text:
Sicily weather - the best time to visit Sicily, Italy
Located fairly centrally in the Mediterranean Sea, the Italian island of Sicily is an epitome of the Mediterranean climate. Hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters is an accurate, yet very generic description of the weather conditions in Sicily. The largest of the Mediterranean islands, with the total area of nearly 10 thousand square miles, is very versatile in many aspects, amongst them also weather depending on the location.
Sicily, the largest island of the Mediterranean.
The geomorphology of Sicily – the mountainous terrain with great altitude differences as well as the influence of see currents and winds blowing from the Mediterranean – are responsible for many local climate variations.
In general, and as is a case of many island, the weather varies greatly between the coast and the mountainous interior. On a summer day, the difference in temperatures between a coastal resort and a Mount Etna slope can be of even 10 degrees Celsius, depending on the altitude.
Also, the southern and southeastern parts of Sicilly are usually warmer and drier than the remaining part of the island as the mountain range towering over Sicily's northern coast acts as a barrier to the winds blowing from the north. The difference of 2-3 degrees Celsius between the northern and the southern Sicily coast is common.
Prior to travelling to Sicily it is always recommended to refer to a reliable source for current weather conditions in a chosen location in Sicily. Below, we present a general outline of what weather to expect on the island during different seasons.
Summer in Sicily
Long summer season is typical for the Mediterranean climate. Although the summer as such comprises the months from June to August, already in May the daytime temperatures in the coastal areas exceed 20 degrees Celsius. August is the warmest month in Sicily, with average temperatures of 26 degrees Celsius. Once again, be aware of the local microclimates; while along the coast the temperatures may easily rise to 30 degrees, the hilly interior is much cooler.
Sicily lies less than 100 miles from the northern coast of Africa and the Sirocco, a wind blowing from the Sahara brings, at times, uncomfortable, scorching heat and arid air to the southwestern cost of Sicily during the summer months.
Palermo weather (temperatures, precipitation, sunshine hours).
The sun exposure is excellent in Sicily and during the summer season around 10 hours of sunshine can be enjoyed while rain is extremely rare and limited mostly to the mountainous areas in the interior.
Be prepared that in the hilly areas the temperatures decrease considerably during the night and even during summer at least a light jacket might be necessary if staying overnight in the interior.
Autumn and spring – the shoulder season in Sicily
While during the summer and winter the weather is fairly stable in Sicily, it can be quite unpredictable during the short spring and autumn seasons.
Late September brings the perceptible difference in weather as the temperatures start dropping towards 20 degrees Celsius and the days become slightly shorter. In October, the average temperature in the coastal areas of Sicily is of 17 degrees Celsius; in November, around 13 degrees.
The chance of rain increases drastically in October and frequent, although short, showers are common.
September and early October are a great time to visit Sicily for those who do not enjoy heat and tourist crowds. The weather is still pleasant, with the additional bonus – very warm waters of the Mediterranean, which accumulated the heat after the warm summer and offer very comfortable temperature of 25-26 degrees Celsius.
The Indian summer in Sicily greets the visitors with beautiful colours of laves changing colors and the local vineyards offer the unforgettable grape harvest experience for the wine lovers.
Spring, again, is a good time for an off-season Sicily holiday, especially if beach activities and swimming in the sea are not a must. The daytime temperatures, still 'shy' in March, at around 13 degrees, increase to an average 20 degrees in May. Despite the 6 to 8 hours of sunshine per day, before the summer arrives, for most holiday makers the weather is not warm enough for relaxation at the beach and the water temperature far from comfortable, at around 19 degrees Celsius. The chance of rain decreases and the island prepares for the upcoming tourist season.
Easter is an interesting time to be in Sicily as the island, festively decorated, immerses in the traditional celebrations and the smell of seasonal dishes.
The nature also puts on a show during the Sicilian spring, as the fields across the island cover in yellows, reds and purples of the blooming wild flowers.
Winter in Sicily – ski in the Mediterranean
The versatility of the Sicily climate are the most evident during the winter season. While in the coastal areas even in the coldest month, January, the average daytime temperatures round 10 degrees Celsius, in the highest sections of the mountains and especially on the slopes of Mount Etna snow accumulates in significant quantities. The snow-capped peak of Etna, the tallest active volcano in Europe, dominates over the Sicily landscapes and to a great surprise of many, the Mount Etna skiing is one of Sicily winter tourist attractions.
The footage of Mount Etna skiing:
Temperatures below freezing point are usually registered only in the most elevated parts of the mountains.
December and early January see the shortest days, with an average of 9.5 hour of daylight and only 4 hours of daily sunshine hours.
Rain is frequent in Sicily between November and March, being December and January the wettest months. The rain, although frequent, usually does not last long and does not exclude sightseeing.
Winer is a great time to explore the cultural side of Sicily; there are 6 UNESCO World Heritage Sites on Sicily, amongst them the Baroque Towns of Ragusa, Catania and Modica, the Arab-Norman complex of Palermo and the Doric Temples of Agrigento.


text:
Hop, skip and jumping robots
February 11, 2013 |
Jumping robots powered by a combustion engine? Sounds like something from 1930s sci-fi.
New leaps and bounds in heat-resistant materials mean soft-bodied silicon robots can now use controlled explosions, like those in car engines, to make them jump really high.
An electrode sparks a reaction in the simple robot's leg. This releases lots of energy downwards, making the robot hop up to 30 cm off the ground.
This jump in innovation could lead to new search-and-rescue robots designed to leap and do cartwheels over obstacles.
This research appears in the 8 February 2013 issue of the journal Nature.
Do you like this story?VN:F [1.9.4_1102]214 people liked this story

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


3D rendering limitations
Wprowadzenie
Due to their focus on performance, real-time rendering engines have many limitations. Godot's renderer is no exception. To work effectively with those limitations, you need to understand them.
Texture size limits
On desktops and laptops, textures larger than 8192×8192 may not be supported on older devices. You can check your target GPU's limitations on GPUinfo.org.
Mobile GPUs are typically limited to 4096×4096 textures. Also, some mobile GPUs don't support repeating non-power-of-two-sized textures. Therefore, if you want your texture to display correctly on all platforms, you should avoid using textures larger than 4096×4096 and use a power of two size if the texture needs to repeat.
Color banding
When using the GLES3 or Vulkan renderers, Godot's 3D engine renders internally in HDR. However, the rendering output will be tonemapped to a low dynamic range so it can be displayed on the screen. This can result in visible banding, especially when using untextured materials. This can also be seen in 2D projects when using smooth gradient textures.
There are two main ways to alleviate banding:
 - Enable Use Debanding in the Project Settings. This applies a fullscreen debanding shader as a post-processing effect and is very cheap. Fullscreen debanding is only supported when using the GLES3 or Vulkan renderers. It also requires HDR to be enabled in the Project Settings (which is the default).
 - Alternatively, bake some noise into your textures. This is mainly effective in 2D, e.g. for vignetting effects. In 3D, you can also use a custom debanding shader to be applied on your materials. This technique works even if your project is rendered in LDR, which means it will work when using the GLES2 renderer.
Zobacz także
See Banding in Games: A Noisy Rant for more details about banding and ways to combat it.
Depth buffer precision
To sort objects in 3D space, rendering engines rely on a depth buffer (also called Z-buffer). This buffer has a finite precision: 24-bit on desktop platforms, sometimes 16-bit on mobile platforms (for performance reasons). If two different objects end up on the same buffer value, then Z-fighting will occur. This will materialize as textures flickering back and forth as the camera moves or rotates.
To make the depth buffer more precise over the rendered area, you should increase the Camera node's Near property. However, be careful: if you set it too high, players will be able to see through nearby geometry. You should also decrease the Camera node's Far property to the lowest permissible value for your use case, though keep in mind it won't impact precision as much as the Near property.
If you only need high precision when the player can see far away, you could change it dynamically based on the game conditions. For instance, if the player enters an airplane, the Near property can be temporarily increased to avoid Z-fighting in the distance. It can then be decreased once the player leaves the airplane.
Depending on the scene and viewing conditions, you may also be able to move the Z-fighting objects further apart without the difference being visible to the player.
Transparency sorting
In Godot, transparent materials are drawn after opaque materials. Transparent objects are sorted back to front before being drawn based on the Node3D's position, not the vertex position in world space. Due to this, overlapping objects may often be sorted out of order. To fix improperly sorted objects, tweak the material's Render Priority property. This will force specific materials to appear in front or behind of other transparent materials. Even then, this may not always be sufficient.
Some rendering engines feature order-independent transparency techniques to alleviate this, but this is costly on the GPU. Godot currently doesn't provide this feature. There are still several ways to avoid this problem:
 - Only make materials transparent if you actually need it. If a material only has a small transparent part, consider splitting it into a separate material. This will allow the opaque part to cast shadows and may also improve performance.
 - If you want a material to fade with distance, use the SpatialMaterial distance fade mode Pixel Dither or Object Dither instead of PixelAlpha. This will make the material opaque. This way, it can also cast shadows.
Multi-sample antialiasing
Multi-sample antialiasing (MSAA) takes multiple coverage samples at the edges of polygons when rendering objects. It does not increase the number of color samples used to render a scene. Here's what this means in practice:
 - Edges of meshes will be smoothed out nicely (as well as supersampling would).
 - Transparent materials that use alpha testing (1-bit transparency) won't be smoothed out.
 - Specular aliasing ("sparkles" that appear on reflective surfaces) won't be reduced.
There are several ways to work around this limitation depending on your performance budget:
 - To make specular aliasing less noticeable, open the Project Settings and enable Rendering > Quality > Screen Space Filters > Screen Space Roughness Limiter. This filter has a moderate cost on performance. It should be enabled only if you actually need it.
 - Enable FXAA in addition to (or instead of) MSAA. Since FXAA is a screen-space antialiasing method, it will smooth out anything. As a downside, it will also make the scene appear blurrier, especially at resolutions below 1440p.
 - Render the scene at a higher resolution, then display it in a ViewportTexture that matches the window size. Make sure to enable Filter on the ViewportTexture flags. This technique is called supersampling and is very slow. Its use is generally only recommended for offline rendering.


activity window is first drawn, after it goes through all of the startup stuff. This time includes the entire time that it took to launch the process, until the application ran layout and drew for the first time. This is basically the main information you need. It doesn't include the amount of time it took between the user clicking your app icon and the system getting ready to launch your activity, which is fine, because you cannot (as an app developer) affect that time, so there's no need to measure it. Instead, it includes all of the time it took to load your code, initialize your classes that are used at start time, run layout, and draw your app that first time. All of which is really what you want to measure, because that's what you can and should try to optimize.

