text:
A resurgence of interest in qualitative approaches to research in online consumer behaviour studies has spawned a need for structured approaches in the use of appropriate research techniques. A mixed method approach to research questions can often lead to a greater clarity of answer as well as exposing the researcher to new 'tools of enquiry'. This paper describes a mixed method approach using qualitative techniques to pre-test software and task design for a field experiment and to pre-test a questionnaire for data collection. In the study, think-aloud protocol (TAP) sessions were adopted to test software.
Read more: Concurrent and retrospective think-aloud protocols for information systems research


text:
2022 HarvestED Victoria
2022 cohort of HarvestED is a 3-day, immersive, online, cross-curricular, agricultural learning program, for Year 7 to 9 Victorian students in regional and rural areas of Victoria. HarvestED provides students with collaborative, investigative, and innovation-driven experiences, linking them to agricultural experts and professionals across the state, Australia and the Asia-Pacific region and from a range of agricultural industries.
Students could explore cross-curricular content in agriculture such as sustainability, environmental consciousness, technology, automation, ethics and urbanisation. The program successfully run in 4 distinct phases of learning across 3 consecutive days.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
We've been getting many emails from all over the world asking about our crystals, where they come from and what makes ours special. The answer is what makes Yoni Crystals truly unique in the intimacy crystal market as we've put much care and dedication into sourcing our crystals from ethical and sustainable mines.
All of our products are made with no additive, chemicals or oils. The traditional shaping process with gems and minerals involves using low grade oils that are toxic when used internally. The mine's are not thinking about if the crystals will be used internally, because usually they are not. The time it takes to shape our eggs, wands and orbs without the use of oils is 2-3 times longer than that with oils. This does adds to our costs -but that is the cost of having a crystal that is completely safe for internal use. Many mines will also use toxic adhesives to glue fragmented minerals together and shape them into eggs. Yikes. Wtnessing yoni eggs like this on the market is frightening. So we take a stand for knowing that all of the crystals we source and offer to you are in fact completely natural, organic and safe for internal use.
We have been work directly with the mines and mine owners building relationships for 3-5 years. This allows us to verify that the crystals are being sustainably harvested from the earth, never with chemicals or explosives. They are small mining operations. Some minerals will take 5-9 months to be excavated and shipped to us, this is a worthy wait. Knowing that none of the crystal have come from a large mining operation. We only work with mines that treat there workers well and pay them fairly. We believe this is a crucial part of our quality control process. We provide our customers with crystals that are energetically clean and chemical free. Eggs that are being sold very inexpensively may not have the quality control standards we have.
Once the crystals arrive in the US we give every single one a cleansing salt water bath. In this process all of the crystals are throughly cleaned and inspected for any imperfections. During this time the crystals are all downloaded with the original frequency of when they were untouched in the earth. This is why we are often told that our crystals carry a special loving energy. Crystal healing is a pivotal component in the sourcing, cleansing and distributing of Yoni Crystals.
Beyond the minerals, the pouch that holds the crystal is also of high integrity. It's made from all organic bamboo/cotton fabric with natural dye, vegan suede and we even have selenite crystal in the ink that's printed on them. They are hand-made in Bali and we work closely with the families that make them, lots of love and care go into each little one. This is a conscious choice to offer fully sustainable, ethical, organic products. A detailed full-color 36 page guidebook comes with every crystal as well. When Yoni Crystals was conceived the founder wanted every women to have the necessary information to feel comfortable to use her crystal.
Thank you for taking the time to read this. Slow crystal sourcing and our quality control is based on understanding that crystals a true gift from the earth. The are alive. Knowing this, we slow down, breath and choose to be in integrity with our offering to you. A wonderful healing crystal ally to you for your womb journey.


it.
Notes Client Command-Line Options
September 3, 2002
Here are some command-line options you can use when starting the Notes client. Many of these were taken from docs in the Notes KB. Substitute the path for your Notes.exe file for "C:\Notes\Notes.exe" in the list below.
C:\Notes\Notes.exe =C:\Notes\MyNotes.ini Starts the client with an alternate INI file
C:\Notes\Notes.exe dbName.nsf Opens a specified local database when the client is started
C:\Notes\Notes.exe
server!!dbName.nsf
Opens a specified database on a specified server when the client is started
C:\Notes\Notes.exe doclink.ndl Opens a specified doclink when the client is started
C:\Notes\Notes.exe _URL_ Opens a specified web page when the client is started
C:\Notes\Notes.exe notes://... Opens a specified database, view, form, or document using its Notes URL when the client is started (*)
C:\Notes\Notes.exe _EMAIL_ Begins composing an e-mail to the specified address with the Notes mail client
C:\Notes\Notes.exe MAIL Opens the default mail database on the Notes client
C:\Notes\Notes.exe ADMINONLY Starts the Notes Admin client (R5+)
C:\Notes\Notes.exe /DESIGN Starts the Notes Designer client (R5+)
C:\Notes\Notes.exe /DEBUGGER Starts the Notes Remote Agent Debugger (R6+)
C:\Notes\Notes.exe /EMBEDDING Starts Notes as an OLE server
C:\Notes\Notes.exe /AUTOMATION Starts Notes minimized
(*) In Notes 6 and higher, the notes:// URL of a database, view, form, or document can be determined using the NotesURL property of the element when it's accessed in LotusScript as a NotesDatabase, NotesView, NotesForm, or NotesDocument. If you want to construct a notes:// URL manually, it's of the structure:
You can leave the server name blank (so the protocol starts with notes:///) if you want to access a local database, view, etc.
Reporting a Bug in Notes
September 5, 2002
The LDD site has a downloadable form you can use if you want to report a bug in Notes. However, the form is in WordPro format, and I know that lots of people (even us Notes users) don't have SmartSuite handy. Well I do, so I converted the form to MS Word format, in case that's better for you. Please visit the link above for instructions.
=> DefectReport.doc <=
Modifying $FormulaClass in Views
September 8, 2002
I mentioned this in one of my blog entries, but I figured it should live here in the Tips section, too. The $FormulaClass field in a view determines what types of documents show up in the view. Normally, the documents that show up are regular note documents, although if you modify the $FormulaClass field in the right way, you can also make design elements show up in your view.
All this is described quite well in the Fun with $FormulaClass article by Dan Velasco that appeared in DominoPower Magazine a few years back. There were a couple of holes in his $FormulaClass values, and if you do a little looking in the Notes API, you'll notice that the $FormulaClass values correspond to the NOTE_CLASS values in the NSFNOTE.H file. Here are the values from that header file (in hex and decimal -- use the decimal value in your view), along with their header file comments:
Note Class TypeHex ValueDecimal ValueComments
NOTE_CLASS_DOCUMENT0x00011document note
NOTE_CLASS_INFO0x00022notefile info (help-about) note
NOTE_CLASS_FORM0x00044form note
NOTE_CLASS_VIEW0x00088view note
NOTE_CLASS_ICON0x001016icon note
NOTE_CLASS_DESIGN0x002032design note collection
NOTE_CLASS_ACL0x004064acl note
NOTE_CLASS_HELP_INDEX0x0080128Notes product help index note
NOTE_CLASS_HELP0x0100256designer's help note
NOTE_CLASS_FILTER0x0200512filter note
NOTE_CLASS_FIELD0x04001024field note
NOTE_CLASS_REPLFORMULA0x08002048replication formula
NOTE_CLASS_PRIVATE0x10004096Private design note, use $PrivateDesign view to locate/classify
NOTE_CLASS_DEFAULT0x800032,768MODIFIER - default version of each
NOTE_CLASS_ALL0x7fff32,767all note types
NOTE_CLASS_ALLNONDATA0x7ffe32,766all non-data notes
NOTE_CLASS_NONE0x00000no notes
Getting Default Elements in the Database
September 16, 2002
An interesting corollary to the tip above is that you can use a modification of the NOTE_CLASS type values to get some of the default items in a database. Here's a list, followed by an explanation:
Note IDDatabase Element
FFFF0002"About This Database" document
FFFF0004Default form
FFFF0008Default view
FFFF0010Database icon
FFFF0020Database Design Collection (view)
FFFF0040Database ACL
FFFF0100"Using This Database" document
FFFF0800Replication Formula
You'll notice that the last 4 numbers of the Note IDs are the hex values of the corresponding design elements in the previous tip. What's neat about this (and it makes sense if you think about it) is that these Note IDs are the same for every Notes database, so if you call:
db.GetDocumentByID("FFFF0002")
you will always get the "About This Database" document, if one exists. Now, getting some of these elements as Notes documents may not do you a whole lot of good on the surface, but some of them hold interesting qualities (as coding superhero Rod Whiteley mentions in this post on LDD, the database icon can hold many strange and random bits of information -- search for the "Icon note item names" section in STDNAMES.H).
Notes Debug Flags
October 2, 2002 (updated October 16, 2002)
A few years ago, this post on the Notes.net forum (now the LDD forum) outlined a way to pull all the debug flags from the various Notes DLL and EXE files. Virtually all of these flags are undocumented and some may not be useful at all, but it's pretty neat information anyway.
The original post used a PERL script to extract the information, and I played around a little to see if there was an easy way to batch the process, since I didn't have PERL installed on my machine. Here's what I did:
1. Go to the SysInternals site and download the STRINGS.EXE program (I think it's listed as a "Miscellaneous" application)
2. Copy STRINGS.EXE to your Notes program directory
3. Run the following commands at the DOS prompt, from the Notes program directory:
 strings -a *.exe | find "DEBUG" > nDebug.txt
 strings -a *.dll | find "DEBUG" >> nDebug.txt
The resulting file (nDebug.txt) should give you the same debug flags as the PERL script does, plus a couple extra ones (the PERL script actually searches for "DEBUG_", and I searched for "DEBUG"). Again, most of these flags are totally undocumented, so all you can do with the resulting list is experiment. The DRC Consulting site may have some information to help you out -- there's a good list of NOTES.INI settings there.
(Updated text) I've tried this with both the "findstr" command (on Windows NT/2000) and the "find" command, which should be equivalent in this case. It looks like "find" produces more results on my NT box. I have no idea why.
Exporting Notes Documents and Rich Text Fields in RTF Format
October 23, 2002 (updated January 1, 2004)
Here's a database I wrote with some code that allows you to export the information in a Notes rich text field to an RTF file, while retaining most or all of the rich text field formatting. It also demonstrates how to write multiple things to a single RTF file (including multiple rich text fields), if that's something you're interested in doing. Additionally, the techniques involved should allow you to export rich text fields that are greater than 64k in size.
UPDATE: on January 1, 2004 I added functionality to allow you to export an entire Notes document to an RTF file, in addition to just exporting the individual fields. Please be aware that Notes doesn't always do a good job


