Board order r720011 was adopted on june 20, 20 and is the phase i ms4 permit for the whitewater river watershed. Under phase i, which started in 1990, the regional water quality control boards have adopted national pollutant discharge elimination system npdes storm water permits for medium serving between 100,000 and 250,000 people and large serving 250,000 or more people municipalities. Ms4 brochure other permitting requests requests for amendments, notice of transfer, withdrawal, application supplement, measurable goal guidance, colorado phase ii stormwater municipal resources, nonstandard fact sheet, guidance for assuming permitting responsibilities, qualifying local programs guidance and application. Our easytouse permit management software helps organize permit documents for easy access. A ms4 is a conveyance or system of conveyances including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, manmade channels, or storm drains. The following provides a fact sheet for the azpdes small ms4 general permit for discharges in arizona except for indian country. Data are routinely used by the state water resources control board and the nine regional water quality control boards to inform assessment reports, to make enforcement decisions, to develop permits and programs, and to make clean water act 303dlisting and 305b reporting decisions. The states previous ms4 permit was issued in 2003 and amended in 2004. Ms4front is a webbased and mobile software system designed to streamline record keeping and significantly reduce effort to demonstrate ms4 permit compliance. Entities regulated by the ms4 general permit must develop a stormwater pollution prevention program and adopt best practices. Stormwater management arroyo grande, ca official website. Ms4 permit manager is designed to serve as a comprehensive swmp database specifically to assist phase i and ii ms4 s in meeting centralized records and annual reporting requirements. General permit for the discharge of stormwater from small.
Data is stored for each of the program bmps from the swmp development tool and provides bmp to annual report level reporting capabilities. The city of oceanside clean water program cwp utilizes management. A permit issued to more than one permittee for ms4 discharges may contain separate storm water management programs for particular. The countys current ms4 permit was issued on february 16, 2010 and expired on february 15, 2015. Phase i ms4 permits require the discharger to develop and implement a storm water management planprogram with the goal of reducing the discharge of. The following are hyperlinks to the regional water board phase i ms4 permit r720011 and related documents and additional web sites to assist with compliance with this permit. Initiative website swrcb construction storm water program. The permit may also cover ms4s located outside of the urbanized area if they are deemed to be contributing storm water to an ms4 within. Comments on this tentative determination to modify prince georges ms4 permit will be accepted by raymond bahr, maryland department of the environment, water and science administration, 1800 washington boulevard, baltimore, maryland, 21230, or raymond. Helps a permitted municipality prepare for a state or federal audit andor inspection, while providing cost effective program management recommendations.
Get automated notifications when you need to reapply for a. You can also manage all of your inspections while being able to produce reports and forms throughout the permit year. Because san francisco was categorized as a traditional ms4 in the. Municipal stormwater ms4 minnesota pollution control. Separate storm sewer system permit improvement guide. Use ms4front to record and report all activities associated with the ms4 permit including public outreach, outfall inspections, construction and postconstruction storm water permits. At adept technologies our mission is to provide the best permit software that governments and businesses need to reach their full potential. General stormwater permit for municipal separate storm. The unit also provides important assistance in dispersing state grant funds to worthy projects that support activities for the reduction and prevention of storm water pollution. Npdes training institute top environmental consulting.
On february 5, 20, the proposed final draft of the phase ii. Municipal permits storm water runoff wisconsin dnr. The first fiveyear permit expired at the end of november 2008, the second ms4 permit and was replaced by the watershed based ms4 permit in december 2014. The focus of the swmp is to describe how the ms4 will reduce the discharge of pollutants from its sewer system and addresses these program areas. Click here for a link to the rwqcb webpage with 20 ms4 permit information. Storm water program ms4 municipal permits central valley. Ms4front is a comprehensive, ms4 permit software solution designed with ms4 permittees in mind. A municipal separate storm sewer system is a conveyance or system of conveyances roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, manmade channels, storm drains, etc.
Centralize and track your permit data and dates store and track all your important data and dates related to permits in one centralized location accessible to employees across your organization. Both the industrial and construction storm water program have statewide permits and the unit implements them through a combination of inspections, enforcement, and outreach. The primary purpose of this guidance document is to assist permit writers at. Hereinafter, the terms permit or small ms4 general permit will be used. What our clients are saying basicsafes permit management tool is a favorite of customers because of its flexibility and the many options it offers for storing and building permits. The current spdes permit gp02 requires an ms4 to solicit comments through a website posting or a public meeting. Once the comment period has expired, the annual report should be finalized and submitted to dec by the june 1 deadline. Storm water san diego regional water quality control board.
Use the links below to find out who is affected, how municipalities comply with permit requirements, and. And your annual report production is just a few clicks away. Fact sheet for the issuance of the azpdes small ms4. R189a905, this permit authorizes the discharge of stormwater from the municipal separate storm sewer. Comments on this tentative determination to modify charles countys ms4 permit will be accepted by raymond bahr, maryland department of the environment, water and science administration, 1800 washington boulevard, baltimore, maryland, 21230, or raymond. City of antioch, city of brentwood, city of oakley, contra costa county, and contra costa county flood control and water conservation district storm water discharges from municipal separate storm sewer system order no. Wvnpdes general permit number wv0116025 february 2018 ms4 annual reporting form july 2014 ms4 general permit july 2014 ms4 general permit revised fact sheet april 2014 ms4 draft permit wv0116025 april 2014 ms4 general permit fact sheet july 20 ms4 annual reporting form fillable pdf form july 20 ms4 annual reporting. R520160040, national pollutant discharge elimination system permit and waste discharge requirements general permit for discharges from municipal separate storm sewer systems. Ms4front a comprehensive ms4 permit software solution. This requires ms4s to develop a stormwater management program that will reduce the amount of pollutants carried. The objective of the guide is to facilitate the creation of ms4 permits. Under the new permit there are fourteen 14 copermitees. Spdes general permit for stormwater discharge from ms4s, gp. Permitrack ms4 simplifies storage and sharing of permit activity information.
The adept building permits module is a powerful, software system for building permit, inspections and fee processing that is easy to use and customized to fit your departments unique permit process. Jan 15, 2020 the unit also regulates storm water runoff from caltrans and small ms4 systems phase ii through statewide permits issued by state water board. Owned or operated by a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association, or other public body created to or pursuant to state law including special districts under state law such as a sewer. Ms4 permit standard reduce pollutants to the maximum extent practicable, protect water quality and satisfy the appropriate water quality requirements of the clean water act, and the administrative record would include an explanation of the rationale for its determination. Phase ii small municipal separate storm sewer system ms4. The provisions contained in this order were derived from two main u. The san francisco rwqcb region 2 monitors waters discharging to san. Most of these permits are issued to a group of copermittees encompassing an entire metropolitan area. Ms4 permits department of environmental protection. Agendas, memos, minutes, photos, graphics, cad maps and data are all easily accessible and viewed on your computer or mobile device. Records are updated electronically while the inspection is taking place using a tablet, smart phone, or computer. We have provided detailed comments on the specific provisions of the permit in the table below.
The city and its copermitees received their first permit in 2003. Municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 discharges. If you operate an ms4 which serves or is located in an incorporated place or county with a population of 100,000 or greater based on the 1990 u. City of phoenix ms4 stormwater permit azpdes permit no. Stormwater discharges from municipal sources national. San francisco draft phase ii small ms4 general permit. Wq municipal ms4 permits department of public health and. More than two hundred municipalities in wisconsin that include cities, villages, towns and counties within urbanized areas are required to have municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 permits under nr 216, wis. The stormwater requirements of the federal clean water act are administered under the pennsylvania department of environmental protections municipal separate storm sewer ms4 program. As part of the program, compile a report on program progress that includes things like the status of compliance with permit. The unit also regulates storm water runoff from caltrans and small ms4 systems phase ii through statewide permits issued by state water board. With intelexs permits management software application your organization will be able to.
Stormwater permitting requirements for medium and large. Client testimonials npdespro is ms4 management software for efficient and effective compliance. Ms4 permit manager is designed to serve as a comprehensive swmp database specifically to assist phase i and ii ms4s in meeting centralized records and annual reporting requirements. The primary purpose of the ms4 permit improvement guide guide is to assist national pollutant discharge elimination system npdes permit writers in strengthening municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 stormwater permits. Mar 03, 2017 an introductory audit of the municipalitys swmp to determine the progress toward meeting regulatory responsibilities outlined in the ms4 permit as well as the programs measurable goals. The ms4 permit is a federally required clean water act permit that the state of vermont has been authorized to administer. Learn more on the complying with the ms4 general permit page. Epa is proposing to modify the 2016 massachusetts small ms4 general permit. Fred civian talks about the ms4 permit and the new changes with the 2014. R82036 ms4 permit to authorize the discharge of urban runoff from ms4 facilities in san bernardino county within the santa ana region ms4 permit area. Municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 permit city. Builtin configuration settings and options let you tailor your ms4front account to meet specific permit requirements and integrate with your organizations existing data infrastructure. Ms4 phase i permit resource manual florida department of.
Assess compliance with receiving water limitations and water qualitybased effluent limitations wqbels established to implement total maximum daily load tmdl wet weather and dry weather waste load allocations wlas. Typically, regulated small ms4s are covered by general permits, although their owners may. Npdespro turnkey solutions for stormwater compliance. Process for issuing small ms4 permits describes the process for developing and administering small ms4 general permits for permit writers using either the comprehensive onestep or twostep approach. These permits are issued under the national pollutant discharge elimination system npdes program. Santa clara countys clean water program the county of santa. Municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 permit city of. The following categories of nonstormwater discharges or flows are authorized under this permit to enter the permittees small ms4 only if the permittee does not identify them as significant contributors of pollutants i. Cherry creek reservoir basin ms4 general permit cor080000. The permit is designed as a 5 year permit, but was administratively continued after expiration in 2009. Use predevelopment hydrology already included in south orange. Current ms4 permit and annual reports mdot sha ms4 permit issued october 9, 2015 pdf, 551 kb 2019 ms4 annual report pdf, 30.
Dec 17, 2014 overview of stormwater, 2014 ms4 draft permit, and the challenges towns will face with implementing the 2014 draft permit. Municipal stormwater program california state water resources. This is a reissuance of the ms4 permit issued to dc on august 19, 2004 and modifications thereto. Npdespro is a cloudbased water quality management system designed to support jurisdictional inspectors and waterquality professionals in their work to continuously improve water quality and work seamlessly with the department of ecology and the epa. The regional ms4 permit covers 39 municipal, county government, and special district entities referred to jointly as copermittees located in san diego county, southern orange county, and southwestern riverside county who own and operate large ms4s which discharge storm water runoff and nonstorm water runoff to surface waters throughout the san diego region. Ms4 permit management tool storm water solutions sws. When a permit is administratively continued, all the terms and conditions of the existing permit remain. Phase ii small municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 program. Hoppin, chair and state water board members co jeanine townsend we recommend that section d. Ms4 regulations were developed and implemented in two phases.
Storm water program colorado river regional water quality. Regional ms4 permit public workshop continued december 12, 2012 christina arias, pe wayne chiu, pe laurie walsh, pe. Use this query page to find municipalities with permit coverage under the municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 general permit number wis050075 or an individual ms4 permit. Regulatory plans, programs and reports city of oceanside. In addition to those comments, we request clarification on the draft permit s current characterization of san francisco as a nontraditional ms4. This ms4 software allows you to track all compliance data and activity. Massachusetts small ms4 general permit npdes permits around. San francisco draft phase ii small ms4 general permit water. Wq municipal ms4 general permits department of public.
The ms4 general permit is designed to reduce the amount of sediment and other pollutants entering state waters from stormwater systems. Stormwater discharges from municipal sources national pollutant. Census, then you operate a regulated phase i ms4 and you must apply for an individual permit. Store and track all your important data and dates related to permits in one centralized location accessible to employees across your organization. Municipal separate storm sewer systems ms4 phase ii permit program. Ownersoperators of regulated municipal separate storm sewer systems ms4s are required to develop, implement, and enforce a stormwater management program swmp.
Npdes training institute top environmental consulting firms. Discharges from municipal separate storm sewer systems are regulated under the virginia stormwater management act, the virginia stormwater management program vsmp permit regulations, and the clean water act as point source discharges. Regional ms4 permit california state water resources. Small municipal stormwater sewer systems ms4s that are located within the boundaries of a census bureau defined urbanized area are regulated under epas phase ii stormwater rule. Customers describe how this flexible, featurerich solution has allowed their municipality to easily manage npdes stormwater compliance program without late nights or stacks of paperwork. In december 2002, dep issued a general permit pag for use by ms4s that fall under the national pollutant discharge elimination system npdes phase ii program, requiring the. Click here to type section title san bernardino county. Phase i ms4 permits require the discharger to develop. Includes flow diagram with key concepts and tips for issuing permits consistent with ms4 remand rule regulations.
Gis mapping is a great way to help you visually manage various aspects of your ms4 program. Municipal stormwater ms4 minnesota pollution control agency. Information on the issuance of the renewal permit updated january 23, 2019. Until a new permit is issued, mde administratively continued the countys 2010 permit. The florida department of environmental protection is the states lead agency for environmental management and stewardship protecting our air, water and land. Phase i ms4 permittees shall enroll under the regionwide permit as their current individual permits expire and phase ii ms4 permittees may choose to enroll. Municipal separate storm sewer system ms4 permit mdot sha. Wvnpdes general permit number wv0116025 february 2018 ms4 annual reporting form july 2014 ms4 general permit july 2014 ms4 general permit revised fact sheet april 2014 ms4 draft permit wv0116025 april 2014 ms4 general permit fact sheet july 20 ms4 annual reporting form fillable pdf form. Search here for ms4s that have obtained municipal storm water permit coverage from the dnr pursuant to subch. On january 29, 2010, the santa ana regional water quality control board rwqcb issued permit order no. Clean water program maintains compliance with national pollutant. The phase ii final rule, published on december 8, 1999 automatically covers all small municipal separate storm sewer systems ms4s located in urbanized areas as delineated by the us census bureau. The federal register notice, the proposed ms4 permit modifications, statements of basis that explain epas rationale for the proposed permit modifications can be found below information on previous permits and draft permits, in addition, those document and instructions on how to formally submit.1271 1253 1430 122 273 620 569 1057 610 1359 85 563 194 883 1207 249 407 444 76 1416 490 1297 848 1303 261 413 1328 1265 601 1290 1208 1199 1345 1444


