text:
Dear candidates: We really appreciate the time and effort you put in throughout our selection process. As of today, this position is no longer vacant. If more opportunities come up in the future, we will also post them on Applecensorship.com
An open invitation to open minds.
Come to AppleCensorship, where few individual imaginations gather together to pave the way to a digital world free from censorship. Here, you'll do more than join something — you'll add something.
Job Title: Researcher/Writer (Part-Time)
Date of Joining: May 2021
Duration: 12 months
Reporting to: Campaign and Advocacy Director
The mission of AppleCensorship is to track down and expose occurrences of censorship and arbitrary removals of apps from Apple's App Store. We monitor and report on instances when Apple removes apps from certain country-based app stores, often in compliance with requests from repressive governments. We also advocate for Apple to change their App Store Review Guidelines, which in their current form violate the fundamental human rights of millions of Apple users around the world. Most notably, human rights defenders, journalists, lawyers and activists who operate in China and other repressive environments are most impacted by Apple's arbitrary censorship and compliance with authoritarian governments worldwide. In accordance with the U.N Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, AppleCensorship seeks to encourage Apple to place respect of human rights ahead of its financial interests. AppleCensorship is actively engaging with stakeholders on these issues, including human rights organizations and community members, app developers, and local groups most affected by Apple's harm. AppleCensorship is a project of GreatFire.org, which monitors and challenges internet censorship in China.
The Researcher/Writer (Part-Time) will:
- Write in-depth reports and supervise the editorial and translation processes.
- Produce high quality and varied research for a range of audiences including analysis, report writing and visual presentations.
- Identify and frame research topics to conduct in-depth studies and investigations, using data gathered using AppleCensorship.com's App Store Monitor tool. as well as external sources and materials.
- Conduct online and offline research on censorship of apps by Apple as well as on the impact of the company's processes which lead to such cases of censorship.
- Interview and engage with stakeholders (end-users, developers, human rights organizations, tech specialists, Apple executives, etc.) to collect information.
- Analyze the local context and environment on both macro and micro levels as it relates to censorship by Apple. Conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis on specific apps and cases of confirmed or alleged arbitrary removal of apps and their impact.
- Conduct legal analysis and comparative studies of the legal framework in authoritarian regimes and countries where cases of app censorship have been reported and how this relates to Apple's business practices in these countries.
- Provide recommendations and suggest best practices in order to expand or adjust AppleCensorship's advocacy efforts with the end goal of ending Apple censorship.
- Maintain record of research process, including written log of methods and actions employed, data sourced used, and raw data produced for subsequent analysis.
- Supervise illustration (including data visualization, charts, graphs, tables, pictures, infographics, and diagrams) work throughout the editorial process.
- Assist in report dissemination and the creation of promotional materials, such as press releases, social media posts, and media blurbs…
Qualifications (must have):
- There is no degree requirement for this position. However, we will consider applicants with relevant skills and experience, including those with degrees in political science, International law, or a closely related field. Current Master's or PhD degree seekers are welcome to apply.
- Ability and willingness to work under tight deadlines;
- Familiarity with MS Office applications or Google suite, data analysis;
- Excellent English oral and written communication skills;
Qualifications (nice to have): Specializations in digital mobile industry OR human rights and censorship OR Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) OR International law; Advanced knowledge of iOS and the App Store environment; Advanced knowledge of China is helpful, including Chinese language skills;
Job level: Early Career to Experienced
Contract: Freelance Contract / fixed term contract
Salary: 750 – 1250 $
Application process: Send an email with your resume and cover letter to [email protected]
All applications are handled with utmost care for privacy and security of applicant. For additional security, create a free ProtonMail account before sending your email to us.


text:
|fish counts at columbia river dams||0.44||1||9337||41|
|fish counts on the columbia river dams||1||1||488||58|
|fish counts on columbia river dams||1.52||0.2||9685||54|
|columbia river dams fish counts||0.43||1||2603||15|
|columbia river dams fish ladder counts||0.79||0.3||9110||5|
|columbia river dams fish counts 2021||1.44||0.1||478||62|
|fish counts over columbia river dams||1.77||0.5||924||70|
|fish counts columbia river dams/wanapum||0.27||0.8||2342||43|
On April 1, live fish counting resumes at all 8 Columbia River and Snake River Corps dams with fish ladders: from April through October each year for 16 hours each day, fish counters working at each fish ladder look directly into the fish ladders to count the fish passing by.What is the passage data for Tumwater dam?
Tumwater Dam: Adult passage data for Tumwater Dam is the combination of released counts, referring to fish passed upstream of the dam and allowed to spawn naturally, and collected counts, referring to fish retained for hatchery broodstock.Do the counts include fish that passed through the fishway?
The counts do not include fish that ascended the natural waterfalls or fish that passed through the fishway on non-trapping days. Some unknown-origin fish are recorded during fish counting that occurs as fish are returned directly to the fishway without handling or sampling.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


This TikTok Shows How You Can Walk to Russia From the U.S. — and Cross a 22-hour Time Zone
International travel is a lot simpler than it sounds.
A TikTok user called laubandrew posted a video that explains just how you can actually walk from Alaska to Russia. The explanation is mostly hypothetical, but it's an interesting way to show just how close North America is to the Asian continent.
aerial view of Big and Little Diomede Islands in the Bering Strait between Russia and Alaska
In the video, laubandrew notes the close proximity of two islands in the Bering Strait that mark the division between Russia and the United States. The first island is called Big Diomede, which is 25 miles off the coast of Russia, and the second island is called Little Diomede, which is about 16 miles off the coast of Alaska.
"These islands are only two-and-a-half miles apart," the TikTok user said in the video. "Which means that in the winter when the water freezes, you can walk from the United States in only 20 minutes."
Although, it's probably not recommended to walk to these islands. Although they are in close proximity to each other, the walk isn't quite so solid getting from the mainlands to the islands, especially in the dead of winter. In 1987, long distance swimmer Lynne Cox swam from one island to the other in about two hours, although this was in the middle of August.
But since they are parts of two different countries, the two islands are also in completely different time zones.
"To make matters even crazier, Big Diomede Island is 21 hours ahead of Little Diomede Island, which means that if you were to walk from the United States to Russia, you'd literally be walking into the next day. This is why they call Little Diomede 'Yesterdayland' and Big Diomede 'Tomorrowland,'" said the TikTok user.
Though we're used to seeing the U.S. and Russia on opposite sides of the map, the video certainly points out just how connected nations actually are, regardless of whether this is a practical way to travel or not.
Source: Read Full Article


