text:
If you haven't met Llalacorn, the newest species of the Hatchimals family yet, get ready to be wowed. Spin Master's newest take on Hatchimals is called Hatchimals Wow, and it's more impressive than ever.
The egg itself is humungous, so kids ages 5 and up will get pumped before they even hatch their new friend. It only takes 5 minutes to hatch, too; so it doesn't require a lot of waiting around. Kids can tap and tilt the egg in different directions to wake up the Hatchimal. Even before it leaves the egg, kids can still interact with it according to its changing eye color (which shines through the plastic eggshell). Different colors mean different things, similar to a mood ring. And this Hatchimal has plenty of mood swings (#relatable)! For example, if the Hatchimal feels playful (yellow eyes), kids can tilt the egg backward and right side up repeatedly until it gets dizzy (green eyes). If it feels cuddly (pink eyes), kids need to tilt it backward and hold it there to cuddle.
When kids see the eyes turn rainbow, that means it's hatching time! The Hatchimal will grow taller until it pushes the top of the egg off as it sings "Hatchy Birthday," the bop of a generation. Instead of cracking through the shell like the older versions, the Hatchimals Wow egg splits in two so that kids can reuse it — it's the first re-hatchable Hatchimal!
The big reveal is the new Hatchimal's species: It's a Llalacorn! Half llama, and half unicorn, this Hatchimal has purple-and-pink fur, a snout like a llama instead of the usual beak, a unicorn horn, plastic wings, and the signature glittering eyes. The best part is that the Llalacorn is incredibly tall — it can grow up to 32 inches long when it extends its neck all the way.
There are lots of ways that kids can make the Llalacorn grow tall: tickle its belly, tap its toes, or make it chase its fruit toy by holding the included glitter-filled berry against the Llalacorn's forehead or belly. Kids shouldn't push the Hatchimal down or pull it up though. Let it grow or shrink on its own to avoid breaking it.
There are also so many things that this interactive pet can do, including sing, dance, sneeze, hiccup, play peek-a-boo, and more. Kids can even record their voice using the Llalacorn and play it back at different pitches.
The Llalacorn's eye color will continue to change after it hatches, so kids can continue to interact with it based on its mood. For example, if the Llalacorn is sleepy (white eyes), kids can play the "Top Tap" game to wake it up. If it's excited (orange eyes), kids can hypnotize it to calm it down.
When kids are ready for another hatch, they can put the Llalacorn back inside the egg for another round of "Hatchy Birthday!" The Llalacorn can make more than 250 sounds and reactions, so kids can discover more surprises every time they play.


Asana to PostgreSQL
How It Works
Copying Asana data to PostgreSQL cannot be simpler. You just need to perform the following three simple steps.
Step 1
Specify necessary connection parameters for Asana.
Step 2
Specify necessary connection parameters for PostgreSQL.
Step 3
Select Asana objects to replicate.
Powerful Replication Features
Automatic Schema Creation
You don't need to prepare the PostgreSQL database — Skyvia creates the tables, corresponding to the Asana objects, in the data warehouse automatically.
Complete or Partial Replication
With Skyvia you can extract and load all the data from a Asana object or disable loading for some Asana object fields. You can also configure filters for data to replicate.
Change Data Capture
Skyvia not just copies Asana data to PostgreSQL once, it can keep your PostgreSQL database up-to-date with Asana automatically, ensuring you always have fresh data for data analysis without any user intervention.
Optimized Data Loading
Skyvia combines a high-performance optimized batch data loading into PostgreSQL with a granular, per-record data insertion and error logging in case of any errors.
True ETL — Data Import Tool
If you need more than just to copy data from Asana to PostgreSQL, you may use Skyvia's powerful data import functionality. Skyvia's data import tools will correctly extract Asana data, transform it, and load to PostgreSQL when PostgreSQL tables have different structure than Asana objects.
Automation and Monitoring
Flexible Scheduling
Use flexible scheduling settings to automate replication
Detailed Logging
You can find detailed logs for each execution in the package Run History.
Email Notifications
Enable email notifications and always know if anything goes wrong.
Integrate Asana and PostgreSQL with minimal effort and in only a few clicks!


The Montevideo Maru - 1945
The Montevideo Maru: 10,000 tonne Japanese merchant ship
Numbers of Australians POWs on board: 1,053
Number of Civilians on board: 208
Date of sinking: 1st July 1942
Prime Minister: John Curtin (Labor) _PHONE_
On 22nd June 1942 the Montevideo Maru, a Japanese merchant ship, left Rabaul, New Britain bound for Japan with civilian and military Prisoners of War.
An American submarine, the USS Sturgeon, intercepted the ship en route to Hainan Island and torpedoed the Montevideo Maru on 1st July 1942.
The ship sank off the northern coast of Luzon within 10 minutes and only 17 Japanese crewmen and three guards survived.
Australia's largest maritime disaster
The sinking of the Montevideo Maru and subsequent loss of Australian lives became the largest maritime disaster in Australian history. Controversy still surrounds the way in which the sinking was officially reported. Japan had only recently entered the war and was anxious to ensure that its internees were treated well by Australia. Japan did not notify the International Red Cross of the attack and subsequent sinking of the vessel and it was not until three and a half years later that official notification was given to families in Australia as to the fate of the POWs and civilians. With confusion and hearsay surrounding the sinking of the Montevideo Maru, many relatives did not believe the official story. Some believed that the POWs had been executed in Rabaul. However, there was supporting documentation and evidence to confirm that soldiers and civilians marched to the port to embark on Montevideo Maru.
A group of nurses from Rabaul remained with their patients and were captured by the invading Japanese forces on the 23rd January 1942. These nurses were interned in Japan and were treated mainly with hostility and contempt; the Japanese did not inform the International Red Cross of the nurses' capture.


Shortcut: Replace Tabs with Spaces and do Macro-like work in SSMS using Regular Expressions
There are so many useful things in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and daily, I come across users who aren't aware of common useful functions.
A request that I hear all the time, is "I don't like tabs but <insert name of annoying colleague here> decided he likes to use them. How do I remove them?" Now SSMS allows you to choose to use spaces instead of tabs (in Tools > Options) but that doesn't fix existing tabs.
The regular expression functions in SSMS let you do this. Hit Ctrl-H to open the Find and Replace dialog (or use the Edit > Find and Replace > Quick Replace menus), then configure the window as follows:
Note that I've clicked the little square and asterisk thing (which says to use regular expressions), then put the change from text to \t which is a tab, and set the change to text to four spaces (or however many you want), then I click the Replace All button and magically all my tabs are replaced.
But this is just the start of what we can do.
For example, if I have a long row of comma-delimited values like this:
Now I could go to each comma and hit enter after each one. That's what I see most people doing. But you could do this:
I'm changing a comma to a comma followed by a carriage return. And magically, this is the outcome:
There are so many things you can use this regular expression functionality for within SSMS. I encourage you to try it out.

2 thoughts on "Shortcut: Replace Tabs with Spaces and do Macro-like work in SSMS using Regular Expressions"
 1. Awesome tip and tool … but as with any tool, use caution with "replace all" … tabs in data will be replaced along with SSMS formatting tabs.
 example:
 declare @x varchar(100) = '123 (tab)456' –<——–[ could be a breaking change! ]
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The oldest slave cemetery on the Atlantic Ocean has been found at Santa Maria de Guia, an archeological site located on one of the Spanish Canary Islands off the northern coast of Africa, Telesur reported Tuesday. By using the DNA recovered by radiocarbon data, a team of eight international researchers was able to date the remains of 14 men and women found buried at the site all the way back to the 15th and 17th centuries, according to an American Journal of Physical Anthropology study.
Archeological evidence signified that the slaves were brought to the site, located next to an ancient sugar plantation, from Northern Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Researchers pointed to the fact that the remains had indeed belonged to slaves after finding evidence of "funerary practices that could be related to enslaved people."
Forensic studies on the corpses revealed that most of the slaves died in their 20s. Evidence of injuries discovered on the remains caused researchers to believe that they were subjugated to "a pattern of labor involving high levels of effort."
Roughly 12 million slaves were forcefully taken across the Atlantic through the infamous route known as the "middle passage" after European imperialists colonized Africa between the 16th and 19th centuries. Those individuals were often kidnapped or sold by leaders from their own native tribes throughout Africa and then forced to work on agrarian plantation throughout the newly discovered Americas. Of the approximately slaves who survived the arduous journey across the Atlantic and ended up on the shores of the Canary and Caribbean islands and South America, Brazil received 2.86 million Africans slaves between 1525 and 1866, while roughly 450,000 Africans were sent to the United States.
Slavery was abolished in the United States after the ratification of the 13th amendment on Dec. 6, 1865.
There are still between 30 to 45 million people enslaved across the world, with India having roughly 18 million, China having 3.4 million and Pakistan having 2.1 million, according to a 2013 report from Freedom Walk, an organization aimed at ending contemporary slavery practices based in Western Australia.


