Isometric projection
In isometric projection, the projection plane forms three equal angles with the co-ordinate axis. Thus, considering the isometric cube in Figure 2.4, the three cube axes are foreshortened to the same amount, i.e. AB = AC = AD. Two things result from this, firstly, the angles a = b = 30° and secondly, the rear (hidden) corner of the cube is coincident with the upper corner (corner D). Thus, if the hidden edges of the cube had been shown, there would be dotted lines going from D to F, D to C and D to B. The foreshortening in the three axes is such that AB = AC = AD = (2/3)°6 = 0.816. Since isometric projections are pictorial projections and dimensions are not normally taken from them, size is not really important. Hence, it is easier to ignore the foreshortening and just draw the object full size. This makes the drawing less complicated but it does have the effect of apparently enlarging the object by a factor 1.22 (1 -50.816). Bearing this in mind and the fact that both angles are 30°, it is not surprising that isometric projection is the most commonly used of the three types of axonometric projection.
The method of constructing isometric projections is shown in the diagrams in Figures 2.5 and 2.6. An object is translated into isometric projection by employing enclosing shapes (typically squares and rectangles) around important features and along the three axes. Considering the isometric cube in Figure 2.4, the three sides are three squares that are 'distorted' into parallelograms, aligned with the three isometric axes. Internal features can be projected from these three parallelograms.
The method of constructing an isometric projection of a flanged bearing block is shown in Figure 2.5. The left-hand drawing shows the construction details and the right-hand side shows the 'cleaned up' final isometric projection. An enclosing rectangular cube could be placed around the whole bearing block but this enclosing rectangular cube is not shown on the construction details diagram because of the complexity. Rather, the back face rectangle CDEF and the bottom face ABCF are shown. Based on these two rectangles, the construction method is as follows. Two shapes are drawn on the isometric back plane CDEF. These are the base plate rectangle CPQF and the isometric circles within the enclosing square LMNO. Two circles are placed within this enclosing square. They represent the outer and inner diameters of the bearing at the back face.
The method of constructing an isometric circle is shown in the example in Figure 2.6. Here a circle of diameter ab is enclosed by the square abed. This isometric square is then translated onto each face of the isometric cube. The square abed thus becomes a parallelogram abed. The method of constructing the isometric circles within these squares is as follows. The isometric square is broken down further into a series of convenient shapes, in this case five small long-thin rectangles in each quadrant. These small rectangles are then translated on to the isometric cube. The intersection heights ef, gh, ij and kl are then projected onto the equivalent rectangles on the isometric projection. The dots corresponding to the points fhjl are the points on the isometric circles. These points can be then joined to produce isometric circles. The isometric
Figure 2.5 Example of the method of drawing an isometric projection bearing bracket
Bracket Isometric
Figure 2.5 Example of the method of drawing an isometric projection bearing bracket
Engineering Drawing Examples
circles can either be produced freehand or by using matching ellipses. Returning to the isometric bearing plate in Figure 2.5, the isometric circles representing the bearing outside and inside diameters are constructed within the isometric square LMNO. Two angled lines PR are drawn connecting the isometric circles to the base CPQF. The rear shape of the bearing bracket is now complete within the enclosing rectangle CDEF.
Returning to the isometric projection drawing of the flanged bearing block in Figure 2.5. The inside and outside bearing diameters in the isometric form are now projected forward and parallel to the axis BC such that two new sets of isometric circles are constructed as shown. The isometric rectangle CPQF is then projected forward, parallel to BC that produces rectangle ABST, thus completing the bottom plate of the bracket. Finally, the web front face UVWX is constructed. This completes the various constructions of the isometric bearing bracket and the final isometric drawing on the right-hand side can be constructed and hidden detail removed.
Any object can be constructed as an isometric drawing provided the above rules of enclosing rectangles and squares are followed which are then projected onto the three isometric planes.
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text:
Currently, we can create an app in google sheets (just as an example), and later on we can copy that app to Azure SQL Server. This is an incredibly powerful design pattern, btw.
However, we can only do this for data sources which are not shared. Perhaps we are concerned about an entire org of "appsheet users" creating new tables in a shared database.
However, we should not be concerned about this and should instead embrace the idea of multiple authors using the following workflow:
- design using a static source like excel or google
- copy app to a shared (and more powerful) data source like Postgres, MySql or SQL Server.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
1. Demonstrate in detail the key systemic clinical examination procedures.
2. Assess your own competence at performing the paediatric clinical examination.
Examination of the Cardiovascular System
|Published: May 3, 2011|
|Revised: January 25, 2012|
This multimedia-based module is part of a series designed for medical students to assist in preparation for clinical examinations in paediatrics. This module explores the examination of the cardiovascular system for children.
This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within University of Ghana prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.
Authors: Prof J. Welbeck, Prof. J. O. Oliver-Comey, Prof. B. Goka, Prof. O. Rodrigues, Dr. E. Badoe, Dr. C. Enweronu-Laryea, Dr. C. Oduro-Boatey, Dr. L. Renner, Prof. Richard M. K. Adanu, Chris Andrew Yebuah
Institution: University of Ghana

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Scottish wildcat kittens offer hope that species can be saved from extinction
Friday, 1st June 2018, 11:36 am
Updated Friday, 1st June 2018, 1:22 pm
Three Scottish wildcat kittens are getting used to their new surroundings at the Highland Wildlife Park - and they offer hope that the species can be saved from extinction.
The trio, born in March to mother Ness, have recently begun to emerge from their den at theÂ Royal Zoological Society park near Kingussie.
Photo: RZSS
They might look similar to domestic tabby cats, but theyÂ are the newest additions to a breeding programme which aims to protect the iconic Scottish wildcat from extinction.
David Barclay, RZSS cat conservation project officer said, 'While it is always a joy to see the excitement in the visitor's faces as they catch a glimpse of the kittens exploring their enclosure, it is an even greater feeling knowing that young wildcats like these could be the saviour of the species in Scotland.
'With little evidence of viable populations in the wild it is clear to see how valuable reintroductions from the captive breeding population could be. These kittens, from a wild born father, possess genes that will allow for new breeding pairs to be established ensuring the population continues to grow.
Photo: RZSS
'Very real threat of extinction'
'The Scottish wildcat is facing the very real threat of extinction due to hybridisation with domestic and feral cats as well as habitat loss and accidental persecution," addsÂ Barclay.
"However, together with our partners in Scottish Wildcat Action, Scotland's national conservation project for the species, we will continue to deliver conservation efforts for the species and make sure we give them the greatest hope of survival for future generations'
How wildcats differ
Although Scottish wildcats share some similarities with domestic tabby cats, the two species are not to be confused.
An adult Scottish Wildcat in captivity at the Highland Wildlife Park (Photo: TSPL)
The Scottish wildcat is the same subspecies of wildcat as is found in continental Europe, but has been separated from them since the end of the last ice age, around 9,000 years ago.
Domestic cats originate from Near Eastern wildcats and have been through a process of domestication. So they have a quite separate evolutionary history to Scottish wildcats and behave quite differently.
Wildcats are less social, generally just coming together for a short period for breeding, normally giving birth to two or three kittens, which the mother will protect fiercely.
Photo: RZSS
Douglas Richardson, head of living collections at the park said, 'RZSS Highland Wildlife Park first bred Scottish wildcats in 1981.Â Over the years we have provided many of our offspring to other high-standard collections and so from quite early-on we sowed the seeds for what is now the formal conservation breeding programme.
'It is comforting to know that the wildcats within the formal breeding programme will provide the lifeline that the species needs to ride-out the very real threat of extinction in the wild.'


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I've noticed that often authors will comment that "descent theory" shows that some sheaf in the étale topology is actually a scheme. I was wondering what result in descent theory actually implies this(a statement and reference for the result is what is requested in case an actual explanation would take too long). I understand how descent theory is what allows one to define and construct stacks, but I've never seen a result which says something to this effect (for example, I haven't seen it in Vistoli's stack notes in FGA explained) and it seems to be used often in verifying that something is a DM stack.
For example, Edidin states in the proof of Prop. 2.2 of his notes on $M_g$ that "$\underline{\mathrm{Iso}}_B(e,e')$ is the étale sheaf which is the quotient of $(X\times_{X\times X} E\times_B E')$ by the free group action of $G$. Moreover, descent theory shows that this sheaf is in fact a scheme."
In the proof of Theorem 3.2 there, he similarly writes, "Descent theory says that in this case a quotient $C=C_E/PGL(N+1)$ also exists as a scheme."
One finds similar statements in the other standard papers about DM stacks. I was wondering what results in "descent theory" they are referring to.
share|improve this question
Minor note for HNuer and Chris Gerig: If by some chance it is difficult for you to type "é" using your keyboard, you could look up "etale topology" on Wikipedia (or your favorite search engine), and copy-paste from there. – S. Carnahan Nov 21 '12 at 5:16
You may want to look again in the last chapter of Vistoli's notes. He describes a few situations where descent is effective on schemes, and an example where it is not. Usually, the examples in the literature fall into one of the good situations, but unfortunately for readers, authors often don't bother to say precisely why. – S. Carnahan Nov 21 '12 at 5:26
1 Answer 1
up vote 8 down vote accepted
When you post a question, it would be good if you include enough explanations not to force the interested reader to go search for a paper online.
Anyway, the general question is: suppose that we have an fpqc covering of schemes $Y'\to Y$ and a scheme $X' \to Y'$ with descent data. When can I conclude that $X'$ descends to a scheme over $Y$? I know of two general results in this direction: this works when $X'$ is affine over $Y'$, of when there is a relative ample line bundle $L'$ on $X'$, and the descent data can be extended to $L'$. These are covered in my notes on descent theory: the first is in 4.3.1, the second in 4.3.3. Affine descent applies to the first of the cases you mention, descent via ample line bundles to the second.
share|improve this answer
I certainly apologize Angelo. In the future I will try to include more background to my question to make it self-contained. Thank you for pointing to those specific theorems in your notes. I of course had read those theorems when learning about descent, but the general use of the phrase "by descent theory" threw me off as to what statements were being used and how, as S. Carnahan pointed out above. Thanks for the response and sorry again. – HNuer Nov 21 '12 at 14:54
You are welcome. There is no need to apologize. – Angelo Nov 21 '12 at 15:42
Your Answer


