text:
Why is a Squirrel Belly White?
You may wonder why is a squirrel's belly white. This article will explain the reasons for this characteristic. Tree squirrels' pale belly balances the amount of light that reflects off of their bodies, and their black back stabilizes them while they move. Additionally, tree squirrels are clumsy walkers. They have pale chests and dark backs to protect their nestlings and other young. To conclude, the white belly of a squirrel is an evolutionary adaptation that makes them less vulnerable to predators.
Dark back stabilizes their bodies
Squirrels are aerodynamic creatures with a little flap on the patagium, just like aircraft wing tips. These flaps reduce drag near the end of the wing and stabilize the body during flight. Unlike airplane wing tips, however, squirrel winglets are located far from the center of gravity, increasing flight efficiency. The flaps also help stabilize the glide, as they are located far from the center of gravity.
Females protect nestlings from predators
In their first few months of life, female squirrels protect their nestlings from predators. The babies are usually born naked, weigh fifteen grams, and develop their first few features such as a tail and a hairy head. During the next four weeks, they will also open their eyes and ears. By eight weeks of age, they will start venturing out of the nest. They are nearly adult-sized by this time. Male squirrels reach sexual maturity at fifteen to 18 months, while females reach sexual maturity at eleven to twelve months.
Red squirrels are abundant and of low conservation concern. Their population tends to fluctuate in response to periods of cone and seed production. Large cone masts can increase their population. However, high squirrel populations can reduce nestling survival in several songbird species. Red squirrels are a particular threat to Bicknell's thrush, a species with high conservation concern. The red squirrel also attacks the eggs of the titmouse, another endangered species.
Tree squirrels are clumsy walkers
Flying squirrels are among the most recognizable wildlife of the northern hemisphere. Although these animals are clumsy walkers, they are very elegant when flying. They often flutter along tree trunks and tops, and have large eyes that make them a target for predators. Flying squirrels feed mainly on nuts and fruit from deciduous trees, but they also eat insects, buds, and mushroom stems. Domestic cats and owls are also known to eat them.
When threatened by a predator, squirrels will quickly run off to the other side of the tree trunk. This behavior allows them to hide and escape from a predator. However, if they are threatened on the ground, they will choose to hide. If you're wondering how to protect your pet from a squirrel, follow these tips:
They glide from branch to branch
You might be wondering why a squirrel's belly is white. Gray squirrels are notoriously clumsy walkers. Most of the time, they live in trees, gliding between the tree branches. Their flight can reach distances of up to 82 feet, which is about five to twenty-five meters. This white belly is a sign of the squirrel's gliding abilities.
The southern flying squirrel is a small, nocturnal creature found in several eastern states. It has a white belly and flattened tail. It weighs about 1.5 to three ounces and is completely nocturnal. Their wings are made of a thin wing-like membrane called a patagium. This membrane provides the squirrel with a smooth, gliding surface and allows it to glide from branch to branch.
What is the function of a squirrel's belly?
The squirrel's belly is used to store food.
Why is a squirrel's belly white?
The squirrel's belly is white to better camouflage it in the snow.
When do squirrels need to use their belly storage?
Squirrels need to use their belly storage in the winter when food is scarce.
How does a white belly help a squirrel survive?
A white belly helps a squirrel survive by camouflage.
What type of environment is a squirrel's belly best suited for?
A squirrel's belly is best suited for a snowy environment.
What other function does a squirrel's belly serve?
A squirrel's belly also serves as a place to keep its young warm.
How big is a typical squirrel's belly?
A typical squirrel's belly is about the size of its head.
What is the average weight of a squirrel's belly?
The average weight of a squirrel's belly is 4-5 ounces.
What is the average lifespan of a squirrel?
The average lifespan of a squirrel is 6-10 years.
How many offspring does a squirrel have per year?
A squirrel has 1-8 offspring per year.
How often do squirrels have to eat?
Squirrels have to eat every day.
What do squirrels eat?
Squirrels eat a variety of things including nuts seeds fruits and insects.
Do all squirrels have white bellies?
No not all squirrels have white bellies.
Some squirrels have brown or gray bellies.
How do you tell a male squirrel from a female squirrel?
Male and female squirrels can usually be told apart by their size.
Male squirrels are usually larger than female squirrels.
Do all squirrels live in trees?
No not all squirrels live in trees.
Some squirrels live in burrows underground.
Jessica Watson is a PHD holder from the University of Washington. She studied behavior and interaction between squirrels and has presented her research in several wildlife conferences including TWS Annual Conference in Winnipeg.


text:
Diocese of Chipata - Location: Chipata, Eastern Province, Zambia, Eastern
Caritas Chipata is a faith based organization, established by the Catholic Diocese of Chipata to promote integral human development, economic justice, human dignity and empowerment of the less privileged in the society. Caritas Chipata envisions an Eastern province where people are able to move out of poverty and create sustainable livelihoods for themselves as a result of improved policies, structures and services, increased participation by local people and accountable leaders who work for the common good. To obtain this Caritas Chipata has two strategic programs:
1. Governance program
2. Human Development program
The organization operates throughout the 26 parishes of the Diocese of Chipata which follows closely the boundaries of the Eastern Province of Zambia. Caritas Chipata is part of the Caritas network in Zambia with sister organisations in every Diocese and a Caritas national secretariat in Lusaka.
The Finance Department is responsible for Caritas financial management systems, operational and administrative procedures to ensure the adequate management of funds and other resources entrusted to Caritas from funding agencies.
GOAL OF THE POSITION
To ensure financial stability of the organization and compliance with accounting and bookkeeping principles.
- Assisting in the Capturing of Payments and Receipts into the Cash Books and ensuring that entries are coded correctly.
- Receiving of Purchase Requisitions/Cash Advance Form and having them signed by the Authorised Officials.
- Checking of Vehicle Logbooks/Fuel Requisitions and ensure that fuels requested is within the acceptable consumption rate.
- Raising of Fuel Coupons and having them signed by the Authorised Officials
- Following up Statments for fuels drawn, Summarising fuels drawn and having them checked and approved for reimbursement to various Filling Stations.
- Maintainance of Debtors and Creditors Ledger
- Maintenance of the Weekly Cash-flows and advising the Accountant and the Director on the Liquidity position of the Organization.
- Liaison with the Banks and Other Service Providers to ensure that Statements are collected timely for quick settlement of accounts.
- Assisting the Accountant, Assistant Accountant and Project Managers in the preparation of Annual Budgets and monthly Cash-flow Estimates.
- Ensuring that Paid Cheque Vouchers have all the attachments necessary and are properly filed in accordance with the Diocesan Record Policy.
- Attending to Auditors' queries on issues pertaining to Payments and providing necessary documents and information when requested upon.
- Advice and Guide Admin and Program staff on the acceptable accounting procedures to follow when requesting for funds or liquidating advances taken.
- Contribute to the growth of the organization's by participating in developmental programs.
- Keep up to date with the developments in the field and own area of expertise
- Attend management meeting when requested upon.
- Any other duties assigned by the supervisor
- Preparing Payment Vouchers and ensuring that transactions are coded properly and have all the necessary Support Documents
- Taking Payment Vouchers for Checking and Approval by the mandated Officials
- Raising Cheques and having them signed by the Authorised Officials
- Entering the Signed Cheques into the Cheque Register and Handing them over to the Administrative Officer for Cashing/Distribution to the Payees
Internal: Accountant, director, department heads, administrative officer, office assistant
External: banks, auditors, insurance company, national government (statutory obligations)
- Minimum of Intermediary Professional Accounting qualification or comparable National qualification
- Member of National Accounting body
- Knowledge & experience in Accountaing packages like Pastel Accounting is an added advantage.
- Minimum of 3 years of working experience in a similar role
- Experience within a NGO is preferable
- Experience with budgeting, costing and general accounting
- Analytical skills
- Organizational sensitivity
- Teamwork and cooperation
- Promoting core values of Caritas Chipata

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
About Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, Yola
Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, with its administrative headquarters in Yola, Adamawa State, is one of the twelve (12) River Basin Development Authorities established under Decree No. 25 of 1976. as amended by Decree No. 35 of 1987. The functions of the Authority include the development of water resources potentials within its defined area of jurisdiction. The operational area covers, the whole of Gombe and Taraba States, Adamawa central and south senatorial districts and Bauchi south senatorial district.
To provide integrated and sustainable water resources develpment within the upper benue basin.
1. To provide food security through irrigated agriculture, hydropower generation, portable water supply, flood and erosion control and sustainable water shed management.
2. To develop and maintain up-to date Water Resources master plan and data bank in the Upper Benue Basin.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Have you ever wonderedthat there are dinosaurs that thrived in the whole world but non in India? Then let me tell you-There are some fearsome and powerful dinosaurs ( not only herbivores, Carnivores too!) that thrived in India. One of them is the Rajasaurus, Raja means Rex/King and Saurus means Reptiles/Lizards, technically it's king lizard. It was one of the largest carnivorous dinosaur found in India! It was about 25 to 30 feet (7.6 to 9 meters) long, and about 8 feet (2.4 meters) tall. It fed upon carnivorous dinosaurs like Compsosuchus and Pradhania, and some herbivorous dinosaurs such as Kotasaurus, Isisaurus and Barapasaurus.
Rajasaurs had a real tough timedealing with some dinosaurs such as Orthogoniosaurus, Dahalokely and Indosuchus for food and territory. There were some dinosaurs like Dravidosaurusthe true relative of Stegosaurus and also the Brachypodosaurus-the Indian Ankylosaurus,which could take the head out of the Rajasaurus in just one swipe.


text: SCHEMA COERCION: USING DATABASE META-INFORMATION TO FACILITATE DATA TRANSFER by Terence Critchlow A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of Utah in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Computer Science The University of Utah June 1997 ABSTRACT As more information becomes available, the ability to quickly incorporate new and diverse data sources into existing database systems becomes critical. Schema coercion addresses this need by defining the mapping between databases as a collection of mappings between corresponding constructs. This work defines a comprehensive schema coercion tool: it transforms schemata into corresponding ER representations, identifies correspondences between them, and uses these correspondences to generate a program that automatically transfers data between the databases. In addition to creating a useful tool, this work addresses the significant theoretical problems associated with resolving representational and semantic conflicts between heterogeneous data sources. The approach advocated by this dissertation associates confidences with correspondences, and meta-information with schemata. This approach has successfully reduced the amount of interaction required to define several coercions, including a complex coercion between diverse genetics databases.


