Scale Kubernetes Pods
Updated 1 day ago by Michael Cretzman
When you deploy a Kubernetes workload using Harness, you set the number of pods you want in your manifests and in the deployment steps.
With the Scale step, you can scale this number of running pods up or down, by count or percentage.
In this topic:
Before You Begin
Step 1: Add Scale Step
In your Harness Workflow, click Add Step, and select Scale. The Scale settings appear.
Name the step and then provide the scaling strategy, described below.
Step 2: Pick Count or Percentage
The Scale step updates the number of instances running, either by count or percentage.
In Instance Unit Type, select COUNT or PERCENTAGE.
 - COUNT — The number is simply the number of pods.
 - PERCENTAGE — A percentage of the pods defined in your Harness Service Manifests files or a previous Workflow step.
Step 3: Set the Number of Pods
Enter the number of pods to scale up or down compared to the number of instances specified before the Scale step.
The number may come from the Harness Service manifest or a previous Workflow step, whichever set the number of pods right before the Scale step.
For example, in you have replicas: 4 in a manifest in your Service, and you enter 50 PERCENT in Instances, then 2 pods are deployed in this step.
If you have an odd number of instances, such as 3 instances, and then enter 50% in Scale, the number of instances is scaled down to 2.
Step 4: Specify Resources to Scale
Enter the Harness built-in variable ${k8s.canaryWorkload} or the name of the resource in the format [namespace/]Kind/Name, with namespace optional. For example:
You can scale Deployment, DaemonSet, or StatefulSet.
You can only enter one resource in Workload. To scale another resource, add another Scale step.
Here is what a completed step looks like:
Option: Delegate Selector
If your Workflow Infrastructure Definition's Cloud Provider uses a Delegate Selector (supported in Kubernetes Cluster and AWS Cloud Providers), then the Workflow uses the selected Delegate for all of its steps.
In these cases, you shouldn't add a Delegate Selector to any step in the Workflow. The Workflow is already using a Selector via its Infrastructure Definition's Cloud Provider.
If your Workflow Infrastructure Definition's Cloud Provider isn't using a Delegate Selector, and you want this Workflow step to use a specific Delegate, do the following:
In Delegate Selector, select the Selector for the Delegate(s) you want to use. You add Selectors to Delegates to make sure that they're used to execute the command. For more information, see Select Delegates with Selectors.
Harness will use Delegates matching the Selectors you add.
If you use one Selector, Harness will use any Delegate that has that Selector.
If you select two Selectors, a Delegate must have both Selectors to be selected. That Delegate might also have other Selectors, but it must have the two you selected.
You can use expressions for Harness built-in variables or Account Default variables in Delegate Selectors. When the variable expression is resolved at deployment runtime, it must match an existing Delegate Selector.
For example, if you have a Delegate Selector prod and the Workflow is using an Environment also named prod, the Delegate Selector can be ${}. This is very useful when you match Delegate Selectors to Application component names such as Environments, Services, etc. It's also a way to template the Delegate Selector setting.
Option: Skip Steady State Check
If you select this, Harness will not check to see if the workload has reached steady state.
 - You can scale down to 0 to remove all instances.
Next Steps
How did we do?


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Posted May 20, 2015 in All
The Red Panda Network's Forest Guardian programme not only empowers communities to protect red panda habitat but it also employs locals as professional forest stewards. They work within their own communities and perform red panda monitoring and outreach activities. They organize public workshops where participants learn about the status of red pandas, what is being done locally to save them, and valuable red panda monitoring skills.
54 local people have now been trained as forest guardians and are performing monthly monitoring in Community Forests. The newest forest guardian is 19-year-old Nima Dawa Sherpa. Nima lives within walking distance of red panda habitat; the forest of Dobate-Kalapokhari. He is not only a forest guardian but also a nature guide for the eco-trippers. His parents work hard on farmland to support a better education for him. Since joining as a forest guardian, he has received a good source of income to support his education. The Red Panda Network is also supporting him in the cultivation of medicinal plants by providing necessary training. Two nurseries of Paris polyphylla, a highly valued medicinal plant, have been established which will financially support at least 100 local households as well as two nurseries of plant species that will help improve red panda habitat quality.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Working in the field of digital interaction design, Copenhagen-based design agency YOKE has created an immersive light experience exploring light as material for creating temporary structures in urban space. Like a three dimensional sketch pad, the installation works as interactive light architecture. By inviting visitors to create temporary structures of light, the installation explores the fleeting urban spaces of tomorrow.
As a fusion between the Danish words 'construction' and 'structure', Konstruktur challenges the human perception of space. Placed directly onto the floor the installation appears as a minimalist sculpture without a pedestal. The rhythmic movements of the light beams thus create a volatile architecture that for a while changes the space.
By adding smoke, the light beams are made visible to the human eye. This transforms an otherwise intangible form into a physical object and creates a temporary cubic form. Here the light beams appear almost like solid columns in the space.
Each light beam operates individually and reacts to movement. A camera detects bodies moving in front of the installation, which creates a temporary dialogue between the light architecture and the visitors.
Despite its simplistic form language Konstruktur is the result of a long craftsmanship process. Carefully assembled by hand each lightsource consists of an LED, two lenses and a printed circuit board. Together they create a grid of 196 identical light beams.
Unlike the many prefabricated light sources that exist on the market today, the installation is based on a passion for light as material and craft. If you move close enough to the light sources, all the small parts of the structure are clearly visible, thus becoming part of the overall aesthetic of the installation.
Konstruktur was created as a flexible construction that can take on different shapes depending on the specific location and was first exhibited at KUBEN in Horsens, Denmark, in October-November 2017. From February 9th 2018 until March 18th 2018 Konstruktur can be experienced again at Horsens Art Museum, Denmark.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Ysgol Gymraeg Casnewydd
YGCLogo2 TWITTER-clean-icon
Nurturing the minds of tomorrow together
At Ysgol Gymraeg Casnewydd our goal is to nurture pupils to be caring and thoughtful citizens. They will strive to be the best they can be in whatever field they choose in the future.
Our goal is to nurture pupils who are an integral part of modern Wales. They will feel strongly about their language, their country and heritage.
Our goal is to nurture pupils who are aware of their role in society,
who embrace diversity and tolerance for all regardless of sexual orientation, race or religion.
Our goal is to nurture pupils who are confident in themselves. Staff and stakeholders will work together effectively to ensure the best possible welfare of all our children.
"The school provides a range of very innovative and creative learning experiences that motivate nearly all pupils exceptionally well."
Click here to download our full excellent Estyn report 2017
slogan ysgol


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About the National Youth Leadership Forum: Pathways to STEM Alumni
Building New and Bigger Pathways
The NYLF Pathways to STEM Alumni program was developed specifically for students who previously attended the National Youth Leadership Forum (NYLF): Pathways to STEM. The program provides these students with the opportunity to build upon their previous Envision experience and further cultivate their passion for STEM.
At NYLF Pathways to STEM Alumni, students learn by doing as they participate in hands-on simulations that allow them to take on roles, Maker Center Challenges that provide them with additional exposure to STEM opportunities and allow them to showcase their creativity, and an offsite experience filled with interactive learning.
Virtually all career fields today require a solid foundation of STEM. Early and frequent exposure to these fields can set today's kids on a path to success by giving them the tools needed to make informed decisions about the future. During the program, students will gain increased exposure to STEM opportunities and further develop essential success skills while also reconnecting with old friends and forming new bonds with their fellow Envision alumni.


text: Genetic structure of 142 parent lines of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was analyzed using model-based approach based on SSR markers. Forty-one selected from 103 SSR markers were used to analyze the parent lines, which generated 189 alleles revealed by each marker ranging from 2 to 11 with an average of 4.6 per marker. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.543 with a range of 0.089 to 0.850. All the parent lines were assigned to 7 subgroups, named Kafir, Kaoliang, Feterita, Shallu, Hegari, Milo and Durra. Parent lines without clear pedigree record were clustered into their corresponding groups, and genetic components of each line were estimated by Q-values. Information of this study would be useful for breeders to conclude their genetic background and select appropriate parents for germplasm improvement and hybrid breeding, and thus improve the efficiency of breeding programs.


