RData.FromBinary
D
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The M Code Behind the Power Query M function RData.FromBinary
Understanding RData
Before we dive into the M code behind RData.FromBinary, it's important to understand what RData is. R is a programming language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics. It is widely used among statisticians and data scientists for data analysis, data visualization, and machine learning.
RData is a file format used by R to store data objects. It is a binary format that is optimized for storage and retrieval of large datasets. RData files can contain a variety of data objects, including data frames, lists, matrices, and vectors.
Using RData.FromBinary
The RData.FromBinary function in Power Query allows users to read RData files into Power Query for further manipulation and analysis. The function takes a single argument, which is the path and filename of the RData file to be read.
Here is an example of how to use RData.FromBinary to read an RData file into Power Query:
let
Source = RData.FromBinary("C:Datamydata.RData")
in
Source
This code will read the file "mydata.RData" located in the "C:Data" folder into Power Query.
The M Code Behind RData.FromBinary
Behind the scenes, the RData.FromBinary function uses M code to read the binary data from the RData file and convert it into a Power Query table. Here is the M code that is generated when the RData.FromBinary function is used:
let
Source = Binary.Buffer(File.Contents("C:Datamydata.RData")),
BinaryData = Source,
RawData = Binary.Buffer(BinaryData),
RObject = R.Invoke("load", RawData),
OutputTable = RObject{[Name="mydata"]}[Value]
in
OutputTable
Let's break down this code line by line:
'Source = Binary.Buffer(File.Contents("C:Datamydata.RData"))' - This line reads the binary data from the RData file and stores it in a binary buffer.
'BinaryData = Source' - This line assigns the binary buffer to a new variable called "BinaryData".
'RawData = Binary.Buffer(BinaryData)' - This line converts the binary data into a raw binary buffer.
'RObject = R.Invoke("load", RawData)' - This line invokes the R function "load" on the raw binary buffer, which loads the R data objects contained in the file into memory.
'OutputTable = RObject{[Name="mydata"]}[Value]' - This line extracts the data frame called "mydata" from the R object and converts it into a Power Query table.
Customizing RData.FromBinary
The RData.FromBinary function can be customized to suit your specific needs. For example, you can specify the name of the data frame to be extracted using the "Name" parameter in the last line of the M code:
let
Source = RData.FromBinary("C:Datamydata.RData", [Name="mydata"])
in
Source
You can also modify the M code to perform additional data transformations on the table after it has been read into Power Query. For example, you could add a step to filter the data based on a specific condition:
let
Source = RData.FromBinary("C:Datamydata.RData"),
FilteredTable = Table.SelectRows(Source, each [Column1] > 0)
in
FilteredTable
This code reads the RData file into Power Query and then filters the table to only include rows where the value in "Column1" is greater than 0.
The RData.FromBinary function in Power Query is a powerful tool for reading and manipulating binary data files in RData format. By understanding the M code behind this function, you can customize it to suit your specific data transformation needs and unlock even more value from your data.
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text:
The echo box performs exactly as its name implies. If you tap out a rhythm on the lid, it will tap the same thing back to you. Except it isn't tapping to make the sound, but vibrating.
The concept is similar to the Knock Block. In that hack, a piezo element detected a rapping on the wooden enclosure and repeated the rhythm by striking the lid with a solenoid. This iteration also uses a piezo element as the sensor. In the image above you can see a segment of PVC pipe in the upper corner. That houses the element, sandwiched between two pieces of wine bottle cork. That cork just touches the lid of the box, transferring the vibrations to the element.
The sound is created by a motor with an offset weight on its spindle. When the motor spins, it causes vibrations. The enclosure is one wood box inside of another, so the vibrating motor cause the inner box to shake against the outer one to make noise. Hear it for yourself in the clip after the break.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Inside Qt meta Object
In this article we will discuss how and why we use meta-object in Qt.
The word meta indicates that the word prefixed is about itself. So a meta-object is an object describing the object. QT Meta-Object Compiler, moc, is the program that handles Qt's C++ extensions.The moc reads C++ source files, if it finds one or more class declarations that contain the Q_OBJECT macro, it produces another C++ source file which contains the meta object code for those classes and those are automatically included by build system.
A meta-object contains information about a class that inherits QObject, e.g. class name, super class name, properties, signals and slots. Every QObject subclass that contains the Q_OBJECT macro will have a meta-object. Following code declares MyQTClass which has a property declared by Q_PROPERTY macro. This will allow us to update the property in several ways.
class MyQTClass : public QObject
Q_PROPERTY(int Myage READ Age WRITE setAge)
void setAge(int aAge);
// test code
MyQTClass *myinstance = new MyQTClass;
QObject *object = myinstance;
myinstance->setAge(100); // using setter function
myinstance->setProperty("Myage", 100); //using property
int retage =myinstance->Age(); // retage should be 100
bool b = object->setProperty("Myage", v); // b is true since we have a Myage property
b = object->setProperty("aVariable", v); // b is not true
QVariant test = object->property("Myage");
b = test.isValid(); // b is true
QVariant wrong = object->property("aVariabdfhdfgle");
b = wrong.isValid(); // b is not true
const QMetaObject *metaobject = object->metaObject();
QString classname(metaobject->className()); // classname shoudl be "MyQTClass"
int count = metaobject->propertyCount(); // number of Property
for (int i=0; iproperty(i);
const char *name = metaproperty.name(); // property name should come from MyQTClass + QObject
In the above code,at the very top of the class declaration we find the Q_OBJECT macro. It is important that this macro appears first in the body of the class declaration because it marks the class as a class that needs a meta-object. In the case of Qt, meta-objects are instances of the class. It means that the above code goes into a file called MyQTClass.h. The implementation goes into MyQTClass.cpp, and the moc generates another C++ file from the header file called moc_MyQTClass.cpp. The contents from the generated file can change between Qt versions.
The full source code presented in this article is available here File:InsidePro.zip

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Export Import Scenarios
You are here: Administrators Reference > Exporting and Importing Objects > Export/Import Scenarios
Export/Import Scenarios
In a typical Development server - Authoring server environment you:
 1. Create and test an object on a Development Server.
 2. Export the object.
 3. Import the object to the Authoring Server.
Later, if you change the original object and want to push changes to the site(s) using your object, you would:
 1. Re-export the object from the Development Server
 2. Re-import the object into the sites on your Authoring Server where the object was originally imported.
You might also want to use an object developed by a third-party. In that case, you would:
 1. Download the export packet from the third-party.
 2. Import the object into the desired site(s) on your Development Server.
 3. Test the object.
 4. Import the object into the desired site(s) on your Authoring Server.
Before importing or exporting, please note the following:
ADF (Application Development Framework) Considerations: When importing a Custom Element that includes custom field types or render handlers housed within the ADF, CommonSpot checks to see if the ADF is installed and stops the import if it does not find it. If you are using the CommonSpot Application Development Framework, check that both your web server mapping and the ADF directory are named ADF (all caps).
Path Considerations: Although you can specify any logical path for render handler modules, and export them or Custom Elements containing them to any logical server path, CommonSpot expects import modules to contain site-relative path locations and cannnot properly handle import packets unless the file references they contain are site-relative.
Related Links
For technical support:


text:
etd AT Indian Institute of Science >
Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences >
Civil Engineering (civil) >
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Title: ||Stabilised Rammed Earth For Walls : Materials, Compressive Strength And Elastic Properties|
|Authors: ||Kumar, Prasanna P|
|Advisors: ||Reddy, B V Venkatarama|
|Keywords: ||Structural Analysis (Civil Engineering)|
Cement Stabilised Rammed Earth
Rammed Earth Buildings
Cement Stabilised Rammed Earth Walls
Rammed Earth - Strength
Rammed Earth - Elastic Properties
Soil - Stability
Stabilised Rammed Earth
|Submitted Date: ||Jul-2009|
|Series/Report no.: ||G23519|
|Abstract: ||Rammed earth is a technique of forming in-situ structural wall elements using rigid formwork. Advantages of rammed earth walls include flexibility in plan form, scope for adjusting strength and wall thickness, variety of textural finishes, lower embodied carbon and energy, etc. There is a growing interest in the construction of rammed earth buildings in the recent past. Well focused comprehensive studies in understanding the structural performance of rammed earth structures are scanty. Clear-cut guidelines on selecting soil grading and soil characteristics, assessing strength of rammed earth walls, density strength relationships, limits on shrinkage, standardised testing procedures, behaviour of rammed earth walls under in-plane and out of plane loads, etc are the areas needing attention. The thesis attempts to address some of these aspects of cement stabilized rammed earth for structural walls.
Brief history and developments in rammed earth construction with illustrations of rammed earth buildings are presented. A review of the literature on rammed earth has been provided under two categories: (a) Unstabilised or pure rammed earth and (b) stabilised rammed earth. Review of the existing codes of practice on rammed earth has also been included. Summary of the literature on rammed earth along with points requiring attention for further R&D are discussed. Objectives and scope of the thesis are listed.
The thesis deals with an extensive experimentation on cement stabilised rammed earth (CSRE) specimens and walls. Four varieties of specimens (cylindrical, prisms, wallettes and full scale walls) were used in the experiments. A natural soil and its reconstituted variants were used in the experimental work. Details of the experimental programme, characteristics of raw materials used in the experimental investigations, methods of preparing different types of specimens and their testing procedures are discussed in detail.
Influence of soil grading, cement content, moulding water content, density and delayed compaction on compaction characteristics and strength of cement stabilised soil mixes were examined. Five different soil gradings with clay content ranging between 9 and 31.6% and three cement contents (5%, 8% and 12%) were considered. Effect of delayed compaction (time lag) on compaction characteristics and compressive strength of cement stabilised soils was examined by monitoring the results up to 10 hours of time lag. Influence of moulding water content and density on compressive strength and water absorption of cement stabilised soils was examined considering for a range of densities and water contents. The results indicate that (a) there is a considerable difference between dry and wet compressive strength of CSRE prisms, and the strength decreases as the moisture content at the time of testing increases, (b) wet strength is less than that of dry strength and the ratio between wet to dry strength depends upon the clay fraction of soil mix and cement content, (c) saturated moisture content depends upon the cement content and the clay content of the soil mix, (d) optimum clay percentage yielding maximum compressive strength is about 16%, (e) compressive strength of compacted cement stabilised soil increases with increase in density irrespective of cement content and moulding moisture content, and the strength increases by 300% for 20% increase in density from 15.70 kN/m3, (f) compressive strength of rammed earth is one - third higher than that of rammed earth brick masonry and (g) density decreases with increase in time lag and there is 50% decrease in strength with 10 hour time lag.
Stress-strain relationships and elastic properties of cement stabilised rammed earth are essential for the analysis of CSRE structural elements and understanding the structural behaviour of CSRE walls. Influence of soil composition, density, cement content and moisture on stress-strain relationships of CSRE was studied. Three different densities (15.7 – 19.62 kN/m3) and three cement percentages (5%, 8% and 12% by weight) were considered for CSRE. Stress-strain characteristics of CSRE and rammed earth brick masonry were compared. The results reveal that (a) in dry condition the post peak response shows considerable deformation (strain hardening type behaviour) beyond the peak stress and ultimate strain values at failure (dry state) are as high as 3.5%, which is unusual for brittle materials, (b) modulus for CSRE increases with increase in density as well as cement content and there is 1 to 3 times increase as the cement content changes from 5% to 12%. Similarly the modulus increases by 2.5 to 5 times as the dry density increases from 15.7 to 19.62 kN/m3 and (c) the modulus of CSRE and masonry in dry state are nearly equal, whereas in wet state masonry has 20% less modulus.
Compressive strength and behavior of storey height CSRE walls subjected to concentric compression was studied. The results of the wall strength were compared with those of wallette and prism strengths. The wall strength decreases with increase in slenderness ratio. There is nearly 30% reduction in strength as the height to thickness ratio increases from 4.65 to 19.74. It was attempted to calculate the ultimate compressive strength of CSRE walls using the tangent modulus theory. At higher slenderness ratios, there is a close agreement between the experimental and predicted values. The storey height walls show lateral deflections as the load approaches failure. The walls did not show visible buckling and the shear failure patterns indicate material failure. The shear failures noticed in the storey height walls resemble the shear failures of short height wallette specimens.
The thesis ends with a summary of the results with concluding remarks in the last chapter.|
|Appears in Collections:||Civil Engineering (civil)|
Items in etd@IISc are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


