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Say I have a limited sample, a month of daily returns, and I want to estimate the 99.5th percentile of the distribution of absolute daily returns.
Because the estimate will require extrapolation, I will need to make a distributional assumption. Is there a standard approach to take here if I want to include the higher kurtosis in my estimate?
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What you refer to as the 99.5th percentile is known as the "Value-at-Risk." You are correct that you will need to make a distributional assumption, and there is a popular and well-researched approach to this problem, though I'm not certain it could be called "standard." I would recommend you use the "truncated Levy flight" distribution. James Xiong at Morningstar has written a few papers on this topic, and you can find more by googling him and this topic. Here is a less technical, more introductory piece on the topic.
Also, you should consider other risk measures, most notably Expected Shortfall (ES), also known as Conditional-Value-at-Risk (CVaR), which examines not just what the 99.5% percentile is, but what the conditional expected return is beyond that point. I also recommend you read this MSCI piece on the topic.
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text:
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- put upon a spit; thrust through, as if with a spit; impaled.
- Spiked, or shot out to a point like a spit or bodkin, but without tines or branches: said of the antlers of a deer.
- v. Simple past tense and past participle of spit. (Etymology 1)
- v. nonstandard Simple past tense and past participle of spit. (expectorate, etc, Etymology 2)
GNU Webster's 1913
- adj. Put upon a spit; pierced as if by a spit.
- adj. Shot out long; -- said of antlers.
- obsolete p. p. of spit, v. i., to eject, to spit.
- See spit ("expectorate") (Etymology 2) (Wiktionary)
"The common name of "cow-spit," with the implied indignity to our "rural divinity," becomes singularly ludicrous when we observe not only the frequent generous display of the suds samples, thousands upon thousands in a single small meadow, but the further fact that each mass is so exactly landed upon the central stalk of grass or other plant -- "spitted" through its centre, as it were."
"This caused jamming, digging out with a pocket knife, and a whole lot of cussing while my friends continued raining down ducks, as I spitted out my choice words at Winchester."
"The groove in the main floor with the hearth was interesting and I believe it would have been for the juices from the spitted animals to drain off and through a sluice in the side walls."
"I too took position, marveling that it was possible I had spitted him heart-high and yet missed any vital spot."
"People had prayed, people loudness spitted on curse, people weeping at angry sounds, people silently watched the never saved war."
"Evolve with the forest" by Tokyo's Narisawa -- a gravely playful fairytale evocation of 'woodsy,' featuring a nub of marinated venison spitted on a cedar twig with a chestnut shell as an accompanying minidrinking bowl."
"His head has been spitted on a pike and displayed facing E Street as a warning to they who would mock our most precipitously extended federal debt."
"Before noon on the day of Diana's death, a thousand gossip columnists had spitted her memory on skewers of solid-gold cliché."
"She turned away as he spitted them over the flames."
"Sonsee-array screamed abuse at him, with obscene gestures, the Yawner gaped with laughter till his jaw cracked-and Mangas Color-ado's snake eyes went from me to the spitted peg and back again."
These user-created lists contain the word 'spitted'.
A list of words that are odd or words that I have looked up.
A roster of adjectives that infrequently surface in typical conversation and writing. Many are dredged from scientific or other technical jargon or sieved from examples of disused archaic forms.
Looking for tweets for spitted.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


of the datestamp large enough, the multiple pipelines needing to generate the same ID shouldn't be a problem. I guess 1-minute resolution would be enough, although if a rebuild is needed (e.g. flakey internet connection), we would end up with a different datestamp.
Example Version:
2021-08-16.13-07
5. Commit Datestamp
Similar to Option 4, except we use the commit's commit date to build the version number. This solves multiple pipelines needing to generate the same tag in parallel, as well as being unique and ordered. The timestamps can also be higher precision than Option 4, as we don't need to hope that pipelines start at a close enough time.
This is how we would generate it:
timestamp=$(git show -s --format=%cd --date="format:%Y-%m-%d.%H-%M-%S")
Example Version:
2021-08-16.13-07-34
6. Automatic SemVer
On build, calculate the version number using Semantic-Release.
This method means that we would need to start enforcing commit message styles, and I am not sure the format that Semantic Release is ideal for us, so it might be better to cover the commit message formatting outside this process.
The commit format would be as follows:
<type>(<scope>): <short summary>
│ │ │
│ │ └─⫸ Summary in the present tense. Not capitalized. No period at the end.
│ │
│ └─⫸ Commit Scope: animations|bazel|benchpress|common|compiler|compiler-cli|core|
│ elements|forms|http|language-service|localize|platform-browser|
│ platform-browser-dynamic|platform-server|router|service-worker|
│ upgrade|zone.js|packaging|changelog|dev-infra|docs-infra|migrations|
│ ngcc|ve
│
└─⫸ Commit Type: build|ci|docs|feat|fix|perf|refactor|test
Having worked in repositories with this enforced, I would recommend against it, as it causes a lot of frustration ("omg why has my commit been rejected again?!") and as mentioned in other options, I am not sure semver itself makes sense for our UI (or UI projects in general.)
We will still need developers to decide if a given commit is a major/minor/patch.
Example Version:
13.4.17
6. Combination: Datestamp + Git
On build, use a combination of Option 5 and Option 2 to generate a unique build number.
This method had the advantage of the meaning of the date, with the uniqueness of the git commit, but the likelihood of us needing to distinguish two commits made at identical times by their commit sha is unlikely, especially as we require clean merges to master.
Example Version:
2021-08-16.13-07-34.84d33bb
Chosen Decision
Option 5
We will also embed other build information as labels in the docker container, such as:
 - branch name
 - pipeline/build number
 - git hash
 - git commit timestamp
Consequences
 - No need to tag commits as a released version, but we could automate this if we wanted
 - No need to rebuild for changing the version number
 - No need to remember to change the version number
 - No need to decide on major/minor/patch semantics
 - Gain an understandable version number, with meaning
Summary
As I said earlier, I went into this process (which I drove) wanting to pick the 2nd option - Short Git Sha, and I came away agreeing that the commit datestamp was the best thing to use.
Not only was my mind changed in the course of this, but also people who join the project later can check out the ./docs/adr/ and see what options we considered for everything about this project, and how we arrived at the conclusions. It also means I have examples to refer back to when people ask interesting questions at work.
How do you tag your containers?
]]>
The Problem with CPUs and Kuberneteshttps://andydote.co.uk/2021/06/02/os-cpus-and-kubernetes/Wed, 02 Jun 2021 00:00:00 +0000https://andydote.co.uk/2021/06/02/os-cpus-and-kubernetes/Key Takeaway: os .cpus() returns the number of cores on a Kubernetes host, not the number of cores assigned to a pod. Investigating excessive memory usage Recently, when I was looking through a cluster health dashboard for a Kubernetes cluster, I noticed that one of the applications deployed was using a considerable amount of RAM - way more than I thought could be reasonable. Each instance (pod) of the application used approximately 8 GB of RAM, which was definitely excessive for a reasonably simple NodeJS webserver.Key Takeaway:
os .cpus() returns the number of cores on a Kubernetes host, not the number of cores assigned to a pod.
Investigating excessive memory usage
Recently, when I was looking through a cluster health dashboard for a Kubernetes cluster, I noticed that one of the applications deployed was using a considerable amount of RAM - way more than I thought could be reasonable. Each instance (pod) of the application used approximately 8 GB of RAM, which was definitely excessive for a reasonably simple NodeJS webserver. Combined with the application running 20-30 replicas or so, it makes the total RAM usage between 160 GB and 240 GB.
One of the first things I noticed was that the deployment manifest in Kubernetes had the NODE_MAX_MEM environment variable specified and set to 250 MB:
environment:
 NODE_MAX_MEM: 250
Interesting. So how is a single container using more RAM than that?
The application used to be deployed to EC2 machines and to fully utilise the multiple cores in the machines, the cluster library was used.
This library essentially forks the node process into n child processes, and in this case, n was set to os.cpus(), which returns the number of cores available on the machine in NodeJS.
While this works for direct virtual machine usage, when the application was containerised and deployed to Kubernetes, it used about the same amount of ram as before, so no one realised there was a problem.
os.cpus() and Kubernetes
The interesting thing about os.cpus() when called in a container in Kubernetes is that it reports the number of cores available on the host machine, not the amount of CPU assigned to the container (e.g. through resource requests and limits).
So every replica for the application spawns 32 child processes, as our EC2 hosts have that many cores. As they had a limited per-pod CPU budget, was there any benefit to doing this?
So I did what seemed natural - I replaced os.cpus() with 1, and deployed the application to production, and watched the performance metrics to see what happened.
And what do you know? No difference in request performance at all - and the memory usage dropped by 7.75 GB per pod.
This means overall, we have saved 155 GB to 232.5 GB of RAM, with no performance difference!
]]>
Adding Observability to Vaulthttps://andydote.co.uk/2021/05/27/vault-observe/Thu, 27 May 2021 00:00:00 +0000https://andydote.co.uk/2021/05/27/vault-observe/One of the things I like to do when setting up a Vault cluster is to visualise all the operations Vault is performing, which helps see usage patterns changing, whether there are lots of failed requests coming in, and what endpoints are receiving the most traffic. While Vault has a lot of data available in Prometheus telemetry, the kind of information I am after is best taken from the Audit backend.One of the things I like to do when setting up a Vault cluster is to visualise all the operations Vault is performing, which helps see usage patterns changing, whether there are lots of failed requests coming in, and what endpoints are receiving the most traffic.
While Vault has a lot of data available in Prometheus telemetry, the kind of information I am after is best taken from the Audit backend. Setting up an audit backend for Vault is reasonably easy - it supports three methods of communication: file, socket and syslog. For this application, I use a Unix socket and a small daemon running on the same machine as the Vault instance to send the data to a tracing system.
The Goal
Write a small application that receives audit events and writes traces (spans) to an observability tool. In this case, I am implementing both Honeycomb and Zipkin via OpenTelemetry.
The code is available on Github, and the most interesting parts are covered in the rest of this blog post.
Receiving and Processing Messages
ln, _ := net.Listen("unix", "/tmp/observe.sock")
conn, _ := ln.Accept()
for {
 message, _ := bufio.NewReader(conn).ReadBytes('\n')
 // do


