Site Work 101
- By texcon
- 6 Feb 2018
If you’ve been inquiring about estimates for your construction project, you may have read or heard the term “site work.” But what is site work, and why is it necessary? Site work encompasses a broad spectrum of services that, in short, do not involve constructing an actual building.
All of the preparation that must be done before construction can begin falls under the umbrella of site work, and the quality of the site work directly affects the quality of the building itself. Some site work also takes place after the building is complete, such as landscaping and putting in walkways, driveways and parking lots.
To give you a clear idea of what site work entails, we’ve created a guide below. Any construction company worth its salt will outline these specific services on an estimate so that you know exactly what you’re paying for. Don’t see them on your estimate? Be sure to ask! The last thing you want to do is scramble to hire another team at the last minute because the original construction crew does not have the equipment or knowledge to perform all the site work you need.
And if you’re in the Houston area, give us a call. The Tex Con Construction team is happy to discuss our services and help you understand how quality site work makes a difference in a building’s durability.
Demolition and Deconstruction
If there is an existing structure, site work begins with demolition and deconstruction. Although it sounds like a quick and messy job, great care is taken at this stage to salvage any and all recyclable materials.
Deconstruction refers to the removal, often by hand, of delicate features that can often be reused or sold. Light fixtures, decorative molding, faucets, sinks, bricks, tiles and stones are some of the most common items removed during deconstruction. But things that are often out of sight are also worth recycling, such as pipes and wires.
It’s worth taking the time for deconstruction because of the potential resale value of some of the materials. Once all of these things have been stripped from the building, demolition can begin. A wrecking ball, bulldozer or even explosives may be used to raze the building. Most of the debris can still be recycled from this point. For example, concrete can be ground down into aggregate for new concrete. The grinding may take place on site, or the debris might be hauled away to be processed; it just depends on the equipment available to the demolition team.
Because a building used to stand on the site, it’s possible that some site work, such as land clearing, subsoil stabilization, excavation or land grading, won’t be necessary, or at least not to the same degree as barren plots of land. At most, some “touch ups” might be required.
When there is no pre-existing building that needs to be demolished, the first course of action is to clear the building site of all vegetation. The topsoil, which contains most of the roots and plant matter, is often removed completely. This provides access to the subsoil for stabilization and excavation.
On a grass lot, a bulldozer is enough to scrape away the vegetation. The topsoil, which is anywhere from 2 to 8 inches deep, can be piled up for later use or removed from the construction site completely. Just as building materials can be resold after demolition or deconstruction, one way to reduce the overall cost of a building project is to sell the topsoil. However, if you plan to do a significant amount of landscaping after the building is complete, saving the topsoil for that purpose is a wise decision.
On wooded lots, land clearing takes a little more time. However, thanks to the use of specialized equipment such as a hydro-ax, small- to medium-sized trees can be removed and mulched on the spot in a matter of minutes. From there, the stumps are also mulched or removed, and then the topsoil and vegetation can be removed.
Sometimes the existing topography is not suitable for construction. In other words, it might have rolling hills or a steep incline. An intervention is required in order to create a flat area for the building.
During excavation, dirt or rock is removed in order to facilitate the building process on hilly terrain. Think of a home that is located on a hill and has a walk-out basement. The hill had to be excavated in order to carve out the area for that basement. Office buildings and other commercial structures have similar needs.
Removing materials to create a stable foundation is often a better bet than trying to add materials to create a flat building pad. Even on flat, level land, excavation equipment is useful for digging an area for the basement or foundation.
Excavation can also occur if a retention or detention pond is needed. As with land clearing, what to do with the leftover dirt and rock can be a concern. If there are low-lying areas that tend to flood, it may be worthwhile to put the dirt there. Otherwise, it can be hauled off site.
After the topsoil is removed, the remaining dirt is called subsoil. In normal (and dry) circumstances, this subsoil seems very strong. However, it is typically not capable of supporting heavy loads (such as the heavy machinery used during construction, not to mention the weight of the building itself) without some amendments.
Textile or fiber stabilizers are a popular option for laying on top of the areas frequented by heavy machinery. These help distribute the weight of the vehicles so that the soil underneath is less likely to sink or crumble. These mesh stabilizers are also perfect for erosion control. Vegetation normally provides erosion control. The roots form a stabilizing network, preventing the soil from collapsing or “sliding” during rainfall. Because land clearing removes this protective layer of vegetation, it is important to add an artificial stabilizer until grass and other plants can be added after construction.
Other stabilizers include special enzymes or chemicals that help add tensile strength to the soil, thereby increasing its load-bearing ability.
Land Grading and Water Control
One of the important considerations for every building site is how water interacts with the topography. Where does the water naturally flow? Does it collect or flood in certain areas? Is erosion a threat?
Land grading is the process of creating a slope away from the building site. “Rough grading” refers to the initial movement of dirt to create that slope, whereas “final grading” occurs later and smooths out the slope so that it is gentle and gradual. Land grading is an important step to protect the building not only from flooding, but from water damage that can occur if rainwater pools around the foundation and causes moisture or cracking problems in the concrete.
The water has to go somewhere, and in some circumstances a pond may be warranted to catch large amounts of rainwater runoff. This pond can either slow down the flow of water into the sewer system, or it can hold the water indefinitely until it evaporates. These are called detention and retention ponds.
Construction Entrances and Thoroughfares
As we mentioned earlier, the subsoil needs to be stabilized in order to protect the longevity of the building’s foundation, as well as to adequately support all of the heavy machinery that must maneuver around the construction site. Think about all of the delivery trucks that need to drop off supplies and materials to the site, and how much these weigh.
A special construction entrance and thoroughfares for the machinery are built early on in the process to facilitate this heavy traffic. Not only is the ground underneath stabilized, but a temporary driveway is laid down with either gravel or pavement.
When the construction is complete, the construction entrance will either be removed or converted into part of the site’s normal entrance.
Before construction can get underway, the underground utilities must be installed first. Trenches will be dug for gas lines, sanitary sewers, potable water and possibly electric wires and even high-speed Internet cables.
These trenches are dug before construction so that utilities can easily be integrated into the building via the basement or foundation.
Landscaping and Hardscaping
Once all of the above has been completed, the actual construction is ready to begin. And once that is finalized, the baton is once again handed over to site work. This time, instead of preparation, the team focuses on putting the finishing touches on the site, so that it no longer gives off an appearance of “in progress,” but rather “done.”
This is accomplished through landscaping and hardscaping. Parking lots and walkways are installed at this time. Trees, shrubs and flowers are planted. Grass seed can be sown or, for a more immediately pleasing look, turf can be laid out.
If necessary, the construction entrance is removed at this time and covered with grass seed or turf, or paved over to become part of the parking lot.
Site Clean Up
The last thing for a site work crew to take care of is the disposal of any remaining construction materials, debris or trash. The goal is to remove all indications of the construction process. When the business owner moves in, everything should be in working order, and the business owner should feel ready to receive customers and clients as soon as possible. The construction process should never drag out after the owner has already moved in.
Now that you know more about what site work entails, be sure to get all of the details in writing before signing a contract. If the building company you’ve hired doesn’t do excavation and other site preparation, you need to know that ahead of time so you can search for additional contractors to get the job done right. Get all of these expectations hammered out in order to enjoy a smooth process from start to finish.
We invite you to contact Tex Con Construction to discuss your building project! We are a turn-key construction company, offering a complete package of site work and construction to the greater Houston area.


