Rain gutters may be one of the most overlooked aspects of a home, but they play a crucial role in protecting your property from water damage. Proper water drainage is essential to avoid expensive repairs and structural issues caused by water seeping into your foundation, walls, or roof. If you're considering rain gutter installation, this article will guide you through the process and help you understand the importance of having a functioning gutter system.
Rain gutters are designed to divert rainwater away from your home's foundation. Without them, rainwater would collect around the perimeter of your property, potentially causing issues such as:
Foundation Problems: Excessive water pooling around the foundation can weaken it, leading to cracks, shifting, and even structural damage over time. These issues can be costly to repair and compromise the stability of your home.
Basement Flooding: When water accumulates around your foundation, it can find its way into your basement, causing flooding and damage to your belongings.
Erosion and Landscaping Damage: Without proper water drainage, rainwater can erode soil and damage your landscaping, including plants, shrubs, and even walkways.
To ensure your rain gutters are effective at channeling water away from your property, it's crucial to follow the proper installation process. Here's a step-by-step guide:
Assessment and Planning: Start by assessing your home's needs and determining the appropriate gutter type, size, and material. Consider the local climate, the amount of rainfall, and the architectural style of your home. You may need to consult with a professional to find the best solution.
Gutter Sizing: Measure the roofline where the gutters will be installed, and calculate the slope for proper water flow. This information will help you determine the appropriate gutter size and the number of downspouts needed.
Gutter Material: There are various gutter materials available, including aluminum, vinyl, steel, and copper. Each material has its advantages and considerations, such as durability, cost, and aesthetic appeal. Choose the one that best suits your needs and budget.
Installation: Start by attaching the gutter hangers to the fascia board, ensuring they are securely fastened. Next, attach the gutter sections, making sure they slope towards the downspouts. Install the downspouts and downspout extensions to direct the water away from your home's foundation. Don't forget to seal all joints and corners properly to prevent leaks.
Maintenance: Once your rain gutters are installed, regular maintenance is necessary to keep them functioning efficiently. Clean your gutters regularly to remove debris like leaves, twigs, and dirt that can cause blockages. This will prevent water overflow and potential damage.
Installing rain gutters requires careful planning, attention to detail, and reliable scheduling to ensure the job is executed smoothly and efficiently. For small businesses and individuals looking to automate their bookings, LiteSite offers a simple and smart scheduling system integrated into a user-friendly mini-site.
LiteSite is perfect for very small businesses and individuals who want to streamline their booking process. With LiteSite, you can easily manage your appointments, set up customer reminders, integrate a CRM system, and even incorporate personal branding into your mini-site. Plus, they offer a free plan to get you started!
By utilizing LiteSite's innovative tools, you can ensure a hassle-free rain gutter installation project. From scheduling client appointments to sending automated reminders, LiteSite simplifies the entire process, allowing you to focus on what you do best: providing top-quality service.
Don't leave the protection of your home to chance. Invest in rain gutter installation and ensure proper water drainage with the help of LiteSite. Visit LiteSite.com today and sign up for their free plan to get started on automating your bookings and growing your small business.


Coming ‘Round to Roundabouts
Despite drawbacks of roundabout construction in Carmel, benefits should be acknowledged. Story by Adhi Ramkumar
As we traverse through the city of Carmel to get to school each day, it is hard not to notice the large amount of construction currently taking place. Over the past few years, Carmel has developed into a wealthy, urban environment full of flourishing local businesses and stores. A natural part of this growth is increased construction of buildings and roads to aid the ease of traveling within the city.
Starting with the construction of Keystone Parkway to the transformation of U.S. 31 into a highway-like road, Carmel has undergone significant change, which has significantly reduced travel times within the city. However, there is a highly disputed topic over the rapid construction of roundabouts in Carmel and whether or not they are necessary.
Some common arguments on this topic include that roundabouts can make navigation very difficult, especially during bad weather, albeit the most widely-held argument against the construction of roundabouts is that they yield confusion for drivers. Specifically on dual-lane roundabouts, there is a significant amount of confusion over entry as well as the vehicle path for each turning movement. As a result, the costs of property damage rise significantly despite a decreased number of injury damages. Personally, while my older brother was driving in Carmel, he was a victim to this exact problem with roundabouts; there was confusion between him and another driver, a newcomer who was unfamiliar with roundabouts, over yielding, and this resulted in a significant amount of damage to the car. This incident is just one of many that occur on a regular basis and represents a major disadvantage of roundabouts and their increased construction.
Nevertheless, there are numerous benefits to the construction of roundabouts. According to a study conducted in 2014 by the Department of Transportation in Minnesota, the construction of new roundabouts resulted in over 30 percent fewer car crashes and over 65 percent fewer injuries caused by such crashes. These statistics justify that despite some of the cons, roundabouts contribute to the safety of drivers.
As a result, it is important to accept the drawbacks of roundabouts and recognize the relative importance they have for the safety of drivers. Although it may be irritating to deal with the increased amount of construction and the confusion they cause, we should realize that in the long run, roundabouts will not only make our travels safer but will also facilitate smoother intercity travel.
Share this Post


Surveyor with leadership experience in commercial and industrial construction needed for engineering firm. In this role you will manage the construction staking and field site. As the Crew Chief, you will be responsible for 2 rod men and the accurate construction staking, boundary surveys, topographic data and survey drafting. You will ensure the location and layout of construction plans into physical points on the ground that can be used as a basis for actual construction. Position involves both site work and calculation responsibilities.
We have a variety of projects in progress in Salt Lake City and Salt Lake County. Our home office is based in Heber, but you are only required to meet once or twice a week as needed in the office.
Qualifications: BS Surveying or 2 years of experience surveying. PLS a plus.
Benefits are paid by the company. Competitive salary.
Thank you in advance. We hope to hear from you.
Thank you for considering this opportunity!


With pumps and aggregates from Buildingequipment.eu you have everything you need for your buildingsite. We have a wide range of dry self-priming diesel engine pumps. These waste water pumps are used in various situations, for example as sewage pumps, drainage pumps, construction pumps or emergency pumps. The pumps are standard equipped with a vacuum- system. Pre-filling these pumps with water is not necassery, which makes them quickly deployable.
Because of our wide experience we can advice you about everything for your building site. The experts at buildingequipment.eu are ready to help you with the equipment you need.
Why you should order your pumps and aggregates at buildingequipment.eu:
We can help you with all sorts of pumps: small or large, used and original.
All our pumps are for sale or to rent. Please contact our staff for more information about rental and sales.
We do not only sell products, we can also advise with the start of your building project. Due to the sixty years of experience of our sales partner Reco.
If you have any questions regarding the pumps, do not hesitate to contact us!
Rufen Sie uns an oder füllen Sie unser Kontaktformular aus, um nach unserer neuesten Lagerliste zu fragen Kontakt
15 power generators
3” dry self-priming dirty water pump (doublediaphragm) with diesel-engine
Eisele Impulse CD3 / PFD-442H – Dirty water pump
3” dry self-priming dirty water pump with dieselengine
Bever B70 / MP50
3'' dry self-priming dirty water pump with diesel-engine


About DCI Engineers
DCI Engineers is a national firm with regional expertise, providing client-focused civil and structural engineering services for the past 35 years. Our 20+ offices employ over 400 engineers and technical support staff, and we are licensed in all 50 states as well as many Canadian provinces. Our passion is to create built environments which address tenant satisfaction and positive economic impact to the community.
Our contributions to tribal community projects have brought lasting developments and facilities – regardless the scope or size of the project. Successful structural examples include the Marimn Health Coeur Center in Worley, Idaho; Colville Tribal Government Center in Nespelem, Washington; Benewah Medical Center in Plummer, Idaho; Tulalip Casino & Hotel in Marysville, Washington; Swinomish Casino Hotel in Anacortes, Washington; Viejas Casino Parking Structure in Alpine California. Our civil project examples include preparing sites for the Coeur d’Alene Child Care building in Plummer, Idaho; multi-family development for the Kalispel Tribe in Airway Heights, Washington; and earthwork preparation for the Colville Tribe in Omak, Washington.
All of these projects have one thing in common. We applied our firm’s philosophy to each one: Serve our clients in a professional and timely manner; Utilize innovative methods to best serve the needs of each customer; Measure the value of our service through cost reductions and improvements in constructability.


