Ok… I have a confession to make. I’ve worked for an MPLS L3VPN provider for about 5 years now. For most of that time, I did not have a real grasp on what MPLS was or how it really worked. When I first got to digging around and working tickets I basically just thought to myself “oh, it’s just all different VRF’s. The VRF’s separate all the routing tables for each customer. That’s MPLS.” I undersold it quite a bit. But that’s the thing…. I got by with knowing just that. I guess that’s a wonderful thing about an MPLS backbone. You configure it once and for the most part, it just works! I want to go over a few of the fundamentals of MPLS and how they specifically apply to MPLS VPN’s.
Purpose/General Concepts of MPLS:
The good description I’ve heard about MPLS is that it’s “a way to achieve Layer 3 routing at Layer 2 speeds.” Update: I’ve realized with modern hardware, this statement is no longer relevant 😉 MPLS is essentially a different mechanism that can determine how routers actually forwards packets. Instead of doing a deep inspection of the IP header, MPLS routers can make all or most forwarding decisions based on a 4 byte header that is injected between the L2 and L3 headers. This is known as an MPLS header. There are instances where you will have more than one MPLS label encapsulating the L3 header, but we will get to that later.
CEF plays a big part in MPLS. After a router has decided the best routes to put into its routing table (RIB), it then takes that a step forward with CEF and puts those into its FIB. MPLS goes even one step beyond that and keeps track of all the label bindings for those destination prefixes and places them into something called the LFIB.
Label Distribution Protocol is the primary way that routers can exchange the labels they have allocated for the destination prefixes. LDP uses unicast over TCP port 646 to form adjacencies. Routers that apply, remove, or change MPLS labels are referred to as LSR’s. This is often referred to as “push, pop, and swap.” By default, routers will automatically generate and advertise an MPLS label for each prefix in their routing table to be advertised via LDP when an adjacency is formed. When the routers are advertising their local generated labels, they are essentially telling the other routers “if you have packets destined for a specific prefix, send the packets to me using this label.” This will occur across an entire LSP or Label Switched Path.
An Edge LSR is a router that handles both labeled and unlabeled packets. There are times that these routers will not want traffic to come in with a particular MPLS label. For example, if a router were to receive a packet with an MPLS label and it knew that the packet would be forwarded out an interface that is not enabled for MPLS, it would have to inspect the L3 header for more information anyway. Therefore it would prefer to receive the packet as unlabeled to reduce uneccessary processing time. In order for the router to inform other routers to do so, it will send over an MPLS label of 3 for those prefixes. MPLS label 3 is reserved and known as the “implicit null” label. You will also hear this referred to as Penultimate Hop Popping.
As I said before, there will be times when multiple MPLS labels are applied to a single packet. This is referred to as the MPLS Label Stack and is very important when it comes to MPLS VPNs. Depending on the situation, the router will most likely make it’s forwarding decision based on the outermost label, or the one at the “top of the stack.” The router will know if the Label is the “bottom of the stack” if it has its S bit set to 1. This lets the router know that the next thing to follow will be the Layer 3 header.
So why would you need multiple labels? The MPLS label stack is a critical piece of traffic forwarding for MPLS VPNs. Pairing MPLS with other technologies such as VRF’s and Multi-Protocol BGP is a powerful tool for SP’s to deliver WAN services to customers. Let’s go over these topics and how they can work with MPLS.
In order to adhere to to the “VPN” part, there needs to be some kind of segmentation between customers. This is where you will use a VRF, or Virtual Routing and Forwarding instance. When you create a VRF the router creates a new virtual instance of the routing table. In addition, only interfaces that are specifically assigned to that particular VRF are belong in that specific routing table. What you have created it essentially a VPN. The VRF contains it’s on control plane instances as well as the data plane is separated based on routing. One of the most important things here is that you can have overlapping address space between VRF’s since they are all within their own virtual routing table!
Now that you have interfaces segmented into different VRF’s, how do you scale this? If you’re a glutton for punishment and have a large network, you can do something referred to as “VRF Lite.”
VRF Lite is essentially the barebones approach to using VRF’s. In order to maintain traffic segmentation through the network, VRF’s must be locally created on every device in the path if you want correct functionality. This is obviously not the preferred approach because of its issues with scalability and overhead.
