VibroMetra User Manual
Configuration of a digital output

Each digital output can be configured individually.
Configuration of a digital output
1
Close

1. Close This button closes the window.
But it can be opened again, for instance by a double click in the selection tree. Only deleting the annunciator will erase it permanently.
2
Status bar

2. Status bar
The status bar indicates
 - operating mode
 - last command
 - number of sent commands
 - number of errors occured when sending commands
3
Reset counter

3. Reset counter
This button zeros the counter for the errors.
4
Expand/collapse settings

4. Expand/collapse settings This button expands/collapses the setting area.

The annunciator uses less space on the screen in collapsed state.
5
Selection of the switching contact

5. Selection of the switching contact
In this area, you select the concrete switching contact.
 - All detected device types are listed up.
 - All devices of the selected type are listed up. They are represented by their addresses since there might be several devices of the same type.
 - Finally you can select the switching channel of the selected device (most devices feature several digital outputs).
6
Switching behavior

6. Switching behavior

In this area, you decide at which state the digital output is to switch on. The output switches off if the connected instrument shows a different state.
7
Hold time

7. Hold time
You can enter a minimum hold time after switching on to make sure that slower successive devices are able to recognize the switching state.


CS Car Speed Profi
The Car Speed Profi introduced in 1981 was the second ESC from CS Electronic but comparing with the older Car Speed Super this one was designed as real race ESC and a 2nd generation design. This means not one but three large powertransistors were used for motordrive and one additional powertransistor for dynamic brake. A relay activated at endpoint of braketravel provided a fixed speed reversefunction. A BEC unit was used as well for powering receiver and steeringservo. For lowering the weight of this ESC CS went with an aluminium plate as heatsink for the powertransistors and a heatshrink instead of a heavy case. This also is the route most European ESC manufacturers were going for lower weight that time.
The second generation of ESC tried to overcome the handicap of their predecessors. Comparing with mechanical speedcontrols early ESC had a much faster response time but also had very large voltagedrop what means the motor had less revs and power at full throttle. To overcome this situation there were two solutions.
The first one as used by British and Japanese ESC mostly was using an additional speedrelay for bypassing the voltagedrop of about 0.7-1V of the powertransistor. Demon Products from Great Britain was one of the first manufacturers using such speedrelay at their Demon 2D ESC.
The second solution was using not one but multiple number of powertransistors in parallel. This meant less burden for each transistor and a lower voltagedrop overall. This is the design as used by this CS ESC. More informations to find at our coming Special on "Vintage" ESC.
inside view
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International differences: units and ingredients aims to help English speakers around the world who are interested in Swedish food by providing reliable, easy-to-follow recipes as well as some background information about Swedish food.
The problem
We may all speak English, but we use different units and sometimes we use different names for ingredients.
Choosing units for recipes
Swedes virtually only ever use electric ovens and measure temperatures in °C and they measure ingredients in grammes and decilitres. However, we thought it was important to use units that are more familiar to readers so we have adopted two sets of units:
- Modern British units, shown first,
- 'American' units, shown afterwards in brackets.
Where possible we recommend using the British units as all recipes on this site are tested using the British units and it is not always possible to find a convenient conversion.
Alternative names are given in brackets
Where we know a different word is used for an ingredient in another part of the world then we put the British word first and then the alternative word in brackets afterwards. For instance, what we in the UK call Rice Krispies are known as Rice Bubbles in Australia (they are used in one our recipes for a Midsummer Cake). Note: we don't bother if there is only a minor spelling difference.
We don't know what we don't know!
We don't know what we don't know! If you find any of our recipes use ingredients that have another English name where you live please let us know so that we can add the alternative name to the recipe to make it easier for other readers.
Our use of italics
We normally put Swedish names in italics after the title of a recipe as many readers are curious to know the Swedish name.
If you are curious to know how a word is pronounced in Swedish we recommend using the audio facility on a translation machine such as Google. When you paste Swedish words into the box a loudspeaker icon will appear, circled in red above. Click on the icon and you can hear the words pronounced. Although not perfect, we think it is better than a written pronunciation guide.
Ovens and temperatures
A lot of British cooks use gas or fan ovens so in the UK three sets of temperatures are normally provided in recipes. We are providing four sets because many of our readers measure temperatures in °F. To help readers we have produced a full conversion chart below for reference.
Conventional Electric °CConventional Electric °FGasFan °C*
110°C 225°F ¼ 100°C
130°C 250°F ½ 120°C
140°C 275°F 1 130°C
150°C 300°F 2 140°C
170°C 325°F 3 150°C
180°C 350°F 4 160°C
190°C 375°F 5 160°C
200°C 400°F 6 170°C
220°C 425°F 7 180°C
230°C 450°F 8 190°C
250°C 475°F 9 200°C
 *For fan ovens you should check the instruction manual that came with your oven.
Weights and volumes
In Britain most ingredients are measured by weight and not volume. Where appropriate we try to give both.
In the case of bread and cake recipes we recommend weighing the ingredients in grammes if you can as it is sometimes hard to determine an equivalent volume.
Some other practical conversions are given below:
1 tsp = 5 ml
1 tbsp = 15 ml
1 cup = 236 ml
1 pint = 550 ml
1 oz = 28 g
8 oz = 225 g
1 lb = 450 g
1" = 2.5 cm
In the UK there are four main types of cream, whereas in America there are three main types. The table below shows the main differences.
Butterfat content British name American name
10.5 -18% Not usually sold but can be made by mixing whole milk and cream Half and half cream
18 - 20% Single cream Single cream but sometimes called light cream
30% Not usually sold Whipping cream
30-40% Whipping cream Heavy cream (sometimes also called heavy whipping cream)
48% Double cream Not usually sold
55 - 60% Clotted cream Devonshire cream
In most recipes it won't matter if you substitute a different cream with a similar fat content. For example, you can easily substitute heavy cream for double cream. However, anything with less than 30% fat content is hard to whip.
Unless stated otherwise, recipes in the UK that refer to flour normally mean plain (all-purpose) wheat flour. This is a fairly soft flour, suitable for making cakes and biscuits. However, it is normally too soft for bread making. As a result we normally use imported Canadian or Russian flour for bread making and this is sold as strong flour, although occasionally we grow a Canadian variety of wheat in the UK specially for bread making. In American you can use all-purpose flour in place of strong flour, although it is probably better to use bread flour.
Swedes use a wide range of flours with most breads containing at least some rye flour. The availability of rye flour is improving, but you may need to go to a health food store to buy rye flour or you can buy it online.
Potato and cornflour
What we call potato flour in the UK is called potato starch in the America. Similarly what we call cornflour in the UK is called cornstarch in America.
Caster sugar
In the UK there are two types of granulated white sugar that are readily available: granulated and a finer granulated sugar called caster sugar, often called superfine sugar in America. In most recipes you can substitute granulated sugar for caster sugar.
Confectioner's/Icing sugar
Confectioners' sugar or powdered sugar are American terms. In the UK confectioners' sugar is called icing sugar. (For more information about sugars for Swedish food please click here.)
Despite the claims in some cookery books, fresh yeast is not readily available in many parts of the UK. Instead supermarkets and delicatessens tend to stock dried yeast. This comes in two forms but our recipes normally use fast-action, sometimes called 'Easy bake' yeast or 'quick yeast'. As that is the type of yeast that most people in the UK can buy easily it is the only type used on this site. (For more information about yeast for Swedish food please click here.)
Availability of ingredients
Where we know that ingredients are hard to obtain in the UK or in America we will try and suggest alternatives. If you have any suggestions to help please do not hesitate to let us know.
Different words
Where we know that Brits and Americans and/or Australians use different words for the same thing we will try to put the British word first and then the alternative name in brackets afterwards. The main differences are:
British word American or Australian word
Aubergine Egg plant
Beetroot Beet
Bicarbonate of soda Baking soda
Biscuit Cookie
Broad beans Lima beans
Caster sugar Granulated sugar
Chips Fries
Cling film Food wrap or cling wrap
Cornflour Cornstarch
Courgette Zucchini
Crisps Chips
Dark chocolate Bittersweet chocolate
Desiccated coconut Dry unsweetened shredded
Greaseproof paper Waxed paper
Grill Broil
Hare Jackrabbit
Icing sugar Confectioners' sugar
Jacket Potato Baked potato
Kipper Smoked herring
Mature cheese Sharp cheese or aged
Minced Ground
Muslin cloth Cheesecloth
Prawns Shrimps
Purée Paste
Rashers bacon Strips bacon
Rice Krispies Rice Bubbles
Scrape potatoes Scrub potatoes
Starter Appetiser
Streaky bacon Fatty bacon
Strong flour Bread flour
Swedes Rutabagas
Sweet Candy
Treacle Molasses
Unsalted butter Sweet butter
Vanilla pod Vanilla bean
As always, if you think there is any other differences which we need to clear up please email us.
John Duxbury
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John Duxbury
Editor and Founder