2 edition of Effect of end conditions on determining compressive strength of rock samples found in the catalog.
Effect of end conditions on determining compressive strength of rock samples
John R. Hoskins
|Statement||by John R. Hoskins and Frank G. Horino.|
|Series||Report of investigations -- 7171, Report of investigations (United States. Bureau of Mines) -- 7171.|
|Contributions||Horino, Frank G., United States. Bureau of Mines|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||22 p. :|
|Number of Pages||22|
M.R. WISNOM, in Comprehensive Composite Materials, Compressive tests. Compressive testing of composites is notoriously difficult, and despite the huge amount of research that has been undertaken, there are still many problems obtaining reliable and repeatable data for compressive strength. These issues are discussed by Adams in Chapter this volume. Compressive strength is the standard strength parameter of concrete that can be evaluated under site conditions as well. The most common method is to use cylinder cores drilled off the structure. Momber (b) was probably the first to suggest to use the way how a cylinder fails during the compression test as a criterion of the material behaviour during hydrodemolition.
When using the Brazilian test to determine the indirect tensile strength of rock, it is usually assumed that failure is the result of the uniform tensile stress normal to the splitting diameter (see Figure 4a) and that the tensile strength, T o, is given by the value of F 3 (= -T o) at failureFile Size: KB. The moisture condition of the specimen at the time of the sample preparation can have a significant effect upon the strength and deformation characteristics of the rock. Good practice generally dictates that laboratory tests be made upon a specimens’ representative of field conditions. Thus, it follows that the field moisture condition of the specimen should be preserved until the time.
TEST PITS It is most satisfactory for determining foundation conditions in rock, since the exposed bed rock surface can be closely inspected. The strength of the rock & ease of excavation can be determine by trial with a pick or compressed-air tools. Blocks or cylinders of the rock can be cut for laboratory tests. It is economical when bed rock. The point load strength index can be used to classify the rocks. A common method used is by estimating the uniaxial compressive strength. 5. Signiﬁcance and Use The uniaxial compression test (seeTest Method D ) is used to determine compressive strength of rock specimens. However, it is a time-consuming and expensive test thatFile Size: KB.
An analysis of priorities in marital couples
summary of Maryland stream pH and alkalinity data
Annual report on exchange arrangements and exchange restrictions 1980.
Listening to Heloise
SARA LEE/DE N.V.
Rosen and Powerkids Spanish I
The Federal budget for fiscal year 1984
Three protests against certain resolutions adopted by the Presbytery of aAntrim, at a special meeting, held on Wednesday, November 6th, 1861
Bunnies Under Umbrella, Friendship Postcard
Water rights and water law in the 1980s
historical vindication of the abrogation of the plan of union by the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America.
Accountability in Hong Kong
University of London union list of serials.
Effect of end conditions on determining compressive strength of rock samples. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines,  (OCoLC) Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the effect of material discontinuities on rock sample mechanical properties.
The investigations consisted of detecting discontinuities, observing the failure mechanisms during uniaxial compressive strength tests, and analysing of the factors affecting the strength. The Effect of Discontinuities on Strength of Rock Samples.
The mechanical properties of rock samples of identical lithological composition may vary significantly due to existence of material discontinuities. Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the effect of material discontinuities on rock sample mechanical properties.
It can be observed that an increase in the slenderness of specimen caused a decrease in end frictional effect on the uniaxial compressive strength of rock specimen. The numerical results also revealed that the shape effect originated from the end frictional effect as the rock material was homogeneous.
Firstly, the shape effect had the greatest impact on rock strength properties. In the typical range of length/diameter ratios varying from 1 to 3, the influence on destruction work, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength is quite significant.
In comparison, the effect on unconfined compressive strength. A discussion on the decrease of unconfined compressive strength between saturated and dry rock samples M.
Romana Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain. [email protected] B. Vásárhelyi Technical University of Budapest, Hungary ABSTRACT: The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of a rock is a basic parameter for manyFile Size: KB.
In this survey whether the sample dimensions measured in laboratory have effect on P-wave velocity or not was investigated. Nine different rock groups were used in this study. Six different diameter core samples were prepared from each of the groups. Therefore, a numerical simulation method is required to determine the lateral inertia effect and end friction effect of granite samples, and then the dynamic compressive strength enhancement caused by the lateral inertial effect and end friction effect, respectively, is eliminated from the measured dynamic compressive strength of granite by: 5.
UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH C o (x psi) 0 50 SPECIMEN LENGTH L (in.) VARIATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH SIZE C o = 35 x L In this plot of the size effect on strength, a power function was used to best-fit the experimental data. NOTE, however, that beyond L=36 in. the size effect ceases to be of much consequence.
unconfined compressive strength of rocks (UCS). Since one cannot expect % efficiency of energy transfer from the bit to the rock, one can then replace SE by the term:  Rock drillability prediction from in situ determined unconfined compressive strength of rock by V.C.
Kelessidis* Synopsis. Because the compressive strength of rock is one of the most important parameters in rock engineering practices, and the dynamic test method of compressive strength is less complex than that of the tensile strength test (Huang et al., ), the specific problem investigated in this work is the accumulated damage in rocks due to heat-treatment and its effect on the dynamic compressive strength of by: • Strength classification is based on strength of the rock (compressive strength & modulus of elasticity; Table ) • 5 strength classes: A-E based on the overall rock strength; A = very strong, E = very weak (Table ) • Any discontinuities, fractures, bedding planes, etc.
will strongly influence overall strength of the rock. The effect of specimen size on the measured unconfined compressive strength and other mechanical properties has been studied by numerous researchers in the past, although much of this work has been based on specimens of non-standard dimensions and shapes, and Cited by: ingtheuniaxial compressive strength of rock for practical engineering purposes.
Table IVlists the corres-ponding strength ranges for the strength classification of rock ma-terials8. ESTIMATION OF THE TRIAXIAL STRENGTH While determination ofthe uni-axial compressive strength ofrockis a simple matter, this is not true for the collection of the File Size: KB.
Many dynamic events in coal mine are caused by the instability of coal–rock body. In order to study the influence of rock strength on this type of instability, uniaxial compression experiments of rock–coal–rock composite samples with different rock strengths are carried out, and the effect and mechanism of rock strength on the mechanical behavior and fracture mode of the composite Cited by: Effect of length-to-diameter ratio on the unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil specimens.
In this work, the influence of the length-to-diameter ratio (L/D) on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of cohesive soil specimens was assessed.
COMPRESIVE STRENGTH TEST The compressive strength is probably the most widely d d d k i iused and quoted rock engineering parameter. Under uniaxial load conditions the maximum stress that the rock sample can sustain referred as uniaxial compressive strength (σucs or.
Nine concrete beams were created to determine the fracture toughness of the specimens. Results showed that enhancement in the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens with diame 68, and 72 mm was monotonic as a result of the increased grain size, whereas it took a monotonic but decreasing trend in those 94 mm in diameter.
Table 4D–6 Hardness and unconfined compressive strength 4D–3 Table 4E–1 Line survey data 4E–1 Table 4E–2 Joint set spacing categories 4E–1 Part National Engineering Handbook Engineering Classification of Rock Materials Chapter 4 (–VI–NEH, Amend. 55, January ) 4–v.
Estimating compressive strength. General rock failure criterion can be reduced to a few parameters dependent on lithology (m) and the uniaxial compressive strength (C 0).Lithology is commonly derived during log analysis, so m may be estimated (Table 1).What is needed still is an initial measure of rock strength provided by C 0.
C 0 can be estimated from porosity or sonic velocities, but many. Coal Operators’ Conference The University of Wollongong 12 –14 February EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CURING CONDITIONS ON THE COMPRESSIVE AND FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF PLASTER OF PARIS Zhenjun Shan,1Ian Porter, Jan Nemcik and Qiuqiu Qiao ABSTRACT: Gypsum plaster is often used when modelling rock and rock such, it is important that the.
This Video shows a new device and method to determine the unconfined compressive strength (σc) of samples of disc-shaped rocks and which were tested with a diametric load - EVA TEST.Rock compressive strength and rock tensile strength of T 2y 5 marble are – and – MPa respectively.
Thus the brittleness index, n b, of T 2 y 5 marble is between and Similarly the brittleness index, B, of T 2 y 5 marble also can be determined, in which E .


The perfect rain gutter for sustainable construction and tough environments
Plastmo Plastic Rain Gutters does not contain any form of plasticizers or heavy metals. You are guaranteed an eco-friendly and long-lasting rain gutter solution.
For the last 60 years the PVC rain gutters has been the preferred choice in the north. The material is easy to work with and can withstand extremely low temperatures, salty air and air pollution. You can choose PVC rain gutters no matter where you live or which roof construction you have, because the material does not corrode or rust.
100% recyclable material
Plastmo is a member of WUPPI. Wuppi is a common initiative from the PVC Industry. The purpose is to collect and recycle PVC construction waste. Together we will help further the sustainable evolution by reusing discarded hard PVC, which would have ended as construction waste. That is why all Plastmo Plastic Rain Gutters, downpipes and fittings are made of 100 % recyclable unleaded hard PVC (Polyvinylchloride).
Design and aesthetics
Besides leading the rainwater from the roof and safely to the ground, the rain gutter system is an important part of the house’s expression and very much a question of design and aesthetics. Scandinavian, simple and elegant design are three of the things that characterize the Plastmo Rain Gutters. The rain gutter systems are mounted with almost invisible joints and discrete spouts.
The PVC assortment is available in 5 different colors and 3 different dimensions of rain gutters. In that way, it is possible to put together the best possible solution for your project. If you have any doubts about what size of rain gutter that fits the roof area of your project you can get help by using our rain gutter configurator. The configurator gives you the best possible solution for your project and a complete list of materials.
How to mount rain gutters
All plastic rain gutters and fittings are joined with the special Plastmo Rain Gutter glue for PVC. It is an easy and quick mounting method that is preferred by many professionals as well as DIY people. The joints are both discrete and close and you can be sure that the solution will be durable.
25 year warranty
We provide a 25-year guarantee on plastic rain gutters. You are covered against manufacturing and material defects that cause leakage. The warranty does not cover any form of consequential damage such as operating damage.
Supply and storage
Rain gutters and pipes are usually delivered with a strapex-tape, which you must remove as soon as possible. Never store packaged rain gutters and pipes in direct sunlight.


