as a fluid from confinement; to flow copiously.

 He smote the rock that the waters gushed out.

Ps ixxviii 20.
 A sea of blood gushed from the gaping wound.

Spenser.
2. To make a sentimental or untimely exhibition of affection; to display enthusiasm in a silly, demonstrative manner. [Colloq.]

 Gush, v. t. 1. A sudden and violent issue of a fluid from an inclosed plase; an emission of a liquid in a large quantity, and with force; the fluid thus emitted; a rapid outpouring of anything; as, a gush of song from a bird.

 The gush of springs, An fall of lofty foundains.

Byron.
2. A sentimental exhibition of affection or enthusiasm, etc.; effusive display of sentiment. [Collog.]

 Gush"er (?), n. One who gushes. [Colloq.]

 Gush"ing, a. 1. Rushing forth with violence, as a fluid; flowing copiously; as, gushing waters. "Gushing blood." Milton.
2. Emitting copiously, as tears or words; weakly and unreservedly demonstrative in matters of affection; sentimental. [Colloq.]

 Gush"ing*ly (?), adv. 1. In a gushing manner; copiously. Byron.
2. Weakly; sentimentally; effusively. [Colloq.]

 Gus"set (?), n. [F. gousset armpit, fob, gusset, dim.
 of gousse pod, husk; cf. It. guscio shell, or W. cwysed gore, gusset.] 1. A small piece of cloth inserted in a garment, for the purpose of strengthening some part or giving it a tapering enlargement.

 Seam and gusset and band.

Hood.
2. Anything resembling a gusset in a garment; as: (a) (Armor) A small piece of chain mail at the openings of the joints beneath the arms. (b) (Mach.) A kind of bracket, or angular piece of iron, fastened in the angles of a structure to give strength or stiffness; esp., the part joining the barrel and the fire box of a locomotive boiler.

3. (Her.) An abatement or mark of dishonor in a coat of arms, resembling a gusset.

 Gust (gst), n. [Icel. gustr a cool breeze. Cf. Gush.] 1.
 A sudden squall; a violent blast of wind; a sudden and brief rushing or driving of the wind.

 Snow, and hail, stormy gust and flaw.

Milton.
2. A sudden violent burst of passion. Bacon.
 Gust, n. [L. gustus; cf. It. & Sp. gusto. √46.]

1. The sense or pleasure of tasting; relish; gusto.

 An ox will relish the tender flesh of kids with as much gust and appetite.

Jer. Taylor.
2. Gratification of any kind, particularly that which is exquisitely relished; enjoyment.

 Destroy all creatures for thy sport or gust.
Pope.
3. Intellectual taste; fancy.

 A choice of it may be made according to the gust and manner of the ancients.

Dryden.
 Gust, v. t. [Cf. L. gustare, It. gustare, Sp. gustar.
 See GUST a relish.] To taste; to have a relish for. [Obs.]

 Gust"a*ble (?), a. [See Gust, v.] [Obs.] 1. Capable of being tasted; tastable.

 This position informs us of a vulgar error, terming the gall bitter; whereas there is nothing gustable sweeter.

Harvey.
2. Pleasant to the taste; toothsome; savory.

 A gustable thing, seen or smelt, excites the appetite, and affects the glands and parts of the mouth.

Derham.
 Gust"a*ble, n. Anything that can be tasted. [Obs.]

 Gus"tard (?), n. (Zoöl.) The great bustard.

 Gus*ta"tion (?), n. [L. gustatio: cf. F. gustation.]
 The act of tasting. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
 Gust"a*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or subservient to, the sense of taste; as, the gustatory nerve which supplies the front of the tongue.

 Gust"ful (?), a. Tasteful; welltasted. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.
 -- Gust"ful*ness, n. [Obs.] Barrow.
 Gust"ful, a. Gusty. [R.]

 A gustful April morn.

Tennyson.
 Gust"less, a. Tasteless; insipid. [R.]

 Gus"to (?), n. [It. or Sp., fr. L. gustus; akin to E. choose.
 Cf. 2d GUST, GOUR.] Nice or keen appreciation or enjoyment; relish; taste; fancy. Dryden.
 ||Gus*to"so (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Tasteful; in a tasteful, agreeable manner.

 Gust"y (?), a. Subject to, or characterized by, gusts or squalls; windy; stormy; tempestuous.

 Upon a raw and gusty day.

Shak.
 Gut (?), n. [OE. gut, got, AS. gut, prob.
 orig., a channel, and akin to geótan to pour. See FOUND to cast.]

1. A narrow passage of water; as, the Gut of Canso.

2. An intenstine; a bowel; the whole alimentary canal; the enteron; (pl.) bowels; entrails.

3. One of the prepared entrails of an animal, esp. of a sheep, used for various purposes. See Catgut.

4. The sac of silk taken from a silkworm (when ready to spin its cocoon), for the purpose of drawing it out into a thread. This, when dry, is exceedingly strong, and is used as the snood of a fish line.

Blind gut. See CÆcum, n. (b).

 Gut, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gutted (?); p. pr. & vb.
 n. Gutting.] 1. To take out the bowels from; to eviscerate.

2. To plunder of contents; to destroy or remove the interior or contents of; as, a mob gutted the house.

 Tom Brown, of facetious memory, having gutted a proper name of its vowels, used it as freely as he pleased.

Addison.
 ||Gut"ta (?), n.; pl. GuttÆ (#). [L.] 1.
 A drop.

2. (Arch.) One of a series of ornaments, in the form of a frustum of a cone, attached to the lower part of the triglyphs, and also to the lower faces of the mutules, in the Doric order; -- called also campana, and drop.

Gutta serena [L., lit. serene or clear drop] (Med.), amaurosis. -- Guttæ band> (Arch.), the listel or band from which the guttæ hang.

 Gut"ta-per'cha (?), n. [Malay gutah gum + pertja the tree from which is it procured.] A concrete juice produced by various trees found in the Malayan archipelago, especially by the Isonandra, or Dichopsis, Gutta. It becomes soft, and unpressible at the tamperature of boiling water, and, on cooling, retains its new shape. It dissolves in oils and ethers, but not in water. In many of its properties it resembles caoutchouc, and it is extensively used for many economical purposes. The Mimusops globosa of Guiana also yields this


] a. Story of the Physician Douban iv [4] aa. Story of King Sindbad and his Falcon[FN#468] v [5] ab. Story of the King's Son and the Ogress v [5] b. Story of the Enchanted Youth vii [7] 3. The Porter and the Three Ladies of Baghdad ix [9] a. The First Calender's Story xi [11] b. The Second Calender's Story xii [12] ba. Story of the Envier and the Envied[FN#469] xiii [13] c. The Third Calender's Story xiv [14] d. The Eldest Lady's Story xvii [17] e. The Story of the Portress xviii [18] 4. The Three Apples xix [19] 5. Noureddin Ali of Cairo and his Son Bedreddin Hassan xx [20] 6. Story of the Hunchback xxv [25] a. The Christian Broker's Story xxv [25] b. The Controller's Story xxvii [27] c. The Jewish Physician's Story xxviii [28] d. The Tailor's Story xxix [29] e. The Barber's Story xxxi [31] ea. Story of the Barber's First Brother xxxi [31] eb. Story of the Barber's Second Brother xxxi [31] ec. Story of the Barber's Third Brother xxxii [32] ed. Story of the Barber's Fourth Brother xxxii [32] ee. Story of the Barber's Fifth Brother xxxii [32] ef. Story of the Barber's Sixth Brother xxxiii [33] 7. Noureddin Ali and the Damsel Enis el Jelis xxxiv [34] 8. Ghanim ben Eyoub the Slave of Love xxxix [39] a. Story of the Eunuch Bekhit xxxix [39] b. Story of the Eunuch Kafour xxxix [39] 9. The History of King Omar ben Ennuman and his Sons Sherkan and Zoulmekan xlv [45] a. Story of Taj el Mulouk and the Princess Dunya cvii [107] aa. Story of Aziz and Azizeh cvii [107] b. Bakoun's Story of the Hashish-Eater cxliii [143] c. Hemmad the Bedouin's Story cxliv [144] 10. The Birds and Beasts and the Son of Adam cxlvi [146] 11. The Hermits cxlviii [148] 12. The Waterfowl and the Tortoise cxlviii [148] 13. The Wolf and the Fox cxlviii [148] a. The Hawk and the Partridge cxlix [149] 14. The Mouse and the Weasel cl [150] 15. The Cat and the Crow cl [150] 16. The Fox and the Crow cl [150] a. The Mouse and the Flea cli [151] b. The Falcon and the Birds clii [152] c. The Sparrow and the Eagle clii [152] 17. The Hedgehog and the Pigeons clii [152] a. The Merchant and the Two Sharpers clii [152] 18. The Thief and his Monkey clii [152] a. The Foolish Weaver clii [152] 19. The Sparrow and the Peacock clii [152] 20. Ali ben Bekkar and Shemsennehar cliii [153] 21. Kemerezzeman and Budour clxx [170] a. Nimeh ben er Rebya and Num his Slave-girl ccxxxvii [237] 22. Alaeddin Abou esh Shamat ccl [250] 23. Hatim et Taï; his Generosity after Death cclxx [270] 24. Maan ben Zaïdeh and the three Girls cclxxi [271] 25. Maan ben Zaïdeh and the Bedouin cclxxi [271] 26. The City of Lebtait cclxxii [272] 27. The Khalif Hisham and the Arab Youth cclxxii [272] 28. Ibrahim ben el Mehdi and the Barber-surgeon cclxxiii [273] 29. The City of Irem cclxxvi [276] 30. Isaac of Mosul's Story of Khedijeh and the Khalif Mamoun cclxxix [279] 31. The Scavenger and the Noble Lady of Baghdad cclxxxii [282] 32. The Mock Khalif cclxxxvi [286] 33. Ali the Persian and the Kurd Sharper ccxciv [294] 34. The Imam Abou Yousuf with Haroun er Reshid and his Vizier Jaafer ccxcvi [296] 35. The Lover who feigned himself a Thief to save his Mistress's Honour ccxcvii [297] 36. Jaafer the Barmecide and the Bean-Seller ccxcix [299] 37. Abou Mohammed the Lazy ccc [300] 38. Yehya ben Khalid and Mensour cccv [305] 39. Yehya ben Khalid and the Man who forged a Letter in his Name cccvi [306] 40. The Khalif El Mamoun and the Strange Doctor cccvii [307] 41. Ali Shar and Zumurrud cccviii [308] 42. The Loves of Jubeir ben Umeir and the Lady Budour cccxxvii [327] 43. The Man of Yemen and his six Slave-girls cccxxxiv [334] 44. Haroun er Reshid with the Damsel and Abou Nuwas cccxxxviii [338] 45. The Man who stole the Dog's Dish of Gold cccxl [340] 46. The Sharper of Alexandria and the Master of Police cccxli [341] 47. El Melik en Nasir and the three Masters of Police cccxliii [343] a. Story of the Chief of the New Cairo Police cccxliii [343] b. Story of the Chief of the Boulac Police cccxliv [344] c. Story of the Chief of the Old Cairo Police cccxliv [344] 48. The Thief and the Money-Changer cccxliv [344] 49. The Chief of the Cous Police and the Sharper cccxlv [345] 50. Ibrahim ben el Mehdi and the Merchant's Sister cccxlvi [346] 51. The Woman whose Hands were cut off for Almsgiving cccxlviii [348] 52. The Devout Israelite cccxlviii [


to resemble a dandy; to make dandyish.

 Dan"di*prat (?), n. [Dandy + brat child.] 1. A little fellow; -- in sport or contempt. "A dandiprat hop-thumb." Stanyhurst.
2. A small coin.

 Henry VII. stamped a small coin called dandiprats.

Camden.
 Dan"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dandled (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Dandling (?).] [Cf. G. dändeln to trifly, dandle, OD. & Prov. G. danten, G. tand trifly, prattle; Scot. dandill, dander, to go about idly, to trifly.] 1.
 To move up and down on one's knee or in one's arms, in affectionate play, as an infant.

 Ye shall be dandled... upon her knees.

Is.&?; 2. To treat with fondness, as if a child; to fondle; to toy with; to pet.

 They have put me in a silk gown and gaudy fool's cap; I as ashamed to be dandled thus.

Addison.
 The book, thus dandled into popularity by bishops and good ladies, contained many pieces of nursery eloquence.

Jeffrey.
3. To play with; to put off or delay by trifles; to wheedle. [Obs.]

 Captains do so dandle their doings, and dally in the service, as it they would not have the enemy subdued.

Spenser.
 Dan"dler (dn"dlr), n. One who dandles or fondles.

 Dan"driff (dn"drf), n. See Dandruff. Swift.
 Dandruff (dn"drf), n. [Prob. from W. toncrust, peel, skin + AS. drf dirty, draffy, or W. drwg bad: cf. AS. tan a letter, an eruption. √240.] A scurf which forms on the head, and comes off in small scales or particles. [Written also dandriff.]

