Utility to Build VB Class to Match SQL Stored Procedures
What is SP2VB?
SP2VB (Stored Proc To VB Class) is a Visual Basic utility that will create the class module code
necessary to execute SQL Server Stored Procs with an ADO Command object. In addition to preparing
the necessary ADO calls, the utility uses the SQLDMO and SQLNS libraries to query your SQL Server
for the names and parameters of all the Stored Procs in your database.
Why the Need for this Utility?
 - I hate to type!
 - I make mistakes when I type!
 - Typing long lists of parameters is boring!
What more need be said?
Executing a SQL Server Stored Proc from MS Access or from an ASP page is relatively trivial,
but either way, you have to deal with the sometimes long list of input and output parameters.
Even when parameters are few, you still want to keep your code consistent accross your entire
application, employing a common naming scheme and including at least simple error handling.
Boring? Sometimes! But very necessary and always beneficial.
Accordingly, I came up with a plan to automate the task — a simple code generator. The pages
that follow will explain (at relatively high level) what the utility does and how you might
modify the code to meet your specific needs. As usual, the source code is available for
download so that you can test out the utility and adapt it as you please.
Before we get into the code itself, here's a screen shot of the main form. When we are finished,
the tool will be able to perform the following functions:
 1. Connect to any SQL Server Database
 2. Optionally filter out System Stored Procs (Prefixed with dt_ or sp_)
 3. Optionally process only one user-specified procedure
 4. Assign the Data Type that the Function returns (Long or ADO Recordset)
 5. Display results so user can cut and paste into VB Class module
Future enhancements to this utility could include the following
 1. Automatically output results to VB Class Module
 2. Generate corresponding ASP Class Method execution code
 3. Automatically determine proper Data Type for Function return value
Page 2: Code the Utility
Danny Lesandrini
Danny Lesandrini
Danny J. Lesandrini currently works as the IT Director for Pharmatech Oncology Inc. at _URL_ He holds Microsoft Certifications in Access, Visual Basic and SQL Server and has been programming with Microsoft development tools since 1995.
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Saturday, July 21, 2018
Home » Flowstone Workshop » Flowstone Workshop 18
Flowstone Workshop 18
Flowstone-HeaderVOICE RECOGNITION Command Your Robot!
FLOWSTONE WORKSHOP 18-6FLOWSTONE WORKSHOP 18-7It wasn't that long ago that voice recognition was a pipe dream. But now that advances in processing power have made this technology almost commonplace with most smart phones incorporating some form of voice recognition built in, how can we use this to command our robots?
FLOWSTONE WORKSHOP 18-9
One option is to determine a way to attach an Android smart phone to the robot and then write an Android application to transmit the instruction signals from the phone to the robot hardware. Another way would be to use dedicated hardware which is surprisingly accessible and lost cost.
The benefit of being able to use a phone system is that the voice recognition applications in phones are pre-programmed to recognize words spoken in English from any- one… provided they speak clearly. The hard- ware systems that are available today, generally, are limited to recognizing a single voice and need to be trained to recognize the need- ed word and phrase commands. Hardware solutions can also be less robust given that another person will have difficulty initiating verbal commands effectively and variances in background noise can reduce the chances of recognition dramatically. An advantage to using hardware is that you can use any language or even make up your own words!
THE HARDWARE
We opted for the hardware solution and decided to use a Voice Recognition Click board from Mikroelektronika connected to our own FlowPaw hardware. The VR Click board comes with a nice PC application which records your own voice and assigns an ID to each command. When the board recognizes a command it sends a serial ID to the FlowPaw board which in-turn sends it back to the PC via FlowStone so you can make decisions on what to do with it. The VR Click board can process up to 200 voice commands which should be enough for most applications.
PLUG & PLAY
The MikroElektronika system is quite easy to use, the board is connected to the PC via USB, the recording application lets you hit "record" to say your sentence and it automatically assigns the sentence an ID. Set the serial mode plug into your FlowPaw board and you're ready to start working in FlowStone. From here you connect the soft- ware equivalent of the Voice Recognition board to the FlowPaw module and you're off. Each time you say a pre-programmed word the board detects it and outputs its unique ID (phrase, 1,2,3,4 etc.). Now the fun starts – what can you command?
FLOWSTONE WORKSHOP 18-8
YOUR WISH IS MY COMMAND
Once in the FlowStone environment the VR IDs can be used to trigger just about any- thing, one of the first things we did was us the IDs to turn on some LEDs on a screen, Red, Yellow, Green, etc. but then we started to get creative. One fun project was to pro- gram the names of music tracks and command Spotify using their unique track URLs, but before long we had it mounted on our FlowPaw rover with the idea to drive it around using voice commands!
FLOWSTONE WORKSHOP 18-10COME ON ROVER!
One of the special things about the FlowPaw/FlowStone combination is that if you use the Bluetooth wireless Claw module, your robotics hardware is free to roam but still have all of the main processing happen on the PC via telemetry. The big advantage of this is that you can leave your robot hardware on the floor and concentrate on developing your code in real-time on the fly on the PC. This saves hours when programming as there is no code/compile/download/test cycle.
EXAMPLE
Imagine we want our Rover to advance for 1 second on a voice command. We could pro- gram the VR Click to recognize "Forward One" and let's say the output id assigned is '01' in FlowStone. We would then need to code "if id = 01 turn on both wheel motors for one second". We could do this in one of two ways: 1) using a FlowStone Equals module and a Timed Pulse module to select a motor value of 999 using the Select module, Or 2) using the Ruby code module where we could code the decision and use an event timer. Both work equally well so the choice is up to the programmer. We can see how building up each command to output different values a robot command system can become quite sophisticated. And we can, of course, combine any combination of decoding to control a range of actions/activities. If you happen to have an X10 home automation control box, you can even turn the lights and TV on and off, etc.
CONCLUSION
Getting hardware voice recognition capability into a robot is now a reality and it is surprisingly easy to use thanks to a new breed of Voice Recognition chips. In this project we were able to get things going in a matter of minutes and working with Voice Recognition connected to and controlling various pieces of hardware is great fun as well as educational. There can be limitations like single voice and sensitivity to background noise but on the whole it proves to be quite reliable and consistent.
Links
DSP Robotics, dsprobotics.com
Mikroelektronika, mikroe.com


text:
Assume that the world economy consists of two countries
Question Background: Assume that the world economy consists of two countries: Russia and Byelorussia. Each country can produce tomatoes and potatoes. Russia can produce 1000 tons of tomatoes or 3000 tons of potatoes or any linear combination of tomatoes and potatoes that satisfies potatoes+3×tomatoes=3000. Byelorussia can produce 1000 tons of tomatoes or 1000 tons of or any linear combination of tomatoes and potatoes that satisfies potatoes+tomatoes=1000. Countries can freely trade with each other.
There are three specific questions that I'm unclear on and would like a more detailed solution to. These detailed solutions would preferably be a written explanation (possibly accompanied by a graph):
c) (2 points) If the equilibrium price of tomatoes is $600/ton, what is the minimum and maximum
possible prices of potatoes?
Answer: min = $200 max = $600
d) (3 points) Assume people in both countries eat the same dish that requires the equal amount of
tomatoes and potatoes to prepare. What will be the Russia's GDP if the equilibrium price of tomatoes is
Answer: World production: T=P=1500, price of potatos=$200; Russia produces 1500tons of potatoes and 500
tons of tomatoes. Thus, GDP=1500*200+$500*600=$600,000
e) (3 points) Given the same information as in question (d) above, how many tons of potatoes will be
consumed in Russia?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The hydraulic transportation of thickened sludges
Industries which pump sludges are under continuous pressure to decrease water content, and increase concentration. Environmentally
superior disposal techniques are demanding that such sludges have high mechanical strength properties. This results in a sludge with an increasing viscous character. At high concentration, the viscous forces – which are usually highly non-Newtonian
and yield stress in nature – become dominant, and flows inevitably become laminar.
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the effect and evaluate the impact that increasing non-Newtonian viscous stresses – particularly yield stress – have on the pipelining problem. An industrially relevant sludge pipe flow study is presented, demonstrating and quantifying the relationship between sludge rheology and flow regime. It is argued that laminar flow will result in settlable solids accumulating on the pipe invert, leading to pipe blockage. Although some practical remedies have been proposed, this problem requires urgent and focussed research..
Water SA Vol. 30 (5) 2005: pp.66-68


