Making a multilingual site with Next.js - Part 3
- 7 min
If you ended up here for this third part and did not see the first nor the second, I highly suggest you take a look at those first. In the previous section, we dealt with the creation and listing of content for the languages and ended the project there.
However, some commented that it would be interesting to add translated slugs, for example: in English the "about" page open at and its corresponding version open at In this article, I show you how we can create such functionality. Let's start!
But first...
In the previous articles, the function for changing languages was implemented. But when the page was refreshed, it returned to the default language, which caused a certain annoyance. This behavior is not the best, so it is important to solve this issue. Fortunately, it is not difficult at all to implement, with just a few lines of code.
Local Storage
Local Storage is a way that JavaScript provides us to save information in the user's browser, so that it will be available on a next visit. Many use it to make simple authentication or to save options, such as light and dark modes, for example.
The logic used here does not differ from that of a theme change, the change is that language will be saved instead. Small modifications to only two files are needed. The files are: the Header component and theLanguageProvider language context. If you fell from another dimension and did not see the two previous articles and nothing makes sense to you until now, I warned you at the beginning of the article! Go there and check the previous articles, and then come back here!
Here is the code for the Header component:
import { useContext } from "react"
import { useRouter } from "next/router"
import Navigation from "../Navigation"
import Logo from "../Logo"
import { LanguageContext, locales } from "../../intl/LanguageProvider"
interface Props {
 className?: string
 children?: React.ReactNode
const Header: React.FC = ({ className, children }) => {
 const headerClass = className || "header"
 const [locale, setLocale] = useContext(LanguageContext)
 const router = useRouter()
 function handleLocaleChange(language: string) {
 if (!window) {
 const regex = new RegExp('^/(${locales.join("|")})')
 localStorage.setItem("lang", language) // This line saves the language option!
 router.push(router.pathname, router.asPath.replace(regex, '/${language}'))
 return (

 handleLocaleChange("en")}>EN
 handleLocaleChange("pt")}>PT
export default Header
In Header, the method localStorage.setItem ('lang', language) was used to save the language choice by clicking on the corresponding button. What this method does is basically add a 'lang' key with the acronym of the chosen language. You can check this in the Application area of your browser's inspector, in the Local Storage section.
The LanguageProvider is as follows:
import { createContext, useEffect, useState } from "react"
export const defaultLocale = "pt"
export const locales = ["pt", "en"]
export const LanguageContext = createContext([])
export const LanguageProvider: React.FC = ({ children }) => {
 const [locale, setLocale] = useState("pt")
 useEffect(() => {
 if (!window) {
 // Captures the language information saved by the Header component
 const language = localStorage.getItem("lang") || locale
 }, [locale])
 return (

Here the localStorage.getItem ('lang') method captures the saved information from the language choice, and applies it if it exists. Now when updating the page, the language you selected stays there.
Finally... Let's create the translated slugs...
Nothing prevents you from creating files in the /pages folder, with the desired title, such as /kontakt.tsx for a contact page in German. It will work perfectly, but let's be honest: it is not the best way to do the job. We should be able to provide a way for pages to be created dynamically, with a standard template, changing the content and slug according to the language.
If you think about it, a similar thing is done with our posts area in this project. To achieve this, just modify the library we created for the posts (/lib/posts.ts) to include our new translated pages. But avoid duplicate code, instead of creating a /lib/pages.ts file with practically the same content as /lib/posts, I decided to unify everything in a single library that I called lib/files.ts.
The content of this file is as follows:
import fs from "fs"
import path from "path"
import matter, { GrayMatterFile } from "gray-matter"
import remark from "remark"
import html from "remark-html"
const postsDirectory = path.resolve(process.cwd(), "content", "posts")
const pagesDirectory = path.resolve(process.cwd(), "content", "pages")
// Collects all file names in the folders specified with the sctructure ['en/']
export function getAllFileNames(directoryPath: string, filesList = []) {
 const files = fs.readdirSync(directoryPath)
 files.forEach((file) => {
 if (fs.statSync('${directoryPath}/${file}').isDirectory()) {
 filesList = getAllFileNames('${directoryPath}/${file}', filesList)
 } else {
 filesList.push(path.join(path.basename(directoryPath), "/", file))
 const filteredList = filesList.filter((file) => file.includes(".md"))
 return filteredList
// Sorts posts by date
export function getSortedPostData() {
 const fileNames = getAllFileNames(postsDirectory)
 const allPostsData = => {
 const id = fileName.split("/")[1].replace(/\.md$/, "")
 const fullPath = path.join(postsDirectory, fileName)
 const fileContents = fs.readFileSync(fullPath, "utf-8")
 const frontMatter: GrayMatterFile = matter(fileContents)
 return {
 ...( as {
 lang: string
 date: string
 category: string
 return allPostsData.sort((a, b) => {
 if ( < {
 return 1
 } else {
 return -1
// IDs for posts or pages
export function getAllIds(type = "post") {
 const dir = type === "page"? pagesDirectory : postsDirectory
 const fileNames = getAllFileNames(dir)
 return => ({
 params: {
 id: fileName.split("/")[1].replace(/\.md$/, ""),
 lang: fileName.split("/")[0],
// Collects data from the markdown file and makes it available
export async function getContentData(id: string, type = "post") {
 const fullPath = path.join(dir, '${id}.md')
 const frontMatter = matter(fileContents)
 const processedContent = await remark().use(html).process(frontMatter.content)
 const contentHtml = processedContent.toString()
 return {
 ...( as { date: string; title: string }),
I created a type argument in some of the functions that will be used by both posts and pages. This because this argument identifies the directory in which the files will be read. By default, I left it configured to always search for posts. Since the file name has changed and so have the functions, it is necessary to update the imports in the files that use the new library.
Template for the dynamic page
Here is another page with a special name, to create a dynamic route. In this the parameter will be the 'id' of the file, which is captured by the function getAllIds() of the file lib/files. The file will be called [lang]/[id].tsx. Below is the complete code of the file.
import { GetStaticProps, GetStaticPaths, NextPage } from "next"
import { getAllIds, getContentData } from "../../lib/files"
import Layout from "../../components/Layout"
interface PageProps {
 locale: string
 pageData: {
 lang: string
 title: string
 slug: string
 date: string
 category?: string
 contentHtml: string
const SitePage: NextPage = ({ pageData }) => {
 const { title, contentHtml } = pageData
 return (

 dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: contentHtml }}
export const getStaticProps: GetStaticProps = async ({ params }) => {
 // Here is the argument to informa "page" as type,
 // so Next.js can search for page files, ignoring posts.
 const pageData = await getContentData('/${params.lang}/${}', "page")
 return {
 props: {
 locale: params?.lang || "pt",
export const getStaticPaths: GetStaticPaths = async () => {
 const paths = getAllIds("page")
 return {
 fallback: false,
export default SitePage
With this file, it is already possible to support pages created through Markdown. The markdown files use the following structure:
lang: pt
title: "Sobre"
Site made to showcase the creation of a bilingual website using Next.js. The tutorial is in an article on my blog. Feel free to view the source code, fork it, or even use it in your projects.
To better organize the files, I created a directory called /


text:
HCA, Hospital Corporation of America Hyperbaric Technician - Wound Care (Days) in San Antonio, Texas
General Statement of Duties :
The Hyperbaric Technician assumes responsibility for the safe and effective operation of the compression chamber system and supporting components. He/She accompanies patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen treatments in the chamber delivering care appropriate to his/her level of training. Also assists in wound care and other patient care as required.
Essential Job Functions :
Operates the compression chamber and supporting components and maintains operating, maintenance, safety logs and other required documentation, as specified in department policy.
Carries out hyperbaric oxygen treatment protocols as prescribed by the Hyperbaric Physician and actively participates in patient teaching pertaining to HBO treatments.
Prepares the hyperbaric chamber, equipment and materials needed for patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen treatments. Processes (cleans and stores properly) equipment/supplies used in the hyperbaric environment and/or department.
Observes patients and the hyperbaric systems during the course of hyperbaric oxygen treatments, reports unusual occurrences, and records appropriate entries in the medical record, as required.
Assists in wound care under the direct supervision of the Hyperbaric Physician(s) and/or Nurses, as required.
Performs required preventive and other maintenance under the supervision of a Senior Technician and/or Safety Specialist.
Minimum Education and Experience : Specific documented training and/or experience in compression chamber operations, including a demonstrated knowledge of decompression tables required within 12 months of date of hire.
Minimum License and Certificates Required : Certification as a Hyperbaric Technologist (CHT) preferred.
Title: Hyperbaric Technician - Wound Care (Days)
Location: Texas-San Antonio-Methodist Hospital
Requisition ID: 02531-72542

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
A sheath voltage limiter is an arrester that is used to clamp the voltage induced on the sheath of an underground high or medium voltage cable during a fault on the system. It is common practice when applying underground cable to only ground the cable sheath at one end of the cable, and leave the other end open. Leaving one ungrounded reduces circulating currents and losses during steady state operations. IEEE standard _PHONE_ indicates that typically distribution arresters can be used for this function. IEC Application guide 60099-5 soon to be published offers a formula to use to determine the voltage rating of the arrester, but does not offer any guidance regarding the energy handling rating.
The photo below is an SVL on a 69kV underground system in Lakeland Florida. A standard distribution arrester is being used. This is the first ever SVL I have seen on a transmission line riser pole.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
النشيد الوطني الفلسطيني فدائي | Palestinian National Anthem (AR/EN)
The Palestinian national anthem ( Fida'i), is the national anthem of Palestine. It was adopted by the Palestinian Liberation Organization in 1996, in accordance with Article 31 of the Palestinian Declaration of Independence from 1988. It was written by Said Al Muzayin (a.k.a. Fata Al Thawra, boy of the revolution), its music was composed by Egyptian maestro Ali Ismael, and it was known as the anthem of the Palestinian redemption.


