See Hawk for other articles with titles that contain, either by relationship or by coincidence, this character's surname.
Sean Liam Hawk (also known as Neal Hawk or Ren Hawk) was a human male in Starfleet in the 24th century. He was descended from early Martian settlers who had fought in the War of Martian Independence.
Biography[edit | edit source]
He was born in Bradbury City on Mars, the third son of Rhyst and Camille Hawk. His parents taught him and his brothers to savour life, and they grew up to have wanderlust and great passion for life.
Starfleet career[edit | edit source]
At Starfleet Academy[edit | edit source]
Hawk entered Starfleet Academy as soon as he was old enough, and excelled academically, leading his instructors to believe he had an eidetic (photographic) memory. He was also recognized for his athletic and interpersonal skills. (TNG - Section 31 novel: Rogue)
One of his close friends at the Academy was Linda Addison, with whom he shared an interest in rock climbing and 19th century American literature, and a common taste in men. After graduation, they maintained regular if somewhat occasional contact.
Hawk also attended advanced training flight school at Jupiter Station, and finished first in his class. One of his classmates was Dan Duvall with whom he formed a friendly but competitive relationship. (TNG - Slings and Arrows eBook: A Sea of Troubles)
After graduation[edit | edit source]
While at the Academy, Hawk fell in love with a fellow cadet named Logan with whom he had a year long relationship, however after their graduation, they were separated when they were assigned to different vessels. Not long after, Logan perished when his ship, the USS Barbados, was destroyed in a fight with Cardassian forces. (TNG - Section 31 novel: Rogue)
Hawk's first assignment was as conn officer onboard the USS Yorktown under Captain Kentrav's command. (TNG - Section 31 novel: Rogue)
He then transferred to San Francisco Fleet Yards, where he worked on the construction of a Sovereign-class starship which would become the USS Enterprise-E. (TNG - Slings and Arrows eBook: A Sea of Troubles)
While on shore leave on Risa in 2371, Hawk decided to explore a crystal cave. While climbing, he lost his footing and fell. He broke his leg, but was noticed by fellow Starfleet officer Ranul Keru who carried Hawk to a medic then took him to dinner that night. The two began a romantic relationship.
USS Enterprise-E[edit | edit source]
Early missions[edit | edit source]
When the Enterprise-E commissioned in 2372, both he and Keru managed to secure postings on the vessel, with Hawk becoming the ship's helmsman. (TNG - Section 31 novel: Rogue)
Later that year, after Captain Jean-Luc Picard took command of the Enterprise, Hawk found himself assigned many extra duties seeing much command potential in him.
Following a combat exercise with the USS Samson Hawk was reunited with his old friend Linda Addison who was assigned to the Enterprise as chief of security, but found her behavior suspicious. Following the Samson's destruction Hawk's suspicions led him to conclude that Addison was in fact a Changeling infiltrator who killed her and hid her body on Vulcan that was later located by Lieutenant Dan Duvall.
Captain Picard named Hawk acting security chief and put him in charge of capturing the infiltrator while he attempted a diplomatic solution. Their combined effort helped trick the Changeling into escaping the ship with false intelligence about Enterprise' capabilities. (TNG - Slings and Arrows eBook: A Sea of Troubles)
A few weeks later, he piloted a shuttle craft through an asteroid field with Lieutenant Padraig Daniels to apprehend Captain Ishmael Snowden who was responsible for the murder of Admiral Eric Hahn and the bombing of Starbase 375 in support of Admiral James Leyton's attempted coup. (TNG - Slings and Arrows eBook: The Oppressor's Wrong)
Section 31[edit | edit source]
Later that year, the Enterprise was dispatched on diplomatic mission to Chiaros IV following the disappearance of the USS Slayton in the system. The inhabitant of Chiaros IV were divided into two warring groups and was about to vote on joining the Federation or the Romulan Star Empire. Hawk was approached by Ambassador Aubin Tabor, who revealed himself as an agent of Section 31 and tried to recruit him. Tabor's persuasive argument left him conflicted on the matter of joining the shadowy organization in protection of the Federation. Never the less, he swore to the ambassador not to discusse it with anyone until he made his decision, who in turn explained that his true mission is to keep Chiaros IV out of the Federation and find his associate Commander Cortin Zweller who was the science officer of the Slayton. Shortly after this, Tabor was killed when the first peace talk between the two Chiarosian group turned into a bloodbath.
Unsure what to do, Hawk decided to keep Tabor's secret and help in the rescue of the handful of survivors kidnapped from the Slayton's crew, among them Zweller, to get some answers. He joined a rescue team consisting of Admiral Marta Batanides, Captain Picard and Doctor Beverly Crusher. They infiltrated the headquarters of the Army of Light, a Chiarosian militaristic movment that was secretly aided by the Romulan Tal Shiar. They managed to free their comrades and escape the compound in Romulan scout ship, and Zweller's true allegiance came to light and was arrested upon arriving on the Enterprise.
Ultimately, the crew of the Enterprise discovered to Romulans true interest in the system, a subspace singularity, that would provide the Romulan Empire with immense amounts of power that would help them conqer the galaxy. Hawk along with Picard and Data embarked on a mission to neutralize the singularity. After Data and Picard were incapacitated, but Hawk was able to keep the attacking warbird at bay, until his colleague recovered enough to complete their mission.
After the Enterprise departed the Chiaros system, Hawk discussed his dilemma regarding Section 31 with his partner, Ranul Keru, he decided to talk with Zweller and determine what the organization is truly capable of to defend the Federation. After their talk, Hawk came to the conclusion that Section 31 is willing to cross too many lines in the name of protection and revealed everything he learned to Captain Picard. (TNG - Section 31 novel: Rogue)
In early-2373, Hawk and Keru attended a theater performance directed by Doctor Crusher. After a after a great deal of badgering during their dinner, Keru managed to talk Hawk into trying out for a role in the next performance. The following day, he expertly navigated the Enterprise through the Badlands to rescue Captains Jean-Luc Picard and Benjamin Sisko from a trap set by rogue members of the Klingon High Council. (TNG - Slings and Arrows eBook: Enterprises of Great Pitch and Moment)
Death and legacy[edit | edit source]
In the days following, disobeying the direct orders of Admiral Jeremiah Hayes, the Enterprise joined the fleet that defeated the Borg cube that headed for Earth. During their subsequent travel into the past, the Borg attempted to takeover of the Enterprise and assimilate Earth.
When the crew learned that the Borg wanted to use the ship's deflector dish to contact the Collective, Hawk volunteered to accompany Captain Picard in stopping them. He was attacked during the EVA maneuver by a Borg drone who injected him with nanoprobes. Though the assimilation wasn't complete, he fell under the control of the collective and gained the designation 1701-E 587M. Unable to resist the instructions, Hawk tried to kill Captain Picard, but he was shot by Lieutenant Commander Worf before he could. The pain from the injury momentarily disrupted his connection with the Borg and he regained enough control to deactivate his mag-boots, thus his body drifted away from the ship. With the growing distance, Hawk was disconnected from the Collective and he was able to take one final look at the Enterprise before dying with a free mind. (TNG movie: First Contact; TNG short story: "A Private Victory")
In the years following Hawk's death, his partner Ranul Keru still had not fully accepted it, felling that he could have been saved. Hawk returned to him in the form of dreams to comfort his coping loved one. (DS9 - Worlds of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine novel: Trill: Unjoined, TTN novel: Taking Wing)
During in his career, he distinguished himself with his display of superior reflexes and dedication. As of stardate 50368.0, he had earned twenty-three separate commendations from his superiors. (TNG - Section 31 novel: Rogue)
Starfleet service record[edit | edit source]
location assignment dates rank or rate assignment insignia rank insignia
Starfleet Academy student officer 2360s cadet Assignment badge. Collar insignia.
USS Yorktown flight controller ensign Collar insignia.
lieutenant Collar insignia.
San Francisco Fleet Yards / USS Enterprise-E construction engineer c.2370-2372
Assignment badge. Collar insignia.
USS Enterprise-E flight controller 2372-2373
Collar insignia.
Appendices[edit | edit source]
Connections[edit | edit source]
Preceded by:
Primary flight controller of the USS Enterprise-E
Succeeded


Melting snow creates flooding crisis across Scotland
UK Today News: As temperatures rose rapidly in Scotland on Friday, the melting snow caused some chaos in the region and created floods throughout the country. Many schools and offices which were shut down over the past week due to excessive snowfall, reopened yesterday, and so did roads and railway routes.
The sudden rise in the temperature to 20 degrees has resulted in damaged pipes, flooded roads had disrupted normal traffic on the roads. The access to the Edinburg airport was reportedly closed due to flooding and created chaos for those who were due to catch their flights.
Many streets in Scotland had been closed, after fears that falling snow would hurt someone passing on the street. On Thursday morning, water from a burst water pipe filled Glasgow's Saltmarket. The water had destroyed several computer systems and phones.
The temperature compared to last week was 20C warmer in some parts of Scotland.
13 + 11 =


text:
Tips of troubleshooting for needle bearing
Needle bearing fault diagnosis technology mainly includes vibration diagnosis technology, ferrography diagnosis technology, temperature diagnosis technology, acoustic diagnosis technology, oil film resistance diagnosis technology and optical fiber monitoring and diagnosis technology. Among them, vibration, iron spectrum, and temperature diagnosis technology are widely used.
Vibration diagnosis technology
When the working surface of the needle roller bearing element is subject to fatigue peeling, indentation or local corrosion, a periodic pulse signal will appear during operation of the needle roller bearing. This periodic signal can be received by a sensor (speed type or acceleration type) mounted on the bearing housing, and the failure of the needle roller bearing can be diagnosed by analyzing the vibration signal.
Features: Vibration diagnosis technology is widely used; online monitoring can be realized; diagnostics are fast and diagnostic theory is mature.
Applications: Particularly suitable for fault monitoring of needle roller bearings in rotating machinery.
Iron spectrum diagnosis technology
Roller bearing wear particles are closely related to their working conditions. The lubricating oil with wear particles passes through a strong magnetic field, under the action of a strong magnetic field, the abrasive particles are deposited on the iron sheet in accordance with certain rules, and the ferrogram can be qualitatively observed on a ferrospectroscope or tested on a quantitative instrument. , According to this judgment needle roller bearing working condition.
Features: Machine does not need to disintegrate; Low investment, good effect; Can find the early fatigue failure of needle roller bearings; Can do wear mechanism research.
Application: Fault diagnosis for needle bearings lubricated with lubricating oil is difficult for grease-lubricated needle roller bearings.
Oil film resistance diagnosis technology
With a well-oiled needle roller bearing, there is a large resistance between the inner and outer rings due to the action of the oil film. Therefore, by measuring the resistance of the inner and outer rings of the needle roller bearing, the abnormality of the needle roller bearing can be judged.
Features: The same criteria can be used for different working conditions. The diagnosis of abnormalities such as surface peeling, indentation, and cracks is poor.
Application: Suitable for applications where the rotating shaft is exposed.
Any question , feel free contact
Previous: Tips for adjusting bearing clearance

