text:
Income tax: The deductibility for Queensland school employees of the cost of obtaining a suitability notice for working with children
Please note that the PDF version is the authorised version of this ruling.
FOI status:may be releasedFOI number: I _PHONE_
|What this Class Ruling is about
|Date of effect
|Detailed contents list
|The number, subject heading, and the What this Class Ruling is about (including Tax law(s), Class of persons and Qualifications sections), Date of effect, Arrangement and Ruling parts of this document are a 'public ruling' in terms of Part IVAAA of the Taxation Administration Act 1953. CR 2001/1 explains Class Rulings and Taxation Rulings TR 92/1 and TR 97/16 together explain when a Ruling is a public ruling and how it is binding on the Commissioner.
What this Class Ruling is about
1. This Ruling sets out the Commissioner's opinion on the way in which the 'tax law(s)' identified below apply to the defined class of persons, who take part in the arrangement to which this Ruling relates.
Class of persons
3. The class of persons to whom this Ruling applies are paid employees (other than registered teachers) of a Queensland school who are newly appointed to a permanent, temporary or casual position on or after 1 May 2001 and who are in 'regulated employment' and required to undergo a suitability check under the Commission for Children and Young People Act 2000 (the CCYP Act). It also applies to existing employees of a Queensland school who undergo the suitability check (also known as the 'working with children' check).
- work carried out inside a boarding facility at a school (but not work carried out by a registered teacher),
- work at a school if the usual functions of the employment include, or are likely to include, providing services that are directed mainly towards children, or conducting activities that mainly involve children, but does not include work carried out by a registered teacher;
- work which involves counselling or support services where the usual functions of the employment include providing counselling or support where the employee is physically present with the child while no-one else is present or the employee is not physically present with the child (e.g., providing advice over the telephone).
5. Examples of this class of school employees include people engaged as administrative officers, registrars, janitors, community education counsellors, teacher aides, scientific assistants, cleaners and school-employed trainees.
7. The class of persons defined in this Ruling may rely on its contents provided the arrangement described below at paragraphs 11 to 14 is carried out in accordance with the details of the arrangement provided in this Ruling.
- this Ruling has no binding effect on the Commissioner because the arrangement entered into is not the arrangement on which the Commissioner has ruled, and
- this Ruling may be withdrawn or modified.
9. A Class Ruling may only be reproduced in its entirety. Extracts may not be reproduced. Because each Class Ruling is subject to copyright, except for any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 no Class Ruling may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be sent to:
Legislative Services, AusInfo
GPO Box 1920
CANBERRA ACT 2601.
Date of effect
11. The CCYP Act came into effect on 1 May 2001. Under the Act an employer who proposes to start employing, or continue employing, another person in regulated employment may apply for a suitability notice for the employee stating whether the employee is a suitable person for child-related employment.
13. Once the principal of a school in Queensland has selected the 'preferred applicant' for an advertised vacancy, the principal (as employer) and the 'preferred applicant' (as prospective employee) complete the appropriate sections of the Application by employer for suitability notice of a prospective paid employee form. The principal lodges the form with the Commission for Children and Young People with the required fee. The fee is to be paid by the preferred applicant.
14. The Act provides a discretion for employers to apply for a suitability notice for existing employees where the employer knows or reasonably suspects that a current employee has a criminal history that may make them unsuitable for child-related employment. This application is also accompanied by an application fee, the cost borne by the employee.
- where the employee is an existing employee of a school and is required to obtain a suitability notice in order to continue to derive assessable income in that position
- where a new employee of a school has recently derived assessable income from being continuously employed within the field of child-related employment.
16. Where a suitability notice is required to be renewed the cost of the renewal is deductible to the employee where the employee is currently employed in a permanent, temporary or casual position at a school and requires a suitability notice to be renewed to continue in that employment.
18. The basic tests for deductibility of work-related expenses are in section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. This states that you can deduct any loss or outgoing to the extent that is incurred in gaining or producing your assessable income. However, you cannot deduct a loss or outgoing if it is of a capital or private or domestic nature.
19. A number of significant court decisions have determined that, for an expense to satisfy the tests in section 8-1, it must have the essential character of an outgoing incurred in gaining assessable income (Lunney v FC of T; Hayley v FC of T (1958) 100 CLR 478; ALR 225; 11 ATD 404) and there must be a nexus between the outgoing and the assessable income so that the outgoing is incidental and relevant to the gaining of assessable income (Ronpibon Tin NL v FC of T (1949) 78 CLR 47; 8 ATD 431).
20. Obtaining a suitability notice under the Act is a requirement for a person to commence child-related employment or, in some cases, to continue such employment in Queensland. For existing employees who are required to obtain the notice and who already have paid employment at a school, either in a temporary, casual or permanent position, the expense is necessary to secure the continuity of the existing income stream. The necessary nexus between the outgoing and the income is therefore established and the cost of obtaining the notice is deductible.
21. For new employees of a particular school who have held previous positions in the field of child-related employment with other employers, the necessary nexus is established if it can be considered that they have been continuously employed in the field of child-related employment and it is necessary for them to obtain the suitability notice to secure the continuity of this income stream. This is a question of fact to be determined for each employee. The existence of a position involving child-related employment with another employer and the period of time since assessable income was last derived from such a position will be taken into account to determine whether any breaks in employment sever the nexus between the outgoing and assessable income.
22. New employees who need to obtain the notice as a prerequisite to starting work in the field of child-related employment incur the expense at a point too soon to be regarded as obtaining assessable income (FC of T v Maddalena 71 ATC 4161; (1971) 2 ATR 541). In these cases, the expense is not deductible. This view is supported by Taxation Ruling TR 98/6 which, in relation to a similar issue, states:
'In nearly all States and Territories, employers require real estate employees to obtain a police clearance certificate when entering the industry. A deduction is not allowable for the cost of obtaining the police clearance certificates. Although the police clearance certificate may be necessary for employment into the industry, the expense if an outgoing that precedes the earnings of assessable income'.
24. A suitability notice is required to be renewed at least every 2 years. The cost of obtaining the renewal of the notice is deductible provided the employee can be said to be continuously employed in the child-related employment industry at the time of renewal. The expense is necessary to preserve the existing income stream.
Example 1: new employee previously employed in child-related employment field
25. Fred derives most of his income in the child-related employment field. For a number of years he has worked at a number of schools as a groundsperson, employed under a series of temporary contracts. His last contract ended in March 2001 and he is offered another contract at a different school in May 2001. In order for Fred to start this new contract the principal of the school is now required to apply for a suitability notice for Fred. Fred pays the application fee.
26. The cost of the notice is deductible to Fred. Although he is a 'new' employee at this particular school it is considered that he is continuously employed in the child-related employment field and the expense is necessary to secure the continuity of this income stream.
Example 2: new employee previously employed in child-related employment
27. Dominique was once employed as a cleaner in a school. However, for some time she has worked in a variety of jobs, none of which involved child-related employment. In June 2001 she is offered another position as a cleaner with a new school and the principal of the school applies for a suitability notice for her. Dominique pays the application fee.
28. Dominique is not entitled to a deduction. Although she has previously been employed in the field of child-related employment the time elapsed since her last position and the fact that she has since had several jobs in other fields of employment severs the nexus between the outgoing and assessable income. The notice is required to allow her to re


Walking and Dancing: Three Years of Dance in London, 1951-53
Category: Tag:
Take a walk through London and discover where history happened!
In the early 1950s, the 'ballet boom' in Britain was at its height, not only for the country's 'home grown' ballet companies but on the stages where variety, cabaret and musical theatre were performed. Visiting companies brought ballet from America and Europe and national dance styles from around the world.
Between 1951 and 1953 London also hosted some of the most famous celebrations of nationhood of the twentieth century, shaping the image of Britain for decades to come. The Festival of Britain of 1951, the Accession of Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 and the Coronation of 1953 took place at time when the country was at a juncture between the privations of the 1940s and the more vibrant cultural life of the later 1950s and 1960s.
Using the novel framework of a series of London walks, Larraine Nicholas makes a unique contribution to the current reassessment of this era. Firmly based on primary sources, the walks take readers on imaginative recreations of dance performances within their venues, sometimes in unexpected places, always within the temper of times.
Written for students, dancers and dance audiences, Walking and Dancing is ideal for anyone who fancies stepping outdoors for a self-guided tour of London's vibrant theatrical heritage.
The Noverre Press (Dance Books), 2013. Softcover, 140 pages.


text:
Welcome to Esthetic World Beauty, where beauty meets precision in the exciting world of microblading training. Our Beauty & Spas and Cosmetology Schools offer a range of courses designed to help you master the art of microblading and enter the world of permanent makeup.
The Beauty of Microblading
Microblading is a semi-permanent makeup technique that involves the manual process of implanting pigment into the skin to create natural-looking eyebrows. It is a popular choice for individuals looking to enhance their eyebrows and achieve a fuller, more defined look.
Why Choose Esthetic World Beauty for Microblading Training?
At Esthetic World Beauty, we pride ourselves on providing top-notch microblading training that equips our students with the skills and knowledge needed to excel in the beauty industry. Here are some reasons why aspiring beauty professionals choose us:
- Expert Instructors: Our instructors are highly skilled and experienced in the art of microblading, ensuring that you receive the best training possible.
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Our beginner course is perfect for those new to microblading. You will learn the fundamentals of microblading, including skin anatomy, color theory, and proper technique.
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Upon successful completion of our training program, you will receive a microblading certification that demonstrates your proficiency in this specialized area of beauty.
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Whether you are looking to start a new career or enhance your existing skills, microblading training at Esthetic World Beauty can help you achieve your goals. Join us today and embark on an exciting journey into the world of beauty and aesthetics!