text:
Relaxed Parsing of Regular Approximations of String-Embedded Languages
We present a technique for syntax analysis of a regular set of input strings. This problem is relevant for the analysis of string-embedded languages when a host program generates clauses of embedded language at run time. Our technique is based on a generalization of RNGLR algorithm, which, inherently, allows us to construct a finite representation of parse forest for regularly approximated set of input strings. This representation can be further utilized for semantic analysis and transformations in the context of reengineering, code maintenance, program understanding etc. The approach in question implements relaxed parsing: non-recognized strings in approximation set are ignored with no error detection.
KeywordsString-embedded languages String analysis Parsing Parser generator RNGLR
We thank Dmitri Boulytchev for the scientific guidance and the feedback on this work.
- 1.ISO. ISO/IEC 9075: 1992. Information Technology – Database Languages – SQL (1992)Google Scholar
- 2.Houglan, D., Tavistock, A.: Core JSP, p. 416. Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall PTR (2000)Google Scholar
- 4.Rekers, J.: Parser generation for interactive environments. Ph.D. thesis. University of Amsterdam, 174p (1992)Google Scholar
- 7.Christensen, A.S., Møller, A., Schwartzbach, M.I.: Precise analysis of string expressions. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Static Analysis, pp. 1–18 (2003)Google Scholar
- 9.Annamaa, A., Breslav, A., Vene, V.: Using abstract lexical analysis and parsing to detect errors in string-embedded DSL statements. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Nordic Workshop on Programming Theory, pp. 20–22 (2010)Google Scholar
- 13.Cousot, P., Cousot, R.: Abstract interpretation: a unified lattice model for static analysis of programs by construction or approximation of fixpoints. In: Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, pp. 238–252 (1977)Google Scholar
- 14.Tomita, M.: An efficient all-paths parsing algorithm for natural languages. Carnegie-Mellon University, Department of Computer Science (1984)Google Scholar
- 15.Grigorev, S., Verbitskaia, E., Ivanov, A., Polubelova, M., Mavchun, E.: String-embedded language support in integrated development environment. In: Proceedings of the 10th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference in Russia, pp. 21:1–21:11 (2014)Google Scholar


text:
The objective of this research was to estimate the effect of beef grinding on the accuracy of estimating fat content using a computer-aided video image analysis. Photographs of the analyzed beef trimmings from the fabrication line were taken. Next, each meat sample was ground in a grinder with a plate having 10 mm openings and, again, photographs of the meat ground were taken. Based on the photographs taken, a computer-aided video image analysis was performed. Furthermore, in the meat analyzed, a reference fat content was determined using a standard Soxhlet method. The parameters as determined by the VIA method (i.e. the RGB colour values and the content of white fields – corresponding with the fat and connective tissue) were correlated with fat content determined by a reference method. The results obtained were statistically analyzed and this analysis disclosed significant dependencies between the content of white fields determined by the VIA method and the fat content determined by the Soxhlet method in the case of both the non-ground and the ground meat. The similar values of correlation coefficients referring to the non ground and ground meat allow for the statement that the grinding degree has not a big effect on the accuracy of estimating the fat content therein using the computer-aided video analysis method.
beef, fat, video image analysis

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


"Quinceañera (lit. meaning One (f.) who is fifteen), sometimes called "Fiesta de quince años", "Fiesta de Quinceañera", "Quince años" or simply "quince", is the celebration of a girl's fifteenth birthday in parts of Latin America and elsewhere in communities of people from Latin America." ((From _URL_
"The quinceanera tradition dates back more than 600 years when the Aztec and Maya cultures celebrated the time when a young girl became eligible to marry, have children, and take on the responsibilities of women in the community. Eventually the Spaniards influenced the event and a deeply Catholic connection emerged." ((From _URL_
For information on Quinceañera at St. Clare Parish, please contact:
Monica Herrera


text:
Effects of Gamma Ray as Oxidative Stress on Several Blood Parameters of Male Chickens
Keywords:male chicken, hematological parameters, gamma ray, grape seed oil, free radical
The present work aims to detect the effects of gamma ray radiation emitted from Co-60 on several blood parameters (PCV, Hb, WBCs and RBCs) of male chickens. Also, the potential antioxidant impact of grape seeds oil exposed to cold plasma as a protective material to lower the damage caused by gamma ray was tested for a long time and low dose rate. Healthy male chickens were used in this study which had an age range of 2 to 3 months and a weight range of 1.5 to 2 kg. Animals were kept in plastic cages (100 x 400 x 40 cm dimensions) within humidity and temperature preserved at limited values. Four experimental groups were included; the first was the un-exposed control. The second group was administered with a dose of grape seed extract. The third group was exposed to gamma ray radiation only. The fourth group was administered with a dose of grape seed extract and irradiated with gamma waves. Forty male chickens were used in this work as they were parted and administered with the selected doses. The control group was considered as the first group that contained 10 male chicken without being exposed to waves of gamma rays. The next group also contained 10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/lh at interval 7 hour/day for 20 days as second group. Another group contained 10 male chicken and was dealt with oil of grape seed 400 mg/kg wt) with orally administered dose for 20 days as third group. The fourth group contained 10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/h at interval of 7 hour/day for 20 days and dealt with orally administered dose (400 mg/kg wt) of grape seed oil for the same time. Overall groups (2-4), male chicken number became 30 used for 40.60 days at 7 hours per day. The schedule of work was achieved at 5 Gy/h of radiation equivalent dose with different exposure time for (20 and 40,60 days) on male chicken and at period 7 hours daily. The grape seed extract was bought from local market in Mosul City and filters from impure, as we found significant decrease in ratio of blood factors RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV with increasing of exposure time. This data changes with adding antioxidant materials as (grape seed oil) were the value of blood factors ratio enhancement by increasing the time of dose of these material compared with control group. The blood factors ratio of male chickens change with exposure time, with significant decrease by increasing exposure time, however, the protective material ( grape seed oil ) reduces the change in ratio % of the some blood factors compared with control group.