 There's an additional option to be aware of. The 'Displayed' time is automatically reported, to give you a quick measure of how long that initial launch took. But what if you are also loading in some other content asynchronously and want to know how long it took for everything to be loaded, drawn, and ready to go? In that case, you'll want to additionally call Activity.onReportFullyDrawn(), which will then report, in the log, the time between that initial apk start (the same time as that used for the Displayed time) and the time when you call the onReportFullyDrawn() method. This secondary time is a superset of the initial one (assuming you call it after the initial launch time, which is preferred), giving you the additional information about how long it took to do everything, including the follow-on work after the app was first displayed.

 There is another way of measuring startup time which is worth mentioning for completeness, especially since it uses my favorite device tool, screenrecord. This technique involves recording the entire experience of tapping on your app's icon to launch it and waiting until your app window is up and ready to go.

  First, start screenrecord with the --bugreport option (which adds timestamps to the frames - this was a feature added in L. I think):

$ adb shell screenrecord --bugreport /sdcard/launch.mp4

  Then tap your app icon, wait until your app is displayed, ctrl-C screenrecord, and pull the file up onto your host system with adb pull:

$ adb pull /sdcard/launch.mp4

  Now you can open the resulting video and see what's happening when. To do this effectively, you'll need to have a video player that allows you to step frame-by-frame (Quicktime does this, not sure what the best player with this feature is on other OSs). Now step through the frames, noticing that there's a frame timestamp at the top of the video window.

  Step forward until you see the app icon highlighted - this happens after the system has processed the click event on the icon and has started to launch the app. Note the frame time when this happened. Now frame-step forward until you see the first frame that your application's full UI begins to be visible. Depending on your launch experience (whether you have a starting window, a splash screen, etc.), the exact sequence of events and windows may vary. For a simple application you'll see the starting window come up first, then a cross-fade with the real UI in your application when it's ready. You want to note the first frame where you see any of the real UI content of your app. This happens when your app has finished layout and drawn itself, and is now ready to be shown. Note the time at this frame as well.

  Now subtract the two times ((UI displayed) - (icon tapped)); this is the full time that it took for your app to go all the way from the initial user tap to being drawn and ready. It is a superset of the "Displayed" log described above, since it includes time before the process launches and after that first rendering (when the system starts the cross-fade animation), but it is at least something that you can use for comparison purposes with other launches after you make things faster and want to see how much better it is.

  As with any performance testing, it's good to try to run your tests in similar situations multiple times (including making sure you're testing 'cold start' as noted above), as various things can happen to vary the results on any one run.

  Now that you know how to figure out your launch times, whichever approach you use, go make it faster.
 Please.
 Chet Haasehttps://plus.google.com/104755487586666698979noreply@blogger.com15tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6843566830671277353.post-64984259746239124832015-06-09T09:02:00.000-07:002015-06-09T09:02:45.007-07:00Developing for AndroidA series of articles have been posted on the <a href="_URL_ Developers publication on medium.com that explain the constraints of mobile applications and a set of rules to keep in mind in order to develop good, well-performing Android applications.

  <a href="_URL_ Understanding the Mobile Context
 <a href="_URL_ Memory
 <a href="_URL_ Performance
 <a href="_URL_ Networking
 <a href="_URL_ Language & Libraries
 <a href="_URL_ Storage
 <a href="_URL_ Framework
 <a href="_URL_ The Rules: User Interface
 <a href="_URL_ ToolsChet Haasehttps://plus.google.com/104755487586666698979noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6843566830671277353.post-42614924394178644532015-01-28T06:46:00.000-08:002015-01-28T13:17:26.424-08:00Android Development: Lotsa LinksThis is meant to be a living archive of Android presentations, articles, videos, whatever that I've presented, co-presented, written, been a witness to, or simply enjoyed and learned from. People ask for this stuff occasionally ("Where can I learn more about performance tuning on Android?" or "Where can I see more videos of Romain? He's so dreamy, with that almost-real French accent!"),


What is Correlation length?
 1. What is "Correlation length"?
 Hi everyone,
 I want to know meaning of "correlation length".
 Correlation function is usually used in statistics, so I think correlation length also similar meaning.
 But some paper used correlation length to explain roughness factor.
 Plz, anyone reply this message who is know about correlation length meaning or useful links.
 Thanks a lot to read this message. :)
 2. jcsd
 3. Cthugha
 Cthugha 1,715
 Science Advisor
 Consider a sample with a surface that is not perfectly flat, but somewhat rough. If you want to analyze the surface roughness, you can just measure the thickness of your sample at many positions, say every micrometer. Now, you have the mean sample thickness and the deviation from the mean for every point on the surface where you did a measurement. For a real surface, the deviation from the mean will not change randomly on every micrometer, but there will be some extended "hillls" and "valleys" on your sample. So, if you check the deviation from the mean at one sample position and have a look at the deviation at an adjacent position, it is very likely that both will be similar, while it is very unlikely that one is a large positive deviation and the other is a large negative deviation. If you have a look at the deviation from the mean thickness at one end of the sample and the deviation from the mean at the other end of the sample, the two values should be completely uncorrelated. They may be large, small or zero - completely independent of each other. Now somewhere in between, there must be a typical length scale on which the deviations from the mean stop being similar. That is the correlation length. It gives you some information on how large these "hills" and "valleys" on your sample typically are.
 Needless to say, you can apply the same principle to other quantities as well, with applications ranging from surface roughness to the optical coherence of light fields.
 4. Thanks your reply,
 If correlation length is short it means surface fluctuation is strong, so rough surface, otherwise fluctuation is week, so flat surface. Is my understanding correct?
 5. Cthugha
 Cthugha 1,715
 Science Advisor
 In practice, rough surfaces usually have short correlation lengths, while smooth surfaces have a long coherence length. However, that is only a rule of thumb and not necessarily always true. For a detailed analysis one typically also takes the RMS of the surface height into account. This is more or less just the standard deviation of your measured thicknesses. This quantity gives you the amount of roughness you have and the correlation length gives you the typical length scale over which it decays.
 However, as you said, in most real cases short correlation length indeed also means strong fluctuations.
 6. Think of a sine modulated surface. The amplitude of the sine gives you the roughness, and the spatial frequency the correlation length.
 In practice you will have the superposition of many sine waves...
 7. Claude Bile
 Claude Bile 1,479
 Science Advisor
 Correlation in this context means "given the height of point A, how well do I know the height of point B?".
 Given the height at A, the correlation length is the maximum distance B is from A, that yields a reasonable* estimate of the height at B.
 *definition of reasonable may vary.
 Correlation length is linked to the power spectrum of the surface noise. Shorter correlation length means higher spatial frequencies dominate (steeper hills etc).
 Correlation length is distinct from the amplitude (amount) of surface roughness.
Have something to add?
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text: Portable analytical devices based on a gamut of technologies (Infrared, Raman, X-Ray Fluorescence, Mass Spectrometry, etc.) are now widely available. These tools have seen increasing adoption for field-based assessment by diverse users including military, emergency response, and law enforcement. Frequently, end-users of portable devices are non-scientists who rely on embedded software and the associated algorithms to convert collected data into actionable information. Two classes of problems commonly encountered in field applications are identification and screening. Identification algorithms are designed to scour a library of known materials and determine whether the unknown measurement is consistent with a stored response (or combination of stored responses). Such algorithms can be used to identify a material from many thousands of possible candidates. Screening algorithms evaluate whether at least a subset of features in an unknown measurement correspond to one or more specific substances of interest and are typically configured to detect from a small list potential target analytes. Thus, screening algorithms are much less broadly applicable than identification algorithms; however, they typically provide higher detection rates which makes them attractive for specific applications such as chemical warfare agent or narcotics detection. This paper will present an overview and performance characterization of a combined identification/screening algorithm that has recently been developed. It will be shown that the combined algorithm provides enhanced detection capability more typical of screening algorithms while maintaining a broad identification capability. Additionally, we will highlight how this approach can enable users to incorporate situational awareness during a response.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Dr. Srinivasa Reddy, an alumnus, of University of Hyderabad with more than 20 years of research experience in the synthesis of natural products/medicinal chemistry/drug discovery has been appointed as the Director of the CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology. Dr. Reddy is best known for his application oriented organic synthesis towards human wellbeing. He is also known for the application of "Silicon-switch approach" in medicinal chemistry. In addition, the work carried out by his group on crop protection is worth highlighting. He is an author of ~120 publications and an inventor in ~35 patents.
Dr. Reddy completed his B.Sc and M.Sc from Osmania University before completing his PhD in Synthetic Organic Chemistry from the University of Hyderabad under the supervision of Professor Goverdhan Mehta in 2000.
Dr. Reddy received the Award for Excellence in Drug Research of the Central Drug Research Institute in 2013 and the Scientist of the Year Award of the National Chemical Laboratory the same year. He received three awards in 2015, starting with the NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Award, followed by the Bronze Medal of the Chemical Research Society of India. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, one of the highest Indian science awards, also in 2015.
Dr. Reddy did his post-doctoral work at the laboratories of Sergey A. Kozmin of the University of Chicago and Jeffrey Aubé of University of Kansas during 2001–03. He started his career in 2003 as a principal scientist at Dr. Reddy's Laboratories and became a research investigator in 2006 but a year later, he moved to Advinus Therapeutics as the group leader of their Discovery Chemistry research wing. In 2010, he was promoted as the section head; soon after, he left for National Chemical Laboratory. He has been serving as the Director, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Jammu with the additional charge as Director of CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Green Cheeked Conures can be outgoing and funny, but they can also be a little shyer than other parrots. These birds love to play and will appreciate the toy's good rotation and a spacious cage to run around in.
Here we will learn about Green Cheeked Conure parrots
Detailed information about the Green Cheeked Conure
- Color: green, black, red
- Length: 26cm
- Weight: 60 – 80g
- Lifespan: 20 – 30 years
- Maturity: 2 years old
The Green Cheeked Parrot is a favorite among novice birders because of its relatively low price, small stature, peaceful disposition, and relatively low noise levels, at least compared to its older cousins. its older cousin. Blue-cheeked parrots breed fairly easily and are therefore very readily available.
Blue-cheeked parrots are one of the smallest parrots and are often confused with the chestnut-bellied parrot (Pyrrhura frontalis), a close relative. These birds are so similar in appearance that they are often incorrectly identified by pet stores or even by their owners. They are about the same size, about 10 inches long, and both are mostly blue.
Blue-cheeked parrots are slightly lighter in color than chestnut-brown parrots and have a gray stripe on the chest, fading to a reddish belly. The chestnut belly has a yellow stripe on the chest and the distinct heart-shaped chestnut silhouettes the belly – hence the name. Both have dark gray beaks and feet. They are most easily confused when they are young, before their full color appears after the first molt.
(Price for parrots 4 months, tamed and parrots are learning to feed themselves. Price may change from time to time)
Parrots have been vaccinated free of charge for the following diseases:
– Colds, intestinal diseases – Monthly (VND 200,000/time)
– Profit book – Every 3 months (100,000 VND/time)
– Coccidiosis (Digestive of blood) – Every 3 months (VND 100,000/time)
– NewCastle (Cholera) – Every 4 months, birds stay at Pet Me 3 days (500,000 VND)
– Lung fungus – Monthly (VND 100,000/time)
– Asthma / Typhoid / Blood clots – Monthly (VND 100,000/time)
*** With the advice of Dr. Nguyen Nhu Pho – Lecturer at Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City.
Pet Me Shop specializes in buying and selling all kinds of Green Cheeked parrots nationwide. Make sure the parrot is beautiful and has a health certificate for quarantine.
For further information, please contact:
Hotline: _PHONE_ – 0916 399 299 (Mr. Tài)
Address showroom: Pet Me Coffee – No. 21, Street 6, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc City.


