text:
Berger Water Based Primer is formulated to resist alkali and moisture present in the new plaster surfaces. It forms a tough and flexible film which prevents passage of moisture from the substrate through the paint film. Before the application of Berger Water Based Primer, it is essential that the surface to be painted should be dry and free from grease and dust.
Berger Water Based Primer has been designed for use on cement render concrete, lime plaster, asbestos cement sheets and all other surfaces which require sealing against moisture or alkaline substrate. It can be applied on interior and exterior surfaces.
Before application of Berger Water Based Primer, it is essential that the surface to be painted should be dry and free from grease and dust.
Berger Water Based Primer can be applied by thinning (1:1) with water by volume for brush application (depend on surface absorbency). For better results apply two coats of Berger Water Based Primer.
For previously painted old surfaces, remove all defective or poorly adhering material by rubbing with a suitable abrasive paper or stiff brush.
To smoothen the surface, Berger Wall Putty can be applied after the application of Berger Water Based Primer.
Berger Water Based Primer dries within an hour and can be recoated after 2-3 hours.
Berger Water Based Primer covers 16-18 meter square per litre per coat (depends upon the absorbency of the surface).
Berger Water Based Primer is available in 3.64 and 14.56 Litre pack size.
The container should be protected from extreme hot and cold temperature. It should be properly closed and kept in an upright position after use. In case of contact with eyes rinse with water and seek medical advice.


text:
Telekinesis is something that everybody wants, but most people say it is impossible. Telekinesis is the art of transferring things with no hands. You simply use your mental state to control the anergy enclosing the thing you wish to use. This info is for novices.
Casting Instructions for 'How to Begin Using Teleknesis'
1: Clear your mind. Some people think that you've got to be thinking of nothing, but that is a misconception. Concentrate on concentrating on the small item,(let's say we use a pencil) and imagine that it is alive.
2: Pick up the pen. Examine it and concentrate on it until you feel like it it is a part of you.
3: Make Psi balls. To make a psi ball, all you will need to do is put your hands together. Press them on each other. Now, keep your eyes open! Imagine that energy is flowing from your core to your palms. Now gather that energy into a ball, and gradually seperate your hands until it's like the energy is in between, and you are holding it, or making it hover. Concentrate on taking energy from sunlight, the wind, the ground, anything around you. Focus till you fell like it is real. Psi balls can be used to control objects around you. Consider throwing it at something tall, like a tree or lamp, and see what happens. Usually nothing will happen if you don't practice for a while.
4: Now that you have mastered Psi balls, make one and use it on the pen as a shield. Imagine making a tunnel from your mind and sight straight to the pen. Block out everything. Take energy from sunlight, the wind, the ground ( like psi balls) and move it to the pencil. Make it clear where you want the pen to move. Up, down, left right. Make sure you are concentrating and focusing. Practice amy take some time, even years, but most people have more mental capacity than that. Don't Overwork yourself. Stop if you feel mentally or physically tired.
5: Meditation: Sit or lie down in a comfotable pose. Think about emotions, things that happened, or just drift off and do not think. This will help with your mental wellbeing and contribut to your telekinesis.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Definitions for
Overview of noun invention
The noun invention has 3 senses? (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (6) invention, innovation, excogitation, conception, design
(the creation of something in the mind)
2. (6) invention, innovation
3. (3) invention
(the act of inventing) © 2001-2013, Demand Media, all rights reserved. The database is based on Word Net a lexical database for the English language. see disclaimer
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text:
The future of heat in hospitals
Transforming hospital buildings into heat network hubs could help to decarbonise the NHS and give an added boost to local community infrastructure, writes Lucy Symons-Jones, Director of Net Zero at Lexica.
With hospitals and healthcare buildings comprising 15 per cent of the NHS's total carbon emissions, changing the way in which hospital estates and facilities use heating and hot water is an essential step in the journey to reach net zero. Furthermore, a recent discussion about decarbonising heating, led by elemental UK, revealed that while there are quick wins to be found, achieving them will require initial changes to both the scope of the work and the workforce undertaking delivery.
The UK runs mostly on gas, with up to 74 per cent of UK homes heated by gas and fossil fuels. Hospitals in the UK operate with different types of legacy heating systems, some of which are more than 40 years old. Unsurprisingly, most are running inefficiently. On average, NHS organisations consumed 75 per cent of their energy from fossil fuels, according to a 2021 BMA survey of NHS organisations. As of 2019, coal was still being burned at two hospital sites in the UK.
The cost of living crisis has prompted a step-change. While gas prices may drop in the short term, volatility is here to stay. So today there is a real need, within both the public and private sector, for educative and informative advisory services to help guide senior management teams especially when looking at procurement of clean technologies. Through its work running and administering three clean technology frameworks and supporting clients to develop heat decarbonisation plans for their healthcare estates, Lexica has become acutely aware that decarbonising heating in hospitals is the linchpin to achieving net zero.
The hospital of 2040
Hospitals are well-suited to host heat networks, providing a cost efficient and low carbon heating solution for the communities in which they are located. Their 24/7, multi-season demand makes them an ideal anchor load for the network, and the economies of scale they offer to suppliers is another advantage. They can be fuelled by waste heat, or run on clean energy sources, and optimise the distribution of heat.
Today, hospitals have the potential to be the proving ground for scaling and growing clean technology. Thinking ahead to 2040, a net zero hospital could be a hub of the heat network, solving the energy challenge within its footprint and serving its local community. It can even become a hub for charging electric cars and providing energy to nearby neighbourhoods.
Through collaboration between healthcare estates and their neighbours, hospitals can go net zero all together, in step with their communities – flipping the difficult problems of decarbonising a carbon intensive site, to using that site as the anchor load for local low carbon heating and hot water.
How do we get there?
But before this is realised, however, there is a need to reframe both the work and the workforce.
Access to the necessary electrical capacity is a core issue familiar to so many, yet often overlooked in national conversations about the topic. A recent session between Lexica's clients and MP Chris Skidmore focused on Mission Zero: A Net Zero Review of the UK Energy System, and it was obvious the breakthrough opportunity that the local energy plans present.
Put quite simply, planning ahead for local generation, transmission and distribution isn't yet the modus operandi (and reflects the wider knots of devolution, local government mandates and their ever-stretched budgets), but it's certainly the obvious trajectory.
As always, it's then about the people. The NHS is the world's first health service to set net zero targets and has ambitious plans to achieve them. The enthusiasm is palpable. And so, the success of achieving these targets will depend on the workforce's ability to perform in green jobs. Research from the Resolution Foundation into the skills required for green jobs found that the workforce must embrace new skills and approaches that prioritise non-routine analytical skills over routine manual skills.
The employees of the hospital of 2040 need to be able to pick up the phone to answer a plethora of enquiries, have a wide network both locally and beyond, be able to lead large teams and project manage major infrastructure. Getting the workforce there will require a shift in recruitment, skills and training, and career progression around the sector.
The journey towards a net zero hospital will be a people-powered revolution, driven by the existing ambition and dedication of the NHS workforce. What used to be niche and nerdy is now mainstream. Understanding energy technology is the base, but reframing the work and the workforce will get us there.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Mahout distance measure
All the distance measure classes are in org.apache.mahout.common.distance package.
They all implements the DistanceMeasure interface which also extends the Parametered interface.
There are two methods in the DistanceMeasure interface:
double distance(Vector v1, Vector v2)
double distance(double centroidLengthSquare, Vector centroid, Vector v)
You can create a new distance measure by implementing the DistanceMeasure interface 🙂
Mahout clustering
I have been exploring the mahout clustering packages. Some brief description of the codes
org.apache.mahout.clustering.kmeans.KMeansDriver is the main entry point. The run method setup the clustering job by specifying the input path to data points, path to initial k clusters, distance measure class used.
In the KMeansDriver, it also setup the settings in the Configuration as follows:
conf.set(KMeansConfigKeys.CLUSTER_PATH_KEY, clustersIn.toString());
conf.set(KMeansConfigKeys.DISTANCE_MEASURE_KEY, measureClass);
conf.set(KMeansConfigKeys.CLUSTER_CONVERGENCE_KEY, convergenceDelta);
KMeansConfigKeys is an interface which defines the config keys for the settings.
org.apache.mahout.clustering.kmeans.KMeansMapper loads the initial predefined clusters via the setup method. In the map method, it reads the VectorWritable and passes it to the KMeansCluster to do the clustering, comparing against the predefined clusters via the following call.
this.clusterer.emitPointToNearestCluster(point.get(), this.clusters, context);
In the emitPointToNeareastCluster, it finds the nearest cluster by comparing the distance to each cluster in the list. It then writes the cluster identifier and wraps the point in the ClusterObservations to HDFS.
context.write(new Text(nearestCluster.getIdentifier()), new ClusterObservations(1, point, point.times(point)));
In the KMeansReducer, it aggregates the list of ClusterObservations into a Cluster before writing it the Cluster id as key and Cluster as the value.
In the setup method, KMeansReducer loads the predefined initial cluster from HDFS path and creates the ClusterMap of key as cluster id and value as Cluster itself.


