Posting a great article by DSP Inspections: http://www.dspinspections.com/eifs_facts.htm
1. EIFS – A Brief History
|Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems is an insulating, decorative and protective finish system for exterior walls that can be installed on any type of construction. It is the only exterior wall covering that insulates and provides weather protection in a selection of shapes, colors, and textures that can replicate almost any architectural style or finish material, or stand by itself as an architectural finish. While similar in appearance to stucco, EIFS is an exterior cladding system that consists of components and installation requirements very different from traditional stucco(see Figure 1 – Sectional View of a Typical EIFS Application). EIFS also requires very different care and maintenance than its “look-alike” cousin, traditional stucco.
In 1952, two significant developments took place that led to the development of EIFS in Europe. The first patent was granted for expanded polystyrene (EPS) insulation board and the first synthetic plaster, an organic plaster using water based binders, was developed. The use of EPS and synthetic resin materials together began in the late 1950s and in 1963
|EIFS was marketed in Europe. EIFS answered a need in the European construction market for a material that could insulate older masonry structures and enhance their appearance. In Europe, the use of EIFS on stud/sheathing walls is rare, as most European buildings have solid masonry walls. European concrete or masonry substrates can function as exterior walls without the EIFS. European EIFS tend to have thicker and coarser finishes, which provides for better waterproofing. The systems used in Europe also feature the use of less portland cement and a higher resin content in the base coat, giving the system more flexibility and water resistance, albeit at greater cost.The technology for EIFS was transferred to the United States in 1969, when Rhode Island-based Dryvit Systems, Inc. introduced EIFS in the U.S. During the oil crisis of the early and mid 1970s, EIFS becomes popular with energy-conscientious builders and buyers, who sometimes see energy bills halved. EIFS began by being used almost exclusively in the commercial building market, and was only gradually adopted for use in homes. By 1980, EIFS cladding accounted for one-half of 1 percent of the residential housing market, and by 1995 nearly 200 million square feet (18,580,608 m2) of EIFS were being installed annually on exterior walls in North America.
Also, in 1995, the industry suffered a setback when a number of EIFS clad homes in the Wilmington, North Carolina area were discovered with moisture damage behind the cladding. The damage was caused by poor construction detailing and practices, principally, the omission or improper installation of flashing in violation of minimum standards of construction set forth in building codes. A federal and several state class action lawsuits were filed, only one of which was certified (in the State of North Carolina). The North Carolina class action was settled by manufacturers. While the original problems were discovered first in North Carolina, it is really a nationwide issue.
In March of 1999, the NAHB (National Association of Home Builders) Research Center listed the most common problems they found that were associated with water intrusion in EIF systems as being:
|The NAHB commissioned study went on to state:|
|2. What Is EIFS (Exterior Insulated Finish Systems)?|
|While giving the appearance of stucco, EIFS is actually a multi-layered wall system that consists of the following components:
The first half of the acronym, “Exterior Insulation” is derived from the fact that the first component installed is a foam insulation board. The foam board is mechanically and/or adhesively attached to the exterior sheathing of the home. In this respect the foam board serves as an exterior insulating layer. Over this foam board is applied a synthetic base-coat material in which is embedded a fiberglass reinforcing mesh. This is typically referred to as the “base-coat”. On top of the base coat is applied one or more “finish coats”. This is the exterior layer that gives the product its stucco-like appearance. Hence the second part of the acronym “Finish Systems”.EFIS provides many advantages that other exterior finishes and sidings do not. Chief among these are superior energy efficiency and great design flexibility. As a matter of fact, studies have shown that EIFS can reduce the air infiltration in a wall by as much as 55%, when compared to standard brick or wood construction. One should bear in mind that an EIFS system is a non-structural component of the wall. In other words, it is not designed to be weight bearing.
Most early EIFS employed a face seal approach to rainwater management, and was thus very susceptible to failure. Because of these early problems, most EIFS now incorporates some sort of a drainage plane to allow for moisture drainage. Newer installations incorporating this design could be considered concealed barrier systems. However, due to the nature of the product and the realities of the construction process, even newer drainage EIFS systems can experience problems:
|Because EIFS (Exterior Insulated Finish Systems) rely on a perfect seal at the exterior surfaces, they are susceptible to entrapment of moisture inside the system. Water can enter the system where seams and seals fail, where moisture migrates from inside the building and where punched openings (windows, doors, etc.) are present. Because of the low vapor permeability of the finish, water trapped behind the EIFS cannot dry out quickly toward the outside of the wall (see figure 1). Depending on the rest of the wall system design and installation, there may also be limited drying potential to the inside. Limited drying potential in combination with high leakage potential can lead to moisture buildup inside the wall, and eventually to mold growth and structural decay.|
|3. The Causes Of Most EIFS Problems|
|Since EIFS clearly provides many advantages, what’s the big deal? The basic problem begins with the erroneous belief that homes can be made to be “water proof”. The simple truth is, they cannot. For example, even when applied by professional caulking applicators, All caulk joints will eventually fail. . . .even those caulk joints made under laboratory conditions. No residential windows are fully waterproof. . . .they are designed and manufactured to a water-resistant standard. Some water will always find a way in. When it can’t get out, you have a problem.
A. Why Can EIFS Be A Problem?
Homes clad with EIFS (Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems) a.k.a. synthetic stucco have a very strong tendency to retain moisture between the sheathing of the home and the finish system. The design of EIFS, unlike other systems (brick, stone, siding, etc.), does not allow the moisture to drain out. The problem is water intrusion and entrapment in the wall cavities. The moisture can sit in contact with the sheathing for a prolonged period and rotting may result. Damage can be serious.
While a brick or stone wall will contain an internal drainage plane behind it and weep holes along the bottom edge to allow for water drainage, moisture intruding into the EIFS wall cavities is more damaging because it cannot readily escape back out through the waterproof EIFS exterior as quickly as it can through brick veneer, stone, or cement stucco, leaving the internal sheathing and wood framing vulnerable to rot and decay.
Successful installation of EIFS depends upon keeping water out of the wall cavities. Consequently, in an effort to keep the water out, an industry-wide installation standard was developed that details installation procedures to be followed. In conjunction with this, the EIFS manufacturers then trained and certified applicators to install their products and supplied them with materials which met specification standards.But, here is where the system begins to break down, because unfortunately, the manufacturers failed to take into account the realities of residential construction:
B. Problems With Secondary Weather Barrier & Inability To Drain
Most wood-framed residential homes require a secondary weather barrier to be placed over the sheathing before the exterior cladding is installed. This barrier protects the home from incidental water intrusion and allows moisture to exit the home by traveling on top of the barrier, keeping the sheathing and structural members relatively dry. Eliminating a barrier and rendering a substrate unprotected invites trouble, no matter what type of exterior cladding is used.
Due to the design of the EIFS, a majority of EIFS clad homes built before 1997 do not have a secondary weather barrier placed over the exterior sheathing. A large number of EIFS applications use an adhesive to fasten the two-foot by four-foot insulation boards to the sheathing. If an adhesive is used to hold the insulation boards to the sheathing, then a secondary weather barrier cannot be used. Any water that infiltrates the system will become trapped between the EIFS and the sheathing.
It is estimated that 95 percent of homes clad with EIFS in the United States are barrier-type. Most barrier EIFS projects are adhesively applied because it is less time consuming to install. Adhesively applied EIFS prohibits a vapor barrier from being installed. It also prevents many self-flashing windows from being installed properly since the sill flashing must be cut off to accommodate the adhesively attached foam board.
EIFS homes built before 1997 have a greater chance for moisture intrusion problems. Newer EIFS homes built since 1997 using “drainage EIFS” may have a reduced chance of moisture intrusion, but are not immune.
C. Lack Of Applicator Training
EIFS must be purchased from an EIFS distributor. The manufacturer or distributor trains applicators and issues certificates stating that the applicator has been properly trained. It is the responsibility of the distributor to ensure that EIFS is sold only to those certified applicators.
Unfortunately, certification, training, and insistence upon maintaining standards seems to have become almost meaningless in the marketplace. For example, although most every manufacturer requires the use of backer rod & sealant joints around windows and doors, and edge of the foam should be backwrapped, these very important details often omitted. Why?
|Having said this, still the best way to assure a high quality job is to rely on members of the EIFS Industry Members Association (EIMA). EIMA members must meet all applicable building code testing requirements and industry performance standards.
You can contact EIMA at 1-800-294-3462, or write EIMA, 3000 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 270, Morrow, GA 30260.
D. Deviations From Installation Guidelines
Deviations from Industry Standard guidelines during installation, is likely the largest contributor to EIFS cladding problems. EIFS application requires the strict observance of manufacturer recommended specifications and guidelines, and involves meticulous workmanship and attention to detail. When improperly applied, the EIFS cladding does not perform its intended function and can allow water to infiltrate behind the cladding, where it becomes trapped.
Due to the lessons learned during the early years of the industry, around 1996 set of “Installation Details” were developed by EIMA (EIFS Industry Members Association), that have since become the industry installation standard. Each manufacturer may have its own specific requirements as well. EIFS Installation Details are procedures outlined by the EIFS manufacturer that provide guidance to the architect, builder and applicator as to the proper installation of the product. All EIFS manufacturers have details and procedures that builders and applicators are expected to follow. Installation details are typically very similar among EIFS products and EIFS manufacturers, but there are differences.
A common misconception among some applicators is that the “Installation Details” are designed for specific parts of the country, exposed to certain weather conditions, and not to them. This couldn’t be farther from the truth, and has led to some expensive repairs having to be made. The Installation Details were designed to be used industry-wide, and are applicable whether the installation is in a northern cold climate, or southern warm climate. One should never make the mistake of dismissing as being insignificant, even some of the smaller deviations from the accepted industry installation standards. Unfortunately, there is a long history of applicators having done this in the past. . .to their great regret later on when the bills come due to pay for replacing the entire exterior. When installed properly, many EIF systems can perform well. However, EIFS is a very unforgiving product and even the smallest short-cut in installation standards and quality of components, can lead to big problems down the road.
The problem we face now is, sometimes an individual contractor may fail to fully follow the manufacturer’s installation guidelines. Often times only a portion of the guidelines are followed, materials from different manufacturers are inter-mixed, etc. This can allow moisture into the wall system. Once the moisture is in it can’t get out, which can lead to wood rot. Some of the more common installation “short-cuts” are listed below:
E. Divided Responsibilities
An EIFS applicator is responsible for the application process-attaching the foam insulation to the substrate, applying the fiberglass mesh, embedding the fiberglass mesh with base coat and applying a finish coat. EIFS installers have little control over construction details designed to prevent water intrusion into wall cavities from roofs, even including those details which are required by some state building codes and by the specifications of the EIFS manufacturers. Many details outlined by manufacturers require the services of other tradesmen. A typical EIFS applicator does not install backer rods and sealant, but should install the EIFS so that it is possible to install these critical components. The builder is responsible for subcontracting the backer rod and sealant components. Flashing around windows, doors, decks, chimneys and roofs is the responsibility of the builder and his roofer. Unless the builder required the roofing subcontractor to install step flashing and (EIFS required) kickouts, it probably was not done.
The applicator should recognize improper flashing and not continue the application process until the problem is corrected. Unfortunately, this also slows down the overall building process. . .costing the home builder extra money. It doesn’t take an applicator long to recognize that an unhappy home builder may NOT call him to bid on the next project. According to the National Association of Home Builders Research Center,
F. Pressure Differentials
EIFS is basically a face-sealed system. The system relies on a water and airtight seal over the entire wall system. When this is achieved, an air cavity is created between the exterior sheathing behind the EIFS and the interior of the home. Positive air pressure changes caused by wind on the exterior of the home create a negative pressure in the wall cavity. Any breach in the barrier EIFS system will force air through that opening and into the wall cavity. When rain is introduced in this scenario, water (in its liquid form or as vapor), not air, is forced through any breach in the barrier EIFS. Many researchers indicate that the difference in pressure differentials is responsible for the majority of the water intrusions in face-sealed systems. Other wall claddings such as brick, lap siding, shingles and traditional stucco allow air to infiltrate, thus rendering the positive force applied to the building to be balanced.
G. Lack of Care and Maintenance
The beautiful architectural designs made possible by synthetic stucco systems make these homes very desirable and marketable. It is critical, however, to carefully maintain these systems to prevent water intrusion and deterioration. It is very important that the six following steps be followed to protect your investment.
1. Annually inspect all sealant around windows, doors, penetrations through the EIFS, EIFS transitions (such as EIFS to brick, EIFS to stone), and stucco terminations (at roof, at grade, at patios or walkways). Arrange for prompt repair of any areas of caulk that is split, cracking, crazing or is losing adhesion. Also, promptly repair any cracks in the EIFS.
2. Any leaks, cracks, areas of discoloration, mold or mildew should be promptly investigated by a certified EIFS inspector. Repairs should be proper and prompt.
3. Anytime you make a penetration through the EIFS such as to mount a satellite dish, add shutters, new wiring, cables, plumbing, security systems, etc., the perimeters must be sealed with a quality sealant approved for EIFS.
4. Modifications, additions or renovations (including roof replacement) to the structure of any kind should be inspected by a qualified EIFS inspector to ensure waterproofing of critical details is properly performed.
5. Periodic cleaning of the surface is necessary to maintain its appearance and prevent permanent staining. Pressure cleaning equipment must be calibrated to the EIFS manufacturer’s recommended pressure level (low) to prevent damage. Select a firm with experience in cleaning these EIFS systems. There are no products that are totally maintenance free, and EIFS is no different.
6. Maintenance Schedule. I would recommend setting up a maintenance schedule with an EIFS specialist to carefully inspect the exterior for damage, about every 1-2 years. Any needed repairs should be made at that time (usually just re-caulking, etc.). EIFS is the type of system where it is very important to catch any problems early-on.
In conjunction with the above noted maintenance schedule, you should contract with a qualified specialist (i.e. home inspector, etc.), to perform a complete surface scan of the exterior, on a regular basis (about every 2-3 years or so). This is performed using a very sophisticated instrument that can detect areas of hidden & trapped moisture beneath the surface of the EIFS. Again, it is important to catch problems early-on.
|4. How Does This Affect Me and My Home?|
|My own experience in the field, actually inspecting homes with EIFS, supports the findings of the NAHB study. I have seen very few homes where the installation contractor has followed all the industry guidelines and specifications. This doesn’t mean that the EIFS has failed in all these homes. . .it means that the EIFS is at greater risk of failure and eventual leakage.Hire a trained professional to inspect your house, and give you an assessment as to any needed repairs.|