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Star Wars: Edge of the Empire, Beta (Careers)
Star Wars: Edge of the Empire brings a new twist for character creation and development. In Star Wars D20 (Original Core Rules, Revised Core Rules and Saga) characters had classes and levels. In West End Games Star Wars characters could be built from a starting template and then expanded by the selection of skills.
In this version from Fantasy Flight Games, players choose a starting Career. Each Career, at least those presented in the Beta guide, have three Specializations to choose from as a starting Specialization. Each Career grants a character certain skills as career skills and the specializations add their own unique set of skills. Career skills cost less to improve, but that doesn't prevent a character from getting lots of skills that aren't part of the Career or Specialization during creation or in play.
Specializations are what define the character as each specialization grants the character access to a Talent tree. Within the Talent tree are 5 tiers. Each tier is composed of 4 abilities whose cost is set by the tier (5 for level 1, up to 25 for level 5). Within a tree some talents might have prerequisites. This is shown by having connecting lines leading to the abilities that you have to buy before you can open up access to this specific Talent.
Talents are either Ranked or Non-ranked. Ranked means that if they appear multiple times or in different trees, they have to be bought to open up other things in that tree they link to, but they also stack with each other. One example of this is Grit. Each time it is bought the character gains a point in their Strain threshold (mental damage a player can absorb). Non-ranked Talents need only be bought once. Other appearances of that Talent in a tree are also considered as bought by the player for purposes of determining if they meet the prerequisites of following the tree.
Characters can have access to up to three Specializations at a time. To gain access to a new Specialization the player pays either 10XP for a Career Specialization, or 20XP for a Specialization in another Career. Buying access to the Specialization grants the character access to the skills as Career skills and now Talents from that tree can be purchased. If a player wishes to access a fourth or later Specialization, then they have to give up access to an already accessed Specialization. This means that all the purchased Talents from that Specialization are lost, unless they are marked as being permanent Talents.
Overall this is an interesting system for allowing characters who are unique, yet not railroading characters down an overlly narrowly defined pathway as the older Class/Level system would do. Players are able to gain access to Force abilities, but since this is set in the Rebellion Era, the main book does not provide for full-blown Jedi as only two are known to exist during this time frame, Obi-Wan and Yoda.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Changing notation in differential forms
Dear all:
I'm trying to compute the curvature of a Schwarzschild metric using differential forms (Cartan formalism),
sage: reset()
sage: var('t,r,theta,phi')
sage: coords = [t,r,theta, phi]
sage: U = CoordinatePatch((t,r,theta, phi))
sage: Omega = DifferentialForms(U)
sage: X = function('X', r, latex_name=r"\Xi")
sage: f = exp(X)
sage: vi =[]
sage: for i in xrange(len(coords)):
... vi.append(DifferentialForm(Omega,1))
sage: vi[0][0] = f
sage: vi[1][1] = 1/f
sage: vi[2][2] = r
sage: vi[3][3] = r*sin(theta)
sage: dvi=[]
... dvi.append(diff(vi[i]))
sage: dvi
[-e^X(r)*D[0](X)(r)*dt/\dr, 0, dr/\dtheta, sin(theta)*dr/\dphi + r*cos(theta)*dtheta/\dphi]
I'd like to know if it's possible to manipulate the result in a way that:
 - the term D[0](X)(r) in the last line could be written as X'(r) or just X'.
 - the dvi is expressed in terms of the vi-forms instead of the Omega-basis.
Any help is thanked.


phrases, sayings, proverbs and idioms at
The meaning and origin of the expression: Donkey's years
Browse phrases beginning with:
Donkey's years
Other phrases about:
What's the meaning of the phrase 'Donkey's years'?
A very long time.
What's the origin of the phrase 'Donkey's years'?
It turns out that, although Donkey's years is now the more commonly used slang term when meaning 'a long time', donkey's ears, has been used that way too (although not very often) since at least the early 20th century. The English humorous writer Edward Verral Lucas used the phrase that way in his novel Vermilion Box, 1916:
The clue there seems to be that Lucas write comic stories. 'Donkey's ears' wasn't used until well after the date that 'donkey's years' had become established in the language and was only ever a jokey alternative form.
So, having found 'donkey's ears' to be a side-show, we now come to when and how did 'donkey's years' originate? It is now used as Cockney rhyming slang and the assumption that is made by many is that the expression was coined as such, making the rhyme between 'ears' and 'years'. That assumption is very likely to be wrong. Three things count against it.
1. It isn't backed by any known evidence.
2. The expressions use as Cockney rhyming slang is long predated by it being used in being used with no CRS connection. The first example of the expression 'donkey's years' that I can find in print is from The Salisbury Times, July 1876:
Didn't you ask him how long it had been in his possession?
I can't recollect that. I might have done so.
Didn't he say for years and years and donkey's years?
This is getting on for a hundred years earlier than any use of 'donkey's years' as rhyming slang, which isn't found in print with a rhyming slang connection until the 1950s.
'Donkey's years' is certainly in use as Cockney rhyming slang now but the evidence points to it being a back-formation, that is, an existing phrase that got taken up as rhyming slang later.
Donkey's yearsDonkey's years may have been chosen as a synonym for a long time simply because donkeys are long-lived animals. Lively Laddie, a donkey who had lived up to his name for many years while plying his trade on Blackpool Pleasure Beach was, until his death at age 62, a contender for the 'oldest living quadruped' title.


Why Do Mice and Hamsters Love Wheels In Cages and How Do They Know How To Use Them?
Mice and hamsters have an instinctual need to run whenever they can.
why do hamsters love wheels
Their metabolism is fast, and they burn off energy almost as fast as they consume food. Fortunately too, mice are quick learners.
Curiosity leads them to the wheel to explore. Once on the wheel, it doesn't take long for them to reach upward and roll a couple of times.
They soon learn that the wheel will move continuously, satisfying their need for physical activity.
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the guard post between a quarry and the base is held by your team's NPCs. This will prevent the carrier from taking too much damage and protect it from melee enemies.
- Boost the carriers' speed with skills such as "Make Haste!" or Windborne Speed.
- It is possible but usually a bad idea to use a bonder build to boost other players' effectiveness or protect carriers due to the split-based nature of the map and the infrequent use of enchantment removal skills.
Strategies by profession
Capture, intercept. Warriors are weak in Jade Quarry due to the height difference and snares which are very common. They have very few defense against health degeneration and armor-ignoring damage which are also very popular. They can still try to intercept using skills such as Bull's Strike and sometimes capture shrines with Hundred Blades. They also survive longer than any other classes when attacking quarries and guard posts.
Capture, intercept. Bow users are at ease in Jade Quarry due to the height difference. A longbow or flatbow can be used to attack the quarry NPCs from high ground while leaving them unable to retaliate. This is particularly effective with skills such as Barrage, Volley or Incendiary Arrows. Intercepting players and carriers is also rather easy with Melandru's Shot, Pin Down or Crippling Shot to cripple them, and interrupts such as Distracting Shot or Savage Shot. Rangers are effective when it comes to spreading health degeneration conditions such as Bleeding and Poison (and Burning to a lesser extent). Favorable Winds or Read the Wind can help when dealing with kiting foes. Defensive stances, skills such as Troll Unguent and Antidote Signet allows for a high survivability. Some rangers may sometimes use traps to deal damage, apply cripple and bleeding, cause knockdown easily and at the least expected moment.
Capture, protect. A single 16 smiting prayers Ray of Judgement is enough to capture a post or a quarry. Monks can also fully protect one quarry versus several foes with Heal Area while camping in it (or at the back). They can also choose to protect a single NPC in order to keep control over the quarry or the shrine, in which case Zealous Benediction and Word of Healing are efficient healing moves. Healing and Restful Breezes can help recover health outside of combat, "Fall Back!" and "Make Haste!" are often staples used to speed up carriers. Beware not to stand still for too long in one place or the game will think you are a leecher and may end up with Dishonorable even if performed your job.
Capture, intercept, protect. Skills that require corpses are effective here (all wells and minions summoning skills), since there are up to five corpses available at a guard post or quarry after it is captured. Health degeneration such as disease from Rotting Flesh or skills such as Well of Suffering or Life Transfer are very powerful. Curses necromancers can pose a threat to players by inflicting weakness and missing hexes, especially physical such as rangers. Soul Reaping benefit from the high number of deaths. Bombers have stealth and surprise if executed properly plus the fast re-spawning benefit which shortens their travels. Some necromancers can choose to use skills such as Well of Power, Well of Blood or Foul Feast to support allied NPCs and players.
Capture, intercept. Mesmers will find Wastrel's Worry and Wastrel's Demise to be very efficient here against carriers since those almost never use skills. They can also intercept players rather easily, interrupting dangerous AoE skills such as RoJ with skills such as Psychic Instability or using the powerful snares of illusion magic. AoE damage with Chaos Storm and Arcane Echo, as well as interrupt skills are good for capture. Good use of Wall and heights, as well as good timing of interrupts on targets hexed with Wastrel skills is the key to winning as a mesmer.
Capture, intercept, protect. Fire Magic usually prove to be a very efficient choice for elementalists, due to its powerful AoE spells such as Fire Storm, Savannah Heat and burning from Mark of Rodgort or Searing Flames. Air Magic users are powerful spikers with skills such as Chain Lightning or Thunderclap and can also take some posts due to the armor penetration of skills which counters the high armor of rangers, and bring some support with Windborne Speed. Earth Magic, Air Magic and Fire Magic elementalists can also do a decent job with a dedicate bombing build, mainly with skills such as Shockwave, Aftershock, Starburst, Ride the Lightning and Lightning Touch. Water Magic eles can snare opponents and reduce their ability to sweep. Due to their access to wards, their high energy pool and effectiveness in using spells, elementalists can also provide some support to quarries and guard posts. Air Magic eles can finally also boost carriers with Windborne Speed.
Capture, intercept. Aside from using Death Blossom and Moebius Strike, assassins have trouble dealing AoE damage and should therefore not be used for capturing (they are usually inferior to rangers and necros when bombing or using Barrage). Their main advantage is their ability to intercept players and spike them, shutting them down for example with skills such as Wastrel's Collapse or Temple Strike. A lot of assassins skills provide snares, knockdowns or cripple.
Capture, protect. Spirit spammers will stand useless against AoE players like nukers, RoJers and Chaos Storm Mesmers which are common due to the capturing nature of the battle. They can however still protect the quarries and guard posts from a distance with protective spirits, and bodyblock foes with their spirits. Several Channeling skills provide AoE damage with armor penetration/cracked armor. Powerful Item Spells such as Grasping Was Kuurong or Destructive was Glaive and the combo Destruction+Draw Spirit can be used for a bombing build. Minions summoned with skills such as Aura of the Lich benefit from Spawning Power's health bonus.
Intercept, protect. Paragons are rather weak in this arena due to the scattering of the team, reducing the Leadership energy bonus, and their unability to deal AoE damage. However, Barbed Spear+Maiming Spear and other Spear Mastery skills provide good snare and spike when intercepting players. "Incoming!"/"Fall Back!"/"Make Haste!" can help the team and carriers greatly, especially if used with Enduring Harmony and Vocal was Sogolon.
Capture, intercept. Dervishes—like most melee classes—have trouble in JQ. They can however prove to be great when intercepting foes using Wind Prayers, as several skills, such as Harrier's Haste or Grenth's Grasp, either deal additional damage to moving foes or cripple them. Earth Prayers Dervishes can capture shrines rather easily with skills such as Vow of Strength or Sand Shards. Intercepting carriers is possible but not easy if going melee.
Death occurs rather frequently in Jade Quarry, but resurrection is very fast for players, which explains the presence of bombers. It can sometimes be better to die, by entering the enemy's base or aggroing a quarry's NPCs, in order to restore all your energy and allow you to reassess the situation/be of better use somewhere else.
Any death in Jade Quarry counts will reset the progress in the survivor title.
- Blue Base
- 20 Green Carrier Juggernaut
- 20 Purple Carrier Juggernaut
- 20 Yellow Carrier Juggernaut
- Caravan Guard posts
- 20 Kurzick Far Shot x2 (eastern guard post)
- 20 Kurzick Far Shot x3 (central and northwestern guard posts)
- 20 Kurzick Far Shot x4 (southern guard post)
- Red Base
- 20 Green Hauler Turtle
- 20 Purple Hauler Turtle
- 20 Yellow Hauler Turtle
- Caravan Guard posts
- 20 Luxon Longbow x2 (southern guard post)
- 20 Luxon Longbow x3 (central and northwestern guard posts)
- 20 Luxon Longbow x4 (eastern guard post)
Players on the Kurzick team will see Kommandant Durheim's dialogue and players on the Luxon team will see Erek's dialogue.
After your team scores two points:
- Kommandant Durheim: "Well done! We have taken the first steps toward another glorious victory for the Kurzicks!"
- Erek: "The great Jade Sea is our home, and its bounty is our bounty. We will not let our enemies take what is ours!"
After your team scores four points:
- Kommandant Durheim: "The gods are on our side! Victory will be ours!"
- Erek: "As I expected, we are making excellent progress. The jade is plentiful and we are stronger than our enemies. By the frozen waves of the Jade Sea, our victory is assured!"
After your team scores six points:
- Kommandant Durheim: "Our storage vaults are heavy with jade! Surely this is a sign that we will defeat these barbarians! Push forward and put an end to this battle so that we might celebrate yet another great victory over the Luxons."
- Erek: "Excellent...our jade stores are more than half full. The spirits of our ancestors bless us with the strong winds of their favor at our backs. Come, Luxons! Let us drive these Kurzick invaders from our beloved sea!"
After your team scores eight points:
- Kommandant Durheim: "Victory is clearly in sight