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Participants in the Métis Heritage Festival.
Click here for larger picture.
On June 17, 2017, the Métis Nation of Ontario (MNO) Peterborough and District Wapiti Métis Council (PDWMC) hosted Métis Heritage Day in Peterborough at two fantastic locations.
The morning consisted of activities at the Canadian Canoe Museum, where families had the opportunity to tour the museum and participate in hands-on activities including finger-weaving, beading, bannock making, paddle painting, fire-starting and more. The afternoon activities were held at the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters Mario Cortellucci Hunting and Fishing Heritage Centre. These activities included fishing in the Shimano Pond and use of the archery and air gun range.
The purpose of the day was to bring families together to learn about their culture and heritage and to have a lot of fun! The MNO PDWMC reports that there was an awesome turnout and that it was great to see old and new faces.
Posted: July 12, 2017


3D Printing Lending Lab
In the last few years 3D printing has exploded, revolutionizing whatever it touches, from manufacturing to medical sciences to baking. However, the technology is new enough that it has not started filtering down into the schools yet. The Diyode Community Workshop hopes to jumpstart this by providing a 3D Technology Lending Lab for loan to local schools. The lab would include a 3D scanner, printer, a computer loaded with software, and curriculum. This will allow local students to get their feet wet in 3D without the schools having to fight for a new budget item. Funding Goal: $7,000.
Areas of Interest


Who Wrote This Contemporary Text?
From Everything is Illuminated to The Sabbath, see if you can name the authors of these contemporary texts.
Question 1 of :
Qustion 1. Who is the author of Portnoy's Complaint?
Philip Larkin Philip Roth Saul Bellow Cynthia Ozick
Qustion 2. Who wrote Bread Givers?
Anzia Yezierska YL Peretz AB Yehoshua Rahel
Qustion 3. Who wrote the poem The New Colossus?
Rahel Yehuda Amichai Emma Lazarus Emily Dickinson
Qustion 4. Who wrote the poem Kaddish?
Woody Allen Adrienne Rich Allen Ginsberg Samuel Menashe
Qustion 5. Who wrote Tevye the Dairyman and Other Stories?
Chaim Nachman Bialik Sholem Aleichem Ahad Ha'am David Grossman
Qustion 6. Who wrote Everything is Illuminated?
Nathan Englander Jonathan Safran Foer Jonathan Franzen Rivka Galchen
Qustion 7. Who wrote The Sabbath?
Leo Baeck Moshe Soloveichik Abraham Joshua Heschel Louis Jacobs
Qustion 8. Who wrote As a Driven Leaf?
Louis Jacobs Akiva Tatz Norman Lamm Milton Steinberg
Qustion 9. Who wrote I and Thou?
Martin Buber Abraham Joshua Heschel Elliott Dorff Leo Baeck
Qustion 10. Who wrote Night?
Primo Levi Elie Weisel Cynthia Ozick Roman Polanski
View Printer Friendly Quiz » Return to Web Version


TLD contains information about a library and each tag contained in it. See Tag Library Descriptors for more information about TLDs.
The custom validator tag is defined in bookstore.tld, located in the tut-install/javaeetutorial5/examples/web/bookstore6/web/WEB-INF/ directory. It contains a tag definition for formatValidator:
The name element defines the name of the tag as it must be used in the page. The tag-class element defines the tag handler class. The attribute elements define each of the tag's attributes. The formatPatterns attribute is the only attribute that the tag supports. The deferred-value element indicates that the formatPatterns attribute accepts deferred value expressions. The type element says that the expression resolves to a property of type String.


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'Spray-on' memory could enable bendable digital storage
Researchers have brought us closer to a future of low-cost, flexible electronics by creating a new "spray-on" digital memory device using only an aerosol jet printer and nanoparticle inks.
The device, which is analogous to a 4-bit flash drive, is the first fully-printed digital memory that would be suitable for practical use in simple electronics such as environmental sensors or RFID tags. And because it is jet-printed at relatively low temperatures, it could be used to build programmable electronic devices on bendable materials like paper, plastic or fabric. An article about the research is published in the Journal of Electronic Materials (News Item Duke University, 3 April 2017).
Click here for the news item.
Click here for a summary of the published article.
This news item is also included in our monthly overview, the NVC Members-only Update. If you have any questions, please contact us: _EMAIL_, +31-(0)182-512411.


text:
Fume Formation from Oxidation of Liquid SiMn Alloy
Journal article, Peer reviewed
MetadataShow full item record
Original versionOxidation of Metals. 2017, 1-21. 10.1007/s11085-_PHONE_-y
Thermally generated fumes from the production of manganese ferroalloys are mostly composed of metallic oxides generated due to reaction between high-temperature molten metal and ambient oxygen in the air. In the current study, the fume characteristics (particle morphology, compositions and particle size distribution) from the exposure of a SiMn alloy under an impinging air jet, in the temperature range 1400–1700 °C, were experimentally investigated. Combinations of manganeseand manganese/silicon oxide particles were found in the system, displaying both crystalline and amorphous structures. The governing generation mechanisms of fume from both a thermodynamic and a kinetic perspective are discussed.


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To view all installed sysobjects for the database, run the following query, replacing DBNAME with the name of the relevant database:
select * from sysobjects where xtype ='P' and name like 'aspnet_%'
Sysobject creation scripts are specific to the object. The script below will create aspnet_SchemaVersions:
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].aspnet_CheckSchemaVersion
BEGIN IF (EXISTS( SELECT *
WHERE Feature = LOWER( _USER_ ) AND
CompatibleSchemaVersion = _USER_ ))


Dosimetrist
feature-image
Dosimetrist
Cian
Last updated at September 9, 2021
A medical dosimetrist performs calculations with the goal of creating a treatment plan that maximizes radiation dosage to the patient's target tissue while minimizing radiation to nearby tissue. Dosimetrists perform their job in collaboration with a medical physicist and a radiation oncologist.
A medical dosimetrist needs knowledge of brachytherapy, radiation oncology simulators, and treatment machines. Some of the dosimetrist's duties include assisting with brachytherapy, supervising radiation therapists, and performing in-vivo dosimetry.
What is a Medical Dosimetrist?
A medical dosimetrist possesses a good overall knowledge of math, physics, anatomy & physiology, radiobiology. Medical dosimetrists also know the characteristics and clinical relevance of radiation oncology treatment machines and equipment.
With their expertise, medical dosimetrists design, generate and measure radiation dose distributions and dose calculations. A medical dosimetrist can do this while providing oversight to high-level treatment procedures in both external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy.
What Does a Medical Dosimetrist Do?
Medical Dosimetrists design an individualized plan of treatment for cancer patients. They use computer sciences and mathematics to calculate an appropriate dosage and position for the treatment. They also communicate with the patient's oncologist to ensure accuracy.
To prevent the surrounding tissue from experiencing the same cellular death as the cancerous cells, the radiation therapist positions the patient in the most advantageous way possible. Then, multiple beams of radiation are focused on the patient from different angles. The beams intersect on the cancer cells, allowing for a higher concentration of radiation right where it is needed.
Dosimetrist Salary
According to Salary.com, the average dosimetrist salary in the United States is $121,477 as of May 27, 2021. However, the range typically falls between $111,265 and $131,995. Salary ranges can vary widely of course for a dosimetrist depending on experience and education.
How to Become a Dosimetrist
If you are looking for a way to advance in your career as a radiologic technologist, joining a medical dosimetry program and becoming a medical dosimetrist is a great way to do so. It is a relatively new field that continues to grow.
Because the demand for medical dosimetrists is so huge compared to those getting the certification, it is an opportune field to advance your career. If you have a bachelor's degree in radiation therapy or radio technology, this program is a way for you to take the next step in your career as a dosimetrist.
In short, being a medical dosimetrist can be thought of as a form of specialization for holders of a degree in radiation therapy. Keep in mind that certification rules must be followed to the letter if you are planning to make a career as a medical dosimetrist.
Education and Training Requirements
The field of medical dosimetry aims at imparting students with the right knowledge on the use of radiation for cancer treatment. Numerous universities and colleges offer certificate and degree completion programs for those wishing to specialize as medical dosimetrists.
Medical dosimetrists must have a degree and state license to practice radiation therapy. A dosimetrist must have knowledge of medical physics and oncology, drawing from math, physics, and biology to form integrated treatment plans.
Employers also look for medical dosimetrists to have good listening and communication skills, teamwork, and problem-solving skills. Medical dosimetrists must be able to work harmoniously with other staff members, including medical physicists, radiation therapists, and radiation oncologists. They must also consider risks in the case of unpredictable results.
If you are seeking certification as a dosimetrist, you must have graduated from a JRCERT accredited program that teaches medical dosimetry. Besides that, you must be a holder of a bachelor's degree.
The JRCERT accredited programs all run for at least 12 months. To get a dosimetrist certification, you must present the official transcript and the diploma copies from the program where you obtained the dosimetry skills.
After graduation, you are eligible to sit for the medical dosimetrists exam provided by a recognized body. For instance, the American Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) can issue the exam.
Another route for beginning your journey towards a medical dosimetry certification is to have a degree in biology, physics, or a field related to the medical sector. For example, if you have a physics degree, it means you covered areas such as strong and weak nuclear forces, fundamental particles, radioactive decay, and electromagnetism. On the other hand, if you have a biology degree, you were taught about the life cycle, behavior, and structure of living organisms.
All of these are fields that are related to the area of medical dosimetry.
Three-Attempt Rule
The three-attempt rule applies to all medical dosimetrist candidates that have gone through a dosimetry program and wish to get a certification. A dosimetrist candidate that fails the certification on their third attempt is disqualified from seeking certification again for a period of two years. If the medical dosimetry certification exam is offered more than once every year, they are allowed to take the certification exam that many times.
After a dosimetrist candidate waits out the two-year period, they will have to submit a new application for the medical dosimetrist certification exam. Approval will be based on the prevailing conditions of the time. Whether you had qualified for the medical dosimetry exam or not in the past will not be considered.
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If you aspire to become a medical dosimetrist, you will need to complete courses in the fields of radiation safety, radiobiology, and medical terminology, among many others. If you choose to sign up for a medical dosimetrist program, you will also receive instruction on how to manage patients, the use of the latest medical technology, and how to participate in a medical diagnosis.
A certificate program in medical dosimetry usually lasts for one year. If you want to earn your degree as a medical dosimetrist, it will take much more time.
Programs for training medical dosimetrists that have received JRCERT accreditation are aimed at educated and experienced professionals. If you currently working as a radiotherapist or as a radio technologist, you are a good fit for these programs. Additionally, the medical dosimetrist programs are open to individuals who have a bachelor's degree in a healthcare-related field or physical science.
The program's aim is usually to ensure that students can competently sit for Certified Medical Dosimetrist (CMD) test and pass. The certification, which is voluntary, can be accessed via the Medical Dosimetry Certification Board (MDCB). Although not necessary, most employers will require that you have the medical dosimetry certification anyway. If you want to retain the certification, you must engage in continuing education for medical dosimetrists.