JOIN THE SKILLINGS CONNOLLY TEAM
Skillings Connolly is always looking for talented individuals who are seeking exciting opportunities for personal and professional growth. We offer competitive salaries with a comprehensive benefits plan.
TRANSPORTATION/ TRAFFIC ENGINEER
General Job Description
The primary duties of the Transportation/Traffic Engineer position include working collaboratively as part of a project team, under the direction of a project manager/engineer on a variety of traffic and transportation public work projects. Work with: Work Zone Traffic Control, traffic modeling; design of parking lots, highways, interchanges and intersections; signing, striping, signal design; drainage and environmental analysis as relates to transportation; management of technical staff related to schedule, budget and quality of work product; use AutoCADD, Civil 3D, and Microstation software; drainage design principals and reports, drainage design software such as WWHM, HydroCADD, Civil 3D Suite including Storm and Sanitary Sewer software; use ways, means and methods required for utility coordination; use dispersion and diffusion principals related to air and water quality; technical report writing. Multiple positions.
- Required Qualifications: Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering or related. 3 months experience as Civil Engineer or Transportation Engineer. Experience must include developing transportation/traffic control plans and utility design.
Send resume to:
Thomas Skillings, Skillings Connolly, Inc., 5016 Lacey Boulevard SE, Lacey, WA 98503, or send resume to firstname.lastname@example.org.


Over 10 years ago, the government of Nepal approved the construction of a water tunnel that promised to deliver much needed drinking water to residents in Kathmandu, Nepal’s capital city. Originally scheduled for completion by the end of 2007, construction is only half completed.
Less than half of Kathmandu’s residents have access to piped water. That’s during the rainy season when water is more abundant. Those who can afford it have to buy water for basic necessities like drinking, taking baths and cleaning dishes. No one really knows how safe the drinking water is. Waterborne diseases like cholera, dysentery and Hepatitis E kill thousands every year.
Government officials say the new tunnel called, The Melamchi Water Supply Project, will help alleviate the water shortages and provide clean drinking water. But residents in Kathmandu are skeptical. The project has faced numerous delays. The Chinese company, China Railway 15 Bureau Group, originally hired to do the job, was fired for lack of progress. In 2012, an Italian construction company, Cooperativa Muratori E Cementisti di Ravenna (CMC), was hired to finish the more than 20 KM of tunnel left to dig. They’re “as good as the Chinese so far,” said Rajan Pandey, the deputy of the development project. The tunnel is supposed to be finished by the end of 2016 but more delays plague the project. All construction was put on hold for 15 days after the earthquakes in April. More recently, CMC stopped construction again, citing lack of materials due to strikes in several parts of the country.


The purpose of dock shelter is to contain air movement during the loading process in order to prevent heat loss and limit any negative influence of such external factors as precipitation, dust and other particulates. Dock seal dimensions depend on: width and height of trucks, door dimensions and sealing efficiency required. We provide dock shelters of non-standard dimensions at request.
An electro-hydraulic device bridging the gap between a warehouse and a truck’s cargo hold. It provides an uninterrupted loading process, facilitating the workflow. There are two versions available: steel or aluminum made from sheets of tread plate of standard load capacity 60kN.
Used in existing and newly designed warehouse buildings. Due to their independent construction, they are mounted outside the buildings, which means they do not take valuable storage space. The stand can be mounted at various angles to optimally use the space outside. In the fully cover version, it also creates a sluice limiting heat loss, the influence of external factors such as atmospheric precipitation and dust.
Dock bridges are useful when the hight difference between a truck’s cargo hold and a warehouse’s floor is quite small. We provide fixed and portable dock bridges. An automatic lock fastens the bridge in a safe position.
Industrial doors are suitable for a variety of structures, such as industrial buildings, public buildings, trade and service buildings, logistic centres, big garages, factories and warehouses. We offer a wide variety of doors providing solutions for almost any type of building.
Our industrial doors are fully compatible with other loading system elements on our offer.
Types of industrial doors
- Sectional doors
- Roll-up doors
- Suspended sliding doors
- Folding doors
- Built-in pedestrian exit
- Air vents
- Fume extraction vent
- Access control devices: digital lock, card reader, remote control, microwave motion sensor
Steel wheel guides complement the loading system equipment. They ensure correct positioning of a vehicle in front of a dock leveller. Wheel guides are made of galvanised thick-walled steel pipes. We offer two types of wheel guides: designed to be screwed down or designed to be embedded in concrete.
Rubber bumpers are installed to protect buildings and vehicles against damage during a docking manoeuvre. Bumpers are highly durable and have a long service lifetime.