While the invoice is Not Paid, then some follow up actions can not happen. When it transitions to Paid you want those actions to happen. But if you peek you don't want to see a Not Paid invoice and those actions having occurred.
What you are looking for here is a transaction. Use your database engine to ensure the invoice is either paid, or not paid. If your application is restarted it will always load that invoice in one state or the other.
Unfortunately you will still need to manage side-effects such as: changes to files, internal state, or events for external services.
Side-effects and State
If you need to update other information not in the database you will need to manage your own roll-forward, and roll-back behaviours.
A good way to encapsulate this is with a Task Queue, and Workflows.
When the invoice commits, also commit a task object to a queue. Have that queue polled regularly (or even signal it post-commit) to pick up the next task. This task performs the next action in the workflow.
 - If it succeeds it removes itself from the queue and adds any further tasks.
 - If it fails you have several choices:
 - try again, cleaning up on the retry.
 - undo, and stop
 - undo, and create an undo task for the workflow this far.
 - undo, and continue
This style has the benefit of forcing you to think through all the possible states of the system, and how to move through them.
Eventing
Eventing causes side-effects. These usually cannot easily be undone, though there are exceptions, so generally they are sent only after your application is in the new state. In the case of the invoice, this is after the transaction commits.
You can use the task abstraction above to attempt to deliver events in a push manner. Either as a once off attempt, or repeated some number of times. There is no guarantee that this event will be received (or possibly even sent). So relying on a purely push approach will fail. This also implies that any task which creates an event should not rely on the event having been received.
As pushing events may fail, the only other solution is to support polling. For this to work you will need to log each event that needs to be communicated with some unique id for each event. This is called event sourcing.
You can implement a purely polling strategy, but this is inefficient. A hybrid push/pull approach is usually best. Poll infrequently, and attempt to push only a limited number of times. If the receiver misses any event it can detect this on the next poll/received push.
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Allow only 4 digits in field
Allow only 4 digits in field
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I need to limit a field on a form, to allow the user to enter time in 24 hour format. But I need to set it to only allow 4 digits, including beginning with zeros. When I use something like Like "####", it doesnt allow leading zeros. Anybody know how this can be done
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Query that splits digits into 2 seperate fields
I use access 2007 and need to run query that extracts data from a field which has 10 digits(numbers) in it but the first digits(numbers) mean something different from the next 2 digits(numbers). Does anyone how to run a query that would extract those 4 digits(numbers) from the that field and put them into 2 seperate fields which for now I will call field "A" and field "B
If field is < 4 digits add 0's
Display only the last four digits of identification numbers
I know how to get excel to show only the last four digits of ID numbers. At first I thought I can just import the excel file with the last four digits and hide the column with the full ID numbers but all got imported to Access. If I am stuck with this, how do I get Access field to display only the last 4 digits? I do not want to show "***-**-****", just the last 4 digits only.
In excel I would use the RIGHT function, "=RIGHT(A1,4)." Can I do this type of function, "=RIGHT([field name],4)?
Integer-Based Data Types
A number is a digit (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9), a combination of digits, or a combination of one or more digits, a separator, and one or more digits. Microsoft Access supports three categories of numbers and there are various ways you can apply one to a field. You can work in either the Datasheet View or the Design View of a Table.
On database open check field for blanks and extract last 4 digits from other field?
new question.
I want to make the database (a simple table) loop through every record in the field "Last4SSno" and extract the last 4 digits from "SSno" if the "Last4SSno" field is blank, or if the 4 digits in Last4SSno does not match the last 4 digits of "SSno". I have google searched for hours, but I cannot even think of how to phrase a google query right now, and I'm getting a little fried on the idea. I would prefer to do this on database open, but if it has to be done some other way, that is acceptable as well, I'm just adept enough to modify the code to my own uses, it's just the *Private sub OnDBOpen* part and the *DoCMD.RunSQL Insert * in Last4SSno Right("SSno", 4) where "Last4SSno" isnull* part that I cannot seem to find help on(I think).
I could have the whole problem backwards, I just don't know anymore.
Using Data Types
A number is a digit (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9), a combination of digits, or a combination of one or more digits, a separator, and one or more digits. Microsoft Access provides three techniques or categories of numbers. These should be applied appropriately to make your database as effective as possible. To specify that a column will contain only numeric values, after displaying the table in Design View and selecting the column under Field Name, set its Data Type to Number, Currency, or AutoNumber.
ADD "0" TO the number
I am stuck here for a while and I hope you help me. I have failry large table called NANCAP in a database in where I upload large Excel spreadsheets. There is a filed called code and it can be one digit such as 1,2,3,and so on, and it can be two digits 22,23,50,78 and three digits 100,105. There is not problem with three digits code, but I need two 0's to be added to one and one "0" to be added to two digits code to make like this 003,009,025,050. The code uploaded like this :2,3,50,100,105.I am trying to do that by using the update query, however I can not fugure out how to put this into query that Access will see where one "0" or two "00" to be added to the filed based on number of digits in the field
Validation rule for account number field
I have a salary table with the one of the field as the Account number. I need to enter the account number in the following format
First four digits are numbers
then a special character | -
then six digits are numbers
then a special character -
and the last three digits can be either 101 or 102
example 1234-567890-101
I have set the data type as text for the account number fields.
Delimit a field within an Access table
New to the forum as a poster, but I've used it a bunch in the past to answer questions. Here is my issue:
I have a field of varying length and format. I want to update a separate field to be everything to the right of a forward slash "/" Can anyone help me with this? We'll call the field "Text ID" and an example of the contents would be "SDI 22532993/130". Also, the number of digits to the right of the "/" varies between 1 and 5 digits.
Changing existing data using an input mask
I have imported data from an excel spreadsheet and there is one field that needs to be 7 digits long. However, when entered they have omitted all the leading zeros. In other words the data says 214 and I need it to say _PHONE_. Is there a way I can update this field to make all entries 7 digits by adding the preceding zeros?


text:
The Western Digital NVMe is a type of SSD (solid-state drive). It has a storage capacity of 512 GB and its size ranges from 1.65 inches long, 0.87 inches wide, and 0.09 inches thick. Because it uses NVMe technology, this device can transfer data extremely quickly.
The Western Digital NVMe SSD works normally in temperatures ranging from 0°C to 70°C. It communicates with the computer using the PCIe Gen3 x2 NVMe v1.3 interface standard.


