text:
Download Video (25 MB)
Kids should think twice before picking on early maturing girls or late maturing boys in their class. A new study links violent conduct in schools to some students' timing in puberty.
According to University of Florida researchers, children who go through puberty at different times then most of their peers, can react more violently to stressful events. Previous studies have already shown that those early or late maturing kids often have more emotional issues than their peers, but they can also react more aggressively to peer pressure and stress in general.
Julia Graber/UF Psychology Researcher: "The early maturing girls who also had high rates of peer stress were the ones who were more aggressive; both in terms of indirect methods like spreading rumors about other children, or things like that, and also threats and physical aggression, as well as late maturing boys. So those off-time boys who were sort of slow to get started on puberty when they experience peer stress they really, really didn't deal with it well."
Experts say parents with kids who get picked on, should help their sons and daughters learn better ways of dealing with these experiences, rather then getting worked up or aggressive and acting out just like their own kids.
Julia Graber/UF Psychology Researcher: "Simple emotion kind of regulation activities, learning how to take a deep breath and calm down and think about the situation a little bit more clearly are often really helpful. If there seems to be a persistent problem certainly working with local schools is very important to find out what teachers and principals are doing within your school to deal with problems where kids may be harassed."
UF psychologists say often time kids are not having more stress, it's the way they respond that is more aggressive. Early maturing girls often have poor coping skills, while late maturing boys build extra defense mechanisms.


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To evaluate whether calcium adjusted for albumin can be used to monitor calcium homeostasis in critically ill patients.Prospective single-single center observational study.Clinical laboratory and critical care unit of a regional teaching hospital.Fifty-three paired samples were from 36 patients requiring intensive care treatment.None.Total calcium, albumin-adjusted calcium, and ionized calcium were measured in critically ill patients during an 8-wk period. Calcium was adjusted for albumin using the formula that is most frequently used in The Netherlands. Using ionized calcium as the gold standard, albumin-adjusted calcium overestimated hypercalcemia and totally missed hypocalcemia. The same seemed to be true for other formulas used for albumin or protein adjustment of calcium concentrations.Albumin-adjusted calcium cannot be used in an intensive care setting to monitor reliably the calcium levels in critically ill patients and should be replaced by measurement of ionized calcium.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The heterodyne beat method has been applied to the measurement of the dielectric constant of gaseous NH3, N2, and CO2, using a frequency of 56,000,000 cycles per second. Special precautions were found necessary to prevent frequency drift and synchronization of the oscillating circuits.
Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science
©1939 Iowa Academy of Science, Inc.
Ryan, Alden H.
"The Dielectric Constant of Gases at Ultrahigh Frequencies,"
Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 46(1), 268-268.
Available at: _URL_


Connecting Node-RED to Azure IoT Central
2019年1月22日 に投稿済み
Principal PM Manager, Azure IoT
Today I want to show how simple it is to connect a temperature/humidity sensor to Azure IoT Central using a Raspberry Pi and Node-RED.
As many of you know, Raspberry Pi is a small, single-board computer. Its low cost, low power nature makes it a natural fit for IoT projects. Node-RED is a flow-based, drag and drop programming tool designed for IoT. It enables the creation of robust automation flows in a web browser, simplifying IoT project development.
For my example, I'm using a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and a simple DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, but it should work with other models of the Pi. If you have a different kind of sensor, you should be able to adapt the guide below to use it, provided you can connect Node-RED to your sensor.
Configuring Azure IoT Central
 1. Create an app.
 2. Create a new device template.
 - Temp (temp)
 - Humidity (humidity)
 3. Create a real device and get the DPS connection information.
 4. Use dps-keygen to provision the device and get a device connection string.
 - Identify the three parts of the resulting connection string and save them for later.
Connecting the DHT22 sensor
Before we can get data from our DHT22 sensor, we need to connect it to the pi. The DHT22 typically has three pins broken out, but some of them have four. If you have one with four, check the datasheet to confirm which pins are voltage (may be shown as +, VCC or VDD), data (or signal), and ground.
With the pi powered off, use jumper wires to connect your DHT22 as shown below:
Use jumper wires to connect your DHT22
NOTE: The power jumper (red) should go to 3.3V, data jumper (yellow) should go to GPIO4 and the ground jumper (black) should go to ground. Some boards are different, so double-check your connections!
Installing required software
I started by installing Raspbian Lite using the guide. Then, I installed Node-RED. At this point you should be able to open a browser and visit to see the Node-RED interface. Next, install the Azure IoT Hub nodes for Node-RED. The easiest way to do this is from the Node-RED interface, using the Manage Palette command.
Install the DHT22 nodes. Unfortunately, since this node has some lower-level hardware requirements, it can't be installed through the Manage Palette command. Please follow the instructions using the link above.
Configuring the flow
Now that you have Node-RED up and running on your pi, you're ready to create your flow. By default, Node-RED should already have a flow called "Flow 1," but if you can easily create a new one by selecting the (+) icon above the canvas.
Starting the flow with the inject node
The first node we will add to this flow is an input node. For this example, we will use the inject node which simply injects an arbitrary JSON document into the flow. From the input section in the palette, drag the node from the palette on the left onto the canvas. Then, double select it to open the configuration window. Set the node properties as shown below:
Starting the flow with the inject node
This node will simply inject a JSON object where the payload is set to a timestamp. We don't really care about that value. This is just a simple way to kick off the flow.
Getting data from the DHT22
In the Node-RED palette, find the rpi dht22 node and drag it onto the canvas. Double click on it to open the configuration window, and set the node properties as shown below:
The rpi dht22 node configuration window
Connect the inject node to the rpi dht22 node by dragging the little handle from one to the other.
Reformatting the message
The JSON message produced by the DHT22 node isn't formatted correctly for sending to Azure IoT, so we need to fix that. We will use the change node to do this, so drag it out from the palette onto the canvas and connect it to the DHT22 node. Double click on it to open the configuration window and set the node properties as shown below:
How to edit the change node
For the functional part of this node, we will use JSONata, which is a query and transformation language for JSON documents. After selecting the JSONata type in the to selector, select the […] button to open the editor and enter the following:
Expression editor
Here we are extracting the temperature and humidity values from the input JSON message and putting them inside the data element in the resulting JSON message. We're also adding the device ID and shared access key which you got from the Device Connection String earlier.
Sending the data to Azure IoT Central
Now that we've got the JSON message ready, find the Azure IoT Hub node in the palette and drag it onto the canvas. Again, double click on it to open the configuration window and set the properties as shown here:
Azure IoT Hub node
Confirming your message and debugging
The final node we will add to our flow is a debug node, which simply outputs the message it is given to the debug panel in Node-RED. Connect it to the end of the flow (after Azure IoT Hub) and set the name to "Hub Response."
If you're interested in seeing the JSON message at any point in the flow, you can add more debug nodes anywhere you want. You can enable or disable the output of a debug node by selecting the little box on the right side of the node.
The flow
Here is what your flow should look like. I've added a couple of extra debug nodes while developing this flow, but you can see that only the Hub Response node is enabled.
The flow
Before you can run the flow, you need to deploy it from the workspace. To do this select the red Deploy button at the top right of the Node-RED screen. Then, simply select the little box on the left of the every minute node and it will start. Since we configured that node to run every minute, it will continue to send messages to Azure IoT Central until you stop it by either disabling the flow or redeploying.
Pop back over to your IoT Central app and you should start seeing data within a minute or so.
IoT Central App
As you can see, connecting Node-RED to Azure IoT Central is pretty simple. This is a great way to quickly prototype and experiment with different sensors and message payloads without having to write any code! You can also use this approach for creating gateways or protocol translators so you can easily connect almost anything to Azure IoT Central.
Appendix: Flow source
If you want to just copy-paste the whole thing in instead of building it up yourself, you can import the following JSON into Node-RED and just update the three values from your Device Connection String (see the instructions above).
[{"id":"9e47273a.f12738", "type":"tab", "label":"DHT22-IoTC", "disabled":false, "info":""}, {"id":"b3d8f5b6.a243b8", "type":"debug", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"Hub Response", "active":true, "tosidebar":true, "console":false, "tostatus":false, "complete":"true", "x":740, "y":340, "wires":[]}, {"id":"117b0c09.6b3a04", "type":"azureiothub", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"Azure IoT Hub", "protocol":"mqtt", "x":520, "y":340, "wires":[["b3d8f5b6.a243b8"]]}, {"id":"ee333823.1d33a8", "type":"inject", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"", "topic":"", "payload":"", "payloadType":"date", "repeat":"60", "crontab":"", "once":false, "onceDelay":"", "x":210, "y":120, "wires":[["38f14b0d.96eb14"]]}, {"id":"38f14b0d.96eb14", "type":"rpi-dht22", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"", "topic":"rpi-dht22", "dht":22, "pintype":"0", "pin":4, "x":400, "y":120, "wires":[["f0bfed44.e988b"]]}, {"id":"f0bfed44.e988b", "type":"change", "z":"9e47273a.f12738", "name":"", "rules":[{"t":"set", "p":"payload", "pt":"msg", "to":"{\t \"deviceId\":\"{YOUR DEVICE ID} \", \t \"key\":\"{YOUR KEY}\", \t \"protocol\":\"mqtt\", \t \"data\": {\t \"temp\": $number(payload), \t \"humidity\": $number(humidity)\t \t }\t\t}", "tot":"jsonata"}], "action":"", "property":"", "from":"", "to":"", "reg":false, "x":280, "y":


text:
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA FOR PUGET SOUND AND APPROACHES JANUARY 1962-DECEMBER 1963.
WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
Pagination or Media Count:
The report is a tabulation of physical and chemical oceanographic observations made at various locations in Puget Sound and its approaches by the University of Washington Department of Oceanography, using the research vessels MV Brown Bear and Hoh and various chartered boats. These observations were made during the two-year period from January 1962 through December 1963. Charts show the positions of stations sampled. Values for temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and inorganic phosphate, as determined by use of accepted oceanographic procedures, are given at selected depths from the surface to the bottom. Author
- Physical and Dynamic Oceanography
- Geology, Geochemistry and Mineralogy


text:
Public Health - 5-year Bachelor of Science and Master of Public Health in Occupational Safety and Health
The 3+2 Bachelor of Science in Public Health and Masters in Public Health in Occupational Safety and Health is more than a means to produce next-level OSH experts. It will deliver a graduate who can not only immediately impact workplace health and safety, but also deliver someone with a well-rounded understanding of the specific roles that Occupational Safety and Health play in medicine, nursing, population health and other health professions.
The undergraduate component of the 3+2 program is based on a philosophy of workplace health promotion and proactive prevention of illness to improve the quality of life of individuals, employees, families and communities. The graduate MPH component is a non-thesis degree program with culminating experiences as part of the degree requirements. Students will participate in a practicum demonstrating overall public health problem solving skills and complete a rigorous capstone class.