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Construction and building inspectors dedicate their time to verifying that structures and renovations comply with local regulations. Their duties encompass examining the overall structure as well as essential systems like electrical, plumbing, and HVAC, followed by the creation of detailed reports documenting their observations.
Despite the considerable fieldwork involved, the nature of the job leans towards administrative tasks, potentially making it attractive to certain professionals. Moreover, the average annual salary for this role stands at approximately $58,568, presenting a favorable aspect.
Becoming a teenage construction and building inspector can be an exciting and rewarding career path, offering unique opportunities for young individuals to engage with the construction industry while ensuring safety and compliance with regulations. While this field traditionally attracts seasoned professionals, teenagers with a passion for construction and a keen eye for detail can also embark on this journey.
The path to becoming a teenage construction and building inspector typically involves a combination of education, training, and practical experience. While specific requirements may vary depending on location and employer preferences, there are general steps one can take to pursue this career.
Steps to Becoming a Successful Teenage Construction and Building Inspector
Becoming a successful teenage construction and building inspector requires dedication, education, and practical experience. Here are steps to help you embark on this fulfilling career path:
Focus on your high school education, particularly in subjects such as mathematics, science, and technical studies. These subjects provide a strong foundation for understanding construction principles and building codes.
Familiarize yourself with construction techniques, materials, and safety regulations. Utilize online resources, books, and courses to expand your understanding of the construction industry.
Participate in Relevant Activities:
Engage in extracurricular activities related to construction, engineering, or building trades. Join clubs, workshops, or programs that offer hands-on experience and exposure to construction practices.
Seek Internships or Apprenticeships:
Look for opportunities to intern or apprentice with construction firms, building inspection agencies, or local government departments. This provides valuable real-world experience and insights into the inspection process.
Obtain Certifications or Licenses:
Research the certification or licensing requirements in your area for construction and building inspectors. Some jurisdictions may have specific qualifications necessary for practicing in this field. Pursue relevant certifications or licenses to enhance your credibility and employability.
Build relationships with professionals in the construction industry, including inspectors, contractors, and engineers. Networking can provide mentorship opportunities, job referrals, and valuable advice for career advancement.
Stay updated on changes in building codes, regulations, and construction practices through continuing education and professional development courses. This ensures that you maintain your knowledge and skills throughout your career.
As you progress in your career, seek opportunities to gain diverse experience in different types of construction projects. This broadens your expertise and makes you more versatile as an inspector.
Teenage Construction and Building Inspector Salary
The salary of a teenage construction and building inspector can vary depending on factors such as location, level of experience, and employer. Generally, as an entry-level position, teenage inspectors may earn lower salaries compared to more experienced professionals in the field.
According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of 2020, the median annual wage for construction and building inspectors was $62,860. However, it’s important to note that this figure represents the median for all inspectors, including those with years of experience and advanced qualifications.
For teenage inspectors who are just starting their careers or working part-time while still in high school or college, the salary may be lower. Entry-level positions typically offer salaries on the lower end of the scale, with opportunities for advancement and salary increases as experience and expertise grow.
Additionally, the salary can vary based on the region and cost of living. Inspectors working in metropolitan areas or regions with high construction activity may earn higher salaries compared to those in rural areas with lower demand.
Duty Of a Teenage Construction and Building Inspector
The duties of a teenage construction and building inspector are crucial for ensuring the safety, compliance, and quality of construction projects. Despite their age, teenage inspectors play a significant role in the construction industry. Here are some key duties they may perform:
Inspecting Construction Sites:
Teenage inspectors visit construction sites to examine various stages of the building process. They check for compliance with building codes, zoning regulations, and safety standards.
Reviewing Plans and Specifications:
Inspectors review architectural and engineering plans to ensure they comply with local regulations and meet safety requirements. They may also verify that materials used in construction are appropriate and up to standard.
Examining Structural Integrity:
Inspectors assess the structural integrity of buildings, ensuring that foundations, framing, and other structural components are sound and meet engineering specifications.
Inspecting Electrical, Plumbing, and HVAC Systems:
They inspect electrical wiring, plumbing installations, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to ensure they are installed correctly and meet safety standards.
Issuing Permits and Certificates:
Inspectors may issue permits for construction projects once they have verified compliance with regulations. They may also issue certificates of occupancy or compliance once construction is complete and meets all requirements.
Inspectors create detailed reports documenting their findings, including any violations or areas of concern. These reports serve as a record of the inspection and may be used for enforcement actions or future reference.
Providing Guidance and Education:
Teenage inspectors may offer guidance to builders, contractors, and homeowners on how to correct violations or address issues identified during inspections. They may also educate the public about building codes and safety standards.
Continuing Education and Training:
Inspectors stay informed about changes in building codes, regulations, and construction practices through ongoing education and training. This ensures they maintain their knowledge and skills and stay up-to-date with industry developments.
Tips & Tricks for Succeeding as a Teenage Construction and Building Inspector
Succeeding as a teenage construction and building inspector requires dedication, knowledge, and practical skills. Here are some tips and tricks to help you excel in this role:
Gain Education and Training:
Focus on your high school education, particularly in subjects like mathematics, science, and technical studies. Consider pursuing additional courses or certifications related to construction, building codes, and inspection practices.
Find a mentor in the construction industry who can provide guidance, advice, and support as you navigate your career as a teenage inspector. Learn from their experience and seek opportunities to shadow them on inspections.
Develop Attention to Detail:
Pay close attention to detail during inspections to identify potential safety hazards, code violations, and quality issues. Train yourself to thoroughly examine every aspect of a construction project, from structural integrity to mechanical systems.
Stay Updated on Regulations:
Keep abreast of changes in building codes, zoning regulations, and safety standards relevant to your area. Subscribe to industry publications, attend seminars or workshops, and participate in continuing education courses to stay informed.
Build Strong Communication Skills:
Develop effective communication skills to clearly convey inspection findings, recommendations, and requirements to builders, contractors, and homeowners. Be professional, courteous, and approachable in all interactions.
Utilize technology tools and software applications to streamline inspection processes, organize inspection data, and generate reports efficiently. Familiarize yourself with digital tools for document management, photo documentation, and code reference.
Network within the Industry:
Build relationships with professionals in the construction industry, including inspectors, contractors, engineers, and architects. Networking can lead to valuable opportunities for learning, collaboration, and career advancement.
Prioritize safety at all times during inspections, adhering to safety protocols and guidelines. Be vigilant for potential hazards on construction sites and take necessary precautions to protect yourself and others.
Seek Feedback and Continuous Improvement:
Solicit feedback from supervisors, peers, and clients to identify areas for improvement and professional growth. Actively seek opportunities for learning and skill development to enhance your effectiveness as an inspector.
Remain Professional and Ethical:
Conduct yourself with professionalism, integrity, and impartiality in all aspects of your work as an inspector. Adhere to ethical standards and codes of conduct, maintaining the trust and respect of those you serve.
Pros and Cons of Teenage Construction and Building Inspector
Becoming a teenage construction and building inspector can offer various advantages and challenges. Here are some pros and cons to consider:
Early Entry into the Industry:
Becoming a teenage inspector allows you to enter the construction industry at a young age, gaining valuable experience and knowledge that can pave the way for a long and fulfilling career.
You have the opportunity to learn through practical, hands-on experience by conducting inspections on construction sites, reviewing plans, and interacting with industry professionals.
The role of a teenage inspector can help you develop important skills such as attention to detail, problem-solving, communication, and technical knowledge related to construction and building codes.
Contribution to Safety:
Inspectors play a critical role in ensuring the safety and compliance of construction projects, contributing to the well-being of communities by identifying and addressing potential hazards and code violations.
Potential for Advancement:
With dedication and further education, teenage inspectors can advance in their careers, taking on roles with greater responsibilities, such as senior inspector, building code official, or construction manager.
As a teenage inspector, you may have limited experience compared to seasoned professionals in the industry. This could pose challenges in certain situations requiring extensive knowledge and expertise.
Lack of Authority:
Some individuals in the construction industry may question or challenge the authority of a teenage inspector due to their age and level of experience. Building rapport and earning respect may require extra effort.
Balancing Education and Work:
Managing the demands of high school or college alongside the responsibilities of being an inspector can be challenging. It requires strong time management and prioritization skills to balance education and work commitments effectively.
Inspecting construction sites can involve inherent safety risks, including exposure to hazardous materials, working at heights, and navigating potentially dangerous environments. Proper training and adherence to safety protocols are essential to mitigate these risks.
Frequently Asked Questions
What qualifications do I need to become a teenage construction and building inspector?
While specific requirements may vary by location, typically, a high school diploma or equivalent is necessary. Additional education or certification in construction, building codes, or inspection practices may be beneficial.
What does a teenage construction and building inspector do?
Teenage inspectors examine construction projects to ensure compliance with building codes, zoning regulations, and safety standards. They inspect structural integrity, electrical, plumbing, and HVAC systems, among other aspects.
How can I gain experience as a teenage construction and building inspector?
Seek internships, apprenticeships, or part-time positions with construction firms, building inspection agencies, or local government departments. Volunteer opportunities or extracurricular activities related to construction can also provide valuable experience.
What skills are essential for success in this role?
Important skills include attention to detail, problem-solving, communication, technical knowledge of construction principles, and familiarity with building codes and regulations.
What are the potential career paths for teenage construction and building inspectors?
With experience and further education, inspectors can advance to roles such as senior inspector, building code official, construction manager, or pursue specialized areas like environmental inspection or safety management.
How do I prepare for certification or licensing exams?
Study relevant materials, attend preparatory courses or workshops, and practice sample questions to familiarize yourself with the exam format and content. Consider seeking guidance from experienced professionals or mentors.
What are the typical working conditions for teenage construction and building inspectors?
Inspectors often work both indoors and outdoors, visiting construction sites to conduct inspections. They may encounter various weather conditions, physical hazards, and require occasional travel within their jurisdiction.
How do I handle conflicts or challenging situations during inspections?
Maintain professionalism, stay calm, and communicate effectively with all parties involved. Refer to applicable regulations and standards to support your decisions and seek guidance from supervisors or mentors if needed.
What are some common challenges faced by teenage construction and building inspectors?
Challenges may include balancing education with work commitments, earning respect from industry professionals, staying updated on changing regulations, and navigating potentially hazardous environments on construction sites.
What resources are available for teenage construction and building inspectors?
Resources include textbooks, online courses, industry publications, professional organizations, mentorship programs, and networking opportunities within the construction industry. Additionally, local government departments or building inspection agencies may offer training or support for aspiring inspectors.
Becoming a teenage construction and building inspector offers a unique opportunity for young individuals to enter the construction industry, ensuring safety and compliance in building projects. While specific qualifications may vary, a high school diploma and additional education or certification in construction-related fields are beneficial. Teenage inspectors inspect construction sites, review plans, and enforce building codes and regulations, requiring skills such as attention to detail, problem-solving, and effective communication. Gaining experience through internships, apprenticeships, or volunteer work is essential for success. Challenges include balancing education with work commitments, earning respect in the industry, and navigating potentially hazardous environments on construction sites. However, with dedication, ongoing learning, and professionalism, teenage inspectors can build rewarding careers with opportunities for advancement and contribution to community safety and development.