How To Scatter Ashes
While you can choose to scatter cremated remains however you like, there are a few traditional ways that might appeal to you or inspire you.
Casting Ashes Or Scattering Ashes
Casting or scattering ashes is what most people think of when they think of scattering: throwing the ashes into the wind. Casting ashes can be done in nearly any location.
If you're considering casting or scattering ashes, be aware that cremated remains are much heavier than what most people think of as "ashes." This means that, while some of the remains may float away in the air, some of the remains may simply fall to the ground. Because some of the remains will become airborne, it's a good idea to have any guests stand upwind, so they don't accidentally get in the ashes' path.
At a casting or scattering, one person can be responsible for scattering the ashes, or everyone present can have a portion of ashes that they scatter.
Trenching Ashes
When ashes are "trenched," a small trench (a long, narrow hole) is dug in the ground, and the ashes are placed in the hole. The trench can then be covered with soil. You can also place the cremated remains in a biodegradable urn and place the urn in the trench. If you'd like, you can mark the place with natural elements (such as plantings or special stones), a small statue, or other objects.
Trenching can also take place on a beach. You can dig a shallow trench in the sand near the water's edge and fill the trench with the cremated remains. You can leave the ashes uncovered in the trench, or you can cover them with sand. As the tide comes in, the ashes will be swept out to sea. If you're thinking about trenching ashes on the beach, you might want to check the tidal schedule to make sure that you're at the beach when the tide is coming in. (If the tide is going out, the water will not come up to reach the trench.)
Raking Ashes
Raking ashes is the process of scattering ashes in a garden or in the soil and then using a rake (such as a garden rake) to incorporate the cremated remains into the earth. Raking can be done in a garden at your home, at a meaningful spot or on a meaningful piece of land, or in another location.
At a raking, one person can be responsible for raking the ashes, or everyone present can take turns raking the ashes into the soil.
If you're thinking about raking ashes in a public place, such as in a park, make sure that you have the legal right to do so in that place.
Scattering Over Water
Ashes can be scattered over water in a number of ways. You can scatter ashes over a river, a lake, a pond, or the ocean. If you'll be scattering the ashes over a large body of water, you might want to take a boat out onto the water and scatter the ashes from the boat. If you don't own a boat or have access to a boat, there are many companies that can either rent you a boat or can scatter the ashes over water on your behalf.
You can scatter the ashes over water as you would when casting or scattering ashes over land, by simply tossing the ashes over the water. If you're thinking about doing this, be aware of the direction of the wind; make sure that the wind is blowing away from the boat and anyone on the boat.
You can also scatter ashes over water using a water-soluble "scattering urn." With a water-soluble scattering urn, the cremated remains are placed in the urn and then the urn is dropped in the water, where it will dissolve, leaving the ashes in the water.
Funeral Planning


text:
Date(s) - 11/09/2021
10:30 am - 1:00 pm
Organised by Wapley Bushes Conservation Group for Abbotswood Action Group – everybody welcome!
Starting from Abbotswood at 10.30 am, returning about 1.00 pm.
A guided walk from Abbotswood to Wapley and back, looking at Fruit and History, Pollinators and the Future
- Find out what was here before the estates were built, and learn about the importance of "home orchards" to local people.
- Learn about the role of pollinators and the importance of encouraging small mammals.
- Find out what the Orchard for the Future project at Wapley Common is doing to encourage them.
- Discover why the railway was a key route to South Wales, its role in wartime and how it created an important wildlife corridor.


API for PHP and Python
 |
API for .NET
The following applies to versions MikroBILL 2.0.6 and newer.
To create extensions in PHP you will need to include the apicore.php
file (you can find it in the Apache WEB documents folder in the kassa subfolder).
Full class descriptions available here.
Python version of the class here.
1. Example in PHP for connecting to the MikroBILL server.
You can copy the apicore.php file to another WEB server where there is no MikroBILL cash register, then when creating an instance of the MikroBILL_API class, you need to add 2 more arguments:
You can take the $CRYPTO_KEY_1 variable from the config.php file, which is located in the root of WEB server MikroBILL, and the variable $CRYPTO_KEY_2 from the MikroBILL database from the 'workparams' table.
Please note that the values of these variables are unique and will be changed if MikroBILL is reinstalled!
2. Command format.
Commands are called along their path. The path separator is the dot character. The path corresponds to the classes in their hierarchy, a description of the classes is available here.
As you can see, the command for receiving or searching for users is located directly in the API class, which means the call will look like this:
The result will be JSON like:
The return field contains an array of user IDs. Field code = 0 indicates no errors. Any other number signals a problem, then the return will contain a description.
To access user property, you must specify the user ID in the command path:
Result:
Another example. Let's set a new IP for the user. To do this, you must first obtain all user accounts:
The result will be an array of account GUIDs:
Now let's go to the required account to get the "IP" property.
Result:
To set the value, you need to add a second argument to the Process function:
If a function requires several input arguments, then they must be passed as an array.
We remind you that a description of the input arguments can be found in the class descriptions here.
If the operation was successful, you will receive a message like:
3. Batch Commands.
You can request several values in one command (starting from MikroBILL 2.0.9), for this you need to pass an array as the second argument to the Process function.
In the array, you need to list the arguments so that the initial path in the Process function + element name of the array forms a complete path.
The result will be JSON like:
In order to set several parameters at the same time, you need to add an associated value to each argument in the array.
The result will be JSON like:
It is also possible to read parameters and set them in one command.
The result will be JSON like:
You can use arrays with any nesting depth.
For example, here:
And here:
In both cases the path is called:


Dutch auction
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A 1957 Dutch auction in Germany to sell fruits
A Dutch auction is a type of auction in which the auctioneer begins with a high asking price which is lowered until some participant is willing to accept the auctioneer's price, or a predetermined reserve price (the seller's minimum acceptable price) is reached. The winning participant pays the last announced price. This is also known as a clock auction or an open-outcry descending-price auction.
This type of auction is convenient when it is important to auction goods quickly, since a sale never requires more than one bid. Theoretically, the bidding strategy and results of this auction are equivalent to those in a sealed first-price auction.
Auction process[edit]
In a Dutch auction, the item being sold is initially offered at a very high price, well in excess of the amount the seller expects to receive. Bids are not sealed, as they are in some types of auctions. The price is lowered in decrements until a bidder accepts the current price. That bidder wins the auction and pays that price for the item. For example, suppose a business is auctioning off a used company car. The bidding may start at $15,000. The bidders will wait as the price is successively reduced to $14,000, $13,000, $12,000, $11,000 and $10,000. When the price reaches $10,000, Bidder A decides to accept that price and, because he is the first bidder to do so, wins the auction and has to pay $10,000 for the car.
Dutch auctions are a competitive alternative to a traditional auction, in which bids of increasing value are made until a final selling price is reached, because due to ever-decreasing bids buyers must act decisively to name their price or risk losing to a lower offer. [1]
A second price auction[edit]
There is some confusion over terminology. Some financial commentators and some third-party auction sites use the term Dutch auction to refer to second-price auctions, which are different from Dutch auctions.
In a second price auction, the seller offers more than one identical item for sale, so that there may be more than one winning bidder. Each bidder can bid for all the items or only some of them, and publicly indicates the price that he/she is willing to pay for each item. However, all winning bidders need to pay only the lowest qualifying (successful) bid. If there are more successful bids than items available, priority goes to the bidders who submitted their bids first.
In order to beat a competing bidder, one must bid a higher price per item than that competitor, regardless of the number of items that are being bid for. Here is an example of how this might work:
The seller auctions 5 identical items.
 1. Bidder "High" bids for 4 items at $21 each.
 2. Bidder "Mid" bids for 2 items at $20 each.
 3. Bidder "Low" bids for 3 items at $18 each.
The outcome of this auction would be:
 1. Bidder "High" wins all the items they sought (qty 4), at $20 each.
 2. Bidder "Mid" wins 1 of the 2 items they sought (because no more remain), also at $20 each.
The price is $20 because that was the lowest successful bid (hence the second price). Since Bidder "Mid" was only awarded 1 item, and his original bid was for 2 items, he has the right to refuse the purchase of that partial amount. As a winning bidder, you have the right to refuse paying only if you are awarded less than the number of the items you were bidding on. If this were a Dutch Auction, the first bid made wins the item, regardless of value.
Public offerings[edit]
The United States Department of the Treasury, through the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (FRBNY), raises funds for the U.S. Government using a Dutch auction.[citation needed] The FRBNY interacts with primary dealers, including large banks and broker-dealers who submit bids on behalf of themselves and their clients using the Trading Room Automated Processing System (TRAPS), and are generally told of winning bids within fifteen minutes.
For example, suppose the sponsor of the issuance is seeking to raise $10 billion in ten-year notes with a 5.125% coupon and in aggregate the bids are as follows:
 - $1.00 billion at 5.115% (highest bid)
 - $2.50 billion at 5.120%
 - $3.50 billion at 5.125%
 - $4.50 billion at 5.130%
 - $3.75 billion at 5.135%
 - $2.75 billion at 5.140%
 - $1.50 billion at 5.145% (lowest bid)
In this example the % at high is 66.66%, meaning only $3 billion of the $4.5 billion at 5.130% will get bonds. Bids will be filled from the lowest yield (highest price) until the entire $10 billion has been raised. This auction will clear at a yield of 5.130%, and all bidders will pay the same amount. In theory, this feature of the Dutch auction format leads to more aggressive bidding as those who in this case bid 5.115% will receive the bonds at the higher yield (lower price) of 5.130%.
A variation on the Dutch auction, OpenIPO, was developed by WR Hambrecht and has been used for 19 IPOs in the US. Auctions have been used for hundreds of IPOs in more than two dozen countries, but have not been popular with issuers and thus were replaced by other methods. One of the largest uniform price or "Dutch" auction IPOs was for Singapore Telecom in 1994. The 1994 auction IPO of Japan Tobacco was substantially larger (with proceeds more than double those of Singapore Telecom and triple those of Google), but this auction was discriminatory or pay-what-you-bid, not uniform price or "Dutch". SRECTrade.com uses a two-sided Dutch auction to trade Solar Renewable Energy Credits (SRECs).
Dutch auction share repurchases[edit]
The introduction of the Dutch auction share repurchase in 1981 allows firms an alternative to the fixed price tender offer when executing a tender offer share repurchase. The first firm to utilize the Dutch auction was Todd Shipyards. A Dutch auction offer specifies a price range within which the shares will ultimately be purchased. Shareholders are invited to tender their stock, if they desire, at any price within the stated range. The firm then compiles these responses, creating a supply curve for the stock.[2] The purchase price is the lowest price that allows the firm to buy the number of shares sought in the offer, and the firm pays that price to all investors who tendered at or below that price. If the number of shares tendered exceeds the number sought, then the company purchases less than all shares tendered at or below the purchase price on a pro rata basis to all who tendered at or below the purchase price. If too few shares are tendered, then the firm either cancels the offer (provided it had been made conditional on a minimum acceptance), or it buys back all tendered shares at the maximum price.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ _URL_
 2. ^ To understand the Dutch auction bidding and outcome from actual shareholder tendering responses, see Bagwell, Laurie Simon, "Dutch Auction Repurchases: An Analysis of Shareholder Heterogeneity,". 1992. Journal of Finance, Vol. 47, No. 1, 71–105.


text:
- Recommended for ages 8 and up
- Includes: 1 Game Grid, 60 Challenge Cards, 9 Towers, 1 Target Piece, and 3 Marbles
Requires 3 AA and 3 AAA batteries (not included)
Keep your child entertained and challenged with the Gravity Maze Game. Designed for both beginners and experts, this logic puzzle game can grow with your child as their skills improve. The Gravity Maze is a combination of a marble run and logic puzzle with over 60 challenges ranging in difficulty to help your child develop spatial reasoning and planning skills.


