A domestic affair of great importance, which is no less than the disposal of my sister Jenny for life.

Tatler.
4. Power or authority to dispose of, determine the condition of, control, etc., especially in the phrase at, or in, the disposal of.

 The sole and absolute disposal of him an his concerns.

South.
Syn. -- Disposition; dispensation; management; conduct; government; distribution; arrangement; regulation; control.

 Dis*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disposing.] [F. disposer; pref. dis- + poser to place. See Pose.] 1. To distribute and put in place; to arrange; to set in order; as, to dispose the ships in the form of a crescent.

 Who hath disposed the whole world?

Job xxxiv. 13.
 All ranged in order and disposed with grace.

Pope.
 The rest themselves in troops did else dispose.

Spenser.
2. To regulate; to adjust; to settle; to determine.

 The knightly forms of combat to dispose.

Dryden.
3. To deal out; to assign to a use; to bestow for an object or purpose; to apply; to employ; to dispose of.

 Importuned him that what he designed to bestow on her funeral, he would rather dispose among the poor.

Evelyn.
4. To give a tendency or inclination to; to adapt; to cause to turn; especially, to incline the mind of; to give a bent or propension to; to incline; to make inclined; -- usually followed by to, sometimes by for before the indirect object.

 Endure and conquer; Jove will soon dispose To future good our past and present woes.

Dryden.
 Suspicions dispose kings to tyranny, husbands to jealousy, and wise men to irresolution and melancholy.

Bacon.
To dispose of. (a) To determine the fate of; to exercise the power of control over; to fix the condition, application, employment, etc.
 of; to direct or assign for a use.

 Freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions and persons.

Locke.
(b) To exercise finally one's power of control over; to pass over into the control of some one else, as by selling; to alienate; to part with; to relinquish; to get rid of; as, to dispose of a house; to dispose of one's time.

 More water... than can be disposed of.

T. Burnet.
 I have disposed of her to a man of business.

Tatler.
 A rural judge disposed of beauty's prize.

Waller.
Syn. -- To set; arrange; order; distribute; adjust; regulate; adapt; fit; incline; bestow; give.

 Dis*pose" (?), v. i. To bargain; to make terms. [Obs.]

 She had disposed with Cæsar.

Shak.
 Dis*pose", n. 1. Disposal; ordering; management; power or right of control. [Obs.]

 But such is the dispose of the sole Disposer of empires.

Speed.
2. Cast of mind; disposition; inclination; behavior; demeanor.
 [Obs.]

 He hath a person, and a smooth dispose To be suspected.

Shak.
 Dis*posed" (?), p. a. 1. Inclined; minded.

 When he was disposed to pass into Achaia.

Acts xviii. 27.
2. Inclined to mirth; jolly. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Well disposed, in good condition; in good health. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Dis*pos"ed*ness (?), n. The state of being disposed or inclined; inclination; propensity. [R.]

 Dis*pose"ment (?), n. Disposal. [Obs.] Goodwin.
 Dis*pos"er (?), n. One who, or that which, disposes; a regulator; a director; a bestower.

 Absolute lord and disposer of all things.

Barrow.
 Dis*pos"ing*ly, adv. In a manner to dispose.

 Dis*pos"it*ed (?), a. [See Disposition.] Disposed. [Obs.] Glanvill.
 Dis'po*si"tion (?), n. [F. disposition, dispositio, fr. disponere to dispose; dis- + ponere to place. See Position, and cf. Dispone.] 1. The act of disposing, arranging, ordering, regulating, or transferring; application; disposal; as, the disposition of a man's property by will.

 Who have received the law by the disposition of angels.

Acts vii. 53.
 The disposition of the work, to put all things in a beautiful order and harmony, that the whole may be of a piece.

Dryden.
2. The state or the manner of being disposed or arranged; distribution; arrangement; order; as, the disposition of the trees in an orchard; the disposition of the several parts of an edifice.

3. Tendency to any action or state resulting from natural constitution; nature; quality; as, a disposition in plants to grow in a direction upward; a disposition in bodies to putrefaction.

4. Conscious inclination; propension or propensity.

 How stands your disposition to be married?

Shak.
5. Natural or prevailing spirit, or temperament of mind, especially as shown in intercourse with one's fellow-men; temper of mind. "A man of turbulent disposition." Hallam. "He is of a very melancholy disposition." Shak.
 His disposition led him to do things agreeable to his quality and condition wherein God had placed him.

Strype.
6. Mood; humor.

 As I perchance hereafter shall think meet To put an antic disposition on.

Shak.
Syn. -- Disposal; adjustment; regulation; arrangement; distribution; order; method; adaptation; inclination; propensity; bestowment; alienation; character; temper; mood. -- Disposition, Character, Temper. Disposition is the natural humor of a person, the predominating quality of his character, the constitutional habit of his mind. Character is this disposition influenced by motive, training, and will. Temper is a quality of the fiber of character, and is displayed chiefly when the emotions, especially the passions, are aroused.

 Dis'po*si"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to disposition.

 Dis'po*si"tioned (?), a. Having (such) a disposition; -- used in compounds; as, welldispositioned.

 Dis*pos"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. dispositif.] 1.
 Disposing; tending to regulate; decretive. [Obs.]

 His dispositive wisdom and power.

Bates.
2. Belonging to disposition or natural, tendency. [Obs.] "Dispositive holiness." Jer. Taylor.
 Dis*pos"i*tive*ly, adv. In a dispositive manner; by natural or moral disposition. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
 Do dispositively what Moses is recorded to have done literally,.
 .. break all the ten commandments at once.

Boyle.
 Dis*pos"it*or (?), n. [L. See Disposition.] 1. A disposer.

2. (Astrol.) The planet which is lord of the sign where another planet is. [Obs.] Crabb.
 Dis'pos*sess" (?; see Possess), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispossessed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dispossessing.] [Pref. dis- + possess: cf. F. déposséder.] To put out of possession; to deprive of the actual occupancy of, particularly of land or real estate; to disseize; to eject; -- usually followed by


affections; 'enanti'os opposite + &?; suffering, affection, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.] 1. An opposite passion or affection. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Med.) Allopathy; -- a term used by followers of Hahnemann, or homeopathists.

 ||E*nan'ti*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; contradiction, fr.
 'enanti'os opposite.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech by which what is to be understood affirmatively is stated negatively, and the contrary; affirmation by contraries.

 En*arch" (?), v. t. To arch. [Obs.] Lydgate.
 En*arched" (?), a. (Her.) Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or other ordinary.

 En*ar"gite (?), n. (Min.) An iron-black mineral of metallic luster, occurring in small orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains sulphur, arsenic, copper, and often silver.

 En*armed" (?), a. (Her.) Same as Armed, 3.

 En'ar*ra"tion (?), n. [L. enarratio. See Narration.] A detailed exposition; relation. [Obs.] Hakewill.
 ||En'ar*thro"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; in + &?;. See Arthrodia.] (Anat.) See Enarthrosis. -- En'ar*thro"di*al, a.
 ||En'ar*thro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; jointed; &?; in + &?; joint.] (Anat.) A ball and socket joint, or the kind of articulation represented by such a joint. See Articulation.

 E*nas"cent (?), a. [L. enascens, p. pr. of enasci to spring up; e out + nasci to be born.] Coming into being; nascent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
 E'na*ta"tion (?), n. [L. enatare to swim out. See Natation.]
 A swimming out. [Obs.] Bailey.
 E*nate" (?), a. [L. enatus, p. p. of enasci. See Enascent.] Growing out.

 E*na"tion (?), n. (Bot.) Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a thing, as of a petal; also, the capacity or act of producing such an outgrowth.

 E*naun"ter (?), adv. [Pref. en- + aunter.] Lest that.
 [Obs.] Spenser.
 E*nav"i*gate (?), v. t. [L. enavigatus, p. p. of enavigare.]
 To sail away or over. [Obs.] Cockeram.
 En*bat"tled (?), a. Embattled. [Obs.]

 En*bibe" (?), v. t. To imbibe. [Obs.] Skelton.
 En*broud"e (?), v. t. See Embroude.

 En*cage" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encaged (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Engaging.] [Pref. en- + cage: cf. F. encager.]
 To confine in a cage; to coop up. Shak.
 En*cal"en*dar (?), v. t. To register in a calendar; to calendar. Drayton.
 En*camp" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encamped (?; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. Encamping.] To form and occupy a camp; to prepare and settle in temporary habitations, as tents or huts; to halt on a march, pitch tents, or form huts, and remain for the night or for a longer time, as an army or a company traveling.

 The host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

1 Chron. xi. 15.
 En*camp", v. t. To form into a camp; to place in a temporary habitation, or quarters.

 Bid him encamp his soldiers.

Shak.
 En*camp"ment (?), n. 1. The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.

2. The place where an army or a company is encamped; a camp; tents pitched or huts erected for temporary lodgings.

 A square of about seven hundred yards was sufficient for the encampment of twenty thousand Romans.

Gibbon.
 A green encampment yonder meets the eye.

Guardian.
 En*can"ker (?), v. t. To canker. [Obs.]

 En*cap'su*la"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The act of inclosing in a capsule; the growth of a membrane around (any part) so as to inclose it in a capsule.

 En*car"nal*ize (?), v. t. To carnalize; to make gross. [R.] "Encarnalize their spirits." Tennyson.
 ||En*car"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; containing fruit; &?; in + &?; fruit; cf. L. encarpa, pl., Gr. &?;.] (Arch.)
 An ornament on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons of fruit, flowers, leaves, etc. [Written also encarpa.]

 En*case" (?), v. t. [Cf. Enchase.] To inclose as in a case. See Incase. Beau. & Fl.
 En*case"ment (?), n. [Cf. Casement.] 1. The act of encasing; also, that which encases.

2. (Biol.) An old theory of generation similar to emboîtement.
 See Ovulist.

 En*cash" (?), v. t. (Eng. Banking) To turn into cash; to cash. Sat. Rev.
 En*cash"ment (?), n. (Eng. Banking) The payment in cash of a note, draft, etc.

 En*cau"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?; mark caused by burning, fr. &?;. See Encaustic.] (Med.) An ulcer in the eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss of the humors. Dunglison.
 En*caus"tic (?), a. [L. encausticus, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to burn in; &?; in + &?; to burn: cf. F. encaustique. See Caustic, and cf. Ink.] (Fine Arts) Prepared by means of heat; burned in.

Encaustic painting (Fine Arts), painting by means of wax with which the colors are combined, and which is afterwards fused with hot irons, thus fixing the colors. -- Encaustic tile (Fine Arts), an earthenware tile which has a decorative pattern and is not wholly of one color.

 En*caus"tic, n. [L. encaustica, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;): cf. F. encaustique. See Encaustic, a.] The method of painting in heated wax, or in any way where heat is used to fix the colors.

 En*cave" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + cave: cf. F. encaver.
 Cf. Incavated.] To hide in, or as in, a cave or recess. "Do but encave yourself." Shak.
 -ence (?). [F. -ence, L. -entia.] A noun suffix signifying action, state, or quality; also, that which relates to the action or state; as in emergence, diffidence, diligence


5. To sprinkle; to intersperse; to cover. [R.] "Her hair... is shed with gray." B. Jonson.
6. (Weaving) To divide, as the warp threads, so as to form a shed, or passageway, for the shuttle.

 Shed, v. i. 1. To fall in drops; to pour. [Obs.]

 Such a rain down from the welkin shadde.

