text:
FOR: LightWave 3D 9.5
TIME TAKEN : Three hours
TOPICS COVERED : Setting bones to move geometry | Setting up bones to mirror movements | Arm animation | Full body animation
DOWNLOAD: Full-sized screenshots and scene files (ZIP, 32.7MB)
How to use this tutorial
Pause at a timecode, read the overview of the next section of the video, then play the footage. Please note that these screen-capture videos do not have narration.
Rigging the upper arm
The biggest issue you'll encounter when making a transforming robot is the sheer complexity of it. This section of the tutorial will break down the rigging process into more bite-sized chunks. In this case, you will be rigging the upper arms only, so that we can go into detail on the methods involved in rigging the parts. During the rigging, you will also be implementing a tool called 'Follower' to help speed up animation.
There is a main concept that is important to any transforming robot: a base skeleton. Remember, it's just a humanoid form trying to get out of its shell. Even with all the nurnies and parts that will be shifting around, it is always good to have a standard skeleton folded up in the mix. The position of each skeleton piece should be evenly distributed so that each section gets just about the same volume of metal from your vehicle. This is important to plan out, since you don't want too many or too few extra parts at the end of your transformation.
For a humanoid, there are about 15 skeleton pieces that require your vehicle parts to cover them. These include the feet, lower legs, upper legs, pelvis, spine sections, chest, upper arms, lower arms and hands. The head is usually not made up of any of the vehicle's geometry, but should be textured similarly, to give the illusion that it came from the same material. After you set up the base skeleton, you can parent the pieces to be children of their closest skeleton bone. The upper arms on the train, for instance, use a cylindrical section of parts near the centre of the train. As explained before, this video focuses on the process of rigging the upper arms (both left and right).
After loading the start scene with the train inside, it's time to isolate geometry. I have created an object that only contains the pieces that will be included in the transformation of the upper arms. It's best to simplify things this way, as it can become overwhelming once you add a bone for every part of the train. A second advantage of an object with isolated geometry is the fact that it will be considerably faster than all of the polygons at once. In LightWave 3D, you can replace an object via Item > Replace > With Object.
Add your base bone
Add a bone by clicking on Setup tab > Bone. This bone will be the base upper arm bone. I name it in all-capitals just to remind me that it's an important base bone, which will be the parent of all the moving parts. It's very important to add an 'rt' or 'lt' at the end of every piece to signify whether it is on the right or left side.
The next step is to place the bone close to all of its parts, so the parts don't have very long to travel to get to their destination position. Press the [P] key to access the bone's properties and set Strength to 0. Base bones do not require any strength, as they will be the parent of every piece. After placing the base bone, I changed its colour to red in the Scene Editor [Ctrl]+[F1]. It's optional, but a noticeable colour helps signify the bone's importance.
Start to add bones to each individual piece of the robot. Take care to keep naming conventions consistent
Add kibble bones
Oddly, this section has nothing to do with dogs. Kibble is a Transformers fandom design term: it refers to any part that doesn't seem to have a purpose on the robot in its humanoid form, but exists because it was a part of the original vehicle. One of the best examples of this is the car doors that appear on Bumblebee's back in the Transformers movies. I take a slightly inaccurate approach and refer to every moving part as kibble, not just the odd parts.
Start by adding a Child Bone of UPPER_ARM_RT: name it uparmkib01_rt. Naming pieces on a transforming robot can get a little confusing, since you can't make up a name that perfectly describes the piece that the bone moves. Sometimes you can find a particular order in which to name them; sometimes you'll just have to pick a random part to be 'upper arm piece #15.' After naming your first kibble bone, set its Strength to 100% and select its Bone Weight Map from the (rather long) list. These Weight Maps were pre-made in Modeler.
After giving the bone the correct Bone Weight Map, it is time to see exactly which piece of geometry it influences. Press the [R] key to rest the bone. Now, as you move the bone, you will see the geometry move as well. If your bone is not close to the piece, unrest it with [Ctrl]+[R] move it to the centre of the piece and re-rest it with [R] again. It's also a good idea to keep the length of the bone (Rest Length) similar to the size of the kibble geometry. Now you have successfully rigged the first piece. There are plenty to go… The cloning technique shown in the video will help to speed up the process.
Finish the right side of the rig by adding bones to the wheel section. Use a master bone to control the section
Move pieces inside
The process for adding bones to control the pieces is similar to what you did for the first kibble bone – so it's basically time to be tedious and repeat the previous step a few more times. The wheel and coupling rod should also be rigged during this process, as they are also considered kibble.
At this point, you probably have noticed that there are weird floating pieces on the side of the wheels. These pieces are meant to go inside the shell of the train, between the wheels. Why are they on the outside? It is much simpler to model and rig them this way. Can you imagine trying to select parts if they were all bunched up together in a big clump? Not fun. So let's rig that bunch so it can be put inside.
It's a good idea to create a master bone for this bunch, so it can be moved as a whole. Start by making a bone in the middle of the wheel-like part. This serves as the top of the hierarchy, so all other bones added for the bunch should be a child of this bone. Repeat until each part has been rigged. After you finish rigging the last piece of the right side, it's time to handle the left…
Mirror a hierarchy of bones and edit its labels so that the left-hand side matches the right
Mirror the hierarchy
Rigging the left-hand side is be much less painful than the work you did on the right. You can simply mirror the bones you've created so that you have the same hierarchy on the left. Start by selecting the UPPER_ARM_RT bone. Go to Setup tab > Mirror Hierarchy, or press [Ctrl]+[W].
If you've never used this tool before, it mirrors the bone you have selected and all of its children along the X axis. But that's not all… Using the drop-down menus for Replace this string and With this string, you can replace any occurrence of 'rt' in the names with 'lt'. This will automatically rename the bones on the left side with an appropriate 'lt' suffix. Even better than that is the fact that the new bones will use Weight Maps with an 'lt' instead of their original 'rt'.
When I used this tool, an odd glitch occurred after I mirrored the hierarchy, which seemed to offset the base bone by a random position. After clicking on several different bones, the position seemed to correct itself.
Set up Follower to mirror animation
The final step in rigging the upper arms is to set up a Follower modifier on all of the kibble on the left-hand side. When set up correctly, the left-hand kibble will mimic the movement of its right-hand counterpart as you animate the latter. This is extremely useful for the animation process, since it cuts time in half.
Click on the first kibble bone of the left-hand side (uparmkib01a_lt). Enter Motion Options for the item by clicking on Setup tab > Motion Options. (You can also press [M].) Click Add Modifier and select Follower from the list. This tool sets all the Position, Rotation and Scale channels of your item to follow another item. Select uparmkib01a_rt from the Item To Follow drop-down menu.
By default, your bone will follow all channels exactly. But to get correct results, you want to have the movement mirrored along the X axis. This is a simple matter of multiplying X Position by -1 instead of the default 1. Set the Multiply by values of Heading Angle and Bank Angle to -1 as well. This will allow mirrored rotation as well as positioning.
Select Continue and right-click Follower to make a copy of it. Select the next lt bone and paste Follower in its Motion Options. Now the only thing you need to change is Item To Follow. Repeat this workflow until all of the kibble bones on the left side have Follower applied to their motion. It is always a good idea to check your bones while you work to make sure they are moving