Now Reading:
Polish WWII massacre film causes shockwaves
Polish WWII massacre film causes shockwaves
In partnership with
Polish film Poklosie or Aftermath is a dramatisation of the massacre of more than 340 Polish Jews at Jedwabne in 1941.
It has caused shockwaves and soul searching throughout the country.
It tells the story of a Polish man who returns to his home village and finds himself reluctantly drawn into uncovering what happened there during the Nazi occupation.
He discovers that, at the instigation of the Nazis, local people – including his own father – had herded Jewish villagers into a building, burned them to death, and then taken over their houses.
Opponents of the film argue it discredits Poland by creating the impression that such events were the norm in wartime. Some have accused the actors of slandering their country. One, Maciej Stuhr, has even received death threats.
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I have a diagonal line and I have also a circles having a 100 meters in distance. The problem is that the circles are not really to the center of the line. I know this is quiet easy but I'm just confused on how to do it.. Could someone help me how to put the circles at the center of the line?
Here's what I've tried so far :
public void paint(Graphics g)
 Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
 int x0_pixel = 0;
 int y0_pixel = 0;
 int x1_pixel = getWidth();
 int y1_pixel = getHeight();
 int x0_world = 0;
 int y0_world = 0;
 double x1_world = 2000; // meters
 double y1_world = 1125; // meters
 double x_ratio = (double) x1_pixel / x1_world;
 double y_ratio = (double) y1_pixel / y1_world;
 int xFrom = 0;
 int yFrom = 0;
 double xTo = x1_world;
 double yTo = y1_world;
 int FromX_pixel = convertToPixelX(xFrom, x_ratio);
 int FromY_pixel = convertToPixelY(y1_pixel, yFrom, y_ratio);
 int ToX_pixel = convertToPixelX((int) xTo, x_ratio);
 int ToY_pixel = convertToPixelY(y1_pixel, (int) yTo, y_ratio);
 g2d.drawLine(FromX_pixel, FromY_pixel, ToX_pixel, ToY_pixel);
 double theta = Math.atan(yTo / xTo);
 int len = (int) Math.sqrt(xTo * xTo + yTo * yTo);
 int interval = 100;
 final double cosTheta = Math.cos(theta);
 final double sinTheta = Math.sin(theta);
 for (int distance = xFrom; distance <= len; distance += interval)
 double distance_x = distance * cosTheta;
 double distance_y = distance * sinTheta;
 int x_circle_pixel = convertToPixelX(distance_x, x_ratio);
 int y_circle_pixel = convertToPixelY(y1_pixel, distance_y, y_ratio);
 g2d.drawOval(x_circle_pixel, y_circle_pixel, 50, 50);
private static int convertToPixelY(int y_offset, double y_world, double y_ratio)
 return (int) (y_offset - (y_world * y_ratio));
private static int convertToPixelX(double x_world, double x_ratio)
 return (int) (x_world * x_ratio);
share|improve this question
Some comments and descriptions about what your code is doing would help a lot. Also an SSCCE would offer your best hope for a quick helpful answer. – Hovercraft Full Of Eels Oct 11 '11 at 2:11
1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
When you draw an oval, the first two parameters are the upper-left corner of the rectangle that holds the oval. The next two parameters are the width and height of this same bounding rectangle. Your current code places the upper-left corner on the line itself, but what you actually want is that the center of the bounding rectangle be placed on the line. The solution to your problem is to simply shift the upper-left corner over by 1/2 the diameter. Your code should have something like so:
public class GraphicsFoo extends JPanel {
 // avoid using magic numbers:
 private static final int CIRCLE_DIAMETER = 50;
 // override a JComponent's paintComponent method, not its paint method
 protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
 Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
 // make your graphics smooth
 //...
 final double cosTheta = Math.cos(theta);
 final double sinTheta = Math.sin(theta);
 // *** here's the key: ***
 x_circle_pixel - CIRCLE_DIAMETER / 2,
 y_circle_pixel - CIRCLE_DIAMETER / 2,
share|improve this answer
sorry for the late response, actually my problem is the only part in drawing the oval and you give me the exact code for that.. tnx.. it works.. I accept your answer.. ;-) – sack Oct 11 '11 at 10:33
Your Answer


text:
Tuesday 21 May
Pomarine jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus)
What's the World's Favourite Species?Find out here.
Pomarine jaeger fact file
- Find out more
- Print factsheet
Pomarine jaeger description
The largest of the jaegers, the pomarine jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus) is most distinctive in the summer, when it bears unusual spoon-shaped central tail feathers measuring up to 11 centimetres. These tail streamers are lost in the winter months, which can often make the adults difficult to distinguish from the juveniles (2) (4).
Pomarine jaeger adults may either be a light or dark morph. The majority of adults are the 'light' form, having dark brown upperparts and white underparts with a bold brown bar stretching across the chest. The top of the head is black and it has a bright white collar with a yellowish tinge on the sides of the neck. The underside of the wings fade from dark brown to white, with the edges becoming darker again (4). Dark morph adults are similar except the underparts, collar and sides of the neck are dark brown (4).
Juvenile pomarine jaegers differ in appearance to the adults, being brown all over except for the underparts which are patterned with blackish bars (4).
The name 'pomarine' originally comes from a Greek word meaning 'lid-nosed'. This is due to the fact that the bird has a pale, saddle-like covering on the base of the upper bill which gives it a two-tone effect (4).
- Also known as
- pomarine skua.
- Labbe pomarin.
- Head-body length: 46 - 51 cm (2)
- Wingspan: 125 - 138 cm (2)
- Male weight: 648 g (3)
- Female weight: 745 g (3)
- The flesh of a dead animal.
- Kept warm so that development is possible.
- One of two or more distinct types of a given species, often distinct colour forms, which occur in the same population at the same time (that is, are not geographical or seasonal variations).
- An area occupied and defended by an animal, a pair of animals or a colony.
- Treeless, grassy plains characteristic of arctic and sub-arctic regions. They are very cold and have little rainfall.
IUCN Red List (November, 2010)
- del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J. (1996) Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
- Maher, W.J. (1970) The pomarine jaeger as a brown lemming predator in northern Alaska. The Wilson Bulletin, 82(2): 130-157.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (November, 2010)
BirdLife International (November, 2010)
- Pitelka, F.A., Tomich P.Q. and Treichel G.W. (1955) Breeding behaviour of jaegers and owls near Barrow, Alaska. The Condor, 57(1): 3-18.
- Maher, W.J. (1974) Ecology of Pomarine, Parasitic and Long-tailed Jaegers in Northern Alaska. Cooper Ornithological Society, Los Angeles, California.
- Andersson, M. (1973) Behaviour of the pomarine skua Stercorarius pomainus Temm. with comparative remarks on Stercorariinae. Ornis Scandinavica, 4(1): 1-16.
- Custer, T.W. and Pitelka, F.A. (1987) Nesting by pomarine jaegers near Barrow, Alaska, 1971. Journal of Field Ornithology, 58(2): 225-230.
- view the contents of, and Material on, the website;
- download and retain copies of the Material on their personal systems in digital form in low resolution for their own personal use;
- teachers, lecturers and students may incorporate the Material in their educational material (including, but not limited to, their lesson plans, presentations, worksheets and projects) in hard copy and digital format for use within a registered educational establishment, provided that the integrity of the Material is maintained and that copyright ownership and authorship is appropriately acknowledged by the End User.
Pomarine jaeger biology
During the breeding season, between May and September (2) (5), the pomarine jaeger is highly dependent on the availability of its main food source, lemmings. Lemming populations grow and shrink cyclically every three to five years, and the pomarine jaeger only successfully reproduces when lemming populations peak (6).
The pomarine jaeger catches lemmings by chasing them across the ground and, if the lemming tries to evade the bird by entering its burrow, the pomarine jaeger will tear at the burrow with its beak to reach the lemming inside (8). The pomarine jaeger is the only avian predator which will dig for the lemming in this manner (4). It will also prey on other types of rodent (3) and when these are in short supply it will eat small birds (3) (9). Outside of the breeding season the pomarine jaeger eats a smaller number of rodents and instead eats more birds, carrion, fish and insects (3), which it obtains not only by scavenging and hunting, but also by stealing from other birds (4).
The pomarine jaeger builds its nest on marshy flat land (6). The female usually lays 2 eggs which are incubated for 25 to 27 days (6). The chicks leave the nest just two days after hatching (7), but it takes a further month for their feathers to become fully developed and for them to be able to fly (6).
When protecting its breeding territory the pomarine jaeger has a very nasal call and will simultaneously flap its wings higher up and more slowly than usual. If the intruder is not deterred, the pomarine jaeger will call and start to glide with its wings held in the shape of a 'V' to scare off the intruder. This species may also give a short call or a call that fluctuates in pitch to warn when predators are approaching (8).Top
Pomarine jaeger range
The pomarine jaeger breeds in the far northern reaches of Europe, Asia and America (2) (5). In the winter, the pomarine jaeger migrates to areas between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer, as well as along the coasts of Argentina and Australia (5).Top
Pomarine jaeger habitatTop
Pomarine jaeger status
The pomarine jaeger is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List (1).Top
Pomarine jaeger threats
Although the pomarine jaeger is not currently considered to be threatened with extinction (1), its dependence on lemmings does place it in a vulnerable situation. As the pomarine jaeger tends to not breed when there is a low lemming population (6) (9), any future threats to the lemmings will also impact greatly on the jaeger (4).
Other potential future threats include climate change, which could alter the pomarine jaeger's favoured habitats (5).Top
Pomarine jaeger conservation
Currently, there are no known conservation measures in place for the pomarine jaeger.Top
Find out more
Learn more about bird conservation:
This information is awaiting authentication by a species expert, and will be updated as soon as possible. If you are able to help please contact:
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This species is featured in Jewels of the UAE, which showcases biodiversity found in the United Arab Emirates in association with the Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Offer: Alston Bannerman Fellowship Program (for U.S. activists)
The Alston Bannerman Fellowship Program was founded in 1988 to honor and support longtime activists of color by giving them the resources to take time out for reflection and renewal. Fellows receive a $25,000 award to take sabbaticals for three months or more.
To qualify for an Alston Bannerman Sabbatical Fellowship, you must:
- be a person of color
- have more than 10 years of community organizing experience
- be committed to continuing social change work in communities of color
- live in the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa,or US Virgin Islands
Beyond the basic eligibility criteria, the Alston/Bannerman Program seeks applicants whose work:
- Attacks roots causes of inequity by organizing those affected to take strategic collective action.
- Challenges the systems that perpetrate injustice and effects institutional and structural change.
- Builds community capacity for democratic participation and develops grassroots leadership.
- Acknowledges the cultural values of the community.
- Creates accountable participatory structures in which community members have decision-making power.
- Contributes to building a movement for social change by making connections between issues, developing alliances with other constituencies and collaborating with other organizations.
2010 Fellowship Application Deadline is April 13


Greater Vestibular Glands | Bartholin's Glands
Greater vestibular glands, also known as Bartholin's glands, are two exocrine glands that lie under cover of the posterior parts of the bulb of vestibule and the labia majora. These glands are homologous to the male bulbourethral glands. They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina during sexual intercourse. The important difference between the greater vestibular glands of females and the bulbourethral glands of males is that the former are located in the superficial perineal pouch and the later in the deep perineal pouch.
Function:
As stated above, the greater vestibular glands secrete mucus to provide vaginal lubrication during sexual intercourse. The secretion is minute in quantity and is not the major factor in vaginal lubrication. Most of the lubricating substance comes from deep within vagina.