Chaucer.
2. To let fall the parts, as seeds or fruit; to throw off a covering or envelope.

 White oats are apt to shed most as they lie, and black as they stand.

Mortimer.
 Shed, n. 1. A parting; a separation; a division. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

 They say also that the manner of making the shed of newwedded wives' hair with the iron head of a javelin came up then likewise.

Sir T. North.
2. The act of shedding or spilling; -- used only in composition, as in bloodshed.

3. That which parts, divides, or sheds; -- used in composition, as in watershed.

4. (Weaving) The passageway between the threads of the warp through which the shuttle is thrown, having a sloping top and bottom made by raising and lowering the alternate threads.

 Shed"der (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, sheds; as, a shedder of blood; a shedder of tears.

2. (Zoöl.) A crab in the act of casting its shell, or immediately afterwards while still soft; -- applied especially to the edible crabs, which are most prized while in this state.

 Shed"ding (?), n. 1. The act of shedding, separating, or casting off or out; as, the shedding of blood.

2. That which is shed, or cast off. [R.] Wordsworth.
 { Sheel"fa (?), Shil"fa (?) }, n. (Zoöl.) The chaffinch; -- so named from its call note. [Prov. Eng.]

 Sheel"ing (?), n. [Icel. skjl a shelter, a cover; akin to Dan. & Sw. skjul.] A hut or small cottage in an exposed or a retired place (as on a mountain or at the seaside) such as is used by shepherds, fishermen, sportsmen, etc.; a summer cottage; also, a shed.
 [Written also sheel, shealing, sheiling, etc.] [Scot.]

 Sheel"y (?), n. (Zoöl.) Same as Sheelfa.

 Sheen (?), a. [OE. sehene, AS. sciéne, sc&?;ne, sc&?;ne, splendid, beautiful; akin to OFries. sk&?;ne, sk&?;ne, OS. sc&?;ni, D. schoon, G. schön, OHG. sc&?;ni, Goth, skanus, and E. shew; the original meaning being probably, visible, worth seeing. It is not akin to E. shine. See Shew, v. t.] Bright; glittering; radiant; fair; showy; sheeny. [R., except in poetry.]

 This holy maiden, that is so bright and sheen.

Chaucer.
 Up rose each warrier bold and brave, Glistening in filed steel and armor sheen.

Fairfax.
 Sheen, v. i. To shine; to glisten. [Poetic] This town, That, sheening far, celestial seems to be.

Byron.
 Sheen, n. Brightness; splendor; glitter. "Throned in celestial sheen."
 Milton.
 Sheen""ly, adv. Brightly. [R.] Mrs. Browning.
 Sheen"y (?), a. Bright; shining; radiant; sheen. "A sheeny summer morn." Tennyson.
 Sheep (?), n. sing. & pl. [OE. shep, scheep, AS.
 sc&?;p, sceáp; akin to OFries. sk&?;p, LG. & D. schaap, G. schaf, OHG. scf, Skr. chga.
 √295. Cf. Sheepherd.] 1. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of ruminants of the genus Ovis, native of the higher mountains of both hemispheres, but most numerous in Asia.

 The domestic sheep (Ovis aries) varies much in size, in the length and texture of its wool, the form and size of its horns, the length of its tail, etc. It was domesticated in prehistoric ages, and many distinct breeds have been produced; as the merinos, celebrated for their fine wool; the Cretan sheep, noted for their long horns; the fat-tailed, or Turkish, sheep, remarkable for the size and fatness of the tail, which often has to be supported on trucks; the Southdowns, in which the horns are lacking; and an Asiatic breed which always has four horns.

2. A weak, bashful, silly fellow. Ainsworth.
3. pl. Fig.: The people of God, as being under the government and protection of Christ, the great Shepherd.

Rocky mountain sheep.(Zoöl.) See Bighorn. -- Maned sheep. (Zoöl.) See Aoudad. -- Sheep bot (Zoöl.), the larva of the sheep botfly. See Estrus. -- Sheep dog (Zoöl.), a shepherd dog, or collie. -- Sheep laurel (Bot.), a small North American shrub (Kalmia angustifolia) with deep rose-colored flowers in corymbs. -- Sheep pest (Bot.), an Australian plant (Acæna ovina) related to the burnet. The fruit is covered with barbed spines, by which it adheres to the wool of sheep. -- Sheep run, an extensive tract of country where sheep range and graze. -- Sheep's beard (Bot.), a cichoraceous herb (Urospermum Dalechampii) of Southern Europe; -- so called from the conspicuous pappus of the achenes. -- Sheep's bit (Bot.), a European herb (Jasione montana) having much the appearance of scabious. -- Sheep pox (Med.), a contagious disease of sheep, characterixed by the development of vesicles or pocks upon the skin. -- Sheep scabious. (Bot.) Same as Sheep's bit. -- Sheep shears, shears in which the blades form the two ends of a steel bow, by the elasticity of which they open as often as pressed together by the hand in cutting; -- so called because used to cut off the wool of sheep. -- Sheep sorrel. (Bot.), a prerennial herb (Rumex Acetosella) growing naturally on poor, dry, gravelly soil. Its leaves have a pleasant acid taste like sorrel. -- Sheep's-wool (Zoöl.), the highest grade of Florida commercial sponges (Spongia equina, variety gossypina). -- Sheep tick (Zoöl.), a wingless parasitic insect (Melophagus ovinus) belonging to the Diptera. It fixes its proboscis in the skin of the sheep and sucks the blood, leaving a swelling. Called also sheep pest, and sheep louse. -- Sheep walk, a pasture for sheep; a sheep run. -- Wild sheep. (Zoöl.) See Argali, Mouflon, and Oörial.

 Sheep"back' (?), n. (Geol.) A rounded knoll of rock resembling the back of a sheep. -- produced by glacial action. Called also roche moutonnée; -- usually in the plural.

 Sheep"ber'ry (?), n. (Bot.) The edible fruit of a small North American tree of the genus Viburnum (V. Lentago), having white flowers in flat cymes; also, the tree itself. Called also nannyberry.

 Sheep"bite' (?), v. i. To bite or nibble like a sheep; hence, to practice petty thefts. [Obs.] Shak.
 Sheep"bit'er (?), n. One who practices petty thefts. [Obs.] Shak.
 There are political


of types and that in an array you can thus step right from the last byte of a previous component to the first byte of the next one. This is not only machinebut compiler-dependent.
The assumption that memory address space is globally flat and that the array reference foo[-1] is necessarily valid. Problem: this fails at 0, or other places on segment-addressed machines like Intel chips (yes, segmentation is universally considered a brain-damaged way to design machines (see moby), but that is a separate issue).
The assumption that objects can be arbitrarily large with no special considerations. Problem: this fails on segmented architectures and under non-virtual-addressing environments.
The assumption that the stack can be as large as memory.
Problem: this fails on segmented architectures or almost anything else without virtual addressing and a paged stack.
The assumption that bits and addressable units within an object are ordered in the same way and that this order is a constant of nature. Problem: this fails on big-endian machines.
The assumption that it is meaningful to compare pointers to different objects not located within the same array, or to objects of different types. Problem: the former fails on segmented architectures, the latter on word-oriented machines or others with multiple pointer formats.
The assumption that an int is 32 bits, or (nearly equivalently) the assumption that sizeof(int) == sizeof(long). Problem: this fails on PDP-11s, 286-based systems and even on 386 and 68000 systems under some compilers (and on 64-bit systems like the Alpha, of course).
The assumption that argv[] is writable. Problem: this fails in many embedded-systems C environments and even under a few flavors of Unix.
Note that a programmer can validly be accused of vaxocentrism even if he or she has never seen a VAX. Some of these assumptions (esp. 2-5) were valid on the PDP-11, the original C machine, and became endemic years before the VAX. The terms 'vaxocentricity' and 'all-the-world's-a-VAX syndrome' have been used synonymously.
Node:vdiff, Next:veeblefester, Previous:vaxocentrism, Up:= V = vdiff /vee'dif/ v.,n.
Visual diff. The operation of finding differences between two files by eyeball search.
The term 'optical diff' has also been reported, and is sometimes more specifically used for the act of superimposing two nearly identical printouts on one another and holding them up to a light to spot differences. Though this method is poor for detecting omissions in the 'rear' file, it can also be used with printouts of graphics, a claim few if any diff programs can make. See diff.
Node:veeblefester, Next:velveeta, Previous:vdiff, Up:= V = veeblefester /vee'b*l-fes'tr/ n.
[from the "Born Loser" comix via Commodore; prob. originally from "Mad" Magazine's 'Veeblefetzer' parodies beginning in #15, 1954] Any obnoxious person engaged in the (alleged) professions of marketing or management. Antonym of hacker. Compare suit, marketroid.
Node:velveeta, Next:ventilator card, Previous:veeblefester, Up:= V = velveeta n.
[Usenet: by analogy with spam. The trade name Velveeta is attached in the U.S. to a particularly nasty processed-cheese spread.] Also knows as ECP; a message that is excessively cross-posted, as opposed to spam which is too frequently posted. This term is widely recognized but not commonly used; most people refer to both kinds of abuse as spam.
Compare jello.
Node:ventilator card, Next:Venus flytrap, Previous:velveeta, Up:= V = ventilator card n. Syn. lace card.
Node:Venus flytrap, Next:verbage, Previous:ventilator card, Up:= V = Venus flytrap n.
[after the insect-eating plant] See firewall machine.
Node:verbage, Next:verbiage, Previous:Venus flytrap, Up:= V = verbage /ver'b*j/ n. A deliberate misspelling and mispronunciation of verbiage that assimilates it to the word 'garbage'. Compare content-free. More pejorative than 'verbiage'.
Node:verbiage, Next:Version 7, Previous:verbage, Up:= V = verbiage n. When the context involves a software or hardware system, this refers to documentation. This term borrows the connotations of mainstream 'verbiage' to suggest that the documentation is of marginal utility and that the motives behind its production have little to do with the ostensible subject.
Node:Version 7, Next:vgrep, Previous:verbiage, Up:= V = Version 7 alt. V7 /vee' se'vn/ n. The first widely distributed version of Unix, released unsupported by Bell Labs in 1978.
The term is used adjectivally to describe Unix features and programs that date from that release, and are thus guaranteed to be present and portable in all Unix versions (this was the standard gauge of portability before the POSIX and IEEE 1003 standards). Note that this usage does not derive from the release being the "seventh version of Unix"; research Unix at Bell Labs has traditionally been numbered according to the edition of the associated documentation. Indeed, only the widely-distributed Sixth and Seventh Editions are widely known as V[67]; the OS that might today be known as 'V10' is instead known in full as "Tenth Edition Research Unix" or just "Tenth Edition" for short. For this reason, "V7" is often read by cognoscenti as "Seventh Edition". See BSD, USG Unix, Unix.
Some old-timers impatient with commercialization and kernel bloat still maintain that V7 was the Last True Unix.
Node:vgrep, Next:vi, Previous:Version 7, Up:= V = vgrep /vee'grep/ v.,n.
Visual grep. The operation of finding patterns in a file optically rather than digitally (also called an 'optical grep').
See grep; compare vdiff.
Node:vi, Next:video toaster, Previous:vgrep, Up:= V = vi /V-I/, not /vi:/ and never /siks/ n.
[from 'Visual Interface'] A screen editor crufted together by Bill Joy for an early BSD release.
Became the de facto standard Unix editor and a nearly undisputed hacker favorite outside of MIT until the rise of EMACS after about 1984. Tends to frustrate new users no end, as it will neither take commands while expecting input text nor vice versa, and the default setup on older versions provides no indication of which mode the editor is in (years ago, a correspondent reported that he has often heard the editor's name pronounced /vi:l/; there is now a vi clone named 'vile'). Nevertheless vi (and variants such as vim and elvis) is still widely used (about half the respondents in a 1991 Usenet poll preferred it), and even EMACS fans often resort to it as a mail editor and for small editing jobs (mainly because it starts up faster than the bulkier versions of EMACS). See holy wars.
Node:video toaster, Next:videotex, Previous:vi, Up:= V = video toaster n. Historically, an Amiga fitted with a particular line of special video effects hardware from NewTek - long a popular platform at special-effects and video production houses. More generally, any computer system designed specifically for video production and manipulation. Compare web toaster and see toaster.
Node:videotex, Next:virgin, Previous:video toaster, Up:= V = videotex n. obs.
An electronic service offering people the privilege of paying to read the weather on their television screens instead of having somebody read it to them for free while they brush their teeth.
The idea bombed everywhere it wasn't government-subsidized, because by the time videotex was practical the installed base of personal computers could hook up to timesharing services and do the things for which videotex might have been worthwhile better and cheaper. Videotex planners badly overestimated both the appeal of getting information from a computer and the cost of local intelligence at the user's end. Like the gor


