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Recycling stations located in all Res Halls
Most buildings have recycling and trash carts at the end of each hallway on every floor, or in the lounge or basement.
Recycling in the Residence Halls
Recycling in UVM residence halls is easy and convenient for all students. Every student room is provided with a recycling box. (The box is considered part of the room inventory and should be left in the room at year's end for new students to use next year). Recycling guidelines are printed on the box and posted throughout the hall. Students can use the box to keep paper, cans and bottles separated from other trash.
Students are responsible for removing their own trash and recycling from their rooms, and bringing material to the central collection carts. In each location, the carts are marked for either "Recycling" or "Trash." Please be sure to put items in the proper cart. If too much trash is mixed in with the recycling, then it will be considered contaminated and it cannot be sent to the recycling facility.
Corrugated cardboard and pizza boxes CAN be recycled! Boxes must be emptied and stacked neatly on the floor next to the Recycling Cart. (No pizza crusts, napkins, or plastic box liners, please.)
Each day, the Residential Life Housekeeping staff carry the trash and recycling down to the loading dock. (Be sure to thank them for helping to recycle!) UVM Recycling staff collect the materials from there.
Last modified August 15 2014 12:16 PM


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Teach and reinforce place value concepts with this complete collection!
Teach and reinforce place value concepts with this complete collection. The Didax Classroom Essentials: Base Ten Set includes full sets of base-ten materials as well as books, games, and activities at various levels to make learning fun!
- 600 unit cubes
- 200 ten rods
- 20 hundred flats
- 3 thousand blocks
- 50 Base Ten activity mats
- Overhead Base Ten set
- Developing Mathematics with Base Ten
- Face Value, Place Value (Set B)
- Place Value Safari
- Base Ten Equivalence Dominoes
- Base Ten Activity Guide

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Is there a way to let a line, polygon,..., looks like it has been scribbled or hand drawn?

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Sure, break the line into several lines (or use a path with as many segments as you want). It should be fairly trivial to write a script that adds a bit of randomness to the points in each path segment. Another way is to use svg filters, see this example (more context and further examples available here).
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Bar Code Scanning in ColorDesigner Plus
ColorDesigner PLUS can use bar codes in the following ways:
 1. Send UPC/EAN code of the paint base to dispenser software, to be scanned there.
 2. Scan UPC/EAN code of the paint base in ColorDesigner PLUS before dispensing.
 3. Scan the bar code on a paint chip to look up the color (instead of typing the color name or color number).
UPC/EAN code handling verifies that the operator has the correct paint base and can size, so it eliminates one cause of mistints. To support UPC/EAN code handling (either of the first two features), the paint line database (Electronic Formula Book or Color Matching Database) must contain the UPC/EAN code for each base-can size combination.
To access a document (PDF) that includes the required Settings in ColorDesigner PLUS as well as configuring a Symbol LS4208 Scanner, click HERE


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PATINA / Handcrafting process
Many of our models -feminine or masculine - are individually hand painted. It means that the shoes are assembled and made of traditionally tanned leather, but the leather color is the natural color without being dyed. One of the processes before finishing is handmade painting using the PATINA technique: the paint is applied to the leather by hand gradually. Each and every shade of color is the work of a single result. The purpose is always to keep a pattern for the collection to be uniform, but each shoe is unique and singular.
The new Oxford Single Piece PATINA models stand out for the fact that the artisan paints - through a matrix - the classic Cap -Toe and Wing-Tip design. In order to achieve an avant-garde global look the Centenary shoes also includes the models' leather soles as an integral part of the final result. These are varnished and by a specific technique - "burning effect" - the margins are burned, thus creating a complete work.
* The Cap-Toe model represents a toe cap delimited with a horizontal line with no further detail. The Wing-Tip model represents a toe that draws through a brogueing line (shoe-specific holes) or a simple sewing line an open wings (a letter W).

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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I Chronicles Empires of David and Solomon
The stock image map shows the Empires of David and Solomon as recorded in the book of 1 Chronicles in the Bible. The map highlights the territories of these two powerful kings, which included modern-day Israel, Palestine, and parts of Jordan and Syria.
The map shows the cities and regions that were under the control of the Israelite empire during the reigns of David and Solomon, including Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Hebron, Megiddo, and Jezreel. The territories are color-coded to show the different regions under the rule of David and Solomon, and the key landmarks and cities are labeled.
The map provides a visual representation of the size and power of the Israelite empire during this period and offers insight into the political and cultural context of the ancient Middle East.


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[전기전자전파] 물리전자공학 2장 연습문제풀이
저작시기 2009.04 |등록일 2009.04.21 파일확장자어도비 PDF (pdf) | 29페이지 | 가격 2,000원
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SOLUTIONS CHAPTER 2
2.1. Of the two materials whose E-K diagrams are shown in Figure P2.1, which will have the lowest effective mass for electrons? Which will have the lowest effective mass for holes? Explain how you arrived at your conclusion.
2.2. Assume a material has an E-K diagram given by
2.3. Explain in your own words why the effective mass of an electron is different than its mass in vacuum.
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SOLUTIONS CHAPTER 2
2.1. Of the two materials whose E-K diagrams are shown in Figure P2.1, which will have the lowest effective mass for electrons? Which will have the lowest effective mass for holes? Explain how you arrived at your conclusion.
The effective mass is proportional to the reciprocal of the curvature of the band. The band with the greatest curvature therefore has the smallest effective mass. The E-K diagram on the right has a higher curvature in the conduction band, thus the effective mass for electrons in the conduction band is smaller than for the material on the left.
For holes, the material on the left has higher curvature and thus the effective mass for holes is smaller for the material on the left.
2.2. Assume a material has an E-K diagram given by
EK()conduction=EC+E1sin2(Ka)E(K)valence=EV−E2sin2(Ka)
Let a=0.5nm, E1=5eV, and E2=4eV.
a) Sketch the E-K diagram for the first Brillouin zone. Label the axes completely.
2.3. Explain in your own words why the effective mass of an electron is different than its mass in vacuum.
The effective mass includes the effects of the periodic potential of the crystal, so that Newtonian or classical mechanics can be used. If a given external force is applied, the effect on the electron is the sum of the external force plus all the internal forces due to the varying potential energy in the crystal. The effective mass can be used to predict the behavior of an electron in the crystal in reaction to the external force.
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Wind load is a control load that affects the safety of structures in the design of ocean platforms. It has not only direct and powerful effects that may cause structure resonance but also has indirect effects causing waves or currents in the ocean. By analyzing the domestic and international norms, this study presents a review of calculation methods of wind load on ocean platforms, which
A Step-by-Step Guide to the WISHA Lifting CalculatorA Lifting Index (LI) is calculated to provide a relative estimate of the level of physical stress and MSD risk associated with the manual lifting tasks evaluated. A Lifting Index value of 1.0 or less indicates a nominal risk to healthy employees.
Always consider the sling angles when making a lift. The angle of the sling can reduce the capacity of all the rigging due to sling tension. As an example, a horizontal sling angle of 30° will increase the tension factor by 2 times therefore doubling the weight felt by the sling and all related rigging.
Calculating cargo lift price, calculate lift - LIFTPROM LLCPlease indicate the cargo lift specifications you know for calculating lift. Please fill in all required information to calculate lift price. Please note! Cargo lifts are not designed for transporting people:Catalog. Mini cargo lift ; Vertical wheelchair lift & platform elevator for disabled
Calculation Method of Load Distribution for Two-crane Jul 27, 2018 · Calculation Method of Load Distribution for Two-crane Cooperative Lift. Abstract:Cooperative lifting by two cranes is widely used in the current construction site. Since the influence of changeable load in the cooperative lifting process, it is essential to take the load distribution into consideration while planning the lifting path to ensure the safety of the whole lifting process.
Lifting Lug subjected to a load with given slop e Lug with an applied force having an assigned sloped angle and eccentricity with respect to the hole. The verifications of the previous case are repeated with the additional verifications of the connected bottom section to the bending effect produced by the eccentricity of the force.
Experimental study and field application of appropriate Sep 01, 2018 · In well gas lift design, Beggs & Brill revised method is used for hydraulic calculation of pipeline flow due to low errors. 4.5 . Calculation of the volume of gas lift in the designing processes
Lift Rigging Calculator (incl. tilt) 2, 3 & 4 Leg CalQlataThe cross sectional area (A) of the lift wire (including gaps) = 0.00018m². The maximum static tension (T) in the lift leg under consideration is 2,750N. The extension (d) in the lift leg at the applied load is calculated thus:d = T.L ÷ A.E (from; E = /e) = 2750 x 2.7 / 0.00018 / 2.7E+10 = 0.00156m.
Jun 29, 2019 · Calculate divided load on each leg:Total load ( Tons) ÷ legs () = ( Tons) If a qualified rigger or rigging specialist ensures that the load is evenly distributed, the full. use of all the legs is allowed after approval. 10.
Materials Handling - Lifting With Eye Bolts :OSH AnswersUse shoulder eye bolts for vertical or angle loading. Be aware that lifting eye bolts at an angle reduces the safe load. Follow the manufacturer's recommended method for angle loading. Use an eye bolt that is made of materials that can withstand the environment it is
Methods To Calculate The Weight Of A Load Before An Jun 18, 2019 · Methods To Calculate The Weight Of A Load Before An Overhead Lift Date :- June 18, 2019 Author :- Vidhya Patel Category :- EOT crane Determination of a load of a substance before lifting it using a crane is vital for the safety and security of operators and workers at the site and the lifting
Duration (Dur) Determine the lifting duration as classified into one of three categories:Enter 1 for short-duration, 2 for moderate-duration and 8 for long-duration as follows:1 = Short lifting 1 hour with recovery time 1.2 X work time 2 = Moderate lifting between 1 and 2 hours with