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Controlling runaway apps using pm2
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This video shows how to enable features in your pm2 config file that allow you to prevent runaway apps from bringing your server down. Setting max memory used, number of running processes allowed and maximum restart attempts are all covered.
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This video shows how to enable features in your pm2 config file that allow you to prevent runaway apps from bringing your server down. Setting max memory used, number of running processes allowed and maximum restart attempts are all covered.
There are three other options I want to cover real quickly before we wrap this up, and they're done inside the config file again.
The first one I want to cover is the instances object. What instances will do is spin up the number of processes defined here. If we set this to zero, PM2 is going to spin up one process for every CPU you have in your system.
If you want a little finer control of that, you can put in two, four, six, seven, whatever number you'd like to see as far as the number of running processes. The reason the instances option is so cool is because it allows you to do rolling restarts, and graceful reloads of your app.
In the event that you deploy code and issue a reload command to PM2, what's going to happen is it's not going to kill any active connections.
As those connections close or go away, it will stop them and bring up new processes that contain your new code. What essentially happens there is that anyone who's currently using your website during that reload command won't be disconnected.
Their session will stay, and they'll be allowed to finish whatever operation they were on without having their process killed. This creates a much more professional experience for your users.
Another cool option that may be handy for you in times of desperate need is the max memory restart. You can use this...let's say that you've been profiling your note app, and you've noticed that if you get above eight gig of memory utilization, your app starts behaving very sporadic and is prone to crash. What you can actually tell PM2 to do is just when you get to eight gig of memory utilization, to go ahead and restart your app.
Clearly, this isn't something that you want to depend on, or it doesn't...you don't want this to be your everyday running configuration. If you've got a bug that you just haven't been able to find, and you've got to keep your site up for your customers, this is going to help you out.
The last one we'll cover is max restarts, which is probably a good one to use in combination with max memory restart. What this will do is tell PM2 to only restart your app the number of times listed here, for our example, 10 times.
After 10 times, if your app crashes, PM2 is going to bring that down or it's going to leave it in erred state and it won't attempt to restart it until you stop and restart the entire PM2 process.
This is just like a safety valve, and it's going to keep a rogue app on your system from consuming all your system resources by continually restarting. When it hits that max number, PM2 will just let it die and save your system until you can come in and manually intervene.
The last thing I have to say about this, is we've built out multiple apps suing a configuration file. We've learned how to define each one differently so that each one can have its own unique characteristics.
The coolest thing about all of this is we've done this inside of the config file, and that config file can now be added to your repo, where it gets all the benefits of source control, version control, and it can be managed as code with the rest of your code base.
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Dependencies among Models
Although it might not be obvious at a first glance, there are several dependencies among certain models. It is worthwhile to have knowledge about these issues before you start making own models, because it helps with resource planning and prevents expensive problems later.
We'll describe several typical kinds of dependencies, considering the example of the Cafu DeathMatch MOD: In the Cafu DeathMatch MOD, mutual dependencies affect the human player models and their weapons.
First, lets deal with all "other" models, i.e. those that are neither player nor weapon models: Usually, these other models are not closely related to each other, each of them has a separate piece of game code associated that handles it, and thus they do not suffer from any inherent dependency problems.
Human player models
Human player models are special, because they are usually intended to be 100% equivalent to each other. That is, if somebody makes a new human player model and offers it for download, you expect it to work exactly like the ones that you already know. In order to achieve this kind of equivalence, two assumptions must hold: The skeleton of the new models must basically match the skeleton of the old models, and the animation sequence numbers must refer to reasonably identical animations.
The animation sequences must match, because the game code has built-in knowledge that, for example, sequence number 3 refers to an "idle (waiting)" animation, and that sequence number 27 refers to an "aiming with a shotgun" animation. It is entirely up to you to animate your model to look at his wrist watch while aiming with the shotgun, or to pick his nose, but it is important that sequence number 27 corresponds to some "aiming with a shotgun" animation – because the same is true for all other models, and the game code relies on it.
The skeletons must also match, for similar reasons: At least the basic hierarchical structure (starting from the pelvis to the most important bones) must be identical, as well as the names(!) of the corresponding bones. However, you are free to add bones to the skeleton as you like, change their sizes or lengths, change their positions relative to each other, and do many other interesting things. You may even omit bones if you want to create a one-armed, one-legged hero. What works and what works not is easiest determined by trying it out, but please do also refer to the next part about weapons.
Weapons do usually come as a set of three models: "world" models, "player" models, and "view" models.
World models are the models that lie around in the world, before someone picked them up. They are usually not animated (or only have a single animation sequence), are independent from anything else, and are therefore in the same category as the "all others" models, so that we need not be further concerned about them.
Player models are the weapons that you see in the hands of other players who have picked up and are using that weapon. For the following discussion, we'll refer to the "player" weapon model as the "_p" model, and to the character model of a human player as the "body" model.
First, if you consider the skeleton of a _p model in the Model Editor, you will find that it resembles a partial body model (the bones from the pelvis to the shooting arm are there!), before it diverges into additional bones for the actual weapon.
Here is the crucial point: In order for the engine to compute the proper position of the _p model relative to the body model, it (partially) has to match the skeletons of both models! That is, it first computes the skeleton of the body model (depending on its current animation pose). Then it considers the skeleton of the _p model, starting at its root, and tries to match it bone-by-bone to the previously computed body skeleton. If a match was found, the engine simply takes the information from the body model bone also for the _p model bone. Only when the matching breaks for the first time, the engine resumes normal bone computing also for the _p model. (This way you can for example see a face-hugger in the hands of another player that is wagging it's tail.) Matches are made by comparing the names of the concerned bones.
As a consequence, if you want to make additional body models for the DeathMatch MOD, and additional weapons, and you want to be able to combine each body model with each weapon, then you have to make sure that they all have a corresponding skeletal structure and bone names!
View models are the models that you see in 1st persons view after you have picked up a weapon yourself. They are also independent from anything else, but the game has usually special code for handling them. Thus, you can well make a replacement weapon for e.g. the shotgun, matching the animation sequences of the existing "view" weapon model according to similar rules as indicated for making replacement human player models. You can also introduce entirely new weapon models, but be prepared that is requires to augment the game's C++ or script code as well.
Applicability to your own game
If you create an own game, things may or may not be different, of course. However, keep in mind that if you want to achieve a high degree of flexibility and ease of maintenance, you'll sooner or later probably experience the same rules and dependencies as described here. They are the – relatively cheap – price for the ability to combine every human player model with every weapon model.
modelling/dependenciesamongmodels.txt · Last modified: 2013-01-07 12:07 (external edit)


1. WeatherSpark.com
 2. Italy
 3. Emilia-Romagna
 4. Massa Finalese
 5. November
Average Weather in November in Massa Finalese Italy
Daily high temperatures decrease by 11°F, from 59°F to 48°F, rarely falling below 40°F or exceeding 65°F.
Daily low temperatures decrease by 9°F, from 46°F to 36°F, rarely falling below 28°F or exceeding 54°F.
For reference, on July 31, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Massa Finalese typically range from 67°F to 88°F, while on January 11, the coldest day of the year, they range from 31°F to 42°F.
Average High and Low Temperature in November
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on November. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.
Average Hourly Temperature in November
Average Hourly Temperature in November in Massa Finalese1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303012 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AMOctDecvery coldcoldcoolcomfortable
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands: frigid < 15°F < freezing < 32°F < very cold < 45°F < cold < 55°F < cool < 65°F < comfortable < 75°F < warm < 85°F < hot < 95°F < sweltering. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.
Clay City, Kentucky, United States (4,669 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Massa Finalese (view comparison).
Clouds
The month of November in Massa Finalese experiences gradually increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 49% to 55%.
The clearest day of the month is November 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 51% of the time.
For reference, on December 3, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 55%, while on July 21, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 78%.
Cloud Cover Categories in November
Cloud Cover Categories in November in Massa Finalese181522291122334455667788991010111112121313141415151616171718181919202021212222232324242525262627272828292930300%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%OctDecNov 151%Nov 151%Nov 3045%Nov 3045%Nov 1147%Nov 1147%Nov 2146%Nov 2146%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds: clear < 20% < mostly clear < 40% < partly cloudy < 60% < mostly cloudy < 80% < overcast.
Precipitation
A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Massa Finalese, the chance of a wet day over the course of November is decreasing, starting the month at 27% and ending it at 22%.
For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 29% on May 9, and its lowest chance is 16% on January 30.
Probability of Precipitation in November
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Rainfall
To show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.
The average sliding 31-day rainfall during November in Massa Finalese is decreasing, starting the month at 2.7 inches, when it rarely exceeds 4.5 inches or falls below 0.9 inches, and ending the month at 2.0 inches, when it rarely exceeds 3.9 inches or falls below 0.4 inches.
Average Monthly Rainfall in November
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average liquid-equivalent snowfall.
Sun
Over the course of November in Massa Finalese, the length of the day is rapidly decreasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day decreases by 1 hour, 6 minutes, implying an average daily decrease of 2 minutes, 17 seconds, and weekly decrease of 15 minutes, 56 seconds.
The shortest day of the month is November 30, with 9 hours, 5 minutes of daylight and the longest day is November 1, with 10 hours, 11 minutes of daylight.
Hours of Daylight and Twilight in November
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
The earliest sunrise of the month in Massa Finalese is 6:53 AM on November 1 and the latest sunrise is 38 minutes later at 7:31 AM on November 30.
The latest sunset is 5:03 PM on November 1 and the earliest sunset is 28 minutes earlier at 4:36 PM on November 30.
Daylight saving time is observed in Massa Finalese during 2018, but it neither starts nor ends during November, so the entire month is in standard time.
For reference, on June 21, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:28 AM and sets 15 hours, 36 minutes later, at 9:04 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:49 AM and sets 8 hours, 47 minutes later, at 4:36 PM.
Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight and Daylight Saving Time in November
Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight and Daylight Saving Time in November in Massa Finalese1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303012 AM2 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMOctDec6:53 AM6:53 AMNov 15:03 PMNov 15:03 PM7:31 AM7:31 AMNov 304:36 PMNov 304:36 PM7:06 AM7:06 AMNov 114:51 PMNov 114:51 PM7:20 AM7:20 AMNov 214:41 PMNov 214:41 PMSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day over the course of November. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.
Humidity
We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.
The chance that a given day will be muggy in Massa Finalese is essentially constant during November, remaining around 0% throughout.
For reference, on August 6, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 39% of the time, while on November 11, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.
Humidity Comfort Levels in November
Humidity Comfort Levels in November in Massa Finalese181522291122334455667788991010111112121313141415151616171718181919202021212222232324242525262627272828292930300%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%OctDecNov 10%Nov 10%Nov 300%Nov 300%Nov 110%Nov 110%Nov 210%Nov 210%humidhumidcomfortablecomfortabledrydrymuggymuggy
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point: dry < 55°F < comfortable < 60°F < humid < 65°F < muggy < 70°F < oppressive < 75°F < miserable.
Wind
This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.
The average hourly wind speed in Massa Finalese is essentially constant during November, remaining within 0.1 miles per hour of 5.9 miles per hour throughout.
For reference, on March 15, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.8 miles per hour, while on August 11, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 5.3 miles per hour.
The highest daily average wind speed during November is 5.9 miles per hour on November 19.
Average Wind Speed in November
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
The hourly average wind direction in Massa Finalese throughout November is predominantly from the east, with a peak proportion of 44% on November 1


