text:
A gas-cooled reactor (GCR) is a nuclear reactor that uses graphite as a neutron moderator and carbon dioxide (helium can also be used) as coolant. Although there are many other types of reactor cooled by gas, the terms GCR and to a lesser extent gas cooled reactor are particularly used to refer to this type of reactor.
The GCR was able to use natural uranium as fuel, enabling the countries that developed them to fabricate their own fuel without relying on other countries for supplies of enriched uranium, which was at the time of their development only available from the United States or Soviet Union.
There were two main types of generation I GCR:
The main difference between these two types is in the fuel cladding material. Both types were mainly constructed in their countries of origin, with a few export sales: Magnox plants to Italy and Japan, and a UNGG to Spain. Both types used fuel cladding materials that were unsuitable for medium term storage under water, making reprocessing an essential part of the nuclear fuel cycle.
Both types were, in their countries of origin, also designed and used to produce weapons-grade plutonium, but at the cost of major interruption to their use for power generation despite the provision of online refuelling.
In the UK, the Magnox was replaced by the advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR), an improved Generation II gas cooled reactors. In France, the UNGG was replaced by the pressurized water reactor (PWR). More recently, GCRs based on the declassified drawings of the early Magnox reactors have been constructed by North Korea at the Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center.
Gas-cooled reactor types include:
- Heavy Water Gas Cooled Reactor (HWGCR)
- Gas-cooled reactor (graphite moderated)
- Advanced gas-cooled reactor
- Gas-cooled fast reactor
- Gas turbine modular helium reactor, General Atomics design : He-cooled, Graphite moderated
- High temperature gas cooled reactor
- Pebble bed reactor
- Very high temperature reactor
See also
|This article about nuclear power and nuclear reactors for power generation is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
Temporary pumps help Gatwick Airport complete run-off pond project
A temporary pumping solution helped Gatwick Airport manage run-off water from its runway during an upgrade project to prevent flooding on the nearby River Mole in East Sussex.
Sykes Pumps provided six pumps for the project, which involved stabilisation works on the banks of the River Mole to prevent the breaching of the embankment of one Gatwick Airport's run off water ponds, Gatwick Pond E.
The pond collects run off water from the runway at Gatwick, which is released into the River Mole downstream. Variable flow rates in the river can be caused by periods of wet weather or increased outputs from Crawley Water Recycling Centre, which is located upstream, and these can prompt the river to spill into the pond, creating a potential flood risk.
To overcome that risk, Gatwick Airport commissioned improvement works to the River Mole in the Gatwick Pond E area, ensuring that the river can hold variable volumes of water at that point in its flow.
Civil engineering specialist, Suttle Projects, was contracted to dig out the river bed on either side of the relevant section of river and lay reno mattresses and gabion baskets with stone infill to prevent further scour of the river bed or embankment.
To carry out these works, the company needed an over pumping solution that could reliably keep the work area dry enough for safety and integrity of the installation throughout the programme, despite the variable flow rates typical of the location.
Initially, Sykes Pumps supplied three 12" Super Wispaset 300 Super Silenced Pumps, in line with Suttle Projects' specification. Two of these diesel pumps were used as duty pumps to over pump the water between two sandbagged dams to a discharge point downstream, with a third on site as a standby. However, increased flow rates meant that the Suttle team needed to use the third pump as a duty pump, so Sykes Pumps delivered an additional Super Wispaset 300 to site, along with a GP80 3" diesel pump and a Super Wispaset 100 4" pump, which were used to address any water seeping through the dam at each end of the work area.
John Harley from Suttle Projects said: "We were able to vary the flow rate from the pumps through manual monitoring of water levels throughout the scheme and it became apparent within the first week that two duty pumps would not be sufficient most of the time. Sykes Pumps had the additional kit on site within 24 hours, along with the pipework and fittings required to increase the over pumping infrastructure and ensure a safe working environment for our team."
Along with the pumps, Sykes Pumps also supplied two fuel tanks to ensure the pumps remained operational throughout the scheme and more than 300m of wire armoured and steel 12" pipework to carry the water from the pump site to the discharge location. The company also carried out fortnightly servicing of all equipment to ensure it was running at optimum efficiency at all times.
Originally scheduled as a six-week programme, the project was completed in just five weeks.
John Harley adds: "Thanks to the efficiency of the over pumping operation we were able to make excellent progress with the excavations and stabilisation works which will help to keep Gatwick flood free while protecting the natural waterways in the area."
- Natural Resources Wales awards £70M flood work contract Natural Resources Wales, the body responsible for rivers and coastal protection in Wales, has awarded a contract for flood... Read More >
- Integrated approach to water management needed in London The office of London's mayor, Boris Johnson, has issued an action plan to improve the long-term sustainability of London's... Read More >
- Scottish Water, CENSIS and Strathclyde uni in asset monitoring scheme Scottish Water is collaborating with the University of Strathclyde and new innovation centre CENSIS on a project that... Read More >
- Pump maintenance: keeping it pumping Maintaining pumps in top condition is a vital consideration in the totex equation for pumping assets, and water utilities... Read More >
- Why do motors fail? Pump motors can run for half a century if they are properly maintained, writes Dave Hawley Read More >
- Becoming a smart pump buyer When specifying a new pumping system, asset owners need to be able to answer key questions about their requirements,... Read More >
- Dewatering pump maintenance: Keep moving Maintaining your dewatering pumps goes a long way, writes Joe Moser, pump product manager, Atlas Copco Construction... Read More >
- Offsite build for Affinity pumping station Taking a pioneering new approach to a borehole pumping station upgrade in Essex, Affinity Water minimised asset downtime... Read More >

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
- The Camera has to be connected and adjusted in advance.
- Ensure data transfer between PC workstation and LCS works proper (Test data transfer with tool 'amcap.exe' in subfolder 'Tools' of the program folder at your individual eurolaser customer CD).
- This procedure requires 3 – 6 pcs. of white card board / paper 140 up to 200g/sheet.
Laser in action! This procedure requires trained personnel for operating the Laser Cutting System (LCS). This short instruction assumes basic user knowledge about the eurolaser LCS (G3/S3 systems) and its user software LaserScout POSITION (or OS Production resp. OS Production & Design).
Fast moving axis possible! Keep safety distance and watch your hands!
Follow the instructions given in order to the numbers:
1. Start the system in normal operational mode.
2. Initialize the Z-axis onto the material support. After OK, lift the nozzle approx. +2 mm up.ESC 1-1-1-2-1 OK
3. Place the sheet (A4 print of test pattern) "Camera Offset_GBR.pdf" (subfolder: "Test jobs\Camera-Offset") at any position of the table (e.g. close to the 0/0-Position of the system)
4. Define a reference position at the lower right corner of the paper: ESC-[F8]-3. Switch vacuum ON and fix the sheet of paper additional with some tape at two points. It should not move at all!
5. Switch the system to 'ONLINE'.
6. Start user software and open file 'Camera Offset_GER.job' (\Test jobs\Camera-Offset of the OS-Program folder).
7. Choose for the layer 'Cutting contours' (green) those parameter setup defined for '200 g. Paper Cut'. Define the layer 'Information' invisible by clicking the eye (crossed). Registermarks (Reg.-Marks) are displayed in red.
8. Click Register: 'Settings / Standard Settings / Register Jog Marks', and set as type Video Marks.Set the size = 6 mm.
9. Open the output device window.
10. Set Number of copies = 1 and Production mode = manually. Click on 'preview'
11. Edit 'Mark settings' and define the Reg.-Marks for the test pattern:
Mark settings / Mark recognition / Normal / OK
Mark settings / Mark type / Circle / OK
12. The preview window pops up and shows the camera live-view. Click-right for open the sub-windows and click 'Default settings/ Mark Recognition'.
13. Move the Camera by using the cursor keys at your PC-keyboard to the first Reg.-Mark closest to the REF point
- A red circle at the video screen indicates, the Reg.-Mark is inside the search radius of the camera.
- A green circle at the video screen indicates, the REG-Mark is already identified. If it does not automatically switch to green click on 'Move to Mark' until it turns to a green circle.
- If the circle still remains red marked, click on the 'Measure' button. Now the Reg.-Mark has been scanned and the 'Mark size' value displayed will be adapted. At the spell State the values in Pixel are shown e.g. D(act) 54,8 PixRes.
- Save those values with a click on the 'Save' button.The window will close now.
14. At the preview window (camera live-view): Click-right for open the sub-windows and click 'Default settings / Set Camera Offset'.
15. Move the axis with the camera by your PC-cursor keys down to the bigger black test circle on the paper and stop approx. in the centre. Click on 'Cut mark' The laser will cut a circle into the paper now.
16. Put a white sheet of paper underneath the test cut circle to increase the contrast.
Caution: The test-pattern paper should not move anyway on the table!
17. Touch any cursor key at the PC shortly. The camera returns now back to the test cut circle. If required control the camera by pressing the cursor keys to a closer area so the identification is confirmed by the green circle. Click on 'Measure'.
- The camera software measures now automatically the difference in X- and Y-axis direction. This defines the new OFFSET values in the window 'Camera Offset'.
- If the measurement is constant about 5 seconds, the measurement procedure is completed.
18. Click 'Save' under 'Camera Offset' to complete the procedure.
19. The Offset assignment is verifiable by activating the Test-Pattern (print on the Paper). Switch the system to 'ONLINE'.
20. Move the axis with the camera (red square in the right window) by your PC-cursor keys down to the closest Reg.-Mark next to the temporary Ref.-Position until the identification is confirmed by the green circle.
- Click on the recognition mark symbol to start the recognition sequence for all Reg.-Marks.
- Those Reg.-Marks signed green are identified by the camera.
21. All identified Reg.-Marks (min. 2 pcs. per each contour, better 3 pcs.) are now signed green andchecked with a checkmark.
Click on 'Run' to accept the Reg.-Marks and start the contours cut out.
If too many Reg.-Marks are not clearly identified, check the following issues:
- shows the area illumination enough brightness and light is diffuse?
- how is the contrast of the test-pattern (quality of print)?
- check the fixing of the paper / card-board. Is the paper / card-board positioned nearly parallel to the axis?
- repeat procedure from no. 17.
22. The preview-window opens. Check the position on the screen and compare with the paper positioned at the table. Note: X-axis on the screen is horizontal!
23. Click on the output icon to start the cutting sequence.
24. After cutting is completed, switch system to 'OFFLINE' mode and move the bar (Y-axis) in a rear position (approx. +500 mm), so you can evaluate the results.
25. If the new offset values are correct, the contour-cuts are centered according the printed frames. Each contour shall show the same thickness of frames to each direction.
26. If the contours are not centered (not placed exactly in the middle position the offset values may need some corrections. Click-right on the preview-screen and open the popup window. Click 'Default setting' / 'Set Camera offset' and make the necessary corrections under 'Camera Offset' X-Y according the X-and Y-arrows on the Test-Pattern print.
- Typically the correction may need some 1/10 [mm] only. Mind the algebraic sign!
- Click 'Save' to confirm the input.
- Place a new Test-Pattern print on the table – same position.
- Repeat the procedure from no.16. until the result is good enough for the next laser application.
Note: In case of lost position proceed as follows:
- Stop and close the Plot-Manager (icon right/lower PC monitor frame)
- Clear the REF-Point at the system's user panel [F8] - 2 and define a new REF-Point [F8] - 3 move manually to the position, than confirm message. Click 'OK'.
- Clear the system buffer memory, 'ECS 2-4-1' / 'OK'
Note: Check the Reg.-Mark identification frequently before starting any high quality jobs. Especially after moduleor lens-system exchange the test procedure for "Checking the camera offset" should be performed.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Puzzle Directions: Click on a puzzle piece and drag it where you want it. When you connect two pieces correctly, they will join together. This is an extra hard double-sided puzzle. The same map is printed on both sides the pieces. Some of the pieces are turned over to the wrong side. To flip a piece over, hold down the "T" key and click on the puzzle piece. Mix up the pieces again. View finished map in pop-up window.
Description: This map of Florida outlines the county boundaries and railroads connecting the major cities, current in 1895. The upper most inset map illustrates the intersection of Lake, Orange and Volusia counties on an enlarged scale. This inset map also conveys the relative proximity of the large lakes in the region. The lower right inset map illustrates the southern portion of Florida, more specifically the Florida Keys, which are a part of Monroe County. Source: Rand, McNally & Co., The Encyclopedia Britannica Vol. IX (New York, NY: The Werner Company, 1903) 338 Map Credit: Courtesy the private collection of Roy Winkelman.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