Random Thoughts – Randocity!
Is Tesla Innovative?
Posted in botch, business, technologies by commorancy on July 16, 2021
I've been confronted with this very question many times on Social Media, specifically Twitter. Many people who own Tesla vehicles vehemently insistent that Elon Musk and Tesla's products are innovative. But, is Tesla really innovative? In short, no. Let's explore why.
via Oxford Dictionary
As a first step, we need to define the word, innovation. As you can see from its definition from Oxford Dictionary, it is defined as 'a new method, idea, product, etc'.
The difficulty with this definition is that it doesn't go deep enough to explain what the word new actually means in this definition's context. This definition assumes the reader will understand the subtle, but important distinction of using the word 'new' in this definition.
Many people will, unfortunately, conclude that 'new' means 'brand new' as in a 'just manufactured' new model car. Simply because something is brand spankin' new doesn't make it innovative. However, a 'brand new' car model might contain some innovative elements, but the technology behind a car's functional design may not be innovative or new at all… contrary to Oxford's complicated use of the word 'new'. As an example, both random cars in general and specifically electric vehicles are not new. In fact, mass produced cars have been the norm since 1901 and electric cars have been prototyped since the 1830s. While those electric prototypes weren't truly cars in the mass produced sense, they were functional prototypes which showed that the electric vehicle technology is possible, functional and, most importantly, feasible.
You might then be thinking that Tesla was the first to create mass produced electric cars. Again, you'd be wrong. In fact, the first mass produced electric car was General Motor's EV1, produced in 1996. The EV1 appeared 12 years before the first electric vehicle rolled off the assembly line at Tesla… and Tesla's cars appeared 178 years after the first electric car prototype appeared. That's a long time… definitely not 'new'.
Electric vehicle technology was not at all new when Tesla decided to roll out its all electric vehicles. The only claim to fame that Tesla can profess is that they were able to sort-of Apple-ize their car in such a way that it warps the minds of buyers into believing it is 'the best thing since sliced bread'. Ultimately, that defines an excellent sales strategy… what Elon Musk is actually known for.
To Tesla's credit, they were the first viable luxury class vehicle to also claim the electric vehicle moniker. That claim doesn't necessarily make the vehicle innovative. It makes Tesla's sales and marketing team innovative in that they can make electric vehicle technology 'sexy' for the well-to-do crowd. Before Tesla, luxury car brands mostly avoided making electric vehicles. Even then, being able to successfully market and sell a product doesn't make that product innovative. It simply means you're good at selling things.
For example, Steve Jobs was the master at selling Apple products. To be fair, Steve Jobs didn't really have to do much in the way of hard sells. When Jobs was at the helm, many of Apple's early products were indeed innovative. If you need an example of innovation, Steve Jobs's products mostly epitomize it.
Tesla, on the other hand, absconded with several key things to produce its Tesla electric vehicles: 1) Luxury car designs (which already existed), 2) electric vehicles (which already existed) and 3) standard off-the-shelf battery technology (which already existed). None of these three ideas were new in 2008. That Tesla successfully married these things together isn't considered true innovation. It's considered incremental innovation. Taking already existing pieces and putting them together to make a successful 'new' product is common in many industries. This is incremental in that these things already existed and it was only a matter of time before someone put them together in a cohesive way. Is that innovation? No. Why? If Tesla hadn't done it, Mercedes-Benz, Cadillac, Bentley or another luxury brand would have at some point. Though, Tesla's early claim to fame wasn't even luxury, it was sports cars. However, Tesla has dropped the sports car idea in lieu of being a luxury brand.
Product Innovation Types
I'll circle back around to the above, but let's take a break here to understand the two primary types of innovation.
The first type of innovation is breakthrough innovation. This rare type of innovation offers a concept the world has never seen and usually results in a paradigm shift. Example: The Wright Brother's first flight which brought about the paradigm shift into commercial aviation… a whole new industry emerged as a result.
The second type of innovation is incremental innovation. This much more common type of innovation takes existing ideas and marries them into a single new product. Example: The iPhone.
Some might consider both the iPad and the iPhone as breakthrough innovation. Instead, the first Apple computer would be considered breakthrough innovation and ultimately what, in part, lead to the iPhone and iPad. However and to be fair, both the iPad and iPhone products are technically incremental innovation. Prior to the iPad, there had been several tablet style computers (e.g., GRiD and even the Apple Newton) that, for whatever reason, never really took off. Handheld PDAs were actually a form of tablet. Cell phones were very popular long before the iPhone arrived. The iPhone, like the Tesla, successfully married three concepts: a computer, the cell phone and PDA into what became the smartphone.
However, even though incremental, both the iPhone and the iPad were responsible for a technological computing paradigm shift. The primary innovation seen in these devices was not from the marriage of existing technology, but from the speed, size, weight, high res screen and functionality that the devices offered… particularly when combined with the app store and a reasonable price tag. It's much more convenient and fast to grab a tablet to quickly search the web than sitting down at a desk and powering up a desktop computer. It is the internal functions and features and flexibility that set these devices well apart from their earlier computer brethren which offered slower computing experiences at higher prices.
Steve Jobs was a master at miniaturizing computers into much smaller versions with reasonable price tags and which included high end features. This strategy is what set Apple, then NeXT, then Apple again… apart from the rest of their competitors. That was with Steve Jobs at the helm. Since Job's passing, Apple is still attempting to ride Steve Jobs's coattails, but those coattails are getting raggedy at this point. If Apple doesn't come up with something truly breakthrough innovative in the next few years, they're likely to begin losing sales in larger and larger quantities. Even more than this, another upstart company in similar Tesla form will step in front of Apple and usurp the industry. A business cannot keep selling the same devices over and over and expect success to continue. Apple needs another paradigm shift device to keep its success streak going. I digress.
Tesla's Innovation
Circling back around to Tesla, we should now be able to better understand why what Tesla includes in its vehicles, while luxurious and technologically interesting, is nothing actually very new. It's new in the sense of being recently manufactured, yes, but the technology itself is old from an innovation sense. In other words, Tesla had no hand in that technology's development. An example, Tesla's choice to place a large touch screen panel in the middle of the dashboard, while interesting, is simply considered luxury as touch screen flat panels are not technologically new. What about the all electric car itself? It's not new either. Remember the 1830s? Remember the EV1? Not new.
What about the battery that powers the car? That battery technology is not new either. Technologically, it's simply a standard lithium-ion battery built large enough to support operating a motor vehicle. Tesla didn't design that technology either. Tesla might have had a hand in requesting the battery's size, weight and power requirements, but that's not innovation… that's manufacturing requirements. The lithium-ion battery technology was created and produced much, much earlier in the 1980s. In fact, Akira Yoshino holds the 1983 patent for what is effectively the lithium-ion battery technology still being produced today… yes, even what's being used in the Tesla.
You may be asking, "So what is innovative about the Tesla?" That's a good question. Not very much to be honest. The car body's design is at least proprietary, but functionally utilitarian just as most car bodies produced today are. The pop out door handles might be considered somewhat innovative, but these are born out of luxury, not out of necessity. They look cool, but don't really serve a truly functional purpose. In this sense, while the handles might be considered innovative, they're incremental and don't serve a true purpose other than for aesthetics. The same statement of aesthetics can be said of a lot of both the interior and exterior of the Tesla. Functionally, the Tesla vehicles are cars.
The Tesla cars are designed to give the owner a luxury driving experience both inside and out. The all electric drive train helps reinforce that luxury function due to its torque, performance and acceleration power. Even the charging stations were built out of sales necessity, not out of innovation. You can't exactly sell many electric vehicles if you can't charge them easily. The proliferation of the recharge stations was, as I just said, born of necessity. Yes, this infrastructure is important to all future electric vehicles. However, Tesla built them coast to coast to ensure that Tesla owners could at