Rotationplasty is a type of autograft wherein a portion of a limb is removed, while the remaining limb below the involved portion is rotated and reattached. This procedure is used when a portion of an extremity is injured or involved with a disease, such as cancer.
Typically the ankle joint becomes the knee joint. The limb is rotated because the ankle flexes in the opposite direction compared to the knee. The benefit to the patient is that they have a functioning knee joint and can run and jump.
The operation is also called a Van-ness rotation.
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What Is the Difference between an Answering Machine and Voicemail?
G. Wiesen
There are a number of differences between an answering machine and voicemail, though both systems are designed to perform the same basic task. An answering machine is typically a physical device that records messages, either as part of an existing phone or as a separate unit. Voicemail, on the other hand, is a service that allows someone to have messages recorded on a separate server or system, from which the user can then access his or her messages from a remote location. Though designed to accomplish the same goal, an answering machine and voicemail are different in how a person accesses messages, where the messages are stored, and how they can be reached by incoming callers.
Some home telephone systems have a built-in answering machine, which is a physical device to record message.
Some home telephone systems have a built-in answering machine, which is a physical device to record message.
One of the major differences between an answering machine and voicemail is how a person is able to access saved messages. Since an answering machine is a physical device typically located with a phone, someone can usually press a button on the device to hear messages. This type of machine can also potentially be accessed through a remote phone line, though this depends on the model of answering machine. Voicemail, on the other hand, can typically be accessed through phones and computers since it is a remote system, which allows someone to more easily hear his or her messages from just about anywhere.
Some answering machines utilize cassette tapes.
Some answering machines utilize cassette tapes.
This difference in how the two storage methods are accessed is largely based on how messages are stored in these systems. With an answering machine, a message is recorded and stored within the physical device itself. Voicemail, however, provides a service by which a caller is transferred to a separate system in which messages are received and recorded. This means that recorded messages can be accessed directly from an answering machine, while someone has to access an external system to listen to voicemail messages. Though such a difference between an answering machine and voicemail may be negligible for some people, it can raise concerns for others regarding the security of messages in a voicemail system.
The purpose of both an answering machine and voicemail is to allow someone who is calling to leave a message when no one answers the phone. With an answering machine, as long as no one is on the phone line and no one answers, the call is directed to the machine, which then records a message from the caller. Most answering machines, however, cannot record a message from a caller if someone is on the phone and is unable to answer the incoming call. Voicemail systems, however, typically transfer the incoming call to the voicemail server, allowing callers to leave a message even when the recipient is already on the phone when the second call comes in.
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Discussion Comments
Rotergirl
@Pippinwhite -- Here's fun for you. Our office voicemail is horrible. If I want to change my greeting, like if I go on vacation, then I have to change it every time, and change my greeting again when I come back. If I set my voicemail profile to "out of the office," then it rings once and goes straight to voicemail.
This is a problem because the owner knows my number, and that's it. He doesn't know the numbers for anyone else in the building. So if he wants to call and can't get anyone, he gets PO'ed. I wish I could do an "alternate greeting" like I could with our old system, so all I had to do was switch between the two, not re-record the greeting every single time. What a pain!
Pippinwhite
I hate our office voicemail system. If I get a call and can't get to the phone, I can't access the phone number on the Caller ID log. When it goes to voicemail, the number is gone. If they leave a message, I can call them back, but if not, then I have no idea who called.
In this case, an answering machine would be far preferable, so if I miss a call, I can still see it on my Caller ID log. At the very least, we need voicemail that stores the phone numbers. That would be good. The drawback is that you have to play the messages out loud. You can't hear them through the phone handset like you do on voicemail.
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Quick Start
Getting started with using add Point Value Ingest API involves the following steps:
 1. Create an account and a machine user
 2. Create a JSON Web Token (JWT) by using the machine user credentials
 3. Make API requests using the JWT
Note
In the following examples we are:
 1. making use of a Linux/MacOS shell in which environmental variables are set using the export command. In other environments it may be different, e.g. Windows uses the set command instead.
 2. using the curl as a client. But the API can be used in any programming language with an HTTP Client, e.g. Go, Python, NodeJS, Javascript and Java.
Create an account and a machine user
The Getting Started page documents the required steps to get a hold of the clientId, clientSecret and partitionId.
Create a token
Use the values described in the Authorization section to construct the Create Token request.
Example request
export CLIENT_ID=<YOUR_CLIENT_ID>
export CLIENT_SECRET=<YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET>
curl _URL_ \
 -H 'content-type: application/json' \
 -d "{
 \"client_id\":\"$CLIENT_ID\",
 \"client_secret\":\"$CLIENT_SECRET\",
 \"audience\":\"_URL_\",
 \"grant_type\":\"client_credentials\"
 }"
To run this example yourself, set the CLIENT_ID and CLIENT_SECRET first.
Example response
{
 "access_token": "eyJ0eXAiOiUSJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJdGlhbHMifQ.MJpcxLfyOt",
 "token_type": "Bearer",
 "expires_in": 86400
}
The token, or JWT (JSON Web Token), is the value of the access_token property in the response. You can now use it by passing it in the Authorization header of any subsequent API requests. The expires_in property represents the number of seconds your token is valid, usually, the value corresponds to 24 hours. When this time has elapsed you will need to create a new token.
Now you have all you need to start using the API. As a last step of preparation set the token and partitionId as environmental variables.
export PARTITION=<YOUR_PARTITION_ID>
export TOKEN=<YOUR_TOKEN>
Make API requests
This guide will take you through the steps you need to perform to add point values.
Add point values
To add point values, the Post values operation can be used.
Push 1 to 100 values for given point in a batch.
Only one pointValue per millisecond will be stored. PointValues are dropped if there are timestamp conflicts, i.e. if a pointValue with the same timestamp already exists. Example with following pointValues:
 - 2022-07-11T11:11:30.333
 - 2022-07-11T11:11:30.222
 - 2022-07-11T11:11:30.333
 - 2022-07-11T11:11:30.444
The first is accepted (it's the first for time "30.333"). The second is also accepted. The third is dropped because it's the same timestamp as the first. The fourth is accepted again. The indices of dropped pointValues are listed in the response (0-based), in this example there is one conflict with index "2".
If there is no conflict status 204 is returned instead of 202.
Note: Use query parameter overwrite=true to force overwriting of conflicting values.
curl -X 'POST' \
 "_URL_ \
 -H "Accept: application/vnd.api+json" \
 -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
 -H "Content-Type: application/vnd.api+json" \
 -d "{
 \"data\": [
 {
 \"type\": \"PointValue\",
 \"attributes\": {
 \"timestamp\": \"2000-05-11T10:32:54.964Z\",
 \"value\": \"12.66\"
 }
 }
 ]
}"
In the response, you will find the values added for the pointId.
Note
For more details on deprecation policies and common API features such as paging, filtering and errors, refer to the Developer's Guide.
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What is the "Red Watermill" painting by E Thomas?
"Red Watermill" by E. Thomas depicts a red watermill with a stilled wheel and a house with smoke rising from its chimney. A boy and his dog explore the riverbank in the foreground, and a girl herds geese back to the farmyard on the other side of the river.
Edward Kirkbride Thomas, more commonly known as E. Thomas, was an artist who lived from 1817 to 1906. He was born in Philadelphia, and he enlisted in the Army and fought against the Seminole Indians in Florida. He traveled throughout the United States before settling in Detroit, where he died. He is known for his pastoral landscape scenes, and it is unknown if he had any formal artistic training.
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text:
Google is showing Special animated Doodle to celebrate 200th Birthday of Robert Bunsen,the German scientist who developed the Bunsen burner.
Bunsen burner is the laboratory gas burner used by generations of schoolchildren in science lessons.
Google's animated Doodle shows a flame changing colour from blue to purple as a multicoloured chemicals bubble in a series of pots and test tubes while steam flies out of a coffee pot.
Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen was born on March 31, 1811 in Gottingen, Germany.
He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and he discovered caesium and rubidium also.
He is a pioneer in PhotoChemistry also.
Bunsen was one of the most universally admired scientists of his generation. He was a master teacher, devoted to his students.
He never got a patent, despite the fact that his new battery and new laboratory burner would surely have brought him great wealth. And, he never married
You can bookmark this blog for further reading, or you can subscribe to our blog feed.


JAST: WAI-ARIA JavaScript framework
JAST is a powerful JavaScript toolkit written by Diego La Monica that supports the WAI-ARIA standard and technologies in order to make RIAs accessible even to assistive technologies users. In its core, called JAST.src, JAST provides some useful methods to deal with WAI-ARIA attributes. For example:
ARIA: {
 addRole: function(e, role){
 e.setAttribute('role',role);
 },
 setProperty: function(e, property, value){
 if(typeof (property) == 'object'){
 for(p in property){
 e.setAttribute('aria-' + p, property[p]);
 }
 }else{
 e.setAttribute('aria-' + property,value);
 }
 },
 getProperty: function(e, property){
 return e.getAttribute('aria-' + property);
 },
 focusNextNode: function(node){

 var p = node.parentNode;
 if(p==null) return false;
 var nodes = p.childNodes;
 if(node.id==null || node.id=='') node.id = JASTEggIt.generateUniqueId('jast');
 var isCurrent = false;
 for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
 if(nodes[i].nodeType==1){
 if(isCurrent){
 nodes[i].focus();
 return;
 }
 isCurrent = (node.id== nodes[i].id);
 }
 }
 },
 focusPreviousNode: function(node){
 var p = node.parentNode;
 if(p==null) return false;
 var nodes = p.childNodes;
 if(node.id==null || node.id=='') node.id = JASTEggIt.generateUniqueId('jast');

 var previousItem = null;

