Saturday, December 4, 2010
Working on the site
Since August Humana has put Webster, a young man with great experience to the building site, and so finally we are all under control . . . . ,
. . . . as he is checking that the architect takes decisions, Humana gets the money allocated to the project, the volunteers have a clear idea of what they are doing, building materials are on site, machines get hired on time, etc etc etc . . . . ,
. . . so imagine the job Webster has taken over!
but finally the building site has started and the foundations are being done.
so far we have made the foundation and the brick wall that will contain the infill on which the slab will be cast.


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KayTai as one of the leading stair led strip profile manufacturers in china, we provide various kinds of profiles for your choice.
Stair LED Strip Profile Light fixtures
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5) Widely used for stairs lighting system in hotels, shopping malls, office buildings, etc.;


Information for Owners
Our Wall System creates highly Energy
Efficient Green Buildings.
Our unique wall system is a "sandwich panel", the core of which is an
insulated foam board. We spray a wet mix of concrete directly on the
face of the insulation panels. It is highly durable, sound proof, fire
resistant, and reduces the costs for heating and air conditioning
Thermal Imaging Study
Our Wall System has a fraction of the heat loss found in other construction methods.
One of the most dramatic ways to demonstrate our wall system's superior insulating properties versus conventional methods is through thermal
imaging. The below images show a wall compared with a thermal image of the same wall. They were taken with an outside temperature of
between 18 and 24 degrees F. Indoor temperatures were between 60 and 70 degrees F. As you can see, the least heat escapes from our wall
system, which has by far the lowest wall temperature when compared to masonry, precast concrete, and steel construction walls. Also notice that
our wall system has dramatically less heat loss at the foundation and roof lines. We have found similar results in warm temperatures as
OUR WALL SYSTEM
Wall Temp: 24.8
Roof Line: 25.5
Foundation Line: 25.3
Wall Temp: 31.5
Roof Line: above 66.1
Foundation Line: 65.2
Wall Temp: 34.2
Roof Line: 38.5
Foundation Line: 37.7
Wall Temp: 40.7
Roof Line: 68.2
Foundation Line: 70.2
Our Wall System maintains a comfortable interior temperature even without
heating or air conditioning.
Another striking example of the energy efficiency of our buildings is the Roman, Inc. Distribution Center. This 475,000 square foot structure has no
main heating or cooling system whatsoever. Yet, in the cold Chicago winter, this highly energy efficient unheated green building maintains a
comfortable 68-72 degree F interior temperature. Notice how little the fluctuations in exterior temperature affects the interior building
Wall Technology Video Overview
Our system provides an R-value (a measure of thermal resistance) of R-40 versus the average of only R-13 in other buildings. Our system
vasly exceeds the insulation properties required by modern energy building codes. According to the Department of Energy, heating and
cooling accounts for the vast majority of building energy consumption - from 40 to 60% of a home's energy needs. Therefore, our wall system
can dramatically reduce a home or business's energy expenses. In addition, tax incentives, utilities incentives, and green financing
options can amount to thousands of dollars for homeowners and hundreds of thousands of dollars to businesses.
Furthermore, our wall system has comparable costs to conventional building techniques and is flexible enough to replicate the exterior look of
most conventional techniques such as brick.
Our wall system working in conjunction with solar and wind power generators puts the dream of a zero-net-energy building within reach of
homeowners and small businesses.
Energy Efficient Builders


CD Construction Sales Recruitment - the Construction Sales "experts"
In this role, you will be selling and hiring the company's manufactured range of Formwork and Falsework, Ground Support Systems, Bridge Support, Monitoring and other technical solutions.
You will be offering technical advice, design solutions and feasibility to your clients.
Field/home based covering London and the Home Counties.
Your clients are typically Main and Sub contractors plus Engineers.
A great opportunity with this market leader.
JOB TITLE: Sales Manager - Contracts - Construction
SELLING: Formwork, Falsework, Excavation Support Systems
SELLING TO: Main Contractors, Sub Contractors and Engineers
TERRITORY: London, Kent, Berkshire, Essex, Suffolk, Hertfordshire
LOCATION: London, Kent, Berkshire, Essex, Suffolk, Hertfordshire
PACKAGE: £40k basic, OTE £55k, company car, mobile, laptop, 25 days holiday, pension
- Very established brand name
- Great technical support and backup
- In-depth training
KEY EXPERIENCE REQUIRED
- Ideally you will have an engineering qualification but not essential
- MUST have construction field sales experience
- Advantageous if you have experience in ground works but not essential
- Consultative in approach
- A natural relationship builder
- Your role is to hire out the company's manufactured range of Formwork and Falsework, Ground Support Systems, Bridge Support, Monitoring and other technical solutions. This is a total turn-key solution offering design, feasibility and technical support
- Field/home based covering London and the Home Counties
- Working very closely with the in-house technical teams putting proposals together and offering your clients the best technical solutions available
- Selling into a mix of Main Contractors, Sub Contractors and Engineers
- You will be circa 50% account management/account development and 50% new business focused
To apply for the above position, Please contact George Mann or hit the apply button.


Schuylkill River dredging to restart with federal funding
The long-delayed dredging of the Schuylkill River will resume this summer thanks to $13 million in federal funds from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.
Rowers celebrated the announcement Monday near Boathouse Row in Philadelphia, where Sen. Bob Casey hailed the city’s rowing heritage and the Biden administration for brokering the bipartisan infrastructure deal.
“This $13 million investment is an investment in the people, the people of the city of Philadelphia,” Casey said. “The people of this town deserve this money. It is high time for the federal government to be a full partner in infrastructure, a full partner in the investments that the taxpayers of this city have made possible.
Casey said the infrastructure act will bring 30,000 jobs a year to the state for the next ten years. In addition to traditional infrastructure like roads and bridges, he says he will also invest in rivers and lakes.
“This money for this dredging project will keep the river healthy and make it more navigable so we can continue to see the benefits of everything that’s happening behind me,” he said.
Rowers have long complained about the dangerous conditions and the need to make the river deep enough to maintain world-class regattas like the Dad Vail.
“We are fortunate to have such a strong rowing history here on the Schuylkill,” said Mayor Jim Kenney. “By investing in the river, we are preserving our city’s history as the birthplace of American rowing.”
Kenney said the deepening would also help mitigate flooding, which is expected to be exacerbated by climate change. The remnants of Hurricane Ida caused severe flooding in the Schuylkill River last September, spilling into surrounding neighborhoods and the Vine Street Freeway.


The design phase of this project has started and is anticipated to be completed in 2021. No contractor has been hired at this time
Wallace Park is an existing neighbourhood park in Ward 3.
It is one of a number of parks and open space blocks near the former hospital site. In 2018, the Parks and Open Space Department initiated public consultations for the redevelopment of these park areas – this study was referred to as the ‘Southeast Campus of Parks’ study. It included Wallace Park, Wyndham Parkette, Brantwood Park, the new Oakville/Trafalgar Park and the civic space beside the old Oakville Trafalgar High School.
At that time, a preferred concept plan for Wallace Park was developed by MBTW, in consultation with local residents and Councillors.
Following the Council’s approval of 2020 budget, this project went into detailed design. In May 2020, the Parks and Open Space Department retained a consulting team led by OMC Landscape Architecture to further develop the preferred concept plan.


Environmental protection is at the core of all our plans and actions, and, for that, we are actively involved in public and private landfill and water treatment projects.
Klarwin Environment Technology offers filtration, separation and purification solutions for water, landfill leachate and gas treatment. Through our collaboration with world-leading technology manufacturers, Klarwin provides microfiltration or ultrafiltration solutions with hollow-fiber membranes for water treatment, reverse osmosis technology with Disc Tube or spiral wound modules for leachate treatment and controlled combustion of landfill gas, biogas, mine gas or industrial gases. Based on state-of-the-art equipment and our engineers' knowledge and expertise, we support a sustainable waste management.
Landfill Leachate Treatment Details Landfill gas and biogas management Details Water treatment Details Brochures Details


FINEP and VCES began building Vodafone’s new HQ
Today, the foundation stone of the new Vodafone building was laid as part of the CITY WEST project in Prague’s Stodůlky. It will be a headquarters with efficient service and friendly operation in relation to the environment. The general contractor, VCES, was recently chosen. The opening ceremony of the construction was attended by representatives of Vodafone, FINEP and VCES.
The completion of the building is planned for the end of June 2014 and Vodafone's new headquarters will operate from January 2015. The building will have a long-term lease from FINEP. One of the reasons for moving are the increasing demands of Vodafone for the environmental parameters of its headquarters. The new headquarters will be certified LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and thanks to its environmentally friendly operation, Vodafone will significantly save on the long-term operational costs of their offices.
"In addition to the ecology, workplace flexibility and the overall efficiency of new buildings were also important for us in the selection of the new headquarters. We're gradually changing our work style. We are a modern telecommunications company, which aims to be easily accessible, just like our customer service. Good transport links and close proximity to the metro is therefore an advantage," said Jitka Schmiedová, vice president for human resources and real estate at Vodafone.
The new building for Vodafone is another part of the mosaic of the successful CITY WEST project in Prague's Stodůlky. "Like the building for Vodafone, other parts of the CITY WEST project meet strict conditions in the area of environmental protection and energy savings. We want to follow a similar trend for other projects," says FINEP CEO, Tomáš Pardubický.
FINEP recently selected its general contractor. It will be VCES, who will be responsible for the construction.
"We are very happy for the opportunity to participate in the development of CITY WEST with the realization of a new building for Vodafone and tie it to the successful construction of the new headquarters for Komerční banka. We are strengthening our position as a major player in the construction market in the capital city. The project implementation, which gets a LEED certification at the "SILVER" level, is a big challenge for our company," said Bruno Moyne, chairman of VCES a.s.