Tripterygium wilfordii
Tripterygium wilfordii (Thunder God Vine) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine that appears to be effective for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, but has toxicity associated per se and a low therapeutic threshold.
Our evidence-based analysis features 40 unique references to scientific papers.
Research analysis by and verified by the Examine.com Research Team. Last updated on Jun 14, 2018.
How to Take
Recommended dosage, active amounts, other details
It should be noted that this plant has a very low therapeutic index (difference between the effective dose and the toxic dose) and that overdosing is both easy to do and critical; supplementation is usually avoided for this reason.
Scientific Research
Table of Contents:
 1. 1 Sources and Composition
 1. 1.1 Sources
 2. 1.2 Composition
 3. 1.3 Structure
 4. 1.4 Extractions and Formulations
 2. 2 Pharmacology
 1. 2.1 Metabolism
 2. 2.2 Enzymatic Interactions
 3. 3 Inflammation and Immunology
 1. 3.1 Mechanisms
 2. 3.2 Allergies
 3. 3.3 Macrophages
 4. 3.4 T-Cells
 5. 3.5 Interventions
 6. 3.6 Rheumatoid Arthritis
 4. 4 Interactions with Oxidation
 5. 5 Interactions with Organs
 1. 5.1 Liver
 6. 6 Interactions with Cancer
 1. 6.1 Mechanisms
 2. 6.2 Breast
 3. 6.3 Prostate
 4. 6.4 Osteosarcoma
 5. 6.5 Melanoma
 7. 7 Safety and Toxicity
 1. 7.1 Triptolide
 2. 7.2 Celastrol
 3. 7.3 Case Studies
1Sources and Composition
1.1. Sources
Tripterygium wilfordii (of the family Celastraceae) is a chinese herb that is referred to as lei gong teng but more well known as Thunder God Vine.[1] The plant is known as toxic although the root pulp is seen as pharmacologically active against inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and it appears the root extracts have some traditional usage against Rheumatoid Arthritis and (to use diction common to traditional medicine) for 'dispeling wind and eliminating dampness, dredging collaterals and relieving pain, reducing swelling and easing pain'.[2][3] Although the vine being associated with adverse effects even at moderate doses (diarrhea, headache, nausea and infertility), and it has been noted that inadequate processing techniques can lead to vine contamination of root extracts.[1]
Other names that are attributed to this herb beyond 'Thunder God Vine' are yellow vine wood, Gelsemium elegans, vegetable insecticide and red medicine.
Tripterygium wilfordii is a Traditional Chinese Medicine for inflammatory disorders where the root is used, and the vine appears to have toxic properties (despite this medicine sometimes being referred to as Thunder God Vine)
1.2. Composition
 - Celastrol and Triptolide, the main bioactives[1][4]
 - The alkaloids (1.6% total) wilforine (78.3mg/100g), wilforgine (47.5mg/100g), wilfordine (26.5mg/100g) and wilforidine (4mg/100g)[2]
 - Wilforide A
 - Demethylzeylasteral[5]
The main three bioactives (Celastrol and Triptolide for bioactivity, Wilforine as well) are concentrated in ethanolic extracts and can be further concentrated in Ethyl Acetate (EtOAc) extractions.[6] Sodium Carbonate extracts can then be used to concentration Celastrol while Triptolide and Wilforine are left in the ethyl acetate layer.[6]
1.3. Structure
Celastrol itself is a pentacylic triterpenoid but is further classified as a quinone methide triterpene.[1] Two carbons on the structure (C2 and C6, labelled below) demonstrate high susceptibility toward a nucleophilic attack[7] and can form covalent Michael adducts with nucleophilic thiol groups of cysteine residues and underlies many mechanisms of Celastrol with enzymes.[8][9] Reactions with the 'quinine methide' of Celastrol refer to these nucleophilic attacks and subsequent adducts.
Celastrol can work via forming adducts with Cystine groups (involved in the structure of proteins) due to positions on its backbone that are prone to accepting an electron
Triptolide has been synthesized into a prodrug known as PG490-88 which has been patented[10] and is under investigation for anti-cancer effects.[11]
1.4. Extractions and Formulations
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) are made from solid lipids and approximately 50–1000nm in width that serve as drug carriers,[12] and this delivery system has been used in numerous studies as an attempt to mitigate hepatotoxic side effects of Triptolide.[13][14][15][16]
SLNs appears to be a drug delivery formulation which may mitigate some toxicity associated with Thunder God Vine
Sodium Bicarbonate extractions, which appear to concentrate Celastrol at the expense of Triptolide and Wilforine, are associated with a reduced LD50 (median lethal dose) to 1,210mg/kg (95% CI of 1,098–1,322mg/kg) which appears to be slightly safer than Tripterygium Glycosides with an LD50 of 257mg/kg (95% CI of 227-287 mg/kg).[6]
2Pharmacology
2.1. Metabolism
Triptolide is metabolized into four monohydroxylated metabolites in liver microsomes (rat) and three in human liver microsomes, with CYP3A4 playing a major role in metabolism of Triptolide into its metabolites and CYP2C19 playing a lesser role; the one metabolite mediated by CYP2C19 being the metabolite not detectedin human liver microsomes.[11]
2.2. Enzymatic Interactions
Demethylzeylasteral is able to inhibit UGT1A6 (Ki 0.6μM; IC50 15.2+/-0.6μM) and UGT2B7 (Ki 17.3μM; IC50 62.5+/-1.6μM) via competitive inhibition, with 100μM of the molecule reducing the activity of UGT1A6 and UGT2B7 to 0.8+/-0.1% and 14.8+/-1.1% of baseline value (with a third isoform, UGT1A9, being reduced to 61.3+/-5.6%).[5]
3Inflammation and Immunology
3.1. Mechanisms
IKKα and IKKβ are both inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in vivo following Celastrol administration, and it appears Celastrol targets the Cys-179 residue via its quinine methide (reducing the quinine methide to form Dihydrocelastrol abolishes this effect).[8] This binding prevents degradation of IκBα and subsequently inhibits NF-kB activity (as IκBα is a suppressor of NF-kB) but as Celastrol does not inhibit ReIA-induced NF-kB activity the inhibitory effects appear to be solely downstream of IKKβ (although this inhibition blocks LPS, PMA, and TNF-α induced NF-kB activity which is via IKKs).[8] There may not be a direct inhibition of IKKα in a similar manner, but inhibition of TAK1 (which positively regulates IKKs and inhibition of TAK1 resulting in suppression of IKKS) has been noted with Celastrol,[17][18] and inhibition of an HSP90-Cdc37 complex[9] appears to also influence IKKs and may be a novel regulator.[19]
At least one study in prostatic cancer cells noted that inhibition of chymotrypsin-like proteosomal activity caused an increase in IκBα,[7] the accumulation of which could also suppress NF-kB activity.[1] Induction of HSP70, noted due to possibly lowering the activation requirements of its promoter, has been noted with Celastrol;[20] HSP70 can reduce the association of NEMO to IKK, NEMO being a protein that associates with IKKs (IKKα-IKKβ-NEMO complex) and works with HSP-Cdc37 to induce IKK activation.[21]
Indirect inhibitor of NF-kB secondary to IKKβ inhibition, and may inhibit the IKK complex via (a lot of) indirect means beyond direct inhibition of IKKβ. Appears to be effective at very low concentrations
No influence on AP-1 binding is noted.[8]
3.2. Allergies
Celastrol can bind to ERK proteins and prevent association with FcεRI receptors, which are expressed on mast cells and mediate anti-allergic responses.[22


or Connect
AVS › AVS Forum › Display Devices › Screens › Reflected Light
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Reflected Light
post #1 of 4
Thread Starter
This may be an elementary question but if I'm getting about 10 foot lamberts of light from my projector and I'm using a 1.8 gain screen should I get approximately 18 foot lamberts of reflected light from the screen?
post #2 of 4
Thread Starter
post #3 of 4
Yes, your math is correct. That is exactly how a screen's "gain" works. A Unity gain screen is 1.0, i.e. it returns exactly the same FtL back that strikes it.
How does a higher gain screen "do it"? By redirectly most of the light energy back within a smaller angle of reflectance, effectively concentrating the light output for that given viewing angle range.
- Tom C
post #4 of 4
The correct formula for calculating screen luminance (in foot-lamberts) is: (projectors light output (in ansi lumens) x screen gain) / screen sq ft.. You can work this formula back and forward to derive you desired screen luminance. Once you know the projectors light output, you can play with screen size and gain to reach the desired number. Somewhere between 10-16 foot-lamberts would match the light output at the theater (they measure 16 with the gate open and no film, it ends up being about 12foot lamberts during the film presentation). You may want a higher number if you have poor control of ambient light. To get higher screen luminance:
-higher gain screen (trade offs can be numerous)
-smaller screen
-brighter projector
Don O
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text: The resolution of ambiguous pronouns is influenced by the preceding linguistic discourse. This raises the question whether the processing of an object pronoun is also influenced by the preceding sentential subject. In an experiment with Dutch adults, we recorded pupil dilation as a measure of the cognitive effort involved in resolving pronominal versus full noun phrase (NP) subjects and pronominal versus reflexive objects. Our results indicate that more effort is needed to resolve a pronominal subject or object compared to a less ambiguous full NP subject or reflexive object. These results support the hypothesis that the ambiguity of a referring expression influences processing. Contrary to our expectations, no evidence was found that the form of the subject influences the processing of a subsequent pronominal object. We conclude that pupillary responses reflect ambiguity resolution in pronoun processing, and that the process to resolve pronouns commences as soon as the pronoun is encountered.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Definition of discus in English:
noun (plural discuses)
1A heavy thick-centred disc thrown by an athlete, in ancient Greek games or in modern field events.
- As far as performance goes, athletes are throwing the discus more than two times farther than the Greeks did, but records aren't falling as steadily as they used to.
- Now allegedly just as the discus left the athlete's hand, a sort of gale arose and blew it many more metres than was expected.
- Their goal was to empower them to run faster, jump higher, throw the discus and javelin farther, lift heavier weights, and excel in all power events.
2A small colourful South American freshwater fish with a rounded laterally compressed body, native to South America and popular in aquariums.
- Genus Symphysodon, family Cichlidae: several species
- Freshwater angelfish have extended dorsal and anal fins and discus fishes, have compressed, disc-like bodies.
- Don't place your discus aquarium near a door as all the movement will cause them stress.
- It has been said that the male discus fish will tend to have a less intense color and more pattern while the female tends to be more colorful but with lesser pattern.
Via Latin from Greek diskos.
Words that rhyme with discushibiscus, meniscus, viscous
Definition of discus in:
- US English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


0
I have always written my if statements like this when I want the negative condition to enter me into the if block.
Example 1
if(condition == false){}
However, we just hired a new senior on the team that insists we should refactor to
Example 2
if(!condition){}
and use that moving forward.
I find example #1 to be easier to reason especially when checking a nested property.
e.g. if(person.name.middle.hasValue == false){}
Question What example is better to practice? or is there a better practice than either example?
Edit Scope please limit answers to Negative conditions only. of course if(condition == true){} is worst than if(condition){} Because the == true is redundent for the true case but not the false case.
 - 1
 "if(condition == false)" is obviously redundant and not necessary. Your senior is right about refactoring that. I also don't see how nesting would make a difference here. – πάντα ῥεῖ Feb 18 at 19:47
 - 1
 @πάνταῥεῖ It's not redundant. condition == true is redundant, but == false is the same as ! - if you leave it out, you'll get wrong behaviour. – R. Schmitz Feb 18 at 19:50
 - 9
 Readability is King, which is why, like many things in software development, there's no absolute answer to this question. As a general rule, however, any reasonably proficient C# developer will see if(!person.name.middle.hasValue) exactly for what it is. If your find that hard to read, the better solution is to eliminate some of the dots, not tack = false onto the end of it. – Robert Harvey Feb 18 at 19:51
 - 1
 @WizardHammer, no try !person.hasMiddleName? - introduce new method/property in Person class to encapsulate child members. – Fabio Feb 18 at 20:24
 - 2
 @πάνταῥεῖ The word you are looking for is equivalent (which means that ! and == false are interchangeable), not redundant (which would mean that condition == false and condition are exactly the same) – Flater Feb 18 at 20:32
2
This is not a question where you will get a direct answer, because both work. Most people will tell you it's a matter of taste. My personal opinion is: Don't lose sight of the end goal readability.
My Favourite in a Perfect World
I prefer to write code that's "small and easy"; simple statements that are rather short. I prefer to use ! in that code:
if(!IsReadable) SkipWord();
Reality
At work we have a legacy project which - diplomatically said - is written in a way I personally don't prefer. Using == false makes it more readable. Imagine something like
if(word.IsReadable && sentence.HasSubclause && customer.HasAlreadyChosen == false
 || word.IsReadable == false && order.IsCompleted)
It can go on longer, but I'm gonna stop here. Don't pay much notice to how you could recombine the statements - the point is it's a lot of stuff, a lot of "noise" and it would be easier to accidentally ignore a tiny ! in there.
Best would be to make the code overall more readable, but if a tool (resharper etc) can apply one of the styles throughout the codebase automatically, this is a way to prevent a whole bunch of bugs.
In Summary
In my opinion: Use ! if your code is clean enough that it still stands out.
And, probably obvious, but whichever one you end up using, never do condition == true.
And finally, mostly you'll work in a team and will have to use what the team agrees on, even if it would be an obviously worse decision.
| improve this answer | |
 - 1
 if (!IsReadable) - If not is readable ;) – Fabio Feb 19 at 2:47
4
Personally, I prefer if (condition) or if (!condition) to if (condition == true) or if (condition == false) or worse, if (condition != true), because the latter three look like someone did not fully understand how if- (and other) conditions work.
Beginners often think that there must be some kind of comparison in an if-statement; however, this is not the case. What these kind of statements (if, where etc.) require, is a Boolean expression. I.e., an expression yielding either true or false. expr == true yields true when expr yields true, and false when expr yields false. So, the == true part doesn't change the result of the expression. It's like writing int y = x * 1; instead of just int y = x;.
condition == false makes more sense than condition == true, but still smells like the latter.
| improve this answer | |
 - 1
 "Looks like someone didn't fully understand" is not the reason you avoid it. – Robert Harvey Feb 18 at 19:54
 - 1
 It's my reason. But of course, both variants are correct. – Olivier Jacot-Descombes Feb 18 at 19:58
0
Another opinion - use right tool for the job - take one from both options.
For true condition if (approved) { callMe }
For false condition if (approved == false) { callMe }
The reason for using approved == false for is false condition only because it clearly stands out in comparing with true condition if (approved).
But because the way we read code is different for different people and teams, use the way your team use. If you don't like team's approach - try to convince team to change their approach, if you can not change team's approach - change a team :)
| improve this answer | |
 - Thank is not a thought that I had yet. if (!approved) { callMe } would be easier to mistake for if (approved) { callMe } then (approved == false) { callMe }. – Luke Hammer Feb 18 at 20:25
0
In my opinion, if using if (!condition) is any less readable than if (condition == false) then you have other problems with your conditional statement which you should work to resolve.
The ! negation option also cuts down on visual clutter. Extra == false comparisons in the conditional increases the number of tokens you need to visually process, especially in more complex conditionals.
if (!isFeatureEnabled || (!isUserAuthorized && !isTestMode))
// --- rather than ---
if (isFeatureEnabled == false || (isUserAuthorized == false && isTestMode == false))
// ::: possible refactor :::
if (!isFeatureEnabled || !(isUserAuthorized || isTestMode))
// --- rather than ---
if (!isFeatureEnabled || ((isUserAuthorized || isTestMode) == false))
// ::: other possible refactor :::
boolean isUserAuthorizedOrTestMode = isUserAuthorized || isTestMode;
if (!isFeatureEnabled || !isUserAuthorizedOrTestMode)
// --- rather than ---
if (isFeatureEnabled == false || isUserAuthorizedOrTestMode == false)
For all these options I like those with ! negation more. Yes, this example is pretty contrived but I could definitely see conditionals like this existing in real code.
Another note: I read my conditionals from left to right with ! read as "not", which in my opinion, combined with good variable names, makes the conditionals easier to verbalize and conceptualize than == false read as "is false".
| improve this answer | |
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.


