text:
USDA NIFA has now released the FY23 SBIR/STTR Phase 1 RFA.
The SBIR program supports US-based small businesses solving issues (with commercial potential) related to food and agriculture. This program has and continues to support an Aquaculture priority area (SBIR 8.7).
Here are the links to information and to the application package on grants.gov:
Please share the RFA links with any interested parties and let any and all know that if they are interested in applying they can email me at _EMAIL_ and I will provide them with all requisite information.
Thanks in advance for your help in growing the USDA NIFA SBIR 8.7 program area priority!
Tim Sullivan, National Program Leader, Animal Health and Aquaculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture
The 2022 Census of Agriculture is right around the corner and USDA NASS is making every effort to count all aquaculture producers in the United States.
If you produce any aquaculture products and want to make sure that you are counted in the 2022 Census of Agriculture and the 2023 Census of Aquaculture, please sign up your operation using this online form: 2023 Census of Aquaculture.
Once you have signed up, you might receive a short survey in the next two years to further categorize your operation. But most likely, you will not receive a survey until the 2022 Census of Agriculture in January or February, 2023.
When signing up, please keep these items in mind to better understand how USDA NASS counts aquaculture production:
To be counted as an aquaculture farm, some form of intervention in the rearing process, such as seeding, stocking, feeding, or protection from predators, must be done by the producer.
Aquaculture is defined as the farming of aquatic organisms, including baitfish, crustaceans, food fish, mollusks, ornamental fish, sport or game fish, algae and sea vegetables, and other aquaculture products.
Fish, shellfish, and other aquatic products which are caught or harvested by the public from non-controlled waters or beds without any intervention, or input costs, are considered wild caught and are NOT included in the USDA NASS count of aquaculture farms.
Remember, participating in the 2022 Census of Agriculture and the 2023 Census of Aquaculture is Your Voice, Your Future, and Your Opportunity. To learn more about the Census of Agriculture and Aquaculture, visit _URL_.
All information you provide will be held confidential under penalty of federal law. There is NO sharing of individual farm financial data with other federal agencies other than the final compiled reports that are publicly available. Since NASS surveys are conducted for statistical purposes only, individual reports are protected by law, even from other governmental agencies. Please read and share the NASS Confidentiality Pledge.
Monday, November 15, 2021 NOAA released two Atlases compiling the best available science to inform the identification of Aquaculture Opportunity Areas (AOAs) in the Gulf of Mexico and Southern California. NOAA previously identified these regions for their potential to host sustainable commercial aquaculture development in the United States. Areas in the Atlases will have characteristics expected to support multiple types of aquaculture industries including finfish, shellfish, seaweed, or some combination.
The 2021 Humboldt Bay Symposium will be webcast via Zoom on September 28-30. A long-standing local tradition, the Symposium is a community-oriented conference and provides a unique opportunity for the general public to engage directly with scientists, managers, and local experts. It is a forum for learning about the latest developments on a variety of current issues related to the Humboldt Bay region including research and restoration of coastal ecosystems, economic development, and sustainable use and recreation.
Santa Barbara News-Press by Dave Mason September 15, 2021
Students are getting first-hand experience with sustainable seafood and marine conservation. That's thanks to a collaboration between The Cultured Abalone Farm, the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Sea Center and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Southwest Fisheries Science Center. Select Link
The fund offers small awards (up to $20,000) targeted toward shellfish growers, and large awards (up to $100,000) to address systemic issues facing the shellfish industry.
The small and large funding tracks have different eligibility requirements, application and reporting requirements, priorities, and deadlines. For full details and to apply, visit the resiliency fund website. If you have any questions, please contact SOAR Program Coordinator Christina Popolizio (_EMAIL_).
As President Joe Biden signed the PPP Extension Act of 2021 into law on March 30, 2021, extending the Paycheck Protection Program an additional two months to May 31, 2021, and then providing an additional 30-day period for the SBA to process applications that are still pending, Administrator Isabella Casillas Guzman, head of the U.S. Small Business Administration, said:
"President Biden sent another strong message to America's more than 30 million small business owners negatively impacted by the pandemic: help is here. By signing the PPP Extension Act of 2021 and the American Rescue Plan Act into law, the President is providing additional critical relief to the smallest of the small businesses – the mom-and-pop shops that line our Main Streets and keep our local and regional economies going.
"The leadership of the Biden-Harris Administration, working with leaders of the House Small Business Committee, Chairwoman Nydia Velázquez, and Ranking Member Blaine Luetkemeyer, Reps. Carolyn Bourdeaux and Young Kim, and Senate Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee Chairman Ben Cardin, and Senators Jeanne Shaheen and Susan Collins, ensured a strong bipartisan vote to extend this critical relief to hard-hit small businesses. More than 8.2 million PPP loans have provided struggling small businesses with the relief they need to keep workers employed and make ends meets during this pandemic. The SBA remains dedicated to reaching the heart and soul of the nation's urban, rural, and low-income communities – the smallest businesses – and removing barriers to access this vital relief."
The US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Farm Service Agency (FSA), will accept new and modified CFAP 2 applications beginning April 5, 2021.
Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced yesterday the U.S. Department of Agriculture will begin providing additional financial assistance to farmers, ranchers, and producers impacted by COVID-19 market disruptions. Resources for these payments were approved by Congress in fiscal years 2020 and 2021.
The original application period for CFAP 2 was September 21 through December 11, 2020. USDA will reopen CFAP 2 signup for all eligible producers beginning April 5, 2021. A deadline for signup will be announced at a later date. Learn more at _URL_.
Aquaculture eligible for CFAP 2 includes: any species of aquatic organisms grown as food for human consumption, fish raised as feed for fish that are consumed by humans, and ornamental fish propagated and reared in an aquatic medium. Eligible aquaculture species must be raised by a commercial operator and in water in a controlled environment. This includes molluscan shellfish and seaweed that was previously covered under the U.S. Department of Commerce program.
Eligible sales only include sales of raw commodities grown by the producer. The portion of sales derived from adding value to the commodity, such as processing and packaging, and from sales of products purchased for resale is not included in the payment calculation.
CFAP 2 payments are available for eligible producers of aquaculture commodities, which are categorized as sales commodities. Payment calculations will use a sales-based approach, where producers of eligible commodities are paid based on five payment gradations associated with their 2019 sales.
The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) is increasing the maximum amount small businesses and non-profit organizations can borrow through its COVID-19 Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program. Starting the week of April 6, 2021, the SBA is raising the loan limit for the COVID-19 EIDL program from 6-months of economic injury with a maximum loan amount of $150,000 to up to 24-months of economic injury with a maximum loan amount of $500,000.
Businesses that receive a loan subject to the current limits do not need to submit a request for an increase at this time. SBA will reach out directly via email and provide more details about how businesses can request an increase closer to the April 6 implementation date. Any new loan applications and any loans in process when the new loan limits are implemented will automatically be considered for loans covering 24 months of economic injury up to a maximum of $500,000.
This new relief builds on SBA's previous March 12, 2021 announcement that the agency would extend deferment periods for all disaster loans, including COVID-19 EIDLs, until 2022 to offer more time for businesses to build back. In order to shift all EIDL payments to 2022, SBA will extend the first payment due date for disaster loans made in 2020 to 24-months from the date of the note and to 18-months from the date of the note for all loans made in the calendar year 2021.
Questions about SBA COVID-19 EIDL and disaster loan payments can be emailed to _EMAIL_ or directed to SBA's Customer Service Center at _PHONE_ (_PHONE_ for the deaf and hard of hearing).
California Aquaculture mourns the loss of a dear friend, colleague, and sage advisor, Dr. Fred Conte, state aquaculture specialist for UC Davis Cooperative Extension. Read a special message from Tony Vaught, President of the California Aquaculture Association (CAA) linked here.


text:
Effect of Manure Application Rate and Timing on the Leaching and Runoff Potential of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria and their Associated Gene
Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit
Project Number: 5040-12630-004-15
Start Date: May 01, 2013
End Date: Sep 01, 2014
1) To determine if swine manure application rate to soil affects the leaching and runoff potential of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes found in swine lagoon effluent.
2)To determine if manure application timing affects the leaching and runoff potential of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes found in swine lagoon effluent.
The fate and transport of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes from land-applied swine manures will be evaluated using laboratory columns to determine leaching potential and runoff boxes to determine runoff potential. Different manure application rates and timing of manure application prior to rainfall events will be assessed. Several soil textures and soil water contents will be evaluated.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


