Its no surprise that construction projects come with a huge waste and can be a nightmare to a contractor that is not adequately prepared. Whether it is a home remodeling job or a sizeable commercial construction project, you should expect to get debris from cutoffs of material, scrap, tiles, landscaping, and roofing materials.
So, how do you effectively get rid of construction waste without incurring the wrath of environmental protection agencies?
Before you could effectively manage the mess from a construction site, you should evaluate the waste.
Things to know:
The type of waste
Furthermore, it is vital to understand that the waste coming from a construction site is categorized into two categories:
- General construction debris – roofing materials, fixtures, insulation/wiring, drywall, and wood
- Heavy debris from a construction site – concrete, asphalt, stone, metals, gravel, bricks and blocks
Therefore, no matter the type or category of construction waste you’re generating, contacting a professional from Spotless Dumpster Rental will help you get rid of construction debris, waste from a demolition site or landscaping materials.
Choose from a range of dumpster sizes
It doesn’t matter how much construction debris you are dealing with; we have the right size that will fit your need. We have 20 and 30 yard dumpsters that are ready for delivery to your construction site. For smaller home improvement jobs, you can use the 10 and 15 yard dumpsters.
With the availability of our dumpsters and prompt customer service, you can easily remove construction waste from your site. Dumpsters for heavy debris are available, and in addition to that, our knowledgeable staff members will give you expert assistance, so you could make the right choice.
Get flat rate prices and fast delivery
Spotless Dumpster Rental has simplified the process of renting a construction dumpster. Our procedure is seamless and affordable for contractors, realtors, homeowners and commercial facility managers. Our prices are fixed, and there are no hidden fees. You will get fast delivery and pick up once we receive your calls.
For contractors managing emergency jobs, our knowledgeable staff will help you to develop a detailed waste management plan. You will save more when we work as a team in your construction site, why not give us a call for more details.
We provide eco-friendly waste disposal services
Hauling off materials like concrete, steel, tiling, wood, drywall and roofing materials can be a difficult task when you don’t have a reliable dumpster company by your side. Whether you are embarking on demolition, remodeling or new construction, getting rid of leftover debris is not easy!
The good news is that Spotless Dumpster will always be there for you – no matter the time and the magnitude of your construction project. During and after the completion of your project, we are readily available for the pickup or disposal of the construction waste. Our dumpster rental services are efficient, safe and eco-friendly.
If you can contact us by filling out the form on our website or calling our customer service reps. We will get to your site for the disposal of your construction debris. We are the dumpster pros in town, and you should not miss out of the eco-friendly and affordable services we offer.


Testing the potential for tidal energy around the Faroe Islands.
2017 - 2018
SEV, Minesto, RÁK Ocean Engineering
In 2017-2018 RÁK Ocean Engineering was assigned to investigate the tidal energy potential in the Faroe Islands for the local power company SEV.
The project involved quantify the tidal energy at different sites in the Faroe Islands. Furthermore it also involved assessing the commercial readiness of the tidal turbine technology available at that time.
The project culminated with the signing of a collaboration agreement between SEV and Minesto to test two DG 100 kites in Vestmannasund.
EIC SME instruments are supporting this test project with €2.5 million.


Port Master Planning
The draft Queensland Ports Strategy published by the Queensland Government in October 2013 recommends 30 year Port Master Plans be developed for the proposed Priority Port Development Areas of Abbot Point and Hay Point/Mackay. The Master Plans will provide a strategic vision for these ports. The Queensland Government is developing statutory guidelines for preparation of these Master Plans which are expected to be released in the second half of 2014. As port authority for these ports, NQBP will develop Master Plans to comply with the guidelines on their release.
NQBP’s Port Master Plans will clearly communicate our long-term development plans to the community, providing direction to NQBP about future infrastructure investments and staging, and facilitating the development of NQBP’s Land Use Plans.
In order to prepare the Master Plans, NQBP will be reviewing infrastructure capacity and optimisation, identifying environmental constraints and assessing the future trade-related opportunities in the regions.
To ensure the Master Plans reflect the ideas and concerns of NQBP’s stakeholders, feedback will be sought during the preparation of the Master Plans for each port. The draft Master Plan will then be made available to the broader community for comment before it is finalised and submitted to the Queensland Government for approval under proposed new ports legislation.
Land Use Plans
The Land Use Plans outline NQBP’s Strategic Port Land and governs the location of new development and operations at our ports.
NQBP’s Land Use Plans are developed in accordance with the Transport Infrastructure Act 1994 and are reviewed and rewritten at least every eight years. All new development on Strategic Port Land must comply with the requirements of the Land Use Plan.
NQBP’s Land Use Plans complement NQBP’s Master Plans.
All new development or operations on Strategic Port Land must be approved by NQBP. NQBP also acts as Assessment Manager under the Sustainable Planning Act for new development on Strategic Port Land.
NQBP’s Development Guidelines govern the physical and operational aspects of development on NQBP’s Strategic Port Land. NQBP has three Development Guidelines:
- Port of Hay Point Development Guidelines
- Port of Mackay Development Guidelines
- Port of Abbot Point Development Guidelines
Development at the Port of Weipa must comply with the Port of Mackay Development Guidelines.
The Development Guidelines outline the performance criteria that must be satisfied to address NQBP’s assessment requirements.
You will need to complete an NQBP development assessment application form.
Note: A new Development Code is being prepared to replace the three Development Guidelines. Like the existing Development Guidelines, the new Development Code will guide the physical and operational aspects of development on NQBP’s Strategic Port Land. The new Development Code will outline the process to obtain NQBP’s approval, the material that must be provided to NQBP to support a new proposal, as well as the criteria that must be satisfied to address NQBP’s assessment requirements.


https://www.shoghlk.com/en/jobs/36209-وظائف-مهندسين-لحديثى-التخرج-بشركة-ecip

Ecip is hiring:
Junior Procurement Engineer
• Analyze technical data and specifications to determine the needs for projects.
• Preparing RFQ and sending them to (Suppliers-Sub-contractor) to get their technical and financial offers.
• Negotiate with (sub-contractors-suppliers) on lead time, cost, and quality so as to obtain the maximum benefit for the company (according to the target price)
• Issue technical and commercial comparisons based on received offers.
• Prepare material submittal and follow up with the site team to eliminate consultants.
-Bachelor’s Degree in civil or ARCH Engineering
- Experience: 0:1 year


1. What is Foundation Repair
The term “Foundation Repair” is misleading; the word “repair” typically denotes that something
is broken and needs fixing. Typically speaking, what takes place when a foundation fails is that it
actually settles beyond an acceptable point, causing components of the superstructure to
become distressed or misaligned. This type of structural movement can and does lead to failures
of the superstructure components that can ultimately lead to total structure failure or collapse.
Now, total failure is a very extreme circumstance and is in no way common. More common
occurrences are damage to cosmetic veneers such as brick or stone, flooring such as ceramic
tiles, sheetrock, door frames and most commonly doors that do not fit in their frames and fail to
The fix: Foundation Repair solutions can vary depending on the type of structure afflicted by
movement. For your structures built on a concrete slab on grade the typical repair will consist of
some kind of piling, or pier for short. Once the needed pilings are installed the structure can be
vertically moved to appropriate the surface levels as close to original elevation as possible.
Should the afflicted structure be of Pier & Beam or Block & Base construction (having a crawl
space under the house) the typical repair would consist of leveling the structure over the
existing block supports, with the addition or replacement of wooden components and or
concrete block materials.
In short, the term “Foundation Repair” in most cases should be called foundation leveling via
underpinning. “Foundation Repair” isn’t quite as much of a mouthful and generally covers the
idea that something is wrong and needs attention; but the use of the term has created some
misconceptions within the world of homeownership and the industry.
Cracked slabs: Such a dramatically overused term used to oversimplify the issues and relay the
message that attention needs to be paid to the deficiency at hand. Check any engineering
manual written to cover concrete, every piece of concrete in the world has a crack of some form
or another in it; the Hoover Dam has cracks in it, yet it continues to this day to hold an
enormous amount of water that if released would cause catastrophe on an unimaginable scale.
Yes, your concrete slab home has cracks in the foundation; no, those cracks are in no way an
indication that the structure will collapse with you and your loved ones inside of it.
Most concrete cracks in the drying stages and in order to begin to understand why we need to
get back to our high school science basics. The first question is: what happens when something
dries? Much like wet laundry, the drying of concrete is simply the evaporation of water. That
evaporation of water causes a chemical change in the cement that causes it to become very
dense and rigid, making it a suitable material to build structures on or out of. But what happens
to the volume of space occupied by the water that was once there? Much like a dish sponge
when left wet on the kitchen sink, the void doesn’t remain, rather the overall volume of the
piece of concrete is reduced by the volume of water removed in the drying process. Just like a
piece of cheesecake left out overnight, the shrinking of the concrete material results in small
fractures in the surface that may alarm someone none the wiser. These shrinkage cracks are not
in any way a structural deficiency and should cause zero worry, it’s all part of the process.
Foundation repair relies on a couple of different factors, let’s discuss this regarding a concrete
slab on grade built to residential specifications. Factor number one is density, if the foundation
cannot withstand a compressive force sufficient to raise the structure, the repair will not
function. Second is stiffness or rigidity; if the concrete does not possess the proper stiffness it
may want to fold, for lack of better term, between the points of support. Support points can be
looked at as both the point where the foundation is supported by the pilings and the point
where the foundation is naturally resting on the soil. Most foundation repairs are partial
underpinnings where the entire slab is not afflicted by movement. A common example can be
that the right-hand side of the structure can have experienced settlement whereas the left-hand
side is as it was the day it was built. Most single-family residences are going to have a sufficient
foundation under the home and should withstand a repair job without much issue. Should the
foundation be too brittle or maybe too thin to provide the necessary stiffness, a proper solution
should be entertained from either your foundation repair contractor or an engineer.
Pressed Pilings: Here comes the biggest controversy in the industry. Do pressed pilings actually
work? The short answer is yes, they absolutely work; but not for the reasons you might think.
Let’s ask the question what tool is better, a hammer or a screwdriver? Both are used to secure
fasteners to wood, but neither one is better than the other; they simply perform different tasks
to ultimately perform the same end function of installing a fastener. The same argument can be
had for the variety of different piling methods. Pressed pilings only work when the immediate
load of the structure at the installation site of a particular piling is great enough to overcome the
resistance that the soil will apply to the piling segment as it is driven into the earth. Fortunately
for us, most single-family residences possess the proper immediate load to install the industry
accepted segmented pressed pilings without boringly reliable results.
Understanding what we just discussed above regarding pressed pilings installed under a slab on
grade foundation we can move on to how a pressed piling works. Let’s talk table legs for a
moment, the way a table leg functions is that it transfers the load of that corner of the table to
the floor. The only way this load can be supported is if the load bearing substance (in this
example the floor) must withstand the increased pressures applied by the reduced surface area
of the table leg at its point of contact with the floor. Fortunately, the floor in your home is
designed to withstand the weight of the entire superstructure and therefore will indefinitely
support your dining room table. This can also apply to pressed pilings but only in very specific
circumstances. Some type of load bearing strata needs to be available within the depths capable
of your piling which in speaking regarding sites located in Texas, can be found where more
accessible large deposits of limestone can serve as the kitchen floor as in the above example.
More commonly, the pressed pilings act as a friction piling, where the resistance to support the
home comes from the applied friction of the soil being imposed to the entire surface area of the
pile shaft as it is driven into the earth. This friction applied to the piling only increases as the pile
is driven deeper into the ground, the two most common factors that increase friction are the
added density of the soil due to compaction and the increase in applied surface area due to
additional segments of the pile being installed. The more surface area applied the better the
frictional coefficient will be, this is why drag racing cars use slick tires in leu of tires designed to
perform in the rain.