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am looking for a general response as to the mindset of how to do this... I have a table that has a column full of possible parameters and a column full of possible values. I want to join all parameters of a certain kind to another table to give further description of those specific rows, but not have that table joined to all other rows that don't contain the specific value. It would look like this:
Parameters Values Mammal
 a 1
 b 3
 d cat Yes
 c 4
 d dog Yes
 e 3
 d fish No
 f 2
I've tried a number of ways using Case, however the table just gets very weird and there was repetition of the table being joined depending on its length. Any suggestions?
The second table has two columns, it is being joined on its own animal column to the values column where parameter = "d". It does not show up at all when parameter equals anything else. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated! (I'm using Cache SQL if you need to know. I'd much rather have a general explanation of technique though, it helps more.)
EDIT: Sorry, here would be the two separate tables:
 Table 1: Table 2:
Parameters Values Animal Mammal
 a 1 cat yes
 b 3 dog yes
 d cat snake no
 c 4 fish no
 d dog rat yes
 e 3 hamster yes
 d fish
 f 2
share|improve this question
Is that above table the first or second table or the expected output. I've reread your question several times and I can't figure it out. Can you please clarify what your table structure is and what you expected output is. – Conrad Frix Sep 27 '12 at 22:20
please post some example of data of your two separated tables, and the result expected – Gonzalo.- Sep 27 '12 at 22:29
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
It sounds like your current query is using an INNER JOIN which will only include the records that match in both tables. You need to use a LEFT JOIN which will produce all records from table1 and the matching records in table2. If there is not a match from table1 then the missing side will equal null:
select t1.parameters,
 case when t2.mammal is null then '' else t2.mammal end Mammal
from table1 t1
left join table2 t2
 on t1.value = t2.animal
See SQL Fiddle with Demo
If you need help learning JOIN syntax there is a great article:
A Visual Explanation of SQL Joins
share|improve this answer
Two options.
First uses a subquery:
select [parameters], [values],
 (select mammal from t2 where t2.animal = t1.[values]) as mammal
from t1
Second uses a left join.
select [parameters], [values], t2.mammal
from t1
left join t2 on t1.[values] = t2.animal
The other answer uses a left join but skips the null replacement provided by the other answer.
Note this was tested on MS SQL Server (T-SQL) only.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Social Policy and Sustainability
While welfare states and associated social policies have been successful in addressing social risks associated with the provision of capitalist growth and increasing their citizens' wellbeing, they have also contributed to climate emergency and the ecological crisis. We carry out social-policy research of traditional themes such as labour markets, inequality or poverty, but also and particularly in the new circumstances of climate emergency.
Considering different scales from the local to the EU level, we (co-)develop relevant theoretical concepts such as 'sustainable welfare' and 'degrowth/postgrowth', conduct corresponding empirical research - for example into attitudes towards sustainable welfare and alternative forms of political mobilization. We also identify 'eco-social' policies capable of reembedding economy and society in planetary boundaries.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Mary McAleese announced as Patron of the National Forum
Today the National Forum for Teaching & Learning launches the Student Led 'Teaching Hero' Awards in Higher Education. These Awards will recognise and celebrate students' experiences of great teaching throughout all higher education institutions. This launch is accompanied by the announcement that Prof Mary McAleese will provide invaluable support as the first official Patron of the National Forum. The Forum's mission is to work in collaboration with all higher education institutions to enhance the quality of the learning experience for students.
Prof Sarah Moore Chair of the National Forum said:
'The launch of these awards is a very significant initiative: it highlights the importance of showcasing and sharing examples of best practice, it puts the student voice at the centre of our work and it will help to provide both inspiration and information for our enhancement mandate. Excellent teachers do more than come to lectures prepared. They set us on career paths, share their passion and they inspire and challenge learners in all sorts of ways. Each of us can remember a teacher that made a lasting difference in our lives.
These awards provide students with the opportunity to nominate teachers, who have demonstrated excellence in their teaching and impacted their students' lifelong learning. We are honoured that Mary McAleese has come on board as our Patron. Her chairmanship of the Modernisation of Higher Education in Europe Group has provided a vital blueprint for developing teaching and learning. As an individual she exemplifies lifelong learning and we warmly welcome her support as we work towards our goal of enhancing the quality of the learning experience for all students in Irish higher education."
Mary McAleese said:
"I am delighted to endorse the establishment of Ireland's new National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Quality teaching and learning depends on dedicated individuals and dedicated institutions supported by policies that put teaching and learning at the core. As patron of the National Forum, I look forward to bringing that vision to life".
The objectives of the Forum's awards are to showcase, strengthen and value teaching excellence in higher education at a national level. Between now and May many thousands of students in higher education institutions both public and private have the opportunity to nominate their teachers that have made a real difference at a key transition in their learning journey through higher education. Perhaps it was when they first started college, changed courses, moved country to attend college or when they returned to education after a long absence. ('teacher' includes all those that are involved in teaching in higher education e.g. supervisors, librarians, tutors, technicians, instructors as well as lecturing staff). Award winners will be announced in June, the Awards will be presented by Prof. McAleese this autumn at a ceremony in Dublin.
For further information on the National Forum please visit _URL_


text:
Long Crested Weirsby Robert E. Walker, California Polytechnic State Univ, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA,
Document Type: Proceeding Paper
Part of: Planning, Operation, Rehabilitation and Automation of Irrigation Water Delivery Systems
A method has been developed to integrate and evaluate the head relationship between canal weirs and turnouts. The objective is to minimize flow variations through the turnout and at the same time permit the canal flow to vary to meet the changing needs of the system. A step-by-step procedure is presented for the computations of the required length of a long crested weir. Using the long crested weir results in a more stable flow rate through the turnout with less labor. The benefit to the water user is that less labor is required to manage or control the water.
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text: This piece represents the mission set forth by the restorative justice program. The enlarged words of 'justice' made out of scrabble pieces illustrates the concept that justice is created by the people, that one cannot passively wait, they must follow the path to equality. The street sign represents how the active struggle for justice permeates in everyone's life and can be found everywhere you go. Included in this piece are the balance scale and sword from Lady Justice. The sign also looks like a flag illustrating the tenuousness of justice in today's world. The sword holds up the street sign to represent the power and strength it takes too uphold justice today. The book that Lady Justice stands on is open to the page encapsulating the core values of restorative justice. Restorative Justice is a community full of support and provides students with the ability to make mistakes, take accountability and repair the damage. Through RJ students find their own path and uphold the life-long lessons society needs for equality everywhere. RJ is the future, leading students to strive for change.


10 U.S. Code § 6254 - Availability of appropriations
The Secretary of the Navy may spend from appropriations for the pay of the Navy or the Marine Corps, as appropriate, amounts necessary to provide and replace medals of honor, Navy crosses, distinguished-service medals, silver star medals, and Navy and Marine Corps Medals, and associated bars, emblems, and insignia.
Historical and Revision Notes
6254 34 U.S.C. 359 (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1919, ch. 14, § 6 (less proviso), 40 Stat. 1056; renumbered § 8 and amended Aug. 7, 1942, ch. 551, § 1, 56 Stat. 744.
The words "the appropriations for the pay of the Navy or the Marine Corps, as appropriate", are substituted for the words "the appropriation 'Pay, subsistence, and transportation of naval personnel' ", to identify by a general description, rather than by the specific appropriation title, the appropriation authorized to be used. Specific appropriation titles vary from one appropriation act to the next. The permanent authority contained in 34 U.S.C. 359 for the Secretary of the Navy to use appropriations available for the pay of the Navy and the Marine Corps is not affected by a change in the titles of those appropriations nor is it affected by a specific authorization in an appropriation act to use, during the life of the act, a different type of appropriation.


text:
An analysis of Growing Forest Partnerships in Guatemala
This report provides an overview and analysis of the background, context and development of the Growing Forest Partnerships initiative in Guatemala.
A GFP country since 2009, Guatemala's efforts have focused on building forest community partnerships, strengthening the capacity of forest communities and improving finance instruments to benefit smallholder and forest communities, all through the development of strong partnerships. At the start of the GFP programme in Guatemala, four thematic areas were identified as core areas to which GFP activities should respond in order to generate positive economic, social and environmental impacts in the country. These areas have served to guide the evolution of GFP in Guatemala and include governance, financing instruments, institutional strengthening and capacity development.


text:
Database of Lithuanian Nominal Phrases Dictionary is the first corpus-based dictionary of Lithuanian multi-word units.
The lexicon reflects a big variety of multi-word units: collocations, phrasal combinations, longer pieces of text (sometimes even several sentences). The identification of the nominal phrases is based on gravity counts in the 100m words Contemporary Corpus of Lithuanian Languages. The corpus reflects the written Lithuanian in the period of _PHONE_. The list of automatically identified MWU's was edited by linguists, only leaving meaningful and grammatically correct phrases that include at least one noun. The dictionary comprises almost 69 thousand nominal phrases.


text:
Remember the line in the Beatles song, Eleanor Rigby, "wearing the face that she keeps in the jar by the door"? I don't know what Paul had in mind when he wrote that but it makes me think of the different faces we wear depending on the time of day, the people we're with, and the environment we're in.
Here's a mindfulness exercise to help us notice what face we wear when, where and with whom. Pay attention to the face you present in the following situations. Make a mental note or jot down a note about each. You can even use emojis to help capture your face, For example, for those who aren't early birds, your waking up face might be a grumpy face. If you feel stressed driving to work, a tense face might fit.
Waking up face:
Arriving at work face:
Arriving home face:
Greeting partner face:
Greeting kids face:
Going to bed face:
Now review your faces and decide if there are any that you want to change, particularly if you often wear that face and it reflects a not-so-happy you. We're often unaware of the face we present to others. Here's a chance to notice.


