text:
For many people with natural hair, finding the right tools and products to maintain healthy and defined curls can be a daunting task. One tool that has gained popularity in recent years is the hair sponge. This small, round tool is designed to help define curls and coils while providing a natural and effortless look. In this blog post, we'll explore the benefits of using a hair sponge for natural hair, from its versatility to its ease of use.
What is a Hair Sponge?
A hair sponge is a small, circular tool made of foam or rubber with a textured surface. The surface of the sponge is designed to mimic the look of natural hair coils and curls, providing an easy way to define and enhance curls. The sponge is used by rubbing it in a circular motion on damp hair to create defined and textured curls.
One of the key benefits of using a hair sponge is its versatility. It can be used on a variety of hair types, from tightly coiled to looser curls. The sponge can also be used to create different looks, from a more natural, subtle curl to a more defined and structured curl pattern. This versatility makes it an excellent tool for anyone looking to experiment with different styles or maintain a consistent look.
Ease of Use
Another benefit of using a hair sponge is its ease of use. Unlike other styling tools that require a lot of time and effort, the hair sponge can be used quickly and easily. All you need is damp hair, a hair sponge, and a few minutes to create defined and textured curls. The process is also gentle on hair, making it a great option for those who are concerned about damaging their hair.
The textured surface of the hair sponge is designed to enhance the natural texture of hair. By rubbing the sponge in a circular motion on damp hair, you can create defined curls and coils that look natural and effortless. This texture enhancement is especially beneficial for those with tightly coiled or kinky hair, as it can help to define and enhance the natural curl pattern.
Another benefit of using a hair sponge is its low maintenance. Unlike other styling tools that require a lot of maintenance and upkeep, the hair sponge is easy to clean and can be used multiple times without needing to be replaced. It is also a cost-effective option, as it is typically less expensive than other styling tools and can be used for an extended period.
No Heat Required
Using a hair sponge does not require any heat, making it a great option for those who want to avoid heat damage. Heat damage can cause hair to become brittle and break, leading to split ends and other issues. By using a hair sponge, you can achieve a defined and textured curl pattern without the use of heat, helping to keep your hair healthy and strong.
Great for Styling Short Hair
Hair sponges are also great for styling short hair. Short hair can be difficult to style and maintain, but the hair sponge provides an easy and efficient way to create a defined and textured look. Whether you're going for a subtle or bold style, the hair sponge can help you achieve the look you want.
Perfect for Wash and Go Styles
Wash and go styles are a popular option for those with natural hair, and the hair sponge is a great tool for achieving this look. By using the sponge on damp hair, you can create defined curls and coils that will last all day. The hair sponge is also a great option for refreshing wash and go styles between washes.
The hair sponge is a versatile and easy-to-use tool that provides a variety of benefits for those with natural hair. From its texture enhancement to its low maintenance, the hair sponge is an excellent option for anyone looking to define and enhance their natural curl pattern. Whether you have tightly coiled hair or looser curls, the hair sponge can help you achieve the look you want with minimal effort and without the need for heat.
While there are many benefits to using a hair sponge, it's important to remember that it is just one tool in a larger hair care routine. It's important to use the right products and techniques to keep your hair healthy and strong, and to consult with a professional if you have any concerns or questions about your hair care routine.
Overall, the hair sponge is a great addition to any natural hair care routine. Its versatility, ease of use, and ability to enhance natural texture make it an excellent tool for anyone looking to maintain healthy and defined curls. So if you're looking for a simple and effective way to enhance your natural curls, consider giving a hair sponge a try!


text:
This article will help you to differentiate between coal and petroleum.
Difference # Coal:
1. Coal is a power resource, fossil fuel and fund resource.
2. Coal used directly in industries and indirectly for production of thermal power.
3. Different by-products of coal are used in various industries.
4. As a power resource, use of coal is decreasing.
5. Per unit heat and electricity generation from coal is less.
6. As coal hard and bulky, transport cost is high.
7. Cost of coal is less.
8. Extraction cost of coal is higher.
9. Probability of accident, during extraction of coal is more.
10. Coal emits smoke, ash and gas; pollutes environment.
11. For domestic lighting and room heating, coal is less used now.
12. Use of coal in railway and ship engines are decreasing.
13. Around coal mines host of industries developed. Industrial regions develop.
14. Nowadays, coal is less important in international trade.
15. Coal seldom influences world politics.
Difference # Petroleum:
1. Petroleum is a power resource, fossil fuel and fund resource.
2. Petroleum is also used directly for industries and indirectly for electricity generation.
3. Various by-products of crude oil are used in industries as raw materials.
4. Use of crude oil is increasing.
5. Per unit heat and electricity generation is much higher than coal.
6. Petroleum is less bulky and liquid—thus transportation is easier.
7. Cost of Petroleum is high.
8. Extraction cost of Petroleum is less.
9. Except fire hazard, less dangerous.
10. Petroleum emits less smoke and impurities.
11. For home lighting, use of kerosene is more.
12. Use of petroleum and diesel in rail, road and aviation is increasing.
13. Around petroleum fields mostly petro-chem industries develop.
14. Petroleum is highly important in international trade.
15. Petroleum is a strategic fuel and highly sensitive issue in international politics.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Marine inclinometer is a precise instrument manufactured by tranditional technology. Its movement is made of material and other components are treated by anti-corrosion. It should be vertically fitted on measured object and avoid to vibrate violently. It is used to measure instantaneous inclination of the hull and then record, which is an indispensable instrument of shipping. It is suitable for ship navigation, marine and fisheries departments.
1. Graduation: 1°
2. Range: 50°respectively
3. Indication error: ±1°
4. Net weight: 1.5kg
5. Dial size: Φ150mm
6. Overall dimension: Φ208*62mm
7. Working temperature: -10℃~50℃
8. High sensitivity and accuracy.
Speed Horse Marine (China) Co.,LTD
Tel: +86 511 85961395


text:
Godavari River Monsoon Navigation Tramways
The Godavari River Monsoon Navigation Tramways was a proposal sanctioned in 1861 by the Madras Presidency Marine Department to enable the Godavari River (see spelling note) to be used as an all season route for transportation of cotton to the sea .
The plan was for three tramways of unknown gauge to be used between July and November each year to avoid the shoals in the river. The three sections were Bhadrachalam to Dummagudem, 19 miles(30km); Devadula to Pamimela, 20 miles(32km) and Maogaveelli to Salgaon,34 miles(54km) .
The building of the three sections of tramway was started in 1862 but only the first was finished. The construction and administration was taken over by Central Provinces Government in 1863 who abandoned the second and trhird tramways. The shoals at these sections had been cleared or canals built around them. The trammay materials were lifted and used in two quaries that were opened to supply stone for the river improvements and canal works .
- 'Godaveri River' is the spelling used in the Imperial Gazetteer of India that we take as the definitive spelling.
- 'Godavery River' was the spelling used in thereports at the time of construction
- "Industrial Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia" compliled by Simon Darvill. Published by 'The Industrial Railway Society' 2013. ISBN 978 1 901556 82-7. Available at _URL_ Reference: Entry AP23 pages 66-67


text:
There is a post on Jezebel talking about how "age is never just a number." Wait for it….
17! 42. 83. 1/2. 2 months. 2 month old baby. -4. -4 month old baby. Invisible number (like a Ghost, like Casper). 969 LIKE METHUSELAH. 5,000 like a lady vampire in an Anne Rice novel. Those were numbers. Those are all just numbers. They are ages with numbers attached.
However. Sometimes age is not a number. Not never, but sometimes.
Here are some times when age is not a number.
The Age of Innocence
The Age of Reason
The Age of Corrupt Irrationality (_PHONE_, approximately. Or whenever Bret Easton Ellis was writing).
The Bronze Age
The Iron Age
The Golden Age
The iPhone Age
The Dark Ages
The Age Of Light
The Space Age
The Age of Anxiety
Age of Aquarius
Age of Empires
Age of Empires 3
Age of Empires 2 sucked.
Age of War
Age of not war?
Age of Exploration (also known at the age of discovery)
The Age Where Witches Made You Do Stuff (all fairy tales, many Shakespearean plays)
The incredibly specific age of your lover, who is older than you, and this is a thing you are grappling with in a vague sort of way.
So there you go. None of them numbers.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: Hévíz town in Zala county, Keszthely district. Its main attraction is the natural pond-filled hot water lake in Europe, which makes it one of Hungary's top tourist destinations. The history of the bathing site dates back to pre-historic times. The healing effect of Lake Hévíz was probably already known by the Romans, as evidenced by the coins collected by the divers in the early 1980s and the altar found around the lake. The findings of the migration migration also suggest that the Germanic and Slavic people who turned to it used the lake as well. Hévíz is mentioned for the first time in a diploma from 1328 when the settlement is referred to as locus vulgarites Hewyz dictus. The first study about the lake was published in 1769 by Ferenc Szláby. The Festetics played an important role in the creation / development of the spa, and the source and its surroundings were in the middle of the 18th century. The flowering of the bathing life is mainly due to Count Festetics, who purposefully built the bathing area. Today's settlement was formed by the unification of the villages of Hévízszentandrás and Egregy in 1946. On May 1, 1992, he received an urban title.