Indoor air quality, or IAQ, refers to the indoor working environment on campus. Where building ventilation systems are unable to keep indoor working areas within certain measurements these areas are sometimes referred to as having “poor indoor air quality."
In general, an area with “good” indoor air quality will have air temperatures between 73°F and 79°F in the summer or between 68°F and 75°F in the winter, relative humidity levels between 30% and 60%, carbon dioxide levels below 1075 ppm, carbon monoxide levels lower than 9 ppm, and no obvious drafts or offensive odors.
IAQ concerns frequently peak on campus in late spring and early autumn, as the heating and cooling systems are changing over for the new season. Air temperatures during these change‐over periods are frequently uncomfortable and poorly regulated, especially in older facilities. Relative humidity levels can get very low in some buildings on campus during the heating season, leading to eye and throat irritation due to the dryness of the air. Fortunately, our facilities maintenance staff are very aware of what makes good IAQ and they work hard to keep things in good shape for building occupants.
Please report any perceived indoor air quality issues to your risk and safety manager or your supervisor as soon as you notice them.


Mapmaking 101 – Stone Bridges
One of our regular visitors, thurdl , thought up this wonderful way of building bridges with the Stronghold Editor. The last part is written by yours truly and shows an alternate way to implement bridges, which is heavily based on thurdl’s original idea.
Basic steps for making a bridge over a canyon and river in Stronghold. NOTE: All screenshots were taken with the height turned off using the spacebar. This makes it easier to see the steps, and easier to actually construct the bridge.
Making a bridge
Flatten all terrain, and create several rows of wall. In this screenshot I made four rows of wall. Add a fifth, and the resulting bridge will be the same width as a large gatehouse.
Create crenellations along the walls, and one block beyond the wall. To extend the crenellations further than the wall, first draw them on all sides of the wall (any attempt to go further will result in the building turning red). Once both sides are created, it should be possible to add one block of crenellation beyond what would normally be legal. The fact that crenellations can be built off of each other and not a wall is another little trick of the editor.
First using the smallest brush, then larger ones, flesh out the canyon with Mid Plain. Make sure the height difference abuts the ends of the walls and the crenellations, or there will be a gap between the bridge and the canyon wall.
Build stairs coming down from each side of the walls used to make the bridge. The height difference between the wall and the Mid Plain will only require one unit of stair at each point to give full access to the top of the bridge.
Draw your river so that it cuts through the canyon, and appears on either side of the bridge.
Now, it’s a simple matter of adding eye candy, such as foam at the bridge base and shore shrubs, and hit the spacebar again to see your final creation.
Another handy trick to know and remember is that elevation cannot be changed where there is already a building. Thus, if you create your standard bridge, and bring ALL surrounding terrain up to the Mid Plain height, the resulting bridge will be much shallower, but still have a raised effect over the water. The final screenshot (a prototype for a future siege level) shows this lower bridge, built 5 wall units thick instead of four, so as to line up with the width of the large gatehouse. Other ideas may be to have perimeter towers guarding the bridge, or even create some damage to the walls so the bridge must be rebuilt. Play around with the idea, as this is just meant to be a springboard of sorts.
An Alternate Design
I realised the biggest problem with a bridge like the one above is that it can be easily destroyed, both on purpose by the player who owns it, or accidently by siege engines. If it’s the only access to a particular location, this makes it a hazard in the average scenario, as it is easy to make it unbeatable this way.
The difference of approach is to use the raised land as the actual bridge, creating a ‘land bridge’. This is done by starting to place two walls and line them with crenelated walls.
The next step is to remove the actual walls and use the terrain tool to raise the land between the two walls to the required level (normally Low Plain). The resulting bridge deck will be slightly lower than the stone deck, but it will be completely indestructible, leaving access even if the walls on the side get destroyed.
Additional Note: Bridges made with using (lowered) walls will automatically be indestructable if boulders are used inside the walls. The will ‘fill’ the walls with solid earth, which can not be destroyed.
Here’s an example
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Offshore construction is a term given to the process of building offshore, generally related to the production and supply of electricity, oil and gas. This can involve installations of structures and pipelines or constructing a larger piece of machinery.
In order to reduce heavy lifting in offshore construction a lot of the structures are assembled on the mainland, these can include oil drilling rigs, pipelines and oil platforms. These structures can usually be transported out to sea using a Crane Vessel or Transport Barge, where they are fitted together, then towed to the offshore installation site using floating devices to hold their weight.
Oil platforms and drilling rigs usually house engineers where work can be carried out such as the pre-drilling of production wells. Drilling rigs can be divided into Semi Submersible type used for deeper water and the Jack Up Barge whereby the drilling rig has a number of legs -usually between 3 and 8- that can be lowered to the seabed, after which they are used to jack the drilling rig clear of the sea level so there are no adverse effects of the waves. Due to the marine environment, floating vessels referred to as flotels are used to accommodate workers throughout the construction period.
There are different types of vessels adopted for pipe laying; the key ones include the "Derrick Barge (DB)", the "Derrick/Lay Barge (DLB)" and the "Pipelay Barge (LB)". Diving bells are employed when the sea is deeper than 120ft. Bells can reach as deep as 1500ft but are normally only used at a maximum of 800ft. In shallower waters a metal basket driven from the 'A' frame taken from the deck is applied by the divers. The basket is then lowered at sea level and divers can insert themselves into the water, reaching a maximum depth of 120ft.
The weather plays a very significant role in offshore construction because of the risky nature of the activity. The weather window is used to define whether it is suitable to carry out offshore projects, depending on wave heights and wind speed etc. It is very important to follow safety regulations whilst working in this sort of environment and in the event of someone falling into the water it is vital to execute the necessary measures to recover them as soon as possible.
The 'Camelot' vessel is an Accommodation Work Barge, currently with 850 persons capacity that can be increased up to 1000, on deck machinery includes crawler cranes, a deck crane, a pedestal crane, a forklift, tugger winches, workshops and a helideck. To see the full specs for the Camelot barge, click here.
The Camelot barge was was built in 2006, Samsung, China and Upgraded / modified in Vietnam in 2010.


Adsorbent Solutions, LLC has reactivated carbon that will do an exceptional job of removing wastewater treatment plant odors. Odor removal is important for wastewater treatment plants in many applications
Our plant has reduced down time, increased production and we can now offer over 2 Million Lbs. of reactivated carbon to the market.
Adsorbent Solutions has tank degassing chemicals that have been successfully used to take asphaltenes and make them into a pumpable solution.
Caustic solutions can remove acids from vapor phase streams. Adsorbent Solutions has caustic scrubbers made to withstand the PH and corrosive environment and caustic solutions to provide 99% removal efficiency of acids and H2S in vapor phase streams of all kinds.
Adsorbent Solutions, LLC is planning a new rotary retort furnace to go into the construction phase in 2015 and be completed late 2015 or early 2016
Solutions include reactivated carbon, carbon vessels, vapor boxes, and carbon drums.


The concept of building an environmentally friendly home or business is more than just a passing political fad. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, buildings have a tremendous impact on energy consumption and the natural environment.
Following are statistics reported by the EPA online:
In the United States, buildings account for:
39 percent of total energy use
12 percent of the total water consumption
68 percent of total electricity consumption
38 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions
Whether you are building a new home, an office, or a large or small business, the best approach to environmental responsibility is to integrate conservative building strategies into your plans from the point of conception. Energy saving strategies can also be applied to remodeling plans and reconstruction.
In addition to the following benefits taken directly from the EPA Green Buildings website at http://www.epa.gov/greenbuilding/pubs/whybuild.htm, the value of your home or business will be greater for a variety of reasons including an appeal of social environmental responsibility to potential buyers and many buyers’ interest in long-term savings through energy efficiency, maintenance and overall operational costs. Green buildings feature many major selling points that could help you close a sale or lease agreement over buildings that are not designed with the environment in mind.
- Enhance and protect biodiversity and ecosystems
- Improve air and water quality
- Reduce waste streams
- Conserve and restore natural resources
- Reduce operating costs
- Create, expand, and shape markets for green product and services
- Improve occupant productivity
- Optimize life-cycle economic performance
- Enhance occupant comfort and health
- Heighten aesthetic qualities
- Minimize strain on local infrastructure
- Improve overall quality of life
Any building can be a green building. Homes, schools, commercial buildings, healthcare facilities and more are now being constructed with a vested interest in conserving energy and water. Green buildings are designed to reduce waste and toxins with building materials and specifications that also help improve indoor air quality and sustain smart growth in neighborhoods, on Main Street and in industrial developments.
Want more good news? There are many local, state and national programs that reward builders for incorporating responsible green building components in construction and reconstruction projects.
If you would like more ideas on how you can emphasize the environmentally friendly aspects of your building for sale, contact us today. If you’re looking for a green building to buy, we can help you there too. Green buildings are the wave of the future and there’s no time like the present to get started preserving our environment and our future.


