to the motion of the athlete or the amount of time the clothing is worn. It also raises the question, how does the material impact the effectiveness of the garment? The stress/strain forces between the garment and the skin creates a difference in pressure that only works when the compression is properly fitted. For the clothing to increase blood-oxygen levels there should be enough restriction to increase blood flow, but not so much that circulation could decrease. Finding the perfect material and fit for each athlete impacts effectiveness.
While there was no significant improvement in performance when wearing compression clothing during exercise, it may have a positive impact on an athlete's recovery time. Many athletes saw benefits in wearing compression clothing after exercise to decrease muscle soreness. While this is not directly increasing oxygen intake, decreasing soreness can help athletes recover faster after exercise. Compression clothing is often used for medical purposes such as decreasing inflammation, which could explain why it works for sore muscles.
Based on current research, there is a lack of proof that compression clothing is beneficial during exercise. The results can be impacted by the type of material used, fit, duration and type of exercise, or even the placebo effect, but there is still a lot to discover through measuring blood oxygen levels and recovery times in athletes wearing the garments. Additionally, there does not seem to be a negative effect from wearing compression clothing. If you are an athlete looking for a change in performance, compression clothing may not be your answer. However, if you struggle with soreness or inflammation after exercise, you may benefit from wearing compression clothing.
Questions to Consider:
Have you used compression garments in conjunction with exercise? Recovery/injury?
If yes, did you find that they improved your experience compared to times when compression garments were not used?
Is there a potential health risk from using compression clothing?
Do the negatives of compression clothing (comfort, thermosensitivity, ergonomics) outweigh the positives? Is it worth wearing compression clothing for a slight change in performance?
How long does an athlete need to wear compression clothing to see a difference?
Further Reading:
Beliard S, Chauveau M, Moscatiello T, Cros F, Ecarnot F, Becker F. Compression Garments and Exercise: No Influence of Pressure Applied. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2015;14(1):75-83.
MacRae B.A., Laing R.M., Partsch H. (2016) General Considerations for Compression Garments in Sports: Applied Pressures and Body Coverage. In: Engel F., Sperlich B. (eds) Compression Garments in Sports: Athletic Performance and Recovery. Springer, Cham
Engel F., Stockinger C., Woll A., Sperlich B. (2016) Effects of Compression Garments on Performance and Recovery in Endurance Athletes. In: Engel F., Sperlich B. (eds) Compression Garments in Sports: Athletic Performance and Recovery. Springer, Cham
Boucourt B, Bouhaddi M, Mourot L, Tordi N, Menetrier A. Changes in Tissue Oxygen Saturation with Calf Compression Sleeve: before, during, and after a cycling exercise. Journal of Sports Medicine. 2015 Dec;55(12):1497-501. Epub 2014 Oct 6.
Ali A, Caine M.P., Snow B.G. Graduated Compression Stockings: Physiological and Perceptual Responses During and After Exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences. 20 Feb 2007. 25(4): 413-19.
MacRae, Braid A., Cotter, James D., Laing, Raechel M. Compression Garments and Exercise. Sports Medicine. 07 Oct 2012. 41(10): 815-43.
Dermont T, Morizot L, Bouhaddi M, Ménétrier A. Changes in Tissue Oxygen Saturation in Response to Different Calf Compression Sleeves. Journal of Sports Medicine. 2015;2015:857904. doi:10.1155/2015/857904.

How Uniforms Influence Speed Skating Performance
With the Winter 2018 Olympics in full swing, it is easy to get caught up analyzing an athlete's performance, from the routine to the costume. Of course costumes are meant to attract all of attention to the individual wearing them, but could there possibly be another, more scientific, reason for wearing these eye catching get-ups? The Washington Post recently put out an article that goes to answer this question. "In the Olympics, what athletes wear is often more about science than style," by Rachel Feltman, explores the motivation behind uniforms worn by speed skaters.
This article looks at various factors related to costuming which may play into how a speed skater performs during a race. Comfort and personal preference of one color over another were two aspects of the costume that played a role in an individual's performance. If the skater was comfortable and believed that they would shave a few seconds off their time in a blue suit rather than a red suit, time would actually improve. This points back to the belief that the mind has the ability to elevate an athlete's skills or performance based on how they think they should be operating.
There is more to speed skating though than just the color of the costume, skill of the athlete, and comfort of the suit. As the individual skates across the ice, they are experiencing a considerable drag from the air. While air does not create as great of a drag force on speed skaters as water creates on swimmers, it could be the deciding factor between which athlete receives gold and silver due to the milliseconds this force costs the athletes. For this reason, countries have invested time and money into researching a uniform that would not only be stylish and comfortable, but also aerodynamic. In 2014 Under Armour began to research the best possible combination, trying out over 250 combination of fabric. The final costume worked to make the skater as sleek as possible to reduce drag, used fabrics that would not create frictional forces as the skater's thighs rubbed together, and was dotted with tiny bumps to allows the skater to fly across the ice, similar to how a golf ball speeds through the air.
This article relates directly back to the topics covered in this course because it looks at how engineering principles influence the sports world. It looks at topics such as reducing friction, making the athletes more aerodynamic, and showcases how much time and energy goes into creating these products.
It is interesting to see how costumes influence an athlete, and begs the question as to whether or not there are other facets of uniform design which would be optimized to increase performance. Aerodynamics and friction have both been explored in this article, but could there be others as well?
Works Cited:
Feltman, R. (2018, January 21). In the Olympics, what athletes wear is often more about science than style. Retrieved February 19, 2018, from _URL_
Sports Specialization in Young Athletes: Evidence-Based Recommendations
In a review published in Sports Health, Neeru Jayanthi discusses the evidence for and against sports specialization in young athletes, specifically those under the age of 12. He begins by defining sport specialization as intense, year-round training in a single sport with the exclusion of other sports. He then compiles a table that succinctly displays the results of his literature review. He has reviewed 12 studies, in which he has identified the type of sport, type of athletes involved in the study, age at which they began their training of the sport, and the age at which they specialized. With the exception of two studies, both of which studied rhythmic gymnastics, the studies showed that most elite athletes had diversified early and specialized after 12 years of age. He goes on to discuss other factors that may impact success in sports, such as personal enjoyment of the sport and self-motivation. Lastly, he discusses how injury and burnout may be a result of high-intensity training. He concludes by stating that some specialization is needed to attain elite-level skills, however, it should be delayed until late adolescence to minimize injury and burnout.
This is a similar conclusion that was drawn by David Epstein in The Sports Gene. He too seems to conclude that early specialization may be harmful instead of beneficial to children aiming for elite status in a sport. He agrees that some sports do require early specialization, such as gymnastics, but that is only because they are able to perform at this elite level before they go through puberty. Otherwise, based on the studies he has reviewed, it doesn't seem required to attain this level (Epstein, 51-52).
I agree with the conclusions drawn from both Jayanthi's review, as well as Epstein's. Early diversification allows for children to gain experience in multiple sports, allowing them to acquire skills that may be beneficial. Just like it is encouraged for students to study many different subjects in order to work both sides of their brains, and to be well-rounded students, the same can be said for athletes. Not only does diversification prevent burnout and injuries, but perhaps it could possibly aid the athlete in seeing the sport in a new way, eventually taking what he or she has learned from previous sports and applying it to their specialized sport. Even certain professional athletes today didn't specialize until much later, if ever. For example, Danny Ainge, who is currently the general manager for the Boston Celtics, is the only player to be named a high school first team All-American in football, basketball and baseball. He then went on to play basketball at Brigham Young University, where he also played professional baseball for three seasons with the Toronto Blue Jays. After, he went on to play for the Celtics. There are other players like him, who were double or even triple sport college athletes. Did


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The ultrasonic Solar Possum Repeller is Bird Gard's latest addition in the battle against Possums.
Just like our Ultrasonic Possum Deterrent, the Solar Possum Repeller emits quiet ultrasonic frequencies that most people do not hear. The device operates from its built-in Motion Sensor, so it will emit the ultrasonics only when it detects movement such as a Possum or a Tree in the wind.
One unique feature is its ability to sync with other devices. This means if you have two or more Solar Possum Repellers, and any one of these devices detects a Possum, all the devices will automatically emit ultrasonics in support. So using more than one device is effective.
Being solar powered, the device does not need a 240 power point or a power cord. The solar panel keeps the internal batteries charged so it is best to use this device where at least some direct exposure to sunlight will occur.
The device comes supplied with a ground stake so you can easily install the device anywhere in your garden. If you need to get the device up higher there are some keyhole indentations on the back of the device that allow it to be hooked onto some screws or nails.
The device emits an array of frequencies that target a variety of problem animals. There are different settings to repel 'Possums', 'Bats and Rodents' or 'Cats and Dogs' and one setting that targets all animals.
The device is supplied programmed ready to repel Possums however it is easy to do yourself. Just point the dial where it says 'Possums' or at the 'All Mentioned Animals'. You can also activate the additional flashing Strobe Light by pointing the dial to 'Flashing' and use it as an additional deterrent against Possums.
The Motion Sensor has a maximum detection range of 8 metres and a detection angle of 110 degrees ( 70 – 80 sq metres ) in front of the device. The maximum range against Possums is 8 metres however because of a greater spread of the ultrasonics the defended area is up to 200 sq metres.
Solar Possum Deterrent
|Price||$179.00 + freight||$169.50 + freight|
|Warranty||12 months||12 months|
|Money Back Guarantee||60 days||90 days|
|Ultrasonic Range||10 metres (in front)||14 metres (in front)|
|Ultrasonic Emissions||Activated by Motion Sensor only||Random and Intermittent or Motion Sensor|
|Motion Sensor||Max range 8 metres||Max range 14 metres|
|Motion Sensor Detection Angle||110 degrees||120 degrees|
|Modes||Use on Motion Sensor mode||Constant, Constant Sweep and Sensor mode|
|Optional Strobe Light||YES||NO|
|Multiple Settings to Repel other Pests||YES||YES|
|Light Sensor||YES – best used on 24 hour mode||YES|
|Device Sync with other Devices||YES||NO|
|Power Sources||Solar Panel charges the AA rechargeable batteries.||240 power via Adaptor, 12v Battery and 'C' type Batteries.|
|9v Power Cord Length||NO does not need one.||1.7 metres with 10 & 20 metre Extensions available.|

