text:
Extracting taxonomic information from ConTax data sets.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A vector of texts, typically the
The ConTax data sets are
Fasta objects, where the
Header line follows
a strict format.
The Header always starts with a short text, a Tag, which is a unique identifier for every sequence.
getTag will extract this from the
After the Tag follows one or more tokens. One of these tokens must be a string with the following format:
where <...> is some proper text. Here is an example of a proper string:
getGenus extract the
corresponding information from the
combines all taxonomy extractors, combines these in a data.frame
and imputes missing taxa with parent taxa.
A vector containing the sub-texts extracted from each
1 2 3 4


text:
That favorite burger of yours might actually contain crushed beetles. Although it's easy to become accustomed to the delicious taste of fast food, if only you knew the scary sounding stuff that's hiding behind it, you might never have a craving again.
Here are 10 of the worst:
1. Ammonium Sulfate
This chemical is a staple of mass produced bread. On its days off, it's also used to fertilize soil and kill insects.
2. Silicone Oil
Tests have shown that Chicken McNuggets contain large amounts of silicone oil, a substance also used for contact lenses. Delicious!
Fast food chains use Cysteine-L, an amino acid derived from human hair or duck feathers, to flavor meat and soften bread.
18 different McDonald's products allegedly contain this potentially deadly chemical, which is approved by the FDA.
5. Propylene Glycol
A chemical used by the fast food, tobacco and automobile industries for food, cigarettes and anti-freeze, respectively.
6. Prescription Drugs
Johns Hopkins University researchers tested tissue gathered from fast-food industry raised poultry and found traces of anti-depressants and various drugs, that had been added to their diet.
A widely used substance in fast food, also found in silly putty, shampoo and many other disturbing products.
8. Carminic acid
This chemical is produced by beetles and used to give food a red color.
A fast food menu staple, produced from wood.
10. Silicon Dioxide
This is a type of sand, used to keep chili and other liquids from clumping.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
How Many Piano Tuners Are There in Chicago?
Renowned physicist Enrico Fermi's name is synonymous with a type of estimation problem often illustrated by the classic question, "How many piano tuners are there in Chicago?" Finding a "Fermi estimate" of this number would typically involve multiplying a series of rough estimates, such as the population of Chicago, an approximate number of households owning pianos, the frequency with which a typical piano might be tuned, and so on. It's unlikely that anyone would arrive at a precise, correct answer through this method, but a Fermi estimate should at least be able to generate an answer that is approximately the right order of magnitude.
A Fermi estimate usually seeks to measure a quantity that would be extremely difficult, if not impossible, to actually measure. "Piano tuners in Chicago" may have fallen into that category several decades ago, but as Wolfram|Alpha can now demonstrate, things have changed:
We recently overhauled our data on jobs and salaries in the United States, adding Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data on more than 800 detailed occupations at the national, state, and metropolitan area levels. Which means Wolfram|Alpha can't quite get you to an exact measurement of the number of piano tuners in Chicago (and presumably, many of them must at least dabble in other instruments), but it can come surprisingly close.
Wolfram|Alpha can also compute a number of interesting statistics that aren't obvious from the source data, such as the fact that Chicago has quite a high density of musical instrument tuners and repairers—roughly 2.3 times the national average workforce fraction for this occupation—and that their median wage is roughly 1.3 times the national average. And it can also provide helpful context for any occupation, computing employment and wage information for related jobs and sub-specialties, according to BLS classifications.
You can also perform all kinds of interesting comparisons, of course: try asking Wolfram|Alpha to "compare producers and actors employment in California", for example, or "garbage collectors vs waiters salaries in New York City". Or if you're contemplating a cross-country move, you might be interested to see a comparison between "computer programmers salaries in Seattle vs Philadelphia".
And if you need to access salary and job-related data often, you can create your own Wolfram|Alpha Widgets tailored for specific jobs and regions. You can easily customize widgets, like the one below, and embed them in your website and share with your social networks.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Bears Discover Fire is a 1990 Hugo Award-winning short story by Terry Bisson. It follows an ordinary man going about his life shortly after bears discover fire. The focus of the story is mostly on the narrator and his nephew and mother.
Story provides examples of:
- Bears Are Bad News: Averted. The bears are not nice, but they aren't mean either. They're just bears.
- Cool Old Lady: The narrator's mother.
- Creepy Uncle: Entirely averted. The narrator is arguably a better parent to his nephew than his nephew's real parents.
- Death Is Such An Odd Thing: The narrator's mixed emotions over his mother's death at the end of the story.
- Inferred Holocaust: The events at the end of the story suggest that the humans and bears won't get along peacefully for long.
- Most Writers Are Human: The fact that bears have discovered fire is the central point to the story, but the focus is still on the human characters. Otherwise averted, as the bears of the story are given few human characteristics.
- Title Drop: Early on in the story.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Is breast milk considered vegan in the UK? It's a question worth exploring. When answering the question "Is breast milk vegan UK?" there are a variety of facets that will need to be looked at, along with an understanding of what veganism is as a means to answer the question.
Is Breast Milk Vegan?
So, let's cut right to the chase.
The answer to the previously posed question is yes. Breast milk is vegan!
But how can that be? Don't vegans avoid all milk and milk-containing products?
Well, no actually.
Veganism, by definition, is a lifestyle marked by the compassion of individuals towards animals. This can manifest itself in a variety of ways, including the avoidance of meat and dairy along with the avoidance of zoos, the purchasing of leather and more. This will extend to purchasing baby products, so even vegan plasters like those found on our site are often much appreciated by vegan parents.
Vegans will also avoid foods like honey, eggs, shellfish and products derived from insects, such as some food colourings, in order to adhere to a strict vegan lifestyle.
Bearing this in mind, the key to answering the question about breast milk is to understand that veganism is about respecting the rights of animals and not taking advantage of their vulnerable state. It is about avoiding the exploitation of animals and not harming them in any way.
Turning back now to the original question concerning the consumption of a human baby and his or her mother's milk, it may be easier to understand why breast milk is considered a vegan byproduct. By feeding your baby breast milk, no animals are being harmed in the process.
Sure, humans are considered mammals, and as such, some may consider humans "animals" in a sense, but you have permission in and of yourself to feed your own baby. Nothing is being done to you against your will, as may be the case for an animal who cannot speak for themselves when being used for its milk, fur, skin and so forth.
In addition to the above, every mammal species creates its own milk specially formulated for its baby. Goat milk will have the essential nutrients for a baby goat. Cow milk will be specially formulated for a baby cow. And it is well-known and documented that breast milk, by and large, is the absolute best milk for human babies for their growth, development and overall health. It is for that reason that it is often affectionately referred to by doctors as "liquid gold".
Does Vegan Diet Affect Breast Milk?
So, will the vegan diet actually affect breast milk?
Yes it will. But so will all other diets, including those that include meat products.
Whenever a mother takes up breastfeeding, it is always of the utmost importance that she maintains a well-balanced and intentional diet. This could look a variety of ways, including taking prenatals or meeting with a doctor to examine the mother's current diet and making adjustments where needed.
When compared to a meat-eating mother, however, the composition of the breast milk itself will not change, and the baby will still receive the much needed nutrients that he or she needs to grow and develop.
What do vegans need to eat in order to ensure that their breast milk isn't affected? Like non-vegans, vegans who breastfeed will need to take in ample amounts of iron, Vitamin B12, calcium and zinc. Although it is likely that the vegan in this situation already knows the importance of these nutrients to her diet, it is crucial that vegan mothers get these nutrients all the more at the onset of nursing.
The aforementioned Vitamin B12, calcium, zinc and iron can be found in other sources besides prenatals. Dark leafy greens, lentils, mushrooms, fortified non-dairy milks and cereals will all contain the nutrients necessary to help support a healthy breastfeeding journey.
Vegans can even check out vegan lactation cookies and teas to help boost their milk supply and to get the added nutrients they need to nourish themselves and their babies. You can buy lactation tea in the UK.
What Do Vegans Give Their Babies Instead of Milk?
There may be instances when a mother simply cannot breastfeed, or chooses not to, based on a variety of reasons. While we won't go into those reasons here, it is important to note that there aren't a ton of options available to vegan mothers who are unable to use their own breast milk to feed their babies and toddlers.
There are a few formulas available for infants, but some are not recommended because of their soy-containing content and also for the fact that they aren't technically deemed vegan to begin with.
Beyond 6 months of age, soy formula is okay to use, but again, these types of formulas created aren't usually exclusively vegan.
Past the age of a year, the vegan pool opens up and vegan mothers may begin to explore a variety of fortified vegan milks and toddler drinks in an effort to get those vitamins we mentioned earlier into their toddler's vegan diet.
Not all milks are created equal, however, and some choices may be healthier than others depending on your child's nutritional needs, overall health and lifestyle. For milk alternatives check out our post, Vegan Baby Milk Alternatives.
And if you're wondering what milk is equivalent to breast milk, you should remember that breast milk is the number one source of nutrition for littles, and especially vegan babies. There is no equivalent
Therefore, when and if you can, always use breast milk until your baby is of the age when he or she can consume vegan milks and foods as a substitution, which generally isn't until the child is between 1-2 years of age.
If you must feed your baby regular formula, go ahead if you wish. And then make the switch to a vegan lifestyle once your baby is of the right age to do so, usually around 12 months. To weigh the advantages and disadvantages of breastmilk and formula, read more on our blog!
Breast Milk FAQs
Is Breast Milk Dairy?
Yes. The question of "Is breast milk dairy-free" is a common one, and the answer is, no it is not. Breast milk contains lactase which is a type of sugar found in all milks produced by mammals. But even though breast milk is considered dairy, it really doesn't make a difference when it comes to a vegan mother feeding her baby for the reasons already mentioned within this article.
Can Vegans Use Breast Milk?
Vegans can use breast milk in a variety of ways, so long as they have the donor's permission before doing so. Bear in mind, however, that using breast milk yourself, for whatever reasons, may pose a risk to you if you are unsure of the health of the donor who provides it. The decision to consume breast milk or breast milk containing products should only be made with caution in mind.
Breast Milk Is the Best Choice For Vegan Mums and Babies
All in all, the consumption of breast milk for babies is, by far, the best milk choice, especially in the realm of veganism.
Though non-vegan mums have a multitude of options to choose from concerning baby formula and the like for their little ones, the truth is that vegan mums have limited options when it comes to fulfilling the nutritional needs of their babies.
As such you can rest assured that breast milk is vegan and is the recommended source of nutrition for all vegan babies.
Want more information? Check out Healthline's article on why breastmilk is considered vegan or take a peek at PETA's stamp of approval on breastmilk for vegan babies.
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Herefordshire Look up Herefordshire at
Old English Herefordscir, from Hereford (958), literally "ford suitable for the passage of an army" (see harry (v.) + ford (n.). Probably so-called in reference to the Roman road passing over the Wye River. Herford in Germany has the same etymology. As the name for a type of cattle, first bred there, it is attested from 1789.


