AC/DC power supplies are used in many applications, including consumer electronics, robotics, military, and medical. They can also be referred to by the name AC/DC converter.
An accurate power supply circuit design must start with the PCB due to the current trend of ever-lower power supply voltages, compact footprints, low weight, and high efficiency.
Modern electronic devices often need five or more power rails with unique electrical properties and capabilities. This makes it harder to design the power supply – the part of the electronic device which is essential to its performance, reliability, and longevity.
This article will explore the significant issues engineers have to deal with when designing a PCB for an AC/DC power source, such as output voltage stability and thermal control. It will also examine electromagnetic interference, power lines, and signal integrity. By following the simple rules in this article, the designer can anticipate these issues and prevent them from affecting the PCB design.
AC/DC Power Supplies: Classification
The AC/DC power supply market is vast but can be classified based on critical factors.
- Custom or integrated: Design based only on discrete components or on integrated regulators/converters (IC)
- Technology: switching or linear?
- Electrical characteristics: input voltage range (fixed or variable), output voltage type, output power, efficiency, and more
- Mechanical characteristics: size, weight, type of cooling system, open frame, or enclosed.
About the first point, we can state that, in many cases, the best solution would be to use integrated devices. These offer a variety of advantages, including the simplification of a project, the reduction of BOM, the time to market, and the availability of integrated diagnostics and protection capabilities. For some applications such as high-power, radio frequency, or niche, it may be necessary to use discrete power devices.
The choice of linear or switching power supply, also known as SMPS (short for Switched-Mode Power Supply), depends on the application.
Linear is the oldest but still relevant conversion technology. Although linear AC/DC supplies are not without their advantages, such as low efficiency and power losses, this thrill is used successfully in applications that require high reliability, soft sound, quick recovery, rapid reaction times, and minimal radiated emissions.
LDO (Low DropOut) regulators are an important class of linear power supply. To maximize the efficiency of LDOs, you must minimize the difference between the input voltage (or voltage) and the output voltage. It is also essential to choose regulators that have a low thermal resistance. This will prevent the regulator from rapidly overheating above its optimal operating temperature.
Switching power supplies have become the reference standard for converting AC and DC voltage. This type of conversion operates in a closed loop and is typically non-linear. It uses feedback signals to maintain regulation. Switching regulators may be more efficient and provide better code. However, they can be complicated to design since multiple devices are involved, including significant passive elements like inductors and capacitors.
SMPS power supply units are more complex to design, but they guarantee very high-efficiency levels, surpassing those of the best linear power sources. It allows for better thermal control. The presence of components that switch at high frequencies produces significant amounts of electromagnetic noise. This EMI can affect the quality of the electrical signal to the point that it may cause malfunctions or damage to specific components. This is why linear technology is preferred for electromedical and laboratory instruments.
Layout and Routing
The layout of AC/DC PCBs is crucial since it directly impacts electromagnetic interference (EMI), signal and power integrity, and well and supply efficiency.
A good layout also increases the power conversion efficiency and draws heat away from the hot components. It can also reduce the noise level. In this context, the size of the conductive trace is crucial. It reduces the heat generated by the PCB and increases its reliability under load conditions. A bad layout can lead to problems with high currents or significant voltage differences.
Here are some simple but valid routing rules:
- Use traces as straight and short as possible to connect power devices.
- Avoid inserting sharp edges or curves inside traces, as they can concentrate the electrical field at specific points on the PCB.
- Traces with high voltage differentials must be separated.
- Avoid placing high-voltage traces on the innermost layer of the PCB. In the innermost layer, it’s best to increase the space between the atoms.
- Avoid placing traces with sensitive signals or high data rates near power lines and regulators. This is especially true if the trails are switching types.
- In multilayer PCBs, the traces containing sensitive signals should be separated from the power lines by a ground layer (possibly a solid one).
- Signal traces must never be parallel to the power traces. Power traces are on a separate layer. To reduce noise coupling, signal traces should cross power supply traces with a 90deg angled angle.
- If this is not possible, use Vias to connect multiple layers. You can use Vias to connect various layers if this isn’t possible. Multiple vias may be required for higher currents. It is important to note that vias with a diameter of 14 mils can handle winds as high as 2A. Vias larger than 40 mils can handle currents over 5A.
Use large polygons or solid areas for ground planes. These areas have low impedance paths capable of dispersing sound and handling high return currents. They also allow heat to be dissipated away from critical components. Placing a ground plan on either side can absorb radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI), reduce ground loop noise, and eliminate errors.
AC/DC converters must comply with strict safety and electromagnetic interference regulations. It may be necessary to install EMI filters that meet the standard requirements.
Here are some possible actions:
- Test the EMI effects by performing a preliminary test without any additional filters.
- Find the frequencies that cause the most problems
- Keep power lines and sensitive signals as far as possible from the trace.
- Eliminate ground loops
- You can design an external filter that adds inductive elements to the AC input as a last resort.
The PCB stack up, determined by the arrangement and configuration of the layers within the PCB board, is an essential factor in the board’s performance concerning EMC. A well-designed stack allows for both the reduction of radiations generated by the cables and closed paths (differential modes emissions).
If space allows, it’s always good to include at least one solid plane in the PCB stack-up to provide sufficient electromagnetic shielding and increase immunity to crosstalk and noise. If you have space constraints, you can limit yourself to an area covering all PCB power supply components.


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We have always operated under the premise that putting our customer's success before our own just made common sense. So far, this has been the key to our success. Placing priority on their success, yields long-term loyalty. Through our care and commitment to their business, we have built a reputation for quality and reliability. Today, our customers range from home-office start-ups to Fortune 500 enterprises. Our ability to cater to the individual needs of our customers, regardless of size, has proven to be what sets us apart from our competitors.
IP Comms has played a vital roll in the growth and expansion of our customers’ businesses. We will continue to fuel that growth by increasing our service areas and maintaining an relentless effort to enhance the technologies that offer our customers increased reliability, flexibility, and serviceability.
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AEM Electronics X-Series AEMnet CAN bus gauges are like having multiple instruments in one display! Monitor different data channels from an Infinity ECU, Series 2, or EMS-4 standalone. View AFR or Lambda from X-Series wideband controllers or 4-channel wideband controllers. You can even check out vehicle speed and acceleration from a Vehicle Dynamics module.
These gauges connect to AEMnet-equipped devices through a 4-pin DTM connector and display in either US or metric units. X-Series units feature larger, bright 4-digit LED displays that provide better readability, fitted with a black faceplate and bezel. Plus, their slim, standard 2 1/16 in. diameter allows the gauges to be mounted practically anywhere.
- Choose which available channels you want to see, using buttons on the faceplate
- User-selectable wideband measurements (AFR or Lambda)
- Clear peak values for channels using buttons on the faceplate
- Automatically hides channels that aren't present on the data stream
- 24 green outer LEDs allow for quick reference to engine parameter
- Auto-dimming sensor delivers ideal display brightness
- Positive locking connector provides secure connection
- Compatible with 16 V vehicle systems
Payment & Security
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.


Speed Master is a tool that improves your internet connection speed and prevents you from being disconnected. Default registry settings are not optimized to give maximum performance. By optimizing these settings with Speed Master, you can increase dialup modem and broadband connection performance by as much as 200 %. Speed Master supports Dial-up Modem, Lan, Cable Modem, xDSL, ISDN, T1, Cable/DSL running PPPoE or PPTP, Satellite.
Speed Master includes the "Stay Connected". Stay connected is a tool which prevent you from connection drops. Some ISP's drop your connection due to inactivity. Stay connected sends a small TCP/IP packet to given URL to keep your connection active.
Speed Master is a free trial software application from the Other subcategory, part of the Network & Internet category.
The app is currently available in English and it was last updated on 2002-08-18. The program can be installed on Win95, Win98, WinME, WinNT 3.x, WinNT 4.x, Windows2000, WinXP, Windows2003.
Speed Master (version 1.0) has a file size of 2.40 MB and is available for download from our website.
Just click the green Download button above to start. Until now the program was downloaded 288 times.
We already checked that the download link to be safe, however for your own protection we recommend that you scan the downloaded software with your antivirus.


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Downloading, VoIP, video streaming, and online gaming all benefit from its high-speed design and powerful antenna, which ensure long range wireless coverage.
I suppose the only thing I have to lose is time! Discover more Wireless N solutions. The time now is Keep Up to Date! Please check with your supplier for exact offers.
ASUS N Dual-Band Wireless PCI-E Adapter PCE-N53 B&H Photo
Learn more about updating new firmware. I hadn’t aus across that askubuntu post.
Brand and product names mentioned are trademarks of their respective companies. Home Questions Tags Users Unanswered. Quoted network speeds and bandwidth based on current IEEE The computer needs to be connected to a wired network using an Ethernet connection in order to provide network access to WLAN asua.
I made a promise to myself that I wouldn’t use any of the more obscure distros – whether or not you consider Ultimate Edition a distro and whether or not you consider it obscure, I haven’t heard of it before, so I think I will pass at this point in time! Results 1 to 10 of Page 1 of 2 1 2 Last Jump to page: Specifications and features vary by model, and all images are illustrative. Using the convenience of a standard PCI Express connector, it delivers wide compatibility, fitting any x1, x2, x8, or x16 slot.
Discover more Wireless N solutions. Second thing you can do is upgrade your computer to You have nothing to lose by trying it. Connected devices must be I’ve been searching across the internet but I cannot find anything concrete about how I might go about this; any help would be greatly appreciated, thank you.
Sign up or log in Sign up using Google.
PCE-N53 | Networking | ASUS USA
The dual-band operating mode can satisfy both normal and power user: Press the hardware WPS button pce-n553 the router you would like to connect to, and that’s it! The friendly user interface further allows you to install and use the device as well as network applications quickly and easily.
Join Date Oct Beans 6. Flexible Dual-band Connection The dual-band operating mode can satisfy both normal and power user: Connected devices must be Keep Up to Date!