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This “hold the line” concept sketch shows an armored sea wall along the existing shore reach from the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge to city land on the edge of an elevated rocky promontory north of the Canal at Bay Way. The sea wall is a traditional engineered levee of sufficient height to reduce flood risk and address sea level rise within a design time horizon.
- A movable storm “gate” and pump facility are located at the mouth of the Canal. This would provide protection from storms and rising seas for properties behind the sea wall and gate including those along the Canal estuary.
- The sea wall would be located on the existing berm, except where it crosses the Canal. The sea wall would be exposed to full wave action and storm surge.
- The canal would be open to tidal action except at unusual tidal and storm events; a tidal gate would provide protection for upland areas when required.
- Pump stations remove storm runoff from protected areas.
- An armored sea wall is considered a traditional “grey” infrastructure solution. It holds little promise for creation of shore habitat and must be of sufficient height and robust construction to resist full exposure to storm surge and wind-driven waves (fetch).
- Wetland mitigation could occur on or off site.
As with the previous “hold the line” concept, a berm would be constructed along the existing shore reach from the Richmond San Rafael Bridge to the city-owned land at Bay Way. Unlike a traditional armored sea wall, the concept relies on a horizontal levee ecotone habitat to buffer the energy of storm surge and fetch, augmented with pump stations removing storm runoff from protected areas and using the tide gate to protect the canal during unusual tidal and storm events.
- The ecotone could replace much of the marshland filled when the San Rafael valley was developed from the 1800s to the 1980s. This would require placement of fill material on shallow bay waters and mud flat fringes adjacent to the existing shore. It could provide a more continuous, natural habitat between Point San Pedro and the Corte Madera marsh.
- A movable storm gate would be placed at the mouth of the Canal to protect upland areas. Fill material from maritime dredging could be used to create the ecotone, however, it would need to be added to over time to compensate for rising seas. Armoring with cobble, beaches, breakwaters, or groins would likely be required where the ecotone meets the open bay water. The design of the ecotone and bay edge would require scientific study and beta testing of different prototypes.
- Fill of shallow bay waters is typically not permitted. Resource agencies including the Bay Conservation Development Commission and the Region Water Quality Control Board are exploring modifications to their fill regulations to allow horizontal levees in response to sea level rise.
The Figure 3 concept section sketches relate to the previous exhibits Figure 1 and Figure 2.
- Section A shows armored sea wall along the existing shore, which must be robustly built to resist the erosive force of deep storm surge and fetch.Stone armor has limited habitat value. The armored sea wall could be raised incrementally with investments made based on risk reduction and observed changes in the sea level.
- Section B shows a berm/ecotone. The berm is shown along the existing shore. The ecotone is placed bayward of the berm. It would be established on maritime dredge material deposited in shallow subtidal waters. The erosive force of storm surge and fetch would be dampened by raising the bay elevation sufficiently to support salt marsh and other habitat.
The friction caused by marsh vegetation, combined with reduced water depth, dissipates wave energy in storms. The berm/ecotone would not need to be as high as an armored sea wall, but would still need to be raised over time to compensate for rising seas. Design of a manageable interface would be required to separate recreational uses from protected natural habitat. The edge facing the open bay would also need to be designed to resist erosion.
This diagram focuses on rail and ferries, while proposing a main line multiple use path system (including a bicycle highway) for the North-South Greenway/Great Redwood Trail to the North Bay, Wine Country, and the Redwood Empire. The diagram also proposes the following:
- A recognition of the San Quentin complex as an essential public resource that merits improvement. San Quentin Prison, the flagship prison of the California Department of Corrections, has more volunteer support than the rest of the California prison system (combined), including pro bono legal services.
- A new ferry terminal at San Quentin on a larger site, allowing for increased capacity (more berths, larger turning basin, more train storage) and access to multiple destinations.
- A seamless connection between SMART rail and the proposed San Quentin ferry terminal, reducing transfer time (by an average of 20 minutes/roundtrip).
- Developing and prioritizing parallel capacity in transportation networks; reconfiguring transportation networks to provide greater resiliency, expanded user options, and significantly reduced cross-bay water transit times (by an average of 15 minutes/roundtrip).
This concept sketch considers the roles of San Rafael and San Quentin as transportation gateways to points north. It addresses local and regional needs vis-à-vis roadway and transit deficiencies resulting in mobility, economic, and social justice impediments. The sketch proposes the following:
- Relocate SMART and Ferry terminals from Larkspur to Point San Quentin, enabling direct cross-platform transfer, reduced water transit time, more space for ferry berths and future expansion, and a transportation hub and village for prison staff, visitors, and services.
- Construct a new East San Rafael Interchange connecting from Andersen to Kerner, providing improved access and egress for the disadvantaged Canal neighborhood, Southeast San Rafael and San Quentin; provide access to a new San Quentin ferry terminal; relocate problematic ramp movements away from the Bellam interchange.
- Complete the US 101/I-580 Interchange including dedicated ramps from Westbound I-580 to Southbound US 101 and from Northbound US 101 to Eastbound I-580. These ramps would reduce rush-hour queueing and take regional trips off local streets.
- Construct I-580 corridor improvements between the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge and US 101 by eliminating an unsafe hook ramp and adding auxiliary lanes.
- Construct a new Bellam SMART Station to serve Canal neighborhood and Southeast San Rafael employers and provide bus transit linkage connecting central and southern Marin.
The existing ramps at US 101, I-580 and Bellam function poorly due to the proximity of the Bellam Interchange to the US 101/ I-580 interchange and East Francisco Boulevard. There are too many movements (including difficult turns) in a very confined and conflicted series of intersections and interchanges, resulting in inadequate stacking and a short weave. Although the new ramps are aimed at decreasing congestion, the wrong outcome could severely limit access to Southeast San Rafael for generations.
We have identified alternative concepts for consideration in the design and environmental review process including:
- Relocate Bellam ramps to a new East San Rafael interchange. Moving access ramps to a different location (approximately half-way between the US 101/I-580 interchange and the Main Street San Quentin Village interchange) would improve mobility, eliminate back up onto the freeways, and reduce conflicts and increasing pedestrian and bicycle safety.
- Upgrade Bellam to a Complete Street. Bellam Boulevard has emerged as the main street for East San Rafael and the Canal Neighborhood with significant vehicular, pedestrian and bicycle traffic, essential business services, and social infrastructure. Simplifying vehicular movement around the I-580 interchange would support evolution of Bellam into a complete street, including protected bicycle lanes, sidewalks and pedestrian refuges.
- Close the hook ramp from East Francisco to I-580 because the existing hook ramp is an unsafe and extremely tight radius ramp that conflicts with the Sir Francis Drake off-ramp. This results in an extremely short weave between vehicles accelerating onto the freeway and those decelerating to exit at Sir Francis Drake Boulevard.
- Optimize non-limited access facilities for pedestrians and bikes. Roadway, bridge and intersection design should include protected bike lanes, sidewalks separated from the traveled way by parkway panels with street trees and pedestrian refuges in medians. All new streets and intersections (excluding limited access ways such as freeways) should be designed to safely and graciously increase mobility options and reduce emissions.


The Inner City Bypass is a major new roadway that forms a ring road circumventing the CBD of Brisbane. Costing $230 million, the 4.5 kilometre roadway includes two major intersections, 4 tunnels and 18 bridges. Designed for the Brisbane City Council, a heavy emphasis was placed on urban design and connectivity of some previously disparate areas of the city and its parklands. To this end a land bridge has been created over an existing rail line and the new roadway to connect the parklands of Gregory Terrace and Victoria Park with a 15 meter wide expanse of grass, shrubs and trees. Also a major new tunnel was placed under the RNA showgrounds stretching some 400 meters, with a 110 metre tunnel at Breakfast Creek and a 65 metre tunnel at Normanby. Brian Steendyk was design and project architect with Cox Rayner Architects for this project.


(1) The material of the box of the distribution box and the switch box should generally be steel plate or insulating plate, but wood material should not be used.
(2) The electric box and switch box should be installed with positive and firm ends, and should not be inverted or skewed. The vertical distance between the lower bottom of the fixed distribution box and the switch box and the ground shall be greater than or equal to 1.3m and less than or equal to 1.5m; the vertical distance between the lower part of the mobile distribution box and the switch box and the ground shall be greater than or equal to 0.6m. Less than or equal to 1.5m.
(3) It is strictly forbidden to connect with the power cord of the high and low voltage power distribution cabinet.
(4) The distance between the electrical boxes should not be too far. The distance between the distribution box and the switch box shall not exceed 30m. The horizontal distance between the switch box and the stationary power equipment should not exceed 3m.
(5) Each electrical equipment should have its own dedicated switch box. Each electrical equipment on the construction site shall have its own dedicated switch box, and it must meet the requirements of “one machine, one brake, one leakage”. It is strictly forbidden to directly control two or more electrical equipment (including sockets) with the same switch electrical appliance.
A leakage protector must be installed in the switch box. The rated leakage current should be no more than 30mA, and the leakage action time should be no more than 0.1s.
(6) In order to ensure that no danger occurs, the distribution box door should be equipped with locks. It is not allowed to attach or plug in other temporary electrical equipment in the distribution box and switch box. It is strictly forbidden to place debris in the switch box.


