Question: Which Type Of Missile Is Nag?
How does an anti tank missile work?
A rocket boosts the Kornet out of its sealed tube and follows the laser beam to the target.
The missile contains high explosives specially arranged within the warhead.
Just before the missile impacts a tank's armor, the "shaped charge" explodes and produces a jet of heat that burns through the tank's metal skin..
Can a T 72 destroy an Abrams?
How accurate are Hellfire missiles?
If two missiles are needed for each kill then each Hellfire is at most only 50% reliable, which is not how this system has been described to Congress. … If that CEP was properly formulated, it means that in 50% of the cases the Hellfire will strike within five meters of its target.
What is Sant missile?
SANT Missile. India successfully test-fired SANT (Stand-off Anti-tank) missile off the coast of Odisha. The missile is being developed by Imarat (DRDO's research centre) in collaboration with the IAF. The missile is reported to be the upgraded version of India's Helina (Helicopter Launched Nag) missile.
What is the name of the short range missile that a soldier can launch over the shoulder?
Bazooka, shoulder-type rocket launcher adopted by the U.S. Army in World War II.
What is the range of Nag missile?
It has a minimum range of 500 metres and maximum range of 4 km. As a third-generation 'fire and forget' category system, NAG uses an imaging infra-red seeker to lock on to the target before launch.
Can RPG 7 destroy an Abrams?
How much does a TOW missile cost?
BGM-71 TOWUnit cost$93,640 (2B Aero), $54,956 (Bunker Buster) FY2021 £8,500 (1984)SpecificationsLength1.16–1.17 m – probe folded 1.41–1.51 m – probe extended (some variants have no probe)Diameter152 mm17 more rows
What killed the most tanks in World War 2?
What was the most lethal tank of World War II? Originally Answered: What is the most lethal tank of World war II? In terms of killing power it would be the German Tiger Tank or the later King Tiger. Both had some reliability issues and the King was underpowered but equipped with the deadly 88mm (3 1/2″) gun.
What is Dhruvastra?
Dhruvastra is the helicopter version of 'Nag Helina' with several new features and meant to be fired from air to destroy enemy bunkers, armoured vehicles and main battle tanks.
How many Nag missile India have?
300 Nag missilesThe army is currently using second-generation Milan 2T and Konkur ATGMs and has been looking for about third-generation missiles, which are important for stopping advancing enemy tanks. The Defence Ministry in 2018 had cleared the acquisition of 300 Nag missiles and 25 NAMICAs for the Indian Army.
Can a missile destroy a tank?
Can a javelin shoot down aircraft?
The Javelin was developed and is being produced by the Javelin Joint Venture between Lockheed Martin and Raytheon. These missiles are shoulder-fired intended to take down tanks, armored vehicles and low flying aircraft.
Which of the following Organisation has developed Anti Tank Guided Missile named Dhruvastra?
Defence Research and Development OrganisationDeveloped by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), the anti-tank guided missile meant to be launched from a helicopter was flight-tested from a static launcher positioned at Integrated Test Range (ITR) under simulated conditions on July 15 and 16.
Is Akash missile a failure?
Significantly, three squadrons of Akash Missiles of IAF (commissioned between 2013-2015) reported in February 2019 that that the missile system remained down or simply broken and sometimes even out of order during 90 per cent of the time since their commissioning. …
Who manufactures the Javelin missile?
Lockheed MartinWith its soft launch design, Javelin can be safely fired from inside buildings or bunkers. Javelin was developed and produced for the U.S. Army and Marine Corps by the Javelin Joint Venture between Lockheed Martin in Orlando, Florida and Raytheon in Tucson, Arizona.
How does a Javelin missile work?
A soft launch ejects the missile from the launch tube to give a low-recoil shoulder launch. The soft launch enables firing from inside buildings or covered positions. Once the missile is clear, the larger propellant in the second stage is ignited and the missile is propelled towards the target.
Which is the helicopter variant of Nag missile?
HeliNaHeliNa (7-10km): It is a helicopter-launched version of NAG with an extended range. The launch system is mounted on HAL "Rudra" helicopter using "Rudrastra" twin-launcher system and HAL Light Combat Helicopters. The launch system is used by both Indian Army and Air Force.
Can mortars destroy tanks?
Depends on the hit location and type of ammunition, but in general tanks are not meant to survive mortar hits. … Fragments from the explosion of a mortar round could also damage optics, antennas, radios and the main gun. Most likely a mortar crew wouldn't use a dumb HE round to engage a main battle tank.
Which of the following is anti tank missile?
Shikha Goyal. Anti-Tank Guided Missile: On 1 October 2020, Laser Guided Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) was successfully test-fired defeating a target located at a longer range. It is indigenously developed.
How good is Nag missile?
The Nag missile was successfully tested 12 times between 7 and 18 July 2019. It was tested under extreme weather conditions during day and night, in indirect attack mode as well as in top attack mode, and achieved a direct hit on each target.
Can a Hellfire missile destroy a tank?
Is an example of anti tank missile?
Examples are the Russian 9M133 Kornet, Israeli LAHAT and the NLOS version of Spike and the American Hellfire I missiles.
What is the name of the famous Anti Tank Guided Missile?
Javelin antitank guided missileAntitank guided missile, medium or long-range missile whose primary purpose is to destroy tanks and other armoured vehicles. U.S. soldiers firing an FGM-148 Javelin antitank guided missile during training in Grafenwöhr, Ger., 2006.
Can a bazooka destroy a tank?
What is the best anti tank missile?
Currently Top 10 man-portable anti-tank guided missiles in the the world are these:Nr.3 Spike LR2 (Israel) … Nr.4 Javelin (United States) … Nr.5 HJ-12 (China) … Nr.6 MAPATS (Israel) … Nr.7 Shershen (Belarus) … Nr.8 Kornet-M (Russia) … Nr.9 TOW 2 (United States) … Nr.10 MILAN ER (France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom)More items…


postgresql.conf file can contain include directives, which specify another file to read and process as if it were inserted into the configuration file at this point. This feature allows a configuration file to be divided into physically separate parts. Include directives simply look like:
include 'filename'
If the file name is not an absolute path, it is taken as relative to the directory containing the referencing configuration file. Inclusions can be nested.
There is also an include_if_exists directive, which acts the same as the include directive, except when the referenced file does not exist or cannot be read. A regular include will consider this an error condition, but include_if_exists merely logs a message and continues processing the referencing configuration file.
The postgresql.conf file can also contain include_dir directives, which specify an entire directory of configuration files to include. These look like
include_dir 'directory'
Non-absolute directory names are taken as relative to the directory containing the referencing configuration file. Within the specified directory, only non-directory files whose names end with the suffix .conf will be included. File names that start with the . character are also ignored, to prevent mistakes since such files are hidden on some platforms. Multiple files within an include directory are processed in file name order (according to C locale rules, i.e., numbers before letters, and uppercase letters before lowercase ones).
Include files or directories can be used to logically separate portions of the database configuration, rather than having a single large postgresql.conf file. Consider a company that has two database servers, each with a different amount of memory. There are likely elements of the configuration both will share, for things such as logging. But memory-related parameters on the server will vary between the two. And there might be server specific customizations, too. One way to manage this situation is to break the custom configuration changes for your site into three files. You could add this to the end of your postgresql.conf file to include them:
include 'shared.conf'
include 'memory.conf'
include 'server.conf'
All systems would have the same shared.conf. Each server with a particular amount of memory could share the same memory.conf; you might have one for all servers with 8GB of RAM, another for those having 16GB. And finally server.conf could have truly server-specific configuration information in it.
Another possibility is to create a configuration file directory and put this information into files there. For example, a conf.d directory could be referenced at the end of postgresql.conf:
include_dir 'conf.d'
Then you could name the files in the conf.d directory like this:
00shared.conf
01memory.conf
02server.conf
This naming convention establishes a clear order in which these files will be loaded. This is important because only the last setting encountered for a particular parameter while the server is reading configuration files will be used. In this example, something set in conf.d/02server.conf would override a value set in conf.d/01memory.conf.
You might instead use this approach to naming the files descriptively:
00shared.conf
01memory-8GB.conf
02server-foo.conf
This sort of arrangement gives a unique name for each configuration file variation. This can help eliminate ambiguity when several servers have their configurations all stored in one place, such as in a version control repository. (Storing database configuration files under version control is another good practice to consider.)
Submit correction
If you see anything in the documentation that is not correct, does not match your experience with the particular feature or requires further clarification, please use this form to report a documentation issue.


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Cobalt phosphide nanowire array as an effective electrocatalyst for non-enzymatic glucose sensing†
It is of significant importance for the design of electrodes to construct enhanced electrochemical sensing platforms, and a nanoarray offers an ideal architecture for the detection of molecules. In this communication, we demonstrate that cobalt phosphide nanowire array grown in situ on titanium mesh (CoP NA/TM) exhibits high catalytic activity towards electrooxidation of glucose. As a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor, this CoP NA/TM catalytic electrode possesses superior analytical performance with a short response time of less than 5 s, a wide linear range of 0.0005–1.5 mM, a low detection limit of 0.1 μM (S/N = 3), a high sensitivity of 5168.6 μA mM−1 cm−2, and a remarkable selectivity and long-term stability for glucose detection. We further demonstrate the successful use of such glucose biosensors in human blood serum and fruit juice.
- This article is part of the themed collection: JMC B Editor's choice web collection: ''seeing the unseen updated: advances in biosensing''