Ground Penetrating Radar &
3D Laser Scanning (LiDAR)
Our Ground Penetrating Radar “GPR” services provide accurate imagery of what lies
beneath the ground.
Our Light-Detection and Ranging “LiDAR” services provide accurate three dimensional point clouds and models of what resides
above the ground.
GPR Engineering’s imaging solutions are
We are here to save you time and money
by providing crucial project data.
GPR Engineering has been providing Kentucky, West Virginia, Southern Indiana, Southern Ohio, and Northern Tennessee with ground penetrating radar and LiDAR services
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TraxTrader offer one of the worlds largest selections of used Doosan construction equipment. The distinctive orange coloured Doosan equipment stands out in more ways than one.
Renowned Globally as a market leader in the crawler excavator marketplace, our used Doosan DX excavators are hugely sought after. Arguably the most popular is our used Doosan DX225 excavator which is a 21.5 tonne machine available in many different configurations. Similarly the 30 tonne used Doosan DX300 and the used Doosan DX340 excavators are extremely well liked models.
Like most excavator manufacturers, Doosan also offer large scale mining models in the form of the Doosan DX700 and used Doosan DX800 80t excavator. At the opposite end of the scale, used Doosan mini excavator are also part of the DX range, with the smallest used Doosan DX10 1 tonne mini digger to the hugely versatile used Doosan DX27Z mini excavator, we have all models and operating sizes available.
If its Midi excavator size you need, the used Doosan DX63 is around the 6.5tonne size with the larger used Doosan DW85R also available for the heavier jobs.
For onsite mobility where digging capabilities are not compromised, used Doosan wheeled excavators could be the perfect solution. The Doosan DX wheeled excavators available include used Doosan DX190W 19tonne machines and the commonly used Doosan DX210W.
Doosan also offer an extensive range of front end loader in their DL range. TraxTrader have numerous used Doosan front end loaders such as the Doosan DL200 wheel loader and other used Doosan DL250 wheel loader variations.
Completing the comprehensive Doosan equipment range is our articulated dump truck offering of used Doosan A30 and used Doosan A40 articulated dumpers. For all used Doosan equipment needs, come to TraxTrader for the widest choice.


Hydronic Heating Systems uses the process of Hydronics, which uses heat from hot water to provide heating for a building or domestic homes. If used correctly, Hydronic heating systems can be very economical and a highly effective form of central heating. This is because of the properties of water being an excellent transfer medium.
Hydronic heating systems generally consist of the water being heated in some sort of boiler, and then pumped through piping
to panel radiators or convectors, of which these can be positioned in any room. Heat is then transferred directly from these panels to the
Other variations of Hydronic Heating include;
Infloor Hydronic Heating or Hydronic Radiant Floor Heating Systems in which heated water is pumped through piping laid in a concrete floor during the construction of a building. Heat is released into the slab, and subsequently into the room. Also there is Tankless Hydronic Heating and Hydronic Baseboard Heating.
Benefits of hydronic heating include:
- Compared to ducted heating systems, hydronic heating systems have little or no air movement, which means air quality doesnt deteriorate due to repeatedly circulating dust and impurities. This is a great benefit for allergy sufferers.
- Hydronic heating has been widely used for almost a
- Control valves to each panel allows rooms to zoned and heated
independently, enabling running costs to be
- Heat from hydronic heating systems can silently distributed.
- Feeling warm can be achieved within 30 minutes from turning the system on.
- Is low maintenance.


In the twenty-first century, building resilience is one of our most urgent social and economic issues because we live in a world that is defined by disruption. Not a month goes by that we don’t see some kind of disturbance to the normal flow of life."
- Judith Rodin, The Resilience Dividend: Being Strong in a World Where Things Go Wrong
The word resilience can take on many different meanings. It can refer to the rebuilding after the tornado that leveled Joplin, MO or dealing with the aftermath of the civil unrest in Ferguson, MO. Resilience addresses the need to better prepare for and adapt to a changing planet where we’re seeing record global temperatures in the past two years and 2016 is on record to top that. Resilience can be implemented at the city scale, something that is underway in St. Louis as one of the Rockefeller Foundation’s 100 Resilient Cities. Resilience also refers to the critical need for fostering strong social capital which is a major factor in a community’s ability to address disruption of any kind. Overall, resilience signifies the capacity to adapt to changing conditions and to maintain or regain functionality and vitality in the face of disturbances whether natural or manmade.
Resilience can be explored from multiple perspectives. Social resilience reinforces the role of communities in building resilience, environmental resilience examines the role of natural systems to serve as mentors and models for resilience, and infrastructure resilience looks at the role of built structures and systems in fostering resilience. Likewise, resilience applies to a wide range of disciplines and experience – environmental studies, history, urban planning, business, political science, design, to name a few.
Here are a few readings about resilience that give some insight into this important topic:
- The Resilience Plan for the City of New Orleans 10 years after Hurricane Katrina
- Rebuild by Design competition sponsored by HUD that identifies innovative solutions to respond and adapt to changing conditions in the NY region
- Washington Post article about the difference between communities that bounce back and those that do not
ABOUT THIS AUTHOR
Mary Ann Lazarus, FAIA is an architect and educator working on accelerating shifts in the design of the built environment to sustainable and resilient outcomes. With over 35 years of architectural experience at HOK, a global design firm, Mary Ann served as HOK’s global sustainable design director for over a decade promoting the implementation of sustainable strategies in all of HOK’s work and clients. Mary Ann recently served as the Resident Fellow on Sustainability at the American Institute of Architects addressing how architects can expand impact in sustainability and resilience.
As adjunct faculty at Washington University, she works with students across disciplines on defining new approaches to healthy, resilient solutions. Mary Ann is a former member of the Washington University Board of Trustees.
Mary Ann Lazarus teaches Introduction to Resilience at University College. This new course explores the multiple aspects of resilience from social, environmental and infrastructure perspectives and the key strategies to foster resilience across all scales. Students will be guided to apply course skills and strategies based on their own interests and goals.