It Would Take Way More Seagulls To Lift James' Peach
The children's author, Roald Dahl's most famous stories may strain belief, certainly, though some of us are hoping to find a golden ticket in a bar of chocolate someday. But in his book, "James and the Giant Peach," Dahl came up with a mostly plausible way to move a giant piece of stone fruit: A flock of 501 seagulls. But some physics students from England's Leicester University weren't so sure.
Figuring the potential weight of the peach, which Dahl wrote was about the size of a small house, they multiplied its density by its volume and calculated that you'd need more than 2.4 million seagulls to get that peach into the air.
We're hoping the students next school project figures out the scientific elements of the potion that actually grew that giant peach in the first place.
Support comes from:


text:
The national comprehensive guarantee is valid only in Finland. It can be combined with guarantees involving import, special procedures (excluding transit) and temporary storage, and with guarantees involving excise duties, car taxes and shipping dues as provided for by national legislation. Companies belonging to a group may provide a joint guarantee if they wish.
The following guarantee types or their combinations, among others, can be accepted as guarantees:
- Bank guarantee/suretyship insurance
- bank account pledge.
The amount of guarantee can be changed in there is an essential change in the invoicing or liability amounts of a company, payment behaviour, financial situation or other circumstances notified at the time of application.
- Read more about the types of guarantees that Customs approves: Guarantee templates
The Union Customs Code provides that the guarantee must cover the amount of customs debt. In import, a guarantee of 100% is required for customs debt, and a guarantee of 0% is required for VAT debt.
An authorised economic operator (AEO) is entitled to a reduction of the guarantee required for customs debt. A guarantee of 30% is required for customs debt. The amount of guarantee required for VAT debt is 0%.
In the reference amount for a special procedure, the maximum amount of customs debt and VAT debt (customs duty and VAT liability) concerning goods simultaneously under the procedure is taken into account. However, a guarantee is required only for the customs liability. In order to make sure that the guarantee is sufficient, it is recommended that the import reference/guarantee amount covers at least the amount of the customer's highest customs debt for seven weeks.
The holder of a payment is entitled to a payment period of about five weeks for customs duties and taxes collected in connection with the import clearance of goods. The company will receive a periodic filing on customs duties and taxes to be levied on goods released during a single week. The due date for the payment of customs duties and taxes accordant with the periodic filing is the Friday of the fourth week following the week of release.
An amount corresponding to the customs debt is reserved as guarantee from the general import guarantee in connection with customs clearance. The reserved amount is released when the debt is paid (a delay of at least 1-2 days may occur from the time of payment). If there is not a sufficient amount of guarantee available for a new guarantee reservation, it is not possible to import goods using a credit number.
If a company wishes to make use of the payment period of about five weeks, the comprehensive guarantee must cover any pending payments during the credit period as concerns customs duties. Customs clearance decisions can also be paid for prior to their due date using the payment reference number in the decision. In such cases, guarantee reservations are released earlier, and a smaller guarantee can be lodged for import.
Guarantee reservation for debt in different guarantee categories
|Release for free circulation||
Specific use (temporary admission and end-use) and processing (inward and outward processing) are special procedures involving import. In these procedures, a guarantee is required for the liability for customs duties, based on the customer's guarantee category.
The reference amount for temporary admission and processing is the maximum amount of customs debt as well as VAT and excise debt (liability for customs duty and liability for tax) possibly to be collected for goods simultaneously under the procedure. However, a guarantee is required only for the liability for customs duty. Guarantee is reserved in connection with the customs clearance from the comprehensive guarantee according to the customer's guarantee category, 0%–100% for the liability for customs duty, and the guarantee remains reserved until the liability has expired (e.g. an acceptable bill of discharge has been presented).
The reference amount for the end-use procedure is the maximum amount of unlevied import duties for goods simultaneously under the procedure. Unlevied import duties means the difference between the general customs duty (as well as possible anti-dumping duty) and the reduced rate of duty for end-use. Guarantee is reserved in connection with the customs clearance from the comprehensive guarantee according to the customer's guarantee category, 0%–100% for the liability for customs duty, and the guarantee remains reserved until the liability has expired (an acceptable bill of discharge has been presented). In the end-use procedure, the company must provide the maximum amounts of unlevied customs duties using this form:
The Union Customs Code provides that a company may be authorised to use a guarantee with a reduced amount for possible customs duties and other payments or to have a guarantee waiver, provided that certain requirements are met. The company must not have a record of any serious payment disruptions or credit malfunctions (e.g. bankruptcy, reorganisation or distraint). In addition, the company must meet the general requirements for the comprehensive guarantee authorisation, as well as the specific requirements based on guarantee category.
When the amount of liability guarantee is determined, companies are placed into guarantee categories based on their solidity and payment behaviour. Furthermore, companies must meet requirements specific to the different guarantee categories, for example relating to accounts and in-house control. In guarantee categories BD, BC and BB, companies must also have sufficient funds in relation to the reference amount.
The authorisation holder must keep track of the reference amount and contact the customs office of guarantee if the amount is not sufficient.
Guarantee reservation in different guarantee categories for specific use and processing:
|Customs duty||0 %||30 %||50 %||100 %|
|VAT and excise duty||0 %||0 %||0 %||0 %|
The warehouse operator must inform Customs of the maximum value of goods located simultaneously in the warehouse.
The warehouse reference amount, i.e. the amount of liability for customs duties and tax, is determined based on the maximum value of the warehouse. In the reference amount, the default liability for value added tax is 24 % and for customs duties it is 6 %. If the warehouse contains only one type of product or a few types of products, the reference amount can be determined according to actual tax and customs duty rates.
The reference amount will also include any possible excise duties. As concerns excise duties, 30 % of their maximum value will be taken into account in the reference amount.
When a guarantee for a customs warehouse or a temporary warehouse is determined, the reference amount for the warehouse is considered based on the guarantee category. The guarantee is reserved from the fixed guarantee component.
Warehouse guarantee share of the reference amount in different guarantee categories:
Customs duties and excise duties
|30 %||50 %||100 %|
|10 %||50 %|
The holder of the authorisation must keep track of the value of the stored goods. The warehouse keeper must make sure that the value of goods stored in the warehouse simultaneously does not exceed the reported maximum value.
You can give your warehouse details on this form:


Using Java Compiler Tree API to Extract Generics Types
I was looking for some way to extract information about types of elements in Java collections/maps using generics (List, Map) so that the users of the Static JSF Expression Validator wouldn't need to declare the type of the elements manually. One possible way to get this information is to process the source codes with the Sun Compiler Tree API, available since JDK 6.
It might be best to go and check the resulting 263 lines of now. The code is little ugly, largely due to the API being ugly.
 1. JavaCompiler (Compiler API) is used to compile the source codes that should be searched for generics
 2. A custom annotation provider (Java Annotation API) is used during the compilation to process the sources
 3. The processor only delegates to a custom TreePathScanner (Sun Compiler Tree API) whose visitMethod extracts all the information from the MethodTree, using some dark magic to get fully qualified type names of the class and return type
 1. The Compiler must be able to resolve all dependencies (imports) to be able to process the files
 2. It only works with Sun JDK and its tools.jar must be on the class path (the Compiler and Annotation APIs are a part of Java specification but the Compiler Tree API is not and is thus vendor-specific)
 3. The code currently doesn't handle getters inside nested/inner classes (it would need to check that it is such a class and replace the last. with $ in the name)
You'd better check the complete (short) code at GitHub but if it's too far for you :-), here is the crucial piece:
public Object visitMethod(MethodTree methodTree, Trees trees) {
 String typeNameQualified = getEnclosingClassNameIfAvailable(trees);
 // Skip or bad stuff happens (case: inside anonymous inner class)
 if (typeNameQualified == null) {
 return super.visitMethod(methodTree, trees);
 Tree returnType = methodTree.getReturnType(); // null for void method
 if (getter(methodTree) && returnType instanceof ParameterizedTypeTree) {
 assert Tree.Kind.PARAMETERIZED_TYPE == returnType.getKind();
 ParameterizedTypeTree parametrizedReturnType = (ParameterizedTypeTree) returnType;
 TypeCategory category = detectTypeCategory(parametrizedReturnType);
 if (category.isCollectionOrMap()) {
 Tree valueTypeArgument = parametrizedReturnType.getTypeArguments().get(category.getValueTypeArgumentIdx());
 final String qualifiedGenericTypeName = getQualifiedType(valueTypeArgument);
 String methodJsfName = getMethodJsfName(methodTree);
 System.out.println("FOUND " + typeNameQualified + "." + methodJsfName + ".*=" + qualifiedGenericTypeName);
 // Unqualified name: ((IdentifierTree) valueTypeArgument).getName().toString();
 return super.visitMethod(methodTree, trees);
Most of the code has been copied from the article Source Code Analysis Using Java 6 APIs by Seema Richard (4/2008).
It's possible to use the Java Compiler Tree API to get the desired information but it is not exactly easy because the API os overly complex and undocumented. It would likely be better to use some decent open-source Java parser.
Published by Jakub Holý


ZONES & WORKING WITH MULTIPLE LASERS
When ever we are talking about laser output with Pangolin software, we are also talking about Pangolin's exclusive ILDA-Award-winning Projection Zones technology, which allows to use separate projection areas (zones) either from a single laser projector, or up to many laser projectors / multiple lasers.
Projection Zones combine a scanner (laser) selection with Geometric Correction for that particular zone, along with the Preview Window Appearance for that zone and a Beam Attenuation Map that can control the brightness in that particular zone.
As sometimes projection zones may appear as an abstract term, even if everyone uses them, lets see how they appear in Pangolin Quickshow:
QS-projection-Zone-main
There are 30 projection zones which can be selected on the left side of the window. When you click on a zone in the left side, the tabs on the right allow you to view and adjust the parameters for each projection zone.
To view and adjust the parameters, click on the Geometric Correction, Preview Window Appearance, Beam Attenuation Map, Advances Settings or Other tab.
PROJECTION ZONE NAME
The area toward the top of the General tab allows you to specify a Projection Zone Name. Since there are 30 zones, you should give a descriptive name to each zone such as "Main Graphics" or "Scanner 2 Beam zone".
SCANNER (PROJECTOR) OUTPUT SECTION
The next section, labeled Output this zone to allows you to indicate the scanner (projector) that will be used for that zone, and also to adjust the parameters for that scanner. This is how you indicate which scanner will be used for each zone. Pressing the "Adjust scanner settings" button will display the Projector Settings window.
TEST PATTERN CONTROL SECTION
The bottom section allows you to display a test pattern if desired, and it is possible to project a test pattern on multiple zones simultaneously in this mode. This allows you to adjust geometric correction settings on overlapping scanners.
There are two different test patterns available for selection: a Simple test pattern and a Grid test pattern. The simple test pattern has roughly 500 points, and the grid test pattern has roughly 1000 points. Using the simple test pattern when you are projecting multiple test patterns from the same set of scanners will help to reduce flicker.
In addition to the lines that make up the actual test pattern, each test pattern also has an identifying number to help distinguish which test pattern is being projected from which zone.
GEOMETRIC CORRECTION SECTION
The next section shows the Geometric Correction parameters for the selected zone, and allows you to adjust it. The Geometric Correction settings allow you to adjust the geometric correction for each scanner. Moreover, each scanner can actually have multiple geometric correction settings if desired simply by directing more than one zone to the same scanner.
To adjust the geometric correction, you click, on the different Correction Types and then move the sliders that appear on the sides and top of the window, or you can click and drag the mouse in the window area.
qs-projection-zone-geometric-correction
PREVIEW WINDOW APPEARANCE SECTION
The next section shows the Preview Window Appearance for the selected zone, and allows you to adjust it. Note that it is possible to specify a Preview Window Appearance for each projection zone, and this preview window appearance is independent of the laser output so master size, position and geometric correction do not affect the preview window.
For each zone, the Preview image size and position can be adjusted. Moreover, you can specify whether the preview for that zone should be normal laser graphics, or audience scanning beam effects.
If you specify that the preview should be Audience Scanning Beams, you get a few more options. You can control the vanishing point created by the actual projector position. You an also chose whether or not to mirror the output and the position in the preview window.
You would mirror the output and position when you are sending the output of a single FB3 to multiple scanners (multiple lasers) at either side of a stage. When this is selected, the preview window automatically duplicates and mirrors the output even though there is only one signal source for both scanners.
qs-projection-zone-preview
Note that with all of this flexibility, you can adjust the preview window for each zone to truly simulate what the show will look like in the final venue.
BEAM ATTENUATION MAP SECTION
The next section shows the Beam Attenuation Map section for the selected zone, and allows you to adjust it. The Beam Attenuation Map allows you to control the brightness of the beam over the entire projection zone and allows non-uniform brightness maps.
qs-projection-zone-bam
The Beam Attenuation Map is a 64 by 64 "pixel" brightness control map. Each pixel can be set to any brightness level from 0 to 100%. Rudimentary tools are provided to sample a brightness level in the map, fill the entire map with the selected brightness level, fill a rectangular area with the selected brightness level and freehand-draw brightness levels into the map.
The Beam Attenuation Map can be used for graphics, atmospheric and beam effects.
ADVANCED SETTINGS SCANNING PARAMETERS SECTION
The next section shows the "Advanced Settings" Scanning Parameters for the selected zone, and allows you to adjust them. These are advanced scanning parameters which are particularly well suited for zones used for targeted beam effects.
When the Prevent master size and master position check box is checked, it will make it so that the Master Size and Master Position controls in the Projector Settings window do not affect the output of this zone.
The Minimum number of points setting in the Projector Settings window can be adjusted to relieve the scanners from trying to scan high duty-cycle images that might cause power limiting. Setting the Minimum number of points to 200 or higher can actually increase the life of your scanners. However, doing so will mean that if you project less than 200 points, the additional points will be blanked. For beam frames, it is often undesirable to have any unintended blanking at all because such blanking would tend to reduce the power of the display. When the Prevent minimum number of points check box is checked, all scanner output will be dedicated strictly to producing laser output and the Minimum number of points setting is ignored.
qs-projection-zone-advanced-settings
RECOMMENDED USE OF THE FIRST EIGHT ZONES
Although we do not restrict the use of zones in any way, for maximum compatibility Pangolin recommends that the first 8 projection zones be used as follows:
Zone Scanner Name Comment
Zone 1 Scanner 1 Scanner 1 Main Used for most common output
Zone 2 Scanner 2 Scanner 2 Main Used for anything directed to scanner 2
Zone 3 Scanner 3 Scanner 3 Main Used for anything directed to scanner 3
Zone 4 Scanner 4 Scanner 4 Main Used for anything directed to scanner 4
Zone 5 Any scanner Secondary Graphics Used for a second graphics screen
Zone 6 Any scanner Raster Graphics Reduced in size used for raster graphics (retained for compatibility with LD2000 zones)
Zone 7 Any scanner Hot Beams Used for high-intensity beams which may or may not be directed within the audience area
Zone 8 Any scanner Atmospheric Effects Used for atmospherics and audience scanning (retained for compatibility with LD2000 zones)
Zone 30 Any scanner Targeted Beams Used for QuickTargets beams
CONTROLLING MULTIPLE LASERS
QuickShow allows you to control up to nine* separate FB3 laser controllers connected to the computer via USB (normally using one or more powered USB hubs). Simply connect multiple FB3s to the computer, and QuickShow will automatically recognize them, and place an icon in the status bar portion of the program.
(* Note that the number of FB3 that QuickShow can control depends strongly on the horsepower of your computer. The more FB3s you connect to a single computer, the faster your computer will need to be since QuickShow computes the output for all laser systems using the PC processor.)
First steps
Once you have connected more than one FB3 to your computer, you should do the following:
 1. Adjust the Projector Settings for each FB3 in order to optimize the settings for each projector.
 2. Adjust the Geometric Correction, and perhaps other parameters using the Projection Zones dialog box as explained above.
Once you have setup the projector settings and geometric correction for each projector, you can now direct QuickShow cues to the individual lasers using one of two methods:
 1. Specify which laser to use within the cue properties of each cue.
 2. Use "zone hot keys" to indicate where to send cues.
Specifying a projection zone within the cue properties
You can access the properties of each cue by right-clicking on that cue and choosing Cue Properties.
qs-cue-properties
The Projection Zones section controls the destination of the cue (i.e. where the cue will be routed once it is triggered). Note that you can specify that the cue be directed to more than one zone (i.e. laser) simultaneously, so if you check both the "Zone 1" and "Zone 2" boxes above, the cue will be directed to both lasers simultaneously.
You may go through each cue in the workspace and specify which zone (i.e. laser) you want to use for that cue. For certain applications, this makes sense, but greater flexibility is afforded by using "Zone hot keys".
Using "zone hot keys"
You may split the Laser Preview window into nine separate zones by right-clicking in the Preview Window and selecting "Show 9 zones".
qs-preview-9-zones
Once the Laser Preview window is split into nine zones, you may click the left mouse button on one of the zones, and, from that point forward, most laser cues will be directed to the zone you selected.
qs-9-zones-action
Two-handed keyboard control
Note that the layout of the nine zones is exactly like