text:
4096 hz is the activation frequency of quartz crystals. The crystal is activated by beating the tuning fork directly on the base of the crystal itself; this very high frequency amplifies the specific properties of the crystals through sound activation. The frequency of 4096 hz has been indicated by the sound scientist John Worrell Keely as the one that makes the crystal structure of quartz vibrate. Many people also use it as a sound smudge to purify environments.
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text:
1. Open GameCIH
2. Select "Input Number"
3. Input the amount you want to change
4. Change the values a few times until you get 1-2 addresses
5. Lock the value(s)
6. Commit an action (such as making a recipe) for the change(s) to take effect
(I tried to change the popularity values, but I'd get 0 addresses every time)


exceeded, limit logging of the event in question. Think of a time limit : You could limit how many times a certain rule may be matched in a certain time frame, for example to lessen the effects of DoS syn flood attacks. This is its main usage, but there are more usages, of course. The limit match may also be inverted by adding a ! flag in front of the limit match. It would then be expressed as -m limit ! --limit 5/s.This means that all packets will be matched after they have broken thelimit.
To further explain the limit match, it is basically a token bucket filter. Consider having a leaky bucket where the bucket leaks X packets per time-unit. X is defined depending on how many matching packets we get, so if we get 3 packets, the bucket leaks 3 packets per that time-unit. The --limit option tells us how many packets to refill the bucket with per time-unit, while the --limit-burst option tells us how big the bucket is in the first place. So, setting --limit 3/minute --limit-burst 5, and then receiving 5 matches will empty the bucket. After 20 seconds, the bucket is refilled with another token, and so on until the --limit-burst is reached again or until they get used.
Consider the example below for further explanation of how this may look.
 1. We set a rule with -m limit --limit 5/second --limit-burst 10. The limit-burst token bucket is set to 10 initially. Each packet that matches the rule uses a token.
 2. We get packet that matches, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10, all within a 1/1000 of a second.
 3. The token bucket is now empty. Once the token bucket is empty, the packets that qualify for the rule otherwise no longer match the rule and proceed to the next rule if any, or hit the chain policy.
 4. For each 1/5 s without a matching packet, the token count goes up by 1, upto a maximum of 10. 2 seconds after receiving the 10 packets, we will once again have 10 tokens left.
 5. And of course, the bucket will be emptied by 1 token for each packet it receives.
MAC match[edit]
The MAC (Ethernet Media Access Control) match can be used to match packets based on their MAC source address. As of writing this documentation, this match is a little bit limited, however, in the future this may be more evolved and may be more useful. This match can be used to match packets on the source MAC address only as previously said.
Do note that to use this module we explicitly load it with the -m mac option. The reason that I am saying this is that a lot of people wonder if it should not be -m mac-source, which it should not.
Mark match[edit]
The mark match extension is used to match packets based on the marks they have set. A mark is a special field, only maintained within the kernel, that is associated with the packets as they travel through the computer. Marks may be used by different kernel routines for such tasks as traffic shaping and filtering. As of today, there is only one way of setting a mark in Linux, namely the MARK target in iptables. This was previously done with the FWMARK target in ipchains, and this is why people still refer to FWMARK in advanced routing areas. The mark field is currently set to an unsigned integer, or _PHONE_ possible values on a 32 bit system. In other words, you are probably not going to run into this limit for quite some time.
Multiport match[edit]
The multiport match extension can be used to specify multiple destination ports and port ranges. Without the possibility this match gives, you would have to use multiple rules of the same type, just to match different ports.
You can not use both standard port matching and multiport matching at the same time, for example you can't write: --sport 1024:63353 -m multiport --dport 21,23,80. This will simply not work. What in fact happens, if you do, is that iptables honors the first element in the rule, and ignores the multiport instruction.
Owner match[edit]
The owner match extension is used to match packets based on the identity of the process that created them. The owner can be specified as the process ID either of the user who issued the command in question, that of the group, the process, the session, or that of the command itself. This extension was originally written as an example of what iptables could be used for. The owner match only works within the OUTPUT chain, for obvious reasons: It is pretty much impossible to find out any information about the identity of the instance that sent a packet from the other end, or where there is an intermediate hop to the real destination. Even within the OUTPUT chain it is not very reliable, since certain packets may not have an owner. Notorious packets of that sort are (among other things) the different ICMP responses. ICMP responses will never match.
State match[edit]
The state match extension is used in conjunction with the connection tracking code in the kernel. The state match accesses the connection tracking state of the packets from the conntracking machine. This allows us to know in what state the connection is, and works for pretty much all protocols, including stateless protocols such as ICMP and UDP. In all cases, there will be a default timeout for the connection and it will then be dropped from the connection tracking database. This match needs to be loaded explicitly by adding a -m state statement to the rule. You will then have access to one new match called state.
TOS match[edit]
The TOS match can be used to match packets based on their TOS field. TOS stands for Type Of Service, consists of 8 bits, and is located in the IP header. This match is loaded explicitly by adding -m tos to the rule. TOS is normally used to inform intermediate hosts of the precedence of the stream and its content (it doesn't really, but it informs of any specific requirements for the stream, such as it having to be sent as fast as possible, or it needing to be able to send as much payload as possible). How different routers and administrators deal with these values depends. Most do not care at all, while others try their best to do something good with the packets in question and the data they provide.
TTL match[edit]
The TTL match is used to match packets based on their TTL (Time To Live) field residing in the IP headers. The TTL field contains 8 bits of data and is decremented once every time it is processed by an intermediate host between the client and recipient host. If the TTL reaches 0, an ICMP type 11 code 0 (TTL equals 0 during transit) or code 1 (TTL equals 0 during reassembly) is transmitted to the party sending the packet and informing it of the problem. This match is only used to match packets based on their TTL, and not to change anything. The latter, incidentally, applies to all kinds of matches. To load this match, you need to add an -m ttl to the rule.
The target/jumps tells the rule what to do with a packet that is a perfect match with the match section of the rule. There are a couple of basic targets, the ACCEPT and DROP targets, which we will deal with first. However, before we do that, let us have a brief look at how a jump is done.
The jump specification is done in exactly the same way as in the target definition, except that it requires a chain within the same table to jump to. To jump to a specific chain, it is of course a prerequisite that that chain exists. As we have already explained, a user-defined chain is created with the -N command. For example, let's say we create a chain in the filter table called tcp_packets, like this: iptables -N tcp_packets
We could then add a jump target to it like this:
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -j tcp_packets
We would then jump from the INPUT chain to the tcp_packets chain and start traversing that chain. When/If we reach the end of that chain, we get dropped back to the INPUT chain and the packet starts traversing from the rule one step below where it jumped to the other chain (tcp_packets in this case). If a packet is ACCEPTed within one of the sub chains, it will be ACCEPT'ed in the superset chain also and it will not traverse any of the superset chains any further. However, do note that the packet will traverse all other chains in the other tables in a normal fashion.
Targets on the other hand specify an action to take on the packet in question. We could for example, DROP or ACCEPT the packet depending on what we want to do. There are also a number of other actions we may want to take, which we will describe further on in this section. Jumping to targets may incur different results, as it were. Some targets will cause the packet to stop traversing that specific chain and superior chains as described above. Good examples of such rules are DROP and ACCEPT. Rules that are stopped, will not pass through any of the rules further on in the chain or in superior chains. Other targets, may take an action on the packet, after which the packet will continue passing through the rest of the rules. A good example of this would be the LOG,