This pipe rack is specifically intended for safe storage of ten 1/2" and 3/4" pipe clamps when not in use. It is not designed to hold ,quick grip, beam style clamps or any other objects.
Mount clamp rack sufficiently above floor and other objects, allowing stored clamps a minimum 2" clearance. Use 1/4" lag screw fasteners with a minimum engagement of 2" into building structure or use 1/4" bolt fasteners where back side is accessible.
When placing clamp onto rack, ensure the clamp is fully engaged in the chosen slot.
- Extra heavy gauge solid steel rack with zinc plating.
- 23" x 4 " x 4-1/4" deep
- Pre drilled at 16" center
Note: Pipe clamps and pipe not included.


Here’s a short list of quick tips on retrofit measures that will help you achieve a deep energy retrofit for a healthier, happier, and more climate-friendly home.
Building Envelope Tips
A large and cost-effective opportunity – a blower door test will find the leaks.
Adding insulation to the attic
Attic should be topped up to at least R50.
Adding insulation to the basement.
Finishing and insulating the basement provides comfortable extra space in many houses. Codes call for R22.
Adding insulation to the walls.
Wall insulation gets little attention but is a LARGE opportunity for savings. Building Codes now call for R22 at least.
Upgrading to Energy-efficient windows & doors
Energy Star windows increase comfort, reduce bills and enhance curb appeal.
Mechanicals & Equipment Tips
Upgrading to a heat pump
Replace the old furnace with a heat pump which can also double as an cooling appliance during the hot summer months to replace your air-conditioner. But only after completing the building envelope upgrades so it is not oversized.
Add or upgrade to a smart thermostat
A smart thermostat allows setting back the temperature overnight or when away.
Upgrading to heat pump water heaters
A heat pump hot water heater can help get you house off fossil fuels and reduce water heating costs.
Adding a drain water heat recovery pipe
This clever copper pipe will save energy for the rest of the life of the house.
Lights & ENERGY STAR Appliances
Energy Star appliances & LED lighting make a real difference on the electric bill.
Solar electric panels can sometimes offset all remaining energy use in an efficient house. Their potential contribution is highly site-specific.
Pairing a home battery system with your solar photovoltaic system allows you to store excess solar energy for later use. These batteries can also supply power during electrical outages and charge up during cheap off-peak hours if your local utility uses time-of-use rates.
A solar hot water system can meet up to half your hot water needs.


CONCRETE LOOK TILE
Concrete Look Tile FAQs
Is it cheaper to tile or stain concrete?
Staining a new concrete floor or refinishing an existing one is between $2 and $25 per square foot. Most tile is priced between $1 to $5 per sq ft. so for DIY projects, tile has a significantly lower cost. Professionally installed tile ranges from $5-$14 per sq ft., making tile less expensive when hiring an installer in many, but not all, cases. These costs vary widely as they are dependent on the size of the space and labor costs in your area. Also, labor cost for smaller spaces is typically higher per square foot.
Is concrete cheaper to install than tile?
If you don't have an existing concrete floor, tile is the less costly option. Installation of concrete runs $4-$30 per sq ft. Professional installation is required for concrete. (This is not a DIY project!) That does not include the cost of any special type of refinishing, staining, or sealing.
Professionally installed tile ranges from $5-$14 per sq ft. Professional installation is recommended but not required. For DIY, most tile is $1-$5 per sq ft. RevoTile was designed to lower installation cost. It needs no mortar, so there is no need to wait for it to cure before grouting (no second trip). RevoTile clicks together, eliminating the need for spacers, which cuts professional installation time (and therefore cost) in half. For do-it-yourselfers, the ClicFit technology assures perfect grout lines and no lippage - key hallmarks of professional installation.
Is concrete harder than porcelain tile?
The opposite is true. Porcelain is heated at extremely high temperatures, making it denser and stronger than any other tile material. Concrete tile can easily crack or chip before installation, but less so once it is installed.
Which is easier to maintain, concrete or porcelain?
Porcelain is easier to maintain. While both concrete (after installation) and porcelain are chip, crack, scratch and dent resistant, only porcelain is waterproof and stain resistant. Moisture can penetrate concrete, weakening it and making it susceptible to mold and mildew. Concrete is also easily stained. In order to avoid these problems, concrete should be sealed before use and waxed or resealed every 3 to 9 months. Porcelain does not require sealing or any maintenance regime other than normal cleaning.
Does tile stick to concrete?
Yes, tile will adhere to concrete. It is recommended that concrete floors be prepared for tile installation by proper cleaning and priming prior to installation. Daltile Sales Service Centers offer a wide range of tile setting and installation products perfect for preparing concrete floors for tile installation.
What are the biggest differences between tile and concrete?
Both are on-trend and offer incredible style. And in fact, it can be difficult to distinguish between concrete tile and concrete look tile. Even poured concrete has a doppelganger in porcelain extra-large slabs but with a LOT less effort to install. (No concrete trucks needed, hallelujah!) The main differences between the two materials are 1) strength, 2) porosity, and 3) required maintenance. Both are strong and both are low-maintenance. However, porcelain is denser, harder and more durable. Concrete is vulnerable to moisture (resulting in mold, mildew, and cracks) and stains, whereas porcelain is stain-resistant and waterproof. Last but not least are maintenance requirements. Concrete must be sealed prior to use and resealed every 3 to 9 months. Porcelain does not need sealing at all.