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


How To Start A Husqvarna Chainsaw
Before Start A Husqvarna Chainsaw, be sure to understand the operator's handbook for your particular saw since charges may differ among various models. Also, produce sure you perpetually observe ordinances in your city.
The chain brake should be initiated when you commence the chainsaw. It can begin many chainsaw models in what is perceived as a 'half-throttle position. In this situation, the chain can twist – if the cable brake is not initiated. There are two safe locations to begin your chainsaw: on the ground or with the chainsaw between legs
Ttarting husqvarna chainsaw
ps: Check our list of best 50cc chainsaw
On the ground
1.Confront your right foot in the back handle and hold a firm grip on your left hand's front arm. Save your left arm continuously.
2.Remove the author's name with your right hand. Iterate the engine fires continuously.
Begin the chainsaw within your legs
1.Install the rear arm within your left thigh and following your right knee.
2.Maintain the front grip firmly with your left palm. Make sure to have your left arm through.
Starting stihl chainsaw
1.Enter the cable drag.
2.If the saw (not hole saw) is provided with Air Purge/combustible pump, handle the bulb (prime) several times continuously. The fuel becomes visible and opens the carburetor.
3.Begin the choke and (on specific models) squeeze the decompression lever.
4.Pull the author handle continuously the engine fires. Push these choke (half-throttle) and draw again unto the saw starts.
5.Quicken (rev) so that the motor idles and then releases the train check.
We are beginning a hot engine.
The chainsaw begins without the choke if the generator is hot. Watch the instructions before, but ignore the details linking to the choke. If the motor is hard to start, apply a half-throttle. You enter the half-throttle use by first completely arousing the choke. Then move the government back.
Inertia function inspection
1.Please turn off the saw and keep it with the model bar over a projection or any other stable object. The distance between the projection and the design bar is subordinate to the chainsaw and model bar height.
2.Loosen the front arm and allow pressure to produce the chainsaw down, rotating around the rear handle towards the piece.
3.If the design bar hits the end, It should trigger the chainsaw brake.
Series damper inspection
1.Begin the saw. Take the chainsaw securely by the first and rear arms.
2.Quicken and then clear the feed.
3.push start chainsaw brake by turning your left wrist towards the keeper. Do not let go of the forward arm.
4.The cable should now stop quickly.
5.If the saw is provided with TrioBrake™, reform but now begin the rear brake protector by moving your best wrist upwards continuously, it touches and stimulates the brake. The chain should stop quickly.
Link(s) lube inspection
1.Begin the chainsaw. Take the saw above a stump or a block of wood and rev up the engine.
2.The cable lube is working if there is a line of oil moved on the projection or account.
1.Why will my Husqvarna chainsaw not start?
If the glow plug provides a spark and you still possess problems starting your chainsaw, it's time to reduce the gap. The glitter plug gap is an air gap within the ground terminal and the common electrode. If the gap is too short, the spark strives to light the fuel and air infiltration.
2.How do you start a Husqvarna 350 chainsaw?
Check the head grip firmly with your remaining hand. Pull the opener handle with your right palm. Repeat until the engine fires. Push the choke (half-throttle) and extract until the saw excites.
3.How do you start a chainsaw that won't start?
To resolve this dilemma:
 1. Remove the spark connection hole folding away from you to empty all the fuel in the container.
 2. Deactivate the choke by starting in button, then pull the author cord 6-8 times as you clasp in the accelerator control.
 3. Dry off the spark hydrant and refit it, pursuing in the station.
4.How do you warm up a Husqvarna chainsaw?
Fervent beginning, a chainsaw ( check our best chainsaw mills here) boils feathers to doing so when the engine is hot. While the plan is the same as freezing starting, bound everything to do with the choke. In the situation of a difficult start, we support warm lighting the engine on a half-throttle.
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Sawantwadi was the former capital of the Kingdom of Sawantwadi during the pre-independence era. In 1947, it merged into the Dominion of India. Border issues at that time with nearby areas of Belgaum and Karwar were prevalent. There were initial plans of making it a union territory as it was a Konkani speaking area, However it was merged with the old Ratnagiri district. (The district was later divided into two districts called Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg). Until the 18th century, the Kingdom of Sawantwadi included a major portion of today's North Goa district (Pedne, Bicholim, and Sattari), as well as modern Kudal and Vengurla from today's Sindhudurg district. Pedne, Bicholim, Sattari were later taken over by the Portuguese as a part of their New Conquest (between 1765 and 1788) and merged with their Old Conquest to form Goa
Moti Talao is a majestic lake right in front of the palace which was constructed in 1874. It is a pride of the village. Tourists can take a round of the lake in peddle boats or sit around it and gaze at the beautiful view. There is a lot of art in Sawantwadi. One can find local artifacts made by the people here in the form of Ganjifa Art, Lace work, wooden crafts. Another famous attraction here is the popular Konkani Cuisine - you can buy freshly made Kokum Juice, spice mixes and dried fish. This old market of Sawantwadi has been transformed into a modern local market where you can find the best of Konkani culture from handicrafts to clothes and food.
Sawantwadi (मराठी: सावंतवाडी) is a taluka (a unit of administration) in the Sindhudurg district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The taluka
headquarters is Sawantwadi which has a municipal council, which is a local civic body. Sawantwadi was formerly the capital of the Kingdom of Sawantwadi, ruled by the Sawant Bhonsle royal clan of the Marathas.
Until 1850, Sawantwadi was known as Sundurwadi. The name Sawantwadi came into usage because of the surname of the state's ruling family of Khem- Sawants. The palace was earlier located on Narendra hill. Khemsawant III

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Content Strategy + Information Architecture = Customer Success
Content strategy and information architecture are two different disciplines that work together to create customer success. Information architect Amber Swope and Content Strategist Chris Hibbard share some methodologies and processes, best practices, and insights on how content strategy and information architecture work together to help make client projects succeed.
Can You Afford to Do It Twice? Know When to Use Experts to Help With Your DITA Implementation.
Moving to a new source format, such as DITA, is a major project and one to not be undertaken lightly. When companies that are fiscally constrained approach a move to XML, their teams should understand when to utilize expert assistance.
Everyday IA: Episode 7
Everyday IA Episode 7 is all about the IA Checklist. Learn why and how to use the IA Checklist as a tool for capturing and easily referencing a high-level decision summary of your information architecture.
Introduction to DITA (Darwin Information Typing Architecture)
DITA is an Architecture. It's an XML framework that provides mechanisms for organizing content. I want to be very clear: DITA is not a tool, nor is it an application – it is an architecture, and that means that there are many different ways to use it and there are many different tools that support it.
Everyday IA: Episode 6
In the sixth episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope explains how you can use the Deliverable Structure Diagram, a component of the Information Architecture Blueprint™ Toolkit, to define the structure of each deliverable type, capture visual analysis, and convey the structure of information.
Everyday IA: Episode 5
In episode 5 of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope talks about why she created the Deliverable Analysis Worksheet as part of the Information Architecture Blueprint™ Toolkit. Amber explains how you can use it to define the purpose and requirements for each deliverable type.
Everyday IA: Episode 4
Everyday IA Episode 4 focuses on the content deliverable matrix: what it is and how you can use it. Amber explains how to use the content deliverable matrix to analyze where content appears in deliverables, either in multiple deliverables of the same type or in different deliverables that serve the same audience.
Everyday IA: Episode 3
In the third episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope shares how you can use the Information Architecture Blueprint Toolkit™ templates to perform a formatting audit of your content.
Everyday IA: Episode 2
In the second episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope explains how to get started with your content analysis using some of the analysis templates in the Information Architecture Blueprint Toolkit™.
Everyday IA: Episode 1
In the first episode of our Everyday IA podcast series, Amber Swope discusses the Information Architecture Blueprint Toolkit™ and explains why she created it, who can use it, and what makes it a valuable product.
Sharing content across the enterprise
As part of the Stilo DITA Knowledge Series, Amber Swope discusses using content collections to share content across the enterprise. Learn how to identify the requirements for the collection, determine the collection scope, and collaborate with other stakeholders to build and manage the collection.
Information Architecture Resources
There are many resources out there for learning about information architecture (IA) – here are Amber's recommendations.
Episode 2, Part 3: Becoming an Information Architect
In the final episode of our three-part series, Becoming an Information Architect, Amber Swope addresses the overarching question: how can you become an IA, and what does it take to get there?
Episode 2, Part 2: Becoming an Information Architect
In Part 2 of our three-part series, Becoming an Information Architect, Amber Swope discusses how to define the role of IA and what kinds of tasks the role of an IA demands.
Episode 2, Part 1: Becoming an Information Architect
In the first of our three-part series, Becoming an Information Architect, Amber Swope introduces the survey that DITA Strategies sent out on September of 2017: why we made it, what questions the survey asked, and what kinds of responses we gathered from 35 information architects.
Using Structured XML to Power your Learning Content
Dawn Stevens, President of Comtech Services, and Amber Swope, President of DITA Strategies, explain how DITA can provide the structured foundation for your learning initiatives.
Advanced Techniques for Customer-Centric Delivery of Product Information
Join Amber Swope, President, DITA Strategies and Chip Gettinger, VP Global Solutions Consulting, SDL to learn about advanced techniques for managing and sharing structured content.
Automate to Stay Up-to-Date: 5 Ways to Maintain Your Training Content
Amber addresses one of the major challenges to developing and delivering training content today: "How do I keep my training content up to date?"
Optimizing your DITA Content Model for Translation
Are you translating DITA content? If so, are you getting the expected results?
There are many resources out there for learning about the Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) – here are Amber's recommendations.
Episode 1: Meet DITA Strategies
DITA Strategies President and DITA Specialist, Amber Swope, introduces the company and explains how DITA and information architecture can help you.
Four Best Practices for Sharing Content Across Departments using DITA
Your company's teams may produce similar or identical content, but do they share that content?
DITA Maturity Model
Have you ever wondered what investment you need to make in DITA to get specific business value benefits?
DITA XML as Neutral Content Source for Educational Publishers
The information landscape has changed drastically in the past decade, and learners' expectations of how they interact with content have changed along with it.


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I've been asked a few times how to make a so-called volcano plot from gene expression results. A volcano plot typically plots some measure of effect on the x-axis (typically the fold change) and the statistical significance on the y-axis (typically the -log10 of the p-value). Genes that are highly dysregulated are farther to the left and right sides, while highly significant changes appear higher on the plot.
I've analyzed some data from GEO (GSE52202) using RNA-seq to study gene expression in motor neurons differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from ALS patients carrying the C9ORF72 repeat expansion. I aligned the data, counted with featureCounts, and analyzed with DESeq2. I uploaded the results to this GitHub Gist.
Here's how you can use R to create a simple volcano plot. First, download the results file here and save it as a text file called results.txt.
After reading in the data from GitHub the next section creates a basic volcano plot. A few more lines color the points based on their fold change and statistical significance. Finally, if you have the calibrate package installed, the last line labels a few genes of interest.


