Home > Features > Rookidee, Corvisquire, Corviknight – Origin of Species
Rookidee, Corvisquire, Corviknight – Origin of Species
As with every region before it, Galar has a common bird Pokémon which is found on many routes. This evolutionary line does have a distinctive British theme which makes it well-suited as the design for the region.
Rookiee, the Tiny Bird Pokémon, has a somewhat unique typing of just Flying. Aside from Tornadus, no other Pokémon has had flying as its only type. Generally the common bird Pokémon of each region starts with the type pairing of Normal and Flying.
Its name, a combination of Rook and Chickadee, suggests it is based on the chickadee bird. Outside of North America it may also be known as a tit (not a link to anything nsfw) or a titmouse. From that genus it may in particular be based on the European blue tit, which live pretty much everywhere in Great Britain. Both share the same blue coloring, the yellow belly, and the black marks around its eyes.
The former part of its name, the rook, could be a reference to a different type of bird. A rook is a large bird in the raven family. It is also the weakest in the line, so 'rookie' plays in nicely, too. Finally, the rook is a castle-shaped chess piece which ties into the medieval theme found in its evolutions' names.
It will bravely challenge any opponent, no matter how powerful. This Pokémon benefits from every battle—even a defeat increases its strength a bit.
The Pokédex suggests it is an acrobatic Pokémon and fairly brave. Though the chickadee is a small bird, there have been observations of its intelligence in gathering food. At a time when milk was delivered, they were able to break the foil seal and drink the milk—Miltank farmers beware.
Corvisquire is fully based on a raven, with its name being a combination of corvidae and squire. Corvidae is the family name for birds which include crows, ravens, and rooks.
In particular it may be based around the hooded crow, as both share many of the same coloration patterns. It is also known as the grey crow in some sregions.
Smart enough to use tools in battle, these Pokémon have been seen picking up rocks and flinging them or using ropes to wrap up enemies.
The lessons of many harsh battles have taught it how to accurately judge an opponent's strength.
The Pokédex makes reference to its intelligence, which is a trait that distinguishes ravens from many other animals. Corvids have shown an ability to learn how to create and use simple tools to accomplish tasks. To get insects burrowed into trees, they can use sticks to poke the insects and lure them out. They have also been observed placing stones into a body of water to raise the water level through volume displacement.
The new caledonian crows have shown the most success in developing tools, which may have served as a secondary influence for this Pokémon.
The latter half of the Pokémon's name is a reference to knighthood in England. Knighthood was given to those, often young nobles, who proved their skill in battle. The career growth of a knight became fairly regular.
At an early age they served the role of a page, assisting those in the castle and knights with basic tasks of maintenance and cleaning. At the age of fifteen they became a squire, where they trained in combat and wore basic armor alongside their duties of aiding knights.
They could be knighted after winning a decisive victory, completing a quest, or other reasons. Knights were given the new title as part of a ceremony by royalty or a noble.
Corviknight is the Raven Pokémon. While it may at first glance appear to be a Dark-type, due to its black color scheme and bright red eyes, it actually has Steel as its secondary typing.
Aren't ravens and crows basically the same? Not at all. The Audubon Society has put together a useful guide to the differences. Ravens are often much larger, organize in pairs instead of larger murders (murders here meaning a collection of crows). Ravens will make a low-pitched croak instead of a caw.
Similarly, Murkrow and Corviknight are also different. Looking at the two Pokémon side-by-side, you can very quickly see that there are size differences, and Corviknight looks more intimidating.
Looking closer at its design, it seems to resemble a knight in its overall design. As we can see in the screenshot below, its body seems to be slightly metallic, with its eyes peaking outside of its helmet-like head. This knight aesthetic could explain its Steel typing.
The association between knights and ravens is not unheard of in the folklore of England and neighboring countries. It makes sense, as knights were a big part of medieval culture, and ravens are also very common birds in that region. Bulbapedia suggests its design is based on the western jackdaw. It also suggests an allusion to the Black Knight, although it lacks the evil connotations.
Ravens are also a part of English folklore. There are six ravens kept in the Tower of London. A legend suggests that the tower and the nation would fall if the ravens left. This could be pretty interesting to dive into further, if there were legendary Pokémon based on ravens which lived in a tall tower.
While this doesn't come up in the game, as Corviknight is not a legendary Pokémon, this legend is directly referenced by one of the trainers on Route 10.
Another interesting piece of folklore, from Danish culture, is the valravn. These are mythical ravens which come into their form through ravens who eat the body of the dead on the battlefield. If a valravn eats the whole heart of a child, they will have the power to transform into the form of a knight. It's also said that if they eat the heart of a king, they will gain "human knowledge", act as a bad influence, and gain superhuman strength.
This Pokémon reigns supreme in the skies of the Galar region. The black luster of its steel body could drive terror into the heart of any foe.
So this could be the Pokémon equivalent of a valravn, with its half-bird, half-knight form. Valravn are also said to be able to transform into wolves, but that seems to be an alternative interpretation.
Vilderavn artwork from Pathfinder
As a quick aside, Valravn also appear in the tabletop RPG Pathfinder under the name Vilderavn. They appear in the fifth bestiary as a type of monster that players could encounter. Looking at the Pathfinder art for the creature, you can see that there's definitely a resemblance.
There was a Hungarian king in the 1400s, Matthias Corvinus, who is referred to as the "raven king". However, that is probably unrelated to Corviknight.
Corviknight plays a key role in the Galarian economy by allowing one to fast travel to various cities and locations in the region through a flying taxi. However this seems to be a specific skill that they need to be trained to learn, as one's own Corviknight is unable to do that.
Gigantamax Corviknight
In Corviknight's Gigantamax form, its wingspan grows dramatically and it starts to glow a reddish hue. Its glowing feathers appear to be detachable and used for attacks similar to throwing daggers or stars.
Imbued with Gigantamax energy, its wings can whip up winds more forceful than any a hurricane could muster. The gusts blow everything away.
The eight feathers on its back are called blade birds, and they can launch off its body to attack foes independently.
Ravens are a common bird in Great Britain, part of the kingdom's history, mythos, and environment. As such it is the perfect basis for the region's primary bird Pokémon.
Were there any raven folk stories I missed? Let me know in the comments below! Or hop on our Discord server to have more Sword & Shield discussions!