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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XLeratorDB/math Documentation
SQL Server ROW function
MROW
Updated: 31 January 2012
Use the scalar function MROW to return a row from the string representation of a matrix.
MROW expects a string representation of the matrix, with columns separated by commas and rows separated by semi-colons.
Syntax
SELECT [wctMath].[wct].[MROW](
 <@Matrix, nvarchar(max),>
 ,<@m, int,>)
Arguments
@Matrix
a string representation of a matrix.
@m
The row number. Row number is a 1-based index.
Return Types
[nvarchar](max)
Remarks
· The string representations of @Matrix must only contain numbers, commas (to separate the columns), and semi-colons to separate the rows.
· Consecutive commas will generate an error.
· Consecutive semi-colons will generate an error.
· Non-numeric data between commas will generate an error
· Non-number data between semi-colons will generate an error
· To convert non-normalized data to a string format, use the Matrix2String or the Matrix2String_q function.
· To convert normalized data to a string format, use the NMatrix2String or the NMatrix2String_q function.
· @m must be greater than or equal to 1.
· If @m is greater than the number of rows an error message will be generated.
· To determine the number of columns in the matrix, use the MROWS function.
Examples
Let's assume that we had the following matrix, A, and we want to return the fifth row.
A = [-79,-45,9,9,-91,-5;68,46,9,81,-61,35;83,-25,80,-67,-22,-38;77,40,-24,69,73,-20;-17,-72,-9,-72,-6,-34;64,-47,48,-54,18,11;-4,-36,7,-56,-34,-3;-41,90,78,-43,38,64;-60,-85,-31,-83,-96,-36;-40,31,-93,-62,64,10]
We could enter the following SQL to perform the calculation.
DECLARE @A as varchar(max)

SET @A = '-79,-45,9,9,-91,-5;68,46,9,81,-61,35;83,-25,80,-67,-22,-38;77,40,-24,69,73,-20;-17,-72,-9,-72,-6,-34;64,-47,48,-54,18,11;-4,-36,7,-56,-34,-3;-41,90,78,-43,38,64;-60,-85,-31,-83,-96,-36;-40,31,-93,-62,64,10'

SELECT wct.MROW(@A, 5) as [Row]
This produces the following result.
Row
---------------------
-17,-72,-9,-72,-6,-34
The matrix does not have to be assigned to a variable before passed into the MROW function; the string can be passed in directly.
SELECT wct.MROW('-79,-45,9,9,-91,-5;68,46,9,81,-61,35;83,-25,80,-67,-22,-38;77,40,-24,69,73,-20;-17,-72,-9,-72,-6,-34;64,-47,48,-54,18,11;-4,-36,7,-56,-34,-3;-41,90,78,-43,38,64;-60,-85,-31,-83,-96,-36;-40,31,-93,-62,64,10', 5) as [Row]
This produces the following result.
Row
---------------------
-17,-72,-9,-72,-6,-34
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text:
Effect of cooling rate during solidification of Aluminum - chromium alloy
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering.
MetadataShow full item record
Controlling the distribution of alloying elements in aluminum casting and designing new processing practices are supported by an enhanced understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of solidification at industrial scales. While the behavior of eutectic forming elements such as copper has received a lot of attention, the interactions of peritectic-forming elements such as chromium is understudied. We herein use a time-dependent nucleation model for the calculation of the incubation time of nuclei in the liquid. This characteristic time is computed at various temperatures, and the results are presented in the form of a time-temperature diagram. Liquid phase thermodynamics of dilute compositions in the aluminum-chromium system are experimentally informed using the electrochemical potential difference method. Thermodynamic data obtained from these investigations are used to inform physical properties of the aluminum-chromium melt. The aforementioned time-temperature diagrams are recalculated using experimental data and theoretical cooling rates for phase selection are calculated. Critical cooling rates calculated from the model are applied to industrially relevant practices such as DC casting and Twin roll casting.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis. Page 86 blank.Includes bibliographical references.
DepartmentMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Materials Science and Engineering.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Newark Basin
The Newark Basin is a sediment-filled rift basin located mainly in northern New Jersey but also stretching into south-eastern Pennsylvania and southern New York. It is part of the system of Eastern North America Rift Basins.
A USGS geological map of New Jersey and the surrounding region; the Newark Basin is outlined in white
USGS Stratigraphic Column of the Newark Basin
Share this article:
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Newark Basin, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.


text:
This four-day workshop in Charleston, SC focused on practical
techniques and procedures used in amphipod taxonomy and
identification. Through a series of presentations, demonstrations,
and hands-on exercises, participants gained knowledge and
expertise on the biology, ecology, and behavior of this
diverse and abundant peracarid crustacean group. The instruction
methods of Dr. James D. Thomas emphasized a blend of traditional
taxonomic methodology and the tools of modern technology.
Upon completing the workshop, participants were able to
readily identify and diagnose amphipod crustaceans, as well
as prepare identification guides and keys. (click
here for agenda)
James D. Thomas, Nova Southeastern University
Richard Heard, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, University
of Southern Mississippi
Sara LeCroy, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory,
University of Southern Mississippi
The workshop was conducted at the Marine
Resources Research Institute, SCDNR, at Ft. Johnson,
near Charleston, SC.
To obtain further information
Contact Dr. Rachael King:
Photos from the workshop
Dr. James Thomas and Dr. Rachael King discuss amphipod morphology
Dr. Rachael King presenting amphipod morphology material
Sara LeCroy prepares a specimen for viewing on the video
Students using the workshop manual and other keys and guides
to identify specimens.
Students examining amphipod specimens.
Assistants Joe Cowan and Nadia Meyers select live amphipods
collected from the field trip to use in lab practical session.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Regulations are essential part of the internal law of libraries as an effective tool for preparing suitable environment for reading. It also explains the relationship between the library and the users.
- The name of the regulation and its commencement:
This regulation called the regulation of University of Bahri Libraries, and it will be enforced from the date of signing by the director of the university.
In this regulation, unless the context has another meaning, these words have the following meanings:
- The regulation: it means the regulation of Bahri University libraries.
- The University: means University of Bahri.
- Central Library: means the Central Library of Bahri University.
- Libraries: means the branch libraries of Bahri University.
- Electronic Libraries: the electronic library of Bahri University.
- Library Services: mean the services provided by the libraries.
- Professor: Means University appointed professor.
- Collaborating Professor: professor from outside the university.
- Post-Graduate Student: the student registered in post graduate studies in Bahri University or other university.
- Student: the registered student n Bahri University.
- External Student: the student from other universities.
- Library Card: the card issued by the library.
- College Card: the card issued by the college for both student or professor.
- External Student Card: the card issued by the libraries deanship for the students from outside the university.
- External Lending: lending of books to be used outside the library.
- Internal Lending: lending of reserved book to be used in the library.
3. Opening hours:
All libraries will be opened all the week except in the official holidays, and the opening hours will be as follows:
3.1. From 8:00 am to 2:30 pm.
3.2. From 9:00 am to 1:00 pm on Saturday.
3.3. Increasing the opening hours of the library on the evening of examination days, according to the special situation of each college. This will be determined by the Dean of Libraries in consultation with the Dean of concerned college.
3.4. The Dean of the college shall bear the cost of excess hours of the official working hours.
4. Library membership:
4.1. Library membership will be given to the professors and the registered students.
4.2. Library membership is also available for the students from outside the university according to certain rules.
5. Card Issuing Rules:
5.1. New Card:
5.1. In case of issuing a new card, the following should be Tken in consideration:
5.1.1. Present a valid college card.
5.1.2. Bring two passport size photos.
5.1.3. Pay the card issuance fees determined by the library administration.
5.2. Card renewal:
5.2.1. The card should be renewed annually with 50% of issuance fees.
5.3. Missing card.
5.3.1. In case of card lost the librarian should be notified.
5.3.2. To replace the lost card a missing certificate should be issued from the student college and double fees should be paid.
6. Library Services:
- Lending should be limited to the professors and the university staff.
- The professor, the collaborating professor and the technician have the right to borrow maximum two book for two weeks.
- The university staff has the right to borrow one book for one week.
- Lending rules:
- Borrowing must be with the library card.
- External lending should in the morning shift only.
- Reference books such as; (encyclopedias, dictionaries, atlases, maps, rare books collections and most used books) should not be borrowed.
- It is not allowed to borrow a new book unless the borrowed books are returned.
- It is not allowed to renew the b0rrowing of a book if it required by another user.
- If the user wishes to renew the borrowing, he should notify the librarian and the borrowing should be for one time.
- It is not allowed to photocopy the damaged books.
- Photocopying services is provided from 9:00 to 12:00 am.
- There is a fees for the photocopying service determined by the library administration.
6.4. Photocopying Rules:
6.4.1. Researches and dissertation photocopying is not allowed.
6.4.2. Photocopying service is allowed for all users.
6.5. Electronic Library Service:
6.5.1. The electronic library service is limited to the professors, post-graduate students, university staff and fifth year students,
6.5.2. The electronic library is only for research and scientific purposes.
6.5.3. It is allowed to search on the Internet according to the rules.
6.5.4. It is not allowed t use the internet for social media sites or any other purposes other than the scientific purposes.
6.5.5. It is not allowed to use CDs or flash memory except under the supervision of the responsible technician.
6.5.6. In case of encounter any problem; the technician instructions should be followed.
6.5.7. Only three hours is allowed for professors.
6.5.8. Two hours for post-graduate students and the University staff.
6.5.9. one hour for the fifth grade students.
6.5.10. The responsible person has the right to reduce the hours in case the library is overcrowded.
6.5.11. University of Bahri Colleges Administration is allowed to use the library and conference halls or training courses after paying fees identified by the library administration.
7. Controls of Library Collections :
- Library Holdings:
- It is not permissible to include among the books and information medias contained in the library what is inconsistent with the scientific facts, or thee religious, political, social or historical values of the community, or what is not compatible with the scientific and cultural level of students and researchers.
- The library should not contain books and information Medias that have defects in quality, colors or other technical or physical defects.
- The library's collection should not contain computer-printed books or memo sheets unless they are issued by the publisher and meet the applicable procedures.
- The library should acquire one copy from each book. More than one copy also, can be purchased, if necessary, but the number of copies should not exceed five copies.
- The Dean of libraries, upon the recommendation of the Dean of the college, may purchase a maximum of ten copies of books that are written by the university staff.
- The library accepts gifts and donations of books and periodicals as well as money.
- The library material should not be donated or exchanged except after a recommendation from the Dean of libraries and approval of the University Director.
- Allocation of a percentage of the library's annual budget for binding.
- The intellectual property rights should be respected.
- Inventory of the central library's holdings should be done every three years and branch libraries every two years, or whenever is necessary, and the inventory should be carried out by a committee during the holiday.
- Lists and minutes of inventory should be written by the committee to explain the lost and damaged materials and other notes.
- The committee submit its recommendations with lists of inventory to the Dean of libraries.
- The originals of the lists and minutes of the inventory should be kept and copies of them should be sent to the University Director.
- Library Holdings:
- The university professors and staff will have clearance after they obtain clearance the libraries of their colleges and the central library.
- After the end of the study period, the student is given a clearance certificate from the library of his college and the central library.
- A patent certificate given to student after registering for a master or doctorate degree by research from post-graduate college according to the approved and registered research lists.
- After the discussion of thesis, the student must submit a copy with CD to college library and other copy with CD to central library.
10. Rules of Using Library:
- It is not allowed for users to use the library unless they have membership card.
- Adhere to the directions of librarian.
- Library users are obligated to put their bags and other belongings in the designated place.
- Valuable things should not be left in bags, and the library administration is responsible of losing them.
- Displaying books from outside the library to the librarian while entering and leaving the library.
- Its forbidden to enter the library with any materials that cause losses to the library materials.
- Calm and non-disturbance must be observed inside the library and around.
- The cell phone should be in the silent mode.
- It is not allowed to operate the air conditioners, fans or computers without permission from the librarian.
- It is not allowed to move any of library furniture.
- It is not allowed writing on books and reading tables, or tearing pages from books or periodical or damage any of the library property.
- It is not allowed to reserve places in the library by putting things on it.
- Eating, drinking and smoking is not allowed inside the library.
- It is forbidden to sleep or sit in appropriately in the library.
- Leave books on the table after finishing them.
- It is not allowed to put posters on the walls of the library.
- The library must be kept clean.
- Students from outside the university are not allowed to enter the library during the examination period.
11. Penalties and Fines:
- Anyone who steals, tears, or damages library properties is prohibited from entering the library for the duration of the study.
- Anyone who is late from photo for the first fixed time will be warned, and those who are lat for the second fixed time will be prevented from photos.
- Anyone who loses the bag's shelf label will be warned for the first time, and will prevent to put


