text:
- Chinese Name Bai He 百合
- Latin Name Lilium brownii var. viridulum
- Other Names Bulbus Lilii, Brown's Lily Bulb
- Used Part Bulb
- Specification Powdered Extract
Lily Bulb Extract Powder
The lily has long been known in China as both food and medicine. The bulbs are comprised of dozens of fleshy scales. As food, fresh bulbs are made into soups or stir fries. The scales are separated, boiled briefly (3-7 minutes), and dried in the sun or by oven to produce the medicinal material.
Lily bulbs were one of the items listed in the ancient Shennong Bencao Jing, described as being sweet and balanced. Based on theories of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), Lily Bulb is sweet, slightly cold in nature and covers meridians of heart and lung. It is capable of nourishing Yin and moistening lung, which is used for indications like chronic cough due to yin deficiency, and blood in sputum. And it clears heart heat, and calms spirit, which is applied for remnant heat of febrile diseases, restlessness, deficient irritability and palpitations, too much dreams and insomnia, and wandering mind.
In the Jinggui Yaolue, there is description of a disease condition—baihe bing—named for the lily bulb that is its principal treatment. This disorder is characterized by the patient appearing normal but suffering from a sort of depression or neurosis: there is a desire to eat, but food doesn't taste right and eating makes her feel uncomfortable; a desire to talk, but then hesitation to express anything of significance; a desire to lie down and rest, yet no ability to then go to sleep and gain refreshment; a desire to go out and walk or do other activities, but an exhaustion that cuts short the plans or even leads to finding a reason not to proceed. Discomforts are common to this disorder, but they are not matched by measurable physical problems as clear causes. Likewise, she feels chilly or hot, yet her body temperature is normal, while the surrounding temperature may be average and clothing is appropriate to the environment. Drugs and herbs used in the effort to rectify any of the symptoms will usually cause diverse reactions that lead to cessation of the attempt. So, the condition persists. Because such problems occur in some women soon after childbirth, the lily bulbs had a reputation for treating postpartum neurosis, and because such complaints are also common with menopausal syndrome, lily is considered beneficial in that situation as well. Still, the pattern may arise under many other circumstances.
Over time, lily came to be known as an herb that clears heat and nourishes yin, eventually placed in the yin nourishing group of herbs. It was increasingly used for "heart fire" due to deficiency and for lung conditions marked by "heated phlegm." Lily soups made with sugar (and sometimes also milk) are recommended to clear heat in the summer. Yet, the early application for lily disease is one which particularly interests the practitioners today who are often confronted by patients with disorders that are revealed more in the realm of feeling and behavior than in significant organic changes to the body: a medical diagnosis is elusive while the emotional and mental state is not amenable to treatment by many of the drugs used as antidepressants. Modern texts of Chinese medicine continue to refer back to these original applications: Baihe Huashi San (Lily and Talc Formula; comprised of just the two herbs mentioned in the formula name) is still indicated for lily syndrome, manifested as mental disorder, irritability, insomnia, and anorexia (very limited selection of acceptable foods). Baihe Bing is said to treat "hysteria," referring to neurotic symptoms.
One of the key formulations using lily is Baihe Dihuang Tang (Lily and Rehmannia Combination), the remedy from the Jinggui Yaolue, comprised of the two herbs mentioned in its name. Another variant is Lily and Anemarrhena Combination (Baihe Zhimu Tang; with just those two herbs). As these examples reveal, lily bulb can be used with one or two ingredients that will direct its activity to emphasize a particular goal; with talc to promote urination and soothe dryness; with rehmannia to cleanse heart fire; with anemarrhena to clear deficiency heat; when used for lung disorders, it may be combined with beimu (fritillaria) to resolve heated phlegm or with maimendong (ophiopogon) to treat dry cough. Beimu and maimendong are both members of the lily family of plants and the bulb is used for those as well.
Lily, derived from Lilium brownii and other species of Lilium, has low toxicity and may be used in quantity: the dried herb up to about 30 grams per day in decoction, which is the amount usually recommended in simple remedies like those mentioned above. If lily is a minor ingredient in a complex formula for treating conditions such as lung and throat disorders, the daily dose may drop to about 9 grams in decoction. Relatively simple formulas with this herb have been suggested for treatment of menopausal syndrome: one recommendation is to combine the traditional Liuwei Dihuang Tang (Rehmannia Six Formula) with baihe, suanzaoren, yinyanghuo, and chaihu (lily, zizyphus, epimedium, and bupleurum).
Lily-Bulb has three primary sets of active components: alkaloids (steroidal alkaloids, such as etioline, shown right, as well as small pyrrolines like jatrophine, also called lilidine); steroidal saponins; and phenols (mainly flavonoids). The combination of steroidal alkaloids and steroidal saponins are likely responsible for the treatment of various nervous system disorders.
Mechanism of action studies are in the preliminary phases, but two aspects of neurological action appear to be a result of cholinesterase inhibition and monoamine oxidase inhibition. Drugs and herbs with these effects may improve memory and relieve depression.
Taste & Property Sweet, Slightly Bitter, Slightly Cold
Organ Meridians Heart, Lung
- Nourishes Yin, moistens the Lungs, clears Heat and stops cough
– Dry coughs or sore throat due to Lung Yin Deficiency, dry Lungs or Lung Heat
– Especially useful for Lung Yin Deficiency
- Clears the Heart and calms the Spirit
– Intractable low-grade fever, insomnia, restlessness and irritability in the aftermath of febrile disease
– Heart Fire
– Palpitations due to insufficiency of Qi and Yin
- Nourishes Stomach Yin and harmonizes the Middle Jiao
– Pain associated with Stomach Yin Deficiency


text:
The pronounciation suggests that the sentence is about a mango in general (lEmango), not the specific mango (which would be lAmango, wouldn't it?).
I did. I finally figured out that instead of spamming in comments, it's better to just report.
It used to be a problem because the suggested translation was "The mango has a good smell". Now they have apparently fixed it, and it is about a general mango, as the translation suggests.
You could say המנגו מריח טוב = the mango smells good. but המנגו יש ריח טוב is not a correct sentence. The ל implies the ownership in the way the verb "to have" is constructed in Hebrew. Translated literally this sentence is "there is good smell to the mango". the ל incorporated the "to the".
With the definite article, shouldn't it be "la-mango"? I'm hearing "le-mango."
It isn't necessarily the definite article here. You could say le-mango and this sentence can mean "(any) mango has good smell.
The only issue with the translation is that when translating verbatim from H to any western language, an interpretation is required to have the sentence make sense. "For the mango there's a nice smell" simply reads what we all know: Mangoes smell nice...
Why "a" article is needed for "good smell"?? Why "mango has good smell" is incorrect?
Are you asking regarding the translation of this sentence, or in English generally?
You need the article "a" in front of mango in English. Here's an article explaining it: _URL_
That depends on whether you are using "mango" as a countable noun or as a mass noun. If mangoes smell good in general and that is the message you are trying to convey, then it's fine to treat it as a mass noun and forego the indefinite article. In fact, saying "a mango smells good" indicates that there is somewhere in the world a mango that smells good. That is not what you're trying to say.
The article you linked gives a similar example: Fruit is on sale.
So, if "Mango smells good" is an acceptable translation, why is "A mango smells good" rejected?
Reyakh. Though sometimes pronounced re-akh (native speakers swallow the y sound).
The other way around, I think: It's always /re-akh/, and /re-yach/ is an anomaly that's fading away. It's the pronunication of Israelies who immigrated from Poland and Russia up until the 30's, their most luminary example (for pronunication jokes) being Shimon Peres. Also you find it in songs from the 50's through mid-70's, because singers were taught to add it on the grounds that hyatus is not nice. _URL_ (/ya yareyach/: יא ירח, addressing the moon).
Hebrew isn't as strict about word order as English. Both variants are acceptable.
That said, what is this sentence about? Mangos. The mango is the subject. So it makes sense to put the mango first, and the word that modifies the mango (יש) afterwards. But feel free to phrase it in any of these ways for the desired emphasis:
למנגו יש ריח טוב
יש למנגו ריח טוב
ריח טוב יש למנגו
But don't say the following. It makes you sound like Yoda:
ריח טוב למנגו יש

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


webMathematica > Configuration >
 - KernelBaseMemoryLimit is a configuration setting that sets the limit in bytes for the base amount of memory that a Mathematica kernel can use. The base amount of memory is measured as the memory usage at the start or end of a computation, and is not influenced by temporary usages of memory inside of a calculation. When the memory limit is exceeded the kernel is restarted. To limit temporary usages you should use KernelPeakMemoryLimit.


text: Ambivalent sexism has many pernicious consequences. Since gender stereotypes also affect leadership roles, the present research investigated the effects of ambivalent sexism on envisioning oneself as a leader. Our studies tested the influence of sexist attitudes (toward women – Study 1 – and men – Study 2) on leadership aspiration, taking into account the interaction among ambivalent attitudes, personal characteristics (e.g. self-esteem), and group processes (e.g. level of identification with gender). Specifically, the current study used a 3 (sexism: hostile, benevolent, control) x 2 (social identification: high, low) x 2 (self-esteem: high, low) factorial design. 178 women participated in Study 1. Results showed that, although sexism was not recognised as a form of prejudice and did not trigger negative emotions, in sexist conditions high-identified women increase their leadership aspiration. In Study 2 men (N = 184) showed to recognise hostility as a form of prejudice, to experience more negative emotions, but to be not influenced in leadership aspiration. For both men and women self-esteem had a significant main effect on leadership aspiration.


