text:
Wed July 11, 2012
That's 'Gnathia Marleyi' To You: Scientist Names New Species After Bob Marley
Originally published on Thu July 12, 2012 4:00 pm
We're not quite sure what to make of it. Is it an honor? Is it an insult?
Either way, a biologist and a fan of Bob Marley has decided to name a new species in honor of the Jamaican singer.
"I named this species, which is truly a natural wonder, after Marley because of my respect and admiration for Marley's music. Plus, this species is as uniquely Caribbean as was Marley," Paul Sikkel, assistant professor of biology and a field marine biologist at Arkansas State University, said in a press release.
Also, Gnathia marleyi is the first new species described in the Caribbean in more than two decades.
But... and you were expecting a but... here are some of the characteristics of the species described in the latest issue of the journal Zootaxia.
-- Gnathia marleyi is a parasite.
-- Juveniles hide in coral rubble, sea sponge or algae and sneak up on unsuspecting fish to infest them.
-- Adults can live without feeding for two or three weeks before dying.
-- They are blood suckers, "ecologically similar to land-based... ticks or disease-carrying mosquitoes," Sikkel says.
-- In its press release Arkansas State explains, "About 80 percent of all organisms found on coral reefs are parasites. The gnathiid isopods are among the most ecologically important of them, according to biologists, because many diseases afflicting desirable fish are either caused by, or are transmitted by gnathiids."
-- So the Gnathia marleyi might have something to do with the demise of some coral.
All that said, would Marley be proud to be associated with that creature? Marley was of course famous for preaching unconditional love. "Love would never leave us alone," he sang famously on Could You Be Loved.


text: This work proposes a method for numerically investigating the fracture mechanism of cement paste at the microscale based on X-ray computed tomography and nanoindentation. For this purpose, greyscale level based digital microstructure was generated by X-ray microcomputed tomography with a resolution of 2 μm/voxel length. In addition, statistics based micromechanical properties (i.e. Young's modulus and hardness) were derived from the grid nanoindentation test which was set to have an interaction volume the same as the resolution of the digital microstructure. A linear relationship between the two probability density functions of greyscale level and local Young's modulus was assumed and verified by the two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K–S) statistic. Based on this assumption, the fracture and deformation of a digital cubic volume with a dimension of 100 μm under uniaxial tension was simulated using a lattice fracture model. In addition, the influence of heterogeneity on fracture response was studied. Furthermore, the proposed method was compared with the results obtained from a traditional approach used previously by the authors in which discrete phases (capillary pore, anhydrous cement clinker, outer and inner hydration products) were considered. The two methods show similar crack patterns and stress-strain responses. The proposed method is regarded more promising as it captures also the gradient of material properties (within the discrete phases) in the cement paste.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
THE YOUTH METHOD 14 DAY DIET DETOX FULL REVIEW
What is The Youth Method 14 Day Diet Detox Review?. Is it real or scam diet program?.Is it really healthy?.The Youth Method 14 Day Diet Detox is a digital diet book aims to respond in 14 days as you can see from the name. It helps you with its important meal plan and other information to have a healthier body you desire. This program is meant for old ladies and priced as it deserves.
THE YOUTH METHOD 14 DAY DIET PDF
You experience various differences on your body as time pass and your age. Human body starts releasing inflammatory molecules in high rate after the 40s, which cause people to gain weight and stress out. Your body starts producing estrogen less by you age is a fact, and this would make hard losing weight. No need to worry anymore because The Youth Method is here.You can try The Youth Method and take a step from here through that slim and young body you deserve.
Actually, The Youth Method 14 Day Diet Detox is meant for women older than 40. However, it is effective in any age. The program helps you and triggers the genes which control remaining slim and young in your body. When these genes triggered and activated, you can achieve:
-Reduce the visibility of belly fat
-Blow life to saggy or dull skin
-Relax and comfort your joints
-Fix energy levels
Generally, you have to lose weight to achieve these goals. Most people don't feel they need to do it so they seek solutions through other ways. They probably choose liposuction or plastic surgery to fix their fat problems around their belly. Since these are not the real solutions but maybe temporary ones because you still have the same habits, you end up with failures. The Youth Method 14 Day Diet Detox puts its difference right this point: You will achieve tips and guides to fix your dangerous habits and treat your body well.
How does The Youth Method 14 Day Diet Detox work?
To be able to comprehend Youth Method, first, we need to realize the problem with other companies. Others make you follow different calorie and nutrient order and this exactly cause your body to hold onto fat instead of burning or removing it. Plus it causes inflammation in your body too, which is another problem to fix!
The Youth Method 14 Days Diet Detox comes with difference right this point. Youth Method helps you to reactivate the good genes that we mentioned. This happens with the limitation of some certain food groups. Those food groups are:
-Wheat based foods
-Foods made with sugar
-Any kind of processed foods
This kind of foods we mention here cause aging and fat storing in your body instead of eliminating it. Sugar, for example, is a serious reason of stress and aging which are the main reasons of other sicknesses. Also, it is not a surprise that sugar is the main actor of diabetes.
Wheat usually seems a natural and healthy ingredient, but in fact, when you digest it in your body, it turns into glucose which means it is what happens to sugar. Wheat = Sugar! These ingredients are also included in Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs), which cause aging fast in your internal organs and the rest of the body. To avoid the damage of glucose, you can use fruits, vegetables, and nuts to have the same level of fiber in your body.
Processed food is the easiest one to understand. Diet foods that are low in fat or sugar, includes toxins to give the feeling which is even worse than sugar can damage. Do diet or not, it is always better to stay away from processed food.
What Are You Going to Learn From This Program?
You are going to have many helpful lessons and guides with Youth Method 14 Days Diet Detox. These tips and guides, you can also use them after your diet anytime. You will have:
-The best herbs and species for burning fat
-Guide about fixing your coffee habit and slow down aging on your skin
-The way of using dessert against skin damage and inflammation
-Learning eating fat without gaining or storing any
– Discover if healthy foods can also age you
All these are and much more are included to be Youth Method.The company provides the first three days of the regimen, so even though you know the result of the program, the company helps you to comprehend and approve detox is working well. By the first day, you are going to start destroying the inflammation and slimming down. The second day you can feel that the good genes are activated and helping your body.
RESULT OF THE YOUTH METHOD 14 DAYS DIET DETOX REVIEW:
The Youth Method 14 Days Diet Detox Review is an effective diet to burn your belly fat, fix skin aging and a bad habit of eating. It only costs $19.00 and you will have money-back-guarantee in 60 days. The program already promises to result in 14 days so you can try this product freely.Life is precious and health is very important for you.So, Don't forget,
Healthy Life.. Happy Life..

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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New-AzRoleDefinition
Creates a custom role in Azure RBAC. Provide either a JSON role definition file or a PSRoleDefinition object as input. First, use the Get-AzRoleDefinition command to generate a baseline role definition object. Then, modify its properties as required. Finally, use this command to create a custom role using role definition.
Syntax
New-AzRoleDefinition
 [-InputFile] <String>
 [-DefaultProfile <IAzureContextContainer>]
 [<CommonParameters>]
New-AzRoleDefinition
 [-Role] <PSRoleDefinition>
 [-DefaultProfile <IAzureContextContainer>]
 [<CommonParameters>]
Description
The New-AzRoleDefinition cmdlet creates a custom role in Azure Role-Based Access Control. Provide a role definition as an input to the command as a JSON file or a PSRoleDefinition object. The input role definition MUST contain the following properties:
 1. DisplayName: the name of the custom role
 2. Description: a short description of the role that summarizes the access that the role grants.
 3. Actions: the set of operations to which the custom role grants access. Use Get-AzProviderOperation to get the operation for Azure resource providers that can be secured using Azure RBAC. Following are some valid operation strings:
 - "*/read" grants access to read operations of all Azure resource providers.
 - "_URL_" grants access to read operations for all resource types in the Microsoft.Network resource provider of Azure.
 - "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/*" grants access to all operations of virtual machines and its child resource types.
 1. AssignableScopes: the set of scopes (Azure subscriptions or resource groups) in which the custom role will be available for assignment. Using AssignableScopes you can make the custom role available for assignment in only the subscriptions or resource groups that need it, and not clutter the user experience for the rest of the subscriptions or resource groups. Following are some valid assignable scopes:
 - "/subscriptions/c276fc76-9cd4-44c9-99a7-4fd71546436e", "/subscriptions/e91d47c4-76f3-4271-a796-21b4ecfe3624": makes the role available for assignment in two subscriptions.
 - "/subscriptions/c276fc76-9cd4-44c9-99a7-4fd71546436e": makes the role available for assignment in a single subscription.
 - "/subscriptions/c276fc76-9cd4-44c9-99a7-4fd71546436e/resourceGroups/Network": makes the role available for assignment only in the Network resource group. The input role definition MAY contain the following properties:
 1. NotActions: the set of operations that must be excluded from the Actions to determine the effective actions for the custom role. If there is a specific operation that you do not wish to grant access to in a custom role, it is convenient to use NotActions to exclude it, rather than specifying all operations other than that specific operation in Actions.
 2. DataActions: the set of data operations to which the custom role grants access.
 3. NotDataActions: the set of operations that must be excluded from the DataActions to determine the effective data actions for the custom role. If there is a specific data operation that you do not wish to grant access to in a custom role, it is convenient to use NotDataActions to exclude it, rather than specifying all operations other than that specific operation in Actions. NOTE: If a user is assigned a role that specifies an operation in NotActions and also assigned another role grants access to the same operation - the user will be able to perform that operation. NotActions is not a deny rule - it is simply a convenient way to create a set of allowed operations when specific operations need to be excluded. Following is a sample json role definition that can be provided as input { "Name": "Updated Role", "Description": "Can monitor all resources and start and restart virtual machines", "Actions": [ "/read", "Microsoft.ClassicCompute/virtualmachines/restart/action", "Microsoft.ClassicCompute/virtualmachines/start/action" ], "NotActions": [ "/write" ], "DataActions": [ "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/blobServices/containers/blobs/read" ], "NotDataActions": [ "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/blobServices/containers/blobs/write" ], "AssignableScopes": ["/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"] }
Examples
Create using PSRoleDefinitionObject
PS C:\> $role = Get-AzRoleDefinition -Name "Virtual Machine Contributor"
 PS C:\> $role.Id = $null
 PS C:\> $role.Name = "Virtual Machine Operator"
 PS C:\> $role.Description = "Can monitor, start, and restart virtual machines."
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.RemoveRange(0,$role.Actions.Count)
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("_URL_")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/start/action")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/restart/action")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/downloadRemoteDesktopConnectionFile/action")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("_URL_")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("_URL_")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Authorization/*/read")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Resources/subscriptions/resourceGroups/read")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Resources/subscriptions/resourceGroups/resources/read")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("_URL_")
 PS C:\> $role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Support/*")
 PS C:\> $role.AssignableScopes.Clear()
 PS C:\> $role.AssignableScopes.Add("/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx")
 PS C:\> New-AzRoleDefinition -Role $role
Create using JSON file
PS C:\> New-AzRoleDefinition -InputFile C:\Temp\roleDefinition.json
Parameters
-DefaultProfile
The credentials, account, tenant, and subscription used for communication with azure
Type:Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Common.Authentication.Abstractions.Core.IAzureContextContainer
Aliases:AzContext, AzureRmContext, AzureCredential
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
-InputFile
File name containing a single json role definition.
Type:String
Position:0
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
-Role
Role definition object.
Type:PSRoleDefinition
Position:0
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
Inputs
None
Outputs
PSRoleDefinition
Notes
Keywords: azure, azurerm, arm, resource, management, manager, resource, group, template, deployment