In order to efficiently exchange routes, but still keep them within the VRF’s you have defined, you can use Multi-Protocol BGP.
Multi-Protocol BGP is a number of extensions built on top of BGP that allow you to do more than just normal exchange of NLRI’s.
Let’s take a look at one of the issues you will obviously see with our previous example of multiple VRF’s on a single router: overlapping address space. Normal behavior of BGP consists of only advertising the BEST route for a specific prefix to its neighbors. If you have the same prefix in multiple routing tables… how does the router know which one to advertise? You overcome this issue by defining something with the VRF known as the Route-Distinguisher.
The purpose of the Route-Distinguisher is to do just that… DISTINGUISH the route. It is an 8 byte value that is added to the beginning of the NLRI prefix. It must be unique per VRF. The format is two values, separated by a colon. Often, the format you see used is below:
However, this value is truly arbitrary and can be whatever you’d like it to be.
The combination of an NLRI prefix and it’s RD is known as a VPNv4 route. This is what gives the router the ability to advertise the same prefix multiple times to its BGP neighbors. Each VPNv4 route is truly unique. For example, if multiple customer are using the 10.1.1.0/24 prefix, here is how the router will advertise each of the unique VPNv4 routes:
Note: The RD only makes the route unique so that it can advertise each prefix to its neighbors. The RD does NOT determine how the receiving router will inject those routes into the corresponding VRFs. That is actually done via the route-target.
The route-target is a specific 64 bit extended community value that is applied to each NLRI in BGP VPNv4 route. This is how the VRF’s both IMPORT and EXPORT routes. The RT is an 8 byte field that follows the same format as the RD (ASN:nn or IP-address:nn). The VPNv4 speaking router actually only accepts VPNv4 routes that have a local VRF importing that specific route-target. Route reflectors are the exception to this rule, as they are responsible for sending all VPNv4 routes to all routers within that AS.
You can define specifically within each VRF what route-targets they would like to import and export. They can have multiple import and export statements if necessary. You can also apply filters to these imports and exports if necessary via a route-map.
As with normal behavior of BGP, routers must exchange capabilities in the OPEN message to determine what each BGP speaker supports. Normally, IPv4 route exchange is enabled by default (you can disable this behavior, which is necessary in some cases). In order for routers to exchange VPNv4 routes, or IPv6/VPNv6 routes for that matter, that specific neighbor must be enabled to do so under the appropriate address-family in BGP. Both routers must be in agreement on their capabilities for them to send/receive these specific routes.
When delivering an L3VPN for a customer, every router plays a specific role on the end to end path. There are P Routers, PE Routers, and CE Routers.
- PE Routers
- Provider Edge
- Need to be VRF aware
- Import/Export routes in and out of specific VRFs
- Peer MP-BGP with other PE routers
- Peer BGP or IGP with CE routers
- CE Routers
- Client Edge
- Do not need to be VRF aware, but can be in some cases
- Responsible for taking in customer routes and sending them to PE routers
- P Routers
- Provider Routers
- These are what will be seen as your “backbone” MPLS routers. Speed is key here.
- Not VRF aware, do not even need to run BGP
- Only need routes for loopbacks of PE routers that are peering MP-BGP
- Can be done with an IGP like EIGRP or OSPF
Where does MPLS fit into this?
All the topics I just went over with respect to MPLS VPNs all had to do with route-exchange. So how is the traffic actually forwarded? Why do we need MPLS to form the VPN?
The need for labels comes in when you further dissect the logic that the router will use to forward the traffic. Sure, you may have set up all the routers to exchange the appropriate VPN routes, but you did those across GLOBAL interfaces (or at least interfaces that are not associated with the “customer” VRFs). If a packet were to come in on an interface that is no associated with a VRF, why would that router ever consult the VRF’s specific routing table? How would it know to do so?
I previously mentioned the fact that you may have more than one MPLS label on a particular IP packet. The concept of the MPLS label stack is not only how the router forwards VRF traffic across a global interface, but it also let’s the receiving router know which VRF the traffic is destined for. I’ve heard these labels given a few different terms, but I’ll refer to them as the Transport Label and the MPLS Label.
