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How do I calculate someone's age in Java?
I have two dates eg 19/03/1950 and 18/04/2011. how can i calculate the difference between them to get the person's age? do I have to keep multiplying to get the hours or seconds etc?
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look here: _URL_.html – Harry Joy Mar 4 '11 at 13:22
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marked as duplicate by onof, Andrew White, justkt, Bala R, birryree Mar 4 '11 at 13:33
4 Answers
String date1 = "26/02/2011";
String date2 = "27/02/2011";
String format = "dd/MM/yyyy";
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(format);
Date dateObj1 = sdf.parse(date1);
Date dateObj2 = sdf.parse(date2);
long diff = dateObj2.getTime() - dateObj1.getTime();
int diffDays = (int) (diff / (24* 1000 * 60 * 60));
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You use the classes Date and Duration:
You create Date-objects, then use Duration's methods addTo() and subtract()
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Duration is only available in an XML context, as the package name suggests. – Sean Patrick Floyd Mar 4 '11 at 13:32
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The following code will give you difference between two dates:
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
public class DateDiff {
 public static void main(String[] av) {
 /** The date at the end of the last century */
 Date d1 = new GregorianCalendar(2000, 11, 31, 23, 59).getTime();
 /** Today's date */
 Date today = new Date();
 // Get msec from each, and subtract.
 long diff = today.getTime() - d1.getTime();
 System.out.println("The 21st century (up to " + today + ") is "
 + (diff / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)) + " days old.");
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Why not use jodatime? It's much easier to calculate date and time in java.
You can get the year and use the method yearsBetween()
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Oxford Dictionaries Online defines embedded in the meaning I'm interested in as:
Definition of embed
verb (embeds, embedding, embedded)
[with object]
 - (often as adjective embedded) design and build (a microprocessor) as an integral part of a system or device:
 it eliminates the need for an embedded controller on the plotter
Etymonline traces the word back to a geological term, but I doubt system engineers reached to geology in coining this meaning, and while nowadays the use is widespread and common, as I think about it, there are other ways to phrase this kind of relationship/property that must have felt just as, or more intuitive — integral, intristic, bound, inherent, ingrained, nested.
I'm interested in origins of this use of this word. Who, when, in what context used it first in this meaning? Any backstory/motivation?
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Since you've got access to OED, I'd start there. I doubt they've gotten to E on the current pass (it started on M), but it's likely to have something of use, and it may have the actual answer. When's is OED's first citation? What's the context. What other uses of embed were at that time already established in engineering?... That will give you some tentative search terms for stepping the use back on Google Books. – StoneyB Jan 29 '13 at 13:45
_USER_: I don't have access to the full OED, just free oxforddictionaries.com – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 14:05
The content of etymonline is most likely from OED. – Mitch Jan 29 '13 at 14:23
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Etymonline itself says "figurative sense is from 1835".
There's a few things to note here. Firstly, in 19th Century Britain, geology was the gentleman's science par excellence; The Geological Society of London rivalled the Royal Society in respect and membership. It was not unheard of for fossil collecting to be done in top hat and tails (okay, that was just one particularly eccentric fellow, but still). Mary Anning had supported her family by selling sea shells on the sea shore.
As such, anyone who wanted to take pride in being intellectually current, wanted to consider himself reasonably knowledgeable on, and to hold informed opinions about, geology. We could compare it to the buzz around web technologies of the 1990s dot-com era.
As such, it's not at all surprising to find a geological term used figuratively, any more than it was to see nightclub posters telling us when and where they would be @ in the 90s.
The other thing is that embed is a simple word of obvious construction. It would be unusual to see someone use a geological term like quaquaversal used in other contexts (though Thomas Pynchon once used it of a beard), but we can see em- + bed and immediately widen it mentally to the figurative use. A figurative use that arguably is really no longer figurative (do you think of geology when you hear it?).
So, on we go through the centuries, or about century and a half, and the Apollo mission is making use of a computer guidance system to hopefully steer people to and from the moon. What to call this configuration?
Integral. Very bad choice, the "integrated circuits" used in it were still a hot new technology in themselves. They already had a meaning for integral and its variants.
Intristic. Invites the question, "As opposed to what?". What we could call the extrinsic parts of a Saturn V that's in space, are those parts in a control room in Texas.
Bound. Maybe. Maybe a bit too wide though.
Inherent, ingrained, nested. All of these make me wonder "what isn't?" given the context.
On the other hand, one novel feature of this computer, was that the integrated circuits, and the wiring between them was physically covered in epoxy in a way that would bring embedded to the mind of anyone looking for the mot juste to describe it physically, since the end of the 1800s.
So, of course they could have called it something else, any naming decision could have gone differently, but that embedded was chosen is pretty reasonable and understandable.
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As for the "what is opposite", it's "standalone". Computers that are not an intristic part of a bigger device but stand on their own as general-purpose devices. But I must agree immersing everything in Epoxy was standard these days and it totally evokes the geological imagery. – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 16:00
My point was more that nothing was standalone on a Saturn V, unless we count those things left on earth as part of the overall system. – Jon Hanna Jan 29 '13 at 16:17
There was a plenty of "external" control devices and computers tasked with driving various systems. Of course using one in context of a space probe would be utterly stupid design decision, but the "as opposed to what" is not really an issue. "Embedded" is not a half of a dual system, it's a design choice vs "remotely controlled". – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 16:33
I think its not being an issue, is what makes it an issue when it comes to thinking of the name; we tend to name by what is remarkable about something and which makes it stand apart from other things. To people working on that project, something being intrinsic to the design wasn't remarkable, when so many other things were intrinsic by one definition or another. – Jon Hanna Jan 29 '13 at 16:37
I think I understand: Nowadays we contrast embedded vs general-purpose, but at the time that wasn't the case; it's the "embedded in epoxy" that evolved into this modern meaning. - Is that what you mean? – SF. Jan 29 '13 at 17:35
Let's refer back to the Oxford Dictionaries Online definition of embed:
1 fix (an object) firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass: he had an operation to remove a nail embedded in his chest
 - implant (an idea or feeling) so that it becomes ingrained within a particular context:
 the Victorian values embedded in Tennyson's poetry
 - Linguistics place (a phrase or clause) within another clause or sentence:
 (as adjective embedded)
 the embedded sentence has no overt introducer
 - Computing incorporate (a text or code) within the body of a file or document:
 this is the standard way of embedding data in your program
 - (often as adjective embedded) design and build (a microprocessor) as an integral part of a system or device: it eliminates the need for an embedded controller on the plotter
All these examples show a smaller, integral item or part fixed soundly inside a larger item, in much the same way a fossil is embedded in a rock. They don't necessarily all stem directly from the original fossil use, rather it had long since became a general term and was therefore quite a natural choice for computing as well.
There are other computing uses: embedded software runs on things not usually thought of as computers, such as mobile phones and set-top boxes; an embedded system is a special system designed to run as part of a larger computer system.
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text:
Graph Paper Printable Free Template Samples
Graph paper can be defined as a form of writing paper which has a prearranged grid. The grid is useful universally for different subjects. A graph paper lets you write science data accurately or perform math equations. So, you may need the following graph paper printable free we provide in this article below.
The Uses of Free printable Graph Paper
Free printable graph paper has so many uses. One of them is for length measurement. Besides that, it can also be used for bar graphs. Then, you can also use it for line graphs. In addition, a graph paper may also work as charts. Fractions, decimals & proportions also belong to the common uses of graph paper.
Many cases found that it is used for linear equations & functions, too. Some people also use it for slopes & intercepts. It is also often used for equation system. Other uses of graph paper include for computer science, programming, calculus & limits, drawing, sketching, art practice, angle & coordinate planes, etc.
Types of Free Printable Graph Paper
Graph paper is available in different types. One of them is a rectangular graph paper. Besides that, there is also a blank computer screen. Then, you can also find a trigonometric graph paper. A number line graph paper also belongs to one of the types. Next, graph paper may also come in form of a dot paper.
The next type is a polar graph paper. You also need to know that there is an isometric graph paper, too. Another type is an engineering graph paper. Different graph papers have different functions. So, in this article, you should carefully find the free printable graph paper templates that can meet your needs.
Where to Find a Free Printable Graph Paper
If you want to have a graph paper, you can make your own template. In this case, you can consider using a computer program such as Ms. Word or Ms. Excel. If you want the manual method, you can directly make it on a sheet of paper. However, it seems & sounds too complex so that should find an alternative.
Alternatively, you can ask for help to a professional. There are many services that can help you. Even more, you can find it online. In this way, you will get good & satisfying results. You just need to request about the template design of the graph paper you want. However, it requires you to pay some money.
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Our graph paper printable free is easy to download. Besides that it is also easy to use because the graph paper is user-friendly. With nice design, the graph paper templates look eye-catching. Hopefully you find the most appropriate one.
Graph paper printable free is available in different template designs here. There are some types of graph paper and it has various uses.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Learning objectives are a type of ePortfolio item that enable you to take ownership of your learning by allowing you to manage and track personal learning goals.
- Associate learning objectives with artifacts, reflections, collections, and presentations that demonstrate progress toward your learning plan. If you submit a learning objective to a dropbox folder, its associated items go with it.
- Share learning objectives with rubrics attached to them to generate feedback and informal assessment from other ePortfolio users. (Items associated with a learning objective are not available to others unless you specifically share them.)
- Display learning objectives in presentations and add them to collections.
- Submit a learning objective to a dropbox folder for formal assessment. Associated items serve as evidence toward meeting the learning objective.
- Use learning objectives as an organizational tool by categorizing your ePortfolio items by learning experience.
- Delete learning objectives that are no longer relevant to your learning path.
Import learning objectives into your ePortfolio
If you are in an independent studies or co-op program, you might have the ability to directly import learning objectives into your ePortfolio.
- On the My Items page, click Learning Objective from the Add button.
- Click on the course you want to import learning objectives from.
- Select the check boxes beside the learning objectives you want to add.
- Click Import.
Associate items with learning objectives
Do one of the following:
- Click Associate Learning Objective from the context menu of an artifact, reflection, collection, or presentation.
- On the Edit page for an item, click Associate Learning Objectives.
- On the My Items page, select the items you want to associate with a learning objective, then click Associate Learning Objective from the More Actions button.