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Data Acquisition Carriage
Description:
The SAFL (Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory) Data Acquisition Carriage is a custom laboratory data aquisition system with the following features:
 - Automated (programmable) x,y,z control of all sensor positions with high (mm-scale) accuracy.
 - Integration of multiple sensors measurements (sonar, water surface scanner, laser elevation scanner, photography).
Sensors are attached to a cart that is attached to the top of a flume or tank on rails. Each Data Acquisition Carriage is uniquely designed to the specifications of the flume or tank in which it is used, but all carriages are built on with common mechanical, sensing, and computer components. Sensors attached to the cart can be customized for specific applications.
Programming of the Data Aquisition Carriage is determined by Microsoft Excel VBA scripts, and data are outputted in comma-delimited formats.
Carts also contain safety features to ensure minimize the risk of injury or equipment damage.
See _URL_ for more information.
Image:
Attribution:
_URL_
Data catalog entry:
Author:


text:
Tear fluid forms the outermost layer of the ocular surface and its characteristics and composition have been connected to various ocular surface diseases. As tear proteomics enables the non-invasive investigation of protein levels in the tear fluid, it has become an increasingly popular approach in ocular surface and systemic disease studies. Glaucoma, which is a set of multifactorial diseases affecting mainly the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells, has also been studied using tear proteomics. In this condition, the complete set of pathophysiological changes occurring in the eye is not yet fully understood, and biomarkers for early diagnosis and accurate treatment selection are needed. More in-depth analyses of glaucoma tear proteomics have started to emerge only more recently with the implementation of LC-MS/MS and other modern technologies. The aim of this review was to examine the published data of the tear protein changes occurring during glaucoma, its topical treatment, and surgical interventions.
- Jufo-taso 1
!!ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Molecular Biology
- Computer Science Applications
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry


Depollution: extracting gold naturally with plants
Afroculture.net
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Depollution: extracting gold naturally with plants
Faced with the dangerousness of gold mining methods by mercury, cyanide or other heavy metals for miners and populations. The mining industry must be active and put in place cleaner solutions with greener methods for the environment.
We are aware that gold is a sector that earns a lot of money. But it is their duty to take care of the planet and protect the people and our environment. Many researchers are working on more environmentally friendly alternative solutions to extract gold from the soil.
What are the different alternative solutions proposed?
Agromine and phitoextraction.
Agromine is emerging. It is the ability of certain plants to accumulate in their tissues high concentrations of minerals without becoming intoxicated. They are "hyperaccumulators". This feature allows them to be used to decontaminate mining sites and quarries, to extract heavy metals or to practice a new form of agriculture on soils rich in metals.
.Some scientists propose to do phytomining. It is a technique for extraction of phytoextraction of gold through plants. They noticed that some natural plants use their roots to extract heavy metals from the soil or air. Metals such as zinc, nickel, cadmium or gold are found in their roots and leaves. For a long time, scientists have studied these hyperaccumulative plants to fight against pollution.
Chris Anderson, an environmental geochemist and expert in gold phytomining at Massey University in New Zealand, has demonstrated that it is possible to obtain mustard plants to suck gold from the soil.
 - 1 / mustard
Comment fonctionne la technologie ?
For Anderson, you need to find a fast-growing plant with lots of above-ground masses of greenery, like mustard, sunflower, or tobacco. Then you have to plant them in the ground where there is gold. When the plant transpires, it takes water from the soil's gold, which accumulates in its biomass, settles on the tiny pores of these leaves. Then, we harvest the plants. Anderson says that getting gold from plants is the easiest part. Gold in plants is gold nanoparticles, which can be of great potential for the chemical industry because it is used as catalysts for chemical reactions.
The use of phytomining, gold can never take the place of artisanal mining.
He explains: "The value of it is in the rehabilitation of polluted mine sites," he added.
"If we can generate revenue by reframing gold, while soil remediation, then that's a good result," said Anderson, who is currently working with researchers from Indonesia to develop a system. sustainable for artisanal small-scale gold miners.
 - 2/ Eucalyptus
Australian scientists have gold particles in eucalyptus wood. The researchers undertook a study to unravel the mystery of this tree. They carefully studied the leaves, twigs and bark of eucalyptus. It is a tree up to 10 meters high, lying to the south and west of Australia. Through their study, the researchers knew that there were ancient explorations in these places. X-ray analysis reveals the presence of gold particles of about 8 microns (millionths of a meter) in eucalyptus cells. The experiments revealed that these particles were absorbed by the tree roots before being transported to the leaves where the concentrations are higher. Research reveals that eucalyptus is able to fetch gold at depths of over 35 meters.
"We were amazed at the ability of eucalyptus to move gold on a road that is the equivalent of a ten-storey building," says Melvyn Lintern, a geochemist at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization in Australia quoted by LiveScience.
But, the amount of gold present in the eucalyptus is extremely small. It would take 500 eucalyptus, growing above a gold deposit, to harvest a lot of gold.
The scientist explains that eucalyptus could serve as a benchmark. They could be used to identify the locations where the gold deposits are located, the depths by the miners. Melvyn Lintern explains that this would be a way to avoid wasting time, money and human resources chasing the precious metal over large areas. For more than 10 years, discoveries of new gold deposits have dropped by 45%.

 - 3/ the mural Alyssum
The mural Alyssum is a plant of the family Brassicaceae. It is a hyperaccumulator plant of nickel up to 100 kg of nickel per hectare. If we can recover nickel with this plant, we can also extract gold.
 - 4/ Cornstarch
 Des chercheurs de la Northwester University ont découvert, par un simple hasard, que l'amidon de maïs est tout aussi efficace que le cyanure ou le mercure, pour l'extraction de l'or.
By a lucky coincidence, a post-doctoral researcher Zhichang Liu wanted to mix two aqueous solutions. Zhichang had mixed a corn starch derivative with dissolved gold salt. Specifically, the first test tube contained a kind of sugar "alpha-cyclodextrin", which resulted from the degradation of starch with a bacterium, with another test tube filled with gold. Surprise, tiny needles have formed. Zhichang was saddened because he hoped to see tiny cubic structures that could store gases or other molecules.
At first, I was disappointed that my experience did not produce cubes, but when I saw the needles, I wanted to learn more about their composition," says researcher Zhichang Liu in a statement released by his university. . This study was published in the journal Nature Communications.
"Zhichang has come up with the magic formula to insulate gold from anything else in an environmentally friendly way," said Fraser Stoddart, who oversaw the research.
Passing from sadness to joy, researcher Zhichang Liu had just found the miracle and ecological formula for extracting gold. These needles are an assembly of 4000 nano son of gold ions, trapped by atoms, water and cyclodextrin.
What do you think?
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Just the other day I was chatting with a coworker about riding the train – she lives in Mount Vernon and mentioned occasionally riding the "red line" into the city. I had to chuckle a little bit – it is usually the uninitiated newbies that refer to the Metro-North lines by their colors. The color of each line, however, is deeply ingrained in all of us. From the signage on the platforms to the printed timetables, we all pretty much know that the Hudson Line is green, the Harlem blue, and the New Haven red. But where did these colors come from, and how long have they represented each line?
Most obvious is the New Haven Line. The New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, of which today's New Haven Line was once a part, long used red for printing and locomotive paint schemes. Although not part of the core Metro-North lines on the east of the Hudson River, I've always thought that the selection of orange to represent the Port Jervis line was a little bit clever – much of the line runs through Orange County. I'm not sure how the Harlem became blue, and the Hudson became green (you'd think it is backwards – blue seems more appropriate for the line that runs along the Hudson River), the two colors have been established long before Metro-North ever came into being. Their first usage on timetables dates back to around 1965.
Blue ink on white paper eventually became the standard for Harlem timetables, though there were a few times over the years where the rules were totally broken. One of the most odd was an early timetable printed by Metro-North in 1983 – in maroon ink. I have no idea why anyone would have thought to print a Harlem Line timetable in maroon – my only assumption is that it was to catch people's attention as it highlighted the electrification project underway north of White Plains.
Most amusingly, you'll note a little mark on the bottom right that reads "Form 112." Form 112 was the number assigned to Upper Harlem timetables since the New York Central days, which at that time meant service from Pawling to Chatham (or in the early 1900′s, North Adams, Massachusetts). It is a little bit odd to see that form number used for service north of White Plains. Calling stations like Valhalla, or Mount Kisco the Upper Harlem seems like blasphemy to me.
Today you won't find form numbers on any of Metro-North's timetables. Their inclusion in the early timetables almost seems like an in-joke amongst the old railroaders working for this new company. You won't see "Upper Harlem" timetables either – the entire line is usually printed in a single timetable, making this particular timetable rare.
Below is the rest of the timetable, which is a bit interesting to see… especially the listing of the fares when Metro-North took over from Conrail in 1983.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Currency of Malaysia: Malaysian ringgit, today's rate RM
The Malaysian Ringgit is the currency of Malaysia. The code of Malaysian ringgit is MYR. We use RM as symbol of Malaysian ringgit. The Malaysian Ringgit is divided in 100 sens. MYR is regulated by Central Bank of Malaysia.
Did you know:
More information: currency converter.
The ringgit of Malaysia
«Ringgit» means «lacy» and refers to the pieces of Spanish coins that circulated in the region during Spanish colonization. 1 ringgit is divided into 100 sen.
Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, more commonly known as «Tunku», was the first prime minister, and up until now the most important one, from 1957 to 1970. This is why Malaysia honors him on the front of all banknotes of the country, where he is features in traditional dress.
On the back, Malaysia presents its economic and technological pride: oil rigs on the 50-ringgit note, the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur on the 5-ringgit note, and even its train, its airline, and its commercial boats on the 10-ringgit note. Despite a very deeply-rooted ancestrally traditional culture, Malaysia doesn't have many ancient or ruined monuments like in Thailand or Indonesia, so they had to create them themselves.
Exchange rate of Malaysian ringgit, currency of Malaysia
1 Malaysian ringgits
10 Malaysian ringgits
5 Malaysian ringgits
50 Malaysian ringgits
100 Malaysian ringgits
Malaysian ringgits
Currency Of Malaysia
flag MYR