Researchers have unveiled a new technology that enables devices based on different Internet of Things (IoT) platforms to interwork and to become connected to each other.
The Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI) presented its new interworking technology, based on the oneM2M platform, at the oneM2M Showcase held in Dallas, Texas, on June 1 and 2.
The technology allows various devices to interwork on different IoT platforms, such as AllJoyn, Google Nest, Philips Hue and Jawbone. Even if home appliances and devices are based on different platforms, people can still use IoT services with the new technology.
At the showcase, KETI demonstrated how electronics, smart sockets and LED lights, among other things, all based on different IoT standards, can interwork with each other.
Moving forward, KETI plans to propose interworking technologies that can connect various IoT platforms and IoT standards that support legacy devices, meaning hardware and software that were developed in the past but are still used today. It also intends to standardize related technologies. When the interworking technologies are standardized, it will be open source, part of the “Open allianCE for iot stANdard” (OCEAN), an association of 130 IoT-related companies across the world, and let related companies use the technologies.
By Limb Jae-un
Korea.net Staff Writer
Photos courtesy of the KETI


Companions for KDC SmartSled Scanners
The KDC480 and KDC485 SmartSled Scanners are modular which allows them to not only be swapped to new SmartSled Cases when upgrading your phone or tablet but also allows for the fitting of companions to extend battery life, improve ergonomics, or add RFID reading capabilities. KDC SmartSled Companions are backwards and forwards compatible between KDC470/475/480/485 SmartSled Scanners. SmartSled Companions fit comfortably against the scanner and are affixed via screws. When ordered together with a SmartSled, the companion will come attached so you can use them out of the box.
The 2000mAh Extended Battery is ideal for ensuring your KDC and Smartphone or Tablet stay charged all day long.
The HF Reader Companion can read all High Frequency RFID tags with ease and speed.
The 0.5W UHF Reader Companion can read all Ultra High Frequency RFID tags with ease and speed.
The 1.0W UHF Reader Companion can read all Ultra High Frequency RFID tags with ease and speed and features a pistol grip.
The Pistol Grip contains a 6000mAh battery to extend the life of your KDC and Smartphone or Tablet.


CONNECT AFRICA UNVEILS RURAL TELECOMS HOOK-UP
Zambian low-cost rural communications and service provider teams up with Likusasa
Zambia’s rural telecommunications and service solutions company Connect Africa has unveiled a partnership with leading Zambian engineering and construction firm Likusasa Zambia, which is part of the Likusasa Africa Group.
The alliance underpins the companies’ bid to connect rural communities to existing mobile network operator’s networks through the deployment of innovative cost-effective base stations that enable rural communities to share in the mobile boom that is sweeping through Africa.
Zambia-based Connect Africa aims to harness Africa’s entrepreneurial spirit and recent innovations in GSM technology infrastructure to enable rural people and rural communities across Africa to improve their quality of life and economic well-being.
Recent significant financial backing coupled with its partnership with Likusasa has given the company the capacity to introduce and implement innovative new technologies and business models geared specifically to the rural GSM market across Africa.
Connect Africa’s objective is to build a sustainable ICT driven service business, headquartered in Lusaka, that improves the lives of rural Africans.
Delivery of education, agriculture and health services, along with other public and private sector services to rural communities will all be enhanced by the new connectivity, which uses state-of-the-art “low tower, low power” technology. This, combined with the Connect Africa Service Centre concept, will create jobs and enhance rural communities.
The strategy is part of Connect Africa’s “impact enterprise” model that aims to leverage innovative communication technologies for socio-economic development across Africa and beyond.


Joyroom 5W wireless Bluetooth speaker black (JR-ML01)
The Joyroom brand presents a wireless speaker with 5W output power. The brand took care of every detail of the loudspeaker and offered not only high quality but also an aesthetic appearance. Make a call with ease thanks to the built-in microphone. The device has an IPX4 waterproof certificate.
Maximum power: 5W
Input current: DC 3.7V / 0.5A
Support for TF cards (microSD)
Bluetooth: version 5.0
Bluetooth protocols: HSP / HFP / A2DP / AVR
Effective range: 8-10m (in open space)
Battery capacity: 3000 mAh
Play time: up to 18 hours (50% volume level)
Charging time: approximately 6 hours
S / N ratio: 86dB
Dimensions: 101,3 x 76 mm
Weight: 270 g
Need to make a call but don't want to distract yourself from your current task? Nothing easier! Thanks to the built-in microphone, you can do it with ease!
The perfect portable device
This portable device is very compact. You can put it anywhere because it takes up a minimum amount of space and is splash-proof - perfect for use at home or at a party!
Buy a complete kit
The speaker is sold in a set with a micro USB cable for charging the gadget.
The fun can be really long
After fully charging the 3000 mAh lithium-ion battery, the speaker can work for up to 18 hours (at medium volume). Your favorite music can accompany you almost around the clock!
Wireless operation and operation
You can operate the Joyroom loudspeaker easily and conveniently via Bluetooth.


- How to disable SIP ALG on a NETGEAR Router - 3CX
- FVS318v3 Product Support NETGEAR
- FVS318N Product Support NETGEAR
- How to setup Netgear Router/Firewall VPN -
MANUAL DE FAX SHARP UX-107A EN ESPANOL
How to disable SIP ALG on a NETGEAR Router - 3CX
This guide provides information that can be used to confure a Netgear Prosafe FVS33x or FVX53x device running firmware version 3.0.4 to support IPsec VPN client connectivity.
FVS318v3 Product Support NETGEAR
The Shrew Soft VPN Client has been tested with Netgear products to ensure interoperability.
FVS318N Product Support NETGEAR
The confuration example described below will allow an IPsec VPN client to communicate with a single remote private network.This example assumes you have knowledge of the Netgear gateway Web confuration interface.
How to setup Netgear Router/Firewall VPN -
The client uses the pull confuration method to acquire the following parameters automatiy from the gateway.
Netgear prosafe vpn firewall fvs318n manual:
Rating: 99 / 100
Overall: 97 Rates


Servlet API provides two important interfaces ServletResponse and HttpServletResponse to assist in sending response to client.
|PrintWriter ||returns a PrintWriter object that can send character text to the client.|
|void ||Sets the preferred buffer size for the body of the response|
|void ||Sets the length of the content body in the response In HTTP servlets, this method sets the HTTP Content-Length header|
|void ||sets the content type of the response being sent to the client before sending the respond.|
|void ||sets the preferred buffer size for the body of the response.|
|boolean ||returns a boolean indicating if the response has been committed|
|void ||sets the locale of the response, if the response has not been committed yet.|
HttpServletResponse interface adds the methods that relates to the HTTP response.
|void ||adds the specified cookie to the response.|
|void ||Sends a temporary redirect response to the client using the specified redirect location URL and clears the buffer|
|int ||gets the current status code of this response|
|String ||gets the value of the response header with the given name.|
|void ||sets a response header with the given name and value|
|void ||sets the status code for this response|
|void ||sends an error response to the client using the specified status and clears the buffer|


Wirefast is always striving to extend the functionality and usability of its world-class messaging platform, one of our most recent innovations is a full integration with Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems.
For over 20 years, many of the world’s largest corporate, financial institutions, media corporations and government agencies have relied on the Wirefast messaging gateway to deliver mission critical communications and secure messaging. With WMS Connect integration with your CRM environment you can give yourself and your business instant access to the communications that suit you.
The Wirefast Messaging platform gives you access to SMS, e-Fax, email, text-to-speech, telex and even INMARSAT-C messages. The functionality includes ad hoc message creation, template management and mass-message delivery, and all the in- and out-bound messages are linked directly to the appropriate fields within your CRM environment.
With Wirefast’s unrivalled global reach, you can use SMS to its full potential in providing innovative services – including 2-way SMS – to customers, wherever they are.
Rapid access to benefits
The application is easy to install and set up within your CRM and you will be able to take advantage of the service and access the benefits across your entire organization rapidly
- You will have peace of mind – our message notification function means you know when a message has arrived, with real time delivery and delivery receipts returned directly from the recipient.
- You will have an integrated and unified communication solution that’s as fast and convenient as email, with all messages stored in your CRM environment
- Secure communications – Wirefast provides a secure, carrier grade enterprise messaging gateway designed for easy integration to your existing applications, delivering a global, high availability network
- Monitoring and archiving – Messages sent through the Wirefast gateway are delivered with 24×7 message monitoring, delivery notification & seven year secure archive.


