list
4 min read
Python - Filter all uppercase characters Tuples from given list of tuples
Given a Tuple list, filter tuples that contain all uppercase characters. Input : test_list = [("GFG", "IS", "BEST"), ("GFg", "AVERAGE"), ("GfG", ), ("Gfg", "CS")] Output : [('GFG', 'IS', 'BEST')] Explanation : Only 1 tuple has all uppercase Strings. Input : test_list = [("GFG", "iS", "BEST"), ("GFg", "AVERAGE"), ("GfG", ), ("Gfg", "CS")] Output : [
8 min read
Python program to find Tuples with positive elements in List of tuples
Given a list of tuples. The task is to get all the tuples that have all positive elements. Examples: Input : test_list = [(4, 5, 9), (-3, 2, 3), (-3, 5, 6), (4, -6)] Output : [(4, 5, 9)] Explanation : Extracted tuples with all positive elements. Input : test_list = [(-4, 5, 9), (-3, 2, 3), (-3, 5, 6), (4, -6)] Output : [] Explanation : No tuple wit
10 min read
Python program to find tuples which have all elements divisible by K from a list of tuples
Given a list of tuples. The task is to extract all tuples which have all elements divisible by K. Input : test_list = [(6, 24, 12), (60, 12, 6), (12, 18, 21)], K = 6 Output : [(6, 24, 12), (60, 12, 6)] Explanation : Both tuples have all elements multiple of 6. Input : test_list = [(6, 24, 12), (60, 10, 5), (12, 18, 21)], K = 5 Output : [(60, 10, 5)
7 min read


text:
Farmers Market Use and Perceived Barriers to Farmers Market Access Among SNAP Recipients in Washington State
MetadataShow full item record
Background: Activities are underway in Washington State to increase access to farmers markets for SNAP and SNAP-eligible participants. A variety of stakeholders are involved in implementing activities to make farmers markets more accessible. These include addressing the economic, environmental, and social barriers. However, these activities are not necessarily in-line with the actual barriers, as stated by low-income shoppers, to shopping at farmers markets. The purpose of this study is to identify the commonly stated barriers among both SNAP participants and SNAP-Ed Stakeholders in Washington State to using farmers markets, and to examine whether the challenges perceived by SNAP-Ed Stakeholders align with the stated barriers of SNAP participants. Methods: This study used data that was obtained from a mixed-methods evaluation, conducted by the University of Washington Center for Public Health Nutrition (CPHN) from January 2016 to January 2017, of all SNAP-Ed affiliated farmers market access work in Washington State. Sources of data for this study included a statewide SNAP participant telephone survey and two time points of SNAP-Ed Stakeholder interviews. CPHN developed a multi-staged, clustered, random sample of SNAP participants for the SNAP Participant Survey, stratified by exposure to farmers market access activities, rurality, and primary language. This survey was conducted over the telephone and all survey responses were entered into a secure database. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the relation between the stated barriers to farmers market access and SNAP-Ed exposure, key sociodemographic characteristics, distance from farmers markets, and frequency of farmers market use. Two-sample t-tests and Pearson's chi square tests were performed to analyze if the stated barriers varied significantly by any of the independent variables. The semi-structured SNAP-Ed Stakeholder interviews were transcribed and coded in Atlas.ti data analysis software, then analyzed for key themes that emerged related to significant challenges or barriers to improving farmers market access for low-income shoppers. Results from each data source were then compared to assess if farmers market access barriers as perceived by SNAP-Ed Stakeholders were in alignment with the barriers stated by SNAP participants. Results: Among SNAP participants, barriers related to lack of convenience were most often stated as the number one barrier to shopping at farmers markets. Other stated barriers included lack of affordability, lack of awareness, and lack of comfort. These varied by socioeconomic status and distance from the nearest farmers market. SNAP-Ed Stakeholders stated similar barriers, including the SNAP/EBT process, the perception of higher prices, and lack of awareness, transportation, comfort, and convenience. However, there was some discordance between the two groups in the emphasis placed on these factors as barriers to farmers market access.
- Nutritional sciences

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
New York Environmental Leaders (NYEL) Guidance Document
Table of Contents
- Compliance Screening
- Components of an Acceptable EMS
- Multi-Facility Option
- Environmental Performance Indicators and Categories
This program guidance supplements Commissioner's Policy 40 : NY Environmental Leaders (CP-40). While CP-40 sets forth the general approach the Department will take in implementing NY Environmental Leaders (NYEL), this guidance will provide information that applicants can use when evaluating their own environmental management efforts in relation to what is required of NYEL members. Further, this guidance will provide the Department with more specific criteria to use when evaluating potential candidates for the program.
To qualify for participation in New York Environmental Leaders, applicants must demonstrate a commitment to compliance with environmental requirements as defined in CP-40. The following sections, A through E, outline the process for determining whether an applicant meets the compliance requirements of the program.
Upon receipt of applications, the Pollution Prevention Unit will ask that the appropriate DEC Program/Regional Representatives conduct compliance screens for applicants in their region. The DEC Program/Regional Representatives shall do the following:
- Review the applicant's completed record of compliance form.
- Assess existing compliance data sources and document any violations that may prevent the applicant from being accepted to the applicable tier.
- Regional office staff shall check with regional programs to assess compliance with any existing environmental requirements, and any enforcement action being undertaken or contemplated.
The information gathered shall be transmitted to the Pollution Prevention Unit as soon as it is available.
If there is not enough existing information to assess the applicant's record of compliance, the Pollution Prevention Unit will request that the applicant allow the Department to conduct a multi-media compliance assessment. If the applicant agrees, then the DEC Regional Representative will take the lead in coordinating this effort. Violations discovered during this compliance assessment will be handled in accordance with the NYEL Enforcement Response Procedure in CP-40. If the applicant does not agree to this compliance assessment they will not be considered for entrance to NYEL.
C. Detecting Patterns of Neglect or Non-Cooperation Regarding Compliance with Environmental Requirements
To make this determination, the following will be considered:
- scope and magnitude of the applicant's operations
- trend over time in the instances of non-compliance and facility response
- prior willfulness and/or negligence regarding compliance with environmental requirements
- lack of good faith efforts to resolve issues
CP-40 excludes applicants to the Leadership Tier if they have three or more significant violations within the past three years. Those violations that meet USEPA criteria for Significant Non-Compliance (SNC) and High Priority Violation (HPV) will be considered significant for this purpose, as will any violations that are significant to affected Department programs.
SNC and HPV are terms defined by the USEPA to describe compliance status related to violations of environmental requirements that are deemed the most serious and may pose a more severe level of environmental threat. Each EPA program uses its own program specific criteria to determine if a facility is currently in SNC or HPV status. The EPA documents that set forth the program specific criteria are referenced below.
- Air Program HPV Definition - December 22, 1998 memo: Issuance of Policy on Timely and Appropriate Enforcement Response to High Priority Violations (see _URL_
- Clean Water Act SNC Definition - December 12, 1996 EPA guidance document: A General Design for SNC Redefinition Enhancement in PCS
- RCRA SNC Definition - December 2003 Hazardous Waste Civil Enforcement Response Policy (see _URL_
In certain circumstances the Department may consider specific factors, other than simply the number of violations, for entrance to the State option of the Leadership Tier. Basic compliance requirements for State Leadership Tier entry currently allow for no more than two significant violations in the last three years. If there are more than this number, however, the Department may also consider the following factors as exceptions:
- The number of violations is deemed reasonable considering the complexity of the organization's operations, and the number of opportunities for non-compliance
- The overall trend in the applicant's record of compliance demonstrates improvement
- The applicant has been cooperative in the resolution of violations
- Violations that are part of the applicant's record of compliance have been corrected in a timely and appropriate manner
- Violations were self-reported by the applicant
- The applicant demonstrates that their EMS will prevent future violations
CP-40 defines several options available to demonstrate the suitability of an organization's EMS. These include that the EMS:
- is a third party certified ISO 14001 EMS, or
- satisfies the requirements of the NEPT and has been independently audited, or
- satisfies a standard adopted by a trade association or other group that the DEC determines to be satisfactory, or
- has been deemed satisfactory after on-site assessment by DEC staff, or a NYEL peer that is acceptable to the Department.
For the purpose of evaluating a trade association EMS standard, or an EMS at an individual facility, the Department will look for the following elements.
Establishment of a clearly documented written policy that communicates management commitment to the environment and includes commitments for:
- Maintaining compliance with Legal Requirements,
- Continuous improvement in environmental performance, including areas not subject to regulation,
- Pollution prevention and source reduction,
- Continuous reduction of environmental risks, and
- Adequate personnel and resources for the EMS.
- Identification of the environmental aspects of the facility's products, activities, and services and the environmental requirements (as defined in CP-34 and CP-40) associated with each of them.
- Evaluation of the environmental aspects to determine those that could have a significant impact on the environment.
- Establishment of specific performance objectives and targets to: meet the facility's environmental policy, comply with Environmental Requirements, and reduce the facility's significant environmental impacts. In setting the objectives and targets, the facility focuses on:
- preventing non-compliance
- preventing pollution at its source
- minimizing cross-media pollutant transfers
- improving environmental performance (e.g., the provision of public health or environmental benefits that exceed any benefits that may be otherwise obtained through compliance with applicable Environmental Requirements)
- Development of programs to achieve the established objectives and targets. This includes identifying:
- The means to achieve the established objectives and targets,
- The time frame for meeting established objectives and targets, and modifying and updating these as Environmental Requirements change or modifications in operations occur,
- Those who are responsible for seeing that the established objectives and targets are achieved.
- Development of a program for ongoing community education on the facilities' environmental management, consistent with facility capabilities and community interest.
- Establishment of a clear specification of organizational duties, roles, responsibilities, and authorities in implementing and maintaining the EMS. This shall include:
- Organizational charts that identify staff having environmental performance and regulatory compliance responsibilities,
- A description of how staff and management will be held accountable for achieving and maintaining compliance,
- Establishment of programs to:
- Communicate to both internal and external individuals and groups, including:
- Communicating to employees, on-site service providers, and contractors about requirements pertaining to environmental performance and to Environmental Requirements compliance,
- Communicating routine requirements for sampling, monitoring, and reporting data required by law, regulation, and permit,
- Communicating practices for responding to changes in Environmental Requirements that could require modification of operating procedures,
- Responding to concerns from the community and communicating to the community relevant EMS and environmental performance information,
- Ensure that all personnel have been trained and are capable of carrying out their responsibilities in ensuring compliance with Environmental Requirements and implementation of the EMS, including:
- Identifying specific education and training required for personnel, as well as a process for documenting training,
- Ensuring that facility employees are aware of the facility's environmental policies, procedures, and Environmental Requirements, and their roles and responsibilities within the EMS,
- Ensuring that personnel responsible for meeting and maintaining compliance with Environmental Requirements are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, and/or experience,
- Identify operations and activities where documented standard operating procedures are needed to prevent and control releases, ensure environmental protection, and maintain compliance with Environmental Requirements,
- Develop, approve, implement, and control the distribution of all EMS documents,
- Prepare, maintain, revise, and test an emergency response plan.
- Communicate to both internal and external individuals and groups, including:
Establishment of programs to:
- Conduct a periodic audit of the organization's compliance with Environmental Requirements and immediately correct any identified violations. In addition, a root cause analysis assessing why the violation occurred shall be conducted and the resulting conclusions shall be used to improve the EMS
- Conduct a periodic audit of the organization's EMS. Instances of nonconformance shall be investigated in order to understand the root cause and the EMS shall be appropriately corrected.
- Evaluate attainment of performance objectives and targets that had been developed through the EMS planning process and correct any identified impediments to achieving these objectives and targets.
Development and implementation of a program to ensure that top management conducts an annual review of the facility's performance against established objectives and targets, the results of the Environmental Requirements and EMS audits, and the general performance in meeting the intent of the environmental policy.
NYEL will have limited opportunities for multiple facilities within the same organization to participate in the State option of the Leadership Tier under a single NYEL agreement. Participating in NYEL in this manner will require prior approval from the Department. Those seeking to participate in this multi-facility arrangement will be required to demonstrate the following prior to submitting a multi-facility agreement:
- that the management structure at the organization is arranged in such a manner that a multi-facility agreement should be considered
- that there are significant benefits to the organization participating in NYEL under a multi-facility


