How to Reset iPad: Force Restart and Factory Reset
Whether you're dealing with a frozen screen, unresponsive apps, or preparing to hand over your iPad to a new owner, knowing how to reset an iPad is essential.
In this guide, we'll break down the different methods, from a soft reset to a force restart, and even how to factory reset any model. And because we understand the value of your data, we'll also cover how to back up your iPad before beginning a reset. So, let's dive in and demystify the process of how to reset an iPad.
Table of Contents
How to Reset iPad (Soft Reset)
A soft reset is simply rebooting your iPad. It's much like turning off your TV and turning it back on, only a bit more sophisticated. Here's how to perform a soft reset.
 1. Press and hold the power button (on the top edge for most models) until a slider appears.
 2. Drag the slider to turn off your iPad.
 3. After the device turns off, hold the power button again until the Apple logo appears on the iPad screen.
And there you have it, you've performed a soft reset on your iPad!
How to Force Restart iPad
Every once in a while, your iPad might face issues that a simple reboot can't fix. In those cases, performing a force restart might be the ticket. A hard reset forces your iPad to turn off and back on abruptly, clearing its memory and any errant processes.
The good news is that this method doesn't delete any of your data or settings, so it's safe to perform without any worries about data loss.
However, it's important to note that the method for performing a force restart varies depending on the model of your iPad, mainly because of the different types of buttons on different models. Let's walk you through the various methods.
How to force restart iPad with Face ID
If you're using an iPad Pro 2018 and later versions, here's how to force restart it.
 1. Quickly press and release the Volume Up button.
 2. Do the same with the Volume Down button.
 3. Press and hold the Power button until you see the Apple logo.
You've just mastered how to force restart an iPad with Face ID!
How to force restart iPad with Touch ID in the top button
Follow these steps for an iPad Air (4th generation) with a Touch ID on the top button.
 1. Hold down both the Top button and the Volume Down button.
 2. Release both buttons when the Apple logo appears.
Voila! That's how to restart your iPad Air. Learn how to connect Apple Pencil to iPad.
How to force restart iPad with a Home button
If you're rocking an older model with a Home button, here's how to restart it.
 1. Press and hold both the Home and the Top (or Side) buttons.
 2. Keep holding until you see the Apple logo.
That's how to restart your iPad if it has a Home button.
How to restart an iPad without a Home button
Follow these steps if you're using a newer iPad without a Home button to restart it.
 1. Hold down the top and volume buttons while pressing either volume button until the power off slider appears.
 2. Drag the slider, then wait for your device to switch off for 30 seconds. If your iPad is unresponsive, force restart the device.
 3. Press and hold the top button on your iPhone until you see the Apple logo to turn it back on.
How to Backup iPad
Before diving into the reset process, it's vital to ensure that all your precious data—photos, documents, apps, and more are safely stored away. After all, you don't want to lose those cherished family photos or important work documents in the reset process. This section will guide you through backing up your iPad. Whether you prefer using iCloud or iTunes, we've got you covered. Let's ensure your data is safe and sound before proceeding further!
How to Backup iPad Using iCloud
Before proceeding with more drastic measures like a factory reset, it's crucial to back up your data. Let's learn how to do this with iCloud.
 1. Connect your iPad to Wi-Fi.
 2. Go to Settings > [your name], and tap iCloud.
 3. Tap iCloud Backup.
 4. Tap Back Up Now. Stay connected to Wi-Fi until the process finishes.
Remember to keep your iCloud backup current by turning on iCloud Backup in your settings.
How to Backup iPad Using iTunes
Alternatively, you can use iTunes on your computer for backup.
 1. Open iTunes and connect your iPad.
 2. If a message asks for your device passcode or to Trust This Computer, follow the onscreen steps.
 3. Select your iPad when it appears in iTunes.
 4. Click on "Back Up Now."
How to Factory Reset iPad
A factory reset takes your iPad back to the state it was when it first left the factory. It's also crucial if you're about to sell your iPad. Here's how to reset your iPad to factory settings.
 1. Go to Settings > General > Reset.
 2. Tap "Erase All Content and Settings."
 3. You might be asked to enter your passcode or Apple ID password to confirm.
And that's it! Your iPad should now be as fresh as when it was first unboxed.
How to factory reset iPad without password
If you forgot your password, fret not. Here's how to factory reset an iPad without a password using iTunes.
 1. Connect your iPad to your computer and open iTunes.
 2. When your iPad appears in iTunes, click on the "Summary" panel.
 3. Click "Restore iPad" and then "Restore" again to confirm.
This process will erase your iPad, removing the passcode and allowing you to set up the device afresh.
FAQs: Resetting an iPad
Does resetting or restoring an iPad delete my Apple ID?
No, resetting or restoring your iPad will not delete your Apple ID. It simply removes the data and settings from your device.
Does resetting an iPad make it faster?
Resetting your iPad can improve performance, especially if you're experiencing slow response or constant crashing. It's much like giving your device a fresh start.
Will a hard reset help battery life?
A hard reset won't directly improve battery life. Still, it can help resolve issues that may be draining your battery faster than usual.
Should I factory reset my iPad if it was stolen?
Yes. If your iPad is lost or stolen, protecting your information is crucial. You could erase your device remotely if you had Find My iPad enabled.
Conclusion: Navigating the Different Ways to Reset an iPad
We've come a long way in this guide, covering the various methods and techniques on how to reset an iPad. From dealing with a sluggish screen or errant apps to preparing your device for a new owner, resetting your iPad is a practical solution to many issues. You've learned how to perform a soft reset, a force restart, and even how to factory reset your device, regardless of its model.
Moreover, we've understood the importance of backing up data before any reset and explored the different ways you can back up your iPad using iCloud or iTunes. Safety first, right?
In the Frequently Asked Questions section, we addressed some common queries you might have about the reset process and its effects on your device. We clarified that resetting doesn't delete your Apple ID and can significantly boost your device's performance. While it might not directly improve battery life, a hard reset can clear out processes that could consume more power than necessary.
Lastly, in case of a lost or stolen iPad, we emphasized the necessity of a factory reset to protect your private information.
In conclusion, understanding how to reset an iPad gives you the upper hand in managing your device effectively. Whether it's a routine maintenance task or a necessary step before passing on the device, mastering these methods ensures you're never at a loss. Here's to smooth operations and trouble-free iPad experiences!
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Author
David Smith is the senior editor and reviewer for TechGadgetLife, covering the consumer tech industry. He has been writing about technology for over a decade. Prior to founding TechGadgetLife, David served as a senior correspondent covering Apple, Android, and portable audio products.