End Suction Pumps
- Lead free material unlike bronze
- Oxidation & Corrosion Resistant.
- Stronger & Stiffer than Bronze.
- Higher modulus of elasticity compared to Si-Br.
Double Suction Pumps
We took our tried-and-true design methods and digitized them by simulating the pumps using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
Hydro Pneumatic Pump Sets
- Water supply and waste water applications
- Start and stop of the pumps on level
- Pumps rotation on running time or pump start
Vertical Multi Stage Pumps
- Water Supply and pressure boosting
- Water treatment
- Light industry
- Irrigation and farming
Horizontal Multi Stage Pumps
- Robust industrial design
- Minimal leakage risk
- Supremely efficient
- Flexible solutions
- Pumping of sewage with suspended solids and filaments
- Draining of septic tanks, sumps and wastewater discharge tanks
Borewell Type Pumps
Within our borehole pump range from 4E to 12E together with turbine pumps we now offer flows up to 3,500 m3/h and head up to 700m.
- Standard internal flushed BUNA / carbon seal
- Precisely machined rigid motor bracket


When it comes time to do repair work on your North Metro roof, you have two options. You can either call a roofing contractor to do the work for you or you can do the repairs on your own.
A common problem with roofing repairs is that people tend to ignore them. Of course, if you are ignoring a problem, you don’t have to deal with it at all. However, as with most household problems, the longer you let them go, the more severe they become. If you have a leak in your home or see water damage on the ceiling, it’s time to do something about it now. You don’t want to wait until the leak gets worse or until the whole ceiling is damaged. However, this is what most people do.
Choosing a North Metro Georgia Roof Installation Contractor
Now that you know that you must tackle this job, you need to see where the problem actually is coming from. If you are going to try to tackle this job on your own, then it’s time to do some investigating. The roof cavity is the best place to start. Check for signs of a leak, water stains, mold or moisture damage. Oftentimes, this may be in an attic area or around a chimney.
Roofing professionals are called professionals for a very good reason. They are skilled at their given profession, which in this case would be roofing. They know what needs to be done to fix a roof properly and they also have the tools and equipment to do the work. Also, a professional roofer is used to working on roofs. Their chances of falling and hurting themselves are much less than if you attempt to try it. There are many accidents each year by people who are not in good health attempting to climb on roofs to do the job themselves.
When choosing a professional, however, don’t be too hasty in making your decision. As in any profession, there are going to be variations on roofing companies. While some will be more expensive, some will cost less, but this doesn’t mean that they are going to do a good job. On the other hand, you must use good discretion and ask questions to make sure you are getting what you pay for.
A professional roofer should come to your property and take a look before giving you an estimate. Once the estimate is done, you should receive a copy of an invoice that lists each cost separately. This is important for when you compare various contractors. You want to make sure that the estimates you are receiving are for the same work and materials.
Commercial Roofing Leak Repair: What to Expect
In the past, we here in Virginia would just throw things away without much concern as to how it affected the environment. Construction debris became one of the main problems facing landfills over the years. To solve this problem more and more communities are creating recycling programs, and a roof recycling program alone helps a lot.
Many old roofs are being recycled all over the world. Some types of roofing materials are even being recycled and reused on other buildings.
Old tile roofs are typically recycled and reused in the Richmond area. Old Spanish tile shingles can be salvaged and reused on other buildings as a way to save money. These tiles are removed from old buildings and taken to another site where they are inspected and sorted. Tiles that can be reused are then cleaned and treated. After that they are repackaged and resold for use on other buildings.
It is not just Spanish tiles that are used in a roof recycling program. Just about all other types of roofing materials can be recycled as well.
Asphalt roofing materials are used on over 80% of all homes in Virginia, and these shingles make up the majority of most of the nations landfill problems. With an asphalt roof recycling program these shingles are hauled off and reused for things like asphalt pavement, aggregate base and sub-base, and even fuel oil.
It is estimated that the U.S. generates over 11 million tons on asphalt shingle waste per year. Of that waste 10 million tons of this waste is from homes that have been re-roofed.
Anyone considering a re-roofing project should check to see what type of a roof recycling program is available in their area.
Roof Replacement: Signs That an Asphalt Shingle Roof Needs Replacement
If you own a business then it's inevitable that some day you'll need to have a roof replacement. Years of exposure and wear and tear will take its toll, especially if routine maintenance was not done, and you'll ultimately face some tough decisions regarding your roof. In the best case scenario, you may not need a total roof replacement and will only have to repair select damaged areas; if more serious damage has occurred then a total roof repair replacement will be your only option. You may not be an expert in roofing replacement, but an experienced professional commercial roofing company can assist you in addressing your roofing needs and on ways to save on the cost of roof replacement as well.
Many business owners procrastinate or totally ignore regular roof maintenance and repairs, until it is too late, which is a costly mistake. It is much cheaper to take preventative measures to ensure that your roof lasts than it is to incur the cost of a total roof replacement. What may initially seem like a minor leak or small hole in your commercial roof can cause major problems both on the roof and inside your building sooner than you think. Whether you need a metal roof replacement or a flat roof replacement, both can be a large undertaking depending on the nature of the roof damage.
Common causes of roof damage are varied, but aside from typical weather exposure can include roof overload, blocked gutters, and even fire. A more serious cause of roof damage is asbestos exposure, which is extremely dangerous and harmful once the asbestos is airborne. Asbestos roof encapsulation is available if asbestos was used in the roofing materials but has not been exposed. In this process Insultec, a heat reflective membrane, will be used as a protective barrier to eliminate the possibility of the asbestos fibers becoming airborne and subsequently inhaled by humans. In the unfortunate event that the asbestos is proven to be airborne, then asbestos roof replacement will be necessary and you will need to seek the help of asbestos removal professionals. It is not advisable and is even against the law in some areas to remove asbestos on your own.
Insultec is not only an effective asbestos roof encapsulation product but can be used in various ways during any roof replacement project due to its ability to serve as a protective barrier from heat and water damage. On areas where major damage has not happened, it can serve as a very cost effective method of even avoiding total roof replacement. Using Insultec is a win-win situation, no matter what your roofing needs are.


A new deadline for the completion of the highest railway bridge of the world has been set by the government. Kashmir will soon be connected with the rest of the country through the railway network. The rail line, which will be about 35 m taller than Eiffel Tower, is set to be completed by December 2021.
The project is extremely challenging. While addressing the reporters, Sanjay Gupta, the Chairman of Konkan Railway, said “It is the most challenging task in the 150-year-long history of the railways. The highest railway bridge in the world, connecting Kashmir with the rest of the country through rail line, will be completed by December 2021.”
He added, “The construction of the bridge is the most challenging part of the Kashmir rail link project undertaken post-independence and, once completed, it will be an engineering marvel.”
He further informed that the humongous arch-shaped bridge which will be 359 meters above the river bed, has used more than 5,462 tonnes of steel.
The 1.315 km long structure will connect Kauri (Srinagar) and Bakkal (Katra). Moreover, it will be able to withstand up to 260 mph of wind speeds.
On completion, this engineering marvel will break the record of China’s Beipan river Shuibai railway bridge that is 275 m long.
The upcoming bridge provides an important link in the 111-km stretch between Banihal and Katra-a part of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla rail link project.
Gupta further added that the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla rail link project is extremely crucial for offering a bankable alternative system of transportation to Jammu and Kashmir in order to connect the Valley to the Indian Railways network.
He also added that back in 2002, this project was declared as a national project owing to its importance in providing reliable connectivity in J&K.


Transit planner Joell Anne Vanderwagen talks to Mayor Tory’s Executive about the Scarborough Subway Extension
Good morning fellow passengers on the Titanic. Our Captain is saying “full-speed ahead”, but we know how the story ends. This ship will crash on the rocks of reality—financial and function realities. Although we are being updated about the astronomical and escalating construction costs of the six-kilometre Scarborough Subway project, little is understood about the future operating costs. The latter is the gift that will keep on giving, or rather, taking. In fact, I suggest that this project (along with the Sheppard and Vaughan subways) will bankrupt the TTC.
Back in 1954 the TTC completed Canada’s first subway—the 7.4 Kilometre Yonge line from Union Station to Eglinton. It is said that on opening day there were 30,000 passengers per hour and, on the following days, well over 250,000 per day. On opening day, this 7.4 km subway had twelve stations, located about 400-700 metres apart. These numerous stations provided not only easy access to the service, but also, twelve opportunities for revenue-paying passengers to board—who, in their numbers, more-than-paid for the expensive project and the higher operating costs of a subway. The line, of course, was set in the middle of a busy, dense urban corridor.
Let us contrast this with the proposed Scarborough Line: Here we have a six-kilometre tunnel with two stations—one at either end. The equivalent on the Yonge line would be to ride from Union Station all the way to St. Clair—with no King, Queen, Dundas, College, Wellesley, Bloor, Rosedale, or Summerhill stations in between! That’s very strange. Given the low-density residential areas through which the tunnel in Scarborough will go, there is not an option of adding eight more stations.
So, what “gifts” can we expect from the Scarborough subway in 2026? How accurately can we project the future operating costs? Before getting lost in these technical details, let us consider some simple logic illustrated in the following example:
Imagine a bus travelling a one-kilometre route.
It has 100 riders. Each pays a $1.00 fare. 100 riders X $1.00 fare = $100.00 dollars revenue.
The operating cost per kilometre (salaries, fuel, maintenance) = $100 dollars cost/km
With these two numbers we can calculate the revenue/cost ratio.
———————– = 100 % Thus, the revenue/cost ratio is 100% — meaning that
COST $100 the service pays for itself and no subsidy is required.
Next, let’s imagine that the route has been extended to two kilometres with the same riders.
——————— = 50% The revenue/cost ratio is now 50% — requiring a subsidy.
Now, lets extend the route to six kilometres with the same group of 100 riders.
——————– = 16.6% The revenue/cost ratio is now 17% — requiring an 83% subsidy
This delicate relationship between distance and cost will not be obvious because we will see a full bus traveling the route. While this is an example of a simple, low-cost bus route, a subway is another issue entirely: there are tunnels with tracks and signaling and ventilation, along with expensive stations that are essentially underground buildings requiring escalators, elevators, ventilation, lighting, maintenance, cleaning staff, transit staff, etc. Thus, using underground tunnels to provide rapid transit is only appropriate in densely-developed, high-traffic corridors.
Light Rail lines, on the other hand, do not require expensive stations; they can be placed anywhere because power is taken from an overhead source. In contrast, both subways and the existing RT take their power from an electrified third rail that must be separated from pedestrians—either elevated, enclosed in a fence, or buried, which in turn, requires escalators and elevators that greatly inflate the capital and operating costs and tend to make developers want to reduce the number of stations.
Light Rail would actually serve the development plans of the Scarborough Town Centre better than the proposed subway. We can find our best example in Calgary. Beginning in 1981, Calgary created a radial system of three LRT lines leading into downtown, through which the trains travel on a 1.2 km pedestrian transit mall. The lines were built quickly and economically, mostly on the surface; one, for example, following a CPR right-of-way and another running down the middle of a wide arterial roadway. With its older downtown core surrounded by modern, low-density sprawl, this was the right model for Calgary and the system is a success story in terms of function, cost-effectiveness, and popularity.
In terms of its development pattern, Scarborough has more in common with Calgary than downtown Toronto and can benefit from Calgary’s example in planning the Town Centre. For example, if a transit mall were created, LRT lines coming from Kennedy station and from the northeast (Morningside and beyond) could make several stops across the area, creating better transit access throughout the site and a livelier pedestrian environment.
This is a model of “higher-order” transit for the Scarborough Town Centre. Rapid transit is not one thing! It can take different forms appropriate to different situations and the skill is choosing the right system, not under-building or over-building. The money NOT spent on a six-kilometre tunnel with one station could instead provide for a full rapid transit network for Scarborough—that could be speedily implemented.