text:
A Brief Look at the Mazda B-Series
Mazda B-Series vehicles have come a long way since its inception in the early 1960s. The first model, Mazda B1500, was produced in 1961, and it served as the foundation that established the automaker's reputation in the truck and utility market. Over the decades, Mazda has continued to explore new frontiers in engineering by introducing various changes and iterations in the Mazda B-Series vehicle models. Thanks to these tweaks, Mazda has been able to maintain a competitive edge in a challenging market. In this article, we'll take a closer look at the evolution of the Mazda B-Series vehicle from its humble beginning to the current day.
First Generation (1961 – 1965):
The Mazda B-Series vehicle became a reality when the automaker decided to diversify into the truck and utility vehicle market in the early 1960s. The first model, Mazda B1500, had a 1.5L water-cooled four-cylinder engine that delivered 60 hp and 95 lb-ft of torque. The engine was paired with a four-speed manual transmission.
The Mazda B1500 had a 7-foot-long pickup bed, which was perfect for hauling cargo around town. The model was popular with farmers and small business owners, who found it convenient for their daily needs. However, the model was not durable as rust was a major issue due to poor construction quality.
Second Generation (1965 – 1977):
The second generation of the Mazda B-Series vehicle was introduced in 1965 and was produced until 1977. It featured a more substantial build than its predecessor and improved on rust prevention. Mazda also increased the engine size to 1.8L, delivering 85 hp and 108 lb-ft of torque. The model received a more significant overhaul in 1972, which saw the introduction of a 2.0L engine that could produce up to 100 hp and 118 lb-ft of torque.
The second-generation of the Mazda B-Series vehicle was available in three trim levels: standard, Deluxe, and Super Deluxe. The Deluxe and Super Deluxe had longer wheelbases and were equipped with more features such as power brakes, front disc brakes, and upgraded suspension components to increase comfort even when hauling heavy loads.
Third Generation (1977 – 1985):
Mazda ushered in the third generation of the Mazda B-Series vehicle in 1977. The third-generation model was available with a 2.0L, a 2.2L diesel, or a 2.6L gasoline engine. The 2.0L engine produced up to 80 hp, the diesel engine delivered 58 hp, and the 2.6L gasoline engine could produce up to 100 hp. The third generation also saw improvements in the suspension, transmission, and safety features.
The Mazda B-Series vehicle third generation also marked the introduction of a four-wheel-drive (4WD) option. The variant was available in either the standard, Deluxe, or Sundowner (later changed to SE-5) trim level. Mazda also decided to offer increased cabin comfort in the 4WD by installing improved heaters.
Fourth Generation (1985 – 1998):
The fourth generation of the Mazda B-Series vehicle debuted in 1985 and continued until 1998. This generation saw significant advancements in design, safety features, and engine power. Mazda replaced the previous generations' engines with multiple engines, which included a 2.0L, 2.2L, 2.3L, 2.5L, 2.6L, or a 4.0L engine. The engines were paired with either a four-speed or five-speed manual or a four-speed automatic transmission.
Mazda introduced the B2600i 4×4 model in 1987, which featured electronic fuel injection. The B2600i 4×4 had an output of 140 hp and 170 lb-ft of torque. It was equipped with front and rear locking differentials, and electronically controlled transfer case shifting.
Fifth Generation (1998 – 2006):
Mazda's fifth-generation B-Series vehicle debuted in 1998 and was an almost identical truck to Ford Ranger, only difference being the unique Mazda grille and taillights. The model was available in several trim levels, including the B2500, B3000, and B4000. The engines options in the fifth generation B-Series vehicle included a 2.3L, 3.0L, and a 4.0L V6 engine. These engines were paired with either a five-speed manual or a four-speed automatic transmission and a 2WD or 4WD drivetrain.
Mazda introduced several updates in the fifth generation B-Series vehicle, including the availability of the Dual Sport trim level for the B3000. There was also an Off-Road package with Bilstein shocks, a torsion-bar front suspension, and larger tires.
Sixth Generation (2006 – 2012):
The sixth generation of the Mazda B-Series vehicle was the final one produced by the automaker. It was introduced in 2006, but Mazda rerouted production of Mazda B-Series for North America to a Ford plant in the United States. The sixth generation model had a 2.3L or 4.0L engine. The 2.3L delivered 143 hp and 154 lb-ft of torque, while the 4.0L V6 produced 207 hp and 238 lb-ft of torque.
Mazda didn't make many modifications to the sixth generation B-Series vehicle, except for minor changes in the 2010 model year. The modifications included new wheel designs and updated color options.
The Mazda B-Series vehicle model spans six generations and has undergone significant changes, improvements, and upgrades over the years. Mazda's ability to adapt to different markets and consumer needs has allowed the automaker to remain relevant in the utility vehicle market. The Mazda B-Series vehicle's legacy can be traced back to its humble beginnings in the early 1960s and its significant role in meeting small business, farmers, and ranchers' needs. Even though it may no longer be in production, the Mazda B-Series vehicle remains a symbol of Mazda's innovative approach to engineering and design.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
It may be best known for being the first part of the country to be sighted by Captain Cook in 1769 and its claim to be the first city in the world to see the sunlight, but in green building and construction, the small rural town of Gisborne and surrounding areas in northeastern New Zealand is fast becoming known for being the quickest regional area to take advantage of a government program to provide insulation into homes.
New Zealand Minister for Energy and Resources Phil Heatley says more than 25 per cent of all homes within the Gisborne region, otherwise known as the East Cape, East Coast or Eastland region, have used subsidies to install ceiling or underfloor insulation under the government's Warm Up New Zealand: Heat Smart program.
All up, Heatley says 3,962 houses within the region have been insulated, including 2,894 low income homes and 808 families living in rental accommodation.
In addition to having the highest portion of homes being insulated under the subsidy, the Gisborne region also has a take-up rate among low income households of around 73 per cent, compared with a national average of around half for the rest of the country.
Heatley says the benefits of insulation spread beyond environmental considerations and improve overall health and well-being, with flow on benefits including reduced absenteeism at work and school, higher productivity and greater levels of comfort for householders.
He also says research has demonstrated that $NZ5 worth of overall benefits are achieved for every one dollar invested in the program, primarily as a result of reduced health costs.
"Insulation makes a house warmer and more comfortable," Heatley says. "It also makes it easier and cheaper to heat, and has a lot to do with preventing illness, particularly for the elderly, children, and people with respiratory problems."
Having started on July 1, 2009, the $347 million program has retrofitted more than 150,000 homes throughout the country with insulation at no cost to home occupants, and the government aims to increase this number to 230,000 by the time the program comes to the conclusion of its four-year period in June next year.
At these numbers, however, the program will only cover just over one quarter of the 900,000 homes throughout the country which New Zealand's Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority estimates had substandard insulation at the time of the program's inception in 2009/10.
Because of this, policy makers on all sides readily acknowledge that much more will need to be done in this area beyond the conclusion of the current initiative.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Corpse Party: Book of Shadows PSP Review
Book of Shadows is a sequel to the original game – somewhat at least. It features the cast from the original Corpse Party, even the ones that technically should not be here, and builds up an alternative take on the events while also supplying a much deeper back story for key characters, making this feel like a companion game for Corpse Party rather than true sequel. Due to this, it is highly advised that you play the first game, because you will not understand some parts of the plot, events, characters and the déjà vu experiences that players will go through from having played Corpse Party, in turn, hampering the experience in the process. For people who never played the predecessor, Book of Shadows features a group of school children who manage to accidentally traverse to an alternative dimension, where the children's school is transformed into Heavenly Host Elementary School, a place in history where ghastly murders of innocent kids took place. The ghosts of the deceased are left to haunt the halls of the school, and with the living students scattered around, they must find each other and work together to figure a way out back to their dimension.
One of the biggest changes is how the game now plays. The last Corpse Party featured a top down view very reminiscent of 16bit Japanese RPGs or The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past. That style of play gave the player a feeling of discovery and adventure, as you could control the protagonist and explore the haunted school (although that did come with some of those awful ghost chases). Now, the game plays more similar to visual novel titles, such as Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney or 999: Nine Hours, Nine Persons, Nine Doors, where the graphics are 2D artwork with character portraits presented while that character is speaking, simulating a first-person perspective for the player's viewpoint.
Movement is more streamlined, as you now pick where you want to go by clicking on the room on a small map that you can bring up on the screen. The game will automatically walk you to that area, but stop your progress if you come across a room that features plot points as you travel to your destination. This does help keep the focus on the story, but because this game feeds you a large amount of backstory, the pacing is a little off and not as well produced as the first game. Moving through the game's eight chapters has you jumping around characters and their origins; for someone who has never played the previous title, this will seem extremely confusing and disjointed. For people who have played it, some of the scenes seem to be there just to act as fillers. Sure, finding out backstories for characters is nice, but they could have been done at a much faster pace rather than spending too long on discovering how one of the teachers had an experience with the supernatural when she was back in school.
As a game, there aren't really many "gamey" parts to the title. You click around to find objects in locations and move to different rooms. Most of the time is spent reading and occasionally picking dialogue options. Book of Shadows has multiple "wrong ends," where the player gets a depraved ending to the game, usually resulting in some sort of messed up death. The idea is to make your way through the game to the real ending, but not to look at the "wrong ends" as a bad device – they add to the game and are used to acquaint you with details of the story, so getting strangled by a deadly ghost shouldn't be viewed as a negative. Yeah, I know, it is strange. In regards to getting endings, Book of Shadows does make it easier to revisit areas than Corpse Party, just because you can save anywhere and are not required to play from certain save points.
One problem with this new gameplay direction is that areas which are not of key interest look similar to one another. You will be seeing a lot of dark, wooden corridors repeat over and over again. Also, the darkening metre, which you can see when you access the game's menu, is never explained, and it was not till I searched on the internet that I found out exactly what it did – it goes up when you look at dead bodies and other horrors and it affects some of the pathways towards the wrong ends.
Judging Book of Shadows is hard. As a standalone game for newcomers to the franchise, the story will leave you baffled compared to someone who would have experienced Corpse Party, and in that regard, looking at its way of storytelling comes off as a disjointed tale of horror that can give you a gloomy (in the right way) and uneasy time. However, I see it this way – go play the first Corpse Party and see how you feel about it. If you want more, then jump into Book of Shadows and enjoy it for what it is. Whatever you do though, do not start with this one as you'll be left with a unfavorable impression towards what is not a bad attempt at a "fill in the details" follow up to Corpse Party. I just wish it was a true sequel instead.
6 out of 10