text:
dimer is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "dimer" uses 5 letters: D E I M R.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after dimer (in bold), or to deimr in any order:
a - admire c - dermic f - firmed g - grimed l - milder m - dimmer rimmed n - minder remind o - dormie p - primed s - dermis dimers t - mitred
List shorter words within dimer, sorted by length
All words formed from dimer by changing one letter
Browse words starting with dimer by next letter

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
A Low Power CMOS CORDIC Processor Design for Wireless Telecommunication
Source: Northeastern University
A CORDIC processor for wire telecommunication is integrated in a 0.5ìm CMOS technology. The CORDIC (Coordinate Rotation DIgital Computer) processor reduces the circuit complexity by performing a sequence of elementary rotations using shift and add operations without multiplications. Hard wired-logic eliminates the shifter and includes pre-calculated arctan angle values. The average power consumption is 76mW with 50MHz clock and 5V power supply. The fabricated modulator consumes 24mW at 61.44MHz sampling rate and 5V power supply.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
What is PERA (Performance Evaluation Reform Act)?
Updated March 2013
IASB has prepared a document that explains PERA (Performance Evaluation Review Act) to guide school board members and others in the state's latest education reform law.
Written in a Q&A format, this document addresses the Act's definition and purpose, deadlines and procedures, its effects on tenure, RIFs, and dismissals, and other commonly asked questions regarding education reform measures affecting the terms and conditions of teacher and principal employment.
The PERA document is written for informational purposes only; school boards are advised to contact their school attorney for legal advice and/or opinions.
Return to School Law
Click on Banner for More Information
Although the IASB Web site strives to provide accurate and authoritative information, the Illinois Association of School Boards does not guarantee or warrantee the accuracy or quality of information contained herein.


Apple Invested Capital vs Earnings before Tax Analysis
Invested Capital vs Earnings before Tax
Invested Capital
Invested capital represents the total cash investment that shareholders and debt holders have contributed to Apple Inc. There are two different methods for calculating Apple Inc invested capital: operating approach and financing approach. Understanding ##company1# invested capital allows investors to to calculate measures of performance such as return on invested capital or return on capital employed. Invested capital is an input into the calculation of Return on Invested Capital, and is calculated as: Total Debt plus Total Assets minus Goodwill and Intangible Assets minus Cash and Equivalents minus Current Liabilities. Please note this calculation method is subject to change.
Earnings before Tax
Accounts Relationship
Invested Capital vs Earnings before Tax
Significance: Very Strong Relationship
Overlapping area represents amount of trend that can be explained by analyzing historical patterns of Apple Inc Invested Capital account and Earnings before Tax
Correlation Coefficient
Relationship DirectionPositive
Relationship StrengthStrong


Photo via Instagram.
Essential Foods You'll Find at an African Party
We know these are the African foods you long for. Let the drooling commence.
It's food month here at OkayAfrica and that means that we'll be exploring different African delicacies, sharing recipes, highlighting the best spots for African cuisine, and dropping quick food videos throughout the month of November, so get your taste buds ready.
No singular cuisine defines any country or region. Culinary scenes are comprised of a mix of influences from indigenous groups, European colonizers as well as ancient trade routes in which we came in contact with Arabic and Indian nomads. There are multiple religious, cultural, historical and topographical factors at play.
Food transcends borders but flavor, my friends, flavor, reigns supreme. Our flavors are complex, bitter, spicy and at times sour but more often than not, they call to mind home.
Africans far and wide are consistently brought together by one thing, FOOD! The quintessential way to enjoy a meal is to do so surrounded by friends and family. With Thanksgiving around the corner, it's only right we put together a list of essential foods you'll find at an African party. Few are the gatherings that don't offer these options.
Please, don't read this on an empty stomach.
Our diets are heavy in meat. Seriously—ask an African vegetarian to tell you the story of when they revealed they were cutting meat from their diets to their parents and listen carefully to how the experience went. Cue the resounding, "How can you be a vegetarian and an African? That is unnatural."
We roast it, we grill it, we pepper it, and we stuff it in pie. Meat isn't just served alone; It's a way to enhance stew or accompany everything else we place in our meals.
Chicken is eaten everywhere. Goat meat is a prevalent red meat and we love our kebabs from spicy suya to brochettes to shoukouya to tankora.
South Africans, Zimbabweans and Namibians enjoy strips of dried and spiced meat called biltong and boerewors or thick sausage. Both are notorious for being great cures to hangovers!
Cabidela is an Angola dish comprised of rabbit and poultry. The Horn of Africa's tibs are a cross between stir fry and stew made with just about any meat you can get your hands on. Moroccan b'Stilla or poultry pie, typically made with pigeon, is legendary and a starter at most festive occasions. Kofta is South Sudanese soul food comprised of meatballs in tomato sauce.
As you would imagine, fish is plentiful along coasts. Our fish is dried, smoked, seasoned to perfection, and can be prepared in even more creative ways. West Africans enjoy poisson braisé and they've even made a song about tilapia.
Angolans live for their fish soup or caldeirada de peixe and calulu, dried fish with vegetables.
You need this bite-sized snack at a special event. West Africans enjoy beignets, bofrot, gbofloto, gnonmi, kala or puff puff.
South Africans have dubbed it vetkoek or fat cake. The people of Mozambique stuff their chamussas with beef. Ethiopians eat sambusas. Mandazi is the swahili coconut doughnut. It really is the perfect little warm and comforting sweet!
They came to us from Asia by way of bartering and colonization and our lives were forever changed!
Whether you refer to them as kelewele, dodo, boli, allocco, banana-pão, or makemba, you understand that joy is ripping open a pack of these chips or the way you feel when the smell of fried plantains grazes your nose and you anticipate them in your belly.
The life of an African can not be sweet without rice. Don't debate us. Whether yellow, fried or mixed with tomato purée (You see what we did there?) it is the perfect accompaniment to any meal.
Nigerians and Ghanaians will be battling out who has the best jollof rice until the end of time. The Senegalese will stand by as the originators and other West African nations will simply indulge. Senegalese fish and rice or thiéboudienne is a national dish. Burkinabés eat babende, a mix of spinach and rice with fermented locust beans. Arabic Al Kabsa, rice and chicken, has made it's way to many nations. A Swahili coast specialty is Pilau.
Attiéké is a traditional couscous made from ground cassava roots and dubbed one of Ivory Coast's prized possessions.
Couscous, steamed balls of semolina, is pivotal to a Maghrebi home. Coucous, Foofoo, Fufu, Foufou is also cassava or semolina pounded until it has a dough-like consistency. Some of our fondest memories are watching the women in our families perform this exact task.
We love our veggies—when seasoned correctly with a wide array of spices. Tomatoes, onions and chili peppers enrich many dishes.
South Africans chow down on Chakalaka, a simple, spicy dish of onions, tomatoes and often beans. Ethiopians enjoy gomen or collard greens. Kenyan Mukimo is a Kikuyu tribe staple of mashed potatoes and vegetables. Another notable East African salad dish comprised of fresh tomatoes and onions is Kachumbari. Koki is made from cowpeas and a notable Cameroonian dish as is Ndolé, whose main components are stewed nuts and spinach. Nigerians are more inclined to place okra or egusi in their mélanges.
Sauce or Stew
This is very necessary. No ketchup, just sauce!
Ethiopians and Eritreans pair their injera or bread with wat of all kinds. North Africans are satisfied by tanjines. Runtown has informed us if you are Ghanaian, he hopes your love is a sweet as shito.
As you prepare to celebrate the holidays and enjoy the many, many, many meals that will be placed before you, remember:
"Don't take another mouthful before you have swallowed what is in your mouth." -African Proverb
Audrey Lang is an alumna of Northeastern University and a Boston-based site merchandiser. A surveyor of life who's enamored with all things fashion, art and Africa, keep up with her on Instagram and Tumblr.
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The Netherlands Returns Nigeria's Centuries-Old Stolen Artefact


Aarhus University Seal / Aarhus Universitets segl
The VILLUM FOUNDATION awards grants to young researchers
Søren Besenbacher, Bioinformatics Research Centre (BiRC), receives DKK 2.6 million for a project entitled 'Disentangling mutation and selection in human evolution'.
2013.02.01 | Ellen Bernadette Noer
This study will use bioinformatic methods to examine data from genome sequencing of pairs of parents and children in order to determine local differences in the human mutation rate and investigate what causes these differences. This will contribute to the understanding of serious genetic disorders such as schizophrenia and will also make it possible to disentangle the effect of the mutation from the effect of other evolutionary forces such as selection.
Read more about the grants.


text:
reTriEval and aNalysis of heterogeneouS online content for TerrOrist activity Recognition
Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) across Europe face today important challenges in how they identify, gather and interpret terrorist generated content online. The Dark Web presents additional challenges due to its inaccessibility and the fact that undetected material can contribute to the advancement of terrorist violence and radicalisation. LEAs also face the challenge of extracting and summarising meaningful and relevant content hidden in huge amounts of online data to inform their resource deployment and investigations.
In this context, the main objective of the TENSOR project is to provide a powerful terrorism intelligence platform offering LEAs fast and reliable planning and prevention functionalities for the early detection of terrorist organised activities, radicalisation and recruitment. The platform integrates a set of automated and semi-automated tools for efficient and effective searching, crawling, monitoring and gathering online terrorist-generated content from the Surface and the Dark Web; Internet penetration through intelligent dialogue-empowered bots; Information extraction from multimedia (e.g., video, images, audio) and multilingual content; Content categorisation, filtering and analysis; Real-time relevant content summarisation and visualisation; Creation of automated audit trails; Privacy-by-design and data protection.
The project brings together industry, LEAs, legal experts and research institutions. It is expected that this collaboration will have significant impact on 1) ensuring the final system meets end-user LEA requirements, 2) enabling LEAs to access and examine terrorist generated content online bringing significant advantages to their operational capability, and 3) promoting industry's enhanced understanding of operational LEA requirements and their market competitiveness in the field of online organised crime, terrorism and harmful-radicalisation.