text:
This paper investigates first the influences of ancient Chinese culture on Ezra Pound, and then Pound's influence on the New Culture Movement of modern China (1917). It is a kind of circular journey of literary texts and theories from ancient China to the West and then back to China. This journey, or "circle model," involves textual appropriation, variation, transformation and misunderstanding in every stage.
"China Question of US-American Imagism."
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture
This text has been double-blind peer reviewed by 2+1 experts in the field.
The above text, published by Purdue University Press ©Purdue University, has been downloaded 160 times as of 07/08/21.
American Studies Commons, Education Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other Film and Media Studies Commons, Reading and Language Commons, Rhetoric and Composition Commons, Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, Television Commons, Theatre and Performance Studies Commons, Translation Studies Commons


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This article is about the municipality in Norway. For the community in Minnesota, see Rollag, Minnesota
Rollag is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Numedal. The municipality of Rollag was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). Nore og Uvdal was separated from Rollag in 1858.
The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rollag, although the most populated area in the municipality is Veggli. Rollag is bordered in the north by Nore og Uvdal, in the east by Sigdal, in the south by Flesberg, and in the west by Tinn (Telemark county).
General information
The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Rollag farm (Old Norse: Roll(u)lag), since the first church was built here. The first element is probably (the genitive case of) a river name Rolla (now called the Troelva river) and the last element is lag which means "fishing place". The meaning of the river name is unknown (maybe "the shivering").
The coat-of-arms is from modern times. They were granted in 1993. The arms show two gold-colored lines on a red background. The lines represent an old warning cairn made of timber.
The municipality lies in the heart of the Numedal traditional region and valley, the westernmost valley in southeastern Norway. The river Numedalslågen flows through Rollag and into the Ytre Oslofjord at Larvik.
In the northwest of the Rollag lie the Vegglifjell mountains, which are an entryway into the Hardangervidda. The municipality's highest point is Storegrønut at 1,289 metres (4,229 ft) located in the Vegglifjell mountains.
Rollag stave church
- The Rollag stave church (built around _PHONE_) is located a few kilometres north of the centre of Rollag. It was extended and windows were added in 1652. A new Apse was added in 1666. The transept was constructed in _PHONE_. A gallery was added in 1702. The sacristy was built in 1739. A Baroque pulpit was added in 1763.
Sister cities
The following cities are twinned with Rollag:
External links

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Working with recurrence relations in SAS
Many textbooks and research papers present formulas that involve recurrence relations. Familiar examples include:
 - The factorial function: Set Fact(0)=1 and define Fact(n) = n*Fact(n-1) for n > 0.
 - The Fibonacci numbers: Set Fib(0)=1 and Fib(1)=1 and define Fib(n) = Fib(n-1) + Fib(n-2) for n > 1.
 - The binomial coefficients (combinations of "n choose k"): For a set that has n elements, set Comb(n,0)=1 and Comb(n,n)=1 and define Comb(n,k) = Comb(n-1, k-1) + Comb(n-1, k) for 0 ≤ k ≤ n.
 - Time series models: In many time series models (such as the ARMA model), the response and error terms depend on values at previous time points. This leads to recurrence relations.
Sometimes the indices begin at 0, other times they begin at 1. Working efficiently with sequences and recurrence relations can be a challenge. The SAS DATA step is designed to processes one observation at a time, but a recurrence relation requires looking at past values. If you use the SAS DATA step to work with recurrence relations, you need to use tricks to store and refer to previous values. Another challenge is indexing: most SAS programmers are used to one-based indexing, whereas some formulas use zero-based indexing.
This article uses the Fibonacci numbers to illustrate how to deal with some of these issues in SAS. There are several definitions of the Fibonacci numbers, but we'll look at the definition that uses zero indexing: F0 = 1, F1 = 1, and Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2 for n > 1. In this article, I will use n ≤ 7 to demonstrate the concepts.
Recurrence relations by using arrays
The SAS DATA step supports arrays, and you can specify the indices of the arrays. Therefore, you can specify that an array index starts with zero. The following DATA step generates "wide" data. There is one observation, and the variables are named F0-F7.
data FibonacciWide;
array F[0:7] F0-F7; /* index starts at 0 */
F[0] = 1; /* initialize first values */
F[1] = 1;
do i = 2 to 7; /* apply recurrence relation */
 F[i] = F[i-1] + F[i-2];
drop i;
proc print noobs; run;
You can mentally check that each number is the sum of the two previous numbers. Using an array is convenient and easy to program. Unfortunately, this method is not very useful in practice. In practice, you usually want the data in long form rather than wide form. For example, if you simulate time series data, each observation represents a time point and the values depend on previous time points.
Recurrence relations by using extra variables
In the DATA step, you can use the concept of "lags" to implement a recurrence relation. A lag is any previous value. If we are currently computing the n_th value, the first lag is the (n-1)th value, which is the previous observation. The second lag is the (n-2)th value and so forth. One way to look at previous values is to save them in an extra variable. The following DATA step uses F1 to hold the first lag of F and F2 to hold the second lag of F. Recall that the SUM function will return the sum of the nonmissing values, so sum(F1, F2) is nonmissing if F1 is nonmissing.
data FibonacciLong;
F1 = 1; F2 =.; /* initialize lags */
i=0; F = F1; output; /* manually output F(0) */
do i = 1 to 7; /* now iterate: F(i) = F(i-1) + F(i-2) */
 F = sum(F1, F2);
 F2 = F1; /* update lags for the next iteration */
 F1 = F;
proc print noobs;
 var i F F1 F2;
Recurrence relations by using the LAG function
The DATA step supports a LAGn function. The LAGn function maintains a queue of length n, which initially contains missing values. Every time you call the LAGn function, it pops the top of the queue, returns that value, and adds the current value of its argument to the end of the queue. The LAGn functions can be surprisingly difficult to use in a complicated program because the queue is only updated when the function is called. If you have conditional IF-THEN/ELSE logic, you need to be careful to keep the queues up to date. I confess that I am often frustrated when I try to use the LAG function with recurrence relations. I find it easier to use extra variables.
But since the documentation for the LAGn function includes the Fibonacci numbers among its examples, I include it here. Notice the clever use of calling LAG1(F) and immediately assigning the new value of F, so that the program only needs to compute the first lag and does not use any extra variables:
/* modified from documentation for the LAG function */
data FibonacciLag;
i=0; F=1; output; /* initialize and output F[0] */
/* lag1(F) is missing when _N_=1, but equals F[i-1] in later iters */
do i = 1 to 7;
 F = sum(F, lag(F)); /* iterate: F(i) = F(i-1) + F(i-2) */
proc print noobs; run;
The values are the same as for the previous program, but notice that this program does not use any extra variables to store the lags.
Recurrence relations in SAS/IML
Statistical programmers use the SAS/IML matrix language because of its power and flexibility, but also because you can vectorize computations. A vectorized computation is one in which an iterative loop is replaced by a matrix-vector computation. Unfortunately, for many time series computations, you cannot completely get rid of the loops because the series is defined in terms of a recurrence relation. You cannot compute the n_th value until you have computed the previous values.
The easiest way to implement a recurrence relation in the SAS/IML language is to use the DATA step program for generating the "wide form" sequence. The PROC IML code is almost identical to the DATA step code:
proc iml;
N = 8;
F = j(1, N, 1); /* initialize F[1]=F[2]=1 */
do i = 3 to N;
 F[i] = F[i-1] + F[i-2]; /* overwrite F[i] with the sum of previous terms, i > 2 */
labls = 'F0':'F7';
print F[c=labls];
The program is efficient and straightforward. The output is not shown. The SAS/IML language does not support 0-based indexing, so for recurrence relations that start at 0, I usually define the indexes to match the recurrence relation and add 1 to the subscripts of the IML vectors. For example, if you index from 0 to 7 in the previous program, the body of the loop becomes F[i+1] = F[i]+ F[i-1].
Linear recurrence relations and matrix iteration
The Fibonacci sequence is an example of a linear recurrence relations. For a linear recurrence relation, you can use matrices and vectors to generate values. You can define the Fibonacci matrix to be the 2 x 2 matrix with values {0 1, 1 1}. The Fibonacci matrix transforms a vector {x1, x2} into the vector {x2, x1+x2}. In other words, it moves the second element to the first element and replaces the second element with the sum of the elements. If you iterate this transformation, the iterates generate the Fibonacci numbers, as shown in the following statements:
M = {0 1, /* Fibonacci matrix */
 1 1};
v = {1, 1}; /* initial state */
F = j(1, N, 1); /* initialize F[1]=1 */
do i = 2 to N;
 v = M*v; /* generate next Fibonacci number */
 F[i] = v[1]; /* save the number in an array */
print F[c=labls];
You can use this method to generate sequences in any linear recurrence relation. Previous methods work for linear or nonlinear recurrence relationships. The SAS/IML language also supports a LAG function, although it works differently from the DATA step function of the same name.
This article shows a few ways to work with recurrence relations in SAS. You can use DATA step arrays to apply relations for "wide form" data. You can use extra variables or the LAG function for long form data. You can perform similar computations in PROC IML. If the recurrence relation is linear, you can also use matrix-vector computations to apply each step of the recurrence relation.
About Author
Rick Wicklin
Distinguished Researcher in Computational Statistics
 - Rick Wicklin
 Most children first encounter a recurrence relation in school when arithmetic sequences are introduced. For example, the arithmetic sequence
 1, 5, 9, 13,....
 can be described by the recurrence relation


