In the context of computer networking, a subnet refers to a logical subdivision of an IP network. It allows the division of a large network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks. Each subnet has its own unique range of IP addresses and serves as a separate network segment within the larger network infrastructure.
Here are some key points to understand about subnets:
- IP Addressing: Subnets are created by borrowing bits from the host portion of an IP address. The IP address consists of a network portion and a host portion. By using subnet masks, a network administrator can determine how many bits are reserved for the network portion and how many bits are available for hosts within that subnet.
- Subnet Mask: A subnet mask is a 32-bit value that accompanies an IP address. It is used to distinguish the network and host portions of the address. The subnet mask consists of a sequence of binary 1s followed by binary 0s. The 1s represent the network portion, and the 0s represent the host portion.
- Subnetting Benefits: Subnetting provides several advantages, including efficient use of IP addresses, improved network performance, enhanced security, and simplified network management. By dividing a large network into smaller subnets, organizations can allocate IP addresses more effectively and reduce the size of broadcast domains.
- Subnet Identification: Each subnet has a unique network identifier (ID) that helps routers and switches differentiate between different subnets. The network ID is obtained by performing a logical AND operation between an IP address and its corresponding subnet mask.
- Subnet Classes: Subnets can be classified into different classes based on the number of IP addresses they can accommodate. The most commonly used subnet classes are Class A, Class B, and Class C. Class A subnets have a large number of host addresses but a small number of network addresses, while Class C subnets have a small number of host addresses and a larger number of network addresses.
- Subnetting Notation: Subnets are often represented using CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation, which combines the IP address and the subnet mask. For example, an IP address with a subnet mask of /24 signifies that the first 24 bits represent the network portion, leaving the remaining 8 bits for host addresses.
Overall, subnets play a crucial role in network design and management, allowing for efficient allocation of IP addresses and improved network performance by dividing a large network into smaller, more manageable segments.
Here are examples of IP range subnets for different subnet masks:
- Subnet Mask: /24 IP Range: 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.0.255 This subnet mask allows for 256 IP addresses, with the last octet ranging from 0 to 255.
- Subnet Mask: /16 IP Range: 10.0.0.0 – 10.0.255.255 With this subnet mask, you have 65,536 IP addresses available, ranging from 10.0.0.0 to 10.0.255.255.
- Subnet Mask: /8 IP Range: 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 This subnet mask provides a range of 16,777,216 IP addresses, from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255.
- Subnet Mask: /28 IP Range: 192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.15 With a /28 subnet mask, you have 16 IP addresses, from 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.15.
- Subnet Mask: /29 IP Range: 10.10.10.0 – 10.10.10.7 This subnet mask allows for 8 IP addresses, ranging from 10.10.10.0 to 10.10.10.7.
- Subnet Mask: /26 IP Range: 172.16.0.0 – 172.16.0.63 With a /26 subnet mask, you have 64 IP addresses available, from 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.0.63.
These examples demonstrate how subnet masks determine the number of IP addresses available in a particular subnet. The higher the number of network bits in the subnet mask, the smaller the subnet size and the fewer available IP addresses. Conversely, a lower number of network bits allows for larger subnets and more IP addresses.


|Mobile Handsets for Australian use in City, Metro and Country side...|
|Wed, 25 Sep 2019 06:38:00 +0000|
|There are many reasons for you to look at a mobile handset for possible purchase and one of the most important is will it work as a phone when I need it. Key to this the RF or Radio Frequency performance and the carriers have some very important requirements that have to be supported and tested before a device can be considered either as a Optus Best for Regional (BFR) or Telstra BlueTick device.|
So why does this matter for you when you never drive out into the country side?
Well the reason it should still be important for you is there are still areas in cities and metropolitan areas that have poor signal coverage due to structures and / or your location such as in building basements, carparks, high rise offices or tin / steel covered sheds / warehouses or clad buildings.
In these locations a handset with BlueTick or BFR status will have a greater chance of working then one without the required support. In country regions a BFR or BlueTick handset are a must as there is no comprehensive coverage once you leave population centres or the highways.
Also the cost of a device doesn't mean it is any better RF wise for use in Australia and our country side as you can easily pay over a $1,000 for a handset that will loose the networks as soon as you head bush and then what could be worse than going camping with family and / or friends and your super expensive handset can't get a service but the kids $39 or $69 handset works fine, and yes this can happen.
So check your handsets before you purchase and see if they have the best RF performance for our networks before you waste all that money on a RF dud.
Next post will be part 2...


Technology Provides More Communication Channels to Serve Patients Better
By Peter Lyle DeHaan, PhD
The label of call center referencing outward-facing communications is an historically accurate term. At one time it handled calls from a central location. Hence, we formed a descriptively accurate name of call center.
But many call centers have moved beyond calls to embrace a more inclusive descriptor of contacts. It’s likely your operation has too or plans to do so.
Here are some of the communication channels available to call centers:
Yes, calls still make up the bulk of contacts for most operations. While older generations tend to prefer phone calls and younger generations tend to avoid them, the complex nature of healthcare communications often makes the telephone the most efficient and effective communication channel. This will continue to be the case until a channel emerges that’s more efficient and effective.
Overall, younger demographics like to text. As such, text chat has emerged as a channel of choice for many consumers, and a preferred channel for many contact centers. It’s easier to juggle multiple text chats than phone calls. Also, whereas phone callers hope to not be placed on hold and expect immediate interaction, text chat users tolerate—and even accept—some short communication lags.
While text chat is a preferred channel for many, email remains the go-to-choice for others. Though futurists continue to predict its demise, email has persisted as a default communication channel. Email shines in its ability to facilitate longer and more complex communications.
A benefit of email is that its users expect time delays. This allows email to dovetail nicely into an operation’s workflow mixing the real-time expectation for phone calls and the near-time expectation for text chat. Even so, email users will not tolerate a long delay. A few hours is an acceptable interval, with same-day response being the minimum expectation.
A fourth channel consideration is social media. For some users it’s their default communication option. Though most healthcare-related communications are inappropriate for social media, providers should still monitor it to be aware of requests and handle what they can on social media. For overtures that carry a privacy concern, social media can still serve as an initial contact point, which can then more appropriately migrate to another channel.
Though many still think of a call center as handling phone calls, we must embrace an expanded vision of processing other communication channels. This includes text chat, email, and social media. And we must stand poised to embrace future channels as they develop.
Read more in Peter Lyle DeHaan’s Healthcare Call Center Essentials, available in hardcover, paperback, and e-book.
Peter Lyle DeHaan, PhD, is the publisher and editor-in-chief of AnswerStat and Medical Call Center News covering the healthcare call center industry. Read his latest book, Sticky Customer Service.


Those pursuing the NET program will cover the design, management and operation of computer networks. They will develop research skills through courses and a project framework.
Research in the Carleton School of Information Technology has direct application to industry and has led to many achievements:
- Apple iPhone networking subsystems
- Network security and privacy
- Cellular mobile networks
- Cloud computing
- Internet of things
- Big data networking systems
- Network systems for applications such as smart grid and connected vehicles
Program Requirements (Master's)
- ITEC5000 [0.5 credit] Analytical Methods for Information Technology
- ITEC5905 [1.0 credit] Network Technology Project
- ITEC5001 [0.0 credit] Information Technology Seminars 1
- 2.0 credits in ITEC 510X courses
- 1.5 credits of electives (which may include other ITEC courses) selected with consultation of the Graduate Supervisor.
Note1: ITEC 5001 is a series of seminars. All MIT and DIT students are required to attend and successfully present at least once. On occasion, the seminar series will also feature speakers from Carleton as well as from the IT community at large, both academic and industrial, exposing students to cutting edge research. At the same time, the series also has an important community-building function by bringing together faculty, students and industry professionals, providing an informal setting of mutual interaction.
- ITEC5100 [0.5 credit] Planning and Design of Computer Networks
- ITEC5101 [0.5 credit] Cross Layer Design for Wireless Multimedia Networks
- ITEC5102 [0.5 credit] Designing Secure Networking and Computer Systems
- ITEC5103 [0.5 credit] Cloud and Datacenter Networking
- ITEC5110 [0.5 credit] Emerging Network Technologies (also listed as NET4000)
- ITEC5111 [0.5 credit] Multimedia Networking (also listed as NET4007)
- ITEC5112 [0.5 credit] Secure Mobile Networking (also listed as NET4010)
- ITEC5113 [0.5 credit] Network Simulation (also listed as NET4001)
- ITEC5114 [0.5 credit] Networked Applications (also listed as NET4005)
- ITEC5900 [0.5 credit] Directed Study
- ITEC5910 [0.5 credit] Selected Topics in Network Technologies
As almost every home and business relies on the Internet, NET graduates will find many opportunities to utilize their skills in the job market. The advances in mobile technologies and the requirements for security and privacy will afford additional opportunities for these graduates. A report by the Information and Communications Technology Council anticipates a great need for people working in this area. Graduates could look at working with network operators, Internet service providers, or pursue careers with networking equipment manufacturers or with government agencies.