text:
Can diamond cut titanium?
- FAQ. Those who are looking for an answer to the question «Can diamond cut titanium?» often ask the following questions
- 1 other answer
- Your answer
- 24 Related questions
Those who are looking for an answer to the question «Can diamond cut titanium?» often ask the following questions:
👉 Diamond or titanium?
Diamonds are harder then titanium. Hardness is measured on a Mohs Scale. Diamond is the hardest at 10.0 vs. titanium is at 6.0 It is important to note that Mohs scale is a not a linear scale.
- Is diamond harder than titanium?
- Is diamond stronger than titanium?
- Is titanium expensive than diamond?
👉 Can titanium cut diamond?
Only diamond can cut diamond.
- Is titanium stronger than a diamond?
- What is stronger titanium or diamond?
- Is diamond is much stronger than titanium?
👉 Can diamond cut titanium steel?
Yes, a diamond tipped tool can cut through titanium steel.
- Is the hardest material diamond or titanium?
- Question: is titanium stronger than a diamond?
- Quick answer: is titanium stronger than diamond?
1 other answer
We've handpicked 24 related questions for you, similar to «Can diamond cut titanium?» so you can surely find the answer!
Which is more expensive titanium or diamond?
You can purchase raw titanium for probably less than US$30/Kg, whereas for a cut diamond weighing one carat or .20 grammes, you can spend US$2,000-$8,000.
Which is stronger titanium or diamond bar?
It is hard to say, but diamonds are the most powerful tool of all. A diamond is as hard as steel, and has an extremely high tensile strength. Titanium, on the other …
Which is stronger titanium or diamond crystal?
Diamond strength is ~60 GPa (it seems like a diamond is somewhat stronger…) Titanium hardness is 36 Rockwell C Diamond hardness is 98.07 Rockwell C
Quick answer: is titanium stronger than a diamond?
Is steel stronger than diamond? Actually Titanium is not stronger nor harder than a good grade steel, the only advantage it has over steel is the fact it is a much lighter metal with similar to steel qualities. Though it doesn't even come close to a Diamond in strength or hardness. But a diamond is SIX times harder than Topaz.
What happens when you mix diamond with titanium?
It goes ker-splode
Which is stronger titanium or diamond engagement ring?
Platinum is incredibly resistant to wear and tear. The metal is extremely strong and will both hold stones securely and be resistant to scratches. This durability promotes longevity and is what sets platinum apart from other metals. Titanium is also incredibly strong, durable, and scratch-resistant.
Which is stronger tungsten or titanium or diamond?
Diamond is the hardest natural mineral. Your question implies strength, not hardness. Strength implies molecular cohesion. You could devise an experiment to pull a diamond apart, but it would be a nearly impossible experiment, because anything you attach to a diamond would not be strong enough to effectively pull the diamond apart.
Can a titanium pair of scissors break a diamond?
A titanium pair of scissors would not be able to cut a diamond in half. Diamonds are the 'hardest' mineral known.
Titanium vs. diamond showdown! what is the stronger substance?
The Metal Mindset Episode 3This week we look into which is stronger? Titanium or Diamond? Among many other metal facts about Titanium and what kind of metal...
Diamonds to titanium?
Hello, everyone I recently noticed that Diamond plating can be deconstructed into Titanium. It takes 5 diamonds and a Solenoid to make one diamond plate. But, if you put that plate into your crafting table, it will give you 5 titanium, which means that if you have enough diamonds, you never will...
Titanium jewelry bracelets?
USWEL Pure Titanium Bracelet for Women Crystal Magnetic Bracelet Pain Relief for Arthritis and Carpal Tunnel Migraines Tennis Elbow 20 $30 90 ($30.90/Count)
Titanium jewelry crosses?
Titanium Cross Necklaces There is nothing like the inimitable beauty of a titanium cross necklace. All of the titanium cross necklaces in our collection are specially designed with an opening at the top of the cross to fit the chain through. This provides a clean and modern look, and also keeps the titanium chain from tangling during wear.
Can diamonds cut titanium?
Can tungsten or titanium scratch or even cut diamond? Diamond can easily scratch titanium and titanium alloys. Titanium and its alloys are middle-density, middle-strength, middle-hardness materials that have a really, really good PR department.
Does titanium jewelry rust?
Do titanium rings rust or tarnish? Titanium does not rust, rather it develops a titanium oxide coating. The coating creates a dull grey color while keeping the integrity of the metal's smooth surface.
Does titanium jewelry tarnish?
Titanium does not tarnish. It might get some scratches from everyday wear and tear of if you subject it to heavy-duty stuff, but that can be quickly sorted with refining procedure to remove them. After, the titanium jewelry will be looking good as new. When left to age, titanium rings get a beautiful patina that looks close to a satin finish.
Is titanium jewelry expensive?
Well it depends upon the designs and size of titanium jewellery. So here we can say titanium jewellery is not much expensive that you imagine.
Is titanium jewelry real?
Titanium-Jewelry.com has collected 493 reviews with an average score of 4.83. There are 484 customers that Titanium-Jewelry.com, rating them as excellent.
What cleans titanium jewelry?
Anodized titanium jewelry has been through a chemical process to change the color of the metal. Anodized titanium jewelry should be cleaned only with warm, soapy water. Titanium rings that have not been anodized can also be cleaned simply with soap and warm water.
What is titanium jewelry?
Titanium Jewelry - Rings, Bracelets, Necklaces & More! 1. What color is titanium? Titanium is a light-weight and strong metal is ranges from gray to silver in color. Polished... 2. Does titanium come in different colors? Titanium is a reactive metal that can be anodized in different colors by... 3…
Who buys titanium jewelry?
In 2002, I opened Titanium-Jewelry.com to focus on titanium rings and wedding bands. Many younger men wanted something other than the old boring white or yellow gold wedding band. They wanted something different, modern, unique and most jewelers were not meeting their needs. So my passion for contemporary jewelry began.
Will jewelry titanium combust?
safety guidelines for titanium in hyperbaric medicine, we recommend the following preventive measures: 1. Breakable titanium and titanium alloy items in-cluding eyeglasses and jewelry should not be per-mitted in a hyperbaric
Will titanium jewelry tarnish?
I'm here to tell you that this is not true. It only depends on the alloy content. Nonetheless, it's not every day that the gold will tarnish. Does titanium tarnish? In the jewelry world, one of the metals that people are buying a lot of today is titanium, and it's all for good reasons.
Are diamond rings limited to gold, silver and platinum bands, or can i buy a diamond titanium ring?
Titanium diamond rings, while more rare than gold, silver and platinum, are available at certain jewelers.
Are titanium rings good quality?
Titanium is a more resistant material, it doesn't rust and it weighs a lot less than gold in any of its variants. Titanium rings are difficult to scratch and bend out of shape, therefore perfect for those who are afraid of damaging their rings.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The Horizontal Array is a system designed to measure in near real-time the displacements along the vertical direction. It can be used for example in the monitoring of differential settlements of a structure or a road embankment or embankment or can be installed on a bridge deck to monitor the arrow over time.
It consists of a sequence of IP69 nodes including a base for fixing, joined by a Kevlar cable and a four-pole signal cable. Each node contains a high-resolution MEMS 3D sensor and a thermometer.
The number of measurement sensors, the spacing and the length of the instrument can be defined according to the project requirements.
The Horizontal Array instrument can be managed by G802, G301 controllers or any other Datalogger compatible with the RS485 Modbus RTU protocol.
The Horizontal Array instrument is versatile and designed to be installed in different ways. For example, it can be buried under a structure or during the construction of an embankment to identify differential settlements at the desired height or it can be installed directly in contact with the monitored structure.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Knowing the distance between the nodes, the position in space of the sensors calculated using the data recorded by MEMS, through special algorithms it is possible to identify the relative position of the instrument in space and consequently the displacements of the slope.
- Easily installable
- Flexible and lightweight
- Resilient and suitable for long term monitoring
- Automatic alerting based on multi-level and multi-parameter thresholds or on the inverse velocity criterion


What Are Swedish Showers?
You likely are familiar with the standard shower that uses one shower head to deliver a constant stream of water. Other types of showers are also available, including the Swedish shower. A Swedish shower is also called a Swiss Shower and use multiple water jets for hydrotherapy.
Swedish showers use multiple water jets.
A Swedish shower has a shower head at the top, similar to any other type of shower setup, but that's where the similarities come to an end. Swedish showers also have jets located all around the shower, usually four rows of four jets. These 16 jets provide the user with 360 degrees of shower jets.
True Swedish showers are designed to fluctuate between cold and hot water to assist in circulation. The two temperatures alternate for several seconds at a time. These types of showers are most often seen in spa environments. The temperatures in a Swedish shower range from 45 to 105 degrees Fahrenheit, which can be dangerous for people with high blood pressure or women who are pregnant.
Swedish showers are most often used for hydrotherapy in spas, using their pressure to relieve sore muscles and aid in circulation. In addition, the constant temperature fluctuations of the Swedish shower's water cause the capillaries in the skin to contract and dilate, which also increases blood circulation in the skin.
Many home shower manufacturers provide different shower models that resemble Swedish showers and include the 16 water jets along the walls of the shower. Homeowners can enjoy Swedish showers at home, but should discuss what they want out of their showers with their installers or the manufacturers. Not all Swedish showers will provide the same pressure and temperature benefits as the Swedish showers found in spas do, as some merely have extra jets and are not programmed to fluctuate in temperature or pressure.


text:
Create Aliases to Rename Members in the View
You can create aliases (alternate names) for members in a dimension so that their labels appear differently in the view.
Aliases can be created for the members of discrete dimensions only. They cannot be created for continuous dimensions, dates, or measures.
Create an alias
In the Data pane, right-click a dimension and select Aliases.
Tip: If Aliases does not appear in the dialog, verify that you are not connected to a published data source and the field you are trying to alias is a discrete dimension.
In the Edit Aliases dialog box, under Value (Alias), select a member and enter a new name.
Tip: To reset the member names back to their original names, click Clear Aliases.
To save your changes:
- In Tableau Desktop, click OK.
- On Tableau Server or Tableau Cloud, click the X icon in the top-right corner of the dialog box.
When you add the field to the view, the alias names appear as labels in the view. For example,
When the Alias option is not available
Measures can't be re-aliased
Tableau does not permit re-aliasing measures as this would involve modifying data values themselves. If you have a field in your data that contains values such as 0 and 1 but actually encodes information such as no and yes, Tableau will interpret this as a continuous measure. You can convert it to a discrete dimension and then re-alias the values. For more information about discrete vs continuous and dimensions vs measures, see:
- Dimensions and Measures, Blue and Green
- Convert a Measure to a Dimension
- Convert Fields between Discrete and Continuous
Published data sources
Alternatively, the Alias option may be missing for a discrete dimension because you are connected to a published data source. When using a published data source, you cannot create or edit aliases. You can only change aliases on fields that you create in your workbook. If you didn't publish the data source, you can duplicate the field (right click > Duplicate) and edit aliases for the duplicate field without restriction.


text:
David Griffiths, Timothy Goddard and Mi Wang: Why has IMS LD not led to the advances which were hoped for?
Cloud created by:
5 October 2011
The publication of the IMS Learning Design (LD) specification in 2003 led to high hopes that the specification would lead to advances both in formalising the description of learning designs and patterns, and also of extending the range of possible learning designs which could be implemented with technological support. Today, however, there is no evidence that it has achieved anything approaching widespread adoption within the education sector. This study seeks to identify the reasons for this, and the lessons which can be learned for future research into learning designs and patterns. We describe how data is currently being gathered in the form of interviews with leading participants in IMS LD research, and how this will be analysed in order to identify hypotheses which can clarify the history of the specification in the form of proposed explanatory mechanisms. The results of this process will be presented at the ASLD workshop. Subsequently an open process will be carried out to contrast these hypotheses with evidence in the existing literature, and to develop conclusions regarding the lessons for future research into learning design and pedagogic patterns.


text:
ESTIMATED READING TIME – 1:40
Learning goals for this aptitude
– Understand why diagnosis is important to talent optimization.
– Be able to list and describe the three actions associated with the diagnose aptitude.
– Use the associated maturity model to identify an organization's level of maturity for the diagnose aptitude.
Diagnose is part one of the four-part talent optimization framework. This is where you'll measure critical people data, analyze that data in the context of your business, and prescribe remedies as needed.
Why diagnosis is important to talent optimization
Consider how a medical doctor uses reliable lab results to measure a person's overall health, evaluates the data in the context of any problems, and acts to correct any issues. A talent optimizer employs a similar methodology. Best practice for a business is to identify potential problems proactively by diagnosing preventatively; this is what smart organizations do. But there will always be gaps between what you think will happen and what actually happens. This is why companies often diagnose in response to problems (e.g., "not meeting sales goals" or "high turnover.")
Diagnose is a method for pinpointing the root cause of gaps—your underlying people problems—and making strategic changes or changes to day-to-day execution. The insights you uncover in diagnose typically point back to the other three aptitudes of talent optimization: design, hire, and inspire. Businesses that collect and analyze their people data and then make necessary adjustments proactively will enjoy a more productive and engaged workforce; instead of letting problems build up and fester, addressing them quickly shows employees they care.