text:
It seems strange that a traditional childhood carpet has been reinvented into the War Zone Carpet by Chebad Abdallah. The designer Abdallah is one of the four creators behind Cheesecake Powerhouse, a creative studio founded in Berlin. This carpet boasts all of the scenarios of battle and a war-torn city with images of explosions, impacts into buildings, missiles and nuclear reactor melt-downs.
This home decor showcases quite a unique set of images in carpet and in cartoon-esque form. This carpet's presentation of its subject matter is juxtaposed quite purposefully to shock, disturb and dismay the viewer. There are also those out there who would love to see the War Zone Carpet by Chebad Abdallah in their man cave because it's rugged, manly and unnecessarily violent.
The War Zone Carpet by Chebad Abdallah is Explosively Alarming
1. War Zone Carpets - Creating carpets with images of battle and war-torn cities, shockingly disrupting traditional childhood decor.
2. Cartoon-esque Home Decor - Using cartoon-like imagery in home decor to juxtapose and shock viewers, pushing the boundaries of traditional design.
3. Man Cave Rugs - Designing rugged and violent-themed carpets for man caves, redefining conventional notions of masculinity in interior design.
1. Home Decor - Innovating the home decor industry by introducing carpets with unconventional and unsettling imagery.
2. Interior Design - Disrupting the field of interior design by incorporating cartoon-like elements into decor, challenging traditional aesthetic norms.
3. Men's Lifestyle - Redefining the concept of man caves and masculine spaces with carpets that feature rugged and violent themes.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
- 1 How long does Parmesan last in fridge?
- 2 How long does grated Parmesan cheese last after expiration?
- 3 How do you know if Parmigiano Reggiano is bad?
- 4 How do you store Parmesan cheese after opening?
- 5 Does Parmesan go bad in the fridge?
- 6 Is mold on parmesan cheese harmful?
- 7 What does bad Parmesan cheese smell like?
- 8 How long does grated cheese last in the fridge?
- 9 Why is Parmigiano Reggiano so expensive?
- 10 What happens if you don't Refrigerate grated Parmesan cheese?
- 11 What does mold look like on Parmesan cheese?
- 12 Can you store Parmesan cheese at room temperature?
- 13 Can I store Parmesan cheese in the freezer?
- 14 How long does a wedge of Parmesan cheese last?
How long does Parmesan last in fridge?
Hard Cheeses Some of our favorite cheeses in this category include Parmesan, Asiago, Romano and cheddar. When stored properly in the fridge, an unopened package can last between two and four months. An opened package of Parmesan or block of cheddar, however, is good for about six weeks in the fridge.
How long does grated Parmesan cheese last after expiration?
An open package usually retains the best quality for up to two months when stored in the fridge. Grated Parmesan degrades faster, but it will be edible at least a week after the expiry date printed on the label. However, you should consume open refrigerated shredded or grated cheese within seven days.
How do you know if Parmigiano Reggiano is bad?
Parmigiano – Reggiano cheese that is going bad typically will develop a very hard texture, will darken in color, will develop a strong smell and mold may appear; see instructions above for how to handle mold on a chunk of Parmigiano – Reggiano cheese.
How do you store Parmesan cheese after opening?
To keep Parmesan fresh, proper storage is necessary: It should be wrapped tightly in plastic wrap and kept in the refrigerator. Cheese that has been exposed to air may start to turn white, or the rind may start to thicken.
Does Parmesan go bad in the fridge?
Unopened, the parmesan should last about 7 to 9 months. When it comes to shredded or grated parmesan that's sold refrigerated, it should have a "use-by" date too. Since the product is shredded, its quality degrades faster. Thus it should keep for about a week past that date, and that's it.
Is mold on parmesan cheese harmful?
Advertisement. Mold generally can't penetrate far into hard and semisoft cheeses, such as cheddar, colby, Parmesan and Swiss. So you can cut away the moldy part and eat the rest of the cheese. These molds are safe for healthy adults to eat.
What does bad Parmesan cheese smell like?
That distinctive pukey smell you allude to is the whiff of butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid naturally ocurring in plant and animal fats. It's found in vomit, and it's found in parmesan cheese (it's found elsewhere, too, but let's not digress).
How long does grated cheese last in the fridge?
Properly stored, an opened package of shredded cheddar cheese will last for about 5 to 7 days in the refrigerator. Once the package is opened, consume or freeze the shredded cheddar cheese within the time shown for refrigeration, even if the "Best By," "Best if Used By," or "Use By" date has not yet been reached.
Why is Parmigiano Reggiano so expensive?
It all comes back to specific bacteria. These good bacteria only grow in this area of the world, making it physically impossible to create this cheese in its true form anywhere else. There are only 329 dairies in the world that can make this cheese, which helps add to the price.
What happens if you don't Refrigerate grated Parmesan cheese?
Wait a moment and try again. Does grated Parmesan cheese go bad if you don't refrigerate it after opening? Yes, grated Parmesan cheese, whether grated yourself or the pre- grated, store bought products, will degrade more quickly in several ways if left at room temperature rather than stored in the fridge.
What does mold look like on Parmesan cheese?
Small specks of surface mold may develop (blue or green typically), but they're harmless—easily scraped off with no ill effect to the cheese underneath. You may notice, especially in Swiss and Parm types aged over one year, white specks or crystallized patches.
Can you store Parmesan cheese at room temperature?
Can Parmesan Parmigiano Reggiano be stored outside the refrigerator? For a few days yes, you can keep it even at room temperature, but keep in mind that the fridge is always the best choice.
Can I store Parmesan cheese in the freezer?
3 Answers. Yes, you can freeze parmesan cheese. Even without freezing, Parmesan is very durable since the low water and high salt content prevents mould from growing.
How long does a wedge of Parmesan cheese last?
a wedge of Parmesan cheese is generally aged 9-12 months by the time you bought it. If you keep the cheese dry and tightly wrapped it will last easily for another 6 months or more in your fridge. If air or moisture gets to the cheese it will mold pretty quickly.


text:
Product or Service
single superphosphate SSP fertilizer P2O5 18%
Profile:Manufacturer - Producer|Ref:PSL210501YH | Country: China | Currency: | Export: No
SSP is one of forms of phosphate
SSP supplies sulphate, one of the other important nutrients in all soils
SSP supplies calcium
The ratio of P and S suits many crop and pasture needs
Both the P and S are in readily available forms
SSP can be blended with other products to make a range of products
SSP can be stored easily for long periods, without taking up moisture
SSP contains calcium and sulphur (mostly as gypsum) and helps keep soil in good shape by maintaining soil structure
SSP provides a balance of P, S and Ca that mimics pasture growth requirements and is the best balanced P, S, & Ca fertiliser for Australian pastures
SSP is a low analysis product, more granules means more point sources of P for soil contact. (better spatial distribution)
Single Super Phosphate is produced by reacting naturally occurring Rock Phosphate with Sulphuric Acid. This process converts insoluble phosphates into forms more readily available to plants.
Phosphate Rock + Sulphuric Acid → Single Super Phosphate
Impact Fertilisers' SSP manufacturing process uses blends of various Phosphate Rock sources.
Critical steps in the process include:
- Grinding the Phosphate Rock (PR) to the correct size
- Accurately metering the PR, Sulphuric Acid, and water
- Mixing together thoroughly
- Time for the reactions to occur
The reacted material is fed into a granulation drum and across a screening process to produce granulated Single Super Phosphate.
The Single Super Phosphate is then stored for a period of weeks to allow further reactions to occur within the product to maximise the proportion of available Phosphate in the commercial product.
The cured Single Super Phosphate is dried and screened prior to dispatch.
Low cost source of P and S in a wide range of pasture and cropping situations. SSP is a traditional product for supplying P and S to pastures, the main two nutrients required for pasture production. Source of P in mixes with N and K for a range of crop and pasture needs. Generally mixed with Sulphate of Ammonia and Muriate of Potash, but can be blended with other fertilisers.
4. STORAGE AND HANDLING
-SSP can be stored for relatively long periods (0 - 6 months).
-SSP does not take up moisture from the air.
-SSP can be used in a wide range of spreading and sowing equipment.
-Particles may deteriorate in time so long-term storage (> 6 months) is not recommended.
-Do not mix with Urea, DAP or products with a low critical humidity as products will react and become gluggy.
-The portion of finer particles may cause problems such as blockages and uneven flow in some airseeders designed for high analysis products.
-Do not store in silos.
Moisture:10%max(powder) 3%max (granule)
Contact the company


text:
Singapore BMI Calculator
* Adjusted to lowered BMI ranges
Singapore BMI calculator is tuned to particularities of oriental life style and food preferences. Calculator is adjusted to lowered BMI ranges. Severe underweight is considered only if calculator shows index lower than 15. If the values of calculator are between 18.5 and 22.9, the risk of health problems is low. People with BMI of 27.5 and higher are found at increased risk of heart disease and diabetes.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Simply begin typing or use the editing tools above to add to this article.
Once you are finished and click submit, your modifications will be sent to our editors for review.
A transverse section of trunk also shows linear features called rays radiating from pith to bark and ranging in width from very distinct, as in oak, to indistinct to the naked eye, as in pine and poplar. Certain softwoods, such as pine, spruce, larch, and Douglas fir, possess resin canals. In a transverse section examined with the naked eye or a hand lens, resin canals appear as small dark or...
What made you want to look up "ray"? Please share what surprised you most...

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The UK retailer
That means they calculated everything that goes into the carbon footprint such as the components, manufacturing, transportation, even the amount of energy consumers will use to wash and dry the underwear.
One interesting discovery from calculating the carbon footprint of lingerie was the discovery of how much impact lace and embroidery have on the footprint's size. So, lingerie that is simpler is also "greener." And, using manufacturing techniques that use renewable energy and reduce waste, they were able to reduce the carbon footprint by approximately 33% compared to traditional lingerie manufacturing.
Follow HerRoom on Twitter for daily tips.


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Why is it called a tablespoon?
why is it called a tablespoon? - cookthink
A spoon used at the table to serve or to eat soup is referred to as a tablespoon. But the tablespoon is also a measure of volume (roughly equal to 1/2 fluid ounce) that first appeared as a word in the middle of the 18th century.
As recipes began to be written down with greater frequency, the unit of a tablespoon may have been used as a measurement simply because it was a utensil that was already there (like the teaspoon). Today, most people use specially made measuring spoons when following recipes rather than dipping into their own silverware drawers.
In French, the tablespoon is called a cuillière à soupe, or soup spoon; the teaspoon is called a cuillière à café.
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Artibonite Department
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Coordinates: 19°27′0″N 72°41′0″W / 19.45°N 72.683333°W / 19.45; -72.683333
(Kréyòl): Latibonit
Country Haiti
Capital Gonaïves
 - elevation m (20 ft)
Area 4,895 km² (1,890 sq mi)
Population 1,299,398 (2003)
Density 265.5 /km² (688 /sq mi)
Subdivisions 5 Arrondissements
15 Communes
Timezone EST (UTC-5)
 - summer (DST) DST (UTC-4)
Area code +509
ISO 3166-2 HT-AR
Location of the Artibonite Department
Location of the Artibonite Department
Artibonite is one of the ten departments (French: départments, singular départment) of Haiti. It is named Artibonite because the Artibonite river flows across the department from east to west. Its capital is Gonaïves.
The independence of Haiti was proclaimed in the Place d'Armes of Gonaïves on 1 January 1804 by Jean Jacques Dessalines.
Geography[change | change source]
The Départment de l'Artibonite, with an area of 4,895 km²,[1] is the largest department of Haiti.
The main river of the department is the Artibonite. Other rivers are Ennery, de l'Estère, Montrouis, Quinte.
The mountain chains here run from west to east and the most important are the Chaine de Terre-Neuve and the Montagnes Noires (in English, "Black Mountains"). There is also part of the Chaine des Mattheux.
It is bordered to the northwest by the Nord-Ouest Department, to the north and northeast by the Nord Department, to the east by the Centre Department and to the south by the Ouest Department. The Gulf of Gonâve is to the west.
Population[change | change source]
The department had, in the 2003 census, a population of 1,299,398 persons: 625,690 men and 673,708 women, with 422,476 (32.51%) living in cities and towns.[2]
The main cities are Gonaïves (the capital) and Saint-Marc.
Administrative division[change | change source]
The department is divided into five arrondissements (like districts) and 15 communes (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
 1. Dessalines
 1. Desdunes
 2. Dessalines
 3. Grande Saline
 4. Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite
 2. Gonaïves
 1. Ennery
 2. Estère
 3. Gonaïves
 3. Gros-Morne
 1. Anse Rouge
 2. Gros-Morne
 3. Terre-Neuve
 4. Marmelade
 1. Marmelade
 2. Saint Michel de l'Attalaye
 5. Saint-Marc
 1. La Chapelle
 2. Saint-Marc
 3. Verettes
Economy[change | change source]
Most of the rice of Haiti is grown in the Artibonite department, along the valley of the River Artibonite.
References[change | change source]
 2. "Le 4ième Recensement Géneral de la Population et de l'Habitat" (in French) (PDF). Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d'Informatique. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
Drapeau haïtien Departments of Haiti Drapeau haïtien