text:
Design of low cost, low emission marine propulsion systems
Ricardo marine propulsion experts used state-of-the-art computer aided engineering (CAE) software to evaluate the environmental and commercial performance of different marine propulsion system architectures under a range of different usage scenarios.
The work focused on the requirements of a typical harbour tugboat operating in a medium-sized European port. The general characteristics of the vessel were assumed to be a length of 35m, beam of 14m and draft of 5m, with a bollard pull of some 50 tonnes. Two alternative propulsion system configurations were considered for this vessel:
A high-efficiency conventional mechanical architecture, comprising two diesel engines powering respectively a port and starboard propeller by direct drive via a gearbox.
A hybrid electrical propulsion system based on two natural gas engine generator sets providing power to battery banks, with separate electric motors driving each propeller.
The study demonstrated the value of applying CAE simulation tools at the very earliest stages of vessel design or of repowering. From assessing the likely usage profile, the CAE tools allowed for the early assessment of detailed considerations of environmental performance, capital and operational expenditure requirements, and likely return on investment.


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Mrs. Dixon's Home Page » Treasure Key
In Dixon Den we have special keys that allow students to bring in a "treasure" to share with the class. Much like show and tell, the first grader with the key stands up in front of the class to tell all about the treasure he/she has brought to share. The holder of the key should be able to tell why the item is a treasure to him/her and be able to tell important information about the treasure. If your child brings home the key, please help him/her to choose something interesting to share with our class. Some good ideas include: a few pictures or a souvenir from a recent trip, part of a collection, pictures of a pet, a favorite book, a special or unusual gift, or something from nature. Help your first grader put the key and the treasure in his/her backpack that evening so nothing will be forgotten the next morning. In order to share, a child must bring both the treasure and the key. Dixon Den first graders look forward to their turn with the key! It gives them an opportunity to practice speaking in front of a group and it makes them feels special!
Amy Dixon's Site
Mott Road Elementary School
7173 Mott Road
Fayetteville, NY 13066


Bad or Badly: Instead of Feeling Badly, Just Feel Bad
Bad is an adjective that is used with linking verbs (verbs of being, such as be, become, seem, feel, taste, look, smell).
 - Don't feel bad about slamming my hand in the car door; it happens all the time.
 - I feel bad about dropping you off in the middle of the highway, but I'm running really late.
 - He looks bad; it must be the flu.
 - This soup tastes bad; it reminds me of my grandmother's cooking.
Badly is an adverb, and it describes how you do something (or, as some would say, it modifies a verb–as long as it isn't a linking verb). She sings badly means that you cover your ears whenever she breaks into her operatic rendition of I Will Survive. He swings the bat badly could mean that he swings it so erratically that he has to yell heads up! every time he steps up to the plate.
To feel badly means that your sense of touch is, as the phrase goes, out of whack. This tastes badly means that the food you're talking about is actually what's doing the tasting, and it's somehow doing it in a bad way. Talk about bad taste!
Paul's book–Literally, the Best Language Book Ever;
Sherry's Grammar List


text:
A new study by researchers from McGill University and the University of British Columbia shows that mice, like humans, express pain through facial expressions.
McGill Psychology Prof. Jeffrey Mogil, UBC Psychology Prof. Kenneth Craig and their respective teams have discovered that when subjected to moderate pain stimuli, mice showed discomfort through facial expressions in the same way humans do. Their study, published online May 9 in the journal Nature Methods, also details the development of a Mouse Grimace Scale that could inform better treatments for humans and improve conditions for lab animals.
Because pain research relies heavily on rodent models, an accurate measurement of pain is paramount in understanding the most pervasive and important symptom of chronic pain, namely spontaneous pain, says Mogil.
"The Mouse Grimace Scale provides a measurement system that will both accelerate the development of new analgesics for humans, but also eliminate unnecessary suffering of laboratory mice in biomedical research," says Mogil. "There are also serious implications for the improvement of veterinary care more generally."
This is the first time researchers have successfully developed a scale to measure spontaneous responses in animals that resemble human responses to those same painful states.
Mogil, graduate student Dale Langford and colleagues in the Pain Genetics Lab at McGill analyzed images of mice before and during moderate pain stimuli - for example, the injection of dilute inflammatory substances, as are commonly used around the world for testing pain sensitivity in rodents. The level of pain studied could be comparable, researchers said, to a headache or the pain associated with an inflamed and swollen finger easily treated by common analgesics like Aspirin or Tylenol.
Mogil then sent the images to Craig's lab at UBC, where facial pain coding experts used them to develop the scale. Craig's team proposed that five facial features be scored: orbital tightening (eye closing), nose and cheek bulges and ear and whisker positions according to the severity of the stimulus. Craig's laboratory had previously established studying facial expression as the standard for assessing pain in human infants and others with verbal communication limitations. This work is an example of successful "bedside-to-bench" translation, where a technique known to be relevant in our species is adapted for use in laboratory experiments.
Continuing experiments in the lab will investigate whether the scale works equally well in other species, whether analgesic drugs given to mice after surgical procedures work well at their commonly prescribed doses, and whether mice can respond to the facial pain cues of other mice.


text:
Do you know the watch case production flow? It can be divided into Alloy case, Stainless steel case and so on.
Watch Case Production Flow
At present, the domestic market case by brass, copper alloy, steel, tungsten steel case.
1.Alloy case: Generally speaking, the processing technology is simple, the production cycle is short, the output is large, the price is low, and the development in recent years is relatively rapid. But because of its water resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and many other aspects of the lack of large celebration activities rarely used, generally used in beer, beverages and other aspects of the promotion. It belongs to middle and low price watches.
2.Brass Case: shell has the advantages of easy processing, beautiful appearance, good waterproof performance, surface wear and corrosion resistance and other advantages. Many manufacturers use them more. Its moderate price is also its advantage. Belongs to the high, middle class watches.
3.Steel case: general processing complex, output is small, the price is high, its performance is better than that of alloy shell and shell, generally used for high-grade electronic watches and mechanical or automatic mechanical watches. It belongs to high-end watches.
4.Tungsten steel case: machining difficult, not easy to wear, and with a sapphire watch, Japan movement, tungsten steel watchband. This watch is usually a high-end electronic watch.
Now most factory is the first line of cutting embryo assigned, if the guest to return after OK to mold the embryo
Embryos are divided into fine embryos and rough embryos. After the fine embryo comes back, it can only be processed very little, and some can be milled in rice,
There is a hole in the screw. And the rough embryo doesn't need me to explain
The processing process of a watch case is divided into three parts:
1. Machine processing, that is, cutting, cutting, including the car, milling, drilling, and now more popular CNC processing technology. Highest technical content
2.The mill is mainly used to machine mill processing, the appearance of grinding is the core technology of high-end table. Asking for experience.
3. The last one is packaging, that is, playing glass, Pakistan tube, the lowest technical content