Lesson 15-- Updating Prices
This lesson explains how to keep your estimating and inventory prices up-to-date in Goldenseal construction estimating software.
When to Update Prices
Update prices when you have spare time, when prices change dramatically, or when you need to include something brand new in an Estimate or Sale.
Inflation Adjustments
If you are using prices that are not current, you can add a quick inflation adjustment to your estimates. To do so, follow these steps:
 1. Open an estimate with a item breakdown.
 2. Click in the bottom row, and hit the Return key to add a new row.
 3. Click in the Cost Area cell, and enter Percent of Hard, Percent of Labor or Percent of Materials.
 4. Click in the Cost Item cell, and label the item "inflation" or something similar.
 5. Click in the Quantity cell, and type in a percentage adjustment.
Updating Labor Prices
Most Assemblies include some labor components. When wage rates, employer tax rates or payroll insurance rates change, follow these steps:
 1. Choose Cost Items from the Costs menu.
 2. Locate items that have Labor for a cost area. HINT: You can use the Find command to quickly locate all labor items.
 3. Calculate the net cost of this type of labor.
 4. Enter the new rate into the Purchase Price field.
 5. Hit the Enter key to close the transaction. Goldenseal will automatically update all Assemblies that use this labor rate.
 6. Repeat steps 3 to 5 for each labor cost that has changed.
NOTE: When you change labor prices, Goldenseal will not update estimates that you have already started. If you want to use current prices in an existing estimate, open it and click the Update Prices button.
Net Cost of Labor
When you calculate labor costs, start with an "average" wage rate for an employee or subcontractor who does that type of work. You can use local "prevailing wage" figures, or take an average of your employee wage rates for a particular type of work, or estimate the average wage rate with some other method.
The net cost of labor is the wage rate plus any employer costs that are based on payroll (sometimes known as "burden"). You can calculate that from the actual taxes, insurance and benefits that you pay.
For example, in the US you might use the following calculation:
 1. Start with the average wage rate-- say $10.00 per hour.
 2. Add paid holidays-- 6 days / 180 days worked, or.33
 3. Add paid vacations-- 10 days / 180 days worked, or.56
 4. Add the three numbers above to get the net wage per hour actually worked-- $10.89
Once you have a net wage, add employer taxes and employer benefit expenses to get the total cost of labor. For example:
 1. Add the employer portion of FICA-- currently 7.65%, or $.83
 2. Add state unemployment tax (SUTA)-- 3%, or $.33
 3. Add federal unemployment tax (FUTA)--.8%, or $.09
 4. Add worker's comp-- 12%, or $1.31
 5. Add disability insurance-- 1/2%, or.$05
 6. Add health insurance-- $350 per month / 150 hours worked per month, or $2.33
 7. Net cost of labor is the net wage plus 'burden' = $15.83
HINT: Your rates will probably be different for SUTA, worker's comp and disability insurance. Tax rates may change with time. Your location may have other employer taxes, and you may need to include other benefits.
You can also include overhead costs per labor hour, to cover supervision or payroll labor. Or you can leave them out of the labor rate and cover those overhead costs via markup or some other method.
HINT: Set up a spreadsheet with your calculations. That way you can check your figures more easily, and it will be less trouble to do the computation again, the next time taxes or wage rates change.
Updating Material Prices
You can update material costs automatically by entering Material Purchases for the materials you buy, and using an Item breakdown for them. Goldenseal will update the price of the listed materials, and also use the figures for accounts payable, inventory tracking and time and materials billing.
You can also enter price quotes, whether you use the full Goldenseal or just the estimating version. To do so, first set up material accounts, as follows:
 1. Choose Material Suppliers from the Accounts menu.
 2. Click the New button.
 3. Enter details for one of your material suppliers.
 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each supplier who gives you price quotes.
Next, enter prices from each supplier, as follows:
 1. Choose Material Purchases from the Costs menu.
 2. Click the New button.
 3. Enter Pricing Only into the Status field on the left side of the window.
 4. Enter Items into the Breakdown field on the left side of the window.
 5. Enter the supplier who is giving you the price quote.
 6. Click in the first row of the breakdown table, and enter prices for one item.
 7. Hit the Return key, and enter additional prices.
NOTE: When you change material prices, Goldenseal will not update estimates that you have already started. If you want to use current prices in an existing estimate, open it and click the Update Prices button.
Updating Cost Items
To set the way a Cost Item updates, follow these steps:
 1. Choose Cost Items from the Costs menu.
 2. Find the desired Cost Item.
 3. Enter a method into the Pricing Method field. You can use the most recent price, or an average price. You can also type a price in directly, and not use purchases at all.
Calibrating Unit Prices
If your business depends on cost estimates, then you probably want them to be accurate. Here are some ways you can make that happen, both when you first start out with Goldenseal, and as you use the program over the years.
Trial Estimates
If you've never used Goldenseal before, start out by making a 'trial' estimate on a project that you've completed that has accurate job cost data. If you don't have good job cost data for any projects, you might want to pick one or two of them, and enter expenses for them into Goldenseal so you know what the actual costs were.
When you make a trial estimate, the goal is to get it to hit actual costs 'on the nose'. You can do that be adjusting unit costs, or by figuring a 'fudge factor' that you enter as a quick adjustment percentage.
You may even want to make several trial estimates. It's a good way to get familiar with Goldenseal, and also get familiar with the unit costs.
If you haven't completed any projects or don't have accurate job cost data, you can still calibrate prices by comparing a Goldenseal estimate with an estimate that you prepare by hand. Use whatever method you've used for past estimates, and take extra time to make sure it is complete and accurate, so Goldenseal will start out more accurate too.
Job Cost Feedback
It's a very good idea to track expenses on all of your projects, so you can see how accurate each estimate turns out to be. The Job Costs command compare 'estimated versus actual', so it is easy to get that feedback.
When each project is complete, take a look at each general cost category, and check how actual costs compared to the original estimate.
For those categories that are significantly off, it's a good idea to double-check the actual expense records, to make sure there wasn't a mistake. If the data is good, then adjust the Cost Items and Assemblies that you used for the project so they are closer to the correct amount.
Individual projects sometimes have 'quirks', so it's a good idea to track costs on every project you do. That way over time you can perfect your costs and get very accurate estimates. Turtle Creek Construction was able to consistently bid within 2% of actual costs after we computerized, and many users of our software have reported similar accuracy. Bidding is more fun when it's not a gamble!
Changing Assemblies
If an assembly is not giving you accurate estimates, you can adjust it in several different ways:
 - If the overall quantity is off, change the Suggested Quantity for the item, or change the way the dimension is calculated.
 - If material costs are off, change the waste factor for some components, change the quantities of the material components, or change the specific components that are included in the Assembly.
 - If labor costs are off, change the number of person-hours.
 - If you are using an Assembly to estimate work done by a subcontractor, you can adjust either the labor components, the material components, or both. You don't need to know exact details of what the subcontractor uses-- just get the cost of the 'trial estimate' to match what the subcontractor actually charged you.
Adding Assemblies
Sometimes an estimate is off because you didn't include the correct items in the original estimate. The best way to fix that is to set up templates for your most common types of work (see Lesson 24).
As you finish each project


Learn How To Host A Rust Server On Linux in 5 Easy Steps
If you're a fan of the game Rust and want to host your own server, you're in the right place. Hosting your own server can give you more control over the game's settings and provide a more personalized experience for you and your friends. In this guide, we'll show you how to host a Rust server on Linux in 5 easy steps.
Before we dive into the steps, there are a few things you'll need to get started. You'll need access to a Linux server with root privileges and basic knowledge of Linux commands. Don't worry if you're not a Linux expert – we'll guide you through the process. Additionally, you'll need to download and install Rust Dedicated Server software and a few other dependencies.
In this tutorial, we'll cover everything from setting up your Linux server to launching and testing your Rust server. By the end of this guide, you'll have your very own Rust server up and running. So, let's get started!
Ready to learn how to host your own Rust server on Linux? Follow these five easy steps to get started and impress your friends with your very own Rust server!
Step 1: Setting Up Your Linux Server
Before you can host your own Rust server on Linux, you'll need to have a Linux server up and running. The first step is to select a hosting provider that supports Linux, such as DigitalOcean or Linode. Once you've signed up, log in to your account and create a new Linux droplet. You'll be asked to choose your preferred Linux distribution, such as Ubuntu or CentOS.
Once your Linux droplet is up and running, you'll need to set up some basic security measures. This includes creating a new user account with sudo privileges and disabling root login. You should also install a firewall, such as UFW, to protect your server from unauthorized access.
Next, you'll need to install an SSH client on your local machine. This will allow you to connect to your Linux server from your own computer. You can use OpenSSH, which is pre-installed on most Linux distributions, or download a separate SSH client like PuTTY.
Finally, you'll want to configure your Linux server to automatically update and reboot on a regular basis. This will ensure that your server is always running smoothly and that any security vulnerabilities are promptly addressed. You can use tools like unattended-upgrades and cron to automate these tasks.
Choosing a Linux Distribution
 1. Consider the needs of your server: There are various Linux distributions to choose from, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Consider your specific requirements, such as the amount of RAM and disk space needed, as well as the technical expertise required to operate the server.
 2. Popular Linux distributions for hosting: Some popular distributions for hosting include Ubuntu, CentOS, and Debian. Ubuntu is user-friendly and great for beginners, while CentOS is known for its stability and security. Debian is lightweight and customizable, making it a good choice for advanced users.
 3. Compatibility with Rust Server: Rust Server is compatible with most Linux distributions, but it's always a good idea to check the system requirements before making a final decision. Make sure your chosen distribution is compatible with the Rust Server version you plan to install.
Ultimately, the best Linux distribution for hosting a Rust Server depends on your specific needs and preferences. Do your research and choose a distribution that offers the right balance of performance, stability, and user-friendliness. Once you've made your choice, you can move on to the next step: Installing Rust Server Dependencies.
Setting up SSH Access
Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol that allows secure communication between two untrusted hosts. It is an essential tool for remotely accessing your Linux server. To set up SSH access:
 - Generate SSH Keys: First, you need to generate SSH keys on your local computer. This will allow you to securely connect to your Linux server without needing to enter a password each time.
 - Copy the Public Key to Your Linux Server: After generating the keys, copy the public key to your Linux server. This will enable your computer to connect to the server.
 - Configure SSH on Your Server: Once you have copied the public key to your server, you need to configure SSH to allow key-based authentication.
Setting up SSH access is an essential step in the process of hosting a Rust server on Linux. Once you have established a secure connection with your server, you can proceed with the remaining steps to install, configure and launch the Rust server.
Step 2: Installing Rust Server Dependencies
Dependencies are an essential part of any software installation process. To ensure the Rust server runs smoothly, you need to install the necessary dependencies on your Linux server.
Update your Linux system packages before you start installing Rust dependencies. The latest package updates contain bug fixes, security patches and software enhancements that improve the overall performance of your server.
Install the required Rust dependencies by executing a single command in your terminal. You can download and install the required libraries for Rust from your Linux package manager, or you can compile them from source.
Configure your Firewall to allow incoming connections to your Rust server. Configure your Linux server's firewall to allow incoming connections to the default Rust server port 28015.
Verify Rust Server Dependencies by running a simple test to check that all the necessary dependencies are installed and configured correctly. This test will also ensure that the Rust server can communicate with the outside world without any issues.
Updating Your Server
If you're working with a new installation of Linux, it's essential to update your system before installing any new packages. This step ensures that your server has the latest security patches and bug fixes. The update process is different for each Linux distribution, but generally, it involves using the package manager to update the software repositories and install the latest updates. Updating your server should be the first thing you do before installing any packages.
Once you've updated your system, it's time to install the dependencies needed to run the Rust server. The Rust server requires several packages to run correctly, such as GCC, G++, and OpenSSL. These packages must be installed on your server before installing the Rust server. Installing dependencies ensures that the Rust server runs correctly.
It's worth noting that the Rust server requires a 64-bit version of Linux to run correctly. Before installing any dependencies, ensure that you're working with a 64-bit version of Linux. Working with a 64-bit version is a requirement for running the Rust server.
It's also essential to check if your server has enough resources to run the Rust server. The Rust server is a resource-intensive application that requires a minimum of 6GB of RAM and 4 CPU cores. Checking server resources before installing the Rust server ensures that your server can handle the load and run smoothly.
Once you've updated your server, installed the dependencies, and ensured your server has enough resources to run the Rust server, you're ready to move on to the next step, downloading and installing the Rust server.
Installing Required Dependencies
Before you can start using our software, you need to make sure that all the required dependencies are installed. Here are the three dependencies you need to install:
 - Node.js – This is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine. It allows you to run JavaScript code outside of a web browser.
 - npm – This is the package manager for Node.js. It allows you to easily install, update, and manage dependencies for your Node.js projects.
 - MySQL – This is an open-source relational database management system. It allows you to store, organize, and retrieve data in a structured manner.
Node.js and npm are usually installed together. To install them, you can download the installer from the official Node.js website, and follow the instructions. Alternatively, you can use a package manager to install Node.js and npm. If you're using a Linux distribution, you can use your package manager to install them. For example, on Ubuntu, you can run the following command:
sudo apt-get install nodejs npm
For MySQL, you can download the installer from the official website, and follow the instructions. Alternatively, you can use a package manager to install MySQL. If you're using a Linux distribution, you can use your package manager to install it. For example, on Ubuntu, you can run the following command:
Operating SystemCommandPackage Manager
Ubuntusudo apt-get install mysql-serverapt
Fedorasudo dnf install mysql-serverdnf
CentOSsudo yum install mysql-serveryum
macOSbrew install mysqlHomebrew
Once you have installed all the required dependencies, you're ready to start using our software. If you have any issues with the installation process, please consult the documentation or seek help from the community.
Step 3: Downloading and Installing the Rust Server
Now that we have set up our server, it's time to download and install the Rust server software. First, we need to ensure that we are logged in as the user