Acoustic Consultants Durban
The science of sound in the built environment.
Architectural acoustics refers to acoustics in the built environment. We work with architects, building owners, facilities directors, and technical directors and encourage our involvement in the design and pre-construction phases. With early involvement, we can develop acoustics and AV solutions for construction drawings and help shape environments and systems for desired acoustical performance. Our clients know that a small investment up front helps prevent costly acoustical remediation on the back-end.
Every project is different and usually requires a review of the proposed design including construction methods, facade construction, mechanical ducted systems, generator plant rooms, proposed activities in all spaces, and internal finishes. The acoustical design criteria is based on local SABS and international standards. Typical criteria include sound insulation value (Rw), sound impact insulation value (Ln,T,w), indoor ambient noise level rating (LReq), noise rating (NR), reverberation time (RT60) and speech transmissibility index (STI). Should any standard or regulation not be met in the review, further acoustical engineering analysis and design methods are employed to bring the relevant areas into standard compliance by discussing with the client the best way to go about it taking construction methods, building materials, building system designs, and available technologies and products into account to achieve the requirements.
The science of sound in the environment.
Environmental acoustics refers to acoustics or noise in the outdoor environment. We measure, analyze, and assess noise control problems and provide expert recommendations to control and isolate noise. We work with architects, engineers, building owners, and facilities managers on a wide range of indoor and outdoor acoustics and noise control challenges, from simple to complex, for architectural, industrial, and environmental spaces. Due to building systems such as mechanical and electrical generator plants often exhibiting inherent noise problems to the served building and adjacent noise sensitive properties, architectural and environmental acoustics can often overlap.
We provide analysis and assessments, both predictive (such as noise impact studies that can be used as the baseline for mitigation design) and in-situ (noise monitoring & measurement, noise nuisance studies and legal cases) according to local noise regulations and SABS standards.
AV System Design
Integrated sound system design & room acoustics
Any audio system must be matched to the environment in which it is placed. Put another way, the environment must be conditioned purposefully to ensure the intended audio system performs at it's optimum. In fact all audio system specifications and parameters such as frequency response range and directivity, whether for small home studios or multiple line array module installation, are acquired from laboratory controlled acoustic environments. Even modern DSP software supplied with new systems can only help so much. Chat to any audio professional and they will tell you without a doubt that the room is the most influential 'black box' in the audio signal chain. We have never heard of, and never will hear of any professional post-production or critical listening facility that employs only DSP algorithms to achieve the desired rooms' response.
As AV design consultants we can model a room design on a computer and even auralize (hear) the expected outcome of a specific sound system in a specific room environment, in any listening position, all prior to any expenditure. Design criteria include reverberation time (RT60), speech transmissibility index (STI / STIPA), ambient noise level rating (LReq), sound insulation value (Rw), clarity (C50, 80) and direct vs reverberant field level ratio (C/R).


The world of real estate is rapidly evolving, and with advancements in technology, buildings are becoming smarter and more efficient than ever before. Smart buildings leverage advanced technology for a number of benefits, which are the biggest drivers of smart building tech adoption. Let’s discuss these drivers in more detail.
Increased Demand for Energy-Efficiency
The demand for energy-efficient buildings has been increasing over the years as people become more aware of the impact of buildings on the environment. Smart building technology can help property owners and managers to reduce energy consumption and save on utility costs. The technology leverages sensors, automation, and data analytics to optimize energy usage in buildings.
For example, smart lighting systems can automatically turn off lights in unoccupied areas, reducing energy usage. Similarly, smart HVAC systems can adjust temperature settings based on occupancy and weather patterns, optimizing energy usage while maintaining tenant comfort. These energy-efficient features not only reduce the carbon footprint of buildings but also help to lower operational costs.
Improved Tenant Experience
Smart building technology can enhance the tenant experience by providing a comfortable and convenient environment. Smart access control systems can enable tenants to access the building and their units using a smartphone app or a key card, eliminating the need for physical keys. Smart parking systems can guide tenants to available parking spots, reducing the time spent searching for a spot.
Moreover, smart building technology can also help to provide a healthier indoor environment. Sensors can monitor indoor air quality and adjust ventilation rates accordingly, ensuring that the air is clean and healthy. Additionally, smart building systems can also reduce noise levels, making the indoor environment more comfortable for tenants.
Security is a top priority for property owners and tenants alike. Smart building technology can help to enhance building security by leveraging advanced sensors, cameras, and access control systems. Smart video surveillance systems can provide real-time video monitoring, enabling property owners to detect potential threats and take proactive measures.
Smart access control systems can also help to prevent unauthorized access to the building and units. The systems can use biometric authentication or facial recognition technology to verify tenant identity, ensuring that only authorized individuals can access the building and units. These security features not only provide peace of mind for tenants but also help to protect the building from theft and vandalism.
Smart building technology can help property owners and managers to save on operational costs by optimizing building systems and reducing energy consumption. Smart building systems, for example, can detect and diagnose equipment malfunctions, enabling maintenance teams to take corrective measures before the issue escalates. This proactive approach can help to reduce repair and replacement costs, prolonging the lifespan of building equipment.
Moreover, smart building technology can also help to reduce labor costs by automating routine tasks such as lighting and temperature control. This frees up maintenance staff to focus on more complex tasks that require human intervention.
Smart building technology is rapidly becoming a must-have feature for modern buildings. As technology continues to advance, the potential for smart building technology will only continue to grow.


Work to demolish the old station platforms at Cameron Bridge is now complete.
Following the successful completion of the first mile in March, and significant progress on the second mile, the removal of the old platforms of the former Cameron Bridge station clears the way for the next stages of track work.
The old platforms adjacent to the Diageo factory were 210 metres in length and made up from masonry and fill materials totalling approximately 5000 tonnes. Their removal was needed to clear the way for the double track railway which will reconnect Leven to the mainline rail network.
The demolished platform material will be retained onsite and fittingly, will be used as infill for the new Cameron Bridge station platforms which is being built 200 metres to the east.
The size and scale of the work to remove the platforms and the plant and machinery now operating on the construction of the rail link project offer further evidence of the dangers to those who are still using the railway corridor for leisure purposes.
The project team is keen to reiterate the message that local people should not now be using the area for their own safety to avoid coming into contact with engineering trains, railway plant and machinery delivering the work.
Joe Mulvenna, Project Manager for the Levenmouth Rail Link Project, said: “The platform demolitions offer further evidence of the progress now being made on the delivery of the project.
“Work is ongoing all across the route and activity is set to ramp-up even further in the coming months and so we are asking people who have previously used the area to walk dogs, for leisure or for exercise to please find an alternative.
“Increased work activity means more vehicle movements and the first-mile section is now a live railway and so very dangerous.
"Our priority is safety, both of the local people and for those working hard to deliver the project, and the best way to promote safety is by now asking local people not to continue to use the railway corridor.”


A consultant’s drawing illustrates possible development of Methuen Square. (Courtesy graphic.)
New housing, commercial spaces and riverfront walks is the hope for Methuen’s downtown as the city considers adopting a “Smart Growth Zoning Overlay District.”
During a series of meetings Thursday, Mayor Stephen N. Zanni, members of the Department of Economic and Community Development and the city’s design firm, Harriman, presented the possibilities. The overlay district is allowed under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40R.
“Our goal with 40R is to better utilize the space we have in the city to best allow for economic development growth,” Zanni said. “We want downtown Methuen to be an attractive place where businesses have the best opportunity to flourish and visitors are compelled to stop and experience all we have to offer.”
The city seeks to achieve five goals: support and attract a set of complementary uses that will foster a full and vital downtown; retain and reuse historic buildings so that they contribute to the character and economic success of the district; provide access, views, amenities and places along the river as a distinguishing feature of the downtown; reorganize streets, intersections, crosswalks and sidewalks to make the district more convenient, safe and easier to navigate; and create an “eminently walkable downtown that is interesting and pleasant for pedestrians.”
If the city decides to adopt the new zoning plan, officials said, there could be up to 600 new housing units—450 in new construction and 150 in renovated historic buildings; up to 80,000 square feet of retail/commercial space—60,000 in new construction and 20,000 in renovated historic buildings; up to a half-mile of new riverfront walks; and up to a quarter mile of the Methuen Rail Trail within the downtown area.
“This action plan gives us a blueprint to revitalize our historic downtown and positions Methuen to receive additional funding and resources to implement our vision,” said William Buckley, director of Economic and Community Development. “The new zoning will help to unlock the development potential that exists throughout the area to create a downtown we can be proud of. New private investment is required to achieve that. So much potential is there.”


