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Jetpack Compose is a preferred choice for many developers due to its fun, easy, effective, and straightforward nature, along with its ability to build custom components easily and declaratively. However, to fully leverage its capabilities, it's important to have a good grasp of side-effects and effect handlers.
What is Side-effect?
When building UIs in Android, managing side effects can be one of the biggest challenges developers face. It is a change of state of the app that happens outside the scope of a composable function.
// Side Effect
private var i = 0
@Composable
fun SideEffect() {
var text by remember {
mutableStateOF("")
}
Column {
Button(onClick = { text += "@" }) {
i++
Text(text)
}
}
}
In this example, SideEffect creates a mutable state object using mutableStateOf, with an initial value of an empty string. Now on button click we are updating the text and on text update we want to update the value of i. But Button composable can recompose even without the click which will not change the text but will increment value of i. If it was a network call then it would make a network call on every recomposition of Button.
Ideally your composable should be Side-effect free but there are times when you need Side-effects. e.g. to trigger one-off event such as making a network call or collecting a flow.
To solve these issues, Compose offers various side-effects for different situations, including the following:
LaunchedEffect
LaunchedEffect is a composable function that is used to launch a coroutine inside the scope of composable, when LaunchedEffect enters the composition, it launches a coroutine and cancels when it leaves composition. LaunchedEffect takes multiple keys as params and if any of the key changes it cancels the existing coroutine and launch again. This is useful for performing side effects, such as making network calls or updating a database, without blocking the UI thread.
// Launched Effect
private var i = 0
@Composable
fun SideEffect() {
var text by remember {
mutableStateOF("")
}
LaunchedEffect(key1 = text) {
i++
}
Column {
Button(onClick = { text += "@" }) {
Text(text)
}
}
}
In the example above, each time the text is updated, a new coroutine is launched and the value of i is updated accordingly. This function is side-effect-free, since i is only incremented when the text value changes.
rememberCoroutineScope
To ensure that LaunchedEffect launches on the first composition, use it as is. But if you need manual control over the launch, use rememberCoroutineScope instead. It can be use to obtain a composition-aware scope to launch coroutine outside composable. It is a composable function that returns a coroutine scope bound to the point of Composable where its called. The scope will be cancelled when the call leaves the composition.
@Composable
fun MyComponent() {
val coroutineScope = rememberCoroutineScope()
val data = remember { mutableStateOf("") }
Button(onClick = {
coroutineScope.launch {
// Simulate network call
delay(2000)
data.value = "Data loaded"
}
}) {
Text("Load data")
}
Text(text = data.value)
}
Here, rememberCoroutineScope is used to create a coroutine scope that is tied to the Composable function's lifecycle. This lets you manage coroutines efficiently and safely by ensuring they are cancelled when the Composable function is removed from the composition. You can use the launch function within the scope to easily and safely manage asynchronous operations.
rememberUpdatedState
When you want to reference a value in effect that shouldn't restart if the value changes then use rememberUpdatedState. LaunchedEffect restart when one of the value of the key parameter get updated but sometimes we want to capture the changed value inside the effect without restarting it. This process is helpful if we have long running option that is expensive to restart.
@Composable
fun ParentComponent() {
setContent {
ComposeTheme {
// A surface container using the 'background' color from the theme
Surface(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), color = MaterialTheme.colors.background) {
var dynamicData by remember {
mutableStateOf("")
}
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
delay(3000L)
dynamicData = "New Text"
}
MyComponent(title = dynamicData)
}
}
}
}
@Composable
fun MyComponent(title: String) {
var data by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
val updatedData by rememberUpdatedState(title)
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
delay(5000L)
data = updatedData
}
Text(text = data)
}
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Jetpack Compose: Drawing without pain and recomposition
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Initially, data is an empty string. After 3 seconds, updatedData becomes "New Text". After 5 seconds, data becomes "New Text" as well, triggering a recomposition of the UI. This updates the Text composable. So the total delay was 5 seconds and if we haven't used the rememberUpdatedState then we had to relaunch the second LaunchedEffect which would've taken 8 seconds.
DisposableEffect
The DisposableEffect composable is utilized to execute an effect when a Composable function is initially created. It then clears the effect when the Composable is removed from the screen.
@Composable
fun MyComponent() {
var data by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
val disposableEffect = remember { mutableStateOf<Disposable?>(null) }
DisposableEffect(Unit) {
val disposable = someAsyncOperation().subscribe {
data = it
}
onDispose {
disposable.dispose()
}
disposableEffect.value = disposable
}
// rest of the composable function
}
In this example, we create a Composable called MyComponent. It has two mutable state variables: data and disposableEffect.
In DisposableEffect, we call an asynchronous operation using someAsyncOperation() which returns an Observable that emits a new value when the operation completes. We subscribe to it and update data.
We also use onDispose to dispose of disposable and stop the operation when the Composable is removed.
Finally, we set disposableEffect to the disposable object so it can be accessed by the calling Composable.
SideEffect
SideEffect is used to publish compose state to non-compose code. The SideEffect is triggered on every recomposition and it is not a coroutine scope, so suspend functions cannot be used within it.
When I initially discovered this side effect, I was uncertain about its significance and the extent of its importance, so I delved deeper into the matter for a better understanding.
class Ref(var value: Int)
@Composable
inline fun LogCompositions(tag: String) {
val ref = remember { Ref(0) }
SideEffect { ref.value++ }
Logger.log("$tag Compositions: ${ref.value}")
}
view raw SideEffect.kt hosted with ❤ by GitHub
When the effect is invoked, it will log the number of compositions that were created.
produceState
produceState converts non-compose state into compose state. It launches a coroutine scoped to the composition that can push values into a returned state. The producer is started when produceState enters the Composition and is stopped when it leaves the Composition. The returned State combines; setting the same value will not cause a recomposition.
Here's an example of how to use produceState to load an image from the network. The loadNetworkImage composable function provides a State that can be used in other composables. This example has been picked from official documentation.
@Composable
fun loadNetworkImage(
url: String,
imageRepository: ImageRepository = ImageRepository()
): State<Result<Image>> {
// Creates a State<T> with Result.Loading as initial value
// If


text:
Preparation Tips for Last Minute SSC Selection Post 2020
This post is also available in: हिन्दी (Hindi)
Staff Selection Commission (SSC) is recruiting for Selection Post 2020 Phase VIII. There are more than 1000 vacancies available for this post. If you are appearing for this exam, then beginning the preparation right now is crucial. This article about SSC Selection Post Preparation Tips will help you align your approach method as per the subjects and the easy tips will optimize your preparation level.
SSC Selection Post Selection Procedure 2020
The selection process is based on 2 stages –
- Written exam in Computer Based Mode (Objective type multiple choice questions)
- Skill Test.
SSC Selection Post Exam Pattern 2020
SSC Selection Post Selection is based on Written Exam in a Computer Based Mode that consist of Objective Type Multiple Choice Questions.
|Subjects||No. of Qs||Max. Marks||Duration|
|English Language||25||50||60 minutes|
|General Awareness (GA)||25||50|
SSC Selection Post Preparation Tips
You cannot master this subject in a day. To score well in this section you need consistent practice. If your preparation is strong then you can score more marks as compared to Quant, Reasoning and English.
- Regularly read newspapers and magazines to learn new words and improve your reading.
- You need to learn at least 10 new words daily with meaning and its usage.
- Learn all the basic grammar rules and improve your comprehension skills.
- Use flash cards which make learning and remembering new words easy.
- Additionally, solve as many previous year papers as possible.
- Give mock test to self analyse your preparations.
- Attempt/Solve: English for Competitive Exams Modules, Testbook English Quiz, English Stack Exchange, Word Power Made Easy Capsules
- Read Newspapers, Books if possible regularly. Try to read newspaper daily for an hour to gather all the latest information.
- You can also refer magazines, school books and journals.
- Try to focus on topics like Culture, History, Indian Constitution, Geography, General Polity, etc
- Watch news channel, this will help in improving your knowledge of international events, and important activities.
- Keep yourself updated on the recent current affairs that took place in recent six months. You can also read current affairs magazines published for government jobs.
- Solve GK quizzes, previous year papers, and mock test.
- Study on the latest events or changes that took place in the country (related to sports, politics, finance, budget, etc.)
- Attempt/Solve: Current Affairs App, Static GK, GK Quiz,Current Affairs Capsules,Current Affairs Quiz,
- If you are good at Mathematics then this could be your topic to score more marks. However, for those who are not so good in this section need lot of practice.
- This section is time consuming, therefore do not waste time on the sections that you cannot solve during the exam.
- Understand the questions carefully, and avoid rushing while solving the problem.
- The main topics to focus on are Ration and proportion, Averages, SI and CI, Speed, time and distance, time work, Mensuration, Discount.
- Attempt/Solve: Testbook Quant, Testbook Quant Quiz, Math Shortcut Tricks,mock test
This section is scoring and can fetch you lot of marks in the exam. Therefore, focus more while preparing and understand the basic concept or idea before solving these questions.
- Learn all the topics that come under this section like Coding-Decoding, Blood relations, Difference and Similarities, Arithmetic Reasoning and Number Series, Analogies, etc.
- As this subject is less time consuming, therefore, prepare all the topics that come under this section.
- You can also study the topic as per weight age and allot proper time accordingly.
- Make sure that you are practicing more to ace this subject.
- Always ensure to review all the topics after you finish.
- Use smart tricks, short and quick methods for solving this section with accuracy and speed.
- Attempt/Solve: Testbook Reasoning, Testbook Reasoning Quiz
General SSC Selection Post Preparation Tips
- Know the syllabus and exam pattern in and out. Go through the entire syllabus and understand each topic well.
- Collect the required study materials from a proper source. Online reference books can also be studied.
- Prepare a proper time table to study, and spend ample time on each subject.
- Make sure you are solving all the questions with speed and accuracy.
- Try to solve questions faster and with accuracy. For that you need to practice very hard.
- Accuracy and Speed is important during exam. Therefore, make sure you practice more to ace this topic.
- Attempt mock test and solve previous year papers, this will help you get familiar with all kinds of questions, exam pattern and difficulty level.
- Time management is crucial. Since you have to solve 100 questions in 60 minutes, therefore, make the most of your time.
- Don't spend too much time in a particular question, as the number of questions is more & you have limited time.
SSC Selection Post Phase 8 Syllabus
Before starting preparation for any competitive examination, one need to be well versed with the syllabus. The point in knowing the syllabus is to segrgate all the important topics which you should put more focus on, by doing that you increase your chances in acing any examination. Read our article on SSC Selection Post Syllabus to plan out your exam prep.
Start practicing for your Competitive Exam Today.
Join us for more queries and discussions.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: Remember when Lady Gaga pinged smartphones and presumably alarmed dogs by transmitting inaudible, high-frequency audio at a concert with Sonic Notify tech? It turns out Apple's applying for a patent to do something similar, namely "audio hyperlinking" that can be contained within an audio stream. Cupertino's application says that such sound waves could be audible or outside the normal hearing range of 20Hz to 20KHz and "cause an effect in the user interface" of a receiving device. That could be useful during a podcast, for instance, to give users links to articles relevant to a discussion via sound waves alone. The application goes on to describe how such data could be encoded into an audio stream and read by the receiving device, and leaves wiggle room for a wide range of uses. Call us cynical, but we imagine that includes a way of sneaking in more ads.