text:
The Glacier protocol is lengthy and complex because the tools for high-security cold storage do not exist. This appendix briefly outlines some of the tool functionality that would address this gap. For additional technical details, see the Glacier design document.
Ideally, the Bitcoin community (and other cryptocurrency communities) will create these tools as soon as possible and render Glacier obsolete. We invite inquiry and consultation by others interested in developing these tools.
Cold Storage Hardware Wallets
- Function like conventional hardware wallets, but eternally quarantined (no wireless or wired connections)
- Keyboard for entering data (key recovery, user entropy for key generation)
- Camera for reading QR codes (for unsigned transactions)
- Screen for displaying data, including QR codes (for complex data such as signed transactions)
- Generate keys from user-provided entropy (ideally two combined sources)
- Support for BIP39 and HD keys
- Multisig support
- Each wallet storing one key is probably the way to go
- Ability to for each device to add one single signature to a transaction, so only one key needs to be stored on a given device
- Compatibility with HD keys
- All deterministic algorithms (for key generation, transaction generation, etc.)
- Multiple wallet products on the market which use as many different hardware components as possible (to minimize the possibility of a common flaw / vulnerability)
- Simple to use
- Display steps user through security steps – how to safely generate their entropy, double-checking that addresses are correct, verifying duplicate algorithm results on an alternate device, etc.
- Optional side channel protection
- Partner with a company that manufactures some sort of Faraday glove box, and market it to customers who have extra-high security concerns
Bitcoin Core improvements
Until robust cold storage hardware wallets are created, improvements in Bitcoin Core could go a long way towards improving and simplifying Glacier, including reducing the necessary complexity of GlacierScript.
- Add support for importing and using BIP32 HD keys.
- Generate keys based on raw user entropy so that key generation can be deterministically checked by a second quarantine computer.
- BIP39 key generation support
- Promotes security through ease of use, and reduces risk of transcription errors


text:
|University of Kentucky Department of Entomology|
Mystery Bug Answers
Mystery Picture #13
Scorpions pack a punch in their tails. The front pinchers are used to grab and hold their preyusually small insects. While we typically think of them in hot deserts or tropical jungles, there is a species that occurs in much of Kentucky and over the southeast. To read more about our Kentucky scorpion, Centruroides vittatus,jump to Scorpions in Kentucky.
The Wheelbug is a beneficial insect with piercing sucking mouthparts. Its sharp beak, extending from the front of its head, is usually carried in a groove along its body between the legs, so it does not show up well in this picture. The front legs are fitted for grabbing prey (usually caterpillars)- much like a praying mantis does. The common name of this insect comes from the back hump which resembles half of a gear wheel.
This page is maintained by Pat Dillon, Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky. Please send questions or suggestions to: _EMAIL_


text:
Updated: Oct 17, 2020
To truly understand the teachings of the mantras and integrate them into our lives, it is beautiful to learn to play, sing, and understand their nuances and melodies. The album will include several video lessons by Vismay (like this one!), teaching you to play and sing the songs. Whether you use this lesson to learn to play Om Bom on guitar, sing it, or simply understand it more deeply, we hope it brings you knowledge and learning.


text:
Top 5 Reasons to use Direct Water Injection when Stabilizing Soil
- Uniform Consistency — Direct Injection controls the precise application of water accurately to the exact percentage needed for the stabilized cross section to reach optimum moisture.
- Gravity — Water runs downhill and puddles in low spots, so when "top dressing" or applying water through a spray bar there is no guarantee the cross section is receiving the same application of water for the stabilized area.
- Adjust for Overlap — Direct injection capabilities allow for the operator to control the width of the application area by activating or restricting water nozzles. (A remaining 4' section can effectively receive the water without over hydrating the previously stabilized adjacent area)
- Adapt to Changing Ground Conditions — Direct injection capabilities allow the operator to quickly adjust the amount of water applied to reach optimum moisture for the stabilized section. Project soils rarely retain the same moisture content or makeup throughout a site, so it's important to be able to adjust for these different ground conditions.
- Better Results & Strengths — When proper moisture is applied consistently the stabilized cross section is better controlled, more uniform, and stronger.
It's not always possible to use direct injection, but when it is, it is the best way to add moisture to your stabilized section. It's the Rock Solid Way!


uk es it fr pt nl
Aramoana Spit beoordelingen
Kwaliteit op een goede dag: 5.0
Betrouwbaarheid van de Golven: 2.8
Moeilijkheidsgraad: 3.0
Winden kitesurfen: 2.2
Bezoekers: 4.0
Overall: 2.9
Bekijk alle 18 beoordelingen
Op basis van 7 Stem(men). Stemmen
Surf Report Feed
Aramoana Spit Wind Statistieken, October gemiddelde vanaf 2006
According to the model, the prevailing wind at Aramoana Spit blows from the ENE. If the rose graph shows a fairly circular pattern, it means there is no strong bias in wind direction at Aramoana Spit. Converseley, dominant spokes represent favoured directions, and the more deep blue, the stronger the wind. Spokes point in the direction the wind blows from. During a typical October, the model suggests that winds are light enough for the sea to be glassy (pale blue) about 1.0% of the time (0 days each October) and blows offshore just 6% of the time (1 days in an average October). Over an average October wind stronger than >40kph (25mph) was predicted for only a single days at Aramoana Spit


The simplest part of JavaFX's significant animation underpinning is the animation timer. The AnimationTimer class it gives access to JavaFX's slightly modified version of System.nanoTime(), and provides an overridable handle() method, which is executed exactly once per frame – or animation 'pulse'.
But how often is "once per frame"?
In this project, we'll look at set up, frame and pulse length, and calculating frame length for an animation timer. The starting code for this project is here.
Creating an animation timer
The AnimationTimer is the simplest element of the JavaFX animation layer. It has three methods, which define its behaviour, and in the simplest use case, we'll only use one.
public void start();
public void stop();
public abstract void handle(long time);
AnimationTimer is abstract, so to use it we must provide a concrete instantiation. Most of the time, this is done by creating an anonymous inner class, but we can also do it by sub-classing. If you're interested in adding functionality to pause or restart the timer, sub-classing would be more efficient.
Either way, we need to overwrite the abstract method handle(). The code we provide within this method will then be executed once per JavaFX frame.
An animation timer recieves a pulse from the mater timer every frame
Determining the start of every frame is done through a cascade of animation pulses, which start with the MasterTimer. So, to properly understand the speed of the animation timer, we need to look first at how the animation timer internally constructs itself, and where it gets its settings.
How the cogs work
Here, we'll take a look at the methods, classes and Toolkits that make it work. Then, we'll look at customising it to get the process we want.
If you're not that fussed about the inner workings, and you just want to know how to use the animation timer, don't worry. You can jump ahead now.
Creation and Running
So, we've just created our animation timer. Because we're creating an instance for an abstract class, we don't actually see the constructor. This encapsulates the animation framework away from the user.
Internally, the constructor of the animation timer requests the default Toolkit. For JavaFX, this is the Quantum Toolkit.
1. Quantum Toolkit
The Quantum Toolkit integrates the windowing part of JavaFX ("Glass") with the graphics engine ("Prism"). That's relevant to us because the Glass Windowing Toolkit runs the animation pulses, and Prism handles the rending of the window.
In increase efficiency, the Quantum Toolkit makes sure we can't update our animations faster than the window is rendering.
With that in mind, if you're the first bit of code that's requested the Toolkit, you've just set into action a little chain of events that sets up the Windowing system for JavaFX.
After that, the animation timer is simply handed the toolkit in use. The animation timer doesn't need the whole toolkit – so it asks the toolkit to just give it the master timer.
AbstractMasterTimer timer = Toolkit.getToolkit().getMasterTimer();
That call to the Toolkit tells you a lot about the speed of the animation timer:
Rule 1: In JavaFX, the animation timer will never run faster than the refresh rate of the screen.
2. AbstractMasterTimer
The master timer, which more or less runs the animation show is a singleton that synchronises every timer in the current program. It manages all the scheduling and running of the animation actions, as well as any post-update methods JavaFX might deem necessary. It's responsible for the frame rate (which we'll look at in Animation Speed), and allows JavaFX to stop and start the clock on animation globally.
3. TimerReciever
Finally, the animation timer creates an AnimationTimerReceiver, a private class inside of the animation timer. Its only job is to act as an intermediary – a little like an observer – on the master timer's pulse switch.
The only difference between this and a regular observer is that it interacts with the privileged network of actions underpinning animation in the Quantum Toolkit.
The toolkit won't let just anyone access the timer pulse – you have to be part of the timer system. So, the animation timer creates a AnimationTimerReceiver, which has the right privileged access.
Animation Timer Speed (fps)
1. How JavaFX determines the frame rate
Now, knowing that the master timer runs the ship in terms of animation, we can dig into it to see how it determines what it should be.
To work out the frame rate of the application, the master timer refers itself to the Settings class. That class is an internal package in the graphics module called com.sun.scenario. And in case you're wondering, just like the privileged actions of the animation pulses, the internal package can't be accessed by us. We can't, at this point in time, set the frame rate.
JavaFX takes three steps to work out the frame rate in the Settings class:
 1. Check the 'frame rate property', based on the screen refresh rate
 2. If that's not set, check the pulse property, based on the preferred pulse frequency of JavaFX on this system
 3. Finally, default to 60 FPS
To test this, we'll build a simple application to test the frame rate of the animation timer.
Practically determining the frame rate
So, what's the runtime speed of the JavaFX animation timer? Well, there's an easy way to find out. AnimationTimer is an abstract class, so we extend it to create a timer anyway. We usually do that by creating an anonymous inner class, but you can create concrete sub-classes too.
By extending the animation timer a little more, we can get it to remember the timestamp of the last frame (in nanoseconds). A little bit more than that, and we calculate the number of nano seconds since the last frame.
AnimationTimer animationTimer = new AnimationTimer() {
 long delta;
 long lastFrameTime;
 @Override
 public void handle(long now) {
 delta = now - lastFrameTime;
 lastFrameTime = now;
 }
};
Finally, we can add a method to our animation timer, which gives us access to the frame rate, in frames per second, calculated from the duration of the last frame.
public double getFrameRateHertz() {
 double frameRate = 1d / deltaTimeNano;
 return frameRate * 1e9;
}
In this test application, we've actually made a SimpleAnimationTimer class, which provides an IntegerProperty, updated each frame, providing bindable access to the frame-rate.
In our Controller, we include a label, FPSLabel, which we bind to the property provided.
FPSLabel.textProperty().bindBidirectional(timer.frameRateProperty(), new NumberStringConverter("FPS: "));
Using a simple NumberStringConverter, we attached "FPS: " give the text a useful title..
And there it is, automatically updating:
An animation timer has been used to display the frame rate of a JavaFX application
Conclusions
JavaFX deter


