over the wound a bit of cloth wherein a hole has been burned, supposing that the carbon will heal the cut, and make it fast to the babe by a "binder" or swathe round the body, as a preventative to "pot-belly." But throughout the East there are more observances. In India, on the birth of the babe, the midwife demands something shining, as a rupee or piece of silver, and having touched the navel-string therewith she divides it and appropriates the glittering substance, under the pretence that the absence of the illuminating power of some such sparkling object would prevent her seeing to operate. The knife with which the umbilical cord has been cut is not used for common purposes but is left beside the puerpera until the "Chilla" (fortieth day), when "Kajjal" (lamp-black), used by way of Kohl, is collected on it and applied to the child's eyelids. Whenever the babe is bathed or taken out of the house the knife must be carried along with it; and when they are brought in again the instrument is deposited in its former place near the mother. Lastly, on the "Chilla"-day they must slaughter with the same blade a cock or a sheep (Herklots, chapt. i. sec.
 3). Equally quaint is the treatment of the navel-string in Egypt; but Lane (M.E.) is too modest to give details.]

 550 (return) [ In text "Sarsarah," a clerical error for "Akhaza(?) surratan." See MS. vol. vi. p. 197, line 9.
 (I read "sarra Surrah (Surratan)" = he tied up a purse.—ST.)]

 551 (return) [ In the text "on account of the dust-cloud" which, we were just told, had cleared away [(The translator seems to have overlooked the "kána" before "kad dákhala-hu al-Ra'b," which gives to the verb the force of a pluperfect: "and fear had entered into him at the sight of the dust-cloud."—ST.)]

 552 (return) [ i.e. his daughter, of whom he afterwards speaks in the plur.]

 553 (return) [ These concealments are inevitable in ancient tale and modern novel, and it need hardly be said that upon the nice conduct of them depends all the interest of the work.
 How careful the second-rate author is to spoil his plot by giving a needless "pregustation" of his purpose, I need hardly say.]

 554 (return) [ The mysteries of the marriage-night are touched with a light hand because the bride had already lost her virginity.]

 555 (return) [ In text "Abúyah," a Fellah vulgarism for Abí which latter form occurs a few lines lower down.]

 556 (return) [ In text "Wa-Sawábi 'hu (Asábi 'a-hu?) fí hanaki-h:" this is explained in MS. p. 216: "Bi-yarza'u fí Asábí hi." (Dozy, Suppl. i. 815, gives "Sawábi'" as an irregular pl. of "Asba'" quoting from Bresl. ed. iii. 381, 9. I would rather say it is a regularly formed broken plural of a singular "Sábi'" = the pointing one, i.e. index, now commonly called "Sabbábah" the reviler, where the same idea of pointing at with contempt seems to prevail, and "Sháhid" = the witnessing, because it is raised in giving testimony. In the plural it would be naturally generalised to "finger," and in point of fact, the sing. "Sábi'" is used nowadays in this sense in Egypt along with the other popular form of "Subá'."{—ST.})]

 557 (return) [ I write "Cafilah" and not "Cafila" with the unjustifiable suppression of the final "h" which is always made sensible in the pure pronunciation of the Badawi. The malpractice has found favour chiefly through the advocacy of Dr. Redhouse, an eminent Turkish scholar whose judgments must be received with great caution; and I would quote on this subject the admirable remarks of my late lamented friend Dr. G. P. Badger in "The Academy" of July 2, 1887.
 "Another noticeable default in the same category is that, like Sale, Mr.
 Wherry frequently omits the terminal 'h' in his transliteration of Arabic.
 Thus he writes Sura, Amína, Fátima, Madína, Taháma; yet, inconsistently enough, he gives the 'h' in Allah, Khadijah, Kaabah, Makkah, and many other words. This point deserves special notice, owing to Dr. Redhouse's letter, published in 'The Academy' of November 22 last, in which he denounces (as 'a very common European error') the addition of the 'h' or 'final aspirate,' in the English transliteration of many Arabic words.
 Hence, as I read the eminent Orientalist's criticism, when that aspirate is not sounded in pronunciation he omits it, writing "Fatima," not Fatimah, lest, as I presume, the unwary reader may aspirate the 'h.' But in our Bibles we find such names as Sarah, Hannah, Judah, Beulah, Moriah, Jehovah, in the enunciation of which no one thinks of sounding the last letter as an aspirate. I quite agree with Dr. Redhouse that in the construct case the final h assumes the sound of t, as in Fatimatu bint-Muhammed; yet that does not strike me as a valid reason for eliding the final h, which among other uses, is indicative of the feminine gender, as in Fâtimah, Khadîjah, Amînah, etc.; also of the nomina vicis, of many abstract nouns, nouns of multitude and of quality, as well as of adjectives of intensiveness, all which important indications would be lost by dropping the final h. And further unless the vowel a, left after the elision of that letter, be furnished with some etymological mark of distinction, there would be great risk of its being confounded with the â, formative of the singular of many verbal nouns, such as binâ, safâ, jalâ; with the masculine plurals ending in the same letters, such as hukamâ, ághniyâ, kúfarâ; and with the feminine plurals of many adjectives, such as kúbra, súghra, húsna, etc. Dr. Redhouse says that'many eminent Arabists avoid such errors'--a remark which rather surprises me, since Pocock, Lane and Palmer, and Fresnel and Perron among French Orientalists, as also Burton, all retain the final aspirate h, the latter taking special care to distinguish, by some adequate, diacritical sign, those substantive and adjective forms with which words ending in the final aspirate h might otherwise be confounded."]

 558 (return) [ In the text, "Wa sába'l-dár wa Zaujatu-hu mutawassíyín bi-há." (I cannot explain to myself the plural "Mutawassín" unless by supposing that the preceding "Sáb al-Dár" is another blunder of the scribe for "Sáhibu 'l-Dár" when the meaning would be: "and the master of the house and his wife took charge of her (the nurse) during the days of suckling." —ST.)]

 559 (return) [ In text "Sárú yaráshú-hu wa yatawassu."]

 560 (return) [ (In the text "Fikí" the popular form of the present day "Fikíh," properly "learned


{ Hal'le*lu"iah Hal'le*lu"jah } (hl'l*l"y), n. & interj. [Heb.
 See Alleluia.] Praise ye Jehovah; praise ye the Lord; -- an exclamation used chiefly in songs of praise or thanksgiving to God, and as an expression of gratitude or adoration. Rev. xix. 1 (Rev. Ver.)
 So sung they, and the empyrean rung With Hallelujahs.

Milton.
 In those days, as St. Jerome tells us,"any one as he walked in the fields, might hear the plowman at his hallelujahs."

Sharp.
 Hal'le*lu*jat"ic (-l*yt"k), a. Pertaining to, or containing, hallelujahs. [R.]

 Hal"liard (hl"yrd), n. See Halyard.

 Hal"li*dome (hl"l*dm), n. Same as Halidom.

 Hal"li*er (hl"l*r or hl"yr), n. [From Hale to pull.] A kind of net for catching birds.

 Hall"-mark' (hl"märk'), n. The official stamp of the Goldsmiths' Company and other assay offices, in the United Kingdom, on gold and silver articles, attesting their purity. Also used figuratively; -- as, a word or phrase lacks the hall-mark of the best writers.

 Hal*loa" (hl*l"). See Halloo.

 Hal*loo" (hl*l"), n. [Perh. fr. ah + lo; cf. AS. eal, G. halloh, F. haler to set (a dog) on. Cf. Hollo, interj.]
 A loud exclamation; a call to invite attention or to incite a person or an animal; a shout.

 List! List! I hear Some far off halloo break the silent air.

Milton.
 Hal*loo", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hallooed (-ld"); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Hallooing.] To cry out; to exclaim with a loud voice; to call to a person, as by the word halloo.

 Country folks hallooed and hooted after me.

Sir P. Sidney.
 Hal*loo", v. t. 1. To encourage with shouts.

 Old John hallooes his hounds again.

Prior.
2. To chase with shouts or outcries.

 If I fly... Halloo me like a hare.

Shak.
3. To call or shout to; to hail. Shak.
 Hal*loo", interj. [OE. halow. See Halloo, n.] An exclamation to call attention or to encourage one.

 Hal"low (hl"l), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hallowed(-ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Hallowing.] [OE. halowen, halwien, halgien, AS. hlgian, fr. hlig holy. See Holy.] To make holy; to set apart for holy or religious use; to consecrate; to treat or keep as sacred; to reverence. "Hallowed be thy name." Matt. vi. 9.
Hallow the Sabbath day, to do no work therein.

Jer. xvii. 24.
 His secret altar touched with hallowed fire.

Milton.
 In a larger sense... we can not hallow this ground [Gettysburg].

A. Lincoln.
 Hal'low*een" (hl'l*n"), n. The evening preceding Allhallows or All Saints' Day. [Scot.] Burns.
 Hal"low*mas (hl"l*ms), n. [See Mass the eucharist.] The feast of All Saints, or Allhallows.

 To speak puling, like a beggar at Hallowmas.

Shak.
 Hal*loy"site (hl*loi"st), n. [Named after Omalius d'Halloy.]
 (Min.) A claylike mineral, occurring in soft, smooth, amorphous masses, of a whitish color.

 Hal"lu*cal (hl"l*kal), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the hallux.

 Hal*lu"ci*nate (hl*l"s*nt), v. i. [L. hallucinatus, alucinatus, p. p. of hallucinari, alucinari, to wander in mind, talk idly, dream.] To wander; to go astray; to err; to blunder; -- used of mental processes. [R.] Byron.
 Hal*lu'ci*na"tion (-n"shn), n. [L. hallucinatio: cf. F. hallucination.]
 1. The act of hallucinating; a wandering of the mind; error; mistake; a blunder.

 This must have been the hallucination of the transcriber.

Addison.
 2. (Med.) The perception of objects which have no reality, or of sensations which have no corresponding external cause, arising from disorder of the nervous system, as in delirium tremens; delusion.

Hallucinations are always evidence of cerebral derangement and are common phenomena of insanity.

W. A. Hammond.
 Hal*lu"ci*na'tor (hl*l"s*n'tr), n. [L.] One whose judgment and acts are affected by hallucinations; one who errs on account of his hallucinations. N. Brit. Rev.
 Hal*lu"ci*na*to*ry (-n*t*r), a. Partaking of, or tending to produce, hallucination.

 ||Hal"lux (hl"lks), n. [NL., fr. L. hallex, allex.]
 (Anat.) The first, or preaxial, digit of the hind limb, corresponding to the pollux in the fore limb; the great toe; the hind toe of birds.

 Halm (hm), n. (Bot.) Same as Haulm.

 ||Hal"ma (hl"m), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "a'lma, fr. "a'llesqai to leap.]
 (Greek Antiq.) The long jump, with weights in the hands, -- the most important of the exercises of the Pentathlon.

 Ha"lo (h"l), n.; pl. Halos (-lz). [L. halos, acc. halo, Gr. "a'lws a thrashing floor, also (from its round shape) the disk of the sun or moon, and later a halo round it; cf. Gr.
 e'ily'ein to enfold, 'ely'ein to roll round, L. volvere, and E. voluble.]
 1. A luminous circle, usually prismatically colored, round the sun or moon, and supposed to be caused by the refraction of light through crystals of ice in the atmosphere. Connected with halos there are often white bands, crosses, or arches, resulting from the same atmospheric conditions.

2. A circle of light; especially, the bright ring represented in painting as surrounding the heads of saints and other holy persons; a glory; a nimbus.

3. An ideal glory investing, or affecting one's perception of, an object.

4. A colored circle around a nipple; an areola.

 Ha"lo, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Haloed (-ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Haloing.] To form, or surround with, a halo; to encircle with, or as with, a halo.

 The fire That haloed round his saintly brow.

Southey.
 Ha"loed (h"ld), a. Surrounded with a halo; invested with an ideal glory; glorified.

 Some haloed face bending over me.