text: We investigate the use of non-cryogenic instrumentation for near IR spectroscopy. With this technique, it is possible to apply in the J and H bands some instrument concepts and observing techniques used in the visible. We present observations of the thermal background in H. We derive some instrument requirements for minimizing and handling it. We recommend the use of short wavelength cutoff wavelengths or linear filters in H. We present observations of the sky emission, and do confirm previous upper limits of the continuum emission between the OH lines. We discuss some applications of non-cooled near IR spectroscopy.


text: A water level measurement pole (bottom right) at the base of a path through riparian forest leading to the Bui Dam site on the Black Volta River. These measuring devices were placed when Soviet engineers began laying groundwork for the dam under Nkrumah's government. On the other side of the river is the mountainside against which the dam was later built, beginning in 2008. View towards north. Bui Dam site, 1994.


text:
National Stormwater Calculator
EPA's National Stormwater Calculator (SWC) is a desktop application that estimates the annual amount of rainwater and frequency of runoff from a specific site anywhere in the United States (including Puerto Rico). Estimates are based on local soil conditions, land cover, and historic rainfall records.
It is designed to be used by anyone interested in reducing runoff from a property, including
- site developers,
- landscape architects,
- urban planners, and
The Calculator accesses several national databases that provide soil, topography, rainfall, and evaporation information for the chosen site.


text:
Sacred Heart Jesuit Church
+353 61 31 7522 (Tourist Information)
In 1650 Fr. David Wolfe, a native of Limerick, who had known Saint Ignatius Loyola in Rome, came to Ireland as Papal Nuncio. He established a church and school in Limerick. Fr. Wolfe himself was executed in 1588. However, the Jesuits managed to maintain their connection with Limerick through some bad times. In 1859 they opened their school in the Crescent and in 1869 their present church was opened and dedicated to the Sacred Heart. The facade dates from 1900 and the church is well decorated inside. The side altar of Our Lady of Lourdes was the first such in Ireland. In the 1960s the adjoining Crescent College was closed, and the teaching staff moved to a modern comprehensive school in the southern suburbs.


text:
The Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle (Cicindela parowana) is a metallic green (dorsally and ventrally) beetle with distinct pattern of white markings on its wings. This species reaches 1.2 cm in length, and has bulbous eyes, slender legs and antennae, and a characteristic hop and fly escape movement similar to other tiger beetles.
The Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle, subspecies wallisi, was assessed as Endangered by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) and is listed as Endangered in Canada on Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA). In British Columbia, Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle is ranked S1 (critically imperiled) by the Conservation Data Centre and is on the provincial Red list. The B.C. Conservation Framework ranks Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle as a priority 1 under goal 3 (maintain the diversity of native species and ecosystems). Recovery is considered to be biologically and technically feasible.
The Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle may have always been rare within the ecosystems of the southern Okanagan. Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle was thought to be extirpated from Canada as extensive searches throughout the Okanagan Valley had failed to record the species within its known range. Historical records are from sites with vague site names and unclear habitat associations, and were also collected over 50 years ago. This vague information makes it difficult to describe habitat associations and search historical sites. However, upon going through unidentified specimens, it was noted that a specimen had been collected in 1996 outside of Oliver. Subsequently, the species has also been recorded in 2011 near Oliver. Only two extant sites are currently known.
The two extant records for Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle are within open ponderosa pine forest habitats, and not typical of the salt flat or alkaline habitats where the species was thought to have been collected historically. Thus, the species may still be within unchecked sparsely vegetated open ponderosa pine habitats. Once the habitat parameters for this species are better understood, more targeted surveys within the southern Okanagan can be conducted.
No significant threats are known at the two extant Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle sites; however, there may be threats to this species in unchecked habitat where it could still be found. Although historical threats to the species are unknown, it is likely that the habitat loss of sandy alkaline habitats and the more open habitats in the Okanagan Valley bottom has had an impact on this species.
The recovery (population and distribution) goal is to maintain all extant populations of Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle across the species? range in British Columbia.
The following are the recovery objectives:
1.To secure protection for all known extant sites of Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle.
2.To address knowledge gaps (e.g., range extent within the south Okanagan, habitat requirements for each life stage, species-specific threats).
B.C. Ministry of Environment. 2014. Recovery Plan for Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle (Cicindela parowana) in British Columbia. Province of B.C., B.C. Ministry of Environment. BC Recovery Strategy (Species at Risk)
Scientific Name: Cicindela parowana
English Name: Dark Saltflat Tiger Beetle
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text:
Correlation between Thermal Oxide Breakdown and Defects in n-Type 4H-SiC Epitaxial Wafers
In this work, the correlation between thermal oxide breakdown and dislocations in n-type 4H-SiC epitaxial wafers has been investigated. Thermal oxide was grown by oxidation in N2O at 1250°C followed by annealing in NO atmosphere. The electron beam induced current (EBIC) technique was employed to find correlations between the electrically active defects in epitaxial layers and regions where the oxide breakdowns occurred. The test measurements of leakage currents in MOS devices were performed in order to correlate the leakage currents with number of defects in the epi-layer detected by EBIC technique.
Akira Suzuki, Hajime Okumura, Tsunenobu Kimoto, Takashi Fuyuki, Kenji Fukuda and Shin-ichi Nishizawa
S. I. Soloviev et al., "Correlation between Thermal Oxide Breakdown and Defects in n-Type 4H-SiC Epitaxial Wafers", Materials Science Forum, Vols. 600-603, pp. 775-778, 2009


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Using tshark I tried to generate a dat file. The following is the command that I used to generate the fields using tshark:
$ C:\Program Files (x86)\Wireshark>tshark.exe -r "C:\swp-final-" -T
 fields -e frame.number -e frame.time -e eth.src -e eth.dst -e ip.src -e ip.ds
t -e ip.proto -E header=y -E separator=, -E quote=d -E occurrence=f > C:\thirty.
Tshark generates the output file in this format.
409 Jul 14, 2012 17:50:19.435836000 00:04:23:b7:3e:a3 00:04:23:b7:1a:0b 6
410 Jul 14, 2012 17:50:19.436084000 00:04:23:b7:3e:a3 00:04:23:b7:1a:0b 6
411 Jul 14, 2012 17:50:19.436110000 00:04:23:b7:1a:0b 00:04:23:b7:3e:a3 6
 1. I want to plot a graph for the numbers packets per second. How do I calculate the number of packets using the above mentioned data for specific flow?
 2. How do generate a log for the specific flows matching ip.dst== from the large pcap file?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
you can start with time 0(time of first packet)
count the number of packets until time increase by one second
repeat the above step for each second and you will get no. of packets per second
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Your Answer


Collaborate vs. Corroborate – What's the Difference?
When you work together with people toward a shared goal, are you corroborating with them, or collaborating with them?
Likewise, what are you doing when you confirm someone else's telling of events with your own account of what happened?
If you cannot decide which word refers to which scenario, you are not alone. All writers misuse words, and collaborate and corroborate are easy words to confuse. They sound very similar, and they are not commonly used verbs.
Still, they refer to different activities, and cannot be freely substituted for each other. You should be careful to use words intentionally whenever you write—and especially so when writing for professional or academic situations. These are the instances where collaborate and corroborate are more likely to be used anyway.
What is the Difference Between Collaborate and Corroborate?
In this post, I will compare collaborate vs. corroborate. I will use each word in example sentences to illustrate its proper use and context.
Plus, I will outline a mnemonic that you can use to decide whether collaborate or corroborate is the word you actually mean to use in your sentence.
When to Use Collaborate
collaborate versus corroborate What does collaborate mean? Collaborate is a verb. It means to work together on a project or activity.
For example,
 - "I would love to collaborate with my favorite author on my new novel, but my favorite author is dead," said the writer.
 - "Collaboration begets innovation!" Sue reminded her coworkers.
 - The effort to collaborate with and interact with a wider segment of Americans beyond D.C. politicians and staffers is essential, both to bring new ideas into the Beltway and to encourage private efforts in lieu of or to supplement public initiatives. –The Washington Post
When to Use Corroborate
Definition of corroborate definition and definition of collaborate definition What does corroborate mean? Corroborate is a also verb that means to confirm or verify, as if by outside, confirming evidence. Corroborate often appears in legal and scientific contexts.
For example,
 - "Security footage from the casino corroborates the suspect's story," said the investigator.
 - "Our findings are corroborated by a wide body of existing literature," said the researcher.
 - My plea of innocence was corroborated by eyewitness accounts that the robbery was actually committed by a flying robot.
 - Sergey Betov, a Belarussian doubles specialist, was first found to bear no fault or negligence in April, after the low concentration of meldonium in his sample was shown to corroborate his account of having last taken meldonium in October. –The New York Times
Trick to Remember the Difference
Define corroborate and define collaborate Here is a helpful trick to remember corroborate vs. collaborate.
Collaborate and corroborate are both verbs, but they mean different things. If you notice that the word collaborate contains the word labor, it should be easy to remember that collaborate means to work together. This way, you will always know which verb to choose.
Is it collaborate or corroborate? Many English users confuse these words because they sound so similar. However, there are no contexts in which they are interchangeable, and you must be careful to use the correct one when you write.
 - Collaborate and corroborate are both verbs.
 - To collaborate is to work together on something.
 - To corroborate is to confirm or support something with evidence.
One easy way to keep these words straight in your mind is by noticing that the word collaborate contains the word labor. Since collaborate means to work together and labor is a synonym of work, remembering when to choose collaborate is as simple as looking at its spelling.
In summary,
 - Collaborate means to work together.
 - Corroborate means to confirm with supporting evidence.


