Flat Roof Lifespans Explored
If you’re a business owner or you manage a facility, you dread the thought of roof replacement. Major roof work is one of the largest capital expenses that come with owning a building — and that’s why flat roof lifespan is so important. After all, the longer the lifespan, the longer you’ll go without making a huge payment to keep it watertight.
As expert commercial roofers, one of the most common questions we hear is, “How long does a flat roof last?” That answer depends entirely on the type of roof. From EPDM to metal roofs, at Pequea Valley Exteriors, we handle it all. Learn about the lifespan for your flat roof — and discover our restoration solution that adds decades to almost any roof.
How Long Does a Flat Roof Last?
The roof type is the primary factor that determines how long a flat roof will last — next to correct installation, of course. We’ll break down the average flat roof lifespan as well as the factors that make it that way.
The most common types of commercial roofs whose lifespan we’ll explore include:
- EPDM Roofs
- TPO Roofs
- R-Panel Metal Roofs
- Standing Seam Metal Roofs
Lifespan: 12-year to 15-year
Weakness: The seams
These common types of flat roofs are built using rolls of resilient rubber sheeting. The rubber membrane on these roofs is strong and elastic as it expands and contracts in the sun. However, the seams between sections of the rubber membrane are weak spots. As water can and will infiltrate the seams, this limits the lifespan on EPDM flat roofs.
Lifespan: 10-year to 15-year
Weakness: The membrane surface breaks down
This style of flat membrane roof was designed to offer a white surface that reflects the sun’s rays for lower energy bills. After years of baking under the hot sun, the single TPO roof membrane becomes brittle and cracks. These fractures in the roof surface allow for massive water infiltration across the roof surface — and they are the major factor that limits this flat roof’s lifespan.
R-Panel Metal Roofs
Lifespan: 15-year to 20-year
Weakness: The seams
Built of metal panels rather than having a rubber surface, these roofs feature a generally longer lifespan thanks to the durable quality of the roofing steel. Just like EPDM roofs, the seams of R-Panel roofs are vulnerable to water infiltration. While the metal panels tend to be very water-resistant, water can still find a way in which undermines what could be a much longer lifespan.
Standing Seam Metal Roofs
Lifespan: 20-year to 30-year
Weakness: The fasteners
While this type of roof does have somewhat of an angle to it, it is a common type of commercial roof we work on and often is classified as a flat roof. These metal roofs protect the seams from moisture by having them sit at the highest point of elevation on the roof surface. However, the fasteners that keep the panels together are points of weakness. Oftentimes these fasteners show early signs of rust and can even rot away entirely. This leaves holes across the surface for water to enter and destroy the roof.
Our Roof Restoration Solution
Different flat roof types have different life expectancies, but there is one certainty: your roof will need work one day. While most business owners think reaching their roof’s life expectancy and seeing problems means they’ll pay for a COSTLY replacement, there is actually another solution.
Pequea Valley Exteriors specializes in roof replacement that adds another 18-to-20 years onto any type of roof. Backed by Conklin Roof Solutions, our restoration program directly targets the weaknesses of each roof type, reinforcing against what is most likely to go wrong with them.
Compared to the price of a full roof tear-off and replacement, restoration from Pequea Valley Exteriors typically costs about HALF as much. This adds a minimum of 18 years onto your flat roof, while saving you a significant amount of money.
Pequea Valley Exteriors to Extend Your Flat Roof’s Lifespan
Whether you’d like to get a quote on roof replacement, learn more about roof restoration, or simply find out what type of commercial roof your building has, the first step is a conversation with Pequea Valley Exteriors. We’ll provide you with a free roof inspection and a plan to extend your flat roof lifespan.
In addition to our Conklin restoration services, our commercial roofing experts also provide the roof repair and preventative maintenance you need to fix minor roof issues.


What makes IsoBoard different.
IsoBoard has performed extensive modeling of various buildings to assess the level of thermal resistance (and equivalent thickness of IsoBoard) necessary to achieve comfort with the minimum of energy usage and at an affordable cost.
Professor Dieter Holm has compiled maps of South Africa and which show the difference between the thermal neutrality of any point and the mean temperature for the season (summer or winter), in terms of a heating or cooling difference.
- Summer dT Map
- Winter dT Map
Summer dT required for indoor thermal comfort
Winter dT required for indoor thermal comfort
IsoBoard is a rigid board bulk thermal insulator, available in various thicknesses and lengths to meet most requirements. IsoBoard believe in being conservative when making claims as to the performance of our products, and testing these claims regularly through reputable agencies, such as the Board of Agre’ment.
Durable performance: IsoBoard is one of the very few manufacturers to present AGED performance values for our products. All insulation materials deteriorate over time, due principally to the effects of weathering and moisture, although these have minimal effect on IsoBoard’s thermal performance.
IsoBoard recommend using an aged thermal conductance value of 0.03 Wm/degree C (k = W/m°C = W/mK) when designing a thermal insulation solution using IsoBoard, which is fully 25% more than that of new board, and unlikely ever to be experienced in practice. Because IsoBoard can be expected to last for the life of most buildings, using the aged value allows a confident prediction that required thermal performance standards will continue to be met over the life of the building.
Ease of use: The tongue and groove edge profiles allow adjacent boards to interlock, creating a continuous insulated surface. Boards are available in standard lengths and thicknesses to fit most applications. Installation is easily accomplished by both professionals and DIY enthusiasts. The lightweight nature of IsoBoard means installation proceeds quickly.
Fire safety: IsoBoard is proven in fire situations, both through laboratory testing as well as actual fire events. IsoBoard shrinks away from flame sources, with no flaming droplets or flame spread characteristics.
Versatility: IsoBoard can be employed to meet almost every building envelope thermal insulation requirement.
Aesthetics: IsoBoard has a bright white surface, which can be easily painted and stained with water based products. The “Isopine” option has 100mm centre grooves routed down the length of each board to imitate a T&G wood panel effect. Unpainted board can be wiped clean as necessary. Boards damaged during installation can be repaired with adhesive or filler products prior to painting
Resistance to moisture transfer: IsoBoard is not materially affected by water vapour or water, and can be successfully used in bathrooms, kitchens and indoor swimming pools


The Site Plan
The site plan was designed to provide a good working coordination on site. With a proper site plan design, there will no confusing among the employees or workers for placing or taking the materials, equipments, and the other elements of works. A good site plan also help to prevent miss-management for providing the cycle of project procurement process and the working cycle processes.
Pasar Baru Bandung Project will be equiped by 3 units of Tower Crane. 2 Units with 45 m JIB and range of capacity from 1.2 ton to 4.5 ton. 1 Unit with 60 m JIB and range of capacity from 1.2 ton to 5.6 ton. The tower crane will be erected until up to 75 metres high. The tower cranes was POTAIN and rented for 8-10 months period.
The position for placing the tower crane should consider the aspect of its range for taking the supply material points to its usage location (see the circle of tower crane's range) and also the lowest cost factor for dismantling and demobilisation of the tower crane after its task is over or the building is completely finished.
The colour squares indicated the position for placing the materials like steel, reinforced bars, woods, timber, bricks, cements, and also equipments like generator sets, electrical panels, and many others facilities like wells, water supply points, worker's toilets, etc.


In August 2022 we had informed you of the declining steel price per ton in Pakistan. At the time, a ton of steel cost you less than Rs.250,000. Now the prices have further declined.
Latest Steel Price
Today, the per ton price of steel is less than Rs.230,000. Depending upon where you buy the steel from, it would cost you anywhere between Rs.221,000 and Rs.225,000 per ton.
These prices have continued to drop due to decline in the prices of raw materials in the international market, especially the cost of scrap coming down. Furthermore, as the local economy reels from one of the worst recessions in the history of Pakistan, the demand for steel has come down too. In Lahore alone, 50 percent of furnace and steel re rolling mills have shut down.
Furthermore, the Rupee has appreciated against the US Dollar, making buying raw materials cheaper in the international market.
Would This Revive The Construction Industry?
Steel is only one of the many materials used in the construction sector. Along with it, cement, sand, gravel, bricks, and other materials are used to construct a building. With their prices not coming down, the declining rate of steel itself won’t make much of a difference. Also, don’t forget to factor in the labor cost.
If you are looking for construction and heavy machinery items in Pakistan then look no further than OLX Pakistan.
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The biggest cricket stadium in the world is called Narendra Modi Stadium, which is situated close to the Sabarmati River. To advance the province’s cricket prowess, the stadium was established in 1982. 49,000 cricket fans could formerly fit at the stadium.
In October 2015, the Gujarat Cricket Association decided to renovate the stadium and make it the largest cricket stadium in the world under the direction of then-GCA President and current Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. More than 1.3 lakh cricket fans may now watch matches there thanks to the rehabilitation project, which was finished in February 2020. The 90,000-seat Melbourne Cricket Ground was outnumbered by the brand-new Narendra Modi Stadium, shattering the previous record.