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What's the difference between the different vertical bars?
$S = \{\, x \mid x \not= 17 \,\}$
$a \vert b$ implies $a \leq b$ when $b \ne 0$
$a|b$ implies $a \leq b$ when $b \ne 0$
$\lvert x \rvert$ is always non-negative
enter image description here
Are all of these uses correct?
share|improve this question
(Off-topic) Actually, 1|0 but 1 > 0. – KennyTM Jul 28 '10 at 18:06
Yeah, well… it's true if a, b > 0. – Ben Alpert Jul 28 '10 at 18:09
Divides is actually defined on negative numbers as well; 2 | -10. _USER_ Alpert had the right condition. Of course, that's off topic from the question. As far as that's concerned, I'm glad you asked! The answers have been rather helpful. – Daniel H Sep 4 '11 at 21:58
\mid automatically has spacing before and after it, which | does not have. – Michael Hardy May 3 '13 at 0:08
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4 Answers
up vote 54 down vote accepted
According to texdoc symbols:
\mvert and \mid are identical and produce a relation. \vert is a synonym for | and both produce the same symbol, but should be used in the context of an ordinal, and should be used as an operator, not as a delimiter (p54, bottom). \divides once again produces the same symbol but should be used as a binary "divides" operator.
\lvert and \rvert are left and right delimiters, respectively.
share|improve this answer
+1 ran out of up-votes but this is a nice, clear and concise answer. – Juan A. Navarro Jul 28 '10 at 20:29
I am now thoroughly confused – what is an ordinal? – Ben Alpert Jun 9 '11 at 19:30
_USER_ The word "ordinal" in this context is copied from the symbols document which uses it without explanation. My guess is that it's the usual sense: to denote a number symbol (operand) rather than an operator or a delimiter. I can't think of a use for this, but the very similar symbol "‖" is used as an ordinal in standard typography, namely as the fifth footnote symbol. The consequence for LaTeX is spacing: | doesn't introduce any. – Konrad Rudolph Jun 9 '11 at 20:26
So when using a vertical bar as a separator in a set definition before the condition, is that a relation or an operator? I'd say it's a delimiter, but those are left or right only, not centre. Correct? – Christian Dec 16 '13 at 2:30
_USER_ Good question. A bit of both, I'd say. No idea what'd be appropriate here. Probably \mid / \mvert. – Konrad Rudolph Dec 16 '13 at 8:03
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This is similar in spirit to qbi's answer. Let me quote from the guide to the amsmath package (the document known as amsldoc), section 4.14.2 Vertical bar notations:
The amsmath package provides commands \lvert, \rvert, \lVert, \rVert (compare \langle, \rangle) to address the problem of overloading for the vert bar character |. This character is currently used in LaTeX documents to represent a wide variety of mathematical objects [...]. The multiplicity of uses in itself is not so bad; what is bad, however, is that fact that not all of the uses take the same typographical treatment, and that the complex discriminatory powers of a knowledgeable reader cannot be replicated in computer processing of mathematical documents. It is recommended therefore that there should be a one-to-one correspondence in any given document between the vert bar character | and a selected mathematical notation, and similarly for the double-bar command \|. This immediately rules out the use of | and \| for delimiters, because left and right delimiters are distinct usages that do not relate in the same way to adjacent symbols; recommended practice is therefore to define suitable commands in the document preamble for any paired-delimiter use of vert bar symbols:
\providecommand{\abs}[1]{\lvert#1\rvert} \providecommand{\norm}[1]{\lVert#1\rVert}
whereupon the document would contain \abs{z} to produce |z| and \norm{v} to produce ∥v∥.
share|improve this answer
Adding in \left and \right then means that they have a chance of scaling correctly as well. – Andrew Stacey Jul 29 '10 at 9:40
_USER_: bad idea in general \abs{ \sum_k } becomes way to large. The \DeclarePairedDelimiter from mathtools is a better choice. It create two macros \abs and \abs*, where the last one scales using \left/right and the first can be manually scaled using say \abs[\Big]{...} – daleif Apr 11 '11 at 8:13
_USER_: See tex.stackexchange.com/q/1023/86 for a question about getting the right parenthesis size when the inner text isn't vertically balanced. – Andrew Stacey Apr 11 '11 at 8:38
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As far as I know, by default they're all defined to be the same bar, except for maybe some spacing differences. But LaTeX, like properly written HTML, favors semantic markup over purely functional markup - you use the command for what you mean, rather than just what you want to appear on the page. This way, if you decide later on that you want certain kinds of bars to look different, it's easier to change only the bars you actually want to and not mess with anything else. For example, if you want to have less space between the bars and the text in constructions like |x|, you can redefine \lvert and \rvert appropriately.
As qbi said, it is recommended to define a higher level of semantic markup, namely things like \abs, \norm, \union, \or, \suchthat, etc., to represent what you really mean in your formulas, and to use those instead of \vert, \lvert and \rvert directly.
share|improve this answer
they're all defined to be the same glyph, but the class is different; check the definitions in plain.tex or appendices b and f of the texbook (via the index). – barbara beeton Feb 3 '12 at 17:46
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\mid is a relation symbol and | is a delimiter. As far as I know \vert is basically the same as |. For things like abslute value and norm I like to use mathtools.sty. This class allows to define something like \absval{} which translates to \lvert...\rvert. This is useful when you tend to forget the closing bar. :-)
share|improve this answer
According to symbols, \vert and | aren't delimiters either. – Konrad Rudolph Jul 28 '10 at 18:42
You don't need a package like mathtools to define \absval{} as you describe. – Mark Meckes Aug 20 '10 at 14:28
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Your Answer


text:
Barwick in Elmett, Yorkshire Genealogy
Guide to Barwick in Elmett, Yorkshire ancestry, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, transcripts, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records.
|Barwick in Elmett, Yorkshire|
|Poor Law Union||Barwick Gilbert Union|
|Registration District||Hunslet; Tadcaster|
|Parish registers: 1653|
|Bishop's Transcripts: 1600|
|Diocese||Pre-1836 - York; Post-1835 - Ripon|
|Probate Court||Exchequer and Prerogative Courts of the Archbishop of York|
|Location of Archive|
|Yorkshire Record Office|
Parish History[edit | edit source]
BARWICK-IN-ELMETT (All Saints), a parish, in the Lower division of the wapentake of Skyrack, West Riding, Yorkshire, 7 miles (N. E. by E.) from Leeds; containing 2275 inhabitants, of whom 1836 are in Barwick township.
Resources[edit | edit source]
Civil Registration[edit | edit source]
Birth, marriages and deaths were kept by the government, from July 1837 to the present day. The civil registration article tells more about these records. There are several Internet sites with name lists or indexes. A popular site is FreeBMD.
Church records[edit | edit source]
Online data content from chapelry registers of Barwick in Elmett exists at some of the following websites and for the specified ranges of years:
|AC = Ancestry - (£)|
|FREG = FreeREG - free|
|FS = FamilySearch.org|
|FMP = findmypast (£)|
|JOIN = JoinerMarriageIndex.co.uk - (£)|
|PALL = Pallot's Marriage Index (Ancestry) - (£)|
|BARWICK IN ELMETT PARISH (1600) Online Records|
To find the names of the neighbouring parishes, use England Jurisdictions 1851. In this site, search for the name of the parish, click on the location "pin", click Options and click List contiguous parishes.
This ancient parish (AP) was created before 1813. Church of England records began in 1653.
Census records[edit | edit source]
Census records from 1841 to 1911 are available online. For access, see England Census Records and Indexes Online. Census records from 1841 to 1891 are also available on film through a Family History Center or at the Family History Library.
Probate records[edit | edit source]
Records of wills, administrations, inventories, indexes, etc. were filed by the court with jurisdiction over this parish. Go to Yorkshire Probate Records to find the name of the court having primary jurisdiction. Scroll down in the article to the section Court Jurisdictions by Parish.
Maps and Gazetteers[edit | edit source]
Maps are a visual look at the locations in England. Gazetteers contain brief summaries about a place.
Websites[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- Lewis, Samuel A., A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848), pp. 164-168. Date accessed: 07 January 2014.
- 'West Yorkshire, England, Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, _PHONE_,' Ancestry, accessed 12 May 2014.
- 'Yorkshire West Riding,' FreeREG, accessed 27 October 2014.
- Pallot's Marriage and Birth Indexes, Guide to Parishes.