text:
A herd of cows in the Yorkshire Dales are to have their every move monitored by satellite in a conservation project.
Fifty cows on the Ingleborough Nature Reserve will wear electronic collars with a Global Positioning System (GPS).
Experts hope the devices will reveal where the cows go and what they eat, helping to preserve rare vegetation.
A national park spokesman said: "It's one of the first projects to use GPS on livestock - normally they are put on animals like polar bears and tigers."
The equipment will be able to pinpoint the exact position of the cattle at any one time, down to minute details such as whether a cow is grazing, standing still or moving.
A spokesman for the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority said the project would help landowners and farmers to improve the management of the wildlife on their land by finding out where the cows go, when they go to certain areas and what they eat when they get there.
Paul Evans, manager of the nature reserve, said: "The cattle are free to roam over pretty large areas so, at any one particular time, we don't always know exactly where they are or what they are doing.
"The idea is to find out where they go and at what times of the day and the year. We can then analyse the vegetation and terrain in those areas - for example grassland, peat bog or scrub.
"That will tell us what they prefer to eat during the different seasons of the year and this will help us to assess their impact on the local ecology."
The information will help the reserve to develop management techniques to direct the cattle away from vulnerable areas and into others.
The scheme is the latest phase of a five-year Limestone Country Project, which aims to preserve rare plants and flowers by encouraging farmers to return to mixed livestock grazing using hardy, native cattle breeds.


How to Respond to Tragic Events and CalamitiesQuiz
This quiz is a complementary resource for activity 3 of this lesson: How to Explain Calamities and Tragic Events to Madrassah Children
Through this quiz students are tested on their understanding of how a believer responds to tragic events emotionally, physically and intellectually. Additionally, they are tested on their correct understanding of the concept of Qadar in relation to calamities that no one has control over, ones that are self-caused and ones that are caused by others to us.


text:
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Alternative forms
From French québécois.
Related terms
- "Quebecois" Merriam Webster Online Dictionary (1989) (as accessed on 6 February 2007).
- "Québecois" Oxford English Dictionary (1989) (as accessed on 6 February 2007).
See also
- Of or relating to Quebec, its people, or its variety of French.


text:
You are hereHome » Teaching in a Time of Crisis
Teaching in a Time of Crisis
Translation of content on this website is performed by Google™ Translate, which performs automated computer translations that are only an approximation of the original content. The translations should only be used as a rough guide. MSU does not and cannot guarantee the accuracy of the translations generated by Google™ Translate.
At times of national, international, or campus community crises, students welcome time to share their responses and concerns in class. The resources below provide guidelines and suggestions for faculty in leading classroom discussions at these times and integrating these issues whenever possible into the context of the course or discipline.
Teaching in a Time of International Crisis: Focus on Haiti (Michigan State University, Office of Faculty and Organizational Development).
Provides resources for responding to the Haiti earthquake and its aftermath.
"Teaching in a Time of Crisis: Focus on Hurricane Katrina" (Michigan State University, Office of Faculty and Organizational Development).
Contains online resources specific to dealing with Hurricane Katrina in the classroom, but also links to more general resources on teaching in a time of crisis, such as a crisis booklet from Western Kentucky University.
Discussion Guidelines (University of Michigan, Center for Research on Learning and Teaching).
This site contains links to guidelines for classroom discussions about the tragedy of September 11, 2001, the war in Iraq, the Tsunami in 2004, Hurricane Katrina in 2005, and other controversial or tragic incidents. Guidance and suggestions for classroom activities are general enough to provide valuable resources to draw on during any time of crisis that impacts the classroom.
Teaching in Times of Crisis (Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching)
More guidelines and resouces for classroom discussions of a local, national, or international crisis.
"In the Eye of the Storm: Students' Perceptions of Helpful Faculty Actions Following a Collective Tragedy" by Therese A. Huston, Seattle University, and Michele Di Pietro, Carnegie Mellon University. In To Improve the Academy, Vol. 25, September 2006, 207-224
Surveys of faculty actions and student's preception are followed by analysis of most helpful reactions and implications for dealing with future crises.
Guidance for Instructors Leading Classes in the Wake of 9/11/01 (Ohio State University, Faculty and TA Development).
Although designed for discussions of 9/11, the strategies on this web page offer useful methods for guiding discussions about other crises as well.
"Tragedy in the College Classroom: A Reference Guide for Faculty" (Western Kentucky University, Faculty Center for Excellence in Teaching).
This site deals with tragedy that affects the classroom community such as the death of a student or faculty member. Links to other sites provide guidelines for dealing with students' distress. WKU Faculty Reports describe ways faculty and students dealt with two different classroom tragedies.
Guidelines for Class Participation (Center for Research on Learning and Teaching at the University of Michigan).
This link provides guidelines that can be used to develop an atmosphere of mutual respect and collective inquiry when discussions are held in times of crisis as well as other occasions.
Responding to Crises (Professional and Organizational Development Network)
Resources and useful links gathered by the POD Network for faculty dealing with classroom responses to campus and national crises.
Guidance for Instructors Concerning Class Discussions About the War in Iraq (University of Michigan Center for Research on Learning and Teaching)
Useful information about how to assess if unplanned discussion is appropriate, issues to consider, suggestions for a planned discussion, and links to further resources on the war.
Responding to the Tragedy at Virginia Tech: Identifying and Responding to Students in Crisis (MSU Office of Faculty and Organizational Development)
This site contains links to MSU resources for faculty dealing with students in distress.
Campus Emergency Response, Communication, and Classroom Safety (MSU Multi-Lilly Workshop October 11, 2007)
Prepared by the Emergency Management Unit at Michigan State University, this PowerPoint presentation contains information on police response to emergencies at MSU and explains what faculty should do if they are involved in an emergency situation.
H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu)
Information and Frequently Asked Questions regarding the H1N1 flu virus.


Question: Is Regular Corn Flour The Same As Whole Grain Flour
December 30, 2009
Anonymous's picture
Although corn (or maize) is considered a whole grain, when referred to in powder form, corn flour is not considered to be the same as whole grain flour. Whole grain flour typically refers to wheat flour derived from grinding whole grain into flour.


text:
The science of swing is a matter of much debate and, while no one can be exactly certain what is the source on any given day, the end result is sideways movement, often significantly greater than that produced by seam bowlers. It is also generated through the air as opposed to off the pitch like seam bowlers. The key factors in producing swing are the following:
- Uneven wear on the ball - This is achieved by polishing one side of the ball incessantly during the day, while the other side continues to experience wear and tear. The result is a disparity in the aerodynamic qualities of either side.
- Raised seam of the ball - The position of the ball is absolutely pivotal.
- Speed of delivery - Without going into the specific science of turbulent flow as against laminar flow, swing bowling requires reduced pace, with medium fast and fast medium bowlers (and even medium pacers) taking advantage as a result. When combined with a raised seam and differences in the quality of either side of the ball, sideways movement is generated in the direction of the turbulent side.
- Grip on the ball - See below.
- Weather conditions - Particularly significant in England, the weather can improve or damage the chances of swing. Overcast or humid conditions are generally conducive to swing bowling, while beautiful sunshine can render the bowler much less effective.
There are two stock deliveries of the swing bowler which pertain to the grip and the raised seam of the ball:
- Out-swinger - To achieve an out-swinger, the bowler must hold the ball with the rough side placed on the left and grip it with a vertical seam and the first two fingers on either side of it. During the delivery, the bowler then angles the seam slightly left. The result is that the ball swings towards the off-side and away from the right-handed batsman (hence the alternative term 'away swinger').
- In-swinger - Again a vertical seam is necessary but the first two fingers must be across the seam angling slightly towards the right (the leg side to a right-handed batsman). The seam must then be angled towards the right before release, giving the ball a chance to move into the right-handed batsman (towards the leg-side).


text:
- For Teachers
Can someone tell me the difference between the verbs to strike and to hit
I have teaching practise in a few days so I will be grateful if you can give me some ideas on this.
And if anyone knows the best way to teach to Strike to students.
Shall I use pictures, which examples etc
The words are basically synonyms. Except in baseball where a strike is the opposite of a hit.
And, of course, "to strike" can mean "to refuse to work" for some reason, usually to get something you want or to show your opposition to something that has happened, is happening or is going to happen.
Remember - correct capitalisation, punctuation and spacing make posts much easier to read.
However, I would still argue that "a strike" is not the opposite of "a hit" if for no other reason than the umpire may call either "a strike" or (in my opinion, the opposite) "a ball" without the batter swinging his/her bat.