Filesystem
Intro
D7AP specifies a structured filesystem containing a set of obligatory system files and optional user files. The system files contain all the configuration and status of the stack itself. The user files, which are not defined by the spec, can be used for example for your specific sensor data. The application using the D7AP stack interacts with the filesystem of the local node and with the filesystem of remote nodes, transparently. A file in the D7AP filesystem has associated properties like storage class (e.g. volatile, permanent) and permissions.
Implementation
The D7AP filesystem implementation in OSS-7 can be found in (stack/modules/d7ap/d7ap_fs.c). For storing the system files it depends on a blockdevice_t which is an abstraction used to read and write blocks of memory. At the moment there are 2 concrete implementations of the blockdevice API: blockdevice_driver_stm32_eeprom which uses the embedded EEPROM of the STM32L MCU, and blockdevice_driver_ram which uses a buffer in RAM (and hence is volatile).
Currently the blockdevice stores the headers and contents of the systemfiles only, the user files (if any) are stored in RAM for now. We are not using a real filesystem like LittleFS for now, and do not implement features like wear levelling.
The data contained in the filesystem is defined in C arrays in stack/modules/d7ap/d7ap_fs_data.c. This data ends up in RAM, unless the platform defines a PLATFORM_FS_SYSTEMFILES_IN_SEPARATE_LINKER_SECTION cmake variable. This way, the filesystem data will end up in a separate linker sections (.d7ap_fs_systemfiles) which can then be moved by modyfing the linker script. This method is used on stm32l based platforms to move the filesystem to the region of the embedded EEPROM (see for example in the linker script stack/framework/hal/platforms/B_L072Z_LRWAN1/STM32L072XZ.ld). When a sperate linker section is used the buildsystem will make sure to remove this section from the resulting <appname>-app.hex and add it to <appname>-eeprom-fs.hex, while <appname>-full.hex will contain everything. Different make targets will be created as well, for instance make flash-modem will flash the complete application + EEPROM section, while make flash-modem-app and make flash-modem-eeprom-fs allow you to flash only the application or the EEPROM respectively.
The platform should define the blockdevice to use by defining a static blockdevice_t* d7a_systemfiles_blockdevice in it's platform.h (see for instance stack/framework/hal/platforms/B_L072Z_LRWAN1/inc/platform.h).
The data in the systemfiles contained in d7ap_fs_data.c is not hardcoded, instead it is generated. For this we use pyd7a, which provides an API to generate the files, together with cog. Cog is a code generation tool which allows to run the python code embedded in comments in d7ap_fs_data.c and generate output, which is used to fill the C arrays. If wanted, the filesystem data can be updated by running PYTHONPATH="<path to pyd7a>" python2 -m cogapp -c -r stack/modules/d7ap/d7ap_fs_data.c (after installing pyd7a).
The value of the systemfiles in d7ap_fs_data.c is provided as a default. If you want to override it for your application you can do it out-of-tree to keep the source in sync with upstream. To do so, set the MODULE_D7AP_USE_DEFAULT_SYSTEMFILES cmake variable to false and define fs_systemfiles and fs_systemfiles_file_offsets in your application code (which can be out-of-tree). The easiest way is to copy d7ap_fs_data.c to your application directory, strip everything besides the fs_systemfiles and fs_systemfiles_file_offsets definitions, adapt file contents where needed and add it to the APP_BUILD sources in the app's CMakeLists.txt.
Future work
 - Allow to store user files in non volatile memory
 - Enable RAM caching of some files which change frequently, with periodic flushing to permanent memory
 - Enable using real filesystem implementations underneath of d7ap_fs
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Challenge Success Program at TJHSST
TJHSST is proud to be part of Challenge Success, a Stanford University affiliate that helps schools implement research-based strategies to promote student balance and wellness. The Challenge Success program supports our fervent belief that students are not defined merely by a number in a GPA; they can participate in a challenging learning environment and pursue academic excellence without being inundated with schoolwork. It is critical that our students achieve a healthy balance between school, family, and other activities in order to thrive in school–and in life.
TJ's Challenge Success Team
Successfully implementing strategies to enhance TJ's overall school climate cannot be made in a silo. This is a comprehensive undertaking that involves ongoing and meaningful collaboration with stakeholders, who are actively engaged in bringing our shared vision to life. After adopting Challenge Success in spring 2018, TJ established a Challenge Success Team to spearhead this journey. The team includes a diverse group of staff, parents, and students. Based on their findings from school culture surveys and other initial research, the team continues to focus on three key areas:
 1. Decoupling workload and rigor.
 2. Promoting the importance of sleep.
 3. Managing expectations.
Additional Information
Visit the following webpages for more information:
For specific questions about TJ's implementation of Challenge Success, please email Mark Forgash at
Challenge Success Parent Survey Results
This survey measures parents' perceptions of their children's experiences in areas such as academic stress, homework, sleep, technology use, and family rules and norms.
Challenge Success Student Survey Results
This survey measures students' perspectives on areas including homework, extracurricular activities and free time, sleep, school-related stress, and parents' expectations.
See why a college's "fit" matters more than its ranking.


Index of particular element
Knowing the index (x,y,z) of a specific element in a NumPy array can be helpful for visualizing the array, such as plotting a line or point at the location of the element. There are various methods to determine the index using NumPy. In this thread, we will discuss some methods of how we find the index of the specified element of an array.
1. Using "argpartition()" and "unravel_index()" :
One way to find the (x,y,z) index of the specified element in a NumPy array is to use the argpartition() function. It takes two arguments: the array to be partitioned, and the index of the element we want to find. It returns the indices that would partition the array into the desired order. For example:
After finding indices, we then take the first 100 indices using slicing, and find the index of the last element in the resulting array using the unravel_index() function.
 - unravel_index(indices, shape) function that takes a flat index or an array of flat indices and returns the corresponding tuple of multidimensional indices.
This gives us the index of the 100th element in the array.
2. Using "argsort()" function:
 - The argsort() function in NumPy is used to perform an indirect sort on an input array, which means it returns an array of indices that would sort the input array. It takes an array as input and returns an array of indices that would sort the input array along the specified axis.
For example, to find the index (x,y,z) of the 100th element is by using the argsort() function.


text:
When Facebook recently made a significant change to the EdgeRank algorithm that increased the importance of Negative Feedback, we spent time to better understand how it's impacting Pages.
With the launch of our Negative Feedback Analysis feature, we revealed a new metric: Severity Score. There are a variety of different types of Negative Feedback, each type differs in severity. The score weights these types of Negative Feedback to give perspective into how bad the feedback really was.
We believe that the severity of Negative Feedback is as follows:
xbutton > hide > hide all > spam > unlike
We have weighted the Negative Feedback and divided against Total Unique Impressions to give relativity for the number of people who saw it.
Facebook recently made a significant change to the EdgeRank algorithm that increased the importance of Negative Feedback. As a result, understanding Negative Feedback is now an integral component for optimizing EdgeRank, and keeping at bay any negative impact on your content is more important than ever.
Negative Feedback Analyzer enables marketers to quickly understand how Negative Feedback impacts their content, and offers insight on how to avoid future Negative Feedback.
We built Negative Feedback Analyzer to answer a few
- How much Negative Feedback does my content typically receive?
- What is the normal amount of Negative Feedback that Pages in my industry receive?
- How many fans are now unreachable because of prior Negative Feedback?
- How is Paid Media influencing Negative Feedback for my content?
- Which topics are creating Negative Feedback?
- What specific content is receiving Negative Feedback?
- Of the different types of Negative Feedback, what is the severity of my Negative Feedback?
How To Use Negative Feedback Analyzer
On September 20th, it was reported that Facebook made a significant change to EdgeRank. This change resulted in a loss of Organic Reach for a vast majority of Pages. The fallout of this change is still being analyzed and many pages are reporting changes in their optimal content types. EdgeRank Checker decided to look at the data to see if these changes made any impact on the dominance of photos on the news feed.
We're excited to announce our newest tool: Real-Time Monitor for Facebook Analytics! Facebook now updates post level analytics approximately every 5 minutes. We've built a dashboard to monitor the most important metrics, as they happen. This new tool is currently in Beta, which requires you to remain within the tool in order for us to collect the metrics every 5 minutes. We'll be expanding this functionality in the future.
- Monitor all active* posts for the Pages you Admin
- Filter by a variety of metrics: Total Impressions, Unique Impressions, Viral Impressions, Organic Impressions, Paid Impressions, Total Engagement, Clicks, Shares, Likes, Comments, & Virality
All filter options are able to be viewed as Change In Values or Total Values. Change In Values offers a unique perspective to see how your content is currently trending.
Keep an eye on all of your posts' Negative Feedback rating. If an individual post is receiving above average negative feedback, it's imperative to consider deleting the post to reduce potential damage to your average EdgeRank. Removing a Post before it receives substantial Negative Feedback helps your Page maintain the highest possible opportunity for high EdgeRank.
Social Media is renowned for having the potential for "Virality". We are now providing a never before seen real-time analysis of Viral Lift for your content. Examine how Organic, Viral, and Paid Impressions interact with your content to get a better understanding of Viral Lift.
Monitor recent posts' individual performance by examining Engagement, Impressions, Clicks, and Negative Feedback in real-time. This allows the brand manager to quickly identify how each individual post is performing as it happens.


