Original Watercolour - Ambassador Bridge - Windsor Collection
ORIGINAL PAINTING HAS BEEN SOLD.
11 X 14 PRINTS ARE STILL AVAILABLE
The silhouette of the Ambassador Bridge spanning the Detroit River is a familiar sight for many residents in the City of Windsor .
Opened in 1929, the Ambassador Bridge is the busiest crossing on the Canada–United States border. The four-lane bridge carries more than 10,000 commercial vehicles on a typical weekday. The privately owned bridge carries approximately 25% of trade between Canada and the United States.
The bridge over the Detroit River had the longest suspended central span in the world when it was completed in 1929—1,850 feet (560 m). This record held until the George Washington Bridge between New York and New Jersey opened in 1931. The bridge's total length is 7,500 feet (2,286 m). Construction began in 1927 and was completed in 1929.
This was the last in my “Windsor Collection” of paintings as I prepared for Art in the Park Windsor (2019). This mixed media piece (watercolour and ink) was prepared in a 16 X 20 inch format and is matted to fit into a 24.5 x 29 frame
PRINTS AVAILABLE IN AN 11 X 14 FORMAT - PLEASE INQUIRE
16 x 20 mixed media (watercolour and ink) painting, matted to fit into a 24.5 x 29 frame.
FRAME NOT INCLUDED.
Shipping is available at an additional cost. Please contact me for details.


State Road 46 West Development
Land preparation work continues. Crews are redistributing rubble and reuse materials to raise and flatten the land. Columbus Regional Health is moving forward with our facility and site plans to build a multi-specialty medical office building on a portion of the property, with the goal of having services in place in 2024.
Background: The Clarion hotel went bankrupt and closed in 2018. The property was then made available via a public auction. This land was one of the first larger property investments CRH made in order to position our health system for necessary growth, expansion of services and access for the ever-growing west side of Bartholomew County.
The hotel was in such poor state that it was demolished. You may recall that following the initial purchase of the property, we donated the majority of the former hotels contents to area non-profit agencies as a way to give back to the community.
Columbus Regional Health has been diligent in how that property is cleaned up and positioned for future development. This has added time but it is our priority to be good stewards of that land as we consider future uses of this site and how it can benefit economic growth. We have attempted to be environmentally-friendly as we work with this site and have been able to incorporate the reuse of rubble and construction waste from Interstate 65 projects as fill to help elevate the site out of the flood risk. Likewise, in working with the Army Corps of Engineers, we are replacing the displaced trees and surrounding wetlands at a 4-to-1 ratio.


Who We Are
Maddox Concrete Company, Inc. of Wilmington, Delaware, is a local family-owned business that delivers concrete to masons, contractors, utility companies, and homeowners using our mobile concrete mixer trucks. We produce concrete using the volumetric mixing method.
This mixing method allows us to base your order on quantity — not weight. Instead, we mix and meter our concrete on your site, providing you with fast, dependable service, and always mixing your materials to your exact specifications. Best of all, our drivers and operators have more than 10 years of industry experience, so you know you can count on them for solid, timely service.


At Treasured Spaces, we strive to be your trusted partner through a wide variety of foundation services. Whether you need helical piers for a new construction project or foundation repair, our team of experts will give you (and your house) the necessary support.
Durable and resilient helical piers provide foundational support that your home or commercial building requires. Derived from the term “helix” which describes the integral shape of the pile, they resemble a giant screw being drilled into the ground, sometimes why they’re referred to as a screw pile. There are many benefits of using helical piles, such as quickness of installation, more affordable and an efficient use of space.
When you’re searching for helical pier services, Treasured Spaces is the team to call. Whatever you need, we’ll design a foundation solution that’s perfect for your needs.
For more information on our helical piers or our custom foundation services, contact Treasured Spaces today!
About Treasured Spaces Helical Piers Services
Treasured Spaces is committed to being a loyal partner to each and every client we serve with our broad offering of foundation configurations. With our helical pillar installation, replacement and repair, along with our expert team of construction, engineer and design professionals, we’ll get your foundation healthy again in no time.
Foundation repair and related services are often very challenging, complex problems. That’s why you the expertise of Treasured Spaces to help you through the situation. We’ll lay out all of the problems, solutions, costs and timing, and offer recommendations based on our professional experience. When you choose us, you get a partner that you can trust to deliver a successful project on-time and on-budget.
Helical piers have been around since the mid-1800s, with the screw-like design originally intended for use in sandy soil conditions. In today’s world of construction, helical piers have become a mainstay for home and building foundations, road systems, railroads and much more.
How Do Helical Piers Function?
The purpose of helical piers is to provide support for a new or sinking foundation. These steel pipes are fitted with helices at the end, which are plates that resemble screws. These attached helices pull the pier into position rather than pushing it. The piers are installed in an efficient process that doesn’t require a heavy structure to reach capacity. Rather, they are installed with a handheld hydraulic motor that twists the pier into high density stratum. Because of this, there’s minimal excavation required, noise is kept down and installation can take place inside or outside the home. Once in place, steel brackets are then fitted and take-on the majority of a structure’s weight. Much like a screw supports a shelf, helical piers will support your home or building.
Why Helical Piers?
Helical piers are the preferred choice of the majority of home contractors because they can handle a large variety of load weights, and are ideal for foundational repairs that require angled piering. For example, if a portion of your house is sinking, helicals can lift and provide support for that individual section of the house without relying on its resistance mass. Additionally, these versatile piers can be installed at an angle to straighten and secure a wall that’s starting to bow. When it comes down to it, there are not many residential foundation repairs that this helicals cannot fix.
Another fantastic benefit of helical pillars is the ease of mobility. You can take helicals out whenever you want, or relocate them somewhere else that needs support. For example, lets say you add a third stall on your garage, but there are already piers installed at an angle to support your current garage. Treasured Spaces can relocate the existing piers to support all three stalls, saving you money in the long-run.
Here are a few other reasons that helical piers are often the desired choice of foundation contractors:
-Flexibility. The number of helices can vary based on the job. Added helices strengthen the pier and allow it to break through cumbersome soil composition.
-Broken footings are okay. Helical piers can still use cracked or broken foundation footings unlike their push pier counterparts.
-This system is faster and easier to install, thus reducing the cost of installation.
We Work With You to Deliver the Foundation Solutions You Need
It’s our goal to not only be a customer-focused business, but a sustainability-focused business as well. We employ all of the environmental and safety best practices, along with the highest quality standards in every project that we take on.
Additionally, with the breadth of our experience installing helical pillars, it allows us to provide our customers with the necessary consultative advice, training and engineering support they require throughout the project. Many competitors simply can’t offer something like that.
Treasured Spaces provides real value, quality and high attention to detail to every foundation project we take on. With our experience, first-class professionalism and work ethic, we’re the local contractor in Minnesota that you can trust to get the job done right.
Our team of construction experts bring unmatched drive to helical pier installation to customers throughout the region. We want to supply our talents to every client, giving them a space that they’re proud to call their own. Whether you want to give your home or commercial building more support, Treasured Spaces is the only contractor committed to truly bringing your vision to life.


For a better experience on EFCON Construction, Update Your Browser
EFCON Construction is a construction company based in Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands that was launched in 2016.
EFCON provides commercial, residential, and custom projects. In addition to building homes, we also do decking, boat docks, driveways and also swimming pools.
EFCON Construction has a core foundation of safety, quality, ethics, and integrity.
Our philosophy is to offer real value to its clients and work with them in close and lasting co-operation that provides outstanding performance in relation to the maintenance, innovation and expansion of Cayman's ever changing environment.


The work has not been graded but I like the output that was submitted to me. Is it possible for the same prof to do the next assignment I will be submitting? If possible, I will greatly appreciate it.
Provide a 6 pages analysis while answering the following question: Green Building and Sustainable construction. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Some of the methods used to address the environmental sustainability of a structure involve recycle and reuse of materials, ensuring the building uses renewable energy source or employs energy and water saving methods. Besides the accessibility of the building, can make be used to gauge whether the building is environmental friendly? Buildings, which are far away from transport network, can be considered less environmental friendly.
Sustainable construction involves use of environmental friendly materials for construction. Use of wood from trees, which have been certified by the United States Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is one way of promoting sustainable construction. FSC ensures the trees which are used for construction purpose are replaced and the existing biodiversity is not affected by cutting down of a particular tree. Sustainable construction also involves the use of renewable materials which can be recycled or reused.
While promoting sustainable construction additional materials, which may not be renewable in nature, are used. The purpose of using such materials is to improve the overall performance of the building. A good example is use of plastic to insulate buildings. here plastic is used because of its availability and energy saving nature.
Use of locally available materials is an economical way of saving on cost and reducing pollution of the environment. Transporting materials from another place would require use of means e.g. trains. heavy trucks which would definitely pollute the environment.
When a building use available energy effectively, it is economically and environmentally sustainable. Measures to ensure such state is achieved included use of insulate which prevents loss of heat, use of glass windows on most part of the building to promote natural light penetration thus save on lighting and heating.
Delivering a high-quality product at a reasonable price is not enough anymore.
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You have to be 100% sure of the quality of your product to give a money-back guarantee. This describes us perfectly. Make sure that this guarantee is totally transparent.Read more
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Our most popular service is the design, construction, and management of custom shallow water field impoundments that provide the ultimate in waterfowl habitat and hunting opportunities.
Orion can provide the following services:
- Topographic site survey and computer-aided-design (CAD) of a new impoundment
- Redesign of failed or poorly operating existing impoundments
- Earthmoving, excavating, and seeding to complete a new or renovated impoundment
- Installation of new in-line AGRI-DRAIN water control structures and outlet pipes to provide full drainage of your impoundment


