-15'
'1972-10-03'
'1987-08-15'
date_between(start_date: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int] = '-30y', end_date: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int] = 'today') → datetime.date
Get a Date object based on a random date between two given dates. Accepts date strings that can be recognized by strtotime().
Parameters:
 - start_date – Defaults to 30 years ago
 - end_date – Defaults to "today"
Example:
Date('1999-02-02')
Returns:
Date
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_between()
...
datetime.date(2021, 3, 20)
datetime.date(2005, 8, 4)
datetime.date(2018, 4, 10)
datetime.date(2006, 10, 17)
datetime.date(1993, 11, 11)
date_between_dates(date_start: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int, None] = None, date_end: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int, None] = None) → datetime.date
Takes two Date objects and returns a random date between the two given dates. Accepts Date or datetime objects
Parameters:
 - date_start – Date
 - date_end – Date
Returns:
Date
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_between_dates()
...
datetime.date(2022, 6, 27)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 27)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 27)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 27)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 27)
date_object(end_datetime: datetime.datetime = None) → datetime.date
Get a date object between January 1, 1970 and now :example: datetime.date(2016, 9, 20)
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_object()
...
datetime.date(1996, 3, 20)
datetime.date(2021, 7, 31)
datetime.date(1998, 8, 15)
datetime.date(1972, 10, 3)
datetime.date(1987, 8, 15)
date_of_birth(tzinfo: Optional[datetime.tzinfo] = None, minimum_age: int = 0, maximum_age: int = 115) → datetime.date
Generate a random date of birth represented as a Date object, constrained by optional miminimum_age and maximum_age parameters.
Parameters:
 - tzinfo – Defaults to None.
 - minimum_age – Defaults to 0.
 - maximum_age – Defaults to 115.
Example:
Date('1979-02-02')
Returns:
Date
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_of_birth()
...
datetime.date(2021, 5, 30)
datetime.date(1958, 12, 1)
datetime.date(2009, 8, 23)
datetime.date(1963, 9, 22)
datetime.date(1911, 12, 30)
date_this_century(before_today: bool = True, after_today: bool = False) → datetime.date
Gets a Date object for the current century.
Parameters:
 - before_today – include days in current century before today
 - after_today – include days in current century after today
Example:
Date('2012-04-04')
Returns:
Date
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_this_century()
...
datetime.date(2013, 2, 8)
datetime.date(2014, 4, 23)
datetime.date(2001, 5, 18)
datetime.date(2008, 10, 22)
datetime.date(2017, 5, 24)
date_this_decade(before_today: bool = True, after_today: bool = False) → datetime.date
Gets a Date object for the decade year.
Parameters:
 - before_today – include days in current decade before today
 - after_today – include days in current decade after today
Example:
Date('2012-04-04')
Returns:
Date
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_this_decade()
...
datetime.date(2021, 8, 21)
datetime.date(2021, 10, 15)
datetime.date(2020, 3, 3)
datetime.date(2021, 2, 6)
datetime.date(2022, 3, 5)
date_this_month(before_today: bool = True, after_today: bool = False) → datetime.date
Gets a Date object for the current month.
Parameters:
 - before_today – include days in current month before today
 - after_today – include days in current month after today
Example:
dtdate('2012-04-04')
Returns:
dtdate
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_this_month()
...
datetime.date(2022, 6, 19)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 21)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 2)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 13)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 25)
date_this_year(before_today: bool = True, after_today: bool = False) → datetime.date
Gets a Date object for the current year.
Parameters:
 - before_today – include days in current year before today
 - after_today – include days in current year after today
Example:
Date('2012-04-04')
Returns:
Date
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_this_year()
...
datetime.date(2022, 6, 13)
datetime.date(2022, 3, 16)
datetime.date(2022, 5, 28)
datetime.date(2022, 6, 22)
datetime.date(2022, 3, 23)
date_time(tzinfo: Optional[datetime.tzinfo] = None, end_datetime: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int, None] = None) → datetime.datetime
Get a datetime object for a date between January 1, 1970 and now :param tzinfo: timezone, instance of datetime.tzinfo subclass :example: datetime('2005-08-16 20:39:21') :return: datetime
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_time()
...
datetime.datetime(1996, 3, 20, 7, 46, 39)
datetime.datetime(2021, 7, 31, 1, 24, 38)
datetime.datetime(1998, 8, 15, 8, 43, 22)
datetime.datetime(1972, 10, 3, 5, 52, 26)
datetime.datetime(1987, 8, 15, 9, 51, 25)
date_time_ad(tzinfo: Optional[datetime.tzinfo] = None, end_datetime: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int, None] = None, start_datetime: Union[datetime.date, datetime.datetime, datetime.timedelta, str, int, None] = None) → datetime.datetime
Get a datetime object for a date between January 1, 001 and now :param tzinfo: timezone, instance of datetime.tzinfo subclass :example: datetime('1265-03-22 21:15:52') :return: datetime
Examples:
>>> Faker.seed(0)
>>> for _ in range(5):
... fake.date_time_ad()
...
datetime.datetime(932, 7, 17, 1, 20, 13)
datetime.datetime(2009, 8, 3, 21, 25)
datetime.datetime


text:
WITH 30 years passing since the night Mount Macedon was ravaged by fire, the region is bracing to remember those who died and the emergency crews who helped prevent further tragedy.
The Ash Wednesday fires of February 16, 1983, claimed 75 lives and destroyed more than 3000 homes.
Locally, the fire spread from East Trentham to Mount Macedon, killing seven people, destroying more than 600 homes and buildings, and devastating wildlife and bushland.
Until the Black Saturday bushfires in 2009, they were the deadliest in Australia's history.
Macedon Ranges Shire mayor Roger Jukes said the 30-year anniversary was a time for remembering the people who lost their lives, as well as acknowledging the enormous effort of emergency services personnel and community members who fought hard to restrict the fires spreading further.
"For our community, the legacy that Ash Wednesday and other major bushfires has left is an increased knowledge of what fire can do and acceptance of fire as a natural occurrence," he said.
"We wish to acknowledge those who were affected by these devastating fires and celebrate the community's efforts to work together to recover from this disaster."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Dr. Vijay Gopal Kakani is one of the two recipients of the 2020 Outstanding Agricultural Scientist Award. Dr. Kakani is the Warth and Sarkeys Distinguished Professor of Crops, Energy, and Climate in the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences at Oklahoma State University. He received bachelor's and master's degrees in agronomy from Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University, and a doctoral degree in agriculture from the University of Reading in England. He has research experience across continents, and he integrates agronomy, crop physiology, remote sensing, and crop modeling in his research. He has received numerous national and international recognition for his research excellence.
Most recently, he has been recognized as the Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellow 2020-2021. "He is taking his passion for mentoring back home with this fellowship to inspire many young professionals in India and develop a bridge between the two countries", said Dr. Raja Reddy, Professor in the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences at Mississippi State University. "He will undoubtedly take his passion for research, teaching, and service, and inextinguishable thirst to help the Indian community grow with him throughout his career", Dr. Reddy added.
Prof. Kakani takes a keen interest in training the next generation of agriculture scientists. He teaches Bioenergy, Crop Modeling, and Plant Environment Interactions. He trained more than 35 graduate students as their major advisor or research committee member and 9 postdoctoral and visiting scholars. He has also trained more than 150 undergraduate students on research projects. "Unique characteristics of an outstanding mentor include knowledgeable and respected; compassionate and committed; approachable and available, and critical and supportive – Dr. Kakani represents all these traits", said Dr. Vara Prasad, University Distinguished Professor of Crop Ecophysiology and the Director of the Sustainable Intensification Innovation Laboratory at Kansas State University. "Dr. Kakani's career is a true reflection of the AASIO Outstanding Agricultural Scientist Award", commented Dr. Prasanna Gowda, Associate Area Director of USDA-ARS Southeast Area.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


10 Times Packaging Went Overboard
Whether it's a tiny item in a big box or an insane amount of Bubble Wrap, some retailers take packaging too far.
If you do as much online shopping as we do, you've probably run into over-packaging before. You ordered something small, and it arrived at your house in a box large enough to store your entire wardrobe (with the Bubble Wrap to match). Or you ordered 10 things, and they all came in individual boxes.
Over-packaging isn't just frustrating; it's creating a big problem. Packaging materials make up more than 40% of the solid waste stream in the United States, according to Packaging Digest. Most of that ends up in a landfill.
We all know the drill: reduce, reuse, recycle. But why aren't our favorite online retailers on board? We found 10 examples of ridiculous packaging that prove it's time for retailers to rethink how products are shipped.
memory card packaging
The Nesting SD Card
It started out as an SD card. Then it got shoved into a plastic protective case. Then the plastic protective case got its own plastic clamshell cover. Finally, it shipped to the consumer in a massive box, complete with a seemingly endless roll of wrapping paper. Maybe nesting SD cards are the new collectors' items?
toy set packaging
Maybe Amazon Thought It Was a Real Car?
Our second example appears to be a child's small toy car set. These sets are typically lightweight and come in very small boxes, but the toy was shipped in a box large enough to fit a small car.
Okay, maybe that's an exaggeration. Nevertheless, the box and packing materials are a little much.
packaging for phone
Or Maybe It's Nesting Boxes?
In our next example, we can place the blame squarely on the retailer. This Flickr user ordered a new smartphone. You know, those fancy, streamlined, thin-as-a-piece-of-paper things you can fit in your pocket? The phone was packaged neatly into a tiny box, which was put into a slightly larger box, which was then put into a huge box.
box with SD card
The SD Cards Are Back
Maybe the real lesson here is to never order an SD card online unless you need a huge box for moving. Here's another example of a small, lightweight SD card being shipped in a box that's big enough to almost cover an entire desk.
packaging for ruler
How Many Air Bags Does It Take to Keep a Ruler Safe?
We count 20. A customer ordered a single ruler off of Amazon. The ruler does fit lengthwise in the bottom of the box, and technically the 20 pieces of protective packaging fit, too. We're just not sure they were necessary.
packaging for paring knives
Don't Play With Knives, Kids
Knives should probably be packaged pretty securely — even if they're plastic — but this might be too much. Each paring knife was wrapped in protective cardboard and placed in its own box. Then the three boxes were placed in another even larger box and wrapped with air cushions. Overkill? We think so.
packaging for maple syrup
Sometimes It Isn't the Size of the Box
One of our biggest gripes? Not just getting too large a box, but getting too many shipments. This plastic container of maple syrup was shipped separately from the rest of the order. With plenty of space in that huge box, it looks like the items could have been shipped together.
packaging for socket organizers
Organizing Your Organizers
Maybe Sears knew this customer was pro-organization? The person did buy socket organizers, after all. Perhaps the company was just trying to show off its skills to a fellow enthusiast by packing each organizer neatly in its own box?
box with inflatable packaging
A Tranquil Sea of Bubbles
We're not sure what's going on here. The item is clearly unprotected on one side, but oh-so-protected on the other. In fact, there is so much inflatable packaging perfectly in place, it's almost peaceful to look at. If only all that plastic wasn't going to waste.
packaging for padded envelopes
Padding for Your Padding
How do you ship padded envelopes? With even more padding, of course! This customer's set of padded mailers were placed in a box, wrapped with inflatable packaging, and then placed in another box. If only a padded envelope had a way of protecting itself.
Readers, what examples of ridiculous packaging do you have to share? Let us know in the comments below!
DealNews Contributing Writer
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In the past year, I have had the opposite problem with Amazon's shipments of paperback books. They have been under-protected and as such, I have had to return most, if not all, of them.
I have the name of a merchant who is the perfect example of all of the above. Jet.com, I love you, but your packaging skills need work.
I buy a lot from Ebay when i'm not in a hurry and Ebay sellers know the bigger a package the less profit. SD cards come in envelopes, boxes are filled with product not air.
like the person below me I used to think Prime was the answer. However, I'm starting to see a lot of items change to "add on items" this is a marketing strategy to get consumers to spend more to get stuff to ship. Prime members are not excluded from having to pay $25 or more for it to ship.
I once had to get something for amazon but was just less than a dollar under the free shipping threshold. I searched for something as a filler, I found an item that was perfect. It was some product manual. I expected it to be shipped together. But amazon shipped it separate (why then enforce, with the paper manual in its own box, not an envelope. I kept that box unopened for a long time to be reminded of the waste that comes along with online shopping. Later I got Prime and don't need to worry about fillers.
send extra packaging to texas.


