Maison à Chania (Grèce) - Anglais
Family house in Nio Chorio Apokoronas, Chania Crete- Greece
1 storey house with πατάρι
Architect and supervision of works: Zeta Chrysafaki
Arts and Crafts Village, laboratory No 33
Souda, 73100 Chania Crete
Civil engineer : Eleftheria Tsakanika
Constructor: Axel Trillhaase
Owner: Michalis Katakis
Construction time: June 2013- June 2014
The house is designed for a 4 member family. It is placed in the village of Nio Chorio in the municipality of Apokoronas on a plot of 876spm. The climate in this area is characterized from very warm summers with temperatures that reach 39 degrees Celsium and mild winters with temperatures that rarely fall under 10 degrees Celsium, wind, rain and quite high humidity.
Bioclimatic principles have been applied for the basic plan of the house: big openings in the south, small openings in the north, passive air circulation, good insulation of walls and roof. Southern windows will be protected from the sun with outdoor pergolas covered with local plants such as wineyards.
The foundations are made of beton. For the load-bearing struction it is used glue-laminated timber of small dimentions (10 X 10, 5 X 10 etc) with metal joints. In Greece the static analysis of any structure has to obey to the National Antiseismic Code, due to often earthquakes.
The material chosen for the construction of the walls had to fulfill following needs: had to be economical and ecological, had to be easily worked from non expetised workers and self-construction, had to be highly insulative, equillibrate high humidity and assure cool indoor environment in the summer. The lightclay walls of 30 cm thickness and 500kg/m3 weight cover these expectations and provide not only a good insulation but also a high thermal capacity, which is very important for constructions in mediterranean climates. The walls were covered inside with a clay-lime-sand plaster and outside with a limeplaster, traditionally used in cretan constructures.
Pavements have been covered with tiles and wood. The heating system used is a energetic fire-place.
The house is expected to be ready in July 2014. For its construction only bare hands and hand machines were used.


The underwater restaurant, designed by the architectural bureau Snøhetta, will look like a thick, rectangular periscope made out of rough concrete. One end rests on a gangway connecting it to the shore, while the remaining part of the periscope slopes down below the surface, landing on the seabed approximately five and a half meters below sea level.
“The harsh, rough conditions in Lindesnes, have made it necessary to pay additional attention to the structure itself and the materials used when building it. The structure must be able to withstand enormous natural forces from the sea, changing weather, and powerful winds”, he explains.
Therefore, when designing the structure, it was crucial not to design a geometric shape that would challenge the rolling of the waves, but rather design something that could exist with them.
In collaboration with other academic communities, we have scrutinized weather data from the area, as well as taken into account a scenario of a thousand-year wave. After considering these, and a number of other factors, Asplan Viak has determined that the walls of the outer structure should be 0,5 meters thick and consist of reinforced concrete.
The eleven meter-long and three and a half meter-tall panoramic window, which will give the guests a fantastic view of subsea life, is of course also produced to withstand the fierce underwater conditions and enormous water-pressure.
After having verified all the calculations, Marthinsen can guarantee the absolute safety of the structure.
“Should a thousand-year wave occur, you will be completely safe within the restaurant”, he says.
January 15, 2018 marked the start of the construction of under.
BRG is responsible for the building of the restaurant-construction, and the work is being carried out on a barge anchored near the location where the restaurant will be launched into the sea in July 2018.
Once the restaurant is in place and anchored on the seabed, the interior construction work will begin. The work also includes making state-of-the-art solutions for power, ventilation, water and sewage. When finished, the restaurant will consist of three levels; the entrance area at the top, the mezzanine in the middle, and the kitchen and restaurant on the lower level.
“And in March 2019, the restaurant will open to its first guests. Something we are really looking forward to!”
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The Money Bridge, Frederikshaven Denmark
for kate wilkins lighting designers
Practical lighting workshops are a major part of the education programme of the Professional Lighting Design Association and take place at different locations worldwide. Established designers are invited to head up a team and guide the participants through the design process for a (temporary) lighting installation, from developing a meaningful lighting concept for a given site, to installing the equipment needed to realise the design. Our site in the Danish town of Frederikshavn was a long pedestrian bridge linking the ferry dock to the mainland.
The central concept for lighting the bridge was movement the movement of people, the movement of the sea, and the movement of traffic. The resulting design was relevant for the whole bridge, but for the purposes of the workshop only one section was treated. The concept was expressed by using dynamic colour-changing light to gently wash and flow over the architecture.
The movement of people was emphasised by the creation of shadows triggered by sensors – when people walked along the bridge, their shadows were projected onto areas of the glass walls and became clearly visible inside and out. The idea of movement incorporated the concept of arrival and return articulated by the creation of lit gateways, forming focal points to attract and draw the visitor along the route. The combination of different lighting treatments was a deliberate choice intended to provide relief and interest during the lengthy, otherwise monotonous journey over the bridge.
Workshop creative leaders Karen van Creveld & Kate Wilkins ELDA (European Lighting Design Association) Workshop


|Close Interval Potential Survey
Cathodically protected pipelines are equipped with
permanent test stations where electronic leads are attached to the pipeline to measure the
pipe-to-soil potential. This potential should be sufficiently cathodic to ensure adequate
corrosion protection but not excessively cathodic to produce coating damage and/or
The potentials measured at permanent test stations only originate from a
small fraction of the total pipeline length. One proposed rule of thumb estimates that the
measured potential is associated with a relatively short length of pipeline - about 2x the
depth of pipeline burial. The Close Interval Potential Survey (CIPS) technique is aimed at
assessing the CP effectiveness over the entire length of the pipeline, in between the
permanent test stations.
In CIPS the operator establishes an electrical connection to the pipeline
by means of a trailing wire. This coated copper wire unwinds from a spool as the operator
walks the length of the pipeline. The pipeline potential is measured with a set of
reference electrodes at ground level, positioned directly over the pipeline, at intervals
of about 1 meter.
In order to obtain a better indication of the "true"
pipe-to-soil potential, the IR error in the potential readings associated with CP current
flow through the soil has to be minimized. This is achieved by interrupting CP current
flow for an instant-off potential measurement. In practice, this means that that all
sources of significant CP current need to be interrupted synchronously. Typically the
current output from several influencing rectifiers (and also foreign sources of current)
needs to be interrupted synchronously. Increasingly, GPS timing
devices are used for synchronous switching devices.
CIPS technique, schematic
click on image to enlarge
The selection of a suitable interruption time and timing of the potential
measurement in the interruption ("off") cycle has been subject to some debate.
In practice, the interruption cycles tend to vary from a second to fractions of a second,
depending on the instrumentation used. The selected "on" cycle is longer than
the "off" cycle to limit depolarization of the pipeline during the surveys.
Commercial interrupter with GPS timing installed at a
click on image to enlarge
Clearly, in principle, this technique is based on relatively simple
potential measurements. However, in practice, surveys can be very demanding on field
crews, require a high degree of operator skill and experience and demand extensive support
logistics for physical measurements and for computerized data management. Close
collaboration between the client and survey contractor is an important consideration.
|Some cited advantages of the CIPS technique include:
- Simple in principle and widely used.
- Assessment extends along the entire length of the pipeline.
- Complete pipeline right-of-way can be inspected as part of the walk along the pipeline.
The CIPS technique is increasingly used in combination with GPS technology.
R.L. Pawson: "Close Interval Potential Surveys - Planning, Execution,
Results", Materials Performance, February 1998, pp.16-21.
Pipeline corrosion monitoring


The agreement should mention the cost of different building materials used for the construction of the house. If we are not talking about additional fees, they should be discussed with the housing contractor. If you go for a package for specific extra work that is performed differently than mentioned in the agreement. You should receive a quote if you have to pay additional expenses. The terms of the agreement between the owner and the contractor include work to be worked, construction time, payment plans, escalating costs, delays, penalties, construction materials used, etc. An employment contract for the construction of the house in India between the owner and the contractor must be concluded to mention all civil engineering work included in the contractual agreement and excluded. NOTE: This is just a draft contract in which we have considered a model project to analyze the costs and terms of payment. A construction contract is a legal document that binds the two parties to the agreed terms. This is the duration of the project, the cost per square metre or per item, the building materials used, etc. 9. The contractor works in coordination with other organizations involved in building work. It gives them all cooperation and support.
The completion date is not extended to this account. The contractor must rectify the damage caused by the building`s electricity, sewerage and water supply work, which must be paid accordingly. A work contract can be established based on agreed conditions, construction costs, materials used, basic material costs, project closure frameworks, etc. If there are changes, they should be made in accordance with the agreement between the owner and the contractor. In most cases, there will be no change. The changes will be minor. For example, the layout of cabinets, wiring and the inclusion of additional power outlets and other aspects may be discussed by the owner, so that his interests are served by the contractor. As long as construction costs are within the price limit, there will be no difficulty in making changes. While the owners own land, the #________ (address of the site on which construction is under way) and a house in that land, in accordance with the approved architect`s plan and the specifications, rates and quantities that are attached and participate in this agreement. This agreement allows the parties to write down the exact nature and details of the work to be carried out, as well as the responsibilities of each party throughout the construction. The terms of payment for the project are also mentioned.
As a general rule, there are three different types of pricing agreements: b) architects are empowered to order the removal of materials or defective works of works in order to order the replacement of materials in accordance with this agreement and schedules.


„The reconstruction of five regional airports will contribute to the development of Senegal’s transport infrastructure, as well as improve access to remote areas of the country, whilst developing potential for receiving international flights from Europe or Africa.“
The project will significantly contribute to the development of the local business sector and the creation of new jobs. The new airports will thus not only contribute to better utilization of the existing economic potential, but will also help to activate new economic processes and projects.
The project for the reconstruction of five Senegalese regional airports is carried out on the basis of intergovernmental negotiations and the SENEGALESE PARTY expressed interest in its implementation on the basis of the world's unique Modular Airport Program developed in the Czech Republic by TRANSCON ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS, s.r.o.
Photo gallery including visualisations of exteriors, interiors and terminals of planned construction of individual airports supplemented with video render of Saint-Louis airport.