Exclusive 3D Smart City Renderings
3D Architectural visualization is an art of visualizing the architectural structure and making its 3-dimensional virtual presentation on the computer before it is being constructed-renovated in the real world. This service is majorly used by a builder, architect, engineers, and individual client’s. Now it’s more than 18 years, we are in this industry. Architectural visualization is the service majorly for architects, builders, property developers, interior designer, landscape designer to see their projects from all points before it is being constructed.
The technical aspects of service started with this main purpose. In due course, this multi-facilitated service with its constant innovation & up gradation in technology took the architectural industry by storm. And today it has become the major source of an architectural industry for its technical quest, sanctions, presentation purposes for their investors, clients, bankers, marketing and branding activities. If we emphasize this today, the whole mankind majorly depends on this service for upcoming construction projects.


The University of Pretoria (UP) is bringing art to the people.
This initiative saw a distinctive new feature being added to the Pretoria landscape on Saturday.
A series of massive beams was installed by a special crane to create a new bridge on Lynnwood Road.
The bridge forms part of the new Javett Art Centre at the university (the Javett-UP), creating a link between the Hatfield and south campuses.
This bridge signals another step in the establishment of the Javett-UP, due for completion by the end of 2018.
Commencing at 4 am, seven massive beams, each 33.55m in length and weighing 71 tons, were installed to construct a bridge across Lynnwood Road.
This forms part of a major new development in the Tshwane metro – the Javett Art Centre at the Javett-UP.
The Javett-UP at the entrance to the university’s cultural precinct will be open to the public, linking the campus to the Tshwane metro.
The centre aims to engage students and the public with the creativity and diversity of local art and artists. read more


New Nirsing Home
Sherborne | Dorset
Boon Brown has successfully delivered planning approval for the Bradford Road Nursing Home, Sherborne, a 70-bedroom care home with generous living spaces and all the necessary support facilities.
The Arts and Crafts styled building is approximately 3940m², and will be split over three floors above ground level and a further basement level. It will be a single block of two and three storeys which has been carefully designed to fit comfortably within the existing street scene. The elevation has been broken down into various elements which, whilst reducing the overall scale, also add depth and interest to the frontages, and creates varied and animated street scenes.
The design of the Nursing Home is not a standard model. It has been carefully designed to work well within the context of the site, which has a predominantly “Arts and Crafts” character. The use of traditional high-quality “Arts and Crafts” materials such as brick and plain tiles, will provide a strong and attractive finish to the building.
Externally a secure, landscaped sensory garden will be provided in addition to dense planting and trees around the perimeter.
BRADFORD ROAD NURSING HOME


How It Works: E-Series® Ultrasonic Water Meters
Badger Meter E-Series® Ultrasonic water meters are a leading choice for water utilities. The meters are designed for high measurement accuracy and long-term reliability in potable, reclaimed, residential, commercial industrial and fire service applications. Our E-Series Ultrasonic meter and E-Series Ultrasonic Plus meter with integrated valve use solid-state measurement technology to improve dependability and provide greater extended flow accuracies. Incorporating ultrasonic technology maximizes revenue by eliminating friction and wear common with mechanical meters and helps identify leaks to help manage water resources. These are just a few reasons why E-Series Ultrasonic water meters have become a top choice.
How Ultrasonic Technology Works
Our E-Series Ultrasonic meters use high-frequency sound waves to measure flow. More specifically, the meters measure the velocity of acoustically conductive water as it flows through the meters. When water enters the measuring tube, ultrasonic signals are sent consecutively, with and against the flow of water. Velocity is then determined by measuring the time difference between the measurement in the forward and reverse directions. Total volume is calculated from the measured flow velocity using temperature and pipe diameter. This precision results in impressively accurate reads and an extended flow range, which allow utilities to measure small volumes of water and improve overall reliability.
Watch this video for a demonstration of how our E-Series Ultrasonic meters work:
Key Features of E-Series Ultrasonic Water Meters
Our E-Series Ultrasonic water meter line consists of three models, each with key performance features to ensure utilities find meters suited to their applications.
E-Series Ultrasonic Plus Meters
- Integrated Restriction Valve—allows users to actuate the valve remotely to open, closed or partially closed positions to restrict the flow of water. Watch this video to learn more.
- Flexible Deployment—enables utilities to install the meters first and add the valve later.
- Smart Water Ready—couples with cellular-enabled ORION® Cellular endpoints and BEACON® AMA software suite to establish a cellular AMI smart water solution.
E-Series Ultrasonic Meters for Residential Applications
- Reliable Operation—features an easy-to-read, 9-digit LCD display that reports consumption, rate of flow, reverse-flow indication and alarms.
- Sustained Accuracy—maintains long-term sustained accuracy within +1.5% and extended low flow accuracy within +3%.
- Smart Water Ready—pairs with ORION® Cellular endpoints and BEACON® AMA software suite to establish an AMI or AMR smart water solution.
E-Series Ultrasonic Meters for Commercial Applications
- Pressure and Alarm Data—provides pressure alarm and pressure and temperature data reported through ORION® Cellular endpoints and BEACON® Advanced Metering Analytics (AMA) software suite.
- Enhanced Meter Displays—increases visibility and access to data at the meter.
- Wider Flow Range—has a greater turndown ratio for extended flow ranges, which leads to increased revenue.
Upgrade Your Utility to E-Series Ultrasonic Water Meters
Our E-Series Ultrasonic water meter has become a leading solution for water utilities to streamline their processes and improve operational efficiencies. If your utility is considering an upgrade, the E-Series Ultrasonic meter may be the perfect choice. Learn more about our E-Series metering line or reach out to our experts to discuss your custom solution.


Arrested together with the Taiwan developer Mr. Lin were two associates from Wei-Guan Construction Company who were the constructors of the complex.
The collapsed building has so far claimed 39 lives with dozens others missing. The developer is being accused of using substandard materials in the construction of the building thus causing loss of lives. According to the City government, both the developer and Wei-Guan representatives will be charged with criminal act of causing loss of lives by failing to follow procedures in construction of the collapsed complex.
The building collapsed following a light earthquake that took place on Saturday morning. Despite this, the parties are accused of not following building guidelines laid out by the City government.Last modified on Monday, 15 February 2016