Configuration
How to configure gqlgen using gqlgen.yml
[edit]
gqlgen can be configured using a gqlgen.yml file, by default it will be loaded from the current directory, or any parent directory.
Example:
# You can pass a single schema file
schema: schema.graphql
# Or multiple files
schema:
 - schema.graphql
 - user.graphql
# Or you can use globs
schema:
 - "*.graphql"
# Or globs from a root directory
schema:
 - "schema/**/*.graphql"
# Let gqlgen know where to put the generated server
exec:
 filename: graph/generated/generated.go
 package: generated
# Let gqlgen know where to put the generated models (if any)
# Set to null to disable
model:
 filename: models/generated.go
 package: models
# Optional, turns on resolver stub generation
resolver:
 filename: resolver.go # where to write them
 type: Resolver # what's the resolver root implementation type called?
# Optional, turns on binding to field names by tag provided
struct_tag: json
# Optional, set to true if you prefer []Thing over []*Thing
omit_slice_element_pointers: false
# Optional, set to speed up generation time by not performing a final validation pass
skip_validation: true
# Instead of listing out every model like below, you can automatically bind to any matching types
# within the given path by using 'model: User' or 'model: models.User'. EXPERIMENTAL in v0.9.1
autobind:
 - github.com/my/app/models
# Tell gqlgen about any existing models you want to reuse for
# graphql. These normally come from the db or a remote api.
models:
 User:
 model: models.User # can use short paths when the package is listed in autobind
 Todo:
 model: github.com/my/app/models.Todo # or full paths if you need to go elsewhere
 fields:
 id:
 resolver: true # force a resolver to be generated
 fieldName: todoId # bind to a different go field name
 # model also accepts multiple backing go types. When mapping onto structs
 # any of these types can be used, the first one is used as the default for
 # resolver args.
 ID:
 model:
 - github.com/99designs/gqlgen/graphql.IntID
 - github.com/99designs/gqlgen/graphql.ID
Everything has defaults, so add things as you need.
Inline config with directives
gqlgen ships with some builtin directives that make it a little easier to manage wiring.
To start using them you first need to define them:
directive @goModel(model: String, models: [String!]) on OBJECT
 | INPUT_OBJECT
 | SCALAR
 | ENUM
 | INTERFACE
 | UNION
directive @goField(forceResolver: Boolean, name: String) on INPUT_FIELD_DEFINITION
 | FIELD_DEFINITION
Here be dragons
gqlgen doesnt currently support user-configurable directives for SCALAR, ENUM, INTERFACE or UNION. This only works for internal directives. You can track the progress here
Now you can use these directives when defining types in your schema:
type User @goModel(model: "github.com/my/app/models.User") {
 id: ID! @goField(name: "todoId")
 name: String! @goField(forceResolver: true)
}


text:
|Music of Italy|
|Media and performance|
|Music media||Music media in Italy|
|Nationalistic and patriotic songs|
|National anthem||"Il Canto degli Italiani"|
Tarantella (Italian pronunciation: [taranˈtɛlla]) is a group of various folk dances characterized by a fast upbeat tempo, usually in 6
8 time (sometimes 18
8 or 4
4), accompanied by tambourines. It is among the most recognized forms of traditional southern Italian music. The specific dance-name varies with every region, for instance tammurriata in Campania, pizzica in the Salento region, Sonu a ballu in Calabria. Tarantella is popular in Southern Italy and Argentina.
In the Italian province of Taranto, Apulia, the bite of a locally common type of wolf spider, named "tarantula" after the region, was popularly believed to be highly poisonous and to lead to a hysterical condition known as tarantism. This became known as the Tarantella. R. Lowe Thompson proposed that the dance is a survival from a "Dianic or Dionysiac cult", driven underground. John Compton later proposed that the Roman Senate had suppressed these ancient Bacchanalian rites. In 186 BC the tarantella went underground, reappearing under the guise of emergency therapy for bite victims.
Courtship vs tarantism dances
The stately courtship tarantella danced by a couple or couples, short in duration, is graceful and elegant and features characteristic music. On the other hand, the supposedly curative or symptomatic tarantella was danced solo by a victim of a Lycosa tarantula spider bite (not to be confused with what is commonly known as a tarantula today); it was agitated in character, lasted for hours or even up to days, and featured characteristic music. However, other forms of the dance were and still are couple dances (not necessarily a couple of different sexes) usually either mimicking courtship or a sword fight. The confusion appears to arrive from the fact that the spiders, the condition, its sufferers ('tarantolati'), and the dances all have similar names to the city of Taranto.
The dance originated in the Apulia region, and spread throughout the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The Neapolitan tarantella is a courtship dance performed by couples whose "rhythms, melodies, gestures, and accompanying songs are quite distinct" featuring faster more cheerful music. Its origins may further lie in "a fifteenth-century fusion between the Spanish Fandango and the Moresque 'ballo di sfessartia'." The "magico-religious" tarantella is a solo dance performed supposedly to cure through perspiration the delirium and contortions attributed to the bite of a spider at harvest (summer) time. The dance was later applied as a supposed cure for the behavior of neurotic women ('Carnevaletto delle donne').
The tarantella is a dance in which the dancer and the drum player constantly try to upstage each other by playing faster or dancing longer than the other, subsequently tiring one person out first.
Tarantism, as a ritual, has roots in the ancient Greek myths. Reportedly, victims who had collapsed or were convulsing would begin to dance with appropriate music and be revived as if a tarantula had bitten them. The music used to treat dancing mania appears to be similar to that used in the case of tarantism though little is known about either. Justus Hecker (1795–1850), describes in his work Epidemics of the Middle Ages:
A convulsion infuriated the human frame [...]. Entire communities of people would join hands, dance, leap, scream, and shake for hours [...]. Music appeared to be the only means of combating the strange epidemic [...] lively, shrill tunes, played on trumpets and fifes, excited the dancers; soft, calm harmonies, graduated from fast to slow, high to low, prove efficacious for the cure.
The music used against spider bites featured drums and clarinets, was matched to the pace of the victim, and is only weakly connected to its later depiction in the tarantellas of Chopin, Liszt, Rossini, and Heller.
While most serious proponents speculated as to the direct physical benefits of the dancing rather than the power of the music a mid-18th century medical textbook gets the prevailing story backwards describing that tarantulas will be compelled to dance by violin music. It was thought that the Lycosa tarantula wolf spider had lent the name "tarantula" to an unrelated family of spiders, having been the species associated with Taranto, but since L. tarantula is not inherently deadly, the highly venomous Mediterranean black widow, Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, may have been the species originally associated with Taranto's manual grain harvest.
The Balanchine ballet Tarantella is set to the Grande Tarantelle for Piano and Orchestra, Op. 67 (ca. 1866) by Louis Moreau Gottschalk, reconstructed and orchestrated by Hershy Kay. The profusion of steps and the quick changes of direction that this brief but explosive pas de deux requires typify the ways in which Balanchine expanded the traditional vocabulary of classical dance.
- Benjamin Britten wrote a tarantella as the third and final movement of his Sinfonietta, Op. 1.
- Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco wrote a Tarantella for solo guitar, Op. 87b.
- Frédéric Chopin wrote a Tarantelle in A-flat, Op. 43 with the characteristic 6
8 time signature. It was inspired specifically by Rossini's's song "La Danza".
- John Corigliano wrote a Tarantella as the fourth movement of his Gazebo Dances.
- Claude Debussy wrote a piece called "Danse (Tarantelle styrienne)."
- Leopold Godowsky transcribed Chopin's Etude Op. 10, No. 5 "Black Key" into a tarantella for the piano.
- Helmut Lachenmann's twelfth movement of Tanzsuite mit Deutschlandlied (1979–80) is Tarantelle.
- Franz Liszt composed a piece called "Tarantella, Venezia e Napoli" (No. 3 from Années de pèlerinage, 2nd Year: Italy), which is in a rapid tempo in 6
- Felix Mendelssohn wrote a piece called "Tarantella" in 1845 (Op. 102, No. 3). The final movement of his Symphony No. 4 "Italian" is in the form of a tarantella.
- Santiago de Murcia, a baroque Spanish composer and guitarist, wrote a tarantella for guitar.
- Albert Pieczonka, a pianist and composer who performed in Prussia, England, and the United States wrote a popular piano composition titled Tarantella in A minor.
- David Popper wrote a piece called Tarantella, Op. 33, written in 6
- The fourth of Sergei Prokofiev's twelve easy pieces for piano—Musique d'Enfants, Op. 65—is a Tarantella.
- Sergei Rachmaninoff's Suite No. 2 for Two Pianos, Op. 17, features a tarantella for its finale.
- Gioachino Rossini's song "La Danza" is a Neapolitan tarantella.
- Camille Saint-Saëns composed Tarantella, Op. 6 in A minor for flute, clarinet and orchestra, or for flute, clarinet and piano. He also transcribed this piece for two pianos.
- The last movement of the Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor by Camille Saint-Saëns is a tarantella.
- Gaspar Sanz wrote a tarantella.
- Pablo de Sarasate composed an Introduction and Tarantella for violin.
- Franz Schubert's Death and the Maiden Quartet uses a tarantella in the frenetic fourth movement.
- Franz Schubert's Piano Sonata in C minor, last movement, is a tarantella/rondo.
- The fourth movement of Schubert's Symphony No. 3 is also a tarantella, but following the Sonata form.
- Allan Small wrote Tarantella in A minor for piano.
- William Henry Squire wrote a tarantella for cello in D minor.
- The fifth movement of Igor Stravinsky's Suite italienne is a tarantella.
- Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Capriccio Italien ends in a frenzied variation of a tarantella. Also, one of his Pas de Deux in The Nutcracker features a tarantella.
- Mark-Anthony Turnage composed a violin concerto entitled Mambo, Blues and Tarantella in 2007.
- Henryk Wieniawski composed a well-known violin piece called Scherzo-Tarantella, Op. 16.
- Tarantella for Piano and Orchestra was composed by American composer Michael Glenn Williams for pianist Sean Chen.
- The last movement of Malcolm Williamson's Sinfonietta (1965) is a tarantella.
- Mily Balakirev has a Tarantella in B major.
- Karol Szymanowski wrote a Nocturne and Tarantella for violin and piano.
- A