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SEPSID products can be stand-alone or integrated with existing structural analysis software such as (ETABS SAP2000 and RISA 3D among other packages). SESPID provides as well a unique solution for the final phase of drafting and preparing the structural engineering layouts.
SESPID counts with a highly qualified team that consists of professional structural engineers, developers, researchers and academicians in order to satisfy our clients demands.
SESPID also glad to develop a private applications for you , compatible with the structural analysis packages you are familiar with ,including full customization with integrated support and training . Start saving time and increasing productivity by using SESPID products .
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Lulu Island Detailed Master Plan
This book was developed in collaboration with the master planning team at Sasaki Associates. The challenge was to convey the scope and significance of Lulu Island, the largest of several development projects in Abu Dhabi. The book is the culmination of the master planning process, combining a comprehensive narrative through the project’s districts with illustrative material to envision the landscape, architecture, and urban design concepts.
Award: 53rd Annual New England Book Show (2010) Award; Books/Professional, Illustrated


Hume Dam was constructed between 1919 and 1936, and was hailed as a triumph of engineering.
The Dam forms Lake Hume, which is the main operating storage of the Murray River system. It regulates and stores water for irrigation, stock, domestic and urban use as well as for the environment. It also plays a part in the generation of hydroelectric power and flood mitigation.
At its peak in 1927, the project involved more than 1000 workers, who were assisted by steam engines, an aerial cableway across the river, a mixer house, railway lines, a powerhouse and cement store.
Accommodation for workers was provided on both sides of the river. These villages featured simple cottages for families and barracks for single men, as well as grocery shops, primary schools and public halls for Saturday night dances.
LookEar was commissioned to develop two visually engaging interpretation panels to present some of the key features of the dam and the stories of its creation.
LookEar was responsible for:
interpretive concepts and themes
content research and text
graphic design and artwork
The project was developed in association with Mono Design.


Maps & Routes
Utilizing community input captured in Fall 2020, the project team evaluated over 100 miles of potential routes to develop a recommended alignment route. During the evaluation process, potential routes were studied to understand challenges and constraints.
Ultimately, alternative routes were removed from consideration due to one or more of the following conditions:
- Environmental impacts or constraints
- Impacts to property owners,
- Indirect routing,
- Lack of connectivity,
- And others.
The recommended route avoids many of these challenges and uses available space in the I-40 corridor and along NC54 to create a direct, physically separated route to connect our region. The static matrix provides more details on the alternative routes that were removed from consideration.View Interactive Map (opens in a new window)
Bicycle Crash Analysis Map
This map shows bicycle-motor vehicle crashes along the Triangle Bikeway corridor within a 3-mile radius from the potential trail alignment. From 2007 to 2019, there were 474 crashes, 12 of which were serious injuries and 8 were fatal.
Most crashes occurred on the campuses of and in neighborhoods adjacent to the University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University in Chapel Hill and Raleigh, respectively. High-crash corridors include: NC-54. Raleigh Rd, Manning Dr, Hillsborough St, Western Blvd, Gorman St, and Avent Ferry Rd.
Compared to crash rates of municipalities along the project corridor, the Triangle Bikeway study area has the third highest bicycle crash rate per 10,000 residents in 2019, tied with Raleigh.
Existing Conditions Map
Triangle municipalities have extensive greenway networks with over 250 miles of greenway in the region. The Town of Chapel Hill has approximately 18 miles of paved or natural surface greenways, and the City of Durham has over 30 miles of greenways. Research Triangle Park has over 20 miles of paved pedestrian trails, and the Town of Morrisville has a growing greenway network with 9 miles. The Town of Cary and the City of Raleigh have robust greenway networks with over 80 miles and 100 miles of greenway, respectively.
The East Coast Greenway, a biking and walking path from Maine to Florida, routes through the region and connects the cities of Durham and Raleigh, the Town of Cary, and Umstead State Park via the American Tobacco Trail, White Oak Creek Greenway, Black Creek Greenway, and Reedy Creek Trail. The East Coast Greenway serves as the spine of the regional trail network, but improved connections between
Durham and Chapel Hill and a more direct route between Durham, Raleigh, and RTP are needed to serve as active transportation corridors.
While regional bike connectivity is limited, the bicycle networks of Triangle municipalities are growing and provide the framework to build a more connected active transportation system for the region. In Durham, bike lanes along Cornwallis Rd improve connections between Research Triangle Park and Downtown, via the American Tobacco Trail. Similarly, existing bike lanes adjacent to the study area will provide connections to major destinations in Chapel Hill, Durham, and Raleigh and to the employment centers in Research Triangle Park. These bike facilities will expand the reach of and access to the Triangle Bikeway.
Major Employers Map
Major trip destinations, such as employment centers, are important to identify when evaluating transit, biking, and walking transportation. The largest employers along the Triangle Bikeway corridor are research institutions, technology companies, hospitality companies, and medical facilities. These 68 major employers represent 75,000 employees in the study area.
Pedestrian Crash Analysis Map
This map shows pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes along the Triangle Bikeway corridor within a 3-mile radius from the potential trail alignment. From 2007 to 2019, there were 945 crashes, 65 of which were serious injuries and 25 were fatal.
Most crashes occurred along major arterials in the study area. High-crash corridors include: NC-54. Raleigh Rd, Manning Dr, Fayetteville Rd, NC-55, I-40, Harrison Ave, Blue Ridge Rd, Lake Boone Trail, Hillsborough St, Western Blvd, and Avent Ferry Rd.
Compared to crash rates of municipalities along the project corridor, the Triangle Bikeway study area has the third highest pedestrian crash rate per 10,000 residents in 2019.
Planned Facilities Map
The Capital Area Metropolitan Planning Organization (CAMPO), Durham-Chapel Hill-Carrboro Metropolitan Planning Organization (DCHC MPO), and their partnering communities have prioritized multi-modal connectivity throughout the Triangle region in planning efforts over the past decade. This map illustrates bicycle and pedestrian recommendations from previous plans and studies that are relevant to the Triangle Bikeway Study.
The Triangle Bikeway is project of regional significance and proposed in locally adopted plans. The segments along NC-54 from US 15-501 to NC-751 and along I-40 from NC-54 to Page Rd are included in the DCHC MPO Comprehensive Transportation Plan (CTP), and the segment along I-40 from I-540 to Trenton Rd is included in the CAMPO Metropolitan Transportation Plan (MTP) 2040. The segment from the NC-54 and US 15-501 interchange along NC-54 in Chapel Hill to Harrison Ave along I-40 in Cary is also a key corridor proposed in the NCDOT Great Trails State Plan.
NCDOT STIP Projects Map
Projects identified in the 2020-2029 State Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) inform recommendations of this study. Proposed and committed projects within the study area provide opportunities for coordination between NCDOT and municipalities to incorporate bicycle and pedestrian facilities into roadway improvements. With the adoption of the Complete Streets Policy Update in August 2019, NCDOT is committed to taking a multi-modal approach to project development. The policy specifies that bicycle, pedestrian, and transit facilities proposed in an adopted plan will be incorporated into NCDOT roadway projects at no cost to the local jurisdiction. The Complete Streets Policy establishes an avenue to develop segments of the Triangle BikeÂway in the projects listed below.
Triangle Bikeway Corridor Map
This study explores the opportunity to create a bicycle and pedestrian commuter alternative to I-40 along a direct and mostly parallel path. This project includes an implementation study for the eastern segment between Raleigh and Research Triangle Park and a feasibility study for the western segment between Research Triangle Park and Chapel Hill. The implementation study includes a 30 percent functional design for the segment from Trenton Rd in Raleigh to Park Point in Research Triangle Park, and the feasibility study includes an analysis of the segment from Park Point in Research Triangle Park to the US-15/501 and NC-54 interchange in Chapel Hill.
Existing Transit Map
The Triangle Bikeway study area is served by the regional transit authority, GoTrianÂgle; four local transit agencies: Chapel Hill Transit, GoDurham, GoCary, and GoRaleigh; and North Carolina State University’s WolfLine transit system.
GoTriangle routes in the study area are anchored by the Regional Transit Center, which is located along the proposed Triangle Bikeway corridor on Slater Rd in Durham's Imperial Center and is adjacent to Research Triangle Park. The following GoTriangle routes serve the Triangle Bikeway corridor: CRX — Chapel Hill-Raleigh Express, DRX — Durham-Raleigh Express, 100 — Raleigh/RDU Airport/Regional Transit Center, 310 — Cary/Wake Tech RTP/Regional Transit Center, 700 — Durham/Regional Transit Center, 800S — Southpoint/Chapel Hill, and 805 — Chapel Hill/Woodcroft/Regional Transit Center.
Chapel Hill Transit serves the Triangle Bikeway corridor with routes A — MLK Jr Blvd/ Northside, N — Estes Park/UNC Hospitals/Family Medicine, and FCX — Friday Center Express. GoDurham serve the Triangle Bikeway Corridor with routes 5 — Fayetteville St/NCCU/Southpoint, 12 — E Main St/NCCU/Southpoint, and 20 — Woodcroft/South Square/Duke VA Limited. GoCary serves the Triangle Bikeway corridor via route 3 — Harrison Ave and route 7 — Weston. GoRaleigh serves the Triangle Bikeway corridor with routes 4 — Rex Hospital, 26 — Edwards Mill, and 27 — Blue Ridge, and the Wolfline serves the Triangle Bikeway corridor via route 6 — Carter Finley.
Transit routes along the Triangle Bikeway corridor are also accessible via twelve park and ride lots in the study area. GoTriangle is served by Eubanks Road, Patterson Place, Regional Transit Center, Renaissance Village, Streets at Southpoint, Cary Train Station, Bent Tree Plaza, Carter Finley Stadium, and District Drive. Chapel Hill Transit is served by Southern Village. GoDurham is served by Parkway Plaza. and the Wolfline is served by Carter Finley and Spring Hill.
The Triangle Bikeway corridor, coupled with existing transit routes and park and ride facilities, will expand transit accessibility in the region by providing first and last mile connections for those traveling to and from home, work, and essential services.