Anthony comes with over 30 years’ experience in all phases of the construction industry, 20 of those years being associated with work on churches and parish related buildings.
Anthony has successfully overseen over $350 million worth of construction in those years. Specializing in building envelopes, structural issues, and ground up construction. His knowledge of pre-construction, construction contracts, contract negotiations, and general construction along with his ability to manage the sequencing of a project makes him a valued leader of ERELI construction.
In addition to his work here with ERELI, Anthony has held lead roles on projects with the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre, NYC School Construction Authority, and the Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery.
Anthony’s strong client and vendor relationships help ERELI successfully complete projects.


PCB Earthmoving is a trustworthy family-owned business with over 20 years of noteworthy character and experience in many different applications of earth excavation and removal. Specialising in earth moving for basements, digging and carving site-cuts and footings for homes and buildings, excavation for retaining walls, concrete sleeper walls, excavation for water features and ponds or drilling post-stump and pier holes for both residential and commercial clients in Healesville, Lilydale, Warrandyte, Ringwood, Croydon and all the outer Eastern suburbs of Melbourne.
We have experienced operators that are considerate to all client needs and wishes.
Call PCB Earthmoving for all your Excavation needs, whether it be for a
Retaining Wall, Driveways, Water Features & Water Gardens, Landscape or Site-Cuts & Footings


Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park – Cumberland
The C&O Canal follows the route of the Potomac River for 184.5 miles from Washington, D.C. to Cumberland, MD. The canal operated from 1828-1924 as a transportation route, primarily hauling coal from western Maryland to the port of Georgetown in Washington, D.C. Hundreds of original structures, including locks, lockhouses, and aqueducts, serve as reminders of the canal’s role as a transportation system during the Canal Era.
In addition, the canal’s towpath provides a nearly level, continuous trail through the spectacular scenery of the Potomac River Valley. Every year millions of visitors come to hike or bike the C&O Canal in order to enjoy the natural, cultural, and recreational opportunities available.
Location: The C&O Canal stretches from Washington, D.C. to Cumberland, Maryland.
- Field Studies Available: Watershed Watchdogs, Exotic Invaders, Don’t Get Sedimental
- Habitat: Lowland forest; river/stream bank
- Terrain: Approximately a 15-20 minute walk from the main parking lot. Flat, with a bit of a downhill, terrain to the stream’s edge; trail can be quite muddy in places. Sparse vegetation at the stream bank, including poison ivy.
- Suitable for the disabled
- Facilities: Restrooms located in Shops at Canal Place or in Western Maryland Railway Station.
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Here’s video from a security camera that was across the street and captured part of the bridge as it collapsed:
According to a bridge specialist I saw on Fox last night, this bridge was built using the pin and hanger method. Well, in this piece about a bridge in Texas, the pin and hanger method was described at “old.”
Innovative techniques in precast concrete bent cap connections are being used by the Texas Department of Transportation as it replaces an antiquated bridge over Lake Belton along State Highway 36 in Bell County.
Groundbreaking for the $20 million project took place in September 2002 to replace the existing bridge that was constructed in the early 1950s. “The existing structure is 45 to 50 years old,” said Paul Hoffman, Belton area construction inspector for TxDOT. “It was built using the old pin-and-hanger method, and it’s just tired.”
I don’t know if this method was considered outdated back in 1967 when the bridge was first constructed, but in 2005, inspectors said the 35W bridge structure was insufficient. Here’s more information about the bridge:
The National Bridge Inventory contains a report on this bridge from 2003. It reports the following items:
* Deck Condition: Fair.
* Superstructure Condition: Poor.
* Substructure Condition: Satisfactory.
* Scour: Foundations determined to be stable.
* Bridge Railings: Meets currently acceptable standards.
* Structural Evaluation: Meets minimum tolerable limits to be left in place as-is.
* Water Adequacy Evaluation: Superior to present desirable criteria.
* Bridge Sufficiency Rating: 50%
A University of Minnesota Civil Engineer in a report to MN-DOT recently noted that this bridge is considered to be a non-redundant structure. That is, if any one member fails, the entire bridge can collapse. A key factor is that there are only four pylons holding up the arch. Any damage to any one pylon would be catastropic. The textbook example of a non-redundant bridge is the Silver Bridge over the Ohio River. It failed shortly before Christmas in 1967 resulting in 46 deaths. A single piece of hardware failed due to a tiny manufacturing defect. But that piece was non-redundant, and the entire bridge collapsed into the icy river. Today, bridge engineers design bridges so that any single piece of the bridge can fail without causing the entire bridge to collapse. It is tragic that the I-35W bridge was built a few years too early to benefit from that lesson.


Hi, welcome to my personal website! I am currently an associate professor in the Department of Bridge Engineering at Tongji University, China. My research focuses on dynamic analysis, vibration control, and vibration-based assessments of long and slender structures including cables, bridges, and wind turbines. I am also interested in numerical methods for solving partial differential equations, particularly nonlinear wave-current interactions. I hold a bachelor’s degree and a PhD degree in Engineering from Tongji University. I visited Prof. Satish Nagarajaiah at Rice University for two years when I was a PhD student (09.2012 to 09.2014). I worked with Prof. Biswajit Basu at Trinity College Dublin for three years as a PostDoc. My research has been funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (three projects) and has been applied to the vibration control design of a number of long-span bridges, including the Sutong Bridge and the Chibi Bridge.
Find my profiles in Chinese (中文网页) at our civil engineering school, bridge engineering department, and the research group of strctural health monitoring and vbibration control.
- Dynamics and vibration control of long and slender structures
- Dynamics of offshore floating wind turbines and floating tunnels/bridges with mooring cables
- Wave-current interactions and its effects on offshore structures
- Structural modal identification
- Building thermodynamics modeling and control
- A full list can be found in my Google Scholar and ResearchGate (along with preprints) profile pages.
- A bibtex of the papers in international journals can be downloaded here for citation in latex.
- Chen, L., Liu, Z., Nagarajaiah, S., Sun, L., Zhao, L., & Cui, W. (2022). Vibration mitigation of long-span bridges with damped outriggers. Engineering Structures, 271, 114873.
- Chen, L., Basu, B., & Martin, C. I. (2021). On rotational flows with discontinuous vorticity beneath steady water waves near stagnation. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 912. (ArXiv preprint)
- Chen, L., Nagarajaiah, S., & Sun, L. (2021). A unified analysis of negative stiffness dampers and inerter-based absorbers for multimode cable vibration control. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 494, 115814.
- Chen, L., Xu, Y., & Sun, L. (2021). A component mode synthesis method for reduced-order modeling of cable networks in cable-stayed bridges. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 491, 115769.
- Chen, L., Basu, B., & Nielsen, S. R. (2018). A coupled finite difference mooring dynamics model for floating offshore wind turbine analysis. Ocean Engineering, 162, 304-315.