RF-ADC Decimation Filters (Gen 3/DFE) - 2.6 English
Zynq UltraScale+ RFSoC RF Data Converter Gen 1/2/3/DFE LogiCORE IP Product Guide (PG269)
Document ID
PG269
Release Date
2022-10-21
Version
2.6 English
The following diagram shows the decimation stages in Gen 3/DFE devices.
Figure 1. Decimation Filters Hierarchy (Gen 3/DFE)
There are four stages of decimation filters cascaded; each decimation stage can be bypassed independently. The FIR1 stage contains 3 decimation filters—FIR1a (2x), FIR1b (3x), and FIR1c (5x)—only one of them can be enabled for a specified configuration. The FIR2, FIR3, and FIR4 blocks all have a decimation factor of 2. Using a combination of filters the following shows all possible decimation factors:
1x (bypass), 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 8x, 10x, 12x, 16x, 20x, 24x, 40x
Note: The signal flow direction of the DDC is: FIR4->FIR3->FIR2->FIR1.
The IP configuration and driver API choose the high order FIR combinations automatically. For example, FIR2 and FIR1a are chosen for a 4x decimation.


Is there a form for reporting travel expenses?
Yes. The form is intended to help you claim your travel expenses. If your research institution requires you to use forms that are comparable in terms of content or even better suited to the specific travel activity for the project, you can continue to use these forms. However, the FWF project number must appear on this form.
Statement of travel expenses (pdf, 1.10MB)
What information must always be provided when reporting travel expenses?
The statements must clearly identify who travelled where, when and for what purpose. If this is not clear from the research institution's detailed list of expenses for projects conducted at university research institutions according to the Universities Act 2002 (UG 2002), additional information must be included with the statement (additional list by the principal investigator).
How do I find out how to calculate the travel expenses?
Please ask the finance/human resources department of your research institution for projects running at a research institution subject to the Universities Act 2002 (UG 2002).
Otherwise, the following applies (based on the federal regulations governing travel costs (RGV)):
The domestic rates of the RGV are:
Per diem allowance: €26.40 per day (Rate I), €19.80 per day (Rate II)
Overnight accommodation rate: €15.00
Rate I is used for trips lasting less than 30 days, and Rate II is used for trips starting on day 31.
The per diem allowances for international travel expenses can be downloaded as a PDF document.
Please pay attention to the following breakdown of the rate levels for work-related international travel:
Rate level 1: Non-academic staff
Rate level 2a: Mag./Dr./DI/research grant recipients
Rate level 2b: Academic title: Univ.-Ass./Univ.-Doz.
Rate level 3: Academic title: Univ.-Prof.
Federal Law Gazette on International Travel Rates (pdf, 102KB)
The kilometre allowance rates are:
Kilometre allowance: €0.42
Additional amount for passengers involved in the project: €0.05
The amounts apply for domestic and international travel. The audit department usually does not accept the kilometre allowance for trips along main railway routes but rather the analogous costs of a second-class train ticket.
Please be aware that no additional costs (such as motorway tolls, motorway tax stickers, parking fees, petrol receipts) may be counted towards your travel expenses. All costs incurred are covered by the lump sum paid per kilometre. Even in the case of small amounts, any expenses mistakenly submitted twice will be reclaimed by the FWF Audit department.
back to overview


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Our social fondness for Chinese takeaway is profound. So deep that you may locate a Chinese restaurant or two even in the smallest of villages. And the cuisinesavory, fulfilling, and rich with many textures and flavorsis always ready in a matter of minutes!
Chow fun and chow mein are two of the most popular meals on Chinese restaurant menus, yet they are often confused or mistaken for one another. That's understandable! Apart from their titles sounding identical, both dishes look similar, particularly when wrapped into those lovely little Chinese takeaway containers.
Be assured, chow mein and chow fun are separate foods, both worth trying for different reasons. Let's get started!
- Chinese Food Comes to America
- Similarities Between Chow Fun & Chow Mein
- Differences Between Chow Fun vs. Chow Mein
- Other Chinese Noodle Dishes:
- Chow Fun & Chow Mein: Other FAQs
- Chow Mein and Chow Fun: The Takeaway
- What is the difference between chow mein and chow fun?
- Is vegetable chow fun the same as lo mein?
- Is chicken chow mei fun the same as chow mein?
- Which is healthier lo mein or chow fun?
- What are the two types of chow mein?
- Why is there two different types of chow mein?
- Is Panda Express chow mein or lo mein?
- Is chow fun always rice noodles?
- What is the healthiest Chinese food?
- What does chow fun taste like?
Chinese Food Comes to America
When the big gold rush drew enormous numbers of Americans to the West Coast in the mid-nineteenth century, Chinese food came to the fore. Realizing the unexpected emergence of a whole sector, as well as the expanding wealth of chances, many Chinese immigrants made the trek across the Pacific Ocean to establish a variety of successful enterprises and services. Chinese cuisine restaurants were, of course, one of these successful ventures. It took some time, but Chinese restaurants and takeouts gradually acquired appeal among Americans as well, since the cuisine was inexpensive, unusual, and, most importantly, seductively tasty.
Is Chinese Food Actually Chinese?
One major concern that many people appear to have is the authenticity of what we call Chinese cuisine. Although it is true that certain westernized Chinese restaurants use ingredients and taste profiles oriented toward American palates, it is debatable if Chinese cuisine is in fact genuine. The first Chinese meal created in the United States was prepared for fellow Chinese immigrants who lacked access to many of the traditional components. As a consequence, replacements were made and new dishes were created, giving rise to what we now call Americanized Chinese cuisine.
Many Chinese chefs now have the potential to integrate traditional products and culinary traditions into their restaurants overseas, thanks to globalization and ease of access. Genuine Chinese cuisine continues to get well-deserved attention, but our affection for American-Chinese cooking (luckily) remains strong!
Similarities Between Chow Fun & Chow Mein
Now that we've covered the fundamentals of Chinese food in the United States, we can move on to the true stars of the show today: chow fun and chow mein.
While scanning the menu at your favorite Chinese takeaway, you'll note that each of these meals start with the word chow. This term translates to fried and refers to how the food will be prepared rather than what is in them. Thus you can expect that both of these meals will be prepared by frying or stir-frying.
Another connection between chow mein and chow fun is that both recipes start with noodles and are then topped with a variety of different toppings. The noodles may change (which we shall discuss shortly), but each of these meals will have the same overall composition: fried or stir-fried noodles served with a variety of meats, seafood, veggies, and a soy sauce-based sauce to bring it all together.
The noodles in each of these noodle recipes must be partly cooked before they can be fried or stir-fried. Pre-cooking time and manner may vary based on the kind of noodle used, but this step is critical to the success of both noodle meals.
Differences Between Chow Fun vs. Chow Mein
We've established that chow fun and chow mein are both fried noodle meals with a similar look, particularly when topped with a variety of meats, veggies, soy sauce, and other seasonings. Yet, the similarities stop there! There are several factors that distinguish these two dinners from one another.
Chow fun is said to have originated in China's Guangzhou region, where it is known as ho fun in the local dialect. Chow fun is still a very famous dish in Guangzhou, which is situated in Southern China. The chow fun noodle dish has gone outside China, with variants available in neighboring countries such as Vietnam and Thailand.
Chow Fun Rice Noodles
What about the fun now that we know chow refers to a manner of preparation? Actually pronounced foon, this refers to the sort of noodles you may anticipate in your noodle meal! Wide and flat rice noodles, similar to the Italian pasta fettuccine, are used in this example of chow fun. Rice noodles have a delightfully chewy texture and a slick surface when cooked, making them all too easy to slurp down!
Chow fun flat rice noodles are available in both dry and fresh forms, with each requiring a distinct cooking procedure. Fresh rice noodles are ready to use right away; just put them into your stir fry or pan. Dried rice noodles, on the other hand, must be soaked in extremely hot water for 8-10 minutes (or until flexible and malleable) before cooking.
How to Make Chow Fun
It's all about the stir fry once you've prepared the noodles! Chow fun meals are frequently featured with delicate slices of beef, although other meats like as roast pig, shrimp, or chicken are also options.
The beef is fried in a blazing hot wok with vegetable oil and plenty of crunchy vegetables including carrots, onion, and cabbage. When the meat and veggies have been thoroughly stir-fried, the soaked rice noodles are added and quickly stir-fried over high heat before being seasoned with savory condiments such as soy sauce, oyster sauce, or hoisin sauce. Crunchy bean sprouts are sometimes added immediately before the meal is served!
Chow mein's roots are less apparent than those of chow fun. Chow mein is said to have originated in Northern China, while the exact location is unknown. What we do know for certain is that chow mein is one of the most popular meals in China, as well as in Chinese restaurants across the globe.
Chow Mein Egg Noodles
As previously said, fun means that a meal will have rice noodles. So, what kind of noodle can we anticipate in a meal called mein? Egg noodles from China! Egg noodles that are spherical and rather thin, similar to spaghetti or ramen noodles.
Egg noodles, like rice noodles, are available both fresh and dried. Again, fresh noodles are ready to use right away, but dried noodles must be pre-cooked before being added to the stir-fry. Nevertheless, merely soaking egg noodles in hot water will not soften them enough; instead, they must be boiled in boiling water for 3-5 minutes before draining and frying.
How to Cook Chow Mein
Chow fun's rice noodles are just briefly stir-fried and, by definition, do not acquire much crispness. When it comes to making chow mein, egg noodles become crispy and are fried in one of two methods.
To crisp the noodles, add them to the stir fry along with the meat and veggies, swirling them about and allowing all of the items to cook and crisp together. This method is similar to that of making chow fun, except that the egg noodles are fried for a longer period of time and so gain some crispness.
The second most common approach is to heat vegetable oil in a wok and add the noodles all at once, holding them together so they cook into a huge noodle pancake, similar to a large hash brown patty or potato pancake! This will produce a crisp and crispy fried noodle outside with a soft and tender core. The stir-fried meat, veggies, and spices are then placed on top of the fried noodle pancake.
What kinds of meat and veggies are often used in chow mein? Chicken is a popular choice, but other delectable possibilities include tofu, pig, and lobster, among others! The beef is often served with vegetables such as cabbage, bok choy, and sugar snap peas. Chow mein is less saucy than chow fun, but it still has lots of savory sauce components, such as sesame oil and rice wine, as well as oyster sauce and soy sauce.
Other Chinese Noodle Dishes:
Oh, we've met again! Lo mein, like chow mein, is a meal made of egg noodles. Lo mein noodles are thicker than chow mein noodles, but they have the same ingredients, savory taste, and soft texture.
Unlike chow mein, the noodles in a lo mein meal are not fried (no crisping here! ), but rather boiled and then combined with other stir-fried ingredients. Since lo mein noodles are bigger and softer, they absorb a lot of whatever they're tossed with. Lo mein sauce often contains ingredients such as sesame oil, garlic, ginger, and soy sauce. Most lo mein recipes will feature veggies like sugar snap peas and bell peppers, and some may also include protein like beef or chicken!
Mei Fun or Mai Fun
Mai fun noodles are also known as rice stick noodles and rice vermicelli noodles. Things become even more complicated since this sort of noodle seems like a cross between mein and fun, but you can rest certain that they are rice noodles! Noodles mei fun or