From Programming Parallel Algorithms.
Communications of the ACM, 39(3), March, 1996.
next up previous
Next: Nested Data-Parallelism and NESL Up: Work and Depth Previous: Why Work and Depth?
Relationship of Work and Depth to Running Time
Work and depth can be viewed as the running time of an algorithm at two limits: one processor (work) and an unlimited number of processors (depth). In fact, the complexities are often referred to as tex2html_wrap_inline1665 and tex2html_wrap_inline1667. In practice, however, we want to know the running time for some fixed number of processors. A simple but important result of Brent [9] showed that knowing the two limits is good enough to place reasonable bounds on running time for any fixed number of processors. In particular he showed that if we know that a computation has work W and depth D then it will run with P processors in time T such that
This result makes some assumptions about communication and scheduling costs, but the equation can be modified if these assumptions change. For example, with a machine that has a memory latency of L (the time between making a remote request and receiving the reply), the equation is tex2html_wrap_inline1679.
Let's return to the example of summing. Brent's equation along with our previous analysis of work and depth (W = n-1, D = log2 n) tell us that n numbers can be summed on P processors within the time bounds
For example 1,000,000 elements can be summed on 1000 processors in somewhere between 1000 ( tex2html_wrap_inline1687 ) and 1020 ( tex2html_wrap_inline1689 ) cycles, assuming we count one cycle per addition. For many parallel machines models, such as the PRAM or a set of processors connected by a hypercube network, this is indeed the case. To implement the addition, we could assign 1000 elements to each processor and sum them, which would take 999 cycles. We could then sum across the processors using a tree of depth tex2html_wrap_inline1691, so the total number of add cycles would be 1009, which is within our bounds.
Communication Costs
A problem with using work and depth as cost measures is that they do not directly account for communication costs and can lead to bad predictions of running time on machines where communication is a bottleneck. To address this question, let's separate communication costs into two parts: latency, as defined above, and bandwidth, the rate at which a processor can access memory. If we assume that each processor may have multiple outstanding requests, then latency is not a problem. In particular, latency can be accounted for in the mapping of the work and depth into time for a machine (see above), and the simulation remains work-efficient ( i.e. the processor-time product is proportional to the total work). This is based on hiding the latency by using few enough processors such that on average each processor has multiple parallel tasks (threads) to execute, and therefore has plenty to do while waiting for replies. Bandwidth is a more serious problem. For machines where the bandwidth between processors is very much less than the bandwidth to the local memory, work and depth by themselves will not in general give good predictions of running time. However, the network bandwidth available on recent parallel machines, such as the Cray T3D and SGI Power Challenge, is high enough to give reasonable predictions, and we expect the situation only to improve with rapidly improving network technology.
next up previous
Guy Blelloch,


Death Valley Dunes
April 08, 2008
040808 copy
Provided by: Mila Zinkova, Fogshadow
Summary authors & editors: Mila Zinkova, Stu Witmer
The photo above of a series of coppice dunes, or nebkha, was taken in Death Valley National Park, California. Nebkha is a North African word descriptive of a type of phytogenic fixed sand dune created by the gathering of wind blown sand beneath and around a plant canopy. The size of each specific dune is due to the physical aspects of the sand, the terrain and wind conditions as well as the type of plant. Mormon tea and mesquite are two likely candidates in the U.S. Southwest because their roots go deep enough to reach water despite the encroaching sands. Nebkhas tend to stabilize sand otherwise blown away making them useful in coastal areas for forming barriers against the high tides of storms or rising sea levels. Nebkhas have also been instrumental in reforestation efforts in the Sinai, Kenya and elsewhere.


Biscuit Nest
 1. Soak 30gms of bird's nest in warm water (40°c) for a minimum of 5 hours or overnight.
 2. After the bird's nest has fully expanded, use a fork to loosen the bird's nest to prevent clumping.
 3. Pour the loosen bird's nest into a sieve and clean the black residue.
 4. Using the double boiler method, cook over medium heat for 30 minutes.
 5. Transfer the bird's nest into an empty jar to cool.
 6. Once cooled, add into a blending machine and blend for 15 seconds.
 7. Put the blended bird's nest into a jar and ready to be consumed.
- You should always consume 3 tablespoons of bird's nest on an empty stomach.
- Bird's nest is best consumed in the morning or before bed.
- Add in pure honey if desired (optional)


text:
2015 Volume 71 Issue 1 Pages 14-19
In order to evaluate the progress of the carbonation of steel making slag quantitatively, the authors examined the methods to determine the carbonate content of steel making slag by using the ignition method that was one of the carbonate tests.
As the results, it was found that the carbonate contained in steel making slag was completely disengaged by igniting more than 3 hours at 700°C and the carbonate content in steel making slag by using ignition method increased with decreasing the particles sizes of steel making slag. Furthermore, gas included in the samples of particle size 9.5-37.5mm expanded and ruptured under igniting at 540°C and so it was not possible to perform the ignition methods. Thus, in order to measure the carbonate content of the steel making slag by using the ignition method, it is necessary to ignite a 20g sample of particles smaller than 4.75mm in diameter for 3 hours or more.


text:
The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO Collaborative Cross-National (HBSC) Study: origins, concept, history and development 1982–2008
Purchase on Springer.com
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* Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT.
This paper traces the history of the HBSC study from its origins in the early 1980's to the present day describing how it was first conceptualised scientifically and how this influenced issues of study design. The challenges of managing a cross-national study are explained as are changes and adaptations over time with growth of the study from 3 to over forty country members. The key partnership with the World Health Organisation and its benefits are presented. With developments in scientific management and theoretical perspectives, HBSC has made a substantial contribution to the area of youth health. The last decade has seen increased dissemination to policy makers and evidence that scientific information arising from the study has influenced strategic policy development and practical health improvement programmes. This paper considers some of the key success factors and challenges for the study as it attempts to maximise its scientific output and channels the research findings into health improvement for young people. Future challenges for the study are also considered.
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About this Article
- The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO Collaborative Cross-National (HBSC) Study: origins, concept, history and development 1982–2008
International Journal of Public Health
Volume 54, Issue 2 Supplement, pp 131-139
- Cover Date
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- Additional Links
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text:
Purpose: To assess referrals from primary care practitioners to an ophthalmological practice in order to determine whether any differences exist between the two primary care groups in the types of conditions referred, and in concurrence between reasons for referral and ophthalmological diagnosis.
Methods: This study investigated patient referrals from general practitioners and optometrists to an ophthalmologist's practice in Belfast, over a period of 3 months from January 2007 to the end of March 2007. Anonymised data were divided into two groups depending on the referring practitioner. Within the two groups, patient numbers were sub-divided into 15 categories covering the range of diagnoses made. Preliminary diagnoses or reasons for referral were compared with the definitive diagnoses made by the ophthalmologist.
Results: Optometrists contributed the greatest number of referrals (323) with 243 patients referred by general practitioners. Cataract was the most common condition referred by optometrists, and the second most common condition referred by general practitioners: agreement with ophthalmological diagnosis was high for both groups of primary care practitioners. Concurrence of referral reason with ophthalmological diagnosis for glaucoma was lower for general practitioners (56%) than for optometrists (76%), but optometrists referred more false positive patients for glaucoma than did general practitioners. The opposite was true for lid/tear duct/conjunctival conditions, the most common basis for referral by general practitioners.
Conclusions: The differences between the two primary care practitioner groups may reflect variations in training, skills and practice. Further investigation of the particular strengths of both groups, and how they can be optimised to promote effective shared care, is required.