Jake B Jake B - 1 year ago 83
Java Question
How do I simulate multiple inputs from a JUnit test case into my program?
I have written a program which looks like this:
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class Triangles {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner user_input = new Scanner(System.in);
ArrayList<String> triangleLengths = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i=0; i < 3; i++) {
System.out.print("Triangle length #" + i + ": ");
triangleLengths.add(i,user_input.next());
}
if (triangleLengths.get(0) == triangleLengths.get(1) && triangleLengths.get(1) == triangleLengths.get(2)) {
System.out.println("This triangle is an equilateral triangle");
} else if (triangleLengths.get(0) == triangleLengths.get(1) || triangleLengths.get(0) == triangleLengths.get(2) || triangleLengths.get(1) == triangleLengths.get(2)) {
System.out.println("This triangle is an isosceles triangle");
} else if (triangleLengths.get(0) != triangleLengths.get(1) && triangleLengths.get(1) != triangleLengths.get(2)) {
System.out.println("This triangle is a scalene triangle");
} else {
System.out.println("The input does not make a triangle!");
}
}
}
I have been tasked with writing a JUnit test case to essentially try and 'break' my program through testing with various inputs. I can't for the life of me figure out how to do this as a total Java newbie - could anyone point me in the right direction?
Answer Source
So I made a suggestion on how to solve it.
you want to make it so that you can test with different parameters automatically without needing to enter it manually so i isolated the triangles part as seen below.
EDIT: I redid the code somewhat
The normal run class src/main.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 Scanner user_input = new Scanner(System.in);
 List<String> triangleLengths = new ArrayList<>();
 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 System.out.print("Triangle length #" + i + ": ");
 triangleLengths.add(i, user_input.next());
 }
 // Result output will be here
 Triangle subject = new Triangle(triangleLengths);
 if (subject.getTriangleType() == Triangle.Type.INVALID) {
 System.out.println("Triangle is invalid");
 } else {
 System.out.println("Triangle is: " + subject.getTriangleType());
 }
 }
}
The JUnit class test/TrianglesTest.java
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class TrianglesTest {
 /**
 * Testing with String inputs (what you'd enter manually)
 */
 @Test
 public void testWithStrings() {
 List<String> triangleLengths = Arrays.asList("len1", "len2", "len3");
 Triangle subject = new Triangle(triangleLengths);
 // Example of checking if expected type
 assertEquals(Triangle.Type.ISOSCELES, subject.getTriangleType());
 }
 /**
 * Testing with numbers as what I'd expect the triangle to be made of
 *
 * Here you test with a triangle object
 *
 * Haven't tested what the 3 types is sorry :O
 */
 @Test
 public void testWithNumbersAsObject() {
 Triangle subject = new Triangle(4, 5.32, 7);
 assertEquals(Triangle.Type.SCALENE, subject);
 }
 /**
 * This piece you check the static method but have no object
 */
 @Test
 public void testWithNumbersStaticMethod() {
 assertEquals(Triangle.Type.ISOSCELES, Triangle.getTriangleType(3.4d, 4d, 1.111d));
 }
}
And lastly the actual code you wanted to test src/Triangles.java
import java.util.List;
/**
 * I created so you can both have an object of the triangle or make the check purely static
 * maybe you need an object type for later?
 */
public class Triangle {
 final double side0;
 final double side1;
 final double side2;
 public Triangle(List<String> triangleLengths) {
 this(Double.parseDouble(triangleLengths.get(0)),
 Double.parseDouble(triangleLengths.get(1)),
 Double.parseDouble(triangleLengths.get(2)));
 }
 public Triangle(double side0, double side1, double side2) {
 this.side0 = side0;
 this.side1 = side1;
 this.side2 = side2;
 }
 public Triangle.Type getTriangleType() {
 return Triangle.getTriangleType(side0, side1, side2);
 }
 public static Triangle.Type getTriangleType(double side0, double side1, double side2) {
 if (isEquilateral(side0, side1, side2)) {
 return Type.EQUILATERAL;
 } else if (isIsosceles(side0, side1, side2)) {
 return Type.ISOSCELES;
 } else if (isScalene(side0, side1, side2)) {
 return Type.SCALENE;
 } else {
 return Type.INVALID;
 }
 }
 private static boolean isScalene(double side0, double side1, double side2) {
 return side0 != side1 && side1 != side2;
 }
 private static boolean isIsosceles(double side0, double side1, double side2) {
 return side0 == side1 || side0 == side2 || side1 == side2;
 }
 private static boolean isEquilateral(double side0, double side1, double side2) {
 return side0 == side1 && side1 == side2;
 }
 public enum Type {
 EQUILATERAL,
 ISOSCELES,
 SCALENE,
 INVALID
 }
}
Hope this helps.
Note that I return the answer from the Triangles class instead of writing it out immidiately. And only in the manual run I write it out from the main method.
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text:
Student Craft Institute is a three-day studio session for approximately 70 Maine high school students from as many schools throughout the state, who work with professional artists. 2018 marked the 35th annual Student Craft Institute. From Southern Maine to some of the most remote parts of the state and coastal communities, over 2,000 students have taken part in the Student Craft Institute since its inception. Teachers at participating schools are invited to identify one student each, who displays outstanding potential in the arts, to participate in this annual spring program on the Haystack campus.
Held each May, the program provides youngsters from different backgrounds to discover that they have common interests and can support one another in work undertaken together. Students from local high schools work closely with their instructors in Haystack's studios.
Haystack's 2018 Studio Based Learning, an annual, a three-day studio program for area high school students, will be held in September. For twenty-three years the program has provided students with the opportunity to participate in workshops in craft media taught by professional artists. Students and chaperones live on campus throughout the program and, in addition to studio time, faculty artists present work and share their ideas, inspiration, and creative processes, each evening.
Students from Deer Isle-Stonington High School, George Stevens Academy and the Harbor School in Blue Hill, Bucksport High School, Ellsworth High School, Sumner High School, Vinalhaven High School, and Mount Desert Island High School, are slated to attend this year.
Studio Based Learning is traditionally supported by Parker Poe Charitable Trust and Haystack's jackandharriet Fund.
Mentor Program is a follow-up program of Studio Based Learning, which links local high school students with area artists who incorporate the studio experience into local arts curricula throughout the school year. Mentorships provide an intensive educational environment – the mentor concept is frequently cited as a great way to engage adolescents – one that not only can increase students aspirations, but provide an integrated and challenging educational experience. This year Haystack celebrated the 20th anniversary of the Mentor Program in which students work with area artist mentors in an individualized and intensive setting.
Students from Deer Isle-Stonington High School, George Stevens Academy, the Harbor School in Blue Hill, Bucksport High School, Ellsworth High School, and Mount Desert Island High School participated in workshops with professional artists over several weekends.
2018 artist/mentors included: Kyra Alex (textiles/re-fashioning workshop), Mark Bell (porcelain clay/wheel-throwing), MaJo Keleshian (expressive drawing), Michelle Levesque (Haboti silk dyeing/fiber), Linda Perrin (beginning glassblowing), Nisa Smiley (bronze metal clay (BMC) jewelry), Ellen Wieske (making jewelry/setting a stone), and Eric Ziner (blacksmithing/a bright idea-lamps).
Support for the 2018 Mentor Program was provided by the following funds of Haystack's Program Endowment: the Ann and Chuck Holland, Belvedere, and Betsy Rowland. Haystack's 2018 general operating fund is supported in part by a grant from the Maine Arts Commission, an independent state agency supported by the National Endowment for the Arts.
"The highlight for me was how I wasn't ever limited. The information was presented in a way that let me explore it and when I asked 'Is this possible?' the answer was always 'YES!'"


NewList Method
Description
Creates a list of objects according to the specified filter.
Syntax
Visual Basic
Public Function NewList( _
 ByVal Filter As String _
) As List
Parameters
Filter
A TDFilter.Text defining the criteria for filtering items in the factory. If an empty string is passed, the returned list contains all the child items of the current factory object.
Remarks
Lists created with factory NewList calls are cached for several seconds. If your application is expected to change the contents of the list, instruct the server to refresh the data by passing [force_refresh] as the leading characters of the filter.
See Also