 Dan"dy (dn"d), n.; pl. Dandies (-dz). [Cf. F. dandin, ninny, silly fellow, dandiner to waddle, to play the fool; prob.
 allied to E. dandle. Senses 2 & 3 are of uncertain etymol.] 1.
 One who affects special finery or gives undue attention to dress; a fop; a coxcomb.

2. (Naut.) (a) A sloop or cutter with a jigger on which a lugsail is set. (b) A small sail carried at or near the stern of small boats; -- called also jigger, and mizzen.

3. A dandy roller. See below.

Dandy brush, a yard whalebone brush. -- Dandy fever. See Dengue. -- Dandy line, a kind of fishing line to which are attached several crosspieces of whalebone which carry a hook at each end. -- Dandy roller, a roller sieve used in machines for making paper, to press out water from the pulp, and set the paper.

 Dan"dy-cock' (&?;), n. masc., Dan"dy-hen' (&?;), n. fem.
 [See Dandy.] A bantam fowl.

 Dan"dy*ish, a. Like a dandy.

 Dan"dy*ism (?), n. The manners and dress of a dandy; foppishness.
 Byron.
 Dan"dy*ize (?), v. t. & i. To make, or to act, like a dandy; to dandify.

 Dan"dy*ling (?), n. [Dandy + -ling.] A little or insignificant dandy; a contemptible fop.

 Dane (?), n. [LL. Dani: cf. AS. Dene.] A native, or a naturalized inhabitant, of Denmark.

Great Dane. (Zoöl.) See Danish dog, under Danish.

 { Dane"geld' (?), Dane"gelt' (?) }, n. [AS. danegeld. See Dane, and Geld, n.] (Eng. Hist.) An annual tax formerly laid on the English nation to buy off the ravages of Danish invaders, or to maintain forces to oppose them. It afterward became a permanent tax, raised by an assessment, at first of one shilling, afterward of two shillings, upon every hide of land throughout the realm. Wharton's Law Dict. Tomlins.
 Dane"wort' (?), n. (Bot.) A fetid European species of elder (Sambucus Ebulus); dwarf elder; wallwort; elderwort; -- called also Daneweed, Dane's weed, and Dane's-blood. [Said to grow on spots where battles were fought against the Danes.]

 Dang (?), imp. of Ding. [Obs.]

 Dang, v. t. [Cf. Ding.] To dash. [Obs.]

 Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage, Danged down to hell her loathsome carriage.

Marlowe.
 Dan"ger (?), n. [OE. danger, daunger, power, arrogance, refusal, difficulty, fr. OF. dagier, dongier (with same meaning), F. danger danger, fr. an assumed LL. dominiarium power, authority, from L. dominium power, property. See Dungeon, Domain, Dame.] 1. Authority; jurisdiction; control. [Obs.]

 In dangerhad he... the young girls.

Chaucer.
2. Power to harm; subjection or liability to penalty. [Obs.] See In one's danger, below.

 You stand within his danger, do you not?

Shak.
 Covetousness of gains hath brought [them] in dangerof this statute.

Robynson (More's Utopia).
3. Exposure to injury, loss, pain, or other evil; peril; risk; insecurity.

4. Difficulty; sparingness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
5. Coyness; disdainful behavior. [Obs.] Chaucer.
In one's danger, in one's power; liable to a penalty to be inflicted by him. [Obs.] This sense is retained in the proverb, "Out of debt out of danger."

 Those rich man in whose debt and danger they be not.

Robynson (More's Utopia).
 -- To do danger, to cause danger. [Obs.] Shak.
Syn. -- Peril; hazard; risk; jeopardy. -- Danger, Peril, Hazard, Risk, Jeopardy. Danger is the generic term, and implies some contingent evil in prospect. Peril is instant or impending danger; as, in peril of one's life. Hazard arises from something fortuitous or beyond our control; as, the hazard of the seas. Risk is doubtful or uncertain danger, often incurred voluntarily; as, to risk an engagement. Jeopardy is extreme danger. Danger of a contagious disease; the perils of shipwreck; the hazards of speculation; the risk of daring enterprises; a life brought into jeopardy.

 Dan"ger, v. t. To endanger. [Obs.] Shak.
 Dan"ger*ful (?), a. Full of danger; dangerous. [Obs.] -- Dan"ger*ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] Udall.
 Dan"ger*less, a. Free from danger. [R.]

 Dan"ger*ous (?), a. [OE., haughty, difficult, dangerous, fr. OF. dangereus, F. dangereux. See Danger.] 1. Attended or beset with danger; full of risk; perilous; hazardous; unsafe.

 Our troops set forth to-morrow; stay with us; The ways are dangerous.

Shak.
 It is dangerous to assert a negative.

Macaulay.
2. Causing danger; ready


.
2. At all times; through all time; always; forever.

 He shall ever love, and always be The subject of by scorn and cruelty.

Dryder.
3. Without cessation; continually.

Ever is sometimes used as an intensive or a word of enforcement.
 "His the old man e'er a son?" Shak.
 To produce as much as ever they can.

M. Arnold.
Ever and anon, now and then; often. See under Anon. -- Ever is one, continually; constantly. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Ever so, in whatever degree; to whatever extent; -- used to intensify indefinitely the meaning of the associated adjective or adverb. See Never so, under Never. "Let him be ever so rich." Emerson.
 And all the question (wrangle e'er so long), Is only this, if God has placed him wrong.

Pope.
 You spend ever so much money in entertaining your equals and betters.

Thackeray.
 -- For ever, eternally. See Forever. -- For ever and a day, emphatically forever. Shak.
 She [Fortune] soon wheeled away, with scornful laughter, out of sight for ever and day.

Prof. Wilson.
 -- Or ever (for or ere), before. See Or, ere. [Archaic] Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven Or ever I had seen that day, Horatio!

Shak.
Ever is sometimes joined to its adjective by a hyphen, but in most cases the hyphen is needless; as, ever memorable, ever watchful, ever burning.

 Ev'er*dur"ing (?) a. Everlasting. Shak.
 Ev'er*glade (?), n. A swamp or low tract of land inundated with water and interspersed with hummocks, or small islands, and patches of high grass; as, the everglades of Florida. [U. S.]

 Ev"er*green (?) a. (Bot.) Remaining unwithered through the winter, or retaining unwithered leaves until the leaves of the next year are expanded, as pines cedars, hemlocks, and the like.

 Ev"er*green, n. 1. (Bot.) An evergreen plant.

2. pl. Twigs and branches of evergreen plants used for decoration. "The funeral evengreens entwine." Keble.
 { Ev"er*ich (?), Ev"er*ych }, a. [OE. see Every.] each one; every one; each of two. See Every. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 { Ev'er*ich*on", Ev'er*ych*on" } (?), pron. [OE. everich + oon, on, one. See Every, and One.] Every one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Ever*last"ing (?) a. 1. Lasting or enduring forever; exsisting or continuing without end; immortal; eternal. "The Everlasting God." Gen. xx1. 33.
2. Continuing indefinitely, or during a long period; perpetual; sometimes used, colloquially, as a strong intensive; as, this everlasting nonsence.

 I will give to thee, and to thy seed after thee... the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession.

Gen xvii. 8.
 And heard thy everlasting yawn confess The pains and penalties of idleness.

Pope.
Syn. -- Eternal; immortal, interminable; endless; neverending; infinite; unceasing; uninterrupted; continual; unintermitted; incessant.
 -- Everlasting, Eternal. Eternal denotes (when taken strictly) without beginning or end of duration; everlasting is sometimes used in our version of the Scriptures in the sense of eternal, but in modern usage is confined to the future, and implies no intermission as well as no end.

 Whether we shall meet again I know not; Therefore our everlasting farewell take; Forever, and forever farewell, Cassius.

Shak.
Everlasting flower. Sane as Everlasting, n., 3. -- Everlasting pea, an ornamental plant (Lathyrus latifolius) related to the pea; -- so called because it is perennial.

 Ev'er*last"ing, n. 1. Eternal duration, past or future; eternity.

 From everlasting to everlasting, thou art God.

Ps. xc. 2.
2. (With the definite article) The Eternal Being; God.

3. (Bot.) A plant whose flowers may be dried without losing their form or color, as the pearly everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea), the immortelle of the French, the cudweeds, etc.

4. A cloth fabric for shoes, etc. See Lasting.

 Ev'er*last"ing*ly, adv. In an everlasting manner.

 Ev'er*last"ing*ness, n. The state of being everlasting; endless duration; indefinite duration.

 Ev'er*liv"ing (?), a. 1. Living always; immoral; eternal; as, the everliving God.

2. Continual; incessant; unintermitted.

 Ev'er*more" (?), adv. During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.

 Seek the Lord... Seek his face evermore.

Ps. cv. 4.
 And, behold, I am alive for evermore.

Rev. i. 18.
 Which flow from the presence of God for evermore.

Tillotson.
 I evermore did love you, Hermia.

Shak.
 E*ver"nic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to Evernia, a genus of lichens; as, evernic acid.

 E*verse" (?), v. t. [L. eversus, p. p. of evertere to turn out, overthrow; e out + vertere to turn. Cf. Evert.] To overthrow or subvert. [Obs.] Glanvill.
 E*ver"sion (?), n. [L. eversio: cf. F. éversion.]
 1. The act of eversing; destruction. Jer. Taylor.
2. The state of being turned back or outward; as, eversion of eyelids; ectropium.

 E*ver"sive (?), a. Tending to evert or overthrow; subversive; with of.

 A maxim eversive... of all justice and morality.

Geddes.
 E*vert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Everted; p. pr.
 & vb. n. Everting.] [L. evertere. See Everse.] 1. To overthrow; to subvert. [R.] Ayliffe.
2. To turn outwards, or inside out, as an intestine.

 Ev"er*y (?), a. & a. pron. [OE. everich, everilk; AS. fre ever + ælc each. See Ever, each.] 1.
 All the parts which compose a whole collection or aggregate number, considered in their individuality, all taken separately one by one, out of an indefinite number.

Every man at his best state is altogether vanity.

Ps. xxxix. 5.
Every door and window was adorned with wreaths of flowers.

Macaulay.
2. Every one. Cf. Each. [Obs.] "Every of your wishes." Shak.
 Daily occasions given to every of us.

Hooker.
Every each, every one. [Obs.] "Every each of them hath some vices." Burton.. -- Every now and then, at short intervals; occasionally; repeatedly; frequently. [Colloq.]

Every may, by way of emphasis, precede the article the with a superlative adjective; as, every, the least variation. Locke.
Syn. -- Every, Each, Any. Any denotes one, or some, taken indifferently from the individuals which compose a class. Every differs from each in


ant of the country.
 [R.] Bailey.
 Ru'ri*dec"a*nal (?), a. [L. rus, ruris the country + decanus the chief of ten. See Dean.] Of or pertaining to a rural dean; as, a ruridecanal district; the ruridecanal intellect.
 [R.]

 Ru*rig"e*nous (?), a. [L. rurigena; rus, ruris, the country + genere, gignere, to bring forth, pass., to be born.] Born in the country. [Obs.]

 Ruse (?), n. [F., fr. OF. reüser, rehuser, to turn aside, to shuffle, retreat, fr. L. recusare to refuse; pref.
 reagain + causa cause. See Cause, and cf. Recusant.] An artifice; trick; stratagem; wile; fraud; deceit.

||Ruse de guerre (&?;) [F.], a stratagem of war.

 Rush (?), n. [OE. rusche, rische, resche, AS.
 risce, akin to LG. rusk, risch, D. & G. rusch; all probably fr. L. ruscum butcher's broom; akin to Goth. raus reed, G. rohr.] 1. (Bot.) A name given to many aquatic or marsh-growing endogenous plants with soft, slender stems, as the species of Juncus and Scirpus.

 Some species are used in bottoming chairs and plaiting mats, and the pith is used in some places for wicks to lamps and rushlights.

2. The merest trifle; a straw.

 John Bull's friendship is not worth a rush.

Arbuthnot.
Bog rush. See under Bog. -- Club rush, any rush of the genus Scirpus. -- Flowering rush. See under Flowering. -- Nut rush (a) Any plant of the genus Scleria, rushlike plants with hard nutlike fruits. (b) A name for several species of Cyperus having tuberous roots. -- Rush broom, an Australian leguminous plant (Viminaria denudata), having long, slender branches. Also, the Spanish broom. See under Spanish. -- Rush candle, See under Candle. -- Rush grass, any grass of the genus Vilfa, grasses with wiry stems and one-flowered spikelets. -- Rush toad (Zoöl.), the natterjack. -- Scouring rush. (Bot.) Same as Dutch rush, under Dutch. -- Spike rush, any rushlike plant of the genus Eleocharis, in which the flowers grow in dense spikes. -- Sweet rush, a sweet-scented grass of Arabia, etc. (Andropogon schœnanthus), used in Oriental medical practice. -- Wood rush, any plant of the genus Luzula, which differs in some technical characters from Juncus.