text:
AWS WorkSpaces is a service provided by AWS which provides you a cloud based desktop and allow you to access it form different devices like laptops, iPad, Amazon kindle and Android Tablets using WorkSpaces Client.
Directory Service is a service provided by AWS which is fully managed Active Directory which helps you launch your windows Server (EC2) and add them to your domain which is on your premises or you can create your own Active Directory in your AWS account only.
- You can enable MFA based Authentication for more secure access.
- Highly available.
- Users can access it from different devices like iPads, Amazon Kindle etc.
- You can get WorkSpaces with windows office license with per month Subscription.
- Workspaces Clients are not there for Linux System.
- When you launch a workspace you get billed for the complete month.
Steps to create Workspaces with your on premises Active Directory.
- Create "AD Connector" and pass your Active Directory Server Details like (Organization Name, Directory DNS).
- Once that Connection is up, click on "Launch Workspaces".
- Select AD Connector created in step 1 for Active directory.
- Type in username and click on "Search" or click on "Show All Users" to display all user in that active directory.
- Select the User and click on "Add Selected"
- Select bundle according to your requirement.
- Click on "Launch WorkSpaces".
- Once your Workspace is ready then select Workspace and click on "invite user" and get the registration Code and connect with workspaces client.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Rudin asked me to maximize $$\int^{1}_{-1}x^{3}g(x)dx$$ under the restraint that $$\int^{1}_{-1}g(x)=\int^{1}_{-1}xg(x)dx=\int^{1}_{-1}x^{2}g(x)dx=0$$
This is clearly a Hilbert space problem need to use orthogonal relations. I computed $x^{3}$'s coefficients under the $L^{2}$ inner product and it turns out $x^{3}=\frac{3}{5}x^{2}+c$, with $c$ being orthogonal to $\{1,x,x^{2}\}$. But how does this help to find $g$?
A related question I also do not know how to solve is to find the minimum of $$\int^{\infty}_{0}|x^{3}-a-bx-cx^{2}|^{2}e^{-x}dx$$And it is not clear to me what the linearly independent underlying set is - $\{1,x,x^{2},e^{-x/2}\}$?
share|improve this question
I finally had some ideas, we just need to normalize $c$ to get $g$. – Bombyx mori Dec 29 '12 at 3:01
Hint for the second one: $e^{-x}$ is the weight function in the inner product. Also, do you know about Laguerre polynomials and/or Gram-Schmidt with respect to a weighted inner product? – JohnD Dec 29 '12 at 3:10
No I don't. I have to sleep now but really grateful for the hint. – Bombyx mori Dec 29 '12 at 3:15
Would it be possible to include a more detailed sketch of your steps to answering the first question. For example the phrase you "computed x^3's L2 inner product seems odd to me, since an inner product is usually defined over two functions. I assume it means \int x^3 x^3 dx?. I am looking at solving a related question. For example what if you swapped the x^2 and the x^3 in the problem statement, would the method above still hold. I haven't seen these Hilbert Space theorems used for maximization before. Do you have any references that can be found online? (also _USER_) – MHH Jun 30 at 3:05
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Hopefully you can recognize the second question as an application of what is sometimes called the "best approximation theorem" or "orthogonal projection theorem" in a Hilbert space. I'll show one approach, but there are others that people can chime in on.
If $\{\varphi_i(x)\}$ forms a complete orthonormal family on an interval $I$, with respect to the weight function $w(x)$, i.e., $$\langle \varphi_i,\varphi_j\rangle_w:=\int_I \varphi_i(x)\varphi_j(x)w(x)\,dx=\begin{cases} 0, &i\not=j,\\ 1, &i=j,\end{cases}$$ and we want to approximate $f\in L^2_w(I)$ as $$f(x)\approx\sum_{i=1}^n c_i \varphi_i(x), \quad x\in I,$$ then the "best" choice for the coefficients $c_i$ in the sense of minimizing the weighted $L^2$ norm of the error, $$\left\|f(x)-\sum_{i=1}^n c_i \varphi_i(x)\right\|_{L^2_w(I)},$$ is simply $c_i=\langle f,\varphi_i\rangle_w$, $i=1,\dots,n$.
To bring this to bear on your problem, the weight on the inner product is $e^{-x}$, $I=[0,\infty)$, $f(x)=x^3$, and we want to minimize the weighted $L^2_w(I)$ error when using the approximation $$x^3\approx a+bx+cx^2=\sum_{i=0}^2 c_i L_i(x),$$ where $L_i(x)$ denotes the $i$th Laguerre polynomial.
Since $L_0(x)=1$, $L_1(x)=1-x$, and $L_2(x)={1\over 2}(2-4x+x^2)$, from the best approximation theorem above, \begin{align} c_0&=\langle x^3,L_0\rangle_w=\int_0^\infty x^3 e^{-x}\,dx=6,\\ c_1&=\langle x^3,L_1\rangle_w=\int_0^\infty x^3(1-x)e^{-x}\,dx=-18,\\ c_2&=\langle x^3,L_2\rangle_w=\int_0^\infty x^3\cdot{1\over 2}(2-4x+x^2)e^{-x}\,dx=18, \end{align} which results in $$a=c_0+c_1+c_2=6, \quad b=-c_1-2c_2=-18, \quad c={c_2\over 2}=9.$$
Of course, if we want to let Mathematica do the work for us, it can:
Mathematica graphics
but where's the fun in that? ;-)
Hope that helps.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
The Naval Monument, a memorial to members of the U.S. Exploring Edition lost in 1839 and 1840, was designed by Drayton, an artist of the scientific corps, in the 1840s.
The United States Exploring Expedition of _PHONE_ was created to gain a better understanding of oceanography and science, and to promote international trade. Its findings were the basis of much of American science, and many of the specimens gathered on the expedition formed the collection of the Smithsonian Institution.
The associate officers of the scientific corps designed this monument as a public memorial for the lost members of the expedition, on land donated by the Cemetery. Today, public monuments of this kind are typically seen in public parks, however its presence at Mount Auburn is a reminder that the rural cemetery was the predecessor to the public park and garden movement. The 20-foot white marble obelisk was carved by Struthers & Son, from Philadelphia, and is festooned with roses in relief, a different bloom on each side.
Described in Mount Auburn Illustrated, 1847, as "a lofty cenotaph of pure white marble, ornamented on the four sides with festoons of roses in relieve, and presenting altogether a monument of good proportion, strikingly chaste and simple." It reads:
THE MEMORY OF
LIEUTENANT JOSEPH A. UNDERWOOD,
MIDSHIPMAN WILKES HENRY,
UNITED STATES NAVY
FELL AT THE HANDS OF SAVAGES,
THE CAUSE OF SCIENCE AND PHILANTHROPY,
ONE OF THE FEEJEE GROUP OF ISLANDS,
JULY 24, 1940.
PASSED MIDSHIPMEN REID AND BACON
WERE LOST AT SEA, OFF CAPE HORN
IS ERECTED BY THEIR
OFFICERS AND SCIENTIFIC CORPS,
JAMES W. E. REID,
FREDERICK A. BACON,
UNITED STATES NAVY.


Home » Android » core » ui » ImageButton » Android ImageButton Selector Example
About Ilias Tsagklis
Ilias Tsagklis
Android ImageButton Selector Example
In Android you can use the ImageButton component to display a normal Button with a custom image as a background. Take a look at our previous tutorial to remember the use of ImageButton. The fact is that you can do more than just an Image which is also a button. In this tutorial we are going to use two different images that will reflect the status of one button. When the button is released, the green Android logo will be the background image of the button. When the button is pressed, the green Android logo will be the background image of the button.
For this tutorial, we will use the following tools in a Windows 64-bit platform:
 1. JDK 1.7
 2. Eclipse 4.2 Juno
 3. Android SKD 4.2
1. Create a new Android Project
Open Eclipse IDE and go to File -> New -> Project -> Android -> Android Application Project and click Next.
You have to specify the Application Name, the Project Name and the Package name in the appropriate text fields and then click Next.
In the next window make sure the "Create activity" option is selected in order to create a new activity for your project, and click Next. This is optional as you can create a new activity after creating the project, but you can do it all in one step.
Select "BlankActivity" and click Next.
You will be asked to specify some information about the new activity. In the Layout Name text field you have to specify the name of the file that will contain the layout description of your app. In our case the file res/layout/main.xml will be created. Then, click Finish.
2. Adding a picture in the appropriate project folder
As you would have noticed in the Package explorer, there are 4 folders that contain the image resources of the project :
 1. res/drawable-hdpi
 2. res/drawable-ldpi
 3. res/drawable-mdpi
 4. res/drawable-hdpi
You can copy the images you want to put in you're application in any one of these folders. Android SDK will automatically recognize any images you put on any one of these folders as drawable resources. So, copy the images in the folder you want. If the image does not appear in the Package Explorer under the folder you've copied it into, right click on the project name and select Refresh. Now the image should be under the correct folder. As you can see, I've three images in res/drawable-hdpi:
3. Create the Selector for different button states
We want to use the Selector component as a drawable resource in our main.xml file. Right click on the res/drawable-hdpi folder and select New -> Other -> Android -> Android XML File:
And provide the requested attributes as shown in the picture below, and Click Finish:
As you will notice, on the Package Explorer a new folder has been created (res/drawable) that contains mybutton.xml:
So now mybutton.xml is a drawable resource. Open that file and paste the following code:

4. Create the main layout of the Application
Open res/layout/main.xml file :
And paste the following code :
 android:orientation="vertical" >
 android:background="_USER_/mybutton" />
Now you may open the Graphical layout editor to preview the User Interface you created:
5. Code
Go to the java file that contains the code of the activity you've just created:
And paste the following code:
package com.javacodegeeks.android.imagebuttonselectorexample;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 Button button;
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 public void addButtonListener() {
 button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
 button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
 public void onClick(View view) {
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Button is clicked!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
The above code is pretty straight forward. When we press the image button, a short message will be displayed.
6. Run the application
This is the main screen of our Application. Remember that the image is also a button:
Now, when you press the button and keep it pressed:
When you leave the button :
Download Eclipse Project
This was an Android ImageButton Selector Example. Download the Eclipse Project of this tutorial: AndroidImageButtonSelectorExample.zip
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All posts tagged: Ruby Wax
The Mindfulness Revolution
No doubt you've heard the word Mindfulness being thrown around a lot recently, it's the Number One wellbeing buzzword and everyone from Ruby Wax to Goldie Hawn is singing its praises. But what is Mindfulness and why is it so beneficial? In essence, Mindfulness is purposefully paying attention and being aware in the present moment. Intentionally observing (but not clinging onto) your thoughts and feelings without judgement. This can be experienced at any moment, in any situation, but is best practised in a quiet room without distractions. Meditation is a great way to begin learning the Art of Mindfulness, just 10 minutes every day (preferably at the same time each morning) can make a big difference. What does Mindfulness actually do? Mindfulness improves focus and levels of concentration. Two incredibly important skills in this information age when we're continually bombarded with enormous amounts of information and endless digital distractions. Mindfulness provides clarity of thought. In essence, once you slow down your mind and begin to understand the landscape of your thoughts and feelings in more …
Ruby Wax: Sane New World
I recently discovered a fantastic Ted Talk on Mental illness by comedy legend Ruby Wax. Notorious for her writing and comedy sketches, she recently gained a Masters from Oxford University in Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy and has become an avid mental health campaigner. This 8 minute talk covers Ruby's own experiences of mental health, being institutionalised, finding her tribe and discussing how ill equipped we are for life in the 21st Century. WATCH HER TED TALK HERE. Ruby is currently on a UK tour with her new show Ruby Wax: Sane New World – an extension of this TED talk. You can also catch her at the St. James Theatre in Victoria next March.