text:
- How do you keep a paralyzed dog clean?
- Can a paralyzed dog be happy?
- How do paralyzed dogs pee?
- Can a paralyzed dog walk again?
- When should you euthanize a dog with degenerative myelopathy?
- Can my dog live with Ivdd?
- How do you empty a paralyzed bladder in a dog?
- Can dogs with IVDD wag their tails?
- Can paralyzed dogs pee on their own?
- Do dogs feel pain when put to sleep?
- How much is Ivdd surgery for a dog?
- Can a Paralysed dog wag its tail?
- Can dogs poop in a wheelchair?
- Should I put my dog down with Ivdd?
- Why do dogs back legs give out?
- What to do when my dogs back legs give out?
- Why is my dog paralyzed from the waist down?
How do you keep a paralyzed dog clean?
Be sure to keep incontinent dogs on an absorbent pad or in a diaper when not being directly supervised.
Use dog diapers for dogs in carts or those with some mobility.
Replace diapers and underpads frequently and keep the dog's skin clean and dry.
Bathe the dog as needed and use baby wipes between baths..
Can a paralyzed dog be happy?
Often, paralyzed or partially paralyzed dogs are still perfectly capable of living a comfortable, happy life. They continue to show interest in playing, they're alert and excited when they see you, and they maintain a healthy appetite.
How do paralyzed dogs pee?
Pets who are unable to move their hind limbs are unable to urinate on their own. Sometimes, when a paralyzed pet is lifted, urine is passed – this is likely due to "overflow." The pressure on the abdomen with a full bladder may result in release of urine.
Can a paralyzed dog walk again?
The good news is that most of them do walk again. Statistically, about 80% of paralyzed dogs will walk again with therapy.
When should you euthanize a dog with degenerative myelopathy?
It is best to euthanize a dog with degenerative myelopathy between six months to three years after it has been diagnosed in lots of cases. It is not in your place to make this decision. Your vet will examine your dog and tell you how this illness can impact the quality of its life.
Can my dog live with Ivdd?
Outcomes are most successful in dogs that have not lost their ability to walk. In dogs that have had ongoing symptoms of IVDD, atrophy of the spinal cord can occur and lead to less successful outcomes. Expect recovery from IVDD surgery to take about 6 – 8 weeks.
How do you empty a paralyzed bladder in a dog?
To express the bladder itself, you can use your finger tips or your fingers curled up. Slowly apply steady pressure until you get a steady stream of urine. Keep applying pressure until the urine slows to a dribble or stops and you can almost feel your fingers from each hand touching each other.
Can dogs with IVDD wag their tails?
There is also a grading scale used for dogs with IVDD: … Grade 3: Non-ambulatory paraparesis – these dogs are still able to move their legs and wag their tails, but are not strong enough to support their own weight and walk.
Can paralyzed dogs pee on their own?
A paralyzed dog may have difficulties urinating on their own. If they are not urinating often, it could cause bladder infections. It could also lead to more serious problems if it spreads to the kidneys.
Do dogs feel pain when put to sleep?
Finally, the euthanasia solution is injected into your pet's vein, where it rapidly travels throughout the body. Within seconds, your dog will become unconscious, experiencing no pain or suffering. Breathing will slow down and then stop over the next several seconds.
How much is Ivdd surgery for a dog?
Surgical Treatment of IVDD How much IVDD surgery costs depends on many factors, however you can expect to pay in region of $1,500 to $4,000 for IVDD surgery for your dog.
Can a Paralysed dog wag its tail?
They also can no longer voluntarily wag to express themselves, though they do wave their tails involuntarily as a reflex.
Can dogs poop in a wheelchair?
Yes! Dogs are able to eliminate when in their K9 Cart dog wheel chair. They do not squat, but tend to spread their legs and urine and feces will fall onto the ground missing the supportive frame of the wheelchair.
Should I put my dog down with Ivdd?
There is one small group of IVDD dogs for whom euthanasia is always the best decision: A very small number of severely-affected dogs are unlucky enough to go downhill with PMM (progressive myelomalacia) during the first few days of their illness.
Why do dogs back legs give out?
Causes of Back Leg Weakness in Dogs Degenerative myelopathy. Injury. Fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy. Intervertebral disc disease.
What to do when my dogs back legs give out?
Spinal treatments may help some kinds of neurological dysfunction. Your dog might benefit from herniated disc removal and spinal fusion surgery, or from strong anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce swollen tissues that pinch nerves.
Why is my dog paralyzed from the waist down?
Paralysis of a hind leg is usually associated with injury to the nerve roots in the lower back or tailbone, the network of nerves located between the spinal cord and the hind leg (lumbosacral plexus), or the femoral, sciatic, peroneal, or tibial nerve in the leg.


text:
How does state level tax administration reduce business administrative expenses?
Answer: Businesses do not have to file tax returns with each jurisdiction in which it sells a product or service. Each state provides a central point of administration for all state and local sales and use taxes and distributes the local taxes to the local governments. Each state also requires its local governments to tax and exempt the same products and services as the state. This minimizes the information a business must know to conduct business in a state


text:
An Engineering Evaluation of Fine Sedimentation at the Mayport Naval Basin, Mayport, Floridaby John R. Headland, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Alexandria, United States,
Document Type: Proceeding Paper
Part of: Coastal Sediments
The Mayport Naval Basin is located near the mouth of the St Johns River in northeastern Florida, U.S.A. A total of 16.8 million cubic yards of fine sediment were dredged from the harbor during the period 1954 through 1987 corresponding to an average annual siltation rate of 500,000 cubic yards per year (cy/yr). Present maintenance dredging costs are on the order of $1.2 million per year, but are expected to increase sharply in the future as the capacity of upland disposal areas are exhausted. This paper presents the results of a study conducted in an effort to: (1) evaluate the basic causes of siltation, and (2) examine proposed remedial measures to reduce dredging costs.
Services: Buy this book/Buy this article
Return to search


text:
"[i]n some Wiccan traditions, the reversed pentagram is a symbol of "second degree" status – one who has been elevated from "initiate"." This is in reference to the initiation rites used in most Wiccan traditions.
Vivianne Crowley, pagan author of Wicca: The Old Religion in the New Millennium, explains:
The symbol of the second degree is the downward-pointing Pentagram, a symbol associated with the Christian Devil. This is not however the symbol of the Christians' 'Evil One,' but the symbol of the Horned God, the Dark Lord of Death.
Why is the pentagram reversed? The pentagram with its five sides is a very important symbol in Wicca. In terms of spiritual growth, the pentagram is symbolic of the four functions of the personality, together with the fifth or transcendent function, the Self. The five-pointed pentagram shows that the fifth function has emerged, but is not yet transcendent. It lies buried beneath the other four. It is only with the third degree that the pentagram tilts over and attains its rightful upright direction. To turn the pentagram we must uncover that which is hidden, the unknown parts of ourselves.– Source: Vivianne Crowley, Wicca: The Old Religion in the New Millennium. Thorsons, London. 1996. Pages 194-195
Previous page: Pentagram / Pentacle


text:
Claire L. Fanger F'17
ACLS Fellowship Program 2017
Prophecy in Practice: The Everyday Life of Divine Knowledge in the Twelfth Century
"Prophecy in Practice" sits at the disciplinary intersection of anthropology and history, and takes as its focus the personal everyday aspects of prophetic cognition in the lives of late medieval monks and nuns. By investigating links between large scale—biblical and exegetical—concepts of prophecy and smaller scale daily practices, such as prayer, reading, and the interpretation and sharing of dreams, as they facilitate or engender individual experiences of prophecy, this project explores the conjunction of institutional and personal knowledge embodied in medieval religious persons. This study breaks new ground in showing how common practices and concepts shared among members of twelfth-century religious communities facilitated individual experience and the expression of prophetic gifts.


For assistance with incorrectly uploaded/ imported data into the system, we ( would require the following information to try and assist in recovering the data:
 - The file that was incorrectly uploaded.
 - The user who uploaded the file.
 - The date the file was uploaded so we can get the correct backup data.
With the above information given, we can assist in reverting the uploaded data.
*Note that our imports are done with an update, as a result existing information is updated and new information is added onto the system.
This can also be resolved by the user, either by manually correcting the data loaded onto the system or by correcting the data in the excel file that was uploaded and then re-uploading the file.
For KPI targets and actuals, the dates are used to update the entries and for other imports, the Ids are used to update the records in the system.
*Read the Rules on the import template carefully before attempting to upload a file onto the system.


text:
Stubbed, stove and just plain busted
Dear Word Detective: I recently stubbed my toe on my kitchen table. The thought occurred to me — why do we say, "I stubbed my toe"? We don't "stub" other body parts, not our ankles, knees, chin, or elbows. You smack, hit, whack, bang up, etc., but not "stub" them. I've tried researching this on my own and I found nothing. The meaning of the word "stubbed" comes from tree stumps in a field, but I can't follow it from there. Anything you could find out would be great! — Lainey.
Well, you've come to the right place. I've not only stubbed but actually broken most of the toes on both my feet over the years. I'm not sure why we don't speak of "stubbing" one's fingers, however. I was using a shovel last year and managed to severely "stub" my little finger when my grip slipped. [Update: It was broken. Duh. Now it has a funny kink in it.]
The verb "to stub" comes from the noun "stub," which, as you found, originally meant "the stump of a tree" and comes from the Old English "stybb." Over the centuries since then, "stub" has acquired a variety of meanings, most involving something shortened, stunted, or cut off, frequently the remaining portion of something (as in the "stub" of a movie ticket). As a verb, "to stub," which first appeared in the 15th century, initially meant "to dig up by the roots" (i.e., to remove a tree stump, etc.), but soon developed a range of related meanings centered on the general idea of either "shortening" or "crushing" various things.
In the late 17th century, however, people began to speak of "stubbing" a horse, injuring its legs, by allowing it to trip over or jam its hooves on "stubs," tree stumps. By the mid-19th century, this use of "stub" had carried over to humans, and meant specifically to strike one's toe against an obstruction while walking or running. While this verb "to stub" does refer back to the noun "stub" in the "tree stump" sense, it also invokes the sense of "shortening" one's toe by jamming it lengthwise into an object. It's that "lengthwise" smashing that distinguishes "stubbing" one's toe from simply "banging" one's elbow or knee. The same verb "to stub" is used to mean extinguishing a cigarette or cigar by crushing the lighted end into a solid surface.
Incidentally, the verb used to describe "stubbing" one's finger the way I did is, for some strange reason, "to stave," a verb which originally meant to destroy a cask or barrel by smashing the "staves" of which it was constructed. "Stave" is actually the archaic plural of "staff" in the sense of "rod or stick," and when we speak of "staving off an attack," it originally meant to use sticks as weapons. A ship which has had a hole punched in its hull (e.g., by a rock) is said to be "stove" (the archaic past tense of "stave") or "stove in," and a finger which has be damaged by being jammed with great force lengthwise into an object is said to be "stove." The term "stove in" has also been used, since the early 20th century, as slang for anything that is worn out or run down, including people ("Mr. Avery'll be in bed for a week — he's right stove up. He's too old to do things like that," Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird, 1960).


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Why you need a publish path for SEO
Publish path makes your URL more SEO-friendly. If your page title is Charlottetown Summer Events and Attractions, you can choose to create a publish path /charlottetown-events
URL length is an important search engine optimization (SEO) factor. There is a strong connection between a shorter URL length and higher SEO rankings. Google has been making efforts to shorten or even hide the display of URLs in the browser. A very long URL can look suspicious and discourage people from clicking it.
Publish paths can also be used to label pages in multiple languages.
Entering your publish path
To enter the published path, follow these steps:
- Go to the Pages menu in the top-left corner of the Sitebuilder.
- Click on the cog Settings icon to enter the Page settings area:
- Scroll down to the SEO Settings area and locate the Publish path field.
- Enter the publish path for the page as you want it to appear in the URL.
- Click Submit.
- To make your changes live, click the Publish button.
Customizing the publish path
When you first enter the publish path, it's created as /publish---path (example) by default. You may want to change this. Simply enter the new publish path text in the field, removing extra dashes, and click Submit, then Publish.
Language-specific public paths
When creating a multi-language website, you may wish to customize your publish paths so that they reflect your website structure. For example, to group all French-language pages, you can enter public paths as follows:
To learn more about creating multi-language navigation, visit this tutorial.