 Rush (rsh), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rushed (rsht); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Rushing.] [OE. ruschen; cf. AS. hryscan to make a noise, D. ruischen to rustle, G. rauschen, MHG. rschen to rush, to rustle, LG. rusken, OSw. ruska, Icel. & Sw.
 ruska to shake, Dan. ruske to shake, and E. rouse.]
 1. To move forward with impetuosity, violence, and tumultuous rapidity or haste; as, armies rush to battle; waters rush down a precipice.

 Like to an entered tide, they all rush by.

Shak.
2. To enter into something with undue haste and eagerness, or without due deliberation and preparation; as, to rush business or speculation.

 They... never think it to be a part of religion to rush into the office of princes and ministers.

Sprat.
 Rush, v. t. 1. To push or urge forward with impetuosity or violence; to hurry forward.

2. To recite (a lesson) or pass (an examination) without an error.
 [College Cant, U.S.]

 Rush, n. 1. A moving forward with rapidity and force or eagerness; a violent motion or course; as, a rush of troops; a rush of winds; a rush of water.

 A gentleman of his train spurred up his horse, and, with a violent rush, severed him from the duke.

Sir H. Wotton.
2. Great activity with pressure; as, a rush of business.
 [Colloq.]

3. A perfect recitation. [College Cant, U.S.]

4. (Football) (a) A rusher; as, the center rush, whose place is in the center of the rush line; the end rush. (b) The act of running with the ball.

Bunt rush (Football), a combined rush by main strength. -- Rush line (Football), the line composed of rushers.

 Rush"-bear'ing (?), n. A kind of rural festival at the dedication of a church, when the parishioners brought rushes to strew the church.
 [Eng.] Nares.
 Rush"buc'kler (?), n. A bullying and violent person; a braggart; a swashbuckler. [Obs.]

 That flock of stout, bragging rushbucklers.

Robynson (More's Utopia).
 Rushed (?), a. Abounding or covered with rushes.

 Rush"er (?), n. One who rushes. Whitlock.
 Rush"er, n. One who strewed rushes on the floor at dances. [Obs.]
 B. Jonson.
 Rush"i*ness (?), n. [From Rushy.] The quality or state of abounding with rushes.

 Rush"ing*ly, adv. In a rushing manner.

 Rush"light' (?), n. A rush candle, or its light; hence, a small, feeble light.

 Rush"like' (?), a. Resembling a rush; weak.

 Rush"y (?), a. 1. Abounding with rushes.

2. Made of rushes.

 My rushy couch and frugal fare.

Goldsmith.
 Ru"sine (?), a. [NL. rusa, the name of the genus, Malay rsa deer.] (Zoöl.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rusa, which includes the sambur deer (Rusa Aristotelis) of India.

Rusine antler (Zoöl.), an antler with the brow tyne simple, and the beam forked at the tip.

 Rusk (?), n. [Sp. rosca de mar sea rusks, a kind of biscuit, rosca properly meaning, a screw, spiral.] 1. A kind of light, soft bread made with yeast and eggs, often toasted or crisped in an oven; or, a kind of sweetened biscuit.

2. A kind of light, hard cake or bread, as for stores. Smart.
3. Bread or cake which has been made brown and crisp, and afterwards grated, or pulverized in a mortar.

 Rus"ma (?), n. [Corrupt. from Turk. khyryzma a paste used as a depilatory, fr. Gr. &?; an unguent; cf. F. rusma.] A depilatory made of orpiment and quicklime, and used by the Turks. See Rhusma.

 Russ (?), n. sing. & pl. 1. A Russian, or the Russians.
 [Rare, except in poetry.]

2. The language of the Russians.

 Russ, a. Of or pertaining to the Russians.

 Rus"set (?), a. [F. rousset, dim. of roux red, L. russus (for rudtus, rudhtus), akin to E. red. See Red, and cf. Roussette.]


acious.

 Our common prints would clear up their understandings. Addison 5. To free from impediment or incumbrance, from defilement, or from anything injurious, useless, or offensive; as, to clear land of trees or brushwood, or from stones; to clear the sight or the voice; to clear one's self from debt; -- often used with of, off, away, or out.

Clear your mind of cant. Dr. Johnson.
 A statue lies hid in a block of marble; and the art of the statuary only clears away the superfluous matter. Addison.
6. To free from the imputation of guilt; to justify, vindicate, or acquit; -- often used with from before the thing imputed.

 I... am sure he will clear me from partiality. Dryden.
 How! wouldst thou clear rebellion? Addison.
7. To leap or pass by, or over, without touching or failure; as, to clear a hedge; to clear a reef.

8. To gain without deduction; to net.

 The profit which she cleared on the cargo. Macaulay.
To clear a ship at the customhouse, to exhibit the documents required by law, give bonds, or perform other acts requisite, and procure a permission to sail, and such papers as the law requires. -- To clear a ship for action, or To clear for action (Naut.), to remove incumbrances from the decks, and prepare for an engagement. -- To clear the land (Naut.), to gain such a distance from shore as to have sea room, and be out of danger from the land. -- To clear hawse (Naut.), to disentangle the cables when twisted. -- To clear up, to explain; to dispel, as doubts, cares or fears.

 Clear (klr), v. i. 1. To become free from clouds or fog; to become fair; -- often followed by up, off, or away.

 So foul a sky clears not without a storm. Shak.
 Advise him to stay till the weather clears up. Swift.
2. To disengage one's self from incumbrances, distress, or entanglements; to become free. [Obs.]

 He that clears at once will relapse; for finding himself out of straits, he will revert to his customs; but he that cleareth by degrees induceth a habit of frugality. Bacon.
3. (Banking) To make exchanges of checks and bills, and settle balances, as is done in a clearing house.

4. To obtain a clearance; as, the steamer cleared for Liverpool to-day.

To clear out, to go or run away; to depart. [Colloq.]

 Clear"age (?), n. The act of removing anything; clearance. [R.]

 Clear"ance (-ans), n. 1. The act of clearing; as, to make a thorough clearance.

2. A certificate that a ship or vessel has been cleared at the customhouse; permission to sail.

 Every ship was subject to seizure for want of stamped clearances.
Durke 3. Clear or net profit. Trollope.
4. (Mach.) The distance by which one object clears another, as the distance between the piston and cylinder head at the end of a stroke in a steam engine, or the least distance between the point of a cogwheel tooth and the bottom of a space between teeth of a wheel with which it engages.

Clearance space (Steam engine), the space inclosed in one end of the cylinder, between the valve or valves and the piston, at the beginning of a stroke; waste room. It includes the space caused by the piston's clearance and the space in ports, passageways, etc. Its volume is often expressed as a certain proportion of the volume swept by the piston in a single stroke.

 Clear"-cut' (?), a. 1. Having a sharp, distinct outline, like that of a cameo.

 She has... a cold and clear-cut face. Tennyson.
2. Concisely and distinctly expressed.

 Clear"ed*ness (?), n. The quality of being cleared.

 Imputed by his friends to the clearedness, by his foes to the searedness, of his conscience. T. Fuller.
 Clear"er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, clears.

 Gold is a wonderful clearer of the understanding. Addison.
2. (Naut.) A tool of which the hemp for lines and twines, used by sailmakers, is finished.

 Clear"-head'ed (klr"hd'd), a. Having a clear understanding; quick of perception; intelligent. "He was laborious and clearheaded."
 Macaulay.
 -- Clear"-head'ed*ness, n. Clear"ing, n. 1. The act or process of making clear.

 The better clearing of this point. South.
2. A tract of land cleared of wood for cultivation.

 A lonely clearing on the shores of Moxie Lake. J. Burroughs.
3. A method adopted by banks and bankers for making an exchange of checks held by each against the others, and settling differences of accounts.

 In England, a similar method has been adopted by railroads for adjusting their accounts with each other.

4. The gross amount of the balances adjusted in the clearing house.

Clearing house, the establishment where the business of clearing is carried on. See above, 3.

 Clear"ly, adv. In a clear manner.

 Clear"ness, n. The quality or state of being clear.

Syn. -- Clearness, Perspicuity. Clearness has reference to our ideas, and springs from a distinct conception of the subject under consideration. Perspicuity has reference to the mode of expressing our ideas and belongs essentially to style. Hence we speak of a writer as having clear ideas, a clear arrangement, and perspicuous phraseology. We do at times speak of a person's having great clearness of style; but in such cases we are usually thinking of the clearness of his ideas as manifested in language. "Whenever men think clearly, and are thoroughly interested, they express themselves with perspicuity and force." Robertson.
 Clear"-see'ing (?), a. Having a clear physical or mental vision; having a clear understanding.

 Clear"-shin'ing (?), a. Shining brightly. Shak.
 Clear"-sight'ed (-st'd), a. Seeing with clearness; discerning; as, clear-sighted reason.

 Clear"-sight'ed*ness, n. Acute discernment.

 Clear"starch' (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Clearstarched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Clearstraching.] To stiffen with starch, and then make clear by clapping with the hands; as, to clearstarch muslin.

 Clear"starch'er (?), n. One who clearstarches.

 { Clear"sto'ry (?), Clere"sto'ry, } n. (Arch.) The upper story of the nave of a church, containing windows, and rising above the aisle roofs.

 Clear"wing' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A lepidopterous insect with partially transparent wings, of the family Ægeriadæ, of which the currant and peach-tree borers are examples.

 Cleat (klt), n. [OE. clete wedge; cf. D. kloot ball, Ger. kloss, klotz, lump. clod, MHG. klz lump, ball, wedge, OHG. chlz ball, round mass.]

1. (Carp.) A strip of wood or iron fastened on transversely to something in order to give strength, prevent warping, hold position, etc.

2. (Naut.) A device made of wood or metal, having two arms, around which turns


altic salts. -- Roseo-cobaltic compounds (Chem.), an extensive series of complex red compounds of cobalt and ammonia. Modifications of these are the purpureo-cobaltic compounds.

 Co'balt*if"er*ous (?), a. [Cobalt + -ferous.] (Min.)
 Containing cobalt.

 { Co"balt*ine (?), Co"balt*ite (?) } n. (Min.) A mineral of a nearly silver-white color, composed of arsenic, sulphur, and cobalt.

 Co*balt"ous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; -- said esp. of cobalt compounds in which the metal has its lower valence.

Cobaltous chloride, a crystalline compound, CoCl2, of a pale rose color when hydrous, blue when dehydrated. Its solution is used for a sympathetic ink, the writing being nearly colorless when dried in the air, owing to absorbed moisture, and becoming bright blue when warmed.

 Cob"bing (?), a. Haughty; purse-proud. See Cob, n., 2.
 [Obs.] Withals (1608).
 Cob"ble (?), n. A fishing boat. See Coble.

 Cob"ble, n. [From Cob a lump. See Cob, n., 9, and cf. Copple, Copplestone.] 1. A cobblestone. "Their slings held cobbles round." Fairfax.
2. pl. Cob coal. See under Cob.

 Cob"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cobbled (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Cobbling (?).] [OF. cobler, copler, to join or knit together, couple, F. coupler, L. copulare to couple, join. Cf. Couple, n. & v. t.] 1. To make or mend coarsely; to patch; to botch; as, to cobble shoes. Shak. "A cobbled saddle." Thackeray.
2. To make clumsily. "Cobbled rhymes." Dryden.
3. To pave with cobblestones.

 Cob"bler (?), n. 1. A mender of shoes. Addison.
2. A clumsy workman. Shak.
3. A beverage. See Sherry cobbler, under Sherry.

Cobbler fish (Zoöl.), a marine fish (Blepharis crinitus) of the Atlantic. The name alludes to its threadlike fin rays.

 Cob"ble*stone' (?), n. A large pebble; a rounded stone not too large to be handled; a small boulder; -- used for paving streets and for other purposes.

 Cob"by (?), a. [From Cob, n.] 1. Headstrong; obstinate. [Obs.] Brockett.
2. Stout; hearty; lively. [Obs.]

 Co'bel*lig"er*ent (?), a. Carrying on war in conjunction with another power.

 Co'bel*lig"er*ent, n. A nation or state that carries on war in connection with another.

 Co"bi*a (?), n. (Zoöl.) An oceanic fish of large size (Elacate canada); the crabeater; -- called also bonito, cubbyyew, coalfish, and sergeant fish.

 Cob"i'ron (?), n. [From Cob the top.] An andiron with a knob at the top. Bacon.
 Co'bish"op (?), n. A joint or coadjutant bishop. Ayliffe.
 Co"ble (?), n. [AS. cuopel; cf. W. ceubal skiff, ferryboat.] A flat-floored fishing boat with a lug sail, and a drop rudder extending from two to four feet below the keel. It was originally used on the stormy coast of Yorkshire, England.

