text:
Is there a relationship between the lean concept and productivity rate of construction projects?
Naoum, S., Whitworth, T. and Fong, D. (2011). Is there a relationship between the lean concept and productivity rate of construction projects? ISEC 2011 - 6th International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference: Modern Methods and Advances in Structural Engineering and Construction. Zurich, Switzerland 21 - 26 Jun 2011 pp. 175-179 _URL_
|Naoum, S., Whitworth, T. and Fong, D.
Copyright © 2011 by Research Publishing Services. This paper seeks to show whether the implementation of the lean concept within the UK construction industry has an impact on the productivity rate of projects. 37 UK construction Project Directors and Project Managerswere surveyed and the result shows that the lean concept is making considerable headway in improving productivity of UK construction projects. There is a strong correlation between high leanness and high productivity rates on UK construction projects. The results also indicated that there is no significant difference between the application of the lean concept between the manufacturing and the construction industry.
|ISEC 2011 - 6th International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference: Modern Methods and Advances in Structural Engineering and Construction
|Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
|Accepted author manuscript
|21 Jun 2011
|Publication process dates
|18 Jan 2019
|21 May 2011
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1downloads this month


text:
What is a box ¶
A Box is the basic element of the Behaviors.
A Box may contain a simple elementary action ( Say box for example), as well as a very complex application (room exploration for example).
To go further :
Box identity ¶
The table below describes the properties allowing you to identify a Box.
|A||Name||Name of the box.|
|B||Image||A specific image helps to understand the box type or content.|
Displays the description of the box and some tips.
Appears when holding the pointer over the box and also at the bottom of the Box libraries panel.
Box content ¶
The content of a box depend on its type :
- a Python box contains a Python script,
- a Flow diagram box contains a Flow diagram,
- a Timeline box contains a Timeline.
- a Dialog box refers to a Dialog topic
How to display the content of a box ¶
To display the content of a box, double click the box.
A Dialog box acts as a shortcut to the Dialog topic it refers to. If you double-click the box, you will edit the dialog topic. Other boxes referring to that topic will be impacted.
Box connectors and parameters ¶
The table below describes the main connectors of a Box :
|A||Inputs||Receive events in order to start or stop the box.|
|B||Outputs||Send events and/or data during box execution or when the box execution is stopped.|
|C||Parameters||Receive data used by the box.|
How to create a new box ¶
To create a box:
||Right click on the Flow diagram wherever you want to create the box.|
In the contextual menu, under the Create a new box section, choose the type of the box you want to create.
Optional If you choosed to create a Dialog box, you must choose the dialog topic used by the box.
The box name is automatically generated from the chosen topic, unless you modify it by hand.
You can also create a new dialog topic directly from here.
||Define a Name and a Description for your box.|
||Optional : set the picture to recognize it among other boxes.|
Optional : set Parameters, Inputs and Outputs.
For further details about parameters, see: How to add/remove inputs, outputs, parameters in a box.
Click the OK button.
The created box is displayed on the diagram.
Editing a Box ¶
Click on a Box, to display and edit:
Edit Box widget ¶
When you edit or create a Box, the following widget is displayed:
The table below describes the Edit Box widget:
|Part||Name||Allows you to...|
Show some box properties:
Define the Box identity :
Specify an image.
Click the Edit button and select one or several image(s).
You can choose several images to have a complete graphical description of what it does. But you should know that only the first image is displayed beside the box name in a box library.
|D||Connectors and Parameters||
Define the Box connectors and parameters.
Add a Plugin to the box.
It is an advanced feature allowing you to add a control the frontage of the box.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The structure of a new abietane diterpenoid, taxayunnin (1), from the barks of Taxus yunnanensis, was determined by spectroscopic analysis. A known abietane diterpenoid, taxamairin C (2), was also isolated.
|Number of pages||2|
|Journal||Chinese Chemical Letters|
|Publication status||Published - May 2001|
Scopus Subject Areas
- Abietane diterpenoid
- Taxus yunnanensis

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Profession Quality inspector, all other products
Quality assurance inspectors examine manufactured products, primary produce and services to make sure they meet all standards (e.g. presentation, quality).
Would you like to know what kind of career and professions suit you best? Take our free Holland code career test and find out.
- Conventional / Realistic
- Realistic / Conventional
Tasks quality inspector, all other products
- Analyze and interpret relevant information (such as blueprints, manuals, etc.) to determine specifications.
- Perform required inspections, tests or measurements of materials, products or installations, and check whether specifications are met.
- Mark inspected items with details such as grade and rejection status.
- Observe and monitor production operations and equipment to ensure conformity to specifications.
- Determine the cause of problems or defects.
- Record inspection or test data, such as weight, temperature, grade or moisture content, and quantities inspected or graded.
- Notify supervisors and other personnel of production problems or defects, and assist in identifying and correcting problems or defects.
- Train and assist operators to carry out their quality control functions.
- Participate in organizing the production process (e.g. propose changes that may improve the process, participate in quality system design).
- Analyze test data and compute statistical measures as necessary to determine test results.
- Compile inspection and test reports.
Related professions quality inspection
- Quality inspector clothing, leatherwear
- Quality inspector computer equipment
- Quality inspector electrical equipment or eletronic components
- Quality inspector glass, glass products
- Quality inspector machines, appliances, vehicles
- Quality inspector metal goods, metalware
- Quality inspector vehicles, machines


Publishing an in-house Blocks server on the Internet
This article describes how you can publish an in-house Blocks server so it becomes accessible also through the Internet. This is particularly useful if you want to make your Blocks server accessible to guests using their own mobile devices. Assuming your location has decent cellular service, this will let your visitors connect to your Blocks server to use it as an audio guide, or similar, based on a Visitor Spot. Since you're using the cellular internet connection already established on all phones, you won't need to provide a wifi network, thereby reducing the technical requirements on site as well as simplifying the onboarding process. A simple, printed QR code can be used to directly connect visitor's phones to your Blocks server.
Services Used
It's based on a number of services provided by Cloudflare.com:
 - DNS hosting of your domain name.
 - A VPN-like tunnel, making your in-house Blocks server accessible from the internet.
 - Certificate for secure server access (HTTPS).
 - Caching of many resources, such as images, for improved performance and reduce load on your Blocks server.
These services are all currently provided for free by Cloudflare. This guide assumes you can use Cloudflare also as your DNS provider. However, when that's not an option, you can use a slightly different method based on a partial DNS (CNAME Setup).
Prerequisites
In order to use this, you need the following:
 - A Blocks server running on a computer that has access to the internet. Note that you don't need any publicly accessible IP address or port forwarding - just the ability to reach the Internet from your Blocks server.
 - A suitable domain name that you control, or a subdomain for one. If you don't have one, you can buy one from Cloudflare or any other seller/registrar.
Establishing the Connection
Once you have the above, follow these steps to publish your in-house Blocks server on the Internet
 1. Create an account at cloudflare.com. If you already use them as your domain name provider, you already have an account with them. If you're using another registrar, you can create a free account.
 2. Log in to your Cloudflare dashboard.
 3. If you're not already using Cloudflare as your DNS provider, you may want to set that up and point your registrar to Cloudflare's DNS servers.
 4. Select "Zero Trust" in the menu on the left hand side.
 5. Select Access under Cloudflare Zero Trust.
 6. Select Tunnels.
 7. Complete setup if requested to.
 8. Enter a "team name" (will also become your URL).
 9. Select the "Free" bundle.
 10. Select Tunnels again under Access.
 11. Create a tunnel. Set the server-side URL to http: with localhost:8080 as the domain name and port (this assumes Blocks is using its default configuration, with the server listening at port 8080).
 12. Name your tunnel.
 13. Select the operating system of your server (select Debian, 64 bit if you're running a Blocks server based on our Linux server image).
 14. Install and run the Cloudflare Connector as instructed.
 15. Once the connector status says "connected" click Next.
 16. Specify a subdomain (if desired) and domain name for the connector.
 17. Wait for the tunnel to be created and show a "healthy" status.
 18. Open a browser using
 https://<subdomain>.<domain>/edit
 to access the editor.
 19. Connect spots using
 https://<subdomain>.<domain>/spot
 .
Substitute <subdomain>.<domain> above with your subdomain (if any) and domain name.
You're stongly advised to enforce the use of https on all connections, following instructions found here. Using HTTPS avoids sending passwords and other potentially sensitive data as clear text.
:!: IMPORTANT: Make sure you have set a secure password for all users of your Blocks server, so you're not using the default "pixi" password for the admin user.
To protect certain paths (such as everything under /edit in Blocks) with further authorization, add an Access policy in Cloudflare Zero Trust under Access > Applications > Self-hosted. In order to access the editor, you'll then need to further authorize access using the selected method, such as by email from an authorized domain.