An Overview of the Construction Industry
The construction industry, a high-hazard industry, which includes a far-reaching amount of activities that involve repair, alteration, and construction. The construction industry is responsible for over $1.7 trillion in annual revenue in the United States alone. With nearly three-quarters of a million construction companies in operation in the U.S., the construction industry is an enormous factor in the health of our national economy.
The Four Main Construction Industry Sectors
There are four main construction sectors: heavy industrial, institutional and commercial, new home building and renovation, and civil engineering.
Heavy Industrial Construction ““ This construction sector is responsible for the construction of industrial facilities.
Institutional and Commercial Construction ““ Institutional and Commercial Construction is the sector responsible for the building of commercial buildings such as various business buildings, stadiums, hospitals or schools.
New Home Building and Renovation Construction ““ This sector includes the remodeling, renovation or building of homes, condominiums and apartment buildings.
Civil Engineering Construction ““ Various engineering projects like water and sewer lines, highways and dams are included in this constructions sector.
K&L Clutch and Transmission Serves the Construction Industry
With our many construction industry-specific products and services, K&L Clutch and Transmission is proud to serve this large and continually growing industry. K&L Clutch and Transmission has offered construction equipment transmission and clutch products for the construction industry since 1983.
With a detailed and inclusive product line of heavy machinery transmission parts used in the construction industry, we are the go to company for many construction companies. K&L Clutch and Transmission is incredibly selective of the brands we service and sell, which are often considered industry leaders in the construction industry.
Construction cranes are large machines that include chains, wire ropes or hoists and can be utilized to lower and raise materials to move them in a horizontal fashion. These machines are primarily utilized to lift incredibly heavy items that need transporting to different areas.
Rough Terrain Lift Trucks
Rough terrain applications require crane-mounted machines that feature an undercarriage with rubber tires. These machines are specifically designed for pick and carry type operations.
Wheel loaders refer to heavy equipment machines that are used to move or lift materials like asphalt, snow, minerals, demolition debris or any type of large and heavy items. A type of tractor, these machines can either come with wheels or tracks.
Primarily used for digging trenches, these heavy machines are also useful for the laying of cables or pipes. Trenchers come in many different sizes from a smaller walk behind type of models all the way up to heavy equipment sized machines.
These large machines are used in the construction industry to create flat surfaces during grading processes. These large machines contain a long blade and usually contain three axles and the cab and engine are typically situated above the rear axles.
Heavy construction excavators consist of a cab, boom, stick and bucket, which are located on a rotating platform, also referred to as the “house.” They are used to dig trenches, building foundations, demolish structures, heavy lifting and more.
Clutch and Transmission Parts for the Construction Industry
In the simplest terms, well-working brakes are necessary to halt motion and to operate heavy equipment properly. Brakes create heat by converting kinetic energy from friction.
Also referenced to as PTOs, power take-offs are responsible for garnering power from an operational power source. Through this process, power take-offs are able to supply power to machines that are separate from the power source.
These products are able to multiply torque in the event of a great differing of input and output speed. The primary job of a torque converter is to transfer moving power from an electric motor to a rotating driven load.
Please contact K&L Clutch and Transmission for all of your construction related repairs and product needs!Contact Us


PVC pipes, commonly known as polyvinyl chloride pipes, are the most prevalent pipes used in plumbing today besides hypro pvc-o pipe in Malaysia. They are strong and resistant to ripping or cracking when exposed to water pressure. Another reason plumbers like PVC sewers is that they are considerably easier to repair than copper sewers. Copper and plastic pipes have a few key distinctions. They are more environmentally friendly than pipes made of most other materials since they are recyclable and reusable. Most consumers are unaware that there are numerous types of PVC pipes since plumbers refer to them all as “plastic pipes.” Even so, they appear in a variety of forms and sizes, and individuals build them in a variety of ways.
PVC pipes come in four different types:
- PVC that has not been plasticized (PVC-U)
- PVC that has been chlorinated (C-PVC)
- PVC with a molecular orientation (PVC-O)
- PVC with a High Impact (PVC-Hi)
While they share many characteristics, such as endurance, reliability, recyclability, and durability, they differ in a number of ways. Each variety has its own set of benefits, and each is better suited to a certain use.
PVC that has not been plasticized (PVC-U)
PVC-U is a pipe that is made without the use of a plasticizer. A plasticizer, according to ChemistryViews, is a compound that manufacturers add to a material to make it more flexible and softer. To put it another way, a plasticizer enhances plasticity, reduces viscosity, and lowers friction. A rigid PVC pipe is also known as a PVC-U pipe. There are several advantages to utilising unplasticized PVC fittings and pipes.
First and foremost, they are light, inexpensive, and simple to use. As a result, they’re ideal for transporting drinking water. They offer excellent mechanical properties, as well as chemical resistance and UV resistance. Moreover, they are quite long-lasting. Unplasticized PVC has the added benefit of being 100% recyclable. As a result, they are regarded as the most environmentally beneficial sewage pipelines.
PVC that has been chlorinated (C-PVC)
C-PVC pipes, or chlorinated PVC pipes, have a greater chlorine content. Chlorination of PVC resin is used to create them. In the 1960s, manufacturers introduced them to water distribution systems, although their production method changed slightly. Pigments, lubricants, stabilisers, and impact modifiers are among the various additives used in chlorinated PVC. Chlorinated PVC pipes, like unplasticized PVC pipes, are extremely corrosion resistant and safe to use for drinking water.
Both are also long-lasting due to their high impact resistance. The most significant distinction is that chlorinated PVC pipes can withstand a broad variety of temperatures. As a result, they’re ideal for sewage systems in both residential and commercial settings. They’re also a lot more flexible than U-PVC since they include plasticizers in them. Although C-PVC is more ductile than PVC-U, both are 100% recyclable. They are admired by environmentalists all around the world because of these characteristics.


Doing it Right the First Time = Less Replacement Expenses
Just as having the proper signage is important, so it having it properly mounted. If your sign is not, all those things mentioned above, will be moot without a sign to direct motorists otherwise. Can you imagine driving on a highway such as the 401 in Toronto without road signs, or worse, signs that weren’t properly mounted? It would be mayhem, more-so than usual.
Road signage is important to ensure smooth traffic flow without bottle necks or mishaps. Road signs give out messages regarding the road and what you, as a driver, should expect on the road. If followed properly, road signs help in avoiding confusion on the road. Road signs keep the traffic flowing freely by helping drivers reach their destinations and letting them know entry, exit and turning points in advance. Road signs, indicating turns, directions and landmarks, also help to save time and fuel by providing information on the route to be taken to reach a particular destination. Road signs are extremely helpful in:
Informing about the correct lanes to be taken thus avoiding bottlenecks caused by abrupt turns
Mentioning entry and exit points on main roads
Informing about the speed limit on curves and other sensitive junctions avoiding mishaps
Segregating heavy, medium and light vehicles on narrow roads and bridges
Promoting road discipline by reminding about regulations on lane discipline and overtaking
Traffic signs notify motorists of regulations, provide warning to potential hazards on or near the roadway, and provide needed guidance to destinations.
Don’t let your signs look like this one. Mount them right the first time. Contact us today for more product information.


The ingenious method of generation by Pelican Point Power Station makes it a leading electricity generator in the industry
Pelican Point power station (located 20km north-west of the Adelaide central business district) was commissioned in March 2001 and is one of Australia’s most efficient power stations. It is jointly owned by ENGIE and Mitsui & Co Ltd with 72 per cent and 28 per cent ownership respectively.
This mid merit power station uses a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) technology to produce up to 497 MW of electricity which is about 17% of South Australia’s thermal generation needs.
Pelican Point Power Station has two gas turbines and a steam turbine. The waste heat from the Gas turbines is recovered to produce steam which drives the Steam Turbine Generator, thereby raising the efficiency of the plant. The power station has an energy efficiency exceeding 50%. Because of its high efficiency, this plant has a very low carbon footprint which is 60% less than other power stations running with conventional technology.
Pelican Point Power station is a critical infrastructure asset in ensuring energy security and system stability in South Australia.
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Technology
Above 50% energy efficiency rating
Low carbon footprint
497 MW of electricity generation
Provision of power to 17% of SA thermal generation needs
One of Australia’s top environmentally friendly power stations