text:
Eye test – acuity; Vision test – acuity
Definition of Visual acuity test
The visual acuity test is used to determine the smallest letters a person can read on a standardized chart or card held 14 - 20 feet away.
Paul B. Griggs, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. – 1/21/2009


text:
Prof. Marina Milner-Bolotin
Department of Curriculum and Pedagogy
2125 Main Mall,Faculty of Education, UBC,
Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
We are located at the beautiful UBC campus in the Faculty of Education: Scarfe Building – at the intersection of Main Mall and the University Boulevard. We are located on the second and third floors of the building.
acceleration area circular motion collisions conservation of energy conservation of momentum Coulomb's law counting current displacement distance Earth elastic collisions electricity elementary math energy environment equilibrium exploration extreme environments force forces frames of reference friction geometry graphing graphs gravitational acceleration gravitational potential energy gravity kinetic energy lines mass measurement momentum net force Newton's laws normal force optics patterns percentages Physics power probability projectile motion ratios rectangles resistance Secondary sequences series shape and space technology tension triangles trigonometry vectors velocity voltage weight
Emergency Procedures | Accessibility | Contact UBC | © Copyright The University of British Columbia


text:
This paper intends to show a model for the diffraction of sea waves approaching an OWC device, which converts the sea waves motion into mechanical energy and then electrical energy. This is a preliminary study to the optimisation of the device, in fact the computation of sea waves diffraction around the device allows the estimation of the sea waves energy which enters into the device. The computation of the diffraction phenomenon is the result of a sea waves scattering problem, solved with an integral equation method.
|Titolo:||A scattering approach to sea wave diffraction|
|Data di pubblicazione:||2016|
|Appare nelle tipologie:||Contributo in atto di convegno su volume|


text:
The familiar, old English carol using the voices of the animals approaching the Nativity scene serves as the text in this attractively illustrated, large-format version.
Each of the animals contributes something, from the donkey who carried Mary to Bethlehem to the cow who gave up manger and hay to the sheep who provided wool for a blanket for the Christ Child. The dove who cooed the baby to sleep is a recurrent connecting device, appearing in the stable window on several pages and in flight on the endpapers, which show a contemporary scene of a snowy village with carolers surrounding a glowing Christmas tree. The illustrations convey accurate details in settings and costumes as well as amusing expressions on the faces of the friendly animals, but the cover design is diminished by an unnecessary coating of silvery-blue glitter on the animals. A large trim size provides illustrations large enough for use with a group, and the musical notation is provided along with a CD with spoken and sung versions of the text.
As the only large-format edition of this carol currently in print, it will be a useful purchase for use with children at Christmas sing-alongs or church programs as well as at home. (Picture book/religion. 3-7)


Story: Kauri forest
Kauri cones
Kauri cones
The kauri tree has both male and female cones, formed from overlapping, spirally arranged scales. Male and female cones can grow on the same branch, and cones of different ages are often found on the same tree. Round female cones and finger-shaped male cones (left) are bright green in their early stages. As the male cone ripens it turns dark brown and releases pollen. The scales of the female cone (right) open back when it is ready to receive the pollen. This happens before the cone has fully matured, when it is still green. As it matures, the female cone darkens, and when fully ripe the scales drop off, allowing the winged seeds beneath them to be dispersed by the wind.
Using this item
SCION
Reference: 019601 (left) and 482304 (right)
Permission of Scion must be obtained before any use of this image.
All images & media in this story
How to cite this page:
Joanna Orwin, 'Kauri forest - How and where kauri grows', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, _URL_ (accessed 2 August 2021)
Story by Joanna Orwin, published 24 Sep 2007


text:
Restore and prepare ancient textiles and lace materials for display.
What does a Lace and Textiles Restorer do?
Restores and prepares ancient textile and lace materials for display in textile museum: Cleans fabric, using cleaning compounds and techniques based on historical knowledge of fabric manufacture and effect of cleaning upon fabric. Develops new cleaning compounds and methods when available means are inadequate or tend to harm fabric. Repairs and reweaves worn, torn, and decayed fabrics, using techniques based on knowledge of weaving and lace methods. Mounts fabric in frame or other suitable background.


text:
Community puppet theatre – Flood Resilience
The community puppet theatre was used as a participatory alternative method to strengthen flood resilience in Tabasco, Mexico. This creative approach allowed to communicate disaster risk reduction information in a humorous and different way, which children and adults can easily relate to. The theatre spreads knowledge but also promotes social cohesion and organization in the community.
The Flood Resilience Alliance (2013 -2017) is a five-year partnership that set out to develop a model that would deliver effective community flood resilience programmes at scale and contribute to shaping the flood resilience agenda of policy-makers and donors.
The Flood Resilience Alliance (2013 – 2017) , First Flood Resilience Innovation Conference


Home | | Clinical Cases in Anesthesia | How is the aortic valve area calculated?
Chapter: Clinical Cases in Anesthesia : Aortic Stenosis
How is the aortic valve area calculated?
In the cardiac catheterization laboratory, the aortic valve area is calculated using the Gorlin formula.
How is the aortic valve area calculated?

The normal valve area is 2.5–3.5 cm2 and a valve area less than 0.75 cm2 is considered to be severe AS. In the cardiac catheterization laboratory, the aortic valve area is calculated using the Gorlin formula. The simplified version states that the valve area is proportional to the flow across the valve divided by the square root of the mean pressure gradient.

Knowing the pressure gradient in the absence of the car-diac output (flow) is not a reliable indicator of the severity of aortic disease. For example, a patient with extremely severe AS but with a very low cardiac output, would have a small measured transvalvular gradient because of the diminished flow across the valve. However, in most patients one can assume that a mean pressure gradient >50 mmHg or a peak pressure gradient >80 mmHg implies severe stenosis.

Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail
Clinical Cases in Anesthesia : Aortic Stenosis : How is the aortic valve area calculated? |
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text:
Format of Original
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Original Item ID
DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24964; PubMed Central: PMID: 26094789
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether DTI changes in the brain induced by a thoracic spinal cord injury are sensitive to varying severity of spinal contusion in rats.
Methods: A control, mild, moderate, or severe contusion injury was administered over the eighth thoracic vertebral level in 32 Sprague-Dawley rats. At 11 weeks postinjury, ex vivo DTI of the brain was performed on a 9.4T Bruker scanner using a pulsed gradient spin-echo sequence.
Results: Mean water diffusion in the internal capsule regions of the brain and pyramid locations of the brainstem were correlated with motor function (r2 = 0.55). Additionally, there were significant differences between injury severity groups for mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy at regions associated with the corticospinal tract (P = 0.05).
Conclusion: These results indicate that DTI is sensitive to changes in brain tissue as a consequence of thoracic SCI.


text:
The Lost Evidence: Alamein DVD
SKU ID #69893
You Save: $4.96 20% off
To Order by Phone Call _PHONE_
- Additional Details
- Format: Color, DVD-Video, NTSC
- Rating: Not Rated
- Number of Discs: 1
- Run Time: 50 Minutes
- Region: Region 1
- Aspect Ratio: 1.33:1
- Language: English
- Studio: History Channel
- DVD Release Date: November 17, 2006
The incredible showdown between WWII's greats - Rommel and Montgomery - as you've never seen it before.
- A cutting-edge combination of CGI animation and aerial photographs.
- Hear the stories of men who were there from their own mouths.
- Features dramatic re-enactments and archival film.
The material sat for decades, its unique view of important encounters unseen. Shot from aircraft high above the conflicts, it captures the intense action as Allied forces battled their enemies. Enriched with cutting-edge CGI graphics which create detailed contour maps of the battleground, THE LOST EVIDENCE sheds new light on some of WWII's most important engagements.
In the fall of 1942, in the remote North African desert, British and Allied troops face the feared German Afrika Korps and their Italian Allies. The British were pushed back nearly 1000 miles from Libya, to a little known Egyptian railway stop called El Alamein. Over the following nine days, this battle became a personal duel between General Bernard Montgomery and General Erwin Rommel. Only by brazenly pulling off one of the greatest deceptions of the war, the British fooled the Germans into making a catastrophic mistake.
Winston Churchill called this turning-point battle "not the beginning of the end, but, perhaps, the end of the beginning." Using rare aerial photographs from both Allied and Axis reconnaissance, THE LOST EVIDENCE provides the best overview ever of the Second Battle of El Alamein.