text:
Recording and Inputting Speed Data
The Speed Survey Location form (shown at the top left) is used for inputting speed data for individual survey locations. Of course, at least one speed survey must be done first before data can be inputted into the system. Users can print blank radar survey sheets (blank grid reports or blank data collection reports) to take into the field and record survey information.
Once a speed survey has been taken, the data can then be entered into the Speed Survey Analysis System using the Location form. The form has fields for location information, weather and road conditions, speed limit information, collision data, comments, conditions not apparent, and more.
When used in conjunction with the Traffic Collision Database, the Speed Survey System can look up and calculate average daily traffic (ADT) volumes and collision rates.
Ease of Use
Inputting survey location data is incredibly easy because the Location form uses drop-down menus in many of its fields. These menus contain pre-configured lists of data and employ the "auto-match" feature, which fills out potential matches as you type.
Users advance from field to field by simply hitting the <Tab> key, although some fields, known as "fixed length" fields, automatically advance the cursor when the maximum number of spaces has been reached.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
29th June 2016
Crops grown in Mars-like soil are safe to eat
Dutch scientists have announced that crops of four vegetables and cereals grown in soil similar to that on Mars are safe to eat.
Credit: Joep Frissel, University of Wageningen
Scientists at Wageningen University & Research Centre in the Netherlands are working on growing crops in Mars and Moon soil simulants. Just like the real Mars and Moon soil, these contain heavy metals in the same quantities. Four of the crops grown were tested for heavy metal content, and none were found to have concentrations that would be dangerous for human health. The plants are therefore safe to eat and, for some heavy metals, the concentrations were even lower than in crops grown in normal potting soil.
Earlier research by the Wageningen scientists had already demonstrated that crops are able to grow quite well on Mars and Moon soil simulants if organic matter is added to the soils. Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and copper are known to be present in the soils. If they are taken up in the parts of the crops that may be eaten, they can make the vegetables inedible for humans.
"For radish, pea, rye and tomato we did a preliminary analysis and the results are very promising," says ecologist Wieger Wamelink. "We can eat them and I am very curious as to how the tomatoes will taste. Unfortunately, we have not been able to test all ten crops yet, which is why we set up a crowdfunding campaign through which people can feel a genuine participation in this research. Donors will receive a variety of potential gifts of which my personal favourite is a dinner based on the harvest that will include potatoes grown on Mars soil simulant."
Nearly €13,000 has been raised so far. A total of €25,000 is needed to test the remaining six crops, including potatoes. With additional funding, the team will not only look at heavy metals, but also vitamins, flavonoids (they play a big role in determining the taste) and alkaloids that may be poisonous.
"It's important to test as many crops as possible, to make sure that settlers on Mars have access to a broad variety of different food sources," adds Wamelink.
In these latest experiments, the radishes had the highest amount of metals overall, with a relatively high amount of aluminium, iron and nickel. It is still unknown if the contamination only comes from the outside of the plant or also from the inside. If the radishes were properly washed, the content would probably be lower. It was very odd that the crops grown in Earth potting soil had higher contents of lead, arsenic and copper than the Martian soil simulant in particular.
It is still unknown if the take up of heavy metals is the same on Earth as it would be under the lower gravity conditions found on Mars and the Moon. Only research 'on site' is likely to solve that question. NASA is planning to send astronauts to Mars in the 2030s, while billionaire Elon Musk hopes to achieve that during the 2020s.
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12th May 2016
NASA confirms largest ever haul of exoplanets
NASA's Kepler space telescope has verified 1,284 new exoplanets – the single largest finding of planets to date.
NASA's Kepler mission has verified 1,284 new planets – the single largest finding of planets to date.
"This announcement more than doubles the number of confirmed planets from Kepler," said Ellen Stofan, chief scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "This gives us hope that somewhere out there, around a star much like ours, we can eventually discover another Earth."
Analysis was performed on Kepler's July 2015 planet candidate catalogue, which identified 4,302 potential planets. For 1,284 of the candidates the probability of being a planet is greater than 99 percent – the minimum required to earn the status of "planet." An additional 1,327 candidates are more likely than not to be actual planets, but they do not meet the 99 percent threshold and will require additional study. The remaining 707 are more likely to be some other astrophysical phenomena. This analysis also validated 984 candidates previously verified by other techniques.
"Before the Kepler space telescope launched, we did not know whether exoplanets were rare or common in the galaxy. Thanks to Kepler and the research community, we now know there could be more planets than stars," said Paul Hertz, Astrophysics Division director. "This knowledge informs the future missions that are needed to take us ever-closer to finding out whether we are alone in the universe."
Kepler captures the discrete signals of distant planets – decreases in brightness that occur when planets pass in front of, or transit, their parent stars – much like the recent Mercury transit of our Sun. Since the discovery of the first planets outside our Solar System over two decades ago, researchers have resorted to a laborious, one-by-one process of verifying suspected planets.
This latest announcement, however, is based on a statistical analysis method that can be applied to many planet candidates simultaneously. Timothy Morton, associate research scholar at Princeton University in New Jersey and lead author of the scientific paper published in The Astrophysical Journal, used a method to assign each Kepler candidate a planet-hood probability percentage – the first such automated computation on this scale, as previous statistical techniques focused only on sub-groups within the greater list of planet candidates identified by Kepler.
"Planet candidates can be thought of like bread crumbs," said Morton. "If you drop a few large crumbs on the floor, you can pick them up one by one. But, if you spill a whole bag of tiny crumbs, you're going to need a broom. This statistical analysis is our broom."
In the newly-validated list of planets, nearly 550 could be rocky planets like Earth, based on their size. Nine of these orbit in their sun's habitable zone, which is the distance from a star where orbiting planets can have surface temperatures that allow liquid water to pool. With the addition of these nine, 21 exoplanets are now known to be members of this exclusive group.
"They say not to count our chickens before they're hatched, but that's exactly what these results allow us to do based on probabilities that each egg (candidate) will hatch into a chick (bona fide planet)," said Natalie Batalha, co-author of the paper and a Kepler mission scientist. "This work will help Kepler reach its full potential by yielding a deeper understanding of the number of stars that harbour potentially habitable, Earth-size planets, a number that's needed to design future missions to search for habitable environments and living worlds."
Of the nearly 5,000 total planet candidates found to date, more than 3,200 have now been verified, and 2,325 of these were discovered by Kepler. Launched in March 2009, Kepler is the first NASA mission to find potentially habitable Earth-sized planets. It has monitored 150,000 stars over a range of 3,000 light years, measuring the tiny, telltale dip in the brightness of a star that can be produced by a transiting planet.
In 2018, NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will use the same method to monitor 200,000 bright nearby stars and search for planets, focusing on Earth-sized and Super-Earth-sized.
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3rd May 2016
Are we alone? Setting some limits to our uniqueness
A new paper suggests a way to simplify the famous Drake equation, based on observations of exoplanets discovered in the past two decades.
Are humans unique and alone in the vast universe? This question – summed up in the famous Drake equation – has for a half-century been one of the most intractable and uncertain in science. A new paper, however, shows that the recent discoveries of exoplanets combined with a broader approach to the question makes it possible to assign a new empirically valid probability to whether any other advanced technological civilisations have ever existed.
The authors show that, unless the odds of advanced life evolving on a habitable planet are astonishingly low, then humankind is not the universe's first technological, or advanced, civilisation. The paper, published in Astrobiology, also shows for the first time just what "pessimism" or "optimism" mean when it comes to estimating the likelihood of extraterrestrial life.
"The question of whether advanced civilisations exist elsewhere in the universe has always been vexed with three large uncertainties in the Drake equation," said Adam Frank, professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester and co-author of the study. "We've known for a long time approximately how many stars exist. We didn't know how many of those stars had planets that could potentially harbour life, how often life might evolve and lead to intelligent beings, and how long any civilisations might last before becoming extinct."
"Thanks to NASA's Kepler satellite and other searches, we now know that roughly one-fifth of stars have planets in habitable zones where temperatures could support life as we know it. So one of the three big uncertainties has now been constrained."
The third big question – how long civilisations might survive – is still completely unknown. "The fact that humans have had rudimentary technology for roughly ten thousand years doesn't really tell us if other societies would last that long, or perhaps much longer," he said. But Frank and co-author, Woodruff Sullivan at the University of Washington, found they could eliminate that term altogether by simply expanding the question.
"Rather than asking how many civilisations may exist now, we ask 'Are we the only technological species


text:
A Real-Time Refined Roughness Estimation Framework for the Digital Twin Model Calibration of Irrigation Canal Systems
"Digital twin (DT) models can mirror irrigation canal systems and monitor the hydrodynamic processes in real-time to help create scheduling schemes. As for the DT model of the open channel, an important parameter that needs to be calibrated is Manning's roughness coefficient (n). To establish a refined and high-fidelity DT model, the spatial variability of n along the longitudinal direction needs to be considered. Parameter optimization or identification method can estimate the values of n in different longitudinal segments along the canals.
However, the existing relevant studies overlook the hydraulic conditions and estimation accuracy in canal segmentation. Therefore, this study proposes a comprehensive segmentation scheme for roughness estimation of irrigation canal systems. Particularly, a practical real-time segmented estimation (SE) framework using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is proposed and embedded into the DT model calibration. Verified by two canal reaches and two real-world cases, our results show that, compared with the empirical equation, the SE with the EnKF improves the model prediction accuracy by 45%–60%, especially for the canal reach longer than 10 km. This study provides a generic means for DT model calibration of irrigation canals, leading to more refined and precise monitoring and prediction of hydraulic variables."
(Citation: Liu, W., Guan, G., Tian, X., et.al. – A Real-Time Refined Roughness Estimation Framework for the Digital Twin Model Calibration of Irrigation Canal Systems – Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 150(2024)1, art. no. 10227 – DOI: 10.1061/JIDEDH.IRENG-10227)


text:
Integrated Connectivity (CNVi) is an architecture for wireless connectivity devices designed by Intel for their processors. CNVi was introduced in 2017 with the launch of Gemini Lake and is also planned for future mobile chipsets starting with Cannon Lake.
CNVi is an architecture for wireless connectivity designed by Intel for their recent mobile devices. Under the CNVi architecture, the large (and typically expensive) functional blocks found on a typical radio chip are moved onto the processor or chipset itself. This includes the processor and associated logic, memory, and the MAC components of the Bluetooth and Wi-Fi cores. The remaining parts (i.e., signal processor, analog and RF functions) are left on the Companion RF (CRF) module. This ultimately reduces the bill of material size and cost of the product.
The connectivity functionality that was moved to the SoC is incorporated in a block called a Pulsar. Pulsar interfaces with the rest of SoC through its internal interfaces and buses. Pulsar interfaces with the CRF module via the CNVio interface.