alexmngn alexmngn - 1 year ago 195
Javascript Question
React Native + Redux basic authentication
I'm looking for a way to create a basic authentication for my react-native app.
I couldn't find any good example for react-native app.
 - To login, the app sends the email/password + clientSecret to my server
 - If OK, the server returns accessToken + refreshToken
 - The user is logged in, all other requests include the bearer with the accessToken.
 - If the accessToken expires, the app requests a new one with the refreshToken automatically.
 - The user stays logged in all the time, the states should be saved in the phone.
What would be the best approach for this?
Thanks.
Answer Source
When an app communicates with a HTTP API which enforces some form of authentication, the app typically follows these steps:
 1. The app is not authenticated, so we prompt the user to log in.
 2. The user enters their credentials (username and password), and taps submit.
 3. We send these credentials to the API, and inspect the response:
 - On success (200 - OK): We cache the authentication token/ hash, because we're going to use this token/ hash in every subsequent request.
 - If the token/ hash does not work during any of the subsequent API requests (401 - Unauthorized), we'll need to invalidate the hash/ token and prompt the user to log in again.
 - Or, on failure (401 - Unauthorized): We display an error message to the user, prompting them re-enter their credentials.
Logging In
Based on the work flow defined above our app starts by displaying a login form, step 2 kicks in when the user taps the login button which dispatches the login action creator below:
/// actions/user.js
export function login(username, password) {
 return (dispatch) => {
 // We use this to update the store state of 'isLoggingIn'
 // which can be used to display an activity indicator on the login
 // view.
 dispatch(loginRequest())
 // Note: This base64 encode method only works in NodeJS, so use an
 // implementation that works for your platform:
 // 'base64-js' for React Native,
 // 'btoa()' for browsers, etc...
 const hash = new Buffer('${username}:${password}').toString('base64')
 return fetch('_URL_ {
 headers: {
 'Authorization': 'Basic ${hash}'
 }
 })
 .then(response => response.json().then(json => ({ json, response })))
 .then(({json, response}) => {
 if (response.ok === false) {
 return Promise.reject(json)
 }
 return json
 })
 .then(
 data => {
 // data = { authenticated: true, user: 'admin' }
 // We pass the 'authentication hash' down to the reducer so that it
 // can be used in subsequent API requests.
 dispatch(loginSuccess(hash, data.user))
 },
 (data) => dispatch(loginFailure(data.error || 'Log in failed'))
 )
 }
}
There's a lot of code in the function above, but take comfort in the fact that the majority of the code is sanitising the response and can be abstracted away.
The first thing we do is dispatch an action LOGIN_REQUEST which updates our store and lets us know that the user isLoggingIn.
dispatch(loginRequest())
We use this to display an activity indicator (spinning wheel, "Loading...", etc.), and to disable the log in button in our log in view.
Next we base64 encode the user's username and password for http basic auth, and pass it to the request's headers.
const hash = new Buffer('${username}:${password}').toString('base64')
return fetch('_URL_ {
 headers: {
 'Authorization': 'Basic ${hash}'
 }
/* ... */
If everything went well, we'll dispatch a LOGIN_SUCCESS action, which results in us having an authentication hash in our store, which we'll use in subsequent requests.
dispatch(loginSuccess(hash, data.user))
On the flip side, if something went wrong then we also want to let the user know:
dispatch(loginFailure(data.error || 'Log in failed')
The loginSuccess, loginFailure, and loginRequest action creators are fairly generic and don't really warrant code samples. See: _URL_
Reducer
Our reducer is also typical:
/// reducers/user.js
function user(state = {
 isLoggingIn: false,
 isAuthenticated: false
}, action) {
 switch(action.type) {
 case LOGIN_REQUEST:
 return {
 isLoggingIn: true, // Show a loading indicator.
 isAuthenticated: false
 }
 case LOGIN_FAILURE:
 return {
 isLoggingIn: false,
 isAuthenticated: false,
 error: action.error
 }
 case LOGIN_SUCCESS:
 return {
 isLoggingIn: false,
 isAuthenticated: true, // Dismiss the login view.
 hash: action.hash, // Used in subsequent API requests.
 user: action.user
 }
 default:
 return state
 }
}
Subsequent API requests
Now that we have an authentication hash in our store we can pass it into subsequent request's headers.
In our example below we're fetching a list of friends for our authenticated user:
/// actions/friends.js
export function fetchFriends() {
 return (dispatch, getState) => {
 dispatch(friendsRequest())
 // Notice how we grab the hash from the store:
 const hash = getState().user.hash
 return fetch('_URL_ {
 headers: {
 'Authorization': 'Basic ${hash}'
 }
 })
 .then(response => response.json().then(json => ({ json, response })))
 .then(({json, response}) => {
 if (response.ok === false) {
 return Promise.reject({response, json})
 }
 return json
 })
 .then(
 data => {
 // data = { friends: [ {}, {}, ... ] }
 dispatch(friendsSuccess(data.friends))
 },
 ({response, data}) => {
 dispatch(friendsFailure(data.error))
 // did our request fail because our auth credentials aren't working?
 if (response.status == 401) {
 dispatch(loginFailure(data.error))
 }
 }
 )
 }
}
You may find that most API requests typically dispatch the same 3 actions as above: API_REQUEST, API_SUCCESS, and API_FAILURE, and as such the majority of the request/ response code can be pushed into Redux middleware.
We fetch the hash authentication token from the store and setup the request.
const hash = getState().user.hash
return fetch('_URL_ {
 headers: {
 'Authorization': 'Basic ${hash}'
 }
})
/* ... */
If the API response with a 401 status code then we've got to remove our hash from the store, and present the user with a log in view again.
if (response.status == 401) {
 dispatch(loginFailure(data.error))
}
I've answered the question generically and only dealing with http-basic-auth.
I think that the concept may remain the same, you'll push the accessToken and refreshToken in the store, and extract it in subsequent requests.
If the request fails then you'll have to dispatch another action which updates the accessToken, and then recalls the original request.


text:
Function to retrieve the maximum value of the specified quick control assignment. The quick control assignment is determined by the Layer, the index of the quick control and the index of the assignment itself. For example,
this.parent defines the parent layer of the script module as the layer that contains the quick control. The
qc argument is the index of the quick control and the
assignment argument is the index of the assignment with the requested maximum value. The indices of the quick controls and the assignments both start counting from 1.
Available in: Controller.
|qc||The index of the quick control.||number|
|assignment||The index of the quick control assignment.||number|
Returns the maximum value of the specified quick control assignment.
The value range is always 0 to 100 %, even if the mode of the quick control assignment is set to Relative or Switch Relative.
-- print the maximum value of the qc assignment as displayed in HALion
layer = this.parent
qc = 1
assignment = 1
qcTypeqcMode = layer:getQCAssignmentMode(qc, assignment)
qcMax = layer:getQCAssignmentMax(qc, assignment)
-- convert to bipolar range if the qc is of the type relative or switch relative
if (qcTypeqcMode == QCAssignmentTypeQCAssignmentMode.relative or qcTypeqcMode == QCAssignmentTypeQCAssignmentMode.switchRelative) then
qcMax = qcMax * 2 - 100
print("Maximum value of '"..layer.name.."', QC "..qc..", assignment "..assignment..": "..qcMax..".")


23 Januar bis 24. Januar 2017
HOT POTS (What Artists Cook Up in Clay)
Lynda Bengalis
Credit: Nancy R. Schiff, Getty Images.
What is that attract some artists to clay? How have they used it in their works? Artist Betty Woodman once say that there is a simple reason why she decided to use clay in her work: »out of nothing, you make something— it's magic.« Making, firing, glazing. The magic of clay is the supernatural of everyday life. For millennia, clay has been used to make all kinds of things: from simple tools like pots, pans, and plates to jewels, statuettes and tools for religious rituals. Using clay can become a ritual dance: for instance, for artist Lynda Benglis working with clay is like dancing: »I feel the clay; I am the clay… I am the material and what I am doing is embracing it and allowing it to take form.« Like Benglis, artists Betty Woodman and Mary Heilmann too made the process of working with clay and producing ceramics as sort of ritual dance that, over the years, has allowed them to reinvent a tradition that have been around for centuries. During the workshop we will look at the ceramic production of Benglis, Woodman and Heilmann, and how this particular type of artistic production relates to their more general interests and artistic practices.
23 January 2017 // Mon 7 pm // Geleitsstraße, EG
Tiefsee*Film with Federica Bueti
24 January 2017 // Tue 10 am // Geleitsstraße, EG


text:
Did Active Labour Market Policies Help Sweden Rebound From The Depression Of The Early 1990s?
Source: Princeton University
In the early 1990s the Swedish labour market was hit by the worst shock it experienced since the 1930s, with the unemployment rate rising to 10 percent. This development stands out in light of Sweden's performance in the post-war period. Between the mid 1940s and the crisis of the 1990s, the Swedish unemployment rate oscillated between one percent and just under four percent (Figure 1). Unemployment even remained low in the 1970s despite oil price shocks that led to persistently high unemployment elsewhere in Europe.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: The upcoming hypersonic technologies pose a difficult task for air navigation systems. The article presents a designed model of elastic interaction of penetrating acoustic radiation with flat isotropic suspension elements of an inertial navigation sensor in the operational conditions of hypersonic flight. It has been shown that the acoustic transparency effect in the form of a spatial-frequency resonance becomes possible with simultaneous manifestation of the wave coincidence condition in the acoustic field and equality of the natural oscillation frequency of a finite-size plate and a forced oscillation frequency of an infinite plate. The effect can lead to additional measurement errors of the navigation system. Using the model, the worst and best case suspension oscillation frequencies can be determined, which will help during the design of a navigation system.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let $A$ be a noncommutative finitely generated algebra with a finitely generated set of relations. Moreover, assume that $A$ is finite dimensional as a vector space.
What I want to know is, can Mathematica (or any other package) be used to find the dimension of $A$ given only the generators of $A$ and the generators of the set of relations? Or, even better, can Mathematica (or any other package) be used to find a basis of $A$ given only the generators of $A$ and the generators of the set of relations?
Basic examples would be particularily helpful.
share|improve this question
I use GAP (gap-system.org) and the non-commutative Gröbner basis package gbnp (mathdox.org/products/gbnp). You will find examples in the manual. – Leandro Vendramin Feb 2 '12 at 16:16
I used to use Steve Linton's Vector Enumeration but this is now deprecated. – Bruce Westbury Feb 2 '12 at 16:18
Not really related, but still: mathoverflow.net/questions/85400/… – Alexander Chervov Feb 2 '12 at 17:48
If you know A to be a basic algebra then this can be done in Magma. magma.maths.usyd.edu.au/magma/handbook/text/898 Magma may also be able to do more general types of algebra, have a look at the Algebras section of the handbook. There is an online calculator if you don't have institutional access to Magma but it is limited to computations taking at most a minute. – Matthew Towers Feb 2 '12 at 18:46
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
As it was mentioned in my comment, you can use GAP and the noncommutative Gröbner bases package gbnp, written by Arjeh M. Cohen and Jan Willem Knopper.
Here you have an example:
Assume that you want to compute the dimension and a basis for the algebra $A$ with generators $a,b,c$ and relations $a^2 =b^2=c^2=0$, $ab + ca + bc = 0$ and $ba + cb + ac = 0$.
(This algebra is related to Schubert calculus and it was first discovered by Fomin and Kirillov, see MR1667680 (2001a:05152).)
gap> LoadPackage("gbnp");
Loading GBNP 0.9.5 (Non-commutative Gröbner bases)
by A.M. Cohen (_URL_ and
 D.A.H. Gijsbers (_EMAIL_).
gap> A := FreeAssociativeAlgebraWithOne(Rationals, "a", "b", "c");;
gap> a := A.a;;
gap> b := A.b;;
gap> c := A.c;;
gap> rels := [a^2, b^2, c^2, a*b+c*a+b*c, b*a+c*b+a*c];;
gap> K := GP2NPList(rels);;
gap> G := SGrobner(K);;
gap> Display(DimQA(G,3));
gap> PrintNPList(BaseQA(G, 3, 0));
Here is the complete reference related to this algebra:
Fomin, Sergey; Kirillov, Anatol N. Quadratic algebras, Dunkl elements, and Schubert calculus. Advances in geometry, 147--182, Progr. Math., 172, Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, MA, 1999. MR1667680 (2001a:05152).)
share|improve this answer
Great. That looks like just what I want! But I'm having installing the package. On the package page it says: %%%%%%%%%%%%%% unpack GBNP-1.0.1.tar.gz in the pkg subdirectory of your GAP installation (or in the pkg subdirectory of any other GAP root directory, for example one added with the -l argument) with the following command: tar -xvzf GBNP-1.0.1.tar.gz. %%%%%%%%%%%% I typed this into GAP and got an error. What/Where is the pkg subdirectory? – Mihail Matrix Feb 4 '12 at 19:02
Where have you installed GAP? Usually the GAP package directory is gap4r4/pkg/. – Leandro Vendramin Feb 4 '12 at 19:27
_USER_, do you know if there is a way to do this sort of thing in GAP when the algebra is defined over a field of rational functions? – MTS Feb 25 at 0:24
_USER_, Maybe not, but I am not sure. What about Magma? – Leandro Vendramin Feb 25 at 6:53
Your Answer