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Root cause: Port forwarding was enabled by their customer service staff to troubleshoot Wi-Fi issues for their customers and was not disabled when the issues were resolved. Type: Modem Router Combo Interface: RJ45 for Gigabits BaseT for 1 x WAN, RJ45 for Gigabits BaseT for 4 x LAN 2 x USB 2. The time to shut-off could be personalized in the web interface. the 850l is a wireless ac1200 dual band gigabit "cloud" router. Dear Singtel, I have some apps that I am unable to log in to on my home wifi. Buy and collect overseas prepaid SIM cards before you fly. NETGEAR routers might call this address the Internet Port IP Address and have it listed in the Maintenance > Router Status screen. 4 Ghz and 5. [🔥] Expressvpn Singtel Router Mask Your Ip. The Asus router has much more features compared to the Singtel router like VPN server,file server etc. Singtel myBusiness is the largest one-stop portal and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) marketplace for Small and Medium Enterprises in Singapore. 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DR not quite the ISP specifically so much as their plan where they issue weak routers to. May 25, 2017 · how to unlock Huawei E5573 Yes Optus , Singtel, Telenor , unlock code Huawei E5573 Yes Optus , Singtel, Telenor , free unlock code Huawei E5573 Yes Optus , Singtel, Telenor ,instructions to unlock Huawei E5573 Yes Optus , Singtel, Telenor ,carrier change Huawei E5573 Yes Optus , Singtel, Telenor ,sim chnage Huawei E5573 Yes Optus , Singtel, Telenor. Hi,I am leaving Singapore on 1st Nov 2019. The Official Singtel YouTube channel. 0 (RT-ACRH13): Computers & Accessories. com Speed Test. Last edited by Lucky177; 05-05-2018 at 01:46 PM. Review for: Singapore 4G Wi-Fi Router (Changi Airport Pick Up) Easy to redeem the vouchers at the changi recommend's stall at the airport, just present the printed vouchers or the softcopy thereof using the mobile app used in booking at klook. 4 GHz signal as well as two 1300 Mbps 5 GHz signals — that’s 600 + 1300 + 1300, for an AC320″-class router. Dee has 6 jobs listed on their profile. Before connecting the Linksys router to the 2-Wire gateway, follow the steps below to configure the settings of the Linksys router: NOTE: This article assumes that the Internet is working through the Singtel 2-Wire 5012NV gateway. Francis Chang No. 0 Ghz) to switch between, Singtel's Dual-band router will help ease channel traffic as too many devices connecting to a single band often leads to congestion. IPTV: VLAN 20, 802. Untangling the mesh: Everything you need to know about Wi-Fi systems. and to places for which Changi Recommends does not sell Wi-Fi routers. Singtel WiFi Mesh (AirTies Air 4920) Since early last year, Singtel has been offering its own Wi-Fi mesh networking solution and it comes in the form of the AirTies Air 4920. Price Is Still Pretty High. Find Aztech router passwords and usernames using this router password list for Aztech routers. NewSky Security has uncovered a security vulnerability across all routers from Singapore's leading internet service provider, SingTel. ) 1 x SIM Card slot the SIM into the router 3. Buy and collect overseas prepaid SIM cards before you fly. The wireless router also has 128 MB of RAM and 16 MB of storage space. Though 802. 00, Routers, Fibre Addons Home Livecam, Call Plus Pack. Check out the following guides if you need some help to configure your devices to enjoy Singtel WiFi. Singtel myBusiness is the largest one-stop portal and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) marketplace for Small and Medium Enterprises in Singapore. For our Asus RT-AC1900P router (and with most routers), this can be done by entering 192. • Provide 24 x 7 post-sales/maintenance support to SingTel(E. 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We've spent more than 60 hours testing dozens of routers to help you skip the confusion and find the best Wi-Fi router for your home. For more information about changing your WiFi password or network name (SSID), see the following articles: How to change your NETGEAR router WiFi password or network name (SSID) using Smart Wizard. It locates the cleanest channel to deliver uninterrupted Internet. Free Singtel WiFi at over 1,600 hotspots. How can I control the bandwidth allocation of my WiFi router? My router is TL-WR841N. With 700+ servers and 200,000+ global IPs, you can always get connected. 11ac technology in addition to a router capable of providing such speeds. Generally, the router part of these modems are basic single band wireless-N devices with a 300-400 MHz processor with max wireless transmission at 300 Mbps with older generation fast Ethernet ports. The telecom operator is running trials of a new technology, called next-gen GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network. Local time 5:55 PM aedt 1 December 2019 Membership 854,620 registered members 9,963 visited in past 24 hrs 810 members online now 1,369 guests visiting now. Singtel is readying a fibre broadband upgrade that can boost speeds to as much as 10Gbps in homes later this year, in the latest speed race among fibre broadband operators in Singapore. In the next window, Click on ‘Change Service Password’ visible under the Account Maintenance Menu on the left side. John Joel has 5 jobs listed on their profile. What I am saying is the parental control and firewall is always part of the features in any router you purchase from the msrket. Plug your device into the USB port located on the back of your router. 81 I will bear the transfer fees. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Wai. Aztech Technologies is a leading provider of consumer networking, home appliances, LED lighting products and Smart Home, Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. Single Band Vs. 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The Quarry product family is comprised of the iQ4000 and the iQ8000 Security Service Routers and the iQSMS Service Management Suite. Manufacturers set a default SSID for their routers at the factory and typically use the same name for all of them. Whizcomms is the only one providing 24-month 300Mbps fibre broadband plan at $26 per month. 4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Turning my router on and off. Solved: Dear all, I bought this R8500 about 4 months ago and about a week ago subscribe to Singtel TV (commonly known as Mio TV) and today my × We are experiencing an outage with Chat Support, Knowledgebase Articles and guided assistance. Rollover: Up to 50GB when you recharge before expiry. The exact process (and location of the reset button) vary from router to router. No wonder Singtel's been terrible lately, it's being operated by monkeys. Singtel 4G portable Modem services offers 4G data services. The researcher identified the impacted routers as part of Singtel's own branded Wifi Gigabit Routers. • Perform upgrade of Software Firmware of ESA/ESB Switches of NSN core elements. My Singtel AC Elite had issues after 3 days of use (blinking Power led) and they swapped me a Singtel AC Plus, saying that both are the same. The Orbi app makes it easy to set up and manage your WiFi router. You’ll see a special button labeled Reset. Think of your router's Wi-Fi signals as a giant donut. Wireless Routers; Features: A type of wireless without a modem. Natan Bandler, CEO & Co-Founder at Cy-oT commented below. While the two devices may look similar, they each serve a different purpose. Free delivery anywhere in Singapore. Billing starts on the day the Wi-Fi router is collected and ends on the day of return. 