- Infrastructure improvements, including road design, maintenance, and vertical utilization, significantly enhance road safety.
- Clear and visible road markings provide critical guidance for motorists, cyclists, and pedestrians.
- Technology, including intelligent traffic systems, automated vehicles, and drone monitoring, is pivotal in reducing accidents.
- Safe driving habits and following traffic rules are key personal contributions to road safety.
Road safety is essential to everyday life and critical in sustaining individuals’ and communities’ health and well-being. Each year, nearly 1.35 million people lose their lives as a result of road traffic accidents, according to the World Health Organization. This makes road traffic injuries the eighth leading cause of death globally and the first cause among people aged 5-29. These figures underline the importance of implementing effective road safety measures to reduce these preventable tragedies and ensure safe transportation for all.
However, making the road safer is a complex task that requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach. No solution can be applied to all situations, as each country and community has unique challenges and needs regarding road safety. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the critical essential strategies for making the road safer for everyone. Here are a few key strategies that can make a significant impact on road safety:
Improving infrastructure is a fundamental strategy in enhancing road safety. Well-designed and maintained roads can significantly reduce the risk of accidents by providing precise and safe paths for vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians. Infrastructure improvements can also include efficient traffic management systems that ensure smooth traffic flow, reducing the likelihood of collisions and congestion.
Design Roads for Safety
When designing or upgrading roads, safety should be a priority. This can involve incorporating features like speed bumps, roundabouts, and pedestrian crosswalks to slow traffic and enhance pedestrian safety. Adequate signage and lane markings are also crucial to guide drivers and prevent confusion that could lead to accidents.
Regular maintenance of roads is crucial in ensuring safety. This includes repairing potholes, replacing worn-out signs, and keeping roadways free of debris. Poorly maintained roads can lead to vehicle damage and accidents. Periodic inspection and prompt repair of road damage can significantly enhance road safety.
Safe Spaces for Pedestrians and Cyclists
Infrastructure improvement should also consider non-motorized road users. Providing safe spaces for pedestrians and cyclists, such as sidewalks and bike lanes, can significantly enhance their safety. Additionally, these features encourage more people to walk or cycle, potentially reducing the number of vehicles on the road and, thus, the risk of accidents.
In highly dense areas, vertical utilization can be an effective strategy in enhancing road safety. This involves building over or underpasses for pedestrians and cyclists to cross busy roads safely. These structures reduce the risk of accidents involving non-motorized road users and improve traffic flow by minimizing interruptions.
Clear Road Markings
Clear road markings are a vital aspect of road safety, serving as visual aids to direct and guide motorists, cyclists, and pedestrians. Road markings provide critical information about the road layout ahead, allowing for safe maneuvering and navigation. They delineate driving lanes, indicate turning and merging lanes, alert drivers to potential hazards, and inform pedestrians where it’s safe to cross.
Ensuring the visibility and clarity of road markings is paramount. Over time, these markings may fade due to exposure to weather elements, heavy traffic, and normal wear and tear. Therefore, regular maintenance and repainting should be undertaken to keep these markings clear and visible. Additionally, using high-quality, durable paint can increase the lifespan of road markings, reducing the frequency of reapplication.
Furthermore, intersection visibility for pedestrian usage can be enhanced by implementing high-visibility crosswalks. These can include zebra crossings, ladder-style markings, or reflective thermoplastic road markers, which are highly noticeable to approaching drivers.
Advanced technologies such as LED in-road markers can also enhance visibility under adverse weather conditions or at night. These systems use bright, energy-efficient lights embedded into the pavement to delineate lanes and crosswalks and highlight potential hazards, significantly increasing road safety.
Technology plays an increasingly significant role in enhancing road safety in today’s digitally connected world. Advanced technologies are being utilized to monitor and manage traffic, alert drivers to potential hazards, and even autonomously control vehicles to prevent accidents.
Intelligent Traffic Management Systems
Traffic management systems, equipped with AI and machine learning algorithms, can gather real-time data and use it to optimize traffic flow, reducing congestion and the potential for accidents. These systems can dynamically adjust traffic signals to respond to current conditions, prioritize emergency vehicles, and provide drivers with real-time information about traffic delays or hazards.
Automated Vehicles and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)
Automated vehicles and ADAS are at the forefront of technology utilization to make roads safer. Features such as adaptive cruise control, lane-keeping assist, and automatic emergency braking can significantly reduce collision risk by taking over drivers’ power in critical situations. While still in the developmental stage, autonomous vehicles promise to enhance road safety by eliminating human error, a leading cause of accidents.
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Communication
V2V and V2I communication technologies allow vehicles and infrastructure to exchange information, creating an interconnected transportation network that preemptively identifies and mitigates potential risks. For example, a car could alert others near a sudden stop, or a traffic light could inform approaching vehicles of an impending color change.
Use of Drones for Traffic Monitoring
Drones, equipped with high-resolution cameras and sensors, monitor traffic conditions, detect accidents, and even deliver emergency medical aid. By providing a bird’s eye view of the road, drones can help traffic management centers respond more quickly and effectively to incidents.
Effective road safety strategies require a multi-faceted approach involving infrastructure improvement, clear road markings, and technology utilization. While these measures can significantly reduce accidents and fatalities on the road, everyone has a role to play in making the streets safer. Safe driving habits, such as wearing seatbelts, avoiding distractions, and following traffic rules, can also ensure safe transportation. Let us work together to make our roads safer and prevent needless loss of life.


This is a promo site, designed to acquaint potential buyers with the architectural design of the construction of an elite residential complex, which is carried out by the state developer - Capital Construction Administration of the Minsk City Executive Committee. The site, rendered on the CMS platform "1-C Bitrix", has extensive functionality, it is reliably protected, productive (that is extremely important for the presentation site, since the emphasis is on the visual appeal of the main page of the site).
On this site, for convenience of potential participants of shared construction, there is a convenient filter, with the help of which the user can see the footage of each apartment, which will be located in the residential complex. In addition, the filter allows you to select a section, as well as the number of rooms and calculate the approximate cost of living space. The site also provides 3D-tour that allows you to see how the building will look in the future. From any tab of the site, the user is given feedback.
Thus, the developed site fully corresponds to all the tasks assigned to it.


Location : Khuen Ubonratana Sub-district, Ubonratana District, Khon Kaen Province.
Ubonratana Dam is located at Khuen Ubonratana Sub-district, Ubonratana District, Khon Kaen Province. It is the earth core rockfill dam and is the second multi-purpose dam, followed Bhimibol Dam, and the first dam in the northeast region that generates the hydroelectric power. It impounds the Phong River at the area called “Phong Neeb” at Khok Sung Sub-district, Nam Phong District (presently Ubobratana District), Khon Kaen Province. It is 50 kilometers far from the city. The construction started in 1964 and finished in 1966. King Rama IX, Queen Sirikit, and Princess Ubolratana went to open the dam on 14 March 1966 and gave the name “Ubonratana Dam”. The beautiful dam and massive lake surrounding with the mountain attract Thai and foreign tourists to visit.
-The multi-purpose hydroelectric dam for irrigation, fisheries, and tourism. Enjoy sailing to appreciate the beauty of the dam, walking around the botanic and dinosaur garden. Also, the 18-hole golf course is available.
Ubonratana Dam is also called “Phong Neeb Dam” because it was constructed opposite to the Phong River and impounds the river at the valley connecting Phu Kao mountain range and Phu Phan Kham. The construction began in 1964 and finished in 1966. King Rama IX, Queen Sirikit, and Princess Ubolratana went to open the dam on 14 March 1966.


Cold Weather Concreting
Cold weather concrete such as READY Now from Allied Concrete sets quicker and stays strong
The expansion of water as it freezes can cause serious damage to partly set concrete. In cold conditions cement hydration slows and concrete takes longer to gain strength. In most parts of New Zealand the critical period is the first 24 hours, in particular, the first night. Concrete should not be placed on frozen ground. Placing concrete into shady areas and/or where there is little air movement below temperatures of 10 degrees Centigrade will contribute to slower cement hydration.
- Order low slump concrete
- Order concrete containing air entraining and water reducing ad-mixtures
- Consider using accelerating ad-mixtures
- Consider using higher strength concrete
- Don't place concrete on frozen ground
- Protect freshly placed concrete from frost
- Increase ventilation and exposure to sunlight wherever possible
- Delay removal of form-work to allow time for concrete to gain strength
Allied Concrete staff are more than happy to help you with any problems or enquiries.
For more information or assistance, please don't hesitate to call. Your call will be automatically connected to our nearest plant. (Calls from mobile phones will be directed for Auckland, Wellington or Christchurch.)
To view and download a pdf version on this document
DISCLAIMER: Allied Concrete has endeavoured to present the best possible information. However we accept no responsibility for the application of the principles discussed.


In the wake of disaster, communities face many pressing questions. One such question is how to go about the rebuilding process. When a tornado destroyed 95 percent of Greensburg, Kansas, that process included a concerted effort to rebuild sustainably.
Greensburg, Kansas—population of just over 1,300—used to be known for little more than having the world’s largest hand-dug well. Then, on May 4, 2007, an EF5 tornado (the largest possible) struck the town. The tornado, measuring an estimated 1.7 miles across, destroyed 95 percent of the town and damaged the other 5 percent of buildings. The tornado also claimed the lives of eight people.
When determining how the rebuilding process would go, Daniel Wallach, the founder of the movement that is now called Greentown Greensburg, presented a plan to the community that would entail rebuilding the town in a sustainable manner. After the community meeting, the decision was made: “On December 17, 2007 the City Council passed a resolution requiring all publicly funded City buildings over 4,000 square feet to be built to the U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED Platinum certification level and reduce energy consumption by 42 percent over standard buildings.”
LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design), a program run by the U.S. Green Building Council, is seen as the standard for evaluating the sustainability level of a building project. LEED provides a metric for certifying that a building has met certain sustainability standards. By assigning a score for certain design features, such as dual-flush toilets, better recycling of gray water, and heat retention systems, a building can achieve a top score of 100. Retrofitting, or the process of redesigning or installing new technology with the goal of increasing the sustainability of a building, can also be LEED certified. To achieve Platinum level, a building project must reach a minimum score of 80 out of 100. For a point of reference, Fordham University’s residential halls Campbell and Salice-Conley were built to the LEED Gold level, which means they achieved a score between 60 and 79.
With these standards in mind, Greensburg took on the ambitious task of actually achieving this goal. In keeping with the traditions of Midwest America, the community took a large role in the planning and implementation process. The sense of community is evident in the official plan for rebuilding: “It is mandatory that in the rebuilding process the City pay special attention to those individuals who need the most help [the impoverished]. Job creation deserves particular attention.”
As for the actual steps taken, they are too numerous and complex to list in full here. Some of these include the highest concentration of LEED buildings in the United States, single-stream recycling throughout the city, LED streetlights and, perhaps the greatest accomplishment, the use of 100 percent renewable energy for the city’s electricity. This last accomplishment was acheived using wind energy, an interesting choice since it was the devastating power of wind energy that put the city in the position to achieve all these changes. The rebuilding process also included taking steps to prepare for future extreme weather, as well as education programs about sustainability.
Greensburg redefined itself during its rebuilding process. It is still the same community-oriented city it was prior to the tornado, but it has also taken steps to help itself economically. As the story of the city’s rebuilding process spread, it has become a tourist site. As Daniel Wallach stated, they turned the town into “a living science museum.” It has also attracted the attention of corporations wishing to tap into the green market, which have funded buildings and provided their products in order to be associated with the green movement.
Greensburg is the ultimate success story. From the ruble rose the greenest city in the country, as well as numerous opportunities for further growth and development. Greentown Greensburg, a nonprofit organization that has taken the lead on overseeing the implementation of the rebuilding plan, continues to look for ways to innovate. The nonprofit uses the lessons learned in Greensburg to offer advice and aid to other cities and towns that are looking to move toward a more sustainable way of life.
There are many facets to the green movement, and many steps that need to be taken to help mitigate the effects of climate change. Sustainable building is one of these steps. Future building projects should look to the example that Greensburg has set and attempt to mimic the practices that have been implemented there. This is especially true for areas that are rebuilding after disasters, as the ability to begin anew allows for greater opportunity to innovate.
For places that are looking to expand, sustainable building is the direction they need to take. When Fordham University released its Climate Action Plan in 2007, it made sure to include sustainable building as a means to achieve its goal of reducing carbon emissions 30 percent by 2017. The University plans to “design all new buildings to LEED Silver or higher standards.” Through retrofitting of buildings to make them more sustainable, as well as implementation of other sustainable practices, Fordham is making strides to achieve energy efficiency and sustainability throughout all three campuses.