text:
Ad'ihani pentathlon (sometimes quadrathlon) is a multi-discipline winter sport developed in Ad'ihan that is widely practised in both Ad'ihan and Liventia. The sport was first created in Ad'ihan in 2129 and quickly became popular in present-day Liventia, which sees more winter weather and had more winter sports facilities than its then-island territory. It is sometimes referred to as a "winter pentathlon", although there are different variations on the disciplines which make up a winter pentathlon.
Ad'ihani pentathlon consists of five disciplines, two of which are combined into a single discipline thus leading to the sport also being called a quadrathlon. The five disciplines are alpine skiing, ski jumping (for men)/skeleton (for women), speed skating, cross-country skiing and shooting, with the latter two being component disciplines of biathlon.
The alpine skiing discipline has always been run as a downhill event and ski jumping has traditionally taken place on the normal hill. The distance of the speed skating race is always 1000 metres, regardless of gender, while the biathlon race is always held at sprint distance, meaning 7.5 km for women and 10 km for men. Records are not kept in the sport as the layouts of alpine skiing, skeleton and biathlon courses change from location to location, although the Ad'ihani Pentathlon Sport Union (APSU) recognises location records. Where there is no biathlon shooting range available, the APSU allows for that discipline to be contested in its component parts as a 10 km (for men) or 7.5 km (for women) cross-country skiing race with a separate shooting event held at an indoor range, with time penalties added to the cross-country timing for missed shots.
The quadrathlon/pentathlon operates a points system as in heptathlon or decathlon, rather than a combined time system as in triathlon or a points system equalised prior to the final event as in modern pentathlon. Similar to heptathlon or decathlon, the points system follows the formula Pts = a × (b - T)c, where T is the timed performance in seconds (for downhill, biathlon, speed skating and skeleton) and Pts = a × (S − b)c where S is the score the athlete has received for his ski jump. Where an athlete fails to start, fails to finish or is disqualified from an event, he or she receives no points for it. However, for the inaugural Ad'ihani Pentathlon World Series, the APSU trialled a new scoring system awarding points equal to exactly half (rounded down to the nearest full point) of the last finisher for any contestant failing to finish or disqualified from an event.
|Men's alpine skiing downhill||0.144||270||1.81|
|Men's biathlon sprint||0.007631||3350||1.583|
|Men's ski jumping normal hill||71.85||40||0.6|
|Men's speed skating 1000 metres||0.22||180||1.827|
|Women's alpine skiing downhill||0.144||260||1.81|
|Women's biathlon sprint||0.00812||2900||1.595|
|Women's skeleton single run||0.493||126||1.79|
|Women's speed skating 1000 metres||0.19||200||1.82|
For comparison, the bronze medal-winning and last-placed performances at the component events in the Fifth Winter Olympics would have earned:
|Event||Fifth Winter Olympics performance|
|Bronze medal||Last finisher||Difference|
|Men's alpine skiing downhill||1413 pts||1235 pts||12.6%|
|Men's biathlon sprint||1027 pts||700 pts||31.8%|
|Men's ski jumping normal hill||1055 pts||681 pts||35.5%|
|Men's speed skating 1000 metres||1199 pts||1134 pts||5.4%|
|Men's total||4694 pts||3750 pts||20.1%|
|Women's alpine skiing downhill||1151 pts||982 pts||14.7%|
|Women's biathlon sprint||984 pts||437 pts||55.6%|
|Women's skeleton||895 pts||827 pts||7.6%|
|Women's speed skating 1000 metres||1223 pts||1131 pts||7.5%|
|Women's total||4253 pts||3377 pts||20.6%|
Competition in Ad'ihan and Liventia
Due to uncommon winter weather in Ad'ihan, a national championship is only organised locally if a prolonged period of snow is expected. The Ad'ihani national championship is usually run in conjunction with the Liventian national championship in Liventia, with entrants from both countries in the same event being eligible for their respective national titles.
There are two major Ad'ihani pentathlon competitions each year held in Liventia (where it was for a time known as "Outer Islands quadrathlon" during increased Ad'ihani–Liventian inflammatory rhetoric): the National Championship every January and the APSU World Open every November. A short professional season is also held from November through January, opened by the APSU World Open and concluding with the two national championships.
The Comité national olympique pour les îles ad'ihanaises proposed that Ad'ihani pentathlon be a demonstration sport at the Sixth Winter Olympics in Ashton, Krytenia, with the backing of the Liventia Olympic Association and five other Olympic committees including the host committee. The sport was approved as a demonstration event as winter pentathlon, with events held for both men and women. Kitomi Hamazuki, a Japanese Liventian who also competes on the domestic Liventian and Ad'ihani circuit, won the women's event by a margin of 41 points with 4105 points. Sorthern Northland's Arnaldur Þorbjarnarson won the men's event by a far smaller margin of just five points, totalling 4082 points.


PTA stands for parent-teacher association. Based at a local school, each PTA chapter is affiliated with the National PTA and, often, a state PTA. Members pay dues, some of which go to the national and state-level organizations. In return, individual school units receive resource materials, training, and other services. A PTA is a type of parent organization.


Visualization of three-way comparisons of omics data
Richard Baran, Martin Robert, Makoto Suematsu, Tomoyoshi Soga, Masaru Tomita
研究成果: Article査読
8 被引用数 (Scopus)
抄録
Background: Density plot visualizations (also referred to as heat maps or color maps) are widely used in different fields including large-scale omics studies in biological sciences. However, the current color-codings limit the visualizations to single datasets or pairwise comparisons. Results: We propose a color-coding approach for the representation of three-way comparisons. The approach is based on the HSB (hue, saturation, brightness) color model. The three compared values are assigned specific hue values from the circular hue range (e.g. red, green, and blue). The hue value representing the three-way comparison is calculated according to the distribution of three compared values. If two of the values are identical and one is different, the resulting hue is set to the characteristic hue of the differing value. If all three compared values are different, the resulting hue is selected from a color gradient running between the hues of the two most distant values (as measured by the absolute value of their difference) according to the relative position of the third value between the two. The saturation of the color representing the three-way comparison reflects the amplitude (or extent) of the numerical difference between the two most distant values according to a scale of interest. The brightness is set to a maximum value by default but can be used to encode additional information about the three-way comparison. Conclusion: We propose a novel color-coding approach for intuitive visualization of three-way comparisons of omics data.
本文言語English
論文番号72
ジャーナルBMC bioinformatics
8
DOI
出版ステータスPublished - 2007 3 5
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Structural Biology
 - Biochemistry
 - Molecular Biology
 - Computer Science Applications
 - Applied Mathematics
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引用スタイル


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Student Funding Board
Harvard Law School
The task of the Student Funding Board is to distribute funding among student organizations with widely divergent aims and interests. Each year HLS organizations collectively request nearly twice as much funding as is available. This year – with the economy in its current state, and with more student organizations and the same amount in the overall budget – the task will be particularly difficult. While the specific balance of funding priorities changes each year depending upon the membership of the SFB, the key considerations remain largely constant. These guidelines are issued to make the funding process more transparent.
The SFB encourages organizations to work together on similar projects and to ensure that a wide range of activities and organizations are funded; organizations and events that overlap significantly are funded on the assumption that they will co-sponsor some events. The SFB attempts to fund diverse views and student populations to ensure that the HLS is a welcoming and interesting community. Organization size is also a significant consideration for funding determinations to ensure that various populations and interest groups have adequate funds given the size of their constituencies. The SFB believes that open membership policies encourage campus involvement and dialogue; exclusive and limited membership policies are viewed unfavorably.
Funding Principles
In evaluating allocation requests, the Student Funding Board shall consider the following principles. Although none are requirements, the Board shall look positively upon requesting organizations that advance these principles.
Diversity and Inclusion
Actively promotes diversity and inclusion on campus and beyond through its activities and policies.
Community Service
Participates in community service and volunteer work.
Skill Acquisition
Develops lasting skills for participants and members, including, but not limited to, advocacy, writing, speaking, or negotiating. Ideal skill acquisition involves actively applying skills, rather than passively absorbing knowledge or activities primarily for recreation.
Accessibility to Students
Proactively works to ensure that its activities are open and accessible to all students, and that they are well publicized to the entire law school community.
Responsible Fund Management
Has demonstrated the responsible management of its funds from past years, has robust fund management practices in place, and has demonstrated rigorous planning for its activities.
Alternative Funding Sources
Has sought and received alternative sources of funding to support itself. Alternative sources of funding are looked more favorably upon if they are used to support the organization's activities rather than held in reserve.
Has a demonstrable track record of collaboration for its activities in the past, and has concrete plans or secured agreements to collaborate for future activities.
Evidence of Effectiveness
Collects and implements evidence that its activities are effective. Evidence can include, but is not limited to, levels of attendance, feedback from participants, or frugality of purchases.