text:
Can you help me with SQL statements to find duplicates on multiple fields?
For example, in pseudo code:
where the combination of field1, field2, field3 occurs multiple times
To get the list of fields for which there are multiple records, you can use..
select field1,field2,field3, count(*) from table_name group by field1,field2,field3 having count(*) > 1
Check this link for more information on how to delete the rows.
Edit : As the other users mentioned, there should be a criterion for deciding how you define "first rows" before you use the approach in the link above. Based on that you'll need to use an order by clause and a sub query if needed. If you can post some sample data, it would really help.


text:
Response Time Monitoring - Real vs. Synthetic
Response time monitoring is a very important aspect of application management. In a way, it is nothing new. People have been monitoring response time ever since the days of green screen mainframe terminal applications. The only variable is the technologies involved, both on the application and the tools for monitoring them. When I speak with customers, I something get these questions about the pros and cons of monitoring response times of real user vs. synthetic transactions, also referred as passive vs. active monitoring, and whether one approach should be used over the other. The truth is both approaches are relevant and they complement each other. Here's why. Real user monitoring is obviously important because it measures the actual experience of actual end users. Despite of its appeal, however, it is not a one size fits all solution to measure the performance of an application. First, there can be a lot of noise in the actual end user response time data, which may make it difficult to determine the relative performance of an application over time. Usage pattern can vary a lot at different times, and the performance of transaction requests can vary a lot depending on the data that are processed. Consequently, we may end up with a lot of apple vs. oranges when trying to compare response time measurements. Second, real user monitoring only works only when there are real users on the system. For example, if there is no end user on the system at 2 a.m., data collected from real user monitoring won't tell if the application is working or not. On the other hand, synthetic transactions can be used even when real users are not around. Because the tests are well defined and their executions are controlled, it is also easier to do long term trending analysis to see if application performance has improved or degraded over time. Synthetic transactions do have their own shortcomings, however. First, unless carefully designed, the tests may not be representative of actual end user activities, reducing the usefulness of the measurements. Second, some synthetic transactions are very hard to create and may introduce noise into business data. While it is usually relatively easy to create query-based synthetic transactions, it is much harder to create transactions that create or update data. For example, if synthetic transactions are to test for successful checkouts on an e-commerce website, the tests must be constructed carefully so that the test orders are not mis-categorized as actual orders. As you can see, there are tradeoffs to both approaches, which are complementary. It is not real user vs. synthetic, it should be real user and synthetic.


text:
Tools & Supplies > Clay Drape and Slump Molds|
See Lesson Plan #21 for a project using a drape mold.
These plaster drape, hump, and slump molds are widely used in schools, institutions, the military and are particularly useful in the occupational therapy departments of hospitals. Available in 19 shapes and sizes, they can be used to make an unlimited number of forms including bowls, platters, planters, vases, masks, dishes, etc. Just drape a slab of clay over the top of the mold and let your originality do the rest.
Brent Slab Rollers create a perfect clay slab every time, click here to learn more!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Did you know?
notam - definition and synonyms
What are red words?
 1. From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary
 notice to airmen; an official announcement circulated to the aviation industry warning them of new high structures, such as cranes, that are being built
 If you want to erect a crane in London of any significant height... there is something called a Notam (Notice to Airmen)... it's a known value that the crane is there, they don't just erect them.
 Submitted from United Kingdom on 16/01/2013
BuzzWord Article
Open Dictionary
the activity of exploring abandoned buildings and other manmade structures
add a word
global English and language change from our blog
Macmillan learn live love play


What are peacock babies called?
Peacock babies are called peachicks, though you won't find any peachicks at Sacrewell as we only have male peacocks and no peahens.
We thought you might be interested to know the correct terms for the male, the female and the baby of some other animals that we have on the farm too.
Animal Adult male Adult female Young
peafowl peacock peahen peachick
pig boar sow piglet
cattle bull cow calf
chicken cockerel hen chick
sheep ram ewe lamb
goat billy nanny kid
horse or pony stallion mare foal
alpaca macho hembra cria
donkey jack jenny foal
guinea pig boar sow pup
rabbit buck doe kit
For some animals, farmers also use different words for adult animals which are used for breeding and adult animals which aren't. Here are two examples:
Animal Castrated male Breeding male Young female Breeding female
pig barrow boar gilt sow
cattle steer bull heifer cow
An adult male peacock displaying his fabulous feathers.


text:
6,000 Endangered Steppe Eagles find refuge within refuse dumps
If you wanted to see 6,000 Endangered eagles, a rubbish dump might not be the first place you'd think of looking. But conservationists in Saudi Arabia are working to make these unlikely havens safe for the birds that call them home.
Nowadays, it is increasingly rare and mesmerising to catch a glimpse of the majestic Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis. This large, powerful bird of prey was once considered the most common large eagle in the world, but has been tragically declining since 1997 – largely due to habitat loss – and since 2015 the species has been listed as Endangered. However, earlier this year, a few lucky conservationists got a sighting they didn't expect when they found around 6,700 Steppe Eagles at two rubbish dumps 170 kilometres north of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, scavenging on animal carcasses & remains of chickens from animal farms.
The adventure started when a team researching Steppe eagles wintering in Oman noticed that a large proportion of the satellite-tagged Steppe Eagles they were tracking were showing up near the town of Shaqra in central Saudi Arabia. Curious, the team reached out to birders in Saudi Arabia asking for their help. Mischa Keijmel, Technical Manager at an engineering firm, happily obliged.
When the new recruit embarked on this journey, he had no idea of the bonanza he was about to stumble upon. He visited two rubbish dumps located 12 kilometres apart; one is about nine kilometres from the town of Shaqra, and another six and a half kilometres southwest of the town of Ushaiqer. Upon his arrival at the first dump, he noticed many eagles standing on pylons – posing a direct risk of electrocution. Keijmel described the surroundings as "slightly undulating, barren plains covered with small rocks and devoid of vegetation" – an unlikely wildlife haven. "In this landscape, observations of large birds such as eagles can be made over several kilometres" says Keijmel, describing how he was able to get an accurate estimate of the number of eagles.
After a number of subsequent visits and repeat counts at the sites, Mischa and his cooperators confirmed up to 6,000 Steppe Eagles at Ushaiqer alone, 60-70% of which were adults. A further 1,200 were found at Shaqra. This is the largest gathering of this globally threatened species ever recorded anywhere in the world, and accounts for approximately 4.5-9% of the estimated global population.
The research in Oman that resulted in this find is a collaboration mainly between the Office for Conservation of Environment (Oman), AridLands (Oman), and International Avian Research (Austria), with funding from the Anglo-Omani Society (UK) and the Bernd Meyburg Foundation for Raptor Research and Conservation (Germany).
As luck would have it, at the same time an international team from the Egyptian Vulture New LIFE project, including the Saudi Wildlife Authority (SWA), BirdLife's Middle East office, BSPB (BirdLife in Bulgaria), and RSCN (BirdLife in Jordan), was in the region to survey threats to the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus (Endangered) and other birds of prey. Hearing about this latest discovery, they added the Steppe Eagle to their priority list.
Their research highlighted electrocution and collision with power lines as serious threats. Fifteen dead Steppe Eagles were found along just two kilometres of power line at the entrance of the dump in Ushaiqer, and several dozen more were found along four kilometres of power line near a third dump at Al Qunfudhah city. Under some of the killer poles, the remains of seven or eight individuals were found. Black Kites Milvus migrans, Booted Eagles Hieraaetus pennatus, Corncrakes Crex crex and other bird species were also found among the victims.
Furthermore, based on interviews with local people, the research team found that poisoned bait is commonly used to control predators such as feral dogs, wolves and hyenas. As if this wasn't dangerous enough, drugs like diclofenac – a painkiller for livestock, but toxic to vultures and eagles – were widespread in almost every veterinary pharmacy visited by researchers. Since local people traditionally dispose of deceased livestock out in nature, this poses a serious threat to scavengers.
"Although we were surprised to find such a large number of eagles at this previously unknown site, it highlights the possibility of a commensurately large tragedy occurring due to electrocution and poisoning events; such events have been seen in other locations", says Mike McGrady of International Avian Research.
However, despite these serious threats, there are also great opportunities for conservation and birdwatching – especially since such a huge concentration of eagles has the potential to generate popular interest in these areas. In November 2019, just after the expedition, the results were presented at an international workshop about Birds and Energy hosted by SWA in Riyadh. All attendees expressed their concern and agreed on the need for urgent actions to prevent further electrocution incidents, especially at major congregation sites.
"These findings highlight the utility of satellite tracking in discovering important sites for birds, and the benefits of international collaboration to identify and mitigate threats to migratory birds", says Professor Mohammed Shobrak from SWA.


