How Much Does It Cost To Fly A 747 Per Hour?
How much does it cost to fill a 747 with fuel?
A full one is a moneymaker.
The jets also are too big for most markets..
How much fuel does a 747 use per hour?
What happens if you put jet fuel in a car?
Conversely, Jet-A wouldn't work in a gas engine. It would be like putting diesel fuel in your gas-powered car? it just won't run. However, Jet-A could be used in diesel-engine vehicles, but it lacks some of the lubricants found in road diesel fuel.
How much fuel does a 747 burn on takeoff?
According to the Boeing website, the 747 burns approximately 12 litres per kilometre. 747 can carry as many as 568 people. It can carry up to 238,840 litres of fuel.
How much do airlines pay for fuel?
U.S. airlines spent $3 billion on fuel in July 2019, benefiting from a 4 percent decrease in the average price per gallon year-to-date relative to 2018. Spending on jet fuel was 9 percent lower than it was in July 2018, according to the Airline Fuel Cost and Consumption data from BTS.
Do pilots prefer Boeing or Airbus?
I flew the Boeing 737 for 15 years and the Airbus A320 for six years and thoroughly enjoyed both of them. Each had their strong points and their not-so strong-points. The A320 was more comfortable on long flights, due to the larger flight deck and lack of a control column (it has a side stick).
How much does it cost to fill up a plane?
On average, aircraft fill up with an estimated 3,500 gallons of jet fuel, costing an estimated $7,070 (~£5,794). However, price can vary from $4,040 (~£3,311) on the low end to $14,140 (~£11,587) on the high end.
How much does it cost to fly a 747?
The most common is by referring to a generic "operating cost per flight hour" figure. Most of the (extremely) generic references I've seen using that metric for a Boeing 747–400 are in the US$25,000 per hour range.
How much does it cost to fly a 737 per hour?
An average flight on an American Airlines 737-800 costs $2,180 per hour. The plane burns 850 gallons per hour. Fuel costs $1,028 based on Jet-A fuel costing American $1.21 a gallon. A cockpit crew of two along with five flight attendants costs around $465 an hour.
Are Pilots rich?
How much does a gallon of jet fuel cost?
170.8 Cents (US dollars) per Gallon.
Why do planes have to burn off fuel before landing?


text: Porous concrete is used as a construction material in various applications mainly as a permeable cementitious material. However, its response under impact loading is generally not considered. Due to the high percentage of its intentional meso-size air pores, porous concrete has a moderate static strength compared to normal concrete while its dynamic performance is distinctive. Owing to its characteristic of forming multiple cracks, it fractures into small fragments when exposed to impact loading. Therefore, with the aim of designing a special type of concrete to be used in protective structures, porous concrete was investigated. In this study, the impact strengths of different types of porous concretes were analyzed in correlation with their mixture compositions and production technique. The dynamic experiments were performed using a drop weight impact test set-up while the measurements were taken through Laser Doppler velocimetry. According to the results obtained, the aggregate properties and compactive effort, which are coupled to porosity, are the main factors that affect the dynamic performance of porous concrete. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Coloured finishing coating made of cork and water based resins, with high thermal insulating power, water repellency and breathability. Eco-friendly and extremely elastic product, to be applied over any substrate, finish façades, thermal plasters and external thermal system.
Cork Render is an innovative coloured finishing coating, eco-friendly, and formulated with water based resins and fine cork particles. Cork Render provides thermal insulation, breathability, water repellency and elasticity. It can be used as coloured finish for façades and thermal plasters (such as Evolution) and external thermal insulation. Cork Render adheres to any kind of substrate and for this reason it can be used in many situations: wood, metal, plasters, synthetic materials, concrete substrates.
Cork Render contributes to the thermal insulation of the walls to which it is applied, while protecting façades from the absorption of rain-water. Cork Render allows walls to breathe, thus contributing to the internal living comfort. Its elasticity prevents development of cracks and lesions.
Cork Render is available in a wide range of colours and it can be tinted using water based colors to obtain and infinite color palette. It can be applied quickly and easily by trowel or traditional hopper gun.
- Eco-friendly solution.
- It contributes to the thermal insulation of façade.
- Water repellent: it impedes the water absorption by the masonry.
- Elastic: it does not crack.
- It allows to restore façades subjected to cracks and fessurations.
- Resistant to UV rays, weathering agents, marine and industrial environments.
YIELD: 1.00 kg/m² (at a thickness of 2 mm / 0.08 inch.)
DRYING TIME: 10 hrs (at 23°C / 73.4°F and 50% relative humidity)
Available in a 5 gallon pail.
Crack Bridging Ability: 2.5 mm.
Weathering Test resistance: 1680 hours without clear changes.
Thermal Conductivity: 0.086 W/mK.
Specific heat: 1800 J/kg K = 0.423 kcal/ kg °C.


text:
Tomb of Askia
Located in the region of Gao in Mali and built in the fifteenth century, the Tomb of Askia is a monument which is a testament to the wonders of a dynasty fell, for the accuracy of the Songhai dynasty. The tomb bears the name of the founder of the third dynasty and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. With its 17 meters high, the tomb is the most imposing monument of pre-colonial in the region, and is also the earliest example of Islamic style of architecture which later spread to the region and an example of how you are architecture fused Islam and North Africa. Regularly used as a mosque and cultural center for the city of Gao, the Tomb of Askia is definitely a must for anyone who goes on a visit to Mali.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Take the 2-minute tour ×
In movie Sin City the actor says
The wind rises, electric. She's soft and warm and almost weightless. Her perfume is a sweet promise that brings tears to my eyes.
I don't see what electric means here. Does it modify the wind? Is this an appositive usage here?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 8 down vote accepted
Yes, it qualifies the wind, you can read the sentence as: "The wind rises, it is electric."
It is meaning number 3 of the wiktionary definition of electric :
Being emotionally thrilling; electrifying.
Saying that the wind is electric is a way of qualifying the emotions the wind at this particular moment produces on people: it electrifies them, makes them maybe agitated, maybe thrilled, excited...
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) published on Monday (3) in the Official Gazette, normative instruction establishing phytosanitary requirements for imports of fruit or nine countries propagating material. The measure is aimed at plum, cherry, sour cherry, peach, apricot and nectarine from Argentina, Chile, Spain, USA, Portugal, Turkey, Italy, Israel and Iran.
Thus, the charges should be accompanied by phytosanitary certificate attesting that the products are free of Plum Pox Virus plague. The inspection will be made in the loading destination. If the presence of the pest is detected, the fruit will be destroyed or denied. The purpose of the requirement is to prevent the entry of the disease in Brazil via international trade.
According to the director of the Department of Plant Protection Map, Marcus Vinicius Coelho, the Plum Pox Virus is one of the most devastating diseases of stone fruit production around the world, being responsible for high productivity reductions and quality of orchards.


text:
|coefficient of variation|
Information about financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit.
Main Page: credit, finance, money, business, accounting, inventory control, tax advisor, investment,
Definition of coefficient of variation
coefficient of variation
a measure of risk used when the standard deviations for multiple projects are approximately
A measurement of the extent to which the returns on a given stock move with stock market.
a measure of dispersion that indicates the degree of relative association existing between two variables
A measure of the goodness of fit of the relationship between the dependent and
a measure of dispersion that
A standardized statistical measure of the dependence of two random variables,
A measure of the tendency of two variables to change values
A statistic in which the covariance is scaled to a
The correlation between predicted and actual stock returns, sometimes used to
a number (prefaced as a multiplier
An additional required deposit to bring an investor's equity account up to the initial margin
regression analysis a statistical technique that minimizes the sum of the squared deviations between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables and provides the user
Related to : financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Build Your NMC CBT Study
Hey there! So, you're all set to take the NMC CBT exam, huh? That's awesome! Just wanted to let you know how important this preparation journey is for you as a nurse or midwife looking to practice in the UK. Nailing this exam shows how skilled you are and opens up some fantastic career opportunities in the healthcare field.Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!
The great thing about this preparation is that it's not just about cramming facts and figures. Our priority is your ability to provide exceptional patient care. Once you've aced this exam, you'll be ready to deliver fantastic healthcare services in line with UK standards and regulations.
NMC CBT Study Plan
Step 1: Assess Your Current Knowledge
Before preparing, take a diagnostic test to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Understanding your areas of improvement will guide your study plan.
Step 2: Gather Study Materials
Equip yourself with high-quality study materials, including textbooks, online resources, and practice questions. Choose reputable sources that align with the NMC CBT syllabus.
Step 3: Set Specific Goals
Establish clear and achievable goals for each study session. Breaking down your preparation into manageable milestones ensures steady progress.
Step 4: Divide Your Study Time
Allocate dedicated study blocks for each subject or module. This balanced approach allows you to cover all essential topics within time.
Step 5: Daily Study Sessions
Consistency is key to success. Plan daily study sessions of 2-3 hours, with short breaks to maintain focus and avoid burnout.
Step 6: Create a Study Environment
Designate a quiet and comfortable study space to enhance productivity and retention.
Step 7: Subject-Wise Preparation
7.1. Listening Module
Master the Listening module by familiarizing yourself with various accents and note-taking techniques. Practice with multiple listening tests.
7.2. Reading Module
Enhance reading speed and comprehension with diverse texts. Practice answering questions based on different reading materials.
7.3. Writing Module
Excel in the Writing module by learning effective essay and report structuring. Regularly practice writing on various topics.
7.4. Speaking Module
Build fluency and confidence in the Speaking module. Engage in regular speaking practice with friends or language partners.
Step 8: Weekly Reviews
Conduct weekly reviews to track progress. Identify weak points and focus on targeted revision.
Step 9: Full-Length Practice Tests
Simulate actual exam conditions with full-length practice tests. Build stamina and familiarize yourself with the test format.
Step 10: Revision and Final Preparations
In the final weeks, concentrate on revision: review notes, practice questions, and key concepts to boost confidence.
To help you stay organized and focused, we've designed an eight-week timetable that covers all essential study areas. Follow this schedule diligently, and you'll be well-prepared to ace the NMC CBT exam confidently.
Week 1: Orientation and Diagnostic Test
- Familiarize yourself with the NMC CBT exam format and syllabus.
- Consider taking a diagnostic test to evaluate your understanding and identify areas for improvement.
- Gather study materials and resources.
Week 2: Listening Module
- Begin with the Listening module. Practice different question types.
- Engage in listening exercises to improve your comprehension skills.
- Solve practice tests to sharpen your ability to extract essential information from audio recordings.
Week 3: Reading Module
- Focus on the Reading module. Work on improving reading speed and comprehension.
- Practice answering various reading questions, including multiple-choice, true/false/not given, and short answer questions.
- Read various texts to broaden your vocabulary and understanding of different topics.
Week 4: Writing Module
- Master the Writing module. Learn how to structure essays and reports effectively.
- Practice writing articles on diverse topics, and seek feedback to enhance your writing skills.
- Work on time management to complete both tasks within the allocated time.
Week 5: Speaking Module
- Concentrate on the Speaking module. Practice speaking fluently on various topics.
- Engage in mock interviews with friends or language partners to build confidence.
- Record yourself answering common speaking topics for self-assessment and improvement.
Week 6: Full-Length Practice Test
- Take your first full-length practice test to simulate actual exam conditions.
- Evaluate your performance, and identify areas that need more attention.
- Analyze your mistakes and learn from them.
Week 7: Subject-Wise Revision
- Focus on the targeted revision of weak areas in each module.
- Review notes, practice questions, and critical concepts.
- Engage in additional practice tests to reinforce your understanding.
Week 8: Final Preparations
- Take another full-length practice test to gauge your progress.
- Finalize your preparations and build confidence in your abilities.
- Prioritize self-care and relaxation to stay calm and focused on the exam day.
Exam Day: Good Luck!
- Stay positive and confident during the exam.
- Read and follow instructions carefully.
- Trust in your preparation, and give it your best effort.
Remember, consistency and dedication throughout these eight weeks are vital for success. Maintain a healthy study routine, take breaks when needed, and seek support from friends or study groups. With this well-structured timetable, you'll be ready to showcase your knowledge and skills in the NMC CBT exam. Best of luck on your journey to becoming a qualified nurse or midwife in the UK!