Bridge Closure Latest
The bridge over the East Coast mainline railway just outside Shipton village near York (between map mile-markers 101 and 102) has now been closed to ALL users for repair works and is likely to remain closed until late October.
Cyclists and pedestrians, have little alternative but to follow the diversion which involves cycling or walking, along the busy A19 for approx 1.5 miles. Do take extreme care.
To return to the route, turn right down Station Road, just after the Dawnay Arms in Shipton village and then left just before the closed bridge..


Especially preventable after Sabal Trail’s river easements
went down in flames in a historic vote by the Georgia House last week.
L. Elliott Jones, Albany Herald, 28 March 2016,
L. ELLIOTT JONES: Construction of Sabal Trail pipeline is not inevitable
GUEST COLUMNIST: Efforts are still under way to prevent the construction of the gas pipeline,
Carlton Fletcher’s story, “Dougherty County leaders OK
inevitable agreement on pipeline” on March 21, presented only
one part of the current story on the Sabal Trail pipeline. There are
two schools of thought on the Sabal Trail pipeline: those who
believe construction of the pipeline is inevitable, and those who
believe the pipeline can and should be prevented, and are working
hard to do so. No one, in either group, believes it is needed in
Continue reading Construction of Sabal Trail pipeline is not inevitable –L. Elliott Jones
Anybody who thought FERC would do a real
Draft Environmental Impact Statement is disappointed.
But they shouldn’t be surprised: FERC, 100% funded by the industries they
“regulate”, is a rubberstamp machine. But that’s no reason to give up.
It’s reason to stand up, and take advantage of many more opportunities to stop the unnecessary, destructive, and hazardous Sabal Trail pipeline and get on with renewable solar and wind power.
Carlton Fletcher, Albany Herald, 13 September 2015,
FERC Sabal Trail ruling comes amidst protest:
Group holds fasting vigil outside federal agency’s offices,
ALBANY — Even as a group started a fast in front of the
agency’s Washington, D.C., offices and questions arose in Florida
over the safety record of Spectra Energy, the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission made it clear this week that it had no
intention of standing in the way of construction of the proposed
Sabal Trail natural gas pipeline in Alabama, Georgia and Florida.
Local opponents Continue reading FERC sides with Sabal Trail in DEIS: Surprise!


Aerial work platforms are used frequently in the construction industry and for a variety of maintenance applications. The operation of any aerial work platform is subject to certain hazards that can only be protected against by having competent workers trained in its intended use, safe operation, maintenance, and service.
In this course students will learn the specific details to operating an aerial work platform in a safe manner and in accordance with all laws and regulations. There will also be a focus on proper fall protection when operating the machine.
Sorry, we don't currently have information about this class available.
If you'd like to inquire, please contact us.


Drip Irrigation Dallas
BEAT THE WATER RESTRICTIONS AND SAVE WATER
Drip irrigation is exempt from the Dallas city water restrictions, because it is up to 97% efficient. In order to save the most important parts of your landscape such as bed areas, trees, and especially around your foundation we can add drip irrigation by adding drip lines or convert existing sprinkler zones to drip irrigation instead for these areas. This will allow you to water these areas as often as you like and protect these valuable investments.
Also if you plan on planting seasonal flowers the only way you will be able to water these new plantings often enough is either by hand or with drip irrigation. This addition to your sprinkler system is much less expensive and much less trouble than foundation repairs or replacing dead trees and shrubs. Drip or soaker lines will keep your property looking good. We use dependable, high-grade valves with a filter and a pressure regulator that maintains the outlet pressure, ideal for drip zones. Filtering out any impurities is very important with a drip system (to avoid the drip emitters getting clogged up), so a highly reliable solenoid with a stainless steel screen filter in either 100 or 150 mesh sizes and a pressure regulator deliver proven durability, performance, and reliability.
So please call to find out more about this valuable addition to your sprinkler system.
Drip Irrigation Advice from a Dallas County Extension Agent
Drip irrigation in Dallas delivers water slowly immediately above, on or below the surface of the soil. This minimizes water loss due to runoff, wind and evaporation. Drip irrigation can be operated during the windy periods sometimes seen in Dallas.
The mold spots on house siding and the staining and deterioration of wood privacy fences experienced with overspray from sprinkler irrigation is eliminated with the use of drip. Because water doesn’t leave the landscape with drip irrigation, pavement deterioration associated with sprinkler irrigation runoff is eliminated.
Properties with old, galvanized steel water service lines where corrosion has resulted in a narrowed diameter may benefit from a retrofit to drip irrigation. The low volume requirements of drip irrigation are a good match with restricted supply lines.
Dallas drip systems can be managed with an AC or battery powered controller. Automated landscape irrigation is an advantage to many people with busy lifestyles.
Adaptable and changeable over time, drip systems can be easily expanded to irrigate additional plants if water is available. Emitters can be simply exchanged or removed and emitter lines eliminated or re-positioned. When plants are removed or die, drip lines should be plugged.
If emitters are poorly placed, too far apart or too few in number, root development may be restricted by the limited soil area wetted. Water seeping at ground level is hard to see and makes it difficult to know if the system is working properly. An indicator device that raises and lowers a flag to show when water is flowing is available to overcome this issue.
Regular maintenance inspections are needed to maintain system effectiveness—the same as with high pressure sprinkler systems. Clogs are much less likely with filtered water and proper pressure regulation used in combination with self-cleaning emitters.
Drip Emitters Are Best For Windy Conditions
In an area which is open and often windy, the most efficient way of applying water to say a flower bed is to use a drip emitter. The wind then does not blow the water spray away, and the water stays exactly where you want it. Typically the system is based on a quarter inch tubing pipe, with a poly flex riser held to the ground by a riser stake. Usually these emitters are adjustable so that the amount of water distributed to each plant can be customized. Customization allows a small plant to receive less water, and as it matures, the flow of water can be increased.
Drip tubing can be a trip hazard especially for dogs and children but is less problematic if covered with mulch and fastened with wire anchor pins every 2 to 3 feet. Drip lines can also be easily cut while undertaking other Dallas landscape maintenance activities.
So please call (972) 590-8220 to find out more about this valuable addition to your Dallas drip irrigation system.
CCS Sprinkler 7602 Campbell Rd #32, Dallas, TX 75248 (972) 590-8220 http://ccssprinkler.com/


Release Date 29 October 2007
The National Insulation Association welcomes the new improved and strengthened ‘Climate Change Bill’ set out by the Environment secretary, Hilary Benn.
Neil Marshall, Chief Executive of the NIA said ‘We look forward to continuing working with Government to ensure every home in Britain is adequately insulated, this will significantly reduce carbon emissions’. ‘There are nearly 9 million homes with cavity walls that are not insulated and around half of the existing housing stock requires insulation to reach a thermally efficient standard. The insulation industry has the expertise, technology and capacity to meet the requirements for treating these homes’.
‘Measures such as green mortgages, council tax rebates and grants which encourage energy efficient homes should be introduced by Government. Insulation is a highly cost effective measure; cavity wall insulation for example can save the average householder £130 - £160 per year as a result of reduced energy bills.’
NIA members have to meet strict guidelines and have all signed the NIA’s Code of Professional Practice, ensuring that they provide the highest possible service. More information on the benefits of insulation is available at: www.nationalinsulationassociation.org.uk together with a search facility to find a local installer.


Our bridge crane package solution with frequency-controlled motors is designed for medium requirements on dynamic properties.
Reduced movement is achieved using defined acceleration and deceleration ramps
Complete simple transport processes with the bridge crane application solution with frequency-controlled motors. Use this solution to transport heavy loads. Adjusted acceleration and deceleration ramps control the motors. This substantially reduces the movement of transported goods. This variant offers you a cost-efficient drive package with good dynamics and positioning accuracy. Speed control of the bridge crane package variant is also infinitely variable with the frequency-controlled motors.
Get in touch with us.
- Our experts understand your industry and requirements.
- Our global network ensures we are there wherever and whenever you need us.
- We have the expertise and tools to provide optimum advice and support.
Cost efficient packagefor medium dynamic properties.
Reduced movementachieved by defined acceleration and deceleration ramps.
Drive technologyis high quality and powerful.
Startupof components is fast.