(Europa.EU) QuantERA Consortium is pleased to announce the Call for Proposals in Quantum Information and Communication Sciences and Technologies: QuantERA Co-funded Call 2021.
QuantERA II ERA-NET Cofund in Quantum Technologies (QT) is a consortium of national and regional Research Funding Organisations supporting QT research. QuantERA II is supported by the EU Future and Emerging Technologies programme (FET). The funding organisations of QuantERA II jointly support European multilateral research projects with the potential to initiate or foster new lines of QT through collaborations exploring advanced multidisciplinary science and/or cutting-edge engineering.
The submitted proposals are expected to be aligned with one of the two QuantERA cofunded call 2021 topics:
1. Quantum Phenomena and Resources (QPR);
2. Applied Quantum Science (AQS).
The funded projects in both topics are expected to address one or more of the following areas:
1. Quantum communication;
2. Quantum simulation;
3. Quantum computation;
4. Quantum information sciences;
5. Quantum metrology sensing and imaging.
The project consortia must involve a minimum of 3 eligible partners requesting funding in at least 3 of the following participating countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey.
Indicative timeline:
Deadline for outline proposals: May 13th, 2021, 17.00 CET
Deadline for full proposals (for invited applicants): September 15th, 2021, 17.00 CET
Call results: December 2021
Earliest funded project start: January/February 2022
QuantERA Coordinator: National Science Centre (NCN), Poland Coordination Office, e-mail: _EMAIL_
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text:
In the 2019 election cycle, the Parish Pastoral Council received four self-nominations for four open seats. In the absence of a competitive field of candidates, the PPC Elections Committee, in consultation with the pastor, will forgo balloting and name these parishioners to the Council by acclamation. Over a three-year term, these four candidates will work with other PPC members and the pastor in discerning, articulating, and communicating to other parishioners the identity and mission of our parish.
We asked candidates to respond to three questions:
- Why do you want to be a part of the PPC at Holy Trinity? What gifts, visions, and talents would you bring that would contribute to the work of the parish?
- Which activities, such as social justice service, parish-sponsored prayer opportunities, or other ministries that you have been a part of at Holy Trinity have been the most meaningful to you? Why?
- Based on your involvement at Holy Trinity, what are some high-priority issues that might need to be addressed in a long-term plan for the parish?


Job's Tears
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Job's tears beads
Coix lacryma-jobi1.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Genus: Coix
Species: C. lacryma-jobi
Binomial name
Coix lacryma-jobi
Coix agrestis Lour.
Coix arundinacea Lam.
Coix exaltata Jacq.
Coix lacryma L.
C.lacryma-jobi plant with flowers and fruit in Nepal
C. lacryma-jobi seeds in a necklace prepared in the Zulu tradition.
Job's Tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), Coixseed, Tear Grass, Hato Mugi, adlay, or adlai, is a tall grain-bearing tropical plant of the family Poaceae (grass family) native to Southeast Asia[1] but elsewhere cultivated in gardens as an annual. It has been naturalized in the southern United States and the New World tropics. In its native environment it is grown in higher areas where rice and corn do not grow well. Job's Tears are also commonly sold as Chinese pearl barley in Asian supermarkets, although C. lacryma-jobi is not closely related to barley (Hordeum vulgare).
There are two main varieties of the species.
 1. Wild type Coix lacryma-jobi var. stenocarpa and var. monilifer has hard shelled pseudocarps which are very hard, pearly white, oval structures used as beads for making rosaries, necklaces, and other objects.
 2. Cultivated type Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen is harvested as a cereal crop, has soft shell, and is used medicinally in parts of Asia.[2]
Besides the use for ornamental purposes, Job's tears grains are useful as a source of food (cereals) and folk medicine.[3][4]
Throughout East Asia, Vyjanti beads are available in dried form and cooked as a grain. The grains are generally spherical, with a groove on one end, and polished white in color, though in Japan unpolished yuuki hatomugi, which is unpolished and brown in color, is also available.
In Korea, a thick drink called yulmu cha (율무차, literally "Job's tears tea") is made from powdered Job's tears. A similar drink, called Yi Ren Jiang (薏仁漿), also appears in Chinese cuisine, and is made by simmering whole polished Job's Tears in water and sweetening the resulting thin, cloudy liquid with sugar. The grains are usually strained from the liquid but may also be consumed separately or together.
In both Korea and China, distilled liquors are also made from the grain. One such example is the South Korean liquor called okroju (옥로주; hanja: ), which is made from rice and Job's tears. In Japan, an aged vinegar is made from the grain.[5]
In southern Vietnam, a sweet, cold soup called sâm bổ lượng has Job's Tears as one of its ingredients. This dish derives from the southern Chinese tong sui called qīng bǔ liáng (; Cantonese: ching1 bou2 leung4).
In Thailand, it is often consumed in teas and other drinks, such as soy milk.
It is also used alongside other herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Particularly Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen has been used in the traditional Chinese medicine to invigorate the spleen function and promote urination, alleviate arthritis, arrest diarrhea, remove heat and facilitate the drainage of pus.[6]
In both the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and the Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma, the beads of Job's Tears are called "corn beads" or "Cherokee corn beads" and have been used for personal adornment since at least the time of the united Cherokee Republic. A common folk story is that the corn beads sprang up along the path during the 1838 forced march of many Cherokees to Oklahoma from their southeastern North American homelands by the U.S. military.
 1. ^ Taylor, G. D., "Some crop distributions by tribes in upland Southeast Asia", Southwestern Journal of Anthropology Vol. 9, No. 3, Autumn 1953
 2. ^ Arora, R. K., 1977, "Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - a minor food and fodder crop of northeastern India", Economic Botany, Vol. 31, No. 3, 358–366.
 3. ^ Hill,A.F.,1952,Economic Botany,McGraw-Hill
 4. ^ Duke,J.A.,1983,Handbook of Energy Crops,
 5. ^ "Traditional Japanese foods - Hato Mugi Vinegar". Natural Import Company. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
Further reading[edit]
External links[edit]


AR# 53776
Generating Quick Test Cases for Xilinx Integrated PCI Express Block and Serial RapidIO Cores Verilog Simulation
This Answer Record provides techniques for generating quick test cases for Xilinx Integrated PCI Express Block and Serial RapidIO Cores Verilog simulation in a downloadable PDF to enhance its usability. Answer Records are Web-based content that are frequently updated as new information becomes available. Visit this Answer Record to obtain the latest version of the PDF.
This answer record primarily focuses on techniques to create test cases in simulation by forcing certain data patterns on core interfaces. When designing a system with IPs, such as PCI Express and Serial Rapid IO, designers may run into issues where the system halts due to a certain incoming packet or incorrect toggling of signals. To debug such issues in hardware could be difficult and time consuming, as this would need debugging tools such as ChipScope. The best option is to try to reproduce the issue in simulation by writing a specific testbench. The problem with this is you will need to write comprehensive code in the testbench to capture that particular use case scenario. This takes time and designers might not have enough time due to the critical nature of their project.
The pdf document provided with this answer record describes how a designer can drive custom packets on an interface of designs with PCI Express and Serial RapidIO cores with the force command in Verilog. force is a powerful Verilog command which you can use to drive signals at any timestamp of your simulation.
Associated Attachments
AR# 53776
Date 06/24/2013
Status Active
Type General Article
People Also Viewed


