Dynamic Chiropractic
Dynamic Chiropractic Facebook Twitter
Dynamic Chiropractic
Advanced Search
Wellness Blog
Dynamic Chiropractic PracticeINSIGHTS
Current Graphic
Dynamic Chiropractic – January 1, 2009, Vol. 27, Issue 01
Dynamic Chiropractic
Printer Friendly Email a Friend PDF RSS Feed
Share |
Dynamic Chiropractic
Physics for Chiropractors
Calculating the Energy Density of a Therapy Laser
By Phil Harrington, DC, CMLSO
If you are planning on adding a therapeutic laser to your practice, you have plenty of unanswered questions and a lot of decisions to make. On the clinical level, you want to know how it works: which conditions it will benefit and how to incorporate laser therapy with your existing chiropractic techniques and modalities. On the business level, you need to determine how much to invest, what return on investment you can expect and how to adjust office flow to accommodate this exciting new modality.
Before tackling those complicated issues, it would help to examine the basics. Here are some key physics concepts that you must understand when buying a therapy laser: power and power density, wavelength, mode of delivery (continuous wave, pulsed and superpulsed), energy and energy density.
This article will help you calculate the energy density of a therapy laser. The pertinent physical quantities and associated units are as follows:
Before performing any calculations of energy density, be sure that all quantities are expressed in their proper units; i.e., convert time in minutes to time in seconds. The power of a therapy laser is measured in watts, and one milliwatt is one-thousandth of a watt: 1 mW = 0.001 W. Lasers used by chiropractors range in power from 5 mW up to 10 W. Convert the milliwatts to watts before doing any calculation (i.e., 5 mW = 0.005 W). You can think of the power of a laser just like the brightness of a light bulb: the higher the wattage, the brighter the laser light. Power is the time rate of delivery of energy, and the three are related by the following equation:
Power = Energy/Time
Therefore, you can calculate the energy delivered by a therapy laser by multiplying the power times the time. For example, the energy delivered by a 100 mW laser in three minutes would be (converting the 100 mW to 0.1 W and the three minutes to 180 seconds):
Energy = Power x Time = 0.1W x 180 s = 18 J
To calculate the energy density, simply divide the energy in joules by the area in square centimeters as follows:
Energy Density = Energy/Area
For example, let's say the 18 J from the previous calculation is delivered to three different areas: 100 cm2 (the area of a man's palm), 5.5 cm2 (the area of a postage stamp) and 0.4 cm2 (the area of a pencil eraser). As you can see from the chart [at right], 18 J of energy can produce widely varying amounts of energy density, depending on the size of the area being treated.
Quantity Unit of Measurement (Abbreviation)
Power Watts (W)
Area Square Centimeters (cm2)
Time Seconds (s)
Energy Joules (J)
Energy Density J/cm2
If the laser probe is held in one spot during treatment, you will need to determine the area of the laser-output spot size. When treating a larger area, you will need to measure and calculate the area in square centimeters. One way to estimate the area is to measure the area of your palm and count the number of "palms" treated on the patient. Then multiply this number by the area of your palm.
Energy density can also be called treatment dose or fluence.1 I prefer the term energy density to make sure it is distinct from simply "energy." Energy measures the ability to do work, whereas energy density measures the concentration of that energy over a specific area. As the chart above shows, an amount of energy can produce significantly different values of energy density. The two are not equivalent.
Area Energy Density of 18 J
100 cm2 0.18 J/cm2
5.5 cm2 3.3 J/cm2
0.4 cm2 45 J/cm2
If the energy density is too low, it will not biostimulate tissue, but if it is too high it will inhibit healing or even cause damage. An analogy: If you spread a gallon of water over an entire parched football field, you would have very few blades of green grass, and if you dumped that entire gallon onto a very small spot, you would have mud. The key to watering grass is getting the right amount of water per unit area, and the key to laser therapy is delivering the proper amount of laser energy per unit area.
What is the right amount? "Biostimulation has been reported in the literature with doses from as low as 0.001 J/cm2 to 10 J/cm2 and more. There is a great difference between irradiating naked calls in the laboratory and treating a deep-lying pain condition. In fact, a 'dose' is a very complicated issue. It is a matter of wavelength, power density, type of tissue, condition of the tissue, chronic or acute problem, pigmentation, treatment technique and so forth. However, there is certainly a 'therapeutic dose window.'"2 In their text, Tuner and Hode suggest an energy density of 2-4 J/cm2 for superficial pain and 4-10 J/cm2 for deep-lying pain.3
The primary goal of this article is to help physics-challenged chiropractors calculate the energy density of a therapy laser. Further discussion of appropriate energy densities will be left for another column.
 1. Tuner J, Hode L. Laser Therapy: Clinical Practice and Scientific Background. Grängesberg, Sweden: Prima Books, p. 70.
 2. Ibid, p. 72.
 3. Ibid, p. 73.
Dr. Phil Harrington is a certified medical laser safety officer and serves on the subcommittee reviewing the ANSI Standards for Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care Facilities. He is a 1996 Palmer graduate and also holds a bachelor's degree in physics. Dr. Harrington is the senior vice-president of K-Laser USA (_URL_).
Dynamic Chiropractic
Dynamic Chiropractic
Printer Friendly Email a Friend PDF RSS Feed
Share |
Dynamic Chiropractic
Dynamic Chiropractic
Join the conversation
Comments are encouraged, but you must follow our User Agreement
comments powered by Disqus
Dynamic Chiropractic
Yes, contacted
Yes, directing
Thinking about it
Sign Up for Our Webinars
Receive Advanced Notice of Future Webinars
Tag Cloud


Thermal Flashlight
A "Thermal Flashlight" is a DIY device which lets you do a kind of "light painting" -- [thermal photography](/wiki/thermal-photography). It produces a colored "heat map" overlaid directly onto a photo of a room. This is the simplest, cheapest, and to date, most effective way we have developed of measuring heat leaks or cool leaks indoors and outdoors. Simply put, the "flashlight" puts out redder light if it's pointed at something hot (default 75 deg F or more) and bluer light if it's pointed at something cold *(default 60 deg F or less). ### Parts The Melexis MLX90614 digital thermometer used in this kit can be found in a few places, at different price points: * []( * []( ### Assembly There are a few versions of the thermal flashlight: [notes:grid:activity:thermal-flashlight-assembly] ### Questions [questions:thermal-flashlight] **** ### Activities [activities:thermal-flashlight] **** ### Using a Thermal Flashlight To capture the light painting over time, we have been using timelapse photography or this [ sketch]( ([source]( (or its inspiration, GlowDoodle), as seen in the top image on this page. * Within view of the camera or laptop, sweep the flashlight beam over the scene at a distance of about 12 inches. * Try to stay out of the way of the beam, and don't point it directly at the camera or it will create a "starburst" and may mess up your image. * It's helpful to wear dark clothing so you don't show up in the image as you're moving around. ### Building your own **Parts list** For a Thermal Flashlight with 3.6 V Melexis Sensor and Common Anode LED. * 1 [Melexis MLX90614]( non-contact IR thermometer (3v). Data sheet: * 1 [common-anode RGB LED]( * 2 4.7k Ohm resistors * 2 100 Ohm resistors * 1 180 Ohm resistor * 1 0.1 μF capacitor * wire * [a breadboard]( or circuit board & soldering eqmt. * [Arduino]( * 9v battery and holder **Software** Gist: _Note: The goal of this file is to be a place to download everything without pursuing other links. If there are changes or updates please feel free to add and re-upload. If the file is missing anything, please comment below. You might notice that this is for the 5v Melexis, but it will work for either without issues. Alternative variations of the Flashlight can be made with a 5.5V Melexis Sensor and Common Cathode LED. For the 5.5 V sensor follow this diagram: For the common cathode circuit board follow this diagram: Links to purchasing equipment: ### Consumable Parts * LEDs (1 per flashlight, but they sell as a pack of 25): * Arduino Uno (1 per flashlight): * Capicator (1 per flashlight): * Resistor pack (this pack has a 180 ohm resistor which we found other packs not to have): * 3.6 V infra red thermometer (1 per flashlight): Data sheet: If you are starting an electronics kit from scratch: * a 40Watt soldering Iron (if you want it to be permanent otherwise duct tape or Velcro works temporarily) * hookup wire (solid not stranded- 22 or 24 gauge, you can get this at Radio Shack) * pliers called "wire strippers" to get the plastic wrap off the hookup wire (can get at Radio Shack) * solder for 40Watt iron, lead-free. * a breadboard (1 per flashlight). If you aren't soldering: If you are soldering: * a USB cable to connect the arduino to the computer via USB for power 5Volts (can get at Radio Shack) * household sponge for cleaning solder off tip * 9 volt battery with connector wires (can get at Radio Shack- 1 per flashlight) ***Cost: ~$40-$60*** **** ### Updates All research on about the thermal flashlight project: [notes:thermal-flashlight] **** Several meetups have been organized to build and test thermal flashlights, at RISD (Providence, RI) and in Brooklyn, NY. We are organizing one now in Somerville, MA: * [Thermal Flashlight workshop](/wiki/thermal-flashlight-workshop) * [May 26 AS220 workshop]( * [Thermal Fishing Bob presentation from NE barnraising]( ## Thermal flashlight heatmaps **** ## Custom thermal flashlight circuit boards Instead of building off of an _TAG_, it's possible to make a Thermal Flashlight using a custom circuit board. The circuit board files can be found here: ##Photos [![IMG_0779.JPG](]( [![IMG_0781.JPG](](...
Learn more »