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World - Dates - Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights
Update: COVID-19 Impact
Which Country Exports the Most Dates in the World?
Global date exports amounted to X thousand tonnes in 2015, picking up by +X% against the previous year level. Overall, the global date exports indicated a pronounced growth from 2007 to 2015. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The total export volume increased at an average annual rate of +X% over the last eight years.
The growth pace was the most rapid in 2012, when the output figure increased by +X% from the previous year level. Over the period under review, the global date exports reached its maximum volume in 2015, and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.
In value terms, global exports amounted to $X million in 2015. Overall, the value of global exports increased tangibly from 2007 to 2015, expanding at an average annual rate of +X%. This trend pattern, however, indicated relatively mild fluctuations throughout the analyzed period.
Top Date Exporting Countries in the World
X. United Arab Emirates (X Tonnes)
X. Pakistan (X Tonnes)
X. Saudi Arabia (X Tonnes)
X. Tunisia (X Tonnes)
X. Israel (X Tonnes)
X. Algeria (X Tonnes)
X. Iraq (X Tonnes)
Date Imports By Country
The country with the largest volume of the date exports in absolute volumes was the United Arab Emirates (X thousand tonnes), accounting for X% of global exports. It was followed by Pakistan (X thousand tonnes), with a share of X% of global exports. Moreover, date exports in the United Arab Emirates exceeded the figures recorded by the world's second largest exporter, Pakistan, twofold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by Saudi Arabia with a share of X%.
From 2007 to 2015, an average annual growth rate of date exports in the United Arab Emirates stood at +X%. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual growth rates: Pakistan (+X% per year) and Saudi Arabia (+X% per year).
In value terms, Tunisia (X million USD), the United Arab Emirates (X million USD) and Israel (X million USD) were the countries with the highest levels of exports in 2015, together accounting for X% of total exports.
Saudi Arabia (+X% per year) had the highest growth rates of date exports among the main exporting countries over the last eight years, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.
Do you want to know more about global date market? Get the latest trends and insight from our report. It includes a wide range of statistics on
- date market share
- date prices
- date industry
- date sales
- date import
- date export
- date market forecast
- date price forecast
- key date producers
Source: IndexBox AI Platform
This report provides an in-depth analysis of the global date market. Within it, you will discover the latest data on market trends and opportunities by country, consumption, production and price developments, as well as the global trade (imports and exports). The forecast exhibits the market prospects through 2025.
Making Data-Driven Decisions to Grow Your Business
A Quick Overview of Market Performance
Understanding the Current State of The Market and Its Prospects
Finding New Products to Diversify Your Business
Choosing the Best Countries to Establish Your Sustainable Supply Chain
Choosing the Best Countries to Boost Your Exports
The Latest Trends and Insights into The Industry
The Largest Importers on The Market and How They Succeed
The Largest Exporters on The Market and How They Succeed
The Largest Producers on The Market and Their Profiles
The Largest Markets And Their Profiles
Webinar: Global Graphite Market - Statistics, Trends, and Outlook
Join our live webinar to get insights into the global graphite market.
Tuesday, May 18th, 2021 @ 04:00 pm ET
Webinar: Global Coal Market - Statistics, Trends, and Outlook
Join our live webinar to get insights into the global сoal market.
Tuesday, June 1st, 2021 @ 04:00 pm ET
Webinar: Global Biodiesel Market - Statistics, Trends, and Outlook
Join our live webinar to get insights into the global biodiesel market.
Thursday, June 10th, 2021 @ 04:00 pm ET


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What is a 4G Mobile DVR? How much does it cost?
What is a 4G mobile DVR?
A 4G mobile DVR is a vehicle-mounted hard disk video recording device with 4G communication transmission capability. The 4G transmission enables the DVR to carry clearer onboard monitoring cameras and achieve 1080p ultra-clear video recording. "4G" typically refers to the device's support for 4G network connections, allowing remote real-time viewing and management of vehicle monitoring screens, as well as alarm and warning functions.
How much does a 4G mobile DVR cost?
The YUWEI standard 4G Mobile DVR costs $125 and features global 4G wireless transmission, WIFI communication, DVR functionality, and BDS/GPS dual-mode positioning. It supports advanced monitoring functions such as ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System), BSD (Blind Spot Detection), DSM (Driver Status Monitoring), passenger status, cabin loading, cargo conditions, etc. This ensures a high level of intelligent monitoring and enhances overall safety.
4G mobile DVR specifications:
4G mobile DVR features:
This vehicle-mounted hard disk recorder has the following features and functions:
1. The technical core has an internationally leading visual recognition algorithm engine that is accurate and reliable, used in danger driving warning systems and driver status monitoring systems.
2. Supports intelligent monitoring functions, including ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System), BSD (Blind Spot Detection), and DSM (Driver Behavior Safety Warning), which can monitor passenger status, cabin loading status, and cargo status, etc.
3. Supports network remote upgrade programs, allowing software and functions to be updated remotely over the network.
4. Supports GPS/Beidou satellite real-time positioning, enabling accurate acquisition of vehicle location information.
5. Provides 6-channel analog video input, including 2-channel 1080P HD video, 2-channel audio input, 1-channel IPC input, and 1-channel CVBS output, achieving comprehensive audio and video intelligent monitoring and recording.
6. Data storage supports hard disk storage and SD card storage, ensuring data security through dual storage.
7. The device has a hard disk shock protection mechanism, which can effectively prevent damage to the hard disk caused by vibration.
8. Built-in protection memory provides additional data protection and backup functions.
9. Supports UPR (Uninterruptible Power Supply Recording) function, ensuring that video data is not lost in the event of a power outage.
10. Has low voltage protection function to protect the safe use of vehicle batteries.
11. The device has a patented storage medium protection device to prevent illegal disassembly of the hard disk and SD card.
12. Supports the next-generation video standard H265, providing more efficient video compression and storage.
13. Adopts a single-board design with high integration and high reliability.
14. Uses a unique streaming media file system storage method to ensure data security and prevent tampering.
What types of fleets are suitable for 4G mobile DVR?
4G mobile DVR can be used for tracking and monitoring management of fleets such as trucks, buses, taxis, school buses, and dump trucks. It can be paired with a software system backend, allowing managers to remotely view the status of the fleet. It supports remote operations (such as remote vehicle lock).


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The Smallest Analog Computer Ever Made?!
By James Grahame
From the early 1960s brochure: "Donner's Model 3500 is a full-fledged analog computer weighing just 28 lbs. Designed for engineers, educators and scientists, it can be used to study almost any physical system that can be described by differential equations. It can be operated on desk tops and benches by anyone who can run a slide rule. The standard 3500 contains 10 amplifiers, stabilized or unstabilized as the user chooses. The computer performs accurately with 1% or 0.1% computing components, and is furnished ready-to-work for $1850, depending upon specific equipment desired."
Fast forward 50 years, and I'd much rather have a Macbook. It's astounding to realize just how far we've come in the past half century; the Donner 3500 used vacuum tubes and was anything but simple to use. These days, you could create a comparable analog function generator using a variety of solid-state op amps and buffers that cost only a few cents each.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Bardwell's Ferry BridgeEdit profile
The Bardwell's Ferry Bridge, built in 1882, is an historic lenticular Truss bridge spanning the Deerfield River between the towns of Shelburne and Conway in Franklin County, Massachusetts. The bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.General information
The Bardwell's Ferry Bridge carries Bardwell's Ferry Road across the Deerfield River. The bridge is situated within a deep valley, with sharply sloping roadways on each side.Characteristics
Built by the Berlin Iron Bridge Co. of East Berlin, Connecticut, the bridge is 198 feet (60 m) long, consisting of 13 panels. It is the longest single span lenticular bridge in Massachusetts.
The end posts and upper chords are built-up open box members, consisting riveted plates and angles giving dimensions of 18 in. x 12 in. The lower chords are constructed from 1 in. x 3 in. eye bars. The bridge deck is 14 feet (4.3 m) wide and is constructed of wooden planks.
During the latter part of the 19th century, the Berlin Iron Bridge Co. of East Berlin, Connecticut manufactured and erected almost 800 lenticular truss bridges in the United States (Darnell 1979). While most of these bridges were built in New England, a few were constructed in Ohio and Texas. These bridges are sometimes referred to as "pumpkin-seed bridges", "cats-eyes bridges", "elliptical truss bridges", or "parabolic truss bridges" because of their unique lens shape. Lenticular bridges were only used for vehicular traffic and were generally considered too light to be used for railroad and trolley loads.
The Bardwell's Ferry Bridge was restored in the 1990s, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.