What significance does the openness of biogeochemical cycles have for the biosphere?
Normal biogeochemical cycles are not closed, although the degree of reversibility of annual cycles of the most important biogenic elements reaches 95–98%. Incomplete reversibility (openness) is one of the most important properties of biogeochemical cycles, which has planetary significance. This is what caused the biogenic accumulation of oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere, various chemical elements and compounds in the earth's crust. For example, due to the incomplete reversibility of the carbon cycle over the past 600 million years, huge reserves of carbon deposits (limestone, bitumen, coal, oil, etc.) have accumulated, estimated at 1016–1017 tons.


text:
It is one such predator that uses the subterranean reservoirs of the Central Desert as hunting grounds. It is about three feet (a meter) long and swims by means of paddles, one pair to each segment, beating in a wavelike action almost like an aquatic millipede. The slickribbon's mouth parts are mounted on an extendible trunk, which it can shoot out in a fraction of a second. Gloomworms that come too close to the surface of the water are its staple food source.
Garden worms are also hunted by the slickribbon when they retire to the caverns at night. They are more nutritious than gloomworms but more difficult to catch, dodging the hunters with their agile swimming action. The garden worm can also defend itself against a slickribbon by releasing a disgusting cloud of liquid in the path of the predator.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Bumper Color Mismatch & Variation: 6 Causes
PPG helps answer body shop customers' concern as to why the factory original color doesn't always match the rest of the vehicle.
Collision repair shops occasionally run into the situation where a customer complains that the color of their bumper doesn't match the rest of the vehicle—or repair shop owners sometimes need to explain why blending may be required in order to create an invisible repair that'll match even better than the factory original.
Trying to conjure up a simple explanation that's simple and straightforward enough to satisfy a customer's concern isn't always an easy proposition. To effectively educate the customer…it's essential to convey a good grasp of the underlying causes of why OEM bumpers often don't match the rest of the vehicle. Basically, there are four common reasons for an OEM bumper mismatch.
 1. A color can vary depending on the substrate on which it is painted. For example, the evaporation rate for solvent varies over metal or plastic. A longer rate gives a flake pigment additional time to "float" and can darken the "face" of the color.
 2. The body was painted on a production line at the factory, while other parts, such as the bumper and trim, were painted with a different application method at another location.
 3. Slight adjustments can be made during application creating a lighter or darker color, or causing the metallics or mica elements to lay down differently.
 4. Light reflects differently on curved and flat surfaces causing the appearance of a color shift.
Not all bumper-to-body color mismatches can be blamed on the factory and the many variables involved in applying OEM finishes. There are occasions when the body and the bumper are painted at the same time, with the same paint, yet the colors turn out differently. The causes are related to some fundamental differences in the properties of the two substrates.
First, unless specially treated, plastics are good electrical insulators, so they can build up a static charge when wiped down during surface preparation. If the static is not discharged, it can migrate into the paint film. If the color contains a metallic, the charge can force the metallic flakes apart and change their alignment. The result is a shift in the color or darkening on the "face". The best way to tackle this problem is to make sure any static charge is removed with an anti-static wipe before applying the color.
The Second major cause lies in the thermal conductivity of the substrates. If you have sprayed solvent onto a metal panel on a warm day, you may have noticed how the panel cools down significantly as the solvent evaporates. The solvent is pulling the heat out of the panel as it evaporates and as a result, speeds up the drying process. This doesn't occur as much with plastic since it is a good insulator. As a result, the same paint may evaporate at a different rate on plastic than metal. This increase in the evaporation time gives metallic flakes longer to "float" in the film which can darken the "face" slightly. This can be compensated for using the techniques discussed in an earlier Repaint Reporter article entitled "Vanishing Act" (Vol. 65, No. 1).
To view past issues of the Repaint Reporter, please visit _URL_ and click on Refinish News.


text:
Traveling Luck for Sambilong Island, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines
Where is Sambilong Island?What's around Sambilong Island?
Wikipedia near Sambilong Island
Where to stay near Sambilong Island
The timezone in Sambilong Island is Asia/Manila
Sunrise at 05:46 and Sunset at 18:09. It's Dark
Latitude. 5.1211°, Longitude. _PHONE_°
Satellite map around Sambilong Island
Loading map of Sambilong Island and it's surroudings
Geographic features & Photographs around Sambilong Island, in Tawi-Tawi, Philippines
- populated place;
- a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work.
- Luuk Talay (3.9km)
- Lapid-Lapid (6.2km)
- Mandulan (7.2km)
- Kulit Kima (7.4km)
- Sanga-Sanga (10.8km)
- Tengultengul (11.1km)
- Look Pandan (11.2km)
- Silubbog (12.2km)
- Malassa (12.6km)
- Lakit-Lakit (12.9km)
- Tongput (13.3km)
- Montay-Montay (14.5km)
- Lato-Lato (14.5km)
- Ungus-Ungus (15.5km)
- Tarawakan (16.2km)
- Paniongan (16.3km)
- Ipil (16.3km)
- Karungdung (17.1km)
- Tong Pettong (17.2km)
- a tapering piece of land projecting into a body of water, less prominent than a cape.
- Pike Point (1.9km)
- Maria Point (4.3km)
- Nanka Point (4.6km)
- Batu Point (5.5km)
- Carmen Point (8.6km)
- Bugut Lapit Point (9.1km)
- Masatong Point (12.3km)
- Ingatan Point (13km)
- Tihi Point (13.1km)
- Tihi Point (15.2km)
- Sinabon Point (15.2km)
- Panijugan Point (15.2km)
- Titi Point (15.2km)
- Pamahabaan Point (16.6km)
- Maangit Point (17.8km)
- a tract of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water.
- a surface-navigation hazard composed of consolidated material.
- Takut Mataha Reef (3.5km)
- an open way with improved surface for transportation of animals, people and vehicles.
- Tarawakan Road (16km)
- a small coastal indentation, smaller than a bay.
- Sinabon Cove (17.7km)
- a conspicuous, isolated rocky mass.
- Shell Rock (14.4km)
- a land area, more prominent than a point, projecting into the sea and marking a notable change in coastal direction.
- Malasa Point (13.9km)
- an area dominated by tree vegetation.
- Lambus Lambus (1.9km)
- second-order administrative division;
- a subdivision of a first-order administrative division.
- Bongao (9.1km)


Connect with SSH to Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster nodes for maintenance or troubleshooting
Throughout the lifecycle of your Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster, you may need to access an AKS node. This access could be for maintenance, log collection, or other troubleshooting operations. You can access AKS nodes using SSH, including Windows Server nodes (currently in preview in AKS). You can also connect to Windows Server nodes using remote desktop protocol (RDP) connections. For security purposes, the AKS nodes aren't exposed to the internet. To SSH to the AKS nodes, you use the private IP address.
This article shows you how to create an SSH connection with an AKS node using their private IP addresses.
Before you begin
This article assumes that you have an existing AKS cluster. If you need an AKS cluster, see the AKS quickstart using the Azure CLI or using the Azure portal.
By default, SSH keys are obtained, or generated, then added to nodes when you create an AKS cluster. This article shows you how to specify different SSH keys than the SSH keys used when you created your AKS cluster. The article also shows you how to determine the private IP address of your node and connect to it using SSH. If you don't need to specify a different SSH key, then you may skip the step for adding the SSH public key to the node.
This article also assumes you have an SSH key. You can create an SSH key using macOS or Linux or Windows. If you use PuTTY Gen to create the key pair, save the key pair in an OpenSSH format rather than the default PuTTy private key format (.ppk file).
You also need the Azure CLI version 2.0.64 or later installed and configured. Run az --version to find the version. If you need to install or upgrade, see Install Azure CLI.
Configure virtual machine scale set-based AKS clusters for SSH access
To configure your virtual machine scale set-based for SSH access, find the name of your cluster's virtual machine scale set and add your SSH public key to that scale set.
Use the az aks show command to get the resource group name of your AKS cluster, then the az vmss list command to get the name of your scale set.
CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP=$(az aks show --resource-group myResourceGroup --name myAKSCluster --query nodeResourceGroup -o tsv)
SCALE_SET_NAME=$(az vmss list --resource-group $CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP --query [0].name -o tsv)
The above example assigns the name of the cluster resource group for the myAKSCluster in myResourceGroup to CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP. The example then uses CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP to list the scale set name and assign it to SCALE_SET_NAME.
Important
At this time, you should only update your SSH keys for your virtual machine scale set-based AKS clusters using the Azure CLI.
For Linux nodes, SSH keys can currently only be added using the Azure CLI. If you want to connect to a Windows Server node using SSH, use the SSH keys provided when you created the AKS cluster and skip the next set of commands for adding your SSH public key. You will still need the IP address of the node you wish to troubleshoot, which is shown in the final command of this section. Alternatively, you can connect to Windows Server nodes using remote desktop protocol (RDP) connections instead of using SSH.
To add your SSH keys to the nodes in a virtual machine scale set, use the az vmss extension set and az vmss update-instances commands.
az vmss extension set \
 --resource-group $CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP \
 --vmss-name $SCALE_SET_NAME \
 --name VMAccessForLinux \
 --publisher Microsoft.OSTCExtensions \
 --version 1.4 \
 --protected-settings "{\"username\":\"azureuser\", \"ssh_key\":\"$(cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub)\"}"
az vmss update-instances --instance-ids '*' \
 --resource-group $CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP \
 --name $SCALE_SET_NAME
The above example uses the CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP and SCALE_SET_NAME variables from the previous commands. The above example also uses ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub as the location for your SSH public key.
Note
By default, the username for the AKS nodes is azureuser.
After you add your SSH public key to the scale set, you can SSH into a node virtual machine in that scale set using its IP address. View the private IP addresses of the AKS cluster nodes using the kubectl get command.
kubectl get nodes -o wide
The follow example output shows the internal IP addresses of all the nodes in the cluster, including a Windows Server node.
$ kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME
aks-nodepool1-42485177-vmss000000 Ready agent 18h v1.12.7 10.240.0.4 <none> Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS 4.15.0-1040-azure docker://3.0.4
aksnpwin000000 Ready agent 13h v1.12.7 10.240.0.67 <none> Windows Server Datacenter 10.0.17763.437
Record the internal IP address of the node you wish to troubleshoot.
To access your node using SSH, follow the steps in Create the SSH connection.
Configure virtual machine availability set-based AKS clusters for SSH access
To configure your virtual machine availability set-based AKS cluster for SSH access, find the name of your cluster's Linux node, and add your SSH public key to that node.
Use the az aks show command to get the resource group name of your AKS cluster, then the az vm list command to list the virtual machine name of your cluster's Linux node.
CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP=$(az aks show --resource-group myResourceGroup --name myAKSCluster --query nodeResourceGroup -o tsv)
az vm list --resource-group $CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP -o table
The above example assigns the name of the cluster resource group for the myAKSCluster in myResourceGroup to CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP. The example then uses CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP to list the virtual machine name. The example output shows the name of the virtual machine:
Name ResourceGroup Location
------------------------ --------------------------------------------- ----------
aks-nodepool1-79590246-0 MC_myResourceGroupAKS_myAKSClusterRBAC_eastus eastus
To add your SSH keys to the node, use the az vm user update command.
az vm user update \
 --resource-group $CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP \
 --name aks-nodepool1-79590246-0 \
 --username azureuser \
 --ssh-key-value ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The above example uses the CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP variable and the node virtual machine name from previous commands. The above example also uses ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub as the location for your SSH public key. You could also use the contents of your SSH public key instead of specifying a path.
Note
By default, the username for the AKS nodes is azureuser.
After you add your SSH public key to the node virtual machine, you can SSH into that virtual machine using its IP address. View the private IP address of an AKS cluster node using the az vm list-ip-addresses command.
az vm list-ip-addresses --resource-group $CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP -o table
The above example uses the CLUSTER_RESOURCE_GROUP variable set in the previous commands. The following example output shows the private IP addresses of the AKS nodes:
VirtualMachine PrivateIPAddresses
------------------------ --------------------
aks-nodepool1-79590246-0 10.240.0.4
Create the SSH connection
To create an SSH connection to an AKS node, you run a helper pod in your AKS cluster.