C. Bronté.
 Hal"o*gen (hl


Transcribed from the 1907 William Heinemann edition by David Price, email _EMAIL_ The Plays of W. E. Henley and R. L. Stevenson Deacon Brodie Beau Austin Admiral Guinea Robert Macaire Decorative graphic London William Heinemann 1907 Copyright All rights reserved CONTENTS PAGE DEACON BRODIE 1 BEAU AUSTIN 111 ADMIRAL GUINEA 177 ROBERT MACAIRE 251 p. 1DEACON BRODIE OR THE DOUBLE LIFE A MELODRAMA IN FIVE ACTS AND EIGHT TABLEAUX PERSONS REPRESENTED William Brodie, Deacon of the Wrights, Housebreaker and Master Carpenter.
Old Brodie, the Deacon's Father.
William Lawson, Procurator-Fiscal, the Deacon's Uncle.
Andrew Ainslie, Humphrey Moore, George Smith, Robbers in the Deacon's gang.
Captain Rivers, an English Highwayman.
Hunt, a Bow Street Runner.
A Doctor.
Walter Leslie.
Mary Brodie, the Deacon's Sister.
Jean Watt, the Deacon's Mistress.
Vagabonds, Officers of the Watch, Men-servants.
The Scene is laid in Edinburgh. The Time is towards the close of the Eighteenth Century. The Action, some fifty hours long, begins at eight p.m. on Saturday and ends before midnight on Monday.
Note.—Passages suggested for omission in representation are enclosed in square brackets, thus [ ].
SYNOPSIS OF ACTS AND TABLEAUX ACT I. TABLEAU I. The Double Life.
TABLEAU II.
Hunt the Runner.
TABLEAU III.
Mother Clarke's.
ACT II.
TABLEAU IV.
Evil and Good.
ACT III.
TABLEAU V. King's Evidence.
TABLEAU VI.
Unmasked.
ACT IV.
TABLEAU VII.
The Robbery.
ACT V. TABLEAU VIII.
The Open Door.
LONDON: PRINCE'S THEATRE 2d July 1884 Deacon Brodie, Mr. E. J. Henley.
Walter Leslie, Mr. Charles Cartwright.
William Lawson, Mr. John Maclean.
Andrew Ainslie, Mr. Fred Desmond.
Humphrey Moore, Mr. Edmund Grace.
George Smith, Mr. Julian Cross.
Hunt, Mr. Hubert Akhurst.
Old Brodie, Mr. A. Knight.
Captain Rivers, Mr. Brandon Thomas.
Mary Brodie, Miss Lizzie Williams.
Jean Watt, Miss Minnie Bell.
MONTREAL 26th September 1887 Deacon Brodie, Mr. E. J. Henley.
Walter Leslie, Mr. Graham Stewart.
William Lawson, Mr. Edmund Lyons.
Andrew Ainslie, Mr. Fred Desmond.
Humphrey Moore, Mr. Edmund Grace.
George smith, Mr. Horatio Saker.
Hunt, Mr. Henry Vernon.
Captain Rivers, Mr. Bruce Philips.
Mary Brodie, Miss Annie Robe.
Jean Watt, Miss Carrie Coote.
ACT I. TABLEAU I. The Double Life.
The Stage represents a room in the Deacon's house, furnished partly as a sitting-, partly as a bed-room, in the style of an easy burgess of about 1780. C., a door; L. C., a second and smaller door; R. C., practicable window; L., alcove, supposed to contain bed; at the back, a clothes-press and a corner cupboard containing bottles, etc. Mary Brodie at needlework; Old Brodie, a paralytic, in wheeled chair, at the fireside, L. SCENE I To these Leslie, C. Leslie. May I come in, Mary?
Mary. Why not?
Leslie. I scarce knew where to find you.
Mary. The dad and I must have a corner, must we not? So when my brother's friends are in the parlour he allows us to sit in his room.
'Tis a great favour, I can tell you; the place is sacred.
Leslie. Are you sure that 'sacred' is strong enough?
Mary. You are satirical!
Leslie. I? And with regard to the Deacon? Believe me, I am not so ill-advised. You have trained me well, and I feel by him as solemnly as a true-born Brodie.
Mary. And now you are impertinent! Do you mean to go any further? We are a fighting race, we Brodies. Oh, you may laugh, sir!
But 'tis no child's play to jest us on our Deacon, or, for that matter, on our Deacon's chamber either.
It was his father's before him: he works in it by day and sleeps in it by night; and scarce anything it contains but is the labour of his hands. Do you see this table, Walter?
He made it while he was yet a 'prentice. I remember how I used to sit and watch him at his work. It would be grand, I thought, to be able to do as he did, and handle edge-tools without cutting my fingers, and getting my ears pulled for a meddlesome minx! He used to give me his mallet to keep and his nails to hold; and didn't I fly when he called for them! and wasn't I proud to be ordered about with them! And then, you know, there is the tall cabinet yonder; that it was that proved him the first of Edinburgh joiners, and worthy to be their Deacon and their head. And the father's chair, and the sister's workbox, and the dear dead mother's footstool—what are they all but proofs of the Deacon's skill, and tokens of the Deacon's care for those about him?
Leslie. I am all penitence. Forgive me this last time, and I promise you I never will again.
Mary. Candidly, now, do you think you deserve forgiveness?
Leslie. Candidly, I do not.
Mary. Then I suppose you must have it. What have you done with Willie and my uncle?
Leslie. I left them talking deeply. The dear old Procurator has not much thought just now for anything but those mysterious burglaries— Mary. I know!— Leslie. Still, all of him that is not magistrate and official is politician and citizen; and he has been striving his hardest to undermine the Deacon's principles, and win the Deacon's vote and interest.
Mary. They are worth having, are they not?
Leslie. The Procurator seems to think that having them makes the difference between winning and losing.
Mary. Did he say so?
You may rely upon it that he knows. There are not many in Edinburgh who can match with our Will.
Leslie. There shall be as many as you please, and not one more.
Mary. How I should like to have heard you! What did uncle say? Did he speak of the Town Council again? Did he tell Will what a wonderful Bailie he would make? O why did you come away?
Leslie. I could not pretend to listen any longer. The election is months off yet; and if it were not—if it were tramping upstairs this moment—drums, flags, cockades, guineas, candidates, and all!—how should I care for it? What are Whig and Tory to me?
Mary. O fie on you! It is for every man to concern himself in the common weal. Mr.
Leslie—Leslie of the Craig!—should know that much at least.
Leslie. And be a politician like the Deacon? All in good time, but not now. I hearkened while I could, and when I could no more I slipped out and followed my heart. I hoped I should be welcome.
Mary. I suppose you mean to be unkind.
Leslie. Tit for tat.
Did you not ask me why I came away? And is it usual for a young lady to say 'Mr.' to the


'ble (?). [So called from the image of St. George on it.]
 A gold noble of the time of Henry VIII. See Noble, n. Geor"gi*an (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to Georgia, in Asia, or to Georgia, one of the United States.

2. Of or relating to the reigns of the four Georges, kings of Great Britan; as, the Georgian era.

 Geor"gi*an, n. A native of, or dweller in, Georgia.

 Geor"gic (-jk), n. [L. georgicum (sc. carmen), and georgica, pl., Gr. bi'blion gewrgiko'n, and ta~ gewrgika': cf. F. géorgiques, pl. See Georgic, a.] A rural poem; a poetical composition on husbandry, containing rules for cultivating lands, etc.; as, the Georgics of Virgil.

 { Geor"gic (jôr"jk), Geor"gic*al (-j*kal), } a. [L. georgicus, Gr. gewrgiko's, fr. gewrgi'a tillage, agriculture: cf. F. géorgique.
 See George.] Relating to agriculture and rural affairs.

 ||Geor"gi*um Si'dus (?). [NL., the star of George (III. of England).] (Astron.) The planet Uranus, so named by its discoverer, Sir W. Herschel.

 Ge*os"co*py (?), n. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, the earth + -scopy: cf.
 F. géoscopie.] Knowledge of the earth, ground, or soil, obtained by inspection. Chambers.
 Ge'o*se*len"ic (?), a. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, the earth + &?; moon.]
 Pertaining to the earth and moon; belonging to the joint action or mutual relations of the earth and moon; as, geoselenic phenomena.

 Ge'o*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, earth + E. static.] (Civil Engin.) Relating to the pressure exerted by earth or similar substance.

Geostatic arch, an arch having a form adapted to sustain pressure similar to that exerted by earth. Rankine.
 Ge'o*syn*cli"nal (?), n. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, the earth + E. synclinal.]
 (Geol.) the downward bend or subsidence of the earth's crust, which allows of the gradual accumulation of sediment, and hence forms the first step in the making of a mountain range; -- opposed to geanticlinal.

 Ge'o*ther*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, the earth + E. thermometer.]
 (Physics) A thermometer specially constructed for measuring temperetures at a depth below the surface of the ground.

 Ge*ot"ic (?) a. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, the earth.] Belonging to earth; terrestrial. [Obs.] Bailey.
 Ge'o*trop"ic (?), a. [See Geotropism.] (Biol.) Relating to, or showing, geotropism.

 Ge*ot"ro*pism (?), n. [Gr. ge'a, gh^, the earth + &?; to turn.]
 (Biol.) A disposition to turn or incline towards the earth; the influence of gravity in determining the direction of growth of an organ.

 In plants, organs which grow towards the center of the earth are said to be positively geotropic, and those growing in the opposite direction negatively geotropic. In animals, geotropism is supposed by some to have an influence either direct or indirect on the plane of division of the ovum.

 ||Ge*phyr"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a dam, a bridge.]
 (Zoöl.) An order of marine Annelida, in which the body is imperfectly, or not at all, annulated externally, and is mostly without setæ.

 Ge*phyr"e*an (?), a. (Zoöl.) Belonging to the Gephyrea.
 -- n. One of the Gerphyrea.

 Ge*phyr"e*oid (?), a. & n. [Gephyrea + -oid.]
 Gephyrean.

 Ge*pound" (?), n. See Gipoun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 ||Ge"rah (?), n. [Heb. g&?;rah, lit., a bean.] (Jewish Antiq.) A small coin and weight; 1-20th of a shekel.

 The silver gerah is supposed to have been worth about three cents; the gold about fifty-four cents; the weight equivalent to about thirteen grains.

 Ge*ra'ni*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of pants (Geraniaceæ) which includes the genera Geranium, Pelargonium, and many others.

 { Ge*ra"ni*ine (?), Ger"a*nine (?), } n. [See Geranium.]

1. (Med.) A valuable astringent obtained from the root of the Geranium maculatum or crane's- bill.

2. (Chem.) A liquid terpene, obtained from the crane's-bill (Geranium maculatum), and having a peculiar mulberry odor. [Written also geraniin.]

 Ge*ra"ni*um (j*r"n*m), n. [L., fr. Gr. gera'nion, from ge'ranos crane: cf. F. géranium. See Crane, n.]

1. (Bot.) A genus of plants having a beaklike torus or receptacle, around which the seed capsules are arranged, and membranous projections, or stipules, at the joints. Most of the species have showy flowers and a pungent odor. Called sometimes crane's-bill.

2. (Floriculture) A cultivated pelargonium.

 Many plants referred to the genus Geranium by the earlier botanists are now separated from it under the name of Pelargonium, which includes all the commonly cultivated "geraniums", mostly natives of South Africa.

 Ge"rant (?), n. [F. gérant.] The manager or acting partner of a company, joint-stock association, etc.

 Gerbe (?), n. [F., prop. a sheaf.] (Pyrotechny) A kind of ornamental firework. Farrow.
 { Ger"bil (jr"bl), ||Ger'bille" (zhr'bl"), } n. [F. gerbille.
 Cf. Jerboa.] (Zoöl.) One of several species of small, jumping, murine rodents, of the genus Gerbillus. In their leaping powers they resemble the jerboa. They inhabit Africa, India, and Southern Europe.

 Ger*bo"a (?), n. (Zoöl.) The jerboa.

 Gere (?), n. Gear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Ge"rent (?), a. [L. gerens, p. pr. of gerere to bear, manage.] Bearing; carrying. [Obs.] Bailey.
 Ger"fal'con (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Gyrfalcon.

 Ger"ful (?), a. [Cf. OF. girer to twirl, E. gyrate.]
 Changeable; capricious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Ger"land (?), Ger"lond, n. A garland. [Obs.]

 Ger"lind (?), n. (Zoöl.) A salmon returning from the sea the second time. [Prov. Eng.]