text:
Interactions of Herbicide Atrazine with DNA Paperback / softback
New methods used for the detection of DNA hybridisation process, including electrochemical, optical scattering, surface plasmon resonance, nanogravimetric, and fluorimetric are described and their application in assays assessing DNA damage is discussed in this book.
The analyses of damage and alterations for the DNA in solution as well as for the DNA immobilised on core-shell gold nanoparticles and solid electrodes are presented.
These methods enable evaluating the degree of DNA damage caused by toxicants and can be applied to studies of the interactions of atrazine and other herbicides and pesticides with DNA.
- Format: Paperback / softback
- Pages: 66 pages, graphs, illus
- Publisher: Nova Science Publishers Inc
- Publication Date: 15/10/2010
- Category: DNA & Genome
- ISBN: 9781617289088


text:
On May 19, 2011, Parks Canada celebrates its 100th anniversary, commemorating its founding in 1911 as the world's first national parks service. Preceding the creation of the National Park Service in the United States by more than five years, the federal government of Canada created a new unit within the Department of the Interior, known as the Dominion Parks Branch, to oversee and administer the country's forest reserves and a nascent assemblage of western national parks. Over the course of the next century this government agency would, as Canadian historian Claire Campbell writes, "convince Canadians that in their national parks resided the true wealth of a kingdom."
In recognition of this occasion, the Network in Canadian History and Environment sponsored the publication of a new edited collection called A Century of Parks Canada, _PHONE_ that explores episodes of Canada's national parks history from coast to coast to coast. This book is the first to be published in NiCHE's Canadian History and Environment series in partnership with the University of Calgary Press as an open access publication. Listeners can download a digital copy and order a print copy today from the book's website.
This book features the work of leading environmental history researchers who met to circulate papers covering a range of topics in Canadian national parks history, including wildlife management, archaeology, Aboriginal peoples and parks policy, population displacement, auto-tourism, and hunting.
On this episode of the podcast, we speak with the editor of A Century of Parks Canada, Claire Campbell, and two of the contributing authors, George Colpitts and Gwynn Langemann.
Please be sure to take a moment and review this podcast on our iTunes page.


can
 check the "New Server Window" checkbox and press the OK button.
 Added "New Server Window" menu item to options toolbar button
 holding down the Shift key when you select a server from the
 popup menu.
 Added multi-server dialog to connect/options dialog.
 New commands and identifiers:
 $cid - returns server connection id for current script
 $wid - returns window id for current script
 $status - returns server connection status. Also returns
 "closing" during the on disconnect event if the
 status window being closed is the cause of the
 $activecid, and $lactivecid.
 You can also specify a property which is a command name
 and it will be called using that server connection.
 /scid <-rsatM | N> [command], where N is a $cid value
 /scon <-rsatM | N> [command], where N is the Nth connection
 original id for that script.
 -a - perform the command on all connection ids.
 -tM - where M is an or'd value of 1 = server connected,
 The command is only performed if N matches the connect
 status of the connection id.
 you want the identifiers to be evaluated in the target
 connection, you must pass them as $!identifier to prevent
 them from being evaluated first in the current connection.
 Also added new properties to $window():
 .type - returns window type name
 and $timer():
 .cid - server connection id
 .wid - window id
 .hwnd - window handle
 and connects, -n creates new server window without connecting.
 Misc. notes:
 Windows whose server connection has been closed are placed
 at the end of the switchbar list. This includes things like
 DCC send/get/chat, and custom windows.
 server connections, DCC sends/get/chats, etc.
 The tray icon displays the animation for the current active
 server connection, same goes for the Connect toolbar button,
 and File menu.
 Each server connection has it's own /play list, and the play
 dialog shows the play list for the current active connection.
 Urls list "Send To" menu, and Tray popup menu, show the network
 and nickname for each status window.
177.Added /timer -i switch, makes a timer auto-associate with the
 currently active server connection.
 /timer now shows the associated network name for a timer.
178.on PLAYEND is now triggered at the end of each played file.
179.Extended /ignore, /protect, etc. handling.
 Changed display format in Control dialog listbox.
 /ignore -l now displays the unignore time.
 /ignore -l, when you're not connected to a server, lists all
 ignores. When connected, it lists all ignores that apply to
 that connection.
 Also note that isaop, isavoice, isignore, and isprotect all
 apply to the current connection.
180.Added /window switches:
 When a _USER_ is created, it is automatically associated
 with the current connection. If that connection is closed,
 the _USER_ is associated with the next available connection.
 You can change this behavior with /window -ivz:
 -i - makes a _USER_ dynamically associate with the currently
 if this setting is active.
 -v - closes window when associated status window is closed
 The on close event is triggered for the window.
 If this switch isn't used and the status window is
 and is associated with the first available status window.
 -z - places window button at end of switchbar
181.The. prefix now makes /debug quiet. Extended /debug to allow
 output to a custom _USER_ or filename.
 /debug -c off closes associated _USER_
 /debug -n _USER_ opens _USER_ minimized
 /debug -pt wrap or timestamp text
 /debug N _USER_ use color N for text
 $debug returns name of debug file or _USER_.
 /debug now works independently for each server connection,
 indents lines if not wrapped, and prefixes each line with
 the server address, and <- and ->.
 /debug _USER_ now also works with listbox _USER_.
182.Active switchbar button now uses bold text and shaded background.
183.Using new path-splitting routines which affect eg. $nopath().
184.Auto-tile/cascade/arrange are no longer triggered when you close
 a desktop window.
185.Fixed switchbar/toolbar display glitch when mIRC window is sized
 to a very small height.
186.Fixed $findfile() bug when handling wildcards with numbers.
187.$chan is now filled for the on ctcpreply event if it was a channel
 ctcp message.
188.Ctcp messages that use an invalid format are now treated as plain
 text, and will trigger script events.
189.Added "Control+Tab uses switchbar order" to General dialog.
15/06/2001 - mIRC v5.91
1.Fixed $eval() bug.
2.Link control in custom dialogs triggers sclick event again.
3.Fixed $var() bug.
4.Fixed /channel display info bug.
5.Standardized on the word 'color' in identifiers and commands, and
 in the help file.
6.For Undernet servers CHANTYPES is now set to #&+ by default.
7.Fixed install program always creating desktop shortcut icon.
8.Fixed mIRC taskbar icon being redisplayed in some situations after
 you've minimized mIRC to the tray.
9.Fixed function keys not working in non-joined channel window if
 "keep open" switch is turned on.
10.Fixed tab completion not working with $? and $input properly.
11.Fixed /userhost not updating IAL.
12.Added ctcp and whois protection options, and queue op commands
 option, to Flood dialog.
13.Fixed window icon highlighting when switchbar is turned off.
14.Added support for numeric 005 NETWORK=name token (not supported
 by any servers at this time) which tells the IRC client the name
 of the IRC network it's connected to, eg. NETWORK=DALnet.
15.Fixed status window log filename not being updated when a new day
 begins and you have when the "log by day" option enabled.
16./font can now handle quotes around font name.
17.Fixed script editor dialog 64k limit bug.
18.Fixed Info section not working in address book if you typed in
 a nick and pressed the ctcp ping, etc. buttons.
19.Fixed the way /dialog and $dialog() windows are centered around
 other windows.
20.Fixed numeric 433 triggering script twice if nickname in use.
21.Fixed dir -b not displaying bytes in fileserver.
22.Added "Method" and "Notify list" options to Nick color list Add
23.mIRC now supports servers that send a /names list which contains
 a full nick!id@host format in the reply, enables mIRC to fill the
 IAL on joining a channel (no servers do this yet, so this hasn't
 been tested).
24.Fixed fserve max cps feature not being turned off if set to zero.
25.Fixed $rand() behavior.
26.Can now /filter blank lines by specifying $crlf for matchtext.
27.Added "Use query for notify nicks" option to IRC dialog.
28.Fixed switchbar right-click popup menu bug.
29.Fixed $readini() not handling filename enclosed in quotes.
30.When you have the "keep channel open" option enabled, mIRC now
 clears the nicklist if a channel window is open but not joined.
31.The listbox in the Control dialog is no longer sorted.
32.Fixed $regsub() not returning original text if there were no
 substitutions, and not handling backreferenced values correctly
 when global modifier is used.
33./tokenize now correctly resets all $N to $null if no parameters
 are specified.
34.Can now use $style() in custom dialog menu definitions.
35.Added Up/down buttons to Control dialog to allow re-arranging
 of listbox entries.
36.Fixed Control+H scroll bug.
37.Improved the way $null is handled in scripts.
38.mIRC now reroutes text to the status window if it can't display
 text in the current window, eg. a picture _USER_.
39.Added $window().ontop property.
40.Fixed Line marker bug when text buffer reached maximum buffer
 size in Options/General dialog.
41.Fixed font size bugs, relating to positive/negative font sizes,
 in /font, $width(), $height, $wrap(), /drawtext, /window, etc.
42.Fixed $readini() bug when used without the -n switch.
43.Added "Blink icons" option to Display dialog, blinks switchbar
 icons for channel/query windows if there's a message/highlight
 event, or a flash event.
44.Fixed!$identifier not prefix bug.
45.Fixed editbox bug in 16bit mIRC under win3.x.
46.Added /drawrect [-d] x y w h [w h], draws rounded rectangle,
 must specify width and height of ellipse used to draw corners.
47.Notify no longer triggers on a nick change if nick has only
 changed case.
48.Added "monitor file changes" option to Editor