In what might be regarded as a rare display of bi-partisan unity, members of the U.S. Senate, on a 92 to 6 vote, have approved a bill designed to fund a wide variety of transportation infrastructure projects.
The transportation funding is part of a package of four separate fiscal year 2019 spending measures totaling more than $154 billion.
The transportation part will see the funding for everything from transit capital grants to highway maintenance funding and airport infrastructure grants.
As approved, the bill adds $3.3 billion for highway and bridge upkeep and construction projects; and $300 million for drinking water and wastewater treatment infrastructure revolving funds.
The money for airport infrastructure projects is set at $3.3 billion, which will go to the ongoing federal Airport Improvement Program run by the Federal Aviation Administration. That’s an increase of $750 million over last year’s funding.
The bill does not go along with the Trump Administration’s idea to do away with the discretionary grants that used to go by the name of Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery grants.
Instead, it keeps intact TIGER’s replacement, the Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development Transportation grants program, which awards funding to programs based on such factors as safety, economic competitiveness, and environmental protection.
The Senate Bill now has to be reconciled with House legislation before the official beginning of the fiscal year on October 1.
By Garry Boulard
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Excellent Material For Your Driveway
Very many people around The world use a lot of money to renovate their homes. The driveways are one of the things that cost homeowners a lot of money when it comes renovation. It is your responsibility to make sure that you pick the right materials when it comes to the renovation of the driveway. It is very good for you to make sure that you renovate your driveway in case it has been damaged, we have a variety of materials that can be used for renovating the driveways and you will learn more here.
This is very good since you will have a variety of options to pick from. They play a very big role when it comes to the value of the home. They are of great advantage since they will make the value of your home to increase.
This will be of great advantage, this us because the homeowner will be able to develop a sense of self-confidence, this is because the driveway will look very good. This will also be of great advantage when it comes to the appeal of the home, this is because the home will look more smart and attractive. One of the materials that are used to renovate a driveway is a gravel.
Gravel is very good since it is easier and faster when it comes to installation. Very many people around the world prefer using gravel to renovate their driveways. Gravel is also preferred by very many people since it is cost effective. When you want it to have an increased lifespan, it is very important for you to make sure that maintain it very properly.
Very many people around the world prefer using the gravel since it is very cheap to install. When it comes to the renovation of the driveway, concrete is one of the materials that can be used to renovate the driveway. Very many people around the world also use concrete mainly because it is very cheap when it comes to maintenance costs.
It is also very durable. When you want to renovate your driveway using concrete, it is very good for you to hire a professional to install. When there is snow, it is very good for you to consider renovating your driveway using the asphalt material. They are also a very good choice. It is therefore very good for you to make sure that you choose the material that is within your budget.


Many people often tend to ignore roofing system upkeep, and although it might not be attractive to most individuals, in the future this can verify to be rather pricey. When a house is developed, there is generally an agreement with the contractor regarding how the structure will be kept. Although you could not recognize this, roofing maintenance in fact goes a great deal even more than just painting and repainting every few years! If you have actually ever before considered your roofing system, you may well have seen a variety of little issues which with time can begin to create big damage. These concerns do not all take place at the same time and while they may seem small initially, overtime they can begin to accumulate. By watching on different facets of your roof, you are really doing more than simply a “little” maintenance – you are preventing problems before they end up being excessive of a migraine. This can aid to prevent the demand for replacement faster, and additionally save you money in the future. It does not matter what type of roof you have, there will be some sort of roofing system maintenance that you are needed to do on a regular basis. This will generally include brushing up away any fallen leaves, branches and other particles that might have located their means onto your roofing. You may also need to clean out any kind of puddles or sinks which have fallen into the seamless gutter. This is very important because it avoids merging water which could create damages to your ceilings and walls. Whilst these jobs can be regular, you have to make sure that you act when you observe something wrong. While most individuals look at roofing upkeep as being “simply a fast repair”, it has to be understood that such jobs require to be carried out on a regular basis. As an example, there will be times when the “sink drain tiles” will burst, sending out water all down onto the floor. This can be a problem, so you should guarantee you get the ceramic tiles replaced immediately. If you see leakages originating from the roofing system, you must search for the resource of the leakage and also fix it. As an example, water dripping from a connected pipe could be a trouble as well as can cause the ceiling to collapse otherwise handled quickly. It is also crucial to guarantee that the roofing continues to be steady and doesn’t relocate, so if you believe motion, obtain it considered by an expert quickly. Some roofing system upkeep jobs don’t always require to be done by an expert. However, this would be suggested, as if you do not know just how to execute the job correctly, you can cause damage. For instance, changing damaged flashing is one task you can do on your own – it’s a great deal less complicated than you might believe. As long as you know what needs to be done and also why, roof upkeep should not posture a trouble. However, it is important that you have a great professional that can accomplish the job appropriately without any troubles. It is additionally smart to keep in mind that the majority of roofing upkeep works will vary in cost according to the materials utilized and the dimension of the task. Constantly get quotes for the job that you’re intending to do to guarantee you don’t spend too much.


Husqvarna TS 350 E is an efficient, versatile, high-performance cutting table cutter for all types of bricks and building blocks. It can cut to a depth of 100 mm at a single-sided cut, and after turning the material reaches a cutting thickness of 200 mm. Quickly cut at an angle of 45°, which makes it very versatile. The sturdy, solid frame with built-in guides ensures high rigidity and useful durability. Thanks to the foldable legs, one person is enough to operate the machine. This set includes the Husqvarna GS 50S+ diamond blade.
Variant description: Voltage 230 V (single-phase)
- Robust water pump - high quality significantly extends product life,
- Easy water Pump replacement - thanks to the electrical quick connect,
- Accessible to transport - thanks to the two rear wheels,
- Shielded guides - a sturdy frame protects the slides from bumped.


Tiger Bridge (circa 1911)
Posted by @bhitalks on May 26, 2009
This is a typical arched bridge made by the British in 191¹(circa). The big arch is conspicuous. Made on the river Teesta right at the foothills, this bridge is still functional and stands majestically tall. We started our 5000 ft uphill drive to Tinchuley from here.


- 0.01-3 Millimeter (mm)
We provide Corrugated Pipes to our valuable customers that are made up of the premium quality of raw materials which is designed according to the planned layout. The designing of the product is done under the supervision of our experienced mentor that assures proper functioning of product in a systematic way. Apart from this, our offered Corrugated Pipes is coated with the thin sheet that protects the product from any kind of damage, thus providing durability to the product.
- 5000 Per Day
- 1 Week
- All India
C-32, Sector 7, Gautam Budh Nagar, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India


When water passes through the RO membrane to remove contaminants and sediments like salts and dirt to provide use fresh water. A fair amount of water is rejected to produce fresh water during the purification process.
So, it would be best to reuse the waste water for different purposes other than drinking. In this article, you will learn why and how much water a water purifier rejects and how you can reuse it.
Why do RO Water Purifiers Waste water?
RO water purifiers are based on membrane technology. A membrane is a filter with a central orifice and layers of PSF, PES, PA, and PEI. While the center orifice is designed to collect purified water, the contaminants get trapped on the layers of the membrane.
A pump pushes the water inside the RO membrane at a uniform flux rate to remove the contaminants. The flux rate is critical for the membrane because if water slows down or stops at some area, all the contaminants won’t be able to flush out. Instead, they will get concentrated on the membrane and block the filtration.
The purified water is stored in the storage tank while the waste stream of water gets drained out with all the contaminations and sediments. The best water purifiers are efficient in water usage and lower the quantity of waste water.
How Much Is Water Wasted in RO Water Purifier?
The amount of waste water from the RO water purifier depends on the water hardness and the condition of the RO membrane. Under normal conditions, a water purifier uses 3-4 liters of water to produce 1 liter of purified water. The rejection rate is increased with a higher hardness of the water.
Municipal water typically has a hardness of around 200-400 ppm, and normal borewell water can be very hard (beyond 700 ppm) in some areas. Using the municipality-supplied water in the RO water purifier won’t make as much rejected water as borewell water.
After months of operation, the holes on the membrane start getting clogged by the contaminants present in the water. The blocked holes prevent the water filtration process and start rejecting more water. Therefore, it is recommended to replace the membrane and clean the water purifier every year.
How to reduce waste water in RO system?
To reduce waste water generation, you have to minimize the water hardness. First, use a TDS meter to measure the hardness in ppm. If it is beyond 500 ppm, you can use a water softener or a pre-filter arrangement to trap the sediments earlier. However, in this process, the flow rate of water can reduce. Thus, you must clean the filtration system frequently.
Can we reuse the waste water from water purifier?
Yes, you can definitely use waste water from your water purifier for different purposes like washing your clothes and car, watering your plants, flushing the toilet, etc. But, as this water has a high hardness, usually above 1000 ppm, it is unsafe for consumption, and you have to be very careful about it. You cannot use it for cooking or bathing purposes. As this waste water is full of contaminants, it is unsafe. So, use it in a creative way that does not impact your health.
How to reuse RO water purifier’s waste water?
Wasting even a drop of water is not a good practice. But, you can’t avoid installing an RO water purifier as that gives you the cleanest and safest drinking water. Make sure to test the rejected water and know the TDS level before using it. If the TDS is too high, it is not recommended for direct use. Instead, always mix it with normal tap water. Here are some best uses of the waste water from water purifiers-
1. Wash Your Car
It takes 10 to 75 liters of water to wash a single car! That is huge. You can store the waste water from your RO water purifier in a bucket and use it on the day of car washing. If the TDS level of the water is below 1500 PPM, you can wash your car with that water without any worry. If the TDS level is higher, dilute it with tap water.
2. Water Your Garden plants
You can use the waste water to water the plants in your garden. But, beyond 500 ppm of hardness, water is not suitable for gardening purposes. So, dilute it with tap water, check the TDS with a TDS meter and apply it to your plants. First, start with fewer plants and check out how they react to the waste water from water purifiers. You can continue watering plants with that water if you notice good growth.
3. Wash Your Utensils in Kitchen
This is another useful application of the waste water that you can go for. Store the RO waste water in a bucket and use it for cleaning the utensils. You can wash all types of cookware made of glass, steel, ceramic, cast iron, or non-stick materials.
4. Clean the Floors
Using the RO waste water for cleaning the floors of your home is a very creative idea to reuse. If the TDS level is within 2000 ppm, you can use it directly on the floor. Else, you have to dilute it with the normal tap water. However, using high TDS water may leave white stains and salt particles on the floor.
5. Use RO Waste water for Toilet Flushing
Flushing the rejected water into the toilet is another practical use. However, every flush in the toilet requires 3 to 7 liters of water, so you need to store it in buckets. Using RO waste water to clean your toilet will be the best option for reusing without wasting it.
6. Clean the Sewage Pipes
The sewage pipes of your house, especially the ones with the bathroom and kitchen, should be cleaned regularly. Otherwise, they will clog and block the water passage over years of use. Using RO water purifier’s waste water is a great idea to clean the bathroom and kitchen sewage pipes. This hard water removes the stubborn grime and dirt from the pipelines without wasting normal water.
RO water purifiers waste a significant amount of water in the purification process. But, if you follow the above tips to reuse the rejected water, you won’t have to waste it. You should also not forget about the regular servicing of your water purifier.