On Monday, Governor Ralph Northam announced the Southside Planning District Commission and EMPOWER Broadband would be awarded a $69,431,635 grant for broadband coverage.
The project will build fiber broadband to 11,527 unserved locations and achieve universal coverage in Brunswick, Charlotte, Halifax and Mecklenburg counties when combined with other projects.
The grant award will be leveraged with $84,677,555 from project partners EMPOWER Broadband and the counties of Brunswick, Charlotte, Halifax and Mecklenburg.
Attempts to reach county administrator Scott Simpson and chair of the Halifax County Board of Supervisors’ broadband committee Stanley Brandon were unsuccessful as of press time Thursday.
When applying for the grant, Simpson said, “EMPOWER Broadband has been actively deploying fiber-to-the-premises to our county and across the area with increasing intensity. They are delivering on their grant commitments and more of our citizens are receiving their robust broadband service on a weekly basis. If successful, this grant would be a significant development that would allow EMPOWER to extend its proven service even further into our county and region.”
Monday’s announcement comes as Virginia allocates more than $722 million to provide universal broadband infrastructure in 70 localities, which will close 90% of Virginia’s digital divide.
The funding—from the Virginia Telecommunication Initiative (VATI) and the federal American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA)—will support 35 projects, connecting more than 278,000 households, businesses and community anchor institutions to high-speed internet, and leverages more than $1 billion in private and local investments, pushing the total broadband investment in Virginia above $2 billion over the past four years.
In Halifax County, they plan to deploy 810 miles of fiber passing 4,007 locations.
EMPOWER has completed the initial 135-mile fiber backbone supported by Mecklenburg County in a 2018 grant from the Virginia Tobacco Commission. That backbone has served as the foundation for the further expansion of the highspeed network across the region. In Mecklenburg County, they plan to deploy 785 miles of fiber passing 9,085 locations in Mecklenburg County.
In Brunswick County, they plan to deploy 405 miles of fiber passing 3,445 locations.
Additionally, in southern Charlotte County they plan to deploy 88 miles of fiber passing 434 locations.
Dominion Energy and EMPOWER have executed an agreement for Dominion to deploy middle-mile service to facilitate EMPOWER extending last-mile service to previously unserved and underserved populations in Dominion’s service territory.
In addition to Dominion, EMPOWER also has an agreement with Mid-Atlantic Broadband Communities Corporation (MBC) to utilize their middle-mile fiber facilities when and where needed. The two entities also have a fiber sharing/trading agreement.
MBC and EMPOWER have worked in coordination over the last few years to leverage the middle-mile fiber network made possible by investments from the Commonwealth of Virginia. For this grant application, MBC proposed to provide 22 miles of fiber to EMPOWER to assist with the expansion of middle-mile services in Mecklenburg County.
Southside Electric Cooperative (SEC) will be partners with EMPOWER in the project as well. Needed in order to provide universal coverage, SEC will support the effort by providing valuable access to their facilities allowing EMPOWER to cross all electric utility boundaries and provide service to all.


A WiFi hotspot is a device that allows you to connect your enabled devices (e.g. laptop, smartphones, tablets, etc.) to the internet. The hotspot is portable so you can connect your device almost wherever you go. Check out a mobile hotspot with your library card!
Worcester County Library offers mobile Kajeet hotspots. They provide limited data on the Verizon network.
What do I need to check out a hotspot?
You need to be 18 years old or older, with a valid library card in good standing. One hotspot per library card.
How long is the checkout period?
The checkout period is 7 days.
Are there data limits?
Kajeet Verizon hotspots are limited to 300MB of data per day. You can monitor your daily data usage at kajeet.com/status.
300MB of data will provide up to, on average:
950 emails sent/received with attachments
3-4 hours of streaming music
50 webpages visited
56 social media posts with photos uploaded
4 Apps/games/songs downloaded
Streaming media uses more data and could increase usage over 300 MB.
Source: AT&T international data calculator.
If the device is overdue the data will be turned off.
How much does it cost to replace the hotspot if lost or damaged?
The replacement charge for the kit is $100.
What if the Verizon signal doesn’t reach my home or area?
The hotspots are location dependent and will only work if the network’s signal reaches the area. We can make no guarantees of connectivity. You may wish to consult the network coverage maps, but please note that the coverage map DOES NOT guarantee coverage. There could be other factors that limit a connection in certain areas that would appear to have coverage based on the map.
Are the hotspots filtered?
The hotspots are filtered to comply with the Children’s Internet Protection Act.
Is there someone I can call if I need help?
Yes! The phone number for technical support is 240-482-4635.


In recent years Pakistan has proved to be a rapidly growing economy. It is estimated that median age in Pakistan is 22 years which means Pakistan is a young country. Also, the working population is 110 million which is the 60 percent of total population. This means that the country has abundant economically active human resource. (Source)
Pakistan has 50% literacy rate yet, but as Government is taking interest it is expected to improve overtime. A good Communications infrastructure plays a vital role in current times not only for businesses but also allows common population to get connected to better sources of learning and work as well.
By the end of March 2013, total teledensity in the country increased to 71.95 percent, showing a growth of 2.4 percent over the same period last year. (source)
Cellular Subscription & Penetration:
Cellular market is moving towards maturity, stability and intense competition as operators are dedicating their best efforts to achieve a higher stake in the overall market share. The cellular mobile network is covering over 92 percent of the land area of Pakistan. Cellular mobile companies have expanded their networks to every nook and corner of the country. After two years of relatively slow network growth, cellular industry has shown a growth of 8.4% in cell sites during 2012. At the end of Dec 2012, there were 35,312 cell sites in Pakistan.
There were 121.13 million mobile subscribers at the end of March 2013 compared to 118.32 million subscribers last year depicting a growth over last year.
Broadband Internet Penetration in Pakistan:
Government of Pakistan has extended full support to telecom sector especially broadband, by spending Rs. 22 billion on rural telecom development through USF7. Some of the fruits of this spending include 7400 kms of fiber optics laid in far flung areas.
Moreover, government has plan to allocate Rs. 17 billion in next year budget for stretching the broadband services further in un-served and underserved areas of the country. PTA kept a technologyneutral licensing regime thereby facilitating influx of latest broadband technologies such as WiMAX, EvDO, VDSL2, in addition to existing infrastructure of DSL, HFC, FTTH, Satellite etc.
Penetration level of broadband services in Pakistan has been progressing at a leisurely but steady pace.
Broadband subscribers crossed the two million mark in just a few years since competition was first introduced in Pakistan. This year, the broadband industry added the highest number of subscribers ever while average annual growth rate remained above 100%. It shows that Pakistan’s broadband market has tremendous potential for growth and investment and PTA vows to fully cooperate with the investors in this regard. Currently, Broadband subscribers stood at 2.54 million at the end of March, 2013.
Since 2009, wireless technologies have increased their market share from 32% to 56% thereby surpassing fixed line technologies in 2012.
Analyzing individually, DSL still has the highest stake in broadband market with 42% of the subscribers while WiMAX and EvDO are in close contest with a share of 28.1% and 27.8% respectively.
Currently, over 92 percent of our population has access to telecom services, which has been possible due to expansion of telecom infrastructure all over the country by telecom operators.
Telecom Revenue in 2013:
Annual revenue of the telecom sector have reached to Rs. 411.4 billion during 2012, registering a growth of 13 percent over the last year. This is a significant increase in revenues compared to slow revenue growth in the last two years where total telecom revenue growth remained in single digit i.e. 5.4 percent in 2011 and 3.1 percent in 2010. Revenues of Telecom sector during Jul-Mar 2013 have reached to Rs. 323.0 billion registering a growth of 2.92 percent.
The Performance of Stock Markets in Pakistan (Karachi):
Karachi Stock Market remained in record high trajectory during 2012-13, with the KSE-100 Index is setting new records by each passing day and trading at above 20,300 level in mid May 2013 for the first time in its history. (Source)
Above highlights should bring hope to the startups in Pakistan that they have better access to quality resources and as the economy is improving Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) will increase steadily.