I am in the process of finalizing an academic research paper and I am struggling to identify the correct hyphenation for the title:
Option 1: Adaptive Chirplet Transform-Based Machine Learning for P300 Brainwave Classification
Option 2: Adaptive Chirplet Transform Based Machine Learning for P300 Brainwave Classification
I have attempted to ascertain the correct or acceptable version of the title based on other academic papers that have a similar phrasing, but it seems as though both are commonly used.
Is one more correct than the other? For reference, I am at a Canadian University submitting to a conference hosted in Malaysia run by an international professional association (the IEEE).
'Machine learning' is modified by a two-word adjective. An adjective consisting of two or more words is called a compound adjective, and the individual components have to be joined with a hyphen.
'Transform-based' i.e. option #1 is the correct choice.
 - … except that it's actually a four-word adjective (see my answer). – Wrzlprmft Sep 3 '20 at 6:26
First of all, just so we are on the same page, you are doing machine learning that is based on a chirplet transformation, which is adaptive, right? I am asking this because for spelling (and understanding your actual writing) it is crucial to see which parts of your construct actually specify which other parts. Another way to see this is to bracket everything as much as possible. I here understand the correct bracketing to be:
{[Adaptive (Chirplet Transform)] Based} Machine Learning
So, the chirplet transform is adaptive, the entire thing describes based which in turn describes machine learning. Now, a simple rule of thumb is this: If any bracket closes before the end of the subject or object, everything within that bracket has to be hyphenated – unless it's an adverb ending on ly or a proper name. Here, the curly braces close before Machine Learning, and thus everything inside has to be hyphenated:
Adaptive-Chirplet-Transform-Based Machine Learning
That is of course very difficult to read (and not just because of the hyphens), so I suggest to change it to:
P300 Brainwave Classification with Machine Learning based on the Adaptive Chirplet Transform
Your Answer


Explore Related Concepts
what math word starts with the letter j
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Question:I'm doing a project where we have to define and give examples of a math word, sorta like a dictionary, but i can't find words for these letters... I'm in math analysis
Answers:From S. Krantz dictionary: assuming you don't include names: j: j-algebra, join( lattice theory), join irreducible element, joint proportion, joint spectrum k:k3 surface, k-compact group, k-complete scheme, kernel, k-isomorphism, k-form, k-rational divisor, k-rank, k-rational point, k-split, (most of these are from algebraic geometry) w: weak dimension, weak global dimension, weak convergence, wedge product, weight, weight group, weight function, well-behaved derivation, whole number, word, From CRC dictionary: jump( Turing jump) k-perfect number, well-ordered set, well-ordering,well-founded set, woset
Question:need to know a word related to math that starts with the letter j.
Answers:Julia set
Question:Im only in 8th grade and im doing an ABC book for math and i cant find j! I cant use realy complicated words. they have 2 be alegebra ones that are my level. It can be the first second or even third letter. first or second would be preffered. i realy need help! pleasee! thank you for your answers =] Not too difficult like realy easy words remember. like one on the 8th grade mcas if you know what that is
Answers:joint probability function A function that gives the probability that each of two or more random variables takes at a particular value. joint variation A variation in which the values of one variable depend upon those of 2 or more variables. Jordan curve A simple closed curve. Jordan matrix A matrix whose diagonal elements are all equal (and nonzero) and whose elements above the principal diagonal are equal to 1, but all other elements are 0. joule A unit of energy or work. jump discontinuity A discontinuity in a function where the left and righ-hand limits exist but are not equal to each other.
Question:it could be nay math term as long as it starts with the etter j thatnks so much for all your help......o yah and could u also help me were to look thanks bye lol....xoxoxoxx


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The Widerdonum
Princess Reisha
Plot Description
Set between the end of the First Rose War, and the Thorne Rebellion, is the story of Princess Reisha, the Nechteran Revolt, and the Widerdonum.
The Nechteran Revolt
A smaller kingdom bordering the Middle Kingdom, Nechtera is considered to be a snd rate power and not generally a threat to the great power of the Middle Kingdom. Yet events in Nechtera will threaten to plunge most of the continent into a bloody struggle that could take decades to be fought out. The Revolt begins as a basic peasant uprising caused by a combination of taxation and several years of moderate drought. As the peasants muster and throw out the tax collectors, there is a build up of levies and militia soldiers on the side of the Nechteran nobility. In most cases, such a revolt would be easily put down and end as a minor footnote in the ledgers of history, but such would not be the case.
A traitor in the Royal Court does the unthinkable, he assassinates most of the entire royal family. The King of Nechtera, Thetavra the Wise suffers the most painful death as he is horrificly and slowly mutilated with a ceremonial sword of his King's Elite Guard. The rest of the royal family and most of those in line for the throne of Nechtera die from poison. The Poinson Tasters never knew that their vessels were treated with the antidote to the poison, thus protecting them while the unadulterated poison went on to slay those of noble blood.
This Revolt then took on a new aspect as the death of most of the Royal family shook the morale of the Royalists, and gave new fire to the rebels. It seemed that the commoners would rise up to eclipse the divine mandate of the nobility to rule. Many of the nations and Kingdoms that bordered Nechtera made plans to invade the small kingdom and put down the peasant revolt with their own troops, but faltered. Such an act of war would be nothing more than an act of war and might galvanize their own peasantage to rise up as the Nechterans had. Instead, the various nobles and the Blue faction of the Middle Kingdom's court produced an heir and avatar of their faction; Princess Reisha.
Now only 2nd in line to the throne, and with the first person missing and presumed slain, she had a right of succession to return to Nechtera and assume control of the nobility that remained. As a symbol of her right to rule, she carried an heirloom of the Nechteran Kings, a Dwarven Bow of sublime craftsmanship and unequalled power. This bow had been passed down from generation to generation, tracing it's way back to the first King of Nechtera and their ancient alliance with the dwarves of the mountains.
The Staging Point
Most of the events above will take place before the PCs become involved and will be backstory elements. Much of it may be well known, such as the peasant revolt, and the assassination of at least the King of Nechtera. Those with better connections might know the full extent of the assassin's attack. Those with political connections and noble influence might know that several other Kingdoms have begun to muster loyal forces to put down the Nechteran revolt if it threatens to spill out of the small kingdom, though at the moment their hands are tied by a grudging respect for the law and fear of causing the revolt to spread even faster than it already has.
Princess Reisha has arrived in the border city of Menethor, less than half a day from Nechtera. The mood in the city is tense, and the main tavern of the city is a simmering pot of apprehension and anxiety. In addition to reports of rebels siezing and burning Noble carvans and wagons, their are also reports of looting, pillage, and murder pouring out of Nechtera, along with a good stream of refugees who only wish to escape the fighting with their lives and a bit of their prosperity. On the other side, a full division of footmen have gathered under the tenative command of the Princess, as well as several dozen knights of the Blue and Green noble factions.
The Princess doesnt wish to agitate the matter any further and feels that if her intelligence is correct, the remaining Royalist forces can put down the revolt with a minimum of bloodshed or outside assistance. She doesnt wish to she her homeland ravaged by any more conflict than it has already faced. To this end, she is taking a small group of highly skilled professionals (IE the PCs) with her to assist in the operation and will send for the bulk of her forces only if dire need presents itself. As a symbol of her desire to rejoin the estranged peasantage and the nobility, she has since requisitioned and donned the armor of the folk hero and knight Errant, Huran.
A Bitter Homecoming
Crossing into Nechtera with the PC party and perhaps a dozen other mounted warriors, mostly green and blue knights, but a single yellow garbed advisor as well, they encounter signs of battles. There are refugess on the road, bandits are operating more openly and brazenly then ever, and there might even be a combat heavy encounter with an outrider band of Peasant Marauders. The scene in the capital is bittersweet. The locals cheer for the return of their loved princess, but there are signs that the city itself has seen heavy fighting, and the Royalist forces remain demoralized and lack any sort of strong leadership.
The Campaign that follows consists of gathering the Royalist Troops and rallying them under Princess Reisha and her cadre of professionals and knights. The first orders of conflict are clearing the roads of bandits, a task that she might send for her Middle Kingdom troops to take care of under the auspice of the bandits raiding across the border. The next order of action involves the PCs leading elements of the Royalist forces against rebel strongholds, and doing search and destroy missions against the more mobile forces of the Rebels. Eventually the campaign should end with a siege of the Rebel's last stronghold with the final goal being the capture of the rebel leaders and the end of the revolt.
The Revolt is more than a simple peasant uprising against what is percieved to be noble excess in a time of near famine. The conditions were right, and various members of the Yellow Faction, growing weary of Reisha and her Green's interference and outrage over her turning the rule of the Middle Kingdom over to the Viceroy after the First Rose war, inflamed the conflict. Using their merchant contacts, the Yellow faction funneled cheap weapons and armor into Nechtera, along with discrete mercenary advisors to train the peasantage into a half-way functional force that might overthrow the hide-bound aristocracy of Nechtera. The end goal was for a radical change in Nechtera's political alignment, bringing them away from the traditional viewpoint of the blues with strong Green tendancies firmly into the progressive clutches of the Yellow faction.
It is also the Yellow faction that has done much work to keep other kingdoms at bay while their experiment boils furiously. Discovering that Princess Reisha herself is going to attempt to quell the affair has them almost giddy. with the Princess away and heading into a danger zone, the Yellows are freed from higher level of scrutiny. To take advantage of this, they secretly have an assassin or two hired to attempt to kill the Princess in the field, but it has to look like she was killed in combat.
Expanding the scenario
The quelling of the Nechteran Revolt is a look into the dichotomy of Noble right to rule versus the radical idea of rule by the people. While Reisha will wish to support and protect the common people, she does so out of Noblesse Oblige, not out of a democratic spirit. It is the duty of the noblity to protect the common people, and to be worthy of their fealty, just as the common people have the duty of serving the nobility and being worthy of their protection. The entire campaign has a heavy military and combat theme, with the two factions squaring off across the kingdom.
Once Reisha is in charge, and the Royalists rallied under her and the PCs (now military advisors and leaders) the battles will quickly turn against the revolting peasants. The Royalists are better trained, better armed, and more experienced. The Peasants have larger numbers, but almost non-existant discipline and lack morale in large scale battles. The end of the campaign should have the peasants surrendering in large numbers, a few fighting a slowly failing guerilla war against the Royalists and an increasingly pressed strongpoint for the remaining rebels.
If the PCs are very successfull in routing the peasants, and preventing the last stronghold from becoming a siege situation, they should be able to secure agents of the Yellow Faction before their escape. If a siege results in taking the last rebel city/fortress, the Yellow agents will escape and aside from the standard espianoge and court back-stebbery no one will be the wiser to their machinations. Unless the siege turns into an absolute abattoir or lasts more than a year, they will find a prisoner being held since the