text:
E. Cobham Brewer _PHONE_. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898.
Os Sacrum. (See LUZ.)
A triangular bone situate at the lower part of the vertebral column, of which it is a continuation. Some say that this bone was so called because it was in the part used in sacrifice, or the sacred part; Dr. Nash says it is so called because it is much bigger than any of the vertebræ; but the Jewish rabbins say the bone is called sacred because it resists decay, and will be the germ of the new body at the resurrection. (Hudibras, part iii. canto 2.)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Plan Your Three Peaks Challenge…
The key to a successful Three Peaks Challenge is pre-planning, and that's where we're here to help!
On our website you'll find all the resources and information you'll need to plan everything from route choice to rubbish disposal!
So why are we providing all this super useful information and advice? The Three Peaks Partnership is made up of the organisations and charities responsible for managing the three mountains on which the Challenge takes place. Up to 30-40,000 people take part in the Challenge every year and unfortunately in recent years poorly planned groups have had a huge negative impact on these mountains.
Don't be part of this unpopular minority!
LATEST FROM THE BLOG
For the first time in 113 years Ben Nevis has a weather station. The station is part of the National Centre for Atmospheric Science's (NCAS) "Operation Weather Rescue". This recent citizen science project aimed to digitise all the raw weather observations from the observatory which once stood on the summit of Ben Nevis. Between the _PHONE_ weather data was collected every hour of every day resulting in endless spread sheets of figures.
In the summer of 1881, Clement Lindley Wragge climbed the mountain daily to make initial observations, leading to the opening on 17 October 1883 of a permanent observatory. The building was manned full-time until 1904, when it was closed due to inadequate government funding. The twenty years of readings still provide the most comprehensive set of data on mountain weather in Great Britain.
The Ben Nevis weather observatory.
With the present day weather station it will be possible to compare the data from over 100 years ago. The old information is still useful because it can shed light on past storms in the Scottish Highlands as well as providing ongoing insights into how weather systems evolve as they pass over Scotland's largest mountains.
It is planned that the weather station will be removed in December and the results will be presented in the UKCP18 report which will detail projections of how the UK climate could change. Although temporary, NCAS hope to secure long term funding to place a permanent weather station on the summit of Ben Nevis.
The temporary weather station currently on Ben Nevis.
Would you like to see a permanent weather station on Ben Nevis? Comment with your views below.


text: ISTE STUDENTS CHAPTER ACTIVITY Poornima College of Engineering under ISTE student chapter activity organized "TREE PLANTATION AND ESSAY WRITING COMPETITION" on 20th September, 2014. The activity of tree plantation proved to be very fruitful in two ways i) the students got awareness towards the environment and ii) they came to know the importance of trees in their life. In this activity more than 50 plants of fruits and flowers were planted with the motto to make our mother earth and environment more beautiful and a pleasant place to live in. Mrs. Renu Singhi, Advisor P.A.A. and Dr. Om Prakash Sharma, Director PCE appreciated and motivated students. They communicated the students about the relevance and importance of plant to save environment. The topic of the Essay Writing competition was "HOW COULD INDIA BECOME GREEN AND CLEAN". The essence of the essays received truly shows the keenness of the disciples towards our INDIA. The top three rankers of the competition were awarded with the cash prizes. Other participants were also motivated by Dr. Om Prakash Sharma for indulging more efforts to work well in future. Dr. Bina Rani and Ms. Megha Modani, Advisors of ISTE coordinated the whole event.


dcsimg
April 26, 2015
Hot Topics:
Creating a Custom ACL in PHP
 - April 11, 2012
 - By Voja Janjic
 - Send Email »
 - More Articles »
An ACL (access control list) is a list that controls object permissions, determining which user can execute a certain task. It can be further extended to contain not only users, but also user groups. This is an important aspect of PHP security and is used in virtually all medium- and large-sized applications.
So, what are the advantages of an ACL model? The first advantage is security. Using this model will make your application more secure and less vulnerable to exploits. When securing any program, it is good to give to the user only the privileges he/she needs. That means that, for example, you should not give super administrator privileges to someone who will only manage website content. The ACL security model allows you to do just that. The second advantage is the easiness of user management. You can divide users into groups, while each group has certain access permissions. Also, you can easily add new user groups, delete the old ones or change group permissions.
Let's see how an ACL model works in practice. I will explain how to implement an access control list in PHP and MySQL. First, we have to create tables and their relations for users, user groups and their permissions:
CREATE TABLE users (
userid INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
group_id INT(10) NOT NULL,
username VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
reg_date INT(10),
PRIMARY KEY(userid)
);
CREATE TABLE usergroups (
group_id INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
group_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(group_id)
);
CREATE TABLE user_permissions (
pid INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
permission_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
permission_type INT(1),
userid INT(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (pid)
);
CREATE TABLE group_permissions (
pid INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
permission_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
permission_type INT(1),
group_id INT(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (pid)
);
The permissions tables are the most important here, as they represent a relationship between objects (users) and actions in the application. Have in mind that there are ACL security models with group permissions only. But I wanted to create a very flexible ACL, so I created both types of permissions. Now that we have the basis of this model, we need to program the dynamic part of it in PHP.
Object-oriented ACL in PHP
Before I write the code, let's mention some tips on creating a PHP object-oriented ACL. Object-oriented programming (OOP) allows you to write code more efficiently, re-using it as much as possible, while offering much better organization for the application. Regarding the ACL OOP, create your ACL as a PHP class. Use a plug-in system, or have a page which you would include in every PHP page. Also, create a class that will handle form inputs and execute ACL code upon submit. The same should be done for all AJAX requests.
So, let's create the ACL class:
<?php
Class Acl {
private $db;
//initialize the database object here
function __construct() {
$this->db = new db;
}
function check($permission,$userid,$group_id) {
//we check the user permissions first
}
}
?>
This is the class layout. The database object is initialized upon initializing the ACL class, as we have to check permissions in the database. The function check() will check the permissions and return true if the user is allowed to execute that action, or error if not allowed. Note that user permissions will be checked first, because they override group permissions. If there is no specific user permission, then we continue with checking group permissions. Also, $db is the database object, and you can use any database management class for this purpose. Look at the PHP code that checks user and group permissions:
<?php
Class Acl {
private $db;
private $user_empty = false;
//initialize the database object here
function __construct() {
$this->db = new db;
}
function check($permission,$userid,$group_id) {
//we check the user permissions first
If(!$this->user_permissions($permission,$userid)) {
return false;
}
if(!$this->group_permissions($permission,$group_id) & $this->IsUserEmpty()) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
function user_permissions($permission,$userid) {
$this->db->q("SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM user_permissions WHERE permission_name='$permission' AND userid='$userid' ");
$f = $this->db->f();
If($f['count']>0) {
$this->db->q("SELECT * FROM user_permissions WHERE permission_name='$permission' AND userid='$userid' ");
$f = $this->db->f();
If($f['permission_type']==0) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
$this->setUserEmpty('true');
return true;
}
function group_permissions($permission,$group_id) {
$this->db->q("SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM group_permissions WHERE permission_name='$permission' AND group_id='$group_id' ");
$f = $this->db->f();
if($f['count']>0) {
$this->db->q("SELECT * FROM group_permissions WHERE permission_name='$permission' AND group_id='$group_id' ");
$f = $this->db->f();
If($f['permission_type']==0) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
return true;
}
function setUserEmpty($val) {
$this->userEmpty = $val;
}
function isUserEmpty() {
return $this->userEmpty;
}
}
?>
Tags: PHP, security
Originally published on _URL_.
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text:
Wondering about the number of letters in Belarusian and Bengali alphabets? When you compare Belarusian vs Bengali alphabets you will understand the number of alphabets in both the languages. Because lesser the number of alphabets, faster the language to learn, find all the Easiest Languages to Learn. Belarusian and Bengali Alphabets are collection of symbols or letters used for writing. Belarusian alphabets contain 48 letters and Bengali Alphabets contain 51 letters. The writing direction of Belarusian is Not Available whereas the writing direction of Bengali is Left-To-Right, Horizontal. Belarusian and Bengali Alphabets are the basics of Belarusian and Bengali languages. Check the detailed comparison of Belarusian and Bengali.
Compare Belarusian and Bengali alphabets and find out scripts used by Belarusian and Bengali language. Belarusian and Bengali scripts are the methodology and rules for writing. Scripts used by Belarusian and Bengali languages are Cyrillic and Bengali, Brahmic family and derivatives respectively. After learning alphabets in Belarusian and Bengali you can also learn useful Belarusian greetings vs Bengali greetings.
If you are comparing Belarusian and Bengali alphabets then you need to find out Belarusian vowels vs Bengali vowels too. The number of vowels and consonants in Belarusian are 6 and 39 and number of vowels and consonants in Bengali are 11 and 40. Language codes are unique and are two or three letter codes assigned to each language. Check out all the language codes of Belarusian and Bengali language codes.
Is Belarusian harder than Bengali? No language is hard or easy to learn as it depends on individual interest and efforts for learning that language. When you decide to learn any language, you need to find out time required to learn that language and levels in that language. As mentioned above, while comparing Belarusian and Bengali Alphabets the number of alphabets in any language decides hardness in learning that language.
It's important to know Belarusian and Bengali alphabets because for learning these languages, alphabets are the starting point. There are no levels in Belarusian language. And time taken to learn Belarusian language is Not Available. While the levels in Bengali language are 2. And time taken to learn Bengali language is 44 weeks.
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Elizabeth Colorado Community Information
The town of Elizabeth Colorado began in 1855 as a saw mill camp operated by the Weber Brothers along the bank of Running Creek. A few years later, in 1858, gold was discovered in the creek. There was a gold rush, but the quality and quantity of the gold never lead to a boom. However, settlers did steadily move in, to work the land. After the original camp site was flooded, the town was moved to its present location.
Today, Elizabeth Colorado means small town, horse properties, pine trees and wide open prairies. Properties can range in price from the low $200,000 up to multi-million dollar agricultural properties. Real estate values tend to stay fairly level although proximity to Denver tends to increase value.