Home Infrastructure Getting in the swing
Getting in the swing
Huge skies. That's what you get on the Norfolk Broads. Huge skies and flat landscapes. Not, perhaps, as flat as the Cambridgeshire Fens which seem almost concave, but nevertheless flat enough for you to see for miles. In the distance there can be sails moving slowly through the fields amongst the remains of drainage windmills. Those holiday makers intrepid enough to venture from the safe haven of the North Rivers to the wilder Southern Rivers – the Yare and the Waveney – will come across several iconic structures.
The Broadland swing bridges were built to accommodate tall trading vessels bound for Norwich or Beccles in Suffolk. Over the years several lines closed and with them three of the bridges – Aldeby and Haddiscoe over the Waveney and the huge Breydon Water swing bridge. But despite the closures, Network Rail still owns four swing bridges in the Anglia area, Trowse, Reedham, Somerleyton and Oulton Broad – all of which must be able to open for river traffic – a requirement of the original acts of parliament.
Challenging mixture of disciplines
Bob Chatten is Network Rail's electrification and plant maintenance engineer and is responsible for all the swing bridges. They are a challenging mixture of disciplines. They carry track that has to return to a safe state after each bridge opening. The basic load carrying structures are conventional bridges, the lifting and swinging components are mechanical plant. They are also linked into the signalling system and are operated by signallers who have to be trained to open and close them. The Trowse structure also carries overhead line electrification – a unique feature in the UK.
Trowse
Swing bridges can be either very simple structures with fiendishly complex controls or they can be complex structures whose operation is simplicity itself.
Trowse is the youngest and simplest structure and is just outside Norwich station. It spans the river Wensum just before it flows into the Yare – the river that flows out to sea at Yarmouth. It's several years since the last coastal freighter berthed in the centre of Norwich. Holiday and leisure craft are now all that need to have the bridge swung.
The present structure was built in 1986 at the time of the electrification of the Ipswich to Norwich section of the Great Eastern main line. It seemed like a good idea to restrict it to a single track – hindsight is a wonderful luxury! It's a compact structure. The bridge swings on a pivot at the river's edge. To reduce encroachment into the river bank it has a short landward span with a massive counterweight slung underneath to counter-balance the river span.
Like all of the swing bridges, when they are open to rail traffic they sit solidly on both landward bearings and the pivot pier.
This poses the question – how are they freed from these bearings so that they can be swung with a minimum of effort. The answer is that they have to be jacked up clear of their bearings.
The Norwich structure uses brute force. The whole bridge is lifted at the pivot, chocked and then swung clear of the river.
Obliterated electronics
Up to 2008 all was well. Then came a violent thunderstorm and a lightning strike completely obliterated the electronic control system of the hydraulics. The bridge was stuck – shut to the river. Bearing in mind that the original electronics were of 1980s vintage it proved very difficult to carry out like-for-like repairs. In fact, the damage was so great that the whole of the control gear had to be rebuilt from scratch.
In conjunction with Converteam UK Ltd it has taken several years of trial and error to build a new control system. There is very little time during the night both to experiment with settings and to return the bridge to a serviceable condition before the early morning London trains are due.
There are a large number of stages involved in opening a bridge with overhead line electrification – which has to be isolated – that is linked into colour light signalling and that carries around eight trains an hour. The hydraulic jacks have to operate to millimetre accuracy and all have to be detected.
Once the structure is airborne and clear of encumbrances it can be spun by hydraulic motors. The jacks and transducers are located in the counterweight swing pit and controlled from the operating room beneath the signalbox. The sequences are controlled by banks of computers.
With a completely refurbished control system the bridge is close to being fully operational. The bridge isolates itself, lifts clear of the bearings and swings smoothly and silently.
Complicated structures
It is easy to misinterpret the structures of the old swingbridges at Reedham, Somerleyton and Oulton Broad. Dominating the skyline are slender steel sections that rise above the central piers giving the impression that they are involved in carrying the trains. They're not of course, they're much too slender. A Victorian Broadland swingbridge consists of two separate elements within the moving bridge. There are the track/train carrying structures both of which are over the river – one span over the navigable section and one over the non-navigable section. There is also a cradle (the visibly dominant bit) that carries these two spans when the bridge is open to river traffic.
To complicate matters slightly, the track carrying structures have supports at their midpoints in the cradle so that they can pivot a small amount vertically when their ends are free.
To free the track span from the landward bearings, heavy steel chocks are drawn out from under the span ends on the central pier allowing them to drop slightly as they pivot about their mid-point supports in the cradle. Thus the landward ends rise clear of their bearings.
Once clear, the bridge is hauled round by a steel hawser that is powered by a very simple and ancient clutch operated winding gear. It is the skill of the signaller that ensures that the hawser is operated smoothly so ensuring a gentle landing when the bridge is hauled back into position. To the river-user the bridge moves completely silently and remarkably quickly.
No repair manual
These structures, although simple, can pose tricky engineering challenges. There's no manual on how to replace worn parts. Several generations can pass between major repairs and so there'll be nobody to pass on knowledge. When the central bearing on Somerleyton swing bridge started to seize it required some very careful, first principals engineering to coax the bridge back into life. There are jockey wheels around the perimeter of the central pier to steady the swing operation. When it was found that some of these were floating above the steel tracking ring this too indicated that all was not well with the bearing alignment. For such large structures Bob says that they work on extremely fine tolerances.
At the time of writing, Kier with subcontractors Sonic Rail Services were on site at Somerleyton gently nurturing the new bearing during it's long commissioning period, and also putting in some strategic improvements. There will be ancillary manual plant to haul the bridge back into position if the aging winding gear becomes overloaded. Of course, this isn't straightforward on a river bank sitting on vast quantities of silt.
Historic seawater pumps
The Oulton Broad swing bridge which is on the seaward side of the Oulton Broad lock is rarely seen by the general run-of-the-mill Broadland holiday makers. If they've got that far they're definitely out of bounds. This is a slightly smaller structure than the others but operates on similar principles. In October it is scheduled to have its historic seawater hydraulic pumps and its equally ancient winding gear replaced by modern equivalents. This follows a very successful Civil's refurbishment a couple of years ago.
Whole life management strategy
In the winter months the bridges at Somerleyton and Reedham are operated fairly infrequently. Only truly hardy sailors venture on the Southern rivers at this time of year. But a new holiday season has just started and they will be left open to river traffic, only closing just before a train is due. By the end of this financial year, Network Rail will have finished all essential planned works. In parallel though, they will be carrying out a review to decide on the whole life management strategy for Reedham and Somerleyton. But for now these extraordinary structures will continue to open and close silently over the tidal Broadland waters whatever the weather.
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Hatfield remembered, twenty years on
Twenty years ago, on 17 October 2000, a train derailed just south of Hatfield station while travelling at around 115mph. Four people...


Piano Lesson, The
1 Nominations
The Piano Lesson poster
1930's Pittsburgh, a brother comes home to claim "my half of the piano", a family heirloom; but his sister is not wanting to part with it. This is a glimpse of the conditions for African-Americans as well as some of the attitudes and influences on their lives. But whether he is able to sell the piano so that he can get enough money to buy some property and "no longer have to work for someone else" involves the story (or lesson) that the piano has to show him.
Season 1
Golden Globe Awards
1996 Nominee
1996 Nominee
Best Actor - Television Motion Picture
Charles S. Dutton


# PHP example
In this example, we add authentication and access control to a PHP application.
To demonstrate both authentication and access control, our application will have several routes:
Route Description File
/ Home page (index.php) (opens new window)
/protected.php User dashboard, for logged in users only (opens new window)
/admin.php Admin dashboard, for admins only (opens new window)
/login.php Login page (opens new window)
/reset.php Password reset page (opens new window)
We cover each route below, along with an interactive sample at the end.
# Sample on PHP sandbox
Sandbox with code (opens new window)
Live demo (opens new window) (you may need to visit the sandbox first to "wake up" the demo server)
# PHP authentication
At a high level, PHP authentication is structured in 2 parts:
 1. Send an initial request to Userfront to get the JWT access token and save it as a cookie. This is what the signup and login forms do.
 2. Send the JWT access token as a cookie to your server with each subsequent request. To verify the JWT access token, we will use the PHP-JWT library (opens new window)
PHP authentication diagram
# Logged in vs. logged out
When someone new visits the Home page, they should see a signup form.
When a user is logged in and visits the Home page, they should see navigation to visit the dashboard, as well as a button to logout.
# Redirects
In the event that the user does not have access to a page, we want to redirect them:
If the user visits Redirect to
/protected.php when not logged in /login.php
/admin.php when not an admin /protected.php
TIP
With Userfront, a logged in user will have a JWT access token saved in their cookies as .
In this example, we use access.pn4qwpby
# Public route
For showing and hiding simple things that are not sensitive, we can check whether the user has a JWT access token.