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Enhancing Coin Image Retrieval with CLIP
Project description
Coin-CLIP 🪙 : Enhancing Coin Image Retrieval with CLIP
[中文] | [English]
Coin-CLIP breezedeus/coin-clip-vit-base-patch32 is built upon OpenAI's CLIP (ViT-B/32) model and fine-tuned on a dataset of more than 340,000 coin images using contrastive learning techniques. This specialized model is designed to significantly improve feature extraction for coin images, leading to more accurate image-based search capabilities. Coin-CLIP combines the power of Visual Transformer (ViT) with CLIP's multimodal learning capabilities, specifically tailored for the numismatic domain.
Key Features:
 - State-of-the-art coin image retrieval;
 - Enhanced feature extraction for numismatic images;
 - Seamless integration with CLIP's multimodal learning.
To further simplify the use of the Coin-CLIP model, this project provides tools for quickly building a coin image retrieval engine.
Comparison: Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
Example 1 (Left: Coin-CLIP; Right: CLIP)
1. Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
Example 2 (Left: Coin-CLIP; Right: CLIP)
2. Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
More Examples
more
Example 3 (Left: Coin-CLIP; Right: CLIP) 3. Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
Example 4 (Left: Coin-CLIP; Right: CLIP) 4. Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
Example 5 (Left: Coin-CLIP; Right: CLIP) 5. Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
Example 6 (Left: Coin-CLIP; Right: CLIP) 6. Coin-CLIP vs. CLIP
Install
pip install coin_clip
Usage
Code Examples
Extract Feature Vectors from Coin Images
from coin_clip import CoinClip
# Automatically download the model from Huggingface
model = CoinClip(model_name='breezedeus/coin-clip-vit-base-patch32')
images = ['examples/10_back.jpg', 'examples/16_back.jpg']
img_feats, success_ids = model.get_image_features(images)
print(img_feats.shape) # --> (2, 512)
⚠ Note:
The above code automatically downloads the breezedeus/coin-clip-vit-base-patch32 model from Huggingface. If you cannot download automatically, please manually download the model locally, and then initialize CoinClip by specifying the local directory of the model through the model_name parameter, like model_name='path/to/coin-clip-vit-base-patch32'.
Command line tools
Building a Vector Retrieval Engine
coin-clip build-db can be used to build a vector search engine. It extracts features from all coin images 🪙 in a specified directory and builds a ChromaDB vector search engine.
$ coin-clip build-db -h
Usage: coin-clip build-db [OPTIONS]
 Extract vectors from a candidate image set and build a search engine based
 on it.
Options:
 -m, --model-name TEXT Model Name; either local path or huggingface
 model name [default: breezedeus/coin-clip-vit-
 base-patch32]
 -d, --device TEXT ['cpu', 'cuda']; Either 'cpu' or 'gpu', or
 specify a specific GPU like 'cuda:0'. Default is
 'cpu'. [default: cpu]
 -i, --input-image-dir TEXT Folder with Coin Images to be indexed. [required]
 -o, --output-db-dir TEXT Folder where the built search engine is stored.
 [default: ./coin_clip_chroma.db]
 -h, --help Show this message and exit.
For instance,
$ coin-clip build-db -i examples -o coin_clip_chroma.db
Querying
After building the vector search engine with the above command, you can use the coin-clip retrieve command to retrieve the coin images 🪙 most similar to a specified coin image.
$ coin-clip retrieve -h
Usage: coin-clip retrieve [OPTIONS]
 Retrieve images from the search engine, based on the query image.
Options:
 -m, --model-name TEXT Model Name; either local path or huggingface model
 name [default: breezedeus/coin-clip-vit-base-
 patch32]
 -d, --device TEXT ['cpu', 'cuda']; Either 'cpu' or 'gpu', or specify a
 specific GPU like 'cuda:0'. Default is 'cpu'.
 [default: cpu]
 --db-dir TEXT Folder where the built search engine is stored.
 [default: ./coin_clip_chroma.db]
 -i, --image-fp TEXT Image Path to retrieve [required]
 -h, --help Show this message and exit.
For instance,
$ coin-clip retrieve --db-dir coin_clip_chroma.db -i examples/10_back.jpg
Project details
Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
This version
0.1
Download files
Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.
Source Distribution
coin_clip-0.1.tar.gz (12.6 kB view hashes)
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Extending the web to your telephone
Dan Connolly of the W3C has created telagent, an HTTP agent for placing and receiving telephone calls.
The basic idea is that a web browser should handle tel: URLs a bit like mailto:, open up a dialer and offer to call a number. Connolly's solution also works the other way: recording the caller-ID of callers and giving you the option to answer or dial back with a single mouseclick.
The agent, a Python script controlling a modem, works like a web server. HTTP GET and POST requests control its operation. The idea being that you can set your browser up to proxy tel: URLs to this mini-web server. One of the main problems experienced by Connolly has been getting the Netscape web browser to properly proxy though, although he has created a workaround.
For those interested in playing around further with the concept of connecting more communication schemes into the Web, read some of Connolly's draft notes on Real-Time Resources in the Web: IRC, Telephone, Instant Messaging.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Sight Reading Factory is a fantastic resource to use at home, especially during a potential period of online learning. My school closed on Tuesday and now we are entering day 3 of uncharted territory!
When distance learning becomes necessary, Sight Reading Factory can be super effective. What could be even better than using Sight Reading Factory? USING SIGHT READING FACTORY BEING FREE!
Here is the message send from the co-founders of Sight Reading Factory:
If you're looking for a remote eLearning solution for your music classes while schools in your district are closed due to the COVID-19 virus, Sight Reading Factory is offering free student accounts during the time your school is closed.
If you're not familiar with SightReadingFactory.com, we are a cloud-based application for practicing sight reading. With the assignments feature, students can record themselves performing a teacher-configured sight reading exercise directly through our online platform. Students can then submit their recording to the teacher for grading. SRF works on virtually any modern device – smartphones, tablets, laptops, Chromebooks, etc. With SRF student accounts, teachers can organize students into classes/groups and can also view reports on their students to monitor their usage and track progress.
Our unique composition engine allows you to customize and configure sight reading exactly to the needs of your students and generate a virtually unlimited supply of unique sight reading exercises. Click here to try out a free demo and generate some sight reading exercises.
Check out this page for more information on SRF student accounts and the assignments feature.
If your school will be closed due to the COVID-19 virus and you'd like to take advantage of this offer of free student accounts during the time your school is closed, please write to us at _EMAIL_.
How to Use Sight Reading Factory for distance learning!
Before doing anything I list below, just go to their website and try the demo on their home page; you do not need to give an email or fill anything out. Once you see how easy and effective the program is, you will be sold on the plan below!
This plan will work for you and your students:
- Contact Sight Reading Factory at: _EMAIL_. They will provide you with one code to disseminate to your choir
- Log onto Sight Reading Factory as a teacher and create a class. Just click on CLASS and then create a NEW class. You can create as many classes as you want. I suggest keeping this simple. Perhaps you could have a beginner and advanced class, and have your students self-select into the appropriate class; you could create a class for each chorus that you have.
- Create an assignment(s) – and select a due date. Next, they ask for a key signature, time signature, length (number of measures), tempo, and a few other/less important things. The bottom line is that the options are restrictive enough that you won't get confused. Create as many assignments as you'd like. Each assignment will meet your specific parameters but each student will receive different assignments. It takes well under one minute to create an assignment. The best part about this is that you can just "duplicate" the same assignment over and over again; since every example is brand new, students will receive a different assignment every time, even if your parameters remain exactly the same!
- Send the code out to your students and they can instantly join the class(es) you've set up. They will see the assignments when they join your class!
The purpose of your assignments
Assignments can be as simple or challenging as you wish. I suggest keeping them simple as the goal is to keep our singers positive and engaged through this difficult time.
How assignments work:
Students will click on an assignment and have endless tries before submitting their take to us. (Students can sing directly into any computer mic.) They can even hear the correct notes played alongside their recorded performance. This means, they will have a clear sense of how they did before submitting. While students cannot redo any exercise, they can try over and over again; when they try again, a new exercise will be generate that meets the exact same parameters.
When they submit an assignment, we will know how many times they tried to complete the assignment (how many different assignments they attempted).
How to Grade in this Current Climate:
Our goal is to motivate our students and keep them involved. I would suggest grading on a simple scale. 4 = outstanding, 3 = excellent, 2 = fair (passing), 1 = needs improvement.
Since our students are at different levels, we want to encourage all students to be successful. A score of a "1" is for a student who doesn't submit an assignment or makes little effort. I would recommend a passing score of "2" for any student who makes an effort. A score of "4" is for students who excelled on the exercise and a "3" is for hardworking students who make a serious effort with a decent result or talented sight-singers who don't make the effort to refine their effort.
If put into a 10 point scoring system, it could look like this:
- 10 = outstanding
- 9 = excellent
- 8 = fair
- 5 = needs improvement
One more GREAT Sight-Reading Factory Idea!
This is not only another effective idea, but it is an alternative for students who do not have the same access to a modern computer/chromebook/mic. All they need is access to email and a printer.
On Sight Reading Factory, create an 8-measure exercise that meets your parameters (for example, 4/4 time, key of D major, notes/rests no faster than 1/8 note, range of an octave), and make a PDF of each exercise.
From there, send the PDF assignments out to your students and ask them to label the pitches below the notes (d, r, m, f, etc) and the rhythms above the note (1+2+3+4+). If you have google classroom or another method of submission, have them submit it to you. You can always send a sample 8-measure exercise with an answer key for all students in order to ensure they understand the concept.
We are living in a scary and confusing time right now. Health comes first. We must take care of ourselves, our families, and our community.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Conditions of Use
· What did you observe when the salt and water were combined?
· How did the water and the salt change when they were combined in the cup?
· How did measurement help you describe the changes?
· The salt went to the bottom of the cup until you stirred it, then it dissolved. If you put enough salt in it either took a while to dissolve or it didn't dissolve at all.
· The salt made the water slightly foggy until it settled down or got stirred up. The salt "disappeared" or dissolved when stirred enough.
· Measurement helped by telling if the water weighed more or the water level went up.
Article posted January 22, 2009 at 02:00 PM •
comment • Reads 779
see all articles