Skip to content
train
[ allennlp.commands.train ]
The train subcommand can be used to train a model. It requires a configuration file and a directory in which to write the results.
Train#
class Train(Subcommand)
add_subparser#
class Train(Subcommand):
 | ...
 | @overrides
 | def add_subparser(
 | self,
 | parser: argparse._SubParsersAction
 | ) -> argparse.ArgumentParser
train_model_from_args#
def train_model_from_args(args: argparse.Namespace)
Just converts from an argparse.Namespace object to string paths.
train_model_from_file#
def train_model_from_file(
 parameter_filename: Union[str, PathLike],
 serialization_dir: Union[str, PathLike],
 overrides: str = "",
 recover: bool = False,
 force: bool = False,
 node_rank: int = 0,
 include_package: List[str] = None,
 dry_run: bool = False,
 file_friendly_logging: bool = False
) -> Optional[Model]
A wrapper around train_model which loads the params from a file.
Parameters
 - parameter_filename : str
 A json parameter file specifying an AllenNLP experiment.
 - serialization_dir : str
 The directory in which to save results and logs. We just pass this along to train_model.
 - overrides : str
 A JSON string that we will use to override values in the input parameter file.
 - recover : bool, optional (default = False)
 If True, we will try to recover a training run from an existing serialization directory. This is only intended for use when something actually crashed during the middle of a run. For continuing training a model on new data, see Model.from_archive.
 - force : bool, optional (default = False)
 If True, we will overwrite the serialization directory if it already exists.
 - node_rank : int, optional
 Rank of the current node in distributed training
 - include_package : str, optional
 In distributed mode, extra packages mentioned will be imported in trainer workers.
 - dry_run : bool, optional (default = False)
 Do not train a model, but create a vocabulary, show dataset statistics and other training information.
 - file_friendly_logging : bool, optional (default = False)
 If True, we add newlines to tqdm output, even on an interactive terminal, and we slow down tqdm's output to only once every 10 seconds.
Returns
 - best_model : Optional[Model]
 The model with the best epoch weights or None if in dry run.
train_model#
def train_model(
 params: Params,
 serialization_dir: Union[str, PathLike],
 recover: bool = False,
 force: bool = False,
 node_rank: int = 0,
 include_package: List[str] = None,
 dry_run: bool = False,
 file_friendly_logging: bool = False
) -> Optional[Model]
Trains the model specified in the given Params object, using the data and training parameters also specified in that object, and saves the results in serialization_dir.
Parameters
 - params : Params
 A parameter object specifying an AllenNLP Experiment.
 - serialization_dir : str
 The directory in which to save results and logs.
 - recover : bool, optional (default = False)
 If True, we will try to recover a training run from an existing serialization directory. This is only intended for use when something actually crashed during the middle of a run. For continuing training a model on new data, see Model.from_archive.
 - force : bool, optional (default = False)
 If True, we will overwrite the serialization directory if it already exists.
 - node_rank : int, optional
 Rank of the current node in distributed training
 - include_package : List[str], optional
 In distributed mode, extra packages mentioned will be imported in trainer workers.
 - dry_run : bool, optional (default = False)
 Do not train a model, but create a vocabulary, show dataset statistics and other training information.
 - file_friendly_logging : bool, optional (default = False)
 If True, we add newlines to tqdm output, even on an interactive terminal, and we slow down tqdm's output to only once every 10 seconds.
Returns
 - best_model : Optional[Model]
 The model with the best epoch weights or None if in dry run.
TrainModel#
class TrainModel(Registrable):
 | def __init__(
 | self,
 | serialization_dir: str,
 | model: Model,
 | trainer: Trainer,
 | evaluation_data_loader: DataLoader = None,
 | evaluate_on_test: bool = False,
 | batch_weight_key: str = ""
 | ) -> None
This class exists so that we can easily read a configuration file with the allennlp train command. The basic logic is that we call train_loop = TrainModel.from_params(params_from_config_file), then train_loop.run(). This class performs very little logic, pushing most of it to the Trainer that has a train() method. The point here is to construct all of the dependencies for the Trainer in a way that we can do it using from_params(), while having all of those dependencies transparently documented and not hidden in calls to params.pop(). If you are writing your own training loop, you almost certainly should not use this class, but you might look at the code for this class to see what we do, to make writing your training loop easier.
In particular, if you are tempted to call the __init__ method of this class, you are probably doing something unnecessary. Literally all we do after __init__ is call trainer.train(). You can do that yourself, if you've constructed a Trainer already. What this class gives you is a way to construct the Trainer by means of a config file. The actual constructor that we use with from_params in this class is from_partial_objects. See that method for a description of all of the allowed top-level keys in a configuration file used with allennlp train.
default_implementation#
class TrainModel(Registrable):
 | ...
 | default_implementation = "default"
The default implementation is registered as 'default'.
run#
class TrainModel(Registrable):
 | ...
 | def run(self) -> Dict[str, Any]
finish#
class TrainModel(Registrable):
 | ...
 | def finish(self, metrics: Dict[str, Any])
from_partial_objects#
class TrainModel(Registrable):
 | ...
 | @classmethod
 | def from_partial_objects(
 | cls,
 | serialization_dir: str,
 | local_rank: int,
 | dataset_reader: DatasetReader,
 | train_data_path: str,
 | model: Lazy[Model],
 | data_loader: Lazy[DataLoader],
 | trainer: Lazy[Trainer],
 | vocabulary: Lazy[Vocabulary] = None,
 | datasets_for_vocab_creation: List[str] = None,
 | validation_dataset_reader: DatasetReader = None,
 | validation_data_path: str = None,
 | validation_data_loader: Lazy[DataLoader] = None,
 | test_data_path: str = None,
 | evaluate_on_test: bool = False,
 | batch_weight_key: str = ""
 | ) -> "TrainModel"
This method is intended for use with our FromParams logic, to construct a TrainModel object from a config file passed to the allennlp train command. The arguments to this method are the allowed top-level keys in a configuration file (except for the first three, which are obtained separately).
You could use this outside of our FromParams logic if you really want to, but there might be easier ways to accomplish your goal than instantiating Lazy objects. If you are writing your own training loop, we recommend that you look at the implementation of this method for inspiration and possibly some utility functions you can call, but you very likely should not use this method directly.
The Lazy type annotations here are a mechanism for building dependencies to an object sequentially - the TrainModel object needs data, a model, and a trainer, but the model needs to see the data before it's constructed (to create a vocabulary) and the trainer needs the data and the model before it's constructed. Objects that have sequential dependencies like this are labeled as Lazy in their type annotations, and we pass the missing dependencies when we call their construct() method, which you can see in the code below.
Parameters
 - serialization_dir : str
 The directory where logs and model archives will be saved.
 In a


text:
This is a joint Research Project within the European Metrology Research Programme EMPIR
Traceable mechanical and electrical power measurement for efficiency determination of wind turbines
This Research Project will End on August, 31st. 2023
Standardising efficiency determination methods for wind turbines on test benches to ensure innovation and performance improvement
New technologies for wind turbines are currently assessed in the field, are time-consuming to perform and highly affected by wind conditions. Shortening the time to market for these tests is one way to reduce costs and increase performance for this form of renewable energy. Indoor test benches can rapidly record a wide range of data but require accurate torque and rotational speed measurements which currently lack traceability to national standards and are difficult to realise for torque measurements above 1.1 NM m.
Another important aspect is the measurement of electrical measurands that are affected by harmonics with the lowest possible uncertainty. The time synchronisation of the electrical and mechanical power measurement is a basic requirement for the exact determination of the efficiency.
The project will assess current methods and develop traceable methodology for torque measurements up to 5 MN m and rotational speeds up to 20 and 1600 revolutions per minute which covers the operational speeds on low-speed and high-speed shafts respectively. Standardised guidelines for traceably determining turbine efficiency on test benches will be developed along with new power measurement methods for the electrical components of wind turbines. Project outputs will give a better prediction of the energy output of proposed wind parks, provide greater certainty in investment opportunities and help accelerate the transition towards cleaner energy sources.


text:
Artist Statement - Poppy Transitory (2016)
Artist Statement - Poppy Transitory
Poppy Transitory investigates the sincere absurdity of processing loss with decorative memorials, themselves transitory tokens of grief. Based in a fiercely personal, yet oddly abstract pain, the series considers the story-infused space of mourning—colorful, obsessive layers behave like memory extracts.
Conflating the mysterious Mojave Desert deaths of my sister Cindy Adams (1972) and musician Gram Parsons (1973), I ask what it means to "know" someone through location-tied story; to "understand" events via embellished clues, just as I "knew" both individuals through family narrative. What does it mean to assuage loss through well-meaning transference? Do gifts for the dead resolve our perplexity?
To engage this, I use transparent layers to suggest recalled memory, story cycles, and the deluge of tokens posthumously offered to Cindy and Gram. I deconstruct and reframe the language of the Mojave Desert, the visual vocabulary of memorial shrines, and personal iconography from Cindy and Gram's clothing, whirling them into a sensitive system of overlaid shapes. The desert they loved represents and consumes them.
Aware of its own artificiality, the work earnestly embraces our candy-colored attempts to mediate the space of grief with flowers, cards, and condolences—the physical trappings of a cultural process of mourning, often our only recourse in grappling with the unexplained. Poppy Transitory is itself a fragile, momentary monument to the passage of imprints, the trace of Cindy and Gram, and to our moment, an undeniable passage of its own.