- Transport Label:
- Generated by LDP across MPLS backbone
- Outermost label or top of label stack
- Used to forward traffic between PE routers
- MPLS Label:
- Generated by BGP
- Innermost label, or bottom of stack
- Used to get traffic into the appropriate VRF
So… when a router is forwarding traffic that is within an MPLS VPN, it must perform 2 label lookups, one for the MPLS label and one for the Transport label. Let’s look a the traffic flow:
- A packet comes in on a VRF enabled interface. The destination address in the IP header is inspected and compared to that VRF’s routing table for the best match.
- A match is found in a route learned from BGP. This route is flagged that MPLS is required and includes the MPLS label that was learned via BGP from the other PE router. This is your MPLS label.
- Now, the router needs to find the label to use for the next hop address, which is another PE router. The router will then consult the MPLS forwarding table, or LFIB to get the label for the next hop router. This is your Transport label.
- The labels are stacked onto the packet and encapsulated in the L2 frame to be forwarded to the P router.
- The P routers label switch based on the outermost label, or the Transport label. Before the last P router sends the traffic to the appropriate PE router, it pops off the transport label, leaving only the MPLS label. As we discussed before, the PE will not need the transport label, because it is the router that generated it.
- The PE router receives the packet and sees only the MPLS label. The router refers to it’s LFIB and see that this particular label is an aggregate label and to consult the RIB for that particular VRF to make it’s next forwarding decision.
As I said, MPLS VPN’s are a powerful tool in a Service Provider toolset in order to provide scalable WAN connectivity for multiple customers. There are a number of other technologies and caveats that come into play with MPLS VPN’s, but this post was just to cover some of the fundamentals.


Contents mobile handset subsidies 1 part1 2 introduction on handset subsidies and their purposes 2 part 2 4 different subsidy models used across different economies and firms 4 (except india/indian) 4 part 3 6 subsidies and implementable models for india 6 part 5 9 government regulations on mobile . Home mobile smartphone market growth in india q1 in low and mid range and the s7 and s7 edge in the premium handset on data-driven industry analysis, latest . India's mobile handset industry's revenue up 22% to rs 14 lakh crore in 2016: cmr samsung expects smartphones to drive double-digit revenue growth india saves rs 3 lakh crore in 4 years by local manufacturing of mobile handsets. Brand switching of mobile phone handset mobile phone addiction essay using mobile phone distributes our communication to make it easier than before. The mobile handset industry in india is in growth stage which can be attributed to the reasons below mentioned: 17% since 2009 140638875-essay-on-marketing .
Demand and supply analysis of mobile services in india let us write you a custom essay sample on # to mobile service industry and the mobile handset . Cases from india (micromax & karbonn): in summary it can be said that the mobile handset industry is loosing its attractiveness over the period it . Market research report on the mobile phones industry, with mobile phones market share, industry trends, mobile phones in india | aug 2018 mobile phones in . Essay on mobily industry in india and in the world over the last ten years the liberalization of the mobile handset industry together with the availability of .
Mobile handset industry management research project i- submitted in the partial fulfillment of the degree of 15 mobile handset market in india: current . Below is an essay on smartphone & pc industry india from anti essays, your source for research papers, essays, and term paper examples the indian mobile phone market the biggest trend that the indian phone market in the last year has been the raise of smart phone usage at the expense of feature phones. A few days ago, we released the third edition of the “4ps of mobile handset industry 2018 report” with our perspectives on india’s changing market and technology dynamics of the . Overview mobile phone industry india marketing essay print customers have comparative information about all the mobile handsets in terms of price and features in . - mobile industry about a decade ago in india mobile phones were considered to be aspirational products today india’s mobile telecommunication industry is the fastest growing market in the world and the considerable underclass are almost as well connected as the rich.
The history of mobile phone industry marketing essay print reference to rs 2,950 by 2020 as compared to rs 2,300 in 2012in india, handsets are categorized as . India’s mobile handset market will grow nearly five times faster than the world’s largest smartphone market, china, where growth has decelerated the industry . Mobile phone industry essay 33 introduction the purpose of this report is to analyse the mobile handset manufacturer industry in the uk the reason why i choose . Mobile phones market in india the indian mobile industry is the fastest growing in the world and india continues to add more mobile the sale of mobile handset . The centre’s efforts at making india a hub for electronics manufacturing seem to be paying off in the mobile handset segment according to data compiled by the indian cellular association (ica .