Abstract
The rapid development of high-speed train and Metro communications has provided new challenges for the application of MIMO technologies. Therefore, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model using leaky coaxial cable (LCX) in a rectangular tunnel. The channel model is based on geometry-based single-bounce (GBSB) channel model and the electric field distribution of LCX in the tunnel environment. The theoretical expressions of channel impulse response (CIR) and space-time correlation function (CF) are also derived and analyzed. The CFs for different model parameters (moving velocity and moving time) and different regions of the tunnel are simulated by Monte Carlo method to verify the theoretical derivation at 1.8 GHz. In the same parametric configuration of nonstationary tunnel scenarios, the time delay of the first minimum value of CFs for LCX-MIMO is 1/5 of the time delay of the minimum value of CFs for dipole antennas MIMO when the train moving velocity is 360 km/h. It is shown that, for MIMO system, the performance of using LCXs is better than using dipole antennas.
1. Introduction
Recently, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has been widely used in many scenarios. The nonstationary scenarios of MIMO technologies for high-speed train and Metro communications have drawn attention. Up to present, there are two main cases of nonstationary scenarios: one is the movement of transmitter or receiver and the other is the movement of transmitter and receiver [112]. The channel modeling can be based on two-dimensional (2D) [15] and three-dimensional (3D) [612]. According to the 3GPP (3GPP TR 25.996) spatial channel model (SCM) [16] and WINNER II channel model [712], the geometry-based single-bounce (GBSB) [15] and geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) [612] are used to describe MIMO propagation channels. The nonstationary scenarios investigated include the high altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) MIMO air-to-ground communications [7, 8], the vehicle-to-vehicle communications in tunnel [9, 10] and other scattering environments [11, 12], the base-station-to-vehicle communications in tunnel [5] and other scattering environments [1, 2], and so on. In these scenarios, the influences of different moving velocities, moving times, moving directions, and moving trajectories on spatial cross-correlation and autocorrelation are analyzed [612]. In [1, 2], the authors have researched the multielement antennas systems in mobile fading channels and have considered that the local scatterers were only around the mobile user (MS) in 2 × 2 MIMO channel, the base station (BS) is fixed, the BS and the MS are both two-element antennas array, and they also derived a space-time correlation for MIMO systems in mobile fading channels. It could be called "one-ring" model in physical MIMO channel models. In [4], the authors analyzed the propagation characteristics of mobile-to-mobile fading channels for MIMO systems; they derived a great channel model in mobile-to-mobile fading channels and scatterers around both transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. It could be called "two-ring" model in physical MIMO channel models. In [9], the authors studied a nonstationary geometry-based channel model for MIMO vehicle-to-vehicle communications in tunnel environments and derived the theoretical expressions of channel impulse response and spatial correlation functions (SCFs), and they discussed the SCFs for different time delay, different receiving antenna spacing, and different frequency separation. In [11], this paper researched a geometry-based nonstationary MIMO channel model for vehicular communications and discussed the autocorrelation functions (ACFs) for different time separation and different receiving antenna spacing. In [12], this paper proposed a 3D wideband nonstationary multimobility model for vehicle-to-vehicle MIMO channels and derived the channel impulse response (CIR) and correlation functions (CFs); the authors discussed the CFs for different time separations and different times which increased with the increase of time separation and time by simulation.
At the moment, there are some shortcomings in the study of confined area communication such as subway tunnels. Leaky coaxial cable (LCX) is usually used as an antenna (the input signal is entered from single port of every single LCX) and two antennas (the input signal is entered from double ports of every single LCX) to transmit signals in tunnel, due to uniform radiation. Most of the researches on the application of LCX are focused on the measurement and analysis in tunnel and linear-cell environments [13, 14]. In [13], the authors present a 2 × 2 MIMO measurement campaign using LCX in tunnel environment at 1.8 GHz, and the results of capacity and condition number indicate that the MIMO performance is not highly dependent on the LCX spacing. In [14], the authors used single LCX as two antennas and researched propagation characteristics of the LCX-MIMO systems in linear-cell environment at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and the capacity results indicate that the LCX-MIMO can achieve more capacity improvement than that of channel using monopole antennas with the simple equal power allocation. A few of them have carried out theoretical description. The channel models of these researches are stationary [15]. In [15], the authors research the theoretical channel model of 2-by-2 MIMO system using single LCX in free space, and the results show that a 2-by-2 MIMO system can achieve good performance using single LCX. In [16], the authors proposed a GBSB model for MIMO channel using LCXs in tunnel based on the electric field distribution of the LCX and analyzed the performance of MIMO system in terms of capacity, condition number (CN), and CF by simulation and measurement. But in [16], the authors only studied the stationary scenario. There is little research on nonstationary LCX-MIMO communication in tunnel scenarios. With the rapid development of Metro and high-speed railway, there is an urgent need for the study of LCX-MIMO in nonstationary tunnel scenarios.
For high-speed railway scenario and Metro scenario, this paper aims to fill these research gaps. We propose a 3D nonstationary LCX-MIMO channel model in rectangular tunnel environments. The main contributions and novelties of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) this paper develops a 3D nonstationary LCX-MIMO channel model, and the channel impulse response (CIR) and spatial correlation function (CF) are theoretically derived. The proposed model is verified by comparing the spatial CF theory with simulation; (2) this model considers the influence of the receiver's mobility on the propagation characteristic of LCX-MIMO system, in terms of the moving velocity and moving time. The influence of the different positions where the receiver is located in the tunnel on the propagation characteristics is also analyzed; (3) the CFs of LCX-MIMO and dipoles MIMO are compared with different moving velocities for different time delays.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we propose a 3D nonstationary LCX-MIMO channel model. In Section 3, the theoretical expressions of space-time CF for our proposed GBSB 3D nonstationary in tunnel scenarios are derived. In Section 4, the space-time CFs of the proposed model are simulated and validated. Finally, our concluding remarks are given in Section 5.
2. 3D Nonstationary LCX-MIMO Channel Model
Figure 1(a) shows the LCX structure; Figure 1(b) shows LCXs (transmitter, Tx) and dipoles (receiver, Rx) installation; and Figure 1(c) shows the 2-by-2 nonstationary LCX-MIMO transmission system in rectangular tunnel environments and the input signals of LCXs are s1 and s2. In Figure 1, the O is origin of the coordinate; the parallel direction to axis of tunnel presents the Z-axis of the coordinate system; the cross section of tunnel presents the XOY-plane, the vertical direction of the XOY-plane presents the Y-axis of the coordinate system, and the horizontal direction of the XOY plane presents the X-axis of the coordinate system. In Figure 2, for the MIMO system, the parameter names and symbols of LCX-MIMO channel model are as shown in Table 1.
In this paper, we only consider LCX with vertical periodic slots, the length of LCX is L, the periodic of slot of LCX is P, and the number of slots of LCX is N. According to the electromagnetic field theory of antenna, the slots of LCX can be seen as a series of magnetic dipoles, and the electric field distribution of a single slot Ez can be expressed as [17, 18]where E0 denotes the electric field strength of the slot surface, r denotes the distance from a point in the electric field of LCX to a slot, θ is the angle between the direction of r and the axial direction of LCX, k0 = 2πf/c denotes the propagation constant in free space, f is the center frequency, and c is velocity of light.
The longitudinal amplitude atten


text:
The Wicked Good Farm is a diversified vegetable farm in Whitefish Montana. We offer CSA shares, attend the Whitefish Farmers Market, and provide several restaurants with produce.
Who we are?
Two New Englanders that journeyed west, to Whitefish Montana in 2004. Once settled in we started urban farming. This has allowed us to grow fresh produce for our very immediate community. Additionally, we enjoy engaging with those walking by to hear stories, experiences and offer growing advice.
What's an Urban farm?
Urban farming is just that, farming within a densely populated area. Actually, the idea and practice of producing food in an urban environment was popular during WWII, they were called Victory Gardens. The idea was to grow produce in your own yard to increase the national food supply. The Victory Garden concept was embraced by millions of Americans and it is estimated that by the spring of 1943 there were 18 million victory gardens in the USA, with 12 million being urban!
Why are we Wicked?
Wicked, alludes to our New England heritage. Wicked, is a modifier, equivalent to "very", only stronger. Back East it's common to hear folks say; "It's wicked hot", "the soil is wicked hahd", and "it's wicked good".
Every Tuesday during the summer we bring, by means of our custom bike cart, wicked good produce to our community at the Downtown Whitefish Farmers' Market.
Thanks for picking us and supporting your local agricultural community.


Volleyball Drill Demonstration
4 or less players for maximum number of touch.
1-Coach Through the ball with rebound
2- First players in the queue must run to the ball and pass it to the player on the left side (near the border of the field)
3- player near the border catchs the ball and put it back in the basket
Coaching points
1- Run fast to the ball
2- body mustn't move prior to touch the ball
3- right foot in front
4- Shoulder facing the target player
Coach through 40 balls for passing
then forty ball for setting.
First rotation counterclockwise, then after 40 ball counterclokwise.
Depending on the age this could be:
- Catch and throws
- Catch and Set
- Self Setting and Setting
- Self Pass and Pass
- Setting
- Passing
Created by guillaume, Volleyball Parent, France
YOUTH :Body toward the target5 DrillsVolleyball Drills Coaching


RTC - Simple RTC Alarm
Materials
Example
This example demonstrates how to use the RTC library methods to create a RTC Alarm, so that to do some tasks when an alarm is matched. In particular, the RTC time is set at 16:00:00 and an alarm at 16:00:10. When the time matches, "Alarm Match" information will be printed on the serial monitor.
First, select the correct Ameba development board from the Arduino IDE: "Tools" -> "Board".
Then open the " RTCAlarm " example from: "File" -> "Examples" -> "RTC" -> "RTCAlarm":
1
In the example, the RTC time is set at 16:00:00 and an alarm is set at 16:00:10. Upon successfully upload the sample code and press the reset button. When the alarm time (10 seconds) is reached the attached interrupt function will print the following information: "Alarm Matched!" showing in this figure below.
1
Copyrights ©瑞晟微电子(苏州)有限公司 2021. All rights reserved.
Please confirm that QQ communication software is installed