In an era where environmental consciousness is becoming increasingly crucial, industries worldwide are reevaluating their practices to align with sustainability goals. Seafreight, the transportation of goods by sea, emerges as a beacon of ecological responsibility with a myriad of advantages that contribute to a greener planet.
1. Fuel Efficiency and Emission Reduction
One of the primary ecological advantages of seafreight is its unparalleled fuel efficiency. Container ships, the workhorses of seafreight, are designed for maximum cargo capacity and streamlined navigation. This efficiency translates to significantly lower fuel consumption per ton of cargo compared to other modes of transportation like air or road.
Additionally, technological advancements in engine design and fuel efficiency have further reduced greenhouse gas emissions, making seafreight a more sustainable option for global trade.
2. Reduced Congestion and Infrastructure Pressure
Seafreight minimizes the strain on terrestrial infrastructure. Unlike road and rail transportation, which often lead to congestion and increased demand for infrastructure development, sea freight relies on existing waterways and ports. This reduces the need for continuous expansion and maintenance of land-based transportation systems, alleviating the environmental impact of constructing and maintaining roads and railways.
3. Ecosystem Conservation
Sea freight minimizes the need for land-based transportation routes that could potentially disrupt delicate ecosystems. Constructing roads and railways often involves clearing large swathes of land, leading to deforestation and habitat destruction. By utilizing existing water routes, sea freight helps to preserve natural habitats, supporting biodiversity and ecosystem stability.
4. Energy-Efficient Technology
The maritime industry is undergoing a transformation with the adoption of energy-efficient technologies. From innovative hull designs to the use of alternative fuels, the industry is actively exploring ways to further reduce its environmental footprint.
Some vessels are incorporating renewable energy sources such as wind or solar power, demonstrating a commitment to sustainable practices and a reduced reliance on traditional fossil fuels.
5. Economies of Scale
Sea freight benefits from economies of scale, as large container ships can carry massive quantities of goods in a single voyage. This concentration of cargo reduces the overall transportation carbon footprint per unit of goods transported. Fewer journeys are required to move the same amount of cargo, leading to a more efficient and environmentally friendly mode of transportation.
6. Recyclable Packaging and Waste Management
The extended transit times associated with sea freight offer a unique advantage in terms of waste management. Companies are incentivized to use durable, recyclable, and eco-friendly packaging to withstand the longer journey. This not only reduces the environmental impact of packaging materials but also encourages a more circular economy by promoting recycling and responsible waste disposal practices.
7. Global Collaboration for Environmental Standards
Given the international nature of sea freight, there’s a growing trend toward global collaboration to establish and enforce environmental standards. Organizations, governments, and industry players are working together to develop regulations that promote cleaner technologies, sustainable practices, and the overall reduction of the industry’s ecological footprint.
In conclusion, sea freight stands out as a key player in the pursuit of a more sustainable future. Its inherent advantages, such as fuel efficiency, reduced congestion, and a focus on eco-friendly technologies, position it as a vital component in the global effort to combat climate change.
As the maritime industry continues to evolve and adopt greener practices, sea freight will likely play an increasingly pivotal role in fostering a harmonious balance between economic growth and environmental conservation.


Drainage channel with cover panel in two different versions for the wet zone The drainage channel with cover panel ensures a suitable channel for the wet zone. The drainage channel is made of hardened aluminium profile with an anodised surface and a thickness of 2 mm. It is available in two variants and three sizes. Available sizes 800 x 80 mm 900 x 80 mm 1000 x 900 mm The cover is optionally available in glossy chrome or as a tilable cover. The height of the drain channel is adjustable between 95 mm and 130 mm. A circumferential, built-in sealing sleeve and a Viega drain set model Domoplex with horizontal outlet are inclusive. The drain capacity is 0.5 l/sec, according to DIN 274. The drainage channel has a sealing water height of 30 mm.


Sustainable Development Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
We are all aware of the importance of sanitation and its role in maintaining good hygiene but it’s a concept that most of us spend very little time thinking about, however, for billions of people around the world proper sanitation is something that is still unavailable and causes millions of deaths every year. Why is this still the case, and how do we stop this being the case?
A large part of the problem has been the rate of growth in developing cities. Urbanisation in poorer parts of the world has meant that the populations of cities has grown so quickly that those responsible for installing crucial infrastructure cannot keep up, and often do not have the available resources to do so. In these cities the necessary sewage infrastructure hasn’t been built which means that sewage goes untreated and can often be found in the water sources for the local population. If the necessary infrastructure hasn’t been built, and there are no immediate plans to build them, how can proper sanitation be provided to those living in these areas? To do so requires a complete reinvention of the way we think about modern sanitation techniques.
Great progress in this area has been made by the Water, Sanitation and hygiene program launched by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation. In 2011 the program started the “reinvent the toilet” challenge in the hopes of finding a new solution to the sanitation crisis in the less developed areas of the world. In the first year of the initiative 16 researchers where given grants to continue to develop and introduce their new innovations in sanitation. Since then many of these ideas have been turned into a reality, and have been implemented in multiple projects across the world.
Perhaps the biggest single innovation to come from the Water, Sanitation and hygiene program has been the OmniProcessor. The OmniProcessor is a new kind of low-cost waste treatment plant developed by Janicki Bioenergy with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The OmniProcessor processes waste then converts it into clean drinking water and electricity. Each OmniProcessor costs around $1,500,000 and can provide waste treatment services for around 100,000 people. Investing in proper sanitation also has a demonstrable economic benefit: for every $1 invested in better sanitation provides $5.50 in economic gain due to decreased levels of disease and infection. The new treatment plants would also provide good employment opportunities for local entrepreneurs to maintain the plants.
What the Water, Sanitation and hygiene program has done, and in a relatively short space of time, is show the world that by combining our resources we can more effectively find new and innovative ways to tackle sustainability related issues, and that by taking the correct actions proper sanitation for all is a goal that can be achieved.
More information on SDG 6 can be found here.