 Germ (?), n. [F. germe, fr. L. germen, germinis, sprout, but, germ. Cf. Germen, Germane.] 1. (Biol.) That which is to develop a new individual


intriguer.

Jesuits' bark, Peruvian bark, or the bark of certain species of Cinchona; -- so called because its medicinal properties were first made known in Europe by Jesuit missionaries to South America. -- Jesuits' drops.
 See Friar's balsam, under Friar. -- Jesuits' nut, the European water chestnut. -- Jesuits' powder, powdered cinchona bark. -- Jesuits' tea, a Chilian leguminous shrub, used as a tea and medicinally.

 Jes"u*it*ed, a. Conforming to the principles of the Jesuits. Milton.
 Jes"u*it*ess, n. [Cf. F. Jésuitesse.] (R. C.
 Hist.) One of an order of nuns established on the principles of the Jesuits, but suppressed by Pope Urban in 1633.

 { Jes'u*it"ic (?), Jes'u*it"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. jésuitique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the Jesuits, or to their principles and methods.

2. Designing; cunning; deceitful; crafty; -- an opprobrious use of the word. Dryden.
 Jes'u*it"ic*al*ly, adv. In a jesuitical manner.

 Jes"u*it*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. jésuitisme.]

1. The principles and practices of the Jesuits.

2. Cunning; deceit; deceptive practices to effect a purpose; subtle argument; -- an opprobrious use of the word.

 Jes'u*it*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Jesuit + -cracy, as in aristocracy.]
 Government by Jesuits; also, the whole body of Jesuits in a country. [R.]
 C. Kingsley.
 Jes"u*it*ry (?), n. Jesuitism; subtle argument. [R.] Carlyle.
 Je"sus (j"zs), n. [L. Jesus, Gr. &?;, from Heb. Ysha'; Yh Jehovah + hsha' to help.] The Savior; the name of the Son of God as announced by the angel to his parents; the personal name of Our Lord, in distinction from Christ, his official appellation. Luke i. 31.
 Thou shalt call his name Jesus; for he shall save his people from their sins.

Matt. i. 21.
 The form Jesu is often used, esp. in the vocative.

Jesu, do thou my soul receive.

Keble.
The Society of Jesus. See Jesuit.

 Jet (?), n. Same as 2d Get. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Jet, n. [OF. jet, jayet, F. jaïet, jais, L. gagates, fr. Gr. &?;; -- so called from &?; or &?;, a town and river in Lycia.] [written also jeat, jayet.] (Min.)
 A variety of lignite, of a very compact texture and velvet black color, susceptible of a good polish, and often wrought into mourning jewelry, toys, buttons, etc. Formerly called also black amber.

Jet ant (Zoöl.), a blackish European ant (Formica fuliginosa), which builds its nest of a paperlike material in the trunks of trees.

 Jet, n. [F. jet, OF. get, giet, L. jactus a throwing, a throw, fr. jacere to throw. Cf. Abject, Ejaculate, Gist, Jess, Jut.]

1. A shooting forth; a spouting; a spurt; a sudden rush or gush, as of water from a pipe, or of flame from an orifice; also, that which issues in a jet.

2. Drift; scope; range, as of an argument. [Obs.]

3. The sprue of a type, which is broken from it when the type is cold. Knight.
Jet propeller (Naut.), a device for propelling vessels by means of a forcible jet of water ejected from the vessel, as by a centrifugal pump. -- Jet pump, a device in which a small jet of steam, air, water, or other fluid, in rapid motion, lifts or otherwise moves, by its impulse, a larger quantity of the fluid with which it mingles.

 Jet, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jetted (?); p. pr. & vb.
 n. Jetting.] [F. jeter, L. jactare, freq. fr. jacere to throw. See 3d Jet, and cf. Jut.]

1. To strut; to walk with a lofty or haughty gait; to be insolent; to obtrude. [Obs.]

 he jets under his advanced plumes!

Shak.
 To jet upon a prince's right.

Shak.
2. To jerk; to jolt; to be shaken. [Obs.] Wiseman.
3. To shoot forward or out; to project; to jut out.

 Jet, v. t. To spout; to emit in a stream or jet.

 A dozen angry models jetted steam.

Tennyson.
 Jet"-black' (?), a. Black as jet; deep black.

 ||Jet' d'eau" (?), pl. Jets d'eau (&?;). [F., a throw of water. See Jet a shooting forth.] A stream of water spouting from a fountain or pipe (especially from one arranged to throw water upward), in a public place or in a garden, for ornament.

 ||Jet"e*rus (?), n. (Bot.) A yellowness of the parts of plants which are normally green; yellows.

 { ||Jet"sam (?), ||Jet"son (?), } n. [F. jeter to throw: cf.
 OF. getaison a throwing. Cf. Flotsam, Jettison.]

1. (Mar. Law) Goods which sink when cast into the sea, and remain under water; -- distinguished from flotsam, goods which float, and ligan, goods which are sunk attached to a buoy.

2. Jettison. See Jettison, 1.

 Jet"teau (jt"t), n. See Jet d'eau. [R.] Addison.
 Jet"tee (-t), n. See Jetty, n. Burke.
 Jet"ter (-tr), n. One who struts; one who bears himself jauntily; a fop. [Obs.] Palsgrave.
 Jet"ti*ness (-t*ns). n. The state of being jetty; blackness. Pennant.
 Jet"ti*son (?). n. [See Jetsam.]

1. (Mar. Law) The throwing overboard of goods from necessity, in order to lighten a vessel in danger of wreck.

2. See Jetsam, 1.

 Jet"ton (?), n. [F. jeton.] A metal counter used in playing cards.

 Jet"ty (?), a. Made of jet, or like jet in color.

 The people... are of a jetty.

 Sir T. Browne.
 Jet"ty, n.; pl. Jetties (#). [F. jetée a pier, a jetty, a causeway. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Jutty.]

1. (Arch.) A part of a building that jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall below.

2. A wharf or pier extending from the shore.

3. (Hydraul. Engin.) A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor; a mole; as, the Eads system of jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi River.

Jetty head (Naut.), a projecting part at the end of a wharf; the front of a wharf whose side forms one of the cheeks of a dock.

 Jet"ty, v. i. To jut out; to project


or --! Also called three-finger salute. Compare quadruple bucky.
Node:vulture capitalist, Next:W2K bug, Previous:Vulcan nerve pinch, Up:= V = vulture capitalist n. Pejorative hackerism for 'venture capitalist', deriving from the common practice of pushing contracts that deprive inventors of control over their own innovations and most of the money they ought to have made from them.
Node:= W =, Next:= X =, Previous:= V =, Up:The Jargon Lexicon = W = W2K bug: wabbit: WAITS: waldo: walk: walk off the end of: walking drives: wall: wall follower: wall time: wall wart: wallpaper: wango: wank: wannabee: war dialer: -ware: warez: warez d00dz: warez kiddies: warlording: warm boot: wart: washing machine: washing software: water MIPS: wave a dead chicken: weasel: web pointer: web toaster: webify: webmaster: web ring: wedged: wedgie: wedgitude: weeble: weeds: weenie: Weenix: well-behaved: well-connected: wetware: whack: whack-a-mole: whacker: whales: whalesong: What's a spline?: wheel: wheel bit: wheel of reincarnation: wheel wars: White Book: whitelist: whizzy: wibble: WIBNI: widget: wiggles: WIMP environment: win: win big: win win: Winchester: windoid: window shopping: Windoze: winged comments: winkey: winnage: winner: winnitude: Wintel: wired: wirehead: wirewater: wish list: within delta of: within epsilon of: wizard: Wizard Book: wizard hat: wizard mode: wizardly: wok-on-the-wall: womb box: WOMBAT: womble: wonky: woofer: workaround: working as designed: worm: wormhole: wound around the axle: wrap around: write-only code: write-only language: write-only memory: Wrong Thing: wugga wugga: wumpus: WYSIAYG: WYSIWYG: Node:W2K bug, Next:wabbit, Previous:vulture capitalist, Up:= W = W2K bug [from 'Y2K bug' for the Year 2000 problem] The upcoming deployment of Microsoft's Windows 2000 operating system, which hackers generally expect will be among the worst train wrecks in the history of software engineering. Such is the power of Microsoft marketing, however, that it is also expected this will not become obvious until it has incurred hundreds of millions of dollars in downtime and lost opportunity costs.
Node:wabbit, Next:WAITS, Previous:W2K bug, Up:= W = wabbit /wab'it/ n.
[almost certainly from Elmer Fudd's immortal line "You wascawwy wabbit!"] 1. A legendary early hack reported on a System/360 at RPI and elsewhere around 1978; this may have descended (if only by inspiration) from a hack called RABBITS reported from 1969 on a Burroughs 5500 at the University of Washington Computer Center. The program would make two copies of itself every time it was run, eventually crashing the system. 2.
By extension, any hack that includes infinite self-replication but is not a virus or worm. See fork bomb and rabbit job, see also cookie monster.
Node:WAITS, Next:waldo, Previous:wabbit, Up:= W = WAITS /wayts/ n. The mutant cousin of TOPS-10 used on a handful of systems at SAIL up to 1990. There was never an 'official' expansion of WAITS (the name itself having been arrived at by a rather sideways process), but it was frequently glossed as 'West-coast Alternative to ITS'.
Though WAITS was less visible than ITS, there was frequent exchange of people and ideas between the two communities, and innovations pioneered at WAITS exerted enormous indirect influence. The early screen modes of EMACS, for example, were directly inspired by WAITS's 'E' editor -- one of a family of editors that were the first to do 'real-time editing', in which the editing commands were invisible and where one typed text at the point of insertion/overwriting. The modern style of multi-region windowing is said to have originated there, and WAITS alumni at XEROX PARC and elsewhere played major roles in the developments that led to the XEROX Star, the Macintosh, and the Sun workstations. Also invented there were bucky bits -- thus, the ALT key on every IBM PC is a WAITS legacy. One WAITS feature very notable in pre-Web days was a news-wire interface that allowed WAITS hackers to read, store, and filter AP and UPI dispatches from their terminals; the system also featured a still-unusual level of support for what is now called 'multimedia' computing, allowing analog audio and video signals to be switched to programming terminals.
Node:waldo, Next:walk, Previous:WAITS, Up:= W = waldo /wol'doh/ n.
[From Robert A. Heinlein's story "Waldo"] 1. A mechanical agent, such as a gripper arm, controlled by a human limb. When these were developed for the nuclear industry in the mid-1940s they were named after the invention described by Heinlein in the story, which he wrote in 1942. Now known by the more generic term 'telefactoring', this technology is of intense interest to NASA for tasks like space station maintenance. 2. At Harvard (particularly by Tom Cheatham and students), this is used instead of foobar as a metasyntactic variable and general nonsense word. See foo, bar, foobar, quux.
Node:walk, Next:walk off the end of, Previous:waldo, Up:= W = walk n.,vt.
Traversal of a data structure, especially an array or linked-list data structure in core.
See also codewalker, silly walk, clobber.
Node:walk off the end of, Next:walking drives, Previous:walk, Up:= W = walk off the end of vt.
To run past the end of an array, list, or medium after stepping through it -- a good way to land in trouble. Often the result of an off-by-one error. Compare clobber, roach, smash the stack.
Node:walking drives, Next:wall, Previous:walk off the end of, Up:= W = walking drives n. An occasional failure mode of magnetic-disk drives back in the days when they were huge, clunky washing machines. Those old dinosaur parts carried terrific angular momentum; the combination of a misaligned spindle or worn bearings and stick-slip interactions with the floor could cause them to 'walk' across a room, lurching alternate corners forward a couple of millimeters at a time. There is a legend about a drive that walked over to the only door to the computer room and jammed it shut; the staff had to cut a hole in the wall in order to get at it! Walking could also be induced by certain patterns of drive access (a fast seek across the whole width of the disk, followed by a slow seek in the other direction). Some bands of old-time hackers figured out how to induce disk-accessing patterns that would do this to particular drive models and held disk-drive races.
Node:wall, Next:wall follower, Previous:walking drives, Up:= W = wall interj.
[WPI] 1. An indication of confusion, usually spoken with a quizzical tone: "Wall??" 2. A request for further explication.
Compare octal forty. 3.
[Unix, from 'write all'] v. To send a message to everyone currently logged in, esp. with the wall(8) utility.
It is said that sense 1 came from the idiom 'like talking to a blank


, LL.
 agonizare, fr. Gr. &?;. See Agony.] 1. To writhe with agony; to suffer violent anguish.