AAAE Applauds Efforts in Congress to Expedite Airport Construction Projects
For Immediate Release
January 15, 2009
ALEXANDRIA, Va. -- AAAE President Chip Barclay today applauded efforts in Congress to expedite the construction of critical airport safety, security, and capacity projects as part of economic stimulus legislation, noting that federal funding and policy changes affecting the tax treatment of airport bonds would greatly improve the nation's air transportation system while creating numerous high-paying construction jobs.
“Airport executives are encouraged that Congress is on track to approve economic stimulus legislation that provides billions of dollars in additional funding to airports for key security, safety, and capacity projects,” Barclay said. “Direct federal funding along with the elimination of the negative tax treatment of airport private activity bonds will ensure that construction begins quickly on hundreds of thoroughly vetted, highly beneficial airport construction projects across the country. The end result will be the creation of tens of thousands of high-paying jobs and an enhanced air transportation system.”
Earlier today, House Democratic leaders unveiled the outlines of economic stimulus legislation that includes $3 billion for airport improvement projects that will improve safety and reduce congestion along with $500 million to install explosive detection systems in airports. Tax-writers also have signaled their intention to include changes to the tax treatment of airport private activity bonds aimed at freeing additional capital at airports for construction.
“Airports across the country are prepared to move forward quickly with billions of dollars in important airport construction projects if Congress and the new administration can adopt proposals to free additional capital to airports through the elimination of the AMT penalty on airport bonds and provide additional federal funding,” Barclay added. “We urge quick action on this important legislation.”
In late December, AAAE in a letter to key lawmakers outlined a series of actions Congress should take as part of economic stimulus legislation to expedite airport construction projects, including changes to the tax treatment of airport bonds and additional federal funding for airport infrastructure.
A copy of the letter can be viewed here: http://www.aaae.org/_pdf/_govpdf/12-18-08%20Stimulus%20II.pdf
# # #
ABOUT AAAE: Founded in 1928, AAAE (www.aaae.org) is the world's largest professional organization representing the men and women who work at public-use commercial and general aviation airports. AAAE's 5,000-plus members represent some 850 airports and hundreds of companies and organizations that support the airport industry. Headquartered in Alexandria, Va., AAAE serves its membership through results-oriented representation in Washington, D.C. and delivers a wide range of cost-effective industry services and professional development opportunities including training, conferences, and a highly respected accreditation program.
American Association of Airport Executives
Office: (703) 824-0500, Ext. 126
Mobile: (571) 283-7715


Design of Storm Drainage System for a new metropolis to be developed is the portion of overall substructure design of the undertaking. The design will include the independent storm drainage system for development country and its integrating with the hereafter storm drainage system. Purpose of survey The aim of the design of storm drainage system is to guarantee that there will be no deluging nearby the undertaking country site and dispatching the run-off off from the proposed site to the nearest interface point or sea in a minimal clip and in safe mode.
Thumping of storm H2O on roads and public countries will be minimized to let the public entree on the roads and public countries during the rain and after. Existing Conditionss There is no conventional storm drainage system dwelling of gimmick basins and pipe web within the undertaking bound. Codes and Standards Following Codes and Standards are used for set uping design standards: American Society of Civil Engineers ( ASCE ) – Manual and Report on Engineering Practice No. 37. Design and Construction of Urban Storm H2O Management Systems. prepared by Water Environment Federation. American Society of Civil Engineers.
( ASCE Manuals and Reports of Engineering Practice No. 77 ) Design Criteria The undermentioned design standards will be used for the design of storm H2O drainage system Design Storm Frequency/Return Period The drainage systems in the metropoliss are designed to manage storms holding return periods runing from about one twelvemonth to five ( or ten ) old ages. depending on the value of the belongingss in the drainage country and the nuisance value of the implosion therapy. Design for 10 old ages is common in most metropoliss of the universe. Close Conduits 1- 50 twelvemonth storm – for design of a storm drain which will be located in a natural H2O class.
2- 25 twelvemonth storm – for design of a storm drain for a sub- division 3- 10 twelvemonth storm – for all other storm drain design Open Channels 100 twelvemonth storm – for design of channels located in a natural H2O class 25 twelvemonth storm – for design of route side channels used for deviating or taking surface H2O from main road right of manner. 10 twelvemonth storm – for all other unfastened channels design with sufficient free board to incorporate a storm of 50 twelvemonth frequence. Methodology for Estimation of Design Discharges The Rational Method The Rational Method is based on the simplification that the strength of rainfall is changeless throughout the continuance of storm.
Rainfall Intensity ( Magnitude ) Rainfall magnitudes matching to different return periods have been estimated Time of Concentration Design of primary systems. the clip of concentration may be calculated by Kirpich Formula Runoff Coefficient The overflow co-efficient “C” is the ratio of the maximal rate of overflow to the mean rate of rainfall in the country during the clip of concentration. Roughness Coefficient of Pipes and Channels Runoff Coefficient ( N ) that could be used in Manning’s Equation. Design of Storm Drains The storm drains will be designed for unvarying flow. The speed will be calculated based on the Manning’s Formula.
Speed of Flow Maximum and minimal speed of the flow needs to be considered Design of Close Conduits Close conduits are usually designed for the conditions of fluxing full. Design Depth of Flow Storm drains will be designed to flux full under extremum flow conditions. Gradient of Storm Drain Minimum gradient for a subdivision of the drain will by and large be taken to be the gradient necessary to fulfill the lower limit speed demands. Sizes of Drains Sizes of gimmick basin lead pipe and Main Drains in the system would be specified Manhole Dimensions Manhole size. form and dimensions need to be specified.
Catch Basins Location of the basins on chief streets would be reviewed so as to avoid implosion therapy and submerging of the roadway during rain storm. Discharge Quality Standards The quality of storm H2O to be disposed of into the canal / sea will run into the demands of Environmental Protection Standards Review of Master Plan Master Plan review gives an thought about storm drainage construct. Same standards will be used with little fluctuations. on the footing of which elaborate design of storm drainage system will be carried out. Proposed Concept Storm H2O drainage system comprises of two parts i. vitamin E.
for unfastened countries and roads. Storm H2O system for unfastened countries consists of sheet flow on land. so intercepted by Gratings. Interceptors. Catch Basins. and Curb Inlets and drained to the selected locations. Strom Drainage System is required to avoid deluging on the roadways. to supply traffic safety and to protect the route installations. Rapid remotion of storm H2O from the traveled manner minimizes the status which consequences in the phenomenon of aquaplaning. Catchments Areas The country lending to any point under consideration in a storm drainage system will be determined by accurately mensurating from the maps.
Boundaries of the sub-catchments countries are established by its proposed contours. References 1. Engman. E. T. 1986. Roughness Coefficients for Routing Surface Runoff. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. ASCE 112 ( 1 ) : 39-53. 2. Hawkynss. R. H. . A. T. Hjelmfelt. and A. W. Zevenbergen. 1985. Runoff Probability. Storm Depth. and Curve Numbers. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. ASCE 111 ( 4 ) : 330-340 3. Maryland Department of the Environment. 1997. Draft: Maryland Storm H2O Design Manual. Volume One. Prepared by: Center for Watershed Protection. Inc.


Made available by
Touch N' Go Systems, Inc., and the
Law Offices of James B. Gottstein.
You can also go to The Alaska Legal Resource Center or search the entire website search.
(a) An operator shall file an application for a geothermal exploration permit before drilling shallow holes for purposes of measuring heat flow or temperature gradient.
(b) The application fee prescribed by 11 AAC 05.010 must accompany each application for an exploration permit. The application must include the following information:
(1) the name and address of the landowner;
(2) the name and address of the operator;
(3) the legal description and map of the exploration area;
(4) the approximate location of each proposed hole;
(5) the type and size of drilling rig;
(6) the proposed drilling program, including the drilling system or type of circulating medium for, approximate depth of, and casing program for each hole;
(7) the type of drilling sump and proposed method of sump abandonment at each location;
(8) the approximate length of time that each hole will be used for observation;
(9) the proposed method of abandonment for each hole;
(10) sufficient information to enable the commissioner to determine whether the proposed operation will comply with 11 AAC 84.895; and
(11) any other relevant information the commissioner determines necessary.
(c) A geothermal exploration permit will be granted for a term not to exceed two years. A permit may be extended for any number of consecutive periods, each period not to exceed one year. Modifications to the original proposal must receive prior approval from the commissioner. The commissioner will, in his discretion, modify permit stipulations.
(d) Each geothermal exploration permit issued is subject to the following provisions and any other provisions the commissioner determines necessary to assure compliance with this chapter:
(1) The drilling of shallow holes may not exceed 1500 feet.
(2) Flowline temperatures must be taken at a minimum of 30-foot intervals during drilling operations. If the fluid return temperature reaches 85ΓΈ C (185ΓΈ F), drilling must cease immediately and the hole must be
(A) completed as an observation hole by running iron or steel tubing as deep as possible and filling the annulus with drilling mud from total depth to 10 feet below the surface and with cement from a depth of 10 feet to the surface;
(B) abandoned; or
(C) equipped with mud cooling and wellhead control devices to maintain well control and mud return temperature at or below 85ΓΈ C (185ΓΈ F).
(3) If steam or hot water at 85ΓΈ C (185ΓΈ F) or greater, as measured at the surface or at the depth drilled, is encountered, further drilling must stop immediately and the hole must be
(A) completed as an observation hole, using iron or steel tubing cemented from total depth to surface;
(B) abandoned in compliance with 11 AAC 87.160; or
(4) If artesian water is encountered
(A) the hole must be plugged to the satisfaction of the commissioner; or
(B) developed as a water well for water use or hydrothermal use under AS 46.15.
(5) If the conditions outlined in (2) - (4) of this subsection are encountered, the commissioner must be notified immediately.
(6) Locations proposed in natural thermal areas within a quarter mile radius of hot springs, fumaroles, or other geothermal surface expression or in areas of known artesian water flow must be identified. The commissioner will, in his discretion, require special drilling and completion techniques, such as cemented surface casing and expansion-type blowout preventers, for those holes.
(7) An adequate supply of mud and lost circulation material must be kept on hand.
(8) Observation holes must be completed in a manner allowing satisfactory subsequent abandonment. At a minimum, the annular space must be filled with mud or cuttings from total depth to 10 feet below the surface and with cement from a depth of 10 feet to the surface. Tubing must be capped when not in use.
(9) Abandonment of holes must be done in a manner that will protect freshwater aquifers and prevent subsurface interzonal migration of fluids and surface leakage. At a minimum, the boring must be filled with mud or cuttings from total depth to 10 feet below the surface and with cement from a depth of 10 feet to the surface. For observation holes, the top 10 feet of tubing below the surface must be filled with cement and the tubing cut off at ground level or in a manner otherwise directed by the commissioner.
History: Eff. 5/8/83, Register 86; am 1/1/86, Register 96
Authority: AS 38.05.020
Note to HTML Version:
The Alaska Administrative Code was automatically converted to HTML from a plain text format. Every effort has been made to ensure its accuracy, but neither Touch N' Go Systems nor the Law Offices of James B. Gottstein can be held responsible for any possible errors. This version of the Alaska Administrative Code is current through June, 2006.
If it is critical that the precise terms of the Alaska Administrative Code be known, it is recommended that more formal sources be consulted. Recent editions of the Alaska Administrative Journal may be obtained from the Alaska Lieutenant Governor's Office on the world wide web. If any errors are found, please e-mail Touch N' Go systems at E-mail. We hope you find this information useful. Copyright 2006. Touch N' Go Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Last modified 7/05/2006