<?php
// Read the JWT access token from the cookies
$tenantId = 'pn4qwpby';
if (isset($_COOKIE['access_' . $tenantId])) {
 $jwt = $_COOKIE['access_' . $tenantId];
}
$hasAccessToken = isset($jwt);
?>
If the user does have a token present, we can display items as though they are logged in, and if not, we can display items as though they are logged out.
Note
Checking for the presence of the JWT access token should only be used for showing or hiding non-sensitive items. For sensitive data, verify the JWT access token as described below.
For this site, we show a link to the dashboard if logged in, and we show the signup form if logged out.

<?php
if ($hasAccessToken) {
 echo '
';
 echo '
Dashboard
';
 echo '
Password reset
';
 echo '
';
 echo '
<button>Logout</button>';
} else {
 echo 'Login';
 echo '';
 echo '

';
}
?>
For any sensitive information, we want to protect our routes as described next.
# Preview
Logged in home page:
Logged out home page:
# Protected route
To protect a route in PHP, we need to verify that the JWT access token is valid and has not expired.
To verify our JWT access token, we can use the account's JWT public key.
We will use the open source PHP-JWT (opens new window) library to verify our JWT access tokens. We can install this library with composer:
composer require firebase/php-jwt
TIP
You can find your JWT public key in the Settings section of your dashboard.
Be sure to use your test mode key when in test mode, and your live mode key when in live mode.
If the JWT access token is not present or is invalid, we redirect to /login.php. Otherwise, we display the dashboard page.

<?php
// Use the PHP-JWT library _URL_
// Installed first with "composer require firebase/php-jwt"
require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';
use \Firebase\JWT\JWT;
// Read the JWT access token from the cookies
$tenantId = 'pn4qwpby';
$jwt = $_COOKIE['access_' . $tenantId];
// If the JWT access token is not set, redirect to login page
if (!isset($jwt)) {
 header("Location: /login.php");
 die();
}
$publicKey = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----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-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";
// Verify the JWT access token using the public key.
// If it is not valid, remove all cookies and redirect to /login.php
try {
 $decoded = JWT::decode($jwt, $publicKey, array('RS256'));
 $roles = $decoded->authorization->$tenantId->roles;
 $isAdmin = in_array('admin', $roles);
} catch (Exception $e) {
 setcookie("access_" . $tenantId, "", time() - 3600);
 setcookie("id_" . $tenantId, "", time() - 3600);
 header("Location: /login.php");
 die();
}
?>

 <meta charset="utf-8">
 <title>Dashboard</title>


text:
This paper discusses tetrahedra with rational edges forming a geometric progression, focussing on whether they can have rational volume or rational face areas. We examine the 30 possible configurations of such tetrahedra and show that no face of any of these has rational area. We show that 28 of these configurations cannot have rational volume, and in the remaining two cases there are at most six possible examples, and none have been found.
Journal of Number Theory Vol. 128, Issue 2, p. 251-262


text:
Assume that $E\subset F$ and that $E$ and $F$ are fields. Also, say $[E:F]=p$, where $p$ is a prime. If $a$ is any element of $F\setminus E$. Show that $F=E(a)$.
I'm pretty unsure of how to approach this.
Degrees are multiplicative: $$ [F : E] = [F : E(a)][E(a) : E]. $$ See Proposition 1.20 of Milne's notes for a proof. What can you say about $[E(a) : E]$ now?


Travelling Delivery Person
Frederic Edward Xavier runs a very successful delivery company called FredEX. He's been looking at driving records lately, and is not happy with the costs of delivery.
He has made the following estimations:
 - Driving from one intersection to the neighboring one costs $B$ dollars
 - Going straight through an intersection costs $S$ dollars
 - Turning right in an intersection costs $R$ dollars
 - Turning left in an intersection costs $L$ dollars
 - Delivering a package is free, but you still pay the cost for the turn/going straight in that intersection.
FredEX operates in a city where the streets make up an infinite grid of square blocks, with intersections numbered from $(-\infty,-\infty )$ to $(\infty,\infty )$. Lower numbers on the $x$ axis are to the left, and lower numbers on the $y$ axis are down. The truck starts at the intersection $(0, 0)$ but you may choose which direction it should face. There are $N$ packages that must be delivered in a specific order. The truck cannot go in reverse, and cannot perform U-turns to go back the way it came. Help Frederic find out the cheapest way to deliver all $N$ packages.
The first line of the input is a line with five space-separated integers $B$, $S$, $R$, $L$ and $N$.
Then follow $N$ lines, each with two space-separated integers $X_ i$ and $Y_ i$, the $x$ and $y$ coordinates of the intersection for delivering package number $i$. The packages are listed in the order they must be delivered.
Output the minimum cost of delivering all packages.
 - $1 \leq S, R, L, B \leq 100$
 - $1 \leq N \leq 30\, 000$
 - $-5 \leq X_ i, Y_ i \leq 5$
Sample Input 1 Sample Output 1
1 1 1 10 2
2 2
1 2


text:
Molecular Biology and Genetics
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Xylocopa violacea
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
Xylocopa violacea, the violet carpenter bee, Indian Bhanvra is the common European species of carpenter bee, and one of the largest bees in Europe. Like most members of the genus Xylocopa, it makes its nests in dead wood.
It is not particularly aggressive and will attack only if forced to. It is sometimes mistaken for the European hornet. This species is well known in India as the 'Bhanvra'.
In 2006 it was reported from Cardigan and 2007 it was found breeding in England for the first time in Leicestershire, this follows a northwards expansion of its range in France and Germany and breeding in the Channel Islands and in 2010 it was also recorded in Northamptonshire and Worcestershire.
Violet Carpenter Bees hibernate overwinter and they emerge in the spring, usually around April or May. Hibernation is undertaken by the adults in wood where there are abandoned nest tunnels. In the late spring or early summer, they may be seen around searching for mates and suitable nesting sites. After mating, the gravid queens bore tunnels in dead wood, which is where the name Carpenter Bee comes from,although old nest tunnels may be used. Like other solitary bees, the queen creates the nest alone. The eggs are laid within a series of small cells, each of which is supplied with a pollen ball for the larvae to feed upon. The adults emerge in late summer then hibernate until the following year.
|This bee-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
EOL content is automatically assembled from many different content providers. As a result, from time to time you may find pages on EOL that are confusing.
To request an improvement, please leave a comment on the page. Thank you!


Prerender components
Prerender components
To optimize your user's experience when ThoughtSpot is embedded into your application, we recommend using the prerender method.
Prerender🔗
You can load ThoughtSpot components that are not specific to the user's session before your application user accesses the embedded content. With this, the amount of ThoughtSpot assets left to load when the user accesses the embedded content is reduced.
When to use prerender🔗
Use prerender in the following cases:
 - if you have applications that do not have ThoughtSpot on the landing page.
 - if you are embedding ThoughtSpot Liveboards in your applications.
How it works🔗
Pre-render allows developers to pre-load the ThoughtSpot application in the background before the user navigates to the embedded content.
It allows you to create a placeholder element on the page for the Liveboard to eventually populate. To preload components, you must place this element into a section of your application that will be viewed before the Liveboard. For example, it is common for analytics applications to have a custom-built landing page that directs users to relevant pieces of embedded content. This would be an ideal place to preload the component, so the frame is ready to render by the time the user clicks on a specific link.
The following figure illustrates the benefits of the pre-render method:
prerender
How to implement prerender🔗
Depending on the framework and project, you can implement this using Standard JavaScript or React.
Standard JS🔗
If using Javascript:
 1. Create a container for the Liveboard and a placeholder.
 For this approach, you require two containers:
 - a div container with absolute position. This will eventually be used to render the Liveboard.
 - a placeholder div. This is the container designated for the Liveboard, which you will set as the primary embed container in your application code. When it is time to load a Liveboard, move the prerender div on top of the placeholder div.

 #prerender{
 position: absolute;
 opacity: 0;
 left: 0;
 top: 0;
 height: 0;
 width: 0;
 }
 2. PreRender ThoughtSpot
 Inside the prerender div, you can create a placeholder for Liveboard embedding. Before calling the Liveboard GUID, call prerenderGeneric to start the load process for the primary embed and transfer the bulk of the information needed by ThoughtSpot to the client browser.
 let renderDiv = document.getElementById("prerender");
 let embed = new LiveboardEmbed(renderDiv, {
 frameParams: {
 height: "1200px"
 }
 });
 embed.prerenderGeneric();
 3. Render the embedded Liveboard
 When it is time for the user to view a specific liveboard, move the prerender div onto the placeholder, and instruct the Liveboard Embed to load the required content. To do this, use the navigateToLiveboard function on the embed object:
 //Navigate embed container to new liveboard id

 let liveboardID = "16b8c2e2-edfc-4e42-8827-98387f384b1b"
 embed.navigateToLiveboard(liveboardID)

 //Obtain the current bounds of the placeholder element
 let placeholderDiv = document.getElementById("placeholder");
 const coords = placeholderDiv.getBoundingClientRect();
 const offset = getOffset(placeholderDiv);