 To smart and agonize at every pore. Pope.
2. To struggle; to wrestle; to strive desperately.

 Ag"o*nize, v. t. To cause to suffer agony; to subject to extreme pain; to torture.

 He agonized his mother by his behavior. Thackeray.
 Ag"o*ni'zing*ly (&?;), adv. With extreme anguish or desperate struggles.

 Ag"o*no*thete' (&?;), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; to set. appoint.] [Antiq.] An officer who presided over the great public games in Greece.

 Ag'o*no*thet"ic (&?;), a. [Gr. &?;.] Pertaining to the office of an agonothete.

 Ag"o*ny (&?;), n.; pl. Agonies (&?;). [L. agonia, Gr. &?;, orig. a contest, fr. &?;: cf. F. agonie. See Agon.]
 1. Violent contest or striving.

 The world is convulsed by the agonies of great nations. Macaulay.
2. Pain so extreme as to cause writhing or contortions of the body, similar to those made in the athletic contests in Greece; and hence, extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; paroxysm of grief; specifically, the sufferings of Christ in the garden of Gethsemane.

 Being in an agony he prayed more earnestly. Luke xxii.
 44.
3. Paroxysm of joy; keen emotion.

 With cries and agonies of wild delight. Pope.
4. The last struggle of life; death struggle.

Syn. -- Anguish; torment; throe; distress; pangs; suffering. -- Agony, Anguish, Pang. These words agree in expressing extreme pain of body or mind. Agony denotes acute and permanent pain, usually of the whole system., and often producing contortions. Anguish denotes severe pressure, and, considered as bodily suffering, is more commonly local (as anguish of a wound), thus differing from agony. A pang is a paroxysm of excruciating pain. It is severe and transient. The agonies or pangs of remorse; the anguish of a wounded conscience. "Oh, sharp convulsive pangs of agonizing pride!" Dryden.
 A*good(*gd"), adv. [Pref. a- + good.] In earnest; heartily. [Obs.] "I made her weep agood." Shak.
 ||Ag"o*ra (g"*r), n. [Gr. 'agora'.] An assembly; hence, the place of assembly, especially the market place, in an ancient Greek city.

 ||A*gou"a*ra (&?;), n. [Native name.] (Zoöl.) The crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus), found in the tropical parts of America.

 ||A*gou"ta (&?;), n. [Native name.] (Zoöl.) A small insectivorous mammal (Solenodon paradoxus), allied to the moles, found only in Hayti.

 { A*gou"ti, A*gou"ty } (*g"t), n. [F. agouti, acouti, Sp. aguti, fr. native name.] (Zoöl.) A rodent of the genus Dasyprocta, about the size of a rabbit, peculiar to South America and the West Indies. The most common species is the Dasyprocta agouti.

 A*grace" (&?;), n. & v. See Aggrace. [Obs.]

 A*graffe" (&?;), n. [F. agrafe, formerly agraffe, OF. agrappe. See Agrappes.] 1. A hook or clasp.

 The feather of an ostrich, fastened in her turban by an agraffe set with brilliants. Sir W. Scott.
2. A hook, eyelet, or other device by which a piano wire is so held as to limit the vibration.

 A*gram"ma*tist (&?;), n. [Gr. &?; illiterate; 'a priv. + &?; letters, fr. &?; to write.] A illiterate person. [Obs.] Bailey.
 ||A*graph"i*a (&?;), n. [Gr. 'a priv. + &?; to write.] The absence or loss of the power of expressing ideas by written signs. It is one form of aphasia.

 A*graph"ic (&?;), a. Characterized by agraphia.

 A*grappes" (&?;), n. pl. [OF. agrappe, F. agrafe; a + grappe (see Grape) fr. OHG. krpfo hook.] Hooks and eyes for armor, etc. Fairholt.
 A*gra"ri*an (&?;), a. [L. agrarius, fr. ager field.] 1. Pertaining to fields, or lands, or their tenure; esp., relating to an equal or equitable division of lands; as, the agrarian laws of Rome, which distributed the conquered and other public lands among citizens.

 His Grace's landed possessions are irresistibly inviting to an agrarian experiment. Burke.
2. (Bot.) Wild; -- said of plants growing in the fields.

 A*gra"ri*an, n. 1. One in favor of an equal division of landed property.

2. An agrarian law. [R.]

 An equal agrarian is perpetual law. Harrington.
 A*gra"ri*an*ism (&?;), n. An equal or equitable division of landed property; the principles or acts of those who favor a redistribution of land.

 A*gra"ri*an*ize (&?;), v. t. To distribute according to, or to imbue with, the principles of agrarianism.

 { A*gre", A*gree" } (&?;), adv. [F. à gré.
 See Agree.] In good part; kindly. [Obs.] Rom. of R. A*gree" (&?;), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Agreed (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Agreeing.] [F. agréer to accept or receive kindly, fr. à gré; à (L. ad) + gré good will, consent, liking, fr. L. gratus pleasing, agreeable. See Grateful.] 1. To harmonize in opinion, statement, or action; to be in unison or concord; to be or become united or consistent; to concur; as, all parties agree in the expediency of the law.

 If music and sweet poetry agree. Shak.
 Their witness agreed not together. Mark xiv. 56.
 The more you agree together, the less hurt can your enemies do you. Sir T. Browne.
2. To yield assent; to accede; -- followed by to; as, to agree to an offer, or to opinion.

3. To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms or to a common resolve; to promise.

Agree with thine adversary quickly. Matt. v. 25.
 Didst not thou agree with me for a penny? Matt. xx. 13.
4. To be conformable; to resemble; to coincide; to correspond; as, the picture does not agree with the original; the two scales agree exactly.

5. To suit or be adapted in its effects; to do well; as, the same food does not agree with every constitution.

6. (Gram.) To correspond in gender, number, case, or person.

 The auxiliary forms of to be are


. Burton always writes 'Abu Nowas,' Payne 'Abu Nuwas,' and so on.]

 23 (return) [ Conclusion of The Beharistan.]

 24 (return) [ They came from Shap.]

 25 (return) [ Thus there was a Bishop Burton of Killala and an Admira Ryder Burton. See Genealogical Tree in the Appendix.]

 26 (return) [ Mrs. Burton made a brave attempt in 1875, but could never fill the gap between 1712 and 1750.]

 27 (return) [ Now the residence of Mr.
 Andrew Chatto, the publisher.]

 28 (return) [ In 1818 the Inspector writes in the Visitors' Book: "The Bakers seldom there." Still, the Bakers gave occasional treats to the children, and Mrs. Baker once made a present of a new frock to each of the girls.]

 29 (return) [ Not at Elstree as Sir Richard Burton himself supposed and said, and as all his biographers have reiterated. It is plainly stated in the Elstree register that he was born at Torquay.]

 30 (return) [ The clergyman was David Felix.]

 31 (return) [ Weare's grave is unmemorialled, so the spot is known only in so far as the group in the picture indicates it.]

 32 (return) [ He died 24th October 1828, aged 41; his wife died 10th September 1848. Both are buried at Elstree church, where there is a tablet to their memory.]

 33 (return) [ For a time Antommarchi falsely bore the credit of it.]

 34 (return) [ Maria, 18th March 1823; Edward, 31st August 1824.]

 35 (return) [ Beneath is an inscription to his widow, Sarah Baker, who died 6th March, 1846, aged 74 years.]

 36 (return) [ Her last subscription to the school was in 1825. In 1840 she lived in Cumberland Place, London.]

 37 (return) [ The original is now in the possession of Mrs. Agg, of Cheltenham.]

 38 (return) [ Wanderings in West Africa, ii. P. 143.]

 39 (return) [ Life, i. 29.]

 40 (return) [ Goldsmith's Traveller, lines 73 and 74.]

 41 (return) [ Life, i. 32.]

 42 (return) [ It seems to have been first issued in 1801. There is a review of it in The Anti-Jacobin for that year.]

 43 (return) [ She was thrown from her carriage, 7th August 1877, and died in St. George's Hospital.]

 44 (return) [ Life, by Lady Burton, i.
 67.]

 45 (return) [ Dr. Greenhill (_PHONE_), physician and author of many books.]

 46 (return) [ Vikram and the Vampire, Seventh Story, about the pedants who resurrected the tiger.]

 47 (return) [ He edited successively The Daily Telegraph and The Morning Advertiser, wrote plays and published several volumes of poetry. He began The Career of R. F. Burton, and got as far as 1876.]

 48 (return) [ City of the Saints, P.
 513.]

 49 (return) [ Short died 31st May 1879, aged 90.]

 50 (return) [ In Thomas Morton's Play Speed the Plough, first acted in 1800.]

 51 (return) [ Grocers.]

 52 (return) [ Life, i. 81.]

 53 (return) [ Or so he said. The President of Trinity writes to me: "He was repaid his caution money in April 1842. The probability is that he was rusticated for a period." If so, he could have returned to Oxford after the loss of a term or two.]

 54 (return) [ He died 17th November 1842, aged 65.]

 55 (return) [ Robert Montgomery _PHONE_.]

 56 (return) [ "My reading also ran into bad courses—Erpenius, Zadkiel, Falconry, Cornelius Agrippa"—Burton's Autobiographical Fragment.]

 57 (return) [ Sarah Baker (Mrs. Francis Burton), Georgiana Baker (Mrs. Bagshaw).]

 58 (return) [ Sind Revisited. Vol. ii.
 pp. 78-83.]

 59 (return) [ 5th May 1843. He was first of twelve.]

 60 (return) [ "How," asked Mr. J. F. Collingwood of him many years after, "do you manage to learn a language so rapidly and thoroughly?" To which he replied: "I stew the grammar down to a page which I carry in my pocket. Then when opportunity offers, or is made, I get hold of a native—preferably an old woman, and get her to talk to me. I follow her speech by ear and eye with the keenest attention, and repeat after her every word as nearly as possible, until I acquire the exact accent of the speaker and the true meaning of the words employed by her. I do not leave her before the lesson is learnt, and so on with others until my own speech is indistinguishable from that of the native."—Letter from Mr. Collingwood to me, 22nd June 1905.]

 61 (return) [ The Tota-kahani is an abridgment of the Tuti-namah (Parrot-book) of Nakhshabi. Portions of the latter were translated into English verse by J. Hoppner, 1805. See also Anti-Jacobin Review for 1805, p. 148.]

 62 (return) [ Unpublished letter to Mr.
 W. F. Kirby, 8th April 1885. See also Lib. Ed. of The Arabian Nights, viii., p. 73, and note to Night V.]

 63 (return) [ This book owes whatever charm it possesses chiefly to the apophthegms embedded in it. Thus, "Even the gods cannot resist a thoroughly obstinate man." "The fortune of a man who sits, sits also." "Reticence is but a habit. Practise if for a year, and you will find it harder to betray than to conceal your thoughts."

 64 (return) [ Now it is a town of 80,000 inhabitants.]

 65 (return) [ Sind Revisited, i. 100.]

 66 (return) [ "The first City of Hind."
 See Arabian Nights, where it is called Al Mansurah, "Tale of Salim."
 Burton's A. N., Sup. i., 341. Lib Ed. ix., 230.]

 67 (return) [ Mirza=Master. Burton met Ali Akhbar again in 1876. See chapter xviii., 84.]

 68 (return) [ Yoga. One of the six systems of Brahmanical philosophy, the essence of which is meditation. Its devotees believe that by certain ascetic practices they can acquire command over elementary matter. The Yogi go about India as fortune-tellers.]

 69 (return) [ Burton used to say that this vice is prevalent in a zone extending from the South of Spain through Persia to China and then opening out like a trumpet and embracing all aboriginal America. Within this zone he declared it to be endemic, outside it sporadic.]

 70 (return) [ Burton's Arabian Nights, Terminal Essay, vol. x. pp. 205, 206, and The Romance of Isabel Lady Burton, by W. H. Wilkins, ii., 730.]