text:
Follow along with Sid the Science in this fascinating Kid I'm Not Afraid of the Dark Book as he takes on some simple science experiments to teach children that there is nothing to be afraid of when the lights are out.
Sid the Science Kid is scared of the dark but he engages in some science experiments that help him and his friends understand why there's nothing to fear. Young readers will enjoy the fun illustrations in this Sid the Science Kid I'm Not Afraid of the Dark Level 1 Book.
- Author: Meister, Cari
- Reading level: Children's, Age 6-7
- Publication date: 5/3/2011
SKU #: SID-200-9780061852619


text:
Some symbols of friendship include yellow roses, pine trees and pandas. Yellow roses are considered a symbol of friendship (as well as joy) because of their color, which is bright, cheerful and pleasant without the romantic or passionate connotations of other rose colors.Continue Reading
The panda and pine tree are both traditional Chinese symbols of friendship.
Given its evergreen nature, the pine tree, which is revered in traditional Chinese culture, symbolizes friendship in the face of adversity. Meanwhile, as a symbol of lasting friendship, the panda also symbolizes harmony (because of its black and white pelt, which is reminiscent of the yin and yang) and peace (because of its gentle demeanor and, in contrast to other bears, its vegetarian diet).Learn more about Symbolism


I would like to know if there are any good practices for modeling Roles in ontologies. I am particularly interested by modeling roles that changes over time (CEO Role during a period of time). Also it is very common to model roles as properties and roles as classes. What are the best practices to pick one or the other approach? How can we relate both?
Thanks in advance
asked 13 Dec '12, 13:59
fellahst's gravatar image
accept rate: 11%
edited 14 Dec '12, 18:30
The pattern Time indexed person role from the Ontology Design Patterns might help you. Similar pattern is used in the Organization Ontology to express changes of roles through time, see this example.
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answered 16 Dec '12, 13:17
jindrichm's gravatar image
accept rate: 35%
You may be interested in the participation schema _URL_
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answered 16 Dec '12, 12:17
brinxmat's gravatar image
accept rate: 15%
I made some research on this topic the last couple of days and I realized that my question was a pretty tough one to answer. I wanted to share with you my findings, in the hope that the readers will produce better ontologies in the future.
The best papers I have found on the subject of properly modeling roles in ontologies are:
OntoClean is a methodology for validating the ontological adequacy of taxonomic relationships. It is based on highly general ontological notions drawn from philosophy, like essence, identity, and unity, which are used to characterize relevant aspects of the intended meaning of the properties, classes, and relations that make up an ontology. These aspects are represented by formal metaproperties, which impose several constraints on the taxonomic structure of an ontology. The analysis of these constraints helps in evaluating and validating the choices made.
These last two papers were the best I could find on this topic and the model presented seems to be very solid and has been used for building the ontology editor Hozo.
Existing ontology tools such as Topbraid, Protege do not have any formal model built-in to properly model roles in ontologies and techniques like Ontoclean to validate the quality of the ontologies. Addition of such techniques would be a great improvement, that would lead to the production of better and more reusable ontologies. Too many ontologies produced today are poor qualities because the tools do not implement best practices in ontology modeling.
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answered 16 Dec '12, 16:29
fellahst's gravatar image
accept rate: 11%
edited 16 Dec '12, 16:33
Good pointers (esp OntoClean which presents a useful set of guidelines), though I somewhat disagree with your last paragraph. While additional tool support is of course always useful and can make things easier, ultimately, proper modeling of an ontology is the ontology egineer's job, and conversely, if it's not done right, the engineer's fault, not the tool's.
(16 Dec '12, 19:46) Jeen Broekstra ♦ Jeen%20Broekstra's gravatar image
The question of whether to model some characteristic as a class or a property is a very common one. It does not only apply to roles, but to any sort of characteristic of an individual you can think of. In general, I'd say that a good rule of thumb is to think about whether the characteristic you're modeling is intrinsic to the individual: if the characteristic were to change, would we still consider the individual the same individual? If the answer to that question is yes, it is not intrinsic, and this makes it a good candidate for modeling it as a property. If the answer is no, it makes it a good candidate for modeling as a class.
This may sound straightforward but it often is not clear cut. Example: in a domain about cars, we may want to say things about red cars and blue cars. Should the color be a (sub)class (:RedCar and :BlueCar), or a property (:Car :hasColor :Color)? The answer IMO depends on whether you consider colors intrinsic to the item being modeled. If, in your domain, you wanted to cater for the fact that cars can be spray-painted a different color, then modeling as a property makes more sense. If, however, in your domain you consider the color a uniquely defining characteristic, then modeling as a class may make more sense (as an aside, another reason to choose properties over classes is that you may not always know the color of each individual, and dealing with that kind of missing information is often easier when it's expressed as a property).
In the case of roles, I'd say that modeling as a property generally makes more sense, especially if, as in your case, you anticipate them changing over time.
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answered 16 Dec '12, 15:12
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Jeen Broekstra ♦
accept rate: 37%
Not sure how your comment relates to my question.
(19 Dec '12, 23:09) fellahst fellahst's gravatar image
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text:
"Control" in a Sentence (with Audio)
control (n, v): the act of controlling something or someone, or the power to do this; to order, limit, or rule something, or someone's actions or behaviour
Use "control" in a sentence
He struggled to retain control of the situation.
He couldn't control his anger.
Nobody can control us.
Everything is under control.
Back to "3000 Most Common Words in English"


How many member states will the European Union have in 2025?
The European Union has 27 member states (as of May 2020). The last change in the number was the exit of Great Britain.
Currently, Five countries registered their interest to become a member of the EU. Turkey (applied in 1987), North Macedonia (applied in 2004), Montenegro (applied in 2008), Albania (applied in 2009), and Serbia (applied in 2009). Turkey accession talks are currently at a standstill; the other four countries are actively negotiating conditions of the entry.
On the other side, Great Britain showed the way out of the EU. The mechanism of how to exit the EU officially does not exist, but Great Britain set a precedent.
In your opinion, how many countries will be part of the European Union in 2025?
How many member states will European Union have in 2025?
Share the details who will be in and why in the comments section below.
Leave a Reply


text: line shift measurements that both provide irrefutable evidence of singlet pairing of the inner tetramer spins, and their activation as the temperature is raised. This activation energy is consistent with spin interaction determined from a non-local methods. For the BoNO compound, a plethora of characterisation methods has been done, including the cooperation with chemistry department and Ruđer Bošković Institute, but also the heat capacity measurement setup made in-house. In the scope of this thesis, Luttinger liquid region of the phase diagram has been studied. It was shown that inside the Luttinger liquid region of the phase diagram the interaction is attractive, as was theoretically predicted for the Haldane chain system. These findings will provide a good basis for the start of measurements at low temperature and high magnetic field facilities, required to fully understand this compound. Additionally, Appendix A contains specifics of the calculations for the eigenvalues and eigenstates for the SeCuO_3 tetramer model.