YOU ARE HERE: LAT HomeCollections
Howard B. Keck; Oil Magnate, Philanthropist
Howard B. Keck, an oil magnate and philanthropist who was chairman and president of the Superior Oil Co. and the W.M. Keck Foundation, has died. He was 83.
Keck, who had retired from active work on the foundation a year ago, died Saturday in Santa Monica.
The scion of Superior founder W.M. Keck Sr., Howard Keck worked from an early age in California oil fields along with his brother William and their father. Howard Keck succeeded his father as chairman of the independent oil and gas company in 1964.
He was known particularly for pioneering offshore drilling along the Gulf Coast. When court squabbling over his father's fortune sparked the sale of Superior in 1984, Keck led shareholders in securing the sale to Mobil Corp. for $5.7 billion.
Keck turned his energies to the foundation, which he headed from 1964 to 1995. The sole trustee of his father's charitable trust, he became particularly identified with the W.M. Keck Observatory on Hawaii's Mauna Kea.
During his tenure, the family's charitable trust grew from $250 million to $1.2 billion. In that period, the trust and foundation awarded $550 million in grants to science, medicine, higher education and the arts.
Keck was a trustee of Caltech when he became personally engrossed in the Keck Observatory and its internationally known Keck Telescope. The huge telescope was conceived by the University of California. But Caltech was brought into the project on the condition that Caltech raise some funding.
The self-educated Keck stepped in, offering to fully fund the telescope--but only if Caltech rather than UC controlled the project.
After months of negotiation, Keck agreed to a joint project with UC and Caltech sharing 90% of the telescope's viewing time.
Other Keck projects included use of free-electron laser technology in surgery, molecular studies to improve pharmaceuticals, precision measurement and observation of the ocean environment and studies in genetics.
Keck also bred and raced Thoroughbred horses. His stables produced Ferdinand, the 1986 winner of the Kentucky Derby.
Los Angeles Times Articles


text:
Yalwal is the site of a former gold mining town of the same name situated 29 km (18 mi) west of Nowra at the confluence of the Dangera and Yarramunmun Creeks which then forms Yalwal Creek which flows into the Shoalhaven River. It is now the site of a City of Shoalhaven managed picnic area and Dangera Dam.
Gold was first discovered in the area by Rev W.B. Clarke in 1852. Successful sluicing operations began in 1870 by J. Sivewright and party but were disrupted by the great flood of 1871. In 1872 open cut mining operations were begun at the Pinnacle when the main reef was discovered. The first shafts were sunk in the Homeward Bound mine in 1872 with payable gold found in 1874. In 1875 the first stamp battery (5 head) was erected. In 1880 a mail receiving station was opened and in 1884 a public school opened, it closed in 1918, reopened in 1924 and finally closed in 1928.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


The Surprising Truth About Obsession - And Why You Can't Stop Thinking About Someone
Updated April 01, 2020
Reviewer Lauren Guilbeault
Introduction
If you've recently broken up with an intimate partner or have an interest in someone who doesn't even seem to know you're alive, you may be wondering how to stop thinking about someone. In this article, we talk about what can happen if you find yourself constantly thinking about someone - and you can't seem to stop.
Source: unsplash.com
When A Healthy Crush Becomes An Obsession
There's a fine line between normal healthy behavior and obsession when it comes to thinking about someone constantly. It's normal to think about your romantic partner when you're involved in a serious or dating relationship. It's also normal to have thoughts and memories of romantic partners and important people in your life long after the relationship has ended.
What's not normal is when you start to obsess, ruminate, and the object of your affection becomes the object of your obsession. If you find that you can't stop thinking about someone long enough to check-in to your own daily life and thoughts of someone else is taking over your life, this can quickly become a problem.
Obsessing about another person can develop into more detrimental behaviors like stalking, domestic violence, and other mental health-related concerns. To get to the bottom of the question, "why do I keep thinking about someone, you have to ask yourself (and answer) the hard questions to pull out of the downward spiral of obsession.
The Truth About Obsession
When you're obsessed with someone, this is normally because you think or feel that they have something that you need and that their presence will somehow improve the circumstances of your life. This is rarely the case. If you're unable to find happiness and contentment within yourself - first, then you'll have an even harder time trying to find it.
The key to learning how to stop thinking about someone - is to learn to start thinking about yourself. What areas of your life feel chaotic or like they are in disarray? Ask yourself if you healed those issues, would thoughts of the object of your affection be as dominant? Or is constantly obsessing about this person pointing to a larger issue.
What's Behind The Obsession?
When you can't stop thinking about someone, this is a sign that more serious issues are likely bubbling beneath the surface. Having to ask yourself, "why can't I stop thinking about someone" is a clear indicator that you need to check in with not only yourself but possibly a mental health professional to help you get to the bottom of the issue.
If you're thinking about someone who you've recently broken up with or have an emotional attachment to, healthy adults understand that this is a normal part of the healing and grieving process, however, when your every waking thought is consumed with the comings and goings of another person, this is a serious issue.
What is it that is causing you to obsess over thoughts of this person - especially in cases where similar interests or feelings are not returned. Are you obsessing over this person because you feel that they're your soulmate, "complete" you, or is there another reason?
Healthy adults respect the natural ebb and flow of relationships and understand that people and circumstances change and that regardless of whether you're in that relationship, friendship, career, etc. that you've been obsessing about that the pain of grief and loss will subside with time.
Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Another reason that you may find yourself obsessing over your relationship - especially if you're still in it is that you're experiencing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive relationship disorder (ROCD) people who suffer from OCD struggle with feelings of worth for both themselves and their partner, and obsessively question the validity of their relationship.
Source: unsplash.com
Symptoms of ROCD are a constant questioning of yourself and your partner. Constantly asking questions like "Do you still love me?" and still not be assured by the answer when your partner confirms that they are - is a sign of relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder.
People with ROCD are obsessed with the concept of their relationships to where the obsession may even become debilitating. ROCD sufferers are concerned with two conflicting aspects of relationships that include the fear of being trapped in an undesirable or sub-par relationship, while simultaneously suffering from the fear of being alone.
These two conflicting beliefs often cancel each other out and leave ROCD sufferers in a tailspin as they work to resolve their conflicting emotions on their own. In most cases, working out obsessive and repetitive thoughts on their own is not the answer.
ROCD sufferers are normally treated with a combination of talk therapy and medication management based on the severity of their diagnosis and the recommendation of a licensed and board-certified mental health professional.
Common treatments for ROCD include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure therapy with response prevention (ERP), and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT).
Cognitive-behavior therapy helps ROCD sufferers to recognize negative behaviors that are contributing to their obsessive behavior and provides strategies for developing new coping skills and life skills to replace the negative behaviors.
Exposure therapy gradually introduces clients to the stimulating situation, person, or circumstance that triggers their obsession with the guidance of their therapist. The goal of ERP therapy is to gradually reduce the amount of anxiety or obsession a person feels about the originally offending circumstance.
How Counseling Can Help
Well-meaning friends and family members often have their own opinions about how we live our individual lives. While this is okay (to an extent) when it comes to getting to the bottom of deep-rooted issues, a licensed professional is the best way to go.
Mental health counselors act as an unbiased third-party that can point out damaging behaviors and thought patterns that may cause you to obsess over someone. It may surprise you to find that when you can't stop thinking about someone, the issues are behind the obsession are with you - not the other party.
Source: unsplash.com
Outward expressions of obsession often have to do with unhealed pain within. Most times, the pain experienced during the loss of a relationship or relationship disconnect can turn inward and express themselves in the form of a lack of self-worth, confusion, and obsession.
In the cases where culminating circumstances and feelings turn outward, conditions like obsessive-compulsive relationship disorder can quickly develop and cause issues in your life. Clients who attend regular counseling sessions learn new life coping skills and strategies and how to recognize negative behavior patterns and break negative cycles.
Where To Get Help
If you find that you're obsessing about someone for any of the reasons we've discussed so far, it's time to get help from a professional. A licensed therapist or other board-certified mental health providers can guide you along your journey and provide you with coping strategies and new life skills to help you deal with persistent issues with obsession.
Taking part in therapy sessions with an in-office provider or an online therapist are both viable options. Many people are choosing online therapy because of the convenience and cost that make it possible to attend therapy virtually anywhere. Today's online therapy sessions are conducted via desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobile devices that connect clients and therapists in a confidential environment.
Clients and therapists can communicate via a wide variety of virtual methods, including text chat, video messaging, audio chat, and SMS therapy. Leading relationship therapy providers ReGain.US provide relationship counseling services for couples at a fraction of the cost of in-office therapy.
The ReGain.US platform operates on a HIPAA and BAA compliant platform that staff licensed and board-certified therapists. The following are the licensed, experienced, and trained therapists that you'll find when you choose relationship therapy on the Regain platform.
 1. Psychologists (Psy. D/Ph.D.)
 2. Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists (LMFT)
 3. Licensed Professional Counselors (LPC/LPCC)
 4. Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSW)
All therapists on the Regain platform have a Master's or Doctoral degree along with a minimum of 2000 hands-on clinical service hours.
FAQ's (Frequently Asked Questions)
What does it mean when you can't stop thinking about a person?
When you can't stop thinking about a person, it could mean several things. You might imagine spending time with them, because you don't know what that could be like, and you envision a beautiful connection that could be. Perhaps you want to get to know them more, and you've invested in the potential of a relationship. It could be that your intuition is telling you that you could be a good match for each other. There's a balance between being obsessed with someone and wanting to get to know them more. If you find yourself looking at their social media profiles a lot, or trying to determine more about them for hours of the day, that could be the sign that you're developing a fixation on them. That's not a good thing. It's not good for your mental health to hyperfocus on one individual. If you notice yourself obsessing over a person, it's good to use distraction as a tool. Your mental health will thank you.
If you're thinking of someone, does that mean that they're thinking of you too?
If you intuitively feel a connection with someone, there may be something there. Have you ever thought about a person, and right