text: Large eddy simulations are carried out to predict the flow noise produced in the solenoid valve of an antilock braking system (ABS) using Lighthill's acoustic analogy and the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW–H) surface integral method. The fluid inside the valve is assumed to be incompressible at a fixed temperature. The solenoid valve operation is realized by applying an overset grid methodology to the moving plunger, and the plunger has a linear motion in the axial direction. Several types of solenoid valves are numerically designed to maximally reduce the flow noise. The upstream flow is detached through a small opening between the plunger and the seat, which generates pressure fluctuation around the narrow gap, which is subject to high wall pressure fluctuations and shear stresses. Large eddy simulations are performed by varying the position of the flow separation. An optimal design of the valve is obtained, featuring a small radius of surface curvature, a smooth surface, and a large plunger tip area angle. Measurements are obtained from the optimal design to validate the design in a real vehicle performance test, and the predicted pressure frequency in the solenoid valve agreed well with the experimental results.


text:
Date: 9 Nov 2019, Entry id: _PHONE_-1
Q: Hope there is help for my beautiful amazing papaya tree! There where a loooooooot of fruits on it, but it broke! First of all, it was leaning and friends tried to straight my beautiful tree. What can I do? Will it get fruits again?
A: A couple months ago we also had a Papaya tree loaded with
fruit that fell down (see photos). It was heart-breaking. We secured it and it
continued growing for a couple of weeks but unfortunately, at the end the tree
still died, leaving us a million fruit.
The Papaya tree has a very sensitive root system and is hard to
re-establish once the roots are damaged.
However, if it just has a broken top, it has a good chance to grow back from the side shoots.
Of course, remove all the fruit so they don't take energy from the recovering tree.
When a tree is loaded with fruit, it is important to provide support for heavy branches and for the trunk if needed. Always support the fruiting tree to prevent from possible falling BEFORE it starts leaning down and may become broken by even a light wind.
In the photo, you can see how we fixed boards around, but it was already after the tree fell. Unfortunately, it was too late since the roots got damaged. Always need to stake the tree up before the branches get too heavy!
Only local pick up from our
Hurry up, while supply lasts!


text:
|Out of universe information|
The Mastadge was a beast of burden found on Abydos. They are large, hairy quadrupeds with a long neck, larger than a horse, with a considerably keen sense of smell. Though the origins of the Mastadge are unclear, these creatures may be related to Terran horses who adapted in the harsh heat of day and cold of night in the Abydos desert. They were apparently well suited to living on the harsh desert climate, and also appeared to be able to breath during sandstorms.
The Mastadge has been domesticated for the Abydonians and, among being used for food and clothing, aided in labor during the thousands of years the population was oppressed by Ra. It is capable of galloping at great speeds. (Stargate)


LVM, TLC NAND and the power of 2 problem
Now when you just create a few partitions and ensure they are aligned, this is not going to be an issue. However, if you use LVM and intend to create and delete a lot of logical volumes over time, you'd want them to be aligned on the erase block. With current versions of LVM, you can't do that for TLC NAND drives. LVM requires a physical extent size that is a power of 2 – and there is no number that is both a power of 2 and dividable by 1.5.
There are two workarounds that I have found:
 - Create a VG with 512kb physical extents and always make sure that you use lvcreate with an extent count that is a multiple of 3
 - Create a VG with 1MB physical extents and always make sure that your newly created volumes are multiples of 3MB
However, neither of these workarounds allow for the "set it and forget it" benefits of LVM, because they cannot be enforced – if you forget to keep this in mind or make a math error, your alignment will be off. You also can't rely on other tools to create volumes for you because they may not allow for such granularity in choosing sizes.
This is ultimately a limitation of LVM that it should overcome, but I have not found any evidence that it can work without its power-of-2 requirement. I need to take this up to the mailinglist, but until that time, here's a quick script that will verify the alignment of logical volumes in a volume group:
The output will look something like this:
In the example above, there are a number of extents that were deliberately misaligned as they were not divisible by 3.
To find out which logical volume the misaligned extents belong to, you can use lvdisplay -m and search the output for the extent number.
Leave a Reply
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From BitcoinWiki
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Units of Bitcoin
Units of Bitcoin most commonly are expressed in decimal exponents such as BTC ("bitcoins"), mBTC ("millibitcoins") and μBTC ("bits").
Bitcoin Explained Episode 8: Units of Bitcoin
Decimal metric units[edit]
The BTC unit was chosen to represent a value of 108 so as to give sub-unit precision rather than large whole numbers. Mirroring the standard Le Système International d'Unités, this allows for divisions of 1/10th (deci-bitcoins, dBTC), 1/100th (centi-bitcoins, cBTC), 1/1 000th (milli-bitcoins, mBTC), and 1/1 000 000 (micro-bitcoins, μBTC).
The term "bit" is a popular new unit being used to represent smaller Bitcoin amounts. Due to the rising value of 1 bitcoin (currently 1 BTC = $450 USD), many prices must be displayed in fractional bitcoin amounts. For example, a bottle of beer might be priced at.0085 BTC. These fractional numeric values can be confusing and difficult for many people to read. The bit sub-unit (equal to 0.000001 BTC) is considered by many to be a more memorable and intuitive way of displaying Bitcoin amounts; the aforementioned beer would cost 8500 bits.
Originally proposed on Bitcoin the sub-reddit, and now being embraced by the payment processor Bitpay, the bit sub-unit offers the following advantages:
 - More compatible with existing financial software that can only handle 2 decimal places. For example: using a figures like 49.99 bits instead of.00004999 bitcoins.
 - Figures would remain easily readable in the event of an extreme rise in Bitcoin's exchange rate: if 1 Bitcoin was worth $100,000, then a $4.99 beer would cost 49.90 bits.
 - Bit is an easier to remember unit when compared to other longer unit names and acronyms: 100 bits instead of 100 microbitcoins/100 μBTC/1 millibitcoin/1 mBTC).
However, there are some disadvantages to the bits nomenclature:
 - Unit prefix terms such as micro-, milli-, and centiare more familiar to those who use the metric measurement system (i.e. everyone except Americans)[2].
Table of all units[edit]
This table is intended to include all well-defined units of bitcoin value, including less common and niche units.
Unit Abbreviation Decimal (BTC) Alternate names Info
Algorithmic maximum 20,999,_PHONE_ Calculation
tam-bitcoin 2,814,749.76710656 1,0000,0000 tonal
mega-bitcoin MBTC 1,000,000 Rare in context
kilo-bitcoin kBTC 1,000 Rare in context
hecto-bitcoin hBTC 100 Rare[3]
Initial block subsidy 50 Until block 210000
bong-bitcoin ᵇTBC 42.94967296 1,0000 tonal
Current block subsidy 12.5 block As of block 420000
deca-bitcoin daBTC 10 Rare
mill-bitcoin ᵐTBC 2.68435456 1000 tonal
bitcoin BTC 1 coin SI base unit
san-bitcoin ˢTBC 0._PHONE_ 100 tonal
deci-bitcoin dBTC 0.1 Rare
ton-bitcoin ᵗTBC 0.01048576 10 tonal
centi-bitcoin cBTC 0.01 bitcent Formerly frequent Bitcents were frequent until the November 2013 bubble
milli-bitcoin mBTC 0.001 millibit, millie Occasional
bitcoin TBC 0.00065536 Tonal base unit
bitcoin-ton TBCᵗ 0.00004096 0.1 tonal
bitcoin-san TBCˢ 0.00000256 0.01 tonal
micro-bitcoin μBTC 0.000001 bit Frequent
bitcoin-mill TBCᵐ 0.00000016 0.001 tonal
0._PHONE_ finney[4]
bitcoin-bong TBCᵇ 0.00000001 0.0001 tonal
sat 0.00000001 Satoshi Blockchain value
msat 0.00000000001 millisatoshi[5] Payment channel value
External links[edit]
See Also on BitcoinWiki[edit]
 1. Bitcoin units & denominations - BITS TO USD
 2. From How Many Bits Are in a Bitcoin? - 99 Bitcoins
 3. Bitcoin Units & Denominations - Explained Simply - Bitcoin Chaser
 4. After Hal Finney, Bitcoin Pioneer
 5. Receiving and receiving payments