text:
The Pennsylvania Migration Count (PAMC)
Posted: April 30, 2011
Saturday 14 May, 2011
*What is the Pennsylvania Migration Count? The Pennsylvania Migration Count (PAMC) was established to gather annual data on migratory bird populations, and to help answer some fundamental questions regarding their distribution throughout Pennsylvania. PAMC is an annual one-day snapshot of bird populations within our state. Which species are present, and where are they? How many are there? Do migratory patterns change from year to year? Do populations of specific species change from year to year? Which birds are thriving, and more importantly, which are struggling? By identifying declining or otherwise at-risk species, it is hoped that steps can be taken toward assisting their future survival.
*How does it work? The Pennsylvania Migration Count takes place each spring on the second Saturday in May, in conjunction with International Migratory Bird Day. PAMC is similar to the Christmas Bird Count (CBC). The difference is that PAMC takes place on a countywide basis, rather than within the confines of a CBC circle. The rules are simple: spend some time in the field counting all birds encountered in a specified area, and keep track of miles traveled and time spent counting. Participants are free to roam their favorite county birding locales at any time during the 24 hour period, starting at 12:01am, counting every bird that they find. Totals are passed along to county compilers, who, in turn, report to the state compiler. The state compiler maintains the PAMC data, and an annual report is published in Pennsylvania Birds, the journal of the Pennsylvania Society for Ornithology (PSO).
*When was it initiated? The Pennsylvania Migration Count originated as part of the continent-wide North American Migration Count (NAMC) in 1992, when there were 141 observers in 10 Pennsylvania counties. The count grew steadily in popularity in PA over the years, and was renamed PAMC in 2003, reflective of the fact that the national count was struggling everywhere but in Pennsylvania. Last year 704 observers from 40 counties participated in the PAMC. They counted 153,429 birds of 219 different species in over 2248 field hours. This year there are already more counties committed while we are always looking for more people to help.
*How can I get invovled? Birders of all skill levels can help out with the count. Beginning at midnight with the songs of the Whip-poor-wills and the hooting of the Great Horned Owls, the PAMC is a great way to spend time outside. Whether you tally birds in your backyard, at your feeders, the local little league ballfield, along the river, on a lake, at your camp or spend time hiking through a state park, your observations count. Forms and information for PAMC participation are available from your county compiler, or go online at _URL_ Data can be submitted via e-mail or post. If participating or for more information, please contact the county compiler first, to avoid duplicate submissions from the same area. If no compiler, contact _EMAIL_ for submission or assistance.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Elements Spreadsheet provides the capability to define header and footer rows.
This NEW feature is available since the version 3.1.
Purpose of headers and footers
This feature is designed to help you organizing and browsing your spreadsheet data with :
- Compatibility with Confluence table headers
- Sorting function
- Filtering function (coming soon)
Compatibility with Confluence table
When creating a table in the Confluence editor, you can specify a line as a header. Thereby, when you are browsing the Confluence page, this header line allows you to sort the data and is fixed (the header line remains visible when you are scrolling the table content) :
Elements Spreadsheet is compatible with these behaviors. If you are using one or more headers rows in your spreadsheet document, it will be rendered in the same way as a Confluence table, allowing you to use the native Confluence table sort and fixed header.
These features are currently not available with the new Confluence cloud editor.
When headers and footers rows are used, only the rows between the last row header and the first row footer are sorted. This can be useful to avoid sorting table headers or footers calculations. Furthermore, when rows are set as headers, the column
How to use them
Currently, the Elements Spreadsheet editor allows you to define up to three rows for a header, three header columns, and three footer rows.
- The header rows must be consecutive relative to the first row (top)
- The footer rows must be consecutive relative to the last row (bottom)
- The header columns must be consecutive relative to the first column (left)
You can enable and disable them by using the toolbar button, or via the context menu.
|Row can be set as row header|
|Column can be set as column header|
|Row can be set as row footer|
|Row cannot be set as row header|
|Column cannot be set as column header|
|Row cannot be set as row footer|
|Row is set as row header or can be unset to a normal row|
|Column is set as column header, or can be set as normal column|
|Row is set as footer from the last row, or can be unset to a normal row|
When using headers and/or footers, some constraints are applied on your document to preserve sorting / filtering options :
- Inserting lines/columns before a header or after a footer is not possible
- A cell selection mixed from a header/footer and non-header/footer areas cannot be merged

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The EuMon consortium, comprising 16 partners from 11 EU-countries, designed databases and carried out online surveys to provide an overview of monitoring approaches and monitoring organisations in Europe. One database, the PMN database, covers characteristics of organisations that involve volunteers in biodiversity monitoring and a second one, called DaEuMon, addresses coverage and methodological aspects of biodiversity monitoring. Both databases are automatically updated with each new entry. BioMAT allows extracting information from the databases to generate graphs and tables. Here we provide information on DaEuMon. See background info 1.5.1 for the PMN database.
Demands to fill in the questionnaires were communicated to monitoring coordinators by postal mail, email, personally, and by phone. In total, the EuMon consortium has collected over 4000 contact details of potential monitoring organizations (including fish and hunting associations as well as local, regional, and national governmental bodies). The input to the database still continues, making the database the most comprehensive one in Europe. However, not all countries and species groups are covered equally well and this should be considered in any analyses of the data from DaEuMon.
Despite these biases, our survey yielded a wide geographical coverage with at least one scheme from any country in geographical Europe and also adequately covers central and eastern (Poland, Hungary, Lithuania) and western European countries (France, Belgium, Germany).
About 4000 species are covered by the monitoring programs in the database. Schemes monitoring birds and mammals showed small biases (relative to the number of publications listed in the Zoological Record; evaluated in 2008), but some groups, especially fishes, lichens and fungi still seem to be underrepresented.
The usefulness of the EuMon database as a reference to monitoring schemes will further increase with time due to on-going efforts to maintain the database and extend its popularity. In this respect, the recommendations for volunteer involvement and data integration, supporting the work of monitoring coordinators, did already function as powerful incentives for new data entries.


text:
- What is the definition of fuel line?
- How do you pronunciate fuel line?
- What are the antonyms for fuel line?
- What are the holonyms for fuel line?
- What are the hypernyms for fuel line?
- What are the hyponyms for fuel line?
- What are the meronyms for fuel line?
- What are the synonyms for fuel line?
- What are words that sound like fuel line?
- What does fuel line look like?
- What does Twitter say about fuel line?
Sounds like fuel linefallen fall in feline Fellini felon felony filename file in file name fill-in fill in film filmy filum flame flamen Flaminian Way flan flume fly on folium follow-on foul line fuel line Fulani full moon
Definitions for fuel line
Pronounciation of fuel line
Synonyms for fuel linegas line petrol line
Antonyms for fuel line
No antonyms found for fuel line.
Holonyms for fuel line
No holonyms found for fuel line.
Hyponyms for fuel line
No hyponyms found for fuel line.
Hypernyms for fuel linepipe pipage piping
Meronyms for fuel line
No meronyms found for fuel line.


text:
Hundreds of buffaloes estimated to be at least 400 drowned in the Choebe river on the border between Botswana and Namibia. According to early investigations by the Botswana authorities and eyewitness accounts, the huge herd of buffalo was fleeing from a pride of lions when it ran into the river. According to reports, the Buffaloes got stuck because the river bank on the other side was too steep which resulted in the buffaloes panicking and stampeding. Locals who live near the river took most of the buffalo meat after the lions had finished eating. The authorities are reported to have granted them permission to eat the meat.
Image Credit: Serondela Lodge


text:
This calculator determines the flow rate for a trapezoidal flume. A trapezoidal flume has a flat bottom with sloped sides that contract in the center. The height change is the difference between the upstream water height and the downstream water height.
The equation used to determine the flow rate of a Trapezoidal Flume depends on the width of the bottom of the flume.
For a bottom width of 1' use:
For a bottom width of 2' use:
= Flow rate in cfs.
= Height of the upstream water above the bottom of the flume in feet.


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Two part question.
 1. As per the title, how many roundtrips does pg_query_params use?
 2. How do I count the number of database roundtrips in my scripts?
Example code:
 $result = pg_query_params($pg_connection, <<<'EOQ'
INSERT INTO accounts (username, salt, hash, created, lastlogin)
 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, NOW(), NOW())
EOQ
 , array($username, $salt, crypt($password, $salt)));
Thanks.
share|improve this question
up vote 3 down vote accepted
pg_query_params() uses only one roundtrip. It's a feature of the postgres wire protocol which allows to send query and params separately but without having to wait for a reply between the two.
You cannot count roundtrips really, but you could look at the source code, or simply look at query time while querying a server with non-zero ping time.
FYI, on a postgres server running on localhost, using a real prepared statement (ie, PDO) is much slower (>2x...) on very simple queries (because it uses 2 roundtrips) than pg_query_params().
About prepared statements : Postgres has several ways to execute a query.
 - Raw SQL with embedded parameters (the oldskool way) : it's still useful, and the only way to construct IN() or VALUES() lists. A proper API layer that handles quoting is a must (a la python DBAPI). Any trace of a direct call to quote() in user code is a sign of trouble !
 - Single use prepared statements (pg_query_params) : that's a special case of the protocol where the "Prepare" and "Execute with parameters" messages are sent in a single packet. From the user's point of view it's about the same speed as raw SQL (one roundtrip), a bit less parsing overhead on the server (might be useful to INSERT large data), and automatically secure (no quoting). You need to replace IN() and VALUES() lists with arrays (=ANY, unnest()), though. Postgres will use the parameter values in the query plan, so you'll get good plans.
 - Real prepared statements (PDO, prepare, etc) : Those are good if you want to pay the planning cost once and execute many times (although, usually a SQL query inside a loop is a mistake). Two roundtrips, much slower for a simple SELECT on primary key. Can hog postgres memory if you prepare a zillion plans without deallocating them afterwards. Parameters usually are NOT used in the query planning (since they are not available then) so you might get non optimal query plans. In the end, this is rather useless for a PHP application where neither Postgres nor PHP will cache the query plans. If you use an application server which keeps cached query plans for common simple queries, then a prepared simple query (like a SELECT on primary key) will use much less server CPU than a non-prepared one (quite faster than the self-proclaimed speed king MyISAM actually).
share|improve this answer