text:
Download app templates
You can create your own app from a shared map by downloading and configuring one of the configurable templates in the map viewer. The template ZIP file contains the files and instructions you need to customize and deploy the app on your web server.
Keep in mind that each configurable app template offers different functionality, such as different layouts and color schemes, editing and identify tools, social media feeds, and side-by-side map viewers. Some of the templates allow you to configure the app to create a customized look and feel.
If your portal is currently disconnected from the Internet, you'll need to remove all external references in the template and configure it to use your portal's utility services. You can configure the template to use the portal's utility service by setting the template's queryForOrg property to true. Instructions for removing external references and configuring utility service use are included in the readme file that is bundled with the template. To learn more about utility services, see About utility services.
If you have privileges to create and share content, you can download a template to create a web app that can be hosted on your web server by following these steps:
- Open a saved map in the map viewer and click Share. You can only make a web app with a map that is shared. If you own the map, share it by specifying sharing options in the Share window. If you don't own the map, contact the owner and have them share it, as necessary.
- Click Make a Web Application to open the Make a Web Application window with a gallery of configurable app templates you can use.
- Hover over a template thumbnail on the Configurable Apps tab to see a description of the template.
- Click Publish under the template thumbnail and choose Preview to see how your map will look in the template.
- Click Publish under the template thumbnail and choose Download to download the template files and deploy the app on your machine.
- Open or save the .zip file.


John Titus Jungao John Titus Jungao -4 years ago 143
Python Question
Streaming two line graphs using bokeh
I would like to create a visualization where there are two line graphs which are updated with one new point per line graph per second.
The result will be something like this.
I have recently read about bokeh and found out that it can be used in visualizing streams of data in real time. However don't know how to code in it yet.
I would appreciate it if someone can show me how this task can be done using bokeh. thanks!
Answer Source
For bokeh-0.11.1:
Basically, you need to run you python app in the bokeh server. Then anyone can connect to the server and view the graph in realtime.
First, write your program. Use this code for example:
# myplot.py
from bokeh.plotting import figure, curdoc
from bokeh.driving import linear
import random
p = figure(plot_width=400, plot_height=400)
r1 = p.line([], [], color="firebrick", line_width=2)
r2 = p.line([], [], color="navy", line_width=2)
ds1 = r1.data_source
ds2 = r2.data_source
@linear()
def update(step):
 ds1.data['x'].append(step)
 ds1.data['y'].append(random.randint(0,100))
 ds2.data['x'].append(step)
 ds2.data['y'].append(random.randint(0,100))
 ds1.trigger('data', ds1.data, ds1.data)
 ds2.trigger('data', ds2.data, ds2.data)
curdoc().add_root(p)
# Add a periodic callback to be run every 500 milliseconds
curdoc().add_periodic_callback(update, 500)
Then run the server from the command line, with your program:
C:\>bokeh serve --show myplot.py
This will open the browser with your realtime graph.
For all the details see the bokeh server documentation.
Recommended from our users: Dynamic Network Monitoring from WhatsUp Gold from IPSwitch. Free Download


text:
Analysis of Cyanate Ester Resins and Graphite Fabric for Use in Resin Film Infusion Processing
MetadataShow full item record
The resin cure-kinetics models predicted the curing behavior of the resins as functions of time, temperature, and degree of cure. The proposed viscosity models determined the resin viscosity as a function of temperature and degree of cure. The 8HS graphite fabric was tested in compaction and through the thickness permeability to determine the effect of compaction pressure on fiber volume fraction and in turn on through the thickness permeability. The one-dimensional RFI flow and cure simulation combined the cure-kinetics and viscosity models of the resins with the characteristics of the graphite fabric and determined resin infiltration and cure times.
The proposed cure-kinetics and viscosity models were more than adequate in modeling the cure and flow behavior of the cyanate ester resin systems. Power law curve fits accurately represented the compaction and through the thickness permeability of the 8HS graphite fabric. Finally, the one-dimensional RFI flow and cure simulation showed that resin viscosity was the major influence on the infiltration times.
- Masters Theses


What is a price floor? Examples of binding and non-binding price floors.
Price floors are common government tools used in regulating. A price floor means that the price of a good or service cannot go lower than the regulated floor. A minimum wage law is the most common and easily recognizable example of a price floor.
To intuitively understand a price floor, imagine dropping a rock in your house. The rock cannot go lower than the floor because it will hit it and stop. The same concept holds with prices and a price floor. The price cannot go lower than the price floor. Where this gets tricky is that a BINDING price floor occurs ABOVE the equilibrium price. It may be confusing to have a floor above something, but if you think it through it makes sense. If a rock wants to fall from an altitude of 50 meters to an altitude of 20 meters, than the floor must be above 20 meters in order to be effective. If the floor is at 10 meters, the rock (price) can fall to 20 meters with no problem.
Economics classes want students to be able to recognize the difference between binding and non binding price floors. Consider the example of a minimum wage law in California. Imagine the minimum wage is $8.00 per hour. If a company wants to pay someone $10.00 per hour, than there is no problem because this price is above the floor. However, if a company wants to pay an employee $6.00 per hour, than the there is a problem because this amount is below the price floor. The latter example would be a binding price floor, while the former would not be binding.
Note that the price floor is below the equilibrium price so that anything price ABOVE the floor is feasible. Another way to think about this is to start at a price of 100, and go down until you the price floor price or the equilibrium price. If you hit the price floor first, it is binding. However, if you hit the equilibrium price first, the price floor is not binding is not.
Since our original price floor of $4.00 was ineffective, what happens if we increase the price floor to $10.00? This will raise the price floor line on the graph above the equilibrium price level. You can now see that the equilibrium price is BELOW the price floor, so it is not possible for the equilibrium price to be attained. This means that suppliers (labor) are willing to supply a higher quantity than originally supplied (because of the higher price) and consumers (firms) are going to demand a lower quantity than originally demanded. This results in a surplus (unemployment) because quantity supplied is higher than quantity demanded. As long as the price floor is present, there will be a surplus in the market, and some of the suppliers that are willing and supply their labor will not be able to find a job (a firm willing and able to hire them at the price floor price).
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text:
the variable will indicate a downward trend in the Price VAM. In this example, there are no inversely correlated variables.
Finally, causality is the last criterion in the analysis and selection of important variables in price, sales or demand forecasts. Causality, unlike correlation, allows establishing a cause-effect relationship between a group of variables and indicators and the items of interest. Based on the forecasts, Datup determines which are the variables whose behaviours are the cause of upward or downward changes in the target items. For example, it is observed that VAM price forecasts are mostly caused by the Methanol China Index (0.5), New Orleans Temperature (0.39), Acetic Acid Index (0.35), Qingdao Temperature (0.31), US Price Ethanol (0.31). Once again, it is important to pay attention to those variables common to impact, correlation and causality analysis, as they form the set of key indicators to be taken into account by analysts for their operational and strategic decisions. Here, Price Ethanol is identified in both impact and causality analysis. Even more relevant, the Acetic Acid Index is the common denominator in all 3 significance analyses.
Thus, the key indicators in order of importance to guide Price Vynil Acetate Monomer (VAM) purchasing strategies, following the criteria of impact, causality and correlation are:
Acetic Acid Index
Acetic Acid RMB
US Ethanol Price
US Existing Home Sales
Methanol China Index
New Orleans Temperature
Finally, it should be noted that each new daily, weekly or monthly forecast involves the estimation of high-impact variables and indicators, causalities and correlations, based on changes observed in the most recently collected data. Datup automatically and continuously identifies and presents to analysts the top-n of key indicators to be taken into account for the best decision making in trading, purchasing, production or distribution.
Advanced Use Case: Scenario Simulation
This use case guides decision making for:
Simulate the behaviour of items of interest, based on the increase, maintenance or decrease in the values of specific variables and indicators.
Taking the identified high impact, causal and/or correlated indicators identified by Datup's importance analysis as a starting point, it is possible to forecast the quantity or price of an item of interest in future periods. Unlike the forecasts of the first part, the simulation not only considers historical data, but also builds various scenarios from the key indicators to generate the forecasts of the items of interest; covering increases of 10% and 30%, drops of -10% and -30% or the permanence of the current value. In addition to the indicators postulated by the impotance analysis, analysts can include additional variables to simulate.
In the example use case, Price Vynil Acetate Monomer (VAM) is the item of interest, the key indicators to simulate are: Acetic Acid RMB, US Ethanol Price, US Existing Home Sales. In addition, the supporting indicators Dollar TRM and WTI Crude USD are included in the simulation.
The results show the simulation of 5 scenarios that can be presented by the Acetic Acid RMB in the short-term forecasts, which correspond to increases of 10% ($9,995) and 30% ($11,765), falls of -10% ($8,145) and -30% ($6,335) and the current price ($9,050) remaining unchanged. For each scenario, Datup forecasts the Price VAM most likely in the column
Pronóstico VAMaccompanied by the ceiling price
Pronóstico VAM Sup and floor
Pronóstico VAM Inf where it can be located, depending on the uncertainties observed in its history. For example, if the Acetic Acid RMB increases its current price by 10% to reach $9,995, the Price VAM will stand at $2,309, with a ceiling at $2,337 and a floor at $2,282.
Now, taking the TRM dollar as one of the variables to be simulated, we consider the scenario where the exchange rate falls by 10% to $3,460. In this way, the Price VAM will be $2,246, with a ceiling at $2,284 and a floor at $2,213.


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text:
THE DEVICE FOR DENTAL ROOT CANAL APICAL CONSTRICTION LOCALIZATION
Advantages of the device:
- Multi-frequency principle of apex localization ? guaranteed accuracy of measurements in any media (Dry, Wet, Bleeding, etc?)
- 5th Generation.
- Large well-read LCD screen.
- Digital, graphic, light and sound indication of measurement results.
- Indication for over-dried canals.
- Indication for low battery.
- Indication of the accumulator current charge level.
- Automatic activation when instrument inserted into the root canal.
- Adjust the volume level of the sound signal.
- Energy-saving function.