22% of British Adults Unaware Bacon Comes From a Pig, Surveys Suggest
According to several surveys, at least 22% of the British public are unaware of the fact that bacon comes from a pig.
Over the past decade, studies have been reported by several media sites which reveal some concerning statistics about the British public's knowledge of where food comes from.
According to a DJS report, the Linking Environment and Farming (LEAF) organisation found that one in five children were unaware that bacon comes from pigs, and one in twenty children thought that cheese came from pigs and not cows. Similarly, in 2007, the BBC reported that 22% of British adults were unaware of the origin of bacon.
Earlier this year the Daily Mail discussed a survey conducted by Panasonic which claimed that one in five children were also unaware that eggs came from chickens. Metro reported this same figure.
The findings show a worrying disconnect between our food and where it comes from. With health problems on the rise in western countries, knowing the origin of food could play a vital role in the British public making an informed decision about what they put on their plates.
The survey conducted by Panasonic showed that children living in cities were less likely to know where their food came from than those living in the country.
The question that remains is if the British public knew where their food came from, would they still eat it? Current trends suggest that perhaps they would not.
There is an increasing number of reports detailing farmers' decisions to give their animals to sanctuaries and go vegan. Prominent figures Lucy and Tiffany Watson both grew up on a farm and it was their love of animals from a young age that convinced them to go vegetarian and eventually vegan.
In addition to this, the vegan movement in Britain has gained momentum in the past few years, with many more chains and independents choosing to offer vegan options. Recently it was suggested that veganism is becoming more accepted in Britain in general and it has certainly received a great deal of good press even being praised in a Guardian editorial.
Given the current health epidemic in the UK, it is likely that nutrition and how our food is made will become a prominent issue in terms of educating the next generation. Perhaps in years to come, the statistics surrounding the UK's knowledge of food will not look so troubling.


text:
THE ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS IN TOURISM STRATEGY OF TURKEY-2023 WITHIN THE OUTLOOK OF TOURISM PLANNING
9th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference - SGEM2009, _URL_, SGEM2009 Conference Proceedings/ ISBN 10: 954-91818-1-2, June 14-19, 2009, Vol. 2, 875-883 pp
The growth of tourism has prompted debate about environmental consequences and
desirability of further development. The effects of mass tourism and increasing
awareness of the human impact on the environment led more environmentally sensitive
forms of tourism such as ecotourism and wildlife-based tourism.
With this increasing awareness environmental concerns are explicitly included in
sectoral policies and programmes concerning many areas including tourism, urban and
rural development. One of the recent examples of environment being involved in
tourism planning can be examined in Turkey's Tourism Strategy 2023 and the 9th Five
Year National Development Plan as both of them promotes ecotourism regions to
develop nature based tourism.
The Tourism Strategy of Turkey 2023, with its emphasis on cultural, health and
environmental areas, has laid out the blueprint for the country's future development. By
the implementation of this plan; nine culture and tourism zones and seven tourism
development corridors, 10 tourism cities, ecotourism zones will be created.
Implementation has merely started recently, but the plan is anticipated to be highly
influential on Turkey's tourism.
The researchers in this study examine Turkish tourism policies and planning with a
specific focus on Tourism Strategy of Turkey 2023. The plan is studied in detailed to
monitor the integration of environmental concern and ecotourism in tourism
development plans and aimed zones.
Keywords: Tourism Strategy of Turkey 2023, ecotourism, tourism planning and policies
PAPER 2009/s24.1: THE ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS IN TOURISM STRATEGY OF TURKEY-2023 WITHIN THE OUTLOOK OF TOURISM PLANNING
30 EURO ADD TO CART
Your cart ( items)
Tax cost ():
Articles by this author
- TRANSFORMATION AND IMAGE CALIBRATION FOR ENDOSCOPIC IMAGE ANALYSIS IN FOTOM 2008 SYSTEM
- THE METEOROLOGICAL USAGE OF WATER VAPOR DATA OBTAINED FROM GPS
- PHOTOGRAMMETRIC STUDY FOR SIRCALI MEDRESE DOOR
- FOTOM SYSTEM AND MEASUREMENT VISUALIZATION
- DETERMINATION AND CREATION OF TOPOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION FROM DIGITAL IMAGERY
© Copyright 2001 International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference & EXPO SGEM. All Rights Reserved.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Monasca metrics definition
asked 2020-01-18 05:50:47 -0600
Chiara S gravatar image
Hello, I'd like to know a couple of things regarding monasca.
1) Monasca metrics have always to be defined from the CLI manually or there are libraries from where I can import them (and eventually I can do so)?
2) There's very little documentation regarding how to define a metric, so any help is appreciated. For example, this is the only hint I found from the Openstack documentation, regarding the metrics creation:
metric-create:
 monasca metric-create cpu1 123.40
 monasca metric-create metric1 1234.56 --dimensions instance_id=123,service=ourservice
 monasca metric-create metric1 2222.22 --dimensions instance_id=123,service=ourservice
 monasca metric-create metric1 3333.33 --dimensions instance_id=222,service=ourservice
 monasca metric-create metric1 4444.44 --dimensions instance_id=222 --value-meta rc=404
What's the meaning of the value after "metric1"? and what about dimensions and service? I'd like to understand in full detail about this. Thanks in advance for any help.
edit retag flag offensive close merge delete


text:
Access Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) is a suite of healthcare databases and related software tools developed through a Federal-State-Industry partnership to build a multi-state system of healthcare databases supportive of research and decision-making. HCUP databases contain a core set of clinical and non-clinical information found in a typical patient discharge abstract: listed diagnoses and procedures, status at time of discharge, patient demographics, and charges regardless of payer (e.g., Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, or uninsured.) The information is translated into a single format to facilitate both multi-state and national-to-state comparisons. HCUP is sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) as part of its mission to improve the quality, safety, efficiency and effectiveness of the U.S. healthcare system.
Keywords: demographics, health statistics, healthcare administration, healthcare policy, healthcare system, hospitals, Medicare/Medicaid, public health, statistical

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: The 1977 - 78 biennium was a time of changes, experiments, and advancements for the Iowa Civil Rights Commission. Major revisions were made in the Iowa Civil Rights Act as were many changes made in the agency itself. A new executive director came to the Iowa Civil Rights Commission at the beginning of fiscal year 1977 and fiscal year 1978 saw a large reorganization in the agency. A protection and advocacy program for the developmentally disabled was implemented by the Commission while a new statewide organization combining personal and group resources into a unique network emerged from an Iowa Civil Rights Leadership Conference. The Iowa Civil Rights Commission turned to a study of rental practices across the state while VISTA volunteers from across the nation came to the Commission as a result of an experimental program. In order to provide incoming staff with greater expertise and sensitivity in the area of civil rights, an increased emphasis was placed on the classroom portion of training. Although the number of case closures dipped, the case inventory was reduced over the two year period. The largest settlement in the history of the Commission was negotiated during this biennium; and more public hearings were held in fiscal 1978 than in the previous ten years.


ins. Custom properties are stored also in the project
file. The storage is not efficient for large amount of data.
Custom properties that have already been used within QGIS:
- "loading" - whether the project is being currently loaded (root node only)
- "overview" - whether to show a layer in overview
- "showFeatureCount" - whether to show feature counts in layer tree (vector only)
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ class QgsMeshDataSourceInterface /Abstract/
Interface for mesh data sources
Mesh is a collection of vertices, edges and faces in 2D or 3D space
- vertex - XY(Z) point (in the mesh's coordinate reference system)
- edge - two XY(Z) points (in the mesh's coordinate reference system) representing straight seqment
- faces - sets of vertices forming a closed shape - typically triangles or quadrilaterals
@@ -392,6 +392,7 @@ Returns the root items of the dataset group tree item
%Docstring
Sets the root items of the dataset group tree item.
Changes active dataset groups if those one are not enabled anymore :
- new active scalar dataset group is the first root item enabled child
- new active vector dataset group is none
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ class QgsMeshLayerTemporalProperties : QgsMapLayerTemporalProperties
Implementation of map layer temporal properties for mesh layers.
The time in a mesh layer is defined by :
- a reference time provided by the data, the project or the user
- each dataset is associated with a relative times
- time extent is defined by the first time and the last time of all dataset
@@ -498,6 +498,7 @@ We try to match the Proj string to internal QGIS CRS ID using the following logi
Set up this CRS from a string definition.
It supports the following formats:
- "EPSG:<code>" - handled with createFromOgcWms()
- "POSTGIS:<srid>" - handled with createFromSrid()
- "INTERNAL:<srsid>" - handled with createFromSrsId()
@@ -404,6 +404,7 @@ createChildren() immediately because result will be useless. *
virtual void deleteLater();
%Docstring
Safely delete the item:
- disconnects parent
- unsets parent (but does not remove itself)
- deletes all its descendants recursively
@@ -362,10 +362,11 @@ Datum of Australia Technical Manual", Chapter 4.
code (and documentation) taken from rttopo project
_URL_
- spheroid_project.spheroid_project(...)
- Valid bounds checking for degrees (latitude=+- 85.05115) is based values used for
-> 'WGS84 Web Mercator (Auxiliary Sphere)' calculations
--> latitudes outside these bounds cause the calculations to become unstable and can return invalid results
- spheroid_project.spheroid_project(...)
- Valid bounds checking for degrees (latitude=+- 85.05115) is based values used for
-> 'WGS84 Web Mercator (Auxiliary Sphere)' calculations
--> latitudes outside these bounds cause the calculations to become unstable and can return invalid results
.. versionadded:: 3.0
%End
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class QgsFields
Container of fields for a vector layer.
In addition to storing a list of QgsField instances, it also:
- allows quick lookups of field names to index in the list
- keeps track of where the field definition comes from (vector data provider, joined layer or newly added from an editing operation)
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class QgsMapLayerDependency
This class models dependencies with or between map layers.
A dependency is defined by a layer ID, a type and an origin.
The two combinations of type/origin that are currently supported are:
- PresenceDependency && FromProvider: virtual layers for instance which may depend on other layers already loaded to work
- DataDependency && FromUser: dependencies given by the user, mainly to represent database triggers
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ The QgsOgcUtils class provides various utility functions for conversion between
OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) standards and QGIS internal representations.
Currently supported standards:
- GML2 - Geography Markup Language (import, export)
%End
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ class QgsPointLocator : QObject
{
%Docstring
The class defines interface for querying point location:
- query nearest vertices / edges to a point
- query vertices / edges in rectangle
- query areas covering a point
@@ -229,14 +229,15 @@ Breaks a provider data source URI into its component paths (e.g. file path, laye
:param uri: uri string
:return: map containing components. Standard components may include:
- "path": file path
- "layerName"
- "url": base URL, for online services
- "referer": referrer string, for HTTP requests
- "host": hostname, for database services
- "bounds": hardcoded layer bounds (as a QgsRectangle)
- "crs": CRS definition
- "authcfg": authentication configuration ID
- "path": file path
- "layerName"
- "url": base URL, for online services
- "referer": referrer string, for HTTP requests
- "host": hostname, for database services
- "bounds": hardcoded layer bounds (as a QgsRectangle)
- "crs": CRS definition
- "authcfg": authentication configuration ID
.. note::
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@ This class has all the configuration of snapping and can return answers to snapp
Internally, it keeps a cache of QgsPointLocator instances for multiple layers.
Currently it supports the following queries:
- snapToMap() - has multiple modes of operation
- snapToCurrentLayer()
For more complex queries it is possible to use locatorForLayer() method that returns
point locator instance with layer's indexed data.
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@ class QgsSpatialIndexKDBush
A very fast static spatial index for 2D points based on a flat KD-tree.
Compared to QgsSpatialIndex, this index:
- supports single point features only (no multipoints)
- is static (features cannot be added or removed from the index after construction)
- is much faster!
- allows direct retrieval of the original feature's points, without requiring additional feature requests
- supports true "distance based" searches, i.e. return all points within a radius
from a search point
QgsSpatialIndexKDBush objects are implicitly shared and can be inexpensively copied.
0 comments on commit c795ddb
Please sign in to comment.
You can't perform that action at this time.