 for(var i = 0; i<nodes.length; i++){
 if( nodes[i].nodeType==1){ // è un nodo HTML del DOM
 if (node.id== nodes[i].id) {
 if (previousItem == null) return false;
 previousItem.focus();
 return true;
 }
 previousItem = nodes[i];
 }
 }
 if(previousItem!=null) previousItem.focus();
 return true;
 }
 }
The ARIA object contains the following methods:
 1. addRole() - adds an ARIA role attribute
 2. setProperty/getProperty() - getter/setter for ARIA object properties
 3. focusNextNode() - giving focus to a DOM node is a basic requirement when dealing with keyboard navigation; this method gives focus to adiacent nodes
 4. focusPreviousNode() - same as above, except that this method gives focus to a preceding node in the DOM tree.
As you can see, JAST doesn't create a global wrapper for chaining methods and properties (for example, jQuery follows this approach). Instead, it uses a global namespace, so you're not forced to write $(element)[0].method() to use a simple DOM property or method. The approach followed by JAST is much similar to the YUI library's one.
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How to use the Tank Winding Machine correctly?
Home » News » Tank Winding Machine Knowledge » How to use the Tank Winding Machine correctly?
How to use the Tank Winding Machine correctly?
Views:9 Author:Site Editor Publish Time: 2019-07-14 Origin:Site
The tank winding machine is a high-tech composite pipe product with independent intellectual property rights, world leading level, green environmental protection, energy saving and consumption reduction. The can winder is mainly used as a buried drainage pipe, which integrates the rigidity of the steel strip and the corrosion resistance of the polyethylene, low frictional resistance and wear resistance. As the main product of our company, the tank winding machine is sold well at home and abroad, and has been widely used in key projects such as municipal engineering and sewage treatment plants. So do you really understand the HDPE spiral tanks machine? The following article gives you a brief introduction to the correct use of the can winder, its use, and so on. I hope to help you better understand the tank winding machine.
The main points are as follows:
- What is the HDPE spiral tanks machine
- How to use the fuel tank winding machine correctly
- Use of the machine
- In conclusion
What is the tank winding machine
A tank winding machine is a machine that winds a linear object onto a specific workpiece. It is a new type of machine that has been developed in recent years. In order to meet the requirements of high efficiency and high output, fully automatic models generally adopt multi-head linkage design. Most domestic manufacturers refer to imported models from Taiwan and other places. The design uses a programmable controller as the control core of the device, and cooperates with the robot, pneumatic control components and execution accessories to complete the functions of automatic cable arranging, automatic tangling, automatic thread trimming, automatic loading and unloading of the skeleton, etc. Extremely high, greatly reducing the dependence on labor, an operating staff can look after several such equipment at the same time, the production quality is relatively stable, very suitable for processing applications with high production requirements.
How to control the fuel tank winding machine
The tank winding machine not only has precise mechanical components, but also a powerful electrical control system, which integrates electrical control, sensing technology, mechanical transmission, pneumatic devices and other components. The debugging method is more complicated and finer than other electrical processing equipment. More, the following is a brief introduction to the commissioning of the can winding machine, I hope to help everyone.
① Setting of winding position
What is the winding position? Simply speaking, it is the starting point of the winding on the skeleton. This position is closely related to the coil's head and coil type. It can usually be measured by the measuring function of the equipment control system. The specific value of the position; the operator can also measure manually, using the fixed point as the reference point to actually measure with the ruler, and pay attention to the winding direction of the coil when setting this point.
② The enameled wire specification setting
Our common enameled wire has different wire diameters. The correct setting of the enameled wire line will directly affect the effect of the wire. The enameled wire with different materials needs to be added with different wire diameter correction values. The copper wire is not easy to be thinned, and the correction value is added. The aluminum wire of about 0.02 is easily stretched after passing through the tension of the winding device and the wire passing device, and the correction value is larger than 0.02-0.2.
③ The setting of the winding width
The definition of the winding width is the distance from the position where the winding starts to the end position of the winding. Usually, this value directly reflects the length of the winding that the skeleton needs to be wound. When setting, it is necessary to consider the small deformation amount of the skeleton to be used. The effect of the comprehensive measurement method should be taken as the winding width.
Use of the machine
① Widely used in glass products, hardware tools, electronics, electrical appliances, paper, ceramics, chemicals, food, beverages, building materials, etc., HDPE / PP spiral wound cans for palletized goods (eg: using F bulk goods) Container shipping and packaging with bulk pallets can increase logistics efficiency and reduce losses during shipping. It has the advantages of dust, moisture and low packaging costs.
② Suitable for sealed packaging of F-shaped cylindrical products. Suitable for HDPE / PP spiral wound cans in paper, cord fabric, non-woven fabrics and other industries. The rotary table rotates to drive the cylindrical whole rotating goods, and the two power idlers on the turntable drive the white rotation of the cylindrical articles, thereby realizing the winding machine for fully enclosed winding and packaging goods, which can improve the logistics efficiency and reduce the loading process. loss. It has good dust and moisturizing effects.
③ HDPE spiral can machine for paper making, cord fabric, non-woven fabric and other industries, which drives the white rotation of the drum-shaped article through two power idlers on the turntable, and then realizes the winding machine to be wrapped with a radial cylindrical surface. It is suitable for spirally wrapping the circular surface of the drum-like object. It can improve the efficiency of logistics, reduce the loss during the loading process, and has the advantages of dustproof, moisture-proof and low packaging cost.
④ The plastic winding, aluminum profile, sheet, pipe, dyeing and textile industry, the can winder, refers to the rotation of the goods moving evenly on the horizontal plane through the rotating arm system, while adjusting the expansion force of the package. The material is wrapped into a solid whole by a stretching mechanism, and a spiral regular packaging winder is formed on the surface of the object, which can improve packaging efficiency and reduce the loading process. It has the advantages of dust, moisture and low packaging costs.
The above is the role of the tank winding machine in various fields.
In addition, the market development prospects of tank winding machine are also favored by all walks of life. As packaging machinery manufacturers increasingly focus on developing fast, low-cost packaging equipment, equipment is small, flexible, versatile, and efficient. The HDPE spiral tanks machine market is receiving more and more attention in actual production. This trend also includes saving time and reducing costs. Therefore, the packaging industry is pursuing simple and mobile packaging equipment. Our company's tank winding machines and other programs are widely used for automated operation. If you need a suitable tank winder, please consider us.
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Optimizely Knowledge Base
Prepare Optimizely X Web for your site
This article will help you:
 - Set up pages, tags, and events in Optimizely X Web
 - Implement Optimizely X Web to build behaviorally targeted audiences
 - Passively collect baseline analytics for your site before you run your first experiment
In Optimizely X Web, you'll create experiments and campaigns using pages, events, tags, and audiences. Together, these features will help you create, target, and measure the impact of experiences that you deliver to your visitors.
They're reusable and always on. Set them up when you first start using Optimizely X so you can passively collect baseline data, even before you run your first test. When you're ready run experiment or campaigns, your pre-built components will help you set them up quickly.
Set up pages, tags, and events in the Implementation dashboard. For in-depth information about implementing Optimizely X on your site, try our Optimizely Academy course, Implement Optimizely X.
1. Add Pages
Pages are URL templates that let you choose where campaigns and experiments run. They're reusable URL patterns that are always on. You'll use them to tell Optimizely where to deliver experiments, personalized experiences, and recommendations on your site.
What URLs will you use to run experiments and campaigns on your site: your homepage, all product detail pages, a checkout flow? Add pages based on the URL (or pattern of URLs) where you want to test or personalize an experience. Learn to set up a page.
Here's a quick walkthrough:
By default, experiments and campaigns activate immediately after the snippet loads. Sometimes, you may need to set experiments to activate based on the presence of an element on the page, an event, or your custom code. This can be especially helpful if you're using Angular, Backbone, Ember, or Knockout. Here's how set up pages that activate conditionally.
2. Add Events
You can think of events as the "verbs" of Optimizely X. They track the actions that people take on your site, such as clicks, pageviews, form submissions, and purchases. Learn to set up a click, pageview, or custom event.
Here's a quick video walkthrough of setting up an event.
Above, we use Simple Match to create a product detail page for the 5 Panel Camp Cap. To target all product pages, we'd enter the broader URL ( with Substring Match instead.
3. Add Tags
If events are "verbs" such as clicks and pageviews, then tags are "adjectives." They describe key parts of a page that visitors engage with, such as the type of product and what it costs.
If you're using Optimizely X Web Personalization, tags and events provide data-rich picture of your visitors' behavior. Use them together to create behaviorally targeted audiences. Add tags to collect the data that Optimizely uses to render recommendations. Learn to set up a tag.
Here's how to tag a Price element:
4. Add Audiences
Audiences are groups of visitors to whom you'll show an experiment or personalized experience. Do you know which visitor segments are important to your business? Set them up as audiences so you can target them or see how they perform in your results, compared to all visitors. Here's how to set up an audience.
In Personalization, you can also use pages, tags, and audiences together to create a behaviorally targeted audiences. For example, you can target a "Luxury Traveler" audience for visitors who purchased bags over $200 in the last 30 days, using the page, events, and tags above.
Once you've prepared Optimizely X for your site, check out our Optimizely X Web Experimentation and Personalization resource pages for next steps.


What is difference between Agricultural land and Non Agricultural (NA) land?
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1 Answer
A. The main difference is in the FSI (Floor Space Index) i.e. how big house can be constructed on a given piece of land. Normally for agriculture land it is 0.05 (5% )i.e. on a land of 100 sqr meter you can make a house of 5 sqr meter only. NA land FSI is normally much higher at around 0.7 (70%)to 1(100%).
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<dvt:legendText>
legendText legend text
Use the legendText tag to identify a series of data in a graph legend. Text is associated with each marker in the legend.
Relationship with other tags
The legendText tag must be a child of one of the following components: Advanced graph, areaGraph, barGraph, bubbleGraph, comboGraph, dualYBarGraph, dualYComboGraph, dualYLineGraph, funnelGraph, horizontalBarGraph, horizontalStackedBarGraph, pieGraph, paretoGraph, lineGraph, radarGraph, scatterGraph, stackedBarGraph, stockCandleGraph, stockGraph.
The legendText tag can have the following child tag: graphFont tag.
Example
The following example shows the XML for a legendText tag that specifies alignment of text on the left and provides the characteristics of the font to be used.
 <dvt:graph>
 <dvt:legendText horizontalAlignment="LEFT">
 <dvt:graphFont name="SansSerif" size="10" color="#000000" bold="false" italic="false" underline="false"/>
 </dvt:legendText>
 </dvt:graph>

Attributes
Name Type Supports EL? Description
id java.lang.String no Specifies the identifier for the component
horizontalAlignment java.lang.String no Indicates where to position the legend text relative to the associated marker. Valid values are:
 - CENTER
 - LEFT
 - RIGHT
 - LEADING


text:
New Martyrs of Butovo
The Synaxis of the Martyrs of Butovo honors Orthodox faithful who were martyred at the Butovo Shooting Range during Stalin's purges of the mid 1930s.
Seventeen miles south of Moscow, there is a place that is known as the Butovo Shooting Range, which was an execution ground and mass burial site near the village of Butovo, used by the Soviets during Stalin's purges. This site is often referred to as the "Russian Golgotha". Executions took place there on an industrial scale during the Great Terror. On some days they executed 500 people or more. Records show that 20,765 people were executed and buried at Butovo between August 1937 and October 1938, during the peak of Stalin's repressions, of that number, about 1,000 people were known to have been executed because of their Orthodox faith. There is now a church dedicated to the New Martyrs on the site. In 2004, Patriarch Alexei II, and Metropolitan Laurus jointly laid the cornerstone of this Church, which was the first joint liturgical action of the Moscow Patriarchate and the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad since the 1920's, and on May 19th, 2007, they consecrated the Church together, two days after the signing of the Act of Canonical Communion, which formally reconciled the two parts of the Russian Church. The Synaxis of the Martyrs of Butovo is celebrated on the 4th Saturday after Pascha.
- ↑ New York Times: Former Killing Ground Becomes Shrine to Stalin's Victims, Sophia Kishkovsky, June 8, 2007
- ↑ The New Martyrs of Russia, Mother Sarah, March 2007
- ↑ Dmitry Solovyov, Reuters: Unified Russian church honours Soviet era martyrs, May 19, 2007; see also this account of the consecration of the Church at Butovo, which includes video of the service:Fr. John Whiteford: Moscow Trip, Part 4.