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Elite on the BBC Micro
Text: POSWRCH (6502SP version)
Name: POSWRCH [View in context] Type: Subroutine Category: Text Summary: Print a character on the printer only
Arguments: A The character to send to the printer
.POSWRCH PHA \ Store A on the stack so we can retrieve it after the \ following call to NVOSWRCH LDA #1 \ Send ASCII 1 to the printer using the non-vectored JSR NVOSWRCH \ OSWRCH, which means "send the next character to the \ printer only" PLA \ Retrieve A from the stack JMP NVOSWRCH \ Send the character in A to the printer using the \ non-vectored OSWRCH, which prints the character on the \ printer, and return from the subroutine using a tail \ call


text: Laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) is a modification of conventional CVD using a laser heat source. The film growth characteristics differ considerably from conventional CVD in several ways, however. The use of an optical heat source means that the optical properties of the film/substrate system must be considered, e.g., for metals deposited on absorbing substrates, the film thickness and diameter may "self-limit" in some cases because the deposited film reflects most of the laser energy. On the other hand, the small area heated in LCVD results in a different diffusion geometry and access to higher surface temperatures than are achievable when large areas are heated. For favorable reactant systems, these enhancement effects can yield fast deposition rates and line deposition scan speeds greater than 10 cm/sec. This paper will review results of pulsed and cw LCVD of predominantly metal films using visible and infrared lasers.


WL#7168: API for estimates for how much of table and index data that is in memory buffer
Affects: Server-Prototype Only — Status: Complete — Priority: Medium
For storage engines that cache parts of the database in a main memory
buffer, the time to read data from a table or index will be very
dependent on whether the data is already in the memory buffer or has
to be read from disk.
In order to take this into account, the code for computing cost
estimates for data access needs to know whether data is in memory or will
be read from disk. This worklog will extend the handler with a new API
for providing estimates for where table and index data is stored. It
will also contain a default implementation that will be used if the
storage engine does not provide this information.
Separate worklogs should be created for the individual storage engines
to provide the estimates and for making them available to the handler.
The estimates will be used by the cost estimation functions that will
be implemented as part of improving the optimizer cost model.
This worklog will not introduce any functional or non-functional changes. It
just provides a handler API that storage engines will provide data for. When
this new API is taken into use, there will be changes to how the optimizer
selects between query plans.
The worklog extends the handler with:
 a) Data structures where storage engines can provide estimates for how much of
data from tables and indexes that are stored in a main memory buffer.
 b) An API that the cost model can use to access this information.
 c) A default implementation/heuristic that can be used if the storage engine
has not provided this information.
Data structures for storing estimates:
======================================
The following data structures will be extended in order for storage engines
to store information about how much of tables or indexes that are in a main
memory buffer;
For estimate of how much of the table that is in a memory buffer:
-extend the ha_statistics class with a new variable:
 /**
 Estimate for how much of the table that is availabe in a memory buffer.
 Valid range is [0..1]. If negative means that the storage engine
 has not supplied any value for it.
 */
 double table_in_mem_estimate;
The server will initialize this to -1.0 when creating new handler objects. This
will be used for detecting whether the storage engine has provided a value or not.
For estimate of how much of each index that is in a memory buffer:
-extend the st_key struct with a new variable:
 /**
 Estimate for how much of the index data that is currently available in
 a memory buffer. Valid range is [0..1]. This will be initialize to a
 negative number. If it still has a negative values when used means that the
 storage engine has not supplied a value.
 */
 double in_memory_estimate;
The server will initialize this to -1.0 when creating new handler objects. This
will be used for detecting whether the storage engine has provided a value or not.
When the server calls handler::info() with the HA_STATUS_VARIABLE flag set,
it will be the storage engine's responsibility to update these variables with
correct estimates. handler::info() is called on the start of every query, and
it is important for the optimizer that these estimates do not change during the
optimization of a query.
Note about partition pruning: since handler::info(HA_STATUS_VARIABLE) will be
used for retrieving these estimates, this will allow estimates that correctly
takes into account partition pruning.
Handler API for use to get access to the estimates:
===================================================
Two new functions are added to the handler class. These should be used by the
cost calculation functions to access the estimates that the storage engines have
provided:
 /**
 Return an estimate of how much of the table that is currently stored
 in main memory.
 This estimate should be the fraction of the table that currently
 is available in a main memory buffer. The estimate should be in the
 range from 0.0 (nothing in memory) to 1.0 (entire table in memory).
 @return The fraction of the table in main memory buffer
 */
 double table_in_memory_estimate() const;
 /**
 Return an estimate of how much of the index that is currently stored
 in main memory.
 This estimate should be the fraction of the index that currently
 is available in a main memory buffer. The estimate should be in the
 range from 0.0 (nothing in memory) to 1.0 (entire index in memory).
 @param keyno the index to get an estimate for
 @return The fraction of the index in main memory buffer
 */
 double index_in_memory_estimate(uint keyno) const;
Default implementation:
=======================
If the storage engine does not implement support for estimating the
amount of the data and indexes that is in the memory buffer, the
handler will use a default implementation for this. This implementation
will be based on the size of the table/index and the size of the memory buffer
that the storage engine uses for caching data in (if available).
Proposed high level heuristics:
 a) if the handler knows the size of the main memory buffer, then if the size
table or index is less than 10 percent of this buffer, then assume the
table/index is cached in memory.
 b) if the handler does not know the size of the main memory buffer, then if the
table or index is less than 10 MB, then assume it is cached in a memory buffer.
An initial working prototype for this API has been implemented. In addition to
implement the interface as specified in the High-level specification section,
this also implements the needed support in the Memory engine.


text:
The client, leveraged its key technologies such as adhesives and coating and expanded globally across various industries including electronics, automotive, housing, infrastructure, environmental, and medical. The company's R&D centre developed a point-of-care Microalbumin testing device. As part of its overall growth strategy, the client wanted to launch this device in India and in the UAE
The top management requested UC Strategy to "Develop a Market Entry Strategy for the point-of-care testing device" with the following strategic questions to be answered across UAE:
- What is the current physician prescription trends for point of care (POC) testing devices?
- What is the current market segmentation for the POC testing devices?
- What is the prescription behaviour of general physicians and their key purchase criteria or barriers to adoption for the same?
- What is current distribution structure and dynamics for the POC testing devices?
- What is the regulatory landscape governing the POC testing devices?
- What is the competitive landscape for the point-of-care microalbumin testing devices and what are the key success factors for the same?
- What should be its entry strategy in these markets (including route to market, in-house vs outsourced manufacturing, etc.)
In line with the above approach, the UC Strategy team conducted primary research with ~25 respondents in Dubai. Along with interviews with clinicians such as general physicians, diabetologists and specialists, UC Strategy also interviewed with personnel from the regulatory authority, insurance companies, diagnostic laboratories, manufacturers and pharmacies.
The client was provided with a synthesis of findings from the city of Dubai.


text:
TDR soil probe
The most advanced and precise Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) probe available for scientists and engineers. The FP/MTS Field TDR Probe is designed to measure soil volumetric water content, temperature and electrical conductivity (EC/salinity) simultaneously.
The FP/MTS is ideally suited to the field but it can also be deployed in laboratory, soil columns, and glasshouse projects.
- Operates with FP/mts field meter and TDR/MUX/mpts laboratory meter
- Applicable for field use or monitoring purposes
- Variable length probes are available for easy field installation and maintenance.
|Measurement Principle||Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)|
|Sensor Dimensions||2 parallel stainless steel rods | 100mm Length | 2mm Diameter spaced 14mm apart (smaller probes available upon request)|
|Cable Length||1.5m (standard) | Up to 6m (optional)|
|Soil Volumetric Water Content||0 to 100 %|
|Temperature||-20 to 50 °C|
|Electrical Conductivity/Salinity||0 to 1 S/m|
|Soil Volumetric Water Content||± 2% or less with soil specific calibration|
|Temperature||± 0.5 °C|
|Electrical Conductivity/Salinity||± 10%|
|Soil Volumetric Water Content||0.1 %|
|Electrical Conductivity/Salinity||1 mS m-1|


text: Cab filtration systems can be used to protect vehicle operators from hazardous air contaminants. In a cab filtration system, a fan draws air through filters and pressurizes the cab with this filtered air. This article describes the application of a low-cost, optical particle counter to evaluate the performance of tractor cab filtration systems. The tractors were equipped with environmental enclosures to protect the operators from pesticide exposures that occur during air blast spraying in orchards. Prior to testing, all environmental tractor cabs underwent a complete maintenance overhaul followed by a careful inspection by the manufacturer's field representative. As part of this maintenance effort, 13 tractors with cab filtration systems were tested in an enclosure. A Met One model 227B two-channel optical particle counter was used to measure the aerosol concentration outside and inside the cab. Ambient aerosol and/or aerosol generated by burning incense sticks were used to challenge the stationary cab filtration system in an enclosure. The ratio of the outside to inside concentration (Co/Ci) is the exposure reduction attained by the cab system. Alternatively, the inside concentration divided by the outside concentration times 100 (Ci/Co x 100) gives the percent penetration. All 13 tractors were tested for leak sites. Leak sites were identified and sealed. This process was repeated until each cab showed an exposure reduction ratio Co/Ci of at least 50 (aerosol penetration into the cab Ci/Co x 100 was less than 2%) at the 0.3-0.5 microm particle size interval.