text:
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C the name and address of the laboratory testing the sample. CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS EXAMPLE _____ Test Item Specification Results Appearance White to light yellow powder Conforms Deacetylation 85 – 95 901 Molecular weight kDa 250 – 300 Conforms pH 7 – 8 74 Ash content 20 071 Mesh sizesieve analysis 100 pass 80 mesh Conforms Loss on drying 10 64 Heavy Metals. Certificate of Analysis are manually created based on a standard template system or from another manufacturers Certificate of Analysis.
SRM 2581 is composed of paint collected from the interior surfaces of housing. A certificate of analysis is prepared for each batch of a substance or product and usually contains the following information. Powdered Paint Nominal Mass Fraction of 05 Lead This Standard Reference Material SRM is intended for use in the evaluation of methods and for the calibration of apparatus used to determine lead in paint.
52 Certificates for Registration Samples. 1 Gram Cannabinoid Test Results Cannabinoid analysis utilizing High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC QSP 5-4-4-4 Cannabinoid Summary Total THC Δ9THCTHCa Total. The document contains the actual results that are derived from the tests performed as part of the quality control of an individual batch of a product.
BIONICHE shall perform or cause to be performed certain tests requested by CUMBERLAND in writing and as indicated in the Specifications on each batch of the Drug Product manufactured pursuant to this Agreement before delivery to CUMBERLAND. When are Certificates of Analysis to be generated. A certificate of analysis is the most used certificate to certify the assurance of quality.
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Numeric rainbow and sun positioning changed a great deal in version 4 of Bryce. Use this tutorial only for Bryce 4. Bryce 3 users should refer to Peter Sharpe's Rainbows by Numbers.
Get the most out of Bryce 4's fractal terrains, including how to use the tiling feature and how to work around the gap problem.
Build a complex arch, where more than one material is applied to the same lattice arch object using ABC mode in the material lab.
A tutorial on using pictures in materials, in answer to an oft-asked question.
The Miracle Tree technique uses a pair of intersecting symmetrical lattice objects to make tree-like shapes.
The new tree tutorial involves symmetrical lattice objects, ABC mode in the material lab and the Deep Texture Editor. There is a sample branch to download for study.
Dragon Eyes and Alpha Channels is about how to use alpha channel transparency to create a glowing eye effect.
The Secret Texture Library is a quick tour of the Material Lab pointing out some features you may not have found yet. It also explains how to access the Texture Library and how it can be used to help you compose new materials.
The ABCs of Naturalistic Marbles discusses ABC mode in the material lab, specifically geared towards creating marbled stone materials.
The first of two parts on roads, the Flat Roads tutorial covers the creation of roads which parallel a given elevation along your Bryce terrains.
The second of two parts on roads, the Swooping Roads tutorial covers the creation of roads which can go over hills and through the valleys of your Bryce terrains.
Clipart and Bryce talks about using clipart as a source for creating Bryce objects with symmetrical lattices.
Yes, I've hidden the downloads way down here so you'd have to scroll past all the tutorials first. There aren't many now, we'll see how things go.
These are all in Bryce 4 format.
Voronoi Blue
Black White Marble
Bridgepaths Rock
Genie Bottle Glass
Gold Confetti
Mirror Mountain
Stone Wall


text:
Post-Tensioned Concrete - Tracks
When faced with extreme weather or poor soil conditions, traditional running track asphalt bases can have a tendency to heave, settle, or crack — all of which can affect your surface performance and safety.
The solution? A post-tensioned concrete substrate system. Renowned for long-term durability, our innovative technique involves encasing sheathed cables in a concrete slab, then stressing and locking those cables in place once the concrete sets. This creates a durable solution which leads to reduced repair and maintenance costs, often required with an asphalt base.
WITH POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE, YOU CAN:
- Span unstable soil
- Increase resistance to settling and heaving
- Provide a consistent slope for drainage
- Create a stable, aesthetic concrete edge
- Eliminate potential liability due to structural cracking
REMAINS DURABLE IN POOR SOIL CONDITIONS
If expansive soil starts to move, the concrete slab actually floats and performs independently due to constant cable compression.
The post-tensioned slab is kept in a constant state of compression, so it remains durable and stable during weather fluctuations and extreme conditions.
Reduces water holding areas and provides consistent slope allowing for a highly competitive surface.
MAKES USE OF EXISTING SITES
Reduces removal costs and potential unforeseen subgrade conditions.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
As the Evolang deadline approaches, Bart de Boer and Tessa Verhoef have announced a workshop on the evolution of signals, speech and sign which will take place just before the main conference. The deadline for papers to the workshop is October 10th.
We are looking for contributions that address the evolution of modern humans' abilities to produce, perceive and learn the extended range of (combinatorial) signals that form the physical basis of human language. Signals in our definition form the physically observable manifestation of language, and they can exist either in the articulatory-acoustic modality (speech) or in the gestural-visual modality (signs) and perhaps in other modalities.
The event is intended to be complementary to the main conference in the sense that we look for contributions that explicitly focus on future research. We therefore seek contributions that not only present research results, but that for example also explore possibilities of interaction between fields, that pose new research questions or that make an inventory of areas in which research may be lacking.


Life Expectancy of House Flies
Houseflies pass through four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The life expectancy of a housefly is generally 15 to 30 days and depends upon temperature and living conditions. Flies dwelling in warm homes and laboratories develop faster and live longer than their counterparts in the wild.
The housefly's brief life cycle allows them to multiply quickly if left uncontrolled. Houseflies are known to carry over 100 diseases, including tuberculosis and cholera. They transmit diseases both by feeding and by carrying pathogens on their feet and mouths. Contact your local pest control expert to discuss pest control solutions specifically tailored for your home.


Richard Dalton
The Farnese Hercules 1742
Artwork details
Richard Dalton 1715 or 20–1791
The Farnese Hercules
Date 1742
Medium Chalk on paper
Dimensions Support: 529 x 365 mm
Display caption
This drawing demonstrates the extremely fine line-work which can be achieved with red chalk. The thinness of the lines suggests that Dalton used a natural red chalk, since these tended to be harder than fabricated or synthetic red chalks. Dalton would probably have fastened a stick of red chalk into a holder and kept the point sharp with a knife. The darkest areas within the figure have been made by cross-hatching and drawing closely spaced narrow lines one on top of the other.
August 2004


text:
Effectively removing the moisture from the cellulose insulation is a key process in the production of Power and Distribution transformers and to ensuring the trouble-free operation of the transformer for years of service. Therefore quality of the drying of the insulating material is critical in meeting dielectric requirements and assuring trouble free service for users. Having understood that the amount of aging depend on the amount of moisture left in the cellulose insulation after manufacture , as the first manufacture in the region, the Low Frequency Heating (LFH) technology ( Hedrich Germany) was introduced to LTL's process recently. This LFH system comes with automatic Oil filling and pressure testing facility which increases the efficiency and accuracy of the process drastically.
LFH process heats the transformer HV and LV windings uniformly from the inside by applying a low frequency current at low voltage levels through the HV winding while the LV windings remain short circuited. The Vacuum level of the chamber is precisely controlled throughout the process while monitoring the winding resistance through which the temperature of the winding is estimated.
Advantages of LFH :
- Drying time is more than 75% shorter as with hot air process
- Provides short process time, 5 hours for 3 phase transformers up to 500 kVA and 6 hours for transformers up to 2000kVA
- LF process allows direct oil filling for the transformers after drying no waiting time like in Hot air process
- Save at least 90% of energy compared with hot air process
- Average of residual moisture of the paper insulation is much below 0.3%
- ZERO time delay between drying and oil filling
Core Cutting Machine :
The most important part of the transformer is the active part which comprises windings and magnetic cores.
The transformer core is made from high-quality, cold rolled grain oriented silicon steel laminations. LTL is having a fully automated, state of the art GORG core cutting line with the worlds' best technology for cutting of step lap cores coming from Germany. Step lap cores are having definite advantages over conventional cores.
Advantages of step lap cores :
- Reduce air gaps and prevent boundary areas from saturation.
- Reduce no-load current and no-load loss.
- Reduce the noise level
High Voltage Winding Machines :
In LTL, for High voltage windings, we are using winding machines from Tuboly-Astronic of Switzerland. These machines benefit from the latest technology and integrated systems to ensure for a smooth and ergonomically-optimized coiling process and an end-product that can save on costs. The coil winding process is fully automated on the wire winding machine from start to any programmed stopping point, which has vastly improved consistency of the wound wire and reduced the chances of coil impairment. The insulation between layers consists of thin strip insulation papers that give more compact winding design.