Audio Ink asks members of Alter Bridge, Steel Panther, Styx. my son and I – are going to go as the cast of “Young.
Brandon Cutler was robbed of his merchandise and it was tossed to the crowd as well. Then Nick Jackson gave away a dented.
The modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) of structural steel is specified in the design standard EN 1993-1-1 Section 3.2.6. For structural design the modulus of elasticity of structural steel is considered as E = 210000 MPa.
bolt fastener NutsandBolts.com is a supplier of bolts and fasteners to individuals as well as a bulk commercial and industrial supplier. Find specialty bolts ranging from tiny to extra long and even large bolts in many grades and drives. By stocking such a large variety most orders ship the same day.
Sometimes referred to as the modulus of elasticity, Young’s modulus is equal to the longitudinal stress divided by the strain. Stress and strain may be described as follows in the case of a metal bar under tension.
"Elastic modulus" is a material property that indicates the strength or elasticity of the steel materials used for making mold parts. The elastic modulus is also called the "Young’s modulus" usually. The elastic modulus is the coefficient of proportionality between the "strain" and the "tensile stress" when the steel material is pulled.
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The Colts have yet to beat up on a bad team this year and are in a mist of a string of game against losing teams currently.
Young’s Modulus (Modulus of Elasticity) Ultimate tensile strength (106 N/m2 MPa) 110 170 (compression) 250 170 (compression) 220. Steel, stainless aisi 302 steel, Structural ASTM-A36 Steel, high strength alloy ASTM A-514 Tantalum Teflon. PTFE Thorium Tin
The young’s modulus of steel very because steel has different types of grade like low carbon steels, high carbon steels. this quantity decrease with increase in carbon contained and vice-versa. but as for example A36 steel which is low carbon steel has the young modulus 200Gpa.
Chase Young. He sure would look good in a Miami Dolphins uniform. It is a long way to go before we get there, but my point.
Young’s modulus E = initial slope of t t curve = initial slope of n n curve. Yield stress y is the nominal stress at the limit of elasticity in a tensile test. Tensile strength ts is the nominal stress at maximum load in a tensile test.
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Author : Vikas Yachawad 1
Date of Publication :24th January 2018
Abstract: From the past some decades we dealt with several earthquakes, which proved that the influence of the effects induced due to the earthquake is severe in the irregular structure. As behavior and instance of these natural hazards are unpredictable, we can just design the structure which can resist the effects induced by them hence several codes have been developed to differentiate these type of vertical and horizontal irregularities. Some critical measure also given in these codes to deal with these type of irregularities. The objective of this study is to carry out the seismic analysis of vertically irregular buildings as per IS1893:2016 and compare the effects of those irregularities with the analysis results of the regular building structure. A regular and three stepped building with a different configuration has been taken for the analysis. Seismic analysis of those buildings has been carried out by using equivalent static analysis (ESA) and response spectrum analysis (RSA). Use of magnification factor has been taken into consideration to scale up the response spectrum analysis results up to the results of an equivalent static analysis. Regularity index for an irregular building has been calculated to compare modification in the time period of same irregular building over code specified time period and thereby modification in spectral acceleration and base shear. First mode participation factor and time period of an irregular building are found to be lesser than the regular building whereas the base shear of an irregular building is higher than the regular building.
- Banginwar, R. S., Vyawahare, M. R., and Modani, P.O. (2012). “Effect of Plans Configurations on the Seismic Behaviour of the Structure by Response Spectrum Method.” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications. , Vol.2(3). pp. 1439-1443.
- Bansal, H., and Gagandeep. (2012). “Seismic Analysis and Design of Vertically Irregular RC Building Frames.” International Journal of Science and Research. Vol.3(8). pp. 207-215.
- Bhosale, A. S., Davis R., and Sarkar, P. (2017). "Vertical Irregularity of Buildings:Regularity Index versus Seismic Risk." ASCE. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering. pp.189-195.
- Athanassiadou, C. J. (2007). “Seismic Performance of R/C Plane Frames Irregular in Elevation.” Engineering Structures. Vol.30. pp.1250-1261.
- Chintanapakdee, C., and Chopra, A. K. (2004). “Seismic Response of Vertically Irregular Frames: Response History and Modal Pushover Analyses.” ASCE. Journal of Structural Engineering. Vol. 130(8). pp. 1177-1185.
- Darshale, S. D., and Shelke, N. L. (2016). “Seismic Response Control of Vertically Irregular R.C.C. Structure using Base Isolation.” International Journal of Engineering Research. Vol. 5(2). pp. 683-689.
- Güler, K. (2014). “Performance Evaluation of a Vertically Irregular RC Building.” 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Beijing. China October 12-17.
- Harmankaya, Z. Y., and Soyluk, A. (2012). “Architectural Design of Irregular Buildings in Turkey.” International Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering. Vol. 12(01). pp. 42- 48.
- IS 875 Part 3 (1987). “Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and Structures- Imposed Loads” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
- S 875 Part 3 (2015). “Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and Structures- Imposed Loads” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.