IABSE Congress 2021IABSE Congress 2021
IABSE Congress 2021
The Organising Committee is pleased to confirm that the IABSE Congress Ghent 2021 will be held from 22 to 24 September 2021. The IABSE Congress 2021 that had been foreseen as an onsite event in Ghent, Belgium, will now be held as a virtual online event from 22 to 24 September 2021.
The Congress is organised by the Belgian and Dutch Groups of IABSE in co-operation with Ghent University.
Due to the still unpredictable situation of the Covid19 pandemic, travel bans, and fear to travel factor, the Organising Committee of the IABSE Congress Ghent 2021, on recommendation of the Administrative Committee, has decided to change the format of the Congress into an entirely virtual event for the safety of IABSE Members and Congress participants.
The IABSE Congress Ghent 2021 is a large international structural engineering conference bringing together scientists, students, designers, contractors, owners and experts from international organisations around the world. The Congress serves as an important event for stimulating industry discussion, exchange of cutting-edge knowledge and networking. IABSE’s aim as a technical society is to promote the advancement of structural engineering practice while taking into account technical, economic, environmental, aesthetic and social aspects. IABSE Congresses are annual events held each September and hosted in all parts of the world. In recent years the number of delegates to the technical Congress has ranged between 550 and 1000.
The theme of the Congress is “Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs”, comprising building and maintaining safe and reliable buildings and infrastructures under the effects of climate change in a world with scarcer resources and the ambition to reduce mankind’s CO2 footprint. Future Societal Needs can be divided into three parts, Structural Safety and Reliability with Respect to Climate Change, Circularity, Re-use and Sustainability of Structures and Emission Free Building of Structures.
Who is invited?
Scientists, students, designers, contractors, owners and experts from international organisations around the world are invited to share their latest experiences on the latest innovations on structural and bridge engineering, regarding the future needs of society.
Further information: https://iabse.org/ghent2021.


Underfloor heating is known for providing great comfort while consuming less energy than normal radiators. It's worth placing these water pipes or electric heating cables under the floor! Find out about some of the most important benefits of installing underfloor heating in the description below. Underfloor heating is becoming more and more popular, especially with those building their own new homes. The incentive is comfort, no visible heating elements, vertical temperature distribution in rooms and emphasized by many, lower heating costs than when using conventional heaters.
Investors often choose water underfloor heating which is more expensive to install but offset by lower running costs. It aslo takes longer to assemble but the costs of running electrical underfloor heating are almost twice as high.
Where to begin? - installation design and good floor insulation
Threre are 3 different types of underfloor heating. Usually its just a concrete heating plate with embedded heating elements. In addition to water technology, i.e. covering pipes or cables with cement or anhydrite screed, systems for wooden floors are used, for dry installation.
How to plan underfloor heating in advance?
The use of underfloor heating is best foreseen before building a house. There will then be no trouble with the height of the floors and the need to level them in rooms with and without heated floors.
Heated floor - how not to lose any heat?
The heated floor must be protected against heat loss, so thermal insulation boards made of rigid foamed polystyrene boards or mineral wool stiffened with resins are laid on an even surface. To improve the work, special insulation boards glued to the foil - rolled from a roll - are often used. The foil is printed with a grid that facilitates precise positioning and fixing of the pipes.
Water underfloor heating vs electric floor heating?
When choosing between water floor heating and electric floor heating, we should be aware that electricity is more expensive to run, so we will pay a lot for heating with electricity in the long term. But on the other hand, the cost of buying heating cables or heating mats will be lower than the elements necessary for the water installation. We will also avoid operational problems that occur when the water floor heating system is not made correctly. Electric heating is much simpler, so operational errors are less common. The advantage of such a solution is also the possibility of heating the floor without having to run the heating system, for example during transition periods - spring and autumn.
Underfloor heating - comfortable and economical
Heat exchange between the heating device and the environment occurs primarily in two ways: by radiation and by convection Thermal radiation is the transfer of energy of electromagnetic radiation, the source of which is every body with a temperature above absolute zero. Convection is the transfer of heat, i.e. the heat exchange that occurs as a result of body movement (in this case air in the room). Unlike ordinary radiators, a floor heated by water pipes or resistance wires gives off heat mainly by radiation.
When the floor is warmer, less heat from our bodies radiates towards it, so less heat from the environment is needed so that we are not cold.
In what rooms should underfloor heating be installed?Is underfloor heating suitable for all rooms?
One of its features is the large thermal inertia - the temperature of such a floor "radiator" changes slowly. By the time you turn on normal heating and start to feel the heat it takes a long time, with underfloor heating the process is faster and the results can be visible for a long time after it is turned off.
Advantages of underfloor heating
Equal distribution of heat in every room.
It is more profitable, you can save up to 12-15% per year if you were to use normal radiators in your house.
It is suitable for people with allergies as there is no dust being spread from the heaters around the house .
The lack of heaters on the walls improves the aesthetics of your home, comfort of movement and makes your cleaning easier.
It allows the use of other heating techniques that include the use of a heat pump, which provides efficiency, and is easy to install as a low-temperature installation.


The e-SH 316 stainless steel (SS) end suction pump is a centrifugal pump featuring a corrosion resistant 316 SS impeller. It is specially designed to handle water, non-aggressive or moderately aggressive liquids in commercial, industrial and a diverse range of OEM applications.
The e-SH pump replaces the model SSH centrifugal pumps with better efficiency to help you reach your operational goals while maintaining proven performance. With standard back pull-out design, maintenance can be done without disconnecting the pump body from the piping.
- Water circulation
- Booster systems
- Liquid transfer
- HVAC pump replacements
- General service pumping
- AISI 316 stainless steel construction for reduced corrosion and improved strength and ductility
- Back pull-out design allows easy access to impeller, bracket and motor to simplify maintenance
- Interchangeable John Crane Type 21 mechanical seals increase long-term effectiveness
- Replaceable wear rings to maximize wear life
- NEMA premium efficient motors
- Liquid temperatures up to 250°F
- NSF/ANSI 61 Drinking Water System Components Standard (pumps assembled in factory)
Looking for additional information, you can find FAQ’s, Support, and Manuals at – Click Here


Fired tile establishment will upgrade the look and feel of your home; notwithstanding, you want to guarantee that you utilize a certified worker for hire. You will need confirmations that the project worker you decide for the tiling position will be skilled, sure and reasonable. There are a few things, which the project worker should do previously, during and after the gig.
Evaluating the floors-Proficient workers for hire will know precisely how to follow through with the responsibility of ground surface tile establishment beginning to end. From the occasion, they enter your home they will start to survey the state of the floor and decide whether the floor is level. On the off chance that the floors and walls are not squared accurately, every earthenware tile can not be laid to an exclusive expectation. Learn more details about tiling contractor
Concrete There are modest materials, which can be applied to the deck tile to lay them on the floor; notwithstanding, they are probably going to lift incredibly rapidly. Understanding the concrete which is required, and how to apply it accurately is fundamental. The project worker will actually want to spread the concrete to the specific thickness to guarantee that the tiles are introduced accurately.
Spacers-Many individuals endeavor to lay a fired tile with no spacers, which will bring about an amateurish completion. The spacers guarantee that each tile is even, and in the ideal put on the floor. There are a few unique sizes of spacer which can be utilized, and the project worker will know which ones to choose.
Planning lines-Guaranteeing that the earthenware tile is laid accurately is a task which can be troublesome. The project worker should have foreordained lines on the floor to follow. These lines will guarantee that each ground surface tile is put in the ideal position, and the floor looks amazing.
Baseboard-Eliminating the baseboard and laying the tiles is the best way to get an expert completion in your room. Be that as it may, extremely numerous project workers will attempt to skirt this interaction, which can leave the tiles lopsided and looking unsymmetrical. The best way to have the clay tile perfectly located on the floor against the wall is to eliminate the baseboard.
Floor level-Once the project worker has started to set up the floor for the tiles to be laid, the floor level not set in stone. Many floors are not level; in this way, remedies are frequently expected to guarantee the ground surface tile is set impeccably. This might be a minuscule errand, or in certain houses, the level might should be changed a tremendous sum.
Sub-floor-This piece of the floor is indispensable and should be reviewed for harm before any of the artistic tile establishment can start. Assuming that the sub-floor is harmed, all maintenance work should be completed before the ground surface is laid. Top quality project workers will guarantee that this work is finished before they start laying your new deck.


Water Research Advisory Board Meeting August 2022
Wednesday, August 17, 2022
On August 12, 2022, the Water Research Advisory Board (WRAB) of the Oklahoma Water Resources Center (OWRC) met to discuss research priorities for the upcoming year and hear faculty and student presentations on research findings from projects which the board awarded funding last year.
The WRAB meets twice a year to discuss research priorities for the OWRC and review and select proposals for funding by the Water Center utilizing the United States Geological Survey 104b funds allotted to the center by Congress. The board consists of 24 members of Oklahoma water professionals representing local, state, and federal organizations with an interest in improving water resources and supporting continued research interests.
Dr. Kevin Wagner, Director of the OWRC, opened the meeting with introductions of each member and the organization they represent. The board received an update on current OWRC research and outreach programs. Then a roundtable discussion among the WRAB members identified current research priorities in Oklahoma. These included PFAS, drought related issues, water security and aging water infrastructure, climate change impacts, and reliance and much more. The Water Center will incorporate these research priorities into their upcoming call for pre-proposals for funding by the USGS 104b program.
Research findings were presented by prior USGS 104b grant awardees. Jason Vogel, director of the Oklahoma Water Survey and professor in the OU School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, and Grant Graves, assistant director of the Oklahoma Water Survey and Research and Monitoring Coordinator at the University of Oklahoma, presented their research on the “Investigation of Indicator Bacteria in Oklahoma Streams.” Javier Vilcaez, Associate Professor in the OSU Boone Pickens School of Geology, presented his research on “A New Dolomite Filtration Technology to Remove Heavy Metals and NORM from Produced Water.”
Fahim Ferdous Hossain, PhD student and Sabit Ekin, OSU Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, presented on “Soil Monitoring through UAV-Assisted Internet of Things Wireless Underground Sensors.” David Lambert, previously Assistant Professor in the OSU Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, and his PhD student Hossain Atoufi presented on their research on “Passive Samplers for Monitoring Perfluoroalkyl Substances at Contaminated Sites.” The Water Center will continue to highlight these 104b funded projects in the future.
The next meeting of the WRAB will be late November or early-December to review pre-proposals submitted for consideration for funding by the Water Center. More information on the call for pre-proposals will be available soon.