Local BBC Sites
Tell your History of the World
A History of the World BBC
Your objects can help tell A History of the World
A brand new collaboration between the BBC and the British Museum began on Monday 18th January.
The idea is to create a digital museum, and the project is called A History of the World.
As well as telling the stories behind 10 objects chosen from museum collections around the county, BBC Radio York will also be telling the stories behind your objects. We'd like you to get in touch and include the following information:
 - A brief description of your object and the story behind it and ideally attach a picture of it
 - Your contact details (name, phone number and email address)
 - Email us: _EMAIL_
York and North Yorkshire's 'top ten' objects
Museums in York and North Yorkshire have chosen objects from their collections to tell the history and story of North Yorkshire, for A History of the World.
Halifax Bomber, Yorkshire Air Museum
As long as it's man-made and tells a story any object can be included
They include an Egyptian mask of the god Anubis dating from around 500 BC, from the amazing collection of the Kent family from Harrogate, and the only complete Halifax bomber from World War II which is the result of a huge restoration project.
Find out about all 10 of York and North Yorkshire's objects here.
Your object must be man-made and should tell a story about history, people and places - something that could tell future generations about North Yorkshire and its connections with the rest of the world.
You can also submit your objects to the central History of the World website where they could become part of the digital museum.
Please tell BBC York & North Yorkshire about them too by emailing us.
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The Progressive Economics Forum
Re-defining (Un)Employment Insurance
Several key changes to Employment Insurance came into effect on Sunday. Â The EI program is about to get Grinch-ier, especially for who happen to have needed it more than once.
What Changed
Some of the changes made are reasonable, some are technical, and some are misguided. Â Together, these changes go some way toward redefining what employment insurance is all about, and changing how Canadians think about employment insurance.
Here is a run down of changes that came into effect on Sunday:
 1. The creation of three categories of EI users – frequent, occasional, and long-tenured. Â The definition of suitable employment that applies to an individual claimant will vary depending on their category and the length that they have been on claim. Â HRSDC & Minister Finley assert that this confusing and clunky categorization will in no way increase errors or appeals (I, myself, amÂ sceptical).
 2. The definition of reasonable job search. Â Mostly clarification, and mostly reasonable.
 3. The definition of suitable employment. Focused on a quick return to work, and emphasizing that no one will be financially worse off working than they were while they were on claim. Â Forces claimants to accept wages between 70% and 90% of their previous earnings. Â Good news: Higher travel or childcare costs will be taken into account when determining if someone is better off in a given job situation. Â Bad news: This is an incredibly short sighted view of 'better off'. Â The purpose of EI is to allow for better job market matches, not faster job market matches.
 4. Job alerts system. Â Sends targeted emails to claimants based on Postal Code. Â A good idea, but it falls into "it's the least you could do" category. Â Only works for those with access to the internet.
EI Myths & Facts
Discussion of these changes invariably bumps into one or more common EI myths. Â In fact, getting support for these changes requires voters to buy into the following myths.
 1. Myth: Employment Insurance is taxpayer funded. Â It is paid for entirely by employers and employees. Â The government stole $56 billion, but they don't pay back into it. Â So there are no savings to government coffers from changes to EI. Â To qualify for EI, you have to have paid into it.
 2. Myth: Employment Insurance prevents people from leaving Atlantic Canada. Anyone who thinks this has never been on a flight from St. John's or Halifax heading west. Â Since 2008, over 7,000 (net) Canadians left the Maritimes for other Canadian provinces. Â During the same time period, over 55,000 (net) Canadians moved to Saskatchewan and Alberta from another province. (CANSIM _PHONE_) Â This doesn't include those who commute incredibly long distances to get work in the oil patch.
 3. Myth: Seasonal workers are lazy fishermen. Â Many seasonal workers are highly skilled, and some of these skills even transfer between seasons (think heavy machinery drivers that plow snow in the winter, and dig basements in the summer). Â But the fact that their employment is seasonal makes it more precarious, and more likely that on any given change of season there simply won't be enough work to go around.
 4. Myth: Claimants will always be better off working under these changes. Â This is more the official line than a myth, but it's wrong nonetheless. Â As I already noted, the purpose of EI is to allow forÂ betterÂ job market matches, notÂ fasterÂ job market matches. Â A parent who is eight weeks into their claim, and is presented with an evening job at 80% of their previous wage would be better off continuing to look for a job that paid higher wages and allowed them time with their child in the evenings.
There are some other EI Facts, that help make sense of why these changes are misguided.
 1. Fact: EI is not terribly generous in the first place.Â Â Claimants receive up to 55% of their average weekly income, up to a maximum of $485 / week. The average payment is around $370 / week.
 2. Fact: There are over 5 unemployed Canadians for every job vacancy in Canada. News reports of labour shortages are grosslyÂ exaggerated. Â Where they do exist, the solution is often more spots for training and apprentices, and maybe (gasp) higher wages.
 3. Fact: Most jobs created since the recession have been temporary. A rise in precarious employment will mean a rise in the number of unemployed without access to Employment Insurance, even without these changes. Â These changes will increase the tendency toward precarious employment, as people are encouraged to take 'bad jobs'.
What the Changes Mean
The previous definition of 'suitable employment' in the Employment Insurance Act had the clear intent of ensuring that Â unemployed workers did not unduly impact wages and working conditions for the broader labour market. Â The system was set up to ensure that claimants had time to assess their labour market situation, determine if they needed to switch fields, get training, or move.
The new hurry-up approach to EI will act to lower wages, lower productivity, and threaten seasonal businesses.
Combined with other changes announced in the last budget, such as the consolidation of EI, CPP, and OAS appeals into one Social Security Tribunal, these new regulations are depressing start to the New Year for unemployed workers. Â At least the Grinch eventually had a change of heart.
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text:
Grounding Knowledge: Environmental Philosophy, Epistemology, and Place
cloth, 161 p., $34.95
According to ancient Greek philosophers, the study or the theory of the basis of knowledge was completely separate from external influences. In this scholarly book, philosopher Christopher Preston traces the evolving history of this traditional approach to truth and describes its challenges over the years. He also adds to the arguments, contending that man's thought processes can not be separated from his physical environment in the exploration of the relationship of social and cultural factors that influence mental activity. His thesis is that there are situated accounts of knowledge, such that, for example, a particular physical environment will affect theory. He concludes that mankind must protect a full range of environments in their natural condition in order to provide a complete grounding to knowledge.
Despite the fact that it is a bit of a slog through various philosophers' theories, readers will be rewarded with an epistemic reason for the protection of natural habitats.
— Marilyn K. Alaimo, garden writer and volunteer, Chicago Botanic Garden
- enjoy your visit
- at the garden
- your garden
- support us


