text:
Background: Recent studies show that the combined use of Large-Volume Metrology (LVM) systems can lead to a systematic reduction in measurement uncertainty and a better exploitation of the available equipment. Unfortunately, the sensors of a specific LVM system are usually able to localize only specific targets and not necessarily those related to other systems; this represents an obstacle when using combinations of different LVM systems.
Objective: This paper describes the design of a new modular probe, with different typologies of targets and integrated sensors, which allows to simplify the measurement process.
Method: The originality and inventive content of the proposed invention is documented by a literature review, from the dual perspective of scientific articles and patents. Next, a detailed description of the technical and functional characteristics of the probe is provided and a mathematical/statistical model for the real-time probe localization is presented.
Results: The probe is versatile as the number of targets, their typology and spatial position can be customized depending on the combination of LVM systems in use. Also, it can integrate additional sensors (such as two-axis inclinometer and compass), which contribute to the probe localization. The mathematical/statistical model for the real-time probe localization is efficient, as it is based on a system of linearized equations, and effective, as the equations are weighed with respect to their uncertainty contribution.
Conclusion: The new multi-target modular probe is potentially key tool to promote the combined use of LVM systems.


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A Metamorphmagus
Remus Lupin on his infant son's Metamorphic abilities[src]
Difference between Animagi and Metamorphagi
"Metamorphmagi are born, not made."
—Tonks explaining to Harry about Metamorphmagi[src]
Using Metamorphic abilities
—Tonks regarding her Metamorphmagus abilities[src]
Nymphadora Tonks changing her facial features at will and with ease
It is unknown whether Metamorphmagi receive any training in developing their innate skill, or if they learn through trial and error; given their rarity, it is unlikely that much training is available. However, Tonks has shown that she only needs to concentrate a little to change her appearance, so it may be simply a matter of the Metamorphmagi wanting to change. While it has been debated whether Animagi transformations and Disapparition require a wand, it seems Metamorphmagi do not need theirs to utilise their abilities, as Tonks has claimed that other wizards need a wand or potions to transform, meaning Metamorphmagi such as herself are not restricted as such.
Tonks angry
Tonks' hair changing colour under the influence of her emotion
It is unknown if Metamorphmagi must register with the Ministry of Magic like Animagi must, as Metamorphmagi did not choose to become what they are, while Animagi did. Although unlike Animagi, Metamorphmagi do not possess any distinct markings that come with their transformation, so it would be far more difficult to keep track of them for any signs of ability abuse.
Like many other types of magic, a Metamorphmagus' abilities are affected by his or her emotional state. The person's appearance at any moment will often reflect the emotion the person is feeling at the time. Strong emotions, such as shock or sadness, can affect their abilities to the point of having trouble using them at all. For example, Nymphadora Tonks had difficulty using her abilities following Sirius Black's death, when she was depressed over her feelings for Remus Lupin.[3]
Metamorphic abilities can be very helpful when it comes to disguises. For example, Nymphadora Tonks was able to put her abilities to use in performing espionage for the Order of the Phoenix. She also got full marks in Concealment and Disguise of her Auror training, implying that this ability can be used for official examinations and competitions.[1]
Albus Dumbledore wrote an article examining whether it was possible for Metamorphmagi to use their transformational abilities to disappear without a trace in a 1926 issue of Transfiguration Today.[4]
Known Metamorphmagi
Behind the scenes
 - In latin, the female form of Magus is Maga. However, female Metamorphmagi are never refered to as "Metamorphmaga" or "Metamorphmagae", which would be the female plural, in canon.
Notes and references
Ad blocker interference detected!


text:
Published in: International Conference on Psychology in a Changing Europe, Book of abstracts, p. 30, BEEPG, Banska Bistrica
Role of local databases for a peripheral discipline in a peripheral country: trials with SocioFakt
Abstract: Some shortcomings of global databases (SSCI, PsycInfo, etc.) are discussed, and some pros and cons for building local psychological databases in peripheral countries are evaluated. The SocioFakt, a local bibliographic database recently developed to cover national needs for secondary information in psychology and related disciplines, is presented. Various decisions on the structure and the format of the database are argued. BiSA, a separate module of the database and standalone software, specifically designed for the purpose of scientometric analysis, is explained. Possible benefits from regional information exchange are stressed, and some prospects for international cooperation are outlined.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


new color pair and return its index. Throws an exception if a new pair cannot be added.
 - void redefineColor(short color, short r, short g, short b) - redefine a color with given index. Throws an exception if the color cannot be redefined.
 - short addColor(short r, short g, short b) - add a new color with given RGB content. Return the index of the new color. Throws an exception if a new color cannot be added.
 - short addColor(RGB color) - same.
 - void removePair(short pairIndex) - mark a pair for overwriting.
 - void removeColor(short colorIndex) - mark a color for overwriting.
 - void initDefaultColors() - initialize color pairs from StdColor enum. This is called if you request standard colors in Curses configuration.
Helper things
struct WChar
The return type of the getwch() method. Has following (read-only) properties:
 - bool isSpecialKey - indicates whether the WChar contains a result of pressing a function key.
 - int key - if isSpecialKey is true, contains the pressed key. Undefined otherwise.
 - wint_t chr - if isSpecialKey is false, contains the typed character. Undefined otherwise.
struct CChar
A struct representing a wide character with attributes. Uses alias this, so it can be used whereever a cchar_t is expected.
Two constructors are available:
this(wint_t chr, chtype attr = Attr.normal)
this(const wint_t[] chars, chtype attr = Attr.normal)
The first one constructs a CChar from a single wide character, the second one - from a string of wide characters.
enum Attr
A set of possible (and binary OR-able) attributes for drawing characters. Following attributes are available:
 - normal
 - charText
 - color
 - standout
 - underline
 - reverse
 - blink
 - dim
 - bold
 - altCharSet
 - invis
 - protect
 - horizontal
 - left
 - low
 - right
 - top
 - vertical
enum StdColor
A set of default colors:
 - black
 - red
 - green
 - yellow
 - blue
 - magenta
 - cyan
 - white
struct RGB
Used to represent colors. Has three fields:
 - short r - the red component.
 - short g - the green component.
 - short b - the blue component.
enum Key
A set of constants that getch may return. For the full set, see the table in man 3 getch. As a general rule, you can get a Key.something from corresponding KEY_SOMETHING by dropping KEY_ part and changing the rest to lower case. The only exception is KEY_BREAK, with corresponding Key.codeBreak, to avoid using a keyword as an identifier.
enum Align
 - left
 - center
 - right
Usage as an UI library
When using 'nice-curses' as a UI library, you still need to initialize it as was shown before. In addition, you need to create an UI object. The constructor takes a Curses object, a Window object, and an optional UI.Config struct:
UI.Config cfg = { /* Some configuration. */ };
auto ui = new UI(curses, curses.stdscr, cfg);
After that, you can construct some UI elements. All of the currently available UI element classes take UI object as the first argument of their constructors so there's no need to explicitly add them to the UI object via addElement method.
Assuming you use the usual processing loop approach, you need then to read keyboard input with getwch and feed it to the UI via its void keystroke(WChar key) method. Note that this method may raise an exception to deliver UI elements' reaction to the key to the main loop. Those exceptions all inherit from UISignal class, and have sender field which contains the element that reacted to the keystroke.
Note that while whenever a list of WChars is given below, the conversion from plain char or Key via WChars constructor is omitted to avoid unnecessary clutter.
Below will be given the list of currently available pre-made UIElement classes.
class UI
An UI object has following publicly available methods:
 - void keystroke(WChar key) - process a keystroke from the user. This can change currently focused element and raise an exception inheriting from UISignal class.
 - void draw(bool erase = true) - draw the UI, optionally erasing the window first.
 - void drawElement(UIElement elem, bool active) - draw a single element, which may or may not be focused.
 - void move(Window to) - move the entire UI to the different window.
 - void addElement(UIElement e) - add an element to the UI. Note that it's unnecessary to call this for standard UI elements as they do that already in their constructors.
 - void changeFocus(int by) - change currently focused element.
 - void changeFocus(UIElement newFocused) - ditto.
Two constructors are available:
 - this(Curses curses, Window window, Config cfg = Config())
 - this(Curses curses, Config cfg = Config())
The first one associates the UI with a given window, the second one uses stdscr.
struct UI.Config
This struct controls how the UI reacts to certain keys. It has two fields, WChar[] nextElemKeys and WChar[] prevElemKeys. When a key that is in nextElemKeys is sent to the UI via keystroke, the focus will change to the next focusable visible element. Likewise, if a key that is in prevElemKeys is sent, previous focusable visible element will be selected.
class Menu(T)
A class for scrollable menu with multiple entries. The class is parametric on the values that can serve as its entries. When a menu is active, its header is drawn in reverse mode.
Two constructors are available:
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x,
 string delegate() header, Config cfg = Config());
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x, string header,
 Config cfg = Config());
The first one creates a menu with a dynamic header, the second one - with a static one.
Menus throw a Menu!T.Signal when a key that is in enter field of menu's configuration is pressed and when (but only if signalChange in config is true) the chosen entry is changed.
Available methods:
 - T chosenValue() - return currenly chosen value.
 - void addEntry(T value, string delegate() text) - add an entry with dynamic text to the menu.
 - void addEntry(T value, string text) - add an entry with static text to the menu.
struct Menu!T.Config
Has following fields:
 - WChar[] down = ['j', Key.down] - when a key from these is pressed, next entry in the menu is chosen.
 - WChar[] up = ['k', Key.up] - likewise, but the previous entry is chosen.
 - WChar[] enter = ['\n', '\r', Key.enter] - when a key from these is pressed, signal the chosen value to the processing loop.
 - Align alignment = Align.center - controls whether the menu is left-justified, centered or right-justified.
 - bool signalChange = false - controls whether the menu will throw a Signal when the chosen entry changes.
class Menu!T.Signal
Has sender field inherited from UISignal and T value field which contains the chosen value from the menu.
class Button
A class for pressable buttons. When a button is active, it's drawn in reverse mode.
Two constructors are available:
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x,
 string delegate() text, Config cfg = Config());
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x,
 string text, Config cfg = Config());
The first one creates a button with dynamic text, the second one - with static.
Buttons throw a Button.Signal when a key that is in enter field of button's configuration is pressed.
struct Button.Config
Has following fields:
 - WChar[] enter = ['\n', '\r', Key.enter] - when a key from these is pressed, signal it to the processing loop.
 - Align alignment = Align.left - controls the way button's text is aligned.
class Button.Signal
Has a single field sender inherited from UISignal.
class Label
A class for text containers. Labels are not selectable and can't signal anything to the processing loop.
Two constructors are available:
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x,
 string delegate(