-dimensional dynamic MR datasets. In this paper, we introduce a model-based deep learning network by learning the tensor low-rank prior of the cardiac dynamic MR images. Instead of representing the dynamic dataset as a low-rank tensor directly, we propose a learned transformation operator to exploit the tensor low-rank property in a transform domain. In particular, by generalizing the t-SVD tensor decomposition into a unitary transformed t-SVD, we define a transformed tensor nuclear norm (TTNN) to enforce the tensor low-rankness. The dynamic MRI reconstruction problem is thus formulated using a TTNN regularized optimization problem. An iterative algorithm based on ADMM used to minimize the cost is unrolled into a deep network, where the transform is learned using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to promote the reconstruction quality in the feature domain. Experimental results on cardiac cine MRI reconstruction demonstrate that the proposed framework is able to provide improved recovery results compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms.
翻訳日:2022-06-03 14:05:08 公開日:2022-06-02
# 出血の眼底撮影における従来モデルと深部特徴モデルの比較
Comparing Conventional and Deep Feature Models for Classifying Fundus Photography of Hemorrhages ( _URL_ )
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Tamoor Aziz, Chalie Charoenlarpnopparut, Srijidtra Mahapakulchai(参考訳) 糖尿病網膜症(英: Diabetic retinopathy)は、異常を生じ、視覚障害を引き起こす眼疾患である。 本研究は出血検出法を用いて従来型と深部型の分類を比較検討した。 特に、血管に繋がる出血、または網膜境界に居住し、困難を報告している。 当初、適応輝度調整とコントラスト強調は劣化画像を補正する。 ガウシアンマッチングフィルタ,エントロピー閾値,形態学的操作により出血の予測的位置を推定する。 出血は局所的な強度のばらつきに基づく新しいテクニックによって区分される。 特徴を従来の手法と深層モデルで抽出してサポートベクターマシンを訓練し,評価した。 各モデルの評価基準は有望だが, 比較的深層モデルの方が従来の特徴よりも有効であることが示唆された。
Diabetic retinopathy is an eye-related pathology creating abnormalities and causing visual impairment, proper treatment of which requires identifying irregularities. This research uses a hemorrhage detection method and compares classification of conventional and deep features. Especially, method identifies hemorrhage connected with blood vessels or reside at retinal border and reported challenging. Initially, adaptive brightness adjustment and contrast enhancement rectify degraded images. Prospective locations of hemorrhages are estimated by a Gaussian matched filter, entropy thresholding, and morphological operation. Hemorrhages are segmented by a novel technique based on regional variance of intensities. Features are then extracted by conventional methods and deep models for training support vector machines, and results evaluated. Evaluation metrics for each model are promising, but findings suggest that comparatively, deep models are more effective than conventional features.
翻訳日:2022-06-03 14:04:47 公開日:2022-06-02
# 意図しないニューラルデータセットの深層学習
Deep Learning on Implicit Neural Datasets ( _URL_ )
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Clinton J. Wang and Polina Golland(参考訳) Inlicit Neural representations (INR) は、連続データを保存するための高速で軽量なツールとなっているが、これまでのところ、INRをデータ表現として直接学習する一般的な方法は存在しない。 グリッドベースの機能や操作に逆戻りすることなく、任意のタイプのinrsで直接学習や推論を行うための原則付きディープラーニングフレームワークを導入する。 InR-Netsは、低差分シーケンスでINRを評価し、ネットワーク全体の準モンテカルロ(QMC)統合を可能にする。 我々は INR-Nets が $L^2$ 関数の間の写像の大きなクラスにおける普遍近似であることを証明した。 さらに、INR-Net は経験的測度の下で収束勾配を持ち、バックプロパゲーションを可能にする。 inr-netを離散ネットワークの連続的一般化として設計し,事前学習モデルを用いて初期化可能とした。 InR$\to$label)タスクとセグメンテーション(INR$\to$INR)タスクによるINR-Netの学習を実演する。
Implicit neural representations (INRs) have become fast, lightweight tools for storing continuous data, but to date there is no general method for learning directly with INRs as a data representation. We introduce a principled deep learning framework for learning and inference directly with INRs of any type without reverting to grid-based features or operations. Our INR-Nets evaluate INRs on a low discrepancy sequence, enabling quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) integration throughout the network. We prove INR-Nets are universal approximators on a large class of maps between $L^2$ functions. Additionally, INR-Nets have convergent gradients under the empirical measure, enabling backpropagation. We design INR-Nets as a continuous generalization of discrete networks, enabling them to be initialized with pre-trained models. We demonstrate learning of INR-Nets on classification (INR$\to$label) and segmentation (INR$\to$INR) tasks.
翻訳日:2022-06-03 14:04:32 公開日:2022-06-02
# 局所リプシッツ連続性の下での単調包有物の主双対外挿法と変分不等式、円錐制約サドル点、凸錐最適化問題への応用
Primal-dual extrapolation methods for monotone inclusions under local Lipschitz continuity with applications to variational inequality, conic constrained saddle point, and convex conic optimization problems ( _URL_ )
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Zhaosong Lu and Sanyou Mei(参考訳) 本稿では, 2 つの単調作用素の和で 0 を見つけ, 1 を極大単調,もう 1 を局所リプシッツ連続とする構造的単調包含問題 (mi) のクラスを考える。 特に,まず,各パラメータをバックトラックライン探索方式により適応的に更新する点と演算子外挿手法を用いて,古典的前方後方分割法を改良することにより,構造化された強mi問題を解くためのpde(primal-dual extrapolation)法を提案する。 提案手法は, ほぼパラメータフリーであり, 検証可能な終端基準を備えており, 1 つの演算子と他の演算子の分解剤のみからなる基本演算量から, 構成された強い MI 問題の$\epsilon$-Residual解を求めると, 演算複雑性が$$${\cal O}(\log \epsilon^{-1})$となる。 次に、上記のPDE法を適用して、構造化された非強MI問題を解くための別のPDE法を提案する。 得られたPDE法はパラメータフリーで、検証可能な終端基準を備え、構造化された非強MI問題の$\


text: Native to South America, the Peperomia argyreia, Watermelon, commonly known as a watermelon begonia, is a sight to behold. With leaves that look just like the rind of a watermelon, this plant is great for beginners looking for attractive house plants. It is low growing, only reaching 6 to 8-inches in height. While short, green flowers do appear, gardeners often trim them off in favor of the fleshy, dark green leaves. For the best color, keep this plant in partial sunlight, ideally near an east-facing window. Allow the soil to become try before adding water and take care not to over-water.


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Most of the time photographers opt for composites for creative purposes, but sometimes they're a necessity. Whatever the case may be, when shooting for a composite image, it's essential that the different scenes have consistent lighting. Photographer Robert Hall explains the process of photographing a composite using flash to easily execute the post-production process in Photoshop:
Hall needed to take an image of nine students standing separately in a wide-open space. If he'd used nine separate lights, it would've been really hard on the subjects. Further, the light spillage would have made the light stands appear all over the photo. He chose to use the composite technique to photograph the following image:
Steps to Create Composites
Align the Images
Working with composites can get tiring if you have to correct everything in post. It's a good idea to have as many things correct in-camera as possible. One variable to consider is the alignment of the images. Hall suggests the following tips to ensure proper alignment:
- Keep your camera still. Use a tripod and do not change it's position. It alsl helps to use a remote shutter release to fire the camera without shaking it.
- Turn off any in-body stabilization in the camera and optical stabilization in the lens. Otherwise, the system will try to compensate for shake that doesn't exist. This can cause the images to be misaligned.
- To make sure the camera doesn't hunt for focus after every frame, use manual focus mode. Hall focuses the images once on the closest subject and sets the camera to manual focus mode.
The room in which Hall was supposed to photograph had a lot of distracting elements. To prevent them from appearing in the final image, he underexposed the image and made the students pop using flash. Here's how he did it:
- To cut out most of the ambient light while still maintaining a greater depth of field, he set the aperture to f/8.
- A shutter speed of 1/250 second allowed him to cut out all of the ambient light.
- An ISO setting of 400 made the image bright enough without making the distractions visible.
Photographing the Group
Once Hall was happy with the settings, he positioned the students, making sure each was unobstructed. To light the subjects, he used a Glow EZ Lock Deep Parabolic soft-box with a grid. This ensured that he got a tight beam of light on the subjects without any spillage. He also used another eVOLV 200 with a honeycomb grid and a snoot for the rear light. Two assistants helped to carry these lights around from student to student after every shot.
"I always make sure to have the light above the subjects and pointing downward. That way, I keep the light consistent on every subject as well as cast all downward shadows. This means the shadows are going to hit the ground rather than all over the background."
He then photographed all the students individually in the position they were assigned. In the process, he made sure to take multiple images of every student with different poses and lighting setups. Once done with each student, he instructed them to move to the side so that he didn't have to work around them.
After Hall was done photographing the students, he used the key light to illuminate the other important aspects of the space, like the mascot and the sign at the top.
To make the image appear more natural, Hall placed his rear lights up at the ledge and took some shots to make the viewers feel comfortable about the rear lighting that the students had in their images.
And finally, Hall took an image of the empty space just to have an empty slate to work with during post-production.
Post Processing a Composite Image
Hall used Lightroom to adjust the exposure settings on his images them moved to Photoshop to blend them together. Here's how he did it:
- To make sure the ambience of the space looked the same in all the images, he adjusted the global adjustments uniformly. This made the exposure and the colors appear the same in all the images.
- When it came to adjusting the exposure on the individual students, he did it locally by using the brush tool. In the process, he made sure that all the students were illuminated uniformly.
- In Photoshop, he brought in all the images of the individual students to his empty slate (the picture of the empty room). For each layer, he retained the image of the students and some area around them. He did the same for the golden grizzly, the sign, and the four rear lights at the ledge.
- Once all the elements were in place and he was happy with the result, he did some final global adjustments like contrast and sharpening.
This technique comes in handy when you need to completely change the look of a space.
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Stormaktspolitikk og økt spenning? Kunsten å skille mellom is og bart i Arktis ('Great Power Politics and Increased Tension? The Art of Differentiating Analyses in the Arctic')
Internasjonal Politikk, Vol 78, No 4, 2020, pp. 466-477. In Norwegian.
The High North has been on the Norwegian foreign policy agenda for 15 years. Much has changed over this period. What characterizes the debate in 2020 are notions of great power politics and rivalry in the north. At the same time, Arctic states claim that the region is defined by cooperation and that the Arctic states have common interests that make conflict unlikely. How can two such different perceptions of the Arctic exist simultaneously? In this contribution, we separate between three different levels of security policy in and around the High North and the Arctic. This helps clarify how the region can be characterized by both cooperation and rivalry at the same time. Cooperation and rivalry differ depending on time and place, but they are not mutually exclusive.