), a. [F., fr. appliquer to put on.] Ornamented with a pattern (which has been cut out of another color or stuff) applied or transferred to a foundation; as, appliqué lace; appliqué work.

 Ap*plot" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Applotting.] [Pref. ad- + plot.] To divide into plots or parts; to apportion. Milton.
 Ap*plot"ment (&?;), n. Apportionment.

 Ap*ply" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applied (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Applying.] [OF. aplier, F. appliquer, fr. L. applicare to join, fix, or attach to; ad + plicare to fold, to twist together. See Applicant, Ply.] 1. To lay or place; to put or adjust (one thing to another); -- with to; as, to apply the hand to the breast; to apply medicaments to a diseased part of the body.

 He said, and the sword his throat applied. Dryden.
2. To put to use; to use or employ for a particular purpose, or in a particular case; to appropriate; to devote; as, to apply money to the payment of a debt.

3. To make use of, declare, or pronounce, as suitable, fitting, or relative; as, to apply the testimony to the case; to apply an epithet to a person.

 Yet God at last To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied.
Milton.
4. To fix closely; to engage and employ diligently, or with attention; to attach; to incline.

Apply thine heart unto instruction. Prov. xxiii. 12.
5. To direct or address. [R.]

 Sacred vows... applied to grisly Pluto. Pope.
6. To betake; to address; to refer; -- used reflexively.

 I applied myself to him for help. Johnson.
7. To busy; to keep at work; to ply. [Obs.]

 She was skillful in applying his "humors." Sir P. Sidney.
8. To visit. [Obs.]

 And he applied each place so fast. Chapman.
Applied chemistry. See under Chemistry. -- Applied mathematics.
 See under Mathematics.

 Ap*ply", v. i. 1. To suit; to agree; to have some connection, agreement, or analogy; as, this argument applies well to the case.

2. To make request; to have recourse with a view to gain something; to make application. (to); to solicit; as, to apply to a friend for information.

3. To ply; to move. [R.]

 I heard the sound of an oar applying swiftly through the water.
T. Moore.
4. To apply or address one's self; to give application; to attend closely (to).

 ||Ap*pog'gia*tu"ra (&?;), n. [It., fr. appogiarre to lean, to rest; ap- (L. ad) + poggiare to mount, ascend, poggio hill, fr. L. podium an elevated place.] (Mus.)
 A passing tone preceding an essential tone, and borrowing the time it occupies from that; a short auxiliary or grace note one degree above or below the principal note unless it be of the same harmony; -- generally indicated by a note of smaller size, as in the illustration above. It forms no essential part of the harmony.

 Ap*point" (p*point"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appointed; p. pr. & vb. n. Appointing.] [OE. appointen, apointen, OF. apointier to prepare, arrange, lean, place, F. appointer to give a salary, refer a cause, fr. LL. appunctare to bring back to the point, restore, to fix the point in a controversy, or the points in an agreement; L. ad + punctum a point. See Point.] 1.
 To fix with power or firmness; to establish; to mark out.

 When he appointed the foundations of the earth. Prov.
 viii. 29.
2. To fix by a decree, order, command, resolve, decision, or mutual agreement; to constitute; to ordain; to prescribe; to fix the time and place of.

 Thy servants are ready to do whatsoever my lord the king shall appoint.
2 Sam. xv. 15.
 He hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness. Acts xvii. 31.
 Say that the emperor request a parley... and appoint the meeting. Shak.
3. To assign, designate, or set apart by authority.

 Aaron and his shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service. Num. iv. 19.
 These were cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them. Josh. xx. 9.
4. To furnish in all points; to provide with everything necessary by way of equipment; to equip; to fit out.

 The English, being well appointed, did so entertain them that their ships departed terribly torn. Hayward.
5. To point at by way, or for the purpose, of censure or commendation; to arraign. [Obs.]

Appoint not heavenly disposition. Milton.
6. (Law) To direct, designate, or limit; to make or direct a new disposition of, by virtue of a power contained in a conveyance; -- said of an estate already conveyed. Burrill. Kent.
To appoint one's self, to resolve. [Obs.] Crowley.
 Ap*point" (p*point"), v. i. To ordain; to determine; to arrange.

 For the Lord had appointed to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel. 2 Sam. xvii. 14.
 Ap*point"a*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being appointed or constituted.

 Ap*point*ee" (&?;), n. [F. appointé, p. p. of appointer.
 See Appoint, v. t.] 1. A person appointed.

 The commission authorizes them to make appointments, and pay the appointees.
Circular of Mass. Representatives (1768).
2. (law) A person in whose favor a power of appointment is executed. Kent. Wharton.
 Ap*point"er (&?;), n. One who appoints, or executes a power of appointment. Kent.
 Ap*point"ive (&?;), a. Subject to appointment; as, an appointive office. [R.]

 Ap*point"ment (&?;), n. [Cf. F. appointement.] 1.
 The act of appointing; designation of a person to hold an office or discharge a trust; as, he erred by the appointment of unsuitable men.

2. The state of being appointed to som&?; service or office; an office to which one is appointed; station; position; an, the appointment of treasurer.

3. Stipulation; agreement; the act of fixing by mutual agreement.
 Hence:: Arrangement for a meeting; engagement; as, they made an appointment to meet at six.

4. Decree; direction; established order or constitution; as, to submit to the divine appointments.

 According to the appointment of the priests. Ezra vi. 9.
5. (Law) The exercise of the power of designating (under a "power of appointment") a person to enjoy an estate or other specific property; also, the instrument by which the designation is made.

6. Equipment, furniture, as for a ship or an army; whatever is appointed for use and management; outfit; (pl.) the accouterments of military officers or soldiers, as belts, sashes, swords.

 The cavaliers emulated their chief in the richness of their appointments.
Prescott.
 I'll prove it in my shackles,


THE MAN AGAINST THE SKY A Book of Poems by Edwin Arlington Robinson [Note on text: Italicized words or phrases are capitalized. Lines longer than 78 characters are broken and the continuation is indented two spaces. Some obvious errors may have been corrected.]

 Several of the poems included in this book are reprinted from American periodicals, as follows: "The Gift of God", "Old King Cole", "Another Dark Lady", and "The Unforgiven"; "Flammonde" and "The Poor Relation"; "The Clinging Vine"; "Eros Turannos" and "Bokardo"; "The Voice of Age"; "Cassandra"; "The Burning Book"; "Theophilus"; "Ben Jonson Entertains a Man from Stratford".

CONTENTS THE MAN AGAINST THE SKY Flammonde The Gift of God The Clinging Vine Cassandra John Gorham Stafford's Cabin Hillcrest Old King Cole Ben Jonson Entertains a Man from Stratford Eros Turannos Old Trails The Unforgiven Theophilus Veteran Sirens Siege Perilous Another Dark Lady The Voice of Age The Dark House The Poor Relation The Burning Book Fragment Lisette and Eileen Llewellyn and the Tree Bewick Finzer Bokardo The Man against the Sky Notes on the etext: About the author: Edwin Arlington Robinson, _PHONE_.

 THE MAN AGAINST THE SKY Flammonde The Gift of God The Clinging Vine Cassandra John Gorham Stafford's Cabin Hillcrest Old King Cole Ben Jonson Entertains a Man from Stratford Eros Turannos Old Trails The Unforgiven Theophilus Veteran Sirens Siege Perilous Another Dark Lady The Voice of Age The Dark House The Poor Relation The Burning Book Fragment Lisette and Eileen Llewellyn and the Tree Bewick Finzer Bokardo The Man against the Sky [End of text.]

 From the original advertisements: By the same author Captain Craig, A Book of Poems "There are few poets writing in English to-day whose work is so permeated by individual charm as is Mr. Robinson's. Always one feels the presence of a man behind the poet—a man who knows life and people and things and writes of them clearly, with a subtle poetic insight that is not visible in the work of any other living writer."—'Brooklyn Daily Eagle'.

 "The 'Book of Annandale', a splendid poem included in this collection, is one of the most moving emotional narratives found in modern poetry."
 —'Review of Reviews'.

 "... His handling of Greek themes reveals him as a lyrical poet of inimitable charm and skill."—'Reedy's Mirror'.

 "A poem that must endure; if things that deserve long life get it."— 'N. Y. Evening Sun'.

 "Wherever you hear people who know speak of American poets... they assume that you take the genius and place of Edwin Arlington Robinson as granted.... A man with something to say that has value and beauty. His thought is deep and his ideas are high and stimulating."—'Boston Transcript'.

 By the same author——————— The Porcupine: A Drama in Three Acts Cloth, 12mo, $1.25 Edwin Arlington Robinson's comedy "Van Zorn" proved him to be one of the most accomplished of the younger generation of American dramatists. Of this play the 'Boston Transcript' said, "It is an effective presentation of modern life in New York City, in which a poet shows his skill of playwrighting... he brings to the American drama to-day a thing it sadly lacks, and that is character." In manner and technique Mr. Robinson's new play, "The Porcupine", recalls some of the work of Ibsen. Written adroitly and with the literary cleverness exhibited in "Van Zorn", it tells a story of a domestic entanglement in a dramatic fashion well calculated to hold the reader's attention.

 "Contains all of the qualities that are said to be conspicuously lacking in American Drama."—'N. Y. Evening Sun'.

 Van Zorn: A Comedy in Three Acts Cloth, 12mo, $1.25 Mr. Robinson is known as the leader of present-day American poets. In this delightful play he tells with a biting humor the story of the salvation of a soul. By clever arrangement of incident and skillful characterization he arouses strongly the reader's curiosity, and the suspense is admirably sustained. The dialogue is bright, and the construction of the plot shows the work of one well versed in the technique of the drama.

 Notes on the etext: About the author: Edwin Arlington Robinson, _PHONE_.

 From the Biographical Notes of "The Second Book of Modern Verse" (1919, 1920), edited by Jessie B. Rittenhouse: Robinson, Edwin Arlington. Born at Head Tide, Maine, Dec. 22, 1869.
 Educated at Harvard University. Mr. Robinson is a psychological poet of great subtlety; his poems are usually studies of types and he has given us a remarkable series of portraits. He is recognized as one of the finest and most distinguished poets of our time. His successive volumes are: "Children of the Night", 1897; "Captain Craig", 1902; "The Town Down the River", 1910; "The Man against the Sky", 1916; "Merlin", 1917; and "Launcelot", 1920. The last-named volume was awarded a prize of five hundred dollars, given by The Lyric Society for the best book manuscript offered to it in 1919. In addition to his work in poetry, Mr. Robinson has written two prose plays, "Van Zorn", and "The Porcupine".

 In "American Poetry Since 1900", Louis Untermeyer notes, "his name was known only to a few of the literati until Theodore Roosevelt... acclaimed and aided him." Rittenhouse's Biographical Notes (above quoted) contain this entry immediately before Edwin Arlington Robinson's: "Robinson, Corinne Roosevelt.... Mrs. Robinson, who is a sister to Col. Theodore Roosevelt,... has written several volumes of verse...." It is always interesting to see the coincidence of events in history, and it is worth asking if this was not even a causal relationship.—A. L.


) Abstracted; removed from close representation of nature by the deliberate selection of what is to be represented and what is to be rejected; as, a conventional flower; a conventional shell. Cf. Conventionalize, v. t. Con*ven"tion*al*ism (?), n. 1. That which is received or established by convention or arbitrary agreement; that which is in accordance with the fashion, tradition, or usage.

 All the artifice and conventionalism of life. Hawthorne.
 They gaze on all with dead, dim eyes, -- wrapped in conventionalisms, ... simulating feelings according to a received standard. F. W. Robertson.
2. (Fine Arts) The principles or practice of conventionalizing. See Conventionalize, v. t. Con*ven"tion*al*ist, n. 1. One who adheres to a convention or treaty.

2. One who is governed by conventionalism.

 Con*ven'tion*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Conventionalities (&?;).
 The state of being conventional; adherence to social formalities or usages; that which is established by conventional use; one of the customary usages of social life.

 Con*ven'tion*al*i*za"tion (?), n. (Fine Arts) (a) The act of making conventional. (b) The state of being conventional.

 Con*ven"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Conventionalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Conventionalizing.] 1.
 To make conventional; to bring under the influence of, or cause to conform to, conventional rules; to establish by usage.

