text:
The Michigan Road
Ripley County, named for War of 1812 General Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, was formed in 1818.
Most of the Michigan Road in Ripley County was never added to the modern state highway system. US 421 leaves the Michigan Road shortly after entering Ripley County and doesn't rejoin it until shortly before leaving the county. Just before the road leaves Jefferson County, it curves to the east a bit; just after it enters Ripley County, to stay on the Michigan Road you have to follow a side road, as this map shows. I highlighted the Michigan Road as a green line on the map.
This excerpt from an 1870 atlas suggests that a fork once existed where the road now curves east, and the Michigan Road ran straight north and briefly through what is now the Jefferson Proving Ground. The map shows the east fork, now US 421, running through Rexville and the west fork, the Michigan Road, running more northerly. The only hitch is that the fork actually would have been just south of the county line in Jefferson County. But if this is a simple matter of mapmaker error in locating the fork, then that at some point about two miles of the original route were abandoned for the current configuration. If you view an aerial map of this area at maximum zoom, you can see spots of what might have been the road along the line where the road would have been.
US 421 continues straight towards Versailles and Osgood. During the early 20th century, somehow the US 421 route became the modern Michigan Road, and was even signed as such. The real Michigan Road gets very little notice today as it provides an intimate view to a great deal of farmland and passes through a very small town.
To see the Michigan Road auto trail through Versailles and Osgood, follow this side trip.
Here's where the Michigan Road turns off US 421.
Turning onto the "old" Michigan Road, you immediately feel like you've stepped out into the country. Except for the road having been widened to two lanes and paved, this landscape has probably changed little in 100 years.
Shortly after turning onto this segment, but before the Michigan Road turns north, a stone one-lane bridge appears, as this video shows.
I found nothing on the bridge that tells when it was built, but I guess late 1800s.
The bridge looks good for its age, although the bridge footers show obvious modern repair work. Under the bridge, it's obvious a sealant was applied at some point, but it did not seem to help much.
The bridge's deck appeared solid. I wonder whether the deck was originally stone.
Here's the view from the bridge. Notice JPG's perimeter road just inside its fence. This photo is a bit misleading that it makes the road look as wide as the bridge. In reality, two cars can pass on the road, but would more than rub elbows on the bridge.
About five miles north of the bridge, the JPG fence pulls away and disappears, and then the road enters little New Marion, as this map shows.
This old house stands on the southwest corner of 4th and Main.
On the northeast corner of 3rd and Main stands the St. Magdalene Catholic Church. Its original building stood a few miles away inside what is now the Jefferson Proving Ground. When the Army took over in 1941, the church's cemetery moved to the Michigan Road north of Madison, while the congregation rebuilt here.
This interview with a woman who lived in New Marion during World War II tells of when the church was moved:
There was a big catholic church, it was St. Magdalene and they moved that, all the cemetery, all the plots, dug them all up, the stone and everything, and the people had no say so, they were just told we'll give you so much money for your land and you get out, and you had a certain amount of time to do it, and so neighbors, who had knew each other for years and generations were scattered everywhere.
She also talked about what it was like living next to JPG during the war:
When we were in high school, and when we, after the war started, and they used this area, this Jefferson Proving Ground to test ammunition. They dropped bombs from airplanes, so it was a very noisy time. It was uh, we could sit on our back step at home and it was like fireworks all the time, and you could see them dropping the bombs, and flares would go up, and the noise was so bad that it would break windows in our house and in the town where we lived, and it would knock flowers out of windows, and you could hear the bombs go off, so you were always aware that there was a war going on...
Just north of 1st St. stands the New Marion Baptist Church. Its building has two dates on it, 1835 and 1868.
Just north of town lies the New Marion Cemetery, which some sources say is associated with the Baptist Church.
After driving so many miles in the country, it's a bit of a surprise to come upon US 50, one of the original U.S. highways running over 3,000 miles from Maryland to California. A Michigan Road historical marker stands on the southeast corner of the intersection. It needs to be restored.
Just past US 50 the Michigan Road crosses the Ohio and Mississippi railroad track, where the town of Dabney once stood.
A bit north of the tracks is the Dabney Baptist Church, the only reminder of the old town. The church started in nearby Otter Village in 1852, but moved here in 1854 to be near the railroad. This building was completed in 1885.
Here's a southbound shot of the road just north of Dabney.
As the road nears Napoleon, somebody spray-painted "St. Maurice 2008 CYO Champs" on the roof of this curious building, which stands on the southeast corner of 700N.
This stone culvert (or is it a very small bridge?) is just beyond 700N.
I wonder if this side used to be as tall as the other, but the stones above roadway level were removed at some point.
Even this far out in the country, the signs faithfully remember the road's heritage.
Here's a southbound shot of the road over the stone culvert.
When the Michigan Road reaches the south end of Napoleon, it makes a hard right and quickly ends at US 421. The map labels the road as 850N, but it is signed Michigan Road. Notice that if you follow the Michigan Road's path straight north, it meets US 421 somewhere north of Jackson St. My guess is that it used to do just that, but was abandoned after the road that is now US 421 was built.
This excerpt from an 1856 Indiana atlas in the David Rumsey collection, supports my theory. I've highlighted the Michigan Road in blue and the road from Versailles and Osgood that became US 421 in red.
North of the turn, the road becomes a gravel path briefly, as this southbound photo shows.
It provides access to the Lutheran Cemetery. Past the cemetery's north edge, the gravel becomes two-track briefly and then the road disappears. I would like someday to explore along this corridor for clues.
Here's where the road ends at US 421.
Napoleon was platted in 1820 with an east-west main street that is State Road 229 today. The Michigan Road is Madison St.
Check out the burglar alarm above the door of the 1904 Napoleon State Bank building on the northwest corner of Main and Madison.
The current Napoleon State Bank stands on the southeast corner. This bank has four branches in nearby towns and has managed to stay independent, which is no mean feat today.
I ducked down Main Street for a minute, where I found the 1838 Central House, a former stop for people driving hogs from Indianapolis to Cincinnati along an early stagecoach route. It is used today for the occasional play or musical.
Back on the Michigan Road, this building houses the Bonaparte's Retreat restaurant.
On the southwest corner of Wilson St. stands this flour mill, about which I have so far been able to find out nothing.
What's really interesting about this building is seeing the two new signs painted on it with all the old ones long fading.
The only White Lily flour I have been able to find information about is pretty much a Southern institution, well known for making the most tender biscuits. But that White Lily flour was, until 2006, made exclusively in Knoxville, Tennessee.
On the northwest corner of Wilson St. is this very large old house.
The old house stands at the east end of Berry's Trace, later known as Brownstown Road. It ran west to at least the east fork of the White River, where it joined a "three-notch" road that ran from Indianapolis to the falls of the Ohio River. I haven't been able to figure out Berry's Trace's route for certain.
Heading north out of Napoleon, this little creek comes out from behind a gas station and runs alongside the Michigan Road.
Directly across the street, drivers are reassured they're still on US 421 as they leave town.
From Napoleon, it's a short distance to the Decatur County line. Just before you get there, if you don't keep your eyes peeled you'll miss this old house on the right. It appears to be abandoned.
Here's a closer look at the house.
Created 18 June 2008. Updated 13 March 2009, 2 January 2012.


text:
Modelling and Analysis of the Performance for Bluetooth Low Energy
For the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) connection events, a 2-dimensional Markov chain-based model is proposed in this letter, to compute and analyze the duration, duty cycle, power consumption and the maximum throughputs. A general application of peer-to-peer bidirectional data transmission is described in this model, by taking the influence of data transmission states of both the central and peripheral devices on connection event state into account. The impacts of connection parameters, closing rules of connection events and channel quality on the performance are also analyzed. Experimental results show that the proposed model can accurately calculate the terms of average connection event duration, average energy consumption and the maximum throughputs of both the central and peripheral devices.
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundations of CHINA (Grant No. 61771392, No. 61771390, No. 61871322)
Email Address of Submitting _EMAIL_
ORCID of Submitting Author0000-0003-2806-5343
Submitting Author's InstitutionNorthwestern Polytechnical University
Submitting Author's Country

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


There are innumerable terms and words of the English language that arouse our curiosity, one of them is undoubtedly the meaning of Unlapsed . But you are calm, because in we will tell you what Unlapsed means.
Unlapsed is a word from the English language, born from the direct negation of the word "Lapsed", whose meaning is expired , Worn or expired . Also this word is used to name an old member of some religion.
The word Unlapsed is rarely used in its source language, with Unexpired being the most common way that English speakers refer to the terms "Not expired" or "Valid"
The meaning of Unlapsed can go beyond what we think, not only referring to something that has not expired, but also to something that prevails in a mystical way. A notable example is the prevalence of the immortal soul, "Unlapsed Soul" in English.
Due to its nature we can use this word in various ways, therefore we will quote some examples of the word Unlapsed.
 - Well, my driver license is unlapsed, sir – Well, my driver's license has not expired, sir.
 - My baby has still an unlapsed live – My baby still has a life without passing.
 - my feelings for you are unlapsed – my feelings for you are still intact.
Other meanings that may be of interest:


text:
Pier is a content management system that allows users to manage their content from the browser.
The central concept in Pier is the one of Structure. For example, the current page is a structure. The Blog is also a structure, but it is slightly different than a page. A file is also a structure.
Commands can be executed on a Structure. For example, a Structure can be edited. In the current setup you can edit this site after logging in (the commands appear in the footer). Once in edit mode, you can use the Syntax. To make life easier, Pier also offers access to these commands via shortcuts.
Any Structure can be Viewed. The default View is the one that renders the structure for normal usage. Another example, is the Browse View which offers a file system like view on the Pier structures.
Any Structure has an environment which defines the template. For example, the environment of this page is Templates (you have to be logged in to see it). To set the environment to be a different page use the Settings command. To edit the environment use the Edit Design command.
A Structure can contain Widgets. For example, the environment of this page contains a menu widget on top, and a widget that enumerates the children of the current sturcture to the right.
More about Pier can be found at: _URL_.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
From SNIC Documentation
|Description||A knowledgebase of user oriented information in Swedish academic high performance computing.|
Snicdocs is the working name for the wiki you are now reading. Its purpose is to become the place for user oriented information in Swedish academic high performance computing. Some examples include:
- What computing resources are available.
- What storage solutions are available?
- What software is available where, and under what conditions?
- How can I use them?
- Who are the people I can get help from?
Snicdocs will also be used to advertise projects, services and activities within Swedish academic HPC.
The idea is that Snicdocs should contain information applicable across all centers in Sweden, and link to original source for documentation that is valid worldwide. And conversely, link to local pages at specific centres for information on local implementations that are is different enough to warrant special description. Consequentially, it is a goal to keep Snicdocs and local pages as empty as possible, and instead strive to remove special cases, harmonize solutions, and to work to improve upstream documentation so that everything works as expected worldwide. An added benefit is that a wiki with less words and special cases is both easier to read and to keep up to date.
The contents of this wiki is kept current by application and systems experts in the Swedish research and HPC communities, and members of the general public can contribute by asking questions and posting comments on the "Discussion" pages, which accompany every normal wiki page (see tab on top of page). Snicdocs uses browser client certificates for authorization of editors.
Snicdocs has cross-indexed and searchable information on a variety of topics, and presents it both in natural language and in dynamically generated, sortable views. Some features include:
- Certificate based authentication and authorization.
- Only staff can edit wiki pages, and only over https.
- The general public can post comments and questions to talk pages.
- Resource information
- Location and capabilities of academic resources for computation in Sweden.
- Information on storage solutions.
- Software information
- What software is available at which resource, and under what licensing conditions.
- How to get maximum performance out of this software in my HPC jobs.
- Where can I find more information on this software?
- Project information
- Lists of current projects within Swedish HPC.
- Purpose, description and progress within projects.
- Involved personnel.
- When will they be finished?
- Staff information
- Manuals and guides for using SweGrid.
- Managerial views for SNIC
- Who's salary is financed by SNIC?
- What SNIC projects are
Since the Snicdocs content contributors are distributed throughout Sweden, and opportunities for face-to-face meetings are infrequent, it is necessary for this system to be straightforward to keep current and consistent. Therefore, Snicdocs uses the widely known mediawiki software (used also by for example Wikipedia) with semantic mediawiki added for dynamic generation of content and for minimizing duplication of data. On top of this it requires well-defined scope and structure to ensure searchability and readability.
Most of the development of Snicdocs has gone into ensuring that best way to enter information into the wiki also is the easiest way, so that new data will be added in a readable, consistent, homogeneous and searchable manner. In practical terms this means determining useful category hierarchies for relevant topics, so that relevant pages can be found easily, and determining minimal useful sets of required information on pages within these topics, so that contributors can spend their time adding content rather than fulfilling arbitrary and sometimes inapplicable restrictions. Another major part has been writing reusable page templates and example pages for these topics, and to present sufficiently clear and concise editing guidelines so that our disparate and distributed editor community can still provide a homogeneous browsing experience for the users.
- Create a query listing all registered expertise
- Look into using the Arrays extension or the Semantic Bundle of extensions for this purpose
|Torben Rasmussen (NSC)||NSC||Application expert||Computational chemistry|
User:Joel Hedlund (NSC) is the lead developer of Snicdocs.
- Add support for denoting whether a person is to be considered on active duty. People not on active duty should not appear in dynamically generated lists, e.g. for expertise or staff.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Nexx X.R3R Zero Pro Carbon Red Helmet
Click Image for Gallery
Loaded with below features;
- In motorcycle racing, speed is the key and aerodynamics play a critical role – as that extra kilometer per hour could mean the difference between winning and losing.
- Aerodynamically optimized X.R3R lightweight shell design not only reduces the air resistance but also optimizes the air mass flow for cooling the interior.
- Considerable effort has been made to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the X.R3R's shell, visor, spoilers and vents design.
- The need for good design in the field of aerodynamics requires a wind tunnel design.
- However, testing begins virtually on the PC, with virtual CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis, which allow for better and more informed decisions.
- These results are then supported by tests in a wind tunnel, on a 1: 1 scale with a motorcycle and road tests, which validate the aerodynamic performance of the helmet in various angles and riding positions.


text:
LEADBETTER POINT — Grassy Island, an uninhabited island just east of the northern tip of Leadbetter Point on the Long Beach Peninsula, is the scene of a smoky fire Friday night.
According to a fire management plan drafted by the island's owner, the Willapa National Wildlife Refuge, the refuge's Leadbetter Unit has several hundred acres of young to mature lodgepole pine (shore pine) on the peninsula tip that continues to spread north and westward, and a small area of lodgepole pine on Grassy Island. The oldest lodgepole pine trees are approximately 80 years old, although most of the lodgepole pine on the refuge is much younger than 80 years.
Natural-caused fires are said to be infrequent in the maritime climate of lodgepole pine, but there was a significant fire on the island in July 2006 that scorched about 50 acres. The refuge notes that human-caused fires can be much more frequent in lodgepole pine due to public use occurring in and near this forest type. The 2006 fire was believed at the time to have been human caused.
Grassy Island is primarily accessible by boat from the bay; although it can be reached by foot from the peninsula by wading a shallow channel at low tide. No residences are closer than a mile from Leadbetter Point's southern boundary.
At the time of the last fire, two helicopters were called in to drop water on the island. There was no immediate information available Friday night about whether or when fire-suppression efforts may begin this time.
Grassy Island is a sanctuary for hundreds of seabirds of many species.


text:
Public representatives, council staff and figures from the Defence Forces were joined by members of the public last Saturday for the renaming of a section of Grace Road in honour of the Elliot sisters, Emily and Eilís.
The Elliot sisters hailed from Toberclaire. Founding members of Cumann na mBan, they played an important role in the nationalist scene and in the 1916 Rising in Dublin.
Addressing the crowd last weekend, Mayor Aengus O'Rourke said he was honoured to be part of such a historic situation.
"We are here today to further commemorate Eilis and Emily Elliott from Toberclaire, who played a significant role in the making of modern Ireland," Mayor O'Rourke began. "In doing so we also acknowledge the role played by their colleagues from the greater Athlone area, who also made a valuable contribution.
"For many years the role of women in Easter 1916 and later years was overlooked, but happily the part played by both Emily and Eilsih has been recognised and commemorated in Athlone. As part of the centenary 1916 commemorations, a plaque was erected in Count John McCormack Square in their honour.
"In 2017, the bypass bridge on the River Shannon was named as Cuman Na mBan Bridge, and a plaque was erected commemorating all those from the greater Athlone area who were active in The Irish Volunteers, The Irish Republican Brotherhood, The Irish Citizen Army, and Cumann na mBan at the time of the Easter Rising in 1916.
"And today, the section of road from White Bridge to the Town Bridge will officially be named as Elliott Road."
With relations of the Elliot sisters watching on, Mayor O'Rourke told the crowd of the exploits and bravery displayed by Emily and Eilish during the Easter Rising in Dublin.
"At an early age Eilish and Emily went to Dublin to find work where they trained as confectioners. In Dublin they both joined the Keating branch of the Gaelic League and were founding members of Cumann Na mBan, and were members of the central branch.
"Both Eilish and Emily participated in the 1916 Easter rising. They were in Reis's in Abbey Street (opposite the Hibernian Bank ) on Easter Monday and spent the day going back and forth to the GPO carrying bread, supplies and messages.
"On Tuesday they answered a call for volunteers for the Four Courts and set off along the Quays where they stayed until the surrender on the Saturday."
Mayor O'Rourke told the crowd that Eilish and her husband Seamus O'Brien settled down in Athlone after the Rising and continued to play a part in local politics, being founding members of Fianna Fáil in the town. Eilish was an active member of Fianna Fáil, was chair of the local Wolfe Tone Cumann, and was made president of the Cumann for a number of years.
"Ladies and gentlemen, these insights into the work and influence and commitment of Emily and Eilis Elliott makes it clear for me and I'm sure for all of us, the reasons why we are here today," Mayor O'Rourke continued.
"These ladies were committed republicans, fearless in the pursuit of freedom, and sacrificed so much for this country and for future generations. It gives me great pleasure as the Mayor of Athlone to officially declare the road before us, outside this building, named from this day forward as Elliott Road."


tech-kern archive
Re: fifo and [acm]time
> On ufs (and tmpfs and perhaps others), reading from or writing to a
> fifo updates its [acm]time [...]
> Note that the same [acm]time updates do not apply to sockets.
Aside from whether this is a good idea, this difference may make sense.
A FIFO is a single shared object; multiple opens result in multiple
references to a single FIFO.
You don't say whether the socket case is SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_DGRAM
For SOCK_STREAM, a socket in the filesystem is more like a cloning
device: a connection established using it as a rendezvous point results
in new sockets, distinct from the socket corresponding to the
filesystem entry (though one of them is derived from it). It is these
new sockets that the I/O occurs on and whose [acm]time would logically
be updated (if they had [acm]times, which they don't, because they
don't have [iv]nodes).
For SOCK_DGRAM, the above argument does not apply. As a matter of
theory, read()/recv()/etc on such a socket should update the atime and
write()/send()/etc should update the mtime (and, of course, in each
case the ctime as well). (I/O on the peer socket, the one that doesn't
have a filesystem entry, should not do anything of the sort, because
that socket doesn't have any [iv]node to update the [acm]time of.)
Pragmatically speaking, it's not clear to me that there's enough value
in either stance to make it worth changing whichever behaviour the
implementation happens to provide.
> And what applications would ever rely on the [acm]time of a fifo?
The only value I can see in the [acm]time of either a FIFO or an
AF_LOCAL socket "file" is to see when the relevant software last did
anything with it. This is less a matter of an application proper using
the timestamp and more one of a human who's investigating something
looking for relevant (or possibly-relevant) data.
> One consequence of this is that in a vanilla NetBSD install, Postfix
> triggers disk I/O every minute when master tickles the pickup daemon
> by writing to the fifo /var/spool/postfix/public/pickup.
Is one inode update per minute enough to be a significant issue?
(Sure, there will be cases where it is enough to matter. But are the
common enough that it's worth doing anything to NetBSD in consequence,
or are they outliers that call for per-system custom tuning? I can
think of at least one approach which likely would address this problem,
in cases where it _is_ A problem, already, and that's with no more than
a minute or so of thought.)
/~\ The ASCII Mouse
\ / Ribbon Campaign
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text:
I wanted to create a Part 2 to the PowerPoint Sketched Outline tool and share a more advanced shape consideration with using the Sketched outline styling. In this case, what happens when you use the Merge Shapes tools to create a new shape – and those shapes already have the Sketched outline styling applied?
1. For this demo, I am inserting two 2 PowerPoint shapes
2. Apply a Sketch Styling to both shapes
3. Then combine them by using the PowerPoint MERGE SHAEPES "Union"
4. The new shape, which looks great, does have the Sketched outline permanently applied. Selecting the straight line optioncannot be selected to revert it back to smooth/straight lines.
5. The way to avoid this permanent styling is to pre-plan. Before merging the two shapes together change the outline to the smooth/straight outline. Then re-apply the sketched outline styling to the new (merged) shape.
Troy @ TLC