 Cob"nut' (?), n. 1. (Com.) A large roundish variety of the cultivated hazelnut.

2. A game played by children with nuts.

 Co*boose" (?), n. See Caboose.

 Co"bourg (?), n. [Named from the town of Coburg in Germany.]
 A thin worsted fabric for women's dresses.

 Co"bra (?), n. See Copra.

 Co"bra, n. The cobra de capello.

 ||Co"bra de ca*pel"lo (?). [Pg., serpent of the hood.] (Zoöl.)
 The hooded snake (Naia tripudians), a highly venomous serpent inhabiting India.

 Cob"stone' (?), n. Cobblestone. [Prov. Eng.]

 Cob"swan' (?), n. A large swan. B. Jonson.
 Cob"wall' (?), n. [Cob clay mixed with straw + wall.]
 A wall made of clay mixed with straw.

 Cob"web' (?), n. [Cob a spider + web.] 1. The network spread by a spider to catch its prey.

2. A snare of insidious meshes designed to catch the ignorant and unwary.

 I can not but lament thy splendid wit Entangled in the cobwebs of the schools. Cowper.
3. That which is thin and unsubstantial, or flimsy and worthless; rubbish.

 The dust and cobwebs of that uncivil age. Sir P. Sidney.
4. (Zoöl.) The European spotted flycatcher.

Cobweb lawn, a fine linen, mentioned in 1640 as being in pieces of fifteen yards. Beck. Draper's Dict.
 Such a proud piece of cobweb lawn. Beau. & Fl.
 -- Cobweb micrometer, a micrometer in which threads of cobweb are substituted for wires.

 Cob"webbed' (?), a. Abounding in cobwebs. "The cobwebbed cottage." Young.
 Cob"web'by (?), a. Abounding in cobwebs, or any fine web; resembling a cobweb.

 Cob"work' (?), a. Built of logs, etc., laid horizontally, with the ends dovetailed together at the corners, as in a log house; in marine work, often surrounding a central space filled with stones; as, a cobwork dock or breakwater.

 Co"ca (?), n. [Sp., fr. native name.] The dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon Coca). In med., called Erythroxylon.

 Coca leaves resemble tea leaves in size, shape, and odor, and are chewed (with an alkali) by natives of Peru and Bolivia to impart vigor in prolonged exertion, or to sustain strength in absence of food.

Mexican coca, an American herb (Richardsonia scabra), yielding a nutritious fodder. Its roots are used as a substitute for ipecacuanha.

 Coc*agne" (?), n. [F. cocagne, pays de cocagne; of uncertian origin, cf. Prov. F. couque cake, Catal. coca, L. coquere to cook; as if the houses in this country were covered with cakes. Cf. Cook, Cockney.] 1. An imaginary country of idleness and luxury.

2. The land of cockneys; cockneydom; -- a term applied to London and its suburbs. Smart.
 Co"ca*ine (?), n. (Chem.) A powerful alkaloid, C17H21NO4, obtained from the leaves of coca. It is a bitter, white, crystalline substance, and is remarkable for producing local insensibility to pain.

 Coc*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. coccum a berry + -ferous.
 See Coccus.] Bearing or producing berries; bacciferous; as, cocciferous trees or plants.

 ||Coc'ci*nel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. c


I have maintained that salamander of yours with fire any time this two and thirty years.

Shak.
 Whereas it is commonly said that a salamander extinguisheth fire, we have found by experience that on hot coals, it dieth immediately.

Sir T. Browne.
2. (Zoöl.) The pouched gopher (Geomys tuza) of the Southern United States.

3. A culinary utensil of metal with a plate or disk which is heated, and held over pastry, etc., to brown it.

4. A large poker. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
5. (Metal.) Solidified material in a furnace hearth.

Giant salamander. (Zoöl.) See under Giant. -- Salamander's hair or wool (Min.), a species of asbestus or mineral flax.
 [Obs.] Bacon.
 ||Sal'a*man*dri"na (?), n.; pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A suborder of Urodela, comprising salamanders.

 Sal'a*man"drine (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a salamander; enduring fire. Addison.
 Sal'a*man"droid (?), a. [Salamander + -oid.] (Zoöl.)
 Like or pertaining to the salamanders.

 ||Sal'a*man*droi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A division of Amphibia including the Salamanders and allied groups; the Urodela.

 Sal"am*stone' (? or?), n. (Min.) A kind of blue sapphire brought from Ceylon. Dana.
 Sa*lan"ga*na (?), n. The salagane.

 Sal"a*ried (?), a. Receiving a salary; paid by a salary; having a salary attached; as, a salaried officer; a salaried office.

 Sal"a*ry (?), a. [L. salarius.] Saline [Obs.]

 Sal"a*ry (?), n.; pl. Salaries (#). [F. salaire, L. salarium, originally, salt money, the money given to the Roman soldiers for salt, which was a part of their pay, fr. salarius belonging to salt, fr. sal salt. See Salt.] The recompense or consideration paid, or stipulated to be paid, to a person at regular intervals for services; fixed wages, as by the year, quarter, or month; stipend; hire.

 This is hire and salary, not revenge.

Shak.
 Recompense for services paid at, or reckoned by, short intervals, as a day or week, is usually called wages.

Syn. -- Stipend; pay; wages; hire; allowance.

 Sal"a*ry v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salaried (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Salarying (?).] To pay, or agree to pay, a salary to; to attach salary to; as, to salary a clerk; to salary a position.

 Sale (?), n. See 1st Sallow. [Obs.] Spenser.
 Sale, n. [Icel. sala, sal, akin to E. sell.
 See Sell, v. t.] 1. The act of selling; the transfer of property, or a contract to transfer the ownership of property, from one person to another for a valuable consideration, or for a price in money.

2. Opportunity of selling; demand; market.

 They shall have ready sale for them.

Spenser.
3. Public disposal to the highest bidder, or exposure of goods in market; auction. Sir W. Temple.
Bill of sale. See under Bill. -- Of sale, On sale, For sale, to be bought or sold; offered to purchasers; in the market. -- To set to sale, to offer for sale; to put up for purchase; to make merchandise of. [Obs.] Milton.
 Sale"a*ble (?), a., Sale"a*bly, adv., etc. See Salable, Salably, etc.

 Sal"eb (?), n. (Med.) See Salep.

 Sal'e*bros"i*ty (?), n. Roughness or ruggedness. [Obs.] Feltham.
 Sal"e*brous (?), a. [L. salebrosus, fr. salebra a rugged road, fr. salire to leap.] Rough; rugged. [Obs.]

 Sal"ep (sl"p), n. [Ar. sahleb, perhaps a corruption of an Arabic word for fox, one Ar. name of the orchis signifying literally, fox's testicles: cf. F. salep.] [Written also saleb, salop, and saloop.] The dried tubers of various species of Orchis, and Eulophia. It is used to make a nutritious beverage by treating the powdered preparation with hot water. U. S. Disp.
 Sal'e*ra"tus (?), n. [NL. sal aëratus; -- so called because it is a source of fixed air (carbon dioxide). See Sal, and and Aërated.]
 (Old Chem.) Aërated salt; a white crystalline substance having an alkaline taste and reaction, consisting of sodium bicarbonate (see under Sodium.) It is largely used in cooking, with sour milk (lactic acid) or cream of tartar as a substitute for yeast. It is also an ingredient of most baking powders, and is used in the preparation of effervescing drinks.

 Sales"man (slz"man), n.; pl. Salesmen (-men).
 [Sale + man.] One who sells anything; one whose occupation is to sell goods or merchandise.

 Sales"wom'an (?), n.; pl. Saleswomen (&?;). A woman whose occupation is to sell goods or merchandise.

 Sale"work' (?), n. Work or things made for sale; hence, work done carelessly or slightingly. Shak.
 Sa"lian (?), a. Denoting a tribe of Franks who established themselves early in the fourth century on the river Sala [now Yssel]; Salic. -- n. A Salian Frank.

 Sa"li*ant (?), a. (Her.) Same as Salient.

 Sal"i*aunce (?), a. [See Sally.] Salience; onslaught. [Obs.] "So fierce saliaunce." Spenser.
 Sal"ic (sl"k), a. [F. salique, fr. the Salian Franks, who, in the fifth century, formed a body of laws called in Latin leges Salicæ.] Of or pertaining to the Salian Franks, or to the Salic law so called. [Also salique.]

Salic law. (a) A code of laws formed by the Salian Franks in the fifth century. By one provision of this code women were excluded from the inheritance of landed property. (b) Specifically, in modern times, a law supposed to be a special application of the above-mentioned provision, in accordance with which males alone can inherit the throne.
 This law has obtained in France, and at times in other countries of Europe, as Spain.

 Sal'i*ca"ceous (sl'*k"shs), a. [L. salix, -icis, the willow.] Belonging or relating to the willow.

 Sal"i*cin (?), n. [L. salix, - icis, a willow: cf. F. salicine. See Sallow the tree.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in the bark and leaves of several species of willow (Salix) and poplar, and extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance.

 Sal"i*cyl (?), n. [Salicin + - yl.] (Chem.)
 The hypothetical radical of salicylic acid and of certain related compounds.

 Sal"i*cyl'al (?), n. [Salicylic + aldehide.] (Chem.)
 A thin, fragrant, colorless oil, HO.C6H4.CHO, found in the flowers of meadow sweet (Spiræa), and also obtained by oxidation of salicin, saligenin, etc. It reddens on exposure. Called also salicylol, salicylic aldehyde, and formerly


, glide obscure.

Milton.
3. To conceal by enveloping or infolding; to hide; hence, to involve, as an effect or consequence; to be followed by.

 Wise poets that wrap truth in tales.

Carew.
To be wrapped up in, to be wholly engrossed in; to be entirely dependent on; to be covered with.

 Leontine's young wife, in whom all his happiness was wrapped up, died in a few days after the death of her daughter.

Addison.
 Things reflected on in gross and transiently... are thought to be wrapped up in impenetrable obscurity.

Locke.
 Wrap, n. A wrapper; — often used in the plural for blankets, furs, shawls, etc., used in riding or traveling.

 Wrap"page (?; 48), n. 1. The act of wrapping.

2. That which wraps; envelope; covering.

 Wrap"per (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, wraps.

2. That in which anything is wrapped, or inclosed; envelope; covering.

3. Specifically, a loose outer garment; an article of dress intended to be wrapped round the person; as, a morning wrapper; a gentleman's wrapper.

 Wrap"ras'cal (?), n. A kind of coarse upper coat, or overcoat, formerly worn.

 Wrasse (?), n. [W. gwrachen.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous edible, marine, spiny-finned fishes of the genus Labrus, of which several species are found in the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic coast of Europe. Many of the species are bright-colored.

 Among the European species are the ballan wrasse (Labrus maculatus), the streaked wrasse (L. lineatus), the red wrasse (L. mixtus), the comber wrasse (L. comber), the blue-striped, or cook, wrasse (see Peacock fish, under Peacock), the rainbow wrasse (L. vulgaris), and the seawife.

 Wras"tle (?), v. i. [OE. wrastlen. See Wrestle.] To wrestle.
 [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]

 Who wrastleth best naked, with oil enoint.

Chaucer.
 Wrath (?; 277), n. [OE. wrathe, wraþþe, wrethe, wræððe, AS. wrððo, fr.
 wrð wroth; akin to Icel. reiði wrath. See Wroth, a.]

1. Violent anger; vehement exasperation; indignation; rage; fury; ire.

Wrath is a fire, and jealousy a weed.

Spenser.
 When the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased.

Esther ii. 1.
 Now smoking and frothing Its tumult and wrath in.

Southey.
2. The effects of anger or indignation; the just punishment of an offense or a crime. "A revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil." Rom. xiii. 4.
Syn. — Anger; fury; rage; ire; vengeance; indignation; resentment; passion. See Anger.

 Wrath, a. See Wroth. [Obs.]

 Wrath, v. t. To anger; to enrage; — also used impersonally. [Obs.]
 "I will not wrathen him." Chaucer.
 If him wratheth, be ywar and his way shun.

Piers Plowman.
 Wrath"ful (?), a. 1. Full of wrath; very angry; greatly incensed; ireful; passionate; as, a wrathful man.

2. Springing from, or expressing, wrath; as, a wrathful countenance. "Wrathful passions." Sprat.
Syn. — Furious; raging; indignant; resentful.

 — Wrath"ful*ly, adv. — Wrath"ful*ness, n. Wrath"i*ly (?), adv. In a wrathy manner; very angrily; wrathfully.
 [Colloq.]

 Wrath"less, a. Free from anger or wrath. Waller.
 Wrath"y (?), a. Very angry. [Colloq.]

 Wraw (?), a. [Cf. dial. Sw. vrå willful, disobedient.]
 Angry; vexed; wrathful. [Obs.]

 With this speech the cock wex wroth and wraw.