Benchmarks
To get a grip of the actual performance of Pymunk this page contains a number of benchmarks.
The full code of all benchmarks are available under the benchmarks folder.
Note that the the benchmarks are not yet updated for Pymunk 6.0, but tests look promising.
Micro benchmarks
In order to measure the overhead created by Pymunk in the most common cases I have created two micro benchmarks. They should show the speed of the actual wrapping code, which can tell how big overhead Pymunk creates, and how big difference different wrapping methods does.
The most common thing a typical program using Pymunk does is to read out the position and angle from a Pymunk object. Usually this is done each frame for every object in the simulation, so this is a important factor in how fast something will be.
Given this our first test is:
t += b.position.x + b.position.y + b.angle
(see pymunk-get.py)
Running it is simple, for example like this for pymunk 4.0:
> python -m pip install pymunk==4.0
> python pymunk-get.py
The second test we do is based on the second heavy thing we can do, and that is using a callback, for example as a collision handler or a position function:
def f(b,dt):
 b.position += (1,0)
s.step(0.01)
(see pymunk-callback.py)
Results:
Tests run on a HP G1 1040 laptop with a Intel i7-4600U. Laptop runs Windows, and the tests were run inside a VirtualBox VM running 64bit Debian. The CPython tests uses CPython from Conda, while the Pypy tests used a manually downloaded Pypy. CPython 2.7 is using Cffi 1.7, the other tests Cffi 1.8.
Remember that these results doesn't tell you how you game/application will perform, they can more be seen as a help to identify performance issues and know differences between Pythons.
Pymunk-Get:
CPython 2.7.12
CPython 3.5.2
Pypy 5.4.1
Pymunk 5.1
2.1s
2.2s
0.36s
Pymunk 5.0
4.3s
4.5s
0.37s
Pymunk 4.0
1.0s
0.9s
0.52s
Pymunk-Callback:
CPython 2.7.12
CPython 3.5.2
Pypy 5.4.1
Pymunk 5.1
5.7s
6.8s
1.1s
Pymunk 5.0
6.5s
7.3s
1.0s
Pymunk 4.0
5.1s
6.5s
4.5s
What we can see from these results is that you should use Pypy if you have the possibility since that is much faster than regular CPython. We can also see that moving from Ctypes to Cffi between Pymunk 4 and 5 had a negative impact in CPython, but positive impact on Pypy, and Pymunk 5 together with Pypy is with a big margin the fastest option.
The speed increase between 5.0 and 5.1 happened because the Vec2d class and how its handled internally in Pymunk was changed to improve performance.
Compared to Other Physics Libraries
Cymunk
Cymunk is an alternative wrapper around Chipmunk. In contrast to Pymunk it uses Cython for wrapping (Pymunk uses CFFI) which gives it a different performance profile. However, since both are built around Chipmunk the overall speed will be very similar, only when information passes from/to Chipmunk will there be a difference. This is exactly the kind of overhead that the micro benchmarks are made to measure.
Cymunk is not as feature complete as Pymunk, so in order to compare with Pymunk we have to make some adjustments. A major difference is that it does not implement the position_func function, so instead we do an alternative callback test using the collision handler:
h = s.add_default_collision_handler()
def f(arb):
 return false
h.pre_solve = f
s.step(0.01)
(see pymunk-collision-callback.py and cymunk-collision-callback.py)
Results
Tests run on a HP G1 1040 laptop with a Intel i7-4600U. Laptop runs Windows, and the tests were run inside a VirtualBox VM running 64bit Debian. The CPython tests uses CPython from Conda, while the Pypy tests used a manually downloaded Pypy. Cffi version 1.10.0 and Cython 0.25.2.
Since Cymunk doesnt have a proper release I used the latest master from its Github repository, hash 24845cc retrieved on 2017-09-16.
Get:
CPython 3.5.3
Pypy 5.8
Pymunk 5.3
2.14s
0.33s
Cymunk 20170916
0.41s
(10.0s)
Collision-Callback:
CPython 3.5.3
Pypy 5.8
Pymunk 5.3
3.71s
0.58s
Pymunk 20170916
0.95s
(7.01s)
(Cymunk results on Pypy within parentheses since Cython is well known to be slow on Pypy)
What we can see from these results is that Cymunk on CPython is much faster than Pymunk on CPython, but Pymunk takes the overall victory when we include Pypy.
Something we did not take into account is that you can trade convenience for performance and use Cython in the application code as well to speed things up. I think this is the approach used in KivEnt which is the primary user of Cymunk. However, that requires a much more complicated setup when you develop your application because of the compiler requirements and code changes.


text:
This comprehensive inventory of essential skills initiatives aimed at First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples was developed through a collaboration between the Canadian Career Development Foundation, Employment and Social Development Canada's Office of Literacy and Essential Skills, the Assembly of First Nations, the Métis National Council and the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami.
The goal of the project is to gain a better understanding of the state of practice with respect to essential skills initiatives tailored to First Nations, Inuit and Métis youth and adults living in diverse communities throughout Canada and to share these insights and lessons learned with a larger community of practice. It also includes any identified factors, or markers of promising practice that contribute to an initiative's success.
In addition to the inventory, the website also includes case studies, a literature review, an evaluation toolkit and the list of markers – all to support and enhance practice in the field. Through the "Add to the Inventory" feature, the FIMESIP team invites program and resource developers to submit their essential skills initiatives so that the inventory can continue to grow.