How do I set up application links where address of 3rd party application servers is unknown?
Hi folks!
I'd like to use Confluence's support for Basic HTTP Authentication for an Application Link to allow for a 3rd party app to log in to confluence under a specific account.
Everything looks doable using the application links setup, except for the fact that you need to know the URL of the application sending the authentication information to Confluence. What do we do when this is not know? For example, what if we have multiple instances of this application at different URLs that we want to allow to access Confluence? Or, what if their URLs change?
Is there a way that we can have Confluence grant access for any incoming traffic that uses the correct basic HTTP authentication credentials regardless of what its URL is?
In short, here's what I'm trying to achieve:
 1. Confluence server is locked down so there is no anonymous access.
 2. Users of 3rd party system can click a link in 3rd party system to open a page in confluence. From then on they can browse around content in confluence until (and unless) they decide to log out (or their session times out, etc).
 3. Note: 3rd party system may be installed in multiple concurrent locations, might not know their URLs, etc...
2 answers
1 accepted
You shouldn't need to do anything to configure incoming basic authentication into Confluence.
I know it's confusing but configuring incoming basic authentication via Application Links is used to make it easier to set up a 2-way link between two Application Link aware applications. These are usually Atlassian applications. For example, JIRA and Confluence.
The trick to doing what you want is that Confluence won't send a basic challenge via a 401 http response but instead will try and redirect an unauthenticated request to the login screen. Therefore, your 3rd party app will need to send the basic credentials in its request without being challenged. Does this make sense?
Interesting Ryan! So, you'd do something like this (python example)?
import urllib
f = urllib.urlopen("http://username:_EMAIL_/spacekey/pagename")
print f.read()
Strange example I know. I'm just trying to verify the syntax for passing username and password through the request. You do it this way, and not via key value pairs or some other means, correct?
No, you need to set the basic Auth headers. AFAIK, that syntax depends on your browser transforming the url into a proper Basic Auth request.
I don't know python but you want something like
import urllib
opener = urllib.URLOpener({})
opener.addheader("Authorization", "Basic " + base64.b64encode("Aladdin:open sesame"))
f = opener.open("_URL_
That doesn't sound too secure to me, which would be why it isn't supported. What you are saying is that you will allow anyone to access your server if they have authenticated with their own server, no matter what server it was. I think you'd be better advised to really determine who you will extend trust to.
Hi Jim!
I think the intent here is to do this: In instances of our web application, we have a certain class of users (administrators) who will be in and out of the confluence server (documentation). We will create accounts for these users in confluence, but want to provide them with a seamless experience so if they follow a link to a confluence page from our application, they will be logged in under their own account and won't be prompted for a PW.
In my initial description, "users" was a bit broad. It is NOT any user of our application...it is only administrators (and we will create accounts for each of them).
So I think what I am saying is this, "Any administer of our system will have an account created in confluence, and can follow links from our apps to pages in confluence. Authentication will take place transparently to the user when they follow these links."
-Michael
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Documentation
servicenow.event() function
servicenow.event() is a user-contributed function maintained by the package author and can be updated or removed at any time.
servicenow.event() sends an event to ServiceNow.
ServiceNow Event API fields are described in ServiceNow Create Event documentation.
Function type signature
(
 description: A,
 password: string,
 severity: B,
 url: string,
 username: string,
 ?additionalInfo: C,
 ?messageKey: D,
 ?metricName: E,
 ?metricType: F,
 ?node: G,
 ?resource: H,
 ?source: I,
) => int where B: Equatable, C: Equatable
For more information, see Function type signatures.
Parameters
url
(Required) ServiceNow web service URL.
username
(Required) ServiceNow username to use for HTTP BASIC authentication.
password
(Required) ServiceNow password to use for HTTP BASIC authentication.
description
(Required) Event description.
severity
(Required) Severity of the event.
Supported values:
 - critical
 - major
 - minor
 - warning
 - info
 - clear
source
Source name. Default is "Flux".
node
Node name or IP address related to the event. Default is an empty string ("").
metricType
Metric type related to the event (for example, CPU). Default is an empty string ("").
resource
Resource related to the event (for example, CPU-1). Default is an empty string ("").
metricName
Metric name related to the event (for example, usage_idle). Default is an empty string ("").
messageKey
Unique identifier of the event (for example, the InfluxDB alert ID). Default is an empty string (""). If an empty string, ServiceNow generates a value.
additionalInfo
Additional information to include with the event.
Examples
Send the last reported value and incident type to ServiceNow
import "contrib/bonitoo-io/servicenow"
import "influxdata/influxdb/secrets"
username = secrets.get(key: "SERVICENOW_USERNAME")
password = secrets.get(key: "SERVICENOW_PASSWORD")
lastReported =
 from(bucket: "example-bucket")
 |> range(start: -1m)
 |> filter(fn: (r) => r._measurement == "cpu" and r._field == "usage_idle")
 |> last()
 |> findRecord(fn: (key) => true, idx: 0)
servicenow.event(
 url: "_URL_
 username: username,
 password: password,
 node: lastReported.host,
 metricType: lastReported._measurement,
 resource: lastReported.instance,
 metricName: lastReported._field,
 severity:
 if lastReported._value < 1.0 then
 "critical"
 else if lastReported._value < 5.0 then
 "warning"
 else
 "info",
 additionalInfo: {"devId": r.dev_id},
)
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text:
DIBELS Nonsense Word Fluency
Description of the NWF Measure
The DIBELS Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) measure is a standardized, individually administered test of the alphabetic principle including letter-sound correspondence in which letters represent their most common sounds and of the ability to blend letters into words in which letters represent their most common sounds (Kaminski & Good, 1996). The student is presented an 8.5" x 11" sheet of paper with randomly ordered VC and CVC nonsense words (e.g., sig, rav, ov) and asked to verbally produce the individual letter sounds in each word, or read the whole word. For example, if the stimulus word is "pov" the student could say /p/ /o/ /v/ or say the word /pov/ to obtain a total of three letter-sounds correct. The student is allowed 1 minute to produce as many letter-sounds as he/she can, and the final score is the number of letter-sounds produced correctly in one minute. Because the measure is fluency based, students should receive a higher score if they are phonologically recoding the word, as they will be more efficiently producing the letter sounds, and receive a lower score if they are providing letter sounds in isolation. The intent of this measure is that students are able to read unfamiliar words as whole words, not just name letter sounds as fast as they can.
The NWF measure takes about 2 minutes to administer and has over 20 alternate forms for monitoring progress.
DIBELS 6th Edition Technical Adequacy of the NWF Measure
The one-month, alternate-form reliability for NWF in January of first grade is.83 (Good, Kaminski, Shinn, Bratten, Shinn, Laimon, Smith, & Flindt, 2004). The concurrent criterion-validity of DIBELS NWF with the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery-Revised Readiness Cluster score is.36 in January and.59 in February of first grade (Good et al., 2004). The predictive validity of DIBELS NWF in January of first grade with (a) CBM ORF in May of first grade is.82, (b) CBM ORF in May of second grade is.60, (c) Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery Total Reading Cluster score is.66 (Good et al., 2004).
How does NWF link to the Big Ideas in Beginning Reading?
NWF is a measure that assesses alphabetic principle skills. Alphabetic Principle (AP) is:
- the ability to associate sounds with letters and use these sounds to form words. It is composed of two parts:
- Alphabetic Understanding: Letters represent sounds in words.
- Phonological Recoding (blending): Letter sounds can be blended together and knowledge of the systematic relationships between letters and phonemes (letter-sound correspondence) can be used to read/decode words.
- a prerequisite to word identification.
To learn more about the Alphabetic Principle, visit the Big Ideas in Beginning Reading website.


text:
Pay PDA! You can easily pay us and have our services or products without any delay. Select the suitable method and follow the instructions.
Method 1 – Pay PDA through a local bank
Just visit nearest National Saving Bank (NSB in Sri Lanka) and deposit or transfer your payment directly to our account.
- Owner – P D Abeywickrama
- Account Number – 100 53 80 72 73 6
- Branch – Maharagama NSB
Then send us an e-mail or SMS included information below. Or call us and inform.
- Product or Service Name – [example – Game Potha 1.0]
- Payment – [example – Rs. 1500/=]
- Date and Time – [example – 04-feb-2013 3.20pm]
- Paid branch – [example – Kandy]
Method 2 – Pay PDA through the internet
We accept your payments via Internet. PayPal, Master Card, Visa or any type of bank transfers are always acceptable. Just contact us and take the secured web page to pay PDA. Do not type any detail anywhere before accessing our secured web page.
Safety tips for online payments
- Remember that paying by credit card offers greater protection than with other methods.
- Double check all details of your payment before confirming.
- Before entering payment details on a website, ensure that the link is secure, in three ways:
- There should be a padlock symbol in the browser window frame, which appears when you attempt to log in or register. Be sure that the padlock is not on the page itself … this will probably indicate a fraudulent site.
- The web address should begin with 'https://'. The 's' stands for 'secure'.
- If using the latest version of your browser, the address bar or the name of the site owner will turn green.
- When making a payment to an individual use a secure payment site such as PayPal – never transfer the money directly into their bank account.
- Always log out of sites into which you have logged in or registered details. Simply closing your browser is not enough to ensure privacy.
- Keep receipts – electronic or otherwise.
- Check credit card and bank statements carefully after payment to ensure that the correct amount has been debited, and also that no fraud has taken place as a result of the transaction.
- Ensure you have effective and updated antivirus/antispyware software and firewall running before you go online.


text:
Our 'Have Your Say' resource aligns with levels 3 and 4 of the New Zealand Curriculum. We've also created a 'Votes for Women' resource which aligns with level 4 of the New Zealand Curriculum.
You can also download slideshows and editable PDFs that you can use to help teach these resources.
Have Your Say – New Zealand Curriculum levels 3 and 4
This resource aims to encourage your students to have their say on decisions that affect their lives.
We based this resource on civics education, which helps students engage with and take part in the democratic process.
Use this resource to promote your students' critical thinking and increase their knowledge of citizens' rights and responsibilities to contribute to and take part in decision-making.
Votes for Women – New Zealand Curriculum level 4
Use this resource to connect the suffragists' achievement to how voters engage with and take part in democracy today.