Nashville Hydroseeding has a team of experienced professionals who use state-of-the-art equipment to provide efficient and effective excavation. Our commitment to safety and quality workmanship makes us the best choice for any excavation project in Nashville.
Best Practices for Excavation Quality Control
Excavation quality control is a critical aspect of any excavation project. It ensures that the excavation is performed safely, efficiently, and in compliance with all regulations and requirements. Implementing best practices for excavation quality control is essential to the success of the project and the safety of all involved.
One of the most important aspects of excavation quality control is establishing clear and concise procedures for excavation activities. This includes identifying potential hazards and developing procedures to mitigate those risks. It also involves establishing guidelines for excavating near underground utilities, ensuring that proper trenching methods are used, and conducting soil testing to identify any potential hazards.
get a quote
Importance of Proper Excavation Site Stabilization
Proper excavation site stabilization is an essential aspect of any excavation project. It involves the use of various techniques and methods to prevent soil erosion, control water runoff, and stabilize the excavation site. The importance of proper excavation site stabilization cannot be overstated, as it can have a significant impact on the safety, efficiency, and overall success of the excavation project.One of the primary reasons why proper excavation site stabilization is so important is safety. Unstable excavation sites can pose significant hazards to workers and equipment, including the risk of cave-ins, landslides, and other accidents.
In addition to safety, proper excavation site stabilization can also improve the efficiency of the excavation project. By preventing soil erosion and controlling water runoff, excavation activities can be performed more efficiently without frequent interruptions or delays. This can help to reduce costs and improve overall project timelines.
Proper excavation site stabilization can also have a positive impact on the environment. By preventing soil erosion and controlling water runoff, the excavation site can be protected from sedimentation and other forms of pollution. This can help to preserve local water resources, protect wildlife habitats, and maintain the overall ecological health of the surrounding area.
Finally, proper excavation site stabilization is also essential for regulatory compliance. Many local, state, and federal regulations require excavation projects to implement appropriate site stabilization techniques to protect the environment and public safety. By following these regulations and implementing proper site stabilization techniques, excavation projects can ensure that they comply with all applicable laws and regulations.
In conclusion, proper excavation site stabilization is essential for any excavation project’s safety, efficiency, and overall success. By preventing soil erosion, controlling water runoff, and stabilizing the excavation site, excavation projects can be performed safely, efficiently, and in compliance with all applicable regulations and requirements.
Key Considerations for Safe and Efficient Building
When it comes to construction, safety and efficiency should always be top priorities. While every construction project is unique, there are several key considerations that should be taken into account to ensure that the project is both safe and efficient.
Finally, ongoing monitoring and evaluation is essential for safe and efficient construction. This includes regular inspections of the construction site, as well as ongoing evaluation of the project plan and progress. By regularly monitoring and evaluating the project, construction teams can identify potential issues and take corrective action as needed, ensuring that the project stays on track and on budget.
In conclusion, there are several key considerations that should be taken into account for safe and efficient construction, including proper planning and preparation, the use of high-quality materials and equipment, effective communication and collaboration, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation. By prioritizing these considerations, construction teams can ensure that their projects are completed safely, efficiently, and to the highest standards of quality.
get a free quote now
At Nashville Hydroseeding, we are always here to help. If you have any inquiries or feedback regarding our services, please don’t hesitate to contact us. Our team of experienced professionals is available and ready to assist with your erosion control needs.
We look forward to hearing from you! If you have any questions about our services or want a quote, please get in touch with us today. Thank you for considering Nashville Hydroseeding!


Full-Time ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIST TECHNICIAN 1
Reporting to the Supervisor and working in a team environment, the Engineering Technologist Technician 1 may direct the work of Engineering Technologist 2s and/or Inspectors Municipal Construction while undertaking the following responsibilities.
- Administers, prepares, coordinates and reviews requirements, engineering designs, drawings, reports, specifications and documentation related to Toronto Water projects, and Operations and Maintenance activities.
- Prepares tenders and quotations, and administers contracts for the installation, construction, rehabilitation, and maintenance of infrastructure to ensure contracts are carried out in accordance with City standards, specifications and procedures, and verifies activities for payment.
- Conducts field investigations, evaluates asset condition for a variety of planned proposals, programs, and projects pertaining to water and wastewater infrastructure.
- Prepares correspondence and technical reports.
- Assists or carries out technical work for the planning, tendering, construction and inspection of municipal infrastructure.
- Coordinates, reviews and prepares engineering design drawings and reports for existing and proposed sewers, watermains, watercourses, storm water facilities and other municipal infrastructure, using various software applications.
- Liaises with internal and external stakeholders, i.e. other Divisions, Utility companies, developers, public, contractors, consultants, architects etc. pertaining to water and wastewater infrastructure issues.
- Performs and/or reviews research, conducts studies and / or calculations and analysis of technical data.
- Investigates and responds to inquiries from the public, surveyors, consultants, contractors & internal customers related to construction and maintenance activities, on by-law interpretation, location of property lines, encroachments, digital CADD and processes.
- Prepares, reads and interprets technical drawings
- Collects, maintains and analyzes data and prepares reports making recommendations based upon applicable by-laws and City policies.
- Programs, operates and maintains a variety of, digital, analogue, wireless, computerized and other equipment and systems in performing surveys, drafting, calculations, studies, data collection, etc.
- Checks and provides progress/inspection reports on the work of contractors and developers to ensure adherence to approved designs, procedures, regulations, statutes, specifications, etc.
- Prepares correspondence and technical reports pertaining to issues relevant to Toronto Water.
Your application must describe your qualifications as they relate to:
- Graduate in a Civil Engineering Technologist Program from a recognized College or equivalent combination of education and experience.
- Considerable experience in Civil Engineering with practical experience in the municipal water distribution, wastewater collection and storm water management activities and systems.
- Must possess a Class “G” or better Driver’s License valid in the province of Ontario and able to maintain same and provide a personal vehicle.
You must also have:
- Considerable experience in providing customer service to a broad range of stakeholders.
- Advanced knowledge of a variety of software packages including Microsoft Office Suite (i.e. Word, Excel, Access, Outlook, and Visio), geospatial data and mapping applications and mainframe systems such as, but not limited to: Hansen, SAP, ArcGIS and GIS viewer.
- Experience in the operation of CADD (e.g. Microstation) and GIS (e.g. ArcView).
- Knowledge and understanding of Municipal Civil Engineering principles, practices and construction methods related to hydrology, hydraulics, storm water management, water efficiency/conservation; and the collection of infrastructure condition rating data, for example: CCTV, flow monitoring, trunk collection system, pump testing.
- The ability to interpret engineering drawings and documents, e.g. plans and profiles, surveys, Specifications, etc.
- Knowledge and understanding with all relevant regulations, statutes, standards and practices (e.g. Occupational Health and Safety Act, Ontario Underground Infrastructure Notification System Act 2012, OPSS, OPSD, TAC, MOE).
- Demonstrated ability to perform manual and computerized mathematical calculations used in engineering analysis.
- Knowledge and experience of procurement and other purchasing procedures, such as, tendering and administration of construction contracts, request for proposals etc.
- Ability to work effectively in a team environment with consultants, contractors, colleagues and other City employees at all levels and members of the public.
- Excellent interpersonal skills with the ability to communicate effectively, both verbally and in writing, at all organizational levels.
- Advanced problem solving, project coordination skills and the ability to exercise independent judgement in dealing with technical matters.
- Ability to plan, prioritize and organize and work with minimal supervision.
- Demonstrated ability to provide work direction to other staff.
Membership or eligibility for membership in the Ontario Association of Engineering, Technicians and Technologists (OACETT) would be an asset.
Understanding of continuous improvement processes and practices (Lean-Six Sigma and/or project management certification is an asset).
Number of positions & work locations:
- One (1) permanent and one (1) temporary positions at 60 Tiffield Road
- Two (2) permanent and one (1) temporary positions at North York Civic Centre
- One (1) temporary position at 150 Disco Road
Please note that all applicants are encouraged to provide a valid email address for communication purposes. Applicants may receive written correspondence regarding this job posting directly to the email address provided on their resume or to the one used to set-up their Candidate Profile if applying on TalentFlow. As an applicant, it is your responsibility to ensure that you check your email regularly.
The City of Toronto is committed to fostering a positive and progressive workforce that is representative of the citizens we serve. We will provide equitable treatment and accommodation to ensure barrier-free employment. In accordance with the Ontario Human Rights Code, Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act and the City of Toronto’s Accommodation Policy, a request for accommodation will be accepted as part of the City’s hiring process.
If you are invited to participate in an assessment process, kindly provide your accommodation needs in advance. Please be advised that you may be requested to provide medical/other documentation to Human Resources to ensure that appropriate accommodation is provided to you throughout the hiring process.
302 total views, 3 today