American Asphalt is the paving company of choice for North and South Carolina. We pride ourselves on offering complete asphalt solutions to our commercial and residential communities. Offering new asphalt & concrete paving, complete maintenance and repair, sealcoating, line striping, bollard & parking bumper installation, we can greatly extend the life of your pavement, saving you thousands of dollars over its life-cycle. But our services donít stop there! We can also prepare your pavement construction site with excavation, drainage and base installation services for both asphalt and concrete.
Call on American Asphalt to be the simple solution to your complex problems. Our team of experts are highly qualified and dedicated to helping you find the right solution, delivered on time and on budget. Call us at 336-362-3495 for Reidsville, NC or 828-332-3088 for Franklin, NC or fill out the Free Job Quote form for a free no-obligation consultation.


Emergency #: 416-675-6622 ext. 4000
Department of Public Safety – Communication to students
Construction site safety on campus
Recently, there have been several incidents reported to the Department of Public Safety about students knocking down or climbing over the safety fencing surrounding the site of the future parking garage.
We’d like to take this opportunity to remind students that construction areas on campus are strictly off-limits. Not only is it dangerous to access a construction site without the proper authorization, but it is also considered trespassing.
We appreciate that construction sites may affect some walking routes. However, please respect the safety fencing and stay out of restricted areas.
For more information, please contact the Department of Public Safety at 416-675-8500 or at https://www.humber.ca/publicsafety/about-us/contact-us .


Microcement Polymer Coating
Romabio Exterior Masonry Coating
PermaTint Exterior Masonry Stain
Microcement is one of the most exciting architectural coatings to hit Interior Design in years. Incredibly versatile and durable, this polymer and cement-based coating can be applied over existing surfaces including tile and stone, utilized as a waterproof wall and floor covering in showers and bathrooms, or applied over wallboard to create distinct and contemporary feature walls.
Picture Perfect professionally trained Microcement Installers understand the crucial technical steps required to ensure a long lasting and beautiful finish.
Picture Perfect is proud to be Canada’s first Romabio Preferred PRO Applicator. Our services include supply and install of Romabio mineral based paint - a masonry product specifically formulated for surfaces like brick, stone and stucco. Revered by architects and designers for its depth and character.
Romabio offers 2 select products: Masonry Flat and Classico Limewash. Romabio Masonry and Classico finishes are breathable, mold and mildew resistant, provide high-UV protection, and are guaranteed to last 20 years with no peeling or chipping.
Picture Perfect is excited to be offering PermaTint applications. This unique product combines natural minerals and inorganic pigments to lighten, darken, or completely change the color of masonry - matching your project's original or new color perfectly. Its special formula allows masonry to "breathe" in exactly the same manner as untreated surfaces, ensuring that natural weathering elements do not impact the PermaTint finish.
Effective on brick, mortar joints, concrete, stone, precast and other masonry surfaces, if a masonry surface can absorb water, it will take PermaTint.


Abuljadayel Factory for GRP & PE pipes is a modern factory with state-of-the-art technology. It has the most modern and sophisticated production and testing equipment, capable of producing GRP pipes and fittings of 400 – 4000 mm in diameter and suitable for the following fields and applications:
– Water transmission and distribution networks for both municipal and industrial systems.
– Sewer systems, gravity and forced mains for both urban and industrial applications.
– Cooling sea water intakes and outfall systems for power and desalination plants.
– In-plant water circulation systems for both sea water and desalinated water pipe lines.
– Irrigation systems and main transmission lines.
– Stormwater collection and disposal networks. GRP Pipes are designed to meet the property requirements of the following International and National Standards (ASTM 03262, ASTM03517, ASTM 03754, ASTM 02992, ASTM 03681, ASTM 04161, SASO 1577, SASO 1578, WWA C950, AWWA M45).
For More Info: ajpipepe.com


FlueSnug Boiler Flue Seal & Wall Hole Tidy Collar WHITE 100mm
The team behind PipeSnug, the innovative product that gives a quicker, smarter finish around pipework, has launched a ‘FlueSnug’ version designed to create a boiler flue seal for all 100mm boiler flues.
Sealing around a boiler flue traditionally requires pointing with sand and cement. FlueSnug removes any need for pointing, can be installed in seconds and snuggly fits the 152mm core-drilled hole in the wall through which the boiler pipe and flue exits. FlueSnug can be used both inside and outside the property for the best finish and prevents heat escaping. It also acts as a barrier to drafts, damp, insects and pests.
Furthermore, FlueSnug allows easy access to the flue for any service or maintenance work, without the need to remove existing brickwork, mortar or sealant. The FlueSnug can then simply be reinstalled once complete so no need to make good again afterwards, saving even more time and money.
Approved by major boiler manufacturers - including Worcester Bosch and Ideal - FlueSnug is one of the quickest and most cost-effective way to comply with forthcoming changes to Part L of the Building Regulations. These changes require a pipe collar or grommet to be used where a pipe enters or exits a home, helping to maintain the energy efficiency of the building.
FlueSnug is suitable for any building where a boiler flue has to be installed, including new boiler installations, retro-fitting to existing systems, new builds, local authority properties and commercial buildings.
The black FlueSnug is more commonly used externally and the white is mostly suitable for internal use. However, both colours are suitable for use inside and out depending on the colour of your flue pipe and wall.
* Fits 152mm core drill
* Replaces need to mortar around flue
* Internal and external use
* Installs in seconds and provides a long-lasting, professional finish
* Air and water-tight seal
* UV-rated so FlueSnug won't degrade over time
* Compliant with new changes to Part L of Building Regulations
* Endorsed by Worcester Bosch, Ideal Heating and other leading boiler manufacturers
* FlueSnug is made from recycled polypropylene and TPE
* The product and packaging are recyclable or biodegradable
* Make homes greener, smarter and more cost effective with FlueSnug
* Manufactured in the UK to the highest standards
* Award winning product
* As seen on Dragons' Den!


A roofer, roofing contractor, or roof repair contractor is a skilled tradesman who specializes in repairing roofs of commercial buildings. Roofers repair, replace, and install the roof of buildings, using various materials, such as asphalt, shingles, metal, gypsum, and bitumen. They perform a wide range of tasks, from repairing leaky roofs to installing state-of-the-art roof systems.
There are two types of roofing contractors – those that specialize in residential roofing, and those that specialize in commercial and industrial roofing. One important thing to remember when choosing a roofer is that each type requires different techniques and equipment. For example, roofers who work on residential buildings will usually be hired to perform only routine maintenance or repairs, such as replacing damaged shingles. The work environment will often dictate whether the roofer is required to use specialized equipment.
However, if your roof is more complex than just replacing damaged shingles or repairing minor damage, a qualified roofer may be required to use specialized tools and equipment, as well as perform other tasks not required for regular maintenance or repair. For example, solar shingles require precise installation procedures to ensure maximum effectiveness, so a roofer specializing in these specialized roofing materials may be required. Commercial roofers, on the other hand, are usually required to install and repair all types of roofing materials as needed. So the right roofer is important not only for the effectiveness of the roof but also for the long-term effectiveness of the building as a whole.
When comparing roofers and roofing contractors, it is important to understand the difference between the two. Roofers are people who repair or replace roofs while roofing contractors are people who build structures, such as buildings or parks, that include roofs. The job scope of a roofer is typically much broader than that of a roofing contractor, although there is some overlap in certain areas.
Roofers must first prepare the site in which they will be working by removing any existing debris, dirt, debris, or snow. Next, the roofer must remove any vegetation and weeds, as well as any underground materials such as pipes, wires, or cables. After this, the roofer must prepare the area where the roof will be placed by removing topsoil and sod from the area. Then, the roofer must cut, split, shape, and nail all of the necessary materials, such as asphalt shingles, fiberglass, slate, tiles, wood, glass, or concrete. After installing all of the materials the roofer must backfill, or place a layer of gravel in the bottom of the hole so that water will drain away from the roof.
Roofers need to practice safety practices whenever they work. For example, a roofer needs to use gloves, goggles, a face mask, and protection for the body. These materials will help to prevent the spread of disease, which is particularly relevant for on-the-job roofing jobs. As well, roofers should never climb up ladders or fences as these are potentially dangerous tasks that could result in serious bodily injury.
Lastly, when operating at significant heights, the roofer must keep in mind that safety goggles, life jackets, and other protective gear are required items. Also, many areas require roofers to wear reflective apparel to assist them in seeing the top of tall buildings or other structures at night. These practices are often done for aesthetic reasons, but also because there are many dangers to be had if roofing materials fall or are otherwise disturbed while on the job. Many injuries each year are caused by falling debris or shingles. While falling objects are unlikely to cause any significant damage to a roof, they are still necessary for roofers to observe due diligence.
Ultimately, a roofer must be willing to work in difficult conditions. This is especially true if the roof requires heavy materials or if a roofer must work at elevated heights. Fortunately, there are numerous ways to make working under these conditions easier and safer. If you are considering installing new roofing systems or repairing an existing roof, always consult with a licensed roofer. A roofer will be able to advise you on the best course of action for your particular situation and can point you in the direction of the most economical and safest way to get the job done.