This patch adds the capability to cloned processes to have a shared signal queue. This enables the LinuxThreads implementation of POSIX threads to have POSIX compliant signal delivery behaviour.
In order to POSIX compliant, signals sent to a threaded program can be received by any thread. Currently, a signal sent to one of the threads of such a program is received only by that thread.
The kernel patch introduces a new clone flag: CLONE_SHRD_SIGQ. The flag creates a special shared signal queue which is shared between the process performing the clone and the newly cloned process. Signals sent to either one of these processes end up in the shared signal queue. If you want to send in this case a signal to a specific process, you have to call the new system call kill_thread.
Each process has now a shared and a private queue. The private queue is equal to the existing process specific signal queue (and sigset_t). The private queue receives thread specific signals such as SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, etc. and signals sent by kill_thread. The shared queue receives signals sent via kill() or sigqueue() or signals coming from POSIX timers, or signals from asynchronous I/O notifications. The last feature combined with the fcntl(fd, F_SETSIG, rt-signal) feature, would give you a way to make a multi-threaded server application receiving a signal for every ready socket, which could be serviced by any of the threads waiting on such a signal.
Signal masks are always thread specific. It is possible to have also a shared signal mask, but it has not been implemented (yet?). The functions pthread_sigmask() and sigprocmask() do the same. They both set the private signal mask.
When a signal is sent to a group of processes, more than one process
in that group can wake up. One of the processes will consume the
pending signal, leaving nothing for the other. Both processes however
have their signal pending flag set. The last process will check in
vain for the pending signal and will complain with the following
SIG: sigpending lied
Patch for Linux 2.3.31 gz or bz2
Patch for Linux 2.3.99-pre3 gz or bz2
The patch adds the system call kill_thread() and patches linux threads to use it for pthread_kill() and for its own internal use.
Last update: March 29, 2000


DSL Providers in Weatherford
High-speed internet does not have to be expensive! Weatherford DSL providers can provide you with a fast and secure Internet connection either alone or bundled with phone and TV service. DSL is the acronym for Digital Subscriber Line. DSL uses existing phone networks to access your Weatherford home or business to the Internet.
Unlike cable connections, your DSL connection is yours alone. No matter how much traffic your Weatherford DSL providers are handling, your speed is not affected. Cable Internet service shares bandwidth with all subscribers in the area. With Weatherford cable if there is a lot of traffic then the connection can slow down to a crawl – web pages open slowly and downloads take longer. Uploads can seem to take an eternity. So, Weatherford cable claims of being the fastest connection to the Internet, are true, but only if there are few other users online in Weatherford.
If you have a phone line, you are ready to connect to one of the DSL Providers in Weatherford . Our network of providers can arrange for you to a simple DIY installation or arrange for professional installation at your home or office.
DSL connections are always on. Even when you use your telephone, your computer connection is on. This means that you only need a single phone line to handle your voice and Internet connections. Since DSL is always on, there is no need for you to log on to access the Internet. Weatherford Internet service providers allow you to set your email program so that even when you are not online your email downloads. When you turn your computer on, your email is waiting for you.
Reasons why Weatherford DSL is your best bet for high speed Internet
- DSL allows for easy networking – either through Wi-Fi or by standard copper phone wiring.
- High Speed Internet Weatherford providers have the most reliable networks since they use your existing phone lines. Telephone networks rarely go down; if they do, they are quickly restored.
- Weatherford DSL is affordable. Not only is networking easy but you can buy the least DSL Internet service you need from DSL Providers in Weatherford and upgrade when and if you need more features.
- DSL is more secure than cable Internet service. The reason is that you are not transmitting information over a shared connection. To get your personal or business information a malicious hacker first has to find your line, to do this they would have to defeat the protection of your local telephone switching office. Cable subscribers share their connection with as many as 2,000 other subscribers; this makes a breach easier.
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We offer some of the best Internet in Weatherford . You can choose from providers who offer special deals on bundles and great pricing on just Internet services. Call us now and our knowledgeable staff can guide you to choosing the best Internet in Weatherford . Our provider network is zip code specific, and usually has several providers from which you can choose.
Speed, security, affordability, and reliability are the reasons to choose a broadband provider from our network of Weatherford DSL providers. Call us now and you can be connected to one of our great providers of Weatherford DSL Internet in no time.


Voice and data technology solutions can be used in two ways in businesses. The first is as a voice or data provider to businesses, providing them with functions like telephone, chat, and data transfer. The second is as a conduit to business to provide the voice and data being transferred to other businesses.
Businesses are increasingly using voice and data technology solutions, which allow them to communicate with customers. This is where the Voice & Data division comes in, as it develops and enforces the technologies that are used.
Voice and data technology solutions transform traditional business communication systems by combining video, data and voice into an integrated infrastructure, enabling companies and organizations to work together more effectively.
With an integrated business communications solution, management can set up a satellite office, add new employees and manage home workers with less effort and expense.
In this article, you will learn more about how an enterprise voice and data technology solution works.
What are the language and data engineering solutions?
In their simplest form, voice and data technology solutions are the software and hardware systems used for business communications over the Internet.
These are typically common endpoints such as email applications, calendar applications, mobile phones, fax machines, conference phones, video conferencing and data network solutions.
Functionality of business language and data technology solutions
Voice and data technology solutions provide the tools to modernize business platforms. Here are some examples of how these systems work in companies:
Enables businesses to communicate easily
Nowadays, digital communication is becoming extremely important for both small and large businesses, as it is ideal for easily conveying messages.
Voice and data technology solutions work like a traditional telephone in that they have similar features, for example, you have access to call analysis, anonymous call rejection, call forwarding, call wrap-up and conference call participation.
Whether you run a small or large business, a reliable provider like NTS Direct and other proven services can make your business run more efficiently and smoothly. Plus, your employees won't complain about interrupted conversations.
2. Helps companies save on capital and labour costs
If your company relies heavily on Internet-based communication methods, you can save the initial cost of installing and using telephone networks by paying only the system and Internet costs.
However, if your current connection is slow or of poor quality, you should upgrade it to ensure that all phone calls are clear.
You can also save on maintenance costs, as most voice and data technology solutions are subscription-based.
Maintenance is often included in the monthly fee, so you can be sure that your communication systems will not break down.
Another way to use these systems in businesses is that they can help you save a significant amount on salaries.
Many companies still rely on secretaries, receptionists or switchboard operators to manage and transfer calls.
While this is not a serious problem for medium-sized and large companies, small businesses may not have such generous budgets to justify such costs.
Fortunately, voice and data technology solutions provide virtual receptionists or auto-attendants to help callers contact a reference person to easily resolve problems and needs.
3. Promotion of greater scalability
Another major advantage of voice and data technology solutions is scalability. This is an ideal business communication offer for any growing company. If you are a business owner who wants your phone systems to grow with your business, Voice over IP (VoIP) is recommended.
This solution eliminates the need to purchase expensive equipment and additional leased lines as you grow.
When you need to acquire new customers, handle a sudden influx or surge of customers, open a new geographic expansion or branch office, voice and data technology solutions come at the cost of greater scalability.
4. Make a personal note
As an entrepreneur, it is important that your customers and other clients prefer you to your competitors. Your company's VoIP system can be connected to your Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system, so you can immediately show your customers why they should choose you.
Voice and data technology solutions allow you to keep a complete record of customer information, usually including their specific needs, names and history with your company. This allows your staff to greet customers by name on every incoming call, since a CRM is integrated into the database.
By offering your customers personalized service, you can give them the best experience possible. Plus, your customers will have a better digital experience, which will encourage them to do more business with you.
5. Ensuring a reliable and secure network
As voice and IT solutions are managed on the same system, standard security protocols are used to ensure no data is leaked.
In addition, in the event of a network or power failure, VoIP has an automatic system that routes the call to available channels.
This ensures that productivity is not compromised and that your business continues to run smoothly.
6. Support for the organisation of remote work
In case you are wondering how the remote installation works: Your employees can access phone calls through a secure virtual private network (VPN) connected to the office, just as if they were working from their workstation in your headquarters.
Discover how voice and data technology solutions help manage teleworkers:
- Give your employees the ability to work anytime, anywhere.
- Conduct webinars or remote meetings with web, voice and video conferencing in a seamless, flexible and reliable way.
- Integrate mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones into your business communications infrastructure.
- Protect your business against security threats.
- Reduce communication delays and solve problems between remote offices.
Remote workforce management is possible with data-driven phone solutions.
That way, you can save on office equipment by getting all the work done on your employees' devices, if they want it.
Whether it's adaptive remote work management, portability, high scalability or cost reduction, voice and data technology solutions can do wonders for your business.
No additional equipment is required for these technological solutions, as the service uses a powerful and fast internet connection.
They also save businesses a stressful day of sifting through monthly phone bills with hidden extras.
So if your business is still dealing with the effects of the pandemic, consider switching to voice and data technology solutions to effectively manage information technology.
Privacy settings,How Search works,business technology


Kirsty Ford, ICT Business Services Manager, QAL, explains, “Often the information is double-handled. Field and operational staff fill out a paper form or computer spreadsheet which is subsequently hand delivered or emailed to another staff member so that the data can be keyed into another information system. This may happen several times for a single dataset, not only consuming valuable time but creating multiple opportunities for data to become inaccurate.”
In early 2012, Ford decided it was time to find a better way of managing data capture and data flows. In place of clipboards and paper forms, she wanted to deploy an enterprise mobile platform that could communicate with all mobile devices and enable access to almost any QAL computer system or file. Her aim was to provide staff with a mobile tool that would allow them to read and update data in key information systems such as Microsoft SharePoint and Finance One.
The platform chosen to achieve this was the Blink Mobility Platform, an Australian-developed solution that enables rapid development and deployment of mobile business services. Using the BlinkForms module within the securely hosted platform, Ford planned to develop electronic forms that would enable data to be completed real-time and uploaded directly to the airport’s systems using a variety of commonly available tablets, phones and laptops.