text:
How many soldiers are usually in a platoon?
Three or four squads make up a platoon, which has 20 to 50 soldiers and is commanded by a lieutenant. Two or more platoons make up a company, which has 100 to 250 soldiers and is commanded by a captain or a major.
How many men are in a battalion in Vietnam?
BATTALION – organizational institution in the Army and Marine Corps. Commanded by a lieutenant colonel, an infantry battalion usually has around 900 people, and an artillery battalion of about 500 people. During the Vietnam War, American battalions were usually much smaller than that.
How many sections does a platoon have?
Platoon. A platoon is a part of an infantry company and is further divided into three or four sections.
How big was a squad in Vietnam?
Donald MacPherson. The Vietnam War was called A Platoon Leader's War, for the young lieutenants and their troops were often isolated by mountains and triple canopy forests. An infantry platoon is made up of four squads of ten men each; and, like Daniel Boone, the young leaders had independence of thought and action.
Who controls a platoon?
platoon, principal subdivision of a military company, battery, or troop. Usually commanded by a lieutenant, it consists of from 25 to 50 men organized into two or more sections, or squads, led by noncommissioned officers.
How many medics are in a platoon?
Combat medics are allocated to the Infantry companies on the basis of one combat medic per platoon, and one senior combat medic per company. The location of the combat medic is of extreme importance for rapid medical treatment of casualties.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Event Delegation in JavaScript
Adding a large number of event handlers to a page has an adverse affect on performance and a common technique for alleviating this problem is known as event delegation where we add a single event handler to a parent element somewhere up the heirarchy. This works due to the flow of events through the DOM, and I put the technique to good use in my Interactive Periodic Table. In this post I will demonstrate event delegation using a simplified version of the Periodic Table.
The screenshot below shows the simplified Periodic Table and the alert shown when a user clicks on one of the elements.
The whole onclick/alert thing is ostensibly very simple JavaScript but note that here we have 118 chemical elements, each waiting eagerly for someone to click on them. The table is populated by looping through the data, adding a <td> element for each. Within this loop we could add an onclick handler to each <td> but this would both increase the time taken to populate the table and take up a lot more memory.
How the code actually works is to add just one click event handler to the <table> element and allow the click events of the various <td> elements to bubble up the DOM, a far more efficient solution. Events actually bubble all the way up through the <html> element to the document itself so you can use event delegation at the level of the entire page if you need to.
The source code for this project is available as a ZIP or a Github repository, the links to which are below.
Source Code Links
ZIP File
GitHub
I won't list the entire code, just the parts relevant to event delegation which are in the periodictabledisplay.js file. This file contains a class called PeriodicTableDisplay and its constructor includes this line:
Adding a click event handler to the <table>
document.getElementById(this._tableid).addEventListener('click', event => this._elementClicked(event));
Now let's look at the _elementClicked function.
_elementClicked function
_elementClicked(event)
{
 let target = event.target;
 if(target.parentElement.classList.contains("elementcell"))
 {
 target = event.target.parentElement;
 }
 if(target.classList.contains("elementcell"))
 {
 let element = this._periodictable.GetElement(target.dataset.atomicnumber);
 let details = 'Name: ${element.name}\nAtomic Number: ${element.atomicnumber}\nChemical Symbol: ${element.symbol}';
 alert(details);
 }
}
The event object passed to the event handler has a property called target, this being the element which was actually clicked, so we need to figure out whether the user clicked a chemical element or some other part of the table which can be ignored. We do this by checking the target for a CSS class called elementcell. We also have the added complication that each <td> contains a <span> to show the chemical symbol, either of which can be clicked. If the user clicked on an element whose parent has the CSS class elementcell then it is a span and target is reassigned to its parent.
That is the end of the code relevant to event delegation but just for the sake of completeness, if the user clicked on an actual chemical element we pick up its atomic number, assemble a string of details and show it as an alert. For this I have used data attributes, discussed here Using HTML5 Data Attributes with JavaScript
Conclusion
As you can see event delegation is straightforward to implement. If you find yourself adding a large number of handlers for a particular type of event just do this instead:
 - Add a single event handler to the parent element of the elements raising the events
 - In the handler function identify the actual element raising the event through the event's target property. You will probably need to look at its id, class or data- attributes and perhaps use an if/else or switch/case construct.
Looking for a VPN?
StrongVPN is running a promotion where customers can get a permanent discount on the monthly plan for just $5 for life! Ends June 30, 2020.


text:
Poster for Jewish Luck (1925) by Natan Altman
Jewish Luck was among the first Soviet Yiddish films to be released in the US during the 1920s. Based on Sholem Aleichem's series of stories featuring the character Menakhem Mendl (played by the famous actor Solomon Mikhoels) the film revolves around the daydreaming entrepreneur Menakhem Mendl who specializes in doomed strike-it-rich schemes. Despite Jewish oppression by Tsarist Russia, Menakhem Mendl continues to pursue his dreams and his continued persistence transforms him from schlemiel to hero as the film uncovers the tragic underpinnings of Sholem Aleichem's comic tales. Notes Village Voice critic Georgia Brown, "The movie's best intertitle translated from Isaac Babel's Russian: 'What can you do when there is nothing to do?'"
A dramatized version of the Menkhem Mendl stories was first staged by the Moscow Yiddish State Theater, under the direction of Alexander Granovsky, who later made this silent film. Jewish Luck features some of the finest artistic talents of Soviet Jewry during this period. It has been speculated that the cinematography done by Eduard Tissé inspired the filming of certain scenes in one of his later projects, Sergei Eisenstein's The Battleship Potemkin (particularly the famous "Odessa steps" scene of that film, the same setting as the Jewish Luck finale). The original Russian intertitles were written by Soviet Jewish writer Isaac Babel, who later became a victim of the Stalinist purges in the late 1930s.


text:
Doctors are voicing concern that a lack of provincial funding for palliative care is pushing patients at the end of their lives to opt for doctor-assisted suicide instead. Since the province's medical aid in dying law came into effect in 2016, Quebec doctors say access to palliative care has decreased while requests for medical aid in dying have increased. The group said patients have told them that they are choosing assisted dying because they can't find adequate palliative care services.
A family physician who is leading the group and fighting against Quebec's assisted dying law in court, said fewer doctors have entered the field of palliative care since the law came into effect and that patients are suffering as a result.
People really are feeling a burden, financial stress, psychological stress and lack of autonomy. So what we want do is we want to give people what they need, and they need care and support.
The group also said the provincial government has provided them with little information on how they are managing the issue. They were promised that there would be a plan for the development of palliative care in Quebec and the commission asked for five years to develop this plan.
They are not the only doctors expressing concern about patients' access to palliative care. Physicians asking for more funding for specialized, palliative care.
Patients, failing to benefit from such care, could have no other choice but to ask for medical aid in dying to end their days in dignity. Patients who ask for medical aid in dying are given priority access to available resources to the detriment of other patients at the end of their lives.
The health ministry, on the other hand, said the province is progressing on this file and has been focusing resources on home palliative care. It's expected that more than 24,000 residents will use palliative care services by the end of the year, according to the province.