format. +An ipmode of "6" means IPv6 is supported, and IP addresses are logged in dotted +quad or hex format, as described in the +.Qq Compile-time Configuration +subsection. +.El +.Pp +The second type of log message is written to the file when a data log message +is generated. +The text below shows an example data log triggered by an IPv4 +TCP/IP packet. +The data is CSV formatted. +.Bd -literal -offset indent +o,0xbec491a5,_PHONE_.463551,172.16.7.28,22,172.16.2.5,55931, \\ +_PHONE_,172312,6144,66560,66608,8,1,4,1448,936,1,996,255, \\ +33304,208,66608,0,208 +.Ed +.Pp +Field descriptions are as follows: +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 1 +Direction of packet that triggered the log message. +Either +.Qq i +for in, or +.Qq o +for out. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 2 +Hash of the packet that triggered the log message. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 3 +Time at which the packet that triggered the log message was processed by +the +.Xr pfil 9 +hook function, in seconds and microseconds since the UNIX epoch. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 4 +The IPv4 or IPv6 address of the local host, in dotted quad (IPv4 packet) +or colon-separated hex (IPv6 packet) notation. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 5 +The TCP port that the local host is communicating via. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 6 +The IPv4 or IPv6 address of the foreign host, in dotted quad (IPv4 packet) +or colon-separated hex (IPv6 packet) notation. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 7 +The TCP port that the foreign host is communicating via. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 8 +The slow start threshold for the flow, in bytes. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 9 +The current congestion window for the flow, in bytes. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 10 +The current bandwidth-controlled window for the flow, in bytes. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 11 +The current sending window for the flow, in bytes. +The post scaled value is reported, except during the initial handshake (first +few packets), during which time the unscaled value is reported. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 12 +The current receive window for the flow, in bytes. +The post scaled value is always reported. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 13 +The current window scaling factor for the sending window. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 14 +The current window scaling factor for the receiving window. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 15 +The current state of the TCP finite state machine, as defined +in +.Aq Pa netinet/tcp_fsm.h . +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 16 +The maximum segment size for the flow, in bytes. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 17 +The current smoothed RTT estimate for the flow, in units of TCP_RTT_SCALE * HZ, +where TCP_RTT_SCALE is a define found in tcp_var.h, and HZ is the kernel's tick +timer. +Divide by TCP_RTT_SCALE * HZ to get the RTT in secs. TCP_RTT_SCALE and HZ are +reported in the enable log message. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 18 +SACK enabled indicator. 1 if SACK enabled, 0 otherwise. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 19 +The current state of the TCP flags for the flow. +See +.Aq Pa netinet/tcp_var.h +for information about the various flags. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 20 +The current retransmission timeout length for the flow, in units of HZ, where HZ +is the kernel's tick timer. +Divide by HZ to get the timeout length in seconds. HZ is reported in the +enable log message. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 21 +The current size of the socket send buffer in bytes. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 22 +The current number of bytes in the socket send buffer. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 23 +The current size of the socket receive buffer in bytes. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 24 +The current number of bytes in the socket receive buffer. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va 25 +The current number of unacknowledged bytes in-flight. +Bytes acknowledged via SACK are not excluded from this count. +.El +.Pp +The third type of log message is written to the file when the module is disabled +and ceases collecting data from the running kernel. +The text below shows an example module disable log. +The fields are tab delimited key-value pairs which provide statistics about +operations since the module was most recently enabled. +.Bd -literal -offset indent +disable_time_secs=_PHONE_ disable_time_usecs=933607 \\ +num_inbound_tcp_pkts=356 num_outbound_tcp_pkts=627 \\ +total_tcp_pkts=983 num_inbound_skipped_pkts_malloc=0 \\ +num_outbound_skipped_pkts_malloc=0 num_inbound_skipped_pkts_mtx=0 \\ +num_outbound_skipped_pkts_mtx=0 num_inbound_skipped_pkts_tcb=0 \\ +num_outbound_skipped_pkts_tcb=0 num_inbound_skipped_pkts_icb=0 \\ +num_outbound_skipped_pkts_icb=0 total_skipped_tcp_pkts=0 \\ +flow_list=172.16.7.28;22-172.16.2.5;55931, +.Ed +.Pp +Field descriptions are as follows: +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va disable_time_secs +Time at which the module was disabled, in seconds since the UNIX epoch. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va disable_time_usecs +Time at which the module was disabled, in microseconds since disable_time_secs. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va num_inbound_tcp_pkts +Number of TCP packets that traversed up the network stack. +This only includes inbound TCP packets during the periods when +.Nm +was enabled. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va num_outbound_tcp_pkts +Number of TCP packets that traversed down the network stack. +This only includes outbound TCP packets during the periods when +.Nm +was enabled. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va total_tcp_pkts +The summation of num_inbound_tcp_pkts and num_outbound_tcp_pkts. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va num_inbound_skipped_pkts_malloc +Number of inbound packets that were not processed because of failed malloc() calls. +.El +.Bl -tag -offset indent +.It Va num_outbound_skipped_pkts_malloc +Number of


text:
Mosquito Barrier is a very strong liquid garlic. Spraying garlic to repel insects is not new, farmers and gardeners have practiced this for generations.Mosquito Barrier is registered for Domestic Use in Canada only. Mosquito Barrier can not be used by Commercial Applicators in Canada.
- The garlic used for mosquito barrier is very potent, much different than what you would find in a grocery store.
- The garlic odour of Mosquito Barrier is undetectable to humans within hours after being sprayed.
- Garlic also contains a natural sulfur, which repels mosquitoes and other insects.
- Mosquitoes are soft bodied insects and Mosquito Barrier is repulsive to them.
- The solution will not harm humans, pets, plants, bees, or butterflies.
- When Mosquito Barrier is initially sprayed, it repels mosquitoes and other insects. It is intended to coat leaf surfaces of grass, Ornamentals and lower leaves of trees. This provides a long lasting Barrier that repels the targeted insects.
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ADT for restricted set of values
Discussion in 'Python' started by Ben Finney, Nov 4, 2005.
 1. Ben Finney
 Ben Finney Guest
 Howdy all,
 I'd like to have an Abstract Data Type for a scalar value that is
 restricted to a small set of values. Like an Enum, I suppose.
 What I would like is to be able to use simple 'str' values in most of
 the code, but where the values are actually used in a semantically
 meaningful context, have them used as an ADT that will barf if the
 value isn't part of the set.
 Using the HumanSex class example from an earlier thread:
 class HumanSex(str):
 _descriptions = {
 None: "unknown",
 'male': "Male",
 'female': "Female",
 }
 def __init__(self, value):
 str.__init__(value)
 if value not in self._descriptions:
 raise ValueError, \
 "Not a valid HumanSex value: '%s'" % value
 def __get_description(self):
 return self._descriptions[self]
 description = property(__get_description)
 This way, most of the rest of the code doesn't need to know that the
 HumanSex instances are anything but a simple 'str' value.
 Is this a sensible way to do what I'm describing? Am I missing a
 common programming pattern?
 --
 \ "I bought a self learning record to learn Spanish. I turned it |
 '\ on and went to sleep; the record got stuck. The next day I |
 _o__) could only stutter in Spanish." -- Steven Wright |
 Ben Finney

 Ben Finney, Nov 4, 2005
 #1
 1. Advertisements
 2. Ben Finney wrote:
 > Howdy all,
 >
 > I'd like to have an Abstract Data Type for a scalar value that is
 > restricted to a small set of values. Like an Enum, I suppose.
 >
 > What I would like is to be able to use simple 'str' values in most of
 > the code, but where the values are actually used in a semantically
 > meaningful context, have them used as an ADT that will barf if the
 > value isn't part of the set.
 How about this:
 class BaseEnum(str):
 """Base class for enumerations. You must subclass and provide
 values for the _valid list."""
 _valid = []
 def __init__(self, v):
 assert self in self._valid, 'value %r not in %r' % (self,
 self._valid)
 cass Gender(BaseEnum):
 _valid = ['male', 'female', 'unknown']
 Trying the following:
 Gender('male')
 Gender('female')
 assert Gender('male') == 'male'
 Gender('shemale')
 The last will return an error:
 AssertionError: value 'shemale' not in ['male', 'female', 'unknown']
 Graham

 Graham Fawcett, Nov 4, 2005
 #2
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text:
Electroacoustics - Instruments for measurement of aircraft noise - Performance requirements for systems to measure one-third-octave-band sound pressure levels in noise certification of transport-category aeroplanes
Specifies requirements for the electroacoustical performance of systems of instruments used to measure sound for the purposes of aeroplane noise certification, and recommends methods by which tests may be made periodically to verify that the performance continues to comply with the requirements given within stated tolerances. The requirements apply to the instruments used to measure the sound produced by jet-or propeller-driven transport-category aeroplanes of maximum certificated takeoff mass over 9 000 kg, or their propulsion systems when installed on a suitable outdoor engine test stand. This publication supersedes IEC 60561. The contents of the corrigendum of June 1995 have been included in this copy.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Boise State's Intermountain Bird Observatory has gained lots of fans in the local community, including Zamzows Inc., the longtime Boise lawn, garden and pet store.
Zamzows organized a January fundraiser in which it pledged to give $1 for every bag of wild bird food sold to the IBO. On Friday, Feb. 8, Zamzow's presented the observatory with a check for $2,300.
"The Intermountain Bird Observatory will use this donation to help us connect more students to our research programs, so that they can meet real scientists and learn about bird conservation in action," said Heidi Carlisle, education and outreach director.
If you'd like to support similar efforts, the observatory welcomes donations for its annual bird banding projects. Hummingbird banding takes place each year in Idaho City. Songbird banding takes place at the observatory's station near the Boise River. The IBO also runs the Lucky Peak banding station to monitor songbirds, hawks, and owls. The banding projects reach more than 2,000 people, and students from more than 20 schools each year, said Carlisle. The projects rely heavily, and in some cases entirely, on donations.
The Intermountain Bird Observatory (formerly Idaho Bird Observatory) is a nonprofit academic research and community outreach program of the university focused on impacting human lives and contributing to conservation through a combination of research, education, and community engagement.


Comprehensive Induction Program (CIP)
 - lead mentor training summer 2019Supporting Delaware's newest educators is essential to ensuring all of Delaware's students receive a quality education and are college and/or career ready. By providing comprehensive support to our newest educators, the Delaware Department of Education, school districts, and charter schools can work together towards increasing educator retention rates; improving professional practices of both new and veteran educators, and most importantly, having positive effects on student achievement.
 The purpose of the Comprehensive Induction Program is to provide new educators with the support necessary to become familiar with school and district policies, hone their professional skills, help them evaluate and reflect on their own professional performance and develop an individualized growth plan to improve their effectiveness.
 Delaware provides a four (4) year mentoring and induction program for educators new to the profession, including teachers, school nurses, school counselors, and school psychologists. Additionally, educators who are new to the State of Delaware are required to participate in one-year of mentoring and induction activities. The Comprehensive Induction Program is divided into four years focusing on providing a comprehensive suite of ongoing professional learning activities and supports carried out over time that meet state, district and/or school goals.
Last Modified on February 15, 2021