Verizon to retire Alltel data network as soon as January 2013 [UPDATED]Alex Wagner - Senior News Editor
It's been a few years since Verizon Wireless completed its acquisition of Alltel, but Verizon is still keeping the Alltel data network active for customers with devices that can access that service. That won't be the case once the calendar flips over to 2013, though, as Verizon has begun notifying customers with devices accessing Alltel's data network that it plans to retire that network as soon as January of next year. Verizon explains that doing so will allow it to "operate more efficiently" and to provide "the best service possible." Users with Alltel devices will still be able to make calls and send texts post-shutdown, but they won't be able to utilize any features that require a data connection.
Verizon has slowly been phasing out the Alltel portions of its business since the acquisition went through. For example, Verizon stopped activating Alltel devices earlier this year. The retirement of Alltel's data network is just another step in the process, and as the letter above notes, Verizon is has an offer for those users that'll be affected by the change. Exactly what the offer is (and how many folks are still on the Alltel data network) remains to be seen, but it's good to see Verizon extending a deal to those customers. Are you or anyone you know still using the Alltel data network?
UPDATE: Verizon has reached out to us to reaffirm that the retirement of the Alltel data network will only affect Verizon customers using Alltel-branded devices for data service.


Spectra Logic this week announced the support of the new IBM® TS1160 tape drive and media in the TFinity® ExaScale Tape Library and Spectra® T950, T950V, and T380 tape libraries. This marks another milestone for the enterprise tape market with the new TS1160 tape drive capable of storing up to 20TB of uncompressed data on a single JE media cartridge. It also means that a TFinity ExaScale tape library can hold over 800PB of uncompressed data or over 2EB of data with full compression in a single tape library, making it the largest data storage machine on the market today. The new drive also has improved throughput of 400 MB/s, enabling a fully loaded TFinity with 144 TS1160 drives to transfer data at a rate of over 57.5GB/s. This high level of throughput is not found on any other archive storage machine.
The TS1160 tape drive and media offers the largest capacity per tape and the
fastest data transfer rate of any tape technology available on the market
The TS1160 comes with important technology advancements from IBM. The tape drive has a new custom ASIC chip that manages the data path, drive functions, and buffering of data in the drive. This new chip also supports a 16G Fibre Channel interface or 25GbE interface, both of which double the interface performance of the last generation TS1155 tape drive. In addition, the ASIC is designed to be used in future generations of TS enterprise tape drives as well as LTO-9 and future LTO tape drives.
When the TS1155 drive was introduced in mid-2017, it contained a new TMR (Tunneling Magneto-Resistive) head which replaced the existing GMR (Giant Magneto-Resistive) head technology. The new TMR read/write head was also developed for and used in the LTO-8 tape drive released in late 2017. This allowed LTO technology to double capacity, from 6TB with LTO-7 to 12TB with LTO-8. It also brought to light the benefits of using similar technologies in both the LTO and TS drives. This commonality decreases the development cycle for each new drive generation, further ensuring the advancements needed to hold tape technology to its expected continual doubling of capacity every two to three years, in accordance with its established roadmap. This is very similar to the Tick-Tock development methodology that Intel uses when designing new processors. With each new generation of TS drive, new technology is introduced. This new technology is then used in the next generation of LTO drives where it is refined and improved upon. Each new LTO drive then adds new technology or manufacturing techniques that are pushed into the next TS drive that follows it.
Moreover, the new JE data cartridge launched with the TS1160 drive brings forth additional developments. The new JE media type uses aligned Barium Ferrite particles, which improve the signal to noise ratio, allowing the new technology to store up to 20TB of uncompressed data on a single cartridge. This same media formulation will also be used with LTO-9 media, which will help push it well above 20TB of data on a single cartridge.
The new TS1160 drive will be available in December 2018 for the TFinity ExaScale, with general availability in other Spectra tape libraries to follow in 2019. It also shows the continued benefits that tape brings to the table for the storage, retrieval and archive needs of customers as their data grows exponentially. Other data storage technologies, like disk and flash, cannot compete with the cost per terabyte of tape, or the security advantages that tape offers with built-in encryption and its physical air gap protection, preventing uncontrolled access to an organization’s data.
Continue reading about the announcement here.


Click on the Wireless Networks tab and uncheck Use windows to configure my wireless settings. Nous vous mettons en relation rapidement avec un technicien. Building materials can have a large impact on your wireless signal. Secure The card supports up to bit wireless encryption. Wireless Convenience Adding a wireless card to your computer allows for an easier network setup in your home or office. To access the device manager on Windows 7, click on the Windows icon on the bottom left hand corner of the screen, right-click on Computer, click Properties and then click Device Manager.
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Use the wireless adapter’s site survey tool to determine the best antenna orientation for your wireless devices. Secure The card supports up te bit wireless encryption.
Your browser security needs to be updated
Then click trendnet tew 623pi Configuration to enter the encryption key. There are a number of other environmental factors that can impact the range of wireless devices.
Building materials can have a large impact on your wireless signal. See any errors on this page?
This adapter is a convenient way to trendne wireless networking capability to your desktop PC. Enter new zip code to refresh estimated delivery time. Wireless Convenience Adding a wireless card to your computer allows for an easier network setup in your trendnet tew 623pi or office.
This will provide the highest possible performance using an TRENDnet ne fournit pas d’assistance technique pour ces codes. Change the channel bandwidth If you are using an Also, if using Adjust your wireless devices so tendnet the signal is traveling in a straight path, trendnet tew 623pi than at an angle.
Trendnet tew 623pi the channel Most wireless access points and routers are defaulted to channel 6. Update Unrecognized Zip Code.
The card supports standard security protocols, allowing you to communicate securely with devices from other manufacturers.
TRENDnet Mbps Wireless N-Draft PCI Adapter TEWPI B&H
Please also make sure that the wireless hardware trendnet tew 623pi not placed in any type of shelving rrendnet enclosures. If your site survey tool does not display the channel try using channels 1 or Devices such as 2.
Trendnet tew 623pi your device manager to make sure the adapter is installed properly. You’ll even be able to stream media from your computer to your television by adding a wireless media center to your home theatre.
Interference from devices that produce RF radio frequency noise can also impact your signal.
Position the wireless devices in a manner that will minimize trendnet tew 623pi amount of obstructions between them. You may trendnte get TRENDnet ei anna koodidele tehnilist tuge.
Mbps Wireless N PCI Adapter – TRENDnet TEWPI
Make sure your computer meets the minimum trendnet tew 623pi as specified in Section 1 of this quick installation guide. The card is also fully trendnet tew 623pi with When used in conjunction with a wireless router you can share a broadband Internet connection wirelessly among the computers in your household.
The more material the signal has to pass through the more signal you will lose. In an indoor environment, try to position the wireless devices so that the signal passes through less dense material such as dry wall.
300Mbps Wireless N PCI Adapter
TRENDnet does not provide trendnet tew 623pi support for these codes. Move the phone’s base station as far away as possible from your wireless devices. What should I do? You must complete the installation of the wireless adapter configuration utility as described in Section 2 before connecting the Wireless Adapter to your computer.


Beacon Technology- The Future Of Smart Devices
As smartphones are becoming a constant shopping mate, integrating Beacons with the system is transforming the in-store experience for customers as well as a boon for marketers. By using this technology, instant promotional offers and other useful information can be made readily available at customer’s fingertips in practically no time.
Beacon technology is becoming prevalent gradually in day to day life and following the footsteps to become the next big trend for a comprehensive digital strategy. Although the true potential of its abundant benefits is yet to be realized by businesses, beacon technology is definitely here to stay!
Beacons are compact wireless devices that transmit signals continuously to other nearby devices by making use of low-energy Bluetooth (BLE) technology. Fundamentally, they make use of proximity technology to discover the nearby human presence and offer personalized, insightful, location, informatory and contextual information.
Beacons are physical devices that can be placed anywhere and use a battery for operation. One-way signals are transmitted in a limited time zone to communicate with other devices that have receivers on it. They are most popularly utilized in proximity marketing, product identification, indoor navigation, and payment systems. The scope of Beacon-based devices is wide and can be applied in businesses involving retail, food and beverage, healthcare, entertainment, hospitality, museum, and art galleries.
How Do They Work?
The mechanism behind Beacon devices is incredibly effortless. These devices are indoor location technology which are able to link with the server to send and receive data. Emitted signals are picked up and received by the app installed on your device. After establishing a connection, the beacon carries out the programmed function.
To put it simply, Beacon-enabled devices to work exactly like any other Bluetooth-enabled device such as fitness trackers, digital watches, etc,. connected with your mobile device to store data and perform various functions.
How Beacon Technology Can Accelerate Your Business?
Regardless, Beacon technology has increased customer engagement by many folds and every kind of business is capitalizing on it. Personalized marketing is just the tip of iceberg, here are few other benefits businesses can leverage on:
Businesses are able to offer personalized and individualized shopping experiences to customers and present a more fulfilling experience. They can also reap benefits from the abundant data as their beneficial asset. The data can be analyzed for deriving customer’s buying patterns, customer’s anticipation, and behavioral insights creating an enriching experience.
Customers can miss finding the right products or simply get exhausted by the abundant range of products, long aisles and multiple floors. Beacon technology can eradicate all these challenges and help find the right and personalized products easily.
The beacons help capitalize on any potential footfall by detecting the customer’s geo location. It is an added benefit to your digital strategy. More and more people will be attracted to the businesses as the level of personalization and unique way of approaching through Beacons strengthens.
Customers are more likely to shop if they receive personalized and convenient services, ultimately leading to engaged customer behavior.
Beacons can revamp your work space and offices by offering smarter solutions such as task completion, auto trigger and self activated initiation. This can reduce turnaround time, reduce costs and increase productivity.
Sectors like museums, hospitals, warehouses etc who have valuable equipment and products can attach the beacon device to their equipment and track their location on a real-time basis. They also ensure the safety and security of exorbitant equipment.
Thinking of integrating Beacon technology into your business, NestorBird gives you the ideal solution. We offer personalized Beacon application development services and offer the best user experience for attracting more and more customers.
We leverage the latest technology for various frameworks and systems to give innovative and creative solutions to your business problems. You can get state-of-the-art services like indoor positioning, sensors, location enabled systems, navigation & maps, mobile payments, promotionals, and other infotainment notifications. Get in touch with us and we will do the rest!.
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When using Move to iOS app to transferring data, did your Android phone pop up an error saying ‘A transfer error has occurred’ ? And your new iPhone alerted that ‘Transfer Interrupted, communication with your Android device was interrupted while copying your data.’?
Just like the case as shown below…
This is a common issue people may encounter while using Move to iOS to migrate content. And copying data to a new mobile system from a different system is always a difficult thing for some people who don’t know much about the technique.
But don’t worry about it. You can seek help from specialist around or take tips below to fix it by yourself.
How to Fix “A Transfer Error Occurred” for Move to iOS App?
There are some basic tricks you can follow to troubleshoot the issues.
- Make sure the Wi-Fi is turned on on both of your devices.
- Avoid using your smartphones while transferring. (If you receive a call or use an app, transferring may be ）
- Keep the screen of your Android device turned on.
- Make sure both of your phones are connected to power. (Turn off low power mode if it is turned on.)
Some related articles we posted before:


We specialize in oil and gas tank monitoring and data collection featuring up-to-date technology to communicate with you through cell phone and web interfaces.
Our service consists of the installation of a meter box designed to work on solar power and battery backup, equipped with a cell phone communication system. Sensors can be placed into water and oil tanks to monitor fluid levels. Pressure sensors can be installed to provide monitoring of pressures of fluid or gas in injection or gas pipelines. Temperature sensors can be utilized to provide readings of critical areas such as burners for heavy oil separator tanks. We also have the capability to design custom sensors to meet your particular application. Up to six sensors within 100 feet can be installed per meter.
Minute-by-minute readings are uploaded to our website every hour unless there is an alert, at which point you will receive a text and/or e-mail immediately and the latest readings will be uploaded. You can analyze the data uploaded to our website from any laptop, computer, tablet, or smartphone by viewing charts and graphs. The data can also be downloaded to excel to help with the filing of various state reports.
Using our simple web interface the sensor’s high and low alert levels can be adjusted and an unlimited number of people can be configured to receive the alerts via texts or emails. Text alerts are sent to the designated people whenever a sensor goes beyond a high or low level configured for a sensor. Anyone who has a cell phone with texting capabilities will be able to receive alerts.
Our pricing is based per location and is as follows:
- $800 per Meter (one time installation fee)
- $500 per Sensor (one time installation fee)
- $110 per Month per Meter ($100 if you pay for one full year in advance)
- $50 per hour plus parts and replacements for any unscheduled maintenance and/or service calls requested by the customer (ie moving of a tank requiring moving sensor) or out of range locations
We will make all repairs and replacements necessary to any equipment which is defective; or equipment which stops working through normal wear and tear, including batteries and level sensors at our own expense.
The information contained in this document does not constitute an expressed or implied contract. Please refer to the Tank To Cloud, LLC “METER RENTAL AND SERVICE AGREEMENT” for actual terms and conditions of service.


Personal computers are a mind-expanding device for the world’s first wealthiest one billion people. But they are a very primitive, early adopter device in comparison to the smartphone. A smartphone is a personal computer which is tiny, wireless, and increasingly aware of its environment.
There are over one billion smartphone users now. In a few years, the entire population of cellphone users will be smartphone users. A few years after that, every cell phone will exceed the power of today’s high-end desktop.
In early 2014, we will see high-end smartphones with print-quality screens, 8 cores, and 4GB of memory, and the graphic power of today’s high end video game consoles. By 2016-2018 every cell phone will have the power of a modern desktop.
What happens then?
The speed of innovation for a technology is limited the size of its market. Personal computers have been rapidly growing in adoption, but hit a peak at one billion users. They are not feasible in much of the rest of the world, and soon they will become irrelevant in the developed world. Smartphones have a potential customer base of seven to eight billion users, which means even faster technological progress. Within a decade, personal computers will disappear from common experience, replaced by cloud-backed communication interfaces and sensory nets.
Most pundits assume that the non-elites of the world will standardize on cheap (sub $100) commodity smartphones. I think what is really revolutionary and exciting is that the entire world will standardize on the minimally-functional smartphone necessary to join the human community.
The smartphone used by the world’s other six billion people will offer the minimum functionality needed to participate in the persistent-connection-enabled marketplace. We cannot say now what that functionality will be.
For example, for current smartphones, the “base” functionality means capacitive touch, HTML5 web browser, HD video, 3D graphics, an app store, etc. Future devices will have their own minimum functionality that will serve as a gateway to full membership in society, in the same way that car or credit card ownership does in some parts of the USA. It may be immersive holographic headsets or quasi-AI-capable CPU’s.
Global smartphone adoption will universalize and democratize access to the marketplace in the same way that jeans have universalized and democratized fashion and Coca Cola and hamburgers have democratized diets. But unlike these trends of fashion, opening access to the marketplace is a transformative paradigm shift. It will enable new business models such as digital currency, distance learning, and many that we cannot now imagine.


Bell Helicopter Tektron and the NASA
Bell Helicopter, NASA Turn to Bag End to Provide High-Performance Bass System
Bell Helicopter Textron and the NASA recently employed a Bag End subwoofer system to reproduce some specific sounds in a joint research project to measure noise reproduction characteristics of soundproofing components being designed for use in a tiltrotor aircraft being developed by Bell.
“The purpose of the sound transmission testing was to measure the noise reduction characteristics of several proposed tiltrotor interior trim panel soundproofing configurations,” John Brieger, technical resource specialist acoustics for Bell Helicopter, said. “A high-performance sound system was designed to generate high sound pressure levels in a broad frequency range.”
The tests, conducted in the semi-anechoic chamber at NASA’s Langley Research Center at Hampton, VA. used a four-foot test section area of the cabin fuselage of the XV-15 tiltrotor.
“The test was to determine insertion loss characteristics for different soundproofing treatments, “Brieger said. “Data obtained from the tests provided an initial database of the sound insertion loss characteristics of the tiltrotor’s soundproofing components.”
In order to reproduce sound levels equivalent to those generated by a helicopter a high-powered sound system was essential. To reproduce the most dominating sound – the low-frequency harmonics generated by the rotors – Bell researchers selected a Bag End Infrasub-18 subwoofer system capable of a flat acoustic response down to 8 Hz.
The rest of the system was comprised of a three-way speaker consisting of a coaxially located horn-loaded 10-inch speaker for the mid-range band and a 2-inch exit horn for the high-frequency range to achieve a 35-degree coverage pattern. In addition, they used a pair of 12-inch woofers in a bipolar array for the low-freqency band.
“The speakers were placed on angles equal to 0 and 60 degrees to the aircraft fuselage while the soundproofing configuration was changed, adding insulation, trim panel, and so on, “Brieger said. “Frequency band crossover setting, equalization and delays were made using a computer-controlled loudspeaker management system. The Infrasub-18 performed as we were told it would, and helped us obtain valuable data to incorporate into the development of advanced versions of the XV-15 tiltrotor,” Brieger said.
Bell traces its roots back to 1935 when it was established as the Bell Aircraft Corporation. Because of its early reputation for developing ingenious solutions to special design requirements. Bell was commissioned to build the United States’ first jet fighter – the P-59A – and later produced the world’s first supersonic aircraft, the rocket-powered Bell X-1.
Bell pioneered the tiltrotor concept in 1955 that led to the V-22 Osprey. Rotary-wing aircraft were spun off to the Bell Helicopter Corporation in 1956. Two years later, Bell was purchased by Textron. Bell Helicopter Textron is a wholly owned subsidiary of Textron.
See the pdf for a downloadable version of this story.


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Company Company Profile
Life today is built on connectivity. As a global innovations company, BT uses the power of communications to make a better world.
From broadband and TV to mobile, BT is driven by the exhilaration of building an ever-growing range of services that help millions of customers get more out of life, every day.
But there’s so much more to BT than that. The company’s research and development teams help vehicle manufacturers make smarter cars, let consultants treat patients remotely, and provide secure fingerprint technology for festival goers.
As one of the world’s leading companies, BT helps people, businesses and communities to create possibilities, in more than 180 countries.
As well investing in high-tech innovation, BT is also investing in people. Those who share BT’s drive and passion for putting customers at the heart of what they do can join the company’s relentless quest for innovation in a wide range of graduate and internship programmes.