fsbane. -- Goat's beard (Bot.), a plant of the genus Tragopogon; -- so named from the long silky beard of the seeds. One species is the salsify or oyster plant. -- Goat's foot (Bot.), a kind of wood sorrel (Oxalis caprina) growing at the Cape of Good Hope. -- Goat's rue (Bot.), a leguminous plant (Galega officinalis of Europe, or Tephrosia Virginiana in the United States). -- Goat's thorn (Bot.), a thorny leguminous plant (Astragalus Tragacanthus), found in the Levant. -- Goat's wheat (Bot.), the genus Tragopyrum (now referred to Atraphaxis).

 Goat'ee" (?), n. A part of a man's beard on the chin or lower lip which is allowed to grow, and trimmed so as to resemble the beard of a goat.

 Goat"fish' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A fish of the genus Upeneus, inhabiting the Gulf of Mexico. It is allied to the surmullet.

 Goat"herd' (?), n. One who tends goats. Spenser.
 Goat"ish, a. Characteristic of a goat; goatlike.

 Give your chaste body up to the embraces Of goatish lust.

Massinger.
 -- Goat"ish*ly, adv. -- Goat"ish*ness, n. Goat"like' (?), a. Like a goat; goatish.

 Goat"skin' (?), n. The skin of a goat, or leather made from it. -- a. Made of the skin of a goat.

 Goat"suck'er (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of several species of insectivorous birds, belonging to Caprimulgus and allied genera, esp. the European species (Caprimulgus Europæus); -- so called from the mistaken notion that it sucks goats. The European species is also goat-milker, goat owl, goat chaffer, fern owl, night hawk, nightjar, night churr, churr-owl, gnat hawk, and dorhawk.

 Goaves (gvz), n. pl. [See Goaf, n.] (Mining) Old workings. See Goaf. Raymond.
 Gob (gb), n. [Cf. Goaf.] (Mining) Same as Goaf.

 Gob, n. [OF. gob morsel; cf. F. gobe, gobbe, a poisoned morsel, poison ball, gobet a piece swallowed, gober to swallow greedily and without tasting; cf. Gael. & Ir. gob mouth, snout, W. gwp a bird's head and neck. Cf. Gobble, Job, n.]
 1. A little mass or collection; a small quantity; a mouthful. [Low] L'Estrange.
2. The mouth. [Prov. Eng.or Low] Wright.
 Gob"bet (?), n. [OE. & F. gobet. See 2d Gob.] A mouthful; a lump; a small piece. Spenser.
 [He] had broken the stocks to small gobbets.

Wyclif.
 Gob"bet, v. t. To swallow greedily; to swallow in gobbets. [Low] L'Estrange.
 Gob"bet*ly, adv. In pieces. [Obs.] Huloet.
 Gob"bing (?), n. [See lst Gob.] (Mining) (a) The refuse thrown back into the excavation after removing the coal. It is called also gob stuff. Brande & C.
(b) The process of packing with waste rock; stowing.

 Gob"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gobbled (?); p. pr.
 & vb. n. Gobbling (?).] [Freq. of 2d gob.]

1. To swallow or eat greedily or hastily; to gulp.

 Supper gobbled up in haste.

Swift.
2. To utter (a sound) like a turkey cock.

 He... gobbles out a note of selfapprobation.

Goldsmith.
To gobble up, to capture in a mass or in masses; to capture suddenly. [Slang] Gob"ble, v. i. 1. To eat greedily.

2. To make a noise like that of a turkey cock. Prior.
 Gob"ble, n. A noise made in the throat.

 Ducks and geese... set up a discordant gobble.

Mrs. Gore.
 Gob"bler (?), n. A turkey cock; a bubbling Jock.

 Gob"e*lin (?), a. Pertaining to tapestry produced in the so-called Gobelin works, which have been maintained by the French Government since 1667.

 ||Gobe'mouche" (?), n. [F.] Literally, a fly swallower; hence, once who keeps his mouth open; a boor; a silly and credulous person.

 Gob"et (?), n. See Gobbet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 Go"-be*tween' (?), n. An intermediate agent; a broker; a procurer; -- usually in a disparaging sense. Shak.
 Go"bi*oid (?), a. [NL. Gobius + - oid.] (Zoöl.)
 Like, or pertaining to, the goby, or the genus Gobius. -- n. A gobioid fish.

 Gob"let (?), n. [F. gobelet, LL. gobeletus, gobellus; cf. L. cupa tub, cask. See Cupel.] A kind of cup or drinking vessel having a foot or standard, but without a handle.

 We love not loaded boards and goblets crowned.

Denham.
 Gob"lin (?), n. [OE. gobelin, F. gobelin, LL. gobelinus, fr. Gr. &?; knave, a mischievous goblin; or cf. G. kobold, E. kobold, cobalt, Armor. gobilin an ignis fatuus, goblin.] An evil or mischievous spirit; a playful or malicious elf; a frightful phantom; a gnome.

 To whom the goblin, full of wrath, replied.

Milton.
 Gob"line' (?), n. (Naut.) One of the ropes or chains serving as stays for the dolphin striker or the bowsprit; -- called also gobrope and gaubline.

 Gob"lin*ize (?), v. t. To transform into a goblin. [R.] Lowell.
 Go"by (?), n.; pl. Gobies (#). [F. gobie, L. gobius, gobio, Gr. &?; Cf. Gudgeon.] (Zoöl.)
 One of several species of small marine fishes of the genus Gobius and allied genera.

 Go"-by' (?), n. A passing without notice; intentional neglect; thrusting away; a shifting off; adieu; as, to give a proposal the go-by.

 Some songs to which we have given the goby.

Prof. Wilson.
 Go"cart' (?), n. A framework moving on casters, designed to support children while learning to walk.

 God (?), a. & n. Good. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 God (gd), n. [AS. god; akin to OS. & D. god, OHG.
 got, G. gott, Icel. guð, goð, Sw.
 & Dan. gud, Goth. gup, prob. orig. a p. p. from a root appearing in Skr. h, p. p. hta, to call upon, invoke, implore. √30. Cf. Goodbye, Gospel, Gossip.] 1. A being conceived of as possessing supernatural power, and to be propitiated by


NMI /N-M-I/ n. Non-Maskable Interrupt. An IRQ 7 on the PDP-11 or 680[01234]0; the NMI line on an 80[1234]86. In contrast with a priority interrupt (which might be ignored, although that is unlikely), an NMI is never ignored. Except, that is, on clone boxes, where NMI is often ignored on the motherboard because flaky hardware can generate many spurious ones.
Node:no-op, Next:noddy, Previous:NMI, Up:= N = no-op /noh'op/ n.,v.
alt. NOP /nop/ [no operation] 1. A machine instruction that does nothing (sometimes used in assembler-level programming as filler for data or patch areas, or to overwrite code to be removed in binaries). 2. A person who contributes nothing to a project, or has nothing going on upstairs, or both. As in "He's a no-op." 3. Any operation or sequence of operations with no effect, such as circling the block without finding a parking space, or putting money into a vending machine and having it fall immediately into the coin-return box, or asking someone for help and being told to go away. "Oh, well, that was a no-op."
Hot-and-sour soup (see great-wall) that is insufficiently either is 'no-op soup'; so is wonton soup if everybody else is having hot-and-sour.
Node:noddy, Next:node, Previous:no-op, Up:= N = noddy /nod'ee/ adj.
[UK: from the children's books] 1. Small and un-useful, but demonstrating a point. Noddy programs are often written by people learning a new language or system. The archetypal noddy program is hello world. Noddy code may be used to demonstrate a feature or bug of a compiler. May be used of real hardware or software to imply that it isn't worth using. "This editor's a bit noddy." 2. A program that is more or less instant to produce. In this use, the term does not necessarily connote uselessness, but describes a hack sufficiently trivial that it can be written and debugged while carrying on (and during the space of) a normal conversation. "I'll just throw together a noddy awk script to dump all the first fields." In North America this might be called a mickey mouse program. See toy program.
Node:node, Next:Nominal Semidestructor, Previous:noddy, Up:= N = node n.
1. [Internet, UUCP] A host machine on the network. 2. [MS-DOS BBSes] A dial-in line on a BBS. Thus an MS-DOS sysop might say that his BBS has 4 nodes even though it has a single machine and no Internet link, confusing an Internet hacker no end.
Node:Nominal Semidestructor, Next:non-optimal solution, Previous:node, Up:= N = Nominal Semidestructor n. Soundalike slang for 'National Semiconductor', found among other places in the Networking/2 networking sources. During the late 1970s to mid-1980s this company marketed a series of microprocessors including the NS16000 and NS32000 and several variants. At one point early in the great microprocessor race, the specs on these chips made them look like serious competition for the rising Intel 80x86 and Motorola 680x0 series.
Unfortunately, the actual parts were notoriously flaky and never implemented the full instruction set promised in their literature, apparently because the company couldn't get any of the mask steppings to work as designed. They eventually sank without trace, joining the Zilog Z8000 and a few even more obscure also-rans in the graveyard of forgotten microprocessors.
Compare HP-SUX, AIDX, buglix, Macintrash, Telerat, ScumOS, sun-stools, Slowlaris, Internet Exploder.
Node:non-optimal solution, Next:nonlinear, Previous:Nominal Semidestructor, Up:= N = non-optimal solution n.
(also 'sub-optimal solution') An astoundingly stupid way to do something. This term is generally used in deadpan sarcasm, as its impact is greatest when the person speaking looks completely serious. Compare stunning. See also Bad Thing.
Node:nonlinear, Next:nontrivial, Previous:non-optimal solution, Up:= N = nonlinear adj.
[scientific computation] 1. Behaving in an erratic and unpredictable fashion; unstable. When used to describe the behavior of a machine or program, it suggests that said machine or program is being forced to run far outside of design specifications. This behavior may be induced by unreasonable inputs, or may be triggered when a more mundane bug sends the computation far off from its expected course. 2. When describing the behavior of a person, suggests a tantrum or a flame. "When you talk to Bob, don't mention the drug problem or he'll go nonlinear for hours." In this context, 'go nonlinear' connotes 'blow up out of proportion' (proportion connotes linearity).
Node:nontrivial, Next:not ready for prime time, Previous:nonlinear, Up:= N = nontrivial adj.
Requiring real thought or significant computing power. Often used as an understated way of saying that a problem is quite difficult or impractical, or even entirely unsolvable ("Proving P=NP is nontrivial"). The preferred emphatic form is 'decidedly nontrivial'. See trivial, uninteresting, interesting.
Node:not ready for prime time, Next:notwork, Previous:nontrivial, Up:= N = not ready for prime time adj.
Usable, but only just so; not very robust; for internal use only. Said of a program or device. Often connotes that the thing will be made more solid Real Soon Now. This term comes from the ensemble name of the original cast of "Saturday Night Live", the "Not Ready for Prime Time Players". It has extra flavor for hackers because of the special (though now semi-obsolescent) meaning of prime time. Compare beta.
Node:notwork, Next:NP-, Previous:not ready for prime time, Up:= N = notwork /not'werk/ n. A network, when it is acting flaky or is down. Compare nyetwork. Said at IBM to have originally referred to a particular period of flakiness on IBM's VNET corporate network ca. 1988; but there are independent reports of the term from elsewhere.
Node:NP-, Next:nroff, Previous:notwork, Up:= N = NP- /N-P/ pref.
Extremely. Used to modify adjectives describing a level or quality of difficulty; the connotation is often 'more so than it should be' This is generalized from the computer-science terms 'NP-hard' and 'NP-complete'; NP-complete problems all seem to be very hard, but so far no one has found a proof that they are. NP is the set of Nondeterministic-Polynomial algorithms, those that can be completed by a nondeterministic Turing machine in an amount of time that is a polynomial function of the size of the input; a solution for one NP-complete problem would solve all the others. "Coding a BitBlt implementation to perform correctly in every case is NP-annoying."
Note, however, that strictly speaking this usage is misleading; there are plenty of easy problems in class NP.
NP-complete problems are hard not because they are in class NP, but because they are the hardest problems in class NP.
Node:nroff, Next:NSA line eater, Previous:NP-, Up:= N = nroff /N'rof/ n. [Unix, from "new roff" (see troff)] A companion program to the Unix typesetter troff, accepting identical input but preparing output for terminals and line printers.
Node:NSA line eater, Next:NSP, Previous:nroff, Up:= N = NSA line eater n. The National Security Agency trawling program sometimes assumed to be reading the net for the U.S. Government's spooks.
Most hackers used to think it was mythical but believed in acting as though existed just in case. since the mid-1990s it has gradually become known that the NSA actually does this, quite illegaly, through its Echelon program.