text:
We describe the setup of testing regions for the China Earthquake Forecast Testing Center and provide preliminary forecast results in the scope of the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP) project. We investigate the spatiotemporal variations of the completeness magnitude Mc by using the frequency‐magnitude distribution of the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC) catalog. We find three periods of significantly different Mc histories: (I) 1 January 1970–30 September 2001, (II) 1 October 2001–30 September 2008, and (III) 1 October 2008–31 August 2011. Mc mapping provides median values, 2.2, and 1.6 for the three periods of time, respectively, showing the improvement in catalog completeness over time. We recommend using data from periods II and III to define a baseline long enough for retrospective forecast testing. Small magnitude events from period I should be used with caution due to important fluctuations in completeness. For period III, coordinates of all national and regional seismic stations are available, and we therefore apply the Bayesian magnitude of completeness (BMC) technique, mapping Mc continuously by using prior information on the relationship between Mc and the density of seismic stations. We define four potential testing/collection areas for CSEP‐China: (A) All China, (B) North–South Seismic Belt (NSSB), (C) North and West Xinjiang Seismic Region, and (D) North China Seismic Region. In the current phase of CSEP‐China, only the NSSB (region B) is considered. To demonstrate the type of earthquake predictability experiment that will be performed in the Chinese Testing Center, we present a series of retrospective forecast experiments with TripleS, a smoothed seismicity model.
Online Material: The CENC earthquake catalog (1 January 1970–31 August 2011, restricted to magnitudes M≥3.0) as well as completeness magnitude Mc(x,y) spatial grids.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Queued Documents
When you print a letter, it goes to the Queued Documents. Letters can be printed from Mailing Lists, Letter Templates, and Communication Plans. The Queued Documents view shows you all the letters that are scheduled to be printed (Print Queue) and those that have already been printed (Recent Jobs). Here's how you'd handle printing a one-page letter that you're sending to a 50-person mailing list:
 1. You send the job to Queued Documents.
 2. You find the job in Queued Documents and decide to print the job from a PDF.
 3. A 50-page PDF containing the copies of the letter you're sending to each recipient is downloaded to your computer.
 4. You open up the PDF and print it from there.
 5. You then go to Recent Jobs, locate the job, and print envelopes for the letters you just printed.
Queued Documents
Here's where you'll find all pending print jobs.
 1. Filter the list to show jobs from certain people, certain templates, and/or certain layouts. For example, you could choose to show all jobs sent by you with the Acceptance Letter template using the Grad-Arts Acceptance Layout.
 2. Choose whether you want to print from a PDF or ODT. You can print each job one-at-a-time using the individual PDF or ODT links or, if all of the jobs have the same layout, print all the jobs at the same time (Print All Selected...).
 3. The print job disappears from the list as soon as you print it. Populi generates a single document that's downloaded to your computer that you can then print.
 - If you print a single job, then the document will only contain the pages from that job.
 - If you use a Print All Selected... button, the document will contain all the pages from all of the jobs shown in the filter. Remember, this only works if all of the jobs have the same layout!
Recent Jobs (printing envelopes and mailing labels)
In Recent Jobs, you can print envelopes and mailing labels as well as re-print previous jobs. The print jobs remain here for seven calendar days. Here's how to do those things:
 1. To re-print a job, click either the PDF or ODT link. This generates a document that's downloaded to your computer...
 2. To print envelopes or mailing labels, click under Print Envelopes.
 3. Select the layout and format you wish to use.
 4. Click Print when you're ready. This generates a file that's downloaded to your computer...
Was this article helpful?
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 - 0
 Pamela Smith
 Sir, I found the documents but the template is not correct; how do I correct it?
 - 0
 Pamela Smith
 And this list is 4 years old, can someone call me please? _PHONE_
Article is closed for comments.


text:
Pollution in Border Reservoir Worries Armenia
Future health of the vital water resource ultimately depends on restoration of ties between Armenia and Turkey.
By Yeranuhi Soghoian in Gyumri (CRS No. 492, 8-May-09)
Armenian environmentalists fear the important reservoir dividing their country from Turkey is increasingly polluted, posing dangers to the health of people consuming crops grown from its waters.
The Akhurian reservoir is a crucial asset to both Armenia and Turkey. Holding 525 million cubic metres of water, it irrigates almost 104,000 hectares of agricultural land in both countries.
The reservoir, which entered into active service in 1980, straddles 20 kilometres of the state border in the middle reaches of the Akhurian river.
Armenian researchers first raised the alarm after delving into the ecosystem of the reservoir a few years ago. They say the water system is polluted with heavy metals and different toxic materials.
But with no cooperation between Armenian and Turkish ecologists, they fear there is little they can do about it.
The ecologists say the reservoir contains no self-cleaning mechanisms that can either absorb or remove excess traces of heavy metals.
These move from one biological system to another, interacting with various living organisms and having potentially dangerous consequences for humans who consume them.
"Our investigation discovered small concentrations of heavy metals in the reservoir that can't be overlooked," said Levon Martirosian, head of the of the Geophone Research Institute that carried out the survey.
"Heavy metals can intoxicate the cultivated vegetation through irrigation water; these pollutants also accumulate in different fish tissues."
Heavy metals and their compounds can penetrate into the human body through mouth, skin and mucus membrane. They exit through the kidney, liver, stomach, gut membrane, perspiratory glands and salivary glands, infecting the organs as they do so.
A characteristic feature of mercury and lead intoxication is stomatitis, complicated by gum erosion, ulcers and bleeding, while arsen and copper poisoning more often results in gastric problems. Blood intoxication is accompanied by hematocytolysis (more characteristic of arsen and copper poisoning) and anemia.
Martirosian says his team became aware of the problem in the reservoir after a Swiss company bought a 60-hectare apricot orchard near the reservoir a few years ago.
Intending to export the fruit, the company wanted packages with labels designating the fruit an ecologically clean product.
For this purpose, they ordered an examination of the irrigation water. And so, in 2002, environmental research on the ecosystem of the Akhurian reservoir began.
From the start, the Armenian specialists knew their survey would be incomplete, because they had no means of finding out the quantity or dynamics of harmful substances penetrating the reservoir from the Turkish side.
Since the 1980s, Armenian and Turkish officials have met monthly from spring till autumn in the village of Jrapi to talk over the issue of water and particularly the Akhurian reservoir.
But these meetings solely concern the amount of water to be released for irrigation, while other issues are not addressed.
Owing to the lack of official cooperation or sharing of environmental information between ecologists, Martirosian visited Turkey in a private capacity to sound out some contacts.
"I went to Kars for three times as a tourist in 2004 and 2005 because it was impossible to organise an official visit connected with our investigation," recalled Martirosian.
"I tried to find some environmental organisation or stakeholders there but it was useless.
"There wasn't a single public organisation with which to start even informal cooperation."
Moreover, on his visit to Kars, Martirosian spotted some alarming sights: a leather recycling plant in the town and a sugar factory on the outskirts.
The expert says he feared waste from those plants might be flowing into the reservoir through the river Kars.
An additional area of concern is the amount of domestic garbage flowing into the lake from the river Akhurian on the Armenian side.
The river Gyumri also carries sewage to the reservoir. The amount of waste brought in by another river, the Kars, is not yet known.
Armenian ecologists want a more detailed survey of the entire reservoir ecosystem, including surveys on the territory of neighbouring Turkey.
They want an investigation into the annual dynamics of the water, micro-flora and fauna, as well as the local foliage and particularly the cultivated vegetation areas irrigated by the reservoir.
The reservoir is now almost half a century old – fruit of the once cordial relations between Turkey and the old Soviet Union.
A mixed Soviet-Turkish commission signed the agreement to construct the lake on April 25, 1963. The agreement regulated the flow of four rivers into the lake – the Akhurian, Kars, Karakhan and Chorli.
Seyran Minasian, head of the Laboratory Investigations Department of the Environmental Impact Monitoring Centre (part of the Armenian environment ministry), who took part in the survey of Akhurian reservoir ecosystem in 2002, is more optimistic than some of his colleagues.
He maintains that the extent of heavy metal pollution is not as alarming as some say and that levels of concentration are not dangerous.
But Minasian agrees that the Turkish government is unlikely to be much concerned about pollution in the remote east of the country.
"We know the Turkish government carries out water monitoring but prefers not to spend money on the eastern regions of the country," he said.
"It's obvious that the quantity, not quality, of the Araks and Akhurian rivers water is what's most important for Turkey."
The Armenian side, in turn, says that since 2006, at the request of the environment ministry, the Environmental Impact Monitoring Centre, has been surveying the reservoir periodically.
But Minasian says these investigations cost money, and even richer, developed countries only monitor water whenever it is necessary.
Many river protection groups in Europe and America successfully involve community members in research and monitoring works.
These groups mainly consist of high-school pupils and residents of the river and reservoir areas. They participate in special seminars, which explain the impact of water and environmental pollution to local people. It often turns out that as a result, people simply stop polluting the environment.
Meanwhile, Armenian researchers say the issue of starting a dialogue with Turkey on the reservoir, its maintenance and development, remains a primary goal.
Artush Mkrtchian, head of the Caucasus Business and Development Network Gyumri office, links the fate of the reservoir to the overall issue of the closed borders.
He has been working in the field of Armenian-Turkish relations for nine years, organising programmes aimed at creating dialogue between the estranged peoples.
Mkrtcian has always believed the borders will re-open some day, mainly as a result of European Union pressure on Turkey.
"Turkey's long-standing attempts to become a member of the European Union as well as Armenia's own economic and national interests mean that sooner or later they will open the borders, " said Mkrtchian.
He notes that business cooperation between the two countries has quietly grown in recent years.
As one example of collaboration, he cites an agreement hateched in 2007 between cheese-makers from Gyumri in Armenia, Ninotsminda in Georgia and Kars in Turkey to market a single product.
As a result of this cooperation, a new brand of "Caucasian" cheese was launched in Gyumri in May 2008, whose label notes that it was produced in all three towns. Producers from Georgia and Turkey came to Armenia for the event.
Currently, there are similar plans to market a new brand of Caucasian wine, involving vintners from Cappadocia in Turkey and the Ararat Valley.
Artush Mkrtchian notes that trade between the two countries has always been active, and is currently worth about 100 million US dollars a year.
Mkrtchian says the problems concerning dialogues between businessmen occur mainly when those businessmen have close ties to their respective political structures.
As for the ecological problems, he believes their resolution hangs on the success, or failure, of the current efforts to end the Turkish-Armenian diplomatic impasse.
"Water resources are state property, which means that the problem should be talked over by the governments of Armenia and Turkey," he said.
"But these countries simply do not exist for each other [diplomatically]. Hence, the problem will remain unresolved until the establishment of diplomatic relations."
Levon Martirosian, of the Geophone ecological organisation, says international pressure on both sides remains the reservoir's best hope.
Steps should be taken to ensure the opening of a dialogue with Turkey through the mediation of some international ecological organisation or other stakeholders.
There have been several successful examples of international mediation in environmental matters in the region in recent years.
Since 2006, for example, branches of the international conservation organisation WWF in Armenia and Germany and Armenia's environment ministry have been working on a programme to protect the Armenian-populated Samtskhe Javakheti region in Georgia, which Armenians call Javakhq, and the Shirak region in Armenia. The programme is funded by the German government-owned development bank, KFW.
The programme aims to maintain the biological diversity of the uplands of the Javakhq and the Shirak regions and support local communities through the creation of the Arpi Lake National Park.
Initially, three countries were involved in the programme – Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. But as Azerbaijan refused to join, Turkey's participation is being discussed, because the Shirak region borders also with Turkey.
Goyets Shuerholts, an international expert on land-utilisation issues, says European countries are very interested in water protection issues well beyond Europe's borders.
"From an ecological view borders don't exist, as the elements