During 2002 local watershed stakeholders and city and state resource managers worked to gather data and outline a plan to restore the Ellerbe Creek Watershed. This document represents the culmination of the efforts undertaken by the Ellerbe Creek Stakeholders group to evaluate the varied sources of water quality degradation and to recommend a comprehensive set of strategies to address the water quality problems within Ellerbe Creek.
- SECTION 1
Presents the context of the Ellerbe Creek Local Watershed Plan. Ellerbe Creek is one of 28 local watersheds that drain into the Falls Lake Reservoir. The Upper Neuse River Basin Association, created in 1996, initiated a Watershed Management Plan for the entire upper Neuse River Basin, the Falls Lake Watershed. As part of the data analysis for this project, Ellerbe Creek was identified as having the highest percentage of impervious surfaces and delivering the highest nutrient loads to the Falls Lake water supply reservoir. As a result of these and other findings, the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program initiated the Ellerbe Creek Local Watershed Plan to analyze water quality issues within the Ellerbe Creek Watershed.
- SECTION 2
Summarizes the current conditions in the Ellerbe Creek watershed including hydrology, geology, water quality, human impacts, natural heritage and history of the watershed. The Ellerbe Creek Watershed is a predominately urban 23,526-acre watershed located within the upper Neuse River Basin in Durham County, North Carolina. Its headwaters and half of its watershed are located within Durham’s city limits. Approximately 47,540 people live within the watershed. Ellerbe Creek's watershed is 16% forested, 1.25% agricultural with the rest being urban or residential. The Ellerbe Creek watershed is currently 22% impervious and projected to increase to 27.5% by 2025. Water quality in Ellerbe Creek is not supporting its designated uses and will not improve without appropriate water quality protection measures.
- SECTION 3
Explains the Goals of the Ellerbe Creek Local Watershed Plan. The stakeholders identified the following five major goals.
- OVERALL GOAL: PROTECT WATERSHED FUNCTIONS
This is a unifying goal that embodies all of the other goals. Ellerbe Creek is impaired because its natural flow or its hydrology (in essence, the way a stream works) has been dramatically altered. Though no urban stream can be restored to its natural condition, restoring a more natural hydrology makes achieving the remaining goals more possible.
- GOAL 1: PROTECT WATERSHED FUNCTIONS
Ellerbe Creek’s impairment is called "Biological Impairment" because its water quality and lack of natural habitat make it difficult for aquatic life to survive. Any real improvement in the creek must be measured by how well aquatic life can survive and flourish.


Maintenance and Management Policy
The Valparaiso Pathways and Greenways System will require both maintenance and management policy for its usage and operation. The city should establish maintenance policy and guidelines that would define responsibility and be used in the overall system.
Generally, the trail segment in the parks and open spaces will be the responsibility of the Parks Department (or jointly with the Utility Department, where applicable). Segments where the trails are within street rights of way will be part of the maintenance responsibilities of the Public Works Department.
The Public Works Department's regular maintenance responsibilities include:
Assuring that there is positive drainage off of and away from the trail segment
Documenting regular inspection to limit risk and liability
Inspecting and replacing bicycle and pedestrian routes and roadway signs
Repairing cracks and holes in bicycle and pedestrian routes surface
Removing dead or dangerous tree limbs and regular pruning of vegetation along the bicycle and pedestrian routes
Removing snow and ice
Sweeping routes to remove loose gravel, sand, garbage, leaves, etc.
The city may wish to consider promoting an adopt-a-trail program where the adjacent property owners or businesses would become partners with the city in the maintenance of trail segments.


Last Updated : 2020-10-25 14:09:49
The Netherlands is known as a land of tulips, windmills, canals, alleys, and coffee shops, but there is so much more to this wonderful country than meets the eye. Here are some fun facts about the Netherlands that you may not know. Impress your friends and family or use them on your next Triveni night - the Netherlands is a fascinating place.
More than a quarter of the Netherlands is under the sea - The Netherlands is a low-level country, with 26 percent actually below sea level. At its lowest point, Neuwkerk aan den IJssel, the Netherlands is 6,7 meters below sea level. Another 50 percent of land in the Netherlands is only one meter above sea level.
Delta Works is also known as the eighth wonder of the world - During the 1953 floods, more than 150,000 hectares of land were flooded, and 1.865 people lost their lives. It was a disaster and was based on a collection of delta works, dams, sluices, locks, dikes, levees, and storm surge barriers, which is why the Netherlands is not underwater.
The Netherlands was the first country to legalize same-sex marriage - In 2001 the Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage. The first sex-marriage ceremony was held on April 1 of that year, and many same-sex couples got married.
Dutch people are the tallest in the world - In the Netherlands, Dutchmen average 1.84 meters and women 1.70 meters, making them the tallest people in the world. Many people have proposed theories as to why the Dutch people are so tall. However, the reason behind their height is still inconclusive.
Amsterdam is built on more than one million piles - The soil in Amsterdam is too soft to support a building. The foundations of the buildings, such as houses in Amsterdam, are thus supported by piles of wood, which go up to 12 meters into the ground. For larger buildings, the piles extend further into the ground and anchor around 20 to 50 meters deep.
Conclusion - Whether you are living in the Netherlands or just traveling, learning some fun facts about the country will help you get to know it better. Do not mention impressing your friends on your next normal night.
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There is no one answer to what is the best mine water treatment plant. There are many factors to take into consideration, including the size of the mine, the location of the mine and the needs of the mine. No one system fits all, but mine water treatment plants can be custom designed, with the engineering and design already in place. Mine water treatment plants need to be well-engineered, solid and robust, and of course, safe and high quality.
Mine water treatment plants are needed for the many different processes that go with mining. Water is needed for mining. It is needed for production. It can be used for sand filtration, chemical dosing or dust suppression. It is needed for the workers. It is needed to clean minerals and to transport them. Water is an integral part of mining, and mine water treatment plants need to be transported to the mine, or built on the mine. In the mining industry, one needs to work closely with water treatment and water solution experts, to build, transport and implement structures and treatment to the locations necessary.
What makes a good water treatment plant
Water treatment plants need to be cost-effective. It is never going to be cheap to put in a water treatment plant, but it should pay for itself and that is what you want. Of course, you want the best quality water, the best possible engineering, professionalism, efficiency and safety all the way too. A good water treatment plant needs to be strategised with experts who can accommodate plants of all sizes and all capabilities.
Water specialists and engineers work together, pulling on all resources and data available to them, to ensure the most efficient and best mine water treatment plant and water supply. This could be networking with companies worldwide. The latest technology should be used, ensuring that the water treatment plant and all aspects of water use are going to be sustainable and resourceful.
Water treatment plants are needed in a wide variety of industries, including mining, manufacturing, agriculture, energy, renewable energy, recycling and reuse, sewage and effluent. The service offered needs to be holistic – it’s as much about providing the water treatment plant as it is in transporting it, assembling it, maintaining and servicing it, and removing it if necessary.
How to choose a good water treatment solution company
You need to do your homework and research the options available to you. Work with a company that has a proven track record and that has worked on projects of all sizes and in all locations. You would need to meet with the experts and engineers, go over plans, highlight your needs, and let them come up with the best solutions and engineering designs, from start to finish, in an inclusive manner. You may need one meeting but you are likely to need many.
Water treatment needs to be done properly and safely; there are never shortcuts. Choose a company that shows initiative, uses the latest technology and has a team of engineers it is proud of. A good water solution specialist will design a mine water treatment plant for a project of any size, in any location, working out the logistics for, ensuring the water solutions are cost-effective for you.


In a horizontal beam supported at the ends and loaded downwards in the middle, the material at the over-side of the beam is compressed while the material at the underside is stretched.
At some distance along the beam's length the x-axis it is experiencing an internal bending moment M which you would normally find using a bending moment diagram. Many Thanks Brandon King Great personalised attention. The maximum shear stress occurs at the neutral axis of the beam and is calculated by: In this case, we utilize the second moment of area with respect to the centroid, plus a term that includes the distances between the two axes.
If we can imagine only looking at a very small element within the beam, a differential element, then we can write that out mathematically as: We assume that the beam's material is linear-elastic i. The shear stress is zero at the free surfaces the top and bottom of the beamand it is maximum at the centroid.
In other words, any deformation due to shear across the section is not accounted for no shear deformation. The far right side of the above equations will be very useful in this course — it allows us to break up a complex shape into simple shapes with known areas and known centroid locations.
In other words, any deformation due to shear across the section is not accounted for no shear deformation.
However, the tables below cover most of the common cases. Constructing these diagrams should be familiar to you from statics, but we will review them here. We can write that out mathematically like this: Shear stress parallel to the lateral loading plus complementary shear stress on planes perpendicular to the load direction; Direct compressive stress in the upper region of the beam, and direct tensile stress in the lower region of the beam.
If the moment bends the beam in a manner that makes the beam bend into a "smile" or a U-shape, it is positive. The centroid has to be located on the axis of symmetry. Click here to learn more about the SkyCiv Beam Calculator How to Calculate Bending Stress in Beams In this tutorial we will use a formula that relates the longitudinal stress distribution in a beam to the internal bending moment acting on the beam's cross section.
I am impressed with your company's efficiency.
The stress distribution in a beam can be predicted quite accurately when some simplifying assumptions are used. There are two forms of internal stresses caused by lateral loads: Should we be so brave to build again, you are first on the list.
The stress distribution in a beam can be predicted quite accurately when some simplifying assumptions are used. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Then we need to find whether the top or the bottom of the section is furthest from the neutral axis.
In the quasi-static case, the amount of bending deflection and the stresses that develop are assumed not to change over time.
There are two forms of internal stresses caused by lateral loads: This bending moment resists the sagging deformation characteristic of a beam experiencing bending. Thank you very much for your amazing service, especially all the communication. An example of a shear-moment diagram is shown in the following figure: Hooke's Law is applicable.
There are a few companies who actually honour their word. Of course you don't need to do these calculations by hand because you can use the SkyCiv Beam Calculator Software to find stress in beams. What you can notice now is that the bottom surface of the beam got longer in length, while the to surface of the beam got shorter in length.
This bending moment resists the sagging deformation characteristic of a beam experiencing bending. The bending moment at any location along the beam can then be used to calculate the bending stress over the beam's cross section at that location.
The shear force at any location along the beam can then be used to calculate the shear stress over the beam's cross section at that location.
Based on this sign convention, the shear force at the section cut in the figure above is positive since it causes clockwise rotation of the selected section. Begin with this cantilevered beam — from here you can progress through more complicated loadings.
And, just like torsion, the stress is no longer uniform over the cross section of the structure — it varies. It is thus a special case of Timoshenko beam theory. 4 Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) beam load tables are presented for rectangular and square Hollow Structural Sections (HSS) manufactured by the electric resistance welding (ERW) method and the submerged arc welding (SAW) method.
Rib and Block slabs, Concrete Slabs, Pre-Stressed Slabs, T Beam and block slabs, Spancon, Suspended slabs, TASS, Lattice beams, Polystyrene block slabs. Beam Calculator Powered by WebStructural. Beam bending formula, shear, moment, deflection plots for cantilevered beams and simply supported beams.
×. WELCOME TO THREADALL.
Companies throughout North America rely on Threadall Manufacturing for customized threading, bending, and concrete forming hardware and accessories. Simple beam bending is often analyzed with the Euler–Bernoulli beam equation.
The conditions for using simple bending theory are: The beam is subject to pure bending. This means that the shear force is zero, and that no torsional or axial loads are present.
Beams - Fixed at Both Ends - Continuous and Point Loads The calculator below can be used to calculate maximum stress and deflection of beams with one single or uniform distributed loads. Beam Supported at Both Ends - Uniform Continuous Distributed Load.Beam bending