About a decade ago in india mobile phones were considered to be aspirational products today india’s mobile telecommunication industry is the fastest growing market in the world and the considerable underclass are almost as well connected as the rich over the last decade the liberalization of the . Let us examine a few more facets of the mobile phone industry in india growing markets in the world1 the market for mobile handsets, essay on mobile phone . Mobile phone industry in india with a subscriber base of more than 680 million, the mobile telecommunications industry in india is the second largest in the world and it was thrown open to private players in the 1990s. Mobile handset market in india to witness tremendous growth in next 5 years [report] the indian mobile handset market is expected to contin. Mobile phone manufacturing market in india 2016-2020 scenario of india's mobile handset manufacturing market landscape in mobile manufacturing industry in india.
The net foreign exchange savings are estimated to be over rs 60,000 crores, the report said in the past four years, india's mobile handset and components manufacturing industry has enabled the . Essay on mobile phone for students tourism: mobile phone and communication impacts of mobile phone use in melbourne---ivy 12 background communication is a fundamental aspect of social interaction. In rural india, mobile handset penetration is much higher than tv this leaves brands with no option but to use the mobile medium creatively to reach this rather large segment of consumers on a . The indian mobile handset industry has witnessed unprecedented growth in recent years the country has the second highest number of mobile subscribers worldwide, having overtaken the united states .


On-Site Technical Support
If after troubleshooting your connection with Technical Support you continue to experience connectivity issues or have trouble obtaining sufficient signal strength, there is no need to call anyone else; we will happily send a technician out to do signal testing. Because of the number of variables involved, this allows us to make sure we have you set up with the best equipment for your situation.
Your technician is able to:
- Test for adequate signal and offer all available options to the customer
- Install all necessary hardware to stabilize connection
- Verify Internet connection to one computer via Ethernet cable directly to the modem
- Offer suggestions to customer for home network configuration
- Answer any questions the customer may have about the service
Technicians are unable to:
- Directly configure home network
- Connect additional computers through a home access point
If you are in need of in home technical help, please call at your convenience at 952.253.3262, option number 2. Simply let us know you have a signal strength problem and would need to set up an appointment to have someone come out and get it stabilized.
Our Technicians are available 7 days a week by appointment.
Appointment times are:


Send an email
Discover two methods for sending emails from your application: via the mailto protocol or through a webhook.
For a simple and easy solution that doesn't require advanced customization, mailto links are an excellent option. However, if you need more control over the email sending process, including advanced customization and integration with other services, webhooks are recommended.
Sending emails via the mailto protocol
This method is easy to set up and doesn't require backend programming knowledge.
Special links using the mailto protocol allow users to send emails directly from your application. When clicked, these links open the user's default messaging application with a pre-filled new message.
To learn more: Special links (Telephone, Email, and SMS)
Sending emails via a webhook
Using a webhook provides a more advanced and flexible method for sending emails from your PandaSuite application. A webhook is a technique that sends real-time data to other apps or services when an event occurs in your application. To use a webhook, you need an automation service like Make or Zapier.
To send an email via a webhook, you need to use an external service capable of processing HTTP requests to send emails, such as SendGrid or Gmail.
In PandaSuite, you configure your application to send an HTTP request to the chosen service with the email details every time a user triggers a specific event.


In cooperation with the Customer, Intellias will develop on the bench and on the vehicle the future Infotainment embedded architecture in order to integrate and validate the future connected Customer innovations.
The current project phase is aimed at identifying and implementing hardware resources HPC SOC, RTCU (Radio and Telematic Control Unit) ECU, audio architecture.
Intellias is looking for experienced System Architect who can bring his experience, intelligence, and inspiration to our team.
The Solution Architect should have a highly developed set of analytical, communication skills, and consulting capabilities. Also, ability to present and communicate complex technical solutions both to the client and team members. He or she should be able to identify technical risks, propose solutions and effectively communicate them to all stakeholders.