2. (Fine Arts) (a) To represent by selecting the important features and those which are expressible in the medium employed, and omitting the others. (b) To represent according to an established principle, whether religious or traditional, or based upon certain artistic rules of supposed importance.

 Con*ven"tion*al*ize (?), v. i. (Fine Arts) To make designs in art, according to conventional principles. Cf. Conventionalize, v. t., 2.

 Con*ven"tion*al*ly, adv. In a conventional manner.

 Con*ven"tion*a*ry (?), a. Acting under contract; settled by express agreement; as, conventionary tenants. [Obs.] R. Carew.
 Con*ven"tion*er (?), n. One who belongs to a convention or assembly.

 Con*ven"tion*ist (?), n. One who enters into a convention, covenant, or contract.

 Con*ven"tu*al (?; 135), a. [LL. conventualis: cf. F. conventuel.]
 Of or pertaining to a convent; monastic. "A conventual garb." Macaulay.
Conventual church, a church attached or belonging to a convent or monastery. Wordsworth.
 Con*ven"tu*al, n. One who lives in a convent; a monk or nun; a recluse. Addison.
 Con*verge" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Converged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Converging (?).] [Pref. con- + L. vergere to turn, incline; cf. F. converger. See Verge, v. i.] To tend to one point; to incline and approach nearer together; as, lines converge.

 The mountains converge into a single ridge. Jefferson.
 Con*verge", v. t. To cause to tend to one point; to cause to incline and approach nearer together.

 I converge its rays to a focus of dazzling brilliancy. Tyndall.
 { Con*ver"gence (?), Con*ver"gen*cy (?) }, n. [Cf. F. convergence.]
 The condition or quality of converging; tendency to one point.

 The convergence or divergence of the rays falling on the pupil.
Berkeley.
 Con*ver"gent (?), a. [Cf. F. convergent.] tending to one point of focus; tending to approach each other; converging.

 As many rays of light, as conveniently can be let in, and made convergent.
Boyle.
 The vast dome of its cathedral... directing its convergent curves to heaven. Hallam.
 Con*ver"ging (?), a. Tending to one point; approaching each other; convergent; as, converging lines. Whewell.
Converging rays(Opt.), rays of light, which, proceeding from different points of an object, tend toward a single point. -- Converging series (Math.), a series in which if an indefinitely great number of terms be taken, their sum will become indefinitely near in value to a fixed quantity, which is called the sum of the series; -- opposed to a diverging series.

 Con*vers"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. conversable.] Qualified for conversation; disposed to converse; sociable; free in discourse.

 While young, humane, conversable, and kind. Cowper.
 Con*vers"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being conversable; disposition to converse; sociability.

 Con*vers"a*bly, adv. In a conversable manner.

 Con"ver*sance (?), n. The state or quality of being conversant; habit of familiarity; familiar acquaintance; intimacy. [R.]

 Con"ver*san*cy (?), n. Conversance [R.]

 Con"ver*sant (?), a. [L. conversans, p. pr. of conversari: cf. F. conversant.] 1. Having frequent or customary intercourse; familiary associated; intimately acquainted.

 I have been conversant with the first persons of the age. Dryden.
2. Familiar or acquainted by use or study; well-informed; versed; -- generally used with with, sometimes with in.

 Deeply conversant in the Platonic philosophy. Dryden.
 he uses the different dialects as one who had been conversant with them all. Pope.
Conversant only with the ways of men. Cowper.
3. Concerned; occupied.

 Education... is conversant about children. W. Wotton.
 Con*vers"ant (?), n. One who converses with another; a convenser.
 [R.]

 Con"ver*sant*ly (?), adv. In a familiar manner.

 Con'ver*sa"tion (?), n. [OE. conversacio (in senses 1 & 2), OF. conversacion, F. conversation, fr. L. conversatio frequent abode in a place, intercourse, LL. also, manner of life.] 1.
 General course of conduct; behavior. [Archaic] Let your conversation be as it becometh the gospel. Philip.
 i. 27.
2. Familiar intercourse; intimate fellowship or association; close acquaintance. "Conversation with the best company." Dryden.
 I set down, out of long experience in business and much conversation in books, what I thought pertinent to this business. Bacon.
3. Commerce; intercourse; traffic. [Obs.]

 All traffic and mutual conversation. Hakluyt.
4. Colloquial discourse; oral interchange of sentiments and observations; informal dialogue.

 The influence exercised by his [Johnson's] conversation was altogether without a parallel. Macaulay.
5. Sexual intercourse; as, criminal conversation.

Syn. -- Intercourse; communion; commerce; familiarity; discourse; dialogue; colloquy; talk; chat. -- Conversation, Talk. There is a looser sense of these words, in which they are synonymous; there is a stricter sense, in which they differ. Talk is usually broken, familiar, and versatile. Conversation is more continuous and sustained, and turns ordinarily upon topics or higher interest. Children talk to their parents or to their companions; men converse together in mixed assemblies. Dr. Johnson once remarked


servings of starch to mellow them out. It is wise not to start out life a happiness addict with a severe weight problem.
 Now that the chemistry of sugar addiction is understood, there currently is a movement afoot to cast the obese as helpless victims of serotonin imbalances and to "treat" them with the same kinds of serotonin-increasing happy drugs (like Prozac) that are becoming so popular with the psychiatric set.
This promises to be a multiple billion dollar business that will capture all the money currently flowing into other dieting systems and bring it right back to the AMA/drug company/FDA nexus. The pitch is that when serotonin levels are upped, the desire to eat drops and so is weight. This approach is popular with the obese because it requires no personal responsibility other than taking a pill that really does make them feel happy. However, the same benefit can be had by strict adherence to a low-fat, low-carbohydrate diet. Eventually, the brain chemistry rebalances itself and serotonin levels stabilize.
Glycemic Index (compared to glucose, which is 100) Grains Fruits Vegetables all bran 51 apples 39 baked beans 40 brown rice 66 bananas 62 beets 64 buckwheat 54 cherries 23 black-eyed peas 33 cornflakes 80 grapefruit 26 carrots 92 oatmeal 49 grapes 45 chic peas 36 shred. wheat 67 orange juice 46 parsnips 97 muesli 66 peach 29 potato chips 51 white rice 72 orange 40 baked potato 98 white spagetti 50 pear 34 sweet potato 48 whole wheat spagetti 42 plum 25 yams 51 sweet corn 59 raisins 64 peas 51 Nuts Baked Goods Sugars peanuts 13 pastry 59 fructose 20 sponge cake 46 glucose 100 Meats white bread 69 honey 87 sausage 28 w/w bread 72 maltose 110 fish sticks 38 whole rye bread 42 sucrose 59 Dairy Products yogurt 36 whole milk 34 skim milk 32 Remember, the pancreas has another major service to perform for the body: secreting digestive enzymes to aid in the digestion of proteins. When the diet contains either too much protein or too much sugar and/or high-glycemic index starch foods, the overworked pancreas begins to be less and less efficient at maintaining both of these functions.
 Sometimes a stressed-out pancreas gets overactive and does too good a job lowering the blood sugar, producing hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is generally accompanied by unpleasant symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, blurred vision, irritability, confusion, headache, etc. This condition is typically alleviated by yet another hit of sugar which builds an addiction not only to sugar, but to food in general. If the hypoglycemic then keeps on eating sugar to relieve the symptoms of sugar ingestion, eventually the pancreas becomes exhausted, producing an insulin deficiency, called diabetes. Medical doctors treat diabetes with insulin supplements either oral or intramuscular plus a careful diet with very low and measured amounts of sugar and starch for the remainder of the persons inevitably shortened and far less pleasant life. However, sometimes diabetes can be controlled with diet alone, though medical doctors have not had nearly as much success with this approach as talented naturopaths. Sometimes, long fasting can regenerate a pancreas. It is far better to avoid creating this disease!
 The dietary management of hypoglycemia requires that not only refined but also unrefined sugars and starches with a high glycemic index be removed from the diet. (The glycemic index measures the ease with which the starch is converted into glucose in the body, and estimates the amount of insulin needed to balance it out.) This means no sugar, no honey, no white flour, no whole grains sweetened with honey, no sweet fruits such as watermelons, bananas, raisins, dates or figs. Potatoes are too readily converted into sugar. Jerusalem artichokes are a good substitute.
 People with hypoglycemia can often control their symptoms with frequent small meals containing vegetable protein every two hours. When a non-sweet fruit is eaten such as an apple, it should be eaten with some almonds or other nut or seed that slows the absorption of fruit sugar. Hypoglycemics can improve their condition with vitamins and food supplements. See the next chapter.
 Allergies to foods and environmental irritants are frequently triggered by low blood sugar. Mental conditions are also triggered by low blood sugar levels, frequently contributing to or causing a cycle of acting out behavior accompanied by destruction of property and interpersonal violence, as well as psychosis and bouts of depression. It is not possible to easily deal with the resulting behavior problems unless the hypoglycemia is controlled. Unfortunately most institutions such as mental hospitals and jails serve large amounts of sugar and starch and usually caffeinated beverages, with a high availability of soda pop, candy, and cigarettes at concessions.
If the diet were drastically improved, the drugs given to control behavior in mental hospitals would be much more effective at a lower dose, or unnecessary.
 The insulin-cycle overworked pancreas may eventually not be able to secrete enough enzymes to allow for the efficient digestion of foods high in protein. As stated earlier, poor protein digestion leads to a highly toxic condition from putrefied protein in the intestines. This condition is alleviated by eliminating animal proteins from the diet and taking digestive aids such as pancreatin pills with meals to assist in the digestion of vegetable proteins.
Food Combining And "Healthfood Junkfood."
 This brings us to a topic I call healthfood junkfood. Many people improve their diet, eliminating meat and chemicalized food in favor of whole grains and organically grown foods, but they then proceed to make these otherwise good foods into virtual junkfood by preparing them incorrectly. In my travels, I've noticed this same thing happens everywhere on Earth. What should be health-producing dietaries are ruined by frying, salting and sugaring.
 Healthfood junkfoods include organically grown potato chips deep fried in cold pressed organic unsaturated canola oil (made rancid by frying) sprinkled with natural sea salt; organically grown oat and nut granola roasted with cold-pressed unsaturated oil (made rancid by roasting) hideously sweetened with honey; carrot cake made with rancid whole wheat flour, cold pressed unsaturated oil (made rancid by baking), honey, and cream cheese (salted); whole wheat cookies (stale, rancid flour) sweetened with honey, made with vegetable oil baked at high heat (rancid); whole wheat pizza vegetarian style with lots of soy cheese; whole wheat pizza vegan style with lots of real raw milk cheese; organically grown corn chips deep fried in cold pressed vegetable oil with or without natural sea salt, yogurts made from powdered milk without an active culture of beneficial bacteria and covered with highly sugared fruits, etc. These foods may well represent an improvement over the average American diet, but they still are not healthy foods, and should never be used in a diet for a sick person. Nor are they worthy of a person attempting to maximize health.
 The problem with healthfood junkfoods is not their major ingredients, but how they were combined and processed and adulterated. Remember, fats, animal or vegetable, subjected to high heat become indigestible and toxic and make anything they're cooked with indigestible; salt is a toxic drug; cheese, hard enough to digest as it is, when raised to high temperatures as it is when making pizza, becomes virtually indigestible and cheese inevitably contains a lot of butterfat which, though saturated animal fat, when raised to high temperatures, still becomes slightly rancid. And all these foods represent indigestible combinations