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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21 March 2022
Will Internal 3D Rendering Help Space Planning in Retail Stores?
High stakes and fierce competition in the retail industry make it the proverbial 'dog eat Pedigreed dog' world. Retail stores and the spaces they showcase have long been influential in merchandise sales and customer satisfaction, making it imperative to utilise space optimally for an attractive store layout. Photorealistic, carefully crafted 3D internal rendering accurately represents the interior of a retail space before construction commences.
The benefits and application of retail space planning is continuously evolving. Attractive store displays attract customers, enticing them to experience the merchandise and subtly encouraging them to buy. To accentuate and emphasise the merchandise, retailers need to use retail space wisely.
What are the benefits of space planning?
When retail space planning is carefully carried out, it leads to the following benefits:
- Displays will attract more customers.
- Stockouts and operational costs can be minimised.
- Inventory productivity improves.
- Financial performance and profits are increased.
- Retailers can drive top line sales.
- Overall returns on investments improve.
Traditional space planning process is also dependent on the needs of local customers. Other factors include maintaining the same brand features of chain stores while trying to create a unique identity for each store. Store-specific plans can be created when enough data has been collected.
Using Space Allocation Tools
It is possible today to use space allocation tools to determine effective locations for merchandise, lighting and other fixtures. By analysing product placement, usage and performance, merchandise can be placed in strategic locations. Retail space planning can be helped by:
- Using CAD drawings with precise dimensions to view exact floor plans
- Assigning the appropriate square footage for each product
- Preparing detailed planograms to find the right balance of available space and merchandise
- Considering detailed fixture and component dimensions
- Showcasing the retail space in an internal 3D rendered image
It is essential to get an accurate idea of a design or layout for retail applications to be successful.
How does 3D internal rendering help?
- Retailers can test designs before construction begins, saving time and money.
- Designers can see how and what makes the best use of the retail space.
- Furniture and amenities can be viewed in lifelike lighting, to get the best idea of what the plans will look like.
- Architectural rendering can help streamline work across multiple stakeholders while maintaining project vision.
- 3D renderings provide a realistic sense of place and energy.
- Interior renderings allow designers to convey different ideas accurately.
- Clients will have a clear understanding of what to expect.
- Interior renderings ensure that escape routes, fire safety elements (fire escapes and like) and location of staff rooms and storage space can be clearly recognised.
- Potential security vulnerabilities are easier to determine when viewing a building as it will appear in real life.
Maximising Wall Space
One of the ways to effectively design retail space involves optimising wall space, regardless of the floor plan. Limited wall spaces can be maximised using gridwalls, twin slot shelving and slatwalls.
- Gridwall panels are used to create corner displays and displays against a flat wall with shelves, baskets, hooks, etc.
- They can be used as freestanding displays with a gondola stand or legs.
- The industrial look of the mesh panels are used effectively in fashion stores and DIY stores.
Twin Slot Systems
- Panels called uprights are positioned next to each other on walls and accessories can be slotted on them.
- They have a minimalist appearance and are used in fashion clothing stores, boutiques and homeware stores.
- Shelves and back bars slot easily in and out of uprights without any additional fixing, making them easy to install and update.
- Slatwall panels are of various sizes and colours, helping designers match them to the store's design.
- They are useful for displaying bulky merchandise vertically.
- Slatwall accessories slot into grooved panels and are easy to remove.
- They're great used to display accessories and shoes.
These elements can be viewed, modified and improved by viewing them accurately represented, with the correct textures and dimensions, in internal 3D rendered images. Retail design companies can provide high-quality computer-generated images (CGI), retail design drawings, retail BIM modelling, 3D visualisation and other 3D rendering services to help space planning in retail stores.
XS CAD has valuable experience providing 3D visualisation and 3D rendering services for large global retailers and retail store design companies. Our range of services include retail space planning, retail design drawings, 3D rendered images, retail BIM modelling and computer-generated images (CGI). We have proven to be a preferred 3D rendering services provider, due to the high quality of our 3D modelling and 3D walk-throughs, created by using Revit, 3ds Max, V-Ray, Adobe Photoshop and After Effects, Illustrator and BIM Collaboration Pro for cloud collaboration.


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Hairy, Scary, Ordinary: What Is an Adjective?
Simple, rhyming text and colorful cartoon cats help children expand their vocabularies and gain an appreciation for the rhythm of language in this lighthearted book of rhyming verse. Adjectives like frilly, silly, polka-dotted, fizzy, and spunky are printed in color, and all the words will tickle you pink!
What people are saying - Write a review
Review: Hairy, Scary, Ordinary: What Is an Adjective? (Words are CATegorical)User Review - Gracie Larcher - Goodreads
Personal Reaction: I thought Hairy, Scary, Ordinary: What is An Adjective? was an absolutely wonderful book. It was full of fun and bright illustrations, as well as lots of rhyming and at the same... Read full review
Review: Hairy, Scary, Ordinary: What Is an Adjective? (Words are CATegorical)User Review - Brittany Dalziel - Goodreads
Personal Reaction: This book is a really great way for young children to begin to learn what adjectives are. I liked how the color of the words are black throughout the sotry except for whenever an... Read full review