text:
Showing all 12 results
Dressing Up Trolleys
Dressing up trolleys are essential in an early years setting. They are perfect for hanging role play clothes or even art aprons and coveralls. Without one children are likely to throw their discarded clothes on the floor. And that does not promote good and tidy housekeeping habits in children.
Children throw themselves into dressing up because it is fun and engaging. Learning to dress up and engage in role play is something they can do on their own or with a friend. Communicating with each other is key and getting encouragement from peers is also inspiring.
It is important children are allowed to express themselves through role play because it encourages creativity and imagination. Are they going to be a princess? Or are they going to be a knight in shining armour? Perhaps they may be a ballerina or a football player? Whilst it is important children have an outlet for their creativity, likewise they need somewhere that clearly defines the imaginative area.
And don't forget the humble Dressing Up Trolley offers more than a place to hang clothes and aprons. For example, many designs come with useful storage and trays. Always handy in a busy early years environment. And the wire mobile cloakroom storage trolley remains a firm favourite with its storage tray and coat hooks.
So dressing up trolleys definitely keep clothes neat and tidy. Yet they denote the area for role play and imaginative play as well.
A reminder of the key benefits:
- inspire creativity and imagination
- provide useful hanging and storage space
- allow dressing up clothes to be kept neat and tidy
- define a specific area within the classroom

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


I was recently reading through some posts on this site. A question struck me -
Why does an object attached to the end of a string which is further attached to an accelerating car behave differently than it would if the object is attached with a rod welded to the roof?
P.S.- Apparently there is a misunderstanding with my question. What I mean by 'differently' is that the object when attached through a string tries to remain in rest, but then accelerates with the car (inertia), causing the string to make an angle $\theta$ with the vertical, whereas it is not the case when the object is attached through a rod, i.e., the rod always make $0^\circ$ with the vertical.
enter image description here
Edit - I have added a picture, if that helps...
 - $\begingroup$ Can you clarify what do you mean by 'behave differently'? $\endgroup$ – Cluse Mar 7 at 17:34
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Is it clear now? $\endgroup$ – user290607 Mar 7 at 17:49
 - $\begingroup$ Not to me. I think you're relying on people knowing the class of problem you're talking about, but I don't, so I'll drop it. In general, especially in this type of question with multiple scenarios of things attached together involving angles, etc, a picture really helps. $\endgroup$ – tom10 Mar 7 at 19:07
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Why do you say the rod will always remain vertical? $\endgroup$ – Sandejo Mar 7 at 19:13
 - $\begingroup$ Is the rod able to rotate? Or is it a rod connected to the bus in an unmovable fashion? $\endgroup$ – Deschele Schilder Mar 8 at 9:04
Alright then. Imagine you find yourself on a bus. There is a string hanging from the ceiling. Next to the string, a rod is welded to the ceiling. I think you agree that the string is movable in all directions while the rod is not (unless you attach the rod to a flexible joint).
Now attach a mass to the end of the string and one to the end of the rod. Can you see it? The bus starts to accelerate. The passengers feel themselves pushed to the seat they are in. Just so, both masses feel a force directed to the rear of the bus. The mass on the string is free to move (within the confine the string imposes) and the string will make an angle with the vertical direction. This angle depends on the value of the mass attached. The higher the mass, the smaller the angle (the force of gravity, which pulls the mass down gets bigger). The mass on the rod will not be able to move because the rod is welded to the ceiling. Only if the rod can move in the way the string can move, both the string and the rod will make an angle with the vertical upon acceleration.
Do you get me?
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ No. That still does not answer my question. Why does not the rod bend? $\endgroup$ – user290607 Mar 8 at 13:04
 - 2
 $\begingroup$ Ah. now its clear. The röd bends a little. If it would bend visibly it wouldnt be a rod. $\endgroup$ – Deschele Schilder Mar 8 at 16:10
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ I have accepted your solution. Since the rod bends a little, the horizontal component of the force on the bus is the only force on the object, which is the same as compared to the string. Where is the difference (there is a subtle difference, I think). Please elaborate. $\endgroup$ – user290607 Mar 8 at 17:11
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ What do you mean by the force on the bus? $\endgroup$ – Deschele Schilder Mar 8 at 17:14
 - $\begingroup$ The force which causes the bus to accelerate. $\endgroup$ – user290607 Mar 8 at 17:15
I understand I have not understood the question right when I answered the following:
Because of inertia. If no forces are acting on an object, the objects velocity does not change. Using a string the car accelerates the object to a certain velocity and when slowing down the object will continue to move towards the car as no forces are acting on it (until it hits the car where the normal force of the mass of the car slows it down at once). Using a rod the object again accelerates with the car as it is tied to it. But when the car slows down, the normal force of the mass of the car immediately acts on the object thrue the rod, slowing down the object at the same time as the car slows down.
Second Try:
If I understood correctly what is meant here, the reason for the object making an angle to the "vertical" is simply inertia and the fact that it the string has a finite length: The object (attached outside of the car on the ceiling or inside on the ground) wants to stay at rest but is accelerated. The only way to stay as much at rest as possible is to move down (in addition to moving to the opposite side of the acceleration relative to the car) and thus making that angle.
If you meant horizontal instead of "vertical" (the object being attached to the back of the car outside) then the reason is chaos of aerodynamics. Aerodynamics predicts that the object moves in every direction, despite being dragged back by inertia and thus making that angle. But I'm not that familiar with aerodynamics and am therefor not able to give you more details. What I do understand is that when using a fixed rod welded to the car, the object has no degree of freedom whatsoever. Its position is completely determined by the car. A string gives the object all three degrees of freedom $(r,\theta,\varphi)$, inspite of some boundaries: $r\le L$ (length of string), $\varphi\in [0,\pi]$ (object can't go into the car), $\theta\in [0,\pi]$ (boundaries for $\theta$ are normal). Having these degrees of freedom the chaotic consequences of aerodynamics act on the object.
 - $\begingroup$ I think that the object hangs on a string or rod instead of lying on the ground (of the bus or behind it). $\endgroup$ – Deschele Schilder Mar 8 at 9:13
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I have extended my answer. $\endgroup$ – Roger Mar 8 at 11:37
 - $\begingroup$ Do you envision the object in or outside the car? I'm not sure if I understand the connection between the deviation from the vertical and chaos of aerodynamics. If I hang (inside a bus) a mass on a string, then on acceleration of the bus the object the string will deviate from hanging vertical (which a rod melted to the ceiling can't do). $\endgroup$ – Deschele Schilder Mar 8 at 11:45
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I have mistaken vertical with horizontal. The answer is updated now. $\endgroup$ – Roger Mar 8 at 11:51
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I don't think my question has anything to do with aerodynamics. You can think of the bus in vacuum if you wish. $\endgroup$ – user290607 Mar 8 at 12:34