The Kroger Co.'s K.B. Specialty Foods has broken ground on a new anaerobic wastewater treatment system at its facility in Greensburg, Indiana.
GREENSBURG, Ind., Nov. 18, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- The Kroger Co.'s (NYSE: KR) K.B. Specialty Foods this week broke ground on a new anaerobic wastewater treatment system at its facility in Greensburg, Indiana.
The modification will turn food production byproducts into energy and will also lead to improved air quality in the area.
"This is one more step toward meeting our goal of becoming a zero waste company by 2020," said Suzanne Lindsay —Walker, Kroger's director of sustainability.
K.B. Specialty Foods employs 270 and produces deli salads, cake icing, and refrigerated side dish products that are popular all over the country.
The current wastewater treatment system in the facility is open to the air. The new system will feature a dome that will capture biogas from food byproducts at the plant. The collected biogas will then be harnessed to generate electricity.
ADI Systems, the project builder, says the new facility relies on a process called anaerobic digestion. Microorganisms will transform the byproducts of food production into the biogas. ADI Systems says that process provides "a source of renewable energy that can be used to displace fossil fuels." The electricity created will be sent to the plant's electrical grid.
K.B. Specialty Foods expects the new system to be operational next summer.


Installation of an irrigation system in the Manantial de Vida agroecological association.
The Manantial de Vida agroecological association in the municipality of Potosí is working on the restoration and propagation of native plant material. Their initiatives have been supported by the Impulso Verde Foundation and other national organizations. In addition, the Manantial de Vida association is part of the Impulso Verde nursery network.
Since December 2018, Manantial de Vida has been working on a project to adapt and expand the nursery where plant material is reproduced. This project is being carried out thanks to the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology COLCIENCIAS of Colombia.
Luisa Delgado, an agricultural engineer at Impulso Verde, provided technical support to the project with the design and installation of the irrigation system for the nursery seedlings. To design the irrigation system, he made a visit to the nursery to size the characteristics of the site.
He made the design taking into account:
- The source of the catchment
- The number of beds* in the nursery
- The dimensions of each of the beds
- Water demand
- The pressure required by the system
The irrigation system selected for the nursery was mist irrigation, because this type of system can cover the irrigation area needed, and does not generate a negative impact on the leaves and soil of the seedlings, since it has a very small droplet size.
Irrigation system components:
- Catchment tank: 1000 liters.
- Main piping: Hose 1″ 100m
- Secondary piping: Hose 0.5″ 20m
- Tertiary piping: Microtubing 4mm, 30m
- Centrifugal pump: 0.5 Hp
- Nebulizers: Mono Jet 360°, 26 units.
*Adequate space for tree seedlings.


SuperSafe® Safety Rubber Tiles offer various thicknesses from 20mm to 100mm to suit your specific needs and budget.
SuperSafe® Industries Sdn Bhd has passed the training programs & Critical Surface Impact Test in compliance with Standard: ASTM F1292-F355, EN1177:2008 and EN 1177:2018, specification for Impact Attenuation of surface system(outdoor playground areas, rubber tiles, gym floor, running track, EPDM wet pour,. etc).
The training program was conducted in Vancouver, Canada by Mr. Roif Huber (President of Canadian Playground Advisory Inc.)
SuperSafe® Industries Sdn Bhd also has a Research & Development Department to continuously improve the quality and increase Critical Fall Height (CFH) on all SuperSafe® Safety Rubber Tiles.
SuperSafe® Safety Rubber Tiles are certified under ISO 9001: 2015 for Quality Management System. SuperSafe® Safety Rubber Tiles are tested and comply with British Standard BS 7188, Head Impact Criteria” (HIC) EN 1177:2008 , EN 1177:2018 and ‘American Society of Testing Materials’ ASTM F1292-F355 for Critical Fall Height (CFH).


“Contributing to the development of society through technology”
“Human Resources is the only and the largest asset of the company”
On November 1, 2009, IHI Infrastructure Systems Co., Ltd. (IIS) started business as a 100% subsidiary company of IHI Corporation, by succeeding the bridges, gates and other steel structures business units of IHI Corporation, Kurimoto, Ltd and Matsuo Bridge Co., Ltd.
The histories, technologies and human resources of the three companies are consolidated and upgraded as a unity. We are set to strive company-wide to deliver quality, safe and secure social capital to meet social needs, based on the IHI Group principles, “Contributing to the development of society through technology” and “Human resources is the only and the largest asset of the company.”
IIS further integrates specialized bridge and gate maintenance companies, namely IHI Structure Maintenance and Improvement Company (ISMIC) and Matsuo Engineering, to meet the growing importance and demand for the maintenance and improvement of the existing infrastructures.
We hope to extend our expertise in design, fabrication and construction accumulated through numerous bridge and gate projects in Japan for the development of global community.
With compliance in mind, we will strive for the realization of prosperity throughout the entire international society.


Award from the FSIA
I am very proud to announce that Gallery on Leviseur has received an award form the Free State Institute of Architects.
The project brief called for major additions and alterations to an existing residential building in order to convert it into a small commercial art gallery, with a restaurant component as well as indoor and outdoor exhibition space. The site is located in what was previously a predominantly residential area, the character of which is rapidly changing to include small businesses and offices.
The triangular shaped site fronts onto two streets, and played a significant part in defining the unique shape of the main gallery space as well as the general layout of the building. The irregular shape, as well as the North/South elongation of the site (and consequently the building) posed challenges in terms of natural lighting and access.
In order to allow sufficient natural lighting (while maintaining as much wall space as possible) the roof of the entrance is raised to allow clerestory lighting into the space, and low-level windows have been inserted in order to allow light to reflect off the white floors. Increasing the verticality of the entrance space also created the opportunity for this volume to be visually expressive and visible from both streets straddling the site, making it easier for visitors to orientate themselves when approaching from any side.
The existing building had little architectural or structural significance, and was therefore only considered as supplemental area, and as a starting point to the new design. Exterior spaces were designed as "sculpture courtyards", and are all well connected to interior spaces. In response to concerns about noise and privacy from neighbours, the roof folds down to the ground at the North Eastern corner of the site, affording more privacy for the patio area. Intersections between various elements are expressively detailed. Standard steel sections were also used to create custom elements (most notably the “star columns” manufactured from flat bar).
The dynamic forms derived from the shape of the site were translated into the third dimension, making the main gallery space more engaging. The verticality of the soldier course brickwork and the flutes of the corrugated sheet cladding create interest when juxtaposed with the non-verticality of certain structural elements (columns and walls) of the building, all supporting the sense of dynamism the building is trying to convey.
Lightweight steel frame construction with corrugated sheet metal cladding was utilized for the dynamic forms of the building not only due to the poor soil conditions on the site, but also as this solution provided the simplest manner in which to construct these parts of the building.


Local authority pushes for standard with high levels of insulation and ventilation, but Irish government says measure would slow construction of new homes
The Guardian, 17 June, 2015
The Irish government is fighting plans by a local authority in Dublin to make the super energy-efficient passivhaus standard mandatory for new buildings.
In a submission to Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown county council, the Department of Environment said introducing the standard would slow the construction of new homes.
Ireland’s building industry is experiencing a tentative recovery for the first time since the country’s property bubble began to collapse in 2007. The government is eager to accelerate house building in the capital, which has experienced a serious housing shortage.
The passivhaus standard, developed by European physicists in the 1990s, requires high levels of insulation, draught-proofing and ventilation. It is designed to eliminate the need for traditional central heating systems and to drastically cut carbon emissions.
The Department of Environment submission, obtained by the magazine Passive House +, said the move by Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown would increase the cost of house building. It warned that the environment minister, Alan Kelly, would consider invoking a rarely-used legal clause allowing him to intervene in local planning matters if necessary.
Separately, Kelly and housing minister, Paudie Coffey, wrote directly to all four of Dublin’s local councils, warning them against introducing “unreasonable or excessive” housing regulations, after Dublin city council became the second local authority to propose adopting the passivhaus standard.
Advocates for more energy-efficient housing have criticised the interference from central government, saying it risks taking the country back to a quantity-over-quality approach that defined Ireland’s boom-era building activity.
“There’s a lot of people commenting about cost and providing absolutely no evidence to back up their concerns,” said Tomás O’Leary of the Passive House Academy, which has offices in Ireland and New York. “It’s not energy efficiency that makes a building expensive.
“Of course you can have a passivhaus that’s very expensive, but you can also have passivhauses which are cheaper than normal.”
He said it was extraordinary that the government department responsible for construction quality was objecting to higher standards. “By implication they’re advocating that we should go ahead and slap up buildings as quick as we can, it’s so short-sighted and worrying,” he said. “And in any case passivhauses won’t slow down construction.”
He said passivhaus construction is often quicker because of the thorough design process involved, and because the buildings are often prefabricated.
Europe’s cities have been at the forefront of efforts to cut carbon emissions from buildings.
Earlier this year the passivhaus standard became compulsory for all new buildings in Brussels, while other cities including Frankfurt and Oslo have made the standard mandatory for public buildings. Under EU rules, all new buildings in Europe must be “nearly zero energy” from 2021.