Shot glass
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Jigger (unit))
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Three shot glasses of varying shape and size
Shot glasses with a variety of designs. Shot glasses such as these are often collected as novelty items
A shot glass is a small glass designed to hold or measure spirits or liquor, which is either drunk straight from the glass ("a shot") or poured into a cocktail. A "shot" of liquor is not the same as a "shooter".
Name origin[edit]
The Oxford English Dictionary's first citation for the term "shot glass" is in The New York Times during the 1940s, but the earliest known written reference was in a 1913 book by Dr. Jehu Z. Powell, " A History of Cass County Indiana from its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time" [Lewis Publishing Company, 1913]. On page 655 Dr. Powell recounts an incident c. 1857 in the small town of New Waverly, Indiana, occasioned by a local man attempting to open a saloon against fierce local temperance opposition. The initial stock was a barrel of whiskey, which had arrived by train and was sitting on the open freight platform awaiting delivery to the would-be barkeeper. A local man who was an ardent temperance supporter fired his rifle from an upper floor window in his house and shot a hole in the barrel, draining it of its contents. "The remedy was effectual, and the saloon was not opened, and ever after, when the boys wanted a drink they would ask for a'shot of redeye.'" New Waverly is located just outside of Logansport, Indiana, which was an important transportation hub for northern Indiana in the 19th century as a riverboat port on the Wabash River and a stop on the Wabash and Erie Canal, as well as an important railroad engine maintenance and repair center during the first half of the 20th century. This intensive involvement in transportation could account for the gradual dissemination of an otherwise obscure local expression over a much broader geographic area.
Several examples also exist from the 1930s.[1][2] However, although it was used by some,[3][4] the term apparently did not come into common usage until much later.
Many references from the 1800s describe giving a jigger of whiskey or rum to workers who were digging canals. Most shot glasses are found in the United States, but shot glasses from before the 1940s are very rare.[5]
Before Prohibition in the U.S. in the early to mid 1900s, thin-sided whiskey glasses were common. After Prohibition, these were replaced by shot glasses with a thick base and thick sides.[citation needed]
Because the word shot also means "dose" or "small amount", it may simply be that these small glasses are called shot glasses because they hold small, powerful amounts. However, there are a range of more complex stories about the origin of the style of glass and its name. Few of them stand up to much scrutiny – either they place the origin decades before the term appeared in print, or they describe an item that had nothing to do with drinking liquor:
Country Small Single Double Notes
Australia 30 mL 60 mL A single shot is sometimes called a "nip".[6] At 30 mL, a typical spirit with 40 percent alcohol is roughly equivalent to one Australian standard drink.[7]
Canada 28.41 mL (1 ounce[8][not in citation given]) is a short shot (pony shot) 42.61 mL (1.5 ounces) 71 mL (2.5 ounces) In Canada, a "shot" generally refers to the province's definition of a "standard drink" under liquor licenses. Although sizes may vary, most provinces cite amounts similar to Ontario's guidelines of 0.6 oz. or 17 mL of pure alcohol; since a "shot" is typically a spirit with 40 percent alcohol, this makes the shot 1.5 oz. or 42.62 mL (though many establishments serve a lower "standard drink" of only 1 oz.).[9] A double shot in North America may be either 2.5 or 3.0 fluid ounces.[10] A smaller 1.0 fl. oz. shot is usually referred to as a "pony shot" or "short shot".[11]
Finland 40 mL In Finland, the maximum amount of strong alcohol restaurants are allowed to serve is regulated by law to one 40 mL portion at a time per customer. Doubles cannot be legally served.[citation needed]
Germany 20 mL 40 mL In Germany, shot glasses (German: Schnapsglas, Pinnchen, Stamperl) are smaller.[citation needed]
Greece 45 mL 90 mL A shot is commonly referred to as a "sfinaki" and it can be made of one liquor or a cocktail mix. There is also an 3 oz - "bottoms up" version of "sfinaki", called "ipovrihio", Greek word for submarine. It's served in a standard liquor glass half full of blonde beer, where the bartender adds a glass shot filled with vodka or whiskey.[citation needed]
Hungary 20 or 30 mL 40 or 50 mL 80 or 100 mL In Hungarian, shot glasses are called felespohár (feles meaning "half", standing for 0.5 dL), pálinkáspohár (for pálinka), kupica or stampedli.[citation needed]
India 30 mL 30 mL 60 mL A shot is commonly referred to as a "peg", and is measured as a "small" (chhota), or a "large" (bud-da) peg. A 90 mL shot in India is called a Patiala peg.[citation needed]
Ireland 35.5 mL 71 mL Derived from the use of a quarter-gill (35.516 mL) as the traditional Irish spirit measure.[citation needed]
Israel 30 mL 50 or 60 mL In Israel, the common word for a small shot is צ'ייסר ("chaser").[citation needed]
Italy 30 mL 40 or 60 mL In Italy, the common word for a shot is cicchetto or, more informally and used mainly in nightclubs by young people, shortino. In North Italy, the cicchetto is the most-common way to taste grappa from at least two centuries.[citation needed]
Poland 25 mL 50 mL 100 mL To take shots in Polish slang is to take po pięćdziesiątce, meaning to take "by fifties" (50 mL).[citation needed]
Romania 50 mL 100 mL A single shot is traditionally known in the Romanian language as unu mic (una mică) or cinzeacă, meaning "a small one". A double shot is simply called unu (una mare), meaning "one (big)".[citation needed]
Serbia 20 mL 30-50 mL 50–70 mL A single shot is traditionally known in the Serbian language as чашица за ракију and ракијска чашица, meaning "small glass for rakija" and "rakija glass", or simply as мера – мерица, meaning "measure". A double shot is simply called Дупли, meaning "a double", while the smallest, 20 milliliter glass, is known as dvojka meaning "two".[citation needed]
Sweden 20 mL 40 mL 60 mL A single shot is referred to as a fyra, meaning "a four" and a double is referred to as a sexa, meaning "a six", as Swedes will generally use centiliters rather than milliliters for any measure larger than 10 mL[citation needed]
Slovakia 20 or 25 mL 40 or 50 mL 80 or 100 mL The most-common single-shot size is the pol deci (literally, "half a decilitre", 50 mL).[citation needed]
South Africa 25 mL The South African government has an official definition for the single-shot size.[citation needed]
United Kingdom 25 or 35 mL 50 or 70 mL Shots sold on-premises must contain either 25 mL or 35 mL measures of whisky, gin, rum, or vodka, as defined in the Weights and Measures Act of 1985. This requirement does not extend to other spirits. A 2001 amendment allowed a double shot of 70 mL to be served. Generally, a single measure is equal to 35 mL in Northern Ireland and 25 mL in the rest of the United Kingdom.[12]
United States 30 mL (1.0 US fl oz) 44 mL (1.5 US fl oz) 89 mL (3.0 US fl oz) There is no standard size for a single shot, except in Utah, where a shot is defined at 1.5 fl. oz.[13] Elsewhere in the U.S., the standard size is generally considered to be 1.25–1.