text:
If you are a radio amateur and have dozens, maybe hundreds of different electronic component, then check out this project. With it, you can organize the storage of parts. The automated storage and accounting system for electronic components is a unique solution for organizing and storing electronic components. Dedicated software enables component cataloging with built-in search functionality for quick access to specific components. LEDs above each drawer are used to indicate the location and status of individual parts or a group of components.
However, the idea behind this device can be applied not only in radio amateurs, but also in the accounting and storage system of other things or goods.
Tools and materials: -Power adapter 5V 3A; -Raspberry Pi 4 Model B; -Touch IPS-display compatible with Raspberry Pi 4B/3B; -LED strip WS2812b, 30 LEDs per meter;
-Black spray paint;
-Computer with software;
Step one : idea
photos above, the previous place of storage of components at the master. In principle, it is neat and sorted, but it takes a lot of time to find the right part.
To solve the problem, the master decided to automate everything.
The idea is to store all the components in one system. The storage system will consist of many drawers, and an LED will be installed above each drawer.
The user will use special software to interact with the storage system. When the user searches for components, the system displays the first search results on the screen. At the same time, the LEDs corresponding to the search light up, which indicates the location of the component in the storage system.
In addition to displaying the location, the color of the LEDs will also indicate the state (i.e. quantity) of each component.
So, to implement the project you need:
Create a simple storage and retrieval system for small to medium sized components.
Create a programming interface for cataloging and searching by component.
Use RGB LEDs to indicate the location and status of each component.
All files, print, code and etc. available here.
Step two: design
The master began the work with 3D-modeling of the storage system itself.
He developed a storage system in the form of blocks of boxes, of different sizes, printed on a 3D printer. The drawers are arranged in a 35 × 12 grid, 310 drawers in total. This space is sufficient to store all current components and there is room for future expansion.
The vertical distance between the drawers is designed to accommodate a 10mm wide LED strip above each row of drawers. The horizontal distance is equal to the distance between the LEDs on the LED strip. The master decided that using a 30 LED strip/meter would provide an ideal distance.
All parts, drawers and drawer holders are printed separately and assembled in the desired configuration. The boxes are available in a variety of sizes and any box configuration will work with the software after some code changes.
To minimize filament consumption and print time, the wall thickness of all 3D printed parts is minimized. Once assembled, the overall storage unit is strong enough to accommodate most light to medium components.
Since the storage system requires a display, the master designed an adjustable bracket for mounting the display and electronics.
All parts of the display bracket were designed for 3D printing and assembled with M8 bolts and nuts. The display bracket is designed to accommodate the HDMI display, Raspberry Pi and all wiring.
The bracket was developed based on a project at Thhingiverse.
< a href = "_URL_ rel = "prettyPhoto"> Step Three: 3D Printing
After 3D modeling all parts, hundreds of parts need to be printed.
Master used Prusa MK2S 3D printer for all 3D printed parts of this project. He used 0.2mm PLA filament with 0% infill.
Support material was only required for the medium-sized drawer holder and the large-sized drawer holder. The ideal tolerance between drawers and drawer holders is 0.2 mm.
After printing out all the individual pieces, he used superglue to put all the drawer holders together in a 35 × 12 grid.
The painting is due to the fact that the master did not have enough thread of the same color. He simply dyed the parts printed with a thread of a different color.
It took about 5 kg of thread to print all the parts.
Step Four: Electronics
On the electronics side, the hardware selection was pretty straightforward.
For the user interface, he chose a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B connected to a display via HDMI. You can also use the Raspberry Pi without a display and control the system from another device via the SSH network protocol. Older versions of Raspberry Pi can also work if they can run Python 3. The Neopixel library used in this project is not supported by Python 2.
For the display, he chose 30LED/m, WS2812b. Other LED strips will also work if supported by the Neopixel library.
In terms of wiring, three USB-C cables are used to supply power to the Raspberry Pi, display, and LEDs. The HDMI cable is used to connect the display and the Raspberry Pi.
Arduino Uno shown in the photo are optional. It is possible to transfer data to the Arduino via the serial port and use it as an LED controller, but for the sake of simplicity, the master decided not to use the Arduino in this project.
Since the Raspberry Pi GPIO only has 3V3, a four-level switch type could be included in the data line for the LEDs 74AHCT125. But so far he has had no problems.
A tutorial on using Neopixel with Python and Raspberry Pi can be found here.
< a href = "_URL_ rel = "prettyPhoto"> Step Five: Software Review
While all the parts were being 3D printed, the wizard began to develop software that controls the entire system.
The software is written in Python 3 and is designed to work as a console application for the Raspberry Pi. The functionality of the software can be divided into three parts:
Read from file/Write to file
Output of results to console and LEDs
The following functions are available to the user:
List all components: all
Search component by ID: ID22
Search component by parameters: R, 22, SMD
Change the quantity of component: ID35 + 10
Add new component: PI89: PI90, 100pcs, C, 470u, SMD: add
Delete existing component: ID10: rm
Read from file/write to file
Component data is stored in a .txt file. Depending on the input, the software either looks for data in the file or writes new data to the file. New data is recorded when components are removed, added or changed.
The program outputs the operation results to the console. If a search has been made, it also displays data on LEDs.
Step Six: Data Structure
Component data in a .txt file has a specific structure. Each line of the file contains information about one component that is stored in the system. Each component consists of several parameters, separated by a comma.
Some parameters are required and are used by the software to track component locations and LED colors. Therefore, they must conform to a specific format.
Required parameters and their formats:
ID (in IDX format, where X is one or more digits)
An identifier acts as a unique identifier for each component. Used when finding and removing components.
PI (in PIX format: where X is one or more digits)
PI describes which LEDs correspond to which component.
Quantity (in format Xpcs, where X is one or more digits)
Quantity is used to determine the LED color for each component.
The rest of the parameters are just for the user. The software doesn't need to interact with them, so their format is optional.
Step Seven: Build
The assembly can be divided into two parts, the first part is the display and the electronics.
The craftsman assembled the bracket and fixed the display on it. Then he fixed the display on it and Rusbury. Made a connection.
Second part is the organizer itself. The organizer is attached to the plywood through specially designed mounting holes.
Then LED strips are glued to each row and connected together. The configuration of each row and direction of the LED strip does not matter as it can be changed by software.
To complete the assembly, the wizard attached a display bracket with electronics to the side of the plywood panel.
Then sorted all the components by cell and added them to the file database.
< a href = "_URL_ rel = "prettyPhoto"> All ready. According to the master, he is very pleased with the new organizer.
Thanks to the master, and if you want to establish accounting and storage in a similar way, I advise you to read the comments at the source. There are a few ideas out there that can greatly improve and simplify the system.


text:
Join a conversation on October 528th with Port of Seattle's Port Commissioner candidates, Norman Sigler and Ryan Calkins (Position 1), Stephanie Bowman and Hamdi Mohamed (Position 3), and Toshiko Hasegawa and Peter Steinbrueck (Position 4) as they discuss their views on pressing climate change and environmental justice issues facing Seattle. As a valued community leader and Environmental Justice partner, we want to ensure you have a seat at the virtual table – and the opportunity to ask your questions to the future leaders of the Port of Seattle.
Twenty years ago, the Duwamish River, Seattle's only river, was designated as a federal Superfund site due to its troubling legacy of pollution challenges. During the Trump administration, the Port of Seattle was among those lobbying the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to gut Duwamish River cleanup efforts and allow more dangerous chemicals to remain. Seemingly in response to this advocacy, the EPA has now made public a proposal to weaken cleanup efforts. The Oct. 28 port commissioners' forum will create critical space for candidates to weigh in on proposed changes to the Duwamish River cleanup efforts, among other timely issues of interest to the local community, which shoulders the burden of Seattle's environmental injustices and is directly impacted by the Port's operations.
This event is presented by Duwamish River Cleanup Coalition and Seattle Parks Foundation but we want your voice to be heard too!
REGISTER HERE for the link
West Seattle, Washington


text:
Malaysia is set to attract over 2 trillion baht in investment in 2023, according to the Malaysian Investment Development Authority (MIDA). The report revealed that the approved investments in Malaysia during 2022 reached 264 billion ringgit (approximately 2.05 trillion baht) covering 4,454 projects and is expected to create 140,370 job opportunities for Malaysians.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) accounted for 61.7% of total investment, or 163 billion ringgit (about 1.26 trillion baht), while domestic direct investment accounted for 38.3%, or 101 billion ringgit (approximately 7.85 billion baht). China topped the list of all approved FDIs, followed by the United States, the Netherlands, Singapore, and Japan.
The service sector recorded the highest amount of approved investment at RM154 billion (approx. 1.19 trillion baht), followed by the manufacturing sector at RM84.3 billion, and agriculture at 26.3 billion ringgit (about 204 billion baht).
According to the Malaysian Minister of International Trade and Industry, Malaysia is making every effort to become the digital hub of ASEAN rapidly. This is due to the country's developed infrastructure in information and communication technology, knowledgeable and capable personnel in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, a strong intellectual property protection framework, and the rule of law.
Malaysia's steady economic growth has been attracting a considerable amount of foreign investment. With the government's efforts to provide a conducive business environment, the country aims to maintain its momentum and continue to attract investors, leading to further economic growth and job creation.


text:
Foreign Bank Entry and Business Volatility: Evidence from U.S. States and Other Countries
40 Pages Posted: 16 May 2003 Last revised: 2 Nov 2010
Date Written: May 2003
Theory suggests that bank integration (financial integration generally) can magnify or dampen the business cycles, depending on the importance of shocks to firm collateral versus shocks to the banking sector. In this paper, we show empirically that bank integration across U.S. states over the late 1970s and 1980 dampened economic volatility within states. Internationally, however, we find that foreign bank integration, which advanced widely during the 1990s, has been either unrelated to volatility of firm investment spending or positively related to that volatility. The results suggest the possibility that business spending may become more volatile as countries open their banking sectors to foreign entry.
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


text:
This spring, a fascinating new exhibition at the Scottish National Gallery
will explore the versatile and beautiful drawing medium of red chalk. Comprising some 35 works from the Gallerys world-class collection, Red Chalk: Raphael to Ramsay will showcase a diverse range of exquisite drawings by distinguished artists, such as Peter Paul Rubens, Salvator Rosa, Jean-Antoine Watteau, Francois Boucher and David Allan. The display will feature works which, due to their delicate nature are rarely on show, as well as a number of drawings being exhibited for the first time.
Red chalk was first used for drawing on paper in late-15th century Italy. Chalk is a naturally occurring mineral, quarried directly from the earth then cut into drawing sticks which can be hand-held or chipped into a point and set into a holder. Drawing chalk can also be made, using ground up natural chalk mixed with water to form a paste then rolled into drawing sticks. This display will highlight the ways in which artists have, over the centuries, exploited the unique nature of red chalk to produce an array of dazzling and distinctive effects that cannot be achieved with any other drawing medium.
The earliest drawing on display, and a highlight of the show, will be Raphaels Study of a Kneeling Nude. This beautiful life-study was made in about 1518 and is a preparatory drawing for one of a series of Raphaels painted frescos. The delicately drawn figure reveals not only the artists phenomenal skill as a draughtsman, but also his meticulous preparation for each composition.
Rosas powerful and arresting mid-17th century drawing, Head of a Bearded Man, is a fantastic example of red chalk being used to produce a highly expressive finished drawing, intended as a piece of art in its own right. A sheet of figurative studies by the influential Baroque draughtsman Pompeo Girolamo Batoni (170887), reveals the incredible precision and control that can be achieved with red chalk, whilst Rubens Four Women Harvesting from c.1630 demonstrates how effectively chalk can be used for rapid sketching, with the simplest and most minimal strokes.
Red chalk experienced a surge in popularity with French artists in the 18th century. Drawings in the display by Watteau and Boucher will showcase how the medium was used by artists of the Rococo period to produce highly decorative and elegant drawings. Studies by Fragonard and Hubert will also provide superb examples of red chalk being chosen as a useful medium for highly evocative depictions of the landscape.
Other highlights will include a preparatory study by Guercino for his monumental oil painting of Erminia Finding the Wounded Tancred (currently displayed in the main gallery), and the Scottish portrait painter Allan Ramsays iconic drawing from 1776 of his second wife, Margaret Lindsay. The show will also include works by artists David Allan, William Delacour and Archibald Skirving to illustrate how the medium was adopted in Scotland.
Whether used to draw a detailed study from nature, a summary sketch or a highly polished finished drawing, red chalk is an enduringly popular, richly expressive and unique medium for draughtsmen. Red Chalk: Raphael to Ramsay will showcase the breadth and variety of the Gallerys drawings collection whilst providing a wonderful opportunity to see beautiful and accomplished drawings by a selection of our most admired artists.