Conveyancing and the Advantages of Seeking Professional Help
By law, conveyancing is the act of transferring the contract deeds of one property, such as a house or office space, from one owner to another. Certainly, each person has once in their life experienced selling or buying a property that is why ample knowledge in this field is highly advised. Although the mere act of conveyancing can be done by anybody, more and more people are hiring the services of professionals.
In this article, we will discuss the advantages of seeking the help of a professional conveyancer on this legal matter.
 1. They are knowledgeable
How extensive is your knowledge in assets law, bidding, contract exchange, and real estate matters? If your answer is not much, it is really a good idea to get help for your conveyancing needs from more knowledgeable people. Conveyancers hold a license issued by the Council of Licensed Conveyancers and have spent a lot of time studying all there is in the industry. They can answer your questions better than any research you will get from the Internet. Besides, their knowledge is what you have paid their conveyancing fees for.
 1. They hold a great amount of practical experience
They will know exactly how to manage your case as they have already dealt with similar situations before. They know the right people to talk to. They know which official to speak with at the Local Authority to find out if there are factors that may affect the value of the property, for example. Your conveyancer will guide you in every step of the way and will give valuable advice on the process. Because of their substantial experience, no problem is too big for them as they can find a way out of that difficulty.
 1. They are your legal representatives
This is one of the great things about hiring a conveyancer. They will be the ones to process the transaction on your behalf so all you have to focus on is moving to your new house if you are the buyer, or receiving the money from the purchase as the seller. You will not have to carry the burden of sitting in seemingly endless meetings, bidding, or dealing with paper works. Because of these professionals, clients find conveyancing not as stressful and time-consuming.
These are just some of the benefits you can take advantage of when you employ the services of a conveyancer. However, it is very important to do a background check on the conveyancer you are eyeing to know if he is suitable for the job. There are a lot of conveyancer solicitors around, they come in varying credentials, conveyancing fees, and areas of experience. Never entrust your property and your money without doing the mandatory research.
Conveyancing is a crucial part in any property transaction. Finding the right professional is essential for a smooth property deed transfer. Good luck on your search!
Leave a Comment


true if the the effective user can read the file.
=head2 can_write
Returns true if the the effective user can write to the file.
=head2 can_exec
Returns true if the the effective user can execute the file. Same as L</execute>
=head2 can_execute
Returns true if the the effective user can execute the file. Same as L</exec>
=head2 csize
Returns the total size of file, in bytes. Same as L</size>
=head2 ctime
Returns the file inode change time as a L<Module::Generic::DateTime> object, which stringifies to its value in second since epoch. L<Module::Generic::DateTime> is just a thin wrapper around L<DateTime> to allow a L<DateTime> to be used in comparison with another non L<DateTime> value.
=head2 dev
Returns the device number of filesystem. Same as L</dev>
=head2 device
Returns the device number of filesystem. Same as L</device>
=head2 exists
Returns true if the filetype is not L</FILETYPE_NOFILE>
=head2 filepath
Returns the file path as a string. Same as L</fname>
=head2 filetype
Returns the file type which is one of the L</CONSTANTS> below.
=head2 fname
Returns the file path as a string. Same as L</filepath>
=head2 gid
Returns the numeric group ID of file's owner. Same as L</group>
=head2 group
Returns the numeric group ID of file's owner. Same as L</gid>
=head2 ino
Alias for L</ino>
=head2 inode
Returns the inode number.
=head2 is_block
Returns true if this is a block file, false otherwise.
=head2 is_char
Returns true if this is a character file, false otherwise.
=head2 is_dir
Returns true if this is a directory, false otherwise.
=head2 is_file
Returns true if this is a regular file, false otherwise.
=head2 is_link
Returns true if this is a symbolic link, false otherwise.
=head2 is_pipe
Returns true if this is a pipe, false otherwise.
=head2 is_socket
Returns true if this is a socket, false otherwise.
=head2 mime_type
Using L<File::MMagic::XS>, this guesses the file mime type and returns it.
=head2 mode
Returns the file mode. This is equivalent to the mode & 07777, ie without the file type bit.
So you could do something like:
 if( $finfo->mode & 0100 )
 {
 print( "Owner can execute\n" );
 }
 if( $finfo->mode & 0001 )
 {
 print( "Everyone can execute too!\n" );
 }
=head2 mode_n2s
Returns the file or directory mode as human readable string
=head2 mode_s2n
Takes a string and convert it into octal mode.
=head2 mtime
Returns the file last modify time as a L<Module::Generic::DateTime> object, which stringifies to its value in second since epoch. L<Module::Generic::DateTime> is just a wrapper around L<DateTime> to allow a L<DateTime> to be used in comparison with another non L<DateTime> value.
=head2 name
Returns the file base name. So if the file is C</home/john/www/some/file.html> this would return C<file.html>
Interesting to note that L<APR::Finfo/name> which is advertised as returning the file base name, actually returns just an empty string. With this module, this uses a workaround to provide the proper value. It use L<File::Basename/basename> on the value returned by L</fname>
=head2 nlink
Returns the number of (hard) links to the file.
=head2 protection
=head2 rdev
Returns the device identifier (special files only).
=head2 reset
Force L<Module::Generic::Finfo> to reload the filesystem information of the underlying file or directory
=head2 size
Returns the total size of file, in bytes. Same as L</csize>
=head2 stat
Provided with a file path and this returns a new L<Module::Generic::Finfo> object.
=head2 user
Returns the numeric user ID of file's owner. Same as L</uid>
=head2 uid
Returns the numeric user ID of file's owner. Same as L</user>
=head1 CONSTANTS
=head2 FILETYPE_NOFILE
File type constant to indicate the file does not exist.
=head2 FILETYPE_REG
Regular file
=head2 FILETYPE_DIR
The element is a directory
=head2 FILETYPE_CHR
The element is a character block
=head2 FILETYPE_BLK
A block device
=head2 FILETYPE_PIPE
The file is a FIFO or a pipe
=head2 FILETYPE_LNK
The file is a symbolic link
=head2 FILETYPE_SOCK
The file is a (unix domain) socket
=head2 FILETYPE_UNKFILE
The file is of some other unknown type or the type cannot be determined
=head1 SERIALISATION
=for Pod::Coverage FREEZE
=for Pod::Coverage STORABLE_freeze
=for Pod::Coverage STORABLE_thaw
=for Pod::Coverage THAW
=for Pod::Coverage TO_JSON
Serialisation by L<CBOR|CBOR::XS>, L<Sereal> and L<Storable::Improved> (or the legacy L<Storable>) is supported by this package. To that effect, the following subroutines are implemented: C<FREEZE>, C<THAW>, C<STORABLE_freeze> and C<STORABLE_thaw>
=head1 AUTHOR
Jacques Deguest E<lt>F<_EMAIL_>E<gt>
CPAN ID: jdeguest
L<_URL_
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<Module::Generic::File>, L<Module::Generic>
=head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
Copyright (c) 2021 DEGUEST Pte. Ltd.
You can use, copy, modify and redistribute this package and associated
files under the same terms as Perl itself.
=cut


Using Scale Item Barecodes
In many retail stores the use of scale items or better known as weighted items is a big part of the business.
In IQ Retail's IQ Enterprise or IQ Business integrated accounting package these items can be handled with ease. This post is to show how this can be set up in a few simple steps.
 1. Understanding the barecode
 -The first two digits in the barecode (20 in the example shown) is the scan code typeBacon
 -The next three, four or five digits is padding or space savers, normaly zeros to fill the space between the scan code and stock code (4 zeros in the example shown)
 -After the zeros is the stock code (9 in the example shown)
 -Then there is the Price Check Digit (0 in the example shown)
 -Price follows (2604 in the example shown)
 -The last digit is the overall check digit (7 in the example shown)
 2. Setting up your scan code type
 Now that you can read the scan code type from the barecode (first two digits), head over to Point of Sale – POS setup – Define ScancodesIn this set up screen make sure that your barecode printed from the scale matches the set up in the corresponding scan code type. If needed, add or remove item code "I" or price "P" indicators.Scancodes
 3. Creating your stock item code
 In the stock maintenance screen you can now add your item.
 The item code will consist of your scan code type, the padding zeros, plus your stock code. For the example the item code will be _PHONE_.
 Then make sure that you deselect "Disallow Decimals" and to select "Scale Item". In the price tab add the price per weight.StockItem
 4. Scan you barecode in POS
 Using a barecode scanner you can now scan your item in point of sale.