text:
- What happens if you eat a lot of wasabi?
- Is wasabi like horseradish?
- Why does wasabi hurt?
- Is wasabi addictive?
- Why is wasabi eaten with sushi?
- Is wasabi good for your liver?
- Can wasabi kill virus?
- How do I buy real wasabi?
- Why is wasabi so expensive?
- Why do sushi restaurants serve ginger?
- Is wasabi bad for your heart?
- How healthy is wasabi?
- Will wasabi kill my dog?
- Why does horseradish hurt my brain?
- Is wasabi good for colds?
What happens if you eat a lot of wasabi?
Too much wasabi leads to 'broken heart syndrome' in 60-year-old woman.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a weakening of the heart's left ventricle — its main pumping chamber.
It's often called "broken heart syndrome.".
Is wasabi like horseradish?
Wasabi is similar in many ways to common horseradish. In fact, wasabi is sometimes even referred to as Japanese horseradish. And in Japan, horseradish is known as seiyō wasabi – or western wasabi.
Why does wasabi hurt?
The pungent ingredient in wasabi that causes the nasal burning sensation is allyl isothiocyanate, a chemical also found in mustard and horseradish. The toxicity of allyl isothiocyanate is low, and it is not considered a human carcinogen. It has been produced commercially for more than 60 years.
Is wasabi addictive?
Wasabi Mame(わさび豆): Wasabi peas They are simply dried green peas covered with spicy wasabi coating. The most common product is green peas but sometimes dried beans are used instead. As you might already know, wasabi is very healthy and also gives you some fresh taste. … Wasabi peas are very addictive.
Why is wasabi eaten with sushi?
The Japanese Sushi Chef in Japan will add wasabi into Sushi and Sashimi. Have you wondered why? The most easy-to-spot effect after adding a pinch of wasabi into Sushi and Sashimi is that it will reduce the fishy smell from the food (because the dish uses raw fish). The next effect you will find is when you have a bite.
Is wasabi good for your liver?
Another study in Nutrition Research and Practice has also shown that wasabi can help reduce weight, prevent obesity, and even inhibit fatty buildup in the liver. All of which is good news for wasabi fans who are looking to show their livers a little love.
Can wasabi kill virus?
The unique flavor of wasabi comes from complex chemical mixtures including methlthioalkyl isothiocyanates. German researchers have shown that the hydrolysis of chemicals in wasabi inhibit microbe growth. Studies show wasabi can kill many kind of bacteria and viruses, such as E. coli O-157, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V.
How do I buy real wasabi?
Where to buy real wasabi?Wasabi paste in a squeeze tube. This should be sold and shipped frozen. … Powdered wasabi. This is less expensive than the paste variety, but also less good. … Wasabi rhizome which you have to grate yourself with a grater, preferably a shark skin paddle.
Why is wasabi so expensive?
Wasabi plants require very specific conditions to grow and thrive: constant running spring water, shade, rocky soil, and temperatures between 46 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit year-round. Wasabi is hard to grow, which makes it rare, which makes it expensive, which means you eat green horseradish and don't know until now.
Why do sushi restaurants serve ginger?
Traditionally, pickled ginger (or gari) is served as a palate cleanser during a meal made up of several courses of sushi. A bite of ginger between the different pieces of sushi allows you to distinguish the distinct flavors of each fish.
Is wasabi bad for your heart?
People take wasabi by mouth for heart disease, cancer, stomach pain, indigestion (dyspepsia), and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Wasabi is used in food as a spice.
How healthy is wasabi?
The compounds in wasabi have been analyzed for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties in test-tube and animal studies. They have also been researched for their ability to promote fat loss, as well as bone and brain health.
Will wasabi kill my dog?
Science Behind Dogs and Wasabi Although wasabi is not inherently toxic for dogs, you should never give it to your dog as a treat or to see if they like it. Spicy foods can upset your dog's stomach, burn their mouths, and even cause them gas and bloating.
Why does horseradish hurt my brain?
While capsaicin is responsible for the burn in peppers, allyl isothiocyanate produces the nasal flaring sensation to which wasabi and horseradish are known. … The TRPA1 receptors in the nasal cavity recognize Allyl Isothiocyanate and sends a pain signal to the brain.
Is wasabi good for colds?
Spicy foods can make our noses run and our eyes water, but they're also effective natural decongestants. Eating chili peppers, wasabi, or horseradish can help relieve the symptoms of congestion.


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Includes Expert Content
Does height make any difference???
JeannieY posted:
Hi Rich,
I've always wondered how a person's height may or may not figure into the calories burned/exertion required? For example, I'm only 5'-1" and I normally run at 6.5 to 7mph for 45 minutes to an hour. Would a person who's 5'-6" for example, weighing the same and running at the same speed really burn the same number of calories? It seems over-simplified to calculate calories burned solely based on weight alone. Since my legs are shorter, I would have to work harder (taking more steps) than a taller person, doesn't that make any difference?
Maybe what I'm asking is a stupid question, but I've always wondered.
Rich Weil, MEd, CDE responded:
Hi Jeannie,
It's a good question. Theoretically, if you weigh the same, then the calories burned will be very similar. The basic physics of it is: work equals force x distance. That is, work equals the number of calories burned, force is body weight, and distance is miles (or however you measure your distance). You can see that body weight is the variable that has the effect on calories burned. With that said, there is biomechanical efficiency to consider. The person who is more efficient will burn fewer calories. That is, if your gait is different, which it could be with height differences (or no height difference), then there will be some effect. For instance, running when you are taller might involve more up and down motion of the hips which would be less efficient. More side-to-side motion would cause energy expenditure to be different. Foot strike can have an effect, and so can lateral distance between the feet during the landing (when feet land right in front of each other it's less efficient than wider because balance is easier when the base is wider. There's also the propulsive forces of pushing off to consider, which are affected by what are called the 'lever arms' (long or short levers), which are determined by the length of bones and the attachments of the tendons into the bones (less efficient lever arms, where greater force is necessary to propel the limb, will be a factor). Of course, attachments of the tendons could make up for bone length, and efficiency of the gait could make up for some of this too - the most efficient gait is one where the timing is such that the leg and arm swing are as smooth as a pendulum (a short leg could still be much less efficient than a long one). Stability and posture all have an effect as well. Less stability in the gait, or poorer posture, will cause more calories to be burned. And of course, the more fit you are the less likely you are to fatigue, and fatigue will have a detrimental effect on efficiency. There are even more factors to consider, but you get the idea.
So the answer isn't simple, and unless you could enter all of these factors into the equation, then the only real way to know for sure is to compare the two individuals in a lab where you can measure energy expenditure with the proper equipment and under controlled conditions.
I hope that helps!
JeannieY responded:
Thanks Rich. It's a lot more complicated than I thought.
Rich Weil, MEd, CDE replied to JeannieY's response:
You're welcome. It is complicated, but one simple thing you could do is compare heart rates. The correlation between heart rates and calories burned is fairly good and so you could get at least a ballpark estimate of who is burning more.
Take care,
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text:
Table Of Contents
Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A Mobile Wireless Edge Router Rack-Mounting Instructions
Product Numbers: MWR 1941-DC-A
This document describes how to rack mount the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A router and contains the following sections:
Note Use this document in conjunction with the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A Mobile Wireless Edge Router Hardware Installation Guide and the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A Mobile Wireless Edge Router Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information document for your router.
Follow these guidelines to ensure general safety:
-Never wear loose clothing, jewelry (rings, bracelets, or chains), or other items that could get caught in the shelf housing during handling and use.
-Keep the area clear and dust-free during and after installation.
-Keep tools away from walk areas where you or others might fall over them.
-Wear safety glasses when working under any conditions that might be hazardous to your eyes.
-Do not perform any action that creates a potential hazard to people or makes the equipment unsafe.
Safety warnings appear throughout this publication in procedures that, if performed incorrectly, might harm you. A warning symbol precedes each warning statement. The safety warnings provide safety guidelines that you should follow when working with any equipment that connects to electrical power or telephone wiring. The warnings include translations in several languages. (See the Cisco Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A Mobile Wireless Edge Router for detailed information about compliance guidelines and translated safety warnings.)
Warning Read the installation instructions before connecting the system to the power source. Statement 1004
Warning Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, or service this equipment. Statement 1030
Warning Before working on a chassis or working near power supplies, unplug the power cord on AC units; disconnect the power at the circuit breaker on DC units. Statement 12
Warning Ultimate disposal of this product should be handled according to all national laws and regulations. Statement 1040
Safety with Electricity
Warning Before performing any of the following procedures, ensure that power is removed from the DC circuit. Statement 1003
Warning This unit is intended for installation in restricted access areas. A restricted access area can be accessed only through the use of a special tool, lock and key, or other means of security.
Warning To avoid electric shock, do not connect safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuits to telephone-network voltage (TNV) circuits. LAN ports contain SELV circuits, and WAN ports contain TNV circuits. Some LAN and WAN ports both use RJ-45 connectors. Statement 1021
Warning Before working on equipment that is connected to power lines, remove jewelry (including rings, necklaces, and watches). Metal objects will heat up when connected to power and ground and can cause serious burns or weld the metal object to the terminals. Statement 43
Warning Before working on a chassis or working near power supplies, unplug the power cord on AC units; disconnect the power at the circuit breaker on DC units. Statement 12
Warning Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity. Statement 1001
Follow these guidelines when working on equipment powered by electricity:
-Locate the room's emergency power-off switch. Then, if an electrical accident occurs, you can quickly turn off the power.
-Before working on the system, turn off the DC main circuit breaker and disconnect the power terminal block cable.
-Disconnect all power before doing the following:
–Working on or near power supplies
–Installing or removing a router chassis or network processor module
–Performing most hardware upgrades
-Never install equipment that appears damaged.
-Carefully examine your work area for possible hazards, such as moist floors, ungrounded power extension cables, and missing safety grounds.
-Never assume that power is disconnected from a circuit; always check.
-Never perform any action that creates a potential hazard to people or makes the equipment unsafe.
-If an electrical accident occurs, proceed as follows:
–Use caution, and do not become a victim yourself.
–Turn off power to the router.
–If possible, send another person to get medical aid. Otherwise, determine the condition of the victim, and then call for help.
–Determine whether the person needs rescue breathing or external cardiac compressions; then take appropriate action.
In addition, use the following guidelines when working with any equipment that is disconnected from a power source, but still connected to telephone wiring or network cabling:
-Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm.
-Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for it.
-Never touch un-insulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line is disconnected at the network interface.
-Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.
Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage equipment and impair electrical circuitry. ESD can occur when electronic printed circuit cards are improperly handled and can cause complete or intermittent failures. Always follow ESD prevention procedures when removing and replacing modules:
-Ensure that the router chassis is electrically connected to earth ground.
-Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap, ensuring that it makes good skin contact. Connect the clip to an unpainted surface of the chassis frame to channel unwanted ESD voltages safely to ground. To guard against ESD damage and shocks, the wrist strap and cord must operate effectively.
-If no wrist strap is available, ground yourself by touching a metal part of the chassis.
Caution For the safety of your equipment, periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic wrist strap. It should be between 1 and 10 Mohm.
Rack-Mounting Configuration Guidelines
The following information will help you plan your equipment rack configuration:
-When mounting the router to an equipment rack, ensure that the rack is bolted to the floor.
-Because you will probably be installing more than one router into the rack, ensure that the combined weight of all the installed routers does not make the rack unstable.
Caution Some equipment racks are also secured to ceiling brackets, if necessary, due to the weight of the equipment in the rack. Make sure that the rack you are using to install the routers is secured to the building structure.
-Maintain a 6-inch (15.2-cm) clearance at the front and rear of the router to ensure adequate air intake and exhaust.
-Avoid installing the routers in a congested rack. Air flowing to or from other routers in the rack might interfere with the normal flow of cooling air through the routers, increasing the potential for overtemperature conditions within the routers.
-Allow at least 19 inches (48.7 cm) of clearance at the front and rear of the rack for router maintenance.
-Follow your local practices for cable management. Ensure that cables to and from the routers do not impede access for equipment maintenance or upgrades.
Mounting the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A Router
Typically, each Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A router has had the rack-mounting brackets installed at the factory. If your router did not come with the rack-mounting brackets installed, the rack-mounting bracket kit may have been separately packaged with your router (see Required Tools and Equipment section on this page). You can only front (flush) mount the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A router in a 19-inch (48.3-cm) equipment rack that conforms to the EIA-310-D specification (the inside width of the rack should be 17.72 to 17.80 inches [45 to 45.21 cm]). Mount the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A router to the brackets as described in the "Attaching the Rack-Mounting Brackets" section. The rack-mount brackets are slotted to allow the router to be mounted in racks with EIA 1.25-inch (3.81-cm) or WECO 1.0-inch (2.54-cm) hole spacing. When installed in the rack, the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A router requires one EIA 1.75-inch (4.4-cm) vertical mounting space (or 1 rack unit [RU]) for mounting.
Caution Clearance in the front and rear of the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A router must be allowed for cooling air to be drawn in through the left and right front sides and circulated through the chassis and out the four fan exhaust ports mounted on the rear of the chassis.
Required Tools and Equipment
In addition to the rack-mounting brackets, you will need the following tools and equipment to rack-mount the router:
Warning Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install or replace this equipment.
-ESD-preventive cord and wrist strap.
-Number 2 Phillips screwdriver.
-Flat-blade screwdrivers: small, 3/16-inch (0.476 cm) and medium, 1/4-inch (0.625 cm).
–To install or remove modules
–To remove the cover, if you are upgrading memory or other components
-#12-24 pan-head screws to secure the router to your equipment rack.
-Cables for connection to the 2-port T1/E1-RAN ports.
Note For more information on cable specifications, see "Cable Specifications," of the Cisco MWR 1941-DC-A Mobile Wireless Edge Router Hardware Installation Guide.
-Ethernet hub or PC with a network interface card for connection to the Ethernet (LAN) port(s).
-Console terminal (an ASCII terminal or a PC running terminal emulation software) that is configured for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity,