MLOps Governance
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MLOps Governance
MLOps governance provides your organization with a rights-management framework for your model development workflow and process.
With this feature, specified users are designated to review and approve events related to your deployments. The types of controllable events include creating or deleting deployments, and replacing the underlying model in a deployment.
Figure 1. Deployment that needs approval (governance applied)Figure 1. Deployment that needs approval (governance applied)
With governance approval workflow enabled, before you deploy a model you're prompted to assign an importance level to it: Critical, High, Moderate, or Low. The importance level helps you prioritize your deployments and the way you manage them. How you set importance for a deployment is going to be based on the factors that drive the business value for where and how you're applying the model. Typically this reflects a collection of these factors, such as the amount of prediction volume, the potential financial impact, or any regulatory exposure.
Figure 2. Importance levels for deploymentsFigure 2. Importance levels for deployments
Once the deployment is created, reviewers are alerted via email that it requires review. Reviewers are users who are assigned the role of an MLOps deployment administrator; approving deployments is one of their primary functions. While awaiting review, the deployment will be flagged as "NEEDS APPROVAL" in the Deployment dashboard. When reviewers access a deployment that needs approval, they will see a notification and be prompted to begin the review process.
Figure 3. Deployment "Needs Approval"Figure 3. Deployment "Needs Approval"
The reviewer clicks Add Review to see a summary of the deployment, and provide comments for the approval decision. They can click to approve the event or to request updates. If approved, the notification banner is removed, or if Request updates is selected, the banner remains but indicates a change is pending.
Figure 4. Reviewing a deployment—approve or request updatesFigure 4. Reviewing a deployment—approve or request updates
In either case, DataRobot keeps track of the full history of all change events for a deployment, and the trail of events is displayed to show who changed what and when, and who approved the changes.
Figure 5. Approval activity for a deploymentFigure 5. Approval activity for a deployment
More Information
If you're a licensed DataRobot customer, search the in-app Platform Documentation for Deployment administrator approval process.
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text:
Ask the Experts
How are franchise territories defined?
Franchisors define trading territories using a variety of criteria, but let's look first at how they should be calculated.
An established business will be able to assess its historical performance to work out what its market share has been, given an area containing a certain number of customers for the product or service. Bear in mind such customers could be defined simply by total population, population of a certain age profile, number of owner-occupied homes of a certain type, total number of small businesses, number of a particular type of business, or even number of households with gardens, young children or pets.
Once the business has worked out how many potential customers are needed to enable a franchisee to meet its targets, it knows how many potential territories there are in the country.
It's then a question of defining the boundaries of these territories, and this is often best done by using postcodes, as it is possible to acquire data that outlines how many of a certain type of customer exists in a particular postcode. Add together enough postcodes to get the desired number in a territory, then repeat the exercise however many times is necessary to map out the entire country, though note that circumstances change and the method should be kept under regular review.
Less sophisticated franchisors have been known to simply rely on county boundaries, local authority regions or Yellow Pages areas, but these tend to produce areas of unequal potential.
You have no Franchises or Opportunities highlighted to enquire about.
Please select some
Have a question about Franchising? Find out how you can have your question answered by a

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Chain Bridge (Budapest)
The Széchényi Chain Bridge, named after István Széchenyi, was the first permanent bridge across the Danube between Pest and Buda.
Cầu treo kiểu xích - Cầu xích, Budapest, Széchényi, Clark, Pest, Buda, Danube, Budapest, Thời đại cải cách Hungary, kiến trúc, cầu, vận chuyển, cầu treo, cột đá
Các mục liên quan
Types of bridges include beam-, arch-, suspension-, cantilever and truss bridges.
Clothing reflects the lifestyle and culture of the region's inhabitants.
The suspension bridge that stretches above the strait between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean was opened in 1937.
The first paddle steamer in Hungary entered service in 1846.
Độ dài khung kim loại của các cây cầu thay đổi khi nhiệt độ thay đổi.
One of the main settings in the well-known Hungarian youth novel was a timberyard.
Medieval Venice owed its wealth to its flourishing maritime trade.
In the Tudor Era around 200 buildings were built on the bridge across the River Thames.
Leonardo's creative legacy also includes several projects related to bridges. This unusual swing bridge allowed for undisturbed water traffic.
King Darius as well as Xerxes built pontoon bridges across the Bosphorus for the Persian army.


Intercellular communication was examined with intracellular electrical techniques in primary and transplanted rat liver cancers. Normal liver cells communicate rather freely with each other through permeable junctional membranes. Cancer liver cells show no communication at all; their surface membrane is a strong barrier to diffusion all around the cell. Cancer cells induce alterations in membrane permeability in normal liver cells; communication among the latter is markedly reduced when cancer cells grow near them.
This content is only available as a PDF.


text: Based on field data collected from 131 small scale dairy farmers that were randomly selected from four agro-ecological zones, this study assessed the potential of adoption of fodder bank technology as a means for improving livestock production and income generation for smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe. Using a logit modelling approach, it also identified the drivers of adoption of the technology by analysing the influence of household characteristics and ecological factors on farmersâ€™ decision to adopt the technology. The model correctly predicted 75% of observed adoption and non-adoption by farmers. Results reveal that dairy herd size, land holding size, membership of dairy association and agro-ecological potential are the key factors influencing farmersâ€™ adoption of fodder bank. Age, sex, household size and educational level of farmers play lesser role. Male and female farmers were equally likely to take up and practice fodder bank if they are given equal access to information and incentives. The study recommends farmer-led extension approaches where farmers who possess certain key characteristics should constitute the initial group for disseminating information regarding the technology in rural communities. The results highlight the importance of access to dairy product markets as a driver for the adoption of fodder banks. It is recommended that forging a strategic partnership with the Dairy Development Programme (DDP) will offer high potential for enhancing the scaling up of the adoption and impact of fodder bank technology in the country.


Profiles of Female Genius: Thirteen Visionary Women Who Changed the World
Gene N. Landrum, Author
Gene N. Landrum, Author Prometheus Books $29.98 (437p) ISBN 978-0-87975-892-9
Reviewed on: 07/04/1994
Release date: 07/01/1994
Landrum, a marketing specialist who wrote a study of male entrepreneurs, Profiles of Genius, here turns his attention to 13 successful women he views as geniuses. Limited to those who developed original and influential concepts during the past 40 years and did not inherit or marry into their profession, Landrum's choices are drawn from diverse fields, including fashion (Liz Claiborne and Lillian Vernon), politics (Golda Meir and Margaret Thatcher), entertainment (Madonna and Oprah Winfrey) and philosophy (Ayn Rand). The author's analysis of the factors that supposedly account for his subjects' abilities are presented in a frequently oversimplified pop psychology format. Landrum argues that these women generally are born first among their siblings, had self-employed fathers, and attended all-girls schools. Common character traits include perfectionism, high self-esteem, independence and charisma. It is unclear whether the women were chosen to fit Landrum's model or vise versa. (July)
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text:
California Keeps Traffic Flowing with Battery Backups at Critical Intersections
Because the new LED traffic signals use so much less energy than the incandescent signals they replace, California has been able to install battery backup power supplies to intersections with high traffic volume. The backup power keeps the traffic lights working and traffic flowing even during power failures. "When electric power fails and signal lights go out at a busy corner, traffic slows to a crawl," explained Energy Commissioner Robert Pernell. "Automobile accidents increase, and pedestrians find that weaving their way through the unregulated maze can be a dangerous, challenging prospect. But now local governments can protect critical intersections from power interruptions that can threaten motorists and pedestrians alike." For more information, see the CEC press release.


text:
Brazilian Leaf-Footed Bug
Many Hemiptera suck plant juices although some have evolved to suck blood and body fluids. Hemiptera groups include water scorpions, water boatman, backswimmers, water striders, plant bugs, bed bugs, assassin bugs, flat bugs, seed bugs, red bugs and stink bugs.
This sap-sucking Leaf-Footed Bug from Southern Brazil shows it's swollen femora hind legs. A few tropical Cor?id have elaborate tibial leaf structures as part of their modified hind legs. This one is relatively conservative although also has spines at the tips of it's pronotum. These true bugs are capable of emitting a scent from a couple of glands on the thorax. Notice the membranous patch of the fore wing. Although most feed on sap, a few are predaceous towards other insects.


text:
This Comment urges that under California law, both adoptees and birthparents should have recognized constitutional rights to privacy in the information contained in court adoption files and original birth certificates. Part I examines the history of sealed adoption records in the United States and in California and how the social forces of the time contributed to the sealing of previously open records. Part II discusses the need for legislative reform by examining policy arguments supporting open records. Part III examines constitutional rights of privacy under the United States and California Constitutions respecting both birthparents and adoptees. Part IV argues that the California legislature should declare privacy rights in sealed adoption records for both adoptees and birthparents. Part V analyzes AB 1349 and concludes that in both versions the privacy rights of birthmothers who do not desire disclosure are not adequately protected by the inclusion of a contact preference option. In addition, the failure of the amended bill to allow access to the court adoption files ensures that the informational privacy rights of both birthparents and adoptees in these records will continue to go unrecognized and unprotected. Finally, Part VI recommends statutory changes in the California adoption records law that will sufficiently protect the competing privacy rights of adoptees and birthparents. To rectify the current situation, there should be a presumption of openness in all adoption records, as well as a shift in the burden of persuasion to show why the records should not be opened.
Opening The Door To The Past: Recognizing The Privacy Rights Of Adult Adoptees And Birthparents In California's Sealed Adoption Records While Facilitating The Quest For Personal Origin And Belonging, 32 Golden Gate U. L. Rev.