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Walruses in Greenland
The walrus with its large body and highly distinctive tusks is easily recognisable. Its tusks can grow up to 50 centimetres (20 inches) in length and are used by the walrus as a useful tool, for example when hauling itself up onto an ice floe. The tusks are also used in self-defence when killer whales or polar bears attack the walrus, which can be up to 3 metres (10 feet) in length and weigh 1000 kg (2,200 lbs).
Where to find walruses
Walruses are seen on land and along the coast throughout East Greenland, in particular between 63° and 81° N. In North Greenland the Davis Strait, Baffin Bay and the Thule district are the best places to see walruses. In West Greenland - where the walrus does not venture onto land - they can be seen from Sisimiut and north towards the Thule district. Considering that Greenland's coastline is more than 44,000 km (27,500 miles) in length, walruses are relatively few in number.
Forage for food
Walruses generally stay close to the edge of the sea ice or on drifting ice floes where the depth of the sea is less than 100 metres (330 feet). Here it can dive to pick up mussels and molluscs, which make up its chief sources of nutrition, and it is thought that it uses its tusks to scrape the seabed looking for food.
Hunting for walruses
For the Inuits the walrus has always been an important animal to hunt, and one which was also particularly dangerous to meet in a kayak. Its beautiful tusks have afforded it respect in Greenlandic myths and legends, but also almost cost it its existence due to intensive hunting by foreign companies which began as early as the 17th century.
In 1952 the walrus became a fully protected species, and since that time populations have gradually recovered. Today quota-based hunting of the walrus takes place in Greenland's hunting districts, and the export of souvenir products from the walrus requires a CITES certificate, which can be obtained from tourist offices or in souvenir shops.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: Long-tail latency is inevitable and may be amplified for highly modular datacenter applications such as Bing, Facebook, and Amazon's retail platform, due to resource sharing, queuing, background maintenance activities, etc. Thus how to tolerate the latency variability in shared environments is crucial in datacenters. This paper proposes a distributed deadline propagation (D\+2P) approach for datacenter applications to reduce long-tail latency. The key idea of D\+2P is inspired by the traffic light system in Manhattan, New York City, where one can enjoy a chain of green lights after one stop at a red light, and it allows local nodes to perceive global deadline information and to propagate the information among distributed nodes. Local nodes can leverage the information to do scheduling and adjust processing speed to reduce long-tail latency. Then, we propose stage-service model and parallel-unit model to describe sequential/dependent pattern and partition/aggregate pattern, and implement a distributed deadline propagation framework. At last, based on distributed deadline propagation framework, we use D\+2P-enabled deadline-aware scheduling algorithm to reduce long-tail latency in our experiments, and the preliminary experimental results show that D\+2P has the potential of reducing the long-tail latency in datacenters by local nodes leveraging the propagated deadline information.


. Find the closest species to a selected species in a tree. For example, find the species closest to the European human.
 [h_all,h_leaves] = select(tree,'reference',3,...
 h_all is a list of indices for the nodes within a patristic distance of 0.6 to the European human leaf, while h_leaves is a list of indices for only the leaf nodes within the same patristic distance.
 A patristic distance is the path length between species calculated from the hierarchical clustering distances. The path distance is not necessarily the biological distance.
 3. List the names of the closest species.
 subtree_names = names(h_leaves)
 The MATLAB software prints a list of species with a patristic distance to the European human less than the specified distance. In this case, the patristic distance threshold is less than 0.6.
 subtree_names =
 4. Extract a subtree from the whole tree by removing unwanted leaves. For example, prune the tree to species within 0.6 of the European human species.
 leaves_to_prune = ~h_leaves;
 pruned_tree = prune(tree,leaves_to_prune)
 h = plot(pruned_tree,'orient','top');
 ylabel('Evolutionary distance')
 The MATLAB software returns information about the new subtree and plots the pruned phylogenetic tree in a Figure window.
 Phylogenetic tree object with 6 leaves (5 branches)
 5. Explore, edit, and format a phylogenetic tree using the Phylogenetic Tree app.
 The Phylogenetic Tree window opens, showing the tree.
 You can interactively change the appearance of the tree using the app. For information on using this app, see Phylogenetic Tree App Reference.
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British Government Condemns Ex-Gay Therapy As Harmful
British Health Minister Norman Lamb
British Health Minister Norman Lamb has issued the following condemnation of ex-gay therapy on behalf of the government's health programs:
The Department of Health does not condone the concept of therapists offering 'cures' for homosexuality. There is no evidence that this sort of treatment is beneficial and indeed it may well cause significant harm, to some patients.
It is incumbent on professionals working in the National Health Service to ensure that treatment and care, including therapy, is provided to every patient without any form of discrimination.
If someone is suffering a mental health problem, clinicians will try to help patients with whatever is causing them distress. This could involve helping someone come to terms with their sexuality, family arguments over their sexuality, or hostility from other people.
We know from research that the incidence of depression, anxiety and suicide within the gay community is significantly higher than within the heterosexual community and this is why 'No health without mental health' identifies lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people as a specific group for whom a tailored approach to their mental health is necessary.
Just last month, the British Association of Counselling & Psychotherapy came out against ex-gay therapy, pointing out that it had "no basis in science or medicine" and advising members not to offer it to clients.


Easily Simulate Airflow Using Splines in C4D
Nikolaus Schatz shows how you can visualize airflow in C4D using splines.
Splines are extraordinarily useful components in 3D. You can use a spline as construction for modeling, reference or rendering, or all three. This new tutorial from Nikolaus Schatz shows how you can use splines to create a simple airflow visualization, like the one seen on the Xbox explainer.
The tutorial shows why hair rendering may not be the way to go, and then finalizes the experiment by using Octane to create the shaders and render the animation.


FabienM FabienM - 1 year ago 78
Scala Question
What does '&' and '%' mean in operators -&, -%, +&, +% in Chisel3?
I'm trying to learn Chisel3 with the GCD example given in official web page. This example use operator named -%, what does that mean ?
It's not explained on Wiki operator page. And Cheatsheet says "substraction" as the normal substraction symbol '-'.
Then what is the difference between simple substraction '-' and percent substraction '-%' ?
[edit]
Ok, I found the definitions of these functions under chisel3 code :
// TODO: refactor to share documentation with Num or add independent scaladoc
def unary_- : UInt = UInt(0) - this
def unary_-% : UInt = UInt(0) -% this
def +& (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt((this.width max other.width) + 1), AddOp, other)
def + (other: UInt): UInt = this +% other
def +% (other: UInt): UInt = (this +& other) tail 1
def -& (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt((this.width max other.width) + 1), SubOp, other)
def - (other: UInt): UInt = this -% other
def -% (other: UInt): UInt = (this -& other) tail 1
def * (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt(this.width + other.width), TimesOp, other)
def * (other: SInt): SInt = other * this
def / (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt(this.width), DivideOp, other)
def % (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt(this.width), RemOp, other)
def & (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt(this.width max other.width), BitAndOp, other)
def | (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt(this.width max other.width), BitOrOp, other)
def ^ (other: UInt): UInt = binop(UInt(this.width max other.width), BitXorOp, other)
With & operator the result of substraction or addition will be the size of the bigest operand plus one bit.
But with % operator the result of operation will be the size of the bigest operand ... as with normal + or -. Then what is the difference between - and -% and between + an +% ?
Answer Source
My apologies for not including this information on the Wiki operator page, I will add it shortly.
You have hit the nail on the head with your edit: +& and -& are expanding operators in that the width of the result is equal to the size of the widest operand plus 1. +% and -% are non-expanding operators in that the width of the result is equal to the widest operand.
+ just aliases to +% while - aliases to -%.
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text:
The sauce is a extruded mixture of carbon black, kaolin, chalk and glue, sold in the form of short sticks, wrapped in foil. In their artistic qualities, it resembles a pastel, but more saturated in tone. Has great expressive power and are equally successfully applied to thumbnails and sketches to large works. Sauce exactly fall on the paper, can be applied by stroke and feather, goes well with other materials, such as coal or ink. It has 10 colour shades: white (more suited for drawings on tinted paper), brown, gray, khaki, black (gives a very beautiful, deep, velvety shades from the darkest to lightest) and some others. Draw the sauce in two ways – dry and wet.
A dry method. For drawing you can take a smooth paper, but most paper is used on an invoice basis. Work dry sauce about the same as coal. The transition from dark tones to lighter is achieved by rostoski – pointed fingers, a tightly rolled from cut triangle paper strips. Dry sauce are the main forms of the picture, and the details applied by the Italian pencil. Drawings made in the dry way, fix varnish, kept under glass, or shift a thin paper.
To draw in the wet way easier. Take a thick, grainy paper. Break off a piece of sauce and put it in a container with a small amount of water. The less water, the more intense will be the color. Taken brush like watercolors. Prepare another supplementary sheet, on which you can test the saturation of the paint on the brush. Drying the sauce is fixed on the paper, but it is easily erased by the elastic band, good shade, so the transitions from tone to tone are made dry. Fine details are drawn with watercolor brushes, a wide plane – bristle. Drawings made wet sauce, the fixation is not needed.
Often these two methods are combined in one figure. To do this, first apply the shades wet sauce from light to dark. Small parts are drawn in the dry way.