Advantco KAFKA adapter for SAP HANA Smart Data Integration (SDI)
SAP HANA smart data integration and SAP HANA smart data quality load data, in batch or real-time, into HANA (on premise or in the cloud) from a variety of sources using pre-built and custom adapters. The Kafka adapter is an example of a custom adapter made available by Advantco.
Apache Kafka is an open-source distributed event streaming platform for high-performance data pipelines, streaming analytics, data integration, and mission-critical applications.
In this blog, we discuss a solution to consume data from a KAFKA topic and to publish data to a KAFKA topic.
KAFKA topic setup
We create a topic on the KAFKA broker with two partitions. We publish a simplified DEBMAS to this topic. This topic has two partitions.
An Avro schema, defining the structure of the data, is associated for the topic value. This schema will define the table schema in HANA.
The Kafka adapter installation.
The Kafka adapter is deployed in the hosting environment where the Provision Agent was installed. After the deployment, we register the Kafka adapter to the HANA server which can be on premise or in the cloud. Note that each agent has an Agent Name.
HANA Development Workbench.
In this blog, we use the HANA Cloud instance. We use the HANA Workbench to define the connection to KAFKA broker by creating a Remote Source. We will also use the Workbench to create a replication task to consume data from a KAFKA topic into a real HANA table.
KAFKA Remote Source.
The Remote Source uses the registered KAFKA adapter that we deployed on the Provision Agent to create a connection to the KAFKA broker. To create the Remote Source, select the KAFKA adapter and the Agent Name. Specify the KAFKA broker hosts and ports, configure the parameters and do the connection test.
Virtual Table
Once the Remote Source is created, you should see the topics that were defined on the KAFKA broker. You can create a Virtual Table by right-clicking on a topic.
The Virtual Table schema is based on the Avro schema defined for the topic on the KAFKA broker side.
The Virtual Table is a direct connection to a topic, when querying the Virtual Table, you act like a KAFKA consumer. When inserting into the Virtual Table, you act like a producer.
Replication Task
In this step, we will create a task to replicate data from the KAFKA topic into a Real Table in HANA. This is done in the Editor section of the HANA workbench.
We select the Remote Source we defined above, specify the Target Schema and click on Add Objects to choose one or more topics that we want to replicate.
Once the topic is added, you can edit the column properties if needed.
Executing the task to start the replication task. You can monitor the progress with the Data Provisioning Design Time Object Monitor.
On the KAFKA broker side, you can see that the messages are being consumed.
The KAFKA adapter for SAP HANA SDI (Smart Data Integration) provides a very convenient way to replicate data from a KAFKA topic to a HANA table. The KAFKA adapter also supports publishing data from HANA to a KAFKA broker.


text:
The X-ray La 1, 2 emission spectra and LIII absorption spectra in Cu, Cu2O, CuCl, Cu2S, CuO, CuCl2, CuS, CuF2 and Cu(en)2Cl2 are investigated. It is shown that the emission spectra of divalent copper compounds are considerably distorted due to a sharp absorption peak near the LIII edge. The nature of this peak is discussed and a relation is made with satellite peaks in X-ray photoelectron spectra.
|Number of pages||8|
|Publication status||Published - 1973|


text:
LIBERO (Italy), DIE WELT (Germany), HEUTE, KLEINE ZEITUNG (Austria)
The tiny Greek island of Icaria is considering a referendum to break away from debt-saddled Greece, and become part of Austria, according to several European press reports. Icaria, which has a population of 8,000, could decide to become independent after its 100-year treaty with Athens expires later this year, Italian daily Libero reported.
The island, which is closer to mainland Turkey, became independent from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, though the freedom lasted a mere five months, before becoming part of Greece in November of that year. It derived its name from Icarus, the son of the master craftsman Daedalus in Greek mythology, who famously fell into the sea nearby after flying too close to the sun.
Berlin-based daily Die Welt reported that a spokesperson for Icaria's mayor Stafrinadis Christodoulos, said: "Athens has forgotten us, therefore we're thinking about an accession to Austria."
Austria's daily Heute was warmed by the prospect of their very own beach in the heart of the Aegean Sea, with an online poll showing 83% in favor of annexation.
But the sun-deprived Austrians shouldn't trade in their snowboards for water skis too soon. Austria's Kleine Zeitung reported that the Greek embassy in Vienna issued a statement stating: "Article 12 of the Lausanne treaty of 1923 confirms that the islands of the eastern Aegean, including Ikaria, belong to Greece."
Is this about modern Greek finances gone awry, or is Icaria telling another eternal tale of hubris?
An ancient monastery in Icaria (Wikipedia)


text:
Scripture Journaling Plan
Your Bible Journaling Plan – A Walk Through Romans
Your scripture journaling plan – your reading and writing passages can be found in Romans
The key word for Romans is faith – throughout this bundle you will be taking a walk through Romans and journaling your faith.
Romans was written by Paul in about AD57 near the end of the third missionary journey. The main synopsis of Romans is all about :
- the need for salvation
- the method of salvation
- salvation illustrated in the life of Abraham
- The blessing of salvation
- the scope of salvation
- life of holy service to God
- struggle with sinful tendencies
- the plan of salvation by faith
- Gods dealings with Israel
- The restoration
The scriptures are there for you to reflect, journal and encourage you to live a life with purpose.
This is a reference guide for you to come back on a daily basis to reflect on and journal on.
Take care Debbera xoxo


text:
The Thames Tunnel – The Brunel Museum
The Thames Tunnel is the world's oldest underwater tunnel, first opened to the public in 1843. Originally for pedestrians, it was later converted into a railway line. It's still in use today as a train tunnel – part of the London Overground line that stretches from Rotherhithe to Wapping Station.
While you can't walk through the Thames Tunnel, you can head underground into the spectacular Grade II* listed Tunnel Shaft which once served as the Grand Entrance Hall for Victorian visitors. You can still see where the original staircases once would have been and hear the rumbling train carriages below. In the Engine House, you can explore the main museum exhibition which tells the story behind the Thames Tunnel and those who built it. View the museum displays, discover the collection of original Thames Tunnel memorabilia and Victorian peepshows, and look out for the large-scale models of the tunnelling shield and machinery.
Visit The Brunel Museum for more information.


Adding Machines by IP Address to a Machine Group
Machines can be added to a machine group by entering individual IP addresses or by defining a range of IP addresses.
Adding an Individual IPv4 Address
1.Access the machine group.
2.Select the IP Address/Range tab.
3.Type the IP address in the Enter IP address box.
4.Click Add individual.
If you want to specifically exclude an IP address, enable the Exclude check box before you click Add individual. The IP address will be added to the machine list but will not be included in any scans. See Excluding Certain Machines for more information.
Adding a Range of IPv4 Addresses
1.Access the machine group.
2.Select the IP Address/Range tab.
3.Type the starting and ending IP addresses in the Enter IP range boxes.
4.Click Add range.
Adding an IPv6 Address
1.Access the machine group.
2.Select the IP Address/Range tab.
3.Type the IPv6 address in the Enter IPv6 address box.
4.Click Add individual.
Importing IP Addresses from an External Source
You can also add IP addresses by using the following buttons to import the addresses from an external source.

Import from file (individual)
and
Import from file (ranges)

You can import a list of individual IP addresses or a list of IP address ranges from a previously created text file. The text file can be created manually or it can be created using any network-based tool available to you. Each IP address in the text file must be separated by either a carriage return or a comma.
When defining an IP range, include a dash between the beginning and ending IP address:
172.16.1.1-172.16.1.255
Link to file (individual)
and
Link to file (ranges)
IP addresses can also be dynamically linked to a text file rather than imported. Linking a file to a machine group is different than importing its contents. Importing contents is a one-time operation after which the information from the file becomes a part of the machine group. When you link a file to a machine group, any changes that you make to the file are automatically reflected in the next scan. See Linking Files to Machine Groups for more information.

When IP addresses are added, the new entries are displayed within the bottom section of the machine group pane.
The recommended best practice is to always supply credentials for the machines in the machine group. See Supplying Credentials for more details.