text:
The Meaning and Measure of Vertical Resolution in Optical Surface Topography Measurement
AbstractVertical resolution is the most widely quoted and most frequently misunderstood performance specification for equipment that measures surface topography. Here I propose to use internationally standardized terms and definitions for measurement noise and surface topography repeatability as more meaningful quantifiers for measurement performance. A specific example is an interference microscope operating with a 100 Hz, 1 k × 1 k pixel camera, and a sinusoidal phase modulation to convert intensity data to a height map. The measurement noise is found experimentally to be 0.072 nm for a 1 s data acquisition using a surface topography repeatability test, which determines the random height-equivalent noise level for an individual pixel in the areal surface topography map. Under ideal conditions, the measured noise is equivalent to the instrument noise that may be published in a performance specification in place of the more common, but poorly defined, vertical resolution specification. View Full-Text
Share & Cite This Article
de Groot, P.J. The Meaning and Measure of Vertical Resolution in Optical Surface Topography Measurement. Appl. Sci. 2017, 7, 54.
de Groot PJ. The Meaning and Measure of Vertical Resolution in Optical Surface Topography Measurement. Applied Sciences. 2017; 7(1):_URL_ Style
de Groot, Peter J. 2017. "The Meaning and Measure of Vertical Resolution in Optical Surface Topography Measurement." Appl. Sci. 7, no. 1: 54.
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The Hittite Notion of Border. A practical view
The Hittite cuneiform texts (16th-12th cent. BCE) contain a number of detailed descriptions of borders of various countries and territories. Such fragments, mainly found in the international treaties as well as the annals of the kings, clearly reflect the particular formal interest on the part of the Hittite rulers in specific delimitation of political territories.
Although the Hittite listings of the topographical points, which make up a frontier can extend over many lines of texts, one never finds any use of cardinal directions which would indicate the position of these points. Instead, the Hittite scribes applied a peculiar internal reference system that combines the position of the speaker and another point of reference in order to locate a specific part of the border.
The talk will briefly review the corpus of the Hittite border descriptions and discuss how such fragments were conceptualized. It will also tackle the question, whether they reflect a 'bird's eye', cartographic view of the land, or rather a ground-level, hodological perspective.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


text:
You know the saying about looking a gift horse in the mouth. Just be careful you don't end up looking like the other end of the horse.
This comes from the folks at the Emily Post Institute. As you might imagine, they specialize in, among other things, the etiquette of gift-giving at work — what's appropriate, inappropriate and disastrous. So, here's a test to see if you're up on the latest from the Institute (answers at the bottom):
1. Which of the following is considered an inappropriate gift to someone at work?
e. All of the above
2. You're invited to an after-work holiday party at your boss' home. An inappropriate gift to bring would be –
c. A poinsettia plant
d. All of the above are appropriate.
3. True or false: Giving your boss a gift in the workplace is appropriate.
4. You're a man in a workplace in which everyone exchanges gifts. It's OK to give a woman a gift certificate to Victoria's Secret. True or false.
5. In a workplace in which everyone exchanges gifts, it's inappropriate to give a dictionary to a new employee whose first language is not English. True or false.
1. e. Just about any gift of that type is considered too personal for someone who's a work colleague.
2. b. Generally, alcohol is considered an inappropriate gift, especially for the boss.
3. False. Workplace gifts for the boss, given individually, are considered inappropriate, since such gift-giving can appear to be an attempt to curry favoritism. However, it's OK for a group to chip in for a gift for the boss.
4. False. Again, gifts that are of a personal nature generally are out of bounds. Plus, they might send the wrong message.
5. True. Any gift that potentially serves to underscore a worker's fault or shortcoming is inappropriate — even if given in the spirit of trying to help.


.NET 5 Applications and Class Libraries Used and Their Purpose
Blash uses a number of.NET projects in it's solution.
In addition to the Blash API and the Blazor WebAssembly application, it also uses a number of class libraries to integrate these two applications together.
We will have a look at the different.NET projects in the Blash source code, and what their purpose is.
The RoundTheCode.Blash.Data assembly is a class library that mirrors the tables used in the SQL Server database as classes.
In-addition, there are some extra classes, such as DashboardModel. This class is used by the Blash API and Blazor WebAssembly application, and is used when a new dashboard is created.
The RoundTheCode.Blash.Data assembly is shared by both the Blash API and the Blazor WebAssembly application. As a result, it shares classes used by both projects, such as creating a tweet, or returning a dashboard with it's tweets.
The RoundTheCode.Blash.Shared assembly is a class library that is primary used for logging.
Blash extends the logging feature that comes with ASP.NET Core to allow for writing log files to text files.
This library is used with RoundTheCode.Blash.TwitterApi and RoundTheCode.Blash.Api, mainly to log events in background tasks, or when an exception is thrown.
The integration of the Twitter API is used in the RoundTheCode.Blash.TwitterApi library.
It's a class library that performs HTTP requests to the Twitter API and returns it's response.
This request is done through the Blash API and it will wait until it gets a response. From there, the Blash API can store information in it's database, such as the dashboards available and the tweets to display.
The Blash API is the central part of Blash.
Using the ASP.NET Core Web API application, it has a number of methods inside its controllers to create and delete dashboards.
In-addition, it has a number of background jobs, where it communicates with the Twitter API. These include:
 - Getting a list of rules from the Twitter API and converting them into dashboards.
 - Getting a list of recent tweets from the Twitter API and placing them in the appropriate dashboard.
 - Listening to real-time tweets from the Twitter API, based on the rules setup.
Finally, the Blash API has a SignalR hub set up. The purpose of this hub is so it can send or receive any changes that might happen with the Blazor WebAssembly application.
Examples of this might include creating a new dashboard, or receiving a real-time tweet. These sort of events need to be communicated with all clients that are using the Blazor WebAssembly application.
The Blazor WebAssembly shows the application to the user.
The user has the ability to create and delete dashboards. In-addition, the user can view the most recent tweets for these dashboards, and receive real-time tweets.
The Blazor WebAssembly application has communication with the Blash API. When it starts up, it connects to the Blash API through a SignalR connection.
In addition, when a dashboard is created, or deleted, it will call an endpoint on the Blash API to perform that task.


More LaTeX and Beamer Tips
1. Platform-independent specification of paths
% Windows Mac or Linux
2. Spacier Lists
3. Code listings
4. Emacs-RefTeX Table of Contents
 (setq reftex-section-levels
Top 5 Beamer Tips
Here are my top 5 tips for using Beamer, the popular LaTeX package for producing slides.
1. Navigation Symbols
I've seen hundreds of talks with slides prepared in Beamer. I've yet to see anyone use the navigation symbols that Beamer puts at the bottom right-hand corner of the screen. These should be turned off with
\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
2. Extra Slides
If you include extra slides at the end of your talk, you can stop them affecting the page count (usually shown in the footer) as follows:
\begin{frame}{First Extra slide}
The appendixnumberbeamer package might not be included in your LaTeX distribution, in which case you can download it from CTAN.
3. References
You can include references in your slides using the following code, best placed after \appendix:
4. Sections
In a longer talk it can be useful to break the talk into sections and produce an outline slide at the start of each section. This can be done by putting in the preamble the code
and then typing \section[short_title]{long_title} between frames, where short_title is used for the headline (the line at the top of the screen that can contain various types of information, intended to help the audience know where you are in the talk). In this code I have increased the size of the font used for the outline and made it bold. If you don't want the headline it can be turned off with
5. Columns
A good way to line up graphics side by side, especially if they are of different heights, is with Beamer's columns environment:
\begin{columns}[c] % Columns centered vertically.
\column{5.5cm} % Adjust column width to taste.
\includegraphics...
\includegraphics...