 //Move the renderer into those bounds
 renderDiv.style.opacity = 1;
 renderDiv.style.top = offset.top;
 renderDiv.style.left = offset.left;
 renderDiv.style.width = coords.width;
 renderDiv.style.height = coords.height;

 function getOffset(el) {
 var _x = 0;
 var _y = 0;
 while (el && !isNaN(el.offsetLeft) && !isNaN(el.offsetTop)) {
 _x += el.offsetLeft - el.scrollLeft;
 _y += el.offsetTop - el.scrollTop;
 el = el.offsetParent;
 }
 return { top: _y, left: _x };
 }
React🔗
If using React, make sure the container is not continuously reloaded with state changes. You can use a context provider to achieve this. For more information, see _URL_
const prerenderdLiveboardContext = createContext<any>({});
This approach requires two containers. The first is a div with absolute position. This will eventually be used to render the liveboard.
The second is a placeholder. This is the container designated for the Liveboard, which you will set as the primary embed container in your application code. When loading the Liveboard, move the prerender div on top of the placeholder div.
 1. Create render shell
 This is a div element with absolute position. Use context variables to control the div's visibility and coordinate position. This div also holds the embedded Liveboard, and the liveboardId is set by the respective context variable.
 By default, this div will be invisible and placed into a corner of the page (0 coordinates), with no liveboardId.
 export const PrerenderedLiveboardShell = () => {

 const ref = useRef(null);
 const lb = useRef<LiveboardEmbed | null>(null);
 const { isVisible, liveboardId, coords } = useContext(
 prerenderdLiveboardContext
 );

 return (

 );
 }
 2. Pre-render the embed container
 1. Create a Liveboard embed within this div.
 2. Before calling the Liveboard GUID, call prerenderGeneric to start the load process for the primary embed and transfer the bulk of the information needed by ThoughtSpot to render content to the client browser.
 3. Pass an empty array into useEffect.
 useEffect(() => {
 if (!ref.current) {
 return;
 }
 lb.current = new LiveboardEmbed(ref.current, {
 frameParams: {
 height: "1200px"
 }
 });
 lb.current.prerenderGeneric();
 }, []);
 3. Navigate to Liveboard
 Update the render container when the user is ready to view the Liveboard. For this, use the previously defined context variable that sets the liveboardId, and leverage useEffect to register the changes to this ID. When the Liveboard ID is updated, render the new Liveboard by using the navigateToLiveboard function:
 useEffect(() => {
 if (!liveboardId) {
 return;
 }
 lb.current?.navigateToLiveboard(liveboardId);
 }, [liveboardId]);
 4. Create context provider
 To manage context variables and render the shell we next need to create a provider component:
 export const PrerenderdLiveboardProvider = ({ children }) => {
 const [isVisible, setIsVisible] = useState(false);
 const [liveboardId, setLiveboardId] = useState();
 const [coords, setCoords] = useState({
 left: 0,
 top: 0,
 height: 0,
 width: 0
 });
 return (
 <prerenderdLiveboardContext.Provider
 value={{
 isVisible,
 setIsVisible,
 liveboardId,
 setLiveboardId,
 coords,
 setCoords
 }}
 >
 {children}
 <PrerenderedLiveboardShell />
 </prerenderdLiveboardContext.Provider>
 );
 };
 5. Add this code to your application
 In this example, the primary content is in a component named LiveboardBrowser. It includes a list of different liveboards that a user can choose from, and a space on the page to render the Liveboard. The IDs are hard-coded in this example. However, you can populate this via a REST call.
 init({
 thoughtSpotHost: "_URL_
 authType: AuthType.None, // AuthType.Passthrough
 })

 function App() {
 return (

 <PrerenderdLiveboardProvider>
 <LiveboardBrowser></LiveboardBrowser>
 </PrerenderdLiveboardProvider>

 );
 }
 6. Render a Liveboard
 1. Set our context variables
 2. Specify the GUID of the Liveboard
 3. Set coordinates for the element the shell will overlay
 4. Set visibility to true.
 function toggleLiveboardSelect(e


text:
The Transition Academy offers a variety of tailor made workshops, trainings and learning trajectories for organisations and (local) governments, based on our extensive experience in post-academic education. A tailor made course can enable a group of employees to embark on a collective learning journey, develop their personal competencies and boost your organisations capacity to actively engage and respond to societal transitions.
We have worked with many (local) governments in the Netherlands, Norway and Germany, with institutes such as the IRTA research institute in Barcelona, and several organisations in health care, education, water management, construction and culture to create tailor made courses.
"The training helped us to take a step back from our daily routine and project-based way of working. Instead, we focused on our long-term ambitions and position in the field of education and on the paths we need to follow to succeed. In addition, the course helped us to establish a common language and conceptual framework, and helped us sharpen our approach."
For more information about customized in company workshops en trainings, please contact Marieke Verhagen at: _EMAIL_
For a one or two day workshop, we offer a number of basic modules. These modules are flexible, which is to say they can be adjusted and fine-tuned to the specific needs of the participants and the commissioning organisation. The timespan of each module can vary from 30 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the amount of time available and the degree of interaction. If participants are not yet familiar with the subject matter of transitions and/or transition management we advise to incorporate the first two introductory modules in the programme.
- Introduction Transition Thinking
- Introduction Transition Management
- The Transition Arena
- Participative Methods in Transition Management
- Urban Transition Management
- The Energy Transition
- Bottom-Up: The Role of Citizens and Social Entrepreneurs in Transition
- Power and Empowerment in Transitions
- Democracy en Legitimation in Transitions
Terug naar Academy


How Much Metal is Too Much in Transmission Fluid?
Metal in transmission fluid is never a good thing. In fact, it can be downright dangerous. How much metal is too much? And how do you know if your transmission fluid has too much metal in it? Keep reading to find out!
What Are Metal Shavings in Transmission Fluid?
If you take a look at your transmission fluid, you may notice some small metal shavings floating around in it. These metal shavings come from the transmission itself and are completely normal. Every time your transmission shifts gears, metal shavings are produced.
Over time, these metal shavings can build up and start to clog your transmission filter. When this happens, your transmission fluid can't do its job properly and your transmission can start to overheat. That's why it's important to check your transmission fluid regularly and change it according to your manufacturer's recommendations.
pictures of metal shavings in transmission
What Causes Metal Shavings in Transmission Fluid?
There are a few different things that can cause metal shavings in transmission fluid:
Wear and Tear
Over time, your transmission will start to wear down and produce metal shavings. This is normal, and nothing to be concerned about unless you start to see an excessive amount of metal in your fluid.
Transmission Damage
If your transmission is damaged, it can cause metal shavings to enter the fluid. This is a serious problem and you should take your car to a mechanic as soon as possible if you think this may be the case.
Poor Quality Transmission Fluid
If you don't use good quality transmission fluid, it can break down and turn into metal shavings. This is why it's important to use the type of transmission fluid recommended by your car manufacturer.
Not Changing Transmission Fluid Regularly
If you don't change your transmission fluid regularly, the metal shavings can build up and clog your transmission filter. This can cause your transmission to overheat and fail.
Accelerating The Engine Quickly
If you accelerate the engine too quickly, it can cause metal shavings to enter the transmission fluid. This is why it's important to drive smoothly and avoid quick acceleration.
How Much Metal is Too Much in Transmission Fluid?
If you're seeing metal shavings in your transmission fluid, it's important to take action right away. The amount of metal in your transmission fluid will increase over time, and if it gets too high it can cause your transmission to fail.
How Much Metal is Too Much in Transmission Fluid?
How do you know if there's too much metal in your transmission fluid?
Here are a few signs to look out for:
 - Dark, cloudy, or gritty-looking transmission fluid
 - Transmission fluid that smells burnt
 - Shifting problems
 - Transmission overheating
 - Leaks in the transmission
If you notice any of these signs, it's important to take your car to a mechanic as soon as possible. They will be able to check the level of metal in your transmission fluid and, if necessary, replace your transmission.
Don't let too much metal in your transmission fluid cause your car to break down.
Pictures of Metal Shavings in Transmission Pan
How to Remove Metal Shavings from Transmission Fluid?
If you're seeing metal shavings in your transmission fluid, there are a few things you can do to remove them. First, check your transmission fluid level and make sure it's full. If it's low, add more transmission fluid.
Next, use a magnet to remove any metal shavings from the fluid. You can find magnets at most hardware stores. Just hold the magnet over your transmission fluid and it will attract the metal shavings.
Finally, change your transmission fluid according to your manufacturer's recommendations. This will help remove any remaining metal shavings and prevent them from building up in your transmission.
If you're still seeing metal shavings in your transmission fluid after doing all of this, take your car to a mechanic. They will be able to diagnose the problem and make any necessary repairs.
Don't let metal shavings ruin your transmission. With a little bit of effort, you can remove them and keep your car running smoothly.
How to Prevent Metal Shavings in Transmission Fluid?
The best way to prevent metal shavings in transmission fluid is to change your transmission fluid regularly. This will help remove any metal that's already in the fluid and prevent new metal from entering.
It's also important to use good quality transmission fluid. This will help keep your transmission clean and prevent metal shavings from forming.
Finally, be careful when accelerating the engine. If you do it too quickly, it can cause metal shavings to enter the transmission fluid. So, drive smoothly and avoid quick acceleration.
By following these tips, you can keep your transmission running smoothly and prevent metal shavings from ruining it.
Final Words
Metal in transmission fluid is never a good thing. If you see metal shavings in your fluid, it's important to take action right away. The best way to remove metal shavings from your transmission fluid is to use a magnet. You can also change your transmission fluid regularly to prevent metal shavings from forming.
Be careful when accelerating the engine, as this can cause metal shavings to enter the transmission fluid. By following these tips, you can keep your transmission running smoothly.
Do you have any other tips for preventing or removing metal shavings from transmission fluid? Let us know in the comments below!
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text:
Towards Performance Based Standards in Sweden
Paper in proceedings, 2014
The large increase in the goods transport demands, the growing congestion problem and the environmental concerns over transportation emissions and fuel consumption, make High Capacity Transport (HCT) vehicles an attractive alternative to the conventional heavy vehicle combinations on the roads in Sweden; an alternative which would also result in significant economic benefits. In order to introduce HCT vehicles in Sweden, the existing regulations should be modified and a proper way of regulating HCT vehicles and their access to the road network should be developed to ensure that a certified HCT vehicle would not have negative effects on traffic safety, infrastructure and environment. One possible solution is application of performance based standards (PBS); this paper presents a project called "Performance Based Standards for High Capacity Transports in Sweden" which investigates applicability of PBS to Swedish conditions. The project started in November 2013 and is planned to be completed by the end of 2016.
High capacity transports
Long truck combinations