Wednesday, May 4, 2011
GEM Overview
This is the script of a short intro I've given at the Linaro@UDS memory management summit in Budapest in spring 2011. Yep, it's a bit old...
The core idea of GEM is to identify graphic buffer objects with 32bit ids. The reason being "X runs out of open fds" (KDE easily reaches a few thousand).
The core design principle behind GEM is that the kernel is in full control of the allocation of these buffer objects and is free to move the around in any way it sees fit. This is to make concurrent rendering by multiple processes possible while userspace can still assume that it is in sole possession of the gpu - GEM means "graphics execution manager".
Below some more details on what GEM is and does, what it does _not_ do and how it relates to other graphic subsystems.
GEM does...
 - lifecycle management. Userspace references are associated with the drm fd and get reaped on close (in case userspace forgets about them).
 - per-device global names to exchange buffers between processes (eg dri2). These names are again 32bit ids. These global ids do not count as userspace references and don't prevent a buffer from being reaped.
 - it implements very few generic ioctls:
 - flink for creating a global name for a buffer object
 - open for getting a per-fd handle to a buffer object with a global name
 - close for dropping a per-fd handle.
 - a little bit of kernel-internal helpers to facilitate mmap (by blending multiple buffer objects into the single drm device address space) and a few other things.
That's it, i.e. GEM is very much meant to be as simple as possible.
Driver-specific GEM ioctls
The generic GEM stuff is obviously not very useful. So drivers implement
quite a bit driver-specific ioctls, like:
 - buffer creation. In recent kernels there is some support to create dumb scanout objects for KMS. But they're only really useful for boot-splashs and unaccelerated dumb KMS drivers. Creating buffers usable for rendering is only possible with driver specific ioctls.
 - command submission. An important part is mapping abstract buffer ids to actual gpu address (and rewriting batchbuffers with these). In the future, with support for virtual gpu address spaces this might change.
 - tiling management. The kernel needs to know this to correctly tile/detile buffers when moving them around (e.g. evicting from vram).
 - command completion signalling and gpu/cpu synchronization.
There are currently two approaches for implementing a GEM driver:
 - roll-your-own, used by drm/i915 (and sometimes getting flaked for NIH).
 - ttm-base: radeon & nouveau.
GEM does not...
This still leaves out a few things that I've seen mentioned as
ideas/requirements here and elsewhere:
- cross-device buffer sharing and namespaces (see below) and
- buffer format handling and mediation between different users (except
tiling as mentioned above). The reason here is that gpus are a mess
and one of the worst parts is format handling. Better keep that out
of the kernel...
KMS (kernel mode setting)
KMS is essentially just a port of the xrandr api to the kernel as an ioctl
 - crtcs feed (possible multiple) outputs and get their data from a framebuffer object. A major part of KMS is also the support for vsynced-pageflipping of framebuffers.
 - Internally there's some support infrastructure to simplify drivers (all the drm_*_helper.c code).
 - framebuffers are created from a opaque driver-specific 32bit id and a format description. For GEM drivers these ids name GEM objects, but that need not be: The recently merged qemu kms driver does not implement gem and has one unique buffer object with id 0.
 - as mentioned above there newly is a generic ioctl to create an object suitable as a dumb scanout (plus some support to mmap it).
 - currently KMS has no generic support for overlays (there are driver-specific ioctls in i915 and vmgfx, though). Jesse Barnes has posted an RFC to remedy this:
PRIME is a proof-of-concept implementation from Dave Airlie for sharing
GEM objects between drivers/devices: Buffer sharing is done with a list of
struct page pointers. While being shared, buffers can't be moved anymore.
No further buffer description is passed along in the kernel, format/layout
mediation is to be handled in userspace.
Blog-post describing the initial design for sharing buffers between an
integrated Intel igd and a discrete ATI gpu:
Other code using the same framework to render on an Intel igd and display
the framebuffer on an usb-connected displayport:;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/udl-v2
GEM/KMS and fbdev
There's some minimal support to emulate an fbdev with a gem/kms driver.
Resolution can't be changed and it's unaccelerated. There's been some
muttering once in a while to better integrate this with either a kms
kernel console driver or by routing fbdev resolution changes to kms.
But the main use case is to display a kernel oops, which works. For
everything else there's X (or an EGL client that understands kms).
 1. And the slides for my little presentation about GEM/KMS at the graphics memory management summit at Linaro Connect in Budapest 2011:
 2. I was looking for a standard way to acquire a physical address of a GEM (in fact CMA) BO. Is there a standard IOCTL, or there is some issue with my approach?
 1. Nope, and if you try to do this from userspace, you're doing it wrong ;-) Userspace shouldn't require any knowledge of the physical location of gem objects. Usually such hacks are used to share buffers between different drivers, for which we now have the dma-buf framework.
 Also note that this article is pretty old, it only accidentally ended up at the top again due to a quickly-rectified operator error...
 2. I see... Yes I used physical addressing to share bo between DRM and V4L subsystems. But it is 3.5 and I don't remember if dma-buf was there.
 3. You mentioned about TTM and GEM, is it possible to have both exists in the kernel space to support different user space drivers under one system?
 1. Sure, e.g. radeon is TTM based and i915 is GEM based, and on a dual-gpu system you can use both.


Differece Between Crushed Sand Stone Dust
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New Projects Of Differece Between Crushed Sand Stone Dust
Crushed Stone vs. Quarry Process vs. Stone Dust
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Workers Unearth Maine Building Buried In Sand For 75 Years
If you have spent much time adventuring around Maine there is a good chance you have made at least one stop at The Desert of Maine. If you have never been there it is a legit desert. No, really.
The desert has been there for thousands of years, but the sand had (until the last few centuries) always been covered by soil. Sadly, poor farming practices in the 19th century lead to soil erosion which unearthed the sand. While it forced the abandonment of the farm, it did create a cool tourist attraction.
During your tour of the desert, you probably wandered past a sign detailing the history of a freshwater spring that once graced the property. A small building that had been built on the location sold cups of spring water to the desert's visitors. During the shutdown caused by World War 2, many of the tourist attraction's buildings were reclaimed by the sands. The spring building was one of those buried. It did not happen immediately, though. The tip top of the building was visible until 1962. Yes, the building has not been seen in its entirety for nearly 80 years!
Over the weekend, all that changed!
According to a post on The Desert of Maine Facebook page, an old sign claimed the building was buried under 8 feet of sand. Using ground-penetrating radar, it was found the top of the house was only 15 feet under the sand. So, what did they do? They started digging! Their plan is to continue to excavate the old building. Who knows, maybe the spring is still there, too!
Share your pictures of visits to The Desert of Maine with us through Facebook or through our app.
Have you downloaded our FREE app? You can use it to stream the station, message the DJs, and get breaking local news sent right to your phone. Yeah, you'll never have to go looking for the info you need ever again! Just enter your phone number in the box below and we'll text you the download link.


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A Tingling Sensation In The Abdomen And Thighs When Exercising With Weights?
Hello, I want to ask you.rnWhy do my stomach and thighs have a tickling sensation when I do sports movements that use weights?rnrnPlease enlighten me, thanks!
Sport is one part of efforts to maintain health. Exercise using your own weight has a variety of goals ranging from maintaining fitness to increasing muscle strength.
What you are experiencing could be caused by uncomfortable clothes. Uncomfortable clothing can cause discomfort ranging from tingling to possibly painful during exercise.
In addition, because you practice using weights, it could be that an incorrect position or method can also be a trigger, causing the activities you are doing to be inappropriate with your body's physiology, causing discomfort.
Since you're using weights in your workout, make sure you warm up enough to start adding more intensity to your workout. Otherwise, your body will have difficulty keeping up with the weight and intensity of your workout, causing the discomfort you experience.
It's a good idea to learn the procedures for training with weights well before starting the exercise or learning from a trained trainer. This is useful so that your exercise is effective and reduces the risk of injury.
I hope this helps.


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This paper proposes a single-loop repetitive voltage control strategy which incorporates the active damping control feature for single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) applications. The proposed method reduces the effect of the LC
resonant peak, which limits the control bandwidth and deteriorates the stability of the entire control loop by effectively increasing the damping component. Due to the increased stability margin, a repetitive controller working together with a proportional-resonant (PR) controller can be easily adopted. Moreover, the voltage error is minimized even under severe non-linear load conditions. It is confirmed that the proposed single-loop controller achieves excellent and stable voltage regulation performance by evaluating the entire loop-gain of the system and the output impedance. Both the simulation and the experimental results for a 1.5 kW UPS inverter show agree well with the analyses, and the excellence of the proposed method has been verified.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited


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Lead Contents
FAQ02786 of General Purpose Relays FAQ
FAQ No. FAQ02786
Primary Contents
Question
How do you use the durability curve?
Answer
The durability curve is used to check the maximum switching capacity (expected service life).
The following example will be used to describe how to find the maximum switching capacity of a contact at a particular contact current.
Look at the graph to determine what is the expected service life of Relays with 1-A contact current and 20-VDC resistive load.
MY4 General-purpose Relays
1.Draw a vertical line where the switching current is 1 A (red line).
2.Draw a horizontal line from the point of intersection with the 30-VDC resistive load curve (green line).
3.Where the green line intersects with the durability axis is the expected service life. In this case, the expected number of operations is 700,000 operations.
Example:
What is the expected service life for a 220-VAC 2-A resistive load?
Answer:
Approximately 400,000 operations (blue line).
Recommended Products
MY
Best-selling, general-purpose relays that can be selected based on operating environment and application
LY
Power-switching Compact General-purpose Relays
G3PE (Three-phase)
Compact, Slim-profile SSRs with Heat Sinks. Solid State Contactors for Three-phase Heaters Reduced Installation Work with DIN Track Mounting.
Other General Purpose Relays FAQ


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Two years and 10 days after his election to the presidency, Cornelius Conway Felton lay dead. His determination to do the job was too much for a constitution already weakened by a heart condition. (Ironically, he had once presided over a Boston physical-education society.)
Felton (_PHONE_) was a noted scholar who also found time to share his talents with the Massachusetts Board of Education and the Smithsonian Institution. Despite its brevity, the Felton presidency produced at least one milestone. At Commencement 1860, Felton conferred degrees upon the first Harvard Class of more than 100 graduates.
More ominously, as civil war loomed on the national horizon, most Southern students left Harvard during the winter break of 1860-61, never to return.
Cornelius Conway Felton
President of Harvard University _PHONE_ (died in office on Feb. 26)


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Liberism (derived from the Italian term liberismo) is a term for the economic doctrine of laissez-faire capitalism first used by the philosopher Benedetto Croce,[citation needed] and popularized in English by the Italian-American political scientist Giovanni Sartori.
Sartori imported the term from Italian in order to distinguish between social liberalism, which is generally considered a political ideology often advocating extensive government intervention in the economy, and those liberal theories of economics which propose to virtually eliminate such intervention. In informal usage, liberism overlaps with other concepts such as free trade, neoliberalism, right-libertarianism, the American concept of libertarianism, and the French notion of laissez-faire.
In Italy, liberism is often identified with the political theories of Gaetano Mosca, Luigi Einaudi and Bruno Leoni. Internationally, liberism has been advocated by the Austrian School of economic theory, for instance by Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich von Hayek.
 - Giovanni Sartori: The Theory of Democracy Revisited. Chatham, N.J: Chatham House, 1987. ISBN 0-934540-49-7.