text:
The SCS 724 Plus workstation monitor is the first line of defense in your ESD program.
When working with sensitive ESD devices, periodic testing of workstation monitors is useful to a certain extent. Most workstation monitors can fail right after your test frequency procedure, which is dangerous to ESD susceptible items.
By replacing periodic touch testing of wrist straps with continuous monitoring using the SCS 724 Plus workstation monitor, customers ensure operators get an alert when their wrist strap and/or workstation path-to-ground connection fails. This means no more wasted time queuing at a wrist strap test station before each shift and no more daily test logs.
The SCS 724 Plus is an upgrade from the standard SCS 724. New features include:
Operator body voltage detection
Instant alarm if operator generates or comes in contact with voltage that is dangerous to an ESD-susceptible item
Compact, single workstation
Meets ANSI/ESD S20.20 in accordance with ESD TR1.0-01-01
Digital signal processing technology
Provides stable, continuous monitoring (versus pulsed or intermittent)
0.40 Volt operator test voltage
Reduces the risk of electrical overstress (EOS) for the handling of sensitive components
500 millisecond alarm response time
Identifies failures and intermittencies that inferior technologies miss
Operator remote disconnect alarm
Prevents tampering should one intentionally disconnect the operator remote from the monitor
Benefits of continuous monitoring using the SCS 724 Plus
- Instant feedback on the status and functionality of wrist strap
- Monitoring of operator and workstation
- Detection of initial flex fatigue
- Elimination of periodic testing
- Ideal for dual-wire monitoring
- Compatible with SCS 724/725 monitor verification tester


text:
Woodstock is known for its vibrant and creative art scene. It has been long associated with the painters Woodstock that have made an indelible impression on the world of art. There are many lesser-known painters Woodstock who have contributed to the artistic legacy of the town, our website.
They may not be well-known, but the talent and artistry of these unsung artists is undeniable. These are the Woodstock artists whose work is quietly displayed in local galleries.
Emily Bennett is one such artist. She has dedicated her entire life to capturing Woodstock's forests, meadows and ethereal beauty. Bennett's paintings, with their meticulous brushstrokes and keen eye for details, evoke a deep sense of reverence and serenity for nature in viewers. Bennett's dedication to her art and intimate connection with Woodstock landscapes make her an unsung heroine among Woodstock painters.
Thomas Chang is another hidden gem. His abstract paintings are a modern artist who pushes the boundaries of traditional art techniques. Chang's bold, colorful use of texture and color creates a visual harmony that captures the viewer and challenges them to explore new perceptions. Although his innovative style of painting has been praised by local art lovers, Chang's name is relatively unknown outside Woodstock.
These lesser-known Woodstock painters are a testament to a diverse range of artistic forms that flourish within the town's vibrant creative ecosystem. Their work offers a new perspective and a narrative that enriches the tapestry Woodstock's rich artistic heritage.
In a city known for its rich art legacy, it's important to celebrate and uncover the hidden gems of Woodstock painters. We can honor these lesser-known artists and gain a better understanding of Woodstock's multifaceted art scene by shedding light on them.


text:
Author(s): Rui Han; Ruonan Li
Linked Author(s): Ruonan Li, Rui Han
Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: Due to the operations of hydraulic structures, the flow regimes in downstream are dramatically altered, causing lots of changes on the aquatic ecosystem. To evaluate those effects on the fish habitats, an integrated model coupled a two-dimensional water quality module and an individual based fish module was developed. In the individual based fish module, fish swimming behavior to hydrodynamic conditions was taken into consideration. Through field surveys and laboratory flume experiments, the fish preference to flow conditions were investigated and defined. Compared to the previous version of the model, the main improvements consist in the features of population grouping and escaping, space competition, and different adapt abilities to flow changes. The developed model was applied to a compound channel of the Lijiang River in the southwest China, where the flow has been largely modified by the upstream reservoir. The model was validated by the historical fish survey data and the field observations conducted during the study. The scenario analysis showed that, if only the flow aspect was concerned, the flow regulations had positive effects on the non-migrating fish grass carp, but had little impact on crucian carp. In particular, the present operation scheme from early April to end of May should be improved. The methodologies developed in the research can provide support to optimize reservoir operation schemes and improve river management.


Quick Answer: How do i label coordinates in autocad?
How do I set relative coordinates in Autocad?
 1. On the command line, enter DSETTINGS.
 2. In the Dynamic Settings dialog box, click the Dynamic Input tab.
 3. Under Pointer Input, click Settings.
 4. In the Pointer Input Settings dialog box, select either Relative Coordinates or Absolute Coordinates, as desired.
24 мая 2017 г.
How do I draw a line with coordinates in AutoCAD?
Using Specific Coordinates
 1. Click Home tab > Draw panel > Line. Find.
 2. Type the coordinate value for the first point by typing the X value, a comma, then the Y value, for example 1.65,4.25.
 3. Press the Spacebar or Enter.
 4. Do one of the following: …
 5. Press the Spacebar or Enter.
How do I make labels in Autocad?
To Create a Label Template
 1. Click Tools menu Palettes dbConnect.
 2. In the dbConnect Manager, click the New Label Template button.
 3. In the Select a Database Object dialog box, select a link template and click continue.
 4. Enter a name for the label template.
 5. To open the Label Template dialog box, click Continue.
How do you use relative coordinates?
Use relative coordinates when you know the location of a point in relation to the previous point. To specify relative coordinates, precede the coordinate values with an @ sign. For example, entering _USER_,4 specifies a point 3 units along the X axis and 4 units along the Y axis from the last point specified.
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What is the difference between absolute coordinates and relative coordinates in AutoCAD?
There are two ways to enter coordinates in AutoCAD LT. The first is absolute, when you know the actual coordinates of the point you want, like (5,3). The second is relative, when all you know is how far the point is away from another point.
How do I get easting and northing coordinates in AutoCAD?
How to Enter Northings & Eastings in AutoCAD
 1. Select the "Home" tab and choose the "Draw" panel.
 2. Choose the "Line" drop down option. Click "Create Line By Northing/Easting." The button is marked with a line and a grid icon.
 3. Enter the "northing" value. …
 4. Type additional northing and easting values to add additional lines.
How do you plot Northing and Easting coordinates in AutoCAD?
To Create Lines by Specifying Northing/Easting Coordinates
 1. Click Home tab Draw panel Line drop-down Create Line By Northing/Easting Find.
 2. Enter a northing value.
 3. Enter an easting value. …
 4. Continue to enter northing and easting values to define the line segments.
How do I add labels in Autocad 2018?
To Insert Note Labels
 1. Specify the layer for Note labels on the Object Layers tab of the Drawing Settings dialog box.
 2. Click Annotate tab Labels & Tables panel Add Labels menu Notes.
 3. In the Add Labels dialog box, under Feature, select Note.
 4. Select the Note label style to use.
 5. Optionally, select a Marker Style to use.
How do you use leaders in Autocad?
 1. Click Home tab Annotation panel Multileader. …
 2. At the Command prompt, enter o to select options.
 3. Enter l to specify leaders.
 4. Enter s to specify straight leaders.
 5. In the drawing, click a start point for the leader head.
 6. Click an end point for the leader.
 7. Enter your MTEXT content.
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What is relative coordinate system?
Relative coordinates are locations defined by their distance from a reference point. An example of a relative coordinate is the distance from your computer monitor to your printer.
What is the use of offset command?
The offset command in AutoCAD is used to create parallel lines, concentric circles, and parallel curves. We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command.
What do you mean by absolute polar coordinates?
Absolute polar coordinates are measured from the UCS origin (0,0), which is the intersection of the X and Y axes. Use absolute polar coordinates when you know the precise distance and angle coordinates of the point. With dynamic input, you can specify absolute coordinates with the # prefix.
Special Project


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What does ACI mean in Networking?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand ACI in the Computing field in general and in the Networking terminology in particular.
Find a translation for ACI in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this ACI abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
ACI also stands for:
- A Concrete Idea
- Accusativus Cum Infinitivum
- Acute Coronary Insufficiency
- Administrative Concepts Inc
- Advanced Concepts, Inc.
... and 44 more »


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Ritual Wine Container (Lei)
Chinese, Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Ritual Wine Container (Lei), 8th-7th century B.C.
Gift of Mrs. F. Harold Daniels
With loop handles cast onto its wide shoulders and a broad, everted mouth rim, this flat-bottomed ritual bronze vessel is thought to have held wine. Its shape evolved from that of pottery in the late Western Zhou period (1111-770 B.C.). The decoration, organized in two bands of large, interlocking dragons, heralds a change in taste in the early Eastern Zhou dynasty. In the following centuries such designs became denser and more regular in their arrangement of complex, repeated abstract patterns. That the decoration may not have had specific symbolic meaning can be inferred from inscriptions on some Zhou bronzes indicating that they commemorated military victories and gifts of land or titles.


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Georgina Pollard collaborates with Ruy Anaya de la Rosa and Adam Blakester to create an artwork exhibited at the Australia New Zealand 2018 Biochar Conference in Tweed Heads.
I think carbon is central to our understanding of climate change. From one perspective, it seems as if carbon is the antagonist of our impending climate change doom. But carbon is also the building block of life on earth. This story helped me to fall in love with carbon. The way humans have intervened with the carbon cycle is of course, the problem. But how we continue to intervene will have to be part of the solution. And as a novice biochar enthusiast, I feel like falling in love with carbon is part of that solution.