Registration Dossier
Physical & Chemical properties
Currently viewing:
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Zinc dilaurate is considered to be void of any explosive properties.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
non explosive
Additional information
According to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the study does not need to be conducted if there are not any chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule (cf. Annex VII section 7.11 Column 2 of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006). According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance (November 2012), zinc dilaurate does not contain functional groups that are directly associated with explosive properties.
However, since oxygen is present in the molecule, the oxygen balance (OB) according to the following chemical reaction and mathematical equation (Lothrop et al) was calculated:
CxHyOz + [x + (y/4)-(z/2)]. O2 → x CO2 + (y/2) H2O
using the formula: OB = -1600 [2x +(y/2) -z] / molecular weight,
where: x = Number of carbon atoms, y = Number of hydrogen atoms, z = Number of oxygen atoms.
In the following, the calculations which are in accordance with the requirements set forth in the ECHA guidance are briefly described. The calculations were performed for Zinc dilaurate.
Molecular formula (zinc dilaurate): Zn (C12H23O2)2
Molecular weight: 464.01 g/mol
OB=-1600[48+23-4]/ 464.01 = -231.03
The absence of reactive groups in the structural formula and the oxygen balance being less than –200 indicate that the substance will not decompose violently under formation of gases or release of energy (and thus does not pose a risk for explosivity). Thus, testing does not need to be conducted and a negative result can be predicted.
Zinc dilaurate is therefore considered to be void of any explosive properties. Finally, it is noted that despite the long-term use of zinc dilaurate, it is not classified for explosive properties according to UN transport regulations and derogation from testing is hereby applied for.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The substance zinc dilaurate is considered to be void of any explosive properties.Therefore, classification is not required for explosiveness according to CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 and Directive 67/548 EEC.


text:
In the vast agricultural expanse of Pakistan, farmers rely on robust equipment to maximize crop yields. Among the many tools available, the disc plough has earned its place as an indispensable companion to the tiller. This article aims to provide insight into the factors that determine the disc plough price in Pakistan, helping both seasoned farmers and newcomers make informed decisions.
The Role of Disc Plough for Tractor in Agriculture
Disc ploughs are essential agricultural implements used for primary tillage. Their primary function is to break and turn over the soil, burying crop residues and weeds deep into the ground. This process creates a fertile seedbed for the next crop, promoting healthy plant growth and increased yields.
Average Disc Plough Price in Pakistan
The average price of a disc plough in Pakistan varies based on the factors mentioned earlier. On average, you can expect to invest between PKR 210,000 to PKR 320,000 for a reliable disc plough from a reputable brand.
|Disc Plough Type||Prices in PKR|
|Conventional Disc Ploughs||Rs. 210,000|
|Hydraulic Disc Ploughs||N/A|
|Reversible Disc Ploughs||N/A|
Read Related Articles:
Types of Disc Ploughs
1- Conventional Disc Ploughs
Conventional disc ploughs are the most common type and are usually affordable. They are simple to operate and suitable for various soil conditions, making them a favorite among Pakistani farmers.
2- Hydraulic Disc Ploughs
Hydraulic disc ploughs offer advanced features, such as adjustable working depths and hydraulic controls. These ploughs are ideal for precision farming, but their prices are higher compared to conventional models.
3- Reversible Disc Ploughs
Reversible disc ploughs, as the name suggests, can be used in both directions. This versatility can significantly reduce the time and effort required for ploughing but comes at a higher price point.
Factors Affecting Disc Plough Prices in Pakistan
Brand and Manufacturer
Respected and renowned brands known for their unwavering commitment to quality typically come with premium price tags. Manufacturers with a history of producing reliable agricultural equipment are preferred by Pakistani farmers.
Size and Capacity
The size and capacity of the disc plough play a significant role in determining its price. Larger ploughs with higher capacity are more expensive due to their ability to cover more land in less time.
Material and Durability
The materials used in the construction of a disc plough affect its longevity. Ploughs made from high-quality materials tend to have a higher initial cost but can offer better value in the long run.
Disc plows may come with extra features like adjustable blade angles, depth control, and hydraulic systems. These features can increase the price but also enhance performance.
Popular Brands in Pakistan
Several brands have gained the trust of Pakistani farmers, including Massey Ferguson, New Holland, and John Deere. These brands offer a wide range of disc ploughs to suit different needs and budgets.
Why Quality Matters?
Quality is a paramount consideration when it comes to choosing a disc plough for your agricultural needs in Pakistan. The importance of quality cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the efficiency and effectiveness of your farming operations. A high-quality disc plough is not only more durable but also ensures that the soil is properly tilled and prepared for planting. It helps in burying crop residues and weeds deep into the ground, creating an optimal seedbed for your crops.
Quality ploughs are less prone to breakdowns, reducing downtime and maintenance costs. Moreover, they contribute to higher crop yields and overall farm productivity, making them a wise long-term investment. In the challenging and diverse agricultural landscape of Pakistan, where soil conditions can vary significantly, choosing a quality disc plough is essential for achieving consistent and successful results in your farming endeavours.
Maintenance Tips for Disc Ploughs
Maintaining your disc plough is crucial to ensure its longevity and optimal performance. Here are some essential maintenance tips to keep your disc plough in top shape:
- Regular Cleaning: After each use, clean your disc plough thoroughly. Remove any soil, debris, and crop residues that may have accumulated on the plough's components. Pay special attention to the disc blades, coulters, and bearings.
- Inspect for Wear and Tear: Regularly inspect all parts of the disc plow for signs of wear and tear. Check for bent or damaged disc blades, worn-out bearings, and loose bolts or nuts. Swiftly replace or repair any components showing signs of wear and tear to maintain optimal performance.
- Lubrication: Proper lubrication is key to preventing friction and corrosion. Lubricate moving parts such as pivot points, bearings, and joints regularly. Use the recommended lubricants specified in the manufacturer's guidelines.
- Blade Maintenance: The disc blades are critical for effective plowing. Maintain their sharpness by either sharpening or replacing them when necessary. Dull blades can result in uneven tillage and increased fuel consumption.
- Hydraulic System Check: If your disc plough has a hydraulic system, inspect it for leaks and proper functioning. Ensure that hydraulic hoses and connections are in good condition. Timely attention to hydraulic problems is essential to proactively safeguard your equipment from potential damage.
Where to Buy Disc Ploughs in Pakistan?
From Zeeshan Agro, commonly known as Zeeshan Zarai Alat
When it comes to purchasing high-quality disc ploughs in Pakistan, one trusted and well-reputed source is Zeeshan Agro, commonly known as Zeeshan Zarai Alat. This esteemed agricultural equipment provider has carved a niche for itself in the industry, known for its commitment to quality and customer satisfaction. Here's why choosing Zeeshan as your supplier for disc ploughs is a wise decision:
- Extensive Range: We offer an extensive range of disc ploughs, catering to various agricultural needs. Whether you require a conventional disc plough, hydraulic disc plough, or reversible disc plough, they have a diverse selection to choose from.
- Quality Assurance: ZeeshanAgro is synonymous with quality. Their disc ploughs are manufactured to stringent standards, ensuring durability, efficiency, and long-term reliability. Investing in a plough means investing in a product that can withstand the rigours of Pakistani agriculture.
- Expert Guidance: Our knowledgeable staff can provide expert guidance to help you choose the right disc plough for your specific requirements. They understand the unique challenges faced by Pakistani farmers and can recommend the most suitable equipment.
- After-Sales Support: We are committed to customer satisfaction beyond the point of sale. They provide excellent after-sales support, including spare parts availability, servicing, and technical assistance, ensuring that your investment continues to perform optimally.
- Reputable Brand: We also have earned a reputable name in the agricultural community of Pakistan. Farmers trust their products and services, making them a go-to choice for reliable farming equipment.
Read Related Articles:
Conclusion of Disc Plough Price in Pakistan
In the realm of Pakistani agriculture, a disc plough is more than just a piece of equipment; it's a key player in the journey from soil preparation to bountiful harvests. Understanding the factors that influence disc plough prices is essential for making a wise investment in your farming endeavours. By choosing the right disc plough and maintaining it properly, you can contribute to the growth of your agricultural enterprise.
Frequently Asked Questions
A disc plough is primarily used for primary tillage, breaking and turning over soil to create a fertile seedbed for crops.
Hydraulic disc ploughs offer advanced features, making them suitable for precision farming, but they come at a higher price point. The choice depends on your specific needs.
Regular maintenance after each use is recommended. Follow the manufacturer's guidelines for best results.
While disc ploughs are designed for normal soil conditions, some models can handle rocky terrain. Check the manufacturer's specifications for suitability.
Reversible disc ploughs can be used in both directions, increasing efficiency and reducing ploughing time. However, they are typically more expensive.


