water. Mix thoroughly before drenching. Drench your plants twice a week. The fish emulsion fertilizer or fish amino acid is rich in nitrogen so it is best to use it in the vegetative stage of the plants, or the stage when it is focused on producing leaves.
Do not use this fertilizer to spray your plants. The fish emulsion contains oil. The oil may stick to the leaves which causes them to burn under the sun. The oil also covers the stomata which may hinder nutrient absorption and air circulation.
Fish emulsion is best used to fertilize plants from its seedling stage until just before it goes into its flowering or fruiting stage.


text:
GENISTA (Cytisus canariensis) is employed as an hallucinogen in the magic practices of Yaqui medicine men in northern Mexico. Native to the Canary Islands, the plant was introduced into Mexico. Rarely does any nonindigenous plant find its way into the religious and magic customs of a people. Known also by the scientific name Genista canariensis, this species is the "genista" of florists.
Plants of the genus Cytisus are rich in cytisine, an alkaloid of the lupine group. The alkaloid has never been pharmacologically demonstrated to have hallucinogenic activity, but it is known to be toxic and to cause nausea, convulsions, and death through failure of respiration.
About 80 species of Cytisus, belonging to the bean family, Leguminosae, are known in the Atlantic islands, Europe, and the Mediterranean area. Some species are highly ornamental; some are poisonous.


text:
- THIS IS IMSE™
- NEWS & PRESS
IMSE Electronics Design - How to Start?
If you are an electronics designer, becoming an IMSE electronics designer is not a giant step. You already have basic understanding about the tools and methods for traditional electronics. These can be utilized in IMSE electronics, as well. In the big picture, the design flow is similar in PCB design and IMSE electronics design, but the details make the difference. In this post, I will explain the key differences.
1. Understand Electrical Characteristics of IMSE Materials
When you design the electrical characteristics of your layout, you need to recognize that the materials are not similar with a PCB. This also means that the circuit's electrical characteristics are different. The same layout, one made with IMSE and the other with a traditional PCB, has different electrical characteristics. Traces have big differences in terms of conductivity and are one of the most important design parameters. In addition, the plastics used in IMSE creating the mechanical structure are electrical components as well, and these are worth considering in the design.
2. IMSE Stack-up
An IMSE stack-up contains
A substrate film,
Traces, which are printed on top of the substrate and
Injection molding resin.
Calculation methods used in PCBs, for example, relating impedance, are not applicable for IMSE. IMSE sets certain limitations on how to build stack-up, but also what kind of a grounding structure we can use. Designing the IMSE stack-up is different compared to the PCB world, since the IMSE stack-up is also a mechanical structure of a product and typically an optical light guide, as well. So it is not designed only by an electrical engineer, but a mechanical engineer and an optical engineer together.
3. Design for Manufacturing
Materials used in IMSE are not similar to those used in PCBs. This means that the manufacturing methods are different. In IMSE, traces are printed with silk screen printing, the assembled electrical circuit is 3D formed and finally the electronics are encapsulated inside the plastic by injection molding. All of these impact on how to consider design for manufacturing. Make sure that your design can be manufactured by understanding the IMSE manufacturing steps.
4. One Integrated, Solid Piece
An IMSE part is an integration of electronics, optics, mechanics, graphics, antennas, etc. All disciplines are integrated into a one solid piece, and all have critical parameters, which need to be designed properly. Design work is a close collaboration between all engineers, and compromises should be done. Things become easier if all understand well what the technology limitations are and where we need to be strict and what items can be flexible.
These four key points set the foundation for IMSE electronics design. For a PCB designer, this is not a side step. It is just learning something new and different.
About the writer
Tuomas Heikkilä, Principal Engineer, Electronics
Tuomas has over 13 years of experience in the electronics industry in consumer and automotive areas. He has designed PCBs, printed electronics and structural electronics. Before TactoTek, Tuomas worked on mobile phones and gained experience in sensor ICs development and component verification and validation. Tuomas holds an M.Sc in Electronics from University of Oulu. In his free time, Tuomas enjoys jogging and bicycling in summer and skiing in winter. As a counterbalance for physical exercises, Tuomas relaxes by reading books.