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hlw Keeble Hawson helps Leeds employers get compliant in GDPR countdown
With just one week to go before the May 25th deadline of the new general data protection regulation (GDPR), hlw Keeble Hawson is offering Leeds businesses an 'Employer GDPR Pack' to help them comply with their obligations.
Lauren Pickard, senior associate at the firm says a significantly raised standard for consent when it comes to collecting; storing and processing personal data lies at the heart of the new legislation.
She said: "Under GDPR, data cannot be processed without a 'lawful basis for processing' such as consent. If consent is relied upon, every employee will have to give informed, explicit consent for personal information to be taken and they will have the right to expect total transparency about how that information is used."
Lauren recommends that employers conduct a simple internal data-mapping exercise to establish key facts which include what information is collected, who is collecting it, how and why it is being collected – as well as how information will be used, how long it will be retained and why.
"Being equipped with vital information and facts such as with whom information will be shared; how it effects individuals concerned and whether the intended use is likely to cause individuals to object or complain – will enable employers to draw up a picture of how data flows through their organisation," she added.
"Helping companies to understand what constitutes personal data and exactly what happens to that data, this mini audit will enable them to draw up what is known as a privacy notice – a key document setting out agreed protocols for handling different types of information within the business. The importance of a robust privacy notice cannot be underestimated and it is worth seeking expert advice to ensure it is constructed in accordance with the expectations of GDPR."
Fines of up to €20,000,000 or 4% of a firm's annual turnover can be imposed for non-compliance. hlw Keeble Hawson's Employer GDPR Pack contains the following information:
- Letter of advice about employer GDPR obligations;
- GDPR Data Protection Privacy Notice;
- GDPR Data Protection Policy;
- Information Security Policy;
- Subject Access Requests Policy;
- Criminal Records Information Policy;
- Record Retention Policy;
- Data Mapping Advice;
- Letter to issue to staff to notify them of the new policies and privacy notice; and
- Privacy notice and letter specific to job applicants.
If you would like to purchase our pack or for more advice please contact Lauren Pickard on 0114 _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_


Job Parameters as Import Task Variables
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See Also
Use job input parameters as variables during an import task, for example to:
· Detect value change in sorted import records.

· Reduce database trips.
If you know the sort order of records in the external file, you can simplify definition and maintenance of import SQLs. Because part of the processing only needs to be done when a value change is detected in the sorted column(s), the import task is also likely to be faster.
Database trips are a performance drain. You can reduce the number of database trips if data manipulation during an import task can be deduced from data in the import records. Instead of re-querying the database for each imported record, keep track of data changes locally.
To use a job input parameter for tracking value change in sorted import records.
1. Define a parameter set with a set element that has the same data type as the value to be tracked.
2. Define a SQL task preceding the import task, in which you initialize the job parameter to a suitable default value.
3. You can now include import SQL statements that are conditional on the value of the import record having changed (or not) relative to the previous record. In a WHERE clause, compare the value of the current record to the value of the job parameter.
4. At the end of the import task, define an import SQL statement setting the parameter to the sort value of the current record. This way, you can compare it with the value in the next import record.
To use a job input parameter for reducing database trips.
1. Define a input parameter set with a set element that has the same data type as the value in the database that you do not want to re-query.
2. Define an import SQL statement retrieving the current database value into the job parameter.
3. Define further import SQLs, referring to or manipulating the job parameter without re-querying the value in the database.


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2. ἐν + Dative for Content
Rare is the usage of the simple dative to denote the content that is used by a verb of filling. For ἐν + the dative, this usage is debatable.
Normally, a verb of filling takes a genitive of content; rarely, a simple dative of content. However, we know of no clear examples in biblical Greek in which ἐν + the dative indicates content. We should, therefore, seek some other nuance in such instances, as in Eph 5:18 (discussed below ).
Eph 5:18 πληροῦσθε ἐν πνεύματι
be filled [with, by, in] [the] Spirit
To see ἐν πνεύματι here as indicating content is grammatically suspect (even though it is, in many circles, the predominant view). Only if the flow of argument and/or the lack of other good possibilities strongly point in the direction of content would we be compelled to take it as such. There are no other examples in biblical Greek in which ἐν + the dative after πληρόω indicates content. Further, the parallel with οἴνῳ as well as the common grammatical category of means suggest that the idea intended is that believers are to be filled by means of the [Holy] Spirit. If so, there seems to be an unnamed agent.
The meaning of this text can only be fully appreciated in light of the πληρόω language in Ephesians. Always the term is used in connection with a member of the Trinity. Three considerations seem to be key: (1) In Eph 3:19 the "hinge" prayer introducing the last half of the letter makes a request that the believers "be filled with all the fullness of God" (πληρωθῆτε εἰς πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ θεοῦ). The explicit content of πληρόω is thus God's fullness (probably a reference to his moral attributes). (2) In 4:10 Christ is said to be the agent of filling (with v 11 adding the specifics of his giving spiritual gifts). (3) The author then brings his argument to a crescendo in 5:18: Believers are to be filled by Christ by means of the Spirit with the content of the fullness of God.
Though only one of my two examples below is "Biblical Greek" (if you consider the Apocrypha to be Biblical), could these be considered instances "in which ἐν + the dative indicates content"?
Ignatius to the Smyrneans, Salutation:
Ἰγνάτιος, ὁ καὶ Θεοφόρος, ἐκκλησίᾳ θεοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ ἠγαπημένου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἠλεημένῃ ἐν παντὶ χαρίσματι, πεπληρωμένῃ ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀγάπῃ, ἀνυστερήτῳ οὔσῃ παντὸς χαρίσματος, θεοπρεπεστάτῃ καὶ ἁγιοφόρῳ, τῇ οὔσῃ ἐν Σμύρνῃ τῆς Ἀσίας, ἐν ἀμώμῳ πνεύματι καὶ λόγῳ θεοῦ πλεῖστα χαίρειν.
Ignatius, who [is] also God-bearer, to the church of God the Father and of the beloved Jesus Christ, which has obtained mercy in every gift,, which has been filled with faith and love, not lacking in2 which is1 any gift, most worthy of God and bearing holy things, which is in Smyrna of Asia, in3 a blameless4 spirit5 and6 the word7 of God.8 abundant1 greetings2.
- Brannan, R. (2011). Apostolic Fathers Greek-English Interlinear. Logos Bible Software.
γυνὴ ἀνδρεία εὐφραίνει τὸν ἄνδρα αὐτῆς, καὶ τὰ ἔτη αὐτοῦ πληρώσει ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
A loyal wife brings joy to her husband, and he will complete his years in peace. (NRSV)


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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Woods Hole, Massachusetts
Woods Hole is a census-designated place and village within the town of Falmouth in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, at the extreme southwest corner of Cape Cod, near the island of Martha's Vineyard, and is the site of three famous scientific institutions: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the Marine Biological Laboratory, and the Woods Hole Research Center. It is also the site of a United States Coast Guard station (The USCG Group Woods Hole) and the terminus of a ferry route between the cape and Martha's Vineyard. The Steamship Authority As of the 2000 census, the village had a total population of 925.
Woods Hole is located at 41°31'36" North, 70°39'47" West (41.526730, −70.663184).
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 925 people, 459 households, and 212 families residing in the village. The population density is 165.3/km² (427.9/mi²). There are 942 housing units at an average density of 168.4/km² (435.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the village is 94.70% White, 1.62% African American, 0.54% Native American, 1.84% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.22% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. 0.97% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Of the 459 households, 14.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.7% are married couples living together, 5.4% have a female householder with no husband present, and 53.6% are non-families. 40.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 17.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 1.94 and the average family size is 2.58.
In the village, the age of the population is spread out, with 13.5% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 27.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 48 years. For every 100 females, there are 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 88.7 males.
The median income for a household in the village is $47,604, and the median income for a family is $57,969. Males have a median income of $31,964 versus $31,875 for females. The per capita income for the village is $30,752. 5.3% of the population and 0.0% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 0.0% of those under the age of 18 and 6.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