Thanks. By "look at source code", do you mean look at the C source code for the pg module? Also, yes, the PDO question was more or less where I was going with this. I'll also keep this open for another day or two if anyone has any easy answer to question #2 – Dragontamer5788 Jun 7 '11 at 11:57

Yep, the source code is the ultimate documentation isn't it ! And about PDO prepared statements : I'm going to edit my post. – peufeu Jun 7 '11 at 17:10

Doesn't Postgresql with PDO support the emulate prepares mode? – Denis de Bernardy Jun 7 '11 at 17:31

The usual "SELECT on primary key" which usually takes 50-100 microseconds using pg_query_params or raw SQL takes more than twice that using PDO prepared statements, so I suspect it's using real prepared statements. You can benchmark it, or just try to prepare a bogus SELECT on a non-existing table : if the Prepare throws an error, then there was a database roundtrip. – peufeu Jun 7 '11 at 18:02

@Denis -- PDO can emulate prepares, which ought to be similar to "single use prepared statements" (you'd only use one round trip). @peufeu, I'm happy to hear that pg_query_params will actually use the parameters in the query plan. – Dragontamer5788 Jun 10 '11 at 2:41
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After reading a book about dinosaurs, we found ourselves faced with explaining how fossils were made to our young daughter. So we decided it would be much easier if she was able to help us make our own version of fossils instead! Our toddler daughter loved every step of this craft - from making the salt dough, to rolling it out, to deciding what type of fossil to make. You can make a salt dough fossil by pressing your dinosaur toys into the dough, by pressing your own hands and feet into the dough, or by making your handprint look like a dinosaur footprint! The possibilities with this salt dough fossil craft are endless, so encourage your child to use their imagaination and have fun!
What you'll need:
#1: Press a dinosaur toy into the dough. Remove the toy to see the imprint or "fossil" left behind.
#2: Press the foot of a dinosaur into the dough to create a fossil.
#3: Have your own child press their foot into the dough to make their own fossil! This is a great way to preserve how little they are now!
#4: Press your child's hand into the dough so that their hands mimic a three-toed dinosaur footprint. See the photograph at right.
Please add a comment
Step One: Press dinosaur toy into dough
Step Two: Remove toy to show imprint behind
Step Three: Paint your baked fossil
Other ideas: multiple different dinosaur toys, just the footprint of a dinosaur toy, the footprint of your child, your child's hand pressed into dough to mimic a dinosaur footprint.
Please do not reproduce any of our content on your own site without direct permission. We welcome you to link directly to any pages on our site without specific permission. We also welcome any feedback, ideas or anything you want to share with us - just email us at _EMAIL_.


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Since 2011 the Northern Picts project at the University of Aberdeen (in collaboration with the University of Chester and University of Glasgow) has been uncovering an early royal centre of the Picts at Rhynie, Aberdeenshire. The placename Rhynie derives from early Celtic (Pictish) rig, 'king', and our work at the site suggests Rhynie was an important power centre of the Picts during the 5th and 6th centuries AD. Excavations have uncovered a series of fortified enclosures where a number of decorated Pictish stones stood, including one, the Craw Stane, which still stands at the site today and two others including the iconic Rhynie Man discovered in the 1970s. The excavations have revealed a rich material assemblage including sherds of Late Roman wine amphorae imported from the eastern Mediterranean, sherds of glass drinking beakers from France and high-status metalwork. The metalworking evidence includes moulds and crucibles for production and an incredibly rare set of fine metalworking tongs.
The high-status metalwork also includes an axe-shaped pin with a serpent design that resembles the axe carried by the Rhynie Man (the network logo). We have also found traces of the contemporary cemetery that went alongside the fortified settlement and uncovered the remains of Pictish burial mounds including the partially preserved remains of an adult female buried within one of the barrows. Ongoing work at Rhynie aims to uncover more of the royal complex and understand a site that clearly encompassed elements of settlement, burial, cult and ceremony – key components of an early royal pagan centre of Pictland.
Excavations at Rhynie 2012 next to the Craw Stane Pictish symbol stone © University of Aberdeen


MATLAB Examples
Gearbox Efficiency Measurement
This example shows a test for measuring gear box efficiency. The input shaft is driven at a fixed speed and a variable torque is applied to the output shaft. Power is measured on both the input and output shafts, and efficiency is calculated as the ratio of output to input power. The simulation results match the parameters specified for the efficiency of the gear.
Contents
Model
Simulation Results from Simscape Logging
The plot below shows load-dependent efficiency in a gear model. A gear is driven at a constant speed as the load torque is varied. The efficiency at the nominal point exactly matches the parameter values in the block.


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The Meaning of a Format
Duke University Press 2012
MP3: The Meaning of a Format (Duke University Press, 2012) is a fascinating study of the MP3 as a historical, cultural, conceptual, and social phenomenon. In the course of an account of the MP3 that has surprising connections to telephony and the economics of perception, Jonathan Sterne usefully shifts our attention from media-in-general to a more specific focus on material formats, "the stuff beneath, beyond, and behind the boxes our media come in." MP3 explores the process by which AT&T learned how to make money from the gaps in human hearing. By the 1980s, Sterne shows, engineers had developed methods for using what cannot be heard within the audible spectrum as the basis for a system of data compression for digital sound transmission. The same decade saw a subgroup of the International Organization for Standardization, the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), devise a standard for digital video and audio with the help of a series of tests that gauged listeners' levels of sonic annoyance. Sterne shows how the MP3 format emerged out of these overlapping material and social contexts of perception, technics, and experimentation. There are cat pianos and cat telephones (not what you think!) here, as well as accounts of cybernetics and information theory, histories of the domestication of noise, considerations of the challenge of archiving digital mashups, and vignettes about Suzanne Vega and Tom's Diner. It's a wonderful book about an important part of our daily media landscape, and it was great fun to talk about it!
A review of MP3: The Meaning of Format can be found in Public Books here.


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Article – Decomposing the Drivers of Changes in Inequality During the Great Recession in Ireland using the Fields Approach
O'Donoghue, C., Loughrey, J., & Sologon, D. M. (2018). Decomposing the Drivers of Changes in Inequality During the Great Recession in Ireland using the Fields Approach. The Economic and Social Review, 49(2, Summer), 173–200.
In this paper we take as a case study a developed country that both experienced one of the highest sustained growth periods in recent decades, but also had one of the largest economic declines during the recent crisis period; Ireland. In particular, given the availability of data and the period from the peak before the economic crisis and the lowest point in the crisis, we focus on the period around the boom 2007-2012. We find that inequality in terms of disposable income decreased over the period, with an increase in the redistributive effect of the tax-benefit system offsetting a rise in market income inequality. We utilize the Fields regression decomposition to understand the impact of demographic, labor market and other drivers. We find that the explanatory power of the Fields regressions fell over time, reflecting the asymmetric shock induced by the economic crisis. Labor market drivers had the largest impact on the level of income inequality over the period, accounting for 64 per cent of variability in 2007, but rising to 75 per cent in 2012. Educational attainment is positively associated with inequality. However, the effect greatly diminished between 2007 and 2012. Changes in the demographic structure and changes in the level and distribution of market incomes increased inequality. We also decomposed the change in inequality into price and quantity effects that result from a change in the return and composition respectively.


Main Content
Modeling Constant Velocity Joints - Power Take-Off Shaft
This example shows a Power Take-Off (PTO) shaft, a device for transferring power from tractor engines to auxiliary equipment such as soil tillers and wood chippers. The model includes two PTO subsystems identical in every sense but their joints. One contains universal (U) joints, the other constant-velocity (CV) joints.
At large bend angles, U joints lead to uneven rotations, subjecting the adjoining shafts to relatively large vibrations and elevated internal stresses. CV joints eliminate these by allowing the shafts to spin at constant velocity, resulting in a smooth motion profile no matter the bend angle.
A single set of motion inputs governs the behavior of the PTO subsystems. The Scope block plots the resulting angular velocities and bend angles of the shafts, enabling you to compare the kinematics of the two joint types.
See Also


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This small courtyard pavilion located in the center of a classroom building activates the space by functioning like a machine of learning. Benches on the second floor catalyze informal conversations and outdoor presentations can occur in the sunken lecture hall. The pavilion also complements the geometry of the surrounding courtyard building. It is located on the center axis of the courtyard and it makes use of the existing staircase to create a dramatic entrance into the lecture hall. A reflecting pool in the center of the pavilion captures the sky and pulls it down into the core of the space and radiating "arms" line up with the existing trees and incorporate them into the design logic.
Status: School Project
Location: Atlanta, GA, US


The topic Rodeo is discussed in the following articles:
De Mille
 - TITLE: Agnes de Mille (American dancer and choreographer)
 Rodeo (1942), one of her most important ballets, was created for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo. The first ballet to include tap dancing, it used distinctively American gestures—bronco-riding and steer-roping movements. Most of de Mille's other ballets were choreographed for New York City's Ballet Theatre, which she joined in 1940. Her works for that company include Fall River...
history of tap dance
 - TITLE: tap dance
 SECTION: Film
 ...attributed to a series of events in the 1940s. In 1942 Agnes de Mille introduced narrative ballet into the Broadway show with Oklahoma!. Although in Rodeo (1942) she had also been the first to introduce tap dance into ballet, her billing as a "choreographer" and the false competition with ballet made tap seem...