have named this class anything I wanted. Since it's the home page of the application, I could have, for example, simply named it Home. What makes this class a page definition is that Tapestry is mixed-in with it. Including Tapestry in the class means that the Veilus class is treated as a special kind of class with some extra functionality. So essentially what you do is turn a generic Ruby class into a Tapestry-specific class.
What those expectations are showing you is that the page instance is "a kind of" Tapestry. But the page instance itself is an instance of Veilus, which is the class of the page definition. Let's look at what we're dealing with here. Add the following to your script:
These will provide the following identical output:
#<Watir::Browser:0x2e9e36c7934b06f6 url="_URL_ title="Veilus">
#<Watir::Browser:0x2e9e36c7934b06f6 url="_URL_ title="Veilus">
This shows you that the browser object for Tapestry and the browser object for the page are one and the same. So Watir has been proxied to the page definition. Now try this:
That will give you this:
#<Veilus:0x007f95f84aeaf8
 @browser=#<Watir::Browser:0xceed71548bdba0
 url="_URL_
 title="Veilus">>
Here you'll see how the browser object that we just looked at is contained in an instance variable called @browser. This is an instance variable on the page object. One of my core points here is that it's very important for the mechanics of your micro-framework to be exposed such that people can see how to extend your framework if they want to.
So you should note that while there is a @browser instance behind the scenes, you do have to refer to it in the context of Tapestry. This is important in case you have other test frameworks that similarly create a @browser instance variable. In other words, this is what allows Tapestry to play nicely with other tools you may be using. Details are encapsulated in the Tapestry namespace. You might also notice how I can retain access to the driver library — Watir — and also the underlying driver for it — Selenium. This means I can access any methods that exist on those libraries.
The thing to understand is that a @browser reference is passed in to the page definition. Where does the @browser come from? The call to set_browser is what created the @browser instance. Passing that @browser instance to the page definition means that a Tapestry controlled page object will be wrapped around the driver.
The Tapestry API
Let's investigate a bit more into Tapestry. Try this:
The following will tell you the above along with everything that Tapestry provides to a page instance. This is effectively giving you some insight into the Tapestry API, which is attached to a page definition. You can also do this:
Right now that's not going to provide you with much. In fact, it will provide you with exactly nothing. I'll come back to that at another point in another post.
Using Tapestry, Using Watir, Using Selenium
Let's add a few checks to your script. Here's a version of the script with the two lines you should try out:
These delegate down to the @browser instance (see title and url). So note that Tapestry's API is matching that of the library it wraps, Watir, when it makes sense to do so. This means someone doesn't have to learn a new API just to use Tapestry, but rather can leverage one they know (Watir). And if you look at the Watir source (title and url) you'll see that these just delegate down to @driver, which as we saw earlier was Selenium.
So That's an Initial Look
This is probably a good place to stop for now. It's always easy to go way too overboard and show everything at once. What I wanted to do here was introduce you to Tapestry and show you a little bit about it, including a delegation pattern that I think is very important; namely, wrapping an API (Selenium) around layers that allow to provide your own API, consistent with that which you are wrapping, but that also allows you to provide a certain style of presentation.
What I think you also saw here was that Tapestry exposed various aspects of itself in a fairly easy way for you to consume. And all of this was done without a lot of apparent moving parts. There is more to show with Tapestry, of course, but this gentle introduction here is how I believe the development of micro-frameworks should start in a test automation context.
The next post will further dig into the API that I started with here.
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This article was written by Jeff Nyman
Anything I put here is an approximation of the truth. You're getting a particular view of myself ... and it's the view I'm choosing to present to you. If you've never met me before in person, please realize I'm not the same in person as I am in writing. That's because I can only put part of myself down into words. If you have met me before in person then I'd ask you to consider that the view you've formed that way and the view you come to by reading what I say here may, in fact, both be true. I'd advise that you not automatically discard either viewpoint when they conflict or accept either as truth when they agree.
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Google Finally Admits That Its Infamous Brainteasers Were Completely Useless for Hiring
800 google offices.jpg
"We found that brainteasers are a complete waste of time," Laszlo Bock, senior vice president of people operations at Google, told the New York Times. "They don't predict anything. They serve primarily to make the interviewer feel smart."
 - Design an evacuation plan for San Francisco
 - How many times a day does a clock's hands overlap?
Bock says Google now relies on more quotidian means of interviewing prospective employees, such as standardizing interviews so that candidates can be assessed consistently, and "behavioral interviewing," such as asking people to describe a time they solved a difficult problem. It's also giving much less weight to college grade point averages and SAT scores.
(PS: The answer is 500,000)


text:
technology of beetroot nectar:
The beetroot nectar is a vermilion coloured (typical to beetroot), pleasant intensive beetroot smelling juice with a taste characteristic to boiled beetroot. It is produced with 35% vegetable content. It does not contain any preservatives.
The processing of bio-rhubarb takes place in a conserving study-workshop. Production is completed by students of faculty of food processing industry under the guidance of specialist teachers. All operations are carried out punctually, in accordance with hygienic and work regulations. The quantitative receipt of the rhubarb takes place by measuring, the qualitative receipt takes place by considering qualitative specifications.
Washing -> Husking-> Rinse ->
Chopping -> Fine chopping -> Confection of the coction-> Checking -> Glassing -> Sealing -> Tempering
The beetroot nectar is preserved by pasteurizing, tempering under 100 °C. This method is applicable at products under 4,5 pH.


text:
Quilt, Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt, various makers and places of manufacture, Australia / United States of America, _PHONE_
The Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt, of which this eight-panel quilt forms a part, is an evocative record of those who were lost to HIV, many of them in their 20s and 30s. The visual diversity of the panels is marked, capturing as they do the character and individuality of the person who died. In the 1980s and 90s, at the onset of AIDS and in the following decade, societal attitudes were often homophobic. The Quilt records memories of those vibrant young people who faced their death in times of ignorance, often with no help, no friends (many had died already), family denial and discrimination. Some panels are anonymous, while many are now supported by documentation such as written descriptions by the maker, photographs and eulogies. As a result, the AIDS Quilt tells us a great deal about social change and changing attitudes to safe sex, gay culture and death in the late twentieth century in western societies.
The quilts are important ¬?so there is a record of that person existing, whereas with a lot of people with AIDS that (record) is not there. There¬?s a whole generation of people - unless we tell their stories, they are not there¬?. (Interview with Libby Woodhams, Sydney QuiltProject Convenor 2010). In most western societies, mourning is a fairly private and restrained affair in which depths of emotion are kept out of the public eye. Given the prejudices surrounding the AIDS epidemic, one can understand how difficult it is for those who are mourning their AIDS victims to express their grief fully and openly. The AIDS Quilt is remarkable because it combined an opportunity to share in the mourning process with a celebration of the life of the deceased.
First diagnosed in 1981, HIV/AIDS is the major infectious epidemic of the late 20th century. The first Australian death from AIDS was recorded in Melbourne in 1983. Subsequently, public programs undertaken by community organisations and government departments in Australia have educated people about the disease and its transmission. The Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt Project, then comprising 35 panels, was formally launched in Sydney on 1 December 1988 (World AIDS Day), by Ita Buttrose, Chairperson of the National Advisory Committee on AIDS (NACAIDS). While the Quilt began as a memorial, it has become one of the nation¬?s most valuable resources for promoting a compassionate and educational dialogue about AIDS within Australian communities. Its non-threatening nature and artistic and creative approach enables accessibility to the content and allows people from all walks of life to learn about the AIDS epidemic from its human side.
UK quilt website _URL_
Anni Turnbull, Curatorial Design & Society, 2011
This quilt was made by various people in Sydney, New South Wales; Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and New York, United States of America, between 1989 - 1994.
In the documentation, 'panel' refers to a single memorial piece; several panels stitched together form one 'quilt'; many individual quilts make up the Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt.
Typically very personalized, individual quilt panels were created by the loved ones of someone who died of AIDS-related causes. Each panel is roughly the size of a human grave; the panels were given to the Australian Quilt Project, where they were grouped with other similar panels to form a quilt. Quilts like this were often the only opportunity people had to remember and celebrate their loved ones' lives.
This quilt was created as part of the Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt Project, which was founded in September 1988 by Andrew Carter OAM and Richard Johnson in Sydney. It was formally launched on World AIDS Day, 1 December 1988 by Ms Ita Buttrose. The founding 35 memorial panels were displayed that day in Sydney with visiting panels from the American Names Project.
Australian traveller Andrew Carter saw the American Quilt during its 1988 US National Tour, and upon his return home he was inspired to found the Australian Quilt with Richard Johnson. Andrew Carter was later awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia in recognition of this work. The Australian Quilt remains the largest outside the USA. Local groups of the Quilt now exist in States and Territories across Australia.
In 2007 the Quilt Project Sydney, which became the custodian of the Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt in 2000 offered the Quilt to the Powerhouse Museum for acquisition into the collection. A lengthy collaborative process ensued, in order to ensure that both the families of those commemorated and the makers of the quilts were in agreement with this proposal. At the same time, photography and documentation of the quilts, together with purpose-designed storage were carried out.


