overview
CONTROLS
The following information is displayed sequentially:
Computer
> Trip odometer
Displays in the tachometer
> Time
> External temperature
Trip odometer
To display trip recorder:
Briefly press button 3.
Resetting the trip odometer:
While the trip recorder is displayed and the ignition is switched on, press button 3.
Time
Press the button in the turn signal lever repeatedly to call up various items of information.
To set time, see page 64.
The following information is displayed sequentially:
External temperature, external
temperature warning
> Cruising range
When the displayed temperature sinks to
approx. +377/+36, a signal sounds and a
warning lamp lights up. There is an increased
risk of black ice.
> Current fuel consumption
Even at temperatures above +377/+36
ice can form. Therefore, drive carefully,
e.g. on bridges and sections of road in the
shade; otherwise, there is an increased accident
risk.<
Units of measure
Select the respective units of measure, miles or
km for the odometer as well as 7 or 6 for the
external temperature, page 62.
> Average fuel consumption
> Average speed
To set the corresponding units of measure, refer
to Units of measure on page 62.
Cruising range
Displays the estimated cruising range available
with the remaining fuel. The range is calculated
on the basis of the way the car has been driven
over the last 18 miles/30 km and the amount of
fuel currently in the tank.
If the range displayed is less than
30 miles/50 km, be sure to refuel; otherwise, engine functions are not guaranteed and
damage could occur.<
Average fuel consumption
Calculated for the time the engine has been running.
With the trip computer, page 60, you can have
the average fuel consumption for another trip
displayed.
To reset average fuel consumption: press the
button in the turn signal lever for approx.
2 seconds.
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59
CONTROLS
Controls overview
Current fuel consumption
Displays in the "Trip computer":
Displays the current fuel consumption to allow
you to see whether your current driving style is
conducive to fuel economy with minimum
exhaust emissions.
Average speed
Periods with the vehicle parked and the engine
switched off are not included in the calculations
of average speed.
With the trip computer, page 60, you can have
the average speed for another trip displayed.
> Departure time
To reset average speed: press the button in the
turn signal lever for approx. 2 seconds.
> Trip distance
> Trip duration
Both displays show:
Displays on the Control Display
> Average fuel consumption and
1. "Vehicle Info"
> Average speed.
2. "Onboard info" or "Trip computer"
Resetting the fuel consumption and
speed
To reset the values for the average speed and
average fuel consumption:
1. Select the respective menu entry.
2. Press the MINI joystick to confirm the message.
Resetting the trip computer
Displays in the "Onboard info":
To reset all values:
1. "Vehicle Info"
2. "Trip computer"
3. "Reset"
Settings and information
Operating principle
> Cruising range
> Distance from destination
Certain settings and information are only available when the ignition is switched on, the vehicle is at a standstill and the doors are closed.
> Probable arrival time when a destination has
been input into the navigation system,
page 114.
60
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
Controls overview
CONTROLS
Exiting displays
1
Button for:
> Selecting display
> Setting values
> Confirming selected display or set values
> Calling up computer information 59
Symbol
Function
1. Press the button in the turn signal lever
repeatedly until "HOME" is displayed.
2. Press the button for a longer period.
Displays are also exited if no entries are made
for approx. 8 seconds.
Next setting or item of information
Adjusting rain sensor 54
Calling up Check
Control 65
Displaying vehicle
check 66
1. While in a setting or information item, press
the button in the turn signal indicator
repeatedly until "NEXT" is displayed.
2. Press the button for a longer period.
The display changes directly to the next setting
or item of information.
Exiting the menu
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CONTROLS
Controls overview
Units of measure
Possible displays
To set the units of measure. The settings are
stored for the remote control currently in use,
refer also to Personal Profile on page 26.
1. "Settings"
2. "Language/Units"
1
Button for selecting information
Symbol
Function
Engine oil
3. Select the desired menu item.
4. Select the desired unit.
Service requirements
Front brakes
Rear brakes
The remaining driving distance and the date of
the next scheduled service are briefly displayed
immediately after you start the engine or switch
on the ignition.
The extent of service work required can be
read out from the remote control by your
MINI dealer.<
62
Road worthiness test
Vehicle check
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
Controls overview
Symbol
Function
Brake fluid
CONTROLS
Required maintenance procedures and legally
mandated inspections are displayed.
You can request more detailed information on
every entry:
Select an entry and press the MINI joystick.
To exit from the menu:
Exit display 61
Move the MINI joystick to the left. A list of
selected maintenance schedules and, if
required, legally mandated inspections, is
shown.
Symbols
No service is currently required.
Next setting or item of
information 61
The deadline for service or a legally mandated inspection is approaching. Please
schedule a service appointment.
The service deadline has already passed.
More information on the MINI Maintenance System can be found on page 206.
More information
Detailed information on service
requirements
You can have further information on the scope
of maintenance displayed on the Control Display, refer to page 16.
1. "Vehicle Info"
Entering deadlines for legally required
inspections
Make sure the date on the Control Display is
always set correctly, page 65; otherwise, the
effectiveness of Condition Based Service CBS is
not ensured.
1. "Vehicle Info"
2. "Vehicle status"
3. "Service required"
2. "Vehicle status"
3. "Service required"
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63
CONTROLS
Controls overview
4. "§ Vehicle inspection"
2. "Time/Date"
5. Open the deadline entry menu.
3. "Time:"
6. "Date:"
7. Create the settings.
8. Press the MINI joystick to apply the setting.
The year is highlighted.
9. Turn the MINI joystick to make the adjustment.
10. Press the MINI joystick to apply the setting.
The date entry is stored.
To exit from the menu:
Move the MINI joystick to the left.
Clock
Setting the time
1. "Settings"
4. Turn the MINI joystick to set the hours and
press the MINI joystick.
5. Turn the MINI joystick to set the minutes and
press the MINI joystick.
The system accepts the new time.
Setting the time format
The settings are stored for the remote control
currently in use, refer also to Personal Profile on
page 26.
1. "Settings"
2. "Time/Date"
3. "Format:"
4. Select the desired format and press the MINI
joystick.
The time format is stored.
64
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
Controls overview
Setting time zone
CONTROLS
Check Control
1. "Settings"
2. "Time/Date"
The concept
3. "Time zone:"
The Check Control monitors vehicle functions
and alerts you to any malfunctions in the systems monitored. Check Control messages
involve indicator and warning lamps in the display and, in some circumstances, an acoustic
signal as well as text messages at the bottom of
the Control Display.
4. Turn MINI joystick until the desired time
zone is set and press the MINI joystick.
The time zone is stored.
Date
Indicator and warning lamps
Setting date
1. "Settings"
2. "Time/Date"
3. "Date:"
4. Turn MINI joystick until the desired day is
displayed and press the MINI joystick.
5. Create the necessary settings for the month
and year.
The date is stored.
Setting the date format
Indicator and warning lamps can light up in various combinations and colors in the indicator
areas 1 and 2.
1. "Settings"
2. "Time/Date"
Text messages
3. "Format:"
Text messages at the upper edge of the Control
Display explain the meaning of the displayed
indicator and warning lamps.
Supplemental text messages
For most Check Control messages, you can view
more information later, e.g. regarding the cause
of a malfunction and how to respond, refer to
page 66.
4. Select the desired format.
The settings are stored for the remote control
currently in use, refer also to Personal Profile on
page 26.
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65
CONTROLS
Controls overview
In urgent cases, this information will be shown
as soon as the corresponding lamp lights up.
Exit display:
"OK"
Hiding Check Control messages
1. Press the button in the turn signal indicator
as often as necessary until "SET/INFO" is displayed.
2. Press and hold the button until the display
changes.
3. Press the button repeatedly until the corresponding symbol and "CHECK INFO" appear
in the display.
Press the button in the turn signal lever.
> Some Check Control messages are displayed
until the malfunctions have been rectified.
They cannot be hidden. If several malfunctions occur at the same time, they are displayed in succession.
>They are marked with the symbol
shown here.
> Other Check Control messages are automatically hidden after approx. 20 seconds, but
remain stored.
>They are marked with the symbol
shown here.
4. Press and hold the button.
If


You are here
Baby Booties Cake
Kenneth Chen
 - 2 (16 ounces each) family size frozen pound cakes, thawed
 - 2 cans (16 ounces each) vanilla frosting
 - Neon pink and neon blue food coloring (McCormick)
 - 15 mini marshmallows
 - 2 tablespoons each pink and blue decorating sugars
 - 6 yellow M&M minis
 - 1 strand each red and black licorice laces
 - Clean scissors
 - 3 freezer weight zip lock bags
Trimming the cakes:
 1. Place the thawed pound cakes on a clean work surface. Cut each cake in half crosswise. Trim a 3/4-inch wedge from either side of trimmed end.
 2. Arrange the cake pieces on a serving platter standing a cake, trimmed end down, against the other trimmed piece to make 2 booties. Secure with some of the vanilla frosting. Spread the top of the standing cake with some of the vanilla frosting and make smooth.
Frosting the cakes:
 1. Spoon 3/4 cup of the vanilla frosting into a zip lock bag. Divide the remaining vanilla frosting between 2 bowls. Tint one bowl pale blue and one pale pink with the food coloring. Spoon each color into a separate zip lock bag. Seal the bags.
 2. Snip a small corner from each of the bags with the frostings. Pipe the pink frosting in small light loops along the base of one of the cakes. Repeat with other rows of tight loops to cover all but 1 inch from the top edge of the cake.
 3. Pipe 2 rows of tight loops with the vanilla frosting along the top edge. Pipe a line of pink frosting along the top inside edge.
 4. Repeat the same method with the light blue frosting.
To complete the decoration:
 1. Place each colored sugar in small bowls. Cut the mini marshmallows in half on the diagonal. Press 15 pieces, cut side down, into each colored sugar to make the flower petals.
 2. Arrange 3 like colored flowers on the side of each bootie. Press a yellow mini M&M in the center of each flower.
 3. Arrange the licorice pieces into a small bow shape. Press the licorice bows on the top edge of each cake.
Serves 24