SpeedCast is a leading global network solutions provider, enabling critical communications
on land and at sea. Providing high-quality managed network services in over 60 countries, SpeedCast delivers unparalleled capabilities for satellite services to meet both corporate and carrier requirements.
With 16 international points of presence and 30 teleport operations, SpeedCast is your local partner
wherever you are.
SpeedCast leverages the latest satellite technologies for the provisioning of reliable and efficient
10 September 2014
Seasat A/S selected by Maersk Supply Service to deliver global maritime connectivity services for Maersk Supply Service vessels read more
09 September 2014
SPEEDCAST SELECTED BY JAN DE NUL GROUP FOR SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS FOR FLEET OF OFFSHORE & DREDGING VESSELS read more
22 August 2014
FINANCE NEWS NETWORK INTERVIEW WITH SPEEDCAST CEO read more
12 August 2014
SPEEDCAST LISTED ON THE AUSTRALIAN STOCK EXCHANGE read more
18 June 2014
SPEEDCAST ANNOUNCES THE ACQUISITION OF OCEANIC BROADBAND AND FURTHER EXPANSION INTO PAPUA NEW GUINEA read more


5G systems have been begun in nations like America, Japan, England and China. Likewise, telecom organizations are additionally growing 5G arrange in these nations. Then again, cell phone producer organizations like Xiaomi, Samsung and Vivo have likewise presented gadgets with 5G network. As of late a report was uncovered in which the quantity of clients with 5G and conceivable utilization of information was found.
Ericsson Mobility Report
As per the report of Ericsson Mobility, the quantity of clients utilizing the 5G system will arrive at 260 crore in the coming six years. Likewise, clients will utilize something like 24 GB of information consistently. What’s more, before the finish of 2025, 5G systems will approach 65% of the total populace. Give us a chance to disclose to you that South Korea propelled this system in April. Simultaneously, in September, around 3 million clients embraced the 5G organize.
5G organize propelled in China
China presented 5G organize in October and now there are around 10 million clients utilizing this system. It is likewise expected that 5G will arrive at the world quicker than 4G.
5G will be propelled in India soon
There has been a long talk in India about 5G network. It is being conjectured that telecom organizations like Jio, Airtel and Vodafone will present 5G arrange by 2022. As per different reports, by 2025, 11 percent of individuals in India will utilize this system. Aside from this, tech organizations can dispatch 500 million new cell phones before the finish of 2025.
Huawei did a demo of 5G arrange in India
Huawei had gotten endorsement from the Indian government in October for a (5G) organize demo. Simultaneously, Huawei additionally trusted that the administration would enable him to lead a system preliminary. Simultaneously, 5G innovation was tried by the Indian clients during the India Mobile Congress 2019 occasion.


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Tahoe Silicon Mountain, a network of entrepreneurs and professionals who live and work in the Tahoe-Truckee area, is pleased to welcome Daniel Price to present at Mountain Minds Monday: “How the Internet of Things Will Transform Your Daily Life”
Just as smartphones have significantly transformed the way we live and do business, the Internet of Things (IoT) is poised to do the same. More than just Wi-Fi-enabled thermostats and smart TVs, the Internet of Things has the capacity to change the way we interact with our devices and how they interact with each other.
Daniel Price, CEO of Breadware, a company that helps businesses upgrade their products for IoT, will explain what IoT is and what you need to know as a consumer and a business to use this new technology effectively.
Mountain Minds Monday will be held on Monday, September 10th from 6-8 pm at , in Tahoe Donner located at 11509 Northwoods Blvd., Truckee. Pizza and salad are available and we use a pay-what-you-can model ($5 minimum). Before and after the presentation, there will be time for networking.


How Internet Communication Technology Improving In Face of Economic Downturn
Communication , Guest Post 0
The global economic downturn has all the leading economies of the world in its clutches with regular bank bailouts and restricted government spending common around the world. There are many countries that are not well-armed to confront the prospect of a double-dip recession. Uncertain market conditions and unfavorable consumer sentiment have had a more direct impact on traditional commercial, tertiary and industrial ventures and there is an increasing uncertainty as to what course the economy will adopt next.
However, it is surprising to see how internet-communications technology has largely remained unaffected amidst all this uncertainty and skepticism. Leading internet communication service providers have reported sizable gains even in such markets where other businesses have failed to deliver.
Therefore, we can easily establish that internet communications technology is one industry that shows promising signs of upward growth.
Internet communication has evolved over the years into a lucrative investment venture. More and more businesses from all around the world have realized the manifold benefits of internet for their businesses. And internet has never shied away from complementing the growth and prosperity of businesses.
Today, internet service providers have devised a wide array of products and services especially designed to effectively cater to the increasing needs of businesses. Regardless of the size of the business or the industry it represents, internet service is the primary driving force in a business model for the fact that it has been integrated in practically all the business operations there are.
Internet usage was previously known to restrict the movement of the user so that strategy planners of businesses needed the shelter of their office or home in order to use the internet on their desktop PC or laptop. However, these days, ‘on-the-go’ internet service has become quite common and we cannot thank the inventor of broadband dongles enough.
Broadband dongles allow computer users unrestricted access to internet even while they are on the move. This makes a broadband dongle the best companion of a businessman along with a laptop. The possibility of mobile internet has opened up new frontiers for businesses all around the world allowing them greater flexibility in operations and accessibility to even the most remote markets. Furthermore, mobile internet has also helped multinational businesses manage their overseas operations more easily and effectively while also allowing them to optimize their sales process.
There is little wonder then why all the leading businesses around the globe opt for internet-based technology solutions to enhance their prospects of growth. As a result, internet communications technology has enjoyed a favorable market sentiment in the midst of an omnipresent and ever-growing economic implosion in the making.
Apart from the above-mentioned reasons, another underlying factor that has spearheaded the growth of internet communication technology is the belief by many human rights activists that internet is in fact a basic human right. This has made internet to many areas around the world where it is considered a luxury; a privilege that cannot be afforded by all. This has allowed internet providers to widen their network making the service available in under-developed countries and even remote rural areas.
After the introduction of the broadband dongle and the tremendous success of mobile broadband, many smartphone manufacturers have encouraged groundbreaking technological innovations in the latest range of smartphones. As a result, mobile internet is now available to practically anyone who owns a cellphone. This has shifted the focus of consumers to innovative products that offer them more value for money, boasting the fastest mobile internet speeds and incredible data transfer capacity. This has helped to improve internet-communication technology.
Looking at the widespread use of internet communications technology across the globe and the ever-increasing market, it is not surprising to learn that the industry has remained largely unscathed even in the midst of global economic meltdown and market uncertainty. Consumers have recently preferred using their laptops and handhelds to search for the best products, services and deals.
This has greatly facilitated trade, making internet communications technology an instant hit among consumers. Furthermore, additional advancements in technology are bound to increase the reliance of businesses on mobile communication solutions with higher data transfer speeds and greater accessibility. Once all these factors are considered, it is safe to assume that internet communications technology will continue to prosper even in the midst of the global economic downturn.
About the Author:
Sara Parker is a Freelance and Staff writer who writes informative & creative articles on Technology for various technology company. Her expertise are in writing articles related to internet providers, broadband dongle , Social media etc.


Pre-project investigation of facilities, development of conceptual designs including site vulnerability analyses.
NIKIRET develops design estimates for integrated and automated Engineering and Technical Security Equipment Complexes (ETSEC), including:
- data acquisition and display systems, access control systems, including functions of time-keeping;
- security alarm systems for buildings, structures and perimeters;
- CCTV systems;
- alarm annunciation systems, telecommunication systems, load-speaking communication systems, automation systems, radio communications systems;
- security lighting systems;
- information security systems;
- power supply sytems;
- architectural-building solutions;
- systems of engineering barries and anti-ram devices;
- fire alarm systems.
Development of technical regulatory documents, including:
- industry-wide standards for designing and equipping facilities with Engineering and Technical Security Equipment Complexes (ETSEC) and arranging their operation;
- standard design decisions for facilities of various purpose;
- scheduled maintenance activity standards for ETSEC.
Design estimates development:
- for systems of engineering networks and communications, including air conditioning, ventilation, heating, water supply, electric power supply; for fire alarm and firefighting systems;
- emergency notification system.
Development of technical and economic proposals and feasibility studies at pre-project stage.
Designer's supervision when security systems are developed.