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Find out about the differences between IR and hot-air dryers and discover which features might be most useful to your operation.
Garment screen printers are used to two types of dryers on the production floor: infrared and hot air. Both dryers use a conveyor to transport garments through the curing chamber and use heat to set the inks on the garments (up to 330°F for plastisols). These are the only similarities between these two dryers. The dryers are otherwise very different in design, capacity, versatility, running cost, and level of investment. For starters, infrared dryers work with direct heat radiated from infrared panels to heat up the ink to a specific drying/curing temperature. Hot-air dryers use heated air blown over the garments to transfer the heat. Let's look into the factors that set these two dryer designs apart and discuss the advantages, versatility, and possible limitations of each.
The infrared dryer
The Infrared, or IR, dryer uses electrically heated infrared panels mounted above the conveyor belt in a heat-insulated cover. As the printed garment passes under the IR panels, the radiated heat is absorbed by the ink and heated up to curing temperature. The drying temperature is regulated by the electric power to the element and/or by adjusting the height of the IR panels above the conveyor. The conveyor speed is also adjustable to set the correct drying time. The IR dryer is, by its nature, compact and simple in its design with few moving parts and is consequently a relatively inexpensive investment.
Ink considerations Water-based inks typically do not work well in an IR dryer because the dryer lacks airflow needed to drive out the water from the ink for a proper cure. Some infrared dryers use special IR panels with a small air-circulation fan that creates a moderate airflow to assist in drying. The drying capacity is reduced because water-based inks have a 50-100% longer drying time. The water must be driven out of the garment first before the ink can be heated to the final curing temperature.
Variations in drying temperature Due to the direct heat radiation, the drying temperature can be difficult to control and, therefore, may vary depending of what type of garment is used and the thickness of the print. Always test various dryer settings for best results each time you use any new type of garment or ink for the first time. This will minimize the risk of scorching the garment or under/over curing the ink.
Did you enjoy this article? Click here to subscribe to the magazine.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Skip to Main Content
Considered from the test structure, test time, test power, the paper based on the IEEEstd1500 standards, the first reference in the test circuit is to build a structure of SOC testing, including test cases and test shell test controller., SOCd695 were completed by SOC test scheduling TAM through Optimization of neural network after simulation. In order to achieve optimal low-power SOC design of the tcu test control unit, use the adoption of innovative parity algorithm in descending order before test scheduling, to to reduce the testing of all nodes in the transition activities to reduce the power consumption of SOC test structure. Experimental results show that this method is better to reduce power consumption, lower the cost of test.
Strategic Technology (IFOST), 2011 6th International Forum on (Volume:2 )
Date of Conference: 22-24 Aug. 2011


Back to Quizzes
Can you name celebrities on the cover of TV Guide in 1980?
Actors look a little different in ink and oil.
You would recognize all these actors from classic TV shows. In photographs.
Illustrations? Those are a little harder. Artists are more subjective. Which can make identifying the stars on TV Guide a little tougher. Back in the day, the magazine loved to use paintings and drawings on the covers.
All of the following covers hit newsstands and grocery aisles in 1980. Keep that in mind as you try to match the cover with the TV show. Good luck!
 1. What show featured these porthole people?
 2. Recognize this trio?
 3. The sunglasses and hat should help.
 4. Where could you find this fellow?
 5. How about this trio?
 6. Who is the actor on the left?
 7. Recognize this duo?
 8. These two TV veterans teamed up on which show?
 9. Where could you watch these bubbly personalities?
 10. Recognize these eyebrows?
 11. What about this clan?
 12. What was the name of this 'All in the Family' spin-off?
 13. What was the name of this 'BJ and the Bear' spin-off?
 14. Do these women ring a bell?
 15. Finally, we have this drama. What was it called?
Your Result...
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I'm going to try and generate black and white NTSC video, using a micro-controller. According to this:
It is possible to do it using two pins of Atmel Mega644. I looked at the datasheet and noted that the IO is 1.8 V. For NTSC you just need three voltages sent at the correct time, 0V, 0.3V, and 1V.
What I don't understand is how does this circuit generate the 0,.3 and 1V. When I do the calculations it doesn't really add up.
I simulated this using TI TINA simulator, 2 batteries and switches inplace of the IO ports, and trying all four combinations of the IO, I can get 0,.3V but not 1V.
Can someone using math explain how you can get 0 V,.3 V, and 1 V using the circuit shown in the link above. I also, I guess what I don't understand is the uC IO equivalent circuit for simulating in a SPICE program, is it just a battery set to the IO voltage? Or maybe an OP AMP with the output set to the IO voltage can someone please explain this.
Any help is appreciated.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Hitchhiker in Luxembourg (1977)
Hitchhiking is a way that people can travel from one place to another. Usually, a hitchhiker (a person who hitchhikes) will stand at the side of a road and hold his or her thumb in the air waiting for the car to come and pick her or him up. This is a sign that he or she wants a car to stop and pick him/her up. The distance traveled by hitchhiking can be anywhere from walking distance to across a continent. Hitchhiking is against the law in some areas (for example around a prison in the United States).
It was a very common way of travelling in Europe in the 1970s and is still done by many people all over the world.
Other websites[change | change source]
Autostop invalid attempt.jpg


Russell Harvard, Deaf Actor in 'Mockingbird,' Breaks Ground in Broadway Casting
The theater is all about artifice; it's in the DNA: The lights are brighter and colored than in real life; the actors' voices are louder than normal—assuming you are not near someone having an all-too-intimate cellphone conversation. Up close, their makeup is often grotesque. Their posture is different: They face toward the audience when it suits them. Even the most well-appointed kitchen-sink drama—the epitome of realism—has that pesky lack of a fourth wall. In fact, members will suspend their disbelief for just about anything. Puppeteers on stage with their hand up a puppet's butt.
Russell Harvard in To Kill a Mockingbird
Russell Harvard plays Link Deas in the current Broadway production of "To Kill a Mockingbird," using sign language to get visceral effects. Julieta Cervantes
And the audience pretty much accepts that.
Now, it seems they will even accept a deaf person in hearing role.
Russell Harvard, a deaf actor who plays Boo Radley and Link Deas—who are hearing characters—in the current Broadway production of To Kill a Mockingbird, based on the novel by Harper Lee, has been making inroads toward that end in recent years. Last season, he played Cornwall opposite Glenda Jackson in King Lear on Broadway. In these roles, Harvard has had a speaking and signing interpreter with him on stage. As Cornwall, in his most dramatic moments, Harvard even spoke his own lines.
'Hey, Boo!'
Moving Harvard into Mockingbird required no rewriting per se. A few speeches were switched around, Harvard says, "but nothing major. Some lines were cut and pasted to where they needed to go and where they needed to come out."
From an acting standpoint, it was just like preparing for most other roles. "Boo is not simplified," Harvard says. "He is a little on the spectrum, so we assume he is a little autistic. They probably didn't have a word for autistic or autism. So they just labeled him 'crazy.' But he likes to work with his hands a lot. He is very tactile. He made dolls. It wouldn't make sense for him to stand there and be neutral with his hands down. So he's fidgeting with his hands."
As an audience member at Lear, I found an interpreter onstage at first a little disconcerting—but just a little and only for a couple of minutes. I had been given no advance word that anything unusual would be done. That it worked so well speaks to Harvard's ability and his belief in the value of different—I wouldn't use the word disabled loosely here—actors in theater.
First of all, talking with Harvard is a treat for the senses. He will speak and sign to the translator and he will sign, sometimes simply but at other times expansively. You don't always know where to look, but anywhere is probably correct. And signing can be a very pretty language to follow.
Magnificent Obsession
Harvard got the acting bug early, while watching the movie versions of The Wizard of Oz and The Neverending Story. And later he saw his cousin act in a student play: "My cousin, who was deaf, played the Wicked Witch of the West at the deaf school. As a person, she is the opposite of the witch. And I was like: Oh my god! She can play the witch?
"I was enthralled and inspired. I saw her three times, and I was like, Oh yeah, I am down.
"For some reason I have been drawn to villainous characters—maybe in my past life I was a bad person," he says and laughs. "You don't want to be a bad guy in real life but in the stories and movies I've watched it seems like a lot of fun. I was always fascinated by the Wicked Witch of the West even though she frightened me."
Once the obsession took hold, it never let go.
"I wanted to do a Christmas play, [about] Santa Claus lost in Oz—and I did!' he says. "I asked if I could play the witch. And they said, 'No you're a boy, and the witch is a girl.' I said I could be a boy wit—and it worked out.
"We had three sequels: third grade, fourth grade and fifth grade. I finally got the nerve to tell a classmate I wanted to play a female witch. And my father for the first time came and saw the show."
And after the show, Harvard's father went up to Russell and asked, "Why? Why are you playing a girl?"
"Because I want to," he answered.
Usually, parents get a crestfallen look when their child says they want to be an actor or just work in the theater. But Harvard makes it clear that he never really felt like an outcast growing up: "I had a great childhood, school experience. We embraced each other." But still, at least at that time, Harvard was not thinking of a career, which was a good bet given the famously high unemployment rates in the business.
"I never thought I would do I would do it professionally in my life. I had an inkling. But I told myself you know it might not happen. So I should be prepared. I should have a backup plan. I thought I would teach theater."
Harvard was in and out of school, working toward a teaching degree. He worked with preschoolers in Alaska. He decided to go back to school and drove from Alaska to Washington, D.C., and immediately had an audition for There Will Be Blood. And eventually he got the very visible role of H.W., Daniel Day-Lewis' adopted son. Scott Rudin, producer of To Kill a Mockingbird, was the producer for the movie.'
Grand Gestures
Acting in your own language at a high level is difficult enough, but acting in two languages, often simultaneously, poses a host of other complications. For one, American Sign Language has its own syntax. Harvard's parents were deaf, so, like many native speakers—in any language—he did not take grammar lessons in ASL. This can cause some communications problems, not to mention acting problems—actors can't be reading lips and following ASL at all times—so Harvard adjusts depending on the role.
Harvard can hear some things with a hearing aid. Obviously, rehearsal helps a lot, he says, "you get used to it." He hears some actors very well; Ed Harris (Atticus Finch) is "perfectly clear." Some deaf actors, he says, will have cue lights off stage. For Mockingbird. Harvard chose not to memorize the English text, preferring to just go with ASL. In some plays, he will take out his hearing aid entirely, but on this production he is taking the challenge to hear because the audience responds to the English text.
Using a hearing aid, he says, is not for hearing English words, it is for hearing what is necessary in the ambient environment: a sound or a silence that serves as a cue or a motivation the helps him create his performance.
With an all-deaf or mostly deaf cast, the dynamic changes versus show with a heterogeneous mix of actors. "Because ASL is very pictorial," Harvard says, "the audience will hear the line and see the sign and they'll be like, 'Oh, it's very poetic. It's art.'"
The trick in signing, as in speaking, a line is to convey a greater meaning. "You don't just say the line. You translate the meaning and make it [visually] into art." So signs become larger or smaller to match the emotions of the text.
Harvard cites and demonstrates a speech Link has in Mockingbird, his arms and hands gesturing grandly—this creates a visceral effect above and beyond anything that the words can communicate: "Link talks about what happens to [the defendant Tom Robinson], how something happened to his left arm. And I explain how it happened very pictorially, and people see how it happened. ASL is a three-dimensional language, compared to a spoken language."
This, Harvard says, makes a strong case for deaf actors. "I read a quote once: 'If I am making an effort to communicate and you feel like you are having a hard time, then who are you to call me disabled?' It's like the other way around." This theme is explored in plays like Equus and Children of a Lesser God, that seemingly disabled people actually live richer lives than so-called normal people.
Wish List
Harvard actually feels that Children, which featured Phyllis Frelich, a deaf actress, working with John Rubinstein, a hearing actor would be better served if it was done all in sign language. Instead of having James (Rubinstein's hearing character) repeat Sarah's (Frelich) words. Because, he says, watching it as a deaf person, "was so tiring and so challenging. They could take out the lines and put them somewhere else. They could use supertitles. I wish there was more of that."
He goes on to say, "I would love to have an all-deaf cast of Rent. Or like in Spring Awakening having Melchior played by a deaf person" with someone else singing his songs. He would also like to play Frank N. Furter in The Rocky Horror Show: "I would love all the main characters to be played by deaf people and the Transylvanians would be hearing, singing for us. But there is another theater that has the rights to it for now. It's never been done in ASL, not since 1975."
Thunderbolt Enlightening