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DI 30001.800 Quality Assurance Unit (QAU) Analysis and Feedback
The QAU provides analysis and feedback that improves quality within the Disability Determination Services (DDS) and should:
collect and analyze data on DDS performance from all available sources;
provide accurate and timely feedback to various levels within DDS; and,
The QAU analysis is based on:
statistical data from QAU sample case reviews, high-risk case reviews, and special studies;
feedback from Social Security Administration (SSA) review components (OQR, RPC, etc.); and,
information from all other relevant sources such as audit findings or independent consultant reports.
2. SSA feedback
The QAU should use the results of SSA case reviews as part of its monitoring of DDS determinations. DDS management should ensure that QAU staff receives all SSA review reports, special studies, and statistical feedback regarding the quality of the DDS product.
3. SSA deficiency returns
The QAU should serve as the DDS focal point for:
review and analysis of individual case deficiency returns from SSA review components; and,
coordination of the DDS's timely action in response to the return.
The QAU should also:
maintain records about returns received from SSA;
use this information along with other data in its analysis; and,
make recommendations based on QAU's analysis.


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1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Dike
DIKE, or Dyke (Old Eng. dic, a word which appears in various forms in many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch dijk, German Teich, Danish dige, and in French, derived from Teutonic, digue; it is the same word as "ditch" and is ultimately connected with the root of "dig"), properly a trench dug out of the earth for defensive and other purposes. Water naturally collects in such trenches, and hence the word is applied to natural and artificial channels filled with water, as appears in the proverbial expression "February fill-dyke," and in the names of many narrow waterways in East Anglia. "Dike" also is naturally used of the bank of earth thrown up out of the ditch, and so of any embankment, dam or causeway, particularly the defensive works in Holland, the Fen district of England, and other low-lying districts which are liable to flooding by the sea or rivers (see Holland and Fens). In Scotland any wall, fence or even hedge, used as a boundary is called a dyke. In geology the term is applied to wall-like masses of rock (sometimes projecting beyond the surrounding surface) which fill up vertical or highly inclined fissures in the strata.


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of the port release
Click on "Add rule" to start the port sharing process, which may take a few minutes.
Step 6: Start Terraria server
As soon as the ports are enabled you can start your Terraria server (In the firewall policies in the Cloud Panel you can see whether the release process is still in progress or already completed under "Status"). The simplest solution for this is to use the batch file named start-server.bat mentioned earlier. So navigate to the Terraria directory and start the batch file and thus also the server by double-clicking on it.
If you have not yet entered important information, such as the difficulty level or the name of the game world, in the configuration file, the command line will now ask you for this information. Then the creation of the server starts, which can take a few minutes depending on the size and seed. If the process was successful, the command prompt will display a success message.
Step 7: Connect to the server
If you or your friends want to connect to the new Terraria server, the following steps are required:
- Start Terraria.
- Click on "Multiplayer".
- Select the option "Join via IP" and an avatar.
- Type the IP address of your server (with :7777 appended for the port).
- Press "Accept".
- Enter the server password, if you have one assigned.
Once the connection to the server is established, your custom Terraria adventure can finally begin!
Make a statement with your own.gg domain and let the games begin. Register your own.gg domain now with IONOS.


text:
2 pp. sm.8vo,
Lord Lugard commenced his career as a professional soldier and later became known as an African Explorer and Colonial Administrator. He was distinguished in the Afghan War of 1879-80, in the Sudan Campaign in 1884-85, and the 3rd Burmese War of 1886-87. He was Governor of Hong Kong from 1907-12, and Governor General of Nigeria from 1914-19. His great work, The Rise and Fall of our East African Empire, was published in 1893.
Stock ref: 13432