Chaucer.
 Wraw"ful (?), a. Ill-tempered. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Wrawl (?), v. i. [Cf. Dan. vraale, Sw. vråla to brawl, to roar, Dan. vraal a bawling, roaring, vræle to cry, weep, whine.] To cry, as a cat; to waul. [Obs.] Spenser.
 Wraw"ness (?), n. Peevishness; ill temper; anger. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Wray (?), v. t. [AS. wr&?;gan to accuse. See Bewray.] To reveal; to disclose. [Obs.]

 To no wight thou shalt this counsel wray.

Chaucer.
 Wreak (?), v. i. To reck; to care. [Obs.] Shak.
 Wreak (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wreaked (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Wreaking.] [OE. wrek&?;&?; to revenge, punish, drive out, AS. wrecan; akin to OFries. wreka, OS. wrekan to punish, D. wreken to avenge, G. rächen, OHG. rehhan, Icel. reka to drive, to take vengeance, Goth. wrikan to persecute, Lith. vargas distress, vargti to suffer distress, L. urgere to drive, urge, Gr. &?; to shut, Skr. &?; to turn away. Cf. Urge, Wreck, Wretch.]

1. To revenge; to avenge. [Archaic] He should wreake him on his foes.

Chaucer.
 Another's wrongs to wreak upon thyself.

Spenser.
 Come wreak his loss, whom bootless ye complain.

Fairfax.
2. To execute in vengeance or passion; to inflict; to hurl or drive; as, to wreak vengeance on an enemy.

 On me let Death wreak all his rage.

Milton.
 Now was the time to be avenged on his old enemy, to wreak a grudge of seventeen years.

Macaulay.
 But gather all thy powers, And wreak them on the verse that thou dost weave.

Bryant.
 Wreak, n. [Cf. AS. wræc exile, persecution, misery.
 See Wreak, v. t.] Revenge; vengeance; furious passion; resentment.
 [Obs.] Shak. Spenser.
 Wreak"en (?), obs. p. p. of Wreak. Chaucer.
 Wreak"er (?), n. [See Wreak.] Avenger. [Obs.]

 The stork, the wrekere of avouterye [adultery].

Chaucer.
 Wreak"ful (?), a. Revengeful; angry; furious. [Obs.] — Wreak"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.]

 Wreak"less, a. Unrevengeful; weak. [Obs.]

 Wreath (?; 277), n.; pl. Wreaths (#). [OE. wrethe, AS. wrð a twisted band, fr. wrðan to twist. See Writhe.]

1. Something twisted, intertwined, or curled; as, a wreath of smoke; a wreath of flowers. "A wrethe of gold." Chaucer.
 [He] of his tortuous train Curled many a


, the theory or practice of any of several groups of recent painters, or of these groups taken collectively, whose work and theories have in common a tendency to reaction against the scientific and naturalistic character of impressionism and neo-impressionism. In a strict sense the term postimpressionism is used to denote the effort at self-expression, rather than representation, shown in the work of Cézanne, Matisse, etc.; but it is more broadly used to include cubism, the theory or practice of a movement in both painting and sculpture which lays stress upon volume as the important attribute of objects and attempts its expression by the use of geometrical figures or solids only; and futurism, a theory or practice which attempts to place the observer within the picture and to represent simultaneously a number of consecutive movements and impressions. In practice these theories and methods of the post-impressionists change with great rapidity and shade into one another, so that a picture may be both cubist and futurist in character. They tend to, and sometimes reach, a condition in which both representation and traditional decoration are entirely abolished and a work of art becomes a purely subjective expression in an arbitrary and personal language.

 Pot, v. t. 1. To shoot for the pot, i.e., cooking; to secure or hit by a pot shot; to shoot when no special skill is needed.

 When hunted, it [the jaguar] takes refuge in trees, and this habit is well known to hunters, who pursue it with dogs and pot it when treed.

Encyc. of Sport.
2. To secure; gain; win; bag. [Colloq.]

 Pot, v. i. To take a pot shot or shots, as at game or an enemy.

 Pot, n. 1. The total of the bets at stake at one time, as in racing or card playing; the pool; also (Racing, Eng.) a horse heavily backed; a favorite. [Slang] 2. (Armor) A plain defensive headpiece; later, and perhaps in a jocose sense, any helmet; -- called also pot helmet.

3. (Card Playing) The total of the bets at one time; the pool.

 ||Pot'-au'-feu" (?), n. [F., lit., pot on the fire.] (Cookery) A dish of broth, meat, and vegetables prepared by boiling in a pot, -- a dish esp. common among the French. Grant Allen.
 { Po*teen" (?), Po*theen" (?) }, n. [Ir. poitin a small pot, whisky made in private stills; cf. pota pot, fr. E. pot.]
 Whisky distilled in a small way privately or illicitly by the Irish peasantry.

 ||Po'tiche" (?), n.; pl. - tiches (#). [F., fr. pot a pot.] (Ceramics) A vase with a separate cover, the body usually rounded or polygonal in plan with nearly vertical sides, a neck of smaller size, and a rounded shoulder.

 Pot lace. Lace whose pattern includes one or more representations of baskets or bowls from which flowers spring.

 Pot"latch' (?), n. [Chinook potlatch, pahtlatch, fr.
 Nootka pahchilt, pachalt, a gift.] 1. Among the Kwakiutl, Chimmesyan, and other Indians of the northwestern coast of North America, a ceremonial distribution by a man of gifts to his own and neighboring tribesmen, often, formerly, to his own impoverishment.
 Feasting, dancing, and public ceremonies accompany it.

2. Hence, a feast given to a large number of persons, often accompanied by gifts. [Colloq., Northwestern America] Pot lead. Graphite, or black lead, often used on the bottoms of racing vessels to diminish friction.

 Pot shot. Lit., a shot fired simply to fill the pot; hence, a shot fired at an animal or person when at rest or within easy range, or fired simply to kill, without reference to the rules of sport; a shot needling no special skill.

 { Pouf Pouffe } (pf), n. [Written also pouff.] [F. pouf.
 Cf. Puff, n.] Lit., a puff; specif.: (a) A soft cushion, esp. one circular in shape and not, like a pilow, of bag form, or thin at the edges. (b) A piece of furniture like an ottoman, generally circular and affording cushion seats on all sides.

 Pou*lard" (p*lärd"), n. [F. poularde pullet, fr. poule hen. See Pullet.] (Zoöl.) A pullet from which the ovaries have been removed to produce fattening; hence, a fat pullet.

 ||Pousse"-ca'fé" (?), n. [F., fr. pousser to push + café coffee.] A drink served after coffee at dinner, usually one of several liqueurs, or cordials, of different specific gravities poured so as to remain separate in layers; hence, such a drink of cordials served at any time.

 ||Pou sto (p st; pou st). [Gr. poy^ stw^ where I may stand; -- from the reputed saying of Archimedes, "Give me where I may stand and I will move the whole world with my steelyard."] A place to stand upon; a locus standi; hence, a foundation or basis for operations.

 ||Prac"ti*co (?), n.; pl. Practicos (#). [Sp., lit., experienced, skilled. Cf. Practical.] A guide. [Cuba & Phil. Islands] D. C. Worcester.
 Prai"rie State. Illinois; -- a nickname.

 Pra"line (prä"ln), n. [F.] A confection made of nut kernels, usually of almonds, roasted in boiling sugar until brown and crisp.

 Bonbons, pralines,... saccharine, crystalline substances of all kinds and colors.

Du Maurier.
 ||Prall"tril'ler (?), n.; G. pl. -triller. [G.] (Music) A melodic embellishment consisting of the quick alternation of a principal tone with an auxiliary tone above it, usually the next of the scale; -- called also the inverted mordente.

 Pre'ad*mis"sion (?), n. Lit., previous admission; specif. (Engin.), admission, as of steam, to the engine cylinder before the back stroke is completed, thus increasing the cushioning.

 ||Pré'cieuse", n. An affected woman of polite society, esp.
 one of the literary women of the French salons of the 17th century.

 Pre'ci*os"i*ty (?), n.; pl. - ties (#). [F. préciosité, OF. also precieuseté.] Fastidious refinement, esp. in language; specif., the affected purism and sententiousness characteristic of the French précieuses of the 17th century.

 He had the fastidiousness, the preciosity, the love of archaisms, of your true decadent.

L. Douglas.
 Pre"cious (?), a. Particular; fastidious; overnice; overrefined.
 Cf. Précieuse, Preciosity.

 Lest that precious folk be with me wroth.

Chaucer.
 Elaborate embroidery of precious language.

Saintsbury.
 Pre*cip'i*ta"tion, n. (Meteor.) A deposit on the earth of hail, mist, rain, sleet, or snow; also, the quantity of water deposited.

 Deposits of dew, fog, and frost are not regarded by the United States Weather Bureau as precipitation. Sleet and snow are melted, and the record of precipitation shows the depth of the horizontal layers of water in hundredths of an inch or in millimeters.

 Preferential


. p. Reined (r?nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Reining.] 1. To govern or direct with the reins; as, to rein a horse one way or another.

 He mounts and reins his horse.

Chapman.
2. To restrain; to control; to check.

 Being once chafed, he can not Be reined again to temperance.

Shak.
To rein in or rein up, to check the speed of, or cause to stop, by drawing the reins.

 Rein, v. i. To be guided by reins. [R.] Shak.
 Re'in*au"gu*rate, v. t. To inaugurate anew.

 Re"in*cit" (-s?t"), v. t. To incite again.

 Re'in*cor"po*rate, v. t. To incorporate again.

 Re'in*crease" (-kr?s"), v. t. To increase again.

 Re'in*cur" (-k?r"), v. t. To incur again.

 Rein"deer' (r?n"d?r), n. [Icel. hreinn reindeer + E. deer.
 Icel. hreinn is of Lapp or Finnish origin; cf. Lappish reino pasturage.] [Formerly written also raindeer, and ranedeer.]
 (Zool.) Any ruminant of the genus Rangifer, of the Deer family, found in the colder parts of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres, and having long irregularly branched antlers, with the brow tines palmate.

 The common European species (R. tarandus) is domesticated in Lapland. The woodland reindeer or caribou (R. caribou) is found in Canada and Maine (see Caribou.) The Barren Ground reindeer or caribou (R. Grœnlandicus), of smaller size, is found on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, in both hemispheries.

Reindeer moss (Bot.), a gray branching lichen (Cladonia rangiferina) which forms extensive patches on the ground in arctic and even in north temperature regions. It is the principal food of the Lapland reindeer in winter. -- Reindeer period (Geol.), a name sometimes given to a part of the Paleolithic era when the reindeer was common over Central Europe.

 Re'in*duce" (r?'?n*d?s"), v. t. To induce again.

 Rei*nette" (r?*n?t"), n. [F. See 1st Rennet.] (Bot.) A name given to many different kinds of apples, mostly of French origin.

 Re'in*fect" (r?'?n*f?kt), v. t. [Pref. re- + infect: cf. F. réinfecter.] To infect again.

 Re'in*fec"tious (-f?k"sh?s), a. Capable of reinfecting.

 Re'in*force" (-f?rs"), v. t. See Reënforce, v. t. Re'in*force", n. See Reënforce, n. Re'in*force"ment (-ment), n. See Reënforcement.

 Re'in*fund" (-f?nd"), v. i. [Pref. re- + L. infundere to pour in.] To flow in anew. [Obs.] Swift.
 Re'in*gra"ti*ate (-gr?"sh?*?t), v. t. To ingratiate again or anew.
 Sir. T. Herbert.
 Re'in*hab"it (-h?b"?t), v. t. To inhabit again. Mede.
 Rein"less (r?n"l?s), a. Not having, or not governed by, reins; hence, not checked or restrained.

 Reins (rnz), n. pl. [F. rein, pl. reins, fr. L. ren, pl. renes.] 1. The kidneys; also, the region of the kidneys; the loins.

2. The inward impulses; the affections and passions; -- so called because formerly supposed to have their seat in the part of the body where the kidneys are.

 My reins rejoice, when thy lips speak right things.

Prov. xxiii. 16.
 I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts.

Rev. ii. 23.
Reins of a vault (Arch.), the parts between the crown and the spring or abutment, including, and having especial reference to, the loading or filling behind the shell of the vault. The reins are to a vault nearly what the haunches are to an arch, and when a vault gives way by thrusting outward, it is because its reins are not sufficiently filled up.

 Re'in*sert" (r?'?n*s?rt"), v. t. To insert again.

 Re'in*ser"tion (-s?r"sh?n), n. The act of reinserting.

 Re'in*spect" (-sp?kt"), v. t. To inspect again.

 Re'in*spec"tion (-sp?k"sh?n), n. The act of reinspecting.

 Re'in*spire" (-sp?r"), v. t. To inspire anew. Milton.
 Re'in*spir"it (-sp'r"?t), v. t. To give fresh spirit to.