text:
If you're an Audi A3 owner and you've encountered the dreaded "ESP Fault Audi A3" message on your dashboard, don't panic.
This problem is typically indicative of issues with the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) — a critical safety feature that helps maintain traction and control during abrupt maneuvers or slippery road conditions.
While it can be a complex issue requiring professional attention, understanding what triggers this fault code can help mitigate panic and provide direction for next steps.
Here's how You Can Fix This ESP Fault Audi A3:
Jump-start without key, connected to another car, run for 5 mins, cleared ESP fault. For a lasting solution: Scan for error codes. Check electrical connections, especially wheel speed sensors. Verify battery voltage.
Common Causes of ESP Fault in Audi A3:
Here's a table for quick reference:
|Faulty Brake Light Switch
|This can lead to erroneous signal triggering the ESP fault.
|Damaged ABS Sensor Wires
|Corrosion or physical damage might interfere with signals leading to faults.
|Defective Steering Angle SensorImproper readings from this sensor disrupts correct functioning of the ESP system causing faults.
Remember, these are just possible causes and not definitive diagnoses. Always get your vehicle checked by a professional if you encounter any problems.
Symptoms of an ESP Fault in Audi A3:
Experiencing an Electronic Stability Program (ESP) fault in your Audi A3 can be nerve-racking. Here are some of the key symptoms to look out for:
Here's a table summarizing these symptoms:
|Illumination of the ESP light on dashboard
|Reduced Vehicle Control
|Less control over car handling
|Irregularities with brake functions
Remember, if you experience any of these symptoms, it's best to get your vehicle checked by a professional mechanic immediately.
How to Diagnose an ESP Fault in Audi A3?
Diagnosing an ESP fault in your Audi A3 can be a straightforward process if you follow these steps:
|ABS Power Relay Coil Circuit Failure
|Brake Boost Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
- Perform Physical Checks:
- Check brake fluid levels: Low levels may trigger the ESP warning.
- Inspect wheel speed sensors: Dirt or damage could cause faulty readings.
- Take Your Car to a Professional: If the problem persists, schedule an appointment with a certified Audi technician for further diagnosis and repair.
Remember, ignoring persistent warnings from your vehicle could lead to more serious issues down the line!
You can watch this video to fix this ESP Issue:
Tips for Preventing ESP Faults in Audi A3:
Preventing ESP faults is key to maintaining a smooth and safe driving experience. Here's what you can do:
Here are some specific steps:
- Refer to your car manual or an authorized service center for exact details on scheduled maintenance.
- Use a good quality tire pressure gauge for regular checks.
- Inspect brakes annually or as per manufacturer's advice.
|Follow Scheduled Maintenance
|Check Tire Pressure regularly
|Get Brake System inspected
Remember, preventative care goes a long way in car performance and safety!
Steps to Reset the ESP Light on Audi A3:
Resetting the ESP light on your Audi A3 can be a simple process. Here are some steps to help you do it.
If this doesn't work, consider using an OBD-II scanner:
- Acquire an OBD-II Scanner: You can purchase or rent these devices from most auto parts stores.
- Connect The Scanner:
|Locate your vehicle's Diagnostic Link Connector (DLC)
|Plug in your OBD-II scanner into DLC
- Read The Codes:
- Power up your scanner
- Follow instructions provided with device to read fault codes
- Clear The Codes:
- Once identified, use device's instructions to clear them 5.Lastly,
- If cleared successfully, observe whether ESP light goes off
- If not resolved, consult professional assistance
Remember that continual ignition of the ESP warning light could indicate a larger issue with stability control system; seek professional advice when needed!
Understanding the Importance of ESP System in Audi A3:
The Electronic Stability Program (ESP) is a crucial component of your Audi A3. It's aimed at improving your vehicle's stability and enhancing driving safety.
Key benefits include:
Here are some common triggers for an 'ESP fault' warning light on your dashboard:
- Faulty wheel speed sensors
- Damaged ABS pump
- Malfunctioning steering angle sensor
- Issues with brake pressure sensor
|Faulty Wheel Speed Sensors
|Damaged ABS Pump
|Repair or replace ABS pump
|Malfunctioning Steering Angle Sensor
|Calibrate or replace sensor
|Brake Pressure Sensor Issues
|Check and repair hydraulic system
Remember that ignoring an 'ESP fault' warning can lead to reduced handling capabilities and riskier driving conditions!
Replacing the ABS Sensor to Fix an ESP Fault in Audi A3:
When faced with an ESP fault in your Audi A3, replacing the ABS sensor can often be a successful remedy. Here's a step-by-step guide on how you can tackle this task.
|Locate the ABS sensor
|Wrenches & Pliers
|Remove old sensor
|Install new sensor
|Conduct test drive
- Always ensure that power is off before starting any repair work.
- It's best practice to have professional mechanic expertise or guidance when attempting such tasks.
- Don't rush; ensure each step is done correctly for optimal results.
The Role of Steering Angle Sensor in ESP Functionality on Audi A3:
The steering angle sensor (SAS) is a critical part of the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) in your Audi A3. It detects and sends the driver's intended direction to the ESP system.
Here are some points on how SAS impacts ESP functionality:
|Steering Angle SensorData InputProvides rotation angle dataIntervene ActionHelps EPS correct course when necessaryError DetectionCommon cause behind 'ESP fault' warning
In short, understanding how this compact device affects your car's performance can enhance driving safety significantly.
Exploring Possible Solutions for Persistent ESP Faults on Audi A3:
If your Audi A3's Electronic Stability Program (ESP) is showing faults, don't worry. Here are some possible solutions you can consider:
- Reset the System: Often a simple system reset can help.
- Turn OFF the ignition and wait for about 30 seconds.
- Start the engine again to see if the fault persists.
- Check Brake Light Switch: If it's faulty, it might trigger an ESP fault.
- Replace this switch if necessary.
- Inspect Wheel Speed Sensors:
- Check all four wheel speed sensors for any damage or dirt buildup that may be causing improper readings.
- Examine ABS Control Module: It's another critical component related to ESP function.
|Check wiring connections to ensure they are secure and corrosion-free
|If no issues found with connections, consider professional diagnosis or replacement
- Professional Diagnostic Scan:
Remember! Always consult a qualified mechanic before attempting any repairs yourself.
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- 7 Common Audi S5 V8 Problems & (Their 100% Solutions!)


text:
By Creation Ministries International, CREATION.COM
Researchers led by Gábor Horváth of *Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary, examined cave artwork and modern paintings and statues of animals including horses, bulls and elephants. They found the majority of depictions of animals walking or trotting had the legs wrongly positioned. However, cave paintings had the lowest error rate of 46.2%. The highest error rate, 83.5%, was in modern era artworks before the late 19th century. Leonardo da Vinci was famous for his anatomical drawings, but he, too, "got it wrong when he tried to portray animal movement".
The error rate decreased to 57.9% after the 1880s thanks to Eadweard Muybridge's pioneering detailed studies of animal gait. But illustrators of moving animals still could not match cave art for accuracy.
The researchers wrote: "Cavemen were more keenly aware of the slower motion of their prey animals and illustrated quadruped walking more precisely than later artists."?


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I am having an array of images. I need to display 3 images in a row and then the next in another row. How to do this using nested for loops. can anyone help me over this? thanks.
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
up vote 0 down vote accepted
The basic nested loop structure looks like this:
int imageIndex = 0;
 for (int column = 0; column < columnCount; column++ {
 // Draw your image here at x position of (column * image width)
 // and y position of (row * image height). Add a bit to each if you
 // want some spacing between your images.
 // For example:
 drawMyImage(images[imageIndex++], column * imageWidth, row * imageHeight);
share|improve this answer
Its simple, use GridView with 3 columns.
share|improve this answer
You need two loops. The outer loop is for the rows. Each element in the row corresponds with a column, so the inner loop is for the columns.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text: To generate awareness among Students towards Nature and Wildlife and to highlight the importance of its conservation, Department of Zoology conducted Wildlife Week celebrations during the month of November from 23rd Nov-27th Nov 2020 in online mode through Google meet. A total of 10 competitions were organised for Students to remind them the importance of maintaining a balance between Life and the Mother Nature. The celebrations were officially concluded by a webinar on the topic "Let us go wild for Wildlife" by Dr. Gigi Joseph, Assistant Professor, Nirmala College, Muvattupuzha, on 27th November 2020. The event was conducted through Google meet platform. The talk was indeed inspirational for young wildlife conservationist minds. He also talked about how these animals were important in the Ecosphere and made us think of how little our knowledge is regarding the creatures around us. The webinar ended with the announcement of winners of the wildlife week celebration competitions.


How to change default value printing symbols in Angular JS ?
This tutorial is brief and easy way to change the default Angular JS value printing symbols '{{' and '}}' into something else.
This tutorial is very short one, recently while working on a Symfony project along with Angular JS we had a small little problem, as the twig in symfony uses '{{', '}}' and so does Angular JS, to print the values in view. So to avoid the conflict between these two we had to change either of them. We choose to change second, Angular JS.
As mentioned earlier this is short tutorial and thus one can guess, this is easy. Angular comes up with Interpolate Provider which helps to change the start and end symbols. In the code below we show a very simple example.
The key is to configure the angular app by passing $interpolateProvider and changing the start and end symbols.
<!doctype html>

 <title>
 Angular JS Changing Default Inerpolating Symbols
 </title>

 hello [world]!