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The Arab Organization for Industrialization (AOI) has implemented 600 water treatment plants at a cost of EGP 18bn, with a total disposal capacity of more than 3m cubic meters per day (cm³/day).
An AOI official told Daily News Egypt that the current sewage treatment projects have capacities ranging from 15 cm³/day to 150,000 cm³/day. He revealed that AOI has also completed the design, implementation, and installation of the Compact sewage treatment plant with a capacity of up to 1,500 meters cm³/day.
He explained that the technology used in wastewater treatment includes: activated sludge plant (ASP), rotating disc system, submerged aerated filter (SAF), suspended media filters (SMF), sequencing batch reactor (SBR), non-electric filter, and trickling filter.
The stations implemented by the ASP system include a sewage treatment plant in Dakahlia Governorate with a capacity of 1,500 cm³/day, and a sewage treatment unit with a capacity of 35,000 cm³/day in Aswan Governorate.
The stations implementing the rotating disc system include a wastewater treatment plant in Dahab, South Sinai, with a capacity of 8,000 cm³/day.
He pointed to the implementation of industrial wastewater treatment plants, where the units were launched from 50 cm³/day to 500 cm³/day for various factories.
With regard to the purification of surface water treatment processes, the source stressed that the AOI is currently implementing more than 20 plants with a capacity of 5,000 to 10,000 cm³/day.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Dictionary Results for reversal|
1. reversal - noun
· a change from one state to the opposite state; "there was a reversal of autonomic function"
2. reversal - noun
· an unfortunate happening that hinders or impedes; something that is thwarting or frustrating
Synonym(s): reverse, setback, blow, black_eye
Hypernym(s): happening, occurrence, occurrent, natural_event
3. reversal - noun
· turning in an opposite direction or position; "the reversal of the image in the lens"
Hypernym(s): turning, turn
4. reversal - noun
· a decision to reverse an earlier decision
Synonym(s): change_of_mind, flip-flop, turnabout, turnaround
Hypernym(s): decision_making, deciding
5. reversal - noun
· a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was incorrect and should be set aside
Hypernym(s): judgment, judgement, judicial_decision
6. reversal - noun
· turning in the opposite direction
Synonym(s): reversion, reverse, turnabout, turnaround
Hypernym(s): change_of_direction, reorientation
7. reversal - noun
· the act of reversing the order or place of
8. reversal - noun
· a major change in attitude or principle or point of view; "an about-face on foreign policy"
Synonym(s): about-face, volte-face, policy_change
or unscramble the word you need to complete that puzzle or to finish that
project or homework!
letters to unscramble the word
synonyms, antonyms and related words
word below with '?' to indicate missing letters
word to find the rhymes
letters of the beginning, middle or end of the word.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Growth and Mahler measures in geometry and topology
01 July - 05 July 2013
Eriko Hironaka, Florida State University
Ruth Kellerhals, Université de FribourgParticipantsParticipants Presentation
The goal of the workshop is to bring together geometers, topologists and number theorists with the aim of exploring
connections between low-dimensional geometry and topology and number theory. In the focus are topics such as growth
of fundamental groups of low-dimensional space forms, cohomological torsion growth,entropy of surface automorphisms,
geometry of Teichmüller space, Mahler measures of A-polynomials and volumes of hyperbolic knots and manifolds.
Closely related are developments in quantum topology and quantum knot invariants.
Key words: Growth, Mahler measure; hyperbolic manifolds; mapping class theory;
Teichmüller theory, knot polynomials; Betti numbers, hyperbolic volume; Salem numbers,
Participation and presentations by invitation only.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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January 2020 – project update
National Lottery funding to restore and explore
Herefordshire's Ice Age kettle hole ponds
15 projects across the UK have been awarded a share of £7.4million from National Lottery to take action for nature including a project in north west Herefordshire developed by Herefordshire Wildlife Trust in partnership with Herefordshire Amphibian and Reptile Team and Herefordshire and Worcestershire Earth Heritage Trust.
Species and habitats on the verge of extinction have been handed a lifeline as The National Lottery Heritage Fund announces £7.3million to take action for nature across the UK. The Conserving Herefordshire's Ice Age Ponds project in Herefordshire has been awarded £252,600 to protect remaining kettle hole ponds in the county which provide a unique and rare habitat for wildlife.
The project will officially start in the next couple of months and will open with the launch of the Ice Age Herefordshire exhibition at Hereford Museum on 4 April 2020. The Ice Age Ponds project will have a big section in the exhibition. (Hereford Museum opening times etc. here)
Herefordshire's Ice Age ponds, often referred to as kettle-hole ponds, were created around 20,000 years ago during the last Ice Age, when woolly mammoths were still roaming the area. Herefordshire's Ice Age Ponds are particularly special, as they can hold an undisturbed record of our climate and wildlife since the time when the glaciers retreated. They are also extremely important today as habitats for some of the county's most precious pond species, including the highly protected great crested newt, the rare and mysterious medicinal leech and an extremely rare water beetle (Graphoderus cinereus).
Sadly, these nationally rare and important ponds are still being damaged and destroyed, thereby losing some of our most irreplaceable natural heritage.
Initial National Lottery funding enabled a development phase to take place last year when ponds were mapped and surveyed, allowing the project team to see exactly what was needed to go ahead with restoration. The development phase also provided an opportunity to engage with local communities and an army of enthusiastic volunteers were trained in pond survey techniques, supported by visits to local schools and other community events.
Senior Conservation Manager at Herefordshire Wildlife Trust, Andrew Nixon said: "This is a fantastic opportunity to restore ponds which have been key features of Herefordshire's landscapes for literally thousands of years. Over this time, the ponds have formed an important network across the countryside which many species of wildlife relied upon. Over recent decades, as ponds have ceased to be needed on farms or in villages, ponds have been filled in, or simply become overgrown, and the wildlife associated with this habit is being lost."
Dr Angela Julian, Coordinator of Amphibian and Reptile Groups of UK said, "As well as preserving our precious local biodiversity, this exciting new project is an important step to prevent us from losing these unique and ancient ponds from our landscape, and by engaging communities in their restoration will ensure that they will persist for future generations to enjoy".
As the ponds are restored, interpretation will also be created to explain the importance of the ponds. This will include signs and walking and cycling routes but also digital interpretation allowing people a glimpse into the pre-historic past through their smart phones!
Since 1994, the National Lottery has invested £829million into nature and wildlife projects.
Drew Bennellick, Head of Land and Nature Policy at The National Lottery Heritage Fund, said: "Urgent action is needed to help nature recover. National Lottery funding is creating incredible opportunities for people to take such action for species under threat and, crucially, equipping a new generation with the skills and passions to make a real difference for the future of our natural world."
November 2019 Project update +
November 2019 – project update
The first part (the Development Phase) of our project was completed on August 20th when we submitted the application to Heritage Lottery for the second stage (Delivery Phase). It was a hectic time completing all the paperwork for this and we hope the application will be successful to gain the £250,000 or so funding we need.
In the Delivery Phase, we will undertake conservation management on 15 of the ice age ponds surveyed this year (coppicing back overhanging trees, very selective and careful clearing of some excess weed and leaf litter and sediment, and fencing to protect from stock damage), and survey up to 100 more ponds. We will also be producing interpretation and information about the ponds in the form of leaflets, display boards, and walking, cycling and car trails. In addition, we will produce apps for mobiles and tablets to provide some graphical background on how the ponds and landscape might have looked like at the end of the ice age 20,000 years ago.
Totally coincidently, but with perfect timing, Hereford Museum are running an Ice Age Exhibition (last year this exhibition was in Worcester Museum) from April to June 2020 and we have been invited to put on an Ice Age Ponds project display, and provide various activities to engage children and adults in learning about the ice age and its impacts here in Herefordshire.
The project this year has been a great success. Over 60 volunteers have been involved one way or another, many of them having come on the 4 training days and subsequent field trips to survey the ponds. The training days had some excellent presentations on the geology and wildlife of our ice age ponds (Kettle Hole ponds), helping us to appreciate the special nature of the ponds and the landscape they are found in. This landscape is called 'hummocky moraine', found in places where glaciers ended and then retreated northwards. Herefordshire is one of only a few counties in England where that landscape exists. We've seen a variety of lovely ponds, dug holes in the mud (coring) to see how it is composed, and netted the ponds to see the many creatures that live there. 41 ponds were surveyed which was 30% more than we'd planned when the project started – a great achievement. A "Kettle hole ponds survey method manual" was created for the project and given to all survey volunteers.
Based on the survey data collected, we now have comprehensive management plans for 15 of the ponds which would benefit most from conservation work, put together by Will Watson and Giles King-Salter.
We've been very well supported by local landowners and conservation organisations (such as the National Trust, Natural England, Duchy of Cornwall, Bulmers), and more ponds have been identified to be surveyed in the next stage of the project.
With the support and funding of the Kingspan Trust the project has run events at 5 schools in the northwest of Herefordshire to raise awareness and interest in ice age ponds, and these have been done by Dave Hutton and the excellent Herefordshire Wildlife Trust (HWT) Wildplay team.
Dave Hutton, our Project Manager, having completed this stage of the project left the HWT on 31st August. We hope he will be available to come back for the second phase which if approved will start in January or February 2020. He has done a great job in a very short time to get everything done to meet the August deadline. He writes (to the volunteers): 'The Development Stage for the Ice Age Ponds Project has now come to an end, thank you all for your help and support over the last few months. It's been great working with you and the rest of the team to get this part of the project to where it is now.' Our project contact at the HWT from now on will be Andrew Nixon until we can re-recruit the Project manager at the start of the next phase.
Beth Andrews, our Project Officer for the geological aspects, and based at the Herefordshire and Worcestershire Earth Heritage Trust (HWEHT), will continue on a day a week basis till November so will be working further with the volunteer team. She writes (to the volunteers): 'I want to say a huge "Thank you" to everyone who has been involved so far. We have collected a huge amount of data in a very short time, often in less than ideal weather on many less than ideal sites. We couldn't have done it without you, so thank you. We couldn't have done all this wonderful work without the amazing people who gave their time to survey ponds, let us visit their ponds and helped us find new ponds, research history and connect with landowners. We look forward to seeing you again soon.'
She arranged a visit with some experts to take more core samples at a few of our sites. These were longer (could be over 8m of sediment) cores than those taken by the volunteers (only about ½ to 3/4m deep) and will give us a lot more data about the geology, vegetation and fauna present in the more distant past. For her comments on the results see below.
Beth will be creating displays to show some of the vast amount of data that has been collected and to highlight our plans for the next stage.
The members of our small Steering Group have also contributed a huge amount of expertise and effort: Ian Fairchild (HWEHT), Andrew Nixon (HWT), and Angie Julian (ARG UK) who has travelled from Oxford to support us. And, of course, Dave and Beth. A big thank you to them all.
Some members of the Steering Group visited the Norfolk Wildlife Trust in June to meet the team who have been doing a similar project with their ice age ponds (Pingos). Pingos are similar to our Kettle Hole Ponds but formed in a slightly different way: ice blocks left under the permafrost surface slowly melted, and the surface eventually collapsed into the hole creating the pond. Their project started several years ago, and Heritage Lottery encouraged us to go and learn from their experience and knowledge. We visited several Pingos and discussed the issues of management and how best to engage with the


text:
German Named the Second Most Commonly Spoken Language in North Dakota
Other than English, Spanish is the second most common language spoken in the United States. However, North Dakota stands out as one of the seven states with a different language as their second most commonly used.
Residents with German descent make up 44% of North Dakota's population, followed by Norwegian descent at 30%. With that information, it makes sense that German is the language most used behind English.
The six other states with a language more commonly spoken than Spanish are:
- Louisiana - French
- Maine - French
- Vermont - French
- New Hampshire - French
- Hawaii - Tagalog
- AlaskaYupik
Like any other state, North Dakota is made up of a wide variety of people. The most popular languages spoken from other descents include:
- Kru, Ibo, Yoruba


text:
Various constraints on correlated mixtures of adiabatic and nonadiabatic primordial perturbations, were investigated. Flat directions in parameter space which tolerate large fractions of nonadiabatic fluctuations were discovered. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was employed to sample parameter space, using Metropolis algorithm. The posterior distribution was sampled quickly and accurately with an efficient distribution using a scaled covariance matrix of the posterior.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Physics and Astronomy