Turn Wasted Space Into Solar Carport
In recent years Solar carports have gained popularity in the field of renewable energy.
Solar Carports let you take full advantage of large parking areas for the purpose of producing electricity while providing shaded or covered parking to every day use.
- Solar carports offer simplified and economical alternatives to complex and expensive roof mount systems.
- Solar carports Utilize existing parking areas to generate power without sacrificing valuable real estate.
- By utilizing Parking areas in addition to existing building roofs solar carports can vastly increase the overall energy production of your solar project.
- Permanent solar trellis and solar carports systems require little to no maintenance and allow easy access to panels for service and repair.
- Solar carports provide shaded or covered parking for autos.
Rethink How You Fuel Your Car
Electric vehicles (EV) are becoming increasing popular across the US. However, before there can be a widespread transition to electric car usage, a sufficient network of EV charging stations must be created in order to reduce range anxiety for potential owners. Property owners and managers may want to start thinking about including charging stations in their buildings, as being an early adapter can have its benefits, including: tenant attraction and retention, user charging and parking fees, employee attraction and retention, advertising opportunities, tax credits, value of avoided carbon emissions
Contact ReVamp Energy
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Toys, tools, wood, glue, wood design software and anything else that has to do with woodworking as a hobby or profession. This video demonstrates the Tekla Tedds Wood member design calculation to the National Design Specification for Wood Construction. A very fascinating use of beechwood was observed back in ancient times where Indo-European people used the barks of beech trees for religious writing-related purposes. The 3D modeling, state-of-the-art CAD capabilities and integrated design tools provide all the power needed to specify products and track vertical loads from ridge to foundation. The Wood Workshop is a free seamless texture editor that specializes in the creation of seamless wood textures.
Wood framing roof BIM software for Revit&174; for detailed design of prefabricated timber framed roof panel, truss & rafter systems. Software for Wood Packaging Engineers, Designers and End-Users. The program helps the user identify which of Boise Cascade’s engineered wood products meet the demands of the application. When you purchase the software, an email will be sent to you containing the authorization code. WoodEngine WoodEngine is MiTek’s powerful timber frame detailing software package PAMIR PAMIR combines Layout, Engineering, Output and 3D tools into a single fully integrated application. and those designing with sheet metal or wood may. Wood provides performance-driven solutions throughout the asset life cycle, from concept to decommissioning across a broad range of industrial markets, including the upstream, midstream and downstream oil & gas, power & process, environment and infrastructure, clean energy, mining, nuclear, and general industrial sectors. Wood Framing Roof lets Revit&174; users instantly create prefabricated wood frame roof panels, wooden truss and/or rafter systems of any shape or complexity, perform structural analysis, and generate custom shop drawings.
It was especially useful laying out kitchen cabinets with all the clearances for the panels in the grooves and for the rabbets. Wood truss construction drawings shall be prepared by a registered and licensed engineer as per IRC Sec. 17 Wood Truss Design Software Free 17 Wood Truss Design Software Free is a software selection with 34 downloads. I vote for the Sketchup option. After the analysis has been run, the user can create an easy to read PDF design report that wood design software clearly shows important span and load information as well as the analysis results. Updated– December. Automatic generation of Furniture design industry-tailored BOM (Bill of Materials).
Welcome wood design software back to sketchup 101. When you install the software, it will wood design software run in the Trial mode. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology,. Truss Specialists can design and manufacture wood roof trusses and. APA Performance Rated Panels, glulam, I-joists and other engineered wood products can be used in wood design software floor, wall, and roof systems, in commercial buildings, ranging from schools and public buildings to large warehouse complexes and. &0183;&32;Cutting Board Design wood design software Software Viewer Project - By Jay Added on wood design software This project is a bit different, as it is actually a piece of software, designed and submitted by Jay.
The truss designs and wood design software calculations provided by this online tool. The most lightweight of them are 3DVIA Shape (sized. (BIM is an acronym for Building Information Modeling). &0183;&32;Solid design software will help you not only put wood design software together spectacular creative work, but also run your business smoothly behind the scenes. MBA MiTek’s suite of business systems software provides tools tailor made to ensure the smooth running of the modern timber engineering business. 2D Design & Documentation.
Its strengths are the ease of use, versatility and dynamic interaction of the software to the user's changes. . DISCLAIMER: The Canadian Wood Council’s Design Tools have been developed for information purposes only.
The Pallet Design System™ (PDS) is a product specification tool, an engineering design tool, a professional marketing tool, and an educational tool – all contained in an easy to use software package developed for the wood pallet industry. is a program of the Canadian Wood Council that supports a wood culture by connecting individuals, sharing best practices and celebrating innovative successes. here's a good place to start. Javelin&174; software allows Weyerhaeuser designers or engineers to build a complete model of the entire structural frame. .
Engineer everything on ONE AutoCAD 3D Platform. CAD details are available in DWG, DWF, DXF and PDF format. &0183;&32;Tsugite: Interactive Design and Fabrication of Wood Joints. EVERYTHING. One of the biggest qualities of beech wood is that it is ‘odorless’ which makes it an excellent choice for bedroom furniture especially if you hate the smell of wood.
Please submit links to how-to pages and videos, pictures of beautiful and. &0183;&32;The Pallet Design System™ (PDS) is a product specification tool, an engineering design tool, a professional marketing tool, and an educational tool – all contained in an easy to use software package developed for the wood pallet industry. &0183;&32;Digital wood design with Calculatis – where an ancient building material wood design software meets innovative software Published 15 September Combining one of the oldest materials in the world with the most modern digital technology enables wood construction to reach new heights. . Unified hardware items library with automated component placement, automatic sculpt and subtraction for hole fittings and connection wood design software joints. Along with standard boats, some software also lets you design yachts and ships. Subsea systems transporting liquids and gases together as multiphase flow.
Canadian Wood Council 99 Bank Street, Suite 400, Ottawa Ontario, K1P 6B. Complete your steel, concrete, timber, aluminum, and cold-formed steel projects, on. Whether you’re a seasoned professional woodworker or a casual hobbyist working on DIY woodworking projects, SketchList 3D gives you the tools you need to build stunning pieces quickly and wood design software affordably. User-friendly and provided at wood design software no wood design software cost, it’s the wood design software ideal tool to help builders optimize product selection. Over wood design software 50% of all wood. Finn Wood Design specializes in unique wood products for your home and lifestyle. Able to operate natively on Mac and Windows systems, ProKitchen provides a comprehensive.
Here is a list of best free boat design software for Windows. Full Name* Company. Vertex BD is a professional BIM software for wood and cold-formed steel framing that automates your design wood design software and manufacturing processes. wood design software With PreDesign you'll have the data you need to wood design software weave contextual insights into your project before you start in wood design software 3D. Free Steel and Wood Beam Design.
It comes with a collection of over 100 preset wood textures, all perfectly seamless and ready to go at resolutions up to 3000 x wood design software 3000! A combination design tool, trigonometry wizard, and construction aid. Get design recommendations based on weather and building type. They use state-of-the-art Alpine Engineered Products truss design wood design software software to produce colored placement plans and truss drawings for each truss on your project. Love the pencil and paper, but there's got to be a better approach. The program is tailored for LP SolidStart I-Joists, LVL and LSL products.
As one of Kent's leading loft conversion companies, we pride ourselves on the quality of our service from design to completion. Imagine infinite possibilities in 3D with our custom deck design software. ProKitchen was developed to provide designers, retailers and manufacturers with an innovative and competitive design software solution. 2 and designed according to the minimum requirements of ANSI/TPI 1-.
Although all possible efforts have been made to ensure that the information on these tools is accurate, the CWC cannot under any circumstances guarantee the completeness, accuracy or exactness of the information. Span tables and other software resources from industry groups and manufacturers that assist in designing construction in compliance wood design software with codes such as AS 1684. For more flexibility, look for home design software that wood design software supports importing even more objects from SketchUp, Trimble 3D Warehouse, or both.
Get season insights, shading, glazing ratio, and top lighting recommendations to point your project in the right direction. Do you have a set of software you use and love? Kitchen Design Software wood design software ideally switched to any of the kitchen room plans in diverse layouts such as. With CAD Pro you can design complete wood furniture jobs including cabinet boxes, dovetail drawers, doors, raised panel designs, face frames and much more! It was a lot of effort to maintain the list, keeping the links up to date and so on, and I wasn’t doing a very good job of it. STD is the tool for. Wood After years of providing the “Woodworking Software Master List”, I decided to retire it when the site underwent a major renovation in mid.
17 Wood Truss Design Software Free CutePHP. wood design software After the analysis has been run, the user can create an easy-to-read PDF design report that clearly shows important span and load information as well as the analysis results. Primary design software program includes generic span tables for various building elements (excluding verandah beams) enabling wood design software users to select sizes and load conditions to generate suitable member sizes and grades. If you've never used sketchup before. iX is a World Class, AutoCAD-based woodworking engineering and manufacturing wood design software software.
&0183;&32;The STD software is a tool to aid the wood design software design of wooden structures created by the wood design software structural designer to meet the needs of daily work. Welcome to Wood Design. TRUSS4 offers complete processing of a project from truss design and quotation to manufacturing documentation and automatically generated outputs for. After 30 days, the software will not start unless an authorization code has been entered. C and J Wood Design uses ProKitchen technology to provide an accurate image of what your kitchen is going to look like.
Compare Contact Planit. CAD Details APACad. An wood design software interactive drawing area allows you to design complex, multi-span beams in minutes. With a long list of happy customers, most of our work comes from word of mouth. The program helps the user identify which of Boise Cascade’s engineered wood products (EWP) meet the demands of the application.
The Wood Whisperer wood design software wood design software abides by word of mouth marketing standards and holds integrity in the highest regard. Get more information. However, you cannot create a complete boat structure with these, but you can still create the outer structures like hull, mast, deck, etc. Regionalized wood design software programs throughout Canada working towards advancing the use of wood in commercial, industrial and institutional construction. Design multi-span beams with complex loads with WebStructural's intuitive interface. Home › Design › Deck Design Tool.


What do consulting engineers do? Architects and facility owners hire consulting engineers to draw system plans and write specifications for their buildings; including, (but not limited to), electrical, heating, ventilating, air conditioning, plumbing), fire protection, structural, and civil. Electrical systems, (for example), include: utilities serving the building (power, telephone, cable TV & fire alarm); lighting; power distribution; fire alarm systems; telephone distribution; cable TV distribution; and any other electrical system that the particular building might require. The consulting engineer is responsible for designing within the architect’s/owner’s budget limitations; and coordinating with the requirements of utility companies and inspection authorities. At the end of the design phase the consultant prepares a specification document, detailing the material requirements and system functions. During bidding he attends pre-bid meetings, clarifies issues for his trade, and prepares addenda to be issue to inform bidders of changes in the requirements. After a contract is awarded, the consultant reviews/approves shop drawings detailing all equipment that the contractor proposes. During the construction phase he visits the job site to record progress and clarifies the contract documents. At the completion of the construction phase he prepares a “punch-list” detailing corrections to the work, if needed.
- Interesting Work – Each project is unique with specific requirements, existing conditions, options and cost constraints.
- Participation in all aspects – You create (your engineering specialty) of a project, from the study through design, approvals, bidding, shop drawings, clarifications, construction observations, and the final “punch list”. You actually see the project go from a blank sheet of paper to a constructed, one of a kind project that you can see and touch.
- Not stuck behind a desk – Some of your day will be made up of meetings with clients, vendors, colleagues, utility companies, and contractors and others; field investigation; and job site observations.
- You are in an adversarial position – Your oversight of a project is to make sure that the owner gets the equivalent of what you specified. The contractor typically wants you to accept an inferior product; your client expects you to protect the building owner’s interest and the owner often wants better than what you specified.
- The Construction Industry is “cyclical” – If you’re good at your job, you will usually be working. But, if a recession it too deep or lasts too long, you may find yourself unemployed.
- Dead-line Pressure – Deadlines are constantly changing and often there are multiple projects pressing for your for attention. Overtime and sorting-out the top priorities can be stressful.
- Profitably Pressure – Everyone in business is driven by a profit motive; even consulting engineering firms. No matter how good that you are at your job, if you can’t make a profit for the company, you will not last.
- Too Much Work – Consulting engineering firms are reluctant to turn-down projects because they can never tell when current projects will be delayed and they may have spent a year or more waiting for a project that suddenly gets the go-ahead. That creates more stress for you.
- Too Little Work – Conversely too little work is even more stressful; it almost never seems like the work load is steady.
- You’re the “bad guy” – During construction, the owner sees you occasionally, but usually sees the contractor every day and friendships are formed. Before you know it, in protecting the owner’s interest, you are being too hard on his friend.
Do you want to learn more?
Read the details in the new book The “Complete Guide” to CONSULTING ENGINEERING, by John D. Gaskell, Retired Professional Engineer. Go to TheEngineersResource.com and use coupon code “paperback” and save.


wire mesh machine| 3-6mm automatic mesh welding machine
3-6mm automatic mesh welding machine Advantages:
1. The barbed wire fence machine is equipped with a straightening cylinder to directly feed the wire into the disk, realizing automation, eliminating the need for cutting off the straightening in advance and manual placement, saving time, equipment and labor.
2. Touch screen operation, easy to learn, add self-stop alarm function, the machine will automatically stop abnormal.
3. The mesh welding machine has its own mesh cutter, which can cut the mesh automatically when reaching the set length and automatically catch the net.
4. The fence making machine can be automatically produced after debugging, with no stopping time, and only one worker can look at it.
3-6mm automatic mesh welding machine
1. The width of welding mesh is 1.2m to 1.5m
2. The diameter of welded steel bar is 3mm-6mm
3. Number of solder joints: adjustable
4. Welding times: 50-60 times/min
5. Welding longitudinal bar spacing: 100-150 mm (adjustable)
- Heavy Pneumatic Mesh Welding Machine
- Automatic Construction Mesh Welding Machine
- Automatic Net Winding Machine
- Automatic Coal Mine Mesh Welding Machine
- Vacuum Cleaners, Gasoline-Powered Industrial Vacuum Cleaners
- Adjust Drawing Equipment
- A Forklift
- Adjust The Cutting Machine
- The Wire Drawing Machine
- Move Pendulum Wire Mesh Machine
- Construction of Manual Wire Threading Machine
- Tunnel Manual Wire Threading Machine
- Manual Wire Threading Machine In Coal Mine
- Automatic Tunnel Mesh Welding Machine