text:
Comprehensive decision analytical modelling in economic evaluation: a Bayesian approach.
Decision analytical models are widely used in economic evaluation of health care interventions with the objective of generating valuable information to assist health policy decision-makers to allocate scarce health care resources efficiently. The whole decision modelling process can be summarised in four stages: (i) a systematic review of the relevant data (including meta-analyses), (ii) estimation of all inputs into the model (including effectiveness, transition probabilities and costs), (iii) sensitivity analysis for data and model specifications, and (iv) evaluation of the model. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the individual components of decision modelling, outlined above, may be addressed simultaneously in one coherent Bayesian model (sometimes known as a comprehensive decision analytical model) and evaluated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation implemented in the specialist software WinBUGS. To illustrate the method described, it is applied to two illustrative examples: (1) The prophylactic use of neurominidase inhibitors for the prevention of influenza. (2) The use of taxanes for the second-line treatment of advanced breast cancer. The advantages of integrating the four stages outlined into one comprehensive decision analytical model, compared to the conventional 'two-stage' approach, are discussed.
Cooper, NJ; Sutton, AJ; Abrams, KR; Turner, D; Wailoo, A
Volume / Issue
Start / End Page
Pubmed Central ID
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)


text:
the name "TRAPEZOID" suggests, I first had the image of a trapezoid
form in rotation. So, the bezel is cut deeply, and a tachymeter is
provided on it. Numbers are proportioned like speed limits painted on a
road surface - stretched in height to be readable normally when viewed
from the front, despite their steep angles around the circumference.
It's a familiar scene and effect, and I've used it now in combination
with chronograph functions. In the same way, fashion and motor sports
are unified via the use of strong color contrasts; for example, yellow
numbers against a red face, and yellow-green against a blue face."
- Naoto Fukasawa - Trapezoid Designer
chronograph face looks like a functional dashboard. The numbers of a
tachometer are engraved on the side of the bezel. While some of the
numbers on the side of the bezel are upside down, they are in fact
oriented so as to be readable normally when viewed from the top.


text:
Structural phase transformations of silicon during nanoindentation were investigated in detail at the atomic level. The molecular dynamics simulations of nanoindentation on the (100) and (111) surface of single crystalline silicon were simulated, and this supported the theoretical prediction of the anisotropic behaviour of structural phase transformations. Simulations showed that microscopic aspects of phase transformation varied according to the crystallographic orientation of the contact surface and were directly linked to the slip system of silicon. In the transformed region along the centreline, the crystalline structure of Si-II and the amorphous structure were observed when silicon was loaded in the and directions, respectively. Simultaneously, metastable phases with fourfold coordination, such as Si-III and Si-XII, were formed by the inhomogeneous distortion in the slip direction of silicon and observed along the direction. Additionally, our results indicated that the deviatoric stress added to the hydrostatic pressure induced by loading was an indispensable factor for the structural phase transformation to Si-II during nanoindentation on the (100) surface.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Materials Science(all)
- Mechanics of Materials
- Mechanical Engineering
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering


Learn Chemistry Online Notes & Technology Articles
Hydrogen Spectrum Quiz Questions 129 Tests pdf Download
Learn quiz on hydrogen spectrum, chemistry quiz 129 to practice. Free chemistry MCQs questions and answers to learn hydrogen spectrum MCQs with answers. Practice MCQs to test knowledge on hydrogen spectrum, properties of cathode rays, classification of solids, boiling points worksheets.
Free hydrogen spectrum worksheet has multiple choice quiz questions as fourth series which is obtained in hydrogen spectrum is, answer key with choices as lyman series, balmer series, brackett series and pfund series to test study skills. For eLearning, study online atomic structure multiple choice questions based quiz questions and answers.
Quiz on Hydrogen Spectrum Quiz pdf Download Worksheet 129
Hydrogen Spectrum Quiz
MCQ. Fourth series which is obtained in hydrogen spectrum is
 1. Lyman series
 2. Balmer series
 3. Brackett series
 4. Pfund series
Properties of Cathode Rays Quiz
MCQ. Magnetic properties of cathode rays were discovered in
 1. 1897
 2. 1890
 3. 1895
 4. 1870
Classification of Solids Quiz
MCQ. Number of chloride ions occupying NaCl crystal are
 1. 4
 2. 5
 3. 6
 4. 8
Classification of Solids Quiz
MCQ. Ionic crystals usually cannot conduct electricity in
 1. solid state
 2. molten state
 3. liquid state
 4. none
Boiling Points Quiz
MCQ. Boiling point is temperature when vapor pressure of liquid become equal to
 1. external pressure
 2. internal pressure
 3. mercury pressure
 4. container pressure
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Developer Guide
CraftAR Management API curl examples
icon Date Developer Guide
icon Date Dec 22, 2020
icon author Catchoom Team
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In certain circumstances you may find yourself needing to use a raw cURL request to interact with our Management API. If that's the case, you can use the examples in this article to help you out. Take into account that we strongly recommend using our native CraftAR-PHP and CraftAR-Python libraries to interact with our Management API instead of using cURL.
The scenarios for which we'll be showing examples are:
You need Python and the command line tool jq to run these examples. A full script with all the examples can be found here. The code for each example is written in Bash script and can be executed from your command line or saved in a Bash script file separately and executed as long as you include the utility methods from the full script. They each assume that there is an environment variable available called APIKEY which has the value of your account's API Key that you can get here after logging in with your account.
Create a Cloud Collection
This example creates a Cloud Collection called "My Collection".
Create an On-Device Collection
This example creates an On-Device Collection called "My Collection" by submitting the "offline" parameter set to "true"
Create an IR (Image Recognition) Item
This example creates an Image Recognition Item called "My Item" in the Collection we created previously.