Mason Koelm
Mason Koelm, Undergraduate student, International Relations and Criminology, Law, and Justice
Returns Native American artifacts
Hometown: St. Louis, Missouri
Faculty mentor/advisor: Dr. Lara Noldner
What is your degree program and expected graduate date?
- International Relations (B.A.), Criminology, Law, and Justice (B.S.), Museum Studies Certificate, Anthropology Minor. Anticipated graduation in May 2021
Please describe your research: This research project was funded by a federal NAGPRA (Native American Graves Protections and Repatriation Act) grant and sought to identify any NAGPRA items in the UI Office of the State Archaeologists' (OSA) collections that are from sites with mortuary features. The OSA has full inventories of all human remains and associated funerary objects in their possession, but many older collections have not been re-examined for possible unassociated funerary objects and sacred items. I analyzed archival material to determine which objects were included under the terms of NAGPRA, curated spreadsheets which compiled information on such objects, conducted physical inventories, and created graphics for a tribal summit which was postponed due to COVID-19.
In simple terms, why does this research matter? Museums and research collections have long been instruments of colonization. NAGPRA and collaboration between tribes and archaeologists serve as ways to decolonize museums, improve relations, and right historic wrongs.
How soon after starting at the University of Iowa were you able to participate in research? I was a junior when this project began, so about 2 and a half years.
How has being involved in research made you more successful at the University of Iowa? I have been interested in the legal dimension of archaeology since high school. Working at the Office of the State Archaeologist was the first opportunity for me to take what I had read about and apply it to the field, in an extremely meaningful way. It also opened the door to my current work: researching the provenance of African art objects for the Stanley Art Museum.
What are your career goals and/or plans after graduation? After graduating, I will attend law school, where I hope to continue research into cultural heritage law. After that, I would love to work with museums, collections, and nonprofits to act as a liaison on other legal puzzles regarding museums, art, and cultural heritage.
Banner location: online—


text: Thermal degradation of the low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and the municipal waste plastics was investigated. The thermo-catalytic degradation of LDPE and PP was studied in the presence of the following catalysts: four different types of montmorillonite: K5, K10, K20, K30 and - for comparison - zeolites (natural - clinoptilolite, YNa+ and YH+). Thermal analyses TG-DTA-MS of polymers and polymer-catalyst mixtures were carried out in an argon flow atmosphere in isothermal and dynamic conditions. The following order was found: in lowering the reaction temperature for LDPE degradation YH+ > mK5 > mK20 = mK30 >mK10 > NZ > YNa+; for PP degradation: mK20 > mK5 = mK30 >mK10 > YH+ > NZ > YNa+. The activity tests were carried out in a stainless steel batch reactor under atmospheric pressure in a wide temperature range of up to 410°C, and using the atmosphere of argon flow. The liquid products were analysed by the GC-MS method. The hydrocarbons in the liquid products from thermal degradation of polymers were broadly distributed in the carbon fractions of C8 to C26 - for LDPE and C6 to C31 for PP.


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Jual Standar Penetration Test (SPT)
STANDARD PENETRATION TEST / SPT; ASTM D-1586 – AASHTO T-206
For driving a split barrel sampler to obtain a representative soil sample and
measure the soil resistance to penetration.
Consist of :
- Split Barrel Sampler ( 1 pc)
- Hardened machined steel, 1 3/ 8 " I.d; 18 " length.
- Sampling Rod; steel pipe, 1.5 m length. ( 20 pcs)
Drive weight Assembly
consist of :
- Hammer; steel, 63.5 kg weight ( 1 pc)
- Anvil; machine steel ( 1 pc)
- Guide Rod ( steel, 76.2 cm drop height ( 1 pc)
Consist of :
- Tripod Stand; steel pipe ( 1 pc)
- Pulley; 20 cm ciameter ( 1 pc)
- Rope; 3/ 4 " diameter x 15 mtr( 1 rol)
- Vertical Guide; machine steel ( 1 pc)
- Pipe Wrench; 24 " length ( 2 pcs).
Jual Hydraulic Cone Penetrometer 10 Ton
ASTM D-3441 / SNI 2827-2008
For determining cone resistance and friction resistance of soil layers.
Consist of :
- Hydraulic Driving Appliance : Steel construction, hydraulic operated 10 Ton Capacity Design with double cylinder pressure, sounding speed 2 cm/ sec. incorporated two wheel integral with the driving appliance. Penetration measuring scale, 100 cm assembly on body. The standard measuring device is equipped with two pressure gauges.
- Manometer : 100 kg / cm² capacity, lower mount connection.
- Manometer : 1000 kg / cm² capacity, lower mount connection.
- Power Unit : Hydraulic pump incorporated in governor matched to the installed petrol engine, 13.5 HP, hand starter.
- Sounding Rod : Machined steel, 36 mm o.d., 1 mtr effective length, tappered thread.
- Plunger Rod : Round bar, 15 mm dia, 1 mtr length.
- Push Adaptor : Machined steel.
- Pull Adaptor : Machined steel.
- Anchoring Pickets : Machined steel, welded, spiral type anchor with screw pickets, 1.4 metre length.
- Hydraulic Spanner : Machined steel, hydraulic gear box powered with variabel speed gasket, additional hand spanner for spare.
- Mantel Cone : Precision machine steel hardened tip, tappered thread 60º angle, 35.7 mm diameter.
- Friction Cone : Precision machine steel hardened, with friction jacket, tappered thread 60º angle, 35.7 mm diameter.
- Wrenches Set : Pipe wrench (2), adjustable wrench (1), spanner wrench (1) allen key (1), screw driver (1), oil can (1), steel brush (1), piston wrench (1), seals tape (2), oil seals (2), steel box (1).
- Long Fasten Press : Beam cannal, 160 cm length, 15 cm width.
- Hydraulic Hose : Flexible hose with push/ pull coupler. 300 cm length, 10.000 psi capacity.
- Field Trolley : Fillin sounding apparatus.
Standard supply with instruction manual operating
Overall dimension (l x w x h) : 130 x 105 x 210 cm / Gross Weight : 770 kg


Enhancing Well-being: Discovering Wellness Centers in British Columbia
Wellness centers in British Columbia serve as sanctuaries of serenity and rejuvenation, offering a myriad of services and activities aimed at nurturing the mind, body, and spirit. From yoga and meditation to spa treatments and holistic therapies, these centers provide holistic approaches to well-being in the midst of the province's breathtaking natural surroundings.
Holistic Approaches to Health: Wellness centers in British Columbia embrace holistic approaches to health and well-being, focusing on the interconnectedness of the mind, body, and spirit. Through a combination of practices such as yoga, meditation, acupuncture, and energy healing, these centers promote balance, harmony, and vitality.
Mindfulness and Meditation: Experience the transformative power of mindfulness and meditation at wellness centers across British Columbia. Whether through guided meditation sessions, mindfulness workshops, or silent retreats, these centers offer opportunities to cultivate presence, awareness, and inner peace in a supportive and nurturing environment.
Yoga and Fitness: Discover the physical and mental benefits of yoga and fitness at wellness centers throughout British Columbia. From gentle hatha yoga to dynamic vinyasa flow classes, these centers cater to practitioners of all levels and abilities, promoting strength, flexibility, and overall well-being.
Spa Treatments and Therapies: Indulge in luxurious spa treatments and therapies designed to pamper the body and soothe the soul. From massage and facials to hydrotherapy and aromatherapy, wellness centers in British Columbia offer a range of holistic treatments aimed at promoting relaxation, rejuvenation, and stress relief.
Holistic Wellness Programs: Embark on a journey of self-discovery and transformation with holistic wellness programs offered at wellness centers in British Columbia. Whether seeking to improve fitness, manage stress, or cultivate inner peace, these programs combine various modalities such as nutrition counseling, life coaching, and mindfulness training to support holistic well-being.
Community and Connection: Connect with like-minded individuals and build a sense of community at wellness centers in British Columbia. From group classes and workshops to wellness retreats and events, these centers provide opportunities for individuals to come together, share experiences, and support each other on their wellness journeys.
In conclusion, wellness centers in British Columbia offer a holistic approach to health and well-being, providing a sanctuary for individuals to nurture their mind, body, and spirit amidst the province's stunning natural surroundings. Whether through yoga and meditation, spa treatments, or holistic wellness programs, these centers empower individuals to cultivate balance, vitality, and resilience in their lives.
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The Water Diviner (4/10)
Now how best to describe this directorial debut of Russell Crowe… A pretentious hotchpotch or a melodramatic mishmash?
Connor (Crowe) is the water diviner, an Australian farmer with the gift to find things deep under the soil. At his farm, he uses this rare skill to find water in drought-stricken Victoria. When his three sons join the battle of Gallipoli in 1919 they die amongst thousands of other ANZAC soldiers. Guilted into action by his wife, Connor travels to Turkey to use his special skill to find the bodies of his sons so he can bring them home for a proper burial.
Continue reading


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Traditional cork best for biodiversity conservation
In recent years, synthetic plastic bottle stoppers have been steadily replacing the traditional cork stoppers used to bottle wines, amid fears that cork extraction leads to declining biodiversity.
A new study published in the journal Biological Conservation (in press), proves exactly the opposite, demonstrating that cork extraction is in fact an economic activity that should be promoted for the benefit of biodiversity. The research is the first to look at the impact of cork extraction on biodiversity, using birds as indicators.
In the cork-making process, long strips of bark are taken from the cork oak, Quercus suber, every 9 years, starting when the tree is about 25 years old. The bark then regenerates throughout the life of the tree. Generally, cork oaks dominate areas of Mediterranean agro-forestry-pastoral systems called montados.
Montados are known to be important breeding habitat for many Mediterranean birds, including endangered species such as the Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) and the black stork (Ciconia nigra).
Promotional campaigns for synthetic bottle stoppers claim that demand for cork stoppers is leading to an over-stripping of trees, with negative consequences for montadosand their biodiversity.
However, exactly how debarking cork oaks influences biodiversity has never previously been carefully studied. The new study looks at how bird densities differ between areas of recently extracted cork and older cork which has had time to recover.
The results indicate that although a few species that glean prey from bark have lower densities in recently stripped areas, the majority of species were entirely unaffected by debarking. The authors of the study also highlight that despite showing slight declines immediately after debarking, bark-gleaning species still had stable populations at the landscape level, and that montados remained the most favourable habitat in that region.
The report concludes that, contrary to some claims, cork extraction is compatible with maintaining biodiversity in montados, citing it as an example of the balance that can be achieved between socio-economic development and biodiversity conservation.
Currently, around 100,000 people are employed in cork-related activities in the seven Mediterranean cork-producing countries. But, with the advent of plastic bottle stoppers, the economic viability of montados has been greatly reduced, and land is consequently being abandoned in many areas and replaced with other land uses much less valuable for birds and other biodiversity - a problem which is already affecting areas in Spain, Portugal, France and Italy.


text:
A Mental Health and Community Integration Guide for GLBTQI Individuals:
What You Need to Know
This 12-page colorful booklet covers a range of key issues in mental health recovery and community integration such as treatment and rehabilitation, financial support, housing, employment, and peer support with specific information to address the unique needs of GLBTQI individuals embedded throughout.
This resource was created in partnership with University of Pennsylvania's Collaborative on Community Integration of Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities.
Click here to preview this booklet.
Hard copies of this low-cost booklet are available for purchase here through the NAMI store.
GLBTQI Mental Health: Recommendations for Policies and Services- a companion publication to the booklet, provides important considerations for service providers and policy makers, including an assessment of the barriers faced by GLBTQI individuals seeking mental health care and recommendations for practical strategies to address these barriers.
Special thanks goes to Mark Davis, members of the Pink & Blues support group (Philadelphia, PA), and the NAMI GLBT Leaders Group for their contributions of valuable time, expert guidance, and assistance in developing these resources.
Access NAMI resources on mental health issues in GLBTQI communities here.