 Re'in*stall" (-st?l"), v. t. [Pref. re- + install: cf. F. réinstaller.] To install again. Milton.
 Re'in*stall"ment (-ment), n. A renewed installment.

 Re'in*state" (-st?t"), v. t. To place again in possession, or in a former state; to restore to a state from which one had been removed; to instate again; as, to reinstate a king in the possession of the kingdom.

 For the just we have said already thet some of them were reinstated in their pristine happiness and felicity.

Glanvill.
 Re'in*state"ment (-ment), n. The act of reinstating; the state of being reinstated; re&?;stablishment.

 Re'in*sta"tion (-st?"sh?n), n. Reinstatement. [R.]

 Re'in*struct" (-str?kt"), v. t. To instruct anew.

 Re'in*sur"ance (-sh?r"ans), n. 1. Insurance a second time or again; renewed insurance.

2. A contract by which an insurer is insured wholly or in part against the risk he has incurred in insuring somebody else. See Reassurance.

 Re'in*sure" (-sh?r"), v. t. 1. To insure again after a former insuranse has ceased; to renew insurance on.

2. To insure, as life or property, in favor of one who has taken an insurance risk upon it.

 The innsurer may cause the property insured to be reinsured by other persons.

Walsh.
 Re'in*sur"er (-sh?r"?r), n. One who gives reinsurance.

 Re*in"te*grate (r?*?n"t?*gr?t), v. t. [Pref. re- + integrate.
 Cf. Redintegrate.] To renew with regard to any state or quality; to restore; to bring again together into a whole, as the parts off anything; to reëstablish; as, to reintegrate a nation. Bacon.
 Re*in'te*gra"tion (-gr?"sh?n), n. A renewing, or making whole again. See Redintegration.

 Re'in*ter" (r?'?n*t?r"), v. t. To inter again.

 Re'in*ter"ro*gate (-t?r"r?*g?t), v. t. To interrogate again; to question repeatedly. Cotgrave.
 Re'in*throne" (-thr?n


-Bundukáni = the cross-bow man, or rather the man of the pellet-bow was, according to the Ráwí, the name by which the Caliph was known in this disguise. Al-Zahir Baybars alBundukdárí, the fourth Baharite Soldan (A.D. 1260-77), was so entitled because he had been a slave to a Bundukdár, an officer who may be called the Grand Master of Artillery. In Chavis and Cazotte the Caliph arms himself with a spear, takes a bow and arrow (instead of the pellet-bow that named him), disguises his complexion, dyes beard and eyebrows, dons a large coarse turband, a buff waistcoat with a broad leathern belt, a short robe of common stuff and half-boots of strong coarse leather, and thus "assumes the garb of an Arab from the desert." (!)]

 116 (return) [ See vol. i. 266.]

 117 (return) [ i.e. by the Archangel Gabriel.]

 118 (return) [ Arab. "Habbah" = a grain (of barley, etc.), an obolus, a mite: it is also used for a gold bead in the shape of a cube forming part of the Egyptian woman's headdress (Lane M.E., Appendix A). As a weight it is the 48th of a dirham, the third of a kírát (carat) or 127/128 of an English grain, avoir.]

 119 (return) [ In text "Mahmá" = as often as = kullu-má. This is the eleventh question of the twelve in Al-Hariri, Ass. xxiv., and the sixth of Ass. xxxvi. The former runs, "What is the noun (kullumá) which gives no sense except by the addition thereto of two words, or the shortening thereof to two letters (i.e. má); and in the first case there is adhesion and in the second compulsion?"
 (Chenery, pp. 246-253).]

 120 (return) [ In Chavis and Cazotte he looks through the key-hole which an Eastern key does not permit, the holes being in the bolt. See Index, Suppl. vol. v.]

 121 (return) [ In text "Kábal-ki," which I suspect to be a clerical error for "Kátal-ki" = Allah strike thee dead. See vol. iv. 264, 265. (One of the meanings of "Mukábalah," the third form of "kabila," is "requital," "retaliation." The words in the text could therefore be translated: "may God requite thee."—ST.)]

 122 (return) [ In Chavis and Cazotte she swears "by the name of God which is written on our Great Prophet's forehead."]

 123 (return) [ Arab. "Yá Luss"; for this word = the Gr. {Greek}; see Suppl. vol. v. index.]

 124 (return) [ "Al-Nátúr," the keeper, esp. of a vineyard, a word naturalized in Persian. The Caliph asks, Is this a bon> fide affair and hast thou the power to settle the matter definitely? M. Houdas translates as Les raisins sont-ils à toi, ou bien es-tu seulement la gardienne de la vigne? (The verb záraba, 3rd form, followed by the accusative, means "to join one in partnership." The sense of the passage seems therefore to be: Dost thou own grapes thyself, or art thou ("tuzáribí," 2 fem. sing.) in partnership with the vineyard-keeper.
 The word may be chosen because it admits of another interpretation, the double entendre of which might be kept up in English by using the expression "sleeping" partnership. Perhaps, however, "tuzáribí" means here simply: "Dost thou play the part of."—ST.)]

 125 (return) [ The innuendo is intelligible and I may draw attention to the humorous skill with which the mother-in-law's character is drawn.]

 126 (return) [ In text "Aská-hu 'alakah" = gave him a good sound drubbing ('alakah), as a robber would apply to a Judge had he the power.]

 127 (return) [ Lest he happen to meet an unveiled woman on the stairs; the usual precaution is to cry "Dastúr!"
 by your leave (Persian).]

 128 (return) [ Arab. "Khayr"—a word of good omen.]

 129 (return) [ In Chavis and Cazotte the mother gives her daughter's name as Zutulbé (?) and her own Lelamain (?).]

 130 (return) [ In text "Waliyah" or "Waliyáh" = and why?]

 131 (return) [ The "Wronged" (Al-Mazlúm) refers to the Caliph who was being abused and to his coming career as a son-in-law. Gauttier, who translates the tale very perfunctorily, has Dieu protège les malheureux et les orphelins (vii.
 133).]

 132 (return) [ This again is intended to show the masterful nature of the Caliph, and would be as much admired by the average coffeehouse audience as it would stir the bile of the free and independent Briton.]

 133 (return) [ The "Street of the Copperas-maker": the name, as usual, does not appear till further on in the tale.]

 134 (return) [ In text "Rukhám" = marble or alabaster, here used for building material: so "Murakhkhim" = a marble-cutter, means simply a stone-mason. I may here note the rediscovery of the porphyry quarries in Middle Egypt, and the gypsum a little inland of Ras Gharíb to the West of the Suez Gulf. Both were much used by the old Egyptians, and we may now fairly expect to rediscover the lost sites, about Tunis and elsewhere in Northern Africa, whence Rosso antico and other fine stones were quarried.]

 135 (return) [ Arab. "Al-Hásil" also meaning the taxes, the revenue.]

 136 (return) [ In text "Ká'ah" = a saloon: see vols. i. 85; i. 292; and vii. 167.]

 137 (return) [ In the sing.
 "Sikálah."]

 138 (return) [ The Jinn here was Curiosity, said to be a familiar of the sex feminine, but certainly not less intimate with "the opposite."]

 139 (return) [ In text "Kinnab" which M. Houdas translates étoupe que l'on fixe an bout d'un roseau pour blanchir les murs.]

 140 (return) [ Impossible here not to see a sly hit at the Caliph and the Caliphate.]

 141 (return) [ The writer has omitted this incident which occurs in Chavis and Cazotte.]

 142 (return) [ In the text, "Samd" = carpets and pots and pans.]

 143 (return) [ The Katá grouse (Tetrao alchata seu arenarius of Linn.) has often been noticed by me in Pilg. I.
 226 (where my indexer called it "sand goose") and in The Nights (vols. i.
 131;


. 38.
2. To squeeze, in order to extract the juice or contents of; to squeeze out, or express, from something.

 From sweet kernels pressed, She tempers dulcet creams.

Milton.
 And I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.

Gen. xl. 11.
3. To squeeze in or with suitable instruments or apparatus, in order to compact, make dense, or smooth; as, to press cotton bales, paper, etc.; to smooth by ironing; as, to press clothes.

4. To embrace closely; to hug.

 Leucothoe shook at these alarms, And pressed Palemon closer in her arms.

Pope.
5. To oppress; to bear hard upon.

Press not a falling man too far.

Shak.
6. To straiten; to distress; as, to be pressed with want or hunger.

7. To exercise very powerful or irresistible influence upon or over; to constrain; to force; to compel.

 Paul was pressed in the spirit, and testified to the Jews that Jesus was Christ.

Acts xviii. 5.
8. To try to force (something upon some one); to urge or inculcate with earnestness or importunity; to enforce; as, to press divine truth on an audience.

 He pressed a letter upon me within this hour.

Dryden.
 Be sure to press upon him every motive.

Addison.
9. To drive with violence; to hurry; to urge on; to ply hard; as, to press a horse in a race.

 The posts... went cut, being hastened and pressed on, by the king's commandment.

Esther viii. 14.
Press differs from drive and strike in usually denoting a slow or continued application of force; whereas drive and strike denote a sudden impulse of force.

Pressed brick. See under Brick.

 Press, v. i. 1. To exert pressure; to bear heavily; to push, crowd, or urge with steady force.

2. To move on with urging and crowding; to make one's way with violence or effort; to bear onward forcibly; to crowd; to throng; to encroach.

 They pressed upon him for to touch him.

Mark iii. 10.
3. To urge with vehemence or importunity; to exert a strong or compelling influence; as, an argument presses upon the judgment.

 Press, n. [F. presse. See 4th Press.] 1. An apparatus or machine by which any substance or body is pressed, squeezed, stamped, or shaped, or by which an impression of a body is taken; sometimes, the place or building containing a press or presses.

 Presses are differently constructed for various purposes in the arts, their specific uses being commonly designated; as, a cotton press, a wine press, a cider press, a copying press, etc.
 See Drill press.

2. Specifically, a printing press.

3. The art or business of printing and publishing; hence, printed publications, taken collectively, more especially newspapers or the persons employed in writing for them; as, a free press is a blessing, a licentious press is a curse.

4. An upright case or closet for the safe keeping of articles; as, a clothes press. Shak.
5. The act of pressing or thronging forward.

 In their throng and press to that last hold.

Shak.
6. Urgent demands of business or affairs; urgency; as, a press of engagements.

7. A multitude of individuals crowded together; &?; crowd of single things; a throng.

 They could not come nigh unto him for the press.

Mark ii. 4.
Cylinder press, a printing press in which the impression is produced by a revolving cylinder under which the form passes; also, one in which the form of type or plates is curved around a cylinder, instead of resting on a flat bed. -- Hydrostatic press. See under Hydrostatic.
 -- Liberty of the press, the free right of publishing books, pamphlets, or papers, without previous restraint or censorship, subject only to punishment for libelous, seditious, or morally pernicious matters.
 -- Press bed, a bed that may be folded, and inclosed, in a press or closet. Boswell. -- Press of sail, (Naut.), as much sail as the state of the wind will permit.

 Press"er (?), n. One who, or that which, presses.

Presser bar, or Presser wheel (Knitting machine), a bar or wheel which closes the barbs of the needles to enable the loops of the yarn to pass over them. -- Presser foot, the part of a sewing machine which rests on the cloth and presses it down upon the table of the machine.

 Press"gang' (?), n. See Press gang, under Press.

 Press"ing, a. Urgent; exacting; importunate; as, a pressing necessity. -- Press"ing*ly, adv.
 Pres"sion (?), n. [L. pressio: cf. F. pression. See 4th Press.] 1. The act of pressing; pressure. Sir I. Newton.
2. (Cartesian Philos.) An endeavor to move.

 Pres'si*ros"ter (?), n. [L. presssus pressed (p. p. of premere) + rostrum beak: cf. F. pressirostre. See 4th Press.] (Zoöl.)
 One of a tribe of wading birds (Pressirostres) including those which have a compressed beak, as the plovers.

 Pres'si*ros"tral (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the pressirosters.

 Pres"si*tant (?), a. [See 4th Press.] Gravitating; heavy. [Obs.] Dr.
 H. More.
 Pres"sive (?), a. Pressing; urgent; also, oppressive; as, pressive taxation. [R.] Bp. Hall.
 Press"ly (?), adv. Closely; concisely. [Obs.]

 Press"man (?), n.; pl. Pressmen (&?;). 1.
 One who manages, or attends to, a press, esp. a printing press.

2. One who presses clothes; as, a tailor's pressman.

 Press"man, n. [See 2d Press.] One of a press gang, who aids in forcing men into the naval service; also, one forced into the service.

 Press"or (?), a. (Physiol.) Causing, or giving rise to, pressure or to an increase of pressure; as, pressor nerve fibers, stimulation of which excites the vasomotor center, thus causing a stronger contraction of the arteries and consequently an increase of the arterial blood pressure; -- opposed to depressor. Landois & Stirling.
 Press"pack' (?), v. t. To pack, or prepare for packing, by means of a press.