“Labour and National have today voted against adding infrastructure funding to their joint housing bill”, says ACT Leader David Seymour.
“ACT today asked the Environment Committee to write to the Business Committee requesting that the Resource Management (Enabling Housing Supply and Other Matters) Amendment Bill become an omnibus bill so changes to infrastructure funding can be added.
“Our motion was voted down.
“Labour and National’s half-baked housing bill can’t succeed without adequate infrastructure funding.
“New Zealanders deserve better than Labour and National rushing it through Parliament under the cover of COVID-19 and Christmas.
“If Labour and National continue to rush the legislation, and changes aren’t made, the secret housing deal risks becoming KiwiBuild 2.0.
“Builders and councils say the real shortage is infrastructure – councils can’t afford it. It doesn't matter how many houses could be theoretically built if there’s no connections. Without more infrastructure, there won't be more houses in total, they'll just be in different places.
“ACT understands that building new homes comes with infrastructure costs. We have proposed local councils receive a payment equivalent to 50 per cent of the GST for every new dwelling constructed in its territory. This provides an incentive for councils to enable building and a means of covering infrastructure costs.
“We should also be tapping into private sector investment to fund new projects faster and at less cost. By using PPPs, the Government can limit the cost and risk taken on by taxpayers and councils.
“ACT wants to support good policy to solve the housing crisis. We can’t support the legislation as it currently stands. We urge Labour and National to take this opportunity to do what’s right and make urgently needed improvements to this policy. If not, they should dump it altogether.”


reading 2 minutes Published by
CENTER COUNTY, Pa. (WTAJ) – The State College Area Connector Project is moving forward.
The final planning and environmental linkage report, also known as the PEL study, was released this week by PennDOT.
The PEL study examined what transportation improvements could be made in southern Center County and why they are needed.
This included examining how existing road and traffic conditions contribute to safety concerns in the study area and how the road network in the study area lacks continuity.
“Now that we’re moving and recommending the final PEL, we’re going to take all of that information and narrow it down to three corridors,” said District Portfolio Manager Eric Murnyack. “We’re going to take that and refine it to make sure what we’re putting on the map is actually there. So now it’s: “On the ground of facts.”
Currently, three possible routes for the project are narrowed down.
Murnyack said the next step for the project would be more spring public meetings focused on the National Environmental Policy Act Process.
In a press release, PennDOT said they expect to continue field testing of environmental features at the new study area. As part of the NEPA phase, PennDOT will refine alternative corridors to minimize impact. In addition, traffic models are updated to refine the orientation and configuration of the interchanges.
Receive daily updates on local news, weather and sports by signing up for the WTAJ newsletter
You can read the full results of the study here.


Kolkata is one of the oldest cities in India and it has hundreds of buildings which are older than 50 years. Being built on outdated technology and standing in a heavily moist climate the roof of these house gets highly affected and starts leaking water, says Mr.Koushik Sarker, the Asian Paints Waterproofing Contractor in Kolkata.
With effective yet budget-friendly waterproofing solutions, you can protect these structures from deterioration and maintain their integrity. So, here are some of the most efficient methods by roof waterproofing contractor Kolkata based on the age, condition and your budget.
Coatings and Sealants: Applying elastomeric coatings or sealants on the concrete surface creates a protective barrier against water penetration. These flexible coatings can expand and contract with the building, ensuring durability. However, this method is good when you have leakage in a very small area, like pipe joint.
Water Repellents: Hydrophobic treatments repel water by causing it to bead and roll off the surface, preventing absorption into the concrete pores. Silane, siloxane, or silicone-based repellents are commonly used. Though as per our Asian Paints waterproofing contractor in Kolkata, it may not be very ideal method where human traffic is present, and it’s costly as well.
Concrete Layer Method
A thin layer of concrete is applied all over the roof that helps to protect water seepage. However, this method increases the load on the existing roof and may not be good for fragile roofs. On that case, as said by our roof waterproofing contractor Kolkata, you have to opt for other methods.
There are brands that produce highly cost effective and long lasting waterproofing paint that is a very good and low cost option to prevent roof water leakage issue. As recommended by our Asian Paints waterproofing paint contractor in Kolkata, applying this paint in scientific process can help you getting rid of water leakage issue for about 10 years or even more. It also works as a heatproofing coating on your house to reduce head in your rooms during the summer. However, the success of this method lies in the knowledge of the contractor and his applying method.
There are older buildings in Kolkata that has very bad slope which causes stagnant water issue. It eventually seeps through the concrete and damages the life of the roof. So, ensuring proper roof slope to direct water towards drainage outlets, preventing ponding and pooling of water, can be one of the best solutions.
As Mr. Koushik Sarker said, there are several old houses which has crack issue on their roof and wall. While some are caused due to improper load, heavy construction works around the building, soil shrinkage issue and several other reasons. So, depending upon the reason, at times, repairing the cracks can work perfectly for such old buildings.
It’s always recommended to consult with professionals to find out the right solution as every building is different and one solution may not be suitable for the other. Stop increasing risk by employing the local missionary workers as they don’t have that scientific depth which results in reappearing of the issue after a couple of years.
Remember, the choice of waterproofing solution should consider the building’s specific needs, climate, budget, and the extent of damage. Regular maintenance and periodic inspections are crucial to ensure the effectiveness of the waterproofing system over time.


The Port and City of Bellingham have formed a strategic partnership to redevelop the Waterfront District which includes significant public investments in environmental cleanup, infrastructure, public access, public open space and marine infrastructure. The public investments are intended to stimulate a much larger private investment. While substantial, most of the public investment will be phased over time and only spent as necessary to serve proposed development and increase public access to the waterfront.
Port & City Funding The Port is paying for most of the environmental cleanup and the development of all marine infrastructure. In addition, the Port will provide to the City such property as may be necessary for the development of infrastructure, public access, parks, and open space. The Port plans to recover this investment in the Waterfront District through the future sale or lease of property. The City is paying for streets, parks, and utilities and will recover this investment from revenue gained by increased property values on the waterfront.


Made of Douglas Fir, these are used as floating platforms for construction purposes, primarily for marine construction activity. What differentiates float stages from other types of mats or timber platforms is the wood that is used. Douglas Fir is used because of its buoyancy: this allows the mat to float while holding equipment, work crews, etc., as well as being easily accessible by water. This cost-effective and durable product provides stability to wet job sites, temporary access to roads, as well as a temporary work-site platform. It can also be used outside of the water to create a barrier between ships and their cargo as well as transport for heavy equipment.


Bitumen is an oil based substance. It is a semi-solid hydrocarbon product produced by removing the lighter fractions (such as liquid petroleum gas, petrol and diesel) from heavy crude oil during the refining process. As such, it is correctly known as refined bitumen.
The vast majority of refined bitumen is used in construction primarily as a constituent of products used in paving and roofing applications. According to the requirements of the end use bitumen is produced to specification. This is achieved either by refining process or blending. Bitumen in service (in the road, on the roof, ... ) is an inert material and represents no hazard to human health.


Want extra protection for your asphalt surfaces? Call Cornstubble Asphalt LLC today for a sealcoating service. We'll create a layer of protection for the asphalt at your residential or commercial property by applying a thin liquid layer on top. Proper asphalt sealcoating offers protection from UV rays, weathering and vehicle fluids which damage asphalt over time.
Protect your asphalt from future damage. Call us today to schedule an asphalt sealcoating service in Spring Arbor & Jackson, MI or the surrounding areas.
The sealcoating services we provide keep you in mind. A better driving surface is only three steps away with our simple process:
1. We do a very thorough cleaning that includes edging all grass then using a POWER BROOM to clean followed by blowing off the entire area prior to beginning our work
2. We do crack repair using hot rubber and other materials such as asphalt and sand.
3. Our team applies a thick layer of sealcoating solution to your asphalt by hand
4. The coat takes hold as it dries
In just 24 hours, you'll have years of protection for your driving surface. Get your asphalt protected now by calling 517-240-5605.


The VMC Series is a system for the continuous and controlled renewal of air in an internal environment.
Thanks to the efficiency of the heat recovery unit, it helps to reduce heat loss, decreasing costs for both heating and cooling.
It also filters the air and guarantees its salubrity, both by limiting the accumulation of pollutants in the recirculated air and by improving the quality of the air taken from outside.
It is ideal for modern, energy-efficient homes that are highly insulated, in order to avoid problems of humidity and mold, and in building renovations in order to reduce energy consumption and improve indoor air quality.
The VMC range also includes innovative and certified humidifiers in order to keep the indoor air healthy also in winter and to safeguard prestigious furnishings.