text: β-LEAF assays can be used to determine activity of multiple antibiotics simultaneously. β-LEAF assays were set up with multiple antibiotics (cefazolin, cefoxitin and cefepime) in selected S. aureus isolates. Antibiotic activity was assessed in positive control strain #1, negative control strain #2 and four S. aureus clinical isolates that showed substantial β-lactamase production (#6, #18, #19, #20). The different bacterial strains were incubated with β-LEAF alone and β-LEAF and cefazolin/cefoxitin/cefepime respectively. Fluorescence was monitored over 60 min. The y-axis represents cleavage rate of β-LEAF (measured as fluorescence change rate – milliRFU/min) normalized by bacterial O.D. (optical density) at 600 nm. Results are presented as the average of three independent experiments (each experiment contained samples in triplicates) and error bars represent the standard error.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Some differences between tungsten and titanium are that they belong to different groups on the periodic table, tungsten has a higher boiling point and titanium is known as the only element that burns in nitrogen. Tungsten belongs to group 6, and titanium belongs to group 4 on the periodic table. Since these elements belong to different groups, they have dissimilar chemical properties.Continue Reading
Of all the metallic elements, tungsten has the highest melting point, which is 6,192 degrees Fahrenheit. The melting point of titanium is 3034 F. Another difference between these elements is that titanium has a lower density at 4.5 gram per cubic centimeter, while tungsten's density is 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter.
Although these are some differences, tungsten and titanium do have some things in common. They are metals that are white in appearance. In nature, tungsten and titanium are not found as pure elements but in minerals.Learn more about Atoms & Molecules


Performance Evaluation and Thermal Management Solutions for a Sustainable Microsized Hydrogen-Powered Turbo-Shaft Engine
Date of this Version
7-27-2023
Keywords
Micro Gas Turbine Hydrogen Fuel Thermal Management Sustainability
Abstract
Analyzing the aerospace and automotive industries, there is a transition to sustainable energy generation. Aiming to bridge industrial emissions with the worldwide net zero goal by 2050, one widely considered solution for long-range drones and small aircraft is compact turbo-shaft engines combusting clean hydrogen gas to produce shaft work. The small size and energy-dense fuel allow for a universal powerplant with high specific power output that fits a wide variety of existing solutions. One such micro-sized turboshaft internal combustion engine was created to test the potential power output, thermal management, and combustor optimization of the existing stainless steel assembly. The computational models predicted a potential power output of 72 kW from the turbine assembly, with the compressor dissipating 70.5 kW, indicating a usable 1.5 kW from the overall engine. During standard operation at a rotational speed of 98,000 RPM, the models predicted thermal failure of the rear combustor wall after reaching the operational time mark of 2 minutes, which was later physically verified. During data collection, several thermocouples and strain sensors indicated heat concentration and compression near the corners of the rectangular combustor. Additional ventilation was created, allowing cooler air to circulate the outgoing exhaust gases faster with a relative loss of combustor performance due to additional turbulence. Overall, the project has proven that micro gas turbines can be utilized for clean power generation on larger drones. Future developments may prompt the use of higher-grade materials and thermal insulation to help boost the thermodynamic performance of this promising potential solution.
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Forest Communicators' Network
The UNECE/FAO Forest Communicators' Network (FCN) is mandated by the UNECE Timber Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry and the FAO European Forestry Commission (EFC) with the overall objective to improve the ability of the forest and forest products sector to communicate effectively, within and outside the sector, through:
1. Providing a forum for international interaction and cooperation in forest related communications;
2. Strengthening the ability of the Committee, the Commission and the Working Party on Forest Statistics, Economics and Management to reach out to relevant constituencies, within and outside the forest sector, including through cooperation with other Teams of Specialists;
3. Developing the professionalism of forest communicators by introducing and encouraging state of the art and innovative communication approaches, strengthening networking and supporting capacities in the region.
Participation in the FCN is open to all sharing the concern about its common objectives and tasks.


text: This European Standard defines a set of reference masses for specifying the requirements for the design, testing, acceptance, marking, delivery and operation of rail vehicles. The reference masses defined in this document are as follows: dead mass; design mass in working order; design mass under normal payload; design mass under exceptional payload; operational mass in working order; operational mass under normal payload; These reference masses are defined with respect to the whole vehicle, but they can also apply to a specific system or component. The specification of values for tolerances applicable to reference masses is not in the scope of this standard. Tolerances can be required by an application standard. Additional loadings due to environmental factors, for example snow and retained or absorbed rainwater, are not in the scope of this European Standard.


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Rockville, MD (PRWEB) January 25, 2006
Ariadne Genomics, Inc. today announced the release of MedScan Reader 1.0, a new category of desktop software that enables automated extraction of information from scientific text. This software, developed for a broad range of life science professionals and biomedical students, dramatically facilitates professional reading and reduces time spent on literature research.
MedScan Reader is the first commercially available product with the ability to read and digest thousands of abstracts or documents on the fly, summarize content, and provide an instant snapshot of relevant information. This user-friendly product is helpful for students, post-docs, professors and doctors specializing in various areas of the biomedical field. MedScan Reader understands a broad range of subjects, and can process documents on numerous aspects of protein function, biochemistry, cellular physiology and molecular pathology.
MedScan Reader is derived from MedScan, Ariadnes well-established information extraction technology based on natural language processing (NLP). Over the past few years, MedScan has been deployed as an information extraction tool at a number of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. This product has also been used for the creation of Ariadnes ResNet database, the core data source for PathwayStudio


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Mizzou Engineering advancing new manufacturing technique
A Mizzou Engineering professor is working to refine an advanced manufacturing technique that may make conventional aircraft assembly lines a thing of the past.
A. Sherif El-Gizawy, a mechanical and aerospace engineering faculty member, has received nearly $88,000 from The Boeing Co. to adapt an advanced manufacturing technique for its use in aircraft production. The manufacturing technique—known as "rapid manufacturing"—uses a single computer-guided machine instead of typical manufacturing processes that require numerous expensive tooling machines to build complex components.
"You don't use a special tool for each shape," El-Gizawy said. "The savings are tremendous here."
El-Gizawy's two-year project centers on a rapid manufacturing technique and high-temperature plastic developed by Stratasys Inc., a Minnesota-based company that produces computer-controlled manufacturing machines. While industry has for decades used computer-aided machines to build model manufacturing components to aid in design and development, machines that can build a useable part directly from a computer program have hit the market only relatively recently.
Industry observers hail rapid manufacturing techniques for their potential to cut costs and time from such standard manufacturing methods as plastic injection molding or die casting and the assembly process they require. Rapid manufacturing also offers extensive control over a component's internal structure, allowing the construction of more intricate designs, El-Gizawy said.
Boeing has sponsored El-Gizawy's research project—providing machines worth about $400,000 as well as material—to help determine whether Stratasys' rapid manufacturing machine and plastic can meet its design production requirements. El-Gizawy and mechanical and aerospace engineering graduate students Joseph Cardona, Brian Graybill and Joshua Arnone will work on two Stratasys machines at Boeing's Advanced Manufacturing R&D Phantom Works in St. Louis to explore the best process design to produce finished products with the required quality and cost.
Their work also involves determining the properties of the newly developed high-temperature plastic.
"We'll conduct experimental investigations to measure changes in the material as we change the process design," Cardona said.
El-Gizawy also will develop a computer model for Boeing that can predict the properties of products made through the Stratasys process with various materials and under varying conditions. The model will help determine what material and conditions would best meet Boeing's requirements, El-Gizawy said.
The Stratasys technology—with its potential for great precision—may be adaptable for medical use as well, El-Gizawy said.
He is investigating the possibility of using the Stratasys process to create such biomedical products as a bone implant fine-tuned enough to allow a patient's own bone to grow through and into it. The Stratasys material has much to recommend it, El-Gizawy said.
"This is a plastic, but it is very close to metal in terms of strength and toughness," he said.
Those properties have prompted Arnone to focus his research on the possibility of using the specialized Stratasys material as a bone graft substitute.
The Stratasys plastic has the potential to provide surgeons with a material that is strong as well as compatible with the human body—two characteristics not typically found together in existing bone graft substitutes, Arnone said.
"This is a material that could be always ready in the operating room," Arnone said.