- British experts found two rare bronze statues crafted by Michelangelo.
What idiom or phrase can describe either the state or the period for which the invaluable piece of art remained hidden from public knowledge.
Edit - A word or phrase that tells not about the discovery but the statues, their being out of public domain. Where did it remain all this while?
 - Hidden, (thought) lost, forgotten? There are many options, maybe if you give some more details, we could be more specific. As for unheralded, I don't think it works. The discovery of the statues may have been unheralded, but the statues themselves? – oerkelens Feb 3 '15 at 14:29
 - Sir, kind of where did it remain all this while. – Non-native Feb 3 '15 at 14:38
 - If you are referring to the following article, it is a question of acknowledged or unacknowledged _URL_ – user66974 Feb 3 '15 at 15:41
 - 2
 Unheralded, like gala, is not a great choice for a predicate adjective. – John Lawler Feb 3 '15 at 16:09
 - Is it perhaps the case that the statues were previously unattributed, or misattributed? – Patrick Wood Feb 3 '15 at 21:30
I think it would be fun, if slightly histrionic, to say that the statues "languished in obscurity".
 - +1, 'languished in obscurity", appears appropriate to what the OP demands. – weakphoneme Feb 3 '15 at 16:17
Either heretofore unknown or heretofore undiscovered would work if no knowledge of the works existed prior to the discovery.
The works, heretofore unknown, were discovered in the ruins of a monastery in Pisa.
If knowledge of the works did exist, then you could use thought lost or long thought lost, as in
The works, long thought lost, were discovered in the ruins of a monastery in Pisa.
Edit: You can substitute hitherto for heretofore in the first example.
Since the knowledge of the work did not exist during the period.
What about- "period of anonymity".
The noun anonymity comes from a Greek word meaning "without a name." If you have anonymity, you have namelessness, and people will not know who you are.
an·o·nym·i·ty - (TFD)*
 1. The quality or state of being unknown or unacknowledged.
 2. One that is unknown or unacknowledged.
Assuming that it was known that these pieces existed, but we thought they had been lost, a common way of expressing that is long-lost:
Long-lost original score of Mozart masterpiece found in Budapest
BFI screens long-lost Laurel and Hardy print
Of course, it is possible that nobody (in the recent era) ever knew that they existed at all. That is, not just the statues were long-lost, but actually the knowledge of their existence was lost. In that case, they were forgotten.
How about limbo?
limbo (n.)
 1. (in some Christian beliefs) the supposed abode of the souls of unbaptized infants, and of the just who died before Christ's coming.
 2. an uncertain period of awaiting a decision or resolution; an intermediate state or condition.
The statues were in limbo until discovered.
'Waiting to be discovered' can be used as a metaphor. Oblivious can be used in a certain context, to the time - eg people were oblivious of the future uses of rubber at that time.
The statues were disregarded for nearly a decadecennium.
deca - prefix in the metric system, also a numerical prefix, denoting a factor of ten.
decennium - a period of 10 years
Share and enjoy.
 - If they were disregarded then they couldn't easily be "hidden from public knowledge." – Robusto Feb 3 '15 at 18:21
Your Answer


Article ID : 00122515 / Last Modified : 11/04/2018
How to check the data size of an application that finished installing.
 Please follow the steps below:
 1. Using the supplied remote, press the HOME button.
 2. Select Settings.
 3. Select Apps in the TV category.
 4. Select Downloaded apps.
 5. Check the data size displayed under the name of the corresponding app.


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Spark your imagination: Home > What is EL Wire - CooLight EL Wire FAQs
CooLight EL Wire 101 - GENERAL FAQS
What is EL Wire - Electroluminescent Wire?
It is a light source based on the technology of Electroluminescence. A linear light source in the form of a flexible fiber. It comes in many colors and diameters of 1.2mm to 5.0mm and continuous lengths up to hundreds of feet. When the appropriate electric power is applied to EL Wire, the flexible fiber glows similarly to neon light. Cool to the touch and very low power consumption! It is not as bright as LEDs or Neon but provides a very nice eye-catching light and illumination.
EL Wire requires an inverter to light up.
An inverter is a small electric device operated by DC voltage. The inverter's function is to convert the low DC voltage into higher AC voltage necessary for EL Wire operation.
Why are there different types of inverters?
For optimum efficiency, the power inverter needs to be appropriate for the resistance and capacitance EL Wire characteristics, both of which are determined by the fiber length. Each inverter is designed to drive different length ranges of EL Wire. CooLight can help you select the appropriate inverter if you have any questions. Many of our inverters can be integrated with DMX and micro-controllers such as Arduino.
What types of inverters are available?
Inverters designed to light up EL Wire ranging from several inches to 328ft of wire, typical DC voltage range of 1.5vdc to 12+vdc. Longer lengths of 50+ft require 12vdc. The inverters can also be powered by a DC-to-AC wall transformers for simple plug-in power.
How do changes in electrical input affect the brightness?
Brightness is affected by both voltage and frequency. The higher the voltage or frequency, the brighter the wire. EL Wire typically operates in a range of internal voltage of 80-130+VAC (RMS), depending on the needs of the application. EL Wire can be operated at a wide range of frequency too - the most range from 450-3000Hz range. It can be operated up 8000Hz but this will reduce the useful lifetime and should only be considered where brightness is required for shorter term installations.
Can EL Wire brightness be manipulated?
Yes. Brightness level can be manipulated through both voltage and/or frequency. Choosing a higher output of frequency and/or voltage will inverter will increase brightness. Choosing lower end frequency will reduce brightness a bit and also extend useful lifetime.
Do the inverters emit sound?
The inverters do emit a slight audible pitch which is due to operating frequency and inverter component design. Standard household is 60Hz, the higher the hertz the more audible it becomes. Most EL Wire inverters operate in the 1500Hz - 3000Hz. Most of our inverters are very quiet. The inverter can also be stored in a more isolated location with lead wire connected.
Yes, EL Wire requires soldering... and, we do offer solder/connection service
Solder Step 1 - Strip outer and inner conductive sleeve off to expose coated core and two fine hairs wire. Strip wires (off-set) draw back two fine conductors and scrape white phosphor coating off tip for solder point. Put heat shrink tube over lead wire for final step.
Solder Step 2 - Solder center conductor to short lead conductor and wrap fine hair wires around the other conductor lead. TEST!
Solder Step 3 - Solder coat the fine wires.
Solder Step 4 - Slide heat shrink tube and apply heat.
Why is EL Wire better than LED and fiber optics (emitting light from the sides)?
EL Wire provides the following advantages over neon, LED and fiber optics:
* Flexibility, braiding or looping
* Light along the entire length, 360 degrees
* Low power consumption
* Cool to the touch
* Wide range of colors
* Continuous length of operation up to 328ft/100m
What is the lifetime of EL Wire?
The useful lifetime is up to thousands of hours, depending on the frequency and voltage inputs. The useful lifetime of EL Wire is defined as the amount of time it takes for the wire's brightness to diminish to 30% of its initial brightness. Higher frequency and voltage will result in brighter wire but will shorten its useful lifetime. The EL Wire dims very gradually with use, and continues to emit a dimmed light for a long time after its useful lifetime.
What are the voltage levels are needed to operate EL Wire?
Most common inverter voltage level is between 80 -130 VAC.
What colors and diameters are available for EL Wire?
Aqua (Blue Green), Blue, Green, Lime Neon Green, Orange, Pink, Purple, Red, Yellow, White
EL wire is most commonly available in the following diameters:
1.2 mm (0.05in). A delicate wire with a bright fine point of light
2.3mm (0.09in). When thinner wire is required
3.2mm (0.13in). Flexible, like thick spaghetti and the most versatile
5.0mm (0.2in). Thick for added durability
Examples of some EL Wire applications:
* Theater stage set design, costume design, aisle and step lighting
* Light decoration and Signage for exhibitions, events and businesses
* Integration with Clothing, Hats and Costumes
* Home theater lighting
* Interior Accent Lighting, under cabinets, trim molding
* Automobile, RV and Boat interior and exterior lighting
* Added to garments for night time activities
* Signage
* Art and Sculpture design integration
* Night guide lighting for stairs, camping
* Night time hobby drone and kite flying, whee!
Can EL Wire be used outdoors?
The 3.2 mm and 5.0 mm are recommended for outdoor use; 2.3mm is okay for limited outdoor use, clothing, limited/intermittent exposure is fine.
Can EL Wire be used for clothing and fashion applications?
Definitely! El Wire is the perfect lighting product for fantastic and safe lighting effects in textiles, fabrics, and accessories. It provides a flexible, cold, low-power, and easy to attach product for use with fashion applications with glue or loop sewing with fishing line. Garments can be dry-cleaned however there is always that pesky "waiver".
by Alexandra Wynne
How can EL Wire be affixed?
Depending on the project and surface you are working with: clear cable clamps, clear zip ties, double stick tape (3M), channel molding, clear packing tape, hot glue, super glue and fishing line are options.
To what degree can EL Wire be bent and twisted?
The wire is very flexible and can be bent, looped and twisted. However, over-bending, for example, tying the fiber in a tight knot, may harm the fiber internal structure.
Specifically, the bending diameter must be at least 5 times greater than the fiber diameter. For example, 0.09" diameter fibers can be bent to a minimum bending diameter of 0.45".
The maximum recommended twisting angle is 30 degrees per meter of wire.
If you touch the core, will EL Wire cause electrocution?
Touching the wire core cannot cause electrocution. Touching the core alone will have no effect whatsoever. Touching the core and the spiral fibers together while the EL Wire is connected to power or a battery, maybe produce a slight shock or "zit" (similar to touching a tongue to a 9v battery), caused by the low power short circuit.
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Definition of Emboli
Definition of Emboli
Emboli: Something that travels through the bloodstream, lodges in a blood vessel and blocks it. Examples of emboli are a detached blood clot, a clump of bacteria, and foreign material such as air.
Pulmonary emboli are blood clots that have been carried through the blood into the pulmonary artery (the main blood vessel from the heart to the lung) or one of its branches, plugging that vessel.
Emboli is the plural of embolus, a word that comes from the Greek "embolos" meaning a wedge or plug. "Embolos" was derived from "en" (in) + "ballein" (to throw) so emboli are something thrown in.
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text:
But when practical, Intel's goal is to ultimately include sensors inside devices, O'Shea said. Intel is already planning a radical redesign for future chips through a technology called near-threshold voltage (NTV), in which CPUs can operate at extremely low voltage levels.
Intel's goal is also to make cities smarter, and the company has a number of research projects under way that use sensor kits for energy, traffic light and gas station management. The chips include components that process data at the hardware level, but the researchers are complementing the sensors with algorithms that mine and analyze the data.
Intel hopes to ultimately make more money off these projects. O'Shea said. The data generated by sensors requires more servers to process, which could help Intel sell more chips, O'Shea said.
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What Is Yukon Gold Potato?
Buying, Cooking, and Recipes
A skillet filled with roasted Yukon Gold potatoes
4kodiak / Getty Images
The yellow-fleshed Yukon Gold potato is a great all-purpose potato, suitable for mashing, roasting, boiling, frying, and sautéing. When it comes to texture, this potato falls between the starchy russet and waxy red potato and has a naturally buttery flavor. Developed in Ontario, Canada, in the 1960s, the Yukon Gold potato now grows in other potato-growing regions, including Idaho.
What Is Yukon Gold Potato?
A Yukon Gold potato is a cross between a wild South American yellow potato and a North American white potato. Other gold-flesh potatoes are generally available from July through April, but Yukon Gold has a shorter availability season, usually from August through February. Its rosy pink eyes distinguish it from other thin-skinned yellow-flesh potatoes. It typically costs a bit more than standard white potatoes, russets, red potatoes, and other common gold potatoes, though generally less than fingerlings and other specialty varieties.
How to Cook With Yukon Gold Potato
Lightly scrub potatoes just prior to using them; do not wash potatoes before storing them as this introduces extra moisture and can hasten rot. The thin skin on Yukon Gold potato comes off easily, whether it's peeled before or after cooking. Leave it in its jacket when baking, steaming, or boiling, which prevents the flesh from crumbling when chopping or slicing the potato for use in a recipe. Peel it before proceeding with a recipe, or leave the skin intact for a more rustic and nutritious presentation.
What Does It Taste Like?
The concentrated flavor of buttery Yukon Gold potato means it tastes delicious, even with little seasoning. The flavor may even be described as a bit vegetal and slightly sweet.
Yukon Gold Potato Recipes
The versatility of Yukon Gold potato means it can substitute it for nearly any other potato in almost any dish. It holds together like red and other waxy potatoes, making it suitable for salads, but as mashers, it's on par with russets. Choose Yukon Gold when a dish would benefit from the pretty yellow color.
Where to Buy Yukon Gold Potato?
Yukon Gold potato is widely available at nearly any grocery store, health food store, or online grocery retailer. Make sure to look for packaging or signage that specifies Yukon Gold to distinguish it from other varieties of yellow-flesh potatoes. The potato may be packaged in 5- or 10-pound bags, or loose in bulk bins. Select potatoes that feel firm to the touch, with no bruised or bald spots, cuts, sprouts, or green areas. One potato with a soft spot or damaged area hastens the deterioration of the rest.
Potatoes grow easily in backyard gardens, too. The seeds from garden centers or online retailers are actual potatoes cultivated specifically as seed potatoes for planting.
Since they have slightly higher sugar content, gold potatoes do not store as well as russets. They need a cold environment, 40 F to 50 F, with an optimum 90 percent humidity. Storage below 33 F turns the starches into sugar. Store Yukon Gold potato in a paper bag (preferable) or perforated plastic bag in the refrigerator vegetable crisper drawer, away from onions, and use within several weeks. Or put the potato in a well-ventilated cold-storage area such as a root cellar, being careful to protect it from any light source.
Exposure to light turns potatoes green, resulting in bitterness. A chemical called solanine causes this discoloration, and can also lead to intestinal discomfort. When the level of solanine exceeds as little as 0.01 percent, potatoes can become toxic. It's OK to cut off small green areas and use the rest of the potato, but if more than half the flesh looks green, toss it.
Store leftover cooked potatoes in the refrigerator in an airtight container for up to three days. Another option: Freeze mashed gold potatoes in a sealed container with 1/2 inch of headspace; for best results, use them within three months. Reheat thawed mashed potatoes in the microwave or over low heat in a saucepan with 1 to 2 tablespoons of milk or water, while stirring constantly.
Nutrition and Benefits
A half-cup serving of cooked Yukon Gold contains no fat, cholesterol, or sodium. For a light 70 calories, it provides 3 grams of protein and 2 grams of fiber. Keep in mind, though, that added butter, salt, and other seasonings can quickly escalate the fat and calories. With 32 percent per serving, Yukon Gold delivers more vitamin C than standard baking potatoes and is similarly high in potassium. Eat the nutritious and high-in-fiber skin to capture the greatest benefits.