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A systematic review of prevalence and risk factors associated with playing related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) in pianists.
MetadataShow full item record
Background Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) are a recognized problem amongst instrumental musicians. Although pianists are prominent in data regarding prevalence of PRMDs, there is poor understanding of piano-specific risk factors associated with PRMDs. Aim To synthesize published literature on the prevalence of and risk factors associated with PRMDs in pianists. Methods Thirty-eight databases were searched. Eligible studies were those investigating prevalence of or risk factors associated with PRMDs in pianists, using an appropriate methodology according to a hierarchy of evidence. Information regarding study population, operational definition of PRMD, risk factors investigated, statistical tests used and outcomes was extracted and narratively synthesized for all eligible papers above an arbitrarily chosen quality score. Results The literature search identified 482 citations. Fifty-two papers were ranked in a hierarchy of evidence; 12 were eligible for evaluation using a quality assessment tool. Common methodological limitations included sampling/measurement biases, inadequate reporting of reliability/validity of outcome measures, lack of operational definition of PRMD and no statistical significance testing. Prevalence rates for PRMDs in pianists varied widely (26–93%). Four authors demonstrated statistically significant risk factors; however, no authors combined a clear operational definition of PRMD with statistically established risk factors. There was no consensus between authors regarding risk factors. Conclusions Current evidence does not provide sufficient information regarding prevalence of and risk factors associated with PRMDs in pianists. Future studies should provide an operational definition of PRMD, use valid, reliable measurement tools, utilize a prospective cohort study design and perform appropriate statistical tests.
PRE2009-Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance)

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Tricon completed this very technically difficult project for the City of Dubuque. The Railroad Culverts Project is a critical phase of the larger Bee Branch Watershed Flood Mitigation Project and will increase the flood mitigation system's capacity to protect the area from a 75-year rain event to a 500-year rain event. The railroad culverts project involved using micro-tunneling methods to install six, 8-foot diameter culverts under the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) tracks along Garfield Ave. This will allow stormwater to drain more efficiently from the Upper Bee Branch Creek to the Lower Bee Branch Creek and 16th St. Detention Basin. The six steel culverts were installed under the CP Railroad tracks while the trains remained operational. A jacking system was constructed below the Bee Branch water basin and the culverts were installed by boring 200' long tunnels 20' under the railroad. Each pipe required considerable prep work including cutting the holes through the sheet pile walls to allow the micro-tunneling machine to pass.
Upstream and downstream connections were also built. These included a large buried concrete transition structure south of Garfield Ave. where water from the creek and the 22nd St./Kaufmann Ave. storm sewer system comes together before entering the newly installed pipes. Downstream, a structure was built to transition water from the pipes into the creek as well as a pumping station and gate to control the water level of the upstream creek and storm sewer.
This project took 2.5 years to construct.
Click on an image below to view in slideshow


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Low Cost Card Deck of Safe Coping Skills (English) - 112 cards; can play as game
The Seeking Safety card deck can be used as a game or to help remember the skills. It has 112 cards: 84 safe coping skills, 24 quotations, and 3 exercises. An ideas card offers various ways to play the game for groups and/or individuals. You can also make up your own games. The cards are professionally designed, with each type of card color coded (peach = relationship skills, blue = action skills, purple = quotations, etc.). The cards offer a fun way to learn and practice the ideas from Seeking Safety, and can be used with both adults and adolescents. This card deck is lower cost because it is missing the instruction card, but you can download that here. Also the colors are very slightly off, but the card deck is still totally fine! The low-cost card deck is available in English only but if you would like the Spanish deck or the regular English deck you can get those.


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Thai National Observatory
|Organization||National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand|
Doi Inthanon Mountain,|
Doi Inthanon National Park, Chom Thong, Chiang Mai, Thailand
|Altitude||2,457 meters above mean sea level|
|Related media on Wikimedia Commons|
Thai National Observatory (TNO) is in Doi Inthanon National Park, Chom Thong District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand A top Thailand's highest mountain, Doi Inthanon, this observatory is part of the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, and is its main facility.
The TNO has of two sections—the main observatory, and an auxiliary station lower on the mountain with offices and lodging for astronomers, facilities for public outreach activities (like school groups), and a small permanent exhibition for the public. Because the observatory is located in a national park, it was built to minimize environmental impact.
- 2.4-meter reflecting Ritchey–Chrétien telescope with altazimuth mount, known as the Thai National Telescope (TNT). The telescope control system also controls movement of the dome automatically. The telescope itself was manufactured in Tucson, Arizona at EOS Technologies, Inc. (EOST). The primary mirror was fabricated and polished at the Lytkarino Optical Glass Factory (LZOS) in Russia. It is the largest optical telescope in the region. The TNT is used for research by NARIT astronomers and visiting researchers.
- 0.5-meter Schmidt-Cassegrain robotic telescope. This is similar to the type used at NARIT's regional observatories. It is used for training and education, testing new instrumentation and techniques, supporting the main telescope, and research that does not require the use of the main telescope.
- 2k x 2k CCD photometer with an BVRI filter system
- A research-grade 4k x 4k CCD photometer with an BVRI filter system
- A high-resolution echelle spectrograph (scheduled for use in 2014)
- "Thai National Observatory (TNO)". National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (NARIT). Retrieved 2015-01-14.
- "Highest and biggest observatory of Thailand available now in Chiangmai". Chiang Rai Bulletin. 2013-01-24. Retrieved 2015-01-14.
- Kramer, Busaba (2006). "Astronomy in Thailand". IAU 2007. International Astronomical Union (IAU) (Astronomy for the developing world; IAU Special Session no. 5, 2006): 123–128. Bibcode:2007IAUSS...5..123K. doi:10.1017/S1743921307006850. Retrieved 2015-01-14.
|This article about a specific observatory, telescope or astronomical instrument is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
|This Thailand-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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This item was on the 10-2011 LoAR
1: Armegardj Sigurdsdottir - New Name
Submitter desires a feminine name.
Culture most important.
Armegardj - A version of Ermengard dated to 1383 from _URL_
Sigurdsdottir - Found in "Vanhat nimityyppimme (Finnish Names)" by Rouva Gertrud at _URL_
Also, St. Gabriel Report #1799 (_URL_ states: "The name was extremely popular in Norway and Iceland right through the Middle Ages in a variety of forms; the modern appeared by about 1300. The <ð> stands for the Norse letter "edh". The genitive form was originally , making the patronymic . However, we have found in 1346, so the patronymic byname would be appropriate after then." Source: Lind, E.H., _Norsk-Isla:ndska Dopnamn ock Fingerade Namn fra*n Medeltiden_ (Uppsala & Leipzig: _PHONE_, sup. Oslo, Uppsala and Kobenhavn: 1931)
The patronymic surname is constructed in accordance with practices outlined in Geirr-Bassi "Old Norse Name" regarding construction of patronymics.
The statement for the byname based on the Finnish name article is not quite accurate as the form Sigurdsdottir does not appear in that article, only the masculine given name Sigurd in the name of Sigurd Whenapha dated to 1379. The examples in that article never use the western Scandinavian form -dottir but note that patronymics can be formed either entirely from Finnish forms or at times using Swedish names and patronymic elements with the example of Maijsa Lucija dotter given which clearly shows the Swedish form -dotter. As documented, the name appears by precedent to be a step from period practice because of the admixture of the Swedish given name with the byname which uses forms that appear to be primarily Old Norse given the patronymic suffix used in the byname. (Per Friedemann's article "Swedish Feminine Given Names from SMP" cited for the given name, a fully Swedish patronymic form would use either dotter or dotther.) I strongly suspect that, given the statements in the Finnish name argument, you could remove the step from period practice by changing the byname to Sigurds dotter (one letter and not much sound change) either separately as in the examples or coalesced by dropping the space.


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 - Little, Brown
 - Little, Brown
A Little Book of Latin for Gardeners
Peter Parker
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Gardening: plants
How did the delphinium get its name? Which parts of the body lend their names to auriculas and orchids? Who are the gentian, lobelia and heuchera named after? Why are nasturtiums and antirrhinums connected? What does an everlasting pea have to do with Indian miniature paintings?
These are some of the questions answered in Peter Parker's adventurous exploration of the mysteries of Botanical Latin.
Evolved over many centuries and often thought to belong to the rarefied world of scholars and scientists, this invented language is in fact a very useful tool for everyday gardening. It allows us to find our way around nurseries; it sorts out confusions when two plants have the same English name; and it gives us all kinds of information about how big or small a plant will grow, what shape or colour it will develop, and what habitat it prefers.
In his lively survey, Parker agues that Botanical Latin is not merely useful, but fun. The naming of plants draws upon geography, social and medical history, folklore, mythology, language, literature, the human body, the animal kingdom and all manner of ancient beliefs and superstitions.
The book, beautifully illustrated with old woodcuts, explains how and why plants have been named, includes handy lists of identifying adjectives, and takes the reader down some of the stranger byways of human endeavour and eccentricity.
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Peter Parker
Peter Parker was born in Herefordshire and now lives and gardens in London's East End. He is the author of two books about the First World War, The Old Lie and The Last Veteran, biographies of J. R. Ackerley and Christopher Isherwood, and Housman Country: Into the Heart of England. He has written about plants and gardens for HORTUS and the Daily Telegraph, and is a former Chair of the Royal Horticultural Society's Lindley Library Advisory Committee.
He can be found online at, and


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This paper uses the example of the College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Libraries at the University of Edinburgh. It examines the changing course structure in veterinary medicine and shows how information skills training has developed to provide students with transferable skills which they can take into their veterinary career. This is particularly relevant as the profession is increasing the emphasis on continuing professional development. The paper investigates how staff in the Veterinary Libraries have collaborated with colleagues in the Medical Libraries, using the example of information skills training for medical students to tailor training for veterinary students. The paper will discuss how Library staff liaised with the Veterinary School to integrate information skills training into the undergraduate curriculum.
The paper will also discuss information skills training of postgraduate students and staff in the Veterinary School. Finally, the paper will show how the Veterinary Subject Guide on Library Online (_URL_ was developed to assist ease of access to resources for students. Relevance to the conference: The work described in this paper covers several of the conference themes including: training programmes, liaison with clients, teaching Internet search skills, knowledge sharing and developing library websites. Finally, it suggests that a 21st century veterinary library must develop to meet its clients' needs and provide them with the transferable skills they require in 21st century veterinary medicine.