IBM Support
DB2 HANG DATA COLLECTION
Technical Blog Post
Abstract
DB2 HANG DATA COLLECTION
Body
Problem definition: -
Every DBA has encountered a problem when the database is not responding and had to use the failover mechanism to bring the service back up. In this article, we will move from defining different types of hangs and what to collect to debug the problem. Scope of this document is single partitioned database hosted on Linux/Unix and Windows. This data collection is to get close to the complete data set i.e. covering recursion, latching and other symptoms but sometime support might have to ask more debug data is the problem include O.S API's etc.
image-20200224151737-1
Hard hang: -When DB2 does not respond to any commands on CLP such as DB2 "list applications" does not return the prompt back. DB2 typically makes many OS level calls which requires to execute in kernel space and potentially can get stuck there for whatever reason. From DB2 user perspective, we would divide into as
 - Every DB2 command related to the processing such as connect to DB, existing connection executing any select hangs. Get snapshot commands or mon report did not return the prompt back and db2pd commands are also timing out
Passive Hang: - When DB2 engine responds but at a very slow pace but OS commands are running fine without any delay. Example would be, DB2 list applications takes several minutes to return the value. vmstat/iostat and top/topas commands are showing values without any issue.
Data collection: -
In a hang state, the most essential data to debug the problem are stack traces for all the edus (Engine dispatched unit) under db2sysc process. We are covering the stack collection in 2 ways, one from DB2 infrastructure and one from O.S. The reason for both DB2 and O.S is to cover both user space information and kernel space. There are cases when the signal handler might miss the stack dump signal if it is in kernel code path.
The first and most important thing is the classification of the hang. The most common command used for data collection in such scenarios is db2fodc -hang full or db2fodc -hang basic.
db2fodc -hang full: - It collects data using db2cos infrastructure which would include stacks, traces, snapshots and O.S information. It is most suitable for the passive hang situations.
db2fodc -hang basic: - As the name suggests, it collects the subset of the information as compare to full option. Best suitable for the situations when the new connections are hanging but your existing connection is able to process the request.
Hard hang: - When every db2 command hangs on the CLP including db2pd
Assuming that the system resources are not exhausted ( such as memory ) at the time when the problem happens.
AIX :-
vmstat -Iwt 1 30 > vmstat_Iwt.issue.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
iostat -RDTVl 2 15 > iostat_RDTVl.issue.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
ps -kelf >ps.kelf.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
svmon -P 'db2pd -edus | grep "^db2sysc" | awk '{ print $3 }'' > svmon.P.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
svmon -G >svmon.G.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Get db2sysc process id using ps -ef |grep db2sysc
ps -mo THREAD -p <db2sysc pid> >db2sysc.thread.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
procstack <db2sysc pid> >pstack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Wait for 30 second
procstack <db2sysc pid> >pstack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Wait for 30 second
procstack <db2sysc pid> >pstack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
AS root:-
Download the tool pdump.sh from _URL_ and then run it as
pdump.sh –l <db2sysc pid>
sleep 60
pdump.sh –l <db2sysc pid>
Note: Sometimes if db2sysc has lot of threads, it can take some time to dump, so please be patient
If the above is not working, then get stacks of ALL the threads using the following commands:
echo 'th *' | kdb -script >thread.list
egrep -v "NONE|ZOMB" thread.list | egrep pvthr | tr '*!>' ' ' | awk '{print "f "$2}' | kdb -script > thread.stacks.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Wait for 30 seconds
echo 'th *' | kdb -script >thread.list
egrep -v "NONE|ZOMB" thread.list | egrep pvthr | tr '*!>' ' ' | awk '{print "f "$2}' | kdb -script > thread.stacks.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
LINUX :-
vmstat 1 30 > vmstat.issue.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
iostat -xt 2 15 > iostat_xt.issue.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
ps -eLf >ps_eLf.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
top -b -n 2 -d 10 >top.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Get db2sysc process id using ps -ef |grep db2sysc
gstack should be installed on the machine.
As DB2 instance owner OR root
gstack <db2sysc pid> >gstack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Wait for 30 second
gstack <db2sysc pid> >gstack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
Wait for 30 second
gstack <db2sysc pid> >gstack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
The above prints the user side stack of the threads.
To get the kernel side of the stacks, as user root, issue the following commands:
echo "1" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
echo "t" > /proc/sysrq-trigger ( This will dump the stacks of all threads )
dmesg > kernel.stack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
wait for 30 second
echo "1" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
echo "t" > /proc/sysrq-trigger ( This will dump the stacks of all threads )
dmesg > kernel.stack.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
echo "0" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
Windows: -
db2bddbg -d db2ntDumpTid <path> -1 stack.1
Wait for 30 second
db2bddbg -d db2ntDumpTid <path> -1 stack.2
Once it is done try to format the stacks using
db2xprt stack.1 stack.fmt.1
db2xprt stack.2 stack.fmt.2
When DB2 commands hang but db2pd is responding.
AIX:-
O.S commands: -
vmstat -Iwt 1 30 > vmstat_Iwt.issue.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
iostat -RDTVl 2 15 > iostat_RDTVl.issue.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S''
ps -kelf >ps.kelf.'date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M


Certified Computer Fundamentals MS Office Professional Learning Resources Move an image
Learning Resources
Move an image
Examples of moving handles
Moving handles for different types of graphics:
Callout 1 An image "from file."
Callout 2 The drawing canvas with a drawing on it.
As with resizing, the same basic principle applies to moving most types of graphics: You select the image, and then drag it into position.
Unlike resizing, there are some minor variations, depending on the type of graphic:
 - For images on the drawing canvas, you can move both the drawing canvas and the image. Position the pointer over the image or over the border of the drawing canvas (if the drawing canvas isn't visible, click the image and it will appear). When the four-headed arrow Pointer image appears, you can drag the image or the drawing canvas.
 - For images not on the drawing canvas, the four-headed arrow does not appear. However, as soon as you begin to drag the image, a small box Pointer and move box appears next to the pointer and a special insertion point appears on the same line of text as the pointer to help guide your positioning. This is especially helpful if you're positioning an image near or inside text, as you'll see in the following section.
 - For diagrams (including organization charts), you need to select the diagram, and then position the pointer over the its border. When the four-headed arrow Pointer image appears, you can drag the diagram.


text:
Definition of bellowing
p. pr. & vb. n. - of Bellow 2
The word "bellowing" uses 9 letters: B E G I L L N O W.
Direct anagrams of bellowing:
Adding one letter to bellowing does not form any other word in this word list.Words within bellowing not shown as it has more than seven letters.
All words formed from bellowing by changing one letter
Browse words starting with bellowing by next letter

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Abstract
Why do Babies Fall Asleep in Moving Cars?
Thomas Köhn, Oliver Kissling
We wanted to find out why babies fall asleep so easily in moving cars. We asked parents with small babies and tested their theories with vacuum cleaner experiments. We found that neither the engine sound nor the rocking movement of a moving car alone is sufficient to calm the baby. Only their combination lets the baby drift off to sleep quickly.
Miniforschung - St. Michael-Gymnasium Bad Münstereifel - Disclaimer, privacy policy, imprint


text:
[OPTICAL REVIEW Vol. 7, No. 6 (2000) 576-578]
Throughput Measurement of a Multilayer-Coated Schwarzschild Objective Using Synchrotron Radiation
Takanori KIYOKURA,1 Fumihiko MAEDA,1 Yoshio WATANABE,1 Yoshinori IKETAKI,2 Koumei NAGAI,2Yoshiaki HORIKAWA,2 Masaharu OSHIMA,3 Eiji SHIGEMASA4 and Akira YAGISHITA4
1NTT Basic Research Laboratories, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa _PHONE_ Japan, 2Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., 2-3 Kuboyamacho, Hachioji, Tokyo, _PHONE_ Japan, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, _PHONE_ Japan, 4High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, _PHONE_ Japan
(Received June 13, 2000; Accepted June 30, 2000)
The throughput of a Schwarzschild objective using undulator synchrotron radiation was measured. Conventionally, the throughput was estimated from the squared reflectivity of one multilayer mirror and from the obstruction ratio. However, we evaluated the transmission ratio from the input and output photon flux using a precisely calibrated monochromatic beam from an undulator light source. It was found that the objective has a maximum throughput of 8.5% at a wavelength of 13.9 nm.
Key words : Schwarzschild objective multilayer, synchrotron radiation, throughput, soft X-ray, monochromator


Understanding Very Large Numbers
It helps to think in terms of groups of three zeros
Bigger than a trillion
ThoughtCo
Have you ever wondered what number comes after a trillion? Or how many zeros there are in a vigintillion? Some day you might need to know this for a science or math class, or if you happen to enter one of several mathematical or scientific fields.
Numbers Bigger Than a Trillion
The digit zero plays an important role as you count very large numbers. It helps to track these multiples of 10 because the larger the number is, the more zeros are needed.
Name Number of Zeros Groups of 3 Zeros
Ten 1 0
Hundred 2 0
Thousand 3 1 (1,000)
Ten thousand 4 1 (10,000)
Hundred thousand 5 1 (100,000)
Million 6 2 (1,000,000)
Billion 9 3(1,000,000,000)
Trillion 12 4 (1,000,000,000,000)
Quadrillion 15 5
Quintillion 18 6
Sextillion 21 7
Septillion 24 8
Octillion 27 9
Nonillion 30 10
Decillion 33 11
Undecillion 36 12
Duodecillion 39 13
Tredecillion 42 14
Quattuordecillion 45 15
Quindecillion 48 16
Sexdecillion 51 17
Septen-decillion 54 18
Octodecillion 57 19
Novemdecillion 60 20
Vigintillion 63 21
Centillion 303 101
Grouping Zeros by Threes
Many people find it easy to understand that the number 10 has one zero, 100 has two zeros, and 1,000 has three zeros. These numbers are used all the time in daily living, whether it is dealing with money or counting something as simple as our music playlist or the mileage on our cars.
When you get to million, billion, and trillion, things become a little more complicated. How many zeros come after the one in a trillion? It's hard to keep track of that and count each individual zero, so these long numbers have been broken down into groups of three zeros.
For example, it's much easier to remember that a trillion is written with four sets of three zeros than it is to count out 12 separate zeros. While you might think that one's pretty simple, just wait until you have to count 27 zeros for an octillion or 303 zeros for a centillion. Then you will be thankful that you only have to remember nine and 101 sets of three zeros, respectively.
Powers of 10 Shortcut
In mathematics and science, you can rely on the "powers of 10" to quickly express exactly how many zeros are needed for these larger numbers. For example, a shortcut for writing out a trillion is 1012 (10 to the power of 12). The 12 indicates that the number needs a total of 12 zeros.
You can see how much easier these are to read than if there were just a bunch of zeros:
Quintillion = 1018 or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
Decillion = 1033 or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
The Enormous Numbers: Googol and Googolplex
You are probably very familiar with the search engine and tech company Google. Did you know that the name was inspired by another very large number? Though the spelling is different, the googol and the googolplex played a role in the naming of the tech giant.
A googol has 100 zeros and is expressed as 10100. It is often used to express any large quantity, even though it is a quantifiable number. It makes sense that the largest search engine that pulls a large quantity of data from the internet would find this word useful.
The term googol was coined by the American mathematician Edward Kasner in his 1940 book, "Mathematics and the Imagination." The story goes that Kasner asked his then 9-year-old nephew, Milton Sirotta, what to name this ridiculously long number. Sirotta came up with googol.
But why is a googol important if it's actually less than a centillion? Quite simply, a googol is used to define a googolplexA googolplex is 10 to the power of googol, a number that boggles the mind. In fact, a googolplex is so large that there's really no known use for it. Some say that it even exceeds the total number of atoms in the universe.
The googolplex is not even the largest number defined to date. Mathematicians and scientists have also devised "Graham's number" and "Skewes number." Both of these require a math degree to even begin to understand.
Short and Long Scales of a Billion
If you thought the concept of a googolplex is tricky, some people cannot even agree on what defines a billion. In the U.S. and most of the world, it is accepted that 1 billion equals 1,000 million. It is written as 1,000,000,000 or 109. This number is used often in science and finance, and it is called the "short scale."
In the "long scale," 1 billion is equal to 1 million million. For this number, you will need a 1 followed by 12 zeros: 1,000,000,000,000 or 1012. The long scale was first described by Genevieve Guitel in 1975. It is used in France and, for a time, was accepted in the United Kingdom as well.
Format
mla apa chicago
Your Citation
Fleming, Grace. "Understanding Very Large Numbers." ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, _URL_-a-trillion-_PHONE_. Fleming, Grace. (2020, August 27). Understanding Very Large Numbers. Retrieved from _URL_ Fleming, Grace. "Understanding Very Large Numbers." ThoughtCo. _URL_ (accessed July 2, 2022).


text:
Wacona Elementary School first graders have been learning about 2D and 3D shapes. Mrs. Carol Reed's class learned how shapes are used in every facet of their lives. There are shapes all around us, in our homes, at our school, and in our community. Students learned that foods have different shapes, such as oranges shaped like a circle, brownies shaped like squares or rectangles, and pizza cut into triangles.
After discussing many types of foods, the class decided to make pizza. The students were put into groups to make different types of pizzas using pepperoni shaped like circles, cheese cut into rectangles, and ham cut into cubes and squares. They cut the cooked pizzas into triangles. They enjoyed learning about shapes they could eat!!! Mr. Chancey is the principal of Wacona Elementary.
Pictured L to R - Khole M., Makinsley R., Jayce P., Gihad T., Victor R., and Breck B.