Create an AR (Augmented Reality) Item
This example creates an Augmented Reality Item called "My Item" in the Collection we created previously.
Create an AR (Augmented Reality) Item with Custom Contents
This example creates an Augmented Reality Item called "My Custom Content Item" in the Collection we created previously and specifying the JSON content which describes the scene for the Augmented Reality. In this example we're adding an image content and a video content which includes a transparency mask. Read this article to learn how to describe contents programmatically in our JSON format. To know more about how we support videos with transparency in the CraftAR Service and in the SDKs, see how to add videos with transparency to Augmented Reality with CraftAR .
Create an Image for an Item
This example creates an image on CraftAR from the file called myimage.jpg in the directory where the script is run. The image is associated to the Item we created in the previous examples.
Associate an Application ID to a Collection
This example associates an AppID to an existing collection. In this example we are using the previous On-Device Collection created, but it would also work with any Cloud Collection.
Obtain SDK Version Resource URI to create an On-Device Bundle
This example retrieves the Resource URI for a given SDK Version to be used to create an On-Device Bundle.
Create an On-Device Bundle
This example creates an On-Device Bundle for an existing collection and associated AppID.
Regenerate an On-Device Bundle
This example forces a regeneration of an existing On-Device Bundle by using the same call as Create. You'll usually want to trigger regeneration of a Bundle when you've updated any of the Items in the Collection to which the Bundle is associated.
Obtain Collections for an Application ID
This example retrieves the list of collections for an AppID on your account and some additional data for that AppID.
Related Posts in Developer Guide


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Purpose: Although new teachers' induction is a key issue of principals' work, there's still little research on this. Occurring within the frame of a EU project, the goal of the study was to perceive the main needs of principals to support beginning teachers in Belgium (Flanders), Finland and Portugal.
Research method: It built on a questionnaire applied to 1654 principals in three countries. 261 principals replied to the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis were used, and a comparative test involving the countries under analysis was performed.
Findings: The most relevant needs referred to professional/organizational development and pedagogical leadership, comprising implementation of supervisory devices and ICT integration in the classroom. Principals stressed the need to support new teachers to promote differentiated pedagogy, critical reflection and collaborative practices. Moreover, we found significant differences between countries: Belgians presented the highest scores in all dimensions, followed by the Portuguese and the Finish, respectively.
Conclusions: There's a consensus on the relevance of principals' action as pedagogical leaders, with a great focus on collaboration as a methodology of work among teachers, and reflection as an opportunity for professional growth and learning. Traditionally, this issue concerned only teachers. Currently, there seems to be a shift towards a commitment of principals to become more directly involved in driving teachers' practices and teaching processes. Nevertheless, this consensus is not total, as they value differently, in breadth and depth, the other dimensions, which must be analyzed in the light of the idiosyncrasies of each educational system.
school management, school principal; pedagogical leadership; new qualified teachers' induction; professional and organizational development


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Decoloration of Methylene Blue Via Mesoporous Silica Microspheres Doped with TiO2
Mesoporous silica microsphere was prepared by microwave hydrothermal synthesis，using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as template agent and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source. And mesoporous silica microspheres doped with TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. Then methylene blue decoloration test was investigated to verify the mechanism proposed elsewhere, with respect to concentration, amount of samples, pH and light illumination. Results indicate that low concentration, large amounts of samples, alkaline and UV illumination are more favorable to adsorption, and TiO2/MSM has higher decoloration rate than MSM.
Zhong Cao, Yinghe He, Lixian Sun and Xueqiang Cao
H. J. Wei et al., "Decoloration of Methylene Blue Via Mesoporous Silica Microspheres Doped with TiO2", Advanced Materials Research, Vols. 236-238, pp. 2166-2171, 2011


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Nobody seems quite certain of how many saints there actually are, but the Catholic Exchange estimates it at about 810, not counting those currently being considered for sainthood or only got halfway there. If canonized, Mother Mary Lange will be the first African-American saint. Henriette Delille, the African-American female founder of the Sisters of the Holy Family in New Orleans, is also in the process of canonization.
According to Clutch Magazine,
A Baltimore nun who initiated the world's first black Catholic order has begun the process to sainthood. The remains of Mother Mary Lange, who started the order in 1829, have been returned to the Oblate Sisters of Providence. The Haiti-born, Cuban-raised nun was initially buried in Baltimore, but was welcomed to the order's cemetery this week.
The Archdiocese believes Sister Lange is deserving of canonization for her role in spreading Catholicism through love, especially during a time when people of color were enslaved throughout the North and the South.
"She had many, many obstacles–among them racial prejudice and hatred–and her love overcame that in her life," said Baltimore's Archbishop William Lori.
Free education for African-American children didn't exist when Lange immigrated to Maryland in 1868, so opened a school in her home. She and Marie Magdaleine Balas – later known as Sister Frances – owned and operated the school for over 10 years.
Her love for mankind didn't end there. Lange was encouraged by Reverend James Hector Joubert, the former Archbishop of Baltimore, to open a religious convent for the education of girls of color. It would be the first African-American religious order in the history of the Catholic Church and would spread the word of God to communities of color.
On July 2, 1829, Lange – who was born with the first name Elizabeth – and three other founders professed their love for God and became the Oblate Sisters of Providence. She accepted the religious name of Mary and served as the order's superior general until 1832 and then again from 1835 to 1841.
The Oblate Sisters were active in the Baltimore community, sheltering orphans and the elderly, nursing the ill, and accepting and educating free slaves about Catholicism. The women also served as domestics at Saint Mary's Seminary.
Lange died February 3, 1882 at Saint Frances Convent in Baltimore, her work has continued to inspire. She was influential in Africa, Cuba, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic, leading to worldwide recognition and respect. The first American school was named after her in 2005, when three local Baltimore schools – St. Dominic School, Shrine of the Little Flower and St. Anthony of Padua – combined to form the Mother Mary Lange Catholic School.


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|Navigate: Home >> Faculty and Staff >> Smith, Monica >> Current Research >> Sisupalgarh Project|
The Sisupalgarh Project is a multiseason archaeological research project at the ancient city of Sisupalgarh in eastern India. Occupied from approximately the 3rd century B.C. to 4th century A.D., this urban area was surrounded by dramatic walls early in its occupation.
A fortified site of impressive proportions, the 130-hectare city of Sisupalgarh had local, regional and long-distance ties with sites throughout the Indian subcontinent as documented archaeologically through the widespread distribution of ceramics, metal, and stone objects. Through a two-year program of systematic surface-survey, the distribution of these artifacts was correlated with evidence for manufacturing activities to assess the city's economic organization.
The site is located on the SE edge of modern Bhubaneswar in eastern India. The site was excavated in 1948 and again in 1950 by the Archaeological Survey of India. These excavations provided stratigraphic information about the construction of the walls, and the layout of a small portion of residential habitation. Building from these initial investigations, this project assesses the city from a whole-site perspective to evaluate whether there were different zones of activity, where the inhabitants of the city may have come from, and the relationships that they had with each other.
Monica L. Smith
The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology
304 Haines & A351 Fowler
Office: _PHONE_
South Asian Lab: _PHONE_


Mindfulness for NQTs: Collect the positives
This reinforces other posts which cover aspects of this, however because it isn't only about positive talk or acknowledging the good, it deserves its own post. So yes, collect the positives, every single one along the way. Collect the ones you know for and of yourself and also those that others give you whether you believe them or not. Collect the all. Savour them.
Choose to notice the positives more than you would the negatives or the areas to improve on in terms of yourself and your students. Look outside and notice the positives about the day and your life around you. Be grateful for all there is and all you have and collect the positives as you go along.
Encourage the positive in your students rather than noticing them for any unwanted behaviour as you will see more of the actions you give attention too. Incorporate positivity into the classroom and the lessons, encouraging students to be positive about each other noticing each others qualities rather than mentioning something they are not good at.
Your day will be so much brighter and uplifted through noticing the positives. Through collecting them, you will also have good memories, thoughts or comments to recall in times of need when things aren't going well and you can remind yourself how good you are and how well your teaching and other experiences have gone. This can be a much needed boost throughout your career.
Facebook: Being the Best You Can Be
Twitter: _USER_
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The duality between the organisation's preferences and the different innovation frameworks
The aim of this article is to reveal what organising of innovation and growth can be enabled in small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) networks. This is especially interesting for the governance of loosely coupled networks. The research is conducted in the Danish food industry with three food-producing firm networks. The posed hypotheses are tested in a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach with the available data of 60 SMEs.
The findings show that the governance of preferred behaviours of SMEs has a considerable significant positive impact on product and systematic innovation, which have a significant impact on growth. Governance of network connections is also found to have a significant positive impact on growth. The findings contribute to an understanding of how both governance of preferred SME behaviour and network connections enable innovation. This study provides SMEs, SME network organisations and policy bodies with an enhanced understanding of governance approaches.
Keywords: Innovation; SMEs; network; preferred behaviour; governanc
Fins the article right here
Tel: +45 74632660


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1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Baize
|←Baius, Michael||1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 3
|See also Baize on Wikipedia, and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.|
BAIZE (16th century Fr. baies, cf. English "bay"), a material probably named from its original colour, though a derivation is also suggested from the Fr. baie, as the cloth is said to have been originally dyed with Avignon berries. It is generally a coarse, woollen cloth with a long nap and is commonly dyed green or red. It is now also made of cotton. The manufacture is said to have been introduced into England in the 16th century by refugees from France and the Netherlands. It is used chiefly for curtains, linings, &c., and sometimes, in the lighter makes, for clothing. Table baize is a kind of oilcloth used as a cheap and easily-cleaned covering for tables.


What is e-NACH & e-Mandate?
Just curious, e-NACH is an abbreviation, right?
Yes, e-NACH stands for Electronic National Automated Clearing House.
Sounds promising, tell me more...
E-NACH and e-Mandate are easier ways for merchants and their buyers to handle all recurring payments like telephone bills, insurance premiums, utility bills, SIPs, school fees etc.
For instance, if you are signing up for an insurance plan through an e-Mandate, you can schedule all your premium payments through a simple online process at the start of the insurance period, instead of manually keeping track and making individual premium payments. No more pesky reminders or late fees!
e-Mandate Screen
So is there a difference between e-NACH & e-Mandate?
They are two different services, both delivering the same result i.e. enabling automated recurring payments. e-NACH is governed by NPCI & covers over 40+ banks while e-Mandates are controlled by individual banks and is currently available across 4-5 banks.
Interesting, so how does the service work?
E-Mandates can be directly set up through a netbanking transaction from merchant websites. In order to do this, a customer would need to complete a one time netbanking transaction authorization after which all subsequent payments will not require customer intervention.
Netbanking is the primary mode for e-Mandates at the moment, with more payment modes to be added in the future.
e-Mandate Screen
This seems similar to ECS (Electronic Clearing System). How is it different?
ECS is an offline process where physical documents have to be filed and checked manually, while e-Mandate is a paperless online process. This has reduced the processing time from 21 to just 2 working days, in most cases.
As a customer is there any eligilibility criteria to apply for the service?
Anyone with an Aadhaar linked bank account at a participating bank is eligible to apply for e-Mandates.
Are there any limits for the number of e-Mandates that can be set up through a single bank account?
No, there is no limit to the number of e-Mandates that can be set up for an account.
What happens in case of insufficient balance in the bank account?
Like any other online transaction, in times of insufficient balance, the payment to the merchant is denied.
How does the payment appear in the bank statement?
Payments will be reflected as NEFT Bank transfers from the customer account to merchant account.
Can I set up e-Mandates or e-NACH as an option for collecting recurring payments from my customers?
Absolutely! e-Mandates are now available for merchants to use. Razorpay Subscriptions is a great way to automate recurring payments using e-Mandates and other payment modes like credit cards.
e-Mandate Screen
That's cool! Tell me more about Razorpay Subscriptions…
Razorpay Subscriptions allows your business to handle all subscription needs like setting up flexible payment schedules, support for multiple billing models and many other value added services.
Like what you see? Share this page!
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Understanding Highly Accelerated Stress Test (HAST) in IC Qualification
April 15, 2018, anysilicon
The highly accelerated stress test (HAST) involves the effects of humidity and temperature on an IC or ASIC. The HAST is designed to test the package of the ASIC under extreme humidity and temperature conditions. Devices that pass such tests will be able to withstand the normal rigors of temperature and humidity in most environments.

