text:
Specialist frugivores are the dominant consumers of mistletoe fruit in many regions and have been shown to intensify infections of host plants as a result of their rapid gut passage rates and dependence on existing infections. The role of specialist frugivores in long distance dispersal of mistletoe and establishment of new infections is unclear, and has not been explicitly evaluated previously. Here we critically examine the premise that specialists are the dominant dispersers by examining the role of an Australian mistletoe specialist (mistletoebird Dicaeum hirundinaceum Dicaeidae) in dispersing mistletoe (Amyema preissii Santalales: Loranthaceae) seeds beyond infected host stands. We use two primary lines of evidence - presence of birds using remote call recorders, and presence of dispersed seeds via surveys for defecated seeds on host branches. The observed and inferred movements of the mistletoebird were wholly restricted to habitat patches containing mistletoe, and this bird was not observed to transport seeds to nearby uninfected host stands within the study system. While mistletoe specialists may provide much of the within-stand dispersal service for mistletoes, this serves only to aggregate and intensify existing infections. We suggest that long distance dispersal of mistletoe seeds beyond existing hosts and infection centres is not performed by these dietary specialists, these services more likely to be provided by generalist frugivores and other occasional mistletoe fruit consumers.
Field of Research
060208 Terrestrial Ecology
Socio Economic Objective
960806 Forest and Woodlands Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity


EN
Este contenido no se encuentra disponible en su idioma, pero aquí tiene la versión en inglés.
Microsoft-Specific Modifiers
This section describes Microsoft-specific extensions to C++ in the following areas:
Many of the Microsoft-specific keywords can be used to modify declarators to form derived types. For more information about declarators, see Declarators.
Microsoft-Specific Keywords
Keyword Meaning Used to Form Derived Types?
__based
The name that follows declares a 32-bit offset to the 32-bit base contained in the declaration.
Yes
__cdecl
The name that follows uses the C naming and calling conventions.
Yes
__declspec
The name that follows specifies a Microsoft-specific storage-class attribute.
No
__fastcall
The name that follows declares a function that uses registers, when available, instead of the stack for argument passing.
Yes
__restrict
Similar to __declspec(restrict), but for use on variables.
No
__sptr
Specifies that pointer conversion extends the high-order bit of a 32-bit pointer throughout the high-order portion of a 64-bit pointer.
No
__stdcall
The name that follows specifies a function that observes the standard calling convention.
Yes
__uptr
Specifies that pointer conversion sets the high-order portion of a 64-bit pointer to zero.
No
__w64
Marks a date type as being larger on a 64-bit compiler.
No
__unaligned
Specifies that a pointer to a type or other data is not aligned.
No
Adiciones de comunidad
AGREGAR
Mostrar:


text:
Nearest city Kuressaare
|Area 24.42 km²|
|Similar Pihla‑Kaibaldi Nature Reserve, Lindi Nature Reserve, Sirtsi Nature Reserve, Järvselja Nature Reserve, Nedrema Nature Reserve|
Laidevahe Nature Reserve (Estonian: Laidevahe looduskaitseala) is a nature reserve situated on Saaremaa in western Estonia, in Saare County.
Laidevahe nature reserve protects an area of coastal wetlands, comprising salt marshes, islets, small lagoons, coastal meadows and so on, but also areas of old-growth forest and alvars. The area is internationally recognized as an important habitat for several species of birds, including the white-tailed eagle which has bred in the area since at least 1995. Other notable bird species found in Laidevahe are dunlin (Calidris alpina), barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis) and little crake (Porzana parva). The coastal nature reserve is also rich in fish, and in addition is a habitat for both otter and grey seal. As for the flora, several species of orchid grow in the nature reserve - for example, early purple orchid, greater butterfly orchid and lady slipper orchids.
The Laidevahe Nature Reserve comprises a myriad of wetland areas. It has lagoons, coastal lakes and saltmarshes, consists of over 40 islets and has large swathes of reedbeds. This diverse vegetation type forms the core of the West Estonian Archipelago Biosphere Reserve (1990). The wetlands are also endowed with small areas of boreo-nemoral broadleaved forests, alvars and dry meadows.
In the vicinity of the Laidevahe Nature Reserve are the Püha and Valjala medieval churches.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Rocky Vista University is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action employer that does not discriminate against an employee or applicant based upon race, color, religion, gender, national origin, disability, or veteran status. Rocky Vista University is an Equal Opportunity Employer.
Location: US-UT-Ivins Category: Faculty Type: Regular Part-Time 19 hours or less
Location, Job Title, Benefits
The Department of OPP/OMM at Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine - Southern Utah has an opening for an Adjunct Lab Faculty member to work one or two afternoon's a week with first year medical students.
All applicants are required to submit a curriculum vitae. Final applicants will be required to pass both a background and drug test.
Purpose: Demonstrate experience and expertise in Osteopathic Principles and Practice (OPP) & Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM) in the context of clinical education for pre-doctoral students, provide service to the university and professional communities and engage in innovative scholarship and research to advance medical knowledge.
Essential Job Functions
Direct the education and instruction of medical students in OPP/OMM, while providing mentorship and motivation for learning, research and scholarly activity in classroom environments, clinical settings, active learning groups, laboratory experience and research opportunities. Be available for student advising, tutoring, remediation and consultation.
Marginal Job Functions
Terminal degree (DO or MD); Good standing with all regulatory and governmental boards and agencies; Eligible for coverage by college's malpractice insurer if applicable.
Three (3) years academic experience as a faculty member at a College of Osteopathic Medicine or as a faculty member in a Graduate Medical Education program, inclusive of residency; Current Board certified or Board eligible in area of specialization.
Rocky Vista University is in full compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and does not discriminate with regard to applicants or employees with disabilities, and will make reasonable accommodation when necessary.


ocf_heartbeat_AudibleAlarm man page
ocf_heartbeat_AudibleAlarm — Emits audible beeps at a configurable interval
Synopsis
AudibleAlarm [start | stop | status | monitor | meta-data | validate-all]
Description
Resource script for AudibleAlarm. It sets an audible alarm running by beeping at a set interval.
Supported Parameters
nodelist
The node list that should never sound the alarm.
(optional, string, no default)
Supported Actions
This resource agent supports the following actions (operations):
start
Starts the resource. Suggested minimum timeout: 10.
stop
Stops the resource. Suggested minimum timeout: 10.
restart
Suggested minimum timeout: 10.
status
Performs a status check. Suggested minimum timeout: 10. Suggested interval: 10.
monitor
Performs a detailed status check. Suggested minimum timeout: 10. Suggested interval: 10.
meta-data
Retrieves resource agent metadata (internal use only). Suggested minimum timeout: 5.
validate-all
Performs a validation of the resource configuration. Suggested minimum timeout: 5.
Example Crm Shell
The following is an example configuration for a AudibleAlarm resource using the crm(8) shell:
primitive p_AudibleAlarm ocf:heartbeat:AudibleAlarm \
 op monitor depth="0" timeout="10" interval="10"
Example Pcs
The following is an example configuration for a AudibleAlarm resource using pcs(8)
pcs resource create p_AudibleAlarm ocf:heartbeat:AudibleAlarm \
 op monitor depth="0" timeout="10" interval="10"
See Also
_URL_
Author
Linux-HA contributors (see the resource agent source for information about individual authors)
Info
12/16/2016 resource-agents UNKNOWN OCF resource agents


text:
ELWT1122 - Field Construction III
This course gives the student a basic understanding of overhead transmission structure construction and installation requirements for 69KV systems. Students will also participate in two industry hot line schools, one sponsored by the Minnesota Municipal Utilities Association and the other by the Minnesota Rural Electric Cooperatives.
- Construct post insulator 69KV structures.
- Construct wishbone 69KV structures.
- Construct H-frame 69KV structures.
- Install 69KV high voltage electrical systems.
- Retire overhead distribution electrical systems.
- Retire underground distribution electrical systems.
- Display professional conduct.
- Install conductor on wishbone 69 KV project.
- Install conductor on post 69 KV project.
- Install conductor on H-frame 69 KV project.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
What is S.I.?
Supplemental Instruction (SI) is an academic assistance program that utilizes peer-assisted study sessions. SI sessions are regularly-scheduled, informal review sessions in which students compare notes, discuss readings, develop organizational tools, and predict test items. Students learn how to integrate course content and study skills while working together. The sessions are facilitated by "SI leaders", students who have previously done well in the course and who attend all class lectures, take notes, and act as model students.
- It's FREE!
- Can help improve your study skills for the class.
- Students who attend at least 5 times before each exam tend to make a letter grade higher.
- Guaranteed study time with SI leader and classmates.
- Regularly scheduled so you can work it into your schedule. Click here to view our times.
What is an S.I. Leader?
S.I. sessions are led by students who have already been successful in the same class that you are taking. They are trained by the EXCEL Center to facilitate study groups and work closely with the professor to ensure that the study group are on target with the course.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Delete locations with a CSV file
You can upload a CSV file that contains the locations you want to delete. This task allows you to delete multiple locations at once. You can include the locations that you want to delete in a template file or you can modify a CSV file that contains all locations.
To perform this task, you must be an ETP super administrator, delegated administrator, or a tenant administrator.
How to
 1. Create a CSV file with the locations you want to delete or download a CSV file:
 2. Modify the CSV file to include the locations that you want to delete. Note these conditions:
 - If you are modifying the CSV file with all locations, remove the rows in the spreadsheet for the locations that you do not want to delete.
 - If you are creating a spreadsheet, make sure the first three columns include location name, description, and policy name. This information must be entered in separate columns. For example, the first column should contain the location name, the second column should contain the description, while the third column should contain the policy name. The columns that follow can contain the associated IP addresses, CIDR blocks, or if dynamic DNS is enabled for your ETP configuration, the associated domains.
 3. Save the CSV file.
 4. Upload the CSV file:
 1. In the navigation menu, select Configuration > Locations. Click the upload icon.
 Note: If you are trying the new Enterprise Center interface, in the navigation menu, select Locations > Locations. Click the icon.
 2. Select Delete locations via CSV file.
 3. Locate and select the CSV file that you created or modified.
Next steps
Deploy these configuration changes to the ETP network. For instructions see Deploy configuration changes.