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Azersky satellite monitors water management areas in Azerbaijan
The Azersky satellite is monitoring water management areas in Azerbaijan, Azernews reports.
Within the framework of the cooperation agreement, signed between Azercosmos and the Azerbaijani Amelioration and Water Management OJSC, water management areas are being monitored with the images obtained from the Azersky satellite.
The Ministry of Digital Development and Transport released information that the 34km Valvalachay-Taxtakorpu water canal was monitored at the initial stage.
The ministry added that the condition of the hydro-technical facilities on the channel was evaluated through satellite images. Changes that may occur in the surrounding areas of the canal as a result of the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors have been analyzed, and appropriate schematic plans have been prepared.
Notably, water resources in Azerbaijan are continuously monitored through the Azersky satellite.
Based on the monitoring results of satellite images, important projects are being implemented in the direction of determining the volume of water reservoirs, the effect of climate changes on the water balance in lakes and rivers, improving water supply, and meeting the demand for irrigation water of agricultural fields.
Azercosmos also monitors reservoirs, mountain lakes, and rivers in the region with satellite images for the efficient use of water resources in the liberated territories.
Follow us on Twitter @AzerNewsAz


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friendzone - a social network is rising
friendzone discontinued! Please use use the successor InstaHub.
Source code and install instructions are in English. Documentation and excersices currently are available in German only.
friendzone is a social network for educational purpose only. Students can create their own social network as a database admin. They learn basics about working in a software project, creating and managing a database, querying (SQL SELECT) and editing (SQL INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE).
This project aims to help students develop a general technical understanding of social networks. As result, they will be able to discuss sinjects as big data and information privacy.
Live Demo:
Read more (only in German):
Standing on the shoulders of giants
Many thanks and respect to:
Prerequisits for Windows users
Mac Os, Ubuntu and Windows
 1. Create a local database named friendzone with encoding utf8_general_ci
 2. Create user friendzone and grant all rights on friendzone and for creating databases
 3. cd to your local target folder and clone remote project: git clone git://
 4. Rename.env.example file to.envinside your project root and fill in the database information. (windows won't let you do that, so you have to use Notepad++ or open your console, cd your project root directory and run mv.env.example.env )
 5. Edit.env
 - APP_ENV=production
 - APP_DEBUG=false - enable only temporaly for debugging!
 - DB_* - if you want another database than MySQL, you have to edit source code.
 - DB_USERNAME - user for database
 - DB_PASSWORD - passwort for database
 - MAIL_* - mail provider for resetting passworts (admin accounts may reset passworts without sending a mail)
 - PHPMYADMIN - url for opening phpMyAdmin - Example:
 6. Open the console and cd to your project root directory
 7. Run composer install or php composer.phar install
 8. Run php artisan key:generate
 9. Run php artisan migrate
 10. Run php artisan db:seed to run seeders, if necessary.
 11. Visit website and create first user.
 12. In the user table of your database, manually set the attribute is_admin to 1. Now your user is admin and may manage other accounts.
Thank you for considering contributing to the friendzone! Create a pull request or contact me.
Contact me if you need an other licence.
social network for educational purposes only
No releases published
No packages published


text:
As the Head of the Government Geography Profession, I want to take the opportunity to mark the fact that five years ago today we posted our first blog as the Government Geography Profession. When I look back over the last 5 years …
Shortlisted nominees for the 2020 Geography in Government awards have been announce. For "Impact on Policy" the nominees are the Geography Statistics Team (Department for Transport), the Knowledge & Information Management and Biodiversity & Ecosystems Resilience Group (Natural Resources Wales) and the Regional Economic Development Team (Scottish Government).
Local government requires approaches that take into account spatial distributions. However, you would be hard pushed to find someone in local government with "Geographer" in their job title. The Government Geography Profession is open to all public servants, not just civil servants, so the profession's leadership team wants to meet the needs of geographers in local government. This post outlines how to profession can help.
The COVID-19 situation we face today is a complex one. This shows how human and physical elements of Geography are vital to epidemiology. Geographic approaches are key to allowing us to locate, monitor, and plan for COVID-19. Here are some examples of what Government departments across have been doing.
Shortlisted nominees for the 2020 Geography in Government awards have been announce. For "Excellence in Local Government" the nominees are Croydon Growth Zone, the West Midlands Regional Transport Coordination Centre and Westminster City Council.