HPUX Managing CPU resource with PRM
Overview
Process Resource Manager (PRM) is a resource management tool used to control the amount of resources that processes use during peak system load (at 100% CPU resource or 100% memory resource). PRM can guarantee a minimum allocation of system resources available to a group of processes through the use of PRM groups.
A PRM group is a collection of users and applications that are joined together and assigned certain amounts of CPU and memory resource. The two types of PRM groups are FSS PRM groups and PSET PRM groups. An FSS PRM group is the traditional PRM group, whose CPU entitlement is specified in shares. This group uses the Fair Share Scheduler (FSS) in the HP-UX kernel within the system's default processor set (PSET). A PSET PRM group is a PRM group whose CPU entitlement is specified by assigning it a subset of the system's cores (PSET). (A core is the actual data-processing engine within a processor. A single processor might have multiple cores. A core might support multiple execution threads.) Processes in a PSET have equal access to CPU cycles on their assigned cores through the HP-UX standard scheduler.
Continue reading "HPUX Managing CPU resource with PRM"
hpux: How Do I configure routing or add route?
You can use route command to configure routing. Syntax is as follows:
route add net {network-address} netmask {subnet} {router-address}
Let us assume your router address is 192.168.1.254 and network ID is 192.168.1.0/24, then you can type route command as follows:
# route add net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.254
OR
To add a default route:
# route add default 192.168.1.254
Verify that (display) routing table is updated (display routing table):
# netstat -nr
Test it i.e. try to ping or send nslookup request:
# ping mycorp.com
To flush all routing entries use command [quite handy to clean your gordian knot ;)] :
# route -f
However if I reboot HPUX box then above routing entries gets removed. To pick up your setting upon each reboot your need to configure Routes in HPUX networking configuration file – /etc/rc.config.d/netconf. To add default router/gateway 192.168.1.254:
# vi /etc/rc.config.d/netconf
Add or modify following entries
ROUTE_DESTINATION[0]="default"
ROUTE_MASK[0]=""
ROUTE_GATEWAY[0]="192.168.1.254"
ROUTE_COUNT[0]="1"
ROUTE_ARGS[0]=""
managing hpvm
Start a VM
hpvmstart -P vmname
Stop a VM
hpvmstop -P vmname
List VM status
hpvmstatus
List individual VM status
hpvmstatus -P vmname
Assign a Host LV to a VM
hpvmmodify -P vmname -a disk:scsi:lv:/dev/vg_vm/rlv_vm01
Assign a Host scsi disk to a VM
hpvmmodify -P vmname -a disk:scsi:lv:/dev/rdsk/c0t0s0
Assign a Host tape drive to VM
hpvmmodiy -P vmname -a tape:scsi:attach:/dev/rscsi/c5t3d0
Remove allocated resource from VM
hpvmmodify -P vmname -d disk:scsi:lv:/dev/rdsk/c0t0s0
what is vglock?
A vg used as cluster lock is generally called vglock. cluster lock refer to a tie breaker short of thing which is generally used in a two node service guard cluster. In the event of failure of communication between two nodes whoever takes control of lock first will continue to run cluster and other node will be halted.
Hence the purpose of this is to ensure both nodes independently form two seperate clusters in the even of failure of communication among them.


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Shimadzu Scientific Instruments has launched the Nexis GC-2030, designed to improve user connectivity and ease of use, increase throughput, produce superior results, and ultimately yield a higher return on investment.
Engineered with the analyst in mind, the GC-2030 provides user information via a touch panel which clear icons for easy system monitoring. The Ethernet-based communication allows the user to remotely connect to the GC via PC or the operator's mobile device. This allows the operator to monitor run status or launch a new batch of analyses from a remote location.
- Accommodates up to three analytical lines for greater productivity, or for more analyses to be packaged into one GC.
- Choice of four inlets, six detectors, and specialised valve accessorie enables configurations tailored to fit the needs of laboratories in fields such as petrochemical, environmental, food, and pharmaceuticals.
- 'Eco Mode' optimises the use of carrier gas such as helium and reduces electricity use when idle.
- Day and time programming, a system self-check feature, and automatic notification of when to replace consumables.
- Optional, built-in sensor to monitor real time levels of hydrogen in the oven.
- LabSolutions workstation software that fully integrates LC and GC functionality.


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To describe the learning curve and provide an estimate of the accuracy of physicians' US examinations (US skills) and self-confidence when examining umbilical catheter tip placement" Kaae et al (2019).
BACKGROUND: The training required for accurate assessment of umbilical catheter placement by ultrasonography (US) is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the learning curve and provide an estimate of the accuracy of physicians' US examinations (US skills) and self-confidence when examining umbilical catheter tip placement.
METHODS: Twenty-one physicians with minimal experience in US completed a 1.5-hour eLearning module. Ten piglets with catheters inserted in the umbilical vessels were used as training objects. Following eLearning each physician performed up to twelve 10-min US examinations of the piglets. Expert examinations were reference standards. Sensitivity and specificity of physicians' skills in detecting catheter tip placement by US was used to describe the learning curve. Self-confidence was reported by Likert scale after each examination.
RESULTS: Physicians' detection of a correctly placed and misplaced umbilical artery catheter tip increased by an odds ratio of 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.3) and 3.6 (95% CI: 1.7, 7.8) per examination performed. A sensitivity of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.99) and specificity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.99) was reached after 6 examinations. For the venous catheter, US skills in detecting a misplaced catheter tip increased with an odds ratio of 2.4 (95% CI: 1.2, 4.8) per US examination. Overall, performance and self-confidence plateaus were reached after 6 examinations.
CONCLUSION: We found steep learning curves for targeted US examination of umbilical catheter placement. eLearning followed by 6 examinations was found to be adequate training to perform with a sufficiently high accuracy and self-confidence to allow for point-of-care use.
You may also be interested in…
Kaae, R., Kyng, K.J., Frederiksen, C.A., Sloth, E., Rosthøj, S., Kerrn-Jespersen, S., Eika, B., Sørensen, J.L. and Henriksen, T.B. (2019) Learning Curves for Training in Ultrasonography-Based Examination of Umbilical Catheter Placement: A Piglet Study. Neonatology. October 29th. doi: 10.1159/000503176..


Leisurely Islam: Negotiating Geography and Morality in Shi'ite South Beirut
How the rise of leisure is changing contemporary Lebanon
$26.95 / £22.00
Oct 27, 2013
6 x 9.25 in.
18 halftones. 5 maps.
Buy This
South Beirut has recently become a vibrant leisure destination with a plethora of cafés and restaurants that cater to the young, fashionable, and pious. What effects have these establishments had on the moral norms, spatial practices, and urban experiences of this Lebanese community? From the diverse voices of young Shi'i Muslims searching for places to hang out, to the Hezbollah officials who want this media-savvy generation to be more politically involved, to the religious leaders worried that Lebanese youth are losing their moral compasses, Leisurely Islam provides a sophisticated and original look at leisure in the Lebanese capital.
What makes a café morally appropriate? How do people negotiate morality in relation to different places? And under what circumstances might a pious Muslim go to a café that serves alcohol? Lara Deeb and Mona Harb highlight tensions and complexities exacerbated by the presence of multiple religious authorities, a fraught sectarian political context, class mobility, and a generation that takes religion for granted but wants to have fun. The authors elucidate the political, economic, religious, and social changes that have taken place since 2000, and examine leisure's influence on Lebanese sociopolitical and urban situations.
Asserting that morality and geography cannot be fully understood in isolation from one another, Leisurely Islam offers a colorful new understanding of the most powerful community in Lebanon today.
Awards and Recognition
 - Winner of the 2014 British-Kuwait Friendship Society Prize in Middle Eastern Studies
 - One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2014


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||Method for Hand Rearing of Saimiri Sciureus.
Hinkle, Donald K. ;
Session., Horace L. ;
||Environmental Protection Agency, Perrine, Fla. Perrine Primate Lab.
Laboratory animals ;
Veterinary medicine ;
Body weight ;
Food consumption ;
Saimiri sciureus ;
||Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown.
A method for hand rearing newborn and very young New World monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) was described. There has been an increased demand for this type of animal in toxicological investigations in which the experimental design requires separation of the mother from the neonate. The infants were housed in incubators for the first 8 weeks of life and then transferred to individual stainless steel cages. Their diet consisted of liquid formula made from a combination of several commercial human infant nutriments. This report includes mean values for increase in body weight and formula consumption, as well as some clinical observations during the first 12 weeks of life.