text:
I have problems using the function TIN(linear) interpolation in Qgis. The program crashes when larger areas is interpolated.
Map properties: vector map, Geometry typ = Point, features in this layer: 523851, EPSG:32633 - WGS 84 / UTM zone 33N, files =.shp
When i divide the map into more layer(like 80 000 points each) and then interpolate them together(by adding more layers in the interpolation meny), it works, except some areas still makes the program crash.
Any idea how to solve this? Or have someone had/have the same problem?
Maybe the problem is: can't handle large files or the algorithm have problems triangulate between some points patterns.


text:
Netscape 6 and Mozilla do not currently support this method. Retrieves the value of an arbitrary key.
WinRegValue getValue ( String subkey, String valname);
getValue method has the following parameters:
The key path to the appropriate location in the key hierarchy, such as "
- The name of the value-name/value pair whose value you want.
The getValue method retrieves the value of an arbitraty key. Use this method if the value you want is not a string. If the value is a string, the
getValueString method is more convenient.


text:
A spatiotemporal model of shifting cultivation and forest cover dynamics
Sustainable use of humid forest resources as a source of fertile land for cultivation requires long periods of fallow and the ability to move the zone of active cultivation from one location to another over time. At the individual field level, shifting cultivation is essentially a resource extraction problem akin to a pulse fishery – a short period of intensive use of the stock of soil fertility followed by a long idle period permitting regeneration. This paper describes a spatiotemporal model of resource extraction adapted to the use of forest resources by shifting cultivators. Theoretically grounded in the spatial and household modelling literature, it is a structural simulation model of household decision-making, and includes a demonstration of the concept with a limited data set from southern Cameroon. Use of a stated preference approach to modelling decision-making identifies individual preferences and spatial path-dependency as important sources of shortened fallows and resource degradation.
Volume (Year): 13 (2008)
Issue (Month): 05 (October)
|Contact details of provider:|| Postal: Cambridge University Press, UPH, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 8BS UK|
Web page: _URL_


选项
Reference
Mode:Sculpt Mode
Panel:Toolbar ‣ Options
Threaded Sculpt
Takes advantage of multiple CPU processors to improve the sculpting performance.
Fast Navigation
For multi-resolution models, shows low resolution while navigating in the viewport.
Use Deform Only
Limits the activated modifiers on the active object to Deform Modifiers, and Multiresolution. Constructive modifiers (like Subdivision Surface, Mirror and other) get deactivated, because they could give inaccurate results.
Show Diffuse Color
Allows the active object to show its diffuse color when sculpting.
Show Mask
The option to hide mask in the viewport. Brushes themselves are still affected by the mask, but the viewport will not display the mask.
See also
See the Display options.
Unified Brush
Size
Forces the brush size to be shared across brushes.
Strength
Forces the brush strength to be shared across brushes.
Color
Not used in Sculpt Mode.
Gravity
Factor
Setting the factor allows you to add gravity to your brush strokes, giving it a draping effect.
Orientation
Using another object, the gravity can be oriented to the set object's local Z axis, changing the direction of the gravity.


text:
- Can buyers see reserve price eBay?
- Is the reserve price the same as buy it now?
- Do you have to pay reserve fee if item doesn't sell?
- What happens when a reserve is not met?
- How are reserve prices set?
- Can you end a listing on eBay?
- How much does eBay charge for a reserve price?
- Can I sell to highest bidder if reserve not met?
- Why are eBay's fees so high?
- Do you have to pay eBay if your item doesn't sell?
- Should I tell bidders what my reserve is?
- Can I remove a listing from eBay?
- What happens if reserve price isn't met on eBay?
- What happens if someone bids over the Buy It Now price?
- Why is there a minimum reserve price on eBay?
- How do I find out the reserve price on eBay?
- Should I set a reserve price on eBay?
- How do you know if eBay item has reserve?
- What happens if you are the only bidder on eBay?
- How do you find the reserve price at an auction?
Can buyers see reserve price eBay?
A reserve price is the lowest price you're willing to sell an item for.
Bidders can't see the reserve price, but they'll see whether it has been met..
Is the reserve price the same as buy it now?
On eBay, a reserve price is the minimum price the seller will take for an item, while a Buy It Now price is a set price you can buy an item for. A listing with a Buy It Now option does not mean that the bidding has a reserve price, though the two features can be used together in one listing.
Do you have to pay reserve fee if item doesn't sell?
When you place a reserve on your item, you're charged an insertion fee based on the amount of the reserve plus the reserve price charge. Fixed-price listing fees are pretty clear-cut. … If your item doesn't sell, don't think you can get your insertion fees back. They are nonrefundable.
What happens when a reserve is not met?
A reserve price is a minimum price that a seller would be willing to accept from a buyer. In an auction, the seller is not typically required to disclose the reserve price to potential buyers. If the reserve price is not met, the seller is not required to sell the item, even to the highest bidder.
How are reserve prices set?
Setting a reserve price correctly involves finding the perfect line between ensuring the reserve is high enough to guarantee you a comfortable amount if reached and low enough that it will not be prohibitive to encouraging bidding on the day. There is a common fear of setting the reserve price too low.
Can you end a listing on eBay?
Yes, you may end the listing by cancelling all bids. You may be charged a final value fee based on the amount of the highest bid, or you may sell the item to the highest bidder. … You can only end auction listings with bids one at a time by selecting a valid reason.
How much does eBay charge for a reserve price?
Auction-style listing example 2Insertion fee$0.00Final value fee (10.2% of $7,830, max. fee $750)$750.00Gallery Plus fee$0.70International site visibility fee$0.40Reserve price fee (7.5% of $400)$30.002 more rows
Can I sell to highest bidder if reserve not met?
If the listing ends without any bids that meet the reserve price, you aren't required to sell the item. … The highest bidder will win the item. If the bidding does not reach $150 (the reserve price), the item won't sell, and the seller isn't required to honor any bids below the reserve.
Why are eBay's fees so high?
The eBay Community : Shipping costs are so high because Sellers have to buy tracking and signature required now for every package because it's very easy for buyers to make claims and get free items. Postage is not the only cost in shipping. … The seller pays fees on both the selling price and the shipping price.
Do you have to pay eBay if your item doesn't sell?
If your item does not sell, then you are not charged any final value fee. However, listing fees are charged to your account at the time the listing goes live and are generally nonrefundable.
Should I tell bidders what my reserve is?
It costs the buyer nothing to bid, so just tell them to bid. … Sensible bidders will avoid any seller that won't reveal the reserve.
Can I remove a listing from eBay?
You can delete an eBay listing you've posted if you no longer want to sell the item, though certain restrictions apply. Deleting your eBay listing will cancel all active bids and remove it from users' watchlists.
What happens if reserve price isn't met on eBay?
If the reserve price isn't met, the item won't be sold. Sellers can choose to add a reserve price when listing an item in an eBay auction. … This means that even if you're the highest bidder at the end of the auction, you won't win the item.
What happens if someone bids over the Buy It Now price?
In most categories, the Buy It Now price must be at least 30% higher than the auction price. When someone bids, the Buy It Now option usually disappears; however, in the case of reserve price listings, the Buy It Now option remains until the reserve price is met.
Why is there a minimum reserve price on eBay?
A reserve price is the lowest price you're willing to sell an item for. By using a reserve price you can set a low starting price for your auction – and boost interest in your item – but without the risk of having to sell your item for less than you think it's worth.
How do I find out the reserve price on eBay?
No, the buyer cannot see the reserve price. If a member places a bid that meets or exceeds the reserve price, then the high bid showing will immediately jump up to the Reserve.
Should I set a reserve price on eBay?
A reserve price can be useful for a rare, unique or antique item, that hasn't much selling history on eBay. It can prevent a seller from losing money on those items. To help you figure out what price you can start one of your items at, with a good chance of selling them, do an Advanced Search.
How do you know if eBay item has reserve?
You have to click through to the Listing Page for the particular listing to find out if there is an unmet reserve (will say "Reserve not met" under the "current bid" amount) and from there to the Bid History Page (click on the # of bids on the Listing Page) to find out if there is a reserve that has been met (will say …
What happens if you are the only bidder on eBay?
I called eBay and they said if you are only bidder you will pay your highest bid because no one else bid on your price! So, if the starting bid is $0.99 and you bid $100, you should pay $100!
How do you find the reserve price at an auction?
Disclosing the Reserve PriceThe Reserve Price is disclosed in certain instances. … When the Reserve Price is disclosed, you can find it on the property details page under the number of beds/baths or under the Current Bid or Starting Bid.


text:
An Affinity for Africa
If you're a fan of our dried fruit, then you probably know we prioritize sourcing our products from Africa. Or maybe you just learned that. In either case, you're likely wondering why. Why does Mavuno Harvest prioritize sourcing from Africa?
Our affinity for Africa began in 2003 when our founder, Phil, served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Kenya. For over two years, he lived and worked in a rural village called Miti Mingi. He focused on public health & water/sanitation issues within the local community.
Left-brained, Phil naturally kept returning to an overwhelming deficiency in the small village: farmer income. He wondered why farmers were predominantly impoverished when there was ample arable land and copious skilled farmers.
Phil returned to the U.S. in 2005 but he couldn't forget what he saw in Kenya. Like many visitors before and after, Africa made an indelible impression on his heart and soul, refusing to leave.
Six years and a few fits and starts later, Phil took the entrepreneurial plunge. He moved back to Kenya and started Mavuno Harvest. His goal was to increase small-scale farmers' incomes. Traditionally, others have tried to improve farmers' economic situation through charity and handouts. Or, they came in with heavy-handed outside ideals. Phil saw a different path. He sought to connect smallholder farmers in Kenya to global markets through the vehicle of a U.S.-based brand.
Picture: Phil, after starting Mavuno Harvest, on one of his many trips in Africa
After over a decade of countless long flights back and forth all over Africa, we're proud to say we have bought thousands of tons of fruit and nuts from smallholder farmers in Africa. We learned our method was effective. On their own accord, farmers increased their incomes.
Africa remains a cornerstone of our brand, but we don't source 100% of our products from there anymore. We thought, "why limit ourselves and our impact to just one corner of the world?"
We will always favor working in Africa. But, as the future unfolds, we are excited by the possibilities of working with other communities that have inadequate market connections but amazing culture and delicious foods to share with the world. This is how we intend to continue our mission to serve our customers and suppliers.