text:
BY LEIAO GEREGA
There was a poor turn-out of pupils at the Butuka Academy pre-school in Port Moresby yesterday.
Head teacher Joseph Paul told the Post-Courier they would be writing to encourage more parents to send their children to school.
"Some parents didn't really have the confidence to send their children to school because they doubted the capacity of the schools to provide safety," Mr Paul said, explaining that they had started well and he would encourage parents to send their kids to school.
Those who turned up yesterday were met at the gate with hand sanitisers, temperature guns and were all given face masks to wear.
Mr Paul said there still seemed to be a lot of uncertainty and fear amongst the students and parents.
"When students came in yesterday you could see they were scared … things didn't feel normal for them," he said. "It's the first time for students and teachers to have to experience things like wearing face masks, thermo guns and gloves and we need more awareness."
A lot of parents interviewed earlier said they were afraid of sending their children to school.
NCD Governor Powes Parkop told teachers on Friday to use this week to gauge views from parents and report to NCDC for the next course of action.
Mr Paul also raised concern with the use of PPE, saying there was confusion amongst teachers and students on the right way to wear a face mask and its disposal.
Last week, the schools received 10,000 face masks and 18 temperature guns from the Chinese government. It also signed an agreement with Paradise Tailoring to sew face masks for its 3000 plus students, most of whom come from the nearby settlement in the Moresby-South electorate. Classes at Butuka Academy follows that of other NCD schools where shift classes are being encouraged.
However pre-school age kids depend very much on group learning and Mr Paul says having to ensure they maintained social distancing from their peers was a challenge. "At first we use to provide lessons in groups, but with Covid-19 we are now ensuring our lessons are applicable for an individual student," he said. Classes at Butuka will end early for its students where pre-schoolers will go home at 12:40 pm, primary at 2pm and secondary at 2:30 pm.


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The quench detection and protection system is a critical element in superconducting magnets. After a short summary of the quench detection and protection issues in HTS magnets, an original detection system is presented. The main feature of this system is an active protection of the detection electronics during the discharges, making it possible to use standard electronics even if the discharge voltage is very high. The design of the detection system is therefore easier and it can be made very sensitive. An implementation example is presented for a twin coil HTS SMES prototype, showing the improvements when compared to classical detection systems during operation.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


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American Pattern Forceps Wisdom are dental surgical instruments with an American-styled jaw design. These forceps are used in veterinary dental tooth extraction surgeries. Available in multiple variations and sizes.These sturdy instruments are used to extract wisdom teeth during dental extraction procedures. They are most commonly used in the tooth extraction procedures of small animals such as feline and canine.
- American pattern
- Ideal for wisdom teeth extraction
- Performance tested


text: With the rise of e-Learning in engineering education, understanding the impact of individual differences on the ways students communicate and collaborate on-line has become increasingly important. The research described here investigates the influence of cognitive style on the interactions within student social networks in an on-line learning environment, with a particular focus on student engagement, patterns of communication, and the self-directed creation of sub-groups (i.e., cliques). The Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI) was used to assess cognitive style, and UCINET software was used to analyze the interactions of two cohorts of Systems Engineering students throughout a series of asynchronous on-line discussion forums across two graduate-level courses. Among the findings, the highly heterogeneous style composition of the cliques formed by the students suggests that e-Learning environments may mask cognitive differences that have been shown to create conflict in face-to-face student interactions. Links between cognitive style, expansiveness, influence, leadership, and students' choices between resident and on-line programs are also discussed.


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Healing the Hand that Feeds you: Exploring Solutions for Dog and Community Health and Welfare in Australian Indigenous Cultures
The overpopulation and poor state of dog health in many rural and remote Australian Indigenous communities (RRAIC) affects not only animal welfare but human social welfare. Dogs are an integral part of Australian Indigenous cultures and impact on human health and welfare through zoonotic diseases, and mental health concerns such as worry and shame about pet health, and sleep deprivation from incessant dog fights. This study investigates the factors that contribute to poor animal and community health and welfare in RRAIC, focusing on four main factors: community awareness of dog health and welfare issues, knowledge of the solutions, motivation to access the solutions, and the accessibility of the solutions. Semi structured interviews with local indigenous and non-indigenous residents in four RRAIC were conducted to explore these factors. This qualitative data was then linked to quantitative dog health and welfare data to compare community and scientific perspectives. The following results were observed: - Knowledge of animal health and welfare issues was high, but restricted to the issues that are empirically evident. There was some to little knowledge of less apparent zoonotic risks. - Knowledge of the solutions was variable depending on the veterinary history of the community. - Motivation to improve dog health and welfare was uniformly high. - Accessibility to the solutions was poor when taking into account the remoteness of the communities, cross-cultural differences, the cost of veterinary services and its low priority in health and governance circles, the frequency and duration of vet visits, and the residents' mobile lifestyle. Improving animal welfare in RRAIC requires a multifaceted approach involving raising more comprehensive public awareness of the major issues and their possible solutions though appropriate community education, as well as improving accessibility of veterinary services at the local level.


Experiment with ad copy
Create an ad copy test
 1. Navigate to an ad group.
 Steps for navigating to an ad group
 1. In the left navigation panel, click All accounts.
 What if the left navigation pane isn't visible?
 2. Click the navigation bar to display navigation options.
 3. In the "Agency" list, click the agency that contains the advertiser. You can search for an agency by name or scroll through the list.
 4. In the "Advertiser" list, click the advertiser that contains the engine account.
 5. In the "Account" list, click the engine account that contains the campaign.
 6. In the "Campaign" list, click the campaign that contains the ad group.
 7. In the "Ad group" list, click the ad group.
 8. Click Apply or press the Enter key.
 Search Ads 360 displays the ad group page.
 2. Click the Ads tab.
 3. Optional. Create new ads with the same device preference, all-device or mobile-preferred, to include in the test.
 4. Above the list of ads, click Create ad copy test, and then click one of the following options:
 The Create ad copy test window lists the total number of ads that are included in the ad copy test.
 If you want to compare a subset of ads in an ad group, create a different ad group that contains only those ads that you want to test.
 5. In the message that tells you that the ad rotation setting will be changed, optionally, choose the ad rotation setting to apply when the ad copy test completes.
 If you want to set up an ad copy test, click Yes, create an ad copy test.
 6. Type a unique name for the test.
 7. Select one of the following goals for the ad group to optimize toward:
 - CTR (Click through rate) - A percentage that shows how often people who see your ad click it.
 - Revenue per visitDisplays the average revenue amount of each transaction that results from each visit.
 - Action rate (converted visits) - Displays the percentage of visits that result in an action, such as a sign-up for a newsletter.
 - Transaction rate (converted visits) - Displays the percentage of visits that result in a transaction such as a purchase.
 - Specific Floodlight activity column with a revenue, action, or transaction metric.
 8. Choose the statistical significance threshold that you want the ad copy test to achieve. The available options range from 85% to 99%. The most common setting is 95%.
 To achieve higher levels of significance such as 95% or 99%, an average of 5000 impressions per ad may be necessary.
 9. Click Start ad copy test.
 The ad copy test starts to collect metrics at 12:00AM, the day after you start the test. That is, if you start the test on April 14th, the test begins to collect metrics at 12AM on April 15th.
 10. Wait a few days and then check the results on the Ad copy tests page. It may take some time for an ad group to achieve the minimum number of impressions.
 - You can use existing ads and create new ads to be included in an ad copy test. If you make changes to an existing ad to test an ad component in the test, all metrics previously associated with the ad are lost. Including an existing ad in an ad copy test doesn't overwrite the previously associated metrics.
 - You shouldn't edit ads that are included in an ad copy test because the test results will be inaccurate.
 To test expanded text ads, the ad group can contain only expanded text ads. The ad group shouldn't contain other ad types. For example, if an ad group contains mobile-preferred ads and expanded text ads, you can't create an ad copy test.
 - Statistical measurement starts immediately and continues until you stop the test.
 - You can run multiple ad copy tests simultaneously.
 - You can't remove ad copy tests. This enables you to view historical data about the tests.
 - Ad copy tests aren't supported for Microsoft Advertising expanded text ads or Yahoo! Gemini ad groups.
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What is Durbin Watson test? How to perform it in python.
Durbin Watson test includes statistics, and it is equal to 2*(1-r), where r is autocorrelation between residual. When test statistic equals 2 no autocorrelation. When closer to 0 evidence of positive correlation, when closer to 4 evidence of negative correlation.
Durbin watson test is defined as:-
import pandas as pd from statsmodels.formula.api import ols from statsmodels.stats.stattools import durbin_watson
df= pd.read_csv('/content/sample_data/california_housing_train.csv') df.head()
Before applying durbin-watson test we have to apply OLS on some column particularly.
model=ols('total_bedrooms ~ housing_median_age + total_bedrooms + households',data=df).fit() print(model.summary())
As we can see the value is closer to 0 it is more evident of positive correlation.


The UMAP Credit Transfer Scheme (UCTS) was developed to simplify the process of transferring credits earned in overseas exchange programs to the students' home universities.
UCTS uses the 60 credit point scale originally developed for the European Credit Transfer Scheme (ECTS). These points can be applied to both trimester-based and semester-based academic years.
The UCTS credit point scale facilitates the conversion of credits between different grading systems. It is not intended to supplant the existing credit point scales (or other measures of student workload) used by the host and home universities, nor is it meant to replace universities' regulations and autonomy in terms of assessing students' learning outcomes.