Published on 15 Sep 2023
Located in Aartselaar near Antwerp, the pilot works on the recovery of urban wastewater and sewage sludge.
“Be smart with water. The WalNUT project distinguishes itself for its wide perspective and coverage of the entire supply chain. By doing this, hopefully, we can offer an answer to current and future resource scarcity.”
– Lennert Dockx, Researcher at Aquafin
In the pilot led by Aquafin, raw municipal wastewater (1 m³/day) will be treated through a novel 2-stage technology:
- In the first stage, high-rate activated sludge (HRAS) will focus on the removal of organic matter. Almost no nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) removal will occur due to the low sludge retention time.
- In the second stage, nitrogen will be recovered by using zeolites as adsorption material. Furthermore, the regeneration of the saturated adsorption material will be investigated.
Subsequently, the optimal resource recovery can be selected: straight use of the adsorbent as fertiliser, regeneration and production of a mineral fertiliser, or a combination thereof.
The work of the pilot is not without its challenges: since the connected area of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of Aartselaar is characterised by many rainwater connections on the sewer system, in case of rainy weather, the incoming load would be strongly diluted. By operating the installation on this (quite often diluted) wastewater, the robustness of the investigated technology can be further explored. Therefore, it can be determined what the minimum incoming load should be in order to obtain a stable process.
Furthermore, the Belgian pilot is fully automated, meaning that based on continuous sensor data (e.g., NH4-N) the process is controlled in order to obtain/retain the optimal conditions.
WalNUT partners expect the pilot to showcase the use of recovered nitrogen as part of a circular economy as well as the reduction of nitrous oxide emissions related to the urban wastewater treatment process.
Photo in the text & Gallery: technology allowing the two-stage treatment of raw municipal wastewater (courtesy of Aquafin)
Featured photo: Amritanshu Sikdar via Unsplash
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The foundation of your home is the skeleton of your home – without a regular inspection, to know if it needs a house foundation repair or not, can make this skeleton, your home would be a very unsafe combination of walls and beams with not much support to keep it standing for more than a few years, even with a foundation it can become very unstable if you don’t so a residential foundation repair when needed. The truth is that homes fluctuate and change – they evolve and settle. Without a foundation, your home could settle right into the mud below, which could cause significant damages – not to mention injury. However, sometimes the foundation of our homes can show signs of wear and tear – the floors are uneven, there are cracks in the walls and your doors don’t line up like they used to. If this is the case, you need to make a few repairs before it gets worse. Here are five ways to save money when getting a foundation repair, but a great way to avoid this is by getting the proper house underpinning done when the house is first getting built.
- Use wire mesh to support uneven and degraded foundation walls. Carbon-fiber mesh is often a lot more inexpensive than other methods of reinforcing a compromised foundation. When it comes down to it, anchors and braces can cost two to three times as much money. Carbon-fiber mesh can be used to support and keep your foundation balanced and even – not to mention, it can also fill out degraded foundation walls.
- If you notice that your foundation is overly dry, make sure that you provide moisture to the soil along the perimeter of your home’s foundation wall. Oftentimes, a lack of moisture can cause stress on your foundation, which causes the foundation to become dry and brittle. While a foundation repair company, like Dura Pier foundation repair, can add new cement, you want to see what you can do on your own. When it comes down to it, making sure that your soil is moist is an important step.
- Use pre-built or cast cement piles to replace compromised foundation pillars with a new proper foundation forms. When it comes down to it, custom build foundation pillars can cost a fortune. However, you can just as easily find pre-cast foundation pillars that can serve the same function – at a fraction of the price. The reason why custom built foundation pillars are so expensive is because they must be built for your home and a lot of labor costs can go into the process.
- Consult with an engineer. Before you spend a fortune on foundation repair Dayton, be sure to talk to an engineer about all your possibilities. An engineer may find that soil stabilization can fix your foundation issues. A consultation will be expensive up front, but it will certainly be worth it. A consultation could save you thousands of dollars, so why not invest in the initial cost. When it comes down to it, you don’t want to make a repair that doesn’t need to be made.
- You need to have a foundation repair sooner rather than later with the help from foundation repairs Melbourne. When you start to notice the tell-tale symptoms that your foundation needs to be repaired, you need have the situation remedied immediately. If you wait even a few weeks, a foundation repair that was a small, inexpensive problem could turn into a big, expensive problem. So, make sure that you remain attentive.


To understand the portable hydraulic machines you are required to understand Hydraulic Machines first so let’s get started into the analytical study of Hydraulic Machines. So Hydraulic machines are a liquid fluid to operate the task and emerging operations for construction purposes and automobiles can be said as the most common example of hydraulic machines. In this type of machine, hydraulic fluid and oil are pumped into various hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders to the machine system to create pressure to prevent current resistance. The fluid can be controlled automatically by control valves and distributed through hoses, tubes, and/or pipes.
The hydraulic machine includes so many positive displacement and non-positive displacement devices that can be used in various engineering and manufacturing industries to fulfill their multi-purpose requirement and thus the term called hydraulic machine can be used in both the field either it is of engineering field or manufacturing fields. Hydraulic machines include hydraulic pump and hydraulic motors.
Throughout the conversation of hydraulics now we can understand what Hydraulic Machines are so let’s get started into hydraulic which are portable it can be both portables or can be fixed depends on the usability of it hydraulics can be operated. Portable hydraulic tools are human labors who can operate it and can lift the equipment where it has been used.
Examples of portable Hydraulic Machines
1. Hand pumps: A most common portable hydraulic machine can be hand pumps are the simplest and most economical type of pump that can have been used for engineering purposes. In such cases where hazardous is being practices, portable Hydraulic Machines would be the best option, can be move according to the need generated by the project. The hand-operated pump is available in different sizes ranging from small size single speed devices, for about 5 to 7 kgs and can be larger about 45 kg.
2. Electric pumps: This portable device can be electrically Run. The major factor you can find in this type of electric pumps is they are available in different sizes and run on voltage and reservoir capacity. And these Motors come in versatile options that are heat exchangers, valves and actuators cottages are available in different variable options that you can choose according to your needs. These portable devices also come with that can regulate oil temperature at a Safer level so that mishappenings can be avoided.
3. Air pumps: Like hand power pumps, the airpower pumps easy to use, portable, as they are really light in weight atoms are available in so many sizes you can carry according to your needs and operations. Along with all these the main advantages you will find in air pumps is that they are so safe to use and also any kind of hazardous electrical current, and power socket. Can we operate by anon professional too? This pumps offering you great performance wet cost-effectiveness they are at really low cost and also are speedy while operation.
so with the whole discussion, you can able to choose your portable to bring to your operational needs. There are various types of operations are been operated throughout the engineering field show all those machines which are portable or non-portable allows you to pick machines and tools according to your needs.
Classification of hydraulic pumps
1. non-positive displacement pumps: If you go through the deep understanding of hydraulic pumps then you will find that there are two basic types of pumps which are nonpositive and positive displacement pumps so firstly will discuss nonpositive displacement pumps. so let’s get into the study non-positive displacement has produced continuous flow because it does not provide any positive internal seal against slippage, so the output that is considered according to pressure varies. You will be amazed to know that in a non-positive displacement pump is a block of then it would be rise and output would be decreased to zero.
2. positive displacement pump: in positive displacement, you will find volumetric output flow it means when it is plugged the pressure would be increased constantly of pumping element.


(CNN) Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta recently laid the foundation stone for what will be the tallest building in Africa, “The Pinnacle”, in the Upper Hill neighborhood of Nairobi. Construction is underway at the development site and slated for completion by December 2019.
The Pinnacle has heavyweight backing in the shape of Dubai-based investors Hass Petroleum and White Lotus Group, which are ploughing around $200 million into the project.
The contract to build the towers has been awarded to China State Construction Engineering Corporation (CSCEC), which is among the world’s largest construction firms and has delivered a string of major projects including the African Union headquarters in Ethiopia and the Beijing National Aquatics Centre.
The complex will house a 255-room Hilton Hotel, the luxury chain’s third in Kenya and 50th in Africa. The towers will also include elite residences, business and leisure facilities, and a helipad on the roof of the taller tower.
Stakeholders are confident that the development has found the right location.
“Whatever happens in other parts of the world can happen in Africa as well,” says Abdinassir Hassan, chairman of Hass Petroleum and managing director of the project. “Nairobi is a hub for East and Central Africa. Why would we go anywhere else?”
Hassan says there is already a clamor for properties on the site, and that this will be “the first of several developments in Kenya” for his company.
Hilton executives are also bullish, noting in a statement that the Upper Hill area is now home to offices of major international businesses and organizations including Cisco Systems and the World Bank.