text:
Microstructure profiles from the N/O Pourquoi Pas? are done! This instrument, operated by Francesco Falcieri coming from an Italian Institute based in Venice (CNR-ISMAR), will be moved onto the RV SOCIB during our port call in Almeria on April 3rd.
The profiler free-falls vertically through the water column to measure very small vibrations at scales of centimetres. Scientists used those measurements to infer turbulence activity in the ocean that mixes water irreversibly. But the profiler also measures other variables, such as temperature, conductivity, turbidity and fluorescence. We collected 43 profiles over this first week – with more to come from the RV SOCIB!
-MD[folder-gallery fid="16″ columns="1″ orderby="rml" size="full"]


text:
If an applicant has a university entrance qualification (e.g. advanced school-leaving certificate, master craftsman's certificate) combined with artistic talent, he or she is eligible to apply to study on the art degree programmes at the Kunsthochschule. Evidence of artistic talent must be provided in an art entrance examination. Applicants without a university entrance qualification may also apply and will be admitted, providing they show evidence of outstanding artistic talent in the art entrance examination.
Apart from the above-mentioned requirements, we welcome applicants who have already been able to acquire diverse life experience in the context of a work placement, a study programme, a professional training scheme or a stay abroad prior to studying art.
Applicants can commence their studies as of the winter semester or as of the summer semester. The entrance examination is the first occasion on which applicants bring and present their portfolio. Registration for the entrance examination must be received by 30 April or 1 December, respectively, of the year in question (date of the postmark).
Ideally, you will have compiled your portfolio so as to provide information about your personality, development and knowledge. You are, in principle, free to decide on the format and working method.
Your personal presentation within the entrance examination can consist of a selection of two-dimensional and three-dimensional works, sketches, drawings, watercolours, photographs, drafts, a performance or similar. In compiling your works, you should, however, bear in mind that preliminary drafts, sketches and preparatory drawings for a work often permit more conclusions about your ways of thinking and approaches than an image of the finished work is able to convey.
In addition to creative and compositional questions, we are interested in your artistic concepts and your personal motivation, as well as your engagement with contemporary developments and trends in present-day art. Your presentation should include around 15 to 20 works. We do not recommend portfolio courses.
It is now possible to apply for the degree programme in Visual Arts not only for the beginning of the programme in the winter semester, but also for the summer semester.
Registration for the entrance examination for the degree programme in Visual Arts must be received by 1 December (date of the postmark).


text:
Mel Bay How to Play Drum from Day One DVD
Studio musician and percussion editor Jim Payne presents this outstanding video on the basics of rock & blues drumming, assigning'singing drum sounds' or solfege syllables to the five basic components of the drumset. Payne addresses holding the sticks, playing the bass drum, and traditional notation and singing syllables of the hi-hat, bass drum, cymbals and toms. Introducing rock and blues tunes with various grooves and tempos, he stresses an awareness of song form in maintaining one's place in a piece of music. All on-screen samples are written in both standard notation and drum sounds. With the three-camera filming technique making every precise move easy to follow.


text:
The laser cutting machine itself uses a flying optical path system. During long-term work, the optical path will have a slight deviation, which will have a great impact on the cutting effect. Therefore, it is very necessary to check the light path and adjust it regularly. How to adjust the optical path of the laser cutting machine? Have you got these tips?
- 1. Check whether the laser can hit the first reflecting lens, if not, adjust the position of the first lens.
- 2. Check whether the laser can hit the second and third mirrors. If not, adjust the M1, M2, and M3 screws behind the upper mirror.
- 3. Move the laser head to the upper left corner and hit a laser spot to see if it is in the same position as the spot hit on the upper right corner. If not, adjust the M1, M2, and M3 screws of the second reflector to make the hit spot match The point in the upper right corner is in the same position.
- 4. Paste at least two layers of double-sided adhesive on the light entrance of the laser lens barrel, move the laser head to the upper right corner of the table and press the TEST button on the control panel to hit a laser spot.
- 5. Move the laser head to the lower left corner, observe whether the dot is at the same position as the upper right corner, and adjust the second reflector.
- 6. Repeat the adjustments described in 4 and 5 above, so that the three final laser dots hit the same position.
- 7. Check whether the focus is in the center: Put a mirror below the focusing lens, and place a transparent plastic machining sheet close to the lens barrel under the lens barrel (ie, hold it in hand) and press the TEST button to hit the laser to see if the laser spot hits the focusing lens. center of. Be careful of laser burns when holding the plastic sheet, and do not put your hands in the vertical plane of the lens.
Get the above seven tips to ensure that we adjust the optical path of the laser cutting machine. For us, the adjustment of the optical path of the laser cutting machine is very important, but his adjustment process is also very complicated, so we are setting It should be careful enough, only careful settings can ensure the accuracy of the fiber laser cutting equipment is the best.


pumpkinseed sunfish
The pumpkinseed is one of the most colorful of the North American sunfish. Pumpkinseed sunfish have an orange or reddish breast and belly.
The back and sides are brown to green, marked with patterns of orange, yellow, blue, and greens. Speckling of the flanks is interspersed with a pattern of dark vertical bands and wavy stripes.
Pumpkinseed are usually found in shallow areas of farm ponds, small lakes and slow moving creeks. Like most sunfish, pumpkinseed seek out aquatic vegetation or submerged brush and are seldom found in open water.
Groups of young pumpkinseed sunfish school close to shore, but adults tend to travel in groups of 2-4 in slightly deeper areas where cover can be found.
Pumpkinseed are known for developing a home territory. If fish are captured and moved within a body of water, adults often migrate back to their original location.
Sunfish Poster
Related Information
Fish Species
What Do Sunfish Eat?
Hybrid Sunfish


text:
|"||At the feet of the trees, and all about the green hillsides the grass was studded with small golden flowers shaped like stars.||"|
–The Fellowship of the Ring, Lothlórien
Elanor is a commonly appearing, yellow, star-shaped flower found spawning naturally in the Elvish realm of Lothlórien. The word Elanor means Sun-Star in Sindarin. They can be bought from a Galadhrim trader.
Elanor flowers can be crafted into yellow dye.
- Sam Gamgee's first child was named after this flower.
- The look of Elanor was changed in Public Beta 29 to a more slender and elegant form (the old form is shown below).
The Tolkien Gateway has an article on:
The One Wiki to Rule Them All has an article on:
Black Iris •


text:
If you have just started on SimplePay, you will see one blank payslip setup screen, which is divided into three sections:
These are those items that relate to all payslips. All payslips will have a field for Basic Salary automatically added – click on this to get started:
- For salaried employees, it will be their salary for the period. If it is a shortened period, e.g. where someone started work during the month, you should still enter the full salary, as the system will automatically calculate the pro-rata amount based on their appointment date.
- For hourly paid employees, enter their hourly rate – you will enter the hours worked under Payslip Inputs (discussed below).
Other regular items such as travel allowance, pension fund and employer loans can be added by clicking Add (next to Regular Inputs). If the item you are looking for is not there, you may need to add a custom item. More information about custom items can be found in the following article:
These are items that are periodic (e.g. hours worked) or specific to a particular payslip (e.g. expense claim). SimplePay has a variety of system items, which you can add by clicking Add (next to Payslip Inputs). As with the regular items above, you can create custom items (linked to above).
More information about entering employee hours can be found in the following article:
SimplePay automatically calculates statutory deductions for PAYE and UIF and you will see these in the Payslip block, along with all of the other items you added above. Once you are happy with what you see in the Payslip block, you have the following options:
- Preview will open a PDF preview of the payslip, which will also contain the automatically calculated employer contributions for UIF and any other applicable amounts such as SDL and pension contributions.
- Tax will show you the tax trace – an explanation of how the tax for the period was calculated.
- Notes allows you to add notes to specific items on the payslip if extra information is required.
- The Finalise button saves your changes and generates the next period's payslip. It also removes the stamp saying "Draft" to indicate that the document is now a final document and no longer a draft. Don't panic, though – you can always go back and make changes to the latest finalised payslip by clicking the Undo Finalise button.