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MacGregor Campbell, consultant
Here's a freaky twist on a classic illusion.
Thomas Papathomas, a vision researcher at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, has created a new variation on the hollow-mask illusion - where viewers find it difficult to distinguish whether they are seeing a mask's interior or its exterior.
Papathomas's version uses both a hollow mask and a hollow torso, each inverted from the other so that when the head is concave, the torso is convex, and vice-versa. As the torso and head rotate, in the same direction, they appear to rotate oppositely to one another, resulting in the head appearing to twist unnaturally.
Papathomas calls this the "Exorcist Illusion," referring to a famous scene in the 1973 horror movie, The Exorcist, in which a girl possessed by the devil twists her head around a full 360 degrees.
This illusion requires no satanic involvement however. A constantly rotating hollow mask - or torso - appears to rotate in one direction when the exterior is facing the viewer, and the opposite direction when the interior faces the viewer. Since the brain and the torso are inverted from one another, when one appears to rotate clockwise, the other seems to rotate anticlockwise.
Papathomas created this illusion for the Neural Correlate Society's 2012 Illusion of the Year contest.


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When it is important to measure a flow field with PIV close to walls e.g.
some blades of a turbine - it is nearly impossible to avoid bright
reflections of the light sheet in the area of interest. The intensities of
these reflections are much higher than the typical particle signal. In
order to avoid saturation of the CCD the intensity of the reflections
determines the maximum laser energy that can be used for the
recording. To obtain sufficient particle signal it is essential to
minimize the intensity of these reflections.
Fluorescent
Paint
Often it is sufficient to color parts of the experiment in the field of
view with ordinary dull black paint. Since this is not always satisfying
LaVision recommends to use Fluorescent Paint. This paint turns
some amount of the green laser light into red fluorescent light. The
efficiency is typically about 30%. During the PIV recording the green
bandpass filter - delivered with the LaVision FlowMaster system
blocks the red fluorescent light and so less light from the reflection is
imaged to the CCD.
To reduce laser light
reflections in PIV
recordings
Applications : PIV measurements
 in IC engines
 in turbines
 close to boundary layers
Plate with ordinary black
anodization and Fluorescent
Paint on white paint.
Laser light sheet imaged with
CCD camera and green
bandpass filter.
Intensity in a horizontal cut
through the light sheet and a
definite reduction by the
Fluorescent paint.
Formula :
 solve 3g Rhodamine6G C28H31N2O3Cl (alternatively RhodamineB) in
10 ml ethanol
 add 500ml transparent acrylic paint (water soluble!) to achieve
optimum fluorescence
LAVISION GMBH
LAVISION INC.
ANNA-VANDENHOECK-RING 19 / D-37081 GOETTINGEN / GERMANY
E-MAIL: _EMAIL_/ _URL_
TEL. +49-(0)5 51 90 04- 0 / FAX +49-(0)5 51 90 04- 100
301 W. MICHIGAN AVE. / SUITE 403 / YPSILANTI, MI 48179 / USA
E-MAIL: _EMAIL_/ _URL_
TEL. (734) 485 - 0913 / FAX (240) 465 - 4306


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Faeces, electric eels and fruit would power conceptual communities designed by Bartlett School of Architecture graduate Catrina Stewart.
The City Farmhouse project proposes housing communities on stilts above clusters of public toilets, where visitors would be required to donate faeces and urine on arrival.
Electricity would be generated from methane gas released when the harvested excrement is broken down.
Faeces and urine could also be used to produce compost and water for community gardens.
Streetlights would be powered by fruit acid and elevators would be powered by electric eels, kept as pets by residents.
Other recent architecture graduate projects include an upside-down skyscraper and a tower that shoots artificial bees into the air - see all our stories about this years graduate shows here.
Here are some more details from Catrina Stewart:
London City Farmhouse
The City Farmhouse project is a prototype that looks at forming new self-sufficient communities, which integrate agriculture and housing within the city of London.
The Farmhouses and vertical colour gardens will be open to the public, and will rely on its colours and visitors to achieve self-sufficiency.
Visitors and residents will be expected to make a donation of faeces and urine when they visit the building. These will be used to produce water, compost and electricity for the Farmhouses. Methane gas released by the waste produced in biogas digesters can then be used directly or to produce electricity.
Without its public toilets the community would not be able to survive. The more visitors the building can attract the more power, food and water will be produced. New public toilets will be erected across the borough in order to collect human waste to power the Farmhouses. New communities will begin to grow around the more popular public toilets, creating new Farmhouses.
The Farmhouse project explores the use of colour to attract people to the building and entice them into using the public toilets by using the same principles used for colour in marketing and advertising. Colours are therefore used less for their aesthetics and more for their functional properties.
Nothing in the Farmhouse is disposed of, everything is recycled and reused to fuel something else. Old and new technologies are used to harness energy and food from almost anything, animals are no longer used for their meat but rather as a source of energy.
Cows are farmed for their methane gas, electric eels are kept as pets to power the elevators in the building and fruits are used to to power the street lights.


Singapore Flyer
Singapore Flyer (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
It's the time of year when the minds of top Ivy League undergraduates turn to interviews with investment banks and consulting firms. Here's a good interview question to test their smarts: What is the diamond planet worth? The answer: $26.9 nonillion ($26.9 followed by 30 zeros).
Sure, this is the first time in your life that you have ever thought of a nonillion. But you've surely thought of trillions before -- and that's a one followed by 12 zeros. To get to a quadrillion you just at three more zeros and if you go up three each time, it only takes five more increments of three zeros to get you to a nonillion.
That's a big chunk of change. To put those $26.9 nonillion into perspective, think about the Earth's GDP -- The World Bank estimated global GDP at about $70 trillion in 2011. The Diamond Planet is worth 384 quadrillion times more than Earth's GDP. And a mere.0182% of the Diamond Planet's raw diamonds would handily pay off what the Economist estimates is the $49 trillion in debt held by the world's governments.
The Diamond Planet is formally known as '55 Cancri e.' According to Reuters, it orbits a star in the constellation of Cancer and completes a rotation that takes Earth about 365 days in 18 hours.
The Diamond Planet's radius is double Earth's and its mass is eight times greater. The 3,900F planet is warmish -- and is "covered in graphite and diamond rather than water and granite," according to Yale researcher, Nikku Madhusudhan.
But for an aspiring consultant trying to answer this brain teaser, a key fact about the Diamond Planet is that "at least a third of the planet's mass, the equivalent of about three Earth masses, could be diamond," according to Reuters.
You may not even be familiar with what consulting firms do but you have probably heard of one of consulting's alumni -- Mitt Romney. Before he started Bain Capital, a leveraged buyout firm, he was a consultant at Bain & Co.
And when consulting firms hire undergraduate students, they screen out the ones who crack under pressure. One way they put candidates under pressure is to ask them to answer questions that require them to make calculations in their heads.
For example, one former student who interviewed at Bain's Singapore office was asked to estimate the annual revenues of "the world's largest observation wheel," the Singapore Flyer. To sail through that interview question, all you'd have to do is describe the details of the revenue formula you'd use, plug in reasonable assumptions, and calculate the correct answer in your head.
To the best of my knowledge, consulting firms have not used "What is the diamond planet worth?" in an interview yet. But it would certainly be a timely and difficult question to answer -- and one that is of interest precisely because of pressure -- a key ingredient in converting coal to diamonds (at least on Earth).


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Burger that: horses for courses won't do
Chevaline … a horsemeat butcher in Paris. Photo: Reuters
THE eating of horses has a long history. Many prehistoric cultures both ate and sacrificed horses, and the ban on horsemeat by Pope Gregory III in 732 was in part an attempt to eradicate pagan rituals in the Germanic states.
From the early Middle Ages, the horse grew in importance. It made no sense to consume an animal rich in symbolism and expensive to buy and maintain, when farming gave us ready supplies of other, similar foodstuffs, namely beef and mutton. So entrenched was this view that by the 17th century eating horses was banned in most European countries.
And when horse as food started to be popularised in the mid-19th century, it was partly driven by the need to feed growing numbers of urban poor when meat prices were rising sharply.
Its proponents in England and France argued that thousands of horses went to waste every day, mainly elderly cab nags, which were worked to death and then slaughtered for glue and pet food.
In France, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland, the medical and culinary establishment lauded horsemeat, and the working classes gradually accepted it.
Legally, in France, it could only be sold in designated chevalines, clearly signposted by the still-visible golden horses heads above the door (it is now available in supermarkets as well).
In England the arguments fell on deaf ears. The idea the English could consume these noble animals, these long-lived friends of the family, was regarded with revulsion.
Guardian News & Media


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The early years
The origins of Coats can be traced to the families that created the weaving and textile industries of Paisley, Scotland during the late 18th century.
- Henry Milward established needle manufacture at Redditch, UK and hand sewing begins to flourish
- James and Patrick Clark move to the thriving town of Paisley, Scotland as young boys to begin work in the weaving trade
- The Clarks will eventually set up a business in Cotton Street making thread for use in 'heddles', which were an integral part of weaving looms at the time
- James Coats born in 1774 to a family of Paisley weavers. The early part of his life was spent serving in the British Army before returning to Paisley to marry and set himself up in business in the early 1800s
- Sir Richard Arkwright built Masson Mills in Derbyshire, England