cout< ctr++;
 Count(num);
 }
 }
 void main()
 {
 Count(ctr);
 return;
 }
 The static integer 'ctr' means that 'ctr' is declared once (the first time the function is called), but its value is used by subsequent calls to the function. It is like a global variable which only Count can see. As you can see, we only call Count once. It keeps on calling itself until a certain condition is met (in our case, when 'ctr' reaches the value of 'num'). So, when we, the programmer, call Count for the first time, we have to set it up. We give it a condition to meet, in our case the number 10. If we wanted it to count to 20, we would pass '20' to Count when we call it. Right, let's summarise that:
 The programmer only calls a recursive function once. The first call (made by the programmer) tends to 'initialise' the function, telling it what to do and what conditions are needed to stop calling itself.
 Well, I'm glad that's out the way. On with our code. Now, let's look at the function CreateNode. As the name suggests, this creates nodes. If only it were that simple :) As this function is recursive, not only does it 'create a node', but by calling itself, it creates the whole quadtree! We only need to call the function CreateNode once, and it does all the hard work. The format for CreateNode is as follows:
 void CreateNode(unsigned int Bounding[4],unsigned int ParentID,
 unsigned int NodeID)
 This function returns nothing. Nil. Void. If you want, you could make it return something like a BOOL for error checking, but for this tutorial, I know the code works, so we'll leave it as 'void' ;). CreateNode takes 3 parameters. The first is the bounding coordinate for the node. These bounding coordinates are index values for the grid/terrain. They are in the following order. Top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right. The next value is the ID (index) for the node's parent. Last, but by no means least, is the ID (index) for the node. As I said above, when we, the programmer, call CreateNode, we need to initialise it. As the first node is the 'root', we need to set the parameters for the root. The bounding coordinates for the root are that of the whole terrain. In our case, they would be as follows: (0,0,0) (16,0,0) (0,0,16) (16,0,16). The only problem with that is that we just blurted some vertex data. Bounding[4] uses vertex indexes, so we need to find the indexes for the terrain. Put that calculator away, as I have done the work for you:
 In a 2D array extending in the x/z plane with height values of '0' (i.e. our grid), to find the top left, we use the following equation:
 quadcode2.gif
 Wow, that'll get your head scratching. Don't get too cocky, as that was the easy bit. To find the top-right, we use the following equation:
 quadcode3.gif
 Easy, easy... Now let's try the bottom-left:
 quadcode4.gif
 And now the bottom-right:
 quadcode5.gif
 The mathematics isn't hard, but if you're having trouble understanding it, then just plot a grid on some paper (or better yet, squared paper), and step through it. Now we're ready to call CreateNode:
 unsigned int uiBoundingCoordinates[] =
 {0,GridWidth,(GridHeight*(GridWidth+1)),
 ((GridHeight)*(GridWidth+1))+GridWidth};
 CreateNode(uiBoundingCoordinates,0,0);
 What we have done is set up the root node. The root node has the bounding box described above, no parent (so a parent ID of 0), and its ID is 0, i.e. the first element in our quadtree array. We are now prepared to walk through the CreateNode code.
 void CreateNode(unsigned int Bounding[4],unsigned int ParentID,
 unsigned int NodeID)
 {
 static unsigned int TotalTreeID = 0;
 unsigned int uiNodeType;
 unsigned int uiWidth,uiHeight;
 Ok, the static unsigned int 'TotalTreeID' holds the current number of nodes. We use this later on to assign the nodes children their IDs. The unsigned int uiNodeType holds the node's type, either a leaf (LEAF_TYPE) or a node (NODE_TYPE). The unsigned ints uiWidth and uiHeight will hold the width and height of the node. As we are passed just bounding coordinates, we don't actually know the dimensions of the node. We use the uiWidth and uiHeight to tell whether the node is a leaf or node. Now we need to get the width and height from the bounding coordinates:
 uiWidth = fVerts[(Bounding[1]*3)] - fVerts[(Bounding[0]*3)];
 uiHeight = fVerts[(Bounding[2]*3)+2] - fVerts[(Bounding[0]*3)+2];
 This assumes fVerts is an array containing a list of vertices, which build up our grid. As a vertex contains 3 parts, x, y and z, each vertex in the array will occupy 3 elements. Normally, if we have an index of value 3, it would point to the third element. But... as each vertex occupies 3 elements, and index of 3 would point to the third element, i.e. Vertex 0's Z component.
 quadfig14.gif
 Figure 14
 As you can see, an index of 0 points to element[0]. Element [0] is Vertex 0's X component. Element 3 is Vertex 1's X component. This is all very nice, but our indices are wrong, right? Surely if Bounding[0] was '3', it wouldn't point to the third vertex, but the second vertex's X component? Well, we multiply the index by 3 for the vertex's X component, add 1 for the Y component, and add one more for the Z component. so, if we have an index of 3, it's supposed to point to vertex 3. Ok, 3*3 is 9, and the ninth element is vertex 3's x component. So, if we wanted index 3's z component, we would do (3*3)+2, which gives us element 11, vertex 3's Z component! To find the width of the node, we subtract the top-left vertex's X component (remember, x values in our grid go across, so they represent width) from the top-right vertex's X component. And to find the height, we subtract the top-left vertex's Z component (when we say 'height', we mean the depth, but we call it 'height' to make it easier to picture as a 2D grid) from the bottom-left vertex's Z component.
 Now, we said that our leaves are 4x4 triangles. This implies that leaves are 4 triangles wide. As we know the width of the node (stored in uiWidth), if we divide the width by 2 and get a result of 2, then the width is 4, and hence our node is a leaf.
 if(0.5*uiWidth==2)
 {
 uiNodeType = LEAF_TYPE;
 }
 else
 {
 uiNodeType = NODE_TYPE;
 }
 Notice that multiplying by 0.5 is the same as dividing by two. Next, we want a pointer to our node. The reason for this is to save me getting RSI from typing the same thing about 50 times. So, pNodeList contains all our nodes, we just need to select our node:
 NODE *pNode = &pNodeList[NodeID];
 All this means is that instead of doing stuff with our node like so:
 pNodeList[NodeID].uID = Whatever;We can simply do this:
 pNode->uiID = Whatever;The next bit just fills our node with values we have already discussed.
 pNode->uiID = NodeID;
 pNode->uiParentID = ParentID;
 pNode->vBoundingCoordinates[0].x = fVerts[(Bounding[0]*3)];
 pNode->vBoundingCoordinates[0].y = fVerts[(Bounding[0]*3)+1];
 pNode->vBoundingCoordinates[0].z = fVerts[(Bounding[0]


text:
After bereavement people can feel afraid of opening up about their grief to others. Fear of becoming overwhelmed by feelings in front of friends and family can lead the bereaved to avoid social contact altogether.
Researchers investigating the effect of social disconnection on psychological health after bereavement have developed a new scale to measure the phenomenon. They used the scale to measure social disconnection after bereavement in 676 recently bereaved participants who responded to an online survey. A second group of 275 people took part in the study and were followed up 6 and 12 months after their bereavement.
Specifically the findings showed that individuals who report being socially disconnected are more psychologically distressed in the first 6 months of loss. Similarly being more connected socially predicted better mental health.
Dr Kirsten Smith, lead author on the paper, adds:
'As a nation we are currently experiencing unprecedented amounts of loss in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study speaks to the need to reach out to those who may have suffered a bereavement.'
Dr Smith relates the research findings to the stiff upper lip attitude that we often see in western societies and the idea that keeping our grief hidden is part of surviving. In fact evidence shows that pushing emotions away results in a rebound effect which is more likely to result in problems.
The new research clearly points to the importance of emotional connectedness following a loss. So what can we do in practical terms to support the bereaved? Dr Smith suggests staying in regular contact with bereaved family and friends. She urges 'Let them know you care, keep checking in even if they don't feel ready to talk yet. Even though physical distance is currently a necessity emotional distance doesn't need to be.'
The paper was published in Clinical Psychological Science.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The deep red fruit produced by Organic Stella Cherry Trees is so popular it's stocked in the fruit sections of many of the major supermarkets in the UK - but we're pretty sure the taste of this juicy dessert cherry doesn't compare with your own home grown Stella fruits!
Organic Stella cherry trees are self fertile and will flourish in a sunny location and as these bare-rooted, maiden trees are grown on the semi dwarfing Gisela 5 rootstock, they'll produce more than manageable bush trees and are ready-made for fan training along a south facing wall or fence. You can expect to pick the delicious, dark red cherries in late July and don't forget to prune the trees shortly afterwards to avoid the unwanted spread of the silverleaf disease. Using Fruit Tree Sleeves on your organic Stella cherries will protect the fruits from birds, meaning more of these garden gastronomic treats for you and your kitchen!
Organic Stella Cherry Trees are despatched in bare-root form between November and March.
- Organic Stella Cherry Trees supplied in semi dwarfing and vigorous form
- Trees grown on Gisela 5 rootstock reach 2.5-3.5m (8' - 12')
- Raised on Soil Association certified and DEFRA inspected specialist nursery
- Heavy and reliable cropper
- Fruit in 2-3 years
- Net to protect crop from birds
- Suitable for growing as a bush tree or training as a fan as well
- Pollination group D but self fertile
- Popular dessert variety - pick from late July
- Prune in summer after harvesting fruit to avoid silverleaf
- Fruit is large in size and coloured dark red
- Produces sweet and juicy cherries
- Supplied with siting, planting and training leaflet
- Comes in maiden form for easy training and pruning
- See our Guide to Successful Fruit Trees for more growing advice
Delivery - delivery of your fruit trees is £9.95 to most parts of the UK. Unfortunately fruit trees are unable to be delivered to Northern Ireland and Eire. Customers in the Scottish highlands and islands should e-mail our Customer Services Department or telephone on 0333 _PHONE_ (local rate) for a quotation.
Planting and Delivery Information
Planting - do not attempt to plant your fruit trees when the ground is frozen or waterlogged. The trees can be stored in their packaging in an outbuilding or garage for 2-3 days, or can be heeled into the soil where the ground is not as frozen. Alternatively, plant up in large pots or containers and ensure the roots have good contact with the soil.
Delivery - delivery of your fruit trees is £9.95 to most parts of the UK. Unfortunately fruit trees are unable to be delivered to Northern Ireland and Eire. Customers in the Scottish highlands and islands should e-mail our Customer Services Department or telephone on 0333 _PHONE_ for a quotation.
Cultural and Growing Advice