text:
In addition to meeting all other applicable requirements for admission, non-native speakers of English must demonstrate sufficient English language proficiency. This may be demonstrated by any of the following:
- International Language Testing System (IELTS) score of 6.5
- Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) scores of:
- 550 or better (paper test)
- 79-80 (internet-based test)
- Georgia State Test of English Proficiency (GSTEP) score of 6.
- Successful completion of Georgia State University's Intensive English Program.
- For transfer applicants, completion of a college-level English composition course with a grade of "C-" or better at a regionally accredited U.S. college or university.
- For freshmen applicants, SAT Critical Reading score of 430 or better or ACT English score of 17 or better.
Conditional Admission — F1 Visa Applicants Only
Non-native speakers of English who meet all admission requirements except the English language proficiency may be granted conditional admission.
To be eligible for conditional admission, applicants meet the following:
- TOEFL score of either:
- 480 or better (paper test)
- 54-55 (internet-based test)
Students granted conditional admission will be required to take certain courses in the Intensive English Program (IEP) before taking other courses at Georgia State.
A student may remain on conditional admission status for no more than three semesters.
Financial Aid is typically not available to IEP students.


text:
In this Catch Word episode, Andrew and Suzanne discuss two idiomatic expressions that you can use to talk about being speedy: in a jiffy/in a jiff and in a flash. Join them to learn how to make your English sound like a native speaker's!
A jiffy is used not only in English idioms, but also as a unit of time! A jiffy is an actual measurement of time used in many fields such as computer science, physics, and even animation!
Expressions you'll learn in this episode:
- In a jiffy/in a jiff
- In a flash
- To take 10
- To be useless at [something]
- To piggyback off of [something]
Credit: Music: Something Elated by Broke For Free; Step On by Jahzzar; Lobby Time by Kevin (incompetech.com), licensed under Creative Commons by Attribution 3.0 License


text:
Things you can do when you visit Angel Island:
Hiking & Beachcombing
Rent a Segway & Take a Tour of the Island
Take a Historic Tram Tour
Hold a Special Event or Get Married on Angel Island
Check out the Weather for Tiburon and Angel Island
History of Angel Island - For a full history, visit Angel Island Associations Website
The island is alive with history… three thousand years ago it served as a fishing and hunting site for Coastal Miwok Indians. It was later a haven for Spanish Explorer Juan Manuel de Ayala, a cattle ranch, and a U.S. Army post starting with the Civil War.
From 1910 to 1940, the island processed hundreds of thousands of immigrants, the majority from China. During World War II, Japanese, and German POWs were held on the island, which was also used as a jumping-off point for American soldiers returning from the Pacific. In the '50s and '60s, the island was home to a Nike missile site.
In 1946 the Quarantine Station located in Hospital Cove was declared surplus, and all functions were moved to San Francisco. In 1954 a number of citizen's groups managed to persuade the California State Park Commission to obtain 36.82 acres surrounding Hospital Cove (aka Ayala Cove) for a State Park.
In 1962 the Nike missle site on the south side of the island was deactivated, and the army left the island. In December of that year, the entire island was turned over to the State of California for park purposes – with the single exception of the unmanned Coast Guard station on Point Blunt, which continues in active operation to this day.


Edit Article
wikiHow to Compare the Content of Two Folders with @MAX SyncUp
Sometimes it is required to make sure that the folders saved in the different places have the equal structure and content or understand how they differ. It is very difficult to do it manually because you need to compare each of the subfolders and files in them. This article says how to compare the content of two folders and find the difference between them automatically and then, if necessary, synchronize these folders using free software @MAX SyncUp.
Steps
 1. 1
 Download @MAX SyncUp for free and install it on your computer. You can download it from _URL_. It is not required to open the program.
 2. 2
 Find the first folder to be compared in the Windows Explorer, select it and right-click on it to call the context menu. Here click "Compare and Sync". This folder is a source folder; its path is specified automatically in the open window.
 3. 3
 Click the "Browse" button near the "Target path" field and select the second folder to be compared.
 4. 4
 Click the "OK" button. The second folder is a destination folder. Its path will be added automatically as the target path.
 5. 5
 Сlick "Proceed" button to compare the selected folders. Then the window will open which show you the list of files which are kept in one folder and are lacking in the other and vice versa and the files which differ in modified date, size or attributes.
 6. 6
 Here you can browse the list of the files and see the actions which the program designates for each file automatically. The "green arrow" means the file will be copied from first (source) folder to the second (destination) one, inversely the "blue arrow" means the file will be copied from the second (destination) folder to the first (source) folder.
 7. 7
 Right-clicking on the icon in the "Action" column you may change the automatically specified action and, if necessary, skip the copying of a file or delete a file from the original folder.
 8. 8
 When you have designated the required actions for files click the "Execute" button and the program will synchronize the files automatically in accordance with the selected actions.
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text:
Abstract: The shortest path problem is studied for finding the shortest route from a specified source to a specified destination in a mobile wireless networks with minimizing the total cost associated with the path. Several QoS measures are proposed to calculate the best path for routing the packets from specific sources to their destination. These measures are end-to-end delay, bandwidth, and No. of hops. The main goal of this work is to solve the problem of route optimization between the sender and receiver in a dynamic mobile wireless networks, and formulating the multi objective QoS measures in such dynamic environment as a multi- objective optimization using weighted sum approach. A new algorithm based on evolutionary multi objective genetic algorithm technique has been proposed and called Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA) to find out the optimal route in dynamic wireless networks that satisfied the multi objective QoS measures. The proposed algorithm is adaptive in the sense that it finds the shortest route even with the dynamic nature of the mobile wireless networks, e.g. moving nodes and a reproduction operator of the proposed algorithm which uses six different selection methods that are changing through the generations of the proposed algorithm and the best selection method is chosen by AGA according to maximum fitness. An experiment has been made for illustrating the behaviour of our proposed algorithm in wireless networks; in this experiment, the AGA has been implemented on double objectives QoS. The AGA is implemented online with predetermined initial population and fitness values. The simulations have been done under MATLAB and Visual Basic environments, and they showed that our proposed AGA performs excellently and adapts quickly to the dynamic nature of the wireless network and satisfying all of the constraints and objective measures imposed on the networks.
Keywords: Adaptive Genetic algorithm, Quality of Service (QoS), double objective optimization, routing, end-to-end delay, shortest path, dynamic networks.


text:
What Is Emergency Management?
Emergency Management is a coordinated response to an unusual emergency situation. A response that calls for maximum use of community resources, with far greater need for coordination between response agencies than usually exists.
The Emergency Management Office and the position of Emergency Management Coordinator is a Tribal office that is supported by Tribal funds and is partially reimbursed by federal and state grants. The office receives functional guidance from the regional Director of the Wisconsin Division of Emergency Management.
Emergency Management is a vital link in a network of services, which makes it possible for natural disasters and large-scale emergencies to be mitigated and dealt with effectively. The job of this department is to assist in all natural and man made disasters and in situations when a Tribal Entity has exhausted its immediately available local and mutual aid resources, when there is a potential for long range or immediate danger to life or property.
Providing assistance to St. Croix Tribal residents in the following disaster situations:
- Highway Accidents
- Rail Accidents
- Chemical Spills
- High Damaging Winds
- Forest Fires
Disasters Can Happen Anytime, Anywhere... Disaster Preparedness Begins with You!!!
If a disaster would strike our Tribal Communities, it could be days before help arrives and basic services are restored. Would you and your family be ready if that happened? Unfortunately, most households aren't prepared even for routine water main breaks and weather-related power outages that leave us without utilities for two or three days. The St. Croix Tribal Emergency Management Coordinator along with the emergency response community strongly urges every household to prepare to get along for 72 hours following an emergency with no assistance. This website provides information to the St. Croix Tribal Communities to better prepare themselves for disasters.
Be Informed about Natural Disasters
What is Emergency Management?
Emergency Management has grown out of the "old" Civil Defense days of the 1950's. Changes to federal and state laws have brought new concepts and responsibilities to the office including consideration and planning for all hazards.
In the late 1980's the implementation of the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act created a repository for documenting the storage of hazardous materials in the community. In conjunction with these laws the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) was formed to help identify priorities and provide oversight to local emergency planning. Most recently Homeland Security issues have become an additional focus for planning activities and resource development.
St. Croix Tribal Emergency Management utilizes planning, training and coordination to continually develop mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery capabilities of the County's cities, towns, tribes and villages. These four phases of emergency management are intended to identify and coordinate available resources to deal with emergencies effectively, thereby saving lives, avoiding injury and minimizing economic loss.
Mitigation activities are those which actually eliminate or reduce the chance of occurrence or the effects of a disaster.
Examples Of Mitigation Strategies:
- Floodplain Management Ordinances
- Building Inspection, Fire Inspection
- Prevention and Preparedness programs
- Detention basins and Storm water management plans
- Hazard and Vulnerability Analysis
Response means the coordinated actions taken during or immediately following a natural or technological disaster, when essential utilities and supply sources are disrupted, major damage has occurred to public and private property, and injuries or deaths may have been inflicted.
All emergencies must be managed during the response phase by using an Incident Command structure that efficiently procures and employs all the resources needed to effectively manage the situation. Each emergency is different and requires a comprehensive assessment of resources available and the flexibility to mobilize them quickly.
Examples Of Response Capabilities:
- Fire Suppression
- Scene Security
- Damage Assessment
- Search and Rescue
- Debris Clearance
Preparedness means planning for emergency operations, identifying available resources which can be tapped during a disaster, ensuring training, and practicing plans through exercises.
Examples Of Preparedness Techniques:
- Public Education
- Training and drills
- Plan development and revision
- Resource inventory
- Inter-jurisdictional communication
Recovery means the restoration of all systems to normal or near-normal condition. Long-term recovery from a disaster may go on for years until the entire disaster area is completely redeveloped, either as it was in the past or for an entirely new purpose which is less vulnerable to disaster.
Examples Of Recovery Tactics:
- Developing recovery plans
- Restoration of utilities, roads, and government services
- Damage Assessment
- Action plans
What is Sheltering-in-Place?
"Shelter-in-place" means to take immediate shelter where you are—at home, work, school or in between—usually for just a few hours. Local authorities may instruct you to "shelter-in-place" if biological, chemical or radiological contaminants are released into the environment or if there is a large scale infectious disease outbreak. Click here for more information on Sheltering in Place.
What is Evacuation?
During an emergency or disaster, individuals may be asked to temporarily leave their home or business during a natural or man-made disaster that possesses the potential to cause harm or even death to a given geographical population. Evacuations are usually temporarily, lasting sometimes a few hours to a few days.
Where can I get information about disasters and emergencies?
During an emergency or disaster, individuals will be updated on the situation of the incident including any instructions that individuals should take, such as to shelter-in-place or evacuate, through a variety of means.
Television: Although, television is a great resource for receiving information, the Tribe relies heavily on the Twin Cities market hence information may not be as readily available as you'd like for Polk County area.
Newspaper: The Twin Cities area does have daily newspapers and will likely provide daily information on the incident.
Radio: Radio will likely be the best source of receiving information on a local incident. The following are local radio stations:
Visit the What's New section of our web site for updated information about emergency planning tips and events.
||St. Croix Chippewa Tribal Environmental Service
24663 Angeline Ave.
Webster, WI 54893
||_PHONE_
|Emergency Contact Number