Livestock market in al-Haddadiyah town in al-Hasakah (North Press Agency)
Qamishli – Majd al-Salem
In commemoration of Eid al-Adha, sheep selling markets in al-Hasakah governorate have witnessed an improvement in the selling and purchasing activity, as demand for livestock, mainly sheep and cows, have risen allowing stock breeders to compensate the losses of past months.
The price hike of livestock and the deterioration of economic conditions throughout Syria have prevented many people from fulfilling this religious ritual. Still, some people were able to find ways to sacrifice an animal marking the Eid al-Adha feast.
Forty-four-year-old Khaled Mohammed, a merchant and cattle farmer from the Qamishli countryside, told Enab Baladi that the selling activity of livestock has been low in the last two months because of drought, which led to scarcity of pastures and a significant rise in fodder prices.
This, in turn, has caused livestock prices to drop, with stockbreeding becoming a very demanding and challenging job. A single sheep price has fallen to nearly 250,000 Syrian pounds (SYP = 76 USD) before rising again in recent days.
Nowadays, the cost of one sheep ranges between 300,000 and 400,000 SYP (91 and 122 USD), while the price of a ram (a male sheep) is between 400,000 and 600,000 SYP (122 and 183 USD), Mohammed said.
Amer al-Hussein, aged 38, from al-Qahtaniyah countryside, told Enab Baladi that the recent livestock price increase did not compensate breeders for their previous losses. Livestock farmers paid high costs to tend to their cattle and sold them at low prices amounting to 150,000 (SYP = 45 USD) during the past month.
A far-fetched desire
Livestock price rise has denied Qamishli residents from orchestrating Eid al-Adha's sacrifice tradition.
Thirty-one-year-old Abdul Salam Mohammed said to Enab Baladi that he could not afford to sacrifice an animal in his late father's name, who passed away recently, nor could he distribute meat to the poor because of dire economic conditions and lack of financial resources.
Abdul Salam was saddened by the matter, but he hoped to perform the sacrifice ritual in the coming years, just like many other people he knows to have faced the same financial hardship.
Other people were luckier than Abdul Salam and managed to get an animal to sacrifice in Eid al-Adha, including Hassan al-Abousi from Qamishli. He received a ram from one of his father's friends and decided to sacrifice it in the name of his late father, who died not long ago.
Al-Abousi told Enab Baladi that he bred the ram and fed it well, then he had it slaughtered and distributed its meat among the poor, adding that if it were not for his father's friend's gift, he would not have been able to sacrifice this Eid.
Amer al-Hajji, an Islamic Studies teacher at one of Qamishli schools, who oversaw the distribution of meat of numerous sacrificed livestock to needy families over the past years, said that poor families eagerly wait for Eid al-Adha to get their share of meat.
Al-Hajji added that an abundance in sacrifices means that there will be lots of meat distributed, increasing poor families' chances of receiving meat from more than one source.
He added that the ongoing worsening economy would deprive many needy families of having meat in their meals. Meat is sold at high prices at butcher shops, with one kilo sold at 20,000 (SYP = 6 USD), while the price of one kilo of chicken is 5,500 (SYP = 1.6 USD).
Alternative solutions to afford sacrifice ritual's cost
Some people in al-Hasakah governorate buy young sheep aged less than six months at prices lower than that of full-grown ones. They tend and fatten them until they are sacrificed.
Some households with family members as refugees in neighboring countries or in Europe receive remittances to buy animal sacrifices. The depreciation of the Syrian pound against the US dollar and the Euro has benefited them, with 1 USD equalizing 3,180 SYP and 1 Euro exchanged at the rate of 3,747 SYP, according to the Syria Pound Today website.
Money transfer and exchange companies' businesses flourish during the days leading up to Eid al-Adha, with many Syrians abroad sending their relatives remittances to help cover Eid's expenses.
Al-Hasakah is famous for exporting livestock to other governorates or neighboring countries, mainly Iraq. On 7 June, the local Deir Ezzor-based Furat newspaper reported that the number of livestock in al-Hasakah is approximately 1,400,000 sheep and 72,000 cows.
Still, many livestock breeders complain about the lack of support they receive, particularly in terms of fodder and affordable veterinary vaccines and medicines, which made the cattle market, on which many people in al-Hasakah rely, characterized by volatile prices.
النسخة العربية من المقال
Related Articles
 1. Eid al-Adha is approaching… Syrian people cannot afford to buy sacrificial animals
 2. Livestock breeders struggle with high fodder prices in al-Hasakah
 3. Displacement Revives Eid al-Fitr in As-Suwayda
 4. High costs of fodder damaging sheep trade in Syria's Raqqa
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1. What Is a Delaware Holding Company?
2. Holding Company Controversy
3. Requirements for Delaware Holding Companies
4. How to Start a Delaware Holding Company
Updated July 13, 2020:
The Delaware holding company requirements are very important for parent and holding companies to follow. A parent company can form a holding company in the state of Delaware to hold certain assets of the larger company. If the requirements are not followed properly, the parent company can face lawsuits or even have their holding company shut down.
What Is a Delaware Holding Company?
Holding companies in Delaware were formed because of the state income tax law, which made it possible for foreign companies (those not formed in the state of Delaware) to be partially tax-exempt.
The tax code of Delaware states that corporations that operate within the state boarders only to maintain and manage their investments, intangible property, or trusts that are registered with the Investment Company Act of 1940 as investment companies may be exempt from corporate taxation.
Due to this taxation treatment for such companies, businesses began setting up corporations in Delaware that would act as sort of tax-exempt boxes to put their intangible assets in, called holding companies. These intangible assets or investments include things such as:
 - Stocks
 - Bonds
 - Notes
 - Patents
 - Patent applications
 - Trademarks
 - Trade names
 - Trade secrets
Delaware holding companies are frequently used to hold different types of intellectual property as well as investments. These companies are subsidiaries of larger companies that own the rights to any of the assets held there. The parent company gets licenses for access to those assets, which gives royalties back to the subsidiary company. The fees paid for the licensure are tax deductible. Therefore, using a holding company doesn't add much cost to the operations of the parent company.
Holding Company Controversy
Some states take issue with the idea of holding companies because they see it as a loss of tax revenue that should be theirs. Certain states have actually sued multinational companies such as Victoria's Secret, Radio Shack, and Home Depot in an effort to recover the taxes they missed out on.
Holding companies do offer companies an opportunity to save money, but they can also lead to audits and lawsuits. The states that allow holding companies don't usually have a problem with the practice. However, the states where the companies are primarily doing business sometimes feel they are being cheated out of tax dollars.
The audits and lawsuits the state pursues against holding companies are usually meant to prove that the holding company is only set up to avoid paying taxes. They attempt to prove that the holding company doesn't conduct any business in the state in which it is formed but simply hides assets from taxation.
Requirements for Delaware Holding Companies
Holding companies formed in Delaware must be careful to meet all the necessary requirements to help avoid audits and legal issues. It is essential that the holding company maintains a separate identity from the parent company and a status of good standing with the SOS (Secretary of State). Some of these critical requirements include:
 - Not allowing the holding company to conduct any business beyond simply managing intangible assets.
 - Not allowing the holding company to purchase any property that isn't necessary to manage the parent company's assets.
 - Keeping the holding company up-to-date with all fees and filing requirements with the state.
 - Keeping up with all debt payments required of the holding company.
 - Maintaining the right amount of capital in the holding company necessary to manage the parent company's assets.
 - Maintaining a separate legal identity from any owners or members of the holding company.
 - Maintaining separate records and bank accounts from other companies, including its parent company.
 - Filing separate tax returns from those of the parent company.
Delaware holding companies should also be sure to keep up with all the basic requirements for corporations, like holding annual meetings, filing documents with the state, etc.
How to Start a Delaware Holding Company
To start a holding company in the state of Delaware, you'll follow the basic steps for starting an LLC or corporation in the state. The business's main address should be within the state borders. All Delaware holding companies must adhere to state laws regarding their:
 - Formation
 - Operation
 - Taxation
 - Contracts.
The best way to start and maintain a successful Delaware holding company is to get counsel from an experienced business lawyer.


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Indexed on: 17 Sep '14Published on: 17 Sep '14Published in: Dalton Transactions
Zintl phases are attractive for thermoelectric applications due to their complex structures and bonding environments. The Zintl compounds Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6)and Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6) have both been shown to have promising thermoelectric properties, with zT values of 0.6 and 0.7, respectively, when doped to control the carrier concentration. Alloying can often be used to further improve thermoelectric materials in cases when the decrease in lattice thermal conductivity outweighs reductions to the electronic mobility. Here we present the high temperature thermoelectric properties of the Ca(5)Al(2-x)In(x)Sb(6)solid solution. Undoped and optimally Zn-doped samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirms that a full solid solution exists between the Al and In end-members. We find that the Al : In ratio does not greatly influence the carrier concentration or Seebeck effect. The primary effect of alloying is thus increased scattering of both charge carriers and phonons, leading to significantly reduced electronic mobility and lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature. Ultimately, the figure of merit is unaffected by alloying in this system, due to the competing effects of reduced mobility and lattice thermal conductivity.


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The Disputed History of the Tarzan Yell
Johnny Weissmuller made it famous. Carol Burnett made it funny. But the origin of Hollywood's iconic jungle cry is shrouded in mystery.
Back in 1932, in movie theaters across the country, the actor Johnny Weissmuller stood high on a cliff and let fly with a savage cry, roughly translated as "Aah-eeh-ah-eeh-aaaaaah-eeh-ah-eeh-aaaaah!"
The Tarzan yell has long been one of Hollywood's most recognizable and iconic sound bites, right up there with Rhett Butler's "Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn" and Captain Kirk's "Khaaaaaaannnnnn!"
But exactly how that jungle cry was produced remains a mystery. Was it really Weissmuller's voice? Or was it something more complex?
The yell was first introduced in the pages of Tarzan of the Apes, the 1912 novel by Edgar Rice Burroughs, where he described it as sounding like "the victory cry of the bull ape." Over the next fifteen years, Tarzan swung unto the silver screen several times. But those silent films left audiences to imagine the majestic sound of the yell.
Then in 1929, an early talkie called Tarzan the Tiger featured actor Frank Merrill making the first recorded attempt at the yell. Sadly, it sounded like the wailing of a drunken sports fan:
Three years later, Johnny Weissmuller, an Olympic swimmer with no acting experience, stepped into the loincloth and defined the role – and the yell - for decades to come. Weismuller later said his famous version of the Tarzan yell was inspired by the yodeling of his German neighbors, along with his own success in a yodeling contest he'd won as a boy.
But MGM, the studio that made the first Tarzan movies with Weissmuller, claimed to have enhanced the yell in post-production. Reportedly, they added and mixed the following:
1. A second track of Weismuller's voice, amplified
2. A track of a hyena howl, played backwards
3. A note sung by a female opera soprano, with the speed varied to produce a fluttery sound
4. The growl of a dog
5. The bleat of a camel
6. The raspy note of a violin's G-string being bowed
Another story claims that a famous operatic tenor was hired to record the yell, and the tape was then manipulated and run backwards, so that the second half of the yell was the first half in reverse.
Weissmuller denied that there was ever any sonic trickery, and in the many public appearances he did until his death in 1984, he always honored requests to perform the signature yell. If it lacked cinematic reverberation and hi-fidelity, it still sounded pretty much like what you heard on screen.
However the Tarzan yell was achieved, it was so pitch perfect in those early Weissmuller movies that the sound bite was re-used for decades. No matter which actor was playing Tarzan, when it came to the yell, they cued up Weissmuller's original "Ah-eeh-ah..." As an example, here's a scene from the 1981 Tarzan remake with Bo Derek:
Later, of course, comedienne Carol Burnett revived the yell for comic effect on her TV variety show (fast forward to 4:46).
Today, there are many YouTubers who've taken a crack at the yell. Here are three of the more entertaining Tarzan wannabes:


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عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]چکیده [English]
Artificial open channel structures are expensive infrastructures in terms of their materials, construction and maintenance. Design of a minimum cost channel section involves minimization of the sum of costs per unit length of the channel, subject to uniform flow condition in the channel. In this research, the objective function was expressed using the cost per unit length of the channel for lining, the depth-dependent unit volume earthwork cost, and the cost of water lost due to seepage and evaporation. A general resistance equation was used as an equality constraint. Optimal design of trapezoidal channel sections using genetic algorithm with depth, bottom width and side slope variables was accomplished. Two methods and several Models were evaluated including no restriction and restriction on normal depth, velocity of flow, side slope and top width. Restricted depth, velocity and side slope resulted in higher costs. However restricted top width resulted in lower costs comparing with other models. Also, another model was employeed which used the Manning equation as an equality constraint.


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NZSCM's Six Top Tips for Safe, Effective Laser and IPL
If you're considering a laser or IPL to improve your skin, we have important advice to make sure you're safe.
In New Zealand , there are no regulations to stop untrained people from using lasers and IPL machines. To keep safe, you'll need to pick your operator carefully and ask the right questions yourself. Here's what to look out for.
1. Any brown spot should have been checked by a doctor within 3 months of treatment to make sure it's not cancerous. Treating a cancerous spot with laser could be dangerous.
2. Your operator should advise against treatment if you're tanned. Treating tanned skin risks burns, blisters, scars and white patches.
3. You should be offered eye protection.
4. Ask if your operator has completed a Laser Safety Course.
5. Your operator should tell you to protect your skin from the sun before and after treatment with sunscreen, clothing and a hat.
6. Your operator should ask you questions about eye colour, skin colour and tanning ability, to discover your skin type. This determines safe treatment settings for you.


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Babri Mosque facts for kids
|Established||Constructed – 1527
Destroyed – 1992
te babar was a greatest human in the world
The Babri Mosque (Urdu: بابری مسجد, Hindi: बाबरी मस्जिद), or Mosque of Babur was a mosque in Ayodhya, India. It was constructed by order of the first Mughal emperor of India, Babur, in Ayodhya in the 16th century.
The mosque was built on top of a Hindu Temple, the Ram Janmabhoomi, birthplace of Lord Rama. Babri mosque was destroyed in 1992 when a Rally of Hindus entered to the Ayodhya. After the demolition of the Babri Mosque there was violence between Muslims and Hindus. On 27 September 2010 an Indian High Court (Allahabad High Court) decided that the Mosque was built on the Shri Ramlala Temple which was destroyed by Babar. Allahabad High Court decided to split the site into three parts.
Babri Mosque Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


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Control of nanoparticles with arbitrary 2-D force fields (with W. E. Moerner, Stanford)
Under normal operation the ABEL trap provides a feedback electric field proportional to the most recently measured offset of the particle from the target location, and pointing back toward the target. However, it is simple to apply feedback using more complicated rules as well. The feedback voltage can be an arbitrary function of the present position of the particle, as well as its velocity, acceleration, or past positions. Furthermore, because we specify the force field and not the potential, there is no requirement that the force field be conservative. Thus the ABEL trap provides a platform for observing Brownian dynamics subject to complex force fields.
|We also looked at force fields corresponding to a double well potential:|
|The hopping rate between minima was as predicted by Kramers' theory. The figure shows a typical trajectory:|
- Adam Cohen: Control of nanoparticles with arbitrary two-dimensional force fields, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 118102, Mar. 25 2005
PRL Focus: Hold still, 22 March 2005


EXCLUSIVE: Mace to discuss mental health innovation at Employee Benefits Live 2017
Judith Grant
EXCLUSIVE: Judith Grant (pictured), associate director, health and wellbeing at construction organisation Mace, will discuss how employers can take an innovative approach to mental health at Employee Benefits Live 2017.
Her session, titled 'Getting proactive with mental health at work', will form part of the health and wellbeing conference stream on Tuesday 10 October, which is also World Mental Health Day.
Presenting alongside Claire Douglas, health and wellbeing manager, Europe at Pitney Bowes, Grant will supply practical tips and ideas on how HR and benefits professionals can be more strategic when implementing a mental health programme.
Grant will highlight how a successful mental health strategy should reach beyond the provision of employee assistance programmes (EAPs), occupational health services, and health insurance to also include workplace conversations. She will explain how this can help organisations take a proactive approach to encourage employees to talk about their mental health concerns earlier and therefore improve outcomes. Grant will also draw on her experience in the construction sector, where suicide is a prevalent issue among staff, and explain why there needs to be more discussion about suicide and mental health at work.
Grant will also look at the importance of internal collaboration when developing an all-encompassing mental health approach in order to ensure that the best results for employees can be achieved.
She said: "Managing mental health at work or supporting mental health at work needs to be far-reaching, so thinking about do [employers] need to train or support people to have better conversations at work? People [who] feel they can talk about their issues earlier on, maybe don't need to go to the employee assistance programme, or rely on the health insurance. Actually having a conversation and talking about how they feel and getting help earlier might prevent a whole lot of pain for that individual and obviously cost for the business as well.
"It is about collaborating with as many different people across the organisation so [employers] can sell the idea of wellbeing in as many different corporate languages as possible so that it lands to whoever it's reaching."
Employee Benefits Live 2017 will take place on Tuesday 10 and Wednesday 11 October at Olympia National, London.
For more information or to book your place.


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Apr 15, 2021 · A Macro-Environmental Analysis of the Wine Industry in Turkey. A factor that influence a company's or product's development but that is outside of the company's control is known as macro environment.In this paper, all dimensions that affect that wine industry in Turkey are investigated.
The environmental impact of a Sardinian wine by partial Jun 01, 2013 · The analysis is limited to a single wine, a typical Sardinia white wine Vermentino di SardegnaLa Cala mark which is exported around the world, which is sold to the consumer for around 7.00 /bottle. The Goal of the study is to build up the environmental profile of this wine, in order to identify the hot spots of the system. 4.1.
wine production, measurement is critical, knowing what to measure and when, and also having the skill and experience to appropriately use the information to make fine adjustments to the chemical composition of the grape must, which will ultimately impact on the quality of the finished wine. Continuous analysis needs to be made at all stages


When a random event occurs a GNN report will pop up to inform you about it. Random events can be beneficial or harmful.
List of random events
Event Type Effect
Population boom Positive Growth requirements halved in colony.
Wealthy merchant Positive Empire receives between 100 and 700 Icon credits.png as a donation.
Major breakthrough Positive Instant discovery of currently researched technology.
Mineral upgrade Positive Planet mineral richness increases by one rank.
Deadly plague Negative Icon food.png Food output halved unless a cure is researched.
Computer virus Negative Icon research.png Research points accumulated for current technology halved.
Mineral downgrade Negative Planet mineral richness decreases by one rank.
Supernova Negative All planets in the system reduced to asteroid belts unless the event is prevented.
Minor quake Negative Two buildings randomly destroyed in colony.
Violent quake Negative Half the buildings destroyed and half the population killed in colony.
Industrial accident Negative 95% pollution on colony.
Mysterious explosion Negative One random ship in the fleet destroyed.
A sun is about to supernova which destroys an entire system, reducing all planets to asteroid belts. To stop this you have to assign population in the system to research a solution. If you have produced enough science points in a random amount of turns the supernova can be averted.
Deadly Disease
A deadly disease strikes one of your planets and halves population growth (effectively halving food production). To find a cure you have to assign population to research. After enough research points are accumulated, a cure is found and the food production is restored.
Planet mineral richness increase/decrease
Either through a random discovery of new mineral deposits or random depletion of existing ones the production rating of a planet can increase or decrease one grade, respectively. The player has no control over discovery or depletion of mineral deposits.
An earthquake strikes one of your planets. Earthquakes come in minor or major varieties, both will destroy buildings on the planet in varying amounts.
Computer Virus
A computer virus is detected and in effect cuts your total research In half.
Population Boom
A population boom doubles the growth rate at a planet for a random amount of turns, until the population boom subsides. Both the start and the end of the event is announced over GNN.