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Integrating Social Media into Your Web Design
As the digital landscape continues to evolve, businesses are constantly seeking innovative ways to engage with their audience. One such method that has proven to be highly effective is the integration of social media into web design. This article will delve into the importance of this integration, how it can be achieved, and the benefits it can bring to your business.
Why Integrate Social Media into Your Web Design?
With over 3.6 billion people worldwide using social media, it's clear that these platforms have become an integral part of our daily lives. For businesses, this presents a golden opportunity to connect with potential customers, build brand awareness, and drive traffic to their websites. By integrating social media into your web design, you can leverage these platforms to enhance your online presence and boost your business growth.
How to Integrate Social Media into Your Web Design
Integrating social media into your web design is not as daunting as it may seem. Here are some effective strategies that you can implement:
Social Media Icons
One of the simplest ways to integrate social media into your web design is by including social media icons on your website. These icons should link directly to your social media profiles, allowing visitors to easily connect with you on these platforms. Ensure that these icons are prominently displayed on your website, such as in the header or footer, to maximise visibility.
Social Sharing Buttons
Social sharing buttons allow visitors to share your content on their social media profiles with just a click. This not only increases the reach of your content but also drives more traffic to your website. Consider adding these buttons to your blog posts, product pages, and other shareable content.
Social login allows users to sign in to your website using their social media accounts. This simplifies the login process, enhancing the user experience. Moreover, it can provide you with valuable user data that can be used to personalise your marketing efforts.
Social Media Feeds
Integrating social media feeds into your web design allows you to display your latest social media posts directly on your website. This keeps your website content fresh and encourages visitors to engage with your social media profiles.
Benefits of Integrating Social Media into Your Web Design
Integrating social media into your web design can bring numerous benefits to your business:
Social media platforms are designed for interaction, making them perfect for engaging with your audience. By integrating social media into your web design, you can foster a community around your brand, encouraging visitors to interact with your content and with each other.
Social media can also contribute to your SEO efforts. Search engines consider social signals, such as likes and shares, when ranking websites. Therefore, the more your content is shared on social media, the better your chances of ranking higher in search results.
Enhanced Brand Awareness
Social media platforms are excellent for building brand awareness. By integrating social media into your web design, you can showcase your brand personality and values, helping to build a strong brand image.
Social media can drive a significant amount of traffic to your website. By making it easy for visitors to share your content and follow you on social media, you can attract more visitors to your website, potentially leading to increased sales and revenue.
In today's digital age, integrating social media into your web design is no longer an option but a necessity. It allows you to connect with your audience on a deeper level, enhance your online presence, and drive business growth. Whether you're a small business owner in Derby, a marketing manager in Nottingham, or a company director in Sheffield, integrating social media into your web design can bring significant benefits to your business.
At Chatsworth Media Ltd, we specialise in web design, development, and digital marketing services. We understand the importance of social media integration and are committed to helping our clients leverage these platforms to their advantage. If you're ready to take your web design to the next level, don't hesitate to contact us today.
1. Web Design: _URL_
2. SEO: _URL_
3. Digital Marketing: _URL_
4. Photography: _URL_
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10. E-commerce Website Designers: _URL_


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25% weight reduction of a PP suitcase
Taking into account the weight restriction applied by most of the Airline Companies, our customer required us find solutions to reduce weight of a full PP suitcase.
To significantly reduce the suitcase weight, by keeping product specification (functionality, robustness and aesthetic) and respecting production consstrain (max injection machine clamping force).
- Study of an injection pattern which allow a significat thickness reduction without increasing the injection pressure.
- Moldflow simulation to define the product before the mould manufacture
- Design and engineering of main shells and accessories
- Design and manufacture of moulds for shells and accessories
- Trial and validation
Turn a technical solution into an aesthetical proposal
The possibility to reduce thicknesses without increasing too much the ineection pressure has been achieved through a dedicated flow leaders pattern, which has also an aesthetical function.
A deep MoldFlow study has allowed to find a pattern with differentiated thicknesses which grants high dimensional stability, even filling and big weight reduction.
Each saved gram counts, by respecting aestethic and functionality: the strict cooperation with final costumer and style designer brought to detailed analysis of each single components of the suitcase (shells, wheels, handles, hooks) and to select for each of them geometries and materials most suitable for the project needs.
Product/process enginnering and validation
By combining simulation and prototyping the geometry of each component has been defined and then the mould list with related configuration was choosen, for the full range : big, medium and cabin size.
n.6 single cavity moulds for shells
n.3 four cavity moulds for 2k wheels
n.3 four cavity moulds for hooks
n.3 four cavity moulds for handles
n. 2 two cavity moulds for rear handle
The moulds have been produced simultaneously under the full responsibility of the Meccanica Generale Group; the samples produced during the trial have been tested, including very severe crash tests.
PPlight, the lightest PP suitcase on the market
With an overall weight below 4kg (medium size), the PPlight is the lightest PP suitcase on the market.
In addition to the above, the lightness of PPlight is environmental friendly, as it requires production, process and transport of much less materials, resulting into a reduced energy consumption and emission. For example, a preliminary LCA study indicates that every 100.000 suitcase produced, there is a saving of 270tons of CO2 emission and of 7000tons of water consumption.


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UNUSUAL GROWTH OF POLLEN TUBES IN THE OVARY OF PLUM GENOTYPES DEVELOPED AT FRUIT RESEARCH INSTITUTE ČAČAK (SERBIA)
Article (Published version)
MetadataShow full item record
Unusual growth of pollen tubes in different pollination variants (self-, cross- and open pollination) was observed in the ovary of six promising plum (Prunus domestica L.) genotypes developed at Fruit Research Institute (FRI), Čačak (hybrids 38/62/70, IV/63/81, 32/21/87, 34/41/87 and 22/17/87 and cultivar 'Nada') in Serbia. The cross-pollination was performed using the pollen of plum cultivar 'Čačanska Lepotica'. The occurrence of unusual pollen tubes growth in the ovary was studied over the three-year period (2009‒2011) using fluorescent microscopy method. The appearance of unusual growth of pollen tubes in the ovary of all studied genotypes during the whole examination period was recorded in the region of the obturator and the micropyle, with or without further growth of the pollen tubes to the nucellus. Several different types of unusual growth of pollen tubes were observed, i.e. the growth of pollen tubes in opposite direction in relation to the nucellus, the curling up of pollen ...tubes, the branching of pollen tubes, as well as combinations of some of the above mentioned types of specific pollen tubes growth. Average values of all analyzed genotypes showed that the highest frequency of the ovaries with unusual growth of pollen tubes was determined in the open pollination variant (7.89%), followed by the cross-pollination variant (6.27%), while the smallest frequency was found in the self-pollination variant (3.12%).
Keywords:Prunus domestica L. / promising genotypes / pollination variant / pollen tubes growth / ovary / unusual growth
Source:Agriculture and Forestry, 2019, 65, 1, 57-64
- Biotechnical Faculty of the University of Montenegro, Podgorica
Funding / projects:


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By Megan Goldin
NEOT KEDUMIM, Israel, July 22 (Reuters) - From the tempting apple of the Garden of Eden to the unleavened bread of the Israelite exodus from Egypt, the Bible has given researchers much food for thought.
Tova Dickstein, a researcher at Neot Kedumim, a 625 acre (250 hectare) park in central Israel that has been planted with herbs, crops and trees that covered the land more than 2,000 years ago, says ancient dishes can be found in biblical texts.
She has recreated biblical recipes by referring to the Bible, the Mishna -- a religious Jewish text from shortly after the time of Jesus -- a 2,800-year-old Mesopotamian cookbook and a recipe book by Roman gastronomist Apicius.
"Food was life and life revolved around food," she said.
Among the recipes Dickstein has rediscovered is a honey-dipped pancake called Ashishim made from crushed red lentils and sesame seeds. She believes Ashishim were eaten in King Solomon's court and are referred to in the Song of Songs.
Dickstein found a detailed description of the ingredients and cooking method for Ashishim in the Jerusalem Talmud, a Jewish text dating from around the fourth century, and together with Neot Kedumim's chef whisked up the biblical dessert.
"It's tremendously moving when you realise you have cooked a dish they ate thousands of years ago," said the chef, Nadav Granot.
The Ashishim are made by cooking 200 grams (7 ounces or 1.75 cups) of red lentils in a skillet, crushing them, adding 100 grams (3.5 ounces or 7/8 of a cup) each of flour and sesame seeds and two eggs and deep frying the mixture. A syrup made from honey is then poured over the cooked pancakes.
"It's a different taste from what we are used to," Dickstein said. "By tasting the food they ate and smelling the cooking aromas they smelt we can connect to the past".
LAND OF MILK AND HONEY
The food eaten by biblical characters ranging from Moses to Jesus was very different from the produce laid out today at Jerusalem's bustling Mahane Yehuda fruit and vegetable market or grown on the trees and in the fields of Israeli kibbutzim.
"Try to imagine a world without tomatoes, without eggplants, without zucchini, without rice, without corn, without oranges," Dickstein said. "Most of the ingredients in today's Mediterranean kitchen did not exist in those days."
Neot Kedumim's fields are planted with the seven species that grew in the Holy Land during the biblical period and constituted the greater part of the local inhabitants' diet: figs, dates, olives, grapes, wheat, barley and pomegranates.
Aside from ancient texts, much of the knowledge about food in biblical times is derived from archeological digs in the Holy Land where animal bones and dried-up seeds give experts information on the diet and lifestyle of the locals.
"People did not eat a lot of meat because they did not have large herds grazing lands," Dickstein said.
The staple foods were wheat and barley, lentils, beans, cheese and fruit. Watered-down wine was drunk liberally even at breakfast by farmers who ate bread, olives, vinegar and cheese. Dinner was lentils, cooked vegetables and bread.
"They ate twice a day. One meal in the middle of the work day and the main meal in the early evening," Dickstein said.
Using a text in the Mishna which details the food a wife should prepare for her husband every day, Dickstein calculated the calorie consumption during the biblical period was around 1,800 to 2,000 calories a day, about what it is today in the developed world.
A staple in the biblical pantry was fish sauce, which was used to season everything from barley to cooked vegetables.
But she acknowledges that with no information available on the palates of biblical people, it is impossible to reproduce ancient recipes precisely.
"They may have liked the food sweeter or saltier than us," Dickstein said.
Jews, who were forbidden by religious law from eating meat with milk, would make cheeses using the sap derived from fig leaves rather than animal enzymes as was done by many of the other peoples in the area at the time.
Making bread would take at least four hours, as the wheat or barley granules needed to be pounded into flour, the dough raised using a crude sourdough starter rather than yeast and the mixture baked in a fireplace.
Cooking food from the Bible is more than just an epicurean adventure, said Dickstein who is doing her doctorate on the subject. It is also a novel way to capture the imaginations of secular Israeli youths who feel little affinity for the Bible.
"Today people don't feel very close to the Bible. It's a period they don't understand. The language is difficult and they are taught from a religious point of view," Dickstein said.