Many residential homes have certain structural defects that ultimately give rise to conditions that are conducive to subterranean termites. For example, ventilation openings on foundation walls that are too small and/or are not evenly spaced can cause dead air pockets to form within crawl spaces. These dead air pockets give rise to humid conditions that are conducive to subterranean termites, as well as other wood destroying insect pests, such as powderpost beetles and carpenter ants. Allowing vegetation to grow wild in front of ventilation openings, or shrubs that are too close to ventilation openings impede air circulation within crawl spaces, which also promotes humid conditions. In order to reduce humidity within crawl spaces, it is sometimes necessary to place fans on ventilation openings, and in some cases, running a dehumidifier within crawl spaces is the only way to eliminate humidity and dry out soil.
It is important for homeowners to recognize how certain features of yard landscapes can ultimately make homes vulnerable to subterranean termite infestations. If the ground surrounding homes slopes inwards, allowing rainwater to flood around foundations, the soil will remain constantly moist, which attracts moisture-loving subterranean termites. The soil in crawl spaces must remain as dry as possible in order to prevent rising water vapor from absorbing into substructural wood. If soil within crawl spaces is chronically moist, a four to six mm plastic vapor barrier can be laid over crawl space soil. Vapor barriers should cover 80 percent of the ground surface within crawl spaces so as to allow the outer border to remain uncovered so that vapor can escape through ventilation openings. If a home’s exterior walls are covered in rigid board insulation, synthetic stucco, stucco or other cosmetic materials that dip below the soil, moisture will rapidly build up within wall voids, leading to moisture saturation in structural wood, and eventually, subterranean termite infestations. Exterior cosmetic materials that make contact with the ground soil will also hide signs of subterranean termite activity, such as termite-damaged materials, mud spots, and mud tubes that termite workers construct to access above ground structural wood.
Do you know if the moisture content in your crawl space is ideal for termite prevention?


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CEIBS Large and Influential Building Materials Exhibition
The Polish Building Materials Exhibition BUDMA is hosted by the long-established and UFI-certified Polish Poznan International Exhibition Company. Since its establishment, the scale has been increasing. At present, the exhibition has developed into a large-scale and influential building materials exhibition in China and Europe.
Rich content: The international exhibition of Polish building materials is mainly aimed at building material manufacturers. About three quarters of the companies participating in the exhibition each year are building material manufacturers and one quarter are traders. The theme of the exhibition fully covers the construction industry, covering design, ground work, interior decoration and building materials, construction equipment, etc. During the exhibition, a series of forums and awards activities were held. There were also special buyer projects to allow attendees to get more effective Information to expand the opportunities for exchange and cooperation between exhibitors and buyers.
Professionalism: Poland Building Materials Exhibition 2019 opened a total of 12 exhibition halls, each exhibition area is classified according to exhibits, themes cover construction industry, design, doors and windows, roof materials, bathrooms, floor materials, interior decoration and building materials, etc., 2020 FIREPLACES will be held at the same time.
Powerful: The organizer of the building materials exhibition is also the owner of the exhibition hall. Recommended by the Polish Exhibition Association, the Polish Ministry of Construction, the Polish Civil Engineering Association and other Polish associations, and received up to 24 local and international media publicity, showing the exhibition's status in Poland and the Middle East.


Anthony "Tony" Gaston has over three decades of local experience in development, construction, and engineering, as well as extensive roots in the industry and community.
As Vice President – Development for Hunt's Hawai'i Division, Mr. Gaston is responsible for the planning and execution of major infrastructure, site and subdivision work at a number of the company's projects statewide, including in Kalaeloa, where he is overseeing more than $40 million dollars of infrastructure improvements over the only the next two years. His work in Kalaeloa is laying the foundation for development as Hunt continues to transform its 530 acres into a desirable mixed-use community with an estimated 3,000 homes for working local families and a thriving commercial and light-industrial center that will provide thousands of new jobs for area residents.
Before joining Hunt, Mr. Gaston served as the Hawai'i/Pacific Transportation Business Group Manager at HDR. Other previous positions include Director of Engineering at A&B Properties Hawai'i; Director, Site Development at The Howard Hughes Corporation; Program Manager at Parsons Corporation; and Director, Engineering and Site Construction at Castle & Cooke Homes Hawai'i.
The Mililani resident is a dedicated and active member of both the community and the local building industry. Mr. Gaston serves as the chair of both the School Community Council (SCC) at Mililani Middle School and the O'ahu Metropolitan Planning Organization Committee of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Hawai'i Section. He is also a member of the University of Hawaii College of Engineering Alumni Banquet Committee. He previously served on the Board of Directors for the Hawai'i Presidential Center, as chairperson of the Mililani 'Ike Elementary SCC, as secretary of the Mililani High School SCC, and as a longtime American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO) referee.
Mr. Gaston received a Master of Business Administration from the University of Phoenix and a Bachelor of Science in civil engineering from the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa. He is an alumnus of the Pacific Century Fellows program.


Concrete Driveway - Fort Wayne Concrete Contractors Co
Concrete Driveway - Fort Wayne Concrete Contractors Co
Concrete is a material used for a variety constructions and installation - its adaptable nature and impressive toughness make it a great choice for outdoor projects, specifically. One of the most popular uses of concrete is to construct driveways. Spend any time in public at all in Fort Wayne, Indiana area in the area, and you'll certainly discover a great number in concrete drives. There are many reasons concrete driveways are great for a homeowner - a few of which will be discussed below. We at Fort Wayne Concrete Contractors Co, we feel confident saying that our concrete contractors are the most experienced in the job, and you'll be able to feel satisfied with what they will do and the quality of the finished product should you place your trust in our team. To find out more about concrete driveways you can read below or speak on our helpline representatives.
Are you fed up with that dull concrete look? If the answer is yes there's a driveway design choice is for you. Also known as stamped concrete, decorative concrete is a great way to add appearance to your concrete driveway. It's also perfect for updating your existing driveway. This technique can add some character to your driveway creating a unique space to you. When you hire the right concrete driveway contractors, you'll create a space that is even more stunning and attractive than you'd hoped for it to be.
Concrete Driveway Installation
This company Fort Wayne Concrete Contractors Co., has been operating in the concrete industry for many years. We are a concrete contractor and offer services within Fort Wayne, IN. Fort Wayne, IN area. We are aware of how important it is to have a properly laid concrete driveway to ensure your money's worth. We adhere to an exact concrete driveway construction process to ensure high-quality results.
To provide you with a five-star quality concrete driveway, we go through these steps:
- Project Site Evaluation
- As a leading concrete company, we are sure that we conduct a site evaluation before construction even begins. We mostly check the type of soil on the site and make sure that it's not troublesome. Then, we carry out the necessary steps to make it work for to the cement surface.
- Processing and Delivery of Materials
- The process of building a concrete driveway involves onsite preparation. This involves processing building permits in addition to hauling debris as well as other materials from the construction area. In this way, we can start fresh. We also measure the project site before the construction and laying of concrete slabs. During this step, all materials have to be put in for the start and completion of the project on time. Typically, we will use the ready-to-use concrete mix. However, in certain instances you can mix it on by ourselves, using a particular concrete mixture that contains gravel, cement and water. and air.
- Driveway Installation
- Installing driveways can be challenging. That's why you should hire an expert concrete contractor to do the job for you. Fort Wayne Concrete Contractors Co is well-known for providing commercial and residential homes with the best driveways in the area. Pouring concrete is an essential process. That is why we meticulously complete it, making sure we have concrete slabs which last for a long time. We use reinforcing Steel for more strength, in particular since concrete driveways are used to support heavy vehicles.
- In the meantime, as we go through this process we'll be asking our clients to select -what they would prefer - simple concrete or a more decorative one. Rest assured, we take your preferences into consideration as we go through the installation process. So, we'll provide you with what you'd like.
- Quality Assurance
- When it comes to asphalt driveways in concrete, or perhaps a asphalt or driveway that we do, we always carry out checks on the quality of our work. We owe it to you to make sure you get your worth. We ensure that concrete surfaces are in good condition before we hand over the construction to you.
- If we perform an assessment of quality in the first place, we verify that the concrete that has been wet is cure. Otherwise, we won't qualified to determine whether cracks on the driveway, as well as other potential damages. Our team reviews the entire driveway and determines whether there is any issue that must be addressed quickly.
- Clean-up and turnover of a new Concrete Driveway
- So, your new driveway is all set. What's next? In our instance we clean it first. We make sure it's ready for use after turning into you. We dispose of all construction debris leaving you with a clean freshly laid driveway.
1614 Carlow Court, Fort Wayne IN 46815
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Hunter Smith Architecture (and our predecessor company, CRSA Architecture) has enjoyed working on several projects for the City of Pismo Beach.
We are currently working on updates to the Pismo Beach City Hall, the Corp. Yard, and the Chapman Estate. Each of these projects is in a different phase of construction. So, we thought it would be a good opportunity to take our staff by each project so everyone can see the progress and learn about how the construction process is implemented from the plans that we all work so hard on developing. Craig Smith joined us to discuss the structural engineering observations and construction administration work on site that has helped these projects move forward.
The remodel of City Hall is nearing completion. In addition to a general facelift for the interior office spaces, we also provided design solutions meant to ensure employee safety. Below, you can see retractable screens above each public facing reception desk. At this phase, our construction administration is focused on ensuring that the finishes and fixtures are installed to the highest standard.
The City's Corp. Yard is in the middle of construction. We are adding restrooms and other facilities to make this a more efficient work space. We walked through the project to discuss structural engineering considerations and ADA retrofits to the old metal building.
THE CHAPMAN ESTATE
We are particularly proud of our work refurbishing the Chapman Estate. We are assisting with the plans necessary to replace the roof and windows, and add an accessible restroom. The roof shingles we specified look similar to the existing wood roof, but it is a composite material provided by CeDUR Synthetic Roofing Products.