Pokémon Wiki
9,183pages on
this wiki
Revision as of 23:57, May 19, 2013 by (Talk)
[[File:Type Ice.gif|link=Ice type]]
Species Fresh Snow Pokémon
Abilities Snow Cloak
None ← 471 → None
Kanto N/A Johto N/A
Hoenn N/A Sinnoh N/A
Unova N/A Kalos N/A
Evolves From [[Eevee]]
Evolves Into None
(グレイシア Gureishia)
[[Generation IV]]
Evolutionary Line
No evolution line
Weight Height
Pokédex Color Egg Group
Blue
Body Style Footprint
Glaceon (Japanese: グレイシア Gureishia) is an Ice-type Pokémon and is one of the seven evolutionary forms of Eevee.
Glaceon bears a resemblance to several types of animals, much like its pre-evolved form, including a dog, cat and fox. Its fur is a light-blue color, with diamond-shaped patterns on its back, tail, and ears in a darker shade of blue. Glaceon also has diamond-like shapes on its forehead.
Special Abilities
Glaceon have the ability Snow Cloak, which will raise their evasion in hailing weather. Glaceon tend to freeze their fur into protective needles it can fire when endangered.
According to the Pokédex, Glaceon can control their body heat and freeze the air around them to create a diamond-dust flurry.
Glaceon is the evolved form of Eevee. Eevee evolves into Glaceon when leveled up on Route 217 near Ice Rock in Platinum or Pokémon Diamond and Pearl. In Pokémon Black and White, this evolution happens when Eevee levels up near the ice-covered rock in Twist Mountain.
In the anime
Main article: May's Glaceon
May and Glaceon
May of Petalburg City evolved her Eevee into a Glaceon at Ice Rock. It debuted in A Full Course Tag Battle! when May appeared in the Diamond and Pearl anime. May used her Glaceon in the Wallace Cup in Strategy With A Smile! against Dawn's Piplup, but lost by only a couple of points.
There was a statue of Glaceon and Leafeon in the bell tower in the Pokémon movie The Rise of Darkrai. Also, Glaceon and the rest of the evolutions of Eevee made a brief cameo appearance at the beginning of Giratina and the Sky Warrior.
Cynthia Glaceon
Cynthia's Glaceon.
Game Info
Glaceon is a Generation IV Pokémon, first appearing in the Diamond and Pearl games.
Glaceon Locations
Version(s) Location Rarity
Diamond/Pearl Evolve Eevee None
Platinum Evolve Eevee None
HeartGold/SoulSilver Trade None
Black/White Dream World Event
Side Game Locations
Glaceon Locations
Game(s) Location
Lower Crevice Cave (B1F-B4F)
Pokémon Ranger: Shadows of Almia Ice Lake
Pokémon Rumble Rocky Cave
Pokédex Entries
Pokédex Entries
As a protective technique, it can completely freeze its fur to make its hairs stand like needles.
It causes small ice crystals to form by lowering the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere.
Black 2
White 2
Side Game Data
Pokémon Ranger: Shadows of Almia
No. Pokémon Group Field Move Poké Assist
R- PR Glaceon Sprite Glaceon Ice SOA Crush 3 Crush 3 SOA Ice Ice
Capture Points* On Sight**
Browser Entry
It shoots an icy beam from its mouth. It also attacks with hunks of ice.
Diamond Pearl Platinum HeartGold SoulSilver Back
Glaceon DP Glaceon(P)Sprite Glaceon(P)Sprite GlaceonGenIVBack
Glaceon Shiny DP Glaceon Shiny Pt Glaceon Shiny Pt GlaceonGenIVBackShiny
Black White Black 2 White 2 Back
File:Glaceon BW.png Glaceon Back V
Glaceon Shiny BW Glaceon Shiny Back V
X Y Omega Ruby Alpha Sapphire Back
Design origins
Like many of the Eeveelutions, Glaceon shares characteristics of foxes, dogs and cats. It is more closely based on an Arctic fox, due to their habitat. However, its large ears are similar to a Fennec fox.
The name Glaceon comes from the Latin word glacies, meaning ice, from which we also get the term glacier, a large, slow-moving mass of ice and snow accumulated over the course of centuries, capable of destroying mountains and reshaping whole continents in its wake.
 - Glaceon's Japanese name, Glacia, has the same name of one of the Hoenn Elite Four, Glacia.
 - According to the Diamond and Pearl Pokédex, Glaceon and Leafeon's footprints are the same (it may also may be related to the fact they both evolve under similar conditions, levelling up near a special rocks).
 Glaceon Toy
 - Glaceon has the highest Special attack of non-legendary Ice-type Pokémon.
 - Glaceon is tied with Espeon for the highest Special Attack of the Eeveelutions, although Espeon has a higher Speed and Glaceon has a higher Defense.
 - Glaceon's highest stat (like Jolteon has Speed, Flareon has Attack, etc.) can be evasiveness, due to its ability, Snow Cloak.
 - Despite Aurora Beam being an Ice-type move, Glaceon cannot learn it via levelling up, yet another evolution of Eevee's the water-type Vaporeon can. This could be due to the move's association with other pure water-type like the legendary Suicune.
 - Like Umbreon, Glaceon has a type-advantage against its evolutionary counterpart (Espeon and Leafeon respectively). The Dark-type Umbreon is strong against the Psychic-type Espeon and the Ice-type Glaceon is strong against the Grass-type Leafeon.
 - Both, Glaceon and Leafeon are weak against Flareon's Fire-type move's.
 - However unlike its counterpart Leafeon, Glaceon is weak against only a single of the evolutions of Eevee, while Leafeon (and Vaporeon which is weak against Leafeon and Jolteon) is weak against 2 (the Fire-type Flareon and the Ice-type Glaceon). It shares this trait with Flareon and Espeon (as Jolteon, Umbreon, and Eevee itself posses no weakness against the other Eeveelutions) both of which are weak to only one evolution of Eevee.
 - Like Flareon, Jolteon, Vaporeon, Umbreon, and Leafeon,Glaceon have a type-advantage against at least one of the Evolutions of Eevee types (Eevee and Espeon being the only ones not to possess a type advantage against any of the Eeveelutions).
 - Glaceon bears some appearance and power similarities as Oyuki from Urusei Yatsura series. It also shares the same species with Vanillite as them both being the Fresh Snow Pokémon.
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text:
On July 2, 2012, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced it would vote on long-delayed regulations on "conflict minerals" on August 22. The new rules were required by section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Act. That law set an April 2011 deadline for issuance of the rules, but the SEC missed that date and additional, internal December 2011 June 2012 targets.
The rules, which have proven extremely controversial and difficult to write, will implement Dodd-Frank requirements that publicly traded companies determine whether their products are derived from four minerals associated with the metals gold, tin, tungsten, and tantalum. These metals are widely used in electronics and a broad array of products, including jewelry, tools, engines, medical equipment, chemicals, packaging, and even ballpoint pens. If a company uses any of these metals, it must trace their origins through upstream supply sources to see whether any were mined in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or surrounding Central African countries. If they were, or if the possibility cannot be ruled out, the company must conduct extended diligence efforts, potentially including costly independent audits.
Fifty-eight members of Congress (including one Republican), frustrated by the SEC's delays in issuing the rules, sent a letter June 22 to SEC Chairman Mary Schapiro demanding a vote on the rules by July 1.
(For previous coverage of the conflict minerals issue in this blog, see here).