.
 ?ville db-prop:longitude?long.
 ?ville db-prop:latitude?lat.
 FILTER (?population > 1000)
 treatments = {1: {'normalization': [aln.simply],
 'metric': ald.levenshtein,
 'matrix_normalized': False
 results = ala.alignall(alignset, targetset, 3, treatments=treatments, _TAG_ before
 indexes=(2, 2), _TAG_ which data build the kdtree
 mode='kdtree', _TAG_ mode to use
 uniq=True) _TAG_ only the best results
 Let's explain the code. We have two files, containing a list of cities we want to align, the first column is the identifier, and the second is the name of the city and the last one is location of the city (longitude and latitude), gathered into a single tuple.
 In this example, we want to build a kdtree on the couple (longitude, latitude) to divide our data in few candidates. This clustering is coarse, and is only used to reduce the potential candidats without loosing any more refined possible matchs.
 So, in the next step, we define the treatments to apply. It is the same as before, but we ask for a non-normalized matrix (ie: the real output of the levenshtein distance). Thus, we call the alignall function. indexes is a tuple saying the position of the point on which the kdtree must be built, mode is the mode used to find neighbours [3].
 Finally, uniq ask to the function to return the best candidate (ie: the one having the shortest distance below the given threshold)
 The function outputs a generator yielding tuples where the first element is the identifier of the alignset item and the second is the targetset one (It may take some time before yielding the first tuples, because all the computation must be done…)
 [3]The available modes are kdtree, kmeans and minibatch for numerical data and minhashing for text one.
 Try it online!
 We have also made this little application of Nazca, using Cubicweb. This application provides a user interface for Nazca, helping you to choose what you want to align. You can use sparql or rql queries, as in the previous example, or import your own cvs file [4]. Once you have choosen what you want to align, you can click the Next step button to customize the treatments you want to apply, just as you did before in python! Once done, by clicking the Next step, you start the alignment process. Wait a little bit, and you can either download the results in a csv or rdf file, or directly see the results online choosing the html output.
 [4]Your csv file must be tab-separated for the moment…
 - Openstack, Wheezy and ZFS on Linux
 2012/12/19 by David Douard
 Openstack, Wheezy and ZFS on Linux
 A while ago, I started the install of an OpenStack cluster at Logilab, so our developers can play easily with any kind of environment. We are planning to improve our Apycot automatic testing platform so it can use "elastic power". And so on.
 I first tried a Ubuntu Precise based setup, since at that time, Debian packages were not really usable. The setup never reached a point where it could be relased as production ready, due to the fact I tried a too complex and bleeding edge configuration (involving Quantum, openvswitch, sheepdog)...
 Meanwhile, we went really short of storage capacity. For now, it mainly consists in hard drives distributed in our 19" Dell racks (generally with hardware RAID controllers). So I recently purchased a low-cost storage bay (SuperMicro SC937 with a 6Gb/s JBOD-only HBA) with 18 spinning hard drives and 4 SSDs. This storage bay being driven by ZFS on Linux (tip: the SSD-stored ZIL is a requirement to get decent performances). This storage setup is still under test for now.
 I also went to the last Mini-DebConf in Paris, where Loic Dachary presented the status of the OpenStack packaging effort in Debian. This gave me the will to give a new try to OpenStack using Wheezy and a bit simpler setup. But I could not consider not to use my new ZFS-based storage as a nova volume provider. It is not available for now in OpenStack (there is a backend for Solaris, but not for ZFS on Linux). However, this is Python and in fact, the current ISCSIDriver backend needs very little to make it work with zfs instead of lvm as "elastics" block-volume provider and manager.
 So, I wrote a custom nova volume driver to handle this. As I don't want the nova-volume daemon to run on my ZFS SAN, I wrote this backend mixing the SanISCSIDriver (which manages the storage system via SSH) and the standard ISCSIDriver (which uses standard Linux isci target tools). I'm not very fond of the API of the VolumeDriver (especially the fact that the ISCSIDriver is responsible for 2 roles: managing block-level volumes and exporting block-level volumes). This small design flaw (IMHO) is the reason I had to duplicate some code (not much but...) to implement my ZFSonLinuxISCSIDriver...
 So here is the setup I made:
 My OpenStack Essex "cluster" consists for now in:
 - one control node, running in a "normal" libvirt-controlled virtual machine; it is a Wheezy that runs:
 - nova-api
 - nova-cert
 - nova-network
 - nova-scheduler
 - nova-volume
 - glance
 - postgresql
 - OpenStack dashboard
 - one computing node (Dell R310, Xeon X3480, 32G, Wheezy), which runs:
 - nova-api
 - nova-network
 - nova-compute
 - ZFS-on-Linux SAN (3x raidz1 poools made of 6 1T drives, 2x (mirrored) 32G SLC SDDs, 2x 120G MLC SSDs for cache); for now, the storage is exported to the SAN via one 1G ethernet link.
 OpensStack Essex setup
 I mainly followed the Debian HOWTO to setup my private cloud. I mainly tuned the network settings to match my environement (and the fact my control node lives in a VM, with VLAN stuff handled by the host).
 I easily got a working setup (I must admit that I think my previous experiment with OpenStack helped a lot when dealing with custom configurations... and vocabulary; I'm not sure I would have succeded "easily" following the HOWTO, but hey, it is a functionnal HOWTO, meaning if you do not follow the instructions because you want special tunings, don't blame the HOWTO).
 Compared to the HOWTO, my nova.conf looks like (as of today):
 root_helper=sudo nova-rootwrap
 ## Network config
 # A nova-network on each compute node
 # VLan manger
 # My ip
 # Dmz & metadata things
 ## More general things
 # The RabbitMQ host
 ## Glance
 I had a bit more work to do to make nova-volume work. First, I got hit by this nasty bug #695791 which is trivial to fix... when you know how to fix it (I noticed the bug report after I fixed it by myself).
 Then, as I wanted the volumes to be stored and exported by my shiny new ZFS-on-Linux setup, I had to write my own volume driver, which was quite easy, since it is Python, and the logic to implement was already provided by the ISCSIDriver class on the one hand, and by the SanISCSIDrvier on the other hand. So I ended with this firt implementation. This file should be copied to nova volumes package directory (nova/volume/
 # vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
 # Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
 # Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
 # Copyright 2011 Justin Santa Barbara
 # Copyright 2012 David DOUARD, LOGILAB S.A.
 # All Rights Reserved.
 # a copy of the License at
 # License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 # under the License.
 Driver for ZFS-on-Linux-stored volumes.
 This is mainly a custom version of the ISCSIDriver that uses ZFS as
 volume provider, generally accessed over SSH.
 import os
 from nova import exception
 from nova import flags
 from nova import utils
 from nova import log as logging
 from nova.openstack.common import cfg
 from nova.volume.driver import _iscsi_location
 from nova.volume import iscsi
 from nova.volume.san import SanISCSIDriver
 LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 san_opts = [
 help='The ZFS command.'),
 FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
 class ZFSonLinuxISCSIDriver(SanISCSIDriver):
 """Executes commands relating to ZFS-on


text:
You can add two images either using OpenCV:
cv2.add() or Numpy:
result = img1 + img2
(Both images should be of same depth and type.)There is a major difference between these two.
>>> x = np.uint8()
>>> y = np.uint8()
>>> print cv2.add(x,y) # 250+10 = 260 => 255
>>> print x+y # 250+10 = 260 % 256 = 4
*OpenCV provides better results
Adding images using the previous method is very blunt. Using blending you can get cool transition between two images.
Blending is done by using the OpenCV function
cv2.addWeighted() using the formula:
f(x)=a*img1 + (1-a)img2 + z
where a is the weight.
What we basically do is provide weights to the two images such that they mix with different intensities.
The following code adds two images with weights 0.7 and 0.3.
(Both images should be of same depth and type)
img1 = cv2.imread('img1.png')
img2 = cv2.imread('img2.jpg')
result = cv2.addWeighted(img1,0.7,img2,0.3,0) # z is taken as 0


text:
Environmental quality in urban forests in Campinas – São Paulo State/Brazil
Free (open access)
Volume 2 (2019), Issue 2
117 - 130
Regina Marcia Longo, Alessandra Leite Da Silva, Sueli Do Carmo Bettine, Antonio Carlos Demanboro, Adriano Bressane, Felipe Hashimoto Fengler & Admilson Irio Riberio
The process of ecosystem fragmentation causes three types of changes in the ecosystem: changes of abiotic, direct biotic and indirect biotic nature. Among these changes, some of them are the microclimatic alterations, edge effect, decrease of the gene flow and losses of biodiversity, among others. In this way, the present study aimed to evaluate the environmental quality of forest remnants in a highly urbanized area through environmental indicators and landscape metrics, such as total area, circularity index, shape of forest fragments, nuclear area, connectivity between them, use and occupation around and distance from the nearest neighbor. The indicators were evaluated according to the methodologies established in the literature and grouped into an index to determine the environmental quality of each forest remnant. The index consisted of the sum of the weighted values for each indicator, according to its classification. The results indicate that most forest remnants evaluated in the study area present medium environmental quality, which demonstrates the degree of edge effect to which they are submitted, and this emphasizes the need for appropriate management actions in these areas, in order to soften such external pressures and ensure long-term sustainability. In addition, it was also identified that the metrics related to the area are essentially important for the determination of the environmental quality of forest remnants.
environmental indicators, forest remnants