the new wizard pretending to be a new user, and I ran into trouble trying to paste code.
This is the help for adding code: enter image description here
The help gives the impression that the user has to hit the space bar four times for every line of code.
There should be a code button like the usual template, or the wizard should at least mention the Ctrlk shortcut for formatting code.
Since formatting is something that new users often mess up on, the wizard should put in every effort to turn out well-formatted posts. This has to begin with a comprehensive guide on how to format properly. This is one way that the wizard could really help. In fact, it is the obvious way to teach new users how to handle code in posts, but the wizard is misleading instead of helpful.
: Please add the necessary material to help new users format their code.
I think the matched title search needs to work better.
Normally we put in the title first, then the question then the tags, so it's as good as it gets. Now we are putting in tags then title. The title search should reflect the tags. For instance I asked about Unity, and I had the Unity3d tag, but the first 5 titles had nothing to do with unity. Similar problems, but in other platforms making them completely unrelated. I got bored of looking at titles before I reached anything unity related.
Now that we have the tags, we should show questions with the same tags first as suggestions for previously asked
I know that technically, this is "ok". The tag is not a tag but included as a part of the sentence. Meh. But please do not encourage newbies to repeat information. Their title should state what the problem is. I see too many titles that are basically just the tags with some auxiliary verbs sprinkled in. If it's tagged already, I don't need that repeated in the title.
And while we are at it: I think questions should ask a question, so even if you don't want to implement that in the wizard, it would be nice if we could at least lead by example and have our example headlines ask a question. Including the proper punctuation.
How about using placeholders in the form?
Question guide screen alternative
This would allow the person to read all the examples immediately before writing (since some might not read/notice the changing examples in the sidebar).
I just used simple unicode characters for the icons in the placeholders:
Examples:
✔ "Include lines 12-23 of /file.php"
❌ "Don't paste entire /file.php"
✔ "Indent four spaces to format your code"
❌ "Don't paste line 23 only"
I don't think the following wording is clear enough, especially to someone new to asking technical questions:
Describe expected and actual results.
It would be better to be more explicit, along these lines:
What result were you expecting to see? What actually happened instead?
Or more in line with the existing wording:
Describe the result you were expecting, and then describe the result that actually happened.
It is great to get the opinion of veteran users on this much needed new tool...
But is there a "next stage" of testing:
Getting new users (aka: zero rep) users to try it, without instruction
... and see how they do?
Unless there's major opposition to this idea, when I'm back on in a few hours, going through new VBA/Excel questions as regularly do, when I come across poorly written questions from newbies (Rep 0-5) I will ask if the user is willing to resubmit their question with this tool, with no input from me, then the user and I will look at the two questions, together decide which is better, and promptly delete the other one, and I will make notes on the process and report back here.
I'll only do this on 2 or 3 questions to start, but that's the true test of this wizard, right? VBA is a slow enough category on a Friday night that any confusion over the duplicates will be minimal.
 - 2
 We're actually doing both. We've been doing user testing with users outside of the meta community (even before we posted here) and we're planning to continue doing so as we get closer to the experiment stage. Stay tuned! – Jon Chan Jun 22 '18 at 21:51
 - _USER_ good to hear! Will this testing include "brand new" (zero rep) users? Seems to me that's where the real issues will come to light since they are the most likely to "break" the wizard, or to misunderstand the process. The wizard is a great idea and I look forward to the full launch! – ashleedawg Jun 23 '18 at 1:34
 - 1
 _USER_ I am curious if it will be obvious which questions were created by the wizard, and whether the user will be able to re-enter the wizard after the question is posted. – ashleedawg Jun 23 '18 at 1:36
 - 1
 I haven't tried working my way through the entire template. I didn't know if there was a point of no return I might accidently skip over. If the system could recognise if this is the first time you have used the wizard and before/after submit give you short scoring questionnaire e.g. ease of use 1-3, were the question tips easy to understand, and a final suggested improvements free text box...... might this be a way to gather more feedback? The user could opt out of completing...... I guess could be detrimental if new users viewed it as an additional hurdle. – QHarr Jun 23 '18 at 4:22
 - _USER_ actually on that thought, combined with my previous comment -- it would be nice if we could identify from SEDE which questions were produced by the wizard, because we could easily compare questions scores and results for questions with/without the wizard – ashleedawg Jun 23 '18 at 22:34
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text:
REACH Partners in Health
Community Health Councils (CHC) was awarded a Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health: Obesity & Hypertension Demonstration Project 2012 grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as part of the US Department of Health and Human Services' Public Health Prevention Fund.
The $7.7 million award will support Partners in Health, a three-year project to develop and implement "replicable and scalable" policy, systems, and environmental changes in South Los Angeles - an urban, racially and ethnically diverse and underserved community.
Over $4 million in subcontracts will be provided to our partners and local community organizations for their roles in improving the health of our communities.
The project collaborates with CHC, the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, the Los Angeles Unified School District, and University of Southern California researchers. It is designed to reduce disparities in obesity rates and hypertension for African Americans and Hispanic/Latino residents in the West Adams, Baldwin Hills, and South Los Angeles Community Plan Area of South Los Angeles. The project will address and impact three significant policy initiatives in the prevention and management of chronic disease:
For more information on Partners in Health, contact Project Manager Catherine Sepulveda.
Partners in Health supports the development of the Health Kids Zone initiative.
Our Community Plan: An Online Toolkit
Community Plans must be current in order to: encourage wise growth; identify appropriate locations for new development; assess public infrastructure, service and facility needs; minimize lengthy discretionary approvals; and provide certainty and predictability for developers, homeowners and anyone else concerned with the future development of Los Angeles.


text:
UNIJOS that, in spite of the multiplicity of advantages offered by the computer, the academic staff seem to possess inadequate computer literacy skills, and that the use of computer for academic work also seems to be minimal in these institutions among the academics. The conventional method appeared to dominate research, teaching and learning activities of these institutions. This is supported by Ogunrewo, (2010) in an appraisal of internet usage among academic staff of universities, that, academic staff do not adequately ultilize internet facilities.
Furthermore, the researcher's interactions with some members of the staff indicate that most of them seem to be ignorant of the various computer literacy skills acquisition methods, and that economic factors and time constraint appeared to be factors militating against the acquisition of computer literacy skill among academic staff.
These scenarios if not urgently addressed, will have far reaching negative effects on both the staff and the products of these universities. The staff may not be able to adequately access current information to update their knowledge for effective teaching. This will lead to producing half baked graduates that may not be adequately prepared to face the challenges of the wider society.
Finally, the researcher's extensive search of the literature shows that, within the context of this research, no work has ever been conducted on the assessment of computer literacy of academic staff of NSUK and UNIJOS. This therefore calls for the need for an assessment of computer literacy skills of the academic staff of these institutions. This research is therefore being carried out to fill this gap.
Purpose of Study
The purpose of this study is to assess the computer literacy skills of academic staff of NSUK and UNIJOS. Specifically, the study will:
- Find out the computer literacy skills possessed by both academic staff members of NSUK and UNIJOS
- Assess the areas to which the academic staff members employ computer skills in carrying out their work.
- Find out the methods available for acquiring computer literacy skills by the academic staff of NSUK and UNIJOS.
- Find out the effectiveness of the methods of computer literacy skills acquisition among the academic staff members.
- Determine problems that hinder the acquisition of the right level of computer literacy skills by academic staff members.
- Identify strategies for the enhancement of computer literacy skills among academic staff members of these Universities.
This study will be guided by the following research questions:
- What are the computer literacy skills possessed by the academic staff members of NSUK and UNIJOS?
- What are those areas to which the academic staff of NSUK and UNIJOS employ computer literacy skills in carrying out their work?
- What are the available methods used by these staff members in the acquisition of computer literacy skills?
- How effective are the methods used by the academic staff in acquiring computer literacy skills?
- What are the problems that hindered the academic staff members of NSUK and UNIJOS in the acquisition of computer literacy skills?
- In what ways can the problems faced by the academic staff in the acquisition of computer literacy skills be improved?
Significance of Study
This study which seeks to assess the computer literacy skills of academic staff of universities will no doubt add to the existing body of knowledge in the department of library and information science.In addition, the findings of this work are expected to be of benefit to the academic staff, the management of the two universities and other researchers.
To the academic staff, it will reveal their weaknesses and strengths in the areas of computer literacy skills acquisition. It will also benefit them as it will identify those areas for which the computer can be used to enhance academic work. These will enable them to adjust accordingly.
Also expected to benefit from the findings are the managements of the two universities as the findings will enable them to understand better the various methods of computer literacy skills acquisitions available. This will guide management in the decision on the choice of the most appropriate method(s) to adopt in the training and retraining of academic staff in the area of computer literacy skills acquisition.
Above all, the findings are expected to identify the major hindrances and remedies for effective acquisition of computer literacy skills. This will help management to adapt adequate means towards enhancing the acquisition of computer literacy skills among the academics.
Furthermore, researchers conducting empirical and non-empirical studies related to this topic will find this work relevant.
Scope of the Study
This study intends to focus on the concepts of computer literacy of academic staff. It will discuss in details the nature of computer literacy skills possessed by the academics, the areas that academic staff apply these skills for academic work, the methods and the effectiveness of the skills acquisition methods, the challenges as well as the remedies to overcome the various challenges militating against the acquisition of these skills.
The work covers Nasarawa state University, situated in Keffi and University of Jos sited in Jos, Plateau State, all within North central Nigeria


text:
Tropical Forest Insect Pests
A comprehensive resource providing a clear, theoretical understanding of pest population dynamics and forest insect outbreaks. Tropical Forest Insect Pests promotes a better theoretical understanding of pest population dynamics, and causes of forest insect outbreaks in the tropics. Covering pests of both natural forests and plantations, it examines the diversity of tropical forest insects, their ecological functions, the concept of pests, and the incidence of pests in natural forests, plantations, and stored timber. General issues on which foresters and forest entomologists hold strong traditional views, such as the severity of pest incidence in plantations vs. natural forests, in plantations of exotics vs. indigenous tree species, and in monocultures vs. mixed plantations are discussed. The final section looks in detail at specific insect pests of the common plantation tree species across the tropics, with recommendations for their control. This is a comprehensive resource suitable for graduate students and researchers in forestry and tropical forest entomology, and for forest plantation managers in the tropics.
Weiterlesen weniger lesen