What to Do When You Get the Error 60008 on Your Mac
Error Icon Text On Laptop
Quick Fix
Download and try Outbyte MacAries right now to see what it can do for your Mac.
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Installing an app on macOS is a pretty easy and straightforward process. You just need to download the installer package, usually with a .dmg extension, and drag it to the Applications folder. macOS will automatically install the app and you should be able to use it without a hitch. This is the same for all apps, whether it's a game, a messaging app, a photo-editing tool, or a multimedia player app.
However, it is possible to encounter errors during the installation process. These errors stem from various reasons, but the results are the same — installation failure. One of the not-so-common errors you might come across when installing an app is the error 60008.
Several users, regardless of the macOS version they are using, reported being plagued by the error 60008 in Mac when installing new software, even if they are following the proper procedure for the installation. Because of this error, they are unable to install the app that they want on their computer. This also happens to system and app updates that need to be installed.
The error 60008 on Mac is a complicated error that prevents users from installing new software or app on their computers. This error is not as difficult to deal with as it seems if you only understand what the error is and how it came about. This guide will discuss what this error is all about, why you're getting the error 60008 in Mac when installing software, and how to resolve this issue.
Pro Tip: Scan your Mac for performance issues, junk files, harmful apps, and security threats
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What Is the Mac Error 60008?
The first thing you need to do when you encounter an error is to find out what the error code means. The error 60008 on Mac is an internal error that has something to do with permissions or authentication. It is either the user does not have enough permission to read or write the file or some components of the file are inaccessible to the user. Because of this, the process returns a 60008 error.
This error does not only occur during the installation process. It can happen anytime you need to access certain files on your Mac, such as deleting folders, moving files to the Trash, uninstalling apps, and others.
The error code 60008 is usually associated with any of the following messages, depending on the process that triggered the error:
 - The operation can't be completed because an unexpected error occurred (error code -60008).
 - An unrecognized internal error occurred.
 - Reading from keychain failed with error: 'Unable to obtain authorization for this operation (OSStatus -60008).
 - Failed to launch (path to the app you want to run), error -60008.
This error can be caused by a wide range of factors, including corrupted files, authentication errors, insufficient permissions, conflicting files, or malware infection. The trick to dealing with this error is to find the exact file that is causing the error. Once you found the problematic file, you can then proceed with the troubleshooting process.
How to Fix Error 60008
The key to fixing this error is to figure out which file is causing the error and why. If you are installing an app, you might need to re-download the installer package to make sure the installer is complete and not corrupted. If the app is not available on the Mac App Store or if you're downloading from a third-party app repository, go to the official developer's website to download the official copy of the installer.
Once you have downloaded a legitimate copy of the installer package, right-click on the .dmg file and choose Get Info. This is to check if you have enough permissions to edit the file. Under Sharing and Permissions, make sure you have the Read & Write privileges.Sharing and Permissions
If the privilege is set to Read only, you will certainly run into errors, such as 60008. While you're at it, make sure also that the Locked option is not ticked off. If it is, uncheck that option.
Cleaning up your system should also be on your regular maintenance to-do list. Old download files, cache, and junk files can accumulate over time and cause havoc on your computer. Instead of manually deleting files, you can use a Mac cleaner, such as Mac repair app, to clean everything in one go. This also helps you free up storage and optimize your system processes along the way.
If the above steps don't work, it's time to bring out the big guns to deal with this error 60008. Let's look at the following solutions:
Solution #1: Perform a Disk Check.
The error 60008 on Mac can be caused by a bad sector on your hard drive. To determine the health of your hard drive, you need to run a disk check using the built-in tool, Disk Utility. The Disk Utility is a tool that comes with every macOS version designed to scan and fix hard drive problems. This utility can also fix bad sectors, lost clusters, cross-linked files, and directory errors.
To perform a disk check on your Mac, follow the instructions below:
 1. Launch Disk Utility by searching for it using Spotlight or by navigating to Finder > Go > Utilities > Disk Utility.
 2. Once the window opens, you'll see a list of available drives on the left. Click the drive you want to check. If you can't find the hard drive you want to check, click View > Show Devices from the top menu.
 3. Highlight the disk you want to check, then click the First Aid button.Disk Utility
 4. Click Run > Continue.
 5. Wait for the scan to finish. Disk Utility will automatically repair any problem detected.
 6. After the process has been completed, click Show Details to know more information about the repairs.
Close the tool and restart your Mac. Next, try installing the app you were having trouble with before to see if the error has gone away.
Solution #2: Delete the Contents of the ByHost Folder.
According to some user reports, deleting the content of the ByHost folder under Preferences can help resolve the error 60008. This is because some of the previous preferences set up by the host can interfere with your files.
To access the ByHost folder, follow the steps here:
 1. Open a Finder folder and click your Mac's hard drive.
 2. Click the Users folder, then choose your user folder (the one with your name on it).
 3. Click on Library, which should be partially transparent.
 4. Click Preferences > ByHost.
 5. Delete all the files inside the ByHost folder and empty your Trash.
 6. Restart your Mac.Mac ByHost
Some users are afraid of deleting the files inside the ByHost folder because they are not sure of what will happen afterward. You don't have to worry because the files inside are mostly preferences files, which will be generated again when the app is in use. After deleting the ByHost files, try to install the app and see whether the error 60008 has been resolved.
Solution #3: Reinstall Your macOS.
If the problem does not go away after doing the above solutions, you can try reinstalling a fresh copy of your macOS as a last resort. This option usually resolves common problems with macOS and gives you a fresh start. To do this:
 1. Restart your Mac and boot into macOS Recovery by pressing Command + R, Option + Command + R, or Shift + Option + Command + R.
 2. Release the buttons when you see the Apple logo or the spinning globe.
 3. Type in your firmware password when asked.
 4. Click Reinstall macOS from the Utilities window, then click Continue.
 5. Select the drive you want to install macOS on, then follow the on-screen instructions for the installation.
The installation process might take some time, but it will hopefully resolve any errors you might be experiencing.
Summary
The error 60008 is not a critical macOS issue and it does not affect the running of the system as a whole. However, it can be annoying not being able to install the app that you need or not being able to delete your old files because of this error. Fortunately, error 60008 is easy to resolve. Just make sure to follow the guide above to fix error 60008 on Mac and to prevent similar internal errors from happening again.
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by Nan Cohen | Contributing Writer
Sandra McPherson's first published poems appeared in Poetry Northwest in the Autumn, 1965, issue, edited by Carolyn Kizer. Since then, she has moved from Seattle, where she studied with Elizabeth Bishop and David Wagoner, to Portland, Oregon, and then to northern California, where she taught creative writing and literature at the University of California, Davis, from 1985 until her retirement. Her books include The Year of Our Birth, The Spaces Between Birds: Mother-Daughter Poems, and The 5150 Poems. Her honors and awards include fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Guggenheim Foundation, and her work was also featured in the Bill Moyers PBS series The Language of Life. In 1999, she founded Swan Scythe Press, which still publishes poetry chapbooks. Her twenty-second full-length collection of poems, Speech Crush, was published in late 2022 in the California Poets Series of Gunpowder Press in Santa Barbara. She lives in Davis, California.
This interview was conducted over e-mail in January and February 2023.
Nan Cohen (NC): I'd love to start by asking you about the cover image of Speech Crush, Katherine Ace's painting Cinderella with Shoes. What's the story behind the pairing of this painting with this book?
Sandra McPherson (SM): I'd love to talk about Kat Ace.
Around 2012, when I was suffering the beginnings of an old-fashioned "nervous breakdown," Kat came through town and gave me a red suede-bound blank book. I used to keep journals regularly. I tied her notebook to my iron headboard so it wouldn't fall off. I wrote brief jottings in it—speech that seemed hard for me at the time. It was no longer full confessional paragraphs; just brevities. A few years later they formed the first section of The 5150 Poems, which I had no publisher for until 2022. When Nine Mile accepted the finished manuscript, we chose Sharon Bronzan's image of a woman balancing atop a tiger for the cover art. Sharon is a best friend of Kat's. And Sharon has been my friend since before we were born, since her dad was San José State's football coach and my dad was the basketball coach. Our dads played on the San José Spartans football team together in the Thirties.
I had long wanted book covers by both Sharon and Kat. If you look at Kat's website, you'll find a wealth of intriguing women and objects. This painting was the best compositionally to house the book title and my name. I love its warm colors and Chryss Yost's design—clean, clear. There's a poem called "Cinderella" in the beginning of the collection. The version in Speech Crush is slightly revised from the first time I used it in a book. Women of my generation no doubt identify with Cinderella; girls of today probably will have other movie and cartoon heroines. I don't know the current mythology so I can't guess how different their heroines will be from our Cinderellas!
NC: I strongly associate the woman in Cinderella with Shoes with not only the version of Cinderella in the poem, but also the speaker of many of these poems. With her steady gaze, her half-in-shadow face, and the array of objects before her, she seems to be presiding thoughtfully over a kind of arranged chaos. In this book, you have continued to write about the experience of breakdown, hospitalization, and recovery—you've even republished some of the individual pieces in The 5150 Poems. Can you tell us more about how the people identified as fellow patients came to mingle with the other important people you invite into this book—your parents, brother, daughter, your birth mother and father, friends, poets? One very specific question might be: why do you begin the book with "For Cindy, Who Cut Her Own Throat: Sutter Psych Hospital"?
SM: My fellow patients in 5150 were the key to regaining my health; I felt love, concern, for them—I felt familial with them. As I cared for them, my self-care grew. Thus, I could begin Speech Crush with Cindy and her harrowing self-harm and recovery; and I could follow Cindy with Eleanor Pavlich, my dear mother-in-law; and thirdly, Cinderella, the beautiful young woman who we all were at one time—the myth of us. Three short lyrics with women and our precious props.
"The Senses," which comes next, tells a Gothic story of growing up on Poe and kissing a startled woman-friend on the mouth. Associations with other women follow, as I "act my age"—that is, O-L-D.
I began with Cindy, by the way, to be brave. To shock. Not to back off of the drama and trauma subsequent poems deal with.
NC: The poems in Speech Crush seem to turn both inward and outward. They grapple with both recent and past experience and often feel very interior, yet they also strive to connect with readers—those who have long followed your work and those who are new to it. The poem "New Friend," for example, reflects both the pleasure of making a new friend and the complexity of opening up a long and complex life to someone who has just arrived in it! What do you hope your new readers will find in this book?
SM: "After Trauma" is a poem that seemed to mean something to readers when I posted it on Facebook after Ploughshares first published it. I'm wishing for that kind of thing—readers to connect—and why? And what does the poem offer them that no other poem has, maybe? It was very important for me to write it—and not for the reasons that may be obvious: I had actually had a traumatic experience not addressed by the poem. So I went "sideways."
When I was young, there were anthologists my age who would select my poems to include—that was really helpful. Now, the anthologists are the young generation and probably do not read my books—I don't know. Sandy McClatchy died; David Young retired; Oregon anthologists did both; etc. But my work in Speech Crush should be highly anthologize-able! I'm just really curious to know how Speech Crush reaches other lives, especially women's, and aging imaginations.
NC: "After Trauma" reminds me that I wanted to bring up that, as well as being richly populated by people, this book is also a book of things—their strange persistence (as in "For Eleanor"), their loss, their lingering in memory. The cranberries, blackberries, blueberries in "After Trauma" feel so real, somehow. Their splashes of familiar color, their associations. They are a safe topic, in a way, but the poem also acknowledges that nothing is a safe topic, really. Cranberries grow in bogs, blackberries in brambles, blueberries in bushes—the "low mist" you hid in seems to seep all through the poem. Just such a beautiful evocation of the power of the past churning the present, and the present pushing ahead . . . I'm just musing here, maybe no real question yet. But something about the power of objects. The orange Nehi soda in "Birth Mother," casting its long-ago shadow, the way you know the orange of it though the photo is black and white! Love that.
SM: That's interesting! I wonder how many ways there are of people being with Things, or the opposite, revoking Things. I make a joke at the end of the poem where the FBI agents come visit me—do their wives collect anything the way I collect art? Walter [Pavlich] and I were in the antiques business just for fun, the way many people were once eBay came into being, to educate ourselves on history. My book A Visit to Civilization embraces the study of some of the objects that came our way.
NC: On the subject of ways of being with Things, or revoking Things—you mentioned wanting to know how Speech Crush "reaches other lives, especially women's, and aging imaginations." For me, I feel a very strong connection to the way objects evoke memories—it happens a lot in the poems, and it also feels like a subject of interest to the poems. Perhaps related to this, I'm also interested in that last phrase, "aging imaginations," and what it means to you.
SM: Things: I recall being taught Neruda's declaration that he loves "impure" poetry, full of Things. You might hunt for that page or so. [NC: Here it is.] And later I came to love Francis Ponge, his great poems about Things.
"Aging imaginations" . . . that sounds like a good koan for me to go to bed and meditate on. I think I've barely begun to learn about it. Just want to make sure that as our imaginations "age" I'm not suggesting deterioration—more like evolution. Section IV of the book starts with the 17-year-old and ends with "There is always more to solve." These poems are my age, so to speak: "Spill," "Pointed Question," the elegies for friends, the trees of "Faith" keeping their promises. And, explicitly, "Last Conversations." Immersion. Continuation.
Don't you think we wish we could see what Plath and Sexton would have lived to