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Hydrogels with fine-toothed molecular combs may make enduring glucose-monitoring implants
wallpapers News 2020-07-01
Comb-like molecules within the meshes of the hydrogel prevent small molecules, like glucose-sensing assays, from leaking out. Credit: Dr. Melissa Grunlan/Texas A&M University College of Engineering
In a new study, published online in the journal American Chemical Society (ACS) Applied Polymer Materials, scientists at Texas A&M University reported they have designed a hydrogel membrane that may be used to house optical glucose sensing materials, toward building a biosensor for monitoring sugar levels in diabetics.
By incorporating dangling, comb-type molecular chains within a type of hydrogel called poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) or poly NIPAAm for short, they showed that the membrane could prevent leakage of small-sized molecules, like the ones for glucose-sensing, while still allowing glucose to freely diffuse in and out.
When ready for clinical use, the researchers said these membranes could be used to form biosensors that could be easily implanted under the skin of the wrist and might offer a more comfortable alternative to transdermal implants, which sit partially outside the skin. Moreover, unlike transdermal implants that need to be changed every few weeks, this type of subcutaneous implant may only need to be replaced every few months.
"We've done a lot of work on hydrogel materials looking at mechanical properties and foreign body reactions, but our grand goal has always been to use poly NIPAAm membranes to build a subcutaneous glucose biosensor," said Dr. Melissa Grunlan, professor and holder of the Charles H. and Bettye Barclay Professorship in the Department of Biomedical Engineering. "In this study, we have been able to fine-tune the diffusion properties of these hydrogels that we have previously identified as a promising candidate for building long-term functioning glucose biosensors."
Poly NIPAAms are a class of organic hydrogels that have a soft texture, like contact lenses. One of their attractive properties is that they can undergo cyclical swelling and deswelling with small temperature fluctuations in the body. Since their surface is dynamically changing with temperature, they deter the attachment of cells and biomolecules. This active, self-cleaning mechanism makes poly NIPAAm hydrogels appealing for implants since they minimize the attack from the immune system.
To use the poly NIPAAm membrane for monitoring blood sugar, it must house enough glucose-sensing molecules or assays. Furthermore, the longevity of the hydrogel also depends on the membrane's ability to retain these assay molecules without their leaking out.
"Think about the NIPAAm hydrogel like a knitted sweater where the spaces between the meshes are formed by the crossing stitches. Right now, these spaces or windows in the hydrogels are too big, letting the assay molecules go right through," said Grunlan. "If the assays keep leaching out this way, we're not going to have a long functioning sensor."
Therefore, Grunlan and her team focused their efforts in fine-tuning the properties of poly NIPAAms to limit the leaking of glucose-sensing molecules while still allowing the glucose to freely diffuse through the hydrogel.
To decrease the size of gaps, the researchers inserted dangling molecules of different charges, lengths and concentrations to the poly NIPAAm hydrogel. When incorporated into the hydrogel, these molecules create comb-shaped barriers, whose teeth are designed to block diffusion of small assay-sized molecules. To test if this comb-like architecture can limit diffusion of glucose sensors, they also put within the hydrogel, fluorescently tagged molecules called dextrans, which served as proxies for glucose-sensing molecules. Next, they placed the hydrogel into water and measured the amount of fluorescence in the water due to the leaking of dextrans from the hydrogel.
The researchers found that when they used a negatively charged molecule called poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) or PAMP, the combs prevented the diffusion of dextrans. Furthermore, they also observed that glucose molecules were unhindered in their flow in and out of the hydrogel.
Grunlan noted that now that they have proof-of-concept that their hydrogels can curb leaking of small dextrans, the next step in their research would be to build a biosensor with glucose-sensing molecules contained within the membrane.
"Even though our present study did not involve actual sensing molecules, it very conclusively and precisely shows you what comb architectures can do for hydrogels to limit diffusion," said Grunlan. "This was a systematic study to show the effectiveness of our approach and the possibility of extending our findings to other areas of research other than glucose sensing for which hydrogels with limited diffusion need to be designed."


Dynamics of a fast-flowing plasma through a magnetic mirror field was investigated. A highly-ionized, high-density, He plasma produced by a quasi-steady MPD arcjet (MPDA) was injected into a magnetic mirror. In a uniform magnetic field region, ion acoustic Mach number (Mi) was almost unity, while in a diverging field region the Mach number increased up to 2-3. When the supersonic plasma flows into a converging field region, a shock-like structure was formed. The subsonic flow downstream of the shock was re-accelerated up to Mi of 2-3. The sonic condition (Mi=1) is satisfied at the magnetic mirror throat as in a conventional Laval nozzle. The adiabatic exponent of ions was evaluated by comparing measured spatial profiles with the prediction from 1D isentropic model.


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We investigate the long-term impact of early exposure to Berlusconi's commercial TV network, Mediaset, on voting behavior and civic engagement in Italy. To do so, we exploit differences in Mediaset signal reception across Italian municipalities due to the network's staggered introduction over the national territory and to idiosyncratic geomorphological factors. We find that municipalities exposed to Mediaset prior to 1985 exhibit greater electoral support for Berlusconi's party in 1994, when he first ran for office, relative to municipalities that were exposed only later on. This difference, estimated between 1 and 2 percentage points, is extremely robust and tends to persist in the following four elections. This effect can hardly be attributed to differential exposure to partisan news bias since, prior to 1985, content on Mediaset channels was dominated by light-entertainment programs and no news programs were broadcast until 1991, by which time the network was accessible to the entire population. Instead, we present evidence that early exposure to commercial TV was associated with a substantial decline in social capital consistent with the diffusion of a culture of individualism and civic disengagement that favored the political success of Berlusconi.
That is from the paper: "Voting Alone? The Political and Cultural Consequences of Commercial TV" by


text: Photograph of a lithograph depicting Fort Sutter, Sacramento, California, ca.1848. A group of seven pack mules are led across the small wooden bridge in the foreground by a horseman on land to the right and three more crossing the bridge to the left. Across the stream, the fort can be seen, surrounded by tall walls and two large, wooden gate doors. The top of the fort's main building is visible and flies the American flag. Lookout towers are positioned on the back corners of the wall, in front of which a fourth, lone horseman can be seen. The historical fort itself was armed with nine guns and had a garrison of 100 men.


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Those who love to cook know that every ingredient counts when it comes to whipping up your favorite meal. However, Japanese stop motion animation artist tomosteen is able to create an entire menu using just one ingredient: LEGOs. They might not be edible, but tomosteen's meals are oddly tantalizing. The clever animator is able to make the solid plastic pieces appear just like delicious chocolate, frosting, rice, eggs, and more.
Tomosteen says he "likes to cook with strange things" and LEGOs are certainly unusual. He chronicles his process for making cakes, French toast, salads, breakfasts, and more using trick-of-the-eye illusions. Tomosteen moves the colorful LEGO pieces frame-by-frame to make them look like they're being poured, mixed, sliced, and diced—just like real, edible ingredients.
Each color of LEGO brick has its place in cooking. Clear plastic is water, brown pieces resemble chocolate, and white bricks look just like cream or milk. When tomosteen cracks an egg into a bowl, the white and yolk pour out as plastic pieces that appear to jiggle like real, gooey liquid. And when "ingredients" are being mixed together, he uses clever editing to make different colored bricks appear as though they're becoming one color. Who knew plastic could look so tasty?
Check out tomosteen's fantastic stop motion animations below and find more from his portfolio on YouTube.


: ∆d = v∆t .
SIMPLIFY:
d 
t 
 t 
(a) ∆d = d1 − d2 = d1 − s3 t1 = d1 −  1  t1 = d1 − d1  1  = d1  1 − 1 
 t3 
 t3 
 t3 
(b) ∆d= v(t 3 − t1 )
CALCULATE:
 t 
9.77 s 

(a) ∆=
d d1  1 − 1 =
=
 (100. m)  1 −
 2.9791 m
 10.07 s 
 t3 
(b) ∆d (12 m/s)(10.07
=
=
s − 9.77 s) 3.6 m
ROUND:
(a) The answer is limited to 3 significant figures from 9.77 s so ∆d =
2.98 m.
(b) The distance then is 3.60 m between the first and third place runners.
DOUBLE-CHECK:
The two calculated distances are a small fraction (about 3%) of the race. It is reasonable for the third place
runner to finish a small fraction of the track behind the first place finisher.
61
Bauer/Westfall: University Physics, 2E
2.45.
THINK:
(a) Since the motion is all in one direction, the average speed equals the distance covered divided by the
time taken. I want to know the distance between the place where the ball was caught and midfield. I also
want to know the time taken to cover this distance. The average speed will be the quotient of those two
quantities.
(b) Same as in (a), but now I need to know the distance between midfield and the place where the run
ended.
(c) I do not need to calculate the acceleration over each small time interval, since all that matters is the
velocity at the start of the run and at the end. The average acceleration is the difference between those two
quantities, divided by the time taken.
SKETCH:
In this case a sketch is not needed, since the only relevant quantities are those describing the runner at the
start and end of the run, and at midfield.
RESEARCH:
The distance between two positions can be represented as ∆d = df − di , where di is the initial position and
df is the final one. The corresponding time difference is ∆t = t f − t i . The average speed is ∆d / ∆t .
(a) Midfield is the 50-yard line, so di =
−1 yd, df =
50 yd, t i =
0.00 s, and t f = 5.73 s.
(b) The end of the run is 1 yard past d = 100 yd,
so di 50
=
=
yd, df 101
=
yd, t i 5.73 s, and t f = 12.01 s.
(c) The average velocity is ∆v / ∆t=
ti
( v f − vi ) / (t f − t i ) . For this calculation,=
0,=
t i 12.01 s, and
v=
v=
0 m/s, since the runner starts and finishes the run at a standstill.
i
f
SIMPLIFY:
∆d df − di
=
(a), (b)
∆t t f − t i
(c) No simplification needed
CALCULATE:
∆d
(a)
=
∆t
∆d
(b)
=
∆t
 3 ft   0.3048 m 
( 50 yd ) − ( −1 yd )
= 8.900522356 yd/s  =