init__()
>>> c.increment()
>>> c.getvalue()
1
OpenReplica
OpenReplica provides easily launch for concoord on remote machines, and it is especially built to launch concoord instances on Amazon EC2 servers easily. In this section we cover how you can setup a set of machines and launch concoord remotely using OpenReplica.
How to start using Amazon EC2
You can easily launch your EC2 instances using the web interface provided by Amazon AWS. In this example we launch an instance running 64-bit Amazon Linux. Before you launch your instance, you will have to create a keypair to login to your instances, make sure to keep your private key safe. The best way is to move your key-pair to the .ssh directory once you download the [my-key-pair].pem file:
$ mv [my-key-pair].pem ~/.ssh/
$ ssh-add ~/.ssh/[my-key-pair].pem
Once you did these, now is the time to connect to your instance:
$ ssh -i [my-key-pair].pem ec2-user@[public_dns_name]
After this point on, you should be able to connect to your instance without explicitly passing the key as a parameter, as follows:
$ ssh ec2-user@[public_dns_name]
To enable execution of remote sudo commands SSH into your instance and run:
$ sudo visudo
In the file that opens find the line 'Defaults requiretty' and add line 'Defaults:ec2-user !requiretty' below it. Save the file and exit. The file opens with the vi editor. If you are not familiar with vi commands, to insert new text press i to go into insert mode and add the new line. After you are done, press ESC and ZZ to save and exit.
At this point, your EC2 instance should be easily accessible.
Using OpenReplica
Using OpenReplica developers can configure and remotely launch ConCoord instances on remote machines easily. Firstly, OpenReplica keeps the configuration information of machines that will be running the ConCoord instance. Secondly, using ConCoord developers can easily start replica and nameserver nodes on the machines that are added to the configuration. And lastly, using OpenReplica developers can easily manage EC2 instances.
Like ConCoord, OpenReplica can be used as a commandline script. It supports the following commands:
openreplica config - prints config file openreplica addsshkey [sshkeyfilename] - adds sshkey filename to config openreplica addusername [ssh username] - adds ssh username to config openreplica addnode [publicdns] - adds public dns for node to config openreplica setup [publicdns] - downloads and sets up concoord on the given node openreplica replica [concoord arguments] - starts a replica node on EC2 openreplica nameserver [concoord arguments] - starts a nameserver node on EC2
Setting up the Configuration
To use OpenReplica, you should first register the nodes you want to use. To register nodes, you will need the filename of the sshkey you use to ssh into these nodes, as well as the username.
To add the sshkey:
$ openreplica addsshkey [my-key-pair].pem
To add the username:
$ openreplica addusername ec2-user
To add a node:
$ openreplica addnode [public_dns_name]
When adding nodes to OpenReplica, it automatically checks the nodes for eligibility to run ConCoord and warns the user if an update or change is required. Similarly, if ConCoord cannot connect to the node, it lets the user know:
$ openreplica addsshkey concoord.pem
Adding SSHKEY to CONFIG: concoord.pem
$ openreplica addusername ec2-user
Adding USERNAME to CONFIG: ec2-user
$ openreplica addnode ec2-54-186-26-155.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
Adding NODE to CONFIG: ec2-54-186-26-155.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
Cannot connect to node, check if it is up and running.
Starting ConCoord Instances
Once OpenReplica is set up, nodes can be started as if they are being started on the local machine.
Starting Replica Nodes
To start a bootstrap replica node that doesn't need to be connected to another replica:
$ openreplica replica -o concoord.object.counter.Counter -a 127.0.0.1 -p 14000
To start replica nodes to join an active ConCoord instance:
$ openreplica replica -o concoord.object.counter.Counter -b 127.0.0.1:14000 -a 127.0.0.1 -p 14001
The nodes can also be run in the debug mode or with a logger with the commands shown below:
Usage: openreplica replica [-h] [-a ADDR] [-p PORT] [-b BOOTSTRAP]
 [-o OBJECTNAME] [-l LOGGER] [-n DOMAIN]
 [-r] [-w] [-d]
where,
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-a ADDR, --addr ADDR
 address for the node
-p PORT, --port PORT
 port for the node
-b BOOTSTRAP, --boot BOOTSTRAP
 address:port tuple for the bootstrap peer
-o OBJECTNAME, --objectname OBJECTNAME
 client object dotted name
-l LOGGER, --logger LOGGER
 logger address
-n DOMAIN, --domainname DOMAIN
 domain name that the name server will accept queries for
-r, --route53 use Route53
-w, --writetodisk
 writing to disk on/off
-d, --debug debug on/off
Starting Replicas as Name Servers
You can dynamically locate nodes in a given ConCoord instance using DNS queries if the instance includes replicas that can act as name servers. There are two ways you can run a ConCoord Replica as a name server.
 - Master Name Server: Keeps track of the view and responds to DNS queries itself. Requires su privileges to bind to port 53.
 - Route53 Name Server: Keeps track of the view and updates an Amazon Route53 account. Amazon Route53 answers to DNS queries on behalf of the slave name server. Requires a ready-to-use Amazon Route53 account.
Master Name Server
To use a replica node as a master name server first you have to setup the name server delegations (you can do this by updating the domain name server information of any domain name you own from the domain registrar you use (godaddy, namecheap etc.)). Once all the delegations are setup for the ip address the replica uses, you can start a replica node as a name server for counterdomain.com as follows:
$ openreplica replica -o concoord.object.counter.Counter -a 127.0.0.1 -n counterdomain.com
And to start the replica to join an already running ConCoord instance, provide the bootstrap:
$ openreplica replica -o concoord.object.counter.Counter -a 127.0.0.1 -b 127.0.0.1:14000 -n counterdomain.com
When the replica starts running, you can send queries for counterdomain.com and see the most current set of nodes as follows:
$ dig -t a counterdomain.com # returns set of Replicas
$ dig -t srv _concoord._tcp.counterdomain.com # returns set of Replicas with ports
$ dig -t txt counterdomain.com # returns set of all nodes
$ dig -t ns counterdomain.com # returns set of name servers
Amazon Route53 Name Server
First make sure that boto is installed on the machine you want to run the Route53 name server. OpenReplica tries to do this automatically when a replica is run as a Route53 name server, but if it fails to do so, you can easily install boto on the machine you want as follows:
$ pip install boto
Before starting a name server connected to Amazon Route53, you should have a Route53 account set up and ready to receive requests. This is done through the AWS Console (_URL_ by creating a new Hosted Zone to host your domain name.
After your Route53 account is set up, the name server can update Route53 records every time the view of the system changes.
To use the Name Server to update Amazon Route53, you should provide your AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY. You can retrieve these from the AWS Console (_URL_ by looking under


Skip to main content
Home » What's New » Bloggers Paradise
Bloggers Paradise
Even a blogger has to take a vacation some time or another. Heres some tips on how you an get your eyes to join in on the vacation.
Focus on providing relaxation to your eyes through the following ways:
1. Wear your corrective lenses (glasses or contacts) to allow clear comfortable vision
2. Use the 30/30 rule whenever you are reading or using a computer
3. Keep your eyes moist and hydrated – use artificial tears daily just as frequently as you would with hand lotion
30/30 RULE
The 30/30 rule is quite simple. After doing 30 minutes of reading or computer work, take at least 30 seconds off the near work.
Take your eyes away from the near object and look far away. If you are near a window, look out into the trees and the mountains. Blink your eyes several times while looking into the distance. Then you can continue on with the near activity for another 30 minutes.
Just as we get tired from work, school, or the gym our eyes can get overworked as well. Our busy western lives and modern age is infused with gagdets such as iphones, ipads, and laptops. We sit on these devices for several hours a day. Provide your eyes a break and step outside for a change. Enjoy your surroundings and relax.
We will be taking a few weeks break from the blogging world, hope you can enjoy some time to yourselves as well this spring break!


Quick Answer: How Much Is A Small Bale Of Hay?
How much does a 3x3x8 bale of hay weigh?
750 to 900 lbsThe 3x3x8 (sometimes a little shorter) work great.
They weight 750 to 900 lbs or so and flake off like small squares do.
Really like them because they handle easy and a smaller loader can pick them up and stack them, etc.
The 3x4x8 foot bales seem to weigh _PHONE_ lbs..
What is the going rate for baling hay?
HayingOperationMost Common 2016Baling – large round$12-15/bale$11-16/bale$10-13/bale$13/bale*39 more rows
How do I know if my hay is dry enough to bale?
Hay will not have completely cured in that time. He said many producers are using moisture probes to decide if hay is dry enough to bale, but probes measure the moisture only on the outside of the stem. Hay that measures 13 percent moisture can jump to 25 or 30 percent a few days after it's put up.
Can you bale hay at night?
How much does a round bale of hay cost 2020?
Large round bale straw averaged $58.00 per bale (a range of $40.00 – $85.00). In Nebraska, hay sold steady, demand is light in 2020. Some are having a hard time delivering hay because of muddy conditions. In Iowa, hay prices are lower compared to prices earlier in the fall.
How much does a rolled bale of hay weigh?
If you asked most people what the round bales they baled or bought weighed they would probably tell you a number between 1,000 and 1,200 pounds.
How many round bales of hay can you get from an acre?
How many square bales are in a 4×5 round bale?
For example, if the round bale weighs 1,000 pounds, then it equals 20 of your 50-pound small square bales. If the large round-bale weighs 1,200 pounds and the small square bales weigh 40 pounds, then one large round hay bale would be equal to 30 small square bales.
What size is a small bale of hay?
For farms and ranches feeding a small amount of livestock, small, squares bales are used because they can be easily carried by hand. The dimension of a small bale held together by three strings is approximately 16" high x 22" wide x 44" long (406.4 mm high x 558.8 mm wide x 1117.6 mm long) and usually weighs 100lbs.
How long after cutting hay can you bale it?
about three daysIt basically takes about three days of good weather to cure hay. This can be a challenge in late May or early June. A good strategy is to mow just before or right after a rain, because of the likelihood of good weather for the next few days.
How much is an acre of hay worth?
He says it costs about $297 per acre to seed and prepare hay ground. "You are going to get more than three years out of that, but if we use three years, that's about $100 per acre per year," Brown says. "If you are getting $125 per ton for quality hay, you are going to see a profit of $51 per ton, or $204 per acre.
How much is hay selling for?
Of course, this a supply/demand story right now for the hay market. Large round bales of hay are selling for $75 to $90 per ton higher than a year ago, McGill says. Specifically, alfalfa-grade hay bales are priced between $140 and $165 per ton, while grass, midquality hay bales are selling for $125 to $150 per ton.
How many times a year can you harvest hay?
Depending on the soil condition, hay type and when it is sowed and harvested, it may be possible to get two or even three cuttings of hay in one year. Once the hay is cut and dry, it is time for baling.
What are the different sizes of hay bales?
How Much Does a Bale of Hay Weigh?Small 2 string square bale 14"x18"x36" 40 to 60 lbs.Small 3 wire square bale 16"x22"x44" 100 to 120 lbs.Large square bale 3 ft. x 4 ft. x 8 ft. 1200 to 2,000 lbs.Round bale 48" wide x 60" dia. 600 to 1,200 lbs.
Is hay just long grass?
Hay is a grass or can be a form of grass. When referring to it as a form of grass, it is a cut grass that has been cut then dried for the purpose of becoming an animal feed or food. … Moreover, hay can also refer to a mixture of different species of grasses.
What size is a standard hay bale?
They come in different sizes ranging from 2-string (18 inches or 460mm), either by 14 or 16 inches (350mm to 400mm) high and 32 to 48 inches (0.8 to 1.2m) long, to 3-string that are 21 in wide, by 16 inches high, by 3 to 4 feet long. They are also called commercial bales.
How much does a small bale of hay weigh?
between 90 and 110 poundsDepending on the type of hay, our small bales typically average between 90 and 110 pounds. There is always variability and we cannot guarantee precise bale weights.
How much does a 4×6 bale of hay weigh?
TablesBale Size (ft)Est. Bale Weight 2 (lb)Bales Needed per Week for 25 Cows4x58006.64×61,1534.65×51,0005.35×61,4413.72 more rows
Is Hay a cash crop?
Over the last few years many hay acres have been planted to cash grain crops. … Combining fewer acres in hay production with decreased forage yields, the supply of hay is low. Consequently, hay prices are strong and in demand.
How many small bales of hay are in a ton?
A ton: 2000# pounds of hay to the ton. A retail three string bale weighs 100 # there are 20 bales in a ton. A "feed store ton" can be 16 bales. A semi holds 24 tons on a truck.