Swiss Company Turns Your Loved One's Ashes Into A Beautiful Diamond
November 8, 2014
When your time on Earth is over, how will you be honored? A new trend has people skipping out on the traditional burial funeral for something a little more glamorous - turning into a diamond.
turning ashes of loved ones into diamonds
A finished diamond. The color comes from the amount of boron in the ashes / algordanza
Swiss company, Algordanza, provides a service where the cremated remains of a loved one convert into a diamond. The diamond can then be used in jewelry or kept in a collection.
"A Memorial Diamond symbolizes love, loyalty and respect for loved ones who have passed away," Algordanza says on their website. "The process of creating a diamond funeral has generated a completely new way of saying goodbye to our beloved deceased - one that is modern, full of promise and filled with peace."
So how do they do it?
First, the carbon is extracted from the cremated remains. The human body is about 18% carbon, and about 2% of that remains after the cremation process. This is the carbon Algodanza uses to make their diamonds, and filters out of the other materials via a chemical process. The carbon is heated and turned into graphite, the material found in pencils.
The graphite is heated to 2,700 degrees Fahrenheit and subjected to as many as 870,000 pounds of pressure per square inch. The result of this process, which mimics a process deep in the Earth, is a diamond that ranges from white to dark blue in color. The color variation depends on the amount of Boron in the ashes.
turning ashes of loved ones into diamonds
The diamond is then cut and polished.
turning ashes of loved ones into diamonds
(H/T) ViralNova. You can learn more at
Turning a loved one's ashes into a diamond is not a cheap process, but it's comparable with the cost of an average funeral. This process will set you back about $4,500.
Would you want to me made into a diamond?
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Step by step validation
Include the URL of your launchpad blueprint:
_URL_
Validate each step during the installation to be able to stop fast in case of errors and provide feedback on which components are in error.
Problem Description
During deployment, problems are often spotted at the end of the configuration and can accumulate on top of each other making it difficult to find the root cause.
Deployers and developers will benefit by having the installation process fails fast and spotting the lowest level possible components causing the problem.
Proposed Change
Overview
Leverage the steps already defined in Tripleo to run a validation tool at the end of each step.
During each step, collect assertions about what components are configured on each host then at the end of the step, run a validation tool consumming the assertions to report all the failed assertions.
Alternatives
We could use Puppet to add assertions in the code to validate what has been configured. The drawback of this approach is the difficulty to have a good reporting on what are the issues compared to a specialized tool that can be run outside of the installer if needed.
The other drawback to this approach is that it can't be reused in future if/when we support non-puppet configuration and it probably also can't be used when we use puppet to generate an external config file for containers.
Security Impact
 - some validations may require access to sensitive data like passwords or keys to access the components.
Other End User Impact
This feature will be activated automatically in the installer.
If needed, the deployer or developper will be able to launch the tool by hand to validate a set of assertions.
Performance Impact
We expect the validations to take less than one minute by step.
Other Deployer Impact
The objective is to have a fastest iterative process by failing fast.
Developer Impact
Each configuration module will need to generate assertions to be consummed by the validation tool.
Implementation
Note that this approach (multiple step application of ansible in localhost mode via heat) for upgrades and it will work well for validations too.
_URL_
Assignee(s)
Primary assignee: <_EMAIL_>
Other contributors to help validate services:
<launchpad-id or None>
Work Items
 - generate assertions about the configured components on the server being configured in yaml files.
 - implement the validation tool leveraging the work that has already been done in tripleo-validations that will do the following steps:
 1. collect yaml files from the servers on the undercloud.
 2. run validations in parallel on each server from the undercloud.
 3. report all issues and exit with 0 if no error or 1 if there is at least one error.
Dependencies
To be added.
Testing
The change will be used automatically in the CI so it will always be tested.
Documentation Impact
We'll need to document integration with whatever validation tool is used, e.g so that those integrating new services (or in future out-of-tree additional services) can know how to integrate with the validation.
References
A similar approach was used in SpinalStack using serverspec. See _URL_
A collection of Ansible playbooks to detect and report potential issues during TripleO deployments: _URL_
Prototype of composable upgrades with Heat+Ansible: _URL_


text:
Wes Willie- Navajo
Wes grew up in Tec Nos Pos Arizona on the 25000 square mile reservation. His parents were traditional people, shepherding and pastoral pursuits occupying their days. Wes started his career as a pipeline welder working in the oil fields from coast to coast.
Nearing forty years old in 1995, he became interested in the inlay work of Charles Loloma and Preston Monongye and decided to try his hand at inlaid jewelry. Over time he became an heir apparent to these early jewelry pioneers. Today, he has won every prize at competitions such as Santa Fe Indian Market, Gallup ceremonial and the Heard Museum. He is famous for his use of gem grade materials in his jewelry. Only the finest turquoise and oxblood coral are incorporated in his designs. In addition, he uses fine gems and materials wherever he can locate them.
Showing all 9 results


text: The high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) observation was carried out to investigate the microstructure of precipitates in Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy. In the early stage of aging at 423K, monoatomic layers were observed along the (1 1 00)Mg plane. After 64h aging at 423K, the contrast of β" phase based on ordered D019 hexagonal super lattice structure was appeared. The monoatomic layers, two layers spaced by (1 1 00) Mg planes and β' phase based on bco-structure were observed in the specimen aged for 128h. In the peakaged specimen, the β' phase and monoatomic layers were observed.