Wednesday 7 March 2018
Introducing Leapfrog Works
Leapfrog Works is a revolutionary solution for understanding, visualising and communicating ground conditions. It is the only 3D subsurface modelling solution specifically designed for the Civil Engineering and Environmental industries.
As part of an ecosystem of user-centric solutions, Leapfrog helps reduce risk and keeps your projects on time and on budget by enabling better decision making.
“We are delighted that we can now bring a solution specifically developed for the Civil Engineering and Environmental markets. We have deep expertise in making sure our software evolves continuously to support geologists, hydrogeologists, geotechnical engineers and environmental scientists to name a few, to solve real challenges and help their companies save time and money,” Seequent’s General Manager of Civil and Environmental Daniel Wallace says.
“Leapfrog Works stands out in the market because it’s paving the way in the Civil Engineering and Environmental sector. It’s a solution built for the industry, in collaboration with key industry experts,” says Wallace.
Leapfrog Works’ 3D geological models can be integrated with engineering designs or flow models, giving users the clarity and insight on how the geology will affect a project.
With digital transformation being a continued hot topic in the industry, Seequent are taking the bold step in advocating for technological advancement in order to create a sustainable future for the industry.
“The industry is undergoing a cultural shift towards digitisation and collaborative working. Leapfrog Works allows clients to see the bigger picture, and have the clarity and confidence to make better design and construction decisions; whether it’s for a road, a building, a dam, or a tunnel,” says Wallace.
So what’s different about Leapfrog Works?
Leapfrog Works is specifically designed for the Civil Engineering and Environment markets. It harnesses the power of the Leapfrog 3D engine, and repurposes it for the industry.
Leapfrog Works interfaces and exchanges information with diverse digital design and Building Information Modelling (BIM) and geotechnical database platforms. The optional hydrogeology solution kit also integrates with flow simulation packages.
And it offers flexible licencing options, making it accessible to everyone in the industry.
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CONCRETE WEIGHT COATING (CWC)
Concrete Weight Coating
- CWC is a plant-applied coating used to achieve negative buoyancy for offshore pipelines or river/road crossing applications
- Bayou uses a compression wrap process which keeps the anticorrosion coating free of damage. Concrete is applied by wrapping a uniform layer while simultaneously wrapping reinforcing wire within the concrete coating for stability
- A calculated mixture of cement, sand, iron ore and wire wrap is applied to a predetermined thickness level
- Bayou’s CWC system is typically used in conjunction with other coating systems such as FBE and 3LP
- Bayou offers integrated anode installation to maintain the integrity of the cathodic protection system.
- Bayou also uses various methods to avoid slippage between the concrete layer and anti-corrosion coating, such as adding a rough-coat layer or applying a 2-component epoxy adhesive to bond the concrete to the coated surface
- Bayou has a containerized mobile CWC plant that offers CWC application in close proximity to the project site.
- Bayou has coated over 4.5 million ft. of pipe with CWC to date
- 6 in. min to 48 in. max OD
- Pipe lengths: 35 ft. min to 45 ft. max
- Density range: 140#, 165#, 190#, 210#
Click here to download Bayou’s Product Brochure
CONTACT US TODAY
Our team is ready to help you.


We accomplish concrete and installation works of granite gravestones made by our manufacturers. The concrete of the order M-200 and the armature of 10-20mm are applied to these constructions. The required depth of the concrete of a burial place with a tombstone reaches 80-100cm. For a construction of a grave fence whose surface is later covered with a chosen material the concrete of 9cm in with and 30cm of depth is built. In other cases, the concrete works depends on the relief of a burial place and the products of granite.


Projects & Reports
Current projects are listed on the What's New page.
There are no current reports available at this time.
Request for Qualifications
LAB II - Second Floor Building Renovation - August 7, 2013 2:00pm
Perform professional Architectural\Engineering consulting services for the renovation of LAB II - second floor laboratories and interdisciplinary classrooms. The renovation includes modifying the existing 12,840 square foot space and updating infrastructure and accessibility requirements. The selected consultant will work collaboratively with the project design committee, faculty, and Facilities Services
Lab II 2nd Floor RFQ (RFQ)
Lecture Hall Building Renovation - August 14, 2013 2:00pm
Perform professional Architectural\Engineering consulting services for the renovation of the existing Lecture Hall Building Renovation. The renovation includes modifying the existing 24,208 square foot building and adding approximating 4,500 square feet of new construction. The building currently houses five lecture classrooms, phone center and an emergency response command post. The selected consultant will work collaboratively with the project design committee, faculty, and Facilities Services.Lecture Hall RFQ (RFQ)
Submittal RequestsProjects currently bidding are posted on the Builder's Exchange website at www.bxwa.com.
Instructions: From the site, select Posted Projects, then Public Works, then Agree to terms and conditions, and then select The Evergreen State College link.


Navajo Technical University Campus Master Plan: Chinle, AZ
Currently operating a small Instructional Site in Chinle, Arizona in addition to several regional campuses, Navajo Technical University (NTU) has started development on a new 38 acre campus. The Chinle Campus is at the heart of the Navajo Nation and has the potential to eventually become a leading presence for the University. By providing a comprehensive Master Plan for the campus, this will become the framework that will support NTU's expansion in serving the present and future students.
IDS+A worked closely with the NTU task force to develop the master plan and establish a strategy for the development of the campus. This process began with gathering information about the site, investigating the existing utility infrastructure, information from the owner on needs for the campus and future development. Site access and circulation was studied and a direction chosen. The Master Development Plan is the representation of NTU’s vision to develop a new educational and residential environment for faculty and students. Educational, Administrative, Social Spaces, Housing, Outdoor, and Support spaces will be strategically woven into the fabric of the campus resulting in an ultimate build out plan for the campus. Design Guidelines were developed to direct future development and to establish components such as building materials and landscape for the outdoor features of the Campus. Above all, campus planning will show how the campus can grow from the first building into the future overall development of the campus.
Owner: Navajo Technical University | Location: Chinle, AZ
INDIGENOUS DESIGN STUDIO + ARCHITECTURE | Prime Architect
SMPC ARCHITECTS | Support Architect


Street Department crews repair, construct and install street signs, surface markings and signal systems, which include traffic signals and school warning lights. Even though, a traffic signal is in the city it may not be a city controlled signal. For a list of Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) controlled signals and a list of city controlled signals please see additional information below.
Report a Problem
If you would like to report a yield sign, stop sign or traffic signal that is not working please contact the Street Department at 903-892-7254 Monday through Friday from 7:00 am to 4:00 pm. If it is after hours please call 903-892-7258. To report a TxDOT traffic signal that is not working please contact the local TxDOT office at 903-892-6529. To report all other sign or marking issues, to include damaged, missing or defaced signs, please feel free to use our online request form.


5 Shovel-Ready Projects for Stimulus Packages
Post COVID-19 economic stimulus will come from local, state and the Australian Governments and major businesses spending to accelerate the delivery of maintenance and projects. Compared to complex mega-projects, shovel-ready small and medium size projects delivered across a large area will ensure that projects are quickly delivered and the benefits distributed to many communities.
Traffic and planning consultants, GTA, recently defined shovel-ready projects as having the following features:
- Rapid readiness
- Scalability and/or programmability
- Job Creation
- Local Procurement
- Multiplier Effect
- Social and Environmental Outcomes
With those principles in mind, SmarterLite and OmniGrip Direct can work with Councils and State Government’s to deliver a range of programs that will provide economic stimulus spending and contribute to local, state and federal policies for safety and the environment. We’ve listed some ideas for programs of shovel ready projects below.
1. High Friction Surface Treatment (Skid Resistance) Program to improve safety on regional highways and urban intersections
High Friction Surface Treatments (HFST) like OmniGrip HF are a proven road safety treatment that reduces run-off road and rear-end crashes, as well as many types of wet-weather crashes. Internationally, it is reported that it can reduce wet-weather crashes by up to 80%.
With reduced spending likely for road safety in coming years as major programs like barriers come to an end, preventative measures like HFST come into their own. Known as “soft infrastructure” HFST can be quickly applied at a large scale across the network. Because it is a type of resurfacing program, it is not hamstrung by requirements for approvals, consultation and public engagement.
- bends on country roads, such as roads winding through hilly and mountainous regions. The high-country of New South Wales and Victoria are obvious examples, as well as the Adelaide Hills, Otways and Goldcoast Hinterland.
- bends on urban and rural roads through underpasses
- approaches to pedestrian crossings and school crossings, as is standard practice in the UK
- approaches to major intersections.
2. Build New Bicycle Lanes and Replace Painted Green Surfaces in Existing Bike Lanes
During COVID-19 related lock-downs, bike shops have recorded record sales. As many people return to bicycle riding as a way of getting around, it seems there will be much higher demand for on-road bicycle facilities that enable riders of all abilities to feel safe and confident when riding.
Local and State Governments are increasingly realising the benefits of durable coloured safety surfaces like OmniGrip CST over green paint and grit surfaces for green bike lanes.
Cycling Victoria…opposes the continued use of green painted bicycle lanes because of the risk to a rider’s safety in damp, wet or dusty conditions.Craig Eastwood, General Manager, Cycling Victoria
The case is even stronger if stimulus grants from the Federal Government subsidise the capital cost of building new bicycle lanes. Whereas paints may last only a few years under traffic, OmniGrip CST will last around eight years. With Australian Government funding not likely to be available when the green surface is to be renewed, Councils will be better off using any stimulus payments from State and Federal Governments to apply long-life durable resin and recycled-glass for the green surface of their bicycle lanes.
3. Apply Safer Surfaces for Pedestrian and School Crossings Around All Schools
Yellow slip-resistant surfaces for pedestrian crossings not only improve safety for pedestrians, they increase the visibility of the crossing to approaching drivers and riders. That’s why yellow OmniGrip CST is used at intersections, where right-turning drivers may forgot to look or not see a pedestrian on the road when the driver is actively looking for oncoming cars. The bright yellow crossings is a visual reminder of the potential presence of pedestrians.
When used on mid-block pedestrian crossings and school crossings, yellow surfaces on crossings increase their visibility by being directly in the line of sight of approaching drivers and riders.
As with bicycle lanes, resin based surfaces like OmniGrip CST are much more durable under traffic and will retain their slip-resistance for longer than painted surfaces. Councils can maximise the benefit of any State or Federal stimulus payment to apply durable OmniGrip CST, which will last around eight years.
OmniGrip Direct can deliver a yellow OmniGrip CST program to pedestrian crossings and school crossings along busy roads and around schools, improving safety for adults and children walking in their community.
4. Renew and Refresh Strip Shopping Centres
Many smaller retails businesses are struggling while COVID-19 restrictions are in place. Renewal of suburban strip shopping centres is a way for Councils to assist local retail businesses by improving the appeal of their centres.
OmniGrip Direct has worked with Councils such as Glen Eira City Council and Manningham City Council to renew shopping centres and laneways using recycled glass in OmniGrip Deco and OmniGrip CST. Surface improvement projects can refresh an otherwise tired centre or a plain lane, whilst also covering cracks and reducing slipping hazards. The project can quickly be completed after-hours, or while COVID-19 restrictions remain in place, to minimise their impact on trade.
5. Improving Pedestrian Safety at Intersections with Traffic Signals
Vivacity LED Safety Tactiles (TGSI) improve the visibility of the red and green ‘man’ at traffic signals, and reduce the likelihood that pedestrians that are either distracted or short-sighted will walk into the path of oncoming motor vehicles. With support from the Victorian Government via a trial on Swanston Street in central Melbourne, Vivacity and OmniGrip Direct have finessed and refined the design for Australian conditions.
Research has shown that pedestrians feel safer at crossings with Vivacity LED Safety Tactiles, and find them easier to see than standard pedestrian lights. The tactiles are connected to the existing traffic lights so they are exactly synchronised. The tactiles can be supplied to Council’s requirements in a range of colours so that the background tile contrasts or matches the existing footpath colours.
OmniGrip Direct can install Vivacity LED Safety Tactiles through shopping centres, transport interchanges, university campuses or along shopping strips, helping pedestrians feel safer when walking to local businesses.
Immediate and Ongoing Benefits
OmniGrip’s safety solutions can be quickly applied and will deliver immediate community benefits. Whether it be OmniGrip HF’s 40-80% reduction in crashes, or using OmniGrip recycled-glass or recycled-rubber surfaces to deliver both environmental and safety benefits, the community will gain immediately. In addition to OmniGrip Direct, materials suppliers, linemarkers, traffic management companies and local businesses and their staff will benefit from vital stimulus activity.
For more information about how OmniGrip Direct can contribute to a stimulus program in your community, please speak to our Customer Support Team and check out our product information pages.
For enquiries about installing Vivacity LED Safety Tactiles please call Gary Commane on 0408 583 710.