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You can add more videos later to a certain YouTube playlist. All you have to do is press the 'Add videos' button and then select your videos on the aforementioned dialogue box. You can even edit a Playlist, like changing its name, order of the videos, add or change description etc. Just watch the following short video to learn to change order of videos.
change order of videos in a playlist
There's another shortcut way to move a video either to top or bottom. Actually, to the right of each video in a YouTube playlist, there's a 'More' button and a cross button right above its duration. These two buttons normally don't show, they show only while you hover over them. Click on the 'more' button to move a video to the top or the bottom. You can also use the cross button to get a video off the YouTube playlist.
Add a video to multiple playlists
You can actually add any video to multiple playlists on your channel. I am talking about the non-time-consuming way. Surely you can visit the 'playlists' page to edit any playlist(s) individually and add a certain video manually. But that would be a time-consuming matter. What I am going to show you now could be called the 'shortcut way'. It's described below.
First of all you need to click on the 'Edit' option of the particular video while you're on video manager. To the lower-right of the page you'll see the option to '+Add to playlist'. Just click on it, you'll see the list of all the created playlists on your channel. Check the boxes next to playlists you want to add the video to. You will also see an option to create a playlist right there and then. Create a new YouTube playlist if needed. After creating it, you can add the video to it by checking the associating box. Well, whatever changes you made here, be sure to hit the blue 'Save' button at last. The while procedure is shown in the following short video.
adding a video to multiple playlists and creating a new playlist
Download a YouTube playlist by YTD
Now that we have talked about how to create and edit a YouTube playlist, let's learn how to download one. There might be many ways to do that, but I prefer to use YTD in this case. When you put the url of a playlist in YTD to download, you may see the following warning/confirmation:
download a youtube playlist through YTD
If you hit the 'Yes' button, then the whole playlist will start to be downloaded. Upon hitting the 'No' button only the first video of the YouTube playlist will be downloaded. Also while downloading a single video from a playlist, be careful. Suppose you were watching all the videos in a YouTube playlist and suddenly you felt the urge of downloading a single video from the middle of the list. If you copy its link and then paste on YTD, then the above warning sign may appear. If you're going to download a single video, then be sure to hit the 'No' button. To know more about YTD video downloader, here's a nice article for you:
YTD video downloader: Learn how to use that properly
Promote YouTube channel through the use of a blog: Have bigger watch time and earnings
If you promote YouTube channel through the use of an established or semi-established blog, you could have some excellent privileges which you would not have in case of promotion by a social media site like Facebook. The privileges or advantages are that you're likely to have greater watch time and hence the possibility of bigger earnings from your channel.
You know when you share your YouTube videos on Facebook, people hardly care about them, unless you own a popular Facebook profile or page having a lot of regular and dedicated followers. When your Facebook friends or random visitors to your timeline click on those videos to watch them, it is likely that they won't watch your full video. In most cases, they will watch only for 1 or 2 minutes, unless the video content is really exquisite.
Use a blog to promote youtube channel
If you're able to use a blog to promote YouTube channel, then it might be a great idea to do that. This blog could be yours or someone else's. In case you don't have an established blog of yourself, find someone who has. Request them to embed your YouTube videos into the articles of their blog. If needed, be prepared to pay them an amount as if you're about to put ads on their site. Just make sure that your videos have content that is relevant to that blog. For example you can embed a video with title 'How to apply for AdSense' in an article that describes 'Things you should know about AdSense'.
This embedding of your videos into their blog/site will help you promote YouTube channel to a great extent. As previously mentioned, this way you're going to have a bigger watch time on your videos. As a result your videos content will be considered great and hence YouTube's AI will choose to promote your channel quickly.
The difference between blog readers and Facebook visitors
I don't mean that a person who is a blog reader can't be a Facebook visitor. The point is that while you're on Facebook, your mood is totally different compared to that while reading a blog. While on Facebook, you're likely in a casual mode. When people are in this mood, they don't prefer to watch some serious tutorial videos.
Let's face it, they don't browse Facebook to watch videos in the first place, do they? While Facebook's and Twitter's news feed is so full of interesting images and stories, why would people prefer to watch YouTube videos there? Even if they click on a video, they may not watch it for an extended time. That's why no matter how funny and interesting your videos are, they don't get the appreciation they deserve on social media sites. The result is that you have a poor watch time on your YouTube videos and your channel keeps struggling to get established.
Watch-time and percentage watch-time: Know the importance
Come to know why your channel might be stuck with no success
Unless your channel has a good recent average watch time, YouTube's automated system may not choose to take it to the next level. So you had better find a blog or a serious platform like this to promote YouTube channel.
Also you should know that your YouTube earnings are kind of proportional to your watch time. It also depends on which countries the viewers are mostly from. If you can't have majority of your viewers from countries like US, UK, Canada etc. because of your video content or language, that's one thing you have to take for granted. It means you can do nothing about it, unless you change your video content and/or niche and start using a first world language.
But by putting your videos on a blog or a serious platform like this you pave the way to enhance your channel's average watch time and hence the possibility of bigger earnings, compared to other new YouTubers who promote YouTube channel only on Facebook, Twitter and Google+.
How long have I been thinking about this kind of promotion?
I have been thinking about the 'promote youtube channel by a blog' thing for quite a long time now, almost one and a half years. In 2016, YouTubing (earning through uploading videos on YouTube) was kind of easy. Once one of my channels was terminated, I easily created another channel and started my activities on that. It took me only 10-15 days to establish a channel back then. Here 'establish' means to have sufficient number of views and earnings (you know once YouTube earnings start like $10-$20 per day, it's satisfactory for most new YouTubers).
But I was surprised to find that some people didn't need to take even 10-15 days to have their channel established. It looked like they established their YouTube channel overnight. I was wondering as to how that was possible. Then I started scrutinizing their channel. On its homepage I saw the link to their blog. I found that their blog/site was well established and it had existed for a long time then. Naturally blogs like this could have thousands of subscribers and followers. Some of these visitors may surely choose to watch the YouTube videos that are embedded on the site. And they do it for an extended period of time, because they're surely in a serious mode and not in a hurry anyway.
Will these high watch time videos be ever suggested on YouTube's watch page?
Now you might ask a question as to whether these high watch time videos will ever be suggested on YouTube's watch page or featured on its homepage. The answer is – they sure might be. If a channel has many videos all with high watch time, YouTube's artificial intelligence will surely at a point decide to promote that channel. It will then present its videos to viewers who like to watch similar content. This will be done by featuring the videos on these people's YouTube homepage, even by suggesting them on their YouTube watch page.
The viewers have nevertheless the option to mark the videos as 'Not interested', but they are not likely to. This is because Youtube features and suggests videos from various channels based on your watch history. I have found some people complaining that an 18+ or adult video was suggested to them by YouTube automated system. And they claim that they never watched such video previously on YouTube. Well, surely they're not speaking 100% truth. They must have previously watched at least one video which had similar content. (This article describes how to promote YouTube channel by a blog)
Now take my blog and YouTube videos for example.
Recently I have created a new YouTube channel where I have been uploading videos on YouTubing. The purpose of these videos is to present the content of my


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The education system
Education in Catalonia and Spain is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16. A child's school year is determined by their year of birth.
The education system in Catalonia is divided into stages and cycles:
- Pre-school education
- First cycle (0 to 3 years)
- Second cycle (3 to 6 years)
- Primary education (6 to 12 years, compulsory): with six school years divided into three two-course cycles:
- Initial cycle
- Intermediate cycle
- Upper cycle
- Compulsory secondary education (ESO, which stands for Educació secundària obligatòria) (from 12 to 16 years): with four school years.
- Post-compulsory studies:
- Intermediate and upper-grade educational cycles (vocational training)
- University studies
Below you will find more information about education:


How To Use Manual Can Opener?
How do you use a simple can opener?
How To Use A Can Opener (Tutorial) –
How do you use a manual can opener on a one wheel?
Single Wheel Opener
It comes equipped with magnets to hold the can in place, while the wheel cuts through the rim. Usage: Place the opener on top of the lid with the wheel close to the rim. Slice through the lid with ease by cranking the key to turn the wheel.
How do you use a butterfly can opener?
How to use: Vaughan's Safety Roll Jr Can Opener –
How do you use a claw shaped can opener?
Old Kitchen Gadgets That Still Work Great –


preliminary prospectus
(redirected from Pre IPO Prospectus)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus.
Preliminary prospectus
An initial or tentative version of a prospectus.
Preliminary Prospectus
The first prospectus distributed prior to a new issue of a security. The first prospectus contains information such as the terms of issue, the size of issue, and other, relevant data about the security. Importantly, however, it does not contain the new issue's price. Because the preliminary prospectus is subject to change and because the SEC requires part of it to be printed to red ink, it is informally called a red herring.
preliminary prospectus


text:
Date of this Version
The concept of imaging politics and professional culture are two approaches that influence and control each other in managing library performance. This research is conducted by initially looking at imaging politics that operates on aspects of academic qualifications, library accessibility, and institutional governance among three libraries. These institutional images are analyzed through three patterns of imaging politics, i.e. mirror of reality, map of reality, and simulacrum of reality, albeit this last pattern is not found. The second analysis is based on professional culture that functions as a ballacing system. Professional culture in library management shows itself as a referential standard for the performance and practices at the libraries. Both analyses are based on information sources in the form of interviews of informants, which are supported by library documents in digital formats and direct observation during interviews and a number of other visits at the study sites. Then, the third analysis focuses on relations between imaging politics and professional culture at the libraries through theoretical frameworks and other related concepts. In the process of analysis there is implicitly found different ideological orientations at the three libraries. Unfortunately, this research is not designed for this purpose, so it is interesting if there is another further research that works for the phenomena within the framework of imaging politics and professional culture at libraries.