.] 1. The act of disengaging or setting free, or the state of being disengaged.

 It is easy to render this disengagement of caloric and light evident to the senses.

Transl. of Lavoisier.
 A disengagement from earthly trammels.

Sir W. Jones.
2. Freedom from engrossing occupation; leisure.

Disengagement is absolutely necessary to enjoyment.

Bp. Butler.
 Dis'en*ga"ging (?), a. Loosing; setting free; detaching.

Disengaging machinery. See under Engaging.

 Dis'en*no"ble (?), v. t. To deprive of that which ennobles; to degrade.

 An unworthy behavior degrades and disennobles a man.

Guardian.
 Dis'en*roll" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Disenrolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disenrolling.] To erase from a roll or list.
 [Written also disenrol.] Donne.
 Dis'en*san"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. dis- + en (L. in) + sanity.] Insanity; folly. [Obs.]

 What tediosity and disensanity Is here among!

Beau. & Fl.
 Dis'en*shroud"ed (?), a. Freed from a shroudlike covering; unveiled.

 The disenshrouded statue.

R. Browning.
 Dis'en*slave" (?), v. t. To free from bondage or slavery; to disenthrall.

 He shall disenslave and redeem his soul.

South.
 Dis'en*tail" (?), v. t. (Law) To free from entailment.

 Dis'en*tan"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disentangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disentangling (?).] 1. To free from entanglement; to release from a condition of being intricately and confusedly involved or interlaced; to reduce to orderly arrangement; to straighten out; as, to disentangle a skein of yarn.

2. To extricate from complication and perplexity; disengage from embarrassing connection or intermixture; to disembroil; to set free; to separate.

 To disentangle truth from error.

Stewart.
 To extricate and disentangle themselves out of this labyrinth.

Clarendon.
 A mind free and disentangled from all corporeal mixtures.

Bp. Stillingfleet.
Syn. -- To loose; extricate; disembarrass; disembroil; clear; evolve; disengage; separate; detach.

 Dis'en*tan"gle*ment (?), n. The act of disentangling or clearing from difficulties. Warton.
 Dis'en*ter" (?), v. t. See Disinter.

 Dis'en*thrall" (?), v. t. [See Enthrall.] To release from thralldom or slavery; to give freedom to; to disinthrall. [Written also disenthral.]
 Milton.
 Dis'en*thrall"ment (?), n. Liberation from bondage; emancipation; disinthrallment. [Written also disenthralment.]

 Dis'en*throne" (?), v. t. To dethrone; to depose from sovereign authority. Milton.
 Dis'en*ti"tle (?), v. t. To deprive of title or claim.

 Every ordinary offense does not disentitle a son to the love of his father.

South.
 Dis'en*tomb" (?), v. t. To take out from a tomb; a disinter.

 Dis'en*trail" (?), v. t. To disembowel; to let out or draw forth, as the entrails. [Obs.]

 As if he thought her soul to disentrail.

Spenser.
 Dis'en*trance" (?), v. t. To awaken from a trance or an enchantment. Hudibras.
 Dis'en*twine" (?), v. t. To free from being entwined or twisted. Shelley.
 Di*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Pref. di- + sepalous.] (Bot.)
 Having two sepals; twosepaled.

 Dis*ert" (?), a. [L. disertus, for dissertus, p. p.: cf. F. disert. See Dissert.] Eloquent. [Obs.]

 Dis*er"ti*tude (?), n. [L. disertitud&?;.] Eloquence.
 [Obs.]

 Dis*ert"y (?), adv. Expressly; clearly; eloquently. [Obs.] Holland.
 Dis'es*pouse" (?), v. t. To release from espousal or plighted faith. [Poetic] Milton.
 Dis'es*tab"lish (?), v. t. To unsettle; to break up (anything established); to deprive, as a church, of its connection with the state.
 M. Arnold.
 Dis'es*tab"lish*ment (?), n. 1. The act or process of unsettling or breaking up that which has been established; specifically, the withdrawal of the support of the state from an established church; as, the disestablishment and disendowment of the Irish Church by Act of Parliament.

2. The condition of being disestablished.

 Dis'es*teem" (?), n. Want of esteem; low estimation, inclining to dislike; disfavor; disrepute.

Disesteem and contempt of the public affairs.

Milton.
 Dis'es*teem", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disesteemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disesteeming.] 1. To feel an absence of esteem for; to regard with disfavor or slight contempt; to slight.

 But if this sacred gift you disesteem.

Denham.
 Qualities which society does not disesteem.

Ld. Lytton.
2. To deprive of esteem; to bring into disrepute; to cause to be regarded with disfavor. [Obs.]

 What fables have you vexed, what truth redeemed, Antiquities searched, opinions disesteemed?

B. Jonson.
 Dis'es*teem"er (?), n. One who disesteems. Boyle.
 Dis*es'ti*ma"tion (?), n. Disesteem.

 Dis*ex"er*cise (?), v. t. To deprive of exercise; to leave untrained. [Obs.]

 By disexercising and blunting our abilities.

Milton.
 Dis*fame" (?), n. Disrepute. [R.] Tennyson.
 Dis*fan"cy (?), v. t. To dislike. [Obs.]

 Dis*fash"ion (?), v. t. [Pref. dis- + fashion. See Fashion, and cf. Defeat.] To disfigure. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
 Dis*fa"vor (?), n. [Pref. dis- + favor: cf. OF. disfaveur, F. défaveur.] [Written also disfavour.] 1.
 Want of favor of favorable regard; disesteem; disregard.

 The people that deserved my disfavor.

Is. x. 6 (1551).
 Sentiment of disfavor against its ally.

Gladstone.
2. The state of not being in favor; a being under the displeasure of some one; state of unacceptableness; as, to be in disfavor at court.

3. An unkindness; a disobliging act.

 He might dispense favors and disfavors.

Clarendon.
 Dis*fa"vor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disfavored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disfavoring.] 1. To withhold or withdraw favor


ance, glass painting and glass staining (see Glass staining, below) are used indifferently for all colored decorative work in windows, and the like. -- Glass paper, paper faced with pulvirezed glass, and used for abrasive purposes. -- Glass silk, fine threads of glass, wound, when in fusion, on rapidly rotating heated cylinders. -- Glass silvering, the process of transforming plate glass into mirrors by coating it with a reflecting surface, a deposit of silver, or a mercury amalgam. - - Glass soap, or Glassmaker's soap, the black oxide of manganese or other substances used by glass makers to take away color from the materials for glass. -- Glass staining, the art or practice of coloring glass in its whole substance, or, in the case of certain colors, in a superficial film only; also, decorative work in glass. Cf. Glass painting. -- Glass tears. See Rupert's drop. -- Glass works, an establishment where glass is made. -- Heavy glass, a heavy optical glass, consisting essentially of a borosilicate of potash. -- Millefiore glass. See Millefiore. -- Plate glass, a fine kind of glass, cast in thick plates, and flattened by heavy rollers, -- used for mirrors and the best windows. -- Pressed glass, glass articles formed in molds by pressure when hot. -- Soluble glass (Chem.), a silicate of sodium or potassium, found in commerce as a white, glassy mass, a stony powder, or dissolved as a viscous, sirupy liquid; -- used for rendering fabrics incombustible, for hardening artificial stone, etc.; -- called also water glass. -- Spun glass, glass drawn into a thread while liquid. -- Toughened glass, Tempered glass, glass finely tempered or annealed, by a peculiar method of sudden cooling by plunging while hot into oil, melted wax, or paraffine, etc.; -- called also, from the name of the inventor of the process, Bastie glass.
 -- Water glass. (Chem.) See Soluble glass, above. -- Window glass, glass in panes suitable for windows.

 Glass, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glassing.] 1. To reflect, as in a mirror; to mirror; -- used reflexively.

 Happy to glass themselves in such a mirror.

Motley.
 Where the Almighty's form glasses itself in tempests.

Byron.
2. To case in glass. [R.] Shak.
3. To cover or furnish with glass; to glaze. Boyle.
4. To smooth or polish anything, as leater, by rubbing it with a glass burnisher.

 Glass"-crab' (?), n. (Zoöl.) The larval state (Phyllosoma) of the genus Palinurus and allied genera. It is remarkable for its strange outlines, thinness, and transparency. See Phyllosoma.

 Glass"en (?), a. Glassy; glazed. [Obs.]

 And pursues the dice with glassen eyes.

B. Jonson.
 Glass"eye' (?), n. 1. (Zoöl.) A fish of the great lakes; the wall-eyed pike.

2. (Far.) A species of blindness in horses in which the eye is bright and the pupil dilated; a sort of amaurosis. Youatt.
 Glass"-faced' (?), a. Mirrorfaced; reflecting the sentiments of another. [R.] "The glass-faced flatterer." Shak.
 Glass"ful (?), n.; pl. Glassfuls (&?;). The contents of a glass; as much of anything as a glass will hold.