text:
Solar Bottle Bulb in Philippines
Millions of poor homes in Philippines – and a lot more around the world – in the dark because the metal roof block all light and no connection to electricity in informal settlements.
A student of MIT found that one-liter plastic bottle filled with water and bleach and then mounted on a metal roof is a simple way to light homes that have no electrical connectivity or natural lighting. It was called Solar Bottle Bulb.
How to Make, How to Work and Spec of Solar Bottle Bulb
- Fill plastic bottles with water and bleach then capped; bleach works to make the water clear and also to prevent fungus or microbe.
- Make holes in the metal roofs, insert the bottle and then sealed to avoid leaks when it rains.
- Plastic bottles refract sun light and pushed into every corner of the home rather than to highlight one area like an ordinary lamp.
- Simple technology that can be installed in less than an hour, lasting for five years, and equivalent with 60-watt light bulb.
As part of their Solar Bottle Project, Isang Litrong Liwanag (A Liter of Light) organization has installed 10,000 of Solar Bottle Bulb throughout Manila.
Photo: Isang Litrong Liwanag


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Inspiring steel value chain collaboration between architects, designers, engineers and construction companies delivering world-class projects across the African continent was the highlight of the 2023 Steel Awards, presented by the Southern African Institute for Steel Construction (SAISC).
This red carpet event, commonly referred to as the 'Oscars of the steel industry' was held at Emperor's Palace, Gauteng on October 19 and themed Game of Thrones: not only to celebrate the proud legacy of steel through the ages and its pivotal contribution to civilisation, but also the significant achievements of the South African steel sector.
Every year, the SAISC-hosted Steel Awards provide an opportunity for stakeholders across the industry and steel value chain – including designers, architects, engineers, processors, merchants and fabricators – to present their work and be honoured for their outstanding achievements.
Forging head in Africa
Of particular interest to the judges this year was that many of the notable projects nominated were not confined to South Africa, but exported – and in some cases executed – across the continent. This was reflected in the number of Pan-African projects which won awards, and indicated that one of the SAISC's long-held goals – is being realised.
"Fabricators and manufacturers have really forged ahead and made a big leap into Africa! They have built structures in a way that has never been done before, delivering products and innovations which have never been seen before – not only locally but across the continent," says SAISC Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Amanuel Gebremeskel.
"For over a decade, we have been encouraging our industry not only to be a centre of manufacturing excellence, but also to get involved in more advanced projects – producing products and innovations which have not been used before in the world. You would expect this in first-world economies like Europe, the US, South Korea or Japan. The fact that we can achieve this standard in South Africa is impressive! We always hear that many large African projects are being created by Chinese, Indian or even American contractors. That does not have to be the case. We have the capacity and the engineering capability to do this and that is what the Steel Awards are all about," Gebremeskel enthuses.
He adds that many of the projects showcased at the SAISC 2023 Awards are iconic structures, which have made a lasting contribution to the built environment – and will be a testament to South African steel sector skill for many years.
Gebremeskel highlighted the following three projects in particular:
Fresh and fabulous as the overall winner – and more
The Mpumalanga International Fresh Produce Market is not only the Steel Awards 2023 overall winner – but also garnered several other awards as winner of the Factory and Warehouse category, the Tubular category and recipient of the Best Project Mpumalanga Award.
Nominated by Tass Engineering, the project was designed by Orbic Architects and constructed by (amongst several others) the main contractor Enza Construction and steelwork contractor Tass Engineering.
This so-called 'market of the future' was constructed for the Mpumalanga Economic Growth Agency to act as a regional catalyst for growth, creating jobs and improving food security. Serving the local and international food industry, it is more effective and efficient than existing, traditional fresh produce markets.
The steelwork roof covers a 29,000m2 floor and is designed to provide maximum usable floor space with minimal support columns. The building was also designed to accommodate future alterations and expansion.
The main challenge was the sheer size of the roof structure and its structural framing system, which posed a significant logistical challenge to transport – from the Kempton Park fabrication site to the market site over 300km away in Mbombela. To address this challenge, modular components were transported in smaller sections and then erected on site.
"Fitting all the pieces of this Meccano-like construction in a seamless and cohesive manner was a huge achievement. These challenges were overcome by carefully-designed jigging systems used for the fabrication of the components, and then trial assembling the major structural components and interfaces between them.
Also impressive is the fact that the engineer who designed the structure came up with a very elegant solution for the problem posed: the need for a lot of column-free space. To solve this, an arched roof was used along the entire 220 metre length – supported at each end using a structural framing system. The aesthetics and project execution – including the engineering, connections used, the seamlessness thereof and how the structure was erected – is quite amazing and a testament to the power of structural steel as a material of construction," Gebremeskel comments.
A record-breaking distribution centre
Structural steel also played a pivotal role in the Pick 'n Pay Distribution Centre East Port project, joint winner of the Factory and Warehouse category, winner of the Innovation and Sustainability category and recipient of the Best Project Gauteng Award.
One of the stand-out features of this exceptional project is the use of extremely long roofing sheets, ranging from 68 metres to a staggering 280 metres. These unprecedented roof sheeting lengths required innovative solutions for handling and installation – ultimately earning the project a place in the Guinness World Records.
The roof design features a distinctive curved profile with a radius of approximately 600 metres. This unique curvature required the use of the 'sky-forming' method to roll and shape the roofing sheets accurately. The success of the project hinged on close collaboration between various teams, including structural engineers, steel fabricators, material suppliers and roofing contractors. This teamwork was essential for problem-solving and adapting the design and construction to the very specific challenges posed by this challenging project.
"This is a phenomenal innovation, and a lot of work went into it. It is very nice to see one of our established, older steel companies showing a lot of vigour and energy. We have really achieved world leadership in sky-rolling capabilities. This is not only a notable project in South Africa, but globally," Gebremeskel comments.
A praiseworthy achievement in Chad
The third project Gebremeskel highlighted is the Our Lady of Peace Cathedral in N'Djamena in Chad, which is the winner of the Light Steel Frame Building category.
Conceptual design to restore the cathedral started in March 2014, and addressed wind-load considerations through the implementation of a specialised shell structure design employing custom-made brackets to securely anchor the light-weight steel to the concrete structure.
This remote Central African project location required on-site fabrication. A number of logistical challenges had to be overcome due to the absence of nearby ports and limited road infrastructure suitable for container transport. The entire project also had to be successfully delivered during a period of political instability in the region.
"South African steel companies are not only doing incredible work in very complicated environments administratively, politically and security-wise – but are creating structures that are also very noteworthy – as demonstrated by this and other Pan-African projects this year," advises Gebremeskel.
In summary, the Steel Awards 2023 category winners are as follows (information either in press release / links to additional project information and images will be provided):
Mining and Industrial:
Winner: Azmet Reactors – this bold pan-African mining project entailed fabrication and transport to the DRC of 6 reactor tanks, with detailed design of complex geometry featuring FEM (finite element method) modelling and an integrated support frame and platform
Factory and Warehouse Category / Metal Cladding
Winners: Mpumulanga International Fresh Produce Market and Pick 'n Pay Distribution Centre East Port (see above)
Winner: Mpumulanga International Fresh Produce Market (see above)
Light Steel Frame Building
Winner: Our Lady of Peace Cathedral – Chad (see above)
Architecturally Exposed Steelwork
Winner: NMU Ocean Sciences Campus Extensions – this project's innovative use of steel succeeds in showcasing the university as a world-class tertiary education institution of choice
Innovation and Sustainability
Winner: Pick 'n Pay Distribution Centre East Port (see above)
Best Export Project
Winner: Azmet Reactors (see above)
- Best Project Gauteng – Pick 'n Pay Distribution Centre East Port (see above)
- Best Project Western Cape – Hasso Plattner d-school Afrika – this innovative use of space expresses and celebrates the building's unusual geometry, overcoming the challenges of a highly congested site and construction during the Covid-19 pandemic
- Best Project Eastern Cape – NMU Ocean Sciences Campus Extensions (see above)
- Best Project Mpumalanga – Mpumulanga International Fresh Produce Market (see above)
- Best Project KwaZulu-Natal – Pepkor Warehouse, Hammarsdale – this retailer warehouse was completed against a background of severe socio-political unrest and also extreme weather. The cost-effective design and interactive project coordination and implementation are key highlights of this project
Although the SAISC does not judge project nominations according to budget and size, Gebremeskel acknowledged that many nominated this year were far greater in size and financial value than previously. Although mining projects – and especially those in remote locations – are inevitably the largest, he observes that large retail distribution centres have also grown tremendously in size, and also aesthetically.
"Projects such as the Pick and Pay distribution centre – winner in several categories – and the KwaZulu-Natal category winner, the Pepkor Warehouse, Hammarsdale – both point to this. Our retailers are looking for greater efficiency, so these buildings are getting larger every year. South Africa is becoming the vanguard for the construction of distribution centres throughout the region. These are the kinds of buildings that many other countries in Africa require moving forward, so we need to develop local steel sector expertise to deliver similar projects cross-border in the future," he says.
He adds that there were also a lot of architecturally-driven projects this year. Winner of the Architecturally Exposed Steelwork and Best Project Eastern Cape categories, the Ocean Sciences