And Water Softeners
If you are in the market for a water softening system but own a home that uses a septic system, you may be wondering if the two are compatible with each other. There are real issues with salt-based softeners and septic tanks but there is still a solution for you! A water softener that NuvoH2O offers can actually help aid septic systems in performing their operations.
To understand how a water softener works, you must first know the difference between hard and soft water. Hard water is water that has a high concentration of non-treated mineral content, such as calcium and magnesium. These minerals find their way into the water system because groundwater dissolves different rocks and metals leaving the remnants to travel along with it. Although most American homes have hard water running through their home, many do not realize the potential negative effects this water has on them and their property.
On the opposite side of the spectrum is soft water. To turn hard water into soft, a water softener system must be installed within your home, which stops scale from forming. This helps provide your home with water that has less potential for causing damage, whether that be to your appliances, piping, septic system, or anything impacted by water!
There are many reasons why you do not want non-treated hard water constantly running throughout your home because, believe it or not, it can cause immense damage to your property.
Hard Water Negatives Include:
Installing a home water softening system can help prevent these problems and more! That said, you need a septic-safe water softener such as the ‘Home Water Softener,’ which does an excellent job at keeping your home's septic system running well while providing benefits that include:
Understanding how a septic system works is an excellent way to better know a water softener's potential effects on the system. A standard septic system consists of a septic tank, a distribution box, a drainfield, and all of its connected pipes. As you use the bathroom on a daily basis, wastewater travels through the pipes from your home to the septic tank where all solids sink to the bottom, while the lighter material stays at the top. During the process, all layers of waste are partially decomposed with the help of naturally occurring bacteria, where the septic then discharges water into a drainfield as more wastewater is released.
WITH SALT-BASED WATER SOFTNERS AND SEPTIC TANKS
The main issue with traditional salt-based water softeners and septic tanks is the extra sodium that is added to the water, which experts believe causes problems in anaerobic digestion in the septic tanks as well as the hydraulic conductivity in the drain field. Hydraulic overloading is also a possibility due to backwash because septic systems are usually not designed with the intent of accommodating the extra water that comes from the regeneration of hard water. The extra salt in backwash might also lead to the deterioration of concrete septic tanks.
Regenerated backwash and salt-based softened water increase the sodium chloride levels in the septic tanks. Increased salinity in the septic tank may kill the helpful bacteria in the tank. This can be attributed to the fact that the increased salinity as a result of the backwash induces some form of metabolic shock in the septic tank bacteria. Since the bacteria's function in the system is to digest organic waste, killing or reducing the number of bacteria leads to non-effective wastewater treatment.
That said, you need a septic-safe water softener such as the 'Manor Duo Water Softener Plus Taste System', which does an excellent job at keeping your home's septic system running well while providing benefits that include:
Preventing hard water scale build-up
Removing existing hard water scale build-up
Helping to keep your appliances running well for years to come
Helps keep hair and skin moisturized
Eco-friendly approach with no salt, phosphates, wastewater, or electricity
Helps retain the healthy minerals you actually need within your water
If you are a homeowner who has been hesitant to install a water softening system within their home due to having a septic system, we at NuvoH2O want to let you know that there is nothing to worry about. As a company, we want to provide the benefits of soft water to as many individuals as possible, which is why we sell septic safe water softeners which will bring no harm to you or the home. We have multiple options to choose from, depending on the size of your home, such as the Home Water Softener, suitable for homes under 1,500 sqft, or if you need something larger, our Manor Water Softener would be a perfect choice!
At NuvoH2O, we take a different approach to water softening as we use citrus, not salt, to create the effects. Using a salt-based system has various drawbacks which include that they are bulky, inconvenient, and wasteful systems that require lugging heavy salt bags to be used effectively. What makes our system different is the molecules in CitraCharge®, which bind to the hard minerals preventing them from adhering to pipes, fixtures, surfaces, and other appliances. Take advantage of a system that is simple to use, convenient to maintain, effective in stopping mineral build-up, and completely eco-friendly.
Over 85% of American households deal with the various issues that stem from the use of hard water, be part of the 15% and take advantage of soft water and its many benefits today! At NuvoH2O, we have everything you need for an effective water system when it comes to homes pipes and appliances such as the water heater, dishwasher, and more! No matter what your soft water needs require, we got you and your family covered! Browse our products today to find the perfect solution for your home.


What does green building mean?
In a nutshell, it means making choices that help protect and sustain our environment and our communities.
It means reducing dependence on fossil fuels, extracted underground metals and minerals by promoting the use of solar power, efficient insulating materials and wood-burning heating systems. And it means minimizing the use of chemicals and other manufactured substances that can accumulate in nature. Lastly, it means avoiding activities that harm life-sustaining ecosystems. Using sustainably harvested lumber is a great place to start.
Adopting a green building mindset is a great way to help protect our environment. I work with you at every stage of your project to help determine what green building choices we can make for a better finished product and a healthier environment.
The following resources are great places to start when you ate thinking about a building project. Feel free to contact me with any questions.


Completion of the project Development and provision of electricity outage prediction service
As of December 12, 2023, the project Development and provision of electricity outage prediction service was completed. It was based on information about faults in distribution networks and weather data. The project was implemented thanks to the support of the Operational Program Integrated Infrastructure with fund support from the European Regional Development Fund from 3/2023 to 12/2023.
The project created a new service for predicting power outages based on information about power grid failures and weather data. Digital content in the form of supporting information for using the service and providing the electronic service itself includes the WEFP portal (https://wefp-app.sfera.sk/).
The service allows the public to obtain weather-related information about the stability of the electricity supply in a given location free of charge. It helps citizens and entrepreneurs decide whether to invest in backup solutions, self-production of electricity, or energy self-sufficiency. It thus contributes to a better use of data owned by the public administration.
We thank all colleagues who participated in the implementation of the project.


Retaining walls are designed landscaping toowoomba companies to help homeowners overcome uneven terrain in their landscape and can add aesthetic appeal to an otherwise bare landscape. Retaining walls are often used to enhance the amount of open space in a landscape, and they can also provide environmental benefits like protecting spaces from excessive saturation and protecting soil from erosion.
This type of landscape structure is commonly used for different purposes. For example, retaining walls may be built as part of a storm water drainage system that is designed to prevent flooding in residential areas. Walls, typically in the form of posts and retaining plates, are installed on top of a foundation or on the landscape to create a dam that can prevent water from flowing into a home or building and keep soil from draining away. In addition, these walls may be built to protect water sources, such as ponds, from overflowing into the soil surrounding homes and buildings. Additionally, these structures can be built in order to hold back water so that it does not enter a home and may be channeled away from foundation walls and into a storm water system.
Retaining walls are also used for other reasons. In a retaining wall system, retaining materials are placed above and around the soil that is being used to support plants or landscaping. The materials used may include pergola type plants that grow tall and spread out in a decorative way. These materials are usually chosen based on visual appeal and how they will affect the landscape. For example, stones may be installed around the pergola if a natural stone look is desired. In addition, some types of plants may be planted next to retaining walls to add a more formal look to the landscape.


Digging Depressions in seafloor to create artificial islands in nearby areas
Small islands have been built in inland waters since prehistoric times, but using sea floor material to build an offshore island is a much larger project. As Peter Taylor and JBH have pointed out, it has been done twice off the coast of Dubai. Both those projects have been monitored for erosion and local environmental effects, some of which were significant. There is also Samphire Ho, which is not an island but a coastal extension of the British mainland built out of spoil from the Channel Tunnel.
The technology for such a project is clearly available but the volume of rock/sand/mud to be moved makes it extremely expensive in energy and money, and probably not financially sustainable in most cases. If extra land is the aim then Dutch-style sea walls, or large platforms on stilts or floats, would be cheaper.
The environmental impact would depend on the location, geology and the source of energy for the work. Any bottom-dwellers that couldn't swim out of the way would be destroyed, but the depressions and islands would provide a larger habitat with a range of depths, which might give a net increase in biodiversity. If the islands were simply piled-up sand, their footprints would be huge.
Any minerals exposed by the digging would mix with seawater, which might (temporarily) pollute a wider area with iron, silt or heavy metals.
The finished islands would affect waves, currents and the erosion patterns of any nearby coasts for as long as they lasted.
1 comment thread
This is already done today
The UAE artificial islands use material dredged from the sea bottom to ceate the islands.
But is it sustainable?
The easy answer is "no." You're not creating islands out of bedrock, you're creating islands out of sand. You might remember the old ditty based on the Bible... "The wise man built his house upon the rock..." Wave and current erosion is constantly eating at the nearly insubstantial sand construction and causing it to slip back to where it came from.
Having said that, could it be sustainable?
let's throw cost and sanity to the wind. Could the idea be sustainable? The answer, I believe, is yes.
If you created a fairly large island and worked very hard to cover it with vegetation such that the root structures bound the sand in place, then you'd have a sustainable solution with the possible exception of being hit by a tsunami.
A worthwhile axiom to keep in mind is, "Mother Nature can always prove the arrogance of Man."
1 comment thread


Azamat Kozhekov is an expert on construction, commissioning and maintenance of buildings and structures. His experience in the field of maintenance and construction is more than 30 years.
Over the past 12 years, he has worked as a technical director for construction and technical issues in one of the largest corporations in Almaty – Ile Korporatsiyasy. Under the leadership of Azamat Kozhekov, more than 1,270 people worked. He managed such construction and operation projects as the Lumiere cinema in the Zangar Shopping Center, the reconstruction of the Zangar Shopping Center, the Almaty Fan Factory, two large business centers, the Samal Hotel and others.
As a technical director, he was actively involved in the creation of concepts and development of projects of buildings under construction from the very first stages: from the calculation of business plans and obtaining permits, to commissioning. In order to ensure effective work, he worked closely with the Administrative Apparatus of the city of Almaty, personally ensuring control over compliance with project quality standards.