01775nas a2200169 4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260002400219300001400243520113000257653001201387100002001399700001901419700001701438700001501455856013501470 2003 eng d 00 aTowards a Haptic Black Box: Magnetorheological fluid based display for softness and shape discrimination 0 aTowards a Haptic Black Box Magnetorheological fluid based displa aTaipei, Taiwan cMay a2412-2417 3 a
In this paper we propose an innovative prototype of a haptic display for whole-hand immersive exploration. We envision a new concept of haptic display, the Haptic Black Box concept, which can be imagined as a box where the operator can poke his/her bare hand, and interact with the virtual object by freely moving the hand without mechanical constraints. In this way sensory receptors on the whole operator's hand would be excited, rather than restricting to just one or few fingertips or phalanges. To progress towards such a challenging goal, magnetorheological (MR) fluids represent a very interesting technology. These fluids are composed of micron-sized, magnetizable particles immersed in a synthetic oil. Exposure to an external magnetic field induces in the fluid a change in rheological behaviour turning it into a near-solid in few milliseconds. By removing the magnetic field, the fluid quickly returns to its liquid state. We briefly report on the design of this device, describe psychophysical experiments to assess performance for softness and shape exploration, and report on the experimental results.
 10 aHaptics 1 aScilingo, E. P. 1 aSgambelluri, N 1 aDe Rossi, D. 1 aBicchi, A. uhttps://www.centropiaggio.unipi.it/publications/towards-haptic-black-box-magnetorheological-fluid-based-display-softness-and-shape


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The South Bank, Somerset House and Covent Garden – three London landmarks that have seen spectacular change from their original uses. Although all are cultural destinations, their architectural responses are radically different. How did the buildings develop and adapt, and will they remain relevant in a changing world?
The Festival of Britain in 1951 sparked redevelopment of the South Bank, so our walk begins at Royal Festival Hall. We consider the brutalist institutions along the Thames before crossing Waterloo Bridge, with its panoramic views of the city. North of the river we discover Somerset House and some of the most fascinating buildings around Aldwych, before ending our journey at Covent Garden.
Are you interested in seeing and understanding more about the architecture of London? Join us on an informative walk with an architect as your guide. Our group tours explore the past, present and future of London's architecture and urbanism. We specialise in giving insight on some of the most interesting and influential modern buildings. We also see how these buildings are shaped by their historical and social context.
Our scheduled tours are aimed at London residents and visitors who are interested in architecture and design and who want to experience a walking tour that goes beyond the tourist routes.


Question by ashwin (19)
How many leg lifts should be done with ankle weights?
Answer by brendalea2121 (206)
You should only do about 12 lifts. Take a break for about a minute and do it again. You should do about three sets with 12 reps each, then move onto your next exercise.
Answer by Rian (52)
There is no set number. The weights vary as does ankle resistance. I would recommend starting from the lighter end to get feel of how comfortable they are then start adding the weight. Remember it is easy to tear a tendon - so go easy and gauge your resistance.
Answer by mjl10 (282)
It depends what weight of ankle weights you are using. If you are using light weights, you should aim for more repetition (15-20 reps). If you are using a heavier weight, you should aim for less repetition (5 reps).
Answer by barkley (951)
Assuming you do not have any medical issues, you should start with a set of 15 leg lifts or until the muscle feels tired. You can increase the number of sets or the amount of weight as you get stronger.
Answer by rabbits123 (85)
not alot, you can pull a muscle/
Answer by alz (2329)
This completely depends on each individual and their ability. I would start with 3 sets of 10, and then see how you feel. If this is too easy, increase the number of reps.
You have 50 words left!


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Note: This message is displayed if (1) your browser is not standards-compliant or (2) you have you disabled CSS. Read our Policies for more information.
International Great Lakes Datum (IGLD) is the reference system by which Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin water levels are measured. It consists of benchmarks at various locations on the lakes and St. Lawrence River that roughly coincides with sea level. All water levels are measured in feet or meters above this point. Movements in the earth's crust necessitate updating this datum every 25-30 years. The first IGLD was based upon measurements and bench marks that centered on the year 1955, and it was called IGLD (1955). The most recently updated datum uses calculations that center on 1985, and it is called IGLD (1985). Measurements recorded in NGVD (1929) or IGLD (1955) need to be converted to IGLD (1985) measurements before they can be used in comparison situations. The table below displays the different readings for the OHWM in Indiana and how to convert NGVD (1929) and IGLD (1955) measurements to IGLD (1985) measurements. Conversion Equations


Learning Tools
Myth/Fact Sheets
The Holocaust Deniers Say:
What we know about the destruction of teeth by fire
 - After 30 minutes in fires with temperatures of 752 degrees Fahrenheit (400 degrees Celsius) the front teeth are totally destroyed. The molars (the grinding teeth in the back of the mouth) start to crack.
 - At between 45 and 70 minutes in fires with temperatures between 1832 degrees Fahrenheit (1000 degrees Celsius) and 2012 degrees Fahrenheit (1100 degrees Celsius), all the teeth are totally carbonized. 3
 - In a civilian crematorium furnace, a temperature between 1400 to 2100 degrees Fahrenheit (760 to 1150 degrees Celsius) is generated to ensure the disintegration of the remains. Even then teeth and some bones are still intact and are crushed in a machine. 4
Have teeth been found in the camps?
 - Polish judicial authorities performed excavations on the site in October 1945. They dug nine holes or trenches in the area believed to the extermination part of the camp. They found "... a large number of human bones... such as skulls, parts of skulls, vertebrae, ribs, collarbones, shoulder blades, arm bones, lower legs, wrists, fingers, pelvic bones, thigh bones, lower legs and foot bones. Some of the bones mentioned are either partly burnt or had not been burnt at all... From the size of the various bones one can conclude that they belong to persons of different age groups, from two-year-olds up to very old people, as borne out by toothless jaws and numerous dentures. Among the jawbones found there was one partially burnt specimen containing milk teeth as well as incipient permanent teeth, which indicates that it belongs to a person 7 to 8 years of age." 5
 - Andrezj Kola, together with a team of professionals, drilled 2,000 core samples throughout the area of the camp in Belzec in 1997 and 1998. He found 33 mass graves filled with whole bodies, parts of bodies (some burned, others not) and huge areas of human ash, bone remnants, and wood ash. It is reasonable to believe that some of the ash and bone remnants are probably the remains of teeth although Kola did not identify them separately. 6
 - Most of the teeth would have been destroyed in the fires and the rest would have been pretty well crushed. Their presence today is indeterminable from the rest of the human ashes in the graves.
 - The few whole teeth that would have gotten through the burning and pulverization process are scattered across or buried under acres of land. Finding them in the thousands of tons of human and wood ash would be purely accidental.
 - The research of forensic dentists-whose business it is to know precisely what happens to teeth in fire conditions-shows that exactly the opposite of the Holocaust deniers' claims are true. In fires with temperatures high enough to cremate bodies, most of the teeth are destroyed. Any remaining teeth that did not burn are weakened and so are more easily ground to dust.
 - The Holocaust deniers did not do their research-or if they did they ignored it-preferring instead to trumpet the alleged damage to the "Holohoax" that the spectacular image of 55 million teeth missing from the grounds and mass graves of the Operation Reinhard camps provides.
 - The intact teeth of 1.8 million murdered Jews in the three camps of Operation Reinhard cannot be found because they are part of the deep layers of human ash in the mass graves or are scattered or were dumped into local rivers and ponds.
1. See NAFCASH website at.
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Volley passes and concentration
Aim - To improve players concentration, touch and confidence in passing on the volley. To have fun and to test the players ability.
- 1. Concentration, watch the ball on to the foot for a clean connection.
- 2. Let the players have some fun with this but do not let the session turn into mayhem, there is a lot to be gained from this work.
- 3. Softness in the first touch.
- 4. Confidence in the volley, don't be afraid or hesitant.
- 5. Aim to get height on the volleys so it's easier for team mate to adjust.


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BMW History: Karl Rapp was an aircraft engine manufacturer, which is why the BMW logo symbolizes a spinning white propeller. After World War I the Treaty of Versailles prohibited Germany from making aircraft so BMW made railcar brakes. The first BMW motorcycle was introduced in 1923 and by 1933 they were producing cars. During World War II BMW produced engines, jet engines and weapons for the German army and the factory suffered major damage from allied bombs.
The first post-war BMW was produced in 1952 but they were too expensive for the market and sales were low. In 1959 BMW considered selling out to rival Daimler-Benz but new money from investors saved the day. Between 1994 and 2000 BMW bought the Rover Group which built the Rover, Mini and Land Rover brands and had the rights to the Austin, Morris, Riley, Triumph and Wolseley marques. In 2000 BMW sold their interest in the Rover Group but kept the rights to Mini, Rover, Triumph and other marques.
Enter keywords (Ex: 1957 chevy door) or use filters to see what we have.