text:
The Austrian Tradition of the Krampus
The Krampus is an alarming-looking creature which appears during the Advent period in Austria (and, sometimes in different versions, in some other countries).
Originally thought to have come from the old pre-Christian myths involving beasts from the forest and creatures such as satyrs, the Krampus became linked with St Nicholas in the Middle Ages.
As with so many pagan customs, it was absorbed into the official Christian calendar. St Nicholas (aka 'Santa Claus') had by the 16th century started to become associated with the traditional pre-Christmas period of gift-giving which had become popular (again absorbing the local custom of December trade markets).
While he was the 'carrot' for boys and girls to be good, the Krampus were (quite literally) the 'stick'.
'If you are good, Niklaus will bring you something nice. But if you are bad, the Krampus might come and get you.'
So what is a Krampus?
The Krampus traditionally appeared on the night before the Feast of St Nicholas (the evening of December 5).
They wore animal skins and carved wooden masks, had bells tied onto their costume so that people could hear the clanking coming through the darkness, and they carried long sticks. The chains that they sometimes wear are thought to be related to the idea of the creatures being bound to their place in the underworld, while the sacks that they carry are to take very bad children away with them.
In days gone by, the Krampus were seriously feared by smaller children, who were tossed into the sack and then dragged through the snow.
Nowadays however many of the larger cities and towns have formal processions which tend to be fairly orderly. Since the people inside the Krampus costumes are usually young men, many of the more organised clubs who keep this tradition alive delegate some older members to keep an eye on what is going on. Some locations even order the Krampus costumes to be numbered so that onlookers have evidence of who may have stepped over the line in case of a dispute.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
In 10 years, 86% of students will study more efficiently with tablets
OpenColleges, an online educator based in Australia, has created a new infographic on schools of the future. Entitled "Components of a 21st Century Classroom" the graphic depicts tidbits on information that predict the educational experience in the future.
In this scenario, the following facts emerge for education in 10 years:
- 86% of students will believe they study more efficiently with tablets.
- 6 in 10 students have used a digital text book
-59% of students would like to use their own mobile devices for learning.
See more in the graphic:
Components of a 21st Century Classroom - An infographic by the team at Open Colleges

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Definition from Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary
A person authorized to act for and under the direction of another person when dealing with third parties. The person who appoints an agent is called the principal. An agent can enter into binding agreements on the principal's behalf and may even create liability for the principal if the agent causes harm while carrying out his or her duties. Also called an attorney-in-fact.
Definition provided by Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary.
August 19, 2010, 5:10 pm


text:
Afghan Skunk Auto is the auto-flowering version of Advanced Seeds' Afghan Skunk. Adding ruderalis genetics produces a plant with a short life-cycle and one which will flower irrespective of whether it receives 12, 18 or even 24 hours of light per day.
The original Afghan Skunk brought the pure indica hit of the Afghani plant combined with the more sativa-leaning effect of Skunk. This strain was 70% indica and 30% sativa. The addition of the ruderalis genes has brought the duration of the life-cycle down to between 9 – 10 weeks and produced shorter plants whose energies go into bud and resin formation sooner than with photo-period strains. It is a robust plant that has good resistance to both plant pests and mould infestations. When cultivated indoors these plants will grow to 75 – 100 cm. tall; outdoors they will grow a little taller but rarely more than 120 cm. tall. It performs very well in all kinds of substrate and grow-media.
Yields are good and indoor growers can harvest between 400 – 500 gr/m2 under 600 watt lighting. Resin production is very high producing an aroma that is likened to the sweet smell of hashish. The taste has undertones of berries and other fruit making this a truly delicious strain. Its THC level has been measured at 15% giving a relaxed, lazy feeling but one which elevates mood. It has also been known to relieve stress, anxiety and to stimulate the appetite.


How Giant Birds Can Fly Nearly 10,000 Miles
An albatross is a huge bird, weighing up to 25 pounds, but it can fly around the world in 46 days! That's quite a mean feat, even among creatures who have harnessed the miracle of flight. Lifting that heavy body into the air takes a lot of energy, so to compensate, albatrosses have harnessed their knowledge of physics. A team of German scientists attached GPS trackers to 20 of the birds to study their flight. Their data comes from 16 of the birds, which causes us to pause just a moment in memory of the other four.
Albatrosses yo-yo up and down in the sky, taking advantage of momentum generated on their downhill glides in order to climb back up against the wind. These constant up and down changes in altitude keep the birds aloft without requiring much effort. In fact, the propulsive force generated by such undulations is about ten times greater than anything the albatross could create by simply flapping its wings.
But it's a trick the rest of the animal kingdom doesn't often use. For example, hummingbirds weigh about 0.07 ounces (2.2 grams)—98 percent less than an albatross—and yet their wings have to beat about 70 times per second to keep their little bodies aloft. An albatross can go hours without flapping. Because of this frantic motion, hummingbirds have to eat up to three times their body weight every day.
While hummingbirds appear to get along just fine at low efficiency, their lives depend on available fuel sources. If those sources were to die out, so would the hummingbirds. But albatrosses could simply travel to a new food source -which is what they do. Read more at NatGeo's Weird and Wild blog. -via the Presurfer
(Image credit: Flickr user StormPetrel1)
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text: The use of information across populations is an attractive approach to increase the accuracy of genomic predictions for numerically small breeds and traits that are time-consuming and difficult to measure, such as male fertility in cattle. This study was conducted to evaluate genomic prediction of Jersey bull fertility using an across-country reference population combining records from the United States and Australia. The data set consisted of 1,570 US Jersey bulls with sire conception rate (SCR) records, 603 Australian Jersey bulls with semen fertility value (SFV) records and SNP genotypes for roughly 90,000 loci. Both SCR and SFV are evaluations of service sire fertility based on cow field data, and both are intended as phenotypic evaluations because the estimates include genetic and nongenetic effects. Withinand across-country genomic predictions were evaluated using univariate and bivariate genomic best linear unbiased prediction models. Predictive ability was assessed in 5-fold cross-validation using the correlation between observed and predicted fertility values and mean squared error of prediction. Within-country genomic predictions exhibited predictive correlations of around 0.28 and 0.02 for the United States and Australia, respectively. The Australian Jersey population is genetically diverse and small in size, so careful selection of the reference population by including only closely related animals (e.g., excluding New Zealand bulls, which is a less-related population) increased the predictive correlations up to 0.20. Notably, the use of bivariate models fitting all US Jersey records and the optimized Australian population resulted in predictive correlations around of 0.24 for SFV values, which is a relative increase in predictive ability of 20%. Conversely, for predicting SCR values, the use of an across-country reference population did not outperform the standard approach using pure US Jersey reference data set. Our findings indicate that genomic prediction of male fertility in dairy cattle is feasible, and the use of an across-country reference population would be beneficial when local populations are small and genetically diverse.


text:
Makers: A History of American Studio Craft
By Janet Koplos and Bruce Metcalf
Here is the first comprehensive survey of modern craft in the United States. "Makers" follows the development of studio craft from its roots in 19th-century reform movements, through the invention of new forms and ideas in the early modern era, and up to the rich diversity of expression at the end of the 20th century. More than 400 illustrations complement this chronological exploration of the American craft tradition.
- 529 pages; hardcover
- Published in 2010 by the Center for Craft, Creativity and Design