Re: What is a Greek Sentence?
From: Micheal Palmer (
Date: Wed Jun 04 1997 - 01:00:54 EDT
>Can anyone provide a rigorous definition of a Koine Greek sentence
>exclusively in terms
>sentence to a clause
>in terms of syntax.
>you are looking
>indicators mark
Part One:
A hellenistic Greek sentence is a set of interrelated clauses. This set may
have only one member, or many. One or more of the member clauses may be
eliptical if the discourse context provides the necessary constituents to
complete them. A sentence which contains only one clause may also be
eliptical if the same condition is met.
Part Two:
"Interrelated" in Part One must be understood in a tightly constrained way.
The clauses must be interconnected either 1) by the use of complementizers
(such as OTI) or conjunctions (such as KAI, DE, and hINA), or 2) by some of
the member clauses taking a non-finite form (infinitives or participles) as
modifiers of, or constituents of another clause. Of course, both of these
strategies may be used in the same sentence. (Given the regular use of
asyndeton in the NT, you might also want to allow for a null conjunction,
allowing adjoining clauses with strong thematic overlap to constitute a
single sentence even if no complementizer, conjunction, or non-finite verb
form is present. This position is somewhat debateable, though. Why not just
call these 'closely related sentences' rather than trying to make them
asyndetic clauses of the same sentence?)
Well, this is a rough-and-ready definition which will almost certainly
prove inadequate in some texts, but it works for the vast majority.
Micheal W. Palmer
Religion & Philosophy
Meredith College
Visit the Greek Language and Linguistics Gateway at


text:
By William R. Miller, Richard F. Sanzolone, and Paul J. Lamothe
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-106
A preliminary investigation was carried out in Colorado to test if elements were being deposited at high elevations in two areas of Colorado, which form natural barriers to the winds. This investigation was designed to detect differences of element contents of soils collected on each side of a mountain ridge or peak. The assumption is that dust and aerosol-bearing winds buffet the high ridges and peaks of mountain ranges and some of the dust and aerosols will be deposited mostly on the windward side of the range. Soils formed in place on similar rock types would be elevated in some elements present in the dust and aerosols on the windward side of the ridge or peak relative to the leeward side. The two study areas are the Hayden Pass area in the Sangre de Cristo Range and the Pikes Peak area in the Rampart Range. Data is presented without interpretation.
The expected audience for the data will be government land planning and regulatory agencies.
OFR-03-106 PDF File (1.00 MB)
(This version of the report is accessible as defined in Section 508.)
|AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and Notices|

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Zoonosis Diagnostic
As Limbach Group reference laboratory for zoonosis diagnostics, all required test methods are established within our company. Furthermore, there is a high level of consultancy expertise for both, senders and colleagues of other Limbach Group laboratories.
Zoonosis are infections transmitted directly or indirectly from animals to humans. For identifying such infections special serological, cultural and molecular biological methods are necessary.
Your contact:
> Prof. Dr. med. Nele Wellinghausen,
 medical specialist for microbiology, virology and infection epidemiology, medical specialist for laboratory medicine
> Dr. med. Ralitsa Ivanova
> Dr. rer. nat. Susanne Deininger, Diplom-biologist
> Andrea Götz, Diplom-biologist


Instrument-Based vs. Target-Based Rules
We study rules based on instruments vs. targets. Our application is a New Keynesian economy where the central bank has non-contractible information about aggregate demand shocks and cannot commit to policy. Incentives are provided to the central bank via punishment which is socially costly. Instrument-based rules condition incentives on the central bank's observable choice of policy, whereas target-based rules condition incentives on the outcomes of policy, such as inflation, which depend on both the policy choice and realized shocks. We show that the optimal rule within each class takes a threshold form, imposing the worst punishment upon violation. Target-based rules dominate instrument-based rules if and only if the central bank's information is sufficiently precise, and they are relatively more attractive the less severe the central bank's commitment problem. The optimal unconstrained rule relaxes the instrument threshold whenever the target threshold is satisfied.
Advance access at OUP
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text:
500 Request Item Limit when generating requests from JSON Payload
We have found that there is a 500 request item limit when generating requests from JSON payload. We have developed a process to loop through the request items and generate multiple payloads when there are 500+ items. This however does create a few pain points that we have found (below).
- Large dimension import processes are not uncommon, sometimes requiring the generation of 20+ payloads. From a technical perspective this is not an issue, however it does create pain points for application admins when attempting to troubleshoot import issues. Each payload generates its own request file, so when attempting to troubleshoot an issue you need to weed through many request files to see the source data that the import process is loading.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
- choleric •
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: Hot-tempered, peevish, ill-tempered, bilious
Notes: Today's Good Word is an adjective from an adjective, for the noun melancholy, on which melancholic is based, may also be used as an adjective, as to receive a melancholy letter from home. Obversely, melancholic may be used as a noun as well as an adjective, as someone who is an inveterate melancholic who seldom leaves the house. Melancholically is the appropriate adverb for today's adjective.
In Play: If you are tired of hearing and saying grumpy and would like to elevate the tone of your conversation, today's Good Word is perfect for you: "I guess the diet isn't working for Les Waite; I got a choleric reply when I asked him about it." If you are like me, you never did like the new use of ballistic, either, so why not substitute today's Good Word for it, too: "Donny Brooke was out of humor when he came in this morning but when he saw the stack of work on his desk, he became choleric."
Word History: Today's Good Word came from Latin cholera "jaundice", borrowed from Greek khole "bile". The ancients distinguished between yellow bile and black bile, the latter apparently imaginary. Yellow bile, however, is that bile secreted by the liver. Its Greek name comes from the same original Proto-Indo-European root (ghel- "to shine") that produced English yellow and gold. In German today it is gelb "yellow". Most English words containing GL and referring to light contain a reduction of the same root: gleam, glimmer, glitter, glow, and the like. Latin galbinus "yellowish" comes from the same root. It hardly changed in Romanian galben, but became jaunice in Old French. English borrowed the French word, reshaping it into jaundice, the yellowness of the skin when hepatitis disturbs the yellow bile of the liver.
Come visit our website at for more Good Words and other language resources!


text:
The transmission Cycle
T.b. gambiense sleeping sickness is transmitted from human to human by the tsetse fly which is the most common form of transmission. As some animals can host the human pathogenic parasite, transmission can occasionally take place directly from animals to humans, which is believed to be one of the causes of the long term maintenance of the disease in endemic areas. However the epidemiological importance of such zoonotic transmission is poorly understood.
T.b. rhodesiense sleeping sickness transmission cycle involves to a great extent domestic and wild animals. Intensified man to man transmission occurs during epidemics. The strong zoonotic character of the T.b. rhodesiense form of the disease substantially complicates surveillance and control issues, requiring action on the fly or on the animals hosting the parasite.
Vertical transmission (mother to child) is very frequent in infected pregnant. Blood transfusion and laboratory infection have been described.


death statistics from 178 participating member countries, including SA, motor collisions are the 6th most common cause of death (going for 5th) in developed nations with an average rate of 20,8 per 100 000/population in the year 2000 (30,8 for males, 11,0 for females).
 In the year 2000, a widely published survey found that African nations had the world's highest road traffic mortality rates, with most countries having a rate of more than 30, Eritrea having the highest rate of 48,4 in the world, compared to the low rates given for Sweden (2,9), United Kingdom (3,5), Holland (4,1), Germany (5,5) and France (6,9). In the 2000 survey, South Africa's rate was given as 33,2, which was almost three times higher than the rate for the United States (12,3). But that was 11 years ago. What is SAs rate now?
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text:
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: 1. A narrow cylindrical object encasing a core of material, such as carbon or colored wax, that is capable of making a mark; used in writing, drawing and the like. 2. Any narrow cylindrical object, as a pencil of light shooting through a nail hole.
Notes: We offer today's Good Word to warn our dear readers of the dangers in spelling this word. A pensil (also spelled pencel) is a narrow streamer men once carried into battle atop their spears and lances. If the wind was not blowing, a pensil hangs pencile (loosely) from its perch. Remember to spell today's word pencil and you may use it as a verb in a special sense, "to write in temporarily", as to pencil someone in for lunch if you are not sure you can make the date.
In Play: Today's Good Word has such a narrow meaning it is difficult to find figurative uses other than a few off-color ones that have been used already. "Manny, why do you have those pencils in your nose?" "It keeps alligators from taking over the world." "That's absurd!" "When was the last time you saw an alligator around here?" But, if you care to try, the figurative property of pencils is their slenderness: "Don't laugh, old pencil-legs over there, as you call him, is a dancing genius."
Word History: In Middle English this word, spelled pencel then, meant "artist's brush". It was borrowed from Old French pincel or peincel, related to Modern French peinture "painting". French inherited the word from Latin penicillus "little tail, little brush", the diminutive of peniculus, itself the diminutive of penis "tail, brush". The antibacterial antibiotic, penicillin, gets its name from fungi of the genus Penicillium, so named for their brush-like appearance. (We are delighted that Mary Boser suggested this word rather than just pencil it into her schedule.)
Come visit our website at for more Good Words and other language resources!