text:
The grapes were hand-harvested at 26.5 Brix on September 10, 2014 from the Sierra Moon Vineyard, El Dorado County, Sierra Foothills AVA. The 2014 vintage was starting to show the effects of the drought conditions that were prevalent in the state and the fruit achieved full ripeness a couple of weeks ahead of schedule. To combat the draught, approximately 25% of the grapes were removed from the vines a month prior to harvest, allowing the vines to focus on fewer grapes. The vineyard experienced a hot early summer, then cooled in midsummer. The heat returned for the end of summer and remained well into the early fall. The outcome of the weather conditions was early brix accumulation while still possessing refreshing acidities. The deciding factor as to when to pick was based on the flavor of the fruit rather than the numerical value of the sugar and acidity.
The fruit arrived at the winery in ½ ton bins where destemming and hand-sorting occurred. Fermentation proceeded in a small tank for five days. The free-run was transferred directly into neutral barrels for settling. The young wine was racked from the neutral barrels into a combination of new and one-year old French and American oak barrels where it aged for an additional year. The wine was bottled unfined and unfiltered in January 2016. Production was limited to 70 cases.
Total Acidity 0.74 g/ml
Residual Sugar 0.08 g/ml


text:
Oxidation of Hydrocarbons Released from Piston Crevices of S.I. Engines
This work presents a numerical method for predictions of HC oxidation in the cold turbulent wall jet emerging from the piston top land crevice in an S.I. engine, using a complex chemical reaction model. The method has been applied to an engine model geometry with the aim to predict the HC oxidation rate under engine - relevant conditions. According to the simulation a large amount of HC survives oxidation due to the long ignition delay of the wall jet emitted from the crevice. This ignition delay, in turn depends mainly on chemical composition and temperature of the gas mixture in the crevice and also on the temperature distribution in the cylinder boundary layer.


text:
Scam Awareness Fortnight is taking place this week and next week, and raising awareness is particularly important at this point in time.
The event – taking place from Monday 15 to Friday 26 June – comes at a time when Citizens Advice have reported that almost one in three people have been contacted by a scammer since the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak began. As such, this year's focus will be on scams that have emerged as a result of the pandemic.
Citizens Advice has developed some useful resources to raise awareness of these scams. You can find resources to help raise awareness and promote the campaign on the Citizens Advice website. The website has a range of online and print resources that you can download, print or request.
Help us spread the message that scams are crimes that can happen to anyone and that we can all take a stand to help stop them. There are actions we can all take to report them, share stories and raise awareness of scams to safeguard ourselves and others.


text:
The law of the water column - function of section lines
In designs that require the overlapping of several bricks, the following should be taken into account: due to the increased pressure of the water column, the water in the bricks runs
downwards. This causes the upper bricks to drain towards the lower bricks. In the latter, the excess water then leads to drainage. This undesirable effect can be minimized by placing foil or even a thin layer of dry foam between the individual bricks, thus interrupting the water column. This ensures that sufficient water is stored in both the upper and lower bricks. Several, especially large OASIS® plug-in foam products are equipped with "cut lines" (narrow recesses in the foam) to interrupt the water column so that drainage is minimized.


text:
Skip to Main Content
For a wireless LAN or a cluster of nodes in an ad hoc wireless network, multicast transmissions from a controlling station must be acknowledged by the nodes that are addressed. To ensure reliable reception at all the nodes, the multicast packet may be repeated on different transmissions, or on the same transmission as a form of diversity, or both. In this paper, policies for repeat transmissions of multicast packets are analyzed in terms of the average number of repeat transmissions required and the corresponding efficiency of the signaling on the multicast channel. The analytical results are parametric in packet/ACK error probability, the number of nodes, and the number of required ACKs. It is shown that a policy of accumulating ACKs and addressing only unacknowledged nodes on repeated non-diversity transmissions is more efficient than simply using a higher order of diversity on the multicast transmissions. Methods are shown for avoiding unnecessary repetitions in the case of a missing node.


What is the difference between core and headline inflation?
Quick Answer
According to James Bullard for the Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis, Mo., headline inflation includes food and energy prices when calculating the cost of living for the average consumer. Core inflation does not incorporate these two factors, because they are considered quite volatile. Members of the Federal Reserve and most economists prefer to rely on core inflation numbers to give a truer picture of future inflation trends without complications.
Continue Reading
What is the difference between core and headline inflation?
Credit: Glowimages Getty Images
Full Answer
Bullard explains that there is an enduring controversy over which inflation metric is the best to use when deciding on monetary policies intended to manage inflation. The goal is to accomplish a low and steady inflation rate that is safest for the nation's economy and its investors. Some economists argue that headline inflation is best, stating that it is unwise to remove food and energy components because they are such a large factor in every citizen's budget. Advocates for the use of the core inflation metric argue that food and energy prices can fluctuate suddenly and drastically in reaction to unexpected events, such as natural disasters, war and other disruptions to the national supply. Therefore, core inflation is believed to provide a cleaner and more stable insight into the underlying behavior of inflation.
Learn more about Currency & Conversions
Related Questions


Sökning: "Kirsti Skavberg Roaldsen"
Hittade 1 avhandling innehållade orden Kirsti Skavberg Roaldsen.
 1. 1. Factors influencing physical activity in patients with venous leg ulcer
 Författare :Kirsti Skavberg Roaldsen; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
 Nyckelord :;
 Sammanfattning : Background and Aim: Venous leg ulcer is a chronic condition characterized by a cyclical pattern of healing and recurrence leading to pain, disability, inactivity and reduced health. Physical activity is beneficial for venous circulation and general health, but knowledge is needed of determinants of physical activity and of possibilities for patients with leg ulcer to be physically active. LÄS MER


Skip deletion of user accounts that go out of scope in Microsoft Entra ID
By default, the Microsoft Entra provisioning engine soft deletes or disables users that go out of scope. However, for certain scenarios like Workday to AD User Inbound Provisioning, this behavior may not be the expected and you may want to override this default behavior.
This article describes how to use the Microsoft Graph API and the Microsoft Graph API explorer to set the flag SkipOutOfScopeDeletions that controls the processing of accounts that go out of scope.
 - If SkipOutOfScopeDeletions is set to 0 (false), accounts that go out of scope are disabled in the target.
 - If SkipOutOfScopeDeletions is set to 1 (true), accounts that go out of scope aren't disabled in the target. This flag is set at the Provisioning App level and can be configured using the Graph API.
Because this configuration is widely used with the Workday to Active Directory user provisioning app, the following steps include screenshots of the Workday application. However, the configuration can also be used with all other apps, such as ServiceNow, Salesforce, and Dropbox. To successfully complete this procedure, you must have first set up app provisioning for the app. Each app has its own configuration article. For example, to configure the Workday application, see Tutorial: Configure Workday to Microsoft Entra user provisioning. SkipOutOfScopeDeletions does not work for cross-tenant synchronization.
Step 1: Retrieve your Provisioning App Service Principal ID (Object ID)
Tip
Steps in this article may vary slightly based on the portal you start from.
 1. Sign in to the Microsoft Entra admin center as at least a Application Administrator.
 2. Browse to Identity > Applications > Enterprise applications.
 3. Select your application and go to Properties section of your provisioning app. In this example we are using Workday.
 4. Copy the GUID value in the Object ID field. This value is also called the ServicePrincipalId of your app and it's used in Graph Explorer operations.
 Screenshot of Workday App Service Principal ID.
Step 2: Sign into Microsoft Graph Explorer
 1. Launch Microsoft Graph Explorer
 2. Click on the "Sign-In with Microsoft" button and sign-in using Microsoft Entra Global Administrator or App Admin credentials.
 Screenshot of Microsoft Graph Explorer Sign-in.
 3. Upon successful sign-in, the user account details appear in the left-hand pane.
Step 3: Get existing app credentials and connectivity details
In the Microsoft Graph Explorer, run the following GET query replacing [servicePrincipalId] with the ServicePrincipalId extracted from the Step 1.
 GET _URL_
Screenshot of GET job query.
Copy the Response into a text file. It looks like the JSON text shown, with values highlighted in yellow specific to your deployment. Add the lines highlighted in green to the end and update the Workday connection password highlighted in blue.
Screenshot of GET job response.
Here's the JSON block to add to the mapping.
{
 "key": "SkipOutOfScopeDeletions",
 "value": "True"
}
Step 4: Update the secrets endpoint with the SkipOutOfScopeDeletions flag
In the Graph Explorer, run the command to update the secrets endpoint with the SkipOutOfScopeDeletions flag.
In the URL, replace [servicePrincipalId] with the ServicePrincipalId extracted from the Step 1.
 PUT _URL_
Copy the updated text from Step 3 into the "Request Body".
Screenshot of PUT request.
Click on "Run Query".
You should get the output as "Success – Status Code 204". If you receive an error, you may need to check that your account has Read/Write permissions for ServicePrincipalEndpoint. You can find this permission by clicking on the Modify permissions tab in Graph Explorer.
Screenshot of PUT response.
Step 5: Verify that out of scope users don't get disabled
You can test this flag results in expected behavior by updating your scoping rules to skip a specific user. In the example, we're excluding the employee with ID 21173 (who was earlier in scope) by adding a new scoping rule:
Screenshot that shows the "Add Scoping Filter" section with an example user highlighted.
In the next provisioning cycle, the Microsoft Entra provisioning service identifies that the user 21173 has gone out of scope. If the SkipOutOfScopeDeletions property is enabled, then the synchronization rule for that user displays a message as shown:
Screenshot of scoping example.