[en]
 It has been established that long term stress can lead to chronic illness of cardiac disease and vascular disorder. In the way people live their lives today they are surrounded by stress and they contribute to the stressful society when they constantly chase the time. The Mobile Life Centre explores how the system Aective Health can get people to reect up on their stress levels and connect that to their everyday activities by using bio sensors and a mobile phone. The bio sensor data visualization in the interface of the system is today tied to time. Since time is perceived dierently from person to person that is something that has caused problems for the design team of Aective Health. This thesis examines how dierent representations of time in user interfaces can be used to mediate the design qualities of subjective time, aliveness and uency in the Aective Health system. As a result from investigating the time aspect and how time can be visualized in a subjective way a suggestion for a design solution was developed.
 - 50.
 Anjomshoae, Sule
 et al.
 Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för datavetenskap.
 Najjar, Amro
 Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för datavetenskap.
 Calvaresi, Davide
 Främling, Kary
 Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för datavetenskap.
 Explainable Agents and Robots: Results from a Systematic Literature Review2019Ingår i: Proc. of the 18th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2019), Montreal, Canada, May 13–17, 2019, IFAAMAS / [ed] N. Agmon, M. E. Taylor, E. Elkind, M. Veloso, 2019Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
 Abstract [en]
 Humans are increasingly relying on complex systems that heavily adopts Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Such systems are employed in a growing number of domains, and making them explainable is an impelling priority. Recently, the domain of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) emerged with the aims of fostering transparency and trustworthiness. Several reviews have been conducted. Nevertheless, most of them deal with data-driven XAI to overcome the opaqueness of black-box algorithms. Contributions addressing goal-driven XAI (e.g., explainable agency for robots and agents) are still missing. This paper aims at filling this gap, proposing a Systematic Literature Review. The main findings are (i) a considerable portion of the papers propose conceptual studies, or lack evaluations or tackle relatively simple scenarios; (ii) almost all of the studied papers deal with robots/agents explaining their behaviors to the human users, and very few works addressed inter-robot (inter-agent) explainability. Finally, (iii) while providing explanations to non-expert users has been outlined as a necessity, only a few works addressed the issues of personalization and context-awareness
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By recycling steel fenders for new cars, the world's airliners could fly almost 100 million miles alone with the energy saved, according to a new study by the University of Colorado for the United Recyclers Group.
"The CU study estimates that nearly 11 million vehicles are taken off the road in America each year when they reach their so called 'End of Life' (EOL)," said Michelle Alexander, URG executive director, in the report. "This process of attrition is caused by accidents and also occurs as vehicles age. There are tremendous quantifiable environmental and financial benefits for consumers that are provided by the green American automobile recycling industry as these vehicles are processed both for the reuse of certain parts (known as 'green parts') and recycling of most of the remainder."
Alexander went on to say that already, thanks to the auto recycling industry, auto manufacturers have begun to lower their carbon footprint, reduce energy consumption, and mine and refine less materials.


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How scary might it look if you thought you had already turned off the electric stove, but it continuously made noise?
Of course, there is a reasonable cause why your electric stove behaves that way and keeps on clicking when off.
Can an Electric Oven Making Clicking Noises Indicate Danger?
Not at all. An oven or a furnace making a clicking noise is standard when you engage the oven igniter. Once it is engaged, you can hear around 3 to 5 clicks before the burner reaches the constant heating level.
Check oven fan motor is working. A conventional gas oven has an electric fan to assist in controlling the heat.
PRO TIP: Noisy electric stove igniters could be dirty. When cooking, dirt and grime can collect around the spark ignition switch and stay there for a while. When stuck for long, this mess will choke on the knob and prevent it from turning smoothly.
Before you proceed into the delusion that something weird is going on with your stove, it is better to keep calm and that this kind of situation is simple to solve.
Next Read: Why My Microwave Making Popping Noise?
Perhaps, before we can answer why electric stoves make noise, it is better to ask, "do electric stoves click"?
Reasons Behind Electric Stoves Making Noise When Off
To completely get enlightened on how an electric stove can make a noise is to get familiar with the parts.
Your electric stove mainly has the following parts:
- Burners or coils
- Burner cap
- Induction cooktop; gas cooktop for gas range
- Control panel: Manual control panel includes knobs, while the digital control panel depends on flat panels.
- Drip pan
- Control knobs
The most important part of an electric stove is the heating units or heating elements. The coil or burner, burner cover, and drip pan comprise the electric stove's heating element.
Conventional electric stoves and even a gas stoves have a manual control knob, a mechanical timer, and a burner grate. Digital electric stoves have a different design. And it also depends on the brand of electric stove you have at home.
For example, the Wolf igniter keeps clicking when off, which means something in the control knob prevents it from returning to its normal position. Make sure that there is nothing stuck into it, and check if the clicking sound continues.
Most of the clicking sound from an electric stove would come from control knobs but in other parts.
Let's find them.
- Food debris around manual igniters.
- Moisture buildup.
- Internal electrical malfunction on burners.
Common Electric Stove Noise and Troubleshooting:
Electric Stove Making a Buzzing Noise
Old electric stoves have conventional electric coils. These burner coils will produce will buzz, rattle, or vibrate when heating up due to the welding design on the heating element.
Electric Hob Making a Clicking Noise
The clicking or ticking noise on the hob is normal. But when it becomes a ticking noise, it could be that the hob design does not fit perfectly.
Next Read: Gas Oven Sounds Like a Blowtorch : [5 Easy Ways to Fix]
The ticking noise could also come from the initial coil heating as it revs up as the heat reacts to the metal material of the cooktop.
The coils of your electric stove are made of metal. So when the coils start to heat while cooking, it will produce a popping sound when something hits the coil. Since coils are scorching and cool down gradually, they will typically make noise when attracted to an opposite temperature. To solve?
Let it cool down before attempting to clean it.
Avoid spilling food debris on the coils, especially when hot.
It is normal to hear a humming noise from your electric stove when turning it on the first time. This humming sound or buzzing noise continues while the coils are burning.
If the humming sound increases and does not stop, there could be something wrong with the coil or its attachment to the hob.
The sparking noise coming from your electric stove could result from loose wiring or defective heating elements. Most of the parts in the heating element are metal, so any loose connection could initiate a spark anytime.
A broken spark plug or spark electrode can produce a spark in seconds. Do not splice on your own, as handling electrical matters is deadly. Call an experienced electrician or bring your electric stove for repair.
The ticking noise from your electric stove could come from the internal settings of the switch. This means that there is an electrical malfunction happening inside the wiring of the controller button.
Let your professional stove dealer or repairman check the electrical wiring of your stove and fix the issue. Don't attempt to do it by yourself.
PRO TIP: Is it dangerous when you hear a clicking noise? Sometimes it is. When the igniter is blocked, it is hazardous for the coil to heat without letup.
Signs You Need a New Electric Stove
When we encounter troubles with our home appliances, such as electric stoves, the first thing in mind is to call the repair guy.
Hoping that your appliance is under warranty, you get to enjoy a free service to fix your electric stove, especially when it is making weird noises.
An electric stove that is beyond repair means you have to say goodbye. Though it is not evident on your part because you are not an expert on electrical matters, here we give you hints that you should start thinking about buying a new electric stove and replacing the broken one.
- Broken plug and fuse box: If after trying to use other outlets but your stove doesn't on, there's something wrong with the electrical circuit breaker or power supply.
- Not heating/rapid heating: if you encounter any of these two electrical issues, have the knobs checked. If they are not the source of non-heating or overheating, it could be loose coils or coil failure. Coils are failing to glow red means you should replace them.
- Scorched countertops: When you notice that the countertop of your stove is turning yellow, it is having trouble controlling the heat. This indicates the cooling fan isn't working anymore or the seal is worn out, and the unit has to go.
How Long Does the Cooling fan on an Electric Cooktop Run?
The cooling fan in an electric stove serves as a supplement to quicken and balance the heat distribution in the cooking. This cooling fan takes a while to cool after cooking. It would take around an hour and a half or less for it to cool down completely.
The other essential purpose of the convection fan wall oven is to dissipate hot air faster. This is effective if you leave the convection oven door open. But if one oven fan blade is broken, it is not that efficient.
- Bad top burners: You can exchange bad burners for working burners. But if the burner still doesn't heat, it could be the socket of the switch.
How Long Does the Surface of an Electric Cooktop Stay Hot?
- The cooling down of your electric stove cooktop depends on how long you use the burners and how many burners you use simultaneously.
- If it takes ten minutes to heat them, it is longer to cool down unless you lower the heat instantly. You can use a cold cloth to wipe the surface if you feel the top has cooled down enough to touch.
- Most electric stoves have indicator lights saying that the burner is off.
Can Electric Stoves Explode?
An explosion will only happen for severe coil or heating element problems. The start of sparks often come from loose wiring connections and defective sockets.
Since the current is a powerful and dangerous energy, it can start a fire with a slight flicker. So, depending on the scenario, yes, electric stoves can explode.
For gas appliances, the spark module is faulty when you see a slight spark between the ignitor and the edge of the gas stove burner.
PRO TIP: Electric stoves last for around 10 to 15 years. An old age stove more than that needs replacing because even parts keep updating in time.
It is your daily life that is at stake here. Don't settle for old and failing electrical appliances such as your electric stove. Take note that cooking is not just an everyday activity, depending on how many times you cook and eat in a day. So it is only expected that your electric stove will burn out from its normal function.
Carelessness is also a factor in why your stove may not be functioning well and creates unusual noises when you cook and even when it is off.
Whatever the case could be, if it is out of the repairman's hands, it is time to shop for a new electric stove to save you money, time, and life. Even the skilled stove technician would recommend the same if he didn't figure out the real issue.
Enjoy your peace of mind while cooking, knowing that you saved a ton of money on needless repairs by purchasing a brand-new unit and protecting your home from fire.
If you wish to find similar articles that deal with sound and noise, you will be surprised that there's more to learn! So keep in the know all the time.
Robert is an electronic engineer with more than five years of experience with a solid affinity for helping people reduce noise. He writes about these silent home appliances and easy soundproofing measures to help everyone avoid the negative effect of extended exposure to high noise levels.