Home > Wildlife > Cool Articles > How To: Spot a Jaguar in the Wild
How To: Spot a Jaguar in the Wild
Although the chances of spotting a Jaguar in the wild are slim, many guides and guests have stories and pictures to prove that if you are very lucky, it can happen. Here are some things you can do to increase your odds of seeing the largest cat in the Amazon in its natural habitat.
 1. Take a trip to the Tambopata Research Center (TRC). While staying at Refugio Amazonas you only have a 2% chance of seeing a Jaguar and an even lesser 1% percent chance at Posada Amazonas, at TRC, your odds increase to 12%.
 2. Hop in a boat. The best place to spot a jaguar is the river bank. In the jungle they camouflage very well and can be nearly impossible to notice. Also, Jaguars prefer to river banks to rest and find their food which consists of capybara, deer, peccaries, turtles, caimans, birds, agouties, and fish.
 3. Be very quiet and stay still. Jaguars have binocular and color vision and a heightened sense of hearing. In most cases they are able to detect humans before we can spot them.
 4. Go looking during the day. The jaguar is active 60% of the day and unlike the the Puma and Ocelot, who only hunt at night, the Jaguar can look for food during the day.
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How to Color and Style the Console Output
Symfony 6.0 is backed by SensioLabs.
How to Color and Style the Console Output
By using colors in the command output, you can distinguish different types of output (e.g. important messages, titles, comments, etc.).
By default, the Windows command console doesn't support output coloring. The Console component disables output coloring for Windows systems, but if your commands invoke other scripts which emit color sequences, they will be wrongly displayed as raw escape characters. Install the Cmder, ConEmu, ANSICON, Mintty (used by default in GitBash and Cygwin) or Hyper free applications to add coloring support to your Windows command console.
Using Color Styles
Whenever you output text, you can surround the text with tags to color its output. For example:
// green text
// yellow text
// black text on a cyan background
// white text on a red background
The closing tag can be replaced by , which revokes all formatting options established by the last opened tag.
It is possible to define your own styles using the Symfony\Component\Console\Formatter\OutputFormatterStyle class:
use Symfony\Component\Console\Formatter\OutputFormatterStyle;
//...
$outputStyle = new OutputFormatterStyle('red', '_TAG_', ['bold', 'blink']);
$output->getFormatter()->setStyle('fire', $outputStyle);
Any hex color is supported for foreground and background colors. Besides that, these named colors are supported: black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, white, gray, bright-red, bright-green, bright-yellow, bright-blue, bright-magenta, bright-cyan and bright-white.
If the terminal doesn't support true colors, the nearest named color is used. E.g. _TAG_ is degraded to red or _TAG_ is degraded to yellow.
And available options are: bold, underscore, blink, reverse (enables the "reverse video" mode where the background and foreground colors are swapped) and conceal (sets the foreground color to transparent, making the typed text invisible - although it can be selected and copied; this option is commonly used when asking the user to type sensitive information).
You can also set these colors and options directly inside the tag name:
// green text
// red text
// black text on a cyan background
// bold text on a yellow background
// bold text with underscore
If you need to render a tag literally, escape it with a backslash: \ or use the escape() method to escape all the tags included in the given string.


Communications of the Association for Information Systems
Recently, RFID has emerged to be a promising technology to revolutionize the supply chain and logistics management. Currently there exists a sharp contrast between retailers in China and their counterparts in the United States with respect for RFID adoption. In the United States, big retailers like Wal-Mart are actively pursuing RFID by issuing mandates to their suppliers worldwide for RFID adoption. However, retailers in China never enjoy such a dominating role in pursuing RFID. To explore what is behind this phenomenon, in this paper, an analysis framework is proposed to develop decision support tools for RFID technology adoption analysis in retailers in China. The framework is realized in a service platform developed based on three principles to help reach mutual understanding between RFID vendors and customers in RFID technology adoption analysis. The framework is illustrated and validated through an example to demonstrate its feasibility to help to analyze the adoption of RFID technologies retailers in China. The technology analysis service platform integrates various tools enabling interactive and flexible analysis processes to understand how RFID technology can be adopted and used effectively in retailers in China and in logistics and supply chain management.


text:
Skip to Main Content
This paper presents a comprehensive time-domain model of the coupling capacitor voltage transformer (CCVT) to investigate the effect of CCVT subsidence transients on the distance relay. The studies show that voltage-zero subsidence transients can adversely impact the performance of the distance relay and result in the overreach problem. This paper also introduces a new approach to mitigate the effect of CCVT voltage-zero subsidence transients on the distance relay. The method is based on improving the degree of accuracy of the voltage phasor estimation during the CCVT subsidence transients. The proposed method is not affected by harmonics and high-frequency transient distortions of the voltage, and prevents the relay overreach problem even under high source impedance ratio (SIR). Moreover, the proposed method noticeably decreases the close-in fault clearance time under low SIR conditions, based on a fast current phasor estimation approach. The reported studies are conducted in the PSCAD/EMTDC software environment.
Date of Publication: April 2012


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Australian Bush Birds
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Index of Common Names and Scientific Names
The index lists scientific and widely used common names of birds in alphabetical order.
Clicking on an index entry containing both common name and scientific name opens the description for that species.
Clicking on an index entry containing only the common name for a group of bird (e.g. "Tern") opens the identification thumbsheet for that group of birds.


Pin Me
What is the Explanation of Maximum Duty Cycles for a Printer?
Some printers say they have a maximum duty cycle of 100,000 pages. And a recommended monthly duty cycle of 2000- 5000 pages per month. Why the difference? And what does the maximum duty cycle mean for laser printers when one is made by HP and the other by Lexmark or Kyocera Mita?
 - slide 1 of 5
 Maximum duty cyclesand different printers
 LexmarkLexmark T650n stock photo has printers rated for maximum monthly cycles of 200,000 pagesbut they recommend the monthly page volume for those printers actually be in the range of 3000-20,000 pages. (T650n MSRP $749.) HP has printers with monthly duty cycles of 225,000 pages, and their recommended print volume is 3000-1500 pages. (HP LaserJet P4015n printer, MSRP $1199.)
 - slide 2 of 5
 So what is a maximum duty cycle, anyhow?
 Obviously, the maximum monthly cycle is not a number that really affects how many pages you should expect to print a month. Some speculation in different articles and forum postings on the Internet suggest that the maximum monthly cycle may be related to how many pages you could expect to print in a month without causing it to malfunction or damaging it permanently.
 Most of the practical information on the Internet said that, because the duty cycle in printers varied so much between manufacturers, and because each company's maximum numbers differed from their recommended numbers, it was of very limited utility in deciding whether to buy a printer.
 Don't, however, buy a printer with a maximum duty cycle of 2000 pages a month, and routinely print 5000. The printer is not meant to stand up to such high use. Parts will wear out far sooner that their expected lifetime and may cost you a great deal more in service calls.
 - slide 3 of 5
 What can you learn from the maximum duty cycle?
 To get a measure of use out of what the maximum duty cycle means for laser printers, do some approximations based on your normal volume of printing. If the recommended monthly average is from 3000 – 20,000 pages, divide the highest number by two. If you print more than 10000 black and white pages a month, you should consider getting a printer rated for a higher recommended duty cycle. If you are printing in color, remember that your print head is going across each page four timesand divide the maximum recommended number by four. If you are going to be printing more than 5000 pages in color a month, or a combination of color and black and white that is approaching the maximum recommended number, you should think about getting a printer rated for a higher maximum duty cycle. And remember, if you are doing duplex printing, you should multiply those sheet numbers by two.
 - slide 4 of 5
 What you should consider before buying a laser printer
 More importantly, for choosing the best printer for your needs, look at the supplies. If you are printing 5000 pages a mHP LJ cm2320 mfc stock Photo onth, and your printer has a 250 sheet paper tray, you are going to be putting new paper into the printer practically every work day. If your toner cartridge is rated for 2000 pages, you are going to replace that two to three times a month as well. Those toner cartridges are expensive. That personal sized laser printer is probably going to need its fusor changed a lot more often than the Lexmark T650n's standard 300000 pages too.
 Look for a printer where you can get a high yield printer cartridge that will last you a couple months, minimum. And get a printer that has the ability to add on paper trays until you can pack a week's worth of paper into the printer at a time. For your 5000 pages of printing, try to get trays that add up to at least 1000 sheets and a toner cartridge that gives you 20000 average copies.
 Find out what parts need to be replaced on the printer throughout its lifetime. There are drums, fusers, and rollers, filters, and sometimes developer, depending on the printer. Check fuser prices and the number of pages you can print before you need to replace the fuser unit. Remember, replacing the fuser can often cost half the price of buying the printer. However, the printer is a plastic box with trays, a few gears, memory, and the interface to the printer, without the fuser. When you replace the fuser, there is no reason why you will not get another 300000 pages of printing.
 - slide 5 of 5
 How to pick a printer
 HP Laser Jet p1505n image In conclusion, while knowing what the maximum duty cycle of a printer is can be a shortcut to eliminating certain printers from your searchor a pointer to go to a more powerful printerthe numbers themselves are not all that important. Look at what you need your printer to do and pick some models that look like they can handle the volume of printing you need. Then look at all the other variables of things you need to buy besides the printer itself, to give yourself the total cost of ownership for each one. Then you can make an informed decision that will suit your needs without being a money pit.
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Racism and Sexism are Attacking Your Cells! Understanding Oppression in Your Body
Oppression, such as racism and sexism, has a physiological impact on the body. Learn exactly how the stress of oppression impacts the cells in your body and how it can lead to short-term ailments such as headaches and fatigue, and long-term disabilities such as cancer.
Tuesday, May 26, 2015 - 6:30pm
Mercado La Paloma
3655 S. Grand Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90007