text:
Permaculture Training Begins September 15 in Dobbs Ferry: September 15, September 22, October 20 and November 3, 10 and 17
Roots & Wings visit Claudia Joseph (fourth) at the Old Stone House permaculture garden
Registration is now open for Permaculture Accelerated Training Certification, which will be taught over six Saturdays beginning September 15, at Roots & Wings in Dobbs Ferry. Led by Claudia Joseph of the New York Permaculture Exchange, the course will include classes, fieldwork and projects. Remaining sessions will be on September 22, October 20 and November 3, 10 and 17.
The course covers traditional permaculture topics used in whole-systems design, such as energy, climate, shelter, community, food, waste streams and water management, using current information from experts and practical knowledge from traditional sources.
Joseph is certified by the Permaculture Institute of North America and Permaculture USA. As the director of environmental programs at the Old Stone House, in Park Slope, Brooklyn, she has designed and installed a permanent useful landscape and offers programs promoting community sustainability. She has taught for institutions including the New York Botanical Garden, New York City Parks and the New York Open Center.
"I've never taught a permaculture course like this one," she says. "Instead of talking about the coming climate change, it's here. We need to come together as communities now more than ever."
So participants can step into the rapid transition that is happening now, Joseph will emphasize social cooperation and positive change. Participants will learn design skills and biological gardening through hands-on experience and direct observation, interact with a landscape designed to survive climate chaos and explore stewardship of an undefined public commons.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
View print version
The Grand Canyon of the South: The Walls of Jericho
July 06, 2005
The Walls of Jericho in Jackson County, Alabama, is being called "The Grand Canyon of the South." More than 10,000 hikers, amateur photographers, birdwatchers and horseback riders have explored this natural marvel since it opened in August 2004. Alabama Gov. Bob Riley officially dedicated the area in April 2005.
"On a nice weekend, 300 people a day visit the Walls," says Greg Lein, assistant director of the State Lands Division of the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. "The response has truly exceeded our expectations. It's one of the most popular properties we've ever had."
In the late 1700s, Davy Crockett explored the area since his family owned land there. A traveling minister came upon the Walls of Jericho in the late 1800s and was so captivated by the cathedral-like beauty that he declared it needed a biblical name and the name stuck. Today, visitors continue to be drawn to the grandeur of the narrow gorge. You can travel to the bottom of its 50-yard-wide limestone bowl and look up at 200-foot-tall cliffs on each side. In a heavy rain, water shoots out of holes and cracks in the rock. Flora and fauna are abundant.
The gorge is just one piece of The Walls of Jericho tract, which was purchased by the State of Alabama's Forever Wild Land Trust, with the help of The Nature Conservancy in 2004, as part of its mandate to acquire land for public use. The entire tract of land is comprised of 21,453 acres-12,510 acres in Alabama and 8,943 acres in Tennessee. The only public access to the land is in Jackson County, Alabama. The property adjoins the Skyline Wildlife Management Area. A 100-mile trail system is presently in the planning stages, expanding future opportunities to enjoy the tract's many features.
What to See
The upper Paint Rock River watershed, which harbors the Walls of Jericho, supports a diverse array of wildlife, including salamanders, 100 species of fish, 45 species of mussel and plenty of birds. Most notable:
- The rare Tennessee cave salamander, which can be found only in Alabama, Tennessee and Georgia
- Five globally imperiled mussels and 12 globally rare mussels are found in the Paint Rock River and its tributaries.
- The pale lilliput and Alabama lampshell mussel-this is the only place in the world where they exist.
- The federally endangered palezone shiner is a fish confined to the Paint Rock River and one stream in Kentucky.
- Three globally imperiled fish, the sawfin shiner, blotchside logperch and the federally threatened snail darter are found in the Paint Rock River. (Source: Nature Conservancy.)
Things to Do
Approximately 10 miles of trails have been built to provide access to the Walls of Jericho and its waterfalls. Getting started is easy. It is a 2.5-mile hike one way, downhill to Clarke Cemetery, with an additional half mile remaining to travel into the Walls. That means the walk back will be mostly uphill and strenuous. Hikers should wear comfortable shoes and bring plenty of water. The trail is well marked and hikers have to cross several shallow streams. However, stream levels rise quickly during thunderstorms and crossing them can be hazardous due to swift currents. After a rain shower, the trail can be muddy for days. On dry days, hikers should plan on a minimum of six hours to make the round-trip, which includes a two-hour stay in the gorge.
A separate 8.3-mile-long horse trail leading into the gorge is also available. Primitive camping is allowed in designated areas, including the parking area for the horse trail.
The Walls of Jericho is also perfect for photographers. Some unique flowers and trees to capture on film or with a digital camera include the yellow lady slipper, pink lady slipper, showy orchid, nodding trillium, smoke tree, yellow buckeye and basswood.
Birdwatchers will enjoy seeing migratory songbirds, such as the cerulean warbler, and nonmigratory birds, such as the ruffed grouse.
Jackson County also has the highest concentration of caves of any county in the United States and is a well-known destination for spelunkers from across the United States.
Local accommodations can be sought through Jackson County Tourism. Contact them at _EMAIL_.
How to Get There
The Walls of Jericho is located in Jackson County about 25 miles northwest of Scottsboro off of Highway 79.
- From Huntsville, Ala., go North on Highway 72. Take a left on Highway 79 to the Skyline/Hytop community. The Walls of Jericho tract is just north of Hytop; Highway 79 goes through the tract.
- From Nashville, Tenn., take I-24 east toward Chattanooga. Take Exit 127 on Highway 64 and turn toward Winchester. Stay on Highway 64 for about 15 miles and turn south on Highway 16. Just after crossing into Alabama, look on the right for a gravel parking area with a yellow gate and an information kiosk. Park there and follow directions on the map at the trailhead.
The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources promotes the statewide stewardship and enjoyment of Alabama's natural resources to ensure that future generations will be able to enjoy them. The department also advises the state government on management of freshwater fish, wildlife, marine resources, waterway safety, state lands, state parks and other natural resources. This includes the administration, management and maintenance of 22 state parks, 23 public fishing lakes, three freshwater fish hatcheries, 34 wildlife management areas, two waterfowl refuges, three nature centers, two wildlife sanctuaries, a mariculture center with 35 ponds and 645,000 acres of trust lands. Other departmental functions include maintenance of a State Land Resource Information Center and administration of the Forever Wild land-acquisition program.


text:
Capable of tracking GPS, GLONASS and BeiDou, the SA100 provides stable satellite signals for your use. High gain and anti-interference design guarantees the signal quality.
DESIGNED FOR DYNAMIC
Benefit from the high gain of the low-noise amplifier, the SA300 can deliver high quality satellite signals in high speed dynamic scenarios. With the small size and light weight, SA300 can be easily applied in UAVs and other dynamic applications.
The LNA of SA300 shows excellent out-of-band suppression performance, which can suppress useless electromagnetic wave signals and prevent the receiver from being interfered by other wireless communication systems.
Do you have questions about this product?
- Questions about price, availability, and/or retailers
- Questions about technical specifications and usage
- Questions about suitability for your project or application
Min. operating power [V]
Max. operating power [V]
Noise figure [max dB]
Tracked satellite signals
GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou
Type of GPS measurements
Type of GLONASS measurements
Type of Galileo measurements
Type of Beidou measurements
B1, B2, B3
Type of SBAS measurements
Signal gain [dB]
Operating temperature: min. [°C]
Operating temperature: max. [°C]
95% no condensation
Water sand and dust proof
Year of introduction
Total Weight [kg]


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In the recent work by the authors, high order spectral difference (SD) method has been formulated in a framework with dynamic deformable meshes, and been demonstrated to preserve the design accuracy of the underlying high order temporal and spatial discretization methods. In this study, the current SD method has been extended to solve fluid structure interaction problems on deforming meshes. The SD method with collocated solution and flux points is used as the spatial discretization method, while the explicit fourth order five-stage Runge-Kutta is used to advance the flow in time. The solid structure, which is the cylinder, is modelled as a spring-mass system. The movement of the solid cylinder is handled with a dynamic deforming mesh using an algebraic high order blending polynomial. The present work has focused on flow induced cylinder oscillation, bluff body wake and cylinder interaction, and control of flow induced oscillation through mechanism of counter-rotating cylinders. Numerical experiment for flow over counter-rotating cylinder pair shows that significant drag reduction and wake suppression can be obtained. Numerical calculation for a free-stream flow over a free-floating cylinder shows that the wake symmetry of a cylinder can not be maintained. The resultant wake instability propels the cylinder in the cross-flow direction, but the cylinder was found to eventually locked in a flow induced self-oscillation at an equilibrium position. Active control of the cylinder vibration through the mechanism of counter-rotation of solid bodies is finally investigated.
- Fluids Engineering Division
Flow Induced Cylinder Oscillation and Its Control With High Order Spectral Difference Method on Deformable Mesh
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Ou, K, & Jameson, A. "Flow Induced Cylinder Oscillation and Its Control With High Order Spectral Difference Method on Deformable Mesh." Proceedings of the ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASME 2010 7th International Symposium on Fluid-Structure Interactions, Flow-Sound Interactions, and Flow-Induced Vibration and Noise: Volume 3, Parts A and B. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. August 1–5, 2010. pp. 297-307. ASME. _URL_
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text:
Increasing evidence in Australia reveals extreme levels of disadvantage for Indigenous populations, particularly those who were removed from their families and communities, and refugee populations, predominantly those emerging from immigration detention centres. The paper argues that interdisciplinary perspectives supplement the field of demography in analysing the reasons why such disadvantage persists. Using the concept of 'racialised banishment', the findings from qualitative and ethnographic research in Australia are presented to examine how both Indigenous peoples and asylum seekers/refugees have been excluded from the nation state through removal to sites of isolation (reserves, missions, immigration detention); by denial of normative state rights (liberty and economic and social rights); and through the denigration of cultural, spiritual and religious identities (Indigenous relationship with land and Muslim asylum seekers). The paper poses the question of how exclusionary trends might be reversed to overcome disadvantage and to reinstate rights to both population groups.
Seminar, speech or other presentation
Paper presented at the 2012 NIDEA Seminar Series, Hamilton, New Zealand, 24 May 2012