Video input, Usb-camera, Usb-ply/edt – Sony DCR-IP1 User Manual
Page 68: Data code remaining
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background image
Using the Menu
68
VIDEO INPUT
When you connect your camcorder to the other device using the supplied A/V
connecting cable, select the plug to be used for video input.
USB-CAMERA
You can connect a USB cable (supplied) to your camcorder, and view the picture
displayed on the screen of your camcorder on your computer (USB Streaming
function). For details, refer to the "Computer Applications Guide."
USB-PLY/EDT
You can connect a USB cable (supplied) to your camcorder, and view the picture
on the tape or "Memory Stick Duo" in your camcorder on your computer. For
details, refer to the "Computer Applications Guide."
DATA CODE
REMAINING
G
VIDEO
Select to input a video signal.
S VIDEO
Select to input an S video signals.
G
OFF
Select to deactivate the USB Streaming function.
USB STREAM
Select to activate the USB Streaming function.
G
STD-USB
Select to view the picture on the "Memory Stick Duo".
USB STREAM
Select to view the picture on the tape.
G
OFF
Select when you do not want to display date, time and the camera
settings data during playback.
DATE/TIME
Select to display date and time during playback (p. 43).
CAMERA DATA
Select to display the camera settings data during playback.
G
AUTO
Select to display the remaining tape indicator for about 8 seconds:
– After the POWER switch is set to the PLAY/EDIT or
CAMERA-TAPE mode with the cassette inserted, and
your camcorder calculates the remaining amount of tape.
– When you touch
(play/pause).
ON
Select to always display the remaining tape indicator.
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text:
Emulsion soft templating of carbide-derived carbon nanospheres with controllable porosity for capacitive electrochemical energy storage
A new approach to produce highly porous carbide-derived carbon nanospheres of 20–200 nm diameter based on a novel soft-templating technique is presented. A platinum catalyst is used for the cross-linking of liquid (allylhydrido)polycarbosilane polymer chains with para-divinylbenzene within oil-in-water miniemulsions. Quantitative implementation of the pre-ceramic polymer can be achieved allowing precise control over the resulting materials. After pyrolysis and high-temperature chlorine treatment, the resulting particles offer a spherical shape, very high specific surface area (up to 2347 m2 g−1), and large micro/mesopore volume (up to 1.67 cm3 g−1). The internal pore structure of the nanospheres is controllable by the composition of the oil phase within the miniemulsions. The materials are highly suitable to be used as supercapacitor electrodes with high specific capacitances in aqueous 1 M Na2SO4 solution (110 F g−1) and organic 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile (130 F g−1).


text:
Italy and Coal: How to Phase It Out by 2025 in a Safe, Just and Sustainable Way
This study identifies the actions and policies Italy must undertake to phase out the use of coal in the electricity sector by 2025 in a safe, just and sustainable way. The study analyses and compares the available climate and energy scenarios at global, European and Italian levels in order to understand the role of coal-phase out in reaching the goals agreed for limiting global warming. The results of the study were discussed and elaborated together with the main industrial, civil society and institutional stakeholders at a workshop held in Rome on 4 October 2018.
Study prepared in the framework of the project "Delivering Italy's coal phase out – Policy options and international implications", conducted by the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) in collaboration with the European Climate Foundation (ECF).
1. Global and European challenges and scenarios
2. Italy's energy scenarios
3. Which actions are needed to phase out coal in a safe, just and sustainable way?


text:
- Pallet Qty: 48
Not For Sale In:
Shipping Weight 5.5 Pounds
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE SIZES
Key To Life® Easy Foliar is a kelp-based, vitamin-, hormone-, and nutrient-rich foliar spray that helps speed up growth, promote thick foliage and really boost yield. Due to the increased size of the stomata on the underside of leaves, plants are able to take in a much larger size of nutrient particle. This results in fast uptake and more efficient photosynthesis. Plants may absorb more nutrients through their leaves, experience improved overall vigor, and develop a larger canopy.


Nokia Lumia 521 - Why does my Lumia only show phone number of caller or SMS sender, although the contact name is listed in People hub?
The calling phone number may not match the contact name and therefore the name is not shown when you receive a call or SMS in the following situations:
 2. The phone number is in a different format than the number received in the incoming call. The phone number may have been stored in the local format while the incoming call number is in the international format (including country prefix), or vice versa. The number may not properly match a contact name in this situation, depending on the device variant and the length of the calling number. In order to verify the correct format of the contact phone number (local or international), check the number which is shown when the call is received and edit the contact details accordingly.
If the problem persists, make sure your phone is running the latest software. Click here to visit the software update support page and update your phone.


text:
This template uses Qt low level SQL API to interact with the database table or view.
The Simple Template has some advanced functionality not just contains UI and the generated Qt/C++ code that executes the SQL DML, But also contains a set of control buttons that are connected corresponding set of slots to execute query, new, delete, save and close operations.
So this template is ready to use and may not need any changes from the developer.
Files generated by Simple Generator.
Basic Generator (Continue).
Basic Template Part 1
3- Qt UI file (.ui file) for every class or database table or view.In this topic we will explain
The Qt UI file is an XML formatted file that Qt Designer UI uses to represent the widget components.
Sohag Developer's Basic generator generate this file for every class (Database table or view) in the project with following specifications
a- The file name is the same as class name but with all lower case letters.
Files generated by Basic Generator.
This template uses Qt low level sql api to interact with the database table or view.
1- A Qt project file (.pro file) for every Sohag Developer project.
2- A C++ main file (main.cpp file contains main function) for every Sohag Developer project.
3- Qt UI file (.ui file) for every class or database table or view.
4- C++ header file (.h) for every class or database table or view.
5- C++ implementation file (.cpp file) for every class or database table or view.


text:
Dayton Daily News: This local engineer helped capture the historic black hole image
June 19, 2019
The Dayton Daily News posted a Fascinating story on MTSI employee Ben Bosma's contributions to NASA's recent historic photo of a black hole.
"A Dayton engineer quietly played a pivotal role in NASA's recent historic photo of a black hole.
The image captured the world's attention in April, with NASA explaining that a global network of telescopes — dubbed the "Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration" — helped capture and stitch together the image.Ben Bosma, a retired Air Force fighter pilot and senior development engineer for Beavercreek defense contractor MTSI Inc., helped make that first-ever image possible."
CLICK HERE to view the full story.


text:
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main inorganic component of bone tissue. To form composite scaffolds with properties identical to native tissue, it is necessary to know how the shape of the HA particles influence on the cell properties. In this study we investigated the effect of the HA particles shape on the actin cytoskeleton organization (fluorescence microscopy) and the viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MTT test). After 5 days of cultivation in the presence of spherical particles, a greater number of viable cells where observed than the number of viable cells when cultured in the presence of needle-like particles. It is suggested that such dependence is due to a higher sorption capacity of proteins by the spherical particles surface having a large specific surface in comparison with the specific surface of needle-shaped particles.
|Translated title of the contribution||Influence of the hydroxyapatite particles form on the actine cytoskeleton organization and viability of bone marrow mesenchymal cells|
|Number of pages||4|
|Publication status||Published - 2018|
Scopus subject areas
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine


text:
Going Door-to-Door to Save Egypt's Pumpkins and Address Global Food Insecurity
How does one help save an iconic, nutritious Egyptian crop that will help meet the food security challenges resulting from climate change? An international team of researchers, led by the University of Massachusetts Amherst, discovered that the best way to start is to drive throughout central and northeastern Egypt, knock on the doors of small farmers, and ask for a handful of their pumpkin seeds.
The results of that labor, announced recently in Molecular Biology Reports, show that the team has successfully traced the biochemical and molecular variations of nine different pumpkin varieties grown in several climatic zones of central and northeastern Egypt. The research is a crucial first step in identifying which varieties of pumpkins are ideal for conservation and varietal improvement to meet the challenges in achieving food security in a changing world.
In the United States, we typically think of pumpkins only in the fall, when they appear in pies, cookies and lattes. But in much of the world, pumpkins are a dietary staple and are consumed year-round. Pumpkins are an especially nutritious source of fat, protein, vitamins A, C and E and various disease-fighting compounds that help prevent everything from cancer to reproductive malfunctions. But, as Emad Mady, a graduate student in environmental conservation at UMass Amherst and the paper's lead author, notes, not all pumpkins are the same.
"I first noticed this in Egypt," Mady says. Small Egyptian farmers have been growing the pumpkins for generations, patiently breeding them to thrive in the local conditions, which can vary widely across the country. However, large agricultural corporations have begun introducing pumpkin seeds to Egypt that are not native to the local conditions, threatening the survival of the traditional varieties. Moreover, because these newer commercial seeds have not been bred to the local conditions, they can actually exacerbate the problems of food insecurity.
"Our goal," says Mady, "is to determine which pumpkin cultivars are best suited for the local environments, and then use these cultivars as the basis for furthering pumpkin production in Egyptian agriculture."
To do so, Mady traveled across the country, visiting with small farmers, walking through their fields and collecting seeds. He then collaborated with colleagues in Egypt at Al-Azhar University and the Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute who ran a series of chemical and molecular tests on the seeds before they could degrade. These tests helped identify the nutritional value of specific local varieties, including their fat, moisture, protein, fiber, mineral and carbohydrate content, as well as the genetic markers that function as a unique fingerprint for each specific variety.
Once Mady's Egyptian colleagues completed their chemical and molecular work, he and his team at UMass Amherst and Springfield Technical Community College in the U.S. analyzed and categorized the findings. What they discovered is that there is significant variation in the nutritional value of the samples Mady collected, and that these varieties can be accurately identified using genetic analyses. Altogether, this collaboration of small farmers and international researchers has shown that local Egyptian pumpkins can be used to help develop future varieties that are highly nutritious and well adapted to Egypt's specific environment.
"One of the biggest problems in meeting the world's food security challenges," says Timothy Randhir, professor of environmental conservation at UMass Amherst and one of the study's co-authors, "is an international collaboration that can integrate local knowledge and resources to bring about positive change. This research is a model of how the small farming community and the scientific community can work together to address these pressing needs."


text:
What is the meaning of Christmas in the English language?
Christ + mas = Christmas?
Is it because Christ is associated with a cross that it sometimes reads X-mas?
And where is the mas coming from?
I am Portuguese, and in my language we call "Natal" what you call "Christmas", which are very different words. Sometimes our languages have similarities in origins, but both seem very different in this case.


text:
Downloads: 125 | Views: 181
Review Papers | Dental Science | India | Volume 7 Issue 1, January 2018
A Detailed Study on the Role of Photographic Objective in Dental Photography
Shamphavi.S | Aphara.S
Abstract: At present, photography plays a critical role in dental practice. Dental photography assists dentists in treatment planning, communicating with patients and to keep a track on treatment proceedings. To achieve the expected results in each of the above stage, it is important to capture the images with better resolution. The resolution depends upon the selection of lens. Even with best camera and good photographic skills, dental practitioners wont be able to produce a good image without a right lens. This article emphasizes the significance of lens in dental photography. At present, lens plays crucial part in determining the image quality. Recently, lens-less camera which could produce a 3-D image was developed. This study also covers the future of lens-less camera in dental photography.
Keywords: Dental, Photography, Resolution, Camera lens, lens-less camera
Edition: Volume 7 Issue 1, January 2018,
Pages: 2030 - 2032


text:
Tropical conditions are challenging to marine engines. Engines require both air and water for cooling, both of which act efficiently in removing heat. However, in the tropics, the warmer air and water temperatures reduce the efficiency of your cooling system. So, what can be done?
Marinediesel takes the first step in rating your engines for the operating climate. This is one of the benefits of using Marinediesel's VGT Series: our NIRA ECU allows such changes in rating, avoiding the sometimes large loss in horsepower often shown by the engines made by our competitors.
What can you do?
- Check the raw water intake and make certain that the seacock is opening / closing properly.
- Make certain coolant levels are topped up.
- Check your strainers for debris or blockages.
- Check your exhaust system to make certain there are no blockages.
- Make certain the air filter is clean and there are no blockages.
- Keep your fuel tank topped up. Warm weather increases condensation in the tank and thus, the likelihood of introducing water in the fuel.
- Make certain that the louvers venting into the engine compartment are not blocked and that there is adequate ventilation. If not, a blower may be required in extreme conditions.
All of this sounds like basic maintenance procedures, and much of it is detailed in your engine manual. It just pays in the long run to pay extra attention to these items if the vessel will be operated in harsh conditions.