Site Preparation for Black-Box Theatre to Begin Next Week
Feb. 17, 2011
FLORENCE, Ala. – The University of North Alabama will begin construction soon on its new black-box theatre, to be built at the south end of Norton Auditorium at the corner of Irvine Avenue and Pine Street. Butler Construction Company will begin mobilizing the site Feb. 21. Completion of the project is expected by February 2012.
For a safe and operable work site, a construction zone will be established around the construction area for the duration of the project. In addition, the westbound lane of Irvine Avenue between Court and Pine streets will be closed for the duration of the project. The eastbound lane will remain open. Access to the Norton Auditorium loading dock will be available when necessary.
A map of the black-box construction zone at Norton Auditorium is available at www.una.edu/facilities/construction. Additional information on the project will be posted periodically.


Workshop: D.C. Leads the Way on Microgrids
When: Monday, July 11, 2016
Where: U.S. Green Building Council, 2101 L Street NW, 5th Floor, Washington, DC 20037
As demand for highly sustainable and resilient energy systems increases, developers, energy managers, businesses and local leaders are in constant need of tools that can keep up with market demand. Join us for a workshop on how Washington, D.C. hopes to improve the city’s energy grid through a renewed microgrid implementation strategy.
Throughout the day, hear from key decision makers and stakeholders within the energy sector on improvement methods including the PEER rating system, a tool for developers, regulators, city agencies, energy companies and owners as they assemble individual plans and larger citywide plans for energy systems. You will also engage in a Q&A and small-group activities.
We are proudly supported by Urban Ingenuity, advisor to other microgrid development efforts in the District of Columbia and Mid-Atlantic region, and currently exploring the feasibility of microgrids across the District in a study supported by the District Department of Energy and Environment’s Green Building Fund.


Project approved under the Small Communities Fund
July, 31 2015
PARRY SOUND – Residents here will benefit from Emily St. watermain and sanitary sewer upgrades thanks to funding from the Government of Canada through the Small Communities Fund, said Parry Sound-Muskoka Member of Parliament, Tony Clement.
This project will include new watermains, sanitary sewers, a storm sewer system and associated road work. Once completed, the upgrades will modernize Emily Street’s drainage system while providing an opportunity to improve road infrastructure for the safety and security of motorists and pedestrian alike.
The $1-billion Small Communities Fund provides funding for priority public infrastructure projects that deliver on local needs. Canada will provide $272 million to support projects in communities across the province with fewer than 100,000 residents. This funding will help address local priorities, supporting job creation and economic growth, thus sustaining a high quality of life in small communities across Ontario for years to come. The project is in conjunction with the Province of Ontario.
The Government of Canada will provide up to $762,666 through the Small Communities Fund for the project.
Total eligible cost for the project is $2,288,000.
“We are pleased to invest in projects like this that will benefit Parry Sound by improving much needed local infrastructure. Our Government’s commitment to municipalities, big and small, has never been stronger. Through the New Building Canada Plan Small Communities Fund we are investing in priority infrastructure projects that have a strong impact on the quality of life of Ontario’s residents while helping job creation and economic growth,” said MP Clement.
To learn more about the Government of Canada’s infrastructure programs, including the Small Communities Fund, please visit http://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/plan/nbcp-npcc-eng.html.
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Structural Glazing Tapes
Thermalbond® is the world’s most recognized brand of structural glazing spacer. Thermalbond glazing spacers are designed for use in structural silicone glazing systems where there is direct contact with the silicone adhesive. Thermalbond structural glazing spacers temporarily fasten the glass to the frame, allowing movement of units through the shop. The open air cell structure provides for rapid curing of the silicone adhesive.
Thermalbond® V2200 spacer tapes are available in a wide range of thicknesses and configurations in black or grey. It utilises high-strength acrylic adhesive on one or both sides of the foam. The double-sided adhesive configuration delivers secure temporary bonding. This ensures the stability of the glazing components during the silicone curing cycle. V2200 spacer tapes are available in a light grey colour for silicone matching in new facade designs.
Thermalbond has a third-party verified life cycle assessment (LCA). Since it helps to reduce heat transfer in curtain wall and window systems, Thermalbond is an integral component of structural glazing. The LCA, facilitated by Sustainable Solution Corporation, measures the products’ environmental impact and gives transparency to our customers. This is important as LEED requirements evolve to improve building sustainability.


Sanitary sewer lines and water lines are under construction on Dairy Lane.
Work is expected to be completed by December 2024.
Project #322 West Union Street Improvements
The purpose of the West Union Street Project is to improve: safety conditions, intersections, and accessibility. The project will also include improvements to City-owned water, sanitary, and storm utilities. The project limits are between the State Route 682 Bridge and the South Shafer Street Intersection. An extension of Herrold Avenue will be constructed to provide an alternative access to the West State Street Park, Ohio University Innovation Center, Stewart MacDonald, and other area businesses and facilities in order to improve safety, decrease congestion, and promote economic development. Work on West Union Street will start in March 2024, and is projected to be completed by December 2024.
The project limits are West Washington Street, between Congress Street and College Street, and State Street, between Congress Street and College Street. The project will tie into the newer features on Court Street, which underwent a pedestrian improvements project in phases between 1995 and 2007.
The purpose of the Athens Uptown Improvements Project, Phase 1, is to improve the safety of the area for bicycles and pedestrians and build off of the Pedestrian and Bicycle Plan, the Active Transportation Plan, and the City's Comprehensive Plan Update.
Construction plans are completed. Project construction is expected in summer of 2024.
Project #357 State Route 682 and State Route 56 Roundabout
The ATH-56-11.267 project will remove the existing traffic signal and construct a roundabout at the intersection of Union St. (S.R. 56) and (S.R. 682). The project will include drainage system adjustments, new intersection lighting, and pedestrian facilities along the corridor.
This project is projected to be bid in early 2025.
Project #358 Stimson Avenue Bridge Rehabilitation
This project consists of rehabilitation of the Stimson Avenue Bridge over the Hocking River. improvements include new deck and elastomeric bearings, conversion to semi-integral abutments, repainting existing superstructure, new approach slabs with roadway approach work, new lighting and aesthetics and a multi-use path across the bridge.
Design is in progress and this project is projected to bid late 2024.


The Belomor-Baltic Channel was constructed in 1931–1933; its total length is 227 km, of which 48 were created artificially. The system includes 19 floodgates, 15 dams, 51 dikes, 12 dam outlets, and other hydrotechnical facilities. The channel connects Lake Onega and the White Sea.It goes through three regions of Karelia, and the final floodgates of Belomor-Baltic channel are in the Belomorsk region. The channel was constructed by thousands of prisoners in a network of forced labour camps. In Belomorsk, there is a memorial to the victims, builders of the channel.