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Quick Answer: What Is The Tax Form California Sign To File Keep?
Common California Income Tax Forms Instructions The most common California income tax form is the CA 540. This form is used by California residents who file an individual income tax return. This form should be completed after filing your federal taxes, using Form 1040.
- 1 What is an 8879 form?
- 2 What is a form 540?
- 3 What is the difference between form 540 and 540 2EZ?
- 4 What is the FTB form 540?
- 5 What is a 1040 tax form?
- 6 What is 1120 S form?
- 7 Can I use Form 540 2EZ?
- 8 Why do I need Form 3853?
- 9 Is Social Security taxable in California?
- 10 How do I get California state tax forms?
- 11 What is RDP tax?
- 12 What is the California standard deduction for 2021?
What is an 8879 form?
Form 8879 is the declaration document and signature authorization for an e-filed return filed by an electronic return originator (ERO). Complete this form when: The Practitioner PIN method is used.
What is a form 540?
What is Form 540? Form 540 is used by California residents to file their state income tax every April. This form should be completed after filing your federal taxes, such as Form 1040, Form 1040A, or Form 1040EZ, because information from your federal taxes will be used to help fill out Form 540.
What is the difference between form 540 and 540 2EZ?
What is the difference between Form 540 and 540 2ez? Form 540 2EZ is one of two California Income Tax Forms used by California full-year residents. Use Form 540 2EZ if: Your filing status is single, married/RDP filing jointly, head of household, or qualifying widow(er).
What is the FTB form 540?
What is a Form 540? A Form 540 is also known as a California Resident Income Tax Return. This form will be used for tax filing purposes by citizens living and working in the state of California. This form is used each year to file taxes and determine if the filer owes taxes or is entitled to a tax refund.
What is a 1040 tax form?
The IRS 1040 form is one of the official documents that U.S. taxpayers use to file their annual income tax return. The 1040 form is divided into sections where you report your income and deductions to determine the amount of tax you owe or the refund you can expect to receive.
What is 1120 S form?
Use Form 1120-S to report the income, gains, losses, deductions, credits, etc., of a domestic corporation or other entity for any tax year covered by an election to be an S corporation.
Can I use Form 540 2EZ?
For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2017, California conforms to federal law to include in the definition of earned income net earnings from self employment. If you have self-employment income, you cannot use Form 540 2EZ. Get Form 540, California Resident Income Tax Return at _URL_ or e-file.
Why do I need Form 3853?
Use Form FTB 3853 to determine if you owe an individual shared responsibility penalty or to claim exemptions from the state individual health coverage mandate on your California state tax return. You may be exempt from the individual mandate if your income is below the state tax filing threshold.
Is Social Security taxable in California?
Social security benefits are not taxable by the State of California. Social security benefits may be taxable by the federal government.
How do I get California state tax forms?
If you are trying to locate, download, or print California tax forms, you can do so on the state of California Franchise Tax Board website, found at _URL_
What is RDP tax?
If you're married/Registered Domestic Partner (RDP), you may choose to file separately. Each spouse or partner will prepare a separate tax return and report their individual income and deductions. Tax rates are higher for the married/RDP filing separately filing status.
What is the California standard deduction for 2021?
Single– $12,400. Married Filing Jointly– $24,800. Married Filing Separately – $12,400. Head of Household– $18,650.


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A novel gas ionization sensor using Pd nanoparticle-capped ZnO
© Wang et al; licensee Springer. 2011
Received: 9 June 2011
Accepted: 30 September 2011
Published: 30 September 2011
A novel gas ionization sensor using Pd nanoparticle-capped ZnO (Pd/ZnO) nanorods as the anode is proposed. The Pd/ZnO nanorod-based sensors, compared with the bare ZnO nanorod, show lower breakdown voltage for the detected gases with good sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, the sensors exhibit stable performance after more than 200 tests for both inert and active gases. The simple, low-cost, Pd/ZnO nanorod-based field-ionization gas sensors presented in this study have potential applications in the field of gas sensor devices.
Gas sensors have attracted considerable attention in recent years because of their huge potential applications, such as pollution detection, environment protection, gas detection for counter-terrorism, etc. . There are two types of gas sensors, chemical type operated by gas adsorption-desorption and physical type operated by field ionization. In different gas varies and concentrations atmosphere, the chemical type gas sensor can detect the modifications of the electronic properties in the active layer, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [2–4], porous silicon , and metal oxides . However, the application of the chemical type gas sensor is limited by several disadvantages, such as the potential difficulties in detecting gases with low adsorption energies, the high working temperature (except for the CNTs based sensors), and the higher power consumption.
Recent efforts have been directed to the physical type of gas senor based on the field ionization, which works by fingerprinting the ionization characteristics of distinct gases. This type sensor can detect gases regardless of their adsorption energies. A novel physical gas sensor based on CNTs has been demonstrated with low breakdown voltage due to its extremely sharp radii [7, 8]. This sensor can detect many gases, such as Air, He, Ar, and gas mixtures, by the strong electric fields generated at the tips to strip electrons from the various gas molecules . However, the CNTs show poor stability because it could easily be oxidized and degraded in the oxygen-contained atmosphere [9, 10].
Recently, gas ionization sensors using a sparse array of vertically aligned gold nanorods as substitutes for CNTs have successfully been prepared for the first time [11–14]. Owing to the chemical stability of one-dimensional ZnO (1D ZnO) nanowires at room temperature, they also have been used for stable field-ionization gas sensors instead of CNTs . However, 1D ZnO nanostructures with relatively smooth surface and larger tip radii, compared with CNTs, need higher breakdown voltage. Therefore, the modification of the surface of 1D ZnO nanostructures to obtain lower breakdown voltage is one of the key issues for gas sensor applications. In this study, we introduce a physical gas sensor using palladium (Pd) nanoparticle-capped ZnO (Pd/ZnO) nanorods as the anode. The results show that the breakdown voltage decreases for the Pd/ZnO nanorod-based sensor, compared with the bare ZnO nanorod. This study investigates the potential applications of such physical ionization gas sensors.
2. Experimental section
ZnO nanorods were grown on silicon substrates through a reactive vapor deposition method as reported in detail elsewhere . The Pd nanoparticles were deposited by a dc sputtering system at a fixed current of 40 mA for 120 s. The morphology of ZnO nanorods was characterized by a Sirion FEG scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and JEM-2010FET transmission electron microscope system operated at 200 kV, respectively. All the data were obtained from the same ZnO nanorods sample, which was cut into two pieces before Pd sputtering.
3. Results and discussion
Figure 1b shows the top view SEM image of the bare ZnO nanorods. The ZnO nanorods have a diameter of 30-40 nm and length of 1 μm. Figure 1c, d shows the typical individual bare ZnO nanorods and Pd/ZnO nanorods with Pd capping by 120 s sputtering, respectively. It is clearly seen that the bare ZnO nanorod has a rather smooth surface and the surface of Pd/ZnO nanorod is distributed with Pd nanoparticles with diameters of about 5 nm.
Figure 2b shows the breakdown voltage of the sensor using Pd/ZnO nanorods for Ar, He/CH4 (60%/40%), Air, and N2, respectively. All the tests were performed at room temperature and at a chamber pressure of 100 Pa. It can be seen that each gas exhibits a distinct breakdown voltage: Ar shows the lowest breakdown voltage and N2 displays the highest one. This precise breakdown voltage is a fingerprinting property for individual gas. The stability of sensor using Pd/ZnO nanorods was tested for air and insert gas of Ar, as shown in Figure 2c. The breakdown voltages of both gases are maintained up to 200 cycles without any significant change. It shows that the sensor exhibits much better stability than that of CNTs . The good performance indicates that Pd/ZnO nanorods could be a better candidate for the field-ionization gas sensor.
In conclusion, a novel field-ionization gas sensor using ZnO nanorods was demonstrated. The sensors using Pd nanoparticle-capped ZnO nanorods, compared with the bare ZnO nanorods, showed lower breakdown voltage. Besides that, the sensors showed good sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, the breakdown voltage of Pd/ZnO nanorod-based sensors was maintained without any significant change during 200 cycle tests. The simple, low-cost devices presented in this study might be expected to expand the applications of gas sensor.
- 1D ZnO:
Pd nanoparticle-capped ZnO
scanning electron microscopy.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract 61106124 and _PHONE_, the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China under contract 2010DFA02010, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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- Sinha N, Ma Z, Yeow T: Carbon nanotube-based sensors. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2006, 6: 573. 10.1166/jnn.2006.121View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Ong K, Zeng K, Grimes C: A wireless, passive carbon nanotube-based gas sensor. IEEE Sensor J 2002, 2: 82. 10.1109/JSEN.2002.1000247View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Kim SJ, Lee SH, Lee CJ: Organic vapour sensing by current response of porous silicon layer. J Phys D Appl Phys 2001, 34: 3505. 10.1088/0022-3727/34/24/314View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Zhang Y, Xu JQ, Xiang Q, Li H, Pan QY, Xu PC: Brush-like hierarchical ZnO nanostructures: synthesis, photoluminescence and gas sensor properties. J Phys Chem C 2009, 113: 3430. 10.1021/jp8092258View ArticleGoogle Scholar
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- Riley DJ, Mann M, MacLaren DA, Dastoor PC, Allison W, Teo KBK, Amaratunga GAJ, Milne W: Helium detection via field ionization from carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 2003, 3: 1455. 10.1021/nl034460cView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Wang MS, Peng LM, Wang JY, Chen Q: Electron field emission characteristics and field evaporation of a single carbon nanotube. J Phys Chem B 2005, 109: 110. 10.1021/jp046526dView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Liao L, Lu HB, Shuai M, Li JC, Liu YL, Liu C, Shen ZX, Yu T: A novel gas sensor based on field ionization from ZnO nanowires: moderate working voltage and high stability. Nanotechnology 2008, 19: 175501. 10.1088/0957-4484/19/17/175501View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Banan-Sadeghian R, Kahrizi M: A novel miniature gas ionization sensor based on freestanding gold nanowires. Sens Actuators A 2007, 137: 248