The Urban Development Authority (UDA) Planning and Development Regulations were revised and published for the first time in 35 years. The gazetted Planning & Development Regulations 2021 has various implications in different sectors. Thus, ITPSL has organized a Discussion on “Planning and Development Regulations of the Urban Development Authority & its Implications”. This discussion aims to make members of the ITPSL aware of the Urban Development Authority Planning & Development Regulations 2021 and to discuss the perspectives of various sectors practicing those Planning & Development Regulations. This discussion was held on Saturday, Sept 04, 2021, 6.00 pm – 9.00 pm via Zoom, YouTube, and Facebook.
Plnr. Nirmala Kulathunga, Deputy Director (Planning), and Plnr. Yasantha Perera Assistant Director (Planning) of Urban Development Authority presented the Urban Development Authority Planning & Development Regulations – 2021. Following the presentations of Urban Development Authority Planning & Development Regulations – 20211. Mr. Prasanna De Zoysa, Director- Policy Planning & Regulatory Affairs, Condominium Developers Association of Sri Lanka, Archt. Dayapriya Navaratne Architectural Consultant & Senior lecturer, City school of Architecture and Eng. Nissanka N. Wijeratne, Secretary General/CEO, Chamber of Construction Industries (CCI) presented the Real Estate developers’ view of the regulations, Designers’ view of the regulations, and Construction related perspective of the regulations respectively.
This session was moderated by Archt./Plnr. Piyal Silva, Past President of the Institute of Town Planners Sri Lanka (ITPSL).
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Governor McDonnell Announces That Commonwealth Signs Comprehensive Agreement and Reaches Financial Close to Build the New Route 460 in Southeast Virginia
– Project to greatly improve transportation, create thousands of jobs and have a multi-billion dollar economic impact –
RICHMOND - Governor Bob McDonnell announced today that the Commonwealth has reached a commercial and financial close with US 460 Mobility Partners (a partnership of Ferrovial Agroman, S.A. and American Infrastructure) and the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia to finance, design and build a new 55-mile section of U.S. Route 460 in southeastern Virginia. Project development begins immediately for the new $1.4 billion roadway, which has been a top transportation priority locally, regionally and statewide for nearly a decade. The project was developed to address roadway deficiencies, improve safety, accommodate increasing freight shipments and reduce travel delays among many other needs.
"As recognized by local officials and the General Assembly years ago, there is a clear and critical need for the new U.S. 460," said Governor McDonnell. "In 2000, the Virginia Transportation Act designated U.S. 460 as a high priority in southeastern Virginia. In 2003, the General Assembly passed a law requiring the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) to build a new stretch of U.S. 460 under the Public-Private Transportation Act of 1995. Legislative leaders supported the project because it would improve safety for motorists and connectivity for freight and military traffic among other benefits. Today, the Commonwealth is finally delivering on that need and building a project that will not only make transportation better for the southeastern region and the state, it will also generate jobs and economic development opportunities, bringing extensive long-term benefits in so many ways."
The key benefits of the new U.S. 460 include:
- Safety - Improve travel safety and efficiency along the corridor, including expanding westbound hurricane-evacuation routes
- Jobs - Generate approximately 4,000 jobs during construction and 14,000 jobs over the long-term, according to Chmura Economics
- Economic development - Attract new business opportunities, boost tourism and accommodate greater freight traffic from the growth in demand at the Port of Virginia
- Connectivity - Enhance connectivity among the region's military installations
- Choice and time savings - Provide a reliable alternative to I-64 between Richmond and Norfolk, saving 20 minutes compared to taking the existing U.S. 460
- Economic impact - Chmura Economics estimates that the new highway will have an annual economic impact of $7.3 billion by 2020
The new U.S. 460 will be a four-lane divided highway from Prince George County to Suffolk. The toll road will be parallel to the existing U.S. 460. The existing Route 460 will remain a free alternative.
Secretary of Transportation Sean T. Connaughton explained, "The Commonwealth has worked extensively with localities, the region and the public to complete environmental work, establish a corridor and then go through a lengthy evaluation process to select a private-sector partner and develop a financial plan to design and build the new highway. Today marks a major milestone with a signed contract to begin work on a transportation project that will increase safety and provide a critical link to jobs, commerce and the military."
VDOT, in coordination with the Office of Transportation Public-Private Partnerships, procured the project under Virginia's Public-Private Transportation Act, which allows the Commonwealth to partner with the private sector to finance, design and build transportation improvements. The comprehensive agreement was signed today between VDOT Commissioner Greg Whirley, US 460 Mobility Partners and the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia. Financial close was also reached, which releases funding to launch project work. Bonds issued by the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia to finance the project were oversubscribed, meaning there was demand for more bonds than were available. The bonds were also sold at a lower than planned interest rate, which benefits the Commonwealth.
"VDOT will work with the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia to lead this project and oversee the work performed by US 460 Mobility Partners during construction," said VDOT Commissioner Whirley. "The private-sector team will design and build the project at a fixed cost by a fixed date and will take significant risks associated with delivering the project. The Commonwealth will continue to involve the community and public, seeking their input and addressing their concerns throughout project development and construction."
"We are proud to have worked with the Commonwealth, a visionary state, and regional officials to achieve financial close on the new U.S. 460 project," said Ignacio Vivancos, president of Ferrovial Agroman US, which leads the US 460 Mobility Partners. "Achieving financial close allows us to get down to the real business of delivering this important project to the citizens of Virginia."
William Fralin who chairs the Virginia Port Authority (VPA) Board of Commissioners added, "The VPA is investing in the new U.S. 460 project because it will be an economic engine for the Commonwealth over the long-term, creating opportunities for distribution centers and light manufacturing that will drive cargo through the Port of Virginia. This creates jobs and grows our economy."
"The new U.S. 460 will bring greatly needed job and business benefits to the citizens and residents I represent along the corridor," said Delegate Rick Morris, R-Carrollton. "I support this project because it is an investment in the future of southeastern Virginia. This project comes at a perfect time as the Commonwealth looks for ways to assist the smaller communities to take advantage of economic opportunities."
"The new U.S. 460 will support economic development and private industry development at a time when many in our community are unemployed and under-employed," said Al Casteen, chairman of the Isle of Wight County Board of Supervisors. "The jobs generated during construction and long term will be sought after by both local business and jobseekers. Without a doubt, the new U.S. 460 will bring economic prosperity that will benefit the region and the state well into the future."
Suffolk Mayor Linda T. Johnson said, "The City of Suffolk was recently named one of America's best places to live for job growth. The benefits that the new U.S. 460 will bring including job opportunities and economic development will further enhance this mark of distinction. I welcome this project to our community."
Key business terms and costs:
- VDOT will oversee the work performed by US 460 Mobility Partners during construction, and operate and maintain the facility after the construction is completed. VDOT will retain ownership and all potential excess revenues of the project as well as set the initial toll rates.
- US 460 Mobility Partners will design and build the project.
- The Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia is a non-profit corporation that has sold tax-exempt bonds to finance part of the project. The debt will be non-recourse to VDOT, the Commonwealth and US 460 Mobility Partners. The funding corporation will collect the tolls, adjust the toll rates and manage the toll collection system over the course of 40 years.
- The project cost is $1.396 billion including design, construction and toll collection set-up.
Funding sources are as follows:
- Public funding from VDOT - $903 million, which is lower than originally forecasted due to reduced interest rates in the bond market. A lower amount is anticipated should the Commonwealth secure a low-interest federal loan from the Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) program.
- Public funding from the Virginia Port Authority - $250 million, a lower amount is possible if a TIFIA loan is secured.
- Private sector tax-exempt bonds sold this month by the Route 460 Funding Corporation of Virginia - $243 million (net amount).
- The new U.S. 460 will be a 55-mile four-lane divided, limited-access highway from Suffolk to Prince George County. It will parallel the existing U.S. 460.
- There will be seven interchanges at routes 156, 625, 602, 40, 620, 616 and 258.
- Design and right of way work is expected to begin in 2013, which will include public meetings. Construction is anticipated to start in 2014.
- When the road opens in 2018, tolls will begin at approximately 7 cents per mile ($0.067) for cars and 21 cents per mile ($0.213) for trucks. This equates to $3.69 for cars and $11.72 for trucks for the entire 55 miles.
- Tolls will be collected electronically using E-ZPass and license plate video tolling. There will be no manual toll collection.
- The existing U.S. 460 will have no tolls and remain a free alternative.


Advanced Trenchless offers Robotic obstruction removal for remote-entry pipe (up to 600mm diameter).
Our specialized self-propelled robotic cutter units travel down a pipe. The robot is equipped with a 1.7 horsepower grinder motor and is controlled by the operator from the console area in the above ground cutter truck. The robotic cutter has mounted on it a built in pan and tilt camera to locate and monitor the work being performed. This robotic cutter system allows our trained operators to cut and remove obstructions that previously could only be removed by excavation.
Items such as exposed gaskets, protruding pipe connections, calcite, roots and other hard to remove items from piping are easily removed with this specialized equipment.
After pipe relining is completed reinstatement of lateral connections is performed via our robotic cutter Please go to our you-tube site and watch our video to see it in action.
Call advanced Trenchless now to discuss how our Robot can help you today. 780 988 0879


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we can help solve your water quality problems
Water Scientific Ltd is a complete water quality management solution which has been successfully operating since 1992.
We can manage OJEU or MTC Legionella or Water quality contracts, conduct Legionella risk assessments, Manage Private Water Supplies, Train your staff for legionella control or other water quality matters and organise specific analysis for any water system.
We are primarily a consultancy dealing with all aspects of water management within a built system. Once water enters into a site the maintenance of the water quality is the responsibility of site managers. Water may be heated, chilled, used for cooling, softened, treated and used for numerous other processes. Change is inflicted on the water and therefore the quality may improve or deteriorate.
Our surveys of water systems to help manage and control changes in quality. Our aim to put in maximum scientific effort, but reporting in a non-scientific language.
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ENR Reports that Pennsylvania Route 22/322 now has the longest MSE Wall in the U.S. and Canada, and the 2nd longest in the world. The project is located in Mifflin County, Pa. and involves adding an additional 2 lanes in a bifurcated alignment to supplement the existing 2 lanes in a dangerous stretch of roadway known as â€œLewiston Narrows,â€ between the Juniata River and Shade Mountain. The project also involves approximately 9,000 micropiles, 8,280 linear ft of shoreline retaining walls (nine), and approximately 40,000 ft of H-piles were driven for the retaining wall and for two bridges. (Photo by the Reinforced Earth Company)
Side-hill retaining walls refer primarily to fill-walls built partway down the sides of an existing slope or embankment. They are encountered in roadway and rail widening projects as well as site development but usually in steep terrain. This article provides an overview of the problems, failure mechanisms, investigation approaches, analysis tools and wall type alternatives for these structures. Click through to read the article!
[Update Jan 28, 2008] It appears as if the Port of Seattle is in some hot water for some alleged shady dealings with one of the contractors on the project. More at Seattle Times. [/Update]
Erosion Control magazine has an interesting article on MSE Walls. I think the tie-in of MSE Walls with erosion control is a little questionable (they did mention wall drainage a few times), but the article highlights several interesting projects, particularly the Seattle-Tacoma Airport or Sea-Tac Third Runway Project retaining walls. The West wall for that project is the tallest MSE Wall in North America, 130-ft at its highest point. More after the break. (Photo by Sea-Tac Airport)


If you are looking for worthwhile options to set a proper rhythm and mood to your outdoors, then patio paving is one of the best options available. Various materials can be used in paving your patio. Some of the common material includes natural stone, brick as well as concrete blocks and patio slabs. Each of the materials listed have different characteristics as well as flexible design and texture options. Thus, you have a rich selection to choose from.In most landscaping projects, patio paving is often cited as the most expensive project to carry out. Thus, a lot of consideration and planning needs to be done to achieve the best results, both in terms of look and cost. Get more informations of paving slabs
One of the factors that will have to be considered is the location of the area that will be paved. Moreover, the purpose for the paving process also needs to be well defined. You will have to think of the size of patio space required, as well as what will be placed within the patio space. Answering such design questions will help in determining which pavers you will require for the paving process. For instance, you will notice that natural stone pavers are not the ideal choice of paver type for areas that will be under great compressive stresses or areas in which wear and tear is common. On the other hand, further research will reveal that patio paving stones are ideal for such situations due to their durability.
Some of the common natural paving materials used include patio slabs, granite as well as limestone. Such natural materials are obtained through a quarrying process after which the stones are re-scaled to obtain different sizes and shapes according to one’s preference. Natural paving stones are quite durable and strong.Cast patio pavers are another form of pavers used in a number of paving applications. Most cast patio pavers are made from concrete, clay as well as reconstituted stones. Such pavers are notably cheaper than natural stone pavers are. Moreover, they are noted to develop less surface cracks and have easier installation processes. One disadvantage of these types of pavers is that they lack creativity in terms of design options.
Selection of paving materials will depend greatly on how well the chosen materials and paver types blend with other aspects of one’s outdoors. Moreover, the cost of the paver type needs to be kept in mind. Cost will also be influenced by the amount of skilled labor required for the paving process.