2014.3-2014.6: Visiting scholar, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Boston, U.S.
2011-2015: D., Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong
2008–2011: S., Department of Construction Management and Real Estate, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
2004–2008: S., Department of Engineering Management, Hunan University, Changsha, P.R. China
2016/06 – Now: Assistant Professor, School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, China
His research interest includes Public Private Partnerships, governance, and sustainability. He is a PPP expert in the National Development and Reform Commission of China.
2018.12-2019.12: Public Private Partnerships towards Sustainable Urbanization, The Excellence Young Academic of Shanghai, China (NSFC), 30,000, Director.
2017.12-2020.12: Enhancing the efficiency of renegotiations in Public Private Partnerships Projects, The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), 200,000, Director.
2014.12-2018.12: Renegotiation and early termination of Public Private Partnerships Projects: An Incomplete Contract Perspective, The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), 600,000, Core Member.
2009.12-2011.03: Investigation of Residual Value Risk in Public Private Partnerships Projects, The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), 180,000, Participant.
Xiong W., Chen B., Wang H., Zhu D. (2018) “Transaction Hazards and Governance Mechanisms in Public Private Partnerships: A Comparative Study of Two Cases.” Public Performance & Management Review. (SSCI)
Xiong W., Chen B., Wang H., Zhu D. (2018) “Governing public-private partnerships: a systematic review of case study literature.” Australian Journal of Public Administration. (SSCI)
Xiong W., Zhao X., Wang H., (2018) “Information Asymmetry of Renegotiations in Public Private Partnerships Projects.” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering.” 32 (4) (SCI)
Feng K.，Wang S.， Li N.， Wu C., Xiong W., (2018) “Balancing public and private interests through optimization of concession agreement design for user-pay PPP projects.” Journal of Civil Engineering and Management. 24 (2):116-129. (SCI)
Wang H., Xiong W., Chen B., Wu G., (2018) “Commercial investment in public–private partnerships: the impact of contract characteristics.” Policy & Politics. (SSCI).
Feng K., Xiong W., Wu C., Wang S. (2017) “Optimizing an Equity Capital Structure Model for Public–Private Partnership Projects Involved with Public Funds.“ Journal of Construction Engineering & Management, 143(9):04017067. (SCI)
Wang H., Xiong W.*, Wu G., Zhu D.. (2017). Public–private partnership in Public Administration discipline: a literature review[J]. Public Management Review. (Corresponding author，SSCI)
Xiong, W., Zhao, X. (2017). “Ex Post Risk Management in Public Private Partnerships Infrastructure Projects.” Project Management Journal, 48(3):76-89. (SSCI)
Xiong, W., Zhang, X. (2015). “The Real Option Value of Renegotiation in Public Private Partnerships.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 04016021. (SCI)
Xiong, W., Zhang, X., Chen H. (2015). “Early Termination Compensation in Public Private Partnerships Projects.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 04015098. (SCI)
Xiong, W., Yuan J., Li Q., Skibniewski, M. (2015). “Performance Objective-based Dynamic Adjustment Model to Balance the Stakeholders’ Satisfaction in PPP Projects.” Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 21(5): 539–547. (SCI)
Xiong, W., Zhang, X. (2014). “Concession Renegotiation Models for Projects Developed through Public Private Partnerships.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 140(5): 04014008. (SCI)
Zhang, X., Xiong, W. (2016). “Renegotiation and Early Termination in Public Private Partnerships Projects.” International Journal of Architecture, Engineering and Construction, 4(4):19-28.
Yuan J., Chan, A. P. C., Xiong, W., Li Q. (2013). “The Perception of Residual Value Risk in PPP projects: A Critical Review.” Journal of Management in Engineering, 31(3), 04014041. (SCI)
Yuan J., Chan, A. P. C., Xia, B., Skibniewski, M., Xiong, W., Ji, C. “Cumulative Effects on the Change of Residual Value in PPP Projects: A Comparative Case study.” Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 05015006. (SCI)
Xiong, W., Zhang, X. (2014). “Compensation Approaches for Early Termination of PPP Projects.” Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate 721-729 January 2014, Shenzhen, China
Xiong, W., Zhang, X. (2012). “Decision-Making Process for Serious Risk Scenarios in Transport Public Private Partnerships.” The 25th KKCNN Symposium on Civil Engineering 22-24 October 2012, Busan, Korea
Xiong, W., Yuan, J., Li Q. (2009). “The Price Adjustment Mechanism of PPP Project Based on the Objective Management Theory.” Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 22-24 October 2009, Nanjing, China
ADD：Tongji Building A, Siping Road 1500, SHANGHAI 200092


The evolution of the Parker River Bridge (Route 1A)
Bridges come, bridges go.
This one once carried cattle and trolleys, now it carries bicycles and autos.
It once had 7 piers, then 4, now 2.
Constructed of wood, and of stone, then of concrete, then steel,
and all made by muscle.
One lane, two lanes, three lanes, four lanes,
they open they close.
They let water flow one way, boats flow two.
|Wood and Stone Structure. Seven piers. Post mark 1902|
|Reinforced concrete. Four piers. Circa 1934. Photo 2006.|
(note the netting to protect boaters from falling concrete)
Concrete and steel. Two piers. Circa 2009. Photo 2010.
What will be here next?


Housing Crunch Scuttles North York Parking lot PlanSource: www.thestar.com
Controversial plans to bulldoze some vacant Eglinton Ave. West homes to make way for a new city parking lot are officially on hold as city staff determine if affordable housing can be built there.
However Mike Colle, the local councillor, is still hopeful some new parking will emerge, saying businesses in the Eglinton-Caledonia Rd. have been hit hard by disruptions due to Eglinton Crosstown transit construction and spots at 2204-2212 Eglinton would help them stay afloat.
“Perhaps what we could do is combine the housing with some parking so that we’re providing housing, plus we’re keeping (businesses) alive,” Colle (Ward 8 Eglinton-Lawrence) told reporters Tuesday after the announcement of $2.3 million in federal summer jobs funding.
“There is desperation in this … ” for businesses, he said. “We want the parking plus the housing.”
Mayor John Tory, who on Monday joined calls from advocates for affordable housing to pause the parking lot plan, said Tuesday he is not ruling out some parking at the site “below or above or somehow contained within a development that also contains a substantial amount of affordable housing. “The principal focus should be on the affordable housing, near transit, not on parking near transit. So it’s one of those things where I just think this was a time to stop and reset,” Tory said.
Amplifying concerns over the L-shaped property — a two-level, four-unit apartment building, a commercial building and single-family home at adjacent 601 Caledonia, bought by the city since 2013 — is Toronto’s housing crisis with skyrocketing prices and scant affordable rentals.
Earlier this year Tory launched a program called Housing Now that aims to kick-start construction of affordable rental homes on surplus city land, through a new city agency called CreateTO.
Mark Richardson, a Toronto housing and open data advocate, first raised the alarm over the 24-spot Green P plan, questioning use of the site, and others, on the website HousingNowTO.com.
On Tuesday the Toronto Parking Authority board voted to pause construction plans and have city staff report back. as early as September, with options for the site.
The Star has learned that parking authority plans to tear down another home to build a parking lot, at 186 Caribou Rd. in the Lawrence Ave. W.-Bathurst St. area, are also on hold. City staff earlier said the parking authority had applied to knock down a bungalow and build a 21-space lot.
On Tuesday, city staff said “the file is on hold. There is no development application at this time.”
With files from Jennifer PagliaroDavid Rider is the Star’s City Hall bureau chief and a reporter covering Toronto politics. Follow him on Twitter: @dmrider


San Ramon is Installing an Iron Horse Crossing Bridge- by Jason Kerner
The San Ramon Iron Horse Trail Overcrossing Project is in progress.
How does this impact us? For those of us who travel to and from the 680 freeway using Bollinger, we frequently have to stop to let pedestrian traffic across the street. With the increase of population in the Dougherty Valley and the new San Ramon City Center, traffic will be more prevalent. The Iron Horse Train Overcrossing Project is an ideal solution for keeping the flow of traffic moving on Bollinger Canyon Road.
The goals of the Iron Horse Overcrossing Project is:
According to the City of San Ramon, the following goals will be accomplished by the project:
- To improve safety by eliminating conflicts between pedestrians/bicycles and vehicles;
- Improve vehicular traffic flow by removing the at-grade crossings;
- Reduce/eliminate jaywalking;
- Enhance safety by providing an environment that encourages pedestrian and bicycle usage along the Iron Horse Trail; and
- Increase trail use by nearby schools by improving safety at the Bollinger Canyon Road and Crow Canyon Road crossings.
When is the bridge going to be built?
The City has planned for the bridge to begin construction in 2020. They have not publicized any completion dates. However, most of the planning phase is already complete.
What will the bridge look like?
There are several bridge designs that are circulating. Apparently, there were 21 original designs. Now, we are down to 2 final designs. The City of San Ramon will decide on the final design. Click here to preview the 2 final designs: Bollinger Bridge Design
Who is funding this project?
The bridge will cost an estimated $14M. The City has secured $12M in grant funding from Contra Costa Measure J program and with a Priority Development Area Grant. The rest will come from the City of San Ramon.
If you would like more information regarding this project, please go to http://www.ci.san-ramon.ca.us/
San Ramon homes
If you are looking for a home in San Ramon, contact Jason Kerner Broker/Realtor at 925-400-7007. For more information about the San Ramon community, check out http://kernerhomes.com/san-ramon-community-details/


AEM Group implements innovative, cost effective remedial strategies for soil, groundwater, air, indoor air, and other media. We work closely with our customers to determine the most appropriate remedial program. Our experienced staff complete turnkey projects that include conceptual design, installation, and operations and maintenance (O&M) of remedial systems including: monitored natural attenuation, soil vapor extraction, dual phase extraction, groundwater extraction, non-aqueous phase liquid removal, bioremediation and bioventing, air sparging, in-situ chemical oxidation, soil vapor intrusion, and soil excavation.
♦ Brownfields remediation
♦ CERCLA program management
♦ Sustainable and green remediation
♦ Remedial design and action
♦ Operations and maintenance
♦ Vapor intrusion investigations and mitigation