 Glass"ful, a. Glassy; shining like glass. [Obs.] "Minerva's glassful shield." Marston.
 Glass"-gaz'ing (?), a. Given to viewing one's self in a glass or mirror; finical. [Poetic] Shak.
 Glass"house' (?), n. A house where glass is made; a commercial house that deals in glassware.

 Glass"i*ly (?), adv. So as to resemble glass.

 Glass"i*ness, n. The quality of being glassy.

 Glass"ite (?), n. A member of a Scottish sect, founded in the 18th century by John Glass, a minister of the Established Church of Scotland, who taught that justifying faith is "no more than a simple assent to the divine testimone passively recived by the understanding."
 The English and American adherents of this faith are called Sandemanians, after Robert Sandeman, the son-in-law and disciple of Glass.

 Glass" mak'er (?), or Glass"mak'er, n. One who makes, or manufactures, glass. -- Glass" mak'ing, or Glass"mak'ing, n. Glass"-rope' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A remarkable vitreous sponge, of the genus Hyalonema, first brought from Japan. It has a long stem, consisting of a bundle of long and large, glassy, siliceous fibers, twisted together.

 Glass"-snail' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A small, transparent, land snail, of the genus Vitrina.

 Glass"-snake' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A long, footless lizard (Ophiosaurus ventralis), of the Southern United States; -- so called from its fragility, the tail easily breaking into small pieces. It grows to the length of three feet. The name is applied also to similar species found in the Old World.

 Glass"-sponge' (?), n. (Zoöl.) A siliceous sponge, of the genus Hyalonema, and allied genera; -- so called from their glassy fibers or spicules; -- called also vitreous sponge. See Glass-rope, and Euplectella.

 Glass"ware (?), n. Ware, or articles collectively, made of glass.

 Glass"work' (?), n. Manufacture of glass; articles or ornamentation made of glass.

 Glass"wort' (?), n. (Bot.) A seashore plant of the Spinach family (Salicornia herbacea), with succulent jointed stems; also, a prickly plant of the same family (Salsola Kali), both formerly burned for the sake of the ashes, which yield soda for making glass and soap.

 Glass"y (?), a. 1. Made of glass; vitreous; as, a glassy substance. Bacon.
2. Resembling glass in its properties, as in smoothness, brittleness, or transparency; as, a glassy stream; a glassy surface; the glassy deep.

3. Dull; wanting life or fire; lackluster; -- said of the eyes. "In his glassy eye." Byron.
Glassy feldspar (Min.), a variety of orthoclase; sanidine.

 Glas"ton*bur*y thorn' (?). (Bot.) A variety of the common hawthorn.
 Loudon.
 Glas"ynge (?), n. Glazing or glass. [Obs.]

 Glau"ber*ite (?), n. [From Glauber, a German chemist, died 1668: cf. F. glaubérite, G. glauberit.] (Min.)
 A mineral, consisting of the sulphates of soda and lime.

 Glau"ber's salt' (?) or Glau"ber's salts' (&?;). [G. glaubersalz, from Glauber, a German chemist who discovered it. See Glauberite.]
 Sulphate of soda, a wellknown cathartic. It is a white crystalline substance, with a cooling, slightly bitter taste, and is commonly called "salts."

 It occurs naturally and abundantly in some mineral springs, and in many salt deposits, as the mineral mirabilite. It is manufactured in large quantities as an intermediate


FEN notation is an ASCII representation of positions on a chessboard.
To produce a FEN file, remove the indicated lines at the start and end of this file.


play with, I must henceforth put up with the anaemic, night-gowned nonentities that hovered over the bed of the Sunday-school child in the pages of the Sabbath Improver.

 I was led ignominiously out of the house, in a pulpy, watery state, while the butler handled his swing doors with a stony, impassive countenance, intended for the deception of the very elect, though it did not deceive me. I knew well enough that next time he was off duty, and strolled around our way, we should meet in our kitchen as man to man, and I would punch him and ask him riddles, and he would teach me tricks with corks and bits of string. So his unsympathetic manner did not add to my depression.

 I maintained a diplomatic blubber long after we had been packed into our pony-carriage and the lodge-gate had clicked behind us, because it served as a sort of armour-plating against heckling and argument and abuse, and I was thinking hard and wanted to be let alone. And the thoughts that I was thinking were two.

 First I thought, "I've got ahead of Charlotte THIS time!" And next I thought, "When I've grown up big, and have money of my own, and a full-sized walking-stick, I will set out early one morning, and never stop till I get to that little walled town." There ought to be no real difficulty in the task. It only meant asking here and asking there, and people were very obliging, and I could describe every stick and stone of it.

 As for the island which I had never even seen, that was not so easy. Yet I felt confident that somehow, at some time, sooner or later, I was destined to arrive.

 A SAGA OF THE SEAS It happened one day that some ladies came to call, who were not at all the sort I was used to. They suffered from a grievance, so far as I could gather, and the burden of their plaint was Man—Men in general and Man in particular. (Though the words were but spoken, I could clearly discern the capital M in their acid utterance.)

 Of course I was not present officially, so to speak. Down below, in my sub-world of chair-legs and hearthrugs and the undersides of sofas, I was working out my own floor-problems, while they babbled on far above my head, considering me as but a chair-leg, or even something lower in the scale. Yet I was listening hard all the time, with that respectful consideration one gives to all grown-up people's remarks, so long as one knows no better.

 It seemed a serious indictment enough, as they rolled it out. In tact, considerateness, and right appreciation, as well as in taste and aesthetic sensibilities—we failed at every point, we breeched and bearded prentice-jobs of Nature; and I began to feel like collapsing on the carpet from sheer spiritual anaemia. But when one of them, with a swing of her skirt, prostrated a whole regiment of my brave tin soldiers, and never apologized nor even offered her aid toward revivifying the battle-line, I could not help feeling that in tactfulness and consideration for others she was still a little to seek. And I said as much, with some directness of language.

 That was the end of me, from a society point of view. Rudeness to visitors was the unpardonable sin, and in two seconds I had my marching orders, and was sullenly wending my way to the St. Elelena of the nursery. As I climbed the stair, my thoughts reverted somehow to a game we had been playing that very morning.

 It was the good old game of Rafts,—a game that will be played till all the oceans are dry and all the trees in the world are felled—and after. And we were all crowded together on the precarious little platform, and Selina occupied every bit as much room as I did, and Charlotte's legs didn't dangle over any more than Harold's. The pitiless sun overhead beat on us all with tropic impartiality, and the hungry sharks, whose fins scored the limitless Pacific stretching out on every side, were impelled by an appetite that made no exceptions as to sex. When we shared the ultimate biscuit and circulated the last water-keg, the girls got an absolute fourth apiece, and neither more nor less; and the only partiality shown was entirely in favour of Charlotte, who was allowed to perceive and to hail the saviour-sail on the horizon. And this was only because it was her turn to do so, not because she happened to be this or that. Surely, the rules of the raft were the rules of life, and in what, then, did these visitor-ladies' grievance consist?

 Puzzled and a little sulky, I pushed open the door of the deserted nursery, where the raft that had rocked beneath so many hopes and fears still occupied the ocean-floor. To the dull eye, that merely tarries upon the outsides of things, it might have appeared unromantic and even unraftlike, consisting only as it did of a round sponge-bath on a bald deal towel-horse placed flat on the floor. Even to myself much of the recent raft-glamour seemed to have departed as I half-mechanically stepped inside and curled myself up in it for a solitary voyage. Once I was in, however, the old magic and mystery returned in full flood, when I discovered that the inequalities of the towel-horse caused the bath to rock, slightly, indeed, but easily and incessantly. A few minutes of this delightful motion, and one was fairly launched. So those women below didn't want us? Well, there were other women, and other places, that did.
 And this was going to be no scrambling raft-affair, but a full-blooded voyage of the Man, equipped and purposeful, in search of what was his rightful own.

 Whither should I shape my course, and what sort of vessel should I charter for the voyage? The shipping of all England was mine to pick from, and the far corners of the globe were my rightful inheritance. A frigate, of course, seemed the natural vehicle for a boy of spirit to set out in. And yet there was something rather "uppish" in commanding a frigate at the very first set-off, and little spread was left for the ambition. Frigates, too, could always be acquired later by sheer adventure; and your real hero generally saved up a square-rigged ship for the final achievement and the rapt return. No, it was a schooner that I was aboard of—a schooner whose masts raked devilishly as the leaping seas hissed along her low black gunwale. Many hairbrained youths started out on a mere cutter; but I was prudent, and besides I had some inkling of the serious affairs that were ahead.

 I have said I was already on board; and, indeed, on this occasion I was too hungry for adventure to linger over what would have been a special delight at a period of more leisure—the dangling about the harbour, the choosing your craft, selecting your shipmates, stowing your cargo, and fitting up your private cabin with everything you might want to put your hand on in any emergency whatever. I could not wait for that. Out beyond soundings the big seas were racing westward and calling me, albatrosses hovered motionless, expectant of a comrade, and a thousand islands held each of them a fresh adventure, stored up, hidden away, awaiting production, expressly saved for me. We were humming, close-hauled, down the Channel, spray in the eyes and the shrouds thrilling musically, in much less time than the average man would have taken to transfer his Gladstone bag and his rugs from the train to a sheltered place on the promenade-deck of the tame daily steamer.


SONGS, MERRY AND SAD by John Charles McNeill [American (North Carolina) poet. _PHONE_.]

 To JOSEPH P. CALDWELL ("The Old Man") CONTENTS SONGS, MERRY AND SAD The Bride "Oh, Ask Me Not" Isabel To ——— To Melvin Gardner: Suicide Away Down Home For Jane's Birthday A Secret The Old Bad Woman Valentine A Photograph Jesse Covington An Idyl Home Songs M. W. Ransom Protest Oblivion Now!
 Tommy Smith Before Bedtime "If I Could Glimpse Him" Attraction Love's Fashion Alcestis Reminiscence Sonnet Lines An Easter Hymn A Christmas Hymn When I Go Home Odessa Trifles Sunburnt Boys Gray Days An Invalid A Caged Mocking-Bird Dawn Harvest Two Pictures October The Old Clock Tear Stains A Prayer She Being Young Paul Jones The Drudge The Wife Vision September Barefooted Pardon Time The Rattlesnake The Prisoner Sonnet Folk Song "97": The Fast Mail Sundown At Sea L'envoi SONGS, MERRY AND SAD The Bride "Oh, Ask Me Not" Isabel To ——— To Melvin Gardner: Suicide Away Down Home For Jane's Birthday A Secret The Old Bad Woman Valentine A Photograph Jesse Covington An Idyl Home Songs M. W. Ransom Protest Oblivion Now!

 Tommy Smith Before Bedtime "If I Could Glimpse Him" Attraction Love's Fashion Alcestis Reminiscence Sonnet Lines An Easter Hymn A Christmas Hymn When I Go Home Odessa Trifles Sunburnt Boys Gray Days An Invalid A Caged Mocking-Bird Dawn Harvest Two Pictures October The Old Clock Tear Stains A Prayer She Being Young Paul Jones The Drudge The Wife Vision September Barefooted Pardon Time The Rattlesnake The Prisoner Sonnet Folk Song "97": The Fast Mail Sundown At Sea L'envoi [End of original text.]