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You Tell the Story
Can you create a story that would describe the movement of the man shown on these graphs? Use the interactivity to try out our ideas.
Take Your Dog for a Walk
Congratulations to those of you who correctly answered this problem. Holly from Stoke by Nayland Middle School sent in this solution:
If the man gets closer to his house then the graph line gets lower and lower.
The slower the man walks the more curvy the line gets, if the man goes away from the house really slowly and then really slowly towards the house then you can make a curvy line.
To make it steeper you have to make him go faster and then when you are on the bend you stay still for a bit to make it smoother.
Dominic gives a concise answer:
To curve steeper you would have to walk faster and to curve shallower you would have to walk slower.


text:
pretag syntax-highlighted with a light theme, in order to differentiate between the two in a clear manner.
Screenshots can work well when done right, even when displaying text; like code-snippets. Adept them, have arrows with additional explaining text next to it. Craft them well and you can get something like this which gets it's point across in an hands-on manner: considering this complicated matter.
Combining a colorscheme's dark– and light version
But even when working with screenshots of code-snippets, one can mix it up with plain text in
This line tells [npm](_URL_) to install both 'gulp' and 'gulp-sass' packages as development dependencies. You can now find them in the 'devDependencies' object of your 'package.json'. And the 'Gulpfile.js':
$ npm install gulp gulp-sass --save-dev
var gulp = require('gulp'); var sass = require('gulp-sass');
This is not difficult to achieve with Prism syntax-hightlighter combined with Sass-variables for colors.
This article was also published on Codepen


text:
Clare County Library
Library Catalogue | Foto:
Clare Photo Collection | Search
this Website | Copyright
Scattery Island, lying at the mouth of the River Shannon near Kilrush, in south west Clare, has a rich and unusual history. It has been an ecclesiastical centre since early times A monastery, reputedly founded there by St Senan in the sixth century, suffered under the Vikings in the ninth and tenth centuries and was largely destroyed in Tudor times. Scattery has also served as a place of safe harbour for the Spanish Armada and as a defense outpost for the English government. The island has been uninhabited since 1978.
County Library wishes to thank Clare
Local Studies Project for preparation of raw text for this publication.


text:
What does CNP mean in Physiology?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand CNP in the Medical field in general and in the Physiology terminology in particular.
Find a translation for CNP in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this CNP abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
CNP also stands for:
- Caisse Nationale de Prévoyance
- California Natural Products
- Card Not Present
- Center for National Policy
- Center on Nonprofits and Philanthropy
... and 23 more »


Swan song
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Swan song (disambiguation).
"The singing swan" (1655) by Reinier van Persijn.
The swan song (in ancient Greek: κύκνειον ᾆσμα) is a metaphorical phrase for a final gesture, effort, or performance given just before death or retirement. The phrase refers to an ancient belief that swans (Cygnus spp.) sing a beautiful song in the moment just before death, having been silent (or alternatively, not so musical) during most of their lifetime. This belief, whose basis in actuality is long-debated, had become proverbial in Ancient Greece by the 3rd century BC, and was reiterated many times in later Western poetry and art.
Origin and description[edit]
In Greek mythology, the swan was a bird consecrated to Apollo, and it was therefore considered a symbol of harmony and beauty and its limited capabilities as a singer were sublimated to those of songbirds.
Aesop's fable of "The Swan Mistaken for a Goose" incorporates the swan song legend thus: "The swan, who had been caught by mistake instead of the goose, began to sing as a prelude to its own demise. His voice was recognized and the song saved his life."[1] There is a subsequent reference in Aeschylus' Agamemnon from 458 BC. In that play, Clytemnestra compares the dead Cassandra to a swan who has "sung her last final lament". Plato's Phaedo records Socrates saying that, although swans sing in early life, they do not do so as beautifully as before they die. Aristotle also noted that swans "are musical, and sing chiefly at the approach of death". By the third century BC the belief had become a proverb.[2][3]
Ovid mentions it in "The Story of Picus and Canens": "There, she poured out her words of grief, tearfully, in faint tones, in harmony with sadness, just as the swan sings once, in dying, its own funeral song."[4] The swan was also described as a singer in the works of the poets Virgil and Martial.[citation needed]
The most familiar European swan, the Mute Swan (Cygnus olor), although not actually mute, is neither known for musicality nor to vocalize as it dies. This has led some to criticize swan song beliefs since antiquity, one of the earliest[5] being Pliny the Elder: in 77 AD, Natural History (book 10, chapter xxxii: olorum morte narratur flebilis cantus, falso, ut arbitror, aliquot experimentis), states: "observation shows that the story that the dying swan sings is false." Peterson et al. note that Cygnus olor is "not mute but lacks bugling call, merely honking, grunting, and hissing on occasion."[6]
However, the Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus), a winter visitor to parts of the eastern Mediterranean, does possess a 'bugling' call, and has been noted for issuing a drawn-out series of notes as its lungs collapse upon expiry, both being a consequence of an additional tracheal loop within its sternum. This was proposed by naturalist Peter Pallas as the basis for the legend. Both mute and whooper swans appear to be represented in ancient Greek and Egyptian art.[3][5]
The Whooper Swan's nearest relatives, the Trumpeter and Tundra Swans, share its musical tracheal loop. Zoologist D.G. Elliot reported in 1898 that a tundra swan he had shot and wounded in flight began a long glide down whilst issuing a series of "plaintive and musical" notes that "sounded at times like the soft running of the notes of an octave".[7]
Post-classical cultural references[edit]
Chaucer wrote of "The Ialous swan, ayens his deth that singeth."[8] Leonardo da Vinci noted "The swan is white without spot, and it sings sweetly as it dies, that song ending its life."[9]
In Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, Portia exclaims "Let music sound while he doth make his choice; Then, if he lose, he makes a swan-like end, Fading in music."[10]
The well-known Orlando Gibbons madrigal "The Silver Swan" states the legend thus:
"The Swan Song" ("Schwanengesang") is the nickname of the 1733 Baroque Concerto written by Georg Philipp Telemann: Concerto in D minor for oboe, strings and continuo.[11] The concerto of Telemann begins with a sad part (adagio) later a glad part (allegro), the singing of the swan itself, another sad part (death), and finally a hopeful end.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the English phrase "swan song" or "swan-song" borrows from the German schwanen(ge)sang or schwanenlied.[12] The Scottish cleric John Willison, in one of his Scripture Sermons, 1747, proposes a verse from Psalm 48 as a "swan-song" for the faithful.[13]
Samuel Taylor Coleridge made comic use of the legend when he quipped ironically:
Tennyson's poem "The Dying Swan"[14] is a poetic evocation of the beauty of the supposed song and so full of detail as to imply that he had actually heard it:
Tennyson's poem was an inspiration for the ballet The Dying Swan created for Anna Pavlova in 1905, to the music Le cygne from The Carnival of the Animals by the French composer Camille Saint-Saëns.
Finnish composer Jean Sibelius's tone poem The Swan of Tuonela, in a famous solo, uses a cor anglais to play the dying song of the legendary swan of Tuonela.
In Carmina Burana by Carl Orff, there is a tenor solo called Olim Lacus Colueram about a swan who laments his end and looks back at his glorious days by the lake.
In his song '3005' rapper Childish Gambino references it with the line "And when I'm long gone, whole crew sing a swan song"
The season finale of Season 5 of the show Supernatural the episode is titled Swan Song. It refers to Sam Winchester's last act of averting the apocalypse, by jumping into the cage with Lucifer to save the world.
By extension, "swan song" has become an idiom referring to a final theatrical or dramatic appearance, or any final work or accomplishment.[15] It generally carries the connotation that the performer is aware that this is the last performance of his or her lifetime, and is expending everything in one magnificent final effort.[original research?]
 1. ^ Aesop (1998). The Complete Fables. Penguin Classics. ISBN 0-14-044649-4. p. 127. Annotation by Robert and Olivia Temple: "The premise of this fable is the odd tradition of 'the swan song.'" (Online version)
 2. ^ Arnott, W. Geoffrey (October 1977). "Swan Songs". Greece & Rome 24 (2): 149–153. JSTOR 642700.
 3. ^ a b Brazil, Mark (2003). The Whooper Swan. T & A D Poyser. ISBN 978-0-7136-6570-3. pp. 64-65. (Online version)
 4. ^ Ovid. "Metamorphoses (Kline) 14, the Ovid Collection, Univ. of Virginia E-Text Center; Bk XIV:320–396: The transformation of Picus". University of Virginia.
 5. ^ a b Arnott, W. Geoffrey (2007). Birds in the Ancient World from A to Z. Routledge. ISBN 0-203-94662-6. pp. 182-184. (Online version)
 6. ^ Peterson, Roger Tory, Guy Mountfort, P. A. D. Hollum, P. A. D. Hollom (2001). A Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe. Houghton Mifflin Field Guides. ISBN 0-618-16675-0. , p. 49
 7. ^ Johnsgard, Paul A. (January 2013). "The Swans of Nebraska". Prairie Fire (USA). Retrieved 21 January 2013.
 8. ^ Skeat, Walter W. (1896). Chaucer: the Minor Poems. Clarendon Press. , p. 86 (Online version)
 9. ^ da Vinci, Leonardo. The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci, Complete. Google. ([1])
 10. ^ The Merchant of Venice, Act 3 Scene 2
 11. ^ _URL_
 12. ^ "swan, n.". Oxford English Dictionary. June 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2013.