text:
STUDY OF AERODYNAMIC DRAG REDUCTION ON A FULL-SCALE TRACTOR-TRAILER
Aerodynamic drag tests were performed on a tractor-trailer combination using the coast-down method on a smooth, nearly level runway. The tests included an investigation of drag reduction obtained with add-on devices that are commercially available or under development. The tests covered tractor-trailer speeds ranging from approximately 35 to 65 miles per hour and included fuel consumption measurements. The study shows the effects of the various add-on devices on the aerodynamic drag, and for some devices on the fuel consumption. Results from a simulation of fuel consumption tests using a computer program are also included.
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationFlight Research Center
Edwards AFB, CA United States 93523
Transportation Systems Center55 Broadway, Kendall Square
Cambridge, MA United States 02142
- Steers, L L
- Montoya, L C
- Publication Date: 1976-4
- Pagination: 57 p.
- TRT Terms: Aerodynamics; Airport runways; Data collection; Drag; Dynamic tests; Fuel consumption; Motor vehicles; Simulation; Speed; Tractor trailer combinations; Trailers; Truck tractors; Velocity
- Old TRIS Terms: Aerodynamic configurations
- Subject Areas: Energy; Highways; Motor Carriers; Pavements; Safety and Human Factors;
- Accession Number: 00137310
- Record Type: Publication
- Source Agency: National Technical Information Service
- Report/Paper Numbers: DOT-TSC-OST-76-13 Final Rpt.
- Contract Numbers: DOT/TSC-RA-74-31
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: Sep 16 1977 12:00AM


text:
عنوان مقاله: Evaluation of thermal fire hazard of 10 polymeric building materials and proposing a classification method based on cone calorimeter results
نویسندگان: سعید بختیاری، لیلا تقی اکبری، مسعود جمالی آشتیانی
نوع مقاله: ISI
چکیده مقاله: The use of polymeric building materials has been grown in many countries of Middle East in recent years. However, there are only a few fire testing laboratories in this region. Therefore, development of a method for controlling the reaction to fire of materials with bench scale tests is necessary. Providing a framework for classification of thermal fire hazard of materials based on bench scale heat release rate results was attempted. The fire behavior of 10 polymeric building materials was tested with cone calorimeter. The relationship between reaction to fire variables and physical properties of tested samples was examined. The thermal fire hazards of materials were assessed using methods presented by different researchers and with Conetools software. The results revealed that time to ignition, peak rate of heat release, and total heat release are essential variables for determining the fire hazard of materials. A classification method is proposed, which can be used in building codes in countries where the full-scale test facilities are not available. The method also can be used for quality control purpose and evaluation of fire behavior of materials in bench scale by manufacturers. An example of potential requirements for interior finishes for some occupancy types is also presented.
محل ارائه: Fire and Materials, DOI: 10.1002/fam.2219, 2013.Fire and Materials. V39-1.pages:1-13
سال چاپ: 1394


Every Adjective in the Dictionary Applies to Lyndon Johnson
July 24, 2020
In this episode of Horns of a Dilemma, Doyle Hodges, executive editor of the Texas National Security Review, sits down with Mark Lawrence, director of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library, to discuss the inner workings of the presidential library system and the purposes they serve. Who runs them and who funds them? What mission do they serve? Does every President get one? Lawrence and Hodges also examine the complicated history and contradictory characteristics of President Johnson himself.


text:
Here is a concept car of the future which was design by Harsha Vardhan who definitely sees the future as it looks in the movies.
He is visualizing a car that is powered by an magnetic field generated by on-board electricity powered systems which means Zero emission. The concept is called the Transporter (TW) Twin Wheel, the electric engine will produce a magnetic field which will rotate the large wheels. The wheels are suspended over a superconducting fluid where the changing magnetic field produces the motion needed to propel the vehicle. See more photos after the break..