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7 Logging Last Resource Transaction Optimization
This chapter describes how WebLogic Server supports Logging Last Resource (LLR) transaction optimization through JDBC data sources. LLR is a performance enhancement option that enables one non-XA resource to participate in a global transaction with the same ACID guarantee as XA.
LLR is a refinement of the "Last Agent Optimization." It differs from Last Agent Optimization in that it is transactionally safe. The LLR resource uses a local transaction for its transaction work. The WebLogic Server transaction manager prepares all other resources in the transaction and then determines the commit decision for the global transaction based on the outcome of the LLR resource's local transaction.
In a global two-phase commit (2PC) transaction with an LLR participant, the WebLogic Server transaction manager follows these basic steps:
The following sections provide more information about LLR transaction processing in WebLogic Server:
For more information about the advantages of LLR, see "Understanding the Logging Last Resource Transaction Option" in Configuring and Managing JDBC Data Sources for Oracle WebLogic Server.
About the LLR Optimization Transaction Optimization
In many cases a global transaction becomes a two-phase commit (2PC) transaction because it involves a database operation (using JDBC) and another non-database operation, such as a message queueing operation (using JMS). In cases such as this where there is one database participant in a 2PC transaction, the Logging Last Resource (LLR) Optimization transaction option can significantly improve transaction performance by eliminating some XA overhead for database processing and by avoiding the use of JDBC XA drivers, which typically are less efficient than non-XA drivers. The LLR transaction option does not incur the same data risks as borne by the Emulate Two-Phase Commit JDBC data source option and the NonXAResource resource adapter (Connector) option.
Logging Last Resource Processing Details
At server boot or data source deployment, LLR data sources load or create a table on the database from which the data source pools database connections. The table is created in the schema determined by the user specified to create database connections. If the database table cannot be created or loaded, then server boot fails.
Within a global transaction, the first connection obtained from an LLR data source reserves an internal JDBC connection that is dedicated to the transaction. The internal JDBC connection is reserved on the specific server that is also the transactions' coordinator. All subsequent transaction operations on any connections obtained from a same-named data source on any server are routed to this same single internal JDBC connection.
When an LLR transaction is committed, the WebLogic Server transaction manager handles the processing transparently. From an application perspective, the transaction semantics remain the same, but from an internal perspective, the transaction is handled differently than standard XA transactions. When the application commits the global transaction, the WebLogic Server transaction manager atomically commits the local transaction on the LLR connection before committing transaction work on any other transaction participants. For a two-phase commit transaction, the transaction manager also writes a 2PC record on the database as part of the same local transaction. After the local transaction completes successfully, the transaction manager calls commit on all other global transaction participants. After all other transaction participants complete the commit phase, the related LLR 2PC transaction record is freed for deletion. The transaction manager lazily deletes the transaction record after a short interval or with another local transaction.
If the application rolls back the global transaction or the transaction times out, the transaction manager rolls back the work in the local transaction and does not store a 2PC record in the database.
To enable the LLR transaction optimization, you create a JDBC data source with the Logging Last Resource transaction protocol, then use database connections from the data source in your applications. WebLogic Server automatically creates the required table on the database.
See "Create LLR-enabled JDBC data sources" in the Oracle WebLogic Server Administration Console Help. Also see "Understanding the Logging Last Resource Transaction Option" in Configuring and Managing JDBC Data Sources for Oracle WebLogic Server.
For a list of data source configuration and usage requirements and limitations, see the following topics in Configuring and Managing JDBC Data Sources for Oracle WebLogic Server:
LLR Database Table Details
Each WebLogic server instance maintains a database "LLR" table on the database to which a JDBC LLR data source pools database connections. These tables are used for storing transaction log records, and are automatically created. If multiple LLR data sources are deployed on the same WebLogic server instance and connect to the same database instance and database schema, they also share the same LLR table.
LLR table names are automatically generated unless administrators choose to configure them. The default table name is WL_LLR_SERVERNAME. For some DBMS systems, the maximum length for a table name is 18 characters. You should consider maximum table name length when configuring your environment.
Note the following restrictions regarding LLR database tables:
To change the table name used to store transaction log records for the resource, follow these steps:
 1. In the Change Center in the upper-left corner of the Administration Console window, click Lock & Edit to start a configuration editing session.
 2. On the Servers: Configuration: General page, click to Advanced to show the advanced configuration options. See
 3. In JDBC LLR Table Name, enter the name of the table to use to store transaction records for the resource, then click Save. See "Servers: Configuration: General" in Oracle WebLogic Server Administration Console Help.
 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each server on which the LLR-enabled data source is deployed.
 5. Click Activate Changes in the Change Center.
 You must restart all servers for the change to take effect.
LLR Table Transaction Log Records
For each committed 2PC LLR transaction, the transaction manager automatically inserts a transaction record into an LLR database table. Once LLR transactions complete, the transaction manager lazily deletes their transaction records. If an LLR table transaction log record delete fails, the server logs a warning message and retry the delete again later.
If you move a database that contains LLR transaction records, ensure that you move the LLR table contents to the new database so that transactions can be completed properly.
Do not manually delete the LLR transaction records or the LLR table in a production system. Doing so can lead to silent heuristic transaction failures which are not logged.
Failure and Recovery Processing for LLR
In general, the WebLogic transaction manager processes transaction failures in the following way:
Coordinating Server Crash
If a transaction's coordinating server crashes before an LLR resource stores its transaction log record or before an LLR resource commits, the transaction rolls back. If the server crashes after the LLR resource is committed, the transactions eventually fully commit. During server boot, the transaction coordinator uses the LLR resource to read the transaction log record from the database and then use the recovered information to commit any unfinished work on any participating non-LLR XA resources.
JDBC Connection Failure
If the JDBC connection in an LLR resource fails during a 2PC transaction record insert, the transaction manager rolls back the transaction.
If the JDBC connection in an LLR resource fails during the commit of the local transaction, the result depends on whether the transaction is a one-phase commit (1PC, where the LLR resource is the only participant) or 2PC:
 - For a 1PC transaction, the transaction are fully committed, fully rolled back, or block waiting for the resolution of the local transaction. The outcome of the transaction is fully ACID because it is eventually fully committed or fully rolled back.
 - For a 2PC transaction, the outcome is as described in Failure and Recovery Processing for LLR.
LLR Transaction Recover During Server Startup
During server startup, the transaction manager for each WebLogic server must recover incomplete transactions coordinated by the server, including LLR transactions. To do so, each server attempts to read the transaction records from the LLR database tables for each LLR data source. If the server cannot access the LLR database tables or if the recovery fails, the server instance does not start and the transaction manager marks the server with a bad health state: HealthState.HEALTH_FAILED.
If a timeout occurs during recovery, it may be due to unresolved local transactions that have locked rows within the LLR log tables. Such local transactions must be resolved so that the transaction manager can determine the state of the global transaction whose record is stored in the locked row. Local database transactions can only be diagnosed and resolved using each database's specific tools (the commands differ from database to database).
Failover Considerations for LLR
Consider the following notes and limitations regarding failover with LLR:
 - A transaction log (TLog) is still required for LLR transactions:
 - TLog still stores transaction manager "checkpoint" records
 - TLog must still be reachable or copied on failover
 - LLR supports server migration and transaction recovery service migration. To use the transaction recovery service migration, ensure that each LLR resource be targeted to either the cluster or the set of candidate servers in the cluster. See Recovering Transactions For a Failed Clustered Server.
Optimizing Performance with LLR
This section includes the following information:
Optimizing Transaction Coordinator Location
Within a global transaction with an LLR participant, WebLogic Server automatically routes


text:
Definition: The PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) is a technique used in the planning and controlling of large scale projects. Simply, PERT is the statistical tool used to represent the set of activities (task), required to be performed for the completion of the project.
PERT is a planning and controlling tool for the management that provides the complete roadmap of activities involved in the completion of a project, along with the estimated time required for the completion of each task and the minimum time needed for the whole project to get completed.
PERT is used majorly for analyzing the project scheduling problems, wherein the time needed for the completion of each task and the whole project as a whole is uncertain. Thus, PERT lays emphasis on the uncertainty of completion time of the activities involved in the project. It is probabilistic in nature and hence is much used in the research and development projects.
A PERT Chart is created to represent a set of activities along with the estimated time (generally, in weeks) for its completion on a graph. It shows that for a completion of activities in the series the predecessor activities must be completed before beginning a new activity.
The activity is a task, and the event is the milestone. In the chart, the activity and task are represented by arcs and nodes as shown in the figure below:
In the graph, the milestones are numbered so that it is easily identifiable that the last node has a higher number than the beginning node. The activities are shown by the letters along with the expected time required for the completion of each activity. In this way, the management plots a graph and plan about the activities involved in a project and estimate the time needed for its completion.


text:
Skip to Main Content
Voltage suppression devices are needed in electronic systems to prevent damage to electrical components from electrical overstress (EOS) and electrostatic discharge (ESD) events. A low capacitance, polymer voltage-suppressor (PVS) device is evaluated using various testing techniques that combine transmission line pulse (TLP) test system, direct discharge HBM, and a system-level ESD gun. Additionally, test methods for integrating PVS devices for system-level ESD protection of cell phone GaAs radio frequency (RF) switches and Gigabit Ethernet server semiconductors will be shown. Our work demonstrates the need for integration of device-level and system-level test methodologies for correlation between component ESD survivability and system-level ESD concerns.