Third Circuit Upholds Exclusion of Expert Opinions in Zoloft Litigation
Written on Wednesday, June 21st, 2017 by T.C. Kelly
Filed under: ExpertWitness
A number of lawsuits have alleged that Zoloft, an anti-depressant manufactured by Pfizer, causes heart defects in babies when the drug is taken during pregnancy. The lawsuits turn on expert evidence that Zoloft causes cardiac defects in a fetus when taken early in a pregnancy.
Hundreds of federal lawsuits were consolidated in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, in a process known as multi-district litigation. After excluding expert testimony offered by the plaintiffs' steering committee, the district court judge granted summary judgment to Pfizer and dismissed the cases without a trial. That decision was appealed to the Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
Epidemiologist Testimony
The plaintiffs' steering committee initially relied on the expert opinions of epidemiologist Anick Bérard. The trial court excluded Dr. Bérard's proposed testimony because he relied (in the court's words) on the "novel technique of drawing conclusions by examining 'trends' (often statistically non-significant) across selected studies."
After Bérard was excluded as an expert witness, the plaintiffs' steering committee proposed to call Nicholas Jewell, a statistician, to prove causation. Pfizer filed a Daubert motion to exclude Jewell's testimony. The court's decision to grant that motion was affirmed on appeal.
Jewell's Testimony
Jewell analyzed studies that found a significant association between Zoloft and cardiac defects. The court declined to consider one of those studies because scientists who tried to replicate its results could not do so, and declined to consider another because the study contained an error that invalidated its results.
The trial court expressed concerns about the remaining studies because those that reached consistent results were based on the same database, while a study with a larger database failed to replicate those results. Jewell could not explain the inconsistency in a way that satisfied the court.
The trial judge also faulted Jewell for relying on statistically insignificant results, for disregarding a meta-analysis that reported insignificant associations between Zoloft and cardiac defects, for reanalyzing two studies that found no significant association between Zoloft and cardiac defects, and for conducting his own meta-analysis that included two studies but disregarded others.
The trial judge ultimately found that Jewell "failed to consistently apply the scientific methods he articulates, has deviated from or downplayed certain well-established principles in his field, and has inconsistently applied methods and standards to his data so as to support his a priori opinion."
The Appeal
The question on appeal was whether the judge crossed the elusive line between acting as a gatekeeper to prevent the jury from hearing unreliable testimony and acting as a juror by judging the credibility of Jewell's opinions.
The court of appeals noted that a judge must take care not to usurp the jury's role. A trial court should exclude expert testimony only when the flaw in the expert's methodology, or application of the methodology, is so large that the expert lacks "good grounds" for his or her conclusions.
Statistical Significance
According to the court of appeals, the central question on appeal was "whether statistical significance is necessary to prove causality." Declining to state "a bright-line rule," the court conceded that a causal connection between drug ingestion and a resulting harm may exist even in the absence of statistically significant findings. For example, studies of small populations might not detect significant differences in outcomes between pregnant mothers who took a drug and those who did not, while studies of larger populations (if they existed) might detect that difference.
Still, it was the plaintiffs' obligation to prove a causal connection between Zoloft and birth defects. The court concluded that statistical significance is not a "magic criterion" of admissibility, but regarded it as "an important metric to distinguish between results supporting a true association and those resulting from mere chance."
The plaintiffs argued that the district court erroneously required "replicated, significant epidemiological results before inferring causality." The appellate court decided that the trial judge did not impose that requirement as a legal standard, but made a factual finding about what the teratology community generally requires to establish causality. Of course, the difference between a factual finding and a legal standard is murky when the factual finding drives the court's decision about whether the legal standard of reliability has been satisfied.
The court based its finding about what the teratology community requires on the court's own review of the scientific literature to determine the "prevailing standard" that scientists follow. Although proof that a scientific methodology has been generally accepted is not required by Daubert, it is a factor the court can consider. Since the court also considered (and rejected) alternative methodologies used by Jewell and Bérard, including general trends analysis, reexamination of studies, and meta-analysis, the court of appeals decided that the trial court did not create an inappropriate legal standard that applies in all cases.
"Weight of Evidence" Methodology
Jewell's expert opinions rested on a combination of two methodologies: a "weight of evidence" analysis and the Bradford Hill criteria. A weight of evidence analysis invokes a chain of reasoning to arrive at the best answer to a question. The Bradford Hill criteria are principles that epidemiologists use to distinguish a mere association from a causal connection.
The court of appeals agreed that the weight of evidence analysis and the Bradford Hill criteria are reliable methodologies for determining causation. The appellate court agreed with the trial court, however, that Jewell failed to apply the methodologies in a reliable way.
The court noted that "flexible methodologies" require an expert to make choices by, for instance, assigning more weight to one factor than another. Reliable application of a flexible methodology requires the expert to justify those choices with sound scientific reasoning. It is that reliance on the scientific method that distinguishes the reliable application of a methodology from an outcome-driven assessment of evidence.
The court of appeals accepted that methodologies such as trend analysis, meta-analysis, and reanalysis may be reliable, but faulted Jewell for failing to apply those techniques reliably and for failing to failing to explain how his analysis supported selected Bradford Hill criteria. According to the court, Jewell "applied these techniques inconsistently, without explanation, to different subsets of the body of evidence."
The court of appeals rejected some of the trial court's reasoning. Unlike the trial court, the court of appeals did not think it is inherently problematic for one scientist to reanalyze data obtained by another scientist and to arrive at a different conclusion as a result of that reanalysis. The court of appeals also thought the trial judge usurped the jury's role in concluding that one study cannot replicate another when both studies are based on the same population, a proposition that Jewell disputed. The court of appeals nevertheless concluded that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in concluding that Jewell's conclusions were insufficiently reliable to satisfy Daubert.
About T.C. Kelly
About T.C. Kelly


text:
| < December >
|Normal Max/ High Temperature
|Min/ Low Temperature
|Average Sea or Water Temp
|Number of Wet Days (probability of rain on a day)
|Average Daylight per day
|Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day.
- The average sea tempeature is 15 °C (59 °F).
- The average temperature in Chios in December is quite mild at 12.5 °C (54.5 °F).
- Afternoons can be mild with average high temperatures reaching 15 °C (59 °F).
- Overnight temperatures are generally quite mild with an average low of 10 °C (50 °F).
- In December the variation/ range of daily average temperatures is 5 °C (9 °F).
- The weather in December is a little damp with rain once in a while. Some 158mm (6.2in) of H2O accrues during an average of 15 days.
- The shortest day is 9:28 long and the longest day is 9:40 long with an average length of 9:31.
Check the distance to and compare the Chios December averages with somewhere beginning with:
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | All
Weather Trend Graph for December in Chios, Greece
Navigate to December Weather in Locations Surrounding Chios:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Rising Damp Treatment Guide
What is Rising Damp?
Rising Damp is caused by moisture rising from the ground into the walls of a building. Damp is able to rise up the walls because most construction materials contain tiny pores. These pores 'suck' water from the ground, causing moisture to rise up the wall in the same way that oil rises through the wick of a lamp.
Dryzone damp-proofing cream works by preventing moisture rising through these pores.
How high does it rise?
The height to which rising damp will rise up a wall depends on a number of factors including the size of the pores in the wall, the type of wallpaper or paint on the wall, and the degree of dampness in the ground. In most cases, rising damp is unlikely to rise above 1.5 metres. However, in extreme cases (e.g. where the wall has been covered with an impervious membrane) moisture can rise more than 2 metres up the wall.
How do I know if I have Rising Damp?
Dryzone is specifically designed for the treatment of rising damp, so it is important to be certain that this is the cause of dampness before treatment begins. Other types of dampness that affect buildings (e.g. condensation, lateral damp, penetrating damp) are treated in different ways.
Further information about diagnosing rising damp can be found in our free publication "Rising Damp and its Control" which can be downloaded free of charge from HERE.