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Duijff, P. and Kuip van der, F.J. (2011) Morfeemfinale r-deleesje yn bûgingen, ôfliedingen en gearsettingen. Us Wurk. Tydskrift foar frisistyk, 60, 44-59. ISSN 0042-1235.
|PDF - Published Version |
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
Official URL: _URL_
In all Germanic languages, weakening or even deletion of r is possible. In Frisian, r-deletion before consonants is even rather common. Since about 1900, r-deletion in Frisian has often been discussed in linguistic literature, but a complete picture of this phenomenon is still lacking. The aim of this article is to present a complete description of r-deletion in Frisian at the end of morphemes in derivations as well as in compounds. Taking as point of departure our own pronunciation of Frisian, we will describe the realisation of r in different linguistic environments: before inflectional and derivational suffixes, at the end of prefixes and at the end of the first part of compounds. Every individual realisation will be compared with those given in relevant linguistic literature. We will conclude with a sketch of a pattern of r-deletion, which turns out to be obligatory if there is no syllable boundary after r and optional before a syllable boundary. Moreover, r-deletion is more predictable after a long vowel than after a short one. The exceptions to the rule will be discussed at the end of the conclusion.
|Deposited On:||08 Sep 2011 02:00|
|Last Modified:||10 Jan 2012 11:37|
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text:
We have updated our Information Statement on Food Authenticity. It has been split into two parts:
- Food authenticity testing part 1: The role of analysis
- Food authenticity testing part 2: Analytical techniques
Food authenticity testing part 1: The role of analysis covers the role of analytical testing within the context of an overall supply chain assurance strategy. It describes where testing can and cannot be used, and highlights generic issues relating to interpreting food authenticity testing results.
Food authenticity testing part 2: Analytical techniques describes the principles, different configurations, applications, strengths and limitations of some of the more common analytical techniques used in food authenticity testing:
- Mass spectrometry
- Stable isotope mass spectrometry
- DNA analysis
- Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
IFST's Information Statements summarise the authoritative and impartial science behind key food science issues. They are peer-reviewed by IFST's Scientific Committee.


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Hello math experts, thanks for giving me the opportunity to post here.
My maths education is limited to a 16 yr old's so your help is much appreciated.
In my attachment, I have measured A, B and C in 112 different subjects. Using these measurements, I hope to come up with an approximate index that can be used to compare between subjects.
To approximate the arc length, I am going to average A and B. C will be the chord length of that curve. My question is: how can I measure the central angle of that curve given these values? It does not have to be exact, just an estimation that can be used to subjectively describe if one subject is more curved than the other.
In fact, it doesn't even have to be the central angle. Just a discrete value of some sort. Even something as simple as a ratio?
Please help! Thank you.


text: Accurate prediction of urban floods is regarded as one of the critical means to prevent urban floods and reduce the losses caused by floods. However, due to the uncertainty and complexity of urban floods and waterlogging, it is very difficult to use simulation models to quickly and accurately predict and warn of urban floods. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods to support the rapid and accurate prediction of urban floods and waterlogging. In this study, a refined prediction and early warning method for urban flood and waterlogging processes based on deep learning methods is proposed from three aspects: research feasibility, method applicability, and method system. The spatial autocorrelation of rain and ponding points is analyzed by Moran's I. For each ponding point, the relationship model between the rainfall process and ponding process is constructed based on different deep learning methods, and the results are analyzed and verified by a statistical evaluation method. The results show that the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm has the highest accuracy and efficiency (with a root mean square error of 0.001) for ponding process prediction and is regarded as the most suitable method for ponding process prediction. Finally, the real-time prediction and early warning of urban floods and waterlogging processes driven by rainfall forecast data are realized, and the results are verified by the measured data. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis show that the rainfall peak and location coefficient have the greatest impact on ponding.


text:
ANN ARBOR, MICH. - The United Association of Plumbers and Pipe Fitters (UA), North America, and the Plumbing Trades Employees Union (PTEU), Australia, signed an affiliation agreement today for joint skills training and employment initiatives in the United States, Canada and Australia. A first between two unions, the agreement seeks to help streamline the building industry, reduce the shortage of skilled workers and provide unprecedented efforts to tackle the global problem of climate change.
"Emerging technologies and building standards promise to have a significant impact on the efficient delivery of energy and water. It is essential that we share best practices and training as systems, products and technologies begin to standardize globally," said UA General President William P. Hite. "The UA will initially share its expertise in heavy industry as Australia embarks on expansion of oil and gas refining, and power generation projects. Our experience in training workers for certification in welding, instrumentation installation and calibration is highly valued by our industry."
PTEU Federal Secretary Earl Setches offered his own union's expertise, saying "Australian expertise in water conservation will serve North America as it seeks to address its aging water and sewer infrastructure, and retrofit its existing building stock. We have vast knowledge of irrigation systems, rain water harvesting, and water treatment and recycling." Australians, including PTEU members, have embarked on a campaign to retrofit 1,200 existing buildings in the City of Melbourne and its municipality. They recently celebrated the award of the U.S. Green Building Council's highest LEED® rating in the world for the Grocon Pixel Building, Melbourne.
Both organizations see an immediate need to share best practices on biofuels, geothermal and trigeneration, which is a power-heat-refrigeration combined system that recycles waste heat and water for other uses. "There is tremendous job growth potential now for building and water infrastructure improvement, as well as alternate and traditional forms of energy generation," said Hite.
An Australian contractor sees benefit in the agreement: this is a first step in skilled workers traveling within the trade. "We think as a global company. We need qualified workers now in some of our mining projects," said Axis Plumbing Group Managing Director Clem Morfuni. Experts in grey water, black water recycling, and solar hot water, Axis also operates in New Zealand, United Kingdom and Thailand. "This is a first step in contractors coming together, too. I want to learn about building innovations and how the market works in North America. I'm hoping American contractors will want to know more about our Green Star building design and construction."
"This agreement will help us meet the needs of building owners. As an industry our contractors recognize that their competitive position and ability to exceed their clients' expectations rests largely on the skills and abilities of their union workforce," said William J. ("Mac") Lynch. He is President of Mechanical Contractors Association of America (MCAA) and President of William F. Lynch Company, Inc., Worcester, Mass. MCAA represents 2,400 U.S. mechanical, industrial, plumbing and service contractors; a number of them also perform work internationally.
Both the UA and PTEU training programs include a focus on green building along with traditional skills and advanced technologies found throughout the construction industry. The UA offers many Certification Programs including Green System Awareness and Energy Audit to ensure that UA members remain at the forefront of the piping industry. Through the UA University system there are opportunities to attain further credentials, including advanced degrees in areas such as construction supervision and management, and heating/ventilation/air conditioning/refrigeration (HVACR), as well as sustainable technologies. The PTEU trains workers through its Plumbing Industry Climate Action Centre in Melbourne, offering a unique approach to cross-training building professionals to look at various systems in an integrated manner. In addition to green plumbing and industrial services, the Australians are trained on the latest innovations in energy and water conservation.