The code is self explaining, we passed the $interpolateProvider in config and changed the start and end symbol. Yes, that is it. As you can see in the example code we have used same old "hello world" example, where we pass the "world" through Angular JS.
As promised we keep this short one, hope you find it useful.


text:
Section 1: C Programming Lab
Question 1: Write an interactive program in C language to manage the Clinic Information with menu options like Patient's details, Doctor's details, Doctor's and Patient's visits, Laboratory details, Bills, Payments etc. using the file handling concepts. The application should be designed user-friendly.
Note: You must execute the program and submit the program logic, sample input and output along with the necessary documentation for this question. Assumptions can be made wherever necessary.
Section 2: Assembly Language Programming Lab
(a) Write a program in assembly language to sort an array of signed integers and search for the presence of an item in the sorted array using linear search
(b) Develop and execute an assembly language program to find the HCF of two unsigned 16-bit numbers.
(c ) Write a program in assembly language for finding the largest number in an array of 10 elements.
(d) Given a string of characters terminated by 00H, write a assembly language program to determine if it is a palindrome. If 'Yes' output the message " The given string is a palindrome. If 'No' output the message "No, it is not a palindrome"


text:
A new concept enhances the capability of photo-thermal absorption measurements with transversal probe beam guiding by overcoming drawbacks such as a lack of sensitivity for materials with low photo-thermal response and/or round substrate geometry. The sandwich concept using the laser-induced deflection technique is introduced and tested for the investigation of highly reflecting (HR) coatings. The idea behind the sandwich concept is based on the decoupling of the optical materials for the pump and probe beams. This is realized by either placing a HR coated rectangular substrate in between two optical (sandwich) plates or attaching a HR coated thin round substrate onto one optical plate. For both configurations, the sandwich concept results in a strong increase in sensitivity for the measurement of HR coatings deposited onto photo-thermally insensitive substrates. Experiments reveal that for a substrate, up to two orders of magnitude enhancement in sensitivity can be achieved.
© 2013 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article


text:
This afternoon, the flood wave will reach Chop. In the Tisa, the water is expected to rise up to 11 meters
The priority measures to liquidate the aftermath of the flood are being taken in the region. As of Tuesday morning, rescue units have pumped water out of almost all previously flooded households in Mizhhirya, Tyachiv and Rakhiv districts.
The water levels in rivers in the highlands are decreasing. Yesterday (Monday), in the afternoon, the maximum water level was recorded in the lower reaches of the Borzhava river, it reached 565 centimeters, after which it began to decrease.
This afternoon, the flood wave in Tisa and Latorytsia rivers will reach the extreme point of the region in the vicinity of Chop. The rise of water in the Latorytsia is expected to be 450 centimeters, and in the Tisa - up to 11 meters above the zero of the post.
Water may break out onto the floodplain, but without flooding or other serious consequences. Rescue units in Transcarpathia are in full readiness in case of emergency, Civil Protection Service of Hungary have been warned about the approaching flood wave.
As of Tuesday, 8:00 am, the rise of water level in the Tisa near Chop is 8 meters 60 centimeters.
20 May 2018 21:09
8 May 2018 13:46


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Geology and Relief: Gombe State is part of the central Nigeria highlands;
but the flat landscape in the northern and southern parts of the state have
isolated hills. While the elevation of the plain is at about 600m above sealevel,
the hills reach between 700m and 800m.
Killang Hills, Kaltungo
Hills, Kaltungo
The Gongola River is the main drainage system, running approximately northsouth
towards the Benue River Basin, but with principal tributataries draining from
west to east into River Gongola. Gombe State is geologically a part of the Upper
Benue Trough, although the state is an entity of its own, the Gongola Trough.
As such, the state con stitutes a major sedimentary basin, with a fill of about
6,000m of CretaceousTertiary Sedimentary rocks.
These rocks are well exposed throughout the state and have been recently explored
for oil and gas, but without success. The eastern part of Gombe State is geological
ly older than the west.
Exposures of the non marine Bima Sandstone, a sequence of Albian coarse sandstones,
occur extensively in the south eastern part of the state, succeeded westwards
by the transitional beds of the Cenomanian Yalde and Jessu Formations.
These are overlain by the Marnne Cenomanian to Caniacian shales and lime stones
of the Pindiga Formation, followed by the Gombe Sandstone of Late Cretaceous
age. Half of Gombe State is underlain by the Early Tertiary Kerri Kerri Formation
of estuarine origin comprising sandstones, siltstones and ironstones.
The Chad formation, a sequence of continental silts and clays of lake origin
and Late Tertiary age, covers the northern onethird of the state. Gombe State
lies mostly within the poor groundwater provinces in the Gombe Sandstones, the
Pindiga shales; KerriKerri Formation of Tertiary Age and the isolated hills
region of the northern
central and southern parts. Groundwater occurs between 0180m depth on the
sandstones. In the Gongola River Basin sedimentaries, because of the cretaceous
sandstones and shales, groundwater is generally erratic and meagre.
The Palace of Emir of Gombe
Palace of Emir of Gombe
Indeed, dams from suitable surface drainage systems would be more profitable
and economical than groundwater and boreholes as sources of water for domestic,
agri cultural and industrial use in the State. River Gongola is the only major
river that traverses the state in the north and east through Dukku, Nafada and
all the eastern LGAs, to join the River Benue at Numan.
At Nafada, the Gongola bends in a loop southward and flows through much of
the eastern border of the State before it joins River Benue at Numan, outside
the state. It is the sixth longest river in Nigeria, being about 530km, much
of which is within Gombe State.
It has numerous tributaries and smaller streams in the state includ ing Rivers
Dukul and Ruhu in the north (Dukku LGA). In the westcentral part, there are
some trib utaries of River Guji, while in the southern parts of the state (including
Balanga, Billiri, Kaltungo and Shongorn LGAs) the headwaters of several minor
tributaries of River Benue characterise the land scape. They include Rivers
Balanga and Dadin kowa.
Thus, the state is within the wider Benue Drainage Basin, with the dominance
of the western part of the Gongola (sub) basin. As a result of its geological
and geographical features, Gombe State has a large and wide variety of solid
mineral deposits, abundant grazing fields and fertile agricultural land.
Soils And Vegetation: The neoloav of GomheState has exerted an enormous
influence on soil development; hence over half of the state (central) that is
underlain by the Kerri Kerri Formation has shallow to moderately shallow impoverished
soils, with sandy loams on iron pan. On the Chad Formation in the northern part
of the state, the soils are deep but sandy, and developed on clays and silty
clays; but are mostly blanketed by sand dunes.
Soils in the eastern part of Gombe State are shal low to deep loamy, sandy
clay, loam and vertisols with cracking clays that have weathered from shales.
Vegetation in Gombe State is predominantly wooded shrubland in the central part,
with the plant community comprising Anogeissus/ Combretum/ Affrormosia/Detarium.
The northern part of the State exhibits a mosaic of shrubbed grassland and
grassed shrubland with the preponderance of Acacia. In the hilly southern areas,
the vegetation is shrubbed woodland with mostly Affrormosia and Detarium. Gombe
State has the cultivated and urban areas constituting over 35 per cent of the
land use/land cover.


text:
The SPCK52X series uses capacitive technology to detect finger touch. Once the device is powered up, it calibrates to the environment in which it's located. This guide is intended for you to get the best performance from your system,
- Allow 1 minute for calibration after initial power up on SPCK52x unit.
Recommendations on how to best use the SPCK2x keypads
- To achieve the correct response from each button, we recommend when entering a code, only press one button per second.
- In between each press remove your finger at least 10 mm from the surface of the keypad before pressing the next button.
Other recommendations are to make sure that the surface of the keypad is kept clear of dust or grease.
Use a cloth and hot water only to remove any dirt. Do not use chemical cleaners or detergents.
- holding the whole hand over the buttons for a period on time
- holding a finger on one button for a prolonged period of time.
- hover a finger over a single button from a period of time, even 2 to 3 mm away from the button
- rapidly press the button, for example, press their 4,5,6,7,8-digit code in the space of < one second.
- Repeatedly keep pressing the same button fast.
- sliding your finger across the surface or 2 to 3 mm above the surface of the keypad to reach the next button.
All of these cases can cause a button or buttons not to react correctly by triggering the keypad to recalibrate the sensitivity of a button or buttons.
The unit by recalibration, now believes that holding a hand across the buttons is the normal or standby state and therefore they will not react to touch.
For the keypad to function correctly again, recalibration is required.
This is achieved by removing your hand away from the surface of the keypad (20mm min) for a minimum time of 10 seconds. Recommendation time 30 seconds.
For further information on the installation and use of the SPCK52x keypads, please click on the YouTube link provided.


[ {\frac{{4\tau_{u} }}{D\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\sin \omega (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ) + \frac{{4\tau_{u} }}{D\omega }\cos \omega (L - a_{s} - a_{f} )} \right]\sin \omega x $$
(31)
$$ \tau = - \tau_{u} \left[ {\frac{\omega }{\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\cos \omega (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ) - \sin \omega (L - a_{s} - a_{f} )} \right]\sin \omega x + \tau_{u} \left[ {\frac{\omega }{\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\sin \omega (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ) + \cos \omega (L - a_{s} - a_{f} )} \right]\cos \omega x. $$
(32)
The continuity condition of τ(x = L − a f) = τ s yields the following equation
$$ \cos \omega a_{s} - \frac{\omega }{\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\sin \omega a_{s} - \frac{{\tau_{s} }}{{\tau_{u} }} = 0. $$
(33)
For the frictional region of L − a f < x ≤ L, τ is always equal to τ s. Thus, another differential equation can be derived by using Eq. 2 as follows
$$ \frac{{d\sigma_{p} }}{dx} = \frac{{4\tau_{s} }}{D}. $$
(34)
Solving Eq. 34 and considering the continuity condition of σ p at x = L − a f, we have
$$ \sigma_{p} = \frac{{4\tau_{s} }}{D}x + \frac{{4\tau_{u} }}{D\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\cos \omega a_{s} + \frac{{4\tau_{u} }}{D\omega }\sin \omega a_{s} - \frac{{4\tau_{s} }}{D}(L - a_{f} ). $$
(35)
By combining the boundary condition of Eq. 15 with Eq. 35, P can be expressed in terms of a s and a f as follows
$$ P = \tau_{s} \pi Da_{f} + \frac{{\tau_{u} \pi D}}{\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\cos \omega a_{s} + \frac{{\tau_{u} \pi D}}{\omega }\sin \omega a_{s} . $$
(36)
To obtain the maximum pull-out load P max, the Lagrange multiplier method is adopted in this paper. For this purpose, a Lagrange function Φ(a s, a f, λ) is constituted from Eqs. 33 and 36 as follows
$$ \Upphi (a_{s} ,a{}_{f},\lambda ) = \tau_{s} \pi Da_{f} + \frac{{\tau_{u} \pi D}}{\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\cos \omega a_{s} + \frac{{\tau_{u} \pi D}}{\omega }\sin \omega a_{s} + \lambda \left[ {\cos \omega a_{s} - \frac{\omega }{\alpha }\tanh (\alpha (L - a_{s} - a_{f} ))\sin \omega a_{s} - \frac{{\tau_{s} }}{{\tau_{u} }}} \right], $$
(37)
where λ is an unknown parameter to be solved. By applying the following conditions
$$ \frac{\partial \Upphi }{{\partial a_{s} }} = \frac{\partial \Upphi }{{\partial a_{f} }} = \frac{\partial \Upphi }{\partial \lambda } = 0 $$
(38)
three equations can be established. By solving the three equations, the critical crack lengths a sc and a fc, and the maximum pull-out load P max can be determined.
3 Experimental verification and discussion
To verify the proposed analytical solution, some experimental results obtained from the literature are selected for comparison [32]. The basic parameters used in the analytical solution are shown in Table 1. In the experiment of Zhang et al. [32], three types of FRP rods, classified as round sanded, spiral wound and indented, and four types of cement grouts denoted as CG1, CG2, CG3 and CG4 were prepared and tested. The mixture proportions of the four grouts are shown in Table 2. In each test, the specimens with the embedment lengths of 100 mm (D = 7.5, 7.9 and 8.0 mm) were used to determine the interfacial parameters as shown in Table 3 [32]. The shear modulus G of grout for each type of specimens can be calculated by
$$ G = \frac{{E_{c} }}{2(1 + \upsilon )}. $$
(39)
With these parameters, P max a can be determined by applying the proposed analytical procedure, to make comparisons with the experimentally-measured P max e as shown in Table 4.
Table 1
Basic geometrical and mechanical parameters of anchorage specimens from Zhang et al. [32]
No.
Type
D (mm)
t (mm)
b (mm)
L (mm)
Ec (GPa)
Poisson's ratio υ of grout
Ep (GPa)
Es (GPa)
1
Round sanded + CG1
7.5
21.75
3.0
100
17.4
0.11
60.83
195
2
Round sanded + CG2
7.5
21.75
3.0
100
18.6
0.11
60.83
195
3
Round sanded + CG3
7.5
21.75
3.0
100
22.9
0.10
60.83
195
4
Round sanded + CG4
7.5
21.75
3.0
100
16.7
0.12
60.83
195
5
Round sanded + CG4
7.5
21.75
3.0
200
16.7
0.12
60.83
195
6
Round sanded + CG4
7.5
21.75
3.0
350
16.7
0.12
60.83
195
7
Spiral wound + CG1
8.0
21.50
3.0
100
17.4
0.11
43.50
195
8
Spiral wound + CG2
8.0
21.50
3.0
100
18.6
0.11
43.50
195
9
Spiral wound + CG3
8.0
21.50
3.0
100
22.9
0.10
43.50
195
10
Spiral wound + CG4
8.0
21.50
3.0
100
16.7
0.12
43.50
195
11
Spiral wound + CG4
8.0
21.50
3.0
200
16.7
0.12
43.50
195
12
Spiral wound + CG4
8.0
21.50
3.0
350
16.7
0.12
43.50
195
13
Indented + CG1
7.9
21.55
3.0
100
17.4
0.11
163.33
195
14
Indented + CG2
7.9
21.55
3.0
100
18.6
0.11
163.33
195
15
Indented + CG3
7.9
21.55
3.0
100
22.9
0.10
163.33
195
16
Indented + CG4
7.9
21.55
3.0
100
16.7
0.12
163.33
195
17
Indented + CG4
7.9
21.55
3.0
200
16.7
0.12
163.33
195
Table 2
Mixture proportions of four grouts from Zhang et al. [32]
No.
Mixture proportions
CG1
Type 10 portland cement (ASTM 1