Question 2: Immigration Museum
Question 2
If Australia is a nation of diverse beliefs, what relationship is there, or should there be, between Australian citizenship and personal belief?
Comments (4)
sort by
Emily 25 November, 2009 23:00
As Australian citizens, we all have something in common. Even though we may have different appearances, beliefs and heritage, our citizenship is just one example of how we are all one. As Australians we are entitled to believe in what we please, but there are conflicts with people of different race and culture. Part of being Australian should mean everybody is treated equal - with no exceptions. Personally, i do not think that there is a strong enough tie with personal beliefs and being an Australian citizen.
Richard 7 October, 2009 12:09
As an Australian citizens(sic), we should be entitled, as we are, to choose and follow the personal beliefs of our choice, so long(sic) it does nothing to harm the lives of others (such as some small minority extremist groups). One of the great rights of being an Australian citizen is that to believe what you want and say what you want - controversial or not. Therefore, I think there needs to be a much greater level of respect and toletrance(sic) in the community towards many minority groups that have in recent times been associated with terrorism, and realise that there is an extremist and illegal element to all religions, cultures and groups - Christian, Muslim, Buddhist or whatever. Becoming an Australian citizen should not be based on the person's religion but rather on the education and merit of that person, and a person's ability to gain citizenship should bear no relationship with religion.
Demaris 23 August, 2009 16:56
If Australia is a a nation of deverse beliefs the relation ship there should be between Australian citizenship and personal belief is that respecting what being an australian means and allowing yourself to become involved in the traditions carried out but also not allowing your personal beliefs or religions to be ignored because being australian doesnt mean that you have to be catholic, islamic or any other reliogion of faith but it simply means accepting who you are and appling your faith, morals and values to your citizenship.
Celeste 20 August, 2009 17:15
As Australia is a nation of diverse beliefs everyone has a right to personal belief. Our Australian citizenship enables us to personal belief because we live in such a diverse culture. Having an Australian Citizenship enables me to believe what i want. The relationship between our Australian Citizenship and personal beliefs is a good one as there are no boundries or laws in what we must believe.


Supply Chain News Bites - Only from SCDigest
-March 11, 2010 -
Supply Chain Graphic of the Week: The Supply Chain ROI Probability Curve
 Graphics show the Power of using this Approach to Calculate and Analyze Project ROI
By SCDigest Editorial Staff
The reality of supply chain project ROI is that it is best represented as a probability curve, not as a single number (e.g., expected internal rate of return), as though the single number approach is by far the most commonly used method to calculate and evaluate ROI within the industry.
SCDigest Editor Dan Gilmore's First Thoughts column on this topic argued why probability is inherently a better and more accurate approach (even at the "price" of more complexity). It will often ultimately lead to better investment decisions, both in terms if "go/no go" and how to maximize total expected return by factoring in risk. (See The "Probability of Supply Chain ROI.)
This concept is illustrated in the graphic below. It takes some mental exercise to grasp the concept at first, but with that effort the idea should be clear in the end.
The approach starts in part by estimating the probability of savings or ROI in a number of different aspects of a project (e.g., what is the level of confidence we have that we will achieve this rate of inventory reduction?). Different components of savings and ROI a "Monte Carlo" simulation is run using something as simple as Excel to generate a range of ROI results based on those probabilities.
The result can be something like what is shown in the graphic. The X-axis represents different potential project ROI levels, ranging from negative returns to as much as 125% (this is just a specific example – the real results range would be specific to a given project).
The "expected" ROI is the ROI that occurs the most times in the simulation - or the top of the curve. Logically, returns slightly above or below that number are also seen a high number of times.
The probability of different scenarios can be determined by the "area under the curve for a given range of ROI (easily calculated). The total area under the entire curve would represent 100%. So, in this example, the probability that the project will have at least a positive ROI (the area under the curve to the right of 0%) might be something like 90%.
The probability that the ROI will exceed the corporate hurdle rate (everything to the tight of the red dashed line) might be about 70%.
ROI as Probability Curve
Source: Doug Hubbard, Hubbard Decision Research
This data could also be represented this way as well:
In this view, the potential ROI is divided into 20 ranges (e.g. 10-15%). The height of each range bar indicates its probability of occurrence, with the top probability being achieved by the two ranges that each top out at about 8%. So, if you added up the probability of each range to the right of the red line, it would total the probability that the project will exceed the corporate hurdle rate.
This kind of analytic power is very valuable.
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text:
The Constitutional Court through Writ for Protection of Fundamental Rights 881 of 2012 established that a person linked through an apprenticeship agreement, who had suffered an accident in development of his/her agreement, was entitled to the reinforced occupational stability guarantee.
¿What is the apprenticeship agreement?
Article 30 of Law 789 of 2002 defined the apprenticeship agreement as a special form within the Labor Law, through which an individual develops practical theoretical formation in an authorized entity and in exchange a sponsor enterprise grants the funds to acquire methodic and complete professional formation required for the profession, activity or occupation and this implies to the performance within the administrative, business operative or financial management within the ordinary course of the enterprise activities, for any determined time not exceeding two (2) years.
¿Which is the remuneration in an apprenticeship agreement?
The remuneration in this type of agreement is called maintenance support, which may not be deemed as salary. The minimum amount for the maintenance support, in the teaching phase would be of 50% of a minimum salary and in the practical phase of the agreement of 75% of a minimum salary.
¿What does the Colombian law establish vis-à-vis the reinforced stability of apprentices?
The provisions ruling the apprenticeship agreement does not expressly provide anything regarding the reinforced stability right of apprentices that have suffered a loss in their labor capacity during the practical phase of formation.
¿What does the Constitutional Court establish vis-à-vis the legal vacuum?
The Constitutional Court deemed that this legal vacuum shall be resolved according to article 8 of Law 153 of 1887, pursuant to which "When there is no law exactly applicable to the controversial case, the laws ruling cases or similar matters shall be applied".
The Court applies the above mentioned provision and assimilates the apprenticeship agreement to the labor agreement since both have common elements, such as the personal rendering of a service, the subordination and the remuneration (called salary in the labor agreement and maintenance support in the apprenticeship agreement).
Consequently, the similarities between both agreements are sufficient reasons to affirm that not existing a law regarding the reinforced stability of apprentices that have lost a percentage of their labor capacity, the laws ruling these situations in the labor agreements shall be applied in an analogous manner.
¿What is reinforced labor stability?
Article 26 of Law 361 of 1997 refers to the reinforced stability as the protection that limited individuals have, due to which they can not be dismissed or their labor agreement terminated by virtue of their limitation, unless there exists authorization from the Ministry of Labor.
¿How does the reinforced stability in the apprenticeship agreements operate?
The mentioned decision ordered for the concrete case, the rehiring of the plaintiff to the company to the position he was occupying, provided his physical disability does not hinder the performance of the activities of the function for which he was hired. If his physical disability would hinder the performance of the entrusted activities, the company shall relocate him in another position compatible with his abilities and in coordination with SENA, offer to him an occupational formation that the actor would require.
This protection shall be enforceable until the Ministry of Labor authorizes the termination of the relationship with the apprentice or until the compliance of the maximum term of duration of the apprenticeship agreements of two (2) years. To calculate this term, the Court only took into account the time of relationship of the apprentice in the practical phase.
Tel. (57-1) _PHONE_


text:
Making Missouri Green
The people who plant the seeds and package the bundles have changed. Buildings have expanded and changed colors. Yet through its existence, the role of the George O. White State Forest Nursery has remained the same. Since 1935, the nursery, located in Texas County, approximately three miles northwest of Licking, has provided millions of trees to Missouri landowners and forest industries for conservation planting.
This year, the nursery is celebrating 50 years of tree production under the Missouri Department of Conservation. The Conservation Department took over the nursery from the United States Forest Service in 1947 and distributed its first crop of seedlings in 1948.
In 1934, the Forest Service designated national forests in Missouri. Thousands of acres were in need of reforestation after indiscriminate logging and wildfires wiped out much of Missouri's forests. George O. White, a Forest Service forester, selected the original 40-acre site for the nursery in 1934. He chose the site because it was centrally located within the national forests and the soil looked good for growing shortleaf pine trees. The Forest Service purchased the acreage in 1935 for $1,430. White later became Missouri's first state forester in 1936.
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and Work Projects Administration workers, employed by the Forest Service, constructed a home for the head nurseryman, a shop and warehouse, a deep well and a cold storage building. Workers also built two barracks, where they slept, plus a kitchen and mess hall.
Robert Miller, a native of Warsaw, went to work in 1935 at the CCC Camp, earning $1 a day. After a 1934 drought, Miller helped install the first overhead water lines on 27 acres of the nursery. "In those days, you lived in barracks with 200 men and sowed the seeds with a spade," Miller says.
The nursery continued operation until 1942, when World War II disrupted funds for reforestation. The irrigation system was dismantled and shipped to California as a part of the war effort to establish rubber plantations. The Forest Service leased the nursery grounds to a Licking farmer for crop production and shipped many nursery workers, including Miller, to Sullivan, to work at the Meramec State Nursery.
The Forest Service reopened the nursery in 1947, growing primarily shortleaf pine trees on a small portion of the 15 acres of seedbed space. In August of that same year, the Conservation Department signed a 25-year permit with the Forest Service