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|OS:||Linux, Mac OS X, Windows|
log2timeline is designed as a framework for artifact timeline creation and analysis. The main purpose is to provide a single tool to parse various log files and artifacts found on suspect systems (and supporting systems, such as network equipment) and produce a body file that can be used to create a timeline, using tools such as mactime from TSK, for forensic investigators.
The tool is written in Perl for Linux but has been tested using Mac OS X (10.5.7 and 10.5.8). Parts of it should work natively in Windows as well (with ActiveState Perl installed).
log2timeline takes a log file (or a directory) and parses it to produce a body file that can be imported into other tools for timeline analysis. The tool has both a modular based approach to the input file as well as the output file. The default behavior of the current version is to export the timeline in a body format readable by TSK's (The SleuthKit) mactime (although this can be easily changed). log2timeline is build as a series of scripts, this one being the front-end, which uses other scripts to actually parse the log files (called modules). The tool is build to be easily extended for anyone that wants to create a new module.
The tool contains (current version of 0.51 nightly build (20102608)) three front-ends:
- log2timeline - The main front-end. A tool capable of parsing a single log file/directory pointed to the tool using a selected input module.
- timescanner - A recursive front-end capable of parsing a directory passed to the tool and recursively go through each and every file/dir and try to parse it with every or selected input modules (to provide an automatic method of creating a super timeline).
- glog2timeline - A simple GUI front-end, with similar capabilities as log2timeline (the main front-end)
Currently Supported Input Modules
The currently supported input modules (as of version 0.51 nightly build (20102608)) are:
- apache2_access - Parse the content of a Apache2 access log file
- apache2_error - Parse the content of a Apache2 error log file
- chrome - Parse the content of a Chrome history file
- evt - Parse the content of a Windows 2k/XP/2k3 Event Log
- evtx - Parse the content of a Windows XML Event Log (EVTX) file
- exif - Extract metadata information from files using ExifTool
- ff_bookmark - Parse the content of a Firefox bookmark file
- firefox2 - Parse the content of a Firefox 2 browser history
- firefox3 - Parse the content of a Firefox 3 history file
- iehistory - Parse the content of an index.dat file containg IE history
- iis - Parse the content of a IIS W3C log file
- isatxt - Parse the content of a ISA text export log file
- mactime - Parse the content of a body file in the mactime format
- mcafee - Parse the content of a log file
- opera - Parse the content of an Opera's global history file
- oxml - Parse the content of an OpenXML document (Office 2007 documents)
- pcap - Parse the content of a PCAP file
- pdf - Parse some of the available PDF document metadata
- prefetch - Parse the content of the Prefetch directory
- recycler - Parse the content of the recycle bin directory
- restore - Parse the content of the restore point directory
- setupapi - Parse the content of the SetupAPI log file in Windows XP
- sol - Parse the content of a.sol (LSO) or a Flash cookie file
- squid - Parse the content of a Squid access log (http_emulate off)
- syslog - Parse the content of a Linux Syslog log file
- tln - Parse the content of a body file in the TLN format
- userassist - Parses the NTUSER.DAT registry file
- volatility - Parse the content of a Volatility output files (psscan2, sockscan2,...)
- win_link - Parse the content of a Windows shortcut file (or a link file)
- wmiprov - Parse the content of the wmiprov log file
- xpfirewall - Parse the content of a XP Firewall log
Currently Supported Output Modules
The currently supported output modules (as of version 0.51 nightly build (20102608)) are:
- beedocs - Output timeline using tab-delimited file to import into BeeDocs
- cef - Output timeline using the ArcSight Commen Event Format (CEF)
- cftl - Output timeline in a XML format that can be read by CFTL
- csv - Output timeline using CSV (Comma Separated Value) file
- mactime - Output timeline using mactime format
- mactime_l - Output timeline using legacy version of the mactime format (version 1.x and 2.x)
- simile - Output timeline in a XML format that can be read by a SIMILE widget
- sqlite - Output timeline into a SQLite database
- tab - Output timeline using TDV (Tab Delimited Value) file
- tln - Output timeline using H. Carvey's TLN format
- tlnx - Output timeline using H. Carvey's TLN format in XML
Plaso - The next generation
Version 0.x Log2timeline has been extremely useful but it was written in Perl and has performance limitations. A major effort to re-write it in Python is underway and alpha releases have been released.
For version 1.x the plaso engine has been created and front-ends have been written. The CLI frontends include log2timeline.py and psort.py. A gui front-end is provided by 4n6time.


Brochure | December 19, 2013
RF Cosite Modeling Software: EMIT Brochure
Source: Delcross Technologies
EMIT is simulation software used to predict electromagnetic interference (EMI) in complex RF environments containing multiple transmitters and receivers.
EMIT provides a framework for managing RF system performance data, simulating cosite and coexistence EMI effects, and mitigating EMI issues, resulting in a comprehensive database/model maintainable over the life of a multi-RF system platform or vehicle. It takes a unique multi-fidelity approach to predicting RF cosite/coexistence interference to provide rapid identification and "root-cause" analysis of EMI issues in complex RF environments.
Access Content RF Cosite Modeling Software: EMIT Brochure


text:
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"Simply" is an adverb; it modifies verbs, adjectives, etc. "Simple" is an adjective; it modifies nouns. In normal speech, the signifier "simply" is used to mean "without excess" or "without complication" and is a way for the speaker to indicate that the speech or act referred to is without guile, without any complicated subtext: "This dessert is simply delicious" would mean that the speaker is giving the dessert his/her unqualified approval, without any other descriptors (sweet, tart, crispy, etc.). "Simple" as an adjective refers to the state or condition of an object or act: "It comes with simple directions." The word "simple" also is sometimes used to refer to a person's mental capacity, as a criticism: "Don't take him seriously; he is simple." In Shakespeare's Sonnet 138, the line, "Simply I credit her false speaking tongue:" means that the speaker is taking her utterance at face value, naively (some "translations use 'foolishly'), without assigning any duplicitous motives to his love.
"Simple" and "simply" are different parts of speech. They are related - kind of like members of a family - but can't quite do the same jobs.
"Simple" is an adjective. That means it describes a noun (a person, place, thing or idea). Here is an example phrase:
"A simple task" - The noun is task, and simple describes what kind of task.
Another meaning of "simple" is "ignorant". It is sometimes to describe someone with low IQ, usually in older books or papers. The word is not commonly used in this way anymore. An example phrase for this meaning of "simple" would be "a simple man" - a man who is ignorant.
"Simply" is an adverb. It modifies a verb (an action word) and describes how something is done. Other examples of adverbs are quickly, anxiously, happily and earnestly. Adverbs frequently end with -ly, which is a clue if you are trying to determine what part of speech a word is.
Here are some examples of the adverb simply used in sentences:
"She decorates her house simply." - "Decorates" is a verb, and "simply" describes how she decorates.
"He simply said no." - "Said" is a verb, and "simply" describes how he said no.
If you get stuck on the difference between similar words, you can check the dictionary. It will tell you what part of speech each word is, which should give you a clue as to how they are different and how to use them correctly.
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Safe Storage of Bulk Materials in Silos
29 December 2013
The storage of bulk materials (be they chemical, food, mineral or biomass) in silos is a fairly commonplace event in many industry sectors.
However, for some types of material a combination of bulk particulate characteristics, 'standard' design of storage equipment and poor operational practice can combine to create significant hazards.
HazardEx 2014 conference speaker
**This paper will be presented at HazardEx 2014, contact us for details of the available delegate packages & offers**
When these factors come together a significant risk to the safe operation of the silo can develop – which can have the potential to lead to structural implosion or other structural damage.
Equally the presence of fugitive dust in the form of a suspension or deposition can also represent considerable risk through the potential for dust explosion. In most instances losses are limited to plant and materials, however on occasion such failures have led to loss of life or injury to personnel.
This paper will review some of the most dominant contributory factors and discuss routes towards risk mitigation for new build and plant life extension schemes.
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PTJ Manufacturing Shop
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The difference between alloy steel and tool steel
The difference between alloy steel and tool steel
Other alloy elements (such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, copper, tungsten, aluminum, cobalt, niobium, zirconium, and other elements), and some steels that also contain certain non-metallic elements (such as boron, nitrogen, etc.). According to the content of alloy elements in steel, it can be divided into low alloy steel, medium alloy steel and high alloy steel.
The difference between alloy steel and tool steel1. Steel means that the steel contains no alloys other than alloy elements such as silicon (generally does not exceed 0.40%) and manganese (generally does not exceed 0.80%, and the higher content can reach 1.20%), which is involved in deoxidation. Elements (except scrap elements) of steel. According to the unevenness of the content, it can be divided into low carbon steel (carbon content is generally less than 0.25%); medium carbon steel (carbon content is generally between 0.25% and 0.60%); high carbon steel (carbon content is a show It was 0.60%).
But there is no harsh border between them.
2. Definition of alloy steel: steel containing other alloy elements is alloy steel. The total content of alloy elements can reach 10 ~ 28%, which is high alloy steel.
Alloy steel, in addition to iron and natural elements in steel, also adds other alloy elements in order to change or improve certain characteristics of steel. For example, CrNiMnMoWVB. In addition to iron and carbon, some other metals are intervened in alloy steel to change the function of the material. The effect of chromium is to make steel resistant to corrosion, and the effect of nickel is to reduce the austenitizing temperature of stainless steel.
3. Definition of tool steel: Machining tool steel does not contain other alloy elements; tool steel is also a steel with a carbon content of less than 1.35%.
Tool steel, that is to say, except for the iron element, the material is generally only natural elements of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur, and no other alloy elements are added.
4. The difference between alloy steel and tool steel: tool steel does not contain useful alloy elements, but alloys with iron, carbon and manganese as the primary elements. Mechanical performance is generally inferior to alloy steel. In addition, the price of tool steel is much lower than that of alloy seamless steel pipe. From the above two points, Gusu alloy steel suppliers believe that the performance of alloy steel exceeds tool steel is the biggest difference.
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Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
- Rhymes: -eɪʃən
indentation (plural indentations)
- The act of indenting or state of being indented.
- A notch or recess, in the margin or border of anything; as, the indentations of a leaf, of the coast, etc.
- A recess or sharp depression in any surface.
- The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph.
- A measure of the distance from the flush line; as, an indentation of one em, or of two ems.
notch or recess in a margin or border
recess or sharp depression in a surface
act of beginning a line at a distance from the flush line