and columns as the original index are provided), the DROP_EXISTING clause does not sort the data … Otherwise someone might insert a row between the time I check the table and when I insert the row. This SQL Server tutorial explains how to use the EXISTS condition in SQL Server (Transact-SQL) with syntax and examples. insert into table1 (key1, key2, key3, key4) Suppose a table of urls has a unique index on the url: Now suppose I want to insert a row in a single statement, without using a transaction, and I only want the row to get inserted if the url isn't already in the table. I want to do this in a single statement, without a transaction. If desired, it is possible to insert several values in a single statement by changing the WHERE clause: Now suppose the requirements specify up to three duplicate entries in the table, and each insert should add a single row. In case the object does not exist, and you try to drop, you get the following error. For a dynamic statement, the FOR n ROWS clause is specified on the EXECUTE statement. Edit 2006-02-26 See also my article on using this and other techniques to do flexible INSERT and UPDATE statements in MySQL. 在 MySQL 中，插入（insert）一条记录，经常需要检查这条记录是否已经存在，只有当记录不存在时才执行插入操作1. email is in use. The SQL Server (Transact-SQL) EXISTS condition is used in combination with a subquery and is considered to be met if the subquery returns at least one row. I don't want any warnings or errors. So within the same transaction as the insert we can determine if the cust_id already exists. Trong SQL Server (Transact-SQL) điều kiện EXISTS được dúng để kết hợp với truy vấn nội bộ (subquery). It would be easier to understand. The problem is, IF I want to insert a record to table a from table b on certain condition, ie., Sql conditional insert if not exists. at _URL_ flexible INSERT and UPDATE statements in MySQL. 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text: One of the things that needs to be done to solve the problem with the air leakage through the building envelope is to be able to identify where they are located. This is why my partner, Brenda Smith, and I developed an air leak detector that uses a vitamin B supplement. So the way the system works is that we make a solution with the vitamin B2, with water, and then we use an off-the-shelf humidifier to disperse it in the air. Then an energy rater can use one of their fans to pressurize the building. And this then will direct the vitamins to the leaks, where they will then accumulate. And then you just shine the interior surfaces with a specific light. And then, when the vitamin shines, it will locate the air leaks, so that then you can go after them and seal them. By sealing this leak, you will save energy, and you would also make your space more comfortable. We selected vitamin B2 for this detection system because, first of all, it fluoresces, and it is non-toxic. Consequently we can use it in occupied buildings. Without being worried that it will damage surfaces, such as furniture and interior walls. Because even if it accumulates on surfaces, it will not affect human health. And also you can easily clean it.


Signed sets and ballots, part 2
Recall, from my previous post, that our goal is to find a combinatorial proof showing the correspondence between signed sets and signed ballots, where a signed set is just a set of n elements, considered positive or negative according to the parity of n, and a signed ballot is an ordered list of sets, considered positive or negative according to the parity of the number of sets.
So, how should such a proof look? For a given number of labels n, there is a single signed set structure, which is just the set of labels itself (with a sign depending on the parity of n). On the other hand, there are lots of ballots on n labels; the key is that some are positive and some are negative, since the sign of the ballots depends on the parity of the number of parts, not the number of labels. For example, consider n = 3. There is a single (negative) signed set structure:
(I will use a dashed blue line to indicate negative things, and a solid black line for positive things.)
On the other hand, as we saw last time, there are 13 ballot structures on 3 labels, some positive and some negative:
In this example, it is easy to see that most of the positives and negatives cancel, with exactly one negative ballot left over, which corresponds with the one negative set. As another example, when n = 4, there is a single positive set, and 75 signed ballots:
This time it is not quite so easy to tell at a glance (at least not the way I have arranged the ballots in the above picture!), but in fact one can verify that there are exactly 37 negative ballots and 38 positive ones, again cancelling to match the one positive set.
What we need to show, then, is that we can pair up the ballots in such a way that positive ballots are matched with negative ballots, with exactly one ballot of the appropriate sign left to be matched with the one signed set. This is known as a signed involution: an involution is a function which is its own inverse, so it matches things up in pairs; a signed involution sends positive things to negative things and vice versa, except for any fixed points.
In order to do this, we will start by assuming the set of labels is linearly ordered. In one sense this is no big deal, since for any finite set of labels we can always just pick an arbitrary ordering, if there isn't an "obvious" ordering to use already. On the other hand, it means that the correspondence will be specific to the chosen linear ordering. All other things being equal, we would prefer a correspondence that depends solely on the structure of the ballots, and not on any structure inherent to the labels. I will have quite a bit more to say about this in my third and (probably) final post on the topic. But for today, let's just see how the correspondence works, given the assumption of a linear order on the labels. I came up with this proof independently while contemplating Anders Claesson's post, though it turns out that the exact same proof is already in a paper by Claesson and Hannah (in any case it is really just a small lemma, the sort of thing you might give as a homework problem in an undergraduate course on combinatorics).
Given some ballot, find the smallest label. For example, if the labels are \{1, \dots, n\} as in the examples so far, we will find the label 1.
 - If the smallest label is contained in some part together with at least one other label, separate it out into its own part by itself, and put it to the right of its former part. Like this:
 - On the other hand, if the smallest label is in a part by itself, merge it with the part on the left (if one exists). This is clearly the inverse of the above operation.
 - The only case we haven't handled is when the smallest label is in a part by itself which is the leftmost part in the ballot. In that case, we leave that part alone, switch to considering the second-smallest label, and recursively carry out the involution on the remainder of the ballot.
 For example:
 In this case we find the smallest label (1) in a part by itself in the leftmost position, so we leave it where it is and recurse on the remainder of the ballot. Again, we find the smallest remaining label (2) by itself and leftmost, so we recurse again. This time, we find the smallest remaining label (3) in a part with one other label, so we separate it out and place it to the right.
This transformation on ballots is clearly reversible. The only ballots it doesn't change are ballots with each label in its own singleton part, sorted from smallest to biggest, like this:
In this case the algorithm recurses through the whole ballot and finds each smallest remaining label in the leftmost position, ultimately doing nothing. Notice that a sorted ballot of singletons has the same sign as the signed set on the same labels, namely, (-1)^n. In any other case, we can see that the algorithm matches positive ballots to negative and vice versa, since it always changes the number of parts by 1, either splitting one part into two or merging two parts into one.
Here's my implementation of the involution in Haskell:
type Ballot = [[Int]]
ballotInv :: Ballot -> Ballot
ballotInv = go 1
 where
 go _ [] = []
 go s ([a]:ps)
 | s == a = [a] : go (s+1) ps
 go s (p:ps)
 | s 'elem' p = delete s p : [s] : ps
 go s (p:[a]:ps)
 | s == a = sort (a:p) : ps
 go s (p:ps) = p : go s ps
(The call to sort is not strictly necessary, but I like to keep each part canonically sorted.)
Here again are the 13 signed ballots for n = 3, this time arranged so that the pair of ballots in each row correspond to each other under the involution, with the leftover, sorted ballot by itself at the top.
If you'd like to see an illustration of the correspondence for n = 4, you can find it here (I didn't want to include inline since it's somewhat large).
This completes the proof that signed sets and signed ballots correspond. But did we really need that linear order on the labels? Tune in next time to find out!
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About Brent
Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Hendrix College. Functional programmer, mathematician, teacher, pianist, follower of Jesus.
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Ducks are from the family Anatidae that has been on Earth before the pre-historic period. These aquatic birds are generally found near ponds, lakes, rivers, and seas. Also, ducks' vision is different from humans'. So, are ducks colorblind, or can they see more colors than us?
The answer is: Ducks are not colorblind. They can see colors more vibrantly than humans. They are tetrachromatic and can perceive reds, greens, yellows, blues, and ultraviolet much better than us. Also, ducks can distinguish thousands of color shades that are even invisible to a human eye.
They have excellent vision allows them to notice two to three times farther than humans. Like every bird, ducks are also primarily dependent on their vision.
Therefore, in this post, we will discuss more on Ducks' Vision and how do they see the world. So, without any further delay. Let's begin.
Are Ducks colorblind? Duck Vision
Ducks can see and recognize more colors than humans. They are tetrachromatic; it means the cones in their eyes can perceive ultraviolet, blue, green, and red colors from wavelength 300 nm to 700 nm. On the other hand, humans are trichromatic, meaning our cones are sensitive only to blue, green, and red colors from 380 nm to 750 nm.
Ducks can perceive a more comprehensive range of electromagnetic spectrum as compared to humans' visible spectrum. Additionally, their eyesight is more sensitive towards red, green, yellow, and blue colors.
It represents that they can see dazzling shades of these colors. Below we have inserted an image showing the absorption of the different colors in ducks' eyes.
The image demonstrates that ducks absorb blue, green, and red colors best at 445, 508, and 565 nm, whereas the human eye perceives colors best at 424, 530, and 560 nm. In this way, you can imagine how differently ducks can see the exact color compared to us.
Additional knowledgeThere are more than 167 species of ducks.
Do Ducks have good eyesight?
Ducks have excellent eyesight during the day. Their eyes are more sensitive to light and have more cones than rods, permitting them to perceive millions of color variations.
Ducks have a different eye mechanism where many powerful muscles control the curvature of their corneas and lenses. It enables them to see at a greater distance clearly. According to Ducks Unlimited, ducks can see three times farther than humans.
Not only this, the eyes of ducks comprise various sensitive cones that grant them superiority in color sensing capability over human vision. They carry on various day-to-day activities through their sharp vision like finding food, searching for mates, etc.
In a nutshell, ducks and geese can sense the environment twelve times better than humans during daylight.
However, ducks cannot see clearly at night because they have very few rods in their eyes compared to nocturnal birds. Still, they perceive the environment much better than humans in the dark.
Apart from their vision, they have other sensing abilities like beak sensitivity that allows them to navigate in low-light situations. Later in this post, we have discussed ducks' vision at night in detail.
Can Ducks see color? (What colors do ducks see)
Ducks have a vast number of cones in their eyes through which they can see thousands of color shades, including ultraviolet light. Their eyes sense ultraviolet, blue, green, yellow, and red colors vibrantly during daytime.
Ducks' vision is more titled towards blue-violet and green colors, whereas human vision is more focused on red-orange colors. Also, they have the ability to filter out specific colors to attain greater sensitivity selectively. As compared to humans, they see colors differently.
For Example, Ducks see red, green, and blue colors with more brightness in contrasting shades. Also, they cannot see black color; they can sense and detect it as a dark gray shade. In addition, they witness orange color in an obscure shape not as bright as we do.
However, in the dark, they don't have the ability to detect any color except ultraviolet rays.
Additional knowledgeDucks like the green color the most.
Can Ducks see in the dark? Duck Night Vision
Duck cannot visually discern in the dark but can sense their environment through various abilities. They don't have a special thin membrane in their eyes called tapetum lucidum that assists them in seeing in the dark. Therefore, they use beak sensitivity to search for their food at night.
Ducks' beak is covered with susceptible skin through which they can feel things, similar to our hands. In this way, they don't need their eyes to sense their food.
Ducks are generally diurnal but can change to nocturnal depending on geographical and weather conditions. Also, it can be seen that ducks usually migrate at night from one place to another, where their senses mainly guide them.
Most of the time, ducks love to sleep and take during the night. The nighttime is the ideal time for them to slow their senses and relax. But it doesn't mean that at night they are easy to catch.
Even in sleep, they are in the firm of intermittent alertness, and like other birds, they rest one side of their brain at one time. In this way, they can sense any predatory and react quickly.
How do Ducks see humans?
Ducks see humans the same as we see but with more color shades. They are tetrachromats and discern us with colors along with ultraviolet light. It means their vision comprises more blue-violet hues rather than red-orange like ours.
Ducks can also recognize their owners through their vision and beak. It is witnessed that they show too much affection to their caretakers in the form of a cuddle or pet.
In contrast, they also express their anger to other people. In brief, ducks can see and distinguish humans from other living beings.
However, the only catch is detailing. Their vision has slightly less detailing and sharpness as compared to humans. We see the world with more sharpness and clarity; however, among birds, only eagles have more sharp eyes than us.
Must ReadCan Eagles see in the Dark? Eagle Vision
How do Ducks see the world?
Ducks see the world predominately in blue-violet and green colors. They are monocular and have a wide range of vision that empowers them to perceive a vast area at one time.
Their eyes focus on area rather than depth and focus. Humans have binocular vision. It means our eyesight has depth, and we can focus on a particular entity simultaneously. In conclusion, ducks are not colorblind. They perceive colors better than us and see the world in different shades.
Duck Vision vs Human Vision
|Have tetrachromatic vision
|Have trichromatic vision
|Can see ultraviolet rays
|Cannot see ultraviolet rays
|Cannot see clearly in the dark
|Cannot see clearly in the dark
Here, we have discussed "Are Ducks colorblind," along with other relevant queries on their eyesight. We will be back with another post. Till then, stay tuned with us and read the articles below.
About Ducks by Ducks Unlimited
Meet Abhidept (nickname Monty), the visionary founder of How It See, being an engineering student, he's fueled by an insatiable curiosity about the world around him. He is captivated by an eclectic correlation between animal groups, science, and nature, and this fascination drives his quest for understanding.
After completing his degree, he's set on a mission to delve deep into the realm of nature, accumulating knowledge to share with you through his writing. In the meantime, he loves to watch anime and read anime.