text:
Date: December 2009
Creator: Myers, Joyce Eady
Description: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which faith-based preschools promote spiritual development in preschoolers. The participants in the study were faith-based early childhood teachers and administrators from seven states. Early childhood professionals representing 11 Christian faith traditions completed written surveys or online surveys. A total of 201 faith-based educators completed the survey; 20 respondents participated in semi-structured interviews. The concurrent triangulation mixed-method design provided data on 8 program dimensions which support children's spiritual development: prayer, Bible literacy, worship, building character, service opportunities, assessment, parental involvement and context. I analyzed quantitative data using descriptive and inferential statistics. All items were examined using mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentages. Qualitative data gathered from semi-structured interviews were coded and analyzed using NVivo8® qualitative analysis software (QSR International, Inc., Cambridge, MA, _URL_). From this data I identified the extent to which faith-based preschool programs support children's spiritual development through the practices of prayer, Bible literacy, worship, building character, service opportunities, assessment, parental involvement and context. Data analyses revealed statistically significant differences in faith-based teachers' hours of training in children's spiritual development across all program practice dimensions. A key finding of the study was that training in children's spiritual development...
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries


text:
S7 Technical Assistance
Eastern prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera leucophaea)
Determining whether eastern prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera leucophaea) may be present in a proposed project area in the following northeastern Illinois counties: Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry and Will.
|Photo by Mike Redmer
As part of Step 1 of the S7 process, you checked the Illinois species list and found that eastern prairie fringed orchid is present in the county where your proposed project is located. The next step is to determine whether eastern prairie fringed orchid "may be present" in the action area of your proposed project. Below is guidance to help you make that determination.
Habitat: The eastern prairie fringed orchid (orchid) occurs in a wide variety of habitats, from wet to mesic prairie or wetland communities, including, but not limited to sedge meadow, fen, marsh, or marsh edge. It can occupy a very wide moisture gradient of prairie and wetland vegetation. It requires full sun for optimal growth and flowering, which ideally would restrict it to grass and sedge dominated plant communities. However, in some plant communities where there are encroaching species such as cattail and/or dogwood, the orchid may be interspersed or within the edge zones of these communities and thus can sometimes occur in partially shaded areas. The substrate of the sites where this orchid occurs include glacial soils, lake plain deposits, muck, or peat which could range from more or less neutral to mildly calcareous (Bowles et al. 2005, USFWS 1999). In some cases, the species may also occur along ditches or roadways where this type of habitat is present.
Processes that maintain habitats in early or mid-successional phases may be important in providing the sunny, open conditions required by the orchid (USFWS 1999). Sedge meadow and marsh habitats that support this orchid are usually earlyor midsuccessional because of past grazing, drainage, or soil disturbance. Patch disturbances that expose the soil to this orchid's seeds, and reduce competition from established plants, may be needed for seedling establishment.
Hawkmoths are the pollinators of this orchid species. In Illinois the hawkmoth, Sphinx eremitus is a confirmed pollinator although there may be others. Eumorpha pandorus and Eumorpha achemon have been confirmed as pollinators in other states. Host plants for the caterpillars of Sphinx eremitus include various species of beebalm (Monarda spp.), mints (Mentha spp.), bugleweed (Lycopus spp.) and sage (Salvia spp.).
Follow the steps below to determine whether the eastern prairie fringed orchid may be present in the action area of your proposed project. This guidance is specific to Cook, Lake, McHenry, DuPage, Kane, and Will counties in northeastern Illinois.
1) Define the action area – all areas to be affected directly or indirectly by the Federal action and not just in the immediate area involved in the action. (For example: downstream areas, adjacent off-site wetlands, etc.)
2) Does the action area support any wet to mesic prairie or wetland
communities including, but not limited to sedge meadow, fen, or marsh edges?
If the answer is yes, go to number 3 (below). If the answer is no, conclude that "the eastern prairie fringed orchid is not present," document your finding for your records or provide this information to the federal action agency. No further consultation is required.
3) Conduct a floristic quality assessment for the proposed project site during the growing season or use a previous assessment that is not more than three years old and was conducted during the growing season.
4) If any wetland in the action area is determined to be high quality, (a Floristic Quality Index of 20 or greater and/or a Native Mean C of 3.5 or greater) proceed to number 5 (below) or contact the Chicago Field Office for further consultation.
Wetlands that are not high quality will not support eastern prairie fringed orchid. For those wetlands, conclude that "the eastern prairie fringed orchid is not present," document your finding for your records or provide this information to the federal action agency. No further consultation is required for those wetlands.
5) Compare the plant species list generated for each high quality wetland with our Associate Plant Species List for the Eastern Prairie Fringed Orchid. If four or more associates are listed, then proceed to number 6. If not, high quality wetlands that support three or less eastern prairie fringed orchid associate plant species are unlikely to support eastern prairie fringed orchids. Conclude that "the eastern prairie fringed orchid is not present" and document your finding for your records or provide this information to the federal action agency. No further consultation is necessary for those wetlands.
6) The eastern prairie fringed orchid may be present in your action area. You may either assume that the eastern prairie fringed orchid is present and proceed to Step 2 of the Section 7 Consultation Process or conduct a field search during the bloom date of the orchid; June 28 through July 11. Because northeastern Illinois orchid populations bloom sporadically rather than all plants blooming at the same time, searches should be conducted on a minimum of three non-consecutive days within this time period. Please notify the Chicago Field Office before conducting your survey.
7) If you assume that the eastern prairie fringed orchid may be present in the action area or a field search proves that the orchid is present, the next step in the S7 Consultation Process is to determine whether the proposed action may affect any eastern prairie fringed orchids. Go to Step 2 of the S7 Consultation Process to begin that determination.
Please contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Chicago Illinois Field Office if you for more information or if you have any questions.
Chicago Illinois Field Office
1250 South Grove, Suite 103
Barrington, Illinois 60010
Phone: 847/_PHONE_, ext. 20
1Swink, F. and G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago Region, 4th ed. Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis. 921pp.
Step 1 of the Section 7 Process
Section 7 Technical Assistance


text:
A View of the Castle of Glammiss from the North East
Artist: Elphinstone, John
Medium: Ink on paper
View of Glamis Castle in Tayside, Scotland. Glamis Castle has been the home of the Earls of Strathmore and Kinghorne since 1372 when Sir John Lyon married King Robert II of Scotland's daughter Joanna. Lyon, who was the King's Keeper of the Privy Seal, was created Thame of Glamis and was granted considerable lands on which the castle was built. Originally Glamis Castle was a four storey tower house with battlements however in the 17th century it was restructured; the tower was heightened and roofed and two wings were added. In 1767 the 9th Earl of Glamis married Mary Eleanor Bowes and the family name changed to Bowes-Lyon. The castle was the childhood home of the late Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother.