c. (wit) 842.
 Phr. dum vitant stulti vitia in contraria currunt[Lat].
3. PROSPECTIVE AFFECTIONS #858. Hope.—N. hope, hopes; desire &c. 865; fervent hope, sanguine expectation, trust, confidence, reliance; faith &c. (belief) 484; affiance, assurance; secureness, security; reassurance.
 good omen, good auspices; promise, well grounded hopes; good prospect, bright prospect; clear sky.
 assumption, presumption; anticipation &c. (expectation) 507. hopefulness, buoyancy, optimism, enthusiasm, heart of grace, aspiration.
 [person who is hopeful] optimist, utopian, utopist[obs3].
 castles in the air, castles in Spain, chateaux en Espagne[Fr], le pot aut lait[Fr], Utopia, millennium; day dream, golden dream; dream of Alnaschar[obs3]; airy hopes, fool's paradise; mirage &c. (fallacies of vision) 443; fond hope.
 beam of hope, ray of hope, gleam of hope, glimmer of hope, flash of hope, dawn of hope, star of hope; cheer; bit of blue sky, silver lining, silver lining of the cloud, bottom of Pandora's box, balm in Gilead; light at the end of the tunnel.
 anchor, sheet anchor, mainstay; staff &c. (support) 215; heaven &c.
981.
 V. hope, trust, confide, rely on, put one's trust in; lean upon; pin one's hope upon, pin one's faith upon &c. (believe) 484. feel hope, entertain hope, harbor hope, indulge hope, cherish hope, feed hope, foster hope, nourish hope, encourage hope, cling to hope, live in hope, &c. n.; see land; feel assured, rest assured, feel confident, rest confident &c. adj.
 presume; promise oneself; expect &c. (look forward to) 507. hope for &c. (desire) 865; anticipate.
 be hopeful &c. adj.; look on the bright side of, view on the sunny side, voir en couleur de rose[Fr], make the best of it, hope for the best; put a good face upon, put a bold face upon, put the best face upon; keep one's spirits up; take heart, take heart of grace; be of good heart, be of good cheer; flatter oneself, "lay the flattering unction to one's soul" catch at a straw[hamlet], hope against hope, reckon one's chickens before they are hatched, count one's chickens before they are hatched.
 [cause hope] give hope, inspire hope, raise hope, hold out hope &c. n.; promise, bid fair, augur well, be in a fair way, look up, flatter, tell a flattering tale; raise expectations[sentient subject]; encourage, cheer, assure, reassure, buoy up, embolden.
 Adj. hoping &c. v.; in hopes &c. n.; hopeful, confident; secure &c.
(certain) 484; sanguine, in good heart, buoyed up, buoyant, elated, flushed, exultant, enthusiastic; heartsome[obs3]; utopian.
 unsuspecting, unsuspicious; fearless, free from fear, free from suspicion, free from distrust, free from despair, exempt from fear, exempt from suspicion, exempt from distrust, exempt from despair; undespairing[obs3], self reliant.
 probable, on the high road to; within sight of shore, within sight of land; promising, propitious; of promise, full of promise; of good omen; auspicious, de bon augure[Fr]; reassuring; encouraging, cheering, inspiriting, looking up, bright, roseate, couleur de rose[Fr], rosecolored.
 Adv. hopefully &c. adj.
 Int. God speed!
 Phr. nil desperandum [Lat][Horace]; never say die, dum spiro spero[Lat], latet scintillula forsan[Lat], all is for the best, spero meliora[Lat]; every cloud has a silver lining; "the wish being father to the thought" [Henry IV]; "hope told a flattering tale"; rusticus expectat dum defluat amnis[Lat][obs3].
 at spes non fracta[Lat]; ego spem prietio non emo [Lat][Terence]; un Dieu est ma fiance[Fr]; "hope! thou nurse of young desire" [Bickerstaff]; in hoc signo spes mea[Lat]; in hoc signo vinces[Lat]; la speranza e il pan de miseri[It]; l'esperance est le songe d'un homme eveille[Fr]; "the mighty hopes that make us men" [Tennyson]; "the sickening pang of hope deferred" [Scott].
#859. [Absence, want or loss of hope.] Hopelessness.—N.
hopelessness &c. adj.; despair, desperation; despondency, depression &c.
(dejection) 837; pessimism, pessimist; Job's comforter; bird of bad omen, bird of ill omen.
 abandonment, desolation; resignation, surrender, submission &c. 725. hope deferred, dashed hopes; vain expectation &c. (disappointment) 509. airy hopes &c. &c 858; forlorn hope; gone case, dead duck, gone coon* [U.S.]; goner*; bad job, bad business; enfant perdu[Fr]; gloomy horizon, black spots in the horizon; slough of Despond, cave of Despair; immedicabile vulnus[Lat].
 V. despair; lose all hope, give up all hope, abandon all hope, relinquish all hope, lose the hope of, give up the hope of, abandon the hope of, relinquish the hope of; give up, give over; yield to despair; falter; despond &c. (be dejected) 837; jeter le manche apres la cognee[Fr].
 inspire despair, drive to despair &c. n.; disconcert; dash one's hopes, crush one's hopes, destroy one's hopes; hope against hope.
 abandon; resign, surrender, submit &c. 725.
 Adj. hopeless, desperate, despairing, gone, in despair, au desespoir[Fr], forlorn, desolate; inconsolable &c. (dejected) 837; broken hearted.
 unpromising, unpropitious; inauspicious, ill-omened, threatening, clouded over.
 out of the question, not to be thought of; impracticable &c. 471; past hope, past cure, past mending, past recall; at one's last gasp &c. (death) 360; given up, given over.
 incurable, cureless, immedicable, remediless, beyond remedy; incorrigible; irreparable, irremediable, irrecoverable, irreversible, irretrievable, irreclaimable, irredeemable, irrevocable; ruined, undone; immitigable.
 Phr. "lasciate ogni speranza voi ch'entrate" [Dante]; its days are numbered; the worst come to the worst; "no change, no pause, no hope, yet I endure" [Shelley]; "O dark, dark, dark, amid the blaze of noon" [Milton]; "mene mene tekel upharson" [Old Testament].
#860. Fear.—N. fear, timidity, diffidence, want of confidence; apprehensiveness, fearfulness &c. adj.; solicitude, anxiety, care, apprehension, misgiving; feeze [obs3][U.S.]; mistrust &c. (doubt) 485; suspicion, qualm; hesitation &c. (irresolution) 605. nervousness, restlessness &c. adj.; inquietude, disquietude, worry, concern; batophobia[obs3]; heartquake[obs3]; flutter, trepidation, fear and trembling, perturbation, tremor, quivering, shaking, trembling, throbbing heart, palpitation, ague fit, cold sweat; ab


_2$, and $C\omega_3$.
Angular momenta may be compounded like forces or velocities, by the law of the "parallelogram," and since these three are at right angles to each other, their resultant is \begin{displaymath} \sqrt{A^2\omega_1^2 + B^2\omega_2^2 + C^2\omega_3^2} = H \end{displaymath} (1) and this must be constant, both in magnitude and direction in space, since no external forces act on the body.
We shall call this axis of angular momentum the invariable axis. It is perpendicular to what has been called the invariable plane. Poinsôt calls it the axis of the couple of impulsion. The direction-cosines of this axis in the body are, \begin{displaymath} \begin{array}{c c c} \displaystyle l = \frac{A\omega_1}{H},... ...ga_2}{H}, & \displaystyle n = \frac{C\omega_3}{H}.
\end{array}\end{displaymath} Since $I$, $m$ and $n$ vary during the motion, we need some additional condition to determine the relation between them. We find this in the property of the vis viva of a system of invariable form in which there is no friction. The vis viva of such a system must be constant. We express this in the equation \begin{displaymath} A\omega_1^2 + B\omega_2^2 + C\omega_3^2 = V \end{displaymath} (2) Substituting the values of $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, $\omega_3$ in terms of $l$, $m$, $n$, \begin{displaymath} \frac{l^2}{A} + \frac{m^2}{B} + \frac{n^2}{C} = \frac{V}{H^2}.
\end{displaymath} Let $1/A = a^2$, $1/B = b^2$, $1/c = c^2$, $V/H^2 = e^2$, and this equation becomes \begin{displaymath} a^2l^2 + b^2m^2 + c^2n^2 = e^2 \end{displaymath} (3) and the equation to the cone, described by the invariable axis within the body, is \begin{displaymath} (a^2 - e^2) x^2 + (b^2 - e^2) y^2 + (c^2 - e^2) z^2 = 0 \end{displaymath} (4) The intersections of this cone with planes perpendicular to the principal axes are found by putting $x$, $y$, or $z$, constant in this equation. By giving $e$ various values, all the different paths of the pole of the invariable axis, corresponding to different initial circumstances, may be traced.
Figure: Figure 1 * In the figures, I have supposed $a^2 = 100$, $b^2= 107$, and $c^2= 110$. The first figure represents a section of the various cones by a plane perpendicular to the axis of $x$, which is that of greatest moment of inertia. These sections are ellipses having their major axis parallel to the axis of $b$. The value of $e^2$ corresponding to each of these curves is indicated by figures beside the curve. The ellipticity increases with the size of the ellipse, so that the section corresponding to $e^2 = 107$ would be two parallel straight lines (beyond the bounds of the figure), after which the sections would be hyperbolas.
Figure: Figure 2 * The second figure represents the sections made by a plane, perpendicular to the mean axis. They are all hyperbolas, except when $e^2 = 107$, when the section is two intersecting straight lines.
Figure: Figure 3 The third figure shows the sections perpendicular to the axis of least moment of inertia. From $e^2 = 110$ to $e^2 = 107$ the sections are ellipses, $e^2 = 107$ gives two parallel straight lines, and beyond these the curves are hyperbolas.
Figure: Figure 4 * The fourth and fifth figures show the sections of the series of cones made by a cube and a sphere respectively. The use of these figures is to exhibit the connexion between the different curves described about the three principal axes by the invariable axis during the motion of the body.
Figure: Figure 5 * We have next to compare the velocity of the invariable axis with respect to the body, with that of the body itself round one of the principal axes. Since the invariable axis is fixed in space, its motion relative to the body must be equal and opposite to that of the portion of the body through which it passes. Now the angular velocity of a portion of the body whose direction-cosines are $l$, $m$, $n$, about the axis of $x$ is \begin{displaymath} \frac{\omega_1}{1 - l^2} - \frac{l}{1 - l^2}(l\omega_1 + m\omega_2 + n\omega-3).
\end{displaymath} Substituting the values of $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, $\omega_3$, in terms of $l$, $m$, $n$, and taking account of equation (3), this expression becomes \begin{displaymath} H\frac{(a^2 - e^2)}{1 - l^2}l.
\end{displaymath} Changing the sign and putting $\displaystyle l = \frac{\omega_1}{a^2H}$ we have the angular velocity of the invariable axis about that of $x$ \begin{displaymath} = \frac{\omega_1}{1 - l^2} \frac{e^2 - a^2}{a^2}, \end{displaymath} always positive about the axis of greatest moment, negative about that of least moment, and positive or negative about the mean axis according to the value of $e^2$. The direction of the motion in every case is represented by the arrows in the figures. The arrows on the outside of each figure indicate the direction of rotation of the body.
* If we attend to the curve described by the pole of the invariable axis on the sphere in fig. 5, we shall see that the areas described by that point, if projected on the plane of $yz$, are swept out at the rate \begin{displaymath} \omega_1 \frac{e^2 - a^2}{a^2}.
\end{displaymath} Now the semi-axes of the projection of the spherical ellipse described by the pole are \begin{displaymath} \sqrt{\frac{e^2 - a^2}{b^2 - a^2}} \hspace{1cm}\textrm{and}\hspace{1cm} \sqrt{\frac{e^2 - a^2}{c^2 - a^2}}.
\end{displaymath} Dividing the area of this ellipse by the area described during one revolution of the body, we find the number of revolutions of the body during the description of the ellipse-- \begin{displaymath} = \frac{a^2}{\sqrt{b^2 - a^2}\sqrt{c^2 - a^2}}.
\end{displaymath} The projections of the spherical ellipses upon the plane of $yz$ are all similar ellipses, and described in the same number of revolutions; and in each ellipse so projected, the area described in any time is proportional to the number of revolutions of the body about the axis of $x$, so that if we measure time by revolutions of the body, the motion of the projection of the pole of the invariable


F. sylvain silvan. Cf. Savage.] Of or pertaining to woods; composed of woods or groves; woody. [Written also sylvan.]

 Betwixt two rows of rocks, a silvan scene Appears above, and groves forever green.

Dryden.
 Sil"van, n. (Old Chem.) See Sylvanium. [Obs.]

 Sil"van*ite (?), n. (Min.) See Sylvanite.

 { Sil"vas (?) or Sel"vas (?) }, n. pl. [L. silva a forest, Sp. selva.] Vast woodland plains of South America.