 8.138638743 m/s
( 5.73 s ) − ( 0.00 s )
 1 yd   1 ft 
 3 ft   0.3048 m 
(101 yd ) − ( 50 yd )
= 8.121019108 yd/s  =

 7.425859873 m/s
(12.01 s ) − ( 5.73 s )
 1 yd   1 ft 
∆v v f − vi
0 m/s − 0 m/s
= =
= 0 m/s 2
(c)
∆t t f − t i 12.01 s − 0.00 s
ROUND:
(a) We assume that the yard lines are exact, but the answer is limited to 3 significant figures by the time
data. So the average speed is 8.14 m/s.
(b) The average speed is 7.43 m/s.
(c) The average velocity is 0 m/s2.
DOUBLE-CHECK:
The average speeds in parts (a) and (b) are reasonable speeds (8.9 ft/s is about 18 mph), and it makes sense
that the average speed during the second half of the run would be slightly less than during the first half,
due to fatigue. In part (c) it is logical that average acceleration would be zero, since the net change in
velocity is zero.
62
Chapter 2: Motion in a Straight Line
2.46.
THINK: Use the difference formula to find the average velocity, and then the average acceleration of the
jet given its position at several times, and determine whether the acceleration is constant.
SKETCH:
final point − initial point
.
final time − initial time
SIMPLIFY: For velocity the difference formula is v =−
( x f xi ) / (t f − t i ) and the corresponding difference
RESEARCH: The difference formula m =
formula for the acceleration is a =−
( v f vi ) / ( t f − t i ) .
CALCULATE: As an example, v = ( 6.6 m − 3.0 m ) / ( 0.60 s − 0.40 s ) = 18.0 m/s , and the acceleration is
a=
( 26.0 m/s − 18.0 m/s ) / ( 0.80 s − 0.60 s=)
40.0 m/s 2 .
t [s]
0.00
x [m]
0
v [m/s]
0.0
a [m/s2]
0.20
0.70
3.5
17.5
0.40
3.0
11.5
40
0.60
6.6
18
32.5
0.80
11.8
26
40
1.00
18.5
33.5
37.5
1.20
26.6
40.5
35
1.40
36.2
48
37.5
1.60
47.3
55.5
37.5
1.80
59.9
63
37.5
2.00
73.9
70
35
63
Bauer/Westfall: University Physics, 2E
ROUND: The position measurements are given to the nearest tenth of a meter, and the time
measurements are given to two significant figures. Therefore each of the stated results for velocity and
acceleration should be rounded to two significant figures.
a [m/s2]
t [s]
x [m]
v [m/s]
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.20
0.70
3.5
18
0.40
3.0
12
40.
0.60
6.6
18
33
0.80
11.8
26
40.
1.00
18.5
34
38
1.20
26.6
41
35
1.40
36.2
48
38
1.60
47.3
56
38
1.80
59.9
63
38
2.00
73.9
70.
35
DOUBLE-CHECK: The final speed of the jet is 70. m/s, which is equivalent to 250 km/hr, the typical
take-off speed of a commercial jet airliner.
2.47.
THINK: I want to find the position of a particle after it accelerates from rest at a1 = 2.00 cm/s 2 for
t1 = 20.0 s then accelerates at a2 = −4.00 cm/s 2 for t 2 = 40.0 s.
SKETCH:
RESEARCH: The position of a particle undergoing constant acceleration is given by the formula
1
x = x0 + v0t + at 2 . The same particle's velocity is given by v= v0 + at . The final speed at the end of the
2
first segment is the initial speed for the second segment.
1
SIMPLIFY: For the first 20 s the particle's position is x1 = a1t12 . This is the initial position for the second
2
segment of the particle's trip. For the second segment, the particle is no longer at rest but has a speed of
v = a1t1 .
1
1
1
x =x1 + v0t 2 + a2t 22 = a1t12 + a1t1t 2 + a2t 22
2
2
2
CALCULATE:
1
1
x =(2.00 cm/s 2 )(20.0 s)2 + (2.00 cm/s 2 )(20.0 s)(40.0 s) + (−4.00 cm/s 2 )(40.0 s)2 =
−1200 cm
2
2
ROUND: The variables are given with three significant figures. Therefore, the particle is -1.20∙103 cm
from its original position.
DOUBLE-CHECK: Note that the second phase of the trip has a greater magnitude of acceleration than
the first part. The duration of the second phase is longer; thus the final position is expected to be negative.
64
Chapter 2: Motion in a Straight Line
2.48.
THINK: The car has a velocity of +6 m/s and a position of +12 m at t = 0. What is its velocity at t = 5.0 s?
The change in the velocity is given by the area under the curve in an acceleration versus time graph.
SKETCH:
base ⋅ height
2
RESEARCH: v= v0 + area, area of triangle =
SIMPLIFY: v= v0 +
∆a ∆t
2
(