Quick Answer: What Is The Purpose Of A Tubigrip?
Is it OK to sleep with a compression bandage?
Please remove compression bandages at night while sleeping.
for best results.
As swelling reduces it may be necessary to adjust compression bandage..
What is a tubular bandage?
Tubigrip or tubular bandage is an elasticated stockinette compression support bandage commonly used for ankle sprains, arm injuries, knee support, sore muscles and bruising.
Should you sleep in a Tubigrip?
Only wear the tubigrip as instructed by your physiotherapist. Do not let anybody else use your tubigrip. Remove your tubigrip before you go to bed each night. Regularly clean your tubigrip as directed above.
How do you know what size Tubigrip to get?
Sizes are based on the width of the flat bandage. Stockinette can be washed. Contains latex….Calculate using the flat width to estimate the size needed:Measure circumference of the area needing compression.Divide measurement in half.Select the size closest to the measurement.
What is Tubigrip made of?
Tubigrip is made from cotton with covered elastic threads laid into the fabric to form free-moving spirals. The fabric is available in two colours, natural shade and flesh shade.
Are TED hose and compression stockings the same?
Whereas TED hose are prescribed for non-ambulatory patients, compression socks are best suited for patients who are able to move around. Generally, compression socks are for patients with circulatory problems such as venous insufficiency, lymphedema, and varicose veins.
What is the largest size Tubigrip?
Size F; 0.5m (Large knees, medium thighs – Limb size: 28-36cm) Size F; 1m (Large knees, medium thighs -Limb size: 28-36cm ) Size G; 0.5m (Large thighs – Limb size: 36-46cm) Size G; 1m (Large thighs -Limb size: 36-46cm )
Is Tubigrip good for sprained ankle?
'Tubigrip won't provide nearly enough support or compression to keep the swelling down. If you can put weight on the ankle, that's fine; but don't force it – the injured ligaments need time to heal. '
How long should a compression bandage be left on?
How long do I need to wear the bandage? The bandage needs to be worn until your ulcer has completely healed. It is recommended that the initial bandage will be changed after 48-72 hours. Thereafter the bandage will usually be left on for one week.
How do you keep bandages from rolling down?
To help stop bandages from rolling down, apply the comfort layer twice around the top of the leg. Coban 2 Layer Compression Systems will absorb and wick away skin moisture but are not designed as a primary wound dressing. The wound should be managed with dressings appropriate to the wound condition.
How do you measure for a Medigrip?
*For a full arm coverage, measure the largest part of the forearm. For a full leg or below the knee coverage, measure the widest point of the calf. And, for the hand, measure around metacarpophalangeal joint. Note: For correct tension, always use a double layer of Medigrip.
How do I keep my Tubigrip from rolling?
One of the great things about tubigrip is that it usually stays in place by itself. However, occasionally people find that tubigrip rolls down at the top slightly, especially on legs. My top tip is to get a coin and fold the top of the tubigrip over it and that should keep it in place.
How tight should Tubigrip be?
It is essential to get the right size and to apply tubigrip correctly to ensure it works effectively and safely. Too loose and it won't reduce swelling or provide support, too tight and it can be uncomfortable and could reduce circulation (blood flow). Tubigrip should feel tight but not restrictive.
How often should you elevate your legs?
The more the swelling and the longer there has been swelling, the longer and more frequently your need to elevate your legs. Start with 20 minutes twice a day. This might do the trick. If not, go to 30 minutes or even an hour.
How high should legs be elevated?
In addition, the natural flow of blood becomes much easier if your legs are elevated. Rather than making your veins put in extra effort to flow against gravity and up back to your heart, give them a break and elevate them at least 6 inches above your heart.
How do you wear ankle Tubigrip?
Compression – Wrap a tubigrip or elastic bandage from the toes to just below the knee, using even pressure. Wear this until swelling decreases. Loosen the wrap if your toes start to turn blue or feel cold. Elevate – Ideally make sure to elevate the ankle above heart level.
How long can you wear a tubular bandage?
Wear 24 hours per day. Wear during the day, every day, and remove before bedtime. Wear during the night, as tolerated.
Are compression socks for?
How long should you wear Tubigrip for?
You will be given an elastic bandage (tubigrip) and wound dressings to apply at home. After 48 hours you can remove the bandage, padding and white dressings. Try to leave the steristrips in place for 5-7 days. Can I have a bath or shower?
How much compression is in a Tubigrip?
Compression begins from the toes, through the calf to below the knees. Doubling the stocking will provide 10-15 mmHg of pressure. Finishing the bandage 2-3 cm below the knee will prevent a tourniquet effect from occurring.


text:
Main Article Content
The objective of this research was to design, fabricate and evaluate the performance of the small rice combine harvester. This machine was designed based on the local needs especially suitable for small farm' Presently, the Thai-made combine harvester without grain tank weights at least 5-6 tons. The total weight of the small combine was designed approximately 2.8 tons. The machine consists of harvesting unit, threshing unit, undercarriage unit and cleaning unit. A 72 hp, diesel engine was used as a power source of the machine. The cutting width of the machine was 1.8 meter. The diameter of the threshing cylinder was designed to be 360 mm with the length of 1,000 mm. The blower fan has five paddles. The peripheral speed of threshing cylinder was designed as 9.4 m/s. Performance parameters for the study were effective field capacity, field efficiency, harvesting losses, fuel consumption and the cost of harvesting.The test results indicated that the effective field capacity was 0.37 ha/h at the engine speed of 1,700 rpm.The corresponding field efficiency was 78%. The total grain losses was 5.4% of grain yield at the engine speed of 1,700 rpm. The average percent grain purity was 95%. The fuel consumption of the small combine harvester at the engine speed of 1,700 rpm was 15.5 liter/ha. The total cost of using the machine was calculated as Baht l,328/ha.
The manuscript, information, content, picture and so forth which were published on Journal of Engineering, RMUTT has been a copyright of this journal only. There is not allow anyone or any organize to duplicate all content or some document for unethical publication.
Kalsirisilp, R.2000. Modification and Performance Evaluation of Thai-made Rice
Combine Harvester. D.Eng. Dissertation No.AE-00-3
Chulalak Youprasobchok, Chaowalit Polwong,Eakachai Fangchaiyapoom, Somboon
Baisaengchan and Weerachai Panyawan, 2009.Modifications and Improvement of a Small Rice Combine Harvester. Senior Project,Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi. [in Thai]


or even possible. In this case, the serialize method may be split into two as below:
std::ostream& serialize( std::ostream&, unsigned int );
std::istream& serialize( std::istream&, unsigned int );
Though it probably goes without saying, the method taking a std::ostream& as its parameter is the one called for saving, and the method taking a std::istream& parameter is the one used for loading. Also note the lack of the template parameter. Each may perform the operations necessary to save or restore the object. These methods should use the ^ operator as used in the generic method example rather than the normal >> and << operators.
To demonstrate the other features, let's examine a class that builds on the class A above.
struct made_of_prims {
 int i;
 float f;
 double d;
// 1. An unnamed yet persisted class
class persistent_void_test : public calvin::persistent {
 std::string msg;
friend struct calvin::allow_persistence;
 persistent_void_test( void ) : msg( "I'm a calvin::persistent" ) {}
 template
 Stream& serialize( Stream& s, unsigned int version )
 return s ^ msg;
// 2. Subclass of a persisted class
class B : public A {
 B( void ) : A(), b1(0), b2(1), stupid(NULL) {}
 B( const std::string& name ) : A(name), b1(0), b2(1), stupid(NULL) {}
 B( const std::string& name, const char* stupid ) :
 A(name), b1(0), b2(1), stupid(stupid)
 virtual ~B( void ) {}
 void add( made_of_prims& p)
 vec_of_prims.push_back( p );
 int b1;
 unsigned int b2;
 std::vector vec_of_prims;
 persistent_void_test sm;
 const char* stupid;
 template
 // 3. call base class serialize method directly
 return A::serialize( s, version ) ^
 b1 ^
 b2 ^
 // 4. STL containers supported directly
 vec_of_prims ^
 sm ^
 // 5. PtrArray used to persist arrays
 PtrArray( stupid, (stupid == NULL)?
 0 : (unsigned int) strlen(stupid)+1 /*null terminator*/);
// 6. Friendship still needs to be granted even in subclasses
friend calvin::allow_persistence;
The above example highlights some additional features and requirements of the library when making your class persistent.
 1. The type calvin::persistent is a special type that allows a class, not to have a name, but still have a serialize method be called. Since the object does not have a name, it is stored inside its containing object, and therefore may not be the base class for a shared object.
 2. Calvin works with all the objects in your hierarchy, no matter how deeply subclassed.
 3. To use it though, call any base class serialize methods directly and before serializing your own members.
 4. Some of the STL containers are automatically handled. As of this writing, Calvin knows about vectors, lists, and deques. Other container types should be trivial to add and will be as necessity dictates.
 5. Use the helper PtrArray to handle arrays. This is to give Calvin a size to use since it can't be known from the array itself. STL containers such as vector are preferred by Calvin.
 6. Even in subclasses, friendship must be explicitly granted since friendship is not transferred to subclasses.
 7. An additional note, not illustrated above, is that boost::shared_ptr is supported. boost::shared_array is not yet supported.
Calvin and Types
The examples above demonstrate how most types of data are supported, but here is a more thorough reference to how Calvin handles members of different data types in a serialize method.
 - A value type, such as a plain old data (meaning a built in data type) or structure of value types is stored in the record of the named object (see calvin::persistent below for structures that are not collections of value types).
 - A pointer is dereferenced and the value stored in the record as is. Upon loading, if the pointer is NULL, it is allocated with new and then restored, otherwise it is assumed to point to a location of enough size to take the value.
 - A pointer to a pointer (to a pointer, etc.) is dereferenced ad nauseum until the value type is procured. Calvin must assume that space has already been allocated. This can be done in the serialize method before reading the pointer if necessary.
 - An array of known size (declared as T[#]) is stored in the record of the object, its count stored with it. On a load, if the number in the stream is greater than the declared size, an error is signaled.
 - boost::shared_ptr to non Calvin objects are treated as pointers.
 - string is handled as a value type rather than just as an array of characters.
 - Standard C++ containers are handled element by element. How and where each element is handled is determined by its type. For now only vectors, lists, and deques are supported, though using the code in calvin.h as a template (no pun intended), any standard container should be simple to persist.
 - calvin::persistent value objects with a key equal to a default value (using the special template construct T()) have their serialize method invoked with the same stream as their containing object so that they are persisted in the same record.
 - A structure or class that contains a pointer or container cannot be considered a value type and therefore cannot be persisted without inheriting from calvin::persistent. It is not always desirable for a persistent class to contain the overhead of a key though. The calvin::persistent class was created for this purpose. A structure that inherits from calvin::persistent has a serialize method that is called to handle its members, but doesn't have the overhead of a key. They are persisted to and from the store of the containing object.
 - Named objects must be stored using boost::shared_ptr. This is so that Calvin can return pointers to already loaded objects and track them to know when an object's lifetime is expired.
Congratulations on having made it this far. Enabling classes for persistence is the most complicated part of using the Calvin library. Just persist a little more.
"What's in a name?"
Instances to be persisted need to be named. Naming your instances is as straightforward as the snippet at the beginning of the article shows. Simply invoke the object's constructor that takes a name when the object is created, or use the set_name function later to give it a name. That's it.
What are legal names for instances? As mentioned above, it can be any value type that can be converted to a string via the << operator. Also, the name must be compatible with the archive selected. See the documentation for an archive type for what is considered legal.
Names must be unique for each instance. They distinguish instances within the store and the program. As persistent objects are created or loaded, their names are added to a registry. When a second attempt to load an object by its name is attempted, the original instance is returned instead of a new instance. Calvin reports an error when an object is created with a name already used (see Error Handling in Calvin below).
To make unique names to instances possible, Calvin works with boost::shared_ptr exclusively. This way, named objects have an automatic tracking mechanism so that when they are deleted, Calvin can know to load one at the next request. Why doesn't Calvin just keep a permanent reference? Memory issues mostly, but I think that a library shouldn't do things such as that behind the curtains when the facility of another excellent library can already do it with minimal fuss.
"Where do you want this?"
Where do these objects go when they are persisted? They go into archives. Archives are collections of named objects. Archives can conceivably be the front end for any type of store such as files or a database. For now, the only implemented archive is the file_archive. file_archive has a template parameter that must match the key type of the objects to be written and read using it. A convenient filesys_archive is declared as a file_archive.
As its name implies, the filesys_archive simply stores objects in files named the names given to them in the program. For this reason, when using a filesys_archive, names must consist of only valid filename characters, which depends on your particular operating system. A good rule of thumb is to stick with alphanumeric, '.', and '_', if using.
To use a filesys_archive (or file_archive), include fs_archive.h in the appropriate.cpp file and declare your archive with a single string parameter representing the root directory, as so.
filesys_archive ar( "../data" );
Initiating a save requires a boost::shared_ptr to a named object.
boost::shared_ptr p( "p" ); // "p" is the name of p
//... do something here with p... p );
In the above you should see a file named "p" in the directory "data".
To use the object later, an archive loads an object given a name and returns a boost::shared_ptr to the object.
boost::shared_ptr p;
p = ar.load( "p" );
Error