Understandably, there are a lot of reports and articles in the media at the moment about the safety of buildings in the event of a fire. In a recent discussion with Dave Tilley of Lightology, this is what he had to say about fire escape routes and the part that emergency lighting plays.
"Research has suggested that over 50% of emergency lighting installations would not operate in accordance with the regulations when required.
This is even more shocking when you consider recent events in London.
Emergency lighting design is not an isolated process; the integration with the fire risk assessment is an essential part of any emergency lighting installation. The fire risk assessment, amongst other things, examines evacuation policy, escape routes and key risk factors, for example, concentration of inflammable materials, paper, cardboard, wood etc.
Even emergency signage has to be managed to ensure consistency of the sign style and the location, so as not to cause confusion.
Whilst most people understand the concept of 1 lux average, this should not be regarded as the primary design requirement; change of direction and height (intersections) must be reviewed along with important features - fire extinguishers, call points and fire panels - all of which require higher minimum lux levels.
Consideration of the emergency services point of entry and main congregation points must be incorporated within the fire risk assessment and emergency lighting design.
Even the use of street lighting to illuminate exit points have to be qualified; what is the Council's maintenance regime and has the Council introduced a switch off scheme?
Ultimately, the emergency lighting system is the responsibility of the client, however designers, installers and maintenance teams have an essential part to play in the safety of building occupants."


Keep Silt & Sediment Out of Storm Drains – Water from wet concrete cutting, power washing, landscaping and other outdoor activities sends silt and sediment straight to the nearest storm drain. From there, it can build up and pollute waterways. Capturing sediment on land is faster nd easier than digging it out of drain traps or outflows.
Halen Hardy has submitted an informative article that describes Five Construction General Permit (CGP) SWPPP Solutions.
“Technologies and Best Management Practices (BMPs) continually emerge and improve. This constant state of progress is a great thing when it comes to improving the quality of our nation’s waters. It’s also one of the reasons why the Clean Water Act (CWA) tasks the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with reviewing and renewing the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Construction General Permit (CGP) every five years.
Between permit cycles, EPA collects comments and proposals from various stakeholders, identifies changes and modifications to state permits, and reviews information from other sources when considering which permit clarifications and additions to propose and adopt for the next five-year cycle. In 2022, nine additions and 21 clarifications were made to the existing 2017 Construction General Permit (CGP).
The federal EPA issues NPDES permits in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New Mexico as well as US territories (except the Virgin Islands,) Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Tribal Lands, and for federal projects in certain states. In the other 47 states, permitting occurs at the state level.
Whether you’re getting ready to submit your next Notice of Intent (NOI) or looking for some new BMPs to strengthen your Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), focusing on these five areas can help you improve your operations and prevent pollutants from leaving your construction area” Continue reading this article


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Major operation to move a gantry crane in Roermond
Wednesday, June 4
Moving a 25 metre high gantry crane in the port of Roermond began on Wednesday. The crane stands on the grounds of the concrete and gravel company Kalle en Bakker. That company has since the 50s of the last century been located on Schipperswal in Roermond. Kalle en Bakker is making way for the Jazz City mega project.
An even larger crane will be used to move the gantry crane. With this 41 metre tall crane, Kalle en Bakker's gantry crane will by Thursday at the latest be at its new location on Mijnheerkensweg.


Expert construction of ponds and lakes ranging from 1/2 acre to 100+ acres. Designed and constructed using cutting edge technology and equipment. New construction. Repair, expansion, and cleanout (desilting) of existing ponds\lakes. Ponds\lakes requiring poly liners.
Experienced and knowledgeable services for installation of building pads, subbase and foundation work (preconstruction, before concrete) , roads, and driveways. as well as water diversion, culvert pipes, removal of vegetation (brush clearing), site leveling, and general excavation\sitework
Copyright © 2018 D&D Services - All Rights Reserved.


The Grundfos PM Rain is an interconnect device that allows you to utilise your harvested rainwater for toilet, laundry and garden applications, with the added benefit of mains water backup.
The PM Rain can be used in conjunction with the Grundfos JP and JP Rain range of pressure pumps or the submersible Grundfos SB pump, making it the ideal solution for above or below ground tanks. The pump itself is only activated when rainwater is being drawn from the tank. It does not operate when switched to mains.
The PM Rain automatically starts when a demand is sensed, for example the flushing of a toilet or filling a washing machine, and will switch over to mains water when your tank is empty or in the case of an electrical failure.
Grundfos has incorporated a specially designed valve eliminating the need for an in-tank float drastically decreasing installation time.
The easiest, quickest system to install
Does not require any regular maintenance
Dual check valve for backflow prevention
Suitable for above and below ground tanks
Features automatic changeover and water source indication lights, and leakage detection (to prevent rapid cycling)
Will automatically switch to mains water in the event of a power failure
The Grundfos PM Rain, JP Rain, JP and SB all comply with AS/NZS 4020-testing of products in contact with drinking water
Always install under cover to protect from the elements
Two year Grundfos warranty


Wind power plants¶
Height correction and conversion of weather data¶
Weather data is usually available for a restricted amount of heights above ground. However, for wind feed-in time series calculations weather data is needed at hub height of the examined wind turbines. Thus, the windpowerlib provides functions for the height correction of weather data.
Functions for the height correction of wind speed to the hub height of a wind turbine are described in the Wind speed module. Respectively a function for the height correction of temperature data is provided in the Temperature module. Functions for density calculations can be found in the Density module.
If weather data is available for at least two different heights the respective figure at hub height can be determined by using linear or logarithmic inter-/extrapolation functions of the Tools module.
Power output calculations¶
Wind feed-in time series can be calculated via power curves and power coefficient curves in the windpowerlib. Functions for power output calculations are described in the Power output module.
The windpowerlib provides two options for the consideration of wake losses in wind farms: reduction of wind speeds and wind farm efficiency (reduction of power in power curves).
For the first option wind efficiency curves are provided which determine the
average reduction of wind speeds within a wind farm induced by wake losses depending on the wind speed. These curves
were taken from the dena-Netzstudie II and the dissertation of Kaspar Knorr
(for references see
The following graph shows all provided wind efficiency curves. The mean wind efficiency curves were calculated in
the dena-Netzstudie II and by Kaspar Knorr by averaging wind efficiency curves of 12 wind farms distributed over Germany (dena) or
respectively of over 2000 wind farms in Germany (Knorr). Curves with the appendix ‘extreme’
are wind efficiency curves of single wind farms that are extremely deviating from the respective
mean wind efficiency curve.
The second option to consider wake losses is to apply them to power curves by reducing the power values
by a constant or on a wind speed depending wind farm efficiency (see
Applying the wind farm efficiency (curve) to power curves instead of feed-in time series has the advantage that the
power curves can further be aggregated to obtain turbine cluster power curves (see
Smoothing of power curves¶
To account for the spatial distribution of wind speeds within an area the windpowerlib provides a
function for power curve smoothing and uses the approach of Nørgaard and Holttinen (for references see
The modelchains are implemented to ensure an easy start into the Windpowerlib. They work like models that combine all functions provided in the library. Via parameteres desired functions of the windpowerlib can be selected. For parameters not being specified default parameters are used. The ModelChain is a model to determine the output of a wind turbine while the TurbineClusterModelChain is a model to determine the output of a wind farm or wind turbine cluster. The usage of both modelchains is shown in the Examples section.