text:
Prostitutes, a bloody fight and yobs urinating in the street: The heartbreaking picture drawn by a 10-year-old showing unruly behaviour which has become all too familiar in deprived corners of Britain
- The boy's father is using it to highlight anti-social issues facing Boscombe
- The child says he often watches drunks and prostitutes from his window
A ten-year-old boy has highlighted the anti-social behaviour in his town by drawing a scene from his bedroom - and it includes a prostitute, a man urinating and a fight.
The unnamed youngster lives in the once-prosperous resort of Boscombe in Bournemouth, Dorset, that is now blighted by problems including drug dealing.
The schoolboy drew the picture and his father handed it to a local newspaper to highlight the anti-social issues facing the town.
Through child's eyes: The drawing shows a man fighting with a bottle and a knife, a woman with money stuffed in her stocking, and a sad-looking child and the boy's father is using it to highlight antisocial issues
The drawing shows a man fighting with a bottle and a knife, a woman with money stuffed in her stocking, and a sad-looking child.
Once Boscombe was the chosen destination for the well-heeled Victorians who erected large churches as a signpost for their morals.
But now the prostitutes, drug addicts and general violence have become major issues, despite valiant efforts to improve the area through investment and charity.
But the boy's drawing shows there is a long way to go, and it depicts a scene that could be witnessed in any large town or city across the country.
The child, who lives near the town's red light district, said: 'I see all these people out of my window all the time, sometimes I tell my dad, sometimes I just watch them.'
Boscombe seafront: The town is popular among tourists but locals say there are many crime problems
Up-market: Holidaymakers in Boscombe in 1936. In the Victorian era the town was popular with the well-to-do
His father said: 'He sees prostitutes regularly and the people fighting with the bottle. He's seen people urinating in the graveyard at St Clement's church.
'The children often get woken by shouting and screaming and witness women being picked up in cars, a lot of aggressive men are around all the time.'
Boscombe resident Chris Thompson, 22, who grew up in the area, said: 'You see lots and lots of fights between groups of lads.
'When you are little all this frightens you, you feel shocked.'
Joey Robinson, 28, a father of two girls aged eight and three, said: 'You see a lot of drinkers here and you see prostitutes all the time.
'You want to get your children away from that. I came here from Tottenham in north London and I find it worse here than certain parts of Tottenham.
'I didn't believe it was like this.'
Andy Williams, Bournemouth council's safer communities manager, said: 'There are a number of activities taking place to target those who are responsible for anti-social behaviour in Boscombe including increased CCTV to tackle prostitution.'
Superintendent Nicky Searle, of Dorset police, said the force had staged a number of operations in the area to tackle drug-dealing and prostitution.
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You are currently viewing VESSEL LIGHTS – A COMPLETE GUIDE
When we start taking our boats out we eventually get to the stage where we go out in the dark. That means we are going to see some different vessel lights on the water.
This may even come sooner than we intended if we get our planning wrong and arrive late.
There are lots of lights out there to try and make sense of. It's important that we can identify some of the signals we are being shown so that we can avoid any dangers. This could include large shipping, boats with fishing gear or even military vessels.
Below is a complete guide to vessel lights along with another of our handy downloads. There is a load more information on our YouTube channel too, which you can find here:
Our YouTube Channel
Don't forget to Subscribe?
First of all take a look at this video guide to the definitions of vessel lights and their visible angles.
Vessel Lights – Definitions
Normal power driven vessels have four lights to distinguish them from other boats.
As per all other boats they have a red port light on the left side of the bow. Opposite that they have a green starboard light on the right side of the bow. In the below image we can see that the vessel is facing us.This is because we can see both the port and starboard lights at the same time.
As well as these two lights, power driven vessels have a forward facing, white masthead light. This indicates that the vessel is being propelled by machinery. This light is sometimes referred to as a 'steaming light' because of this.
Vessel lights - power driven less than 50 metres
A second piece of information we can derive from the masthead light is it's size. A vessel with a single masthead light is under 50 metres in length. A second masthead light is compulsory for vessels over 50 metres in length. Just like in the image below.
Vessel lights - power driven over 50 metres
The reason we state that two mast head lights 'probably' mean over 50 metres is because smaller vessels are also allowed two masthead lights. However, this is usually impractical because the rules state that the second masthead light must be 4.5 metres higher than the first. Most smaller vessels don't have the structure to accommodate this.
Finally, a power driven vessel has a single white stern light. When this light is visible to us, we can't see any of the bow or steaming lights. We therefore know we are approaching the vessel stern. This is important as under the IRPCS (or ColRegs) this makes us the overtaking vessel and therefore the 'Give Way' vessel.
There are a couple of exceptions to the above light configuration for power driven vessels.
Firstly, a vessel of less than 12 metres in length is allowed to combine the masthead light and stern light. These then become a single all round white light.
Secondly, a power driven vessel of less than 7 metres in length and capable of a maximum speed that is less than 7 knots, is allowed to display a single all round white light in lieu of everything else.
These vessels are power driven and so they display the same lights as power driven vessels. In addition however, so they can be distinguished, they also display and all round flashing yellow light. This is mounted where it can best be seen.
Vessel lights - power driven hover craft
The lights for sailing vessels are very similar to those of power driven vessels plus a couple of extra options.
When sailing, the vessel has to display red and green side lights and a white stern light. It does not display a forward facing masthead light as that would mean it was being propelled by machinery. A masthead does need to be fitted though as it must be displayed when the engine is turned on. This is an important distinction because sailing vessels and power driven vessels avoid collisions in different ways.
Vessel lights - sail over 20 metres
We can also tell something about the vessel size from the two side lights. Smaller sailing vessels, under 20 metres in length are allowed to combine the two lights at the top of the mast. Once a sailing vessel is over 20 metres long then the two lights must be separate. These then have to be placed on the bow.
Vessel lights - sail less than 20 metres
Additionally, sailing vessels have the option to show two all round lights at the top of the mast. These are a red light over a green light. However, these can't be shown at the same time as a combined light mentioned above.
Finally, much like power driven vessels, a sailing vessel less than 7 metres in length is able to display a single white light instead of the other lights.
so those are the basics for power driven vessels and sailing vessels. There next comes a series of vessel lights that indicate special conditions. These help us identify the 'Give Way' and 'Stand On' vessels that are described under Rule 18 of the IRPCS. Rule 18 is the responsibilities between vessels and you can get a reminder of this rule using the following video.
Rule 18 – Responsibilities Between Vessels
All of the following vessels are identified by different day shapes during daylight hours. If you need a recap on these check out this article:
Day Shapes
Vessels not under command identify themselves by showing two all round red lights, one above the other.
'Red over red. Captain's dead.'?
They come at the top of the 'Stand On' list because they can't effectively take action to avoid a collision. This is defined as being due to an exceptional circumstance. For instance, they are broken in some way or have sustained damage that compromises their ability.
Vessel lights - not under command
Importantly, these vessels give us some other information. If they are making way through the water then they display their side lights and stern light. If they are not making way through the water then they only display the all round red lights to indicate that they are not moving.
Additionally to the above, if the exceptional circumstance is because the vessel is aground the anchor lights will be displayed as well.
Vessel lights - vessel aground
In equal place in the 'Stand On' list are vessels restricted in ability to manoeuvre. Unlike vessels that are not under command, these are not restricted due to an exceptional circumstance. Instead, these are restricted due to the nature of their work. They could be carrying out under water surveys, diving operations, laying pipes or cable or anything else that hampers them.
These vessels are distinguished by three all round lights in a vertical line. The middle one being white and the other two being red.
Vessel lights - restricted in ability to manoeuvre
This is a second vessel that will turn off its side lights and stern light if it not making way through the water. It will turn them back on again once it starts making way.
One such vessel mentioned under this rule that is restricted due to the nature of its work is a Mine Sweeping vessel.
Vessel lights - Mine sweeper
These vessels display the lights for a power driven vessel appropriate to their size plus three all round green lights arranged as shown. I would suggest that if you ever see these lights you're in the wrong place.
A vessel constrained by it's draught can only navigate within the confines of a narrow channel. The draught is the distance from the waterline to the bottom of the hull or keel. In this case the vessel requires deep water so as not to run aground. Smaller vessels must not impede these larger ships.
Vessel lights - Constrained by Draught
To show their condition these vessels display three all round red lights in a vertical line. Unlike previous examples though, these vessels never turn off their side lights or stern light.
The next vessels in the list are those engaged in fishing. These guys are hampered by their fishing gear and represent quite a hazard to recreational boat users. There are different types of fishing activity and they are distinctive by use of their lights.
Fishing vessels also turn off their side lights and stern light when they aren't making way.
Vessels engaged in standard fishing will display a red light over a white light to indicate what they are doing.
'Red over white frying tonight'.?
Vessel lights - fishing not trawling
Vessels engaged in trawling instead of normal fishing will indicate the fact by displaying a green light over a white light. This lets us know that there fishing nets extending from the vessel which will present a hazard to other boats.
Vessel lights - trawling
Sometimes trawlers will work together. This is referred to as pair trawling. Both trawlers will display green lights over white lights. Additionally, they will display different lights to illustrate their activities. These are as shown in the following three illustrations.
Pair trawling - shooting nets
Pair trawling - Hauling nets
Pair trawling - nets fast upon an obstruction
The final type of fishing vessel with a unique light display is a Purse Seine fishing vessel. These fisherman drop weighted nets in a circle so as to form a 'purse'. These are then drawn in like a big bag to collect the shoals of fish.
Vessel lights - Purse seine fishing
In addition to the red over white lights, purse seiners will display to flashing yellow lights. These are installed vertically and flash alternately.
Vessels engaged in towing and whose purpose is to be able to tow will display the lights for a power driven vessel. In addition, they will display a second, white, forward facing masthead light and a yellow stern light. The yellow stern light is placed above the usual white stern light.
Towing under 200 metres
The length of the tow


text:
Dwarf Soldiers form the dwarfs' army. They are quite strong fighters and know how to make use of the complex terrain very well. Due to their shortness they can use passages through the mountains where nobody can follow them and attack with their crossbows from hiding-places where nobody expects them.
Dwarf Soldiers have 135 hitpoints. They are strong against earth damage. On the other hand, they are weak against death and fire damage. It takes 360 mana to summon or convince these creatures.
Dwarf Soldiers yield 70 experience points. They carry bolts, gold coins, shovels, soldier helmets, white mushrooms and sometimes other items with them.


text:
Revista mexicana de física E
versión impresa ISSN _PHONE_
CARBAJAL-DOMINGUEZ, A. et al. Numerical calculation of near field scalar diffraction using angular spectrum of plane waves theory and FFT. Rev. mex. fís. E [online]. 2010, vol.56, n.2, pp. 159-164. ISSN _PHONE_.
It is a known fact that near field diffraction or Fresnel diffraction calculations are difficult to perform exactly. It is in general necessary to make some approximations in order to obtain a more suitable form. In this work, a numerical implementation based on angular spectrum theory for near field diffraction is presented. The method uses Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), and it turns out to be accurate and fast. In order to show the capabilities of the method, diffraction near field for a circular aperture and a spiral slit are studied. Numerical and experimental results are shown. This method could be useful to implement pc based physical optics learning.
Palabras llave : Scalar wave diffraction; Fresnel diffraction; near field diffraction; FFT; Helmholtz equation.