The building industry is going green at an increasing rate. More and more projects are using sustainable building materials,and the design of buildings is more accustomed to creating environmentally friendly functionality. This new trend is also present in the way new sport stadiums are designed and built.
The trend towards sustainability is really challenging the way stadiums are designed and there are a lot of great innovations coming out in the field of green building. Here are three of the best green sport stadiums.
1. The Staple’s Centre, Los Angeles, US
The busiest sports centre in North America is the Staple’s Centre and it is a wonderfully innovative building for sustainable energy. The stadium has giant solar panels attached outside, which provide around 20% of all the energy the building needs. According to Reuters if all arenas and stadiums had the same type of solar panels they would create a reduction of 85 million pounds in carbon emissions.
2. Rectangular Stadium, Melbourne, Australia
A green sports stadium with a very beautiful design is most definitely the Rectangular Stadium built in Melbourne, Australia. This bubbly looking stadium is green because it is build in such a way that it uses only half of the amount of steel that conventional stadiums supporting this sort of roof would have used.
One of its best green qualities also come from the fact that it collects all the rainwater and then reuses it inside the stadium. Not only does it use the rainwater for its own internal use, the collection system is so powerful it can provide water to four other sports centres.
3. Wembley Stadium, London, UK
One great green sport stadium is the Wembley Stadium in London. Although Wembley doesn’t provide the same sort of innovative green architecture as the other two stadiums in this list,
Wembley has some great green policies and practices. This is one important aspect of green sports venues that is often overlooked.
For instance, the recycling scheme in place at Wembley is really effective and means that almost 80% of the waste produced at Wembley will end up being recycled.
Upcoming 2022 Showcase Stadium
There are also lots of green building projects coming up in the near future. For instance the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar will see a great green innovation in the form of the 2022 Showcase stadium. The stadium can boast about being the first zero carbon stadium, putting it on top of the list innovative green stadiums.
It will use solar energy to provide all the energy needed for its upkeep. The building also uses Vector Foiltec to provide ETFE panels that help keep the soaring heat outside while still providing a lot of natural energy on the inside.
The above sport stadiums have done a lot in their field to inspire green building and innovation to develop. As clearly evident in the 2022 Showcase stadium green building in sports venues is moving forward in great leaps. All of these stadiums also offer beautiful sights to look at and are amazing feats of architecture.
- License: Royalty Free or iStock source: http://officeimg.vo.msecnd.net/en-us/images/MH900422600.jpg
David is an architect lover who loves to browse through new building projects online and see what are the latest innovations. When he isn’t dreaming about his high-tech dream house he is playing with his piano.


Updated on September 2, 2021
Concrete Kitchen With Stone Edge, Slate Seamless Countertops
Concrete countertops are a relatively recent phenomenon in the kitchen. Concrete has been used for construction and building materials for more than a century, but only recently have countertops made their appearance. Concrete countertops can be found in some older homes – mainly houses built during the post-World War II era. Concrete countertops result from intense pressure and climate that force concrete into shapes that include elegant columns, square corners, and detailed moldings. The result is an inexpensive way to achieve a look best by granite or expensive ceramic tiles – without the high cost.
Concrete Countertops Tampa, most often used in kitchens, bathrooms, and basements, are flat and level and feature a smooth, rounded, matte finish. Several flat countertops have several varieties, including scalloped, honed, textured, rough-hewn, and polished concrete. The first two are typically used for exterior applications because they require little maintenance. Still, the last two are ideal for indoor use because they do not chip or become unevenly pitted after installation.
One of the most distinctive and useful features of using concrete as a building material is the fact that it is impervious to water, stains, and many other forms of damage. Because concrete is largely inert, it will not change color when it is exposed to sunlight, air, or heat. This means concrete surfaces can be sealed without using any sealer whatsoever, which significantly extends the durability of the surface. In fact, sealed concrete will outlast most paints and other coatings. The most common application of concrete sealant is on countertops and shower walls, because this application makes the most use of its inherent strength.
The ability of concrete countertops to resist damage also contributes to their longevity. Because concrete countertops are almost impossible to break, chipping, cracking, or breaking of any kind, they can stand for decades in kitchens and bathrooms while they continue to provide beauty, style, and durability. The use of a stamped concrete edge form allows the countertop edge to be pressed into a nearly smooth, flat surface. The concrete countertop edge form is achieved by pouring a very thick, coarse layer of concrete, which provides a coarse texture that is both aesthetically appealing and offers superior strength to the countertop.
Once the concrete has been poured, it is then finished with a textured stone or slate pattern that is perfectly flat and flush with the rest of the countertop. These products have several advantages over other countertops, which are typically porous and rough. First, due to their flat and smooth surfaces, concrete countertops with a rock edge, slate stamped top… designs are virtually impervious to scratching, peeling, and staining. This also makes them easy to clean: simply wipe them down with a wet cloth or a paper towel each time they become dirty, and you will not even notice that they have been cleaned!
Another advantage is the rustic feel that you receive when using concrete as your top layer. As you know, the look and feel of stone are very desirable to many people. When you use concrete for your countertop, the stone or slate texture is imprinted directly on the countertop creating a rustic, natural, and classy look. This is something that only concrete can provide… combining the beauty of stone with the durability of concrete makes for a product that is ideal in kitchens and bathrooms where stain protection is essential but also needs to look like a natural material.
As you can see, there are several advantages to using concrete countertops with a rock edge, slate stamped top… and one disadvantage -it can be a little rough on the eyes, particularly for people who are used to fine, matte surfaces. However, it can also be made to be very smooth using a grinding process, which is basically sanding the countertop smooth using a machine. If you have questions about how we poured these concrete kitchen with a stone edge or want more information about this type of countertop, contact a contractor today. There are contractors who offer this type of service nationwide, and they will be happy to answer any questions you may have.


On September 14, 2023, (2-3 pm. CEST), Vanessa Bolivar, PhD student at KIT ITAS has presented her work with CIB at the ZuWaKo CIB-Café. She talked about “Key factors and scenarios for transformation towards a circular water-waste-energy system in the urban built environment in Chile” . Vanessa Bolivar has been working with CIB to develop scenarios that describe various intersectoral future pathways. Subsequently, building blocks from this analysis will be incorporated into a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA).