text:
ABSTRACT: It is well known that to improve the feeding of the students it would improve its health and wellbeing, contributing to the reduction of the risk of chronic diseases in adults. In Spain, this is especially important considering the data of prevalence of infantile obesity.
To know the number of users of school cafeterias in Spain as well as different considerations on its management, nutritional supervision and the number of special diets served to students with specific requirements due to pathologies or other causes.
The II national Survey has been realized on school cafeterias: 7,710 used daily by 678,587 users. They provide near the 2.8% of special diets (allergies 38.9%, other pathologies 23.2%, religious causes 26.7% causes and celiac disease 11.1%).
The numbers of prevalence of obesity and infantile overweight indicate that it is necessary to improve the diet of the students.
Nutricion hospitalaria: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Parenteral y Enteral 02/2012; 27(1):252-5. · 1.12 Impact Factor

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The 2016 IPMEN Conference is being hosted in Indonesia. Find out more.
The International Pacific Marine Educators Network (IPMEN) is a network of marine educators whose shared vision is to nurture a fuller understanding of the ocean's value, leading to informed, responsible and creative decisions that conserve and restore the integrity of the ocean's ecosystems in the Pacific. The mission of IPMEN is to foster collaborative relationships that will create the resources, programs, training and leadership necessary to build ocean literacy at every level of society in the Pacific region. Since its inception in Hawaii in 2007, IPMEN has held biennial conferences in Australia (2008), Fiji (2010) and Chile (2012) and Japan (2014).
Marine educators who share the IPMEN vision and goal are invited to watch for the next conference in Indonesia in 2016.
The IPMEN 2014 conference was held in Japan. The week-long conference began in Tokyo and then moved to Iwate, including the area devastated by the March 11, 2011 tsunami.
Bringing hope and pride to the devastated area is an important aspect of the conference. The people are faced with depopulation and a declining fishing industry. They have been encouraged to rebuild their homeland through their traditional resilience but are at a loss as to how to do this. Through networking with the local integrated coastal manage- ment system, which includes not only fishermen and industry but also housewives and school children, the IPMEN delegates were able to help advance this local agenda while furthering IPMEN's mission."


text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
In archaeology, a grinding slab is a ground stone artifact generally used to grind plant materials into usable size, though some were used to shape other ground stone artifacts. Some grinding stones are portable; others are not and, in fact, may be part of a stone outcropping. Grinding slabs used for plant processing typically acted as a coarse surface against which plant materials were ground using a portable hand stone, or mano. Portable grinding slabs are referred to as metates or querns. Like all ground stone artifacts, grinding slabs are made of large-grained materials such as granite, basalt, or similar tool stones.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


Using Multiple SoloVisions
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how-to setup multiple SoloVisions for use. The SoloVision device was designed with the feature of being able to use each SoloVision device independently. This allows you to take one SoloVision out for a screening, and keep the other SoloVision in the office to perform DynaROM screenings.
Connecting Multiple SoloVisions to One Computer
Each SoloVision has a label on the bottom indicating what type of device it connects to.
When setting up your SoloVisions you will want to remember which SoloVision, connects to which device-type (ScanVision, FlexVision, DynaVision.) This will become important if you ever need to take one SoloVision off the computer and move it to a different one.
Each SoloVision connecting to the computer will need an available USB port for the SoloVision to plug into. The SoloVision device should come with a USB cable used to connect the device to the computer.
If your computer doesn't have enough USB ports you can purchase a USB hub. A USB hub allows you to convert one USB port into several USB ports.
Using Multiple SoloVisions on Different Computers
Each SoloVision has a label on the bottom indicating whether it connects to a ScanVision, FlexVision, or DynaVision device. The SoloVision does NOT need any additional power cables. The only cable that the SoloVision needs is the USB cable that connects the SoloVision to the computer.


Anna Scheller's Insights: Winter Wellness – Nurturing Your Well-being During Your Temporary Stay
Introduction: Embark on a wellness journey this winter with Anna Scheller, the CEO and Founder of Capri Temporary Housing. In this exclusive interview, Anna shares her expert advice on maintaining well-being, both mentally and physically, during your temporary stay. Tips for Winter Wellness Discover essential tips from Anna Scheller to ensure your winter stay is […]
Introduction:
Embark on a wellness journey this winter with Anna Scheller, the CEO and Founder of Capri Temporary Housing. In this exclusive interview, Anna shares her expert advice on maintaining well-being, both mentally and physically, during your temporary stay.
Tips for Winter Wellness
Discover essential tips from Anna Scheller to ensure your winter stay is a time of well-being and balance.
 - Mindful Moments: Incorporate moments of mindfulness into your daily routine.
 - Indoor Exercise: Explore indoor exercises to stay active during the colder months.
 - Nutritional Balance: Maintain a balanced and nutritious diet to support your overall health.
Creating a Cozy Haven
Anna Scheller provides insights into transforming your temporary space into a cozy and nurturing haven.
 - Warm Ambiance: Add cozy elements like blankets, cushions, and warm lighting.
 - Personal Retreat: Carve out a space for relaxation and personal time.
 - Nature Connection: Bring in elements of nature to enhance your well-being.
Nourishing Your Body
Explore tips from Anna on nourishing your body during the winter season.
 - Healthy Eating Habits: Make mindful food choices to support your well-being.
 - Warm Beverages: Enjoy a variety of warm beverages for comfort and hydration.
 - Immune Boosters: Incorporate immune-boosting foods into your diet.
Mind-Body Balance
Anna Scheller emphasizes the importance of maintaining a harmonious mind-body balance.
 - Relaxation Techniques: Explore relaxation methods such as meditation or deep breathing.
 - Quality Sleep: Prioritize restful sleep for overall well-being.
 - Holistic Wellness: Consider holistic approaches like yoga or aromatherapy.
Conclusion:
In this insightful guide, Anna Scheller invites you to prioritize your well-being during the winter months. With her expert tips, your temporary stay can become a time of rejuvenation and self-care. Wishing you a season of wellness and tranquility!


text:
Plant of the Week | King Tut papyrus
Home and Garden
On The House
Egyptian or King Tut papyrus, Cyperus papyrus 'King Tut', is an extraordinary tropical plant that has many uses in the garden. This plant is a member of the sedge family. Its stems are medium-green and triangular and grow upright in clumps. The stems are topped by long leaflets that look similar to sparklers. King Tut papyrus likes moist soil, although, once established, it does well in drier conditions. King Tut papyrus looks great as a focal point in a garden or in a container with shorter flowering annuals. King Tut papyrus can be seen in the containers in front of the Chase Community Garden Center on the Scotts Miracle-Gro Community Garden Campus at the Franklin Park Conservatory and Botanical Gardens.
— Barbara Arnold
Franklin Park Conservatory and Botanical Gardens


text:
Roames collaborates with engineering partners to provide services that improve efficient and cost-effective pipeline design, management and operation.
Roames dynamically models different operating scenarios through the physics-based simulation core of its 3D virtual world.
These scenario simulations provide engineering information on structural and environmental conditions. When combined with the high quality source data and the engineering expertise of our partners this enables more accurate information for less conservative approach to pipeline condition assessment.
Simulation scenarios can include, the condition and status of pipelines either buried or unearthed during storms, or under pressurisation and heat impact.
The Roames Advantage
- Avoided inefficient field practices associated with poor data
- More accurate and less conservative pipeline condition assessment
- Reduced or eliminated repair costs by targeted maintenance campaigns
- Reduced trench backfill, replacement, maintenance and span rectification
- Reduced forced asset failures
- Desktop inspection and auditing tools reduce field inspection visits
for more information


text:
Calculate the total number of ions in 14.6 g CaH2.© BrainMass Inc. brainmass.com November 24, 2022, 11:51 am ad1c9bdddf
Calcium hydride consists of three ions: two hydride (H-) ions and one calcium (Ca+2) ion.
To calculate the actual number of ions in this sample, first the mass (14.6 g) needs to be converted to the amount (in moles).
You need to know the molar mass ...
The solution is given step-by-step with in explanation to achieve the answer.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Prove that $\ell_1$ is first category in $\ell_2$.
I tried to solve this, but had no idea about the approach. Any suggestions are helpful. Thanks in advance.
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
Write $F_n:=\{x\in \ell^2,\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}|x_j|\leq n\}$. Then $\ell^1=\bigcup_{n\geq 1}F_n$. $F_n$ is closed in $\ell^2$, as if $\{x^{(k)}\}$ is a sequence which lies in $F_n$ and converges to $x$ in $\ell^2$; we have for an integer $N$ that $$\sum_{j=1}^N|x_j|\leq\lim_{k\to\infty}\sum_{j=0}^N|x_j^{(k)}|\leq n,$$ which gives $x\in F_n$.
$F_n$ has an empty interior in $\ell^2$. Otherwise, if $B_{\ell^2}(x,r)\subset F_n$, then for each $y\in \ell²$, we would have $\frac{r}{2\lVert y\rVert_2}y+x\in F_n$, hence $\frac{r}{2\lVert y\rVert_2}y\in F_{2n}$. This gives that $\lVert y\rVert_1\leq C\lVert y\rVert_2$ for an universal constant $C$, which is not possible.
share|improve this answer
You are right, my bad. – Martin Argerami Oct 3 '12 at 18:34
Your Answer