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AnswerWorks 4.0 Runtime - English
What is AnswerWorks Runtime - English? (from Vantage Linguistics)
iSEEK AnswerWorks™ is a search application developed by Vantage Linguistics (formerly distributed by Wextech product). The Answerworks™ product allows product development teams and help system authors to enrich their existing help systems with linguistic and natural language based search. When embedded in a local or on... Read more
AnswerWorks 4.0 Runtime - English is a program developed by Vantage Linguistics. In comparison to the total number of users, most PCs are running the OS Windows 7 (SP1) as well as Windows Vista (SP2). While about 99% of users of AnswerWorks Runtime - English come from the United States, it is also popular in Canada and Spain.
Program detailsProgram details
URL: _URL_
Installation folder: C:\Program Files\Vantage Software Technologies\AnswerWorks 4.0 Runtime - English
Language: English
How do I remove AnswerWorks Runtime - English?
Quickly and completely remove AnswerWorks 4.0 Runtime - English from your computer by downloading "Should I Remove It?", its 100% FREE and installs in seconds (click the button below).
Or, you can uninstall AnswerWorks Runtime - English from your computer by using the Add/Remove Program feature in the Window's Control Panel.
 - Windows XP: Click Add or Remove Programs.
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Windows 7 35.81%
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98.89% of installs come from the United States
Which countries install it?
 United States 98.89%
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user comment


text: A very new interconnection method, namely Cu lateralinterconnection is proposed and tested for the heterogeneous multi-chip module integration in which MEMS and LSI chips are self assembled onto the flexible substrate. Here, the lateral interconnects runs between a few hundred microns thick chip and the Si or flexible substrates as well as at inter chip level. These Cu lateral interconnects were fabricated via conventional electroplating technique. As formed single as well as daisy chain lateral interconnects (both are crossingover the thick test chips that are face-up bonded onto the flexible substrates by self-assembly) were characterized for their electrical characteristics. We have obtained a low resistance values for the Cu lateral interconnects which are close to the calculated values. Further, a module contains RF test chips that are interconnected by this unique Cu lateralinterconnections has been tested for the operation.


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I'm wondering what the reason for the mispronunciation of 円 in English came to be "yen". I can understand how some words like 東京 became "Tokyo", but "en" to "yen" seems strange. On a side note, why is this symbol 「￥」 used to denote currency? And would you pronounce that the same as 円 as well?
share|improve this question
Actually, this is a question about English rather than a question about Japanese. Also partly about the currency Japanese Yen, the area where it is used is not exactly the same as that of Japanese language (Just like the distribution of American dollar is not the same as that of English). – user458 Jun 20 '12 at 0:36
_USER_ I think asking how the two symbols act (in Japanese) could pass as an acceptable question without any problems though. – atlantiza Jun 20 '12 at 0:47
_USER_ That is the side note part. Not the main part. If the question is edited as to leave only that part, then it would be different. – user458 Jun 20 '12 at 0:55
_USER_: However Atlantiza's second comment could not have resulted from ELU... – Chris Harris Jun 20 '12 at 15:22
_USER_: The reason is from historical Japanese, and anyway the "yen" pronunciation is not specific to English, so I say it's on-topic here. – Mechanical snail Aug 23 '12 at 23:03
2 Answers 2
up vote 14 down vote accepted
Why is it pronounced "yen"?
I was actually wondering this a month or so ago, but found the answer on the Wikipedia article for yen/en.
The spelling and pronunciation "yen" is standard in English. This is because mainly English speakers who visited Japan at the end of the Edo period to the early Meiji period spelled words this way.... In the 16th century, Japanese /e/(え) and /we/(ゑ) both had been pronounced [je] and Portuguese missionaries had spelled them "ye". Some time thereafter, by the middle of the 18th century, /e/ and /we/ came to be pronounced [e] as in modern Japanese, although some regions retain the [je] pronunciation. Walter Henry Medhurst, who had not come to Japan and met any Japanese, having consulted mainly a Japanese-Dutch dictionary, spelled some "e"s as "ye" in his An English and Japanese, and Japanese and English Vocabulary (1830). In the early Meiji era, James Curtis Hepburn, following Medhurst, spelled all "e"s as "ye" in his A Japanese and English dictionary (1st ed. 1867). That was the first full-scale Japanese-English/English-Japanese dictionary, which had a strong influence on Westerners in Japan and probably prompted the spelling "yen". Hepburn revised most of "ye"s to "e" in the 3rd edition (1886) in order to mirror the contemporary pronunciation, except "yen". This was probably already fixed and has remained so ever since.
The Symbol ¥
As long as you are in Japan, ¥ is pronounced the same as 円. I'm not sure exactly why the both exist, but I'd guess that it's the same reason that we have "dollar" and "$" as well as "euro" and "€" - ¥ is not a kanji or word, but rather a symbol. Similar to these examples, even though ¥ comes before the number, you would still pronounce it at the end of the number; ¥100 and 100円 would both be pronounced ひゃくえん.
share|improve this answer
Thanks, I was confused about it for awhile :) – Chris Harris Jun 19 '12 at 20:21
"Yen" is also mentioned in – Andrew Grimm Aug 31 '14 at 13:20
To add to the second point to atlantiza answer, note in general that currency symbols have two parallel bars crossing a letter for the main unit and a single bar crossing for the sub unit (Recently, I see only single bar with the dollar symbol, though). In case of American dollar, the main unit uses what looks like "S" today, which is not straightforward, and the sub unit uses "c", which is related to "cent". With Japanese, it is "Y", and should be clear that it comes from "yen".
For asking why "￥" is used, I think you have culture bias. Why is "$" is used instead of writing "dollar"?
share|improve this answer
-1 For the completely superfluous judgment on why the poster is asking a question. – Questioner Jun 20 '12 at 0:23
I don't think it is biased to ask about. The poster didn't even know if ¥ was actually pronounced the same as 円. Not knowing something but wanting to know the answer is not bias; it's just curiosity and eagerness to learn. – atlantiza Jun 20 '12 at 0:45
_USER_ And who is to say that you can just automatically apply rules from one language to another? Rather, I think you are being biased from already knowing. Just because it is common sense to you does not mean that it is so obvious to everyone else. – atlantiza Jun 20 '12 at 1:10
"Why is '$' is used instead of writing 'dollar'?" Because it is an abbreviation. But ¥ is not an abbreviation of 円 in any meaningful sense (both are just one character long). It was clearly invented by analogy with $, but why bother when 円 (or 圓) already existed? This is a reasonable question (not really about "Japanese", admittedly). Furthermore, since ¥ was clearly modelled on Western usage, and we say "yen" in English for no obvious reason, it does not seem prima facie unreasonable to wonder whether ¥ is pronounced /yen/ in Japanese too, distinct from 円 /en/. – Matt Jun 20 '12 at 1:10
_USER_: I understand what you mean by the cultural bias! I guess I didn't really think about 円 being like "dollar". Just for reference "$" is borrowed and was originally "8" for "pieces of eight". I believe it is from Spain. So there is some straightforward-ness. – Chris Harris Jun 20 '12 at 2:07
Your Answer


you specified in the Install folder in HDFS field, for example, /tmp/usr/tez.
 If you have set the tez.lib.uris property in the properties table, this directory overrides the value of that property at runtime. But the other properties set in the properties table are still effective.
 - Use exist: the Job accesses the Tez libraries already deployed in the Hadoop cluster to be used. You need to enter the path pointing to those libraries in the Lib path (folder or file) field.
 - Lib jar: this table appears when you have selected Auto install from the Tez lib list and the distribution you are using is Custom. In this table, you need to add the Tez libraries to be uploaded.

Temporary path
If you do not want to set the Jobtracker and the NameNode when you execute the query select * from your_table_name, you need to set this temporary path. For example, /C:/select_all in Windows.

Hadoop properties
Talend Studio uses a default configuration for its engine to perform operations in a Hadoop distribution. If you need to use a custom configuration in a specific situation, complete this table with the property or properties to be customized. Then at runtime, the customized property or properties will override those default ones.
 - Note that if you are using the centrally stored metadata from the Repository, this table automatically inherits the properties defined in that metadata and becomes uneditable unless you change the Property type from Repository to Built-in.
For further information about the properties required by Hadoop and its related systems such as HDFS and Hive, see the documentation of the Hadoop distribution you are using or see Apache's Hadoop documentation on _URL_ and then select the version of the documentation you want. For demonstration purposes, the links to some properties are listed below:

Hive properties
Talend Studio uses a default configuration for its engine to perform operations in a Hive database. If you need to use a custom configuration in a specific situation, complete this table with the property or properties to be customized. Then at runtime, the customized property or properties will override those default ones. For further information for Hive dedicated properties, see _URL_
 - Note that if you are using the centrally stored metadata from the Repository, this table automatically inherits the properties defined in that metadata and becomes uneditable unless you change the Property type from Repository to Built-in.

Mapred job map memory mb and Mapred job reduce memory mb
If the Hadoop distribution to be used is Hortonworks Data Platform V1.2 or Hortonworks Data Platform V1.3, you need to set proper memory allocations for the map and reduce computations to be performed by the Hadoop system.
In that situation, you need to enter the values you need in the Mapred job map memory mb and the Mapred job reduce memory mb fields, respectively. By default, the values are both 1000 which are normally appropriate for running the computations.
If the distribution is YARN, then the memory parameters to be set become Map (in Mb), Reduce (in Mb) and ApplicationMaster (in Mb), accordingly. These fields allow you to dynamically allocate memory to the map and the reduce computations and the ApplicationMaster of YARN.