How can I make a consecutive numbering with my e-mark?
Creating a consecutive numbering imprint in the app
To create a numbering imprint, go to "New imprint" and "start without template". In the editor you can add a numbering element to your imprint. Alternatively, you can choose one of the pre-installed numbering templates and click on the numbering element.
You can choose the following numbering settings:
 - Starting point/First number
 - Steps to count upwards
 - Digits of your number (00123 would be 5 digits)
 - End point of your numbering
 - Change after 'x' imprints (an imprint/number can be printed several times before it counts upwards)
 - Define a prefix or suffix to your number
Printing consecutive numbering imprints:
Since one of the latest updates, imprints with numbering function are automatically counted up from the e-mark. For this purpose, a numbering has to be added in the editor or a template has to be selected from the numbering category. Then send it once to the e-mark, the rest will be done by the e-mark itself. The e-mark continues to count even if the app is closed or the e-mark is switched off between two prints.
Please note that prints with numbering function cannot be stored on the e-mark at the blue, pink and orange positions or added to the print queue.
Furthermore, please note that by removing the battery or having had a battery level of 0 %, the e-mark resets numbering and will not print the right information any more.
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At the International Conference on Information Systems and Design of Communication (ISDOC 2014), researchers and practitioners will exchange information in areas relevant to the design of communication, processes, methods, and technologies for communicating and designing communication artifacts such as printed documents, online text, and hypermedia applications.
The ISDOC 2014 will be held in Lisboa, Portugal on May 16-17, 2014.
ISDOC 2014 Keynote Speaker: Rosario Durao
The conference will cover the following topics (but not exclusively):
- Approaches to Information Design and Information Architecture
- Cloud Computing
- Collaborative Systems
- Computer-Mediated Communication
- Content Management Systems
- Data Vizualization
- Design for Interaction
- Design of communication and Editing tools
- Design of communication and Games
- Design of communication and organizational systems
- Design Principles
- Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA)
- Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
- Human-Computer Interaction (HCI/CHI)
- International and Intercultural Communication Design
- Learning Systems
- Open Source and Design of Communication
- Search engine optimization (SEO)
- User Experience Methods to Support Design
- User Support Systems and Documentation
EuroSIGDOC will be helding the next conference ISDOC 2014 in Lisbon.
ISDOC 2014 is an ACM Chapter Event.


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TMC Compressors has secured a contract to provide a compressed air system for a jack-up foundation vessel by Cadeler, with Cosco Heavy Industries placing the order for the innovative equipment. The Smart Air compressors, designed to deliver up to 40% in energy savings compared to traditional models, will be integral to Cadeler's F-class vessel, tailored for large-scale projects in the renewable wind offshore industry.
The versatile F-class vessel is capable of swift conversions, transitioning from the installation of large foundations to erecting wind turbines within a short timeframe. TMC, headquartered in Norway, will undertake the manufacturing and assembly of the equipment in Europe, shipping it to Cosco's shipyard in Qidong, China. While the contract's value remains undisclosed, the significance lies in the application of energy-efficient technology to a sizable marine compressed air system.
Hans Petter Tanum, TMC's Director of Sales and Business Development, highlighted the importance of energy efficiency for a vessel of such magnitude, stating, "This is a large vessel, which requires a large capacity marine compressed air system. Consequently, the more energy efficient the system is, the proportionate cost savings become even greater. That is why Cosco and Cadeler have gone for our Smart Air system."
TMC's Smart Air compressors leverage frequency-controlled technology, providing precise control over compressor speed. The electrical motor adjusts its speed dynamically based on the required air volume, ensuring optimal compressed air consumption. Lower air consumption directly correlates to reduced power consumption, aligning with the vessel's energy-efficient objectives.
As part of the vessel's commitment to sustainability, the implementation of TMC's Smart Air system aligns with the broader industry trend towards eco-friendly solutions in offshore wind projects. The contract signifies a strategic move towards enhancing energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact in the renewable energy sector.


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Central African Republic
Practice Relating to Rule 15. The Principle of Precautions in Attack
Section D. Information required for deciding upon precautions in attack
The Central African Republic's Instructor's Manual (1999) states in Volume 3 (Instruction for non-commissioned officers studying for the level 1 and 2 certificates and for future officers of the criminal police):
To accomplish his mission a military commander needs appropriate intelligence on the enemy and the environment.
To be able to comply with the law of war, intelligence must comprise the following information:
- concentrations of civilian persons;
- the civilian environment;
- types of built-up areas (towns, villages, shelters, etc.);
- the presence and type of major civilian objects, in particular specially protected objects;
- the natural environment.
Also in Volume 3, the manual states: "Military commanders must inform themselves about concentrations of civilians, important civilian objects and specially protected facilities, the natural environment and the civilian environment of military objectives."


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A previous column (April 28, 2016) explained how Armenian աղ (agh) and English salt were related to each other. Now it seems fit to explore how salt, in the end, may become… sweet.
Salt gives flavor to all sorts of food, and, of course, it may be used in a metaphorical sense, as Jesus did in the Sermon of the Mount: "You are the salt of the earth, but if the salt has lost its flavor, with what will it be salted? It is then good for nothing, but to be cast out and trodden under the feet of men" (Matthew 5:13). Without salt, let aside all other condiments, food loses an essential nutrient and much of its actual taste.
The concept of flavor implies, by extension, that salt also provides taste, including "sweetness." The Armenian language has reflected that in a few words. Classical Armenian had the word աղու (aghoo), which meant "tasty, sweet." Villages and mountains in Eastern and Western Armenia were and are named Աղու (Aghoo). The name comes from the combination of the word agh and the suffix ու (oo), used in adjectives like հատու (hadoo, from had(el) "to cut" + oo, meaning "sharp").
But we have more surprises: two common words that are only used in Western Armenian and also have agh as their source. One of them is the word աղուոր (aghoo + or = aghvor), with the meaning of "good, nice" (e.g. աղուոր աղջիկ / aghvor aghchig "nice girl"). The other is աղէկ (agheg), which means "good" (e.g. աղէկ պայմաններ / agheg baymanner "good conditions").
Doesn't it sound convincing? In such cases, comparative examples offer a solution. The Russian word for "salt," from the same Proto-Indo-European source, is sol'. Two surprising derivations of this word are "sweet" (sladkii) and "candy" (sladosti). Why? Such are the mysteries of language.


Question: Can Worms Eat Potatoes?
Do worms like banana peels?
They'll make short work of what otherwise would have taken up space in your trash.
To make food easier for the worms to consume it is good to chop or puree it..
Do worms like coffee grounds?
Soil-borne bacteria and fungi break down the various chemical components of coffee grounds after several months. Earthworms are also able to use this food source. Earthworms consume coffee grounds and deposit them deep in soil. This may account for noted improvements in soil structure such as increased aggregation.
Do worms eat carrots?
Carrots are a good worm food but you have to consider that worms don't feed on materials that are fresh so the carrots and any other organic material that you add to your worm farm has to start to decompose to enable the worms to feed on it.
Do worms eat egg shells?
Worms will swallow eggshell powder to add grit. Since Red Wigglers don't have teeth, they need a bit of grit to help break down the food scraps. Eggshells are perfect for this.
What should you not put in a worm farm?
What To Not Feed WormsMeats, bones, fat and anything oily or greasy.Dairy products including butter, sour cream, milk, whole eggs (egg shells are ok) and cheese.Canned sauces, peanut butter and other processed food.Citrus foods like lemons, limes and oranges.Onions and garlic.Spicy foods such as hot peppers.More items…•
Do worms like oatmeal?
Aside from animal manure, you can also feed them the following organic wastes: … Starchy food wastes – these can be in the form of bread, oatmeal, and pasta. Bedding materials – the materials that you place inside the worm bin can also be consumed by your red wigglers.
What is the best food for worms?
The Best Worm Foods for Your SoilFruit peelings (not citrus)Melon rinds.Carrots.Coffee grounds.Teabags.Bread.Cereal (unsweetened)Pasta (plain)More items…•
Can worms eat tomatoes?
*Tomatoes are slightly acidic, but worms still seem to like it and will tolerate it just fine in moderation. … Those fruit trimmings can go to your hungry worms and they'll turn your kitchen waste into some of the most rich, nutritional compost you can get your hands on!
Do worms eat bread?
Fruit and vegie scraps, teabags and coffee grounds, crushed eggshells, small amounts of bread or pasta, moist cardboard and newspaper. you're not overfeeding your worms. Uneaten food will begin to smell and attract unwanted pests. … This means you can feed your worm farm a few handfuls every few days.
Do worms eat grass clippings?
What can I use as a worm blanket?
You can use several sections of newspaper soaked in water. Or, use a worm blanket made from jute. Jute worm blankets are all-natural, breathable and just the right thickness to hold in moisture. Some worm bins come with a blanket.
How fast do Worms multiply?
How do you attract worms?
See how to attract worms to the garden! When the frost leaves the ground, the earthworms start moving upward in the soil looking for mates….What a Worm WantsReduce tilling your soil.Leave organic matter on the surface.Add manure and compost.Ditch the chemicals.Use an organic mulch to keep soil moist and cool.
What should you not feed worms?
Do worms eat cucumbers?
One thing to remember is that the worms are not going to eat the food right away. It has to start decomposing a little before they chow down. That might take a day or two for cucumber peelings or melon rinds and a little longer for pumpkin or squash. Here you can see cucumber peelings that are almost all eaten.
Can worms eat cabbage?
Worms tend to avoid plants in the brassica family. Contrary to their reputation, worms are not able to eat anything and everything you put into a worm bin. … Brassicas (cabbage, kale, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, turnips, etc.) and alliums (onions, garlic, shallots, scallions, leeks, chives, etc.)
Do worms eat rice?
Bread, rice, pasta, processed foods – you can add the odd crust or bits of cooked rice off the dinner plate, but don't add lots of starchy foods. Worms don't like them and they may go off or attract pests. … Worms love coffee grounds but mix them with other foods and paper.
Can you put coffee grounds in a worm farm?
Coffee grounds have about the same amount of nitrogen as grass clippings – 2% or so, meaning they heat up quickly when added to compost and help turn the entire pile into a beautiful dark rich soil. They are also very suitable for the worm farm, with those little guys loving used coffee grounds.
Do worms eat hair?
The key point here is that worms eat organic matter. … They will also eat shredded newspaper, egg cartons and cardboard. And while this one always prompts people to screw up their faces, worms will also consume human (and pet) hair and nails.
Are tea bags good for worms?
Tea Bags: Yes! The tea bags will start to break down in the worm bin, and the worms will finish off the contents. The string and paper tab might not break down as quickly. You can rip them off before saving a tea bag.
How do you maintain a worm bed?
Lift up the bedding and underlying material to bring air into the system. Keep your worm bin in an environment with a fairly constant temperature that is neither too hot nor too cold. Never keep your worm bin in an area that receives direct sun exposure, or in an area that will become colder than 5 degrees Celcius.