text:
HistorianDied when: 66 years 276 days (801 months)
Star Sign: Capricorn
Stephen Edward Ambrose (January 10, 1936 – October 13, 2002) was an American historian and biographer of U.S.Presidents Dwight D.Eisenhower and Richard Nixon.
He was a longtime professor of history at the University of New Orleans and the author of many bestselling volumes of American popular history.
There have been numerous well documented allegations of plagiarism, inaccuracies, and sloppiness in Ambrose's writings in addition to claims that he has made about his works.
However, in a review of To America: Personal Reflections of an Historian for the New York Times, high school teacher William Everdell credited the historian with reaching "an important lay audience without endorsing its every prejudice."


text: This paper presents a numerical investigation of the hydrodynamic performance of a modified sandglass-type FPSO (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading) with different geometrical parameters. The influence of the roll damping plate on heave and pitch motions of the FPSO was studied in regular waves. To estimate the hydrodynamic performance and utilize the results on the design stage of the FPSO, the boundary element method (BEM) was used. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic performance of two cylindrical and sandglass-type FPSOs under the same conditions was compared in different waves. Five sandglass-type FPSOs with dissimilar inclination angles were utilized with the constant draft. The effects of different inclination angles, including various radii of water-plane part of the floating object on hydrodynamic responses and wave forces applied to the FPSO, were investigated, and presented here. Numerical results were compared against published experimental data of a sandglass-type model, and good agreement was achieved. Based on the simulation results, a conclusion that a sandglass-type FPSO with the inclination angle of 35 degrees proposes proper hydrodynamic performance in both heave and pitch motions for all ranges of wave frequencies was reached. In addition, as it was predicted, the effect of heading sea on a sandglass-type FPSO was significant compared to other wave directions. Finally, by adding a damper plate to the floor of the platform, its hydrodynamic performance is improved. For numerical analysis of the modified FPSO, three different damper sizes are used to investigate its effect on the reduction of the pitch motion amplitude in waves.


text:
- If you laid all tarpaulins that have been distributed by Shelter Cluster agencies end on end, they'd reach from New York City to Mexico City, Madrid to Moscow, Bangkok to Beijing or Nairobi to Cairo.
- The earthquake created approximately 19 million cubic meters (25 million cubic yards) of debris that have to be removed. It would take someone in a standard pick up truck more than 8 million trips to a waste facility to move this amount of debris. The majority of Haitians are removing the debris from their plots by hand.
- 19 million cubic meters of debris placed in a building 33 metres by 33 metres (100 x 100 feet) would reach 21 kilometres (13 miles) into the sky. In comparison: Mount Everest is 8,848 metres (29,029 feet) high.
- Over 18 months, Shelter Cluster agencies are planning to build approximately 125,000 transitional shelters. These will provide safe places to live for approximately 625,000 people. This is slightly more than the number of people living in the city of Las Vegas.
- Shelter Cluster agencies are planning to build enough transitional shelters for 55,000 people per month. This equals the population of Cheyenne, WY, USA; Schweinfurt, Germany; Hereford, UK; Limerick, Ireland; Roskilde, Denmark or Katras, India.


The beauty of cosmic education
Painting by Anna Lorenz
I am always looking for new challenges, for both my class and myself. This is an idea that worked out just the way I hoped it would…I am proud to present our English spoken digital book: The life of Nelson Mandela in 31 paintings.
It was great to all work together on this project. The integration of history, human rights, culture, arts, English and ICT, makes this project a good example of the endless possibilities of our beautiful cosmic education.
Based on the book Madiba by Angela Machiel-Guépin, the children painted an important moment of Mandela's life. I took photos and uploaded them to the app Explain Everything. Then the children could record their own voice, reading the supporting English text of the painting. Some children were appointed 'pronunciation coach' and helped others practise their lines.
One can make a digital (art) book on any subject. The beauty of a biography however, is that each child is responsible for his/her own part, but every part (child) is needed to make the book (the life story) complete.
The result is wonderful and I am very proud of my class!
Enjoy The life of Nelson Mandela in 31 paintings.
Paintings (acrylic) and voice-over by the children of _USER_ (9-11 year-olds).
2 suggeties bij "The beauty of cosmic education
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text:
As part of the activities commemorating the 30th jubilee of the foundation of the Army, members of the Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) and its subordinate units participated in an fitness-recreational march on Mountain Slavej.
During the march activity participants visited the commemorative monument at the site where 1st regular military unit of the National Liberation Army of Macedonia, battalion 'Mirche Acev', was formed. To honor it, the Army celebrates the date as The Day of the Army.
March participants had the opportunity to attend a lesson in history on forming and activities of the battalion 'Mirche Acev'. Historical and cultural values which are considered national heritage were presented. The history lesson was given by a curator from the Association of Army Veterans from the city of Ohrid.


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39-9031 Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors
Instruct or coach groups or individuals in exercise activities. Demonstrate techniques and form, observe participants, and explain to them corrective measures necessary to improve their skills. Excludes teachers classified in 25-0000 Education, Training, and Library Occupations. Excludes Coaches and Scouts (27-2022) and Athletic Trainers (29-9091).


Arthur Pequegnat Canadian Time wall clock
Pequegnat wall clock
Canadian Time clock by Arthur Pequegnat
The Canadian Time clock was made by the Arthur Pequegnat Clock company. The Arthur Pequegnat Clock Company (1904–1941) is notable as the longest lasting Canadian-based clock manufacturer.
My particular clock was made after 1917 and was made in Kitchener, Ontario (Canada). Clocks made before 1917 were inscribed "Berlin" on the dial face. Kitchener was known as Berlin prior to and during the first World War. It was the town of Berlin from 1854 until 1912 and the City of Berlin from 1912 until 1916. Because the name Berlin was associated with the war against Germany the decision was made to change the name to Kitchener midway through the First World War. Kitchener is the present seat of the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario.
Label affixed to back of clock
Unfortunately, the precise year that my clock was manufactured is unknown, however the Canadian Time series was made right up to 1941. By 1941, the demands of World War II armament makers for brass, the essential ingredient in clock movements, pressed the Arthur Pequegnat company to stop production. If my clock was made in 1941, it's age would be 72 years. There are no actual markings on the movement indicating the year it was made.
Checking on condition of the clock
It has Arabic numbers as most were ordered with Roman Numerals. Being a railway clock Arabic numbers would have made it easier to read by common folk in a train station. One could order the clock from the manufacturer with either Arabic or Roman numerals. In addition one could also order a time / strike / calendar version of this clock.
Crossed horseshoes
On prominent display in my home
I have seen only one other clock with the cross horseshoes that you can see in one of the photos so they were likely added after the clock was made.
I am trying to locate a photo of the clock while it was hanging in the Pictou, Nova Scotia train station prior to the station's decommissioning in the early 1990s. If I can locate a photograph it would help me date the clock more accurately.
The clock is quite large measuring 37 inches high, 5 inches deep and 15 inches across and made of quarter-sawn oak that results in boards with the annual rings mostly perpendicular to the face yielding greater stability with less warping.
The Canadian Time clock is a reasonably accurate clock and is indeed a testament to the quality and care that went into the crafting of this fine timepiece.
2 thoughts on "Arthur Pequegnat Canadian Time wall clock
 1. I have the exact same clock. yours is the only other I've seen with Arabic numerals. I always thought it was a school clock for some reason.
 1. Thanks for your email. They were found in offices, schools and rail stations and kept excellent time for a spring driven clock. In fact, they were most commonly used as an office clock. I don't see many with Arabic numerals either but you could order one or the other from the factory at that time.
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Definition of Radiopaque
Reviewed on 3/29/2021
Radiopaque: Opaque to one or another form of radiation, such as X-rays. Radiopaque objects block radiation rather than allow it to pass through. Metal, for instance, is radiopaque, so metal objects that a patient may have swallowed are visible on X-rays. Radiopaque dyes are used in radiology to enhance X-ray pictures of internal anatomic structures. The opposite of radiopaque is radiolucent.
What causes tooth decay? See Answer
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The Free and Open Productivity Suite
Apache OpenOffice 4.1.2 released
Definition of a Directory
The keyword for a directory definition is Directory. A global ID of a directory should begin with gid_Dir. Directories have to be assigned to modules in the definition block of the module. If a directory is not assigned to any module, it is automatically assigned to the root module by the scplinker. A typical definition of a directory in the scp projects looks like:
Directory gid_Dir_Autotext
ParentID = gid_Dir_Share;
DosName = "autotext";
Directory gid_Dir_Share_Autocorr
ParentID = gid_Dir_Share;
DosName = "autocorr";
Styles = (CREATE);
As you can see, the definition of a directory is very simple. A directory has a name (DosName) and a parent. Every directory has a parent, resulting in a directory tree. For the most directories, the ParentID is a global ID, which is defined in the script before. Some directories of course have to be defined by the setup. The most important is the directory:
which is for example used in the definition:
Directory gid_Dir_Program
DosName = "program";
The directory program is created below the Office installation root. And this is described by the PREDEFINED_PROGDIR, which has to be found by the setup. By the way, the PREDEFINED_PROGDIR is defined by the user, during the installation process.
Further predefined directories are:
PREDEFINED_HOMEDIR : The user's home directory
PREDEFINED_CONFIGDIR: The system's configuration directory
PREDEFINED_OSSHELLNEWDIR: The shellnew directory for Windows
PREDEFINED_OSSYSTEMFONTDIR: The system font directory
A directory is created, if it is necessary to create it. This means: For example we take a file gid_File_A, that belongs to gid_Module_B, and has to be installed into directory gid_Dir_C. If the module is selected in the user defined installation, the file has to be installed. Then it is necessary for the setup, to create the directory gid_Dir_C. If the module is not selected, the file has not to be installed and, if there is no other file in gid_Dir_C, this gid_Dir_C must no be created.
Some directories have to be created empty. As in the example above the directory gid_Dir_Share_Autocorr has the flag CREATE. This flag means, that the directory shall be created, even though there is no file in it.
Apache Feather