text:
Woodland Fox is the cunning shape-shifter creature of the woodlands. She peers through the tangled woods, long red tail curling through the bracken ferns, poised, sniffing the autumn air as the resourceful squirrel gathers nuts and the wise hunter owl watches over the mice hidden in the undergrowth. Intelligently negotiating the forces and challenges of the Wilde, the elusive fox is aware and adaptable, providing well for her cubs in her carefully hidden den. Both predator and prey, the skillful fox was known to symbolize the struggle of the ordinary common folk against the feudal barons. Wild, shape-shifter Fox is the wise and shrewd guide through the Mysteries – illuminated by the silver light of the feminine moon. Owl is the solitary wise bird of the night, whose keen sight penetrates the darkness as Squirrel collects the sacred nuts from the Oak Tree – doorway to the Mysteries. Woodpecker's sharp beak taps into the Tree of Life for sustenance as the timid yet resourceful Mice peep out from their burrow in Mother Earth, carrying her secrets from the Underworld. These are our companion guides as we find our path through the often dark, tangled woodlands of our psyche. Llwynog Coch – the beautiful and cunning Red Fox!
Original Design & Text by Jen Delyth ©2011
Featured Artwork Products: Fine Art Print Wall Hanging Bamboo Hoodie artPATCH Bag more...


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2013/06/10
EAccessViolation in function CreateProcess in Delphi 2009
很有趣的，我也遇到了這件事情，明明 CreateProcess 這函式在Delphi 7時就正常，到了Delphi 2009就出怪手了。
原因就是出在Unicode……解法轉貼如下：
The problem is in the lpCommandLine parameter. I suspect you are doing something like this:
var
 CmdLine: string;
...
CmdLine := 'notepad.exe';
CreateProcess(nil, PChar(CmdLine), ...)
This results in an access violation because CmdLine is not writeable memory. The string is a constant string stored in read-only memory.
Instead you can do this:
CmdLine := 'notepad.exe';
UniqueString(CmdLine);
CreateProcess(nil, PChar(CmdLine), ...)
This is enough to make CmdLine be backed by writeable memory.
It is not enough just to make the variable holding the string non-const, you need to make the memory that backs the string writeable too. When you assign a string literal to a string variable, the string variable points at read-only memory.
參考來源：Access Violation in function CreateProcess in Delphi 2009
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Why I Choose Delphi! (CHT)
扣除使用 C++ Builder 的時間，我實際使用 Delphi 的時間點是 2012 年，它帶我看到了不一樣的世界，見識到世界各地的高手使用 Delphi 創造出他們引以為豪的產品，並且無私的分享他們的學習知識，使我的技術能力得以跟隨他們的能力提升。 最最讓我喜歡的...


text:
As a historian I have seen lots of memorials in churches in Britain and Europe, but this is very unusual – possibly unique.
Tudor monuments often show effigies of the parents recumbent above of their children lined up in order of size, praying for them. Sons are generally on the left, and daughters on the right. But the furtherest – ie youngest – on the right here is a short haired character, so a son, with its arm through that of his sister who was probably his twin. It even shows him at a slight distance from her, as if being led by her.
This looks like a blind boy, which in turn begs the question of why this monument is so unusual. Given how many stories there are of blind people in the Bible, of blind people being noted as being in need of alms etc, why does this memorial stand out?
Was blindness ignored in effigies or were blind people kept out of sight, so were – apart from professional beggars – invisible?


text:
PURPOSE: To measure the speed of light.
DESCRIPTION: A laser light pulse a few nanoseconds long is emitted by a light-emitting diode and immediately strikes a partially silvered mirror. The reflected light returns to a phototransistor to give the first pulse of the oscilloscope trace shown in the picture. The light transmitted through the partially silvered mirror reflects off a distant front-surface mirror, in the foreground of the picture, returning to the phototransistor to create the second pulse. The distance the laser beam tra vels, measured using a metric tape, and the elapsed time, determined from the oscilloscope trace, are used to calculate the speed of light. The separation of the two light pulses in the picture is about 16 nanoseconds.
SUGGESTIONS: A few percent measurement can be readily attained with about 20 feet between the apparatus and the mirror. Care must be used to position the light reflected from the distant mirror onto the phototransistor.
REFERENCES: (PIRA unknown)
EQUIPMENT: Speed of light module with oscilloscope, front surface mirror on moving stand, metric tape.
SETUP TIME: 5 min.
Go back to Lecture-Demonstration Home Page.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
By Wilson da Silva
SYDNEY – Gold deposits left behind after processing and regarded as uneconomic can now be commercially recovered, an Australian company pioneering a new leaching process said.
Known as Modified Leach Technology (MLT), the process has been under development by Action Gold Development Ltd since 1989, and uses special resin beads to capture gold from ore rather than the existing carbon-in-pulp cyanide method.
The process detects higher gold concentrations in ore and waste tailings, and recovers more gold than existing methods, executive director Charles Hider said from Melbourne.
"We are able to take a tailings dump that is virtually worthless and recover substantial amounts of gold previously undetected," he said in an interview.
The company released to the Australian Stock Exchange this week results of an independent metallurgist's study into the process on a tailings dump of base metal sulphide.
The process found and recovered 2.14 grams (0.07 ounces) per tonne in the tailings, Action Gold said in the report.
Traditional fire assay methods for detecting gold in ore had previously found concentrations of only 0.06 grams (0.002 ounces) per tonne in the tailings, the report said.
Existing leaching processes would have recovered only A$0.90 of gold from the tailings dump, while the MLT recovered some A$32 of gold, Hider said.
The process is also safer and more environment-friendly, said Dean Butler, the company's research director and the inventor of the process.
The process produces wastewater with less than one part per million of cyanide, below regulated levels in Australia, compared with some 50 parts per million for existing carbon-in-pulp cyanide processes, Butler said.
"You could release your tailings into a creek and actually lower the natural levels of cyanide in the water," he said by telephone from Adelaide.
"The significance is extraordinary," Hider said. "It means that gold can be recovered from old tailings dumps that were previously considered too near to towns and cities."
The company is negotiating with mining companies it said could not be named to set up a pilot plant able to process half a tonne of tailings per hour at a mining site.
With knowledge learned from this plant, Action Gold would expect to introduce the process commercially in six to 12 months, Hider said.
Butler said that enhancements to the resin beads' ability to trap gold were now giving 10 times the yield observed in the metallurgist's report. The technology, half-owned by Action Gold and Accel Industrial and Mineral Processes Ltd, is expected to take minutes to leach gold from tailings and ore.
Action Gold said in a statement that it is developing, with an unnamed overseas institution, more efficient resin beads that it expects to lead to higher levels of gold recovery.
It said it has patented the technology in 80 countries.


text:
BELLINGHAM– More than 60 trumpeter swans found dead in the last few weeks northeast of Bellingham appear to have succumbed to lead poisoning, according to Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) wildlife biologists.
Although the source of the lead has not been confirmed, the swans may have been poisoned by ingesting lead shotgun pellets that came to rest on lake bottoms and the ground, said Lora Leschner, regional wildlife manager in WDFW's North Puget Sound regional office in Mill Creek.
The dead swans are being collected promptly so that bald eagles do not feed on the swan carcasses and suffer secondary poisoning. Volunteers and wildlife rehabilitators are working with WDFW to recover the dead swans.
Lead shot has been illegal for waterfowl hunting in western Washington since 1986 and nationally since 1991. Lead shot still is legal for use by upland bird hunters throughout the state, however.
Although no connection has been established between the use of lead shot by state upland bird hunters and the recent swan deaths, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission already was scheduled to decide in its April 7 and 8 meeting in Yakima whether to phase out the use of lead shot on pheasant release sites where waterfowl are present in significant numbers, to restrict lead only on release sites where problems are documented, or to leave the current regulations in place.
In Canada, hunters have been allowed to use lead shot in many areas until this past year. WDFW wildlife managers have contacted Canadian wildlife officials about the swan die-off and are working to try to determine the chief source of the lead and whether swan deaths have occurred in Canada.
If the source of the lead can be found, action can be taken to drive swans away from problem areas.
Lead shot can pose particular risks to waterfowl and other wildlife in wet areas and in areas where upland bird hunters concentrate, such as state pheasant release sites. Swans can become poisoned as they forage in fields or on lake bottoms and accidentally ingest the spent shot.
All the dead swans have been examined and show signs of lead poisoning, said Mike Davison, WDFW district wildlife biologist. Several also have been x-rayed, revealing lead shot in their gizzards.
Only one or two swallowed lead pellets are enough to kill a swan, Leschner said. Even if the exposure isn't fatal it can weaken birds and cause them to succumb to other ailments such as aspergillosis, a lung ailment caused by a fungus present on decaying corn and other grain, she added.
The dead birds are among a wintering population of about 1,000 trumpeter swans in Whatcom County. Another several thousand swans are present in winter months in Skagit County. Some swans die each year from lead poisoning and aspergillosis; the last large die-off was in 1992, Leschner said.