text:
Introduction to Ice Fishing
Don't let the winter doldrums keep you cooped up inside – Ice Fishing is a great way to spend time outdoors with family and friends, while getting some fresh air and exercise!
The Department of Energy and Environmental Protection - Connecticut Aquatic Resources Education (CARE) program is offering FREE ice fishing classes.
The CARE programs introductory ice fishing classes are held around the state and will teach you everything you need to know to start ice fishing. Topics discussed include – how to dress for the cold, ice safety, ice fishing equipment, what baits to use, what fish you will catch, how to drill a hole in the ice and use a tip-up and jig rod, and much more!
This event is jointly sponsored by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA), Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection (CT DEEP) Division of Parks, and Friends of Goodwin Forest.
The James L. Goodwin Forest and Conservation Center were gifts to the people of Connecticut from James L. Goodwin, one of America's first professional foresters and a long-time CFPA Board Member. The Center is jointly managed by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA) and the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection (CT DEEP) Division of Parks. For more information, select here.


A Couple of Things, and a Couple More
The word couple literally means "two," but it is often used to mean "an indefinite small number." So if you were to say, "I only have a couple of dollars," you would probably not be called out if you really had three or four.
However, your friend the grammar stickler might take exception if you said you had "a couple dollars." Although "a couple dollars" is common in everyday speech, traditionalists insist on "a couple of dollars." And since a couple of dollars doesn't sound stuffy or pretentious, why leave of out?
But things get tricky when couple is used with words and phrases of comparison, such as more, fewertoo many, too few. Many people would say a couple of more dollars, but in that construction the of is dropped: a couple more dollars and a couple too few dollars are correct. However, if we slightly revise those phrases, of must be put back: a couple of dollars more and a couple of dollars too few are correct.
When the noun couple refers to two people, you often see it used as a singular: The couple was having dinner. But the more one writes, the more one discovers that with couple the plural verb should be used unless there is an excellent reason not to.
While it is true that The couple was having dinner is unobjectionable, what if we expand the sentence a bit. If the subject of a sentence starts out singular, it should remain singular. So if we wanted to say where the dinner took place, we would be forced to write The couple was having dinner in its home. That is atrocious, but so is The couple was having dinner in their home. Therefore, make it The couple were having dinner in their home. And make couple plural whenever possible (which is most of the time). You'll be in good company.
We recently heard from a reader who objected to a sentence she found in one of our online quizzes: We'll hire the applicant whom we talked with. She urgently informed us that "you do not end a sentence with a preposition!!!!"
This "rule" is the Walking Dead of English-grammar superstitions—a festering pest that cannot be destroyed. We are scolded about it at least once a year, and without exception those who upbraid us offer no evidence to substantiate their claims. (That is because none exists.) So we hereby challenge anyone who still swears by this dubious principle to relocate the preposition in this sentence: Speak when you are spoken to.
20 Comments on A Couple of Things, and a Couple More
20 responses to "A Couple of Things, and a Couple More"
 1. Janice says:
 Is it a couples' banquet or a couple's banquet? I would hate to correct and be the one who needs correcting.
 2. Ramses IV says:
 Good devil! And I thought that the Portugese grammar was a nuts matter! Thanks for the savant clarifications. So it's not wrong to say: I had a couple of days off to sort things out?
 3. MK Harman says:
 Which is correct: a couple of more thoughts OR a couple more thoughts?
 4. David Teems says:
 The CMS (15th ed.) says, "Using COUPLE as an adjective is poor phrasing. Add OF (We watched a COUPLE OF movies). Hollywood particularly seems to have accepted the use of the word "couple," without the preposition "of." It is maddening to hear phrases like "a couple days" instead of "a couple of days," and so on. It is even more hideous to see it in print. Shudder. When we speak the word "couple" as in "a couple hours" the preposition seems to be there, though it is not. It is an illusion. To say "cup coffee" has the same effect. You almost hear the preposition though, again, it is absent. The deception is aural.
 5. Mark says:
 Speak when you are spoken to. At the risk of proven wrong with your challange, I submit the sentence below, removing the ending preposition. Is this acceptable?
 When spoken to, you may speak.
 - Your sentence does not solve the problem. Those who believe the discredited rule about prepositions at the end of a sentence would still object, because the preposition (they say) must always be followed by its object. Your preposition is followed by a comma. We used that sentence to show that English is not meant to follow Latin rules. English is a Germanic language, and such languages commonly place prepositions after their objects, and at the end of sentences.
 6. Chris says:
 The "couple was" problem is an example of why the British English system of notional agreement (synesis) is better than the American English system of unnecessarily formal agreement. Sense should trump form.
 7. Steven says:
 Speak only after someone has spoken to you.
 8. Sara says:
 "Speak when someone speaks to you."
 Ending a sentence with a preposition drives me crazy!
 - Nice try, but no soap. You had to rewrite the sentence.
 Our point was that in English, as with other Germanic languages, a preposition ending a sentence is the most natural thing in the world. What drives us crazy is the time wasted avoiding something that is perfectly acceptable. In this case, you have taken a clear, simple sentence that everyone has heard and seen many times, and unnecessarily replaced it with a clumsy paraphrase.
 - Dr. Jazz Normand says:
 "Speak when addressed." No, it doesn't have the alliteration. But it's correct grammar. (And yes, it's correct to begin a sentence with but or and.) However, you point out the complexities of English verbs that take prepositions, e.g. 'to point out.' Another is 'to be up to' as in "What are you up to?" English grammar is fun!
 - Your sentence is indeed "correct grammar," but so was our sentence. Our point was that the preposition in Speak when you are spoken to cannot be relocated, and it is pointless to rewrite clear, grammatical sentences in service to some daft, discredited superstition.
 9. Jared says:
 Thanks for this blog post. I was wondering about the extension of this concept to "group," "team," "family," etc. In these cases I'm much more likely to use "its," even if sounds a little awkward. "The team was practicing in its stadium," or "The family was piling into its minivan." Or would these be better as plurals as well?
 Also, I've noticed that Brits often take the approach of using a plural to refer to groups, even without a phrase of comparison. For instance, "The family are eating dinner," "The group are against that idea," or even with companies, "Morgan Stanley are keen to move forward." I was wondering if you had any thoughts on this? I always try to avoid plurals and go with singular in these cases, but I thought that was American English versus British.
 Thanks again!
 10. Chuck says:
 What about the phrase, we will couple the train cars together. Than it is used as a verb, and means a action. It does not mean two. Am I correct?
Leave a Comment or Question:


text:
Eugene Ionesco (1909 - 1994) was a Romanian-French playwright, and one the foremost figures of the French avant-garde theater.
Ionesco was born in 1912 in Romania of a French mother and Romanian father; his formative years were spent in France. In 1925 he returned to Romania when he learnt the "native" language. He subsequently taught French. Does a perfect knowledge of two languages enrich one's appreciation of language in general?
"Bilingualism involves a sort of intellectual acrobatics. I think that it is indispensable for my work as a writer. But I don't believe that different languages represent totally different visions of life, nor that nationality is an isolating factor. From my experience as a bilingual speaker, I would say that there can be an exact translation from on language to another, because there is a commonly shared structure which is permanent and universal. Although children learn a different language depending on where they were born, nevertheless the process is the same in all cases. For we all have the same anxieties and ask the same questions; and nationality, like politics, is secondary to the central problem of man's existential condition."


text:
BMCC Respiratory Pigment Capable of Reversible Oxygen Binding Discussion
help answer questions answers should be detailed
a) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of a respiratory pigment with relatively low O2 affinity in terms of its loading and unloading gas properties.
b) A fish swims from a body of cool water into a body of warm water. As its body temperature rises, its rate of O2consumption increases. The warm water, however is likely to have a lower concentration of dissolved O2 than the cool water because the solubility of O2 in water decreases as temperature increases. These two factors taken together, an increase in the fish's rate of O2 consumption and a decrease in the dissolved O2 concentration of its environmental water, can make it difficult for the fish to obtain enough O2 to meet its needs. The two factors can act as a two-pronged trap. Actually, however, the fish may face a three-pronged trap. How is the increase in temperature likely to affect the O2 affinity of the fish's hemoglobin, and how could the effect on hemoglobin add even further to the challenge the fish faces? Does global warming pose concerns of this sort?
c) To study the chemical properties of the blood hemoglobin of a vertebrate, it might seem convenient to remove the hemoglobin from the red blood cells so that hemoglobin is in simple aqueous solution. However, removing the hemoglobin from red blood cells often promptly alters its O2-binding characteristics. Explain why?