November 21, 2014
City of Prescott
Zone 27 Water Systems
Welcome to the City of Prescott Zone 27 Water Systems Improvement Project eNews. Motorists and residents are reminded to call the Project Hotline at 541-7825 to speak to a project team member about any questions or concerns.
ZONE 27 WATER TANK CONSTRUCTION CONTINUES
Work continues on the new Zone 27 water tank, located on Skyline Drive west of the existing Zone 27 tank. Paving activities have been completed on Skyline Drive. Work inside the reservoir site will continue and take place largely off the roadway, however homeowners should expect occasional delays and possible flagging operations to facilitate unloading of materials and equipment.
ZONE 27 PIPELINE WORK CONTINUES
Crews will be onsite to do final tie-ins and miscellaneous waterline work on Thumb Butte Road between Country Club Circle and Sherwood Drive. Expect delays and one-lane of traffic with flaggers. Dump trucks, concrete trucks, and heavy equipment will be operating within the roadway and additional caution around this work zone is advised.
In observance of Thanksgiving Day, no work will occur on Thursday or Friday, November 27 or 28.
Please be aware of the following impacts:


Faro Airport, also known as Algarve Airport, is located 4 km (2.5 mi) to the west of Faro in Portugal. The airport opened in July 1965. A total of 6.4 million passengers used Faro airport in 2015. The airport became a hub for the first time in March 2010, when Ryanair decided to base seven of its aircraft there. The airport gets very busy during the summer months, namely from March to October, to the extent that the airport becomes a slot coordinated airport.
Faro Airport is capable of handling six million passengers a year. There are 22 stands of which 16 are remote, with 60 check-in desks and 36 boarding gates.
Since its opening in 1966 Faro airport has had two major developments, the new passenger terminal building in 1989 and its enlargement in 2001. Faced with growing traffic demand and passenger safety and satisfaction needs, the development plan for 2009-2013, means Faro airport undergoes extensive improvements to runway and infrastructure as well as a widespread renovation of the airport terminal and commercial areas.
Faro Airport Transfers Algarve with Perfectomorrow.


Contract Works or Construction Insurance provides insurance cover against risks associated with civil, commercial and residential construction projects.
These insurance policies are typically designed to assist licensed builders and contractors to meet their contractual obligations to insure a building project (and materials on site) against loss or damage from fire, theft, subsidence, vandalism, and other perils.
Domestic owner builders who are building a new house or carrying out renovations may also need Construction Insurance
Construction sites are usually covered for events like storms, fires, earthquakes, water damage, malicious damage and theft, which delay the ongoing works. The policy usually also covers cover for the costs of demolition, removal of debris and other fees associated.
Typically, a Construction Insurance policy will cover:
- Loss or Damage to the insured construction project
- Loss or damage to third party property
- Personal Injury to a third party person
To discuss all your Construction Insurance needs and to get a fast, competitive quote, call our expert Business Broking Team on 1300 PROFIN (1300 776 346).


Fiber Cement Sidingis also namedCement Fiber Siding, is thenew construction materialwhich is cement with nature fiber to reinforce the multi functions.
Thin sheets can be used forceiling tiles.
Perforated sheetcan be used as sound-absorbing perforated ceiling. (2.5,3,3.5,4 mm)
4-12mm board can be used forpartition,wallpanel,drywalland or decorative materials (4,5,6,8,9,10,12 mm)
Slad panelcan be used for LOFT floor boards, loft board, wall insulation
panels, wall panels. (15,18,20,24,25,30,40,60,90 mm)


COVID-19 NOTIFICATION - DEVELOPMENT PLAN REVIEW
Development plan review services will continue on a limited basis.
Plan review completion is anticipated to require additional time to complete. Complicated or large plans may be delayed until full development services resume.
Full development plan review services will resume pending updated agency directives.
Development is performed by a developer/contractor at developer/owner expense. The District will collect all related fees from the developer/owner, including meter cost(s). The developer/contractor shall install the meter(s).
New water facilities within the District's service area shall comply with the following:
- State Water Resources Control Board's Division of Drinking Water (DDW)
To initiate a project, submit form(s) and required documents. Incomplete information may result in rejection of the application.
- Development Water Service
- Hydrant Flow Test
- Temporary Construction Hydrant Meter Permit
- Water Main Extension
Supplementary Documents and Additional Information:
Meter Data Sheets:
Required Documents (by Contractor) Prior to Pre-Construction Meeting:
Regulations, Standards and Specifications:
- SSWD Improvement Standards and Technical Specifications
- SSWD Regulations Governing Water Service
- Sacramento County Standards
The Engineering Department is available at 916.972.7171, Monday—Friday, 8:00 a.m.—4:30 p.m. or email firstname.lastname@example.org.


Our civil construction services encompass Civil Design, Site Preparation, Concrete Work, Fencing, Access Road Construction, Landscaping, and Site Demolition / Debris Removal.
Our site / grounds maintenance services include Vegetation Management
, Debris Removal
, Air Conditioning Repair / Installation
, and Generator Repair / Installation
Welcome to LBE Inc.
Larry Barber Enterprises (LBE) Inc. is a full service provider of Tower Civil Design, Construction and Maintenance services across the United States, Puerto Rico and the U.S.V.I. We pride ourselves in providing outstanding customer service, unrivaled quality, and superior workmanship to our clients.
Find out more About Us.


Does Drywall Always Need To Be Removed After Flooding?
In a vast majority of cases, water damage restoration specialists will need to perform a flood cut to handle any damaged drywall. This involves removing a section of the drywall approximately 12 inches above the flood line. Since drywall is a porous material, it can be extremely damaged by flooding, essentially becoming a sponge. However, there are a small number of situations where experts in Las Vegas, Nevada can repair the wall without having to tear out the whole thing.
1. Minimal Water Damage
Extreme levels of water brought about by heavy rainfall or a burst pipe will necessitate a flood cut every time. If your situation involves a washing machine or dishwasher overflowing and causing a small amount of water to flood the floor, then you may not need to remove drywall. The easiest way to determine this on your own is to get a moisture meter and apply it to the affected wall. If the reading is over one percent, then you will need to remove the wall because it is too compromised.
2. Clean Water
Severe flooding can cause water to pick up sewage and other pieces of debris from your home’s septic tank and bring those materials inside your house. With that level of contamination, a flood cut is highly recommended. You do not want hazardous materials to go deep inside the porous materials of the drywall.
3. Lack of Insulation
Some walls in your home have insulation, while others do not. If water seeps through the walls and enters the insulation, then that material is typically beyond salvage and will need to be removed. Experts in Las Vegas, NV will need to take out the walls to get to the insulation. This prevents further mold growth. Without insulation, the team may remedy flooding damage by drilling holes in the walls to air out the other side.
Visit http://www.SERVPROnorthwestlasvegas.com for more information on storm damage.


The A406 North Circular is a 27.5mile stretch of carriageway forming the northern section of the ring road surrounding the UK’s capital. Considered by many to be one of the noisiest and environmentally damaging roads in Britain, the uncertainty of the road’s development since the 1970s has caused urban decay and criticism for lack of progress and a poor pollution record.
Notwithstanding its reputation, the road represents a significant artery carrying a regular life-flow of people and goods through, around and out of the city. The road is an essential blight on neighbourhoods through which it passes, representing a significant issue for government and local communities. This project highlights the life surrounding the road; local people going about their day and moments of natural beauty captured against the backdrop of the rubbish-strewn concrete edifice.


One of the Swiss government’s goals is to harness potential wind, solar and hydropower resources at the country’s higher elevations, in order to make surrounding areas more energy self-sufficient and less reliant on fossil fuels.
In support of this ambition SwissWinds Development GmbH (SWD), a Swiss contractor that specializes in developing high-elevation wind parks, has launched a unique renewable energy project that connects wind and hydro generation to the regional power grid in the rugged, mountainous Valais region.
At 2,465 meters above sea level the site is the highest wind project in Europe, and ABB’s contribution as a key partner is the design, delivery and installation of a custom-built, small power transformer. SWD plans to merge the production of a four-turbine wind power plant with an existing hydropower station.
ABB’s special 3-winding small power transformer replaces part of the original hydropower infrastructure, and features lower losses to optimize total cost-of-ownership; seismic protection; and a compact Oil Forced Water Forced (OFWF) cooling system based on heat exchangers utilizing the ever-present cold hydro reservoir water.
ABB’s solution is as compact as the original unit to minimize modifications to the existing transformer chamber. Not only can it be delivered through the same narrow tunnel as the original 50-year-old hydro transformer, the ABB unit provides twice the power capacity, enabling it to inject power into the local grid from both the old hydro plant and the new wind farm.
ABB’s transformer solution was delivered in just six months to meet a short, three-month installation window before snow and bad weather interrupted work.
Officially inaugurated on September 30, 2016, the Griessee wind project is expected to generate about 14 million kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity annually, enough to meet the needs of 3,000 Swiss households.


Shree Akhileshwar Mahadev complex is spread over an area of about 500 sq. feet in Allahabad near Rasulabad Ghat road under Chinmaya Mission. The foundation stones were laid on 30th October, 2004 by Parampoojya Swami Tejomayanandaji and Poojya Swami Subodhanandaji of Chinmaya Mission. Pink sand stones from Rajasthan are being carved and fixed to give shape to Shree Akhileshwar Mahadev Dhyan Mandapam over the Foundation floor. The foundation floor is designed to accommodate a Satsang Bhavan having a capacity of about 300 persons and all the essential services for Shree Akhileshwar Mahadev.
Don’t spread any kind of dirt in and around the vicinity of the monument.


Accumulate Edition 3/10
SKU: 207960 Elevated-3
Tax included. Shipping calculated at checkout.
Print size 92 by 69cmThe floodplains of the top end, are the connections between the higher ground and the river systems that discharge high volumes of wet season water into the oceans. Water often runs off the higher ground and accumulates on the floodplains and is held there until it can reach the smaller creeks and ultimately the main river. The top half is the main floodplain where the accumulation occurs and the water drains to the creek, which has formed against the higher ground. Captured from about 2,500 feet, the flow of water and interaction of heights can be seen and highlighted by the area of green, where the water layers for long enough for algae and plant life to grow.