laboratory report amylase activity in dormant germinating and seedling stages of barley
Laboratory report: Amylase activity in dormant, germinating and Seedling stages of barley
Introduction
 Germination pertains to the developmental stage in plants that involves the generation of roots and shoots which serve as anatomical markers for plants growth. Germination initially starts from a dormant seed and given the optimal conditions such as presence of water, light and carbon dioxide, the primary root and shoot appears from the dormant seed. The enzyme amylase is one of the key proteins that are produced by the barley plant specifically during development. This enzyme has also served as a determinant for the quality of malt that will be produced by barley crop batches. Malt has long been employed for the production of beer (Georg-Kraemer et al., 2001). In addition, the activity of this enzyme is positively correlated with the diastatic power of the seeds from the barley species. Botanists have also determined that the weight of barley grains is positively correlated to the amount of malt that could be extracted from barley seeds (Jin-xin et al., 2006). Research studies have previously shown that amylase activity and grain weight were affected by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. In this report, we present our results from our assay that involved extraction of amylase and quantification of amylase activity in different seed stages of barley.
Materials and methods
 Briefly, ten barley seeds of each developmental stage (dormant, germinating and seedling) were weighed and homogenized in 10 ml amylase extraction buffer. The solution was filtered to remove debris and the resulting volume was measured. A five-fold dilution series was established by mixing 5 ml of the barley extract with 20 ml of dilution buffer. Amylase activity was measured using a colorimetric method using a starch indicator buffer containing iodine which reacts with starch. The achromic point was determined to quantify the reaction time of amylase. Hydrolysis reaction of each development seed stage was determined using the Benedict assay.
Results
 Table 1 shows the weights of ten (10) seeds representing each developmental stage (dormant, germinating and seedling) and the volume of the extract generated from crushing and filtering the seeds.
Table 1. Weight and volume of ten barley seeds at different developmental stages
Developmental stage
of barley seed
Total weight of 10
barley seeds (grams)
Volume of extract from 10 barley seeds (ml)
Germinating
1.41
9.9
Dormant
0.39
9.0
Seedling
1.92
10.1
 The amount of starch from the extract was initially determined as follows:
 5 mg/ml
 ———– = 0.714 mg/ml
 7 min
 The amount of starch from the barley extract was then calculated:
 1.611 g
 ——— = 0.201 g/ml
 8 ml
The dilution concentration of the barley extract was determined as follows:
 0.201 g/ml
 ———— = 0.0403 g/ml
 5
Amylase activity was then calculated as follows:
 0.714 mg/ml/min
 ——————– = 17.73 mg/min/gram of barley
 0.0403 g/ml
 Our calculations thus showed that 17.73 milligrams of starch was hydrolyzed per minute, per gram of barley extract.
Discussion
 The data collected from weighing ten seeds from different developmental stages of barley (germinating, dormant and seedling) showed that specific developmental stages have different weights and this also affected the amount of extract that can be collected after crushing the seeds and adding a constant volume of the extraction buffer. We have observed that the dormant seeds weighed the lightest, suggesting that dormant seeds have the least seed content. We have also observed that the seedlings weighed higher than germinating seeds, suggesting that advanced developmental stages of the seeds are correlated with an increase in the biomass of the seeds. Furthermore, the volume of the extract varied among different developmental stages. The smallest volume of extract was observed from the dormant seeds. The volume of the extract generated from the seedlings was greater than the volume of the extract collected from the germinating seeds, indicating that the content (water and other essential biological fluids) of the seedlings was substantially bigger.
 The determination of amylase activity using the colorimetric method and Benedict assay served as a tool in quantifying the reaction time for the process of hydrolysis to be completed. As our calculations show, approximately 17.73 milligrams of starch could be hydrolyzed per minute by the amylase enzyme that was extract from the barley seeds. It should be noted though that the activity of amylase in a barley seed depends of the amount of amylase that is present in each seed, which is turn is dependent on the developmental stage of the seed itself. In addition, the developmental stage of a seed is dependent of the condition of the seed's immediate environment. A barley seed will go into a dormancy stage during environmental conditions of drought or any similar condition that does not provide optimal amounts of water or humidity. The presence of water in the immediate environment of a barley seeds controls other plant biochemical activities such as nitrogen metabolism and the generation of other essential protein enzymes that could catalyze reactions that are necessary for the barley seed to grow and develop (Swanston and Molina-Cano, 2001).
 This experiment has allowed us to perform a simple method in comparing the amylase activities of different developmental stages of barley seeds. We have observed that the accumulation of starch in the seed is positively correlated with amylase activity as well as the seed content of barley. The extraction assay has provided us an exposure to collect a solution that is assumed to content an essential protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starches in the plant. The same principle may be applied to other plants and may be used in determining the species-specific amylase activities in relation to other environmental conditions such as the presence or absence of sunlight, atmospheric gases and other essential micronutrients.
References
Georg-Kraemer JE, Mundstock EC and Cavalli-Molina S (2001): Developmental expression of amylase during barley malting. Journal of Cereal Science, 33:279-288.
Jin-xin C, Fei D, Kang W and Guo-ping Z (2006): Relationship between malt qualities and β-amylase activity and protein content as affected by timing of nitrogen fertilizer application. J Zhejiang Univ SCIENCE B. 7(1):79-84.
Swanston JS and Molina-Cano JL (2001): β-amylase activity and thermostability in two mutants derived from the malting barley cv. Triumph. Journal of Cereal Science, 33:155-161.

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Ex LEC students take focus project to Madagascar
LEC 2013/14 focus project team collaborate with local NGO (CEAS) to take bamboo wind turbine to Madagascar
As part of the 2013/14 focus project "rural flow", LEC students constructed a partially bamboo wind turbine designed for developing countries. Since completing the course Lukas Huber, Nicolas El-Hayek and Nils Pütz have successfully approached a local NGO (CEAS) and have since developed a second prototype.
A visit to Madagascar is now planned to work directly with local craftsman to erect and test the first onsite prototype. As a second phase local engineers and craftsman are to be instructed regarding maintenance of the wind turbine, enabling sustainable and long lasting impact.
To find out more or donate to the project click here.


text:
Emerging Technology for Agriculture Webinar Series
Technology in Forage-based Beef Production Systems
10:00 am–11:00 amLocation: Zoom Webinar
Presented by Mitch Stephenson, assistant professor, Agronomy and Horticulture, and Travis Mulliniks, assistant professor, Animal Science.
This event originated in School of Natural Resources.
Ballot Initiatives: Election Day 2020
Farm and Ranch Management Webinar
12:00 pm–1:00 pmLocation: Online (via Zoom)
With Dave Aiken, professor and agricultural law specialist, Department of Agricultural Economics.
This event originated in Center for Agricultural Profitability.


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During the early 1900's the first commercial asparagus plantings in the state of Victoria were grown by Thomas Roxburgh - a shipping agent by trade - on a 300 acre farm in the town of Vervale. By the 1930's the major commercial asparagus production area in Victoria was the nearby Koo Wee Rup and Dalmore area. Soon after, this area was to become the largest asparagus producing area in Australia.
Victoria has a range of soils and climates suitable for asparagus production, including those in Koo Wee Rup, East Gippsland and Lindenow in southern Victoria, Rochester and Myrtleford in north-east Victoria, and in the Mildura and Swan Hill districts of north-west Victoria.
As a result, Victoria has a longer growing season for asparagus than most other production areas in the world. The asparagus season in Victoria also complements that of other states of Australia and helps provide a continuous supply of product. Much of the plantings in Australia are of the California hybrid UC157 because it produces a premium spear of uniform size, length and overall appearance. However, additional varieties are grown in specific regions, such as Mary Washington in southern Victoria and Ida Lea in North-West Victoria.
Victoria is the leading state in Australia for the production and export of fresh asparagus, producing 95% of the national asparagus crop with a Gross Value of 95% of $41.42 m (ABS: Agriculture 2007-08).


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The smallest atom is helium at ~30pm
, a very large atom like caesium is ~225pm
. Salt obviously varies in size but let's say it's particularly fine at 100μm
then a helium atom is ~3 millionth of the size and a caesium atom is ~0.5 millionth of the size. So if a helium atom was as large as a grain of salt a grain of salt would be ~100m wide and for a caesium atom it would be ~16m wide.
I'm pretty sure my math is correct there


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which soil has the highest percolation rate ?? i cannot understand hat is PERCOLATIN RATE ??????
Percolation rate is the rate at which water moves through the soil.
The soil will pass rapidly through well drained soil whereas the water will be collected on the soil with poor percolation rate which can be harmful to the plants.
The percolation rate is highest in sandy soil and least in clayey soil.
to know the percolation rate the formulae is : given time/amount of water


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ecobee3 lite Heap Overflow
A heap overflow vulnerability exists in the 'HKProcessConfig' function that overflows inside the HKWAC object. This object is responsible for managing the Homekit Wireless Access Control setup process. A threat actor can craft a malicious payload to control values inside the object causing the ecobee3 device to connect to a separate WiFi access point.
Given the nature of memory attacks, it may be possible to extend this attack further to achieve code execution.
The Wireless Access Configuration (WAC) server is present on the ecobee3 device on TCP port 1200. Usually this function is employed when connecting the device to a WiFi access point during initial setup via an iOS device. However, this service remains present after the device has been connected to a wireless network leaving it vulnerable to attack.
A threat actor can send a POST request to the endpoint 'http://:1200/config' with a request body that is greater than 512 bytes, resulting in an overflow of the HKWAC object. The HKWAC object is provisioned with 604 bytes, therefore any requests larger than 604 bytes results in the next object on the heap being corrupted, which could be a path to achieve code execution.
Vulnerable HKWAC object
HKWAC object as initially provisioned
However, a threat actor can send a payload greater than 512 bytes but less than 604 to control specific elements of the HKWAC object including flags which are used to validate whether previous steps of the WAC process have been complete, such as if the ecobee3 is in 'Access Point' (AP) mode. By exploiting the structure, a threat actor can 'trick' the ecobee3 into accepting a new WiFi access configuration resulting in the device disconnecting from the current access point and connecting to a threat actor controlled access point.
Flags checked in HKWAC object
Byte 592 calls HKWifiConnectSetup function
As an example, the device was connected to the SSID 'TheFlooNetwork' using the typical setup procedures. The research team then sent a crafted payload which overflowed the HKWAC object and caused the device to connect to the SSID 'hackpi'. The payload did not require authentication, and could potentially be used in cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks.
ecobee3 lite connected to "TheFlooNetwork"
Payload sent to device causing it to change WiFi access points
Serial output shows device chaning to "hackpi" WiFi access point
Request sent on new access point to "/configured" to compelte the setup
Serial output shows the device completing the setup process


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Persuasive personal monitoring and feedback systems could help patients and clinicians manage mental illness. Mental illness is complex, difficult to treat, and carries social stigma. From a review of literature on bipolar disorder and interviews with bipolar disorder experts, we developed a framework for designing a persuasive monitoring system to support management of the illness. The framework applies a user-centered design process that is especially sensitive to the complexity of the illness, the difficulty of treatment, its stigma, and the goals of patients and clinicians. We describe our application of this framework to designing a persuasive mobile phone monitoring system. We discuss how our use of the framework can help overcome the special challenges posed by designing systems for mental illness: (1) accommodating a complex array of symptoms, (2) supporting an uncertain treatment process, and (3) maintaining a high level of sensitivity to the seriousness and darkness of the illness, as well as the social stigma associated with it.