C# Corner
Recording Media in a Windows Store App Part 2: Photo Capture
Eric Vogel covers how to capture a photo in a Windows Store App by using the MediaCapture API.
More On Windows Store App Media from Visual Studio Magazine:
Welcome to Part 2 of the MediaCapture API series. In Part 1 I covered how to record audio with a selected encoding and sound quality. In this article, I'll cover how to capture a photo from a webcam with the MediaCapture API in a new Windows Store App in a selected image format.
The first step is to create a new blank C# Windows Store app. Next, open up the Package.appxmanifest file and click on the Capabilities tab, and check the Internet (Client), Pictures Library and Webcam options, as seen in Figure 1.
[Click on image for larger view.] Figure 1. Setting app capabilities for photo capture and storage.
The MediaCapture API allows for photo capture in three encoding formats: JPEG, JPEG XR and PNG. To handle each format, create a new enum named ImageEncodingFormat with Jpeg, JpegXr and Png formats in a new C# class file:
public enum ImageEncodingFormat
 {
 Jpeg,
 JpegXr,
 Png
 }
In the application, the user will be presented with a ComboBox with selections for each option. The user will also be able to save a picture, and the file extension will be set appropriately for his selected image encoding. To handle both of these requirements, add a static extension method class named ImageEncodingFormatExtensions. The ImageEncodingFormatExtensions class will contain two methods: ToFileExtension and ToDisplayName. The ToFileExtension method translates an ImageEncodingFormat to its appropriate file extension. The ToDisplayName method translates an ImageEncodingFormat enum value to its UI displayed value. See Listing 1 for the completed ImageEncodingFormat class file containing the enum declaration and extension method definitions.
Listing 1. The ImageEncodingFormat.cs class file.
using System;
namespace VSMVideoCaptureDemo
{
 public enum ImageEncodingFormat
 {
 Jpeg,
 JpegXr,
 Png
 }
 public static class ImageEncodingFormatExtensions
 {
 public static string ToFileExtension(this ImageEncodingFormat imageEncodingFormat)
 {
 switch (imageEncodingFormat)
 {
 case ImageEncodingFormat.Jpeg:
 case ImageEncodingFormat.JpegXr:
 return ".jpeg";
 case ImageEncodingFormat.Png:
 return ".png";
 default:
 throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("imageEncodingFormat");
 }
 }
 public static string ToDisplayName(this ImageEncodingFormat imageEncodingFormat)
 {
 switch (imageEncodingFormat)
 {
 case ImageEncodingFormat.Jpeg:
 return "JPEG";
 case ImageEncodingFormat.JpegXr:
 return "JPEG XR";
 case ImageEncodingFormat.Png:
 return "PNG";
 default:
 throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("imageEncodingFormat");
 }
 }
 }
}
To further encapsulate the UI display logic for the image format encodings, I've decided to create an ImageEncodingDisplay view model class. Create a new folder named ViewModels within the main project. Next, create a new C# class file named ImageEncodingDisplay. Then add a Format ImageEncodingFormat Type property to the ImageEncodingDisplay. Next, add FileExtension and Name read-only properties to the class that use the ToFileExtension and ToDisplayName ImageEncodingFormat extension methods, respectively. Last, add an ImageEncodingDisplay constructor that accepts an ImageEncodingFormat argument that sets the Format property. See Listing 2 for the full ImageEncodingDisplay class implementation.
Listing 2. The full ImageEncodingDisplay.cs class definition.
namespace VSMVideoCaptureDemo.ViewModels
{
 public class ImageEncodingDisplay
 {
 public string Name { get { return Format.ToDisplayName(); }}
 public string FileExtension { get { return Format.ToFileExtension(); } }
 public ImageEncodingFormat Format { get; set; }
 public ImageEncodingDisplay(ImageEncodingFormat format)
 {
 Format = format;
 }
 }
}
Now it's time to implement the UI for the application. Open up the MainPage.xaml file and copy the root Grid element from Listing 3 into your MainPage.xaml XAML markup file.
Listing 3. The MainPage.xaml UI XAML.
<Page
 x:Class="VSMVideoCaptureDemo.MainPage"
 xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 xmlns:local="using:VSMVideoCaptureDemo"
 xmlns:d="_URL_
 xmlns:mc="_URL_
 mc:Ignorable="d">
 <Grid Background="{StaticResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}">
 <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center">
 <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,10,0,0" Orientation="Horizontal">
 <TextBlock Margin="0,0,10,0">Image Encoding</TextBlock>
 <ComboBox Name="ImageEncodings" ItemsSource="{Binding}"
 DisplayMemberPath="Name" SelectedValuePath="Format"
 SelectionChanged="ImageEncodings_SelectionChanged"></ComboBox>
 </StackPanel>
 <CaptureElement Name="CaptureElem" Width="400" Height="600"></CaptureElement>
 <StackPanel Name="VideoPanel" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal">
 <Button Name="PreviewButton" Click="PreviewButton_Click">Preview</Button>
 <Button Name="TakePhotoButton" Click="TakePhotoButton_Click">Take Photo</Button>
 </StackPanel>
 </StackPanel>
 </Grid>
</Page>
The application's UI is very minimalist. The user has the ability to select an image-encoding format, and then they can preview their webcam via the CaptureElement and, finally, snap a photo via the TakePhotoButton.
Now it's time to tie everything together in the MainPage class. Open up the MainPage.xaml.cs class file and add the following using statements to the MainPage class:
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using VSMVideoCaptureDemo.ViewModels;
using Windows.Media.Capture;
using Windows.Media.MediaProperties;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.Storage.Pickers;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using Windows.UI.Popups;
Next, add a MediaCapture Type private member variable to the MainPage class:
private MediaCapture _mediaCapture;
Then add an ImageEncodingFormat Type private member variable:
private ImageEncodingFormat _imageEncodingFormat;
Next, in the OnNavigatedTo event, the ImageEncodings ComboBox is populated and the media capture is initialized:
protected async override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
{
 LoadImageEncodings();
 await InitializeMediaCapture();
}
The LoadImageEncodings method populates the ImageEncodings ComboBox by enumerating over the ImageEncodingFormat enum values and translating them to ImageEncodingDisplay objects. In addition, it sets the default image encoding to JPEG and stores the selected ImageEncodingFormat into the _imageEncodingFormat member variable:
private void LoadImageEncodings()
 {
 var imageEncodings = Enum.GetValues(typeof(ImageEncodingFormat));
 List<ImageEncodingDisplay> encodings = new List<ImageEncodingDisplay>();
 foreach (ImageEncodingFormat imageEncoding in imageEncodings)
 {
 encodings.Add(new ImageEncodingDisplay(imageEncoding));
 }
 ImageEncodings.ItemsSource = encodings;
 ImageEncodings.SelectedIndex = 0;
 _imageEncodingFormat = (ImageEncodingFormat)ImageEncodings.SelectedValue;
 }
The InitializeMediaCapture method initializes the _mediaCapture object to capture video only and subscribes the application to the Failed event:
private async Task InitializeMediaCapture()
 {
 _mediaCapture = new MediaCapture


Bursting the Bubble on Chewing Gum
Bursting the Bubble on Chewing Gum
Chewing gum is a common habit for most, but what happens to gum once you are done chewing it?
Most gum is not disposed of properly, which is where the environmental problems begin. Whether it's stuck on a sidewalk or underneath a school desk, gum is usually left where it doesn't belong. It is believed that chewing gum is the 2nd most common form of litter after cigarette butts.
Chewing gum is not biodegradable because most are made from polymers, which are synthetic plastics. Gum will stay on surfaces forever if it is not removed manually, which can be costly and leave stains.
Not only does gum contribute to our landfills, but it is toxic to animals. Chewing gum can be mistaken for food and birds and other animals can die due to gum clogging their digestive systems. Gum can also end up in bodies of water, where fish consume the gum which creates toxins overtime.
Chewing gum disposal
Chewing Gum Disposal at The Palms at Town & Country
Weingarten Realty recognizes the importance of proper chewing gum disposal. At The Palms at Town & Country in Miami, FL, the property management team has taken action by placing chewing gum disposal units throughout the property. After noticing a lack of solutions, the team decided to design custom receptacles utilizing cigarette disposal canisters and decals that stated "Chewing Gum Disposal." Twenty stations were placed at the Palms at Town & Country in high traffic areas prone to gum stains. There have been great results and the sidewalks have remained gum free! Weingarten Realty strives to be a steward of the environment and we are committed to reducing chewing gum litter across our properties.
The best way to prevent these environmental issues is to dispose of chewing gum properly, whether that be a trashcan or a gum receptacle.
Be a responsible chewer!


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Disable Recursion on the DNS Server
Updated: October 7, 2009
Applies To: Windows Server 2008 R2
The following procedures provide instructions that you can use to disable recursion on a DNS server.
Recursion is a name-resolution technique in which a DNS server queries other DNS servers on behalf of the requesting client to fully resolve the name and then sends an answer back to the client. By default, the DNS server performs queries on behalf of DNS clients and DNS servers that have forwarded DNS client queries to it.
DNS servers that allow recursion are more vulnerable to denial of service attacks. If a DNS server is not intended to perform recursive queries, you can enhance security by disabling recursion on that server. You should only disable recursion on a DNS server if it is not used for name resolution, or it is only required to provide authoritative DNS responses. When you disable recursion on the DNS server, you cannot use server-level forwarders on the same server.
Warning
Do not disable recursion on a DNS server if it is used by other DNS servers for server-level forwarding, or if DNS client computers use it for name resolution.
Membership in the Administrators group, or equivalent, is the minimum required to complete this procedure. Review details about using the appropriate accounts and group memberships at Local and Domain Default Groups (_URL_
Disabling recursion on the DNS server
 - Using the Windows interface
 - Using a command line
To disable recursion on the DNS server using the Windows interface
 1. Click Start, click Run, type dnsmgmt.msc, and then press ENTER. The DNS Manager console will open.
 2. In the console tree, click the name of the DNS server you wish to configure.
 3. On the Action menu, click Properties.
 4. On the Advanced tab, under Server options, select the Disable recursion (also disables forwarders) check box, and then click OK.
To disable recursion on the DNS server using a command line
 1. Open an elevated command prompt.
 2. Type the following command, and then press ENTER:
 dnscmd <ServerName> /Config /NoRecursion {1|0}

Parameter Description
dnscmd
Specifies the name of the command-line tool for managing DNS servers.
<ServerName>
Specifies the DNS host name of the DNS server. You can also type the IP address of the DNS server. To specify the DNS server on the local computer, you can also type a period (.) or omit the host name.
/Config
Required. Specifies that the command configures the specified server.
/NoRecursion
Required. Disables recursion.
{1|0}
Required. To disable recursion, type 1 (off). To enable recursion, type 0 (on). By default, recursion is enabled.
Tip
To view the complete syntax for the dnscmd /Config command, type the following at a command prompt, and then press ENTER: dnscmd /Config /help.
See Also
Concepts
Checklist: Implementing a Secure DNS Configuration


text:
Parties are social events often involving a lot of activity and a lot of eating! Despite this, hypos may still occur when enormous amounts of energy are burnt up through games and excitement. Making sure your child gets enough carbohydrate (every three hours or so) to prevent hypos is the main concern.
Your child should be allowed to enjoy the foods offered at the party, including snack foods and birthday cake. Diet soft drinks or cordials can be provided for all the children to enjoy.
If you are not at the party, provide your host or another adult with simple instructions about hypo management and make sure that your child knows what to do if they have a hypo. It's also important to be aware that the extra activity at parties can lead to delayed hypos so extra supper may be needed.
Birthdays may seem to occur every week but they are not an everyday event and are important in the development of your child's social skills. So it's important to let your child join in and have fun!


Have You Been Charged with Arson?
Categories: General, Uncategorized
Charged with Arson
Arson is a crime in which a person deliberately causes damage to a building or other structure by setting it on fire or creating an explosion. Because fires often lead to significant damage, serious injuries, and loss of life, prosecutors pursue these cases zealously.
If you have been charged with arson, you already know there is a stigma attached to these crimes. Don't wait to call a lawyer.
Indiana Arson Law
In Indiana, a person can be found guilty of arson if he knowingly or intentionally damages a dwelling by means of fire, explosives, or a destructive device. In other words, you can't be convicted of arson if you set a fire by accident.
Arson is punishable as a felony, the seriousness of which depends on how much property is damaged, whether someone gets hurt in the fire, and whether anyone is killed due to the arson.
Arson as Insurance Fraud
In some situations, a person burns down their home or place of business to collect money from an insurance policy. This can make an arson case even more complicated, as the individual may also face charges for fraud, mischief, or other offenses.
According to the National Fire Protection Association, intentional fires occur with somewhat regular frequency. In a recent four-year span, for example, fire departments throughout the U.S. reported responding to 282,600 intentional fires. These fires led to 420 civilian fatalities, 1,360 injuries, and an overwhelming $1.3 billion in direct property damage. With such compelling numbers, it is easy to see why prosecutors take these cases so seriously.
Wrongly Accused of Arson
Being accused of arson can cause irrevocable damage to a person's reputation. Unfortunately, insurance companies are sometimes quick to jump to conclusions when a homeowner or business owner experiences loss due to a fire. If you have lost your home or your business to fire, it is devastating to be accused of arson on top of it.
A recent story out of New York shows how a false arson charge can cause irreparable damage to an individual's life. In 2015, three men were exonerated for the crime of setting an apartment fire that took the lives of a mother and her five children. The alleged crime took place in 1980, which meant the men served more than 30 years in prison. The only witness to the crime was a drug dealer who was later discredited. Tragically, one man died in prison.
If you have been falsely charged with arson, you are likely feeling a strong mix of emotions that include anger and helplessness. But you are not helpless. There is help for your case. Call Razumich Law, P.C. today at _PHONE_ for a free consultation.