Alexa.Gadget.SpeechData Interface
This interface sends your gadget speechmark data. Speechmarks are metadata that enable your gadget to synchronize speech with visual experiences. One example of an action that your gadget can take based on this data is to lip sync to Alexa's text-to-speech (TTS).
Supporting this interface
To support this interface, the gadget must respond to the Echo device's Discover directive with a Discover.Response event that includes the following entry in its array of Capabilities:
 "type": "AlexaInterface",
 "interface": "Alexa.Gadget.SpeechData",
 "version": "1.0",
 "configurations": {
 "supportedTypes": [
This interface includes one directive: Speechmarks, as described next.
Speechmarks directive
This directive provides speechmark data to your gadget. The.proto file contents are as follows:
message SpeechmarksDirectiveProto {
 Directive directive = 1;
 message Directive {
 alexaGadgetSpeechData.SpeechmarksDirectivePayloadProto payload = 2;
 header.DirectiveHeaderProto header = 1;
message DirectiveHeaderProto {
 string namespace = 1;
 string name = 2;
 string messageId = 3;
 string dialogRequestId = 4;
message SpeechmarksDirectivePayloadProto {
 repeated SpeechmarksData speechmarksData = 2;
 message SpeechmarksData {
 int32 startOffsetInMilliSeconds = 3;
 string type = 2;
 string value = 1;
 int32 playerOffsetInMilliseconds = 1;
The fields in this message are as follows:
Field Description Type
directive Contains a complete Speechmarks directive. Directive
The fields of the message are as follows:
Field Description Type
header Contains the header for this directive. DirectiveHeaderProto
payload Contains the payload for this directive. SpeechmarksDirectivePayloadProto
The fields of the message are as follows:
Field Description Type
namespace The namespace of this directive, which is Alexa.Gadget.SpeechData. string
name The name of this directive, which is Speechmarks. string
messageId An ID that uniquely defines an instance of this directive. This string can be empty. string
dialogRequestId A unique ID that correlates this directive with a specific voice interaction from a user. You can ignore this field. string
The fields of the message are as follows:
Field Description Type
speechmarksData An object that represents speechmark data. It specifies the type of data, values, and offset. SpeechmarksData
playerOffsetInMilliseconds Where the speech currently is in its stream, in milliseconds. int32
The fields of the message are as follows:
Field Description Type
type The type of speechmark data that this directive contains. Currently, the only possible value is "VISEME". Viseme is a mouth position that corresponds to a spoken sound. string
value The value of the speechmark. string
startOffsetInMilliSeconds The start offset of the value, in milliseconds.
To determine how to sync speechmark data to Alexa's speech, use startOffsetInMilliSeconds minus playerOffsetInMilliseconds.
For example, say your gadget receives the following viseme speechmark data at playerOffsetInMilliseconds = 7000:
value: "t", startOffsetInMilliSeconds: 3000
value: "a", startOffsetInMilliSeconds: 5000
value: "p", startOffsetInMilliSeconds: 9000
value: "e", startOffsetInMilliSeconds: 11000
Because playerOffsetInMilliseconds is 7000, your gadget should start considering the values at "p", and ignore the earlier values.
If playerOffsetInMilliseconds and startOffsetInMilliSeconds are both zero, the gadget should process the data immediately.


Change Management & First Deployment
Updated 1 year ago by Copado Solutions
Copado Change Management setup will let you achieve best practices in your release management process. With this setup you will be able to control your user stories and their metadata changes as they move through your environment landscape until they finally reach the production environment.
Setup Steps
 1. Create a new project and link it to your pipeline.
 2. Create a user story:
 - In the Project field, select your new project.
 - In the Environment field, select the source environment where you will develop the user story. This environment has to be present in your pipeline.
 - In the Org Credential field select the org credential that corresponds to the environment you have previously selected.
 - Click on Save.
 3. Commit files within the user story by clicking on Commit Changes. Select a couple of metadata components for testing purposes.
 4. Edit the user story and check the Ready to Promote checkbox or click on Submit:
 1. Create a promotion:
 - In the Project field select the project you have already created.
 - In the Source Environment field select the environment where you have been developing your user story. The source org credential and the destination environment and org credential will be populated based on the source environment selected.
 - Click on Save.
 - The user story should appear on the Selected User Stories section. Select it and click on Create Deployment.
 - A new deployment will appear in the Deployments related list. Click on it and you will be redirected to the Deployment detail page.
 2. In the Deployment detail page you will notice that there is a source org and a corresponding destination org (as defined in your pipeline).
 - Click on the Git Promotion step. A table will appear with the metadata components that were committed, which will be deployed to the destination org.
 3. Once the deployment is finished, check the following changes:
 - In the destination org you will find that the metadata components were successfully deployed.
 - In the repository branch linked to the destination org, you will see that the user story files were recently merged.
 - If you open the user story, you will notice the environment has changed from the original value to the destination environment. Now, this user story can be tested again in the new org, and whenever it is ready to be promoted to the next environment, just repeat the promotion process.
How did we do?


2
$\begingroup$
I am going through this imagenet example.
And, in line 88, the module DistributedDataParallel is used. When I searched for the same in the docs, I haven't found anything. However, I found the documentation for DataParallel.
So, would like to know what is the difference between the DataParallel and DistributedDataParallel modules.
$\endgroup$
 - $\begingroup$ well, by docs I think they are totally same. Aren't they? $\endgroup$ – Frank Jan 10 at 5:47
5
$\begingroup$
As the Distributed GPUs functionality is only a couple of days old [in the v2.0 release version of Pytorch], there is still no documentation regarding that. So, I had to go through the source code's docstrings for figuring out the difference. So, the docstring of the DistributedDataParallel module is as follows:
Implements distributed data parallelism at the module level. This container parallelizes the application of the given module by splitting the input across the specified devices by chunking in the batch dimension. The module is replicated on each machine and each device, and each such replica handles a portion of the input. During the backwards pass, gradients from each node are averaged. The batch size should be larger than the number of GPUs used locally. It should also be an integer multiple of the number of GPUs so that each chunk is the same size (so that each GPU processes the same number of samples).
And the docstring for the dataparallel is as follows:
Implements data parallelism at the module level. This container parallelizes the application of the given module by splitting the input across the specified devices by chunking in the batch dimension. In the forward pass, the module is replicated on each device, and each replica handles a portion of the input. During the backwards pass, gradients from each replica are summed into the original module. The batch size should be larger than the number of GPUs used. It should also be an integer multiple of the number of GPUs so that each chunk is the same size (so that each GPU processes the same number of samples).
This reply in the Pytorch forums was also helpful in understanding the difference between the both,
$\endgroup$
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text:
As part of the Quality Improvement Scheme (QIS) this year we need to contribute reducing the estimated prevalence gap for AF in Leeds, estimated in 4624 people
- Patients identified as potential AF need records checking and diagnosis made based on ECG/cardiology letters
Using RAIDR, 57 patients were identified as with codes that would suggest the possibility of an undiagnosed AF.
- One deceased patient
- One invalid NHS number, so unable to check.
- Two already known AF somehow not picked by RAIDR.
- One patient with AF not coded, even though on medication, and seen by cardiology.
- Seven patients had irregular pulse not followed up.
- 30 Patients were followed up in practice and ECG indicated:
- 21 sinus rhythm.
- 4 sinus bradycardia
- 1 sinus tachycardia
- 3 normal.
- 1 old RBBB
- One patient had regular pulse and was mis-coded with "ECG: AF" when there was an intention to refer for ECG treadmill.
- One patient had irregular pulse coded and text indicating it was an ectopic, and under Cardiology.
- 13 Patients were seen by cardiology as some arrhythmias were found and diagnoses made were
- 6 SVT
- 1 VT
- 1 AVNRT
- 1 sinus arrhythmia
- 1 Wolf Parkinson White.
- 1 No AF, no arrhythmia diagnosis.
- 1 No AF. IHD diagnosis.
- 1 Vasovagal syndrome
RAIDR, as expected showed issues with coding and lack of coding. Many ECG findings were not coded, and had to be added. There has been little benefit yet on improving AF prevalence looking at 57 cases and finding 1 not coded, although there are 7 patients that could me undiagnosed.
PLAN OF ACTION
- 7 Patients to be invited for ECG
- ECG codes added and errors amended.
- We shall run again RAIDR next year to assess if the new codes will take them out of the potential list.


text:
The knee strength training device "Knee Trainer", which was jointly developed by the research group of Kurume University School of Medicine (Chief Professor Naoto Shinami) and Panasonic Co., Ltd., is on sale from August 2015, 8, which is effective for elderly people and astronauts. increase.
For knee trainers, "hybrid training", which Professor Shinami started researching for elderly people suffering from leg weakness in 2000, is being utilized.Hybrid training is a new training method that combines human movement and electrical stimulation. Panasonic is in charge of circuit design and has been developing it in collaboration with the university.
When you walk with your knee trainer on, the body motion sensor can sense the movement of your legs, apply electrical stimulation to your muscles, and effectively train the muscles around your knees.In addition, you can walk while stabilizing your muscles by applying electrical stimulation even when landing, which puts a strain on your knee joints.It supports the comfortable walking exercise of elderly people who suffer from leg weakness and knee problems.
In addition, since hybrid training can be used as a method for coping with astronaut muscle weakness, we have been conducting joint research with JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency).At the International Space Station, we also conducted verification using special experimental equipment incorporating the concept of hybrid training, and confirmed that the equipment can be used without problems in space and can be expected to have a preventive effect on muscle atrophy in microgravity.
The knee trainer is sold only at stores certified by Panasonic, and the price is 14 yen (excluding tax).
Source:[Kurume University] Experiment at the International Space Station World's first * 1 Launched "Knee Trainer", a strength training device equipped with "Hybrid Training"


Roma Music & Emotion Image 1
Roma Music & Emotion
In Roma Music and Emotion, author Filippo Bonini Baraldi forges a much-needed theory of music, emotion, and empathy from an anthropological perspective, addressing the failure of the prevailing psychological theories on music and emotion to account for non-western musical cultures.
Bonini Baraldi, having spent years among the Hungarian Roma of rural Transylvania, presents compelling ethnographic descriptions of their weddings, funerals, community celebrations, and intimate family gatherings. Based on extensive field research and informed by hypotheses drawn from the cognitive sciences, the anthropology of art, and aesthetics, Roma Music and Emotion analyzes why Roma musicians cry along with music and how they arouse specific feelings in their audiences.
Translated by Margaret Rigaud, and with a Foreword by Steven Feld, Roma Music and Emotion makes an important ethnomusicological contribution to theoretical discussions of the relationship between music and emotion.