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What is the meaning of United Nations symbol?
The United Nations Emblem Symbolism: The olive branches symbolize peace. The world map depicts the area of concern to the United Nations in achieving its main purpose; peace and security. Use: The use of the emblem is restricted.
Who designed UN flag?
Flag of the United Nations
|Proportion||2:3 or 3:5|
|Adopted||December 7, 1946|
|Design||A white UN emblem (a polar azimuthal equidistant projection world map surrounded by two olive branches) on a blue background.|
|Designed by||Donal McLaughlin (emblem only)|
When was uno flag adopted?
The United Nations flag was approved by General Assembly resolution 167 (II) on 20 October 1947. The resolution states "the flag of the United Nations shall be the official emblem adopted by the General Assembly under the terms of its resolution 92 (I) of 7 December 1946, centered on a light blue ground."
Why is the UN color blue?
Symbolism of the UN Flag The blue background is meant to symbolize a peaceful environment and is said to be the opposite of the traditional red color, which often represents war and the lives lost during war.
What is the importance of UN logo and flag?
The two olive branches represent peace and the map represents the countries of the world. The emblem therefore stands for peace between nations. The flag was first officially attached to flag poles on October 20, 1947, and consists of the official emblem of the UN in white on a blue background.
Who is the designer of UN logo?
Oliver Lincoln Lundquist
Oliver Lincoln Lundquist, a talented architect and industrial designer, worked for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), CIA's predecessor, during World War II and led the team that designed the official United Nations emblem.
Who created the UN logo?
Where did the UN logo come from?
The map was created for a 1945 UN conference in San Francisco by a team including the American architect Donal McLaughlin (who also designed the interior of Tiffany's jewellery store in New York City). It is a circular world map centred on the North Pole and surrounded by olive branches.
Who created the United Nations logo?
What is the motto of UN?
Peace, dignity and equality on a healthy planet.
Who logo means?
The WHO logo consists of the WHO emblem and the words "World Health Organization" or "WHO". Protection of the WHO logo and emblem. The use of the WHO logo is restricted to institutions that have an official collaborating status with WHO and only in conjunction with the work that they are undertaking for WHO.
What is the motto of United Nations?
What is logo of Unesco?
The Flag of UNSECO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is one of the official symbols of the institution. The format consists of the white organization emblem on a blue background. The colors blue and white are the official colors of the United Nations.
Which organization does the UN emblem represent?
The original emblem of the United Nations was created by a team of designers during the United Nations Conference on International Organization in 1945.
WHO made famous logos?
19 Iconic Logo Designers:
- Paul Rand – IBM.
- Ivan Chermayeff – Showtime.
- Tom Geismar – Mobile.
- Sagi Haviv – Library of Congress.
- Paula Scher – Citi.
- Steff Geissbuhler – Time warner Cable.
- Milton Glaser – I Love NY.
- Rob Janoff – Apple.


text:
Patient Rule Induction Method with Active Learning
|Termin||Fr 29. November 2019|
|Kurzfassung||PRIM (Patient Rule Induction Method) is an algorithm to create hyperboxes that are human comprehansable. But PRIM requires relatively large datasets. It has been shown, that using ML models (e.g. Random Forrest) that generalize faster can increase performance by around 75%.
In this Thesis we are trying to increase the overall performance even further, using an active learning approach in order to train the models. Acquiring labels for a given dataset can be quite costly, with active learning only a small part of the dataset has to ben labeled (if at all). Furthermore, a preliminary experiment indicated, that combining these methods does indeed increase performance even further.


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May 20, 2013 | 08:30 AM (BD Time)
20 May, 2013 Monday
'Nijhum Dwip' for tigers planned
. UNB, Dhaka
The government has planned to introduce the Bengal tiger to the densely deer-populated forests like Nijhum Dwip to boost tiger population as well as to maintain the balance of the ecosystem in the forests.
"We're considering introducing tigers to the highly deer-populated forests like Nijhum Dwip. We've already talked to the World Bank in this regard," Environment and Forests Minister Dr Hasan Mahmud told a discussion at city's Osmani Memorial Auditorium on Sunday morning.
The Department of Forest under the Ministry of Environment and Forests will organise the discussion, marking the Global Tiger Day - a global event to raise awareness for tiger conservation.
This year's theme of the day is 'Save Sundarbans Tiger Landscape'.
Environment and Forests secretary Mesbah ul Alam, vice chancellor of Dhaka University Prof Dr AAMS Arefin Siddique and IUCN country representative Ishtiaq Uddin Ahmad, forest conservator Tapan Kumar Dey and associate professor of Jahangirnagar University Dr Monirul Hasan Khan, among others, spoke at the discussion. Chief Conservator of Forest M Yunus Ali presided.
Speaking as the chief guest, Dr Hasan Mahmud said as the Forest Department has increased its vigilance in the forests to check wildlife poaching and smuggling and the deer are breeding in large numbers in the Nijhum Dwip every year, the deer population is increasing day by day in the forest.
"As tigers are used to eating deer meat, tigers should be introduced to Nijhum Dwip to maintain the balance of ecosystem in the forest," he said.
Referring to the historical presence of the Bengal tigers in the country, the Environment and Forests Minister said once tigers were found all over the country, even near Dhaka, but there are now only 440 tigers in the Sundarbans, according to the Tiger Survey 2004.
He said the Global Tiger Initiative announced a plan to double the world's tiger population by 2022, but it is quite impossible to increase tiger population that much in Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest, due to its small size.
Terming the Sundarbans the world's most densely tiger populated forest, Hasan Mahmud said one tiger lives on average in 200 square kilometers of forests in Russia where only 15-20 kilometers in the Sundarbans.
He said as tiger foot prints are currently used to survey tigers in the Sundarbans and it is not a scientific method of tiger survey, the government will set up cameras to count tigers in the tiger habitat.
The Forests Minister said the government has taken a number of initiatives to protect tigers, wildlife, biodiversity and ecosystem in the Sundarbans. "We signed two protocols with India to protect the common Sundarbans and tigers. We have decided to provide 'risk allowance' among those who work in the Sundarbans."
He said the government introduced compensation for the victims of wild animal attacks (tiger and elephant) last year. "We've already distributed Tk 50 lakh among the victims."
Hasan Mahmud stressed the need for involving people in forest management and creating mass awareness to protect tigers as well as the country's forests. "We must conserve the ecosystem of the forests to ensure a livable planet for the future generation."
About the extinction of tiger species, he said there were about 100,000 tigers in the planet in the beginning of the last century (100 years ago) and now the number declined to about 4000. "If the trend continues, tigers will be extinction from the planet one day," Hasan said.
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text:
The PIPEX project – Securing Gas Transport Capacity in Pipelines of the North Sea
PIPEX is a project to explore the increased gas transport capacity in subsea pipelines through increased accuracy in numerical modelling of sea bottom temperature.
The PIPEX project focuses on modelling and simulating the transport of natural gas through subsea pipelines taking into account oceanic conditions. The natural gas produced by Norway is transported to Europe in large diameter subsea pipelines, and the state of the entire pipeline system is modelled and simulated in real time. The computer models are also used for leak detection and for forecasting and estimating the capacity of the pipelines. The accuracy of the capacity estimations is important for the optimisation of the existing infrastructure and for the design of new pipelines.
How does it work?
Norway provides around 15-20% of the European gas which is transported to Europe in long, large-diameter subsea pipelines operated by GASSCO. The subsea pipelines only allow measurements of the gas properties at the inlet and outlet of the pipes. This makes the Norwegian gas pipeline system quite unique as the majority of other pipelines (which are onshore) allow more frequent measurements.
To compensate for the lack of observations along the pipeline the entire system has to be simulated by computer models. Specific relevant aspects include:
- Leakage detection systems depends on accurate models. The most critical factor is temperature.
- Preventing the formation of hydrate (='Gas Ice'), optimum use of additives MEG/TEG
- Increased pipeline capacity: cold winter->increased gas demand->colder water->lower gas temperature->lower volume->increased gas transport capacity
The sea bottom temperature is a particularly important parameter when calculating the transport capacity in a subsea gas pipeline as the volume of the gas is nearly directly proportional to the temperature. Accurate estimations of the pipeline capacities are crucial to maximize the potential in the existing gas network, including sales, and to minimize the cost of building new pipelines.
Optimal operation of the Norwegian gas pipeline network relies strongly on the quality of computer models. GASSCO and Polytec are working together to develop best solutions. The results from this research project will help increase the optimization of operational control, capacity estimation and monitoring of gas transport in subsea pipelines.
This work aims to improve and understand sea bottom temperature predictability from forecast models. Improved accuracy of input temperature data to operational pipeline simulations will allow Gassco to better predict gas flows in the pipelines, to allow improved operational decision making and ultimately significant commercial benefits.
- Research Council of Norway
- Gas and oil companies
Copernicus Marine Service Added-Value
Sea bottom temperature data from the North West Shelf Forecasting model are currently used as input to the computer models at GASSCO. These input data are calculated sea bottom temperatures because observed sea bottom temperature data along the pipelines are not available. Recent analyses of the deviation between the modelled and measured gas temperature in the pipelines show a maximum temperature difference of up to 2 °C.
Reducing this deviation by improving the estimation of the sea bottom temperature will have a key economic incentive for the main project. The results may also decrease operational uncertainty and improve operational flexibility.


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Aid and abet
What's the meaning of the phrase 'Aid and abet'?
To help and encourage, usually in the commission of a crime or anti-social act.
What's the origin of the phrase 'Aid and abet'?
'Aid and abet' is a common enough expression but, whilst 'aid' is well-known, what does 'abet' mean exactly? The word derives from the French 'abeter' - to hound, which itself derives from the Norse 'beita' - to cause to bite.
The phrase 'aid and abet' was coined in the late 18th century, by which time the term 'abet' had lost its original 'cause to bite' meaning. An early example of its use dates from 1798, when George Washington included it in a letter, first published in Writings, 1893. He didn't appear to have any better opinion of the French than that of the US administration concerning the Gallic reluctance to aid and abet the war in Iraq:
"My mind is not a little agitated by the outrageous conduct of France towards the United States, and at the inimitable conduct of its partisans, who aid and abet their measures."
Bear baiting, or as it was first called 'bear abetting', was a popular entertainment in England between the 16th and 19th centuries. It took place in pits in 'bear gardens', in which tethered bears were torn to pieces by trained bulldogs. Such pits were commonplace and some still exist, although they are of course no longer in use.
This'sport' wasn't viewed with the distaste we now have for animal cruelty - Queen Elizabeth I condoned the practice by attending baitings, one of which resulted in 13 dead bears. The Elizabethan writer Robert Laneham described the scene:
"It was a sport very pleasant to see, to see the bear, with his pink eyes, tearing after his enemies approach... and when he was loose to shake his ears twice or thrice with the blood and the slaver hanging about his physiognomy."
So, if you plan to help someone, aid them by all means, but no biting please.