Denmark zoo's killing of giraffe criticized
The images out of the Copenhagen Zoo on Sunday were startling. An 18-month-old giraffe, sprawled on the floor during a public necropsy, zookeepers examining the body while children and their parents looked on.
Staff at the Danish zoo euthanized the healthy giraffe, saying it was not needed for breeding and its genetic similarity to other giraffes could harm the overall European population. The giraffe, named Marius, was shot in the head, publicly dismembered and fed to the zoo's lions, despite offers from other zoos to take the animal.
Wednesday, Jyllands Park Zoo in western Denmark said it might cull one of its giraffes, coincidentally also named Marius, to make room for future breeding endeavors.
Resulting outrage swiftly made its way across the pond, but zoos in the U.S. say this would not happen in an American facility because accredited zoos have a policy against using animals as food.
The Association of Zoos and Aquariums oversees more than 200 facilities in the United States, including the Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium. Pittsburgh zoo officials couldn't be reached for comment.
The zoos association has various centers, including the Population Management Center at the Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago and the Wildlife Contraception Center at the St. Louis Zoo, to monitor animal populations.
"There are very different philosophies between European practices and the AZA," said Sharon Dewar, public relations director for the Lincoln Park Zoo, which houses the population management center. "We only breed animals that we are assured can be cared for and housed for the entirety of their natural life."
In a statement released Monday, the association's executive director Kris Vehrs said: "Through the AZA Species Survival Plan program, these methods include science-based breeding recommendations and cooperating to plan for adequate space. AZA's Wildlife Contraception Center and AZA's Population Management Center help AZA members with the expertise and planning to manage animal populations.
"The Copenhagen Zoo is well known for the quality of its conservation programs. The facility is a member of the European Association of Zoos and Aquariums, and their programs and procedures vary from those of the AZA."
After the incident in Denmark, many questioned why the zoo did not pursue transferring Marius or imposing some form of contraception to prevent reproduction. The zoo released a statement on its website outlining its decision.
"In Copenhagen Zoo we let the animals breed naturally. With naturally we mean that they will get young within the same intervals as they would in the wild," said zoo scientific director Bengt Holst in the statement. "Contraceptives have a number of unwanted side effects on the internal organs and we would therefore apply a poorer animal welfare if we did not euthanize."
A statement from the European association said the group "fully supports the decision of the zoo to humanely put the animal down, and believes strongly in the need for genetic and demographic management within populations of animals in human care."
The Jyllands Park Zoo in Denmark is not EAZA-accredited, and association officials stated they do not support the decision to euthanize the second Marius.
In an interview with The Associated Press, Jorg Jebram, who oversees the European endangered species program for giraffes for the association, said until recently, contraception required sedation, which puts giraffes at risk to break their necks when they fall.
The U.S. association employs a species survival guide, which evaluates all species every one to three years and gives recommendations to zoos whether to breed animals based on factors including housing availability and population size. If it is deemed not advisable, zoos can employ a number of contraceptive methods.
Ms. Dewar deferred to the association for large-scale policies on culling, but said "it is not part of the discussion" at the Population Management Center.
"It is certainly the philosophy of North American accredited zoos that... for any offspring, we guarantee a sustainable home for its natural life," said Ms. Dewar.
Additionally, at the Lincoln Park Zoo, deceased animals would never be fed to other animals at the zoo, she said.
Other American zoos offered similar sentiments.
"We don't use euthanasia of our animals for population management," said a spokeswoman from the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium.
A spokeswoman for the San Diego Zoo said there is strict criteria for euthanasia, and it is considered only for the physical and psychological health of the animal, not for population management.
"The goal is always very careful planning," said Christina Simmons, public relations manager for the zoo. "There are a number of contraceptive options: chemical, surgical and separating animals."
Animal welfare groups also voiced opposition to the Danish zoo's decision.
"The Copenhagen Zoo is obviously not practicing modern zoo operations," said Lisa Wathne, captive wildlife specialist for the Human Society of the United States. "They should not have produced the giraffe in the first place if inbreeding and lifetime care was a concern."
PETA, which opposes zoos generally, believes that while accredited American zoos make more efforts to control breeding than some of their European counterparts, they make questionable ethical decisions.
"You'll find questionable ways of disposing of surplus animals," said Carney Anne Nasser, counsel for captive animal law enforcement for PETA. "There are instances of animals being sent from zoos to roadside menageries. This is definitely a real issue here as well."
Lauren Lindstrom: or _PHONE_. Anya Sostek contributed.
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text:
Does anyone have a method for detecting mound boundaries?
I am working on bathymetry data which consists of mound features ~ 50 m high and average 200 m diameter. Some are rounded, many are elongate. The edges of the mounds are difficult to see on a shaded relief image, impeding the ability to place accurate zone boundaries.
The mound boundary could be defined as the point where the 6 degree slope contour begins. I would like to create a polygon at this slope degree contour boundary; however the resulting 6 degree slope contour raster has many 6 degree contour points (see image). So perhaps a this information could be used in addition to peak heights I.E. create separate polygons around all contiguous areas between the 6 degree slope contour and the peak height.
Or if anyone has software allowing me to utilize (or test) an automated mound detection method that would be ideal.


text:
Background and Aim: Mandibular impacted third molar surgery is considered as one of the most common surgical procedures done in oral cavity. It is frequently related with mild to severe complications and other factors. This study aimed to estimate the etiology, complications and quality of post surgical life as related to mandibular impacted third molar surgery. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional, questionnaire-based survey comprised of 100 patients of dental hospitalís oral surgery department. Author used preformed questionnaire having questions regarding etiology, complications and quality of post surgical life as related to mandibular impacted third molar surgery. This study comprised of records of patients and other available data. Response was recorded and data was processed statistically to estimate outcomes. Results: Statistical analysis using statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The obtained data was subjected to relevant statistical tests to obtain p values, mean, standard deviation, standard error an 95% CI. Pain (70%) and inflammation (25%) was most common etiologies as reported by the studied patients. Edema (73%) and Hemorrhage (13%) was frequently observed complications. A very obvious decline in patients quality of life was also noted. Conclusion: This cross sectional study was completed using patientís data and questionnaire wherein we have outlines certain very imperative inferences. Pain and inflammation was most common etiologies as reported by the studied patients. Edema and Hemorrhage was commonly seen complications. A very reasonable decrease in patientís quality of life was observed.
Key words: Impacted third molar, Oral surgery, Complication, Quality of life.