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Navigating Configuration Post-processing
Note
Current implementation only renders the configuration to push, it doesn't update the configuration into the target devices.
The intended configuration job doesn't produce a final configuration artifact (see below for reasons why). The intended configuration is the "intended" running configuration, because the intended configuration job generates what is in the final running configuration. This works well for the "compliance" feature, but not as well to create a configuration artifact that is ready to push.
Challenging use cases when using the running configuration as intended:
 - Because the intended configuration is stored in the database, and in an external Git repository, it should not contain any secret.
 - The format of the running configuration is not always the same as the configuration to push, examples include:
 - Pushing SNMPv3 configurations, which do not show up in the running config
 - VTP configurations where the configurations is not in the running config at all
 - Implicit configurations like a "no shutdown" on an interface
 - The configurations used to get the configuration to the intended state may require to be ordered to not cause an outage.
As the Golden Config application becomes more mature in delivering an all encompassing configuration management solution, it requires an advanced feature to render a configuration artifact. That artifact must be in the final format your device is expecting, from the intended configuration.
This is exposed via the get_config_postprocessing() function defined in nautobot_golden_config.utilities.config_postprocessing. This method takes the current configurations generated by the Golden Config intended configuration feature, and the HTTP request. This function will return the intended configuration that is ready to push.
From the user perspective, you can retrieve this configuration via two methods:
 - UI: within the Device detail view, if the feature is enabled, a new row in the "Configuration Types" appears, and clicking the icon the new configuration will be rendered on the fly (synchronously). Check figure.
 - REST API: at the path /api/plugins/golden-config/config-postprocessing/{device_id} you can request the intended configuration processed, and the return payload will contain a "config" key with the rendered configuration.
Configuration Postprocessing
Customize Configuration Processing
There are two different ways to customize the default behavior of get_config_postprocessing method:
 - postprocessing_callables: is the list of available methods for processing the intended configuration. It contains some default implemented methods, currently render_secrets. But it could be extended via configuration options (see next section). The format for defining these methods is via the dotted string format that will be imported by Django. For example, the render_secrets is defined as "nautobot_golden_config.utilities.config_postprocessing.render_secrets".
 - postprocessing_subscribed: is the list of methods names (strings) that define the order in the processing chain. The defined methods MUST exist in the postprocessing_callables list. This list can be customized via configuration options, and eventually, it could be extended to accept HTTP query parameters.
Existing Default Processors
Render Secrets
The render_secrets function performs an extra Jinja rendering on top of an intended configuration, exposing new custom Jinja filters:
 - get_secret_by_secret_group_name: as the name suggests, it returns the secret_group value, for a secret type, from its name.
Note
Other default Django or Netutils filters are not available in this Jinja environment. Only encrypt_<vendor>_type5 and encrypt_<vendor>_type7 can be used together with the get_secret filters.
Because this rendering is separated from the standard generation of the intended configuration, you must use the {% raw %} Jinja syntax to avoid being processed by the initial generation stage.
 1. For example, an original template like this, {% raw %}ppp pap sent-username {{ secrets_group["name"] | get_secret_by_secret_group_name("username")}}{% endraw %}
 2. Produces an intended configuration as ppp pap sent-username {{ secrets_group["name"] | get_secret_by_secret_group_name("username") }}
 3. After the render_secrets, it becomes ppp pap sent-username my_username.
Notice that the get_secret filters take arguments. In the example, the secret_group name is passed, together with the type of the Secret. Check every signature for extra customization.
Note
Remember that to render these secrets, the user requesting it via UI or API, MUST have read permissions to Secrets Groups, Golden Config, and the specific Device object.
Render Secrets Example
This shows how Render the Secrets feature for a Device, for the default Secrets Group FK, and for custom relationships, in the example, at Location level.
GraphQL query
query ($device_id: ID!) {
 device(id: $device_id) {
 secrets_group {
 name
 }
 location {
 rel_my_secret_relationship_for_location {
 name
 }
 }
 }
}
Jinja Template
Using the default secrets_group FK in Device:
{% raw %}{{ secrets_group["name"] | get_secret_by_secret_group_name("password") | default('no password') }}{% endraw %}
Using the custom relationship at the Location level:
{% raw %}{{ location["rel_my_secret_relationship_for_location"][0]["name"] | get_secret_by_secret_group_name("password") | default('no password') }}{% endraw %}
This will end up rendering the secret, of type "password", for the corresponding SecretGroup.
Managing errors
Obviously, the rendering process can find multiple challenges, that are managed, and properly explained to take corrective actions:
Found an error rendering the configuration to push: Jinja encountered and UndefinedError: 'None' has no attribute 'name', check the template for missing variable definitions.


text:
Flatten PDF Forms Fields in Flutter
PSPDFKit for Flutter allows you to create a new document with flattened forms. In a document with flattened forms, the form fields and their contents are still visible, but they're no longer editable.
The example below shows how to flatten forms using the
// First open a PDF file using 'present()'. await Pspdfkit.processAnnotations('all', 'flatten', 'PDFs/flattened-form.pdf');
For more details about how to use the
processAnnotations() function, please refer to our Process Annotations guide.


text:
Teachers might want to think twice about posting no gum-chewing signs in the classroom. It turns out that the sticky substance might help students concentrate.
Researchers had two groups of 20 people each listen to a 30-minute recording that included a sequence of numbers. After listening, the participants were asked to remember the sequence. But only one groups chewed gum—and they had higher accuracy rates and faster reaction times than the non-gum chewers. Those chewing gum also maintained focus longer during the exercise. The study is in the British Journal of Psychology—and contradicts a 2012 study that found gum chewing decreased short-term memory performance. [Kate Morgan, Andrew J. Johnson and Christopher Miles, Chewing gum moderates the vigilance decrement]
The researchers say that gum increases the flow of oxygen to regions of the brain responsible for attention. More oxygen can keep people alert and improve their reflexes. Research also shows that you won't get the same effect by just pretending to chew gum.
So the next time your mind is wandering in class, maybe try some gum. If it doesn't help you concentrate you'll at least be asked to leave.
[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]


text:
Because many rural poor live in areas far away from markets, we investigate whether better road access could help improve their livelihood and reduce rural poverty. We use three waves of a primary panel survey at the household level conducted in 18 remote natural villages in China to study how road access shapes farmers' agricultural production patterns and input uses and affects rural poverty. Our results show that access to roads is strongly associated with specialization in agricultural production. In natural villages with better road access, farmers plant fewer numbers of crops, purchase more fertilizer, and invest more money in labor. In combination with such factors, road connections improve household agricultural income—in particular, cash income—and contribute to poverty reduction in the surveyed villages. However, better access to rural roads does not appear to bring about significant changes in nonagricultural income.
Evidence from rural China
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
This research project proposes a numerical study of the aerodynamic wake generated by a system of rotating wings. The Generalized Dynamic Wake Model, which has been conceived to represent the dynamic states of the inflow induced by the rotor in terms of a finite number of harmonic and radial modes, will be applied in the study. Results presented in the literature show such an aerodynamic model can be numerically integrated with structural models of non-linear rotating beams to provide a compact, accurate and computationally efficient aeroelastic formulation, which is able to simulate the rotor dynamic behavior in operational condition. A piezoelectric element can be introduced in the variational formulation used to the modeling of non-linear beam equations to provide a piezoaeroelastic model suitable to be applied in problems related to aeroelastic stability, energy harvesting and attenuation of mechanical vibration in helicopter rotors. The study focuses on a comprehensive verification of the aerodynamic wake model, based on the physical interpretation of the role played by the eigenvectors and eigenvalues associated with the inflow states. Such an approach plays a significant role to the conceptual understanding required to the reliable implementation of an aeroelastic model, hence helping in the development of both basic research and technological innovation.
News published in Agência FAPESP Newsletter about the scholarship:


Marriages families and relationships 13th edition
ISBN 13: 9781337109666
marriages families and relationships 13th edition
Marriages, Families, and Relationships: Making Choices in a Diverse Society, Loose-Leaf Version 13th Edition. by Mary Ann Lamanna (Author), Agnes.
Marriages, Families, and Relationships, 13th Edition
Marriages, Families, and Relationships: Making Choices in a Diverse Society / Edition 13
This best-selling text on marriages, families, and relationships combines an authoritative, yet applied approach with a theme that is especially relevant today: making choices in a diverse society. A balance of various theoretical perspectives along with many examples helps you understand how people are influenced by the society around them, how social conditions change in ways that affect family life, the interplay between families and the larger society, and the family-related choices that individuals make throughout adulthood. You'll gain insightful perspectives on the diversity of our modern society, including different ethnic traditions and family forms, and be encouraged to question assumptions and reconcile conflicting ideas and values as you make informed choices in your own life. Louis in political science, her master's degree in sociology minor in psychology from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and her doctorate in sociology from the University of Notre Dame. She has published numerous articles in law, sociology, and medical humanities journals. Research and teaching interests include family, reproduction, and gender and law. She attended Clarke College, Dubuque.
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This troubleshooting guide, will guide you through the recovery steps of an DIP, without video data loss
General note: Using a Bosch DIP system without video data disks is a non supported use case, its mandatory to equip the system with data disks to recover the system.
Step 1 - Preperation
Download the attachment repair.zip and unzip the content
Prepare an USB-stick, rename it to SCRIPT
Copy the repair.txt extracted of the attachment on the USB-stick
Insert the USB-stick into an USB-slot of your machine
Insert the BOSCH r ecovery DVD into the DVD-drive
Step 2 - Create RAiD1
Boot the machine and enter the Intel RAiD MENU pressing CTRL + I
Navigate to CREATE RAiD VOLUME and hit enter
Set RAiD level to RAiD1(Mirror), navigate to CREATE VOLUME and hit enter
Exit the RAiD controller, navigate to EXIT and hit enter
Reboot the machine (e.g. press CTRL + ALT + DEL)
Step 3 - System Recovery
During the reboot, boot from DVD, press ENTER as the line will displayed
In the System Management Utility, click on CONSOLE
Type into command line "diskpart.exe" hit enter
Type into command line "list volume" hit enter and search for your USB-stick called SCRIPT, note down the assigned drive letter (LTR)
End diskpart.exe by typing on the command line "exit" hit enter
Type into the command line "diskpart.exe /s [YOUR_USB_DRIVE_LETTER]:\repair.txt" hit enter
Wait until the script has been finished and CLOSE the console
Step 4 - System Recovery
On the System Management Utililty click on SYSTEM RECOVERY (back to factory default)
NOTE: Do not select Initial Factory Setup, this will wipe all existing data!
As the recovery has been completed, click on OK to confirm and reboot
Do not eject the DVD and follow the instructions on your screen to initialize the system.
Connectivity problems after DIVAR Mobile Viewer APP upgrade from v3.0.0 to the new v3.1.0
As result of a software bug in the APP problems in the connectivity can occur in case the DIVAR hybrid/network is running firmware v3.0.0 or below. Running firmware v3.1.0 does not show the problem.
This problem exists for both Android and IOS app platfoms
DIVAR Mobile Viewer app 3.1.1 for both Android and iOS have been released and are available on the stores. This version is compatible with previous DIVAR hybrid/network firmware v3.0.0 and 3.1.0
Additional info for DIVAR AN 3000/5000
For the DIVAR AN 3000/5000 we just learned that the DIVAR Mobile Viewer app v3.1.1. can consume more than one session per device. This typically happens when in the Live Preview the "Device List" (top right icon) is used to open all cameras simultaneously. This seems only to happen as a first action when you open the app. This can result is a failing connection showing the message "System is busy".
For the moment please apply these workarounds avoiding this connection problem: - Change the number of remote sessions allowed (default=4) in the DIVAR AN 3000/5000 configuration to 64 (Menu, Settings, Network, Max. connection) OR - Avoid the use of "Start Live Preview (16)" in "Device List" as an first action. By viewing one camera only as first action showed that new session consumption was prevented.
In case of occurring connection problem: close and restart the DIVAR Mobile Viewer app. This problem seems not to occur when using Android or for accessing DIVAR network/hybrid.
Upcoming with FW 7.10 and CM 6.20, Camera Trainer is a licensable Intelligent Video Analytics module that allows uses to define objects of intereste and train their own detectors for them based on examples of target objects and non-target objects. In contrast to the moving objects detected in general by IVA 7.10, Camera Trainer allows detection of both moving and non-moving objects, separates and immediately classifies them. Training can be done both on live video as well as on recordings available through the respective camera. The resulting detectors can be down- and uploaded for distribution to other cameras.
The attached fact sheet lists the cameras that support Camera Trainer. The attached technical note describes in-depth what Camera Trainer is, how it works, what to use it for and what not, and how to configure it. The configuration is also shown in the following how-to videos: Setup Camera Trainer Camera learning phase with recorded video
Configure Camera Trainer Task
Backup Camera Trainer Configuration - Method 1
Backup Camera Trainer Configuration - Method 2 Setup VCA Masking
DIVAR IP 7000R2 and DIVAR IP 6000R2
DIVAR IP 6000 2U W/O HDD
DIVAR IP 6000 2U 4X3TB
DIVAR IP 6000 2U 8X3TB
DIVAR IP 6000 2U 4X4TB
DIVAR IP 6000 2U 8X4TB
DIVAR IP 6000 3U W/O HDD
DIVAR IP 6000 3U 16X3TB
DIVAR IP 6000 3U 16X4TB
DIVAR IP 7000 2U W/O HDD (R2)
DIVAR IP 7000 2U 4X3TB (R2)
DIVAR IP 7000 2U 8X3TB (R2)
DIVAR IP 7000 2U 8X3TB (R2)
DIVAR IP 7000 2U 8X4TB (R2)
DIVAR IP 7000 3U W/O HDD (R2)
DIVAR IP 7000 3U 16X3TB (R2)
4000GB HDD DIVAR IP 6000/7000
For recovery of DIVAR IP 6000 R2 or DIVAR IP 7000 R2 one should use only the DVD provided with the particular device. Do not use the DVD for recovery if you are not sure that it is the one delivered with the system. In case the DVD is lost or damaged request the respective ISO image from Bosch Technical Support.
Request the ISO image from Bosch Technical Support:
Provide the Serial Number of the device
What is the reason for the recovery
Why it is not possible to use the recovery DVD
Status February 25, 2017
BOSCH offers and confirms that since February 2017 the firmware version 3.180.05-1562 can be used with the LSI MegaRAID Controller. In case there are newer versions supported and recommended with BOSCH DIVAR IP this will be announced in cooperation with the Product Management.
For DIVAR IP units (e.g. DIVAR IP 6000) BOSCH BT Security & Safety Systems offers an firmware update for the internal MegaRADI Controller.
It could happen that in the Megaraid Software the user can see the following: potential non-optimal configuration due, PD commissioned as Emergency Spare error.
Here we provide the steps to update a DIVAR IP system:
Using MegaRAID Storage Manager utility under OS
1) Open MSM, Right click on Supermicro MegaRAID controller to be updated and click Update Controller Firmware
2) Click Browse to search for new firmware
3) Select the new MegaRAID controller firmware
4) Click OK to continue
5) Check the "Confirm" box and click OK to continue
*** Wait for around 1~2 minutes to complete
6) Click OK once firmware update completed
7) Reboot the system and check firmware version in controller OPROM banner during boot. At the section Revision you can see version 3.180.05-1562
😎 Check firmware version using MSM in OS When selecting the "Supermicro SMC 2208 (Bus1, Dev 0) device you can see on the right the "Firmware Version" = 3.180.05-1562
The firmware *.rom filw is available via the following link - inside the ZIP file:
This Firmware Version is subject of change. Any new version must be announce by BOSCH PRM responsible for DIVAR IP via the BT-ST/ETP-MKP2 organisation and BOSCH support at BT-ASA here in the BOSCH Knowledge Base.
Potential for Data Inconsistency Issues on E-Series Storage Systems
With the controller firmware 11.50.1 and newer version like NetApp controller firmware 11.50.2 an issues are fixed by NetApp, which enforce an immediate update of all E2800 iSCSI Storage Systems (their controllers). In July 2019 BOSCH announced the need to update from all former NetApp controller firmware 08.30.40.00 to newer versions. At that time the Firmware for NetApp E2800 controller recommended was version NetApp Firmware 11.50R1. This is also announced by NetApp on their support websites (see _URL_
Bosch approval 31st of January 2018
Bosch approval 7th of May 2019
Bosch approval 20th of September 2019
NetApp Firmware 08.30.40.00 no longer allowed for usage
NetApp Firmware: 11.50.R1 no longer allowed for usage
NetApp Firmware: 11.50.2 currently shipped by Netapp via BOSCH
NetApp Firmware: 11.50.2P1 11.50.3 11.60
Please follow our BOSCH Knowledge Base and monitor for updates at this article for important news. Eventhough NetApp inbuild functions for BOSCH video optimized recording 24/7 and generic firmware is used at E2800 iSCSI storage systems, BOSCH is evaluating new firmware versions provided by NetApp on a regular bases. The BOSCH


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The main cause of solder cracks
The solder cracks of MLCC will not only occur in the manufacturing process such as the soldering process, but also will occur under severe use conditions after being launched on the market. The main reasons are as follows.
(1) Thermal shock and temperature cycling cause thermal fatigue
In an environment with repeated temperature changes of high and low temperatures, thermal stress is applied to the solder joints due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between MLCC and PCB. In addition, in the welding process, this situation can also occur due to imperfect temperature management.
(2) Lead-free solder
The lead-free solder used for environmental protection purposes is hard and fragile. Compared with the conventional eutectic solder, solder cracks are more likely to occur, so special attention is required.
Applications and substrates that require special attention in solder crack countermeasures
The main causes of solder cracks are thermal shock, thermal fatigue caused by temperature cycling, and the use of hard and brittle lead-free solder.
Therefore, special attention should be paid to the packaging around high-temperature heat-generating parts such as automobile engine compartments in environments where rapid heating (rapid) or rapid cooling (rapid cooling) may occur, such as rapid changes in peripheral temperature (thermal shock).
In addition, products installed in environments where the temperature changes repeatedly, such as outdoors, such as solar power generation, wind power generation, base stations, and other infrastructures, require attention to countermeasures against solder cracks due to their long maintenance cycles.
Summary of MLCC solder crack countermeasures
When stress is applied to the junction between the capacitor and the substrate, "solder cracks" may occur, which may cause components to fall off and open circuit failures.
Equipment exposed to thermal shocks and temperature cycles such as automobile engine compartments or equipment with other heat sources; implementation of maintenance-free infrastructure; hard and brittle lead-free solder joints require special attention.