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iHeartRadio Intricacies: Avast Blocking Login Woes
Start by addressing any rule violations privately with those involved and attempt mediation if possible – sometimes all it takes is open communication and understanding among conflicting parties for harmony to be restored.
In situations where multiple similar channels exist, consolidation might be necessary to streamline your server's organization. However, deleting channels without proper planning can lead to confusion and frustration among members who were actively using them. To avoid this dilemma, consider merging similar channels into one or creating a new channel that encompasses the topics covered by the ones you plan to delete. This way, users won't lose access to ongoing discussions or feel left out.
Lastly, it is crucial to remember that deleting text channels should always be done with caution and consideration for your community's needs. Before making any decisions, take the time to evaluate whether deletion is truly necessary or if there are alternative solutions available.
Seek feedback from your community members through polls or open discussions – their input can provide valuable insights and help you make informed choices.
In conclusion, handling Discord dilemmas related to deleting text channels requires finesiHeartRadio Intricacies: Avast Blocking Login Woes
In today's digital age, music streaming platforms have become an integral part of our lives. One such platform that has gained immense popularity is iHeartRadio. With its vast collection of radio stations and personalized playlists, it offers a seamless listening experience to millions of users worldwide. can't login to iheartradio avast However, recently some users have been facing login issues with iHeartRadio due to Avast blocking the website. Let's delve into the intricacies of this problem and explore possible solutions.
Avast is a well-known antivirus software that provides protection against various online threats. It uses advanced algorithms to detect potentially harmful websites and prevent users from accessing them. While this feature is crucial for maintaining cybersecurity, sometimes it can lead to false positives where safe websites are mistakenly blocked.
Several iHeartRadio users have reported encountering login problems when trying to access the website or app while using Avast antivirus software.
This issue arises because Avast flags certain elements on the iHeartRadio platform as potential security risks, preventing users from logging in or accessing their accounts.
The reasons behind these false positives can be attributed to several factors like outdated virus definitions or conflicts between Avast and specific components used by iHeartRadio for authentication purposes. Regardless of the cause, being unable to log in can be frustrating for avid music lovers who rely on iHeartRadio for their daily dose of entertainment.
So what can you do if you're facing this issue? The first step is identifying whether your login woes are indeed caused by Avast blocking iHeartRadio. You can try disabling your antivirus temporarily and see if you're able to log in successfully without any error messages popping up.
If disabling Avast resolves the problem, then it confirms that your antivirus software was causing the blockage. In such cases, updating your virus definitions might help resolve any compatibility issues between Avast and iHeartRadio's authentication system.
Another solution could be adding iHeartRadio to the list of exceptions or exclusions in Avast's settings.


text:
Scheduling Custom Django Management Commands
Last updated October 18, 2021
Create a custom management command
Create the Python file
Custom Django management commands are nested within a Django project's apps. For this tutorial, if the Django project contains more than one app, decide which app the custom management command will most closely relate to, and use that app to follow the steps below.
A Django project contains one or more apps. In this tutorial, you'll be working within one of the apps and not the overall Django project.
The Python file that contains the code for the custom command is nested inside several directories:
- At the root level of the Django app, create a directory called
commandscreate a file named something similar to
print_book_titles.py. Stylistically, the name you choose for this file should reference the outcome of the task when it runs.
At this stage, the app's file tree will look similar to this:
Django automatically maps the name of the command file to the command that is run in the CLI (
python manage.py print_book_titles)
Code the command's logic
The following code snippet is for a short custom management command. View the Django documentation on Writing custom django-admin commands for guidance on more complex needs.
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError
from some_app.models import Book
help = 'Prints all book titles in the database'
books = Book.objects.all()
for book in books:
self.stdout.write(self.style.ERROR('Field "title" does not exist.'))
self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('Successfully printed all Book titles'))
return statement at the end of each logical flow of the
handle() function so Heroku Scheduler knows when it can shut down. This ensures you are only charged for dyno time that is needed to run the job.
Verify the command works as expected
Ensure the command works by running it in a one-off dyno:
- From the CLI, run
heroku run bash -a your-app-name
- Navigate to the directory containing
python manage.py
Setup Heroku Scheduler
Provision the Add-on
Schedule the job
Open the Heroku Scheduler tool by following the steps in Heroku Scheduler - Scheduling Jobs. When prompted, enter
python manage.py as the command to run.
manage.py file is not at the root level of the Heroku app's git repo, the command that is run within Heroku Scheduler will need to first navigate to the directory that contains the
manage.py file. The command would look something like
cd my-project && python manage.py .


text:
Excellence Awards honour best and brightest of Flanders' scientists
The Foundation for Scientific Research has announced the recipients of its Excellence Awards, which recognise outstanding contributions to science every five years
From the stars to our eyes
Three of the Excellence Awards laureates this year are professors at KU Leuven, and two come from the life sciences research institute VIB.
Astrophysicist Conny Aerts (pictured) has won the Excellence Award for Exact Sciences. She is a professor at KU Leuven and a pioneer of asteroseismology, the study of the internal structure of stars. She has developed rigorous mathematical models to detect and identify non-radial stellar oscillations (repetitive movements) within stars.
The FWO award is the icing on the cake of a long string of recognitions for Dr Aerts, including two of the EU's ERC Advanced Grant and the 2012 Francqui Prize, known as the Belgian Nobel Prize. She was the first woman to win the Francqui Prize in its 79-year history. She is also the first woman to win the Excellence Award in Exact Sciences.
Eliminating fossil fuels
Wout Boerjan of the VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology has won the Excellence Award in Applied Sciences for his ground-breaking research into the structure of lignin, found in plant tissues. His work to engineer plant cell walls that are easier to convert to fermentable sugars has been seminal in advancing the progress of plant biomass, a replacement for limited fossil fuels. This has been instrumental in paving the way to a sustainable bio-economy.
"I am honoured to receive this award," says professor Boerjan, "which would not have been possible without the great efforts of my team and the excellent research environment provided by VIB and Ghent University. In addition, it is great that my team can contribute to achieving a more sustainable society."
We are supported by a good research and biotech climate in Flanders, which can compete with the best in the world
Another VIB-UGent researcher, Bart Lambrecht, was awarded an Excellence Award, this time in the category Fundamental Biomedical Science. Part of the Center for Inflammation Research, professor Lambrecht was recognised for his outstanding work in pinpointing the function of the immune system in various lung diseases such as asthma and viral infections.
Also a physician, Lambrecht is one of few clinicians who bridge the gap between immunology research and applications in patients. In doing so, his work on the basic mechanisms of inflammatory diseases has led to several new drug candidates. Dr Lambrecht is also the winner of an ERC Advanced Grant and the Francqui Prize.
"I am very proud of this award, which is the result of years of hard work by a very dedicated team of colleagues at VIB and Ghent University," he says. "We are also supported by a good research and biotech climate in Flanders, which can compete with the best in the world."
KU Leuven professor Guy Boeckxstaens of the Department of Translational Research and Gastroenterology Disorders has won the Excellence Award in Clinical Biomedical Sciences. The winner of numerous national and international awards, including two ERC Advance Grants, Dr Boeckxstaens has devoted his career to advancing treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
His research has identified interactions between the nervous system and the immune system in causing disorders in the gastrointestinal tract. His findings have improved diagnosis and treatment for diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux, irritable bowel syndrome, dyspepsia and chronic constipation.
Finally, Johan Wagemans, the chair of KU Leuven's Department of Brain and Cognition, has won the Excellence Award for Humanities and Social Sciences. With a background in both psychology and philosophy, professor Wagemans has contributed invaluable research to the study of visual perception, especially shape, object and scene perceptions.
Dr Wagemans has also studied visual perception in people with autism, schizophrenia and cerebral visual impairments as well as in the field of arts and sport – useful to understanding referee calls.
Launched in 1960, today the Excellence Awards come with a €100,000 prize. Researchers cannot apply for the award themselves but are nominated by peers from Belgium and abroad. An independent jury of international scientists screens the nominations and selects one laureate in each area.
The award ceremony will be held in December in the presence of King Filip. The laureates will then receive their prize money and a unique work of art created especially for the occasion by famous Flemish sculptor Tom Frantzen.
Photos, from top: ©KU Leuven, _URL_ Images Plus