2015 Fabricante | L'Antic Colonial
The idea comes from the origin of the rock. A quarry is a big living sculpture which shape is changed by the forces of nature and by human hand.
The essence of L'Antic Colonial is working with natural materials. During the process of inspiration for the Faces Collection, we studied the formation of the material.
When a rock is cut, the patterns on its surface show you a part of history. They are an evidence of the course of time and the process that formed it. Heat, pressure, time and even chance work on the rock creating the patterns and textures that are characteristic of the marble stone. Each piece is a unique and unrepeatable object.
We aim to play with the dichotomy between natural and artificial. We work with a natural material although we follow the rules of geometry. The industrial process is but an extension of the human handiwork.
Cutting stone
The block is already containing the piece, so we just carve it out while applying the rules of geometry. The Faces collection is made of irregular polyhedrons that recall mineral formations. This kind of shape enhances the aesthetic qualities of the stone and gives it the character of a sculpture. The collection is formed by several items with a common base on a play of intersected surfaces that create different facets.
Three pieces
Firstly, we introduce a prism-shaped counter with a carved void that serves as a sink. The second piece is a topcounter washbasin. Finally, the third piece is available in two versions: the first one is compact monolith of natural stone and the second one has got a wooden box as its lower part.
The collection also includes accessories, backlit mirrors, towel rails and supporting elements, as well as a bas-relief facing shaped in the same geometry.
 - Design
 Ramón Esteve
 - Collaborators
 Isabel Meyer
 Nacho Poveda
 Silvia Martínez
 Alejandra Centelles
 Alex Pérez
 - Produce
 L'Antic Colonial, Porcelanosa
 - Project
 - Photography
 Alfonso Calza
 L'Antic Colonial


text:
The experiment was carried out to study the performance of solar crop dryer coupled with reversed absorber type solar air heater (SD2). Excel software is used to analyse the raw data obtained from the drying experiment to develop a model. An attempt is made in this paper to correlate the collector efficiency, dryer efficiency and pick-up efficiency. All these efficiencies are dependent on the parameters such as solar flux, ambient temperature, collector outlet temperature and moisture content. The simulation equation was developed to predict the values of collector efficiency. The parameters a, n and drying constant k were determined from a plot of curve using a drying models. Experimental data of drying red chili in conventional solar dryer and solar dryer coupled with reversed absorber solar air heater was compared by fitting with three drying models. The moisture content will be rapidly reduced in solar dryer with reversed absorber due to higher drying temperatures. The best fit model was selected to describe the drying behavior of red chili. For SD2 the values of the coefficient of determination (R2=0.997), mean bias error (MBE=0.00026) and root mean square error (RMSE=0.016) were used to determine the goodness or the quality of the fit. Pages model showed a better fit to drying red chili among Newton model and Henderson & Pabis model.
This paper presents the performance, based on exergy analysis of double flow solar air heaters with corrugated and flat plate absorber. A mathematical model of double flow solar air heater based on energy balance equations has been presented and the results obtained have been compared with that of a conventional flat-plate solar air heater. The double flow corrugated absorber solar air heater performs thermally better than the flat plate double flow and conventional flat-plate solar air heater under same operating conditions. However, the corrugated absorber leads to higher pressure drop thereby increasing pumping power. The results revealed that the energy and exergy efficiencies of double flow corrugated absorber solar air heater is much higher than conventional solar air heater with the concept involving of increase in heat transfer surface area and turbulence in air flow. The results indicate that the energy efficiency increases, however, exergy efficiency decreases with increase in mass flow rate.
This paper deals with the analytical investigation of thermal and thermohydraulic performance of double flow solar air heaters with corrugated and flat plate absorber. A mathematical model of double flow solar air heater has been presented, and a computer program in C++ language is developed to estimate the outlet temperature of air for the evaluation of thermal and thermohydraulic efficiency by solving the governing equations numerically using relevant correlations for heat transfer coefficients. The results obtained from the mathematical model is compared with the available experimental results and it is found to be reasonably good. The results show that the double flow solar air heaters have higher efficiency than conventional solar air heater, although the double flow corrugated absorber is superior to that of flat plate double flow solar air heater. It is also observed that the thermal efficiency increases with increase in mass flow rate; however, thermohydraulic efficiency increases with increase in mass flow rate up to a certain limit, attains the maximum value, then thereafter decreases sharply.
Channel depth is an important design parameter to be fixed in designing a solar air heater. In this paper, a mathematical model has been developed to study the influence of channel duct on the thermal performance of solar air heaters. The channel depth has been varied from 1.5 cm to 3.5 cm for the mass flow range 0.01 to 0.11 kg/s. Based on first law of thermodynamics, the channel depth of 1.5 cm shows better thermal performance for all the mass flow range. Also, better thermohydraulic performance has been found up to 0.05 kg/s, and beyond this, thermohydraulic efficiency starts decreasing. It has been seen that, with the increase in the mass flow rate, the difference between thermal and thermohydraulic efficiency increases because of the increase in pressure drop. At lower mass flow rate, 0.01 kg/s, the thermal and thermohydraulic efficiencies for respective channel depth remain the same.
A theoretical investigation on the effect of collector aspect ratio on the thermal performance of wavy finned absorber solar air heaters has been performed. For the constant collector area, the various performance parameters have been calculated for plane and wavy finned solar air heaters. It has been found that the performance of wavy finned solar air heater improved with the increase in the collector aspect ratio. The performance of wavy finned solar air heater has been found 30 percent higher than those of plane solar air heater. The obtained results for wavy fin solar air heaters are compared with the available experimental data of most common type solar air heaters.
Solar energy is a good option among renewable energy resources due to its easy availability and abundance. The simplest and most efficient way to utilize solar energy is to convert it into thermal energy and this can be done with the help of solar collectors. The thermal performance of such collectors is poor due to less heat transfer from the collector surface to air. In this work, experimental investigations of single pass solar air heater having triangular duct and provided with roughness element on the underside of the absorber plate. V-shaped ribs are used for investigation having three different values of relative roughness pitch (p/e) ranges from 4- 16 for a fixed value of angle of attack (α), relative roughness height (e/Dh) and a relative gap distance (d/x) values are 60°, 0.044 and 0.60 respectively. Result shows that considerable augmentation in heat transfer has been obtained by providing roughness.
Solar air heater is a type of heat exchanger which transforms solar radiation into heat energy. The thermal performance of conventional solar air heater has been found to be poor because of the low convective heat transfer coefficient from the absorber plate to the air. It is attributed to the formation of a very thin boundary layer at the absorber plate surface commonly known as viscous sub-layer. Thermal efficiency of solar air heater can be improved by providing the artificial roughness on absorber plate is the most efficient technique. In this paper an attempt is made to provide artificial roughness by incorporating inclined multiple V-ribs in the underside of the absorber plate. 60˚V – ribs are arranged inclined to the direction of air flow. Performance of collector estimated theoretically and experimentally. Results of the investigation reveal that thermal efficiency of collector with multiple V-ribs increased by 14%.
The evaluation of the convective heat transfer of flow in passages with rectangular cross section is still of interest for the heat transfer investigators, as in the air heater solar collectors. The aim of this paper is to present investigation results on the natural convection heat transfer in a solar air heater. The effect of the channel length as heat transfer surface and the inclination of the passage were investigated. The results were obtained experimentally and theoretically. For that, an experimental test rig was fabricated with channel lengths of 1m, 1.5m, and 2m. For each length, the air outlet and inlet temperatures, absorber and cover temperatures, solar radiation intensity and air flow rate were measured at 10o, 30o, 50o, 70o, and 90o tilt angles. Measurements were recorded every 2 hours interval to investigate the transient behavior of the system. The experimental and theoretical results are presented in terms of Nu number versus Ra number and discussed. The percentages of differences between experimental and theoretical results are within the margin of 6% to 13%, effectively. It is recommended to extend the investigation to study the same configurations with different artificial surface roughing by ribs or pins.
A solar powered air heating system using one ended evacuated tubes is experimentally investigated. A solar air heater containing forty evacuated tubes is used for heating purpose. The collector surface area is about 4.44 m2. The length and outer diameters of the outer glass tube and absorber tube are 1500, 47 and 37 mm, respectively. In this experimental setup, we have a header (heat exchanger) of square shape (190 mm x 190 mm). The length of header is 1500 mm. The header consists of a hollow pipe in the center whose diameter is 60 mm through which the air is made to flow. The experimental setup contains approximately 108 liters of water. Water is working as heat collecting medium which collects the solar heat falling on the tubes. This heat is delivered to the air flowing through the header pipe. This heat flow is due to natural convection and conduction. The outlet air temperature depends upon several factors along with air flow rate and solar radiation intensity. The study has been done for both up-flow and down-flow of air in header in similar weather conditions, at different flow rates. In the present investigations the study has been made to find the effect of intensity of solar radiations and flow rate of air on the out let temperature of the air with time and which flow is more efficient. The obtained results show that the system is highly effective for the heating in this region. Moreover, it has been observed that system is highly efficient for the particular flow rate of air. It was also observed that downflow configuration is more effective than up-flow condition at all flow rates due to lesser losses in down-flow. The results show that temperature differences of upper head and lower head, both of water and surface of pipes on the respective ends is lower in down-flow.


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The complete archaeological sequence of the site of Salut has been singled out by the Italian Mission to Oman (IMTO), directed by Alessandra Avanzini. The Mission of the University of Pisa started its investigations in March 2004, in agreement with the Office of HE the Adviser to HM the Sultan for Cultural Affaires of Muscat and with the contribution of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
After a preliminary deep sounding (2004) to verify the stratigraphical sequence, the IMTO realized the great potential value of the site and its importance for ancient history of Oman and for Eastern Arabia.
Since 2005, two archaeological campaigns are conducted annually. The rich and interesting results of excavations at the site and the surrounding plain will be exposed in this Virtual Museum.


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A leading MNC bank in UAE had established its Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) division about a year and a half prior to this project. Sensing the huge opportunity in the SME space, the bank wanted to increase its focus on this segment. However, the UAE market was characterised by a dearth of publicly available information due to the "Tax-Free" nature of the economy which did not mandate the filing of annual books of accounts. The bank hence requested UC Strategy extensive research of the UAE market to identify focus sectors, growth potential and strategies to be adopted by the bank to target these segments. Such research would also give a first mover advantage to the bank as no other bank had access to such data.
To develop the SME strategy, UC Strategy adopted the following approach:
- Conducted primary research amongst 100 SMEs to identify industry trends, banking needs etc.
- Calculated the banking wallet size for leading SME segments
- Prioritised focus segments
- Conducted competitor research to understand key focus segments of the competition, their perspective of the market, future strategy etc.
- Analysed the impact of the real estate boom and Islamic banking on the SME segments
- Defined an agenda for action for the bank based on:
- Product Focus
- Geography Focus (relative importance of Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah)
- Community Focus
- Value Proposition
- Points of Parity and Points of Differentiation
UC Strategy delivered its market research on the SME sector in the UAE, along with recommendations of areas to focus on, growth potential and strategies to be adopted.