The Main Objective In Facility Management And Main Reason For Facility Service
facilities management bristol
facilities management bristol
Facilitators assist businesses in achieving their objectives by assisting the stakeholders involved in achieving the objectives in reaching essential agreements. While the context of facilitation may change, the aim stays the same: to assist parties in reaching agreements that enable them to achieve their objectives. Many facilitators need more than just technical practice to complete this task; they also need facilitator training from a strategic expertise training company. The facilities management bristol will guide the people to manage their business and helps to develop the business further.
Be an active listener:
facilities management bristol
It is difficult to lead a group conversation if you do not listen to the members. Although the goal is to assist a community in reaching its own decision, facilitators must lead the discussion in the right direction a role that necessitates careful listening. Trainees cannot seize opportunities to help the
organization gain insight into its issues unless they actively listen, and they cannot seize opportunities to discuss beneficial or unprofitable facets of the group's outlook unless they actively listen.
 Be an Effective Leader:
A facilitator, unlike an executive, does not lead by order or example, but participants must consider him or her as a representative. Otherwise, the person's capacity to lead the meeting and mediate interactions among participants can be jeopardized. Receiving consulting skills instruction as part of facilitator training will assist facilitators in leading in the right direction.
Manage Group Conflict:
Facilitators are often called upon when group contact breaks down after days or weeks of trying to find an agreement. As a result, they are often tasked with resolving the tension between members who have competing views and have created opposing alliances within the party. The ultimate aim is not to manage the tension, but to assist members in working through it and coming together as a team.
Create Effective Agendas:
The meeting's orderliness and efficiency are partially determined by the policy it serves. A successful agenda can help reduce group tension by keeping members centred on profitable issues and encouraging the facilitator to lead the meeting toward a reasonable outcome, in addition to assisting participants in concluding in an organized manner.
Managing Time:
The facilitator must help members work around the agenda's points in a timely way, no matter how well-tailored the agenda is. If the dialogue remains on a certain subject for too long, or if those people dominate the discussion, reaching a consensus within the planned timeline can be difficult.
Managing Administration:
Since various groups have different dynamics, a facilitator must consider the complexities of a certain community to facilitate the appropriate type of discussion. Some classes, for example, will have specific people, such as senior representatives or administrators, who do most of the talking. In this case, motivating all to contribute fairly will hurt rather than help group dynamics.
Two Main Reason To Use Facility Management:
Facilities administration also includes the accurate and productive management of communications between a company's different subsidiaries. This covers faxes and emails passed from one agency to the next. Mailroom management can be performed either on-site or remotely. In reality, many companies tend to handle their mailrooms from a remote location because it improves security. If conditions necessitate it, mailroom administration should also provide a scanning mechanism to further strengthen internal security.
Facilities maintenance firms are typically considered to be highly dependable and security-aware, which can be extremely beneficial to companies who need extra storage space for storing corporate documents and other classified information. The medical profession, in particular, is known to use facilities management firms to stop recruiting professional IT staff, although those companies may support a wide variety of other industries as well.


Milwaukee's Internationally-Acclaimed Luthier Continues His Craft
Aug 9, 2013
It's been 30 years since Denny Rauen set up shop, first in the Chicago-area and then in the Milwaukee's Riverwest. Since then, he's become an internationally-acclaimed luthier.
Denny Rauen, Riverwest's Luthier, is known nationwide.
Denny Rauen, Riverwest's Luthier, is known nationwide.
Rauen began as a designer and production manager for two guitar manufacturers in the Chicago Area. Although running the factory and designing guitars was interesting work, he soon realized it didn't appeal to him as much as did restoration, repairing and custom building - often inventing the thing he needed to make the instrument sound the way it should.
Rauen says that in manufacturing, much of what was lacking was the disconnect between the production process and the players. That's a connection that is fostered in his shop. The relationship between himself, the instrument, and the player is essential.
Rauen is a self-taught luthier, or a person who makes, repairs, and restores guitars and other stringed instruments. He learned from books and experience, continuing a craft that has been around for hundreds of years. Traditionally, the luthier craft was learned through apprenticeship and Rauen has continued that tradition today, most recently with Matt Riebe.
He's passed on his knowledge in other ways too. In the late 1970's Rauen released an article detailing the compound radius; a pivotal adaptation to the guitar, which keeps the action really low while strings are bent. He says he decided to share it because "it is so important in the music industry." By sharing something he could have patented, Rauen gave back to a community he cherishes.
Currently, there is resurgence of interest in learning instruments and more specifically a growing enthusiasm for acoustic instruments. Rauen has witnessed more and more people wanting to play a musical instrument, and he's happy to help them by making sure their instruments are tuned up and playing at their best.
Rauen says there is a deep connection people have to music and that musicians have to their instruments. And it's a magic that all of Rauen's work supports.
Denny Rauen is celebrating his 30 years of Denny Rauen's Guitars, which is found at 2473 N. Weil Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212.


An official website of the United States government
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Survival Session
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Survival sessions can be used to calculate observed survival, net survival, conditional survival, and crude probability of death. A Survival Case Listing may also be generated from a Survival session. If you are interested in other statistics, see Statistics Calculated by SEER*Stat for an overview of statistics which can be calculated in other types of sessions.
It is recommended that you work through a Survival session in the following order.
 1. Create or open a Survival session
 2. Data tab
 3. Statistic tab
 4. Selection tab
 5. Table tab
 6. Parameters Tab
 7. Output tab
 8. Execute the session
 9. View output in the results matrix
Tutorials involving Survival sessions are available on the SEER*Stat website at:
_URL_
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The Valdaro Lovers is the name given to two skeletons who have been locked in an eternal embrace for the past 6,000 years. The embracing skeletons were discovered in 2007, at a Neolithic tomb near the village of Valdaro in Mantua, Italy.
Scientists think that the couple were no older than 20 years. After an osteological examination, there was no evidence of violent death; many historians believe they died that way due to the flints tools that were found with them. The male skeleton was found with a flint arrowhead near his neck, and the female had a long stone blade along her thigh, plus two flint knives under her pelvis.


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Barriers To Justice In The Gambia
Aside from the limited provision of state-funded legal aid, a large number of Gambians have no access to the proper legal advice and representation needed to access the Gambian judicial system.
The main barriers to accessing the justice system in The Gaambia incude the folowing:
- the high costs associated with legal proceedings, including court filing fees and physically attending court proceedings
- lack of physical access to court buildings and lawyers in many of The Gambia's administrative divisions
- an intimidating formal court atmosphere, replete with technicalities and complex procedures
- significant delays in resolving matters before the courts, with civil matters taking between two and six years on average to conclude with frequent adjournments


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Translate reward | into French | into German | into Italian | into Spanish
Definition of reward
a thing given in recognition of one's service, effort, or achievement:the holiday was a reward for 40 years' service with the company he's reaping the rewards of his hard work and perseverance figurativethe emotional rewards of being a parent a fair return for good or bad behavior:a slap on the face was his reward for his impudence a sum offered for the detection of a criminal, the restoration of lost property, or the giving of information.
verb [with object]
make a gift of something to (someone) in recognition of their services, efforts, or achievements:the engineer who supervised the work was rewarded with a bonus show one's appreciation of (an action or quality) by making a gift:an effective organization recognizes and rewards creativity and initiative
) receive what one deserves:their hard work was rewarded by the winning of a five-year contract


New drywall helps save energy, therefore isn't boring
Drywall may not be the most exciting topic, and I fully accept that. But what this new drywall could do to your power bill might excite you. The new drywall is filled with tiny beads of paraffin that absorb heat during the day, and release it at night. It could be the latest thing in green building technology.
Interested yet? Well…it could very well save a building's energy consumption by 40% so here's the scoop.
Normal drywall is made from gypsum-based plaster. The new drywall will contain the paraffin capsules for almost half the mix. As the building heats up during the day from sunlight, human activity, computers, appliances, etc. the beads of paraffin in the drywall will turn into a liquid state as they absorb the heat inside the building. This helps cool the building.
Conversely, at night when the beads start to return to a solid it releases the stored heat, keeping the building warmer.
The new drywall is a result of experiments at Spain's Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. When scientists ran tests, they found 1.5-inch thick boards made from the new material had five times the thermal capacity than normal drywall at the same thickness.
Incredibly, a six-inch layer of hollow brick masonry was found to have the same capacity of the new drywall. Further, in an area where the material was tested, a temperature range of 68 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit could be maintained without using air conditioning.
Given that these tests were done in Spain, can you start to see how these results might show promise for the U.S. market?
While there are some brands of drywall using paraffin already on the market, the mixture is not nearly as high as the ratios used in the testing. The tests just confirm that expanding the limits of the mix can exponentially change the efficiency, and the material is viable as a material to alternatively help keep costs down.
It's nice to know that there are scientists thinking of things like smart walls — they'll help us save on power costs without even having to think about it!
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, via Gizmag
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text: This paper presents the effect of mechanochemical activation of on the physico-mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete. The optimal time of mechanical activation of cement slurry was defined, at which the maximum increase in the compressive strength of fine-grained concrete was achieved. The quantity of Portland cement activated by its total weight in the composition slurries was experimentally established. The effect of superplasticizer Relamiks T-2 on the properties of fine-grained concrete produced on activated binder for heat cement paste both with and without supplement, was studied. The change of particle size distribution of Portland cement subjected to mechanical activation was shown. The results of experimental studies have shown that mechanochemical activated binder can significantly increase in the early stages of hardening the bending strength (71 %) and compression strength (64 %), and maintain it in project life, which is especially important for monolithic construction. The composition of the particulate activated binder changes significantly, which leads to high physical and mechanical properties of the investigated concrete and its hardening rate.