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Project Scope & Definition and Feasibility Services
Matrix Technologies, offers conceptual design services to assist in the development of project scope & definition, schedule, costs, and benefits. This approach helps you maintain control of the overall project scope before a single dollar is spent on capital equipment. Knowing all the options and costs up front allows for better project planning and better understanding of the expected results.
In this scope and definition phase of the project implementation, we work with you to provide clear definition of the required engineering, equipment, construction, and overall project costs. We can provide evaluation of technology options, risk management, pre-engineering, front-end engineering design (FEED), and feasibility studies.
The following items are some common deliverables from the scope and definition phase:
- Process Flow Diagrams
- Mass and Energy Balances
- Equipment specification
- Consideration of Multiple Options to Meet the End Goal
- Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
- Equipment Arrangements
- Instrumentation Summary
- Preliminary Electrical Design
- Preliminary Project Schedule
- Licensing and Permit Research
- Project Cost Estimate


Monday, March 12, 2012
Four Thieves Vinegar
Four Thieves Vinegar is a potion used in various folk-magic and folk-medicine traditions, especially that of hoodoo/rootwork, for the purpose of personal protection, the prevention of illness, the banishing of troublesome people, and the cursing of one's enemies.
According to legend, there was a band of four thieves who in the middle-ages made a fortune by stealing from the bodies of people who had died from the black death or bubonic plague. When the criminals were arrested they where advised their lives would be spared if they divulged the secret method they used to prevent becoming infected. That secret would become known as four thieves vinegar. Another origin of the concoction is that the name 'four thieves' is a corruption of "forthave's vinegar", which was a popular vinegar remedy of it's time. Despite the actual origin of four thieves vinegar, the use of herbs steeped in vinegar is not new and is among some of the earliest medicines or remedies used by ancient peoples.
Recipes for four thieves vinegar vary from practitioner-to-practitioner, as well as from manufacturer-to-manufacturer. There are also two basic types of recipes for four thieves vinegar. Those recipes are for a concoction that can be consumed and for a concoction that can only be used externally. The concoction that can be consumed contains herbs that are edible while the concoction that cannot be consumed naturally contains herbs that are inedible. A basic recipe for a four thieves vinegar will contain a minimum of four herbs, though occasionally one may find a recipe that only calls for the use of garlic alone. Additionally the type of vinegar called for in most recipes is either apple cider vinegar or red wine vinegar, though normal white vinegar can be used if one prefers.
My personal recipe for Four Thieves Vinegar:
-Apple Cider Vinegar
-Black Pepper
-Red Pepper (Cayenne Pepper)
-Black (Brown) Mustard Seed
-Poppy Seed
-Lavender or Mint (depending on what I have on hand)
-Pinch of Salt
Take a bottle of vinegar. Remove the label (may have to soak in warm water first). Open the bottle of vinegar and pour up to half of it into a cup which is set to the side. Add the ingredients in whatever amounts one wishes. Top the bottle off with the remaining vinegar in the cup. Close the bottle and set it someplace dark for approximately a month before use. After that time one can strain and re-bottle if one prefers, though I prefer to keep the herbs in the bottle.
A basic guide to using Four Thieves Vinegar can be found below:
-To reportedly prevent becoming sick Four Thieves Vinegar that is concocted to be consumed can be taken by the spoonful each day. One can also gargle with Four Thieves Vinegar, which is said to help prevent throat and mouth infections, as well as help with gum disease. A rag or cloth can also be soaked with the mixture and sniffed to help clear the nasal passages and reportedly prevent sinus infections.
-For person protection add Four Thieves Vinegar to one's bath water. Your enemies will not prevail against you. This would be an example of a white magic spell for protection.
-To banish a troublesome person, take a bottle or container of Four Thieves Vinegar, open it, and throw the liquid on the persons door or else dump it on the person's porch while cursing them and telling them where they should go or what you want them to do, such as; "get the f*ck out of this neighborhood!", "get the f*ck out of town!", or even, 'f*ckin' go to hell!'. This is of course a black magic use for Four Thieves Vinegar.
-To curse an enemy, take a personal item or concern from the victim, such as some hair, nail clippings, a photograph, etc., and place it in a bottle with nine pins, 9 needles, and 9 nails. Add to it graveyard dirt and then top it off with Four Thieves Vinegar. Shake the bottle while cursing the enemy and then bury it on their property, preferably where they will step over it. This would also be an example of a black-magic spell that incorporates Four Thieves Vinegar.
Additionally, one can use Four Thieves Vinegar in any spell that calls for vinegar.
Many occult shops sell what is claimed to be Four Thieves Vinegar but which is nothing but plain white vinegar. If by chance you do stumble upon a location that sells genuine Four Thieves Vinegar make sure to ask the owner or shop help if the mixture is safe for consumption before purchasing.
For an interesting and somewhat humorous clip concerning Four Thieves Vinegar, click HERE.
Vinegar of the Four Thieves
Four Thieves Vinegar: Evolution of a Medieval Medicine
Four Thieves Vinegar
***Note: I present this information for educational purposes only. I do not claim Four Thieves Vinegar has any medicinal value but rather provide information on how it was used in the past as part of folk-magic and folk-medicine. I also do not advise or condone any black magic use for Four Thieves Vinegar.
 1. Thanks!! I love seeing different thievs recipes after using an essential oil blend of it. :)
 2. Wow. I've never heard of an essential oil blend of '4 Thieves'.
 3. A co-worker of mine has the essential oil blend, which surprised me as well when I saw it. It smells very clove-y.
 4. here is a link to the first oil I tried of the thieves blend(well the only, once and not since either.) scroll down and click on the thieves oil booklet next to the oil for info.
 5. @ Isrolie,
 Wow. That's so counter-intuitive. Because the original vinegar recipe was meant to be drank as well as sniffed.
 6. @ L.M. Tea,
 Thanks! I'll give it a look....
 7. @ L.M. Tea: Yes! That's exactly the one my co-worker has.


C Message Signing (mavgen)
One of the key features of MAVLink 2 is support for Message Signing (authentication).
The C libraries generated by mavgen provide almost everything needed to support signing in your MAVLink system. You will need to add some code to:
 - Handle the SETUP_SIGNING message.
 - Setup and teardown signing on a link.
 - Save and load the secret key and timestamp in persistent storage
 - Implement a callback to define which (if any) unsigned messages will be accepted.
Secret Key Management (SETUP_SIGNING)
A secret key is 32 bytes of binary data that are used to create message signatures that can be verified by other holders of the key. The general requirements for creating, storing, logging and sharing keys are covered in: Message Signing > Secret Key Management.
The section Enabling Signing on a Channel below shows how to set the secret key used by each channel.
Handling Timestamps
The timestamp is a 48 bit number with units of 10 microseconds since 1st January 2015 GMT. The general requirements for managing timestamps are covered in Message Signing > Timestamp Handling.
The library automatically handles some of the rules:
 - timestamps are incremented by one on every message send from a link.
 - timestamps are updated to match that of the last accepted incoming message (if it is greater than the current local timestamp).
 - messages are rejected if the timestamp of a message on a channel is before the last message received on that channel.
It is the responsibility of each MAVLink system to store and restore the timestamp into persistent storage (this is critical for the security of the signing system). The section Enabling Signing on a Channel below shows how to set the timestamp.
Enabling Signing on a Channel
To enable signing on a channel you need to fill in two pointers in the status structure for the channel. The two pointers are:
mavlink_signing_t *signing;
mavlink_signing_streams_t *signing_streams;
The signing pointer controls signing for this stream. It is per-stream, and contains the secret key, the timestamp and a set of flags, plus an optional callback function for accepting unsigned packets. Typical setup would be:
mavlink_signing_t signing;
memset(&signing, 0, sizeof(signing));
memcpy(signing.secret_key, key.secret_key, 32);
signing.link_id = (uint8_t)chan;
signing.timestamp = key.timestamp;
signing.accept_unsigned_callback = accept_unsigned_callback;
mavlink_status_t *status = mavlink_get_channel_status(chan);
status.signing = &signing;
The signing_streams pointer is a structure used to record the previous timestamp for a (linkId,srcSystem,SrcComponent) tuple. This must point to a structure that is common to all channels in order to prevent inter-channel replay attacks. Typical setup is:
mavlink_status_t *status = mavlink_get_channel_status(chan);
status.signing_streams = &signing_streams;
The maximum number of signing streams supported is given by the MAVLINK_MAX_SIGNING_STREAMS macro. This defaults to 16, but it may be worth raising this for GCS implementations. If the C implementation runs out of signing streams then new streams will be rejected.
Using accept_unsigned_callback
Message Signing > Accepting Unsigned Packets and Accepting Incorrectly Signed Packets specify that a message signing implementation should provide mechanisms such that library users can choose to conditionally accept unsigned or incorrectly signed packets.
The C implementation provides the accept_unsigned_callback() function pointer for this purpose, which may optionally be set in the signing structure. The C prototype for this function is:
bool accept_unsigned_callback(const mavlink_status_t *status, uint32_t msgId);
If set then this function will be called on any unsigned packet (including all MAVLink 1 packets) or any packet where the signature is incorrect. The function offers a way for the implementation to allow unsigned packets to be accepted (and incorrectly signed packets, which might be accepted under some circumstances).
The rules for what unsigned packets should be accepted is implementation specific, but it is suggested the following rules be considered:
 - have a mechanism for marking a particular communication channel as being secure (such as a USB connection) to allow for signing setup.
 - always accept RADIO_STATUS packets for feedback from 3DR radios (which don't do signing)
For example:
static const uint32_t unsigned_messages[] = {
static bool accept_unsigned_callback(const mavlink_status_t *status, uint32_t message_id)
 // Make the assumption that channel 0 is USB and should always be accessible
 if (status == mavlink_get_channel_status(MAVLINK_COMM_0)) {
 return true;
 for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(unsigned_messages) / sizeof(unsigned_messages[0]); i++) {
 if (unsigned_messages[i] == message_id) {
 return true;
 return false;
The purpose of the link_id field in the MAVLink 2 signing structure is to prevent cross-channel replay attacks. Without the link_id an attacker could record a packet (such as a disarm request) on one channel, then play it back on a different channel.
The intention with the link IDs is that each channel of communication between an autopilot and a GCS uses a different link ID. There is no requirement that the same link ID be used in both directions however.
For C implementations the obvious mechanism is to use the MAVLink channel number as the link ID. That works well for an autopilot, but runs into an issue for a GCS implementation. The issue is that a user may launch multiple GCS instances talking to the same autopilot via different communication links (such as two radios, or USB and a radio). These multiple GCS instances will not be aware of each other, and so may choose the same link ID. If that happens then a large number of correctly signed packets will be rejected by the autopilot as they will have timestamps that are older than the timestamp received for the same stream tuple on the other communication link.
The solution adopted for MAVProxy is shown below:
if (msg.get_signed() and
 self.mav.signing.link_id == 0 and
 msg.get_link_id()!= 0 and
 self.target_system == msg.get_srcSystem() and
 self.target_component == msg.get_srcComponent()):
 # change to link_id from incoming packet
 self.mav.signing.link_id = msg.get_link_id()
What that says is that if the current link ID in use by MAVProxy is zero, and it receives a correctly signed packet with a non-zero link ID then it switches link ID to the one from the incoming packet.
This has the effect of making the GCS slave its link ID to the link ID of the autopilot.
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Robertus de Bailly
Primary tabs
Robertus de Bailly
(French, fl. 1530)
Verrazano Globe, 1530
Gilded copper
Diameter 5 1/2 inches (133mm)
Purchased by Pierpont Morgan, 1912
Item description:
One of the earliest dated globes, this gilded sphere depicts the world as known from the explorations of Giovanni da Verrazano, who journeyed to the New World in 1524. He sailed along the coast from South Carolina to Newfoundland, becoming the first European since the Norse colonizers of ca. 1000 to visit New York and Narragansett Bay. The globe, executed by sculptor Robertus de Bailly in 1530, was based on a 1529 map by Verrazano's brother, Girolamo. Like the map, it identifies the newly charted North American continent as Verrazana.