Path separator in server
Leave the default value of the Path separator in server as it is, unless you have changed the separator used by your Hadoop distribution's host machine for its PATH variable or in other words, that separator is not a colon (:). In that situation, you must change this value to the one you are using in that host.

tStatCatcher Statistics
Select this check box to collect log data at the component level.
Dynamic settings
Click the [+] button to add a row in the table and fill the Code field with a context variable to choose your database connection dynamically from multiple connections planned in your Job. This feature is useful when you need to access database tables having the same data structure but in different databases, especially when you are working in an environment where you cannot change your Job settings, for example, when your Job has to be deployed and executed independent of Talend Studio.
The Dynamic settings table is available only when the Use an existing connection check box is selected in the Basic settings view. Once a dynamic parameter is defined, the Component List box in the Basic settings view becomes unusable.
For examples on using dynamic parameters, see Scenario 3: Reading data from MySQL databases through context-based dynamic connections and Scenario: Reading data from different MySQL databases using dynamically loaded connection parameters. For more information on Dynamic settings and context variables, see Talend Studio User Guide.
Global Variables
QUERY: the SQL query statement being processed. This is a Flow variable and it returns a string.
ERROR_MESSAGE: the error message generated by the component when an error occurs. This is an After variable and it returns a string. This variable functions only if the Die on error check box is cleared, if the component has this check box.
A Flow variable functions during the execution of a component while an After variable functions after the execution of the component.
To fill up a field or expression with a variable, press Ctrl + Space to access the variable list and choose the variable to use from it.
For further information about variables, see Talend Studio User Guide.
Usage
This component works standalone and supports writing a wide range of data formats such as RC, ORC or AVRO.
If the Studio used to connect to a Hive database is operated on Windows, you must manually create a folder called tmp in the root of the disk where this Studio is installed.
Prerequisites
The Hadoop distribution must be properly installed, so as to guarantee the interaction with Talend Studio. The following list presents MapR related information for example.
 - Ensure that you have installed the MapR client in the machine where the Studio is, and added the MapR client library to the PATH variable of that machine. According to MapR's documentation, the library or libraries of a MapR client corresponding to each OS version can be found under MAPR_INSTALL\ hadoop\hadoop-VERSION\lib\native. For example, the library for Windows is \lib\native\MapRClient.dll in the MapR client jar file. For further information, see the following link from MapR: _URL_
 Without adding the specified library or libraries, you may encounter the following error: no MapRClient in java.library.path.
 - Set the -Djava.library.path argument, for example, in the Job Run VM arguments area of the Run/Debug view in the [Preferences] dialog box. This argument provides to the Studio the path to the native library of that MapR client. This allows the subscription-based users to make full use of the Data viewer to view locally in the Studio the data stored in MapR. For further information about how to set this argument, see the section describing how to view data of Talend Open Studio for Big Data Getting Started Guide.
For further information about how to install a Hadoop distribution, see the manuals corresponding to the Hadoop distribution you are using.
Log4j
If you are using a subscription-based version of the Studio, the activity of this component can be logged using the log4j feature. For more information on this feature, see Talend Studio User Guide.
For more information on the log4j logging levels, see the Apache documentation at _URL_


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Orb Walking - the Subtle Art
_TAG_. Introduction
_TAG_. What is orb-walking?
_TAG_. How to orb-walk
_TAG_. Defining orb spells
_TAG_. Who can orb-walk?
_TAG_. Orb-walk tactics
_TAG_) Why orb-walk?
_TAG_) When to orb-walk?
_TAG_. Comparing orb-walking and animation canceling/ani-cancel
_TAG_. Types of Orbs in DotA
_TAG_. Credits
_TAG_. Changelog
_TAG_. Introduction
Orb-walking, essential for harassing lane enemies and chasing them down for the kill later on. So, how do you do it, and more importantly, how do you abuse its potential as effectively as possible?
_TAG_. What is orb-walking?
It's manually casting orb spells while moving alongside the enemy hero. These spells must have zero cooldown, otherwise it is not possible to orbwalk, since you're waiting for your orb to cooldown while you're chasing. Only orb spells can be used to orb-walk.
_TAG_. How to orb-walk, then?
Manually cast your orb spell, then start moving [or issue any other command] once you see the attack projectile in the air [a trick known as animation cancel].
You should be within attack range still once your hero moves, so just repeat the process until you should back off, or until enemy hero dies.
_TAG_. What are orb spells and how do they differ from normal spells?
Orb spells [usually] have 0 cd, and they will add a visual effect to your normal attack projectile, as well as enhance your attack. Although the spells have 0 cd, they still cost mana to cast, and are still affected by Silences.
One of the major differences between normal spells and orb spells is their effects on Silencer's Curse of the Silent and Last Word, on Magic Stick/Wand as well as on Harbinger's Essence Aura.
Normal spells:
a) cause Curse of the Silent to be debuffed from the hero
b) cause the caster to be silenced by Last Word
c) add a charge to Magic Stick/Wand
d) trigger Essence Aura at its normal percentage.
On the other hand, orb spells:
a) will not debuff Curse of the Silent from hero
b) will not cause the caster to be silenced by Last Word
c) does not add charges to Magic Stick/Wand
d) triggers Essence Aura, but at a decreased percentage.
_TAG_. Who can orb-walk?
As will be mentioned below, there are only 7 heroes with skills at those shown levels who can orb-walk. For now, their icons should suffice.
_TAG_. Orb-walk tactics
_TAG_. Why orb-walk if you have autocast?
Orb-walking counts as casting a spell. This has 2 major effects on your gameplay.
1. It does not draw aggro from either creeps or towers. In other words, it does not attract enemy creeps or towers to attack you, so long as your hero is not the only thing they see.
2. Orb-walking heroes usually have a shorter casting animation compared to their attack animation. This helps in chasing, especially for Viper and Drow, who both have potent orb-based slows.
That being said, you don't have to orb-walk all game long. Once your IAS exceeds your casting animation speed, you can do without orb-walking, and proceed straight to autocasting your orbs.
_TAG_. When to orb-walk?
Orb-walk is used for harrassing to good effect, and is often the way to get first blood in orb-walker lanes [Huskar and Viper are potential candidates for this].
Reasoning for Huskar/Viper first bloods - DoT. Burning Spears and Poison Attack deal damage over time to their intended targets, so you can [sometimes] safely back off before your enemy falls. Huskar and Viper also have DPS boosting skills [Berserker's Blood/Nethertoxin] which will be very helpful in dishing out the damage.
So, when to orb-walk? During the laning phase, and when chasing, you'll find that orb-walk shines. Laning is for the harassing, and chasing is for when you don't want that enemy to get away. Cast orb -> move -> cast orb again -> move -> rinse and repeat until enemy dies, or until you should back off.
_TAG_. Orb-walking v Animation canceling/ani-cancel
It is mentioned above that orb-walking involves animation canceling. However, there are differences between normal animation cancel and orbwalking.
Orbwalking uses the spell cast animation. For all of the orb-walkers, they have a cast animation which is shorter than their normal attack animation. This gives them a slight advantage in terms of chasing, since they don't spend most of their time doing some funky animation which doesn't help you.
_TAG_. How many different types of orbs are there in DotA, and which of them can be used to orbwalk?
Item-based orbs [cannot be used to orb-walk]
Lifesteal - Mask of Death, Mask of Madness, Helm of the Dominator, Satanic
Chain Lightning - Maelstrom, Mjollinir
Greater and Lesser Maim - Sange and Yasha, Sange
Cold Attack - Eye of Skadi
Corruption - Desolator
Feedback - Diffusal Blade
Hero-specific orbs [can be used to orb-walk]
Bone Fletcher - Searing Arrows Level 3 onwards
Drow Ranger - Frost Arrows Level 1 onwards
Enchantress - Impetus Level 1 onwards
Netherdrake - Poison Attack Level 3 onwards
Obsidian Destroyer - Arcane Orb Level 4
Sacred Warrior - Burning Spears Level 1 onwards
Silencer - Glaives of Wisdom Level 4
_TAG_. Credits
dotaportal.com for the hero gifs, playdota.com for the skill icons, you for reading this guide and providing feedback.
_TAG_. Changelog
12/7/09 - submitted guide
17/7/09 - redid layout for guide
18/8/09 - after icing the guide for a while, redoing and retouching guide based on posters' suggestions, added section "orbwalking v ani-cancel" (incomp.)
Still to be added:
Misc guide
Author: crazy sheep
Map Vers.: 6.61b
Orb Walking - the Subtle Art
A brief guide to Orb-walking
Date Posted: 07/12/09
Last Comment:24/07/2009
Total Votes: 0
Current Rating: 0.00
Views: 33456
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How to Open a Port on Android
Most routers include a built-in firewall that blocks certain programs and services from running on the network. Although a business should never allow its computer equipment to connect to the Internet without a firewall in place, the security appliance can prevent devices from accessing useful or necessary applications. If you are attempting to use a mission-critical program on your Android device but can't connect because the associated port is blocked on the network, you can configure the router to allow your smartphone or tablet access to the service.
Tap "Settings | Wireless & Networks | Wi-Fi." Touch the "Menu" button and then press "Advanced." Write down the information to the right of the IP Address field.
Connect to the network from a PC, and then click "Start | Control Panel | Network and Internet | Network and Sharing Center."
Click "Change Adapter Settings," and then double-click "Wireless Network Connection."
Click "Details." Browse to the address listed to the right of "IPv4 Default Gateway."
Enter your administrative credentials to log in to the router. Select an option such as "Applications & Gaming," "Port Forwarding" or "Virtual Server" from the menu.
Create a name for the port and then choose the appropriate protocol -- transmission control protocol, user datagram protocol or both -- from the associated drop-down menu.
Enter the address assigned to the Android device into the IP Address field.
Enter the port you want to unblock into the appropriate fields. Put a check next to the new item to enable it.
Select an option such as "Save Settings" or "Apply Changes" to open the port on the tablet or smartphone.