Durable,Galvanized Perforated pre galvanized pipe
< Sponsored Listing 3/4 ul797 ansi c80.3 galvanized electrical steel emt conduit pipes manufacturers Product Name 3/4 ul797 ansi c80.3 galvanized electrical steel emt conduit pipes manufacturers M aterial Grade Q195,Q235 Surface Finished Pre galvanized or hot dipped galvanized Standard UL797 ANSI C80.3 Length 3.05 M or customized length STANDARD EMT CONDUIT Standard Nominal Sizeimc+pipe - View all imc+pipe ads in Carousell PhilippinesEmt Imc Pipes. PHP 112. Intermediate metal #conduit (IMC) is a steel tubing heavier than EMT but lighter than RMC. It may be threaded. Electrical metallic #tubing (EMT), sometimes called thin-wall, is commonly used as it is less costly and lighter. EMT itself is not threaded, but can be used with threaded fittings that . NewBrand TOPELEPrice Range $0.83 - $15.20brown electrical conduit pipe,brown electrical conduit < Sponsored Listing 3/4 ul797 ansi c80.3 galvanized electrical steel emt conduit pipes manufacturers Product Name 3/4 ul797 ansi c80.3 galvanized electrical steel emt conduit pipes manufacturers M aterial Grade Q195,Q235 Surface Finished Pre galvanized or hot dipped galvanized Standard UL797 ANSI C80.3 Length 3.05 M or customized length STANDARD EMT CONDUIT Standard Nominal
China 3 Inch Emt Conduit,China 3 Inch Emt Conduit
offers 394 3 inch emt conduit products.About 85% of these are steel pipes,7% are conduit fittings.A wide variety of 3 inch emt conduit options are available to you,such as astm.You can also choose from q195-q345,16mn,and 10#-45#.As well as from emt pipe,api pipe.And whether 3 inch emt conduit is bending,or welding.China EMT Conduit manufacturer,IMC Pipes,EMTChina EMT Conduit supplier,IMC Pipes,EMT Connector Manufacturers/ Suppliers - HEFEI ELECMAN ELECTRICAL CO.,LTD. Flexible Conduits EMT/IMC/Rigid Fittings Liquid Tight Fittings Flex and Cable Fittings Conduit IEC 61386 EMT Tube 25mm Conduit for SaleChina IEC 61386 Standard EMT Conduit Pipe - China EMT EMT Pipe Steel PipesEMT Conduit, Tuberia EMT, EMT Pipe manufacturer / supplier in China, offering IEC 61386 Standard EMT Conduit Pipe, Steel Liquid-Tight Flexible Conduit, Conduit Electrical EMT Elbow and so on.
China Stainless Steel Emt,China Stainless Steel Emt
About 66% of these are steel pipes,1% are conduit fittings.A wide variety of stainless steel emt options are available to you,such as q195-q345,a53-a369.You can also choose from emt pipe.As well as from round.And whether stainless steel emt is structure pipe.There are 3,104 stainless steel emt suppliers,mainly located in Asia.EMT Conduit Price, 2021 EMT Conduit Price Manufacturers EMT Pipe Steel PipesPre Galvanized Steel Pipe Price List 5 Inch Galvanized Steel Pipe EMT Conduit Hot DIP Galvanized Zinc CoatingFactory Stock Good Price Galvanized Steel EMT ConduitWholesale Aluminum EMT Conduit with Best PriceEMT Steel Conduit UL797 Tuberia/Tube with Pre-Galvanzed Hot DIPEMT elbow - Steel Pipe and Fittings SupplierASTM A53 seamless steel pipe; EN10216-1 seamless steel tube; Pipe machines; Pipe hanger and clamp; Fire protection fittings.Grooved fittings; Grooved flange; Grooved coupling; EMT elbow,also called EMT bend,is used to form 90° or 45° EMT raceway.TPMC supply EMT elbow in UL listed.EMT elbow.EMT 90° elbow.
Electrical Steel EMT Pipe/EMT Conduit/Tubos EMT/Tuberia EMT Pipe Steel Pipes
Electrical Steel EMT Pipe/EMT Conduit/Tubos EMT/Tuberia, Find Details about Steel Pipes, Electrical Metallic Tubing from Electrical Steel EMT Pipe/EMT Conduit/Tubos EMT/Tuberia - HEFEI ELECMAN ELECTRICAL CO., LTD. EMT Pipe Steel Pipes Surface Treatment: Galvanized. Material: Carbon Structural Steel (Q195) Technique: Hot Rolled.Emt tube Manufacturers Suppliers,China emt tube Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT) Conduit ,Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC Conduit Pipes/Tubes EMT IMC Rsc BS4568 BS31 UL 1242 ANSI C80.6 From Supplier Tyt Group Gi Weld Carbon ERW Square Pipe Galvanized Round Steel Tube for Building Material.Hot Dipped Galvanized Steel EMT Pipe EMT 32 imagesChina Emt Pipe,Emt Pipe Manufacturers,Suppliers,Price Hot Dipped Galvanized Steel EMT Pipe (EMT-32) FOB Price US $ 600-800 / Ton Min.Order 1 Ton.Type Welded; 5 Inch Galvanized Steel Pipe EMT Conduit Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Pipe.FOB Price US $ 600-650 / Ton Min.Order 20 Tons. More related options such as galvanized steel pipe,steel pipe,emt conduit could be your choices too
S355J2H alloy emt Pipes - Steel Pipe Price
Ali Website Galvanized Steel Round Pipe S355j2h Steel Tube , 3/4 emt tube galvanized steel pipe SinoSources[steel]Pre galvanized pipe made by black pipes dipped into zinc pool for galvanized.Zinc coating :60 80g /m2 Steel GradeQ195 Q345,S235JR,S275JR,S355JR,Spsr 490 Square Steel Pipes Factory imagesChina JIS Ss400 Ss490 Hot Dipped Galvanized Square Tube JIS Ss400 Ss490 Hot Dipped Galvanized Square Tube.Kald Int'l Industry Limited is one of the leading China emt conduit standard manufacturers and suppliers,and also a professional company and factory,welcome to buy low price and high-quality emt standard pipe,emt standard conduit,emt standard tube,emt pipe,emt conduit and wholesale our[Hot Item] UL Standard Welded Electrical Gi EMT ConduitEMT Conduit, Carbon Steel Pipe, Electrical Steel Pipes manufacturer / supplier in China, offering UL Standard Welded Electrical Gi EMT Conduit, Malleable Flanged Coupler with Lead Washer & Brass Male Bush, Malleable Iron Steel Expansion Joint Pipe Flanged Coupling and so on.
application of lonrace steel pipes and steel materials
application of pu pre-insulated spiral pipe,emt conduit,imc conduit,flexible conduit,steel nail,galvanized coil,ERW pipe,galvanized steel wireastm a252 spiral steel pipes,astm a252 spiral steel pipes You can also choose from a53-a369,10#-45#,and q195-q345 astm a252 spiral steel pipes,as well as from api pipe,thick wall pipe,and emt pipe astm a252 spiral steel pipes,and whether astm a252 spiral steel pipes is structure pipe,fluid pipe,or gas pipe.construction steel emt pipe, construction steel emt pipe EMT Pipe Steel PipesOct 07, 2020· Electricity Network Construction Electrical Metallic Tubing EMT electrical tuberia emt 797 EMT PIPE TUBE CONDUIT US $399.00 - $499.00 / Ton
electrical emt ul pipe,electrical emt ul pipe Suppliers
About product and suppliers 310 electrical emt ul pipe products are offered for sale by suppliers on ,of which steel pipes accounts for 57%,pipe fittings accounts for 10%.A wide variety of electrical emt ul pipe options are available to you,such as erw,hot rolled,and cold rolled.emt pipe sizes,emt pipe sizes Suppliers and Manufacturers A wide variety of emt pipe sizes options are available to you,such as erw,hot rolled,and cold rolled.You can also choose from q195,q235,and 10# emt pipe sizes,as well as from emt pipe,api pipe,and thick wall pipe emt pipe sizes,and whether emt pipe sizes is structure pipe,or fluid pipe.emt pipe stainless steel flexible conduitstainless steel emt pipestainless steel conduit fittingsstainless steel rigid electrical conduitstainless steel conduit 3 4stainless electrical conduitaluminum emt conduitemt conduit fittingsstainless steel emt connectorsVideos of emt pipe stainless steel flexible conduit Watch video on Vimeo1:34Bending Stainless Steel Conduit491 viewsDec 29,2016VimeoCalpipe IndustriesSee more videos of emt pipe stainless steel flexible conduitConduit Strut Clamp - EMT,Stainless Steel - Platt Shop for Conduit Strut Clamp - EMT,Stainless Steel from Platt Electric Supply.To Our Valued Customers COVID-19 Update Fittings Support Pipe Conduit Clamps Conduit Strut Clamp Steel,Finish Stainless,For Use With EMT Conduit Show More.Category Conduit Strut Clamp - EMT.Strut - Fittings Support Pipe Conduit Clamps Conduit
galvanized emt conduit pipe, galvanized emt conduit pipe EMT Pipe Steel Pipes
UL standard galvanized EMT Conduit tube 1.high quality, competitive price 2.superior service 3. large ready good in stock G. 2) Use: Used for low pressure liquids conveyance, such as water, gas, and construction 3) Zinc coating: 300-400g/m2 or according to your requirement 48.3mm Galvanized Steel Scaffolding Pipes are designed for pipes&coupler scaffolding.pipe flue, pipe flue Suppliers and Manufacturers at EMT Pipe Steel PipesPipes Pipe Emt 3/4" Ul797 Ansi C80.3 Galvanized Electrical Steel Emt Conduit Pipes Manufacturers. EMT Pipe Steel Pipes Black Carbon Steel chimney flue pipe for fireplace or wood stove. US $10.00-$20.00 / Set. 1 Set (Min. Order) EMT Pipe Steel Pipes OEM ODM customized hollow galvanized iron chimney flue pipe. US $0.10-$8.80 / Piece. 500 Pieces (Min. Order) 4 YRS Jiangyin Yonghao EMT Pipe Steel Pipess275 steel pipes, s275 steel pipes Suppliers and EMT Pipe Steel PipesFactory Price S235 S275 S355 ASTM A53 Emt Galvanized Steel Pipe Commodity galvanized pipe Round galvanised pipe DIA: 21.3-273MM SCAFFOLDING STEEL PIPE 48.3mm*2.5 mm--3.5mm square steel pipe 15*15mm-----600*600mm rectangle steel pipe 10*15mm--600*800mm EMT galvanised pipe 1/2"---4" IMC galvanised pipe 1/2"---4" wall thickness: W. Inspection With hydraulic testing,eddy
steel pipe,ERW pipe,Galvanized steel pipe - Chelin Liu
We are one premium supplier of ERW steel pipe,LSAW pipes,spiral welded pipe,EMT conduits,galvanized pipes.online service DONG PENG BO DA(TIANJIN) INDUSTRIAL CO.,LTD.


New development is the best way to help a city grow and change. But this can be a long and detailed process, but DSW Construction LLC can make it as easy as possible.
Our team performs municipal construction for clients throughout the Natchitoches, LA area. We have the tools and talents needed to take on any size construction assignment.
Rely on professionals with experience for your next public works construction. Contact us today to get started on the planning phase of your next project.
When your city needs public works construction services, count on a company that has taken on major city projects in the past. Our experience includes the construction of:


After the Honeymoon Bridge collapsed in 1938 due to the ice buildup on the Niagara River, a new bridge was needed to connect the cities of Niagara Falls, New York, United States, and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. During their 1939 royal tour of Canada, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth dedicated the site of the Rainbow Bridge. Construction of the single arch bridge started on May 4, 1940. To prevent the new bridge from suffering the same consequences as the Honeymoon Bridge, the bridges abutments are 50 feet (15m) above the water. The official opening of the Rainbow Bridge took place on November 1st 1941. It is named for the fact that you can often see a rainbow over Niagara Falls, which is just upstream from the bridge.One fifth of the land border entries into Canada occur over the Rainbow Bridge. The bridge also boasts special pedestrian lanes for crossing and border entries that are manly used by tourists. Six billion (6,000,000,000) pounds of Niagara River water cross under the Rainbow Bridge in one minute.