Parallel Reasoning Strategies: Part I
Speak OutParallel Reasoning questions on the Critical Reasoning section of the GMAT are a type of "method of reasoning" question-type. These questions require you to focus on the author's logic. Parallel reasoning questions ask you to look for the answer choice that has the closest logical structure as the argument in the question stem. Ask yourself: which choice best matches the WAY the author moves from the evidence to his conclusion?
How can I tell if I'm looking at a "Parallel Reasoning" question? The question-stem will contain an argument, and the question itself will contain phrases like "method of reasoning," "parallel reasoning," "most similar," "similar reasoning," or "most closely parallel." You'll also see that each answer choice is its own argument, as opposed to an assumption, inference, or flaw.
Let's look at a simple example!
Argument #1: If someone has blonde hair, then they have blue eyes. My father has blonde hair, therefore my father has blue eyes.
The reasoning here is presented as a conditional A -> B, "blonde hair" means "blue eyes." This reasoning is then used to make a conclusion, using the exact same pattern: A -> B. Here's an example of a simple argument that uses parallel reasoning to Argument #1:
Argument #2: The best internet cafes have free wifi. All cafes with free wifi serve unlimited coffee. Therefore, the best internet cafes serve unlimited coffee.
It's the same reasoning because the logic moves in the same direction from A -> B, going from "wifi" to "coffee," then "best cafes" to "wifi." Don't worry that this argument is not arranged in exactly the same order as Argument #1, it's the method of reasoning that must be similar. A correct answer choice can be a little bit different from the question-stem. It's the LOGIC that counts!
Watch out for…
 - Answer choices that merely mimic the topic of the argument. The correct answer's argument usually focuses on an entirely different topic. It's not what is being discussed that matters, but how the reasoning is laid out.
 - Answer choices that have the same structure as the question-stem argument, but do not have the same logic! Just because an answer choice contains similar keywords, or has a similar number of sentences, doesn't mean its logic matches! The premises and conclusion can be rearranged, but the logic of an argument doesn't change.
 - Pacing! These question-types typically take longer than strengthen or weaken CR, because you have 6 arguments to break down, as opposed to 1 (whew!). Practice untimed at first, but as you gain more confident with this question-type, set a timer and try to do them in under 3 minutes, then under 2 minutes.
Look out for Part 2 of this series, where we'll look at what strategies we can use to break down Parallel Reasoning questions quickly and effectively, and get them correct every time.
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$13 billion required in BC for renewal of water/wastewater infrastructure
Are our Water Systems at Risk?
Financial sustainability is a key principle for safeguarding water, sewer, and storm water systems so that they continue to protect public health and the environment, and contribute to economic development.
The BCWWA, together with Urban Systems, has recently assessed the financial capacity of British Columbia's municipalities to maintain, renew, and replace our existing water and wastewater infrastructure. Here are copies of the summary document and full report, entitled Are Our Water Systems at Risk?
The BCWWA encourages local governments to self-assess the financial sustainability of their water and sewer systems, compare their community's results to the results presented in our report, and prioritize water and wastewater renewal and replacement projects for capital investment.
The work is intended to be a catalyst for conversation between water professionals, residents, businesses, and elected officials – to build understanding about the value of BC's water and wastewater systems.
The following resources are available:
Over the next month, the BCWWA will be distributing the Executive Summary report to all municipal CAOs, Mayors & Councils, and MLAs.


The Cavern's Wise Woman: The Bear Goddess
cavernreviewTitle: The Cavern's Wise Woman: The Bear Goddess
Publisher: Spero Publishing
Author: Anne Welch
Pages: 90 pp
Price: $10.99 (paperback)/$3.99 (ebook)
ISBN: 978-_PHONE_ (paperback)/ 2940033057634 (ebook)
There are very few books in pagan and polytheist studies that deal exclusively with bears — or, to be specific, the Bear Goddess. While there are a great many deities and heroes associated with bears — Artemis comes to mind, and Arthur, and Artio (and see what those names all have in common?) — none of them were actually considered a bear deity. (To find one of those, you have to go halfway around the world from Europe in search of Nanuk, the Inuit polar bear god.) But the traces exist, embedded deeply across European and northern Asian prehistory, mythology, and linguistics, indicating the long-ago worship of just such a deity.
Anne Welch has done a masterful job of digging out these ancient fragments of lore, drawing on cave drawings, archaeological finds (including the discovery in France of a perfect circle of cave bear skulls that most specialists in Paleolithic archaeology possess cult significance), and linguistic roots. She melds these fragments with her own personal gnosis, based on years of practice, worship, and work. Her book discusses Arta, the ancient bear goddess of healing, metallurgy, herbalism, and magic, detailing the prayers and rituals she has created for Arta, as well as other facets of this goddess' nature.
Arta, Welch points out, is a goddess so old that almost all traces of her have been lost; she may have been worshipped since Paleolithic times, and subsequent religious practices by European cultures as they grew more civilized may have displaced or destroyed almost any record of her save the paintings and remains found in the caves in Switzerland, Slovenia, Germany, and France.
A note: strict reconstructionists will point out that this book contains far more personal gnosis than historical fact. While it is true that the historical record is, of course, silent on the existence of this particular goddess, much less any recorded human worship of her, the book is less about facts that may only be verified in history books and museums, and more about building a personal religious practice through communication with the deity in question, an understanding of the context in which such worship might historically have appeared, and a willingness to see the patterns in the recorded religious beliefs of other ancient cultures that bear (pardon the pun) a distinct familiarity to what Welch is sharing here. She points out possible links to other gods and goddesses such as Artemis and Odin, and suggests it is possible that some of the gaps we have in our knowledge of pre-Christian history might well be filled in with Arta and other deities like Her.
In the end, it is worth noting that all modern, non-indigenous (Hindu, Shinto, African and Chinese folk/tribal religions) polytheistic traditions are composed mainly of two things: our knowledge of the historical facts, and our personal experience with the gods, spirits, ancestors, and heroes we are honoring. The only difference between the worship of Arta and any of these other traditions (including heathenry, Hellenic paths, Celtic traditions, and so on) is the proportion of historical facts to personal experience; in some traditions, the history outweighs the personal experience, and in others — such as the worship of Arta — the opposite might seem to be true.
What is also true is that historians, archaeologists, and other scientists are constantly discovering new pieces of our myriad ancient cultures to add to the puzzle that is what we know so far. It is, of course, highly unlikely that we will ever have every piece in the puzzle, but there is nothing to say that someone, in the not too distant future, might find such historical evidence to lend more factual weight to the worship of Arta, and I sincerely hope that that day might come soon; adding that knowledge to what we already have can only serve to deepen and broaden the vast tapestry of polytheistic history, further confirming the richness of the religious practices and beliefs of those cultures.
The Cavern's Wise Woman: The Bear Goddess is not a book for everyone, but for those with an interest in potential European religious practices, a love of bears, or just an abiding curiosity, they could do far worse than to invest in a copy and open their minds, hearts, and spirits to the roar of the Bear Goddess.
[Jennifer Lawrence likes the fey and the strange, which explains most of her friends. Her interests include gardening, herbalism, mythology and fairy tales, theology, Celtic music, role-playing games, horror movies, and the martial arts. Her work has appeared in numerous publications, including AphelionJabberwocky 4Cabinet Des FeesGoblin Fruit, and the Bibliotheca Alexandrina anthology Unbound: A Devotional Anthology in Honor of Artemis. She lives somewhere near Chicago.]
7 thoughts on "The Cavern's Wise Woman: The Bear Goddess"
 1. i am wishing to buy The cavern's wise woman:the bear goddess.. could i have an address?
 - huldra.witchcraft said:
 hello I'm an Italian pagan girl I'm researching the bear figure and the gods connected to him. I would like to know if after all the time the book is still available.. I am trying to understand why the bear figure has entered my spiritual path
 2. Stephanie said:
 HI The book is not available through either Amazon or Barns & Noble. Can you tell me how to get a copy?
 - Hhmm. Yeah, I've looked around, and it does not even seem to be available through the publisher's site anymore. You might try contacting the folks at Spero Publishing; they might be between print runs or planning a revised edition.
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Games for Youth Groups1000 Games for Youth Groups
Ball transport on a cling wrap
Time: approx. 3 min., or extend the game
Size of group: playable with a few teammates
Time for preparation: none
Material: Table tennis ball, cling wrap
Game description
Divide the group into several teams each of 5 kids. They are sitting in a line, one behind the other. Now the team leader puts a bucket in front of the first player. Next, the kids unroll a cling wrap above their heads. Another player or the team leader stands behind the last player and put a table tennis ball on top of the cling wrap. The objective for the team is to roll the ball carefully overhead of all players and straight into the bucket. Every time they succeed, they score a point. How many points can you collect in a pre-determined time?
The winner is the team that scores the most points.
[ © ]
Games for youth groups, children's birthday party or community fete.
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text:
Root-Smart Example Video
Purchase the Root-Smart book to get all 57 roots with sentence completion exercises. The answer key is free.
Root-Smart Sentence Completions Workbook
This book contains 57 of the most essential root parts your children need in order to understand thousands of words they read. Each chapter provides the definition of the root along with sentence completion exercises to help the students understand words that have been derived from that root. Students will use the context of the sentence and the meanings of the roots to select synonyms that complete the sentence.