Finishing: The Science of Ironing
finishing science of ironing
ABOVE: An overview of three ironers operating in a plant that processes primarily hospitality goods.
Keeping ironers optimized from a utilization and maintenance perspective is the best way to realize an ROI from a textile finishing line. As we review the science behind the ironing process, a simple model (Figure 1: Ironing Pie®) is used to depict the four major variables that dictate capability. This article will explain the science behind these components. Although brief, this description of the "Ironing Pie" is an important concept to understand. It is critical that laundry operators understand the relationship between each piece, so that they can properly establish formulas for processing linens in an efficient and cost-effective manner.
the ironing pieThe four Ironing Pie components; temperature, moisture content, pressure and time are shown as equals only as a point of reference. Equal and balanced distribution of the four elements is not the case in a true ironing application.
Heat inarguably has the single-most direct impact on an ironer's ability to press fabric. Heat as a variable must be valued as the chest surface working temperature. The most common temperature range is from 325°–365°F ([162°–185°C] ideal operating range based on the heat source and the melt points of various blended materials). The most common form of ironer heat energy is steam, given that most laundry facilities already have boilers and the capacity to support the steam demands of the ironer (it should be noted that steam boilers run more efficiently when they have the proper load placed on them). Steam ironers tend to operate in the 325°–340°F (162-171°C) range, while thermal fluid heated units can operate at higher temperatures. Variations in chest temperatures during production can result in poor ironed quality with damp/wet items exiting the ironer, while prolonged exposure to extreme high temperatures can damage items.
This magnifies the importance of having a consistent moisture content in the linens as they are presented to the finishing lines. By doing so, established formulas will provide consistent quality and production output.
When establishing formula operating temperatures, it's recommended to consult your linen provider for guidance on how to properly care for your items. Knowing the items' maximum recommended exposure for temperature is always an important point to consider. The most common configuration is to operate the ironer as hot as possible and adjust line speed to control an item's exposure to heat.
Once an ironer's maximum operating temperature is established, any reduction in chest-surface temperatures will increase the time required for the items to be under pressure, resulting in slower line speeds. To offset operating at a slower line speed, other pieces of the Ironing Pie must be addressed. You can reduce the items' moisture content by increasing your extraction times, or extraction time under pressure (depending on how the linens are washed in conventional washer/ extractors, or if they are processed in batch tunnels). Additionally, you can positively influence line speeds to address higher moisture content by adding additional rolls/surface area to your ironer.
Moisture Content is a key component in the Ironing Pie. It starts as a weighted comparison of a linen's ability to retain moisture after undergoing processing through a press or washer/extractor cycle. This is achieved by weighing dry linens before being washed and again after the linens have been processed as delivered to the finishing line ready for ironing. Moisture content can then be calculated by following the formula below:
ironing news story
It's recommended that items contain 30%-40% moisture content before ironing. Adhering to this guideline will help ensure a quality ironed finish, while minimizing linen damage. It's true that a reduction in an item's moisture content is directly related to increased processing line speed under temperature as noted above. But fully dried items should not be processed through an ironer. Attempting to achieve lower extraction percentages might not be practical as a scale of diminishing returns will occur with no value added. Every site is different and each needs to qualify its own capabilities for this measure. When a site is having issues controlling moisture content, pre-conditioning loads in a dryer is another process that operators can consider. What's important is to develop a process of producing repeatable moisture content for items processed on the front end of the finishing line. Items exiting the ironer should maintain 2-3% moisture content, as this will allow smooth folds and preserve the life of the fibers, while reducing the creation of lint and static electricity. Items ironed fully dry without moisture retention present are prone to fiber damage, excessive accumulation of lint and the creation of high levels of static electricity. Increased front-end item moisture content will increase the amount of time required for an item to be under pressure, resulting in slower line speeds, which decreases throughput. To offset the impact of slower line speeds, increasing chest temperature and the contact area under pressure will help restore line speed. When chest temperature is operating at the highest potential for output, preconditioning select items has the potential to reduce moisture content, inversely restoring an ironing line's capability for throughput. It should be noted that discharging items with elevated moisture content will typically result in poor fold quality, folding equipment jams and unplanned operational downtime. Also, it can present a hygienic liability as mold can grow on damp linens that are stored or packaged for shipment to the end user.
The Ironing Pie defines pressure as the location where the padded roll applies pressure onto a sheet against a deep chest simultaneously. There are two components to pressure: The first is the surface area under pressure, which is dictated by the size of the roll utilized and the number or rolls with which the ironer is configured. The other pressure variable is the applied surface physical force between an ironer roll and its respective chest surface. The first pressure variable is established at the time of equipment purchase, often within the customer bid specification, which defines specific site-configuration factors and performance throughput. Ironer OEMs are best suited to provide guidance in sizing an ironer, since each manufacturer will understand the impact and limitation regarding the contact area under pressure and how their ironer will perform. It's debatable whether the use of this term might have been over-marketed. Simply put, an operator should look at the size of the ironing surface as a linear value and not the accumulative total area of square inches/centimeters. It's necessary to understand that the impact of the contact area under pressure is fixed to the number and size of rolls utilized. It is not recommended to leverage this value as the single qualifier for ironer performance, or to justify the purchase of similar-sized twoor three-roll ironers. Many additional factors require consideration (e.g., chest type, construction, design, number of rolls and size of rolls all need to be part of the selection process). Make sure to use all factored inputs to correctly define ironing needs. A good up-front purchasing decision establishes a flatwork line return on investment for years to come.
The Ironing Pie defines time as three different variables. The duration of time for each variable is site-specific and all are impacted by the factors identified in the Ironing Pie. They include:
 - Start Up Time
 - Production Time Under Pressure
 - Cool Down Time
Key input factors specific to ironer time are desired operating temperature, items processed, moisture content and contact pressures.
START UP TIME is the duration of time required to raise the temperature of the ironer from its current static or ambient temperature up to "hot" wax-ready operating temperature. This segment of time is directly dependent on the type of ironer, specifically its heat source with respect to starting chest temperatures. During this time most laundries will execute a wax procedure and will replace any missing guide ribbons so that when complete, the ironer is production ready.
PRODUCTION TIME UNDER PRESSURE is the segment of time when the ironer is hot at operational temperature and available to run flatwork production. This is when equipment utilization becomes a measurable, and where an ROI can be verified while looking for opportunities for improvement. A good approach is to tune the ironer line speed for sustainable site operations that is item-specific for predictable, repeatable results. During the utilization review, note all identified shortcomings. Some can be resolved as tuning opportunities, while others may be fixed constraints requiring a more complex series of solutions. A good objective should be to keep the ironer chest covered with items and processing with minimal gaps. Items should exit the ironer with 2%-3% moisture retention to prevent static electricity, producing a quality ironed, wrinkle-free appearance. Avoid attempting to configure line speeds to operate beyond the slowest piece of equipment or at full boiler capacity. Some cushion is required to absorb momentary changes in the plantoperating environment. Time under pressure is the amount of time that the ironer roll is pressing items into a hot chest. This value has a direct relationship to the amount of fixed contact area under pressure. The longer this linear contact pressure distance is, the less time under pressure is required to iron. Other factors that can impact time under pressure are fabrics. For example, 100% cotton will require more time under pressure than a cotton/poly blend or microfiber.
COOL DOWN TIME is the time period to lower the temperature of the ironer from operating speeds down to cooler "touchsafe" temperatures. It's obvious that cool down times will be affected by operating temperature and the type of medium used to heat the ironer, as well as the size of the ironer itself. Even if your daily operations never fully shut down laundry boilers, it's important to qualify the time required to cool the system for servicing the unit and restarting.


text:
FIRUZ KAZEMZADEH: One of the First USCIRF Commissioners Dies
USCIRF Expresses Its Deepest Regrets at the Passing of a Founder
WASHINGTON, DC – The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) was saddened to learn that on May 17 Dr. Firuz Kazemzadeh died. He was a professor emeritus of history at Yale, a distinguished member of the American Baha'i community, and a tireless champion of international religious freedom. In the accompanying picture, Dr. Kazemzadeh is shown (right) at a USCIRF hearing on Sudan in 2000.
Dr. Kazemzadeh was one of the first commissioners appointed to the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF), having been chosen by then President Bill Clinton in May 1999. The U.S. Congress established the Commission in the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (IRFA). Dr. Kazemzadeh was a leader of the American Baha'i community serving on the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of the United States (the elected Baha'i national governing council) for nearly four decades. In addition, he was a scholar and professor emeritus at Yale University.
USCIRF Chair Thomas J. Reese, S.J., said, on behalf of the Commission, that, "It was leaders such as Dr. Kazemzadeh who helped forge USCIRF into a strong and vibrant voice for religious freedom throughout the world. As we look to IRFA's 20th anniversary in 2018, we know the debt of gratitude we owe individuals such as Dr. Kazemzadeh. He spoke loudly and continuously about the importance of the freedom of religion or belief and ensured that it was always on the U.S. foreign policy agenda. We have dedicated ourselves to the same cause and will carry on in his spirit and memory."
In 2001, then U.S. Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle reappointed Dr. Kazemzadeh to a second two-year term. He served as a commissioner until 2003 and as Vice Chair from 2001 to 2002. In response to his reappointment, Dr. Kazemzadeh said, "The struggle for religious freedom, like the struggle for the abolition of slavery or the exploitation of child labor will be a long and difficult one, but the principles embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights will triumph and the Commission will contribute to their eventual triumph."
The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom is an independent, bipartisan U.S. federal government commission, the first of its kind in the world. USCIRF reviews the facts and circumstances of religious freedom violations and makes policy recommendations to the President, the Secretary of State, and Congress. USCIRF Commissioners are appointed by the President and the Congressional leadership of both political parties. To interview a Commissioner, please contact USCIRF at _EMAIL_ or John D. Lawrence, Director of Communications (_EMAIL_/_PHONE_)


Citrix SD-WAN
Protocol preference
Protocol preference is a Citrix SD-WAN specific feature, which is similar to router administrative distance.
When Citrix SD-WAN learns a route prefix through virtual paths, OSPF protocol, or BGP protocol, at the same time, it follows the following default preference order.
 - OSPF -150
 - BGP - 100
 - SD-WAN - 250
The protocol with the highest preference order is the most preferred. The route using the protocol with the highest protocol preference value
You can also choose to use the BGP protocol over the OSPF protocol by setting the protocol preference value, while configuring BGP or OSPF protocol. You can specify a preference in the range 100–200.
The protocol precedence information is local to the Citrix SD-WAN appliance and is not advertised to peer network elements.
Localized image
Protocol preference
In this article


text:
3 Ways Provider Payment E-Networks Support More Than EFT
As more health plans drive provider adoption of electronic payments and remittances, they may not realize that their EFT networks can be leveraged to solve additional challenges beyond high administrative and labor costs associated with processing paper checks.
A healthcare epayment network is just the foundation from which to build innovative solutions that address even more payment issues.
Here are three ways that health plans can leverage their networks:
1) Create innovative provider enrollment techniques
Many of today's networks have not been able to make a significant dent in enrolling the nearly 1 million providers in the U.S. Providers are often reluctant to participate because they are worried about fees and administrative costs associated with enrolling and participating. Many providers are not informed about EFT and how it works. They have a lot of misconceptions that hold them back.
That's why it is important to have a strong provider outreach program that incorporates a combination of tools that make it easy for providers to enroll, such as:
- Phone and email outreach campaigns
- Follow-up calls by experts to answer questions and provide guidance
- Educational information about EFT and the benefits to their practices
- Training sessions about how to optimize their enrollment
When providers are brought up to speed about the benefits to their bottom line, they tend to respond positively.
2) Facilitate value-based care reimbursement
Providers are slow to adopt value-based care because they lack resources to interpret and apply complex value contracts. They need help and guidance to stay on track with applying national standards of care consistently. Health plans have the perfect opportunity to communicate about quality information over their secure networks to simplify the process for providers.
Healthcare epayment networks are ideal for securely exchanging sensitive medical information via attachments. Health plans can inform providers about care gaps on demand and provide guidance on the quality measures needed to close the care gaps, as well as information about financial incentives available for taking action. Providers, in turn, can share proof of care gap closures to receive their incentives. It's that simple and offers an alternative solution to interoperability.
3) Drive member satisfaction and engagement
About a third of health plan members are lukewarm about customer support and want more digital features in their health plan services. No matter what a consumer is purchasing, the payment experience is always at the center of the overall experience. Health plans can leverage the epayment platform to build an online premium payments capacity that offers positive payment experiences.
It's no secret that health plans are behind with employing the latest technologies to address business needs, such as member engagement. Offering the kind of flexible, mobile-optimized payment options that consumers have come to expect can help health plans develop positive relationships with consumers beyond payments.
Optimize Your Epayment Network with Payspan
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- Give your members what they want – flexible, digital payment options
- Engage your providers with value-based care