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Cision PR Newswire
XPRIZE Rings New York Stock Exchange Closing Bell to Address Global Climate Crisis
News provided byXPRIZE
Sep 19, 2023, 10:00 AM ET
NYSE ceremony during Climate Week NYC underscores XPRIZE's ongoing commitment to climate solutions, followed by panel of alumni innovators
NEW YORK, Sept. 19, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- XPRIZE, the world's leader in designing and operating incentive competitions to solve humanity's greatest challenges, rings the closing bell at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) today to celebrate its impact incentivizing innovators to create climate solutions. This esteemed opportunity, timed during Climate Week NYC, commemorates XPRIZE's long-standing commitment to accelerating breakthroughs and setting audacious goals to address threats posed by climate change.
The closing bell marks a significant milestone in XPRIZE's 29-year history as a global leader in designing, launching, and executing large scale global innovation competitions to accelerate a world of equitable abundance for all.
"Over the years, XPRIZE competitions have driven solutions to a range of climate-related challenges, including cleaning and restoring our oceans, increasing access to fresh water, and capturing and recycling carbon dioxide emissions," said Anousheh Ansari, CEO, XPRIZE. "At this moment, all of our active prizes totaling $136 million will directly impact climate, conservation and sustainability work around the world; we're building a movement and inspiring innovators around the world to help us create a positive future."
By ringing the closing bell at the NYSE during Climate Week, XPRIZE hopes to underscore the importance of climate action and demonstrate how setting moonshot goals can help solve the unprecedented challenges we face. XPRIZE's current active prizes working to address various climate solutions include:
- XPRIZE Rainforest - a $10M competition to develop technologies that will change the way we evaluate and support biodiversity and conservation efforts in rainforest communities.
- XPRIZE Feed the Next Billion - a $15M competition to produce accessible and sustainable meat alternatives that outperform chicken or fish in accessibility, taste and nutrition.
- XPRIZE Wildfire - a $11M competition to develop new technologies that autonomously detect and manage potentially destructive wildfires, and enable the safe management of all high-risk fires.
- XPRIZE Carbon Removal - a $100M competition to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or oceans and sequester it sustainably, demonstrating the ability to reach gigatonne scale.
"Our climate challenges cannot be solved with a single solution. They require bold innovation across many industries which contribute to the problems we face today. Developing more sustainable systems across the board from innovations in food production, to assessing and protecting our natural surroundings, and undoing the damage done so far all must happen concurrently and urgently," added Ansari. "I'm confident that each of these prizes will make a measurable impact in their respective industries and move us closer to a balanced and hopeful future."
The bell ringing ceremony will be followed by a panel discussion among XPRIZE competition alumni, including representatives of Air Company, CERT, Clean Robotics, and Quest Institute. These leading innovators will offer insights on the opportunities and major developments in their respective industries, including carbontech, robotics and AI, and STEM. They will also discuss how their participation in various XPRIZE incentive competitions helped lay the groundwork for their current endeavors.
XPRIZE is an established global leader in designing, launching, and executing large scale competitions to solve humanity's greatest challenges. Our unique model democratizes innovation by incentivizing crowd-sourced, scientifically viable solutions to create a more equitable and abundant future for all. Donate, learn more or join a team at xprize.org.
Director of Communications, Marketing
_PHONE_ - xprize.org
View original content to download multimedia:_URL_
NOTE: This content is not written by or endorsed by "WJW", its advertisers, or Nexstar Media Inc.


Your statement of truth really, really matters!
Not many court experts, signing the statement of truth at the end of their reports, are thinking about the clang of the prison gates. The recent decision in Liverpool Victoria Insurance v Zafar [2019] EWCA Civ 392 is a reminder that they should.
The medical expert revised a prognosis in his medical report by adopting his instructing solicitor's suggestion, and without re-examining the client or exercising any professional judgment. There was no clinical justification for the amendment. It was not perhaps surprising that the judge had held that the expert was reckless as to the truth of the revision and as to whether that would mislead the court, and for that contempt of court passed a sentence of 6 months imprisonment but suspended it.
The Court of Appeal was asked to find the sentence unduly lenient. It did.
It was emphasised that making a false statement verified by a statement of truth is a serious offence. Doing so deliberately or recklessly would usually result in committal to prison, and the offence remained serious even if there was no direct financial motive on the part of the expert for the false statement. In the case of an expert witness, it made little difference whether the false statement was made deliberately or recklessly.
The maximum sentence for contempt is 2 years' imprisonment. A sentence "well in excess of 12 months" was the starting point. Early admission and co-operation, genuine remorse and previous unblemished professional record were all relevant, but breach of the court's trust by a professional witness could be expected to result in severe sanctions. That experts in this position will have brought ruin upon themselves was not a reason not to impose a significant custodial sentence.
The Court of Appeal indicated immediate custodial sentence would be the norm, and there would have to be powerful factors to justify suspending the sentence.
The expert in this case was not re-sentenced as the guidelines now available by this judgment were not available when he was sentenced. However it was made clear that now an appropriate sentence would be an immediate custodial sentence significantly longer than six months.
An expert must take the statement of truth required at the conclusion of an expert report for any court or tribunal extremely serious. Although rarely read, as it is pasted into a report or appears in the template, it does bear reading. To recklessly or deliberately misstate matters in the report in breach of that statement of truth is likely to result in an immediate custodial sentence, as well as terminal consequences for the expert's professional status.
Similar weight should also be given to the sign-off of a joint statement following a joint discussion between experts. In civil claims this requires a brief restatement that the experts recognise their duties to the court and that they have not been instructed to avoid reaching agreement on any matter within their competence. An intentional or reckless false statement is likely to have similar consequences.


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AEM target detection in geological noise
Andy Green and Don Hunter
ASEG Extended Abstracts
2004(1) 1 - 4
Target selection and ranking is a critical aspect of mineral exploration that is complicated when the host geology either masks or mimics the responses from targets of interest. The approach described here uses statistical signal processing techniques, specifically matched filtering, to help recognise targets in the presence of such confusing effects. The essence of this approach is to assume that the data are composed of noise, generated by the background geology, and signals generated by targets of exploration interest. It is this recognition of the geology as a noise source, which allows traditional signal processing strategies to be applied to the problem. The critical step, absolutely necessary to success, involves pre-whitening the data so that those characteristics of the target that are as different as possible from this ''geological noise' are emphasised. Matched filtering is a well-established technique in fields other than mineral exploration. Work here has shown that, in many instances, it can also be applied successfully to AEM data. It provides a useful way of highlighting targets for further investigation by simplifying the interpretation process and filtering out many complex anomalies that are not feasible targets. This paper presents some of the necessary theory and the results of a number of case studies where the technique has been applied.
Full text doi:10.1071/ASEG2004ab055
© ASEG 2004


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Early Years students help children to explore building
A2 Early Years students planned and implemented a literacy morning at Grayswood Primary school for 29 year 1 pupils. The school is undergoing major extension work and the pupil's topic is building. To complement their work the students planned a carousel of activities around the well-known story of The Three Little Pigs.
The children had the opportunity to 'build' their own house in straw or sticks or bricks and also make props for retelling the story through role play. The morning proved a great success with the children and the students and helped reinforce the skill of effective teamwork.


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The won cause: black and white comradeship in the Grand Army of the Republic
Univ of North Carolina Press
, 2011 - History
- 282 pages
In the years after the Civil War, black and white Union soldiers who survived the horrific struggle joined the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR)--the Union army's largest veterans' organization. In this thoroughly researched and groundbreaking study, Barbara Gannon chronicles black and white veterans' efforts to create and sustain the nation's first interracial organization.
According to the conventional view, the freedoms and interests of African American veterans were not defended by white Union veterans after the war, despite the shared tradition of sacrifice among both black and white soldiers. In The Won Cause, however, Gannon challenges this scholarship, arguing that although black veterans still suffered under the contemporary racial mores, the GAR honored its black members in many instances and ascribed them a greater equality than previous studies have shown. Using evidence of integrated posts and veterans' thoughts on their comradeship and the cause, Gannon reveals that white veterans embraced black veterans because their membership in the GAR demonstrated that their wartime suffering created a transcendent bond--comradeship--that overcame even the most pernicious social barrier--race-based separation. By upholding a more inclusive memory of a war fought for liberty as well as union, the GAR's "Won Cause" challenged the Lost Cause version of Civil War memory.


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|NNNN BAD DEVELOPERS NNNN|
King Parrot Creek (Melways 408 P10).
A well known Melbourne developer ( he wants to build the tallest structure in the world) has removed the stream side vegetation on King Parrot Ck. The next flood will probably remove his paddock. It would be funny if it wasn't so tragic.
About 100 indigenous trees, including Blackwoods were removed from this site. The creeks riparian zone is supposed to be protected 20 metres on each side of the creek, but that didn't stop these 'cowboys' from running amuck. Many of the trees would have to have been chainsawed from within the creek itself. The local Catchment Management Authority has failed to do anything about this act of wanton destruction.
King Parrot Creek is a highly recommended fishing creek for brown trout. The creek downstream also has a population of the very rare and Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act protected Macquarie Perch. Such wanton riparian destruction can increase sedimentation loads inside the creek which is devastating to fish populations - silt can also smother fish habitat including snags. Removing trees also plays havoc with water temperatures (taking away protection of the creek from excessive summer temperatures) and destroys fish food, mainly being macroinvertebrate species. Anectodal evidence is already suggesting that this stretch of river is already depleted of its trout population.
Downstream from the riparian destruction (above), the next landholder had recently dumped building rubbish on the banks of King Parrot Creek. This person was ex-head honcho of a large media conglomerate. His cattle are also playing havoc with the creek banks. Perhaps after a heavy rain all of this waste will end up in the creek destroying valuable fish habitat.