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Tuesday 5th February 2019
The Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Hillier, has opened the High-G training and test facility at RAF Cranwell.
The £44m project is used by fast jet pilots in the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force to replicate flight in aircraft such as the Hawk, Typhoon and new F-35 Lightning aircraft. Pilots are able to experience up to 9G – nine times the normal gravitational pull of the Earth – and learn how to use their specialist in-cockpit flying equipment to help them cope with these stresses. The centrifuge can accelerate up to 9G in one second and rotate up to 34 times a minute.
The new facility revolutionises High-G training as pilots are not simply strapped into the device and exposed to G-force but are able to 'fly' as they would in a flight simulator as the pilot manoeuvres the aircraft and applies the G-force.
Chief of the Air Staff Air Chief Marshal, Sir Stephen Hillier said:
"I am delighted to see our new High-G Training Facility opened today and to be able to mark this step-change in how we train our pilots. By exposing our Typhoon, Lightning and Hawk pilots to High-G forces in a tailor-made and completely controlled environment, we are significantly enhancing safety in the air and making a major contribution to our operational effectiveness. Today represents another major milestone in the RAF's impressive modernisation programme."
Pilots benefit from a cockpit which closely represents that of their normal aircraft enabling them to conduct a plethora of training scenarios from air-to-air combat to dealing with in-bound missile threats.
The device will also be used to trial and test new equipment to be used on fast jet aircraft and by the pilots. This will also ensure that the testing is done in a benign environment before being trialled in live flight.
Director Air Support at DE&S, Richard Murray said:
"This new and exciting facility is replacing the High-G trainer until recently used by Defence; that dates from the 1950s and no longer matches the performance of the modern fast jet aircraft such as the F-35 and Typhoon.
"The Centrifuge is capable of accelerating up to 9-G in just one second, but rather than just sitting in it, the replica, flyable cockpit delivers realistic and immersive training, helping to simulate real-life missions while teaching pilots to deal with acceleration and High G-forces."
The new facility at RAF Cranwell is used by fast jet pilots progressing through the UK Military Flying Training System and into their flying careers. Fast jet pilots will refresh their training at least every 5 years to keep them as safe as possible and current in the techniques used to handle High-G forces in flight.
The RAF Centre of Aviation Medicine is using the facility to train aircrew to recognise the effects of G-force, develop awareness of it and learn the physical techniques needed to counter the effects on their bodies during combat missions. Up to 300 aircrew will receive training on the centrifuge each year.
The 39-tonne centrifuge built by Thales UK has seen the company team up with world leading centrifuge specialists AMST from Austria to design and build the equipment. Thales has been training RAF aircrew since the 1930s providing over 300 complex simulators for 60 different platforms.
Thales UK Chief Executive Officer, Victor Chavez said:
"Only 24 months ago we cut the turf to set this project on its way, so to see the centrifuge in full operation is a testament to great collaborative working from Thales, DE&S and the RAF.
"Thales has been training RAF aircrew since the 1930s, that's more than 80 years of providing 300-plus complex simulators for 60 different platforms. The High-G Training and Test Facility is our next exciting chapter in this long-standing training partnership with the RAF."
Top image: Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Hillier KCB CBE DFC ADC MA RAF in the gondola of the new High-G training facility at RAF College Cranwell.


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Definition of Egmas
1. egma [n] - See also: egma
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Egmas Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Egmas
Literary usage of Egmas
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language, in Miniature: With Many by Samuel Johnson (1820)
"... three farthings Rye, t. a coarse kind of hread corn Ry'egmas, t. a kind of strong gmss ¡...."


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Models for Prediction of Structural Properties of Palmnut Fibre-Reinforced Cement Mortar Composites
An analytical study was carried out to investigate the structural properties of palmnut fibre reinforced cement-based composites. Explicit expressions were derived for the flexural, compressive and elongation behavior of composites using a two-phase constitutive model and verified using results obtained from literature. The predicated and measured values were found to agree favourably. Both the predicted and measured composite specimens showed increasing flexural strength up to the optimum fibre volume fraction while the compressive strength decreases with increase in fibre volume fraction. The correlation coefficients were high showing the effectiveness of the two-phase constitutive models in the analysis and design of palmnut fibre-reinforced cement composites.


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The Small Business Credit Survey (SBCS), a collaboration of all 12 Federal Reserve Banks, provides timely information about small business conditions to policymakers, service providers, and lenders. In 2020, the survey reached more than 15,000 small businesses,1 gathering insights about the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on small businesses, as well as business performance and credit conditions.
The survey was fielded in September and October 2020, approximately six months after the onset of the pandemic. The timing of the survey is important to the interpretation of the results. At the time of the survey, the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) authorized by the CARES Act had recently closed, and prospects for additional stimulus funding were uncertain. Additionally, many government-mandated business closures had been lifted as the number of new COVID-19 cases plateaued in advance of a significant increase in cases by the year's end.2
The 2020 survey findings highlight the magnitude of the pandemic's impact on small businesses and the challenges they anticipate as they navigate changes in the business environment. The 2020 SBCS finds that few firms avoided the negative impacts of the pandemic. Furthermore, the findings reveal disparities in experiences and outcomes across firm and owner demographics, including race and ethnicity, industry, and firm size. While this report aggregates data on all small employer firms, it includes some details for select demographics. Future publications will explore the impact of the pandemic on different subsets of businesses.
Access the report to read more.
- The Small Business Credit Survey collects information from both employer and nonemployer firms. The 2020 survey yielded 4,531 responses from nonemployers; the findings for nonemployers will be explored in a separate report. Additionally, the survey yielded approximately 1,000 responses from permanently closed firms and new businesses that had not yet begun operations.
- Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center, _URL_