4 Ghz and 5. Senior Associate Engineer - Bt T. For complete information, user guides and step-by-step help in setting up your equipment, select your router below. Under Router Settings, click Connectivity. Log in to My Account. The telecom operator is running trials of a new technology, called next-gen GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network. It does not appear to be available for direct sales. It focuses on simplifying SME's ICT adoption journey, facilitating online collaboration and helps to deliver business advantages through SaaS productivity solutions. My Network Set-Up. Some Wi-Fi routers use a name called the Service Set Identifier—usually just referenced as SSID—to identify themselves on the local network. Aug 18, 2017 · The TP-LINK TP-SG108E Easy Smart Switch or the 5-port version allows me to easily configure the VLAN settings so I can route them to my respective routers: SingTel AC Elite, SingTel Aztech. Image 1Gbps Unlimited Fibre 50. Singtel Wifi Gigabit Router AC Plus. Call processing and Release Reason analysis on VoIP Soft Switches & Cisco AS5300 Routers. If an incorrect PIN is entered three times in a row, your SIM will be blocked. Find Aztech router passwords and usernames using this router password list for Aztech routers. This occurs most often during the peak surfing period from 6p. My Singtel app. This was the most helpful answer – solved my problem and both of my ipad and ipod is working now:). How to download and update firmware singtel wifi gigabit router ac plus firmware update Download digital photo Cameras firmware : most of the camera s internal parts including lenses, autofocus, LCD screens etc. The researcher identified the impacted routers as part of Singtel’s own branded Wifi Gigabit Routers. the computer did not even detect the ethernet cable pluged in. Expressvpn Singtel Router On Any Device. I'm trying hard to Setup Linksys EA8100 router with Singtel Fibre Home bundle. Connecting two wireless routers without wires has many uses in a home network. Depending on the configuration, the router may require no credentials, default. Liaise with vendors to troubleshoot SP infra network routers, switches etc. Unlike traditional Wi-Fi, which relies on a single Wi-Fi Access Point (AP) on home gateways and routers, Singtel uses AirTies' multiple Mesh APs (extenders) to create an intelligent Wi-Fi network. I followed your procedure as mentioned to turn Vlan and i had tried both isp "Singtel MioTV" and "Singtel others", problem remains the same. The Linksys EA9200 Wireless AC3200 Tri-Band Smart Wi-Fi Router was launched in Singapore on the 6th February 2015 and the recommended retail price of it is S$399. Free weekend router installation worth up to $145 and a $5 Monthly Bill Rebate. Looking for a way to increase your Internet speed without upgrading your ISP Internet plan? Well, Internet speed can depend on a several factors, both internal to the network and external. NBN MODEM ROUTERS AND SPEED. We have selected these 25 routers after doing a lot of research on the internet. • Perform troubleshooting of any IP related issues for a number of Telenor's site across Pakistan. Nodes use the common WiFi standards known as 802. It is a reactive measure employed in communication networks to regulate network traffic and minimize bandwidth congestion. Welcome to Hurricane Electric's Network Looking Glass. Re: Recommend a wifi router please Currently my modem router is provided by the ISP. Wide array of Asus Routers. We sell the best China sim card customized to inbound tourists. singtel tv can only be connected to singtel router if you decide to run on automatic dhcp mode on velop. I'm planning to upgrade my home internet to fibre broadband plan with Singtel from my existing ADSL plan by Singtel too. Singtel AC1900 Wifi Gigabit router Only for Singtel broadband Netgear R7000 Nighthawk Smart WiFi Router 802. 11ac Tri-Band Gigabit There's never been WiFi like it. Does your SingTel Fibre broadband acts as the main modem/router from your ISP? If yes, we can do cascading of routers since the Velop Mesh System is a router too. CNET editor Dong Ngo explains the good and the bad of Wi-Fi systems (aka mesh networks) and their alternatives that will make. Can you please help to advise as I have spent a long time talking to SingTel Technical Support and going nowhere. Mar 29, 2019 · Routers come in all shapes and sizes. You have to drop your Mobile WiFi router in the post box, by noon of the next day of the end of rental period. 0, Certified for Use on Comcast Xfinity, Spectrum and COX. Since there was a warranty, I brought my defective unit to the Asus. Joshua Inbaraj Ezekil Network Engineer - TAC IP & Managed Services @ Singtel. MIO Voice is not setup on router. It's self-optimizing software makes sure all of your devices stay connected to the fastest WiFi even when lots of people are nearby. Singtel seems to be disconnecting only at late night around 11pm to 2am. Bandwidth throttling can occur at different locations on the network. If your IPTV service works normally, you can export the current settings as a backup. Who are the Tier 1 ISPs? Definition: A Tier 1 ISP is an ISP that has access to the entire Internet Region solely via its free and reciprocal peering agreements. Why Google Wifi? Google Wifi joins the growing selection of mesh routers available locally, from the Linksys Velop to the Netgear Orbi. The default password for Frontier router depends on the model. Here is a complete list of Aztech router passwords and usernames. Singtel’s ReadyRoam plans currently cover 81 destinations, so you’ll definitely be able to stay connected during your travels. The Aztech router leaves a lot to be desired. Set the Internet Gateway of router 2 to router 1's IP address. Explore our plans, benefits, deals, and a stronger network that's paving the way for a 5G future. Life – engage in a price war!. The Local IP Address and Subnet Mask should display your routers IP information. One of the best wireless routers with the best range and speeds is necessary with everything we do online. com | Parenting, Lifestyle, Travel Blog. The new Xiaomi Mi WiFi Router 3 is bound to provide a smooth HD streaming experience and high-end online gaming experience with its latest 802. 6GHz band and a 5GHz band, which ultimately increases your connection speeds. Download and watch the internet at reliable speeds avoid lagging interuptions Ed Unloaded. Netgear Orbi RBK50 (2-Set) is better for power users who have higher internet potential and the need for many ports. Writing and sending SMS. Price = $15 ($8 x 2 = $16. My Starhub supplied WiFi router is located as centrally as possible. Under Select Profile, click the drop-down button and select Singtel (mio TV) if you subscribed to Singtel’s Internet, IPTV and voice services. g Nokia and Huawei routers and switches). AX6000 Dual Band 802. New singtel careers are added daily on SimplyHired. Also, Showipbgp. Ready or not, you're going to need to use both IPv6 and IPv4 on your corporate intranet and to connect to the Internet for years to come. I'm going to use the virtually ubiquitous Linksys WRT54G as the object of our conversion. MSRP sits at $149. Inserting a SIM into my router. What is the difference between a router and a modem? Answer: Routers and modems are two of the most common computer peripherals , yet many people do not know the function of each one. Most routers, if not all, can be configure to restrict certain device to access the internet at a specified time. Why Google Wifi? Google Wifi joins the growing selection of mesh routers available locally, from the Linksys Velop to the Netgear Orbi. Enjoy the ultimate in WiFi speeds up to 1.