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How to Improve G10
G10 provides the ability to enter data into various registers within the control, including offset data and parameters. For CNC users, having the ability to enter data into offsets can play an important role in improving a machine's performance.
Columns From: 10/1/2012 Modern Machine Shop,
Editor's Commentary
From the monthly column CNC Tech Talk.
G10 has one severe limitation (at least on FANUC controls): It can only write data into registers; it cannot read from them. If a machine is equipped with custom macro B, it is possible to read data from offset registers using a series of system variables. However, system variables are difficult to work with because the numbering differs among FANUC control models and can even vary within one control model based on the offset option.
An easier way to read offset data with system variables is to create a user-defined G code. In order to leave the G10 function intact, we need to pick a different G-code number, say G110. The value 110 will be placed in the parameter for the first (of 10) available user-defined G codes. Look in the custom macro B section of your programming manual to find the parameter numbers for user-defined G codes. This parameter will correspond to a program number (like O9011). Once this parameter is properly set, whenever the control reads a G110, it will automatically execute the related program (we'll use O9011).
The calling command could look something like this: N050 G110 T1.0 R10.0 V101.0
G110 will make the control execute program O9011. The T argument will specify the type of data being read. For our example, T1.0 will be for tool offsets and T2.0 will be for fixture offsets. R will specify the offset register number (10, in our example). V will specify the common variable number into which the offset value will be placed. In this example, the value of offset number 10 will be placed in common variable #101. So V lets us specify the common variable into which we want the value stored, enabling easy access to multiple offset values with more G110 commands. And since common variables are retained until at least the M30 of the main program, this common variable will be available for whatever purpose we require after the G110 command has been executed.
Here is our first attempt at program O9011. It can only access tool offsets and is not even referencing the T argument (yet).
O9011 (Data reading custom macro)
(T:#20, R:#18, V:#22)
#[#22] = #[2000 +#18] (Place offset value into common variable)
We're assuming the system variables related to tool offsets are in the #2000 series, meaning the value of offset number 10 will be in #2010. The (only) command in this custom macro places the value of #2010 (again, offset 10) in common variable #101. If you have more than one machine, and if they use a different series of system variables to access tool offsets, you will need a different custom macro for each machine. The calling command will remain the same from machine to machine.
To gain additional access to fixture offsets, we will need to add more G110 arguments. We'll add X, Y and Z to correspond to the various fixture offset registers. This will enable us to specify which fixture offset registers will be read. Consider this new command: N050 G110 T2.0 R3.0 V101.0 X1.0 Y1.0
If included, X, Y and/or Z specify which registers we want to read. If any are left out, the corresponding register value will not be read. In our example, we want to read the X and Y register values of fixture offset number three. The X register value will be placed in common variable #101. Though it is not specified, the Y value will be placed in common variable #102 (one variable number higher that the variable number specified with V. If Z is included in the G110 command, it will be placed in variable #103 (two higher than the value of V).
Here is the completed custom macro program.
O9011 (Data reading custom macro)
(T:#20, R:#18, V:#22, X:#24, Y:#25, Z:#26)
IF [#20 EQ 1.0] GOTO 10 (Tool offset)
IF [#20 EQ 2.0] GOTO 20 (Fixture offset)
#3000 = 100 (BAD VALUE FOR T)
GOTO 99 (Exit)
N20 (Begin fixture offset access)
#33 = 0 (Initialize flag to missing input)
IF [#24 EQ #0] GOTO 22 (Test for X)
#[#22] = #[5201 + 20*#18] (Read X register)
#33 = 1.0 (Missing input flag is satisfied)
N22 IF[#25 EQ #0] GOTO 24 (Test for Y)
#[#22+1] = #[5202 + 20*#18] (Read Y register)
#33 = 1.0 (Missing input flag is satisfied)
N24 IF [#26 EQ #0] GOTO 26 (Test for Z)
#[#22+2] = #[5203 + 20*#18] (Read Z register)
#33 = 1.0 (Missing input flag is satisfied)
N26 IF[#33 EQ 1.0] GOTO 99 (Test if XYZ are not missing)
#3000 = 101 (MISSING X, Y, OR Z)
N99 M99
We're assuming that system variables range in the 5200 series for this machine. If your machines use a different set of variables, reference the custom macro section of your programming manual.
This technique enables your main program to remain consistent from machine to machine. If each machine has an appropriate O9011 program, a given G110 command will work the same on all machines. Once this program is verified for each machine, you won't have to rummage through programming manuals to find the appropriate system variables every time you need to read an offset value.
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text:
Find Open Textbooks
Human Resources in the Food Service and Hospitality Industry
Description: Human Resources in the Food Services and Hospitality Industry is one of a series of Culinary Arts open textbooks developed to support the training of students and apprentices in British Columbia's foodservice and hospitality industry. Although created with the Professional Cook, Baker and Meatcutter programs in mind, these have been designed as a modular series, and therefore can be used to support a wide variety of programs that offer training in foodservice skills.
Author: The BC Cook Articulation Committee, go2HR
Adoption (faculty): Contact us if you are using this textbook in your course
Adaptations: Support for adapting an open textbook
Need help? Visit our Help page for FAQ and helpdesk assistance.
Accessibility: Textbooks flagged as accessible meet the criteria noted on the Accessibility Checklist.
- WEBSITE Read this book online
- WEBSITE Instructor Resource: Testbank. Email _EMAIL_
- DOWNLOAD Print PDF (.pdf) (0.6 MB)
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Human Resources in the Food Service and Hospitality Industry by The BC Cook Articulation Committee, go2HR is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
1. Reviewed by: Amy Tucker
- Institution: Thompson Rivers University
- Title/Position: Lecturer
- Overall Rating:
5 out of 5
Q: The text covers all areas and ideas of the subject appropriately and provides an effective index and/or glossary
The text cover all the areas, ideas and topics that would be found in a strategic management course. The table of contents provides an overview of the subjects being covered. There is no glossary. Examples, case studies, and facts provided are current. Each chapter provides clear learning outcomes, key terms and definitions within the content. The book is quite comprehensive and would be useful in any human resource management course within the hospitality sector.
Comprehensiveness Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: Content is accurate, error-free and unbiased
The content in this textbook is accurate, up-to-date and and error-free. Figures, charts, pictures, tables, examples, facts and case studies provide real world examples. The content represents typical views of other scholars in this field. The book is professionally written and easy to follow. There are references for each chapter.
Content Accuracy Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: Content is up-to-date, but not in a way that will quickly make the text obsolete within a short period of time. The text is written and/or arranged in such a way that necessary updates will be relatively easy and straightforward to implement
The content is up-to-date, recent and relevant in terms of examples, facts, case studies and diagrams. Fundamental ideas and models are relevant. All content provides current references to modern day life and can be easily updated if needed.
Relevance Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The text is written in lucid, accessible prose, and provides adequate context for any jargon/technical terminology used
The text is written in a professional manner. The content is written in a clear form of writing with straight forward examples and content. The style of the book is student friendly and engaging. All key terms are defined clearly and/or examples provided to explain the terms. It would be nice to have a glossary for quick review of key terms.
Clarity Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The text is internally consistent in terms of terminology and framework
The text is internally consistent in terms of terminology and framework for understanding key concepts and is comparable to other texts in this subject area. The content has a clear direction that is easy to follow.
Consistency Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The text is easily and readily divisible into smaller reading sections that can be assigned at different points within the course (i.e., enormous blocks of text without subheadings should be avoided). The text should not be overly self-referential, and should be easily reorganized and realigned with various subunits of a course without presenting much disruption to the reader.
The text content is divided into sections that could easily be used in a classroom or online learning environment. Learning outcomes provide the instructor an opportunity to create lessons and further reading around topics. Topics can also be moved to different parts of the curriculum in an easy manner that would relate to other sections of the book.
Modularity Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The topics in the text are presented in a logical, clear fashion
The learning outcomes are clear and the summary with key points - provide a solid overview of what to expect and summarizes what has been covered. In addition, there are websites, video's and other references that could be useful to readers.
Organization Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The text is free of significant interface issues, including navigation problems, distortion of images/charts, and any other display features that may distract or confuse the reader
The text flows well and does not have an interface issues. The book does not appear to be distracting or confusing. There are several sections that are bullet point - but this makes it easier to read and follow.
Interface Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The text contains no grammatical errors
None found. The text is written in a professional manner. It is well written, easy to follow and clear.
Grammar Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: The text is not culturally insensitive or offensive in any way. It should make use of examples that are inclusive of a variety of races, ethnicities, and backgrounds
The text is not culturally insensitive or offensive in any way. The book is written from a Canadian perspective. Lots of Canadian examples, references and websites.
Cultural Relevance Rating: 5 out of 5
Q: Are there any other comments you would like to make about this book, for example, its appropriateness in a Canadian context or specific updates you think need to be made?
The book is appropriate for a human resource management course in the food service and hospitality industry within Canada. The material is professionally written, up-to-date and engaging. The learning outcomes are clear and provide an overview of each chapter. Visuals, examples, websites, and case studies provide further learning opportunities. Instructors will be able break up chapter(s) into sections and provide further readings or assignments around each of these items. The Canadian references will provide further value for learners.


text:
Friday, January 13, 2012
Posted by D. Daniel Sokol
Gaurab Aryal (The Australian National University) and Maria F. Gabrielli (CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo) are Testing for Collusion in Asymmetric First-Price Auctions.
ABSTRACT: This paper proposes fully nonparametric tests to detect possible collusion in first-price procurement (auctions). The aim of the tests is to detect possible collusion before knowing whether or not bidders are colluding. Thus we do not rely on data on anti-competitive hearing, and in that sense is 'ex-ante'. We propose a two steps (model selection) procedure: First, we use a reduced form test of independence and symmetry to shortlist bidders whose bidding behavior is at-odds with competitive bidding, and Second, the recovered (latent) cost for these bidders must be higher under collusion than under competition, because collusion dwarfs competition, hence detecting collusion boils down to testing if the estimated cost distribution under collusion first order stochastically dominates that under competition. We propose rank based and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) tests. We implement the tests for Highway Procurement data in California and conclude that there is no evidence of collusion even though the reduced form test supports collusion.


text:
Nils DalénArticle Free Pass
Nils Dalén, in full Nils Gustaf Dalén (born Nov. 30, 1869, Stenstorp, Swed.—died Dec. 9, 1937, Stockholm), Swedish engineer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1912 for his invention of the automatic sun valve, or Solventil, which regulates a gaslight source by the action of sunlight, turning it off at dawn and on at dusk or at other periods of darkness. It rapidly came into worldwide use for buoys and unmanned lighthouses.
In 1906 Dalén became chief engineer of the Gas Accumulator Company, which marketed acetylene gas. He became managing director of the company in 1909 and then invented Agamassan, a substance that absorbs acetylene, making it possible to concentrate the gas with no danger of explosion. He was blinded by an explosion during an experiment in 1913, but he continued experimental work until his death.
What made you want to look up "Nils Dalen"? Please share what surprised you most...


text:
Following a strand of narrative studies pointing to the living conditions of storytelling and the micro-level implications of working within fragmented narrative perspectives, this article contributes to narrative research on work stories by focusing on how meaning is created from fragmented stories. We argue that meaning by story making is not always created by coherence and causality; meaning is created by different types of fragmentation: discontinuities, tensions and editing. The objective of this article is to develop and advance antenarrative practice analysis of work stories by exploring how different types of fragmentation create meanings. This is done by studying the work stories of job and personnel consultants and by drawing on the results of a narrative, ethnographic study of a consultancy. The analysis demonstrates how work stories are social practices negotiated, retold, edited and performed by the storyteller in an ongoing process allowing tensions, discontinuities and editing between failures and achievements, between dreams and work realities and between home and work life. We argue that by including different types of fragmentation, we offer a new type of antenarrative practice approach that offers a contemporary method for exploring meaning creation in work stories.
- Ledelse, organisationsudvikling og innovation


phrasebook
Tutorial
phrasebook is designed to make it relatively simple for you to place files containing string templates alongside your python modules. You have a few different options for doing so: You can place all your strings in a single file or you can break them out into multiple files within a directory. While we've tried to use simple naming conventions to minimize the boiler plate for creating a single phrasebook for a module, you can also create as many phrasebooks as you need by specifying the path for each one.
Single File Phrasebook
If you have just a few simple strings, you can place them all in a single toml file.
my_module.phr
txt1 = "Hello, $NAME."
txt2 = "Hello, $YOURNAME. My name is $MYNAME."
[sub1]
txt1 = "Hello again, $NAME"
txt2 = "Hello again, $YOURNAME. My name is still $MYNAME."
You can then access it from a python module with the same base name.
Note
If you don't supply the path constructor argument, the Phrasebook class will attempt to find a file or directory with the same name as the current module with the .phr suffix.
my_module.py
from phrasebook import Phrasebook
phrasebook = Phrasebook().load()
print(phrasebook.substitute('txt1', NAME='Eric'))
print(phrasebook.substitute('txt2', YOURNAME='Eric', MYNAME='Terry'))
print(phrasebook.substitute('sub1.txt1', NAME='Eric'))
print(phrasebook.substitute('sub1.txt2', YOURNAME='Eric', MYNAME='Terry'))
output
Hello, Eric.
Hello, Eric. My name is Terry.
Hello again, Eric
Hello again, Eric. My name is still Terry.
Phrasebook Directory
_URL_.sql
SELECT $COLUMN FROM $TABLE
_URL_.sql
SELECT $COLUMN1, $COLUMN2 FROM $TABLE
my_module.py
from phrasebook import Phrasebook
phrasebook = Phrasebook().load()
print(phrasebook.substitute('query1', COLUMN='first', TABLE='names'))
print(
 phrasebook.substitute(
 'sub1.query2',
 COLUMN1='first',
 COLUMN2='last',
 TABLE='names'
 )
)
output
SELECT first FROM names
SELECT first, last FROM names
Specifying the Path
You may not always want your phrasebooks to reside alongside your modules; sometimes you may want to share phrasebooks across modules. In those cases, you can provide a path argument to indicate the file or directory that contains your phrases.
phrasebook = Phrasebook(path='/path/to/my/phrases.phr').load()
Specifying Suffixes
If you have a phrases directory that contains many different types of files, you can indicate which files you want to include by specifying their extensions using the suffixes constructor argument. You can use this convention if you need to put other types of files (perhaps something like a README.md file that provides some documentation for the phrases) alongside the phrase files.
phrasebook = Phrasebook(suffixes=['.sql']).load()
Note
The example above demonstrates how you might create a phrase book that is particular to SQL phrases, but there is also a built-in SqlPhrasebook that you can use for that particular purpose.