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Alumnus Wins Early-Career Research Award
A Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship (DOE CSGF) alumnus is one of three people honored for their promising research in high-performance computing (HPC).
Edgar Solomonik, a fellow from 2010 to 2014, is a 2018 winner of the Technical Consortium on High Performance Computing Early Career Researchers Award, sponsored by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society. The winners will be honored in November at SC18, the international supercomputing conference, in Dallas.
An SC18 release says the award "recognizes up to three individuals who have made outstanding, influential, and potentially long-lasting contributions in the field of high-performance computing within five years of receiving their Ph.D." as of January 1 of the award's year.
Solomonik is an assistant professor in the scientific computing group of the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his doctorate in 2014 at the University of California, Berkeley, and later was a postdoctoral fellow at Switzerland's ETH Zurich.
Solomonik has developed improved numerical algorithms and high-performance computing libraries. His research group, the Laboratory for Parallel Numerical Algorithms, leads the development of the Cyclops library for tensor computations. Cyclops, which sprang from Solomonik's 2011 DOE CSGF practicum at Argonne National Laboratory, has enabled groundbreaking simulations of electronic structure and quantum circuits. It also has applications in graph and data analysis.
The other honorees are Lin Gan of Tsinghua University and the National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi, China, and Argonne's Min Si.
The award is sponsored by the IEEE-CS Technical Consortium on High Performance Computing (TCHPC) and its member Technical Committees. The selection committee includes DOE CSGF alumna Amanda Randles, an assistant professor of biomedical sciences at Duke University.


= \vert T_*m\vert = m\{\bom_{-1} \cap \bom_+\} = m\{\bom_{-1}\}$. Denote by $\Cal M_n$, $\Cal M_+$ and $\Cal M$ the classes of (SRB-like) probability measures supported on $\bom_n$, $\bom_+$ and $\Omega$, respectively. \proclaim {Theorem 11.1\ \ [Ch-M-T(1998)]} There is a unique (SRB-like) conditionally invariant measure $\mu_+ \in \Cal M_+$, i. e. the operator $T_+ : \Cal M_+ \to \Cal M_+$ has a unique fixed point $\mu_+$. \endproclaim \proclaim {Theorem 11.2\ \ [Ch-M-T(1998)]} For any measure $m_0\in \Cal M_0$, the sequence of measures $T_+^nm_0$ converges weakly, as $n \to \infty$, to the conditionally invariant measure $\mu_+$. Moreover, the sequence of measures $\lambda_+^{-n} (T_*^nm_0)$ converges weakly to $\rho(m_0)\mu_+$, where the functions $\rho(m_0)$ and $\rho^{-1}(m_0)$ are uniformly bounded on $\Cal M_0$. \endproclaim \proclaim {Theorem 11.3\ \ [Ch-M-T(1998)]} The sequence $T^{-n}\mu_+$ converges weakly, as $n \to \infty$, to a $T$-invariant probability measure $\hat \mu_+ \in \Cal M$. The measure $\hat \mu_+$ is ergodic and K-mixing. \endproclaim The aforementioned results have their natural duals by changing the signs, and then one obtains $\mu_-, \hat \mu_-, \lambda_-$. \proclaim {Theorem 11.4\ \ [Ch-M-T(1998)]} If for every periodic point $x \in \Omega$, $T^kx=x$ we have $\vert \det DT^kx\vert = 1$, then $\hat \mu_+ = \hat \mu_- = \hat \mu $ and $ \lambda_+ = \lambda_- =\lambda$. In particular, this happens if the given Anosov-diffeomorphism preserves a smooth invariant measure. \endproclaim (In [Ch-M-T(1998)] it is also conjectured that $\hat \mu_+$ is a Bernoulli-measure, and has a fast decay of correlations.) The following theorem not only answers Question 1, most interesting from the point of view of physical applications, but also proves the {\it escape rate formula} of K-G(1988). We call $\gamma_+:= - \log \lambda_+$ the {\it escape rate} of the system. Denote by $\lambda_+$ the positive Lyapunov exponent of the ergodic measure $\hat \mu_+$, and by $h(\hat \mu_+)$ its Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy. \proclaim {Theorem 11.5\ \ [Ch-M-T(1998)]} $$ \gamma_+ = \lambda_+ - h(\hat \mu_+) \tag 11.6 $$ \endproclaim An interesting feature of the escape rate formula (11.6) is that its right hand side is defined exclusively in terms of the measure $\hat \mu_+$ given on the repeller $\bom_+$, whereas $\gamma_+$ is the rate with which an initial measure given on whole $\bom$ gets pulled down to the repeller. It is an interesting task to generalize Theorems 11.1-5 for Anosov-systems with singularities and subsequently for billiards. \bigskip \noindent {\bf Remark 11.7.} For dynamical systems of large linear size $L$, which actually are appropriate models of transport phenomena, Gaspard and Nicolis, [G-N(1990)] derived a beautiful equation replacing the escape rate formula. For definiteness, let us think of a Lorentz-process (i. e. a dispersive, finite-horizon billiard with a periodic configuration of scatterers) in an elongated periodic container of integer length $L$; the boundary condition in the direction of the $y$-axis is periodic, whereas those in the direction of the $x$-axis at $x=0$ and $x=L$ are open, i. e. $B = (\{x=0\} \cup \{x=L\}) \times S^1$. This model determines a repeller $\bom_+(L)$ with SRB-like invariant measure $\hat \mu_+(L)$, for which we denote the positive Lyapunov-exponent by $\lambda_L$ and the K-S entropy by $h(\hat \mu_+(L))$. Then, by using the diffusion approximation for the Lorentz-process, Gaspard and Nicolis proved analytically that $$ \Cal D = \lim_{L\to \infty} (\frac{L}{\pi^2})\left( \lambda_L - h(\hat \mu_+(L)) \right) $$ where $\Cal D$ is the diffusion coefficient of the Lorentz process in the infinite slab (i. e. in the same model with $L=\infty$). Further related formulas and models are beyond the scope of the present survey. As references on this most alive direction of research we mention the papers of Gaspard and Dorfman, [G-D(1995)], of T\'el, Vollmer and Breymann, [T-V-B(1996)] and of Ruelle, [R(1999)]; for earlier related models of transport see the works of Lebowitz and Spohn, [L-S(1978)] and of Kr\'amli, Sim\'anyi and Sz\'asz, [K-S-Sz(1987)]. \bigskip \noindent {\bf Acknowledgment.} It is my pleasure to thank P\'eter B\'alint, Andr\'as Kr\'amli and N\'andor Sim\'anyi for their most careful reading of the manuscript and for their critical remarks. Moreover, I am the most grateful to Howie Weiss and Tam\'as T\'el for several basic references related to Sections 10 and 11, respectively. The research was also supported by the Hungarian-Portuguese joint grant No. P/97-10 through the cooperation of the Hungarian National Committee for Technological Development and the Instituto de Cooperacao Cientifica e Tecnol\'ogica Internacional. \bigskip \Refs \bigskip \ref\key \by \paper \jour \vol \pages \endref \widestnumber\key{B-P-L(1999)-II} \ref\key B(1934) \by A. S. Besicovitch \paper Sets of Fractional Dimension, IV. On Rational Approximations to Real Numbers \jour J. London Math. Soc. \vol 9 (1934) \pages 126-131 \endref \ref\key B-K-P(1998) \by L. Barreira, A Katok, Ya. Pesin \paper Non-Uniformly Hyperbolic Dynamical Systems \jour manuscript \vol \pages (1998) \endref \ref\key Ch(1998) \by N. I. Chernov \paper Statistical Properties of Piecewise Smooth Hyperbolic Systems in High Dimensions \jour \vol \pages \endref \ref\key Ch-H(1996) \by N. I. Chernov, C. Haskell \paper Nonuniformly Hyperbolic K-systems are Bernoulli \jour Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems \vol 16 \pages 19-44 (1996) \endref \ref\key Ch-M-T(1998) \by N. I. Chernov, R. Markarian, S. Troubetzkoy \paper Invariant Measures for Anosov Maps with Small Holes \jour Manuscript \vol \pages pp. 34 (1998) \endref \ref\key D(1997) \by D. Dolgopyat \paper Bounded Orbits of Anosov-Flows \jour Duke Math. J. \vol 87 (1997) \pages 87-114 \endref \ref\key E(1978) \by R. Engelking \paper Dimension Theory \jour North Holland \vol \pages (1978) \endref \ref\key F(1977) \by J. Franks \paper Invariant Sets of Hyperbolic Toral Automorphisms \jour Amer. J. of Math. \vol 99 (1977) \pages _PHONE_ \endref \ref\key G-D(1995) \by P. Gaspard, J. R. Dorfman \paper Chaotic Scattering Theory, Thermodynamic Formalism, and Transport Coefficients \jour Physical Review {\bf E} \vol 52 (1995) \pages 3525-3552 \endref \ref\key G-N(1990