Our civil engineering services for construction work cover planning, designing and construction of access roads, bridges, buildings, compounds, water and sewage, distribution systems, storage tanks, drill locations with associated facilities. We implement cost-effective and efficient civil engineering and construction engineering practices to meet the requirements, within the budget and time constraints.
- A complete range of professional and cost-effective civil engineering services including construction management, primary surveying and, planning from a single source
- Faster turnaround for rapid execution of construction engineering projects
- A team of qualified civil engineers who have complete knowledge of standards and regulations works with the topmost companies in the region.
- Use of advanced technologies and applications to make the process fast and accurate.
- Following engineering standards to evaluate every factor that might influence the project
- Expertise in planning small to large and complex civil engineering projects
- Attention to detail and problem solving approach


Celebrates topping out of new facility
Construction workers have the tradition of a ceremony and celebration for the “topping out” of a building. It is a milestone in the construction process to reach the highest point of the building’s frame. The Scott & White Hospital – College Station hit that mark Thursday, February 9, 2012.
Construction workers signed their names to the last steel girder; officials and guests of the health care system added their signatures as well, and the steel beam was hoisted into place. The beam and signatures are now a permanent part of what will be a six-story, 119-bed acute care hospital when it opens in the summer of 2013.
(If you are having trouble viewing the video, click here.)
The pace of construction now picks up, as the number of workers increase to handle all of the intricate details required in building the 365,000- square-feet modern hospital.
The hospital is being built at the intersection of Texas Highway 6 and Rock Prairie Road in College Station, Texas.


UAE Announces Tough New Traffic
Rules and Fines
Road safety has become an issue of serious concern in the UAE. The country has an excellent infrastructure when it comes to the road transport network. However, for traffic to be smooth, everyone needs to drive safely and sensibly so that there are no delays due to accidents that are caused due to bad judgment and human error.
A Gulf News report that was published in February last year said that the top causes of accidents in the UAE are sudden swerving/lane change, misjudgment, not maintaining a safe distance, entering roads even when they are not clear, speeding, lack of attention, jumping red lights, lack of lane discipline. All these points to the need for stricter enforcement of traffic rules in order to increase the safety and comfort of motorists in general.


House owners must always observe the roofing of the house to ensure the safety of the family members. If you can notice that there are dark areas, then it is time to have your roof repaired. The roof of your house must be inspected on a yearly basis to ensure that it is in a good condition. If the house does not have a good ventilation, hot air will be entrapped on the roof which can cause peeling of the paint. Find more information by clicking this link about the advantages of roof inspection..
Some leaks on the roof are hard to locate so you will need a professional service.
Once you notice that there are water marks on your roof, it is the time to call a specialist already because the issue might lead to a bigger problem. The best roofing company in Syracuse guarantees you that they can be able to repair the damages on your roof in an efficient manner. You don’t have to worry because companies provide a lifetime warranty for the rain gutters to ensure that your roof will be in a good condition. Since the weather always changes, the roof is always affected because it is the exterior part of the house.
Some people might not have enough knowledge how to repair the roof that’s why it is essential to get an advice from the roofing specialist. A roofing contractor can provide the right roofing systems and materials which you need. The professional roofer can advice you if a new roof is needed. After telling the contractor all the details about your roof, he can already give you a quotation.
You can ask for your own copy of the warranty. All the details included can be written down so that there will be no confusions between the client and the company. Furthermore, you can also find the comments of their previous clients so you will be able to know about the quality of work the company offers. Aside from the website, you can also visit their office it is just near your house so you can talk to the professional contractor personally. A house with a sturdy roof will cause the family to be secured from the possible accidents caused by the nature.
We can gain lots of benefits from a professional contractor. We will not have to worry if our old roof will be replaced with a new one. It is the responsibility of the house owner or the building owner to hire a professional contractor to check the roof of the establishment. Once you have your roof repaired, you will be feel more secured and comfortable in your house.


Infrabel is the Belgian railway infrastructure manager. Our mission is to support the on-going development of a sustainable mobility and to offer the best solution to our clients. We meet the needs of the railway operators that transport passengers or goods by planning and managing in real time the rail capacity on our 3614 km-railways. Over 10 000 staff work every day to maintain, build and improve a reliable railway network in Belgium that meets the challenges of sustainable mobility focusing on safety and punctuality.
“As infrastructure and capacity manager, we are convinced that the future of mobility will be the result of new cross-cutting collaborations with existing and future mobility actors from a large range of sectors, bringing together their expertise to innovate. One key success factor is to go from silos to a fully integrated ecosystem of mobility which offers end-to-end solutions, triggered by the customers’needs”, said Benoît Gilson, CEO of Infrabel


SIP Housing and Passive Houses
Our housing division specialises in the design, engineering and manufacture of new build homes using SIPs (Structural Insulated Panels). The many benefits of using this energy efficient system can be found here. Along with our Passive House Registered architect, we are also able to offer a full Passive House certified building process in Scotland, from design to full build process, through to final certification.
Gabion Baskets and Retaining walls
As core part of our Civil Engineering division we are one of Scotland’s leading Gabion Basket suppliers and installers. We can offer a full Design, Supply and Install service with full indemnified design if required. We carry out small domestic works right up to large commercial contracts for Local Authorities.
We also stock a large number of gabions and geotextiles for supply only contracts.
We also provide general Civil engineering services including ground works, basement constructions, bridge repairs etc.
LATEST NEWS – 2017
- Structural Timber Magazine Article Read more »
- Perth showroom. Read more »
- SIPs extension to a highlands cottage. Read more »
- A fabulous roundhouse in Angus, the build is well underway. Read more »
- Finalists in the Herald’s Family Business Awards Awards 2016! Read more »
- Loch View, Bernera, Isle of Lewis. Read more »
- Gabion retaining wall in Southampton. Read more »
- Beautiful location for a spectacular roundhouse. Read more »
- Exciting news – we have been shortlisted by The Courier Business Awards 2016 for their Growth Business Award! Read more »
- SIPs house in Beauly. Read more »
- JML Contracts – Winner of Best Scottish Building Contractor at the Scottish Home Improvement Awards! Read more »
- SIPs house underway in Glamis. Read more »
- Gabion retaining wall for residential site. Read more »
- Another SIP house leaves today for the Isle of Harris. Read more »
- Constructing a Biomass boiler house in Perthshire
Read more »
- Completed Holiday Cottage in Aberlour, Speyside
Read more »


Are you in need of some new building site equipment or safety measures to protect your workers? With products ranging including ladders, barrier fencing, scaffolding tags, and scissor lifts, we guarantee we’ll have exactly what you need! We deliver our safety & construction equipment to building sites across England, Scotland, and Wales so for us, shipping to your location is never an issue! We're based around Yorkshire, proudly serving our local customers in Doncaster, Lincoln, and Hull, delivering the highest-quality building site equipment anywhere in Yorkshire, UK, and online.
Our Popular Products
Buy Scaffolding Tags and Ladders Yorkshire & UK
Our range of building site equipment includes a wide selection of ladders, ladder and scaffolding tags for multiple purposes, full tag kits and safety tag inserts. Readily available from our online option of building site equipment, ranging from single tags to packs of 50. View our full collection of ladder and scaffolding tags HERE. Get your UK building site ready for work! Whether you're based in Doncaster, Hull, further out in Yorkshire, or across the UK: get in touch today for premium scaffolding tags and ladders.
Barrier Fencing UK
With products from temporary fence couplers to anti-climb temporary fence panels, our catalogue of barrier fencing equipment is second to none. Our 2m chapter 8 orange barrier fencing is particularly effective in providing Covid-19 safe walking routes for pedestrians and is a popular choice from many of our clients. Take a look at our product range of barrier fencing HERE. You won't find better barrier fencing anywhere around Yorkshire, so if you're based in Doncaster, Lincoln, or Hull, and are looking to add barrier fencing to your UK building site, head over to our shop.
We work with the best to give you the best
We deal with the best manufacturers to source the most effective and reliable safety and construction equipment for you. To view our full collection of construction site products and trust us to provide you with the correct equipment, visit our Product Ranges page.
Safety Lights UK
Need to work through the night? With our selection of safety lights, night-working on your building site will never be an issue! Our products range from small barrier fence lights to super silent lighting towers. Have a look at our full collection of safety lights HERE.
Building Equipment Yorkshire, UK
If you are looking for the best building equipment in the UK including England, Scotland, and Wales, then look no further. Our building site products are only sourced from the highest-quality manufacturers, ensuring optimal safety and efficiency. Browse through our stock of elite building equipment for the UK on our PRODUCTS PAGE, including staple building site equipment such as ladders, grit bins, adjustable steel trestles, and Alphabloc barriers. Prepare your building site with the best building equipment available, from Doncaster to Hull, passing through Lincoln, and further across Yorkshire and the UK.
Adjustable Steel Trestles UK
Our top-of-the-range adjustable steel trestles are a staple to building equipment for your home or commercial building site. The adjustable sizes allow you to reach heights safely and efficiently, without compromising on price. The lightweight design allows for ease of transport, with excellent build quality to ensure reliability — you won’t look back after buying these adjustable steel trestles made from tubular steel.
Credit Account Customers and Hiring Services
If you are interested in opening a credit account with us, then please get in touch via


We bring people and places together
TRAZA focuses its activity on improving the relationship between people and the places in which they live, providing solutions to make cities and territories more liveable. The company has experience in the design and implementation of projects, environmental and social consultancy, research, and teaching.
Our team is committed to the search for alternatives to the current urban model based on sustainability and equity. Addressing the challenges of cities means improving the quality of life of people while rethinking the relationship with natural and artificial ecosystems.
More information is available in the company’s dossier.