text:
Swedish explorer Peter Lindberg has discovered what he believes to be a UFO at the bottom of the Sea. He states the object is perfectly round, about 60 ft in diameter and unlike anything he has seen in his 18 years of research. The object was discovered between Finland and Sweden on the Ocean floor about 300 ft down. His team has found submerged treasure using sonar, including a century old shipwreck with rare and valuable champagne. Could his team have discovered a UFO wreck? Part of me remains incredulous but after watching the video and seeing the pictures I have to admit, the thing doesn't only look out of this world, but looks just like what a saucer shaped UFO would look like if it somehow ended up on the Ocean bottom. I've heard some people speculate that UFOs energy fields are disrupted by airplanes and helicopters and could cause them to crash. Some say this is what happened with the crash in Roswell. If it is a UFO crash in the Ocean, I hope the aliens hitched a ride and got to safety? Do you think it could be a UFO? If it is, how did it get there? Can aliens travel through the Ocean? What else could it be?
More like this:
- The Bermuda Triangle
- Mu: The Lost Continent?
- Alien World Found Beneath Sea
- Not Exactly Treasure…
- Ocean Bloop: Giant Monster Howl?
Peter Lindbergh _URL_
Sources: read full article here _URL_


text:
The total number of bacteria and culturable bacteria in Ade'lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) guano was determined during 42 days of decomposition in a location adjacent to the rookery in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Of the culturable bacteria, 72 randomly selected colonies were described using 49 morpho-physiological tests, 27 of which were subsequently considered significant in... characterizing and differentiating the isolates. On the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a fragment of the 16S rRNA
gene in each of 72 pure isolates, three major phylogenetic groups were identified, namely the Moraxellaceae/Pseudomonadaceae (29 isolates), the Flavobacteriaceae (14), and the Micrococcaceae (29). Grouping of the isolates on the basis of morpho-physiological tests (whether 49 or 27 parameters) showed similar results to those based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Clusters were characterized
by considerable intra-cluster variation in both 16S rRNA gene sequences and morpho-physiological responses. High diversity in abundance and morphometry of total bacterial communities during penguin guano decomposition was supported by image analysis of epifluorescence micrographs. The results indicate that the bacterial community in penguin guano is not only one of the richest in Antarctica, but is extremely diverse, both phylogenetically and morpho-physiologically.
2004 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights


text:
Tons of fish in Cirata, Saguling dams dead
The Jakarta Post
The Jakarta Post
Tons of fish cultivated at the Cirata and Saguling dams in West Bandung regency, West Java, died due to the impacts of extreme weather in the regency over the last few days.
'The deaths [of the fish], which were sparked by the absence of sunlight, caused fish farmers in the Cirata and Saguling dams to suffer losses estimated at billions of rupiah,' Sundaya, a representative of the local fish farming association, said on Monday as quoted by Antara.
He added that the lack of sunlight reduced the oxygen content in water, making it difficult for the fish to breathe, leading them to die. 'Additionally, the high intensity of rainfall caused water from the bottom of dams, containing sediment and mud and the remains of fish food, to rise to the surface,' said Sundaya.
That, according to him, resulted in the creation of toxic conditions in which the fish could not survive for long, even types of fish that have the power to survive in various climate conditions. 'For example, the fish of the tilapia species died because of [these conditions], even though they are classified as strong fish,' he said.
It was also feared that the extreme weather could spark virus attacks. 'It's difficult to detect infections from viruses, which usually attack the fish's gills,' Sundaya said.
His association therefore demanded support from the local government to help farmers overcome the impacts of the extreme weather.(krb)
- South Korea launches second Indonesian submarine
- Indonesia, Malaysia eye trade expansion beyond palm oil, petroleum
- Indonesia calls for rejuvenated UN for successful SDGs
- PLN upbeat about winning Chevron geothermal bids
- Sampoerna projects 2 percent decline in cigarette sales this year
- Jokowi instructs military, police to eradicate illegal levies
- Ahok explains to police about religious defamation allegation
- 'Thank you for no more discrimination against Chinese-Indonesians'
- Govt sets up special unit to tackle illegal levies
- Local developers to release 'one of the biggest indie game projects'


text:
'Recommendations to enhance the use of personhood tools to improve clinical care across sectors'
was created by the Behavioural Supports Ontario Lived Experience Advisory Members. The purpose of the Behavioural Supports Ontario (BSO) Lived Experience Advisory (LEA) is to unite individuals with lived experience across Ontario who share a common vision to improve care for older adults living with dementia, complex mental health, substance use and/or other neurological conditions and their families. To learn more about the Advisory or to join, please visit the Dementia Crossroads Website
Upon the advisory's inception, a priority goal surfaced to develop recommendations to enhance the use of personhood tools in different clinical care sectors (i.e., the "Personhood Tools Project"). Members voiced that when caring for someone living with one or more of the conditions listed under BSO's target population, it is essential to remember them as people with their own values, interests, preferences and histories. Information about someone's personhood provides them with a voice regarding their care preferences and needs in cases where they may no longer be able to verbalize their wishes.
The sharing of elements related to one's personhood can also assist staff across all sectors in building relationships, providing personalized care, and developing care plans that are tailored to the individual. In the context of BSO, information about an individual's personhood assists in identifying potential triggers and/or causes of responsive behaviours along with strategies to reduce their incidence and better support the individual through non-pharmacological interventions. The BSO LEA Members also suggest that leveraging personhood information in clinical care across sectors can reduce stigma, foster respect, increase safety, enhance empathy, promote care continuity, and improve the overall care experience. Ultimately, the members of the advisory saw how providing information related to one's personhood could be a vehicle to improving the delivery of person and family-centered care while also emphasizing dignity across all sectors.
On this webpage, you will find the recommendations which you can download in PDF format. This page also includes web links to all of the Recommended Personhood Tools mentioned in the document as well as other related resources. If you have implemented one of these tools or another personhood tool in your organization, we would love to hear from you! For more information about this initiative or to share how you use one or more of these tools, you can contact Sharon Osvald, BSO Lived Experience Facilitator at _EMAIL_


text:
- The race is 67 kilometres long
- Average width of 15 metres
- Average depth of 3 metres
- Average water speed of 0.8m/sec
The canal diverts water from the Rangitata River at Klondyke, across the Mid Canterbury Plains, to irrigate about 64, 000 hectares of farmland. A second intake is at the South Ashburton River. The race supplies water to the irrigation schemes of Mayfield Hinds, Valetta and Ashburton Lyndhurst and to the hydro electric power stations at Montalto and Highbank.
The RDR was built during the depression to give badly needed work for the unemployed. The RDR was the nation's first major river diversion and opened in 1945. Construction began in 1937 initially by pick and shovel. Major control structures built along the race include the Rangitata intake and sandtrap, checkgates, spillways and siphons passing under rivers and streams which cross the race. The RDR's design was completed in 1982 with the addition of Montalto.
The RDR's affordable water shows the foresight of the people who built the scheme and the good fortune of today's shareholders who benefit from paying for the water only.


not at steady state since the water on the wick is
 evaporating. However, the wet bulb temperature is established pretty
 quickly and is maintained until all the water is evaporated. So we can
 analyze the flows at steady state.
- MASS BALANCES:
 – air: IN = OUT
 – water: DEPLETION = OUT
 Wet bulb
 - ENERGY BALANCE: Hin + Q = Hout
 - Datum: BDA @ Tair, H2O (liquid) @ Twb
 Hair + Q = Hair + H evaporated water
  
Rate of water evaporation : k g wTwb  wT mass/time
  
H evaporated water  mh  k g wTwb  wT hv energy/time
Q, Rate of heat transfer : hc (T  Twb ) energy/time
 kg : mass transfer coefficient, hc : heat transfer coefficient
 Wet bulb energy balance
Q  H evaporated water
hc (T  Twb )  k g ( wTwb  wT )hv
wTwb  wT hc 1
 