text:
2000 Volume 53 Issue 5 Pages 199-205
Salacia reticulata is a plant widely known in Sri Lanka to be effective for the prevention of hyperglycemia. It has been shown that an aqueous extract from the stem of Salacia reticulata (SRE) has an inhibitory effect on alpha glucosidase activity and can thereby suppress postprandial hyperglycemia in humans. In this study, a placebo-controlled, cross-over trial was performed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of SRE for prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes. The study subjects were 20 individuals (10 males and 10 females, average age 58.0±15.5yr) with type 2 diabetes. All revealed fasting hyperglycemia but were not on drug therapy. The subjects were divided into two groups, each of which was kept for six weeks on a SRE-containing diet (240mg/day) and a control-diet (placebo), respectively. After 6 weeks, the groups were crossed over, and another set of examinations was performed. Blood samples were obtained for laboratory examination before and after each set. The results indicated that the SRE-containing diet group achieved significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose levels, HbA1C and BMI. In contrast, no changes were observed in the control-diet group. During the trial, no severe side effects of the diet were observed in either group. Thus our present findings suggest the usefulness of a SRE diet for the health care of individuals with mild type 2 diabetes.


text:
The uniformity coefficient (Cu), curvature coefficient (Cc) and the effective size (D10) are the grading characteristics of the soil. These are the geometric properties of a grading curve that describe a particular type of soil.
The features and determination of uniformity coefficient, curvature coefficient and the effective size is described in this article.
Grade Curve Characteristics
A grade size distribution curve is analyzed by using different particle sizes : D60, D30, and D10. The curve is the graph plotted between the percentage finer in y-axis to the particle size in x-axis in logarithmic scale. This is plotted based on the observations from sieve analysis conducted on the soil sample.
Also Read: Sieve Analysis of Soil
In the graph, the different particle sizes D10, D30 and D60 are represented as shown in figure-1 above.
D10 is called as effective particle size. This means that 10% percent of the particles are finer and 90% of the particles are coarser than D10. This is the size at 10% finer by weight.
Similarly, D60 is the particle size at which 60% of the particles are finer and 40% of the particles are coarser than D60 size. D30 is the size at which 30% is finer by weight and remaining 70% particles are coarser than D30 size. Hence, D10, D30 and D60 are used to determine the measures of gradation.
Measures of Gradation
The uniformity coefficient (Cu) and the coefficient of gradation (Cc) are the measures of soil gradation. These coefficients help to classify the soil as well graded or poorly graded ones.
Uniformity Coefficient (Cu)
The uniformity coefficient (Cu) is defined as the ratio of D60 to D10. A value of Cu greater than 4 to 6 classifies the soil as well graded. When Cu is less than 4, it is classified as poorly graded or uniformly graded soil.
Uniformly graded soil has identical particles with Cu value approximately equal to 1. A uniformity coefficient value of 2 or 3 classifies the soil as poorly graded. Beach sand comes under this category.
Higher value of Cu indicates that the soil mass consists of soil particles with different size ranges.
Coefficient of Curvature (Cc)
Coefficient of curvature is given by the formula:
For the soil to be well graded, the value of Cc must range between 1 and 3.
For any single sized soil mass, the value of both Cu and Cc is 1.


text:
Xinyuan Zhou(Shanghai Normal University), Grandee Lee(National University of Singapore), Emre Yilmaz(National University of Singapore), Yanhua Long(Shanghai Normal University), Jiaen Liang(Unisound AI Technology Co., Ltd.) and Haizhou Li(National University of Singapore)
The Transformer has shown impressive performance in automatic speech recognition. It uses the encoder-decoder structure with self-attention to learn the relationship between the high-level representation of the source inputs and embedding of the target outputs. In this paper, we propose a novel decoder structure that features a self-and-mixed attention decoder (SMAD) with a deep acoustic structure (DAS) to improve the acoustic representation of Transformer-based LVCSR. Specifically, we introduce a self-attention mechanism to learn a multi-layer deep acoustic structure for multiple levels of acoustic abstraction. We also design a mixed attention mechanism that learns the alignment between different levels of acoustic abstraction and its corresponding linguistic information simultaneously in a shared embedding space. The ASR experiments on Aishell-1 shown that the proposed structure achieves CERs of 4.8% on the dev set and 5.1% on the test set, which are the best results obtained on this task to the best of our knowledge.


Well, it sucks but it's true. There's a bunch of noise on the Internet about how to do unique constraints in Google App Engine, but it seems like these are the only two safe ways. The thing to remember is, the only uniqueness that GAE will guarantee is on key names.
Approach #1: Make the unique field be the key name
As long as you promise to yourself that you'll never need to change the value, then you should make the unique field be the "key name" in the table. Then you can call db.Model.get_or_insert(key_name) to either retrieve an existing one or create a new one. Too bad in the real world, it's really hard to find something like this. Email addresses never change? Let me check my hotmail account. Social security numbers never change? Well, unless there was a typo. Every time I think I found a unique field that can never change, I'm proven wrong. So you'll never catch me doing this. But YMMV.
Approach #2: Create a separate table to track all used ids
This is pretty slick -- I found it in this article: Add a Unique Constraint to Google App Engine. The approach is to create a new table called Unique, and make the "key name" of each row in Unique be a combination of the name of the table and the unique field value. The downside is that you have extra storage overhead: a new table with the list of unique fields, plus the default indices that GAE makes for it. This is fairly analogous to declaring a unique index in SQL databases, since a unique SQL index is merely a persisted list of unique fields. There's just less overhead in a SQL database implementation because it's only one list, whereas in GAE this user-generated unique index is really one list (for the table) plus the default indices GAE makes for any entity.
I must say that Google is aware of this issue. It looks like they'd have to make some major architectural changes to implement this. My guess is if they ever fix this, they'll sneak in approach #2, above their BigTable support and below the API that us users use.
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I am working with a numerical application where some known techniques solve $\Delta u=\rho$ for $\rho(x,y)\geq0$ defined on a planar rectangle (given as the density of a large pointset). Since the application is related to transportation problems, I suspect that solving Monge-Ampere $\det(D^2 u)=\rho$ (with the same boundary conditions) may work better. Hence, the following questions.
 1. What are the most striking differences between the two PDEs? It would be useful to have examples of $\rho$ leading to very different solutions, and to identify general properties of individual solutions that differ between the two equations. For example, do solutions of Poisson's equation with nonzero $\rho$ minimize some useful functionals?
 2. Are the best numerical techniques for these equations essentially the same? The answers may differ if best is interpreted in terms of speed/convergence, robustness, ease of programming, support in Matlab, or availability of open-source solvers.
 3. Should I expect the (nonlinear) Monge-Ampere equation to be more difficult to solve (numerically) than the Poisson's equation with the same $\rho$ and the same boundary conditions? Is it possible/practical to solve Monge-Ampere by somehow solving/resolving Poisson's equation?
 4. What are good references on these topics?
Just in case, my $\rho$ can be heavily concentrated in small regions, often vanishes in other regions, and may experience sharp steps-like discontinuities. But this can be papered over by Gaussian smoothing (at some cost).
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Thinking aloud: for #1, we may want to consider two cases (1) $\rho$ with well-articulated saddle points and (2) $\rho$ without saddle points. – Igor Markov Feb 6 '12 at 9:56
Your reasons for wanting to consider the Monge-Ampere equation are rather vaguely stated, and your questions about the equation are quite broad. The differences are sufficiently big that you should not pursue this unless the application really does call for the Monge-Ampere equation, which is nonlinear, not necessarily elliptic, and therefore much more difficult to work with numerically. I also see that you are at Michigan, so I encourage you to consult colleagues in the math department and maybe even others in your own department about this. – Deane Yang Feb 6 '12 at 10:26
A basic difference is that the Laplacian is invariant under Euclidean motions, while the Hessian determinant is invariant under unimodular affine motions. – Dan Fox Feb 6 '12 at 14:40
Hmm... I am not sure how to exploit such invariance in my case, since the domain is bounded and $\rho$ seems unlikely to be invariant. – Igor Markov Feb 6 '12 at 23:22
Igor, my point was that the local geometry naturally associated to the two operators is different, so already in the case where the domain is the entire space and $\rho$ is a constant, or for the Dirichlet problem, the equations/solutions behave quite differently. The Monge-Ampere equation is more difficult than the Laplacian. As Deane Yang has pointed out above, the nonlinearity/linearity is one reason. The local geometry is another. On the other hand, by the arithmetic/geometric mean inequality there is some relation. In this regard see papers of Dean/Glowinski about the M-A case. – Dan Fox Feb 7 '12 at 8:22
1 Answer 1
up vote 1 down vote accepted
I agree with Deane Yang's comment and will try to expand on it in this answer.
First, the standard formulation of the Monge-Ampere equation is $ \det(D^2u)=\rho $.
Second, the Monge-Ampere equation and the Poisson equation are completely different, and the numerical techniques for the two problems are very different. The Monge-Ampere equation is fully nonlinear and will in general be much more difficult to solve numerically.
Finally, a recent paper on numerical methods for Monge-Ampere is S.C. Brenner, T. Gudi, M. Neilan, and L.-Y. Sung, C0 penalty methods for the fully nonlinear Monge-Ampere equation, Mathematics of Computation, 80:_PHONE_, 2011. The references inside should give you a starting point for your questions.
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Omitting $det$ in the question was a typo (sorry!) - I fixed that. – Igor Markov Feb 6 '12 at 17:16
_USER_, _USER_ - I am looking at ''A gradient descent solution to the Monge-Kantorovich problem,'' Chartrand et al (Applied Math Sci 2009, 3(22))…. This should explain my interest in $\det(D^2u)=ρ$ (but not the use of $Δu=ρ$ by others). Sections 3 and 4 apparently imply a straightforward numerical solution technique for Monge-Ampere --- consider $f_2=const$ in Formulas 14 and 24. How do I reconcile this with "much more difficult to solve numerically"? Thx for your help. – Igor Markov Feb 6 '12 at 17:32
Igor, I confess to being a pure mathematician who knows very little about numerical solutions of PDE's. My answer was based on the general belief that linear PDE's are usually much easier to solve numerically than nonlinear ones. But the paper you found does appear to find a very nice unconstrained variational approach to solving certain types of elliptic Monge-Ampere equation. If that's exactly what you need, then that's great! – Deane Yang Feb 6 '12 at 17:36
Your Answer