- This event has passed.
Waterfront Toronto Science Fair
Saturday, March 7, 2020 @ 11:00 am - 2:00 pmFree
Celebrate National Engineering Month with members of the Port Lands Flood Protection project team. Drop-in with your future engineers, planners, technologists, architects and scientists for hands-on activities and science experiments from the team behind one of Canada’s biggest construction projects. This is a free drop-in event for children of all ages. You’ll learn about designing and building bridges, roads and parks – and the creation of a new river.
Find out more here!


U.S. Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith is praising the release of a final U.S. Army Corps of Engineers environmental document that outlines the flood reduction and environmental benefits of its new Proposed Plan to address catastrophic flooding in the South Mississippi Delta.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on Friday morning released a Notice of Availability in the Federal Register for the “Final Supplement No. 2 to the 1982 Yazoo Area Pump Project Final Environmental Impact Statement.” The Corps will post the final SEIS and accompanying appendices here: https://www.mvk.usace.army.mil/missions/programs-and-project-management/project-management/yazoo-backwater-report/
“The release of this environmental report represents significant progress toward providing residents of the South Mississippi Delta the flood protection promised by the federal government for eight decades,” said Hyde-Smith, who has spearheaded this effort since becoming a U.S. Senator.
“With the information provided in the Corps’ Final Environmental Impact Statement, there is no justifiable reason to oppose the new Proposed Plan,” she said. “After extensive review, the Corps has determined that it will reduce annual flood damages, and provide net gains in environmental value to the entire Yazoo Backwater Area.”
In the final environmental impact statement, the Corps concludes, “that the Proposed Plan as designed would benefit low-income and minority populations in the Yazoo Study Area. The vast majority of structures and homes would be better protected from flooding, there would be a discernible economic benefit separate from agricultural benefits, and the negative effects of extended duration backwater flooding on aquatic resources, wildlife, and recreational resources would be dampened.”
The Proposed Plan in the Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement outlines:
- A new location for the pump station, approximately eight miles northeast of the 2007 proposed location);
- A system operated by natural gas rather than diesel to reduce the carbon footprint;
- The installation of 34 groundwater wells to re-establish flows for fish species in approximately 9,321 acres of streams; and
- The acquisition and reforestation of 5,105 acres of agricultural lands for the purposes of enhancing wetlands, terrestrial, aquatic, and waterfowl resources.
A November 30 EPA Region 4 letter to the Corps regarding the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement stated, “The EPA fully supports the purpose of the project to reduce flood damages in the Yazoo Backwater Area. EPA has determined that the proposed project is not subject to EPA’s 2008 Final Determination.”
Hyde-Smith, who serves on the Senate appropriations subcommittee with jurisdiction over the Corps, expressed gratitude to the Corps for its diligence in renewing the prospect for flood control for an area that has experienced significant flooding in nine of the last 10 years. The historic 2019 flood caused two deaths, hundreds of millions of dollars in damages, flooded over 600 homes, and severely affected wildlife and the environment.
“I commend Commander Colonel Robert Hilliard, Project Manager Kent Parrish, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Vicksburg District for their swift and thorough work in completing the extensive environmental documentation mandated by law for water resources projects,” Hyde-Smith said.
“Seeing firsthand the disruptions the backwater flooding has on the lives of Mississippians has made this my top priority from day one. On my first day in office as a United States Senator, more than 300,000 acres were under water, and I am pleased with the progress we have made on this effort thus far,” she said.
As a member of the Senate Appropriations Committee, Hyde-Smith worked to secure $1.5 million in FY2020 appropriations legislation to fund the Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement announced in the Federal Register on Friday.
The post Final Environmental Impact Statement for Yazoo Backwater Pumps released appeared first on News Mississippi.


Request for Qualifications (RFQ) for Professional Design-Build Services Portsmouth Skatepark
The City of Portsmouth is seeking proposals from experienced skatepark design-build teams to provide services to plan, produce schematic design, final design and construct a reinforced concrete skatepark complex at Weghorst Park in the City of Portsmouth.
The City of Portsmouth has secured funding from the Ohio Development Service Agency and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources for the new construction of an 11,200 square foot skatepark on Madison Street, Portsmouth, Ohio. The successful team will be required to coordinate with the Army Corps of Engineers to evaluate various design constraints with respect to the levy and floodplain regulations.
SCOPE OF SERVICES
The scope will include design services, cost estimates, and preparation of construction documents related to the design and construction of a skatepark at Weghorst Park, Portsmouth, Ohio. The scope of design-build work includes engineering, landscape architecture, hydraulic/hydrologic evaluations environmental assessments and mitigation, boundary surveying, topographic and existing condition surveying, earth work, erosion control and soil stabilization, pollution prevention, geotechnical testing, lighting design, construction and other professional and technical services will be included as (sub) consultants in the team.
The ideal design-build team shall include:
Experienced Skatepark Designers, Landscape Architects, Hydraulic and Hydrology Engineers, Geotechnical, Environmental, Structural and Civil Engineers and construction personnel capable of building the project as designed. List the proposed sub-consultants under consideration for the team, including a brief description of their qualifications. Include an organization chart showing the relationship of the prime firm and sub-consultants. Identify persons on the design team with credentials listing applicable credentials and state of licensure.
• A mix of elements including; but not limited to, rails, quarter and/or half-pipes, bowls, ramps, boxes, etc. that are conducive to a wide range of skill and abilities
• Seating areas for spectators
• Water fountain/bottle filling area
The selection process will consist of two phases, the "Qualification Statement, and the Proposal” the City's selection committee will short list no more than three firms from the Qualification Statement, per the criteria listed in the RFQ and then issue the Request for Proposals to those firms. The purpose of the Proposal is to provide the short-listed firms the opportunity to submit additional information for further clarification and amplification of the information provided in the Qualification Statement. The City's selection committee will rank the firms in order of preference for determination of the most qualified firm for the Project based on the evaluation criteria. The highest ranked firm will be asked to submit a fee proposal to begin contract negotiations.
Acceptance of evaluation methodology:
By submitting its Qualification Statement in response to this RFQ submitters accepts the evaluation process as outlined below and acknowledges and accepts that determination of the most qualified firm offering the best value to the City may require subjective judgments by the owner.
All information, documentation, and other materials submitted in response to his solicitation are considered non-confidential and/or non-proprietary and are subject to public disclosure
The City of Portsmouth is not responsible for the non-receipt of Submittals sent by mail or courier. Submitters are cautioned to submit a complete response to all requirements.
Subsequent to the issuance of this RFQ, the City of Portsmouth reserves the right to amend it, waive any requirement or irregularity, request modifications to submittals, providing all firms are treated equally, and reject any and all qualification statements for any reason. The City of Portsmouth further reserves the right to award the contract for this project as deemed in its best interest, and to request changes in the composition of any team.
Submitters are requested to provide one hard copy or one digital copy of their submittal for Professional Services for Portsmouth Skatepark Project to: [email protected] or The City of Portsmouth, Office of Community Development 728 Second Street Portsmouth, Ohio 45662 by 10:00 a.m. on Wednesday, April 29, 2020.
Submittals should be organized as follows:
1. Specific expertise in areas pertinent to the project
2. Capabilities, resources and responsiveness:
A. Staffing size, current workload, availability
B. Staffs areas of expertise.
C. Experience with other skate park projects
D. History of meeting deadlines
E. History of staying within budget
F. Expertise of project manager and project team
G. Past performance on City and other contracts
H. Current financial capability
3. Approach to the project:
A. Plan proposed adequately answers questions
B. Proper attention given to critical issues
C. Familiarity with circumstances surrounding project
D. Three client references from similar projects within the last 10 years
EVALUATION CRITERIA Total Points
1. Qualifications to undertake the project 25 points
2. Staffing capabilities 15 points
3. Project experience specific to the project 25 points
4. Abilities to produce innovative solutions to resolve unique problems 25 points
5. Project team organization for providing services required for the project 10 points
Any inquiries or concerns regarding the specified Request for Qualifications procedures or processes shall be directed to [email protected]


During the 53rd Polavaram review held in the Secretariat, the Chief Minister enquired the progress of all priority projects in the state. In the list of the 21 projects that were added to the list of priority projects last week, the Chief Minister added 2 more: Gundarevula Reservoir and the modernisation of the left and right main canals of Thotapalli project.
The Polavaram Irrigation Project has reached an overall progress of 54%, officials reported to the Chief Minister. This includes the head works, the Right Main Canal and the Left Main Canal.
70% of the excavation for the spillway and spill channel has been completed, i.e., 778.8 lakh cubic metres out of 1,115.59 lakh cubic metres. 34% of the concreting for the spillway and the stilling basin is completed, accounting for 5.57 lakh cubic metres out of 16.39 lakh cubic metres.
This week, 1.26 lakh cubic metre of earthwork was excavated, and 17,000 cubic metres of concrete was laid for the spillway and stilling basin. 18.8 metres of the diaphragm wall was also completed this week.
Overall, 41.2% of the head works have been completed. Other main components of the dam that have shown consistent progress are the diaphragm wall (72%), radial gates (58%) and the jet grouting for the Coffer dam (78%).
The Chief Minister also presented Keller Ground Engineering Pvt. Ltd. with an award for completing a significant amount of the Ground Engineering works of the Polavaram Irrigation Project. The award was given to the company by the Construction Industry Development Council at the 10th CIDC Vishwakarma Awards 2018.
Monday marks the completion of 30 days since the 116-day programme, ‘Jalasamrakshana Udyamam’ began. Officials from Neeru Pragati presented the progress report of the programme, and informed the Chief Minister that works worth ₹247 crore have been completed.
These activities include desilting, restorations of MI tanks, tank feeder channels, check dams, farm ponds, major and minor irrigation canals and drains. They have also conducted workshops to sensitise people about water conservation in districts that are prone to drought.
The Chief Minister asked officials to keep the pace and progress of the programme high and consistent.