text:
Glossary Term – Person
Andrew Carnegie opened America's largest steel plant in 1875 near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. An industrialist born in Scotland, Carnegie was a self-made man who had worked in textiles and railroads as a young man. Carnegie made a fortune in the steel industry but also made a name for himself as a philanthropist. In 1889, he published "The Gospel of Wealth," an essay extolling the benefits of wealth as well as the responsibilities of the wealthy to the public.


text:
posted by Hannah .
The decomposition of sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) is a first-order process. The rate constant for the decomposition at 660 K is 4.5 10-2 s-1.
(a) If we begin with an initial SO2Cl2 pressure of 425 torr, what is the pressure of this substance after 74 s?
what is the equation to solve this?
ln(Po/P) = kt
Po = initial P
P = final P. Solve for this.
k = given
t = given
i got 11873 which seems kinda high..?
is k negative because of the s-1?
without making it negative i got 15.21 which seemed more reasonable but when i plugged it in it was wrong
k is not negative.
I obtained 15.23. How is the problem stated? If k = 4.50E-2 then you are allowed three significant figures and you should report 15.2 and the data base is counting it wrong because you are using too many places. If k = 4.5E-2 you are allowed only two significant figures and you should report 15.
i just tried that and it is wrong.
does the temperature it gives have anything to do with the problem?
The correct answer is 15 torr.
Does the problem as for P in torr or some other unit?


text:
- Draft Research Design
- Phase 1 Counties Modeled
- Phase 1 Research
- Phase 1 Model Results
- Phase 2
- Phase 3
- Final Report Phases 1-3 (2002)
- Phase 4
The first phase of Mn/Model (1996) developed models for only 29 counties in Minnesota. These were the counties surveyed by the Minnesota Statewide Archaeological Survey (MnSAS) between 1977 and 1980. It was assumed at the time that these counties would have the best available archaeological database.
Phase 1 Research
The research team's vision for the Mn/Model project at the time of Phase 1 is documented in the Draft Research Design. The research design that was followed is documented in the Mn/Model Final Report for Phases 1-3. The modeling regions used were Anfinson's Archaeological Resource Regions. The archaeological database was composed strictly of MNSAS sites, as this survey was assumed to have had a 'probabilistic' survey design.
Phase 1 Results
Much of the time spent in Phase 1 was for converting data and developing standards and procedures for modeling. Environmental data were prioritized based on their quality and availability statewide. Environmental variables were defined, tested, then refined to eliminate apparent problems. The Phase 1 models were rather simple and had low predictive power, predicting sites only 22%-54% better than by random chance alone.
Lessons learned from Phase 1
Analysis of the Phase 1 results suggested several necessary changes. We requested changes to the archaeological database to provide more information for stratifying by site types. We expanded the analysis to include data from probabilistic surveys, CRM surveys, and Phase 3 and National Register sites. We eliminated some environmental variables from the analysis and defined new ones. We considered the effects of removing single artifacts and lithic scatters from the archaeological database.
Mn/Model was financed by the Minnesota Department of Transportation using funds set aside by the Federal Highway Administration's Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act.
The Mn/Model process and the predictive models it produced are copyrighted by the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT), 2000. They may not be used without MnDOT's Consent.


text:
You define Vanity URLs in CQ to create easy-to-remember and easy-to-search URLs on your website.
The following video demonstrates how to define a Vanity URL for a specific page on your website.
To verify the vanity URL that you created using the steps in the video, do the following:
- Go to the Adobe CQ5 Web Console (http://localhost:4502/system/console/jcrresolver).
- Enter the name of the vanity URL in the Test text box of the Configuration Test section and click Resolve.
The result of the test appears in the next line.
If you defined the URL correctly, the path value in the result displays the resolved URL.
You can also use the Sling Resource Resolver to verify issues that you face when creating vanity URLs.
For example, if the vanity URL does not exist:
Also, you defined a vanity URL but when you test the URL on the browser, another page shows up.
Again, you can use the Sling Resource Resolver to verify the resolved URL for a vanity URL. For example, you defined the same vanity URL (dealoftheday) for two pages on your website.
This issue occurs since you define vanity URLs by page. So it's necessary to go to a specific page to define a vanity URL for that page. In this case, you inadvertently set the same vanity URL for two pages.
To get around this issue, you can either go to the Sling Resource Resolver and go through the list of Resolver Map Entries. This list contains defiend vanity URLs.
Alternatively, you can use the URL Mapping feature of CQ to replicate this functionality.
To create a URL map between a /content URL in your repository and a shortened URL:
- Go to the Configuration tab of the Adobe CQ5 Web Console (http://localhost:4503/system/console/configMgr).
- Go to the Apache Sling JCR Resource Resolver section.
- Click the + sign in the URL Mappings section.
- In the new text box, enter the resolved URL and the vanity URL.
- Click Save.
- Finally, follow the steps to verify your vanity URL, goingforgold.


Socket.Connected Property
Gets a value that indicates whether a Socket is connected to a remote host as of the last Send or Receive operation.
Namespace: System.Net.Sockets
Assembly: System (in System.dll)
public bool Connected { get; }
Property Value
Type: System.Boolean
true if the Socket was connected to a remote resource as of the most recent operation; otherwise, false.
The Connected property gets the connection state of the Socket as of the last I/O operation. When it returns false, the Socket was either never connected, or is no longer connected.
The value of the Connected property reflects the state of the connection as of the most recent operation. If you need to determine the current state of the connection, make a nonblocking, zero-byte Send call. If the call returns successfully or throws a WAEWOULDBLOCK error code (10035), then the socket is still connected; otherwise, the socket is no longer connected.
If you call Connect on a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) socket, the Connected property always returns true; however, this action does not change the inherent connectionless nature of UDP.
The following code example connects to a remote endpoint, checks the Connected property, and checks the current state of the connection.
//.Connect throws an exception if unsuccessful
// This is how you can determine whether a socket is still connected.
bool blockingState = client.Blocking;
 byte [] tmp = new byte[1];
 client.Blocking = false;
 client.Send(tmp, 0, 0);
catch (SocketException e)
 // 10035 == WSAEWOULDBLOCK
 if (e.NativeErrorCode.Equals(10035))
 Console.WriteLine("Still Connected, but the Send would block");
 Console.WriteLine("Disconnected: error code {0}!", e.NativeErrorCode);
 client.Blocking = blockingState;
 Console.WriteLine("Connected: {0}", client.Connected);
.NET Framework
.NET Framework Client Profile
Supported in: 4, 3.5 SP1
Supported in: Windows Phone 8.1
Supported in: Windows Phone Silverlight 8.1
Supported in: Windows Phone Silverlight 8
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© 2014 Microsoft


Monday 19 October 2020
History teacher in year 2120 tells class that lockdown of 2020 was 'economic suicide' as everyone saved now dead anyway
history teacher in the future
A humanoid history teacher in the year 2120 has spent the morning telling its class about the great lockdown of 2020, and how the economic cost has been proven to be a complete waste of resources because everyone saved is now dead anyway.
Teacher C3852, recently uploaded with the most recent revision of the early 21st-century history syllabus, explained to a rapt class of young children that although their great grandparents survived the lockdown, they have all ultimately succumbed to other fatal illnesses.
It explained, "The government spent billions trying to save people from the novel coronavirus, it locked down businesses, it basically put everyone under house arrest, and it put the nation into even worse debt.
"It was so bad that the economy shrank by about 10% in 2020. Yet despite all of this, everyone saved by those policies is now dead. So the question I have for you, class, is 'was it worth it'?
"I'd like each of you to write an essay explaining your thinking on the subject, and please bear in mind that the post-Brexit famine killed way more people that Covid, so was worrying about the virus really that big a deal?"
Member of the class, Jake Williams, 11, said that upon hearing all the evidence, he didn't see why any money was spent trying to save people who were only going to die anyway.
He told us, "If I've learned anything from studying our nation's history, it's that my role as an organic unit of economic production is a fleeting one, and I should be grateful for the few moments of pleasure I might be lucky enough to enjoy along the way.
"Anyway, it's maths now, sorry."
There are currently witterings below - why not add your own?
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text: Abstract Ventilator-dependent children are surviving longer and increasing in number. This qualitative study was undertaken to describe the impact of a ventilator-dependent child on 10 families and to describe the management styles used by the parents. In five families, the child remained hospitalized due to the disability while in the other five the child primarily lived at home. Three major themes in managing were elicited: barriers, resources, and parenting. Parents believed they should try to normalize their child's experiences, that interactions with health care professionals required negotiation and assertiveness, and that they needed some support person(s) outside of the family.