BAPACK
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Branch Always Packer 1.00
=========================
(C) Branch Always Software, 1990. All rights reserved.
released: January 19, 1990
The file BAPACK.ACC and this text file make up the BA Pack 1.00 release.
This is a freeware release, and may be used by all Atari ST users. The
software may be copied freely. It may not be modified, disassembled, or
used for commercial purposes.
What is BA Pack?
================
BA Pack is an executable program packer. It takes an existing program,
which may have a .PRG, .TOS, .TTP, or .ACC extender, and creates a file
which is smaller but still remains executable. This frees up disk space,
and allows more programs to fit on a floppy disk or hard disk. Desk
accessories as well as normal applications can be packed.
For example, the size of Flash 1.6 drops from 135K to 97K, a savings of
about 38K of disk space. Calamus drops in size by about 80K. The larger
the program, the more the savings. Typical programs will compress to
about 50% to 80% of their original size. BAPACK.ACC itself is packed.
On a standard 360K single sided floppy disk, it is usually possible to
free up about 100K of disk space, simply by packing the programs on the
disk.
We tested BA Pack on dozens of different programs, like Flash, Calamus,
Word Writer, ST Writer, Tempus, Laser C, ARC, ARC Shell, Quick ST, etc,
and all the programs worked perfectly when packed.
The reason that BA Pack was written in the first place was to allow
us to put more files on our upcoming software releases. We looked at
several alternatives:
 - use a double sided 720K disk - 520ST users would kick and scream
 - self extracting ARCs - this requires more disk space for extraction
 - ARC the files - this requires ARC.TTP (which eats more disk space)
 and some people may not be familiar with ARC.
 - use two disks - this raises the price of the software
All 4 of the above alternatives were unacceptable, so BA Pack was written.
Differences between PACKing and ARCing
======================================
A program packer is slightly different than a normal ARCing program.
The two main characteristics of a file compression program are the
efficiency of compression, and the speed of decompression (or unpacking).
Programs like LHARC offer very good compression of files, but they take
a long time to do the decompression. A program like ARC is slightly
faster but doesn't compress as well. BA Pack is even faster than ARC,
but does not compress as efficiently. The reason is simple. A packed
program must unpack very quickly, otherwise it will annoy users if they
have to wait a minute or two each time they double click on a program.
So there is a tradeoff between compression efficiency and pack/unpack time.
BA Pack performs the packing and unpacking operations entierly in memory,
so it is extremely fast, but as a result, the packed programs are larger
than what could be obtained by using ARC or LHARC.
The algorithm that BA Pack uses is also different than what ARC might use.
There is a compression scheme known as Huffmann encoding, which is widely
used for compressing files. Unfortunately, Huffmann encoding and decoding
is not terribly fast. The compression scheme used by BA Pack, although
quite "brain dead", is effective nevertheless. It works on the fact that
a program will tend to have a lot of repeating 68000 instructions, since
there are just a limited number of instructions in common use. But you
don't have to worry about how BA Pack works!
In future releases we will experiment with other methods of compression
which may be slower or faster, smaller or larger. The current method
was chosen as the best compromise between speed and packed size.
There is another consideration that makes BA Pack slightly different.
If you try to pack a program that is smaller than 1K, BA Pack won't let
you do it. The reason is that the ST allocates disk space 1K at a time. So
it doesn't matter if a file is 5 bytes long or 995 bytes long, it still
uses up 1K (1024 bytes) of disk space. Therefore, since our main goal is
to save disk space, it is unnecessary to try performing packs that save
less than 1K of disk space.
BA Pack also displays all file sizes in terms of kilobytes rather than
bytes, since the actual number of bytes is somewhat unimportant.
When a packed program is run, it performs all the unpacking in memory, at
a rate of about 30K per second. On a floppy disk system, this will usually
mean that a packed program loads faster than the unpacked program, because
the time spent unpacking is less than the time it would take to load the
larger unpacked program.
When running a packed program from a hard disk or RAM disk, the load time
will usually be too fast to make a difference. There will be a slight
delay on large files as the program unpacks. This may take up to 5 seconds
on very large files.
Using BA Pack
=============
BA Pack uses an intuitive GEM based interface. There is currently only
one operation supported: packing. For our purposes it was not necessary
to have an unpack feature. We also recommend that whenever you pack a file,
you should always keep a backup of the original unpacked version. This is
so that the original file can be used for such purposes as ARCing, or
patching (a method of updating programs). There are programs out there,
such as ARC Shell, which store configuration information right in the
program file itself, so when changing the configuration, you must have
the unpacked version handy.
BA Pack runs as a desk accessory or an application. To install is as a
desk accessory, simply rename it to BAPACK.ACC and copy it to the root
directory of your boot disk. To run it as an application, rename the
file to BAPACK.PRG and run it from the desktop.
Programs that are already packed should not be packed again, since this
will not reduce the size of the program further. BA Pack is already
packed.
In addition to the memory required to load the unpacked file into memory,
BAPACK uses about 300K of memory for the packing process. Therefore it
is almost a must to have at least a megabyte of memory. The memory is
required for the fast packing process we regret if this causes an
inconvenience to 520ST users. The unpacking of a packed file does not
require any additional memory.
To go and pack, run BA Pack and click on the button marked "Pack a program".
Two file selectors will pop up in succession. The first one is for
specifying the file to pack, i.e. the original unpacked program. When
that is done, the second file selector will come up and you must type
in the name of the packed file. The packed file does not exist yet, but
in case you do select an already existing file, it will prompt you to make
sure. Once both the packed and unpacked files are selected, BA Pack will
go and pack. This will take from a few seconds to a minute, depending on
the size and complexity of the unpacked file.
You can also click on "Packed file statistics" to check the compression
of a packed file, or to check whether a file is already packed or not.
To avoid confusion, we recommend the use of the .APP extender on packed
files. For example, if you pack Flash 1.6, the unpacked file name is
FLASH.PRG, and the packed file name is FLASH.APP. Although APP stands for
APPlication, it is so seldom used that it could just as well mean
A Packed Program.
Make sure that when packing, there is enough room on the disk for the
packed file that will be created.
Under no circumstances should the packed and unpacked files be the same
file! If you do not want the unpacked file, copy it to a floppy disk for
future use.
The future of BA Pack
=====================
BA Pack was written for a very specific purpose, and was not intended to
be yet another ARC program. However, even using the current brain dead
compression scheme, it is possible to compress non-program files, such as
text files, quite well. For example, typical text compresses by about 40%.
The main advantage of BA Pack on non-program files as we see it would be
its speed of packing and unpacking. If users demand it, BA Pack will be
expanded into a full blown ARC-like program, with compression, decompression,
archive listings, multiple file support, and other features.
So, please vote on the future of BA Pack. Send us your responses by email or
regular mail. Please answer as many of the following questions as possible.
Q1: Do you find BA Pack useful for packing programs?
Q2


nexus-4
Android may not have Siri, but it does have Voice Actions. Voice Actions are a powerful way to perform actions – searching, getting directions, making notes, setting alarms, and more – with just your voice.
Google's voice recognition has become surprisingly good, but – like all voice recognition – it isn't perfect. Be sure to enunciate clearly whenever you're speaking to a computer.
Performing Voice Actions
To start a voice action, either tap the microphone icon on the Google search widget at the top of your home screen or open Google Now and say "Google" out loud.
Your phone or tablet will start listening to your voice. You can now say something out loud to perform a voice action.
android-access-voice-actions
Perform a Google Search
The most basic – and obvious – of voice actions is as a simple Google Search. If you say something that Google doesn't recognize as another voice action, it will perform a simple Google search for it. If you say something like "photos of narwhals", Google will perform a search for narwhal photos and show them to you.
However, this feature also works hand-in-hand with Google's new knowledge graph. If you search for something Google knows the answer to – like "How many people live on Earth?" – Google will show you the answer to your question and speak it back to you. This feature will only get more powerful as Google's knowledge graph improves.
android-voice-search
Open an App
You can say "Open [app]" to open an app. For example, "Open Gmail" opens the Gmail app.
android-voice-open-app
Set an Alarm
To quickly set an alarm, say "Set alarm for [time]". You can say something like "Set alarm for 20 minutes from now" or "Set alarm for 7 a.m.".
You can also add a label. For example, you could say "Set alarm for 30 minutes from now, label, laundry is done."
android-set-alarm-with-voice
Make a Note
To make a note to yourself, say "note to self" and continue talking to leave your note.
android-note-to-self
This creates a note – both in audio and transcribed text – that will be emailed to your Gmail account. It's fine if the transcription isn't perfect, as you can play back the audio later.
note-to-self-in-gmail
Create a Calendar Event
You can easily create a calendar event by speaking it. For example, you could say "Create a calendar event: Business Lunch in New York, Friday at noon."
android-voice-create-calendar-event
Send an Email
Voice Actions can be used to send an entire email. For example, you could say "Send email to Bob Smith, subject, Our meeting, message, I'll be right there."
android-send-email-with-voice
Send a Text Message
Voice actions can send text messages in the same way it can send emails. For example, you could instead say "Send SMS to Bob Smith, message, I'm on my way."
android-send-sms-with-voice
Make a Phone Call
To make a phone call, say "Call" followed by a phone number, a contact's name, or a business.
android-call-a-phone-numer
Scan a Barcode
You don't need a separate barcode-scanner app on your phone. Whenever you want to scan a barcode or QR code, say "Scan a barcode" and Google will give you a barcode-scanner.
android-scan-a-barcode[3]
Identify a Song
You don't need a song-identification app like Shazam installed, either. Whenever you want to identify a specific song, ask "What's this song?" and Google will give you a song-identification widget that uses your device's microphone to identify a currently playing song.
(This only seems to work in countries with Google Music.)
android-what's-this-song
Listen to a Song
You can easily start listening to a song with voice actions. Just say "listen to" followed by the name of a song, artist, or album. You'll be able to choose an app, such as Play Music or YouTube.
android-voice-listen-to
Go to a Website
You can open a specific website by saying "Go to [website address]". For example, "Go to How-To Geek dot com" would bring you to our website.
android-voice-go-to-website[4]
View a Map
To view a map of an address or city, say "map of [location]". For example, you could say "map of Vancouver" or "map of 123 fake street, New York"
android-voice-view-a-map
Get Directions
To get directions to a location, say "directions to [location]". This opens the Google Maps app with directions to your specified location.
android-voice-directions
Start Navigation
To start getting turn-by-turn navigation directions to a location, say "navigate to [location]". This opens the Google Navigation app and starts navigating.
android-voice-navigate
Post to Google+
If you use Google+, you can use Voice Actions to post directly to it. Just say "Post to Google+" followed by your message.
android-voice-actions-post-to-google-plus
You can actually perform a voice action just by typing it into the Google search box. For example, typing "scan a barcode" into the Google search widget on Android and tapping the search key will bring up the barcode scanner.
Image Credit: Dru Kelly on Flickr


text:
The Waveform Viewer offers a unique insight into your system. By displaying data in the form of digital waveforms, it represents a live and correlated view of JTAG chain data.
While Boundary Scan can't claim to capture the point at which signals transition in real-time, Waveform Viewer provides a logic analyser-type view of your system's digital activity, as it is captured by the Scan Chain. This brings several new and valuable capabilities to the debug and fault diagnostic process.
- Visualise digital data graphically
- Capture transient faults
- View groups of signals as values
- Start tracking data under definable trigger conditions
- Monitor live and correlated waveforms of individual signals, even from different devices
- Group signals arbitrarily to form busses
- Create simple or complex trigger conditions based on combined logic levels or rising/falling signal edges
- Automatically decode address and data busses to show their values as binary, decimal or hex values
- Scan through logic levels from an arbitrary number of signals captured in the same time period, to help locate transient faults
- Save data to file for subsequent analysis or comparison
Waveform Viewer brings many of the capabilities found in traditional logic analysers to the Boundary Scan domain.
Used in conjunction with XJAnalyser, Waveform Viewer gives much greater insight into circuit behaviour, effectively closing the loop between graphically stimulating and monitoring digital signals over JTAG.