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Trust, Reciprocity, and Guanxi in China: An Experimental Investigation
AbstractWe examine the influence of social distance on levels of trust and reciprocity in China. Social distance, reflected in the indigenous concept of guanxi, is of central importance to Chinese culture. In Study 1, some participants participated in two financially salient trust games to measure behavior, one with an anonymous classmate and the other with an anonymous, demographically identical nonclassmate. Other participants, drawn from the same population, completed hypothetical surveys to gauge both hypothetical behavior and expectations of others. Social distance effects on actual and hypothetical behavior were statistically consistent. The results together corroborated the hypothesized negative relationship between trust and social distance. However, reciprocity was not responsive to social distance. Study 2 found that affect-based trust, but not cognition-based trust, played a mediating role in the relationship between social distance and interpersonal trust in a hypothetical scenario. We conclude that close guanxi ties in China engender affect-based trust, which is extended to shouren classmates. This is true despite the fact that no more cognition-based trust is placed nor reciprocity received or expected from classmates compared to demographically identical shengren nonclassmates.
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Bibliographic InfoPaper provided by University of Guelph, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 1204.
Length: 37 pages
Date of creation: 2012
Date of revision:
Experiment; Affect-based Trust; China; Guanxi; Reciprocity; Trust; Social Distance;
Find related papers by JEL classification:
- C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
- D03 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Behavioral Economics; Underlying Principles
- D69 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Other
This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:
- NEP-ALL-2012-02-20 (All new papers)
- NEP-CBE-2012-02-20 (Cognitive & Behavioural Economics)
- NEP-EVO-2012-02-20 (Evolutionary Economics)
- NEP-EXP-2012-02-20 (Experimental Economics)
- NEP-GTH-2012-02-20 (Game Theory)
- NEP-NET-2012-02-20 (Network Economics)
- NEP-SOC-2012-02-20 (Social Norms & Social Capital)
- NEP-TRA-2012-02-20 (Transition Economics)
Please report citation or reference errors to, or, if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Charness, Gary B & Rabin, Matthew, 2001.
"Understanding Social Preferences With Simple Tests,"
University of California at Santa Barbara, Economics Working Paper Series
qt0dc3k4m5, Department of Economics, UC Santa Barbara.
- Gary Charness & Matthew Rabin, 2002. "Understanding Social Preferences With Simple Tests," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 117(3), pages 817-869, August.
- Gary Charness & Matthew Rabin, 2003. "Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests," General Economics and Teaching _PHONE_, EconWPA.
- Charness, Gary & Rabin, Matthew, 2002. "Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt3d04q5sm, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Charness, Gary & Rabin, Matthew, 2001. "Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4qz9k8vg, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Rabin, Matthew, 2002. "A Perspective on Psychology and Economics," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt2wr3z049, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Rabin, Matthew, 2002. "A perspective on psychology and economics," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(4-5), pages 657-685, May.
- George A. Akerlof, 1997. "Social Distance and Social Decisions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 65(5), pages _PHONE_, September.
- Gary Bolton & Jordi Brandts & Axel Ockenfels, 1998.
"Measuring Motivations for the Reciprocal Responses Observed in a Simple Dilemma Game,"
Springer, vol. 1(3), pages 207-219, December.
- Bolton, G.E. & Brandts, J. & Ockenfels, A., 1997. "Measuring Motivations for the Reciprocal Responses Observed in a Simple Dilemma Game," UFAE and IAE Working Papers 400.97, Unitat de Fonaments de l'Anàlisi Econòmica (UAB) and Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica (CSIC).
- Rongzhu Ke & Weiying Zhang, 2003. "Trust in China: A Cross-Regional Analysis," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 2003-586, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
- Rabin, Mathew, 2002. "A Perspective on Psychology and Economics," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt4z78n1r9, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
- Roy Y J Chua & Michael W Morris & Paul Ingram, 2009. "Guanxi vs networking: Distinctive configurations of affectand cognition-based trust in the networks of Chinese vs American managers," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 40(3), pages 490-508, April.
- Gunnthorsdottir, Anna & McCabe, Kevin & Smith, Vernon, 2002. "Using the Machiavellianism instrument to predict trustworthiness in a bargaining game," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 49-66, February.
- James C. Cox & Cary A. Deck, 2005. "On the Nature of Reciprocal Motives," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 43(3), pages 623-635, July.
- Garbarino, Ellen & Slonim, Robert, 2009. "The robustness of trust and reciprocity across a heterogeneous U.S. population," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 226-240, March.
- Daniel Z. Levin & Rob Cross, 2004. "The Strength of Weak Ties You Can Trust: The Mediating Role of Trust in Effective Knowledge Transfer," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(11), pages _PHONE_, November.
- Smith, Vernon L, 1976. "Experimental Economics: Induced Value Theory," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 66(2), pages 274-79, May.
- Smith, Vernon L, 1991. "Rational Choice: The Contrast between Economics and Psychology," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(4), pages 877-97, August.
- Buchan, Nancy & Croson, Rachel, 2004. "The boundaries of trust: own and others' actions in the US and China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 485-504, December.
- Berg Joyce & Dickhaut John & McCabe Kevin, 1995. "Trust, Reciprocity, and Social History," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 122-142, July.
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- Imperial Horse Graveyard
Near the retired Horse Stables was their graveyard:
The old horses are allowed to walk about in the meadow during summer. On the other side of the stable is a burial ground where a row of marble slabs mark the resting places of the favorite horses. Here lies "Ami" the horse that was with the Emperor Alexander I in Paris; "Flora", the horse that carried the Emperor Nicholas at Varna; and "Cob" the horse, which the late Tsar Alexander III used to ride, when he reviewed his troops.


A 54-Year-Old Man Died After Eating A Bag And A Half Of Licorice Every Day For A Few Weeks
By Mayukh Saha / Truth Theory
In a bizarre turn of events, a 54 years old Massachusetts man has reportedly died after eating too much Licorice candy. The doctors confirmed that the rush of sugar had damaged his heart function.
The 54 years old man had been eating around a bag and a half of licorice candy each day for many weeks. This, naturally, resulted in nutrients imbalance.
A cardiologist from Massachusetts, Neel Butala, took up the case in a Medicine Journal. He warned people of the dangers of overloading sugar. He added that even a tiny bit of licorice can result in significant blood pressure increase.
The US Food and Drug officials announced that eating two ounces of black licorice for 12 days can results in heart rhythm issues for 40 and over individuals.
What Makes Black Licorice So Dangerous?
As per medical experts, the main ingredient that makes black licorice so deadly is the glycyrrhizic acid. This ingredient is present in other food items that use licorice root as well.
Your potassium levels drop when you consume too much glycyrrhizic acid. That's because it does not let your body absorb adequate potassium. And, for a healthy functioning heart, one needs an appropriate balance of sodium and potassium. When the potassium level drops, the sodium level increases substantially. This causes heart rhythm problems and increased blood pressure.
Another leading cardiologist from the University of Colorado, Dr. Robert Eckel, further explained that it's not just the licorice candy that's dangerous. He said that any food item that uses the licorice root can cause similar issues. Some other popular food items include licorice teas, jelly beans, etc.
Furthermore, Dr. Eckel added that the Belgian beers and even some types of chewing tobacco contain this dangerous compound. Dr. Eckel was formerly the president of the American Heart Association.
Health experts say, however, that the Massachusetts case was an extreme one. The 54 years old man has switched to black licorice from the red twists. The man had gone to eat at a fast-food restaurant when he had a blackout. The emergency services gave him CPR. He revived only to die the following day. Reports found that his potassium levels were fatally low.
Massachusetts Case Reported To FDA In Hopes To Bring Awareness
As per Dr. Butala, a maximum of 3.1 percent glycyrrhizic acid is allowed in a food item. However, licorice and many other candies don't reveal how much of this compound they have per ounce.
Jeff Beckmann from Hershey states that all their food items are safe to consume but needs to be eaten in moderation. The Hershey Company manufactures licorice candies.
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On your iPhone 4S, you can use the Mail app's handy Search feature to find specific e-mails. For example, say you want to find all messages from a certain person or containing a certain word in the Subject field.
 1. With Mail open, tap the Inbox button.
 2. In the Inbox, tap in the Search field. The onscreen keyboard appears.
 3. Enter a search term or name.
 4. Tap the From, To, Subject tab to view messages that contain the search term in one of those fields, or tap the All tab to see messages in which any of these three fields contains the term. Matching e-mails are listed in the results.
You can also use the Spotlight Search feature to search for terms in the To, From, or Subject lines of mail messages.
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Main Content
Duration in days
D = days(X) returns an array of days equivalent to the values in X.
 - If X is a numeric array, then D is a duration array in units of fixed-length days. A fixed-length day is equal to 24 hours.
 - If X is a duration array, then D is a double array with each element equal to the number of fixed-length (24-hour) days in the corresponding element of X.
The days function converts between duration and double values. To display a duration in units of days, set its Format property to 'd'.
collapse all
X = magic(2);
D = days(X)
D = 2x2 duration
 1 day 3 days
 4 days 2 days
Add each number of fixed-length days to the current date and time.
t = datetime('now') + D
t = 2x2 datetime
 24-Feb-2021 14:52:50 26-Feb-2021 14:52:50
 27-Feb-2021 14:52:50 25-Feb-2021 14:52:50
Create a duration array.
X = hours(23:20:95) + minutes(45)
X = 1x4 duration
 23.75 hr 43.75 hr 63.75 hr 83.75 hr
Convert each duration in X to a number of days.
D = days(X)
D = 1×4
 0.9896 1.8229 2.6562 3.4896
Input Arguments
collapse all
Input array, specified as a numeric array, duration array, or logical array.
 - days creates fixed-length (24 hour) days. To create days that account for Daylight Saving Time shifts when used in calendar calculations, use the caldays function.
Extended Capabilities
See Also
Introduced in R2014b


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I often see a recipe that require something to be boiled in "lightly salted water" e.g. Semmelknödel, but I'm always in doubt on how much salt that actually is.
Can anyone tell the "correct" ratio of salt and water for lightly salted water?
Seasoned Advice is a question and answer site for professional and amateur chefs. It only takes a minute to sign up.Sign up to join this community
There is no such correct ratio. Just go with whatever feels lightly salted to your personal taste. The point is simply to differentiate from recipes in which people go for lots of salt, such as some noodle cooking techniques which require the water to be "as salty as seawater" or similar.
In the end, every cook has their own subjective scale of what is their "typical" amount of salt, and it is impossible to meet the recipe author's without further information. And even if you happen to meet it, if your personal preferred level is ckose, you won't notice much difference. On the other hand, if your preference is very different, the food won't taste right to you if you use the same absolute ratio of salt to water. So, the only practical thing is to use your own taste as a reference.
The effects of using a bit more or less salt in the cooking water should be hardly noticeable, so it should be rather hard to make a mistake here unless you are using extrem amounts.
The goal of using salted water is to avoid too much salt dissipates from the food into the water. So if you want to take things over the top you could calculate the percentage of salt in your Knödel and adjust the water to it so food and water are sharing the same osmotic pressure to maintain the Knödels salt content exactly and unchanged.