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


.
Where is the memory dump file in Windows 7?
The default location of the dump file is %SystemRoot%memory.dmp i.e C:\Windows\memory.dmp if C: is the system drive. Windows can also capture small memory dumps which occupy less space. These dumps are created at %SystemRoot%Minidump.dmp (C:\Window\Minidump.dump if C: is the system drive).
Photo in the article by "Wikimedia Commons" _URL_
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text:
Rearrangement of methyl isonitrile to acetonitrile has activation energy of 25.0 kJ/mol and a rate constant of 8.1*10^-4s-1 @ 80 Celsius. what is the value of the rate constant @ 255.0 celsius?
The Arrhenius Equation
ln(k1/k2) = (E/R)[(1/T2) - (1/T1)]
T1 = 80 oC = 80+273 =...
Calculation and answer are based on the Arrhenius Equation.


Why is there a need for CCAI?
 - There are over 40,000 registered lobbyists in Washington, DC. Not one of these lobbyists are working without a bias for children in need of families. Unlike big industries with money, orphaned children do not have a voice on the Hill or a presence in DC. This is exactly the reason CCAI exists. We represent children without families by using our relationship with Congress to ensure that the needs of orphans and foster children are heard.
Is CCAI a lobbyist organization?
 - No, CCAI does not lobby on behalf of any individual piece of legislation or government program. CCAI does not take official positions on issues related to adoption and foster care, but rather seeks to provide policymakers with the resources they need to make informed decisions.
How is CCAI unique?
 - CCAI uses five core programs to connect children and families who have personal experience with adoption and foster care with federal policymakers
- Angels in Adoption
- Foster Youth Internship
- Congressional Resource Program
- National Adoption Day
- 20/20 Vision Program
Why does CCAI focus on Congress?
 - Federal policy makers have three tools that when used to benefit children in need of families, make an immeasurable difference: 1) power to legislate to improve adoption laws, 2) power to convene influential persons and political leaders from around the world, and 3) powerful voice that garners media and public attention.
Is CCAI a government entity?
 - No, CCAI is a private not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization.
How is CCAI funded?
 - To maintain the integrity of the organization, CCAI does not accept any government funding. The work of the CCAI is made possible through the generous support of individuals, corporations, and foundations who share our desire to live in a world where every child has a safe, loving home and a promising future.


Cassette Tape
There are 32 games documented on PixelatedArcade supporting Cassette Tape for TRS-80.
(View for All Systems)
Cassette Tape is part of the category Media.
Beginning in the 1970's, many home computers allowed the use of a cassette tape for storing and loading data. They offered an economical way of storing large (for the time) programs or data. Users would need to manually start and stop the cassette player while the computer read the data. In some cases, games that were released on cassette included versions for two or more different systems on a single cassette; in this case users would need to forward or rewind the cassette to a certain point first in order for the computer to load the correct version of the program. By the early 80's use of cassette tapes began to decline as 5.25" disks became more affordable.
Click on a picture below to view a larger version.
Atari 410 Program Recorder
Cassette player and recorder for the Atari 400 and Atari 800 computers
Texas Instruments Program Recorder
Cassette player and recorder for the TI-99/4 and TI-99/4A computers.
Commodore C2N Cassette Unit
Cassette player and recorder for Commodore PET, VIC-20, C64, and C128 computers.


text:
Water Softener: Leaks water
Loose water line connections, cracked water-carrying components or worn rotor valve seals can cause water softener leaks. Tighten water line fittings if they leak. Check for cracks in the bypass valve assembly and replace it if it's cracked and leaking water.
Check the rotor valve for damaged and replace the rotor valve if it's cracked and leaking. If the rotor valve is okay but its seals leak water, replace the rotor valve seals.
Replace the water softener rotor valve seal
The rotor valve seal on the bottom of the rotor valve prevents water from leaking out of the valve and allows water to flow through the proper opening at the bottom of the rotor valve.
Replace the water softener rotor valve
The rotor valve directs water through the water softener to complete functions such as softening water and flushing the resin filter. A defective valve leaks water or locks up and doesn't move. Replace the rotor valve if it leaks or it's damaged.
Replace the water softener water flow meter
The water flow meter measures water usage. A defective water flow meter won't detect water flow. Replace the water flow meter if it won't detect water flow when water moves through the softener.
The rotor position switch detects the position of the valve rotor. If the rotor position switch fails, follow these steps to replace it in about half an hour.
The venturi draws brine water from the salt tank to the resin tank for regeneration. Follow these steps to replace a damaged venturi.
Learn how to decipher symbols so you can buy the right part for your problem.
Find answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about water softener repairs.


text:
A common criticism of Social and Emotional Learning programmes such as Zippy's Friends is that they take up time which could instead be used to teach more academic subjects. However, there is growing evidence that such programmes can actually improve children's academic achievement.
Aleisha Clarke and Prof Margaret Barry of the Health Promotion Research Centre at the National University of Ireland, Galway, have reviewed the evidence on behalf of Partnership for Children. They looked not just at Zippy's Friends but at Social and Emotional Learning programmes in general.
They conclude that such programmes significantly improve children's academic performance. They note that the largest and most rigorous study to date, involving more than 300,000 children, found that 'evidence-based programmes are intimately linked to improving children's academic performance.'
They also found that such programmes are most effective when they are targeted at younger children, and when they are taught by class teachers, rather than by outside experts.
Clarke and Barry's review, which is published exclusively on this website, is a useful, easy-to-read response to anyone who thinks that programmes such as Zippy's Friends are a distraction from more academic subjects.


text:
What is Democratic Socialism?
This booklet provides a general introduction to the Democratic Socialism endorsed in the nations of the British Commonwealth. It was written specifically for the Co-operative Commonwealth Youth Movement, Saskatchewan Section.
Carlyle King, What is Democratic Socialism (Ottawa: Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation, 1943).
What is Democratic Socialism? 1943.pdf (29.83 MB)
Booklet, 36 pages, 12 cm x 17 cm
Ley and Lois Smith War, Memory and Popular Culture Research Collection - Western University - London, Ontario
Second World War


Maximum Smoke Temperature in Non-Smoke Model Evacuation Region for Semi-Transverse Tunnel Fire
Authors
1 School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640, China
2 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 51064, China
Abstract
Smoke temperature distribution in non-smoke evacuation under different mechanical smoke exhaust rates of semi-transverse tunnel fire were studied by FDS numerical simulation in this paper. The effect of fire heat release rate (10MW 20MW and 30MW) and exhaust rate (from 0 to 160m3/s) on the maximum smoke temperature in non-smoke evacuation region was discussed. Results show that the maximum smoke temperature in non-smoke evacuation region decreased with smoke exhaust rate. Plug-holing was observed below the smoke vent when smoke exhaust rate increased to a certain value. Smoke spreading distance can be divided into three stages according to changes of smoke exhaust rate. The maximum smoke temperature model concluded that the peak temperature rise at tunnel vault is proportional to 0.75 power of dimensionless fire power. The maximum temperature in non-smoke evacuation region decays exponentially with the increase of smoke exhaust rate. However smoke vent interval influences the dimensionless maximum temperature in non-smoke evacuation region slightly. Smoke vent interval influences the dimensionless maximum temperature in non-smoke evacuation region slightly.
Keywords