text:
One of the most important features of this universal object is it's ability to display not only a static text, but expressions as well. Expressions can be located in the object together with text. Let us examine a simple example of how it can be performed. Put the following line into the object:
Hello, World! Today is [DATE].
Thus, when running the report, we can get something like follows:
Hello, World! Today is 01.01.2004.
What lead to such result? During FastReport report building, if an expression enclosed in square brackets is encountered, the engine calculates it's value and inserts the value into the text (in place of the expression). The "Text" object can contain any number of expressions, together with a usual text. Both single variables and expressions can be enclosed in brackets (for example, [1+2*(3+4)]). Any constants, variables, functions, and DB fields can be used in expressions. We will learn more about these features later, in the chapter.
FastReport automatically recognizes expressions enclosed in square brackets in the text. But what should be done if our object contains square brackets, and we do not want them to be considered as expressions? For example, if we need to display such text as following:
a := 10
FastReport considers as an expression, and displays the following:
a1 := 10
that is not what we want, of course. One of the ways to avoid such a situation is to disable the expression. Just disable the "AllowExpressions" property ("Allow Expressions" in the context menu), therefore all the expressions in the text will be ignored. In our example, FastReport would then display exactly what we need:
a := 10
Sometimes text is required to contain both an expression and a text in square brackets, for example:
a := [myVar]
Disabling of an expression allows us to display square brackets in the required place, but it also disables handling of expression. In this case, FastReport allows you to use another set of symbols to designate the expression. The "ExpressionDelimiters" property, which is equal to "[,]" by default, is responsible for it. In this case, the user can use angular brackets for the expressions, instead of square ones:
a :=
The "<,>" value must be set in the "ExpressionDelimiters" property. As you can see, the comma divides opening and closing symbols. There is one limitation however: the opening and closing symbols cannot be similar, so "%,%" will not work. One can set several symbols, for example "<%,%>" Thus, our example will look as follows:
a := <%myVar%>


text:
Roadside infrastructure for safer European roads: Road scene analyses of ten accident sites [Wegontwerp voor een veiliger Europa: wegbeeldanalyses van 10 ongevalslocaties]
TNO Technische Menskunde
de Ridder, S.N.
Purpose: The road scene analyses presented here were conducted within Work-Package 1 of the EU-RISER project. Within this workpackage, Task 1.2 consisted of constructing a detailed-reconstruction-database. For that purpose TNO Automotive collected 10 new accidents and TNO Human Factors added a road-scene analysis to each accident to provide more in depth information specifically in relation to the interaction of the driver with the road design and roadside furniture. This database serves as a starting point to include Human Factors principles within the roam of roadside infrastructure design by means of developing guidelines and analysis procedures necessary to select, implement, and operate a safe, efficient and affordable roadside infrastructure in the EU. This report describes the road scene analyses performed by TNO Human Factors of the ten accidents. Method: Two experts visited all ten locations during daytime circumstances. If the accident had taken place during the dark hours of the day the site was also visited at night. For each of the ten accident sites, a video was made of the approach to the accident site to have a clear impression of the road the victim travelled prior to the accident. After an approach-video was made, the road scene analysts returned to the sight to take pictures. Both road scene analysts then filled in a road-scene analysis checklist, independent of each other. The checklist can be found in Appendix A. After filling in the checklist the site was visited once more. The same procedure was followed during dayand nighttime observations. After the on-site analysis as described above, both experts finalised their observations using the video and picture material off-site and discussed each-others conclusion to come to a clear final analysis of each case. Results: Each analysis of each accident site is reported as follows: 1 Short description and background of the accident 2 Description of the road scene 3 Road-scene analysis results. Conclusions: For five of the ten locations, the road-scene analysis did not reveal a specific reason based on the road layout why the crash with a tree or road side furniture had occurred. Two locations showed a mismatch of the road design and the road category and the speed limit posted. In both cases the road design invites the road user to drive faster than the local maximum speed limit. This is specifically the case for frequent users who know the road very well. For a third location the road design introduced a specific risk factor: machismo. The road has a multitude of curves that could be appealing to the frequent user with a racing mind. The road layout is congruent with the road category in this case but invites nevertheless to race. Two accidents occurred in a work zone. In this work zone the general principle that yellow markings go before white markings for the general public is reversed for work traffic. Work traffic is directed toward a work-traffic exit by yellow markings that are NOT to be used by the general public. In both cases it seemed that the double meaning of the yellow markings depending on the context was very confusing. For two situations the conclusion is that the road scene itself does not provide an explanation for why the driver left the road. In those cases worth mentioning is the shielding of the obstacles the driver encountered while running off the road. One is a situation with a bus lane that is being separated by a poorly visible barrier. This barrier can easily be passed on the wrong side by the road user. This means that the driver can enter the bus lane by accident very easily. If this is the case the design of the bus lane should take into account that drivers with, in general, higher speeds than the busses, accidentally enter the bus lane. In that case the design should be accordingly. Another situation reveals the hazard that is introduced when one shields specific obstacles locally but leaves space between the guardrails that consecutively shield them. When a driver is so unfortunate to leave the road between the two obstacles he/she can then get behind the guardrail of an obstacle and crash into it anyway.
Naar aanleiding van 10 ongevallen met wegkantmeubilair zijn 10 wegbeeldanalyses uitgevoerd op locaties binnen het EU-RISER project.
To reference this document use:
TNO, Soesterberg Soesterberg


text:
Josh Bullock, Guest Columnist: Finances are a top concern for community college students | Columns
In the recently released Lake Land College trend analysis report, research indicates that financial insecurity is a major concern for many community college students and can often hamper their ability to meet their graduate goals.
A national survey conducted at the start of the pandemic showed that four in 10 community college students were food insecure and 11% were homeless. Local data collected before the pandemic supports this national trend. A fall 2019 survey of 557 students by the PTK section of Lake Land found that 74% of respondents reported having financial difficulties in their daily lives to pay for basic needs such as gasoline, food and bills, and 73% of respondents said they had to work at least 11 hours or more per week. Almost 50% of all community college students participating in a national survey said lack of financial resources was an issue that could cause them to withdraw from college.
It might be easy for us as a community to look away; however, the impact of this data extends beyond the Lake Land College campus.
When our Lake Land College students who live paycheck to paycheck have a financial mishap – a trip to the emergency room, a broken down car, an unexpected bill – it can be a turning point in their educational journey.
At Lake Land College, we have several mechanisms in place to help students, such as the Laker Food Pantry and an emergency aid fund created by a generous donor from the Lake Land College Foundation. However, it only helps students who ask. How many of our students don't turn to us for help?
Why is this an important topic to consider as a community? The level of education of a community can be linked to economic success. In a recently published study, the authors found a significant positive correlation between educational attainment and strong economic growth, indicating that an increase of just 1% in the number of people obtaining a bachelor's degree can have a positive impact on the economy. .
The 2021 Illinois Community College Board Economic Impact Study supports this report, showing that students who earn an Associate degree from Lake Land College will have significantly more income over the course of their careers, earning an average of $ 550,000 in more than a person who does not attend university.
While the Lake Land College District population is comparable to that of residents with an associate's degree, we fall far behind in the number of residents with a bachelor's degree. Only about 17.8% of residents of the Lake Land College district earned a bachelor's degree, almost 50% below the statistic for all Illinois residents at 34.7%, according to the Trend Analysis report.
Lake Land College is great value for those looking to move on for a bachelor's degree or those looking for a diploma, certificate, or associate's degree for an immediate career. And, we are fortunate in the Lake Land College District to have many businesses, educational institutions and organizations working together to develop innovative opportunities to grow our region's economy. The high level view is optimistic, but I wonder what that view might look like for a financially insecure person looking to advance in higher education. Does this person have the financial resources, adequate support and personal flexibility to progress in their studies? I look forward to continuing this important work together to help more students achieve their goals, advance our district's educational level needle, and boost our global regional economy.
Josh bullock is the president of Lake Land College


What is compatibility rules?
The compatibility rules option is available only for pricing plans. Vendors can ensure that the customer can only select compatible components of their service based on their custom rules.
a. Select the Info icon, to check the explanation tooltip which describes how rules are applied. "Firstly, you create a new rule. After that, you choose that you want to control the compatibility of two controls. For example, let it be "Region" and "Internet speed". Then UI shows each combination (like "USA" and "1 tb/sec") in a table. And you are able to choose whether it's compatible choices or not. By default all options inside of rule are incompatible. If you have several rules related to the same control, we will show only options that are available in all rules".
b.The vendor is able to set up if there is a compatibility relation between two radio controls (or dropdown controls).
c. Vendor is able to mark options as compatible or not, It is possible to mark/unmark all compatibilities in one/two clicks
d. By selecting Add new rule, a new table will be added.
e. If the same two controls as in previous rules controls will be added in the "Add new rule" option, the following error message will appear. "You already have a rule for the combination of this control".
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text:
Characteristic Studies for Cornet. (For the Cornet). By Herbert L. Clarke (_PHONE_). For cornet or trumpet. Instructional and Studies. Instructional book. Standard notation. 64 pages. Published by Carl Fischer (CF.O2281).
ISBN _PHONE_. With Standard notation. Instructional and Studies. 9x12 inches.
A work that has stood the test of time by one of the brass world's most important pedagogues, Character Studies for the Cornet should be part of any trumpet student's library. Within its pages, the student will gain valuable insight on tonguing and the 24 characteristic studies will help the student to gain absolute control of technique, articulation, slurring and endurance. This work will prove helpful and beneficial to the developing student.
November 28, 2008
Excellent book for the mature player
Clarke's fourth and final book has truly difficult characteristic studies a la Arban and Clarke's own superb cornet solos. The solos are really tough and rely a lot on reptitivc triple tongueing. If you are a serious trumpet player, you will get this book. It's tough, but rewarding.
38 of 69 people found this review helpful.


text:
The Model 933 is a unique UV-based photometric analyzer system for H2S analysis when present in concentrations below 100 ppm in natural gas and other applications. The analyzer responds quickly to changes in H2S concentration and it quickly self-recovers from extreme upset conditions.
- Extended, unattended operation for up to 6 months or longer
- Self-recovery after high concentration H2S events
- Fast response time to increasing or decreasing H2S concentrations
- Concentration measurements of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and methyl mercaptan optionally available
- No consumables, reagents, or disposables other than zero gas
This is a low maintenance, reliable H2S analyzer in that reduces the high expenses associated with frequent scheduled and unscheduled maintenance.
The Model 933 has a unique sample conditioning system that uses frontal elution chromatography to separate and eliminate interfering species. This ensures an accurate analysis of the gas via direct-UV absorption spectroscopy. Two self-regenerating columns are employed in the 933. While one column is conditioning the gas sample, the other is automatically regenerated.