Choosing the best XXI Century energy‐efficient insulation material
for your shipping container
Everyone thought that we were done with Insulation materials, in the last post before this one, we just wrote about the more conventional ones, traditional insulation materials, such as cork, mineral wool, cellulose, polystyrene or polyurethane (PUR), that are capable of preserving energy to certain extents.
Thermal insulation materials are the simplest ways to decrease buildings heat loss.
When insulation materials are installed in the walls, floors, and roof of a building to prevent such heat loss, the insulation materials must be used according to their appropriate structural and thermal properties.
Research also indicates the use of non-traditional materials for insulation, such as wool‐hemp, date palm fiber, and phase‐change materials. However, supporting the required thermal levels in buildings often requires the increased thickness of these materials, which is not always feasible with respect to the material economy, transportation, and use.
Recent developments in the physics of construction materials have led to the creation of new building insulation materials that provide lower thermal conductivity rates than the traditional ones.
Click here to read The paper that reviews contemporary research on Vacuum Insulated panels (VIP) as a state‐of‐the‐art material for building insulation. The main components and physical principles of VIP performance are discussed. Finally, the review of VIPs available on the market and their performance is provided. © 2013 The Authors. International Journal of Energy Research published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contemporary research mentions several types of such materials:
Gas‐filled panels (GFPs).
Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs).
Even not all of them were discovered today, they are not largely promoted in the Construction Industry nor frequently used.
Gas‐filled panels (GFPs)
R-Value: The sealed exterior skins contain the gas-fill.
The panels are available with
“A new gas-filled panel insulation material that consists of pockets of low-conductivity gas in a honeycomb foil substrate provides insulation levels as high at R-11 for inch-and-a-half-thick panels.
With their thermal conductivity down to 10 mW/m K, gas-filled panels (GFPs) are regarded as possible high performance thermal insulating solutions for building applications.
However, thermal conductivities of respectively 46 and 40 mW/m K have so far been achieved for prototype air-filled and argon-filled panels, values slightly higher than currently traditional building insulation materials. Compared to other high-performance thermal insulation materials and solutions, e.g. vacuum insulation panels (VIPs), the future of GFPs may, therefore, be questioned.
Nevertheless, the application of a low-conductive gas and reflective barriers may have a potential in the development of new high-performance thermal insulation materials.
Within this work, a state-of-the-art review is given on the knowledge of GFPs for building applications today.“
“Aerogel is a synthetic porous ultralight material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component for the gel has been replaced with a gas.
The result is a solid with extremely low density and extremely low thermal conductivity.
Owing to its translucent nature and the way light scatters in the material. Silica aerogels feel like fragile expanded polystyrene to the touch, while some polymer-based aerogels feel like rigid foams.
Aerogels can be made from a variety of chemical compounds.
Aerogel is not a single material with a set chemical formula; instead, the term is used to group all materials with a certain geometric structure.
Despite the name, aerogels are solid, rigid, and dry materials that do not resemble a gel in their physical properties: the name comes from the fact that they are made from gels.
Pressing softly on an aerogel typically does not leave even a minor mark. pressing more firmly will leave a permanent depression.
Pressing extremely firmly will cause a catastrophic breakdown in the sparse structure, causing it to shatter like glass (a property known as friability), although more modern variations do not suffer from this. Despite the fact that it is prone to shattering, it is very strong structurally. Its impressive load-bearing abilities are due to the dendritic microstructure, in which spherical particles of average size 2–5 nm are fused together into clusters.
These clusters form a three-dimensional highly porous structure of almost fractal chains, with pores just under 100 nm. The average size and density of the pores can be controlled during the manufacturing process.
Aerogel is a material that is 99.8% air.
Aerogels have a porous solid network that contains air pockets, with the air pockets taking up the majority of space within the material.
The lack of solid material allows aerogel to be almost weightless.
Aerogels are good thermal insulators because they almost nullify two of the three methods of heat transfer conduction (they are mostly composed of insulating gas) and convection (the microstructure prevents net gas movement).
They are good conductive insulators because they are composed almost entirely of gases, which are very poor heat conductors. (Silica aerogel is an especially good insulator because silica is also a poor conductor of heat; a metallic or carbon aerogel, on the other hand, would be less effective.)
They are good convective inhibitors because air cannot circulate through the lattice.
Aerogels are poor radiative insulators because infrared radiation (which transfers heat) passes through them.
Aerogel materials exhibit the lowest thermal conductivities of any of the solid or porous materials.
This key property of the material leads to many applications including insulation for architectural purposes“
“Aerogels, Invented in 1931 by Dr. Samuel Kistler at the College of the Pacific in California, a product that has been in existence for more than 80 years.
Silica aerogel is a lightweight solid derived from gel in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with gas. When the liquid is removed, what remains is “puffed-up sand,” with up to 99% porosity.
The result is an extremely low density solid with several remarkable properties, most notably its effectiveness as a thermal insulator.
The solids in silica aerogels are poor conductors, consist of very small, three-dimensional, intertwined clusters that comprise only 3% of the volume.
Conduction through the solid is therefore very low.
The remaining 97% of the volume of aerogels is composed of air in extremely small nanopores.
The air has little room to move, inhibiting both convection and gas-phase conduction.
These characteristics make aerogels the world’s lowest density solid and most effective thermal insulator.
ABOUT AEROGEL INSULATION
“After many decades as a laboratory curiosity, Aspen Aerogels has successfully commercialized a technically and economically viable form of aerogel for industrial and building insulation uses.
These developments represent the first application of the Aerogel Technology Platform based on silica aerogels.
Aspen Aerogels produces flexible aerogel insulation products that provide up to five times better thermal performance than competing materials while offering versatility, space savings, and easy handling.
Aspen Aerogels offers high-performance aerogel insulation blankets for both hot and cold service applications. Pyrogel®, Cryogel®, and Spaceloft® aerogel blanket insulation products have been widely used in industrial and building insulation markets for over a decade.
Their unique patented process integrates aerogel into a fiber-batting reinforcement to create flexible, resilient and durable aerogel blankets with superior insulating properties.
The aerogel part of the high-performance insulation blankets is comprised of synthetic amorphous silica (SAS).
The other major ingredient in their products is a non-woven, needled batting comprised of either E-glass fibers or a blend of polyester (PET) fibers and E-glass fibers.
Synthetic amorphous silica has been produced for more than 100 years for a variety of uses (adsorbents, fillers, anti-caking agents) and consumer products (toothpaste, cosmetics, food, animal feed).
The US EPA recently listed synthetic amorphous silica as a chemical on the Safer Chemical Ingredient List, part of the Safer Choice program.
The Safer Chemical Ingredients List (SCIL) is a list of chemical ingredients that the Safer Choice Program has evaluated and determined to be safer than traditional chemical ingredients.”
Ultra-Thin aerogel Insulation for thermal management applications
“Nanoporous aerogel materials can be formulated with various heat blocking additives to make incredibly efficient and effective thermal insulation. Aspen’s expertise in designing and manufacturing, thin and flexible aerogel composites has been brought to bear on a new line of insulation for highly demanding applications: Pyrogel AWI.
This product is manufactured in thicknesses as low as 0.7 mm thick with very tight thickness control and with a high degree of flexibility and conformability. Thermal Strip Insulation
Thermablok may be installed either on the exterior or interior side of the wall framing. Insulate the full length of framing members.
Apply to all wall, floor or ceiling framing edges: headers, footers, trusses, window and door frames, floor joist and roof rafters.
The thermal resistance as a function of temperature up to 650ºC is exceptional.
Aspen can manufacture this product at a small scale or customize thickness and formulation to meet your most demanding application environments.”
Vacuum insulation Panels (VIP), by The Authors. International Journal of Energy Research published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.© 2013
Polymeric Vacuum Insulation Spheres
Invention Reference Number… 201603841
“PVIS is unique in that it uses individual spheres to help reduce the risk of from puncture common building materials like nails and prevents the loss of airtightness while increasing thermal conduction
Our polymeric vacuum insulation spheres (PVIS) will be the most significant innovation in high-performing building insulation materials in decades.
PVIS will match the thermal performance of vacuum insulated panels of ~R35/in. while being substantially less susceptible to punctures and easier to install. Additionally, PVIS could be quickly installed in 4 ft x 8 ft boards or spray-applied as part of a membrane or foam. These boards and spray-applied components could be designed so that PVIS has a multifunctional use: serve as the heat, air and moisture barrier, which will decrease the number of installed materials, construction time, and labor cost.”
“A Vacuum Insulation Panel consists of a rigid, highly-porous core material encased in a thin, gas-tight outer envelope. The envelope is evacuated and sealed to prevent outside gases from entering the panel. The combination of porous material and the vacuum results in an extremely high thermal resistance.
The net result is that an inch-thick vacuum insulation panel can provide a center-of-panel insulating value of R-25 or even more—compared with R-6 to R-7 for standard rigid foam insulation.
The key property of a vacuum is its pressure or how “hard” it is.
New research has identified vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) as highly efficient insulators for use in building construction.
They are reported to be several times more effective than conventional materials of similar thickness in terms of thermal conductivity.
Because of their smaller space requirement, VIPs maximize the internal usage area of buildings and so reduce the cost of construction.
There are however some obstacles that have hindered the application of VIPs, notably their high cost, susceptibility to perforation and the long‐term water and gas effects that worsen their performance.
This paper reviews contemporary research on VIP as a state‐of‐the‐art material for building insulation. The main components and physical principles of VIP performance are discussed.
Finally, the review of VIPs available on the market and their performance is provided. © 2013
The Authors. International Journal of Energy Research published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.“
“As a type of superfine thermal insulations, vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) have already been extensively applied in insulating refrigerators, cold storages and building envelopes. However, their thermal insulation performance becomes poor with the increase of internal pressure, which results in a short service life of 5–25 years for commonly used VIPs. To enhance their thermal performance and prolong their service life, VIPs with fiber felt/silica aerogel composite cores were prepared. The microstructure and thermal conductivity of the as-prepared core material were experimentally investigated. Based on the experimental results, theoretical models for predicting the thermal performance and service life of VIPs were firstly developed. By using the models the effects of aerogel density (50–200 kg m−3) and fiber content (0–20 vol.%) on the thermal performance and the service life of VIPs with aerogel composite cores were studied. The results indicated that a minimum insulation thickness with 5.6 mm was obtained by optimizing the fiber content for a maximum U-value of 0.6 W m−2 K−1 in accordance with the building efficiency standard of the cold area in China of the energy efficiency of public buildings (GB 50189-2015). Finally, the simultaneous effects of the aerogel density and fiber content on service life were further explored by using the service life contour. A long service life with over 50 years was achieved for VIPs with aerogel composite cores, which could promote their applications in building thermal insulation for energy efficiency.”
Building Insulation & Cold Insulation vacuum insulated panel
Thermal Visions is a world leader in research, development, and production of Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP).
Introducing THRESHHOLD™R 50
“THRESHHOLD™R 50 is “The Next Step”in vacuum insulation. At 50 R/inch (Thermal Conductivity 0.020 BTU-in/ft²-hr-F or 2.88 mW/m-K), it is a leader in performance. See the product datasheet for detailed information. It can be purchased in thicknesses from 0.2 to 2.0 inches (5 mm to 51 mm) and from very small panels to very large panels (39 inches wide by 50 inches long or 1 meter wide by 1.27 meters long).
THRESHHOLD™ R 50vacuum insulation allows whole new opportunities in product design. Its exceptional high thermal performance allows much thinner insulation (up to 7 times thinner than urethane foam) or much lower energy use and/or a combination of reduced thickness and reduced energy use.
THRESHHOLD™ R 50can be ordered in virtually any thickness from 0.2 to 2.0 inches (5 mm to 51 mm) thick and from very small panels to panels that are 39 inches (1 meter) wide by 50 inches (1.27 meter) long. Panels that are less than 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) thick can be bent to go around corners. Because the panels are under vacuum, panels can not be cut or punctured. Thermal Visions can help guide your design using THRESHHOLD™ R 50 to obtain the maximum performance and value.
THRESHHOLD™ can be used in all sorts of shipping containers from medical to food, to chemical reagents, etc. wherever longer delivery, less dry ice/phase change material, or reduced external dimensions are desired.
THRESHHOLD™ is used in shipping containers for Antarctic core samples to study environmental changes. It provides longer shipping capability.
“A vacuum insulated panel (VIP) is a form of thermal insulation consisting of a nearly gas-tight enclosure surrounding a rigid core, from which the air has been evacuated. It is used in building construction to provide better insulation performance than conventional insulation materials.
Based on a typical value of 0.007 W/(m·K), the R-value of a typical 25 mm-thick VIP would be 3.5 m2·K/W (20 h·ft²·°F/BTU). To provide the same R-value, 154 mm of Rockwool or 84 mm of rigid polyurethane foam panel would be required.”
“The innovative fiberglass reinforced thermoset polymer (FRT) structural ‘skin’ is the most advanced engineered material available for structural wall panel applications. CPBS has combined the best, proven polyurethane foam core technologies with FRT skins to create the revolutionary Composite Structural Insulated Panel (C-SIP) and Composite Structural Insulated Sheathing (C-SIS) building products. The wall panel’s interior and exterior skins create far superior strength and energy efficiency while eliminating thermal transfer and dramatically reducing any air, water or vapor infiltration.”
Composite Panel Building Systems
RAY-CORE, INC. Insulated SIP Roof Panels and Wall Panels
“RAYCORE’s Structural Insulated Roof Panels and Insulated Wall Panels (SIPs) are NOT A SANDWICH PANEL SIP that consists of two sheets of OSB, glued to a solid foam core.
RAY-CORE SIPs ™ is far superior – eliminating all the problems associated with traditional Sandwich Panel SIPs. RAYCORE takes the proven structural reliability of studs, adds a state-of-the-art custom blend of closed-cell polyurethane foam insulation and wraps the panel with a foil radiant barrier to combine these three technologies into one strong, lightweight, structurally sound, labor-saving and easy to use insulated SIP roof panel, insulated wall panel, and insulated header framing panel system. So easy to use, even a DIY do-it-yourselfer can build with RAY-CORE SIPs ™!”
RAYCORE Polyurethane Foam
“This state-of-the-art custom blend of high-density closed-cell polyurethane foam not only produces some of the highest R-values available, but it also has a low perm rate and will not retain or allow moisture to pass through it, so no problems with condensation or mold and mildew.
It also ensures an airtight structure.
Further, it produces all of these benefits while maintaining a Class 1 Fire Rated standard.
Class 1 means that the foam will not sustain a flame.
Far, far superior to polystyrene foam, RAYCORE’s quality control standards will not settle for less.”
Foil Radiant Barrier
“The paper-thin high-tech foil radiant vapor barrier is similar to an emergency heat blanket, helps to reflect the outside temperatures out and the inside temperatures in on any structure.”
Is There a Place for Vacuum Insulation in our Buildings?
ask BuildingGreen in their blog post
Microtherm’s vacuum insulation panel, with a microporous substrate covered with an impermeable aluminum skin
“Hollow particle-based insulation material will have R-values approximately 2.25 times higher than that of conventional insulation materials such as polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam boards.
Therefore, a much thinner layer of the material will achieve the same level of insulating value as that of a much thicker layer of the available insulation materials, which enables easier retrofitting of buildings where space is limited.
Superior robustness of the hollow particle-based material compared to the state-of-the-art insulation materials, such as aerogels and vacuum insulation panels, will also improve the ease of handling and installation, while lower costs will make it a more affordable option for American households.”
Oak Ridge National Laboratory – Oak Ridge, TN