 Twb  T k g hv
For the conditions of the wet bulb system:
hc
  0.25 Btu / lb.F ; 1.04 kJ / kg.K
kg
- SYSTEM: Adiabatic saturation tower
- MASS BALANCES:
- BDA: 1 kg BDA in = 1 kg BDA out (BASIS)
- Water: w kg in with air + m kg make-up = ws kg out with air
 Adiabatic saturation
- ENERGY BALANCE: Hin = Hout
- Datum: BDA @ Ts, H2O (liquid) @ Ts
 H IN
 BDA : C pBDA (T  Ts )
 water vapour : [hv  C pvapour (T  Ts )]w
 make  up water : mC p liquid (Ts  Ts )
 H OUT
 BDA : C pBDA (Ts  Ts )
 water vapour : [hv  C pvapour (Ts  Ts )]ws
 Adiabatic saturation energy balance
C pBDA (T  Ts )  [hv  C pvapour (T  Ts )]w  hv ws
(C pBDA  C pvapour w)(T  Ts )  hv ( ws  w)
(CS )(T  Ts )  hv ( ws  w)
wTs  wT Cs
 
 Ts  T hv
- Energy balance on wet bulb • Energy balance for adiabatic
 saturation
 wTwb  wT hc 1 wTs  wT Cs
  
 Twb  T k g hv Ts  T hv
 hc
  1.04 kJ / kg.K (water air systemin wet bulb scenario)
 kg
 Cs  C pBDA  C pvapour w  1.0  1.88w kJ / kgBDA.K
 w  0.01  0.1
 Cs  1.02  1.19 ; very close to the1.04 kJ / kg.K value
 Thus there is little error in taking the wet bulb lines
 to also represent adiabatic saturation lines
 on the w vs T coordinates of the water- air system,
 the PSYCHROMET RIC CHART.
 Energy balance
 for systems with chemical reaction
- So far we have considered the change of enthalpy only with
 temperature and phase (solid, liguid, vapour)
- Thus, in choosing a DATUM we have only specified a
 temperature and a state, e.g. H2O (liquid) at 0 C, BDA at 0 C
 etc.
- What about the following system?
 1 mol CH4 1 mol CO2
 2 mol O2 2 mol H2O
 At 25 C, 1 atm At 25 C, 1 atm
 CH 4  2O2  CO2  2 H 2O
 1 mol CH4 1 mol CO2
 2 mol O2 2 mol H2O (g)
 Q
 At 25 C, 1 atm At 25 C, 1 atm
- If we set DATUM: 25 C for all gases
 Then, Hin = Hout = 0, and Q = Hout – Hin = 0
- However, when we carry out this process, we observe that
 Q = - 802.32 kJ, i.e. the system gives off energy to the
 surroundings
- It looks like there is "generation" of energy in the system.
 So we revise our energy balance to read:
 Hin + Q + heat generated = Hout
- We know that energy is neither created nor destroyed but can
 change from one form to another
- So what we are observing in a chemical reaction is the
 transformation of energy from one form to another
- We are transforming the bond energies in the molecules to
 thermal energy
- We cannot measure bond energies by measuring the
 temperature or phase of a substance, so it appears as if energy
 is being "created"
- Other reactions may appear to "consume" energy.
 CH 4  2O2  CO2  2 H 2O H rxn  802 .32 kJ
 0
 - The negative sign indicates an exothermic reaction,
 i.e. the reaction creates energy
 - The opposite is an endothermic reaction, consuming energy
 - We calculate H0rxn by:
 H = ( mi  h )products - ( mi  h )reactants
 0
 rxn
 0
 fi
 0
 fi
 - Where the h0f are the standard heats of formation for each
 compound, tabulated in chemistry texts.
 - The superscript 0 refers to the standard state (25 C, 1 atm)
 - The bar over the H indicates that the value has been calculated
 for the indicated quantity of reactans/products, i.e. 1 mol of
 methane
 Energy balance with chemical reaction –
 "The Heat of reaction" approach
We revise the energy balance to include a term to account for the heat
 effects of chemical reactions:
 Hin + Q + heat generated = Hout
Using the convention for exothermic and endothermic reactions, we we
 can write this as:
 H IN  Q  H rxn  H OUT
When Hrxn is negative we end up with a positive value for "heat
 generated", and vice versa
The Hrxn term must account for the actual amount of reaction that took
 place.
It must account for reactants going to products at the specified DATUM
The DATUM does not have to be at 25 C but it is almost always more
 convenient to choose a DATUM of 25 C
- The standard heats of formation are themselves the heats of
 reactions that form the compounds from the constituent
 elements in their stable forms at 25 C and 1 atm.
- e.g.
 C  O2  CO2 h  393.51 kJ
 0
 f
 1
 H 2  O2  H 2O ( g ) h 0  241.83 kJ
 f
 2
 1
 H 2  O2  H 2O (l ) h f  285.84 kJ
 0
 2
 C  2 H 2  CH 4 h 0  74.84 kJ
 f
- The heat of formation of elemental species are 0! (by definition)
 Energy balance with chemical reaction –
 "The heat of formation" approach
We retain the energy balance developed for non-reacting systems:
 Hin + Q = Hout
However, we recognize that the enthalpy of any material entering
 or leaving the system must account for differences in enthalpy
 due to the chemical bond structure of the material. We therefore
 add a term to the specific enthalpy of substances:
  energy due to 
  energy in   
  chemical bonds    temperature or phase, 
 h 
    i.e. " sensible" enthalpy
  
 T
 h  h  
 0
 f C p dT
 25 C
 "The heat of formation" approach
 DATUM: Elements in their natural states at 25 C and 1 atm
hO2 , 25C  0
hN 2 , 25C  0
hH 2 , 25C  0
hCO2 , 25C  h 0
 f CO 2  393.51 kJ / mole
hH 2O ( g ), 25C  h 0
 f H 2O ( g )  241.83 kJ / mole
hH 2O (l ), 25C  h 0
 f H 2O ( l )  285.84 kJ / mole

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text:
Are In-Demand Jobs in the Hospitality Sector, In-Demand for Opportunity Youth?
A familiar theme in a "changing world of work" is the fear of job loss to automation, matched by insufficient job creation to meet the demands of youth unemployment. Despite these fears, the hospitality industry continues to grow: Demand for workers, the large number of entry-level jobs, combined with low barriers to entry, transferable customer service skills, and a tendency to promote existing and long-term employees to management-level positions, make the hospitality sector ideal for workforce development efforts that target young people. Hotel supply chains also represent a diverse array of opportunities for youth in a changing world of work. With so much potential for career pathways in hospitality, why aren't more youth engaged? This session discussed the potential of the hospitality industry alongside some of the common and persistent barriers to Opportunity Youth gaining access to jobs in the sector, as well as some of the strategies being deployed to address these challenges.


text:
Hamsters are adorable and curious creatures that make great pets. As responsible pet owners, it's important to ensure that our furry friends are receiving a well-balanced diet. While hamsters are known to enjoy a variety of foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains, it's important to know what they can and cannot eat. One question that often arises is whether or not hamsters can eat fish.
Fish is a common protein source for many animals, including humans, but is it safe for hamsters to consume? The answer is no, hamsters should not eat fish. While fish is a great source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids, it can be harmful to hamsters. Fish contains high levels of unsaturated fats, which can be difficult for hamsters to digest and can cause health problems. Additionally, fish can contain harmful bacteria and parasites that can make your hamster sick.
As a result, it's important to stick to a hamster's natural diet of fresh fruits, vegetables, and grains. Providing your hamster with a well-balanced diet will ensure that they receive all the necessary nutrients to maintain a healthy and happy life. While it may be tempting to feed your hamster a variety of human foods, it's important to do your research and consult with a veterinarian to ensure that they are safe for your furry friend to consume.
Hamster Dietary Basics
As responsible pet owners, we must ensure that our hamsters have a balanced and nutritious diet. In this section, we will cover the nutritional requirements of hamsters and the safe foods that we can offer them.
Hamsters require a diet that is high in protein and fiber and low in fat. A good quality hamster food that is specifically formulated for their nutritional needs is a great place to start. This type of food should make up the majority of your hamster's diet.
In addition to their food, hamsters also need fresh water available at all times. A water bottle with a sipper tube is the best option as it keeps the water clean and prevents spills.
Safe Foods for Hamsters
While hamster food should make up the majority of their diet, we can also offer our furry friends a variety of safe fresh foods as treats. These can include:
- Small amounts of fresh fruits and vegetables such as apple, carrot, and broccoli
- Cooked chicken or scrambled egg
- Small amounts of plain, unsweetened yogurt
It is important to remember that treats should only make up a small portion of your hamster's diet and should not be given in excess. Additionally, there are certain foods that are toxic to hamsters and should never be offered, such as chocolate, caffeine, and citrus fruits.
By following these guidelines and offering our hamsters a balanced and varied diet, we can ensure that they stay healthy and happy.
Fish as a Food Option for Hamsters
As pet owners, we always want to ensure that our furry friends are getting the best nutrition possible. When it comes to hamsters, we often wonder if we can feed them fish. In this section, we will discuss the potential benefits and risks of feeding fish to hamsters.
Fish can be a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids for hamsters. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for maintaining healthy skin and fur, as well as promoting brain and eye health. Additionally, fish can provide variety in a hamster's diet, which can help prevent boredom and encourage them to eat.
Risks and Considerations
While fish can be a nutritious addition to a hamster's diet, there are some risks and considerations to keep in mind. Firstly, not all types of fish are safe for hamsters to eat. Some fish, such as tuna, contain high levels of mercury, which can be toxic to hamsters in large amounts. It is important to do research and consult with a veterinarian before introducing fish to your hamster's diet.
Another consideration is the preparation of the fish. Hamsters are small animals and can choke on bones or other parts of the fish. It is important to remove all bones and thoroughly cook the fish before feeding it to your hamster.
Lastly, it is important to remember that hamsters are primarily herbivores and their diet should consist mainly of fruits, vegetables, and grains. While fish can be a nutritious addition to their diet, it should not be the main component.
In conclusion, fish can be a nutritious addition to a hamster's diet when fed in moderation and with proper preparation. However, it is important to do research and consult with a veterinarian before introducing fish to your hamster's diet.
Proper Feeding Practices
When it comes to feeding hamsters fish, it is important to follow proper feeding practices to ensure their health and well-being. Here are some guidelines to follow:
Hamsters have small stomachs and can only consume a limited amount of food at one time. It is important to feed them small portions of fish to avoid overfeeding. A good rule of thumb is to give them a piece of fish the size of their thumb, once or twice a week.
Frequency of Feeding
It is recommended to feed hamsters fish no more than once or twice a week. This is because fish is high in protein and fat, which can lead to health problems if consumed in excess. It is important to balance their diet with other foods such as vegetables, fruits, and grains.
To ensure your hamster's health and well-being, it is important to follow these proper feeding practices when feeding them fish. Remember to always provide fresh, clean water and monitor their behavior and health regularly.
Alternatives to Fish in a Hamster's Diet
When it comes to feeding our hamsters, we always want to make sure they are getting a well-balanced diet. While fish can be a great source of protein for our furry friends, there are other options available that can provide the same nutritional benefits. Here are some alternatives to fish in a hamster's diet:
Including vegetables in your hamster's diet is a great way to provide them with essential vitamins and minerals. Some vegetables that are safe for hamsters to eat include:
It's important to note that vegetables should be given in moderation, as too much can cause digestive issues. It's also important to wash vegetables thoroughly before feeding them to your hamster.
Protein Sources Other Than Fish
If you're looking for alternative protein sources for your hamster, there are plenty of options available. Some protein sources that are safe for hamsters to eat include:
- Cooked chicken
- Cooked eggs
- Nuts (in moderation)
It's important to note that any protein sources should be given in moderation, as too much can cause health issues. It's also important to avoid giving your hamster any processed meats or high-fat foods.
By incorporating a variety of vegetables and protein sources into your hamster's diet, you can ensure that they are getting all the essential nutrients they need to stay healthy and happy.
Identifying High-Quality Hamster Food
When it comes to hamster food, it is important to choose high-quality options that meet their nutritional needs. Here are some key factors to consider when identifying high-quality hamster food:
The first step in identifying high-quality hamster food is to check the ingredient list. Look for options that list whole foods, such as grains, vegetables, and fruits, as the main ingredients. Avoid products that contain fillers, by-products, or artificial preservatives.
In addition to checking the ingredient list, it is important to consider the nutritional content of the food. Hamsters require a diet that is high in protein and fiber, so look for options that meet these requirements. It is also important to avoid foods that are high in sugar or fat, as these can lead to health problems.
When choosing hamster food, it is important to consider the reputation of the brand. Look for options from well-known and respected brands that have a history of producing high-quality pet food. You can also check online reviews and ratings to get an idea of how other hamster owners feel about a particular brand or product.
By considering these factors, you can identify high-quality hamster food that will meet your pet's nutritional needs and help them stay healthy and happy.
Monitoring Your Hamster's Health
As responsible pet owners, we want to make sure our hamsters stay healthy and happy. Here are some key things to keep an eye on when it comes to your hamster's health:
It's important to feed your hamster a balanced diet that meets their nutritional needs. While hamsters are omnivores and can eat a variety of foods, it's important to avoid feeding them certain foods that can be harmful to their health. For example, hamsters should not be fed fish or any other type of seafood as it can cause digestive issues.
Make sure your hamster has access to fresh, clean water at all times. A lack of water can lead to dehydration, which can cause serious health problems. You can provide water to your hamster using a water bottle or a shallow dish.
Hamsters are active animals and need plenty of exercise to stay healthy. Make sure your hamster has plenty of space to run around and play. You can also provide them with toys and a hamster wheel to keep them active and engaged.
Pay attention to your hamster's behavior and look out for any changes. If your hamster is lethargic, has a loss of appetite, or is displaying other unusual behaviors, it may be a sign of an underlying health issue. Contact your veterinarian if you have any concerns.
By monitoring your hamster's diet,