Floor Standing Led Display manufacturers
|Vertical Android outdoor advertising machine
The high-definition vertical Android outdoor advertising machine adopts all-outdoor, high-brightness and waterproof design. It is a high-performance industrial-grade outdoor LCD advertising machine that integrates information release, advertising, interactive applications, and e-commerce promotion. (touch and non-touch) Can be provided according to customer needs). In order to respond to the development of the market and meet the different needs of users, according to different application fields and functional requirements, vertical outdoor advertising machines can be widely used in commercial centers, urban roads, shopping malls, city squares, etc., which require outdoor advertising broadcasts and outdoor public information The field of publishing, outdoor media communication, touch interactive inquiry.
Place of OriginChina
Response time6-8 milliseconds
Aspect ratio16:9 (width: height)
Display color1.08B (jitter 10bit)
Working time7 * 24
Working voltage50-60HZ 100-250V
Working humidity environment80%
Speaker power8惟10W * 2
Supply capacity2000 pieces per week
After-sales servicevideo technical support, free spare parts, online support material: aluminum alloy frame + tempered glass plate
Product picture reference (the style can be customized)
1. Aluminum alloy front frame, surface drawing oxidation, three anodic oxidation, aluminum alloy plus zinc alloy technology, back shell hardware abrasive tool stamping forming;
2. Industrial-grade LCD panel, full HD, full viewing angle IPS screen;
3. Industrial-grade substrate type power supply, support 90-263V, 50~60HZ AC input;
4. Professional display driver module, dynamic color correction, color balance, soft, anti-glare processing;
5. Support stand-alone play mode, support network online play mode;
6. Support remote operation, support multiple languages, support horizontal and vertical screen rotation display;
7. Applications: specialty stores, buildings, urban complexes, etc.;
8. Support a variety of audio and video decoding, support HTML web pages, support FLASH playback, support online information publishing.
1. IP65 is designed for outdoor applications.
2. High brightness up to 3000nits, readable in sunlight.
3. Built-in air conditioning cooling system, adapt to the ambient temperature of -40掳C-+60掳C.
4. Front tempered glass and anti-glare glass
5. Intelligent lighting system, the screen brightness is automatically adjusted according to the ambient light, saving energy.
6. Anti-dust, anti-vandalism and anti-theft.
7. Customized design for you, no need to pay extra cost.
8. The screen size is optional 32-82inch
9. Available for wall installation, roof hanging and free standing (fixed on the ground).
10. Safety circuit design
11. Built-in power timer
Support image, video, music, RSS, slideshow, web page, text and other media styles
Support display logo, date/time/week, weather forecast and real-time subtitles
User-defined screen model, flexible layout, split screen and full screen optional
Program preview, multi-level review, and security checks at each level to convey accurate information.
Terminal group management, multi-user flexible authorization.
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Powerful system health monitoring. Fault warning and prompt prompting of error messages are allowed.
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Support WAN, LAN, VPN / WiFi / 3G network publishing, cross-regional, inter-provincial cities, easy to connect to multiple networksFloor Standing Led Display manufacturers
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On this post by Mark Chandler – Cisco’s SVP and General Counsel reveals some of the issues and details on their dealing with Apple. Cisco acquired the iPhone trademark when they bought over Infogear Technology in 2000. Infogear was the original company which had filed the registration since 1995. Apple has allegedly approached Cisco for the iPhone trademark since 2001. Apple knew about this for quite a while.
I wondered what Cisco was getting from the deal in my previous post
What were the issues at the table that kept us from an agreement? Was it money? No. Was it a royalty on every Apple phone? No. Was it an exchange for Cisco products or services? No.
What they were looking for is this:
Fundamentally we wanted an open approach. We hoped our products could interoperate in the future. In our view, the network provides the basis to make this happen—it provides the foundation of innovation that allows converged devices to deliver the services that consumers want. Our goal was to take that to the next level by facilitating collaboration with Apple. And we wanted to make sure to differentiate the brands in a way that could work for both companies and not confuse people, since our products combine both web access and voice telephony. That’s it. Openness and clarity.
Alright so they wanted their products to talk to each other. So what is the Cisco iPhone? This product page may shed some light. It is a Wireless-G WIP320 phone which is Skype compatible. This press release from Cisco regarding the iPhone also describes its features. Looks like Apple didn’t like what Cisco had to offer. They didn’t reply to their offer and went ahead with the iPhone branding. They must have something up their sleeve, a company such as Apple wouldn’t go forward in such a manner.
Apple’s willful violation has Cisco pissed off, and people wondering what’s going on?