text:
Definition of irritation :
1. A condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or excessive or vitiated action.
2. The act of exciting, or the condition of being excited to action, by stimulation; -- as, the condition of an organ of sense, when its nerve is affected by some external body; esp., the act of exciting muscle fibers to contraction, by artificial stimulation; as, the irritation of a motor nerve by electricity; also, the condition of a muscle and nerve, under such stimulation.
3. The act of irritating, or exciting, or the state of being irritated; excitement; stimulation, usually of an undue and uncomfortable kind; especially, excitement of anger or passion; provocation; annoyance; anger.
mood, pain in the neck, rage, anger, toughness, fervour, impatience, menace, rawness, annoying, aggravator, bothering, peeve, drag, plague, nuisance, excitement, pest, biliousness, fervor, choler, joke, concern, feelings, pain in the ass, irritability, fretfulness, tenderness, pip, outrage, besetment, surliness, fury, temper, asperity, stress, aggro, humour, upset, calamity, neuralgia, animosity, peevishness, snappishness, incitement, help, eina, botheration, irritant, pestering, incitation, humor, worry, pettishness, excitation, chafe, passion, innervation
discontentment (part of speech: noun)
displeasure, despondence, sourness, joylessness, inquietude, anxiety, ennui, angst, disgruntlement, disquiet, unhappiness, gloominess, frustration, boredom, wretchedness, non-satisfaction, uneasiness, cheerlessness
pain (part of speech: noun)
grief, spasm, headache, burn, hurt, stitch, painfulness, suffering, wound, stab, malaise, earache, smarting, cramp, bite, crick, sting, migraine, pain, pang, rack, torment, back-ache, infliction, gripe, distress, sore, agony, ache, affliction, injury, anguish, wrench, throe, torture, misery, discomfort, inflammation, bruise, throb, chafing
aggravation (part of speech: noun)
painfulness (part of speech: noun)
aggravation, severity, distressfulness, uncomfortableness, woefulness, acuteness, annoyingness, odiousness, oppressiveness, unpleasantness, irksomeness, grievousness, offensiveness, arduousness, cruelty, hurtfulness
sensitivity (part of speech: noun)
resentment (part of speech: noun)
hard feelings, acerbity, ill humor, soreness, resentment, rancor, bitterness, pique, spite, bile, antagonism, huffiness, umbrage, envy, vexation, infuriation, sullenness, wrath, discontent, dissatisfaction, indignation, offense
- He spoke with an illsubdued irritation I knew not how to soothe. - "Daisy Burns (Volume 2)", Julia Kavanagh.
- Gaiety turned to irritation, irritation to anger and fear. - "The Celestial Omnibus and other Stories", E. M. Forster.
- Lady Niton looked at her with mingled amusement and irritation. - "The Testing of Diana Mallory", Mrs. Humphry Ward.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


How to contribute
The EnMAP-Box is a freely available, platform-independent software designed to process hyperspectral remote sensing data, and particularly developed to handle data from the EnMAP sensor.
The EnMAP-Box source code is hosted in a public git repository at
Approved QGIS plugin versions ("production releases") are available in the QGIS Plugin Repository
The development of the EnMAP-Box is funded within the EnMAP scientific preparation program under the DLR Space Administration (mission lead) and GFZ Potsdam (scientific lead) with resources from the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy.
Everyone is welcome to contribute to the EnMAP-Box
Submit a bug report or feature request
In case you experience issues with the EnMAP-Box, do not hesitate to submit a ticket to our Issue Tracker. You are also welcome to post feature requests or pull requests.
 - Verify that your issue is not being currently addressed by other issues or pull requests.
 - If you are submitting a bug report, please:
 - Report a short description how to reproduce it
 - If necessary, provide a link to the data that causes the bug
 - If not feasible to include a reproducible snippet, please be specific about what part of the EnMAP-Box (functions, widget) are involved and the shape of the data
 - Include your operating system type and version number of QGIS, Qt and the EnMAP-Box.
 - Please ensure that code snippets and error messages are formatted in appropriate code blocks.
 You can use this Markdown syntax to style your issues.
Provide source code
If your are not an EnMAP-Box core developer, the preferred way to contribute your code code is to use pull requests.
 1. Fork the EnMAP-Box repository
 2. Clone your fork
 3. Modify the source code
 4. Commit your modifications
 5. Push your modification to your fork and
 6. Create a pull request
1. Create a fork on Bitbucket
Forking the EnMAP-box repository allows you to modify the EnMAP-Box code as you like and backup your contributions in a separated Bitbucket repository. To create a fork,
 1. log in to and visit
 2. Click '+' and Fork this repository
 3. Select a name and workspace for your EnMAP-Box fork, hereafter called enmap-box-fork
Create an EnMAP-Box fork in
Please read for details how you can create your own fork of the EnMAP-Box repository.
Please note that forking in does not copy git lfs tracked files:
2. Clone the forked EnMAP-Box repository
Clone enmap-box-fork to your local disk:
git clone -n
You might see some git lfs errors. Ignore them.
Go into the repository folder and force to checkout the develop branch.
cd enmap-box-fork git checkout develop -f
You can ignore smuge errors. Add the EnMAP-Box repository as upstream repository:
git remote add upstream
Now fetch git lfs files from the upstream directory:
git lfs fetch upstream
From now on, you can synchronize your fork with the EnMAP-Box repository by:
$git fetch upstream develop
$git merge upstream/develop
to get the latest updates from the develop branch. Call:
$git push
to upload them to the remote
Now install python requirements and run the initial setup for the EnMAP-Box repository, as described in Installation
3. Modify the local repository
As you like, you can continue modifying the EnMAP-Box code in the develop branch or create a new one 'my_modifications':
$ git checkout -b my_modifications
4. Commit your changes
Save your changes by committing them to your local repository:
$ git add modified_files
$ git commit -a -m 'added x, modified y and fixed z' -s
Please use signed commits to label your individual contribution visible. Even better, use GnuPG-signed commits (-S).
5. Push changes back to your fork
A push will upload your changes to
$ git push
6. Create a pull request
Open the Bitbucket webpage of your fork and create a pull request. The pull request will inform us on the changed you made.
Before you create a pull request, please check the following:
 - make sure that every source code file provides a licence notice
 - make sure your code passes the tests and provide tests if your like to provide new functionality, like EnMAP-Box Applications
 - make sure your code is commented and documented
 - make sure your name is listed in the
 - update your feature branch to the current EnMAP-Box develop branch:
 git fetch upstream develop
 git merge upstream/develop
 - rebase your changes and push them to your forked repository:
 git push -f
 - describe your pull request with a helpful title, e.g using the following labels:
 - [feature] a new feature
 - [fix] a fix for a known issue. If possible, please refer to existing issue numbers like in #123 #124.
The EnMAP-Box documentation is based on Sphinx-build reStructured text and hosted at. The *.rst files are located in the repositories doc/source folder.
To build and text the documentation on your local system, navigate into the doc folder and run the make file:
$ cd doc
$ make html
This will start Sphinx and create the HTML documentation into folder doc/build. Open doc/build/html/index.html to visualize it in your web browser.
The software produced for the EnMAP-Box is licensed according to the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License (SPDX short identifier: GPL-3.0), or (if desired) any later version. See either or for further details of the license.
A copy of this license is part of the EnMAP-Box repository (LICENSE.txt) and delivered with each release of an EnMAP-Box plugin.
The EnMAP-Box documentation is published under the terms of the Creative Commons 1.0 Universal (CC0) License. See for further details of the license.
Each source code contribution to the central repository should include a reference to the GPL-3 license terms at the beginning of the file:
 -
 begin :
 copyright : (C)
 email :
 (at your option) any later version.
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 GNU General Public License for more details.
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with this software. If not, see <>.
An example from the source code can be found here: enmapbox/
Images and other multimedia content from the EnMAP-Box documentation, i.e files within the EnMAP-Box repositories doc/source folder, are published under the terms of the CC0 license.
The purpose of CLAs are to clearly define the terms under which intellectual property has been contributed to the EnMap-Box and thereby allow us to defend the project should there be a legal dispute regarding the software at some future time.
Individual Contributor License Agreement (ICLA)
The EnMap-Box Consortium desires that all maintainers and contributors of ideas, code, or documentation to the EnMAP-Box project complete, sign, and submit an ICLA.
A signed ICLA is required to be on file before an individual is given commit rights to the EnMap-Box repository. The ICLA form for filling and signing is available here.
The ICLA is not tied to any employer, so it is recommended to use one's personal information, e.g. for email address in the contact details, rather than an email address provided by an employer.
Corporate Contributor License Agreement (CCLA)
For a corporation that has assigned employees to work on the EnMap-Box, a CCLA is available for contributing intellectual property via the corporation, that may have been assigned as part of an employment agreement.
Note that a CCLA does not remove the need for every developer to sign their own ICLA as an individual, which covers both contributions which are owned and those that are not owned by the corporation signing the CCLA.
The CCLA legally binds the corporation, so it must be signed by a person with authority to enter into legal contracts on behalf of the corporation. The CCLA form for filling and signing is available here.
Submitting License Agreements
Documents may be submitted by email and signed by hand or by electronic signature. The files should be named icla.pdf and icla.pdf.asc for individual agreements; ccla.pdf and ccla.pdf.asc for corporate agreements. Zip files, other archives, or links to files are not accepted. The files must be attached to the mail.
When submitting by email, please fill the form with a pdf viewer, then print, sign, scan all pages into a single pdf file, and attach the pdf file to an email to If possible, send the attachment from the email address in the document. Please send only one document per email.
If you prefer to sign electronically, please fill the form, save it locally (e.g. icla.pdf), and sign the file by preparing a detached PGP signature. For example, gpg –armor –detach-sign icla.pdf
The above will create a file icla.pdf.asc. Send both the file (icla.pdf) and signature (icla.pdf.asc) as attachments in the same email


text:
Conventional Drilling Recorder
Matherne Instrumentation's drilling recorder system is designed to monitor up to 7 drilling functions. The system is completely mechanical, needs no electrical power to operate, and is easily connected to existing instrumentation through the use of quick disconnects. The system is portable, durable, and easily operated and maintained by onsite personnel.
The system includes recorder, recorder stand, box of charts, 2 derrick pulleys, dog house pulley, retriever for rate of penetration function, hydraulic and air hoses, air valve, E/P transducers for RPM/SPM function,mounting plate, filter regulator, hook ups for rotary torque, and diaphragm protector for pump pressure function.
- Duplicate 12-hour or 24-hour strip charts in English, metric, or SI metric measurements.
- Available in 1-, 3-, 5-, or 7-pen configurations.
- Weight – detects downhole problems such as tight holes or cave-ins as they occur.
- Penetration – indicates each 1 foot and 5 foot depth drilled (or each 1/3 meter and 1 meter).
- Rotary RPM – enables optimum penetration.
- Rotary Torque – alerts operator about problems such as worn bits, formation changes, and out-of-gauge holes.
- Pump Rate SPM – ensures accurate calculations of fluid volume pumped into the system. When used with other records, can help predict kick areas for offset wells.
- Pump Pressure – provides warning of potential downhole problems.
- Pit Level – indicates problems such as kicks or lost circulation.
- Fluid Flow – warns of lost circulation, formation fluid influx, or kicks.
- Number of Functions
- Description of Functions
- Type of Rotary Table (Chain Driven or Top Drive)
- Sensors Required
- 12 or 24 Hour Charts
- Units of Measure (English, metric, or SI)
Download the Drilling Recorders brochure Matherne PDF