C# Sharp Exercises: Display the pattern like right angle triangle which repeat a number in a row - w3resource
w3resource
C# Sharp Programming Exercises
C# Sharp Exercises: Display the pattern like right angle triangle which repeat a number in a row
C# Sharp For Loop: Exercise-11 with Solution
Write a program in C# Sharp to make such a pattern like right angle triangle with a number which will repeat a number in a row.
The pattern is as follows:
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22
333
4444
Pictorial Presentation:
C# Sharp Exercises: Display the pattern like right angle triangle which repeat a number in a row
Sample Solution:-
C# Sharp Code:
using System;
public class Exercise11
{
 public static void Main()
{
 int i,j,rows;

 Console.Write("\n\n");
 Console.Write("Display the pattern like right angle triangle which repeat a number in a row:\n");
 Console.Write("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
 Console.Write("\n\n");
 Console.Write("Input number of rows : ");
 rows= Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
 for(i=1;i<=rows;i++)
 {
 for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
 Console.Write("{0}",i);
 Console.Write("\n");
 }
}
}
Sample Output:
Display the pattern like right angle triangle which repeat a number in a row:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Input number of rows : 7
1
22
333
4444
55555
666666
_PHONE_
Flowchart:
Flowchart: Display the pattern like right angle triangle which repeat a number in a line
C# Sharp Code Editor:
Contribute your code and comments through Disqus.
Previous: Write a program in C# Sharp to display the pattern like right angle triangle with a number.
Next: Write a program in C# Sharp to make such a pattern like right angle triangle with number increased by 1.
What is the difficulty level of this exercise?
New Content: Composer: Dependency manager for PHP, R Programming


text:
(The). The six points of the People's Charter,
formulated in 1848, are: Manhood Suffrage (now practically
Vote by Ballot (established).
Abolition of Property.
Qualification for Members of Parliament (the Qualification Test is
abolished). Equal Electoral Districts.
Source: Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, E. Cobham Brewer, 1894
More on People's Charter from Infoplease:
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- People's Charter - People's Charter: People's Charter: see Chartism.
- People's Charter - People's Charter (The). The six points of the People's Charter, formulated in 1848, are:...
- Francis Place - Place, Francis Place, Francis, 1771–1854, English radical reformer. A tailor for many years,...
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text:
UNESCO's Slave Route Project inspires international seminar
Experts, scholars and authorities on black culture from different countries participate in the international seminar "Heritage, identity and culture: management of sites and places of memory related to the slave trade and slavery", in Brasília, which will last until 23 August. The opening of the seminar, inspired by UNESCO'S Slave Route Project, took place at the National Museum of the Republic, on Monday, 20 August, with the participation of two Ministers of State - Ana de Hollanda, Culture, and Luiza Bairros, the Secretariat for Policies to Promote Racial Equality – besides government secretaries, ambassadors of African countries, parliamentarians, jurists and diplomats.
During the opening ceremony, the president of Palmares Fundação Cultural, Eloi Ferreira de Araújo, launched the idea of the inscription of Cais do Valongo (Valongo Wharf), in Rio de Janeiro, in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Recently discovered, Cais Valongo was the main arrival gate for slaves in Brazil, where more than half a million Africans disembarked. Excavations of the wharf are allowing a rediscovery of Brazilian black culture and a reformulation of its origin. Over a hundred thousand artifacts have been cataloged, so far.
"Cais do Valongo was the largest port of entry of Africans in Brazil. It is a historical site, rich in memory that ought to be shared with everyone and, therefore, it should become a World Heritage Site, "said Eloi Araújo.
The Minister Luiza Bairros, the Secretariat for Policies to Promote Racial Equality, also defended the inscription of Cais Valongo in the World Heritage List of UNESCO. "The centre of Rio de Janeiro is home to concrete elements of the African contribution to the formation of Brazil, besides Cais do Valongo; anywhere with this history should be an international site," said the Minister.
The UNESCO Brasília Director, Lucien Muñoz, said that "the seminar is the concrete example of how a theme that is cultural in origin, can reach enormous size in social policies and development". Muñoz noted that the memory of the slave trade and slavery around the world can help to "educate the new generations to ethnic-racial relations based on the human respect and well-being provided by diversity".
The tourism related to the memory of slave trade and slavery was also at the seminar agenda. Ali Moussa-Iye, who is in charge of UNESCO'S Slave Route Project, delivered an intriguing lecture on the subject. Moussa stressed the need for conservation and management of historical sites worldwide that sustain any connection with slavery. According to him, "the sites provide, above all, a tribute to those who died as a result of the slave trade." Moussa recalled that hundreds of sites are forgotten and without protection. An initial mapping indicates that there are more than 800 places in the world that may be related to the history of slavery. From these, only a few are considered World Heritage sites, which provides them greater care and preservation appeal.
The Slave Route Project attempts to shed light on other sites still ignored. "The Project perceives the importance of this heritage and keeps us sensitive to the history," said Moussa, during the lecture. Moussa also noted that "UNESCO is the only UN agency to develop projects and policies for the conservation of slavery heritage sites ".
The Slave Route Project
The transatlantic slave trade is among the most extreme human rights violations in history. The length, breadth and magnitude of this enterprise of dehumanization led to its universal condemnation.
UNESCO plays an important role in fostering understanding and appreciation of history. Since the establishment of the Slave Route Project in 1994, UNESCO has endeavored to break the silence about the slave trade and slavery. The Organization assists States with additional research and enrichment of their national history and encourages the exchange of memories.
The Slave Route Project is an intersectoral and interdisciplinary project of UNESCO, which is connected to all areas of competence of the Organization. To meet this particular feature of the project, the Director-General of UNESCO, Irina Bokova, has composed a special team to deal with the activities of UNESCO concerning the study of the slave trade and its implications.
The international seminar "Heritage, identity and culture: management of sites and places of memory related to the slave trade and slavery", which aims to boost tourism at places of memory related to the slave trade and slavery, is a partnership between the Palmares Fundação Cultural and UNESCO, with the support of the Ministries of Culture, Education, Tourism and External Relations.
By the end of the seminar some partnerships, projects and agreements are expected to be signed by the representatives from the most important black culture foundations in the country and the world. Attendants participate in thematic discussions until this Thursday, 23 August.


Applied Structural Geology
Modelling structural evolution
 kinematic model
A kinematic approach
Structures - including faults and fractures, folds and shear zones - play an important role in the formation and preservation of natural resources, including oil and gas, mineral deposits and geothermal energy.
Internally consistent and geometrically valid geological framework models, combined with an understanding and quantification of how and when structures and geometries evolved with respect to the evolution of the petroleum or mineral system, are fundamental in optimising efforts and minimising risk in both exploration and resource development. More...
Providing geometrically valid and geologically sound framework models and optimising their use by incorporating the 4th dimension: Time
Why 4DGeo
Armelle Kloppenburg has over 14 years experience in delivering innovative structural geology solutions to the petroleum and mineral exploration and mining sectors, using kinematic techniques and tools that apply balancing principles and comprise algorithms that mimic rock deformation through time. She has worked in extensional, contractional, and strike-slip settings, throughout sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous and salt-rich terrains, globally. More...
Modelling fault geometry, linkage and kinematics for porphyry systems
Kloppenburg et al., 2010.
Other Publications
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text:
Aboriginal mothers in prison in Australia: a study of social, emotional and physical wellbeing
- Publication Type:
- Journal Article
- Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 2019, 43 (3), pp. 241 - 247
- Issue Date:
© 2019 The Authors Objective: To describe the social, emotional and physical wellbeing of Aboriginal mothers in prison. Methods: Cross-sectional survey, including a Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (5-item version) administered to Aboriginal women who self-identified as mothers. Results: Seventy-seven Aboriginal mothers in New South Wales (NSW) and 84 in Western Australia (WA) participated in the study. Eighty-three per cent (n=59) of mothers in NSW were in prison for drug-related offences, 64.8% (n=46) of mothers in WA were in prison for offences committed under the influence of alcohol. Sixty-eight per cent (n=52) of mothers in NSW and 35% (n=28) of mothers in WA reported mental health problems. Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) component scores of SF-12 varied for mothers in NSW and WA. Mothers in NSW experienced poorer health and functioning than mothers in WA (NSW: PCS 49.5, MCS 40.6; WA: PCS 54.4, MCS 48.3) and high levels of psychological distress (NSW: 13.1; WA 10.1). Conclusions: Aboriginal mothers in prison have significant health needs associated with physical and mental health, and psychological distress. Implications for public health: Adoption of social and emotional wellbeing as an explanatory framework for culturally secure healthcare in prison is essential to improving health outcomes of Aboriginal mothers in prison in Australia.
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:


text:
Komatsu to exhibit 20
Komatsu will exhibit a 20-ton-class electric hydraulic excavator equipped with a lithium-ion battery system for the first time at bauma2022. The machine is powered by a 451 kWh lithium-ion battery system from US-based Proterra. Since January 2021, the two companies have been jointly developing electric medium-sized hydraulic excavators, and have been conducting PoC (Proof of Concept) tests on advance research machines at customers' construction sites.
20-ton class electric hydraulic excavator
The machine is scheduled to be introduced to the Japanese and European markets in FY2023.
Hydraulic excavators are the most versatile type of construction equipment, and the mid-size class, in particular, is used in a wide range of jobsites and applications, mainly in earth excavation and loading operations, requiring power and durability to withstand heavy-load work.
This model optimizes the entire body control system by capitalizing on Komatsu's proprietary coordinating technology. It specifically integrates Proterra's lithium-ion battery technology which has a proven track record for use in heavy-duty and commercial vehicles deployed in various fields around the world, with Komatsu's components, such as the hydraulic pump, controller, and electric motor for work equipment operation.
In addition, Komatsu has developed a robust cage structure to provide additional protection onboard the vehicle for its battery packs. As a result, Komatsu has achieved digging performance and durability equivalent to those of engine-driven hydraulic excavators. The high energy onboard the excavator's Proterra Powered battery system enables operation for up to 8 hours when fully charged.
The electric power makes it possible to work comfortably in various work environments without worrying about noise and exhaust emissions, and is expected to be used for work in urban areas and nighttime construction work, etc. The zero engine vibration will also help reduce operator fatigue.
Posted on 20 October 2022 in Electric (Battery), Heavy-duty, Market Background, Off-road | Permalink | Comments (1)