Parking Lot Striping Benefits
Parking lot striping is very important. The reason why this is so is that it ensures safety in the parking lot. It does this by clearly showing the traffic. A lot of accidents are therefore reduced. The surface is cleaned before the strips are made. This is done to ensure that the paint will be more visible because of the clean surface. There are so many adavantages of parking lot striping. The following are some of the benefits of parking lot striping.
One benefit of parking lot stripping is that it improves safety. This is because it helps people to clearly identify the handicap spaces. Clear marking of the parking lot is another benefit of parking lot striping. Accidents will therefore be prevented because the parking lot striping is made visible. Clear marking of the pedestrian crossing is another benefit of parking lot stripping. Therefore, in case the parking lot striping fades it is important for them to be repainted. Something else you should make sure of is that you fix the potholes and cracks.
Another importance of parking lot striping is liability reduction. The reason for this being that it directs the traffic and alerts drivers to pedestrian crossing. Accidents such as cars collusion and hitting of pedestrians is however reduced. Parking lot striping that are well maintained and visible makes sure that you are not taken to court in case accidents happen in your parking lot. In case the stripping done in your parking lot are not well maintained you can be charged with negligence if an accident occurs. It will therefore cost you a lot because you nay either be jailed or fined.
Another benefit of parking lot stripping is improvement of parking. The reason why this is so is that it maximizes the space. Parking lot stripping makes it easier to mark parking spots This will reduce the congestion in the parking lot. People will park where they want as a result of not clearly being shown where to park. This will make them use too much space. Therefore, congestion is caused in most cases. It is therefore important to make sure that the parking lot striping is clearly done.
To sum up another benefit of car lot striping is it prevents door dings. When there are no parking lot strips people may tend to park so near to each other. Thus the other car that is next is hit when you open the car door. So many cases are caused when you hit the other car. To avoid all this problems having a parking lot strip is important. The reason why this is so is that people leave a certain distance when parking next to each other.


Four BTEC Higher Nationals in Construction receive HTQ status
We’re very happy to announce that four BTEC Higher National Construction qualifications have been awarded Higher Technical Qualification status, at both HNC and HND level, for first teach in September 2023.
The suite of qualifications includes:
- Construction Management
- Architectural Technology
- Modern Methods of Construction
- Quantity Surveying
This new approval system, based on employer-led standards, was created after the Department for Education’s response to Reforming Higher Technical Education – July 2020 emphasised the need for prestigious qualifications that meet employer needs (at levels 4 and 5).
Pearson have been active in this space for a number of years, especially within the construction sector, seeing over 20,000 registrations worldwide for the HNC (L4) and HND (L5) over the past 5 years. However, we agree that there is a need and opportunity for more young people and adults to be undertaking Higher Technical Education courses in future, which is why we are committed to making sure our BTEC Higher National qualifications are a high-value choice for individuals.
Rebecca Mameli, Head of Research and Qualification Development, Pearson said:
"Pearson are committed to high quality higher technical training for the construction workforce both in the UK and internationally. The successful approval of these BTEC Higher National qualifications as Higher Technical Qualifications is the latest landmark in that commitment.
Our BTEC Higher Nationals in Construction Management, Architectural Technology, Modern Methods of Construction and Quantity Surveying were developed in partnership with a wide range of stakeholders including employers, professional bodies and providers of HTQ to ensure their currency for today's construction industry. We hope that the HTQ quality mark will support students in making the best choice in terms of their construction education."
John Barfoot Learning, Education and Academic director with the Chartered Association of Building Engineers said:
“I have worked with the HN team at Pearson for over 5 years, and most recently we have been involved with the review of the BTEC Higher National suite of courses in construction and the built environment and the submission to IfATE.
The BTEC Higher Nationals and their alignment to the recognised Occupational Standards will go a long way to meet the education needs of the current and future workforces in the built environment as we face the challenges of climate change.
It has been brilliant to able to work with Pearson on HTQs and we wish them and future learners’ success, and look forward to welcoming much needed graduates from HTQs into exciting careers in the built environment and into membership of CABE“
We will notify all centres once the specifications are available on the Pearson qualifications website.
Learn more about Higher Technical Qualifications
Stay up to date with Pearson Higher Technical Qualifications by visiting our dedicated website, where you can also sign up to receive latest news about HTQs.


Geothermal HVAC Systems: Sustainable Installation For Year-Round Comfort
Introduction to Geothermal HVAC Systems
Geothermal HVAC systems, also known as ground source heat pump systems, are a sustainable and efficient alternative to conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. These systems utilize the constant temperature of the earth to provide heating and cooling for residential and commercial buildings.
On bthe other hand, homeowners increasingly seek sustainable alternatives for year-round comfort, geothermal HVAC systems have emerged as a frontrunner in the realm of eco-friendly heating and cooling solutions.
When considering the installation of such systems, residents in Las Vegas and its surrounding areas can rely on ICE Air Conditioning & Plumbing for the best HVAC installation experience.
With a proven track record of excellence, ICE Air Conditioning & Plumbing is the go-to choice for those in search of trusted HVAC installation in the following areas:
Also, unlike traditional HVAC systems that rely on fossil fuels or electricity generated from non-renewable sources, geothermal HVAC systems tap into the earth’s natural heat energy, making them environmentally friendly and energy efficient.
How Geothermal HVAC Systems Work
Geothermal HVAC systems work by harnessing the relatively constant temperature of the earth, which remains at around 50 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit below the frost line. This temperature is used as a heat source in the winter and a heat sink in the summer.
The system consists of three main components: the ground loop system, the heat pump, and the distribution system. The ground loop system consists of a series of pipes buried in the ground that circulate a mixture of water and antifreeze. This mixture absorbs heat from the earth in the winter and releases heat into the earth in the summer.
The heat pump extracts heat from the ground loop system and transfers it to the distribution system, which distributes the conditioned air throughout the building. In the summer, the process is reversed, and the heat pump extracts heat from the building and releases it into the ground loop system, cooling the air in the process.
Benefits of Geothermal HVAC Systems
One of the main benefits of geothermal HVAC systems is their high energy efficiency. These systems can operate with 400% to 600% efficiency, meaning they can produce 4 to 6 units of heating or cooling for every unit of electricity consumed. This level of efficiency significantly reduces energy consumption and lowers utility bills.
Geothermal HVAC systems can provide significant cost savings over the long term. While the upfront installation costs may be higher compared to conventional HVAC systems, the lower operating costs and energy savings make up for it in the long run. Homeowners can expect to save up to 70% on their heating and cooling costs with a geothermal system.
Geothermal HVAC systems have minimal environmental impact compared to traditional HVAC systems. By utilizing the earth’s natural heat energy, these systems reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. They also help conserve water since they do not require large amounts of water for cooling, unlike cooling towers commonly used in conventional systems.
Comfort and Air Quality
Geothermal HVAC systems provide consistent and reliable heating and cooling, resulting in enhanced comfort in the building. These systems also have the added advantage of improving indoor air quality by reducing the circulation of allergens, dust, and pollutants, leading to healthier indoor environments.
Long Lifespan and Durability
Geothermal HVAC systems are known for their long lifespan and durability. With proper installation and regular maintenance, these systems can last for up to 25 years or more, which is significantly longer than the lifespan of conventional HVAC systems. This makes geothermal systems a reliable and cost-effective option in the long term.
Sustainable Installation of Geothermal HVAC Systems
The installation of geothermal HVAC systems follows a sustainable approach that minimizes environmental impact and maximizes system efficiency. The installation process involves several steps, including site evaluation, ground loop installation, heat pump installation, ductwork and distribution system installation, and system testing and commissioning.
Steps Involved in Geothermal HVAC System Installation
Site Evaluation and Assessments
Before installing a geothermal HVAC system, a thorough site evaluation is conducted to assess the feasibility and suitability of the system. Factors such as soil composition, land availability, and accessibility are taken into consideration. This evaluation helps determine the appropriate size, design, and location for the system.
Ground Loop Installation
The next step in the installation process is the installation of the ground loop system. This involves burying pipes or coils in the ground, either vertically or horizontally, depending on the available space. The pipes are filled with a mixture of water and antifreeze, which circulates through the loop and transfers heat to or from the ground.
Heat Pump Installation
After the ground loop system is installed, the heat pump is then installed inside the building. The heat pump extracts heat from the ground loop system and transfers it to the distribution system. The type and size of the heat pump are determined based on the heating and cooling requirements of the building.
Ductwork and Distribution System Installation
Once the heat pump is installed, the ductwork and distribution system are installed to distribute the conditioned air throughout the building. The ductwork is carefully designed and installed to ensure optimal airflow and efficiency. The distribution system may include vents, registers, and air handlers depending on the building’s layout and design.
System Testing and Commissioning
After the installation is complete, the geothermal HVAC system is thoroughly tested and commissioned to ensure proper functioning and efficiency. This includes checking the performance of the heat pump, testing the airflow and distribution, and verifying the overall system operation. Any necessary adjustments or fine-tuning are made during this stage to ensure optimal performance.
Cost and Return on Investment for Geothermal HVAC Systems
The initial installation cost of geothermal HVAC systems is typically higher compared to conventional systems. However, the long-term cost savings in energy bills and the potential for government incentives and tax credits can make the investment worthwhile. The return on investment for geothermal systems varies depending on factors such as energy prices, system efficiency, and the size of the system. On average, homeowners can expect to recover their investment within 5 to 10 years.
Comparison with Conventional HVAC Systems
Geothermal HVAC systems are significantly more energy-efficient than conventional HVAC systems, which typically have an efficiency rating of around 90% or less. The high efficiency of geothermal systems translates into lower energy consumption and reduced utility bills.
Geothermal HVAC systems have lower operating costs compared to conventional systems due to their high energy efficiency and lower dependence on fossil fuels. Over time, these cost savings can offset the higher upfront installation costs of geothermal systems.
Geothermal HVAC systems have a lower environmental impact compared to conventional systems. By utilizing the earth’s natural heat energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels, geothermal systems help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote environmental sustainability.
Geothermal HVAC systems offer a sustainable and efficient solution for year-round comfort. With their energy efficiency, cost savings, environmental benefits, and long lifespan, these systems provide a sustainable alternative to conventional HVAC systems. Through the sustainable installation process and regular maintenance, geothermal HVAC systems can continue to provide reliable and efficient heating and cooling for many years, contributing to a more sustainable and comfortable living environment.
Optimize your comfort sustainably. Explore the cost savings, energy efficiency, and environmental benefits of Geothermal HVAC systems. Discover the long-term reliability and efficiency of this eco-conscious solution. Learn more about sustainable HVAC installation in Henderson, NV by Ice Heating & Cooling. For further insights regarding HVAC installations read their blog on Tips To Balance Green HVAC And The Cost Of A New System.