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Social-science migrating field station: monitoring the Human-Rangifer link by following herd migration
The aim of this project is to establish mobile field-stations as an innovative research instrument for long-term comparison of human-Rangifer interactions in the subarctic zone. The primary focus of observation is the human-Rangifer link under current impact of socio-economic and climate change. Establishing a mobile observation facility ('nomadic camp') offers the best possibilities for long-term observation in the natural environment of the tundra. Thus, researchers use the same practice of following herds that most Rangifer users themselves have used for centuries. The trajectory of the mobile station is determined by the annual migration of a chosen Rangifer herd. The data is recorded in a standardized form, dealing with impact/response description related to socio-economic and climate change, respectively. This data is transmitted from the field on a web-site of the project at regular sessions. After completion of the first migration in the center of the Kola Peninsula (NW Russia), the station shall be made available to other researchers of the human-Rangifer link. Every effort shall be made to continue the work of the station on a longitudinal basis, inviting the cooperation of interested sub-arctic oriented institutions.


text: A Tucson-based non-profit organization, Watershed Management Group (WMG), is pursuing the sustainable development of local resources with the long-term vision being an improved quality of life for the greater community. WMG has developed several public demonstration sites around Tucson through outreach workshops involving local businesses, community organizations, schools, homeowners, and many others. The demonstration sites showcase rainwater harvesting efforts integrated with native landscaping, local food production, energy conservation, waste reduction, and community building. Public response to participate in the workshops has been excitingly overwhelming; not only are homeowners and businesses interested in harvesting water, there is also a substantial number of Neighborhood Associations who are seeking avenues to implement water harvesting techniques. The substantial response from the community to participate in the demonstration sites indicates the need to provide more participatory educational opportunities to the community, and in particular to improve lowcost methods of urban resource conservation to ensure integration of these principals in lower income neighborhoods.


regenerate your wordlist, do the following:
DELETE FROM search_words;
INSERT INTO search_words (word) SELECT DISTINCT lower(word) FROM (SELECT unnest(regexp_split_to_array(lastname, E'\\\\W+')) AS word FROM people) words WHERE word IS NOT NULL AND length(word) > 3;
What that does is explode the lastname field out into words (in case a lastname is multi-word), where each word is its own record. It also filters out excessively short words (optional). It then inserts these into the search_words table, which has a trigram index. So, now, if you want to fuzzy-match individual words, you can use the search_words table!
Anyway, additional fun can be had by using unaccent to remove accents before all of this processing, or other fun to massage your data however you feel is best. The important thing is that, for all but the most strenuous data sets, we can now keep all of the searching located within the database itself, managed by database tools, without having to rely on external search engines such as Lucene, which take time, management, machine power, and their own sets of headaches. Lucene itself often has to be hand-rigged for large datasets even. I am a big believer in pushing as much data work to the database as possible, and PostgreSQL keeps pushing the bar higher!


How to delete a module from Vtiger CRM (5.0.4. to 6.x)
~ 0 min
12-05-2015 04:54
Here I am showing an example of how to delete a module named as testModule from Vtiger 5.0.4.
Simply deleting the files from modules folder associated with a particular module won't delete it completely. But deleting the files is also required. The best way to realize that is, try to reinstall the module, you will get the message that the module exists. In order to delete a module follow the steps given below.
Create a file named delete_testModule.php and put it in the root directory of Vtiger CRM.
Paste the following code into that file delete_testModule.php:
 $Vtiger_Utils_Log = true;
 $module = Vtiger_Module::getInstance('testModule');
Execute the file delete_testModule.php. Once it is done delete the files associated with the testModule from modules folder in the root directory.
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The Japanese squirrel ( Sciurus lis) is a tree squirrel found on the islands of Japan and some surrounding smaller islands. It lives in forests as well as suburban areas such as parks. It eats nuts, seeds and fruits. The average life span for them is 2-3 years but they can live up to 10 years in captivity.
They tend to gather in groups and like to make their homes inside hollowed trunks and other types of holes they find, however once mating season comes around they will fight over any available space that has one opening big enough for them all to fit into at once. They are very territorial creatures and can be observed chasing each other away from food sources or sleeping spots if another tries to encroach on their territory


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Spotting weapons in baggage x-rays and preventing traffic jams; cutting-edge Southampton research to be highlighted at a prestigious national exhibition
Two international teams from the University of Southampton have been selected to present their research at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition, which opens its doors today (5 July 2011).
Efficient airport security
Dr Tamaryn Menneer and colleagues are conducting research about efficiency in security baggage checks. Their findings could be used to reduce the amount of time passengers spend queuing through security control.
"Standing in the queue at airport security waiting to have our belongings scanned is a familiar experience for many people. I think visitors to the exhibition will find it interesting to stop and think about what X-ray screeners are actually seeing and how the human brain makes sense of it," comments Dr Menneer.
Airport security staff, or 'screeners,' monitor X-ray images of baggage to search for multiple types of weapons: guns, knives and explosives. The materials (metals and explosives) show up as different colours, but searching for these different colours at the same time creates a potential challenge for the brain's visual system.
By monitoring eye movements, the research team from the University of Southampton's Centre for Visual Cognition and the University of Massachusetts, has shown that searching for two different colours simultaneously is more difficult than looking for a single specific colour. One implication of the findings is that searches might be quicker by having two screeners, each tasked with spotting one type of weapon.
Future research from the Centre for Visual Cognition and Durham University's Visualization Laboratory will assess the usefulness of 3D images in training participants to interpret X-ray images.
21st century traffic control – the invisible referees
Have you ever wondered if there is anything that can be done to reduce traffic jams? Believe it or not this is a question occupying some of the brightest minds in the UK.
At the University of Southampton, researchers develop mathematical models to predict how traffic jams build up, including the mysterious motorway gridlock that appears for no reason.
In future these models will be used to program traffic control office computers, which, for example, adapt traffic light timings in order to smooth the traffic flow.
Led by Professor Eddie Wilson, from the University's Transportation Research Group, the team employs cutting edge sensing, computing and communications technology in order to monitor and improve traffic flow.
Professor Wilson explains: "When you drive to work, little do you know that there are teams of people working behind the scenes to ensure that your journey runs as smoothly as possible. Researchers in Southampton are conducting extensive work to try and reduce congestion, which causes frustration for drivers and impacts upon the economy and the environment.
"By using mathematical models and computer simulation to identify and solve problems, we can help our road networks run more efficiently. "
Both these research projects will be exhibiting interactive displays at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition in London between 5 -10 July 2011. Entry is free: for more information visit: _URL_


text:
WebUpd8 Reader Jim Bauwens sent us a small but very interesting script. The script uses NotifyOSD and displays a message (see the screenshot) when someone logs in to your computer (remotely or local), or when a terminal session is started.
The script can also notify you by email using sendmail. You'll of course need to set that up but we have a post on that - for using it with Gmail (it's quite easy - just make sure you create a new Gmail address just for this task because the password will be saved in plain text): Use Gmail To Send Emails From A Terminal (Shell)
Using the script
1. Install libnotify-bin:
sudo apt-get install libnotify-bin
2. Download the script and then make it executable by right clicking it, then go to the "Permissions" tab and check the "Allow executing file as program" box.
3. Add the script to your startup applications: go to System > Preferences > Startup Applications, click "Add", then browse for the script and give it a name. That's it!
4. Optional: If you want to be notified by email (make sure you set that up first - read the beginning of the post), you'll need to edit this part of the script:
and set the variable "mail" to "1" and "mailto" to your email adress.
Credits for the script (and many thanks!): Jim Bauwens


fildred13 fildred13 - 1 year ago 24
HTML Question
Why can't I use part of this AJAX response?
I have a jQuery ajax call:
$.ajax ({
url : 'foo/bar/',
success: function(data) {
console.log(data);
var newHeaderText = $(data).find('#header-text').text();
$("#header-text").text(newHeaderText);
var newContent = $(data).find('#content').html();
console.log(newContent);
$("#content").html(newContent);
}
});
The logged
data
successfully shows the complete html of the target page.
The
header-text
section works as expected.
The
console.log(newContent)
, however, returns
undefined
. Short of posting the entire html of
foo/bar/
here, suffice it to say that I am quite sure a div of id
content
is in
data
, and that it has many child elements.
Why is my attempt at grabbing the content of one page and plopping it into the content of another page not working. It is especially confusing to me as
header-text
seems to work just fine.
Answer
You could try $.parseHTML instead:
var newContent = $($.parseHTML(data)).find('#content');
If #content is a top-level element, then the above code might still miss it. You could then solve this by first loading the HTML in container, and then find the element in there:
var newContent = $('<div>').append($.parseHTML(data)).find('#content');