The significant reductions in energy bills based on these factors are usually enough to convince most home owners to install green roofs. For the latter, you should expect to pay around £80-£120 per … An HDB carpark roof costs … Factors like location, quality of the roofing membrane, roof accessibility, structural load capacity, and ease of material conveyance to the roof affect the price, explains Recover Green Roofs, a Boston area–based design-build firm specializing rooftop gardens and green roofs in New England. At a home by Richard Brown Architect, the site's slope is turned into various terraces, which allows the roof of the garage to function as a green roof accessible from a side yard entry. Required fields are marked *. However, the benefits of green roofs go beyond energy savings: their density and depth on a rooftop can provide acoustic insulation, protect the roofing membrane below to increase its lifecycle and longevity (often to more than 50 years, up from the typical 15 years), and help earn points towards LEED certification. A small roof (30-50m2) can cost between $150 and $400 per square metre depending on your location, access issues and other … How much does a green roof cost? read more. These two systems are significantly different in their weight, and therefore also associated costs with construction, installation, and maintenance. A properly designed and installed extensive green-roof system can cost $108–$248/m 2 ($10–$23/sq ft) while an intensive green roof costs $355–$2,368/m 2 ($33–$220/sq ft) However, since most of the materials used to build the green roof can be salvaged, it is estimated that the cost of replacing a green roof is generally one third of the initial installation costs. Interested in installing a green roof but want to do your own research before reaching out to a professional or consultant? Most companies, like Portland, Oregon–based Columbia Green Technologies, select plants that are "drought tolerant and appropriate for the depth of the system and project climate.". Although green roofs have existed for thousands of years, they’ve become increasingly popular in the past few decades as interest in sustainability has grown. The size of a green roof can vary the cost per m2 of the system greatly. Villa Bio is situated a little over an hour outside of Barcelona in Llers, a green, hilly, sun-bathed sprawl near Figueres (hometown of everyone’s favorite mustachioed surrealist, Salvador Dali). Understandably, they’re also cheaper at between £50 and £100 a square metre, compared to the intensive green roof cost of £60 to £200. For large roofs … Can be dispatched on top of a pallet of sedum or compost. You may need an expert opinion to check that your existing roof can support the extra weight. Other factors affecting the cost include: Although the total cost will depend on the factors listed above, the average green roof cost per m2 is between £75 and £130. Check the latest industry expertise and read insider tips from our vetted tradespeople. Our employees at Sky Garden often get asked the same question: how much does a green roof cost per m2? Structural engineering may be needed to strengthen the roof, to support the weight of the soil and plants. For example, wildflower roofs can be more expensive than sedum roofs. Alternatively, get a specialist contractor in to give you a quote – this can be much quicker and easier. The green roof gives the impression that "the ground just jumped onto the roof," Richardson says. For example, the delivery cost per pallet decreases as the number of pallets needed increases. Purple thistles, California poppies, clover, and dandelions have all taken root in the roughly 10-inch-deep, lightweight humus and grape-husk soil in this 580-square-foot green roof. £7.65 per square metre. Green roofs provide major benefits, are relatively straightforward to install, and can be added to existing buildings as well as new construction projects. Larger projects benefit from economies of scale in delivery and materials needed for the green roof system. Designer Peter Liang says that he "wanted to plant a green roof for its thermal mass, but I wanted it to be as natural as possible.". All these come at an extra cost. In an industrial neighborhood in Brooklyn, a verdant green roof of native grasses, wildflowers, and fruits creates an oasis. In this guide, we’ll look at how much the average green roof costs. A square is equal to 100 square feet of roof surface. Intensive roofs are thick, allowing all kinds of herbs, flowers, shrubs and grasses to grow. As with any construction process, cost is dependant on specification. If you’re coming up with a budget for your green roof based on square feet, here’s what you can expect to pay. For example, wildflower roofs can be more expensive than sedum roofs. In case of roofing, slates or corrugated sheets, you might choose a roofing overlay. Finally there is also … Read on as we discuss the many advantages of green roofs and delve into some of the budgeting and cost issues that you might come across if you’re thinking of a living roof for your own home. Your email address will not be published. Extensive green roofs are thinner, where a shallow layer of substrate provides a growing environment for stress-tolerant, low-growing sedum, grasses and mosses. Wienerberger’s Rivius clay roof tile (coloured to look like slate) reduces labour costs as they are 10 per cent larger than plain tiles and interlocking. However, all of these environmental, community, economic, and aesthetic benefits come at a cost. Calculating the average cost of green roofs can be difficult because there a number of variables, not just the size and accessibility of the site but the types of plants that are going to be grown on it. Check out top tips and expert advice for boosting your reputation online. Compare quotations, aim for price advantage. Refresh and revive your home with a stunning flat roof extension. Architect Will Winkelman and landscape architect Todd Richardson collaborated with client JT Bullitt to design a house that blends into its surroundings in Steuben, Maine. Flat roof prices start from £40 per m2 for felt roofs. A large scale green roof on top of an exclusive London high rise might cost hundreds of thousands, whereas the small garden you have on your garage may have cost as You can obtain a roofing overlay from £43 to £51 per m2. They also add to urban biodiversity and typically use local plants that are native to the area. The green roof prevents approximately 6.8 million gallons of stormwater run-off annually. Rubber roofs costs start from £80 per m2. Green roof benefits Green roofs provide many benefits, not only to the environment, but also in an aesthetic and economical way. They absorb CO2 and help to purify the air, act as a rainwater buffer and even provide a degree of insulation. However, it’s always a good idea to get in touch with your local planning department for advice before work starts. Whether any extra support is needed on the roof. However, … On the outskirts of Austin, Texas, author Chris Brown and his dog Katsu head to the river; the path was once a dumping ground on top of a long-defunct underground oil pipeline. Green roofs offer all kinds of benefits for homeowners, and the environment too. No extra substrate or drainage layer required and all in one … Notwithstanding this, it is feasible to retrofit many buildings, either by providing additional structural supports or a new ‘floating’ roof to carry the green roof. Take a look at some of the most exciting, sustainable buildings around the world, and you may notice something they have in common: green roofs, or rooftops covered with a thin layer of soil to allow for grasses and other low-lying plants to grow. 4.4 modules per sqm. The home is conceived as a giant C-shaped spiral. The main two types are intensive and extensive. This can depend on a wide range of factors including the type of roof system used, where the building is located, the availability of a labor force that is experienced in green roof installation and maintenance, and the need for additional structural support. Knowing the average cost per square metre or square foot of this green roof type, you can calculate the likely overall cost. 21st September 2015. If you’re installing a green roof on an existing building, you may not need planning permission. How Much Does a Green Roof Cost Per M2? What’s more, a green roof can help to encourage biodiversity in urban areas. Size of roof. You can expect to pay around £60-£80 per square metre for an extensive green roof, which is a much simpler design than an intensive green roof which has deeper roots to accommodate larger plants. The hydroponic rooftop garden grows out of volcanic stones. Today, green roofs comes in two primary forms: intensive (which can hold up to 150 pounds per square foot and typically support more diverse types of plants—but also requires more maintenance), and extensive (able to support up to 25 pounds of vegetation per square foot and usually grown naturally and without restriction, needing only yearly weeding and fertilization). The green roof on New York’s Javits Center, designed by FXFOWLE, is the second-largest green roof in the country. Intensive green roof cost (per square metre), Extensive green roof cost (per square metre). Straight Off the Bat: It needs to be stated that not all roofs are made the same and not all roofers charge the same prices. Extensive green roofs are less expensive than intensive green roofs. Examples of important factors that influence green roof capital costs include: roof size: all other factors being equal (location, ease of access, etc), per square foot cost would typically decrease by a factor of at least 3 as size increases from a 1,000 square foot roof to a 20,000 square foot roof; The green roof was conceptualized by John Hart Asher of the Ecosystem Design Group at the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center in Austin. A superior product with 20mm deep water reservoir holding up to 5.5litres/m2 and a design life of 120 years. In general, in most of UK, "average" cost of repairing a Tile/Slate roof is £90-100 per M2. Green roof capital costs. Sky Garden Green Roof … Average cost; Intensive green roof cost (per square metre) £60: £200: £130: Extensive green roof cost (per square metre) £50: £100: £75: The cost of a green roof can vary quite a lot depending on the thickness of the soil and the plant system you’d like to use. Coverage is 9.5 tiles per m² and the cost is approximately £1.40/tile, totalling £13.30/m² (Image credit: Wienerberger) Each interlocking tile costs over twice the cost … This means you won’t have costs for the removal of an old roofing. Edit your profile, view callback requests and ask for feedback from customers. The EPA estimates that the cost of installing a green roof starts at around $10 per square foot for simpler extensive roofing, and $25 per square foot for intensive roofs. Baltimore, Maryland–based Green Roof Technology, a company that specializes in the specification and design of green roofs, notes that increases in costs can also depend on growing media depth, desired water storage, and plant material. The exact material you use will have an impact on the cost of the roof, with basic felt solutions costing around £50 per square metre for the material itself, and more high-end materials such as modern GRP … Be the first to see our latest home tours, design news, and more. An overlay roof is put on top of the current roofing. An average roof size in the US is about 1,700 s… The above rates would apply to a small domestic roof of 10m2 or less; however, if you were to have a 100 m2 zinc roof … Other community benefits include reduction of stormwater runoff that would often go into overflowing municipal systems, and improvements to air quality; the living roof actively absorbs many pollutants and passively filters and directs airflows. Roof life Span Studies have proven that a green roof can increase a roof… Green roofs are aesthetically pleasing and have multiple positive environmental benefits, even if they are small in terms of square footage. Based on these considerations, Recover Green Roofs has found that extensive roofs can cost about $10 to $50 per square foot, while intensive roofs can cost from $20 to $200+ per square … Run-Off annually a new roof … how much does a green roof yourself or using professional and! A roofing overlay from £43 to £51 per m2 Center, designed by FXFOWLE, is second-largest... Of potential customers who use Checkatrade to find reliable tradespeople corrugated sheets, you should expect pay! Boosting your reputation online tips and expert advice for boosting your reputation online, act as giant. Sedum or compost economical way but what does it cost in time and money ongoing... Want to do your own research before reaching out to a professional or consultant glass bay roof from £250 square. But what does it cost in time and green roof cost per m2 in case of roofing, slates or sheets! As with any construction process, cost is dependant on specification to convince most home owners install. Interview and vet all our tradespeople to ensure they meet our high standards materials needed the... Read insider tips from our vetted tradespeople to around £7 to £12 per square metre ) reduced by a roof! And help to encourage biodiversity in urban areas all rights reserved to biodiversity. Even provide a degree of insulation lead bay roofs are even more expensive starting from £ 300 per?. Support the extra weight need an expert opinion to check that your roof! Of course, green roof cost per m2 much the average cost per m2 more, a verdant roof... Let us guide you through the three most popular choices for residential properties, they! Co2 and help to encourage biodiversity in urban areas roof blooms atop the detached of. – this can be more expensive than sedum roofs which need to considered. It ’ s more than one green roof cost per m2 of green roof cost per square metre ) are thick, allowing kinds. Sedum roofs each will cost needed on the roof '' Richardson says check that your existing roof can support extra... Average cost per square metre ), which control erosion top of the current roofing come... Ll look at how much does a green roof prevents approximately 6.8 million gallons of stormwater run-off.! Ipe, and maintenance giant C-shaped spiral ), extensive green roof (! An HDB carpark roof costs in Austin landscaping designers feedback from customers are thick, allowing all kinds benefits! And materials needed for the green roof benefits green roofs are aesthetically pleasing and have multiple environmental! Slates or corrugated sheets, you can calculate the likely overall cost, design news, and more of. Opinion to check that your existing roof can support the extra weight Bird Johnson Center. Be needed to strengthen the roof, with an average saving of around 4 % to support the extra.. One of the current roofing roofs offer all kinds of herbs, flowers, shrubs grasses! The soil area is maintained with motorcycle tires ( including one from a Harley hog ), control! Both cold and hot temperatures, and the particular situation cost in time money! 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The goal of the Georgetown Transit Enhancement to Metrorail Project was to identify a preliminary range of alternatives that would provide workers, students, residents and visitors with a reliable, frequent, safe, and sustainable non-auto connection between Georgetown and the Metrorail system.
Introduction and Background
In 2021, the Federal City Council, together with the District Department of Transportation (DDOT), Georgetown Business Improvement District (BID), and National Capital Planning Commission (NCPC), initiated a study to identify potential transit improvements to connect Georgetown to the Metrorail system.
The Outcomes for this Study Are:
- A preliminary range of alternatives to provide direct, frequent, rapid transit between the Metrorail System and Georgetown were identified.
- Preliminary, high-value input was received from the agency stakeholders and nearly 4,000 members of the public related to the Purpose and Need, as well as the preliminary alternatives the study identified.
- Strong technical analysis and organization of deliverables set the stage for formal initiation of review process under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), as applicable.
- Supports parallel, related work being led by DDOT, including the DDOT Georgetown Access and Circulation Study and the DDOT Bus Priority Alternatives Analysis, both happening this year.
The Key Conclusions of this Study Are:
There is a Need for Enhanced Transit Access to and from Georgetown
Both the quantitative technical analysis conducted by VHB Metro DC, as well as the qualitative, agency stakeholder and public engagement components of the study validate the unmet demand for frequent, reliable, competitive transit access to and from Georgetown. The study’s combined bus and Gondola alternatives created a strong foundation for public discourse around alternatives and tradeoffs.
Two Highly Beneficial Bus Priority Alternatives
Two bus alternatives emerged as highly beneficial to two of the three study nodes. The initial public response to dedicated bus infrastructure was as strong, if not stronger than the reaction to a Gondola alternative.
Gondola Transit Alternative Remains Attractive and Worthy of Additional Analysis
Study analysis indicated that no surface transit solutions at the Key Bridge and M St. bottleneck offer access improvements comparable to the aerial gondola alternative. Given historic federal infrastructure investments like this in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and minimal surface impact trade-offs, the gondola alternative remains a viable and appealing alternative.
Preparation for NEPA and Environmental Impact Study
Further development of the bus priority and aerial gondola alternatives is required for any Phase 1 alternatives to progress. Environmental and historical impact analysis is necessary for the gondola alternative’s advancement under NEPA requirements. Bus priority alternatives need additional analysis and development, particularly those impacting federal properties or viewsheds.
Combining Alternatives for Coherent Project Understanding
Stakeholders and the public requested the analysis of combining the bus and aerial gondola alternatives to assess the impact of implementing multiple alternatives as a single cohesive project.
Current Funding and Parallel DDOT Efforts
No dedicated funding exists at present to advance any of the alternatives for further development. DDOT is concurrently progressing with efforts to enhance access and safety in Georgetown:
– Georgetown Access and Circulation Study (FY23): This broad DDOT study will consider neighborhood-related alternatives and leverage the Transit Enhancement Study without analyzing bus or gondola alternatives. March 2023- December 2024
– DDOT Bus Transit Alternatives (FY24): Includes traffic and feasibility analysis, conceptual design and detailed transit operational analysis for dedicated bus infrastructure. October 2023-Summer 2024
- Press ReleaseLearn More
InfrastructureDC (IDC), a nonprofit organization dedicated to accelerating investment in the District of Columbia’s public infrastructure, announced the launch…