 Pres"sur*age (?), n. [F.] 1. Pressure.

2. The juice of the grape extracted by the press; also, a fee paid for the use of a wine press.

 Pres"sure (?; 138), n. [OF., fr. L. pressura, fr. premere.
 See 4th Press.] 1. The act of pressing, or the condition of being pressed; compression; a squeezing; a crushing; as, a pressure of the hand.

2. A contrasting force or impulse of any kind; as, the pressure of poverty; the pressure of taxes; the pressure of motives on the mind; the pressure of civilization.

 Where the pressure of danger was not felt.

Macaulay.
3. Affliction; distress; grievance.

 My people's pressures are grievous.

Eikon Basilike.
 In the midst of his great troubles and pressures.

Atterbury.
4. Urgency; as, the pressure of business.


jointed stem.

 Stalk"er (?), n. 1. One who stalks.

2. A kind of fishing net.

 Stalk"-eyed' (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having the eyes raised on a stalk, or peduncle; -- opposed to sessile-eyed. Said especially of podophthalmous crustaceans.

Stalk-eyed crustaceans. (Zoöl.) See Podophthalmia.

 Stalk"ing-horse (?), n. 1. A horse, or a figure resembling a horse, behind which a hunter conceals himself from the game he is aiming to kill.

2. Fig.: Something used to cover up a secret project; a mask; a pretense.

 Hypocrisy is the devil's stalking-horse under an affectation of simplicity and religion.

L'Estrange.
 How much more abominable is it to make of him [Christ] and religion a stalking-horse, to get and enjoy the world!

Bunyan.
 Stalk"less, a. Having no stalk.

 Stalk"y (?), a. Hard as a stalk; resembling a stalk.

 At the top [it] bears a great stalky head.

Mortimer.
 Stall (stl), n. [OE. stal, AS. steall, stall, a place, seat, or station, a stable; akin to D. & OHG. stal, G.
 & Sw. stall, Icel. stallr, Dan. stald, originally, a standing place; akin to G. stelle a place, stellen to place, Gr. ste'llein to set, place, send, and E. stand. √163.
 See Stand, and cf. Apostle, Epistle, Forestall, Install, Stale, a.
 & v. i., 1st Stalk, Stallion, Still.] 1. A stand; a station; a fixed spot; hence, the stand or place where a horse or an ox is kept and fed; the division of a stable, or the compartment, for one horse, ox, or other animal. "In an oxes stall." Chaucer.
2. A stable; a place for cattle.

 At last he found a stall where oxen stood.

Dryden.
3. A small apartment or shed in which merchandise is exposed for sale; as, a butcher's stall; a bookstall.

4. A bench or table on which small articles of merchandise are exposed for sale.

 How peddlers' stalls with glittering toys are laid.

Gay.
5. A seat in the choir of a church, for one of the officiating clergy. It is inclosed, either wholly or partially, at the back and sides.
 The stalls are frequently very rich, with canopies and elaborate carving.

 The dignified clergy, out of humility, have called their thrones by the names of stalls.

Bp. Warburton.
 Loud the monks sang in their stalls.

Longfellow.
6. In the theater, a seat with arms or otherwise partly inclosed, as distinguished from the benches, sofas, etc.

7. (Mining) The space left by excavation between pillars.
 See Post and stall, under Post.

Stall reader, one who reads books at a stall where they are exposed for sale.

 Cries the stall reader, "Bless us! what a word on A titlepage is this!"

Milton.
 Stall, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stalled (stld); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Stalling.] [Cf. Sw. stalla, Dan. stalde.]
 1. To put into a stall or stable; to keep in a stall or stalls; as, to stall an ox.

 Where King Latinus then his oxen stalled.

Dryden.
2. To fatten; as, to stall cattle. [Prov. Eng.]

3. To place in an office with the customary formalities; to install. Shak.
4. To plunge into mire or snow so as not to be able to get on; to set; to fix; as, to stall a cart. Burton.
 His horses had been stalled in the snow.

E. E. Hale.
5. To forestall; to anticipitate. [Obs.]

 This not to be stall'd by my report.

Massinger.
6. To keep close; to keep secret. [Obs.]

Stall this in your bosom.

Shak.
 Stall, v. i. [AS. steallian to have room. See Stall, n.]
 1. To live in, or as in, a stall; to dwell. [Obs.]

 We could not stall together In the whole world.

Shak.
2. To kennel, as dogs. Johnson.
3. To be set, as in mire or snow; to stick fast.

4. To be tired of eating, as cattle. [Prov. Eng.]

 Stall"age (stl"j), n. [Cf. OF. estallage, of German origin.
 See Stall, n.] 1. (Eng. Law) The right of erecting a stalls in fairs; rent paid for a stall.

2. Dung of cattle or horses, mixed with straw. [Obs.]

 Stal*la"tion (?), n. Installation. [Obs.]

 Stalled (stld or stl"d), a. Put or kept in a stall; hence, fatted. "A stalled ox." Prov. xv. 17.
 Stall"er (?), n. A standard bearer. Fuller.
 Stall"-feed (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stall-fed (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Stall-feeding.] To feed and fatten in a stall or on dry fodder; as, to stall-feed an ox.

 Stall"ing (?), n. Stabling. Tennyson.
 Stal"lion (?), n. [OE. stalon, OF. estalon, F. étalon, fr. OHG. stal a stable. See Stall, n.] A male horse not castrated; a male horse kept for breeding.

 Stall"man (stl"man), n.; pl. Stallmen (-men).
 One who keeps a stall for the sale of merchandise, especially books. Sterne.
 Stal"lon (?), n. A slip from a plant; a scion; a cutting. [R.] Holinshed.
 { Stal"wart (?), Stal"worth (?) }, a. [OE. stalworth, AS. stælwyrð serviceable, probably originally, good at stealing, or worth stealing or taking, and afterwards extended to other causes of estimation. See Steal, v. t., Worth, a.] Brave; bold; strong; redoubted; daring; vehement; violent. "A stalwart tiller of the soil." Prof.
 Wilson.
 Fair man be was and wise, stalworth and bold.

R. of Brunne.
Stalworth is now disused, or bur little used, stalwart having taken its place.

 Stal"wart*ly (?), adv. In a stalwart manner.

 Stal"wart*ness, n. The quality of being stalwart.

 { Stal"worth*hood (?), Stal"worth*ness (&?;)}, n. The quality or state of being stalworth; stalwartness; boldness; daring. [Obs.]

 Sta"men (?), n.; pl. E. Stamens (#) (used only in the second sense); L. Stamina (#) (in the first sense). [L. stamen the warp, a thread, fiber, akin to Gr. &?; the warp, fr. &?; to stand, akin to E. stand. See Stand, and cf. Stamin, Stamina.] 1.
 A thread; especially, a warp thread.

2. (pl. Stamens, rarely Stamina.) (Bot.) The male organ of flowers for secreting and furnishing the pollen or fecundating dust. It consists of the anther and filament.

 Sta"mened (?), a. Furnished with stamens.

 Sta"min (?), n. [OF. estamine, F. étamine, LL.
 staminea, stamineum, fr. L. stamineus consisting of threads, fr. stamen a thread. See Stamen, and cf. Stamineous,


are carried away and tossed about by the breath of destiny!

 It was not the emperor's daughter who perpetuated Napoleon's dynasty, but the widow of General Beauharnais, Josephine Tascher de la Pagerie.

 Josephine, therefore, is avenged in history; she was also avenged in Napoleon's heart, for he bitterly lamented that he had ever been separated from her. "I ought not to have allowed myself to be separated from Josephine," said he, a short time before his death in St. Helena, "no, I ought not to have been divorced from her; that was my misfortune!" THE END


whose larva lives in quinces. -- Quince tree (Bot.), the small tree (Cydonia vulgaris) which produces the quince.

 Quince"wort' (?), n. (Bot.) The squinancy. Called also quinsywort.

 Quinch (?), v. i. [Cf. OD. quincken to quiver, shake, Fries.
 quink hovering. Cf. Quich.] To stir; to wince. [Obs.] Spenser.
 Quin*cun"cial (?), [L. quincuncialis, from quincunx. See Quincunx.]

1. Having the form of a quincunx.

2. (Bot.) Having the leaves of a pentamerous calyx or corolla so imbricated that two are exterior, two are interior, and the other has one edge exterior and one interior; as, quincuncial æstivation.

Quincuncial phyllotaxy (Bot.), an arrangement of five leaves in a spiral, each leaf two fifths of a circle from the next.

 Quin*cun"cial*ly, adv. In the manner or order of a quincunx.

 Quin"cunx (?), n. [L., fr. quinque five + uncia an ounce. The quincunx was marked by five small spots or balls. See Five, and Ounce the weight.] 1. An arrangement of things by fives in a square or a rectangle, one being placed at each corner and one in the middle; especially, such an arrangement of trees repeated indefinitely, so as to form a regular group with rows running in various directions.

2. (Astrol.) The position of planets when distant from each other five signs, or 150°. Hutton.
3. (Bot.) A quincuncial arrangement, as of the parts of a flower in æstivation. See Quincuncial, 2.

 Quin*dec"a*gon (?), n. [L. quindecim fifteen + Gr. &?; angle.] (Geom.) A plane figure with fifteen angles, and consequently fifteen sides.

 ||Quin'de*cem"vir (?), n.; pl. E. Quindecemvirs (#), L. Quindecemviri (#). [L., from quindecim fifteen + vir a man.] (Rom. Antiq.) One of a sacerdotal college of fifteen men whose chief duty was to take care of the Sibylline books.

 Quin'de*cem"vi*rate (?), n. [L. quindecimviratus.] The body or office of the quindecemviri.

 Quin*dec"one (?), n. [L. quindecim fifteen.] (Chem.)
 An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C15H26, of the valylene series, produced artificially as an oily liquid. [Written also quindekone.]

 Quin'de*cyl"ic (?), n. [L. quindecim fifteen + -yl.]
 (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the fatty acid series, containing fifteen atoms of carbon; called also pentadecylic acid.

 Quin"dem (?), n. A fifteenth part. [Obs.]

 Quin"dism (?), n. A fifteenth. [Obs.] Prynne.
 Quin*hy"drone (?), n. [Quinone + hydroquinone.] (Chem.)
 A green crystalline substance formed by the union of quinone with hydroquinone, or as an intermediate product in the oxidation of hydroquinone or the reduction of quinone. [Written also chinhydrone.]

 ||Quin"i*a (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) Quinine.

 Quin"i*ble (?), n. [L. quini five each.] (Mus.) An interval of a fifth; also, a part sung with such intervals. [Obs.] "He sang... a loud quynyble." Chaucer.
 Quin"ic (?), a. [See Quinine, and cf. Kinic.] (Chem.)
 Pertaining to, derived from, or connected with, quinine and related compounds; specifically, designating a nonnitrogenous acid obtained from cinchona bark, coffee, beans, etc., as a white crystalline substance.
 [Written also chinic, kinic.]

 Quin"i*cine (?), n. (Chem.) An uncrystallizable alkaloid obtained by the action of heat from quinine, with which it is isomeric.

 Quin"i*dine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid isomeric with, and resembling, quinine, found in certain species of cinchona, from which it is extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance; conchinine. It is used somewhat as a febrifuge. [Written also chinidine.]

 Qui"nine (?), n. [F. (cf. Sp. quinina), fr. Sp. quina, or quinaquina, Peruvian bark, fr. Peruv. kina, quina, bark. Cf. Kinic.] (Chem.) An alkaloid extracted from the bark of several species of cinchona (esp. Cinchona Calisaya) as a bitter white crystalline substance, C20H24N2O2.
 Hence, by extension (Med.), any of the salts of this alkaloid, as the acetate, chloride, sulphate, etc., employed as a febrifuge or antiperiodic. Called also quinia, quinina, etc. [Written also chinine.]

 Qui*nin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid obtained as a yellow crystalline substance by the oxidation of quinine.

 { Qui"nin*ism (?), Qui"nism (?), } n. (Med.) See Cinchonism.

 Qui*niz"a*rin (?), [Hydroquinone + alizarin.] (Chem.)
 A yellow crystalline substance produced artificially. It is isomeric with alizarin.

 Quin"i*zine (?), n. [Quinoline + hydrazine.] (Chem.)
 any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, certain of which are used as antipyretics.

 Quin"nat (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zoöl.) The California salmon (Oncorhynchus choicha); -- called also chouicha, king salmon, chinnook salmon, and Sacramento salmon.
 It is of great commercial importance. [Written also quinnet.]

 ||Qui*no"a (?), n. The seeds of a kind of goosewort (Chenopodium Quinoa), used in Chili and Peru for making porridge or cakes; also, food thus made.

 Quin"o*gen (?), n. [Quinine + -gen.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical of quinine and related alkaloids.