text:
Kerala is famous for its various martial arts. Some of them include Kalaripayattu, Parisa Kali, Velakanni, Valeru, Kunderu and Njaninmel Kali.
Kalaripayattu is the best and most scientific martial arts in the world. The meaning of the term Kalaripayattu is the fighting art of the Kalari. This fighting is one part of the ayurvedic physical treatment in Kerala called the Kalarichikitsa. The origin and introduction of Kalaripayattu is still unknown and it was considered to be emerged from the old traditions of South Kerala. It was also influenced by the north Indian martial traditions. The present form of Kalari has existed since around 1500 years back. It is a combination of art forms from both North and South Kerala. It is believed that in 350 A.D. this martial art was carried away across the Himalayas by a Buddhist monk named Bodhi Dharma to give rise to another art named Chinese Kung Fu.
Kalari means battlefield and the in charge of Kalari was given to the Nayakanmar. They were later came to be called as the Nayars. In each region they are called by various names like Kurup, Nambiyar, Panicker etc. The Nayar will be in charge of a kalari or several kalaris and they are responsible for training the people in kalaripayattu. Such a person is called as Gurukkal which means master. In the olden times, Kalaris were established in Nayar homes. The Sanskrit word Khaloorika means a place where weapon training is done. It is believed that the word Kalari has originated from this Sanskrit word. And so the method of training in combats and weapon fights came to be called as Kalaripayattu.
Kalari was a place where subjects related to medicine, philosophy, astrology, geometry, yoga etc were taught. In Kalaripayattu, yoga is required for exercise and ayurveda is needed for medical treatments. The training starts with whole body oil massage until the body becomes supple. Steps such as ottam, chattam, marichil etc are then taught. Then the students are taught to handle various weapons and also to fight with hand. Some of the weapons include knives, bow and arrow, sword, stick, long and flexible spring like sword called urumi etc. It requires special skills such as concentration and attention. It is at the same time dangerous to learn using weapons. It is said that in order to become a Guru or master one has to pass seven levels. Those who learn Kalaripayattu can get rid of any physical problems. A guideline to be followed while studying kalaripayattu is that after the completion of the course, the person should take oil massage and practice the studied feats at least once in a year for keeping them in correct shape.
The two main forms of Kalaripayattu are the Vadakkan form which is the Northern style and the Thekkan form which is the Southern style. There is difference in these both forms in the style and the movements. The three maim types of Vadakkan kalari are Arappukkai, Pillattaanni and Vatteel tirippu. They gained widespread publicity. The thekkan style of kalari was more important and it is believed that Sage Agastya was the guru of this style. Even then the usage of various weapons and the style of performance made Vadakkan style more famous.
The two types of Kalari are the Cherukalari and Ankakalari. Cherukalari is called as Kuzhikalari in which the term kuzhi means pit or small areas formed by caving the earth. In Kuzhikalari, the floor of the kalari is lowered by removing the soil. The surrounding area is higher when compared to this kalari. This type of kalari is built for physical as well as weapon training. Ankakalari is the kalari that is constructed temporarily for fighting purposes. This is set up in areas where the audience can also come and watch the fight. A raised platform called Ankathattu is constructed for the person to perform kalaripayattu.
The main steps involved while training Kalaripayattu are
The main aim of this step is to attain flexibility and agility to the body. In this process the learner learns how to jump, twists and the various other body movements.
In this step, the learner learns to fight using sticks.
After attaining excellent skills in stick fighting, the person learns to use metal weapons such as knives, shields and swords.
This is the last step in Kalaripayattu learning where the student is taught how to fights without any weapons. They have to fight with bare hands. This involves wrestling, attack and defense.
Along with fighting techniques the trainer also teaches subjects relating to Ayurveda and also various healing techniques using herbs. It is necessary because the student must be able to heal himself in case of any ailments before preparing for a competition. So they are taught how to heal any wounds.
Kalaripayattu has its root in the vedic culture. This art form is considered as the most comprehensive because it involves Physical training, self defensive techniques with and without the use of weapons, treatment using the ayurvedic principles and a philosophy based on India's vedic culture. All these features make it distinct from the rest of the martial art forms.
There are many training centres where Kalaripayattu is taught. Some of the important centres are at Ettumanoor, Kanjirappally, Pala, Thiruvananthapuram, etc. At present many are engaged in studying kalaripayattu mainly for demonstration purpose and also for fitness. In olden times, any disputes in Kerala during the rule of the kings were settled in battle or betting in martial arts competitions. The warriors of Kerala were skilled in Kalaripayattu and any conflicts can be settled by the match of Kalaripayattu.


text:
Why are they called the Orangemen?
1890s: The Orioles of Syracuse With their official color of orange, the first Syracuse University football teams in the 1890s were called "The Orioles." Somehow, it flew the coop, along with Hillmen, Bill Orange's Men and, now, Orangemen.
Was Syracuse ever called the Orangemen?
Until 2013, Syracuse was a member of the Big East Conference. The school's mascot is Otto the Orange. Until 2004, the teams were known as the Orangemen and Orangewomen. The men's basketball, football, wrestling, men's lacrosse, and women's basketball teams play in the Carrier Dome.
What is the nickname of Syracuse?
What was the original Syracuse mascot?
Otto the OrangeSyracuse University / MascotOtto the Orange is the mascot for the Syracuse Orange, the athletic teams of Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, USA. Otto is an anthropomorphism of the citrus fruit, wearing a large blue hat and blue pants. Otto can often be seen at Syracuse sporting events in the Carrier Dome and other venues. Wikipedia
Why did Syracuse change from Orangemen to Orange?
Syracuse officials made the switch from Orangemen to Orange in 2004 after two years of consulting with Nike regarding the school's desire to re-brand its athletic teams. Syracuse went Orange in 1890, becoming the first university to adopt only one official color.
How did Syracuse become the Orangemen?
After a winning athletics meet with Hamilton College, Syracuse students wanted colors as bold as they were. They considered orange, with blue as a secondary color, but orange alone was not claimed by any other school, and thus, was Syracuse's for the taking.
Why did Syracuse change from Orangemen?
Orange – Syracuse used to be known as the Orangemen prior to a Nike-led change in 2004. Syracuse officials made the switch from Orangemen to Orange in 2004 after two years of consulting with Nike regarding the school's desire to re-brand its athletic teams.
Why is Otto the Orange?
For more than 40 years, Syracuse University students have been suiting up as official mascot Otto the Orange. Those selected for the mascot team have the honor of spreading spirit and joy throughout the community—from "airplaning" in the stadium, to delighting local schoolchildren, to scootering across campus.
Is Syracuse a Protestant school?
Syracuse University (informally 'Cuse or SU) is a private research university in Syracuse, New York. Established in 1870 with roots in the Methodist Episcopal Church, the university has been nonsectarian since 1920.
When did Syracuse become Orangemen?
Syracuse went Orange in 1890, becoming the first university to adopt only one official color.
How old is Otto the Orange?
The earliest Otto The first orange mascot made his debut in 1980. The brown leggings were not the only major difference to the mascot of today. The original Otto was originally named Clyde, the name chosen by brothers of the Lambda Chi Alpha, who had portrayed Syracuse's mascot for over 40 years.
Should we go back to being the Orangemen?
While you will certainly see some folks still refer to us as the Orangemen from time to time like an old reflex, being the Orange is pretty much a part of who we are now. It's a bit like being in the ACC. You might like the idea of going back to the Big East, but, there is no Big East to go back to. Not really.
Why do Orangemen wear orange?
Orangemen. Its name is taken from the family name of King William III of England, who defeated King James II in the battle of the Boyne in 1690. July 12, the anniversary of this victory, is the principal holiday of the order, on which the members wear orange-colored flowers and orange sashes and march in parades;
What is an Orangeman or orangewoman?
Look up Orangeman, Orangemen, Orangewoman, or Orangewomen in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Orangemen or Orangewomen can refer to: Members of the modern Orange Order (also known as Orange Institution), a Protestant fraternal organisation Members or supporters of the Armagh GAA Gaelic football team
Why did Orangemen change their name to orange?
The "rebranding" of Orangemen, which turned it from a word with meaning into a word with little meaning, worked. By the time the name changed from Orangemen/women to Orange, it had just as little meaning as the new name. If asked to picture an Orangeman, you'd probably pictured Otto.


access icon free Calibration of triaxial MEMS vector field measurement system
Triaxial MEMS vector field measurement system with triaxial MEMS sensors, such as accelerometer and magnetometer, is typically used to acquire navigation information in strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS). The navigation accuracy of the body is directly affected by the measurement accuracy of the measurement system. This study presents a two-step calibration algorithm for the triaxial MEMS vector field measurement system based on a detailed analysis of the measurement system error model. In the calibration procedure of this method, the first step is to calibrate the triaxial vector sensor error, including bias, scale factors and non-orthogonality using the ellipsoid fitting method; the second step is to calibrate the misalignment between the orthogonal sensor frame and the system body frame using the four-position method. Furthermore, the mathematical analysis of four-position method calibration error is done to study on the factors influencing the misalignment calibration accuracy, numerical simulation and experiments, which are performed for validating the analysis. A series of calibration experiments on a triaxial MEMS accelerometer in the measurement system show signiﬁcant enhancement of the accuracy of three components measurement data in the system body frame.
Inspec keywords: mathematical analysis; measurement errors; magnetometers; accelerometers; microsensors; calibration; inertial navigation
Other keywords: mathematical analysis; measurement system error model; system body frame; magnetometer; two-step calibration algorithm; SINS; ellipsoid fitting method; orthogonal sensor frame; triaxial MEMS vector field measurement system; strapdown inertial navigation system; accelerometer; numerical simulation; four-position method; triaxial MEMS vector sensor
Subjects: Sensing and detecting devices; Measurement standards and calibration; Measurement standards and calibration; Mathematical analysis; MEMS and NEMS device technology; Magnetic variables measurement; Velocity, acceleration and rotation measurement; Velocity, acceleration and rotation measurement; Micromechanical and nanomechanical devices and systems; Microsensors and nanosensors
 1. 1)
 - 11. Qingde, L., Griffiths, J.G.: 'Least squares ellipsoid specific fitting'. Proc. Geometric Modeling and Processing, 2004, 2004, pp. 335340.
 2. 2)
 - 12. Taylor, J.R.: 'An introduction to error analysis: the study of uncertainties in physical measurements' (University Science Books, Sausalito, CA, 1997), pp. 55154.
 3. 3)
 4. 4)
 - 8. Parvis, M., Ferraris, F.: 'Procedure for effortless in-field calibration of three-axial rate gyro and accelerometers', Sens. Mater., 1995, 7, pp. 311330.
 5. 5)
 6. 6)
 7. 7)
 8. 8)
 9. 9)
 10. 10)
 11. 11)
 - 4. Renaudin, V., Afzal, M.H., Lachapelle, G.: 'New method for magnetometers based orientation estimation'. Position Location and Navigation Symp. (PLANS), 2010 IEEE/ION, 2010, pp. 348356.
 12. 12)
 - 2. Ying Kun, P., Golnaraghi, M.F.: 'A vector-based gyro-free inertial navigation system by integrating existing accelerometer network in a passenger vehicle'. Position Location and Navigation Symp., 2004. PLANS 2004, 2004, pp. 234242.
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text:
Hoge Kempen National Park (Nationaal Park Hoge Kempen) is the first National Park in Flanders, Belgium. It is located in the Campine in the East of the Province of Limburg, between Genk and the Meuse River (Dutch:Maas) Valley. It includes the elevated ground that defines the watershed between that river and the low ground of the drainage basin of the Demer river that covers most of Belgian Limburg.
The national park is located between Genk and Maastricht. You should go for either of these two cities when visiting the park. Both cities have plenty of options for renting a car and driving to the park. The closest international airports are Brussels or Dusseldorf in Germany.
When to visit
This is one of the good places to visit in all seasons. The park is located close to cities and you can easily combine your visit to the park with a visit to the cities.
Map of Hoge Kempen National Park
Image gallery of Hoge Kempen National Park
Visitor/Information centres in Hoge Kempen National Park
Most national parks have an associated visitor centre to help visitors. They are usually open most of the year but some close in the off-season. You will often be able to find information on all the activities in the national park. A visit to the visitor centre is often recommended before venturing into the park.
Activities in Hoge Kempen National Park
This section will list some of the popular activities in the national park. They range from demanding to family type activities.