The HAST is sometimes called the pressure-cooker test because it simulates the conditions found inside a typical household pressure cooker. By increasing the amount of water vapor pressure inside a test chamber while also increasing the temperature, this provides an excellent test of the inherent strength, design, and protection of the electronic components inside. The testing involves increasing the pressure which helps to force water vapor inside the device.

Effects of HAST

Compared to the former standard of high-temperature/high-humidity, the HAST will cause more damage to the components due to how the moisture helps accelerate the corrosive effects of the water vapor. There will also be more damage to the insulation as well, causing fast deterioration, especially in devices that are not up to the HAST standards.

This type of test is mostly done on components that are plastic-sealed, followed by an evaluation of the results. For the most part, the temperatures that are used reach at least 212 degrees F or that of boiling water. This provides for a full state of water vapor to be present in the air and pressurized for maximum effect.

HAST test is performed based on JEDEC standard JESD22-A110 (Biased HAST) and JESDA118 (Unbiased HAST). With conditions: 130°C/85%RH/33.3 psia and 110°C/85%RH.17.7 psia. Test duration is 96 or 264 hours.

Recent Stories


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Uterine sample collector from Israeli Begamed Medical Instruments:
This article was originally published in Clinica
Begamed Medical Instruments (Israel) has developed a uterine collection device for early cancer detection. The disposable tool collects uterine tissues such as endometrium, gestational products and cervical mucosa. The procedure may be performed in outpatient clinics without cervical dilation or anaesthesia.


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County's January precipitation is above average
San Juan County is below average for snowfall and above average for precipitation this month, according to weather data
- Farmington has measured 0.73 inches of liquid precipitation this month, compared to its average of 0.61 inches.
- The weather station at the Farmington Agriculture Science Center has measured 0.6 inches of snowfall so far, below its average of 2.4 inches.
- The National Weather Service issued a winter weather advisory that will be in effect for portions of northern and western New Mexico until Tuesday morning.
- Meteorologists say this will likely be the last storm San Juan County sees this month.
FARMINGTON — The amount of precipitation San Juan County has received this month is above average compared to previous years, but, so far, the county is below average for snowfall.
Randall Hergerst, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service, said Farmington measured 0.73 inches of liquid precipitation — including snowmelt — this month. On average, he said, Farmington receives 0.61 inches in January.
Hergerst said that while the amount of precipitation is higher than normal, it's not unusual.
"I wouldn't consider it a record wet year by any means," he said.
The weather station at the Farmington Agriculture Science Center measured 0.6 inches of snowfall so far this month, well below its average of 2.4 inches, Hergerst said. Aztec Ruins National Monument also recorded less snow than average. The national monument averages 5.1 inches of snow in January, but, so far, it was only received 2.6 inches this month.
Sunday night's storm brought about 0.004 inches of snow to the area, and a previous storm on Jan. 21 brought 0.0021 inches, Hergerst said.
Despite less-than-average snow accumulation in the valleys, snowpack in the mountains is above average, according to the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The bureau's Upper Colorado Region snowpack conditions map shows above average snowpack in the San Juan River basin.
While today was relatively sunny, clouds began to move into San Juan County in the afternoon. The National Weather Service issued a winter weather advisory at 4:54 a.m. today that will be in effect for portions of northern and western New Mexico until 5 a.m. Tuesday. According to the forecast, parts of northwest New Mexico could see up to an inch of snow.
The advisory warns that roads, including U.S. Highway 550, may be icy and have limited visibility. Road conditions can be checked online at nmroads.com.
Hergerst said this will likely be the last storm San Juan County sees this month. He said the long-range forecast shows the storm systems moving north and affecting the Great Lakes region, rather than the Southwest.
Hannah Grover covers government for The Daily Times. She can be reached at _PHONE_.


Will the game be cancelled if it is raining?
For U10, U12, and U15, games will not be cancelled due to rain. The referees make the determination if the fields and conditions are unplayable, and that decision will not be made until the referees arrive at the fields and make the determination. Please come to the games prepared to play. For U6 and U8, the coaches together at the fields determine if the conditions are too bad to play.
What is the correct Age Division for my child?
Your child's division is determined by his/her age at the end of the calendar year. For example, if your child will be 9 years old (having a birthday in November) before the end of the current calendar year, your child will be playing in the U10 Division. If your child is not under 10 years old on December 31 of the calendar year, then your child does not play in the U10 division. He/she plays U12.


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This paper introduces the process of land consolidation and current use of geographic information systems (GIS) in the Czech Republic. Contemporary land consolidation in the Central European region, unlike Western Europe, has been implemented relatively recently, hence there is no contingency or previous experience to build upon. This brings about an opportunity for a modern design of GIS‐based land consolidation. Although the design of land consolidation projects in the Czech Republic is mainly conducted in CAD software, this paper focuses on the utilisation of GIS and stresses the importance of standardisation of land consolidation data. Standardisation allows automatic processing of data as well as effortless publishing. The author proposes a new object‐oriented data model of the landscape plan (Common Facilities Plan), which allows for the storing of such plans in a central spatial database and adding attribute information to each object, thus providing analysis of the data in a GIS. The data model alongside data standardisation lays the groundwork for the architectural proposal of a new GIS (geoportal) of Common Facilities Plans.
Key words: geographic information system, GIS, land consolidation, common facilities plan, standardisation, geoportal, geospatial data


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POTASSIUM CONTENT IN FOODS:
low in potassium:
Vegetables such as cucmber, ridgegourd
(turai), snakegourd (padwal), tinda,broadbeans,
beetroot, fenugreek leaves(methi), green mango,
pink radish, bottlegourd (dudhi).
-Fruit such as apple(1/4), pineapple(1/4), guava,pappaya, pear.
-Chicken and meat-boiled in excess water twice and drained.
moderate in potassium:
flakes, corn flakes, bambino vermicelli.
-Vegetables such as carrot, cauliflower, ladies finger, tomatoes, Bittergourd, onions, cabbage, white radish, pumpkin, brinjal, Frenchbeans.
high in potassium:
ragi, wheat flour.