text:
Over six out of ten churches in Britain have grounds they say could be used better as gardens and there's a new desire to use all this outside space better. An award-winning Chelsea Flower Show garden is just one of several new initiatives in our cemeteries.
Over 65 per cent of churches in this country have grounds that could be used for gardening. One in four of churches surveyed recently said they were keen to use their outdoor space better but needed advice about what to do.
A national campaign is now set to offer help and support to clear overgrown, untidy churchyards, invest in wildlife surveys, establish more welcoming gardening themes to encourage visitors into burial grounds and involve schools and communities in 'gardens within the churchyard' projects.
It all means that churchyards throughout the country are set to be a focal point for communities to put more emphasis on gardening and the preservation of wildlife in these pieces of land.
Churchyards are important for their habitats and as refuges for wildlife and plant life. Most churches have some green space. And in some urban areas they are the only green 'breathing' space available for both wildlife and people.
One estimate suggests estimate that 10,000 of 16,000 churches have churchyards. That's the area of a small national park. It's a precious resource which can make a huge difference to the biodiversity of the UK.
Sarah Eberle's Psalm 23 Garden for Bible Society at the RHS Chelsea Flower Show which won a gold medal will also become part of the campaign to see more done in churchyards.
"I am absolutely over the moon," said Sarah. "I really love the garden. Setting out to create tranquillity in a show site in the middle of London where you can actually impart that sort of emotional response to a garden is always the biggest challenge."
The award-winning garden is set to spearhead a campaign to see the creation of community gardens around the country, as we emerge from the pandemic.
The Bible Society has now published an easy-to-use guide on how to create such a community garden and puts emphasis on churchyard land.
The first Psalm 23-inspired community garden was created during lockdown in Tadley in Hampshire.
The desire to improve the look of church cemeteries is an ongoing theme which has moved in recent years from just tidying projects to schemes to use the gardening space better with creating planting – and the encouragement of wildlife.
Caring for God's Acre is a conservation charity which provides advice and support to community groups and individuals to help with the management and interpretation of churchyards, cemeteries and burial grounds, including green burial grounds.
It says: "Cemeteries grounds are not nature reserves but places of burial and remembrance, and management decisions need to consider the views and expectations of the local community.
"People want to be able to use the site, visit graves, read memorial inscriptions and feel that the management and use is appropriate and respectful. Most churchyards and an increasing number of cemeteries are managed by volunteers, be it the local congregation or a Friends group and Caring for God's Acre supports encourages and inform these volunteers."
A national scheme to create community gardens using the world's most famous Bible verses has enlisted the help of an award-winning Berkshire church that prides itself on its idyllic outside space.
St James' Church in Finchampstead, near Reading, won The Church Times' Green Church Award for its churchyard in 2017. The church's rector, Canon Julie Ramsbottom, says:
"I think churches should think hard about maximising the use of their surroundings. It's so important as a message to both the church and community, that the church doesn't just take place inside the building. Church is more outside than inside."
Julie and churchwarden, Ed Sampson, feature in a video shot by the Bible Society to promote community gardens. At the centre of the Bible Society's campaign was the development of The Psalm 23 Garden at Chelsea Flower Show, bringing the famous text of 'The Lord is my shepherd' to life.
"I want to engage people's emotions,' says Sarah about The Psalm 23 Garden. 'It will stop people in their tracks and make them look. The psalm is quite clear in its description of landscape," she adds.
According to Christian Research, 65 per cent of churches have grounds that could be used for gardening. One in four of churches surveyed said that they were keen to use their outdoor space, but needed advice about what to do.
"Anyone who gardens knows that it increases your sense of wellbeing," says Hazel Southam, spokeswoman for Bible Society. "But gardening together on a shared project is particularly special.
A recent survey based on visitors to churchyards established how important wildlife was to them. A total of 95 per cent of respondents confirmed they noticed the wildlife in their churchyards, with wildflowers being the wildlife which most caught people's eye, followed by birds, butterflies and trees.
The most popular reason given for visiting a churchyard is for religious reasons. A third of visitors stated they visited churchyards to 'a peaceful moment 'and 'to enjoy nature', one in eight visited churchyards to see the grave of a loved one and ten per cent for contemplation or prayer.
Find out what wildlife lives in your churchyard
More communities are being urged to take a first step to research wildlife in their local churchyard and consider what more can be done to develop areas as a garden. If any churchyard's natural heritage is under threat, then you might consider getting a professional survey done. But if you just want to understand your area better, then try these basic steps:
- Choose a day between March and September when plants are in flower and habitats are at their most active
- Start with a sketch map of the churchyard and mark it with basic features like buildings, paths, walls, in-use burial areas and compost heaps
- Record the trees, their type, circumference, estimated height and spread of their branches
- Outline the broad areas of habitat (e.g. areas of scrub, regularly cut grassland, shady areas and biodiverse areas)
- Take photographs and record where the photograph was taken, the direction and the date
- Record the birds, animals and insects you can see and where you saw them
The Beautiful Burial Ground Project is putting burial grounds across England and Wales on the map by revealing their hidden heritage and importance to biodiversity. Funded by the National Lottery Heritage Fund it supports people to learn about, research and survey the species in, and history of, their local burial grounds. Started in May 2018 it is currently running through to December 2022. One of its functions is to raise the importance of gardening, plants and flowers in cemeteries.
It also encouraging people to send in a list of species they see cemeteries – so far it has received over 75,000 records.
Why see cemeteries as spaces for nature?
- They've been there a long time. Most churchyards and cemeteries date from well before the widespread losses to our natural heritage occurred, and so are arks for species and habitats going back through the centuries. Some burial sites may have been founded on older pre-Christian sacred sites whilst many younger burial grounds such as the Victorian cemeteries have been in existence for over 100 years.
- The management of burial grounds hasn't changed over time. Apart from grave digging, burial grounds are undisturbed, timeless sanctuaries where plant and animal populations have increased.
- They occur in every town, city and rural parish. Once you start to view burial grounds as wildlife havens it's exciting to think how many there are and how they link with other green spaces and corridors. The exact number of burial grounds is not known but is in the order of 20,000.
- They are accessible. Not only are they widespread, but they also have full public access, insurance and some facilities. This makes them great for visits, events, volunteering and as places for learning, usually within walking distance.
The role of graveside gardening
Graveyards and cemeteries are spaces for burial and mourning, but they can also be spaces for life, community, and healing. This is where grave gardening comes into play, which is the art of creating a garden at the location of your loved one's grave.
In Victorian times, garden style, or rural style, cemeteries became popular as both a way to deal with overcrowded cemeteries, and as a way to create natural spaces within urban centers to attract visitors. Before public parks existed in urban areas, these early cemeteries acted as both burial grounds and relaxing destinations where people would take picnics around the gravestones, and were designed with landscapes full of trees, shrubbery, and flowers growing amongst the tombstones.
If you want to start your own garden at a loved one's grave, check the cemetery's policies or by-laws. These policies will vary wildly, so it is important to know before you start what you can and cannot plant at a gravesite. When choosing what to plant, remember to choose plants that are not invasive, and can survive in the conditions found at the gravesite.
Two churchyards of great beauty
St Mary the Virgin, Throwleigh, Okehampton
Set in a Dartmoor village the churchyard has areas of wildflowers, ox eye daises, yellow rattle, betony, mallow, some orchids and devils bit scabious in the late summer. Butterflies include marbled white, small pearl bordered fritillary and the day flying Chimney Sweeper moth, indicator of old pasture. It won the Council for the Preservation of Rural England's 'Best churchyard in Devon' competition. It was also designated a 'County Wildlife Site' in 2020, the first so far in Devon.
St Mary the Virgin, Throwleigh, Okehampton EX20 2HU
St Just


Incredible and fun facts to explore
Boise Idaho facts
While investigating facts about Boise Idaho Weather and Boise Idaho Real Estate, I found out little known, but curios details like:
Due to the large Basque population in Idaho, Boise state university is only one of two universities in the US (the other being University of Nevada-Reno) to offer a Basque language course.
how much snow does boise idaho get?
The USA's current passenger airbag laws resulted from a tragic accident where a child's head was knocked off and flew out the broken window when airbags deployed in a fender bender in Boise, Idaho in 1996.
What's boise idaho like?
In my opinion, it is useful to put together a list of the most interesting details from trusted sources that I've come across answering what boise idaho zip code. Here are 11 of the best facts about Boise Idaho News and Boise Idaho Homes For Sale I managed to collect.
what to do at boise idaho?
 1. Boise, Idaho, USA has a (relatively) large ethnic Basque population.
 2. Idaho's capital city is Boise.
 3. Boise, Idaho used to have an electric trolley system which was discontinued and paved over. Some tracks have been unearthed during recent construction projects in the city.
 4. Boise, Idaho has a long history of Basque culture
 5. In 1985 a 7ft. "Mr. Potato Head" ran for Mayor of Boise, Idaho. It was the "first vegetable and the first toy to run for public office."
 6. For celebrating the New Year, Boise, Idaho drops a giant potato.
 7. It takes only 10 letters to write Boise, Idaho. It takes 24 letters to write Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are first and last in state name + capital city length.
 8. The fewest number of letters to spell a U.S. State AND its capital is 10. (Boise, Idaho)
 9. Kevin Spacey's brother is a limousine driving Rod Stewart impersonator in Boise, Idaho (You have to see this website).
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What is the population of boise idaho?
This is our collection of basic interesting facts about Boise Idaho. The fact lists are intended for research in school, for college students or just to feed your brain with new realities. Possible use cases are in quizzes, differences, riddles, homework facts legend, cover facts, and many more. Whatever your case, learn the truth of the matter why is Boise Idaho so important!
Editor Veselin Nedev Editor


text:
Tax Act, State of Maine, 1827
In 1827 the state of Maine issued a tax act, which delineated the amount of taxes that each town was responsible for paying to the state. The state of Maine determined that the town of Baldwin was responsible for $76.30 of the fifty thousand dollars in taxes that it was assessed the inhabitants of the state owed. This tax act also lists exclusions and rules to include property to be taxed. Elias Thomas, the signer of this document, was the treasurer for the state of Maine from 1824 to 1827 as well as in 1829 and 1830.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Colouring Culture began in 2016, as the rise of adult colouring books launched into the marketplace. Chaz Fliy, the founder of Colouring Culture, is a designer and wellbeing coach, and realised that there were no inspiring products available that catered for his interests. Chaz began thinking and soon began creating a series of detailed illustration concepts based on a community he knew well - The Sikhs. As the concept illustrations came to life, he began adding to the collection weekly until he had created 20 original and detailed colouring-worthy art pieces. During the process of creating the illustrations, he explored how a mindfulness adult colouring book could help others, those less fortunate and communities struggling with mental health issues. Chaz recalled a visit to Uganda which he embarked on in 2014, where he was fortunate to spend some time teaching at an orphanage school. The memories of the experiences were both joyous and eye-opening, to note that many children in lesser developed countries did not own their own school books, pencils or art supplies. This memory got Chaz thinking and Colouring Culture was formed. This was an initiative to help the mental wellbeing of adults in ethnic and cultured communities. With every one book sold, Colouring Culture provides a free book to an underfunded school or child in communities it supports.
During April 2020, there was an event that would change the course of history as we knew it. Covid-19 created a time of uncertainty, heightening physical illness and the rise of mental health conditions. Chaz took the opportunity to revisit the colouring book project and had time to reflect on an even bigger vision for the project. A book series would be created to help individuals connect to a topic they were interested in, and connect to their own culture. It would also support artists who were struggling to receive work or commissions during and after the global pandemic. Chaz made a decision to make the project a collective one. He contacted talented artists, writers and strategy advisors within the Sikh community to help create a project on a larger scale, and it was launched on Kickstarter as a crowdfunding campaign!
The book was successfully funded by supportive backers and, after several months, we were able to release our first in the series of art therapy colouring-in books, starting with The Sikhs. We hope that you will enjoy the journey.
With EVERY Colouring Book sold,
we will give ONE absolutely FREE
to an underprivileged school.