Picking the appropriate roof covering material for your residence can be a mystery for several homeowners. With the variety of options readily available, it has come to be significantly challenging to choose.
Over the last couple of years, residential steel roofing has expanded considerably in appeal as many house owners have actually learned of its longevity, while others have concentrated on the several styles and colors readily available. However, there is still a greater number who are aiming to unravel the hints.
Tom Black, executive supervisor of the Steel Roofing Alliance (MRA), answers the most common questions most house owners have regarding metal roof:
Why should a home owner consider steel roofing?
Steel roof covering has several benefits. As an example, steel roofings have a reduced life cycle expense than most traditional roofing product such as asphalt or cedar and also it can hold up against extreme climate such as hailstorm, snow, high winds in addition to fire. It's also readily available in several designs and shades to fit basically any type of home.
Just what is the general price of a steel roof covering?
Metal roofs could at first set you back 3 to 4 times more than traditional roof products, but homeowners must bear in mind that the common asphalt or cedar roof requires replacement every 15 years. While asphalt or cedar roof coverings are at first less costly, when property owners take into consideration the cost of a metal roofing expanded over a 60-year duration, steel is the clear choice.
Do metal roof coverings come with guarantees?
While a lot of exceptional asphalt roofs will last from 12 to Twenty Years, metal can last more than 60. That's why you'll locate most metal roof with warranties of about 50 years-- nearly four times greater than the majority of various other roof covering products.
Typically aren't metal roof coverings loud?
Never. Steel roofings with solid sheathing and insulation control noise from rainfall, hailstorm as well as negative climate equally as well as any other roofing product.
Just how does metal roofing take on severe weather?
Metal roof covering is one of the most resilient roofing product offered. Whether it's hail, snow, extreme winds and even fire, steel roof safeguards house owners from whatever Nature could throw their official statement way. As an example, in a hail storm, a steel roofing system's strong structure protects against dents, dings as well as other damages hail storm is understood to cause. Actually, property owners in some locations receive up to a 30 percent decrease in their property owners insurance policy for having a metal click to read roof covering mounted.
Will steel roof assistance deal with the increasing cost of energy?
Among one of the most helpful elements of steel roof covering is its capacity to shield a residence. Not just does steel roof maintain your house comfy no matter the weather outside, however it can actually lower air conditioning and heating costs.
Will steel roof fit with the style of my house and neighborhood?
Definitely! Steel roof covering can be found in a range of designs, colors and also coatings as well as is made to look just like other popular types of roof covering material including cedar shake, slate, asphalt tiles as well as clay ceramic tiles.
Where can house owners opt for more info on metal roofing?
Home owners can go to www.metalroofing.com to find Source out more regarding metal roof covering, see the numerous styles readily available and also take part in the "Ask the Specialists" section.


Snuggles cattery opened in the summer of 2012 and has been fitted out with high quality modern accommodation purpose built to exceed current cattery guidlines, the accommodation includes a spacious raised & heated sleeping area with separate lower run.
Combinations of natural and artificial lighting is provided along with forced and natural ventilation, the building shell has been built to current building regulations (2012) and is fitted with full double glazing, roof insulation and a cavity wall to keep the building at a constant temperature while minimising any noise inward & outward.
Town : Carlisle
County : Cumbria
Postcode : CA2 7NB
Phone : 07570803663
Website : http://www.snugglescattery.co.uk/


Application: Aircraft hangar
Slab Size: 37,500 ft² (3,500 m²)
Joint Spacing: 60 ft x 70 ft (18 m x 21 m)
6,800 linear ft (2,100 m)
A conventional concrete slab capable of storing 40-ton business jets typically will require significant use of secondary steel reinforcement and much labor and expense to saw cut the required number of control joints. Our custom, extended joint spacing solution for this modern hangar eliminated use of rebar and more than 6,800 linear feet of joints specified in the original design, thereby saving construction expense and significantly reducing long-term maintenance costs.
Application: Water clarifier tanks
Slab Size: 10,000 ft² (930 m²)
Jointless: 68 ft diameter (21 m)
Engineer: Global Water
Contractor: Hunter Contracting
Recipient of the 2017 Fiber Reinforced Concrete Association’s (FRCA) Innovative Project of the Year award, this durable concrete system of three high-performance slabs required no secondary steel reinforcement or shrinkage joints, thus eliminating the need for all water stops. Use of fiber reinforcement reduced total slab construction time by an estimated five days and allowed the slabs to be constructed in one single, monolithic placement.
Slab Size: 173,500 ft² (9,300 m²)
Joint Spacing: 40 ft x 60 ft (12 m x 18 m)
Architect: Byce & Associates, Inc.
This modern headquarters facility benefitted from our durable, fiber-reinforced concrete solutions in both the office and manufacturing areas. In manufacturing, use of extended joint spacing in the large slab-on-ground areas will keep long-term maintenance costs to a minimum, while the highly polished, fiber-reinforced concrete flooring in the office areas provide pleasing aesthetics with no evidence of fiber seen on surfaces.
Slab Size: 20,000 ft² (16,100 m²)
Joint Spacing: 50 ft x 50 ft (15 m x 15 m)
Contractor: RA Libs Inc.
As a premier concrete contractor, RA Libs created a showpiece of their work to demonstrate the proven benefits of the MB Slab System—from its joint-eliminating, crack-reducing features ideal for industrial applications to the smooth, highly polished look it can provide to office floors.
Slab Size: 40,000 ft² (3,700 m²)
Joint Spacing: 40 ft x 50 ft (12 m x 15 m)
Effective sanitation is essential to a food processing facility such as this one. The superior, tight crack control of our slab-on-ground solution contributes to this company’s hygiene efforts by minimizing microbial and chemical contaminants seeping into the floor.
Slab Size: 66,000 ft² (6,100 m²)
Joint Spacing: 40 ft x 50 ft (12 x 15 m)
Our slab-on-ground solution for this large warehouse saved construction time and labor by significantly reducing the need for steel reinforcement and saw cut joints. Once completed, the facility benefits from tight joint openings, minimal floor curl and superior impact and abrasion resistance. Wear and tear on equipment riding on the floor is minimized, thanks to extended spacing of control joints.
Application: Radiant floor
Slab Size: 5,400 ft² (500 m²)
Jointless: 60 ft x 90 ft (18 m x 24 m)
Producer: Blager Concrete Company
Contractor: Graber Buildings, Inc.
A new, open slab-on-ground floor plan with an underlying radiant floor system posed significant challenges easily overcome with this MB Slab System solution. Use of our fiber reinforcement technology avoided any damage to the radiant heat system by completely eliminating the need for saw cutting contraction joints. Our workability-retaining admixture enabled the concrete to remain consistent and workable from batch plant to the project site (a 45-minute drive). In addition, the innovative MasterLife CRA 007 crack-reducing admixture was utilized to reduce drying shrinkage and minimize the width of any cracks that might develop.
Application: Radiant floor
Slab Size: 2,400 ft² (220 m²)
Jointless: 40 ft x 60 ft (12 m x 18 m)
Eliminating the need for saw cutting contraction joints, this jointless concrete slab solution removed the risks of damaging the underlying radiant heat system during installation, while also providing excellent, long-term crack control and durability.


Giant machines for HS2’s Chilterns tunnels unveiled – BBC News
Image copyrightHS2Image caption
The 2,000-tonne machines will make a tunnel under the Chilterns starting in 2021
Two tunnelling machines bought to help build HS2 have been unveiled by the firm behind the high-speed rail line.
The excavators will bore a 10 mile (16km) tunnel through part of the Chilterns, from a site near the M25 to near South Heath in Buckinghamshire,
HS2 Ltd chief executive Mark Thurston said the machines would “be a defining moment in the history of HS2”.