text:
until he has both forks. When he is done eating, he puts the sticks down and continues thinking.
To solve the problem with JEK Platform, five routes are defined to represent the actions of five philosophers. Each route has two tasks: eat and think. Obviously, eat task of each philosopher's route can not be active at the same time because of resource constraints. A Mutex synchronization resource is used to restrict the eat task of each philosopher. The resource allocation scheduling algorithm in the JEK Kernel has an important feature to avoid a deadlock in this sample: if one philosopher gets a fork and finds another is already taken, it will release the one and notify other tasks in other routes so that other philosopher can continue to eat.
The following diagram, figure 2, illustrates the philosopher dining job execution engine's timing diagram. The application code is pretty simply since it does not need to handle threads and thread synchronization that is handled in the JEK SDK, but simply describes the resources (forks) and tasks (philosophers' actions).
Figure 2. JEK Studio monitors the philosophers dining job execution
In figure 2, JEK Studio GUI has four components illustrated by four yellow bubbles:
- The task matrix presents the application engine internal structure and the real-time execution activity status.
- The task timing diagram presents a more detailed real-time execution status for tasks, which helps developers to understand and to validate concurrent system behavior quickly.
- The activity resource matrix presents real-time task activity resource status.
- The synchronization resource matrix presents real-time task occupy status.
- The task trace window displays log status, which is also saved in a log file.
In JEK Studio, five routes are shown in the task matrix. Its execution is shown in the task execution timing diagram. The four blue bubbles are explained as follows:
- Blue bubble 1. Job execution engine starts to execute job. Philosophers 1 and 4 start to eat.
- Blue bubble 2. Philosophers 3 and 5 start to eat at the same time. Philosophers 1 and 4 start to rest at the same time. The reason that philosopher 3 and 5 can start to eat at the same time is because the application code is configured so that the eat time for all philosophers are the same. The rest times are also the same for all philosophers.
- Blue bubble 3. It's interesting to observe the job execution status after a few loops. Philosophers 1, 2, 4 are resting. Philosophers 3 and 5 are eating. If observed carefully, philosophers 3 and 5 are not starting to eat at the exact same time. Philosophers 1, 2, 4 do not rest at the same time.
- Blue bubble 4. This is another interesting job execution status. Only one philosopher, #2, is eating at this moment. Philosophers 1, 3, 4, 5 are all resting. The reason, the resting times of all philosophers are longer than eating times.
- Another observation is that fairness is not guaranteed for each route. It's unpredictable which philosopher will get a chance to eat next time based on the scheduler used.
- Route starvation is possible. In other words, some philosophers might never get a chance to eat. This is not demonstrated in the graph since the result is random. You can try to start the engine a few times and the results could be different each time.
If not using simulation, it is very hard for a software engineer to answer: if scenarios marked by the blue bubbles 3 and 4 are possible.
Sample 2. Automated Coffee Machine
An automated coffee machine mixes milk, sugar, and coffee into a cup, and serves the cup to customer when it is done.
Figure 3. Coffee machine model analysis
The coffee machine has five robots:
- Platform robot. It holds the coffee cup, so that milk, sugar, and coffee can be poured into it and gets mixed. After the coffee is mixed, it moves the cup with the mixed coffee to a customer.
- Cup robot. It puts an empty cup onto the platform robot.
- Milk robot. It pours milk into the coffee cup on the platform robot.
- Sugar robot. It pours sugar into the coffee cup on the platform robot.
- Coffee robot. It pours coffee into the coffee cup on the platform robot.
Coffee machine operating procedure:
- All robots are in initial positions.
- Cup robot puts an empty cup onto the platform cup.
- Milk robot pours milk into cup.
- Sugar robot pours sugar into cup.
- Step 3 and step 4 can be parallel.
- Coffee robot pours coffee into cup.
- Platform robot moves mixed coffee to customer.
Important operating requirements of the coffee machine are as follows:
- Above operating procedures have to be followed. Otherwise, the robot's positions might be in wrong places, and results in robot damages.
- Milk and sugar need to be poured into the cup before coffee, so that the coffee can be mixed properly without requiring adding a coffee stir robot that increases the complexity of the machine.
To solve the problem with JEK Platform, two routes are defined. One route is designed to control the cup robot and the platform robots. Another route is designed to control milk, sugar, and coffee robots. The reason to define these routes is that the task steps inside each route are sequential. The synchronization resource between routes is the platform robot. For detailed analysis and code, please go to _URL_ to download the complete JEK Platform and to look for sample section 7: Machine Control.
Figure 4 is the coffee machine execution timing diagram implemented with the JEK SDK and presented with the JEK Studio. X axis is time. Y axis is tasks. A bar is the execution time for a task. Tasks within one route are displayed with one color. Different tasks in one route are displayed with different Y axis values. Multiple bars in the same Y axis represent the same task executed at different times.
Route 1 controlling milk, sugar, and coffee robot (orange color) has three tasks from bottom to top:
- Task1_1: control milk robot to pour milk.
- Task1_2: control sugar robot to pour sugar.
- Task1_3: control coffee robot to pour coffee.
Route 2 controlling cup robot (blue) has two tasks from bottom to top:
- Task2_1: control cup robot to put cup onto platform robot.
- Task2_2: control platform robot to serve mixed coffee to customer.
The six blue bubbles in figure 4 are explained as follows:
- Blue bubble 1. Task2_1 puts a cup onto the platform robot.
- Blue bubble 2. Task1_1 and Task1_2 pour milk and sugar into an empty cup at the same time.
- Blue bubble 3. Task1_2 finishes pouring sugar and Task1_1 is still pouring milk.
- Blue bubble 4. Task1_3 starts pouring coffee.
- Blue bubble 5. Task2_2 controls the platform robot to serve mixed coffee.
- Blue bubble 6. Repeat the same process.
Figure 4. Coffee machine execution status of solution 1
This robot is not very efficient. Route 1 is idle after blue bubble 5. To increase the throughput, another independent platform robot is added to make route 1 as busy as possible. The position of platform robot 1 is different from that of platform robot 2. Therefore, the control code for pouring milk, sugar, and coffee is different in context, but have the same structure. Figure 5 is a new robot diagram.
Figure 5. Platform 2 robot is added
Route 3 (burgundy red color) is added to serve second cup, which is presented as red in figure 6. It has identical tasks as defined in route 2. Since a new platform robot is added, route 2 and 3 are redefined as follows:
Route 2 controlling cup robot (blue) has two tasks:
- Task2_1: control cup robot to put cup onto platform robot 1.
- Task2_2: control platform robot 1 to serve mixed coffee to customer 1.
Route 3 controlling cup robot (burgundy red) has two tasks:
- Task3_1: control cup robot to put cup onto platform robot 2.
- Task3_2: control platform robot 2 to serve mixed coffee to customer 2.
Figure 6. Solution 2 coffee machine has two platform robots
The five blue bubbles in figure 6 are explained as follows.
- Blue bubble 1. Task3_1 puts the cup onto platform robot 2. Both routes 2 and 3 are started at the same time, but only one route can use the cup robot. It is random that route 2 gets the cup robot.
- Blue bubble 2. Task1_1 and Task1_2 pour milk and sugar into an empty cup at the same time after a cup is put on platform robot 2. Note: the execution context of route 2 is platform robot 1 since it has a different location than platform robot 2. In other words, the control code is different when the context is different.
- Blue bubble 3. Task2_1 starts to put a cup on platform robot 1. Coffee robot uses task1_3 to pour coffee into the cup on platform robot 1. Both tasks are started at the same time.
- Blue bubble 4. Platform robot 2 uses task3_2 to serve mixed coffee to customer 2. Task1_1 and Task1_2 pour milk and sugar into an empty cup on platform robot 1. The route 1 execution context (pouring milk


text:
Energy projects have not been suspended in Georgia despite the pandemic, said Georgian Economy Minister Natia Turnava today adding that 670 MW worth of hydropower plants have either been put into operation or moved to the construction stage in 2020.
The projects mentioned above included projects started before the pandemic or in 2020.
Turnava also mentioned that the Enguri hydro power plant (HPP) will be reconstructed in the following three months.
The economic downturn in the world is causing a number of negative developments for energy which is a reduction in consumption and solvency, both in business and in the population, as well as the suspension of projects. In this regard, Georgia is distinguished by the fact that the government has planned to subsidize energy costs for families as one of the measures of the anti-crisis plan. By doing so, the government is helping 2/3 of Georgian households that are consumers of electricity and natural gas," she said.
The government is covering increased electricity fees for households which consume less than 300 kWh of electricity per month in 2021. It has also identified business sectors in the country which will benefit from a state subsidy which will cover 50% of the increased electricity fees that went into effect on January 1.


text:
Community Health Nurse
- Join our diverse workforce and enjoy our inclusive workplace culture; Australian Workplace Equality Index (LGBTIQA+ inclusive employer) Bronze Award 2021
- Contribute to a shared goal of health and social equity
- Thrive through a culture of professional growth, workplace flexibility and staff health & wellbeing initiatives, flexible roster and hours to provide a work life balance.
cohealth leads the way in reducing health and social inequity in partnership with people and the communities in which they live. We are committed to providing inclusive and culturally safe health services that protect the human rights of all people of all gender identities, sexualities, ages, cultural backgrounds, faiths and abilities.
About the role
This position sits within the Covid Response Cluster and works as part of the High Risk Accommodation Response (HRAR) to prevent Covid transmission and improve preparedness and outbreak management for residents and workers in the high rise estates.
Working from a Social Model of Health framework, this role will work with the community to gain a deeper understanding of the health, wellbeing and social needs and strengths of individuals, families and the community. A major focus of the role with be health promotion, health education/counselling, care navigation and warm referral to appropriate health and community services, and advocacy with relevant stakeholders and service providers.
Who are we looking for?
- Experience working with community members in vulnerable circumstances who have may have experienced issues related to their mental health, family violence or alcohol and other drug use
- Demonstrated understanding of the social model of health and the importance of community engagement
- An understanding of the individual needs of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds and the impact of trauma
- Demonstrated experience creating a welcoming and safe environment for a diverse client population
- Current WWCC Check
- Registered Nurse Division 1 with registration with current practicing registration with AHPRA.
Why join us?
As part of our team, you will thrive through a culture of professional growth, workplace flexibility and staff health & wellbeing initiatives, flexible roster and hours to provide a work life balance.
Our inclusive workplace culture enables staff to bring their whole selves to work, where uniqueness is valued, and people experience a feeling of belonging. Our aim is for everyone to thrive in their roles.
Click on apply now to be directed to cohealth's careers page. You will be asked to upload your resume (CV) and answer four questions. Please note a cover letter is not required.
Please see the Position Description for all details.