_USER_{Angelini2010Residential, abstract = {With the ageing of the European population, the housing choices of the elderly will have consequences on the whole housing market. In this paper we use data from the first two waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to analyse the residential mobility decisions of the elderly and the factors influencing them in eleven European countries.}, address = {Munich}, author = {Viola Angelini and Anne Laferr\'{e}re}, copyright = {_URL_ keywords = {D10; R21; R28; 330; housing; ageing; residential mobility; housing policy; Wohnstandort; Alte Menschen; Wohnungspolitik; Wirkungsanalyse; Europa}, language = {eng}, number = {3280}, publisher = {Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute (CESifo)}, title = {Residential mobility of the European elderly}, type = {CESifo working paper: Public Choice}, url = {_URL_ year = {2010} }


text:
About Mining in Liberia
Liberia has been plagued by civil war for several years, and, as a result, foreign investment has all but ceased. Liberia?s main mineral products are gold and diamonds, although iron ore used to be a major product.
Artisinal workings account for 98% of gold and diamonds produced. Liberia officially produced 155 000 carats of diamonds in 2001, with this number expected to be several orders of magnitude higher, due to extensive smuggling with bordering Sierre Leone, Guinea and Cote de Ivoire.
There are thought to be between 20 and 30 000 artisinal miners in Liberia. Liberia is currently drafting a new Mineral Development Policy and Mining Code aimed at attracting foreign investment.


Element Package | Enterprise Architect User Guide
Element Package
The Element Package contains information about an element and its associated extended properties such as testing and project management information. An element is the basic item in an Enterprise Architect model. Classes, Use Cases and Components are all different types of UML element.
This diagram illustrates the relationships between an element and its associated extended information. The related information is accessed through the collections owned by the element (for example, Scenarios and Tests). It also includes a full description of the element object (the basic model structural unit).
Example


text:
Falmouth Facts and Figures for 2016
Again our A*-C pass rates in English and Maths are more than 10% higher than the National Averages. 73% of Falmouth School students attained a C or higher in English and Maths compared to the National Average of 58.7%.
Achievement in the 'best 8' progress measure is significantly above national averages at 0.3, and one of the highest in Cornwall.
Our 'Attainment 8' score of 54.8 is also much higher than the National Average of 49.
Progress in the Core subjects of English, Maths and Science is also significantly above National Averages. 25% of the Year 11 students achieved the English Baccalaureate compared to the Cornwall average of 18%.
Our 5A*-C including English and Maths again puts us as one of the top Cornish Schools.
Falmouth College Facts and Figures
Over 70% of grades achieved by Falmouth Sixth Form students were at A*, A, B and C grades at A2 level and 50% of the grades awarded are A* A B.
Falmouth Sixth Form achieved 100% pass rate in vocational courses.
Outstanding achievers at A level included: Poppy Faithful A*AAA (Royal Holloway - Politics and International Relations), Gareth Willetts A*AAAA (Exeter - Mathematical Sciences) Georgia Christophers A*AB (Cardiff - Physiotherapy), Charlotte Reburn A*AAA (Exeter - Medical Science), Charlotte Emsden AAA (Exeter - Medicine), Esther Martin AAB (Leeds - English Literature and Theatre Studies), Alex Pinhay ABB (Plymouth - Midwifery).
Did you know?
- 84% of students achieved A* - C in Science.
- 100% of students achieved A* - C in Triple Science.
- A* - C grades at Falmouth School have risen sharply even though nationally, grades were lower.
- 73% of students achieved 5A* - C including English and Maths – our highest percentage ever!
- 83% of students gained an A* - C grade in English – our best results ever.
- 80% of students gained an A* - C grade in Maths – our best results ever.
- All Falmouth School students made more than expected progress using government measures.
- 10 Students gained 10 or more A* or A GCSE grades.
- Falmouth College students go on to top universities including Exeter, Cardiff, Leeds.
- 78% of all Falmouth College grades were A* - C.
- Falmouth College students gained a combined number of 65 A*, A or distinction grades.
- Every student studying BTEC Medical Science at Falmouth College achieved a distinction – the equivalent of an A grade.
- Falmouth School results are (in the top 3 in Cornwall) significantly above the National average.
School Performance Tables


text:
China will step up exploration of strategic mineral resources including petroleum, natural gas, copper, chrome, tungsten, rare earths and others during 2021 to 2025, the top economic planner said on Friday.
The National Development and Reform Commission revealed the plan for promoting development in resource-dependent regions on its website.
China is also likely to end up in opposition to efforts at COP26 climate talks to phase out coal worldwide and urge countries to beef up their emissions plans as soon as next year.
Energy security concerns will keep China from supporting the proposal on coal, according to a person familiar with China's position who asked not to be named.
While China plans to peak emissions by 2030, the country is now in the grips of an energy crisis and is ramping up coal output to record levels.
(With files from Reuters and Bloomberg)


theorem.
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Sounds interesting, but I do not quite get it yet. In the third displayed equality, the exponent should be $2/n$; correct? Could you explain why "$F$ maps conformally the exterior etc" (and what are the $a_i$s)? Exactly what do you mean by $F(z)\sim z$? What is the capacity in your context and why the assertion is equivalent to Dubinin's theorem? Thanks in advance for the explanations (and welcome to the MO)! – Seva Aug 4 '12 at 9:25
Seva, I corrected the misprint 2/n. $F(z)\sim z$ means as usual that $F(z)/z\to 1$ as $z\to\infty$. To see that it is a conformal map and to find the image, look how it behaves on the unit circle: the argument is constant on the arcs between any $z_j,z_{j+1}$. So these arcs are maped on some segments $[0,a_k]$. What are the $a_k$? Some complex numbers. $|a_k|$ is the maximum of $|F|$ on the corresponding arc. The angles between the segments are $2\pi p_j/n$. – Alexandre Eremenko Aug 4 '12 at 17:22
And what is the capacity of $K$? – Seva Aug 4 '12 at 18:11
You can look for various equivalent definitions of logarithmic capacity in any textbook, but for our purposes a connected compact has capacity $1$ if the conformal map of its exterior onto the exterior of the unit disc safisfies $F(z)/z\to 1$. Our map satisfies this. – Alexandre Eremenko Aug 4 '12 at 19:59
Not an answer, but maybe an useful reference:
Your statement reminds me of Schiefermayr's theorem:
If $p_n$ is a degree $n$ polynomial and $\Sigma\subseteq\mathbb{R}$. Then $$ \|p_n\|_{L^{\infty}(\Sigma)} \geq 2 Cap(\Sigma)^n $$ where $Cap(\Sigma)$ is the logarithmic capacity of $\Sigma$, e.g. $Cap([-2,2]) = 1$.
This is Corollary~5.7.7. in Barry Simon's book: Szego's Theorem and its decendents.
Unfortunately, this does not apply in your case, since it requires the work with subsets of the real line. However, you are close to this situation, since you require the zeros of your polynomial to be on the unit circle.
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Another problem seems to be that my product is not a polynomial in $z$. – Seva May 9 '11 at 5:24
Here is an observation that didn't get me very far. Let $p$ have degree $n$ and have $r$ distinct roots, all on the unit circle. Call these roots $e^{i \theta_j}$, where $\theta_k$ has multiplicity $c_j$.
Set $$q(u) = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{j=1}^r \left( c_j \left( u + e^{i \theta_j} \right) \prod_{\substack{1 \leq k \leq r \\ k \neq j}} \left( u - e^{i \theta_k} \right) \right).$$ Then $q$ is a monic polynomial of degree $r$, all of whose roots are on the unit circle. They occur at precisely the places where $|p(e^{i \phi})|$ has a local maximum. Your goal is to show that, at one of these local maxima, we have $|p| \geq 2^{n/r}$.
I had a detailed computation of this written out, but I couldn't find a way to make it useful, so I'm recording the formula in case it helps someone else. My plan was to show that $\prod_{\{\phi : q(e^{i \phi})=0\}} |p(e^{i \phi})| \geq 2^n$, but this inequality turned out to be false; if all the $\theta$'s are very close together, then one of the local maxima of $p$ is near $2^n$ but the other local maxima can be arbitrarily small.
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By the way, an interesting observation is that the product of the roots of $q$ is negative that of the roots of $p$. That also didn't help me, though. – David Speyer May 23 '11 at 22:20
Your Answer


text:
10 m Kit Birdline Pro Solar Box
The BirdLine Pro is a revolutionizing bird control hi-tech solution. It consists of two main
parts: a solar box and a BirdLine stripe. The solar box generates harmless electric pulses
to the BirdLine stripe that result in scaring the birds away and back to nature.
Kit 2" -33 feet+ Solar Box Control
Transparent and invisible to the eye, and does not interfere with the design of the structure
HDPE-UV stabilized transparent pressure strips of 0.16 feet wide packed into 33 feet.
Easy and simple for everyone to use and install on balconies, roofs or windows to keep unwelcome guests away
The voltage across the pressure strip is not dangerous and does not harm humans or animals. The voltage is supplied by a small 12 V lithium-ion battery using induction current coil technology that when touched emits a shock that is painful but harmless.
The 33 feet birdline pro pressure strip kit is composed of 33 feet pressure strip, connectors and a solar box.
The HDPE-UV stabilized transparent pressure strips on which conductive strips are sewn. The pressure strip is designed to withstand extreme weather conditions and be in service for many years.
The birdline pro solar box is controlled by a smart electric processor. The processor controls the structure, intensity and frequency of the pulse, as well as its automatically adaptation to varying conditions such as humidity, day and night, etc.
The pulse rate varies randomly such that it teaches the pigeons and birds to stay away. Pigeons and birds have episodic-like memory for locations. The pulse conditions the pigeon to deter from returning to that area by classifying it as hostile and unpleasant.
The kit is suitable for all of types of surfaces such as awnings, window sills and balconies.
- Luxurious design that fits any surface.
- Exclusively manufactured by Magnor in
33 feet Birdline Pro strip
4 quick connectors
4 bridging cables


text:
Location: Northern Greece, Macedonia
The vardar is a cold northwesterly wind blowing from the mountains down to the valleys of Macedonia. A type of ravine wind, enhanced by a channelling effect while blowing down through the Moravia-Vardar gap, bringing cold conditions from the north to the Thessaloniki area of Greece. Most frequent during winter, it is blowing in the rear of a depression when atmospheric pressure over eastern Europe is higher than over the Aegean Sea. In general, the vardar is similar to the mistral wind.
A strong vardar event occured on January 12 and 13, 2003. Compare the significant drop in maximum temperature by 17°C (from 19C down to 2C) with the darstic jump in prevailing wind direction from easterly to northerly and northwesterly, and the wind speed and peak gusts during this time period recorded at Thessaloniki.