Lifetime's 20-foot wide Garden Buildings are not only built for superior strength and durability, they also have an attractive appearance and design to accent the beauty of your backyard. The convenient, centralized location of the doors allows for easy access to your storage without having to climb over things to reach items stored in the back. The innovative design and durable construction create the perfect solution for your storage needs.
Steel-Reinforced Walls:Dual-wall, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) panels with steel wall supports for added strength.
High-Pitched Roof: Steep angle allows for the quick drainage of rain and snow, and provides a spacious, walk-around interior. Heavy-duty steel trusses increase strength.
Lockable Doors: Steel-reinforced doors provide an extra-large opening, sturdy structure, and exterior padlock loop.
High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Floor: Oil, stain, and slip-resistant floor surface does not crack, chip, or peel.
Screened Vents: Provide airflow and keep pests out.
Attractive Exterior: UV-protected to help prevent fading and cracking. Stain-resistant exterior never needs painting.
Large Skylights: High-impact polycarbonate skylights help illuminate the interior.
Shatter-Proof Windows: Windows open for increased air circulation and securely lock.
146 square ft. (1008 cubic ft.)- The Lifetime 20' x 8' Outdoor Storage Building features: vertical siding, dual entry eight pane doors with a slider latch, snow load kit, full ridge skylight, (2) large skylights, (2) windows, (2) sets of shutters, (1) 90" x 9" shelf, (18) hooks, (2) tool storage pouches, and(4) decorative corner trims. Floor and installation hardware included. Comes in (4) boxes.
- Sturdy Steel-Reinforced Construction
- Attractive Appearance and Design
- Dual-Wall High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Construction
- Heavy-Duty Steel Trusses Provide Additional Roof Strength
- Low Maintenance Design
- Color: Desert tan (light gray/brown mix).
- UV Protected to Prevent Weather Damage
- High-Pitched Roof Allows for Quick Drainage of Rain and Snow
- Lockable Steel-Reinforced Doors for Added Security
- Slip-Resistant High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Floor Protects Against Oil, Solvents, and Stains
- Skylights Allow Natural Light to Illuminate Interior
- Customizable Shelving and Storage System
- 10-Year Limited Warranty
Nominal Dimensions:20' x 8'
Footprint:238"w x94" d
Exterior Roof Width:240"
Exterior Roof Depth:96"
Door Opening Dimensions:56" x 76" (4.6 feet x6.3 feet)
Window Opening Dimensions:16.5" w x 16.5" h
Interior Height Minimum:70"
Interior Height Maximum:94"
Interior Headroom (truss to floor):80"
Square Feet:146.25 square feet
Cubic Feet:1008.5 cubic feet
Max Roof Load:23 psi (3312 lbs/ft.)
Max Wind Resistance:65 mph (104,6 kph)
The material of Construction: Powder-Coated Steel and Dual-Wall Polyethylene
Roof Structure: Dual-Wall Polyethylene Panels
Roof Support Trusses: Seven (7) Steel A-Frame Trusses
Wall Structure: Steel-Reinforced Dual-Wall Polyethylene Panels
Floor Structure: Slip-Resistant Dual-Wall Polyethylene
Doors Structure: Textured Steel-Reinforced Dual-Wall Polyethylene
Door Hinges: Full Length Galvanized Steel Hinge Pins
Door Handle: High-Impact Handles with Metal Latch
Door Latching: Slider Latch Lock Mechanism
Door Locking: Exterior Padlock Loop with Two (2) Deadbolts on Interior of Left Door
Screened Vents: Two (2) Screened Vents (front & rear)
Windows: Two (2) 16.5"w x 16.5"h Polycarbonate Windows - Open Half Way
Skylights:One (1) Ridge-Length Impact-Resistant Skylight
Shelves: One (1) 90"W x 9" D
Special Features: Eighteen (18) Wall Hooks and two (2) Tool Storage Pouches
Assembly: Secure-Fastened Assembly with High-Grade Metal Screws
Weight:938 lb. (413,2 kg)
Width: 95.2" (81.3 cm)
Height: 94" (124,5 cm)
Cubic Feet:87.1 ft. (2,4 m3) 734383
Please be sure to check with any city or neighborhood requirements before purchasing this shed. You can usually find out by calling your local city office building.


Bountiful Remodel/Add-on - (541) 514-0882
We have framed unfinished basements, garages and added new rooms to residential houses as requested. With engineering approval, we can remove bearing walls and replace them with beams as needed. When framing is completed it will be ready for inspection and other required trades.
Give Us a Call
Give us a call to provide more details on your ideas and we will discuss how quickly they can become a reality. We look forward to hearing how we can help you with your project.


We as CREDO proved ourselves as trusted trading company and highly committed by supplying the highest quality, quick delivery and best services for the projects in all sectors ..
The Souq Waqif underground car park is an essential project providing vast spaces for visitors of the souk to park their vehicles and enjoy one of Qatar’s most popular outing hubs. The car park consists of three underground basement floors that accommodate a parking capacity of approximately 2,438 vehicles.
The underground car park can be accessed by 4 underground pedestrian tunnels, 3 of which are located on the Souq Waqif side and 1 tunnel accessed from Corniche Street..
Above the car park is an open landscaped area with facilities including green parks, water fountains, and an open air amphitheatre for various performances and events.


Factors affecting the efficiency of rock drilling tools
The efficiency of rock drilling is not only related to the correct selection of hard joint numbers, but also influenced by many factors, mainly including the shape of the drill head, rock hardness, compressed air pressure, powder discharge method, borehole diameter and depth, etc.Drill head shape:The shape of the drill bit directly affects the cross-section of the borehole. Most drill hole sections for rock drilling are polygonal rather than circular. So the formation of a polygonal cross-section is due to the deviation of the drill head towards the side of the gun limit when it rotates along its own axis. During rock drilling, the drill rod does not rotate on a fixed axis, but freely swings in the hole of the gun. This situation can be seen through careful observation in actual supply. The shape of the drill bit varies, and the cross-section of the borehole obtained during rock drilling also varies.The edge shape of the borehole section is the number of blade blades used plus one. When using a large diameter drill bit to drill rock, the phenomenon of non circular hole shape is more significant. The non circular shape of the hole will increase the breakage of the fundus and the length of the surrounding area, while the rocks around the fundus are the most difficult to break. Therefore, it will greatly affect the drilling speed. The non circular shape of the hole can also hinder the normal rotation of the drill bit. For deep hole drilling, the impact is even greater, and it can even cause twisting and breaking of the drill rod or causing jamming. In recent years, research has been conducted to find solutions to the effects caused by non circular hole shapes. For example, changing the shape of the drill bit, thickening the thickness of the working edge, and increasing wind pressure. But it has not been completely resolved and further research is needed.


The analysis results are used for the optimization of structural shape, material weight and cost or to ensure that the structural strength and the fatigue strength are sufficient. Several problems can be solved using technical analysis. Some examples of possible cases are presented below. All examples are actual cases, analysed by Stressfield Oy.
Displacement and stresses are determined by FEM-analysis or by traditional formulas.
Stressfield offers linear as well as nonlinear static analysis.
By nonlinear analysis one can obtain reliable results also when structural displacements are large, when limits of proportionality are exceeded or when different parts are in contact with each other.
Linear analysis is most commonly used form of analysis. Linear analysis can be used when deformations are small and stresses are relatively low. It can be used also when structures are dimensioned by different standards or when results are used as input information in subsequent analyses (fatigue analysis, fracture analysis).
Linear analysis model (offshore structures)
Linear analysis model (mobile crane)
Analysis of vibrations
Vibration analysis is either analysis of normal modes or analysis of forced vibrations (dynamic response analysis). In dynamic response analysis the loading can be of harmonic excitation or shock loading, for example.
As a result one obtains those frequencies and modes of vibration that the structure tends to follow (normal mode analysis) or displacements, velocities, accelerations and stresses due dynamic excitation (response analysis).
Load determination and results interpretation are an important part of dynamic analysis. Strain and acceleration measurements are often used as an aid of getting realistic loads.
Linear analysis model (offshore structures)
Screen cylinder with a dynamic rotating load
Analysis of stability
Stability analysis is used to study structure’s sensibility to buckling. Typical applications for stability analysis is building frames, bridges, storage silos, boom structures and many other structures carrying compressive or bending loads.
Linear stability analysis is used when buckling strength is assessed using some standard.
Nonlinear analysis can be used to obtain buckling strength of structures with initial imperfections or arbitrary shape (plate structures that are not rectangular or triangular for example).
Linear buckling analysis (eigenvalue)
Analysis of heat transfer
Heat transfer analysis is used to obtain heat transfer in a structure. Mechanisms for heat transfer are convection, conduction and radiation. Analysis can be steady state or transient heat transfer analysis.
If convection is important factor of total heat transfer the analysis can be performed using CFD, which allows more accurate consideration of the fluid flow effect. More information on heat transfer calculations using CFD can be found here.
Temperature distribution in composite container shell (steady state analysis)
Analysis of fast events
Explicit analysis is used for fast event and extremely nonlinear analyses. Some examples of applications are crash analysis, Fluid-structure interaction (aquaplaning, sloshing), ROPS/FOPS analysis, manufacturing processes, drop testing and explosion analysis.
Mine shield analysis (Explosion simulation) left = simulated; right = tested
Analysis of manufacturing processes
Simulation of manufacturing processes requires the use of nonlinear analysis. Analysis can be implicit or explicit analysis.
Typical applications are deep drawing, roll forming, pressing, joining, welding simulation etc. Final form of a structure (spring back), residual stress distribution and magnitude after forming or forces required for manufacturing can be obtained using simulation.
Cold forming of a RHS profile
Service life time analysis
The determining failure mechanism leading to reduced service life is most often fatigue.
Stressfield Oy is specialised in life time assessment of structures. This assessment can be done using traditional fatigue analysis or fracture mechanics based analysis.
Fatigue analysis can be done using different standards (EN, DNV etc.) or generally accepted research results or recommendations (IIW etc.).
Fracture mechanics analysis can be used also when strength cannot be analysed using standards or recommendations (unclassified details, weld root side fatigue).
Linked to service life analysis is an improvement of the structure. We give recommendations for structural improvements so that the desired service life can be obtained.
Equivalent stress range of a boom end structure
Analysis of critical crack size
Cracks or other voids exceeding normal quality requirements are often found in inspections. Therefore a fitness for purpose analysis must be carried out to see if the structure can still be used safely to intended service. Critical crack size assessment can be used in this job.
As a result one gets knowledge if the initial void is severe enough to cause crack growth during service.
The analysis can be carried out by comparing calculated results to stress intensity threshold values.
Crack growth model of a gear tooth and stress intensity plot (transient contact analysis)
Some formulas used in analysis
Our approach goes beyond representing the results. We will also provide interpretation of the results as well as give suggestions to enhance your products performance further. We can make expert statements if needed, for example as a part of fitness for purpose assessments of structures with initial cracks or some other deviations from intended quality.
We use the following software in our FEM analysis: MSC.Nastran, NX.Nastran, MSC.MARC, ANSYS Professional and LS-Dyna plus FEMAP, NX6, Space Claim and MSC.Patran for pre- and postprocessing.
We use Visual Vessel Design ( VVD ) software for pressure vessel analysis according to EN 13445.