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STAR Cities: Sustainable Tourism for Attractivity of Riverside Cities
Many European territories have developed strong relations with rivers, that take on an economic and social role in their history. In the heart of European cities or in suburban areas, riversides offer exceptional natural, cultural, and industrial heritage, both tangible and intangible. They give the opportunity to combine traditional tourism visits such as monuments and museums, with more natural and original places. That is why riverside development is a real opportunity for European cities to create innovative solutions for sustainable tourism development.
The STAR Cities project encompasses the entire tourism ecosystem existing along rivers that is relevant to the specific objective of the Interreg Europe programme, which deals with the protection, promotion and development of natural heritage, biodiversity, and ecosystems. In this framework, STAR Cities project aims at improving regional policies on natural, cultural heritage and tourism development. It also aims at making policy makers consider the development of a riverside environment of European cities as a new tourism offer by focusing on sustainable development as a major issue.
- Conducting three thematic, interactive interregional learning sessions – a combination of study visits and workshops and exchange of experiences among project partners and stakeholders from individual cities / areas.
- Development of common Policy Guidelines and Recommendations based on the results of all three thematic workshops.
- Preparation of a Regional Assessment with a State of Play for the Ljubljana Moors area with accents on the Ljubljanica riverbank and with the included Ljubljana centre.
- Preparation of Good Practises
- Preparation of an Action Plan
- VAL-de-MARNE TOURISM BOARD, France (Lead Partner)
- NECSTouR – Network of European Regions for Sustainable and Competitive Tourism, Belgium
- LAZIO REGION, Italy
- MUNICIPALITY IX EUR V RIMU, Italy
- FREE AND HANSEATIC CITY OF HAMBURG, Germany
- PUBLIC INSTITUTION »KAUNAS 2022«, Lithuania
- REGIONAL DEVELEOPMENT AGENCY OF LJUBLJANA URBAN REGION, Slovenia
Total budget: 1.154.909,00 EUR
Budget for RRA LUR: 133.675,00 EUR
Co-financing EU for RRA LUR (85 %): 113.623,75 EUR
June 1st 2018 (official start for RRA LUR: December 1st 2019) – May 31st 2023


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Identifying Yarns & Dyes to Tell Time
Knowing the history of material changes allows scholars to construct a timeline for southwestern textile types. Changes in yarns, fiber quality, and dyes occurred frequently during the 1800s. When these changes are considered together with a textile's designs and individual history, production dates can be estimated to create a more complete history of Navajo textiles.
Handspun yarns include single-spun strands of naturally colored, undyed sheep's wool as well as wool colored with vegetal or synthetic dyes. The earliest Navajo sheep had clean, lustrous wool, while breeds after the 1880s had curlier, greasier wool. Navajo spinners cleaned and aligned the wool fibers with their fingers or with wire-toothed combs, called carders, and twisted the wool together on hand spindles.
Raveled yarns came from bolts of imported fabrics that weavers cut into strips and unraveled, reweaving the yarns into blankets. Raveled yarns, often used in groups of two to six, appear to have small ridges or kinks and are sometimes speckled. Some researchers call these yarns bayeta, from the Spanish name for one type of cloth that was unraveled.
Commercial yarns, produced in textile mills and obtained through government annuities and trade, introduced new shades of red, orange, yellow, purple, blue, and green. Commercial yarns have a regularly ridged texture and solid coloring, and were plied, or twisted, from multiple spun strands of wool.
Red dyes can be chemically identified to help scholars interpret Navajo textile histories. From 1800 through the 1870s, insect dyes—cochineal from Mesoamerica and lac from India—colored many raveled and commercial red yarns. Beginning in the late 1860s, many red yarns contained synthetic dyes. Red dyes can be identified by several chemical tests, including spectrophotometry.


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Sourced from: YKK
The mining of metal for uses in zippers and studs for jeans can cause a multitude of environmental impacts that are felt for generations. Outland Denim is reducing its impact by using YKK as a supplier of zippers. It is part of the Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals Initiative (ZDHC), which aims to reduce the usage of hazardous chemicals and their discharge into the environment. YKK are also Standard 100 by OEKO-TEXⓇ Certified as evidence that their products and practices have been tested against harmful substances. YKK take a holistic approach to supporting their workers by providing free health examinations and various other avenues of support and benefits.
Return to Supply Chain


Exporting a report
Exporting a report allows you to save the report in various formats for easy distribution. You can export reports to the following formats:
Report documents are not dynamically linked to the underlying data, they are a snapshot of the dataset at the time the report was created.
Steps:
 1. Open or preview a report in the Report Viewer.
 2. Click Export to report fileExport Report on the Report Viewer toolbar.
 3. In the Export Report dialog box, choose the export format to export to.
 4. Click the ellipsis button (...) to navigate to the location where you want to save the output.
 5. Enter a name for the report.
 6. Click Save.
 7. Click OK.
Related Topics
2/11/2011


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Red Helleborine Facts | Wildlife & Flora in the Cotswolds
The flowering shoots can reach 28 inches in height and may carry up to 20 flowers each, which vary from pink to red or uncommonly white. While they flower from May through July the flowers only last about 10 days from opening to falling off and some plants can go years without flowering. Since the majority of pollination in Europe occurs by the Chelostoma bee, which is not found in the UK, scientists are not currently sure how this species is pollinating.
A number of enthusiasts and professionals are working to help maintain and hopefully increase the prevalence of this species with plans to hopefully reintroduce it to sites where it has a historic presence. Overall, an incredibly scarce species which given its flowering patterns is a rare treat for anyone lucky enough to see it.