The future of the shopping mall
A building, or construction, is an erect structure with no walls and a very tall (but usually symmetrical) roof standing almost permanently in one location, including a home or factory. While some buildings are open, like malls and museums, others are enclosed; this includes hospitals, restaurants, office buildings, and stores. However, some buildings, including some apartment complexes and hotels, are open all the time. In addition, some public works buildings have more than one level of living space. Go to the best and play with us ultra hot deluxe spielen. A big bonus for everyone who came!
In building construction, materials are used to build the physical structure, the supporting walls, the building envelope (cement, stone, insulation, and so on), and the paraphernalia associated with each part. The interior part of a building is called the living space or living quarters. Other materials used for the inside of buildings are window panes, bricks, and so on. Inside these spaces are rooms, kitchenettes, bedrooms, bathrooms, hallways, porches, etc. In homes, kitchens, bathrooms, hallways, porches, and living spaces can be constructed out of these same materials.
Тraditional materials and building services.
Most building projects in the United States today use olden times natural construction materials. These include bricks, stones, timber, iron, concrete, gypsum, asphalt, masonry clay, adobe brick, sandstone, granite, limestone, marble, limestone, and other natural building blocks. While many of these materials (e.g., limestone, sandstone, granite, etc.) were commonly used in pre-capitalistic days, they were very heavy and/or could not be transported or crafted on a construction site without great expense or difficulty.
Natural stone and brick are usually used in the interior of homes and buildings. Masonry clay (e.g., slates, red sandstone, and white clays) are used for support of the exterior walls. Gypsum is used to harden the exterior surfaces of the walls. When these natural materials are utilized, the construction project is much more cost-effective and the builder gets a rock solid foundation for his building project.
In modern construction, clay, stucco, and paint are usually used for walls and roofs of houses. Brick, stone, and lumber are utilized for floors. Walls are comprised of gypsum brick, stucco, drywall, gypsum blocks, mortar, and plaster. Plaster is used for interior walls because it is easy to clean and maintain. Furthermore, it can also withstand high temperatures.
In contrast to these pre-capitalistic days, modern building construction projects still adhere to the basic fundamentals of building. Main elements considered in a building are the frame (e.g., house, building, and roof), wall (e.g., windows, doors, and roofs), roof, floor (e.g., tiles, carpeting, hardwood floors, countertops), interior wall (e.g., wood, gypsum, cement), and exterior wall (e.g., bricks, stones, asphalt). However, these building elements are commonly composed of natural materials that include clay, limestone, sandstone, and concrete. Although they are naturally occurring, they cannot withstand the rigorous actions of construction without protective coatings or additives.
Modern construction techniques and products have made it easier to construct sturdy, modern structures. However, traditional building services still play a vital role in the building process. It is also important to hire skilled construction personnel and contractors. Hiring skilled labor and contractors who can execute building plans and specifications is one of the most critical tasks in building construction. An experienced general contractor can provide the best construction service providers that can meet your building requirements.
One type of building structure is the plinth structure. These portable buildings (e.g., commercial buildings, schoolrooms, churches, and others) consist of round or square plates with legs that stand on three or more layers of plywood or cement sheeting. The plinths are supported by wooden posts that are usually placed on the ground floor. Without the presence of an independent foundation, the plinths are susceptible to damage due to heavy winds or to damage due to earthquakes.


Boat Launch Ramps
London Bridge Marine Corp. is a licensed contractor capable of the design and construction of boat launch ramps for residential and commercial properties. We can perform pre-construction consultation, permit processing, project management and construction site work.
Our company has installed boat launch ramps along the Colorado River in Bullhead City, Fort Mohave, Laughlin, Ehrenberg and Parker.
We can assist our customers with obtaining necessary local, state and federal permits for launch ramp construction projects. We also specialize in the construction of poured-in-place concrete launch ramps. Call us today and we can help you on your next waterfront marine project.


架空输电线路导地线弧垂是架线施工质量和线路安全运行的关键指标之一,针对目前弧垂测量方法在准确性、便捷性 等方面存在的不足,提出了一种基于激光测距与光栅测角技术的输电线路弧垂测量数学模型,并在该模型的基础上,针对单根 导线测量鲁棒性不足的情况,提出一种基于相似性度量与牛顿插值法相融合的多分裂导线弧垂测量数据质量评估优化算法,实 现对数据集的补偿与弧垂计算。 与点云提取电力线方法相比,该测量方法只需通过少量测量数据即可拟合出导线模型并计算 出弧垂值。 以 220 kV 双分裂导线为测量对象,进行试验验证,并与现有测量方法弧垂测量值作比较,试验结果表明数据优化后 的弧垂误差率最大为 1. 47%,证明了该方法的准确性,能够满足工程现场测量精度要求,并提高了架空输电线路弧垂测量工作 的安全与效率。
The sag of conductor and ground wire is one of the key indicators for the construction quality and safety operation of the overhead transmission line. Aiming at the shortcomings of current sag measurement method’s accuracy and convenience, a mathematical model is proposed based on laser ranging and grating angle measurement technology for the sag measurement of the line. On the basis of this model, a data quality evaluation optimization algorithm which the similarity measure combined with the Newton interpolation method is put forward to realize the data set compensation and sag calculation for the case of insufficient robustness of the single conductor’s sag measurement of the multi-split line. Compared with point cloud extraction power line method, only a small amount of measurement data is needed for the proposed method to fit the line model and calculate the sag value. In order to verify the proposed method and compare with current sag measurement methods, a 220 kV double-split line is used in a test, and the result shows that the maximum sag error rate of the optimized data is only 1. 47%, which proves that the proposed method’ s measurement accuracy can meet the requirement of engineering sites, and can improve the security and efficiency of the overhead transmission line’s sag measurement.
周孝法,张越港,方 宇,杨 皓,夏严峰,武 欣,范狄庆,孙博洋.相似性度量与牛顿插值融合的架空输电线弧垂测量方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2023,37(7):221-229复制


Four Signs of Water Damage in Commercial Buildings
When water infiltrates your masonry, time is of the essence. The longer a leak lasts, the more damage it does. If you see any of these signs of a leak, you should get your masonry evaluated by a professional.
1. Bulging, spalling, and cracking
These are all exterior signs of a leak that is degrading the masonry. Once water has leaked past the mortar joints, it can wear away at the masonry. After the water has begun corroding the steel beneath, this damage will become much worse as a result of rust jacking.
2. Rust staining
This is a late-stage sign of water infiltration. You’ll find this commonly in concrete structures, where the red rust stain is visible on a lighter surface. When you see rust staining, it’s a sign that water has penetrated not only the masonry but the steel structure beneath. Water is causing the corrosion of the steel, which leaves a stain on the masonry surface.
Steel will expand as it rusts, creating further damage to your building’s structure. We call that rust jacking.
3. Mold and musty odors
After the water has made it past the exterior, you may notice signs of water damage inside the building. One of these signs could be a sign of mildew or mold. Mold is not always easy to detect.
4. Interior damage
Other interior signs that can tip you off to a water leak are staining on interior walls and ceilings. You may also see cracked drywall or peeling wallpaper as water begins to saturate your interior walls.
Keep water from damaging your building
At SERVPRO of Suffolk/Smithfield/Franklin, we help restore and rehabilitate the exterior of commercial buildings so you don’t have to worry about what happens when water leaks into your building. We can help you prevent it from happening and even if water damage does happen we can always make it "Like it never even happened."


Following a dry-docking, moonpool installation, major overhauls and the installation of Geoquip’s GMR600 marine drillrig, the Geoquip Saentis is now underway to her first assignment. Her first project will include numerous PCPT and sample boreholes plus a large number of 20-tonne seabed PCPT’s.
Leading geotechnical engineering and offshore drilling company Geoquip Marine has recently announced the appointment of highly respected industry figure Jean-Luc Laloë to its Board of Directors.
The Investigator, our 4 point moored shallow water geotechnical workhorse, underwent major maintenance and upgrades during a docking recently.
Leading offshore geotechnical engineering and drilling company Geoquip Marine has confirmed the addition of a DP2 Multi-Purpose Offshore Support vessel to its fleet.
Due to successful projects through 2018 and a healthy backlog Geoquip Marine have relocated their UK offices from Bath to Bristol (http://www.geoquip-marine.com/offices).
This move allows for further expansion planned for 2019. Our Project Management are continually looking for candidates to join our thriving and modern workplace (http://www.geoquip-marine.com/careers).
A two month campaign, including Seabed PCPTs to 40 mbsf in water depths up to 270 metres, was completed safely within the proposed budget and time schedule.
Leading offshore geotechnical engineering and drilling company Geoquip Marine has attracted major investment from Njord Partners, a specialist European investment fund.
Geoquip has completed a large geotechnical campaign for Vineyard Wind LLC offshore Massachusetts, USA.
See our latest newsletter...
Watch video and photo footage we showed on the big screen on our stand: https://youtu.be/TIGd_VPoTrg
Geoquip is currently drilling, sampling and CPTU testing from the Skandi Hercules in Australia.
Geoquip recently completed a major geotechnical campaign in the Pacific Ocean for the port of San Antonio, offshore Chile.
Leading geotechnical engineering and offshore drilling group Geoquip Marine has bolstered its deep-water capability by adding the brand new and multi-function offshore support/platform supply vessel Dina Polaris to its fleet.
Follow the Dina Polaris on her journey to new waters,
Geoquip was recently contracted to perform offshore geotechnical services for an LNG port development off the coast of Jamaica in Old Harbour Bay.
Geoquip recently mobilised one of our deepwater heave compensated geotechnical drillrigs onto the Dina Polaris. The Dina Polaris is a brand new Multi Function Offshore Support Vessel which, at 99m in length and a beam of 21m, offers an extremely stable platform for offshore geotechnical drilling operations.
Geoquip has recently commenced an environmental and geotechnical campaign in the Black Sea, mapping the seabed for one of our major clients.