text:
Read the DOI statement here.
Glacier National Park in Montana and Waterton Lakes National Park in Alberta make up the world's first International Peace Park, Waterton-Glacier.
Statement by Jessica Lawrence of Earthjustice:
"We're pleased that Secretary Salazar is taking upstream mining threats to Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park seriously. We're encouraged to see the Obama administration working with Canada and the international community to find a long-term conservation solution for one of the most important wildlife habitats on the continent."
In response to action alerts by Earthjustice and others, more than 53,000 concerned citizens wrote to Secretary Salazar in June, urging him to protect Glacier National Park from the impacts of mining and drilling in the Flathead River Valley.
Earthjustice wrote the petition to the UN World Heritage Committee on behalf of eleven conservation groups in Canada and the United States, asking the UN to add Waterton-Glacier to list of "World Heritage In Danger".
In June, the Committee voted unanimously to urge Canada not to move ahead with mining proposals, and called for scientists from the World Heritage Centre and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature to assess threats to the park in a site visit. The visit will take place from September 20 to 26.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am currently developing an application that requires to display raster images over a period of time (I'm looking how Hurrican Sandy progressed). While investigating, people have suggested that I could use a WCS service and view it on a viewer. We are currently using Google Maps API.
My question is, how can I publish these rasters in a WCS service (or relevant format) that can allow a viewer to loop through all images. Is there a standard practice everyone follows to accomplish this? I have knowledge using ArcGIS 9.3 Desktop/Server, ArcGIS Flex Viewer, and QGIS.
I appreciate any information regarding this topic or tutorials (haven't found any good ones yet). The images are geotiffs.
Thanks in advance!
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
I suspect that you might actually want a WMS rather than a WCS (since you say raster images rather that raster data, and are currently using Google maps).
If all you want to do is display the images over time (using a slider or some such to control the time) then Openlayers and almost any WMS (GeoServer, MapServer, ArcServer etc.) will handle this.
See these openlayers example (which could use some UI love but shows the idea).
(The first example depends on this openlayers addin: _URL_ )
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You might look at this weather widget. I know they load separate layers for each image and play through those layers to get the effect you are talking about. Flex 2.1 - 3.0 weather widget on arcgis.com.
And for flex 3.1 weather widget on arcgis.com. +1 iant for WMS. That is what is used here.
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Your Answer


text:
Definition of Archaeogenetics
Archaeogenetics: The study of the past using the techniques of molecular genetics. The application of genetics to archeology. The term "archaeogenetics" was coined in the 1990s by the archeologist Colin Renfrew from the Greek archaios (ancient) + genetics = archaeogenetics, literally, ancient genetics.
In archaeogenetics, information on the DNA of different ethnic groups from around the world is used to analyze prehistoric events and corroborate accounts from historical sources. The DNA data are reconciled with the findings of archeologists, linguists, and paleoanthropologists to shed light on the past.
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012
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text:
Two New Apps Boost Planting and Harvest Analysis
Nov 15, 2012
To some extent, smartphones are only as smart as the apps they contain. Ag PhD is attempting an IQ boost through the release of two new apps to help farmers more easily analyze planting populations and losses at harvest. The apps, Planting Population Calculator and Harvest Loss Calculator, were created thanks to a Case IH sponsorship and are available for iPhone and Android devices.
"I'm using both of these apps already on my farm, and we feel many other farmers will benefit from them, too," says Brian Hefty, co-host of Ag PhD.
The calculators are pretty straightforward and simple to use. The Harvest Loss Calculator lets you select from soybeans, corn, wheat, sorghum, barley or oats. From there, you count the number of seeds or kernels left on the ground in a square foot. Then, you enter in that number, along with seeds per pound and current crop price, and the app calculates the value of the crop that didn't quite make it into the combine.
"With commodity prices for so many crops at record levels, even the loss of a single bushel per acre over an entire farm can translate to thousands of dollars of lost revenue," Hefty says.
The Planting Population Calculator is another easy-to-use tool. Before planting, farmers can determine optimum in-row spacing between seeds based on row width and desired plant population. After planting, farmers can "ground truth" their results by selecting a row length, counting the number of plants within that distance and entering in their row spacing.
The apps are free and ready for download from the Apple iTunes Store and Google Play.
A screenshot of the Harvest Loss Calculator mobile app.


What is an idempotent operation?
In computing, an idempotent operation is one that has no additional effect if it is called more than once with the same input parameters. For example, removing an item from a set can be considered an idempotent operation on the set.
In mathematics, an idempotent operation is one where f(f(x)) = f(x). For example, the abs() function is idempotent because abs(abs(x)) = abs(x) for all x.
These slightly different definitions can be reconciled by considering that x in the mathematical definition represents the state of an object, and f is an operation that may mutate that object. For example, consider the Python set and its discard method. The discard method removes an element from a set, and does nothing if the element does not exist. So:
my_set.discard(x)
has exactly the same effect as doing the same operation twice:
my_set.discard(x)
my_set.discard(x)
Idempotent operations are often used in the design of network protocols, where a request to perform an operation is guaranteed to happen at least once, but might also happen more than once. If the operation is idempotent, then there is no harm in performing the operation two or more times.
See the Wikipedia article on idempotence for more information.
The above answer previously had some incorrect and misleading examples. Comments below written before April 2014 refer to an older revision.
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Sunday, November 15, 2015
How to sue someone in the digital age when you don't know where they live.
In every lawsuit the Plaintiff has the obligation to notify all defendants that they are being sued. When a lawsuit is filed the court issues a summons which must be served (usually with a complaint) on every defendant. Massachusetts and probably all other states prefer that the person be served in hand or at least by leaving documents at their home. What happens if you don't know where they live or work? How do you serve them?
Every state has laws that allow a substitute form of service of documents on a person who can't be located. In Massachusetts, a motion must be filed to serve by an alternate form of service. If nothing else works, the court can order service by publishing in a newspaper. Of course, most people don't read the legal notices in newspapers so service by publication usually results in no notice at all but would be satisfactory to a court. In Massachusetts, the courts prefer that a different form of notification be used. Massachusetts courts now require detailed affidavits explaining how the Plaintiff searched for a Defendant including details of searches on the internet. As one clerk told me internet searches are required unless the Defendant's name is Smith.
A search for a missing Defendant should start with a search for a telephone number. A telephone information request with the telephone company is generally a first step. If this doesn't work, a similar search on the internet using multiple search engines (Google, Bing, etc.) should be made. If the person has a driver's license or professional license then the state data banks may show a current address for the person. All of these search methods may show a residence for a missing Defendant. A lawyer can request confirmation of addresses or forwarding address information from the post office. A non-lawyer probably would need a court order authorizing the post office to provide this information from the post office.
If, after using all of the methods just described, the person still can't be located, then social media should be searched. There are too many social media sites to search them all. At a minimum, Facebook, Linkedin, Instagram, and GooglePlus should be searched. If a social media page is located for the individual then print the contents of the page. A judge may need information that the person currently uses the social media site.
If after all of these methods, the person still can't be found, try to locate a close relative: parent, child, ex-spouse, or sibling. These people may be in contact with the person and may be used for service.
After all methods to research have been used and if you still don't have a work or residential address, then file a motion with the court for alternate service. In Massachusetts, and probably other states, the judge will want to use the best method of service that is calculated to actually reach the Defendant. Service can be made by email, text messaging, messaging through social media, or by relatives. The motion should be accompanied by a detailed affidavit showing all of the internet research and any relevant web pages.
If after all of these steps, the person can't be located, service by publication may be approved by a judge. Service by publication is expensive and usually ineffectual. However, it may be the only method available. Alternate service can be complicated for individuals. A local attorney can guide you through the process and help you locate your defendant.
Sunday, October 18, 2015
October is National Domestic Violence Awareness Month
By presidential proclamation, October was declared to be National Violence Awareness Month. Nobody should be subject to domestic violence. If you or someone you know is in an abusive relationship you need to get help. You can get information about domestic abuse from the Frequently Asked Questions about abuse at my web site. You can talk to an attorney or even call the police. Understanding your options may help you take steps to protect yourself. The courts can issue restraining orders to protect against violence and, in certain circumstances, can make orders of child custody and support. If you are in an abusive situation there are people and services who can help you.
Saturday, October 10, 2015
You can commit criminal acts by owning or using surveillance and security systems.
The cost of home security and surveillance systems has decreased so that now everybody can afford a system. Internet providers offer home security systems. Some people use hidden cameras like nanny cams to keep an eye on babysitters. The news contains stories of people who use home security systems to catch burglers in the act. While such security systesm have many benefits they can also cause people to commit criminal acts.
Most states have laws that prohibit recording of voice communications without permission or a court order. These are generally called wiretapping laws. While we usually think of wiretapping as meaning telephone calls the laws are usually written broadly to cover all voice communications. Some states allow recording of such conversations if one person to the conversation gives permission. Other states, including Massachusetts, require all parties to the conversation to grant permission before the conversation can be recorded. Recording a conversation without permission is a crime in most states. In Massachusetts, making an unathorized voice recording is a felony. This means that making a recording of a person's voice without their permission can result in person being sentenced to imprisonment in the state prison. The Massachusetts wiretapping law goes even further and makes it a crime to possess hidden equipment that is capable of making voice recordings. Mass.Gen.L. c. 272, § 99.
Hidden cameras as part of a home or office security system do not violate any laws. However, microphones are probably not lawful as they can record voices. Merely having microphones as part of a home security system can result in a criminal conviction. Of course, you can have microphones as part of the security system as long as you obtain permission from the person you are recording. You may be able to have the equivalent of permission by using signs that disclose the recordings. Such disclosures would probably defeat the purpose of having the microphones in the first place but would be adequate to prevent commission of a crime.
If you own or want to purchase a security system you should consult an attorney to find out what is permitted for recordings in your state.
Monday, September 7, 2015
Prepare for a divorce—create a household inventory
In most cases, people anticipate a divorce before it happens. While some actions taken before a divorce can receive an adverse reaction from a spouse, creating an inventory should not. Creating an inventory can be helpful in case you suffer an insurance loss such as fire, theft, or flood. An inventory can also be helpful in a divorce.
In a divorce the two spouses will have to divide the household belongings. Sometimes this occurs leisurely and sometimes in a rush. An inventory will make a split easier. If a court issues an order removing one party from the house having an inventory will make it easier for that person to receive a fair distribution of the household assets. If you are dividing items from memory you are likely to forget items that you care about.
Another benefit of having a household inventory is to reduce the potential for items to disappear. After a person who is out of the house takes their initial list of items it is much more difficult to obtain items from the house. That book that you received from your grandmother is likely to be thrown out if you don't retrieve it in the initial group of items. With digital photography you can incorporate photographs into your inventory. By having a list you can designate items to retrieve later and avoid having them thrown out or sold.
The earlier you start the inventory the better off you are. It is also helpful to consult an experienceddivorce lawyer as early as possible. Both an inventory and a divorce lawyer can help you work through the difficult times created by a divorce.
Sunday, August 9, 2015
Massachusetts stores can't impose shoplifting fines without a court order
Judge Douglas Stoddard, a District Court Judge in Natick, Mass. has enjoined Macy's from demanding that shoplifters pay a $500.00 civil fine to Macy's when they are caught by the store. Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 231, Section 85R-1/2 states that shoplifters "... shall be liable in tort to the merchant for damages for not less than fifty nor more than five hundred dollars..." Many stores claim that this law means that a shoplifter owes the store $500.00 if they are caught by the store. The stores are wrong. The law means that if the store sues shoplifters in court a judge may award civil damages of up to $500.00. Macy's has no right to collect $500.00 until after a Judge awarded them damages.
Macy's had a practice of detaining shoplifters and telling them that "if they paid the $500 fine, they would not be civilly sued in court and some said they were told they would not be arrested." In some cases, people paid the $500.00 and were then turned over to the police who arrested them. When the cases came before Natick District Court, Judge Stoddard learned of the practices of the store and issued an injunction against the store.The Judge stated "I'm not sure if I have the legal authority to do what I'm doing, but I believe I do have the power to right what's wrong. I don't think I'm asking for much."
What Macy's was doing was not only wrong, it was criminal. Massachusetts is a common law state. This means that crimes exist that were created by English judges before the American Revolution. Some of these