Names Categorized "dawn"
This is a list of names in which the categories include dawn.
Afërdita f Albanian
Means "daybreak, morning" in Albanian, from afër "nearby, close" and ditë "day".
Agim m Albanian
Means "dawn" in Albanian.
Alba 1 f Italian, Spanish, Catalan
This name is derived from two distinct names, Alba 2 and Alba 3, with distinct origins, Latin and Germanic. Over time these names have become confused with one another. To further complicate the matter, alba means "dawn" in Italian, Spanish and Catalan. This may be the main inspiration behind its use in Italy and Spain.
Altan m Turkish
Means "red dawn" in Turkish.
Aruna m & f Hinduism, Indian, Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi
Means "reddish brown, dawn" in Sanskrit. The Hindu god Aruna (अरुण) is the charioteer who drives the sun god Surya across the sky. The modern feminine form अरुणा is also transcribed as Aruna, however the modern masculine form is Arun.
Arushi f Hinduism, Indian, Hindi
From Sanskrit अरुष (arusha) meaning "reddish, dawn", a word used in the Rigveda to describe the red horses of Agni. This name also appears in the Hindu epic the Mahabharata belonging to a daughter of Manu and the wife of Chyavana, though in this case it might derive from Sanskrit आरुषी (arushi) meaning "hitting, killing".
Aurora f Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, English, Romanian, Finnish, Roman Mythology
Means "dawn" in Latin. Aurora was the Roman goddess of the morning. It has occasionally been used as a given name since the Renaissance.
Aurore f French
French form of Aurora.
Ausma f Latvian
Means "dawn" in Latvian.
Aušra f Lithuanian
Means "dawn" in Lithuanian.
Avrora f Russian, Ukrainian
Russian and Ukrainian form of Aurora.
Ayelet f Hebrew
Means "doe, female deer, gazelle". It is taken from the Hebrew phrase אַיֶלֶת הַשַׁחַר ('ayelet hashachar), literally "gazelle of dawn", which is a name of the morning star.
Dawn f English
From the English word dawn, ultimately derived from Old English dagung.
Eos f Greek Mythology
Means "dawn" in Greek. This was the name of the Greek goddess of the dawn.
Fajr f Arabic
Means "dawn, beginning" in Arabic.
Fioralba f Italian (Rare)
Combination of Italian fiore "flower" and alba "dawn".
Gry f Norwegian, Danish, Swedish
Means "to dawn" in Norwegian, Danish and Swedish.
Gwawr f Welsh
Means "dawn" in Welsh.
Hajna f Hungarian
Shortened form of Hajnal. The Hungarian poet Mihály Vörösmarty used it in his epic poem Zalán Futása (1825).
Hajnal f Hungarian
Means "dawn" in Hungarian.
Hajni f Hungarian
Diminutive of Hajnal or Hajnalka.
Koit m Estonian
Means "dawn" in Estonian.
Li 1 f & m Chinese
Nishant m Indian, Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati
Means "night's end, dawn" in Sanskrit.
Rhoxane f Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek form of Roxana.
Roxana f English, Spanish, Romanian, Ancient Greek (Latinized)
Latin form of Ῥωξάνη (Rhoxane), the Greek form of the Persian or Bactrian name روشنک (Roshanak), which meant "bright" or "dawn". This was the name of Alexander the Great's first wife, a daughter of the Bactrian nobleman Oxyartes. In the modern era it came into use during the 17th century. In the English-speaking world it was popularized by Daniel Defoe, who used it in his novel Roxana (1724).
Ruxandra f Romanian
Romanian form of Roxana.
Sahar f Arabic, Persian
Means "dawn" in Arabic.
Seher f Turkish
Turkish form of Sahar.
Seong-Ho m Korean
From Sino-Korean (seong) meaning "completed, finished, succeeded" or (seong) meaning "abundant, flourishing" combined with (ho) meaning "stove, bright" or (ho) meaning "daybreak, bright". Many other hanja character combinations are possible.
Shachar f & m Hebrew
Means "dawn" in Hebrew.
Shahar f & m Hebrew
Alternate transcription of Hebrew שַׁחַר (see Shachar).
Sung-Ho m Korean
Alternate transcription of Korean Hangul 성호 (see Seong-Ho).
Taner m Turkish
Means "born at dawn" in Turkish.
Uhtric m Anglo-Saxon (Hypothetical)
Derived from the Old English elements uhta "pre-dawn" and ric "ruler, mighty".
Ushas f Hinduism
Means "dawn" in Sanskrit. This is the name of the Hindu goddess of the dawn, considered the daughter of heaven.
Vihaan m Indian, Hindi
From Sanskrit विहान (vihana) meaning "dawn, morning".
Zarja f Slovene
Slovene variant of Zora.
Zerach m Biblical Hebrew
Hebrew form of Zerah.
Zerah m Biblical
Means "dawning, shining" in Hebrew. This is the name of a son of Judah and the twin of Perez in the Old Testament.
Zora f Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Bulgarian, Macedonian
From a South and West Slavic word meaning "dawn, aurora".
Zoraida f Spanish
Perhaps means "enchanting" or "dawn" in Arabic. This was the name of a minor 12th-century Spanish saint, a convert from Islam. The name was used by Cervantes for a character in his novel Don Quixote (1606), in which Zoraida is a beautiful Moorish woman of Algiers who converts to Christianity and elopes with a Spanish officer.
Zorana f Croatian, Serbian
Feminine form of Zoran.
Zorica f Serbian, Croatian, Macedonian
Serbian, Croatian and Macedonian diminutive of Zora.


Headband Instructions
Nylon loops are machine washable in cool water, and machine dry-able at low temperature.
Make Hand Chains
Hold up hand, palm facing you.
 1. Twist loop back and forth over each finger.
 2. With new color loop, repeat Step 1.
 3. Starting with finger #1, lift lower from back of finger over upper loop and top of finger. Repeat with each finger in turn.
 4. With new color loop, repeat Steps 2 and 3.
Continue to repeat until small "chain" is formed in palm of hand. Tug gently on first loop to begin to stretch chain. It takes about 5 or 6 loops through last loop on finger #1, then #2 etc., to join chain into a circle. Knot ends together to secure.
Make Hand Chain Belts
Measure waist. Double length for double wrapped belt and add 36 inches to this measurement to allow for 18 inch ties. Make hand chain in desired pattern for length needed. Tie loops at each end to secure and slip ends through back of chains on wrong side of belt.