text: Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric analytical methodology widely used in efficiency measurement of decision making units (DMUs). Conventionally, after identifying the efficient frontier, each DMU is compared to this frontier and classified as efficient or inefficient. This thesis introduces the most productive scale size (MPSS), and antimost productive scale size (AMPSS), and proposes several models to calculate various distances between DMUs and both frontiers. Specifically, the distances considered in this paper include: (1) both the distance to MPSS and the distance to AMPSS, where the former reveals a unit's potential opportunity to become a best performer while the latter reveals its potential risk to become a worst performer, and (2) both the closest distance and the farthest distance to frontiers, which may proved different valuable benchmarking information for units. Subsequently, based on these distances, eight efficiency indices are introduced to rank DMUs. Due to different distances adopted in these indices, the efficiency of units can be evaluated from diverse perspectives with different indices employed. In addition, all units can be fully ranked by these indices.


text:
Theology students enrolled in the Master of Divinity (MDIV), Master of Arts in Social Change (MASC), and Master of Arts in Pastoral and Spiritual Care (MAPSC), will participate in a three phase program designed to promote personal and professional formation:
Psychological instruments are taken to assess fitness, competence, and readiness for ministry. Results are individually reviewed with each student by the Iliff Consultation and Guidance Center.
- Strong Interest Inventory (SII)
- Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
- California Psychological Inventory (CPI)
In Phase II, students develop a plan that addresses specific goals related to personal and professional growth. These plans are approved in conversation with the Iliff Consultation and Guidance Center and may include resources such as:
- Professional Workshops or Retreats
- Spiritual Formation
- Personalized Programs for Growth
Students implement and complete the plan they created in Phase II, providing written documentation of their experience.


Jump to: navigation, search
TASK_EVENT_FACT Tables
A task event provides detailed audit information about a task. The creation, update, hold, resumption, cancellation, and completion of each task in iWD Manager generates an audit event in the Interaction Server Event Log database. When a task is assigned to an iWD process, for example, an audit event record stores the date and time at which the event occurred to the I_TASK_EVENT_FACT table. Certain Interaction Server–generated events also are transformed into task event facts. You can see these events in the iWD Manager history view.
In the iWD Data Mart, you access task event facts through the following database objects:
 - I_TASK_EVENT_FACT—Intraday data table
 - H_TASK_EVENT_FACT—Historical data table
 - TASK_EVENT_FACT—Blended view of historical and intraday data
The dimensions that support the iWD task event fact tables and views are shown in the TASK_EVENT_FACT star schema below. The fields, data types, and descriptions of each column of the TASK_EVENT_FACT intraday and historical tables follow.
TASK_EVENT_FACT Star Schema
The I_/H_TASK_EVENT_FACT Tables
Field Data Type Description
ID bigint Primary key of this table.
TASK_EVENT_ID bigint Unique ID for the event.
SOLUTION_KEY int Key to the SOLUTION dimension, describing the solution instance of the task (as configured in iWD GAX Plug-in)—for example, Production versus Test. A solution is assigned as soon as a task is created in the Interaction Server database. A tenant can have more than one solution instance. This field, together with TASK_EVENT_ID, forms the primary key of this table.
CAPTURE_ID nvarchar(64) Capture ID for the task, assigned by the source system. This field is a core task attribute.
INTERACTION_ID nvarchar(64) Interaction ID. This field is unique within a single Interaction Server database.
TASK_EVENT_TYPE_KEY int Key to the TASK_EVENT_TYPE dimension. Event types are iWD event types, such as RULE_APPLIED. You can view event types in the task history in iWD Manager.
EVENT_DATE_KEY int Key to the EVENT_DATE dimension, identifying the date on which the event occurred.
EVENT_TIME_KEY int Key to the EVENT_TIME dimension, identifying the time at which the event occurred.
STATUS_KEY int Key to the STATUS dimension.
ACTIVATION_DATE_KEY int Key to the EVENT_DATE dimension, describing the activation date of the iWD task. Tasks can be submitted and not acted upon until this date.
ACTIVATION_TIME_KEY int Key to the EVENT_TIME dimension, describing the activation time of the iWD task.
DUE_DATE_KEY int Key to the EVENT_DATE dimension, describing the due date of the iWD task (as set by iWD rules or by the source system).
DUE_TIME_KEY int Key to the EVENT_TIME dimension, describing the due time of the iWD task.
BUSINESS_VALUE_KEY int Key to the BUSINESS_VALUE dimension.
PRIORITY_KEY int Key to the PRIORITY dimension.
ASSIGNED_AGENT_KEY int Key to the AGENT dimension, describing the agent to whom the task was assigned when the event record resulted in a task assignment to an agent.
RESULT_CODE_KEY int Key to the RESULT_CODE dimension when the event is an update of a result code from the agent or source system.
DEPARTMENT_KEY int Key to the DEPARTMENT dimension, describing the iWD department.
PROCESS_KEY int Key to the PROCESS dimension, describing the iWD process.
ENTERED_QUEUE_KEY int Key to the QUEUE dimension, describing the queue into which the task entered (for the DISTRIBUTE_WORKBIN and DISTRIBUTE_QUEUE event types).
ENTERED_QUEUE_TARGET_KEY int Key to the QUEUE_TARGET dimension, describing the agent, agent group, place, or place group to which the task was assigned in a new (entered) workbin (for the DISTRIBUTE_WORKBIN and DISTRIBUTE_QUEUE event types).
EXITED_QUEUE_KEY int Key to the QUEUE dimension, describing the queue from which the task exited (for DISTRIBUTE_WORKBIN and DISTRIBUTE_QUEUE event types).
EXITED_QUEUE_TARGET_KEY int Key to the QUEUE_TARGET dimension, describing the agent, agent group, place, or place group to which the task was assigned in a previous (exit) workbin (for the DISTRIBUTE_WORKBIN and DISTRIBUTE_QUEUE event types).
CUSTOM_DIM_KEY int Key to the CUSTOM_DIM dimension.
WORK_TIME_SEC int Number of seconds that the agent worked on the task.
HELD_TIME_SEC int Number of seconds that the task was in HELD state.
EVENT_INTERVAL int Time interval that is derived from the EVENT_DATE_KEY and EVENT_TIME_KEY fields. Used for ETL scripts.
CREATED_ETL_AUDIT_KEY int Key to the ETL_AUDIT dimension, identifying the ETL job that created this task event fact.
UPDATED_ETL_AUDIT_KEY int Key to the ETL_AUDIT dimension, identifying the ETL job that last updated this task event fact.
START_DATE_TIME_KEY int Key to the DATE_TIME dimension, identifying the 15-minute interval in which this record was created.
This page was last edited on March 19, 2019, at 19:57.
Feedback
Comment on this article:
blog comments powered by Disqus


text:
Drawn Together are featured in the 'Joined Up' exhibition in the Vault Gallery, 60-62 Church Street, Lancaster, LA1 1LH, from 27th November- 12th December. This exhibition, which is curated by Katrina Dainton and Michelle Fava, shows work by groups of artists from different disciplines who have created collaborative drawings together. See review here.
To create this work, the group devised a series of methods in which their drawing would be effected or restricted by the presence of the others. The resulting drawings are displayed as a unit of four. The drawings are held by nails so that they are on top of one another, but can still be seen in isolation and flicked through. For Drawn Together, this symbolises the four individuals who came together to create works that have collective authorship. They will be exploring and developing further methods of collaboration at the Centre for Drawing in Wimbledon in January 2010.
Drawn Together drawing together… devising a series of methods for collaborative drawing


text:
in the UK
The royal string band at the English Court had its origins in a six-man consort from Italy, brought to England by Henry VIII in the spring of 1540. Peter Holman's book charts the history of this institution from its beginnings to the time of Purcell. He considers the previous history of instrumentalists at court, the role of the court band in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and its influence on the dance music of the period. The establishment of the band at the English court is set in the context of the violin's place in Europe in the sixteenth century, as the author considers the origins of the instrument and discusses contemporary references to violin bands in court, town, and church. The development of the violin band is traced by reference to an immense amount of documentary information, much of it new. The first thorough treatment of this subject, Peter Holman's book will be welcomed for the new light it sheds on large areas of musical history.
Other books by this author See all titles
This book can be found in...
The prices displayed are for website purchases only, and may differ to the prices in Waterstones stores.


Kamus Online
suggested words
Hasil cari dari kata atau frase: Emergently (0.01426 detik)
Found 3 items, similar to Emergently.
English → Indonesian (quick) Definition: emergent muncul
English → English (WordNet) Definition: emergent emergent adj : coming into existence; "a nascent republic" [syn: emerging, nascent]
English → English (gcide) Definition: Emergently Emergent \E*mer"gent\, a. [L. emergens, p. pr. of emergere.] 1. Rising or emerging out of a fluid or anything that covers or conceals; issuing; coming to light. [1913 Webster] The mountains huge appear emergent. --Milton. [1913 Webster] 2. Suddenly appearing; arising unexpectedly; calling for prompt action; urgent. [1913 Webster] Protection granted in emergent danger. --Burke. [1913 Webster] Emergent year (Chron.), the epoch or date from which any people begin to compute their time or dates; as, the emergent year of Christendom is that of the birth of Christ; the emergent year of the United States is that of the declaration of their independence. -- E*mer"gent*ly, adv. -- E*mer"gent*ness, n. [R.] [1913 Webster]
Touch version | Disclaimer


text:
1U.O. di Neonatologia e T.I.N. del Policlinico Universitario di Bari
Chronic abdominal pain (caP) refers to pain that has been present continuously – or occurring at least on a weekly basis when intermittent – for a minimum period of 2 months. it is a description not a diagnosis, and can be due to a functional disorder or organic disease. a functional disorder is one in which symptoms of disease occur in the absence of objective evidence for an organic process. in the majority of cases, caP in childhood is due to a functional disorder. a detailed history should elicit the characteristics of the pain, precipitating and relieving factors, appetite, dietary intake, and stool history. in the well child with a normal examination and history typical of functional caP, investigation is usually unnecessary. However, the duration and severity of pain, its impact on daily life and the level of concern will temper this approach.