CPVC (chlorinated poly (vinyl chloride) is a strong and rigid thermoplastic material that is used for hot and cold potable water applications in residential construction.
These products are ideal for use in hot/cold water plumbing systems, water treatment and chemical plants, as well as industrial piping systems.
Using solvent cement to connect pieces of PVC pipe and fittings is not difficult at all, and something you can do yourself.
CPVC will not degrade with hot water exposure and is safe for drinking water.
Specially formulated for CPVC OR PVC industrial piping system which requires chemical resistance to acids, bases, caustics, hypochlorite solutions, water and aqueous salt solutions
This allows the material to fuse to itself when the two pieces are connected. The CPVC resin is present to fill in any gaps that may exist.


Author: James Lovell
Puka Puka Parades, May 1951, vol. 5 no. 9
Update of the building of Club 100 on Kamoku St.
Purchase of our clubhouse site in the Kamoku tract improvement district for the 21,600 square feet of land which is composed of three parcels, 7200 sq. ft. each, amounted to $22,692. With all improvement assessments paid for and included in the purchase price, the property was acquired for $1.05 per square foot.
Work has already commenced on installation of roads, water and sewer lines, storm drains and other improvements in the newly opened subdivision. It is expected that this project will be completed in the very near future.
Meanwhile, preliminary plans for the clubhouse have been prepared by Akagi, Nishida, Hara, Onodera and Kunimoto Associates. The outline for the structure calls for a building covering 4886 sq. ft. Meeting halls, recreation room for members, kitchen, office space, work room, dormitory, storage spaces, men and women toilets, shower facilities, and a hall for rental purposes have been incorporated into the proposed building. The plan which contemplates usage of two of the three lots is available for inspection at our club headquarters. Members are urged to study it as suggestions for modifications are welcome.
In view of the current national building restrictions, the actual construction may be delayed since approval from the National Production Authority in Washington, D. C., must be secured before the building process can commence.
Jim Lovell, one time Battalion C. 0., is chairman of the Building Committee.


Schools, care homes and council buildings switching to energy-saving technology
- Categories : Press Release , Council
- 15 Nov 2021
Over the past five months over 4000 inefficient light fittings have been upgraded to low energy LED lighting and 600 Solar Panels have been installed on MTCBC buildings and schools as part of the council’s commitment to Welsh Government’s ambition for the public sector to be Carbon Neutral by 2030.
This has all been possible thanks to WG’s REFIT Cymru, a project which aims to optimise the energy efficiency of properties, improve the condition of our schools, reduce C02 emissions and save money.
On top of the savings the buildings will also benefit from electrical and mechanical upgrades, resulting in an improved learning and working environment and more comfortable conditions. Installations include:
- 30 x LED Lighting Upgrades
- 9 x Solar PV systems
- smart heating and hot water systems
- loft insulation
This Project is estimated to save £136,000 per year and reduce Carbon Emissions from buildings by 251 tonnes per year.
In addition to the buildings project, we are piloting the use of electric vehicles and have installed energy efficient streetlights. We are also working with an Energy Specialist to help prepare a Council plan and road map that will enable us to play our role in the 2030 target.
Councillor David Hughes, Portfolio Member for Neighbourhood Services, said: “We all have a part to play in Decarbonisation and preserving our planet for future generations. These may seem like small steps, but they will go a long way to making the council Carbon Neutral and realising Welsh Government’s target.
“The additional benefits of improved learning and working conditions means that not only are we doing the right thing for the environment, but our young people and workers will start seeing the benefits of these changes immediately.
“As a council we are committed to Decarbonisation.”
For more information visit merthyr.gov.uk/council/decarbonisation


GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY IN MALIBU CREEK’S LOWER FLOOD PLAIN
IT’S IMPLICATIONS FOR WASTEWATER DISCHARGE
By Matt Horns
August 3, 2012
Ambrose and Orme produced a document that is posted on the Ecomalibu web site’s “studies” page dated May 2000 and titled “Lower Malibu Creak and Lagoon Resource Enhancement & Management.”
For this article, “Malibu Creek’s Lower Flood Plain” includes the area designated by Ambrose and Orme that is underlain by substrate described as “ fluvial and estuarine” on their map on page 1-5. This includes flat-lying terrain upstream and within Serra Retreat, all the shopping centers, the Colony, the Courthouse/Library, and of course the creek and the lagoon. Malibu Civic Center is located on a rise at slightly higher elevation, so it could be considered just inside, just outside, or at the margin of the flood plain.
The flood plain is underlain by unconsolidated alluvium (sediments including sand, silt, gravel, cobbles, and boulders) deposited by Malibu Creek, with some lenses of sand deposited in a beach or near-shore environment. This sediment is around 200 feet deep at a maximum toward the center of the flood plane and becomes thinner toward the margins. The depth of the alluvium is a result of the lower canyon filling with sediment as sea level has risen several hundred feet in the last 10,000 years or so.
Figure 1-7 on page 1-13 of the Ambrose/Orme document presents a north-south vertical cross-section through this sedimentary basin. This illustration is based on theoretical models.
Figure 1-8 on page 1-16 shows more detail. This illustration is based on extensive field data.
Now, to groundwater hydrology:
The velocity at which groundwater flows though alluvium is determined by 3 factors. One is the gravitational force on groundwater at whatever elevation on whatever celestial body the site is located at. In this case we are talking about Planet Earth’s mean ocean tide levels at Malibu, California, North America. Another is the alluvium’s permeability, which is rather high in this case. The third factor is known as “hydraulic head.” This is the difference in elevation between the water table at various locations. Typically groundwater flows away from locations with a higher water table toward areas with a lower water table. The exception is when groundwater is overlain by an impervious layer and pressure builds, sometimes forcing groundwater upward though the substrate.
Most of the flood plain’s surface lies at an elevation of only 10-20 feet (less in some places, more in others). Most of the sedimentary layers have fairly high permeability rates (the ability of groundwater to flow through them). When elevated above the ocean and allowed to drain efficiently, groundwater typically flows rapidly down-gradient and away though this type of alluvium, allowing for well-drained conditions. Here, the water table along the beach is maintained at a shallow depth by the adjacent ocean. This slows subsurface drainage out of the alluvium and creates very shallow depths to groundwater.
IMPLICATIONS FOR SEPTIC SYSTEMS
When a large amount of rainfall infiltrates into the ground, the water table is elevated at somewhat uniform levels. When water is injected into the ground, for example by a septic leach field, a leaky water pipe, or an injection well, a “mound” is created in the water table. Due to hydraulic gradients formed by this mound, shallow groundwater flows away from the mound in all directions. This is how some of the septic system effluent along Colony Road could possibly flow away from the beach and end up in storm drains and in the lagoon.
IMPLICATIONS FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Waste water injection might not work:
Injecting treated waste water into the ground beneath the flood plain at a rate in which it all flows down-gradient through the alluvium into the ocean is a lot like having the bath tub faucet turned on continually at a rate that will allow it to all flow through the drain and not overflow the tub. Consultants have supposedly determined that the designed discharge rate from the proposed sewage treatment plant will not overflow (in this case emerge from the ground and become surface runoff). The water table at the proposed injection well is already quite shallow and is certain to rise when pumping begins. I see a very thin margin of error in this case. I am not convinced that subsurface flow through the “buried stream channels” that they have found will convey water rapidly enough away from the well to prevent “day-lighting” of a substantial portion of that effluent.
“Waste Water” is a thing of the past:
Southern California’s domestic water supplies are diminishing while demands for water rise. Many established water treatment systems are being retrofitted (at huge financial cost) to recycle their treated water and use it for irrigation. Including a recycling system in the original design is much more cost-effective. Tapia recycles most of its treated water. Pepperdine recycles almost all it theirs. If a sewage treatment plant is built for Malibu, it is unthinkable to me that recycling would not be a part of the design.


On tap and taken for granted but essential to our way of life and to life itself, Britain's water supply today is constant and sace. But how does it arrive at our homes, where does it come from, how does it get from there to our taps, and how is it cleaned to a potable standard? This book answers these questions. It explains how the expansion of towns and cities from Jacobean times necessitated the brining of water long distances to ensure a supply of pure and unpolluted water and it describes the massive engineering schemes that were required to ahieve this, culminating in the construction of large dams and reservoirs that flooded valleys and submerged villages.
This book also includes a lit of places to visit throughout the United Kingdom where water supply and its history can be better understood. These include pumping stations with historical machinery, as well as museums with exhibitions that deal with water supply. There is a list of reservoirs that the public can visit.