Training Health Workers in Therapy Leads to Improvements and Less Medication Use
A Nigerian study finds that more than three-quarters of patients improved, even when only 13% were prescribed medication.
Peter Simons
A study that compared two types of mental health interventions for depression in Nigeria found high rates of improvement, including a group that used fewer medication treatments. More than three-quarters of the patients in both groups experienced full remission of depression.
The research was led by Oye Gureje at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. It was published in The Lancet Global Health. An accompanying commentary was written by Bolanle Adeyemi Ola and Olayinka Atilola at Lagos State University, Nigeria.
"These findings provide further evidence that task-shifted interventions for depression delivered by lay health workers are effective, irrespective of the adopted model," according to Ola and Atilola.
The study compared two types of training for first-line medical providers in Nigeria. The providers are considered lay health workers. In Nigeria, there are very few doctors, so first-line medical providers typically have 2-3 years of postsecondary education.
In the study, both groups of providers received training in depression treatment, including "psychoeducation and counseling to address stressors and activate social networks, and pharmacotherapy when necessary." However, one group (the "intervention" group) also received specific training in how to administer behavioral activation and problem-solving therapy—two forms of psychotherapy that follow a manualized structure and are considered to be "evidence-based" for the treatment of depression.
The researchers found that the providers who received the specific training in psychotherapy were less likely to prescribe medications—only 13% of their depressed patients received medication, compared to 32% of the patients in the other group.
Despite being prescribed less than half as many antidepressants, patients in the intervention group did just as well. The follow-up tests were done 12 months after the study, and the researchers found that 76% of those in the intervention group, and 77% of those in the control group, had experienced "remission" of depression. This means that they scored ≤ 6 on the PHQ-9, a huge improvement from the original average score of 13.7.
According to the commentary authors, critics of global mental health services have raised concerns about exporting a neocolonial model based on Western cultural mores around mental health, which might result in overdiagnosis and overuse of medication, rather than culturally sensitive approaches that value other approaches to mental health.
The authors believe that this study demonstrated that training providers in evidence-based psychotherapy approaches may reduce the reliance on unneeded medications.
"Incorporation of and availability of skills in an evidence-based, culturally appropriate, and intensive psychological treatment could potentially reduce the need for and prescription of antidepressants in primary-care settings without compromising effectiveness."
Commentary: Ola, B. A., & Atilola, O. (2019). Task-shifted interventions for depression delivered by lay primary health-care workers in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet Global Health, 7(7), PE829-E830. (Link)
Article: Gureje, O., Oladeji, B. D., Montgomery, A. A., Bello, T., Kola, L., Ojagbemi, A.,... Araya, R. (2019). Effect of a stepped-care intervention delivered by lay health workers on major depressive disorder among primary care patients in Nigeria (STEPCARE): a cluster-randomized controlled trial. The Lancet Global Health, 7(7), e951–60. S2214-109X(19)30148-2 (Link)
 1. "Incorporation of and availability of skills in an evidence-based, culturally appropriate could potentially reduce the need for and prescription of antidepressants in primary-care settings without compromising effectiveness."
 Actually, the psychological industries have NO "culturally appropriate, and intensive psychological treatments" that "reduce the need for and prescription of antidepressants in primary-care settings," in any country. And that is the opposite of their goal, since all the psychologists are DSM psychiatric "bible" code billing believers.
 Which is why a woman can not walk into a well respected Western hospital today, for a totally different concern, and not be confronted by a lunatic "Dr. Paine," with a prescription pad in hand, and be asked, "Are you depressed?"
 Most the Western doctors, including most the psychologists and psychiatrists, who only care about getting as many people as possible onto the ADHD drugs and antidepressants, because those drug classes create the "bipolar" symptoms, which is very profitable for them.
 And the antipsychotics, which are given to those millions of "bipolar" misdiagnosed, which are the "schizophrenia" drugs. Will, indeed, create both the negative and positive symptoms of "schizophrenia." The negative symptoms of "schizophrenia" are created via neuroleptic induced deficit syndrome. And the positive symptoms of "schizophrenia," like "psychosis" and "hallucinations," are created via antidepressant and/or antipsychotic induced anticholinergic toxidrome.
 The doctors don't want to stop all this massive drugging of the Western children, because "it's too profitable," according to a Lutheran pediatrician.
 But the reality is, none of the Western doctors, nor any of the psychologists nor psychiatrists, are out to help anyone, other than themselves, in any country. Almost all the Western doctors, particularly the "mental health" workers, want to create "mental illnesses," in people for profit, worldwide. Which is sick.


text:
Priority Information Used for the Processing of Japanese Sentences: Thematic Roles, Case Particles or Grammatical Functions?
Japanese sentence processing
The present study investigated scrambling effects on the processing of Japanese sentences and priority information used among thematic roles, case particles and grammatical functions. Reaction times for correct sentence decisions were significantly prolonged for scrambled active sentences with transitive verbs in the first experiment and with ditransitive verbs in the second experiment. Errors were made with scrambled sentences more than canonical sentences in both experiments, which suggested that scrambling effects were apparent in active sentences. Passive sentences in the third experiment indicated that canonical order defined based on case particles, not thematic roles, was more quickly and accurately identified than scrambled order. Potential sentences in the fourth experiment and causative sentences in the fifth experiment indicated that the processing of scrambled sentences based on grammatical functions, but not on case particles, required longer reaction times and resulted in higher error rates than canonical sentences. Consequently, scrambling effects in the present study indicated that neither thematic roles nor case particles can provide fully-satisfactory information for canonical phrase order, and that only grammatical functions offer satisfactory information in all types of sentences.
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
Copyright (c) 2005 Springer "The original publication is available at _URL_"


3D Font
2016, digital print, typography exploration
3D Font Desires is a text-based, ongoing series that uses language as its subject matter. By marrying graphic design with typography, the artist creates a series of "simple words" that explore the underpinnings of daily life and its taboos. Constructed out of modular geometric shapes, words like puta, beso, amor and sexo, weigh heavily on the picture plane, and in our minds, to emphasize the unspoken. Bold and bright, each word becomes an object that portrays cravings that people are too ashamed or scared to express.
mexican | C O N N E C T | _USER_
 - Instagram
 - LinkedIn


node package manager
unique-id-mixin
Generate a unique identifier for React components, useful when assinging htmlFor and id for label + input combinations
Unique Id Mixin by @andrewray
This ReactJS mixin adds component methods letting you generate unique IDs for your current component. This is useful when you need to assign for="" attributes for labels and their respective inputs.
Install
npm install unique-id-mixin --save-dev
Example Usage
var UniqeIdMixin = require('unique-id-mixin');
var Component = React.createClass({
 mixins: [ UniqeIdMixin ],
 render: function() {
 Label
 <input id={ this.getNextUid( 'unique-string' ) } type="text" />
 }
});
The above can be a bit verbose to type, and has the problem that you need to duplicate the string between each HTML element. There is also a convenience method that will generate UIDs every other call. The first two calls will return the same UID, then the next two calls will return a new UID, etc.

Label
<input id={ this.getNextHtmlFor() } type="text" />

Label
<input id={ this.getNextHtmlFor() } type="text" />
API
this.getNextUid( identifier:String )
Returns a UID generated using the identifier. If identifier has already been passed, the cached UID will be returned.
this.getNextHtmlFor()
Returns a UID which changes every other call.


text:
Background and objective Laparoscopic and open surgery have been compared with conflicting results regarding their systemic responses. The sensitivity of biochemical markers that are used to discriminate between the stress responses to different types of surgery varies from study to study. We wanted to evaluate the stress response and the sensitivity of clinical and biochemical stress markers in patients undergoing laparoscopically assisted vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy.
Methods We performed a case-control study with patients undergoing laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (n=20) or abdominal hysterectomy (n=20). Pain scores were assessed at rest and during coughing, and active leg elevation and fatigue scores using a visual analogue scale. In 10 patients of each group, haematocrit, white cell count, C-reactive protein, glucose, cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, β-endorphin immunoreactivity, interleukin-6 and urine excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured preoperatively and during the first 44 postoperative hours.
Results The most sensitive symptoms and markers of the systemic response were pain scores during mobilization, fatigue scores, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 (P < 0.01 in all comparisons). Pain scores at rest, and all other laboratory markers of the systemic response, did not discriminate between the two types of surgery.
Conclusion Follow-up of postoperative pain scores during mobilization and fatigue levels might be an easy tool for the evaluation of postoperative recovery. Using an identical anaesthetic technique, the neuroendocrine response was of the same magnitude after both types of surgery.


Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects
Difference Between a Sleeper Sofa and a Futon
Sleeper sofas and futons are double purpose furniture that have become ubiquitous in modern homes that have limited space or who frequently have guests that stay overnight. Sleeper sofas and futons are also common in hotel rooms to increase sleeping capacity. They are a great way to save on space and are easy to transport. They are also a great way to save on money as one does not have to spend separate money for a couch and a bed. And since they are basically similar in function, sleeper sofas and futons today have very little difference in appearance, especially with modern innovation.
Although modern day sleeper sofas and futons are practically the same in their dual function, the two still differ from each other. Aside from their origins, the two differ mainly in materials used and their construction. Their dimensions are also usually different. More about these dual purpose furniture and their differences are discussed further in the succeeding sections.
What is a Sleeper Sofa?
A sleeper sofa, also called a sofa bed – although the terms are sometimes subtly differentiated, is furniture that is designed primarily as a couch but can be converted into a bed by some mechanism such as hinges or springs. Although there have been many innovations on beds to make them portable or to save space, the first furniture that truly doubles as both a couch and a bed was invented in the 1930's and is credited to Bernard Castro, an Italian immigrant to the United States.
The cushions of sleeper sofas are typically made of foam, while the frame is mostly metal. Foam is a soft but stiff material, so the cushions are made of separate pieces. Some of the cushions are attached directly to the metal frame while the other pieces are detachable, to be placed side by side once the frame has been converted to a bed. While some sleeper sofa frames have a hinged mechanism that allows the backrest to be lowered, most frames have a pullout mechanism under the seat. This overall design makes the sleeping mattress only half as thick as when it is in couch mode and does not give optimum comfort for sleeping.
What is a Futon?
A futon is either the traditional Japanese style of bedding, or the futon sofa bed adapted by western culture – the two being very different. The traditional futon, used by the Japanese since ancient times, is only for sleeping and at its simplest is actually a set composed of mattress, duvet and pillow but without a bedframe. When not in use, traditional futons are first aired out in the open, and then stored in closets. Meanwhile, the western futon is basically a variant of the sleeper sofa invented by William Brouwer in the 1980's.
The futon mattress, whether the traditional or the western futon, is typically made of cotton and is all of one piece that can easily be folded or rolled. The frame is usually made of wood, with a backrest that can be lowered, and a footrest or a hidden deck under the seat that can be raised. The mattress is usually thinner than the cushions of a sleeper sofa in couch mode but thicker when converted into a bed, making the futon more comfortable for sleeping.
Difference between a Sleeper Sofa and a Futon
A sleeper sofa is any type of sofa that can be converted into a bed. A futon is either the traditional Japanese style of bedding composed of mattress, duvet and pillow, with no bedframe, or the adapted western futon which is basically a variant of the sofa bed.
Main function
A sleeper is mainly sitting furniture, with the bed as its second function. The futon is primarily a type of bedding with the mattress serving secondarily as a seat cushion for a sofa.
The first truly dual function sleeper sofa was invented by Bernard Castro in the 1930's while the futon was adapted into western use by William Brouwer in the 1980's.
Mattress or cushions
A sleeper sofa cushion is typically made of foam; it is soft but stiff. It cannot be folded nor rolled; instead, it can be made into separate pieces. Futons are usually made of cotton, made of one piece and as such, they can be easy to fold or roll.
Frame designs
Sleeper sofas frame are usually made of metal and are of a pullout design, with the extension hidden under the seat. Western futon frames are typically wood made in a hinged design, with a backrest that can be lowered and a footrest or a hidden deck under the seat that can be raised.
Seating comfort
Sleeper sofas are usually more comfortable than futons as seats, with thicker seat cushions than futons.
Sleeping comfort
Sleeper sofas are less comfortable as beds since the mattress is thinner than that of futons when spread out.
Sleeper Sofas vs Futons
 - Sleeper sofas and futons are double purpose furniture that are very useful as both seats and beds in homes with limited space or as extra sleeping areas for guests staying overnight.
 - They are also cost saving furniture due to their dual function.
 - Sleeper sofas come in many designs but their main quality is that they are made as couches first before beds.
 - Futons are the traditional Japanese style of bedding composed of mattress, duvet and pillow, without a bedframe. It was a adapted into the western culture as a sleeper sofa, with the mattress serving as seat cushion.
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[2]Donahue, Alan. "Types of sofa bed mechanisms." Hunker. March 16, 2018. _URL_ (accessed October 30, 2019).
[3]Krino, Gary. "New-look futons are versatile and stylish." Orlando Sentinel. March 20, 1999. _URL_ (accessed October 30, 2019).
[4]Ramos, Maria. "What's a Japanese Futon?" Good Night's Rest. June 24, 2019. _URL_ (accessed October 30, 2019).
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text: The impact of drought on tree water use was investigated in remnant forest in the Liverpool Plains NSW. Tree water use was measured using commercial sap flow testers from December 2002 to September 2004 which corresponded with a period of drought and a period of higher rainfall. Understorey evapotranspiration and soil moisture were also measured. Water use of the stand of trees was a larger proportion of annual total rainfall (87%) during the drought period than during the post-drought period (50% water use) when rainfall was higher. Understorey water use was about 20% of rainfall, suggesting that the understorey evapotranspiration component of the water balance can make a significant contribution to water use and the availability of water for groundwater recharge. The results indicate that the remnant forest was able to survive during the drought because of deep roots. The findings also demonstrate the valuable role forests play in maintaining the hydrological balance and in ameliorating the development of dryland salinity in agricultural areas (A).

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Comprehension Test
Before testing commitment, test comprehension.
Illustration of Comprehension Test
Evidence strength
Relevant metrics: Conversion
Validates: Desirability
How: Write out your value proposition in 1-3 sentences. Show it to participants for just enough time to read it, then take it away. Finally, ask participants to explain the value proposition back to you in their own words. If the explanation is roughly comparable to your own, count it as a positive result. If 20 people participate, you want 80% to understand your message.
Why: Evaluate whether customers understand a marketing message explaining the value proposition to eliminate a possible false negative bias in later tests where customers indicate they do not want the value proposition when they actually do not understand it. As an example, you will want to run a comprehension test before a spoof landing page test or you won't understand why it doesn't work.
This card is part of the Validation Patterns printed card deck
A collection of 60 product experiments that will validate your idea in a matter of days, not months. They are regularly used by product builders at companies like Google, Facebook, Dropbox, and Amazon.
Get your deck!
Before the experiment
The first thing to do when planning any kind of test or experiment, is to figure out what you want to test. To make critical assumptions explicit, fill out an experiment sheet as you prepare your test. We created a sample sheet for you to get started. Download the Experiment Sheet.
How to proceed
Before you run a smoke test (that tests commitment), you should run a comprehension test.
You can run the comprehension test manually, showing a piece of paper to the participant for them to read it – and then taking it away to explain what they just read back to you in their own words.
If the participant's explanation roughly compares to your own, you can count it as a positive result. Otherwise, it's negative. Aim for a sample size of at least 20 participants and a positive success rate of around 80%. Eighty percent intuitively seems very high - but it must be as regardless of what your value proposition is, your target customers should still understand it.
As a digital alternative to the manual Comprehension Test, the Five Second Test is commonly used.
Who to recruit
Depending on your target market, who you bring to a comprehension test is important.
If your target market has a high school level education, you just need someone with the same basic level of education and vocabulary. At this point, you are not testing to see if someone wants your value proposition, but if they can understand it.
If your value proposition uses industry jargon, you will want to be more critical of who you recruit as test participants. You want to make your value proposition understandable to those who aren't already converted, so if the customers you want to sell to do not understand your industry specific words, you need to change your value proposition.
Once your target audience understands your value proposition (conversion of at least 80%), you can move on to more sophisticated and (maybe more) expensive tests to probe real customer behavior.
After the experiment
To make sure you move forward, it is a good idea to systematically record your the insights you learned and what actions or decisions follow. We created a sample Learning Sheet, that will help you capture insights in the process of turning your product ideas successful. Download the Learning Sheet.
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Idea Validation playbooks


text:
10/8 Grand River Dam Authority Floodwater Release Bulletin
At 10 AM on Tuesday, October 8:
- Grand Lake elevation was 745.45 feet. Daily target elevation for October 8 is 742 feet.
- At the direction of the United States Army Corps of Engineers, two (2) main spillway gates were open at Pensacola Dam, discharging 12,478 cubic feet per second (cfs) of water.
- Six (6) units were online at the Pensacola Dam powerhouse, releasing 12,225 cfs of water through generation.
- Releases through floodgates and generation totaled 24,703 cfs.
- Inflows into Grand Lake totaled 9,707 cfs.
- Lake Hudson elevation was 623.45 feet. Normal elevation is 619 feet.
- Four (4) units were online at the Robert S. Kerr Dam powerhouse.
- Releases through generation totaled 32,130 cfs.
- Inflows into Lake Hudson totaled 28,354 cfs.


text:
Reading Grid References
X and Y Axis
Teacher Activity: Learning how to create your own grid.
- Measure your X and Y axis with a ruler.
- Divide the length of your X axis evenly, e.g. if the length is 10 cm you will repeat a grid line every 1 cm.
- With your ruler mark every increment on the top of your paper.
- Do the same with the other side of your grid.
- Repeat steps 2,3 and 4 with the Y axis.
- Join the lines up neatly. This needs to be done with a ruler!
- Add your grid reference numbers for both axes.
Identify the co-ordinates
Identifying co-ordinates of maps.
Using a key
Creating a key
- Look at the map of the forrest below.
- Find the grid references for items listed on the right of the map.
- On the map there are a number of symbols. Create a key that identifies the symbols.
A Compass Rose
Directions with a compass rose.
Activity: In you maths books follow the instructions.