API: ReverseNS
The ReverseNS API call returns domains hosted on the same name server (NS record). This is a Premium API call, you have to buy API credits here (_URL_
API request and parameters
_URL_
Parameters:
nsrecord:NS record, for example cody.ns.cloudflare.com
apikey:Your API key
Optional parameter:
page:A single API call returns a maximum of 2,500 domains. With the page parameter you can step through the results and get results up to 100,000 domains. Page value can be between 1 and 40.
API response
A JSON object with the following fields:
status:Status of API call: succeed or error.
question:Array of the question data with the following fields: nsrecord and page.
typeinfo:Data type returned, always 'reversens'.
ndomains:Total number of domains found using the NS record.
domains:Array of domains using the NS record. Maximum of 2,500 domain names are returned.
Example
$ _URL_
{
 "status": "succeed",
 "data":
 {
 "question":
 {
 "nsrecord": "cody.ns.cloudflare.com",
 "page": 1
 },
 "typeinfo": "reversens",
 "ndomains": 32367,
 "domains":[
 "dnslytics.com",
 "myip.report",
 "..."
 ]
 }
}


Flèche (fencing)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the fencing term. For the architectural element, see Flèche. For other uses, see Flèche (disambiguation).
Rubén Limardo attacks Ulrich Robeiri (left) with a flèche, Masters épée 2012
Fabian Kauter (right) hits Diego Confalonieri (left) with a flèche attack, Trophée Monal 2012 (épée)
The flèche /ˈflɛʃ/ is an aggressive offensive fencing technique used with foil and épée.
In a flèche, a fencer transfers his weight onto his front foot and starts to extend the arm. The rear leg initiates the attack, but the ball of the leading foot provides the explosive impulse that is needed to drive the fencer toward the opponent.[1] Continuing to bring the weapon, arm, and front shoulder forward, he picks up his back foot, crossing his front leg, and landing it in front of the other foot - as if taking an exaggerated walking stride. It is at this point, when the back foot lands and just after that arm has become fully extended, that the hit should be made. In foil, the attack is considered over when the back foot lands, and the opponent can seize Right of Way by initiating an attack.
After attempting the hit, the fencer continues to move forward, running past his opponent, to avoid the riposte if he was parried, or a counterattack. If the fencer moves past as quickly as possible the opponent generally only has one chance to hit the fleching fencer as he/she passes. Rules prevent body contact with the opponent in foil. Infraction of the rule may result in a warning, awarding a touch to the opponent, and/or expulsion from the competition.[2] In épée, contact merely results in a stopping of play without penalty, unless it was done with jostling, brutality, or to avoid being hit.
The flèche involves speed and an element of surprise. The flèche is absolutely not a charge down the piste at an opponent at distance. The flèche utilizes timing, not distance, so the distance shouldn't be greater than a step-lunge.
The flèche is not allowed in some types of tournaments, especially in high school fencing. For example, the flèche is forbidden in New Jersey interscholastic fencing.
The term flèche is a French term meaning "arrow," referring to the surprising style of the attack. Under FIE rules it is illegal for a sabreur to cross his or her legs, making the flèche illegal. Sabreurs can instead use a flunge - a portmanteau of flying and lunge - where a lunge (generally cutting to head) is made with a leap to give speed and close the extra distance.
 1. ^ Garret, Maxwell R. and Mary Heinecke Poulson. Foil Fencing. University Park: Pennsylvania State UP, 1981, p. 49.
 2. ^ Garret


You want to change the default paper size of your Cameyo Virtual Printer from LETTER to A4 (or vice versa)
The only known possibility is to change the region settings of your Windows server running Cameyo.
 1. Open your Windows Settings
 2. Goto Region
 3. Click Additional date, time, & regional settings
 4. Click Change date, time, or number formats
 5. Change tab to Administrative tab
 6. In Language for non-Unicode programs click Change system locale
 7. Change it to a region with the according paper format
 Most European countries = A4
 English (United States) = LETTER
Alternatively (to #1-4) you can open the regional settings running the following command (and continue with #5):
 control intl.cpl


Main Article Content
Abstract
Timor deer is ruminant mammals' species with high adaptability which enable them to be introduced easily in to new habitat. The animal was experiencing population decrease which put them in the rare status. The research was aimed at the estimation of demographic parameter, population growth model, and the determination of spatial distribution pattern of the timor deer population in Alas Purwo National Park (APNP). Animal inventory was conducted using strip transect method with sample unit of 1.5 km length and 100 m width strips. Analyses were conducted on demography parameter (size and density, sex ratio, birth rate/natality and mortality), spatial distribution pattern, and population growth model estimation. The result showed that timor deer in APNP has population size of 8157 ± 1224 individuals with population density of 0,20 ± 0,03 individuals/ha. Population size in general was 1 – 8 individuals/group. The age structure of the population was progressive population with reproductive sex ratio of 1 : 2.3. Rough birth rate/natality was 0.19, while juvenile and fawn mortality was 0.13 and 0.31. The population was spatially distributed in group. Growth model of Timor deer was logistic model, with population growth rate of 0.22 in 38,844 individuals/year habitat carrying capacity.
Keywords: Cervus timorensis, demographic, spatial distribution, growth.
Article Details
Author Biographies
Yanto Santosa, Bogor Agriculture University
Laboratorium Ekologi Satwaliar Departemen Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan dan Ekowisata, Fakultas Kehutanan IPB Kampus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Diah Auliyani, Bogor Agriculture University
Departemen Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan dan Ekowisata, Fakultas Kehutanan IPB Kampus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agus Priyono Kartono, Bogor Agriculture University
Laboratorium Ekologi Satwaliar Departemen Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan dan Ekowisata, Fakultas Kehutanan IPB Kampus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
How to Cite
[1]
SantosaY., AuliyaniD. and KartonoA.P. 1. PENDUGAAN MODEL PERTUMBUHAN DAN PENYEBARAN SPASIAL POPULASI RUSA TIMOR (Cervus timorensis de Blainville, 1822) DI TAMAN NASIONAL ALAS PURWO JAWA TIMUR. Media Konservasi. 13, 1 (1). DOI:_URL_
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Soils make a vital contribution to Scotland's environmental, economic and social well-being. The report 'The State of Scotland's Soil' by Natural Scotland provides a picture of their current state and describes what can be done to protect them.It was led by SEPA and written and collated by scientists from a range of Scottish research institutes, universities and other public bodies.
The report aims to raise awareness of the importance of soils to inform people of the key environmental issues relating to soil, and to encourage debate on how to progress towards a sustainable Scotland. It builds on earlier reports by SEPA (2001) and the Scottish Government's Environmental research report Scotland's Soil Resource – current state and threats (Towers etal., 2006). The full report is available on the SEPA website at;


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Translation of plea in Spanish:
- 1 (appeal) [formal] despite pleas from local peoplea pesar de las peticiones de los vecinosshe listened to my pleaescuchó mis ruegos or súplicasplea
forsomethingshe made a plea for mercyrogó or suplicó or imploró clemenciathe play is a plea for tolerancela obra es un llamamiento or (in Latin America also) un llamado a la toleranciaExample sentences
- But unlike Moore, he doesn't rely on emotional pleas from hysterical moms and funny songs to lighten the mood.
- Beware of charities long on emotional pleas but short on concrete examples of where the money goes, she advised.
- He also is undecided on his emotions, chopping and changing between angry violent outbursts and whiny emotional pleas.
- 2 (Law)to enter a plea of guilty/not guiltydeclararse culpable/inocenteto cop a plea (American English) [colloquial](declararse culpable para obtener una sentencia más leve)Example sentences
- The defendants put forward a plea of justification, based on the issue of the writ itself.
- It seems that he indicated a plea of guilty even before the charge was amended.
- I have already said that I am not going to make a plea of diminished responsibility on the grounds of incapacity.
- 3 (excuse) [formal] she didn't come on the plea of illnessno vino so pretexto de or pretextando estar enfermaExample sentences
- You must demonstrate that you have made a decision and will no longer accept philandering, excuses, promises or pleas.
- His attorneys moved on Wednesday to obtain a prompt hearing on his plea that he is legally entitled to release.
- He was given six years for forgery despite his plea that he regarded painting banknotes as "a new form of art."
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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In support of CAR related research, a CAR data processing system was designed and implemented by the Cloud Retrieval Group at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in early 1995. The purpose of the processing system is to ingest CAR raw digital counts and engineering data, and produce calibrated radiances in Hierarchical Data Format (HDF). To complement CAR radiometric data, a set of carefully selected C-131A or CV-580 navigation data and in situ cloud microphysics measurements are included in the CAR HDF data set. The end product is a self-contained, self-describing, and information-rich data set.
By clicking on one of the field experiments to the left, one may obtain detailed information on each of the CAR missions for that experiment, including:


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Purdue University Study Finds Westinghouse AP1000 Shield Building Is Well Designed to Withstand Stro
June 2, 2011
PITTSBURGH, June 2, 2011 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ - Purdue University researchers have completed large-scale tests to verify the structural integrity of the shield building that contains the main components of the Westinghouse AP1000 nuclear power plant. The researchers determined that the structure is flexible and strong enough to withstand earthquake forces more powerful than federal design requirements, and that the structure provides a significant reserve margin to ensure radiation is contained.
The study was conducted at Purdue University's Bowen Laboratory, which is internationally recognized for structural testing of large-scale components. This large-scale testing program was led by Dr. Amit H. Varma, Associate Professor of Civil Engineering at Purdue University. Dr. Varma is a University Faculty Scholar, Director of the Center for Structural Engineering and Emerging Technologies for Nuclear Power Plants, and internationally recognized for his role in current efforts to develop an American Institute of Steel Construction specification for the design of steel-concrete composite structures for safety related nuclear facilities.
The AP1000 shield building design employs an inner steel-wall containment vessel and an outer radiation shield made using a technology called steel-concrete-composite construction. Instead of using more conventional reinforced concrete, which is concrete filled with steel bars, the steel-concrete approach uses a sandwich of steel faceplates filled with concrete.
"We conducted a large-scale testing program that included more than twenty full-scale tests on the fundamental out-of-plane behavior, in-plane behavior, anchorage performance, and composite behavior of the steel-concrete composite design used for the shield building," said Dr. Varma. "Some of our test specimens were 40 feet long and 3 feet by 3 feet in cross-sections, requiring the use of our two 30-ton capacity cranes to lift and place in the test setup. The specimens were tested using multiple hydraulic rams capable of exerting 1 million pounds of force each. We had carefully designed and deployed sensors to measure the fundamental behavior and load carrying capacity of the specimens."
Besides the experimental program, researchers at Purdue University also developed and benchmarked extremely complex state-of-the-art computer models to simulate the measured behavior of the tested specimens. The experimental and computational research complemented each other, and enhanced the robustness and fidelity of the whole effort.
Michael Corletti, Director of New Plant Engineering at Westinghouse said, "The benchmarked models were used to investigate and evaluate the behavior of the steel-composite shield building design subjected to different extreme design and beyond design-basis loading scenarios including aircraft impact, earthquakes, tornado, missile impact, etc."
Dr. Varma added, "Most importantly, the benchmarked computational models were used to demonstrate the performance, overall ductility, and the seismic design philosophy used for the AP1000 shield building design when subjected to safe-shutdown and then beyond design-basis earthquakes."
The large-scale experimental and computational benchmarking research at Purdue was funded by Westinghouse, and the findings will be submitted to the U.S. NRC.
Purdue University Bowen Laboratory
Purdue University's Bowen Laboratory is an international authority in civil engineering and the research and testing of civil structures. The National Science Foundation announced in 2010 that Purdue will lead a new center, funded with a $105 million NSF grant, called the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation, or NEES.
Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
With 15,000 employees worldwide, Westinghouse Electric Company LLC, a group company of Toshiba Corporation (tky:6502), is the world's pioneering nuclear energy company and is a leading supplier of nuclear plant products and technologies to utilities throughout the world. Westinghouse employs more than 9,000 employees in the U.S., with over 4,000 currently involved in nuclear manufacturing activities through six states. In 1957, Westinghouse supplied the world's first PWR in the Western Pennsylvania town of Shippingport. Today, Westinghouse technology is the basis for approximately one-half of the world's operating nuclear plants, including 60 percent of those in the United States and 40 percent worldwide.
SOURCE Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
Copyright (C) 2011 PR Newswire. All rights reserved
June 17, 2013
The Bindley Bioscience Center (BBC) is hosting life science industry leaders to engage in an open conversation and identify priority areas that will meet their needs in the coming decadeRead Full Story
June 17, 2013
The Bindley Bioscience Center (BBC) is hosting life science industry leaders to engage in an open conversation and identify priority areas that will meet their needs in the coming decade.Read Full Story
June 13, 2013
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. - The Purdue Energy Center in Discovery Park is gearing up for the second Energy Academy at Purdue, working in collaboration with utility giant Duke Energy Corp. to prepare the next generation of sustainable energy leaders.Read Full Story


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No spectacular Hawk-moths today, nothing even particularly brightly coloured or intriguing at all…except for this little creamy white one with two distinctive black spots and lots of speckles.
I couldn't ID it so turned to Twitter and got an identification from lep expert Sean Foote within minutes – Anania perlucidalis (Hübner, 1809) and about the same time by Chris Knott on the Facebook group "Moths UK Flying Tonight". The species only has an official scientific name, the modern common name is Fenland Pearl, and is not necessarily in the books. In fact, it's not in my book at all under either name, which is perhaps why I struggled to find it.
According to the UK Moths site, it was first seen in the British Isles on a Huntingdonshire fen, just up the road from us here in Cambridgeshire. It's a localised species, lives on fenland and coastal parts of East Anglia and the South East of England. The site says little is known about the lifecycle of this species although it is thought that the larvae feed on Cirsium and Carduus thistles. The Wikipedia is very terse but corroborates it as a June-July and August flyer depending on location and that the larvae feed on Cirsium.


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Wanzai: the lightning disaster monitoring and early warning system is completed
Recently, the Meteorological Bureau of Wanzai County, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province completed the construction of a lightning disaster monitoring and early warning system and officially put it into use, which can improve the level of lightning disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warning services.
This project is the first atmospheric electric field instrument construction project in Yichun. According to the detection range of the atmospheric electric field instrument and the actual needs of lightning protection, the meteorological department installed 4 sets of atmospheric electric field instruments in the county seat of Wanzai County, Xianyuan Township, Luocheng Town, and Huangmao Town and carried out network monitoring. The system can monitor changes in the atmospheric electric field all-round and all-weather, and automatically issue an alarm after a sudden change, providing technical support for effective defense and mitigation of lightning disasters.
For more news and events on surge protective device, please pay attention to our official website:_URL_.
FATECH ELECTRONIC LTD.
Oct. 18, 2021


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Lake Erie Microcystis: relationship between microcystin production, dynamics of genotypes and environmental parameters in a large lake
Cyanobacteria of genus Microcystis sp. have been commonly found in Lake Erie waters during recent summer seasons. In an effort to elucidate relationships between microcystin production, genotypic composition of Microcystis community and environmental parameters in a large lake ecosystem, we collected DNA samples and environmental data during a three-year (2003–2005) survey within Lake Erie and used the data to perform a series of correlation analyses. Cyanobacteria and Microcystis genotypes were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Our data show that Microcystis in Lake Erie forms up to 42% of all cyanobacteria, and that Microcystis exists as a mixed population of potentially toxic and (primarily) non-toxic genotypes. In the entire lake, the total abundance of Microcystis as well as the abundance of microcystin-producing Microcystis is strongly correlated with the abundance of cyanobacteria suggesting that Microcystis is a significant component of the cyanobacterial community in Lake Erie during summer seasons. The proportion of total Microcystis of all cyanobacteria was strongly linked to the microcystin concentrations, while the percentage of microcystin-producing genotypes within Microcystis population showed no correlation with microcystin concentrations. Correlation analysis indicated that increasing total phosphorus concentrations correlate strongly with increasing microcystin concentrations as well as with the total abundance of Microcystis and microcystin-producing Microcystis.
Rinta-Kanto, J.M.; DeBruyn, J.M.; Konopko, E.A.; Bourbonniere, R.A.; Boyer, G.L.; and Wilhelm, S.W., "Lake Erie Microcystis: relationship between microcystin production, dynamics of genotypes and environmental parameters in a large lake" (2009). Microbiology Publications and Other Works.


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I have read that holes in semiconductor are nothing but vacancies created by electrons. But how can this vacancy i.e. hole has a mass?
share|improve this question
See physics.stackexchange.com/a/10858/3811 for more details about "what is a hole" than you usually find :-) – Steve B Jul 10 '12 at 22:57
4 Answers 4
A quick answer:
Imagine an array of billiard balls with one missing in the middle of the array; there is a "hole" where the billiard ball is missing. For this hole to "move", a billiard ball must move into that position, leaving a hole at the ball's previous position. Since, in fact, the hole movement is entirely equivalent to the billiard ball movement, we can speak of the mass of the hole even though it is the billiard ball's mass that is physical.
Now, in the case of electrons moving through the unfilled valence band, the effective mass is greater than the mass of a mobile electron so hole mass is typically greater than mobile electron mass.
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While the answers above are correct in essence, the inertia of the hole is due to the electrons that must flow to fill up the hole, there is a simple way to understand what the mass of a hole is in a tight-binding model.
If you have an electron in a lattice, and it can hop from one site to another with amplitude a, then the time evolution of the wavefunction is by
$$ {\partial_t \psi(x)} = a\sum_{\langle y,x\rangle} \psi(y) $$
where the sum is over nearest neighbors of x (not including x). If you redefine the phase of the wavefunction in a time-dependent way $\psi(x)\rightarrow e^{iNat}\psi(x)$$ where N is the number of nearest neighbors, you subtract a term from the right hand side which leads to a standard form of the lattice Laplacian, so you have a discretized Schrodinger equation. The continuum limit of this is the normal Schrodinger equation:
$$ {\partial_t \psi} = a\epsilon^2 \nabla^2 \psi $$
Where $\epsilon$ is the lattice spacing. From this, you can read off the effective mass $m={1\over 2a}$.
The point is that mass of a quantum excitation is just the inverse of the hopping amplitude, so it is universal to describe any localized excitation that moves coherently with an effective mass. The harder it is to hop, the more massive the object is. The result is in principle independent of the actual mass of the fundamental particles--- if you make an optical lattice and place a metal BEC in each optical trap, the electrons have to tunnel from one trap location to the next in order to flow, and the effective mass can be as large as you like. In real materials, the effective mass is usually close to the electron mass, but sometimes can be hundreds of times bigger.
If you fill up all the electron states, and consider one hole, there is an amplitude for the hole to hop to a neighboring location. This gives an effective mass as above, proportional to the inverse hopping amplitude. Unlike in classical systems, you don't have to consider dissipation--- the effective mass description is exact. Further, if the hopping amplitude for a hole is fundamentally the same as the hopping amplitude for an electron to fill the hole from the neighbors.
share|improve this answer
I think that the answer should be searched in surface metal (dielectric)free electrons. When an electron start to move it became heavier or easyer throgh absorbtion or radiation of some Planck energy.The change in speed is : speed is increasing if electron go through band gap by absorbtion.(Fourier Generalised Tf. and antenna radiation) In orbital valent position the electrons and the holes in which it is formed a filler.When the electron leave the filler, the filler hole mass is the mass of electrons plus the mass of received energy and other posible interaction with other orbital or nucleous.
share|improve this answer
Could you please improve the grammar and/or sentence structure of your answer? It is very hard to understand what you're saying as of right now. – Danu Oct 19 at 8:54
For a very common practically important classical mechanical equivalent, consider a bubble of air in the water. The apparent inertia of the bubble is on order of the mass of water displaced by the bubble, as the water around the bubble has to move for the bubble to move. This is an important consideration for ships, submarines, torpedoes, fish, etc, that end up having considerably more inertia than their own mass, and end up accelerating slower with the engine on.
One time I did mathematics for realistic barrel falling into water in computer game; the apparent 'increase' of the mass, in combination with the conservation of momentum, rather accurately describes a large part of the deceleration of object when it is entering water.
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