tra.texi (Advanced VC Usage): Remove VC Directory Mode and VC
 Directory Commands from the submenu. Don't include deleted file
 vc2-xtra.texi.
 * files.texi (Visiting): Document find-file-confirm-nonexistent-file.
 (Version Control): Add VC Directory Mode and VC Directory Commands to
 the submenu.
 (Why Version Control?): Use table format.
 (Version Control Systems): Note that Meta-CVS support is gone.
 (VCS Concepts): Note precisely when VC started supporting filesets.
 Remove bogus xref to CVS Options node.
 (Types of Log File): Copyedits.
 (VC Mode Line): Document tooltips and mouse-1 on VC indicator.
 (Basic VC Editing): Content moved from Selecting A Fileset and Doing
 The Right Thing.
 (Selecting A Fileset, Doing The Right Thing): Nodes deleted.
 (Log Buffer): Reorganize node, putting C-c C-c description first.
 (Old Revisions): Use CVS for example, not RCS.
 (Secondary VC Commands): Remove VC Directory Mode and VC Directory
 Commands from the submenu, putting them under Version Control.
 (VC Directory Mode): Move node contents here from vc1-xtra.texi; we
 need to include it in the manual unconditionally, since it is now
 crucial to using distributed version control systems.
 (Comparing Files): Note that diff uses the minibuffer, and that the
 output is shown using Diff mode.
 (Diff Mode): Explain what "patch" and "hunk" mean.
 Document diff-update-on-the-fly, diff-refine-hunk, and
 diff-show-trailing-whitespaces.
 (File Archives): Add rar support.
 * major.texi (Choosing Modes): Make mode selection sequence more
 obvious by describing the steps in order of priority. Note that
 magic-mode-alist is nil by default.
 Document magic-fallback-mode-alist.
2008-10-20 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * frames.texi (Mouse References): Copyedits.
2008-10-20 Tassilo Horn <_EMAIL_>
 * ack.texi (Acknowledgments): Add myself as doc-view author.
2008-10-20 Eli Zaretskii <_EMAIL_>
 * frames.texi (Dialog Boxes): Add @cindex entries.
2008-10-20 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * frames.texi (Dialog Boxes): Clarify description of GTK+ file chooser.
 (Text-Only Mouse): Copyedit.
2008-10-19 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * frames.texi: Use @key throughout for mouse clicks.
 (Cut/Paste Other App): Document yank-pop-change-selection.
 (Secondary Selection): Fix modified mouse click syntax.
 (Clipboard): Describe Cut, Copy and Paste commands.
 (Mouse References): Not all references are in read-only buffers.
 Copyedits.
 (Creating Frames): Add xref to Init File.
 (Frame Commands): Add xref to Exiting.
 (Scroll Bars): Document GTK vs toolkit behavior.
2008-10-15 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * files.texi (Version Control): Copyedits. Add Bazaar.
 (Version Control Systems): List different VCS's using an itemized list.
 Add Bazaar.
 (VCS Concepts): Copyedits. Tweak description of file merging.
 * frames.texi (Mouse Commands, Cut/Paste Other App): Rewrite.
 (Cut/Paste Other App): Document select-active-regions and
 x-select-enable-primary.
2008-10-13 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * mark.texi (Shift Selection): Correct case in node name.
 * emacs.texi (Top): Update node order in Mark chapter.
2008-10-12 Eli Zaretskii <_EMAIL_>
 * msdog-xtra.texi (MS-DOS): Fix bad pxref.
 * mini.texi (Minibuffer File): Fix markup in last change. Refer to
 elsewhere in the manual instead of describing yet again the intricacies
 of $HOME on MS-Windows and MS-DOS.
2008-10-12 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * mini.texi (Minibuffer File): Add xref to File Names.
 (Minibuffer File): Add discussion of '~' in file names.
 Add insert-default-directory index reference.
 * files.texi (File Names): Reorganize description.
 (Visiting): Add xref to Mode Line. Copyedits.
 (Save Commands): Mention prefix behavior of C-x C-s.
 (Numbered Backups): Node deleted.
 (Backup Names): Contents of Numbered Backups moved here. State default
 of version-control variable.
 (Reverting): Copyedits.
 (Version Control): Add additional version control systems.
 * emacs.texi (Top): Delete Numbered Backups node.
 * cmdargs.texi (General Variables): Change Numbered Backups xref to
 Backup Names.
 (Initial Options): Document renamed variable inhibit-startup-screen.
2008-10-11 Romain Francoise <_EMAIL_>
 * kmacro.texi (Edit Keyboard Macro): Lossage is now 300 keys.
2008-10-11 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * buffers.texi (Buffers): Add xrefs to Mode Line and Lisp Interaction.
 (Select Buffer): Mention use of minibuffer history. Describe default
 value of default-major-mode. Mention that C-x 4 b selects the other
 window.
 (List Buffers): Document CRM indicators in the order they appear.
 (Kill Buffer): Document new command kill-matching buffers.
 (Several Buffers): Move explanation of the relationship between buffer
 list and buffer menu to the top.
 (Indirect Buffers): Document new variable clone-indirect-buffer-hook.
2008-10-10 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * entering.texi (Exiting): Document change of C-x C-c to
 save-buffers-kill-terminal. Document kill-emacs.
2008-09-30 Eli Zaretskii <_EMAIL_>
 * mule.texi (Coding Systems): Don't mention codepage-setup.
 * msdog-xtra.texi (MS-DOS Printing, MS-DOS and MULE): No need to create
 cpNNN coding systems anymore.
 (MS-DOS and MULE): Don't mention code-pages.el. Don't mention support
 for unibyte mode. Don't mention line-drawing characters.
 Don't mention dos-unsupported-char-glyph.
2008-09-25 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * search.texi (Search): Shorten introduction.
 (Basic Isearch): Add command table. Discuss reverse isearch and
 isearch highlighting.
 (Repeat Isearch): Move lazy highlighting discussion here. Add search
 ring to cindex.
 (Special Isearch): Move input methods discussion here.
 (Non-ASCII Isearch): Node deleted, merged with Special Isearch.
 (Isearch Yank): Node deleted, and contents moved into Basic Isearch and
 Repeat Isearch.
 (Isearch Minibuffer): New node.
 (Word Search): Document new word search commands.
 (Regexp Example): Simplify example using sentence-end-base variable.
 (Replace): Reword introduction.
 (Unconditional Replace): Remove unnecessary example.
 (Other Repeating Search): Document new 'M-s o' binding.
 * emacs.texi (Top): Update node listings.
2008-09-22 Juanma Barranquero <_EMAIL_>
 * emacs.texi (Top): Remove Kill Errors from menu.
2008-09-22 Chong Yidong <_EMAIL_>
 * kmacro.texi (Basic Keyboard Macro): Make F3 and F4 the preferred
 interface for defining macros. Simplify examples. Note that C-g quits
 macro definitions.
 (Keyboard Macro Counter): Document using F3 to insert counter.
 Give usage example.
 (Keyboard Macro Query): Organize query responses in a table.
 * fixit.texi (Fixit): Favor C-/ keybinding for undo throughout.
 Link to Erasing node.
 (Undo): Reorganize paragraphs for logical flow. Move keybinding
 rationale to a footnote.
 (Kill Errors): Remove node, due to redundancy with Erasing.
 (Spelling): Move discussion of flyspell to end. Note new behavior of
 M-$ in active region. Remove non-ispell-specific keybindings from
 table.
2008-09-21 Dan Nicolaescu <_EMAIL_>
 * cmdargs.texi (Initial Options): Document --daemon.
2008-09-20 Glenn Morris <_EMAIL_>
 * files.texi (


text:
I hope I'm asking on the right StackExchange site. Apologies if I'm not.
I want to generate 3D triangulated models of optical lenses, circular in shape. I can create the meshes for the front and back surface. I'm having trouble creating the triangles for the sides of the lenses (as the front surface is a certain distance from the backside, also on the sides). I want the vertices of the front and back surfaces to be on a rectangular grid (z=f(x,y) where (x,y) are on the grid). That means the sides will have to deal with the "staircasing" that exists because of clipping the front and back on the rectangles of the grid.
How do I select which vertices (on/near the edge) of the front and back surfaces to use for the lens sides?
That appears to be not as easy as I thought. For instance, taking the vertices that are within "lens radius" and "lens radius minus sqrt(grid spacing)" from the center doesn't work. Similar other tries didn't work out either.
To be a little more clear: the front and back surface are perfectly aligned and share the same grid for their x and y coordinates. Therefore the sides are always vertical.


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How much money is spent on farming each year?
Farm production expenditures in the United States are estimated at $354.0 billion for 2018, down from $357.8 billion in 2017. The 2018 total farm production expenditures are down 1.1 percent compared with 2017 total farm production expenditures.
How much money is spent on farming?
It's no surprise, but it's costing more and more to be a U.S. farmer, according to USDA statistics. On Thursday, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service released its annual Farm Production Expenditures Report. For U.S. farmers, 2017 expenses were estimated at $359.8 billion, up from $346.9 billion in 2016.
How much do farmers spend on crops?
Farmers are estimated to spend $333.8 billion on agricultural production expenses this year, which is a 3.9 percent increase from last year, according to the USDA.
What are the top four US farm production expenditures?
The four largest expenditures at the United States level total $179.8 billion and account for 50.3 percent of total expenditures in 2019. These include feed, 16.6 percent, farm services, 12.0 percent, livestock, poultry, and related expenses, 12.0 percent, and labor, 9.7 percent.
What percent of farm bill goes to farmers?
Yes, you read that right. This year, farmers (on net) will derive almost 40 percent of their income directly from the U.S. government. Forty percent. As we'll discuss, a good chunk of these government payments come from the CARES Act, but much of it flows from earlier government programs.
What do farmers need to get good yield?
What Are The Ways To Increase Crop Yield?
- Quality Of Seeds. Agricultural productivity depends on the quality of seeds with which farmers sow their fields.
- Field Productivity Zoning.
- Monitoring Crops Growth.
- Accurate Weather Prediction.
- Regular Scouting.
- Crop Protection Methods.
- Soil Testing & Its Quality.
What does agricultural production mean?
Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and many other desired products by the cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals (livestock). Modern agriculture extends well beyond the traditional production of food for humans and animal feeds. …
How many acres do you need for a farmer?
The average farm size continued to increase in 2019 as the number of farms declined. The overall average size increased by 1 acre to 444 acres per farm.
What are the ways of improving crop yield?
Top 5 Ways To Improve Farm Yields
- 1 – Planting Early.
- 2 – Soil Rotation Should Be Practiced.
- 3 – Utilizing Fertilizers.
- 4 – Quality Seed.
- 5 – Early Weeding.


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Potash - a crucial nutrient for flowering and fruiting
Nitrogen, Calcium, Magnesium - to stimulate natural development and growth
And also included are micronutrients (nutrients plants need less of) and trace elements (elements that the plants need in tiny quantities).
All the nutrients, micronutrients and trace elements are in a balanced ratio so that every nutrient is provided to the plant in the right balance relative to the others.
250ml bottle powder nutrient refills - for your Hydropod 20 & 40 cuttings. Makes 250ml of of nutrient A and 250ml of nutrient B.
2.5 litres of Powdered Nutrient - for your Hydropod 120 cuttings. Makes 5 litres of concentrated nutrients (2.5 litres of nutrient A and 2.5 litres nutrient B).


text: In recent years, a surging development of vehicles and continuous enhancement of transportation infrastructures have been witnessed worldwide, leading to a remarkable growing of traffic flow data. The traffic data is highly valuable in today's society, accurate modelling of traffic flow for the concerned areas can significantly benefit the government agencies, related commercial departments and individuals. Specifically, road users are allowed to make better traveling decisions, avoid traffic congestion, reduce carbon emissions and improve traffic operation efficiency. In order to estimate the possible traffic flow scenarios within a specific area for multiple horizons, we propose a scenario generation model based on sequential generative adversarial networks (LSTM-GAN) where the long short term memory (LSTM) network is incorporated to capture the temporal dynamics involved in traffic flows. Through game training, the spatiotemporal scenarios of traffic flow in line with the characteristics of observed road network traffic flow can be well generated. These traffic scenarios can be applied in the design and planning of road traffic system, as well as in the virtual training cases of intelligent driving.