A low-maintenance ultrasonic level sensor with LoRaWAN is a drop-in solution for monitoring all types of fluid levels.
Automatic threshold-based alarms for low or high-level conditions are reported in seconds, reducing response time. Backed by long-range low-power LoRa radio, each sensor has a designed battery life of up to 15 years with daily reporting. The ultrasonic sensor is designed to be mounted above the target fluid to be monitored and automatically filters out echoes from minor obstructions (different filtering available on request). A ruggedised version with IP67-rated connectors and corrosion-resistant sensors is available. Integrating incoming data into existing systems is as easy as connecting to a LoRaWAN server and receiving data within seconds of it being sent.


This Release Notes announcement highlights new hardware updates.
We are introducing the AT-3100, an upgraded model of the AT-3000. The AT-3100 is a Cat-M1 device, which will allow us to grow into greater Bluetooth (BLE) functionality and other future enhanced features.
AT-3000 series devices are ideal for tracking assets with power (e.g., tractors, backhoes, loaders, ATVs, mowers, etc.) These devices support multiple switch/sensor inputs as well as outputs for relays to control fuel pumps, starters, and other remote devices.
For additional information, contact your Account Manager and visit the AT-3000 Series device page: AT-3000 Device Page.


4G changes life, 5G changes society, but this change is not so easy.
2020 is the first year of global 5G commercialization as defined by the ITU, and China is a year earlier. According to the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, domestic 5G mobile phone shipments from January to April 2021 will be 91.267 million units, accounting for 72.7% of the overall market, a year-on-year increase of 38.4%. This reflects, to a certain extent, the speed at which 5G communications are advancing at the individual user level.
However, 5G is not limited to mobile phones. In the era of the Internet of Everything, highways must be built in advance. Therefore, 5G is indisputably the first of new infrastructure. Compared with 4G, 5G has clearly planned three application scenarios at the initial stage: enhanced mobile broadband, its peak rate will be more than 10 times that of 4G network; massive machine communication will realize the whole process from consumption to production, from people to people. The full scene coverage of objects; ultra-reliable and low-latency communication, the communication response speed will be reduced to millisecond level.
The beautiful imagination for applications in various vertical industries derived from this is like a science fiction novel, and the premise that supports the realization of this novel is a towering base station that does not look so romantic.
New changes in 5G base station construction
All good things ahead, the road will always be twists and turns. In the industry, the shortcomings of 5G base stations are ridiculed as "three 3s of coverage, cost, and power consumption", that is, 3 times the cost, 3 times the power consumption, and 1/3 coverage. In this regard, Wenjing, an outstanding technical expert of Texas Instruments (TI), analyzed that part of the reason is due to the high frequency and high performance of 5G MM, the use of Massive MIMO technology, and the need for 32-channel, 64-channel and other multi-channel architectures. The increase in the number of hardware channels directly leads to cost, The power consumption and volume indicators have increased exponentially. Operators urgently need to significantly reduce site construction costs and operating costs, so higher requirements are placed on chip integration, power consumption and cost.
TI is one of the first semiconductor manufacturers to participate in China's 5G construction. Vic, regional sales manager of Texas Instruments China's major customers, introduced that looking at the world, China's 5G construction is at the forefront. As of 2020, China has deployed more than 700,000 5G base stations. Completed large-capacity coverage of some key cities. In 2021, it is planned to build 840,000 units, complete the wider area layout, and focus on 700MHz 4T4R networking. Through more advanced process nodes, more innovative design architecture, and larger-scale integration, TI has been striving to achieve the goals of high integration, low power consumption, and low cost. In fact, each generation of TI products will achieve about 30% improvement in power consumption under the same scale through process evolution/design architecture innovation.
As the last link and the most critical equipment of wireless communication, RRU unit is like a bridge in the air, which ensures accurate and real-time delivery of information. Although the RF front-end is only a pipeline in a 5G base station, and the real brain is a processor such as ASIC/FPGA, the human body cannot perform normal activities without healthy pipelines to deliver nutrients and data to the brain. The RF signal processing and modulation of the RRU is as complex as the blood vessels and nerves in the human body. The RF front-end is a very challenging and crucial area in the RRU.
In a traditional superheterodyne system, after the receiver receives a signal at RF frequency, it downconverts the signal to a lower intermediate frequency (IF), where it is digitized, filtered, and then demodulated. The RF front end requires complex Signal chain processing. With the advancement of ADC and DAC converter technology, analog frequency conversion can be converted into digital direct frequency conversion, thereby omitting the intermediate frequency link, making the overall hardware design of the RF direct acquisition transceiver much simpler, so the overall size is smaller and the design cost. lower. "The discrete ADC, DAC, modulator, demodulator, Serdes, clock, DVGA and other functional modules in the traditional discrete superheterodyne system are integrated into a single chip, which provides the realization of 5G Massive MIMO multi-channel architecture. Physical possibilities." Wenjing sees this innovation as critical for Massive MIMO, which may reach hundreds of channels in the future.
The changes brought by high integration to users are huge. As the number of channels continues to increase, the throughput increases, but the overall module size of the RRU only increases slightly.
Taking TI's AFE7920 as an example, it is a 4T4R2F (4 transmit, 4 receive, 2 feedback paths) RF direct-sampling architecture dual-band transceiver. The transmit chain is mainly composed of RFDACs with a maximum sampling rate of 12GSPS, and supports the first/second Nyquist mode. The receiving and feedback links are mainly composed of RFADCs with a maximum sampling rate of 3GSPS; the transceiver links support independent DSA gain control, 8 pairs of 29.5 GSPS Serdes are interconnected with the host, and an on-board high-frequency clock with low-frequency input is integrated. Compared with the previous generation product, the power consumption of this product is reduced by 30%.
Beautiful digital RF direct acquisition
TI has many years of accumulation in the field of analog/digital mixed RF signals. AFE7920 is a digital RF direct acquisition chip developed based on TI's rich experience, which has many advantages over pure analog integration.
First, operators usually have an instantaneous bandwidth requirement of up to 400MHz in the sub 6GHz band, and at least 400MHz/800MHz in the millimeter wave band. TI's transceivers can support up to 800MHz bandwidth, meeting all Sub 6GHz and some millimeter wave application requirements.
Second, full-scene support enables platform normalization. Compared with 4G, the form of 5G base station is more abundant, including macro station, small station, Massive MIMO, etc. The same chip can support different base station forms, allowing customers to reduce development costs and launch products on the market faster.
It also supports mixed mode. A 4T4R single-mode chip is split into two independent 2T2Rs carrying different frequency bands to realize a single-chip mixed-mode scenario. For example, 2T2R TDD+2T2R FDD, etc. Furthermore, the ultra-high sampling rate of the RF direct-sampling architecture makes dual-band digital remote possible, enabling channel-level dual-band transmission and reception, such as 1.8GHz+2.1GHz dual-band applications in macro station scenarios (from ASIC /FPGA, receive 1.8GHz and 2.1GHz baseband signals respectively, realize digital combination inside the chip, and finally carry out dual-band transmission through the same transmission channel, receiving is its reverse operation), the radio frequency of the two frequency bands is extended The distance can reach 3GHz to meet the needs of customers in different aspects.
In addition, the digital RF direct sampling technology does not require mirroring and local oscillator calibration, which simplifies the development of the entire system. It also provides a chip self-checking and alarm mechanism, and flexible settings for system functions such as antenna calibration and green energy saving.
Wenjing emphasized that for technologies such as Massive MIMO and beamforming, although the important thing is the algorithm, the RF direct sampling technology only provides hardware implementation for the algorithm. But without chips with high integration and high synergy between channels, next-generation antenna technologies such as Massive MIMO will only be on paper.
5G sees China, RF direct acquisition transceivers see TI
In 2017, China's first-generation 4G MIMO base station adopted TI's 4T4R RF direct acquisition chip, and China's first-generation 5G base station also adopted TI's RF signal chain solution. It is worth mentioning that many of the demand for this series of products came from Chinese customers, and Wenjing participated in and led the product definition. This is also the difference between TI and its competitors, that is, the focus of 5G product definition is China, which is closer to the needs of Chinese customers. This is also one of the manifestations of TI's 35 years of deep cultivation in China.
TI has played an extremely important role in the construction of 5G base stations in China, spanning 2G/3G/4G/5G networks, including macro stations, Massive MIMO, small stations and other station types. And TI is constantly improving its products to support more channels, greater bandwidth and lower power consumption to meet the constantly updated needs of customers. TI's newly released AFE8092 8T8R RF direct-acquisition multi-band transceiver is based on the AFE7920 through further architectural innovation. While improving the integration, it once again achieved a 30% reduction in power consumption in the same scenario. Compared with 4T4R products, it can better meet the needs of Massive MIMO.
In order to cope with the complex 5G communication architecture, the evolution of active antenna systems is much faster than before. These include the need to reduce signal chain size and complexity while providing wide bandwidth and multiple frequencies; high-density power management that can operate at high ambient temperatures; and network synchronization through packet-based fronthaul interfaces. In addition to the highly integrated analog front end, TI also provides power supplies, clocks, MCUs, amplifiers, interfaces, etc. to achieve a full system solution.
Not long ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the "5G Application "Sail" Action Plan (2021-2023)" and officially solicited opinions. The goal is to significantly improve the development level of 5G applications in my country by 2023, and the comprehensive strength will continue to increase; The penetration rate of 5G personal users exceeds 40%, and the number of users exceeds 560 million; 5G network access traffic accounts for more than 50%, and the utilization efficiency of 5G network has been significantly improved; the average annual growth rate of 5G IoT terminal users exceeds 200%.
5G base stations are the cornerstone of new information infrastructure. TI has a complete range of analog and embedded processing products, strong local manufacturing and R&D capabilities, and a nationwide product distribution and sales network to help Chinese customers achieve lower latency and higher data. The high-speed 5G system promotes more innovative applications and empowers China's new infrastructure. TI has been rooted in China for 35 years, and has always been consistent in meeting future challenges with Chinese customers.
The integrated circuit is very small, and the world of "heart" can be bigger.
About Texas Instruments (TI)
Texas Instruments (TI) (NASDAQ: TXN) is a global semiconductor company that designs, manufactures, tests and sells analog and embedded processing chips for industrial, automotive, personal electronics, communications Markets such as devices and enterprise systems. We are committed to making electronics more affordable and creating a better world through semiconductor technology. Today, each generation of innovation builds on the previous generation, making our technology smaller, faster, more reliable, and more affordable, enabling semiconductors to be widely used in electronics. This is the advancement of engineering. . This is exactly what we have been doing for decades and now.


Improvement in the field of technology was the most remarkable in last few years. This is the improvement in technology which has given the current shape of world today. It was started from the Great invention of Computer and then internet blessed it with a new way of improvement which is still going on and now will never ends.
Increase Mobile surfing
Mobile phone was one of the greatest inventions of the past few years. And continuous growth in the field of cell phones has evolved the world into a new phase of growth. Integration of three major inventions computer, internet and cell phone itself has given the shape of today’s Cell phone. As you know all basic computer jobs are now possible to done through a cell phones due to great improvement in mobile phone sector. Due to internet integration now cell phones has become a walking devise of information. Accessing internet through mobile phones has become very easy now and only due to that reason mobile internet surfing has been doubled during last year.
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People are now more interested in surfing internet through mobiles as it is more comfortable and easy to use, as it is more compatible with internet and easy to carry anywhere no other connecting devices are required and many more benefits are also related to this. So due to these reasons surfing on mobiles has been increased, according to research showing figures of percentage of mobile surfing, shows that mobile surfing was only 4% of total searches on internet through mobile phones last year which now has been increased to reach up to 8.5% this year.
This increasing trend is very remarkable according to SEO point of view; there is no need of so much change in Mobile SEO strategies but the thing which must keep in mind is to develop your sites in such a way that could be operated through mobile phones, which are compatible with mobile phones.