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Jasper sweetmeat basket, about 1790
Many of the 'ornamental' wares had uses also, including this single vase (see below) and sweetmeat basket. The three-colour vase has a pierced cover and a solid cover below it, both of them removable. It could be used for pot pourri, with the solid cover left in place when it was not required to scent the room. Containers for pot pourri and burners for scented pastilles were both popular products, presumably because standards of personal hygiene were not high.
The vase is of three-colour jasper, which may have been introduced about 1786. The basket has piercings made painstakingly by hand through the solid blue jasper. It is one of a pair in the collection. Baskets were often used in fours, piled high with fruit or confectionary, in the symmetrical setting of the table for dessert. It was the custom to use more fanciful and decorative tableware for dessert than for the main courses.
This pair of black and white jasper pots are for plants and have removable pierced grates. This design served equally well, however, for pedestals to support vases. Each of the four sides has a figure of a Cupid representing a different season.
The vases imitating bamboo show that the same shape was often made in different materials. The green and lilac versions are in jasper, but the most suitably coloured one is in caneware, a type of body which Wedgwood developed in the late 1770s. Lilac jasper, one of the less common colours, is particularly sought after by modern collectors. Wedgwood mentioned to Bentley that it was available in 1777.
The lilac wares shown here are not of solid jasper but jasper dip. It was expensive and usually unnecessary to colour right through the jasper body of a piece, and from about 1785 Wedgwood was able to achieve an even colour in most shades of jasper by applying a surface layer of the required tint to a white body.
Jasper teaware does not seem to have been much made before the death of Bentley in 1780. Its expensive nature made it especially popular for the little sets for one or two people known in the eighteenth century as 'dejeuners' and nowadays as 'cabaret' services. They were used particularly in ladies' dressing-rooms, and were an accepted vehicle for delicate extravagance. For wares of this kind Wedgwood realised that scenes from classical mythology would not be sufficiently informal and intimate. Domestic groups and scenes from popular novels like Laurence Sterne's 'A Sentimental Journey' and Goethe's 'The Sorrows of the Young Werther' were the answer.
Their designers were women: Lady Elizabeth Templetown (_PHONE_), Miss Emma Crewe (active 1787 - 1818), and Lady Diana Beauclerk (_PHONE_) who had been born Lady Diana Spencer and was an ancestress of Diana, Princess of Wales. These were Society ladies - Lady Templetown was one of the ladies of the Queen's Bed Chamber - and their drawings were translated into relief models by Wedgwood's resident modeller William Hackwood (_PHONE_).


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The development of accurate digital measurement of instantaneous powerduring a pump stroke has made possible a very quick and detailed analysis ofthe efficiency of the pumping system. The efficiency is then used as thebenchmark for determining whether a complete well performance analysis iswarranted from the standpoint of making best use of personnel and economicresources to increase oil production.
In addition, power measurement provides direct information about liftingcost per barrel of fluid and barrel of oil produced, electrical and mechanicalloading of the prime mover, peak power demand, power factor and minimumrequired ratings. These results give operating personnel information regardingpotential problems and give to management a complete picture of thedistribution of pumping costs.
The power measurements are also converted, by the software, to instantaneoustorque and presented as continuous torque curves for the upstroke anddownstroke. This allows determination of the existing level of counterbalanceand provides the most rapid and accurate method for counterbalance adjustmentto achieve lower torque loading on the gear box and reduced energy utilization.One of the principal advantages of this balancing method is that counterbalanceadjustment can be made without need for an accurate description of the pumpingunit's geometry which is often unknown or inaccurate. The effect ofcounterweight displacement on torque and power is observed immediately byrepeating the power measurement after relocating the counterweights.
This paper presents a series of case studies showing the Application ofpower measurement to a variety of pumping systems and components, includingconventional, Mark II, Rotaflexunits and high efficiency motors.


Scoring system
Jump to: navigation, search
The scoring system is the logic used by Metascore software to evaluate proposals and perhaps also a users reputation system.
This is a preliminary description of how the scoring system will work. As Metascore develops, this may change substantially.
Proposal scoring
Proposals and debate
Anyone can make a proposal within a community, and for each proposal there is a debate. Each debate consists of posts by users, either in response directly to a proposal, or in response to other posts. Each post may be rated by any user as they please. Presentation of posts can be filtered by different factors, among them the rating they are given by the community. There is no limit on the number of proposals for any particular issue, nor on the complexity or simplicity of a proposal.
How proposals become policies
Each proposal is scored by users, if they wish to do so. Users may assign positive or negative scores to proposals, and may assign synthesis scores (see below). A proposal becomes and remains remains policy for as long as it can maintain a consensus score and is not contradicted by a law from a higher government (as decided by the courts of that higher government). In order to prevent overly-frequent transitions in policies, once a policy attains a consensus score, the threshold for removing the consensus score is raised somewhat (Schmitt trigger).
Synthesis scoring
In addition to scoring proposals, users may also provide a synthesis score in relation to two or more other proposals. The synthesis score reflects how effectively (in their opinion) the proposal synthesizes the other proposals, providing a proposal which they feel addresses the conflicting concerns of the proponents of the other proposals. In the consensus scoring, below, a synthesizing proposal effectively "steals" points from the proposals that it synthesizes.
Consensus scoring
A consensus score is a formula consisting of the positive and negative scores assigned to a proposal, and any synthesis scores applied to or against that proposal. Each of these scores is weighted by each user casting the scores. The formula for determining the consensus score will be crafted such that a proposal which does not have significant support from the community will not become a policy. To become a policy, a proposal must have a significantly higher score for it than against it, and must not be significantly synthesized by another proposal.
User scoring
Note that there has been significant dispute over the utility of user scoring. We will accommodate user scoring in early versions of Metascore and see what sort of effect it has when used in real-world systems.
User score
Each user has an overall sum score, which starts with a base score and is modified by ratings of one's posts, ratings of one's self, one's ratings of others, and various weighting factors. A user who registers as an individual person (as opposed to an anonymous e-mail address) is granted a very large multiplier bonus. Validated registration will not be possible until guiding nonprofit organizations are created and funded.
Post score
Each message one posts is scored by readers of the post who wish to score it. Those scores are then weighted by the reader's own overall score, and the reader's score in that topic and region.
Community factor
Each user has a score factor for each community. Being a registered member of a community gives one a large bonus in that community. Each post one makes in a community gives one a small bonus in that community, weighted by ratings of one's posts in that community.
General features of scores
User rating is essentially the quantification of trust. Similarly, item rating is essentially the quantification of support. Interest (in contrast to support) can be calculated by summing the number of users watching the debate. Ratings may have the following properties:
Ratings are static
Whenever anything is scored, all variables are calculated by their present values. A later change in a value does not affect that score. For example, if a reader with a low score rates a post, then later that reader accrues a much higher score; their rating of that post does not change with their own score. They can, however, re-rate a post, which would then override their previous rating.
Time deprecation
Each score degrades over time such that one tenth of the original score is subtracted each year, and after ten years, the score is removed entirely. The math for this subtraction will be constructed such that a diminishing score does not negatively impact a rating; only that it counts less and less as time progresses. Users may re-cast any score, which resets this deprecation.
Procedure for discussions.
Resolution: None.
Deadline: None.
Title: Metascore's scoring system
Author: Metagovernment
(Explanation of the problem.)
 - This very issue exposes a weakness in all of the current proposals; regardless of whether it's weighted or not, each proposes a simple yes or no. However, not all issues (notably including this very one) can simply be relegated to yes or no. In such an example (which may happen more often than not), we might instead allow voters to rank the 9 proposals, or their favorite three. Or, in another hypothetical, they might answer "Of the available US$50000, how much should we allocate to purchasing the new playground equipment?" and vote with their dollars. --Aaronwinborn 02:04, 7 May 2009 (UTC)
 - The problem with ranking available proposals is that they have to first be organized, ie: there needs to be some logical grouping of proposals within which the proposals are comparable. That kind of structure lends itself very easily to this kind of issue (what type of scoring system) but not very well to a more general question (should we raise taxes). It's possible to organize proposals by tag, and we could even have an 'issue' or 'problem' tag that organizes proposals by the problem meant to be solved, but, as with many things, each proposal will likely be an attempt to solve several problems at once (perhaps to their detriment). And, if a proposal has a very high rating with respect to one problem but a low rating with respect to another, it may be hard to tease out which components of a proposal are positive and which can be thrown. Leading to the possibility of someone taking a proposal apart into pieces (all related to the same question) in which a user may rate variations of the same proposal very similarly. It might be useful to impose some kind of structure on the proposals -- like, perhaps, have proposal-like objects that serve no function other than to identify a problem or issue. Users can vote on these 'issues' as to their relative importance. This would have the benefit of soliciting proposals with a purpose, organizing content, and allowing people to brainstorm collectively before a good solution is known. It would also facilitate a greater variety of scoring mechanisms, like that Aaron mentions above. At the same time, not every proposal would lend itself to this kind of structure, and so the structure may become limiting. Thoughts? --Jacki Buros 20:04, 11 June 2009 (UTC)
Proposal 1
Title: Nuanced, recursive scoring
Author: Ed Pastore
Users and proposals would each have a score in relation to each tag assigned to them. The score is an amalgam of the scores given to the proposal or user by other users. This is the original mechanism proposed on the Metagovernment website.
Users can assign a score of anywhere from -10 to 10 (where 0 is equivalent to a vote of "present" for quorum purposes).
Possible advantages and disadvantages of this system are presented below.
Builds consensus, scales well
In a system where there can be many, many competing proposals all attempting to address a single issue, users need a way to give nuanced support for proposals. If users are restricted to only voting for or against each proposal, then they either have to only vote for the proposals they feel are the very best, or they have to vote for many proposals, including ones they do not really like. Both scenarios create barriers to consensus.
User scoring allows increased participation
If users themselves do not have scores, then again people are restricted to on/off states. People either are fully allowed to participate in a community, or may not participate at all.
If instead users have nuanced user scores, then everyone can be allowed to participate in every discussion, and the user scores can act as a mechanism for mediating participation. Otherwise, how would a convicted criminal be allowed to participate in a community? Do they have to be completely excluded, or can they just be given a low score? Likewise, how can small children be allowed to participate in their community? Do we have to use an arbitrary cutoff like the age of 18? With a nuanced user score, absolutely everyone can participate, and the scoring system provides a natural balance to that participating.
 - Though a problem with a -10/+10 score would be does a final talley of 1 pass a measure where 10,000,000 voted -1 and 5,000,000 voted +2 with the tie breaker of +1? --Aaronwinborn 01:47, 7 May 2009 (UTC)
This issue is less problematic as the trust network becomes interconnected/robust and where voting is mapped to level of personal commitment (see logarithmic suggestion below). But at some level, with whatever voting system, there is no getting around the wildly swinging balance at the center of a deeply polarized issue. (Such behavior should be an automatic flag to send the proposal to a synthesis area for further review.) Marcos 02:11, 20 October 2009 (UTC)
 - Suggest logarithmic voting is more natural (and scales better) than linear (although it should be noted that many voting systems often describe and