text:
The EyeDetect testing station consists of a computer screen, a mouse, and the chin rest.
EyeDetect captures 60 measurements per second of eye response using 16 different variables. Approx. 100,000 pieces of data per eye is gathered during a 30-minute test. All this data is then evaluated and scored by a computer algorithm. Human bias is eliminated.
An EyeDetect exam is non-envasive; no blood-pressure cuff, chest tubes, or electrodes which are used in a polygraph test. If you've ever used a computer, smart phone, or tablet, you know how to use this technology. Most people use this kind of technology every day.
Credibility Screening Services © 2016 All Rights Reserved


that is raised commercially for grocery store shelves.
Humanely Killing a Chicken for Food
Processing a Chicken for Food
Processing Your Meat Chickens
There are a couple of options available for processing meat birds. Some people do choose to do the processing themselves while others choose to take their birds to a meat processing company. If you are choosing to take your chickens to a meat processing company, it is best to have the processing company in your area located early on.
Processing birds at home is a rewarding experience. You have raised your own food, know exactly what the bird has consumed it's entire life and took the responsibility for the life of the bird. It is different for everyone on processing day. Sometimes it can be an emotional experience and sometimes it is just going through the motions of providing for your family.
There are a few different techniques for ending the bird's life when you process chickens at home. The ax method of chopping the bird's head off is the one that most people picture in their minds. The chicken is then left to flop around headless around the area.
There are more humane ways to do this.
 - Cone MethodPlace the chicken head first into a processing cone where the head is sticking out of the bottom. The chicken's head can be cut off with and extremely sharp knife and the blood drained quickly and easily.
 - Holding the Chicken Between the KneesSitting in a chair with the chicken between the knees with their back facing you. Reaching around with an extremely, razor blade sharp knife, quickly cut the chicken's neck at the base of the skull being sure to hit the jugular vein. If done correctly, the chicken will bleed out, pass out and will be ready in a few seconds.
Once the chicken has been killed, the feathers need to be removed. This can be easily done by giving the chicken a quick dip into scalding water. Dipping into this water helps to release the feathers. Hanging the chicken by one leg upside down will make feather removal easier.
After feather removal, the innards need to be removed. Cut the chicken around the rear end being careful not to puncture the intestines. After the body cavity is open, the innards can easily be removed by using your hand to simply scoop them out. The liver, gizzard, heart and testicles can be separated at this point for saving.
The feet can be cut off and saved for using in stock. Adding chicken feet to chicken stock makes the stock thicker and more savory. You will also want to be sure to remove the oil gland that is at the base of the tail. The oil has a very unfavorable taste.
The chicken carcass will need to rest for at least 24 hours in the refrigerator before being cooked. This gives the meat time to relax and the rigor to leave the body. Processed chickens can be wrapped and frozen for later use right after processing.
© 2012 Helena Ricketts
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 - Carole Mireri profile image
 Carole Mireri
 2 years ago
 Quite informative. Where I come from we don't let the chicken carcass'rest' for 24 hours. It becomes meat on the table within 3 hours or so of'slaughering' it.
 - Helena Ricketts profile imageAUTHOR
 Helena Ricketts
 7 years ago from Indiana
 Thank you Pat! It is fantastic to be able to do this and know exactly what you are eating and where it comes from.
 - profile image
 7 years ago
 I raise all my own meats love it beef chicken pork..if you can do this at any level for your family I encourage it greatly.the children seem more healthy than ever before. good luck to anyone that does this it's great
 - rajan jolly profile image
 Rajan Singh Jolly
 Excellent hub and very practical information here Helena. As a former poultry breeder, I can say you have done a fantastic job in educating your readers the correct way chickens should be raised.
 Voting this up, useful and interesting.
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text:
New book goes inside the Royal Australian Mint
- Published: Mar 10, 2016, 4 AM
A new hardcover book explores Australia's coinage in depth.
Inside the Vault: The History and Art of Australian Coinage by Peter Rees was released in mid-February and is currently available from the Royal Australian Mint.
The 192-page book "uncovers the fascinating story of the nation's currency." According to publisher NewSouth, "Bestselling author Peter Rees traces significant events — the Rum Rebellion, the gold rushes of the 19th century, the opening of the Royal Australian Mint, the introduction of decimal currency in 1966 — and their effect on Australia's coinage."
Connect with Coin World:
The heavily illustrated book includes never-before-seen design sketches and images of key Australian coins along with images of important events and people in the history of Australian coinage.
Inside the Vault was released to coincide with the Feb. 14 anniversary of the 1966 decimalization. 2016 marks the 50th anniversary of the switch, which required Australia to build a new mint in Canberra that opened in 1965.
The new book traces the history of the nation, from the 1788 First Fleet landing to present day, including famous issues like the Holey dollar and dump and the 1930 penny. The book reports on current technology like domed coinage, triangular coins, circulating coins sporting color and more. Closing the book are eight pages offering historical notes, a bibliography, image credits and index.
Get our free report: How to Invest in Rare Coins
The book retails for $59.99 Australian and may currently be purchased from the Royal Australian Mint, with the price in U.S. dollars to be determined at the time of purchase.
Shipping charges are additional.
The publisher said the book will not become available in North America until June 1.
MORE RELATED ARTICLES
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US Coins Feb 28, 2024, 5 PM


ElementInnerHTML Property
Returns a fragment of HTML or XML that represents the element's contents. Can be set, to replace the contents of the element with nodes parsed from the given string.
Namespace: Aspose.Html.Dom
Assembly: Aspose.HTML (in Aspose.HTML.dll) Version: 21.4
Syntax
public string InnerHTML { get; set; }
Property Value
Type: String
The inner HTML.
See Also


JeAr JeAr - 9 months ago 20
HTML Question
How to disable special characters from paste in a textbox
How to disable special characters from paste in a textbox?
Im using a onkeypress event handler
function disableOtherChar(evt) {
var charCode;
charCode = (evt.which) ? evt.which : evt.keyCode;
var ctrl;
ctrl = (document.all) ? event.ctrlKey : evt.modifiers & Event.CONTROL_MASK;
if ((charCode > 47 && charCode < 58) || (charCode > 64 && charCode < 91) || (charCode > 96 && charCode < 123) || charCode == 8 || charCode == 9 || charCode == 45 || (ctrl && charCode == 86) || ctrl && charCode == 67) {
return true;
} else {
$(":text").live("cut copy paste", function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
});
return false;
}
}
But it doesnt block special characters when pasting, only in entering,
Answer
suppose that you have a Input
 <input id="textInput" name="textInput">
and you have the following script to validate the copy:
$(function(){
 $( "#textInput" ).bind( 'paste',function()
 {
 setTimeout(function()
 {
 //get the value of the input text
 var data= $( '#textInput' ).val() ;
 //replace the special characters to ''
 var dataFull = data.replace(/[^\w\s]/gi, '');
 //set the new value of the input text without special characters
 $( '#textInput' ).val(dataFull);
 });
 });
});


Meaning name Nevan
Meaning name Nevan
Variant spelling of English Nevin, meaning either "little bone" or "little saint."
Neva - Old English name meaning "new."
Nevaeh - Modern English name created by spelling "heaven" backwards.
Neve - Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Niamh, meaning "beauty, brightness."
Nevena - Bulgarian name, meaning "marigold."
Neves - Portuguese form of Spanish Nieves, meaning "snows."
Nevada - English unisex name derived from the U.S. state name, meaning "snow-capped."
Nevil - Variant spelling of English Neville, meaning "new town."
Neville - English surname transferred to forename use, derived from a Norman baronial name meaning "new town."
Nevin - Irish surname transferred to forename use, from an Anglicized form of either Gaelic Cnámhín, a byname for a skinny man meaning "little bone," or from Gaelic Naomhán, meaning "little saint."
Nevio - Italian form of Roman Latin Naevius, meaning "spotted."
© WhatName.Net


Mr Langshaw's Square Piano
Mr Langshaw's Square Piano
A clue inside a neglected square piano made in 1807, leads Madeline Goold on a quest to uncover the identities of the people who had owned and played it.
This biography of a now almost-forgotten instrument, which once held pride of place in drawing-rooms throughout Britain and its Empire, is a journey through two centuries of musical lives.
The author travels back in time and enters the musical world of Georgian England to meet the people who built and played the square piano that she found two hundred years later.
M.Clementi, Sonata Op.25, No. 5, First Movement (1790)
Javascript and Flash are required to play the recordings
She discovers that the original owner was a north-country musician, struggling to make a living and educate his children in the early years of the Industrial Revolution; Mr. Langshaw's Square Piano - (ISBN _PHONE_, Hardcover, Corvo Books, £13.99) traces the story of his square piano and sets it and Mr. Langshaw and his remarkable family, against the broader musical and social history of their time.
"It really carries the reader along and brings history alive. Great."
"…a tale that really draws the reader in…"
In his youth John Langshaw met and studied with some of the most celebrated musicians in Georgian London. He returned to his home town in the north of England with first-hand knowledge of the square piano, a new keyboard instrument that was taking the capital by storm, and he spent the next fifty years teaching music and distributing pianos on behalf of John Broadwood, the most successful English piano maker of the day.
Mr. Langshaw brought music to a part of the country where no one before him could even play Handel's Lessons, let alone teach them; in doing so he also brought the social change that accompanied the piano.
Mr Langshaws Square Piano Mr Langshaw's Square Piano
Square Piano
Square pianos, sometimes called box or table pianos, are not square but oblong. They were the earliest pianos and for sixty years from the time of their first appearance in London in 1768 they dominated the piano market.
Small and elegant, they reflected the finest furniture of the period. They had little leather hammers that struck rather than plucked the strings as in so many other keyboard instrument of the time.
What was really novel was that they could be played soft and loud, piano e forte. The square piano became a link between the keyboard instruments of the eighteenth century and the modern piano and bridged the time when only the very wealthy could afford a keyboard instrument to the mass production of the mid-nineteenth century.
Website design Site design by Daniel McEwen Leaves
© Copyright 2015 Madeline Goold