597
How do I checkout just one file from a git repo?
9
27 Answers 27
276
Originally, I mentioned in 2012 git archive (see Jared Forsyth's answer and Robert Knight's answer), since git1.7.9.5 (March 2012), Paul Brannan's answer:
git archive --format=tar --remote=origin HEAD:path/to/directory -- filename | tar -O -xf -
But: in 2013, that was no longer possible for remote _URL_ URLs.
See the old page "Can I archive a repository?"
The current (2018) page "About archiving content and data on GitHub" recommends using third-party services like GHTorrent or GH Archive.
So you can also deal with local copies/clone:
You could alternatively do the following if you have a local copy of the bare repository as mentioned in this answer,
git --no-pager --git-dir /path/to/bar/repo.git show branch:path/to/file >file
Or you must clone first the repo, meaning you get the full history:
 - in the .git repo
 - in the working tree.
 - But then you can do a sparse checkout (if you are using Git1.7+),:
 - enable the sparse checkout option (git config core.sparsecheckout true)
 - adding what you want to see in the .git/info/sparse-checkout file
 - re-reading the working tree to only display what you need
To re-read the working tree:
$ git read-tree -m -u HEAD
That way, you end up with a working tree including precisely what you want (even if it is only one file)
Richard Gomes points (in the comments) to "How do I clone, fetch or sparse checkout a single directory or a list of directories from git repository?"
A bash function which avoids downloading the history, which retrieves a single branch and which retrieves a list of files or directories you need.
With Git 2.40 (Q1 2023), the logic to see if we are using the "cone" mode by checking the sparsity patterns has been tightened to avoid mistaking a pattern that names a single file as specifying a cone.
See commit _PHONE_ (03 Jan 2023) by William Sprent (williams-unity).
(Merged by Junio C Hamano -- gitster -- in commit ab85a7d, 16 Jan 2023)
dir: check for single file cone patterns
Signed-off-by: William Sprent
Acked-by: Victoria Dye
The sparse checkout documentation states that the cone mode pattern set is limited to patterns that either recursively include directories or patterns that match all files in a directory.
In the sparse checkout file, the former manifest in the form:
/A/B/C/
while the latter become a pair of patterns either in the form:
/A/B/
!/A/B/*/
or in the special case of matching the toplevel files:
/*
!/*/
The 'add_pattern_to_hashsets()' function contains checks which serve to disable cone-mode when non-cone patterns are encountered.
However, these do not catch when the pattern list attempts to match a single file or directory, e.g. a pattern in the form:
/A/B/C
This causes sparse-checkout to exhibit unexpected behaviour when such a pattern is in the sparse-checkout file and cone mode is enabled.
Concretely, with the pattern like the above, sparse-checkout, in non-cone mode, will only include the directory or file located at '/A/B/C'.
However, with cone mode enabled, sparse-checkout will instead just manifest the toplevel files but not any file located at '/A/B/C'.
Relatedly, issues occur when supplying the same kind of filter when partial cloning with '--filter=sparse:oid=<oid>'.
'upload-pack' will correctly just include the objects that match the non-cone pattern matching.
Which means that checking out the newly cloned repo with the same filter, but with cone mode enabled, fails due to missing objects.
To fix these issues, add a cone mode pattern check that asserts that every pattern is either a directory match or the pattern '/*'.
Add a test to verify the new pattern check and modify another to reflect that non-directory patterns are caught earlier.
17
 - 2
 @Tilo: not sure, but it should be possible, considering the clone has been a full one.
 – VonC
 Jan 11, 2012 at 7:02
 - 3
 How's this better than "git checkout HASH path-to-file" as noted in other answers? was that just not available at the time?
 – 0x6A75616E
 Aug 30, 2012 at 17:47
 - 2
 @juand the idea was to not have to load the all working tree before doing git checkout.
 – VonC
 Aug 30, 2012 at 18:04
 - 2
 btw we can use git archive now. Sep 10, 2013 at 7:14
 - 1
 This git show command for obtaining file content from a bare repo is EXACTLY what I was looking for. Thank you!
 – Vanna
 Jul 19, 2020 at 16:46
259
First clone the repo with the -n option, which suppresses the default checkout of all files, and the --depth 1 option, which means it only gets the most recent revision of each file
git clone -n git://path/to/the_repo.git --depth 1
Then check out just the file you want like so:
cd the_repo
git checkout HEAD name_of_file
15
 - 12
 While literally this does check out a single file, it's almost certainly not what the OP wants to do, since they will have all of the files (and the checkout is a no-op anyway).
 – Cascabel
 Mar 17, 2010 at 23:58
 - 5
 I don't think this even works - with -n the work tree and index end up in sync. That is, all content shows up as deleted. You have to either git reset HEAD or git checkout HEAD file. It's also really difficult to work with the repository at this point unless you really understand how git works.
 – Cascabel
 Mar 18, 2010 at 0:06
 - 3
 And if the OP and OOPs like DanielElliott really just want the file (not the repo) adding another rm -rf .git to NickMoore's script would clean up all traces of the cloned repo and perhaps allay Jefromi's concern about having a hard-to-use repo laying around. Makes it very useful for me for several applications, like my challenge today to build a post-receive hook to update the version of another post-receive hook automagicaly.
 – hobs
 Aug 10, 2012 at 0:56
 - 10
 This is a much better answer than the accepted. Glad I kept reading. Oct 2, 2014 at 21:51
 - 8
 This answer is the best (but git is not the best for this kind of work). This answer is also valid for this question, or this other popular one, and many other ones: change name_of_file to name_of_folder. Git in nowadays (2014s) offer submodules to repo-owner offer some por friendly for repo-users. Nov 1, 2014 at 12:13
119
If you already have a copy of the git repo, you can always checkout a version of a file using a git log to find out the hash-id (for example 3cdc61015724f9965575ba954c8cd4232c8b42e4) and then you simply type:
git checkout hash-id path-to-file
Here is an actual example:
git checkout 3cdc61015724f9965575ba954c8cd4232c8b42e4 /var/www/css/page.css
5
 - 13
 You can use a tag or branch name, too, not just the hash. Those are often easier. Apr 17, 2015 at 22:27
 - 4
 Good solution. But if path-to-file is a directory, and current HEAD contains certain file while target does not, (or vice versa), this will not correctly update the file. Is there a way to handle?
 – MasterMind
 Mar 14, 2018 at 6:32
 - 2
 Simpler and better. Thanks!
 – Kerem atam
 Jun 1, 2018 at 9:28
 - error: pathspec. Is the path the path on the local PC or the path on the remote PC? Feb 6, 2020 at 12:44
 - 1
 @PaulMcCarthy - local
 – techexpert
 Feb 12, 2020 at 18:09
98
Normally it's not possible to download just one file from git without downloading the whole repository as suggested in the first answer. It's because Git doesn't store files as you think (as CVS/SVN do), but it generates them based on the entire history of


text:
Greater Prairie Chicken
The greater prairie chicken (Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus) is a type of grouse. Native to central North America, the greater prairie chicken is extirpated in Canada, but continues to live in parts of the United States, in particular in Kansas, Nebraska and South Dakota. In Canada, the greater prairie chicken lived in southern Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, as well as in southern and western Ontario. It was first listed as extirpated in 1990. The bird's disappearance in Canada was due primarily to the conversion of its natural habitat, grassland, to farmland. The greater prairie chicken is culturally significant to Siksika (Blackfoot) and Plains Cree First Nations in Canada, and lives on in their prairie chicken powwow dance.


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Crack Growth Resistance Curve (R-Curve) in context of calculate fracture toughness
09 Aug 2024
Tags: calculate fracture toughness
Title: Crack Growth Resistance Curve (R-Curve): A Comprehensive Review of its Application in Calculating Fracture Toughness
Abstract: The crack growth resistance curve (R-curve) is a fundamental concept in fracture mechanics, which describes the relationship between the crack growth rate and the applied stress intensity factor. This article provides an in-depth review of the R-curve, its significance in calculating fracture toughness, and the various methods used to generate and analyze this curve.
Introduction: Fracture toughness is a critical material property that determines the resistance of a material to crack propagation under various loading conditions. The crack growth resistance curve (R-curve) is a powerful tool for evaluating the fracture toughness of materials. It provides valuable information on the material's ability to resist crack growth and ultimately, failure.
Theory: The R-curve is typically generated by conducting a series of constant amplitude fatigue tests at different stress levels. The test specimen is subjected to cyclic loading, and the crack growth rate (dC/dN) is measured as a function of the applied stress intensity factor (K). The R-curve can be represented mathematically using the following equation:
R = K^2 / E * (1 - ν)
where R is the crack growth resistance, K is the stress intensity factor, E is the Young's modulus, and ν is Poisson's ratio.
Formula: The R-curve can also be expressed in terms of the J-integral, which is a measure of the energy release rate:
R = J / (1 - ν)
where J is the J-integral.
Methods for Generating R-Curves:
 1. Constant Amplitude Fatigue Testing: This method involves conducting a series of fatigue tests at different stress levels, with the crack growth rate measured as a function of the applied stress intensity factor.
 2. Dynamic Fracture Testing: This method involves conducting dynamic fracture tests, where the specimen is subjected to a sudden impact or loading, and the crack growth rate is measured as a function of time.
 3. Numerical Simulation: This method involves using numerical simulation techniques, such as finite element analysis (FEA), to generate R-curves.
Analysis of R-Curves: The R-curve can be analyzed using various methods, including:
 1. Curve Fitting: This method involves fitting the experimental data to a mathematical model, such as a power law or exponential function.
 2. Interpolation: This method involves interpolating between the experimental data points to generate a smooth curve.
Applications: The R-curve has numerous applications in various fields, including:
 1. Materials Science: The R-curve is used to evaluate the fracture toughness of materials and predict their behavior under different loading conditions.
 2. Aerospace Engineering: The R-curve is used to design and analyze aircraft structures, such as wings and fuselages.
 3. Nuclear Engineering: The R-curve is used to evaluate the fracture toughness of nuclear reactor components and predict their behavior under various operating conditions.
Conclusion: The crack growth resistance curve (R-curve) is a powerful tool for evaluating the fracture toughness of materials. This article has provided an in-depth review of the R-curve, its significance in calculating fracture toughness, and the various methods used to generate and analyze this curve. The R-curve has numerous applications in various fields, including materials science, aerospace engineering, and nuclear engineering.
References:
 1. ASTM Standard E1820-15: Standard Test Method for Analysis of Fracture Toughness (KIC, KIS, and KIT) Data.
 2. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III: Rules for Construction of Nuclear Power Plant Components.
 3. NASA Technical Report R-132: Crack Growth Resistance Curve (R-Curve) for Titanium Alloys.
ASCII Format:
R = K^2 / E * (1 - ν)
R = J / (1 - ν)
Constant Amplitude Fatigue Testing:
Dynamic Fracture Testing:
Numerical Simulation:
Curve Fitting:
Interpolation:
Materials Science:
Aerospace Engineering:
Nuclear Engineering:
Calculators for 'calculate fracture toughness'