4
\$\begingroup\$
The problem I want to solve is very simple:
Given a string s and a string t, check if s is subsequence of t. there is only lower case English letters in both s and t. t is potentially a very long (length ~= 500,000) string, and s is a short string (<=100).
Example 1: s = "abc", t = "ahbgdc" Return true.
Example 2: s = "axc", t = "ahbgdc" Return false.
I only learnt C++ for about 30 hours, so I am not sure whether my below solution is correct C++ style or not, especially when to free the pointer allocated space. I assigned two char pointer to each string and I do know I need to free them somewhere else. Since the return value depends on pointer, I don't know where to free the pointer allocated memory, which should be a big deal.
What I thought about this question is that there must be two pointers, each pointing one string. For these two strings, using pointers to compare character one by one.
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
class Solution {
public:
bool isSubsequence(string s, string t) {
 char *sPtr = new char[s.size() + 1];
 char *tPtr = new char[t.size() + 1];
 bool returnVal = false;
 strcpy(sPtr, s.c_str());
 strcpy(tPtr, t.c_str());
 while (*sPtr && *tPtr){
 if (*sPtr == *tPtr++) {
 sPtr++;
 }
 }
 return !*sPtr;
 }
};
int main() {
 string s = "abc";
 string t = "ahbgdc";
 Solution sol = Solution();
 cout << sol.isSubsequence(s, t)<<endl;
 return 0;
}
After I talked to one of classmates, he suggests that to include and use c++ string class to do this question. Following is my solution followed his suggestion, but for my above solution, he just said "I don't know dude, I just use c++ string class, that's simple. Your solution is just weird to me but I don't know why I feel weird."
class Solution {
public:
 bool isSubsequence(string s, string t) {
 int sIndex = 0;
 int tIndex = 0;
 while (sIndex < s.size() && tIndex < t.size()) {
 if (s[sIndex] == t[tIndex++]) {
 sIndex++;
 }
 }
 return sIndex >= s.size();
 }
};
\$\endgroup\$
 - \$\begingroup\$ Subsequence of contiguous subsequence? Your example does not clarify that. Is "adf" a subsequence of "abcdef"? \$\endgroup\$ – einpoklum Feb 18 at 23:05
2
\$\begingroup\$
Let's start with your solution, it feels weird, because it is. You mixed C and C++, and on top of that you even refuted back to C string syntax and pointer arithmetic. Especially in plain C, string handling is rather easy to break, even more so if the string didn't come from C to begin with.
In fact, your implementation does not behave correctly in all situations. An std::string can also contain null-bytes '\0' as regular characters. The very same null bytes which double as sentinels when attempting to interpret as a C string.
Well, the assignment did guarantee you that only latin characters would appear in either input, ruling this case out. It's still a possibility you should be aware of though.
char *sPtr = new char[s.size() + 1];
sPtr++;
This is a huge problem. Even if you wanted to delete that char[] again, you wouldn't be able to. You just threw away your only reference you had.
If you would call delete[] sPtr; now, your application would just crash or worse, because you must call delete on the same pointer as returned by new.
Even if you were to write this in C, you must always keep a pointer to the base address of the dynamically allocated memory region, or you won't be able to free the memory again.
Even though it wouldn't had been necessary to allocate a new char[] anyway. As you don't modify the data, but only the pointer, you could just have said char const *sPtr = s.c_str(); in which case you wouldn't have needed to deal with memory allocation at all.
Your classmates solution is better, but not perfect. While he realized that you can just access an std::string as if it was an array, and avoided the handling of '\0', going via indexes is usually not the preferred solution in C++. It's just far too easy to introduce an off-by-one error when doing that.
The solution to that is simple, rather than going by plain array indexes, stick to iterators when dealing with C++ code:
class Solution {
 using std::string;
public:
 bool isSubsequence(const string &s, const string &t) {
 string::iterator s_it = s.begin();
 for (string::iterator t_it = t.begin(); s_it != s.end() && t_it != t.end(); ++t_it) {
 if (*s_it == *t_it) {
 ++s_it;
 }
 }
 return s_it == s.end();
 }
};
Another benefit of working with iterators rather than array indexes is that this solution also works with other collection types, not just strings or similar array backed structures.
In this case, I e.g. only used the properties of an InputIterator which makes the very same algorithm applicable to a wide range of data structures, including not only std::string, std::vector or std::list, but if required even input streams and alike.
If you like to, you can try to rewrite the solution so that instead of expecting for t to be passed as a string, it just accepts an arbitrary pair of iterators replacing t.begin() and t.end(). These may e.g. be obtained from std::cin or an open file handle. Have a look at the documentation of std::istream_iterator for that.
|improve this answer|||||
\$\endgroup\$
9
\$\begingroup\$
using namespace std is considered bad practice. Also, in C++, you should #include <string> rather than #include <string.h>.
The Solution class is an unnecessary complication. You would be better off with just an isSubsequence() function.
In your first function, returnVal is never used. Compiling with warnings enabled should alert you to the dead code.
The memory management rule is simple: every new must be paired with exactly one delete, and every new something[] must be paired with exactly one delete[]. Since the first solution calls new[] twice with no delete[], you have a memory leak. Your friend is right: you should take advantage of the string class, because the whole point of the string class is to take care of memory management for you. The second solution is definitely better.
The function signature is not ideal. Having string parameters will cause each string to be needlessly copied when the function is called. You should write instead:
bool isSubsequence(const std::string &s, const std::string &t) {
 …
}
std::string::size() returns std::string::size_type, so strictly speaking, you should use std::string::size_type instead of int. (Or, if using , just use auto.)
|improve this answer|||||
\$\endgroup\$
 - \$\begingroup\$ Probably worth noting that although the solution is weird for C++, it isn't that weird for C (well, mixing strings and a memory leak such and such is kind of weird, but I would expect to see an approach similar to his). Illustrates how the two languages can be very different. \$\endgroup\$ – Dair Oct 23 '16 at 4:25
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text:
IPRotate is a tool used for Burp Suite which uses AWS API Gateway to change your IP on every request. This extension allows you to easily spin up API Gateways across multiple regions.
All the Burp Suite traffic for the targeted host is then routed through the API Gateway endpoints which causes the IP to be different on each request. (There is a chance for recycling of IPs but this is pretty low and the more regions you use the less of a chance.)
This is useful to bypass different kinds of IP blocking like bruteforce protection that blocks based on IP, API rate limiting based on IP or WAF blocking based on IP etc.
- Setup Jython in Burp Suite
- Install the boto3 module for Python 2
pip install boto3
- Ensure you have a set of AWS keys that have full access to the API Gateway service. This is available through the free tier of AWS.
- Insert the credentials into the fields.
- Insert the target domain you wish to target.
- Select HTTPS if the domain is hosted over HTTPS.
- Select all the regions you want to use.(The more you use the larger the IP pool will be)
- Click "Enable".
- Once you are done ensure you click disable to delete all the resources which were started.
If you want to check on the resources and enpoints that were started or any potential errors you can look at the output console in Burp.
The Burp UI
Make sure you have Jython installed and add IPRotate.py through the Burp Extension options.