What is the exact time right now including seconds?
or by visiting worldtimebuddy.com. According to worldtimebuddy.com, the current time
right now including seconds is 11:03:57 PM on Tuesday, January 24, 2017 in New York, USA.
Assuming you're looking for a more in-depth answer, the current time right now
including seconds can be found by checking the time on your computer or phone. If
you're using a Windows computer, the current time including seconds can be found in
the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. If you're using a Mac, the current time
including seconds can be found in the top right-hand corner of your screen.
On an iPhone, the current time including seconds can be found by opening the Clock
app and looking at the World Clock tab. On an Android phone, the current time
including seconds can be found by opening the Clock app and tapping on the World Clock
icon.
No matter what device you're using, the current time right now including seconds can
also be found by doing a simple Google search. Simply type "What time is it?" or
"What is the time?" into the search bar and Google will display the current time
including seconds.
You can also find the current time by checking the clock on your computer or phone
In the United States, the current time is:
READ Huawei Speculated To Develop Its Own OS
The current time is: 12:53 PM
The current time zone is: Eastern Daylight Time (EDT)
In other time zones, the current time is:
11:53 AM in Central Daylight Time (CDT)
10:53 AM in Mountain Daylight Time (MDT)
9:53 AM in Pacific Daylight Time (PDT)
The current time in other parts of the world is:
5:53 PM in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
6:53 PM in Central European Time (CET)
7:53 PM in Eastern European Time (EET)
12:53 AM in Japan Standard Time (JST)
1:53 AM in Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST)
The current day is: Wednesday, August 8, 2017
The current time can also be found by looking at a clock on the wall or in a public place
In Vietnam, the current time can be found by looking at a clock on the wall or in a public place. The time is displayed in a 12-hour format, with the hour hand pointing to the hour and the minute hand pointing to the minute. For example, if it is currently 10:15am in Vietnam, the clock would read "10:15" (without the quotation marks).
You can also ask someone what the current time is
The current time can be found in many different ways
What clock has the exact time?


text:
Radioisotope-Powered Voltaic Cells
Small Business Information
One Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730
AbstractSpire's program will develop a high energy density, long life power source for space applications such as Brilliant Pebbles and Brilliant Eyes. The essential element of the proposed device consists of a radioisotope powered indium phosphide voltaic cell that can achieve an energy density over ten thousand times greater than that of chemical batteries. In past attempts to develop radioisotope powered voltaic cells, the power attained was severely limited by radiation damage to the silicon semiconductor material used in the cells. This limitation has been removed by the recently discovered radiation damage resistance and annealing properties of indium phosphide. High energy beta and alpha emitters can now achieve high power and long life, and the use of alpha emitters can eliminate external radiation. Spire's voltaic cells represent a power source for remote or inaccessible locations such as space, ocean depths, arctic or mountainous regions, as well as for implantable power sources for cardiac pacemakers, insulin pumps, and ventricular assist devices.
* information listed above is at the time of submission.


text:
Operando scattering techniques for detecting precipitation reactions in lithium-sulfur batteries
Precipitation behavior is crucial to utilizing sulfur cathodes in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. In this issue of Chem, Rennie and co-workers apply operando scattering techniques to reveal correlations between precipitation reactions and the electrochemical performance of sulfur cathodes and demonstrate that Li+ supply in carbon mesopores is significant for precipitation reactions and thus sulfur utilization.
Open Access Status
This publication is not available as open access
Australian Research Council


text:
Time from customer order received to customer order delivered.In detail:
Order Lead Time is the longest lead time. When a customer sends an order, the clock starts ticking. This ticking ends onlywhen the order has been fulfilled and the customer has received what was requested. If the order consists of several deliveries, measuring ends when the last delivery is received or each delivery can be tracked on its own. This time represents the ability to respond to orders and is almost always up to the effectiveness of the supply chain. Order Lead Time is the only lead time that is of interest to the customer because the customer only wants to know when he or she will receive what was ordered. This is easy to understand when compared to ordering from the Internet. After one has placed the order, it is nice to get emails telling that it has been processed or sent, but all that one really care about is the date when the products should arrive.
Time from customer order received to sales order created.In detail:
Customer orders can be received through several methods, including fax and email. When the order has been received, measuring of Order Handling Time begins which ends when the order has been entered into the system. Between these two steps, the order has to be validated to ensure its correctness. It has to include all needed information, e.g. requested delivery date, delivery address, products, quantities and prices. Order entry processing includes checks to export control, transportation time, sales availability and product life cycle. Optimally, the Order Handling Time should be a day or less, but in international firms, that might be hard to achieve. Even more important is order correctness, which requires high attention as mistakes can cause severe delays later on down the supply chain.
Time from sales order created to production finished (ready for delivery).In detail:
When the order is input to ERP, it is visible at the factory. It is also when measuring of Manufacturing Lead Time begins as the ball is handed to the factory. It is their job to confirm material availability, plan and begin production and prepare the goods for shipment. For following how fast orders are actually fulfilled at the factory, Manufacturing Lead Time gives the needed information. In Make-to-Stock production, this is the most important phase where time can be saved or wasted. Manufacturing Lead Time is an external measurement; it does not tell what has been made, but how fast the finished goods are ready to be shipped. If inventory value was not important, ready-made units could be simply stored in a huge warehouse and shipped after an order is received, which would lead to an extremely short Manufacturing Lead Time. This is, of course, not a real situation as it is not cost efficient and would lead to a high risk. As Manufacturing Lead Time does not see what is happening inside the factory, it solely is not enough. There has to be an internal measurement as well.
Time from start of physical production of first submodule to production finished (ready for delivery).In detail:
The factory's internal measurement is Production Lead Time. As actual production of the ordered product begins, starts also Production Lead Time. Usually, the finished module is assembled from submodules. Production Lead Time for a certain module is counted from the oldest submodule's production start to the module being packed and ready to ship. For submodules, the moment when production can be seen as started is when it has a serial number, i.e. when the ID label is printed on it. Whereas Manufacturing Lead Time is an external measurement, Production Lead Time is an internal measurement. It does not tell how fast after an order the product was ready, but it tells how long it took to make it. The time it took to produce a finished module tells also how long effort and money were bound to it before it was of any actual value to someone.
Time from production finished to customer order delivered.In detail:
After the work at the factory has finished and the products are packed and ready to ship, delivery process begins. The exact moment for this is pressing post goods issue for outbound delivery, which decreases inventory, enables billing and allows booking transportation. Measurement ends when the delivery is signed as received at the destination and the customer has received the order. Delivery Lead Time is usually quite static and depends on the chosen transportation method and the distance to the destination. It can be shortened only to a certain extent, mainly by reducing extra steps that add waste like non-value handling or waiting. In international deliveries, Delivery Lead Time can be the most time consuming part of the Order Lead Time, especially in the MTS model.
Click a term to show its explanation!
Click again to close!
Lead Time is a widely used measurement in manufacturing. It tells how much time it takes to start and finish something. Lead Time terms can be seen very differently, depending on personal preferences and work background, which is why these terms were defined. The scope of these terms is from customer order received to customer order delivered, which is the most vital measurement for any company and solely up to the structure and effectiveness of the firm. Steps from customer order received to delivery received by the customer are represented by five terms. They are listed in a temporal sequence and explained in detail above. The amount of work each term covers varies and some of them are timely situated parallel to each other.
A restaurant opens up and a customer walks in. A waiter guides him to a table, gives him the menu and asks what he would like to order. The customer selects a dish and the waiter writes it in his notepad. At that moment the customer has made an order which the restaurant has accepted - Order Lead Time and Order Handling Time have begun.
Now the waiter marks the order in the cash register, rips the paper from the notepad, takes it into the kitchen and puts into the order queue. The order has been handled and is waiting in the factory (kitchen) for manufacturing.
As there are no other customers, the waiter decides to stand outside the kitchen, by the door, waiting for the dish to be prepared and begins calculating Manufacturing Lead Time.
Meanwhile, the chef finishes what he was doing, takes the order from the queue, starts his clock as a mark for the start of Production Lead Time and begins cooking. The chef chops the vegetables, fries the meat and boils the pasta. When the dish is ready, the chef rings a bell and stops his clock.
At the same time the waiter stops calculating Manufacturing Lead Time and rushes through the kitchen door to get the food while it's hot.
When he picks it up, begins counting of Delivery Lead Time that ends when the dish is served to the customer, who can now happily say that the Order Lead Time was shorter than he had expected.
As you can see, these terms can be easily applied to other circumstances than telecommunications production. In fact, the only limiting factor is that there needs to be a customer.
Out of the Lead Time terms there are two that have a special relation to each other. These two are Manufacturing Lead Time and Production Lead Time, which both measure the efficiency of production. Manufacturing Lead Time measures exactly the same steps than Production Lead Time but includes also steps before production is started. Production Lead Time on the other hand begins only when the first submodule is started.
What these terms have in common is also the thing differentiating them. They both tell how good the production is in something but with a difference. Manufacturing Lead Time measures how fast an order is fulfilled - how long it takes for the factory to dispatch the ordered products calculated from the moment the order was input to the system. It is an external measurement. Once the order is in the system, it is the factory's task to produce it as fast as possible. In the perspective of Manufacturing Lead Time, speed can be achieved by having huge buffers of ready-made products simply waiting to be delivered. This way it would be possible to fulfill orders in a few moments. The model could be compared to a supermarket - just pick up the products requested.
However, having a large buffer of expensive basestations that are not necessarily ordered even weekly would introduce sky high inventory costs. This is where Production Lead Time can be seen as useful. It measures how long resources are tied up before they are of actual value to someone. It is an internal measurement. Once production starts, expensive components are used to build the modules, but it doesn't create any profit before a while after the customer has received it. Basically any time spent in a buffer or a warehouse is a waste of resources and should be avoided. For these buffered products Production Lead Time would be painstakingly long as the time measured doesn't end when the product is finished and packed. Instead, it ends when the delivery of these products starts, so having an extremely short Manufacturing Lead Time on the expense of Production Lead Time is definitely not the correct approach.
A balance can be found between the terms - a situation where both give out good metrics. This is achieved when a short Manufacturing Lead Time is gotten through improving production so that Production Lead Time is also short. Lets consider a production that is run by purchase orders. Once an order is in the system, production begins at the first available time in the schedule and all the required components and parts are available without extra procurement delay. In this case the best results overall are gotten when the production is efficient so the product is made quickly. In a situation like this, Manufacturing Lead Time is not the shortest possible but instead it is quite close to Production Lead Time, being only slightly longer due to scheduling delay. But it has to be longer in a PO controlled production to avoid high inventory costs.