text:
What is the Kurt Gottschalk Science Fund?
The Science Fund supports new initiatives that disseminate information and science-informed management practices to foresters and other natural resource professionals. It also supports recognition of research being conducted by graduate students in forestry and natural resources.
Kurt Gottschalk was a long-time chair of the SAF's Forest Science and Technology Board and was serving on the national board of directors at the time of his passing.
How Your Donation Helps
- Continuing Education, Outreach, and Collaboration: Financial support for technology transfer that helps land managers apply the latest in science, such as for conferences, scientific publications, special issues in scientific journals, and more.
- Leadership Development: Funding to foster scientific leadership.
- Recognition of Student Research: Annual cash awards for best presentations and posters at the SAF National Convention.
- Forestry Research: Funding for graduate students and other researchers to focus on their core research questions by funding the identification and prioritization of research needs, literature reviews, seed money to collect preliminary data required to develop larger research proposals, and more.


text:
The forerunner to The Falls Church appears to have been founded by landowner William Gunnell, who had moved from Westmoreland County, Virginia in 1729. In the spring of 1730, he secured a minister and convened a congregation, which met in his home until 1733, when the first building was constructed. Until that time, this area was served by a clergyman who lived near present-day Quantico, and the nearest church was Pohick Church near Lorton. Like Pohick Church, the new church served Truro Parish.
George Mason was elected vestryman in 1748, as was George Washington in 1762.
By 1762 the wood building had fallen into decay and the vestry ordered a new brick building to be constructed on the same site. The next year, George Washington and George William Fairfax, as the church wardens, assumed responsibility to contract for the new building. After 1765 this church became the seat of the new Fairfax Parish. The new church was designed by Colonel James Wren, a member of the vestry.


text:
Advancing the Rural Migration Initiative
The Regional Australia Institute (RAI), in partnership with Bendigo and Adelaide Bank, held a luncheon in Melbourne at the beginning of this month, to pursue a collective action on the rural migration initiative.
Earlier this year, the RAI launched the Missing Workers Paper that has since galvanized national support to address labour shortages and declining population in regional Australia.
RAI CEO Jack Archer said the purpose of the event was twofold. Firstly, to continue to educate and raise awareness of the need to address workforce shortages in rural communities, and secondly to highlight the strength and success of locally led migration campaigns.
"We are continuing to build a coalition of communities, organisations and peak bodies who can rally behind the need for transformation to ensure our regional and rural communities can continue to grow and prosper," Mr Archer said.
"Here at the RAI, we believe we can use our national network to harness and amplify the needs of regional Australia and we welcome the opportunity to work with regions who feel they too could benefit from being involved in the Rural Migration Initiative," Jack Archer said.
Speakers at the event included Councillor Cheryl McKinnon, Mayor of the Loddon Shire Council in Northern Victoria who shared her insights about how the Pyramid Hill community activated and led a cohesive strategy to welcome migrant families and boost their languishing workforce.
Personal accounts from Filipino migrants Marilyn Fernandez, a Kia-Ora Piggery worker, and Fione Garchitorena, a 15 year old High School student, brought home the sacrifices that were made and the challenges that were overcome with community support. Pleasingly both stories expressed that moving to Australia was the best decision their families had ever made.
Attendees also included senior representatives from Bendigo and Adelaide Bank, Dairy Australia, NBN Co, AusVEG, Open Universities, RDA Orana, AMA Victoria, John Holland, Limestone Coast LGA, The Scanlon Foundation, Refugee Talent, Leadership Great South Coast and Regional Development Victoria.
Later this month the RAI will be launching a Migration Tool Kit which has been generously sponsored by the Scanlon Foundation. This offering will be made available to regional communities across Australia to provide them with the step-by-step guide to undertaking a successful locally led Rural Migration Initiative.
For enquiries please contact:
Liz Ritchie, GM Strategy and Partnerships
M: 0411 565 643
E: [email protected]
Sign up to our Regional Futures e-News to make sure you stay up to date with the latest news and information from us.


text:
ADePT, the Software Platform for Automated Economic Analysis, is a free program designed to simplify and speed-up the production of analytical reports. Created by the Research Department (DECRG) of the World Bank, it can be used to extract indicators from micro-level surveys and present them in a print-ready form. ADePT can generate sets of about 50 print-ready tables and graphs in different areas of economic analysis, and already includes, among others, modules on Poverty, Inequality, Labor, Gender, Education, Health, and Social Protection.
ADePT helps both to minimize human errors and to introduce new techniques and methods to a wide audience of practitioners. It can be used as a tool for sensitivity analysis, data checking, and simulations - it's an ideal tool for training! Tasks that take several weeks of work from qualified consultants could be accomplished within minutes using ADePT. Furthermore, by producing a standard set of tables and graphs, the program allows standardization of the economic statistics among countries expanding the possibilities for research on intra-country comparisons.
The website contains a free, downloadable version of the software, as well as video tutorials in several languages, PowerPoint presentations, examples and more about how to use ADePT by utilizing different data sets. Please visit _URL_ for more information.
The current version of ADePT requires a prior installation of the STATA software, but updates might be available in the near future to bypass this requirement.


text: To determine whether the parietal lobes contribute to the selection of nonspatial features known to be processed in the ventral stream, the current study examined the effect of chronic unilateral parietal lobe lesions in humans on color and location priming. Patients and normal controls performed a go/no-go color discrimination task in which either the same color and different color pairs of stimuli (prime and probe) were projected sequentially either in the same hemifield or in opposite hemifields. Control subjects and patients both showed independent effects of color and location priming. In the patients, primes in either field produced color priming for target probes in the ipsilesional field but not for probes in the contralesional field. This observation implicates the parietal cortex in processing activated codes of stimulus attributes not only for spatial information but also for visual features processed in the ventral visual pathways.


text:
This collection is made up of twenty-nine reel-to-reel sound recordings containing interviews between film maker Michael Grice and African-American railroad porters employed in the Portland area. These recordings form much of the background research used for Grice's 1985 film, "Black Families and the Railroad in Oregon and the Northwest." A VHS copy of the film is included in the collection. The collection's webiste inlcudes digital versions of the interviews along with interview transcriptions: _URL_
ID: OH 029
Extent: 0.4 cubic feet
Scope and Content Notes
The subjects featured in these interviews are: Otto Rutherford, Woodrow E. Wilson, Lonnie Wilson, Jimmy Sullivan, Cleophas Smith, Vernon Gaskin, Willie Rice, James Brooks, Congressman Augustus Hawkins, E. Shelton Hill, Si Greene, Daniel Allen, Eddie Butler, Hazel Murray, Lawrence Alberti, Cliff Jackson, Walter Reynolds, George Canada, and Alfred Richardson.
Statement on Access: Collection is open for research.
Preferred Citation: African American Railroad Porters Oral History Collection (OH 29), Oregon State University Special Collections and Archives Research Center, Corvallis, Oregon.
Languages of Materials


text:
Many motherboards have electronic chips that control fan speed or measure temperatures. Some are connected via I2C, others via ISA. Most of them can be read out using lm-sensors on Linux computers.
Install the lm-sensors package using:
sudo apt-get install lm-sensors
Try to detect the chips (sensors) connected to your computer:
Query sensor status:


From Conservapedia
(Redirected from Tzar)
Jump to: navigation, search
For similar terms, please see Czar (disambiguation).
A tsar or (tzar or czar - царь) is an emperor or monarch of certain Slavic countries. In Russia, the original title was first adopted by Ivan IV in 1547 and was in use until the People's Revolution if 1918, when the people of Russia executed Nicholas II and his entire family. Russia adopted a system of pseudo communism as advocated by Lenin and Stalin. Currently, modern Russian and other Slavic languages use Tzar interchangeably with "king" or "monarch".
The word traces its roots back to the word "Ceasar" from the Roman Empire, the same roots that are used in the German word Kaiser, their term for emperor.
The term is also now used in America and the United Kingdom[1] to refer to bureaucrats in charge of carrying out some aspect of United States Government policy, such as the Drug Czar.
The New American Desk Encyclopedia, Penguin Group, 1989
 1. As in this article from the Independent newspaper.


text:
I purchased an inexpensive cnc touch probe many years ago and have always been concerned about the accuracy. These cheap probes (and some expensive ones) use a tripod type arrangement where 3 shafts, spaced 120 degrees apart, rest on pairs of balls. This makes a normally closed circuit, which is opened when probe shaft is moved. Given the geometry of the tripod, either one or two shafts will break the circuit depending on the direction of contact.
The probe is directly connected to the CNC controller board input, so the resistance of the touch probe circuit is important in the detection of the probe touch.
To try and measure this, I fixed a precision disc to the cnc router table, and wrote a gcode routine to probe the outside of the disc, moving from the outside of the disc, towards the center of the disc (the origin, x0 y0). The precision disc came from a 1″-2″ micrometer. This disc is used to "zero" the micrometer to 1″.
This is the gcode (units are in mm)…
# = 15
# = 5
# = 0
o10 repeat [ 360/# ]
# = [# * cos[ # ]]
# = [# * sin[ # ]]
g0 x# y#
g38.2 x0 y0
g0 x# y#
(print,#, #, #)
# = [# + #]
And here are the results…
The chart shows the offset from the outside of the disc (1″). The probe tip diameter is 2.452mm. The green line shows the probe tip radius. This line is where an ideal probe would have triggered. The red and blue lines show the actual results from 2 test runs – very repeatable.
The chart shows 2 clear issues; one is the large offset before triggering – either an electrical switching issue, or the flexibility of the probe. The second issue is how the trigger point varies depending on the angle of approach of the probe. (there also may be an error due to the disc not being truly at the origin (and there may be backlash issues with my machine)).
The first fix would be to add a sensitive detector to the circuit eg an opamp to detect a minute change in circuit resistance. Given that the results are also so predictable, the offset could be corrected based on the travel direction of the probe, but this would require the probe to be inserted into the spindle in the exact position every time.