Helmet Library user regulations
Helmet is an abbreviation of the words Helsinki Metropolitan Area Libraries.
Helmet library service consists of Espoo, Helsinki, Kauniainen and Vantaa City Libraries. Helmet libraries have a shared customer register and library system.
Helmet libraries are open for everybody. Anyone who follows the customer regulations is allowed to use the libraries' collections, services and customer facilities. You are obliged to use library materials, media and facilities in an appropriate way.
When you receive a library card (a customer registration number) or when you accept becoming a contact person, you are committed to follow these user regulations and the potential changes of the regulations. The current user regulations and the separate instructions and rules about the various appliances to be used at the library along with the rights to use them are to be found at _URL_ -> Info -> Using the library.
Library card and pin code
Library card is a card or a customer registration number in some other form approved by the library (later in this text referred to as library card).
You can get a personal library card, the right to borrow and a PIN code at any Helmet library or mobile library. The first library card is free of charge. You will get the library card when you state your address and present a valid ID card with a photograph and personal identity number accepted by the library. To be able to receive a library card you need an address in Finland. If you do not have a Finnish personal identity number, your library card is valid for twelve months at a time.
Children under 15 can have a library card with a written consent by a guardian or other statutory representative (later representative). The representative is responsible for the loans on the library card of a child under 15 years, as well as for the child's use of other services, equipment and facilities of the library.
A day care centre, school, other institution or community can have a library card for twelve months at a time. A contact person is appointed for the card. This person will oversee that the card is used appropriately.
The library card is personal. This also applies to using the library's self-service.
You are responsible for the items that have been borrowed with your library card.
In order to prevent the misuse of your library card you can ask the personnel in the customer service to always check the identity of the borrower. Lending by the automatic lending machine is protected with your PIN code. A staff member of an institution or community can use the institution's or community's library card with the consent of the representative of the institution or community.
You must inform the library immediately if your library card disappears. This responsibility also concerns the contact person. If you have lost your library card, you can call the telephone number 09 3108 5309 when the libraries are closed and leave a message in the answerphone. You are not responsible for the material that has been borrowed with the lost library card after you have informed the library that the library card is missing. A library card that has been reported lost will be removed from use.
Along with the library card you will need a PIN code, if you wish to use the library's web services, lending machines, customer computers and self-service libraries. You will get the PIN code from the library or mobile library when you present a valid ID card approved by the library. The PIN code will not be given by e-mail or phone.
Please keep your contact information up-to-date. You must notify the library without delay about the changes of your address, email address and your name. You can check your contact information on the website _URL_.
The relationship between the library and the customer is confidential.
The library is responsible for the accuracy of the customer register. The personal Information on the borrower and the representative is recorded in the libraries' customer register. The library is responsible for keeping the customer register up to date according to the law in force.
In accordance with the Personal Data Act, the library has the right to record the customer's personal identity number into the register. The register report is on view at the libraries and on the website _URL_ -> Info -> Using the library.
You are entitled to check the information recorded about you in the library's customer register. You will be shown the information in question at the library's customer service desk when you prove your identity by presenting a valid ID card accepted by the library. The representative of a person younger than 15 years of age is entitled to get information about the guarantee's overdue loans and unpaid fees. The contact person of an institution or community is entitled to check the information about the institution or community in question.
Loans, returns and renewals
You may have simultaneously 100 loans of which 5 can be console games. The loan period varies from 1 day to 28 days. You will find specific information about the loan periods in the appendix of the user regulations. Movies and games will not be lent to a customer who does not fulfill the age limits approved by Kansallisen Audiovisuaalisen Instituutin Mediakasvatusja kuvaohjelmayksikkö MEKU (Media education and visual program unit of National Audiovisual Institute).
Due dates are on the check-out receipt. Please return your loans on the due date at the latest. You can return the material to any Helmet library during its opening hours. If you wish you can get a receipt of the return. Some libraries have so-called returning boxes. The items returned via the returning box are registered as returned on the next opening day of the library. Returning your loans via a returning box is on your own responsibility.
You will receive a notification of an approaching due date 48 hours in advance, if you have a functioning email address in the library's client register.
You can renew your loans five (5) times at the library, mobile library or in Your record at _URL_. It is not possible to renew the loans if the material has been reserved or if you have lost your right to borrow. There may be restrictions in renewing the loans. E.g. bestsellers and most objects that are to be borrowed cannot be renewed.
The first reminder of overdue loans will be sent 14 days after the due date, the second reminder 28 days after the due date. The first reminder can also be received by email. The Helmet library system also sends reminders on unpaid payments in order to avoid the expiration of the debt.
You will lose the right to borrow
- if your loans are more than 28 days overdue
- if you have lost or damaged the material of the library
- if you fail to pay your overdue fees when they have amounted to or exceeded the sum indicated in the payments appendix
An exception to the above is a borrower who has started the process of a loan arrangement and whose debt to the library belongs to the freezing of payments. In the case of a debt like this, the debtor may not be targeted by the loss of borrowing rights due to a delay in payment.
You will regain your borrowing rights
- by returning the items that are overdue
- by compensating for lost or damaged items
- by paying the accumulated fees
The restoring of the borrowing rights can take about a week depending on the method of payment. If you pay the fees to the bank account of the library, the borrowing rights are restored after the library has dealt with the payments in its own bookkeeping. If the payment has been transferred to a collection office the borrowing rights are restored only after the collection office has made the payment to the library's account and the library has checked the payment.
Reservations and interlibrary loans
You can reserve material either at the library or by logging in _URL_.
You may not have more than 50 pending reservations at the same time. You will receive a notification about reservations that can be picked up by a text message, email or letter. There may be restrictions in reserving materials.
Most libraries have a self-service pick-up shelf for reservations. The protection of customers' data will be taken into consideration when arranging the pick-up of reservations.
You can order an item as an interlibrary loan from elsewhere in Finland or abroad, if the item is not available in the collections of any Helmet library. The service is subject to a charge. If, however, the material in question is available in some scientific or special library in the metropolitan area, it cannot be ordered as an interlibrary loan.
In general, using the library is free of charge. However, fees will be charged for items returned or renewed after the due date, reservations that are not picked up, and for certain special services. The most important fees charged by the libraries are listed in the appendix of the user regulations.
The overdue fee will accrue every calendar day after the due date until it reaches the maximum amount. No overdue fee will be charged for materials from the children's and teens' departments. The overdue fee will be charged even if you fail to renew the loans due to a break in the internet connection or some other technical problem.
For a reservation that has been delivered to the pick-up shelf but not picked up by the customer, customers aged 18 or older will be charged a fee. The fee will be charged even if the pick-up notification has not arrived due to a delivery error, a fault in telecommunications, or another reason.
You must compensate for lost or damaged material. Instructions to compensate for material are to be found in the appendix of the user regulations. NB. The library is not responsible for damages which the recordings you have borrowed possibly have caused to your appliances or for those damages caused to a third person by using the library appliances.
The library uses a collection office to collect outstanding payments. The outstanding payments are transferred from the Helmet library system to the collection office used by each city library in question approximately 60 days after the due


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Analysis of thermally stimulated processes
Thermally stimulated processes include a number of phenomena - either physical or chemical in nature - in which a certain property of a substance is measured during controlled heating from a 'low' temperature. Workers and graduate students in a wide spectrum of fields require an introduction to methods of extracting information from such measurements. This book gives an interdisciplinary approach to various methods which may be applied to analytical chemistry including radiation dosimetry and determination of archaeological and geological ages. In addition, recent advances are included, such as ionic thermocurrent of general order kinetics, polarization thermocurrents and some aspects of the superlinear dependence on the dose of thermoluminescence
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Acta activation energy Anal Appl application assumed asymptotic series Braunlich chapter charge carriers Chem Chen concentration conduction band constant crystals decay depolarization described desorption differential thermal analysis dipoles discussed dn/dt dose dosimetry DTA curve effect electron traps emission emission spectrum equation evaluated example excitation experimental frequency factor given glow curves Halperin heating function holes investigated ionic irradiation isothermal kinetic parameters Kristianpoller linear low temperature luminescence maximum mentioned nc(T order kinetics order peaks phase transitions phenomena phosphorescence Phys plot polarization polymers pre-exponential factor radiation reaction recombination centre recombination probability retrapping sample second order semiconductors sensitivity similar simultaneous measurements solid superlinearity technique temperature dependence temperature range TG curves Therm thermal desorption thermal release thermally stimulated processes thermoanalytical thermogravimetry thermoluminescence TL and TSC TL intensity TL peak transition TSC peaks TSEE TSPC usually valence band Wendlandt


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Roughness and contour measurement in a single process — the measuring instruments offer two different probing systems.
Jenoptik measuring instruments allow you to measure the roughness and contours of your workpieces. You get two probing systems in one measuring system. These two probing systems can be used independently of one another, saving you both time and money.
The measurement run is largely automated. Using the latest RFID technology, some of our measuring instruments can even detect which probe arm is being used, and set the measuring conditions accordingly. The probe arms are attached magnetically, which means they can be changed quickly and safely. As such, you can easily adapt the measuring systems to each new measuring task, achieving repetitive accuracy and highly precise results.
The instruments have a modular design and can easily be extended. The systems are also robust. They work without any problems even in tough production environments, making them ideally suited for use in rough industrial environments.
The Wavemove measuring instrument allows you to simultaneously measure the contours and roughness of your cubic or wave-shaped workpieces.
The Waveline Wavemove measuring systems allow individual, CNC-controlled, fully automated roughness and contour measurements to be performed directly at the production line. Up to eight independent CNC axes position the workpiece and measuring system at all required measurement positions, ensuring precise measurement of all necessary features— fully automated without any operator intervention.
Workpiece-specific fixing devices make it easier to load and unload workpieces. If required, the workpieces can be automatically identified and assigned to the quality data.
These measuring systems are particularly suitable for the measurement of crank shafts, cylinder heads and cylinder blocks. Thanks to the robust design and the optional safety equipment, the measuring systems can be operated in the production environment itself. Small quality control loops and fully automated measurement runs allow you to take the lead in quality management.
- Efficient: Combined roughness and contour measurement
- Fully automatic: Multi-axis CNC control ensures high level of automation
- Robust: Measuring systems also suitable for tough production conditions
- Modular: System can be individually tailored to your specific requirements
- Save time and costs: Combined roughness and contour measurement
- Minimal effort: The measuring instrument is largely automated
- Versatile: Adapt to various measuring tasks
- Automotive industry: Measure roughness and contour characteristics in one measurement run