其任何子项属性时，你自定义的属性将会在预定义属性名称列表中出现。
 You can also specify whether a custom dialog is used to add/edit your property. TortoiseSVN offers four different dialog, depending on the type of your property.
 bool
 If your property can only have two states, e.g., true and false, then you can configure your property as a bool type.
 图 4.37. Property dialog boolean user types
 Property dialog boolean user types
 Specify your property like this:
 propertyname=bool;labeltext(YESVALUE;NOVALUE;Checkboxtext)
 the labeltext is the text shown in the dialog above the checkbox where you can explain the purpose and use of the property. The other parameters should be self explanatory.
 state
 If your property represents one of many possible states, e.g., yes, no, maybe, then you can configure your property as a state
 图 4.38. Property dialog state user types
 Property dialog state user types
 Property dialog state user types
 Property dialog state user types
 property like this:
 propertyname=state;labeltext(DEFVAL;VAL1;TEXT1;VAL2;TEXT2;VAL3;TEXT3;...)
 The parameters are the same as for the bool property, with DEFVAL being the default value to be used if the property isn't set yet or has a value that's not configured.
 For up to three different values, the dialog shows up to three radio buttons. If there are more values configured, it uses a combo box from where the user can select the required state.
 singleline
 For properties that consist of one line of text, use the singleline property type:
 图 4.39. Property dialog single-line user types
 Property dialog single-line user types
 propertyname=singleline;labeltext(regex)
 the regex specifies a regular expression which is used to validate (match) the text the user entered. If the text does not match the regex, then the user is shown an error and the property isn't set.
 multiline
 For properties that consist of multiple lines of text, use the multiline property type:
 图 4.40. Property dialog multi-line user types
 Property dialog multi-line user types
 propertyname=multiline;labeltext(regex)
 the regex specifies a regular expression which is used to validate (match) the text the user entered. Don't forget to include the newline (\n) character in the regex!
 The screenshots above were made with the following tsvn:userdirproperties:
 my:boolprop=bool;This is a bool type property. Either check or uncheck it.(true;false;my bool prop)
 my:stateprop1=state;This is a state property. Select one of the two states.(true;true;true value;false;false value)
 my:stateprop2=state;This is a state property. Select one of the three states.(maybe;true;answer is correct;false;answer is wrong;maybe;not answered)
 my:stateprop3=state;Specify the day to set this property.(1;1;Monday;2;Tuesday;3;Wednesday;4;Thursday;5;Friday;6;Saturday;7;Sunday)
 my:singlelineprop=singleline;enter a small comment(.*)
 my:multilineprop=multiline;copy and paste a full chapter here(.*)

TortoiseSVN 可以与一些 BUG 跟踪工具集成。它使用 bugtraq: 开始的项目属性。阅读"与 BUG 跟踪系统/问题跟踪集成"一节以获得更多信息。
它也与一些基于 WEB 的版本库浏览器集成，使用 webviewer: 开始的项目属性。阅读"与基于 WEB 的版本库浏览器集成"一节以获得更多信息。
设置文件夹的项目属性
为了让系统更好的工作，某些特别的项目属性必须保存在 文件夹中。 当你使用了 TortoiseSVN 命令调用这些属性，属性值就从选中的文件夹读取出来。如果在文件夹中找不到属性值, TortoiseSVN 会沿着文件夹树一直向上搜索，直到出现未版本化的 文件夹或者到达根目录 (例如: C:\) 。 如果您可以肯定每个用户都是只从类似 trunk/的位置签出代码，而且没什么子目录， 那么只需要设置属性在 trunk/上就够了。 假如你并不确定，那就需要在每个子目录都设置属性。 如果你给每个目录设置了相同的属性但是不同的项目角色又要使用不同的值，那么从不同的目录签出的时候，会得到不同的结果。
对于tsvn:属性，例如 tsvn:bugtraq:webviewer:，你只能对于所有子文件夹使用递归复选框设置属性，不用将这些属性设置在文件上。
当你使用TortoiseSVN在工作副本中新建一个子目录， 上层目录的所有项目属性都会自动的被继承。.
限制使用代码库浏览器
远程获取项目属性是一项很耗时的操作，因此上面描述的某些功能查看工作副本时是没有问题的，但在浏览库的时候不一定会显示。
 - 当你使用版本库浏览器添加一个属性时，在预定义列表中只会提供标准的 svn: 属性。任何其他的属性名称都必须手动输入。
 - 属性不能设置或删除递归使用回购浏览器。
 - 当使用版本库浏览器添加一个新的子文件夹时，项目属性将 不会 被自动传递到子文件夹。
 - 当使用版本库浏览器添加文件时，tsvn:autoprops不会 给这些添加的文件设定属性。
小心
尽管 TortoiseSVN 的项目属性很有用，但它们只适用于 TortoiseSVN，而且一些只是对于新版本的 TortoiseSVN 才生效。如果你的项目中的人使用各种 Subversion 客户端，或者使用低版本的 TortoiseSVN，你可能要使用版本库钩子强制执行项目策略。项目属性只能帮助你实现策略，不能强制执行。
属性编辑器
有些属性必须使用特定的值或以某种特定的方式进行格式化，以便能被自动使用。为了帮助正确地进行格式化，TortoiseSVN 为某些显示可能值或将属性分解给它的单独组件的特殊属性提供了编辑对话框。
外部条目
图 4.41. svn:externals 属性页
svn:externals 属性页
svn:外部 属性可用于从同一版本库或一个如 "外部条目"一节 所述的完全不同的版本库中引入其他项目。
You need to define the name of the sub-folder that the external folder is checked out as, and the Subversion URL of the external item. You can check out an external at its HEAD revision, so when the external item changes in the repository, your working copy will receive those changes on update. However, if you want the external to reference a particular stable point then you can specify the specific revision to use. IN this case you may also want to specify the same revision as a peg revision. If the external item is renamed at some point in the future then Subversion will not be able to update this item in your working copy. By specifying a peg revision you tell Subversion to look for an item that had that name at the peg revision rather than at HEAD.
The button Find HEAD-Revision fetches the HEAD revision of every external URL and shows that HEAD revision in the rightmost column. After the HEAD revision is known, a simple right click on an external gives you the command to peg the selected externals to their explicit HEAD revision. In case the HEAD revision is not known yet, the right


This Christmas Carol is sung in the language of the Troubadours.
La cambo me fai mau - Occitan Children's Songs - Occitania - Mama Lisa's World: Children's Songs and Rhymes from Around the World - Intro Image
*A quartan fever is a fever that occurs every 4 days (a malarial fever is like this).
**The actual currency mentioned in the song is "Patac" which is an ancient copper Provençal currency.
This carol is written with the traditional Provençal spelling.
This carol was written by Micolau Sabòli (1614 - 1675).
Sheet Music
Sheet Music - La cambo me fai mau
Thanks and Acknowledgements
Many thanks to Monique Palomares for contributing and translating this song, for the score, the midi and the mp3 music. 2nd translator: Lisa Yannucci.
Image: Early Morning by Lake Urumiyah, Edwin Lord Weeks, USA, 1892.
Mercé plan!


