# Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025, AG2ai, Inc., AG2ai open-source projects maintainers and core contributors
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
#
# Portions derived from  https://github.com/microsoft/autogen are under the MIT License.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
import logging
import ssl
import threading
from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Iterator
from contextlib import contextmanager
from functools import partial
from time import sleep
from typing import Any, Protocol

from ..doc_utils import export_module
from ..events.base_event import BaseEvent
from ..events.print_event import PrintEvent
from ..import_utils import optional_import_block, require_optional_import
from .base import IOStream

# Check if the websockets module is available
with optional_import_block():
    from websockets.sync.server import serve as ws_serve

__all__ = ("IOWebsockets",)


logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# The following type and protocols are used to define the ServerConnection and WebSocketServer classes
# if websockets is not installed, they would be untyped
Data = str | bytes


class ServerConnection(Protocol):
    def send(self, message: Data | Iterable[Data]) -> None:
        """Send a message to the client.

        Args:
            message (Union[Data, Iterable[Data]]): The message to send.

        """
        ...  # pragma: no cover

    def recv(self, timeout: float | None = None) -> Data:
        """Receive a message from the client.

        Args:
            timeout (Optional[float], optional): The timeout for the receive operation. Defaults to None.

        Returns:
            Data: The message received from the client.

        """
        ...  # pragma: no cover

    def close(self) -> None:
        """Close the connection."""
        ...


class WebSocketServer(Protocol):
    def serve_forever(self) -> None:
        """Run the server forever."""
        ...  # pragma: no cover

    def shutdown(self) -> None:
        """Shutdown the server."""
        ...  # pragma: no cover

    def __enter__(self) -> "WebSocketServer":
        """Enter the server context."""
        ...  # pragma: no cover

    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Any, exc_value: Any, traceback: Any) -> None:
        """Exit the server context."""
        ...  # pragma: no cover


@require_optional_import("websockets", "websockets")
@export_module("autogen.io")
class IOWebsockets(IOStream):
    """A websocket input/output stream."""

    def __init__(self, websocket: ServerConnection) -> None:
        """Initialize the websocket input/output stream.

        Args:
            websocket (ServerConnection): The websocket server.
        """
        self._websocket = websocket

    @staticmethod
    def _handler(websocket: ServerConnection, on_connect: Callable[["IOWebsockets"], None]) -> None:
        """The handler function for the websocket server."""
        logger.info(f" - IOWebsockets._handler(): Client connected on {websocket}")
        # create a new IOWebsockets instance using the websocket that is create when a client connects
        try:
            iowebsocket = IOWebsockets(websocket)
            with IOStream.set_default(iowebsocket):
                # call the on_connect function
                try:
                    on_connect(iowebsocket)
                except Exception as e:
                    logger.warning(f" - IOWebsockets._handler(): Error in on_connect: {e}")
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f" - IOWebsockets._handler(): Unexpected error in IOWebsockets: {e}")

    @staticmethod
    @contextmanager
    def run_server_in_thread(
        *,
        host: str = "127.0.0.1",
        port: int = 8765,
        on_connect: Callable[["IOWebsockets"], None],
        ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext | None = None,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> Iterator[str]:
        """Factory function to create a websocket input/output stream.

        Args:
            host (str, optional): The host to bind the server to. Defaults to "127.0.0.1".
            port (int, optional): The port to bind the server to. Defaults to 8765.
            on_connect (Callable[[IOWebsockets], None]): The function to be executed on client connection. Typically creates agents and initiate chat.
            ssl_context (Optional[ssl.SSLContext], optional): The SSL context to use for secure connections. Defaults to None.
            kwargs (Any): Additional keyword arguments to pass to the websocket server.

        Yields:
            str: The URI of the websocket server.
        """
        server_dict: dict[str, WebSocketServer] = {}

        def _run_server() -> None:
            # print(f" - _run_server(): starting server on ws://{host}:{port}", flush=True)
            with ws_serve(
                handler=partial(IOWebsockets._handler, on_connect=on_connect),
                host=host,
                port=port,
                ssl_context=ssl_context,
                **kwargs,
            ) as server:
                # print(f" - _run_server(): server {server} started on ws://{host}:{port}", flush=True)

                server_dict["server"] = server

                # runs until the server is shutdown
                server.serve_forever()

                return

        # start server in a separate thread
        thread = threading.Thread(target=_run_server)
        thread.start()
        try:
            while "server" not in server_dict:
                sleep(0.1)

            yield f"ws://{host}:{port}"

        finally:
            # print(f" - run_server_in_thread(): shutting down server on ws://{host}:{port}", flush=True)
            # gracefully stop server
            if "server" in server_dict:
                # print(f" - run_server_in_thread(): shutting down server {server_dict['server']}", flush=True)
                server_dict["server"].shutdown()

            # wait for the thread to stop
            if thread:
                thread.join()

    @property
    def websocket(self) -> "ServerConnection":
        """The URI of the websocket server."""
        return self._websocket

    def print(self, *objects: Any, sep: str = " ", end: str = "\n", flush: bool = False) -> None:
        """Print data to the output stream.

        Args:
            objects (any): The data to print.
            sep (str, optional): The separator between objects. Defaults to " ".
            end (str, optional): The end of the output. Defaults to "\n".
            flush (bool, optional): Whether to flush the output. Defaults to False.
        """
        print_message = PrintEvent(*objects, sep=sep, end=end)
        self.send(print_message)

    def send(self, message: BaseEvent) -> None:
        """Send a message to the output stream.

        Args:
            message (Any): The message to send.
        """
        self._websocket.send(message.model_dump_json())

    def input(self, prompt: str = "", *, password: bool = False) -> str:
        """Read a line from the input stream.

        Args:
            prompt (str, optional): The prompt to display. Defaults to "".
            password (bool, optional): Whether to read a password. Defaults to False.

        Returns:
            str: The line read from the input stream.

        """
        if prompt != "":
            self._websocket.send(prompt)

        msg = self._websocket.recv()

        return msg.decode("utf-8") if isinstance(msg, bytes) else msg