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a typical SoDIMM.
The SoDIMM package proved so compelling it has been adapted for SDRAM modules. The SDRAM SoDIMMs are slightly longer than those used by older technologies, measuring 2.67 inches (67.6 millimeters) long.
As with full-size DIMMs, SDRAM SoDIMMs come in two physically incompatible styles for SDR and DDR.
SDR SoDIMMs have 144 contacts on their edge connectors. DDR modules have 200. Each style of SoDIMM has a single notch, but the position of the notch is different for SDR and DDR modules. With SDR modules, the notch is only slightly offset from the center; with DDR modules, the notch is near one edge (the pin 1 side) of the module. Figure 16.7 shows the difference in the notches used by the two varieties of SDRAM modules.
|[ Team LiB ]|


Jam Fest Rhythm & Beats
Throughout the ages, music and rhythmic sounds have been a binding agent of all people. JamFEST strikes a chord with everyone. A popular conference energizer, this 45 to 90-minute event gets your teams moving, shaking and jamming in harmony. No previous experience or musical ability is needed.
Boom Sticks, Rubber Gloves, GoGo Bells, Jug Drums and Congas are all provided. It's not long before the rhythm buids and team members are jamming together, creating, changing and expressing their inate musical talents.
Boom Sticks are lightweight, hollow, color-coded, plastic tubes, finely tuned to musical pitches by length. They produce "floating, ethereal type" musical tones when struck together, against the hand, the floor, or nearly any other surface. Boom Sticks are often used by performance artists to add an element of spectacle and by educators to teach the concepts in rhythm, harmony, and melody.


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Why is it difficult to hold a school bag having a strap made of a thin and strong string?
It is difficult to hold a school bag having a thin strap because the pressure on the shoulders is quite large. This is because the pressure is inversely proportional to the surface area on which the force acts. The smaller is the surface area; the larger will be the pressure on the surface. In the case of a thin strap, the contact surface area is very small. Hence, the pressure exerted on the shoulder is very large.
- Thrust and Pressure - Pressure in Fluids


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Three approaches for construction of a surrogate model of a result field consisting of multiple physical quantities are presented. The first approach uses direct interpolation of the result space on the input space. In the second and third approaches a Singular Value Decomposition is used to reduce the model size. In the reduced order surrogate models, the amplitudes corresponding to the different basis vectors are interpolated. A quality measure that takes into account different physical parts of the result field is defined. As the quality measure is very cheap to evaluate, it can be used to efficiently optimize hyperparameters of all surrogate models. Based on the quality measure, a criterion is proposed to choose the number of basis vectors for the reduced order models. The performance of the surrogate models resulting from the three different approaches is compared using the quality measure based on a validation set. It is found that the novel criterion can effectively be used to select the number of basis vectors. The choice of construction method significantly influences the quality of the surrogate model.
- Multiphysical field
- Proper orthogonal decomposition
- Surrogate model
- Truncation criterion


What's an operating procedure?
Operating procedures are written instructions that list the steps for a given task and describe how the steps are to be performed. Operating procedures are normally used to control activities that are routinely and non-routinely performed by operators.
Operating procedures are required to safely start-up, operate, and shut down processes, including emergency shutdown. Operating procedures complement safe work and asset integrity procedures.
Without written procedures, a facility may not have the intended procedures and methods used by each operator or consistently execute a particular task in an intended manner. Procedures should be updated and reviewed periodically to ensure that they remain valid.
Some of the examples of processes which require operating procedures:
 - Initial start-up
 - Normal operations
 - Temporary operations
 - Emergency shutdown
 - Emergency operations
 - Normal shutdown
 - Start-up after a turnaround or emergency shutdown
Operating procedures help to ensure that everyone understands their roles/responsibilities in the task and maximizes the efficiency of work processes.
Here is an example of a Troubleshooting Flowchart
Procedures should be written in a universal language whereby everyone will be able to understand. Not only that, but procedures should also have sufficient details written so that a qualified worker can understand consistently and successfully perform the task.


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How does this metaphor contribute to the overall meaning "He came alive to me, delivered suddenly from the womb of his purposeless splendor"
This is from The Great Gatsby Chapter 4 ending
1 Answer | Add Yours
This is a quote by Nick as he regarded the information that Jordan just gave him. She told him that Gatsby bought the house he bought to be near Daisy. She has also told him the story of how Daisy and Jay met and how it came to be that Daisy married Tom rather than Jay. This quote contributes to the overall meaning of the story because Jay Gatsby was born suddenly; that is, the man was born James Gatz and only suddenly became Jay Gatsby when Dan Cody asked him his name years before. Jay recreated himself not just then, but later, in the years following the war and before the start of the story. When Jay and Daisy parted as Jay left for war, Jay was poor. He worked hard to re-invent himself as a wealthy man. It is therefore somewhat ironic that Nick sees this information as a sort of "birth" for his understanding of Jay Gatsby. Furthermore, this quote contributes to the overall meaning because of the words "purposeless splendor". Waste, in many forms, is one of the themes of the story and the word "purposeless" is a word about waste. Of course, "splendor" describes the lifestyles enjoyed by the Buchanans and by Jay Gatsby.
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Hornussen - Where the Nouss flies from the ramp and into the playing field.
At first glance, Hornussen appears to be a mixture of golf and baseball - and yet it is much more – it is a typically Swiss sport with a tradition reaching back to the 16th century.
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In order to expel spirits it used to be the custom to hit burning logs down from the mountain and into the valley. The sport of Hornussen is supposed to have originated from this ancient tradition and is a team game played by all ages without there being a basic social structure in place.
How the game is played
The batting team has to hit the Nouss (a kind of disk or puck) as far as possible into the opponent's area. The defending team has to stop the approaching Nouss as soon as possible by using a shingle or catch board. Usually two turns are played, and each turn, each team hits once and defends once. Each turn, every single player hits twice with three attempts. A game has no set length, and it takes about three to four hours to play two bouts. The team with the smallest number of penalisation points wins – i.e. having the smallest number of failed interceptions. In addition to the team rankings, the Swiss championships and festive occasions also provide for the ranking of individual strikers.
The Hornuss
The Hornuss or Nouss was originally a disk made of wood or horn which was hit into the playing field. There are several interpretations of the meaning of the word Hornuss and all refer to the "hornet-like" buzzing sound made by the Nouss. Measurements taken by the Biomechanical Institute at the ETH Zurich have shown that the Hornuss can reach speeds of up to 85 m/s (306 km/h), a cruising altitude of 50 to 70 metres and a flight range of up to 330 metres.
A betting game
When the game of Hornussen started, the losing party had to pay for afternoon refreshments after the match. Today, instead, bets are taken on the outcome, and are usually between 50 and 100 francs per game. Bets are also customary when the game is played on a friendly basis, which is why it is called a betting game. It is also common for individual players of similar skill levels to wager a beer on the number of points gained.
When Hornussen was first played, it was mainly a game for young single farmers. They met in the late summer / autumn to play on harvested fields against farmers from other villages. It is reported that such events enabled the players to pit their strength against each other and to regulate disputes between villages. Despite playful attempts at arbitration, the Hornussen games were often followed by wild brawls. The first written records of the Hornussen are found in church records from the 16th and 17th century, and the first known competitive Hornussen game took place in 1655 in Trub. In the late 19th century, a Hornussen association was formed and rules were set. In 1902, the national governing body (Eidgenössischer Hornusserverband) was founded. This national association and its regional sub-organisations organise the championships for the various leagues, the three-yearly national Hornussen festival, and the Hornussen matches at the national wrestling and Alpine festival as well as at other festivals.
Hornussen today
Hornussen is mainly played in the Mittelland cantons of Bern, Solothurn and Aargau. Hornussen enjoys popularity to this day, and despite the huge range of different sports on offer, is a great success – a success also explained by the close links between the sporting and traditional elements. In 2011 there were around 270 Hornussen groups with some 8,300 players organised in four special purpose associations and societies and affiliated with the national governing body.
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text: This work deals with the plasma-deposition of allyl methacrylate (AMA) and acrylic acid (AA) on metallic substrates. The plasma setup used is an atmospheric pressure radio frequency (RF) torch. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used as characterization tools. In addition, spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) has been used to control the thickness and calculate the corresponding deposition rates. Whereas the surface chemistry of plasma deposited AMA does not seem to be influenced by the plasma power, acrylic acid based coatings are strongly degraded with the increasing power. AMA seems to allow an efficient polymerization, while at the same time is particularly resistant to plasma induced fragmentation in the range of power used.


8.12.5 Examining Thread Information Thread Command Values General Thread States Delayed-Insert Thread States Query Cache Thread States Replication Master Thread States Replication Slave I/O Thread States Replication Slave SQL Thread States Replication Slave Connection Thread States MySQL Cluster Thread States Event Scheduler Thread States
When you are attempting to ascertain what your MySQL server is doing, it can be helpful to examine the process list, which is the set of threads currently executing within the server. Process list information is available from these sources:
Access to threads does not require a mutex and has minimal impact on server performance. INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST and SHOW PROCESSLIST have negative performance consequences because they require a mutex. threads also shows information about background threads, which INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST and SHOW PROCESSLIST do not. This means that threads can be used to monitor activity the other thread information sources cannot.
Each process list entry contains several pieces of information:


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260Q Qualatex - White (100/bag)
Professional quality balloons for shaping into animals and flowers. Great for parties, fairs and festivals.
The size 260 refers to 2 inches diameter and 60 inches length when inflated. This is the most common size used by balloon artists, clowns etc for making balloon animals, swords etc
100 balloons per bag
Balloons arrive uninflated
NOTE: Latex Balloon Colors are NOT the same uniflated and inflated. They are usually a darker color before they are blown-up.
LATEX BALLOON WARNING! Choking Hazard. Children under 8 years can choke or suffocate on uninflated or broken balloons. Adult supervision required. Keep uninflated balloons from children. Discard broken balloons at once.