Bus rapid transit (BRT), also called a busway or transitway, is a bus-based public transport system designed to improve capacity and reliability relative to a conventional bus system. Typically, a BRT system includes roadways that are dedicated to buses, and gives priority to buses at intersections where buses may interact with other traffic; alongside design features to reduce delays caused.
Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has been demonstrated to provide efficient and effective public transport that can even increase transit ridership and attractiveness within defined urban corridors in both developing and developed countries. The merit of the BRT system lies in its ability to provide a high quality public transit service with limited infrastructure and at a relatively low capital and.
Rapid transit is the name for a type of railway which has trains that run very often and carry many passengers at one time. It is usually in a city or urban area and takes people in and out of it. Trains go between places very quickly because they do not mix with other traffic.Most rapid transit railways do not have level crossings, but the tracks go over and under other roads, or run in.
Conceived as an integrated, well-defined system, Bus Rapid Transit would provide for significantly faster operating speeds, greater service reliability, and increased convenience, matching Bus Rapid Transit 1. the quality of rail transit when implemented in appropriate settings. Improved bus service would give priority treatment to buses on urban roadways and would be expected to include some.
The hypothesis of this study is that the maximum FR for a bus rapid transit system (BRTS) station would be more than 25%. The OC for a corridor of the BRTS in Ahmedabad, India was first estimated and then, to test the hypothesis, the Vissim microsimulation tool was used for evaluating two stages. Based on the simulation results, a maximum FR of 29% for a BRTS station with two loading areas is.
Special emphasis was laid on to mass rapid transit (MRT), both rail and road based, including bus system as these are the only modes that carry high numbers of people using least space. Since its introduction in India, the Rapid Transportation System (RTS) has come up in a big way and is considered imperative for inclusive and environmentally sustainable growth.
Delhi Integrated Multi-Modal Transit System (DIMTS) Ltd. is an equal equity joint venture of Govt. of NCT of Delhi and IDFC Foundation with a focus on urban transportation. We provide Concept - to - Commissioning consultancy, Intelligent Transport System solutions and Urban Transport asset management services.DIMTS was incorporated in April 2006 and became operational in June, 2006.
Most elevated or underground heavy rapid transit systems minimize the number of stations to increase speeds and keep the costs down, but this frequently limits accessibility to the system. It is fairly typical for modern HRT systems to have stations 1 kilometer apart, whereas it is generally recommended (see Chapter 6: Service Planning) that high-capacity public transport stations be placed.
This paper reviews the planning, implementation, and initial operation of bus rapid transit systems (BRTSs) in India. The initial four cities that received funds under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM) are reviewed: Ahmedabad, Indore, Jaipur, and Pune. JnNURM is a Government of India (GOI) program to support state and.
Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS) The Context. National capital region (NCR) is a multi-state region with the National Capital as its centre. This region, spread over an area of about 35,000 km2, comprises the entire National Capital territory of Delhi and some parts of the neighboring states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Grab an exclusive PDF Brochure of this report. Bus Rapid Transit Systems (BRT) Market: Competitive Analysis. The bus rapid transport systems (BRT) market is fragmented in nature with presence of various players in the landscape. The key players present in the market are undertaking both organic and inorganic growth strategies to mark their presence in the global market. Some of the organic.
Abstract: The bus systems in India are not as efficient as the railways. In order to bring out the same efficiency in bus systems, the BRTS (Bus Rapid Transit System) is designed. The BRTS involves use of two technologies, the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). The whereabouts of each bus passing through a particular bus station is given to all the.
Bus rapid transit system in Ahmedabad. Upload media Wikipedia: Instance of: bus rapid transit: Location: Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India: Owned by: Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation; Headquarters location: Ahmedabad; Inception: 14 October 2009; Date of official opening: 14 October 2009; official website: Authority control Q16380. Reasonator; Scholia; Statistics; Files related to Ahmedabad BRTS. Media.
Bus rapid transit system (BRT, BRTS) is a bus-based mass transit system. The system generally has specialized design, services and infrastructure to improve system quality and mitigate typical causes of bus delay. Sometimes described as a surface subway, BRT aims to combine the capacity and speed of a light rail or metro system with the flexibility, cost and simplicity of a bus system.
The data presented contemplate BRT systems (Bus Rapid Transit - median-aligned and segregated bus lanes, pre-board fare collection, and platform-level boarding) and bus priority systems: cities with dedicated bus lanes, but without some of the elements of a BRT. The website allows the user to know the systems and corridors of each city, compare indicators and generate graphs.
Bus fare and journey time elasticities and diversion factors for all modes A rapid evidence assessment Fay Dunkerley, Mark Wardman, Charlene Rohr, Nils Fearnley RAND Europe and SYSTRA. RR-2367-DfT February, 2018 Prepared for UK Department of Transport. This document has been formally reviewed, edited, or cleared for public release. It may not be cited, quoted, reproduced or transmitted.
Rapid transit is an important form of mass transit system such as subways and surface light rail systems, designed for commuting inter-city or intra-city. Mass transit may be based on fixed route system such as subway trains, metros or non-fixed route system such as buses. It is potentially more economical, eco-friendly and less time consuming. In addition, it is the most competent way of.
A type of transit that some Puget Sound-region commuters know well is heading east. The first bus rapid transit system in Washington east of the Cascades moved further down the line this week, as.
Essentially, any form of transit that uses buses and offers a faster service is a form of Bus Rapid Transit. As such, it is convenient to differentiate at this stage between some of the most frequently used systems options available to cities in India. The scarcest resource in any city for public transport is road space. Thus the most important.


Our holistic approach to creating sustainable buildings and interiors includes every step from concept to completion. Each design starts with a blank sheet that we fill in with your lifestyle, function and design ideas. Our team then applies the creativity and sound building practices to customize each project for an end result that will be unique to you. Due to our intensive space planning experience we have the ability to analyze a home from the functional interior aspect first making it an integral feature of the architectural response needed.
We use the latest technology to bring your ideas to life – 3D renderization, modeling and detailed visual aids. All designs are in compliance with International Building Code and Costa Rica Construction Regulations.


One of the challenges that households need to overcome is to how reduce traffic noise in your house to be also to sleep soundly. Living in urban cities has its share benefits but modern traffic problem has become a nuisance. Even if local governments and state regulatory agencies are trying their best to curb noise pollution, the decibel levels are still unacceptable.
Traffic noise reduction from M40 is currently underway to reduce the discomfort of residents across Buckinghamshire. Residents will soon experience the effects when the construction of noise-reducing barriers is completed at 8 locations. Work on 11.5 miles of motorway is expected to be completed by spring including the repair of electronic cables and the replacement of signage which are all taking place at the same time.
Noise pollution is generated by heavy traffic which causes stress to homeowners living near the motorways. The noise-reducing barriers or acoustic fences will act as a barrier for the noise generated. Construction of the noise barriers is part of a £3.5 million investment by Highways England. A total of £61.4 million will be spent on the improvement and maintenance of major roads on the eastern part of the country.
David Owen, project manager of Highways England says that they are happy to be able to deliver the new barriers that will reduce traffic noise for the people living in the 8 locations. With the resurfacing work that is already completed, real improvements will be enjoyed by communities along M 40. After vegetation has been cleared out Owen expects the barriers to start going up. A site compound will also be established at Stokenchurch.how to reduce traffic noise in your house
The project is being developed by Highways England in partnership with M40 Chiltern Environmental Group, Wycombe District Council and South Oxfordshire District Council. People however should expect hard shoulder closures and some land closures while work is being done.
There are many innovations to soundproofing to solve the challenges on how to reduce traffic noise in your house and allow you some peace and quiet. Windows can be soundproofed against traffic noise or thermawood can be used to retrofit a double glazing system for best results.


In the News...
Expect Construction Detours All Summer
Allow extra time to get to classrooms, offices and parking lots; offices and classrooms open during construction.
Library Quad & Adjacent Areas
July 02, 2012 - September 17, 2012
Expect construction detours throughout the campus from July 2 through mid-September
. Allow extra time to get to classrooms, offices and parking lots. Foothill College offices and classrooms are open during construction.
Crews will be installing and reconstructing access ramps, curbs, gutters and sidewalks; and conducting pavement and landscaping removal and replacement in the Library Quad and adjacent areas. Among other features, the project will add or upgrade existing access to provide better accessibility for students, faculty, staff and community members with disabilities.
For access to the Library (Building 3500), park in Lots 2 or 3. Temporary pathways will be installed and pedestrians are to follow designated paths. The location of these paths will vary, so watch for posted placards. Do not enter any area that is fenced off.
We’re excited about moving forward with this work, which has been made possible by the passage of Measure C, a bond initiative approved by voters in 2006. Funding for Measure C projects is generated from general obligation bonds. These funds are not subject to state budget cuts and can only be used for facilities projects.
Please heed all warning signs and do not enter construction areas. Construction areas are considered the property of the contractors. Construction start and completion dates are subject to change.Phone us at: (650) 949-7033 eMail us at: firstname.lastname@example.orgClick here for more information.
Special Notice: Heed all warning signs and do not enter construction areas.