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The physical processes in a system relativistic microwave generator - power supply unit with a strong feedback are investigated. A computer model is constructed to calculate the output parameters of these systems substituted by equivalent circuits. A model is constructed for a linear induction accelerator based on magnetic elements intended for operation with relativistic magnetrons the nonlinear units of the equivalent circuit of which are calculated in the context of the theory of average motion.
|Number of pages||10|
|Journal||Russian Physics Journal|
|Publication status||Published - Oct 2003|
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)


text:
The Frames Film Program is a film production and life skills program that provides opportunities for youth to learn the basics of filmmaking in a supportive, safe and fun environment.
Youth collaboratively create short film projects expressing their thoughts and ideas for change. In some cases, youth will conceptualize, film, and edit a film for a partnered non-profit organization to gain hands-on work experience and build community engagement. All projects are shared with the community via numerous events and media channels after each course.
Several of our participants' short films have had great success on the film festival circuit. Where We Sleep (2012) screened at the Reel 2 Real Film Festival for Youth and won Best Directing for its brave team. What Is A Home? (2013) won Best Film at the Surrey Homelessness and Housing Society's Youth Film Competition, and is an official selection of the Reel Youth Film Festival which premiered the PSA at the Vancouver International Film Festival and has toured over thirty countries worldwide.
Over the past 11 years, our approach has proven to help youth with significant barriers develop a wide range of skills and begin to take necessary steps towards employment and community attachment.
Each ten-week cycle involves weekly lessons and two shooting and editing weekends
Receive support from a full youth Case Management Team, a Frames' Social Worker and Film Instructor
Gain life and employment skills, industry knowledge from guest speakers, and technical filmmaking skills.
Program Evaluations & Toolkit
McCreary Centre Evaluation
An evaluation report conducted by the McCreary Centre Society that assesses the capacity of our program for addressing areas of well-being (ie. life skills, addictions, psychosocial functioning) and increased awareness of the mental health challenges affecting youth.
A study of the Frames Film Program, conducted by the University of British Columbia, that examines the impact of arts-based programming on marginalized youth and their surrounding communities.
Donate To Frames Film Program
Our programs are funded by government grants and donations from generous companies and individuals.


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** Archived Article - please check for current information. **
February 23, 2012
Archaeological excavations open at Great Pee Dee March 5
The 16th Annual Johannes Kolb Archaeology and Education Project will be March 5-10 and March 12-16 at Great Pee Dee Heritage Preserve, a 2,725-acre preserve in Darlington County owned and managed by the S.C. Department of Natural Resources.
On Saturday, March 10, from 9 a. m. to 4 p.m., the public is invited to tour the excavations at the Johannes Kolb Site. There will be a host of demonstrators at the site for the March 10 public day. Numerous time periods when people lived at the Kolb site will be represented including: 18th century Native Americans and European colonists; late 19th century African-American sharecroppers; and demonstrations of primitive skills (stone tools, friction fire and aboriginal cookery).
Excavations will take place at the site on March 5-10, 12-16. Someone will be on site every day from 9 a.m. until 4 p.m. to talk with students and visitors. School groups wishing to visit may contact Sean Taylor, S.C. Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Heritage Trust archaeologist, at _PHONE_ in Columbia or by e-mail at _EMAIL_.
More than 90 percent of the Native American artifacts excavated from the Kolb Site are the discarded by-products, i.e. flakes, of the stone tool-making process. Many of the historic artifacts represent the mundane day-to-day activities of making a living from the river swamp. Both are equally important to our understanding of what life was like for people who lived along the Great Pee Dee River for the last 12,000 years. However, these artifacts are not as exciting as those occasional pieces that represent the people who called the Kolb site home.
"Throughout the two week season we are planning to continue sampling the site with two meter square excavations," said Taylor. "Visitors are welcome to come out, jump in and assist with excavation, screening and note taking. Our goal is to demonstrate what archaeology is all about and most importantly what it can tell us about our ancestors."
A multi-component prehistoric site is present on the preserve with Native American remains from Paleoindian (11,000 years ago), Early Archaic (10,000 to 8,000 years ago), Early Woodland (4,000 to 2,000 years ago) and later Woodland times (2,500 to 1,500 years ago). Thoms Creek pottery, from the Early Woodland period, has been found on the site, and a sizable fragment was recovered in 2004. Thoms Creek is some of the earliest Indian-made clay pottery in the continental United States. In 1998, a Hardaway Point dating back 11,000 years was discovered at the Great Pee Dee Heritage Preserve, and in 2000 a portion of a 12,000-year-old Clovis Point was found.
Artifacts from the 19th century, such as broken glass, bricks and nails, have also been found on the preserve. In total, more than 200,000 artifacts have been recorded at the site in the past years of fieldwork. Chip Helms of Darlington, a past member of the S.C. Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology's Archaeological Research Trust Board, first recorded this site and others on the preserve in 1975. Helms, who has explored the preserve since he was a young boy, has been the driving force behind the current excavations.
- Spring turkey season forecast fair; youth day March 31
- Renowned herpetologist featured at Palmetto Sportsmen's Classic March 23-25
- Archaeological excavations open at Great Pee Dee March 5
- Three states add bass fishing as high school varsity sport: Will S.C. follow suit?
- Dixie Hornet Anglers conduct another successful tournament on Lake Secession
- S.C. Drought Committee to meet in Columbia on March 8
- Harry Hampton Wildlife Fund donates $104,050 to DNR
- Record size blue catfish caught from Santee Cooper system
- Oyster shell recycling drop-off opens at Kalmia Gardens in Hartsville
- Oyster shell recycling drop-off opens in Florence County
- S.C. Wildlife's 28th annual outdoor photo contest accepting entries
- Aiken County wildlife area will open to the public four Saturdays in March
- Prescribed burns planned at Forty Acre Rock Preserve in Lancaster County
- Camp Wildwood of South Carolina open for 2012 registration
- Freshwater fishing trends
- Saltwater fishing trends
- S.C. weekly tidetable
- DNR video


text:
- pretend (v.)
- late 14c., "to profess, assert, maintain" (a claim, etc.), "to direct (one's) efforts," from Old French pretendre "to lay claim," from Latin praetendere "stretch in front, put forward, allege," from prae "before" (see pre-) + tendere "to stretch," from PIE root *ten- "to stretch" (see tend).
Main modern sense of "feign, put forward a false claim" is recorded from c.1400; the older sense of simply "to claim" is behind the string of royal pretenders (1690s) in English history. Meaning "to play, make believe" is recorded from 1865. In 17c. pretend also could mean "make a suit of marriage for," from a sense in French. Related: Pretended; pretending.
- pretend (n.)
- "fact of pretending," 1888, from children's talk, from pretend (v.). Earlier in same sense was verbal noun pretending (1640s).


Browse Publications Technical Papers 2019-01-2254
Measurements and modeling of ozone enhanced compression ignition in a rapid compression machine and optically-accessible engine 2019-01-2254
For the present study, an ultraviolet light absorption diagnostic was used to measure O3 concentration during the compression stroke of a rapid compression machine and an optically-accessible research engine. Charge oxygen concentration, initial temperature, and equivalence ratio were varied; neat iso-octane was used for fueled experiments. Measurements were compared to single-zone chemical kinetic simulation results. Rapid thermally induced O3 decomposition was observed near top dead center. Ozone decomposition advanced when the charge temperature was increased, oxygen concentration was reduced, or fuel was added. While the model well-captures the experimental trends, for unfueled conditions the temporal prediction of O3 decomposition is generally too far retarded.
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{\left\...
...\left\{ {{y_n^q-1}\over {y_n-1}} \right\}}}
={p\over q}=\beta .\end{displaymath}
The next lemma shows that $\{y_n\}\to 1$ and completes the proof of theorem 7.10.
7.11 Lemma. Let $\{x_n\}$ be a sequence of positive numbers such that $\{x_n\}\to 1$, and $\{x_n\} \not = 1$ for all $n\in\mbox{${\mbox{{\bf Z}}}^{+}$}$. Then for each $q$ in $\mbox{${\mbox{{\bf Z}}}^{+}$}$, $\displaystyle { \{x_n^{{1\over q}}\} \to 1}$.
Proof: Let $\{x_n\}$ be a sequence of positive numbers such that $\{x_n\}\to 1$. Let $\displaystyle { y_n=x_n^{{1\over q}}}$ for each $n$ in $\mbox{${\mbox{{\bf Z}}}^{+}$}$. We want to show that $\{y_n\}\to 1$. By the formula for a finite geometric series
\begin{displaymath}1+y_n+\cdots +y_n^{q-1}={{(1-y_n^q)}\over {1-y_n}}={{(1-x_n)}\over {1-y_n}}\end{displaymath}
so
\begin{displaymath}(1-y_n)={{(1-x_n)}\over {1+y_n+\cdots +y_n^{q-1}}}.\end{displaymath}
Now
\begin{displaymath}0 \leq \vert 1 - y_n\vert ={\vert 1-x_n\vert \over \vert 1+y_...
...n\vert \over 1+y_n+\cdots +y_n^{q-1}} \leq \vert 1 - x_n\vert.
\end{displaymath}
Since $\{x_n\}\to 1$, we have $\lim\{\vert 1 - x_n\vert\} = 0$, so by the squeezing rule $\lim \{\vert 1 - y_n\vert\} = 0$, and hence
\begin{displaymath}\lim \{ y_n\} = 1.\mbox{ $\diamondsuit$}
\end{displaymath}
7.12 Lemma (Calculation of $A_1^b{[}t^r{]}$.) Let $b$ be a real number with $b > 1$, and let $r\in\mbox{{\bf Q}}\setminus \{-1\}$. Then
\begin{displaymath}A_1^b[t^r] =
{b^{r+1}-1\over r+1}.\end{displaymath}
Proof: By lemma 7.7,
\begin{displaymath}A_1^b[t^r]=(b^{r+1}-1)\lim\Big\{ {{b^{{1\over n}}-1}\over {b^{ {{r+1}\over
n}}-1}}\Big\}.\end{displaymath}
By theorem 7.10,
\begin{displaymath}\lim\left\{ {{b^{{1\over n}}-1}\over {b^{ {{r+1}\over n} }-1}...
...r n}}-1}
\over {b^{ {1\over n} }-1}}\right\}}
={1\over {r+1}},\end{displaymath}
and putting these results together, we get
\begin{displaymath}A_1^b[t^r]={{b^{r+1}-1}\over {r+1}}.\mbox{ $\diamondsuit$}\end{displaymath}
7.13 Lemma. Let $r\in\mbox{{\bf Q}}$, and let $a,c \in \mbox{${\mbox{{\bf R}}}^{+}$}$, with $1 < c$. Then
\begin{displaymath}A_a^{ca}[t^r] = a^{r+1} A_1^{c}[t^r]. \end{displaymath}
Proof: If
\begin{displaymath}P = \{ x_0,x_1,\ldots,x_n\} \end{displaymath}
is a partition of $[1,c]$, let
\begin{displaymath}aP = \{ ax_0,ax_1,\ldots,ax_n\} \end{displaymath}
be the partition of $[a,ca]$ obtained by multiplying the points of $P$ by $a$. Then
\begin{displaymath}
\mu(aP) = a\mu(P).
\end{displaymath} (7.14)
If
\begin{displaymath}S = \{s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_n\}\end{displaymath}
is a sample for $P$, let
\begin{displaymath}aS = \{as_1,as_2,\ldots,as_n\} \end{displaymath}
be the corresponding sample for $aP$. Then
\begin{eqnarray*}
\sum([t^r],aP,aS) &=& \sum_{i=1}^n (as_i)^r(ax_i - ax_{i-1})\\...
...um_{i=1}^n s_i^r (x_i - x_{i-1})\\
&=& a^{r+1} \sum([t^r],P,S).
\end{eqnarray*}
Let $\{P_n\}$ be a sequence of partitions of $[1,c]$ such that $\{\mu (P_n)\}\to 0$, and for each $n\in\mbox{${\mbox{{\bf Z}}}^{+}$}$ let $S_n$ be a sample for $P_n$. It follows from (7.14) that $\{ \mu( aP_n)\} \to 0$. By the area theorem for monotonic functions (theorem 7.6), we have
\begin{displaymath}\left\{ \sum([t^r],P_n,S_n) \right\} \to A_1^c[t^r] \mbox{ and }
\left\{ \sum([t^r],aP_n,aS_n) \right\} \to A_a^{ca}[t^r].
\end{displaymath}
Thus
\begin{eqnarray*}
A_a^{ca}[t^r] &=& \lim \{ \sum([t^r],aP_n,aS_n) \} \\
&=& \li...
...r],P_n,S_n) \} \\
&=& a^{r+1}A_1^c[t^r]. \mbox{ $\diamondsuit$}
\end{eqnarray*}
7.15 Theorem (Calculation of $A_a^b{[}t^r{]}$.) Let $a,b\in\mbox{${\mbox{{\bf R}}}^{+}$}$ with $a<b$, and let $r\in\mbox{{\bf Q}}$. Then
\begin{displaymath}A_a^b[t^r]=\cases{
{\displaystyle {b^{r+1}-a^{r+1}}\over