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Metals are commonly used in various applications such as construction, transportation, and manufacturing due to their desirable mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, when exposed to certain environmental conditions, metals can undergo corrosion, which can weaken the material, reduce its lifespan, and increase maintenance costs.
Thus, it is important for metal product manufacturers to conduct corrosion-resistant tests on the metals and ensure the longevity of the materials. Thus, we at Presto have designed a high-quality lab testing instrument known as Salt Spray Chamber - Korrox IV Magnus Series Computerized. This is one of the high-quality laboratory testing equipment that is used to test the corrosion-resistant properties of metals and ensure that quality materials will be delivered to the customers.
In this blog, we will discuss a brief about the Presto corrosion test chamber and how this lab testing instrument is useful to test the corrosion-resistant properties of the metals. So, let us get started!
All about Presto Korrox IV Magnus Series Computerized
Testing metals for corrosion resistance involves subjecting the metal to various environmental conditions that may cause corrosion and monitoring the metal's behavior over time. Different tests can be used including salt spray testing that will help the manufacturers in ensuring the accuracy of test results.
This corrosion-resistant test chamber is easy to use and place the samples. Besides this, it has been built with unique design features and can perform salt spray tests in a fast manner. Korrox IV Magnus Series Computerized has an ergonomically pneumatically operated canopy with a protection interlock and has been embedded with a simple approachable salt spray atomizer in a transparent toughened Plexi glass canopy that will be easy to maintain.
Besides this, you will get a large transparent acrylic viewing window for an uninterrupted visual approach to the chamber interior and test material. It has been designed strictly designed as per industrial standards that include ASTM B117, JIS Z 2371, ISO 9227, and various other test standards. Below we have listed the features and technical specifications of this lab testing equipment.
Below we have listed the features and technical specifications of this testing instrument.
Features of Presto Korrox IV Magnus Series Computerized
The Presto Korrox IV Magnus Series Computerized HMI-based Touchscreen Model is a highly advanced testing instrument that offers a wide range of features to users. One of the key features of this instrument is its inbuilt temperature settings, which allow users to set and control the temperature of the test sample with precision and accuracy. You can easily assess the durability of metal components with the Presto salt spray chamber. Additionally, the instrument is equipped with a Salt Spray Test mode, which enables users to set parameters according to the specific test sample being analyzed.
Besides this, it has been designed with highly advanced features that include:
HMI-based Touchscreen Model
- Inbuilt temperature settings
- Salt Spray Test mode enabled to set parameters according to the test sample
- Corrosion Resistant PT-100 sensor
- Solid-state digital Programmable Temperature Controller
- Program profile for selecting test parameters and performing the test.
- Easy Data Management. Users can create PID settings, Air Saturator settings, test temperature, test and air purge time, etc.
- Current test running status display
- Robust Construction with Fiber reinforced body(Triple wall)
- Ease of use of sample placements inside the test chamber
- Pneumatically operated canopy (only for 250 Ltr. Model)
- Air purge after the test for fog settlement.
- Reservoir Tank inside sponge filter with low solution level alarm.
- 5-point Auto Tuning feature selection
- Real-time vs temperature graph
- Data recording with a temperature data reading
- USB option available (Pen drive is not a part of supply)
- User can control PID settings through Advanced Hysteresis setting
- Angle of Canopy maintained in order to restrict the flow of droplets directly on the test sample.
- Low compressed air alarm (Smart device introduce)
- Low NACL solution alarm.
- Over / under voltage protection
- Individual specimen real-time monitoring with identification.
- Maintain fault history (Easy to Diagnostic the exact issue)
Technical specifications of Presto Korrox IV Magnus Series Computerized
Display: HMI Based touchscreen 7" TFT LCD Color screen
Chamber Temp Range: Ambient to 40ºC
Test Chamber Temp. working Range: 35ºC ± 2ºC
Chamber Temperature Least Count: 0.1ºC
Chamber Temperature Repeatability: ± 2ºC
Air Saturator Temperature Range: 40ºC- 49ºC
Air Saturator Temperature Least Count: 0.1ºC
Air Saturator Temperature Repeatability: ± 2ºC
Power: 220V, Single phase, 50 Hz, 15A
pH value of Salt Solution: 6.5 to 7.2 pH
Temperature Control: Inbuilt PID Temperature Controller
Timer(Hour meter): 6 digits
Test Air Pressure: 0.7Kg/cm² - 1.2Kg/cm²
Air Regulator: 0 to 30 psi
*Compressed Air requirement: Approx. 7 cfm (Air Compressor not part of supply) Main airline pressure regulator with filter in customer scope.
With these features and technical specifications, one can easily test the corrosion-resistant properties of the materials with ease. Now, let us discuss some useful tips to get accurate testing results with the Presto salt spray chamber.
Useful tips to get accurate testing results for salt spray testing
Salt spray testing is a widely used test method for evaluating the corrosion resistance of metals and coated materials. To get accurate testing results for salt spray testing, here are some useful tips:
Follow the test method standards: The most widely used standard for salt spray testing is ASTM B117. It is important to follow the standard procedures and guidelines to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the test results. We at Presto have designed accurate salt spray testing instruments to follow the test standards.
Prepare samples properly: The test samples should be cleaned and dried thoroughly before testing. Any residual oil, grease, or other contaminants on the surface of the sample can affect the test results.
Use a consistent test environment: The test chamber should maintain a consistent temperature, humidity, and salt spray concentration throughout the test. Any variations in the test environment can affect the test results. Thus, you can set air saturator temperature repeatability and chamber temperature to ensure accurate testing results.
Record test data accurately: All test data, including the start and end times of the test, the test conditions, and the test results, should be recorded accurately. This data should be used to evaluate the test results and to compare them to previous test results.
Thus, you can easily follow these tips and ensure accuracy in test results. Just give us a call at +91-9210 903903 or email us at _EMAIL_ to know more information about this testing instrument. Our team of technical experts will consult you regarding all your needs and queries.


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Alternative Dispute Resolution (Mediation Services)
The Maine Judicial Branch was an early pioneer in providing alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in the courts, starting in the late 1970s. We continue to support the use of ADR in many different types of cases. Today, ADR is available through the Maine courts in Family Matters, Small Claims, evictions, civil and commercial cases, and in land use and environmental disputes. In some types of cases, the parties must participate in some form of ADR before they can proceed to a contested hearing. The Office of Court ADR maintains statewide rosters of neutrals who can provide mediation, arbitration, or early neutral evaluation in court cases.
To find out who is on the statewide Superior Court ADR rosters for mediation, arbitration and early neutral evaluation in civil cases, go to the Directory of ADR Neutrals on Superior Court Rosters.
To find mediators on the District Court Civil Litigation Mediation Roster for civil cases, go to the Directory of District Court Civil Litigation Mediation Roster.
To find mediators on the Land Use/Environmental Mediation Roster, go to the Land Use/Environmental Mediation Roster.
More information about ADR in the Maine courts:
- What is alternative dispute resolution?
- In what types of cases is ADR available?
- What happens in mediation?
- How do I prepare for mediation in my Family Matters case?
- How do I select a mediator, arbitrator or early neutral evaluator for my Superior Court case?
- How do I become a mediator, arbitrator or early neutral evaluator for the court?
- How do I find out about the Land Use Mediation Program? (Click here to view the Land Use Mediation brochure).
- How do I find an exit survey? (Word) Requires either Microsoft Word or the free Word Viewer.
- How do I make a complaint about a mediator on the court rosters? (PDF) This file requires the free Adobe Reader.
- Where do I find the court rules that govern ADR in the Maine courts?
- What is the Office of Court ADR?
- Learn about the Foreclosure Diversion Program for foreclosure cases.
- Contact the alternative dispute resolution (ADR) staff.


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Loyola Students Can Make Smart Choices
Loyola University Chicago's Social Norms Marketing Campaign on Alcohol
- What are'social norms'?
- Where did the statistics come from?
- Highlights from the National College Health Assessment Survey at Loyola
- Who made the posters?
- Who funded the social norms campaign?
- Contact for more information
Social norms are the perceived standards of acceptable attitudes and behaviors prevalent among the members of a community. There is a large and growing body of research that supports the idea that norms, be they real or false, have a powerful influence on behavior. In other words, what we do is influenced by what we "think" other members of our social group think and do.
Generally, we misperceive, i.e. overestimate, others' negative or harmful behavior, e.g. heavy drinking, and underestimate others' positive behavior, e.g. abstaining or drinking in moderation, or using a designated driver. Widespread misperception of social norms can contribute to an increase in negative behaviors. For example, first year students may drink heavily because they believe that everybody on campus drinks heavily.
Consistently communicating accurate information about the norms and about the prevalence of healthy behaviors can change the perceptions a group has about itself, thereby positively influencing individual behavior. A social norms marketing approach like Loyola's uses media as one means to correct negative misperceptions by letting students know that most students are moderate drinkers who practice protective behaviors to stay safe and avoid causing problems. This empowers the majority of students who already has positive behaviors to continue with their healthy choices and influences the minority who does not.
Reactions to social norms messages are often mixed. We hope that Loyola's social norms campaign will encourage critical thinking and discussion among students, faculty, and staff about real vs. perceived behaviors and attitudes about drinking.
The source for much of the above information is "The Main Frame: Strategies for Generating Social Norms News". This document, along with more information about social norms marketing and evidence of its effectiveness in reducing heavy drinking on college campuses, can be found at The National Social Norms Resource Center at _URL_. Used with permission.
How do we know that most Loyola students have 0 to 4 drinks when they party and that 9 out of 10 who drink make smart decisions about it? The statistics in Loyola's social norms marketing campaign are based upon the findings of its National College Health Assessment (NCHA) web survey. In April 2003, 662 randomly selected full-time undergraduate Loyola students completed the NCHA. The survey was confidential and completely voluntary. The NCHA asks questions about a broad range of health, risk, and protective behaviors, consequences of behavior, and perceptions among students. A current profile of health trends within the Loyola campus community is obtained by way of annual administration of the NCHA by the LUC Wellness Center. Click here for more Loyola highlights from the NCHA.
Alcohol use in the past 30 days
Loyola students thought that only 2% of students had not drank alcohol in the past 30 days. In fact, 17% reported that they had not drunk alcohol in the past 30 days.
Number of drinks when partying
Most Loyola students (59%) had 0 to 4 drinks the last time they partied.
The median number of drinks consumed by women the last time they partied was 3. The median number of drinks consumed by men the last time they partied was 6.
Safety tips for drinkers
97 % of Loyola students who drink reported using one or more of these tips when they party:
- Alternate non-alcoholic with alcoholic beverages
- Determine in advance not to exceed a set number of drinks
- Choose not to drink alcohol
- Avoid drinking games
- Use a designated driver
- Eat before and/or during drinking
- Have a friend let you know when you've had enough
- Pace drinks to 1 or fewer per hour
- Keep track of how many drinks being consumed
- Drink an alcoholic look-alike
What Loyola students didn't do as a result of their drinking last year:
- 84% did not physically injure themselves
- 97% were not physically injured by another person
- 95% were not involved in a fight
- 62% did not do something they later regretted
- 70% did not forget where they were or what they had done
- 98% did not have someone use force or threat of force to have sex with them
- 87% did not have unprotected sex
Loyolans did! Student artists enrolled in a Visual Communications course in the Fine Arts Department created the posters as part of a class assignment. They were given the social norms messages and were asked to design a creative image to help convey those messages.
The School of Business conducted focus groups in which groups of first-year residents gave their reactions to the posters. Posters were selected and modified as a result of the students' feedback.
Loyola University Chicago Wellness Center is a recipient of the 'Evidenced-based Practices for Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention on College Campuses' grant.
This grant is administered by the Illinois Higher Education Center for Alcohol, Other Drug and Violence Prevention of the Office of Safety Programs at Eastern Illinois University, and is funded by the Illinois Department of Human Services, Bureau of Substance Abuse Prevention.
For more information about Loyola's Social Norms Marketing Campaign on Alcohol, contact Health Promotion at the Wellness Center, at _PHONE_. More about social norms theory and practice can be found at The National Social Norms Resource Center at _URL_.