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hi, i was wondering does anyone know anything about egyptian uses of different herbs (perfuming,incense, medicinal etc.) im curious about herbs that were popularly used in ancient egypt, and what types of herbs they had connections to, either by native growth, or by trade with other countries.
Here are some remedies that the Ancient Eyptians used with herbs:
: Used as an incense to remove demonic possession. Used as an ointment to relieve headaches, or drunk to relieve stomach aches.
: Remedy for snake bites and fevers. Also used to heal broken bones and sores after being mixed with honey.
: Mostly used for stomach upsets.
: Uses included relieving toothache and headaches.
: Drunk to banish fevers. Also was used as an insect repellent.
: Mainly used for headaches.
Plants used in perfumary:
There is apparently
a perfume called Kyphi engraved on the temple walls of Edfu and Philae.
Cinnamon, Juniper Berries, Cyperus, Cardamom, Marjoram and Lotus, were among the many ingredients in perfume making. Along with animal fat, oil and sweet wine.
I believe that many of the Ancient Egyptians herbs and spices were imported from the Mediterranean, although in the later years the Egyptians attempted to grow many foreign plants in their land.
Frankincense and Myrrh were used as incense as offerngs in rituals to the gods. These resins were imported from Central Africa via Nubia.


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Turkey: New climate target delays the net zero emissions goal
At the UN Climate Summit in Egypt, the Turkish Minister of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate Change announced an update to the country's climate target for 2030. The new Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) falls short of Turkey's goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2053, which was announced last year. The Climate Action Network Europe (CAN Europe) has criticized the new target as insufficient and partly inaccurate. The new goal actually envisions an increase in dangerous greenhouse gas emissions until 2038, instead of a reduction, as the goal is not calculated in absolute terms. This could delay Turkey's energy transition and hinder the 2053 net zero emissions target. Furthermore, higher ambition is needed to meet the mitigation work program that governments are expected to adopt at COP27. According to calculations by climate civil society organizations and think tanks, Turkey's emissions could be reduced by 35% by 2030 compared to 2020 levels, thus achieving the 2053 net zero target in a more efficient and less costly way.
For more information click here!


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Washington farms and ranches produce more than 300 different crops with a combined value of about $10.2 billion – a figure that triples once food processing is factored in.
Agriculture is one of Washington's most important private sectors, along with aerospace and technology.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Agriculture Statistical Service tallied 35,200 agriculture operations in its 2022 Washington survey. Collectively, they cultivate 14.5 million acres.
Big numbers give an overview, but they only go so far. Here is a look at Washington agriculture by the numbers, collected from the USDA and the Washington Department of Agriculture.
Daily and Monthly NewsSign up now!


A wedge-tailed eagle and carrion (roadkill kangaroo) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
Carrion (from Latin caro, meaning "meat") is the decaying flesh of a dead animal.
Overview
Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters (or scavengers) include vultures, hawks, eagles,[1] hyenas,[2] Virginia opossum,[3] Tasmanian devils,[4] coyotes[5] and Komodo dragons. Many invertebrates, such as the carrion and burying beetles,[6] as well as maggots of calliphorid flies and flesh-flies, also eat carrion, playing an important role in recycling nitrogen and carbon in animal remains.
Zoarcid fish feeding on the carrion of a mobulid ray.
Flies settling on a sheep carrion
Carrion begins to decay at the moment of the animal's death, and it will increasingly attract insects and breed bacteria. Not long after the animal has died, its body will begin to exude a foul odor caused by the presence of bacteria and the emission of cadaverine and putrescine.
Some plants and fungi smell like decomposing carrion and attract insects that aid in reproduction. Plants that exhibit this behavior are known as carrion flowers. Stinkhorn mushrooms are examples of fungi with this characteristic.
A coyote feeding on elk carrion in Yellowstone National Park's Lamar Valley during winter.
Sometimes carrion is used to describe an infected carcass that is diseased and should not be touched. An example of carrion being used to describe dead and rotting bodies in literature may be found in William Shakespeare's play Julius Caesar (III.i):[7]
Cry 'Havoc,' and let slip the dogs of war;
That this foul deed shall smell above the earth
With carrion men, groaning for burial.
Another example can be found in Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe when the title character kills an unknown bird for food but finds "its flesh was carrion, and fit for nothing".
In Noahide law
The thirty-count laws of Ulla (Talmudist) include the prohibition of humans consuming carrion.[8] This count is in addition to the standard seven law count and has been recently[when?] published from the Judeo-Arabic writing of Shmuel ben Hophni Gaon after having been lost for centuries.[9]
References
 1. ^ Hovenden, Frank. The Carrion Eaters Archived 1 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Comox Valley Naturalists Society. 7 May 2010.
 2. ^ "San Diego Zoo's Animal Bytes: Striped hyena". San Diego Zoo. 7 May 2010.
 3. ^ Len McDougall (2004). The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada. Globe Pequot. pp. 274–. ISBN 978-1-59228-070-4. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
 4. ^ "San Diego Zoo's Animal Bytes: Tasmanian Devil". San Diego Zoo. 7 May 2010.
 5. ^ Stegemann, Eileen. "Skull Science: Coyote". NYS Department of Environmental Conservation April 2006
 6. ^ John George Wood (1892). Insects abroad: Being a popular account of foreign insects; their structure, habits and transformations. Longmans. pp. 82–. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
 7. ^ The Life and Death of Julies Caesar. SCENE I. Rome. Before the Capitol; the Senate sitting above.
 8. ^ talmud, hullin 92b
 9. ^ Mossad HaRav Kook edition of Gaon's commentary to Genesis.


News from Europe
Statue of the Virgin Mary to be moved behind a school in France
A statue of the Virgin Mary, that is in the yard of a primary school in the department of Isere, France, will now be placed behind the building so that the children will no longer see it. According to the leaders, this move is necessary to respect the laicity law of 1905.
The statue was erected in the middle of the twentieth century, before the building of the school. The then owner of the property commissioned the statue after he was convinced that he saw the virgin appear at the river of the town.
After his death, a public school was built on the property, but the statue stayed in its place. Later, in the 1990s, the school leaders decided to move the statue to a less frequented spot, next to the building. They used the laicity law of 1905 to justify their actions. According to them, the statue's presence would be justified in a private school, whereas it violates religion's liberty in a public school.
And now, thirty years later, the statue is to be transferred again, to a still less frequented place, behind the school building, so that the children cannot see it, thus respecting their liberty of conscience.
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Ebook Writer - Redrafting of Ebook
Job Description
I require a person with an expertise with shoulder injuries.
The ebook is about Frozen shoulder injuries. Majority of the ebook is already written.
I require an experience writer to:
1. Improve the flow of the book. Most parts are poorly written. You will require to rewrite it again to make sense and easily understandable
2. Write the introduction and conclusion.
3. Make sure everything is labelled corrently, create the content page etc.
4. Fix any grammar or spelling mistakes.
5. You should have previous experience creating an ebook.
6. Make sure each chapter connects to each other.
7. Make sure the ebook is formated in an easy to read format.
Skills: grammar


The Parchment Story: How eTranscript exchange is changing education
You work hard to earn education credentials such as transcripts, diplomas and certificates. They are critical when you want to take the next step in your education or career. But when they are filed away as paper, they are hard to access and share when you need them most.
At Parchment, we build a virtual bridge to connect learners, educational institutions, associations and employers who rely on education credentials. The Parchment platform has helped millions of people and thousands of schools and universities to exchange more than 12 million transcripts and other credentials globally.
We make the process simpler, secure and more transparent for everyone. Registrars at Parchment member institutions issue education credentials electronically and save time and money. On the other side of credential exchange, Parchment Receive members collect credentials from multiple issuers and individuals, streamline operations and access analytics. Parchment members serve individuals better, smarter, faster. They put learners' success at the center of everything they do.
Together with our members, we empower learners to put all their credentials in one place, online, where they can be easily and powerfully shared. With Parchment.com learners can quickly show what they know, and discover education and career opportunities that put their credentials to work.
Parchment is powered by a team of experienced education and technology professionals who have first-hand experience serving students as registrars, admissions officers, teachers and engineers. They are passionate about helping people use their education to achieve their full potential.
In a knowledge economy where opportunities are defined by what you know and how well you know it, let Parchment help you turn your credentials into opportunities.