Analogous to nCRP and nDP, nCRF is a marginalisation of nHDP. The metaphor based on CRP and CRF to understand this process is slightly different: There are multiple cities, and each city has infinite restaurants with infinite table. The card on the table has the name of another restaurant in the same city as with nCRP. However, there are also an infinite number of menus organised using nCRP. The tree structures for all cities and menus are the same. A customer visiting a city dines first at the root restaurant and again chooese a table using nCRP. But this time, the meal is ordered from the menu (at the same position of the infinite tree) according to popularity as determined by CRF. Hence, nCRF combined with CRF helps to share the menus between restaurants, and nCRP helps to build the hierarchy.
Indian Buffet Process (IBP). Marginalising a BP through,
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} IBP(X) = \int P(X|B) \mathrm{d} B,\,\, B \sim BP, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where the mixing measure $B$ comes from a BP. The basic IBP can be found in References [77, 78]. The metaphor for IBP is as follows: There is an Indian buffet restaurant with infinite number of dishes. The first customer walks into this restaurant and picks $\text{Poisson}(\alpha)$ number of dishes. The $i$th customer follows the former customers and picks an formerly selected dish with a probability of $\frac{n_k}{i}$, where $n_k$ is the number of customers picking dish $k$, and then she picks $\text{Poisson}(\frac{\alpha }{i})$ number of new dishes that no one has chosen them before. The customer-dish selection from such procedure has been proven to be a sample from $\text{IBP}(\alpha)$. In machine learning, IBP is often used as the prior for a binary matrix with an unfixed number of columns, which is especially suitable for the factor analysis.
Nested Indian Buffet Process (nIBP) [31]. Similar to nCRP, a nested version of IBP is able to build a hierarchy where each layer is composed of a number of IBPs (i.e., the number of features in IBPs at the up-layer). Continuing the metaphor, there are infinite number of Indian buffet restaurants in a city, each has an infinite number of dishes, and a card with the address of another restaurant in the same city next to each dish. Hence, the restaurants in this city are organised as an infinite tree structure. A customer who visits the root restaurant in this city and chooses dishes using the IBP strategy but uses a layer-dependent probability $\text{Poisson}(\frac{\alpha /\ell }{i})$ to choose any new dishes. The next day, the customer will visit all the restaurants on the cards next to her chosen dishes. Note that a customer can go to multiple restaurants with nIBP, rather than only a single one in nCRP.
After building an appropriate Bayesian nonparametric models for a specific task, the next step is to infer the latent variables defined in the model (more accurately, the posterior joint distribution of latent variables), given an amount of observed data. To obtain the posterior distribution, there are two main methodologies: sampling-based (i.e., Markov chain Monte Carlo) and optimisation-based (i.e., Variational inference). The most straightforward candidate for the Bayesian model posterior inference is Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) (e.g., Gibbs sampling), which has also been widely adopted for Bayesian nonparametric models. The basic idea of MCMC [3] is to approximate a (posterior) distribution from its samples. To obtain the samples, a Markov chain is constructed with its stationary distribution as the desired (posterior) distribution. Figure 6(a) illustrates this idea, where the bins are the count of samples in the corresponding support areas. It is clear that more samples means a more accurate approximation. Although the Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methodology can, in theory, derive the exact posterior distribution of the latent variables, it is inefficient. As illustrated in Figure 6(b), an alternative for BNL is variational inference [10]. This methodology uses a set of (often simpler, independent and parameterised) variational distributions to approximate the real posterior distribution. This approach transforms a posterior distribution inference problem into a high-dimensional optimisation problem. With the help of gradients, this method can efficiently explore the parameter space of the variational distributions to approximate the desired posterior distribution as much as possible. In general, MCMC has better theoretical distribution approximation accuracy than variational inference when a sufficient number of samples are obtained, because introducing the variational distributions will introduce additional unnecessary approximation errors that do not exist in MCMC. In the case of big data, variational inference is more efficient than MCMC because obtaining sufficient samples in MCMC is very time-consuming and hard to evaluate. Yet gradient-based variational inference is able to explore the parameter space efficiently. The existing works for basic processes in the current literature on BNL literature are summarised below and in Table 2.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. The illustration and comparison of the ideas of two posterior inferences: (a) MCMC and (b) variational inference.
Table 2. Existing Inference Algorithms for Popular Stochastic Processes in BNL
Stochastic Process Slice VI SMC EP Scalable
Dirichlet Process $\surd$ [97] $\surd$ [9] $\surd$ [20] $\surd$ [113]
Beta Process $\surd$ [14] $\surd$ [19]
Gamma Process $\surd$ [145]
Hierarchical Dirichlet Process $\surd$ [176] $\surd$ [155]
Indian Buffet Process $\surd$ [44] $\surd$ [182] $\surd$ [42]
Slice is short for slice sampling; VI for Variational inference; SMC for Sequential Monte Carlo; EP for Expectation Propagation.
5.1 Markov Chain Monte Carlo
While the (countably) infinite nature of BNL enables great modelling power, it also brings a challenge on model inference in that an infinite number of factors and weights make the posterior inference of the latent variables much harder. One commonly accepted solution in BNL is the truncation method [62, 181], which sets the component number so large that the given data would only adopt a subset of them, but it does introduce an approximation error. Another successful technique to resolve this problem is data/variable augmentation [160, 172], also known as Slice Sampling [39, 126]. The existing Bayesian nonparametric models that use the slice sampling method for model inference are summarised below.
Slice Sampling for DP. A realisation from DP can be represented as $G=\sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}$, where $\pi _k$ are (a countably infinite number of) stick weights. The slice sampling for DP [97] introduces an auxiliary variable $u_i \sim \text{Unif}(0, \pi _{k_i})$, which functions as an adaptive truncation for the data $i$, and then only needs to sample $\pi \gt u_i$ for data $i$.
Slice Sampling for BP. Instead of the fixed range used in DP, a positive decay function $f : \lim _{k \rightarrow \infty } f(\pi _k) = 0$ controls the support for the auxiliary variable $u_k \sim \text{Unif}(0, f(\pi _k))$ [14]. Compared to the function used in DP, the decay function is more flexible and more applicable to many other models.
5.2 Variational Inference
Using variational inference involves two important components: setting variational distributions and choosing optimisation methods. Clearly setting the variational distribution can significantly reduce the additional approximation error and appropriate optimisation methods can boost the inference efficiency and adapt to the complex scenarios, e.g., large-scale and streaming data. Existing work on variational inference for BNL is summarised below.
Ordinary Variational Inference. The form of variational inference for BNL is based on a stick-breaking representation where the latent variables in this representation include stick weights, atom parameters, and data assignment indexes. Since stochastic processes such as DP [9, 106] and GaP [145] have the potential to produce an infinite number of atoms, we have opted for a truncation method to ensure that only a finite number of atoms need to be approximated with a finite number of mean-field (latent variable) distributions. Other similar works have been applied for HDP [9], IBP [44], and nCRP [174].
Collapsed Variational Inference. As stated, there are normally three groups of latent variables in BNL (i.e., stick weights, atom parameters, and data assignment indexes). Sometimes stick weights could be marginalised out to make the inferences of DP [105] and HDP [147, 168] more accurate and efficient.
Online/Stochastic Variational Inference. Instead of coordinate-ascent optimisation that is not efficient for large datasets because a full pass of all the data at each iteration is required, stochastic optimisation is used to update the variational parameters [15, 176]. At each iteration, a