_DIR
Here, LOG_DIR should be replaced with your log directory. If you are on Windows and
this is not working, make sure you are running the terminal from the same drive
where the log data is, and add a name to the log directory as follows in order to
bypass a bug in the way TensorBoard parses the path:
tensorboard --logdir=rnn_demo:LOG_DIR
TensorBoard allows us to assign names to individual log directories by putting a
colon between the name and the path, which may be useful when working with mul‐
tiple log directories. In such a case, we pass a comma-separated list of log directories
as follows:
Introduction to Recurrent Neural Networks | 79
tensorboard --logdir=rnn_demo1:LOG_DIR1, rnn_demo2:LOG_DIR2
In our example (with one log directory), once you have run the tensorboard com‐
mand, you should get something like the following, telling you where to navigate in
your browser:
Starting TensorBoard b'39' on port 6006
(You can navigate to http://10.100.102.4:6006)
If the address does not work, go to localhost:6006, which should always work.
TensorBoard recursively walks the directory tree rooted at LOG_DIR looking for sub‐
directories that contain tfevents log data. If you run this example multiple times,
make sure to either delete the LOG_DIR folder you created after each run, or write the
logs to separate subdirectories within LOG_DIR, such as LOG_DIR/run1/train, LOG_DIR/
run2/train, and so forth, to avoid issues with overwriting log files, which may lead to
some "funky" plots.
Lets take a look at some of the visualizations we can get. In the next section, we will
explore interactive visualization of high-dimensional data with TensorBoard—for
now, we focus on plotting training process summaries and trained weights.
First, in your browser, go to the Scalars tab. Here TensorBoard shows us summaries
of all scalars, including not only training and testing accuracy, which are usually most
interesting, but also some summary statistics we logged about variables (see
Figure 5-4). Hovering over the plots, we can see some numerical figures.
Figure 5-4. TensorBoard scalar summaries.
In the Graphs tab we can get an interactive visualization of our computation graph,
from a high-level view down to the basic ops, by zooming in (see Figure 5-5).
80 | Chapter 5: Text I: Working with Text and Sequences, and TensorBoard Visualization
Figure 5-5. Zooming in on the computation graph.
Finally, in the Histograms tab we see histograms of our weights across the training
process (see Figure 5-6). Of course, we had to explicitly add these histograms to our
logging in order to view them, with tf.summary.histogram().
Introduction to Recurrent Neural Networks | 81
Figure 5-6. Histograms of weights throughout the learning process.
TensorFlow Built-in RNN Functions
The preceding example taught us some of the fundamental and powerful ways we can
work with sequences, by implementing our graph pretty much from scratch. In prac‐
tice, it is of course a good idea to use built-in higher-level modules and functions.
This not only makes the code shorter and easier to write, but exploits many low-level
optimizations afforded by TensorFlow implementations.
In this section we first present a new, shorter version of the code in its entirety. Since
most of the overall details have not changed, we focus on the main new elements,
tf.contrib.rnn.BasicRNNCell and tf.nn.dynamic_rnn():
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("/tmp/data/", one_hot=True)
element_size = 28;time_steps = 28;num_classes = 10
batch_size = 128;hidden_layer_size = 128
_inputs = tf.placeholder(tf.float32,shape=[None, time_steps,
element_size],
name='inputs')
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[None, num_classes],name='inputs')
# TensorFlow built-in functions
rnn_cell = tf.contrib.rnn.BasicRNNCell(hidden_layer_size)
outputs, _ = tf.nn.dynamic_rnn(rnn_cell, _inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
Wl = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([hidden_layer_size, num_classes],
mean=0,stddev=.01))
bl = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([num_classes],mean=0,stddev=.01))
def get_linear_layer(vector):
82 | Chapter 5: Text I: Working with Text and Sequences, and TensorBoard Visualization
return tf.matmul(vector, Wl) + bl
last_rnn_output = outputs[:,-1,:]
final_output = get_linear_layer(last_rnn_output)
softmax = tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=final_output,
labels=y)
cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(softmax)
train_step = tf.train.RMSPropOptimizer(0.001, 0.9).minimize(cross_entropy)
correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y,1), tf.argmax(final_output,1))
accuracy = (tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32)))*100
sess=tf.InteractiveSession()
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
test_data = mnist.test.images[:batch_size].reshape((-1,
time_steps, element_size))
test_label = mnist.test.labels[:batch_size]
for i in range(3001):
batch_x, batch_y = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)
batch_x = batch_x.reshape((batch_size, time_steps, element_size))
sess.run(train_step,feed_dict={_inputs:batch_x,
y:batch_y})
if i % 1000 == 0:
acc = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={_inputs: batch_x,
y: batch_y})
loss = sess.run(cross_entropy,feed_dict={_inputs:batch_x,
y:batch_y})
print ("Iter " + str(i) + ", Minibatch Loss= " + \
"{:.6f}".format(loss) + ", Training Accuracy= " + \
"{:.5f}".format(acc))
print ("Testing Accuracy:",
sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={_inputs: test_data, y: test_label}))
tf.contrib.rnn.BasicRNNCell and tf.nn.dynamic_rnn()
TensorFlow's RNN cells are abstractions that represent the basic operations each
recurrent "cell" carries out (see Figure 5-2 at the start of this chapter for an illustra‐
tion), and its associated state. They are, in general terms, a "replacement" of the
rnn_step() function and the associated variables it required. Of course, there are
many variants and types of cells, each with many methods and properties. We will see
some more advanced cells toward the end of this chapter and later in the book.
Introduction to Recurrent Neural Networks | 83
Once we have created the rnn_cell, we feed it into tf.nn.dynamic_rnn(). This func‐
tion replaces tf.scan() in our vanilla implementation and creates an RNN specified
by rnn_cell.
As of this writing, in early 2017, TensorFlow includes a static and a dynamic function
for creating an RNN. What does this mean? The static version creates an unrolled
graph (as in Figure 5-2) of fixed length. The dynamic version uses a tf.While loop to
dynamically construct the graph at execution time, leading to faster graph creation,
which can be significant. This dynamic construction can also be very useful in other
ways, some of which we will touch on when we discuss variable-length sequences
toward the end of this chapter.
Note that contrib refers to the fact that code in this library is contributed and still
requires testing. We


Can others tell how drunk you are?
Jill Margo
Jill MargoHealth editor
After drinking too much, your assessment of your level of intoxication will likely be inaccurate but now, a new study has shown sober observers won't be able to tell how drunk you are either.
Like you, they will underestimate your level of intoxication which is potentially dangerous, particularly in situations where you might be driving and they might be your passengers.
"Even professionals who regularly interact with alcohol-intoxicated people can be surprisingly poor at correctly identifying the presence and level of intoxication," says Dr Monds. AP Photo/Lewis Joly
The study was conducted on students in New Zealand during the University of Otago's orientation week, a period with social events typified by alcohol use.
That they were talking and walking into concerts, and were apparently functional, meant none had drunk to the point of being paralytic.
"We assume we know what alcohol intoxication looks like because it's so common," says co-leader of the study, Dr Lauren Monds, an academic fellow in the speciality of addiction medicine at Sydney University.
But in the study, it came as surprise to see how sober observers underestimated the level of intoxication they were seeing directly in front of them.
Dr Lauren Monds, an academic fellow in the speciality of Addiction medicine at Sydney University.
"Our results mean we need to be careful assuming that we can accurately spot when someone has had too much alcohol and that they may actually be worse off than we realise."
This is important for staff in multiple occupations, such as police, doctors and bartenders, who rely on their observational skills to detect intoxication,
The study, published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Review, found both drinkers and observers were relatively accurate at lower levels of consumption.
At high levels, other studies have suggested people underestimate their own intoxication because they have become cognitively impaired and can't work out what's really happening to them.
"But that doesn't hold for observers, in our study, who were not intoxicated and were not cognitively impaired. We need to start thinking about other explanations for why they can't accurately detect intoxication in others, at the highest levels," she says.
One possibility is that there was a kind of "ceiling effect" in this group. After a certain level of high intoxication there are no further signs to indicate someone was more severely intoxicated.
This effect could be at work in the space between appearing functional while intoxicated, before crossing into insensibility and an obvious drunken stupor.
This is a tentative explanation that needs more research, Dr Monds says.
The study, which involved about 400 students and was co-led by Dr Benjamin Riordan, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at La Trobe University, Melbourne, suggested there may also be cultural differences at work and differences in people's ability to tolerate alcohol.
Perceptions of intoxication were measured against blood alcohol levels and showed that if you've had one or two drinks you are probably reasonably accurate at guessing if you'd be over the limit.
However, once your blood alcohol levels get to about two or three times the legal drinking limit, you and your friends probably underestimate how drunk you really are.
A previous study found police significantly underestimated the blood alcohol level at both low and high levels of intoxication. Another study in emergency settings found clinicians missed 23 per cent of alcohol-intoxicated presentations.
Bias was often at work. Clinicians were significantly more likely falsely to suspect patients looking dishevelled or of low socioeconomic status, of intoxication.
The authors say experience or training may not always be enough to overcome these inaccuracies. An added complication is that many signs commonly associated with intoxication, such as slurred speech or poor motor coordination, can be present in sober people with other issues.