What Is nPB?
Bromothane is sold in pails and drums"nPB" is an abbreviation for "Normal Propyl Bromide" or "1-bromo-propane" indicated by the CAS #106-94-5 on Safety Data Sheets. It is the active ingredient in the Bromothane™ cleaning fluids made by MicroCare. Based on the element bromine, nPB was selected by MicroCare to be the cornerstone upon which the Bromothane™ family of cleaners is built.
MicroCare chose nPB as a cleaning fluid because:
 - It is a versatile chemical and removers many types of contamination, such as oils, grease and fluxes which helps keep costs down;
 - It's nonflammable;
 - It is easy to re-use and recycle, which protects the environment and keeps costs down;
 - It has just the right combination of chemical physical properties (boiling point, flash point, specific gravity, viscosity, surface tension, etc.) which makes it an excellent cleaner but also easy to recycle and reuse, which keeps costs down.
Compared to flammable solvents like alcohols, or old-style cleaners like CFC-113, HCFC-225, HCFC-141b, TCE, TCA, perc, most aqueous-based cleaning products and many hydrocarbon-based choices, the winner clearly is Bromothane™.


text:
It is crucial for students of Vajrayana Buddhism to find an authentic wisdom teacher and know how to properly rely upon that teacher in order to awaken to their buddha nature and thereby attain full enlightenment. Fortunately, the topic has been thoroughly explored by Jamgon Kongtrul in the tenth chapter of The Treasury of Knowledge. This essential text clearly lays out what credentials and qualities one should look for in a wisdom teacher, why a wisdom teacher is necessary, and how the relationship between this teacher and disciple best develops once it is established.
News & Reviews
"This is a critical teaching especially suited for our confusing times, as students in the West continue to adapt to the Buddhist conceptions of devotion, submission, trust, and acceptance."—Shambhala Sun


PowerShell command prompt
Execute WQL with PowerShell
Q: How can I use PowerShell to query WMI Query Language?
A: If you want to use PowerShell to run a WMI Query Language (WQL) statement, you can use the following approach in which you replace $query with your own WQL statement:
$query = 'select TotalPhysicalMemory from Win32_ComputerSystem'
get-wmiobject -query $query -Namespace "root\CIMV2"

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text:
IKN's Event Communication System is designed to assist School Administrators and First Responders to inhibit the ability of an active shooter and immediately neutralize his control:
1. By first locating his position in the building using IKN's Floor Plan Software to quickly and accurately direct First Responders to his location
2. Reduce or eliminate panic through:
a. an automatic lockdown of all rooms
b. automatic audio/visual communication using IKN tablets + other*
c. prior training enhanced by IKN's recommended Student News**
3. Intervention in the first place, using IKN's Community Wellness Hub.***
IKN will work with schools to attempt to utilize existing a/v equipment if suitable to build a state-of-the-art building safety surveillance system.
** IKN recommends that the students take supervised ownership of their safety information and training using a weekly/monthly News Broadcast Format to discuss training to minimize or eliminate the dangers of extreme and day-to-day safety threats.
***IKN will assist your current community wellness personnel by introducing enhanced community wellness programs based on The Global Network for Community Safety LLC which aims to bring together a team of qualified advisors with the unique skills, knowledge, and experience necessary to support leaders and practitioners through the adoption of collaborative, risk-driven models of community safety in U.S. cities, towns, counties, and regions, and in jurisdictions around the world. The Global Network for Community Safety LLC is based in Canada and is associated with Pennsylvania State University (PSU). IKN is now a partner with the PSU Community Wellness Program.


Reflection formula
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Euler's reflection formula)
Jump to: navigation, search
In mathematics, a reflection formula or reflection relation for a function f is a relationship between f(a − x) and f(x). It is a special case of a functional equation, and it is very common in the literature to use the term "functional equation" when "reflection formula" is meant.
Reflection formulas are useful for numerical computation of special functions. In effect, an approximation that has greater accuracy or only converges on one side of a reflection point (typically in the positive half of the complex plane) can be employed for all arguments.
Known formulae[edit]
The even and odd functions satisfy simple reflection relations around a = 0. For all even functions,
f(-x) = f(x),\,\!
and for all odd functions,
f(-x) = -f(x).\,\!
A famous relationship is Euler's reflection formula
\Gamma(z)\Gamma(1-z) = \frac{\pi}{\sin{(\pi z)}}\!
for the Gamma function Γ(z), due to Leonhard Euler.
There is also a reflection formula for the general n-th order polygamma function ψ(n)(z),
\psi^{(n)} (1-z)+(-1)^{n+1}\psi^{(n)} (z) = (-1)^n \pi \frac{d^n}{d z^n} \cot{(\pi z)} \,
which springs trivally from the fact that the polygamma functions are defined as the derivations of the \ln \Gamma and thus its reflection formula is inherited to them.
The Riemann zeta function ζ(z) satisfies
\frac{\zeta(1-z)}{\zeta(z)} = \frac{2\, \Gamma(z)}{(2\pi)^{z}} \cos\left(\frac{\pi z}{2}\right),\,\!
and the Riemann Xi function ξ(z) satisfies
\xi(z) = \xi(1-z). \,\!
References[edit]


Browse Dictionary by Letter
Dictionary Suite
deoxyribonucleic acid see DNA.
depart to leave; go away. [4 definitions]
departmentalize to separate into departments.
department store a large retail store organized into departments, each of which orders, displays, and sells certain types of merchandise.
departure the act or an occasion of leaving or going away. [2 definitions]
depend to trust or rely (usu. fol. by on or upon). [2 definitions]
dependable deserving of trust or confidence; reliable.
dependence the condition of being dependent on another for help or support. [5 definitions]
dependency the condition of being dependent. [2 definitions]
dependent relying on another for help or support. [4 definitions]
dependent clause a clause that is syntactically not a complete sentence and is used only with an independent clause where it has the function of a noun, adjective, or adverb, such as "when he arrived" in "He seemed tired when he arrived"; subordinate clause; relative clause.
dependent colony colony in which a majority native population is ruled by a small number of representatives from the controlling nation.
depersonalize to cause to lose individual identity or characteristics. [2 definitions]
depict to portray or represent, as in a painting, sculpture, or written work.
depilatory able or designed to remove hair. [2 definitions]


text:
|AHELP for CIAO 4.9 Sherpa v1||
Parses the goodness-of-fit statistic information returned by calc_stat_info()
The get_stat_info() function is available for parsing the output of the calc_stat_info() function, which returns the goodness-of-fit statistics associated with a data set and its assigned model. The advantage it offers over the get_fit_results() function is that it returns statistics on individual data sets included in a simultaneous fit, plus the statistics of the simultaneous fit, whereas get_fit_results() would only return the statistics of the simultaneous fit. The get_stat_info() function is useful for accessing and manipulating individual components of the calc_stat_info() structure, e.g. within a script, whereas calc_stat_info() is recommended for printing fit statistic information to the screen, at the Sherpa command line.
The get_stat_info() function returns the following information about how well the specified models fit the data:
- name - name of data set
- ids - data set ID number
- bkg_ids - associated background data set ID number
- statname - the chosen fit statistic
- statval - fit statistic value
- numpoints - number of bins in the fit
- dof - the number of degrees of freedom in the fit, i.e. the number of bins minus the number of free parameters
- qval - [only reported with chi-square, 'cstat', and 'wstat' statistics] a measure of the (Q-value) probability that one would observe the reduced statistic value, or a larger value, if the assumed model is true and the best-fit model parameters are the true parameter values
- rstat - [only reported with chi-square, 'cstat', and 'wstat' statistics] fit statistic value divided by the number of degrees of freedom
This function accepts no arguments; it returns the fit statistics for all data sets which have been assigned models, including background data sets associated with source data sets. This means that if a fit has not yet been performed in the Sherpa session, calc_stat_info() will return not-very-meaningful statistics for data sets which have been assigned models but which have not yet been fit. Also, if a fit has been performed for only some of the data sets with assigned models, those data sets which were not explicitly fit will be included in the simultaneous fit results returned by calc_stat_info() (see an example of this behavior below in the examples section).
sherpa> set_source(xsphabs.abs1 * powlaw1d.p1) sherpa> set_bkg_model("p1") sherpa> fit() sherpa> statinfo = get_stat_info() sherpa> print(statinfo) sherpa> print(statinfo) sherpa> print(statinfo)
Return the statistics resulting from a simultaneous fit of the source and background spectra assigned to default data set 1. Print the goodness-of-fit statistics for each individual data set included in the fit, plus the simultaneous fit.
sherpa> print(get_stat_info()) name = Dataset 1 ids = (1,) bkg_ids = None statname = chi2gehrels statval = 5506._PHONE_ numpoints = 1024 dof = 1021 qval = 0.0 rstat = 5.39293827041 sherpa> print(get_stat_info()) name = Background 1 for Dataset 1 ids = (1,) bkg_ids = (1,) statname = chi2gehrels statval = 15975._PHONE_ numpoints = 1024 dof = 1022 qval = 0.0 rstat = 15._PHONE_ sherpa-23> print(get_stat_info()) name = Dataset ids = bkg_ids = None statname = chi2gehrels statval = 21481.776586 numpoints = 2048 dof = 2045 qval = 0.0 rstat = 10._PHONE_
sherpa> load_pha("source.pi") sherpa> load_arf("arf1.fits") sherpa> load_rmf("rmf1.fits") sherpa> set_source(xsphabs.abs1 * xspowerlaw.p1) sherpa> subtract() sherpa> fit() sherpa> calc_stat_info() sherpa> f = get_stat_info() sherpa> print(f.rstat)
The calc_stat_info() function is used to return the goodness-of-fit statistics resulting from the fit of an absorbed power law model to background-subtracted data set 1. The get_stat_info() function is used to parse this information and store the fit statistic information to variable "f"; "f" is then used in turn to access the reduced statistic value.
sherpa> calc_stat_info() Dataset = 1 Statistic = chi2gehrels Fit statistic value = 703.792 Data points = 1024 Degrees of freedom = 1021 Probability [Q-value] = 1 Reduced statistic = 0.689316 sherpa> f = get_stat_info() sherpa> print(f) name = Dataset ids = bkg_ids = None statname = chi2gehrels statval = 703.791857589 numpoints = 1024 dof = 1021 qval = 1.0 rstat = 0.689316217031 sherpa> print(f.rstat) 0.689316217031
The get_stat_info() routine fails with the message "StatErr: No background data has been supplied. Use cstat" when used with the wstat statistic.
See the bugs pages on the Sherpa website for an up-to-date listing of known bugs.
- get_conf, get_covar, get_int_proj, get_int_unc, get_proj, get_reg_proj, get_reg_unc
- get_areascal, get_arf, get_arf_plot, get_axes, get_backscal, get_bkg, get_bkg_plot, get_bkg_scale, get_coord, get_counts, get_data, get_data_plot, get_dep, get_dims, get_error, get_exposure, get_grouping, get_indep, get_quality, get_rmf, get_specresp, get_staterror, get_syserror
- calc_stat_info, get_fit
- get_default_id, list_stats
- get_draws, get_iter_method_name, get_iter_method_opt, get_method
- get_model, get_model_component, get_model_component_image, get_model_component_plot, get_model_plot, get_num_par, get_order_plot, get_par, get_pileup_model, get_response, get_source, get_source_component_image, get_source_component_plot, image_source
- get_kernel, get_psf
- get_chisqr_plot, get_delchi_plot, get_prior, get_sampler, get_stat
- get_analysis, get_rate
- get_ratio, get_resid, image_getregion