this case, the number of
$ !
ways you can choose is & 7# .
2
Case 2: If the golden apple is not among your choice, you must choose 3 apples from
$ !
the remaining 7 red apples. For this case, the number of ways you can choose is & 7# .
3
% ²
Thus, &8# = & 7# + & 7# .
$ 3! $ 2! $ 3!
% ² % ² % ²
Proof:
Statement Numerical Example Reason
& n # + & n #
$ k ¢ ! $ k !
% 1² % ²
& 7# + & 7#
$ ! $ !
% 2² % 3²
n = 7, k = 3, k –1 =
2
= n! + 7! + 7! 1.
(k ! 1)!(n ! (k ! 1))! 2!(7 ! 2)! 3!(7 ! 3)!
n!
k!(n ! k )!
= k(n!) + = 3(7!) + 5(7!) 2. n +1 – k = 5
k(k ! 1)!(n + 1 ! k )! 3(2!)(7 ! 2)! 3!(5)(7 ! 3)!
 (n + 1 ! k )(n!)
k!(n + 1 ! k )(n ! k )!
= k(n!) + (n + 1 ! k )(n!) = 3(7!) + 5(7!) 3.
k!(n + 1 ! k )! k!(n + 1 ! k )! 3!(5!) 3!(5!)
= k(n!) + (n + 1 ! k )(n!) = 3(7!) + 5(7!) 4.
k!(n + 1 ! k )! 3!(5!)
= (k + n + 1 ! k )(n!) = (3 + 5)(7!) 5.
k!(n + 1 ! k )! 3!(5!)
= (n + 1)(n!)
k!(n + 1 ! k )!
= 8(7!)
3!(5!)
6.
= (n + 1)!
k!(n + 1 ! k )!
= 8!
3!(8 ! 3)!
7.
= n + 1#
$ k !
% ²
= &8#
$ 3!
% ²
8.
Lesson Plan – 2
Subject: 11.8 Binomial Theorem Measurable objectives:
 - Students will be able to explain the proofs of the Binomial
 - Students will be able to calculate the sequence of binomial coefficients with TI-83/84 Plus graphic calculators.
Warm-Up: Expand (x – 2)3. Class work: Expand (a b)3.
Score discussion: Have students carry out (a b)3 polynomial multiplication in vertical format. Then have them substitute a by x, b by 2 to find the answer to the warm-up activity.
Page 742, Copy Binomial Theorem to your notebook.
(x + y)n =
n ¢ n xnkyk
!% k ²
k =0 & #
Group Activity: prove the Binomial Theorem; refer to the handout: Lesson 2.
Materials: Pages 741 ~ 744, Schultz, Ellis, Hollowell, Kennedy, Engelbrecht,, (2004),
Algebra 2, Holt Rinehart, and Winston, ISBN: 0-03-070044-2 TI-83 Plus graphic calculators
Handout: A Proof of the Binominal Theorem Slide: TI-83/84 Plus seq() Function Format
Daily homework: [Page 745 of the textbook, #22]
Write the summation as a binomial raised to a power; then write it in expanded form:
6 ¢6 $ x6kyk
!% k ²
k =0 & #
Handout: Lesson 2 – A Proof of the Binomial Theorem
Directions: Complete the worksheet as a group activity. Your mission is to fill out the missing reasons by following the instructions in {Hint: …} in Steps 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 forn the proof of the Binomial Theorem – version 1. For version 2, fill in the blanks in the Reason column. We will prove that version 2 is equivalent to version 1. Here is the Binomial Theorem:(x + y)n =
n ¢ n xnkyk … Form 1
!% k ²
k =0 & #
(x + y)n =
n ¢ n xkyn-k… Form 2
!% k ²
n # =
k =0 &
n!
#
are the binomial coefficients, and n! denotes the factorial of n; that is,
$ k !
k!(n ! k )!
% ²
n! = n(n – 1)(n – 2)…(2)(1).
Mathematical Induction
The mathematical induction consists of two steps:
 - Basics step: showing that the statement holds when n =
 - Induction step: showing that if the statement holds for n = m, then the same statement also holds for n = m +
The proposition following the word "if" in the inductive step is called the induction hypothesis (or inductive hypothesis). To perform the induction step, we assume the induction hypothesis (that the statement is true for n = m) and then uses this assumption to prove the statement for n = m + 1.
The idea behind mathematical induction is like a donimo effect. In order to prove that a statement about natural numbers is true for all natural numbers, we first verify that the statement is true for the number 1. Then we prove that if it is true for a natural number m, it must be true for m + 1. Since it is indeed true for the number 1, it must be true for the number 2. Since it is true for the number 2, it must be true for the number 3, and so on.
The following sketch illustrates this idea.
Number line
The Binomial Theorem
(x + y)n =
n ¢ n xnkyk … Form 1
!% k ²
k =0 & #
Proof (BT-1):
 - Basics step
When n = 1, (x + y)1 =
¢1 $ x1–kyk = &1 # x1–0y0 + &1# x1–1y1 = &1 # x + &1# y = x + y.
!% k ²
$ 0!
$ ! $ 0! $ !
k =0 & # % ²
%1²
% ² %1²
 - Induction step
Assume (x + y)m =
m ¢ m xmkyk, which is the induction hypothesis. We want to show
!% k ²
k =0 & #
that (x + y)m+1 = m+1 ¢ m + 1$ xm+1–kyk.
k
!% ²
k =0 & #
For n = m + 1,
Statement Reason
(x + y)m +1 = (x + y)(x + y)m 1. {Hint: Textbook page 95}
= x(x + y)m + y(x + y)m 2. {Hint: Textbook page 87}
= x ¢ m xmkyk + y ¢ m xmkyk
m m
!% k ² !% k ²
k =0 & # k =0 & #
3. {Hint: What is the name of the proposition after the word "if" in Mathematical Induction? See above. What is the proposition? See the Induction step.}
= ¢ m xm+1–kyk + ¢ m xmkyk+1
m m
!% k ² !% k ²
k =0 & # k =0 & #
4. {Hint: Textbook page 95, and page 87}
= xm+1 + m ¢ m xm+1–k k m ¢ m mk k+1
!% k ² y + !% k ² x y
k =1 & # k =0 & #
5. Extracting the first term, xm+1, from the first summation (k = 0)

= xm+1 + ¢ m xm+1–kyk + ¢ m xm+1–kyk
m m+1
!% k ² !% k ( ²
k =1 & # k =1 & 1#
6. Adjusting the index k in the second summation so that it starts with 1 instead of 0
= xm+1 + m ¢ m xm+1–k k m ¢ m $ m+1–k k m+1
!% k ² y + !% k ( ² x y + y
k =1 & # k =1 & 1#
7. Extracting the last term, ym+1, from the second summation (k = m
+ 1)
m & m # & m #
= xm+1 + ([$ k ! + $ k ¢ !] xm+1–kyk + ym+1
k =1 % ² % 1²
8. Combining the two summations in the middle
m ¢ m + 1$
= xm+1 + !% k ² xm+1–kyk + ym+1
k =1 & #
9. {Hint: What is the name of the property that
& m # + & m # = & m + 1#


Telling a Story with Test Code
 You block advertising 😢
Would you like to buy me a ☕ instead?
A few weeks ago, I wrote about naming unit tests BDD style using Given/When/Then. In this article, I have expressed the thought that I do not like to repeat information in the description and in the expect statement. After writing some tests the way I've described in this article, I noticed a couple of drawbacks.
Keeping test code DRY?
Generally speaking, the principles of DRY do not apply to test code. And even more, generally speaking: DRY is not a principle you should follow blindly. But still, I find it not ideal to repeat certain information in tests (and code in general).
describe('sum()', async (assert) => {
 assert({
 given: 'no arguments',
 should: 'return 0', // This is the same information as ...
 actual: sum(),
 expected: 0, // ... this.
 });
});
The example above is taken directly from an excellent article about a similar topic from Eric Elliott. Although I like the straightforwardness of his RITE way very much, I don't like the repetition of information. But avoiding repetition might not be the best thing to do anyway. What's more is that it's harder to tell a story that way, which, in my opinion, makes this approach less practicable for testing UI components. Still, I'm very tempted to take a closer look at Eric's RITE way in the future.
describe('deposit()', () => {
 describe('Given the balance is 1.000 €.', () => {
 const bankAccount = {};
 beforeEach(() => {
 bankAccount.balance = 1000;
 });

 describe('When making a deposit of 100 €.', () => {
 const amount = 100;
 const theBalance = deposit({ amount, bankAccount });

 test(
 'Then I expect the balance to be 1.100 €.',
 () => expect(theBalance).toBe(1100),
 );
 });
 });
});
This example may not seem too bad at first glance, but we all know what happens when time passes, and several developers work on this piece of code: at some point, the text in the description and the value in the expect statement no longer match.
// Time has passed, requirements have changed,
// the 'expect' statement was updated, the
// test description was not.
test(
 'Then I expect the balance to be 1.100 €.',
 () => expect(theBalance).toBe(1200),
);
That was the main reason for me to establish the rule that the description text describes the When and the expect() statement replaces the Then.
describe('deposit()', () => {
 describe('Given the balance is 1.000 €.', () => {
 // ...
 test('When making a deposit of 100 €.', () => {
 // ...
 // Then I ...
 expect(theBalance).toBe(1100);
 });
 });
});
Unfortunately, there are situations where this does not work very well.
describe('calcAnswerValueAverage()', () => {
 describe('Given there are unanswered questions.', () => {
 const questions = [
 {
 id: 1,
 // ...
 answer: {
 text: 'Yes',
 value: 2,
 },
 },
 {
 // ...
 answer: {
 text: 'Partially',
 value: 1,
 },
 },
 {
 // ...
 answer: null,
 },
 {
 // ...
 answer: null,
 },
 ];
 test('When calculating the average value.', () => {
 const value = calcAnswerValueAverage(questions);
 expect(value).toBe(1.5);
 });
 });
});
In the test code above, there is one critical piece of information missing: the expectation of how empty answers should be handled. When taking a closer look, we might find out that it seems like unanswered questions are ignored when calculating the average value. Ideally, we want to be able to take the test code as a blueprint for writing the implementation. This is not possible if we write such tests.
describe('calcAnswerValueAverage()', () => {
 describe('Given there are unanswered questions.', () => {
 // ...
 describe('When calculating the average value.', () => {
 const value = calcAnswerValueAverage(questions);
 test(
 'Then I expect unanswered questions to be ignored.',
 () => expect(value).toBe(1.5),
 );
 });
 });
});
Now in this example it is absolutely clear how the calcAnswerValueAverage() function is expected to behave.
calcAnswerValueAverage()
 Given there are unanswered questions.
 When calculating the average value.
 Then I expect unanswered questions to be ignored.
You can give those instructions to a developer and they should know how to build something that fulfills those requirements.
If we go back to the deposit example, we can change it up a bit so we can avoid the repetition problem altogether.
 describe('deposit()', () => {
 describe('Given the balance is 1.000 €.', () => {
 // ...
 describe('When making a deposit of 100 €.', () => {
 // ...
 test(
- 'Then I expect the balance to be 1.000 €.',
+ 'Then I expect the balance to be updated.',
 () => expect(theBalance).toBe(1100),
 );
 });
 });
 });
I'm not 100% certain if it is better to give up clarity for the sake of avoiding repetition. But in many cases, which are more like the calcAnswerValueAverage() example, tests written that way are more useful in comparison to repeating information in the expect statement.
Objections
It may seem like a lot of work to write our tests this way. I believe that writing the specifications of our components and functions in plain english can help us tremendously in understanding the problem we are trying to solve more thoroughly. And this, in turn, can help us to write a more straightforward implementation.
Wrapping it up
An important aspect of test code is that it can serve as documentation of how your application should behave in certain (edge) cases. Therefore it might be worth it to have redundancy if, in return, we get a perfectly obvious specification of how our application is expected to behave. It's a trade-off.
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Ontario universities are continually reviewing and reinvigorating teaching and learning strategies to ensure that students leave universities prepared for a successful future. Examples of innovative strategies in teaching and learning were recently published in a report called Beyond the Sage on the Stage. Universities are also engaged in a variety of research initiatives designed to improve teaching in collaboration with the Higher Education Quality Council of Ontario (HEQCO). These include: skills for student-focused learning, effective use of technology, orienting new faculty and graduate students to best practices and degree program restructuring.
Ontario universities have also implemented a new Quality Assurance Framework based on learning outcomes and third party scrutiny. A report called Ensuring the Value of University Degrees in Ontario outlines how learning outcomes are embedded in university courses and how degree level expectations define what university graduates know and what skills they have acquired from their degree.
Read about groundbreaking teaching and learning methods.
Find a teaching and learning centre at an Ontario university.
Read the report Beyond the Sage On the Stage: Innovative and Effective Teaching and Learning at Ontario Universities, for examples of different teaching and learning strategies from across the province >
Read the report Ensuring the Value of University Degrees in Ontario, to find out more about learning outcomes, degree level expectations, and the Quality Assurance Process in Ontario >
Ontario's Degree Level Expectations >
AUCC's "Great Beginnings" - a resource to enhance quality and innovation in undergraduate education >