How to Pee in a Locker Room
Author Info
Updated: December 5, 2019
Explore this Article Preparing Mentally Finding Privacy Questions & Answers Related Articles References
Sometimes it can be difficult when you have to use the restroom in a locker room, or in any other public facility. Several factors can make peeing in a locker room somewhat uncomfortable. Maybe there are too many people around, and you are suffering from some common stage fright. Or maybe, the environment is just "off" for some other reason. Whatever the issue is, you're not alone. And fortunately, there are several ways you can make yourself more comfortable.
1
Preparing Mentally
 1. 1
 Learn about shy bladder syndrome. If your fear of public restrooms makes it difficult to leave the house, you might actually have a medical condition known as paruresis. Commonly known as a "shy" or "bashful" bladder, this problem is classified as a general anxiety order. If fear keeps you from being able to pee comfortably while in a locker room, ask your doctor about paruresis.[1]
 - In addition to anxiety, there can also be physical symptoms of shy bladder such as persistent pain and pressure in the bladder. If this sounds familiar, make sure to consult your doctor. You'll want to get professional advice in treating your condition.
 2. 2
 Rehearse success. The old saying "practice makes perfect" can actually help you pee more comfortably. When you are relieving yourself at home, note your ease and comfort level. Then, imagine you are in a public restroom, feeling equally relaxed. By rehearsing, you can help overcome your anxiety by training your brain to feel more relaxed.[2]
 3. 3
 Use relaxation techniques. You can also try using some common tricks to ease your anxiety. For example, when you are preparing to pee, take several deep, calming breaths. You can also use mental imaging. Try imagining yourself somewhere else--either a stop where you know you'd be relaxed or somewhere you would feel more comfortable peeing.[3]
 4. 4
 Seek help. If this problem is interfering with your daily life, it is time to talk to a medical professional. One option is to talk to your regular doctor about trying medication. There are many options for different types of social anxiety. Alternatively, you could see a mental health specialist. Ask about cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorders. [4]
 - If you decide to try therapy, make sure you are working with a professional who makes you feel comfortable. It can be useful to ask your primary doctor, or a close friend, to refer someone they trust.
 5. 5
 Know the etiquette. Maybe you do not have paruresis. Maybe you just have an aversion to locker rooms. In that case, you can make sure you are aware of proper locker room etiquette to try to make yourself more comfortable. For example, do not try to start in-depth conversations at the urinal. Also, do not urinate in the shower. For the most part, just use your manners.
2
Finding Privacy
 1. 1
 Time your visit. Perhaps using the locker room is unavoidable, but you might be able to make your visits more bearable. For example, if you have issues using the locker room at your gym, try changing up your workout schedule. Go extra early in the morning or later at night to avoid the prime time crowds. The less people in the locker room, the more likely it is that you'll feel comfortable peeing.
 2. 2
 Use the toilet stalls. Don't be afraid to use the stalls anytime you're in a locker room. While it's not the same as being in your own home, those cubicles can add an important layer of privacy. You'll also have more privacy in there to use the relaxation techniques you've been practicing. Just remember to wash your hands thoroughly after leaving the stall because they can have significant germs.
 3. 3
 Find an alternate bathroom. Maybe the locker room is necessary for a shower and a change of clothes, but that doesn't mean that you have to take care of all of your business in there. Chances are, there is an alternate bathroom somewhere on site. Take time to scope out the building. Is there a "hidden" restroom? Maybe it's tucked away on a floor that doesn't see much foot traffic. Don't be afraid to head there to relieve yourself.[5]
 4. 4
 Get some space. If you're male, the most sanitary and efficient option for peeing is at a urinal. While this can be less than ideal if men and boys are using the same restrooms, you can still make it work. Position yourself at the end of the urinal. Make sure to put an optimal amount of physical space between yourself and the other users. If the urinals are crowded, wait 30 seconds to a minute before you pee. Others will appreciate that you respect their space.
 5. 5
 Become an advocate. With the increasing number of transgender individuals, bathrooms have actually become an important political topic. There are movements to make sure that more buildings have private, comfortable restrooms. That could mean more enclosed stalls and mandatory urinal dividers! Become an advocate for more privacy, and use your voice. For example, write to your Congressman. Or to management at your gym. They might just solve the problem for you! [6]
Community Q&A
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 - Question
 What if there is no bath?
 Community Answer
 If there is no bath, bring an extra set of clothes and then wash up in a sink.
 - Question
 What if I get wet? (I am a girl.)
 VioletLightningtail
 Community Answer
 If it's not serious, then try to soak it up with toilet paper. If it's on your underpants, put a layer of toilet paper on your underwear. If it's all over your clothes, then try changing clothes.
 - Question
 What if I wet myself when peeing in a locker room?
 Community Answer
 If you are worried about this occurring, take a fresh change of clothes with you, just in case. If you don't have a chance of clothes, go into a stall and try to dry and clean off as best you can. Urine will dry off the same as water. Then wash your clothes at home.
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 Tips
 - Don't be embarrassed. This problem is common!
 - Remember that peeing is a totally natural function. Being incidentally heard while you are inside the toilet stall or seen from behind while standing at the urinal is absolutely nothing to be ashamed of.
 - Don't be afraid to seek the advice of a medical professional.
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 wikiHow is a "wiki," similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. To create this article, 24 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. Together, they cited 6 references. This article has also been viewed 47,410 times.
 Categories: Urination
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text:
Have you ever had an onion pie? Apparently this type of recipe has been around for hundreds of years, although to our modern tastes it might seem a bit odd. From the 1767 cookbook, Primitive Cookery, comes an unusual onion pie recipe, which also includes apples and eggs. In fact, most of the recipes in the book are vegetarian and this was intended to cater to a poor demographic that wouldn't have always had access to meat.
Modern versions of this type of pie omit the apples and beat the eggs for an almost quiche result. But, back then sliced, boiled eggs were added, probably to give the impression of replacing meat and giving the eater something to bite into.
Back then the inclusion of fruit in a savory pie was no problem. Many recipes of the day, including mincemeat pies, contained sugar and/or fruit. Sometimes meat was even preserved in sweet sauces. However, today it seems a bit odd since we're used to a savory supper followed perhaps by a slice of apple pie or something else sweet. Have a look at how this pie would have been made back in the 1700s in the video below.SKM: below-content placeholder


text: A theory is presented with which one can calculate the anharmonic properties of solids such as thermal expansion, temperature dependence of elastic constants, dependence of elastic constants under stresses, and the deviation of the specific heat from the Dulong-Petit law at high temperatures. The theory is applied to sodium under the assumption of a special force interaction between nearest neighbors only. In the approximation used, three parameters enter. The three parameters are obtained from experimental measurements of the elastic constants near 0°K, the temperature dependence of the compressibility, and the thermal expansion. Then the variation of the volume with pressure and the deviation of the specific heat from the Dulong-Petit law at high temperatures are calculated. A satisfactory agreement with experiment is obtained. Another prediction of the theory, that the temperature derivative of the compressibility is proportional to the specific heat, also shows satisfactory agreement with the experimental measurements for sodium.


text:
A battered 18th century Native American boat believed to be the world's oldest canoe has been lifted to the Maritime Museum in Falmouth in a daring restoration bid which could see it repatriated to Canada.
Curatorial experts at the National Maritime Museum in Cornwall gave the vessel daylight for the first time in decades by removing it from a shed on the Enys Estate in Penryn and transporting it to the nearby museum.
The estate belongs to the family of Lieutenant John Enys, a soldier who was part of a battle to save Canada from an American siege in the 1776 American War of Independence and discovered the canoe while travelling during breaks from his regiment.
"Moving the canoe is the beginning of a whole new journey back to Canada for this incredible find," said Andy Wyke, the Boat Collections Manager at the museum.
"For more than 200 years, the canoe has belonged to the Enys family. It's incredible to think its legacy has been resting in a barn in Cornwall all this time."
Wendy Fowler, a relative of Enys, reported the canoe to the Maritime Museum after consulting her personal records from the 13th century.
"The Estate is very special to us and holds many secrets, but I believe this is the most interesting to date," she suggested.
"The grounds hold a host of wonders, but this really is very special. The Maritime Museum are brilliantly ensuring and repatriating another element of our great family history and I'm most grateful that John's travels have led to such a major chapter of boating history being discovered in Cornwall."
Captain George Hogg, an Archivist at the Museum, admits staff had "no idea" how important the find was when Fowler called them.
© John Buxton
"We knew we had something special, but having worked with the British Museum on the artefacts and the Canadian Canoe Museum in Peterborough, Ontario, we now believe that this is one of the world's oldest Birch Bark Canoes," he revealed.
"This is a unique survival from the 18th century."
A team of investigators will conserve the wood, research the history and recreate the original look of the canoe before it heads to the Canadian Canoe Museum in September 2011, where curators say they are "especially excited" to see it.
Organisers in Falmouth are hoping to put the canoe on display in the Main Hall of the museum by the end of January.


text:
Charm++ chare linear system merger group to solve a linear system.
Charm++ chare linear system merger group used to collect and assemble the left hand side matrix (lhs), the right hand side (rhs) vector, and the solution (unknown) vector from individual worker chares. Beside collection and assembly, the system is also solved. The solution is outsourced to hypre, an MPI-only library. Once the solution is available, the individual worker chares are updated with the new solution.
This class assembles and solves two linear systems, whose rhs vectors may change during time stepping. One of the two linear systems is called a high-order and the other one is the low-order linear system.
Characteristics of the low-order linear system: (1) the left hand side matrix is diagonal, (2) the right hand side vector is a combination of the high-order right hand side vector and another vector, assembled separately (and overlapped with that of the high-order system). This dual system solution is done here as required by the flux-corrected transport algorithm used for transport equations in inciter.
The implementation uses the Charm++ runtime system and is fully asynchronous, overlapping computation and communication. The algorithm utilizes the structured dagger (SDAG) Charm++ functionality. The high-level overview of the algorithm structure and how it interfaces with Charm++ is discussed in the Charm++ interface file src/
- namespace tk
- Toolkit declarations and definitions for general purpose utilities.