PLF Limited was formed as a brickwork subcontractor in 1996 working in and around the North West of England and has continuously traded to the present day. We pride ourselves in our work and do everything possible to ensure the quality and service provided is the best we can offer.
We carry out all aspects of masonry works including brickwork, blockwork, stonework, masonry support, and windposts.
Our stance is quality over quantity. Whilst we are not the largest masonry contractor by turnover this is due to selectively choosing the correct projects to carry out based on our current work commitments, location, and size.
We continuously work with the same contractors and believe that our projects prove our ability technically and physically to carry out any project of any size providing the parameters are correct.
We understand the need for cost certainty and control, as a result, we carry out all projects lump sum based on drawings and specifications executed as deeds or contracts via any building contract governed under UK Law i.e JCT or NEC.


UK based project managers and construction specialists
IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE COUNTS
Differentiated by our broad based International Engineering experience in heavy industrial, commercial and residential sectors we thrive on large scale projects that require diverse ways of thinking and creative solutions.
With 20+ years experience in all aspects of construction, from road and sewer installation, foundation design, up to and including full building development
We have experience serving as a clients single point of contact to offer a full suite of project management services
We strive to develop and evolve our clients designs and ideas from inception through to project completion.
A VARIETY OF SERVICES TO MEET YOUR PROJECT’S NEEDS
What We Offer
Belief in sustainable and ethical construction practices
We care for each other and create a safe and respectful working environment
We believe in sustainable construction and utilise environmentally friendly technologies and equipment
We support the local economy, charitable groups, and have local recruitment policies.
We offer local and international expertise and full construction management:
What Makes Us Different
Professional construction services with engineering expertise
We believe that our clients are a fundamental part of the design process and we collaborate. Construction is a process which consists of assembling or building infrastructure.
Discover why companies nationally use our services
What our clients are saying about our company projects and products
Progress your ideas into designs


Technology is constantly evolving, and for the construction business, it’s bringing with it an era of fundamental change.
VR, AR and MR technology have the potential to change how large-scale construction projects are realised. Immersing workers in a virtual environment is streamlining projects large and small and is aiding teams across every phase of the typical Project Information Model (PIM). Virtual Reality is enabling design teams to plan, review designs and work with stakeholders to minimise the potential impact of complex and delicate schemes. Meanwhile, similar technology is used in depots and trade schools to train workers to operate dangerous machinery and plan site safety. Even on-site, Augmented Reality, and Mixed Reality is providing a springboard to a new era of efficiency. Remote tech and wearables are enabling crews in the field to access and understand design details in real-time, visualise and work around existing power infrastructure and minimise mistakes and errors that slow completion and tax budgets.
VR/AR/MR/XR tech is already revolutionising the construction industry and solving many problems associated with complex and time-consuming projects. Construction simulation increases outcome success by showing the final output before even a shovel is lifted, helping teams plan more confidently and accurately at the start of a project and facilitating deeper levels of collaboration throughout a build. For the first time, stakeholders can stay involved as works are completed and can visualise, explore and update plans in real-time and under site conditions. Not only are these new techniques reducing the substantial financial costs usually involved in construction, but they’re also helping the whole industry to use resources more wisely, eliminate waste and reduce the environmental impact of large projects.
All this just scratches the surface. In this article, I’ll take a closer look at the benefits of XR and explore, in detail, the differences between VR, AR and MR and the way that they’re poised to transform the construction business as we know it.
Virtual Reality: More than Just Walk (or Fly) throughs
Builders and developers have long been unlocking the power of virtual reality to enhance their projects. A technology that immerses users in the digital world, permitting them to interact and experience imagined virtual structures in real time, its utility for an industry reliant on plans and models is clear. In fact, we at MXT have first-hand experience with how VR’s immersive user experiences and adaptability can make all the difference when it comes to communicating the complexity and impact of a project to prospective clients and stakeholders; but that’s a monumental story for another time.
A powerful simulation tool, Virtual Reality technology can help developers in numerous ways. Software such as Yulio takes 3D designs, CAD renderings and even 360 photography and creates accurate and detailed VR models that stakeholders can use to visualise a project, giving architects, designers and potential homeowners a chance to explore buildings in a way that conveys a true sense of scale and impact. It also provides potential opportunities for contractors working later in the building process to get a leg up on the work. “I appreciate (VRs) application in helping to design and walking through proposed repairs to try and troubleshoot issues that may arise during construction,” Teris Pantazes, co-founder of homeowner and contractor network Efynch told Business.com. “It’s a technology that can be used to make sure that a large bathtub fits the early-1900s townhouse or a heavy piece of equipment can manoeuvre a hillside to reach a backyard.”
However, Virtual Reality uses don’t just stop at walkthroughs and renderings of designs and plans. The same attributes that give stakeholders a chance to experience homes, landscape transformation and large infrastructure projects in the digital world can also help the people building it gain skills that improve their efficiency. For example, HS2, the UK’s new high-speed rail line connecting Birmingham with London, has been investing heavily in VR to train new operators. Working in partnership with civil engineers BAM Nuttall, a new training facility in Buckinghamshire is using state-of-the-art VR training simulators to take workers through their roles on the project, from learning to operate heavy machinery to understanding delivery processes and site safety.
Augmented Reality in Construction— Fuelling Collaboration (and fixing mistakes)
The construction industry has only begun to understand the benefits that AR/MR/XR can bring to the industry. More integrated into the day-to-day than VR technology, the rise of wearable tech and intelligent software is powering faster and more meaningful communications than ever before. Gone are the days when crews had to stop while a supervisor had to inspect the work. Through technology, architects and designers can talk directly with civil and structural engineers and collaborate directly. Teams can now work around and even spot problems as they arise: seamlessly examining redline boundaries, understanding the impact of large-scale construction tasks, and even visualising and working buried sewage and utility infrastructure in real-time.
One of the most potent applications for augmented reality is in the areas of accuracy and error detection. An industry that covers a wide variety of different but interrelated segments and disciplines, the building trade has always been a cooperative endeavour. However, as projects have become more complex and client demands have grown more demanding, more and more, the industry is looking to technology to improve productivity.
XYZ Reality’s ATOM headset is an excellent illustration of this process in action. Built into a specially modified hard hat, this technology allows site workers to place and view 3D models with millimetre accuracy. It enables architects and engineers to compare progress to superimposed plans and identify mistakes and errors before they become too expensive to correct.
Ensuring that projects are completed on time, and within budget, Augmented Reality’s immediate benefits are obvious. However, AR’s true potential becomes apparent as it spreads and becomes the standard across the industry. Enabling the construction of public works and civil engineering projects in the most efficient methods possible, this technology not only reduces the financial cost of new buildings, but it also has the power to significantly reduce the material waste in construction, with a substantial potential knock-on benefit to supply chains and the environment.
Mixed Reality—Building Quicker and Slicker
Similar to AR, Mixed Reality or MR merges a real-world environment with a physical one. The real difference is that Mixed Reality is a much more integrated system, requiring specialised equipment to be integrated into workers’ kits. The results can be genuinely transformational: contractors can review and approve mission-critical designs by verifying the interaction and constructability of complex systems before they’re fabricated and installed. It also saves costs by helping to catch potential issues in the virtual world before something gets built, so contractors don’t have to rip things out and start again.
Even though it’s slightly more resource heavy than related AR tech, Mixed Reality has the potential to create work crews that work smarter. For example, sites with integrated MR systems allow project teams to identify clashes with installed systems, like electrical or plumbing, and bring them to the attention of designers and architects to help resolve the issue. In the real world, firms are deploying mixed reality tech to complete a vast range of projects, both large and small. From guiding workers through tricky renovations to the historic Lindisfarne Castle in Northern England to enabling PayneCrest to deliver electrical infrastructure on worksites across the USA, it is becoming the go-to technology for teams working on complex, delicate projects.
With this blending of virtual and augmented reality, MR allows workers to naturally interact with others in the room or space, making it an excellent collaborative tool. Currently, the availability of lightweight MR headsets, such as Avegant’s Light Field and intuitive, user-first software, such as Trimble Connect or Sensat’s Digital Twin is making the tech portable enough to operate both on-site and in the back office. On the ground, these headsets allow site workers to know exactly what task to perform, with immediate feedback to identify clashes, mistakes or misalignments.
As digital technology continues transforming the construction industry, Mixed Reality, alongside AR and VR, will play a central role. As incredible as these services already are, it’s thrilling to think that we’re only just beginning to scratch the surface of what’s possible.
MXT have extensive experience in visualising and simulating large-scale infrastructure schemes and their landscape settings through AR/VR/MR. MXT can incorporate real-world existing data sets far beyond just visualisation, which creates a perfect virtual environment of the finished scheme. The benefit of this is experiencing the project impact before time, money and effort are expended.