text:
The Hall of Remembrance
Memory, above all, defines the Hall of Remembrance, the national memorial to victims of the Holocaust. Occupying the interior of the hexagonal structure that overlooks Eisenhower Plaza, the Hall is a solemn, simple space designed for public ceremonies and individual reflection. Epitaphs are set onto the limestone walls that encircle an eternal flame.
Diffused sunlight illuminates the Hall as it passes through the translucent glass of a high, center skylight. The floor is red granite, spattered and cracked by natural fissures. Narrow openings on the side walls let in light and offer partial views of the Washington Monument and the Jefferson Memorial.
Visitors may light memorial candles in the niches of the outer walls — a universal symbol of renewed life and a sign of remembrance in many cultures.
Above: The Hall of Remembrance.
Top right: Rose window in the ceiling of the Hall of Remembrance.
Center right: Design sketch by James Ingo Freed.
Bottom right: Space between inner and outer walls of the Hall of Remembrance.
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum


text:
While processing a request, the WebLogic application server manages a stack of users. The last user pushed on the stack is the user that is currently active - calls to further EJBs will automatically run as this user. When creating a new InitialContext with a principal, WebLogic pushes it on the stack and the principal provided becomes the active user. It remains active until the InitialContext is closed (or the request processing finishes). This behavior paves the way for very unpleasant situations that I will try to explain based on the following test setup.
We have a JAX-WS web-service packaged in an EJB3 application invoking local and remote EJB2 beans after looking them up in the respective JNDI trees. This is shown in the sequence diagram below:
1. A consumer invokes the web-service. We have secured the web-service using WebLogic security configuration which requires HTTP basic authentication and checks the user against the users available in its realm. If the authentication succeeds, the FacadeJaxWs is executed as the authenticated user. In this example I will call the user ws_user.
2. FacadeJaxWs uses JNDI (with URL, principal backend_user and their credentials) to lookup the remote home interface of the BackendEjb EJB2 bean (hosted in a different domain), create the EJB stub and invoke a method on it.
3. The BackendEjb processes the request. Depending on what exactly this EJB does we might run into problems as described later.
5. FacadeJaxWs uses JNDI (without URL and credentials) to lookup the remote home interface of a BackendEjb EJB2 bean, collocated on the same managed server in a different EAR. As in the Backend case it creates a remote stub and invokes a method on it
6. FrontendEjb processes the request. Depending on what exactly this EJB does, we might run into further problems as described later
Depending on when and if at all the FacadeJaxWs closes the initial context when invoking the BackendEjb, a security exception can be thrown in different places.
Variant 1 - FacadeJaxWs does not close the InitialContext at allThis seems to be the usual thing a developer does. This is depicted in the code below:
With this code we have laid a mine - if the processInFrontend method does not call any further EJBs, the code will work without problems. If, however, the processInFrontend method tries to invoke another (local) EJB2 using the standard IntialContext mechanism, we will get an exception like this:
java.lang.SecurityException: [Security:090398]Invalid Subject: principals=[backend_user]
As you can imagine, this is extremely unpleasant, as it will not cause any problems (the mine will lay dormant) until another developer comes in and extends the processInFrontend method to call another EJB. Then the mine will go off and will catch the developer by surprise - something that they have done many times (calling an EJB from another EJB using InitialContext lookup) suddenly does not work in that specific situation. With the WebLogic JNDI knowledge from above, there is a good explanation for that - line 13 pushes the backend_user on the user stack and it becomes the active user. Any new EJB invokations will run as this user which is not really known in this domain. Note that using _USER_ to inject the FrontendEjbHome somehow worsens the situation, as the JNDI lookup is done much earlier (with the correct user) and we do not run into the problem in all cases.
Variant 2 - FacadeJaxWs closes the InitialContext before invoking the actual remote EJB methodThis variant is depicted by the code below:
In this variant we try to close the InitialContext right after looking up the remote home interface of the EJB - we might have an utility class to lookup, narrow and return remote home interfaces and close the initial context right after that. Unfortunately, this will not work and will cause another security exception like this:
java.lang.SecurityException: [Security:090398]Invalid Subject: principals=[ws_user]
This exception is actually thrown by the Backend managed server when we try to create the remote stub using the remote home interface on line 16. This is a much better situation than the previous variant, as we will always run into the exception (note: it does not seem to happen in EJB2 code). The explanation also comes easy - closing the context on line 15, pops the backend_user from the stack and the active user again becomes the ws_user. This user, however, is not known in the backend domain and thus the exception is thrown.
Variant 3 - FacadeJaxWs closes the InitialContext in a finally block after invoking the remote EJB methodFinally we get to the correct usage of InitialContext - we close it after invoking the actual business method like this:
This time we call the business method right after creating the initial context - this allows for the method to run in the context of the backend_user. Only after we have finished our interactions with the backend EJB, do we close the context (on line 21), switching back to the ws_user and executing the FrontendEjb as a user that is known in its WebLogic domain.


text:
The U.S. is currently prioritizing their public education agenda to focus on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects. The Naval History and Heritage Command (NHHC) and its Underwater Archaeology Branch (UAB) have created a pilot program to highlight aspects of the underwater archaeology field in order to complement STEM initiatives. The purpose of this Underwater Archaeology STEM Program Pilot Project is to expand the reach and influence of both the NHHC and the history and archaeology career field, and educational opportunities associated with underwater archeological science and technology.
Archaeologists from the NHHC's UAB and educators for the National Museum of the U.S. Navy presented the pilot program at the recent NHHC Professional Development Workshop, held a the Navy Yard in Washington, DC.
The UA STEM program fulfills curriculum requirements for teachers and faculty; efforts are currently pointed towards high schools in DC, MD & VA that are focused on STEM programming and offer courses in either oceanography, archaeology or marine sciences. The target audience is:
- High School Students: STEM candidates, and students involved in history, social sciences, mathematics, engineering, technology or marine science.
Undergraduate Students: With disciplines in history, social sciences, bio-sciences, engineering, technology, meteorology, archeology, or other related fields.
- Graduate Students: With disciplines in history, social sciences, bio-sciences, engineering, technology, meteorology, archeology, or other related fields.
- -Chemical Processes, Physics, Oceanography, Geology, Geography, Environmental Science, etc.
- -ROVs, AUVs, Side Scan Sonar, Multi-beam Sonar, submersibles, dive equipment, GIS, computer programming, 3D Imaging, etc.
- -Civil, Mechanical, and Ocean Engineering.
- -Site Mapping, Data Plotting, GIS, diving, navigation, etc.
Students and groups are currently invited to tour the Underwater Archaeology Conservation Laboratory and the National Museum of the U.S. Navy. The NHHC and the UAB also have an energetic public outreach program geared towards students and veterans groups. The Underwater Archaeology Branch takes in spring, summer, and fall interns to complete projects either at the conservation lab, on policy and permitting, or archaeological site survey and reporting.


text:
This article was published in The Fringe, September 2016
Kohurangi or Kirk's Tree Daisy
If you are a romantic and have cause to choose a daisy to pluck the petals reciting, "She loves me, she loves me not", discarding a petal on every phrase, then you are in luck in New Zealand because we have lots of daisies. Three hundred and forty six at last count with a spread throughout the country from coastal to high alpine, from the subtropical Kermadecs to the subantarctic islands.
Of course, every species has flowers somewhat different from all the rest so there is huge variation in size, colour and shapes. In fact, quite a few have almost no discernible petals, which does make it difficult for the forlorn lover. However, there are plenty to choose from with myriad petals - enough to satisfy the most love-lost swain.
But the New Zealand daisy I would choose if ever in such a state would be Kohurangi, for rather practical reasons, as the petals are large and easily plucked, and there are not too many of them. Further, the decision cannot be predicted as to whether the loved one returns the sentiment as the number of petals varies but generally falls in the 6 - 10 petal range. In fact, they are not true petals at all. The yellow centre of the flower is actually a cluster of many flowers which gives daisies the family name of Compositae as in 'composite flowers'. What appear to be petals are the flat strap-shaped corolla usually occupying the outside ring of flowers within the cluster or 'capitulum'.
If spring is the season for lovers, then the Brachyglottis kirkii var. kirkii is the plant for them as it is at its best in September, whereas the more common Brachyglottis kirkii var. angustior is a summer flowering form, which does give the forlorn lover a second chance.
Apart from the flowering time there are two characteristics that make the two forms easily distinguishable, even without flowers. 'Angustior' means narrow and the leaves of that variety are long and narrow, with slightly undulating margins, particularly when compared to the more rounded and lobed leaves of the variety kirkii. In addition, they occupy different niches in the forest ecology. Var. angustior is generally found on the ground and, with more widespread pest control showing its effects throughout the Waitakere Ranges, it is becoming increasingly common, with the commensurate increase in the display of flowers in summer.
Less obvious are the few plants of var. kirkii despite their flowers being just as showy. They probably never were as numerous or conspicuous as they live their lives epiphytically high up in the branches of other trees or clinging to a bunch of moss wrapped around a nikau trunk.
Both forms are worthy of cultivation and var. kirkii will grow on the ground as will be evident if you take a trip to Rangitoto this spring. There on the harsh volcanic lava amongst that other grounded epiphyte, the puka or Griselinia lucida, there are swathes of var. kirkii, but apparently no var. angustior.
So spring is definitely the season for young lovers to visit Rangitoto.