text:
Datatoys Digital Video Systems for Harsh Environments were designed for Geospatial applications such as Mission Recording, Mission Debriefing, Utilities Inspection, Firefighting, Search & Rescue and more.
How it works
Datatoys Video Systems technology records a video to solid state storage while georeferencing it with coordinates and other pertinent information.
What is Georeferencing and How we use it
Datatoys Video Systems provide a combination of video and geographical information to create a Georeference-enabled video of a particular physical item or a collection thereof. To georeference is to associate objects (items) with places (locations). Georeferencing is used in conjunction with a GIS (also known as a graphical information system) to describe the process of associating a physical map with spatial locations. Georeferencing may be applied to any object related to a geographical location, such as points of interest, waypoints, roads, places, bridges, buildings and so forth.
With the ability to sync GPS data with onboard video, Datatoys systems increase productivity and reduce overall costs. As a part of the Datatoys Geospatial and utility (pipeline and power line) Inspection Kit, we include a 1-user license of LineVision Software. This kit is designed specifically for synchronizing on-board video, way points (points of interested), and other Georeferencing data in real-time.
AirKnight HD Series
Full 1080p60 HD airborne video recorder designed for professional aircraft operations. Record one or two 3G-SDI, HD-SDI or HDMI Inputs to USB or SD or Switch between up to four HD-SDI high definition cameras.
- Single and Multi Channel Recording
- AirKnight HD = single channel, single hd camera recording
- AirKnight HD2 = dual channel, dual hd cameras recording
- AirKnight HD4S = single channel, single to quad hd cameras recording
- High Definition 3GSDI 1080p60
- High Definition HDSDI 1080p30
- High Definition HDMI
- CVBS NTSC / PAL
- Works with high definition HD bullet and other high definition HD cameras
- GPS Data Recording and Overlay
- Telemetry Acquisition
- Record to USB or SD solid state media
Datatoys HD Mini Bullet Camera
Datatoys HD Mini Bullet Cameras features the full HD high definition HD-SDI 1080p resolution while being rugged, durable and compact.
It is best used with Datatoys AirKnight HD, HD2 and HD4S
- Full 1080p30 through HD-SDI.
- Fully Adjustable Settings.
- Easy to Mount.
- 6 Lens Options available (20 to 115 degrees FOV)
Input four HD cameras and output a completely customizable Multi-View HD video stream to a recorder or monitor.
- High Definition 1080p60 inputs.
- Accepts SDI, HD-SDI, & 3G-SDI
- Completely Customizable Output
- 10-32VDC Wide Range Input


My Hypothesis
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Investigation into factors that affect recover rate after exercise. What is recovery rate?
* Age
* Gender
* Temperature
* Weight
* Height
* Blood pressure
* Fitness level
Do males have a faster recovery heart rate than females?
I believe that genders will affect the recovery rate after exercise because the male human has always had certain physical advantages over females such as increased muscle mass, larger bones and great aggression / aggressiveness in times where needed. Knowing this I could say that probably in exercising hands would have to put further effort to keep up with the work rate of a male human BEING / TO KEEP THE WORK RATE BALANCED.
The question opposed is whether or not the hearty rate of the male will recover faster than that of the female. My hypothesis is that the males heart rate would fall considerably faster than a female after a certain amount of time participating in intense physical activity. To be honest it is known already that males dominate females in the physical world in most cases. In addition to what I had said earlier males have much larger natural muscle mass, less body fat and a physique that is designed for superiority in the physical world. Therefore it can only be assumed that the most important muscle of all (the heart) would also superior in its performance. What I am trying to insinuate is that after physical activity – males heart reacts / work faster than the heart of a female.
What are the best methods to measure some factors:
| Equipment| Why?|
Resting heart - rate| 1).carotid pulse (neck)2).redial pulse (wrist)Place index and middle finger on either side of neck and count the number of beats per min.* Place index and middle finger on opposite wrist about ½ inches on the inside of the joint in line with the index finger. Count number of beats in one min.| * Not accurate * Relying on yourself * Not precise. It's possible that you can skip beats.| wight| Same as what u wrote for the | Best equipment|
Recovery rate| Some as best equipment| |
What equipment and methods am I going to use?
| Best equipment| Why?|
Resting hour| Heart rate monitor| We would use a heart rate monitor because it is precise and gives a digital reading. Why it is good to have a digital reading is because you can clearly see the observation.| height| ruler| We would use a ruler because its accurate. However using a ruler is not 100% precise units are small (mm)| Blood pressure| Blood pressure monitor| Accurate and precise| weight| Digital and electronic scale| Accurate and precise| Recovery time| Heart rate monitors (time for one minute record). Then rest for 1 min.Take Heart rate for one minute. repeat steps 1-2 until resting heart rate is achieved| Accurate and precise because it is digital.|
How to measure heart rate
Measuring Heart Rate
Your heart rate can be taken at any spot on the body at which an artery is close to the surface and a pulse can be felt. The most common places to measure heart rate using the palpation method is at the wrist (radial artery) and the neck (carotid artery). Other places sometimes used are the elbow (brachial artery) and the groin (femoral artery). You should always use your fingers to take a pulse, not your thumb, particularly when recording someone else's pulse, as you can sometimes feel your own pulse through...
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text:
Natural Solutions Tool
The Chicago-Calumet River Watershed Council has launched a process to co-create a multi-benefit green infrastructure project prioritization tool, called the Natural Solutions Tool, to help guide the work of the Watershed Council partnership.
A video overview of this project and a demonstration of how it works can be viewed here.
The Natural Solutions Tool creation process is being administered by Friends of the Chicago River in partnership with The Trust for Public Land's Climate-Smart Cities program. This type of tool has been successfully implemented in 14 other U.S. metro areas and has become a resource for decision makers to implement strategic green infrastructure projects. Examples of completed similar tools include Los Angeles, Boston, and Camden, NJ.
More information about the tool creation process can be found here.
We convene a team of local experts and use a Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyze and display information that is geographically referenced, on multiple topics.
(1) Healthy communities: Address existing environmental conditions, such as urban heat islands and air pollution, which cause or exacerbate human health inequities.
(2) Equitable: Guide investments to areas of the greatest need, including economically disconnected and Black and Brown communities where individuals disproportionately suffer from environmental stressors and are denied environmental benefits.
(3) Connected: Use trails and greenways to connect people between residential areas, parks, and natural areas.
(4) Resilient water systems: Promote the natural absorption of rainfall to increase resiliency, improve water quality, and reduce community flooding.
(5) Natural: Protect or restore living landscapes to expand biodiversity and support communities of native species, especially those that are threatened and endangered.
The tool, currently in development, will combine spatial data layers to pinpoint at the neighborhood and parcel scale where investments in green infrastructure and other nature-based solutions can achieve one or more of the above objectives. For example, the combination of criteria representing heat islands, tree canopy cover, and equity data can identify opportunities to plant shade trees and reduce residents' heat stress in areas of greatest need.
Project Geographic Scope:
The tool will be using a watershed perspective, covering sub-watersheds in part of Cook County, Lake, Will, and DuPage Counties.
Photo: Caroline O'Boyle (right), Chicago Program Director for the Trust for Public Land, and Adam Flickinger from Friends staff launching the project with the Watershed Council in October of 2021.
In addition to the tool creation, the Watershed Council has identified a coinciding catalytic multi-benefit ecosystem restoration project at Indian Ridge Marsh-South in partnership with the Chicago Park District. Learn more about this Watershed Council pilot project here.


Pricing update: Free users
Previewing Portable Text
How to configure previews of Portable Text in the Studio
Sometimes you want to use the content from a block array in previews. Here's an example of how to get the first block text from a block array, concatenate the text from its spans and use as title for a preview:
{
 type: 'object',
 name: 'someTypeWithBlockArray'
 fields: [
 {
 name: 'blocks',
 type: 'array',
 of: [
 {type: 'block'}
 ]
 }
 ],
 preview: {
 select: {
 blocks: 'blocks'
 },
prepare(value) {
const block = (value.blocks || []).find(block => block._type === 'block')
return {
title: block
? block.children
.filter(child => child._type === 'span')
.map(span => span.text)
.join('')
: 'No title'
}
}
} }
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Skip to definition.
Noun: medlar tree
 1. Small deciduous Eurasian tree cultivated for its fruit that resemble crab apples
 - medlar, Mespilus germanica
Derived forms: medlar trees
Type of: fruit tree
Part of: genus Mespilus, Mespilus
Encyclopedia: Medlar tree


text:
Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) is warning motorists that collisions between deer and vehicles increase in certain parts of Scotland at this time of year.
Car accidents involving deer peak, as the clocks turn back.
With the nights starting earlier, the peak commuting time coincides with deer coming out to feed on grass verges near roadsides.
SNH, in conjunction with Transport Scotland and Traffic Scotland, are placing warning messages on electronic variable messaging signs.
From Monday of this week to Monday, 14 November, the signs will warn motorists at key locations on the main trunk roads across West and Northwest Scotland. These messages will be seen on signs on the A9, A87, A82 and the A835.
The latest deer-vehicle collisions research shows there are more than 7000 deer-related accidents every year in Scotland
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Weather for Ellon
Sunday 19 May 2013
Temperature: 9 C to 13 C
Wind Speed: 7 mph
Wind direction: East
Temperature: 8 C to 13 C
Wind Speed: 22 mph
Wind direction: North west