How To Check Carrier Aggregation On Your Phone
Carrier Aggregation was first unveiled in the year 2015 by 3GPPP. After which the OEMs and SoC manufacturers started to implement this so that further it can be used on mobile devices. Carrier aggregation can be helpful to a lot of users when it comes to connectivity of the internet or getting good and stable high-speed internet. So if you are unaware of carrier aggregation then go ahead and have a read to this article and I am sure you will get a lot of information about carrier aggregation, its working and there is a guide on how to check carrier aggregation on your phone so make sure to check that out if you want to know whether carrier aggregation is present in your smartphone or not.
What is Carrier Aggregation?
Carrier Aggregation is basically a technique that is used by the telecom brands and OEMs that combine more than one frequency bands to offer more bandwidth which leads to faster internet and better stability of the internet. Bands play a major role in wireless communication as they are the spectrums of specific frequencies which are used for communicating between devices. Consider it like the time taken to transfer data if there is only one band which is used to send and receive data and the time is taken for the same data to transfer with the help of multiple bands, the speed of transferring the same data could be double or even triple depending on the number of bands you are connected to.
As we all know by now that for carrier aggregation multiple frequencies are involved for a single device, so they are called component carriers and have six specific frequencies:1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz. usually, a user at a given specific time can combine only up to 5 of these component carriers to transmit the aggregated bandwidth of up to 100 Mhz. Aggregating two component carriers will be called 2CA. Similarly, for three-component carriers it would be called 3CA and so on.
Types of Carrier Aggregation
For Carrier Aggregation the component carriers are usually assigned in three ways.
- So when two or more component carriers are of the same frequency band then they are placed together. this is called intra-band aggregation. The intra-band carrier aggregation is one of the most common methods used in wireless communication.
- However, if the same intra-band carrier aggregation are of the same frequency but are separated with a spectrum gap then it is called intra-band non-contiguous carrier aggregation.
- Finally, if the carrier aggregation are done with different frequencies then they are not placed together instead are placed in a separate frequency block. This is called inter-band carrier aggregation and not to mention this is the most complex method of aggregating the frequencies, but in return, this is the one that gives out the most data speeds.
One major advantage of Carrier Aggregation is that it also helps in balancing the load in the transmission of data. Allow me to explain, most of the frequency band which are used in carrier aggregation or even in general has a primary component carrier called as PCell and an SCell(Secondary cell). So whenever, the PCell is fully occupied and cannot take any more load, then the SCell gets activated for data transmission, thus it eases the load of the PCell and it also gives faster data transmission as it works simultaneously.
How it Helps General Users
If you are someone who wants better connectivity and higher data speeds on your device no matter what then make sure before you purchase your next smartphone it dies support 3CA or 4CA arrangement. If your device would be having this then it will give good data speed even when the signal is pretty low, thus carrier aggregation is a must in a 2021 modern smartphone. Recently, Qualcomm introduced a new modem which is used in most of the smartphones that are powered by Qualcomm’s chipsets, the modem is called an X5 LTE modem and it comes with a 2CA arrangement.
Most of the Xiaomi and Redmi devices have been reported that it misses any type of carrier Aggregation even with the hardware being present it is disabled by software. When it comes to Carrier Aggregation OnePlus and Samsung does the best as far as we have tested.
How To Find Carrier Aggregation Support on a Smartphone?
if you have an Android device with whom you want to check the support of Carrier Aggregation then simply download this NetMonster app from Google Play Store.
- After you have finished installing the app, open the app and inside it, you will see the band combination mentioned on the top of the page.
- If it shows a + sign with the band frequencies then it means that your device supports carrier Aggregation.
It also depends on the area or the region you are living in or the network provider as well. There could be a scenario where your device might support carrier aggregation but your current location doesn’t have such bands which support carrier aggregation so it won’t show up.
So with the help of Carrier aggregation, you can get high-speed internet and better connectivity as well. Make sure you choose the right network provider that supports Carrier Aggregation and the right smartphone which has support for Carrier Aggregation. For instance mostly, in metro cities, almost all of the big network providers do support Carrier Aggregation.


A computer network is a complex structure consisting of various components. Such a mechanism requires the perception of how each device operates on the intranet and how networks interact with one another. Therefore, before you install the network, you need to do the preparatory work: identify the functions or tasks that the network will have to perform, design the network topology, and so on. One of the most important stages of computer network deployment is structural design. Our company's long experience in this field allows us to provide only professional services, because only a well-designed and thoughtful network in the future will prevent bigger problems.
We perform all necessary settings on your computer and on the network to ensure that your network and the data traveling through it are safe.
We will design networks using Group Models and Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs). We will also ensure that the distances between the relevant equipment do not exceed the distance provided by the equipment in the technical requirements.


A loop system is an electro magnetic field that spans a room, it allows hearing aid users to connect to one specific sound source within the room and cut out all extra noise. With the aim to be able to pick up only what you want to be listening to. Loop systems are widely becoming mandatory in many public places.
Here are five example situations a loop system is beneficial:
1) Hearing a staff member in the post office behind the screen. Using a loop system will link you straight to their microphone eliminating the barrier of the screen and other people talking.
2) Listening to a service at church even at the back. By using a loop system you will hear the vicor just as if you were sitting at the front.
3) Listening at a busy checkout counter. A loop system will allow you to hear the cashier and non of the background noise of the shop.
4) Watching a performance at the theatre. Using a loop system you will hear everything performed on stage just as well whever you are in the audience and will not pick up people talking or eating resfreshments next to you.
5) A reception desk at a GP surgery. A loop system will allow you to hear the receptionist or health care proffesional behind the desk without the need for them to raise their voice potentially disclosing any personal details. (Click the below video to see this example)
<iframe src=”https://www.youtube.com/embed/tGXnBR2KRms” name=”fitvid0″ frameborder=”0″></iframe>
You can also get personal loop system’s which can be set up in your own home, these are especially useful for use with the television. Action on Hearing Loss has a great range of equipment avalaible: http://www.actiononhearingloss.org.uk/shop/products-for-hearing-tv-and-m… (link is external)
- A loop system is only available to hearing aid users or those with a loop listener.
- All services available to the general public must have an induction loop.
- The ‘T’ position is what was used with the analogue hearing aids. The normal procedure to know connect on to the loop is by pressing a button on your hearing aid until you hear a select number of beeps which corresponds to the loop setting. On alot of NHS hearing aids this tends to be program 3 (3 beeps)
- If you are in a loop area and it appears your hearing aid isn’t working, it may be the building does not have their loop system switched on
- If you are NOT in a loop area and you try to use the loop, your hearing aid may appear dead. This is something to check that you have not accidently put your hearing aid, on the loop, if your hearing aid is not working.
The UK Disability Discrimination Act states that “Any business or organisation providing a product or service to the general public must have an Induction Loop System fitted wherever information is verbally provided”. If you are a bussiness in need of a loop system click the image below:


Test the stability of your internet connection?
In case of micro-break of your Internet connection, to play online (…) the stability and the quality of your connection is important.
Using this website
This website allows you to test the stability of your internet connection without having any application to install and without having a headache :)
Using the ping command
The ping command is available on all operating systems (Window, Linux …), but on some smartphones you will probably need to download a third-party application.
Reliability of this tool?
Although this tool is reliable, the ping time measurement is indicative and not as accurate as the ping command. This is due to the fact that the tool uses the HTTP protocol(S).


Jim Belknap - Information Technology Director
(719) 589 - 2593
fax: (719) 589-9454
Mission Statement: The mission of the Information Technology Department is to deliver quality and innovative information technology solutions to enhance efficiency, reduce paperwork, reduce costs, and streamline the flow of information to the citizens, business community, City departments, Constitutional offices, and other governmental agencies
- Provide a reliable network and communication infrastructure on which user departments can conduct City business operations.
- Provide timely and effective resolution to the department's technology needs.
- Maintain the highest availability of network resources to users by keeping network downtime to a minimum Increase the fault tolerance and reliability of network resources.
- Provide adequate support personnel along with the training and tools to promptly respond to the department needs.
Provides services and support for the City of Alamosa related to:
- Systems analysis, designing, and programming for computer services.
- City-wide software and hardware computer audits and inventory.
- Internet Services (Training, Support, and Web page development/maintenance).
- On-site computer software training.
- Network cable installation.
- Online services for the patron's to contact the Library system.
- Installation and Maintenance of the entire Southern Peaks Public Library Public Computer Systems.
- Emergency Support function of coordinating all communications with outside agencies in emergency situations, including: telephone services, line ordering, cable installations, fax machines, and Cellular Phones.
- Coordinating all telephone services, placing orders, and trouble reporting.
- Technology research and analysis for all services used by or anticipated for use by the City of Alamosa.
- Ordering and monitoring all telephone circuits used for the network, installation of new telephone workstations and programming.
- Telephone and voice mail systems maintenance.
- PC Hardware support and maintenance.
Contact the Information Technology Department at 719-589-2593 or firstname.lastname@example.org


Network Engineer: We are seeking an Network Engineer with the following skills and experience:
- Designing, implementing or supporting complex networks.
- In-Depth technical understanding in a wide range of networking technologies
- Thorough knowledge of the TCP/IP protocol Suite, VLSM, IP address allocation
- Detailed understanding of products such as Cisco, Juniper, F5 and Fortinet.
- Experience in Network implementations
The technology stack we’d like the Network Engineer to have include:
- Cisco Routing and Switching (Cisco ACI, NXOS, Arista, ASR, CSR, CSP)
- Juniper Routing and Switching
- F5 Load Balancers (LTM and GTM)
- Fortigate Firewalls
- Juniper Firewalls
- Cisco Wireless
- Bluecoat / Symantec Proxy


The easiest way to attach an IED to a vehicle is by using a magnet. This disrupts the magnetic field of the car’s chassis. Talos uses state of the art technology to detect these types of disruptions, making it the most advanced detection system of its type in the world. Talos is tested to assure full functionality to warn you about any danger, even in situations where there is heavy Radio Frequency interference.
The avantages of Talos
Talos uses 'state of the art' CMOS technology to provide the most advanced detection system of it's type available in the world today. Using microprocessor techniques, the Talos system, carries out advanced Noise Cancellation and Ambient Magnetic Threshold measurements to ensure that the system is effective even in the most intense R.F.I. environments.
Talos is a dual function system. It gives the driver a visual warning if a magnet of reasonable strenght is fitted to the underside of the car. The system also provides a visual warning if the car doors, boot or bonnet are released whilst the driver is absent form the vehicle.
Features and benifits:
Please download technical product material with detailed information about all TSS International products from our download page.