Green Buildings For A Greener World
With increasing effects of global warming on our environment, implementing sustainable solutions in every aspect of our life has become crucial and it should start with adopting a green living, be it the items we use or the place we call home!
What are Green Buildings? Why there is a need to build them?
Green Buildings also known as Sustainable Buildings refer to the structure and environmentally responsible, resource-efficient implementation of the process that involves designing, constructing, operating and maintaining the structure.
According to the U.S. Green Building Council, “Generally, green homes are healthier, more comfortable, more durable, and more energy efficient and have a much smaller environmental footprint than conventional homes.”
Green buildings have become a priority for not just the real estate builders but the consumers too as they have started acknowledging the need to have an energy efficient, cost saving & sustainable property that leads to a healthy living. They also want to ensure that their investments and savings are associated with greener homes.
As per a survey conducted by National Real Estate Investor, green building have become one of the most important commercial real estate strategies & it is continuously competing to be known as the new industry standard. This survey received responses from 218 corporate users and 166 developers of the commercial real estate to conclude that 52% of corporate respondents and 39% of developer respondents currently own, manage or lease at least some “green” properties in the US.
What is USGBC? What is a LEED certification?
The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) is a membership-based non-profit organization that promotes sustainability in building design, construction, and operation by transforming the way buildings are designed, constructed, and operated through LEED.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), is the most widely used green building rating system in the world. They provide a framework that can be used to build energy efficient and cost-saving sustainable buildings, projects seeking a LEED certification are rated as certified, silver, gold, and platinum. Projects earn points across various categories such as energy use, indoor environmental quality, materials used etc to get certified.
Alembic City’s MasterCard Building receives USGBC ‘Gold Rated’ LEED Certification
Alembic Real Estate always believes in bringing a perfect balance to the today’s lifestyle and rapidly degrading environment by designing & building elegant green spaces for work and living.
Our one such effort was to build a significant sustainable commercial real estate buildings located in Alembic City, a business park in Vadodara, India. Right from designing the building our focus was to include:
By adopting the best practices implemented at the project site, be it electric vehicle charging points, bringing in various plant species for landscapes, provision of bicycle parking slots to reduce the carbon footprint.
2. Water Efficiency:
Utilizing water to the fullest with the use of Rainwater Harvesting, Drip Irrigation System, and Wastewater Treatment that helped to achieve more than 50% water usage reduction in the project.
3. Energy and Atmosphere:
With the efficient usage of VRF based AC, the refrigerants and fire suppression system of the building which is free from ozone-depleting substance, and LED lighting the project was able to achieve 15% energy savings as compared to ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) base case.
4. Materials & Resources:
With the usage of building materials with recycled content and procuring the materials locally, the project had a lesser carbon footprint.
5. Indoor Environmental Quality:
Keeping the importance of occupant comfort in mind, the entire campus is built with materials that have low VOC(Volatile organic compounds) and lead to a better air quality not just in campus but inside the buildings too.
Since 1907, our persistent goal has been to enhance the quality of life through high-quality products and services. This approach is what has brought us to the point that our efforts towards a greener world have been recognized by the USGBC. We wish to continue building sustainable solutions to make the world a better place. Together we can build a stronger future!