 Notes: John Charles McNeill was born in Scotland County, near Laurinburg, North Carolina, on 26 July 1874, and died on 17 October 1907 (when he was 33 years old). He only produced this one volume before he died, though he planned a second, which was published posthumously. "Songs, Merry and Sad", first published in Charlotte in 1906, went through at least five printings over more than 60 years. (This text is taken from the very first edition.)

 Both of McNeill's grandfathers came from Scotland.

 McNeill attended Wake Forest College, where he received both his Bachelor's and Master's degrees. In _PHONE_ he taught English at Mercer University.

 Some of his poems were published nationally as early as 1901. More of his poems were published by 'The Charlotte Observer' starting in 1903, and in 1904 he joined its staff.

 This etext was created by entering the text (manually) twice, once from the first printing (1906) and once from the second printing (no date), and comparing the two. There were some slight differences in the two printings.

 A portrait of John Charles McNeill faces the title page (p. 3) in the second printing, but is absent in the first.

 The first printing gives the publisher as Stone & Barringer Co. and gives the date as 1906. The second printing gives the publisher as Stone Publishing Co., and gives no date. Both were printed in Charlotte, N.C.

 One error was corrected (the second printing also corrected this error): The second printing also changed the title of the poem [ To Melvin Gardner: Suicide ], on p. 19, to [ To Melvin Gardner: ]—in the text, but not in the table of Contents. This may have been done in deference to the family—attitudes on suicide were once quite different than now—but as it has been quite some time, and the original title gives more meaning to the poem, it has been retained.

 The Title of the poem [ Now! ] did not have the exclamation point in the table of Contents. It has been added to match the text. The Title of the poem [ "97": The Fast Mail ] appeared as such in the text, but as ["97:" The Fast Mail ] in the Contents. The latter was changed to match the text.

 In the original, the book's title does not separate the Contents from the first poem. It has been placed there as a sort of divider.

 In two places ASCII fails to provide enough characters for a correct rendering. They are the words Provencal (the c with a cedilla) and mailed (the e with an acute accent, to indicate that the word is to be said with two syllables). These occur in "Reminiscence" and "The Rattlesnake".


. obs.
[Usenet] 1. A bug in some now-obsolete versions of the netnews software that used to eat up to BUFSIZ bytes of the article text.
The bug was triggered by having the text of the article start with a space or tab. This bug was quickly personified as a mythical creature called the 'line eater', and postings often included a dummy line of 'line eater food'. Ironically, line eater 'food' not beginning with a space or tab wasn't actually eaten, since the bug was avoided; but if there was a space or tab before it, then the line eater would eat the food and the beginning of the text it was supposed to be protecting. The practice of 'sacrificing to the line eater' continued for some time after the bug had been nailed to the wall, and is still humorously referred to. The bug itself was still occasionally reported to be lurking in some mail-to-netnews gateways as late as 1991. 2. See NSA line eater.
Node:line noise, Next:line starve, Previous:line eater the, Up:= L = line noise n.
1. [techspeak] Spurious characters due to electrical noise in a communications link, especially an RS-232 serial connection.
Line noise may be induced by poor connections, interference or crosstalk from other circuits, electrical storms, cosmic rays, or (notionally) birds crapping on the phone wires. 2. Any chunk of data in a file or elsewhere that looks like the results of line noise in sense 1.
3. Text that is theoretically a readable text or program source but employs syntax so bizarre that it looks like line noise in senses 1 or 2. Yes, there are languages this ugly. The canonical example is TECO; it is often claimed that "TECO's input syntax is indistinguishable from line noise."
Other non-WYSIWYG editors, such as Multics qed and Unix ed, in the hands of a real hacker, also qualify easily, as do deliberately obfuscated languages such as INTERCAL.
Node:line starve, Next:linearithmic, Previous:line noise, Up:= L = line starve [MIT] 1. vi. To feed paper through a printer the wrong way by one line (most printers can't do this). On a display terminal, to move the cursor up to the previous line of the screen. "To print 'X squared', you just output 'X', line starve, '2', line feed."
(The line starve causes the '2' to appear on the line above the 'X', and the line feed gets back to the original line.) 2. n. A character (or character sequence) that causes a terminal to perform this action. ASCII _PHONE_, also called SUB or control-Z, was one common line-starve character in the days before microcomputers and the X3.64 terminal standard. Today, the term might be used for the ISO reverse line feed character 0x8D.
Unlike 'line feed', 'line starve' is not standard ASCII terminology. Even among hackers it is considered a bit silly. 3. [proposed] A sequence such as \c (used in System V echo, as well as nroff and troff) that suppresses a newline or other character(s) that would normally be emitted.
Node:linearithmic, Next:link farm, Previous:line starve, Up:= L = linearithmic adj.
Of an algorithm, having running time that is O(N log N).
Coined as a portmanteau of 'linear' and 'logarithmic' in "Algorithms In C" by Robert Sedgewick (Addison-Wesley 1990, ISBN 0-201-51425-7).
Node:link farm, Next:link rot, Previous:linearithmic, Up:= L = link farm n.
[Unix] A directory tree that contains many links to files in a master directory tree of files. Link farms save space when one is maintaining several nearly identical copies of the same source tree -- for example, when the only difference is architecture-dependent object files. "Let's freeze the source and then rebuild the FROBOZZ-3 and FROBOZZ-4 link farms." Link farms may also be used to get around restrictions on the number of -I (include-file directory) arguments on older C preprocessors. However, they can also get completely out of hand, becoming the filesystem equivalent of spaghetti code.
Node:link rot, Next:link-dead, Previous:link farm, Up:= L = link rot n. The natural decay of web links as the sites they're connected to change or die. Compare bit rot.
Node:link-dead, Next:lint, Previous:link rot, Up:= L = link-dead adj.
[MUD] The state a player is in when they kill their connection to a MUD without leaving it properly.
The player is then commonly left as a statue in the game, and is only removed after a certain period of time (an hour on most MUDs). Used on IRC as well, although it is inappropriate in that context. Compare netdead.
Node:lint, Next:Lintel, Previous:link-dead, Up:= L = lint [from Unix's lint(1), named for the bits of fluff it supposedly picks from programs] 1. vt. To examine a program closely for style, language usage, and portability problems, esp.
if in C, esp. if via use of automated analysis tools, most esp.
if the Unix utility lint(1) is used. This term used to be restricted to use of lint(1) itself, but (judging by references on Usenet) it has become a shorthand for desk check at some non-Unix shops, even in languages other than C. Also as v. delint. 2. n. Excess verbiage in a document, as in "This draft has too much lint".
Node:Lintel, Next:Linus, Previous:lint, Up:= L = Lintel n. The emerging Linux/Intel alliance.
This term began to be used in early 1999 after it became clear that the Wintel alliance was under increasing strain and Intel started taking stakes in Linux companies.
Node:Linus, Next:Linux, Previous:Lintel, Up:= L = Linus /leen'us'/ or /lin'us'/, not /li:'nus/ Linus Torvalds, the author of Linux. Nobody in the hacker culture has been as readily recognized by first name alone since Ken (Thompson).
Node:Linux, Next:lion food, Previous:Linus, Up:= L = Linux /lee'nuhks/ or /li'nuks/, not /li:'nuhks/ n. The free Unix workalike created by Linus Torvalds and friends starting about 1991. The pronunciation /lee'nuhks/ is preferred because the name 'Linus' has an /ee/ sound in Swedish (Linus's family is part of Finland's 6% ethnic-Swedish minority). This may be the most remarkable hacker project in history -- an entire clone of Unix for 386, 486 and Pentium micros, distributed for free with sources over the net (ports to Alpha and Sparc and many other machines are also in use).
Linux is what GNU aimed to be, and it relies on the GNU toolset. But the Free Software Foundation didn't produce the kernel to go with that toolset until 1999, which was too late. Other, similar efforts like FreeBSD and NetBSD have been technically successful but never caught fire the way Linux has; as this is written in 2000, Linux is seriously challenging Microsoft's OS dominance. It has already captured 31% of the Internet-server market and 25% of general business servers.
An earlier version of this entry opined "The secret of Linux's success seems to be that Linus worked much harder early on to keep the development process open and recruit other hackers, creating a snowball effect." Truer than we knew. See bazaar.
(Some people object that the name 'Linux' should be used to refer only to the kernel, not the entire operating system. This claim is a proxy for an underlying territorial dispute; people who insist on the term 'GNU/Linux' want the the FSF to get most of the credit for Linux because RMS and friends wrote many of its user-level tools. Neither this theory nor the term 'GNU/Linux' has gained more


Either origin of the Couvade is consistent with early beliefs and customs.
EYEBRIGHT. This is a purely fanciful rendering of Esclaire.
Footnotes: {1} Gaston Paris, in M. Bida's edition, p. xii. Paris, 1878.
The blending is not unknown in various countries. See note at end of Translation.
{2} I know not if I unconsciously transferred this criticism from M. Gaston Paris.
{3} "Love in Idleness." London, 1883, p. 169.
{4} Theocritus, x. 37.
{5} I have not thought it necessary to discuss the conjectures,—they are no more,—about the Greek or Arabic origin of the cante-fable, about the derivation of Aucassin's name, the supposed copying of Floire et Blancheflor, the longitude and latitude of the land of Torelore, and so forth. In truth "we are in Love's land to-day," where the ships sail without wind or compass, like the barques of the Phaeacians. Brunner and Suchier add nothing positive to our knowledge, and M. Gaston Paris pretends to cast but little light on questions which it is too curious to consider at all.
In revising the translation I have used with profit the versions of M. Bida, of Mr. Bourdillon, the glossary of Suchier, and Mr. Bourdillon's glossary. As for the style I have attempted, if not Old English, at least English which is elderly, with a memory of Malory.
***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUCASSIN AND NICOLETE***


help me. In the imperative mood, but not in the indicative, it may be used with the verb to be; as, do be quiet. Do, did, and done often stand as a general substitute or representative verb, and thus save the repetition of the principal verb. "To live and die is all we have to do." Denham.
 In the case of do and did as auxiliaries, the sense may be completed by the infinitive (without to) of the verb represented.
 "When beauty lived and died as flowers do now." Shak. "I..
 . chose my wife as she did her wedding gown." Goldsmith.
 My brightest hopes giving dark fears a being. As the light does the shadow.

 Longfellow.
 In unemphatic affirmative sentences do is, for the most part, archaic or poetical; as, "This just reproach their virtue does excite." Dryden.
To do one's best, To do one's diligence (and the like), to exert one's self; to put forth one's best or most or most diligent efforts. "We will... do our best to gain their assent." Jowett (Thucyd.). -- To do one's business, to ruin one. [Colloq.] Wycherley.
 -- To do one shame, to cause one shame. [Obs.] -- To do over.
 (a) To make over; to perform a second time. (b) To cover; to spread; to smear. "Boats... sewed together and done over with a kind of slimy stuff like rosin." De Foe. -- To do to death, to put to death. (See 7.) [Obs.] -- To do up. (a) To put up; to raise. [Obs.] Chaucer. (b) To pack together and envelop; to pack up. (c) To accomplish thoroughly. [Colloq.] (d) To starch and iron. "A rich gown of velvet, and a ruff done up with the famous yellow starch." Hawthorne. -- To do way, to put away; to lay aside. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To do with, to dispose of; to make use of; to employ; -- usually preceded by what.
 "Men are many times brought to that extremity, that were it not for God they would not know what to do with themselves." Tillotson.
 -- To have to do with, to have concern, business or intercourse with; to deal with. When preceded by what, the notion is usually implied that the affair does not concern the person denoted by the subject of have. "Philology has to do with language in its fullest sense." Earle. "What have I to do with you, ye sons of Zeruiah? 2 Sam. xvi. 10.
 Do (?), v. i. 1. To act or behave in any manner; to conduct one's self.