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The "historic" simulation line represents the long-term climate response a river might have according to the hydrologic model. If the hydrologic forecast is for near-normal conditions, the "conditional" simulation curve will be similar to the historic simulation curve. If the streamflow forecast is for wetter than normal conditions, the conditional simulation curve will be above the historic curve. Likewise, if the streamflow forecast is for drier than normal conditions, the conditional simulation curve will be below the historic curve.
The slope of the simulation curve indicate the amount of uncertainty associated with a forecast. The flatter the line, the more confident the forecast. The steeper the line, the less confident the forecast.
NOAA's National Weather Service produces such plots as part of the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service.


RouteDeviation(_ routeDeviation: RouteDeviation) {
 // Get current geographic coordinates.
 var currentGeoCoordinates = routeDeviation.currentLocation.originalLocation.coordinates
 if let currentMapMatchedLocation = routeDeviation.currentLocation.mapMatchedLocation {
 currentGeoCoordinates = currentMapMatchedLocation.coordinates
 }
 // Get last geographic coordinates on route.
 var lastGeoCoordinates: GeoCoordinates?
 if let lastLocationOnRoute = routeDeviation.lastLocationOnRoute {
 lastGeoCoordinates = lastLocationOnRoute.originalLocation.coordinates
 if let lastMapMatchedLocationOnRoute = lastLocationOnRoute.mapMatchedLocation {
 lastGeoCoordinates = lastMapMatchedLocationOnRoute.coordinates
 }
 } else {
 print("User was never following the route. So, we take the start of the route instead.")
 lastGeoCoordinates = visualNavigator.route?.sections.first?.departure.mapMatchedCoordinates
 }
 guard let lastGeoCoordinatesOnRoute = lastGeoCoordinates else {
 print("No lastGeoCoordinatesOnRoute found. Should never happen.")
 return
 }
 let distanceInMeters = currentGeoCoordinates.distance(to: lastGeoCoordinatesOnRoute)
 print("RouteDeviation in meters is \(distanceInMeters)")
}
Inside the RouteProgressDelegate we can access detailed information on the progress per Section of the passed Route instance. A route may be split into several sections based on the number of waypoints and transport modes. Note that remainingDistanceInMeters and trafficDelayInSeconds are already accumulated per section. We check the last item of the SectionProgress list to get the overall remaining distance to the destination and the overall estimated traffic delay.
Inside the RouteProgressDelegate we can also access the next manuever that lies ahead of us. For this we use the maneuverIndex:
// Contains the progress for the next maneuver ahead and the next-next maneuvers, if any.
let nextManeuverList = routeProgress.maneuverProgress
guard let nextManeuverProgress = nextManeuverList.first else {
 print("No next maneuver available.")
 return
}
let nextManeuverIndex = nextManeuverProgress.maneuverIndex
guard let nextManeuver = visualNavigator.getManeuver(index: nextManeuverIndex) else {
 // Should never happen as we retrieved the next maneuver progress above.
 return
}
The maneuver information taken from visualNavigator can be used to compose a display for a driver to indicate the next action and other useful informaton like the distance until this action takes place. It is recommended to not use this for textual representations, unless it is meant for debug purposes like shown in the example above. Use voice guidance instead (see below).
As the location provided by the device's GPS sensor may be inaccurate, the VisualNavigator internally calculates a map-matched location that is given to us as part of the NavigableLocation object. This location is expected to be on a navigable path like, for example, a street. But it can also be off-track, in case the user has left the road - or if the GPS signal is too poor to find a map-matched location.
It is recommended to use the map-matched location to give the user visual feedback. An example for this is shown below. Only if the location could not be map-matched, for example, when the user is off-road, it may be useful to fallback to the unmatched originalLocation.
Note that the maneuver instruction text is empty during navigation. It only contains localized instructions when taken from the route instance. The ManeuverAction enum is supposed to be used to show a visual indicator. Consult the API Reference for a full list of supported actions.
Some roads do not have a name. In such cases, you can try to retrieve the road number instead, for example, when you are on a highway.
It is not required to trigger the above events yourself. Instead the VisualNavigator will react on the provided locations as coming from the location provider implementation.
If you detect a route deviation, you can decide based on distanceInMeters if you want to calculate a new route to the destination. This way you can reroute users to their destination. Note that for recalculation you may want to use the same route parameters, but there is no automatic mechanism to choose the same route alternative as before - unless you provide UI or some other logic for this.
In the above example, we calculate the distance based on the coordinates contained in RouteDeviation: distanceInMeters is the straight-line distance between the expected location on the route and your actual location. If that is considered too far, you can set a newly calculated route to the visualNavigator instance - and all further events will be based on the new route. The Navigation example app shows how to reroute after a deviation of 30 meters.
Note that previous events in the queue may still be delivered once for the old route - as the events are delivered asynchronously. If desired, you can attach new delegates after setting the new route to prevent this.
It is possible to feed in new locations either by implementing a platform positioning solution or use the HERE SDK positioning feature or by setting up a location simulator.
The basic information flow is:
Location Provider => Location => VisualNavigator => Events
It is the responsibility of the developer to feed in valid locations into the VisualNavigator. For each received location, the visualNavigator will respond with appropriate events that indicate the progress along the route, including maneuvers and a possible deviation from the expected route. The resulting events depend on the accuracy and frequency of the provided location signals.
Below you can find an example on how to handle location updates:
private func updateMapView(currentGeoCoordinates: GeoCoordinates,
 bearingInDegrees: Double?) {
 var orientation = MapCamera.OrientationUpdate()
 orientation.bearing = bearingInDegrees
 mapView.camera.lookAt(point: currentGeoCoordinates,
 orientation: orientation,
 distanceInMeters: ConstantsEnum.DEFAULT_DISTANCE_IN_METERS)
 navigationArrow.coordinates = currentGeoCoordinates
 trackingArrow.coordinates = currentGeoCoordinates
}
Here the main task is to update the map to the new location. Additionally, we rotate the map based on the current bearing. We also update a custom map marker to indicate the user's current location in form of a navigation arrow.
Screenshot: Turn-by-turn navigation example running on a device.
Note that we call updateMapView() from within the NavigableLocationDelegate - as we already have shown above. Each new location event results in a new NavigableLocation that holds a map-matched location calculated out of the original GPS signal that we have fed into the VisualNavigator. This map-matched location can then be consumed - like for example, as we have done above in updateMapView().
To stop any ongoing navigation, call visualNavigator.route = nil, reset the above delegates to nil or simply call stop() on your location provider. More information can be found in the stop navigation section below.
For the full source code, please check the corresponding navigation example app.
Receive Waypoint Events
The VisualNavigator class provides more useful notifications. Below is an example of how to receive notifications on passed waypoints. Note that it is possible to be notified at the destination waypoint in two alternative ways: the first example below notifies when the destination is reached - and therefore navigation can be stopped. Whereas the second code snippet below shows how to get notified on all types of waypoints including the destination waypoint.
// Conform to DestinationReachedDelegate.
// Notifies when the destination of the route is reached.
func onDestinationReached() {
 showMessage("Destination reached. Stopping turn-by-turn navigation.")
 stopNavigation()
}
// Conform to MilestoneReachedDelegate.
// Notifies when a waypoint on the route is reached.
func onMilestoneReached(_ milestone: Milestone) {
 if let waypointIndex = milestone.waypointIndex {
 print("A user-defined waypoint was reached, index of waypoint: \(waypointIndex)")
 print("Original coordinates: \(String(describing: milestone.originalCoordinates))")
 } else {
 // For example, when transport mode changes due to a ferry.
 print("A system defined waypoint was reached at \(milestone.mapMatchedCoordinates)")
 }
}
The onMilestoneReached() method provides a Milestone instance that contains the information about the passed waypoints along the route. Note that only stopover waypoints are included. A Milestone includes an index that refers to the waypoint list set by the user when calculating the route. If it is not available, then the Milestone refers to a waypoint that was set during the route calculation - for example, when an additional stop