text:
The first step of pcb proofing is to get a PCB. First, record the models, parameters and positions of all the elements on the paper, especially the directions of diodes, three machine tubes and IC notches. It is better to take two photos of the position of the pneumatIC parts with a digital CAMera.
In the second step of PCB proofing, remove all components and remove the tin from the PAD hole. Clean the PCB with alcohol, and then put it into the scanner. When the scanner scans, it needs to slightly raise some scanning pixels to get a clearer image. Start POHTOSHOP, scan the screen printing surface in color mode, save the file and print it for backup.
In the third step of pcb proofing, slightly polish the two layers of TOP LAYER and BOTTOM LAYER with water gauze until the copper film is bright, put them into the scanner, start PHOTOSHOP, and scan the two layers in color mode. Note that the PCB must be placed horizontally and vertically in the scanner, otherwise the scanned image cannot be used, and the file should be saved.
In the fourth step of pcb proofing, adjust the contrast and lightness of the canvas to make the part with copper film and the part without copper film have a strong contrast. Then turn the secondary image to black and white to check whether the lines are clear. If not, repeat this step. If the image is clear, save it as a black and white BMP file TOP.BMP and BOT.BMP. If you find a problem with the image, you can also use PHOTOSHOP to repair it.
In the fifth step of pcb proofing, convert two BMP files into PROTEL files, and transfer two layers into PROTEL. If the positions of PAD and VIA passing through the two layers basically coincide, the previous steps are well done. If there is any deviation, repeat the third step.
The sixth part of pcb proofing is to convert the BMP of the TOP layer to the TOP. PCB. Note that it should be converted to the SILK layer, which is the yellow layer. Then you can trace lines on the TOP layer and place devices according to the drawings in the second step. Delete SILK layer after drawing.
In the seventh step of pcb proofing, convert the BMP of the BOT layer to the BOT. PCB. Note that it should be converted to the SILK layer, which is the yellow layer. Then you can trace lines on the BOT layer. Delete SILK layer after drawing.
In the eighth step of pcb proofing, call TOP.PCB and BOT.PCB in PROTEL and combine them into one diagram.
In the ninth step of pcb proofing, use a laser printer to print the TOP LAYER and BOTTOM LAYER on the transparent film (1:1 ratio), place the film on that PCB, and compare whether there is any error. If it is correct, you will be finished.
Others: If it is a multilayer board, you should carefully polish it to the inner layer, and repeat the third to ninth steps. Of course, the naming of the figure is different. It should be determined according to the number of layers. Generally, the double-sided board is much SIMpler than the Multilayer board. The multilayer board is prone to misaligned, so the multilayer board should be particularly careful and careful (the internal through hole and non through hole are prone to problems).


text:
The New Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival and the Institute for Policy Studies recently released its in-depth audit entitled "The Souls of Poor Folk."
The Souls of Poor Folk traces the 50 years since 1968, when Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and thousands of Americans, alarmed at their government's blindness to human need, launched the Poor People's Campaign. This document examines what the Campaign has identified as the "Four Evils": structural racism, poverty, the war economy / militarism, and environmental devastation. You can read the full report here.


text:
Virginia State Route 244
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|Maintained by VDOT|
|Length:||8.25 mi (13.28 km)|
|Existed:||1933 – present|
|West end:||SR 236 in Annandale|
|East end:||SR 27 at the Pentagon|
State Route 244, also known as Columbia Pike, is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is a four-lane road that runs from State Route 236 (Little River Turnpike) in Annandale, Fairfax County east to State Route 27 at the Pentagon in Arlington County.
Columbia Pike dates to 1810 when the U.S. Congress chartered a turnpike Company to build three separate roads through the newly-formed District of Columbia to outlying destinations. One of these roads was to be built through a portion of the District of Columbia that had previously been part of Virginia. This portion was then known as Alexandria County, D.C. (now Arlington County, Virginia). The purpose of this road was to provide access westward from the new Long Bridge that predated the 14th Street Bridge complex to the Little River Turnpike Road, now Virginia State Route 236. The new road was built on a pre-existing cow path as the Washington Graveled Turnpike and was also known as the Washington Road, the Columbian Road, and the Arlington Turnpike.
Columbia Pike was first numbered as State Route 720 in 1930 from U.S. Route 1 near the Long Bridge west for around 1 mile (1.6 km). In the 1933 renumbering, it was renumbered State Route 244 and the numbering was extended first to State Route 7 at Bailey's Crossroads and then, between 1934 and 1937, further west to its current terminus at SR 236 in Annandale. With the construction of the Pentagon Columbia Pike was replaced by the Shirley Highway as the Virginia approach to the Long Bridge/14th Street Bridge. By 1944, SR 244 was truncated at the Pentagon; the piece curving away from the original alignment became a state highway in 1964. Until the 1990s, Columbia Pike accommodated rush hour traffic by reversing the direction of one lane using overhead signals. In October 2010, Virginia transferred responsibility for the eastern portion of Columbia Pike to Arlington County.
Contemporary Columbia Pike
The road is a center for Arlington's immigrant community, with many stores, restaurants, and other businesses representing south Arlington's cultural diversity. Also, a weekly farmer's market is held each Sunday during the warmer months of the year. The Pike is intersected by the Four Mile Run Trail and the Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Trail, multi-use trails for pedestrians and cyclists leading northwest to Glencarlyn Park and southeast to Shirlington, at South Four Mile Run Drive.
In 2002, Arlington County adopted the Columbia Pike Initiative, a revitalization plan for the three-and-a-half mile corridor in Arlington. The plan called for development of a high-capacity transit system. The Columbia Pike Initiative was followed in 2003 by adoption of the Form Based Code, which guides development along Columbia Pike. In 2004, the Columbia Pike Street Space Planning Task Force recommended future transit operate in mixed traffic and that the transitway be located in the curb lanes.
Recent efforts by the Columbia Pike Revitalization Organization include the replacement of older traffic signals with newer and more aesthetic ones, and the addition of brick texture to crosswalks. County officials also teamed up with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority to increase mass transit service along the corridor. This new program called Pike Ride remodeled bus stops and doubled bus frequency along Columbia Pike. In 2006, the Arlington County and Fairfax County Board of Supervisors approved plans of bringing railed streetcars to Columbia Pike along an either a 5 or 6-mile (9.7 km) stretch from the Pentagon to the Skyline area.
|Fairfax||Annandale||0.00||SR 236 (Little River Turnpike)||Western terminus|
|Bailey's Crossroads||4.06||SR 7 (Leesburg Pike)|
|Arlington||Westmont||6.25||SR 120 (S. Glebe Road)|
|7.28||SR 27 west (Washington Boulevard)||Partial cloverleaf interchange|
|The Pentagon||8.25||SR 27 east (Washington Boulevard)||Eastern terminus at Rotary Road|
|1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi|
- ^ a b 2010 Virginia Department of Transportation Jurisdiction Report - Daily Traffic Volume Estimates - Fairfax County
- ^ a b 2010 Virginia Department of Transportation Jurisdiction Report - Daily Traffic Volume Estimates - Arlington County
- ^ An Act to incorporate a company for making certain turnpike roads in the District of Columbia, 2 U.S. Statutes at Large 570 (Apr. 20, 1810). Unfortunately, the date is erroneously given as 1808 in some texts, which has led to confusion. See, e.g., C.B. Rose, Jr., Arlington County, Virginia: A History, p. 76 (1976).
- ^ "Commonwealth Transportation Board Approves Pike Transfer to Arlington". Arlington County. September 16, 2010. _URL_ Retrieved December 4, 2010.
- ^ a b News Release: Board Endorses Streetcars for Columbia Pike in official website of the government of Arlington County, VA, April 26, 2006. Accessed May 8, 2009.
- ^ Fairfax Co. Backs Trolley Proposal Along Columbia Pike in wtop.com: official website of WTOP, May 1, 2006. Accessed May 8, 2009.
- Virginia Highways Project: VA 244
- Columbia Pike Revitalization Organization
- Arlington's Urban Villages- Columbia Pike
- Washington Post article about proposed street cars along Columbia Pike
- Columbia Pike Transit Initiative
|< SR 719||District 7 State Routes
|SR 721 >|


text:
Beyond FUN: BLACK, WHITE, JUST RIGHT!
I'd seen this title on various lists of books for children of mixed-race heritage over the past few years. Published in 1993, it was clearly written with the goal of helping children of mixed-race parentage understand the special place they occupy in their families. The first-person narrator of this book, who never reveals her name, cheerfully runs through the various ways in which her parents differ, and how she fits very happily in the middle of those differences:
"Mama's face is chestnut brown. Her dark brown eyes bright as bees. Papa's face turns pink in the sun; his blue eyes squinch up when he smiles. My face? I look like both of them—a little dark, a little light. Mama and Papa say, 'Just right!'"
Colorful illustrations by Irene Trivas bring the words of author Marguerite Davol to life in a spunky, feel-good read. Davol's photo of herself with her two "just-right" grandchildren gives young readers an additional glimpse at a diverse family that just might reflect their own. The cover glimpse of a little girl smiling at herself in a mirror sets the tone of positive self-esteem and self-image that permeates this little gem of a book.