 They fear not the Lord, neither do they after... the law and commandment.

 2 Kings xvii. 34.
2. To fare; to be, as regards health; as, they asked him how he did; how do you do today?

3. [Perh. a different word. OE. dugen, dowen, to avail, be of use, AS. dugan. See Doughty.] To succeed; to avail; to answer the purpose; to serve; as, if no better plan can be found, he will make this do.

 You would do well to prefer a bill against all kings and parliaments since the Conquest; and if that won't do; challenge the crown.

 Collier.
To do by. See under By. -- To do for. (a) To answer for; to serve as; to suit. (b) To put an end to; to ruin; to baffle completely; as, a goblet is done for when it is broken. [Colloq.]

 Some folks are happy and easy in mind when their victim is stabbed and done for.

Thackeray.
 -- To do withal, to help or prevent it. [Obs.] "I could not do withal."
 Shak. -- To do without, to get along without; to dispense with. - - To have done, to have made an end or conclusion; to have finished; to be quit; to desist. -- To have done with, to have completed; to be through with; to have no further concern with. -- Well to do, in easy circumstances.

 Do, n. 1. Deed; act; fear. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott.
2. Ado; bustle; stir; to do. [R.]

 A great deal of do, and a great deal of trouble.

 Selden.
3. A cheat; a swindle. [Slang, Eng.]

 ||Do"ab (?), [Pers. & Hind. dob, prop., two waters.] A tongue or tract of land included between two rivers; as, the doab between the Ganges and the Jumna. [India] Am. Cyc.
 Do"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being done. Carlyle.
 Do"-all' (?), n. General manager; factotum.

 Under him, Dunstan was the do-all at court, being the king's treasurer, councilor, chancellor, confessor, all things.

 Fuller.
 Do"and (?), p. pr. Doing. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Doat (?), v. i. See Dote.

 Dob"ber (?), n. 1. (Zoöl.) See Dabchick.

2. A float to a fishing line. [Local, U. S.]

 Dob"bin (?), n. 1. An old jaded horse. Shak.
2. Sea gravel mixed with sand. [Prov. Eng.]

 Dob"chick' (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Dabchick.

 Dob"son (?), n. (Zoöl.) The aquatic larva of a large neuropterous insect (Corydalus cornutus), used as bait in angling.
 See Hellgamite.

 Dob"ule (?), n. (Zoöl.) The European dace.

 Do"cent (?), a. [L. docens, - entis, p. pr. of docere to teach.] Serving to instruct; teaching. [Obs.]

 ||Do*ce"tæ (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. &?; to appear.] (Eccl.
 Hist.) Ancient heretics who held that Christ's body was merely a phantom or appearance.

 Do*cet"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, held by, or like, the Docetæ.
 "Docetic Gnosticism." Plumptre.
 Doc"e*tism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The doctrine of the Docetæ.

 Doch"mi*ac (?), a. (Pros.) Pertaining to, or containing, the dochmius.

 ||Doch"mi*us (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] (Pros.) A foot of five syllables (usually &?; -- -&?; - ).

 { Doc'i*bil"i*ty (?), Doc"i*ble*ness (?), } n. [L. docibilitas.]
 Aptness for being taught; teachableness; docility.

 To persons of docibility, the real character may be easily taught in a few days.

Boyle.
 The docibleness of dogs in general.

Walton.
 Doc"i*ble (?), a. [L. docibilis, fr. docere to teach.] Easily taught or managed; teachable. Milton.
 Doc"ile (?), a. [L. docilis,fr. docere to teach; cf.
 Gr. &?;, and L. discere to learn, Gr. &?; learned, &?; knowing: cf. F. docile. Cf. Doctor, Didactic, Disciple.] 1.
 Teachable; easy to teach; docible


Irish were Phoenicians had a similar origin. The name Fena, used to designate the old Scoti or Irish, is the plural of Fion, "fair," seen in the name of the hero Fion Gall, or "Fingal"; but the monkish chroniclers identified Fena with phoinix, whence arose the myth; and by a like misunderstanding of the epithet Miledh, or "warrior," applied to Fion by the Gaelic bards, there was generated a mythical hero, Milesius, and the soubriquet "Milesian," colloquially employed in speaking of the Irish. 66 So the Franks explained the name of the town Daras, in Mesopotamia, by the story that the Emperor Justinian once addressed the chief magistrate with the exclamation, daras, "thou shalt give": 67 the Greek chronicler, Malalas, who spells the name Doras, informs us with equal complacency that it was the place where Alexander overcame Codomannus with dorn, "the spear." A certain passage in the Alps is called Scaletta, from its resemblance to a staircase; but according to a local tradition it owes its name to the bleaching skeletons of a company of Moors who were destroyed there in the eighth century, while attempting to penetrate into Northern Italy. The name of Antwerp denotes the town built at a "wharf"; but it sounds very much like the Flemish handt werpen, "hand-throwing": "hence arose the legend of the giant who cut of the hands of those who passed his castle without paying him black-mail, and threw them into the Scheldt." 68 In the myth of Bishop Hatto, related in a previous paper, the Mause-thurm is a corruption of maut-thurm; it means "customs-tower," and has nothing to do with mice or rats. Doubtless this etymology was the cause of the floating myth getting fastened to this particular place; that it did not give rise to the myth itself is shown by the existence of the same tale in other places. Somewhere in England there is a place called Chateau Vert; the peasantry have corrupted it into Shotover, and say that it has borne that name ever since Little John shot over a high hill in the neighbourhood. 69 Latium means "the flat land"; but, according to Virgil, it is the place where Saturn once hid (latuisset) from the wrath of his usurping son Jupiter. 70 It was in this way that the constellation of the Great Bear received its name. The Greek word arktos, answering to the Sanskrit riksha, meant originally any bright object, and was applied to the bear—for what reason it would not be easy to state—and to that constellation which was most conspicuous in the latitude of the early home of the Aryans. When the Greeks had long forgotten why these stars were called arktoi, they symbolized them as a Great Bear fixed in the sky. So that, as Max Muller observes, "the name of the Arctic regions rests on a misunderstanding of a name framed thousands of years ago in Central Asia, and the surprise with which many a thoughtful observer has looked at these seven bright stars, wondering why they were ever called the Bear, is removed by a reference to the early annals of human speech." Among the Algonquins the sun-god Michabo was represented as a hare, his name being compounded of michi, "great," and wabos, "a hare"; yet wabos also meant "white," so that the god was doubtless originally called simply "the Great White One." The same naive process has made bears of the Arkadians, whose name, like that of the Lykians, merely signified that they were "children of light"; and the metamorphosis of Kallisto, mother of Arkas, into a bear, and of Lykaon into a wolf, rests apparently upon no other foundation than an erroneous etymology. Originally Lykaon was neither man nor wolf; he was but another form of Phoibos Lykegenes, the light-born sun, and, as Mr. Cox has shown, his legend is but a variation of that of Tantalos, who in time of drought offers to Zeus the flesh of his own offspring, the withered fruits, and is punished for his impiety.

 It seems to me, however, that this explanation, though valid as far as it goes, is inadequate to explain all the features of the werewolf superstition, or to account for its presence in all Aryan countries and among many peoples who are not of Aryan origin. There can be no doubt that the myth-makers transformed Lykaon into a wolf because of his unlucky name; because what really meant "bright man" seemed to them to mean "wolf-man"; but it has by no means been proved that a similar equivocation occurred in the case of all the primitive Aryan werewolves, nor has it been shown to be probable that among each people the being with the uncanny name got thus accidentally confounded with the particular beast most dreaded by that people. Etymology alone does not explain the fact that while Gaul has been the favourite haunt of the man-wolf, Scandinavia has been preferred by the man-bear, and Hindustan by the man-tiger. To account for such a widespread phenomenon we must seek a more general cause.

 Nothing is more strikingly characteristic of primitive thinking than the close community of nature which it assumes between man and brute. The doctrine of metempsychosis, which is found in some shape or other all over the world, implies a fundamental identity between the two; the Hindu is taught to respect the flocks browsing in the meadow, and will on no account lift his hand against a cow, for who knows but it may he his own grandmother? The recent researches of Mr. M'Lennan and Mr. Herbert Spencer have served to connect this feeling with the primeval worship of ancestors and with the savage customs of totemism. 71 The worship of ancestors seems to have been every where the oldest systematized form of fetichistic religion. The reverence paid to the chieftain of the tribe while living was continued and exaggerated after his death The uncivilized man is everywhere incapable of grasping the idea of death as it is apprehended by civilized people. He cannot understand that a man should pass away so as to be no longer capable of communicating with his fellows. The image of his dead chief or comrade remains in his mind, and the savage's philosophic realism far surpasses that of the most extravagant mediaeval schoolmen; to him the persistence of the idea implies the persistence of the reality. The dead man, accordingly, is not really dead; he has thrown off his body like a husk, yet still retains his old appearance, and often shows himself to his old friends, especially after nightfall. He is no doubt possessed of more extensive powers than before his transformation, 72 and may very likely have a share in regulating the weather, granting or withholding rain. Therefore, argues the uncivilized mind, he is to be cajoled and propitiated more sedulously now than before his strange transformation.

 This kind of worship still maintains a languid existence as the state religion of China, and it still exists as a portion of Brahmanism; but in the Vedic religion it is to be seen in all its vigour and in all its naive simplicity. According to the ancient Aryan, the pitris, or "Fathers" (Lat.
 patres), live in the sky along with Yama, the great original Pitri of mankind. This first man came down from heaven in the lightning, and back to heaven both himself and all his offspring must have gone. There they distribute light unto men below, and they shine themselves as stars; and hence the Christianized German peasant, fifty centuries later, tells his children that the stars are angels' eyes, and the English cottager impresses it on the youthful mind that it is wicked to point at the stars, though why he cannot tell. But the Pitris are not stars only, nor do they content themselves with idly looking down on the affairs of men, after the fashion of the laissez-faire divinities of Lucretius. They are, on the contrary, very busy with the weather; they send rain, thunder, and lightning; and they especially delight in rushing over the housetops in a


, and makes destruction please.

Pope.
2. An enticing, dangerous woman. Shak.
3. Something which is insidious or deceptive.

 Consumption is a siren.

W. Irving.
4. A mermaid. [Obs.] Shak.
5. (Zoöl.) Any long, slender amphibian of the genus Siren or family Sirenidæ, destitute of hind legs and pelvis, and having permanent external gills as well as lungs. They inhabit the swamps, lagoons, and ditches of the Southern United States. The more common species (Siren lacertina) is dull lead-gray in color, and becames two feet long.

6. [F. sirène, properly, a siren in sense 1.] (Acoustics) An instrument for producing musical tones and for ascertaining the number of sound waves or vibrations per second which produce a note of a given pitch. The sounds are produced by a perforated rotating disk or disks. A form with two disks operated by steam or highly compressed air is used sounding an alarm to vessels in fog. [Written also sirene, and syren.]

 Si"ren, a. Of or pertaining to a siren; bewitching, like a siren; fascinating; alluring; as, a siren song.

 Si*rene" (?), n. See Siren, 6.