Contact us to Book a meeting and discuss your ideas
Looking for a quality and affordable builder for your next project?
+44 7943519598 / +44 7867475673
We are happy to meet you during our working hours. Please make an appointment.
Wide experience of work allows us to take projects of any complexity.
Driveway Paving involves covering the ground leading into a home with a hard surface. This job is performed to make transit smoother for a vehicle and also to make the front of home look more finished.
Decking the material of a timber platform or terrace attached to a house or other building.
A tile is a thin object usually square or rectangular in shape. Tile is manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, baked clay or even glass. Generally used for covering floors, walls or other objects.
Plasterboard is a material typically used for constructing walls and ceilings, as an alternative to plaster.
Process whereby an external wall covering, applied by hand and tools, is applied by a plasterer to protect the bricks or blocks from which the building is constructed.
House Painting External / Internal
Quick and economical way to give your old looking home fresh and new look.
Structure that encloses an area, typically outdoors, and is usually constructed from posts that are connected by boards, wire, rails or netting. A fence differs from a wall in not having a solid foundation along its whole length.


As a proud member of the U.S. Green Building Council, Liberty Contracting Corp. is dedicated to being a
construction industry leader when it comes to Green Building initiatives such as LEED. We work hand-in-hand with our customers to ensure that their
Green goals are not only achieved, but exceeded.
What is LEED?
LEED stands for Leader in Energy and Environmental Design and was begun by the U.S. Green Building Council in 1998. In turn, the Green Building
Rating System was established by LEED to provide a set of standards for environmentally sustainable construction. LEED was created to define
"green building" by establishing a common standard of measurement, promote integrated, whole-building design practices, recognize environmental
leadership in the building industry, stimulate green competition, raise consumer awareness of green practices, and transform the building market.
Their rating system addresses 6 major areas: sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, materials and resources, indoor
environmental quality, and innovation and design process. Ratings range from Certified to Silver to Gold, and include the highest level,


In March, the city's Design Review Committee forwarded a recommendation to the Planning Commission for the denial of modifications to the building previously occupied by Goodwill Industries at 3351 Telegraph Road across from the Pacific View Mall.
It was anticipated that the Planning Commission would review the proposed modifications. However, the applicant, American Tire Center, withdrew their application. The proposal, which included facade improvements, was found by the DRC to be incompatible with the neighborhood and faced opposition from nearby residents due to traffic and noise concerns.
For now the building remains vacant and the future of the site is unclear.


The Architects Guide to Sustainable Building Practices
Our planet faces an unprecedented challenge – climate change and environmental degradation threaten the very foundation of our being. In this critical juncture, sustainable building practices have emerged as a hope, offering a path towards a more resilient and harmonious future. Buildings account for 40% of global energy consumption and contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions.
Sustainable architecture aims to reduce a building’s environmental impact while enhancing occupant health and well-being. By incorporating energy efficiency, water conservation, and responsible material selection, spaces can be created that harmonize with nature and promote long-term sustainability. Mada Gypsum, a leader in the building materials industry, offers innovative solutions that enable architects to realize their sustainable visions.
Key Sustainable Building Practices
• Design for Efficiency:
Embracing sustainable design principles from the beginning is crucial for creating energy-efficient buildings. Passive design strategies, such as maximizing natural light and ventilation, can significantly reduce the reliance on artificial lighting and mechanical heating and cooling systems. Additionally, optimizing the building envelope through careful material selection, air sealing, and minimizing thermal bridging can enhance insulation and reduce energy loss. Mada Gypsum’s plasterboards, ProGuard and other products are designed to contribute to energy efficiency. Their high-performance insulation solutions, coupled with airtight construction techniques, help architects create buildings that maintain comfortable indoor temperatures while minimizing energy consumption.
The construction industry has a profound impact on the environment, and responsible material sourcing is essential for mitigating this impact. Architects should prioritize the use of recycled content, low-carbon materials, and locally sourced products to reduce the carbon footprint and support sustainable practices. Furthermore, choosing non-toxic and low-VOC (volatile organic compound) materials ensures a healthy indoor environment for occupants. Mada Gypsum is committed to sustainable materials and has implemented a comprehensive recycling program. The plasterboard manufacturing process allows the use of recycled material, including waste generated from production lines, operations, and construction sites. Additionally, they recycle plastic, metal, and paper waste through approved third-party recyclers, ensuring a circular economy approach.
Water scarcity is a pressing global issue, and architects play an essential role in promoting water conservation in buildings. Specifying water-efficient fixtures and appliances can significantly reduce water consumption while implementing rainwater harvesting and greywater reuse systems, which can further minimize the demand for potable water. The company not only offers products that promote water conservation but also leads by example. It has implemented a Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant that allows for the recovery and reuse of irrigation water as process water for plasterboard production. This initiative has resulted in a substantial reduction in potable water usage, conserving valuable natural resources.
Integrating renewable energy sources, such as solar panels and wind turbines, into building designs is an effective way to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, implementing building automation and smart technologies can optimize energy use by monitoring and adjusting systems based on occupancy patterns and external conditions. The company’s products are compatible with renewable energy systems and smart technologies, enabling architects to seamlessly incorporate these sustainable solutions into their designs. Its commitment to innovation ensures that its products evolve alongside the latest advancements in sustainable building practices.
Choose Sustainable Architecture
Sustainable architecture is a necessity for creating a habitable and resilient future. By embracing energy efficiency, water conservation, and responsible material selection, architects can design buildings that contribute to environmental preservation and occupant well-being.
Mada Gypsum, Saudi Arabia, stands as a trusted partner for architects seeking sustainable solutions. With our commitment to innovation, resource conservation, and a circular economy approach, we offer a comprehensive range of plasterboards and products that align with sustainable building practices.
We encourage architects to explore our sustainable offerings and collaborate to bring their sustainable visions to life.
Contact us at +966 14 325 3253 or write us at email@example.com to create a built environment that harmonizes with nature and sets a new standard for environmental stewardship in the construction industry.


OECD Studies on Water
Water is essential for economic growth, human health, and the environment. Yet governments around the world face significant challenges in managing their water resources effectively. The problems are multiple and complex: billions of people are still without access to safe water and adequate sanitation; competition for water is increasing among the different uses and users; and major investment is required to maintain and improve water infrastructure in OECD and non-OECD countries. This OECD series on water provides policy analysis and guidance on the economic, financial and governance aspects of water resources management. These aspects generally lie at the heart of the water problem and hold the key to unlocking the policy puzzle.
Water and Cities
Ensuring Sustainable Futures
- 13 Apr 2015
- 9789264230149 (PDF) ;9789264230101(print)
This report focuses on the urban water management challenges facing cities across OECD countries, and explores both national and local policy responses with respect to water-risk exposure, the state of urban infrastructures and dynamics, and institutional and governance architectures. The analyses focus on four mutually dependent dimensions – finance, innovation, urban-rural co-operation and governance – and proposes a solutions-oriented typology based on urban characteristics. The report underlines that sustainable urban water management will depend on collaboration across different tiers of government working together with local initiatives and stakeholders.


CET 1450 — Concrete Technology I 4 Credit hours 5 Contact hours
Provides an introductory understanding of base materials such as stone, gravel, sand, water, types of cement, and ASTM type additives A through F. In addition, air entrainment agents as well as Pozzlanic type additives such as nylon, polypropylene, and still will also be covered. Construction quality of building: (a) foundations, (b) walls, (c) frames, and (d) floors will be covered. In addition, construction of bridge foundations, sub-and superstructures, and architecturally designed concrete slabs and concrete pavements will be addressed. Joint construction, vibration considerations of concrete, texture and smoothness, placement of reinforcements, drainage considerations (edge drains), and segregation of the mix will also be covered. Balancing material production with trucking and placement will be taught. Types of equipment plant to finished work will be included as well as the effects of climatic conditions on construction.
Prerequisites: CET 1220.


TRA 2024 focuses on advancing sustainable and inclusive mobility under the theme “Transport Transitions: Advancing Sustainable and Inclusive Mobility”.
The 2024 Transport Research Arena (TRA) will be held in Dublin, Ireland from April 15 to 18.
TRA is a key European transport conference for presenting the latest research and innovation in the transport sector, covering all modes of transport: road, rail, water, aviation as well as cross-modality and passenger/freight transport in urban and inter-urban settings.
TRA provides an excellent platform for researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders to collaborate on reshaping the transport and mobility system.
NEMO will be displayed in the event, as a project memeber of EARPA – European Automotive Research Partners Association.
Find out more about the event at this link.
Photo by Yoshihiro via Unsplash


Termite Treatment Dubai
Termites are amongst the most damaging structural pests in UAE. Commonly known as white ants, they devour large amounts of wood and all other materials that contain cellulose. Although some structures are more prone to termite attacks. Termite Treatment Dubai. Every house is susceptible to a potential termite infestation. While many house owners worry about fire or flooding, Termite damage is a much more common problem here in UAE.
Termite Treatment are either prevention method (Pre-Construction Termite Treatment) or extermination method (Post Construction Anti-Termite Treatment). Prevention method (Pre-Construction Termite Treatment) is recommended over extermination method (Post Construction Anti-Termite Treatment) because they are easier, cheaper and less stressful ways to prevent infestations than to exterminate the same.
If you planned to build new villa and/or high rise multi-stories building, Pre-Construction Termite Treatment is the first strategy you should think of. Golden Leaf Pest Control use highly professional and advanced techniques for treating the termite infestation. Direct application of pesticide (Termiticide) to the outside, inside and also in the foundation to prevent the termite attack. Direct injection of liquid pesticide (Termiticide) in areas like the foundation, within the foundation walls and also areas under the concrete slabs is part of our specialized termite treatment plan.
Recently Dubai authorities made it obligatory that Pre-Construction Termite Treatment is required for every new building or villa, with certification of Termite Treatment Dubai backed by 10 years services guarantee.
Even if your home is already built, there is risk of termite attacks on structural support and other building elements that are constructed of wood or other cellulose containing materials. So anti termite treatment is very essential as Post Construction Termite Treatment.
For anti-termite treatment drilling and injection method is used, holes of 18 mm diameter 1-1.5 meter apart will to be drilled along the floor at depth of 450 mm to 650 mm on the entire ground floor. Termiticide solution to be injected under pressure into these holes to create pesticide barrier against the termites. Post Construction Anti-Termite Treatment is backed by 5 years services guarantee.
Termites are very secretive insects. Hence, it comes as no surprise that termite activities are usually recognized very late, when a lot of damage has already been done. Termite damage weakens wooden structures, and repairs can be a costly affair.
We are certified anti termite treatment company in Dubai. For termite treatment Dubai, please call +971 50 2936738.
Also check out our blog on Termite treatment Dubai http://goldenleafdxb.blogspot.ae/2014/09/pest-control-cleaning-home-care-services.html