text:
The objective of this procedure is to show you how to use an oxyacetylene torch for heating. Wear a leather apron or similar protective clothing and welding gloves when using an oxyacetylene torch and always use proper welding goggles.
Part 1. Preparation and safety
- Use an oxyacetylene torch for heating.
Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal protective clothing and equipment that is appropriate for the task and which conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items, this may include:
- Work clothing - such as coveralls and steel-capped footwear
- Eye protection - such as safety glasses and face masks
- Ear protection - such as earmuffs and earplugs
- Hand protection - such as rubber gloves and barrier cream
- Respiratory equipment - such as face masks and valved respirators
If you are not certain what is appropriate or required, ask your supervisor.
- Oxygen and acetylene cylinders must be securely stored in an upright position.
- An oxyacetylene torch can produce a large amount of heat. Be aware that any objects you direct the flame towards will become hot.
- Always have a suitable fire extinguisher near your work area.
- Do not use an oxyacetylene torch near any flammable materials.
- Make sure that you understand and observe all legislative and personal safety procedures when carrying out the following tasks. If you are unsure of what these are, ask your supervisor.
Points to note
- If a cylinder falls over and breaks the main valve off, the cylinder will become a missile and cause extreme damage.
- Wear a leather apron or similar protective clothing and welding gloves when using an oxyacetylene torch. T-shirts, nylon and polyester blend clothing will not provide enough protection. Ultraviolet light and sparks of hot metal will pass through them.
- Always use proper welding goggles. Do not use sunglasses because they do not filter the extreme ultraviolet light as effectively. The plastic used in sunglass lenses will not protect your eyes from sparks.
- Never point the lighted flame toward another person or any flammable material.
- Always light the oxyacetylene torch with the striker. A cigarette lighter or match would put your hand too close to the igniting tip.
- Wherever possible, use a heat shield behind the component you are heating. This will prevent nearby objects from becoming hot.
- After heating a piece of metal, label it as "HOT" with a piece of chalk so that others will not attempt to pick it up.
Part 2: Step-by-step instruction
- Light the torch and adjust neutral flame
Light the torch and adjust the gas flow so that you have a neutral flame.
- Heat for 'Removal'
Place a flywheel and ring gear assembly on a set of insulating spacers, to elevate it from the working surface. Direct the flame onto the ring gear and apply the heat until smoke starts to appear. Stop applying the heat. At this stage, the ring gear is hot enough to remove by gently tapping with a hammer and drift. DO NOT TOUCH the metal with your hands. Use welding Gloves and tools that are designed for use in a hot environment.
- Heat to 'Red Hot'
Direct the flame to the component you wish to heat. If the component is made from thin metal it will heat quicker than one that is thicker. Apply the heat evenly, until you notice the object begin to glow red. Once the glow is uniform, the metal will now be hot enough to manipulate. Once again DO NOT TOUCH the metal with your hands. Use welding gloves and tools that are designed for use in a hot environment.
- Shut down
When you have finished the job, you will need to shut down the equipment. Turn off the acetylene valve on the torch handle. This will extinguish the flame. Turn off the oxygen valve on the torch handle. Next, remove your safety goggles or mask and your welding gloves. Turn the main cylinder valve clockwise on the top of both gas cylinders. Now open the two valves on the torch handle to "bleed" the system. Turn both the oxygen and acetylene regulator handles counter-clockwise until they are loose. Close both valves on the torch handle. Put the handle and tips away, and return the gas cylinders and their hoses to their proper storage area.


text:
Yu, L.; Snapp, R. R.; Ruiz, T. & Radermacher, M. Probabilistic principal component analysis with expectation maximization (PPCA-EM) facilitates volume classification and estimates the missing data. Journal of structural biology, 2010 , 171 , 18-30
We have developed a new method for classifying 3D reconstructions with missing data obtained by electron microscopy techniques. The method is based on principal component analysis (PCA) combined with expectation maximization. The missing data, together with the principal components, are treated as hidden variables that are estimated by maximizing a likelihood function. PCA in 3D is similar to PCA for 2D image analysis. A lower dimensional subspace of significant features is selected, into which the data are projected, and if desired, subsequently classified. In addition, our new algorithm estimates the missing data for each individual volume within the lower dimensional subspace. Application to both a large model data set and cryo-electron microscopy experimental data demonstrates the good performance of the algorithm and illustrates its potential for studying macromolecular assemblies with continuous conformational variations.


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Pulse Induction Metal Detector - The Best Detectors for Finding Gold!
The pulse Induction metal detector is the best metal detector for finding gold in the WA Gold fields because;
 - PI Detectors do not respond to the iron mineralization commonly found in the WA Goldfields e.g. magnetite.
 - This is strongly evident in magnetite hotrock conditions which will cause the VLF to overload but not impact on a PI. A nugget of gold next to a magnetite hotrock will be missed by a VLF detector but the positive gold response will be picked up by a PI detectors.
 - They have increased depth over VLF due to the increased power that can be generated to the coil which creates a stronger signal.
 - Pulse Induction metal detectors are designed specifically for the conditions found in the goldfields of Australia.
As outlined in the Compare metal detectors page, it can be seen that the PI is the best metal detector for finding native gold nuggets.
How do Pulse Induction Metal Detectors Work?
The Pulse Induction Metal Detector generates a brief high current pulse into the ground via the coil transmit wiring. When the current is flowing it generates a magnetic field that expands outwards from the coil.
When this magnetic field encounters a metallic object it changes the current flow.
When the current pulse is turned off the current flow generated by the object generates back to the coil creating the target sound.
The resulting signal (target sound) returned via the receive coil is amplified, sampled and analysed.
This cycle is repeated on an ongoing basis hundreds to thousands of times per second.
Why Can You Find Small Pieces of Iron Easily Yet Miss Small Gold?
It is important to note that the signal strength and duration of the signal varies from object to object. Iron produces a larger and longer signal than gold and that is why a similar sized piece of iron will produce a stronger signal than gold and be easier to detect!
So if you are wildly swinging your detector and finding small pieces of iron like staples and no gold, remember it may be the technique you are using that is preventing you detecting those small pieces of gold. It does not follow that just because you are finding small fragments of iron you will also always find the small gold!
Pulse Induction Metal Detectors Main Advantages
Mineralised Ground Handles mineralised ground better than a VLF. Heavily mineralised ground will overload the circuits of a VLF.
DepthGenerally greater depth particularly in mineralised areas.
Hot RocksHandles hot rocks and mineralisation better than VLF.
Small Nugget DetectionIn noisy mineralised areas the PI has an advantage over the VLF.
Monoloops Only Used on PI metal detectors.Monoloops are only used on PI detectors and they can be more sensitive to smaller gold.
For a further information about coils see Metal Detector Coils
PI Metal Detectors Designed to Find GoldIn general terms the PI Metal Detectors have been specifically designed and built to find native gold nuggets.
PricePrice of PI Machines are much higher than the VLF machines
Electrical Interference and EMIMore sensitive to Electrical and Electromagnetic interference.
Discrimination PI Machines do not reliably discriminate between different metals.
The most reliable discriminator is you, by digging the target!
A Signal can be Generated by some hotrocks In PI Detectors PI Machines will generate a response to the basalts and banded jaspers in WA
Some hotrocks will generate a weak target in the WA goldfields but the target dissapears if the coil is raised so deeper hotrocks do not generate a notieceable signal.
Earth Field Effect signal (EFE)This is the noise caused by voltage generated by the coil moving through the earths magnetic field.
Although there is an attempt to elimintate this in the design of the detector it is seldom eliminated.
This signal is particularly noticeable at the end of each swing of the metal detector.
Other sensitivity to noise PI Machines can create strong ground noises in some conditions such as:
- Where there is a clay base.
- Where there is a accumulation of buried ash from fires.
- Where there is concentrations of Maghemite (Ferromagnetic ferric oxide)
What Should You Base Your Purchase Decision On?
For example now the Minelab 5000 series has been released, Minelab 4500 machines are readily available second hand for about $Aud4500.
Minelab 4000 machines range down from these prices.
A new Minelab 5000 metal detector will set you back $Aud6700 - the technology of the Minelab 4000 and 4500 is excellent for finding gold in Western Australia, but at a much lesser cost.
Compare Metal Detectors
If you review this page and the VLF metal detector page it will help you make a more informed decision based on your needs and the criteria you want to use when selecting a metal detector and coil combination.
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text:
A generalized theory of open quantum systems combined with mean-field theory is used to study a superconducting wire in contact with thermal baths at different temperatures. It is shown that, depending on the temperature of the colder bath, the temperature of the hotter bath can greatly exceed the equilibrium critical temperature, and still the wire remains in the superconducting state, meaning that the effective local temperature in the wire is maintained below the critical temperature. The effects of contact areas and disorder are studied. Finally, an experimental setup is suggested to test our predictions.
|Journal||Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics|
|State||Published - 9 Dec 2009|


text:
The history of Tolstoy can be traced back to determine his geneology because he came from ancestors who were very well-known and prosperous in Russia.
Tolstoy's Family History
The Tolstoy family was considered to be noble and important in Russia. Tolstoy and his family are believed to have gotten their start from a man named Indris.
- Indris immigrated from Germany to Russia in 1353.
- It was here that he was baptized, given a new name, and served as military governor.
- He was the founder of several families which were considered to be noble.
- Indris' great-grandson, Andrey Kharitonovich, moved to Moscow, the center of Russian wealth and power. His military knowledge and good looks served him well as he schemed for wealth and influence.
- Andrey became the Grand Duke Vasiliy Tolstoy and the family thrived and profited from Russia's growth and success.
Tracing Tolstoy's Geneology
According to Leo Tolstoy, His Life and Work, (compiled by Pavel Biryukov and Revised by Leo Tolstoy from the 1911 English-language edition and distributed by the Tolstoy Library OnLine) on Tolstoy's father's side of the family, his genealogy actually breaks down to:
Number of Generations from Indris:
- (15 Generations) Peter Andreyevich Tolstoy was the first Count
- (16 Generations) Ivan Petrovich
- (17 Generations) Andrey Ivaonvich
- (18 Generations) Ilya Andreyevich, Governor of Kazan
- (19 Generations) Aleksandra, married to Count Osten-Saken. Nikolay.
- (19 Generations) Pelageya, married to V.P. Yushkov. Ilya (dies without children)
- (20 Generations) Nikolay, Sergey, Dmitriy, Lev, and Marie
As you can see, there are many generations of nobles in the background of Tolstoy and he is 20 generations removed on his father's side from the first noble Indris.
The genealogy on this mother's side is just as impressive. The maternal ancestral line traces back through royalty including princesses and other members of royal families that allowed Tolstoy to have the upbringing and nobility that he had during his time.
Facts About Leo Tolstoy
- Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lyev Nikolayevich Tolstoy, was born in Russia on September 9, 1828.
- He was born the fourth out of five children to very loving parents, but his parents died when he was very young.
- Tolstoy was raised by relatives until he came of age and was able to join the Russian army, which he did with his brother.
- It is during the days that he spent with the Russian army that Tolstoy began writing.
- Today he is known as one of the greatest novelists of all time, if not the single greatest novelist ever. He has written such well-known books such as War and Peace and Anna Karenina.
- In addition to his writing, he also became a devout Christian in his lifetime and his beliefs influenced well-known leaders of history such as Ghandi and Martin Luther King, Jr.
- Tolstoy died in 1910 of pneumonia after wandering outside alone at the age of 82.