First 0 Euro Banknote of Ireland
19 Jun 2021 Sat
The concept of "Euro Souvenir" was introduced to attract tourists and visitors. These notes depict important destinations, historical buildings, or anything else that represents that particular country.
A French businessman named Richard Faille introduced this concept in France in 2015. The idea was expanded and has now reached Germany, Austria, France, Belgium, Italy Switzerland, Spain, and Portugal through various businesses.
A company from Galway named Euro Note Souvenir released Ireland's first '0 Euro' banknote in August which was introduced as an Irish souvenir or Irish gift. The Euro Souvenir depicts an image of a Celtic harp and a map of Ireland with its states.
Image Courtesy:
Knowledge Base


Saturday, 6 October 2007
MySQL: delay_key_write is good
If you're using MySQL with the MyISAM engine for a high-writes application, delay_key_write is usually very good.
Let me explain further: delay_key_write is a table option which causes the database NOT to flush the MyISAM key file after every write. This is a really good thing, as if you're doing another write very soon anyway, this is likely to just waste I/O time.
This doesn't sound like a good idea right, because it means that if the power fails (or mysql crashes, or something), then you'll be left with a broken index file? No, it's still a very good idea:
 - delay_key_write does NOT appear to affect the MyISAM data file - that will still be flushed according to the normal policy.
 - If you had delay_key_write off, then a power failure or crash during the index write would cause the same level of corruption.
 - Broken MyISAM index files need to be rebuilt, regardless of how little or how much "brokenness" they actually have.
How do you turn delay_key_write on?
It's a table option, so you have to do it at create time. It's possible to do ALTER TABLE, but that behaves how it normally does under MySQL - i.e. it rebuilds the entire table, just to change one flag. This is of course necessary if you're changing the schema, but delay_key_write shouldn't - sadly, it does.
This means that on a large existing table, the ALTER TABLE needs to be done with care (i.e. out-of-hours or during scheduled down time, if at all).
Another option is to set the variable delay_key_write to "ALL" - however, this is not necessarily a good idea as it applies to all tables (in the entire server) whether you want it to or not.
On infrequently written tables, delay_key_write could increase the chance of index corruption.
Our performance testing cycle for delay_key_write is now over - quite frankly we're amazed by how much performance it gives us for so little effort - it will definitely be going into production.
Our servers are being hurt with heavy write-load which is keeping (at least one thread of) mysql almost permanently in I/O-wait - delay_key_write makes almost all of this go away making inserts much quicker and leaving the server more time for other things. It's likely to become essential once our server workload grows even higher.
Riddla said...
excellent little writeup.
this has helped me out plenty.
thank you kindly!
Unknown said...
The concept of delay_key_write is good for performance. Unfortunately it seems to contribute to recurring MyISAM table corruption under high load. We have observed the problem in both 5.0.33 and 5.1.36. I haven't been able to find where this has been fixed in a newer release.
Ninja said...
does this affect the result of select from another process?
for example, the table is
(a, b, c,d);
we have a index [a,c];
if we do not flush the index, then query like
select c from table where a=1
might produce the wrong result?
Mark Robson said...
No it does not affect the other process; it won't make the server return the wrong results, as it uses the indexes still in the key buffer, even if they are dirty.


Hot Book Summer.png
What is Hot Book Summer?
A free reading initiative at The Bottom
centering Black youth in the East Knoxville area!
Who can join?
Though anyone between the ages of 7-18 can join,
Our Focus is on Students of the following schools:
Austin East High
Vine Middle
Green Magnet Academy
Sarah Moore Greene Elementary
Fulton High
Central High
Holston Middle
Emerald Academy
Maynard Elementary
Lonsdale Elementary
How can students get involved?
1. Complete this form to register & receive details
2. Pick up books to read
3. Give a quick review
4. Receive points + prizes!
How can the community get involved?
1. Donate prizes
2. Purchase books to be donated
3. Tell youth you know about this initiative
4. Cheer on students who participate!
What's included?
Through Our partnership with
The University of Tennessee's English Department
+ Center for Children's and Young Adult Literature,
free books will be provided each month.
Prizes will be awarded at the end of the program & will include: Pizza Parties, Merchandise,
Gift Cards, Cash & More!


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Clean Diesel Initiative in MichiganContact: Environmental Assistance Center (800) 662-9278Agency: Environmental Quality
What is the Michigan Clean Diesel Initiative (MiCDI)?
The MiCDI is a group of government, industry, and nonprofit organizations working together to address diesel engine pollution in Michigan. The objectives of the MiCDI are to help the state of Michigan achieve improvements in the federal air quality standards for particulate matter and ozone by:
- Working with specific geographic areas and industry sectors of Michigan to identify where environmental improvements can be made through diesel emission reductions, including reasons for the emission reductions and major sources in the affected areas.
- Encouraging the development and expansion of innovative technologies that can be used by these industry sectors as well as ways to implement diesel emission reductions at the local level.
- Acting as a conduit to help identify funding opportunities and resources that can be used to implement diesel reduction technologies and strategies, and to provide resources for the application process.
Funding for Clean Diesel Projects
The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is issuing a competitive Request for Proposals for projects that qualify for funding under the Michigan Clean Diesel Initiative.
Diesel Emission Reduction Act (DERA) - State Clean Diesel Grant
- FY14 RFP Coming Fall 2014
If you need additional information please contact the Environmental Assistance Center at1-_PHONE_.
The DEQ defines eligible partners as cities, townships, and villages; county government agencies; port authorities; public school districts; private schools; other non-profit organizations or institutions that promote transportation or air quality as their focus; metropolitan planning organizations and private business industry.
Types of Projects Eligible for Grant Awards
Grant projects must include the application of a diesel emissions reduction solution that is an emission control technology that has been verified by either the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) or California Air Resources Board (CARB). Examples of USEPA or CARB-verified emission control technologies include:
- Retrofit Technologies (i.e. oxidation catalysts, aerodynamic hoods and particulate matter filters)
- Idle Reduction Technologies (i.e. auxilary power units and generator sets).
- Engine Repowers (i.e. replacement with new or cleaner engine and scrappage of old engine).
- Vehicle and Equipment Replacements (covering between 25-50% of cost).
- Aerodynamic technologies (i.e. long haul truck side skirts, hoods, etc).
Eligible Vehicles and Equipment
- Medium to heavy duty diesel vehicles, engines and ground installations used for either on-road or non-road applications (i.e. trucks, buses and other diesel equipment used for construction, handling cargo, farming, mining and energy production).
- Marine engines (i.e. tugboats and pushboats, ferries, excursion vessels, dredging equipment, container ships, tanker ships, bulk carrier ships and cruise ships).
- On-road or non-road applications that provide heat, air conditioning or electricity service to vehicles and equipment that is stationary or temporarily parked (i.e. generator sets).
|Southwest Detroit Environmental Vision (SDEV) was awarded $261,459 in federal funding from the 2013 Michigan Clean Diesel Grant Program. The goal is to replace older vehicles with new models that meet or exceed the current highest EPA emissions standards. This project will significantly reduce diesel emissions occurring in this area, which not only bears disproportionate environmental and public health burdens, but is also an impoverished urban area.
To implement this project, SDEV will partner with:
Southwest Detroit Environmental Vision is a community-based environmental organization operating in and focused on Southwest Detroit.
The DEQ has also awarded Lenawee Intermediate School District (LISD) $52,950 in federal funds and partnered with the Marathon Oil Company to help replace three diesel powered school buses.
To implement this project, LISD will:


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In the era of voice assistants, Amazon Alexa has revolutionized the way we interact with our devices and homes. However, like any technology, Alexa may occasionally encounter errors that can disrupt its seamless functionality. One such error is Alexa Error 701. In this article, we'll delve into what this error signifies, its potential causes, and most importantly, how to troubleshoot and resolve it effectively.
What is Alexa Error 701?
Alexa Error 701 is an issue that users may encounter when trying to communicate with their Alexa-enabled devices. It usually manifests as a response like, "I'm sorry, I can't connect to the internet right now" or "I'm having trouble connecting to the internet." This error essentially indicates a problem with the device's connection to the internet, preventing it from accessing Amazon's servers to provide responses and perform tasks.
Potential Causes of Alexa Error 701
- Internet Connectivity Issues: The most common cause of Alexa Error 701 is a disrupted or unstable internet connection. If your device is unable to establish a reliable connection to the internet, it won't be able to communicate with Amazon's servers.
- Router Configuration: Incorrect router settings, such as firewall restrictions or blocked ports, can impede the device's ability to communicate with external servers, leading to error 701.
- Network Overload: An overcrowded network or high network traffic can slow down or disrupt the connection, causing Alexa to encounter errors.
- Device Software Glitch: Sometimes, a software glitch within the Alexa-enabled device itself can lead to connectivity issues and result in error 701.
- Outdated Firmware: Using outdated firmware on your Alexa device or router can create compatibility issues with newer network protocols.
Troubleshooting and Resolving Alexa Error 701
- Check Internet Connection: Ensure your Wi-Fi is functioning properly and other devices are able to connect to the internet. If not, reset your router and modem.
- Restart Alexa Device: Turn off your Alexa-enabled device, unplug it from the power source, wait for a minute, and then plug it back in. This can often resolve minor software glitches.
- Router Check: Verify that your router settings are not blocking the device's connection. Temporarily disable any firewalls or filters that could be hindering communication.
- Move Closer to Router: If your device is located far from the router, it might experience weaker signals. Moving it closer can improve connectivity.
- Check for Firmware Updates: Ensure both your Alexa device and router have the latest firmware updates to maintain compatibility with network protocols.
- Restart Network Devices: Restart your router, modem, and any Wi-Fi extenders to refresh the network connection.
- Reduce Network Load: Disconnect other devices from the network that might be consuming excessive bandwidth.
- Use Wired Connection (if possible): If the Alexa device supports an Ethernet connection, consider using a wired connection for more stable connectivity.
- Contact Customer Support: If all else fails, reach out to Amazon's customer support for further assistance. They can provide specific guidance based on your device and situation.
Alexa Error 701 can be a frustrating experience, but armed with the knowledge of its potential causes and troubleshooting steps, you can now approach the issue with confidence. By systematically diagnosing and addressing the underlying factors, you can ensure that your Alexa-enabled device maintains a reliable connection to the internet, allowing you to continue enjoying the convenience and functionality that Amazon Alexa offers.


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This is a common expression for two people that know each other and they don't meet for some time. This is not an expression for new people for us. In English, we usually say 'how are you'. Apa kabar is usually used for asking health and condition of another speaker and the other person will say,'Baik' or 'Kabar baik'.
Bahasa Indonesia is sometimes mixed with other language for example Arabic, because it is related to the Indonesian' religion. So it is common that people in Indonesia will respond 'Alhamdulillah saya baik-baik saja' which means 'thank God I'm very well'.
Instead of 'apa kabar' we can say 'bagaimana kabarmu' and we can give the same respons as above.
If we want to know about other person condition we can say 'bagaimana kabar Susan' for example or 'bagaimana kabar keluargamu',you know keluarga is family.
The answer can be'mereka baik-baik saja or they're just fine.
So, apa kabarmu dan keluargamu?


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Pamela Wright started at the National Archives in 2001 and has spent the past seven years promoting digital access and strategy. Prior to this appointment, she served as the agency's first Chief Digital Access Strategist and launched many of the National Archives' now robust social media platforms.
She created a "Citizen Archivist Dashboard" to make National Archives records more accessible online by using crowdsourcing to tag, transcribe, and edit articles, as well as to upload and share scans or images of records. She also advanced the first agency tool for online internal communication – the Internal Collaboration Network (ICN).
Since 2012, Pamela Wright is leading the agency in developing innovative ways to share the National Archives' extensive holdings with the public. She represents the National Archives on the White House Open Government Working Group. She has spearheaded several internal working groups and teams dedicated to advancing the "Open Government" goals of transparency, participation, and collaboration.
She began her career at the National Archives as a processing archivist. She holds Bachelor's degrees in History and English from the University of Montana, and earned a Master's Certificate in Project Management from George Washington University.


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Indian and Himalayan Art
A Woman with an Ascetic (Kedara Raga)
Artist/maker unknown, India
Opaque watercolor on paper
Currently not on view
2004-149-53125th Anniversary Acquisition. Alvin O. Bellak Collection, 2004
LabelThe ragamala (garland of musical modes) is one of the most popular subjects of Indian painting. Ragas are selections of musical notes and patterns that invoke particular emotions, times of day, and seasons of the year. Ragamala verses and illustrations are the poetic and visual personifications of ragas. The system, however, is very complex and the meaning of particular images is not always clear. This scene is labeled on the painting as Kedara Raga, a melody to be sung on wintry nights. Images of Kedara Raga usually depict an ascetic and a musical instrument. Here a young ascetic is seated on the right, his renunciation of the physical world shown only by his matted hair and scanty clothing. The motif of the instrument, however, is absent. This particularly elaborate ragamala series shows the vibrant palette and strong contrasts of hue and tone favored by painters from the small state of Sirohi in southern Rajasthan.


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As climate change and its effects take hold on agricultural systems, knowledge of engineering hydrology is required to come up with effective solutions. Following is a brief overview of how agricultural engineers use engineering hydrology concepts and hydrological data in Kenya.
Engineering hydrology is one of the most important sets of theoretical information that agricultural engineers have to stay conversant with when coming up with interventions to address climate change. Hydrological data describes the relationship between soil and water systems during design, and is important for, among others, design of small dams, water pans, rain water harvesting structures and irrigation. In the design of small dams and water pans, hydrological information is necessary in determining the peak flow rate for spillway design and the sedimentation load in silt trap design. When designing water harvesting structures, hydrological data is used to determine the precipitation, which forms the basis for sizing the structures. In irrigation design, hydrological data such as the base flow rate of the water sources is required to determine the area of irrigation. Agricultural Engineers in Kenya refer to a set of reference documents when analyzing hydrological data during design.


(host); RefPtr webCertificateInfo = WebCertificateInfo::create(WebCore::CertificateInfo(certificate, static_cast(0))); context->priv->processPool->allowSpecificHTTPSCertificateForHost(webCertificateInfo.get(), String::fromUTF8(host)); } /** * webkit_web_context_set_process_model: * @context: the #WebKitWebContext * @process_model: a #WebKitProcessModel * * Specifies a process model for WebViews, which WebKit will use to * determine how auxiliary processes are handled. The default setting * (%WEBKIT_PROCESS_MODEL_SHARED_SECONDARY_PROCESS) is suitable for most * applications which embed a small amount of WebViews, or are used to * display documents which are considered safe — like local files. * * Applications which may potentially use a large amount of WebViews * —for example a multi-tabbed web browser— may want to use * %WEBKIT_PROCESS_MODEL_MULTIPLE_SECONDARY_PROCESSES, which will use * one process per view most of the time, while still allowing for web * views to share a process when needed (for example when different * views interact with each other). Using this model, when a process * hangs or crashes, only the WebViews using it stop working, while * the rest of the WebViews in the application will still function * normally. * * This method **must be called before any web process has been created**, * as early as possible in your application. Calling it later will make * your application crash. * * Since: 2.4 */ void webkit_web_context_set_process_model(WebKitWebContext* context, WebKitProcessModel processModel) { g_return_if_fail(WEBKIT_IS_WEB_CONTEXT(context)); if (processModel == context->priv->processModel) return; context->priv->processModel = processModel; switch (context->priv->processModel) { case WEBKIT_PROCESS_MODEL_SHARED_SECONDARY_PROCESS: context->priv->processPool->setMaximumNumberOfProcesses(1); break; case WEBKIT_PROCESS_MODEL_MULTIPLE_SECONDARY_PROCESSES: context->priv->processPool->setMaximumNumberOfProcesses(context->priv->processCountLimit); break; } } /** * webkit_web_context_get_process_model: * @context: the #WebKitWebContext * * Returns the current process model. For more information about this value * see webkit_web_context_set_process_model(). * * Returns: the current #WebKitProcessModel * * Since: 2.4 */ WebKitProcessModel webkit_web_context_get_process_model(WebKitWebContext* context) { g_return_val_if_fail(WEBKIT_IS_WEB_CONTEXT(context), WEBKIT_PROCESS_MODEL_SHARED_SECONDARY_PROCESS); return context->priv->processModel; } /** * webkit_web_context_set_web_process_count_limit: * @context: the #WebKitWebContext * @limit: the maximum number of web processes * * Sets the maximum number of web processes that can be created at the same time for the @context. * The default value is 0 and means no limit. * * This method **must be called before any web process has been created**, * as early as possible in your application. Calling it later will make * your application crash. * * Since: 2.10 */ void webkit_web_context_set_web_process_count_limit(WebKitWebContext* context, guint limit) { g_return_if_fail(WEBKIT_IS_WEB_CONTEXT(context)); if (context->priv->processCountLimit == limit) return; context->priv->processCountLimit = limit; if (context->priv->processModel != WEBKIT_PROCESS_MODEL_SHARED_SECONDARY_PROCESS) context->priv->processPool->setMaximumNumberOfProcesses(limit); } /** * webkit_web_context_get_web_process_count_limit: * @context: the #WebKitWebContext * * Gets the maximum number of web processes that can be created at the same time for the @context. * * Returns: the maximum limit of web processes, or 0 if there isn't a limit. * * Since: 2.10 */ guint webkit_web_context_get_web_process_count_limit(WebKitWebContext* context) { g_return_val_if_fail(WEBKIT_IS_WEB_CONTEXT(context), 0); return context->priv->processCountLimit; } static void addOriginToMap(WebKitSecurityOrigin* origin, HashMap* map, bool allowed) { String string = webkitSecurityOriginGetSecurityOrigin(origin).toString(); if (string != "null") map->set(string, allowed); } /** * webkit_web_context_initialize_notification_permissions: * @context: the #WebKitWebContext * @allowed_origins: (element-type WebKitSecurityOrigin): a #GList of security origins * @disallowed_origins: (element-type WebKitSecurityOrigin): a #GList of security origins * * Sets initial desktop notification permissions for the @context. * @allowed_origins and @disallowed_origins must each be #GList of * #WebKitSecurityOrigin objects representing origins that will, * respectively, either always or never have permission to show desktop * notifications. No #WebKitNotificationPermissionRequest will ever be * generated for any of the security origins represented in * @allowed_origins or @disallowed_origins. This function is necessary * because some webpages proactively check whether they have permission * to display notifications without ever creating a permission request. * * This function only affects web processes that have not already been * created. The best time to call it is when handling * #WebKitWebContext::initialize-notification-permissions so as to * ensure that new web processes receive the most recent set of * permissions. * * Since: 2.16 */ void webkit_web_context_initialize_notification_permissions(WebKitWebContext* context, GList* allowedOrigins, GList* disallowedOrigins) { HashMap map; g_list_foreach(allowedOrigins, [](gpointer data, gpointer userData) { addOriginToMap(static_cast(data), static_cast*>(userData), true); }, &map); g_list_foreach(disallowedOrigins, [](gpointer data, gpointer userData) { addOriginToMap(static_cast(data), static_cast*>(userData), false); }, &map); context->priv->notificationProvider->setNotificationPermissions(WTFMove(map)); } void webkitWebContextInitializeNotificationPermissions(WebKitWebContext* context) { g_signal_emit(context, signals[INITIALIZE_NOTIFICATION_PERMISSIONS], 0); } WebKitDownload* webkitWebContextGetOrCreateDownload(DownloadProxy* downloadProxy) { GRefPtr download = downloadsMap().get(downloadProxy); if (download) return download.get(); download = adoptGRef(webkitDownloadCreate(downloadProxy)); downloadsMap().set(downloadProxy, download.get()); return download.get(); } WebKitDownload* webkitWebContextStartDownload(WebKitWebContext* context, const char* uri, WebPageProxy* initiatingPage) { WebCore::ResourceRequest request(String::fromUTF8(uri)); return webkitWebContextGetOrCreateDownload(context->priv->processPool->download(initiatingPage, request)); } void webkitWebContextRemoveDownload(DownloadProxy* downloadProxy) { downloadsMap().