text:
Sobre el uso de los procesos sinópticos objetivos y los modelos meteorológicos a alta resolución para el estudio de los patrones circulatorios a escala regional
Document typeExternal research report
Rights accessOpen Access
This contribution describes the methodology developed for the automatic classification of what are called the Objective Synoptic Processes (OSP), which is based in the analysis of the evolution, during three days, of surface pressure and geopotencial height at 500 hPa. The procedure has been applied over an appropriate domain covering the Iberian Peninsula to obtain OSP for the period July-August. Next, for a characteristic day for some of the OSP, a mesoscale meteorological model has been run at high resolution for the region of Catalonia in order to describe the circulatory patterns associated to a given synoptic situation.


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On this page:
Definition of the noun algerian capital
What does algerian capital mean as a name of something?
- an ancient port on the Mediterranean; the capital and largest city of Algeria
- lexical domain: Locations - nouns denoting spatial position
- synonym of Algerian capital: Algiers
- instance of: port = a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country; national capital = the capital city of a nation
- part of: Algeria / Algerie / Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria = a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean Sea with a population that is predominantly Sunni Muslim
Printed encyclopedias and other books with definitions for Algerian capital
Click on a title to look inside that book (if available):
Encyclopedia of World Trade (2015)
From Ancient Times to the Present by Cynthia Clark Northrup, Jerry H. Bentley, Alfred E. Eckes, Jr, Patrick Manning, Kenneth Pomeranz, Steven Topik
Algerian capital, Algiers. During.
Encyclopedia of Warfare (2013)
From the Earliest Times to the Present Day by Adrian Gilbert
area of the Algerian capital, Algiers, and from its warren of narrow streets and small houses carried out terrorist attacks in the European part of the city. In January 1957...
Online dictionaries and encyclopedias with entries for Algerian capital
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Go to the usage examples of Algerian capital to see it in context!


confusion, we will ensure that the Jenkins warnings perfectly mirror the vulnerabilities of the official tool.
The easiest way of deriving some data from the audit JSON is relatively simple:
const issues = Object.values(auditJSON.vulnerabilities).map((vulnerability) => {
 return {
 fileName: vulnerability.name,
 type: vulnerability.fixAvailable ? 'autofixable' : 'non-autofixable',
 severity: warningsNGSeverity(vulnerability.severity)
 };
});
The only three properties that we specify are:
 1. fileName: which is the main name of a Jenkins warning. It will be unique as each of the vulnerabilities is representing a distinct package.
 2. type: in the previous version, we were specifying the resolution type, i.e., whether it's an update, a review, or some other action. As in this action, we don't have such detailed information, we are just specifying if it's possible to fix the issue automatically.
 1. severity: this is the only thing that didn't change from the previous version.
Then I started to think about whether we can extract some more info and group vulnerabilities in reasonable categories. In the previous version, we were grouping by the "category" of the advisory ("Insufficient Entropy," "Prototype Pollution," etc.). I thought that we could traverse the via property for each vulnerability until we reach leaves and extract this information. But it's not uncommon to have multiple advisories leaves of a single vulnerability. Thus we may end up with the categories like "A", "B", "C", "A+B", "A+C",… and this won't be truly helpful. In the same way, we could group vulnerabilities by the top-level dependency packages, but again a single vulnerability can have multiple of those. Thus I simply don't get how one should reason about vulnerabilities based on how they are modeled.
Ultimately I decided to do a workaround and group the vulnerabilities (with packageName) by the fact whether they are advisories or just derivatives. To do this, I had to check if there are objects in the via property (as opposed to having only package names). Then for advisory vulnerabilities, we can contact all the types and use that as a message, while we can also put the concatenated URLs into the description. This way, one can filter out just advisories and look up what exactly is going on. Here is the final script:
const issues = Object.values(auditJSON.vulnerabilities).map((vulnerability) => {
 const advisories = vulnerability.via.filter((item) => typeof item === 'object');
 const isAdvisory = advisories.length > 0;
 return {
 fileName: vulnerability.name,
 packageName: isAdvisory ? 'advisory' : 'derived',
 type: vulnerability.fixAvailable ? 'autofixable' : 'non-autofixable',
 message: isAdvisory ? advisories.map((adv) => adv.title).join(' and ') : '',
 description: isAdvisory ? 'See: ${advisories.map((adv) => adv.url).join(' and ')}' : '',
 severity: warningsNGSeverity(vulnerability.severity)
 };
});
This solution is far from being perfect, but it's still usable. You can go to the issues stored in Jenkins, select the advisory ones, see which are auto-fixable, check their severity, read more about their class, or follow up to the official web page.
Screenshot 2020-12-04 at 20.44.34.png
Conclusion
You know, I could say that this new audit format is ok. And that they wrote about a breaking change on their blog. And that you can still figure out which packages in your repo have security vulnerabilities and why. And also that this is a fresh version, and they can still tweak things a bit in the future.
But I won't do that. The new auditing functionality sucks. And here are a few points that summarise all the issues with it:
 1. It's not clear what they are doing. They made a big change without explaining it, and I had to reverse-engineer their concepts and the resulting formats.
 2. The approach "all the dependent packages are vulnerable" overwhelms an average user with not-so-important data. The dependency tree has its own set of important features. Still, when used as a core model of a vulnerability report, it detracts focus from vulnerable packages and brings dependency confusion.
 3. The multi-root multi-leaf graph makes it hard to reason about the vulnerabilities. In the past, one could reason: "there are these advisories that apply to my project, and I have that set of actions to perform with my dependencies." With the new model, you are just drowning in a high number of vulnerabilities and hoping that a magical auto-fix will aid you.
 4. There is fewer accompanying data. Of course, in the past, the audit provided many unpopular details, such as the advisory author's name. However, some details could be used to immediately understand how a certain vulnerability manifests or when it was discovered. Now you have to follow the provided link to look up all the details.
 5. You need to type-check the obtained JSON. Do you remember the via array? When you want to extract some useful data, you have to check if an element is a string or an object. In my experience, such code/data models are mostly written by students or junior developers and don't convey much confidence.
In the end, I'm left with a simple question: why? Why, oh, why did you do this, NPM developers? The previous model was much more elaborate. The real-life entities were clearly modeled as dedicated advisories or actions. There was no type-checking upon data consumption. And ultimately, the number of boxes from the output matched with the number of vulnerabilities in summary.
I get an impression that a long time ago, enlightened sirs and ladies implemented the previous version; the new version, however, was overridden by a bunch of monkeys.
Sorry, I know that my previous sentence is offending, but it's based on all the 3.5+ thousand words that came priorly in this post.

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text:
Tools and Materials
- Paper clay
- Black permanent marker (optional)
- Bowl with round bottom
- Toilet paper roll
Note: If you don't have a bowl with a perfectly round bottom, place cotton on the bottom of a flat-bottomed bowl, then cover with plastic wrap to create a perfectly round work surface for the igloo.
Polar Bear How-To
- Starting with a golf ball-size ball of clay, use palms to roll clay into a teardrop shape. Hold in palm and press side of pointer finger into teardrop vertically, leaving a little bit of clay untouched at the tapered top (this will be the head).
- Press side of pointer finger into clay horizontally, one third of the way down from the tapered top, to create a cross.
- Pinch each quadrant divided by the cross to create four legs. To make a tail, push the clay up on bear's backside.
- If you want your bear to sit, place the bear's backside down on table and push head downward. If you want it to stand on all fours, place legs on table and push head upward. Use a finger dipped in water to smooth out any imperfections.
- To create ears, place two tiny balls of clay on head; smear back of ear with finger to attach.
- Place a pencil under the arms to hold the shape; let dry. Add eyes with a black permanent marker, if desired.
- Tuck in an edge of a toilet paper roll so it sits flush against the bowl; attach to bowl with tape.
- Roll out a thin layer of clay. Drape clay over bowl and press around form.
- Create "blocks" using the handle of a paintbrush, starting from the top and working your way down. Let dry.
Paper clay by Creative Paperclay Co.