Posts tagged process
Managing Process Recordings in LiveCycle
0
Process Recordings are stored in the /GDS/audit/workflow/ directory.
By default, the maximum number of recordings that can be stored is set to 50.
The value for maximum number of recordings can be configured via Workbench:
---
Read the complete post at Adobe LiveCycle blog.
Solutions and the Application Context
0
Saket Agarwal
Solutions over ADEP have introduced the concept of an application context (aka app context), which can be seen as a unique identifier, that various server side modules use to identify the execution context (from the current execution thread) and process requests in context of that solution. For instance, when persisting content/assets onto the CRX repository, the platform's persistence module (official known as Platform Content) uses the current (invoking) app context to determine where to store the content/assets, and what configurations to use (which would typically be different for different solutions). See snapshot below, indicating the solution specific content areas.
Note that the storage location is /content/apps/cm for Correspondence Management, and /content/apps/icr for Integrated Content Review, which happen to be the app contexts for the two solutions.
Since it is essential for the server to identify the execution context, if you do not set or establish the application context before you make calls to the solution APIs, you will encounter a server error that says : "Unable to fetch application context". To set the app context, use one of the two methods:
App context in your Flex application
If you are invoking a solution API from a flex application, ensure that you set the app context using:
var appToken:AsyncToken = com.adobe.ep.ux.content.services.search.lccontent.LCCQueryServiceFactory.getInstance().setAppContextService("/content/apps/cm"); // setting app context for the CM solution
appToken.addResponder(new mx.rpc.Responder(<your success handler>, <your fault handler>));
App context in your Java application
If you are invoking a solution API from a java based application, ensure that you set the app context using:
com.adobe.livecycle.content.appcontext.AppContextManager.setCurrentAppContext("/content/apps/cm"); // setting app context for the CM solution

The app context concept is also used (or rather leveraged) in other scenarios such as driving solution specific Building Block (BB) configurations. Since a Building Block is meant to be reusable across solutions, it exposes certain configurations that can be different for different solutions. Hence, the BB needs to behave differently depending upon the context in which it is being used or invoked. Below is an example where the Data Dictionary BB is used by two solutions – CM and ICR – and has configurations specific to each solution, lying within the solution's specific app context - /apps/cm for CM and /apps/icr for ICR.
——-
Original article at _URL_
Updating a LiveCycle Process on a Live System
0
- Tai
Recently I have been seeing reports of stalled / failed processes, both short-lived and long-lived. It turns out that in some cases, the process developers were updating processes on their live systems without taking due precautions. The following post is to explain what is actually happening under the hood, and why you can't simply "hot change" a process.
A simple process
Imagine you have a process called MyNotify with two steps in it: a first task (not start point) AssignUser, and a second task SendEmail. Pretty straight forward.
You have deployed this process, and process instances are merrily being kicked off. Great. Now you realize that you don't want the AssignUser task; rather, you want a Workspace Start Point. Remove the AssignUser task, configure the Workspace Start Point to open the same form as you had in the now deletd AssignUser task. Save and deploy.
You may now start getting calls from your users saying their form submission never resulted in an email. Upon investigating, you will likely find errors saying that "Job ID could not be found for Job [...]".
Oh no. What happened?
Tasks not found
Let's wind back to where there were two steps. When a process instance is kicked off, what happens is that an entry in the database is made saying that process MyNotify has been kicked off by user "Alice" (for example), and it has been assigned to Alice, in the AssignUser task.
When Alice submits the form, LiveCycle goes to its database and checks the process – Alice just submitted the AssignUser step, so it checks MyNotify for an AssignUser step, and figures out what to do next from that.
If you have deleted the AssignUser task from MyNotify, LiveCycle will be unable to determine what to do next – and stall the process instance. Future instances should work fine (they are before the change point), anything that was at the SendEmail point in the process will be fine as well (they are after the change point). It is specifically process instances that are in a state that could be affected by the change that risk failure, and that will happen without possibility of roll-back or recuperation (bar performing some incantations in the database to recuperate the data, and then constructing some half-processes to mimick pre-change parts of the changed process, in the hope of pushing the data onwards — a lot of avoidable hassle, itself prone to failure).
Staying safe
It is understandable that you may think that if the process were modified, already-running processes would continue with the older version. This is not so, or at least, not in this scenario.
When kicking off a new process instance, LiveCycle does not automatically make a copy of the process to be followed should a new edit of the process come into existence. Maintaining a copy of all the configurations of a process for each instance created would cause extremely severe performance issues on the server, so a more de-coupled implementation serves best. The work of ensuring that a new copy of the process configuration is created is left up to the process developer.
Once a process is deployed, there are only two "safe" ways of updating the process.
Application Version
The first is to create a new Application version, and when all the new changes are made, deploy the new version.
 - All old instances will continue their course in the old version.
 - Workspace processes will kick off in the new version
 - Calls to the old version of the process will still call the old version
Once you have ascertained for sure that NO more processes from the old version are running, and that no applications rely on the old version, you can safely undeploy it from runtime, and delete it if you so wish.
When will references point to the new version automatically?
Having done this, all references to sub-processes inside the same application will be updated, as will all resources referenced relatively inside the application. For example, MyApplication/1.0/ProcessA can reference /FormA (in Assign User tasks for example) which means "the current application's version's FormA". A sub-process on the process-workflow convas will be referenced relatively if the sub-process is contained inside the same application.
When do you need to update references manually?
Take special heed however — processes and resources that do not reside in the same Application do not see their references updated — they are absolutely referenced. If MyApplication/1.0/ProcessA is upgraded, it will not change the references to, for example, OtherApplication/1.0/OtherProcess. Similarly, if we upgrade to OtherApplication/2.0/OtherProcess, then MyApplication/1.0/ProcessA will still point to OtherApplication/1.0/OtherProcess.
Finally, note that if you create a new version of an application, all resources and processes are copied over with it with new version numbers too, and any textual references to other resources remain the same. So if MyNotify/1.0/ProcessA has a variable referencing MyNotify/1.0/FormA, then MyNotify/2.0/ProcessA will also reference MyNotify/1.0/FormA ; the same goes for resources uch as XDPs, XSLTs, and any other resources stored in an Application. The reason for this is that these references are stored as "strings" (pieces of text) and Workbench cannot, upon creating a new version, differentiate what snippets of text all through the Application are versions to update, what versions should not be updated, and what strings do not actually contain versions at all.
Down time (clean "brute force" update)
The other way is to plan downtime.
 - Prevent people from kicking off new processes
 - Let all processes complete
 - … and only then deploy the new edit of the process
You could choose the second method to avoid having to update references to resources, but it would defeat the purpose of having this versioning at all and does, unavoidably, incur the overhead of a downtime.
——-
Original article at _URL_
LiveCycle ES2 Highlights – Property Sheet Enhace


the next time cron calls it.
$q = new SQSClient(AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, SQS_ENDPOINT, SQS_Q);
$nextMessage = $q->ReceiveMessage(1); if (count($nextMessage)){ foreach($nextMessage as $message){ $BUCKET = urldecode($message->Body); $handle = $message->ReceiptHandle; } //more here }
Now that you've successfully retrieved the message body (which contains the random string generated in the upload.php file), you can log in to Amazon SimpleDB:
$sd = new SimpleDb(AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY);
You can now loop through the available domains in Amazon SimpleDB, match against the one you created to hold the photo messages, and then look for an item key that matches the body you pulled out of the Amazon SQS message. After you find a match, save the attributes into an object called $attr.
$domains = $sd->listDomains();
 foreach ($domains->ListDomainsResult as $domains){
 foreach ($domains as $id => $d_name){
 if ($d_name == DOMAIN){
 $mydomain = $sd->query($d_name);

 foreach ($mydomain->QueryResult as $items){
 foreach ($items as $itemid => $_name){
 if ($_name == $BUCKET){
 $attr = $sd->getAttributes($d_name,$_name);
 }
 }
 }
 }

 }
}
It's now a simple process of looping through the $attr object and pulling out what you need to keep working: an email address, a task, and a file path. You already know which bucket to work with; it will match the value pulled out of the Amazon SQS body.
foreach ($attr->GetAttributesResult as $attribute){
 foreach ($attribute as $array){