In baseball, a pitchout is a ball that is intentionally thrown high and outside of the strike zone with the purpose of preventing a stolen base or thwarting a hit and run. The pitcher delivers the ball in such a manner for it to be unhittable and in a position where the catcher can quickly leap to his feet to catch it. A well-thrown pitchout will allow the catcher to receive the ball standing up as opposed to his usual squat, giving him a better line to throw to a base without the pitcher or the batter obstructing his vision or aim. Moreover, it is easier to throw a ball with more force from a standing position than it is from a squat, which is why most catchers leap to their feet when attempting to throw out a base stealer.
The pitchout is often called for when the battery believes that an existing baserunner is likely to attempt a steal, and forms one of the two (with the pickoff) main countermeasures a pitcher can take against a potential stealer. A runner attempting to steal on a pitchout will have an extremely difficult time beating the throw to second base and almost no chance of stealing third barring a mistake by the catcher or the third baseman.
The pitchout is also used against the hit and run. As the pitch is unhittable, the runner will have to attempt a straight steal, and for the reasons described above will usually fail.
A pitchout is thrown in around the same location as an intentional ball, but differs in that a pitchout is thrown harder to give the catcher the most time to throw out the baserunner. Of course, a pitchout is technically an intentional ball, but the term is not used to describe the pitchout in conversation.
See also: List of baseball pitches
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Dear readers, today we are going to talk about articulated dumpers, and more precisely we wish to give you a few tips on how to decide if an ADT suits your needs.
The worst mistake one can make is thinking that it doesn't matter whether to use a rigid or an articulated dumper (ADT) for transporting material. It's true that both have great load capacity, but each of them has some peculiar features and specifications. So, before choosing the vehicle to buy, identify the jobs that the ADT will have to carry out. And keep in mind the following points:
 1. Performing operations efficiently
ADTs have been designed to rapidly and safely move large quantities of material, minimizing the cost per ton of the transported material. Compared to rigid dumpers and other earthmoving vehicles, ADTs work well on soft terrain, and usually they are the first to be used in development stage at a site, when ground conditions are the least favorable ones. Choosing the right ADT can help you increase productivity and optimize haulage times.
 1. Choosing the right loading equipment
The question is: How can you increase productivity limiting the number of travels? Well, if you choose an ADT with the right loading equipment, so operators don't have to wait too long between one and another loading operation.
 1. Scheduled maintenance
We all know the cost of machine downtime, especially if due to equipment failure. The solution is to act before something happens: a special maintenance program is essential to keep your vehicle's performance unchanged and to ensure a longer life-cycle. So, before you make your decision about which ADT to buy, check that you can easily reach the engine compartment and the transmission. Regularly check:
 - the lubrication system to avoid failure due to lack of grease.
 - the tire pressure and tire wear.
 - the engine temperature to avoid damages and expensive repairs.
To prevent unpleasant accidents, you can address to companies that are specialized in scheduled maintenance, and observe also the other maintenance recommendations.
 1. Increasing versatility through more options and accessories
ADTs can be equipped with accessories to increase their potential. Some models have a heating kits that are essential in the coldest season, because it helps moving the engine exhaust through the exhaust body channels, avoiding possible freezing. The cold start-up kit and the heated rear-view mirrors are other useful options for ADTs employed in areas with particularly harsh winters.
 1. Choosing the right tire depending on the application
An important topic we often deal with. Always choose the tires that are suitable for both the equipment and the application. Never undervalue this aspect. By the way...
BKT recommends…
ADTs require extremely resistant and performing tires to support heavy loads. Earthmax SR 41 has been specifically designed for this task. It's a radial tire with an All Steel structure - ideal for all those operations that require traction and stability on particularly tough terrains.
This tire boasts a deep tread class E-4/L-4, which not only increases the tire life-cycle, but also provides maximum resistance to punctures and foreign matters.
Made of the BKT's latest-generation compounds, this tire is available in two different versions: with a cut resistant compound for terrains full of debris of various kind and with a standard compound for mixed applications requiring well-balanced performance.
In short, Earthmax SR 41 is the right tire for your articulated dumpers. Discover the available sizes on our website.
How to choose the right ADT for haulage operations? 2


Brain injury turns Italian man into Frenchman with poor language skills
Article content
A brain injury has turned an Italian man French, even though he doesn't speak the language very well.
Scientists from the University of Edinburgh and the Somma Lombardo Hospital in Italy, detailed the man's odd condition in the medical journal Cortex.
The man, who is 50 and described only by his initials, JC, had a brain injury stemming from an arterial anomaly four years ago. Abruptly afterwards, he began to talk in French. He only reads French magazines, enjoys French movies and eats French food.
The researchers said JC's previous history with French amounted to high school language classes and a "fling" with a French woman while the man was in his 20s. This was the first time he had used the language in 30 years.
Despite his newfound desire to speak French -- what the scientists call a "compulsive foreign language syndrome" -- JC still can't speak it very well.
But what he lacks in accuracy, he makes up for in "exaggerated intonation," the scientists say.
And he doesn't let it get him down: "unjustified euphoria," they call it -- even offering to teach his neighbours how to speak French.
"When a trauma to the brain occurs -- due to a car accident or a stroke, tumour, or other causes -- some parts of the network may be spared while some others temporarily or irreversibly damaged," Regina Jokel, a speech-language pathologist told ABC News in 2010, after studying a Croatian teen who began speaking German.
Article content
This Week in Flyers


Quick Answer: How Many Amps Does A Block Heater Draw?
How many amps does a 7.3 block heater use?
Fran if you plug it into a gfci house receptacle does it kick the gfi? If it does then its time for a new cord and/or heater. If it doesn't then obviously it doesn't play nice with your generator. It draws around 9 amps or so unless its shorted somewhere.
Can you plug two block heaters into outlet?
Yes, the block heater must be less than 1800W in order to be plugged into a conventional 15A circuit. However, you can't plug ten of them in on the same circuit.
How many amps does a 1000 watt block heater draw?
A 1000 watt heater at 120 volts ac would draw about 9 amps.
How many watts is a block heater?
How Many Watts Does a Block Heater Use? A 110-volt block heater typically uses between 400 watts and 1500 watts of power. Most block heaters that are larger than 1800 watts require 220-volt wiring.
You might be interested: Often asked: What Does Ionizer Do On A Heater?
How many amps does a diesel truck block heater draw?
The one kilowatt block heater draws about 10 amps.
How many amps does a semi starter draw?
A good starter will normally draw 60 to 150 amps with no load on it, and up to 250 amps under load (while cranking the engine). The no-load amp draw will vary depending on the type of starter. If the amp draw is too high, the starter needs to be replaced.
Do you need a special extension cord for block heater?
Experts say you should use a three-wire, three-pronged extension cord for your block heater. Make sure it has a good rating for outdoor winter use. Check your block heater and extension cords regularly. Make sure the cords are not frayed, cracked or there's no corrosion from salt on the block heater plug.
Can I use a block heater cord as an extension cord?
This can cause damage to the extension cord, block heater cord and plug. Officials recommend using a three-wire, three-pronged extension cord that is rated for the outdoors to plug in block heaters.
How many amps does a Duramax block heater use?
Pulls 15 AMPs at 1800 Watts so you need at least a 20 AMP breaker.
How much power does a Cummins block heater use?
The block heater pulls around 13 amps. I dought if that jump start pack would last for very long. you also need to see what the A/C output is before you buy.
Does a block heater run continuously?
It runs continuously. But if you're worried about overheating the truck by leaving it on too long, don't. I routinely leave mine plugged in for days on end with no ill effects (other than the electric bill).
You might be interested: Often asked: How To Change Out A Hot Water Heater?
How many watts is a f150 block heater?
Depending on the type of factory installed equipment, your engine block heater system may consume anywhere between 400 watts or 1000 watts of power per hour. Your factory installed block heater system does not have a thermostat; however, maximum temperature is attained after approximately three hours of operation.
Is it bad to leave a block heater plugged in overnight?
One thing that most can agree on is that the maximum amount of time you should leave the engine block heater plugged in for is four hours. Any more and you're just wasting electricity. You should also plan for plugging your vehicle in for at least two hours to ensure it will start.
Are block heaters expensive?
Block heaters can rang in cost between around $40.00 to around $120.00. With the typical and most popular ones in use today, seem to be right around $70.00!
How much does it cost to run a block heater?
Assuming your electrical cost is 15 cents per KWH running this 500W thing overnight for 12 hours will cost you 6 kWh of energy or 90 cents. It will cost more if you have a higher wattage heater and if you run it more than 12 hours.
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text:
BAIHATA CHARIALI, July 2 - State Environment and Forest Minister, Parimal Suklabaidya inaugurated the 69th Van Mahotsav yesterday. The function was centrally organised at Garopahar Jarashal Reserve Forest at Rani under Kamrup district by the Environment and Forest Department of the State. This year, the main objective of the Mahotsav is to plant saplings.
On the occasion, the department organised a public meeting to create awareness among the masses about the need of plantation and conservation of bio-diversity for the welfare of human beings.
Participating in the meeting as the chief guest, Suklabaidya spoke about the significance of the Mahotsav and called upon the people of the State to create a habit of planting saplings on every auspicious festival.
Attending the meeting Naba Kumar Doley, Minister of State for Environment and Forest urged the people to extend their active co-operation and support to the Forest Department of the State through massive plantation so that a healthy environment could be grown. In the programme, Chief Conservator of Forest, Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) including a number of higher officials of the department participated.
Meanwhile, North Kamrup (NK) Division of the Forest office also celebrated the Mahotsav at the Saraighat Lake park premises at Amingaon in association with Shyamalima, a wing of Rotary Club, Guwahati city. The programme was inaugurated by Kamal Kumar Baishya, Deputy Commissioner of Kamrup in presence of Chandan Bora and Dilip Deka, DFOs of NK division of forest office and social forestry, Nalbari respectively.
In the inaugural ceremony, a sapling plantation drive in the park premises was carried out by the Forest Department staff under the leadership of Nripen Kalita, ACF of NK division Forest office and Rabin Baishya, Range Officer of Sila range Forest office. Moreover, free sapling distribution programme among the people was also organised by the workers of the department.