6 Replies Latest reply: Feb 24, 2012 10:52 PM by VladimirN. RSS
 Mathcad 15 - Opening and Closing Areas Causes Other Fields to Move
 seetheforest Copper
 I feel like this is a bug in Mathcad, but I would love it if someone had a solution for this.
 I'm using a worksheet with multiple areas in Mathcad and I have noticed that after using the worksheet for some time, the text fields above the areas will "creep" upward or downward. Additionally if I move the text fields, the first motion they make is subtle, as if they had been placed inbetween a grid space and were put back on the nearest grid.
 I hope I am explaining this in a way that you all can understand. It's really annoying to set up a worksheet and constantly have to realign everything as you use it.
 I've made a sample worksheet for you to try. If you note the difference in the spacing between the title and the area before you open it and after you open it, you can see the difference. It is really small at first, but over time it creeps farther apart depending on what you are doing in the worksheet.


text:
Math Lesson ("Systems of Equations")
by Julie Poth: Elementary Science TSA
Pinellas County School District, Largo, FL
Students look at the total costs of rows and columns of whooping crane
food items and figure out how much each food item costs.
Students will explore logical reasoning using unknowns in studying
systems of equations. Students will use logical thinking instead of guessing,
checking, and revising.
out the Meal Deal handout
(1 per student). Also make a transparency of it to use on an overhead
projector. Each of the 9 squares on the handout contains a picture of
a meal worm, bowl of crane chow, or bunch of berries, all of which are
part of the Whooping Crane diet.
Note: The project costs are not actual costs. They
were adapted so the numbers were manageable for students.
the students that the total costs for each row or column is recorded
at the end of each column and row.
that each food item: meal worms, crane chow, and berries -- costs a
specific amount of money. Their goal is to look at the rows and columns
and figure out how much each of the food item costs.
- Ask the
students to look at the rows and columns and put an X on the one row
or one column they think would be the easiest to use to figure the cost
of one food item. Ask them to explain why they chose the ones they did.
will most likely identify row 3 with the three crane chows. Since the
total cost for three crane chows is $15, each crane chow must cost $5.
3 x? = 15. If the students can't explain this, guide them to
- The students
now have a piece of the puzzle to begin solving a system of equations:
They know that the crane chow cost $5. Ask, How can you use this
information to determine the cost of the meal worms or berries?
around the room to observe how the students are solving each element.
When they have determined the cost of the meal worms and the berries,
ask them to explain how they did so. After one student identifies how
he or she solved the problem, ask if anyone used another method.
Have the students design their own 3 x 3 Square Systems of Equations.
Meal Deal handout; teacher questions and observations


text:
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Most Active Stories
That's What They Say
Sun June 24, 2012
Ever wonder what LOL means?
Laugh out loud, or lots of love?
LOL might not actually mean what you think it does. Anne Curzan is a professor of English at the University of Michigan. She told Michigan Radio's Rina Miller that students tell her they use LOL as a listening noise.
"A listening noise is what we do in face to face conversation when we show people we're paying attention, and we make little noises like, 'uh huh, uh huh, yeah,'" Curzan said.
"And what's happening when speakers are now texting or doing online chatting, they need to show people that they're there, and LOL has become an online listening noise or a back channel...the other thing it can do is show that you're kidding. So if you send a message, and you want to make sure that you're showing that you are being sarcastic or ironic or just kidding you can put LOL at the end," said Curzan.
Miller said, "Some of us might think that our language is on the skids, and it's all children's fault (LOL)."
Curzan disagrees. "I think what we see happening is that speakers are taking the English language and adapting it to the new needs that they have. And online, the communication is so fast that we need the written language now to do things that the spoken language can do for us, so we're using LOL as a listening noise, or we're doing things like using those winky faces to say, 'I'm kidding,' or 'I'm smiling right now' to help the people who are reading our messages understand."


text:
. Why is deployment to my Configuration Engine-managed PIX device not working?
There are several possibilities:
– The configuration contains invalid commands. You can test this by copying the configuration associated with the PIX device in Configuration Engine and pasting it directly into the device.
– The auto-update server command contains an invalid username and password.
– You did not wait long enough for the configuration to be polled into the PIX device. Use the show auto command to verify when the next polling cycle will occur.
– If you previously used the Configuration Engine server for the same PIX device and did not delete the PIX from the Configuration Engine server before you started the current task, it is possible that the PIX device received the previous configuration from the server before you deployed the new configuration to it.
– If none of the suggestions above solves the problem, turn on Configuration Engine debug mode (see How do I debug Configuration Engine on a PIX device?) on the PIX device and check the log for errors after the next polling cycle.
Q. Why was I able to deploy successfully to a Configuration Engine-managed PIX device the first time, but subsequent deployments were unsuccessful?
This can happen if the configuration pushed during the first deployment contains incorrect CLI commands for the auto-update feature. Check the following:
– Make sure the username and password of the Configuration Engine server is defined correctly in the auto-update command.
– Make sure that you have defined a FlexConfig that contains the necessary name commands. A FlexConfig is necessary because Security Manager does not support this command directly. As a result, even though the command was discovered, it does not appear in the full configuration.
Q. How do I debug Configuration Engine on a PIX device?
Enter the following CLI commands:
logging monitor debug
Tip You can also find relevant information in the PIX log on the Configuration Engine server.
Q. How do I debug Configuration Engine on an IOS device?
Enter the following CLI commands:
debug cns all
debug kron exec-cli
Tip When working in event mode, you can also find relevant information in the event log on the Configuration Engine server. When working in call home mode, check the config server log on the Configuration Engine server.
Q. Why did I fail to discover an IOS device and acquire its configuration through Configuration Engine?
If you see the following errors in debug mode:
*Feb 23 21:42:15.677: CNS exec decode: Unknown hostname cnsServer-lnx.cisco.com... 474F6860: 72726F72 2D6D6573 73616765 3E584D4C error-message>XML 474F6870: 5F504152 53455F45 52524F52 3C2F6572 _PARSE_ERROR


Grams to Troy Pounds Conversion - Weight Measurement

Multiplying the conversion factor 0.0026792340605668 with the amount of grams generates equivalent value in troy pounds to measure the same quantity of weight and this process is known as g to t.lb conversion. This below dynamic chart generator provides user various options to customize and generate the grams to troy pounds conversion chart for weight measurement in different ways by supplying the Start, Increase by and Round To values.