 if ($array->Name == "email"){
 $EMAIL = $array->Value;
 }
 if ($array->Name == "path"){
 $OBJECT = $array->Value;
 }
 if ($array->Name == "task"){
 $TASK = $array->Value;
 }
 }
 }
The next steps involve logging into Amazon S3, downloading the file in question by using $OBJECT and $BUCKET, creating a thumbnail with a custom function, and uploading the thumbnail back to Amazon S3, overwriting the previously uploadedfile:
$s3 = new S3();
$s3->downloadObject($BUCKET,$OBJECT,"/tmp/".$OBJECT);
createthumb('/tmp/'.$OBJECT, '/tmp/thumb_'.$OBJECT, 100,100);
$upload = $s3->putObject( $BUCKET, $OBJECT, '/tmp/thumb_'.$OBJECT, true);
The createthumb() function is a simple function that takes four arguments: file to process, output file name, width of output file, and height of output file. The function makes use of GD image-manipulation tools and is adapted from Christian Heilmann's function available at _URL_
function createthumb($name,$filename,$new_w,$new_h){
 $system=explode('.',$name);
 if (preg_match('/jpg|jpeg/',$system[1])){
 $src_img=imagecreatefromjpeg($name);
 }
 if (preg_match('/png/',$system[1])){
 $src_img=imagecreatefrompng($name);
 }
 $old_x=imageSX($src_img);
 $old_y=imageSY($src_img);
 if ($old_x > $old_y) {
 $thumb_w=$new_w;
 $thumb_h=$old_y*($new_h/$old_x);
 }
 if ($old_x < $old_y) {
 $thumb_w=$old_x*($new_w/$old_y);
 $thumb_h=$new_h;
 }
 if ($old_x == $old_y) {
 $thumb_w=$new_w;
 $thumb_h=$new_h;
 }
 $dst_img=ImageCreateTrueColor($thumb_w,$thumb_h);
 imagecopyresampled($dst_img,$src_img,0,0,0,0,$thumb_w,$thumb_h,$old_x,$old_y);
 if (preg_match("/png/",$system[1])){
 imagepng($dst_img,$filename);
 } else {
 imagejpeg($dst_img,$filename);
 }
 imagedestroy($dst_img);
 imagedestroy($src_img);
 }
The next-to-last step in the process.php file sends the owner of the file an email. Inside that email is a URL that contains a link to a file called retrieve.php.
$URL = " _URL_
$to = $EMAIL;
$from = '_EMAIL_';
$subj = "Image thumbnail is ready!";
$msg = "Your file (". $OBJECT . ") is ready. Please go to:\r\n $URL\r\n to retrieve the image.\r\n";
mail($to, $subj,$msg, "From:$from\r\n");
The final steps in the process are to delete the Amazon SQS message that you just processed and close out the if(count()) branch.
 $q->DeleteMessage($handle);
}//end if(count($nextMessage))
Retrieving the Processed Files
The email sent to the owner of the file contains a URL that points to a file called retrieve.php. The only jobs that retrieve.php has is to take the incoming GET parameters for bucket and object, and to display the file in the browser.
Along the way, you're going to save the bucket and object information in a PHP SESSION so that you can safely reuse it on a cleanup page.
session_start();
require_once 'Crypt/HMAC.php';
require_once 'HTTP/Request.php';
require_once('class.s3.php');
require_once('simpledb.class.php');
define('DOMAIN','photo_jobs'); //sdb
define('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID', 'change-this');
define('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY', 'change-this-too');
$BUCKET = $_GET['b'];
$OBJECT = $_GET['o'];
//save in session for later cleanup use
$_SESSION['o'] = $OBJECT;
$_SESSION['b'] = $BUCKET;
$s3 = new S3();
$file = $s3->getObject($BUCKET,$OBJECT);
echo '';
echo "
Download the image to your desktop and then
finalize the clean-up process.";
After all is said and done, you can remove the bucket and object from Amazon S3 and the item from Amazon SimpleDB.
$sd = new SimpleDb(AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY);
$names = array('fullname', 'email', 'status', 'path', 'task');
$sd->deleteAttributes(DOMAIN,$BUCKET, $names);
Final Cleanup
When the user clicks the "finalize the clean-up process" link, the the cleanup.php file opens. This file pulls in two PHP SESSION variables (which hold values for bucket and object) and passes those values to functions that delete the object and bucket.
session_start();
require_once 'Crypt/HMAC.php';
require_once 'HTTP/Request.php';
require_once('class.s3.php');define('AW


text:
Teaching and coaching are two different occupational roles, and teachers who also coach have stressful work environments common to all educational settings, but each occupational role has specific stress and burnout problems. The responsibilities of physical education (PE) teachers and coaches are distinguishable from one another. These different roles and role conflicts may create stress among PE teachers who also coach. The history of physical education shows that there are contextual factors that promote PE teacher-coach role conflict. The aim of this paper is to analyse these contextual factors via using a literature review analysis and to provide suggestions about teacher-coach role conflict for school-based physical education in USA.
Financed by the National Centre for Research and Development under grant No. SP/I/1/77065/10 by the strategic scientific research and experimental development program:
SYNAT - "Interdisciplinary System for Interactive Scientific and Scientific-Technical Information".


Take the 2-minute tour ×
When reviewing my notes and Serre's book "Galois Cohomology" Chapter 5 dealing with non-abelian group cohomology, I realized that I don't fully understand the concept of biprincipal spaces such as a-(A,B)-space (defined in page 49).
I think that what Serre ment is that is a G-set P with two G-groups A and B such that:
$\forall p,q \in P : \exists! a \in A : q=a*p$
$\forall p,q \in P : \exists!b \in B : q=p*b$
$\forall p \in P, a \in A, b \in B: (a*p)*b=a*p*b=a*(p*b)$ (A and B action commutes)
Then he talks about composition of such spaces: if P is a (A,A')-space and Q is a (A',A'')-space then
$P \circ Q = P \times ^{A'}Q $
which he claims has a (A',A'')-space structure.
If so, for what is this composition is good for? Q is already a (A',A'')-space.
Serre defines $ P \times ^AF$ as follows: let A be a G-group, let P be a principal homogeneous space on which A acts from the right and F a G-set on which A acts from the left. Then it is a quotient space of $P \times F$ induced by the following equivalence relation: $ (p,f) \sim (p*a, a^{-1}*f) $ for all $a \in A$.
He uses the construction of biprincipal spaces and their compositions in several instances (instead of using the cocycles language), such as in the proof of Proposition 35 and in the construction of fibers for normal subgroup in page 52.
I wonder if there are some examples which I hope will give me a feel of this construction and another good text about it. Moreover, translation of this biprincipal spaces to a cocycles language,
given that $P \times ^AF \cong _a F$ by using a cocycle $a_s$ to twist F: $^s \prime f = a_s \cdot ^s f$ which can be defined for $p \in P$ by $ s \mapsto a_s \mbox{ such that } ^s p = p * a_s$ and the mapping $ f \mapsto [(p,f)]$ induces $P \times ^AF \cong _a F$,
would be helpful.
Thanks, Zachi
share|improve this question
You should get an $(A, A'')$-space structure on $P\circ Q$, not $(A',A'')$. – S. Carnahan Mar 4 '12 at 16:04
Yes, Carnahan, you are correct. I just proved that this is indeed a $(A,A'')$ space, so Serre wrote it wrong in its book. I overread this page several times and yes, Serre wrote $(A',A'')$ and that was the thing that confused me. I still will be happy to get and advice how to formulate this notion using cocycles (if it is possible). Thank you very much, Zachi – Zachi Evenor Mar 4 '12 at 17:00
1 Answer 1
This is all structured like a "bimodule" argument, and indeed like the construction of the tensor product in the general case. What is going on is that there is really only one group involved. But as it is acting on the left/right there is scope for talking about the group G and its "opposite", and just actions. (This is the attitude in category theory, naturally, where the old "contravariant functor" notion is better replaced by the idea of a functor from the opposite category.) That all being said by the way of Bourbakiste background, is this really so deep? You do have to read the notation properly, as has been said. The superscript in the definition of PoQ is the only place where anything happens. Each PHS is a single orbit of G, so it is really just at the level of orbit-stabiliser reasoning, I think.
share|improve this answer
After notinng the mistake in Serre's book (see comment in the question post), it is now more clear to me. However, I still trying to find an equivalent to these biprincipal spaces using cocycles $a_s$ of G in A and $b_s$ of G in B, if it is possible (I do not know). Zachi – Zachi Evenor Mar 4 '12 at 17:17
Try writing down some notation, then. Since the cocycle is not uniquely determined, you need to choose elements of P and Q and see why there is one orbit under ~, and describe it. – Charles Matthews Mar 5 '12 at 12:05
Your Answer


text:
Disruptive Behavior in the Classroom
(UNC-GA Policies for Students-Adopted by BOG October 26, 1970)
The instructor may withdraw a student from a course for behavior he deems to be disruptive to the class. The grade assigned will be "W" if the behavior occurs before the deadline for dropping a course without academic penalty, and the instructor has the option of giving a "W" or a "F" if the behavior occurs after the deadline.
I. Binding Procedures for Instructors
The instructor must provide an opportunity for the student to be heard. In providing this opportunity, the instructor must follow the procedure described below:
- The student should be notified in writing at the next class attended that the instructor proposes to drop the student from the course for disruption of the class, and the instructor should provide the student with written instructions regarding the time and place for a meeting with the instructor. A copy of this written notification must be sent to the instructor's department head at the same time.
- A time limit of five working days (M-F) from the time written notification is given for the student's opportunity to be heard by the instructor.
- The date of notification establishes whether the withdrawn student will be given a "W"or "F." "W" is appropriate before the published withdrawal deadline and either "W" or "F" is appropriate after that date, at the instructor's discretion.
- The instructor may suspend the student from class until the instructor takes final action to withdraw the student from class or to allow the student to continue in the class. The final decision to withdraw or continue the student is the instructor's.
- Either party in the resolution of this dispute may invite one other person of the university community to be present as an observer.
II. Students' Right to Appeal
If the student wishes to appeal the instructor's decision to withdraw the student from class, he/she should follow the academic appeal procedures outlined in the section on grading in the Undergraduate Bulletin.


A* Pathfinding Project 4.0.7
The A* Pathfinding Project for Unity 3D
 All Classes Namespaces Files Functions Variables Typedefs Enumerations Properties Events Macros Groups Pages
NavmeshAdd Class Reference
Adds new geometry to a recast graph. More...
Detailed Description
Adds new geometry to a recast graph.
This component will add new geometry to a recast graph similar to how a NavmeshCut component removes it.
There are quite a few limitations to this component though. This navmesh geometry will not be connected to the rest of the navmesh in the same tile unless very exactly positioned so that the triangles line up exactly. It will be connected to neighbouring tiles if positioned so that it lines up with the tile border.
This component has a few very specific use-cases. For example if you have a tiled recast graph this component could be used to add bridges in that world. You would create a NavmeshCut object cutting out a hole for the bridge. then add a NavmeshAdd object which fills that space. Make sure NavmeshCut.CutsAddedGeom is disabled on the NavmeshCut, otherwise it will cut away the NavmeshAdd object. Then you can add links between the added geometry and the rest of the world, preferably using NodeLink3.
Public Types
enum MeshType { Rectangle, CustomMesh }

Public Member Functions
override void ForceUpdate ()
 Forces this navmesh add to update the navmesh.

void GetMesh (ref Int3[] vbuffer, out int[] tbuffer, Pathfinding.Util.GraphTransform inverseTransform=null)
 Copy the mesh to the vertex and triangle buffers after the vertices have been transformed using the inverse of the inverseTransform parameter.

void RebuildMesh ()

override bool RequiresUpdate ()
 Returns true if this object has moved so much that it requires an update.