California Tort Claims Act 2017
California's Tort Claims Act (CTCA) includes the rules and regulations that govern how claims are filed against a government entity. If the government is to be named in a lawsuit, the claim must fall within the guidelines of the California Tort Claims Act.
Situations wherein your claim will fall under the Act include:
 - You trip and fall in a government building
 - A county vehicle is involved in a motor vehicle accident with you
If a government employee or agency was negligent in some way, you'll need to follow the guidelines of the California Tort Claims Act. But if the government was not involved in any way leading up to your injury, a personal injury lawsuit can be filed.
Timely Written Claims: 6 Months to File
A public entity can only be sued if the plaintiff:
 - Provides a written claim for damages
 - Provides the written claim within 6 months of the incident
Unlike personal injury claims which have a two-year period to file a lawsuit, you must file a lawsuit against a governmental entity, or public entity, within a six-month period. Failure to make your claim within this time, which will be presented to the entity in question, will void your ability to file a claim.
The time starts to tick once the incident occurs – when you're filled with medical urgencies, financial issues and life-changing events.
If you've made your claim in accordance to the government code, you'll need to wait.
Public Entity Responsibility
If you've provided your written claim, the public entity must respond in a 45-day period after being served. The public entity will respond with the entity's action on the claim. The entity has four main options at this point in the claim process:
 1. Reject the claim
 2. Accept the claim
 3. Reject in part
 4. Compromise
Reject in part and compromise are the two options that provide the most concern. An entity has the legal right to reject in part, but accept the balance of the claim. A compromise will be a negotiation wherein you'll need to go back and forth with the entity.
What happens if you don't receive a response?
 1. If no response is given to your claim, the court will view this as a rejection. A rejected claim can be beneficial because a claim that's rejected provides a 2-year period from the date of the injury to file suit.
 2. If a proper response is given, you as the claimant, have just six months to file suit.
You have just six months to file suit, so it's imperative to file within the statute of limitations or lose your right to file. Government agencies and employees often respond to written notices. It's very unlikely that the notice will go unanswered, although it can and does occur.
Limitations and Expectations Under the California Tort Claims Act
CTCA encompasses all civil liability for money and damages. You can follow the Act when you're in a car accident with a government employee or you fall in a government building due to a negligent act that failed to make an essential repair.
Negligence of a government employee must fall within:
 - The scope of employment
 - In the course of a government function
For example, if a government employee was out on the weekend, enjoying a day off and was in a car accident, they cannot be sued as a government employee. A personal injury claim would need to be filed instead.
And if the employee decided to go to the bar when they were in the middle of work, the government agency can argue that the accident was caused by actions not within the scope of the employee's job.
Under the CTCA, you cannot file a claim against the negligent person directly.
So, if you can file a claim against the local government, you cannot target the employee directly in a separate case. This provides protection for employees and ensures that multiple cases for the same circumstance are not filed.
Public entitles are liable for injuries that are a result of the entity's failure to carry out their duty.
In essence, this means that if a public entity is tasked with protecting the public in some way and doesn't carry out their duty, they may face legal action. A fire department is a great example of a public entity that has a duty to the public.
If the fire department failed to respond to a call, the person injured in the fire can seek damages against the fire department.
But there are some exceptions to the law, too, such as:
 - Injuries related to failed or passed legislation
 - Injuries sustained by the National Guard
 - Injuries due to the issuing of a permit, license or order
 - Injuries due to failing to enforce the law
 - Injuries due to misrepresentation
You cannot sue the government for their failure to pass a legislation. You can also not sue the government because they supplied a driver with a license and said driver caused a motor vehicle accident.
The CTCA requires that the government or the employee had to act in some negligent manner to be held responsible under the CTCA.
Filing a Claim
If you plan to file a claim against a county, state or government entity or agency in California, you must provide a written notice with the following information:
 - Name and mailing address of the claimant
 - Mailing address where notices are to be mailed
 - Date of the incident
 - Location of the incident
 - Detailed description of the incident
 - Name of government entity or employees that caused the injury (when possible)
You'll also need to claim losses. If the losses are under $10,000, you must list the claim and note how the figure was calculated. If the claim of losses is more than $10,000, you'll need to determine if the case is a limited civil case, or a case where you're seeking less than $25,000 in damages.
Many municipalities in California offer a free form that will act as a written notice. I recommend searching for and using one of these forms when available. The forms streamline the notice process and ensure that you provide all necessary information to move forward with your claim.
If you or a loved one has been injured and it was not your fault you shouldn't hesitate to contact Hamparyan Injury Lawyers to arrange a free consultation to assess whether you are eligible to file a personal injury claim.
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text:
Young intelligent child
|Name Length||8 Letters|
More info about Balamadi
The name Balamadi is a Hindi, Indian name which means Young Intellect, Young Intelligent Child, Young Thinker. Balamadi is a boy name parents mostly chose for their baby boys.
Images for name Balamadi
Names Similar to Balamadi
Traits of Balamadi with Lucky Number 7
People with lucky Number 7 person is peaceful and affectionate soul, and by nature rather reserved and analytical. The overwhelming strength of the number 7 is reflected in the depth of thinking that is shown; they will garner knowledge from practically every source that they find. Intellectual, scientific and studious, they don't exit a premise until they have dissected the subject and arrived at they own independent conclusion. This is a very spiritual number and it often denotes a sort of spiritual wisdom that becomes apparent at a fairly early age. They need a good deal of quiet time to be with their own inner thoughts and dreams.
They dislike crowds, noise and confusion. They are very thorough and complete in their work, the perfectionist who expects everyone else to be a meet a high standard of performance, too. They evaluate situations very quickly and with amazing accuracy.
They rely heavily on their experiences and their intuition, rather than accepting advice from someone; their hunches usually prove to be very accurate, and knowing this, they are one who tends to follow the directions they seem to guide. It is easy for them to detect deception and recognize insincere people.
They aren't the one to have a wide circle of friends, but once they accept someone as a friend, it is for life. they really aren't a very social person, and their reserve is often taken to be aloofness. Actually, it's not that at all, but merely a cover up for their basic feeling of insecurity. They actually like being alone, away from the hustle and bustle of modern life. In many ways, they would have fit in better in much earlier times when the pace of life was less hectic.
In the most negative use of the 7 energies, they can become very pessimistic, quarrelsome, and secretive. A lucky Number 7 individual who is not living life fully and gaining through experiences, is a hard person to live with because of a serious lack of consideration and because there is such a negative attitude. The negative 7 is very selfish and spoiled. If they have any of the negative traits they are very difficult to get rid of because they tend to feel that the world really does owe them a living or in some way is not being fairly treated. Fortunately, the negative 7 is not the typical 7, at least not without some mitigating positive traits. This number is one that seems to have some major shifts from highs to lows. Stability in feelings may be elusive for them.


text: Studies of neuron-behaviour correlation and causal manipulation have long been used separately to understand the neural basis of perception. Yet these approaches sometimes lead to drastically conflicting conclusions about the functional role of brain areas. Theories that focus only on choice-related neuronal activity cannot reconcile those findings without additional experiments involving large-scale recordings to measure interneuronal correlations. By expanding current theories of neural coding and incorporating results from inactivation experiments, we demonstrate here that it is possible to infer decoding weights of different brain areas without precise knowledge of the correlation structure. We apply this technique to neural data collected from two different cortical areas in macaque monkeys trained to perform a heading discrimination task. We identify two opposing decoding schemes, each consistent with data depending on the nature of correlated noise. Our theory makes specific testable predictions to distinguish these scenarios experimentally without requiring measurement of the underlying noise correlations.


text:
Category: Feature of Size
Maximum Material Condition or for short, MMC, is a feature of size symbol that describes the condition of a feature or part where the maximum amount of material (volume/size) exists within its dimensional tolerance. The callout also removes GD&T Rule#2 which states that all geometry tolerances are controlled independently of the feature size.
When you have a feature that Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing is called on:
If it is a hole or internal feature: MMC = smallest hole size
If it is a pin or external feature: MMC = largest size of the pin
In each of these cases, the part will have the maximum amount of material that would be allowed within the part tolerances.
Max Material Condition is one of the dimensional limits on a part. The other side of the tolerance range would be the Least Material Condition.
The only GD&T Symbols where Max Material Condition can be applied are:
Reason for Use:
If you want to ensure that two parts never interfere, or limit the amount of interference between the parts when they are at their worst tolerances, MMC can be called out. Take a shaft that must go through a hole with clearance between the two.
The MMC of the shaft would be the Maximum diameter
The MMC of the hole would be its Minimum diameter
If you made sure that the MMC of the shaft was always smaller than the MMC of the hole, you guarantee there will always be clearance between the parts. This is important for any tolerance stack to ensure that when the tolerances are at their least desirable condition, the part still functions properly.
Gauging Max Material Condition:
Maximum material condition comes in handy when it comes to making a functional gauge for the part. If you want to limit the size of your feature, you can specify the max material condition call out additionally control it with Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing.
For example if you wanted to ensure that a pin always fits into a hole when the hole is at MMC, we could design a pin gauge that
mimics the lower limit of the hole. The gauge that controls the Max Material Condition of a part is called a Go-Gauge (Meaning the Part must always Go into it)
The Go-Gauge for a hole or internal feature would exist of a pin that is just a tiny bit (few microns) smaller than the Maximum Material Condition of the hole. The gauge pin would then be inserted into the hole and as long as the pin Goes into the hole, the part is in spec.
(Note: The pin gauge may be made slightly smaller (a few microns) than the MMC to account for any straightness or tolerance issues that may be inherent in producing the gauge)
*Remember when no GD&T is called on the hole the envelope principal applies – meaning the geometric and size effects of the hole cannot be larger or smaller than the tolerances specified.
Combination Gauging with GD&T Symbols
The true benefit of using the maximum material condition on a feature is the ability to call out GD&T with dimensional tolerances and be able to gauge for them at the same time. When geometric control and material control are used together, they form the true maximum envelope or virtual condition that the part can be in and still be to specification.
For example, you have a pin with a dimensional and perpendicularity call outs. The pin needs to be within both perpendicular enough and small enough so that it doesn't get stuck when inserted into its mating hole at a 90° angle to the face of the part. In this case all you really care about is the pin fits into the hole at the worst case limits (MMC and max perpendicularity tolerance make up the maximum envelope of the part)
The virtual condition can be controlled with a functional gauge. Functional gauges can be a huge benefit to production environments where measuring on the line quickly is critical.
Gauging for MMC with Geometric tolerances:
For the Gauging of a hole with perpendicularity call out:
Gauge Ø (pin gauge)=Min Ø of hole (MMC)–GD&T Symbol Tolerance
For Gauging of a pin with a perpendicularity callout:
Gauge Ø (hole gauge) = Max Ø of pin (MMC) + GD&T Symbol Tolerance
Note on Bonus Tolerance:
When a functional gauge is used for Perpendicularity, any difference the actual feature size is from the maximum material condition would be a bonus tolerance. The goal of a maximum material condition callout is to ensure that when the part is in its worst tolerances, the Perpendicularity and size of the hole/pin will always assemble together. This means that if you make a pin smaller, you make more bonus tolerance for yourself. This bonus can be added to the GD&T tolerance and would widen the perpendicularity tolerance.
Bonus Tolerance = Difference between MMC & Actual condition
Features of Size:
Maximum Material Condition is one of three features of size callouts in GD&T. The other two are Least Material Condition and Regardless of Feature Size. All of these specify the condition that the part or feature must be in to apply the specified geometric tolerance.
Default to Regardless of feature size
When there is not call out to Maximum Material Condition or Least Material Condition, the part, by default, is measured regardless of feature size (RFS). This means there is no bonus tolerance and the envelope of the part is not defined. The part must be controlled geometrically regardless of what size the feature is at.
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Listening in on Lightning
Concepts: thunderstorms, static electricity
Materials: AM radio w/ antenna, inflated rubber balloon
An AM radio makes an excellent lightning detector. During a thunderstorm you can listen in on individual lightning bolts on your AM radio. Tune the radio to a station and each crackling sound that you hear is from the radio waves emitted by a lightning bolt. You will notice that you hear the static crackle at the same moment you see a flash of lightning. This is because radio waves and visible light both travel at the speed of light. The sound of thunder travels at the speed of sound (about 1,000 feet per second) and thus lags behind the flash of light (or AM crackle)*. You will notice that there will be some lightning bolts that you detect that are not seen. These are lightning bolts that are high up in the thunderstorm cloud or even in another thunderstorm cell.
You can make your own lightning strikes (on a much smaller scale) and detect them on your AM radio. Tune your AM radio to a station with its antenna extended. Take an inflated balloon and rub it back and forth for awhile on your own clean, dry, oil-free hair (fur works well also). Slowly bring the balloon close to the antenna. You may need a quite classroom to hear the effect, but the static crackle becomes audible as you bring the balloon slowly near the antenna.
* You can use the time lag between lightning and thunder as an excellent way to judge the distance to the lightning. Count the seconds after you see the flash of lightning. Each second equals about 1,000 feet or five second equals about a mile. If you see the flash of lightning and then hear the thunder by the time you count to ten (or sooner) you are within two miles of the lightning and could be at some risk of getting a lightning strike!
Connect to:
 - Weather in Your Classroom
 - Science Alliance Demos