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Impact Dynamics of Granular Jets with Noncircular Cross Sections
When a collimated stream, or jet, impacts a target, the
resulting spreading profile contains the signature of interactions among
the constituent particles, whether they are sub-atomic particles, molecules in
a liquid, or grains in a granular material. At the Chicago MRSEC, Jaeger,
Nagel, and Zhang investigated the impact of granular jets with noncircular
cross-sections, mimicking off-center collisions of subatomic particle beams.
Our results demonstrate how liquid-like behavior and collective hydrodynamic
flow emerge from strongly interacting discrete particles. These findings
resemble those from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, where similar anisotropic
ejecta from a quark-gluon plasma have been observed in heavy-ion impact and
where the degree of anisotropy can similarly be controlled by the jet aspect


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evaluates expr with intermediate expressions in evaluation chains included on the stack.
- The Wolfram System normally includes only the latest expression on each evaluation chain involved in the evaluation of a particular expression. Inside StackComplete, however, all preceding expressions on the evaluation chains are included.
- StackComplete typically increases significantly the number of expressions kept on the evaluation stack.
Introduced in 1991


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How do you turn a surface into a solid?
Converting Surface into Solid using Trim Surface
- First I'll activate the Trim Surface tool from Insert > Surface > Trim Surface.
- For the Create Solid option to become available you will typically use the Mutual Trim option as you'll trim the existing surfaces removing the excess to create the closed volume.
How do you fill a solid in Autocad?
To Turn On or Off the Display of Solid Fills
- Click View tab User Interface panel. Find.
- In the Options dialog box, Display tab, under Display Performance, click or clear Apply Solid Fill.
- To display your changes, click View menu Regen.
How do you make a solid line in Autocad?
Your best bet and easiest way to make the object into a 3D solid at this point is to:
- Use the "Join" command to join sections of lines together into closed polylines,
- Use the"Extrude" command on all closed polylines, extruding them further than the extents of the shape you want.
How do you thicken a surface in SolidWorks?
To thicken a surface:
- Click Thicken on the Features toolbar, or click Insert > Boss/Base > Thicken.
- Under Thicken Parameters, do the following: In the graphics area, select a Surface to Thicken . Examine the preview, and select the side of the surface you want to thicken, as shown below. …
- Click OK . Original surface.
How do you convert an imported surface to a solid in SolidWorks?
To start this process just Right Click on any of the imported surfaces in the Feature Tree then select Attempt to Heal All. This may take some time to complete but once again this may resolve some issues and reduce the amount of work needed to turn your surface body into a solid.
How do you fill a 3d solid in AutoCAD?
Here are the steps:
- First set the layer that you want to use for your solid fill. …
- On the Home tab in the Draw panel, click Hatch. …
- In the Pattern panel, choose Solid.
- If you have one closed area, you can just click inside it to pick an internal point. …
- Press Enter to end the HATCH command.
What is solid fill?
Solid Fill is material excavated at jobsites and trucked directly to you or stockpiled at our pit location to be reloaded. This is inert material but the consistency varies quite a bit. It may be sandy, it may be all clay and it may have some remnants of the jobsite still in it.
Why Hatch is not working in AutoCAD?
Make sure the hatch layer is turned on and not frozen. Under Options/ Display, make sure the box next to "apply solid fill" is checked and then Click on "Apply" and "OK. Turn on the hatch quick preview and fill mode (see Hatch preview does not appear for a selected area in AutoCAD).
Which mode allows users to draw 90 straight lines?
How do you change from 2d to 3d in Autocad?
Click the "Extrude" button; then click a shape of your 2-D model that you want to turn into a block form, as opposed to a cylindrical or spherical form. Press "Enter." The shape you selected will expand into 3-D space and the top of the box formed from the shape will stick to your cursor.
How do I convert 3d face to 3d in Autocad?
- Enter CONVTOSURFACE on the command line.
- Select the face that you want to convert.
- Enter THICKEN on the command line.
- Select the surface.
- Enter a thickness value for the selected surface on the command line.
- When prompted, choose whether or not to erase the defining surface.
What is use of thicken surface in surface modeling?
Thicken features use predetermined surface features or quilt geometry to either add or remove thin material sections in your designs. The surface features or quilt geometry provide you with greater flexibility within your design and enable you to transform that geometry to better meet your design needs.
How do you knit a surface in Solidworks?
To knit surfaces:
- Click Knit Surface on the Surfaces toolbar, or click Insert > Surface > Knit. Create adjacent, non-intersecting surfaces.
- In the PropertyManager, under Selections: …
- Select Gap Control to view edge pairs that might introduce gap problems, and to view or edit the knitting tolerance or gap range. …
- Click OK .


This Sea Slug Looks Like A Day-Glo Sheep And Can Photosynthesize Its Own Food
Recently, we told you about jorunna parva, a sea slug that bears an uncanny resemblance to a bunny. Now, there's another adorable slug to check out.
Costasiella kuroshimae is a tiny species of sea slug that is commonly known as Kuroshima's Avrainvillea Slug. It's named after the island in Japan where it was first discovered and described.
But a more accurate (and cuter) name might be Sea Sheep.
Jim Lynn
Costasiella kuroshimae is tiny, growing to just 5 mm in length. The slug's antennae resemble a sheep's ears.
T. Djauw
After their initial discovery in Japan, the creatures have also been spotted by scientists in Indonesia and the Philippines.
Jim Lynn
Just like sheep, costasiella kuroshimae are vegetarians. They feed on marine algae.
Jim Lynn
But the most amazing thing about these psychedelic "sheep" is that they're able to photosynthesize food, just like plants.
Johnny Chiu
Normally, aside from plants, only single-cell animals are capable of photosynthesis. But the slug uses a process known as kleptoplasty to extract the chloroplasts from its food and incorporate them into its own body.
Randi Ang
Basically, it's an adorable, tiny, solar-powered underwater sheep.
Lynn Wu
See it in action below:
[youtube id="49k1lEXxbkA"]


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- Modern Arabic name for a site in Nubia, Greek name Pachoras, south of Abu Simbel in modern Sudan. The earliest remains appear to date to the Meroitic Period, as blocks of Thutmose III found here are now known to have been reused from Buhen. The most extensive period of occupation dates to the Coptic Period and includes several churches and a cathedral with frescoes. The site was briefly excavated in 1905 by an expedition from the University of Pennsylvania, from 1910–1913 by Francis L. Griffith for the University of Oxford, from 1960–1962 by the Sudan Antiquities Service, and from 1961–1964 by a Polish expedition that discovered the cathedral and much inscriptional evidence. The area was flooded in 1964 by Lake Nasser, the lake formed by the waters of the Aswan High Dam. The frescoes were rescued and divided between the National Museums in Khartoum and Warsaw.Historical Dictionary Of Ancient Egypt by Morris L. Bierbrier
Ancient Egypt. A Reference Guide. EdwART. 2011.


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This park is closed due to extensive damage to the Florida Keys from Hurricane Irma.
Preserving a patch of tropical forest surrounding a quarry opened in 1908, Windley Key Fossil Reef Geological State Park showcases the uniqueness of the Florida Keys in both botany and geology, with vast slabs of coral frozen in stone awaiting your inspection.
Location: MM 84.9, Windley Key
Fees: $2.50 per person. Additional $2 for guided tour.
Open: Thu-Mon 9-5. Education Center open Fri-Sun 9-5, with tours offered at 10 and 2.
Fossilized coral, sliced and polished, graces the exterior of buildings throughout South Florida, including the grand estate Vizcaya in Miami and the Miami and Key West post offices. Its source? This long time quarry opened in 1908 by Henry Flagler during construction of the Overseas Railroad. It was first used for crushed limestone for the railroad bed, but by 1912, slabs of decorative stone were sliced from these quarry walls.
In the 1980s, the site was threatened by condo development. Local residents stepped up to the plate to preserve the remaining 30 acres of tropical hammock and historic quarries. The park has an excellent visitor center to interpret the unique history, botany, and geology of the site, and its trails interpret the fossil corals found in the walls of the quarry.
Tag along on a ranger-led guided tour Fri-Sun at 10 AM and 2 PM. Bring your birding life list! A stroll through this tropical forest not only yields a wide variety of strange tropical plum trees but offers the possibility of seeing mangrove cuckoo and white-crowned pigeon.
Explore the park
- Florida's toxic trees - Southeast Florida is home to two poisonous trees, the poisonwood and the manchineel. Learn how to recognize them so you don't get too close, and find out how truly dangerous they are.
- Windley Key Hammock Trail - More than 30 acres of tropical hammock surround a geological centerpiece of a coral rock quarry at Windley Key Geologic State Park near Islamorada.


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What is a Rule?
A rule is a function or action that enables dynamic form content. An example would be a barcode rule, where a unique barcode is created for each form based on a number that changes like an order number or sales order number.
If not contained within a parent element like a table cell, both constants and rules can be clicked and dragged to any location in the form, independent of the flow of the document.
Adding a Rule: 1D Barcode
1. Right Click –> Add Rule –> 1D Barcode.
2. Name the Rule, select the variable to base the barcode on.
3. Select Barcode color, size and type.
4. The result is a barcode that's value is linked to a variable and will change as the variable changes.