County to review new flood zone maps | News
LIBERTY CO., GA (WTOC) - The Liberty Consolidated Planning Commission along with the Hinesville GIS Office are reviewing new flood zone maps for the area.
The newly proposed flood maps can affect flood insurance rates or may require Liberty County residents to obtain flood insurance.
For more information on the process or the new maps, contact Hinesville GIS at 912.876.3564.
Copyright 2013 WTOC. All rights reserved.


One easy phone call to 811 starts the process of having your underground utility lines marked for free!
Buried utilities could exist just about anywhere you dig. Homeowners and contractors can prevent damage to underground utilities and prevent service interruptions by calling TN811 at least three working days prior to excavating.
It’s free, easy, and it’s the law!
TN811 receives information from callers who are digging, processes it using a sophisticated software mapping system, and notifies underground utility operators that may have utilities in the area. The owners of the utilities then send personnel to mark and locate their utilities.
Tennessee 811 accepts locate requests twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.
Click Here: 811-brochure.pdf to download our Tennessee 811 Brochure.


FourFourSeconds ago, a colleague of mine asked me if I thought the civil engineering industry was going to be the future of engineering.
I told him I was confident.
I was wrong.
The civil engineering business is on a long and rocky path, one that has already taken a big step back.
And it has left a lot of its brightest minds behind.
The Civil Engineering industry has had its fair share of challenges.
Some of those challenges were brought about by the recession.
Other challenges were caused by the lack of skilled civil engineers.
But one big challenge has been the lack and inability to fill critical roles in civil engineering.
Today, I am not sure that we will ever again have a large number of skilled engineers.
In fact, I think that the workforce in the Civil Engineering field has actually shrunk, and I fear it will continue to shrink.
We know that there are people who are willing to do civil engineering for a very low price.
There are also people who just want to work on a project that they think will make them money.
It is possible to find people willing to work for less than a quarter of a million dollars per year, but I believe that this will not be enough to sustain the civil engineer industry in the long term.
The best way to help the civil engineers that remain in the field is to create a pipeline of skilled people.
There is already a pipeline for that.
But it is not a pipeline that is easy to build.
I know that a lot more needs to be done.
In this article, I will outline the three basic steps that I think need to be taken to create an effective pipeline of qualified civil engineers, and then discuss how we can help build that pipeline.
What is a Pipeline?
Pipelines are organizations that specialize in a specific area, and they are often called research organizations.
In the civil construction industry, pipelines can include construction, engineering, and environmental engineering.
They are typically based in one of the following areas: engineering and design, planning, surveying, engineering consulting, and construction.
There are three basic pipeline types.
The first one is the project pipeline, which is the backbone of a pipeline.
In a project pipeline you work with the contractor to deliver a project to the final destination.
The second one is a pipeline-specific company, which usually has a specific project, which typically has a smaller scope, and typically has lower salaries.
The third pipeline is a private company, whose sole purpose is to supply the contracted contractor.
I believe that a project-specific pipeline is one that is more likely to attract skilled civil engineering workers, and therefore, to have more success in the market.
However, I do not think that there is a true pipeline of this type in the civil building industry.
The second pipeline type is the professional pipeline.
Professional pipelines are specialized companies that specialize, for example, in building an elevator, building a bridge, building fire stations, building an air filter, or designing a wind turbine.
They usually have a larger scope than a project or professional pipeline, and tend to be more well-educated in the area of their specialization.
In this case, I believe they are the better pipeline for the industry.
The professional pipeline is not likely to be as efficient as a project type pipeline.
The third pipeline type, and one that I believe to be growing in popularity, is the private pipeline.
Private pipeline companies usually specialize in building a variety of projects, such as building a water treatment plant, an airport, a hospital, or a water system.
This type of pipeline is very specialized and is likely to have the highest percentage of qualified engineers.
Private companies tend to have higher salaries, but the companies tend not to be well-known.
They tend to also tend to hire more experienced engineers, but not necessarily better ones.
The pipeline is much less efficient than a professional pipeline because the contractor has more control over the pipeline and its completion.
The private pipeline company is the most likely to recruit more skilled civil engineer candidates, but this is a risky move.
I am also not convinced that private pipeline companies are the best place to hire engineers.
I am confident that we can find and hire people that are not only skilled in the fields they work in, but also highly-motivated and able to work in a high-pressure environment, where they can succeed and thrive.
What I am worried about is the number of people who want to go into the pipeline that are interested in the technical aspects of civil engineering, but do not have the right skills and experience to perform the jobs that are being done.
I have heard this argument before, and this is why I have taken the position that a professional engineer pipeline will be much better than a private pipeline that focuses on the technical parts of civil construction.
In other words, a private contractor is not going to build the elevator, but a professional contractor is going to design the bridge, and a professional will design the airport.
This argument is a common


Ensure your projects pass NEPA and CEQA requirements.
Embarking on an infrastructure project involves more than just planning and building; it requires navigating through the complex terrain of environmental legislation, including the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). In this intricate regulatory environment, EBA provides environmental analysis, review, and compliance services. Our proficiency spans the detailed procedures set by CEQA, NEPA, and Caltrans, ensuring that our projects not only comply with but excel in meeting environmental regulations. EBA has served as the project manager, document preparer, and technical expert for a variety of projects. EBA has prepared Environmental Impact Reports, Notice of Exemptions, Categorical Exemptions/Exclusions, and a range of other documents to satisfy local, state, and federal environmental regulations.


The construction industry is prone to workplace accidents and fatalities. It is widely regarded as one of the most dangerous fields as many workers are exposed to dangers regularly. According to OSHA data, there were 1,008 construction worker fatalities in 2020.
Many of these unfortunate deaths are triggered by construction’s “Fatal Four”. However, proper safety and compliance services can help ensure better safety standards. Read on to learn about the fatal four of construction and relevant consideration and precautions.
The Fatal Four Factors
These “Fatal Four” are responsible for the majority of all construction-related deaths. Increased knowledge on the job site and health safety & environmental compliance services might save hundreds of lives each year.
- Falls: Construction work is frequently done in high places with a significant drop. A fall from scaffolding, ladder, or rooftop is frequently fatal. Employers must have a good fall-prevention program in place for each job site.
- Getting Struck by an Object: Being struck by an object is one of the largest causes of construction worker mortality. This includes falling objects or building materials, as well as crane-borne suspended loads that come loose. Getting struck by moving heavy machinery also fits into this group. Because of these dangers, it is critical that staff follow strict safety requirements.
- Electrocutions: When in contact with electricity lines or other electrified sources, such as exposed cables or malfunctioning equipment, the human body can behave as a conductor, leading to electrocution. As a result, it is critical that workers are aware of potential electrical hazards and be vigilant when working near them.
- Getting Caught: Workers who are caught in or crushed by heavy machinery or items account for a significant percentage of construction fatalities. Employees who perish in collapsed structures are also included in this category. Having staff that follows good demolition safety etiquette is critical. Employees should also exercise caution when nearing or operating big machinery.
Safety and Compliance Services: Considerations and Precautions
Now that we’ve covered the most prevalent safety dangers, let’s look at how to avoid them. Starting a safety program may appear to be a big endeavor, but it does not have to be. There are a few basic measures you can take to incorporate construction safety into your company culture. It is also advisable to work with an onsite safety company to receive safety compliance services. Here are some strategies for enhancing safety compliance on your building site.
Inform All Workers about the Possible Risks and Injuries
The first step toward creating a safer work environment and increasing safety compliance is educating and reminding all employees about the hazards. Before every construction worker can set foot on-site, they must undergo a complete risk assessment. Being able to detect dangers, assess risk, and manage risk can significantly improve job site safety. Additionally, we recommend hosting a weekly safety briefing and orientation to inform employees of potential hazards and injuries on the job.
Ensure That Workers Are Aware Of OSHA Requirements
Effective and well-communicated construction safety policies, complemented by a corresponding disciplinary procedure, are critical components of any safety program. If your staff is unaware of their responsibilities, you cannot blame them for making errors. Due to the inherent dangers of building sites, safety requirements and standards are stringent. If an employee fails to follow safety procedures and is injured, the construction business may be held accountable. It is critical to remind and encourage safety compliance, as well as to maintain a tight record of repeat violators.
Encourage Employees to Voice Any Safety Concerns
It is critical to establish open lines of communication between employees and management if you do not already have them. Employees may be scared of raising safety issues or asking questions for fear of causing trouble for someone or themselves. Encourage your employees to do their part in making the workplace a safer place for everyone.
Conduct Inspections at Regular Intervals
Conduct job site inspections or engage safety professionals to conduct frequent inspections or audits. These inspections should not be a source of anxiety or fear, nor should they be a time for people to get into trouble. Instead, utilize them as teaching opportunities to help individuals learn and grow in their safety knowledge.
This is an excellent method for regularly reinforcing and cementing safe work habits for all employees in the workplace. Maintaining clean and well-maintained equipment will also assist in enhancing safety compliance.
Invest Workplace Safety Program & Training
Developing a site-specific safety plan under the direction of the owner/manager is critical since it establishes expectations for worker roles and routines. It is advisable to participate in OSHA Outreach training programs.
It is critical that the training program thoroughly covers the hazards, safety precautions, and rules associated with the work or employment they are performing. Additionally, the training program should address why they require PPE when they must wear it, how to properly wear it, inspect it, and care for it.
It is strongly suggested that all workers’ understanding of safety and risk be re-tested to ensure they are prepared and prepared to begin working safely. Employing all of these methods will assist in increasing safety compliance on your project and enhancing worker safety and security.
The Public’s Safety
Keep in mind that construction workers aren’t the only ones who could be put in danger as a result of unsafe construction methods. Many building sites are located in or near public places. As a result, it is critical to consider the general public’s safety as well. Road construction zones are one example that we all encounter on a regular basis.
The Bottom Line: Be Safer & More Productive with DCS Rescue
Everyone benefits from effective construction safety measures. It means fewer compensation claims for the business owner while employees will benefit from a safer workplace. For the general public, it means that they are safe from construction hazards thanks to effective signage and site limits.
You should also make arrangements for any expected emergencies so that everyone is aware of what to do. A little planning goes a long way. DCS Rescue offers safety and compliance services to assist you in creating a safe and compliant work environment. DCS Rescue can supply onsite EHS Safety professionals and (PIC) Person in charge services to help maintain safety compliance and keep crews safe. Contact us today to learn more.