text:
REVOLUTIONIZING CURRICULUM & STUDENT SUCCESS
Cajon Valley Union School District | FEBRUARY 4TH | 8:30 AM - 1:00 PM
Cajon Valley Union School District, an exemplar in Digital Convergence, is on a mission to realign public education to meet the demands of life after graduation. They have developed a Modern Curriculum that reflects the district's revolutionary approach to what it means for students to be successful. At the heart of their efforts is a cohesive, district-wide vision: happy kids engaged in meaningful relationships on a path to gainful employment.
What are the results, and how does this Modern Curriculum manifest in the classroom? Visit Cajon Valley Union School District at NCDC19 to explore their Modern Curriculum and how they take shape at schools across the district. Space is limited. Select this session when you register below.
TEDxKids@ElCajon creates a forum for students to develop and refine their presentation literacy, synthesize and share new ideas, and explore the practical applications of their passions.
World of Work
This program presents students with opportunities to explore career possibilities that are directly tied to what they are learning in school and align with their strengths, interests, and values.


text: Abstract: Spatial Reuse (SR) has recently gained attention for performance maximization in IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Decentralized mechanisms are expected to be key in the development of SR solutions for next-generation WLANs, since many deployments are characterized by being uncoordinated by nature. However, the potential of decentralized mechanisms is limited by the significant lack of knowledge with respect to the overall wireless environment. To shed some light on this subject, we show the main considerations and possibilities of applying online learning to address the SR problem in uncoordinated WLANs. In particular, we provide a solution based on Multi-Armed Bandits (MABs) whereby independent WLANs dynamically adjust their frequency channel, transmit power and sensitivity threshold. To that purpose, we provide two different strategies, which refer to selfish and environment-aware learning. While the former stands for pure individual behavior, the second one aims to consider the performance experienced by surrounding networks, thus taking into account the impact of individual actions on the environment. Through these two strategies we delve into practical issues of applying MABs in wireless networks, such as convergence guarantees or adversarial effects. Our simulation results illustrate the potential of the proposed solutions for enabling SR in future WLANs, showing that substantial improvements on network performance can be achieved regarding throughput and fairness.


- $this
Source Code
public function or_where_open()
{
 $this->_where[] = array('OR' => '(');
 return $this;
}
public order_by( mixed $column [, string $direction = NULL ] ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query_Builder_Where)
Applies sorting with "ORDER BY ..."
Parameters
 - mixed $column required - Column name or array($column, $alias) or object
 - string $direction = NULL - Direction of sorting
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function order_by($column, $direction = NULL)
{
 $this->_order_by[] = array($column, $direction);
 return $this;
}
public where( mixed $column , string $op , mixed $value ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query_Builder_Where)
Alias of and_where()
Parameters
 - mixed $column required - Column name or array($column, $alias) or object
 - string $op required - Logic operator
 - mixed $value required - Column value
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function where($column, $op, $value)
{
 return $this->and_where($column, $op, $value);
}
public where_close( ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query_Builder_Where)
Closes an open "WHERE (...)" grouping.
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function where_close()
{
 return $this->and_where_close();
}
public where_close_empty( ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query_Builder_Where)
Closes an open "WHERE (...)" grouping or removes the grouping when it is empty.
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function where_close_empty()
{
 $group = end($this->_where);
 if ($group AND reset($group) === '(')
 {
 array_pop($this->_where);
 return $this;
 }
 return $this->where_close();
}
public where_open( ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query_Builder_Where)
Alias of and_where_open()
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function where_open()
{
 return $this->and_where_open();
}
public __toString( ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Return the SQL query string.
Return Values
 - string
Source Code
public function __toString()
{
 try
 {
 // Return the SQL string
 return $this->compile(Database::instance());
 }
 catch (Exception $e)
 {
 return Kohana_Exception::text($e);
 }
}
public as_assoc( ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Returns results as associative arrays
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function as_assoc()
{
 $this->_as_object = FALSE;
 $this->_object_params = array();
 return $this;
}
public as_object( [ string $class = bool TRUE , array $params = NULL ] ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Returns results as objects
Parameters
 - string $class = bool TRUE - Classname or TRUE for stdClass
 - array $params = NULL - $params
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function as_object($class = TRUE, array $params = NULL)
{
 $this->_as_object = $class;
 if ($params)
 {
 // Add object parameters
 $this->_object_params = $params;
 }
 return $this;
}
public bind( string $param , mixed & $var ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Bind a variable to a parameter in the query.
Parameters
 - string $param required - Parameter key to replace
 - byref mixed $var required - Variable to use
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function bind($param, & $var)
{
 // Bind a value to a variable
 $this->_parameters[$param] =& $var;
 return $this;
}
public cached( [ integer $lifetime = NULL , boolean $force = bool FALSE ] ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Enables the query to be cached for a specified amount of time.
Parameters
 - integer $lifetime = NULL - Number of seconds to cache, 0 deletes it from the cache
 - boolean $force = bool FALSE - Whether or not to execute the query during a cache hit
Tags
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function cached($lifetime = NULL, $force = FALSE)
{
 if ($lifetime === NULL)
 {
 // Use the global setting
 $lifetime = Kohana::$cache_life;
 }
 $this->_force_execute = $force;
 $this->_lifetime = $lifetime;
 return $this;
}
public execute( [ mixed $db = NULL , string $as_object = NULL , array $object_params = NULL ] ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Execute the current query on the given database.
Parameters
 - mixed $db = NULL - Database instance or name of instance
 - string $as_object = NULL - Result object classname, TRUE for stdClass or FALSE for array
 - array $object_params = NULL - Result object constructor arguments
Return Values
 - object - Database_Result for SELECT queries
 - mixed - The insert id for INSERT queries
 - integer - Number of affected rows for all other queries
Source Code
public function execute($db = NULL, $as_object = NULL, $object_params = NULL)
{
 if ( ! is_object($db))
 {
 // Get the database instance
 $db = Database::instance($db);
 }
 if ($as_object === NULL)
 {
 $as_object = $this->_as_object;
 }
 if ($object_params === NULL)
 {
 $object_params = $this->_object_params;
 }
 // Compile the SQL query
 $sql = $this->compile($db);
 if ($this->_lifetime !== NULL AND $this->_type === Database::SELECT)
 {
 // Set the cache key based on the database instance name and SQL
 $cache_key = 'Database::query("'.$db.'", "'.$sql.'")';
 // Read the cache first to delete a possible hit with lifetime <= 0
 if (($result = Kohana::cache($cache_key, NULL, $this->_lifetime)) !== NULL
 AND ! $this->_force_execute)
 {
 // Return a cached result
 return new Database_Result_Cached($result, $sql, $as_object, $object_params);
 }
 }
 // Execute the query
 $result = $db->query($this->_type, $sql, $as_object, $object_params);
 if (isset($cache_key) AND $this->_lifetime > 0)
 {
 // Cache the result array
 Kohana::cache($cache_key, $result->as_array(), $this->_lifetime);
 }
 return $result;
}
public param( string $param , mixed $value ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Set the value of a parameter in the query.
Parameters
 - string $param required - Parameter key to replace
 - mixed $value required - Value to use
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function param($param, $value)
{
 // Add or overload a new parameter
 $this->_parameters[$param] = $value;
 return $this;
}
public parameters( array $params ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Add multiple parameters to the query.
Parameters
 - array $params required - List of parameters
Return Values
 - $this
Source Code
public function parameters(array $params)
{
 // Merge the new parameters in
 $this->_parameters = $params + $this->_parameters;
 return $this;
}
public type( ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query)
Get the type of the query.
Return Values
 - integer
Source Code
public function type()
{
 return $this->_type;
}
protected _compile_conditions( object $db , array $conditions ) (defined in Kohana_Database_Query_Builder)
Compiles an array of conditions into an SQL partial. Used for WHERE and HAVING.
Parameters
 - object $db required - Database instance
 - array $conditions required - Condition statements
Return Values
 - string
Source Code
protected function _compile_conditions(Database $db, array $conditions)
{
 $last_condition = NULL;
 $sql = '';
 foreach ($conditions as $group)
 {
 // Process groups of conditions
 foreach ($group as $logic => $condition)
 {
 if ($condition === '(')
 {
 if ( ! empty($sql) AND $last_condition !== '