 Qui*noid"ine (?), n. [Quinine + -oid.] (Med.
 (Chem.) A brownish resinous substance obtained as a by-product in the treatment of cinchona bark. It consists of a mixture of several alkaloids.
 [Written also chinoidine.]

 Quin"o*line (?), n. [Quinine + L. oleum oil + -ine.]
 (Chem.) A nitrogenous base, C9H7N obtained as a pungent colorless liquid by the distillation of alkaloids, bones, coal tar, etc. It the nucleus of many organic bodies, especially of certain alkaloids and related substances; hence, by extension, any one of the series of alkaloidal bases of which quinoline proper is the type. [Written also chinoline.]

 Qui*nol"o*gist (?), n. One who is versed in quinology.

 Qui*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Quinine + -logy.] The science which treats


;; 'a priv. + &?; leaven.] Unleavened bread.

 A*zym"ic (&?;), a. Azymous.

 Az"y*mite (&?;), n. [Cf. F. azymite.] (Eccl. Hist.)
 One who administered the Eucharist with unleavened bread; -- a name of reproach given by those of the Greek church to the Latins.

 Az"y*mous (&?;), a. [See Azym.] Unleavened; unfermented. "Azymous bread." Dunglison.
 B. B (b) is the second letter of the English alphabet. (See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 196, 220.) It is etymologically related to p, v, f, w, and m, letters representing sounds having a close organic affinity to its own sound; as in Eng. bursar and purser; Eng. bear and Lat. ferre; Eng. silver and Ger. silber; Lat. cubitum and It. gomito; Eng. seven, Anglo-Saxon seofon, Ger. sieben, Lat. septem, Gr."epta', Sanskrit saptan. The form of letter B is Roman, from the Greek B (Beta), of Semitic origin. The small b was formed by gradual change from the capital B. In Music, B is the nominal of the seventh tone in the model major scale (the scale of C major), or of the second tone in its relative minor scale (that of A minor). B stands for B flat, the tone a half step, or semitone, lower than B. In German, B stands for our B, while our B natural is called H (pronounced hä).

 Ba (bä), v. t. [Cf. OF. baer to open the mouth, F. bayer.]
 To kiss. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Baa (bä), v. i. [Cf. G. bäen; an imitative word.]
 To cry baa, or bleat as a sheep.

 He treble baas for help, but none can get. Sir P. Sidney.
 Baa (bä), n.; pl. Baas (bäz). [Cf. G. bä.]
 The cry or bleating of a sheep; a bleat.

 Baa"ing, n. The bleating of a sheep. Marryat.
 Ba"al (b"al), n.; Heb. pl. Baalim (-m). [Heb. ba'al lord.] 1. (Myth.) The supreme male divinity of the Phoenician and Canaanitish nations.

 The name of this god occurs in the Old Testament and elsewhere with qualifying epithets subjoined, answering to the different ideas of his character; ; as, Baal-berith (the Covenant Baal), Baal-zebub (Baal of the fly).

2. pl. The whole class of divinities to whom the name Baal was applied. Judges x. 6.
 Ba"al*ism (-z'm), n. Worship of Baal; idolatry.

 { Ba"al*ist (&?;), Ba"al*ite (&?;), } n. A worshiper of Baal; a devotee of any false religion; an idolater.

 ||Ba"ba (&?;), n. [F.] A kind of plum cake.

 Bab"bitt (&?;), v. t. To line with Babbitt metal.

 Bab"bitt met'al (&?;). [From the inventor, Isaac Babbitt of Massachusetts.] A soft white alloy of variable composition (as a nine parts of tin to one of copper, or of fifty parts of tin to five of antimony and one of copper) used in bearings to diminish friction.

 Bab"ble (bb"b'l), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Babbled (-b'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Babbling.] [Cf.LG. babbeln, D. babbelen, G. bappeln, bappern, F. babiller, It. babbolare; prob. orig., to keep saying ba, imitative of a child learning to talk.] 1. To utter words indistinctly or unintelligibly; to utter inarticulate sounds; as, a child babbles.

2. To talk incoherently; to utter unmeaning words.

3. To talk much; to chatter; to prate.

4. To make a continuous murmuring noise, as shallow water running over stones.

 In every babbling brook he finds a friend. Wordsworth.
 Hounds are said to babble, or to be babbling, when they are too noisy after having found a good scent.

Syn. -- To prate; prattle; chatter; gossip.

 Bab"ble, v. t. 1. To utter in an indistinct or incoherent way; to repeat, as words, in a childish way without understanding.

 These [words] he used to babble in all companies. Arbuthnot.
2. To disclose by too free talk, as a secret.

 Bab"ble, n. 1. Idle talk; senseless prattle; gabble; twaddle. "This is mere moral babble." Milton.
2. Inarticulate speech; constant or confused murmur.

 The babble of our young children. Darwin.
 The babble of the stream. Tennyson.
 Bab"ble*ment (&?;), n. Babble. Hawthorne.
 Bab"bler (&?;), n. 1. An idle talker; an irrational prater; a teller of secrets.

 Great babblers, or talkers, are not fit for trust. L'Estrange.
2. A hound too noisy on finding a good scent.

3. (Zoöl.) A name given to any one of a family (Timalinæ) of thrushlike birds, having a chattering note.

 Bab"ble*ry (&?;), n. Babble. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
 Babe (bb), n. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]

1. An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby.

2. A doll for children. Spenser.
 Babe"hood (&?;), n. Babyhood. [R.] Udall.
 Ba"bel (&?;), n. [Heb. Bbel, the name of the capital of Babylonia; in Genesis associated with the idea of "confusion."] 1.
 The city and tower in the land of Shinar, where the confusion of languages took place.

 Therefore is the name of it called Babel. Gen. xi. 9.
2. Hence: A place or scene of noise and confusion; a confused mixture of sounds, as of voices or languages.

 That babel of strange heathen languages. Hammond.
 The grinding babel of the street . R. L. Stevenson.
 Bab"er*y (&?;), n. [Perh. orig. for baboonery. Cf.
 Baboon, and also Babe.] Finery of a kind to please a child. [Obs.]
 "Painted babery." Sir P. Sidney.
 { Ba"bi*an (&?;), Ba"bi*on } (&?;), n. [See Baboon.] A baboon. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
 ||Bab"il*lard (&?;), n. [F., a babbler.] (Zoöl.)
 The lesser whitethroat of Europe; -- called also babbling warbler.

 Bab"ing*ton*ite (&?;), n. [From Dr. Babbington.] (Min.)
 A mineral occurring in triclinic crystals approaching pyroxene in angle, and of a greenish black color. It is a silicate of iron, manganese, and lime.

 { ||Bab


étagère, as being a piece of furniture intended for receiving miscellaneous articles of use or ornament.

But what is used for but that, usually after a negative, and excludes everything contrary to the assertion in the following sentence.
 "Her needle is not so absolutely perfect in tent and cross stitch but what my superintendence is advisable." Sir W. Scott. "Never fear but what our kite shall fly as high." Ld. Lytton.
What ho! an exclamation of calling. — What if, what will it matter if; what will happen or be the result if. "What if it be a poison?" Shak. — What of this? that? it?
 etc., what follows from this, that, it, etc., often with the implication that it is of no consequence. "All this is so; but what of this, my lord?" Shak. "The night is spent, why, what of that?" Shak.
 — What though, even granting that; allowing that; supposing it true that. "What though the rose have prickles, yet't is plucked."
 Shak. — What time, or What time as, when. [Obs. or Archaic] "What time I am afraid, I will trust in thee." Ps. lvi.
 3.
What time the morn mysterious visions brings.

Pope.
 What (?), n. Something; thing; stuff. [Obs.]

 And gave him for to feed, Such homely what as serves the simple &?;lown.

Spenser.
 What, interrog. adv. Why? For what purpose? On what account? [Obs.]

What should I tell the answer of the knight.

Chaucer.
 But what do I stand reckoning upon advantages and gains lost by the misrule and turbulency of the prelates? What do I pick up so thriftily their scatterings and diminishings of the meaner subject?

Milton.
 What*e'er" (?), pron. A contraction of what-ever; — used in poetry. "Whate'er is in his way." Shak.
 What*ev"er (?), pron. Anything soever which; the thing or things of any kind; being this or that; of one nature or another; one thing or another; anything that may be; all that; the whole that; all particulars that; — used both substantively and adjectively.

Whatever fortune stays from his word.

Shak.
Whatever Earth, all-bearing mother, yields.

Milton.
Whatever be its intrinsic value.

J. H. Newman.
Whatever often follows a noun, being used elliptically. "There being no room for any physical discovery whatever" [sc. it may be]. Whately.
 What"not (?), n. [See the Note under What, pron., 5.] A kind of stand, or piece of furniture, having shelves for books, ornaments, etc.; an étagère.

 What"so (?), indef. pron. Whatsoever; whosoever; whatever; anything that. [Obs.]

Whatso he were, of high or low estate.

Chaucer.
Whatso the heaven in his wide vault contains.

Spenser.
 What'so*e'er" (?), pron. A contraction of whatsoever; — used in poetry. Shak.
 What'so*ev"er (?), pron. & a. Whatever. "In whatsoever shape he lurk." Milton.
Whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do.

Gen. xxxi. 16.
 The word is sometimes divided by tmesis. "What things soever ye desire." Mark xi. 24.
 Whaul (?), n. Same as Whall.

 Whaup (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Whaap. [Prov. Eng.]

 Wheal (?), n. [OE. whele, AS. hwele putrefaction, hwelian to putrefy.] A pustule; a whelk. Wiseman.
 Wheal, n. [Cf. Wale.]

1. A more or less elongated mark raised by a stroke; also, a similar mark made by any cause; a weal; a wale.

2. Specifically (Med.), a flat, burning or itching eminence on the skin, such as is produced by a mosquito bite, or in urticaria.

 Wheal, n. [Cornish hwel.] (Mining) A mine.

 Wheal"worm' (?), n. (Zoöl.) The harvest mite; — so called from the wheals, caused by its bite.

 Wheat (hwt), n. [OE. whete, AS. hwte; akin to OS. hwti, D. weit, G. weizen, OHG. weizzi, Icel. hveiti, Sw. hvete, Dan. hvede, Goth. hwaiteis, and E. white.
 See White.] (Bot.) A cereal grass (Triticum vulgare) and its grain, which furnishes a white flour for bread, and, next to rice, is the grain most largely used by the human race.

 Of this grain the varieties are numerous, as red wheat, white wheat, bald wheat, bearded wheat, winter wheat, summer wheat, and the like. Wheat is not known to exist as a wild native plant, and all statements as to its origin are either incorrect or at best only guesses.

Buck wheat. (Bot.) See Buckwheat. — German wheat. (Bot.)
 See 2d Spelt. — Guinea wheat (Bot.), a name for Indian corn. — Indian wheat, or Tartary wheat (Bot.), a grain (Fagopyrum Tartaricum) much like buckwheat, but only half as large. — Turkey wheat (Bot.), a name for Indian corn. — Wheat aphid, or Wheat aphis (Zoöl.), any one of several species of Aphis and allied genera, which suck the sap of growing wheat.
 — Wheat beetle. (Zoöl.) (a) A small, slender, rusty brown beetle (Sylvanus Surinamensis) whose larvæ feed upon wheat, rice, and other grains. (b) A very small, reddish brown, oval beetle (Anobium paniceum) whose larvæ eat the interior of grains of wheat. — Wheat duck (Zoöl.), the American widgeon. [Western U. S.] — Wheat fly. (Zoöl.)
 Same as Wheat midge, below. — Wheat grass (Bot.), a kind of grass (Agropyrum caninum) somewhat resembling wheat. It grows in the northern parts of Europe and America. — Wheat jointworm.
 (Zoöl.) See Jointworm. — Wheat louse (Zoöl.), any wheat aphid. — Wheat maggot (Zoöl.), the larva of a wheat midge. — Wheat midge. (Zoöl.) (a) A small two-winged fly (Diplosis tritici) which is very destructive to growing wheat, both in Europe and America. The female lays her eggs in the flowers of wheat, and the larvæ suck the juice of the young kernels and when full grown change to pupæ in the earth. (b) The Hessian fly. See under Hessian. — Wheat moth (Zoöl.), any moth whose larvæ devour the grains of wheat, chiefly after it is harvested; a grain moth. See Angoumois Moth, also Grain moth, under Grain. — Wheat thief (Bot.), gromwell; — so called because it is a troublesome weed in wheat fields. See Gromwell. — Wheat thrips (Zoöl.), a small brown thrips (Thrips cerealium) which is very injurious to the grains of growing wheat. — Wheat weevil.
 (Zoöl.) (a) The grain weevil. (b) The rice weevil when found in wheat.

 Wheat"bird' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A bird that feeds on wheat, especially the chaffinch.

 Wheat"ear' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A small European singing