a local port, immediately monitor the spawned port, and in the remote init function, immediately monitor the passed local port. This two-way monitoring ensures that both ports get cleaned up when there is a problem. "spawn" guarantees that the $initfunc has no visible effects on the caller before "spawn" returns (by delaying invocation when spawn is called for the local node). Example: spawn a chat server port on $othernode. # this node, executed from within a port context: my $server = spawn $othernode, "MyApp::Chat::Server::connect", $SELF; mon $server; # init function on C<$othernode> sub connect { my ($srcport) = _USER_; mon $srcport; rcv $SELF, sub {... }; } after $timeout, _USER_ after $timeout, $callback Either sends the given message, or call the given callback, after the specified number of seconds. This is simply a utility function that comes in handy at times - the AnyEvent::MP author is not convinced of the wisdom of having it, though, so it may go away in the future. cal $port, _USER_, $callback[, $timeout] A simple form of RPC - sends a message to the given $port with the given contents (_USER_), but adds a reply port to the message. The reply port is created temporarily just for the purpose of receiving the reply, and will be "kil"ed when no longer needed. A reply message sent to the port is passed to the $callback as-is. If an optional time-out (in seconds) is given and it is not "undef", then the callback will be called without any arguments after the time-out elapsed and the port is "kil"ed. If no time-out is given (or it is "undef"), then the local port will monitor the remote port instead, so it eventually gets cleaned-up. Currently this function returns the temporary port, but this "feature" might go in future versions unless you can make a convincing case that this is indeed useful for something. AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang AnyEvent::MP got lots of its ideas from distributed Erlang (Erlang node == aemp node, Erlang process == aemp port), so many of the documents and programming techniques employed by Erlang apply to AnyEvent::MP. Here is a sample: # chapters 3 and 4 # chapters 5 and 6 # chapters 4 and 5 Despite the similarities, there are also some important differences: * Node IDs are arbitrary strings in AEMP. Erlang relies on special naming and DNS to work everywhere in the same way. AEMP relies on each node somehow knowing its own address(es) (e.g. by configuration or DNS), and possibly the addresses of some seed nodes, but will otherwise discover other nodes (and their IDs) itself. * Erlang has a "remote ports are like local ports" philosophy, AEMP uses "local ports are like remote ports". The failure modes for local ports are quite different (runtime errors only) then for remote ports - when a local port dies, you *know* it dies, when a connection to another node dies, you know nothing about the other port. Erlang pretends remote ports are as reliable as local ports, even when they are not. AEMP encourages a "treat remote ports differently" philosophy, with local ports being the special case/exception, where transport errors cannot occur. * Erlang uses processes and a mailbox, AEMP does not queue. Erlang uses processes that selectively receive messages, and therefore needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no useful purpose. For the same reason the pattern-matching abilities of AnyEvent::MP are more limited, as there is little need to be able to filter messages without dequeuing them. (But see Coro::MP for a more Erlang-like process model on top of AEMP). * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous. Sending messages in Erlang is synchronous and blocks the process (and so does not need a queue that can overflow). AEMP sends are immediate, connection establishment is handled in the background. * Erlang suffers from silent message loss, AEMP does not. Erlang implements few guarantees on messages delivery - messages can get lost without any of the processes realising it (i.e. you send messages a, b, and c, and the other side only receives messages a and c). AEMP guarantees (modulo hardware errors) correct ordering, and the guarantee that after one message is lost, all following ones sent to the same port are lost as well, until monitoring raises an error, so there are no silent "holes" in the message sequence. * Erlang can send messages to the wrong port, AEMP does not. In Erlang it is quite likely that a node that restarts reuses a process ID known to other nodes for a completely different process, causing messages destined for that process to end up in an unrelated process. AEMP never reuses port IDs, so old messages or old port IDs floating around in the network will not be sent to an unrelated port. * Erlang uses unprotected connections, AEMP uses secure authentication and can use TLS. AEMP can use a proven protocol - TLS - to protect connections and securely authenticate nodes. * The AEMP protocol is optimised for both text-based and binary communications. The AEMP protocol, unlike the Erlang protocol, supports both programming language independent text-only protocols (good for debugging) and binary, language-specific serialisers (e.g. Storable). By default, unless TLS is used, the protocol is actually completely text-based. It has also been carefully designed to be implementable in other languages with a minimum of work while gracefully degrading functionality to make the protocol simple. * AEMP has more flexible monitoring options than Erlang. In Erlang, you can chose to receive *all* exit signals as messages or *none*, there is no in-between, so monitoring single processes is difficult to implement. Monitoring in AEMP is more flexible than in Erlang, as one can choose between automatic kill, exit message or callback on a per-process basis. * Erlang tries to hide remote/local connections, AEMP does not. Monitoring in Erlang is not an indicator of process death/crashes, in the same way as linking is (except linking is unreliable in Erlang). In AEMP, you don't "look up" registered port names or send to named ports that might or might not be persistent. Instead, you normally spawn a port on the remote node. The init function monitors you, and you monitor the remote port. Since both monitors are local to the node, they are much more reliable (no need for "spawn_link"). This also saves round-trips and avoids sending messages to the wrong port (hard to do in Erlang). RATIONALE Why strings for port and node IDs, why not objects? We considered "objects", but found that the actual number of methods that can be called are quite low. Since port and node IDs travel over the network frequently, the serialising/deserialising would add lots of overhead, as well as having to keep a proxy object everywhere. Strings can easily be printed, easily serialised etc. and need no special procedures to be "valid". And as a result, a port with just a default receiver consists of a single code reference stored in a global hash - it can't become much cheaper. Why favour JSON, why not a real serialising format such as Storable? In fact, any AnyEvent::MP node will happily accept Storable as framing format, but currently there is no way to make a node use Storable by default (although all nodes will accept it). The default framing protocol is JSON because a) JSON::XS is many times faster for small messages and b) most importantly, after years of experience we found that object serialisation is causing more problems than it solves: Just like function calls, objects simply do not travel easily over the network, mostly because they will always be a copy, so you always have to re-think your design. Keeping your messages simple, concentrating on data structures rather than objects, will keep your messages clean, tidy and efficient. SEE ALSO AnyEvent::MP::Intro - a gentle introduction. AnyEvent::MP::Kernel - more, lower-level, stuff. AnyEvent::MP::Global - network maintenance and port groups, to find your applications. AnyEvent::MP::DataConn - establish data connections between nodes. AnyEvent::MP::LogCatcher - simple service to display log messages from all nodes. AnyEvent. AUTHOR Marc Lehmann