Construction blasting is a complex and dangerous industry, any mistakes in the operation process will bring immeasurable losses. Strict operation process is also very strict requirements for the design of blasting equipment, the stability and reliability of the equipment is the basic requirements of the equipment, the equipment to be easy to operate, but also to prevent the use of the process of false operation. Blasting equipment because of the complex application environment, so the equipment to waterproof and anti-fall, to adapt to the use of a variety of harsh environment.
Under such strict design requirements, HURAKAN and Chinese weapons jointly developed the remote control blasting device. On the basis of meeting the stringent standards, HURAKAN was able to achieve one-to-one, one-to-many and other blasting methods, redefine the blasting products and set up a new standard for the industry.


LITAFLEX uPVC Conduit Pipes and uPVC Conduit Fittings are produced from a specially formulated compound.
LITAFLEX's uPVC DRAIN PIPE are manufactured strictly in accordance to the Japanese Standard JIS 6741: 1999.
Manufactured from an extra High Impact grade of uPVC, LITAFLEX AIR–CONDITIONING TRUNKING
Specializes in the segregation of Cables, specifically to ensure safety and convenience during installation.
LITAFLEX is the first manufacturer to introduce Corrugated Conduit in Singapore.
Excavation and the digging of trenches could post danger and hazard to workers.
Copyright Litaflex 2012. All Rights Reserved


There's a better way to build homes in the desert and Hemp is the answer. Typical home building, and the construction industry in general, is unfortunately a combination of carbon emmiting, toxic materials - that will degrade over time, layered onto one another until a low performing structure is built. Hemp-lime construction is a Non-toxic, Carbon Sequestering, Energy efficient, sustainable solution that can offer Fire, Mold and Pest resistance to a home that will actually strengthen over time.
The real question should be, "Why wouldn't you build with Hemp"?!
OPH is committed to pushing Industrial Hemp forward by building beautiful, energy efficient smart homes and enpowering the community with the knowledge of Hemp and Natural building materials.


550 Lipan Street Denver, CO 80204
Howell Construction, founded in 1935, has maintained a steadfast commitment of quality service to our clients. Howell’s extensive construction expertise and technical skills allow us to excel in handling project complexities and meeting aggressive construction schedules.
Howell Construction is a Colorado-owned company that provides full-service construction and project management for healthcare/life sciences, technology and commercial tenant improvement projects along Colorado’s Front Range and Wyoming. Our experience includes general construction, design-build and construction management for new buildings, tenant finish, renovations, mechanical and electrical systems, and utilities.


We provide per-construction services for all construction management at risk projects along with scheduling (using Primavera Scheduling Software), budgeting, quality assurance, and safety.
We provide the owner with a detailed schedule of how and when the project will be completed.
We conduct monthly job site quality and performance meetings along with work performance inspections.
We feel that a large portion of the qualified work force needed to complete a project can be found in the local communities where the projects are located. We believe in giving back to the community for allowing us to provide them with a quality built educational facility.
We pride ourselves in providing a safe and hazard free work place.
We would be honored to help your group with any construction needs that might arise. It is our goal to provide quality projects at competitive prices.
We provide the owner with a detailed schedule of how the project will be completed.


South Platte River. About 74,000 ac-ft stored in a capacity of 237,000 ac-ft. About 74,000 ac-ft stored in a capacity of 237,000 ac-ft. To get to the Arkansas from Leadville, just hop on Highway 24 south bound and you’ll be there in no time. The top width is 30 feet and the maximum base width is 1,040 feet. The Colorado River (Spanish: Río Colorado) is one of the principal rivers (along with the Rio Grande) in the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico.The 1,450-mile-long (2,330 km) river drains an expansive, arid watershed that encompasses parts of seven U.S. states and two Mexican states. Collectively, dams in the Colorado River basin can hold four to five times the river's annual flow, generating hydroelectricity and supplying irrigation and municipal water for over 35 million people. The river system is one of the most heavily developed in the world, with fifteen dams on the main stem of the Colorado and hundreds more on tributaries. Irrigation development in the Uncompahgre River valley began during the early 1880s, shortly after the removal of the Utetribe to Utah. The headwaters derive from the snowpack in the Sawatch and Mosquito mountain ranges. At first, the mission of the Reclamation Service focused on increasing settlement opportunities in the arid West. In this article, we are going to go over the dams along the Colorado River in Arizona and the history behind them. Certainly. Captured near Salida. There are an estimated 84,000 dams in the United States, impounding 600,000 mi (970,000 km) of river or about 17% of rivers in the nation. Great river walk along the Arkansas River in Canon City. Captured near Gunnison. Map showing locations of major dams in the Colorado River basin. Trouvez les Colorado River Rapids images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. First up is Glen Canyon Dam. This is a list of dams on the Colorado River system of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. If you are leaving from Denver, you will be taking 285 to the 24 junction near Buena Vista, and from Colorado Springs you can reach the Arkansas from either 24 to Buena Vista or 115 southwest via Canyon City to follow the river along 50 west. 1 for whitewater rafting tours in Colorado; Spring runoff brings high water to Colorado’s Arkansas River Read More in News . August 18, 2016 Preview Download Image. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Reservoir capacity given is the original capacity in 1938 before siltation. Dam went out of operation in 1919 after the completion of the, Annual power generation calculated from a power station, Colorado River Water Conservation District, Annual generation calculated from a hydraulic head of 255 ft (78 m) and an average Salt River flow of 962 cu ft/s (27.2 m, Annual generation calculated from a hydraulic head of 131.5 ft (40.1 m) and an average Salt River flow of 962 cu ft/s (27.2 m, Washington County Water Conservation District, Annual generation calculated from a hydraulic head of 116 ft (35 m) and an average Salt River flow of 962 cu ft/s (27.2 m, Annual generation calculated from a hydraulic head of 249 ft (76 m) and an average Salt River flow of 962 cu ft/s (27.2 m, "Irrigation at the Lake. Flickr/Charles Mühle. 5. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Colorado River Rapids de la plus haute qualité. California. More than 100 miles of Colorado’s best whitewater can be found nearby – from Granite, Colorado to Cañon City, Colorado – all within the Arkansas Headwaters Recreation Area. At 1,469 miles long, it is the sixth longest river in the United States and the second-longest tributary in the Mississippi-Missouri system. Arkansas’s Beaver Dam wasn't built by delightful woodland creatures out of sticks and logs, it was built from by the Army Corps of Engineers out of modern materials. The Upper Basin include such tributary systems as the Green, Gunnison and San Juan. Very scenic with great old trees providing shade for much of the way. Plots of Daily Archive Data Since the Beginning of Water Year. Visit Colorado CDSS Station search to get current and historical conditions for streamflows, diversions, reservoir levels, and groundwater levels. Colorado River - Colorado River - Economic development: In 1922 the Colorado River Compact was concluded by the seven states that constitute its drainage area to facilitate federal investment in dams and reclamation. 11. Hydroelectric capacity installed in several components of the Colorado Big-Thompson diversion project can collectively produce 413,000 megawatts. Flickr/brent flanders. Some features of this site may not work without it. Similar to other irrigation projects at that time, private e… About 74,000 ac-ft stored in a capacity of 237,000 ac-ft. Water Resources Archive Data Dictionary v. 1.0, Finding aid: https://lib2.colostate.edu/archives/findingaids/water/wbgp.html, Pueblo Dam and Reservoir on the Arkansas River, Colorado. Unique agreement supports longest rafting season on Colorado’s Arkansas River; Outfitters see increase in overnight rafting tours on Colorado's Arkansas River; The Arkansas River is No. Arkansas River below Pueblo, CO. Daily Archive Values (one value per day for the last five days of record) Arkansas River below Pueblo Reservoir. The copyright and related rights status of this Item has not been evaluated (https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/). A key tributary of the San Juan River, the Animas River, was severely affected by the EPA's accidental August 2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill. Dams on tributaries are listed if they are taller than 250 ft (76 m), store more than 50,000 acre⋅ft (62,000 dam3), or are otherwise historically notable. Map showing locations of major dams in the Colorado River basin. Eagle River. Lee's Ferry, which separates the Upper and Lower Basins, is located just downriver from Glen Canyon Dam. See Answer. Top Answer. Rio Grande River. 7. In Colorado, the Reclamation Service constructed two projects under this mandate: the Uncompahgre Project on the Uncompahgre and Gunnison Rivers and the Grand Valley Project on the Colorado River. This four-day festival held each year in mid-June is … Flickr/Chuck Roberts. Colorado. Lee's Ferry, which separates the Upper and Lower Basins, is located just downriver from The Arkansas River below Granite, Colorado. Are there dams in the Arkansas river? 1 2 3. Wiki User Answered . Colorado’s largest hydroelectric production comes from the three dams on the Gunnison River in what is called the Aspinall Unit. The National Inventory of Dams defines any "major dam" as being 50 feet (15 m) tall with a storage capacity of at least 5,000 acre feet (6,200,000 m 3), or of any height with a storage capacity of 25,000 acre feet (31,000,000 m 3).. Dams and reservoirs in Arkansas Glen Canyon Dam is the second largest dam along the Colorado River and lies in Page, Arizona. The Colorado runs 1,450 mi (2,330 km) from the Rocky Mountains to the Gulf of California, draining parts of seven U.S. states and two Mexican states.