The "tce_file.php" API
This script serves as the file administration part of the TYPO3 Core Engine. It's a gateway for TCE (TYPO3 Core Engine) file-handling through POST forms. It uses \TYPO3\CMS\Core\Utility\File\ExtendedFileUtility for the manipulation of the files.
This script is used from the File > List module where you can rename, create, delete etc. files and directories on the server.
You can send data to this file either as GET or POST vars where POST takes precedence. The variable names you can use are:
GP var name Data type Description
file array
Array of file operations. See previous information about basic file functions.
This could typically be a GET var like &file[delete][0][data]=[absolute file path] or a POST form field like:
"
"
redirect string Redirect URL. Script will redirect to this location after performing operations.
CB array Clipboard command array. May trigger changes in "file"
vC string Verification code
overwriteExistingFiles boolean If existing files should be overridden.


0
i am facing several problems....
first one is: how do i typedef a structure
i've seen many ways to do it but im not quite sure which one is the right one.
this is what i think how it goes (but dont know why it goes that way)
typedef struct MyStucture mystructure;
struct MyStructure
{
 ....
} abc[10];
and i dont know what is identifier, and what is object here...at least - im not quite sure
second problem is when i try to make a swap function:
void swapAb (mystructure *a, mystructure *b)
{
 mystructure *temp;
 temp = x;
 x = y;
 y = temp;
}
- it doesnt work, no compiler errors but no swap is made
that would be for now
thanks in advance
2
Contributors
5
Replies
6
Views
7 Years
Discussion Span
Last Post by Alibeg
0
>how do i typedef a structure
The method I usually see is a compact one:
typedef struct foo {
 /* ... */
} foo;
But you can do it your way as well (though note you have a spelling error in the typedef; it's MyStructure, not MyStucture ;)). FYI, the structure tag name space and the typedef name space are separate, which is why you can use the same name for the structure and the typedef.
>and i dont know what is identifier, and what is object here
MyStructure is an identifier, as is mystructure. When you create an instance of the structure, that's an object:
struct MyStructure foo; /* foo refers to an object */
mystructure bar; /* bar refers to an object */
>it doesnt work, no compiler errors but no swap is made
Erm, the code is pretty wrong. You don't even touch a or b, x and y don't exist unless they're global, and you want to swap the contents of the pointer, not the pointers themselves:
void swap ( mystructure *a, mystructure *b )
{
 mystructure temp = *a;
 *a = *b;
 *b = temp;
}
0
i wanted to write:
void swap ( mystructure *a, mystructure *b )
{
 mystructure *temp = a;
 a = b;
 b = temp;
}
but my head was going to blow since im so tired
i actually wanted to swap pointers but i forgot that they doesnt even exist because i call function as: swap (&x, &y) i think i get it, at least some of it :D
0
one more question:
in your definition of structure (one with typedef) you didnt declere variables, if i wanted to make some i would type foo arrayOfTypeStructFoo[10]; somewhere later
am i right?
This question has already been answered. Start a new discussion instead.
Have something to contribute to this discussion? Please be thoughtful, detailed and courteous, and be sure to adhere to our posting rules.


text:
Dwyer Instruments, Inc. Solves the Wall Mount – Relative Humidity Error MysteryWall mount humidity sensors for building automation system (BAS) applications are produced and sold by several different companies and have a reputation of poor accuracy despite specifications from suppliers. There is a rational reason why these instruments appear to read outside of their stated accuracy, which in turn causes users to be frustrated with the results.
Most wall mount units for BAS applications are multi-variable instruments and often measure temperature and/or CO2 level in addition to relative humidity. The output signals are also more complex and may include BACnet and Modbus® communication protocols in addition to analog current and voltage outputs. Optional LCD displays for local indication of measurements are also commonly found in these devices. All electronic components included provide the parameter measurement, output, and display, which create additional heat inside the wall mount housing where the humidity sensor is located. Since relative humidity is the ratio of the partial pressure of water in the air divided by the saturation pressure of water in the air (of which the latter is a function of temperature), relative humidity is inversely proportional to the local temperature. This means that as the temperature inside of the wall mount housing increases relative to the room temperature, the internal humidity sensor will read lower values compared to the actual room humidity found in a stagnant airflow environment, such as an office. The stagnant airflow here is key. Humidity calibration chambers always have moving air systems to maintain uniform humidity throughout the chamber, so they do not reflect the stagnant environments that the wall mount sensors will later be expected to measure. When the wall mount units are returned to the manufacturer due to poor accuracy, they are inserted into a humidity chamber where the moving air ventilates the heat out of the wall mount housing. The humidity sensors are calibrated without the internal heat seen in a real world office environment. The wall mount sensors are then sent back to the customer who finds the units are still reading low when installed.
Dwyer engineers discovered this calibration conflict and devised the following solution which has been incorporated and is currently standard in the latest North American and European housing design options of the Series CDTA and CDTR wall mount products.
Solution: A separate temperature sensor is mounted on the outside of the wall mount housing and thermally isolated from the internal housing wall (see figure A). The internal humidity temperature sensor inside the housing is carefully calibrated to the outside temperature sensor so that minor variations in temperature between the inside and the outside of the housing can be determined. The saturation pressure of water is a well-known, complex function of only temperature. The humidity and temperature inside the wall mount housing is measured, and is always higher than the temperature outside of the housing. The difference of these two temperatures is used to compensate the humidity so that it indicates an accurate humidity measurement for the room. There are several other factors required to make this work in the real world, but this is the fundamental principle of the Digital Intelligent Temperature Compensation Algorithm (DITCA™) in the new carbon dioxide family of product lines now available for sale exclusively from Dwyer Instruments.
Note: Details of the Active Humidity Compensation are U.S. Patent Pending by Dwyer Instruments.


text:
Illusions of Resilience? An Analysis of Community Responses to Change in Northern Norway.
Helene Amundsen, CICERO Centre for Climate and Environmental Research - Oslo
Full Text: HTML
This article contributes to our understanding of community resilience. Community resilience is the ability of a community to cope and adjust to stresses caused by social, political, and environmental change and to engage community resources to overcome adversity and take advantage of opportunities in response to change. Through an analysis of local responses to multiple challenges, six dimensions of community resilience were found in one village in northern Norway. These dimensions; community resources, community networks, institutions and services, people–place connections, active agents, and learning; are activated in processes and activities in the village to respond to current challenges. Although this corroborates findings from other community resilience research, this research suggests that community resilience is both complex and dynamic over time. Although communities may consider themselves resilient to today's challenges, the rate and magnitude of expected systemic global changes, especially climate change, means that future resilience cannot be taken for granted. This work concludes that there is a risk that community resilience may be an illusion, leading to complacency about the need for adaption to multiple factors of change. Hence, the ability of communities to actively engage in reflexive learning processes is of importance for both adaptation and future resilience.
adaptation; climate change; community resilience; adaptation; local development; northern Norway
Ecology and Society. ISSN: _PHONE_


text:
Cancellation of Liabilities
What is a liability?
In order to ensure financial sustainability and prevent overspending, the SU financial operating system tests for funds. When a requisition is created and approved and funds are available, the funds are liable against the cost centre or kept in the cost centre and will only be made available during payment.
Reasons for cancellation of liabilities
- When payment does not occur for whatever reason, the liability on the financial system also has to be cancelled in order to make the funds available again within the balance on the cost centre.
- In the case of corrections: If the order has already been created on the system (requisition status 5), no amendments can be made to the order. If the item lines or amounts should be amended, the order has to be cancelled and be redone.
- Cancellations of balance values: If only part of the order has been paid and the remaining part has not been cleared because of faulty goods received, the balance value has to be cancelled against the order so that the remaining funds can be made available within the cost centre balance.