text:
One of the busiest shipping areas in the 1700's was
the passage between Nantucket and the mainland.
The route between Great Point (or Sandy Point, as it was known)
was one of the most hazardous. In 1770, residents of Nantucket
formed a committee to persuade the General Court of Massachusetts
to build a lighthouse at Great Point. They later sent a local
representative to "use his influence" to gain support
for the lighthouse.
In 1784, a total of 1389 pounds was allocated for construction
of the lighthouse. The first Great Point Light (also known as Nantucket Light)
was built in 1785. The original wooden tower initially had no keeper's house at the site -
the keeper had to travel seven miles across the barrier beach to and from the
The first keeper was Captain Paul Pinkham. Pinkham was initially paid $166.66 a year -
a figure later increased due to the hardships of maintaining the station.
Eventually a residence was built near the station.
Keeper Pinkham resupplied the station by driving a horse and cart to Coatue,
across from the town of Nantucket, left his horse in a shed he had constructed
at the beach, and rowed across the channel into town.
During his time at the light, Pinkham created the first accurate chart of the nearby
shoals. This chart proved invaluable to mariners. Pinkham presided at Great Point
when responsibility for the station was turned over to the Federal Government in 1789.
In 1795, thieves stole keeper Pinkham's boat and used it to rob the Nantucket Bank.
Keeper Pinkham died in 1799, and was replaced by George Swain.
Jonathan Coffin, the next keeper, was forced to resume the long trek
to the light when a fire destroyed the keeper's residence in 1812.
Coffin petitioned directly to the Secretary of the Treasury, Albert Gallatin,
and was granted hardship pay for the arduous journey.
The original tower was destroyed by fire in November 1816 - arson was suspected,
but never proven. Due to the importance of the location, $7500 was quickly allocated
for a new lighthouse. A temporary wooden skeleton light tower was installed
during construction. The stone tower was completed in early 1818 for $7385.12.
The tower was 60 feet tall, and whitewashed for greater visibility.
The 14 lamps were visible 11 miles away.
The keeper's house was not replaced until 1825, when
a new stone structure was built with a covered walkway to the lighthouse.
Several major renovations took place during the light's history.
In 1857, a third-order Fresnel lens was installed
An assistant keeper's house was added, and the
tower lined with brick. The lantern room was replaced in 1861.
The residences were replaced with a new double-keeper's dwelling in 1889.
The presence of the lighthouse failed to prevent shipwrecks. Between
1863 and 1890 there were 43 wrecks off Great Point.
Mariners were apparently unable to distinguish Great Point
with the Cross Rip an Handkerchief lightships - all fixed lights.
The problem was finally remedied in 1889 when a red panel was placed
in the lantern room at Great Point to mark the Cross Rip Shoal area.
Great Point Light was automated in the 1950's. The keeper's residence
was boarded up. On October 23, 1966, a suspicious fire burned the
keeper's residence to the ground. In 1971, the Fresnel lens was replaced
with a modern optic. As time passed, erosion
brought the sea closer and closer to the lighthouse.
While there was much discussion on how to save the tower,
nothing was done, nor was the funding available. In 1981, the Coast
Guard estimated moving the lighthouse would cost $450,000.
Some maintenance did occur - in November 1983, the Coast Guard
repainted and refurbished the tower.
The preservation efforts were too late.
On March 29, 1984, the lighthouse was destroyed in a hurricane-force storm.
No one learned of the collapse until the following morning, when the
point was seen from the air.
The storm also created a break in the barrier beach, temporarily turning
Great Point into an island.
When the Coast Guard proposed placing a skeleton tower at the point,
the islanders vetoed the proposal. To maintain the historical
character of the island, a replica of the 1818 tower was built.
The new tower was erected three hundred yards west of the previous tower.
It was 70 feet tall, and used exterior rubblestone from the 1818 light.
The inner core was reinforced concrete, and the interior lined with brick.
The tower foundation was sunk 35 feet below ground.
An aluminum spiral staircase was installed, and the modern optic powered
by solar panels. The red sector was also replaced.
The cost of the new light was $1 million, and was funded by an
amendment to the Continuing Resolution of 1817, which appropriated
funds for the 1818 light.
The new tower was lit on September 6, 1986, and remains an active aid to navigation.
Nantucket Lights, Butler pp. 43-64
Lighthouses of Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket - Their History and Lore, Clark pp. 146-151
The Lighthouses of New England, Snow pp. 278-284, 286
Massachusetts Lighthouses - A Pictorial Guide, Thompson pp. 106-107
Lighthouses and Life Saving Stations Along the Massachusetts Coast, Claflin p. 103
New England Lighthouses, Roberts and Jones p. 75
Lighthouses of Massachusetts, Roberts and Jones pp. 71


text:
Collaborative Mapping and Search for Autonomous Helicopters
Johnson, Eric N.
Magree, Daniel P.
Mooney, John G.
MetadataShow full item record
This paper describes recent results from a partnership between the Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation and the Georgia Institute of Technology to develop, improve, and flight test a multi-aircraft collaborative architecture, focused on decentralized autonomous decision-making. The architecture includes a finite-state machine, Voronoi mapping strategy, and real-time information sharing system designed to solve a challenge problem. The architecture was implemented on a pair of Yamaha RMax helicopters outfitted with modular avionics, as well as an associated set of simulation tools. Simulation results for single- and multiple-aircraft scenarios are presented, along with a quadratic relationship between mapping speed and task completion time. Further work suggested includes validation of simulation results in flight test with two real aircraft, as well as further exploration between search problem parameters and theoretical optimal performance.


text:
Definition of barn :
1. A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm. In the United States a part of the barn is often used for stables.
2. To lay up in a barn.
group B, brooder, aviary, cowshed, type B, bacillus, coop, sty, dairy, cow barn, Dutch barn, shed, B, cote, vitamin B, bullock lodge, kennel, cow house, hutch, vitamin B complex, farmstead, atomic number 5, doghouse, fold, outhouse, shelter, pen, boron, farmhouse, mow pad, byre, chicken house
- Ruth kept right on from the barn, across the field, into the " old place." - "We Girls: A Home Story", Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney.
- Like the building of a fire under the barn to keep his cat warm. - "The Wide Awake Girls in Winsted", Katharine Ellis Barrett.
- Roger stood there waiting, then turned and walked slowly out of the barn. - "His Family", Ernest Poole.


text:
The NSW Government is seeking feedback from the motor vehicle sales, recycling and repair sectors as it undertakes a review of the Motor Dealers and Repairers Act 2013.
Fair Trading Commissioner, Rose Webb, said the legislation establishes a regulatory framework covering the operations of motor dealers, recyclers, repairers, and related trades.
The regulation of the automotive industry is important as it impacts many members of the community – car owners, drivers and their passengers.
"As part of the review process, a Motor Dealers and Repairers Act Discussion Paper has been released to gain feedback on whether the Act effectively regulates the automotive industry in NSW," Ms Webb said.
"The industry and consumers can offer important insights into whether existing legislation provides effective consumer protections while effectively regulating and licencing the industry.
"This review process is vital in ensuring the legislation is contemporary, fit-for-purpose and meets the challenges faced by the industry such as rapid developments in technology with hybrid and electric vehicles, and new ways of doing business," Ms Webb said.
Fair Trading is seeking feedback from industry stakeholders, consumers and members of the public on the ways in which the regulation of the automotive industry could better meet the demands of the industry and consumers.
"The NSW Government wants to hear from people who work in and have experience with the industry about their views or concerns," Ms Webb said.
"We will consider all submissions, with a report to be tabled in both houses of Parliament by 1 December."
Feedback can be provided through the online form for this consultation at: _URL_
More detailed submissions can be made by responding to the questions in the discussion paper.
Detailed submissions can be emailed to [email protected]
Submissions close at midnight on 14 August 2020.


Wednesday, February 13, 2013
Android FaceDetection
How could a book application interact with facial detection?
If Harry Potter has taught me anything, it is that any book can conceal a rotten core of evil, or a path to enlightenment. And yes, your typical book will not communicate by talking, or bleeding...
On the other hand, I've been experimenting with the FaceDetection capabilities which Android ICS introduced. A front facing camera can take a snapshot, say, each time you advance a page while you are reading. FaceDetection can do several things; for instance, count faces, track eyes and mouthes to see who is smiling, and register when a reader is new.
So the book can recognize the audience, as a proxy for the author. Consider this: as you are reading a book, it could refuse to go to the next page until you shared the text with another set of eyes. Perhaps more useful, a book app could track progress for a number of readers, based on their faces.
Wheels within wheels - well we're at it, the more I work with Firefox OS and Gaia, the more I want to use it as a platform to build a more interactive ePub reader, leveraging the Web Activity model. See below. Think books which can talk to each other using Web Activity sharing.
The thing is, FacialDetection may be easily fooled by a photograph... Might not be as secure as exchanging secure tokens, but once an application has authenticated that token, it can remain authenticated until the status of the detected face or faces changes, based on periodic snapshots.
Once authenticated with a single face, an app could drop authentication when this face goes away or a face is added. As long as your face is associated with a secure token, and your face does not change, this should be satisfactory to maintain authentication.
What are some ways a book app could interact differently if it could recognize its audience?
Tom Riddle me this.


text:
As of the third week of August, the cultivation of rainy season rice in Cambodia has achieved more than 2.6 million hectares, or 101.90 percent of the yearly plan.
The figures were shared by H.E. Veng Sakhon, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in a Facebook post this morning.
The rice cultivation reached only 94.74 percent during the same period last year, H.E. Minister added.
H.E. Veng Sakhon continued that the "light rice" harvest during the early rainy season 2021 rose to 1,267,791 tonnes, a year-on-year increase of 789,151 tonnes, or some 4.2 tonnes per hectare on average.
But at the same time, about 67,942 hectares of rice fields in the provinces of Banteay Meanchey, Kandal, Pursat, and Siem Reap have been being affected by drought, or 2.56 percent of the total rice fields nationwide, he said.
For the growing of subsidiary crops (white corn, sweet potatoes, vegetables, chili, watermelon), he pointed out, 51,537 hectares or 95.66 percent of the yearly target have been achieved, while that of industrial crops (red corn, cassava, beans, peanuts, soybeans, sesame, sugarcane, etc. ) attained 93.46 percent or 766,375 hectares.