There are three toggle switches on the front:
The digital circuits are on a single circuit board. This is a dual layer tin-plated PCB. The display counter consists of SN74142 IC's, each of them containing a decimal counter, latch and decimal decoder/nixie driver. The counter has a 1 MHz time base counter. Its signal is divided to a gate signal by a 6-stage divider chain made of SN7490 decimal counters. Another few TTL circuits are used to build up the control unit.
The input circuit is built up on a small circuit board. It contains a comparator for the 50 MHz input and a xxx fast counter for the 500 MHz input.
After a quick visual check I switched on the counter. It seemed to work but the display did not show all zeroes but 40-60 counts. There seemed to be interference caused by the fact that the input was open. When I connected it to the output of a signal generator, and put my FC7008 counter in parallel, I could see that they almost had the same readout.
I checked the frequency of the time base oscillator and got 1.000006 MHz. I decided to trust the FC7008 and set the time base to exactly 1 MHz.
This counter is working ok now. Only, its input sensitivity is not very good. And it tends to pick up interference when not connected to a low impedance source.


Hundreds of thousands visit the most popular IP Address related website, IP-Adress.com, every single day, even weekends, but diving deeper into those visitors reveals a growing trend – mobility. Mobile usage continues to grow and as always, we continue to respond, supply, and adapt to cater to our user base and what they need.
On that note, we have some exciting projects we are working on to supply the 15,000 unique daily users who come from mobile devices alone! Yes, 15,000 from iPhones, iPads, and Android devices each and every day – and just from IP-Adress.com.
From a top level partnership announcement coming soon, to our own direct mobile solution, the mobile community will continue to benefit from current projects coming down the pipeline in a few weeks.
We will ensure that our most important visitor has the tools needed for a successful experience. The Paul Internet network will also tailor to the numerous mobile users from our other properties as well, and we are exciting and prepping for future growth in those.


ArcGIS Web Adaptor 10.8.1 connecting to ArcGIS Server only on HTTPS (Port: 6443), where as ArcGIS Server protocol is still allowing "HTTP Only".
By keeping ArcGIS Server protocol on "HTTP Only", is there way to configure Web Adaptor to connect ArcGIS Server on port 6080?
My inclination is to turn this around and ask "why do you want to use HTTP only for the server?"
Every build I have completed (for the last few years) has been "HTTPS only" on the ArcGIS Server, and HSTS on the web server, which upgrades HTTP requests to HTTPS. That's the approach I'd recommend for everyone. I do not see value in using the HTTP only.
Sorry, not the answer you probably want, but HTTP is dead so it needs to be asked.
There is a way to configure the Web Adaptor form a commandline, but even there you cannot override the ports:
I second what Scott said here.
If your underlying ISS is not configured to receive http traffic (as in, no port 80 open) and you fore ArcGIS Server to communicate over the WA over http only, you will be unable to access ArcGIS Server over the WA.
That being said, I would strongly urge you to configure this using https and not http.


In the era of technology and telecommunication, almost all sectors of industry are in need of reliable telecommunication system. Over the years, we have built our portfolio of providing solutions and products for various market segments including:
Cellular telecommunication operator has expanded their network to keep up with the consumer’s demand for a higher speed data communication.This cellular network has to be supported by reliable high-speed backhaul infrastructure. In remote areas, terrestrial backhaul was expensive, making satellite backhaul is the only choice.
As business is becoming more challenging, banking and finance organizations require more efficient and lower-cost infrastructure, while producing new revenues. TeleNet communication solution can manage transaction from branches, ATMs, and other finance transaction efficiently during low volume and high transmission.
Indonesia consists of many islands including some that are hard to reach by communication network that uses wire or microwave technology. This causes some of the government programs cannot reach these parts of Indonesia. Therefore TeleNet with its VSAT technology is one solution that is employed by the government at this moment.
Most farms are located in the village, far from the city and terrestrial communication network, which makes it difficult to communicate with the other parts of the world. Reliable VSAT technology that can deal with Indonesia geographic boundaries, is an effective solution in solving communication isolation from the farming areas to the rest of world for data and voice communication.
Off-shore oil and gas exploration and mining require active and reliable connection for remote operation more than ever. Critical mission and application such as real-time drilling data management, seismic information, live video on surveillance and the capability of network organization is very important. Therefore, TeleNet provides the right communication solution to fulfill these requirements.
Retail distribution and company consist of branches, warehouses, product distribution, point of sales, outlet, etc. TeleNet communication solutions, including VSAT can manage big and various database from company’s application, giving video streaming for employee training, to promotional digital content. With VSAT technology we can broadcast data to all outlets in the network, which results on price accuracy in all outlets.
Telemedicine is one sector that uses telecommunication in medicine with the application of satellite technology in providing information and long-distance medical services. Nowadays the application of telemedicine uses VSAT technology to broadcast consultation between health facilities using video conference.
Property has vastly expanded in the big cities as well as in the smaller cities of Indonesia. Developers has used Wi-Fi for video, voice, and data telecommunication. This property network is connected through VSAT connection for property developers’s Wi-Fi network communication.
With the ever-incrasing demand of consumers for a better quality TV broadcast, satellite communication system especially the aplication of digital video broadcasting satellite (DVB-S) has become a sollution in broadcasting digital TV. This application is a satellite broadcast receiver media that is an input media for digital TV broadcast as a downlink signal received thorough antenna and later aired as a digital broadcast.
E-learning is one form of learning that uses communication network by electronic media and Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This makes it possible for the learning materials to be delivered to students without having to be in a classroom. Therefore VSAT technology is one of the main solutions in this kind of communication network.
Production processes with a number of factories in different areas, has its advantages to increase operational efficiency. By using communication satellite, communications between factories will become more efficient. All operational activities can be easily controlled by the head office. Data on raw materials to production output can be accessed in no time. Communication network connected through VSAT can be used for voice communication just like regular phone. With voice-over-satellite, all factories are able to communicate using regular PABX (Close user group)