 Sil"vate (?), n. (Chem.) Same as Sylvate.

 Sil"ver (?), n. [OE. silver, selver, seolver, AS. seolfor, siolfur, siolufr, silofr, sylofr; akin to OS. silubar, OFries. selover, D. zilver, LG.
 sulver, OHG. silabar, silbar, G. silber, Icel.
 silfr, Sw. silfver, Dan. sölv, Goth. silubr, Russ. serebro, Lith. sidabras; of unknown origin.] 1.
(Chem.) A soft white metallic element, sonorous, ductile, very malleable, and capable of a high degree of polish. It is found native, and also combined with sulphur, arsenic, antimony, chlorine, etc., in the minerals argentite, proustite, pyrargyrite, ceragyrite, etc. Silver is one of the "noble" metals, so-called, not being easily oxidized, and is used for coin, jewelry, plate, and a great variety of articles. Symbol Ag (Argentum).
 Atomic weight 107.7. Specific gravity 10.5.

 Silver was known under the name of luna to the ancients and also to the alchemists. Some of its compounds, as the halogen salts, are remarkable for the effect of light upon them, and are used in photography.

2. Coin made of silver; silver money.

3. Anything having the luster or appearance of silver.

4. The color of silver.

Silver is used in the formation of many compounds of obvious meaning; as, silver-armed, silver-bright, silver-buskined, silver-coated, silver-footed, silver-haired, silver-headed, silver-mantled, silver-plated, silver-slippered, silver-sounding, silver-studded, silver-tongued, silver-white. See Silver, a. Black silver (Min.), stephanite; -- called also brittle silver ore, or brittle silver glance. -- Fulminating silver.
 (Chem.) (a) A black crystalline substance, Ag2O.(NH3)2, obtained by dissolving silver oxide in aqua ammonia. When dry it explodes violently on the slightest percussion. (b) Silver fulminate, a white crystalline substance, Ag2C2N2O2, obtained by adding alcohol to a solution of silver nitrate. When dry it is violently explosive. -- German silver. (Chem.) See under German. -- Gray silver. (Min.) See Freieslebenite. -- Horn silver. (Min.) See Cerargyrite. -- King's silver. (O. Eng. Law) See Postfine. -- Red silver, or Ruby silver.
 (Min.) See Proustite, and Pyrargyrite. -- Silver beater, one who beats silver into silver leaf or silver foil. -- Silver glance, or Vitreous silver. (Min.) See Argentine.

 Sil"ver, a. 1. Of or pertaining to silver; made of silver; as, silver leaf; a silver cup.

2. Resembling silver. Specifically: (a) Bright; resplendent; white. "Silver hair." Shak.
 Others, on silver lakes and rivers, bathed Their downy breast.

Milton.
(b) Precious; costly. (c) Giving a clear, ringing sound soft and clear. "Silver voices." Spenser. (d) Sweet; gentle; peaceful. "Silver slumber." Spenser.
American silver fir (Bot.), the balsam fir. See under Balsam.
 -- Silver age (Roman Lit.), the latter part (a. d. 14-180) of the classical period of Latinity, -- the time of writers of inferior purity of language, as compared with those of the previous golden age, so-called. -- Silver-bell tree (Bot.), an American shrub or small tree (Halesia tetraptera) with white bell-shaped flowers in clusters or racemes; the snowdrop tree. -- Silver bush (Bot.), a shrubby leguminous plant (Anthyllis BarbaJovis) of Southern Europe, having silvery foliage. -- Silver chub (Zoöl.), the fallfish. -- Silver eel. (Zoöl.) (a) The cutlass fish. (b) A pale variety of the common eel. -- Silver fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Abies pectinata) found in mountainous districts in the middle and south of Europe, where it often grows to the height of 100 or 150 feet. It yields Burgundy pitch and Strasburg turpentine. -- Silver foil, foil made of silver. -- Silver fox (Zoöl.), a variety of the common fox (Vulpes vulpes, variety argenteus) found in the northern parts of Asia, Europe, and America. Its fur is nearly black, with silvery tips, and is highly valued.
 Called also black fox, and silver-gray fox. -- Silver gar.
 (Zoöl.) See Billfish (a). -- Silver grain (Bot.), the lines or narrow plates of cellular tissue which pass from the pith to the bark of an exogenous stem; the medullary rays. In the wood of the oak they are much larger than in that of the beech, maple, pine, cherry, etc.
 -- Silver grebe (Zoöl.), the red-throated diver. See Illust.
 under Diver. -- Silver hake (Zoöl.), the American whiting. -- Silver leaf, leaves or sheets made of silver beaten very thin. -- Silver lunge (Zoöl.), the namaycush. -- Silver moonfish.(Zoöl.) See Moonfish (b). -- Silver moth (Zoöl.), a lepisma. -- Silver owl (Zoöl.), the barn owl. -- Silver perch (Zoöl.), the mademoiselle, 2. -- Silver pheasant (Zoöl.), any one of several species of beautiful crested and long-tailed Asiatic pheasants, of the genus Euplocamus. They have the tail and more or less of the upper parts silvery white. The most common species (E. nychtemerus) is native of China. -- Silver plate, domestic utensils made of silver. -- Silver plover (Zoöl.), the knot. -- Silver salmon (Zoöl.), a salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) native of both coasts of the North Pacific. It ascends all the American rivers as far south as the Sacramento. Called also kisutch, whitefish, and white salmon. -- Silver shell (Zoöl.), a marine bivalve of the genus Anomia. See Anomia. -- Silver steel, an alloy of steel with a very small proportion of silver. -- Silver stick, a title given to the title field officer of the Life Guards when on duty at the palace. [Eng.] Thackeray. -- Silver tree (Bot.), a South African tree (Leucadendron argenteum) with long, silvery, silky leaves. -- Silver trout, (Zoöl.) See Trout. -- Silver wedding. See under Wedding. -- Silver whiting (Zoöl.), a marine sciænoid food fish (Menticirrus littoralis) native of the Southern United States; -- called also surf whiting. -- Silver witch (Zoöl.), A lepisma.

 Sil"ver (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Silvered (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Silvering.] 1. To cover with silver; to give a silvery appearance to by applying a metal of a silvery color; as, to silver a pin;


xyst + &?; to rule.] (Gr. Antiq.) An office&?; having the superintendence of the xyst. Dr. W. Smith.
 Xys"ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. xysth'r a scraper.] (Surg.) An instrument for scraping bones.

 Y. Y (w). Y, the twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, at the beginning of a word or syllable, except when a prefix (see Y-), is usually a fricative vocal consonant; as a prefix, and usually in the middle or at the end of a syllable, it is a vowel. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 145, 178-9, 272.

 It derives its form from the Latin Y, which is from the Greek, originally the same letter as V. Etymologically, it is most nearly related to u, i, o, and j. g; as in full, fill, AS. fyllan; E. crypt, grotto; young, juvenile; day, AS. dæg. See U, I, and J, G. Y has been called the Pythagorean letter, because the Greek letter was taken represent the sacred triad, formed by the duad proceeding from the monad; and also because it represents the dividing of the paths of vice and virtue in the development of human life.

 Y (w), n.; pl. Y's (wz) or Ys.
 Something shaped like the letter Y; a forked piece resembling in form the letter Y. Specifically: (a) One of the forked holders for supporting the telescope of a leveling instrument, or the axis of a theodolite; a wye. (b) A forked or bifurcated pipe fitting. (c) (Railroads) A portion of track consisting of two diverging tracks connected by a cross track.

Y level (Surv.), an instrument for measuring differences of level by means of a telescope resting in Y's. -- Y moth (Zoöl.), a handsome European noctuid moth Plusia gamma) which has a bright, silvery mark, shaped like the letter Y, on each of the fore wings. Its larva, which is green with five dorsal white species, feeds on the cabbage, turnip, bean, etc. Called also gamma moth, and silver Y. Y (), pron. I. [Obs.] King Horn. Wyclif.
 { Y- (?), or I- }. [OE. y-, i-, AS. ge-, akin to D.
 & G. ge-, OHG. gi-, ga-, Goth. ga-, and perhaps to Latin con-; originally meaning, together. Cf. Com-, Aware, Enough, Handiwork, Ywis.] A prefix of obscure meaning, originally used with verbs, adverbs, adjectives, nouns, and pronouns. In the Middle English period, it was little employed except with verbs, being chiefly used with past participles, though occasionally with the infinitive Ycleped, or yclept, is perhaps the only word not entirely obsolete which shows this use.

 That no wight mighte it see neither yheere.

Chaucer.
 Neither to ben yburied nor ybrent.

Chaucer.
 Some examples of Chaucer's use of this prefix are; ibe, ibeen, icaught, ycome, ydo, idoon, ygo, iproved, ywrought. It inough, enough, it is combined with an adjective. Other examples are in the Vocabulary.

 Spenser and later writers frequently employed this prefix when affecting an archaic style, and sometimes used it incorrectly.

 Ya (yä), adv. Yea. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Yac"a*re' (yk"*r'), n. [See Jacare.] (Zoöl.) A South American crocodilian (Jacare sclerops) resembling the alligator in size and habits. The eye orbits are connected together, and surrounded by prominent bony ridges. Called also spectacled alligator, and spectacled cayman. [Written also jacare.]

 The name is also applied to allied species.

 Yac"ca (yk"k), n. (Bot.) A West Indian name for two large timber trees (Podocarpus coriaceus, and P. Purdicanus) of the Yew family. The wood, which is much used, is pale brownish with darker streaks.

 Yacht (yt), n. [D. jagt, jacht; perhaps properly, a chase, hunting, from. jagen to chase, hunt, akin to G. jagen, OHG. jagn, of uncertain origin; or perhaps akin to OHG. ghi quick, sudden (cf. Gay).] (Naut.) A light and elegantly furnished vessel, used either for private parties of pleasure, or as a vessel of state to convey distinguished persons from one place to another; a seagoing vessel used only for pleasure trips, racing, etc.

Yacht measurement. See the Note under Tonnage, 4.

 Yacht, v. i. To manage a yacht; to voyage in a yacht.

 Yacht"er (-r), n. One engaged in sailing a jacht.

 Yacht"ing, n. Sailing for pleasure in a yacht.

 Yacht"man (?), n. See Yachtsman.

 Yachts"man (?), n.; pl. Yachtsmen (&?;). One who owns or sails a yacht; a yachter.

 Yaf (?), obs. imp. of Give. [AS. geaf, imp. of giefan to give. See Give] Gave. See Give. Chaucer.
 Yaf"fin*gale (?), n. [See Yaffle, and cf. Nightingale.] (Zoöl.)
 The yaffle. [Prov. Eng.]

 Yaf"fle (?), n. [Probably imitative of its call or cry.] (Zoöl.)
 The European green woodpecker (Picus, or Genius, viridis). It is noted for its loud laughlike note. Called also eccle, hewhole, highhoe, laughing bird, popinjay, rain bird, yaffil, yaffler, yaffingale, yappingale, yackel, and woodhack.

 Ya"ger (?; 277), n. [G. jäger a hunter, from jagen to chase, hunt.] (Mil.) In the German army, one belonging to a body of light infantry armed with rifles, resembling the chasseur of the French army. [Written also jager.]

 Ya'gua*run"di (?), n. (Zoöl.) Same as Jaguarondi.
 [Written also yaguarondi, and yagouarondi.]

 ||Yaj"ur-Ve"da (yj"ûr-v'd or -v'd), n. [Skr. yajurvda.] See Veda.

 Yak (yk), n. [Thibetan gyag.] (Zoöl.) A bovine mammal (Poëphagus grunnies) native of the high plains of Central Asia. Its neck, the outer side of its legs, and its flanks, are covered with long, flowing, fine hair. Its tail is long and bushy, often white, and is valued as an ornament and for other purposes in India and China. There are several domesticated varieties, some of which lack the mane and the long hair on the flanks. Called also chauri gua, grunting cow, grunting ox, sarlac, sarlik, and sarluc.

Yak lace, a coarse pillow lace made from the silky hair of the yak.

 Yak"a*milk (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Trumpeter, 3 (a).

 Yak"a*re' (?), n. (Zoöl.) Same as Yacare.