text:
Do termites inhibit the germination and growth of nearby plants?
During field trips around Ongava, we see some termite mounds surrounded by areas of bare ground, while other mounds have shrubs, trees and grasses growing nearby. Why the difference, and could the soil around the bare mounds contain a substance that inhibits plant growth?
Between November and December 2021, we ran some experiments to test this hypothesis. We sampled 9 mounds from different areas of Ongava, taking soil from 7 locations at each mound: 1 from the center of the mound, 2 samples at its bare base, 2 where grass was growing closest to the mound, and 2 control samples 10 m away from the mound. The 2 paired samples were on opposite sides of each mound. After sieving the soil samples to remove any seeds already present, we split each sample equally among 4 pots and planted 20 seeds of Enneapogon cenchroides (a common, vigorous grass growing on Ongava) in each pot. A total of 252 pots were planted this way and kept in a greenhouse kindly constructed by our technician Simeon Naholo, to preserve moisture in the air and prevent the soil from drying out and compacting. The pots were frequently watered.
We predicted that there will be little or no germination nor growth in the pots containing soil from the center and base of the mounds, but we expected high rates of germination in the pots containing soil sampled from the grassy and control areas.
We now need to give time for germination to occur and be sure that no more germination can take place before analyzing the results. Perhaps the sampling, choice of grass seeds and growing conditions could be improved, and so this experiment might be seen as a trial-error to guide us in designing better experiments.
Author: Elizabeth Nelao Shangano


text:
The Reversing Falls Bridge traverses the Saint John River in New Brunswick and is one of only two bridges connecting the east and west sides of the City of Saint John. The Saint John Water Utility operates a 484 mm diameter welded steel water main suspended beneath the bridge which provides potable water from the east side to some consumers on the west. Due to recent issues with the pipeline and the need to rely on this critical pipe for many more years into the future, it was originally planned to replace this pipe. After extensive research, it was decided to rehabilitate the existing water transmission main by means of a fully structural cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) liner.
- Website: _URL_


text:
We're on the subject of viscosity maintenance again, and for good reason too. The matter is one that needs to be addressed year round, in both hot and cold weather. However, this time we're talking about maintaining the proper viscosity of your liquids under all perceivable circumstances, whether in room temperature, on cold or hot days.
Viscosity Maintenance Has Two Sides
In previous articles, we've discussed viscosity maintenance as it applies to maintaining low viscosity levels in your liquids through the use of Powerblanket® heating products. Of course, the reason we've talk so much about this is because it's pertinent to so many scenarios. However, maintaining low viscosity levels is only half the story when it comes to the entire viscosity conundrum. Some operations and product maintenance require the other side of the spectrum. In other words, Powerblanket can help with maintaining high viscosity levels as well.
If you store or use liquids that need to be very low in viscosity, then Powerblanket heating solutions can help you keep your liquids at temperatures high enough to keep the viscosity of the liquid very low. But, if the opposite challenge is your concern, Powerblanket can help there too. Our new Powerblanket ICE cooling products can keep your liquids cool enough to maintain high viscosity levels, even in really hot weather.
If the liquids you're storing are at risk of losing their viscous qualities when the temperatures rise, then Powerblanket ICE is going to be an invaluable ally for your operations. Powerblanket ICE comes in three performance levels and will help you keep your liquids cool and viscous, even in really hot weather.
- Keep your liquids cool during hot weather, maintaining viscous qualities and eliminating spoiled product
- Eliminate downtime associated with lost viscosity and the need for expensive cooling interventions
- Increase output and profit by increasing operational efficiency
Powerblanket ICE Features:
- Powerblanket ICE uses Powerblanket patented heat-spreading technology in reverse to draw heat away from the container and cool the contents inside.
- Powerblanket ICE covers and insulates your container with the same robust system used in the Powerblanket heating products.
- All three performance levels of Powerblanket ICE, the ice pack, ice box, and chiller-driven systems are portable (120VAC required).
- Powerblanket ICE allows you to control the temperature of bulk materials with ease:
- Increase yields (Bulk materials that sit at high temperatures will reduce yield for most viscous liquids. With Powerblanket ICE, you can bring the temperature down, and keep it there.)
- Maintain the viscous quality of your liquids
- Decrease operational inefficiencies
- Blankets can be left installed and running while bulk material containers are in use.


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Pugs are a small-sized breed. Although some pugs can be bigger, skinnier, fatter, smaller or taller than others, they are more or less similar in size (if purebred). But, when are pugs full grown i.e. when do pugs stop growing?
Pugs are full-grown after 9 months when they stop growing, whether in weight or height. Pugs usually reach adulthood when they are 1 year old. Sexual maturity comes before physical maturity (6 to 9 months old).
Let's see what to expect and get a bit into their growth stages.
Pug Growth Stages from Birth to Full Grown
Pugs are small dogs and they belong to the toy group.
Most pugs are born via cesarian (C-section) due to dystocia – a medical term used to diagnose a difficult birthing experience. Brachycephalic and toy breeds are predisposed to have a difficult birth because of the size of their head and narrow female pelvis.
Usually, a pug litter size is between 2 to 5 puppies, the average being 4 pups per litter.
Your pug will go through 5 puppy growth stages:
- The neonatal stage: Birth to 2 weeks of age.
- The transitional stage: 2 to 4 weeks of age.
- The socialization stage: 3 to 12 weeks of age.
- The ranking stage: 3 to 6 months of age.
- The adolescence stage: 6 to 18 months of age.
Here's what to expect for each stage:
The Neonatal Stage (Birth to 2 Weeks)
During the neonatal stage:
- Puppies are blind, deaf, and toothless.
- Touch and taste are immediately present after birth.
- Their mother has the most influence over the puppy. She will feed them and keep them warm too.
- Puppies will mostly nurse and sleep during this stage.
The Transitional Stage (2 to 4 Weeks)
At the transitional stage:
- Their sense of hearing and smell will develop.
- Their eyes will open and will develop.
- Puppies teeth will begin to appear.
- Also, puppies will start to move. They begin to stand, take their first steps, wag their tail, and even bark.
- A puppy's behaviour will be influenced by the mom and littermates.
The Socialization Stage (3 to 12 Weeks)
This stage is key for socialization, like the name indicates, and is the period when a puppy goes through rapid development.
During the socialization stage, the highlights are:
- By 3 to 5 weeks, play becomes important as puppies become aware of their surroundings.
- From weeks 3 to 4, pups develop control over their bladder and bowel movements. This is when they start learning to leave their sleeping area before relieving themselves.
- From 4 to 6 weeks, pug pups start learning dog social skills such as play, interaction with littermates, the inhibited bite, etc. Pups also explore their social boundaries, how to communicate effectively with other dogs and improve physical coordination.
- From the 4th week, puppies begin forming emotional attachments and bonds with the people around them. A good time to meet your future pup. 🙂
- By 5 to 7 weeks, a puppy needs positive human interaction as he or she develops curiosity and explores new experiences.
- Between 6 to 8 weeks, puppies should start receiving vaccinations (source: American Kennel Club).
- By week 8, puppies are fully weaned off their mother's milk and eat solid food. After being fully weaned, pups start to be ready to leave their canine birth family and go to their new human homes.
- By 7 to 9 weeks, puppies can begin to be housetrained, including potty training.
- At 9 to 12 weeks, puppies can start learning basic commands as they start focusing on people (their new parents).
- Socialize your pug daily. Although the first 14 to 16 weeks of your puppy's life can be considered to be your dog's socialization period, it's beneficial to keep exposing your pug to new things.
The Ranking Stage (3 to 6 Months)
At the ranking stage:
- Between 3 to 6 months of age, pugs start teething. It will last for several months.
- You are the main influencer for your pup.
The Adolescence Stage (6 to 18 Months)
The adolescence stage is the last development step:
- Between 6 to 9 months of age, sexual maturity in puppies typically occurs.
- After 9 months, growth slows down and by the age of 1, pugs reach adulthood and their full height.
Read also: Pug Teething Stages and 3 Tips to Stop Chewing.
When Do Pugs Stop Growing?
After 9 months of age, pugs will stop growing and can be considered fully-grown whether in weight or height. By the time they are 1 year old, pugs reach adulthood.
Sexual maturity, on the other hand, usually comes before physical maturity. Female pugs go into their first heat cycle (known as estrous) when they are 6 to 9 months old. After that, female pugs are able to get pregnant.
Male pugs, however, generally gain full reproductive capabilities when they are between 6 months to 1 year old.
The pug breed is in his or her prime between 1.5 to 7 years. Afterwards, they will be considered senior dogs. Their life expectancy is between 13 to 15 years (source).
How Big Do Pugs Get When Fully Grown?
Pugs reach their full size around nine months of age and their growth slows down. You might not see big changes from 9 months old until they reach 1 year old, but some do continue filling out until they are a year old.
On average, pugs get 10 to 13 inches (25 to 33 cm) tall and weigh between 13 to 18 pounds
(5.89 to 8.16 kg) when fully grown.
If you got your Puggy from a breeder, you can always check with them since they can orient you about how big your pup will get by looking at both parents' weight and size charts.
Pug Growth Chart
Mature pugs of both sexes are usually close in height and weight.
When fully grown, pugs are generally between 10 to 13 inches in height (25-33 cm).
According to the AKC breed standard, both male and female pugs should ideally weigh between 6.5 kg (14.3lb) and 8.5kg (17.6lb). Pugs outside of this range may be classed as under-weight and over-weight.
Check with your vet to get an accurate diagnosis since more athletic pugs will have bigger muscles and will weigh more.
However, if your pug starts looking like a big barrel, you should really start getting concerned. Check out our Is My Pug Overweight? An Obesity Check & 8 Weight Loss Tips blog post for further advice on this matter.
This chart will give you a guideline for what to expect regarding how fast your Pug grows and how quickly he will gain weight.
|PUG AGE||PUG HEIGHT||PUG WEIGHT|
|8 weeks||*||2-4 pounds |
|6 months||10-13 inches |
|7-12 pounds |
|1 year||10-13 inches |
|13-18 pounds |
Note that if you have a half-bred pug or cross-breed, your doggy's size will be determined by both parents breed traits.
Using the Dog Size Calculator
The puppy growth calculator is powered by Omni Calculator, and they couldn't make it any simpler! All you need is to fill in your puppy's age and weight (choosing the metrics of your choice), and the dog weight estimator will process these details of your puppy to its adult weight.
Your dog's adult weight will then be displayed as a range e.g. 13 – 18 lb, also telling you what size type your dog will be and what they can measure up to in height, from paw to shoulder e.g. 18 in (45.7 cm) of height.
Try it out below:
Teacup Pug Size
When researching the pug breed, I came across teacup pugs.
But, what is a teacup pug?
Teacup Pugs are not a recognized breed and are the result of breeding small size pugs and Teacup Chihuahuas. They are also known as Chug or Pughuahua.
Dwarfism is a genetic defect in dogs and is not a trait to be encouraged when breeding pugs (or any other breed, for the matter) since it prioritises aesthetics, not the dog's health.
Breeding teacup or miniature pugs is unethical and also a harmful practice. These pugs have fragile health and are even more prone to developing serious health problems. Due to their poor health, teacup pug's life expectancy is between 6 to 10 years.
So what size is a teacup pug?
Teacup Pugs can be as small as 1.5kg (3.3lb), literally small enough to fit in a teacup, hence the name. Usually, a full-grown adult will weigh 1.36- 4.50 kg (3-10lb) (source).
Pug Life Expectancy
Wondering what is the lifespan of the Pug breed?
Since Pugs are a smaller dog breed, they are likely to have a longer life expectancy than you would see in larger dog breeds.
Pugs life expectancy is between 13 to 15 years, but this will depend on how