text:
Simulation of jet-induced geysers in reduced gravity
Control of cryogenic propellant tank pressure during tank refueling and expulsion in low gravity is an important technical challenge to overcome for future long duration missions in space. One method proposed to control tank pressurization involves the use of jet-induced geysers. Two-dimensional computational models have been developed and used with limited success in previous efforts to predict geyser heights in microgravity. A three-dimensional flow simulation is used to model jet-induced geysers in reduced gravity. Geyser flows are commonly characterized by the presence of turbulent jets, transient flow, deforming free surfaces, and surface tension effects. As is the case for many turbulent flow applications, accuracy in simulating complex turbulent flows is critically dependent on the selection of a suitable turbulence model. The sensitivity of the simulation geyser predictions to a suite of popular turbulence models is assessed. Simulation results are compared to available experiment results. By expanding upon the work already completed, the model is used to simulate a broad range of cases within the experiment test matrix. Simulation results suggest the two dimensional simulation using the k-ε turbulence model provides the most accurate results for jet-induced geysers in reduced gravity when compared to available experiment data. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Microgravity Science and Technology
Marchetta, J., & Benedetti, R. (2010). Simulation of jet-induced geysers in reduced gravity. Microgravity Science and Technology, 22 (1), 7-16. _URL_


text:
What is engineering?
Check out this interactive site that explains what engineering is and the different fields you can specialize in: _URL_
At UH Manoa the primary kinds of engineering are:
What can you do to start your engineering education at Windward CC?
1. Enroll for the Associate of Science in Natural Science (ASNS) Degree. The ASNS degree with concentrations in either Biological or Physical Science is designed to prepare STEM students to transfer to four-year institutions. Students interested in engineering should enroll in the Physical Science Track of the ASNS Degree. For more information visit: _URL_
To enroll in the ASNS degree program contact Letty Colmenares _EMAIL_
Pre-Engineering Courses Available at WCC
- Chemistry 161 – General Chemistry 1*
- Chemistry 161L – General Chemistry 1 Lab*
- Chemistry 162 – General Chemistry 2*
- Physics 170 – General Physics 1*
- Physics 170 L – General Physics 1 Lab*
- Physics 272 – General Physics 2*
- Physics 272L – General Physics 2 Lab*
- Math 135 - PreCalculus: Elementary Functions
- Math 140 - PreCalculus: Trig & Analytical Geometry
- Math 205 – Calculus 1*
- Math 206 – Calculus 2*
- Math 231 – Calculus 3
- Math 232 – Calculus 4
*Courses required for ASNS Degree Physical Science Track
2. Join the 'IKE Program, a community of pre-engineering students from across the UH System. The Indigenous Knowledge in Engineering ('IKE) Program is devoted to encouraging and supporting Native Hawaiian students at community colleges to enter the engineering field.
More information on Windward CC's 'IKE Program
Need help with your pre-engineering courses?
Some resources at WCC to help you succeed in your pre-engineering courses:


text:
REGISTRATION OPEN: Zero Robotics High School Tournament 2014
The Zero Robotics High School Tournament 2014 will take place this fall, offering U. S. high school students the opportunity to design experiments that will be tested in space.
Zero Robotics challenges high school student teams to write their own algorithms to fly the Synchronized Position Hold, Engage, Reorient, Experimental Satellites, or SPHERES. The competition starts online where teams compete to solve an annual challenge guided by mentors. Students can create, edit, share, save, simulate and submit code from a Web browser. After several phases of virtual competition, finalists will be selected to compete in a live championship aboard the International Space Station.
Registration for the competition closes on Sept. 5, 2014. The competition begins with a live webcast kickoff event from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Sept. 6, 2014.
For more information about the tournament and to register your team to participate, visit _URL_.
Zero Robotics is organized by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Space Systems Laboratory, Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation and TopCoder, and is sponsored by The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, NASA and the Center for Advancement of Science in Space.
Please email any questions about this opportunity to _EMAIL_.


Family name(s) JOHNSON
Given name(s) Mary
Alternate name(s)
Sex Female
Occupation No trade recorded
Age when departed England 23
Trial date 26 April 1786
Trial place Old Bailey London
Crimes Stealing material
Value of crimes 20 shillings
Original sentence Transportation
Transported for 7 years
Ship Prince of Wales
Date left colony
Date of Death December 1806
Partner in the original crime, which involved shoplifting, was Elizabeth Cole.Lived with Capt Meredith, giving birth to their child, who returned to England with his father leaving behind Mary, pregnant with Meredith's daughter.


text:
Intrepid Toddler's Daring Crib Escape Caught on Tape [VIDEO]
It's every parent's worst nightmare: Your toddler would rather go exploring than stay in the safe confines of his crib. So he does. Over and over and over.
One mother found herself in such a situation and couldn't figure out how her child kept escaping. So, she set up a camera in the kids' closet. Sure enough, she captured the child, whose name is Dayne, making a break for it not once, but twice.
Watch the Houdini-in-diapers below.


List of metropolitan areas that overlap multiple countries
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Here is a list of metroplexes that overlap multiple countries:
Excluded from list is:
 - City-states being part of the overlap. One example of that would be Rome since Vatican City is isolated within Italy.
Within the European Union[edit]
Elsewhere in Europe[edit]
Polish Tricity, Gdynia (a city built to become a port of the Second Polish Republic) and its neighbours Gdańsk and Sopot, overlapped two borders in the period _PHONE_:
North America[edit]
Between Canada and the United States[edit]
This list is from west to east:
Between Mexico and the United States[edit]
South America[edit]


text:
Delivering professional 3D navigation and advanced ergonomic design, SpaceMouse® models are the optimal tool for engineers, designers and architects to create 3D designs across a variety of industries.
Improving ergonomics and efficiency at your workplace
A 'normal' computer mouse is an important part of any CAD workstation. It is light, compact and easy to operate. However, it poses one major disadvantage from an ergonomic point of view, in that you always have to operate it using the same hand. When a mouse is used intensively with repetitive patterns of movement, this can result in pain and functional impairments, also known as RSI syndrome or 'mouse arm'.
Using a 3D mouse can prevent these symptoms while making your CAD workflow considerably more efficient and healthier. Push, pull, twist or tilt the 3Dconnexion controller cap to simply and intuitively pan, zoom and rotate your 3D drawing. This frees your other hand to simultaneously utilize a standard mouse to select, create or edit models with ease.
Find your SpaceMouse® - Five different models to perfectly fit your challenges:


text:
Using Expert Knowledge for Test Linking
Linking and equating procedures are used to make the results of different test forms comparable. In the cases where no assumption of random equivalent groups can be made some form of linking design is used. In practice the amount of data available to link the two tests is often very limited due to logistic and security reasons, which affects the precision of linking procedures. This study proposes to enhance the quality of linking procedures based on sparse data by using Bayesian methods which combine the information in the linking data with background information captured in informative prior distributions. We propose two methods for the elicitation of prior knowledge about the difference in difficulty of two tests from subject-matter experts and explain how these results can be used in the specification of priors. To illustrate the proposed methods and evaluate the quality of linking with and without informative priors, an empirical example of linking primary school mathematics tests is presented. The results suggest that informative priors can increase the precision of linking without decreasing the accuracy.


text:
Jemez Canyon Dam
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
|Jemez Canyon Dam|
|Location||Sandoval County, New Mexico|
|Purpose||Flood control and storm water management|
|Owner(s)||United States Army Corps of Engineers|
|Dam and spillways|
|Height||150 feet (46 m)|
|Length||870 feet (270 m)|
|Total capacity||264,700 acre-feet|
|Surface area||2.2 square miles (5.7 km2)|
The earthen dam was constructed in 1953 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, with a height of 150 feet and a length at its crest of 870 feet. It impounds the Jemez River for flood control and storm water management in the spring and early summer seasons. The dam is owned by the Corps of Engineers, and operated by the Corps and the Cochiti Lake Project Office.
The reservoir it creates, Jemez Canyon Reservoir, has a normal water surface of 2.2 square miles and a maximum capacity of 264,700 acre-feet. Normal storage is about one tenth that volume. Recreation is limited. There is no access to the water. All land surrounding the reservoir, except a small day-use area with picnic facilities and a scenic overlook, is the property of Santa Ana Pueblo, with restricted access.


text:
Drought response projects
WaterNSW is undertaking a range of drought relief projects, and drought relief project planning, to secure water supplies to affected communities. These projects prioritise water supply to meet critical human needs in the Macquarie Valley.
Nyngan and Cobar Drought Water Security project
WaterNSW with delivery partners EMM Consulting and GHD, will explore viable groundwater sources and pipeline options to extend water supply for critical human needs for Nyngan and Cobar. Investigations will be undertaken in Bogan Shire and Warren Shire to determine groundwater source suitability and yield capacity including options to pipe water to Nyngan, with supply to Cobar through the existing pipeline infrastructure.
Macquarie Valley Drought Relief Strategy
WaterNSW with delivery partner GHD, are working with local councils and DPIE to investigate immediate drought response options and long term asset solutions. These solutions will improve efficient delivery of water for critical human needs downstream and upstream of the Burrendong Dam during low dam water levels. Surface and groundwater options are being investigated along with optimising wastewater reuse, stormwater harvesting and other bulk water saving options.
Draft strategy will be completed in August 2020 and submitted to NSW Government.
Burrendong Deep Water Access
Recent inflows to Burrendong Dam has meant pumping to access the deep storage at the dam will not be required until mid 2021 at the earliest. To date, we have completed the upgrade of the power supply to the dam and constructed the temporary floating pumping stations which will be placed in the reservoir when the dam reaches critical supply levels.
We will continue to monitor the water supply inflows to Burrendong Dam and re-activate the deep storage access project in line with the revised dam depletion forecast to complete the final earthworks.
Bulk Water Transfer from Windamere Dam to Burrendong Dam postponed
With recent minor inflows, the bulk water transfer from Windamere Dam to Burrendong Dam has been postponed in-line with updated modelling.
All works will be in accordance with relevant planning and environmental laws and approvals.
We will continue to work with communities and keep regular updates as we progress, see our contact details below.
Community presentations and updates
- Macquarie Valley Operations Update - 22 August 2019 (PDF 676.4 KB)
- Drought outlook and water management options - February 2019 (YouTube)
- Windamere to Burrendong transfer in two stages (PDF 60.5 KB)
- Windamere-Burrendong flow peak revised (PDF 94.5 KB)
- Macquarie Valley customers working to save water (PDF 67.5 KB)
- Macquarie-Cudgegong - Operations Plan - November 2018 (PDF 1.2 MB)
Past updates: 1 2