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Symmetric decompositions of cost variation
European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 285 p. 1189- 1198
In this paper a number of symmetric, empirically implementable decompositions of the cost variation (in difference and ratio form) of a production unit are developed. The components distinguished are price level change, technical efficiency change, allocative efficiency change, technological change, scale of activity change, and price structure change. Given data from a (balanced) panel of production units, all the necessary ingredients for the computation of the various decompositions can be obtained by using linear programming techniques (DEA). An application is provided.
|Cost variation, Decomposition, Efficiency change, Productivity and competitiveness, Technological change|
|European Journal of Operational Research|
|Organisation||Rotterdam School of Management (RSM), Erasmus University|
Balk, B.M, & Zofio Prieto, J.L. (2020). Symmetric decompositions of cost variation. European Journal of Operational Research, 285, 1189–1198. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2020.02.034


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Morgan Creek Floodplain Restoration
The Morgan Creek floodplain restoration, completed in 2010, restored or preserved over 20 acres of floodplain wetland along 2,300 feet of Morgan Creek at the Mason Farm Biological Preserve. The project was constructed by NCDENR EEP (now NC Department of Environmental Quality Division of Mitigation Services). A berm had been constructed along the southern bank of Morgan Creek some time prior to 1950 to prevent flooding in farm fields, effectively preventing flows less than the 10-year event from accessing the floodplain. The project breached the berm in five locations to allow overbank conveyance into the floodplain two to three times per year. The project restored flood hydrology through the berm openings, restored groundwater hydrology in floodplain wetlands and reestablished native bottomland forest vegetation in the floodplain. The restored wetlands reduce flooding downstream and improve water quality in Jordan Lake by reducing sediment and nutrient loads.


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There are three FAI Rotorcraft Certificates of Proficiency: Bronze, Silver and Gold (see Sporting Code, Section 9, Chapter 7).
The levels of pilot experience achieved throughout the scheme are recognised by the award of the appropriate Certificate when the minimum requirements are met or exceeded. The form and the colour of the badges are valid internationally.
How to order a Certificate of Proficiency
Requirements for Certificates of Proficiency
The following licences are to be submitted and experience to be proved :
In addition one of the following requirements must be met:
In addition three of the following requirements must be met:
In addition four of the following requirements must be met:
The FAI keeps a list of the names of all pilots holding Certificates of Proficiency.


Mechanisms of stress assignment in Greek and English skilled reading
Kyparissiadis, Antonios (2018) Mechanisms of stress assignment in Greek and English skilled reading. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham.
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Assignment of lexical stress to the appropriate syllable is an integral part of reading polysyllabic words. The attention of reading research and computational modelling of reading has recently shifted from the monosyllabic to the polysyllabic domain, hence making more apparent the need to understand the stress assignment process. The great amount of cross-linguistic variability regarding the type and the amount of information that each language provides to its readers about stress position indicates that the stress assignment mechanism is not a uniform process among different languages. Research on the stress assignment mechanism investigates how diverse sources of information on stress position in each language interact with and shape the process of assigning stress to polysyllabic words. The main focus of this thesis was to enhance theoretical knowledge regarding stress assignment by collecting and analysing data in two languages with quite distinct linguistic characteristics regarding stress, namely, Greek and English.
The sources of information on stress position can be generally summarised in lexical contributions by access to the stored position of stress for each word in the mental representations, the explicit indication of stress position by orthographic stress marks, and language-dependent statistical regularities between orthography and/or phonology and stress position. In Greek, stress position is explicitly and consistently marked orthographically by means of a diacritic over the vowel of the stressed syllable but only in lower and not uppercase words. Hence, it provides an ideal platform for investigations with naturalistic manipulations of the availability of this information through manipulation of case. A default metrical bias to stress a specific syllable, the prefinal, has also been observed. With the utilisation of reading aloud and lexical decision experiments, it was investigated: 1) how the different sources of information interact with each other; 2) how the shift in reading strategies has an impact on this mechanism; and 3) within the framework of a computationally implemented theory of reading, what levels of representation stress is encoded at.
Experiments with Greek skilled readers in reading aloud showed that the stress assignment mechanism is directly dependent upon shifts of processing strategies in reading with lexical processing encouraging the extraction of stress position information directly from the lexicon. The default bias was also found to be active and dominant in the absence of other sources but also of relatively limited contributions when the other sources are present. Effects of case type of presentation were also disentangled from any potential effects from the availability of the diacritics. Case type was found to have an independent role in reading regardless whether this coincides with the presence of stress marks (in lowercase) or not (in uppercase). Experiments with skilled readers in visual word recognition showed evidence that stress is a multifaceted feature encoded in several levels of representation in the reading system, including as an independent unit processed at the letter level, stored in the phonological representations, and embedded in the orthographic representations of known words.
Additionally, statistical analyses of the statistical characteristics of Greek orthography, which eventually led to the development of a new psycholinguistic database (Kyparissiadis, van Heuven, Pitchford & Ledgeway, 2017), showed that, in similarity with other languages such as English, the orthographic patterns in the endings of Greek words can be associated with specific stress positions. It remains to be investigated whether such regularities have a behavioural dimension and inform the stress mechanism as an additional source of information on stress assignment. This has been shown in other languages that present similar regularities. Furthermore, it was shown that the default metrical bias, which has universally been accounted as the result of a statistical preponderance of stress on a specific syllable, does not present a uniform statistical dominance in Greek. The process of adding part-of-speech information to the database elucidated that not all grammatical categories are predominantly stressed on the default position. In contrast to other languages, in which readers have been shown to be sensitive to the shift of statistical regularities within different subsets of the language's battery, a lexical decision experiment in Greek showed uniform conformance of readers to the default bias even in a subset or words that does not present this statistical dominance. This raises questions regarding the origins of the default bias and warrants further investigations.
In English, in conjunction to lexical retrieval, stress assignment is argued to be heavily affected by associations between orthography and the stressed syllable. Investigations on the default metrical bias in English have given rise to inconsistent results. Direct comparison of the contributions of the default mechanism against lexical activations in stress assignment showed no evidence for a default pattern being active in English reading in the presence of lexical information. However, the shifting of stressing strategies induced by a subsequent implicit priming experiment suggests that stress assignment through lexical access can be still affected by sublexical processes. Computational simulations with a leading computational model of reading showed a heavier reliance of the model on lexical contributions rather than orthographic information when these two sources where contrasted against each other. However, the model showed sub-optimal performance when simulating the behavioural results of the first experiment in English reported above. The reasons behind this inefficiency of a model that is able to simulate a wide range of behavioural patterns are considered and discussed. Finally, results of simulations from a preliminary word recognition model in Greek are presented and future directions for these modelling investigations are discussed.
Overall, the results of this body of research indicate the stress assignment mechanism is multi-facetted and language-dependent. This has implications for universal models of written word recognition and reading aloud that future research will need to address.
Supervisors: Pitchford, Nicola J.
van Heuven, Walter J.B.
Timothy, Ledgeway
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Item ID: 50451
Depositing User: Kyparissiadis, Antonios
Date Deposited: 19 Jul 2018 04:40
Last Modified: 19 Jul 2020 04:30
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Cluster-in-Molecule Local Correlation Method with an Accurate Distant Pair Correction for Large Systems
datasetposted on 07.01.2021, 13:08 by Zhigang Ni, Yang Guo, Frank Neese, Wei Li, Shuhua Li
The cluster-in-molecule (CIM) local correlation approach with an accurate distant pair correlation energy correction is presented. For large systems, the inclusion of distant pair correlation energies is essential for the accurate prediction of absolute correlation energies and relative energies. Here, we propose a simple and efficient scheme for evaluating the distant pair correlation energy correction for the CIM approaches. The corrections can be readily extracted from electron correlation calculations of clusters with almost no additional effort. Benchmark calculations show that the improved CIM approach can recover more than 99.94% of the correlation energy calculated by the parent method. By combining the CIM approach with the domain-based local pair natural orbital (DLPNO) local correlation approach, we have provided accurate binding energies at the CIM-DLPNO-CCSD(T) level for a test set consisting of eight weakly bound complexes ranging in size from 200 to 1027 atoms. With these results as the reference data, the accuracy and applicability of other electron correlation methods and a few density functional methods for large systems have been assessed.


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Notes help you document important Bill information. Create new ones with the Add Note function in Bill History.
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