Roof repair and maintenance costs have been out of control for many property owners in recent decades. When property owners cut costs, the maintenance processes become less efficient and the amount you need to spend rises. When upgrades become more costly, having a reliable and easy to maintain home becomes much more desirable.
Sprayed polyurethane foam requires significantly less expenditure on repair and maintenance than most other roofing systems for several factors. The insulation system is self-supporting, which means there’s no need for fasteners. The uniform appearance of the roof makes damage detection very easy. More importantly, in-house staff can do almost all of the repairs.
How to Do Roof Inspections
The first step of any roof repair is regular roof inspections. You can’t repair a roof right if you can’t find the damage. Roof inspections should be done at least twice a year, usually in spring and fall. The fall inspection has you primed for the winter season, while the spring inspection will reveal any damage that winter might have done.
If you’re doing a roof inspection, make a checklist and get a sketch of your roof so you’ll know exactly what to look for. Write down where any damage was found. Log all previous roof inspection documents. Keep a roof repair file as well. Include in there all technical datasheets, original roof measurements, copies of warranty, and the contact details for your roof contractor and manufacturer.
Test all gutters, drains, and scuppers while inspecting the roof. Check all roofing units for possible penetrations. Take a good look at the roof edges, flashes, control and expansion joints, and similar structures. Be sure to check the entire roof surface, hoping to find any defect.
How to Do Roof Maintenance
As a preventive measure, always remove any debris from the roofing system while inspecting the roof. Ensure that there is no unwanted debris up there, such as timber, tools, and other stuff. Ensure that all vents are clear. More importantly, try to reduce foot traffic on the roof during maintenance checks. If possible, try to create walkways.
Perform all common roof repair tasks immediately. Minor punctures, holes, cracks, splits, minor blisters on the roof surface are the most common issues to handle. If you see these on your roof, contact the roof repair experts immediately, including the one who installed the roof’s spray foam insulation
How to Hire Reputable Roof Repair Experts
These problems have to be addressed immediately and the experts in foam roof repair Albuquerque would know what to do. While most building owners choose to perform the necessary roof repairs, hiring roof repair companies with expert technicians is highly recommended as they can you assure with more efficient and effective repair work. They can handle the job better than you could.
Investing in professional roof repair and installation should be everybody’s goal. While it is more expensive to do it that way, you’re actually doing yourself a favor now because you won’t have to worry about your roof for many years to come.


Fix My House!
Our team can evaluate the situation and determine the most cost-effective course of action.
Saber industries Inc. is one of the largest foundation repair companies in Manitoba, working on both residential and commercial buildings. Saber Industries Inc. was incorporated in 1993 and continues to operate under the same management. Saber has over 30 years of experience within the foundation repair field. We perform very little new construction but specialize in structural repairs throughout Winnipeg such as underpinning, lifting houses, wall bracing, wall replacements, waterproofing, drainage systems, and basement floor replacement. We deal with:
Cracks in foundation walls
Cracks in the foundation
Wet basement floors
Window well installations
Heaving basement floors
In 1997, Saber Industries Inc. invented and patented a perforated sump pit which is designed to act like a well under basement floor slabs. It is designed to reduce excess water content under floor slabs and help prevent an upward movement of a basement floor. This product is available throughout Canada and the United States of America. It can also be used to lower radon gas inside buildings.
Saber Industries Inc. works in conjunction with numerous engineering firms for both residential and commercial properties. Saber Industries Inc. is also a member of the engineering society, Better Business Bureau and National Air Barrier Association.
Whether you’re looking for immediate concrete wall bracing or a quote on waterproofing your basement, Saber Industries Inc. is prepared to help! All of our installations are backed by warranty!


As of December 1, 2016, Douglas Nemeckay has joined the Ohio Valley Group as their landscape architect. He can be reached at Douglas.Nemeckay@ohiovalleygroup.com or by calling (440) 543-0500.
At Douglas Nemeckay & Associates, Inc. we understand that the design process always starts with the customer. We make every effort to interview and frequently interact with our customers in order to establish design and quality benchmarks which we know must be met or exceeded in order for the project to be a success.
We approach each project as a unique opportunity to create a design which will surpass our client's expectations.
Our attention to detail and quality does not stop at the end of the design process. We believe that the most beautifully designed plan needs the same degree of expertise in the observation of the project during the implementation phase. We will be present during the entire construction period to insure that the plans are adhered to and the highest standards of construction are followed.
A significantly important aspect of bidding out the project is the cost savings which will be realized by the client. Without competitive bidding the client never has the opportunity to compare pricing from multiple contractors on the same set of conditions.
At every stage of the design and implementation phases we strive to protect the integrity of the design and the best interests of our clients.


City, Irkutsk Region, east-central Russia. It lies along the Angara River just belowits confluence with the Oka. Pop. (1991 est.) 259,400.
A fort was founded there in 1631, but the settlement remainedunimportant until 1954, when the Tayshet-Lena railway through Bratsk was built and work started on the Bratsk hydroelectric station (completed in 1964), one of the world's largest.
A huge aluminum works and a timber-processing plant were built to utilise the Bratsk Dam's power.


Chris R. Caron, Regional Compliance Manager, Kiewit Construction
- Learn about the unique regulatory challenges in the construction industry and the evolution of a compliance program, from a rigid project assessment focus to a flexible risk mitigation focus.
- See the rapid development of a modern compliance program, the pitfalls encountered over the past 10 years of the program, and the frequent challenges presented by our clients and our employees.
- Learn how a program provides targeted education, flexible risk mitigation tools, and systems that integrate into the construction environment to make compliance efficient in a schedule-driven environment.
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We currently produce a wide range of concrete kerbs. These include 600mm and 375mm dwarf wall kerbs which are pictured.
Other kerbs include 150 x 50 – flat and round top, 150 x 75, 200 x 100 and 250 x 125.
Manufacture a variety of water channels. These include dished channels as well as the slotted type. We have recently starting making new open channels which include a steel grating. Pictures above are our full range of channels.
We currently manufacture concrete Cattle drinkers for the farming industry.
Currently we have 4 different types which include the standard single and double drinkers(pictured). As well as this we have recently starting producing 40 gallon and 75 gallon drinkers to cater for the larger farms. These are designed in such a way to eradicate the risk of breaking or cracking during severe winter weather.
We manufacture a wide variety of Pre- Cast and Pre-Stressed concrete lintels.
Our range includes 140 x 100 (6×4) 215 x 100 (9×4) which are most commonly used in new builds.
100 x 75 (4×3) – these are becoming increasingly popular as cavity fillers.
140 x 140 (6×6) 215 x 140 (9×6) – both these type are used when building with 140mm (6”) blocks – commonly in sheds and when pre-stressed slabs are being used
We also manufacture 140 x 100 (6×4) 215 x 100 (9×4) in Pre- Stressed lintels
We have been manufacturing fire hydrant boxes for the water mains industry since the company began. Our boxes are easy to handle, coming in two different section sizes and three different heights as shown in the tables below.
To compliment our boxes we also manufacture water marker posts to help identify what valves or water mains are underground.
From the assembled box sections shown, you can see how the bases and covers are used. The base has a 225mm diameter hole in the centre, which allows the valve to come up through into the inspection chamber. The box sections are then built to the desired height using the various heights available.
The concrete cover is optional depending on what steel cover you are using. If you are using a steel square cover, it will fit directly onto the concrete section, thus a concrete cover is not required. If you are using a round steel cover, you will need to use a concrete cover as shown left.
We have been manufacturing fire hydrant chambers for the water mains industry since the company began. Our chambers are easy to handle, coming in two different section sizes and three different heights as shown in the tables below.
To compliment our chambers we also manufacture water main posts to help identify where a water mains is underground.
From the detail shown, you can see how the concrete base is placed on the ground under the valve, then the chamber with the pipe opening is placed over the pipe and valve. The chambers are then built to the desired height using the various heights available.
We have an option on which cover you need to use either a cover with a round opening or rectangular opening.


ECI was called out to this suburban location west of Chicago that needed some updating and expansion to the access parking control system. We removed some aging and obsolete barrier gates and replaced them with new updated and more efficient barrier gates. We also added barrier gates at new access points.
We used Magnetic to supply the automatic barrier gates shown above and below. We also wired in the access control devices and furnished and installed the vehicle detector loops.
Two of the vehicle detector loops are shown (see the large rectangles) in the foreground of the above image. Another is shown below at a second access/egress location.
These vehicle detector loops activate the access control devices when a vehicle approaches to gain entry and another relays the gate to open when a vehicle approaches to exit. Once a vehicle clears the area below the gate an egress vehicle detector loops relays to close the barrier gate.
These automatic barrier gates are designed to control lanes up to 12 feet in width. Gates can open and close quickly for high traffic locations. Tailgating vehicles are also detected. Gates can operate for up to 10 million opening and closing cycles.
Articulated arms are an option for low ceiling areas and breakaway flanges can completely detach the arm in case of violent collision so as not to damage the operator. Lighting options are available for the barrier arms at night. Heaters and backup batteries are also available. The operator housings are available in numerous colors (shown here in orange).
ECI can design and provide all of your parking access and revenue control needs as well as integration with access control systems. We furnish turnkey installations to save both time and investment. We also service and maintain existing equipment.
Call ECI at 847.949.0134 to discuss your need today. Or click below for direct contact information or to use our contact form.