Tuesday, August 3, 2010
August 3, 2010 : Goblin Shark
Goblin Shark
The goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni, is a deep-sea shark, the sole living species in the family Mitsukurinidae. The most distinctive characteristic of the goblin shark is the unorthodox shape of its head. It has a long, trowel-shaped, beak-like rostrum or snout, much longer than other sharks' snouts. Some other distinguishing characteristics of the shark are the color of its body, which is mostly pink, and its long, protrusible jaws. When the jaws are retracted, the shark resembles a pink grey nurse shark, Carcharias taurus, with an unusually long nose.
Mitsukurina owstoni is found in the deep ocean, far below where the sun's light can reach at depths greater than 200 m. They can be found throughout the world, from Australia in the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico in the Atlantic Ocean. They are best known from the waters around Japan, where the species was first discovered.

Goblin sharks feed on a variety of organisms that live in deep waters. Among some of their known prey are deep-sea squid, crabs and deep-sea fish. Very little is known about the species' life history and reproductive habits, as encounters with them have been relatively rare. As seemingly rare as they are however, there seems to be no real threat to their populations and so they are not classified as endangered species by the IUCN.
No comments:
Post a Comment


Acepromazine: Why I'm not a big fan when it comes to sedation via 'ace'
Patty Khuly, DVM
Updated: March 07, 2017
Published: October 22, 2009
Share this:
In this week's post on my Slumdog's recent need for sedation, the tranquilizer known as acepromazine was addressed in response to a round of questions. As in––Why wouldn't you use this tried and true veterinary drug on your own dog?
When I offered my answer, I received a comment urging me to be more clear about "ace" so that pet owners wouldn't get a one-sided view of this popular drug. In response, I thought it wise to provide a more complete rendering of the issues involved in its usage––especially since acepromazine is veterinary medicine's go-to tranquilizer.
This drug is used in a variety of ways in veterinary medicine. Here are the most commonly applied indications in cat and dog medicine:
 - as an oral sedative for travel, during storms and before grooming or veterinary visits
 - as an injectable tranquilizing agent to address aggressive, fractious or disruptive behaviors in hospital settings
 - in small doses (and typically in combination with an opiate), as an injectable anesthetic pre-medication
 - in small doses in combination with pain relievers post operatively to enhance the effect or lower the dose of the analgesic
In the last two cases, I employ acepromazine often (though by no means always). Pre-op, it's used to lower the dose of anesthetic induction agents to follow, lower blood pressure slightly, reduce the potential for arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms) and vomiting, and to confer mild relaxation prior to the procedure. Post-op, its synergistic effects with drugs like opiates mean that a small dose of acepromazine makes the pain relievers more effective in smaller doses.
That's why I like ace. But I don't tend to reach for acepromazine in the first two instances (for which sedation is the ultimate goal). I happen to believe the side effects related to acepromazine outweigh its benefits in these cases given that plenty of other drugs provide safer, more comfortable alternatives if a quiet animal is your goal. Here's the down-side of its uses as a tranquilizer/sedative, as presented by Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook (which I urge you all to buy):
 - It reduces the seizure threshold in animals and can bring on seizures in pets predisposed to them (epileptics, brain tumor patients, etc.).
 - At the labeled therapeutic dose indicated for sedation/tranquilization, it can cause profound hypotension (low blood pressure) in some animals.
 - Giant breed dogs and sighthounds can experience extremely deep sedation and prolonged recovery times (indeed, I once saw a greyhound sleep like the dead for two days after half the normal dose was administered intramuscularly)
 - "Acepromazine should be used very cautiously as a restraining agent in aggressive dogs, as it may make the animal more prone to startle and react to noises or other sensory inputs."
 - In fact, aggressive dogs can sometimes become more aggressive after receiving acepromazine. It's posited that the dysphoria associated with this class of tranquilizing drugs is responsible for this.
 - "Acepromazine has no analgesic effects." It does not relieve pain. (Though this is not really a down-side unless you're performing a procedure without other pain relievers on board.)
 - Despite its anti-arrhythmia qualities, it's been observed that boxers can suffer life-threatening arrhythmias with acepromazine––albeit rarely. Veterinarians must always be mindful of this when using ace in boxers.
Further, Plumb's goes on to explain that,
"The use of acepromazine as a sedative/tranquilizer in the treatment of adverse behaviors in dogs or cats has largely been supplanted by newer, effective agents, that have fewer adverse effects.
"Its use for sedation during travel is controversial, and many no longer recommend drug therapy for this purpose."
It's also believed that acepromazine, used freely for noise phobia, may actually heighten pets' sensitivity to noise. For this reason, one of my local behaviorists is especially opposed to its use during storm or fireworks season.
All good points. But for me, the larger issue is this: With acepromazine, the potential for dysphoria (an unhappy feeling) is high. Though we have no way of confirming this (except by inference, as in the case of heightened aggression in dogs who receive ace), we do know that similar tranquilizers in humans have fallen out of favor due to their dysphoric effects on people.
Consider Thorazine (chlorpromazine): This drool-on-yourself, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest kind of tranquilizer was once ubiquitous in human psych wards. Though this acepromazine-like drug is still used, it's not exactly a kind drug when used in big, human-stopping doses. Still, nothing quiets a raging psychotic like Thorazine does. Same goes for acepromazine in pets. It stops them. And that's why we like it.
Problem is, not only do we have the case of dysphoria and Thorazine to consider, we also happen to know that acepromazine causes even more profound dysphoria in humans than "Vitamin T" does. That's why humans very rarely abuse it.
You may abhor the comparison between humans and animals in this case. After all, humans and animals don't react the same way to all kinds of drugs. Nonetheless, neglecting to use human drug reactions as a starting point for how these drugs might theoretically act in animals seems a silly thing to do. But we do so all the time in cases where psychology is involved. As if animals might not experience similar alterations in brain chemicals in the same way...simply because we can't ask them how they feel.
Same is true for how pain relief has historically been treated in animals, infants and children. When we can't measure the psychological effects of pain, we've been––until very recently––reluctant to offer chemical relief for it.
Human and animal comparisons aside, I have a problem with acepromazine not only because of the potential for dysphoria, but because it doesn't address the underlying problem: anxiety. Sure, it keeps staff safe, but all kinds of drugs can do that...while inducing drowsiness and offering the minimized awareness we associate with comfortable sedation in ourselves. Ace, by contrast, doesn't necessarily achieve this.
Again, if animals are like humans, the tranquilization acepromazine offers allows for continued awareness (perhaps even heightened awareness). In fact, that's technically the difference between a tranquilizer and a sedative. Tranquilizers, by definition, allow you to retain some awareness.
Then there's the issue of its "overuse" as a sedative.
Acepromazine is tried and true. We're comfortable with it. And for some reason, switching from ace to something else––even while all the research tells us it's safer––is a stressful process for all practitioners. Knowing the ins and outs of how our favorite drug works means more safety in the short run...even though we know better choices are available when it comes to achieving a quiet animal.
That's why, I believe, acepromazine continues to hold sway in small animal veterinary medicine for sedation. That, its low abuse potential, its relative safety, its effectiveness...and the price factor, of course. Because it's way cheaper than alternatives like dexmedetomidine and way less "abuse-prone" than hydromorphone (a morphine-like opiate), we tend to stick to it.
But that's not acceptable as a matter of course say some anesthesiologists and behaviorists. They point out that the very issues that make acepromazine so popular are those that lead to its abuse: grooming and boarding facilities that "ace" everything when things get noisy, veterinary hospitals that hand out ace like pez for every kind of restless pet scenario, veterinarians who ace all aggressive dogs first and ask questions later, etc.
It's not appropriate to reach for acepromazine in these cases...perhaps not for any kind of scenario in which sedation is the goal, it's increasingly argued. Not as long as better options are out there that can achieve the same effects more safely and with greater attention to the animal welfare issues involved.
After all, offering ace as a sedative isn't helpful to your pet if her brain doesn't quiet down along with her body. And it's primarily on this basis that I object to ace: Sedating pets without regard for what they may experience is the height of human hubris. Especially when there's a better way.


text:
Fragment caching is used for caching various blocks within templates without caching the entire action as a whole. This is useful when certain elements of an action change frequently or depend on complicated state while other parts rarely change or can be shared amongst multiple parties. The caching is doing using the cache helper available in the Action View. A template with caching might look something like:
Hello <%= _USER_ %> <% cache do %> All the topics in the system: <%= render_collection_of_partials "topic", Topic.find_all %> <% end %>
This cache will bind to the name of action that called it. So you would be able to invalidate it using expire_fragment(:controller => "topics", :action => "list") — if that was the controller/action used. This is not too helpful if you need to cache multiple fragments per action or if the action itself is cached using caches_action. So instead we should qualify the name of the action used with something like:
<% cache(:action => "list", :action_suffix => "all_topics") do %>
That would result in a name such as "/topics/list/all_topics", which wouldn't conflict with any action cache and neither with another fragment using a different suffix. Note that the URL doesn't have to really exist or be callable. We're just using the url_for system to generate unique cache names that we can refer to later for expirations. The expiration call for this example would be expire_fragment(:controller => "topics", :action => "list", :action_suffix => "all_topics").
In order to use the fragment caching, you need to designate where the caches should be stored. This is done by assigning a fragment store of which there are four different kinds:
- FileStore: Keeps the fragments on disk in the cache_path, which works well for all types of environments and shares the fragments for all the web server processes running off the same application directory.
- MemoryStore: Keeps the fragments in memory, which is fine for WEBrick and for FCGI (if you don't care that each FCGI process holds its own fragment store). It's not suitable for CGI as the process is thrown away at the end of each request. It can potentially also take up a lot of memory since each process keeps all the caches in memory.
- DRbStore: Keeps the fragments in the memory of a separate, shared DRb process. This works for all environments and only keeps one cache around for all processes, but requires that you run and manage a separate DRb process.
- MemCacheStore: Works like DRbStore, but uses Danga's MemCache instead. Requires the ruby-memcache library: gem install ruby-memcache.
Configuration examples (MemoryStore is the default):
ActionController::Base.fragment_cache_store = :memory_store ActionController::Base.fragment_cache_store = :file_store, "/path/to/cache/directory" ActionController::Base.fragment_cache_store = :drb_store, "druby://localhost:9192" ActionController::Base.fragment_cache_store = :mem_cache_store, "localhost" ActionController::Base.fragment_cache_store = MyOwnStore.new("parameter")
One of the common ways of using fragment caching is to cache content that's shared across the site (eg. left navigation, menus, widgets etc.) that looks and works the same regardless of the name of the action or controller calling it. In such cases it's very easy to just use named fragment caching eg.:
<% cache('left_nav') do -%> <%= display_left_nav -%> <% end -%>