text:
There are $12$ edges on a cube so there are $12$ winning lines along edges.
There are $6$ faces on a cube, and $4$ winning lines that pass through the middle of each face, so there are $24$ winning lines through the middle of faces.
Finally we need to consider the winning lines that go through the centre cube:
vertex to opposite vertex: $4$
middle of edge to middle of opposite edge: $6$
middle of face to middle of opposite face: $3$
In total, there are $12 + 24 + 4 + 6 + 3 = 49$ winning lines.
From a vertex there are $7$ other vertices that you can join to in order to make a winning line. $7 \times 8 = 56$ lines, but this counts each line from both ends, so there are $28$'vertex' winning lines.
From the middle of an edge there are $3$ other middles-of-edges that you can join to in order to make a winning line. $3 \times 12 = 36$ lines, but this counts each line from both ends so there are $18$'middle of edge' winning lines.
From the centre of each face there is one winning line, joining to the opposite face, so there are $3$ 'centre of face' winning lines.
So in total, there are $28 + 18 + 3 = 49$ winning lines.
On a plane there are $8$ winning lines.
In the cube, there are $3$ horizontal planes, so $8 \times 3 = 24$ winning lines.
There are also $3$ vertical planes going from left to right, but now with only $5$ new winning lines per plane, as the $3$ horizontal lines have already been counted. So $5 \times 3 = 15$ winning lines.
On the $3$ vertical planes going from front to back, we now only have $2$ new (diagonal) winning lines per plane. So $2 \times 3 = 6$ winning lines.
Finally, there are also diagonal planes to consider. There are $4$ winning lines going from corner to diagonally opposite corner.
In total, there are $24 + 15 + 6 + 4 = 49$ winning lines.


text: Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the existence of gender discrimination in the service delivery process of the poverty reduction programs in Bangladesh. Originality: This paper has developed a multidimensional scale to assess the efficiency of Government (GO) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the service delivery process of poverty reduction programs in rural Bangladesh as there is no such scale available in the literature. The scale then is utilized to find differences in opinion between male and female beneficiaries. Key literature / theoretical perspective: This study followed a process of scale development proposed in marketing, psychology and human resources management. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is based on quantitative survey from 78 randomly chosen villages in Bangladesh. Confirmatory factor analysis and discriminant analysis were used to explore the differences in opinion of the beneficiaries. Findings: In most geographic areas, more improvement in efficiency determining items are demanded by female beneficiaries proves that they are not only deprived of better services compared to their male counterparts but also are carrying the hallmarks of gender discrimination. Research limitations/implications: Responses of the beneficiaries of the geographically disadvantageous areas like char (island), haor (water bodies) and hilly areas are not included. Practical and Social implications: It is hoped that region-wise findings will help the policy makers of both GO and NGOs to pin-point the areas of service delivery in which they require more attention.


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How do I read a point from a curve or line?
Sometimes, in introductory geoscience courses, you are asked to read data from a graph (the graph may have a line or a curve on it). You may have constructed the line or curve yourself (for more information see constructing a best fit line) or it may be a graph that was constructed for you. Either way, the procedure is the same for finding a data point. A quick review of the basics of graphing might help - particularly the tutorial on plotting points since the basic idea comes from this concept.
Reading data from a graph
When should I read a point from a graph?If you are given a value for one of the parameters (or variables) on the graph and asked to determine the value of the other, the question is asking you to read a point from the plot. Remember that variables will be labeled on the axes of the graph (e.g., Epicenter distance and travel time on the graph at the right). In the plot to the right - showing P- and S- wave travel times through the Earth, the x-axis is labeled 'EPICENTER DISTANCE' and the y-axis is labeled 'TRAVEL TIME'. Thus, if you are given a travel time for the P-wave, you should be able to determine the distance to the epicenter. For example, if I tell you that it took 7 minutes for the P-wave (the red curve) to arrive, by the time you finish reading through this page, you should be able to tell me that the epicenter of the earthquake was 4000 km away.
How do I read a point from a graph with a curve or line?Let's use the plot to the right as an example for reading data from a graph. This plot shows travel times as related to distance for P-waves (red curve) and S-waves (blue curve) from the epicenter of an earthquake. P- and S-waves are two types of waves that are generated by earthquakes; P-waves travel faster than S-waves. If you would like a PDF to print out so that you can look at the full sized image, you can download one here (Acrobat (PDF) 149kB Jun19 09).
Some simple steps for reading data from a graphThere are a few simple steps for reading a point from a line (or curve). We will use the following example to illustrate our steps:
The S-wave takes 13 minutes and 20 seconds to arrive at our measuring station. How far away is the epicenter?
- Begin by making sure you know the scale and units on each of the axes. Begin by looking at the axes. On the plot to the right, the x-axis (horizontal axis) is labeled EPICENTER DISTANCE (km) and each bold line is 1000 km. The y-axis (vertical axis) is labeled TRAVEL TIME (minutes) and each bold line is 1 minute.
- Look at the scale of each of the axes.
On the x-axis of this plot, the increments between each (vertical) bold line are 1000 km (this is a major increment on the plot). Between each bold line, there are five increments. To figure out how many km between each minor increment, divide the major increment by the the number of smaller increments. So, 1000 divided by 5 gives us 200 km for each smaller increment.
The y-axis is a bit more complicated because the scale is measured in time. In this case, the vertical axis is labeled minutes and each bold (horizontal) line represents 1 minute. Remember that each minute is divided up into 60 seconds (not 10 or 100). Thus, 60 divided by the three increments between each minute gives us 20 seconds each.
- Next, determine which axis shows the data you have been given in the question. Find the given value on that axis. In the question, you are told that the S-wave takes 13 minutes and 20 seconds to arrive. Which of the axes provides information in minutes (and seconds)? The y-axis! Keeping in mind the scale, find 13 min 20 sec on the y-axis.
- Draw a line (horizontally if you know y or vertically if you know x) from the point you marked on the axis until it hits the curve or line you are interested in. In this case, you know the y value and you are asked to read from the S-wave curve (the blue line). Follow a horizontal line from 13 min 20 sec until it intersects the blue line.
- Now, you can find the answer by drawing a straight line from where your line from step 4 intersects the curve to the other axis.
Because you know the y-value, you want to read off the x-axis (which happens to be in units of distance - kilometers). Draw a line straight down until it intersects the x-axis and read the number that is there - 4400 km (click to enlarge). Remember that each increment on the x-axis is 200 km. The line intersects the x-axis 2 units past 4000 km, so the epicenter must be 4400 km away.
Where is graph reading used in the geosciences?Graph reading can be found throughout the geosciences in a variety of contexts. There are very few topics in introductory geoscience that do not include graph reading of some sort. Some of the more common uses of generating data from a graph, or reading points from a graph include:
- geothermal gradients
- geologic time (absolute time)
- flood frequency
- glacial retreat
- climate change
- stream discharge
- and many more!
You have successfully read a point from a curve! Now you can move on and practice with some other data on the sample problems page.
If you would like to know more about reading data from plots, you can use the links below to read more about them.


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The L1® Approach and the History Of Amplification / Medium Resolution
High resolution | Medium resolution | Low Resolution
The L1 approach to amplifying live music is based on the qualities of unamplified music: each musician in control of his or her sound, the ability to hear oneself and each other, and the sound of each voice and instrument coming from its unique location. This video explains the major historical eras of amplification, from the early days of individual instrument amplification to the era of triple systems (backline, monitors, PA) and the present era that includes the new L1® approach. The unique behavior of the L1® loudspeaker is described along with how it is used by musicians.