text: Liver fluke infection is a major health concern in Southeast Asia as well as Eastern Europe. The trematode culprit of opisthorchiasis is consumed when people eat raw or uncooked fish; ingestion of metacercariae (pictured on the cover) results in infection. In a Feature review by Sripa et al. on pp. 395–407, bile duct cancer caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is addressed, including the pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis and the hope that recent post-genomic advances will aid in controlling this deadly cancer. Photo: courtesy of Banchob Sripa.


text:
Research Strategy: Working to Australian MS Research Strengths
MS Research Australia implements an informed scientific agenda to accelerate advances that will prevent, better treat and ultimately cure multiple sclerosis.
The MS Research Australia scientific agenda focuses on funding research that will increase our understanding of the biology driving MS and how to stop MS from triggering the disease, causing further damage and how to repair existing damage that can reverse disability. This is a medium to long-term strategy. It requires extensive funding, collaboration and coordination.
In the short term, MS Research Australia funds clinical research that measures the benefits of alternative symptom management approaches. Social research through the Australian MS Longitudinal Study measures the physical, social and economic impact of MS on Australians for advocacy and service development purposes.
MS Research Australia Research Strategy Overview
- What triggers MS? Can we prevent the onset of MS?
- What biology is driving MS? How can we stop it?
- Can existing neural damage be repaired or replaced?
To address these significant unknowns, MS Research Australia invests in five research streams. Funding in these streams includes both investigator-driven applications and 'platform' funding (see a summary in the table, and more detailed information below):
|Research Stream||MS Research Australia Funded Research|
|1. Social and Applied Research||
|2. Genetics and Epidemiology|
|3. Immunology and Virology||
|5. Clinical Trials|
How MS Research Australia Identifies High Quality Research
MS Research Australia identifies significant MS research in two ways; the first is via an annual peer-review process, the second is by proactively identifying, coordinating and funding major collaborative projects called 'Platforms'.
1. Supporting Serendipitous Discoveries
Each year MS Research Australia initiates a rigorous international peer-review process to identify high quality MS research to fund. Annually MS Research Australia will fund approximately $2million in projects and capacity-building grants including fellowships and scholarships.
MS Research Australia grants give scientists an opportunity to focus on generating new insights that inform our understanding of the disease. Capacity building is an investment in the future of MS research by creating opportunities for early career researchers to gain scientific training, to learn from leading MS experts and nurture a commitment to cure MS. These early career researchers are the next generation of MS experts.
For more information on:
2. PLATFORMS: Proactively Accelerating Blue Sky Research
Platforms represent a major investment in infrastructure or a collaboration that will accelerate MS research activity. MS Research Australia acts as a catalyst for blue sky research. We work with researchers to undertake the research that other funding agencies consider 'too risky' to fund but has the potential to yield the greatest outcomes for People with MS.
With guidance from the broader scientific and health professional community, MS Research Australia establishes and maintains national collaborations to address scientific questions that no one researcher could solve in isolation.
Currently, MS Research Australia has several Platforms underway including:
- MSRA Gene Bank and ANZgene Consortium
- MSRA Brain Bank
- MSRA Clinical Trials Network
- Australian MS Longitudinal Study
- Proteomics Collaboration
- PrevANZ - vitamin D MS Prevention Trial
In developing a Platform, MS Research Australia consults with as many relevant Australian and international researchers as possible.
This ensures that we only fund Platforms that:
- complement the world-wide research effort without duplication,
- fund a highly focused initiative with clear goals and timeframes,
- and identify potential obstacles early and solutions to overcome them quickly.
MS Research Australia's research approach has changed the way MS researchers can do MS research in Australia.


All Tracks Algorithms Greedy Algorithms Basics of Greedy Algorithms Problem
B. Monster Gouketsu
/
Binary Search, Math
Problem
Editorial
Analytics
Gouketsu has been kidnapped by the monsters. But seeing his amazing martial arts skills, they have given him the chance to be an executive member of the Monster Association. They have given him \(M\) monster cells, while Gouketsu has \(N\) natural cells. He wants to monsterize all of his natural cells (to become the strongest monster), but alas, there are some conditions! He can monsterize a natural cell at the cost of \(X\) monster cells and destroy a natural cell to get \(Y\) monster cells (note that he cannot destroy an already monsterized cell).
Since Gouketsu has been blinded by greed and cannot think of an optimal solution, help him calculate the maximum amount of natural cells that he can monsterize.
Input
First line of input contains \(T\) - the number of testcases.
Each testcase contains only one line with \(4\) integers: \(M, N, X, Y\)
Output
For each testcase, print a single integer - the maximum number of natural cells that Gouketsu can monsterize..
Constraints
\(1 \le T \le 5\)
\(1 \le M, N, X, Y \le 10^9 \)
SAMPLE INPUT
3
10 5 2 1
11 5 2 1
9 5 2 1
SAMPLE OUTPUT
5
5
4
Explanation
Test case 1: He can monsterize all his \(5\) natural cells at the cost of \(10\) monster cells (\(2\) monster cells each for a natural cell).
Test case 3: He can monsterize only \(4\) of his natural cells at the cost of \(8\) monster cells.

Time Limit: 0.5 sec(s) for each input file.
Memory Limit: 256 MB
Source Limit: 1024 KB
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text:
Several factors usually determine if a person will have or experience social anxiety. A few of them are genetics, trauma, their childhood, introversion vs. extroversion, and whether they feel safe in that environment or social situation.
Some people are generally sensitive to social situations and can experience varying degrees of anxiety when confronted with a social situation. Although there is no way to actually tell if someone has social anxiety, there are certain behavioral factors or qualities that make some people more likely to experience social anxiety than others. One of such qualities is the zodiac sign.
In this article, we'll be discussing which is the worst zodiac sign for social anxiety. If you're interested in knowing which is the worst zodiac sign, then keep reading. We'll be providing a list containing 5 signs that have qualities that make them more susceptible to social anxiety.
5 Zodiac Signs Most Susceptible to Social Anxiety
- Virgo (August 23 to September 22) – Virgo is a mutable and grounded sign. It is generally associated with the earth and being well-grounded. Virgos are extremely patient and calm. They tend to suffer in silence and give people several second chances. Virgos are also loyal. The combination of these qualities can lead to heightened feelings of social anxiety. Due to the Virgo's reluctance to discuss what is wrong, they can continue to internalize their issues, and this can manifest in social situations. Virgos also like order and being in control. These are qualities often absent in a social situation. The lack of order and control may cause Virgos to withdraw and feel anxious about the situation.
- Gemini (May 20 to June 21) – Infamously known as the two-faced sign, Geminis can actually be quite dependable. They tend to see both sides of things and have more than one thought process. This helps them to be more patient and calculated in their decisions. Unfortunately, this can also cause social anxiety. They have a tendency to overthink situations, and this can manifest as social anxiety. Gemini will also absorb the energy of others. If they're in a location they do not feel comfortable in; they can become extremely socially anxious and overthink everything they do.
- Scorpio (October 23 to November 21) – Scorpios are deep thinkers and introverts. They have an iron control of their thoughts and expressions. Unfortunately, this makes it hard to spot signs of social anxiety in a Scorpio. If they get too deep in their head around people they don't know well; they can become socially anxious.
- Cancer (June 21 to July 22) – Cancers are a fluid sign as their element is water. They have many emotions and can often feel overwhelmed by their emotions. Due to this, they may get called moody or pessimistic. They simply prefer to stay within people they trust. Being in a place with a lot of people they do not know can make them socially anxious.
- Taurus (April 20 to May 20)- This sign is calm and collected. They prefer calm situations and staying in their comfort zone. Taking them out of their comfort zone can lead to feelings of anxiety.