jQuery Image Gallery/News Slider with Caption Tutorial
Written by Kevin Liew on 29 Jul 2009
157,564 Views • Tutorials
Introduction
Until this day, jQuery is still blowing me away with its simplicity and robustness. As you can see, I have been concentrated to produce tutorials about it, and I just couldn't help it! Right, this time, we're going to learn how to create a news slider that come with the following features:
 - Slideshow with Image and description/caption
 - previous, next, pause and play buttons
 - On mouse over, pause the slideshow, and play it on mouse out
 - Sliding effect for both gallery panel and excerpt panel
 - Adjustable slideshow speed
 - And, finally, smarter script that will calculate width and height for the slideshow
We're going to use scrollTo jQuery plugin during the development. A huge thumb up and big thank you to Ariel Flesler who created the plugin.
Advertisement
Existing Tutorials
The following is my previous version of image gallery:
Simple JQuery Image Slide Show with Semi-Transparent Caption
And also, the concept that we'll be using for this gallery, it works about the same with the folowing posts, if you want a better illustrated explanations, you can read:
jQuery Sliding Tab Menu for Sidebar Tutorial, or
Create a Vertical, Horizontal and Diagonal Sliding Content Website with jQuery
Explanation
For this slide show, we will combine two sliding panels together, and use the timer (setInterval function) to animate the whole thing. The image below will able to give you more understanding of the html/css layout.
So, there are several important reminders:
 - The size of the #slider should be the same size with the image
 - The total number of excerpt items must be the same with the total number of Images
 - You must set the width and height for #slider, because the script uses it to calculate the width and height for other elements
 - Z-index/ layer order is very important to make sure everything is displayed correctly
 - Buttons can be removed or styled, if you changed the button id, you have to change it in the script as well.
1. HTML
#mask-excerpt is being set to absolute position and z-index to highest so that it will appear on the #gallery. It's possible to take the excerpt out, and make it something like this: DibuSoft mmdv. Remember, total numer of #gallery items must be the same with total number of #excerpt items.

Cras dictum. Maecenas ut turpis. In vitae erat ac orci dignissim eleifend.

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas.

Nunc quis justo. Sed vel ipsum in purus tincidunt pharetra.

 prev
 pause
 play
 next

2. CSS
This time, CSS is a bit complicated, therefore, I have added line comments to further elaborate it. Refer the to previous illustration, we have to make sure the z-index/layer order are being set correctly, and also float:left for the #gallery so that the items are arranged horizontally. For the #excerpt, we don't have to set the float, because we want it display vertically.
The arrangement of the items will decide the scrolling direction. The arrangment of items are further elabrated in this tutoria - Create a Vertical, Horizontal and Diagonal Sliding Content Website with jQuery
#slider {
 /* You MUST specify the width and height */
 width:300px;
 height:186px;
 position:relative;
 overflow:hidden;
}
#mask-gallery {

 overflow:hidden;
}
#gallery {

 /* Clear the list style */
 list-style:none;
 margin:0;
 padding:0;

 z-index:0;

 /* width = total items multiply with #mask gallery width */
 width:900px;
 overflow:hidden;
}
 #gallery li {

 /* float left, so that the items are arrangged horizontally */
 float:left;
 }
#mask-excerpt {

 /* Set the position */
 position:absolute;
 top:0;
 left:0;
 z-index:500;

 /* width should be lesser than #slider width */
 width:100px;
 overflow:hidden;

}

#excerpt {
 /* Opacity setting for different browsers */
 filter:alpha(opacity=60);
 -moz-opacity:0.6;
 -khtml-opacity: 0.6;
 opacity: 0.6;

 /* Clear the list style */
 list-style:none;
 margin:0;
 padding:0;

 /* Set the position */
 z-index:10;
 position:absolute;
 top:0;
 left:0;

 /* Set the style */
 width:100px;
 background-color:#000;
 overflow:hidden;
 font-family:arial;
 font-size:10px;
 color:#fff;
}
 #excerpt li {
 padding:5px;
 }

.clear {
 clear:both;
}
3. Javascript
We've created a function called newsslider. Each time you call it, it will scroll to the next/prev item. This function accepts a parameter called "prev", if you set it to 1/true, it scrolls to previous item, otherwise, it will scroll to the next item.
To animate the news slider, we use a timer called setInterval function, and you can set the speed by assigning the interval value in miliseconds. It's that simple. Right, the following is the script and as usual, I have put comments in every lines to assist you. :)

$(document).ready(function() {
 //Speed of the slideshow
 var speed = 5000;

 //You have to specify width and height in #slider CSS properties
 //After that, the following script will set the width and height accordingly
 $('#mask-gallery, #gallery li').width($('#slider').width());
 $('#gallery').width($('#slider').width() * $('#gallery li').length);
 $('#mask-gallery, #gallery li, #mask-excerpt, #excerpt li').height($('#slider').height());

 //Assign a timer, so it will run periodically
 var run = setInterval('newsslider(0)', speed);

 $('#gallery li:first, #excerpt li:first').addClass('selected');
 //Pause the slidershow with clearInterval
 $('#btn-pause').click(function () {
 clearInterval(run);
 return false;
 });
 //Continue the slideshow with setInterval
 $('#btn-play').click(function () {
 run = setInterval('newsslider(0)', speed);
 return false;
 });