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The Gateways of Wisdom
Gradually, Karl and I work out that our healing process involves holding a question or problem in our hearts and minds and journeying with it through the four Gateways and into the realms of Acceptance, Gratitude, Forgiveness, and Engagement to open up opportunities for healing and reconciliation. Each domain has its own Gateway of Wisdom.
As we approach a Gateway, we may read (or hear) an encouraging message that relates to our specific inquiry. Or we may listen to a more generic message, designed to open us up to its wisdom. For example, approaching Gratitude, we might hear something like this: "Allow your heart to soften as you contemplate the gifts you received from your loved one." Read more


Ramsey Muniz Uncategorized
A Grito for the Living Present by Ramsey Muniz
El Grito de Diez y Seis de Septiembre
Once again we celebrate the ultimate importance of this day in our history as a race. We are celebrating the truth of our ancestors who has made it possible for us to express to this world who we truly are and the reasons why freedom and justice continue to be a part of our lives.
It is written and told that Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, during the early morning of September 16, rang church bells and called on our indigenous ancestors of Dolores to rise from oppression, darkness, hunger, and injustice to proclaim to the world the independence of their nation. Sacred destinies from past writings constantly reveal that we as Mexicans, Hispanics, and Latinos would continue to rise until freedom and justice would become a part of our daily lives.
Within a period of months, Hidalgo's people had swelled to 100,000 strong – the largest army raised since the Aztecs (Mexicas), our ancient ancestors who made possible this uprising with hoes, machetes, clubs, outrage, faith, and a most spiritual desire for liberation that no one in the world would take again. In reality it is called the love of liberation.
It is historically written in ancient writings that we as a people and race would continue to rise and take back our God-given freedom and justice. On October 12, shortly after September 16, the battle was joined at Las Cruces, against the strong forces of the Spanish government. The entire world became aware that our people had risen from the ashes of injustice, slavery, oppression, and imprisonment, demanding the return of their land. Hidalgo, announcing for seven months the time to rise, was captured in Chihuaua. He was shot and decapitated by the Spanish government.
Here I remain confined in oppressive prisons maintaining the honor, valor, and courage to share that our history has just begun. Throughout the Southwest we seek political and spiritual power like never before. We witness the confinement and oppression of our sisters and brothers, concluding, as written in our ancient writings, that we would return to our promised land and share "El Grito de Dolores" from our hearts.
It is written that as we seek freedom and justice, the power of our spirituality will be present unlike before in the 21st century. This spiritual power is the rebirth of our search for God-given human rights and land.
Know who you are and what people before you died for. Always remember that our history is far from becoming a thing of the past. It is more alive, more contentious, and demanding than ever. A famous late Hispanic professor once stated, "A living present time cannot exist if the past is dead. Our history is the past, and very much alive in the present."
In exile,
Ramsey Muniz – Tezcatlipoca
By mopress
Writer, Editor, Educator, Lifelong Student
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Tolkien Gateway
Revision as of 10:27, 20 May 2007 by Elemmakil (Talk | contribs)
Bifur was a companion to Bilbo Baggins and Thorin Oakenshield on the Quest of Erebor. He arrived at Bag End in the company of his brother Bombur, and cousin Bofur. He fought and survived the Battle of Five Armies. Bifur was a descendent of Dwarves of Khazad-dum, but was not of Durin's line, which means that he was of either the house of the Firebeards or Broadbeams. Which most of the population of these two houses dwelt for all of the Second Age and the through the mid Third Age. It is possible that Bifur fought in the Battle of Dale during the War of the Ring.
The name of Bifur originates in a medieval poet collection Eddaand the list of dwarves in Völuspá, where it is written as Bívurr.
Members of Thorin and Company


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The registration of indigenous livestock and poultry breeds has increased to 169 so far, but more work needs to be done as 54 per cent of the country's livestock population remains unidentified even today, Agriculture Minister Radha Mohan Singh said.
Out of the 169 registered breeds, 41 are of cattle, 13 of buffalo, 42 of sheep, 28 of goat, 7 each of pig and horse, 9 of camel, one breed each of yak and donkey, among livestock.
At the beginning of the registration process, 129 breeds were registered.
In case of poultry, 18 breeds of chicken and one each of duck and geese has been registered. For the first time, breeds of yak, duck, and geese have also been registered, he said in a statement.
"But even today, 54 per cent of the country's livestock population is yet to be identified in the form of breeds," Singh said after giving away the animal breed registration certificates.
He said five out of nine newly-registered breeds are from North-Eastern states. "Still, there is a possibility of more breeds in these areas. …There should be the unique, stable and lesser-known population in other species like mule, yak, Mithun, duck, and quail which are yet to be identified."
With the advent of the era of national sovereignty on genetic resources under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the minister said a new approach is required to catalogue and describe the animal breeds.
The breed registration process assumes importance as there is a need to protect native animal genetic diversity in the light of Intellectual Property Rights and other trade issues.
Breed registration is an important step in documenting the animal genetic resource and related knowledge, which will lead to creation of an inventory so that systematic efforts can be made for genetic improvement, conservation and sustainable utilisation of these resources, the minister added.


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In a city of tweeting food trucks and Michelin-star restaurants, it was only a matter of time before San Francisco's fusion-food culture found a way into a chemistry class.
After all, chemistry is what we taste when we bite into a chocolate-drizzled double scoop of destabilized fat globules and Fragaria ananassa. We just call it a strawberry ice cream sundae.
Tami Spector, professor of chemistry, introduced the class, called Molecular Gastronomy, in spring 2011. It focuses on the physical and chemical processes of food and drink preparation.
The idea of the course is to introduce non-science students, many of whom find memorizing chemical formulas and reactions mind-numbing, to the intricacies of molecular chemistry using an accessible and interactive approach. Michelle Cancellier '12, an English major, said the class helped her and other humanities majors understand the abstract concepts that underlie chemistry—such as polymers, ionic charge, and chemical bonds—which can make the subject so challenging.
Spector incorporates common foods into the science lessons, including an in-class experiment that separates caffeine from tea to illustrate solubility and extraction. Another lesson has students whip up a batch of mayonnaise to learn about emulsions. Working with a palette of flavors from sweet to savory, students have isolated clove oil, created ice cream, pickled vegetables, and baked soufflés.
And they walk away from the course with a scientifically educated palate.


The Fourth Fisherman Review
Ernest Clevenger
1.5 Stars
August 15, 2012
The Fourth Fisherman by Joe Kissack starts out like a fable and develops into a true narrative. The drama alternates between chapters describing five lost fishermens' thousands of miles journey across the Pacific in a small boat, with three surviving, and the biography, perhaps memoirs, of Kissask.
Also lost is an explanation of why five well experienced fishermen in a small boat (where would they put the caught fish?) could get lost from the long Mexican Pacific coast. The eventual brief biographical description of three of the fishermen was helpful.
The tragedy of the fishermen's situation is gruesomely described in almost unbelievable, sickening, detail which continues in short story form throughout the book. Alternately, Kissack's prose chapters describes his fabulously wealthy success as a young adult to his seriously depraved spiritual condition, then recovery due to the amazing surviving fishermen.
As the creative religious story develops the reader is led to believe God may be the fourth fisherman; but the mystery is solved with a simple statement at the end of the book.
I received this book from WaterBrook Multnomah Press in exchange for an honest review.


Can you tell your Rock Pipit from a Meadow Pipit?
Meadow Pipit vs Rock Pipit
When you first spot a Pipit you might be forgiven for thinking you have spotted a small thrush of some kind
At the time of writing this article (mid March) the Pipits have started their mating flight. You can usually hear their song first - a repetetive "twit" which gradually speeds up (accellerando if you're a musician) should help you spot them as they energetically fly on an upward trajectory into the sky. Then at a certain calculated point they stop flapping and lock their wings and tail feathers gliding down to the ground like a paper plane. When they do this their song suddenly changes into a downward scale with longer "tweet"s like an electronic toy that has suddenly run out of battery. Now both the Rock Pipit and Meadow Pipit show off in this way. If the feet are visible you can also spot their super long hind claw.
Pipit hind claw
The most common Pipits are the Meadow Pipit and Rock Pipit
The Rock Pipit is larger and stockier built. The general impression is a scruffier grey/brown diffused colouring, Depending on the time of the year the beak and legs can be dark coloured (but not always!)
The Meadow Pipit gives an impression of a slender more 'graceful' look. It is a more yellow/brown colouring and the markings are much cleaner defined - a bit like a Song Thrush. The legs and beak are never dark with a yellow/orange tinge.
The other thing that will help you is location. Rock Pipits are never more than a few hundred metres from the edge of the sea often picking their way through the seaweed. If you see a Pipit more than half a mile from the sea you can almost certainly say it is not a Rock Pipit.
So why not test your knowledge and have a go at this quiz...
Try the Rock Pipit or Meadow Pipit Quiz
Please feel free to add your comment below...


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Claims & Responses about Cost-Effective Beaver Management
Claim: The Law is Expensive for Cities, Towns, and Property Owners
- Solving beaver problems used to be free - trappers used body gripping traps during recreational trapping season to remove problem beavers and now it costs a lot of money to hire a problem animal control agent, in part because box/cage traps are expensive for the trappers.
- Water flow devices are expensive.
- It is erroneous to say that beaver problems used to be solved for free when recreational trapping was allowed because trapping is not an effective, long-term solution for people experiencing problems with beavers; trapping beavers only opens habitat for others to move into and the problems occur again.
- Even when recreational trapping was allowed there were property damage costs that had to be paid - private landowners, major railroads, highway departments, public utilities, state and federal agencies, private businesses, and conservation groups have all experienced the expense associated with repeated dam breaching and constant culvert clearings.
- Compare the costs of daily labor and backhoe use for a highway department working to keep roadways clear with a one-time installation of a water flow device that will need minimal (once or twice annually) maintenance and will be effective for as long as 10 years. Beaver Solutions of Hadley, Mass., estimates that the average annualized cost of installing flow pipes in beaver dams is $370-465 per year over 7 years and the average annualized cost for culvert protection is $335-385 per year over 7 years.
- Even when the conibear trap was unrestricted, there were growing complaints about beaver. According to MassWildlife there were 270 complaints in 1993 and 405 in 1996, prior to any trapping restrictions. The trapping season is in the winter, so that trappers can trap when the pelts are prime, not when beavers may be active and causing conflict.
- Removing beaver endangers the wetland, which provides many benefits: water table and drinking water aquifer recharge; decreased erosion; reduction of waterborne particles and toxins; decreased downstream flooding; and maintenance of downstream flows during dry periods. One company alone, Beaver Solutions, has successfully prevented flooding and protected thousands of acres of wetlands by using water control devices in several hundred locations across the Commonwealth.