Contents - Index
Master Pitch Range, Pitch Tab
User Level: Basic, Advanced
MIDI File Usage: Playback, Notate
Normally, you should try to restrict the pitch range to the smallest possible range that contains all notes present in the audio file, but not beyond. This will improve both conversion speed and accuracy. You can use the Auto Detect feature to help set this range. You can in theory specify a pitch range from C0 up to G10 (MIDI note numbers 0 through 127, if the sample rate of the audio file is 44100 Hz), assuming Middle C is C5 (MIDI note number 60), but we don't recommend it. A larger range also requires more memory. For comparison, a piano has a pitch range of A1 to C9. The default range changes based on the range of the Audio Instrument you select. Generally, a 4 octave range is sufficient. Be especially careful not to set the Low note too high; if the created MIDI file contains many wrong notes, try lowering the Low note by an octave. (If you have the Ensemble Edition of intelliScore and you are using an ensemble that contains multiple pitch ranges, the pitch range on the Pitch tab sets the overall range; pitches outside the overall range are ignored even if one or more of the ensembles pitch ranges include them. The pitch range on the Pitch tab is duplicated as the Master Pitch Range in the Ensemble Editor; changes to one affect the other.) You can specify the pitch range by using the slider, or by typing the note value in the High and Low boxes. To set the low note using the slider, drag the slider knob down to the desired value. The value you select is displayed in the Low box. To set the high note, drag the slider knob up to the desired value while pressing the key. The value you select is displayed in the High box.
The first example has a pitch range of E5 - G5. The second example has a pitch range of E5 - E6.


Mosley, Nicholas
war deal politics british
(British, 1923– )
Mosley's complex novels are serious and morally questioning, sometimes told in narrative fragments; their subjects are politics, science, and religion. This daunting combination is rendered palatable, however, by the relationships and human emotions with which his books also deal. The change from the realism of his early work to a more experimental style was signalled by Accident (1965); narrated by a philosophy don in an elliptical fashion, it concerns a triangular affair and was made into a film by Joseph Losey. Mosley's major novel is Hopeful Monsters (1990, Whitbread award), part of a project attempting to deal with the history of twentieth-century politics and experience. Spanning the period from 1919 to 1939, with a post-war epilogue, this is cast in the form of exchanges between a German-Jewish woman and a British scientist, ending with a moving reconciliation in old age. Children of Darkness and Light (1996) is a thriller with spiritual and political elements, featuring a previously cynical journalist investigating strange events involving children in Cumbria and war-ravaged Bosnia.
Iris Murdoch, William Golding JS
Mosley, Walter [next] [back] Mosco, Maisie
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Starting November 20, the site will be set to read-only. On December 4, 2023,
forum discussions will move to the Trailblazer Community.
+ Start a Discussion
UpendraUpendra
What is the disadvantages of a formula field compare to text field?
I want to populate a parent field value in a chaild field for displaying in a standard visual force page. So, I thought I will create a formula field for the same, but one of my collegue said don't create formula field, create a text field and assign the text field value while creating the child record in trigger.
So, I just want to know, which approach is better and why?
NOTE: The parent child relationship is lookup relationship.
Best Answer chosen by Upendra
FearNoneFearNone
Hi Upendra,
Formula field values are NOT stored in the database and are calculated after each time records are being read from database. If you can imagine, this can make things slow down. You see, even if values where not changed, formula calculation has still to be processed.
As your friend suggested, it is better to write/update the value during trigger. Thus saving you a process time.
Hope this can help.
All Answers
FearNoneFearNone
Hi Upendra,
Formula field values are NOT stored in the database and are calculated after each time records are being read from database. If you can imagine, this can make things slow down. You see, even if values where not changed, formula calculation has still to be processed.
As your friend suggested, it is better to write/update the value during trigger. Thus saving you a process time.
Hope this can help.
This was selected as the best answer
Mohan ChanderMohan Chander
Hi Upendra,
Why would i want to create a trigger just to populate a field value?? Although formual fields take some processing i dont think we would explictly need to write trigger for this scenario. We can as well make it an input field and populate it via process builder and then as the field is read only its ok to use formula field


text:
A33. propagation along a channel
The purpose of this test is to verify the influence of diffraction for waves propagating along a channel. The amplitude of the waves decays in axial direction due to loss of energy in lateral direction. The waves computed by Swan are Compared with an analytical solution taken from Booij (1981). This analytical solution was validated by measurements, see Booij (1981). The axis of the channel is in N-S direction.
At the Southern boundary an incident wave field is assumed which propagates from the Southern boundary in N direction. The peak period is 10 s.
In the analytical solution the amplitude along the axis is constant. Computed values for Hs along the axis are compared with the analytical results.
3 cases are considered:
The highest panel shows the decay of Hs along the channel.
It is seen that diffraction enhances the decay. Diffraction in Swan
does not give enough decay if compared with the analytical solution.


text:
Microsoft DOS rd and rmdir command
Removes an empty directory in MS-DOS. To delete directories with files or directories within them the user must use the deltree command, or if you are running Microsoft Windows 2000 or Windows XP use the /S option.
The rd and rmdir commands are internal commands and are available in the below Microsoft operating systems.
Removes (deletes) a directory.
Windows 2000 and Windows XP Syntax.
RMDIR [/S] [/Q] [drive:]path
RD [/S] [/Q] [drive:]path
|/S||Removes all directories and files in the specified directory in addition to the directory itself. Used to remove a directory tree.|
|/Q||Quiet mode, do not ask if ok to remove a directory tree with /S.|
If a directory contains files or folders when attempting to delete the directory you will receive "The directory is not empty." error message. If you want to delete directories that are full, use the deltree command or if you're using Windows 2000 or later use the below example with the /s switch.
Remove the test directory, if empty.
rmdir c:\test /s
Windows 2000, Windows XP and later versions of Windows can use this option with a prompt to permanently delete the test directory and all subdirectories and files. Adding the /q switch would suppress the prompt.


Have a symptom?
See what questions
a doctor would ask.
Diseases » Suffocation » Summary
What is Suffocation?
What is Suffocation?
 - Suffocation: A state of asphyxiation that results in the arrest of respiration.
 - Suffocation: A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen, manifested in impending or actual cessation of life.
 Source - Diseases Database
 - Suffocation: killing by depriving of oxygen.
 Source - WordNet 2.1
Suffocation: Introduction
Types of Suffocation:
Broader types of Suffocation:
How many people get Suffocation?
Incidence (annual) of Suffocation: 1,388 annual cases in Victoria 1996 of suffocation and foreign bodies (DHS-VIC)
Incidence Rate of Suffocation: approx 1 in 3,285 or 0.03% or 82,790 people in USA [about data]
How serious is Suffocation?
Complications of Suffocation: see complications of Suffocation
Deaths for Suffocation: 10,376 annual cases in USA 1995 (IOM); 6.1 per 100,000 in Canada 19971
What causes Suffocation?
Causes of Suffocation: see causes of Suffocation
Risk factors for Suffocation: see risk factors for Suffocation
What are the symptoms of Suffocation?
Symptoms of Suffocation: see symptoms of Suffocation
Complications of Suffocation: see complications of Suffocation
Suffocation: Testing
Diagnostic testing: see tests for Suffocation.
Misdiagnosis: see misdiagnosis and Suffocation.
How is it treated?
Doctors and Medical Specialists for Suffocation: Emergency Medical Physician ; see also doctors and medical specialists for Suffocation.
Treatments for Suffocation: see treatments for Suffocation
Organs Affected by Suffocation:
Organs and body systems related to Suffocation include:
Name and Aliases of Suffocation
Main name of condition: Suffocation
Class of Condition for Suffocation: physical
Other names or spellings for Suffocation:
Asphyxiation Source - Diseases Database
Source - WordNet 2.1
Suffocation: Related Conditions
Research the causes of these diseases that are similar to, or related to, Suffocation:
1. Canadian Injury Data, Statistics Canada, _PHONE_