A total of 6,761 water schemes providing potable water to Nigerians have been developed by the Muhammadu Buhari administration since it came to power, the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports.
Announcing this on Sunday while featuring as a guest on NAN forum in Abuja, Suleiman Adamu, Minister of Water Resources, said the schemes were developed across urban, small town and rural areas.
Mr Adamu asserted that the government has made considerable progress in providing access to potable water in Nigeria.
The minister said the water schemes have been producing a total of 794,334,000 litres daily and serving 32,008,600 Nigerians.
Mr Adamu also spoke on efforts made by the Federal Government to boost agriculture and food security of the nation.
Towards this end, the minister disclosed that 10 irrigation schemes were completed in the country, increasing the actual irrigated area from 70,000 hectares in 2015 to 138,000 hectares presently.
“To support the country’s energy sufficiency, 12 dams were completed with a combined water impoundment capacity of 795.1 MCM and hydropower generation of 110 MW.
“Efforts have also been put in place to utilize hydropower potential of 3,466 MW under PPP arrangement,” he said.
While speaking about achievements in the sanitation sector, Mr Adamu announced that 3,402 facilities were constructed in institutions and public places.
ALSO READ: Nigeria to enforce water test policy for boreholes – Minister
He listed the locations of these facilities to include markets, schools, motor parks, and camps for internally displaced persons.
“Also, a national survey conducted under the 2021 WASHNORM III reported a national access to basic drinking water supply services at 67 per cent and access to basic sanitation services stood at 46 per cent,” Mr Adamu added.
He said the programmes and projects developed underwater resources sector were in line with the nine priority areas of the Muhammadu Buhari administration.


Building the future.
On solid ground.
We are continually soliciting bids from qualified Subcontractors and approved DBE Subcontractors for various Municipal and MDOT projects.
Current Soliciting Bids
US-31 HOLLAND; OTTAWA CO.
MDOT Letting: December 15, 2021
Item # 602
2.80 mi of hot mix asphalt and concrete pavement reconstruction, precast concrete box culverts, drainage, guardrail, signals and pavement markings and bridge rehabilitation includes deep overlay, full depth concrete deck patching, expansion joint replacement, concrete surface coating and approach work on US-31 from I-196 to Central Avenue in the city of Holland, Ottawa County. This
project contains a 2 year warranty on concrete surface coating. This project is an Alternative Pavement Bid project. Alternative 1 (Section 2) is an HMA alternative and included a 5 year materials and workmanship pavement warranty. Alternative 2 (Section 3) is a Concrete Alternative and includes a 5 year materials and workmanship pavement warranty.
Required DBE Participation: 7.0%
MDOT JANUARY LETTING
MDOT Letting: January 7, 2022
Item # TBD
Required DBE Participation: TBD
• HMA Paving
• Concrete Paving
• Barrier Wall
• Cold Milling
• Concrete Curb & Flatwork
• Permanent Signs
• Traffic Control
• Landscape & Seeding
• Video Taping & Culvert Cleaning
*(including aggregates, pipe, culverts, drainage structures)


About the ECOSLIGHT Project
The construction sector faces new challenges in order to provide smart, energy efficient and sustainable lighting environments for infrastructure, cities, buildings and the industry, in order to follow the 2050 low-carbon economy roadmap of the European Commission. Thanks to the growing demand for energy-efficient lighting systems, building on smart technologies, as well as the striving efforts to reduce the ecological footprint and at the same time promote healthy and safe living, the Smart Lightning Market is expected to grow at a 20%.
1st International Conference
on Lighting, Interactivity, Heritage, Health, Technology and Sustainability (LIGHTS)
10 OCTOBER 2020
One word that characterizes the situation in the lighting industry during the recent years is “transition”. This transition to a new era is caused by changes in the symbiotic relationship between technological development, lighting design and, of course, sustainability principles.


© 2011 Kobetsky Properties. All rights reserved.
Schoen Associates designed a multi-family housing complex in a vacant and neglected 80,000 square foot warehouse building in the heart of Grand Forks. The former Kedney Warehouse is a massive five story concrete and brick building still structrally sound since its construction in 1922. In keeping with the "warehouse" theme, the renovation used materials to capture the personality of the building by lining the hallways with corrugated metal and using bolted metal plates for apartment numbers. The existing freight elevator was recreated with glass and steel cab installed to expose the passing levels and existing construction. The original concrete columns run down the center of the main hallway and are exposed in the spacious unique apartments where ever possible. The distinctive appeal of the apartments is enhanced by the high ceilings, minimal interior partion walls and rich dark hardwood kitchen cabinets and floors. Large windows infuse the spaces with natural light and offer extensive views of the city of Grand Forks. The character of the original building was preserved with extensive sand blasting, stripping and cleaning of all the concrete and common brick masonry walls. The basement was cleared to accommadate underground parking for tenants, as well as building storage and mechaniicl and electrical rooms. The Warehouse Apartments site was shaped and landscaped and gives off its beauty to the tenants and surronding community.
901 University Avenue | Grand Forks, North Dakota | call: (218) 779-1011
Check out our other properties!


Thames Conservancy drawing showing methods of river bank protection.
Drawing showing sections of the river Thames from Tadpole Bridge, upstream to St John's Lock at Lechlade.
Drawing by the Thames Conservancy, of a temporary bridge at Burford Bridge in Abingdon, whilst the main bridge is being repaired. Dated 1926.
Cross sections of the river Thames and adjacent land around Cookham Lock and weir.
Thames Conservancy drawing entitled "Section through the river Thames and Metropolitan Water Board's filters and reservoirs, showing the puddle bankd, the London clay, the levels of water in the river and in the adjacent gravel beds". Dated 1910.
A Thames Conservancy drawing entitled "Water gradient diagrams".
Drawing resulting from a survey of the Thames towing path from Bow Bridge Cholsey, downstream to Benson Lock.


Rehabilitation and Adaptive Use
When initially assessing the exterior integrity of a mid-century modern building, one needs to carefully determine possible additions. If possible, determine when these changes occurred and if they were part of the original design. This may be difficult if permits and original plans are unavailable. However, if the permits and plans are available and the remodel follows those plans, then the assessment should explain this. If not, then note that too. Other cosmetic changes to the exterior may be difficult to detect unless collective memory and old photographs can verify the original exterior and subsequent changes.
Delayed maintenance for any building creates long-term problems regardless of the building’s age. Delays in exterior maintenance become critical with mid-century modern buildings because of the lifespan of some of the construction materials. Many times buildings constructed after WWII featured experimental components. As technology improved, new construction materials evolved. However, these materials did not necessarily stay in favor or prove to be viable for an extended period of time.
Thus, if the original construction materials are no longer available, there must be an evaluation of substitutions for consistency with the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties
. The evaluation of the property must assess whether changes are reversible if they were not part of the original design. Evaluation of replacement materials should also consider whether the original is still available when commenting on changes, and whether the substitute closely replicates the original.
Modern structures, no matter the size, are appropriate for new uses. Many buildings still serve their original purpose very well, but it is acceptable under the right zoning conditions to consider additional options. Modern design was planned to be versatile, enabling a building to serve a different purpose with a minimum of alteration. With adaptive use, the exterior remains largely the same, while minor or extensive work on the interior will make the building usable for a new purpose.
Many mid-century modern structures have a small footprint. This certainly goes with one of the era’s mantras of “less is more.” Unfortunately, small size today often presents issues for continued use. There is economy in scale, so unless the new owner is imaginative and hires an architect and/or contractor that share a similar imaginative spirit, the consensus may be to demolish the building. It may also be seen as a better investment.
Next, learn about Financial Resources.


Flood Risk Notices Sent to Thousands of Californians
This past week, 275,000 California property owners have received notices from water officials warning them they may be at risk of flooding and should prepare. The Department of Water Resources sent these notices specifically to residential, commercial, and other property owners in 17 counties, who live near or in the levees of California’s Central Valley.
A levee is an embankment that is an elongated natural or artificial ridge fill or wall, which regulates water levels. It is usually earthen and often parallel to the course of a river in its floodplain or along low-lying coastlines.
The Central Valley levees are important to California overall because they protect our agricultural economy, farmlands, homes, and our state’s fresh water supply. Over 100 years of time, these levees have become fragile and if an earthquake were to hit, these levees would release the water. As a result of a major flood, homes and farmlands would be completely destroyed, and the saltwater from San Francisco Bay will pollute our fresh water supply.
California passed a bond last November to repair the levees, yet these efforts do not prepare for another major earthquake. California has been seeing many earthquakes recently, so the levees could be damaged and broken prior than expected.
The notices that were received suggest property owners should have an emergency action plan and consider flood insurance. The levees can also overflow in the case of a large storm caused by climate change and a rise in sea level.
Until the levees are repaired, it’s best to be prepared. Californians everywhere, not just the Central Valley, should be ready for the next disaster. If there’s an earthquake, flood, fire, or the depletion of our fresh water supply because of broken levees, we should be prepared.
An emergency action plan needs to be in place for you and your family, as well as have the proper coverage. Some homes and families do not have coverage for flood, fire, or earthquake damage to their properties. If you need coverage, or need to add coverage to your existing policy, Alandale Insurance Agency can help! Call us at (888) 854-4501.