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MarkLogic Server 11.0 Product Documentation
GET /v1/alert/rules
Summary
Retrieve the definition of all alert rules previously installed in this REST API instance using the /v1/alert/{name} service.
URL Parameters
database? Perform this operation on the named content database instead of the default content database associated with the REST API instance. Using an alternative database requires the "eval-in" privilege; for details, see Security Requirements in the REST Application Developer's Guide.
format? The expected content type of the results. This is equivalent to specifying the format in the Accept header. The format parameter overrides the Accept header if both are present. Accepted values: xml and json. Default: xml.
Request Headers
Accept* The expected MIME type of the information in the response. Accepted types: application/json or application/xml. Ignored if the request includes a format parameter value.
Response Headers
Content-type The MIME type of the data in the response, either application/json or application/xml, depending upon the MIME type requested through the format parameter or Accept header on the request.
Response
On success, MarkLogic Server responds with a 200 status. The data in the response body is definitions of all installed rules. Results can be returned as either XML or JSON, depending up on the format request parameter or the Accept header setting. For details on the format of rule definitions, see Defining an Alerting Rule in the REST Application Developer's Guide.
If the Alerting API is not enabled, MarkLogic Server returns status 403.
Required Privileges
This operation requires the rest-reader role, or the following privilege:
_URL_
Usage Notes
The expected response type can be specified using either the format parameter or Accept header. One or the other must be supplied. If both are supplied and are different, the format parameter takes precedence.
Example
$ curl --anyauth --user user:password -X GET -i -H "Accept: application/xml" \
 'http://localhost:8000/v1/alert/rules'
==> The definitions of all installed rules, as XML. MarkLogic Server
 responds with output similar to the following:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-type: application/xml; charset=utf-8
Server: MarkLogic
Content-Length: 542
Connection: Keep-Alive
Keep-Alive: timeout=5
<rapi:rules xmlns:rapi="_URL_
 <rapi:rule>
 <rapi:name>example</rapi:name>
 <rapi:description>An example rule.</rapi:description>
 <search:search xmlns:search="_URL_
 <search:qtext>xdmp</search:qtext>
 <search:options>
 <search:term>
 <search:term-option>case-sensitive</search:term-option>
 </search:term>
 </search:options>
 </search:search>
 <rapi:rule-metadata>
 <author>me</author>
 </rapi:rule-metadata>
 </rapi:rule>
</rapi:rules>

Example
$ curl --anyauth --user user:password -X GET -i -H "Accept: application/json" \
 'http://localhost:8000/v1/alert/rules'
==> The definitions of all installed rules, as JSON. MarkLogic Server
 responds with output similar to the following:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Server: MarkLogic
Content-Length: 190
Connection: Keep-Alive
Keep-Alive: timeout=5
{ "rules": [
 { "rule": {
 "name": "example",
 "description": "An example rule.",
 "search": {
 "qtext": [ "xdmp" ],
 "options": {
 "term": { "term-option": [ "case-sensitive" ] }
 }
 },
 "rule-metadata": { "author": "me" }
 } }
] }

Stack Overflow iconStack Overflow: Get the most useful answers to questions from the MarkLogic community, or ask your own question.


Difference between Torque and Moment
Difference between Torque and Moment
Distinguish, differentiate, compare and explain what is the difference between Torque and Moment in physics. Comparison and Differences.
To make an object rotate, a force must be applied in the right place. The combination of force and point of application is called Torque. Rotational inertia is a parameter that is used to quantify how much torque it takes to get a particular object rotating. It depends not only on the mass of the object, but where the mass is relative to the hinge or axis of rotation. The rotational inertia is bigger, if more mass is located farther from the axis.
Comparison and Difference between Torque and Moment
1. Torque is a movement force or dynamic force and it is commonly used for wheels and rotating objects while Moment is a static force.
2. Torque is often presented as Nm/revolution whereas Moment is typically presented as Nm.
3. Torque tends to be used when there is an axle or pivot to be turned around. Moment tends to be used in essentially non-rotational situations such as analysis of forces on a beam.
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Difference between Moment vs Torque
Torque vs Moment
Differences between Moment vs Torque
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The Power of Music in Your Fitness Classes
The Power of Music in Your Fitness Classes
. 3 min read
How many times have you started your workout feeling sluggish but then plugged in your favorite power song and immediately felt uplifted? It's not magic; it's psychology.
Research shows that music can reduce your perception of fatigue, improve your mood, and make exercise seem easier. For these reasons, music is a powerful and essential tool for your fitness classes.
Before you start building your awesome musical playlist, let's review some music basics you need to consider.
You may already be familiar with the term BPM or Beats Per Minute, which refers to a song's tempo. When choosing tunes for your fitness class, you want to select the BPM that corresponds to the type of exercise you are doing.
For example, a higher BPM relates to a faster-paced workout, whereas a lower BPM is excellent for more tranquil movements. If you don't know the BPM of a song (it can be hard to recognize if you're not musically inclined), try this handy BPM tool.
Wondering what BPM you should aim for your specific workout type? Here are general tempo guidelines:
Yoga, pilates, or other low-intensity activities: 60 to 90 BPM
Power yoga: 100 to 140 BPM
HIIT: 140 to 180-plus BPM
Zumba and dance: 130 to 170 BPM
Steady-state cardio, such as jogging: 120 to 140 BPM
Weightlifting and powerlifting: 130 to 150 BPM
Set the Mood
Beyond the workout type, you can also consider choosing the right BPM depending on which part of the workout you are in. For example, as you are warming-up you might want your participants to feel energized, so choose tunes with a BPM between 110 to 140. In the cool-down phase, you want to lower the heart rate, so choose songs with a BPM of 60 to 90.
Now that you've identified the tempo of the songs you'd like to include in your fitness playlists, it's crucial to consider if you can legally use this music. By definition, you need to own the rights to any music you use in your fitness class, whether it's virtual, in-person, or on-demand.
The short answer is that you need to own the commercial rights to the music you are using in your fitness class. If you subscribe to a streaming music service, like Spotify, your license only permits you to play music for personal, non-commercial purposes (think: jamming out in your car.)
To acquire the commercial rights, you'll need to go through an organization like ASCAP, BMI, or SESAC. Or you can subscribe to a service like Epidemic Sound, but be aware that a commercial license costs around $49/month.
Remember your most important instrument
Music isn't everything—the instructor's voice is essential. Have you ever been to a class where the music was so loud that you couldn't hear what move came next? It's especially important to get this balance right when teaching online. You compete with background noise, smaller visual fields, and potentially, a new audience unfamiliar with your teaching style.
If you own your music, you may consider setting up an audio mixer or using the Shared Audio feature.
Regardless of the setup you choose, remember to test. Try out your workout routine with your playlist and make sure that you've chosen the right song for the right part of your workout. Create a test class and invite your friends, family, or us! Ask for feedback on your sound, and play with features like auto-adjust or Moxie Music.
An all-in-one solution
If BPM and licensing have your head spinning, there is an easier alternative: Moxie Music. Moxie Music features smart technology to help ensure an excellent class experience. The music volume is automatically adjusted whenever the instructor speaks, so you don't need to shout. Best of all, it's fully legal. Find out more about Moxie Music.


text:
During an initialization phase, the ITask interface provides your custom task with injected dependent objects, see here for more details on these objects. One challenge while writing a custom ITask implementation is debugging your task with real-time injected values. One approach is to have your debugger launch a finished or failed job in a similar environment as the IIS Transform Manager would.
Here are the high level tasks to achieve this:
- Run and locate a job instance
- Identify the program and arguments to execute
- Setup the working environment
- Run the command under your debugger


text:
Kinematic singularity avoidance for robot manipulators using set-based manipulability tasks
MetadataShow full item record
This paper proposes a novel method for kinematic singularity avoidance for robot manipulators. Using set-based singularity avoidance tasks within the singularity-robust multiple task priority framework, avoidance of kinematic singularities is guaranteed without interfering with the convergence of compatible equality tasks. Non-compatible equality tasks will still be fulfilled to the extent possible. In addition, the method can be used to reconfigure the robot into a more dexterous configuration. The proposed method is applicable to both redundant and nonredundant robots, with both fixed base and floating base. The implementation is generic and independent of the type and number of tasks. Although also applicable for non-redundant fixed base robot manipulators, this novel approach is particularly well suited for highly redundant and/or floating base manipulators, since the robot configuration can be changed to improve the dexterity of the manipulator arm. We demonstrate the method by applying it to an underwater swimming manipulator, which is an innovative and highly redundant underwater floating base manipulator. Furthermore, simulation results are presented that illustrate and validate the proposed method.