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Get a 360-degree view of the CERA credential.
Get the Fact Sheet now.
What is the Chartered Enterprise Risk Analyst (CERA) credential?
The Chartered Enterprise Risk Analyst (CERA) credential is an international credential encompassing the most comprehensive and rigorous demonstration of enterprise risk management (ERM) expertise available.
The CERA credential stems from the same rigorous process through which actuaries earn other credentials, the Fellow of the Society of Actuaries (FSA) and Associate of the Society of Actuaries (ASA).
Developed in response to the evolving complexity of the marketplace, it reflects the need of businesses to better manage enterprise risk amid growing volatility around the globe.
What are the benefits of receiving the CERA credential?
The Chartered Enterprise Risk Analyst (CERA) credential training does not stop with mathematics and financial engineering. A CERA learns how to apply both qualitative and quantitative insights to enterprise risk management (ERM), receiving the most comprehensive and rigorous credential in the rapidly emerging field.
CERAs have the knowledge and skill set to be able to contribute on a higher level in a broad range of industries. CERAs play more diverse roles at organizations of all kinds—giving them greater exposure to the C-Suite and leadership, and empowering them to become a more highly valued resource for a company.
In addition to the high recognition of actuarial credentials among employers in insurance, reinsurance and consulting markets, a CERA is a member of a professional organization with an impeccable code of ethics, professional standards, integrity, education requirements and discipline.
What is the CERA credential process?
The Chartered Enterprise Risk Analyst (CERA) credential takes an estimated three to four years to complete, and includes a rigorous curriculum of five examinations, e-Learning modules, validation of previous educational experiences and a professionalism seminar. The CERA credential curriculum includes the topics of probability, financial mathematics, micro/macro economics, corporate finance, construction and evaluation of actuarial models, fundamentals of actuarial practice, including the actuarial control cycle, and enterprise risk management.
How does the CERA credential differ from the FSA or ASA credential?
For Fellows of the Society of Actuaries (FSA) and Associates of the Society of Actuaries (ASA), the Chartered Enterprise Risk Analyst (CERA) credential offers another avenue of opportunity, added competitive edge and professional growth. As new roles in enterprise risk management (ERM) continue to develop, actuaries are becoming leaders in the practice, by providing a 360-degree view of an organization's risk profile.
For those currently on the FSA pathway, what additional requirements are needed to achieve the CERA credential?
The new structure of the fellowship exams (effective July 1, 2013) will provide a means for candidates in all tracks to obtain the CERA credential along with their FSA by completing only two additional exam hours. Candidates seeking this option will choose the four-hour ERM exam in place of the two-hour track exam in their track. They will also need to choose the ERM module as one of their FSA modules. The Corporate Finance and ERM track already requires the ERM exam and ERM module, so candidates completing that track will automatically receive both the CERA and FSA.
How is the CERA credential different from the CFA charter?
A CERA displays knowledge in mathematics and financial engineering just like some of the other business professionals, but a CERA differs in that they also have unique insight in enterprise risk management (ERM)—empowering them to play a leading role in solving the complex business and financial challenges businesses face around the globe.
A CERA does not solely focus on capital management, but on how operational risk, investment risk and strategic risk collectively impact an organization. Therefore, a CERA is qualified for such strategic and leadership positions as risk analyst, risk manager or chief risk officer.
What industries offer the most opportunities from the CERA credential?
A CERA is trained to model future events by converting data into information that leads to strategic decisions, so the credential may be applied to many areas where actuaries are increasingly contributing, such as broader financial services, energy, transportation, manufacturing and healthcare, as well as insurance and human resources/benefits consulting.
What is Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)?
Enterprise risk management (ERM) is the process of coordinated risk management that places a greater emphasis on cooperation among departments to manage the organization�s full range of risks as a whole. Enterprise risk management offers a framework for effectively managing uncertainty, responding to risk and harnessing opportunities as they arise.
What is the Society of Actuaries (SOA)?
The Society of Actuaries (SOA) is an educational, research and professional organization dedicated to serving the public and its members. The SOA�s mission is to advance actuarial knowledge and improve decision making to benefit society. The SOA enhances the ability of actuaries to be trusted financial and business advisors on problems involving uncertain future events. To learn more, visit
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Tay Nguyen grave statues may be history
Read the original news
VietnamPlus English - 41 month(s) ago 3 readings
Charnel -house statues – part of the unique cultural identity of the Tay Nguyen (Central Highlands) ethnic groups, are likely to disappear, experts warn.
It is said that the statues were used at the grave-leaving ceremony – the last farewell of the living before seeing off the dead to the other world. Usually, at each grave-leaving ceremony, tens or even hundreds of statues were carved.
Cemeteries of a huge number of wooden statues are usually located in forest, so it is imaginable that visitors think they are lost in between the worlds of reality and spirits.
Doctor Ngo Van Doanh, an expert in Tay Nguyen culture, visited the cemeteries in the Tay Nguyen region, a labyrinth of wooden statues with different figures.
"Usually there is a couple of male and female statues by the door of each charnelhouse, the statue of a pregnant woman by the side, and seated statues of new-born babies in the house's corners," Doanh said.
"These statues spell out the cycle of birth: conception, pregnancy, then deliverance. The statues do not present specific people, they are universal."
However, they are dwindling.
Many cemeteries in Dak Lak province, for example, that were once a complex of statues have now decreased in size due to thieves.
Noticeably, tens of statues at a cemetery in Buon Don district disappeared in one night recently.
"Previously, hundreds of people in the area could carve charnel house statues. Unfortunately, only a handful of people in my village and ones nearby can, and they all are quite old now," said patriarch Ma H'trinh of Buon Don district's Yang Lanh village.
"Of course, a number of young people in the area can whittle statues of this kind. Yet their statues are carved so carefully but without a soul," he said.
Doanh agreed, saying that charnelhouse statues used to be carved with primitive tools such as axes and knives, thus revealing the character's miens. Nowadays, craftsmen make the statues look like real people, but the original and artistic value of the statues is lost.
Truong Bi, deputy head of Dak Lak's Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism and expert in Tay Nguyen culture, lamented: "The philosophy of human life and the cycle of birth is also lost".
"New statues do not appear to be 'deep in thought' and plainly-carved like the traditional ones; they resemble servants of death," Bi said.
The other reason behind the gradual vanishing of charnel house statues was the decreased number of carvers and the increased scarcity of carving tools, he added.
"The number of people able to carve traditional statues is getting smaller and smaller because the younger generation shows no interest in the craft."
Furthermore, cemented and concrete graves were replacing more traditional charnel houses, Bi said. /.
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Will Brexit affect UK's approach to tackling financial crime?
20 Jun 2016 12:00 am by Mark Dunn
The vote on whether the UK should remain in the European Union is just days away (June 23), and the latest polls suggest the result is too close to call. Leaders in every sector are now being forced to consider the possible impacts of a Brexit on their field, and financial crime and compliance is no exception. But given the highly politicised nature of the debate, it can be too easy to lose sight of the evidence. So this article will explore how a Brexit might affect the UK's ability to detect and combat financial crime: anti-money laundering (AML), anti-bribery and corruption (ABC) and sanctions.
Anti-Money Laundering
The EU Fourth Money Laundering Directive (4MLD) is due to come into force in June 2017. This might lead to worries that a post-Brexit UK would not be part of this attempt to make it more difficult for people to launder ill-gotten gains through banks and other regulated entities. The directive puts further scrutiny on the risk based approach, particularly around situations where simplified due diligence may be applied and requires regulated entities to find out more about the money they hold.
But the 4MLD stems from the latest recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), an inter-governmental body that develops and promotes policies to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. The UK, most EU member states and even the EU Commission are members of the FATF and therefore bound by its AML rules. So the UK would still need to abide by the FATF's requirements regardless of whether it is 'In' or 'Out'.
In fact, the UK has often been ahead of the European curve on AML legislation. In many cases it has 'gold plated' the EU legislation, for example it has adopted an 'all crimes approach' to AML regulation, so there is no de minimis level of predicate offence below which offences need not be reported.
The UK already has its measures in place to increase transparency of beneficial ownership of companies. The London Anti-Corruption Summit in May 2016 showed Britain's willingness to not only lead the way in setting up a public register of beneficial ownership, but also to encourage other countries to create their own registers. EU members France and the Netherlands have committed to setting up registers of their own. Now, any foreign company that wants to buy property in the UK or bid for government contracts will be required to publicly disclose their ultimate beneficial owner. Patrick Moulette, who heads the Anti-Corruption Division at the OECD, called this "a significant step in the right direction". It seems the UK has the legislation and the political will to combat money laundering, whether or not the country sits within the EU.
Anti-Bribery and Corruption
The EU is committed to facilitating information-sharing between its member states. If Britain were to leave the EU, some are worried that it would no longer receive information about suspected bribery and corruption from across the EU, which would make it harder for the UK authorities to detect and take enforcement action against corruption. As Andrew Simms of the think tank New Weather Institute wrote in the Financial Times in January 2016, solutions to financial crime "require international collective action, which a Brexit from the EU would seriously undermine".
But it is unclear what the EU would have to gain from excluding the UK from this information-sharing process, since European countries also benefit from the UK's willingness to provide information. There is already precedent for the UK to share information with other non-EU countries. Regulators in the US, UK and Australia are among those working together to investigate companies and individuals implicated in allegations of bribery by Unaoil to secure billions of dollars of government contracts in the Middle East and Africa. Moreover, at the London Anti-Corruption Summit in May 2016, the UK announced that it will host a new International Anti-Corruption Coordination Centre in London to work with enforcement agencies in the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Switzerland on cross-border investigations. The global trend in enforcement is towards countries sharing information with each other, not hiding it.
The UK also has one of the strictest anti-bribery laws in the world: the Bribery Act of 2010. The Act stemmed from the OECD's anti-corruption convention in 1997 and would be unaffected if the UK was no longer subject to EU law. The NGO Transparency International describes the Act as "among the strictest legislation internationally on bribery", so it seems unlikely that Britain outside the EU would be seen as a softer touch on bribery and corruption.
Sanctions and Politically Exposed Persons
The most obvious area in which Brexit could affect financial crime is that the UK and Europe could develop quite different strategies for export and sanctions controls. Although different countries often work together to impose sanctions against doing business with companies operating in a particular country, the conditions of these sanctions can be very different. Recently, the EU eased its sanctions against Iran, while the US' sanctions remain more restrictive. This has meant EU business have begun to deepen their relationships with companies in Iran while the country remains off limits for most US businesses.
UK policymakers have in the past made exemptions for politically exposed persons. For example, the Financial Services Bill excludes domestic PEPs such as MPs from money laundering enhanced due diligence checks. This hints at a divergence from EU policy, since this is against the provisions in the Fourth EU Directive which will require a more comprehensive definition of 'prominent public person'. This divergence could be magnified if the UK were to no longer be subject to EU law.
But there is no evidence that the UK and the EU would adopt drastically different approaches to sanctions against PEPs. Moreover, much of the policy on sanctions comes from UN resolutions which would still bind the UK regardless of its European status.
Terrorist financing
The UK's laws on the financing of terrorism fall under United Nations (UN) Security Council resolutions. The UK is signed up to other international conventions which pertain to terrorism, including the Vienna Convention, the Palermo Convention, the UN Convention against Corruption and the UN Convention for the Suppression of Terrorism, so UK law is bound by these requirements. The UN is not the only inter-governmental organisation with a strong commitment to identifying money which funds terrorism. The FATF also develops policies in this area, which bind the UK and most EU member states equally regardless of the UK's relationship with Europe.
If the UK repealed the European Communities Act of 1972, new laws would need to be passed to fill any legislative gaps that have opened up. This might lead some people to worry that there is a period in which the UK is legislatively paralysed and unable to take action in some areas. But under UK law, where there are terrorist concerns the authorities can designate financial sanctions targets and apply export and other controls to goods of any description. So there should not be any window in which the UK has less power to act on suspected inflow and outflow of money related to terrorism.
An uncertain future
With the upcoming referendum so keenly contested by rival politicians, it can be difficult to work out what would be the actual impact of Brexit on the UK's ability to combat financial crime. Moreover, many details of how a 'Brexit' would look in practice will only become clear if the country does vote to leave.
But although there are specific EU policies against financial crime, these usually fall under or follow on from inter-governmental policies, for example from the UN, the FATF and the OECD. These inter-governmental policies would continue to apply to the UK, whether or not it is in the EU. The UK also has its own legislation in place against financial crime, and this is often ahead of the European curve. David Cameron positioned the UK as leaders in the fight against financial crime by organising the London Anti-Corruption Summit in May 2016.
Commenting on the outcome of the polls on 23rd June, Professor Dan Hough, Director of Sussex University's Anti-Corruption Centre, "As with most things to do with the Brexit debate, the impact of a 'Leave' vote in these areas is clouded in uncertainty. On the one hand EU institutions (of all sorts) provide useful fora for unofficial collaboration and co-ordination. UK representatives can and do discuss a range of 'off agenda' items with EU colleagues, but if the UK leaves the EU it will inevitably limit opportunities for doing this.
However, there is no reason to believe that security forces in particular won't continue to work together in the same way that they have in the past. Many of the links there are bi-lateral and thematic, and there is a case to be made that these relationships will simply carry on as normal no matter what the Brexit vote".
We will only know for certain the effect of Brexit on the UK's ability to tackle financial crime if the country votes 'Out' on June 23. But it seems unlikely that it would have a significant effect on the UK's ability to combat financial crime.
For a summary of this information, check out the Brexit: So What? infographic here:
Brexit Anti-Money Laundering Infographic
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ps 3 ways you can apply this information right now to…


Croatian and Khasi Alphabets
Add ⊕
1 Alphabets
1.1 Alphabets in
1.2 Alphabets
Tamil Alphabets
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Irish Alphabets
1.3 Phonology
1.3.1 How Many Vowels
Thai Alphabets
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Hebrew Alphabets
1.3.2 How Many Consonants
Hmong Alphabets
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Rank: 4 (Overall)
German Alphabets
1.4 Scripts
Bengali, Latin
1.5 Writing Direction
Left-To-Right, Horizontal
Not Available
1.6 Hard to Learn
1.6.1 Language Levels
Armenian Alphab..
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bengali Alphabets
1.6.2 Time Taken to Learn
Chinese Alphabe..
44 weeks
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cebuano Alphabets
Croatian vs Khasi Alphabets
Wondering about the number of letters in Croatian and Khasi alphabets? When you compare Croatian vs Khasi alphabets you will understand the number of alphabets in both the languages. Because lesser the number of alphabets, faster the language to learn, find all the Easiest Languages to Learn. Croatian and Khasi Alphabets are collection of symbols or letters used for writing. Croatian alphabets contain 30 letters and Khasi Alphabets contain 23 letters. The writing direction of Croatian is Left-To-Right, Horizontal whereas the writing direction of Khasi is Not Available. Croatian and Khasi Alphabets are the basics of Croatian and Khasi languages. Check the detailed comparison of Croatian and Khasi.
Croatian and Khasi Scripts
Compare Croatian and Khasi alphabets and find out scripts used by Croatian and Khasi language. Croatian and Khasi scripts are the methodology and rules for writing. Scripts used by Croatian and Khasi languages are Latin and Bengali, Latin respectively. After learning alphabets in Croatian and Khasi you can also learn useful Croatian greetings vs Khasi greetings.
Croatian Vowels vs Khasi Vowels
If you are comparing Croatian and Khasi alphabets then you need to find out Croatian vowels vs Khasi vowels too. The number of vowels and consonants in Croatian are 5 and 25 and number of vowels and consonants in Khasi are 6 and 14. Language codes are unique and are two or three letter codes assigned to each language. Check out all the language codes of Croatian and Khasi language codes.
Is Croatian Harder than Khasi?
Is Croatian harder than Khasi? No language is hard or easy to learn as it depends on individual interest and efforts for learning that language. When you decide to learn any language, you need to find out time required to learn that language and levels in that language. As mentioned above, while comparing Croatian and Khasi Alphabets the number of alphabets in any language decides hardness in learning that language.
It's important to know Croatian and Khasi alphabets because for learning these languages, alphabets are the starting point. The levels in Croatian language are 3. And time taken to learn Croatian language is 44 weeks. While there are no levels in Khasi language And time taken to learn Khasi language is Not Available.
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text:
Birmingham's residents are from a wide range of national, ethnic and religious backgrounds.
The chart below shows that the largest ethnic group in Birmingham was White British with 570,217 (53.1%). This is down from 2001 (65.6%) and lower than the average in England (79.8%).
Other large groups include Pakistani (144,627, 13.5%) and Indian (64,621, 6.0%) which have grown since 2001, while people defining themselves as Black Caribbean (47,641, 4.4%) have declined.
- Overseas migrants arriving between the 1950s and 1980s were mainly from southern India and the Caribbean. More recent trends see people arriving from many different parts of the world, including Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East.
- 238,313 Birmingham residents were born outside the UK. Of these around 45% arrived during the last decade.
- The Census shows that most people (86%), regardless of ethnicity, consider themselves to be British.
- 46.1% of residents said they were Christian, 21.8% Muslim and 19.3% no religion.
See the documents below for more details.
Last Updated : 26th March 2013