Spatial Development Framework
12 August 2016
The main aim of the Spatial Development Framework above is to formulate spatially based policy guidelines whereby changes, needs and growth in the region can be managed to the benefit of the whole community.
The Spatial Development Framework further guides and informs all decisions of the Municipality relating to use, development and planning of land. This will have to be balanced with the need to provide adequately for the social and economic needs of the growing population. In particular, it will identify opportunities for future development and conservation and make recommendations as to where and how development or conservation should take place. In doing so, the framework will not make detailed proposals for specific land portions, but will rather provide broad spatial guidelines to assist decision making with regard to land use/spatial planning.
• Status quo analysis of the Port St John’s area
• Vision and objectives for desired spatial form
• Policies and guidelines with respect to land use management
• Desired spatial form


Full total station technology plus a high-precision scanner in one revolutionary machine. The Trimble SXscanning total station redefines the capabilities of everyday survey equipment by providing the world’s most innovative solution for surveying, . Trimble (NASDAQ: TRMB) unveiled today a next-generation survey instrument—the Trimble SXScanning Total Station. Trimble SXlanserades i oktober på Intergeo i Hamburg, bara någon vecka senare kunde svenska mätkonsulter ta en titt på . Trimble SXScanning Total Station Overview – English. The Trimble SXis the most innovative and powerful piece of surveying equipment available.
The Trimble SXscanning total station redefines the capabilities of everyday survey equipment by providing the world’s most innovative solution for surveying . Trimble has announced the release of the SXScanning Total Station. The device is an all-in-one solution that combines 3D LiDAR scanning, . If it’s the total station – go Leica MS6 and if scanning – go Trimble SX10. Although if it’s for scanning, you could just go for the full size scanner.
Trimble has released the SXscanning total station that merges high-speed 3D scanning, imaging technology, and total station . Seems nice but i have the feeling about these instruments like a combi-oven, . The Trimble SXScanning Total Station is available for order now through Trimble’s Geospatial Distribution Channel. Trimble has released its next-generation survey instrument—the Trimble SXScanning Total Station.
Trimble’s new Lightning 3DM enables the SXto capture both high-accuracy total station measurements and true high-speed 3D scans together in a single . The Trimble SXScanning Total Station redefines the capabilities of everyday. We’re delighted to announce that Chris Jackson, Managing Director of Christian Geomatics, has placed the first order in the UK for Trimble’s . This issue includes: Welcome to the SX10! New releases from Intergeo The search for reliability – switching to Trimble VRS Now, our case study with Greenhatch . At INTERGEO recently, Trimble presented the SX1 one revolutionary machine with full total station technology plus a high precision scanner. Informed Infrastructure and VMedia interviewed Todd Steiner, Product Marketing Director, Trimble.
For the last decade, Trimble has been working behind the scenes to design a scanning total station that will redefine the surveying industry. Trimble unveiled the SXScanning Total Station to the public Thursday, October 6th. As a distribution partner, I found out about it on Tuesday, . Trimble SXthe Total Station for 3D scanning for high definition point cloud. The Trimble SXredefines the capabilities of everyday survey equipment high-speed by seamlessly merging industry leading optical, imaging . What is the process to combine scan data from the Trimble SXscanning total station to . Trimble SXScanning Total Station Brings “Both Worlds” to Surveyors. Product Marketing Director, Trimble Geospatial, Imaging Optical . Trimble has unveiled a next-generation survey instrument, the Trimble SXScanning Total Station.
Do you have questions on laser scanner hardware? Don’t hesitate to contact our independent laser scanner professionals!


Welcome to the MIMAROPA! In this travel blog, we will explore the MIMAROPA region, a region undergoing significant infrastructure enhancements, thanks to the dedicated efforts of Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), under the leadership of Regional Director Gerald Pacanan. Let’s travel and get to see the projects of DPWH – MIMAROPA! Project #1:
Welcome to the MIMAROPA! In this travel blog, we will explore the MIMAROPA region, a region undergoing significant infrastructure enhancements, thanks to the dedicated efforts of Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), under the leadership of Regional Director Gerald Pacanan.
Let’s travel and get to see the projects of DPWH – MIMAROPA!
Project #1: Bridging Communities in Palawan
Our adventure begins in Palawan. The DPWH Palawan 2nd District Engineering Office, led by Regional Director Gerald Pacanan, has completed the widening of Calasaguen Bridge in the Municipality of Brooke’s Point. This project, spanning 203 square meters, aims to enhance transportation along the Puerto Princesa South Road.
With improved connectivity and increased capacity, the widened bridge facilitates smoother traffic flow. As averse twe trhis newly enhanced infrastructure, we’re met with breathtaking vistas of Palawan’s lush landscapes. Generally, you will see the development of MIMAROPA.
Project #2: The Way to Oriental Mindoro
Our journey continues to Oriental Mindoro, where the DPWH Mindoro Oriental District Engineering Office has completed road construction in Brgy. Fortuna, Socorro. This project includes the concreting of 297.50 linear meters of road.
Goin to the beautiful places of Oriental Mindoro, the newly constructed road is a gateway to the region’s diverse tourism offerings,. With each mile traveled, we witness the transformative power of infrastructure in uplifting communities and enhancing the visitor experience.
Project #3: Connecting Tourists Spots in Romblon
Our final destination brings us to Romblon, where the DPWH MIMAROPA Region has completed a road construction project along Odiongan East-West Road in Tablas Island. Stretching over 3,389.11 linear meters, this project fills crucial gaps in the road network.
This project integrates solar-powered lights and studs for road safety. This enhances visibility and reducing the risk of accidents, particularly at night or during inclement weather. On our trip, we’re greeted by the majestic sights of Talamban View Deck.
These projects are made successful through the hard work of DPWH MIMAROPA. All thanks to Regional Director Gerald Pacanan!
Wanna explore more?
Feeling like your journey isn’t quite complete? Well, don’t worry! There are other amazing places waiting to be explored in the region. And you know what? Some of these destinations are perfect for spending quality time with your special loved one.
Since it’s the month of love, why not bring them along too? Bring them to El Nido, Palawan to witness the beautiful sunset. Or perhaps, wander the streets of Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro. Whatever your heart desires, MIMAROPA offers unforgettable memories with your beloved.


报告题目：Understanding of Relationships among Chemistry, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Stone-based Infrastructure Materials
报告嘉宾：Mingjiang Tao, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Mingjiang Tao received BS in civil engineering from Fuzhou University, China in 1997 and a MS in geotechnical enigneering from Tongji University, China in 2000, and Ph.D. in civil engineering from Case Wester Reserve University, USA, in 2003, respectively. He joined Worcester Polytechnic Institute in 2007, where he is an Associate Professor. He is the author of more than 56 papers on alternative cementitious binders, asphlat concrete, granular materials, and characterization of construction materials at nano- and marco-scales. Dr. Tao’s current research interests lie primarily in developing smart and multifunctional civil engineering materials, with the aid of emerging technologies, such as additive manufacturing, data science, biomimetics, and materials science. His research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, Federal Highway Administration, state departments of transportation, and New England Transportation Consortium. Prof. Tao is a Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and member of Chemical and Mechanical Stabilization Committee (AFS90), Engineering Behavior of Unsaturated Soils Committee, and Physicochemical and Biological Processes in Soils (AFP40) of the Transportation Research Board, and member of Sigma Xi.
Stone-based infrastructure materials, such as cement and asphalt concretes, are widely used in various civil engineering applications, which have a similar material structure that includes an aggregate skeleton and a binding medium. Binding agents, acting as a glue that binds all aggregates together, play a crucial role in overall performance of stone-based materials. However, our understanding about these binding agents remains poor or limited. In this talk, I will share some results from our research efforts that aim to fill the knowledge gap in the chemical-microstructure-mechanical link of two binding agents: 1. Organic asphalt binder; and 2. Inorganic geopolymer. Their microscopic morphology and mechanical contrast among the multiphase features were evaluated using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation, while their bulk thermal and mechanical properties were investigated with modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and unconfined compressive strength testing, respectively. These findings enhance our understanding of the complicated relationships among chemistry, microstructure, and mechanical properties of binding agents, which would enable us to develop materials with desired properties by tailoring their chemistry.


January 29th, 2014
The choice of your home’s foundation is made based on the type of soil, terrain, weather conditions, and if you live in earthquake country.
The purpose of the foundation is to provide support to the rest of the house. So a house built on a slope needs to have a foundation that will keep the house from slipping down the hill.
In newer home structures, the foundation is isolated from the rest of the building preventing the harmonic motions of an earthquake from being transmitted to the rest of the building.
There are four main types of home foundations:
Poured concrete foundations are also called slab foundations, and are the most common because they’re inexpensive to build. One downside is that you can’t have a basement. Another is any plumbing, electrical, and heating ducts in the slab foundation are difficult to access. Eichler homes are notorious for the expensive problems caused when the radiant heating pipes in the slab foundation would leak or break. The good news is that the main floor in the home is sturdier. They don’t rot and deteriorate, sag or creak. If you want a heavy piano, floor safe, or waterbed, the floor can support it more easily.
Frost-protected foundations were designed for protecting the concrete in extremely cold conditions. It is a T-shaped foundation that provides extra support for the concrete slab with concrete footings extending below the frost line. They’re not very common in the US.
Permanent wood foundations have been around since the 1960s as an alternative for crawl space, basement and stem wall foundations. They’re easy to insulate and very moisture resistant. People often avoid this type because they don’t believe it will be as sturdy or reliable. A good home inspector can find issues, and these foundations are often better then you might think.
Raised foundations are mostly found in coastal areas that receive large amounts of rain. They must be able to both support the home and provide protection from the rain. The two types of raised foundations are pier-and-post (also called pier-and-beam) and stem wall. The difference between them is that the stem wall footings are continuous rather then spaced apart.
Manufactured homes are on the rise and have their own special foundation. The foundations have had to evolve over the years as manufactured houses have expanded into multiple stories.
What type of foundation do you have? If you’re looking for a new home, what kind are you going to look for?


Lateral load rotomoulded bin
Rotourban is a lateral load bin with a capacity of 1,800, 2,000, 2,200, 3,000 or 3,200 litres, made of HDPE through 100% recyclable rotomoulding.
Rotourban bins have been designed and manufactured with users in mind, improving accessibility for people with reduced mobility thanks to the pedal and handle.
The new Rotourban unifies the model of existing bins on the streets with a more up-to-date, modern model that is safe to use and has a lower visual impact due to its lower height. They are compatible with each other and can be combined within the same city when a lower visual barrier is sought because they follow the same design line.
The bin mouths are under 1,200 mm.
The materials with which they are manufactured have UV-protection and are 100% recyclable. Thanks to its design, cleaning is quick and easy. Furthermore, the design allows a centering guide to be attached that prevents the bin from being positioned outside the enabled area (optional).
Rototank’s lateral load bins comply with current standards (EN) and are manufactured in plants with ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 14006 and ISO 45001 certifications.