Third Don Crossing Temporary Road Closures
Due to ongoing work on the thrid Don crossing it has become necessary for the construction company to close Grandholm Drive the main road leading to the Grandholm Village and our dental practice. This closure will take place on 08 November 2015 and is expected to last for a period of 16 weeks.
If heading along the Parkway from Grandholm/AECC direction, pass the Buckie Brae Carvery, turn left at the roundabout, take the first left in to Fairview Brae, travel along this road until you get to the T-junction, turn left onto Laurel Drive. Follow this road right through to Grandholm.
If heading towards the Parkway from Haudagain/Mugiemoss direction, turn right at the Tesco roundabout onto Laurel Drive. Follow this road right through to Grandholm.
During the 16 week period there will be a diversion in place while the new road layout and works to complete the bridge are carried out. Aberdeen City Council has kindly provided us with a map for this diversion which we have attached a copy below (please click on the image to enlarge), as well as on our practice notice board at reception.
If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.


According to Mark Roemer Oakland, a leaky basement is detrimental to you in many ways. It poses an immense risk to your home’s value. If you ignore a leaking or wet basement, it won’t just ruin the floors. It would also damage walls, create a giant mold problem, and can even threaten the foundation of your home. Let’s check out how you can deal with it.
1. Plug the gaps – If you see water entering the basement through gaps or cracks around the plumbing pipes, make sure to plug them immediately. You can do that with PU caulk or hydraulic cement without going over $30. Plugs work when water is coming from a small hole due to wet soil or runoff. They won’t work when you have a groundwater problem where the water is leaking through the joint between walls and floors or directly through the floors.
2. Add gutter extensions – If you see downspouts channeling water just a few feet away from your home, you need to guide it to the right location with gutter extensions. While gutter extensions aren’t the most ideal long-term solution, they are a quick and inexpensive fix. Later on, you can use underground drainpipes to handle gutter runoff. They are a clean solution and are capable of moving a lot of water within a short time.
3. Restore the crown – If gutter runoff isn’t the issue and the basement is leaky even after plugging the gaps, you may need to check if the water is coming high up from the foundation walls. In that case, surface water isn’t able to drain off quickly. Your house needs to sit on a crown of soil.
The crown should be sloping at least 6 inches for the first 10 feet in every direction. Over time, this slope levels out and needs to be built back with a shovel. Get a water-shedding clay-loam mix to create a layer that’s 3 inches deep and 2 feet wide along the foundation.
4. Repair flood drains – If you see water leaking into the basement through the seams where your floor meets walls, you may have a problem with hydrostatic pressure pushing ground water up. Check for footing drains and underground pipes installed in your home. They should have been built to carry water away from the foundation.
Look for a drain, a manhole, or a cleanout pipe in the basement hole. If those structures seem clogged, you may need to flush the pipes with a garden hose. If that doesn’t work, you’ll need the help of a plumber. If you don’t have footing drains in the basement, you’ll need to get a curtain drain to divert away traveling water from under the house.
Mark Roemer Oakland suggests that you add gutter extensions, reshape your landscape, repair floor drains, and take all other steps necessary to keep your basement dry. A leaking basement is a hazard to the entire home and can cost you a lot more if left unchecked.


LED Street Light
LED street light refers to the street light made with LED light source. It has the unique advantages of high efficiency, safety, energy saving, environmental protection, long life, fast response, high color rendering index, etc., and it is of great significance for energy saving in urban lighting.
Road lighting is an important part of urban lighting. Traditional street lamps are often used. High-pressure sodium lamps emit 360 degrees. The disadvantage of large light loss has caused a huge waste of energy. At present, the global environment is deteriorating, and all countries are developing clean energy. With the rapid growth of the national economy, the contradiction between energy supply and demand in China has become increasingly prominent, and there has been a serious shortage of power supply. Energy conservation is an urgent problem that needs to be resolved. Therefore, the development of new high-efficiency, energy-saving, long-life, high color rendering index, environmentally friendly LED street lights is of great significance for energy saving in urban lighting.
Road lighting is closely related to people's production and life. With the acceleration of urbanization in China, LED street lights gradually take advantage of directional lighting, low power consumption, good driving characteristics, fast response speed, high earthquake resistance, long service life, and environmental protection. Entering people's vision and becoming the world's new generation of energy-saving light sources with the advantage of replacing traditional light sources, therefore, LED street lights will become the best choice for energy-saving retrofit of road lighting.


11 Aug New Riverdale Development
5959 BROADWAY, BRONX
Construction has officially begun on Stagg Group’s Riverdale project at 5959 Broadway in the Bronx. In development is a six-story, mixed-use building that will include 72 residential units, and two levels of underground parking. More than 13,000 square feet will be dedicated to commercial space, and more than 14,00 square feet will house a community facility, such as a charter school or medical clinic.


UrbanSolutions Planning & Land Development Consultants Inc. is the authorized planning consultant acting on behalf of Parkside Hills Inc., the owner of 609 & 615 Hamilton Street North, 3 Nisbet Boulevard, and 129-137 Truedell Circle.
The proposal for the subject property entails a multi-lot residential development for 63 units, consisting of 2 semi-detached units, 15 townhouse units, and 46 back-to-back townhouse units. A future Common Element Condominium will establish a shared private road which 39 units will front onto and will include 12 visitor parking spaces. The remaining 24 units will front onto municipal right-of-ways.
To facilitate this proposal, applications were submitted to the City of Hamilton on December 23rd of 2016, to amend the Urban Hamilton Official Plan and Zoning By-Law and to create a Draft Plan of Subdivision.
The purpose of this website is to provide interested parties with access to the proposed development application details, supporting studies and access to participate in the planning process.


Modular houses are produced in a factory and consists of the modules – repeated sections. The modular houses appear during the process of the mounting materials in the factory, putting them together into one element, which can be combined with another model, making several rooms and more complicated modular houses constructions. Modular houses consist of the floor, walls, roof, which are connected together and prepared in the factory. Modular houses are transported onto a construction site, where unloading, there a need of special faucet, and are made last mounting works. Combination variations of the modules are endless – putting them one on another, into one row or side by side etc.
The high quality of the modular houses and an efficiency of the producing process provides controlled factory background, strict producing rules and professional specialists in the building of wooden houses. Factory-made modular houses can include 60-95% of the housing interior (inner communications too), for example, kitchen furniture and furniture is possible to add in the factory. Modular houses are transported to the construction site, and the on-site construction process is minimized thanks to the high degree of completion of modular homes. It, in turn, decreases possible weather conditions’ influence in comparison to building on the spot. The result is high quality and energy efficient modular houses. In the building of modular houses is used structural isolated panels (SIP), light constructions, where the panels on both sides cover the polyurethane (PU) or expanded polystyrene (EPS) layer.
Modular houses can be used for a long-term living but can be also used to provide more temporary measures – camps, schools, military buildings, industrial buildings, churches, shopping centers, healthcare institutions, various office buildings and more. Also one of the most popular regions for building modular houses is the countryside territory, where full cycle building process is not possible or not logical, for example, the Arctic.
Modular house advantages:
- Fast installation and return on investment: the modules consist of a wood frame with a metal inner frame that provides durability and the ability to carrybecause of the finished level of the work in the factory, work supervision and reducing of financial resources. Characteristics of the construction provide, that in one time there are produced modular houses floors, walls, roof, roof rafters, and ceiling, which are combined as one full form. This, of course, can not be started on a full-cycle construction site – for example, you can not install roof rafters before finished load-bearing walls. This way, producing process of the modular house in comparison to wooden carcass building is half-time shorter.
- The inner construction can be made independently of weather conditions, increasing the efficiency of the work and reducing an ability, that materials will be damaged.
- Modular houses can be “built” in the outdoor territories, where a building of a usual house could be more expensive because of the transportation costs. Also, the modular house is beneficial when you need to provide fast medical or sanitary buildings.
- An effective use of the materials provides minimum garbage. Building a modular house, it is clear, how much material do we need, its size and amount. Materials, which are reduced, are wooden pallets, cardboard, gypsum board, wood, concrete, bricks, and cement.
- Nature-friendly mounting process: a low level of building works and materials provides less garbage, which positively influences an environment.
- Flexibility: the house can be fulfilled with additional modules if needed. It is possible to fulfill not only in the level of the first floor but also make another floor(s). Modules can be shared, removed and renewed if needed.
- Quality: modular houses are produced in a strictly controlled background, where modules are subjected to surveillance, produced in accordance with all the rules and certificates. As far as each module is transported separately it must withstand the transport and installation requirements as a whole. As far as each module is durable by itself, then an aggregate of the modular houses is more durable than a construction, which has been built on the spot.
- Improved air quality: the level of the humidity in constructions influences air quality in new buildings. As far as modules are produced in factories by using dry, appropriate materials, and the environment cannot influence them, constructions save minimum, the acceptable level of the humidity.
- A lot of places, when transporting;
- The constraints on transport and production can affect the size of the modules, thus affecting indoor dimensions;
- Loan authorities may not support the allocation of credit lines to modular homes.
- Noteworthy – modular house is not a container house. Despite that container house often is called as a modular house, it doesn’t have the wooden carcass, it is based on a cargo container metal basis. By appearance, both type houses are very different. Finished wooden carcass modular house is similar to the typical wooden house, which has been built in a construction site, but container house more or less saves a container form. One container house is suitable as a variant for the weekend, but for getting an extra living room, you have to add a separate container.
- In case of costs, the modular house is cheaper than a house, which is built at the spot. Of course, it depends on the fact, how comfortable and how big luxury is available. Also, costs depend on the planned size of the house. It has to be considered, how many square meters really are necessary for a comfortable and free living in a house. Sometimes people order huge private houses, but they can’t inhabit a house and to maintain properly. Modular house finish costs are based on a transporting expense.What are luxury modular houses? Luxury houses fulfill each client’s desire by a concrete material, interior design requirements, roof dimensions, and floor plans. In a building of a modular house, there is used approx. 20% of a wood, the house is stable in its sizes and forms. Professional masters invest in qualitative work. In a construction there are using high-quality materials, that’s why we certainly can talk about long lasting of the house.
The modular home installation process can be seen in this video:
Modular house – fast, comfortable and compact! And although the installation process for the modular home is short, the home can boast excellent longevity. A modular house is an excellent option for the future home, which can always be replenished, enlarged, changed.
Module sizes for modular houses can be different (not exceeding the maximum permitted in freight traffic), but after qualitative mounting works, even that is not visible, how the house was built.
In the building of the modular houses, there are the same quality building materials in use, as for the building of the timber carcass house. Also, modular houses are built more durable by using instead of nails screws, and also extra gluing in fastening places and by using 8-10% more wood in the construction.
Also, finished panel house does not differ from the wooden carcass house or modular house.