What are the risks of organ donation following treatment for cocaine toxicity?
Updated: Dec 31, 2020
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If a patient with cocaine toxicity is being considered as an organ donor, remember that cocaine preferentially accumulates in the liver and kidney. Therefore, use of these organs may result in the transplantation of a substantial reservoir of the toxin.
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What Does Co Mean Legally?
Is a CEO an owner?
What does.org stand for?
What does C O mean on property taxes?
Common Abbreviations/Acronyms On Property Tax BillsAbbreviationDescriptionAKAAlso known asATFAs trustee forC/OCare ofCUSTCustodian15 more rows
What is Co in a company?
Co. is an abbreviation for company, a catchall phrase for an association of people working together in a commercial or industrial enterprise, such as in a sole proprietorship, limited liability company or corporation.
What is a co CEO called?
abbreviation for co-chief executive officer: the title given to each of two people who share the job of chief executive in a company: Mr Michaelsen will be chairman and co-CEO in charge of the offshore oil production business.
What is an example of co?
An example of co is cofounder, which a person who partnered with another person to found a company or organization. An example of co is cochair, which is a person who is jointly in charge of something with another.
What US state abbreviation is MI?
What does co mean in states?
US STATEABBREVIATIONColoradoCOConnecticutCTDelawareDEFloridaFL46 more rows
What is C O used for?
When writing a letter, c/o simply means "in care of." It is used when a person receiving a letter does not normally get mail at that address. People commonly use it to send mail to themselves at a different address than usual or to get in touch with someone they do not have an address for.
Does co stand for collection?
is now available in paperback and eBook formats. Make it yours today!…AcronymDefinitionCOCollection OfficerCOClothes OptionalCOChampions Online (game)COConstant Observation (medical care)96 more rows
What are the 50 US states?
The 50 U.S. states, in alphabetical order, along with each state's flag:Alabama.Alaska.Arizona.Arkansas.California.Colorado.Connecticut.Delaware.More items…
Are.CO domains good?
Good for SEO. Perhaps the biggest deterrent for people when it comes to choosing a. CO domain name is the worry it won't rank as well as other TLDs. … co domain has the same potential as TLDs to rank well within search engines and actually offers some additional unique advantages.
What is full form of C O in address?
Using "care of" calls attention to the recipient. When the post office receives an envelope that uses "care of" or C/O, it lets them know the envelope's recipient isn't the typical recipient for the street address the envelope was mailed to.
What does Pub mean in real estate?
public houseA pub, or public house, is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. The term public house first appeared in the late 17th century, and was used to differentiate private houses from those which were, quite literally, open to the public as 'alehouses', 'taverns' and 'inns'.
Whats does CO mean?
care ofOften abbreviated as c/o, "care of" means through someone or by way of someone. This phrase indicates that something is to be delivered to an addressee where they don't normally receive correspondence. In practice, it lets the post office know the recipient is not the normal recipient at that street address.
What does 1br mean?
1BROne Bedroom Community » Housing & AmenitiesRate it:1BR1 Business Radio Community » News & MediaRate it:
What does C O stand for in real estate?
in care of"C/O" means "in care of".