Recently, plateletpheresis donations using a widely used leukoreduction system (LRS) chamber have been associated with T‐cell lymphopenia. However, clinical health consequences of plateletpheresis‐associated lymphopenia are still unknown.
Study Design and Methods
A nationwide cohort study using the SCANDAT3‐S database was conducted with all platelet‐ and plasmapheresis donors in Sweden between 1996 and 2017. A Cox proportional hazards model, using donations as time‐dependent exposures, was used to assess the risk of infections associated with plateletpheresis donations using an LRS chamber.
A total of 74 408 apheresis donors were included. Among donors with the same donation frequency, plateletpheresis donors using an LRS chamber were at an increased risk of immunosuppression‐related infections and common bacterial infections in a dose‐dependent manner. While very frequent donors and infections were rare in absolute terms resulting in wide confidence intervals (CIs), the increased risk was significant starting at one‐third or less of the allowed donation frequency in a 10‐year exposure window, with hazard ratios reaching 10 or more. No plateletpheresis donors that used an LRS chamber experienced a Pneumocystis jirovecii, aspergillus, disseminated mycobacterial, or cryptococcal infection. In a subcohort (n = 42), donations with LRS were associated with low CD4+ T‐cell counts (Pearson's R = −0.41; 95% CI, − 0.63 to −0.12).
Frequent plateletpheresis donation using an LRS chamber was associated with CD4+ T‐cell lymphopenia and an increased risk of infections. These findings suggest a need to monitor T‐lymphocyte counts in frequent platelet donors and to conduct future investigations of long‐term donor health and for regulators to consider steps to mitigate lymphodepletion in donors.1
Dose-dependent increase in cause-specific hazard ratio for immunosuppression-related infections
Hazard ratio beyond 50 donations between 1-11 years previously was inestimable due to lack of events
Dose-dependent increase in cause-specific hazard ratio for common bacterial infections
Wide confidence intervals due to few donors with very many donations
Figure 2. Risk of infections comparing LRS donations to non‐LRS donations, in relation to number of past donations between 1 and 11 years previously modeled as a restricted cubic spline. A, Immunosuppression‐related infections. B, Common bacterial infections. The range of the y axes is restricted to 128 for legibility.
Zhao J, Gabriel E, Norda R, et al. Frequent platelet donation is associated with lymphopenia and risk of infections: A nationwide cohort study. Transfusion. Published online November 13, 2020. [PubMed]


- Police may trace stolen Wi-Fi signals to find criminals, federal court says
 - email print
 - People who hijack their neighbors' Wi-Fi to commit crimes on the Internet shouldn't expect their misdeeds to stay hidden, a federal court has ruled, upholding an Allegheny County man's conviction for trading child pornography.
 State police in 2010 used a device called the "MoocherHunter" to trace a wireless Internet signal being used to transmit child porn after an initial raid on a Pittsburgh home turned up nothing.
 Tracing the signal through a neighbor's unsecured wireless router led an investigator to the apartment of Richard Stanley, who is now serving a four-year, three-month federal prison sentence.
 Stanley, 35, argued that because police didn't get a warrant before tracing the Wi-Fi signal back to his apartment, the evidence they seized -- including 144 images and videos depicting the sexual abuse of children -- should not have been admitted in his trial.
 In its decision last week, a three-judge panel of the 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals found that police didn't need a warrant because Stanley deliberately projected his criminal conduct outside of his home via the wireless Internet connection.
 "In effect, Stanley opened his window and extended an invisible, virtual arm across the street to his neighbor's router so that he could exploit his Internet connection," Judge D. Brooks Smith wrote for the panel. "In doing so, Stanley deliberately ventured beyond the privacy protections of his home."
 The Fourth Amendment protects people's homes from searches unless police can show probable cause they contain evidence of a crime. Because Stanley had made an unauthorized connection to his neighbor's Wi-Fi router, he was a virtual trespasser, the court said.
 "As such, he can claim no 'legitimate' expectation of privacy in the signal he used to effectuate this trespass," Smith wrote.
 The ruling is among the latest in a constellation of appeals court decisions defining the boundaries of Fourth Amendment protection when applied to modern wireless and computer technology.
 "This case and many others raise the question of whether new technology being used by law enforcement violates the expectation of privacy by showing where they are or where they've been and what they've entered into their computers or smartphones," said David Rudovsky, a University of Pennsylvania law professor who specializes in issues involving search and seizure.
 Hanni Fakhoury, a staff attorney with the Electronic Frontiers Foundation, which works to protect freedoms in the digital age, said the technology used in Stanley's case is widely used by law enforcement. Fakhoury said he would prefer to see courts review and apply discretion to its use to avoid abuses.
 "The government could absolutely use this technology in other ways," Fakhoury said. "They could sit outside a Starbucks and figure out who's doing what."
 In its opinion, the 3rd Circuit panel acknowledged the case raises concerns about privacy and rejected the trial court's basis for finding the MoocherHunter did not violate Stanley's rights.
 The trial court relied on a 1979 Supreme Court decision that said police didn't need a warrant to obtain a list of numbers that a telephone subscriber had dialed. The subscriber, the court said, voluntarily provided that information to the telephone company.
 Stanley's case was similar, the trial court reasoned, because he voluntarily connected to his neighbor's wireless network, providing information about his identity in the process.
 In his opinion for the 3rd Circuit, however, Smith wrote that anyone who uses the Internet must necessarily provide information to third parties as the user's computers and devices connect to others.
 A decision that an Internet user gives up his or her right to privacy by connecting with another computer could, "without adequate qualification, unintentionally provide the government with unfettered access to this mass of private information without requiring its agents to obtain a warrant."
 The 3rd Circuit also rejected an argument by Stanley's attorneys that police had to get a warrant under a 2001 U.S. Supreme Court decision involving the use of infrared screening equipment to find homes where marijuana was being farmed indoors. The excess heat from high-powered growing lamps could be used to locate such operations, police found.
 The Supreme Court found that the defendant justifiably relied on the privacy protections of the home to conceal his activities and that the police use of screening equipment violated his Fourth Amendment rights.
 "Stanley made no effort to confine his conduct to the interior of his home," Smith wrote. "In fact, his conduct -- sharing child pornography with other Internet users via a stranger's Internet connection -- was deliberately projected outside of his home."
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.NET Installer that automatically installs MSDE
By, 26 Jul 2008
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Often programmers want to build a single installer package that can install the application along with prerequisites and database. Fortunately for database, programmers can use MSDE which can be distributed along with your application, but MSDE lacks user interface so to configure it often we need to use command line.
This is the scenario:
 1. A programmer wants a single package that automatically installs.NET Framework and then installs MSDE and uses the database for the application that a programmer writes.
 2. In this tutorial, the installation will create a new database instance, with a name specified by the programmer, and it can detect whether this instance exists and as for removal, so for safety programmer just create a unique database instance name.
 3. The library then automatically attaches the database to this newly installed database instance. First I have written two projects which are required to be included in your solution. First is JohnKenedy.DataAccess and second is JohnKenedy.DataAccessModule. This is because the installation code is coming along with this library.
 4. The goal of this project is, user gets the installation files, double clicks the EXE, and clicks next and next following the instruction without the need to understand how to connect database, the database name, username, password and so on, user just clicks next and next, the application will install the.NET prerequisites, the database, and attach the database that programmer has created all automatically, and the application that programmer writes, runs and connects to the database without user knowing how to configure them. What user needs to know is only how to use the application that the programmer writes.
 1. Download the sample code I attach and extract it to D:\Software Pekerjaan\Makanan (I use for this example.)
 2. Assume the MenuMakanan project is the Windows Application project that you are creating and which is going to be deployed. From this project, add reference to library named JohnKenedy.DataAccess.
 3. Download MSDE by clicking here. Double click the.exe and by default it will extract to your C:\sql2ksp3. Copy the extracted contents to MenuMakanan project bin\debug\MSDE2000 folder.
 4. Detach your application's database to become MDF file, and copy the MDF file only to MenuMakanan project bin\debug\MSDE2000 folder. For this example, it is Food_Data.MDF which is contained in the download for example.
 5. In your application (MenuMakanan), add an Application Configuration file or app.config (in this sample, it already exists), and create two new keys in AppSettings section, read App.Config in sample for more information. Remember to set IsInstall=0, and IsRestart=0 as follows, because this will tell your application to install before running, IsRestart will be 1 if it is finished installing and requires to restart your computer so that the newly installed MSDE service is running.