text:
3rd floor CTK Building 2, #70 Nicanor Roxas St. Brgy. Lourdes
- Run general errands, such as but not limited to, bills payment, bank transactions, pick up and/or deliver packages or documents.
- Perform collection activities in coordination with Finance.
- Ensure proper documentation of activities by providing official receipts and other documents required for liquidation.
- Keep accurate logs and complete paperwork for tasks or activities.
- Ensure proper office housekeeping.
- Perform general office or clerical work such as filing of documents, operating office equipment, etc.
- Assist and support the Office Manager.
- Other duties and responsibilities that may be assigned by the immediate supervisor.
- Has a strict commitment to deliver documents without viewing or revealing any of the information unless necessary or told to do so.
- Ensures security maximum efficiency in the conduct of tasks and activities.
- Observes the policies and processes in place in the conduct of duty.
- Transacts on behalf of Evident in a professional manner.
08:00 AM to 06:00 PM
You need to login
to apply for this job


text:
Geo can be used in combination with Object Storage (AWS S3, or other compatible object storage).
Currently, secondary sites can use either:
- The same storage bucket as the primary site.
- A replicated storage bucket.
- Local storage, if the primary uses local storage.
The storage method (local or object storage) for files is recorded in the database, and the database is replicated from the primary Geo site to the secondary Geo site.
When accessing an uploaded object, we get its storage method (local or object storage) from the database, so the secondary Geo site must match the storage method of the primary Geo site.
Therefore, if the primary Geo site uses object storage, the secondary Geo site must use it too.
- GitLab manage replication, follow Enabling GitLab replication.
- Third-party services manage replication, follow Third-party replication services.
Introduced in GitLab 12.4.
Secondary sites can replicate files stored on the primary site regardless of whether they are stored on the local file system or in object storage.
To enable GitLab replication:
- On the top bar, select Menu > Admin.
- On the left sidebar, select Geo > Nodes.
- Select Edit on the secondary site.
- In the Synchronization Settings section, find the Allow this secondary node to replicate content on Object Storage checkbox to enable it.
For LFS, follow the documentation to set up LFS object storage.
For CI job artifacts, there is similar documentation to configure jobs artifact object storage
For user uploads, there is similar documentation to configure upload object storage
If you want to migrate the primary site's files to object storage, you can configure the secondary in a few ways:
- Use the exact same object storage.
- Use a separate object store but leverage your object storage solution's built-in replication.
- Use a separate object store and enable the Allow this secondary node to replicate content on Object Storage setting.
GitLab does not currently support the case where both:
- The primary site uses local storage.
- A secondary site uses object storage.
When using Amazon S3, you can use Cross-Region Replication (CRR) to have automatic replication between the bucket used by the primary site and the bucket used by secondary sites.
For manual synchronization, or scheduled by


text:
How's Your Soil?
Ever wondered how much it costs to restore and maintain your soil in Defiance, OH? Are you trying to determine the most cost-effective approach for your gardening or landscaping project?
In this blog post, we will dive into the world of soil costs and help you understand the various factors that influence them.
By the time you finish reading this post, you'll be equipped with the knowledge to make an informed decision on how to approach your soil needs.
Topsoil Costs In Defiance, OH
Topsoil Cost By Area Size
The cost of topsoil in Defiance, OH, is determined by the area size in cubic yards. Bulk topsoil delivery costs between $10 and $50 per cubic yard. This depends on soil amount, material quality, moisture content, and any delivery fees.
- A 10- to 15-yard dump truck load of topsoil costs $150 to $500 for delivery.
- If you need a smaller amount, a ½-yard scoop of topsoil runs $10 to $30 for self-pickup.
- For smaller projects, bagged topsoil costs $2 to $6 per bag or $35 to $120 per cubic yard.
*Note that these estimates are rough and may not include additional costs such as delivery fees or labor costs for professional installation.
A factor that affects the cost of topsoil is the type of soil needed. For example, screened topsoil is more expensive than unscreened topsoil.
Screened topsoil is ideal for planting and growing, while unscreened topsoil is perfect for filling holes or leveling uneven surfaces.
The Cost For Dirt
|Material Type||Cost Range||Notes|
|Septic Fill Dirt||$8 – $16 per cubic yard||Screened or unscreened fill dirt for septic installations and repairs|
|Engineered & Structural Fill Dirt||$20 – $50 per cubic yard||Used for construction projects such as building foundations and roadways|
|Black Dirt (Topsoil)||$10 – $50 per cubic yard||Rich organic soil used for gardening or landscaping projects|
|Clay Dirt||$15 – $40 per cubic yard||Dense, heavy soil used for construction projects like building foundations, roadways|
|Mulch||$15 – $65 per cubic yard||Popular for landscaping and gardening projects|
|Sand||$15 – $40 per cubic yard||Used for filling damp areas or creating a level base|
|Rocks, Stones, Gravel, and Riprap||Sold by cubic foot or ton||Prices vary based on type of rock, location, and supplier|
Note: Prices may vary based on location, quantity needed, and additional costs such as delivery fees or labor costs for professional installation.
Topsoil Cost By Area Size
Fill dirt is a versatile material that can be used for a variety of purposes, including leveling holes, raising the ground level, filling in a pool, improving drainage, construction, or septic backfill.
The cost of filling dirt varies depending on the type, volume ordered, and distance away.
Septic Fill Dirt Cost
Septic fill dirt is used for septic system installations and repairs. It is typically a clean fill or unscreened fill dirt, which is the most popular type.
Screened-fill dirt may cost around $8 to $16 per cubic yard. However, the cost may vary depending on the location and amount of fill needed.
Engineered And Structural Fill Dirt Cost
Engineered and structural fill dirt is used for construction projects, such as building foundations and roadways. This type of fill dirt is typically more expensive than regular fill dirt.
The cost may range from $20 to $50 per cubic yard or more, depending on the location and amount of fill needed.
Notes On Ordering Fill Dirt
When ordering fill dirt, it is important to consider the type of fill needed, the volume required, and the location of the project. Some suppliers may offer discounts for larger orders or for customers who are located closer to their facility.
It is also important to ensure that the fill dirt is of good quality and free from contaminants, such as rocks, debris, and other materials that may affect the integrity of the project.
Black Dirt Cost
Black dirt, also known as topsoil, is a rich, organic soil that is typically used for gardening or landscaping projects.
The cost of black dirt may range from $10 to $50 per cubic yard, depending on the location and amount of fill needed.
Clay Dirt Cost
Clay dirt is a dense, heavy soil that is typically used for construction projects, such as building foundations and roadways.
The cost of clay dirt may range from $15 to $40 per cubic yard, depending on the location and amount of fill needed.
Mulch is a popular material used for landscaping and gardening projects. It helps retain moisture in the soil, suppresses weed growth, and adds nutrients to the soil as it decomposes. However, the cost of mulch can vary depending on the type of mulch, the quantity needed, and the location of the buyer.
The average cost of mulch is $15 to $65 per cubic yard. Economy mulch costs $15 to $30 per yard, while colored or hardwood mulch runs $30 to $40 per yard. The cost of mulch can also depend on the location of the buyer and the availability of the material in the area.
Sand is a popular material for landscaping and construction projects. It is commonly used for filling in damp areas or creating a level base for pavers and other outdoor features. The cost of sand varies depending on the quantity and location of the purchase.
On average, the cost of sand is between $15 and $40 per cubic yard when delivered.
The price may vary depending on the distance from the supplier, the quality of the sand, and the amount purchased. For example, a truckload of sand may cost between $300 and $700, which typically includes the cost of delivery.
It is important to note that the cost of sand may increase if it needs to be screened or washed prior to delivery.
Screened sand is typically free of debris and small stones, making it ideal for certain projects. However, the additional processing may add to the overall cost.
When purchasing sand, it is important to consider the intended use and the quality of the product. Cheaper sand may contain impurities that can affect the performance of the material. It is recommended to purchase sand from a reputable supplier to ensure quality and reliability.
Rocks, Stones, Gravel, And Riprap
When it comes to landscaping or construction, rocks, stones, gravel, and riprap are often used to add visual appeal, create drainage systems, and prevent erosion.
These materials are typically sold by cubic foot or ton, depending on the supplier, location, and type of rock.
One cubic foot of rock or stone typically weighs between 100-200 pounds, depending on the type of rock. For example, one cubic foot of granite weighs around 170 pounds, while one cubic foot of limestone weighs around 150 pounds.
When purchasing rocks or stones for a project, it's important to consider the total volume needed. For larger projects, it may be more cost-effective to purchase rocks or stones by ton. One ton of rock or stone typically covers around 100 square feet at a 2-inch depth. The cost of rocks or stones can vary greatly depending on the type of rock, location, and supplier.
Riprap, which is used to protect shorelines from erosion, can also be purchased by the cubic yard or ton. The cost of riprap varies depending on location and the type of material selected. A cost of $25 to $75 per cubic yard of ungrouted riprap can be used as a basic quote, while grouted riprap ranges from $45 to $60 per square yard.
In addition to rocks and stones, gravel is another material that is commonly used in landscaping and construction. Gravel is typically sold by the ton, with one ton covering around 80-100 square feet at a 2-inch depth. The cost of gravel can vary depending on the type of gravel, location, and supplier.
Factors Affecting Soil Costs
Different soil types have varying densities, particle sizes, and water retention capabilities, which can impact the amount of soil needed and the cost per cubic yard. For instance, sandy soil is less dense and requires more soil to fill a given area compared to clay soil.
Moreover, the water retention capacity of soil can affect how much water is needed for the project, which can also impact the cost.
Professional Vs. DIY Installation
Hiring a professional can significantly increase the cost of the project due to labor costs, permits, and licenses.
However, a professional installation can ensure that the soil is properly installed, compacted, and tested for percolation, which can save money in the long run by preventing future drainage problems.
On the other hand, a DIY installation can save money on labor costs, but the quality of the installation may be compromised, leading to future problems that can increase the cost of the project.
Some suppliers may offer free delivery for bulk orders, while others may charge a fee based on the distance and quantity of soil needed.
Additionally, the cost of soil can vary depending on the location of the supplier, as transportation costs can be a significant factor in the overall cost of the project.
How To Lower The Cost Of Soil
Local suppliers tend to have a better understanding of the soil types and conditions in your area, which can be beneficial when selecting the right type of soil for your specific needs.
Additionally, sourcing soil locally can help to reduce transportation costs, as the distance the soil needs to be transported will likely be shorter.
Recycling Organic Materials
Instead of purchasing new soil,