text:
2012-2013: Gerd Kortemeyer, Philip Tan, Zach Sherin, Ryan Cheu, Steven Schirra & Sonny Sidhu
OpenRelativity is an open-source toolkit to simulate effects of special relativity by varying the speed of light. Developed by the MIT Game Lab, it contains open-source code for public use with the free and paid versions of the Unity engine. The toolkit was developed during the creation of the game A Slower Speed of Light.
An intuitive understanding of travel near the speed of light can be difficult to develop. The concepts involved in special relativity seem remote and inaccessible to us in our daily lives. Students and teachers of special relativity have very little in the way of tangible demonstrations, and are typically expected to develop understanding solely through the reading and working of theoretical problems.
Intended for game developers, educators, and anyone interested in physics, OpenRelativity can help people create, test, and share experiments to explore the effects of special relativity. By releasing the tool set as an open-source code library, interested developers can also create and distribute new games or simulations that feature the effects of traveling near the speed of light.
Education can be assisted through the use of games and other interactive media, especially for topics that frequently are hard to understand and visualize. The toolset can help educators create new demonstrations to provide an intuitive, useful understanding of a dense and complex topic. At the same time, these tools make the visually stunning effects of traveling near the speed of light available to game developers, increasing awareness about the topic to people who may have never encountered it. Our hope is that software created with OpenRelativity will allow a greater number of people access to a field that is often regarded as difficult to comprehend.
- 3D Lorentz transformation of stationary or constant-velocity geometry
- Time dilation of moving objects
- Relativistic doppler shift of objects moving relative to the camera
- Searchlight/headlight effect as perceived by a moving camera
- Runtime of light effects when events are perceived by the camera
Technical Support and Bug Reports
Please direct bug reports, technical questions, and problems to _EMAIL_.
See OpenRelativity in action in the following games (contact _EMAIL_ if you make a project with this toolkit and want it added to our list):
2012, MIT Game Lab
A Slower Speed of Light is a first-person game in which players navigate a 3D space while picking up orbs that reduce the speed of light in increments. Visual effects of special relativity gradually become apparent to the player, increasing the challenge of gameplay. Players can choose to share their mastery and experience of the game through Twitter. A Slower Speed of Light combines accessible gameplay and a fantasy setting with theoretical and computational physics research to deliver an engaging and pedagogically rich experience.


text:
About Eco-Friendly Bismuth Shotgun Shells
Shotgun shells have long been a staple in the world of ammunition. However, recent advancements in technology have given rise to a revolutionary alternative: bismuth shotgun shells. These innovative rounds are quickly gaining popularity among hunters and sport shooters alike, thanks to their unique properties and numerous advantages. In this article, we will delve into the rise of bismuth shotgun shells, unveil their advantages, and explore the future they hold in the world of shotshells.
The Rise of Bismuth Shotgun Shells: A Game-Changer in Ammunition
Bismuth shotgun shells have emerged as a game-changer in the field of ammunition due to their exceptional performance and safety features. Bismuth, a naturally occurring element, has replaced traditional lead in shotgun shells, making them an attractive alternative for environmentally-conscious individuals. The use of bismuth eliminates the risk of lead contamination, which is a significant concern for wildlife and humans alike.
Moreover, bismuth shotgun shells offer superior ballistic performance. With a density that is lower than lead but higher than steel, bismuth pellets possess excellent energy transfer and penetration capabilities. This unique attribute allows for cleaner kills and reduced wounding of game, making bismuth shotgun shells a top choice for ethical hunters who prioritize minimizing suffering.
Unveiling the Advantages of Bismuth Shotgun Shells: Safer, Eco-friendly, and High-Performance
One of the most significant advantages of bismuth shotgun shells is their improved safety profile. Unlike lead, bismuth is non-toxic, making it a safer choice for both shooters and those who come into contact with the environment. This makes them particularly appealing for use in wetlands, where lead shot restrictions are often in place to protect waterfowl and other wildlife.
In addition to being safer, bismuth shotgun shells are also more eco-friendly. Their non-toxic nature means they do not have the same detrimental impact on the environment as lead shot. By choosing bismuth, shooters can actively contribute to the conservation of natural habitats and the preservation of wildlife populations.
Furthermore, bismuth shotgun shells offer impressive performance characteristics. They pattern well and maintain a stable trajectory, resulting in more accurate shots and consistent results. Their high-density composition ensures deep penetration and excellent knockdown power, making them a reliable choice for various hunting applications.
Exploring the Future of Shotshells: Bismuth Ammunition Takes Center Stage
As the demand for environmentally friendly ammunition grows, bismuth shotgun shells are poised to take center stage in the world of shotshells. With increased awareness of the harmful effects of lead on wildlife and ecosystems, hunters and sport shooters are seeking alternative options that do not compromise on performance.
The future of bismuth ammunition looks promising. Ongoing research and development are focused on enhancing the ballistic properties and cost-effectiveness of these shells, making them more accessible to a wider range of individuals. Additionally, manufacturers are working towards expanding the range of shotgun gauges and loads available in bismuth, further solidifying its position as a versatile and reliable choice for shooters.
Bismuth shotgun shells have undoubtedly revolutionized the world of ammunition. With their safety benefits, eco-friendly nature, and high-performance characteristics, they have proven to be a game-changer for shooters worldwide. As they continue to gain popularity, bismuth ammunition is set to reshape the future of shotshells, offering a sustainable and effective alternative to traditional lead-based rounds.
# # #


text: Giant Funupolope is similar to snails on Earth. It has a hard shell, no legs and it uses slime to move. They are the size of a small Pug. They feed off of jungle biome leaves, ferns and bone to make their shell. They live in the jungle biome. They are hermaphrodites, both female and male. It is for the same reason snails are hermaphrodites on earth, they are not very fast moving.


text: In this study, the natural evolution and human disturbance of interconnected river system networks in the nearly one the thousand years in Huai River Basin were analyzed, and the causes were discussed. Furthermore, some urgent resolved scientific questions were proposed. The results showed that: the current interconnected river system was the integrated flooding control, drainage, irrigation, and water supply system which was formed during the long-term struggling against the flooding and sediment of Yellow River. It obeyed the natural rules and considered the development of soc-economy. The main rivers and tributaries were regulated by human activites, the natural-artificial river networks were anastomatic, the water exchange between rivers and lakes was frequent, and the sea-entryway and Yangtze-entryway was straightway, the river systems were interconnected with Yellow River, Yangtze River and Hai River. The interconnected river system networks pattern resolved the problems that the flooding had no way to sea and the floods happened frequently. The river system networks promoted the economy development and the society unity in Huai River Basin, but also brought a certain negative impact on ecosystem and environment. The studies on the water resource variation, the eco-environmental and soc-economic pattern influences under the impact of interconnected river system were some urgent resolved scientific questions in current interconnected river system networks.


text:
In contrast, the equation:
In other words, the first equation has distinct roots, while the second does not. (In the general theory, the discriminant is introduced to explain this.)
Along the same lines, one can prove that x and y are distinct by finding some function f and proving that f(x) and f(y) are distinct. This may seem like a simple idea, and it is, but many deep results in mathematics concern when you can prove distinctness by particular methods. For example,
Limitation Convention - Article 6 "All You Need is Common Sense for a Distinct Occasion".(Strong Wise Ltd. v. Esso Australia Resources Pty Ltd and BHP Billiton Petroleum (Bass Strait) Pty Ltd)(Australia. Federal Court of Australia)(Case overview)
Jul 28, 2010; Introduction Justice Rares of the Australian Federal Court recently handed down a landmark judgment concerning limitation of...


text: In this study, an extended A-V formulation is used to determine the alternating current (AC) losses of a coil made of high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape. The current is the same at each turn by balancing the voltages of each turn. By this modification, this method can be applied in a wide application area. This method also provides the chance to determine the calculations at currents higher than the critical current values in a more stable way. The AC loss characteristics of the pancake coil are examined in detail by changing the current value and frequency. Also, the losses at individual turns (1st, 5th, and 10th) are presented. It was seen that the most outer and inner turns have higher losses than that of the other turns. The AC loss results obtained from the extended A-V formulation used in this study are compared with experimental and H-formulation-based results and are in good agreement. The frequency dependence of the pancake coil's loss is revealed at 5 frequency values. The results show that the loss is frequency and current amplitude dependent as expected. Similarly, the calculated losses for each frequency are in good agreement with that obtained from the H-formulation. The current distributions of a single tape and the entire coil are also presented, and all results are discussed in detail.


text:
Source Organization: Edinburgh Centre for Carbon Management and UN Environment Program
This tool from the Edinburgh Cenre for Carbon Management and UNEP helps business assess the quality of their systems for Carbon Management; that is, their ability to respond effectively and efficiently to the risks and opportunities that climate change presents. This tool is for companies with an interest in maintaining or strengthening their environmental reputation and/or those whose business that may be affected by policies intended to address climate change. CAMSAT comprises 23 multiple-choice questions in 5 sections, covering the major aspects of carbon management (Assessment and Monitoring of GHG Emissions; Emission Reducing Activities; Carbon Offset Strategies; Communication and Reporting; and Assessment of Carbon Risks and Opportunities). The results of the test will give company's an overall score and identify areas that may require further attention. The exercise takes about 30 minutes to complete.