 6. In your startup Form or form that is first run when application starts in this example is Login.cs, in the constructor after InitialilzeComponent, add codes that look like this:
 public Login()
 Installation _ins = new Installation(
 "Food", "JOHN", "MenuMakanan", "Food",
 if (_ins.IsDone == false) _ins.ShowDialog();
 if (_ins.IsRestart == true)
 3. Third is MenuMakanan, which is the new database instance that will be installed, this is similar with (local)\SQLExpress database instance that Microsoft installed when we install VS 2005, though this one is MSDE one. This name must be unique, and this database instance will only contain one database name which will be defined in the fourth parameter, and be used by your application only.
 5. Fifth is JOHNKENEDYDAL, which is the sa password for the newly installed MSDE, this password is required when you use Enterprise Manager (SQL 2000) to connect to the database instance.
 6. Food_Data.MDF is your MDF file name, that is stored in MenuMakanan project bin\debug\MSDE2000 folder. You can change this as it suits you.
Create Setup and Deployment Package
 1. Create a new Setup and Deployment project, in this sample it already exists with name SetupMakanan.
 2. In the application folder, create a new folder name MSDE2000, and inside this folder create three folder names Msi, MSM, and Setup. Then inside MSM folder, create a folder names 1033. This structure is the same with the MSDE extracted folder earlier in Step 3, we then add files to these folders MSDE2000, Msi, MSM, 1033, and Setup folder according to the MSDE extracted folders.
 3. Add Food_Data.MDF to MSDE2000 folder, because the Installation class will look for the filename in this folder. After step two and three, it will look like:
 Click here for a bigger image
 5. And then select the second radio button. Download prerequisites from the same location in my application. Click OK, and save.
 6. Build your whole solution, and then build SetupMakanan project, and you will see in SetupMakanan project debug folder Setup.exe SetupMakanan.msi, and two new folders, one is Windows Installer 3_1 and another is DotNetFX35 which are the.NET prerequisites.
This library is not fully for Installation, instead the library has Data Access feature, which article can be found here.
Installation is one of the features in the library I developed recently. I have tested the Setup package in a computer that never had.NET and database installed, and it did successfully install.NET and MSDE and run the application smoothly.
About the Author
John Kenedy S.Kom
Software Developer (Senior)
Singapore Singapore
Comments and Discussions
GeneralAbout Setup Pinmemberrentcoder20-Mar-09 0:48
Generaltwo.mdf's Pinmembergrks22-Dec-08 1:49
QuestionWhy MSDE? PinmemberPaul Conrad27-Jul-08 10:31
AnswerRe: Why MSDE? PinmemberJohn Kenedy S.Kom27-Jul-08 19:42
GeneralRe: Why MSDE? PinmemberPaul Conrad27-Jul-08 19:47
GeneralRe: Why MSDE? PinmemberJohn Kenedy S.Kom28-Jul-08 5:36
GeneralRe: Why MSDE? PinmemberPaul Conrad28-Jul-08 5:42
GeneralRe: Why MSDE? PinmemberJohn Kenedy S.Kom28-Jul-08 8:07
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Article Copyright 2008 by John Kenedy S.Kom
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text:
can be configured with any view registration mechanism: _USER_ decorator, ZCML, or imperative add_view styles.
Most web applications need to accept form submissions from web browsers and various other clients. In Pyramid, form submission handling logic is always part of a view. For a general overview of how to handle form submission data using the WebOb API, see Request and Response Objects and "Query and POST variables" within the WebOb documentation. Pyramid defers to WebOb for its request and response implementations, and handling form submission data is a property of the request implementation. Understanding WebOb's request API is the key to understanding how to process form submission data.
There are some defaults that you need to be aware of when trying to handle form submission data in a Pyramid view. Having high-order (i.e., non-ASCII) characters in data contained within form submissions is exceedingly common, and the UTF-8 encoding is the most common encoding used on the web for character data. Since Unicode values are much saner than working with and storing bytestrings, Pyramid configures the WebOb request machinery to attempt to decode form submission values into Unicode from UTF-8 implicitly. This implicit decoding happens when view code obtains form field values via the request.params, request.GET, or request.POST APIs (see pyramid.request for details about these APIs).
Many people find the difference between Unicode and UTF-8 confusing. Unicode is a standard for representing text that supports most of the world's writing systems. However, there are many ways that Unicode data can be encoded into bytes for transit and storage. UTF-8 is a specific encoding for Unicode, that is backwards-compatible with ASCII. This makes UTF-8 very convenient for encoding data where a large subset of that data is ASCII characters, which is largely true on the web. UTF-8 is also the standard character encoding for URLs.
As an example, let's assume that the following form page is served up to a browser client, and its action points at some Pyramid view code:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

The myview view code in the Pyramid application must expect that the values returned by request.params will be of type unicode, as opposed to type str. The following will work to accept a form post from the above form:
1 2 3
def myview(request): firstname = request.params['firstname'] lastname = request.params['lastname']
But the following myview view code may not work, as it tries to decode already-decoded (unicode) values obtained from request.params:
1 2 3 4 5
def myview(request): # the.decode('utf-8') will break below if there are any high-order # characters in the firstname or lastname firstname = request.params['firstname'].decode('utf-8') lastname = request.params['lastname'].decode('utf-8')
For implicit decoding to work reliably, you should ensure that every form you render that posts to a Pyramid view explicitly defines a charset encoding of UTF-8. This can be done via a response that has a ;charset=UTF-8 in its Content-Type header; or, as in the form above, with a meta http-equiv tag that implies that the charset is UTF-8 within the HTML head of the page containing the form. This must be done explicitly because all known browser clients assume that they should encode form data in the same character set implied by Content-Type value of the response containing the form when subsequently submitting that form. There is no other generally accepted way to tell browser clients which charset to use to encode form data. If you do not specify an encoding explicitly, the browser client will choose to encode form data in its default character set before submitting it, which may not be UTF-8 as the server expects. If a request containing form data encoded in a non-UTF8 charset is handled by your view code, eventually the request code accessed within your view will throw an error when it can't decode some high-order character encoded in another character set within form data, e.g., when request.params['somename'] is accessed.
If you are using the Response class to generate a response, or if you use the render_template_* templating APIs, the UTF-8 charset is set automatically as the default via the Content-Type header. If you return a Content-Type header without an explicit charset, a request will add a ;charset=utf-8 trailer to the Content-Type header value for you, for response content types that are textual (e.g. text/html, application/xml, etc) as it is rendered. If you are using your own response object, you will need to ensure you do this yourself.
Only the values of request params obtained via request.params, request.GET or request.POST are decoded to Unicode objects implicitly in the Pyramid default configuration. The keys are still (byte) strings.


text:
Nanoparticles in paints
Paint and coatings industries are seeking for more and more performing products, mainly for world wide market applications (automotive and construction field, for example), able to solve typical problems for surface finishing (corrosion and scratch).
TEC STAR produces nanoparticles that, used as nanofillers for paints and inks, provide new properties to polymer coatings, solving many problems related to the varnish industry:
- increasing scratch resistance and surface hardness
- improvement of UV light resistance
- increasing corrosion protection
- improvement of antiseptic effect (TEC Star anti-microbial)


text:
Cortex Futura: Algorithms of Thought, Political Science and Context-Dependent Insight
December 04, 2020
In this episode, we talk with Lukas Kawerau, aka. Cortex Futura on Twitter! A known Roaman in the personal knowledge management space, Cortex is an educator through the Roam courses Galaxy Brain and Cite to Write, to help you build deeper knowledge and think better.
In the middle of getting a Ph.D. in Political Science, he has done work on governance, cyber security, and data analysis throughout his career. With that comes the itch to make things, connect, to write notes down, and create his own personal workflows until stumbling into Roam. In this episode we talk about:
- The name Cortex Futura: Where does it come from?
- Lukas' origin story and how Roam blew his mind
- The Cortex Ph.D. workflow: Using Google Scholar, Zotero, Synchronous Reading, and more
- The principles of context-dependent insight, and how it differs from progressive summarization
- Algorithms of Thought, how tools of thought will expand and make an impact on existing institutions
- What Naval said on the Tim Ferriss podcast that made Lukas upset, and why
LinksSupport the show


text:
A solar-powered irrigation system handed over in Khost province
The National Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Irrigation Program (Ru-WatSIP) of Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) constructed and handed over a solar-powered irrigation system, aimed at watering the trees of Matun Recreational Park which is located in Matun area in Center of Khost province,
This solar-operated water supply project included digging of a 73-meters deep well, laying out of 2,000-meter long pipe network, construction of a 60,000-cubic meters reservoir and installation of 16 taps, 27 solar panels and pump. The project cost four million AFN which were funded through the State budget by Ministry of Finance (MoF),
With the completion of this project, irrigation water was provided for 7,000 pine trees and many rural families have gotten access to drinking water.


gpls_field_validation_message
 1. Description
 2. Usage
 3. Parameters
 4. Since
 5. Examples
 1. Change Validation Message for a specific field
Description
Filter the message that shows if a field fails validation due to a GP Limit Submission rule. Note, this does not impact form-wide validation.
Usage
Filter validation message for all fields that fail GP Limit Submission rules.
add_filter( 'gpls_field_validation_message', 'my_custom_function' );
Filter validation message for all fields that fail GP Limit Submission rules in a given form.
add_filter( 'gpls_field_validation_message_FORMID', 'my_custom_function' );
Filter validation message for a specific field in a specific form when it fails a GP Limit Submission rule.
add_filter( 'gpls_field_validation_message_FORMID_FIELDID', 'my_custom_function' );
Parameters
 - message boolean
 Validation message to be shown by the field when it fails a GP Limit Submission rule.
 - gpls_enforce_instance GPLS_Enforce
 The GPLS_Enforce instance.
Since
This filter is available since GP Limit Submissions 1.0-beta-1.21.
Examples
Change Validation Message for a specific field
The following example changes the GP Limit Submission validation message on field ID 4 in form ID 123.
<?php
/**
 * Gravity Perks // Limit Submission // Change Validation Message for a Specific Field
 * _URL_
 */
// Update "123" to your form ID and "4" to your field ID.
add_filter( 'gpls_field_validation_message_123_4', function( $message ) {
 return 'Example validation message.';
} );


text:
Officials announced that recent rainfalls in Iran have increased average precipitation for the water year in the country. raising water levels in dam reservoirs across the country.
Head of Iran's Water Resources Management Company (WRM) Mohammad Hajrasouliha said on Thursday that recent rainfalls beginning Monday and ending Wednesday increased the average peak to 172 millimeters from 165 millimeters recorded over the last water year in Iran.
Hajrasouliha said the rainfall affected major provinces in south. center and north of the country. including the province surrounding the capital Tehran.
Seyed Hossein Razavi. a local WRM official in Tehran. said that the two-day rains increased water levels in reservoirs of the province by two million cubic meters.
Razavi added that water levels in main reservoirs in Tehran were currently around 610 million cubic meters. 25 million cubic meters higher compared with the previous year.
He said that average precipitation in February in Tehran was nearly double the yearly figure.
Iran has seen years of dry spell before embracing waves of heavy rainfall in March.
That comes as the storage in water reservoirs has always been seen as a major factor for the country's economic growth and agricultural output.
Late in November. Iran's Ministry of Energy announced that heavy precipitation in the fall had been unprecedented in the last 51 years. adding that the volume of water behind dams across the country was then 26% more than what the figures showed a year earlier.
The total volume of water held currently behind dams across Iran was 25.4 billion cubic meters (bcm). a 26-percent year-on-year increase. said the news service of the Ministry of Energy Paven.ir. adding that 50 percent of the total capacity of the dams was empty compared to the 59-percent reported between September and October 2019.
The report said that precipitation as of 21 September. 2019. which marks the beginning of Iran's water year. until 22 November had been more than 42 millimeters on average. adding that the figure represented a 23-percent increase year-on-year compared to the past 51 years.