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Pricing/Availability:Ash is among the least expensive utility hardwoods available domestically; it should compare similarly tooakin terms of price.
Sustainability:This wood species is not listed in the CITES Appendices, but is on the IUCN Red List. It is listed as critically endangered due to a projected population reduction of over 80% in the next three generations, caused by effects of introduced taxa. (See notes on the emerald ash borer in the comments section below.)
Common Uses:Flooring, millwork, boxes/crates, baseball bats, and other turned objects such as tool handles.


text:
Remote Optical Wave Measurement Sensor.
Patent, Filed 6 Feb 90, patented 29 Jan 91,
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
Pagination or Media Count:
A submerged small angle field-of-view optical radiometer which can passively measure ocean surface wave heights, characteristics, and statistics remotely. The mechanism involves measurements of a varying underwater radiant light field and correlation of that light field to surface wave heights. The device comprises a passive optical detector, a narrow band optical filter, a small angle field-of-view limiter and associated electronics for power monitoring and control. The device is housed in a watertight container with an optically transmissive window and is connected to onshore or inboard electronics by a single cable. The cable carries power, monitoring, control and data signals to and from the sensor to the onshore or inboard electronics. The sensor can be bottom mounted on the sea floor or can be mounted on a submerged platform such as a submarine.
- Optical Detection and Detectors


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Interstate 80/Gilman Street Interchange
This project will reconfigure the Interstate 80/Gilman Street interchange, located in northwest Berkeley near its boundary with the City of Albany. The purpose of the project is to improve navigation and traffic operations on Gilman Street between West Frontage Road and 2nd Street through the I-80 interchange so that congestion is reduced, queues are shortened and merging and turn conflicts are minimized.
Phase 1 of this project began in May 2021. In addition to improving mobility through the Gilman street corridor, the project aims to close the gap in local and regional bicycle facilities through the I-80/Gilman Street interchange and provide access for bicycles and pedestrians traveling between the Bay Trail and North Berkeley.
This project is being constructed in two phases:
- PHASE 1: Pedestrian and Bicycle Overcrossing
- PHASE 2: Interchange Improvements and Local Street Improvements; pedestrian and bicycle improvements through the interchange; Bay Trail gap closure; safety improvements at the Gilman/Union Pacific Railroad at grade crossing
Phase 1 is scheduled for completion in 2023; Phase 2 is scheduled for completion in 2024.
GoPort is a program of projects to improve truck and rail access to the Port of Oakland, one of the nation's most vital seaports. It consists of three components:
- 7th Street Grade Separation West Segment (7SGSW). Improves access and minimizes conflicts between rail, vehicles, pedestrians and bicyclists. Construction of 7SGSW, a critical piece to completing the Program, is yet to be determined.
- 7th Street Grade Separation East Segment (7SGSE). Replaces an existing railroad underpass to increase clearance for trucks and improve a shared pedestrian/bicycle pathway. Construction on 7SGSE began in 2020 and is anticipated to end in 2023.
- Freight Intelligent Transportation Systems (FITS) and Technology Master Plan. FITS is a suite of information technology projects that are state-of-the-art technology solutions that cost-effectively manages truck arrivals to the Port reducing emissions from idling and congestion in the West Oakland community. FITS, the initial suite of projects that have gone to construction is scheduled to be complete in May 2022.
Benefits for the GoPort program include:
- Congestion relief: Upgrade technology and infrastructure to minimize and manage truck wait times, manage truck congestion, and improve traffic circulation
- Efficiency: Improve Port and Rail Yard efficiencies, intermodal yard connectivity, and expand near-dock use of rail and intermodal facilities
- Sustainability: Reconstruct Bay Trail segment on 7th Street and Maritime Street and reduce emissions/carbon footprint
- Economic stimulation: Reduce shipping costs, improve Port competitiveness and create jobs


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Tel. +33 (0) 1 43 47 33 00
Flag frontage sign
Actif Signal makes lighted signs for stores, but also frontage signs called flags, lighted or not.
Flag sign made by Actif SIgnal
Lighted flag frontage sign (LED lighting in chamber) – ParisMade by Actif Signal
Actif Signal uses the same techniques to design, manufacture and install lighted signs made with neon tubes for stores, shops, and decorations for events such as fashion parades.
Flag Frontage Signs: What you should know
When it comes to marketing, exposure is a crucial matter. In order to attract clientele, a great deal of stores and commercial structures use flag signs. What are they and what is their purpose?
A brief history of signs
Lighted signs appeared for the first time in 1910. It is a Frenchman, by the name of Georges Claude, who invented them, but these products were first seen in the United States. Made with neon tubes, these signs were designed to catch the eye of the customer. Visible from afar and illuminated at night, they indicate the existence of the facility and its functions. Since its first appearance, the lighted sign has taken different shapes. In most cases, they can be found as a banner. Parallel to the front of the building, they can be affixed above a showcase or on a door lintel. Then, come the designs that are installed on rooftops, or affixed on the ground. Of course, the neon lighted signs are not to be forgotten.
Over the years, these so-called commercial signs have been reinvented in order to answer public demands and merchant's needs. This is how the flag signs started to develop. Copying the concept of advertisement signs, a flag sign is in the form of a box, single or double sided. It is affixed perpendicularly to the frontage of the building, high up, and helps promoting a store, a place, or a company.
Purpose of the Flag signs
To ensure a business or company's exposure, advertising elements are necessary. Thus, lots of professionals choose a flag design. Whether it's a simple sign, a lighted one or a flag sign, their purpose remains the same. If your premises are located in a busy street, the installation of a sign will catch the eye of the customer, and lead them towards you. It will also inform bystanders on your activities and the services you offer.
When setting up your flag sign, you have to make sure its design is appealing. While standard shapes like rectangles, squares or ovals have proven their effectiveness, a touch of fantasy and originality can also bring a little extra to you frontage. A tailor-made and colorful sign will help you stand out from the competition.
The different flag sign types.
The flag sign comes in different shapes and sizes depending on the customer's demands. Depending on your facility's layout, you can choose a simple or double sided sign. Some shops, like pharmacies or drugstores, usually elect a neon or LED lighted flag sign. Hotels and restaurants often opt for canvas flag signs, which combine metal chambers and canvas. Object-shaped flag signs also exist; for example, opticians choose flag signs shaped like glasses.
Illuminated signs
Because the first goal of a flag sign is to catch the eye of the public, it is advised to make it as visible as possible. The choice of an illuminated sign is then the best option. It has the advantage of capturing the public's attention while ensuring a strong exposure, night and day. Before putting up your lighted flag sign, you can choose, depending on the result you are expecting, between neon and LED
Neon signs.
If you opt for a neon-illuminated flag sign, you will have to choose between glass neon and flexible neon. Glass neon tubes are fluorescent tube, located under or behind a glass plate, and they light up the chamber. Flexible neon, on the other hand, covers what glass tubes can't.
Neon lighted flag signs have plenty of advantages. Amongst the most noticeable, neon can bend to the wishes of the customer. Indeed, these tubes can come in different diameters and are suitable for every mount and every shape. Neon also covers a 360° angle of lighting, which ensures a great exposure at night. It also comes in different colors and generates a strong and homogenous light. But the greatest advantage of the neon lighting lies in its lifespan. If the flag sign is located indoors, the neon can last up to 7 years, even if it is functioning 24/7. If located outdoors, the lighting will last up to 4 years if lit 24/7.
Although Neon has a great lifespan, its cons are not to be taken lightly: It is important to know that this type of installation is very difficult to put up and is very delicate. It is also very demanding in terms of energy. Lastly, a neon sign can cause electric shock in the case of an improper installation.
Neon gives a "neo-retro" look to your sign. The flag signs using neon lighting are designed and tailor-made on Actif Signal's manufacturing site. A neon lighting sign has to be put up by an installer in possession of the required electrical certifications. Actif Signal's installation teams all have the necessary certifications (H0 B0, H1 B1…).
LED signs
If you are not inspired by a neon-lighted flag sign, you can also chose an LED lighted sign. This type of sign will fit any and all of your needs.
If you need a static image, you can opt for a decoration LED flag sign. Made for indoor display, they regroup both displaying screens and decorative signs. They are preferred for advertising or promotional messages. If you want an animated sign, you can choose programmable LED signs. Durable, they are made for outdoor display. They can be set to flash or to display a message, night and day.
As opposed to neon flag signs, LED signs are more reliable. They are also very cost-efficient, and can be lit for up to 100 000 hours (11.5 years) before needing replacement. LED lights are also appreciated for their energy efficiency: as they do not diffuse any UV nor infrared, they are recyclable. An LED flag sign is also durable and safe. Sturdy, it is impact and vibration resistant, and temperature proof. Moreover, it does not present any electrical shock risk, contrary to neon lighting. With LED lighting, you can also choose from a great variety of colors and have a greater lighting power than that of neon light. The Light Emitting Diodes generate a brighter and more intense light that can be seen from farther away. Lastly, an LED flag sign can be programmed to show images or advertising messages. This type of colored animation is still energy efficient, and does not range down the lifespan of the lighting.
As for neon flag signs, LEDs also have cons. Its cost is the most prominent one; LEDs are significantly more expensive than the other lighting systems. However, it is highly compensated by its longevity and energy efficiency. Another major disadvantage of LED signs is its light field: it is less luminous than neon or than a lighted box, and does not propagate light efficiently around the facility.
Visual aspect of the flag signs
Once the decision to opt for a flag frontage sign has been made, you should always keep in mind that it conveys a message while being a guide to the customer. Because it symbolizes the activities and the offers of your business, it should be original.
The flag signs will be made according to the customer's demands. They usually include basic geometrical shapes (square, rectangle, circle…). Very traditional, this option can still have a strong impact if the sign includes colors, images or creative text. The use of LED or neon to illuminate the sign and make it even more visible can certainly be an asset to a business. In some cases, for specialized businesses like pharmacies or opticians, flag signs can come in particular shapes. We can find, in some streets, lighted crosses indicating a pharmacy, or a huge pair of glasses to signal an optician's shop.
Current regulations regarding Flag Frontage Signs.
There are specific regulations regarding flag signs, which were put in place in order to avoid "visual pollution". These norms vary depending on the type of business, the location of the sign and the objective it tries to achieve.
The rules apply mainly to the installation. While setting up a flag sign, we have to ensure that it does not exceed 25cm horizontally over the wall. It is also important that it does not cover more than 15% of the frontage, unless the frontage is larger than 50m², then it can cover it up to 25%. A flag sign cannot be affixed on a balcony or a glass front. Lastly, it has to be exactly as large as 1/10th of the distance from the public road.
Of course, the visual aspect of a lighted flag sign is entirely up to the customer. It is fairly common to find cake-shaped or baguette-like signs for boulangeries and bakeries, or regularly shaped ones with unique artwork for bars, hotels or even travel agency.
Be visible, opt for a flag sign
You are a merchant, a franchise, a pharmacy, a restaurant… chose a lighted flag sign. This type of sign is the ideal signage element and completes your existing signs. If you still hesitate between a neon or LED flag, a rectangular or an oval shape... Contact us, our engineering consultants