text:
The kappa effect is a spatiotemporal illusion where duration is overestimated with the increase of space. This effect is typically demonstrated with three successive stimuli marking two neighboring empty time intervals, and the classical imputed velocity model, in principle, does not help to predict any spatial effects when only two stimuli, marking single intervals, are presented on each trial. We thus conducted three experiments, examining requirements for the occurrence of the kappa effect with only two visual stimuli. An interstimulus interval between the two stimuli was 217 (short) or 283 ms (long), and participants categorized the presented interval as'short' or 'long'. The key finding is that participants tended to respond'short' more frequently than 'long' when both stimuli were delivered from the same location, whereas the relative frequency of 'long' responses was increased when the two stimuli were delivered from different locations in most directions (i.e., horizontally, vertically, diagonally; Experiment 1). This kappa effect clearly occurred when each stimulus was located 8° apart from the fovea in visual angle, but it was reduced when each stimulus was further deviated from the fovea, regardless of whether the two stimuli were presented in the vertical or the horizontal direction (Experiments 2 and 3). Moreover, increasing the spatial distance between the two stimuli from 15 to 30 cm magnified the effect only in a limited condition (Experiment 3). Implications of these results were discussed in terms of the Bayesian model predicting the effects of spatial acuity.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
- Sensory Systems
- Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
- Cognitive Neuroscience


text:
Page:Graimear na _URL_
44. In Irish there are five cases—the Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, and Vocative.
The Nominative case in Irish corresponds to the English nominative when the subject of a verb.
The Accusative corresponds to the English objective case when governed by a transitive verb. The accusative case of every noun in modern Irish has the same form as the nominative, and suffers the same initial changes as regards aspiration and eclipsis.
The Genitive case corresponds to the English possessive case. English nouns in the possessive case or in the objective case, preceded by the preposition "of," are usually translated into Irish by the genitive case.
The Dative case is the case governed by prepositions.
The Vocative corresponds to the English nominative of address. It is always used in addressing a person or persons. It is preceded by the sign a, although "O" may not appear before the English word; but this a is not usually pronounced before a vowel or fh.
RULES FOR THE FORMATION OF THE CASES.
N.B.—These rules apply to all the declensions.
45. The Nominative case singular is always the simple form of the noun.


text:
Buffel grass spread may threaten sheep nutrition
Summer rain over the past three to four seasons has provided ideal growing conditions for buffel grass, a weed that could pose considerable risk to native vegetation, sheep nutrition and increase the impact of a wild fire.
Natural Resources Northern and Yorke Team Leader Landscape Kevin Teague says while buffel grass has been around for at least the past 25 years in the Northern and Yorke region, summer rains have seen the plant "explode" in growth, particularly along Highway 1 between Port Augusta and Port Pirie.
"It's been a sleeper weed, so even though we knew buffel grass had been in small areas for a long time, it's been very localised, but in the last three years we've had good summer rains and it's just exploded, spreading into areas we haven't seen it in before," he says.
Mr Teague says while buffel grass has long been known for its benefits as sheep feed during summer months, the weed's competitiveness and ability to set seed has the potential to out compete native vegetation, vital for balanced sheep nutrition.
"Buffel grass's ability to colonise an area is of particular concern, it can invade and choke out native vegetation," he says.
"While there's plenty of native vegetation around, sheep can do all right on buffel grass, but if that native vegetation is not there they won't.
"We don't want to get to a stage of a monoculture of buffel grass because then the sheep won't thrive, they won't get the nutrition they need from a mix of native vegetation along with the buffel grass.
"We know it provides green feed for the sheep during the summer months, but it's the long-term effects we're most worried about."
Mr Teague says buffel grass also poses a greater threat during the event of a wild fire as it burns much hotter than native vegetation.
"Because it burns so much hotter, the seeds and crowns of native vegetation could be burned out," he says.
"Normally in the event of a wild fire this native vegetation could grow back, but because it's so much hotter we could see it burnt out and potentially buffel grass becoming the dominant species in a location.
"We could see buffel grass grow so thick that there's no chance for native vegetation to grow back into an area."


Why do guys grow their pinky nail long?
Why do some people, usually men, have a very long pinky little fingernail?
 1. Picking the ears
 This might sound a little weird to you, but yes, various men grow their pinky nail long as it makes it easier for them to pick their ears. This is usually done by people of lower social classes in countries like China. (See, What does touching your ear mean in body language?)
 2. To get better fortune
 As per few cultures, a long pinkie nail is considered a sign of wealth and fortune. Also, palmistry says that if a pinkie nail is longer than the distal knuckle on his ring finger, it is considered lucky and intelligent. Numerous people grow their pinky nail so that they get better palmistry readings.
 3. The person doesn't do manual labour
 Many regions grow their pinkie nail to show that they are not doing manual labour. It can also be said that they try to show off that they belong to a higher class.
 4. To clean their nose
 This might sound unbelievable, but they actually grow the nail of their finger to wipe their nose or scratch certain areas of their body.
 5. To handle drugs
 This is true that various people grow their pinky fingernail to take drugs easily, such as cocaine, etc. Many people think that this is a myth, but no people really do it to become easy for them to take drugs. (See Why are some rich people stingy?)
 6. To use it as a tool
 People grow this nail to use it as a tool or handle objects. This reason is a little strange, but people actually do this.
 7. This finger is not used much
 A lot of people grow the nail of the last finger as this finger is not used much. As it becomes difficult to use the hand if other nails are big, so pinky is fingernail is the best to grow nails.
 8. To increase the use of this finger
 For making the pinky finger more useful, people often prefer to grow their nails.
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Aaron Dalton > AI-Pathfinding-AStar-0.10 > AI::Pathfinding::AStar
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Module Version: 0.10 Source
 package My::Map::Package;
 use base AI::Pathfinding::AStar;
 # Methods required by AI::Pathfinding::AStar
 sub getSurrounding {... }
 package main;
 use My::Map::Package;
This module implements the A* pathfinding algorithm. It acts as a base class from which a custom map object can be derived. It requires from the map object a subroutine named getSurrounding (described below) and provides to the object two routines called findPath and findPathIncr (also described below.) It should also be noted that AI::Pathfinding::AStar defines two other subs (calcF and calcG) which are used only by the findPath routines.
AI::Pathfinding::AStar requires that the map object define a routine named getSurrounding which accepts the starting and target node ids for which you are calculating the path. In return it should provide an array reference containing the following details about each of the immediately surrounding nodes:
Basically you should return an array reference like this: [ [$node1, $cost1, $h1], [$node2, $cost2, $h2], [...],...]; For more information on heuristics and the best ways to calculate them, visit the links listed in the SEE ALSO section below. For a very brief idea of how to write a getSurrounding routine, refer to the included tests.
As mentioned earlier, AI::Pathfinding::AStar provides two routines named findPath and findPathIncr. findPath requires as input the starting and target node identifiers. It is unimportant what format you choose for your node IDs. As long as they are unique, and can be distinguished by Perl's exists $hash{$nodeid}, then they will work. findPath then returns an array (or reference) of node identifiers representing the least expensive path to your target node. An empty array means that the target node is entirely unreacheable from the given source. findPathIncr on the other hand allows you to calculate a particularly long path in chunks. findPathIncr also takes the starting and target node identifiers but also accepts a state variable and a maxiumum number of nodes to calculate before returning. findPathIncr then returns a hash representing the current state that can then be passed back in for further processing later. The current path can be found in $state-{path}>.
This module requires Heap (specifically Heap::Binomial and Heap::Elem) to function.
_URL_ _URL_
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text:
Input-output mapping for a given power system problem, such as loads versus economic dispatch (ED) results, has been demonstrated to be learnable through artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, including neural networks. However, the process of identifying and constructing a comprehensive dataset for the training of such input-output mapping remains a challenge to be solved. Conventionally, load samples are generated by a pre-defined distribution, and then ED is solved based on those load samples to form training datasets, but this paper demonstrates that such dataset generation is biased regarding load-ED mapping. The marginal unit and line congestion (i.e., marginal pattern) exhibit a unique characteristic called "step change" in which the marginal pattern changes when the load goes from one critical loading level (CLL) to another, and there is no change of marginal units within the interval of the two adjacent CLLs. Those loading intervals differ significantly in size. The randomly generated training dataset overfills intervals with large sizes and underfits intervals with small sizes, so it is biased. In this paper, three algorithms are proposed to construct a marginal pattern library to examine this bias according to different computational needs, and an enhancement algorithm is proposed to eliminate the bias for the load-ED dataset generation. Three illustrative test cases demonstrate the proposed algorithms, and comparative studies are constructed to show the superiority of the enhanced, unbiased dataset.
Q. Zhang et al., "Building Marginal Pattern Library with Unbiased Training Dataset for Enhancing Model-Free Load-ED Mapping," IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Feb 2022.
The definitive version is available at _URL_
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Keywords and Phrases
Artificial Intelligence; Critical Load Level (CLL); Economic Dispatch (ED); Electricity Market; Libraries; Load Modeling; Loading; Locational Marginal Price (LMP); Neural Networks; Neural Networks; Optimal Power Flow (OPF); Prediction Algorithms; Training
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Article - Journal
© 2022 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), All rights reserved.
Creative Commons Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
07 Feb 2022