 Si*re"ni*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) An order of large aquatic herbivorous mammals, including the manatee, dugong, rytina, and several fossil genera.

 The hind limbs are either rudimentary or wanting, and the front ones are changed to paddles. They have horny plates on the front part of the jaws, and usually flat-crowned molar teeth. The stomach is complex and the intestine long, as in other herbivorous mammals. See Cetacea (b).

 Si*re"ni*an (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any species of Sirenia.

 Si*ren"ic*al (?), a. Like, or appropriate to, a siren; fascinating; deceptive.

 Here's couple of sirenical rascals shall enchant ye.

Marton.
 Si"ren*ize (?), v. i. To use the enticements of a siren; to act as a siren; to fascinate.

 ||Si*ri"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?; the Dog Star, properly, scorching.] (Med.) (a) A sunstroke.
 (b) The act of exposing to a sun bath. [Obs.] Cf. Insolation.

 Sir"i*us (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;, properly, scorching.] (Astron.) The Dog Star. See Dog Star.

 Sir"keer (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of Asiatic cuckoos of the genus Taccocua, as the Bengal sirkeer (T. sirkee).

 Sir"loin' (?), n. [A corruption of surloin. Not so called because this cut of beef was once jocosely knighted (dubbed Sir Loin) by an English king, as according to a popular story.] A loin of beef, or a part of a loin. [Written also surloin.]

 Sir"name' (?), n. See Surname.

 Si"roc (?), n. See Sirocco. [Poetic] Emerson.
 Si*roc"co (?), n.; pl. Siroccos (?). [It. sirocco, scirocco, Ar. shorug, fr. sharq the rising of the sun, the east, fr, sharaca to rise as the sun. Cf. Saracen.] An oppressive, relaxing wind from the Libyan deserts, chiefly experienced in Italy, Malta, and Sicily.

 Sir"rah (?), n. [Probably from Icel. sra, fr. F. sire.
 See Sir.] A term of address implying inferiority and used in anger, contempt, reproach, or disrespectful familiarity, addressed to a man or boy, but sometimes to a woman. In sililoquies often preceded by ah.
 Not used in the plural. "Ah, sirrah mistress." Beau. & Fl.
 Go, sirrah, to my cell.

Shak.
 Sirt (?), n. [See Syrt.] A quicksand. [Obs.]

 { Sir"up (?) Syr"up }, n. [F. sirop (cf. It. siroppo, Sp. jarabe, jarope, LL. siruppus, syrupus), fr. Ar. sharb a drink, wine, coffee, sirup. Cf. Sherbet.] 1.
 A thick and viscid liquid made from the juice of fruits, herbs, etc., boiled with sugar.

2. A thick and viscid saccharine solution of superior quality (as sugarhouse sirup or molasses, maple sirup); specifically, in pharmacy and often in cookery, a saturated solution of sugar and water (simple sirup), or such a solution flavored or medicated.

 Lucent sirups tinct with cinnamon.

Keats.
Mixing sirup. See the Note under Dextrose.

 { Sir"uped (?), Syr"uped }, a. Moistened, covered, or sweetened with sirup, or sweet juice.

 { Sir"up*y (?), Syr"up*y }, a. Like sirup, or partaking of its qualities. Mortimer.
 ||Sir'vente" (?), n. [F. sirvente, fr. Pr. sirventes, sirventesc, originally, the poem of, or concerning, a sirvent, fr. sirvent, properly, serving, n., one who serves (e. g., as a soldier), fr. servir to serve, L. servire.] A peculiar species of poetry, for the most part devoted to moral and religious topics, and commonly satirical, -- often used by the troubadours of the Middle Ages.

 Sis (?), n. A colloquial abbreviation of Sister.

 Sis (?), n. Six. See Sise. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 { Si*sal" grass' (?), Si*sal" hemp' (?),} The prepared fiber of the Agave Americana, or American aloe, used for cordage; -- so called from Sisal, a port in Yucatan. See Sisal hemp, under Hemp.

 Sis"co*wet (?), n. [OF American Indian origin.] (Zoöl.)
 A large, fat variety of the namaycush found in Lake Superior; -- called also siskawet, siskiwit.

 Sise (?), n. [From Assize.] An assize. [Obs.]

 Sise (?), n. [See Sice.] Six; the highest number on a die; the cast of six in throwing dice.

 In the new casting of a die, when ace is on the top, sise must needs be at the bottom.

Fuller.
 Sis"el (?), n. [Cf. G. ziesel. Cf. Zizel.] (Zoöl.)
 The suslik.

 Si"ser (?), n. Cider. See Sicer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
 { Sis"e*ra*ra (?), Sis"e*ra*ry (?), } n. A hard blow. [Prov. Eng.]
 Halliwell.
 Sis"kin (?), n. [Dan. sisgen; cf. Sw. siska, G. zeisig, D. sijsje; of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. czy&?;.] (Zoöl.)
(a) A small green and yellow European finch (Spinus spinus, or Carduelis spinus); -- called also aberdevine. (b) The American pinefinch (S. pinus); -- called also pine siskin.
 See Pinefinch.

 The name is applied also to several other related species found in Asia and South America.

Siskin green, a delicate shade of yellowish green, as in the mineral torbernite.

 Sis"ki*wit (?), n. (Zoöl.) The siscowet


HOLY-CROSS DAY PROTUS THE STATUE AND THE BUST PORPHYRIA'S LOVER "CHILDE ROLAND TO THE DARK TOWER CAME."


ak.
2. To make a solemn declaration (often a written one) expressive of opposition; -- with against; as, he protest against your votes. Denham.
 The conscience has power... to protest againts the exorbitancies of the passions.

Shak.
Syn. -- To affirm; asseverate; assert; aver; attest; testify; declare; profess. See Affirm.

 Pro*test", v. t. 1. To make a solemn declaration or affirmation of; to proclaim; to display; as, to protest one's loyalty.

 I will protest your cowardice.

Shak.
2. To call as a witness in affirming or denying, or to prove an affirmation; to appeal to.

 Fiercely [they] opposed My journey strange, with clamorous uproar Protesting fate supreme.

Milton.
To protest a bill or note (Law), to make a solemn written declaration, in due form, on behalf of the holder, against all parties liable for any loss or damage to be sustained by the nonacceptance or the nonpayment of the bill or note, as the case may be. This should be made by a notary public, whose seal it is the usual practice to affix. Kent.
 Story.
 Pro"test (?), n. [Cf. F. protêt, It. protesto.
 See Protest, v.] 1. A solemn declaration of opinion, commonly a formal objection against some act; especially, a formal and solemn declaration, in writing, of dissent from the proceedings of a legislative body; as, the protest of lords in Parliament.

2. (Law) (a) A solemn declaration in writing, in due form, made by a notary public, usually under his notarial seal, on behalf of the holder of a bill or note, protesting against all parties liable for any loss or damage by the nonacceptance or nonpayment of the bill, or by the nonpayment of the note, as the case may be. (b) A declaration made by the master of a vessel before a notary, consul, or other authorized officer, upon his arrival in port after a disaster, stating the particulars of it, and showing that any damage or loss sustained was not owing to the fault of the vessel, her officers or crew, but to the perils of the sea, etc., ads the case may be, and protesting against them. (c) A declaration made by a party, before or while paying a tax, duty, or the like, demanded of him, which he deems illegal, denying the justice of the demand, and asserting his rights and claims, in order to show that the payment was not voluntary. Story. Kent.
 Prot"es*tan*cy (?), n. Protestantism. [R.]

 Prot"es*tant (?), n. [F. protestant, fr. L. protestans, -antis, p. pr. of protestare. See Protest, v.] One who protests; -- originally applied to those who adhered to Luther, and protested against, or made a solemn declaration of dissent from, a decree of the Emperor Charles V. and the Diet of Spires, in 1529, against the Reformers, and appealed to a general council; -- now used in a popular sense to designate any Christian who does not belong to the Roman Catholic or the Greek Church.

 Prot"es*tant (?), a. [Cf. F. protestant.] 1. Making a protest; protesting.

2. Of or pertaining to the faith and practice of those Christians who reject the authority of the Roman Catholic Church; as, Protestant writers.

 Prot'es*tant"ic*al (?), a. Protestant. [Obs.]

 Prot"es*tant*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. protestantisme.] The quality or state of being protestant, especially against the Roman Catholic Church; the principles or religion of the Protestants.

 Prot"es*tant*ly, adv. Like a Protestant; in conformity with Protestantism. [R.] Milton.
 Prot'es*ta"tion (?), n. [L. protestatio: cf. F. protestation.
 See Protest.] 1. The act of making a protest; a public avowal; a solemn declaration, especially of dissent. " The protestation of our faith." Latimer.
2. (Law) Formerly, a declaration in common-law pleading, by which the party interposes an oblique allegation or denial of some fact, protesting that it does or does not exist, and at the same time avoiding a direct affirmation or denial.

 Prot"es*ta'tor (?), n. [Cf. F. protestateur.] One who makes protestation; a protester.

 Pro*test"er (?), n. 1. One who protests; one who utters a solemn declaration. Shak.
2. (Law) One who protests a bill of exchange, or note.

 Pro*test"ing*ly, adv. By way of protesting.

 Pro"te*us (?), n. [L., Gr. &?;.] 1. (Class. Myth.)
 A sea god in the service of Neptune who assumed different shapes at will.
 Hence, one who easily changes his appearance or principles.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A genus of aquatic eel-shaped amphibians found in caves in Austria. They have permanent external gills as well as lungs. The eyes are small and the legs are weak. (b) A changeable protozoan; an amœba.

 { Pro'tha*la"mi*on (?), Pro'tha*la"mi*um (?), } n. [NL., fr. Gr.
 &?; before + &?; chamber, especially, the bridal chamber.] A song in celebration of a marriage. Drayton.
 ||Pro*thal"li*um (?), n.; pl. Prothallia (#). [NL.]
 (Bot.) Same as Prothallus.

 ||Pro*thal"lus (?), n.; pl. Prothalli (#). [NL., fr.
 Gr. &?; before + &?; a young shoot.] (Bot.) The minute primary growth from the spore of ferns and other Pteridophyta, which bears the true sexual organs; the oöphoric generation of ferns, etc.

 ||Proth"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a placing in public, fr. &?; to set before; &?; before + &?; to set, put.] 1.
(Eccl.) A credence table; -- so called by the Eastern or Greek Church.

2. (Med.) See Prosthesis. Dunglison.
 Pro*thet"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?;.] Of or pertaining to prothesis; as, a prothetic apparatus.

 { Pro*thon"o*ta*ry (?), or Pro*ton"o*ta*ry (?) }, n.; pl> -ries (#). [LL. protonotarius, fr. Gr. prw^tos first + L. notarius a shorthand writer, a scribe: cf. F. protonotaire.] 1. A chief notary or clerk. " My private prothonotary." Herrick.
2. Formerly, a chief clerk in the Court of King's Bench and in the Court of Common Pleas, now superseded by the master. [Eng.] Wharton.
 Burrill.
3. A register or chief clerk of a court in certain States of the United States.

4. (R. C. Ch.) Formerly, one who had the charge of writing the acts of the martyrs, and the circumstances of their death; now, one of twelve persons, constituting a college in the Roman Curia, whose office is to register pontifical acts and to make and preserve the official record of beatifications.

5. (Gr. Ch.) The chief secretary of the patriarch of Constantinople.

Prothonotary warbler (Zoöl.),