Grams to Troy Pounds printable conversion chart for weight measurement
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text:
Sports for Peace - Example: Sports for Peace Programme in Mindanao, Philippines
The concept of Sports for Peace was introduced to the Island of Mindanao, Philippines as an alternative approach to conflict transformation and peace building by the GTZ supported "Poverty Reduction and Conflict Transformation" (PRCT) Project team. It was tested in four regions in Mindanao.
After selecting the schools, the next step involved training the teachers for them to become effective trainers. The trainers/teachers were introduced to conflict sensitive approaches of dealing with the ongoing conflict. At the same time they were prepared for their assigned tasks in the Sports for Peace event. The whole team including the teachers/trainers involved in the preparation for the event embarked on developing peaceful and open atmosphere so that the students would feel comfortable and could concentrate on the programme. During the Sports for Peace programme, in preparation and for the actual sports event, the following steps were followed:
This step was the last one where the team got actively involved in. Here the students were able to show what they had learned during prior sessions and to act accordingly. The PRCT team had organized all materials required for the games including: different colored t-shirts as well as the awards for the various teams, which pictured the symbol of peace: a flying dove.
Figure 1: A step-by-step approach
Important for the success of the event is that all of the above steps depicted in figure 1 are needed for a successful Sports for Peace event. Each step builds upon each other.
Detailed activities for a Sports for Peace event
The activities which form part of each step were further sub-divided according to the age, mental and physical fitness as well as with a view to the expected outcome that should be reached by the activity. While the stepwise approach proved successful for the events organised by PRCT, they should not be treated as a value-print. The steps need to be adapted and modified according to the individual settings.
Photo 1 & 2: Adapting Sports for Peace for individual settings
Step I: Preparation, Administration and Management
Proper preparation, management and administration are important in ensuring the smooth implementation of the Sports for Peace event. If any rules are needed for managing the event these more often than not depend upon the persons responsible for the event as well as the general "management" or "organizational" culture of the community where the event is taking place.
Photo 3: There is no substitute for a good plan!
Step II: Looking Back to the Past to Find Peace
What also proved important was to present and discuss with the participants the the historical perspective of Mindanao and it various conflicts. This was necessary in order to enable participants to grasp the complexities and nature of the conflicts that have made peace so elusive. At the same time it was also necessary to discuss the different peace building and conflict transformation initiatives that had been undertaken, highlighting the success and lessons-learnt.
Activity 1: Description of the region in Mindanao where the Sports for Peace took place in
Photo 4: Learning about the history of Mindanao from each other
Step III: Peace Concept and Culture of Peace
Step III involved four modules. These were aimed at providing the participants with a broader orientation on peace concepts and pedagogical principles while developing positive values and attitudes necessary for both personal and societal transformation. The modules were developed using structured learning exercises (SLEs) and other participatory and creative activities that can be done either in classrooms or outdoor settings. The age bracket of participants was considered in developing the activities. Hence, the participants were grouped into three age brackets: 6-8, 9-11, and 12-15 years of age.
Module 1: Peace concept and activities
Activity 1: "Peace awareness"
Module 2: Personal peace
Personal Peace refers to the harmonious relationship with oneself, with others, with the natural environment, and with God, Allah or one Supreme Being. The issue of personal peace is very basic: unless a person is peaceful, nothing is peaceful to him or to her.
Module 3: Children's rights
The Convention on the Rights of a Child defines a child as a person under 18 years old, unless under the law applicable to the child the age of majority is attained earlier. While the Convention on the Rights of the Child recognizes 18 years as the upper age limit for children, it permits governments a degree of flexibility by adding the clause "age of majority".
At the end of the session or activity, the participants were able to:
Activity 1: "Picture identification"
Photo 5: Learning about their rights
Module 4: Cultural solidarity
Inter-cultural conflict and issues play a vital role in obstructing peace at the regional and national levels. It is important to realize that cultural solidarity is essential and highly desirable for peace. The cultural conflicts that are plaguing Mindanao must be resolved through non-violent strategies. The tasks of the concept were to have the people understand the different cultural values and traditions within Mindanao.
Activity 1: "Picture analysis I"
Step IV: Sports core values
The Sports for Peace programme in Mindanao aimed to inculcate sports three core values among children and youth through the process of playing:
"The marble/stone theory"
Step V: The actual sport events
The four sports chosen for the Sports for Peace programs in Mindanao — basketball, volleyball, baseball and football — were team sports that are based on popularity in the localities this concept was applied in. They are also played by both boys and girls and in mixed teams. However, other sports might be organized as long as they are intended at promoting peace and solidarity, teamwork and socialization while establishing the basic foundation of the core values of sports. The sports should likewise recognize individual talent and skills.
The sports event was the highlight of the Sports for Peace activity wherein the participating students were able to "live" the concepts and culture of peace they had learned. In the sports event, the concept, objectives and guidelines for Sports for Peace as well as the roles of all participants were discussed as these provided the bases of the evaluation and rating after the games have been played.
2. Preparatory discussions and workshops
As preparatory activities before the conduct of the games, discussions and workshops were organized to fully explain to all participants the concept and objectives of Sports for Peace.
3. The different team sports
In this section the sports requirements and rules for each sport were the main focus. Preparations before the Sports for Peace event provided exact information about e.g. the size of the field, the number of participants, the rules of the games and some simple examples on tactics. The descriptions used are those general procedures and rules known all over the world. While these general rules were applied, it was sometimes good to simplify the rules to make the sports more applicable to the students.
4. Roles of major stakeholders
There were different stakeholders involved in the Sports for Peace events and they had different roles. An important role is that of the resource person. The resource person is responsible for the overall programme and therefore needs to fully understand the whole process. The following roles proved important for the success of the Sports for Peace Events in Mindanao:
Photo 6: Involving different stakeholders and learning from the "wise-elders"
Throughout the whole process the sustainability of the different events was monitored by the PRCT team on a daily basis. Regular feedback sessions helped to continually improve the events and include the community and students in the set up of the Sports for Peace occasions. At the end of each event the team evaluated the entire process, and noted changes and improvements to be made for the next Sports for Peace event.
Photo 7: Regular feed-back sessions helped to improve the Sports for Peace events
Whether the concept of Sports for Peace proves to be a sustainable conflict transformation/peace building approach in the context of Mindanao cannot be assessed at this point in time as the number of events carried out (nine in total over two year period of time) is not sufficient as it takes a longer period to achieve a significant change of
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text:
First publishedon _URL_
The US Department of Transportation (USDoT) is to pledge $15 million to two University Transportation Centres (UTC) to advance research and education programmes that address transportation challenges.
Elaine Chao, US transportation secretary, says: "These investments in transportation research will help address our country's congestion and durability challenges."
The University of South Florida will focus on congestion relief while Washington State University will focus on improving the durability of transportation infrastructure.
Diana Furchtgott-Roth, deputy assistant secretary for research and technology, says the UTCs will help resolve congestion and deteriorating infrastructure in the US.
"Traffic jams and potholes cause daily problems for motorists, wasting their time and causing damage to vehicles," she continues. "These universities are taking practical approaches to these problems that will result in solutions that America needs now."


text:
Issue No. 12 - December (1990 vol. 39)
DOI Bookmark: _URL_

A connected hypercube with faulty links and/or nodes is called an injured hypercube. A distributed adaptive fault-tolerant routing scheme is proposed for an injured hypercube in which each node is required to know only the condition of its own links. Despite its simplicity, this scheme is shown to be capable of routing messages successfully in an injured n-dimensional hypercube as long as the number of faulty components is less than n. Moreover, it is proved that this scheme routes messages via shortest paths with a rather high probability, and the expected length of a resulting path is very close so that of a shortest path. Since the assumption that the number of faulty components is less than n in an n-dimensional hypercube might limit the usefulness of the above scheme, a routing scheme based on depth-first search which works in the presence of an arbitrary number of faulty components is introduced. Due to the insufficient information on faulty components, however, the paths chosen by this scheme may not always be the shortest. To guarantee all messages to be routed via shortest paths, the authors propose to equip every node with more information than that on its own links. The effects of this additional information on routing efficiency are analyzed, and the additional information to be kept at each node for the shortest path routing is determined. Several examples and remarks are given to illustrate the results.

adaptive fault tolerant routing; hypercube multicomputers; depth-first search; fault tolerant computing; multiprocessor interconnection networks.
K. Shin and M. Chen, "Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Routing in Hypercube Multicomputers," in IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 39, no. , pp. _PHONE_, 1990.


text:
More inputs suppliers have expressed interest in taking part in the command farming scheme amid indications of the roll out of crop production programmes by government.
The agro-inputs supply industry has recorded significant growth since last year as a result of the command farming scheme, leading to more market players expressing their interest.
Speaking at a field day at Agriculture Research Trust in Harare, K2 seed marketing agronomist Beauty Magiya said production efforts are being channelled to meet cropping and livestock requirements of the command scheme while K2 country manager John Makoni said farmers can increase productivity by adopting suitable hybrid seed varieties for their regions.
" We as K2 are supporting command agriculture one hundred percent and this year we are prepared to grow the required seeds which include maize, soya-beans and pasture'" said Mrs Magiya.
Mr Makoni said as K2 they are demonstrating the genetics which they have for the country and they are all rounders.
"We have white and yellow maize small grains to farmers. Yes there are traditional seed houses but it's up to the farmers to try new things so they can improve productivity as farming is a business," he said.
Farmers who spoke to ZBC News from Karoi and Domboshawa were upbeat of achieving high productivity this year while urging government to speed up inputs distribution.
Sources say the forthcoming command wheat programme has recorded a high subscription rate with some seed houses running wheat seeds.


text:
Summer rainfall in Tonga is expected to be severely diminished with only half the expected monthly rainfall in some places, Tonga's Meteorological director warned today, after assessing the latest El Niño forecasts.
The current situation is that Niuafo'ou recorded the highest maximum day time temperature of 30.0°C on 1 August and the lowest night time minimum temperature was 12.0°C on 17 August in Fua'amotu, Tongatapu.
Rainfall received across the country during August was normal over the Niuas and wetter than normal throughout Tonga.
Rainfall in the last three months of June-August was below normal in the Niuas and Vava'u, normal in Ha'apai and Fua'amotu and above normal in Nuku'alofa.
Meanwhile, from August 8-12 rainfall eased the dry conditions experienced as more than 100mm rainfall received in 24-hours in Tongatapu, Ha'apai and Vava'u.
However, rainfall foreast for the next three to six months continues to favour drier than normal conditions for Tonga. Communities are advised to collect as much water as possible because this pattern of three month outlook is typical El Niño years.
The islands with rainfall deficiencies are likely to intensify in the current dry season from May-October, while below normal rainfall are favoured into the wet season, November-April.
The Meteorological Office will be issuing El Niño updates every two-weeks from now to get the message across, said 'Ofa.
For Tonga, El Nino usually brings cooler night time temperatures from May to October, less rainfall and more cyclones than usual.
El Nino years are excellent for growing sweet potatoes (provided enough water is given) and crops that depend on cooler night time temperatures but it not good for rain dependent crops in the summer time.
Fruit trees and vanilla also tend to do well during El Nino due to stress induce flowering while tuna fisheries on the other hand tends to be poor due to tuna stocks migrating away from Tonga waters.


Stacker Tables: Adding and Editing Rows
Who can use this feature?
👤 Available on all plans.
Stacker Tables allow you to manage all your data in one place. You can create, edit and delete directly in Stacker without having to navigate away from your app.
Add a row
 1. Click + Add New under the rows on each table
 2. Enter information as required for each row
 3. Edit information by clicking on each field in the row
ST_rows.gif
Delete a row
 1. Check the row you want to delete
 2. Press the delete button on your keyboard
 3. Confirm deletion
ST_rows_delete.gif
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Stacker Tables: Editing and Deleting tables Stacker Tables: Editing field names and types
Stacker Tables: Adding new fields