OSHA 30 Hour Construction Industry Outreach Training OSHA 29 CFR 1926
Course id: 1163
Duration: 4 days/7 H per day
The thirty hour construction outreach training course is a comprehensive safety program designed for safety directors, foremen, and field supervisors or anyone involved in the construction industry. OSHA recommends the 30 hr. outreach training course as an orientation to occupational safety and health covered by OSHA 29 CFR 1926.
Training course is a comprehensive safety program designed for anyone involved in the construction industry. Specifically devised for safety directors, foremen, and field supervisors.
to help Employers become self-sufficient in developing and maintaining an effective safety and health system.
- Locate OSHA Standards references applicable to specific hazardous conditions and practices (Introduction to OSHA Standards)
- Recognize the aspects of 1926 Subpart C (General Safety and Health Provisions)
- Implement preventative measures for accidents in their workplace (Subpart D- Occupational health and Environmental Controls)
- Describe types of personal protective equipment (PPE), and the requirements for use in OSHA standards (Subpart E- Personal Protective Equipment)
- Understand the requirements for fire protection in the workplace (Subpart F- Fire Protection and Prevention)
- Identify types of rigging equipment used to protect employees (Subpart H- Rigging; Subpart N- Cranes and Rigging)
- Identify the critical health and safety hazards of welding and cutting in the construction industry (Subpart J- Welding and Cutting)
- Identify common electrical hazards and related OSHA standards (Subpart K- Electrical Standards)
- Understand the importance of scaffolding for workers in elevated workplaces (Subpart L- Scaffolding)
- Implement measures for protecting workers and equipment from dangerous falls (Subpart M- Fall Protection)
- Recognize the hazards associated with working in or around excavation sites (Subpart P- Excavations)
- Understand the safety requirements necessary to protect workers around concrete and masonry jobs (Subpart Q- Concrete and Masonry)
- Identify the precautions and hazards to protect workers using explosives or blasting agents (Subpart T- Demolition)
- Protect workers who perform jobs on or around stairways or ladders at worksites (Subpart X – Stairways and Ladders)
- List and describe the hazards and prevalence of confined spaces


Compared to the rest of the world, the UK generates a small amount of its electricity from hydropower, so the future of hydroelectricity in the UK is very rightly questionable. We have 4 major hydropower stations in the UK that produce the most electricity. There are a number of lower scale and micro scale hydropower stations around the UK as well, though they do not produce nearly as much as the main four.
As of 2018 hydroelectricity was producing around 2.9% of the UK’s total energy mix, an increase of about 1% since 2012. So it’s easy to assume that hydro won’t have a major role on the road to net-zero by 2050, but what do you actually know?
The plan for the future of Hydroelectricity in the UK
It was once thought that the UK would see the same amount of development for hydroelectricity as the 1950’s and 60’s but with the increase in offshore wind and solar PV hydro seems to be getting left behind. This is not the only reason of course as the environmental impacts of hydroelectric dams restricts locations in which they can be built.
What are the current types of hydropower in the UK?
There are two types of classification for hydro in the UK, small scale and large scale. The definitions have been set by the government and refer to all hydro schemes.
In the UK, large scale hydro is used to describe any scheme that will generate anything greater then 5MW of installed capacity. You can probably tell that this classification can be quite broad. A 20MW hydropower plant could be in the same category as a 300MW plant. These large scale hydropower stations are often owned by major electricity utilities that are connected to the national grid.
As you probably might of guessed small scale electricity are schemes that generate less than 5MW of installed capacity. The benefit of small hydro is that remote companies or communities can produce their own power as they may not be connected to the grid.
How can we increase our current capacity?
It’s a fair question to ask when hydroelectricity comes up, why haven’t we increased our capacity yet? It mostly boils down to the fact that the areas within the UK that are the most suitable for hydroelectric dams have already been used for hydroelectric schemes. We’re a small island and can’t really compete with plants like the three gorges dam! Whether it be large scale or small scale, the majority of the best locations in the UK have been taken!
If you want to see the current capacity for hydro, check out this interactive map made by Carbon Brief.
What’s the potential?
Studies have shown that the UK has around 850-1550MW of potential hydroelectric capacity. Though this represents roughly 1% to 2% of the total generation capacity.
So as far as the future is concerned, these small scale hydropower plants will need to be used as efficiently and effectively as possible on the road to reducing our carbon emissions. Even some water mills are being revamped and reintroduced into the UK’s energy supply. This will ensure that our hydroelectricity potential will be met.
In short, there are no real plans for hydroelectricity in the UK, though just because new schemes aren’t set in stone doesn’t mean there wont be more of a future!
Thanks for taking the time to read this post, we hope you have a great day!


FAYETTEVILLE -- Good news drivers, the Garland Avenue expansion project is just about finished in Fayetteville. You may have noticed the lane closures re-opened last Friday - and the new traffic lights are on. Right now crews are still marking some pavement and putting in sod, but according to the Arkansas Highway and Transportation Department that will be finished by the time school starts.
Copyright 2016 Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


HAIZHOU MACHINERY Machinery Company is a professional concrete equipment manufacturer based in China. We have accumulated lots of experience of manufacturing concrete plants, concrete pumps and concrete mixers, since our establishment in 2002. Also, our company has been approved by ISO9001:2008.
Our concrete products, like concrete plants, pumps, mixers and batchers, and more, feature simple operation, low price, reliable performance, and environmentally friendliness. They are widely used for the construction of roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, and water conservancy projects, to name a few. In addition, our products have attracted many clients in Russia, Brazil, India, South Africa, the Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and Libya, among others.
If you are in need of concrete machinery, please do not hesitate to contact us at HAIZHOU MACHINERY. We look forward to working with you.
ISO certificate (English Version)
CE Certificate for slurry pump
Utility Model Patent Certificate of guide sleeve for reinforcement cage
Utility Model Patent Certificate of special vibrator for reinforcement cage
Utility Model Patent Certificate for pile driver with concrete conveying pipe
Utility Model Patent Certificate for crawler mounted pile frame
Utility Model Patent Certificate for special guide sleeve of reinforcement cage


President and Associate Architect, COARCHITECTURE
Normand Hudon is the architect and president of Coarchitecture, one of the main architectural firms in the Québec region with about sixty employees. His committed practice focuses on environmental responsibility through innovation and experience by design.
Throughout his professional journey, Normand has also been the president of Québec BVI (Green and Intelligent Building), and the Vice-president of the Canada Green Building Council, Québec section. He has taught sustainable development applied to real estate at the Faculty of Administrative Sciences and the Faculty of Science and Engineering of Laval University.
Avant-garde Director, Partner, COARCHITECTURE
Master in architectural sciences, François Cantin participated in the development of large-scale projects in the Quebec region, including several office developments. Expert in integrated design and building science.
Founded in 1976, a firm that has won several awards of excellence and is recognized for its expertise in the field of environmentally and socially responsible buildings. Coarchitecture designs for approximately $150M in construction costs annually.
Firm recognized for its approach focused on innovation and for its portfolio, one of the most extensive in the greater Quebec City region in cultural, administrative and technological building projects.
Recent landmark project: CNESST head office, Le Diamant.