text:
Reports and Dashboards is a powerful business intelligence tool that helps clinical leadership optimize costs and streamline workflows.
Tacera Pulse monitors nurse call alarms, collects alarm and response data, then creates metrics for measuring and analyzing performance outcomes.
Each of three report types provides actionable intelligence, allowing leadership to generate and monitor alarm data from the bed level up to the entire system.
Keep your finger on the pulse of your facility with Dashboards. Pulse offers four "widgets", each representing a single KPI.
Add widgets to the dashboard to monitor multiple areas of operational performance simultaneously. Add as many widgets of each type as you need to precisely track data at all levels of your facility.
Dashboards are highly configurable and allow users to choose how data is displayed, and how widgets are arranged.
Add multiple widgets of each type to effectively monitor your facility at all levels.
A pie chart that shows the distribution of alarm types, for a given location and time frame.
A bar chart showing the five locations that generate the most alarms.
A grid of four KPIs that compare calls received on the selected shift to calls received on the previous instance of that shift.
A bar chart that shows the staff members who have responded to the most and the fewest alarms for a given location and timeframe.


text: A SciDB binary file represents a 1-dimensional SciDB array. The 1-dimensional array is dense; it has no empty cells (although it can have null values for nullable.With Igor Pro's Load General Binary dialog and GBLoadWave external operation, you can import a wide variety of binary data file formats. Load General Binary dialog Igor Pro 7 is available in both 32 and 64 bit versions. The 32-bit version,.The Binary File Reader block reads multichannel signal data from a binary.Description. Reads an on-disk or in-memory binary file (such as an executable or image file) on the server, into a binary object parameter that you can use in the.Nov 9, 2010 When pCLAMP does not recognize the format of a binary file, it launches a tool called the Binary File Converter (BFC). The usual reason why.


nLab
microlocalization
Microlocalization is a tool invented by Mikio Sato to study linear partial differential equations (as a part of his algebraic analysis program) not only locally in space but also locally in momentum variable. It is a purely algebraic theory that was also continued in parallel by analysts, like Hormander, giving the domain of microlocal analysis.
Sato's theory of microlocalization was first described in the setting of D-modules:
 - M. Kashiwara, Kawai, Kimura: foundations of algebraic analysis.
It was then extended by M. Kashiwara and P. Schapira to a purely sheaf theoretical theory.
This theory of microlocalization of (ind)-sheaves was developped in the following works:
A good overview of the theory can by found at:
Revised on August 1, 2011 10:30:46 by Urs Schreiber (82.113.99.43)


Avoid These 5 Swing Clogging Moves
Written By: JK Whited
I often get my hitters to envision the flow of energy in their swings as water flowing through pipes. If the pattern of a hitter's swing is precise, the energy, or "water", will flow smoothly without friction. When this happens the player will squeeze every drop of potential power out of his or her body.
However, there are certain movements that prohibit the flow of our energy. I call these "swing clogging" movements. This article is going to break down five common swing clogging moves. All of these moves are easily identifiable and should avoided in your son or daughter's movement practice.
Closed Off Stance
A closed off stance can be seen in many hitters today. More than likely this will be a preset position that they feel comfortable in and get acquainted to rather quickly. The closed off stance will be done usually for two reasons. One, the hitter is scared of the ball, plain and simple. The hitter will close his or her body off for protection purposes. There is no quick fix for fear except for time and probably getting hit a few times to realize it is not that bad. Two, the hitter feels a since of FALSE power by pre-closing off the shoulders and the hips. By turning inwards, the brain feels what you might call a "load". The batter believes he or she is in a "cocked" like position ready to fire. Again this is a FALSE feeling of power because there will be no resistance created between the pelvis and shoulders. The load or "cocking" phase of the movement will need to be done during his or her forward move. This is common in our hitters as they've been constantly told to 'stay closed' with their feet and hips to stay 'on the ball' longer.
BE CAREFUL! Young batters will most likely get away with these mistakes for a while but ultimately, pitchers will begin to pick apart these types of hitters. Once that hitter reaches a level where the pitchers can spot a fastball and the field grows (MIDDLE SCHOOL) it will be much more of a struggle to have the type of hitting success that makes the game fun. To learn more about stances, click here!
Chas Note: JK's exactly right. The closed stance and foot angle JK is demonstrating leads to bad direction in the stride. As you'll see later, closing off in the step is a huge problem that hurts and erodes the turn quality of the hitter. If you close off the shoulders/stance, the first thing that moves will be the front shoulder up and out to start the swing. The hitter will FEEL separation between the hips and shoulders, but once the front shoulder starts to fly out early, the hitter has committed to the swing. Not a good plan. Another thing people don't realize is kids need to be TAUGHT how to get hit by pitches and protect themselves from getting hurt. Hitters who close off the stance due to fear ALWAYS step out and open their bodies to injury. Think about it: Would you rather get hit in the back or butt or the face or cup? Due to the closed stance, the hitter must pull off earlier and open their bodies up to the baseball. OUCH.
Stepping Across the Body
This "swing clogging" maneuver has been called many things and there have been many ways coaches have tried to fix it. In the pictures above, you can clearly see my front HEEL has gone from being in line with my back HEEL, to across the orange line. The inward stride can will have an immediate effect on the rest of the swing. Why? Because this is the first move the hitter makes! There is no coming back after this mistake has been made. By doing this, the hitter's maximum degrees he or she can turn is cut off, therefore cutting off pelvis/shoulder separation. In turn, cutting off POWER. Can you still get hits? Of course, but your potential for maximum power will drop and decrease your chances for getting on base.
To maximize our ability to turn or rotate our pelvis, keeping the HEELS in line when the stride foot lands is a huge part of the puzzle. Heel to Heel Stride Direction will also keep our posture and body weight moving in a straight line for optimal vision.
Closed Front Foot After The Stride
We already know that stepping in across the batter's box will have negative impact on our power generation. The next movement to avoid is stepping or not stepping with a closed front foot. This move, like the stepping in, can doom your power swing from the get go.
There is some discrepancy among coaches about how far, if at all, the front foot should open. The answer is actually pretty simple. How efficient do you want to be? If the hitter's goal is to maximize hip/shoulder separation, bio-mechanically the front foot has to open. Once the front leg is grounded, it will act as the "brake" stopping the forward momentum. At this point, the front knee will drive the front hip back very suddenly. The front side knee MUST be in the correct position for this to happen. The front leg will also provide the hitter with the ability to adjust his or her swing to off-speed pitches. You can learn more about this here.
On another note, leaving your front foot closed will increase the possibilities of front knee injuries. Over time, the aggressive rotation against a front closed knee and hip can put some serious wear and tear on knee cartilage. Simply put, an open front foot, knee, and hip allows for higher quality turns that are not only faster but safer.
Chas Note: Not only knee injuries are an issue if you keep your front foot closed (RYAN HOWARD…) but also Front Leg Hip function is deteriorated. Will Fox, our Director of Performance, has proven that turning on a closed front foot dramatically decreases muscle function in the hips of a hitter. This decreased function leads to extra stress on Ligaments and Cartalidge (passive structure) and can lead to CHRONIC hip and knee pain (Chase Utley…) Man those Phillies seem to be unlucky…maybe it's their hitting instruction…maybe that's why they have new coaches…
The Lean In
The next two movements that we will discuss are less obstructive to a power swing than the previous three. Why you ask? These moves happen from the waist up.
The "lean in" move is where the batter will tilt his or her spine angle over the plate during the stride. This is another move that may feel powerful to the hitter but will do a number of things to minimize power potential. To the hitter, the extra counter rotation/close off of the shoulders will create more separation between the pelvis angle and shoulder angle and therefore, more bat speed. I see many of our guys with strength in their upper bodies perform this move than any other body type as they are stronger in their chest and back than our skinnier, weaker hitters. Unfortunately for upper body dominant players, this creates too much rotational ground to make up, especially in a game. Remember, all you really need is the hips to go first and the front shoulder to stay on the pitcher. There is validity to a back shoulder row motion to help resist the urge to open the front shoulder too quickly. You can learn more about "rowing" here.
You can also see how changing my spine angle drastically changes my eye level. Any movement that changes the plane of a hitters vision needs to be carefully looked at. There are positive types of head movement but this is not one of them as I am 'zooming in' towards the contact point. The head can move forward and down in the stride (it always does if you move athletically forward in the load) but once the turn starts, you need that perspective and distance between the head and the contact point to stay the same for barrel accuracy and to help maximize hard barrel to ball contact.
The High Elbow/Hand Raise
elbow:hands:shoulder raise
Hitters will often times feel and recruit power from their hands/arms. Here you see my back elbow and hands raised way up above my shoulder. Where this does feel strong in a chopping wood kind of way, this is not a power hitting move. As you can imagine, the higher the hands get away from the strike zone, so does the barrel. Also, hitters will "wrap" the barrel around there head creating a much longer distance back to the ball. Once the hitter has put themselves in this type of position, it will take serious coordination, timing, and strength to get the barrel back down and around to the correct plane. Inevitably, most hitters who stride to the position in the pictures will use what they feel (their arms) to get the bat up to speed and into the zone. Arm use from this high position will usually equate to lots of ground balls and glancing types of contact where the ball fades towards the back side foul line.
It is not impossible to hit from this position.