Solving "AttributeError: Module 'Tensorflow' Has No Attribute 'ConfigProto'" Error
In this guide, we will discuss the reasons behind the AttributeError: Module 'Tensorflow' has no attribute 'ConfigProto' error and provide step-by-step solutions to resolve it. This error is commonly encountered when working with Tensorflow and can be a source of frustration for developers. We will also provide an FAQ section to address some common queries related to this issue.
Table of Contents
 1. Understanding the Error
 2. Solutions
 3. Solution 1: Upgrade Tensorflow
 4. Solution 2: Use 'Compat' Module
 5. FAQ
Understanding the Error
The AttributeError: Module 'Tensorflow' has no attribute 'ConfigProto' error occurs when you attempt to access the ConfigProto attribute in the Tensorflow module, and the attribute is not found. This is often caused by using an older version of Tensorflow that does not have the ConfigProto attribute, or due to changes in the Tensorflow API.
Solutions
There are two main solutions to this problem:
Solution 1: Upgrade Tensorflow
The first and most straightforward solution is to upgrade your Tensorflow installation to a version that includes the ConfigProto attribute. To do this, you can use the following command:
pip install --upgrade tensorflow
After upgrading Tensorflow, you should be able to access the ConfigProto attribute without any issues. However, if you still encounter the error, you may need to consider the second solution.
Solution 2: Use 'Compat' Module
In some cases, the Tensorflow API may have changed, and the ConfigProto attribute may have been moved to a different location. To resolve this issue, you can use the compat module provided by Tensorflow, which includes the ConfigProto attribute.
To use the compat module, you can modify your code as follows:
import tensorflow as tf
config = tf.compat.v1.ConfigProto()
By using the compat module, you should be able to access the ConfigProto attribute without encountering the error.
FAQ
1. What is ConfigProto in Tensorflow?
ConfigProto is a configuration object in Tensorflow that allows you to configure various options for your Tensorflow session. Some of the options you can configure include the amount of GPU memory to use, the number of threads for parallelism, and more. It is an important object for configuring and optimizing your Tensorflow computation.
2. How can I check my Tensorflow version?
You can check your Tensorflow version by running the following Python script:
import tensorflow as tf
print(tf.__version__)
This script will print out the version number of your installed Tensorflow package.
3. Can I use ConfigProto with Tensorflow 2.x?
Yes, you can use ConfigProto with Tensorflow 2.x by using the compat module as described in Solution 2. However, Tensorflow 2.x introduced many changes, and it is recommended to use the native Tensorflow 2.x API whenever possible.
4. How can I configure GPU usage with ConfigProto?
You can configure GPU usage with ConfigProto by setting the gpu_options attribute. For example, to limit Tensorflow to a specific amount of GPU memory, you can use the following code:
import tensorflow as tf
config = tf.compat.v1.ConfigProto()
config.gpu_options.per_process_gpu_memory_fraction = 0.5 # Use 50% of available GPU memory
sess = tf.compat.v1.Session(config=config)
5. Can I use ConfigProto to configure multiple GPUs?
Yes, you can use ConfigProto to configure multiple GPUs by setting the allow_soft_placement and log_device_placement options. For example:
import tensorflow as tf
config = tf.compat.v1.ConfigProto()
config.allow_soft_placement = True
config.log_device_placement = True
sess = tf.compat.v1.Session(config=config)
With these options set, Tensorflow will automatically assign operations to available GPUs and log the device placement.
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text:
Celebrate Princeton Invention: Craig Arnold
Posted December 21, 2009; 01:08 p.m.
Able to adjust its focus more than 100,000 times faster than the human eye, the TAG Lens invented by mechanical and aerospace engineering professor Craig Arnold and his colleagues has applications in materials processing and imaging. (Photo: Brian Wilson)
Name: Craig Arnold, associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering
Invention: Tunable Acoustic Gradient Index of Refraction Lens (TAG Lens)
What it does: The TAG lens features a cylinder made of a special material that vibrates when electricity is passed through it, enclosed inside a fluid-filled chamber. Controlling the flow of electricity changes the vibrations that propagate through the fluid, changing the lens' focus more than 100,000 times faster than the human eye can refocus.
Inspiration: After developing a low-cost lens to shape laser beam output into different patterns, Arnold and his colleagues focused their attention on understanding how the device worked and its potential applications. Finding that the lens had the unique ability to focus rapidly at a wide range of focal lengths, they realized its potential went far beyond the original intended purpose, with numerous applications in materials processing and imaging.
Collaborators: Euan McLeod, a 2009 Ph.D. recipient, and Alexander Mermillod-Blondin, a former postdoctoral researcher in the Arnold lab
Back to main story


text:
Sunshine Coast Airport, represented by Rede Project Consulting, commissioned Woolpert to provide a Feature and Level Survey, 3D Laser Scan and Building Information Model (BIM) of SCA.
The Department of Planning and Environment (DPE) engaged Woolpert to conduct a bathymetric survey of portions of the bed of the Lachlan River and adjacent creeks.
Woolpert was commissioned to acquire and process LiDAR and image data over the 180km2 Captains Mountain Wind Farm in Queensland for Vestas Asia Pacific (Vestas).
Woolpert are commissioned to complete recurring survey work for a mining company based in South East Queensland.
Bathymetric LiDAR for Waterway Management Woolpert were commissioned to survey for a project that involved 645 km2 over a coastal and waterways network in Eastern Australia. The site had a shallow drafted estuary, where bathymetric information was needed to maintain the usability and safety of the waterways. The area was subject to dynamic coastal processes. […]
Woolpert were commissioned to conduct a 2.7km railway corridor Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) survey to determine its Building Information Model (BIM) suitability. This required accurately defining assets and utilities with dense point cloud information for feature survey and 3D modelling production.
Brookfield Rail Line Survey Brookfield Rail Line Survey Overview AAM were commissioned to survey 188 kms of optimised rail line from Tilley Siding, Morawa to Narngulu Yard in Western Australia. The as-constructed survey required capturing the main line and passing track's alignment amongst other services. An accuracy of +/- 0.03 or better was also required […]


Fredric Kraemer
Publication Details
 - Knowledge-based temporal abstraction in diabetes therapy. Medinfo. MEDINFO Shahar, Y., Das, A. K., Tu, S. W., Kraemer, F. B., Basso, L. V., Musen, M. A. 1995; 8: 852-856
 Abstract:
 We suggest a general framework for solving the task of creating abstract, interval-based concepts from time-stamped clinical data. We refer to this problem-solving framework as the knowledge-based temporal-abstraction (KBTA) method. The KBTA method emphasizes explicit representation, acquisition, maintenance, reuse, and the sharing of knowledge required for abstraction of time-oriented clinical data. We describe the subtasks into which the KBTA method decomposes its task, the problem-solving mechanisms that solve these subtasks, and the knowledge necessary for instantiating these mechanisms in a particular clinical domain. We have implemented the KBTA method in the RESUME system and have applied it to the task of monitoring the care of insulin-dependent diabetics.
 View details for PubMedID _PHONE_
Stanford Medicine Resources:
Footer Links:


text:
If the diagonals are not equal, then either of two things is wonky.
1. The side walls are not plumb presently, and when you pull the top plate inwards they will either be more out of plumb or more in.
2. The ends of the front, unsheathed wall are not of equal height. If they were built on the floor with equal length studs, that's not likely. If the studs were nailed in place then more likely....?
Check both side walls right at the front corner for plumb and see what they read. This ain't rocket surgery, so you can make it better without too much trouble. :smile3:
If you don't have a come along, drive a substantial stake into the ground about 8 ft away and brace a 2 x 4 against the wall at the top to push it plumb. Once it's good, toe nail it in place until you can properly brace it. Proper diagonal bracing is "let in" to each stud as it passes over them making the brace flush for the sheathing.
Sheathing alone will brace it, but it aughta be plumb first, then nailed. The 4 X 8 sheathing can be used as large square, better than a 24" framing square in the corners.


text:
Blueprint for Survival is a half day workshop for people who have been laid off or expect to be laid off, and people who prefer entrepreneurship to the chance of being laid off. We will teach bootstrapping skills as well as provide information and instruction on how to use a wide range of free web tools and other resources for running a business.
The content of the workshop includes:
- Backing Into Entrepreneurship: Forming a Business
- Health Insurance
- Tax Implications of Owning a Business
- Free Software to Run Your Business
- Community Resources
- Online marketing tips
- Co-working Opportunities
- "Opportunities" to Avoid
- Financing Strategies
Almost every resource presented at this workshop will be FREE to attendees.
Francine Hardaway, co-founder of Stealthmode Partners and OTEF Executive Director, has been an entrepreneur for almost 30 years, is a survivor of several downturns, and doesn't sugar coat it. Attendees receive immediately useful information about how to start new business ventures and collaborate with others to support their entrepreneurial success.
Benefits To Community::
- A viable alternative to 'job training'.
- Redeployment of key human resources
- Job and income creation
Benefit To Attendees:
- Real world examples and training
- Access and linkage to community resources
- Opportunity to brainstorm with experienced entrepreneurs
- Connections to potential partners
- Introduction to funding organizations
- 1/2 day
- Held at locations across Maricopa County
- Small class size (20 max. per class)
- Highly collaborative and led by experienced entrepreneurs, with guest speakers from the business community and municipal, county, state or federal agencies.