Sunday, August 27, 2017
Java: Enforcing a minimum number of method arguments using varargs
Sometimes you need to write a method that requires at least a certain number of arguments. For example, let's say you have a calculation that requires three or more integer arguments. You could write it like this:
public static int calculate(int... args) {
 if (args.length < 3) {
 throw new IllegalArgumentException("At least 3 arguments expected");
 }
 // do something
 return result;
}
The problem with this is that the client cannot tell how many arguments are required and, if they are pass in too few arguments, the method will fail at runtime rather than compile time. You also have to explicity validate the number of arguments passed into the method.
A better way is to declare the method to take 3 normal arguments and 1 varargs arguments, like this:
public static int calculate(int a, int b, int c, int... rest) {
 // do something
 return result;
}
Saturday, July 29, 2017
Java 8: Multimaps
A multimap is a Map which maps a single key to multiple values e.g. HashMap<String, List<String>>.
Java 8 introduces a Map.computeIfAbsent method, which makes inserting values into a multimap much simpler:
Map<String, List<String>> multimap = new HashMap<>();
multimap.computeIfAbsent(key, k -> new ArrayList<>()).add(value);
Prior to Java 8, a multimap was usually created as follows:
// create the map
Map<String, List<String>> multimap = new HashMap<>();
// put a key/value into the map
List<String> list = multimap.get(key);
if (list == null) {
 multimap.put(key, list = new ArrayList<>());
}
list.add(value);
Or with Guava's Multimap class:
ListMultimap<String, String> multimap = ArrayListMultimap.create();
multimap.put(key, value);
You can read more about Java 8 updates to the Map class in my previous blog post.
Saturday, July 22, 2017
Java: Splitting a Pipe-delimited String - Fast!
This post shows how you can efficiently split a pipe-delimited string e.g. "foo|bar|baz". There are many ways to do this - I could even write my own - but I will only use those that are available in the JDK (or commonly used libraries) and will measure the performance of each.
Remember that, since the pipe symbol (|) is a special character in regular expressions, it needs to be escaped if necessary.
1. String.split
The most obvious way to split a string on the pipe character is to use Java's String.split:
public static String[] split(String s) {
 return s.split("\\|");
}
2. String.split with Pattern.quote
Instead of escaping the pipe ourselves, we can use Pattern.quote to do it for us. (Note: Pattern.quote("|") returns "\Q|\E".)
public static String[] splitWithPatternQuote(String s) {
 return s.split(Pattern.quote("|"));
}
3. Pattern.split
Create a static Pattern and use it to split the string.
private static final Pattern SPLITTER = Pattern.compile("\\|");
public static String[] splitWithPattern(String s) {
 return SPLITTER.split(s);
}
4. StringUtils.split
Apache Commons provides StringUtils.split, which splits a string on a single character:
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
public static String[] splitWithStringUtils(String s) {
 return StringUtils.split(s, '|');
}
So, which one is fastest?
I ran each method on 1 million pipe-delimited strings of different lengths - RandomStringUtils.randomAlphabetic is great for generating random strings - and the table below shows how long each one took:
MethodTime (ms)
split485
splitWithStringUtils520
splitWithPattern643
splitWithPatternQuote936
An interesting observation is that splitWithPatternQuote is so much slower than split, even though they both call String.split internally! If we delve into the source code for String.split, we can see that there is an optimisation (a "fastpath") if the provided regex has two-chars and the first char is a backslash. This applies to "\\|" but, since Pattern.quote produces \Q|\E, it does not use the fastpath and instead creates a new Pattern object for every split. This also explains why it is slower than splitWithPattern, which re-uses the same Pattern object.
Monday, May 29, 2017
Stack Overflow - 150,000 rep reached!
I've been a bit quiet on Stack Overflow lately, but just managed to reach 150,000 reputation!
For me, Stack Overflow has not simply been a quest for reputation, but more about learning and helping fellow programmers in need.
Sunday, May 21, 2017
Shell Scripting: <, << and <<<
This post shows the difference between the three standard input redirection operators: <, << and <<<.
1. <
< allows you to pass data contained in a file to the standard input of a command. The format is:
command < file
Examples:
# replace comma with new-lines:
tr ',' '\n' < file
# read a file line-by-line and do something with each line:
while IFS= read -r line; do
 # do something with each line
 ssh "$line" who -b
done < hosts.txt
2. <<
<< allows you to pass multi-line text (called a here-document) to a command until a specific "token" word is reached. The format is:
command << TOKEN
line 1
line 2
TOKEN
For example:
# query a database
sqsh -S server -D db << END
select * from table
where foo='bar'
go
END
3. <<<
<<< allows you to pass a string of text (called a here-string) to a command. If you find yourself echo-ing text and piping it to a command, you should use a here-string instead. (See my previous post on Useless Use of Echo.) The format is:
command <<< text
Examples:
tr ',' '\n' <<< "foo,bar,baz"
grep "foo" <<< "foo,bar,baz"
mailx -s subject $USER <<< "email body"


text:
The Hamilton-Norwood scale is a way of measuring male pattern baldness. It was introduced by Dr. James Hamilton in the 1950s and later revised and updated by Dr. O'Tar Norwood in the 1970s.
There are 2 main types of balding, anterior (front) and vertex (back), as this alternate view of the Norwood scale shows a bit more clearly.
Stages on the scale are often abbreviated to nw1, nw2, nw3a etc. Another slight variation on the scale is shown below.
Baldness in women takes a different pattern, and is measured on the Ludwig Scale.
I intend to give each of my postings a rating on the Norwood scale, but remember that this is only personal opinion and sometimes I may get it wrong. The Norwood scale is a less than perfect way of measuring baldness, but it is the best and most widely recognised way we have.
An alternative look at the Norwood Scale can be found at shortandbald.net
3 years ago


text:
Estudio fitosociológico de los bosques de Nothofagus glauca (Phil.) Krasser del Centro-Sur de Chile
[A phytosociological study of the Nothofagus glauca (Phil.) Krasser woodlands of South-Central Chile]
Amigo, Javier; San Martín, José; García Quintanilla, Luis
This study characterized the woodlands dominated by the deciduous Chilean endemic species Nothofagus glauca (local name hualo) in the Cordillera de la Costa and foothills of the Andes, between latitudes 35° and 37° South. Fieldwork and subsequent analysis followed Braun-Blanquet methodology, and considered both hualo-dominated woodland and the associated scrub communities arising after disturbance. These woodlands are considered to form part of a single association, which we denominate Bomareo salsillae-Nothofagetum glaucae ass. nova. The syntaxonomic position of the new association is discussed, and a new suballiance including it is proposed, Nothofagenion glauco-alessandri suball. nova.


Linking Software Design Metrics to Component Change-Proneness
 1. Lookup NU author(s)
 2. Dr Claire Ingram
 3. Dr Stephen Riddle
Author(s)Ingram C; Riddle S
Publication type Report
Series TitleSchool of Computing Science Technical Report Series
Legacy DateJune 2011
Report Number1257
Full text is available for this publication:
One technique from value-based software engineering involves prioritising the system and selectively applying time-consuming techniques (such as traceability) in order to maximise return on investment. This prioritisation could be based on predicted change-proneness of code modules, if a sufficiently accurate prediction can be achieved. Several previous studies have examined links between software change-proneness and software metrics such as size and complexity. However, conclusions differ as to the strength of the relationships. We present here a new case study project, extracting a range of complexity values from the code modules and testing for the existence of a significant link between change-proneness and complexity. We find only limited evidence of a linear relationship, but analysis using other statistical techniques does reveal some other significant links.
InstitutionSchool of Computing Science, The University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Place PublishedNewcastle upon Tyne
ActionsLink to this publication