Buildings for Tomorrow
Buildings for Tomorrow: Why sustainability and public private partnerships is the answer to addressing tomorrow’s challenges today
Wednesday 9th October 15:00-17:00
Format: Debate session
Buildings are key to raising the pace and scale of decarbonisation. Therefore, we must look at the entire building lifecycle, from the materials used for construction, to operation and maintenance as well as the relationship of buildings to the grid.
This knowledge-packed and interactive session will bring together private sector innovators, municipal government experts from the C40 network Municipal Building Efficiency, and policy stakeholders to discuss how we can deliver the buildings we need for sustainable and liveable cities.
Recognizing the need for collaboration this session will demonstrate how public-private partnerships are central to finding the solutions to achieving energy and resource savings in buildings, focusing on 3 areas of innovation and disruption:
- Materials: Buildings in the Circular Economy
- Optimal operation: Beyond Direct Savings – Towards Flexible Consumption
- Balance: Heating & Cooling Networks
The session is funded by the EU-supported project FUTURE.
|Time 15:00-17:00||Organisation Gate 21|
|Location BLOXHUB Arena. Bryghuspladsen 8, Entrance C, 3rd floor, 1473 København||Contact person Jesper Boettcher, project manager for FUTURE|
|Maximum number of participants 50-70||More information gate21.dk/projects/future|
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Work on the Downtown Chandler Waterline Replacement Project is set to begin on Tuesday, Sept. 8, beginning with the portion in the Russell Road area. This area includes all of Russell Road, from Plank to Gardner Roads, and along Gardner Road between Russell Road and State Street. This project is likely to cause lane restrictions during the construction phase, and will include paving where road cuts are necessary at the conclusion of construction work.
Ragle, Inc. has been awarded this project, which is multi-phase improvement project that’s been in the works since 2018. The entire length of the project for all phases is expected to be 18 months. Later phases will include waterline replacement along Washington Avenue through Chandler, from Fuquay/Greenwood to Plank Road; Williams Street; Adams Avenue; Monroe Avenue; Indiana and Illinois Streets; Community Center Drive; and portions of Jaycee Street and Walnut Avenue.
The Downtown Chandler Waterline Replacement Project was deemed necessary to replace deteriorating water mains that have reached the end of life, resolve issues with undersized mains, and to improve flows and fire protection services to residents and Chandler Utilities customers. As work begins and throughout the course of the project, we will update the public on any major road construction/restrictions or other emergency type situations as they arise. To stay up-to-date, please sign up for our push notification system, Reach Alert, which will provide instant notifications of town-related emergencies and utility-related notices; this is a free service, and sign-up information can be found here.


The domain of natural hazards involves the understanding of the mechanisms behind these hazards, in order to model the complete source-pathway-receptor chain over space and time. It will be impossible to prevent natural hazards, but we can try to reduce the impact of natural hazards as much as possible, by building strong flood defences, faster urban discharge of excessive rain water, building earthquake resistant houses, organising better fire emergency management in forests during hot summers, imposing regulations for not building in landslide prone areas, preventing cascading effects to industrial hazards (Natech events), etc. However, since the 1960s, economic losses from natural disasters on a global scale have more than tripled. On the one hand caused by the increasing population over the world, on the other hand climate change. The question is now, how we can stop the increase of economic losses and loss of human life due to these natural hazards?
Technical solutions alone are clearly not sufficient. The domain needs multi-faceted contributions from socio-technical experts from TU Delft, University Leiden and Erasmus University Rotterdam:
- How should we quantify and assess the risks of floods from sea, rivers and canals, heavy rainfall, storm, hail, ice storms, heat waves, extreme cold, drought and wildfires? Domain knowledge from statistics, economy, civil engineering, actuarial sciences and geography may bring opportunities here.
- How can we stimulate the local population to take small-scale local measures against natural hazards, for instance heavy rainfall? Domain knowledge from sociology, architecture, civil engineering and geography may bring opportunities here.
- How can the insurance industry contribute here, realizing that their agenda is to gain more income, thus more risks? Domain knowledge from economy, policy analysis, and legal science may bring opportunities here.
- Can we create a living lab of our province for experimenting with socio-technical solutions against the above natural hazards? Domain knowledge from information sciences, architecture, civil engineering and geography may bring opportunities here.
- Is there a black swan which we did oversee in the domain of natural hazards? Domain knowledge from philosophy, civil engineering and geography may bring opportunities here.
- How can we improve regulation and policy-making around protection measures against natural hazards? More public-private collaboration? Frequency of inspection? What is an acceptable risk-profile for natural hazards? Domain knowledge from policy analysis, safety scientists, civil engineering and legal sciences may bring opportunities here.
- Which innovations in social media, space – and drone technology are needed to better anticipate on natural hazards? Domain knowledge from sociology, aerospace engineering, robotics and geography may bring opportunities here.
- To which risk level should we prepare our fire brigades and ministry of defence to dealing with natural hazards? How to train them in large-scale exercises? Use of augmented reality? Public participation in dealing with natural hazards? Domain knowledge from informatics, safety scientists, civil engineering and policy analysis may bring opportunities here.
- How can we reduce the likelihood of physical, chemical, or cyber terrorist attacks, sabotages and intrusions to flood defences? How can we determine gaps in security and determine whether and where measures should be placed, such as sensors, cameras, walls, barriers, checkpoint stations? Domain knowledge from risk – and security analysists, risk – and crisis communication experts may bring opportunities here.


Stylish, versatile and robust, "Liquid" provides the perfect solution for the most demanding environments.
For ultimate durability, cubicle doors, pilasters and partitions are manufactured using 13mm solid grade laminate. Exposed edges to the doors and pilasters are machined to a smooth profiled finish. Solid grade laminate is impervious to water and extremely resilient, making Liquid ideal for areas of high usage and humidity. Cubicle legs are pilaster mounted and adjustable to accommodate varying floor levels. The smooth action indicator bolt features an external emergency release facility discreetly positioned within the sleek faceplate. Cubicle hinges are pilaster mounted and secured through the door to provide an anti finger trap detail. These hinges can be easily adjusted to allow the door to fall fully open, closed or ajar . Partitions and pilasters are secured to the surrounding walls with semi circular channel brackets. Each cubicle is supplied with a sturdy aluminium coat hook. Lateral bracing across the width of the cubicle is achieved through the distinctive, stylish headrail. For added strength and increased corrosion resistance, all cubicle fittings are manufactured using high quality polished aluminium. Liquid cubicles can be supplied to comply with the latest Building Regulations Part M and Disability Discrimination Act (DDA).


BURNS BOTTOM PARK / TENNESSEE WILLIAMS POCKET PARK COLUMBUS, MISSISSIPPI
The project is composed of three phases. Phase One, completed in September 2012, is Burns Bottom Park, a 35-acre multi-use park with 10 soccer fields and amenities. Phase Two is the Tennessee Williams Pocket Park. Phase Three improves pedestrian connections between these two parks and the existing Columbus Riverwalk.
Phase One: Columbus is blessed with a healthy, pedestrian friendly downtown and nationally recognized Main Street Program. Building on this success, the conceptual approach to Burns Bottom Park begins with an urban sensibility. Soccer fields are woven into the existing underutilized street grid. This grid is augmented with the addition of curbs and gutters, parallel parking, and wide sidewalks attended by canopy shade trees. This dispersal of site parking provides amenities to the community at large, beyond the intense parking demands of the occasional soccer tournament. This dispersal of parking also has the net effect of minimizing the footprint of the soccer component of the park, preserving the heavily wooded wetlands west of Moore’s Creek, and minimizing the impact of the automobile on the nature trails and other amenities threaded through this ecosystem. This trail system is extended under the highway approach to Columbus providing unimpeded pedestrian connection to the existing Riverwalk.
Phase Two: The Tennessee Williams Pocket Park, takes advantage of a shared parking agreement between the existing Columbus Visitor’s Bureau, housed in Tennessee Williams childhood home announcing your arrival downtown from the highway, and a new mixed-use building recently constructed on the same city block. This shared parking affords a significant reduction in the existing surface parking lot. This parking sequestration eliminates the curb cut on Main Street, allowing the park full frontage to it. The existing Catfish and Crawdad Alleys are enhanced, encouraging pedestrian approach to the pocket park, mid-block from the east.
Phase Three applies the widened sidewalk and tree planting regimen to the city blocks between Phase One, Phase Two and the Riverwalk to the west, enhancing pedestrian connectivity from downtown to Burns Bottom and the Riverwalk. The tree planting is continued along the vehicular approach to Main Street from the west, supporting its transition from highway to street by metaphorical extension of the downtown urban wall to the highway, slowing approaching highway traffic.


If you are looking for building a new home, you should be aware of the fact that it is imperative to hire an experienced piling contractor for constructing a sturdy foundation. Piling is a technique used to strengthen the base of a property. The process is carried out in the supervision of architects, engineers, and contractors. The most common materials employed in the process of piling are steel, wood or concrete which can be paired with something else according to the property and its length.
Screw piles are one of the most effective types of piles, which come in a variety of sizes. These piles have been used widely in the railway's and lighthouses as it comes with many benefits such as:
There are different companies offering piling solutions, many of them are reliable and some of them are not. This makes it difficult for a builder to decide while hiring a contractor. Piling Experts is one of the most trusted teams of piling contractors, which offers a wide range of piling services to their clients in Australia. They have been serving residential, commercial and industrial clients for over 20 years. From screw piling to bored piling and underpinning, they specialize in each and every type of piling technique.
Piling Experts aims to provide second to none foundation piling services to their valuable clients in Australia. Their piling contractors use the best quality material and techniques for screw pile and bored piles to make your property stronger and durable. Along with commercial constructions such as bridges stadiums, towers, warehouses and pools, they also offer services for residential projects.
To get their services, you may log on to Pilingexperts.com.au.