- Public Member Functions inherited from NavmeshClipper
 NavmeshClipper ()

Public Attributes
Vector3 center

Mesh mesh
 Custom mesh to use.

float meshScale = 1

Vector2 rectangleSize = new Vector2(1, 1)
 Size of the rectangle.

MeshType type

float updateDistance = 0.4f
 Distance between positions to require an update of the navmesh.

float updateRotationDistance = 10
 How many degrees rotation that is required for an update to the navmesh.

bool useRotationAndScale
 Includes rotation and scale in calculations.

Static Public Attributes
static readonly Color GizmoColor = new Color(94.0f/255, 239.0f/255, 37.0f/255)

Protected Member Functions
override void Awake ()

- Protected Member Functions inherited from NavmeshClipper
virtual void OnDisable ()

virtual void OnEnable ()

- Protected Member Functions inherited from VersionedMonoBehaviour
virtual int OnUpgradeSerializedData (int version)
 Handle serialization backwards compatibility.

Protected Attributes
Transform tr
 cached transform component

Package Functions
override Rect GetBounds (Pathfinding.Util.GraphTransform inverseTransform)
 Bounds in XZ space after transforming using the *inverse* transform of the inverseTransform parameter.

override void NotifyUpdated ()
 Internal method to notify the NavmeshAdd that it has just been used to update the navmesh.

Properties
Vector3 Center [get]

- Properties inherited from NavmeshClipper
static bool AnyEnableListeners [get]

Private Attributes
Vector3 lastPosition

Quaternion lastRotation

int[] tris
 Cached triangles.

Vector3[] verts
 Cached vertices.

Additional Inherited Members
- Static Public Member Functions inherited from NavmeshClipper
static void AddEnableCallback (System.Action< NavmeshClipper > onEnable, System.Action< NavmeshClipper > onDisable)

static void RemoveEnableCallback (System.Action< NavmeshClipper > onEnable, System.Action< NavmeshClipper > onDisable)

Member Enumeration Documentation
enum MeshType
Enumerator:
Rectangle
CustomMesh
Member Function Documentation
override void Awake ( )
protectedvirtual
Reimplemented from VersionedMonoBehaviour.
override void ForceUpdate ( )
virtual
Forces this navmesh add to update the navmesh.
Note
Dynamic updating requires a Tile Handler Helper somewhere in the scene. This update is not instant, it is done the next time the TileHandlerHelper checks this instance for if it needs updating.
See Also
TileHandlerHelper.ForceUpdate()
Implements NavmeshClipper.
override Rect GetBounds ( Pathfinding.Util.GraphTransform inverseTransform)
packagevirtual
Bounds in XZ space after transforming using the *inverse* transform of the inverseTransform parameter.
The transformation will typically transform the vertices to graph space and this is used to figure out which tiles the add intersects.
Implements NavmeshClipper.
void GetMesh ( ref Int3[] vbuffer,
out int[] tbuffer,
Pathfinding.Util.GraphTransform inverseTransform = null
)
Copy the mesh to the vertex and triangle buffers after the vertices have been transformed using the inverse of the inverseTransform parameter.
Parameters
vbufferAssumed to be either null or an array which has a length of zero or a power of two. If this mesh has more vertices than can fit in the buffer then the buffer will be pooled using Pathfinding.Util.ArrayPool.Release and a new sufficiently large buffer will be taken from the pool.
tbufferThis will be set to the internal triangle buffer. You must not modify this array.
inverseTransformAll vertices will be transformed using the Pathfinding.GraphTransform.InverseTransform method. This is typically used to transform from world space to graph space.
override void NotifyUpdated ( )
packagevirtual
Internal method to notify the NavmeshAdd that it has just been used to update the navmesh.
Implements NavmeshClipper.
void RebuildMesh ( )
override bool RequiresUpdate ( )
virtual
Returns true if this object has moved so much that it requires an update.
When an update to the navmesh has been done, call NotifyUpdated to be able to get relavant output from this method again.
Implements NavmeshClipper.
Member Data Documentation
Vector3 center
readonly Color GizmoColor = new Color(94.0f/255, 239.0f/255, 37.0f/255)
static
Vector3 lastPosition
private
Quaternion lastRotation
private
Mesh mesh
Custom mesh to use.
The contour(s) of the mesh will be extracted. If you get the "max perturbations" error when cutting with this, check the normals on the mesh. They should all point in the same direction. Try flipping them if that does not help.
float meshScale = 1
Vector2 rectangleSize = new Vector2(1, 1)
Size of the rectangle.
Transform tr
protected
cached transform component
int [] tris
private
Cached triangles.
MeshType type
float updateDistance = 0.4f
Distance between positions to require an update of the navmesh.
A smaller distance gives better accuracy, but requires more updates when moving the object over time, so it is often slower.
Note
Dynamic updating requires a TileHandlerHelper somewhere in the scene.
float updateRotationDistance = 10
How many degrees rotation that is required for an update to the navmesh.
Should be between 0 and 180.
Note
Dynamic updating requires a Tile Handler Helper somewhere in the scene.
bool useRotationAndScale
Includes rotation and scale in calculations.
This is slower since a lot more matrix multiplications are needed but gives more flexibility.
Vector3 [] verts
private
Cached vertices.
Property Documentation
Vector3 Center
get
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


text:
عنوان مقاله [English]
Past studies have shown that dam-foundation rock interaction has significant effects on dynamic response of concrete dams. Moreover, several methods have been presented to investigate this subject such as, boundary element approach or the combination of boundary element and finite element procedures. Most of these methods are relatively complicated. Therefore, in the present study, a new computer program has been developed with a simplified approach. In this program, the dam body and foundation rock are modeled by three-dimensional finite element method. The results obtained by the present method (i.e., FE-FE approach) are very similar to the results published by previous complicated methods. Furthermore, this program is able to also utilize damping solvent extraction method. Therefore, the effects of damping solvent extracting on increasing convergence rate for dynamic response of concrete gravity dams has also been studied.


transactions: if a snoop transaction returns data, the same data must be returned to the master that requested the data through its read data channel.
 - Sequencing transactions: transactions that access the same location have specific sequencing requirements by the Interconnect. This will be dealt with in detail in the next post in this series.
In this post, we have described the testing strategy and the key aspects of coherent transaction testing. In the next post, we will focus on some of the details of the specification relative to accesses to overlapping addresses.
Authored by Ray Varghese


text:
- PPI-PACE is an online tool developed by eTrenchless Group Inc. that follows the design procedures in well-established
and accepted water standards (ANSI/AWWA C150/151, ANSI/AWWA C900, ANSI/AWWA C901, ANSI/AWWA C905, ANSI/AWWA C906,
- Per the recent AWWA and ANSI approvals of AWWA C906-15, the Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS) of PE4710 is 1000 psi.
- Users can change the default values per project requirements.
- For Recurring Surge, PPI-PACE defaults to 4 fps for design velocity; the software allows for a 4-8 fps range.
- For Occasional Surge, PPI-PACE defaults to 8 fps for design velocity; the software allows for a 5-15 fps range.
- For Working Pressure, PPI-PACE defaults to 70 psi - which is the average working pressure in the US. The minimum allowable value in PPI-PACE is 40 psi.
- For Anticipated Recurring Surges, PPI-PACE defaults to 55 cycles (the minimum) per day per AWWA C900-07 and AWWA C905-10 (Appendix B/Design Example); this results in about 1 million cycles for a 50-year design life and about 2 million cycles for a 100-year design life. It was recommended by one consultant to design for 3.5 million cycles or 96 cycles per day at a 100-year design life. The minimum allowable value in PPI-PACE is the default 55 cycles/day.
- For Temperature, PPI-PACE defaults to 57°F which is the average water temperature in the US; the software allows 40-100°F; consult the manufacturer for other temperatures.
- For Minimum Design Life, PPI-PACE defaults to 100 years; the software allows a minimum recommended design life of 50 years.
- For Help, refer to Resistance of PE4710 Piping to Pressure Surge Events in Force Main Applications, PP XVI, Barcelona, 2012 and to UK Water Industry IGN 4-37-02 Design Against Surge and Fatigue Conditions for Thermoplastic Pipes
- The definition of pressure rating and pressure class differ between the implemented standards (AWWA C900, AWWA C905, AWWA C906, ASTM F714, ASTM D2241). The calculations on this site, provided by eTrenchless Inc., provide an unbiased interpretation of these standards so that an equivalent comparison of pipe materials can be conducted.
- Temperature derating factors for PE pipe in AWWA-M55 are limited to 100°F with a reference to manufacturers literature for temperatures greater than 100°F. ASTM F714 (PE) and AWWA-M23 (PVC) publishes temperature derating factors up to 140°F but these higher temperatures are not included in this design tool.
The design fatigue life for PVC is determined using the calculation method stated in AWWA C900 and C905 Appendix B using a 2:1 design factor. Data from tests with PE 4710 pipe are consistent with the UKWIR and Marshall/Brogden reports; see above reference and link to PP XVI Barcelona, 2012. For PE the design fatigue life is determined using fatigue curves provided in Marshall, G.P., Brogden, S: Final report of Pipeline Innovation Contract to UKWIR, 1997 using a 2:1 design factor.
For additional information on fatigue life and flow velocities see the Jana Laboratories report here. The design fatigue life of Ductile Iron (DI) pipe is not shown in PPI-PACE since these calculations are not available or referenced in the DI AWWA Standards or Manuals.
- Pressure rating should be reduced for systems operating under special or unusual conditions or where the pipe transports fluids that are known to have some degrading effect on the properties of polyethylene or where specified in Codes or Regulations or by the authority having jurisdiction. Water is the assumed transport fluid on PPI-PACE.
- Occasional transients caused by emergency pump and valve operations are usually severe. The system should be designed to withstand positive and negative pressures caused by these emergency operations. Water column separation may occur if the negative pressure is reduced to the vapor pressure of the liquid. Rejoining of the separated water column typically results in a large pressure rise, which will possibly damage the pipe system. Whenever possible, water column separation should be avoided
- These are preliminary calculations for product comparison only, not for final design. Qualified professionals should be contracted to consider all aspects of the design for pressure pipe design.
For more information contact _EMAIL_