Ask Difference
Reservoir vs. Lake — What's the Difference?
Edited by Tayyaba Rehman — By Maham Liaqat — Updated on August 9, 2024
Reservoirs are man-made bodies of water created for specific purposes like water supply, while lakes are natural water bodies formed by environmental processes.
Reservoir vs. Lake — What's the Difference?
Difference Between Reservoir and Lake
ADVERTISEMENT
Key Differences
Reservoirs are artificial constructs, often created by damming rivers to store water for human use such as drinking, irrigation, or hydroelectric power; whereas lakes are naturally occurring bodies of water, typically formed by geological or environmental changes like glacial activity or volcanic activity.
The primary purpose of reservoirs is to manage water resources for human activities, ensuring supply during dry periods and controlling flood risks; while lakes primarily serve ecological roles, supporting diverse ecosystems and often becoming recreational sites.
In terms of biodiversity, reservoirs might have limited species diversity initially due to their artificial nature and the specific conditions created by water management practices; on the other hand, lakes often host a wide variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms that have adapted to their natural environmental conditions over millennia.
Reservoirs are usually monitored and maintained by governmental or private entities to meet human demands and safety standards, including regular checks on water quality and dam stability; whereas lake management might be less intensive unless they are part of a conservation or tourist area.
The water levels in reservoirs are generally controlled and can fluctuate significantly depending on human usage and seasonal cycles; in contrast, lake water levels are more influenced by natural factors like precipitation, evaporation, and inlet/outlet stream flows.
ADVERTISEMENT
Comparison Chart
Origin
Man-made, often by damming rivers
Natural, formed by environmental processes
Primary Purpose
Water storage for human use, flood control
Ecological balance, recreation
Biodiversity
Often limited initially; controlled environment
High; evolved naturally over time
Management
Actively managed for water quality and safety
Less intensively managed
Water Level
Controlled, subject to human needs
Influenced by natural factors
Compare with Definitions
Reservoir
A part of a mechanical system that holds fluid.
Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir.
Lake
A popular location for recreational activities like fishing and boating.
They spent the weekend fishing on the lake.
Reservoir
An area where water is collected and stored for future use.
Fish populations in the reservoir have been carefully monitored.
Lake
A large body of water surrounded by land.
Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America.
Reservoir
An artificial lake where water is stored.
They visited the scenic reservoir during their vacation.
Lake
A natural or man-made pond or basin filled with water.
The village by the lake attracts many tourists in summer.
Reservoir
A storage space for fluids, especially water.
The new reservoir holds enough water to irrigate the entire valley.
Lake
A landscape feature contributing to local biodiversity.
The lake supports a variety of bird species.
Reservoir
A reservoir (; from French réservoir [ʁezɛʁvwaʁ]) is most commonly an enlarged natural or artificial lake created using a dam to store water. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of water, interrupting a watercourse to form an embayment within it, through excavation, or building any number of retaining walls or levees.
Lake
A significant body of stagnant water.
The ancient lake bed was discovered during the excavation.
Reservoir
A natural or artificial pond or lake used for the storage and regulation of water.
Lake
A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although like the much larger oceans, they form part of Earth's water cycle.
Reservoir
A receptacle or chamber for storing a fluid.
Lake
A large area of water surrounded by land
Lake Victoria
Boys were swimming in the lake
Reservoir
An underground accumulation of petroleum or natural gas.
Lake
An insoluble pigment made by combining a soluble organic dye and an insoluble mordant.
Reservoir
(Anatomy) See cisterna.
Lake
A large inland body of fresh water or salt water.
Reservoir
A large or extra supply; a reserve
A reservoir of goodwill.
Lake
A scenic pond, as in a park.
Reservoir
(Medicine) An organism or population that directly or indirectly transmits a pathogen while being virtually immune to its effects.
Lake
A large pool of liquid
A lake of spilled coffee on my desk.
Reservoir
A place where anything is kept in store.
Lake
A pigment consisting of organic coloring matter with an inorganic, usually metallic base or carrier, used in dyes, inks, and paints.
Reservoir
A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.
Lake
A deep red.
Reservoir
A small intercellular space, often containing resin, essential oil, or some other secreted matter.
Lake
A large, landlocked stretch of water or similar liquid.
Reservoir
A supply or source of something.
Lake
A large amount of liquid; as, a wine lake.
Reservoir
A species that acts as host to a zoonosis when it is not causing acute illness in other susceptible species.
Lake
A small stream of running water; a channel for water; a drain.
Reservoir
(computing) A "black box" component that receives an input signal to be read out and mapped by another process, as part of reservoir computing.
Lake
(obsolete) A pit, or ditch.
Reservoir
(transitive) To store or keep (something) in or as in a reservoir.
Lake
(obsolete) An offering, sacrifice, gift.
Reservoir
A place where anything is kept in store; especially, a place where water is collected and kept for use when wanted, as to supply a fountain, a canal, or a city by means of aqueducts, or to drive a mill wheel, or the like.
Lake
(dialectal) Play; sport; game; fun; glee.
Reservoir
A small intercellular space, often containing resin, essential oil, or some other secreted matter.
Lake
(obsolete) A kind of fine, white linen.
Reservoir
A large quantity of infectious microorganisms resident in animals other than man, potentially capable of being transmitted to humans.
Lake
In dyeing and painting, an often fugitive crimson or vermillion pigment derived from an organic colorant (cochineal or madder, for example) and an inorganic, generally metallic mordant.
Reservoir
A large quantity of infectious microorganisms or parasites resident in animals other than man, potentially capable of being transmitted to humans; especially, such organisms in animals where they do little or no harm to the host.
Lake
In the composition of colors for use in products intended for human consumption, made by extending on a substratum of alumina, a salt prepared from one of the certified water-soluble straight colors.
The name of a lake prepared by extending the aluminum salt prepared from FD&C Blue No. 1 upon the substratum would be FD&C Blue No. 1--Aluminum Lake.
Reservoir
A large supply or stock of anything which may be rapidly put to use; a reserve.
Lake
(obsolete) To present an offering.
Reservoir
A large or extra supply of something;
A reservoir of talent
Lake
To leap, jump, exert oneself, play.
Reservoir
Lake used to store water for community use
Lake
To make lake-red.
Reservoir
Tank used for collecting and storing a liquid (as water or oil)
Lake
A pigment formed by combining some coloring matter, usually by precipitation, with a metallic oxide or earth, esp. with aluminium hydrate; as, madder lake; Florentine lake; yellow lake, etc.
Lake
A kind of fine white linen, formerly in use.
Lake
A large body of water contained in a depression of the earth's surface, and supplied from the drainage of a more or less extended area.
Lake
To play; to sport.
Lake
A body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land
Lake
A purplish red pigment prepared from lac or cochineal
Lake
Any of numerous bright translucent organic pigments
Common Curiosities
How is a lake formed?
A lake is formed by natural processes such as glacial activity, volcanic activity, or changes in river courses.
Can a lake be artificially created?
Yes, a lake can be artificially created by damming rivers or excavating land.
What are common uses of reservoirs?
Common uses include water supply, irrigation, flood control, and recreation.
How do reservoirs affect local ecosystems?
They can alter local ecosystems by changing water flow and temperature regimes.
What is a reservoir?
A reservoir is an artificial lake where water is stored for various purposes, such as supplying water or generating hydroelectric power.
What is the difference between a reservoir and a dam?
A reservoir is the body of water stored behind a dam, which is the structure built to hold back water.
What types of activities can be done on a lake?
Activities include boating, fishing, swimming, and water sports.
Do all lakes have natural outlets?
Most natural lakes have outlets, but some do not, especially in arid or closed basins.
Are reservoirs safe for aquatic life?
Safety for aquatic life in reservoirs depends on water quality and management practices.
Why are reservoirs important for cities?
They provide a reliable water source for urban areas, supporting drinking, sanitation, and industrial activities.
What wildlife is typically found in lakes?
Lakes often host fish, birds, amphibians, and various aquatic organisms.
How are lakes protected by law?
Many lakes are protected under environmental laws to preserve their natural state and ecosystem.
How deep are reservoirs compared to lakes?
Depth can vary widely, but reservoirs are often deeper near the dam structure.
What are the challenges in managing a reservoir?
Challenges include maintaining water quality, managing sediment, and balancing water needs with ecological preservation.
Can reservoirs be used for energy production?
Yes, many reservoirs


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Patients with tracheotomies are managed by a wide variety of healthcare professionals. As a result, information regarding best practice is scattered throughout the medical literature and can be difficult to identify and implement in the clinical setting. Tracheotomy Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach is a practical review of all tracheotomy procedures and acute and chronic tracheotomy care. It combines evidence-based practice and expert opinion to create an invaluable hands-on guide for any healthcare provider managing patients with tracheotomies. Each chapter is authored by at least two different subspecialists, contains case studies with real-life examples of problematic clinical scenarios, and is enhanced by high quality images. The rationale for different approaches is discussed to guide the decision-making process. Written and edited by tracheotomy experts from a wide variety of disciplines, Tracheotomy Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach is essential reading for anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists and critical care and emergency physicians.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes


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Have you ever heard of Shakshuka, better known as Israeli food? It is widely believed that Shakshuka was born in Tunisia. In Tunisia, they call it Ojja. I made Ojja using a Tunisian recipe.
How do you make enough for all of us at once? It was created to solve the problem. It is crispy and goes well with soup.
The Kellogg brothers created this food by accident. After the brother quarrel, younger brother spread it around the world.
This is made by rubbing the tomatoes directly on the hardened bread to soften it. It's a simple dish that even a child can make, but it was even better than I imagined.
Eggs last for a long time unless you break them. They were served in sushi restaurants during the Edo period in case the fish were not caught, and they slowly became known.
An Argentinean dish of french fries cooked with eggs. It's French fries and eggs. How can you not enjoy it? Every country has a similar dish.


text:
Karigheid en plasticiteit: een sterke combinatie. Interview met Henk Strijbosch
RAVON , Volume 11 - Issue 1/2 p. 20- 25
At the ravon members meeting on November 7, 2008 dr. Henk Strijbosch received the Lenders Award for his stimulating role during his more than 30 years of lectureship at the Radboud University in Nijmegen. Thanks to his inspiring and open minded way of education many students in zoology became passionate herpetologists. The field excursions in many European countries, guided by Henk Strijbosch, were famous among the students. His favourite species is the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara), which he has studied intensively. The Lenders Award was established in 2006, to honour persons who have distinguished themselves for their efforts to protect native amphibians, reptiles and fish. The award is named after Ton and Rob Lenders, two brothers who played an important role in the study and protection of these animals in the Netherlands.