Do Christians believe in aliens?
My answer to Do Christians believe in aliens?
Answer by Desmond Last:
Would God only create one multitude of life? I have the faith of God and I accept that there are other humans in our Universe.
There is a Universe and in it are systems we cannot imagine let alone see.
We look at Space as it vastness questions our very being and the sciences we use to develop our lives and we wonder what is Space?
Our minds are so closed to new thought that unless it follows the principle of 1 plus 1 we reject it the possibility that man exists elsewhere.
Technology too has its part to play. Time is linear and sequential. But what if it were parallel. Could we exist at the same time as mankind in one hundred thousand years time?
Why would God only create one Planet? I believe that other humans exist on other Planets. I cannot prove it.
I say to myself what would stop God from creating other Planets of human life?
Do Christians believe in aliens?
Author: Desmond Last
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Are Peace of Mind and Happiness the Same?
Question: Are Peace of Mind and Happiness the Same?
I am not clear about a thing. In Krishna Consciousness are happiness and peace of mind the same thing? Or are they different?
Answer: Similar But Different
They are almost the same, but they are slightly different as explained in the Bhagavad-gita:
nāsti buddhir ayuktasya
na cāyuktasya bhāvanā
na cābhāvayataḥ śāntir
aśāntasya kutaḥ sukham
--Bhagavad-gita 2.66
In other words, a peaceful state of mind is a prerequisite of happiness. It is required that one have a peaceful mind in order to be happy.
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Category Archives: GLM
Reserving with negative increments in triangles
A few months ago, I did published a post on negative values in triangles, and how to deal with them, when using a Poisson regression (the post was published in French). The idea was to use a translation technique:
 1. Fit a model not on _URL_ but on _URL_ for some _URL_
 2. Use that model to make predictions, and then translate those predictions, _URL_
This is what was done to get the following graph, where a Poisson regression was fitted. Black points are _URL_ while blue points are _URL_ for some _URL_ We fit a model to get the blue prediction, and then translate it to get the red prediction (on the _URL_
_URL_
In this example, there were no negative values, but it is possible to use it get a better understanding on the impact of this technique. The prediction, here, is the red line. And clearly, the value of _URL_ has an impact on the prediction (since we do not consider, here, a linear model: with a linear model, translating has not impact at all, except on the intercept).
The alternative mentioned in the previous post was to use this technique on several _URL_ and them interpolate
 1. For a given _URL_ fit a model not on _URL_ but on _URL_ use that model to make predictions, and then translate those predictions, _URL_
 2. Do it for several _URL_
 3. Use it to extrapolate when _URL_ is _URL_ (which is the case we are interested in).
In the context of loss reserving, the idea is extremely simple. Consider a triangle with incremental payments
> source("_URL_
> Y=T=PAID
> n=ncol(T)
> Y[,2:n]=T[,2:n]-T[,1:(n-1)]
> Y
 [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
[1,] 3209 1163 39 17 7 21
[2,] 3367 1292 37 24 10 NA
[3,] 3871 1474 53 22 NA NA
[4,] 4239 1678 103 NA NA NA
[5,] 4929 1865 NA NA NA NA
[6,] 5217 NA NA NA NA NA
Now, we do not have negative values, here, but we can still see is translation techniques can be used. The benchmark is the Poisson regression, since we can run it :
> y=as.vector(as.matrix(Y))
> base=data.frame(y,ai=rep(2000:2005,n),bj=rep(0:(n-1),each=n))
> reg=glm(y~as.factor(ai)+as.factor(bj),data=base,family=poisson)
Here, the amount is reserve is the sum of predicted values in the lower part of the triangle,
> py=predict(reg,newdata=base,type="response")
> sum(py[is.na(base$y)])
[1] 2426.985
which is exactly Chain Ladder's estimate.
Now, let us use a translation technique to compute the amount of reserves. The code will be
> decal=function(k){
+ reg=glm(y+k~as.factor(ai)+as.factor(bj),data=base,family=poisson)
+ py=predict(reg,newdata=base,type="response")
+ return(sum(py[is.na(base$y)]-k))
For instance, if we translate of +5, we would get
> decal(5)
[1] 2454.713
while a translation of +10 would return
> decal(10)
[1] 2482.29
Clearly, translations do have an impact on the estimation. Here, just to check, if we do not translate, we do have Chain Ladder's estimate,
> decal(0)
[1] 2426.985
The idea mentioned in the previous post was to try several translations, and then extrapolate, to get the value in 0. Here, translations will give the following estimates
> K=10:20
> (V=Vectorize(decal)(K))
 [1] 2482._PHONE_._PHONE_._PHONE_._PHONE_._PHONE_._PHONE_._PHONE_.649
 [9] 2526._PHONE_._PHONE_.001
We can plot those values, and run a regression
> plot(K,V,xlim=c(0,20),ylim=c(2425,2540))
> abline(h=decal(0),col="red",lty=2)
the dotted horizontal line is Chain Ladder. Now, let us extrapolate
> b=data.frame(K=K,D=V)
> rk=lm(D~K,data=b)
> predict(rk,newdata=data.frame(K=0))
 1
2427.623
On has to admit that it is not that bad. But yesterday evening, Karim asked me why I did use a linear regression, for my extrapolation. And to be honest, I do not know. I mean, the only answer might be that points are almost on a straight line. So the first time I saw it, I was exited, and I ran a linear regression.
Now, let us see if we can do better. Because here, we do use a translation of +10 or +20 (which might be rather small). What if we use much larger values ? (because we might have large negative incremental values). With the following code, we try, each time 11 consecutive values, the smallest one going from 0 to 50,
> hausse=1:50; res=rep(NA,50)
> for(k in hausse){
+ VK=k:(10+k)
+ b=data.frame(K=VK,D=Vectorize(decal)(VK))
+ rk=lm(D~K,data=b)
+ res[k]=predict(rk,newdata=data.frame(K=0))
+ }
> plot(hausse,res,type="l",col="red",ylim=c(2422,2440))
> abline(rk,col="blue")
Here, we compute reserves when extrapolations were done after 11 translations, from _URL_ to _URL_ With different values of _URL_ The case where _URL_ is ten was the one mentioned above,
> res[hausse==10]
[1] 2427.623
Actually, it might also be possible to consider not 11 translations, but 26, from _URL_ to _URL_ Here, we get
> hausse=1:50; res=rep(NA,50)
> for(k in hausse){
+ VK=k:(25+k)
+ b=data.frame(K=VK,D=Vectorize(decal)(VK))
+ rk=lm(D~K,data=b)
+ res[k]=predict(rk,newdata=data.frame(K=0))
+ }
> lines(hausse,res,type="l",col="blue",lty=2)
We now have the dotted line
Here, it is getting worst. So let us keep here 11 translations. Perhaps, we can try something different. For instance a Poisson regression, with a log like (i.e. we consider an exponential extrapolation),
> hausse=1:50; res=rep(NA,50)
> for(k in hausse){
+ VK=k:(10+k)
+ b=data.frame(K=VK,D=Vectorize(decal)(VK))
+ rk=glm(D~K,data=b,family=poisson)
+ res[k]=predict(rk,newdata=data.frame(K=0),type="response")
+ }
> lines(hausse,res,type="l",col="purple")
The purple line will be a Poisson model, with a log link. Perhaps we can try another link function, like a quadratic one
> hausse=1:50; res=rep(NA,50)
> for(k in hausse){
+ VK=k:(10+k)
+ b=data.frame(K=VK,D=Vectorize(decal)(VK))
+ rk=glm(D~K,data=b,family=poisson(link=
+ power(lambda = 2)


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Home > Movies > Reviews
Tabu, Irrfan are brilliant in Namesake
Merril Diniz | March 09, 2007 14:07 IST
A still from Namesake
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Nudity in Mira Nair's Namesake
When a book is made into a film, especially one that is penned by a Pulitzer-Prize winning author, there's more scope for potential disaster. Will the characters, locations, plots and sub-plots pan out as effectively on celluloid as they do in the reader's imagination? Mira Nair's The Namesake, adapted from Jhumpa Lahiri's book by the same name (she won the Pullitzer Prize in 2000 for Interpreter of Maladies), does not disappoint. In fact, it surpasses one's expectations.
The story begins in 1971 Kolkata, a time when foreign products dazzled us and visits by expatriate relatives were pretty much the event of the year. A young Bengali settled in the US, Ashoke Ganguli (Irrfan) marries a local girl Ashima (Tabu) and they migrate to the US. Some years down the line, Ashima gives birth to a son (Kal Penn). The basic premise of the film is this: How will this child survive in American society with a name as odd sounding and tongue twisting as Gogol Ganguli?
Nikolai Gogol is Ashoke's favourite author. A brilliant and eccentric man, who penned literary masterpieces like The Overcoat, he eventually starved to death.
His modern-day namesake Gogol Ganguli experiences all the usual clich�s associated with people with unusual names -- his American classmates poke fun at him during lessons on Russian Literature and women raise a quizzical eyebrow at the part when he reveals his name. He grows up, very annoyed. But also, sadly, with a misconception about the origin of his name. Little does he realise that it has a more profound explanation, than he could ever imagine.
Though the premise sounds flimsy, the film breathes life into the book's characters by leaps and bounds, expanding the central idea to encompass a whole lot more. It dissects the complex lot of the American Born Confused Desi and more importantly, their attitude towards India. But sans the caricatures and the clich�s.
A still from NamesakeIt traces a troubled son's pilgrimage back to his family and the realisations that don on prodigal children only in the face of immense tragedy. In fact, the film is a tribute to one's parents, but tackles the subject sans the emotional drama of say, a Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham. The accents, the sets, the costumes and the dialogues boast of an authenticity, which is often missing in Indian films set in a foreign country. And the cinematography boasts a host of frames rich in texture, especially in the scenes set in Kolkata.
Irrfan Khan brilliantly, effortlessly steps into the shoes (which read 'Made In USA') of the very Bengali, practical, cool-headed Ashoke, accent and all (though it slips in one or two places). The chemistry between Khan and Tabu is intense!
Kal Penn has a meaty role and finally, an opportunity to act. And he does a smooth job of it. The rest of the cast measure up perfectly, like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle.
Though the film begins on a sombre pace (and slips back off and forth), it gains momentum post Gogol's birth. A person sitting next to me during the premiere complained that he couldn't relate to'such type of art films'. There are two aspects to this. If you thrive on escapist flicks, where the end is more sensational than the journey, forget it. The Namesake is very real, bringing out both humour and tragedy in situations where two very different cultures collide. Secondly, if you are an NRI, ex-NRI or a close relative of an NRI, these situations may seem more reminiscent of real life.
Rediff Rating:
Want to see this movie? Check out Rediff Movie Tickets!