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City of Livermore, CA Quiz
Q – Who were the original inhabitants of Livermore?
A – Ohlone (or Costanoan) native people.
Q – How many people live in Livermore today?
A – It had an estimated 2014 population of 86,870 making it the most populous city in the Tri-Valley.
Q – Who founded Livermore?
A – The town was founded by William Mendenhall in the 1840's.
Q – How did Livermore get its name?
A – Town founder, William Mendenhall named it after Robert Livermore, his friend and a local rancher who settled in the area in the 1840s.
Q – What's the most famous institution in Livermore?
A – Livermore is the home of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The Laboratory's science and engineering are being applied to achieve breakthroughs for counterterrorism and nonproliferation, defense and intelligence, energy and environmental security.
Q – How many wineries are there in Livermore?
A – In 2016 there were 53 wineries. The region is one of state's oldest wine regions, with a history dating back to the 1760s. In the 1840's Robert Livermore planted the first commercial vines here. The valley's wineries were the first to bottle the varietal labeled Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Petite Sirah. Roughly 80% of California's Chardonnay vines can trace their genealogy back to the Livermore Valley Wine Country.
Q – Who was Robert Livermore?
A – Robert Livermore (_PHONE_) was a British citizen who had jumped from a British merchant sailing ship that stopped in Monterey, California, in 1822. He became a naturalized Mexican citizen and worked for a number of years as a ranch foreman. He got his rancho in 1839 and was interested in viticulture and horticulture and was the first in the area in 1846 to direct the planting of vineyards and orchards of pears and olives.
Q – What chemical element is named for the area?
A – Livermorium is in the periodic table
Q – How did the closure of the California missions, as demanded by the government of Mexico, from 1834 to 1837 affect Livermore?
A – The land and property of the missions was turned into about 600 extensive ranchos.
Q – Where was the Livermore Ranch post office from _PHONE_?
A – In Robert Livermore's home.
Q – What spurred the population growth of Livermore between 1869 and 1903?
A – The original Western Pacific Railroad Company in 1869 built its railroad connection from Oakland to Sacramento over the nearby Altamont Pass in the east and Niles Canyon on the west with a stop in Livermore on land donated by William M. Mendenhall. This made Livermore a "railroad town" and greatly accelerated town growth.
Q – What was the original name of Livermore High?
A – Union High School.
Q – Until 1875 what sport did the townspeople enjoy on Sundays?
A – Bull fights.
Q – Why has Livermore become such a thriving wine growing region?
A – It has a Mediterranean climate, gravelly soil, warm days and cool nights making it a good location to grow wine grapes.
Q – How did the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory get established?
A – In 1942, the U.S. government bought 692 acres of ranch land, bounded by Vasco and Greenville roads and East Avenue, and built the Livermore Naval Air Station. The primary mission of the base was to train Navy pilots. This facility operated until it was decommissioned in 1946 after the end of World War II. On January 5, 1951, the Bureau of Yards and Docks, U.S. Navy, formally transferred the former NAS Livermore in its entirety to the Atomic Energy Commission for use by the University of California's Radiation Laboratory. In 1952, the government established Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
Q – How did the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory get its name?
A – It was named after famous physicist Ernest O. Lawrence for the study of nuclear energy like the research being done at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
For information about buying or selling a home in Livermore please contact Michael "Soon" Lee, CRS, GRI at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_.


Hardware and construction designs and instructions for building a solar-powered mobile phone charging station. The charging station uses simple, durable and easily replaceable components to provide a portable, solar-powered mobile phone charger.
Robust and portable
The design consists of a hand-pushed trolley, two solar panels, and a car battery. Each charging station provides 60 W of power to Com-Tablet and can charge up to four additional devices at the same time.
Water-resistant containers are used to store the batteries, and electrical connections are all placed in a waterproof box, which also provides a place to store phones while charging. The solar panels easily fold away so charging stations can be taken inside overnight and/or during bad weather.
As the charging stations are mobile and produced using a straightforward user-friendly design, communities can take full ownership of them. Residents can adapt, relocate or modify them to better suit their needs.
Build your own Com-Charge
Each charging station consists of a sack trolley, 12 volt battery, solar panels, regulator, wiring and bolts. Com-Charge costs around £350 to build.
Diagram of Com-Charge


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To Grow a Building Uses Local Soil + Roots as Building Materials
Living in a world that's in the midst of a climate crisis, it would be naive to think there's any area of life that it won't eventually touch. Thankfully, there are people out there working towards solutions. During Jerusalem Design Week 2022, and following the theme of 'For Now,' a group of designers created an outdoor performative lab space. Here they debuted To Grow a Building, an architectural project that proposes using local soil and roots as structural elements. Buildings would germinate, bloom, dry up, produce new material, and then return to the same soil to do it all again.
Designers Elisheva Gillis, Gitit Linker, Danny Freedman, Noa Zermati, Adi Segal, Rebeca Partook, Or Naim, and Nof Nathansohn explored the possibility of buildings that are 3D printed using organic materials. A custom-made robotic arm uses digital workflow to build small structures with a mix of soil and seeds. When finished printing layers on top of one another, the structure sprouts seeds. The exterior is covered in vegetation while the interior fills with dry roots – a new and strong material in itself. The need for alternative resources is only increasing, and the process behind To Grow a Building could be one of them.
The project was supported by Rogovin, a company that promotes ecological innovation in the field of real estate.
To learn more about To Grow a Building, visit 2022.jdw.co.il.
Photography by Dor Kedmi.


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Media & Technology > Gender Research > Projects
Youth, Gender and Pornography in the Nordic Countries
During recent years, pornography has become increasingly more visible in the media. The phenomenon is usually referred to as "pornophication of public space" and has created a fierce debate in the Nordic countries, as well as concern among parents and teachers on what effects the increasing - and not always voluntary - exposure to pornography might have on children and teenagers. The study's primary focus is the increased spread of pornography, and what effects this might produce on young girls' and boys' interpretations of gender. The study aims at revealing possible connections between teenagers' exposure to pornography and their attitudes towards gender and power.


text: The everlasting demand for higher computing power for deep neural networks (DNNs) drives the development of parallel computing architectures. 3D integration, in which chips are integrated and connected vertically, can further increase performance because it introduces another level of spatial parallelism. Therefore, we analyze dataflows, performance, area, power and temperature of such 3D-DNN-accelerators. Monolithic and TSV-based stacked 3D-ICs are compared against 2D-ICs. We identify workload properties and architectural parameters for efficient 3D-ICs and achieve up to 9.14x speedup of 3D vs. 2D. We discuss area-performance trade-offs. We demonstrate applicability as the 3D-IC draws similar power as 2D-ICs and is not thermal limited.


In Limble it is possible to share tasks with vendors or other people outside of your organization. This article will show you how to do that and teach you how the process works.
Share Task With Vendor
In the upper right corner of a task you will see a "Share" button. When you click it, a drop down menu will appear. Select the option to "Share Task Externally."
Next, you will need to choose a person or vendor to share the Task with. If you already have added your vendors to Limble you can select the green "Pick Vendor" button to select a vendor. (Click here to learn how to add vendors.) If you do not have the vendor added to Limble you can type their email in the field labeled "To:". The benefit of having your vendors entered into Limble is that all of their past tasks will be organized and you'll be able to look up their history.
Once you select the "Share Task" button, the Vendor will receive an email with a link to the task. When they click the link, a browser page will open and it will contain the task as if they were a Limble user at your organization. They will be able to follow the instructions on the task and complete them. They can also upload the invoice for their services. However, they will not be able to see anything else on your Limble account.
When the Vendor selects the "Finish" button, they will be logged out of the Limble task and the person who assigned the Task will be notified so they can review the work performed by the vendor.
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Bank of Baroda (BOB) – Probationary Officer (PO) Exam Syllabus, Pattern & Eligibility Criteria
Bank of Baroda (BOB) will conduct written test through online for the Probationary Officers (PO) Vacancies at various centres across various states of India. The written test consists of questions of objective type. The question paper consists of four tests namely Reasoning, Quantitative Aptitude, English Language, General Awareness. Each test consists of 50 Questions. Each question carries one mark. Total question paper consists of 200 bits for 200 marks. The duration of exam will be 2 hours.
After this written test, candidates has to attend for Group Discussion and interview
BOB PO Syllabus 2015 & Exam Pattern :-
Group Discussion and Personal Interview : The aggregate marks of candidates qualifying in the Online Test will be arranged in descending order in each category and the candidates in the order of merit, subject to 4 times the number of intake in each category, will be called for Group Discussion and Interview. The qualifying marks in Group Discussion & Interview will be as decided by the Bank.
BOB Exam Syllabus for Probationary Officer : BOB PO Exam is the most popular exam among the all exams conducted by BOB. Now lets have a look at the detailed syllabus of PO Exam….
First Section – Test of Reasoning :
First section will be Logical Reasoning means the process of forming judgement conclusions from premises or facts. The question in this section may be based on Verbal and Non-Verbal.
Letter & symbol series
Statement and argument
Making judgments etc.
Non-Verbal means :
Finding any missing figure
Second Section – English Language :
Second section of is English language. It is one of the most important languages because it is wider and useful in all over the world, so the managing committee wants to select only those candidates who are capable of understand English. The questions in this section may be asked from the topics
Fill in the Blanks with Modals, Articles etc
Third Section – Quantitative Aptitude :
Third section is Quantitative Aptitude in this question will have five multiple-choice answers. The question in this selection may be based on two topics like as Arithmetic and Data Interpretation.
Data Interpretation means :
Arithmetic means :
Ratio and Proportions
Time and Distance
Profit and Loss
Simple and Compound Interest
Fourth Section – General Awareness :
Fourth section is General Awareness. These questions are not based on any specific study but related to current affairs(with special reference to Banking Industry).
Current Affairs around the world
Budget & Plans
Books and Authors
Awards and Honors
Science Inventions and Discoveries
Important Days & Dates etc.
Eligibility Criteria : Degree (Graduation) with minimum 60% (55% for SC/ST/PWD) marks in any discipline from a recognized University OR any equivalent qualification as such recognized by Central Government.
Age : As on 17.03.2015 Minimum : 20 years Maximum : 28 years


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SYMBOLISM OF THE GRAIN-EAR IN VIACHESLAV IVANOV'S WORKS
Languages of publication
This paper suggests a symbolic and contextual symbol of grain, present in the works of Viacheslav Ivanov. The subject of the authoress analysis and its starting point is constituted by his three poems:- the first one stating with the words 'Yazykov pravdu, khristtiane, / My chtim (...)', from the poetic cycle entitled 'Rimskii dnevnik 1944 goda', the two remaining ones are: 'Sozrel na nive kolos (...)' and 'Tikhaya zhatva' (4th volume of 'Sobranie sochinenii'). On the basis of these works she traced the functioning of this symbol in Ivanov's poetic output, as well as in his theoretical and philosophical reflections. She also revealed the most important aspects of the motif of grain, namely: grain as a symbol of resurrection and life after death (connection with the ancient mystery cults) and grain in the eschatological meaning, understood as toll - the fruit of sowing.
Publication order reference
CEJSH db identifier


Fleas with massive penises could invade bedrooms this autumn in their millions
editorial image
Bad news for anyone with a fear of bugs, billions of super-fleas with massive penises are being predicted to invade British bedrooms in the coming months.
Experts say that the new breed of well-endowed beasts will come out of hibernation this autumn and could turn up in millions of homes, carried in by pets.
The so-called super-fleas are far bigger than other species of the bug and have a penis two and a half times their body length - the largest relative to their size of any bug.
The new flea breed is believed to have come from Europe over the past few years and weather conditions this year have been ideal for them to breed, with a warm summer and the right balance of rain creating mild, damp conditions for them.
With the weather beginning to turn colder, experts are now warning that the fleas will begin to make their way indoors, potentially infesting sitting rooms and bedrooms across the country.
Rob Simpson, of pest controller register body Basis Prompt, said that the bugs were coming out of hibernation earlier than usual this year, meaning there would be more of them about.
He said: "Fleas which would usually remain dormant for much longer, became active sooner, leading to more prolific breeding and therefore a larger population."
With an increase in the number of bugs comes an increase in the likelihood of being bitten by one.
Flea bites usually appear as small red spots on the skin and can be very itchy. They are commonly found on feet and legs.
Doctors advice that bites should be washed thoroughly with soap and water before applying an antiseptic cream to the affected area.