text:
Museum in a Box - Minibeast
Boxes are currently available each school term for set loan periods of three weeks. Museum in a Box can be sent to and collected from any educational institution within New South Wales.
The Minibeasts box is a resource designed specifically for Early Childhood. The topic was chosen to complement children's fascination with creatures that they find in their environment. It includes a great variety of 'treasures' - real insects and spiders embedded in resin, a large model ant, insect finger puppets, handmade silk butterfly wings, a specially created wooden ladybug puzzle, posters and books.
- 8 real insects and spiders embedded in clear plastic
- A large ant model, great for investigating body parts and as a drawing stimulus 'Magnetic minibeasts', 3 sets of magnetic minibeasts with a magnet board
- The 'Food Game'; designed as a simple introduction to food webs
- The 'What am I?' game; a simple classification activity
- 2 silk butterfly wing dress-ups, made especially for the box
- A handmade original wooden Ladybird puzzle, a sensory delight!
- A shiny green dung beetle hand puppet
- 12 finger puppets just for fun!
- Minibeast posters and reference books
- Teachers notes and a Box Journal
Karen Player, Manager Museum Outreach


text:
Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations
Jaffe et al. present an economic analysis that purports to show support for geographic localization of knowledge and the existence of spillovers. The article looks at patent citations and finds that citations to patents are more likely to be domestic than foreign and more likely to be from the state or even from the same metropolitan area. They find that this localization fades over time but does so slowly.
The paper begins by pointing out that there has been a large literature on knowledge spillovers but that there is very little evidence as to where this knowledge goes. The authors suggest that spillovers will be geographically correlated.
Most of the paper is an in-depth description of the empirical methods that used the authors employ and to overcome challenges in, for example, assigning a geographic location to a patent or creating a group of control patents that can control for the fact that innovation in particular areas or fields may tend to cluster geographically and that this should not necessary be taken as evidence of spillovers. The authors create a group of control patents which are on the same topic and filed for at the same time and use these as a means of controlling for existing geographic concentration of research.
The results that the authors find are strong: citations are 5-10 times as likely to come from the same metropolitan area as control patents. Although this effect fades over time, it is robust to the addition of time. Also of interest, the authors find little difference between citations of university and corporate patents.
Theoretical and practical relevance:
This article has been cited more than 3,000 times and is a core citation in the literature on patents in practice, spillovers, and geographic localization of knowledge which, over time, has been a field of growing importance in economics, in innovation studies, and in strategy. It also provides a solid set of methodological contributions to the literature on innovation and intellectual property using patent citation data.


text:
Ostia to Rome distance, location, road map and direction
Ostia is located in Italy
at the longitude of 12.29 and latitude of 41.73. Rome is located in Italy
at the longitude of 12.5 and latitude of 41.9.
- Driving Distance : 30 KM and 871 meters / 19.2 miles.
- Straight Line Distance : 25 KM and 900 meters / 16.1 miles.
- Travel time : 0 hours and 30 minutes.
- Direction and bearing : North East side, 42 degree.
Distance between Ostia and Rome
The total straight line distance between Ostia and Rome is 25 KM
(kilometers) and 900 meters. The miles based distance from Ostia to Rome is 16.1
miles. This is a straight line distance and so most of the time the actual travel distance between Ostia and Rome may be higher or vary due to curvature of the road.
The driving distance or the travel distance between Ostia to Rome is 30 KM and 871 meters. The mile based, road distance between these two travel point is 19.2 miles.
Time Difference between Ostia and Rome
The sun rise time difference or the actual time difference between Ostia and Rome is 0 hours, 0 minutes and 50 seconds
Ostia and Rome time calculation is based on UTC time of the particular city. It may vary from country standard time, local time etc.
Ostia To Rome travel time
Ostia is located around 25 KM away from Rome so if you travel at the consistent speed of 50 KM per hour you can reach Rome in 0 hours and 30 minutes. Your Rome travel time may vary due to your bus speed, train speed or depending upon the vehicle you use.
Midway point between Ostia To Rome
Mid way point or halfway place is a center point between source and destination location. The mid way point between Ostia and Rome is situated at the latitude of 41.816930102015 and the longitude of 12.391181156223. If you need refreshment you can stop around this midway place, after checking the safety,feasibility, etc.
Ostia To Rome road map
Rome is located nearly North East
side to Ostia. The bearing degree from Ostia To Rome is 42 ° degree
. The given North East direction from Ostia is only approximate. The given google map shows the direction in which the blue color line indicates road connectivity to Rome. In the travel map towards Rome you may find en route hotels, tourist spots, picnic spots, petrol pumps and various religious places. The given google map is not comfortable to view all the places as per your expectation then to view street maps, local places see our detailed map here.
Ostia To Rome driving direction
The following diriving direction guides you to reach Rome from Ostia. Our straight line distance may vary from google distance.
Travel Distance from Ostia
The onward journey distance may vary from downward distance due to one way traffic road. This website gives the travel information and distance for all the cities in the globe. For example if you have any queries like what is the distance between Ostia and Rome? and How far is Ostia from Rome?. Driving distance between Ostia and Rome. Ostia to Rome distance by road. Distance between Ostia and Rome is 25 KM / 16 miles. distance between Ostia and Rome by road. It will answer those queires aslo. Some popular travel routes and their links are given here :-
Travelers and visitors are welcome to write more travel information about Ostia and Rome.
- It can be your previous travel experience between Ostia and Rome.
- Available transport routes to reach Rome like train routes, bus routes, air routes and cruise routes.
- Tourist places or any other important places on the routes between Ostia and Rome.
- Hotels, restaurant information on the way to Rome.
- Photos related to Ostia and Rome or en route.
- Travel queries and other relavent information related to this page.


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Copland may refer to:
- Copland (surname)
- Copland River in New Zealand
- Copland (crater), a Mercury crater
- 4532 Copland, an asteroid named after Aaron Copland
- The unreleased Copland operating system project at Apple Computer
- Aaron Copland, American 20th-century composer
- Copeland (disambiguation)
- Cop Land, a 1997 movie starring Sylvester Stallone, Robert De Niro and Harvey Keitel
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Copland.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


text:
Translation skill—Shift of perspective (II )[gallery] Second, it is sentence component shift. Sentence component shift refers to one component for the English sentence shifts to the other component of the Chinese sentence. The shift of sentence component ranges from subject, predicate, object, attributive, adverbial to complement. A. You can always tell the somebodies from the nobodies at a cocktail party. The somebodies come late.在鸡尾酒会上人们常常可以看出大人物和无名小卒来。那些 迟到的就是大人物。（Here the subject shifts to predicative, and the predicate shift to subject） B. Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable. 他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。 ( Here the adverbial shifts to the predicate ) C. Her presence of mind had not completely deserted her; but she could not have trusted herself to speak. 她还没有完全失去镇静，一时却又找不出话可说。 ( Here the subject " her presence of mind " shifts to the object and the object " her" shifts to the subject) Third, expression mode shift. The differential expressions between English and Chinese results from their distinctive emphasis points. To overcome all these differences and make the translated text be consistent with the customs of the local people, it is necessary for us to transfer this expression mode into the other one. A. There are some measuring units in English, such as score, dozen, decade, quarter, just to name a few, which there is no respective expression in Chinese, so when translating these measuring units into Chinese, we have to shift them. Eg: Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.100 年以前，一位伟大的美国人签署了解放 宣言，我们现在就站在他象征性的庇荫中。 ( Here we have to shift score into twenty years, since there is no respective expression of score in Chinese.) B. As we know, English native speakers and Chinese always express things from different perspectives, that is these two language speakers always emphasis differently when describing the same thing, so when we are translating, we should pay attention to expression customs of the target language, and we need to make the translated text clear and nature to its readers. Eg: She has been a widow only for six months. How do we translate this sentence into Chinese? The source sentence describes the husband's death from the angle the wife. If we translate it according to the expression of the source sentence, then the translated text would be "她只当了 6 个月的寡妇。". When we Chinese see this sentence, we obviously will feel uncomfortable, because it is not accordant to our expression customs. We may even confused that had the wife married another man after her husband just died for half a year. To avoid this confusion, we should shift the English expression mode into Chinese. The correct one is " 她丈夫死了至今才不过半年。"
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