Localization and language
Staring with version 3.0, JupyterLab provides the ability to set the display language of the user interface.
Language packs
To be able to provide a new display language, you will need to install a language pack.
Visit the language packs repository for a list of available packs.
Language packs are identified by the four letter code of the language and variant they provide. For example, for Simplified Chinese the language pack code is zh-CN and you can install it with conda or pip.
If you use conda with conda-forge packages:
conda install -c conda-forge jupyterlab-language-pack-zh-CN
If you use Pip:
pip install jupyterlab-language-pack-zh-CN
Changing the display language
To change the interface language, select the Settings menu and then select the desired language in the Language submenu.
The Language submenu will only list any previously installed language packs.
Selecting the new language will prompt for confirmation.
Once you accept, the browser will refresh and the interface will now be shown, for this example in Simplified Chinese.


text:
R. Das and S. Winter, "A Neuro-Fuzzy based Hybrid Intelligent Framework for Transport Mode Detection," in Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Mobile Entity
Localization, Tracking and Analysis (MELT), 2016.
Understanding transport mode detection, is important to transport planning and movement behavior analysis. In order to detect the transport modalities from GPS trajectories, various machine learning approaches have already been explored. However, the majority of them produce only a single conclusion from a given set of evidences, ignoring the uncertainty of any mode classication. Also, the existing machine learning approaches fall short in explaining their reasoning scheme. In contrast, a fuzzy expert system can explain its reasoning scheme in a human readable format with more exibility, but lacks the adaptivity and learning ability of machine learning. In this paper, a novel multi-layered hybrid intelligent framework is developed by integrating a fuzzy logic and a machine learning approach to complement each other's limitations. Thus in this paper an intelligent fuzzy logic-based near-real time mode detection framework is presented that can perform comparable to state-of-the-art machine learning approaches by bridging the trade-off between explanatory power and prediction accuracy of the models. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework has achieved the aim in the context of near-real time transport mode detection.


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On 18th June 2019 the Bishop of Leeds, Rt Revd Nick Baines, received five written answers from Government, about religious freedom and the persecution of Christians:
The Lord Bishop of Leeds: HL16018 To ask Her Majesty's Government what is their strategy for promoting and protecting freedom of religion or belief as an objective of UK foreign policy.
Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) is committed to using our influence to defend Freedom of Religion or Belief as a universal human right which should be enjoyed by everyone. That is why the Prime Minister appointed me as her Special Envoy on Freedom of Religion or Belief.
The UK regularly raises this topic through Ministers, our diplomatic network and at the Human Rights Council. In recent years we have seen reports of a particular rise in the persecution of Christians. The Foreign Secretary launched the independent review of FCO support for persecuted Christians on 30 January. The Review is led by the Bishop of Truro. It will map levels of persecution and discrimination against Christians around the world, and provide robust recommendations on how the FCO can respond. The Bishop has now submitted his interim report and will submit his final report in the Summer.
The Lord Bishop of Leeds: HL16021 To ask Her Majesty's Government what representation they will be sending to the United States Ministerial to Advance Religious Freedom, due to be held on 16 to 18 July.
Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon: The UK will be represented at the US Ministerial to Advance Religious Freedom. The full list of representation is yet to be confirmed but I do plan to attend as the Prime Minister's Special Envoy on Freedom of Religion or Belief.
The Lord Bishop of Leeds: HL16022 To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the Bishop of Truro's Independent Review for the Foreign Secretary of FCO Support for Persecuted Christians: Interim Report, published on 3 May.
Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon: The Foreign Secretary thanked the Bishop of Truro for the Interim Report published on 3 May and commented that the findings on the scale and severity of Christian persecution worldwide make for sobering reading. We now look forward to the final report in due course. Once the final report is published, an assessment of the Review will follow. This will enable the Review to maintain its independence.
Baroness Sugg: DFID has reviewed and assessed the Wilton Park Statement on assisting religious minorities in humanitarian crises. The Wilton Park Conference brought together and found common ground between an unprecedented gathering of human rights activists, humanitarian organisations, representatives of governments and international organisations and faith groups. The statement illustrates how the different approaches can be complimentary. Whilst clearly recognising that humanitarian responses have to be guided by the principles of impartiality and assistance provided on the basis of need alone, the statement provides guidance to assist humanitarian practitioners determine whether vulnerable groups and religious minorities are most at risk and how to encourage and facilitate the participation and partnership of local and national religious communities in determining specific needs of vulnerable religious minority individuals and communities.
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Watch innovation in action in a SAIT-made testing chamberFebruary 17, 2016
Destructive testing is a powerful tool which can tell us a lot about the properties of materials. However, testing has to be done correctly. Potentially hazardous airborne particles, such as fibreglass shards or metal fragments, can result from these tests.
The Design, Fabrication and Testing team made a customized testing chamber that allows tensile, fatigue and compressive tests to be safely performed and observed.
"The chamber itself contains the larger projectiles which may develop from the breaking of a sample. The dust-collection system collects any microscopic particles that are too small to see," said project lead Emily Swan. "The chamber is made from a clear polycarbonate and is large enough to accommodate a variety of testing fixtures and equipment. The design also ensures that there is minimal impact on the testing results."
SAIT researchers use the testing chamber in their work developing new technologies with industry partners. Swan also sees it as a learning tool for students in SAIT's schools of Construction, Transportation, and Manufacturing and Automation.
"We tested a variety of materials including plastic fibreglass and metal," explained Swan. "Students would be able to see the materials they study and use on a daily basis undergo a variety of tests, which would enhance their understanding of how these materials perform." The testing chamber is currently being used to test new composites for unmanned aerial vehicles.


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I seldom read the minstrel stories so I had a hard time guessing the answers to these. Lol. But seriously, who would like to read the long bard stories? Anyway, I compiled the answers to the Glast Heim (GH) Quest Minstrel Belmond Ellen's Questions here.
Before you proceed, take note that the Glast Heim Quests, including Minstrel Belmond Ellen's Quests, will only be unlocked on Level 80.
Dark Falls Questions – Talk to Minstrel Belmond Ellen (Answer: 2-1-3)
- Who is the master of Hollgrehenn the blacksmith in Prontera?
- In Eremes' story, which monster gained control over Eremes' father?
Answer: The Dark Illusion
- In Solo Took's story, what's the name of Solo Took's wife?
King Schmitz Questions – Talk to Minstrel Belmond Ellen (Answer: 2-1-1)
- In Yarsuharka the Sabertooth's story, which term of Kobold prophet did Yarsuharka serve as?
Answer: The First
- Reyen, Morgan, and Maria have one mentor. What's her name?
- Which guild did Los Rabil belong to before joining in the Hand of Goddess?
Answer: The Assassins' Guild
Wisdom Family Questions – Talk to Minstrel Belmond Ellen (Answer: 3-1-2)
- In Sibigay's story, what is Sibigay's profession?
- In Lavure's story, what magic did Lavure cast?
Answer: Ancient Magic
- In Elke's story, what did Elke want to exchange the Goddess necklace for?
Answer: Goddess's Tear


text:
Battle of New Market Heights & Campaign Before Richmond 1864 Reenactment
Seize the opportunity to visit Henrico County as it commemorates the 150th anniversary of the Battle of New Market Heights and the Campaign Before Richmond! Take in the sites, sounds, and tastes of the Civil War as you learn more about this important last campaign for Richmond, the Capital of the Confederacy. You'll experience:
- More than 1,500 reenactors relive the battles of New Market Heights and other engagements from the 1864 Richmond Campaign.
- Presentations detailing the significance of this campaign including the role of African Americans.
- Live music from the era, including drummers, buglers, and songs of the soldier's camps.Historical fair featuring actors, demonstrators and crafters.
- A sampling of Civil War foods – along with plenty of modern vendors.
- Revelations from Civil War historians about the plight of civilians on the homefront.
10:00 AM - 2:00 PM
9:00 AM - 6:00 PM
9:00 AM - 2:30 PM


index page the cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system (Squats Martine)
To pass the test you must be able to sit for 5 minutes, run 20 full squats. the test takes about 10-15 minutes.
Test
Your birthday:
 Sex:
1. You must sit 5 minutes.
2. Count the pulse at rest.
3. Enter to squats pulse:
4. Perform 20 squats stretching his arms in front of the average pace (1-1.5 seconds one squat).
5. Two minutes to sit quietly.
6. Read pulse for the next 3,4,5,6 minutes. Enter the program number of minutes at which the pulse became equal to the pulse squats.
7. Enter the number of minutes at which the pulse became normal:
8. Press "Enter". The test is complete!
enter