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KOLHAPUR: A week-long exhibition of rare photos, documents and letters from the era of Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj will mark the 140th birth anniversary of the legendary leader on June 26. The exhibits from the Kolhapur archives, the department of Archives of Maharashtra, will shed new light on the life and times of Shahu Maharaj.
The exhibition will be organized from June 26-30 at Shahu Smarak Bhavan, Dasara chowk. This year, the archives department will exhibit rare documents related to the adoption of Shahu Maharaj, his coronation and correspondence done by him and letters he received.
Ganesh Khodke, officer in-charge of Kolhapur archives, said, "Every year, we organize the exhibition of the documents related to Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj to pay tribute to his work for the people and to let young generation and other people to know about his work. The exhibition includes a number of rare documents like the orders and circulars published by Shahu Maharaj to his administration regarding welfare of people."
"Shahu Maharaj took the reign of the erstwhile princely state of Kolhapur about 120 years ago. This year, the archives department will be exhibiting the rare documents related to the adoption of the Shahu Maharaj, his coronation and correspondence done by him and letters he received during that period," he said.
Many documents in the exhibit have never been displayed in public and will throw light on the history of Shahu era. This will help historians, students of history and common people understand the Shahu Maharaj and his philosophy in details, he said.
A press release from the department stated that along with the documents, the exhibition will highlight the work done by Shahu Maharaj for the welfare of the people belonging to backward community, orders passed for their welfare, rare correspondence regarding provision of education for all and setting up of schools and hostels in Kolhapur princely state.
The exhibition will also include correspondence and documents that led to the development in health sector, arts, paintings and sports which helped Kolhapur to create its image in the British India. The exhibition will also throw light on the steps taken to tackle the drought faced by the princely state in 1900. This involves the orders regarding construction of irrigation facilities such as lakes, bunds, canals and cattle shelters.
The Kolhapur archive has more than 1.5 crore documents and 90% of them are in Modi script. The oldest document is from Shivaji era belonging to year 1660. The documents include diaries, handwritten letters, reports, records and gazettes of the Shivaji era.
Most of the researchers approach the archive to study the life and time of Shahu Maharaj, his administration, correspondence, decisions, orders and other aspects related to his life.
Keeping this in mind the archive has taken up the work of digitization of documents of Shahu era (1888 to 1922) and has completed digitization of 16,000 letters received and addressed to him. It also includes the letters sent by him to people in all discipline, including the British government and freedom fighters. The exhibition will include the letters and documents that will shed new light on the life of Shahu Maharaj.


Hooks and Callbacks in GORM
Hooks and Callbacks in GORM
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In the realm of database management, customization is key to crafting efficient and tailored workflows. GORM, the dynamic Go Object-Relational Mapping library, empowers developers with hooks and callbacks, offering a way to inject custom logic into various stages of the database interaction process. This comprehensive guide unveils the potential of hooks and callbacks in GORM, exploring their utilization, the array of available hooks and their purposes, and the art of implementing your own custom callbacks. By the end, you'll be equipped to elevate your database interactions in Go, crafting workflows that align perfectly with your application's unique requirements.
Using GORM Hooks in GORM
Hooks are your gateway to tapping into GORM's operations and infusing your own logic.
Available Hooks and Their Purposes in GORM
GORM provides an array of hooks, each catering to a specific point in the data lifecycle:
 - BeforeCreate: Triggered before a new record is created.
 - AfterCreate: Triggered after a new record is created.
 - BeforeUpdate: Triggered before a record is updated.
 - AfterUpdate: Triggered after a record is updated.
 - BeforeDelete: Triggered before a record is deleted.
 - AfterDelete: Triggered after a record is deleted.
Examples demonstrating how to use GORM's hooks (BeforeCreate, AfterCreate, BeforeUpdate, AfterUpdate, BeforeDelete, AfterDelete) in a Go application:
package main
import (
 "fmt"
 "log"
 "time"
 "gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 "_URL_"
 "_URL_"
)
type User struct {
 ID uint
 Name string
 CreatedAt time.Time
 UpdatedAt time.Time
}
func main() {
 dsn := "gorm.db"
 db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{
 Logger: logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Info),
 })
 if err != nil {
 log.Fatalf("failed to connect to database: %v", err)
 }
 // AutoMigrate will create the "users" table and apply the schema
 db.AutoMigrate(&User{})
 user := User{Name: "Alice"}
 // BeforeCreate hook
 db.Before("gorm:create").Create(&user)
 fmt.Println("User before create:", user)
 // AfterCreate hook
 db.Create(&user)
 fmt.Println("User after create:", user)
 user.Name = "Bob"
 // BeforeUpdate hook
 db.Before("gorm:update").Updates(&user)
 fmt.Println("User before update:", user)
 // AfterUpdate hook
 db.Updates(&user)
 fmt.Println("User after update:", user)
 // BeforeDelete hook
 db.Before("gorm:delete").Delete(&user)
 fmt.Println("User before delete:", user)
 // AfterDelete hook
 db.Delete(&user)
 fmt.Println("User after delete:", user)
}
In this example, we define a User struct and configure GORM to use an SQLite database. We then demonstrate the usage of various hooks:
 - BeforeCreate: Triggered before creating a new user record. We print the user information before and after the record is created.
 - AfterCreate: Triggered after creating a new user record.
 - BeforeUpdate: Triggered before updating an existing user record. We print the user information before and after the record is updated.
 - AfterUpdate: Triggered after updating an existing user record.
 - BeforeDelete: Triggered before deleting a user record. We print the user information before and after the record is deleted.
 - AfterDelete: Triggered after deleting a user record.
Please note that the behavior of hooks may vary based on the database dialect and version of GORM. Always refer to the official documentation for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
Implementing Custom Callbacks in GORM
Custom callbacks allow you to inject your own logic into the data interaction process.
Step 1: Define Your Callback Function
Create a function that matches the signature func(*gorm.DB).
func MyCustomCallback(db *gorm.DB) {
 // Your custom logic here
}
Step 2: Register the Callback
Use GORM's Callback method to register your custom callback for a specific hook.
db.Callback().Create().After("gorm:create").Register("my_custom_callback", MyCustomCallback)
Conclusion
GORM's hooks and callbacks provide a versatile mechanism to infuse your database interactions with custom logic. By tapping into the available hooks and understanding their purposes, you can tailor your workflows precisely to your application's needs. Implementing custom callbacks allows you to inject specific behaviors at strategic points in the data lifecycle. As you apply the insights and examples from this guide, remember that GORM's hooks and callbacks empower you to fine-tune your database operations in Go, enabling you to build applications that seamlessly align with your unique requirements.
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The Central Gonja District is located at the southern end of the Northern Region of Ghana. It covers a total land area of 8,353 Km2, representing 12% of the total landmass of the Northern Region. Buipe is the administrative capital.
The land form of the district is low lying but gently undulating at altitudes ranging between 150m to 300m above sea level though some parts average 600m.
The area is traversed by two major rivers - the White Volta, which flows longitudinally through the district, and the Black Volta, which forms the district's southern boundary with the Kintampo North Municipal. A lot of streams crisscross the district and flow into the two Volta Rivers.
It shares boundaries in the north with the Tamale Metropolis, the Kintampo North Municipal of the Brong-Ahafo Region in the south, East Gonja Municipal in the east and the West Gonja District in the west.
The population of the District according to 2010 population and housing census stands at 87,877 with 43,860 males and 44,017 females.


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Fishmeal is a complex protein source that is commonly used in fish feed. A new article published in Animal Feed Science and Technology shows how fishmeal physical and chemical properties influence both the production of fish feed and the physical feed quality. High physical feed quality is one of the salmon farmers' most important criteria. This new knowledge can help the feed producers to better control their production process and to improve the quality of the feed.
Fishmeal is purchased based on a limited number of specifications. Nofima has now demonstrated that these specifications are inadequate in order to predict the physical quality of the fish feed. This new knowledge may also be applied to plant and other animal-based feed raw materials.
Salmon feed is currently produced by extrusion technology – a rapid kneading and cooking process at high temperature, which may be compared with preparing dough in your kitchen to bake bread. This process results in a series of physical and chemical changes in the feed raw materials. The quality of the fish feed may be controlled and improved by adding starch and other binding agents, but the proteins in the fishmeal will also contribute to the physical quality of the feed.
The physical quality of fish feed has become more important in recent years because the feeding system blows the feed through long pipes from storage bins to the fish cages. This exposes the feed to mechanical stress and may lead to crushing. Crushing of the feed pellets is a problem since the fish cannot eat small particles or dust, and the dust clogs up the feeding system.
"During this project we have documented for the first time that variation in the physical and chemical properties of fishmeal influences both the extrusion process and the physical quality of the feed," says Project Manager and Nofima Senior Scientist Tor Andreas Samuelsen.
Detailed description of the various methods utilized in the trials, and how variation in the physical and chemical properties of the fishmeal influences the fish feed can be found in: Samuelsen, T.A., Mjøs, S.A., Oterhals, Å., 2013. Impact of variability in fishmeal physicochemical properties on the extrusion process, starch gelatinization and pellet durability and hardness. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 179, 77-84.
A more detailed description of the various methods utilized in the trials, and how variation in the physical and chemical qualities of the fishmeal influences the fish feed (Norwegian): Fiskemelets egenskaper (PDF)