Tuareg (Tamasheq, Tamajaq, Tamahaq)
Tuareg is a Berber language or a number of closely-related languages spoken in parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya and Burkina Faso by the Tuareg people, and by some Kinnin people in Chad. The total number of speakers is about 1.2 million.
Tuareg is traditionally written with the Tifinagh alphabet, which is now mainly used to write magical formulae, writing on palms when silence is required, and for letter-writing. The Arabic alphabet is also used in some areas, and has been since the Middle Ages, and different versions of the Latin alphabet are used in Mali and Niger.
Tuareg alphabets and pronunciation
Tamasheq alphabet
This is the official alphabet for Tamasheq in Mali. It was adopted in 1967 and modified in 1982.
Tamasheq alphabet as used in Mali
Tamajaq alphabet
This is the official alphabet for Tamajaq in Niger and it was adopted in 1999.
Tamajaq alphabet as used in Niger
Sample text in Tamasheq
Mdan ddunt tiwen llullin, ulan s lhəq. Ǧrawən tayətte d man full ed nmərtayən s taññət.
Tamasheq sample text in the Neo-Tifinagh alphabet
Sample text in Tamasheq in the Neo-Tifinagh alphabet
Source: _URL_
Tower of Babel in Tamasheq
Information about Tuareg languages and people
Berber languages
Ancient Berber, Guanche, Kabyle, Tamazight, Tuareg
Other languages written with the Latin alphabet
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FileType Field
FileType Field
The FileType represents a file input in your form.
Rendered as input file field
Options
Overridden options
Inherited options
Parent type FormType
Class FileType
Basic Usage
Say you have this form definition:
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\FileType;
// ...
$builder->add('attachment', FileType::class);
When the form is submitted, the attachment field will be an instance of UploadedFile. It can be used to move the attachment file to a permanent location:
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use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\File\UploadedFile;
public function uploadAction()
{
 // ...
 if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
 $someNewFilename = ...
 $file = $form['attachment']->getData();
 $file->move($directory, $someNewFilename);
 // ...
 }
 // ...
}
The move() method takes a directory and a file name as its arguments. You might calculate the filename in one of the following ways:
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// use the original file name
$file->move($directory, $file->getClientOriginalName());
// compute a random name and try to guess the extension (more secure)
$extension = $file->guessExtension();
if (!$extension) {
 // extension cannot be guessed
 $extension = 'bin';
}
$file->move($directory, rand(1, 99999).'.'.$extension);
Using the original name via getClientOriginalName() is not safe as it could have been manipulated by the end-user. Moreover, it can contain characters that are not allowed in file names. You should sanitize the name before using it directly.
Read How to Upload Files for an example of how to manage a file upload associated with a Doctrine entity.
Field Options
multiple
type: Boolean default: false
When set to true, the user will be able to upload multiple files at the same time.
Overridden Options
compound
type: boolean default: false
This option specifies whether the type contains child types or not. This option is managed internally for built-in types, so there is no need to configure it explicitly.
data_class
type: string default: File
This option sets the appropriate file-related data mapper to be used by the type.
empty_data
type: mixed default: null
This option determines what value the field will return when the submitted value is empty.
Inherited Options
These options inherit from the FormType:
disabled
type: boolean default: false
If you don't want a user to modify the value of a field, you can set the disabled option to true. Any submitted value will be ignored.
error_bubbling
type: boolean default: false unless the form is compound
If true, any errors for this field will be passed to the parent field or form. For example, if set to true on a normal field, any errors for that field will be attached to the main form, not to the specific field.
error_mapping
type: array default: []
This option allows you to modify the target of a validation error.
Imagine you have a custom method named matchingCityAndZipCode() that validates whether the city and zip code match. Unfortunately, there is no "matchingCityAndZipCode" field in your form, so all that Symfony can do is display the error on top of the form.
With customized error mapping, you can do better: map the error to the city field so that it displays above it:
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public function configureOptions(OptionsResolver $resolver)
{
 $resolver->setDefaults([
 'error_mapping' => [
 'matchingCityAndZipCode' => 'city',
 ],
 ]);
}
Here are the rules for the left and the right side of the mapping:
 - The left side contains property paths;
 - If the violation is generated on a property or method of a class, its path is the propertyName;
 - If the violation is generated on an entry of an array or ArrayAccess object, the property path is [indexName];
 - You can construct nested property paths by concatenating them, separating properties by dots. For example: addresses[work].matchingCityAndZipCode;
 - The right side contains the names of fields in the form.
By default, errors for any property that is not mapped will bubble up to the parent form. You can use the dot (.) on the left side to map errors of all unmapped properties to a particular field. For instance, to map all these errors to the city field, use:
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$resolver->setDefaults([
 'error_mapping' => [
 '.' => 'city',
 ],
]);
label
type: string default: The label is "guessed" from the field name
Sets the label that will be used when rendering the field. Setting to false will suppress the label. The label can also be directly set inside the template:
 - Twig
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 {{ form_label(form.name, 'Your name') }}

 - PHP
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 echo $view['form']->label(
 $form['name'],
 'Your name'
 );

label_attr
type: array default: []
Sets the HTML attributes for the <label> element, which will be used when rendering the label for the field. It's an associative array with HTML attribute as a key. This attributes can also be directly set inside the template:
 - Twig
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 {{ form_label(form.name, 'Your name', {
 'label_attr': {'class': 'CUSTOM_LABEL_CLASS'}
 }) }}

 - PHP
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 echo $view['form']->label(
 $form['name'],
 'Your name',
 ['label_attr' => ['class' => 'CUSTOM_LABEL_CLASS']]
 );

label_format
type: string default: null
Configures the string used as the label of the field, in case the label option was not set. This is useful when using keyword translation messages.
If you're using keyword translation messages as labels, you often end up having multiple keyword messages for the same label (e.g. profile_address_street, invoice_address_street). This is because the label is build for each "path" to a field. To avoid duplicated keyword messages, you can configure the label format to a static value, like:
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// ...
$profileFormBuilder->add('address', AddressType::class, [
 'label_format' => 'form.address.%name%',
]);
$invoiceFormBuilder->add('invoice', AddressType::class, [
 'label_format' => 'form.address.%name%',
]);
This option is inherited by the child types. With the code above, the label of the street field of both forms will use the form.address.street keyword message.
Two variables are available in the label format:
%id%
A unique identifier for the field, consisting of the complete path to the field and the field name (e.g. profile_address_street);
%name%
The field name (e.g. street).
The default value (null) results in a "humanized" version of the field name.
Note
The label_format option is evaluated in the form theme. Make sure to update your templates in case you customized form theming.
mapped
type: boolean default: true
If you wish the field to be ignored when reading or writing to the object, you can set the mapped option to false.
required
type: boolean default: true
If true, an HTML5 required attribute will be rendered. The corresponding label will also render with a required class.
This is superficial and independent of validation. At best, if you let Symfony guess your field type, then the value of this option will be guessed from your validation information.
Note
The required option also affects how empty data for each field is handled. For more details, see the empty_data option.
Form Variables
Variable Type Usage
type string The type variable is set to file, in order to render as a file input field.
This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.


text:
UMass Extension's Garden Calendar
A renewal of a long-standing annual tradition… a useful, stimulating, and educational monthly wall calendar from UMass Extension.
Our Extension Specialists have compiled the latest collection of uplifting images of garden and landscape plants well-suited for the Northeast. Each date features a timely, research-based tip such as when to fertilize, insect and disease alerts, or when to be especially tick-aware.
FEATURED ARTICLE: Achieving Success Installing Container Grown Plants
Purchasing plants for the landscape can be a considerable investment in both time and money. Selecting the right plant for the right place is the first step in making the most of this investment. This means selecting the best-suited plant material for your location according to light exposure, water availability, hardiness zone, soil conditions, and environmental exposure. The next step, and just as important to success, is following proper planting procedure.
Our 2024 calendar includes guidelines for preparing the planting hole, avoiding problems with circling roots, amending the soil before planting, and shares the results of a two-year UMass study looking at plant establishment success using different root preparation methods at planting.
About the Calendar
Each month of UMass Extension's Garden Calendar features:
- One large, inspiring garden image plus information about the image
- Daily gardening tips for Northeast growing conditions
- Daily sunrise and sunset times*
- Phases of the moon
- Plenty of room for notes
- Low gloss paper for easy writing
The UMass Garden calendar is a wall calendar. The dimensions of the calendar when open are 12.5" wide x 19" long.
* Sunrise and sunset times may differ from location to location within New England because of slight differences in latitude and longitude. Times used in this calendar are for Worcester, Mass. Moon phases, solstices, and equinoxes are in Eastern Standard Time.
Do you have a question on a home garden topic?
Proceeds from sales of our UMass Garden Calendar helps to support the ongoing work of horticultural Extension at the University of Massachusetts.