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What is a Chairperson and what is their role?
In this article, we touch on the subject of What is a chairperson and his/her role in a community scheme.
The Chairperson: A common question in community schemes is "What is a Chairperson and what role do they fulfill?" While it sounds "prestigious", it can be a thankless job. The main roles of the Chairperson are to chair meetings and to ensure that the rest of the committee members are doing what they are supposed to do. This person thus needs to have strong skills in commanding meetings and being able to act impartially.
Going forward we will be explaining What a chairperson is and the role they play in more detail.
How is a Chairperson Elected?
Depending on your Scheme's Rules, a chairperson can generally be elected in one of two ways:
 - At the AGM (Annual General Meeting) of the Scheme when the new committee members are decided on.
 - At a Board meeting (committee meeting for a Scheme), which is normally held shortly after the AGM (Annual General Meeting).
What voting rights does the Chairperson have?
The Chairperson has an ordinary and a casting vote. The ordinary vote, which is used in the person's capacity as a committee member/ owner, and a casting vote, which is a vote that only the Chairperson can use in a meeting when having to break a deadlock. After all the votes have been cast, if the votes are tied, the casting vote will fall to the Chairperson.
Can the Chairperson be removed and how?
Depending on your Scheme's Rules, the Chairperson of Scheme can be removed in one of two ways, either:
 - by ordinary resolution (majority vote) of owners at a general meeting of the Scheme – provided that the intention to vote upon this removal has been disclosed in the notice calling the meeting, or;
 - by majority vote of the committee members at a committee meeting.
Removal of the Chairperson from the office of Chairperson does not automatically remove him/her from the office as a committee member. The intention to vote upon the removal of the Chairperson from both offices would have to be disclosed in the notice calling the SGM (Special General Meeting) for the removal to be valid.
Does the Chairperson have to be present at the meeting? No, but then the Trustees must choose a temporary Chairperson for the duration of that meeting. The temporary Chairperson has the same voting rights as a normal Chairperson.
Does the Chairperson chair every meeting held with the committee members or the owners? The Chairperson is entitled to chair every committee meeting or owners' general meeting unless otherwise decided at such meeting.
Does the Chairperson make all the decisions? It is a common misconception that the Chairperson has carte blanche over decisions of the Scheme. This is not the case as no committee members have the power to make sole decisions. All decisions pertaining to the Scheme are to be discussed amongst the committee members and then decided upon by majority resolution, unless, a specific committee member has been given a mandate on a particular portfolio to make decisions on their own within certain pre-agreed parameters.
As briefly outlined earlier in this newsletter, each committee member, including the chairman, is entitled to one vote. The only instance where the chairman will have one additional vote is if the votes cast by all the committee members result in a deadlock. Therefore, the chairman has no veto right. He does not have the ability to overrule his fellow committee members. The only power he does have is that of tie-breaker and this power is strictly reserved for committee members' resolutions. When it comes to votes cast by the members to pass ordinary, special or unanimous resolutions the chairman's vote carries the exact same weight in number as that of any other member.
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Ivi Sims, AM.AIRAH
Building Environmental Wellness Group
Heat removal of VOC
In building construction, bake-out is the use of heat to remove volatile organic compounds (VOC) such as solvents remaining in paint, carpets, and other building materials after construction, to reduce annoying odours or improve indoor air quality. The building interior is heated to a much higher temperature than normal and kept at that temperature for an extended period of time to encourage such compounds to vaporise into the air, which is then vented (released to the atmosphere). The study of building bake-out has been established for more than 30 years. Sims will present an overview on how useful this technique can be to help expedite VOC from a building, but also the hazards of performing a bake-out and not expelling gases correctly. Sims will review two case studies from Townsville – one a new townhouse and the other an established townhouse where bake-outs were performed.


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Is it possible to find $n\times n$ matrices $M,N$ such that $(MN)^n=0$ but $(NM)^n\ne 0$?
I can see that $(MN)^n=0\implies (NM)^{n+1}= 0$ by associativity. But I don't see that it is necessarily true for $(NM)^n$.
I can also see that $MN=0\not\implies NM=0$ but I cannot find an example for $(MN)^n=0$ but $(NM)^n\ne 0$.
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
up vote 12 down vote accepted
No. As it turns out, $MN$ and $NM$ must have the same nonzero eigenvalues (although the multiplicities need not agree), so if $(MN)^n = 0$ then $MN$ has only zero eigenvalues, so the same must be true of $NM$, which must therefore have characteristic polynomial $t^n$.
One elegant proof uses the following lemma: in any ring, $1 - xy$ is invertible if and only if $1 - yx$ is invertible. Now use the fact that $\lambda$ is a nonzero eigenvalue of $MN$ if and only if $1 - \frac{MN}{\lambda}$ is not invertible.
Another proof proceeds as follows: let $M, N$ have entries $m_{ij}, n_{ij}$ which are formal variables in a polynomial ring $R = \mathbb{Z}[m_{ij}, n_{ij}]$. Observe that $$\det(Nt - NMN) = \det(N) \det(t - MN) = \det(t - NM) \det(N).$$
Since $R$ is an integral domain, we conclude that $$\det(t - MN) = \det(t - NM)$$
as polynomials in $R$. So in fact $MN$ and $NM$ must have the same characteristic polynomial. (Note, however, that the first proof is much more general; among other things, it remains valid in infinitely many dimensions.)
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+1, Nice answer! – wxu May 21 '12 at 14:18
On the other hand it is possible for smaller exponents than $n$ the size of the matrices, e.g. $MN$ might be zero while not $NM$. – hardmath May 21 '12 at 20:26
_USER_: yes, the OP mentions this so I assume he is already aware. – Qiaochu Yuan May 21 '12 at 20:28
See also here on the proof of $\ $ Sylvester's identity $\rm\ \ det(1+AB) = det(1+BA)\ $ that proceeds by taking $\rm\ det\ $ of $\rm\ (1+A\ B)\ A\ =\ A\ (1+B\ A)\ $ then universally (generically) cancelling $\rm\ det(A)\:,\ $ and see here for more examples of such universal proofs. – Bill Dubuque May 23 '12 at 22:13
See here for much more on $\rm\:1-xy\:$ invertible iff $\rm\:1-yx\:$ invertible, in particular Halmos' tantalizing problem to "explain" the very slick power series proof. – Bill Dubuque May 23 '12 at 22:19
You can combine your observation that $(MN)^n=0\implies (NM)^{n+1}=0$ with the result of this other question, showing that $(NM)^{n+1}=0\implies (NM)^n=0$.
share|improve this answer
Here's another proof of the fact which works over any field $F$ of characteristic $0$, where the following lemma applies:
Lemma. Let $u$ be an endomorphism of a finite dimensional $F$-vector space $V$. Then $u$ is nilpotent iff for all $k=1,\dots,n=\dim V$, $\mathrm{Tr}(u^k)=0$.
Suppose $M,N$ are $n\times n$ matrices with coefficients in a field of characteristic $0$ such that their product is nilpotent, i.e. $(MN)^n=0$. For any $k\geq 1$ $$0=\mathrm{Tr}((MN)^k)=\mathrm{Tr}((MN)^{k-1}MN)=\mathrm{Tr}(N(MN)^{k-1}M)=\mathrm{Tr}((NM)^k)$$ The lemma then implies that $NM$ is nilpotent aswell.
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In this paper, a novel variational framework is introduced toward automatic 3-D building reconstruction from remote-sensing data. We consider a subset of building models that involve the footprint, their elevation, and the roof type. These models, under a certain hierarchical representation, describe the space of solutions and, under a fruitful synergy with an inferential procedure, recover the observed scene's geometry. Such an integrated approach is defined in a variational context, solves segmentation both in optical images and digital elevation maps, and allows multiple competing priors to determine their pose and 3-D geometry from the observed data. The very promising experimental results and the performed quantitative evaluation demonstrate the potentials of our approach.


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Practical Methods for Reliability Data Analysis
This practical introduction to the analysis of data collected from reliability studies offers clear, detailed explanations of the best and most up-to-date techniques available. Topics include survival analysis with covariates, the assessment of systems performance, reliability growth models, dependency (which encompasses both engineering and statistical approaches), and practical aspects of analysis. A wealth of interesting case studies appear throughout the text, lending "real-world" examples to the more theoretical discussions. Throughout, the authors stress the need for investigators to understand the background and nature of their data if they are to select the most appropriate analysis method. They also provide in-depth treatments of the mathematical and statistical bases underlying each technique. Accessible and comprehensive, the book will be welcomed by students, professionals, and statisticians who are interested in the practical aspects of reliability data analysis.
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Introduction to reliability
Analysis of lifetimes with covariates
Models for repairable systems
Analysis of repairable systems
Growth and adaptive models
alternative Ansell approach appropriate approximation assess assumed asymptotic batch censored observations considered covariates Cox and Lewis cumulative hazard function cumulative number data analysis data collection databases defined denoted dependency equations Example exponential distribution failure rate failure time distribution function is given gamma gamma distribution given in Fig given in Table hazard function Hence identical components illustrated independent Laplace transform lifetime distribution likelihood function linear log likelihood matrix maximum likelihood estimation modules multivariate NHPP null hypothesis number of events number of failures objective obtained operate performance plot Poisson distribution possible probability density function problem proportional hazards model random variable reliability data reliability engineers reliability function reliability studies renewal process repairable systems residuals right censored ROCOF S-PLUS sample Section shape parameter sodium sulphur battery standard error structure function Subsection suggested system is given techniques test statistic trend truncated usually variance Weibull distribution Weibull regression model zero