CB or Citizen’s Band radio is a kind of radio developed to receive 40 channels in a range of 27MHz. You can use a CB radio for both work and personal activities. Currently, there’s an extensive range of such radios available, and they come with a great number of options. You can find a CB radio package according to your needs. Here are some points to consider for picking suitable ones for yourself.
Determine the Ease of Use
The radios you purchase shouldn’t be challenging to use. They should be ideal for any small operation. So, look for features like intuitive placements and control and the radio’s ability to connect with other devices. Your radios need to be user-friendly because, during an emergency, you need to take quick action. Additionally, the radios in the package should be lightweight and have a compact design. So, team members in retail and hospitality applications can use it comfortably.
Consider the Size of the Radios
Look at the size of the radios available in the package. CB radios are available in various sizes, from small hand-held units to big ones. You need to know where you will mount your radio and whether the CB in the package will get accommodated within the available space conveniently or not. If you own an off-road vehicle or a jeep, smaller radios will be an ideal choice for you because these vehicles don’t have much room. On the other hand, if you own a big truck or an RV and have greater space, you can buy a bigger radio.
Look for PA Capabilities
The addition of a PA speaker will enable you to utilize the radio and handset as a public address system. You can address large groups with the speaker mounted outside the automobile. Thus, the PA speaker functionality is quite a useful one. It is also essential during an emergency when you need to amplify your voice to control a crowd and avoid any confusion. You can quickly navigate issues related to background noise when you have CB radios with in-built PA capabilities.
Consider the Option of Single Side Band Feature
A single-sideband or SSB is a feature you can find in a CB radio that falls in the higher price range. You can use frequencies below and above every standard CB channel with this feature. This functionality uses a smaller frequency spectrum and gives you access to 80 extra channels. It also gives you the capability to legally transfer at a power of 12 watts without the requirement of an FCC licence. SSB radios also support AM-mode operations. It permits the user to communicate with a non-SSB CB user.
Look for Backlit Displays
For those using their CBs at night, it’s essential to take into account a backlit display. The backlit display functionality illuminates the whole CB display for seamless operation in dark conditions. You can find a CB radio package with radios having seven colours backlit LCD display. You also have the choice to change those colours. The multi-coloured display will light up your drive throughout the night.
You can find six-pack and two-pack CB radios which you can choose according to your needs. Consider the various features in this article when you are selecting a package. Also, ensure that the package you select falls within your budget.


VOL News- Latest events @vol.co.tt
Dec 2021 – Voice Outsourcing and Regional partner CiberC, deploy 1000+ seat Cloud contact center platform for leading Caribbean Mobile operator
Following a rigorous pre sale process VOL, CiberC & Genesys have deployed the leading cloud contact center platform for the largest mobile operator in the Caribbean. Spanning over 25 Caribbean nations this project sets a new benchmarks for cloud contact center deployment.
Genesys is Recognized by Gartner® as the Leader in the August 2021 Magic Quadrant™ for Contact Center as a Service
APRIL 2019- Aimetis Certified System Engineer
Three Voice Outsourcing engineers achieve Aimetis Certified System Engineer designation from SENSTAR.
The team at VOL continue to strive for excellence as three engineers achieved the coverted Aimetis Certified System Engineer designation in the month of APRIL 2019.
January 2019- BMOBILE COnnect conference
Voice Outsourcing deployed a wide range of high tech Video Surveillance cameras featuring brands such as ACTI, HIKVISION and AXIS at the January 2019 Bmobile connect conference at the Hyatt Regency Trinidad. Voice Outsourcing’s IP cameras were prominently displayed at the Bmobile booth and were used to demonstrate Video Analytics using the leading Aimetis VMS technology.
The Voice Outsourcing Team also had various enterprise grade video surveillance solutions on display at their booth including Briefcam and ACTI. Voice Outsourcing is a Master Distributor for ACTI technology in Trinidad and Tobago and the highly trained VOL engineers are also certified in AXIS and Aimetis technology.
December 2018- Two VOL resources achieve Axis Certified Professional Certification
Axis is the market leader in network video cameras . Axis network video products are installed in public places and areas such as retail chains, airports, trains, motorways, universities, prisons, casinos and banks.
In November 2018 two VOL engineers attended Axis Certified Professional training and both successfully passed the ACP exam. VOL now has two AXIS Certified Professionals (ACP) on our team.
“Having Axis Certified Professionals on our team lets potential customers know they’re in good hands. That they can trust VOL to provide video surveillance solutions that take full advantage of the unique benefits Axis offers – like top-quality video with the lowest possible bandwidth and storage requirements.
Having Axis Certified Professionals on our team qualifies VOL to work with network video and networking system design and installation on the highest level.”
November 2018- Yeastar Certification
Yeastar provides cloud-based and on-premises VoIP PBXs and VoIP gateways for SMBs and delivers Unified Communications solutions that connect co-workers and clients more efficiently. Founded in 2006, Yeastar has established itself as a global leader in the telecommunications industry with a global partner network and over 100,000 customers worldwide. Yeastar customers enjoy the flexible and cost-effective communications solutions that have been consistently recognized in the industry for high performance and innovation.
After extensive training VOL engineers have successfully obtained the following Yeastar PBX certifications
YSCT – Yeastar Certified Technician
YSCRS – Yeastar Certified Routing Specialist
YSCSS – Yeastar Certified Security Specialist


Products >> PCB manufacturing >> RF PCB
Rogers microwave RO4350B pcb with gold plated surface treatment RF circuit
- Product No.：202041291946
- PCB board thickness：1.2MM
- Layer count：2L
- PCB material：RO4350B 20MIL
- Copper thickness：1OZ
- Surface treatment：ENIG 2U
Rogers microwave RO4350B PCB with gold plated surface treatment RF circuit
Rogers RO4350B PCB application
PCB with RF (radio frequency) are an increasingly used technique within the Printed circuit board industry.
--A high frequency printed circuit board with works above 100 MHz.
--Works above 2 GHz radio frequency is a Microwave circuit board.
RF PCBs are used in different applications such as remote controls(wireless controls) smart phones,sensors, security,Amplifer,Radar etc.
New technologies make more and more use of these RF applications.This asks for a manufacturing according to high quality standards and
choosing the right RF materials depending on the application.
Specific for RF PCB
*High-frequency RF PCB are mainly used in radio and high-speed digital applications, such as 5G wireless communications, automotive radar sensors, aerospace, satellites, etc. But there are many important factors to be considered when manufacturing high-frequency PCBs.
*The material we used are Rogers RO4350B / RO3003 / RO4003 / RO3006 / RT/Duroid 5880 / RT5870 and etc.PTFE F4BM /Arlon / Isola / Taconic /Teflon material ect.
*Dielectric constant ranging from 2.2 to 10.6
*The main products are 3G/4G/5G smart antenna PCB,Power amplifier printed circuit board,Low noise amplifier electronic board,Divider circuit boards,duplexer PCB,Filter circuit board.coupler PCB and other radio frequency (RF) communication products.
*The main RF PCB types are Rogers / PTFE high frequency / copper clad / microwave / polytetrachloroethylene / Teflon / Taikangike / Yalong
Rogers RO4350B PCB Project photo
What kind of material is commonly used for an RF PCB?
RF(Radio frequency) PCB usually needs to select a high-frequency board to carry the circuit. The main considerations in selecting the appropriate high frequency PCB material are:
1.Manufacturability,For example, how many times the lamination performance, temperature performance, etc., CAF/heat resistance and mechanical toughness (adhesion) (good reliability), fire rating;
2. Various performances (electrical, performance stability, etc.) that match the product Low loss, stable Dk / Df parameters, low dispersion, small coefficient of variation with frequency and environment, small material thickness and glue content tolerance (good impedance control), if the wiring is long, consider low-roughness copper foil. Also, the high-speed circuit design needs simulation in the early stage, and the simulation result is the reference standard for the design.
3. Timely availability of materials
The purchase cycle of many high-frequency boards is very long, even 2-3 months. Except for the conventional high-frequency boards RO4350, the high-frequency sheet needs to communicate well with the manufacturer in advance and prepare materials as soon as possible;
It depends on the price sensitivity of the product, whether it is a consumer product or communication, medical, industrial, military application;
5. Applicability of laws and regulations
It must be integrated with environmental protection regulations of different countries to meet RoHS and halogen-free requirements.
Among the above factors, the speed of high-speed digital circuits is the main factor for PCB material selection. The higher the circuit speed, the smaller the PCB Df value should be. Medium and low-loss circuit boards will be suitable for 10Gb / S digital circuits; plates with lower losses will be suitable for 25Gb / s digital circuits; ultra-low-loss boards will be adapted for faster high-speed digital circuits, and its speed can be 50Gb / s or higher.
From the material Df:
Df is between 0.01 ～ 0.005 PCB material sheet is suitable for digital circuits with a limit of 10Gb / S
Df is between 0.005 ～ 0.003 PCB mateiral is suitable for digital circuits with an upper limit of 25Gb / S;
Df does not exceed 0.0015 PCB mateiral sheet is suitable for 50Gb / S and even higher speed digital circuits.
Common high-speed plates are:
Rogers: RO4003, RO3003, RO4350, RO5880, etc.
Tai Yao TUC: Tuc862, 872SLK, 883, 933, etc.
Panasonic: Megtron4, Megtron6, etc.
Isola: FR408HR, IS620, IS680, etc.
Nelco: N4000-13, N4000-13EPSI, etc.
Dongguan Shengyi, Taizhou Wangling, Taixing Microwave, etc.
Of course, there are many other high-frequency materials, such as Arlon (acquired by Rogers) and Taconic, which are all old-fashioned RF microwave plate factories with guaranteed performance.
*Please send inquiry to [email protected] directly!!!
- PCB Design & Layout
- PCB manufacturing
- PCB Assembly
- BGA Assembly
- THT Assembly
- SMT Assembly
- Mixed PCB Assembly in Electronic PCBA
- Single sided PCB assembly
- Double sided PCB assembly
- Rigid-Flex Assembly
- COB Bonding Manufacturing
- Components sourcing for PCB Assembly
- SMT Stencils
- Box build assembly
- PCB engineer reverse
E-mail: [email protected]
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