time. The second boundary condition in Equation (8) implies that there is no current through the electrode edge. The boundary conditions for Vn are:
V n = 0 on r = R c
d V n d r = 0 on r = R
The first boundary condition in Equation (9) means that the potential at the electrical contact of the negative electrode has a fixed value of zero as the reference potential. The second boundary condition in Equation (10) implies the same as in the case of Vp.
The current density, J, of Equations (1) and (2) is a function of the potentials of the positive and negative electrodes. The functional relationship between the current density and the electrode potentials depends on the polarization characteristics of the electrodes. In this study, the following polarization expression used by Tiedemann and Newman [28] and Newman and Tiedemann [29] is employed:
J = Y ( V p V n U )
where Y and U are the fitting parameters. The physical meaning of U is similar to the equilibrium potential of the battery cell, and Y may be regarded as a reaction rate constant of an electrochemical reaction as discussed in reference [27]. As suggested by Gu [30], U and Y are expressed as functions of the depth of discharge (DOD) as follows:
U = a 0 + a 1 ( D O D ) + a 2 ( D O D ) 2 + a 3 ( D O D ) 3 + a 4 ( D O D ) 4 + a 5 ( D O D ) 5
Y = a 6 + a 7 ( D O D ) + a 8 ( D O D ) 2 + a 9 ( D O D ) 3 + a 10 ( D O D ) 4 + a 11 ( D O D ) 5
where a0a11 are the fitting parameters. The details of the procedures to obtain a0a11 are given in reference [27]. The fitting parameters used to calculate the potential distributions on the electrodes are listed in Table 1. The meaning of cases A–B in Table 1 is given in the following Experimental Section.
Table 1. Fitting parameters used to calculate the potential distributions on the electrodes.
Table 1. Fitting parameters used to calculate the potential distributions on the electrodes.
ParameterCase ACase BCase C
a0 (V)3.573.513.61
a1 (V)−7.31−3.24−6.81
a2 (V)58.4723.9752.13
a3 (V)−169.47−67.31−148.56
a4 (V)202.6478.68175.68
a5 (V)−85.12−32.38−73.08
a6 (S m−2)362.95269.72236.88
a7 (S m−2)−228.76−163.333.62
a8 (S m−2)298.66425.62−509.07
a9 (S m−2)−2554.81−989.23.13
a10 (S m−2)4129.45318.89729.42
a11 (S m−2)−2000.35159.13−440.37
3. Experimental Section
To obtain LFP, a solid state reaction using ball milling was performed for 3 h at a rotational speed of 250 rpm with stoichiometric amounts of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), iron(II) oxalate (FeC2O4·2H2O, Sigma-Aldrich), ammonium di-hydrogenophosphate (NH4H2PO4, Sigma-Aldrich), and 3% carbon black as a carbon source precursor. The resulting mixture was dried at 50 °C for 16 h in a drying oven and then heated in a tube furnace at 600 °C in an atmosphere with a gas mixture of 95% Ar and 5% H2 for 10 h. The carbon-coated LFP was mixed with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binder and acetylene black (w/w) as conductive additive in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent and coated onto an Al foil. After drying in a vacuum oven at 80 °C for 12 h, the electrode thickness was measured to be 60 μm, and the mass of active material was about 5–7 mg·cm−2. The cathode was placed in a standard coin cell (2032 type) with 1 M LiPF6 in an ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate/ethylmethyl carbonate (EC/DMC/EMC) solution as an electrolyte and a lithium foil as a counter electrode. A Maccor 4000 battery cycler (Maccor, Tulsa, OK, USA) with a cut-off voltage of 2.5 V was used to carry out galvanostatic discharging of the LFP battery cell at discharge rates of 0.1C, 0.5C, 1.0C, and 2.0C for three different compositions of the LFP cathode. The three different compositions of the LFP cathode are referred to as cases A–C and are listed in Table 2.
Table 2. Compositions of the lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode for cases A–C.
Table 2. Compositions of the lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode for cases A–C.
CaseComposition of the cathode (wt%)
Active materialConductive additiveBinder
Case A85105
Case B87.57.55
Case C9055
4. Results and Discussion
The solutions to Equations (5) and (6) subject to the associated boundary conditions are obtained by using a finite element method. For three different compositions of the LFP cathode, U and Y are obtained as functions of DOD, as expressed in Equations (12) and (13), to provide the best fit of the modeling results to the experimental data and are plotted in Figure 2.
Figure 2. (a) U as a function of depth of discharge (DOD); and (b) Y as a function of DOD.
Figure 2. (a) U as a function of depth of discharge (DOD); and (b) Y as a function of DOD.
Energies 06 05597 g002
In Figure 3, the potential distributions of the positive and negative electrodes are plotted when the battery cell of case A is discharged with the discharge rate of 2.0C at the DOD value of 0.2 as a demonstration of the potential distributions obtained from the solutions of Equations (5) and (6). The potential of the positive electrode near the outer edge of coin-type cell has a higher value as compared to that near the electrical contact at the center of coin-type cell. This conforms to the expectation that the current flows from the outer edge of the coin-type cell to the center of the cell in the positive electrode during discharge as shown schematically in Figure 1b. The potential of the negative electrode near the center of coin-type cell has a higher value as compared to that near the outer edge of coin-type cell. This seems rational, because the direction of current flow is from the center of the cell to the outer edge of the cell during discharge as shown in Figure 1b. The battery cell potential calculated from modeling is the difference between the values of Vp and Vn shown in Figure 3 when the normalized radius defined as (r−Rc)/(R−Rc) is zero.
Figure 3. Potential distributions of the positive and negative electrodes as a function of normalized radius.
Figure 3. Potential distributions of the positive and negative electrodes as a function of normalized radius.
Energies 06 05597 g003
To test the validity of the modeling approach, the cell voltage of the LFP battery calculated from the modeling as described in the above has to be compared with the experimental measurements obtained with various discharge rates for the different compositions of the LFP cathode. With the object of the model validation, the calculated discharge curves from the model using U and Y presented in Figure 2 are compared with the experimental data with discharge rates ranging from 0.1C to 2.0C for three different compositions of the LFP cathode in Figure 4. The experimental discharge curves are generally in good agreement with the modeling results based on the finite element method, although there is some deviation between the experimental and modeling discharge curves for cases B and C at high C rates. The modeling approach presented in this work is simply changing the key modeling parameters U and Y as the functions of DOD for different compositions of cathode. This approach enabled the model to capture all of the salient features of the discharge characteristics of the cell voltage, such as the initial rapid drop and subsequent plateau followed by a continuous decrease to the cutoff voltage of 2.5 V at various discharge rates from 0.1C to 2.0C for the three different compositions of the LFP cathode. This demonstrates the validity of the modeling approach for predicting the effects of the cathode composition on the discharge behavior of a LFP battery cell comprising a LFP cathode, a lithium metal anode, and an organic electrolyte.
Figure 4. Comparison between the experimental and modeling discharge curves with discharge rates ranging from 0.5C to 5C: (a) case A; (b) case B; and (c) case C.
Figure 4. Comparison between the experimental and modeling discharge curves


text:
Our new edited book on thermodynamic analysis and optimization of geothermal power plants has been just published.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Geothermal Power Plants guides researchers and engineers on the analysis and optimization of geothermal power plants through conventional and innovative methods. Coverage encompasses the fundamentals, thermodynamic analysis, and optimization of geothermal power plants. Advanced thermodynamic analysis tools such as exergy analysis, thermoeconomic analysis, and several thermodynamic optimization methods are covered in depth for different configurations of geothermal power plants through case studies. Interdisciplinary research with relevant economic and environmental dimensions are addressed in many of the studies. Multiobjective optimization studies aimed at better efficiency, lower cost, and a lower environmental impact are also discussed in this book.
For more information, please click here.


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129.13.36.189 [Abstract]
advanced_tools:bianchi_identities [2019/01/16 13:34]
jakobadmin [Abstract]
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 In general relativity, the Bianchi identity In general relativity, the Bianchi identity
 $$ \nabla R = \nabla \nabla \theta =0 $$ $$ \nabla R = \nabla \nabla \theta =0 $$
-roughly says "that the sum over a closed two-dimensional surface of rotations induced by Riemannian curvature is equal to zero." (Source)+roughly says "that the sum over a closed two-dimensional surface of rotations induced by Riemannian curvature is equal to zero." ([[_URL_
 <tabbox Why is it interesting?> <tabbox Why is it interesting?>
 <blockquote> <blockquote>
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Introducing Static Driver Verifier
Static Driver Verifier (SDV) is a static verification tool that runs at compile time. It explores paths in the driver code by symbolically executing the source code, making the fewest possible assumptions about the state of the operating system and the initial state of the driver. As a result, SDV can exercise code in paths that are missed in traditional testing.
SDV includes a set of rules that define proper interaction between a driver and the operating system kernel. During verification, SDV examines every applicable branch of the driver code and the library code that it uses, and tries to prove that the driver violates the rules. If SDV fails to prove a violation, it reports that the driver complies with the rules and passes the verification.
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Q. What is all natural sea bird nests make of? How does it benefit the body?
A. All natural sea bird nests main ingredients include sea natural aquatic plate proteins and enzymes derived from essence of the sea. It has high collagen content. Which aids in skincare, digestion & improve gut motility. Its rich source of iron helps to increase body's storing and creation of iron & red blood cells content. This enhances oxygen carrying capacity of blood and improves blood circulation. Its good source of calcium helps to build healthier & stronger bones. By replenishing body's calcium, it can also prevent osteoporosis. As it contains all pure natural products, there are no side effects and is suitable for long term consumption.
Q. How do all natural sea bird nests alleviate osteoporosis and joint pain?
A. All natural sea bird nests has a high calcium content, as much as 600 times more then what we can obtain from animal sources. In other words, consuming 1kg of all natural sea bird nests is equivalent to consuming 600kg of meat in terms of calcium content. The high content of calcium and collagen rapidly replenish cartilage erosion and calcify the bones, thus reducing pains caused by cartilage & bones inflammation while increasing bone density.
Q. How important is iron in our body?
A. The lack of iron results in iron deficient anemia, fatigue and inadequate oxygen carrying capacity of blood. With all natural sea bird nest's high iron content, which is equivalent to 28 times the amount found in pork liver, is an essential component for the formation of healthy red blood cells, scientifically known as haemopoiesis (blood forming).
Q. What is collagen? How does it benefit out body?
A. Collagen recently has become a hot topic among numerous cosmetic product. Its effects are well known and widespread throughout the body. Not only for its anti-aging and skin repair abilities, collagen is needed to maintain the integrity of blood vessels and act as a structural support for cartilage, tendon, tissues and even the cornea of the eyes. As collagen is present in large amount in all natural sea bird nests, it accelerates the healing process of our skin, prevent outbreaks, ease blemishes and lighten scar marks, leaving your skin radiant & supple.
Q. Why should we consume dietary fiber?
A. According to the dietary guidelines given by Ministry of Health, an adult should consume around 25-30g of dietary fibers a day to meet his daily needs. However, according to surveys conducted, most working adults consumed less then this required amount due to hectic lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits. Dietary fibers are the indigestible portion of plant


During Applied Felts' multi-stage production process, we continually test a number of criteria including density, thickness, fiber distribution evenness, strength and weld-ability of the finished product. Once the liner has been constructed, the material is then coated, using a "single pass" extruded process to ensure there are no pinholes present. During this phase, tests are again conducted to monitor coating uniformity, mass and weight distribution.
Continually checked throughout the process to ensure the product satisfies the specification of your order, the finished liner is then sampled and destructively tested across a variety of quality characteristics, including density at various pressures, tensile strength, coating distribution and more. Finally, samples are cut and tested across several additional criteria to make sure the circumference, density, length, coating integrity, weld strengths and other properties have not been compromised.


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text:
PennController.GetTable( tablename ).filter( "column", "match" )
PennController.GetTable( tablename ).filter( "column", /match/ )
PennController.GetTable( tablename ).filter( function )
Returns a filtered version of the table, containing only rows whose specified column's value is a match.
If you use a string then the column's value must match the text exactly. Alternatively, you can use a regular expression to test the column's value. You can also use a function that will take each row as an argument and should return
true to keep the row or
false to exclude it.
You can use several
filters in chain.
Template( GetTable( "spreadsheet.csv" ).filter( row => row.Item > 0 ) // 'Item' should be greater than 0, and.filter( "ButtonText", /second/ ) // 'ButtonText' should contain'second', row => newTrial( "button trial", newButton("test button", row.ButtonText).print().wait() ).log( "Item", row.Item ).log( "Text", row.ButtonText ) );
Generates only one trial from a subset of the table spreadsheet.csv: first we only consider rows where the value in the Item column is a number greater than 0 (this is practically ineffective, for both rows in spreadsheet.csv already satisfy this condition) and we further consider only rows among those rows where the value of the ButtonText column is a text containing the string second (only the second row satisfies this condition).