text:
|From the Boone and Crockett Club: |
MISSOULA, Mont. (August 9, 2021) – The Boone and Crockett Club and Pope and Young Club have just released a definitive 250-page scoring manual that will serve as the guide to the processes and procedures to correctly assign a Boone and Crockett or Pope and Young score to any Fair Chase® big game trophy.
The manual, How to Score North American Big Game, is an effort to simplify and streamline the big game scoring process. Members of both Clubs' records committees spent years collaborating and refining the manual.
"Because Boone and Crockett and Pope and Young both have missions to maintain records of big game animals for use by wildlife managers and hunters alike, it just made sense that we work together to produce one, definitive scoring manual," said Justin Spring, director of Big Game Records of the Boone and Crockett Club.
Measuring the antlers, horns and heads of big game animals and publishing those measurements began more than a century ago by members of the Boone and Crockett Club. These records originally were developed as a means of recording data on species thought to be going extinct from habitat loss and unregulated harvest. Today, Boone and Crockett Club records remain a way to gauge the success of conservation and wildlife management programs. In addition to its prestigious history and tradition, Boone and Crockett scoring is strongly associated with the highest tenets of fair chase and hunting ethics. While the Boone and Crockett Club accepts entries taken with any legal weapon, the Pope and Young Club was founded in 1961 to maintain the records of animals taken with only bow and arrow. "Since the Pope and Young Club began documenting archery taken animals over 60 years ago, we have always utilized the Boone and Crockett scoring system," noted Roy Grace, records chairman of the Pope and Young Club. "While there are subtle differences between our two Clubs regarding minimum entry requirements, velvet entries, and others, our measuring procedures are nearly identical. This joint manual is long overdue and was a 'work in progress' for several years. Joint measurers will no longer have to refer to two separate manuals when measuring for either club. I'm fairly certain that the founder of the Pope and Young Club, Glenn St. Charles, would be proud to see what our two organizations have finally accomplished!" The new scoring manuals are available at _URL_ for $45. In addition, scoring instructions and worksheets for specific categories are available as downloadable PDFs for $10 each.
About the Boone and Crockett Club Founded by Theodore Roosevelt in 1887, the Boone and Crockett Club promotes guardianship and visionary management of big game and associated wildlife in North America. The Club maintains the highest standards of fair chase sportsmanship and habitat stewardship. Member accomplishments include enlarging and protecting Yellowstone and establishing Glacier and Denali national parks, founding the U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service and National Wildlife Refuge System, fostering the Pittman-Robertson and Lacey Acts, creating the Federal Duck Stamp program, and developing the cornerstones of modern game laws. The Boone and Crockett Club is headquartered in Missoula, Montana. For details, visit _URL_.


text:
Family names that have graves marked by tombstones in Hamilton Cemetery are Brittain, Hamilton, Hancock, Helton, Long, and Withers. The oldest tombstone belongs to Elizabeth Hancock, wife of G. Hancock, who died 3 May 1860. The newest stones are those of Charles Edgar Long and James E. Long, both sons of William Columbus and Mary N. Long. The twin brothers both passed away October 9th, 1905, at the age of 9 years. They are buried near their mother, Mary, who preceded them in death in 1897 when they were less than a year old. J.H.O. Hamilton, a Veteran of both the Civil War and the Mexican War was buried here in 1879.
Township 37-Range 11-Section 27


Citrix ADC 12.1 NITRO API Reference
cmpparameter
Configuration for CMP parameter resource.
Properties
(click to see Operations)
Name Data Type Permissions Description
cmplevel Read-write Specify a compression level. Available settings function as follows:
* Optimal - Corresponds to a gzip GZIP level of 5-7.
* Best speed - Corresponds to a gzip level of 1.
* Best compression - Corresponds to a gzip level of 9.
Default value: optimal
Possible values = optimal, bestspeed, bestcompression
quantumsize Read-write Minimum quantum of data to be filled before compression begins.
Default value: 57344
Minimum value = 8
Maximum value = 63488
servercmp Read-write Allow the server to send compressed data to the Citrix ADC. With the default setting, the Citrix ADC appliance handles all compression.
Default value: ON
Possible values = ON, OFF
heurexpiry Read-write Heuristic basefile expiry.
Default value: OFF
Possible values = ON, OFF
heurexpirythres Read-write Threshold compression ratio for heuristic basefile expiry, multiplied by 100. For example, to set the threshold ratio to 1.25, specify 125.
Default value: 100
Minimum value = 1
Maximum value = 1000
heurexpiryhistwt Read-write For heuristic basefile expiry, weightage to be given to historical delta compression ratio, specified as percentage. For example, to give 25% weightage to historical ratio (and therefore 75% weightage to the ratio for current delta compression transaction), specify 25.
Default value: 50
Minimum value = 1
Maximum value = 100
minressize Read-write Smallest response size, in bytes, to be compressed.
cmpbypasspct Read-write Citrix ADC CPU threshold after which compression is not performed. Range: 0 - 100.
Default value: 100
Minimum value = 0
Maximum value = 100
cmponpush Read-write Citrix ADC does not wait for the quantum to be filled before starting to compress data. Upon receipt of a packet with a PUSH flag, the appliance immediately begins compression of the accumulated packets.
Default value: DISABLED
Possible values = ENABLED, DISABLED
policytype Read-write Type of policy. Available settings function as follows:
* Classic - Classic policies evaluate basic characteristics of traffic and other data. Deprecated.
* Advanced - Advanced policies (which have been renamed as default syntax policies) can perform the same type of evaluations as classic policies. They also enable you to analyze more data (for example, the body of an HTTP request) and to configure more operations in the policy rule (for example, transforming data in the body of a request into an HTTP header).
Possible values = CLASSIC, ADVANCED
addvaryheader Read-write Control insertion of the Vary header in HTTP responses compressed by Citrix ADC. Intermediate caches store different versions of the response for different values of the headers present in the Vary response header.
Default value: DISABLED
Possible values = ENABLED, DISABLED
varyheadervalue Read-write The value of the HTTP Vary header for compressed responses. If this argument is not specified, a default value of "Accept-Encoding" will be used.
Minimum length = 1
externalcache Read-write Enable insertion of Cache-Control: private response directive to indicate response message is intended for a single user and must not be cached by a shared or proxy cache.
Default value: NO
Possible values = YES, NO
Operations
(click to see Properties)
UPDATE UNSET GET (ALL)
Some options that you can use for each operations:
 - Getting warnings in response:NITRO allows you to get warnings in an operation by specifying the "warning" query parameter as "yes". For example, to get warnings while connecting to the Citrix ADC appliance, the URL is as follows:
 http://<Citrix-ADC-IP-address(NSIP)>/nitro/v1/config/login?warning=yes
 If any, the warnings are displayed in the response payload with the HTTP code "209 X-NITRO-WARNING".
 - Authenticated access for individual NITRO operations:NITRO allows you to logon to the Citrix ADC appliance to perform individual operations. You can use this option instead of creating a NITRO session (using the login object) and then using that session to perform all operations,
 To do this, you must specify the username and password in the request header of the NITRO request as follows:
 X-NITRO-USER:<username>
 X-NITRO-PASS:<password>
 Note:In such cases, make sure that the request header DOES not include the following:
 Cookie:NITRO_AUTH_TOKEN=<tokenvalue>
*Note:*
Mandatory parameters are marked in redand placeholder content is marked in <green>.
update
URL:http://<Citrix-ADC-IP-address(NSIP)>/nitro/v1/config/cmpparameter
HTTP Method:PUT
Request Headers:
Cookie:NITRO_AUTH_TOKEN=<tokenvalue> Content-Type:application/json
Request Payload:
{"cmpparameter":{
"cmplevel":<String_value>,
"quantumsize":<Double_value>,
"servercmp":<String_value>,
"heurexpiry":<String_value>,
"heurexpirythres":<Double_value>,
"heurexpiryhistwt":<Double_value>,
"minressize":<Double_value>,
"cmpbypasspct":<Double_value>,
"cmponpush":<String_value>,
"policytype":<String_value>,
"addvaryheader":<String_value>,
"varyheadervalue":<String_value>,
"externalcache":<String_value>
}}
<!--NeedCopy-->
Response:
HTTP Status Code on Success: 200 OK HTTP Status Code on Failure: 4xx <string> (for general HTTP errors) or 5xx <string> (for Citrix ADC specific errors). The response payload provides details of the error
unset
URL:http://<Citrix-ADC-IP-address(NSIP)>/nitro/v1/config/cmpparameter?action=unset
HTTP Method:POST
Request Headers:
Cookie:NITRO_AUTH_TOKEN=<tokenvalue> Content-Type:application/json
Request Payload:
{"cmpparameter":{
"policytype":true,
"cmplevel":true,
"quantumsize":true,
"servercmp":true,
"heurexpiry":true,
"heurexpirythres":true,
"heurexpiryhistwt":true,
"minressize":true,
"cmpbypasspct":true,
"cmponpush":true,
"addvaryheader":true,
"varyheadervalue":true,
"externalcache":true
}}
<!--NeedCopy-->
Response:
HTTP Status Code on Success: 200 OK HTTP Status Code on Failure: 4xx <string> (for general HTTP errors) or 5xx <string> (for Citrix ADC specific errors). The response payload provides details of the error
get (all)
URL:http://<Citrix-ADC-IP-address(NSIP)>/nitro/v1/config/cmpparameter
HTTP Method:GET
Request Headers:
Cookie:NITRO_AUTH_TOKEN=<tokenvalue> Accept:application/json
Response:
HTTP Status Code on Success: 200 OK HTTP Status Code on Failure: 4xx <string> (for general HTTP errors) or 5xx <string> (for Citrix ADC specific errors). The response payload provides details of the errorResponse Headers:
Content-Type:application/json
Response Payload:
{ "cmpparameter": [ {
"cmplevel":<String_value>,
"quantumsize":<Double_value>,
"servercmp":<String_value>,
"heurexpiry":<String_value>,
"heurexpirythres":<Double_value>,
"heurexpiryhistwt":<Double_value>,
"minressize":<Double_value>,
"cmpbypasspct":<Double_value>,
"cmponpush":<String_value>,
"policytype":<String_value>,
"addvaryheader":<String_value>,
"varyheadervalue":<String_value>,
"externalcache":<String_value>
}]}
<!--NeedCopy-->
cmpparameter