text:
Although there may be several origins of Yohe, there is no doubt that some with this name are directly related to the Joho line. In the ship's manifest of the Snow Two Sisters arriving Philadelphia in 1738, Johannes Joho's name is also spelled Johe.
I have found various records throughout the years where the same person is spelled Yoho, Yohe, and Yoh. I have also received several letters from families in the Western US who indicated their parents or grandparents changed their name of Yoho to Yohe, because apparently there are more families living in that part of the US with the Yohe spelling. One such letter came from William Yohe in Des Moines Iowa who had traced his line back to Peter Yoho.
There is strong evidence that the perhaps the majority of those with the name Yohe derived it from the Joh spelling. There are several sources that relate the names Yohe and Joh and some that relate Yohe to Yoha. Some accounts of the origin of Yohe follow:.
|Sources of Johe/Yohe Genealogy|
In 1998 I received a copy of a recent family history entitled "The Old Eberbacher Families. The origin of the Swiss Immigrant Conrad Joho to Schinznach in Aargau" by Hermann Eiermann dated 1997. I have partially translated this book (from German) that accounts for the history of Conrad Joho dating from 1395 in Baden Switzerland.
This book contains a few references to the Name Johe and Joh. Some of my translation is as follows:
The investigations of Joho must expand to include similarly written surnames, but it is not clear from where these other names take their origin. The surname Johe is very common in South Hessen. This name however is not found in the documents of the Erbacher's files around 1450. When and from where this name originated is also not recogonized from the oldest church books. The original (church? book?) burned and was recreated again in a way of a so-called inspection by the minister, by citing and indicating the living citizens to approximately 1650.
Three citations of the name Johe and Joh were found in Eiermann's book:
In 1998, I received a letter from Richard Yohe that included historical information from Scott Yohe of Washington D.C.
Our records start in 1668, when members of the Huguenot family named Joe (Joseph) fled religious persecution in France and settled in a Lutheran area (specifically, near Beerfelden, Erbach. The spelling was soon changed to Joh but pronounced Yo-uh. Sometime in the mid-1700s the "e" was put back on the end of the name to make it more like the original. Our ancestor, Michael, Sr., was a young boy when brought to Easton, PA in 1754 by his mother and step-father. It seems that she and his late father were cousins, and her brother, Adam Yohe (the "J" was quickly changed to "Y" and the "e" made long), also settled in Easton. After the revolution, Michael moved west and settled in Monogahela City, south of Pittsburgh. His son, Michael, Jr., got a land grant in Ohio (one of my cousins still has the document) and settled near Canton. Our grandfather, an uncle, and his sons operated (and still do) a hardware business. Our great grandfather, George Washington Yohe was an enterprising character, who, among other things, taught political science at Mt. Union College, named many of the streets in Canton, and owned a lot of real estate, including Hotel Yohe.
With regard to Yohe/Yoho... I have never heard anyone even suggest there was a connection between these two names (Yoho and Yohe). At one time ( 20 years) a grandfather was doing all sorts of research into the family name, tracing it back to wherever... and there wasn't a word about that spelling. "Yoh" was the root name and when it hit the US they added the "e" for so folks could pronounce it...at least that's what I was told.
Chris Stern from British Columbia Canada sent the following e-mail about the name Yoh and Yohe:
We are interested in the 3 names Johann Jacob Joh, Johan Adam Joh, and Johann Michel Joh who were aboard the ship Albany in 1749 listed on your website. All three go back to Jacob Joh ea. 1630 Germany.
I am also corresponding with others doing research on the Yohe line. They all have similar information as to the Yohe name going back to Germany in 1630. From all their correspondence, it seems that Joh was changed to Yohe when the 3 came over. Johann Adam and Johann Jacob were brothers Johan Michael was their cousin.
I can find no Issac Yohe, but the information I have doesn't include any children for Johann Jacob. I have descendants for their sister Anna Maria Barbara which is also the mother of Johan Michael Joh(Yohe) that came on the Albany. They are also related to the Shouse. My genealogy site contains a small page on Yohe, although this page is still under construction.
Chris also included an early partial Family Lineage from Beerfelden Parish Church in Odenwald Germany:
Hans Peter Joh(1691-?) Married Anna Elizabeth Ulrich (_PHONE_);
Hans Georg Joh (1693-?) Married Anna Margareta Ulrich (?-1767)
George Conrad Joh Married Anna Maria Barbara Joh (This is the daughter of the above Hans Peter Joh and Anna Ulrich)
I saw your family page on the Internet. I've been doing research on the YOH, YOHE, JOH family who settled in Schuylkill Co. These Yohs don't seem to fit in with your family but since you mentioned Jacob and William Yoh of Schuylkill Co. I thought I would fill you in on some details.
This Jacob Yoh was born about 1755 and died in Schuylkill Co. in 1829. According to his will his children were Henry, Adam, William, Benjamin, Ester, Peggy, Catherine and Jacob.
William Yoh was born in 1787 and died in 1827. He is buried at Flowery Field Cemetery, near Pottsville, Pa. He married Maria Boyer, the daughter of another early settler in Schuylkill Co. They had a son, James, who died in Jefferson Co. Pa. in 1899 at age 82. Adam Yoh, another son of Jacob, also moved to Jefferson Co. Pa.
Jacob was apparently the son of George (b. abt 1720 and died 1782) and Elizabeth Yoh of Windsor Twp. Berks Co.
There are a lot of Yohs buried in the Mifflinville Cemetery, Mifflin Twp, Columbia Co. Pa. Supposedly they are descendants of Peter Yoh of Berks Co. who may have been a son of George-- and thus a brother of Jacob.
I have some more information about this family, if you are interested. Let me know.
Bea Leemhuis 2631 W. 6th St. Erie, Pa. 16505; _EMAIL_
The following account was found in Joseph H. Zerbey History, Pottsville and Schuylkill County PA. The original article quoted in the account is from the Pottsville Republican Morning Paper, September 1934:
New Castle Township, so named after the famous coal centre of England was formed from Norwegian in 1847. Prior to its organization as a separate township it was a part of Norweigian Township, one of the nine original townships of Schuylkill.
The first settlers in what is now New Castle Township were Jacob Joh, John boyer, and Necho Allen. The Necho Allen Hotel in Pottsville perpetuates the memory of this early Schuylkill County Pioneer. Yoh settled on the turnpike leading west from Wadesville near the present residence of Owen Loftus and which at an earlier date was the home of Evan Evans, early coal operator and the father of Wm. J. Evans, present Prothonotary of Sch. County.
Boyer located about a mile north of Yoh, on the road leading to Mt. Laffee. This dwelling was later occupied by Tobey hire, and was but recently removed due to mining operations.
Necho Allen settled at the Big Spring about one-half mile above the later site of the village of New Castle on the summit of Broad Mountain. His residence was called the "black Cabin".
In one of his hunting expiditions in 1790, Allen camped on Broad Mountain for the night and kindled a fire among some rocks. During the night he wakened to find a mass of glowing fire, having accidently set fire to an outcrop of an anthracite coal-bed.
Later a tavern was erected on the spot along the Centre Turnpike and called the "Second Tavern" to distinguish it from another tavern located in the village of New Castle, and known as the "First Tavern". This latter building was recently removed, its last occupant being Peter McCloskey. These three early settlers took up residence in the township about the year 1800.
William Yoh (Yohe), son of Jacob Yoh and son-in-law of John Boyer, built the first tavern along what became the Centre Turnpike, about 1810. This tavern was burned in 183


Four identical metallic objects carry the following charges:+5.8 µC,+1.4 µC,-3.0 µC,and -6.8µC. The objects are brought simultaneously into contact, sothat each touches the others. Then they are separated.
(a) What is the final charge on eachobject?
(b) How many electrons (or protons) make up the final charge oneach object?
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Wedding Frame
Wedding Frame
Create a personal wedding frame that complements a photo of your wedding day.
Step 1: Collect Supplies and Tools
Instructions: You'll need the following:
- Avery Printable Cotton (3384™)
- Fiskars® Shape Cutter and Wave Edge template (4860)
- Cutting knife
- Scrapbook album or chipboard frame, 12" x 12"
- Dark green scrapbook paper
- Dark green and white ribbon
- Personal photo
- Glue
Step 2: Create Your Design
Instructions: Using your favorite software, create a text box that fills the page. Color the text box a light pale green. Type the couple's names in a darker green text. Copy and paste the names repeatedly to fill the page.
Step 3: Print and Attach
Instructions: Print out the text on two sheets of Avery Printable Cotton. Use both sheets to completely cover the surface area of the album, then attach the sheets to the album with glue.
Attach picture on top with glue.
Note: As an alternative project, you can also glue the sheets to a chipboard frame. Using a cutting knife, trim out the area where the picture will show through.
Step 4: Cut and Attach
Instructions: Use the Fiskars® Shape Cutter and Wave Edge template (4860) to cut 1" borders from the dark green scrapbook paper.
Glue onto the edges of the album or frame.
Step 5: Decorate
Instructions: Embellish with ribbon, covering seam between the sheets of Avery Printable Cotton.