Hybrid Polymer Capacitors Technology Trends
June 28, 2019
Aluminum non-solid electrolytic capacitors (electrolytic capacitors) are used in many electronic devices as inexpensive, small-size, and large-capacitance devices.
However, electrolytic capacitors have higher resistance than other capacitors and their characteristics are sensitive to temperature. Especially in the low temperature range, the increase in the resistance and the decrease in the capacitance are remarkable, making the it not suitable for equipment used in low temperature.
In order to overcome this weakness, the development of electrolytes mainly affecting the electric characteristics has been extensively carried out. Now, electric characteristics of electrolytic capacitors have been improved, and longer life-time, lower resistance, smaller temperature dependence have been achieved, leading to considerable improvement of their performance. As a result, their adoption has been expanding in devices, such as in-vehicle, industrial, communication devices, and others requiring high reliability in a wide temperature range.
For in-vehicle equipment, the extension of functions has progressed in recent years mainly for safety systems such as advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) and for the full-scale introduction of automatic driving. In addition, as environ-mental regulations become severe, computerization of vehicles has been advancing. For this reason, the number of electronic control units (ECUs) mounted on in-vehicle devices has also increased significantly. Conventionally, in-vehicle ECUs are installed in a cabin space free from significant temperature variation and strong vibration. However, for the purpose of securing sufficient cabin space and reducing wire harnesses, installation in the engine room has become popular.
The temperature and vibration environment inside the engine room is more severe than inside the cabin. Therefore, the capacitors mounted on ECUs are required to have higher temperature and vibration resistance than before.
Moreover, demands for space saving, weight reduction, and power efficiency for in-vehicle devices increase the performance requirements, such as miniaturization, lower equivalent series resistance (ESR), and higher ripple current, which cannot be dealt with by conventional electrolytic capacitors. In order to respond to these requirements, Rubycon Corporation has developed a high-performance hybrid capacitor based on the conventional conductive polymer aluminum solid electrolytic capacitor (conductive polymer capacitor) using its original hybrid technology, thus contributing to the high functionality of in-vehicle equipment.
This article introduces the technological trend of conductive polymer aluminum solid electrolytic capacitor (hybrid), which the company has developed up to now.
Development of Conductive Polymer Capacitor
Conductive polymer aluminum solid electrolytic capacitors use conductive polymers with excellent conductivity. They feature small temperature variation property and small resistance; can deal with high ripple current; and exhibit little aging of electric characteristics. Compared with an electrolytic solution, the conductive polymer has poor repairability of the dielectric fi lm. The upper limit of the rated voltage of the capacitors has been said to be 25V, making them less adaptable for in-vehicle ECUs.
The company elevated its development activities to solve these problems. As a result, Rubycon released in 2013 the PZA Series conductive polymer capacitors, which adopt an original polymer technology featuring high-purity PEDOT poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and included a characteristic stabilizer and reaction inhibitor. The PZA Series features rated voltage up to 63V and maintains the characteristics of the conventional conductive polymer capacitor.
After that, the company has commercialized the surface-mounted PAV Series (105ºC product), which adopt the same polymer technology, and then the PZC and PCV Series (125ºC product), which guarantee high temperature operation, thus enhancing product variety.
Adoption of Original Hybrid Technology
The developed conductive polymer capacitors realize lower resistance, higher ripple current, and better temperature characteristics in comparison with the conventional electrolytic capacitor. However, its size is slightly larger and the electrostatic capacitance remains smaller as shown in Table 1. It incorporates a characteristic stabilizer with the function of repairing the dielectric film. In comparison with the electrolytic solution used in the electrolytic capacitor, however, the film’s repair-ability remains small. Therefore, the product with the same rated voltage has to use an anode foil with a voltage resistance higher than the electrolytic capacitor. As a result, the conductive polymer capacitor has a capacitance smaller than the electrolytic capacitor.
(Conductive polymer hybrid type)
(Conductive polymer Capacitor)
(Non-solid Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor)
Example of performance comparison (25WV-Φ10 products)
In order to solve this problem, the company has developed a unique gel with a function of repairing the dielectric fi lm without hindering the performance of the conductive polymer. Adding this material — a process called hybridization — enables reduction of the withstanding voltage of the anode foil while maintaining the performance of the conductive polymer capacitor. With this technology, the company has developed PFV Series 125ºC hybrid capacitor that realizes the same high capacitance as the electrolytic capacitor. They were introduced into the market in 2015.
As the original functional gel does not contain ionic components, it does not affect the electrical characteristics of the capacitor. The electrical characteristics of the PFV Series are determined only by the performance of the conductive polymer. Therefore, it maintains stable electric characteristics from low temperature to high temperature, and with little change in aging characteristics over a long period of time (Figures 1 and 2), which are features of the conductive polymer capacitor itself
Furthermore, the functional gel is thermally more stable than the solvent used for the conventional electrolytic solution. The amount of diffusion from the sealing rubber to the outside of the capacitor is one-third or less of the electrolytic solution. In addition, the gel also has a function of suppressing degradation of the conductive polymers. These contribute greatly to the long-term re-liability of the capacitor.
During the development of the PFV Series, the company has used the original hybrid technology, adopted a SMD type new sealing material having high heat resistance, and improved the manufacturing method. It has supplied a product line that guarantees operation at high temperature, such as the PHV Series at 135ºC guaranteed and the PLV Series at 150ºC guaranteed (Figure 3). Today, the company has further improved its original hybrid technology and newly developed the PSV Series compatible with high ripple current and 135ºC (Photo 1).
Features of PSV Series
Tables 2 and 3 show a comparison of the specifications of the PSV Series and conventional products.
With the improved heat resistance and ESR performance, the PSV Series has made it possible to maintain stable ESR characteristics for a long period of time even when it is used in high temperature (Figure 4). It guarantees the industry’s top-rated ripple current that is 1.5 times of the ripple current of the conventional product (PHV Series). Furthermore, the standard value of ESR after the durability test is set as the value same as the initial ESR standard of conventional products.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the size to Φ8 products where Φ10 products are conventionally used due to the constraint imposed by the ripple current. In addition, it is possible to contribute to equipment’s miniaturization and weight reduction by reducing the number of capacitors when multiple capacitors are required.
|-55ºC ～ +135ºC
|Rated voltage range
|25V ～ 63V
|33µF ～ 330µF
|Φ8×10.5L ～ Φ10×10.5L
Table 2: Main specifications of PSV Series
|-55ºC – +135ºC
|-55ºC – +135ºC
|Rated voltage-Rated capacitance
|Rated ripple current(135ºC,100㎑)
|ESR after durability test(MAX)
Table 3: Comparison of specifications with conventional products
Considering the use in a low-temperature environment, such as in cold climates, the ESR specifications of -40ºC and 100kHz have been set both before and after the durability test. Electrolytic capacitors used for the in-vehicle equipment may suffer from significant changes in their electrical characteristics at low-temperature environments and near the end of their lifetime. Therefore, there is a tendency to select over-specified capacitors by increasing the size beforehand.
The PSV Series has excellent lifetime characteristics at high temperature and follows ESR standards before and after the durability test. This enables wide selection for the appropriate capacitor. In addition, the series has high moisture resistance and over-temperature resistance, making the series optimal products for in-vehicle devices used in a wide temperature range.
As described in the preceding sections, the conductive polymer capacitor (hybrid) features low resistance, high ripple cur-rent, outstanding temperature characteristics, and durability. Therefore, its use has already started in every equipment.
In automotive applications, in particular, the 48V mild hybrid system, which is being developed mainly in Europe, has become popular, and the conversion of high power applications, which do not use electricity, to electric will advance. Therefore, the demand for high-performance capacitors will grow more than ever. Also, the development of safety functions and automatic operation will cause huge expansion for various sensors. As a result, the number of capacitors to be mounted is expected to drastically increase.
Compact high-power capacitors are used not only for auto-motive equipment, but for varieties of other equipment. In fact, their usage is expanding in portable home appliances and electric tools requiring miniaturization, outdoor communication equipment requiring high reliability, and lighting equipment. In order to respond to these market demands, the company will continue to improve its original hybrid technology. It will continue to enhance the product lineup by increasing the size variation, increasing the capacitance, lowering resistance, in-creasing allowable ripple current, increasing operational temperature, increasing resistance to high-voltage, and others.
*This is an article which was published in the column of High Technology in Dempa Shimbun published on 24rd January 2019.


Livonia, MI, US
Thanks, WhatNow100. So the takeaway is: overkill for the in-wall wiring, to be future proof. It's hard to retrofit later, so do it now. No need whatsoever for the 1900 Mbps WAP or gigabit modems/routers that are multiples faster than the cable service, as any of that stuff is easily accessible, and will be obsolete by the time internet service will catch up speed-wise.
I'm missing something. Why does the hardware & wiring have to be so much "faster" than the internet service? In the house that is wired for the article, the WAP speed is 1900 Mbps, but they recommend 50 Mbps for the cable internet speed. That's 38x faster, and as the article mentions, wireless is "slow" vs wired. The Cat6/Cat6a wire - capable of 10 gigabits is 200x faster than the 50 Mbps internet speed mentioned. Is there a technical need to be many times faster on the hardware than the service? Or is this overkill to be future proof?
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