text:
DCT-OFDM tabanlı görünür ışık haberleşmesi
Type : Conference paper
Publication Status : published
Access : restrictedAccess
Visible light communication (VLC) is a short-range wireless transmission technique in which light emitting diodes (LEDs) are used as data transmitters. Because of non-coherent characteristics of LEDs, only intensity can be used in transmission, therefore, the signal driven to LEDs should be real valued and non-negative. The output of inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) process in conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is complex-valued. In VLC systems, to make the output of IDFT block real valued, Hermitian symmetry is applied at the input. This reduces spectral efficiency to half. In this paper, to prevent the decrease in spectral efficiency of VLC systems, discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based OFDM structure with real valued outputs is proposed. The error rate performance of the proposed system is compared with DFTbased OFDM system over indoor realistic VLC channel models.
Source : Signal Processing and Communication Application Conference (SIU), 2016 24th
Date : 2016
Share this page


text:
Cilium simplify the integration between your Kubernetes environments with your existing network infrastructure.
Integrate your Kubernetes cluster with your existing network
Do I need yet another tool?
- BGP is the common networking protocol for data center connectivity but is not natively integrated in Kubernetes.
- Connecting your Kubernetes clusters to your legacy environment would require configuring and managing yet another tool.
- With Pods constantly changing IPs, we need a mechanism to automatically advertise Pod IP ranges and Service IPs outside of the cluster.
BGP with Cilium
- Inter-connect your legacy environment with your Cilium-managed environment using Cilium's integrated BGP support.
- Peer with IPv4 or IPv6 neighbors.
- Pod CIDRs are automatically advertised to BGP neighbors.
- Integrate seamlessly with your Top of Rack devices over BGP.
As Kubernetes becomes more pervasive in on-premise environments, users increasingly have both traditional applications and Cloud Native applications in their environments.
In order to connect them together and allow outside access, a mechanism to integrate Kubernetes and the existing network infrastructure running BGP is needed.
Cilium offers native support for BGP, exposing Kubernetes to the outside and all the while simplifying users' deployments.
In addition, Cilium offers a eBPF-powered standalone load balancer that can replace commercial load-balancer while its Egress Gateway feature enables users to implement pre-determined firewall rules for their Kubernetes-hosted applications.
- Connectivity to existing on-prem infrastructure to expose Kubernetes-based applications
- CAPEX reduction: users can replace their expensive legacy load-balancers with a high-performance Cilium standalone load-balancer
IPv4 and IPv6 support
With Cilium 1.12, BGP is now IPv6 capable! You can peer with IPv6 peers and advertise IPv6 Pod CIDRs.
1--- 2apiVersion: "_URL_" 3kind: CiliumBGPPeeringPolicy 4metadata: 5 name: rack0 6spec: 7 nodeSelector: 8 matchLabels: 9 rack: rack0 10 virtualRouters: 11 - localASN: 65010 12 exportPodCIDR: true 13 neighbors: 14 - peerAddress: "10.0.0.1/32" 15 peerASN: 65010 16
Intuitive and simple integration
By applying a simple CiliumBGPPeeringPolicy manifest, you can establish a BGP peering session to your Top of Rack (ToR) switches and connect to your existing on-premises infrastructure.
In this video, Senior Technical Marketing Engineer Nico Vibert walks through BGP enhancements in Cilium 1.12, with the integration with GoBGP. This new version also introduces support for BGP over IPv6.
IKEA Solution Highlight
"We're using BGP within our data center. It gives us is a lot of flexibility, scalability and redundancy.
[With Cilium], it's quite simple to connect your Kubernetes network to your BGP environment.
-- Karsten Nielsen, Senior Systems Engineer,
IKEA Retail (Ingka Group)
Want to learn more?
There is plenty more material available if you'd like to learn more.
Start a Lab
Step through our interactive labs in a sandbox environment.Start a Lab
Engage with the Isovalent sales team to assess an enterprise-grade deployment of Cilium.Contact Sales
Request a Demo
Request a personalized live demo with an Isovalent Cilium Enterprise expert.Request a Demo


pymatgen.analysis.elasticity.stress module
This module provides the Stress class used to create, manipulate, and calculate relevant properties of the stress tensor.
class Stress[source]
Bases: pymatgen.core.tensors.SquareTensor
This class extends SquareTensor as a representation of the stress
Create a Stress object. Note that the constructor uses __new__ rather than __init__ according to the standard method of subclassing numpy ndarrays.
Parameters
stress_matrix (3x3 array-like) – the 3x3 array-like representing the stress
dev_principal_invariants
returns the principal invariants of the deviatoric stress tensor, which is calculated by finding the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of the stress tensor minus the identity times the mean stress
deviator_stress
returns the deviatoric component of the stress
mean_stress
returns the mean stress
piola_kirchoff_1(def_grad)[source]
calculates the first Piola-Kirchoff stress
Parameters
def_grad (3x3 array-like) – deformation gradient tensor
piola_kirchoff_2(def_grad)[source]
calculates the second Piola-Kirchoff stress
Parameters
def_grad (3x3 array-like) – rate of deformation tensor
symbol = 's'
von_mises
returns the von mises stress


Social Distancing at the Polls
Safety at the polls has always been a number one priority. This election season, however, protecting polling staff and voters from exposure from the global pandemic COVID-19 is a safety challenge no one would have predicted a year ago. With November 3rd less than 6 weeks away, now is the time to start implementing an electoral preparedness plan for safe voting at the polls.
Why Social Distancing at the Polls is Necessary
On November 3rd, millions of Americans will head to their respective polling stations, walk inside and cast their vote. All it takes for COVID-19 to spread is for one infected person to spread their germs to others, whether it be through physical contact, contaminated surfaces, or breathing in airborne particles. This increased risk of exposure must be met with the right social distancing and sanitary measures. Knowing what it means to social distance and the importance of following social distancing guidelines will be an integral part of creating safe and healthy polling stations across the country.
Encourage Social Distancing At The Polls
The CDC wasted no time offering considerations for creating safe election polling locations in regards to COVID-19. From scattered voting periods to reduce the number of voters at polling locations, to hygiene and social distancing supplies, here's a list of strongly recommended safety and sanitary precautions polling locations all over the country can implement.
Poll Worker Education
Knowledge is power, and having the right knowledge for preventing the spread of COVID-19 will be invaluable to your poll workers this election. Plan and prepare for poll workers to stay home if they don't feel well, or if they've recently come in contact with someone who has COVID-19. Be sure to have adequate staff on standby. Let your staff know the CDC criteria for returning to work if they've either been sick with COVID-19, have been in recent contact with a person with COVID-19, or have tested positive for COVID-19.
Promote Healthy Behaviors
Promote healthy behaviors like mask wearing, handwashing and proper hygiene for poll workers and voters alike. More than likely, proper handwashing won't be an option at most polling stations. Instead, place hand sanitizer stations filled with sanitizer composed of (at least) 60% alcohol at every entry, exit and voting station.
Wall, window and door signs posted in highly visible locations at entry points and throughout polling locations remind voters to mask up and maintain a social distance of at least six feet upon entering the building. Informational signs put out by the CDC help spread truthful information about the spread of germs and COVID-19 while reducing the spread of disinformation.
Sneeze guards provide an effortless protective barrier between poll workers and voters who must be in the same room. For the best protection, be sure to follow sneeze guard requirements and height regulations when placing sneeze guards at voting booths areas where poll workers and voters must interact. Section off socially distanced voting boots or seating areas with social distancing fixture strips designed to restrict specific areas from general use.
Shop our complete selection of polling station social distancing signage and sneeze guards
Maintain a Healthy Environment
Disinfect areas within the voting location frequently touched by poll workers and voters. The voting machine, for instance, should be disinfected after every use according to the equipment manufacturer's instructions. Encourage poll workers to wash their hands often and always cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. Provide poll workers adequate tissues, face coverings, paper towels and hand sanitizer they can use when hand washing is not readily available.
Replace frequently touched supplies like pens, pencils and ballot activation cards. If voters with disabilities require headphones, replace or disinfect between each use. Use touch-free trash cans and place disinfectant wipes around polling locations for easy access. Wipe down door knobs and other frequently touched surfaces as much as possible. If possible, restrict the use of restrooms for voters and routinely disinfect and clean restrooms for poll workers to safely use.
Proper air circulation is extremely important. Be sure your ventilation systems are operating as they should and allow the circulation of outdoor air as much as possible while still maintaining a safe and secure polling location.
Implement a crowd and line management system to keep lines and loitering to a minimum. Social distancing floor signs with "stand here" or "one way" messages make it easy for voters to maintain an appropriate social distance and guide them on the right path into and out of the voting location.
Stagger or Prolong Voting Periods
Limit the number of voters you allow in and outside of the voting location by staggering voting times, increasing the hours your polling location is open, offering a drive-up voting option (if allowed in your jurisdiction) or encouraging voters to visit your location at off-peak times. Increase the distance between voting booths and ensure there is sufficient space for social distancing with the set number of voters and workers you're allowing into the location at one time. As always, ensure the social distancing restrictions in place do not limit the ability to vote for disabled or at-risk voters.
The polls will look different this year than in years past. For this reason, we recommend reminding voters in advance the new changes, procedures and precautions put in place to keep them safe and healthy this election. Encourage them to bring their own pens and confirm their voter registration information is correct prior to coming to the polling location. With the right safety protocols for polling stations in place we all can play a part of stopping the spread of COVID-19 at the polls.
Amy Servi
Recommended for you