 //Next Slide by calling the function
 $('#btn-next').click(function () {
 newsslider(0);
 return false;
 });
 //Previous slide by passing prev=1
 $('#btn-prev').click(function () {
 newsslider(1);
 return false;
 });

 //Mouse over, pause it, on mouse out, resume the slider show
 $('#slider').hover(

 function() {
 clearInterval(run);
 },
 function() {
 run = setInter


Skip navigation
Former Jailhouse Lawyer Bobby Battle Dies at Age 80
by Monte McCoin
Former prisoner Bobby Battle, an Oklahoma City native with a sixth-grade education who filed a lawsuit that ultimately led to historic reforms and the desegregation of Oklahoma prisons, died on December 25, 2017 at the age of 80.
"He must have just had native intelligence, one of those people who was educated even though they have poor formal education," attorney Stephen Jones recalled. "Bobby just taught himself about federal civil rights and prison reform and the cases and went forward."
In 1970, Battle was housed for two months in the "dungeon," a subbasement area at the Oklahoma State Penitentiary, after he filed a complaint with the warden about a 275-pound guard who beat a much smaller fellow prisoner. His experience led him to research and prepare a 1972 lawsuit that would continue making its way through the courts for nearly 30 years and become the most expensive prison litigation in state history.
That suit launched an FBI probe in 1974 that found understaffing, inadequate medical facilities, inadequate access to legal materials, racial segregation and discrimination, and unconstitutional limits on legal mail. The case was ultimately certified as a class-action after four other prisoners joined in, and the Department of Justice intervened. Over the years, courts ordered far-reaching reforms in Oklahoma's prison system until, on January 26, 2001, U.S. District Court Judge Michael Burrage granted a motion to terminate the case under the Prison Litigation Reform Act. See: Battle v. Anderson, U.S.D.C. (E.D. Okla.), Case No. 72-cv-95.
While incarcerated, Battle became a civil rights activist and created an organization behind bars called the Committee Against Prison Exploitation. Following his release in 1987 he hosted a radio program, the "Bobby Battle Forum," which helped connect callers with available community social services and advocated for voting rights for former prisoners. He called his experience in prison "Knucklehead College," and often spoke with others who had been incarcerated. He was buried in his hometown of Oklahoma City.
"Bobby is an unsung hero. He had the guts to stand up and do the right thing," Jones stated.
Many of the improved prison conditions that prisoners take for granted were achieved through hard-fought litigation by activist prisoners in the 1970s and 80s. Battle was one of them, and he helped effect reforms in Oklahoma prisons that continue today.
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text:
Water conflicts may arise on transboundary rivers with upstream hydropower use and downstream irrigation use. This occurs because upstream water release does not coincide with seasonal irrigation needs of the downstream riparian. This paper examines the role that multilateral development banks (MDBs) may play in reducing conflict - a role that arises because MDBs have a comparative advantage over other development agencies in promoting transboundary water management. We consider and rank the qualitative impact of a range of infrastructure projects, potentially initiated and co-financed by MDBs. Basinwide social efficiency and regional stability can, under certain conditions, by improved through Pareto-improving investments, including enhancement of upstream hydropower efficiency and expansion of downstream reservoir capacity. The findings are used to analyse infrastructure projects currently under consideration in the Syr Darya Basin in Central Asia.
Common property resources conflict externalities foreign aid hydropower irrigation natural resources regional public goods transboundary rivers water


text:
シンクロトロン放射光とレーザーの組み合わせによる光電子分光実験 Photoemission Study Using a Combination of Synchrotron Radiation and Laser
Photoemission spectroscopy using a combination of synchrotron radiation (SR) and a laser is fascinating since various laser-induced phenomena occurring on solids and surfaces are directly observable. A pump-probe technique using SR and a Ti: sapphire laser that is synchronized with the SR can provide time-resolved photoemission spectra in the nanosecond region. Using this system, we have studied the surface photo-voltage effects on an n-GaAs (100) surface. We have also constructed an experimental system that enables time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in the microsecond region. Time-resolved photoemission spectra in the microsecond region can be obtained using a laser light from Ti: sapphire regenerative amplifier with a frequency of 10-300 kHz and a gate system with a time window in the range of 10 ns to 50 ms for the photoemission signal.
レーザー研究 34(8), 544-548, 2006-08-15
The Laser Society of Japan