text:
There is no legitimate reason why women can't be sushi chefs, but plenty of excuses and old wives' tales abound in the male-dominated world of raw fish. Here, we recount the top reasons given to us by men as to why women and raw fish don't gel:
5. Because women menstruate: In an interview with the WSJ, Yoshikazu Ono, the son of Jiro Ono who runs the three-starred Michelin restaurant Sukiyabashi Jiro in Tokyo, says:
"The reason is because women menstruate. To be a professional means to have a steady taste in your food, but because of the menstrual cycle women have an imbalance in their taste, and that's why women can't be sushi chefs."
4. Because women wear makeup and perfume: These interfere with olfactory senses when preparing sushi.
3. Because women can't handle the work: Sushi involves hard labor, including gutting and slicing fish, working long hours and taking the last train home.
2. Because women have smaller hands: That messes up the size of the nigiri (mound of rice upon which the fish is placed).
1. And the number one reason: Because women's hands are too warm, which makes the rice too warm.
Needless to say, all of these reasons are bogus, folks.
View a slideshow of Nadeshico Sushi in Tokyo. It is Japan's first sushi restaurant featuring a cast of female chefs.
Follow Mariko Sanchanta on Twitter _USER_
For the latest news and analysis, follow _USER_


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How long do leaves take to decompose?
It's autumn, which means that leaves are falling from the trees and covering the ground. If you're like most people, you probably just see them as a nuisance that you have to rake up. But have you ever stopped to think about how long it takes for leaves to decompose? It turns out that the answer is not as simple as you might think. The rate of decomposition depends on a number of factors, including the type of leaf, the moisture level, and the temperature. In this blog post, we will explore these factors in more detail and give you a better idea of how long it takes for leaves to decompose.
What is decomposition?
The process through which organic stuff decomposes into more basic organic or inorganic substances is called decomposition. The decomposition of leaves, for example, is caused by the action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms break down the complex carbohydrates and other molecules in leaves into simpler compounds that can be used by plants and animals.
The rate at which leaves decompose depends on a number of factors, including the type of leaf, the climate, and the presence of other organisms. In general, however, it takes several months for leaves to fully decompose.
The decomposition process
When leaves decompose, they do so through a process of decay. This process is caused by the activity of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, which break down the organic matter in the leaves. The rate at which this happens depends on a number of factors, including the type of leaf, the temperature, and the amount of moisture present. In general, however, it takes leaves several weeks or even months to fully decompose.
Factors that affect the rate of decomposition
There are many factors that affect how quickly leaves decompose. Some of these include:
-The type of leaf: Some leaves decompose faster than others. For example, oak leaves take much longer to break down than maple leaves.
-The size of the leaf: Larger leaves will decompose more slowly than smaller ones.
-The temperature: Warmer temperatures will speed up the decomposition process.
-The moisture level: If the leaves are too dry, they will not decompose as quickly. If they are too wet, however, decomposition will also be slowed down.
-The presence of other organic matter: Leaves will decompose more quickly if there is other organic matter present to help break them down (such as worms or other insects).
How long does it take leaves to decompose?
When leaves fall from trees in autumn, they begin to decompose. The process of decomposition is slower in colder climates, but generally, it takes leaves a few weeks to several months to completely break down and become part of the soil.
Leaves are broken down by bacteria and fungi, which release enzymes that accelerate the decomposition process. Oxygen is also necessary for decomposition to occur, so leaves will decompose more quickly in moist conditions where there is plenty of oxygen available.
As leaves decompose, they release nutrients that are essential for plant growth back into the soil, making leaf litter an important part of the ecosystem.
It's clear that leaves decompose at different rates depending on the type of leaf and the conditions it's in. However, in general, it takes leaves a few weeks to several months to completely decompose. So if you're looking to add some extra nutrients to your garden, consider using fallen leaves as compost. With a little patience, you can turn those dead leaves into something alive and beautiful.


Question: How Much Does Plastering Walls Cost?
How much does it cost to plaster a wall?
Plastering walls costs between $2 and $10 per square foot.
If you have high walls, you can expect to pay an additional $0.40 to $2 per square foot for scaffolding..
How do I calculate plastering costs?
Subtotal material cost = cement cost + sand cost = 28 + 25 = INR 53. step 4 :- labour rate and charges:- labour rate and cost for internal wall plastering is INR 15 to 18 per sq ft or INR 161 to 193 per sq m, consider labour rate and cost in this calculation is INR 180 per sq meter. Total cost = 233 + 35 = INR 268.
How much do plasterers charge UK?
On average, a plastering project in the UK will cost between £150 – £500. The total plastering cost will vary depending on the size of your room. Remember that any additional items, such as the need for scaffolding, can add on to the cost.
What's the difference between plastering and skimming?
Skimming is the name provided to a plastering method where a wall is plastered with a layer of thin coat. It is usually applied to an existing plaster to smooth the surface area. … Another difference between skim and plaster is that plaster surface areas are constantly rough whereas a skimmed surface area is smooth.
How much does it cost to plaster a brick wall?
The cost of plastering typically costs between $2-$10 per square foot, so you can expect to pay a renderer anywhere from $500 to $20,000 depending on the size and complexity of the job.
How long does it take to do a plastering course?
around two yearsAn intermediate plastering apprenticeship takes around two years to complete. If your employer can provide you with the right experiences you can progress onto a Level 3 qualification.
Is it easy to plaster over Artex?
Is plaster more expensive than drywall?
Because it is hand applied by skilled artisans, it is a higher quality, more expensive material. When building a new house, real plaster walls are more expensive than drywall.
How much do plasterers charge per day UK?
How much do plasterers charge per hour? Plasterers don't only charge per job or per day. They also charge by the hour as well. A typical hourly rate, depending on whereabouts you are in the country but can be from £8 to £19 per hour, with a median of about £12 per hour.
How much do plasterers charge per hour?
In New South Wales plasterers charge $48 per hour and in South Australia and Western Australia, they charge $50 per hour, so they will be closer to the $20 per square metre rate.
Can I plaster a wall myself?
Anyone can plaster a wall (really, anyone), but you need to follow a formula. You can't just pick up a trowel and start throwing plaster on the walls. … Knowing what plastering tools and general DIY tools to use. Correctly preparing your walls for plastering (failing to do this can cause chaos)
How much does a plasterer charge per day?
Replastering Walls Repairing or re-skimming over existing plaster to correct blemishes in plaster. For a small room, prices range between £380 and £500. For medium rooms, you can expect to pay from £420 and £550 respectively. Average duration is between 1 and 2 days depending on the size of the room.


Home the idea the product news contacts
the idea
Calx is a Latin word meaning limestone, in English.
This concept allows to remount to Roman era, where lies the origin of the Portuguese Pavement technique.
Creating a tradable good conceived mainly for export:
- supression of the displacement of specialized workforce
- standard application
- faithful look of the portuguese pavement
- ease of transportation due to the thickness and reduced weight
Innovation of the business model of Portuguese Pavement:
- enhancement of a Portuguese product with a strong historical legacy in the world
- enlargement of the type of applications
- revitalization of an economic sector of the region


Vera Ivanova Markova
Films Profiles
Vera Markova
name Vera Ivanova Markova
age 27
kind of entrepreneurship Greenrevolucia An on line for environmentally friendly shop that distributes alternatives to disposable plastic products and educates consumers about the importance of protecting the environment.
field of activity Trade and Education
Short description of the business or initiative
Education and positive example.
Spread information about the harm which plastic disposable items are causing to us and to our planet.
Show alternatives which add more value to both us and our Earth.
What problem are you trying to solve and why?
The use of packing and plastic products -She believes that consumers have a choice to a cleaner and more conscious way of life.
What is your target group? Level of impact (concentrated to the specific group, local, regional, wider…)
By Revolucia, they are educating users of all age groups because they see the society as one.
Is social enterprise the best way they can help?
Yes-Vera can't work without a cause, this seems to her a waste of time. In Social Entrepreneurship, she likes the fact that a good example can also inspire other people to change the world for the better.
Why this industry/area/topic, and why now?
Vera spent almost 2 years volunteering at a vegan, nature-friendly campus in the city of Auroville, India. There, she lived in cottages, the electricity was from solar panels, she had to pump the water needed for bathing and washing. It was prohibited to import in the campus products in plastic packaging, as well as products containing harmful ingredients. There Vera learned a lot about how we can reduce our harmful impact on the environment. She was inspired and decided to transfer the good examples in Bulgaria.
What drives your motivation?
The joy in the eyes of the people and seeing how together we manage to save the planet from tons of unnecessary plastic with practical solutions.
What does it take to be successful?
1. Love, 2. Discipline, 3. Dedication
 - Specificskills-Takingrisks, innovation, creativity
 - Soft skills-Time management, Ability to resolve conflicts, Adaptability, Skills for making quick decisions
 - Relevant experience-Knowledge of foreign languages, sales and marketing experience, IT knowledge etc.


text: Treating electron correlation more accurately and efficiently is at the heart of the development of electronic structure methods. In the present work, we explore the use of stochastic approaches to evaluate high-order electron correlation energies, whose conventional computational scaling is unpleasantly steep, being O(Nn+3) with respect to the system size N and the perturbation order n for the Møller-Plesset (MP) series. To this end, starting from Goldstone's time-dependent formulation of ab initio many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), we present a reformulation of MBPT, which naturally leads to a Monte Carlo scheme with O(nN2 + n2N + f(n)) scaling at each step, where f(n) is a function of n depending on the specific numerical scheme. Proof-of-concept calculations demonstrate that the proposed quantum Monte Carlo algorithm successfully extends the previous Monte Carlo approaches for MP2 and MP3 to higher orders by overcoming the factorial scaling problem. For the first time, Goldstone's time-dependent formulation is made useful numerically for electron correlation energies, not only being purely as a theoretical tool.


a Parent object can use a Guardian object because the wipe_nose method called on either a Parent or Guardian object means "Grab a tissue, then hang on to your kid."
Alternately, you can slice all of these behaviors into more meaningful and smaller units of behavior: GoodHygiene could include the cover_your_mouth method and the wipe_nose and the brush_teeth methods. Perhaps they act on the invocant by default, so you can compose that role into any Person class -- but perhaps there's a role which represents performing good hygiene principles on a kid. Perhaps not. It depends.
Perhaps your Parent is also the Guardian for a grandparent. Perhaps your Parent is the Child of a grandparent. Perhaps your Child does babysitting for even younger children.
How do you model those relationships with an inheritance hierarchy?
The important question is not "How do these entities relate to each other in a static taxonomy?" but rather "What do you do?"
Next time: roles versus duck-typing.