++ed by:
SYXANASH ARJONES DBOEHMER TOMITA PWBENNETT
80 PAUSE users
62 non-PAUSE users.
Gisle Aas
NAME
WWW::RobotsRules - Parse robots.txt files
SYNOPSIS
 require WWW::RobotRules;
 my $robotsrules = new WWW::RobotRules 'MOMspider/1.0';
 use LWP::Simple qw(get);
 $url = "_URL_
 my $robots_txt = get $url;
 $robotsrules->parse($url, $robots_txt);
 $url = "_URL_
 my $robots_txt = get $url;
 $robotsrules->parse($url, $robots_txt);
 # Now we are able to check if a URL is valid for those servers that
 # we have obtained and parsed "robots.txt" files for.
 if($robotsrules->allowed($url)) {
 $c = get $url;
 ...
 }
DESCRIPTION
This module parses a /robots.txt file as specified in "A Standard for Robot Exclusion", described in <_URL_ Webmasters can use the /robots.txt file to disallow conforming robots access to parts of their web site.
The parsed file is kept in the WWW::RobotRules object, and this object provides methods to check if access to a given URL is prohibited. The same WWW::RobotRules object can parse multiple /robots.txt files.
The following methods are provided:
$rules = WWW::RobotRules->new($robot_name)
This is the constructor for WWW::RobotRules objects. The first argument given to new() is the name of the robot.
$rules->parse($url, $content, $fresh_until)
The parse() method takes as arguments the URL that was used to retrieve the /robots.txt file, and the contents of the file.
$rules->allowed($url)
Returns TRUE if this robot is allowed to retrieve this URL.
$rules->agent([$name])
Get/set the agent name. NOTE: Changing the agent name will clear the robots.txt rules and expire times out of the cache.
ROBOTS.TXT
The format and semantics of the "/robots.txt" file are as follows (this is an edited abstract of <_URL_
The file consists of one or more records separated by one or more blank lines. Each record contains lines of the form
 <field-name>: <value>
The field name is case insensitive. Text after the '#' character on a line is ignored during parsing. This is used for comments. The following <field-names> can be used:
User-Agent
The value of this field is the name of the robot the record is describing access policy for. If more than one User-Agent field is present the record describes an identical access policy for more than one robot. At least one field needs to be present per record. If the value is '*', the record describes the default access policy for any robot that has not not matched any of the other records.
Disallow
The value of this field specifies a partial URL that is not to be visited. This can be a full path, or a partial path; any URL that starts with this value will not be retrieved
ROBOTS.TXT EXAMPLES
The following example "/robots.txt" file specifies that no robots should visit any URL starting with "/cyberworld/map/" or "/tmp/":
 User-agent: *
 Disallow: /cyberworld/map/ # This is an infinite virtual URL space
 Disallow: /tmp/ # these will soon disappear
This example "/robots.txt" file specifies that no robots should visit any URL starting with "/cyberworld/map/", except the robot called "cybermapper":
 User-agent: *
 Disallow: /cyberworld/map/ # This is an infinite virtual URL space
 # Cybermapper knows where to go.
 User-agent: cybermapper
 Disallow:
This example indicates that no robots should visit this site further:
 # go away
 User-agent: *
 Disallow: /
SEE ALSO
LWP::RobotUA, WWW::RobotRules::AnyDBM_File


text:
New hot air balloon for Bruges Balloon flights
Bruges Ballooning will be back in the air, flying their balloons over the historic city of Bruges, from half March, 2017.
Balloon rides over Bruges, Belgium start again from April 2016...
Afraid of the COLD?
Why it is actually warmer in a hot air balloon.
Many people are a bit hesitant to buy a balloon trip because they think it will be very cold up there.
Now for some reasons, it is NOT.
First of all: there is a huge flame above our heads, keeping the balloon at about 100°C (200° F) and even if heat rises, still some of it benefits the passengers in the basket below.
Secondly: the radiation heat of the hot balloon envelope down to the basket, combined with the radiation heat from the burner, heats us too!
Third and more important reason: as you travel in a balloon, you are like a cloud; you fly WITH the wind, so you don't feel any wind-chill factor. Even if flying at 50mph, there still is no breeze whatsoever, to be felt in the basket. It is like being behind a glass window...
Fourth and equally important: on morning flights, the earth's surface is a lot colder, but only the surface. Once we climb as little as 200ft or 300f, we immediately feel a temperature increase of up to 15°. This is called temperature inversion, and it is present every morning!
So don't hesitate and join us for an incredible balloon flight over the heart of Europe.


text:
The number of beta adrenergic binding sites (Bmax) in human lymphocyte membranes has been reported to decrease, remain the same, or increase with age. In order to address this issue, we used two highly specific beta receptor ligands with lymphocytes from healthy aged (range: 51-90 years) and young (19-39 years) subjects in two separate studies. Because depression can reduce Bmax, potential aged subjects were excluded if they had high scores on tests for depression. Bmax was higher in the aged group of each study (33% higher in the first, p < .01, and 72.5% in the second, p < .02); the results were similar in both studies. Antagonist affinity did not differ between young and aged groups in either study. We suggest that some of the discrepancies in the literature could be due to differences in age ranges used or to inclusion of depressed subjects in prior studies.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Journal||Journals of Gerontology|
|State||Published - 1991|
ASJC Scopus subject areas


New Center for AnimalHuman Studies
In the Netherlands, a new Center for AnimalHuman Studies (Centrum voor DierMens Studies) has just been founded.
AnimalHuman Studies is a fast growing interdisciplinary field which researches the complex relationship between animals and between humans and other animals. What place do other animals have in the cultural and social world of humans? In what ways do people communicate with animals and vice verse? In AnimalHuman Studies many different disciplines work together: socials sciences (sociology, anthropology, psychology, political science, geography), humanities (history, linguistics, literature studies, media studies, philosophy), natural sciences (ethology, animal sciences, animal welfare studies, comparative psychology).
The Center for AnimalHuman Studies in the Netherlands is a platform for researchers, teachers, students and others in the Netherlands who focus on the relationship between humans and other animals. The Center for AnimalHuman Studies is intended as a platform to exchange and provide knowledge on Animal humans studies.
You can join their network and find useful information on courses on animal-human relations in the Netherlands and abroad on their website, as well as an overview of websites, academic journals, and similar organizations. Spread the word!
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100 number
From Example Problems
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Template:Numbers 100s
Cardinal one hundred
Ordinal 100th (one hundredth)
Divisors 2, 4, 5, 10,
20, 25, 50
Roman numeral C
Unicode representation of Roman numeral Ⅽ, ⅽ
prefixes hecto-/hect- (from Greek)
centi- (from Latin)
Binary _PHONE_
Hexadecimal 64
Hebrew ק (Qof)
In mathematics
One hundred is the square of 10 (in scientific notation it is written as ). The standard SI prefix for a hundred is "hecto-".
In astronomy
The Messier object M100, a magnitude 10.5 spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices.
The New General Catalogue object NGC 100, a magnitude 13.3 spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces.
In other fields
One hundred is also:
See also
ca:Cent da:100 (tal) es:Cien eo:Cent fr:100 (nombre) ko:100 ia:100 it:Cento (numero) nl:Honderd (getal) ja:100 pl:Sto ru:100 (число) sl:100 (število) sv:100 (tal) zh:100


text:
This report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. This is the final report of the Defense Science Board (DSB) Quick Task Force on Defense Applications of 5G Network Technology. The Task Force completed an extensive technical review of the state-of-the-art in fifth generation (5G) communications and related technology and offers important recommendations on how the Department should approach adoption of 5G network technology. The study's findings apply to six overarching areas: enhanced mission capabilities; leveraging existing network software, infrastructure, and hardware; spectrum; security; supply chain; and standards. The report provides key recommendations which align with a proposed DoD 5G Strategy to help the Department successfully and securely adopt 5G network technologies. I fully endorse all the recommendations contained in this report and urge their careful consideration and soonest adoption.
This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.
The Task Force analyzed 5G technology programs across the DoD, U.S. Government Agencies, Industry and Academia and, based upon their findings, developed a proposed DoD 5G Strategy. If adopted and acted upon expeditiously, this strategy will provide the Department with a near-term plan to ensure a vibrant U.S. research and development (R&D) base for "5G and beyond" telecommunications standards, capabilities and industry; long-term U.S. competitiveness in the global communications and network base; and a safe, secure, trustworthy and resilient communications infrastructure option for the U.S. at home or abroad, our Allies and treaty partners. This report provides key recommendations to help the Department successfully and securely adopt 5G network technologies. The committee believes that the recommendations contained in this report are executable in less than five years, with many actionable in the immediate future. The committee encourages quick adoption of these recommendations, or we jeopardize our national technological leadership in this important sector.
Scrivi una recensione per "2019 Defense Applications of 5G Network Technology: Enhanced Mission Capabilities; Leveraging Existing Network Software, Infrastructure, and Hardware; Spectrum; Security; Supply Chain; and Standards"


Lankelly Chase Foundation has commissioned Queen Mary University of London, the University of Manchester and Words of Colour Productions to establish an independent centre of excellence on ethnic inequalities, severe mental illness and multiple disadvantage.
Synergi Collaborative Centre Stroke
Lankelly Chase is an independent foundation working in partnership with people across the UK to change the systems that perpetuate severe and multiple disadvantage. Originally formed in 1962, Lankelly Chase's work is now focused on creating an environment where people have the skills, motivation and freedom to help create a system that effectively responds to the interlocking nature of severe disadvantages, such as homelessness, drug misuse, violence and abuse, extreme poverty and mental ill health. Lankelly Chase is driven by a belief that people are resourceful and have strengths, and that collectively we can find solutions and create a fairer society where we are all able to thrive.


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Parallelism and sharding
Playwright Test runs tests in parallel by default, using multiple worker processes.
Workers#
Each worker process creates a new environment to run tests. By default, Playwright Test reuses the worker as much as it can to make testing faster.
Should any test fail, Playwright will discard entire worker process along with the browsers used and will start a new one. That way failing tests can't affect healthy ones.
You can control the maximum number of parallel worker processes via command line or in the configuration file.
 - Run in parallel by default
 npx playwright test
 - Disable parallelization
 npx playwright test --workers 1
 - Control the number of workers
 npx playwright test --workers 4
 - In the configuration file
 // playwright.config.ts
 import { PlaywrightTestConfig } from '@playwright/test';
 const config: PlaywrightTestConfig = {
 // Limit the number of workers on CI, use default locally
 workers: process.env.CI ? 2 : undefined,
 };
 export default config;
Each worker process is assigned a unique sequential index that is accessible through the workerInfo object. Since each worker is a process, there also is a process-wide environment variable process.env.TEST_WORKER_INDEX that has the same value.
Shards#
Playwright Test can shard a test suite, so that it can be executed on multiple machines. For that, pass --shard=x/y to the command line. For example, to split the suite into three shards, each running one third of the tests:
npx playwright test --shard=1/3
npx playwright test --shard=2/3
npx playwright test --shard=3/3
That way your test suite completes 3 times faster.