text:
Héctor Valdez Albizu
Héctor Valdez Albizu (born November 10, 1947) is the current Governor of the Banco Central de la República Dominicana (central bank of the Dominican Republic), a position he first held from 31 August 1994 through 16 August 2000, and again since 16 August 2004. He is also a well known economist and author of numerous works relating to economics.
In 1971 Valdez received his Bachelor's degree in Economics from the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo. Afterwards, he did post graduate work at the Institute of Social Studies, Universidad Católica de Chile in the center for Student Movements Relations Organization. His area of study was primarily related to the Social Aspects of Economic Development, Latin American University Reforms, and Landholding-Agrarian Reform from 1966 to 1967. He then left for Washington, D.C. to continue work at the International Monetary Fund Institute of Specialized Studies as a specialist in monetary policy, public finance and the design of monetary and financial Programs from 1974 to 1977. He finally returned to the Dominican Republic for further study and research at the Organization of American States, in the Central Bank and Advanced Studies Investigation Center.
Career at BCRD
Valdez began his career at the Dominican central bank (BCRD) in 1970 as a Technical Assistant in the Economic Research Department, occupying the position of Director of that department from 1984 through 1986. Since then he has held numerous positions in the bank, including: Assistant Manager, Monetary and Exchange Policy from 1986 to 1990; Advisor to the Monetary Board, 1987–1989; Representative of the Central Bank before the Administrative Board of the Banco de Reservas, 1991–1992; and Assistant General Manager from 1991 to 1993. On January 4, 1993 he was designated General Administrator of the Banco de Reservas, a position he occupied until August 31, 1994, when he was designated Governor of the BCRD. He was reconfirmed in that position in August 1996 by President Leonel Fernández, and was granted the rank of Cabinet Minister, occupying that position until August 16, 2000. Again, on August 16, 2004, President Fernández appointed him Governor of the BCRD. As a governor of the Central Bank, he has been Titular Member of numerous commissions established by Executive Order.
Research projects and academic publications
During his outstanding career as an economist he has worked on numerous research projects, among which are:
- "Study of the Parallel Exchange Market"
- "Investment Alternatives in Financial Activities"
- "Importance of the Financial Market on the Exchange System"
- "Financial Programs for the Dominican Republic, 1976 - 1990"
- "Dimensions of the National Banking System and its Enhancement Possibilities", 1976
- "Exchange Emergency Regime", 1985
- "Reform of the Financial System, a Proposal", in 1985.
In 1996 he published Un camino hacia el desarrollo (A Road toward Development), Conferences and Addresses, and, in 2000, Un camino hacia el desarrollo II. He also taught at the Universidad Central del Este from 1975 to 1977 and at the Instituto de Estudios Superiores (APEC) from 1978 to 1989.
On behalf of the Dominican Central Bank, he has participated in various international meetings as an official representative. Among the most important are the meetings of Latin American Integration Association of the Monetary and Financial Affairs Board (CFM), of Latin America Central Banks Governors' meetings held in Canada, Spain and the Philippines; the Inter-American Development Bank Governors' Assemblies and the Inter-American Investment Corporation, Dominican Republic, 1992. He participated in the foreign debt renegotiations with commercial banks during 1992 and with the member governments of the Paris Club between 1992 and 1993. He also attended a working lunch with the U.S. Treasury Secretary in 1994 and is a signatory to the 1995 Constituent Agreement for the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA). He also represented the Dominican Republic at the 35th Meeting of Central Bank Governors of the American Continent held in Hong Kong during 1997.
In addition to being a leading member of the Dominican Association of Economists (CODECO), Valdez Albizu has received numerous awards for his many years of service towards the economic development of not only the Dominican Republic, but Latin America in general. During 1996 he was awarded the Public Servant Medal of Merit in the Dominican Republic and the Gaucho Rioplatense award from Dirigencia Magazine in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was voted Economist of the Year 1997 by the Dominican Association of Economists, and during 1998 he was given the title of Distinguished Visitor by the city of Barahona and voted Banker of the Year by Listín Diario Newspaper. In 1999 he was named Boss of the Year by the Dominican Association of Secretaries and listed among the 500 Personalities of the Financial World by Who's Who United States. Valdez Albizu was selected by British magazine The Banker as governor of the year for 2005, in the Latin American region. The magazine granted the prize acknowledging Valdez Albizu's contributions to recuperating the Dominican economy achieved during President Leonel Fernández's current administration. Valdez Albizu is the first Dominican Central Bank governor to receive such an honor. In the comments on the award, The Banker stated that "the Dominican Republic recuperated during 2005, vigorously expanding the economy and ending the year with a single-digit inflation rate." Also he was
- Capital Markets, 1975; Central Bank of the Dominican Republic. Interpretation of Financial Statements Analysis, 1977; Balance of Payments, 1987; Project Analysis, Preparation and Evaluation, 1988; National Accounts- Analysis and Preparation, 1989
- Dominican Today, Central Bank's Valdez Albizu chosen governor of the year by British mag The Banker February 6, 2006


Looping Through Tables
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Language policy Language: [[::Looping Through Tables|English]]
As covered in the last tutorial, you can access individual fields easily. However, there may be times when you want to use all the key-value pairs stored in table. For this, we use loops.
Firstly, lets create a table:
week = {"Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday", "Sunday"}
If you try print(week) you'll notice all you get is Lua's reference for that table. To view all the values in arrays, we can use a special for loop called ipairs:
for i,v in ipairs(week) do
print(i, v)
end
As you can see, i is assigned all the keys, and v all the values. Like mentioned in the loops tutorial, these are local variables discarded each cycle.
ipairs only works for arrays without any gaps. It works by iterating over the key-value pairs until key=nil and key+1=nil. Note that you can also use a regular loop to go through an array:
for i = 1, #week do
print(i, week[i])
end
For associative tables we can use a slight variation, in pairs:
Bob = {}
Bob.health = 50
Bob.weapon = "Axe"
Bob.hunger = 100
for i,v in pairs(Bob) do
print(i, v)
end
This returns all key-value pairs, but in an unpredictable order.
Summary
 - You can use an ipairs to looop through arrays
 - Or use a regular for loop and the length operator
 - You can use pairs loop for associative tables, but the order of returned values is unpredictable


text:
Tree of Knowledge
A tree stands tall and delights in the animals, the wind and weather that surround it. Consider what is happening below, the deep roots that grow and help to nourish and sustain it. The tree grows in the security that both its branches and its roots grow in harmony. The Tree of Knowledge reminds us that knowledge is about harmony and balance in all things. Once we have secured this knowledge we can allow it to flow into our lives and feel peace.


text:
DC Transfer Standard
This DC Transfer will furnish a variety of precision voltages with specific voltage outputs of 1.000, (1.018 + Delta E), (1.019 + Delta E), 10.000 and Delta E Volts.
This unit consists of 4 identical reference supplies that can be interconnected in a variety of ways to furnish output voltages.
It may be used as a 1volt, or 10volt standard output, electronic standard cell, or 0 to 1000µv standard source and a standard cell comparator.
It has a transfer accuracy of 2ppm between standard cells, 3ppm between standard cell and 1V output and 5ppm between standard cell and 10V output.
Shorted and open outputs are included
Consists of 4 identical reference supplies
Furnish output voltages by interconnecting reference supplies
Transfer accuracy of 2ppm between standard cells
3ppm between standard cell and 1V output
5ppm between standard cell and 10V output
Instrument type: DC Transfer Standard
Transfer accuracy: 2ppm
Voltage outputs: 1.000 to ∆ EVolts