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Team Recreates Ancient Greek Kithara
Will demonstrate musical instrument, tell story of its building at Friday event
- By Jeffrey R. Wakefield
How do you create a three-dimensional design for an ancient Greek musical instrument when all you have to go on are flat two-dimensional images on vases and coins and a few timeworn statues?
That's the assignment Classics professor John Franklin and student Tanner Lake gave themselves in 2009 when they decided to recreate an ancient Greek instrument called a kithara, a seven-stringed version of the lyre used by professional musicians in public concerts, choral performances and competitions beginning in the seventh century B.C.
"We looked at any medium we could find to get the measurements and all the angles," Franklin said. Franklin and Lake also consulted ancient texts that described some elements of kithara construction.
Lake, a classics major who graduated in 2010, designed the instrument under Franklin's supervision.
The task of building the kithara fell to luthier John Butterfield of Butterfield Lutes in Seattle, who introduced his own design ideas when technical challenges presented themselves.
All three will be on hand on Friday, Feb. 15 at 4 p.m. in John Dewey Lounge to talk about the project and show off the product of their collaboration.
Franklin will demonstrate the kithara and will use it to accompany several ancient Greek songs performed by the Halcyonids, the Classics Department singing group.
Lyres as an instrument family gradually morphed into lutes of various types. The word "guitar" is descended directly from "kithára," even though the shape and stringing changed radically.


Density Of Steam Calculator
Density Of Steam Calculator
Are you looking to calculate the density of steam for a specific temperature and pressure? Look no further! Our density of steam calculator provides you with a quick and easy way to determine the density of steam based on the temperature and pressure inputs you provide. Whether you're a student studying thermodynamics or a professional working in the field of engineering, this calculator can help you with your calculations.
What is Steam Density?
Steam density is the mass of steam per unit volume. It is an important parameter in thermodynamics as it affects the performance of steam turbines, engines, and other steam-powered equipment. The density of steam varies with temperature and pressure, so it is crucial to accurately calculate it for any given set of conditions.
Density Of Steam Calculator
How to Use the Calculator
Using our density of steam calculator is simple. Just input the temperature and pressure values in the designated fields, and the calculator will automatically compute the density of steam for you. You can input the values in either Celsius or Fahrenheit for temperature, and in psi or bar for pressure.
Applications of Steam Density
The density of steam is used in various engineering applications, such as in the design and operation of steam turbines, boilers, and heat exchangers. It is also important in determining the heat transfer properties of steam in industrial processes. By accurately calculating the density of steam, engineers and researchers can optimize system performance and efficiency.
Factors Affecting Steam Density
The density of steam is influenced by two main factors: temperature and pressure. As the temperature of steam increases, its density decreases, while an increase in pressure leads to an increase in density. Understanding these relationships is essential in predicting the behavior of steam under different operating conditions.
See also Truck Distance Calculator
Importance of Calculating Steam Density
Calculating the density of steam is crucial for engineers and researchers working with steam systems. By knowing the density of steam at a specific temperature and pressure, they can make informed decisions regarding equipment sizing, heat transfer rates, and overall system performance. Accurate density calculations help in optimizing energy efficiency and preventing operational issues.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the density of steam is a vital parameter in thermodynamics and engineering applications. Our density of steam calculator provides a convenient tool for accurately calculating steam density based on temperature and pressure inputs. Whether you're a student learning about steam properties or a professional designing steam systems, this calculator can assist you in your calculations. Use it to streamline your work and enhance the efficiency of your steam-powered processes.


If your organization has given you the power to be a mastermind in Zapiens, congratulations! With this new functionality, Zap learns and acquires knowledge about your organization in a more rigorous way
Advantages of the new answer validation process:
 - Zap's knowledge about your organization increases in a more rigorous way. Zap now learns from previously validated knowledge, that is, it needs at least one other person to confirm that the answers are correct.
 - Collaboration among masterminds increases, now you will know the answers provided by other colleagues when you manage categories in common and you can give your opinion about them.
 - Users receive more truthful answers to their questions.
When a Mastermind in your organization answers a question in a category you manage together, Zap will send you the following push notification "Hey, what do you think of this answer?"
To validate your colleagues' answers, follow these simple steps:
 1. Access Zap, found in the center of the Lower Menu
 2. Zap will greet you and ask you what you want to do
 3. Click on "Help"
 4. If you have more than one unvalidated question, swipe left to access them
 5. Click on a question
 6. Click the "That's correct" button to validate the answer or click the "I don't know" button if you did not know the answer. In both cases, the question will disappear from the "Help" section. Zap, our Artificial Intelligence, will send a push notification to the person who created the question to see your validation.
 7. Keep answering questions and/or validating answers if you have any pending questions.
 8. Click the "X" at the top left to exit the questions
 9. Click the "X" button at the top left to exit Zap
Note: In the web version of the App, if you have more than one answer you will be able to access them by using the right or left arrows on the keyboard.
Some important clarifications about the process of validating answers:
 - To validate answers, the Masterminds have to manage categories in common
 - Questions related to categories managed by a single Mastermind do not require validation
 - Questions related to categories managed by only two Masterminds can be validated through the "That's correct" button in the App
 - When the other Masterminds in a category have clicked the "I don't know" button from the App, the answer is automatically validated
 - Questions answered from the Administration Area do not need to be validated by other Masterminds. They are automatically added to Zap's knowledge
Note: when a red dot appears next to Zap, it means that Zap has something new for you
Back to the top of the article


RESEARCHOF RAWMATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PARAMETERS OF POROUS GLASS-CERAMIC GRANULATED MATERIALS
2018;
: 39-45
1
Lviv Polytechnic National University
2
Lviv Polytechnic National University
3
Lviv Polytechnic National University
The analysis of varieties of clay feedstock from Yavoriv deposit was carried out. In the field, the conditions of natural occurrence of raw materials were studied. The results of thermal and X-ray diffraction analyses revealed their mineralogical composition. The possible use of montmorillonitohlorite carbonate-containing clays from Yavoriv deposit in blending stockpiles of the glass-zeolite-clay fragment system to obtain porous glass-ceramic materials was examined. The optimal composition of a clay component content and temperature-time parameters for exposing the material to porosity were identified. Based on the developed blending stockpiles, the conditions for material granulation were studied. It has been determined that the presence of a clay component under investigation in blending stockpiles contributes to the process of material granulation and to the increase of the strength of raw granules of different granulometric composition. The method for strength properties characterization of formed granules was suggested. The optimal conditions for exposing granulate to porosity were quantified experimentally.
Based on the obtained composition of weight and parameters of exposure to porosity, the granulated porous material with a volume weight of 0.29-0.33 g/cm3 was obtained under laboratory conditions. The porous properties of the material yielded were studied.

1. Demidovich B. K. Proizvodstvo i primenenie penostekla. - Minsk, 1972.
2. NIkItIn S. V. PoristI sklokristalIchnI materIali na osnovI prirodnoYi ta vtorinnoYi sirovini: avtoref. … kand.teh. nauk. - DnIpropetrovsk, 2014.
3. Fiziko-himicheskie osnovyi polucheniya poristyih materialov iz vulkanicheskih stekol / A. A. Krupa. - K.: Vischa shkola, 1978. - 136 s.
4. Pro mozhlivIst otrimannya poristih sklokristalIchnih materIalIv z vikoristannyam boyu vIkonnogo skla ta legkoplavkih glin / Ya. I. BIliy, Ya. I. Koltsova, S. V. NIkItIn // VIsnik NTU "HPI". - 2012. - № 48 (954). - (SerIya: HImIya, hImIchna tehnologIya ta ekologIya).- S. 138 - 146.
5. Semegen R. I. Legkie zapolniteli dlya betonov iz tseolitsoderzhaschih porod Karpat: avtoref. … dis. kand. tehn. nauk. - Lvov, 1990.
6. Zonhiev M. M. Penosteklo na osnove stekloboya i gornyih porod s povyishennyim soderzhaniem kristallicheskih faz: avtoref. dis. … kand. tehn. nauk: 05.23.05 / M. M. Zonhiev; Vostochno-Sibirskiy Gos. tehnolog. un-t. - Ulan-Ude, 2009. - 33s.
7. Patent UA 115850 C2, 10.02.2017.
8 Patent na korisnu model № 76210 vId.25.12.12.
9. Gorshkov V. S., Timashev V. V., Savelev V. G. Metodyi fiziko-himicheskogo analiza vyazhuschih veschestv. - M.: Vyisshaya shkola, 1981.
10. Ivanova V. P., Kasatov B. K., Krasavina T. N., Rozinova E. L. Termicheskiy analiz mineralov i gornyih porod. - L.: Nedra, 1974.