Am I Evil Because of the Darkness? Vitamin D Explains The Hobbit
A medical journal's scientific analysis of diet, sunlight exposure, and of the role of vitamin D in fantasy characters is excellent.
"Systematic textual analysis of The Hobbit supports our initial hypothesis that the triumph of good over evil may be assisted to some extent by the poor diet and lack of sunlight experienced by the evil characters," write Dr. Nicholas Hopkinson of Imperial College London and his 15-year-old son Joseph Hopkinson in the current Medical Journal of Australia. They take advantage of the special Christmas edition of the journal to posit a physiologic contributor to a timeless duality at the core of fiction (and life), and why good characters tend to win:
A striking feature of fantasy literature has been the consistent victory of good characters over bad. While the consensus has been to attribute this to narrative conventions about morality and the necessary happiness of endings, we hypothesized that a major contribution to the defeat of evildoers in this context is their aversion to sunlight and their poor diet, which may lead to vitamin D deficiency and hence reduced martial prowess.
Their analysis is also an opportunity to remember that evil people in your life may just have a garden-variety vitamin deficiency or hormonal imbalance. You don't have to be afraid of them. Are they evil because they live in a dark cave, or do they live in a dark cave because they are evil? Does it matter? Assume the best and offer a fish. If you get eaten, you get eaten.


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Rendering-iterables
You will often want to display multiple similar components from a collection of data. The rx.foreach component takes an iterable (list, tuple or dict) and a function that renders each item in the list. This is useful for dynamically rendering a list of items defined in a state.
In this first simple example we iterate through a list of colors and render the name of the color and use this color as the background for that rx.box. As we can see we have a function colored_box that we pass to the rx.foreach component. This function renders each item from the list that we have defined as a state var color.
red
green
blue
yellow
orange
purple
class IterState(rx.State):
 color: list[str] = [
 "red",
 "green",
 "blue",
 "yellow",
 "orange",
 "purple",
 ]
def colored_box(color: str):
 return rx.box(rx.text(color), background_color=color)
def simple_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(IterState.color, colored_box),
 columns="6",
 )
The function can also take an index as a second argument, meaning that we can enumerate through data as shown in the example below.
0
1
2
3
4
5
class IterIndexState(rx.State):
 color: list[str] = [
 "red",
 "green",
 "blue",
 "yellow",
 "orange",
 "purple",
 ]
def enumerate_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(
 IterIndexState.color,
 lambda color, index: rx.box(
 rx.text(index), bg=color
 ),
 ),
 columns="6",
 )
We can iterate through a dict data structure using a foreach. When the dict is passed through to the function that renders each item, it is presented as a list of key-value pairs [("sky", "blue"), ("balloon", "red"), ("grass", "green")].
sky
balloon
grass
class SimpleDictIterState(rx.State):
 color_chart: dict[str, str] = {
 "sky": "blue",
 "balloon": "red",
 "grass": "green",
 }
def display_color(color: list):
 # color is presented as a list key-value pairs [("sky", "blue"), ("balloon", "red"), ("grass", "green")]
 return rx.box(
 rx.text(color[0]), bg=color[1], padding_x="1.5em"
 )
def dict_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(
 SimpleDictIterState.color_chart,
 display_color,
 ),
 columns="3",
 )
rx.foreach can be used with nested state vars. Here we use nested foreach components to render the nested state vars. The rx.foreach(project["technologies"], get_badge) inside of the project_item function, renders the dict values which are of type list. The rx.box(rx.foreach(NestedStateFE.projects, project_item)) inside of the projects_example function renders each dict inside of the overall state var projects.
Next.jsPrismaTailwindGoogle CloudDockerMySQL
PythonFlaskGoogle CloudDocker
class NestedStateFE(rx.State):
 projects: list[dict[str, list]] = [
 {
 "technologies": [
 "Next.js",
 "Prisma",
 "Tailwind",
 "Google Cloud",
 "Docker",
 "MySQL",
 ]
 },
 {
 "technologies": [
 "Python",
 "Flask",
 "Google Cloud",
 "Docker",
 ]
 },
 ]
def get_badge(technology: str) -> rx.Component:
 return rx.badge(
 technology, variant="soft", color_scheme="green"
 )
def project_item(project: dict) -> rx.Component:
 return rx.box(
 rx.hstack(
 rx.foreach(project["technologies"], get_badge)
 ),
 )
def projects_example() -> rx.Component:
 return rx.box(
 rx.foreach(NestedStateFE.projects, project_item)
 )
If you want an example where not all of the values in the dict are the same type then check out the example on var operations using foreach .
Here is a further example of how to use foreach with a nested data structure.
purple
red
blue
orange
yellow
red
green
blue
yellow
class NestedDictIterState(rx.State):
 color_chart: dict[str, list[str]] = {
 "purple": ["red", "blue"],
 "orange": ["yellow", "red"],
 "green": ["blue", "yellow"],
 }
def display_colors(color: list[str, list[str]]):
 return rx.vstack(
 rx.text(color[0], color=color[0]),
 rx.hstack(
 rx.foreach(
 color[1],
 lambda x: rx.box(
 rx.text(x, color="black"), bg=x
 ),
 )
 ),
 )
def nested_dict_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(
 NestedDictIterState.color_chart,
 display_colors,
 ),
 columns="3",
 )
We can also use foreach with the cond component.
In this example we define the function render_item. This function takes in an item, uses the cond to check if the item is_packed. If it is packed it returns the item_name with a next to it, and if not then it just returns the item_name. We use the foreach to iterate over all of the items in the to_do_list using the render_item function.
Sammy's Packing List
 - Space suit ✔
 - Helmet ✔
 - Back Pack
class ToDoListItem(rx.Base):
 item_name: str
 is_packed: bool
class ForeachCondState(rx.State):
 to_do_list: list[ToDoListItem] = [
 ToDoListItem(
 item_name="Space suit", is_packed=True
 ),
 ToDoListItem(item_name="Helmet", is_packed=True),
 ToDoListItem(
 item_name="Back Pack", is_packed=False
 ),
 ]
def render_item(item: [str, bool]):
 return rx.cond(
 item.is_packed,
 rx.list.item(item.item_name + " ✔"),
 rx.list.item(item.item_name),
 )
def packing_list():
 return rx.vstack(
 rx.text("Sammy's Packing List"),
 rx.list(
 rx.foreach(
 ForeachCondState.to_do_list, render_item
 )
 ),
 )
← Conditional RenderingLibrary →
Did you find this useful?


text:
Crops are highly susceptible to drought in sloping land. Due to its good adaptability to complex terrain, sprinkler irrigation is one of the commonly used methods for sloping land. To improve water application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land, an experiment was conducted on an artificial slope to determine the effects of pulsating versus constant pressure on sprinkler flow rate, radius of throw, water distribution pattern, and water application uniformity. Compared with sprinkler flow rate and water distribution uniformity at constant pressure, sprinkler flow rate was not reduced, but water distribution uniformity for a single sprinkler was improved due to the decreased uphill throw, downhill throw and the ratio of downhill throw to uphill throw at pulsating pressure. The Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CU) value of water distribution for a single sprinkler at pulsating pressure was about 10% higher than that of constant pressure. When water distribution of single sprinkler overlapped with rectangular arrangement, CU values for pulsating pressure were on average 4.06% higher than those for constant pressure with different sprinkler spacings. Thus, pulsating pressure is recommended for use in sprinkler irrigation on sloping land to improve water application uniformity.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited


text:
Date of Award
Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
School of Business
Dr. Craig Johnson
Dr. Debra Worden
Dr. David Robinson
In today's world, it is imperative that organizations continuously innovate because their long-term survival is threatened when they do not. Research has shown that two elements are required for an organization to be innovative: an innovative climate and an effective leadership style. Recent studies have begun to explore the relationship between the ethical dimension of leadership and outcomes of an innovative climate, such as promotion of technological innovation and support for innovation.
While there is evidence that ethical leadership may improve innovative climate, the relationship between the two constructs has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to begin the exploration of the possible link between ethical leadership and innovation climate, along with its five dimensions.
Four hundred eighteen participants who work in a variety of industries and occupations participated in the study. Of this number, 359 participants were online panelists of an online research company, and 59 were students and instructors in Bachelor and Masters level courses at three Oregon universities. The former completed the questionnaire over the Internet, and the latter completed hard copy questionnaires in the classroom.
A 5-point Likert score questionnaire was used in the study; it encompassed the ten statements in the Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS) and the 61 statements in the Siegel Scale of Support for Innovation (SSSI). The results showed significant positive correlations between ethical leadership and innovation climate and ethical leadership and each of the five dimensions: continuous development, ownership, normal for diversity, leadership, and consistency.
This study sets the stage for future empirical research regarding the relationship between two important constructs, both of which are required for long-term organizational success. They provide evidence that at least from the employee's perspective, a leader's ethical behaviors have a positive relationship with multiple dimensions of an innovation climate.
Crosley, Virlena, "Empirical Study on the Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Organizational Climate of Innovation" (2014). Doctor of Business Administration (DBA). 1.