The Northern Ireland High Court in C (A Person under a Disability) v Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland [2020] NIQB 3 has awarded damages of £16,500 for a breach of article 3 in respect of a failure by the police to conduct a proper investigation into the reported rape of a twenty-year-old woman with Asperger's syndrome.
The Claimant was diagnosed with Asperger's when twelve years old and lacked capacity to bring the proceedings in her own right. She alleged that she was raped and that the police failed in a number of respects. These included:
- The police failed to seize any relevant CCTV footage and did not conduct house-to-house inquiries to seek further witnesses;
- No attempt was made to follow up the Claimant's statement that she had left personal belongings in the place where she was raped;
- No attempt was made to retrieve the Claimant's diary, which her mother told the police might contain relevant information;
- There was no follow-up of the Claimant's mother's telling the police that her daughter had received text messages asking her not to proceed with the allegation;
- The police initially failed to take any statements from the people who were with the Claimant on the night of the rape;
- The Claimant was not interviewed until six months after she had been raped;
- The police failed to submit relevant evidence for analysis for over five months;
- The investigating officers had received inadequate training with respect to the investigation of rape relating to a vulnerable adult and were not aware of Achieving Best Evidence Guidelines.
The judge recounted the detailed history of the investigation. Without repeating all of that here, his conclusions were:
- There had been delay in conducting an ABE interview, due the inability of the police to assemble an appropriately credited and experienced team to conduct it. When an issue arose as to the Claimant's wishes to continue with the complaint, an officer should have visited her to ascertain whether she wanted to proceed [61].
- The investigating officer had no specific training in the investigation of serious sexual offences, particularly those involving vulnerable victims. He had no familiarity with policy documents and document on investigating child abuse and rape. The absence of training was a systemic failing [62].
- There were operational failures of a failure to obtain statements, a delay in obtaining statements, a failure to follow up investigative leads, a delay in following up investigative leads, a failure to secure and process evidence, delay in securing and processing evidence, a failure to reassess the overall strategy when it was clear that the interview of the Claimant was going to be delayed and a failure of supervising officers to direct a change in strategy [63].
The judge considered that these encompassed both operational and systemic failings. The operational failings could not be described as minor or insignificant but were serious. They resulted in the Ombudsman recommending misconduct proceedings for two officers, who accepted that they had failed to conduct a thorough investigation. Two more senior officers received advice and guidance for their supervisory failings. The combination of all the failings represented a failure to carry out an effective investigation and undoubtedly constituted a breach of article 3 [92].
The judge further considered that although the police's failures would have caused the Claimant some upset, distress and frustration, the significant and severe psychiatric and psychological deterioration which occurred following the incident would have occurred even had the police conducted the investigation in a flawless manner. In those circumstances, the judge awarded damages of £16,500 including interest.
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Selenite Flower Candle Holder
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A Selenite Flower Candle Holder is fantastic for meditating with on a Full Moon as it not only purifies the space it is within, but it also helps to enhance your intuition in life.
Carved from a solid piece of Selenite, a Selenite Flower Candle Holder is a beautifully carved crystalline piece to adorn your home or sacred space as the tealight that burns within such a piece amplifies the purifying properties of Selenite.
Selenite is known for its purifying properties as its energy washes through a space like a gentle wave which clears out any negative and hindering energies with ease. As it also has a connection to the Moon, using a Selenite Flower Candle Holder during a Full Moon with a specific intention can help what you desire bloom like a beautiful and abundant flower. Meditating on the candle flame that burns within can also enhance the properties of Selenite which helps to enhance intuition and insight.
Each Selenite Candle Holder measures approximately 8cm wide and 4.5cm tall, making it perfect for a mantle or altar space. As each piece is carved from natural crystal, every one is unique and the piece with the highest resonance will be chosen at the time of your order.
Selenite is a form of gypsum that has a milky-white appearance in a crystal that looks much like that of a fibre-optic cable. It forms through gypsum crystals having combined with seawater due to salt flats flooding over millions of years.
In the ways of healing the Body, this crystal helps with flexibility throughout the spine and joints of the body, especially the wrists and ankles.
When it comes to healing the Mind, Selenite helps to illuminate the bigger picture of any situation so that it can be examined without fear and judgement.
As for healing the Soul, it works to purify one's energy field while helping one be open to the Angelic Guidance and Higher forms of communication from the divine.
Selenite is connected to the Lunar Chakra, which is located about three feet above the crown, due to its alignment with the energies of the Moon and the feminine aspects within. Its purifying energy clears out any hindering energies that may try to infiltrate the intuition of the individual as it comes down from the Higher Realms to be made manifest on Earth.
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FortiGate
FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic.
pkungatti_FTNT
Description

This article describes one of the troubleshooting options available in FortiGate CLI to check the traffic flow, by capturing packets reaching the FortiGate unit.
For capturing these packets through GUI, this article here may offer guidance.
However, note that GUI capture has some limitations.

Scope

FortiGate, all FortiOS versions
other Fortinet appliances providing a CLI sniffer : FortiAnalyzer - FortiMail - FortiManager

AlexCFTNT_0-1639400387548.png

Content: Packet sniffer - basics

Basic packet-capture commands
-Example 1: Simple trace
-Example 2: Simple trace

Filter Functionality
-Example 3 : Trace with filters
-uncommon scenarios

Sniffer Basics:

The packet sniffer 'sits' in the FortiGate and can display the traffic on a specific interface or on all interfaces.
There are three different levels of Information, also known as Verbose Levels 1 to 3, where verbose 1 shows less information and verbose 3 shows the most.
Verbose Levels 4, 5 and 6 would additionally provide the interface details

Verbose levels in detail:

1: Print header of packets.
2:print header and data from IP of packets.
3: print header and data from Ethernet of packets.
4: print header of packets with interface name.
5: print header and data from IP of packets with interface name.
6: print header and data from Ethernet of packets with interface name.
This article walks through some examples and different levels of verbosity to show the. different possibilities for debugging.

Basic sniffing command:
All packet sniffing (packet capture) commands start like:

# diag sniffer packet <interface> <'filter'> <verbose> <count> a
<interface> can be an interface name or "any" for all interfaces
<'filter'> is a very powerful filter functionality which will be described in more detail
<verbose> means the level of verbosity as described already
<count> the number of packets the sniffer reads before stopping.
a – timestamps the packets with the absolute UTC time
l - (small letter L) timestamps the packets with LOCAL time on the unit
(blank/no letter) – relative to the beginning of the capture
Note: for parallel captures on multiple interfaces/SSH sessions on Fortigate, please use "a" or "l", do not leave blank

Note: in certain cases, where the unit has the capability and the session can be handled by a dedicated processor, the session is offloaded from kernel, making it impossible to capture these packets. In this case, you can turn off the offloading in the policy that matches the traffic with "set auto-asic-offload disable" for troubleshooting purposes only, and revert to the initial state after the capture.

Example 1: Simple sniffer
Sniff 3 packets of all traffic with verbose Level 4 on wan1 Interface

# diag sniffer packet wan1 none 1 3
interfaces=[wan1]
filters=[none]
0.996031 arp who-has 10.109.19.70 tell 10.109.31.254
1.310085 10.109.16.137.80 -> 172.26.48.21.56361: fin _PHONE_ ack _PHONE_
1.310648 172.26.48.21.56361 -> 10.109.16.137.80: ack _PHONE_

There is an ARP packet and some communication end.
Because the 10.109.16.137 IP Address uses Port 80 (10.109.16.137.80) it is possible to assume that some packets have been caught from a running HTTP session.
The 'none' variable means 'no filter applied', '1' means 'verbose 1' and '3' means 'catch 3 packets and stop'.
Note that there is no timestamp switch at the end, therefore the first packet was received after 0.996031 seconds since the command was issued

Example 2: Simple Trace.

Sniff 3 packets of all traffic with verbose Level 4 on wan1 interface.

# diag sniffer packet wan1 none 4 3
 0.455401 wan1 -- 172.26.48.21.55992 -> 10.109.16.137.80: syn _PHONE_
 0.455490 wan1 -- 10.109.16.137.80 -> 172.26.48.21.55992: syn _PHONE_ ack _PHONE_
 0.456892 wan1 -- 172.26.48.21.55993 -> 10.109.16.137.80: ack 123332141
There is some more interesting information, just when a TCP session was being set up.
172.26.48.21 tries to connect to 10.109.16.137 on Port 80 with a syn and gets a syn ack back.
Finally, the session is acknowledged and established after the 3-way TCP handshake.

With information level set to Verbose 4, additionally summary of Source and Destination IP Address are visible

If there is no <count> value, the Sniffer runs forever until you stop it with <CTRL C>

Hint: For further investigation it's always a good idea to log the SSH output to a file. If Putty is used (a free SSH client for Windows) it is possibke to easily log all output to a file which to search/sort/process.

Verbose 5 and Verbose 6 levels:

Verbose 5 contains much more information
The IP Header as we've already seen in Verbose 4
The Payload of the IP packet itself

An output of Verbose 5 looks like this:

# diag sniffer packet any none 5 1
interfaces=[any]
filters=[none]
0.529129 wan1 in 10.109.19.165.137 -> 10.109.31.255.137: udp 50
0x0000 4500 004e 153b 0000 8011 dce6 0a6d 13a5 E..N.;.......m..
0x0010 0a6d 1fff 0089 0089 003a a7b6 8db5 0110 .m.......:......
0x0020 0001 0000 0000 0000 2045 4745 5046 4346 .........EGEPFCF
0x0030 4545 4a45 4f45 4646 4543 4e46 4145 4443 EEJEOEFFECNFAEDC
0x0040 4143 4143 4143 4143 4100 0020 0001 ACACACACA.....

Notice the in/ out parameter after wan1 interface that will confirm the direction of the packet entering or leaving the interface.

Verbose 6, finally, even includes Ethernet (Ether Frame) Information.
A script is available (fgt2eth.pl), which will convert a captured verbose 6 output, into a file that can be read and decoded by Ethereal/Wireshark. See the end of this article for details.

Use of absolute time stamp in sniffer trace will report the absolute system time (no time zone) in packet summary:

# diag sniffer packet wan1 none 4 2 a
interfaces=[wan1]
filters=[none]
2019-08-16 09:36:02.570320 wan1 -- arp who-has 10.109.16.153 tell 10.109.16.152
2019-08-16 09:36:02.663102 wan1 -- 172.26.48.21.64241 -> 10.109.16.137.80: fin _PHONE_ ack _PHONE_

Hint: Below is the format that Technical Support will usually request when attempting to analyze a problem as it includes full packet content, as well as absolute time stamp, in order to correlate packets with other system events.

# diag sniffer packet any <'filter'> 6 0 a
Filter Functionality:

As already mentioned, diag sniffer includes a powerful filter functionality that will be described here.

FortiOS gives a brief example:

# diag sniffer packet any
<filter> Flexible logical filters for sniffer (or "none").
For example: To print UDP 1812 traffic between forti1 and either forti2 or forti3
'udp and port 1812 and host forti1 and ( forti2 or forti3 )'

If a second host is specified, only the traffic between the 2 hosts will be displayed.

Imagine to capture the traffic from one PC to another PC.
Without a filter the sniffer will display all packets, which is far too much data and quite painful to sort and debug a large file.

Example 3: Trace with Filters:

To see what's going on between two PCs (or a PC and a FortiGate), do not forget the quotes delimiting the filter expressions:

# diag sniffer packet wan1 'src host 10.109.16.137 and dst host 172.26.48.21' 1 3
interfaces=[wan1]
filters=[src host


text:
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Detailed structure and explanatory notes
ISIC Rev.4 code 9412Structure
This class includes:
- activities of organizations whose members' interests centre chiefly on a particular scientific discipline, professional practice or technical field, such as medical associations, legal associations, accounting associations, engineering associations, architects associations etc.
- activities of associations of specialists engaged in cultural activities, such as associations of writers, painters, performers of various kinds, journalists etc.
- dissemination of information, the establishment and supervision of standards of practice, representation before government agencies and public relations of professional organizations
This class also includes:
- activities of learned societies
This class excludes:
- education provided by these organizations, see division 85
Click here for complete correspondences for this code.
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(on this code, this classification, the site in general or any other issue)
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