Option: 07 Where the number of through lanes on an approach is two or less, the Intersection Lane Control signs R, R, or R may be overhead or post-mounted.
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When the mandatory movement applies to lanes exclusively designated for HOV traffic, the RcP supplemental plaque shall be used. If Mandatory Lane Movement Control R symbol signs with supplemental RbP or RfP plaques are used, they should be mounted adjacent to and along only the full width portion of the turn lane.
Interview under caution
The R sign should not be installed adjacent to a through lane in advance of a turn bay taper or adjacent to a turn bay taper. Option: 08 The Straight Through Only Ra sign may be used to require a road user in a particular lane to proceed straight through an intersection. Standard: 01 If used, the Optional Movement Lane Control R sign see Figure 2B-4 shall be used for two or more movements from a specific lane or to emphasize permitted movements.
Option: 07 The word message OK may be used within the border in combination with the arrow symbols of the R sign. The diamond symbol may be used instead of the word message HOV. The minimum allowable vehicle occupancy requirement may vary based on the level established for a particular facility. Guidance: 03 If used, an Advance Intersection Lane Control sign should be placed at an adequate distance in advance of the intersection so that road users can select the appropriate lane see Figure 2A If used, the Advance Intersection Lane Control sign should be installed either in advance of the tapers or at the beginning of the turn lane.
Option: 04 An Advance Intersection Lane Control sign may be repeated closer to the intersection for additional emphasis. Standard: 05 Where three or more approach lanes are available to traffic, Advance Intersection Lane Control R series signs, if used, shall be post-mounted in advance of the intersection and shall not be mounted overhead see Section 2B. Support: 02 Section 2C. Guidance: 01 Two-Way Left Turn Only Ra or Rb signs see Figure 2B-6 should be used in conjunction with the required pavement markings where a non-reversible lane is reserved for the exclusive use of left-turning vehicles in either direction and is not used for passing, overtaking, or through travel.
Option: 02 The post-mounted Rb sign may be used as an alternate to or a supplement to the overhead Ra sign. Support: 03 Signing is especially helpful to drivers in areas where the two-way left turn only maneuver is new, in areas subject to environmental conditions that frequently obscure the pavement markings, and on peripheral streets with two-way left turn only lanes leading to an extensive system of routes with two-way left turn only lanes.
Option: 01 A reversible lane may be used for through traffic with left turns either permitted or prohibited in alternating directions during different periods of the day, and the lane may be used for exclusive left turns in one or both directions during other periods of the day as well. Reversible Lane Control Re through Ri signs see Figure 2B-6 may be either static type or changeable message type. These signs may be either post-mounted or overhead.
Standard: 02 post-mounted Reversible Lane Control signs shall be used only as a supplement to overhead signs or signals.
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For both word messages and symbols, this legend shall be at the top of the sign. Option: 04 Reversing traffic flow may be controlled with pavement markings and Reversible Lane Control signs without the use of lane control signals , when all of the following conditions are met:.
Standard: 05 Reversible Lane Control signs shall contain the legend or symbols designating the allowable uses of the lane and the time periods such uses are allowed. Where symbols and legends are used, their meanings shall be as shown in Table 2B All times of the day and days of the week shall be accounted for on the sign to eliminate confusion to the road user. Standard: 10 A Reversible Lane Control sign shall be mounted over the center of the lane that is being reversed and shall be perpendicular to the roadway alignment.
The placement of the signs shall be such that the driver will have a definite indication of the lanes specifically reserved for use at any given time. Special consideration shall be given to major generators introducing traffic between the normal sign placement. The Rg or Rh signs shall be used for this purpose.
Option: 13 More than one sign may be used at the termination of the reversible lane to emphasize the importance of the message Ri.
Interview under caution | Practical Law
Standard: 14 Flashing beacons, if used to accentuate the overhead Reversible Lane Control signs, shall comply with the applicable requirements for flashing beacons in Chapter 4L. The Turn Prohibition signs shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section 2B. The bottom of the overhead Reversible Lane Control signs should not be more than 19 feet above the pavement grade. Longer distances between signs are appropriate for streets with speeds over 35 mph, but the separation should not exceed 1, feet.
Support: 01 A jughandle turn is a left-turn or U-turn that because of special geometry is made by initially making a right turn. This type of turn can increase the operational efficiency of a roadway by eliminating the need for exclusive left-turn lanes and can increase the operational efficiency of a traffic control signal by eliminating the need for protected left-turn phases. A jughandle turn can also provide an opportunity for trucks and commercial vehicles to make a U-turn where the median and roadway are not of sufficient width to accommodate a traditional U-turn by these vehicles.
Figure 2B-9 shows examples of regulatory and destination guide signing for various types of jughandle turns. Figure 2B-8 Jughandle Regulatory Signs. Option: 04 Where a median of sufficient width is available, supplemental regulatory or guide signs may also be placed on the left-hand side of the roadway. Standard: 05 An R series sign with an upward diagonal arrow pointing to the right if the jughandle entrance is designed as an exit ramp see Drawings A and B of Figure 2B-9 or an R series sign with a horizontal arrow pointing to the right if the jughandle entrance is designed as an intersection shall be installed on the right-hand side of the roadway at the entrance to the jughandle.
Support: 07 The R, R, and R series of signs are designed to be mounted below conventional guide signs. The Do Not Pass sign may be used at the beginning of, and at intervals within, a zone through which sight distance is restricted or where other conditions make overtaking and passing inappropriate.
Support: 03 Standards for determining the location and extent of no-passing zone pavement markings are set forth in Section 3B. This sign should not be used on the approach to an interchange or through an interchange area. Both signs may be used on multi-lane roadways to improve capacity and reduce lane changing.
Guidance: 04 If an extra lane has been provided for trucks and other slow-moving traffic, a Lane Ends sign see Section 2C. Appropriate pavement markings should be installed at both the upstream and downstream ends of the extra lane see Section 3B. Support: 05 Section 2D. Option: 01 The Keep Right R sign see Figure 2B may be used at locations where it is necessary for traffic to pass only to the right-hand side of a roadway feature or obstruction. The Keep Left R sign see Figure 2B may be used at locations where it is necessary for traffic to pass only to the left-hand side of a roadway feature or obstruction.
Guidance: 02 At locations where it is not readily apparent that traffic is required to keep to the right, a Keep Right sign should be used. The sign should be mounted on the face of or just in front of a pier or other obstruction separating opposite directions of traffic in the center of the highway such that traffic will have to pass to the right-hand side of the sign. Standard: 04 The Keep Right sign shall not be installed on the right-hand side of the roadway in a position where traffic must pass to the left-hand side of the sign.
Option: 05 The Keep Right sign may be omitted at intermediate ends of divisional islands and medians. Standard: 09 A narrow Keep Right Rc sign shall not be installed on a median island that has a width of 4 feet or more at the point where the sign is to be located. Support: 03 The specific number of vehicles displayed on the R sign provides law enforcement personnel with the information they need to enforce this regulation. Support: 06 Section 2D. Figure 2B Selective Exclusion Signs. The sign should be mounted on the right-hand side of the roadway, facing traffic that might enter the roadway or ramp in the wrong direction.
Support: 03 Section 2B. Support: 01 Selective Exclusion signs see Figure 2B give notice to road users that State or local statutes or ordinances exclude designated types of traffic from using particular roadways or facilities. Standard: 02 If used, Selective Exclusion signs shall clearly indicate the type of traffic that is excluded. Support: 03 Typical exclusion messages include:. If Keep Right signs are installed, they shall be placed as close as practical to the approach ends of the medians and shall be visible to traffic on the divided highway and each crossroad approach.
If ONE WAY signs are installed, they shall be placed on the near right and far left corners of the intersection and shall be visible to each crossroad approach. Option: 05 At an intersection with a divided highway that has a median width at the intersection itself of less than 30 feet, ONE WAY signs may also be placed on the far right corner of the intersection as shown in Figures 2B and 2B Standard: 07 If used at unsignalized intersections with one-way streets, ONE WAY signs shall be placed on the near right and the far left corners of the intersection facing traffic entering or crossing the one-way street see Figure 2B Guidance: 12 Where used on the central island of a roundabout, the mounting height of a ONE WAY sign should be at least 4 feet, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the traveled way.
Scope of this note
Support: 13 Using ONE WAY signs on the central island of a roundabout might result in some drivers incorrectly concluding that the cross street is a one-way street. Using Roundabout Directional Arrow signs might reduce this confusion. Standard: 01 At interchange exit ramp terminals where the ramp intersects a crossroad in such a manner that wrong-way entry could inadvertently be made, the following signs shall be used see Figure 2B :. Guidance: 02 In addition, the following pavement markings should be used see Figure 2B :. Option: 03 The following traffic control devices may be used to supplement the signs and pavement markings described in Paragraphs 1 and 2 :.
Guidance: 04 On interchange entrance ramps where the ramp merges with the through roadway and the design of the interchange does not clearly make evident the direction of traffic on the separate roadways or ramps, a ONE WAY sign visible to traffic on the entrance ramp and through roadway should be placed on each side of the through roadway near the entrance ramp merging point as illustrated in Figure 2B Option: 05 At locations where engineering judgment determines that a special need exists, other standard warning or prohibitive methods and devices may be used as a deterrent to the wrong-way movement.
Support: 07 Section 2B.
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Figure out development standards for your property or area. Setback requirements, building height requirements, building size requirements, architectural themes in the area (if applicable), land survey, property requirements, etc.
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We not only hand you a set of plans; we also complete and submit the building permit applications with your local government. We then go further, we coordinate communications and answer the government questions on your behalf. At the end, we make sure you get a building permit to legally build your project.


Work has begun in Cardigan to remove the steel framework that has supported the castle walls for almost 40 years.
Yellow steel beams which have propped up the crumbling walls since 1975 are being taken away in an £11m renovation.
After months of work to strengthen and re-point the stone walls, the first piece of steelwork was cut away and removed by a crane on Friday.
A crowd of around 200 people gathered to watch the spectacle, which closed the main road for about 15 minutes.
The mayor of Cardigan, Catrin Miles, lit the oxyacetylene torch to begin the task of cutting down one of the steel supports.
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