text:
Rocket 4D Very Large Volume EvaporatorSource: Genevac Inc.
The Rocket Evaporator uses patented vacuum technology to evaporate solutions to dryness, or a concentrate, rapidly and safely.
The Rocket Evaporator uses patented vacuum technology to evaporate solutions to dryness, or a concentrate, rapidly and safely. Two models are offered: the Rocket itself, which evaporates samples in flasks, tubes, or a variety of innovative Genevac sample holders; and the Rocket 4D, designed to evaporate large sample volumes, with auto feed if required. The split cutaway illustration, showing part of the Rocket 4D on the left and the Rocket on the right, highlights their distinct and common features.
Using a single, common, oil-free vacuum pump, the Rocket creates two vacuum environments: a low vacuum causes the solvents in the sample to boil at a low temperature, often below 0°C; a second vacuum environment boils deionized water to make low temperature, low pressure steam. The temperature of the steam heating the vessel or flasks in the Rocket is controlled in this way; while the temperature of the aluminum outer chamber is also carefully controlled at the user's set temperature.
Features of the Rocket 4D:
- Removable 316 stainless steel vessel – holds up to 5 liters of sample (batch mode), or can be used to evaporate larger samples with auto feed.
- Auto feed coupling enables large volumes of solvent to be fed into the evaporation vessel under control of the evaporator, to ensure safe, rapid evaporation or concentration.
- Autofeed option with sample feed via center of inner lid.
- Auto-draining frost-free solvent condenser collects all solvents as liquids. Plastic coated glass for safety and visibility.
- Easy to use controls. Select the method for the solvents to be evaporated set the maximum safe temperature and start.
- USB upload of new methods and software and download of recorded data.
- Built in second condenser for most volatile solvents.
- Waste solvent drains.
- High power heaters with temperature control for outer chamber.
- Outer chamber


text:
We're helping children thrive.
The ECLT Foundation funds and operates projects in tobacco-growing communities worldwide to help end child labour.
Each project is:
And each project addresses the ECLT Foundation's five strategic objectives:
We work in targeted areas—with multiple stakeholders specific to each community—to do whatever it takes to address the root causes of child labour.
Key Intervention Projects (KIPs) help ECLT and its stakeholders to develop new ways to build steps towards the mission of eliminating child labour in tobacco growing communities.
Read about our work in our Project Countries throughout the world.
- To determine how to fund our projects:
- We identify tobacco-growing areas most in need.
- We assess the extent of child labour in these areas, and what is being done—and what needs to be done—to end it.
- We take into account each community's social and economic context, cultural diversity, and national and international laws governing child labour.
- We partner with the most qualified local organizations, institutions, and stakeholders to conduct sustainable projects to eliminate child labour in tobacco growing.


Call Break Card Game Rules | How To Play Call Break Card Game
how to play call break card game rules
In this step-by-step call break rules for solo, online, and multiplayer, we will teach you how to play call break like a pro!
At first glance, Call Break looks like a complicated card game with many rules. But, I assure you, it is a piece of cake.
When you understand the basic rules, all you need to do is practice. You can practice by playing solo or online. So, download our free call break card game for android now or play it online on your browser.
Like other card games, if you want to become a pro player, you might need to remember cards and learn to trick opponents. You will learn this skill with experience. So, before you start playing with your friends, we recommend you to practice the rules in offline single-player mode.
With our app, you will become habituated to the rules in no time. Then, you can play the multiplayer mode.
Before we jump into the rules of the call break game, let me warn you. Callbreak has interesting gameplay, so can be very addicting.
Important Call Break Card Game Rules
These are the main callbreak rules that you should remember.
 1. Spade is the trump suit of the game.
 2. A spade card will defeat any card of other suits– no matter the rank. For example, 2 of Spade has more power than Ace of any other suit.
 3. The game is played in 5 rounds. The players take turns to deal the card. Usually, each player picks a random card from the deck to decide the first dealer. The one who gets the lowest card should shuffle and deal the first round in clockwise direction.
 4. The player sitting left to the dealer should make the first call. However, in some parts of Nepal, the game is played counter clockwise direction. So, the player right to the dealer starts the game.
 5. The dealer makes the last call.
 6. A set is completed when each player throws one card each. The player with highest card wins the set. The winning player collects the cards in each set. The total number of cards is counted at the end of the round to determine the points. Usually, the game is won after 5 rounds. Players can also decide the number of rounds with mutual understanding.
 7. When a player throws a card, the other player must throw a higher card of the same suit. If they don't have a higher value card of the same suit, they are free to throw any card of the same suit.
 8. When a player doesn't have any card of the suit being played, he must throw a spade card. If he doesn't have any spade card, he can then throw any card of his choice.
 9. A round should be re-dealt in the following cases: a) If one of the players doesn't get any spade suit (trump) card. b) If one of the players doesn't get any face card (J, Q, K, A) of any suit. c) The sum of the individual calls (bet) is less than 8.
Why Is The Game Called Call Break?
Call break is a game of collecting the highest amount of points in the defined number of rounds.
Since players receive negative points if they fail to reach their called bet, trying to break opponents' Call is one of the winning strategies of this game.
If someone gets negative points, it's very hard to recover. So, in a game, other players often use tricks to break the call of the leading player.
The game is called Call Break because of this strategy. The negative marking feature of the game appeals even to experienced players.
How To Play Call Break Card Game– Game Play, Game Economics, and Objectives
Call break is a 52-cards game. It is played among four players. Each player gets 13 cards each, in each round. It is a turn-based game. In Nepal and some parts of India, the game is played in an anti-clockwise direction. However, these days, the game is also played in the clockwise direction similar to other card games. It is also called call bridge in some part of India.Our call break app uses a clockwise turn.
The game starts when a dealer distributes the cards turn-by-turn to every player. The player with highest points wins the game.
TRUMP CARD: Spade suit is the trump card in every call break game.
Total Time Needed :
Total Cost:
Required Tools:
– A Computer or an Android phone
Things Needed?
– Our call break Android app or our online game.
– 30 minute of your time
How to play callbreak game step-by-step:
select dealer callbreak
1. Selecting Dealer in Call Break
The first dealer is usually selected by picking a card from the deck. Each player picks one card, and the player with the lowest value card deals the first round. The first dealer can also be selected by flipping a coin or randomly.
The player sitting left to the dealer has to deal the card in the next round. Each player takes turns to deal the cards.
The dealer has to deal the card one at a time to each player until everyone receives 13 to change this text.
call points call break
2. Call and Card Confirmation
When all the cards are dealt, the player sitting left of the dealer starts the call. Call is the possible number of hands one can win in a round. Players should hide the cards from each other because call break is a game of tricks and deceits.
All 4 players strategically call the number of sets they think they can win in the round. The minimum amount of calls is 1. So, no matter what kind of card you get, you must at least call 1 point.
Remember, if you bet (call) higher, there is the risk of negative points.
After everyone makes their bet, the sum of the call is calculated. If the total call is less than 8, the cards are re-dealt.
Also, if someone didn't receive a Face card (J, Q, K, A) of any suit, they can ask the dealer to redistribute the cards. The cards are also redistributed if any one of the players doesn't get a spade card of any rank.
call break game play
3. The Game Play
The first card is thrown by the player sitting next to the dealer. If you are playing in Nepal or some part of India, the first bet is made by the player sitting counter clockwise to the dealer. In other places and in call break apps or online call break games, the game is started from the left-hand side of the dealer.
The first person can play card of his choice. The following players then should place the same suit card of higher value than the lead card. For example, if the first player throws '9' of Hearts, the next player should throw '10' or higher card of Hearts, and the third player should also throw a higher card of the Hearts, and so on. If the subsequent player doesn't have a higher card, he can throw any card. But, the card should be of the same suit.
However, if any player doesn't have the suit being played, he can throw a spade card. The spade card triumphs over any cards of other suits. Furthermore, if the players don't have a trump suit as well, they can throw any card of their choice.
When a trick is won, the player who wins the set starts the next bet by throwing a card of his choice.
The game set continues until all 13 cards are played. When all cards are played, it is called a round. The points are then calculated. We will talk about the points in the game economics
Callbreak card games are usually played for 5 rounds.
game play callbreak
4. Objective of Call Break Card Game
The main objective of each player is to get the most points at the end of 5 rounds. The players should always try to win the exact number or higher number of sets as per the Call at the start of the round.
For example, if a player called 3 on the round, he should win at least 3 sets. Otherwise, he will get a score of '-3'.
game economics
5. Game Economics – Evaluation Of Points
When all the 13 cards are played, one round is completed. Points are calculated at the end of each round. The points are evaluated based on the number of calls they make at the start of the round.
Points are equivalent to the calls. If a player wins a lower number of sets than the Call, he gets negative points equivalent to the Call. If someone scores more sets than their call, they get extra 0.1 points for each extra set they win.
For example, if player A calls 3 and wins 3 sets, he gets 3 points. If player B calls 4 and wins 6 sets, he will get 4.2 points (4+0.1+0.1). If player C calls 4 as well but wins only 2 sets, he will get -4 points.
When a round is complete, the points are evaluated and allocated to the players. Whoever gets the highest points at the end of the game, wins the game. The game can be 5 rounds long, or as long as the players want.
Many online callbreak


How to: Specify That Deletes Should Not Be Tracked For Merge Articles (Replication Transact-SQL Programming)
Note
This feature will be removed in a future version of Microsoft SQL Server. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature.
By default, merge replication synchronizes DELETE commands between the Publisher and Subscriber. Merge replication enables you to retain rows in the subscription database even when they have been deleted from the publication, and vice versa. You can programmatically specify that DELETE commands be ignored when creating a new article or you can enable this functionality at a later time using replication stored procedures.
Important
Enabling this functionality will result in non-convergence, which means that data present at the Subscriber will not accurately reflect data at the Publisher. You must implement your own mechanism for manually removing deleted rows.
To specify that deletes be ignored for a new merge article
To specify that deletes be ignored for an existing merge article
 1. To determine if error compensation is enabled for an article, execute sp_helpmergearticle (Transact-SQL) and note the value of delete_tracking in the result set. If this value is 0, deletes are already being ignored.
 2. If the value from step 1 is 1, execute sp_changemergearticle (Transact-SQL) at the Publisher on the publication database. Specify a value of delete_tracking for **@property**, and a value of false for **@value**.
 Note
 If the source table for an article is already published in another publication, the value of delete_tracking must be the same for both articles.


text:
Three of the members of the Smithereens met in Carteret High School.
- The city of Rahway was originally known as Spanktown. According to legend, the name was derived from one of the prominent settlers being known for publicly chastising his wife.
- The Battle of Spanktown took place on February 23, 1777, when American forces under General Maxwell fought and defeated a British brigade. The American casualties were reported as 3 dead and 12 wounded, compared to 500 British dead.
- A mint in Rahway was the first in the country to print coins bearing the inscription E. Pluribus Unum.
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