Restoration Projects in Louisiana Moved Forward in 2017
This is the time of year where we often reflect on what we want to accomplish in the next year; but, first, let’s take a moment to appreciate how far we’ve come.
By Alisha Renfro
Staff Scientist, National Wildlife Federation
Photo Credit: CPRA
2017 has been a busy year for coastal restoration in Louisiana.This is the time of year where we often reflect on what we want to accomplish in the next year; but, first, let’s take a moment to appreciate how far we’ve come. Louisiana’s 2017 Coastal Master Plan passed unanimously and progress was made on several large-scale restoration projects. Here are just a few of the projects that made progress in 2017. Some of these projects may be bigger and some may be smaller, but they all move us a little closer to a more resilient Louisiana coast.
As its name implies, this completed project was the third increment of the Bayou Dupont Marsh Creation Project. Sediment dredged from the Mississippi River was used to create and nourish 144 acres of open water and broken marsh and to build nearly 10,000 linear feet of terraces. This project, combined with the Bayou Dupont Sediment Delivery System, Bayou Dupont Marsh and Ridge Creation and the Mississippi River Long Distance Sediment Pipeline projects are part of the and have restored and nourished more than 1,500 acres of marsh on the Barataria Landbridge.
Before and During Satellite Images - Bayou Dupont Marsh Creation Project
This finished project was constructed using material dredged from Lake Lery to rebuild its southern shoreline which was damaged by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Waves in the years since Hurricane Katrina have further damaged the shoreline. This project restored about 500 acres of marsh and 33,000 feet of the lake’s shoreline.
Satellite images showing before and during construction of the Lake Lery South Shoreline and Marsh Restoration.
This project was constructed this year in Cameron Parish along the southern shoreline of Grand Lake. Erosion of the shoreline of Grand Lake have led to a rapid retreat of the shoreline between 11-32 feet per year. This project placed rocks near the lake’s shoreline to stop the erosion and promote land accretion between the rocks and the shoreline.
Photo Credit: CPRA
This is an oyster reef restoration project located along the southwestern shoreline of the Biloxi Marsh. The goal of this project is to create a living shoreline demonstration project displaying how oyster reefs can grow vertically to offset rising sea levels, improve water quality, provide fish and bird habitat and can also be used to combat coastal erosion. The 21-mile long project will help knock down wave energy before it reaches the shoreline, protecting the marsh behind the reef.
This barrier island restoration project located on the eastern side of Barataria Basin’s barrier island chain. Over the years, Shell Island had been split in two and nearly disappeared beneath the Gulf’s waves. Shell Island East completed construction in 2014. Shell Island West used sediment dredged from the Mississippi River and from offshore to rebuild 600 acres of barrier island, dune and back barrier marsh habitat. This project was constructed with funding from 2010 BP oil spill. This restored barrier island will provide habitat to wildlife, separate the Barataria Basin estuary from the salty Gulf, and provide a buffer for interior marshes against waves.


A Business Improvement District (BID) is a specified area where local businesses work together to invest in projects such as improving the local environment and public realm. The Victoria BID was launched in 2010. Our brief included looking at areas within Victoria that could be transformed ‘from grey to green’ – i.e. projects to improve air quality and introduce urban greening. Projects included a planting scheme outside the Queen’s Gallery, a ‘rain garden’ outside John Lewis HQ and several new roof gardens above offices. We hope that the combination of these projects will result in a net gain in biodiversity across Victoria.


Published 14 December 2022
NFCC calls for new high rise residential buildings to have more than one fire escape staircase
The National Fire Chiefs Council (NFCC) has today released a statement calling on the Government to make it a requirement for all new high rise residential buildings over 18 metres or seven storeys to have more than one staircase. In England, there is currently no maximum height for residential buildings with only one staircase.
NFCC is urging the Government to adopt the following changes for high rise residential buildings over 18 metres or seven storeys:
- All new buildings must have more than one protected staircase.
- All existing buildings must be retrofitted with sprinklers.
- Lifts in existing buildings should be installed or replaced for use in an evacuation.
Across England, many people live in high rise blocks of flats with a single staircase. In an evacuation, this means that the same escape route used by residents is also used by firefighters carrying firefighting equipment, and potentially also assisting elderly, disabled, and vulnerable people to safely evacuate.
Gavin Tomlinson, NFCC Protection and Business Safety Scrutiny Committee Chair said: “We are calling on the Government to ensure that all new high rise residential buildings over 18 metres, or seven storeys, have more than one fire escape staircase. In the event of a fire, a correctly designed second staircase removes the risk of a single point of failure, buying critical time for firefighting activities, and providing residents with multiple escape routes.”
A correctly designed second staircase removes the risk of a single point of failure, buying critical time for firefighting activities, and providing residents with multiple escape routes
Gavin Tomlinson, NFCC Protection and Business Safety Scrutiny Committee Chair
Evacuation may not always be necessary, as it is often safe for residents to ‘stay put’ in the event of a fire. However, Incident Recording System data on mass evacuations shows that from 1 April 2019 to 31 March 2022, the London Fire Brigade reported 154 cases where 10 or more people evacuated from a block of flats of at least six storeys. This means nearly 8,500 residents chose to evacuate buildings rather than stay put, either before, during, or after the fire and rescue service arrived.
NFCC’s recommendations could be reinforced by amending building regulations or the key Government guidance, Approved Document B.
Mark Hardingham, NFCC Chair added: “The Government should be commended on the improvements it has made, such as banning combustible cladding and requiring sprinklers at 11 metres. However, we urge the Government to now publish an updated workplan for the review of Approved Document B to give regulators, the public, and the wider fire safety industry confidence that the Government is still committed to reform.”
England is an international outlier, with countries such as the United States, Canada and Australia all having height limits. Even within the UK there is inconsistency, as buildings over 18 metres in Scotland are required to have multiple staircases.
NFCC’s position statement on single staircases in residential buildings is available on our website.


Model No.: HGP30K/40K/15HK
Model NO.: HGP30K/40K/15HK
Max.Capacity: 300-400 L/min
Material: Cast Iron
Assembly: Booster Pump
Start Up: Electric Pump
Application: Submersible Pump, Clarified Water Pump, Sewage Pump, Slurry Pump, Oil Transfer Pump, Chemical Pump
Media: Water Pump
Theory: Electromagnetic Pump
Transport Package: Cartons
Origin: Fuan, China
Driving Type: Motor
Structure: Single-stage Pump
Type: Jet Pump
Industry: Oil Pumps
Performance: Automatic Pump
Trademark: HONY POWER
HS Code: 8502200000
KOHLER Gasoline Water Pump HGP30-K/HGP40-K/HGP15H-K
Kohler Gasoline water pump set
-Innovative turbine centrifugal water pump from turbocharging technology
-Perfect combinantion of turbine centrifugal water pump and Gasoline Engine.
-Big improvement of delivery and head
-Smaller,lighter& simpler structure,easier for use and maintainence
-Outstanding durability and reliability
|Material||Aluminum||Cast iron||Cast iron|
|Engine (KOHLER)||Engine Type||KOHLER Air-cooled,1-cylinder,4-stroke|
|Bore X Stroke (mm)||68×54||89×69|
|Output Volume (L)||0.196||0.429|
|Starting System||Hand Start|
|Fuel Type||92# Gasoline|
|Fuel Tank Capacity(L)||3.6||6.5||6.5|
|Dimension of set(mm)||475×383×400||625×540×520|
High-temperature pump pump mechanical seal used in the operation often leaks, resulting in seal failure. From the selection of mechanical seal material, the end surface than the pressure, cooling water quality and other aspects of high temperature hot water centrifugal pump mechanical seal failure analysis, put forward...
According to statistics, energy consumption in water supply project accounts for 30 to 70% of water supply cost, and energy consumption of water pump accounts for about 90% of total energy consumption. In actual operation, most of the pump efficiency is less than 60%, the overall efficiency of the pumping station less than...
In the future "modernization" of the city, the construction and management of the drainage system is definitely on the agenda. Therefore, the supply of drainage equipment is not only in the current high rainfall period, but also in the next few years will have a relatively good development trend. The heavy rain...
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