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- I have just started ZeroShell and the console displays the commands menu, but how can I connect to the web interface to configure it?
From a PC connected via Ethernet to ETH00 of the ZeroShell box, open the URL https://192.168.0.75 using a web browser. Following the various messages advising you that the X.509 certificate was not issued by a reliable source, you will be required to insert your username and password: the username of the ZeroShell administrator is admin, while the initial password is zeroshell.
Keep in mind that ZeroShell, by default, doesn't enable the dhcp server to provide automatically assignment of IP address belonging to the subnet 192.168.0.0/24. Hence, you must manually configure the PC on which runs the web browser to have an IP address (such as 192.168.0.1) with which you can reach the host 192.168.0.75.
- I have an embedded device without a VGA outlet and the keyboard connector and only have a RS232 serial interface. Can I get a text console for ZeroShell?
Yes, you can have a serial console. To the RS232 port connect a VT100 text terminal or a PC with a terminal emulator configured to 38400bps, 8bit, no parity and 1 stop bit.
- Having incorrectly configured the firewall or the network in general I can no longer connect via the web interface. Even rebooting the system doesn't work. How can I resolve the problem?
From the ZeroShell console press the Z key. This enables the system to start the Fail-Safe procedure: you will be requested to select an Ethernet interface which can be attributed an IP address of your choice; any obstacles, such as firewall rules, belonging to a bridge, static routes or other will be removed. Once complete, you can access the interface via the IP address you attributed. To exit the Fail-Safe mode you must reboot, having removed the obstacle that blocked access.
- Once booted, a text commands menu appears on the ZeroShell console. But how can I start the graphic server? How can I start the graphic application, for example a web browser?
It is simply not possible because given the purposes of the server system and its reduced size of just over 100MB, ZeroShell does not have an X server and the X11 applications installed. To display the administration web interface you must therefore use a browser that runs on a machine connected to the network.


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Species: Queen of the Andes (Puya raimondii)
Status: Endangered (EN)
Interesting Fact: The Queen of the Andes may take as long as 80 to 150 years to flower and will only flower once before dying.
The Queen of the Andes is best known for its spectacular flower spike, which can reach up to 10 metres high. These spikes bear over 8,000 whitish-green blooms, which turn purple with age. The Queen of the Andes is a monocarpic species, meaning that it will die after flowering for the first time. These plants produce as many as 8 to 12 million seeds, but if conditions are not suitable few seeds will survive to germination. This means that a plant that is more than a century old may never actually reproduce successfully. The Queen of the Andes grows in the harsh, high-altitude environment of the Andes in Peru and Bolivia. This highly adapted species produces an anti-freeze chemical in its sap to survive freezing temperatures.
Today, the Queen of the Andes has an extremely fragmented distribution. Vegetation destruction, grazing by livestock, fires, and the introduction of exotic species all threaten this species. The Andean region is regarded as a priority for plant conservation, meaning action is urgently required to preserve this unique ecosystem and its important vegetation.
Find out more about the Queen of the Andes on the IUCN Red List website.


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This is a theoretical comparison between the costs involved in operating a diesel, electric or gas/petrol counter balanced forklift truck over a period of say 5 years. The comparison gives the cost for an activity cycle per forklift truck.
What is meant with activity cycle is a task for instance to pick up a load and transport it say 25 meters, place the load in a rack (2.5 meters high) and travel back to fetch another load. The cost comparison model has been so designed to calculate the cost involved in the performance of any combinations of activities to form an activity cycle.
This is a theoretical cost model and no environmental aspects are taken into account.
|THE COST COMPARISON MODEL|
The model is divided into the following sub sections.
These are the performance of the particular make and type of forklift trucks in use e.g. max travel speed, lifting speed, etc.
No detail is given here of the further stages of the model - it covers inter-alia the following:
This is the work cycle the forklift is doing. As mentioned in the introduction, each activity cycle is a combination of individual activities. For each activity you must give information such as distance to be travelled, percentage of max speed, etc.
These are the items such as the motor sizes driving the battery operated truck, fuel consumption and tank sizes. These variables are used to determine the power needed to perform each activity cycle.
This is where the fixed cost for the equipment is calculated. The model assumes the equipment would be financed by a 5 year period loan and that the equipment has a residual value at the end of the 5 years. The loan period can be adapted. Tax aspects are ignored but can be added to the model if required.
This is all the operating costs such as: fuel, tyres, maintenance and labour.
All costs are added to obtain a cost per activity cycle as performed in a 5 year period, with other words what that particular activity costs the user during the "life" of the forklift truck in present value rand terms per forklift truck and for the required fleet size.
|SOME COMPARISON RESULTS|
The model has been used for the three different activity cycles. For all three activity cycles the same performance and cost variables have been used, only the activities have been changed.
Activity cycle one: Is for small movements and lifting. Like order picking and truck loading type of activities where the forklift truck does not need to travel over long distances, but is doing a lot of load handling.
Activity cycle two: Is more medium travelling distances and moving. The type of activity were a pallet is moved from the palletisation area to for instance a cold store and placed in a rack.
Activity cycle three: Is for moving of loads over longer distances. Typical operations would be moving loads between warehouses or cold stores where trailer transfer is possibly called for.
It should be noted that this is just an example of what the model can do. End results are very much dependent on the variables entered into the model.
The time taken to complete an activity cycle therefore is very much dependent on the performance parameters of each forklift.
|Interesting to note that the running cost for activity cycle one does not differ very much between the forklifts.|
|Both the LP Gas and Electric forklift trucks do much better in smaller activities such as in activity cycle 1.|
Because the model can accept virtually any forklift task and operation cycle, it is an ideal program to use in order to determine the relative cost of the activity cycle when using each forklift propulsion type - even, within limits, different forklift makes, or more importantly when using larger or smaller capacity forklift trucks to do the same task.
If you should have the need to do a cost exercise of your particular circumstances, you are welcome to contact our office _EMAIL_ or:
Phone number: +27 (21) _PHONE_
|Click to go back to Seminar Page||Click to go back to the Home Page|


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Mango Kush Full Spectrum Terpene Blend
- Reg. Certificates-FMK
A top seller in the category, this light yet fruity blend is an incredible representation of the strain.
How to Use Terpenes
Use 1%-5% by weight
Warm up your concentrate as you normally would. Calculate how much terpenes you will need to use, by weight. Always measure by weight, and never by the drop. We will use an example of a 100g batch, and our average add back rate of 4%. Using a calculator, input 100 x 0.04 (4%). You should get an answer of 4 grams.
1. WARM MATERIAL AND CALCULATE ADD BACK RATE
Remove your concentrate from heat and allow it to cool down enough so that you can still manipulate it. Concentrates should at the very most be 100°F at the time of adding terpenes.
2. ALLOW MATERIAL TO COOL
Take a pyrex beaker and a scale that is accurate to at least 0.00 decimal places. Place the beaker on the scale, and using the same example of 4% usage in a 100g batch, carefully weigh out 4g of terpenes, using a disposable plastic pipette. Set aside in preparation for mixing.
3. WEIGH TERPENES
Once your material is at 100°F or less, it is time to add back the 4g of terpenes. Pour them into the concentrate, and using either a magnetic stir bar or a hand tool, mix the solution for up to 20 minutes.
4. ADD AND MIX
Many people make the mistake of tasting the product right after mixing. It is always better to let the solution sit for 24 hours. Once it has steeped for a day, and it has passed your visual test, you may apply it to whichever end product the material is going into and give it an official taste test.
5. WAIT AND TASTE
Once you are satisfied with your end product, it is ready to go into production. If this is the first time you have developed this product, be sure to document your add back rate for each terpene product for future use. Always store your finished product between 60° and 75°F. This will help prevent separation, crystallization, and oxidation.
Does NOT contain THC or CBD as all of our products are botanically derived from plants and NOT cannabis or hemp.


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To finish up our series of Biodiversity Month lectures, we are delighted to present this free talk by Professor Jane Stout of Trinity College Dublin on Sunday 28th May.
We are in the midst of a nature crisis, but it's not too late bend the curve on biodiversity loss. With more international agreements, European Directives and national policy, across all sectors and scales, nature has a chance. In addition, many actions have climate and health benefits too. This talk will cover some of the actions that are being taken in Ireland and overseas to halt and reverse biodiversity loss.
Jane Stout is a Professor at Trinity College Dublin, whose work focusses on understanding complexities of natural ecosystems and interactions between nature and people. An internationally renowned expert on pollinator and pollination ecology, Jane is a prominent voice for biodiversity and its value. Her research helps to identify societal and business risks associated with biodiversity loss, and development of habitat management solutions.
At the National Botanic Gardens we are holding Biodiversity Month throughout May to celebrate the wonders of Irish biodiversity. As always National Biodiversity Week will be running from 19th to 28th May 2023.
Free event. Book here