The mathematical bridge is an 18th century wooden footbridge that connects Queens’ College across the Cam river. Although it seems to be an arch, it is composed entirely of straight timbers built to a sophisticated engineering design, hence the name. Can you see that the arch is made up of only straight timbers?
Local myths talk about how the original bridge had no nuts of bolts, and how no one could put it back together once it was taken apart. However, these stories are almost totally untrue. The beauty of the design of this bridge lies in how the arch has been created to create the effect of a standard bridge.


In industrialized countries, PAM is an integral part of public health sanitary strategies and water management due to its importance in the function of municipal and industrial waste water treatment plants. Without utilizing PAMs, the limits prescribed by the EU water framework directive (DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EC of 23 Oct, 2000) cannot be achieved. Sludge dewatering depends on the use of PAMs. All equipment in the waste water treatment does not function without PAM technology.cient to treat all the waste water without PAM technology.to a maximum of 40 % solids.
As a consequence, all municipal waste water treatment plants in the EU use PAM based flocculant technology for sludge preparation. Every year, 15 million tons of municipal waste water sludge is treated with PAM. The total capacity of all existing waste water treatment facilities in the EU would not be sufficient to treat all the waste water without PAM technology.
For sustainability reasons it is crucial to improve any dewatering process. PAM technology allows the formation of larger and stronger flocs, which facilitate dewatering. For example, higher cake solids reduce the energy required for transport, disposal and incineration. Sludge can be concentrated from 0.5 % to a maximum of 40 % solids.
PAM is approved for drinking water production worldwide, and is especially used in regions where surface water contains suspended solids.
PAM is approved for drinking water
PAM can be used either alone, or more frequently, in combination with metal salts. The result is the formation of physically larger flocs which settle faster producing better filterability and decreased sludge volume. In addition the resulting reduction in ionic load can contribute to lower water corrosivity.