text:
LEARNZ kaiārahi Jamie invites teachers to explore Matariki in the classroom.
In 2022, Matariki will become a national holiday in Aotearoa for the first time. This is an interesting and exciting time to engage ākonga in learning about place and time in Aotearoa through te ao Māori. Matariki offers a unique context for learning and teaching kaitiakitanga and whakawhanaungatanga through shared learning experiences. This is also an opportunity to explore ideas and engage whānau and community in project-based learning. Matariki covers all learning areas, curriculum strands, and levels. Have fun sharing cultural understandings based on the stories and science of stars.
Tātai Arorangi is the astronomical knowledge that traditionally informed many aspects of daily life. This knowledge provides educators with insights and understandings about the world and universe around us and the impact that changes in seasons can have on people.
Select the soundbite below to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua share some of his astronomical knowledge about the creation of the universe. You can see this knowledge reflected in a wharenui, like the inside of Te Rau Karamu marae (pictured below).
Image: Inside the wharenui–Te Rau Karamu Marae by LEARNZ.
Astronomy and beyond
Many stars and constellations have different names, spelling, or pronunciation based on local iwi interpretation. Planets and moon phases also have different names based on seasons and relative position to the horizon. Local understanding is an important part of the story-telling.
Image: Dr Rangi Matamua measuring the position of the Matariki star cluster ©Living by the Stars
Select the soundbite to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua describes the connection between stars and our environment.
Matariki disappears with the sun in the early evening of May (Haratua) during the Tangaroa phase of the moon, which marks the end of the Māori year.
The specific day that becomes a Matariki holiday is calculated using the maramataka (the Māori lunar stellar calendar). It will be the closest Friday to the first new moon after Matariki rises.
The time of celebration takes place during the last quarter of the waning moon before the dark moon (whiro) followed by the new moon in Pipiri (June/July). The time of celebration takes place between Tangaroa and Mutuwhenua which is the most productive period of the lunar phase.
Generations have looked up and observed celestial patterns and cycles and noticed corresponding activity on earth over seasons and lifetimes. Matariki learning has the potential to engage curious students with ancient, useful wisdom. Engaging students in star gazing can include iwi, community and whānau. This can include activities which launch local events, partnerships and local media stories.
Image: Matariki at dawn, ©Living by the Stars
Select the soundbite to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua explain how and why Māori lunar calendar systems are different all around Aotearoa.
Individual stars within the Matariki constellation can be observed, with a sharp eye or telescope.
When Tipuānuku is bright the gardens will produce good crops, and if it is dull and hazy the garden will not be as good as the previous year.
Pōhutukawa and Hiwa-i-te-rangi
Pōhutakawa and Hiwa-i-te-rangi are significant for non-environmental reasons. When Pōhutakawa is bright and clear, there will be fewer deaths within the community. When Hiwa-i-te-rangi is bright during Matariki, wishes are more likely to come true.
The appearance of each star can determine a combination of possibilities. The ability to compare star appearances takes a lifetime.
The study of Matariki can become a cross-curriculum programme of learning which covers social sciences, te reo, mātauranga Māori, English, maths, art, and science. It provides an opportunity for project-based learning and individual or group research projects.
Matariki is also a good time to consider seasonal energy peaks and troughs for optimising student learning. Winter is a time of low energy and a good time for reflection and discussion. Build unit and lesson plans to reflect seasonal energy which is consistent with environmental practises and lunar phases.
Recognising our susceptibility to seasonal and lunar energy fluxes is a good starting point in developing reflective ako – teaching and learning practises – in the classroom. You may need a calendar that includes lunar phases to track lunar cycles and corresponding emotional and physical energy. Low or high energy days can be understood as part of a mitigation strategy. Ākonga can reflect on their own peaks and troughs in the same way.
Select the soundbite to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua explain how Te Māramataka can impact us and student learning.
The following activities can be developed or incorporated into lesson plans and units. There are additional resources on Te Kete Ipurangi (TKI).
Observe and record
Plan an early morning expedition to view Matariki (using LEOTC guidelines). Include iwi, hapū and whānau partnership and discussions.
Create a seasonal diary, recording observations during the day and night. Encourage ākonga to notice changes in plants, animals, weather, people, including their own energy, mood, feelings, appetite, and activities. This could be a written, pictorial, or video blog.
Describe and measure seasonal changes in weather, plant growth, beach cast seaweed, animal activity, changes in backyard and community gardens.
Compare and contrast lunar and solar calendars. Identify the lunar phase each day and observe daily changes as a way of understanding lunar stellar cycles.
Plan, create and share a meal together
Create karakia, waiata, haka, song, story, play, poem, art of any kind about Matariki
Make a two or three-dimensional representation of Matariki using natural materials like flax, seaweed, seeds, and branches.
Mātauranga Māori stories and science including creation legends and how the stories of Matariki relate; Te Kore, Te Pō, and Te Ao Mārama.
Local stories and stories about Matariki from other cultures including origin stories and whakapapa from the cultures of your ākonga
Different ways of measuring time, including lunar stellar calendars
Birthdays on other planets e.g Earth years compared to Mars years – age 10 on Earth = age 18 on Mars
Other constellations – stories and science
Māori creation pūrākau to understand the science in the metaphors.
Join Professor Rangi Matamua as he shares with us extensive knowledge around Māori astronomy and how we can all Live by The Stars.
Matariki Te Whetū o te Tau | Dr Rangi Matamua and Living by the Stars & CORE Education
Learn about Matariki with Dr Rangi Matamua from Living by the Stars. This online seminar was broadcast on 29 June 2021 by CORE Education
Living by the stars - Facebook page includes video updates
Waiata and lyrics
Instructional Series: search Matariki
English medium literacy instructional series showcasing Matariki resources and activities.
New Zealand History, Matariki
Matariki information and teaching activities.
NZ curriculum online - Matariki
General information about Matariki.
Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand
A story about Matariki.
Te Papa Tongarewa, Matariki: Te Tau Hou Māori
A collection of resources about the Māori New Year and the maramataka.


Description: _URL_
From Azure Infrastructure as Code by Henry Been, Eduard Keilholz, and Erwin Staal
This is an excerpt from chapter 6, which starts with introducing the Bicep language, a new and improved IaC language for a Azure. This snippet is the next section of the chapter, which lists the benefits of Bicep over ARM Templates.
Let's jump into using Bicep templates to improve ARM template syntax!
Take 35% off Azure Infrastructure as Code by entering fccbeen into the discount code box at checkout at manning.com.
Bicep templates are a good approach to alleviating issues with ARM templates. Apart from addressing the downsides of the existing ARM template syntax, Bicep templates also come with other improvements. Let's have a look!
Referencing resources, parameters, and variables
One of these improvements is in referencing other resources and fetching their properties. To see the difference, let's first revisit referencing a property using an ARM Template.

 [listKeys(resourceId('Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts',
 [CA] parameters('storageAccountName')), 2019-04-01').key1]"

Remember how you first had to build the full resourceId for the function using its type and name? With Bicep, no more for resources that are declared in the same template. Now you can use the reference-name for the resource you saw earlier and directly access any of its properties, like this:

 listKeys(myStorageAccount.id, '2019-04-01').key1

Here you see that the listKeys(...) function is called again using two parameters. But instead of using two functions, you can directly reference the resource using its reference-name and then fetch its property id. This yields the same result as building that id manually using the resourceId(...) function. Just comparing these two code examples shows the improvement to readability.
Referencing parameters and variables works the same way as referencing a resource. If you want to refer to a parameter for setting a value, you can use it directly like this:

 Parameter storageAccountName string

 resource myStorageAccount '_URL_ protected]' = {
 name: storageAccountName
 ...
 }

This example declares a Storage Account. The Storage Account name is not specified as a literal but references the value of the parameter storageAccountName. One thing to note is that parameters, variables, and resources share a single namespace. Sharing a namespace means that you cannot use the same name for a parameter, variable, or resource – all names have to be unique.
The single exception are outputs. Outputs can have the same name as parameters, variables, or resources. This allows you to do something like this:

 var storageAccountName = 'myStorageAccount'

 resource myStorageAccount 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts
 [CA] @2020-08-01-preview' = {
 name: storageAccountName
 location: resourceGroup().location
 kind: 'StorageV2'
 sku: {
 name: 'Premium_LRS'
 tier: 'Premium'
 }
 }

 output storageAccountName string = storageAccountName

In this example, you see a typical scenario where a resource's name is generated using a variable value and returned as an output. Reusing the same name for the variable and the output allows for better readability over using different names for precisely the same thing.
Using References in variables and outputs
In ARM Templates, it is impossible to use the reference(...) function in variables. The reason is that ARM calculates variable values deploying any resource, and in that stage it cannot evaluate the reference(...) function. In Bicep template, this problem does no longer exists. To see why, take a look at the following Bicep template:

 resource myStorageAccount 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts
 [CA] @2020-08-01-preview' = {
 name: 'myStorageAccount'
 location: resourceGroup().location
 kind: 'StorageV2'
 sku: {
 name: 'Premium_LRS'
 tier: 'Premium'
 }
 }

 var storageAccountName = myStorageAccount.name
 var accessTier = myStorageAccount.properties.accessTier

 output message string = '${storageAccountName} with tier ${accessTier}'

In both variables in the example above, a storage account is referenced. Here the Bicep transpiler does something clever. Instead of leaving these variables in and using the variable value in the output, it completely removes the variable. Instead, it copies the complete expression that yields the parameters result into the output. Like this:

 {
 "$schema": "_URL_
 [CA] 2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
 "variables": {
 "storageAccountName": "myStorageAccount"
 },
 "resources": [
 {
 "type": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
 ...
 }
 ],
 "outputs": {
 "message": {
 "type": "string",
 "value": "[format('{0} was deployed with accessTier {1}',
 [CA] variables('storageAccountName'), reference(resourceId('Microsoft.
 [CA] Storage/storageAccounts', 'myStorageAccount')).accessTier)]"
 }
 }
 }

In the example above, you can see how the output's value is built up without using the variable accessTier. Instead, the reference(...) function moves into the output's value calculation, where it works.
Referencing existing resources
When you want to reference an existing resource on multiple occasions, you can repeatedly use the reference(...) function. But as a better alternative, you can also make that resource available in your template under a reference-name. To do this, you can use the existing keyword as follows:

 resource existingStorageAccount 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts
 [CA] @2020-08-01-preview' = existing { #A
 name: 'preexistingstorageaccountname'
 }

#A The existing keyword indicates a pre-existing resource that should not be created using this template.
This example does not declare a new resource at all, but instead, it only builds a reference to an existing resource with the provided name. Please note that when you deploy this Bicep template, and the resource does not exist yet at that time, the deployment will result in an error.
Dependency management
Yet another improvement with the arrival of Bicep is the removal of having to declare dependencies. As you may be aware, you are required to declare all dependencies between your resources, even if they are already implicitly declared through a parent-child relationship.
With Bicep, this is not needed anymore. When you transpile a Bicep file to an ARM template, all implicit dependencies are automatically detected, and the correct dependsOn declarations automatically are generated. Implicit dependencies are parent-child relations and resources that reference each other. For example, when your App Settings reference a Storage Account to store its key as a setting, no more need to declare dependencies manually.
If you want to control the order of resource deployments, and there is no implicit dependency, you can still declare your own dependencies using the dependsOn property. The dependsOn property still works precisely the same as in ARM templates.
String interpolation
Another nuisance when building larger ARM templates is the lack of built-in support for string interpolation. String interpolation is a technique used for building text strings out of literals, parameters, variables, and expressions. For example, take a look at the following common approach for generating names for resources based on the environment name.

 "parameters": {
 "environmentName": {
 "type": "string",
 "allowed": [ "dev", "tst", "prd" ]
 }
 },
 "variables": {
 "mainStorageAccountName": "[concat('stor', parameters('environmentName'),
 [CA] 'main')]",
 "otherStorageAccountName": "[concat('stor', parameters('environmentName'),
 [CA] 'other')]",
 "somethingWebAppName": "[concat('webappp', parameters('environmentName'),
 [CA] 'something')]"
 },

While the above works quite well, it takes a few seconds to "calculate" the actual resource name in your mind when reading the template. And that's for this relatively simple example. Just imagine how that would work when listing tens of resources.
In Bicep templates, it is no longer necessary to use the concat(...) function for concatenating values. Instead, you can use ${...} syntax anywhere within a string literal, and the value between the curly braces is automatically interpreted as an expression. Here is an example.

 param environmentName string {
 allowed: [ 'dev', '