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It is the task of the person on duty to check the NOTCam temperature
status and possibly fill NOTCam with LN2.
NOTCam should be filled every morning whenever it is mounted
on the telescope to make sure it stays at operating temperature.
The reason for filling in the morning rather than in the afternoon
is that if the temperature starts rising in the morning due to
spilling at night, NOTCam will have time to come back to operating
temperature before the next night starts.
During storage NOTCam is kept cold by the PTR and regular LN2
fillings whenever needed. Email warnings will be sent out to staff
when the detector temperature reaches above -192
degrees. Then it is time to fill it. This limit has been set very
conservatively. If the PTR works well, you have plenty of time before
anything becomes urgent, and you can typically wait until the next
morning if the first email comes in the early evening. NB! If the
PTR is not working, you should act quickly!
If you want to check the NOTCam temperatures more in detail, you
can check the
TMS monitoring on the web. You can also do
ssh -l obs marissa from any terminal using the usual
password. Check the temperature and pressure log file with the command
tail -f /home/software/notcam/NOTCAM_temp. Each five minutes
four different temperatures and the pressure is updated. The first
temperature is the cold table, the next is the outer vessel (typically
reflecting the dome temperature), the third is the center wheel section,
and the forth is the array temperature. The last value is the pressure


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Representatives for Salina teachers and the USD 305 school district have come to agreement on a new contract.
According to the district, NEA-Salina and the USD Board of Education came to agreement on proposed changes to the negotiated agreement for the 2021-2022 school year.
Settled topics of interest include the following:
- A $915 increase to the base salary plus step and movement on the salary schedule.
- Increases to teacher compensation for plan time used for substitute teaching.
- New compensation to elementary teachers who accept additional students due to teacher absence.


User Interaction Models for Disambiguation in Programming by Example UIST 2015
Abstract
Programming by Examples (PBE) has the potential to revolutionize end-user programming by enabling end users, most of whom are non-programmers, to create small scripts for automating repetitive tasks. However, examples, though easy to provide, are an ambiguous specification of the user's intent. Because of that, a key impedance in adoption of PBE systems is the lack of user confidence in the correctness of the program that was synthesized by the system.
We present two novel user interaction models that communicate actionable information to the user to help resolve ambiguity in the examples. One of these models allows the user to effectively navigate between the huge set of programs that are consistent with the examples provided by the user. The other model uses active learning to ask directed example-based questions to the user on the test input data over which the user intends to run the synthesized program.
Our user studies show that each of these models significantly reduces the number of errors in the performed task without any difference in completion time. Moreover, both models are perceived as useful, and the proactive active-learning based model has a slightly higher preference regarding the users' confidence in the result.


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Updating and testing of available river regime relationships governing the various factors involved in alluvial river design are presented. Analysis of relevant laboratory and field data, gathered from four gauging stations along the water course of Klang River in Malaysia, were undertaken in order to formulate new regime concepts and equations characterizing the river. The functional formulations, to include the slope, rating and flow equations were achieved by employing dimensional analysis techniques relating the geometry and flow parameters.
File Type: pdf
Categories: Air, Aliran, Sungai


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While body language analysis isn't an exact science, looking at someone's gestures and movements can reveal a lot about them. BTS's Jungkook has a lot of body language habits that ARMYs find adorable—here's what some of them might possibly mean.
1. Tilting his head
Whenever Jungkook is contemplating or feeling unsure, he has a tendency to tilt his head to the side.
According to body language readings, when people tilt their heads, it means they're don't fully believe what they're saying. So, Jungkook tilting his head when he feels unsure about a statement or a challenge makes perfect sense.
2. Biting his nails
Like many people, Jungkook often bites his nails when he seems to be nervous or anxious.
Even people who aren't body language analysts know this as a common sign of nerves. You may even do it yourself.
3. Picking his face
Fans have also spotted Jungkook picking his face sometimes, usually when he's spacing out.
Body language analysis states that people most commonly touch their faces when they're nervous about answering questions or making factual statements. Perhaps when Jungkook seems like he's zoning out, he's actually just thinking of the right thing to say next.
4. Tucking hair behind his ears
Even when his hair isn't long, Jungkook likes to tuck it behind his ears.
According to body language analysts, when someone tucks their hair behind their ears, it often means they're nervous and feel the need to step things up.
5. Standing in the back
Ever noticed how maknae Jungkook tends to stand behind his hyungs during broadcasts?
Hiding behind elders is a common habit for children, too. As you may already know, it often means the person is feeling shy or lacking confidence.


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Sci Rep. 2022 May 23;12(1):8667. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12667-7.
The use of existing large pumping station equipment for upstream residual water reverse power generation is an unrealized yet valuable renewable energy project. At present, some large axial flow pump stations have begun to perform reverse power generation operations; however, related research has not yet started. In this paper, entropy generation theory is applied to a large-scale axial flow pump station system in reverse power generation operations, and the entropy generation method is used to investigate the accurate size and distribution of the mechanical energy dissipation of each component under different flow conditions. First, the energy characteristics and pressure fluctuations in the pump of the large axial flow pump station system are experimentally tested under reverse power generation conditions. The reliability of the entropy generation numerical calculation is verified both experimentally and theoretically. Then, the proportion of each component in the total entropy production is compared to illustrate how each component contributes to the total entropy production of the system and how this contribution changes as operating conditions vary. Then, the type of entropy production of each component is accurately determined under different flow conditions, revealing the changes in the proportions of the different types of entropy production of each component. Finally, components with large mechanical energy dissipations are selected, and the changes and causes of the energy dissipation distribution of the components are thoroughly analysed under different flow conditions. The research results can aid in better understanding the energy dissipation mechanism of large axial flow pump systems in reverse power generation operations.


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Unique creatures and striking photography create a
vivid display of color at the Living Coast Discovery Center!
Splash of Color: Wildlife + Art
'Splash of Color' celebrates the art and science of nature, inviting guests to discover animals and their fascinating use of color that help them camouflage and communicate in the wild world that surrounds us all. Dive below the surface of tropical waters to discover brilliant coral reef habitats, soar thru African jungles with the flashy Red-crested Turaco, and visit with tropical birds in a new free flight aviary. Guests are invited to take an even closer look at the seldom seen, awe-inspiring patterns and shades of animals and their habitats through macro photography and an exclusive art exhibit.
This special seasonal exhibit is with us for a limited time
and is a must-see for everyone intrigued by art, science, and wildlife!
Some of the exciting exhibits to be featured are:
- A walk through free-flight aviary
- Glow in the dark coral reefs
- Tropical birds & reptiles
- Stunning macro photography from local artists
In creating the Splash of Color exhibit, the Living Coast Discovery Center encourages an active curiosity and appreciation of wildlife and habitats through visual imagery and education.


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Charleroi was built in 1666 by the Spaniards and named after Charles II, king of Spain, only a 4-year-old child when he was placed on the Spanish throne after the death of his father Philip IV.
The following year, the fortress was taken by French armies and it was under French occupation. Fortifications were completed and extended by Vauban.
Louis XIV, who wanted to promote the development of the new town, granted its inhabitants privileges.
In 1678, under the treaty of Nijmegen, Charleroi was given back to Spain.
A first industrial change based on coal, iron, and glass industries brought about a rise in Charleroi's population.


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Exposed units: Warren House Formation
The quarry lies on the northeast corner of Hangman's Hill and 160m northwest of Dales Hall. About 12m of crag is exposed at present. Removal of the loose soil cover would easily expose more. The unit is a type of basalt called spilite (basalt that has been chemically altered by reacting with sea water) and is part of the Precambrian Warren House Formation. Rocks at the eastern end of the site preserve pillow lavas, further suggestive of the unit's eruption under water. Sections through the pillows measure approximately 1m x 30cm, with a vertical long axis. During eruption, the long axis of pillow structures will be oriented in the direction that the lava was travelling and therefore will be lain down at an angle close to horizontal. Vertically oriented long axes in the current outcrop therefore indicate that that the Warren House Formation has been subsequently tilted away from horizontal. The top of the unit is present in the north side of the quarry, which comprises about 5cm of broken rock.
Platt, J.I., 1933, 'The petrology of the Warren House series', Geological Magazine, vol.70, pp. 423-429.
Click here to request data


text:
Students with disability
Get the following policy documents for students with a disability.
Students with Disability
Transition from School for Students with Disability
- Transition from School for Students with Disability
- Effective Transition Planning Timeline
- Guiding Documents and Additional Resources
NDIS information for schools
The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) information package for Northern Territory Government schools comprises documents which contain the appropriate documentation needed by each stakeholder group; family, provider or school.
The Northern Territory Government would like to acknowledge the Victorian Department of Education and Training, South Australian Department of Education and Child Development and the National Disability Insurance Scheme for permission to use and adapt their information for the development of this information package.
Last updated: 30 September 2019
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- Counter is fully-customizable.
- Counter can be also used as an any text, date, time or any symbol displayer.
- Animated, smoothed scroll in 3 different style: fixed time, fixed speed and slot machine.
- 3 scroll directions, upwards, downwards and mixed
- You can prefix or postfix counter with any currency sign
- Decimal values can be shown with decimal separator and thousands separators.
- Integer values can be shown thousands separators.
- Custom events, e.g. called when counter is loaded or it's current value has changed
- Easy coding and configuring thanks to implemented, descriptive enumerations


package Graph::Layout::Aesthetic::Force::ParentLeft; use 5.006001; use strict; use warnings; our $VERSION = '0.02'; use base qw(Graph::Layout::Aesthetic::Force); __PACKAGE__->new->register; 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Graph::Layout::Aesthetic::Force::ParentLeft - Try to place parents to the left of their children =head1 SYNOPSIS use Graph::Layout::Aesthetic; $aglo = Graph::Layout::Aesthetic->new($topology); $aglo->add_force("ParentLeft", 1); =head1 DESCRIPTION This module provides an aesthetic force for use by the L. It's normally implicitly loaded by using L. The aesthetic force is that it tries to place parent nodes at least 5 to the left of child nodes. If nodes are placed so that this condition is not fulfilled, the nodes try to move left or right so it will be with a force that's quadratic in how much their distance on the x-axis is wrong. =head1 METHODS This class inherits from L and adds no methods of its own. =head1 EXPORT None. =head1 SEE ALSO L, L =head1 AUTHOR Ton Hospel, _EMAIL_ =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Copyright (C) 2004 by Ton Hospel This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version 5.6.1 or, at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available. Much of the underlying L code is derived from C code copyrighted by D. Stott Parker, who released it under the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE (version 1). =cut