text:
Between July 18- 22, two instructors from NATO's Deployable Command and Control Centre (DACCC) based in Poggio Renatico, Italy, supported Control and Reporting Centre Markiz in Bulgaria in providing eight students with the academic and practical knowledge that will enable them to control air-to-air refueling (AAR). The prerequisite for effective AAR operations is a pool of trained and professional staff. The nature of AAR requires individuals to be trained and familiar with the ways tankers and receivers operate together and with the ability to deal with all of the challenges faced when combining Alliance tanker resources into a coherent, executable plan. AAR enables a rapid response, an increase in range and extended airborne operations for a wide variety of military aircraft.
"The DACCC mission is to conduct command and control (C2) training and exercises for the NATO Command Structure, the NATO Force Structure and Partners Nations; as such our support to Bulgaria shows the cohesion of the Alliance and our operational capabilities in our standing tasks of Air C2 across the entire spectrum of planning and controlling. We in DACCC as 'Centre of Excellence' for Air Command and Control, both within NATO and Partner Nations, look to the future of how we do this in a multi-domain battlespace with regular and irregular threats" said Major General Denny Traas, Commander of DACCC.
DACCC run the Specialized Heavy Air Refueling Course in garrison two times per year. The two week course provides NATO and Partner Nations fundamental AAR knowledge and offers students practical knowledge tailored towards operating as AAR staff officers, making them ready to support Allied Air Command's Joint Force Air Component exercises or real-world missions. The DACCC provides a capability for deployable air surveillance and control of Alliance Air Operations. Its mission is to prepare elements for worldwide operational deployment and, together with the Combined Air Operations Centres, to deliver well-trained and specialised experts to augment Allied Air Command during Allied operations and exercises.


text:
Meet the Authors
Written by Kristi Eddy, a Vice Principal and Mrs. California 2017, "Beauty Is" reflects the importance of crushing beauty standards while raising educational standards. This rhyming picture book takes readers on an adventure to "find" beauty where it matters most. Overcoming the pressure of beauty norms faced by girls of color is at the heart of the story and every page teaches the timeless lesson that beauty is undefined. In an age where looks are filtered and complexion is still colorized, "Beauty Is" inspires children see that beauty lies within us all.
ALA Unit/Subunit: ALA, UNO
Meeting Type: Meet the Authors
Cost: Included with full conference and exhibits only registration.


text:
We disclose a strategy for Ni-catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization of olefins in styrenes by intercepting Heck C(sp3)-NiX intermediates with arylzinc reagents. This approach utilizes a readily removable imine as a coordinating group that plays a dual role of intercepting oxidative addition species derived from aryl halides and triflates to promote Heck carbometalation and stabilizing the Heck C(sp3)-NiX intermediates as transient metallacycles to suppress β-hydride elimination and facilitate transmetalation/reductive elimination steps. This method affords diversely substituted 1,1,2-triarylethyl products that occur as structural motifs in various natural products.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Chemistry
- Colloid and Surface Chemistry


@article{oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00003610, author = {蟻川, 謙太郎 and ARIKAWA, Kentaro}, issue = {11}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Journal of Comparative Physiology A}, month = {Nov}, note = {This review outlines our recent studies on the spectral organization of butterfly compound eyes, with emphasis on the Japanese yellow swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus, which is the most extensively studied species. Papilio has color vision when searching for nectar among flowers, and their compound eyes are furnished with six distinct classes of spectral receptors (UV, violet, blue, green, red, broadband). The compound eyes consist of many ommatidia, each containing nine photoreceptor cells. How are the six classes of spectral receptors arranged in the ommatidia? By studying their electrophysiology, histology, and molecular biology, it was found that the Papilio ommatidia can be divided into three types according to the combination of spectral receptors they contain. Different types of ommatidia are distributed randomly over the retina. Histologically, the heterogeneity appeared to be related to red or yellow pigmentation around the rhabdom. A subset of red-pigmented ommatidia contains 3-hydroxyretinol in the distal portion, fluorescing under UV epi-illumination. The red, yellow and fluorescing pigments all play crucial roles in determining the spectral sensitivities of receptors. Spectral heterogeneity and random array of ommatidia have also been found in other lepidopteran species. Similarities and differences between species are also discussed.}, pages = {791--800}, title = {Spectral organization of the eye of a butterfly, Papilio}, volume = {189}, year = {2003} }


text:
Mar 06, 2013— read in full
How did Bronze Age soldiers fight? How did they build their houses? Experimental archaeology has the answers!
Have you ever wondered how archaeologists can describe the way an ancient people made or used a particular artefact? The answer lies in what is called experimental archaeology which involves the re-creation and testing of physical artefacts, such as making an old bow and arrow to see how it would have been used. A number of prehistoric buildings, for example, have been rebuilt to allow archaeologists to study the techniques of building and the processes of decay.
Proving a point
One of the most famous experiments to date is Heyerdahl's Kon-Tiki expedition. Heyerdahl's theory concerned the colonisation of parts of Polynesia. Polynesia is a collection of islands situated between New Zealand and South America. Most archaeologists at the time believed that Polynesian people had come from Southeast Asia, but Heyerdahl believed that the people came from America, despite the journey from America being longer and more difficult.
To give his theory some credibility, Heyerdahl decided to experiment. Records showed that in 1526, a Spanish expedition had encountered a large balsa raft far out into the sea. The Spaniards had made a very detailed description of the craft. In 1950, Heyerdahl constructed a raft using the same basic materials and set-up. His craft made the 6900-km journey from the western coast of South America to the Tuamotu Islands. Some of the superficial features such as the cabin and masts were destroyed by the waves, but most of the cargo and all of the crew made it safely. This experiment didn't change everyone's thinking on the origin of the inhabitants of Polynesia, but it showed that it was possible.
Leather vs metal
One of the oddest experiments concerned shields. In 1963 two swords, a metal shield and a leather shield were made to resemble as closely as possible Late Bronze Age English weapons. Then two respectable archaeologists each equipped himself with one of the shields and a sword and started fighting. Fortunately it was a very short fight as the metal shield was cut and slashed into pieces by the first blows while the leather shield stood repeated heavy blows. The conclusion was that the metal shields were not suitable for actual physical conflict. Who said archaeology was boring?


1. Forum
 2. >
 3. Topic: Duolingo
 4. >
 5. Is French the longest tree?
Is French the longest tree?
It seems like French is the longest tree. All of my other ones are shorter.
May 17, 2017
I think Norwegian is the longest, followed by German.
I think the Italian tree is actually longer if we're talking about the number of lessons. I started both tress at about the same time and I've only done one brand new lesson per day in each language. At that pace it has taken about a year to get through the courses. I already finished the French tree about a month ago. I only have two lessons left in my Italian tree and will be done by tomorrow.
So, I think the Italian tree is longer than the French tree right now. I don't know if any other language trees are longer.
I'm guessing you're talking about the number of skills taught rather than words or lessons?
French: 78
Spanish: 61
Danish: 70
English: (Unsure) - What language are you learning from by the way?
Esperanto: 44
Swedish: 66
Irish: 64
So you were right. Out of the ones you're doing French is the longest. And while Esperanto was the shortest tree created so far, that record has now been broken by Japanese with 40 skills.
Found it out using this: _URL_
Hope that was useful.
I'm learning English from French.
The Ukrainian tree is fairly short, but I believe Esperanto is the shortest.
Esperanto (tomorrow Japanese) has the least skills but Turkish (tomorrow Japanese) has the least lessons.
Is there a discussion with the number of skills and lessons each course has (including ones for non-english speakers possibly)?
Thanks! Do you know any that show the number of words taught by each course?
German is the longest in lessons, but in words, Norwegian is the longest. (I think)


text: The performance brought together leading practitioners from Australia (Damien Kingston, Tom Robb, Alethea Coombe, Wendy Morrow), The Netherlands (Frank Van de Ven) and New Zealand (Mike Hornblow) to showcased new approaches to multidisciplinary free improvisation in an innovative format. The output included a performance event comprised of solo performances, duo performances pairing musicians and dancers, trio performances presenting performers from each discipline separately and a culminating ensemble performance featuring three musicians and three dancers freely improvising together. Afterwards, a panel comprising all involved discussed the improvisations and fielded questions from the audience. Performances utilised various improvisatory approaches including body weather dance, no-input mixing, prepared instruments and extended instrumental techniques. The format of the performances utilised innovative approaches to multidisciplinary arts practice. These were the first artistic meetings of each of the artists, no rehearsal or previous performances had taken place between any artists from the different disciplines.


The Making of the First Korean President
Lew-Making1stKoreanPresThe only full-scale history of Syngman Rhee's early career in English was published nearly six decades ago. Now, Young Ick Lew uncovers little-known aspects of Rhee's leadership roles prior to 1948, when he became the Republic of Korea's first president. In The Making of the First Korean President: Syngman Rhee's Quest for Independence, 1875–1948, Lew delves into Rhee's background, investigates his abortive diplomatic missions, and explains how and why he was impeached as the head of the Korean Provisional Government in 1925. He analyzes the numerous personal conflicts between Rhee and other prominent Korean leaders, including some close friends and supporters who eventually denounced him as an autocrat.
Based on exhaustive research that incorporates archival records as well as secondary sources in Korean, English, and Japanese, The Making of the First Korean President meticulously lays out the key developments of Rhee's pre-presidential career. This richly illustrated volume is essential reading for anyone with an interest in modern Korean history and will serve as a lasting portrait of one of the pivotal figures in the evolution of Korea as it journeyed from colonial suppression to freedom and security.
November 2013 | ISBN: 978-0-8248-3168-4 | $68.00 | Cloth