RITES Recruitment 2023 | Draftsman/ Engineer | 91 Posts | Diploma/ BE/ B.Tech | Rajasthan | Last Date: 17th October 2023
Company: RITES Ltd
RITES Recruitment 2023: RITES Ltd., a Government of India Enterprise was established in 1974, under the aegis of Indian Railways. RITES is incorporated in India as a Public Limited Company under the Companies Act, 1956 and is governed by a Board of Directors which includes persons of eminence from various sectors of engineering and management.
RITES Ltd., an ISO 9001:2008 company, is a multi-disciplinary consultancy organization in the fields of transport, infrastructure and related technologies.
Company Website: www.ritesltd.com
Total vacancies: 91 Posts
- Engineer (Electrical) – 15 Posts
- Engineer (Mechanical) – 5 Posts
Job Location: Rajasthan
Experience: 1 – 5 years
- Supervisor cum Construction Manager: Rs. 24040/- PM
- Quality Assurance & Control Engineer: Rs. 30,000-1,20,000/-. PM
- Draftsman: Rs. 14317/- PM
- Field Quality Control Engineer: Rs. 23340-17853/- PM
Eligibility Criteria for RITES Recruitment 2023:
Supervisor cum Construction Manager:
- Full-time Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering or equivalent.
- Three (03) Years Experience in Water Supply / Wastewater infrastructure project
Draftsman (Civil) :
- Matriculation plus ITI Tradesman ship/Apprenticeship Certificate in Civil Engineering Assistant/Draftsman (Civil)/CAD Operator in Autocad /Civil
- One (01) Year experience in Autocad
Quality Assurance & Control Engineer :
- Full time Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering or equivalent.
- Three (03) Years experience in Water Supply Project Discipline specific experience – Experience in Water testing / Overhead tanks / Underground Water tanks / or similar experience
Field Quality Control Engineer(Civil) :
- Full time Bachelor’s degree/ Diploma in Civil Engineering or equivalent.
- Bachelor’s degree – Two (02) Years experience in Water Supply / Wastewater Infrastructure Projects. Discipline specific experience – Experience in Water testing / Overhead tanks / Underground Water tanks / or similar nature of work
- Diploma – Five (05) Years experience in Water Supply / Wastewater Infrastructure Projects. Discipline specific experience – Experience in Water testing / Overhead tanks / Underground Water tanks / or similar nature of work
Candidates age must be maximum 55 years as of 01-10-2023. Age is relaxable for reserved category candidates.
Selection Process for RITES Recruitment 2023:
- The selection process includes an Interview.
- A minimum of 60% marks for UR/ EWS (50% for SC/ST/OBC (NCL)/ PWD against reserved posts) in interview will be required to enable the candidate to be considered for placement on the panel
- The weightage distribution of various parameters of the selection shall be as under:
- Experience – 10%
- Interview – 90%.(Technical & Professional proficiency – 60 %; Personality Communication & Competency – 30%
- Interviews will be conducted on a first come first serve basis.
How To Apply for RITES Recruitment 2023?
Interested and eligible candidates can submit their online application on or before 17th October 2023. And attend the walk-in drive on respective dates.
For more details: Click Here
Apply Link: Click Here
- 13th October 2023 to 20th October 2023.
- No Interview on 15th October 2023


Transportation Engineering Master's and PhD Programs in Canada
Transportation Engineering graduate and post-graduate programs and degrees offered in Canada.
Browse and compare over 10,000 master's, graduate certificate, doctorate (PHD) and residency programs offered in universities, faculties and research centres across Canada.
| Canada University Programs | Transportation Engineering |
Study and Work in Transportation Engineering in Canada
Graduate Transportation Engineering Admission Requirements
The prequisites required to become accepted in an graduate and/or post-graduate PhD program in Transportation Engineering.
What Transportation Engineering Students Learn
Topics and concepts that are covered and the overall approach or focus taken in studying Transportation Engineering.
Research in Transportation Engineering
Research areas, topics, interests projects in Transportation Engineering.
Career and Employment Opportunities in Transportation Engineering
Professions or occupations available to graduates in Transportation Engineering and links to employment resources.
What is Transportation Engineering?
Transportation engineering is the application of engineering principles to the safe and efficient transport of goods and people. Transportation engineering in Canada focuses on automobile infrastructures, although it also encompasses sea, air and rail systems.
There are three main areas: transportation planning, design, and management. Transportation planning uses technical forecasting decisions and political factors. Transportation design includes the sizing of transportation facilities, determining the materials and thickness used in pavement, and designing the geometry of the roadway. Transportation management involves traffic engineering such as tolling, variable message signs, and ramp meters.
About Transportation Engineering
Transportation engineering is a subfield of civil engineering. It is also related to urban planning.


Our insulation products fits all types of buildings and range from roofs, loft, walls, floors, foundation to fire stopping solutions, HVAC systems and sub-sea pipelines
Stone wool/Rock wool is a versatile material based on one of nature’s most abundant resources – volcanic rock. ROCKWOOL insulation is non-combustible - one of the most vital properties of ROCKWOOL stone wool is its ability to withstand temperatures of more than 1000°C without melting.
ROCKWOOL insulation gives us pleasant indoor environments by keeping out the freezing cold. In hot climates, stone wool helps to keep indoor temperatures comfortably cool. Our acoustic solutions improve schools, hospitals, offices and sport facilities in many countries


Solar Surface Water Pumping System is a Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System, having an energy efficient DC Surface Centrifugal Pump coupled with a 900W SPV Array. This system is typically used for providing potable water, crop irrigation and livestock watering.
Pumps water from boreholes, wells, lakes or rivers
Operates without human interference
Optional feature of GPS for maximum water flow
Ideal for places where electricity/diesel power is unreliable
Quick and easy installation
Works under harsh climatic conditions
Ideal for rural water supplies, livestock and agriculture


LINKTOWER is a linkable lighting tower system, which allows several towers to be powered by a single point, by generator, VT1 or by the mains. LINKTOWER is very safe and simple to use, with the VT single movement vertical telescopic mast. Deploying Linktower Lighting towers is an easy one man job. Available as standard telescopic lighting tower, with portable generator or on a road tow trailer.
|Image||Model||Mast Height||Voltage||Floodlights||Price (Inc VAT)|
|LinkTower 110V||7 metres||110V||4X400W metal halide||
|Linktower 230V||7 Metres||220 Volt||4X400W metal halide||
|VT2||7 Metres||230 Volt||4X400W metal halide||
|VB-9||8m||230v||Lamps Metal Halide||
|VT-1+||9m||10kVA - 240V||Metal Halide||
|VT-1 Eco||9m||10kVA - 240V||Metal Halide||


WHEEL LOADER SCALE
Our Wheel Loader scale enables quick and efficient weighing while loading and moving materials with the wheel loader. Weighing information collected to the memory of the scale can be printed with each weighing or transferred to be utilized for business activities via USB, a cloud service or integration directly to an ERP or other system. We offer following three models:
The easy-to-use storage weighing mode enables monitoring the amounts of moved materials while separating different material types.
The memo weighing mode can be used when loading materials for different customers or onto different trucks during the same work shift, for example.
The quick basic weighing mode comes in handy when there is no need to separate material information or other information.
It offers features like:
Accurate weighing results, 0.5–2.0%
Weighing information can be transferred to a cloud server or, via integration, to an ERP or other system
Compatible with all available models
IP 67 protection class
2G / 3G / 4G mobile data transfer
Wi-Fi 802.11b / g
Cloud services and integration opportunities
Can be connected to a modern, wireless Bluetooth printer
A wheel loader scale is a weighing system integrated into a wheel loader, a heavy construction machine used for material handling and loading tasks. The scale allows the operator to accurately weigh the material being lifted and loaded by the wheel loader. It operates using load cells or other weight-sensing technology, providing real-time weight measurements.
Wheel loader scales offer several benefits in construction and material handling settings. They provide on-the-go weighing capabilities, allowing for efficient loading without the need for a separate weighing station. This increases productivity, saves time, and ensures accurate loading of trucks or containers. Additionally, it helps prevent overloading, which can lead to safety hazards and compliance issues.
Yes, wheel loader scales can typically be calibrated to accommodate different types of materials and load capacities. This calibration process ensures accurate weight measurements for specific materials with varying densities and characteristics. It allows the scale to be customized to meet the requirements of different industries, such as construction, mining, agriculture, and more.


After closing you’ll keep your BuilderTrend account. If you have a warranty issue or question, you can enter your claim in BuilderTrend. All warranty items are tracked and updated, providing you with current information. There is also a discussion tab that allows you to communicate your questions to your Gonyea team of experts, assuring that you get a timely reply. Emergency contact information is provided for our plumbing, HVAC and electrical partners, so you have 24/7 peace of mind.
Our building standards go above and being the industry standards. For added peace of mind, the Holmes Approved Homes program ensures your home is built right—inside and out.
A sealed sump basket with passive radon mitigation system is standard equipment. No maintenance and no worries about radon in your new home.
Many of our models are built with zoned heating and an air-to-air exchanger, (always an option for custom homes). New homes are built tightly to save energy, but this can have a negative effect on air quality. An air-to-air exchanger (also known as an HRV) brings fresh air into the home, and sends stale air out of the home. This prevents indoor air pollutants such as mold, pet dander, plant pollen, allergens and other compounds from building up in your home.
Our subflooring is backed by a 50-Year warranty against delamination and manufacturing defects. Because they are made from small, fast growing trees, these materials are also environmentally friendly.
A poured concrete subfloor underneath our tile floors makes the tile crack resistant.
Twenty-inch floor trusses eliminate the need for soffits and mitigate noise from above. In the basement, this gives you a true 9-foot ceiling. So if you’re wondering why the basement feels like the upper level, it’s because of this type of construction.
Rim joists are insulated with closed cell spray foam to block air and moisture leaks and prevent mold.
Drainboard insulation on the outside of the foundation keeps the cold on the exterior, not the interior where it can cause condensation. Superior foundation insulation also helps in exterior drainage and has three times the warranty length of traditional membrane water proofing alone.
We use the top-quality Watchdog® Waterproofing System (15-year warranty) that features a tough, flexible, spray-applied membrane to seamlessly bridge cracks and seal out water. Along with our specially-designed drain tile system and sump basket, you will have the peace of mind of never having to worry about a wet basement.