Welcome to Theme-Park by GPD. This is a series of online activities where GPD is recognizing and appreciating the work done by speakers who submitted material for publication in GPD Finland 2021 proceedings book.
A façade in general, refers to the side of a building that that shows its ‘character and personality’. In most cases, it is found on the front side of a building. In addition to the overall aesthetics of the building, facades are also designed to contribute to the technical performance of the building.
In the past, facades were mainly expected to be durable and attractive. Today, they must also address issues such as, energy efficiency, indoor air quality, carbon footprint etc. To achieve these performance objectives, the art and science known as façade engineering, is applied.
On the artistic side, facades provide architects the opportunity to expression their skills by bringing a building into life aesthetically. Façade engineers, on the other hand, mainly contribute to the technical performance of the building by looking at, among others, the performance and structural behavior of building materials.
However, successful façade engineering teams must involve architects and engineers working together – from design stage to implementation.
Below, we highlight some of the presentations submitted for GPD Finland 2021 Façade Engineering session. The presenters will be available to answer any of your questions via an informal online meeting on Thursday this week, June the 16th starting at 17:00 CEST
The name of the meeting is ‘After Work Huddle’. To join, please register, for free, via the registration form provided at the bottom of this page.
Speaker topics this week:
- Bruno Kassnel-Henneberg, Translating university research for structural silicones into new product ideas.
- Jon Kimberlain represented by Adrienne Bowman-Grittini & Andrew Dunlap , Structural Silicone Glazing at 50 years.
- Javier Sanchez-Gil represented by Yago Martinez, Curved Glass: Modernizing Form and Function in Convex and Concave Applications.
- Brian Koons & Glenn Johnson, Simplified Method to Evaluate Shadow Box Pressure-Temperature Relationships.
A short chat with our industry experts about market trends.
Speakers of the week
“Structural silicones can be safely used without any geometry restrictions or width to height limitations as given in ETAG 002. Using the design method shown in the paper it is possible to re-think the use of structural silicones in respect to gluing geometry and also in respect to possible load transfer. The design concept we developed in addition to the “Nelder-Drass” material law was verified an accepted by the German building authority DIBt. This allows the use of structural silicones in a wide variety of new applications.”
“This technology contributed to restarting of the useful service life of a 60-year-old building, which is now nearly twice that age!”
“Coatings on the same surface regardless of whether the glass is concave or convex.”
“The impact of pressure rise within a sealed shadow box or spandrel box assembly is often overlooked and can lead to underperformance and failure of one or more components.”
Brian Koons & Glenn Johnson
Sign up for after work huddle via the form below
Meet and chat with the speakers. Registration is free of charge.


If you’ve just started tending a garden or take pride in your yard and want to add more aesthetic features, it may be a good idea to get a retaining wall. Learning more about these walls and how they can benefit your outdoor space can make a huge difference in your landscape. Here is some information about retaining walls that will help you decide which one is right for you.
What Retaining Walls Do
A retaining wall serves as a structure that holds or retains soil. Several types of materials are used to create these walls, including poured concrete, concrete blocks, rocks, boulders or treated timbers. Some of these materials are easy to use, others will last for long periods and some have a shorter lifespan. However, all of these materials are ideal for keeping soil from spilling over.
Should You Get a Reinforced Wall or a Gravity Wall?
You’ll need to consider several questions to get the right type of retaining wall for your property. You can determine this by examining the condition of your soil. Soil is normally a mixture of sand and clay, but some soils are sandier and some are more clay-based. Think about what is about the wall as well. If you have a pool or a driveway, you should build the wall with these structures in mind. Consider whether the land under or over the retaining wall will be sloped or level, and how tall you want the wall to be. These factors will help you decide whether you need to get a gravity retaining wall or a Geogrid reinforced retaining wall.
Gravity Walls vs Reinforced Walls
Gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight to keep soil in place. These walls are also shorter and stones are stacked together to form a barrier. The wall works to support pressure from the soil behind the wall.
Reinforced retaining walls use a form of reinforcement to provide more strength to the wall structure. When the structure is strong, soil will stay behind the wall instead of spilling over, no matter how tall the wall is. You can also opt for segmental retaining walls, which has a grid shape and provides a barrier for certain areas of your lawn. The grid stones are placed between blocks on the wall and rolled into the hillside or slope during installation. This method creatures a stronger barrier. Grid walls are sometimes the best choice, but this form of retaining wall may not work well for smaller yards or fragile soil. In these cases, you’ll have to use alternative reinforcement materials like soil nails, earth anchors or no-fines concrete.
Get in touch with a professional contractor for installation services so you can find the retaining walls that will work best for your property. Don’t forget to ask about the materials that are necessary for your retaining wall so you’ll know what to expect during installation. Wood is often the most affordable option and is simpler to work with, but concrete creates a stronger wall that will likely last longer.


Visiting Academic at the University of Southampton
I am currently a Visiting Academic at the University of Southampton. I worked as a Lecturer in Structural Engineering at the same institution between February 2021 and March 2024. Prior to this, I was a Research Fellow at University College London (2018-2021). The main focus of my research is the development of new engineering tools for estimating the impact of natural hazards on the built environment. My work aims to generate methods and solutions for the design of buildings that are resilient to natural hazards, including earthquakes, tsunami and storm surges. A particular emphasis is dedicated to community critical structures in developed and developing countries, e.g. analytical tools for design of buildings to tsunami loading and tsunami risk assessment of education & healthcare facilities through field survey activities.
New Tsunami Experiments
December 2022 - March 2023, HR Wallingford (UK)
I have been involved in a new experimental project at Europe's largest tsunami simulator. MAKEWAVES is a large international collaboration of 20 scientists, engineers, and industry partners across 11 different universities. To read more about it, visit the News section.


Dr. Yueyue Fan is currently serving as the program director of the Civil Infrastructure Systems (CIS) program at the National Science Foundation. She is also an associate professor in civil and environmental engineering at University of California, Davis and a faculty member in graduate program of Applied Mathematics at UC Davis. She received her Ph.D. in civil engineering at University of Southern California in 2003. Dr. Fan’s research is on transportation and energy infrastructure systems modeling, with a special interest in integrating applied mathematics and engineering domain knowledge to address fundamental challenges brought by data and system uncertainty, dynamics, and underdetermined issues. Dr. Fan is currently serving as the program director of the Civil Infrastructure Systems (CIS) program at the National Science Foundation.
Her research focus is on network optimization, decision making under uncertainty, and transportation and energy infrastructure systems management. Her current research projects include risk management of transportation networks subject to nature hazards and optimal planning and operation of infrastructure systems for alternative energy such as biofuel from biowastes.


The Path to Southern California’s Water Future
Metropolitan’s mission to ensure a reliable, high-quality water supply for Southern California guides its support and investment in the Delta Conveyance Project. As the largest contractor of state water supplies, our decisions, along with those of many other local, state and federal agencies, are essential to the project’s ability to move forward.
California Initiates Single Delta Tunnel Environmental Review
In January 2020, the California Department of Water Resources released a Notice of Preparation for a proposed project to modernize the water delivery system in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. The NOP initiated environmental review of the project to comply with the California Environmental Quality Act, as well as the preparation of an environmental impact report.
In December 2020, Metropolitan's board voted unanimously to fund Metropolitan's share of the environmental planning and pre-construction costs, joining other State Water Contractors. A draft environmental impact report is expected in mid-2022.


Many households have been having problems with their pipes being clogged a lot of times. This is mostly due to hard waters that have minerals such as calcium and magnesium in them. this can be a problem especially because soap is hard to dissolve in this type of water and this has can cause many repairs which is expensive for some.
In order for hard water to disappear, a water softener unit is used. The water softening process works to remove the minerals which make the water hard. It really helps many households and protects a lot of machines from being damaged. There are many companies that make water softeners and you should get one too to protect your pipelines from being clogged ever again.
How water softener works
Water softening units collects the minerals present in a hard water in its conditioning tank and flushes them down the drain. Ion exchangers such as sodium and potassium are then applied for water softening because these will replace the minerals, magnesium and calcium ions, with other ions.
The three types of salts added to a water softening unit
Rock salt evaporated salt, and solar salt is being sold for water softening. Rock salts contain about 98% to 99% sodium chloride and these are obtained from underground salt deposits through traditional mining methods. Solar salt is obtained through the evaporated seawater. This contains about 85% sodium chloride and is usually sold in crystal form though pellets are also available. Lastly, evaporated salt comes from the mining of underground salt deposits dissolving salts which are then evaporated using natural gas or coal. It has between 996% to 99.99% sodium chloride.
The most common salt that is being used
If you don’t mind cleaning the unit from time to time, then rock salts are fine and these are the cheapest ones too. that is because it contains matter that is not water-soluble. On the other hand, solar salt contains matter that is more water-soluble. Sometimes, the salt that is being used depends on the unit itself. if you have a unit that needs more salt to be used which also means frequent cleaning, then evaporated salt is recommended.
Knowing how a unit works and what is needed in order for it to work is as important as its use. this machine is fairly easy to use and less hassle compared to having your pipes and other appliances being replaced.