text:
The Beginnings of Baptist Hospital - 1920s
- Old Main (1923)
- Progressive Care (1928) - Originally built as the Blanche Barrus Nurses' Home
Old Main (1923)
Old Main was the original Baptist Hospital building. The five story, 80 bed facility was officially dedicated on May 28, 1923. On October 24, 1978 the building was demolished to make room for Watlington Hall. In 1920 the Baptist State Convention appointed a committee to select a site for the hospital. The four largest cities in North Carolina were possible options: Charlotte, Winston-Salem, Greensboro and Raleigh. The winning site was of course Winston-Salem. Construction began in 1921.
For a history of NCBH and the School of Nursing, read Ms. Heinzerling's 1960 manuscript.
Although this photograph has "30" in the upper right corner, this picture most likely is not from 1930. Rather, this photograph is probably from around 1923 when the building was completed, as there are no grown trees or bushes in the front.
The site the Baptist State Convention building committee chose was an 11.2 acre, undeveloped piece of land in the Ardmore section of Winston-Salem. The land was heavily wooded with a small brook. It has been written that the tract of land was known as the "wilds of Ardmore." Ardmore as a whole was not fully developed at this time. Only two houses faced the hospital, and there were two paved roads: Hawthorne and Queen Street.
This is another photograph of Old Main. Here small trees and bushes are apparent, so it must be later than the previous picture but earlier than 1941, as the medical school building is not visible.
When the hospital first opened, the first floor was made up of offices, a sitting room, x-ray department, nurses' dining room, switch-board and kitchens. The Director of Nurses also lived on the first floor in her own suite. During the first year of operation, the hospital only used two floors for patients, the third and fourth floors. The third floor was for obstetrical patients while the fourth floor was for medicine and surgery for adults and children. The fifth floor was used as living facilities for the nurses of the Nursing School. During the first week of operation, twenty five patients were admitted to the new hospital.
Another photograph of Old Main with its original entrance and no medical school building to be seen. Once again, the small trees and bushes lead one to believe the date is sometime after 1923 but before 1941. One source lists the date as 1928.
In 1978 the demolition of Old Main began, much to the reluctance of Medical Center staff. It was necessary to tear down the historic building because it was not fire-proof, thus making it unusable for patient care, and renovating it for office space was not economically feasible.
A funeral of sorts was held for the building on October 11,1978 before demolition began. Many people involved in the Medical Center's growth spoke about Old Main during a memorial service for the building.
This photograph has "1923" labeled in the lower left corner, but this too is unlikely the photograph's date as there are mature trees and bushes around the building. The photograph was taken by Dr. W.H. Sprunt, an employee at the hospital.
In 1948 the hospital underwent some construction that changed Old Main's entrance.
This undated photograph shows Old Main's new entrance (1948) as well as the first medical school building (right).
Progressive Care Building (Blanche Barrus Nurses' Home) 1928
What is now known as the Progressive Care Building, was once the Blanche Barrus Nurses' Home. Completed in 1928, makes Progressive Care the oldest standing building at the Medical Center. This facility is easily noticeable on the corner of Hawthorne Road and Medical Center Boulevard.
North Carolina Baptist Hospital was home to a Nursing School, and it was customary for the students to live in the hospital. Soon enough, the nursing program outgrew its residences on the fifth floor of the hospital making the construction of a new home necessary.
The home was dedicated to Blanche Barrus, the first paid, full-time secretary of the Woman's Missionary Union (WMU). Blanche Barrus traveled the state spreading her missionary goals, and then worked on obtaining her medical degree in order to become a medical missionary. Just before completing her internship, Blanche Barrus became ill and died.
Two nursing students shared each bedroom with a full bathroom between every two rooms. There was even a classroom in the basement. In 1936 an additional eighteen bedrooms were built as well as a front porch.
The nurse in the right photograph is Lucille Cain Hartman, class of 1932.
In 1959 renovations began on the Nurses' home to convert it to a progressive care center. The nurses moved into the Twin Castles Apartments, adjacent to the hospital.
The Progressive Care Center opened in 1961 and provided seventy-nine hotel type patient rooms, bringing the hospital's bed count to almost 500. The center also had a beauty shop, barber, cafeteria, snack bar, and recreation room.
Such an idea was unique and received national attention. The PCC primarily served out of town patients who did not need close nursing supervision, thus reducing the costs of the patient's stay. In 1974 a new twenty-six bed psychiatric inpatient department opened on the third floor.
This photograph was not dated, however it is sometime after the 1961 opening of the PCC. The exterior of building today has not changed much since it was built in 1928. Currently the PC Building is home to several departments such as facility services and the life support education program.


text:
Sonny Bono was a multitalented entertainer and politician who became famous as a singer, songwriter, and actor. Born Salvatore Phillip in 1935, he died in 1998 at the age of 62 following a ski accident. Before his passing, he had already stamped his name in almost all aspects of his life thanks to his talent and hard work.
The late American is still remembered more than years after his death as a result of his many achievements including being the only member of the U.S Congress to have ever hit the number-one spot on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for pop. More than his career, he is also remembered for marrying 4 women during his lifetime, including Cher.
The Early Life of Sonny Bono
Although he was better known as Sonny Bono, it was as Salvatore Phillip that the celebrated American singer was born. He was born on February 16, 1935, in Detroit Michigan to his parents, Zena Jean DiMercurio and Sanato Bono.
Of American nationality and Italian ethnicity, his parents were originally from Italy. His father was born in Montelepre, Palermo, Italy. He was raised as the youngest of three kids alongside his two older sisters, Fran and Betty. The early life of Bono was stable until after he was 7 when the marriage between his parents came to an end.
For his education, he went to Inglewood High School where he studied for a while before later opting to drop out so he could concentrate on what he felt was his real-life calling, music. Before finally making it as a musician, he took several jobs including with a butcher house where he worked as a butcher assistant. He was also a truck driver, construction laborer, and waiter at different points.
He Was A Multitalented Singer And Actor
Sonny was still just a child when he fell in love with music and decided he wanted to become a singer. He started writing songs as a young teenager and before taking the mic himself, he started out as a songwriter.
Although he recorded some successes as a solo artist, his real fame was thanks to the group, Sonny & Cher which he formed with his wife, Cher.
They began as backup singers before later forming their band which gained attention with the 1965 song, Baby Don't Go. The band lasted until 1977 during which they released several albums including Look at Us (1965), The Wondrous World of Sonny & Chér (1966), In Case You're in Love (1967), and All I Ever Need Is You (1972).
Before the band ended, the pair sold more than 40 million records all over the world and had several awards and nominations including two Grammy Awards.
Sonny Bono is also an actor He has had TV and film roles in works including The Man From U.N.C.L.E., Murder on Flight 502, Airplane II: The Sequel, and P.S. I Luv U.
The Best Songs of Sonny Bono
The musical career of Sonny Bono lasted from 1963 until his death in 1998. During is active years, he released many songs that were acclaimed but his best include the following:
- I Got You Babe (1965)
- The Beat Goes On (1967)
- All I Ever Need Is You (1979)
- A Cowboy's Work is Never Done (1972)
- Baby Dont Go (1965)
- What Now My Love (1966)
- But You're Mine (1965)
- Just You (1965)
- When You Say Love (1972)
- It's The Little Things (1967)
He Was Also A Politician
Sonny Bono was not only an entertainer, he was also a politician who was in the Republican party. He started politics in the late 1980s when he first bid and succeeded in becoming the 16th Mayor of Palm Springs from 1988 to 1992.
He vied for the United States Senate in 1992 but did not secure his party's nomination. Three years later, he was elected into Congress in 1994 and served as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 44th district from January 1995 to January 1998 when he tragically passed away.
Meet The Wives of Sonny Bono
5 feet 5 inches tall, Sonny Bono was married four times during his lifetime. His first marriage was to Donna Rankin and it lasted for only a few years from from 1954 to 1962 when they divorced. Their union was blessed with a daughter, Christine Bono who was born on 24 June 1958.
After his first marriage came to an end, the next woman that became Sonny Bono's wife was Cher. Born Cherilyn Sarkisian, Cher got married to Bono in 1964 and they had a relationship that went from personal to professional thanks to their joint musical and TV careers. The union was blessed with a son, Chaz Bono who was born on March 4, 1969. Sadly, the marriage ended in divorce in 1975.
Sonny did not get married again until 1981 when he walked down the aisle with TV personality, author, and businesswoman, Susie Coelho. The pair got married in 1981 but after only 3 years, they walked their separate ways in divorce.
Sonny tried marriage for yet another time two years after his divorce when he married Mary Whitaker in 1986. This marriage remained his longest and Mary Bono remained his wife until 1998 when he died. Their marriage was blessed with two children Chesare Bono and Chianna Bono.
How Sonny Bono Died
Sonny Bono lost his life on January 5, 1998, after he had an accident while skiing in California. The avid skier was said to have gone missing while skiing before his body was later found by a search and rescue team.
According to reports, he was going between 20 and 30 miles per hour when he hit a tree, leading to his passing. He was laid to rest at Desert Memorial Park in Cathedral City, California


text:
In 1878, William J. Scott donated the property on which Scott Elementary is now housed to Atlanta Public Schools. He was a Methodist minister who ministered to Georgians in many different areas of the state. He died on May 2, 1899. He made the donation of land because of his strong desire to advocate for children's education. Since that donation, William J. Scott has continued to advocate the rights of all the students that enroll in this outstanding establishment.
That all students should be given the opportunity to learn in a positive environment.
That students should be given the opportunity to recognize the need to set high goals for academic, social, and physical development.
That all students are capable of learning.
That all students should experience success.
That it is necessary to have an alliance among school personnel,parents, and the community for our program to be successful.


text:
Pakistan's Daily Times has the scoop on China's newest museum;
China is building a giant underwater museum to preserve and exhibit an ancient shipwreck. The museum, the first of its kind in the world, is to contain a sunken ship more than 800 years old and its treasures.
Archaeologists say the ship is China's most exciting underwater excavation. Named the Southern Sea Number One, it lies under 24 metres of water and two metres of sand and soil.
Archaeologists took more than 6,000 treasures from one small room on the ship in 2002. The Guangdong provincial government has now allocated £10 million to building a five hall underwater museum to preserve the wreck.
Expert's say, "Since the ship and its treasures have become accustomed to being underwater, it's better to keep them there." Read More…
Interested in Underwater Museums? Take a look at Divester's post; "The World's Coolest Underwater Museums"