text:
Infographic: Recommendation for Center-Based Early Childhood Education to Promote Health Equity
The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends early childhood education programs based on strong evidence of effectiveness in improving educational outcomes associated with long-term health and sufficient evidence of effectiveness in improving socialand health-related outcomes. When provided to low-income or racial and ethnic minority communities, early childhood education programs are likely to reduce educational achievement gaps, improve the health of low-income student populations, and promote health equity. This report, called "Recommendation for Center-Based Early Childhood Education to Promote Health Equity" by the Community Preventative Services Task Force, was published in the September 2016 issue of the Journal of Public Health Management & Practice.
Johanzynn Gatewood, BS, is an MPH candidate at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Her interests include health communication, the role of social media in public health, health literacy, and minority health. [Full bio].


text:
Teachers, register your class or environmental club in our annual Solar Oven Challenge! Registration begins in the fall, and projects must be completed in the spring to be eligible for prizes and certificates.
Who can participate?
GreenLearning's Solar Oven Challenge is open to all Canadian classes. Past challenges have included participants from grade 3 through to grade 12. Older students often build solar ovens as part of the heat unit in their Science courses. Other students learn about solar energy as a project in an eco-class or recycling club.
How do you register?
1. Registration is now open to Canadian teachers. To register, send an email to Gordon Harrison at GreenLearning. Include your name, school, school address and phone number, and the grade level of the students who will be participating.
2. After you register, you will receive the Solar Oven Challenge Teacher's Guide with solar oven construction plans. Also see re-energy.ca for construction plans, student backgrounders, and related links on solar cooking and other forms of renewable energy. At re-energy.ca, you can also see submissions, photos and recipes from participants in past Solar Oven Challenges.
3. Build, test and bake with solar ovens!
4. Email us photos and descriptions of your creations by the deadline (usually the first week of June).
5. See your recipes and photos showcased at re-energy.ca. Winners will be listed there and in GreenLearning News.


text:
Asked in InventionsRelationshipsCleaningOuija Boards
Who invented the first scrub board?
Asked in Inventions, Cleaning
Who invented the scrub board?
Asked in Washing Machines & Dryers
Who invented the washing machines?
The earliest Washing machine "the Scrub board" was invented in 1797 and the American James King patented the first washing machine to use a drum in 1851. In 1858 Hamilton Smith patented the first rotary washing machine and on the 9th August 1910 Alva Fisher patented the first electric washing machine 42ne


text:
Evergreen Lake Dredging
During the Colorado floods in 2013, the Upper Bear Creek Basin deposited approximately 65,000 cys of sediment into Evergreen Lake. In 2016, the Evergreen Metropolitan District contracted ESCO Construction to dredge 12,000 cys of the deposited sediment from the lake to increase the volume of water. ESCO dredged the sediment material up to 25 feet deep. Utilizing a CAT 325 excavator outfitted with a 60-foot long reach stick, ESCO operated on a 30 x 80-foot Flexifloat sectional barge. A 400 horsepower tugboat maneuvered the barge to the shore and back in order to offload the sediment in trucks and dispose offsite. A 700 x 20-foot turbidity curtain enclosed the perimeter of the operation to keep the suspended sediment from entering the water system. At completion, the turbidity curtain was left in place for one week to allow the sediment to settle out. ESCO's innovative approach, along with the cooperative, common-sense mentality of the entire team, resulted in a quality project completed under challenging circumstances within budget and ahead of schedule.
Evergreen Metro District


Geomechanics and Data Analytics: Bridging between ISIP and Geology
February 6, 2019 admin No comments exist
ISIP values are favoured by many in the industry because they are accessible and relatively easy to measure. Nevertheless, there are still questions on the nature of ISIP and its relation with geological and operational parameters. What is briefly shared here includes some short excerpts on ISIP characterization from some comprehensive regional studies on unconventional plays, These Canadian Discovery Ltd. studies implement Hybrid Data-Physics Analytics techniques for field characterization and fracturing and production optimization.
What is ISIP?
During hydraulic fracturing operations, as soon as the pumps are off, a sudden drop happens in the pressure curve (E to F in the graph below) and pressure falls to a value called Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure (ISIP). This drop occurs because the pressure caused by flow turbulence and friction during injection almost instantly disappears (see this article to learn more).
What is the geomechanical meaning of ISIP?
With no influence from the dynamic flow, the mechanical characters of the rock and fracture are probably less masked in ISIP compared to the the recorded pressures during pumping. This is one of the reasons that ISIP has gained so much popularity in the industry. Some may argue that ISIP is the 'real' fracture propagation pressure (FPP) as it does not include the dynamic effects of the fluid flow. There are also some who assume that ISIP is same as closure pressure or minimum stress which hardly makes any sense. There are also others who try to find relations between ISIP and minimum stress and/or pore pressure which can make sense. For instance, the figure below shows the variation of ISIP and pore pressure gradients for numerous wells in a play.
Can we implement such relations and develop models that use ISIP for finding stress or pressure? The answer could be yes if we can find out what other factors can also influence ISIP and find the proper algorithm to correlate these parameters.
Does ISIP have a significant geological character?
Maybe one way to answer this question is finding out if there is a pattern that connects ISIP to geographical parameters of a play (e.g., well location) or even more specific geological parameters. As an example, the map below shows the variation of mean ISIP gradient of numerous wells throughout a play and demonstrates an apparent geological pattern.
What are the parameters that influence ISIP the most?
Despite its significant influence, geology is not the only parameter affecting ISIP and there are plenty of other operational factors such as well orientation, completion method, fracturing technology, fracturing fluid, rate of injection, proppant volume, fracture spacing, etc. that may also influence ISIP.
Can we define models to relate ISIP to geology and operations?
In other words, can we implement machine learning algorithms to find meaningful models that can predict ISIP? Let's take a look at the results of an advanced algorithm that predicts ISIP from a number of geological and operational parameters for a random test sample of the data for numerous wells:
As the graph tells, despite all the possible variations and errors that we can imagine, ISIP can be predicted with a relatively good accuracy if we use the right geological and completion/fracturing parameters and proper modeling algorithms.
In our studies, geological character and predictability property of ISIP are used for field characterization, fracturing/production optimization and seismicity risk mitigation.
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Interface InsertOneOptions
Options for the insertOne command.
Field
vector - The vector to use for the document.
See
Collection.insertOne
interface InsertOneOptions {
 maxTimeMS?: number;
 vector?: number[];
 vectorize?: string;
}
Hierarchy (view full)
Properties
maxTimeMS?: number
The maximum time to wait for a response from the server, in milliseconds.
vector?: number[]
An optional vector to use for the document, if using a vector-enabled collection.
This is purely for the user's convenience and intuitiveness—it is equivalent to setting the $vector field on the document itself. The two are interchangeable, but mutually exclusive.
NB. Setting this field will cause a shallow copy of the document to be made. If performance is a concern, it is recommended to directly set the $vector field on the document itself.
If the document already has a $vector field, and this is set, the $vector field will be overwritten. It is up to the user to ensure that both fields are not set at once.
Deprecated
 - Prefer to set the $vector field in the doc directly
vectorize?: string
NOTE: This feature is under current development.
Deprecated
 - Prefer to set the $vectorize field in the doc directly


Treehouse Software TREETIP: Data Replication for a Mainframe Database that has no Primary Key, using tcVISION
by Joseph Brady, Director of Business Development / AWS and Cloud Alliance Lead at Treehouse Software, Inc. and Chris Rudolph, Senior Technical Representative at Treehouse Software, Inc.
This blog takes a look at tcVISION's support for a mainframe database that has no primary key at the source (a mainframe primary key is a column, or set of columns that uniquely identifies one row of a table).
In situations where the source database does not contain any unique values, Treehouse technicians discuss with the customer how the application currently works and their expectations for how the data should be treated when planning replication/migration to a new target environment. Depending on the application, Journal Replication or Data Warehouse Replication may be a better fit than a "normal" RDBMS table definition.
tcVISION's Key ID management can be used to create a column to use as the key on the target table. Another option would be to use a SQL Lookup to query another table. Either way, target column(s) that contain unique values will need to be identified. Once these columns are identified, they can be marked with the key identifier, using the tcVISION repository editor, or Key ID Management can be used to create a new unique column, then those columns are used within the wizard.
For example, this source table does not contain a primary key:
Analysis of the target data shows the columns FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME and MIDDLE_NAME together will provide a unique value. These fields can be marked in the tcVISION repository as being members of a key:
As mentioned earlier, the tcVISION Key ID Management wizard can also be used to create a new unique target column:
Specify the key name:
Specify the key value creation:
Various options are available:
Contact Treehouse Software for a Demo Today…
Further reading: tcVISION Mainframe data replication is featured on the AWS Partner Network Blog…
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