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let $A = \{1,\ldots,n\}^2$, for some $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We define a partial order on $A$ by $(a,b) \leq (c,d)$ when $a \leq c$ and $b \leq d$. What is the number of ascending non-degenerate (all points are different) chains of length $k$, for relevant $k$.
Help please...
This is not a homework assignment, but just a question of interest.
share|improve this question
4 Answers 4
up vote 1 down vote accepted
This is equivalent to the number of paths from $(0,0)$ to $(n,n)$ allowing -anylattice steps that move closer to $(n,n)$ (this takes into account'repeated points in the chain). Another way of saying this is integer compositions of $(n,n)$ (adding any sequence of pairs from $(i,j)$, where $i,j$ can run independently from 0 to $n$, but at least one is greater than 0).
The recurrence for $F(n,m,k)$ is $$ F(m,n,k) = \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} \sum_{j=0}^{m-1} F(i,j,k-1) + \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} F(i,m,k-1)+ \sum_{j=0}^{m-1} F(n,j,k-1) $$ which converts to
$$ \begin{eqnarray} F(0,0,0) &=& 1\\ F(n,m,0) &=& 0\\ F(n,m,k) &=& F(n,m-1,k) + F(n-1,m,k) - F(n-1, m-1,k) +\\ && F(n,m-1,k-1) + F(n-1,m,k-1) - F(n-1, m-1,k-1) \end{eqnarray} $$
The following table is for $\sum_{k\ge0} F(n,m,k)$:
1 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
1 3 8 20 48 112 _PHONE_
2 8 26 76 _PHONE_ 3392
4 20 76 _PHONE_ 6080
8 48 _PHONE_ 8016
16 _PHONE_ 8016
32 _PHONE_ 6080
64 _PHONE_
_PHONE_
with main diagonal: $$ 1, 3, 26, 252, 2568, 26928, 287648, _PHONE_,... $$
the number of paths to $(n,n)$ of any length (1 to 2n), which is OEIS sequence A02141, closely related to the central Delannoy numbers({OEIS A001850](_URL_
The original question, for the table $F(n,n,k)$ for those paths of length $k$, this is given by OEIS A059576.
share|improve this answer
Thank you very much! I've lost hope for this question already :) – shamovic Jul 12 '11 at 21:56
Let F(m,n,k) be the number of ascending chains of length k in $\{1,...,m\} \times \{1,...n\}$. Note that since the partial order satisfies $(a,b) \le (a,b)$, an ascending chain should be allowed to include points repeated arbitrarily many times. By first-step analysis, $F(m,n,k) = \sum_{i=1}^m \sum_{j=1}^n F(i,j,k-1)$, with $F(m,n,0) = 1$. I get $F(m,n,k) = {m+k-1 \choose k} {n+k-1 \choose k}$.
Or did you want to disallow repeated points in the chain? That would make things more complicated.
share|improve this answer
I think repeated points are disallowed. Though I haven't mentioned it specifically. I'll edit the question. Thanks however Robert, it is a good point we didn't think of. – shamovic Mar 22 '11 at 19:43
At the peril of answering someone else's homework problem...
Think of a chain as a sequence of moves of length 1 in either the first or second of the pair. A move of 1 in the first we designate by 0, in the second by 1. an ascending chain of length $k$ is then any such binary sequence of length $k$. Since there are no restrictions on these binary strings, there is a one-to-one correspondence between chains of length $k$ and binary sequences of length $k$, or $2^k$.
share|improve this answer
Does this work? I'm not entirely convinced, what you've described is the number of paths of length $k$ in $2$-tree. Unless ascending chain has a stricter definition than I'm aware of, I don't see why (1,1)->(1,n) is invalid. – JSchlather Mar 21 '11 at 21:26
Thanks for the answer, but as Jacob said, the elements in the chains need not be adjacent... My first thought as well :) – shamovic Mar 22 '11 at 14:08
_USER_: OK. Well then, I answered -somequestion :) – Mitch Mar 22 '11 at 17:00
I put a little bit of thought into this and came up with some not very helpful formulas, but maybe you'd like to see them. Let $A,n,\leq$ be as defined in your question. Suppose that $F(n,k,a,b)$ is the number of ascending chains in $A$ starting at $(a,b)$ and $F(n,k)$ is the number of ascending chains in $A$ of length $k$. Then we may define $F$ recursively, let $C:=\{(c,d) \in A: (a,b)\leq (c,d) \} $ $$F(n,k,a,b)=\sum_{(c,d) \in C} F(n,k-1,c,d).$$
Clearly $F(n,0,a,b)=1$ and we may also deduce without too much work that $F(n,1,a,b)=(n-a+1)(n-b+1)-1$, that is we have (n-a+1) numbers greater than or equal to a in our set and likewise for b, but we can't use (a,b) so we have to subtract 1. Using that formula I can calculate $F(n,1)$ but the result isn't very pretty. Also note that for $k>2n-2, F(n,k)=0$, since the longest a chain can be is $2n-2$.
It's plausible that I'm looking at the problem the wrong way, but I couldn't get anywhere past the $k=1$ case calculating directly and I don't find the recurrence that much more useful. And while I can relate $F(n,k,a,b)$ to $F(n,k-1),c,d)$ in a reasonable manner, I don't see any "neat" way to relate $F(n,k)$ and $F(n,k-1)$ without invoking the previous relation.
share|improve this answer
Thanks Jacob, We've reached the same breaking point before I've posted the question here. It seems that recursion can't be resolved easily. Maybe our thought that the solution should be rather trivial is wrong :) – shamovic Mar 22 '11 at 19:41
Your Answer


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We are honored to announce that the National University of Córdoba (UNC), an institution dedicated to fostering learning through critical thinking and to fostering scientific vocation, has joined edX.
As one of the first universities in Latin America, the university shares edX's mission and commitment to offering learners all over the world access to high quality educational content and to sharing the latest in scientific innovation. The first course offered by the National University of Córdoba is Introducción a las ondas gravitacionales (Introduction to Gravitational Waves). The course is open for enrollment today and begins on November 27.
The course, which offers learners the opportunity to explore the most important recent scientific discoveries in the field of gravitational waves, is taught by Dr. Gabriela Gonzalez, who was part of a Nobel Prize winning team in the field of gravitational waves. During the course, Dr. Gonzalez will teach learners how gravitational waves are produced and detected. In addition, learners will delve into the inner workings of black holes – what they are and how we can study them – and will gain an in-depth understanding of gravity.
The launch of this course from the National University of Córdoba marks an exciting start to our ongoing partnership and we look forward to sharing news of more courses in the future.
Please join me in welcoming the National University of Córdoba to edX!
08 Jan 2019


Net Gain (telecommunications)
Get Net Gain Telecommunications essential facts below. View Videos or join the Net Gain Telecommunications discussion. Add Net Gain Telecommunications to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.
Net Gain Telecommunications
In telecommunications, net gain is the overall gain of a transmission circuit. Net gain is measured by applying a test signal at an appropriate power level at the input port of a circuit and measuring the power delivered at the output port. The net gain in dB is calculated by taking 10 times the common logarithm of the ratio of the output power to the input power.
The net gain expressed in dB may be positive or negative. If the net gain expressed in dB is negative, it is also called the net loss. If the net gain is expressed as a ratio, and the ratio is less than unity, a net loss is indicated.
The test signal must be chosen so that its power level is within the usual operating range of the circuit being tested.
References
 This article uses material from the Wikipedia page available here. It is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
Net_gain_(telecommunications)

Music Scenes


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This page summarizes information about AP ID labels and answer sheets. For complete information, review the "AP ID Labels and the Answer Sheet" section in the AP Coordinator's Manual, Part 2, available later this year.
AP ID Labels
When students provide their registration information in My AP when first enrolling in a class section, each student is assigned a unique, alphanumeric code known as an AP ID.
A personalized AP ID label sheet is shipped for each student included in your school's AP Exam order.
Students place AP ID labels on their paper exam materials, connecting their materials with the registration information they've provided. Once an AP ID is assigned to a student, it remains their AP ID every year they take an AP course or exam. Students will receive a new AP ID label sheet with their AP ID each year they take AP Exams.
For AP Chinese and AP Japanese Exams, students don't place their labels on anything because the entire exam is administered online, but they'll need to refer to their AP ID label sheet so they can enter their AP ID on the student information screen at the beginning of the exam.
For AP 2-D Art and Design and AP Drawing, students place their AP ID label on the back of their physical artworks before mailing them to the AP Program. AP Art and Design students also enter their AP ID in the digital submission web application before forwarding their digital portfolio to their AP teacher.
The AP ID labels arrive in the spring in separate shipment from the AP Exams.
The AP Program can't guarantee AP ID labels can be produced for students added to your exam order after March 15. If a student doesn't have an AP ID label sheet, they'll need to write their AP ID on their answer sheet and other exam materials.
Answer sheets are sent in your exam shipments. The answer sheet is a single page, double sided.


text:
Air vessel tank used to maintain pressure in fire pumps. The size of the air vessel tank depends on the fire pump pressure.
Air Vessel Tank is a highly durable cylindrical container which is commonly used as an accumulator in high pressure fluid systems to store the compressed air and for the separation of the condensate through cooling. It also helps to maintain the pressure within the fire pump by compensating the fluctuations for the uniform and constant fluid distribution. It is designed as per the international organization for standardization that makes it highly durable and sturdy in construction.


text:
The Porterville Irrigation District was formed in June of 1949, by a vote of the landowners in order to contract with the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR or Bureau) for a supply of water from the Central Valley Project (CVP).
The development of irrigated agriculture in the Porterville area started in about 1870. By 1901, over 5,000 acres were being irrigated by diversion from the Tule River and pumping from shallow groundwater.
In the fall of 1921, the State Division of Water Resources prepared its first ground water map of the Porterville area. At that time the mean depth to water in the area was 17.2 feet. By 1950, the depth to water within the newly formed Porterville Irrigation District had increased to 64.3 feet as groundwater was being extracted faster than it was being replaced through natural recharge.
Well depth measurements made by District personnel in the Fall of 1985 averaged a ground surface to water distance of 22.0 feet. By 2009, this distance had increased to 76.1 feet. Current depths to groundwater information are maintained by the Eastern Tule GS
December 1951 – USBR Contract Signing
BACK, L–R: R.M. Parks, Norman Castle, Ira Anthony and Attorney Erling Kloster
FRONT, L–R: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation representative, Morris Henderson and Virginia Falconer


HyperDic: inhabitant
English > 1 sense of the word inhabitant:
NOUNperson inhabitant, habitant, dweller, denizen, indwellera person who inhabits a particular place
inhabitant > pronunciation
Soundsihnhhae'bahtahnt; ihnhhae'bihtahnt
Rhymesabandonment... wonderment: 671 rhymes with ahnt...
English > inhabitant: 1 sense > noun 1, person
MeaningA person who inhabits a particular place.
Synonymshabitant, dweller, denizen, indweller
NarrowerAlsatianA native or inhabitant of Alsace
AmericanA native or inhabitant of the United States
AmericanA native or inhabitant of a North American or Central American or South American country
Asian, AsiaticA native or inhabitant of Asia
Australian, AussieA native or inhabitant of Australia
AustronesianA native or inhabitant of Austronesia
EuropeanA native or inhabitant of Europe
Galilean, GalilaeanAn inhabitant of Galilee (an epithet of Jesus Christ)
HittiteA member of an ancient people who inhabited Anatolia and northern Syria about 2000 to 1200 BC
LatinAn inhabitant of ancient Latium
NazareneAn inhabitant of Nazareth
New Zealander, KiwiA native or inhabitant of New... / New Zealand
NorthernerAn inhabitant of the North
NumidianAn inhabitant of ancient Numidia
OccidentalA native inhabitant of the Occident
PhilistineA member of an Aegean people who settled ancient Philistia around the 12th century BC
PhrygianA native or inhabitant of Phrygia
Trinidadianinhabitant or native of Trinidad
bordererAn inhabitant of a border area (especially the border between Scotland and England)
cottager, cottage dwellersomeone who lives in a cottage
easternerAn inhabitant of an eastern area
islander, island-dwellerAn inhabitant of an island
landlubber, landsman, landmanA person who lives and works on land
liversomeone who lives in a place
marcherAn inhabitant of a border district
plainsmanAn inhabitant of a plains region (especially the Great Plains of North America)
resident, occupant, occupiersomeone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there
tellurian, earthling, earthman, worldlingAn inhabitant of the earth
villagerOne who has lived in a village most of their life
westernerAn inhabitant of a western area
Broaderperson, individual, someone, somebody, mortal, soulA human being
Spanishhabitante, habitantes, moradora, morador, residente, vecina, vecino
Catalanhabitant, llatinoamericà, pobladora, poblador, resident, veí, veïna
Verbsinhabitinhabit or live in
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