Main Article Content
Abstract
Fatigue has a significant impact on the economy of a region. This is because it leads to absenteeism, decreased productivity, health costs, and accidents. It is something complex primarily caused by 2 factors, including work and non-work fatigue. The purpose of this study therefore is to determine the factors associated with the fatigue level in copper and gold ore processing workers. It uses a cross-sectional design with the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC) questionnaire to measure the fatigue level and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) of 260 respondents working in the copper and gold ore processing firm. The results showed that 1 worker (0.4%) experienced severe fatigue, and 12 workers (4.6%) moderate, 243 (93.5%) mild fatigue, while only 4 (1.5%) were not affected. Additionally, there is a significant relationship between fatigue levels with sleep quality. In conclusion, poor sleep has the potential to increase fatigue. Companies therefore need to provide training related to the management of fatigue and sleep quality for workers.
Keywords
Fatigue management fatigue level Industrial Fatigue Research Committee Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index sleep quality
Article Details
How to Cite
1.
Lestari K, Muhamad AF, Susanto A, Putro EK, Yuliasari FS. Hubungan Faktor Penyebab Tingkat Kelelahan pada Pekerja Tambang Pengolahan Mineral Tembaga dan Emas. J Keskom [Internet]. 2020May28 [cited 2020Jul.14];6(1):109-14. Available from: _URL_


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Populating Components
1.
First, let's populate a ComboBox component. (We can skin it later.) From the Components panel, drag an instance of the ComboBox component onto the Stage. From the Parameters tab in the Properties panel, click to enter values into the Labels parameter. Click the plus button and enter three values—such as "Macromedia,""Microsoft," and "New Riders" (see Figure W7.1).
Figure W7.1. Parameters that contain multiple values are populated through this dialog box.
2.
Next, populate the Data parameter with three URLs to match the three items entered as labels (for example, _URL_, _URL_, and _URL_).
3.
Finally, specify the Change Handler to read jumpTime. We'll have to also write this function. (Some programming tools use the term "handler" to mean "function.") Anyway, in the first frame of the main timeline, type this jumpTime() function:
function jumpTime(who){
 trace(who.getValue());
}
If you test the movie, you'll see the URL any time an item is selected from the ComboBox component. Even though we didn't specify a parameter for the jumpTime() function, this component automatically passes a reference to the component that triggers the function. That's nice in this case because we won't have to name the instance. If you had several ComboBox instances on the Stage, you'd probably want to know which one triggered the function (instead of, perhaps, making a different function for each one). Anyway, I found the getValue() method under FlashUIComponents, FComboBox in the Actions panel. It returns the currently selected value (not just item number).
Obviously, you could change the trace statement to do a getURL (for example, getURL(who.getValue())). Before you do that, I'll just show a solution to making this ComboBox component trigger only when the user changes the selected item.
4.
To modify the way the ComboBox component works, we won't really change the component but rather how our function responds to it. Check out this finished version of the jumpTime() function:
function jumpTime(who){
 if (lastTime==who.getSelectedIndex()){
 return;
 }
 lastTime=who.getSelectedIndex();
 getURL(who.getValue())
}
Now you can't navigate to the same place twice in a row. For example, if the user makes a selection, and then selects the menu and decides not to change anything, it won't take them anywhere (the way it did before). The code stores the last selected item number in the lastTime variable. Then, every time this function is triggered, we first check to see whether the current selected index (using another ComboBox method, getSelectedIndex()) is the same; if it is, we return and skip the rest of the code. This is just one solution. We'll come back to this ComboBox component to add a new skin. Now let's go and tweak the code in some of the other components.
To follow the next section, you need to download and install the Extension Manager and the Flash UI Components Set 2. You can find them both at _URL_
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text:
3D MRI tumor images. The method proposed demonstrates good generalization capability from the best individuals obtained in the learning phase to handle sparse image data on publically available benchmark dataset and real time data sets.
A 2-D analytic based eddy-current transient model for a conducting plate is derived that is capable of accounting for continuous changes in the input conditions. Only the source field on the surface of the conducting plate needs to be known. In addition, a 2-D steady-state analytic based eddy-current model that is capable of accounting for frequency and velocity changes in two directions is derived. Both analytic based models have been validated using finite element code. The transient and steady-state models are integrated into an electromechanical system where the magnetic source is a Halbach rotor. The accuracy of both calculation methods is compared. The stiffness and damping coefficients are derived using the steady-state model.


text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
A spot beam, in telecommunications parlance, is a satellite signal that is specially concentrated in power so that it will only cover a limited geographic area. Spot beams are used so that only earth stations in a particular intended reception area can properly receive the satellite signal.
One notable example of the use of spot beams is on direct broadcast satellite systems such as DirecTV and DISH Network that deliver local broadcast television via satellite only to viewers in the part of North America from which those terrestrial broadcast stations originate.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


text:
I was looking for a way to display textures from Grim Dawn properly for a long time now and had a really hard time getting on with it which is why I started this project.
The idea is to provide an easy-to-use library that allows displaying the .tex and .dds files from Grim Dawn as I want to prevent you guys from getting frustrated the same way I did.
The library is written in C#, using Visual Studio Express 2013 for desktop.
Usage (Visual Studio)
Adding a reference to your project
- Right click "references" in your project explorer
- Choose "Add reference"
- Choose "browse" on the left of the window that should now appear.
- Choose "browse" on the lower right of the window
- Navigate to "GDImageLibrary.dll" and double click it.
- If you did everything right, it should look like this:
- Now click "ok". You now should be able to use the GDImageLibrary.
- To add it as namespace, add it to your code like this:
The ImageBuild Method builds an object of the type "Bitmap" from a byte array that holds the pixels of an image. It also requires the width and height of the image.
Bitmap bm = GDImage.ImageBuild(byte PixelArray, int ImageWidth, int ImageHeight);
The ConvertIntArrayToByteArray method converts, as the name says, an integer array to a byte array.
byte ByteArray = GDImage.ConvertIntArrayToByteArray(int IntArray);
The ConvertTexToDDs method converts a .tex file to a .dds file and returns an array of bytes containing the whole image file.
byte DDsFile = GDImageLibrary._TEX.ConvertTexToDDS(string Textfile);
byte DDsFile = GDImageLibrary._TEX.ConvertTexToDDS(byte TexFileContent);
The LoadTexImage method loads a .tex file and returns a bitmap for easy displaying of .tex files.
Bitmap bm = GDImageLibrary._TEX.LoadTexImage(string Texfile);
Bitmap bm = GDImageLibrary._TEX.LoadTexImage(byte TexFileContent);
The GetTexFileWidth method returns an integer that declares the width of a .tex file.
int Width = GDImageLibrary._TEX.GetTexFileWidth(string Texfile);
int Width = GDImageLibrary._TEX.GetTexFileWidth(byte TexFileContent);
The GetTexFileHeight Method returns an integer that declares the height of a .tex file.
int Height = GDImageLibrary._TEX.GetTexFileHeight(string Texfile);
int Height = GDImageLibrary._TEX.GetTexFileHeight(byte TexFileContent);
The SaveAsDDS method saves a .tex file as a .dds file.
GDImageLibrary._TEX.SaveAsDDS(string texfile, bool overwrite);
GDImageLibrary._TEX.SaveAsDDS(string texfile, string DDsFileName, bool overwrite);
The LoadImage method loads a .dds file and returns an object of the type "bitmap" for easy displaying of .dds files.
Bitmap bm = GDImageLibrary._DDS.LoadImage(string DDsFile);
Bitmap bm = GDImageLibrary._DDS.LoadImage(byte DDsFileContent);
The GetFileWidth method returns an integer that declares the width of a .dds file.
int Width = GDImageLibrary._DDS.GetFileWidth(string DDsfile);
int Width = GDImageLibrary._DDS.GetFileWidth(byte DDsFileContent);
The GetFileHeight method returns an integer that declares the height of a .dds file.
int Width = GDImageLibrary._DDS.GetFileHeight(string DDsfile);
int Width = GDImageLibrary._DDS.GetFileHeight(byte DDsFileContent);
- Special thanks to Tamschi for providing his TQ.Texture library under the GPL and not getting tired of answering my questions
- Special thanks to Mamba for pointing me torwards the DDSReader Class (see below) and offering some sample code
- Special thanks to Kenji Sasaki for providing his DDSReader class under the MIT license.
Please let me know if there are any problems / wishes for future updates.
Since this is the first ever library that I release it might be that there are a few things I didn't think about and therefore didn't discover which could result in not intended problems.
Attachment: GDImageLibrary Source.zip