How Prairie Winds Affect Wood Trusses in Kansas
prairie winds in Kansas
Storm Clouds SaskatchewanKansas is notorious for its prairie winds. Engineers have always had to take these winds into account when designing structures across the state.
Prairie winds can be downright dangerous if you're working with the wrong building materials.
Every day, truss designers need to take a variety of factors into account when building for the prairie winds in Kansas. Here are some important things to know about how truss systems are affected by Kansas prairie winds:
Truss builders need to calculate wind pressures using two blended methods
There are two broad ways to calculate wind pressures: Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS) and Components & Cladding (C&C).
MWFRS applies to a structural frame or an assembly of structural elements that work together to transfer wind loads to the ground.
C&C applies to components that directly receive wind loads – like wall coverings, roof coverings, fasteners, and girts. Components and Cladding are typically exposed to higher wind pressures than MWFRS elements.
Trusses fall into both categories. Thus, the industry-standard practice is to design the truss to handle both MWFRS loads and C&C loads.
Truss builders need to consult wind maps to identify correct wind speeds
Building codes typically require the use of a 90-mph wind speed for inland areas of the United States. However, you'll need to consult local wind maps and government building codes for region-specific information.
Experienced builders don't settle with just the 90-mph wind speed standard. Experienced builders increase the durability to handle wind speeds around 100 and 110 mph. With wood trusses in Kansas, increases wind speed durability is a major consideration. All trusses must be designed to withstand substantial wind, more than the average structure.
Building usage affects wind pressure calculations
Buildings fall into a number of different usage categories. Specifically, there are three broad categories of building usages:
-Category I: A building that will have a low hazard to human life if it fails
-Category II: A building that presents a substantial hazard to human life if it fails
-Category III and IV: Buildings that are critical facilities or present a substantial hazard to human life in the event of a failure.
Different building exposures affect truss design
Buildings located on empty, flat land are more affected by wind pressure than buildings surrounded by trees and other buildings.
Building codes classify these buildings in four different ways:
Exposure A: Buildings located in downtown areas or city centers.
Exposure B: Urban and suburban buildings that are surrounded by similar-sized buildings and trees.
Exposure C: Buildings in an open area with scattered obstructions.
Exposure D: A building exposed to unobstructed wind for at least one mile over flat land.
Good truss builders take all of these factors into account
Ultimately, truss builders have a lot of responsibility. In Kansas, flat plains let wind travel unobstructed for hundreds of miles. Rural buildings and even many suburban buildings are rarely protected against substantial wind.
To take truss manufacturing to the next level, Timberlake TrussWorks builds wood trusses capable of withstanding strong winds. The key to a sound structure requires the builder to guarantee trusses are fastened tightly against the wall. This is accomplished by installing TimberLOK Screws, which we happily provide.
These screws are hurricane ties – able to withstand the brunt force of harsh winds caused by severe storms. TimberLOK Screws keep trusses and roofs stable and secure during harsh weather conditions experienced on the plains of Kansas.
If you're shopping for wood trusses in Kansas, then you can't settle for average. Kansas's prairie winds chew up average wood trusses and quickly reduce the lifespan of structures. If you're looking for wood trusses in Kansas that offer a higher level of quality and longer-lasting support, then order from Timberlake TrussWorks today.
Related Posts


Redstone Circuits
From Minecraft Wiki
Guides This is a Guide.
This article has been assembled by one or more members of the community as a helpful resource, instructing players on some aspect of Minecraft. If desired, you may clarify or expand this article yourself.
Guides
For other redstone-related objects found in Minecraft, see Redstone (Disambiguation).
Redstone circuitry is a feature that was introduced during the Alpha development phase of Minecraft. It is Minecraft's version of electricity. This feature allows players to create intricate redstone-based mechanisms and machines. Basic redstone circuitry is often used in building traps or hidden passages.
Redstone circuitry is similar to real-world digital electronics (based on boolean algebra)
Basic Mechanics
Redstone Wire
Redstone Wire acts as a power conductor. Power can travel a distance of 15 blocks along a wire. To increase the range, place Redstone Repeaters in the circuit; this will increase the range of power by another 15 blocks. To place redstone wire, right-click on a block while holding redstone dust. Note: redstone can't be placed on ice, glass (Before 1.13) , pistons, sticky pistons, leaves, TNT, cake, slabs, stairs, beds, glowstone, and wooden or iron doors. If water runs over the redstone wire, it will drop as redstone dust.
Powering Blocks
Some blocks in Minecraft may be powered or unpowered. Think of a "powered block" as a block of dirt or an empty space (though no truly empty air block can be powered) that is invisibly electrified, but safe to touch.
Power may be transmitted from a powered block to one or more of the six directly adjacent blocks. To transmit power, a block must be either:
One must be careful to note that a Redstone torch placed on the side of a block of dirt is actually part of the block next to the dirt, not part of the dirt block itself. Similarly, Redstone wire that is placed on top of a block of dirt is part of the block above the dirt. However, if the block on which the Redstone wire is placed becomes powered in any way, so does the Redstone wire.
Each actively-powered block transmits power in several directions, depending on the contents of the block:
 - A redstone torch powers itself and the block directly above it, unless that block is air. This also activates adjacent power conduits (redstone wire).
 - A Pressure Plate, lever or button activates both the block in which it is located and the block on which it is placed.
 - Redstone wire powers itself, the block below it, the block it is pointing to or the block below that.
Redstone Wire and Signal Strength
Whether a block is weakly or normally (strongly) powered affects how redstone wires interact with it. Blocks are strongly powered by redstone power sources; torches (from below), repeaters, levers, pressure plates etc. If a block is powered only by redstone wire, then it is weakly powered. Redstone wire which is adjacent to, on top of, or below a block that is strongly powered will become active. It will not become active if that block is weakly powered.
Powering Devices
A device, such as a door, a Rail, a block of TNT, or fence gate is activated when an adjacent block is powered. As a simple example, placing a redstone torch next to a door will change the state of the door to on. Similarly, standing on a pressure plate immediately adjacent to a door will activate the door. However, standing on a pressure plate two blocks away from a door will not activate the door, because the power does not reach the block next to or under the door.
To power devices at a distance, the power must be conducted from the active power source to the device; Redstone wire is used for this purpose. As noted above, the redstone wire is part of the block it is physically located in, not the block to which it is attached. Redstone wire, or dust, has two states: on (lit) and off (unlit).
The simplest way to activate redstone wire is to put a redstone torch or switch adjacent to the wire. It also works to have a torch or switch directly above the wire, attached to a wall.
A redstone torch is itself a powered device; its default state is "on", but it will be turned off if it receives power from the block to which it is attached. This feature, along with the use of wire to transmit power in particular directions over distance, is the basis for the advanced redstone devices and circuitry below.
Care must be taken to follow the power rules precisely, or one might see unexpected results. For example, consider a pressure plate. Activating the plate will power the block underneath the plate as well as the block in which the plate resides. Nevertheless, redstone wire beneath this block will still be powered, because it is adjacent to the powered block above it. However, activating the plate will not turn off a redstone torch placed beneath the powered block—in fact, placing a redstone torch under the block under the pressure plate will power it continuously, effectively disabling the plate.
Specific Powered Devices
Certain devices act in specific ways, for example:
 - If a block is powered, a redstone torch attached to it will be deactivated.
 - If a block is powered, a door on top of it or adjacent to it will toggle its state from open to closed or vice versa. (The actual state will depend, because doors were implemented unintuitively.)
 - If a block is powered, and it is a note block/dispenser, it will play/shoot once.
 - If a block is powered, and rails are above it, they will toggle shape. (One can still have the wiring power the rail directly.)
Common Errors to Avoid
The following are common errors to avoid:
 - Trying to transmit power through a block that doesn't have any redstone wire on it. While a generic block (dirt, sand, gravel, etc.) adjacent to the end of a wire can receive power, it will not transmit that power to wire on the other side, because it is not one of the blocks that can transmit power. If one has a block that one cannot move, send wire around it (including on top of it). Alternatively, one can put a repeater on the side transmitting power, as repeaters can send power through blocks (see below).
 - If a block has redstone wire on top and a redstone torch on the side, then the block above the torch must be either air, glass or a half-tile (unless one knows what one is doing). If one places any solid block above the torch, it will create a feedback loop and the torch will probably burn out.
Logic Gates
A logic gate can be thought of as a simple device that will return a number of outputs, determined by the pattern of inputs and rules that the logic gate follows. For example, if both inputs in an AND gate are in the 'true'/'on'/'powered' state, then the gate will return 'true'/'on'/'powered'. Much more in-depth information and a better explanation of this expansive topic is available on Wikipedia.
Below is a list of some of the basic gates with example images and MC Redstone Sim diagrams. There are many different ways to construct them other than those shown below, so use them as guidelines for creating one to fit one's needs. Most circuits have multiple valid implementations, with various advantages and disadvantages between designs such as size, complexity, performance, maintenance overhead.
Keep in mind that :
 - tick is the delay between the events "redstone torch receives power" and "redstone torch turns off or on". (depending on its initial state);
 - repeaters can be set to 1,2,3,4 tick(s). One tick = 0.1 seconds.
 - The rapid pulser is too fast for repeaters.
File:StandardLogicGates.png
Basic logic gate diagrams
Piston Circuits
Piston Circuits are circuits featuring logic gates created with pistons that are in some cases smaller and more compact than traditional logic gates. Some circuits, such as a 0.5 tick on and 0.5 tick off clock, need pistons.
Circuit Symbols
Each symbol represents one to three blocks (most often one or two), viewed from above. All descriptions are with reference to a "ground level", the level where one is building one's gate on.
Symbol guide for redstone simulator v2.2
From left to right:
 1. Air: air over air, i.e. two empty blocks, one above the other above ground level
 2. Block: air over a block (of any sort)
 3. Two Blocks: block over block, i.e. two solid blocks above ground level
 4. Wire: wire (with a block assumed below the wire, below ground level)
 5. Redstone Torch: air over redstone torch (all torches are redstone torches in circuits)
 6. Wire over Block
 7. Torch over Block
 8. Block over Wire (i.e.: layer 1 is wire; layer 2 is a block)
 9. Block over Torch
 10. Torch over Wire (i.e.: layer 1 is wire; layer 2 is a torch, attached to adjacent layer 2 block not shown)
 11. Bridge: wire on top of block, over wire (with the usual empty air block above the top wire, see redstone schematics)
 12. Lever (aka Switch): air