Diogène et son tonneau by Gedeon Baril
Diogène et son tonneau (La Lune 106, January 1870)
Gédéon Baril was a 19th century French painter, writer and cartoonist from the Picardy area. He was a pupil of the Parisian painter Léon Cogniet. Baril, who often signed with his first name, was a contributor to magazines like Le Hanneton and Le Soleil, and was one of the co-founders of La Lune in 1865. He was drafted during the Franco-Prusian War, during which he made a series of drawings called 'Nos vainqueurs' ('Our Victors'). He also worked for the Chés Cabotans marionette shows from his hometown Amiens, and illustrated the book 'Dix heures en chasse' by his friend Jules Verne.
Le Bain de Madame Pipelet by Gedeon
Le Bain de Madame Pipelet (La Lune)
Image source: University Library Heidelberg
Last updated: 2013-06-11
Series and books by Gédéon Baril in stock in the Lambiek Webshop:


Bits & Bytes
Posts Tagged 'programming'
Rendering Transparent 3D Surfaces in WPF with C#
The primary problems that arise when rendering semi-transparent 3d objects in Windows Presentation Foundation have to do with false z-buffer occlusions. Specifically, when a transparent surface or polygon is rendered, it sets the z-buffer depth values to block objects that are behind it from being rendered, even though they should show through the transparent layer.
In WPF with C#, the z-buffer is not accessible. So, it can not be disabled during transparent rendering. Instead, we must render the transparent objects last so that they are layered over the rest of the scene and the objects behind them show through.
Below, I have a program for the single code file that I used to generate the spinning, transparent tetrahedron shown above. The C# project that I used is a simple Console Application project with the libraries PresentationCore, PresentationFramework, and WindowsBase references added to it as I showed in a prior post: Using WPF in a C# Console Application. The Main() function creates the Window for the program and calls TransparentScene() to do all of the rendering.
Inside the function TransparentScene(), I create the camera, the light, the animated rotation transformation, the tetrahedron geometry, and then use that geometry to specify three tetrahedrons. The first tetrahedron is called the Inner Tetrahedron because it is scaled to fit inside the others. The second tetrahedron is called the Outer Tetrahedron and is semi-transparent. The third tetrahedron is also part of the Outer Tetrahedron, but consists of the opaque back faces. Note that it only makes sense to render the back faces because the front faces are semi-transparent. Otherwise, the back would not be visible.
At the end the code, I use the following lines to add the tetrahedrons to the scene:
Notice that the transparent "Outer Geometry" layer is added last. This is necessary to avoid false occlusions.
For comparison, I have included the image below with four different arrangements. The first (top-left) shows the scene with the transparent outer layer added before the inner and after the back. The second (top-right) shows the transparent outer layer added before both the inner and the back layers. The third (bottom-left) shows the transparent layer added before the back and after the inner layer. The last (bottom-right) shows the scene with the transparent layer added last as it is in the code.
using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Media3D;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
namespace WpfTransparent {
 class Program {
 static void Main(string[] args) {
 Window qWindow = new Window();
 qWindow.Title = "Transparent Rendering";
 qWindow.Width = 400;
 qWindow.Height = 300;
 qWindow.Content = TransparentScene();
 static Viewport3D TransparentScene() {
 // Define the camera
 PerspectiveCamera qCamera = new PerspectiveCamera();
 qCamera.Position = new Point3D(0,.25, 2.25);
 qCamera.LookDirection = new Vector3D(0, -.05, -1);
 qCamera.UpDirection = new Vector3D(0, 1, 0);
 qCamera.FieldOfView = 60;
 // Define a lighting model
 DirectionalLight qLight = new DirectionalLight();
 qLight.Color = Colors.White;
 qLight.Direction = new Vector3D(-0.5, -0.25, -0.5);
 // Define the animated rotation transformation
 RotateTransform3D qRotation =
 DoubleAnimation qAnimation = new DoubleAnimation();
 qAnimation.From = 1;
 qAnimation.To = 361;
 qAnimation.Duration = new Duration(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5000));
 qAnimation.RepeatBehavior = RepeatBehavior.Forever;
 qRotation.Rotation.BeginAnimation(AxisAngleRotation3D.AngleProperty, qAnimation);
 // Define the geometry
 const double kdSqrt2 = 1.4142135623730950488016887242097;
 const double kdSqrt6 = 2.4494897427831780981972840747059;
 // Create a collection of vertex positions
 Point3D[] qaV = new Point3D[4]{
 new Point3D(0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
 new Point3D(2.0 * kdSqrt2 / 3.0, -1.0 / 3.0, 0.0),
 new Point3D(-kdSqrt2 / 3.0, -1.0 / 3.0, -kdSqrt6 / 3.0),
 new Point3D(-kdSqrt2 / 3.0, -1.0 / 3.0, kdSqrt6 / 3.0)};
 Point3DCollection qPoints = new Point3DCollection();
 // Designate Vertices
 // My Scheme (0, 1, 2), (1, 0, 3), (2, 3, 0), (3, 2, 1)
 if ((i/3) % 2 == 0) {
 } else {
 // Designate Triangles
 Int32Collection qTriangles = new Int32Collection();
 Int32Collection qBackTriangles = new Int32Collection();
 // Designate Back Triangles in the opposite orientation
 qBackTriangles.Add(3 * (i / 3) + (2 * (i % 3) % 3));
 // Inner Tetrahedron: Define the mesh, material and transformation.
 MeshGeometry3D qFrontMesh = new MeshGeometry3D();
 qFrontMesh.Positions = qPoints;
 qFrontMesh.TriangleIndices = qTriangles;
 GeometryModel3D qInnerGeometry = new GeometryModel3D();
 qInnerGeometry.Geometry = qFrontMesh;
 // *** Material ***
 DiffuseMaterial qDiffGreen =
 new DiffuseMaterial(new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 0, 128, 0)));
 SpecularMaterial qSpecWhite = new
 SpecularMaterial(new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 255, 255)), 30.0);
 MaterialGroup qInnerMaterial = new MaterialGroup();
 qInnerGeometry.Material = qInnerMaterial;
 // *** Transformation ***
 ScaleTransform3D qScale = new ScaleTransform3D(new Vector3D(.5,.5,.5));
 Transform3DGroup myTransformGroup = new Transform3DGroup();
 qInnerGeometry.Transform = myTransformGroup;
 // Outer Tetrahedron (semi-transparent) : Define the mesh, material and transformation.
 GeometryModel3D qOuterGeometry = new GeometryModel3D();
 qOuterGeometry.Geometry = qFrontMesh;
 // *** Material ***
 DiffuseMaterial qDiffTransYellow =
 new DiffuseMaterial(new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(64, 255, 255, 0)));
 SpecularMaterial qSpecTransWhite =
 new SpecularMaterial(new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(128, 255, 255, 255)), 30.0);
 MaterialGroup qOuterMaterial = new MaterialGroup();
 qOuterGeometry.Material = qOuterMaterial;
 // *** Transformation ***
 qOuterGeometry.Transform = qRotation;
 // Outer Tetrahedron (solid back) : Define the mesh, material and transformation.
 MeshGeometry3D qBackMesh = new MeshGeometry3D();
 qBackMesh.Positions = qPoints;
 qBackMesh.TriangleIndices = qBackTriangles;
 GeometryModel3D qBackGeometry = new GeometryModel3D();
 qBackGeometry.Geometry = qBackMesh;
 // *** Material ***
 DiffuseMaterial qDiffBrown =
 new DiffuseMaterial(new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 200, 175, 0)));
 qBackGeometry.Material = qDiffBrown;
 // *** Transformation ***
 qBackGeometry.Transform = qRotation;
 // Collect the components
 Model3DGroup qModelGroup = new Model3DGroup();
 ModelVisual3D qVisual = new ModelVisual3D();
 qVisual.Content = qModelGroup;
 Viewport3D qViewport = new Viewport3D();
 qViewport.Camera = qCamera;
 return qViewport;
Creating a Simple Form to Display Text Messages in C#
The output of the program looks like this:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using FormStringOutput;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace MyConsoleApplication
 class Program
 static void Main(string[] args)
 Form qMyForm = new Form();
 // Sets the title bar text
 qMyForm.Text = "An Important Message";
 TextBox qMyTextbox = new TextBox();
 qMyTextbox.SetBounds(0, 0, 400, 300);
 qMyTextbox.Multiline = true;
 qMyTextbox.ScrollBars = ScrollBars.Vertical;
 qMyTextbox.ReadOnly = true;
 qMyForm.ClientSize = qMyTextbox.Size;
 // Add the Textbox to the form
 // Display the form
Using Arrays in JavaScript
Arrays are containers that hold a sequence of objects that can be accessed via the bracket operator [] and an integer index. Since JavaScript is not a strongly-typed language, JavaScript arrays are very versatile and can hold objects of


text:
Digits In A Box
Object: take it apart and put back together
Difficulty: Level 8 - Demanding
Brand: Popular Playthings
Types: Plastic Interlocking Puzzles, Eric Harshbarger
Maker: Popular Playthings
Inventor: Eric Harshbarger
This is not your everyday "fit the pieces back in the box" puzzle, but those who have the stamina to persevere will be consoled to know that the number of possible configurations has been calculated as 4,239! Digits in the Box is a unique puzzle that requires players to fit each of ten geometric shapes into a cube container. These shapes are 3-D representations of the numbers 0 through 9. Unlike the three-dimensional pieces in most box puzzles, these digits lie flat. The pieces can be turned and fitted together to form a cube that fits snugly in the plastic box. No solution is included, but you may find yourself wishing to see one.