Different Uses of NFC Tapping
ESLs with Near Frequency Communication abilities can be used for different businesses and purposes.
What is NFC?
Near Field Communication (NFC) is another type of wireless communication almost similar to RFID and Bluetooth communication. It allows communication between two electronic devices close to each other using what is called an NFC chip. The NFC chip operates as one part of a wireless link. SOLUM’s Newton labels are built with this chip which enables our electronic shelf labels (ESL) to have what is called an NFC Tapping feature, which can be very useful in more ways than one.
Using NFC Tapping for cashless payments
One of the uses of NFC tapping is cashless payment in-store. Retailers can let shoppers have cashless payment transactions with NFC-enabled tags and shelf labels. A shopper can walk into a retail store and pay for the goods just by holding their phone near the NFC-enabled ESL to use Google Pay or Apple Pay in paying the amount due. This helps reduce the waiting line in cashier queues, making retail operations faster and increasing customer satisfaction.
Using NFC Tapping for hotel service
Newton’s NFC-tapping capabilities were initially marketed to hotels in response to the health measures the hospitality industry needed to comply with when the pandemic happened. But there are other benefits of NFC-tapping to hotel operations. Another use of NFC tapping is hotel room security. As Newton labels are virtually available everywhere, they can be placed beside the door as hotel room signage that can also serve as smart locks that can only be opened by room key cards.
Using NFC for Workplace Communication
With Newton, employees working in large-scale facilities will be able to check-in at their current location effortlessly and record their time spent working more accurately. Task reporting will also be easier as they can easily tap the tags as they move from one workstation to the next. This method also reduces the chances of error that manual logging often has.
Are you interested in learning more about the different uses of NFC tapping through ESL?
Contact us today so we can discuss this matter with you!


Port Locker software helps the user to increase the level of the data security. Port Locker blocks all Ports of your system to prevent leakage of data.
USB ports, CD/DVD ROM, IEEE 1394, Printers, Network Adaptor, Infrared and Bluetooth can be blocked using the software.
CD/DVD and IEEE1394 ports need to be unblocked so data card can be used. Data card is using IEEE 1394 interface.
No, Port Locker is password protected.
Yes. User can schedule the time when the port should be block to a user.
Yes. We can allow specific drive by white listing it.
No, Port Locker only blocks mail send via Microsoft Outlook
Yes, by using the Read only feature of the Port Locker User can make USB derives Read only.
Yes, User can Block the Print Screen of the system.
Yes, by making the setting of Log size and Log days Port locker will delete the reports and logs automatically.


Copyrights to these papers may be held by the publishers. The download files are preprints. It is understood that all persons copying this information will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. These works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.
Christian Berger, Volodymyr Arbatov, Yevgen Voronenko, Franz Franchetti and Markus Püschel (Proc. International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 1693-1696 , 2011)
Real-Time Software Implementation of an IEEE 802.11a Baseband Receiver on Intel Multicore
Preprint (148 KB)
Published paper (link to publisher)
We present a software-only implementation of an IEEE~802.11a (WiFi) receiver optimized for Intel multicore platforms. The receiver is about 50 times faster than a straightforward C implementation, i.e., an implementation that has the same functionality, but leaves optimization completely to the compiler. Our hand-optimized implementation achieves real-time for all data rates up to the maximum of 54 Mbit/s on a Core i7, clocked at 3.3 GHz, and for up to 12 Mbit/s on an Atom, clocked at 1.6 GHz, using two cores in both cases. To achieve this performance we use up to two threads, up to 16-way vectorization using Intel's SSE, and various other optimizations.Keywords: Multithreading, SIMD vectorization, Beyond transforms, Software defined radio (SDR)


Convert to HTK Online Tool.
HTK Files are audio files used and created in the Hidden Markov Model Toolkit for speech recognition analysis. The Hidden Markov Model Toolkit (HMM) was developed by Cambridge University to function as a speech recognition toolkit. It uses HTK files, which are audio files. These files contain audio that is used in speech recognition analysis. The HMM creates these files by converting standard audio files like WAV files into HTK format. If you do not want to use the HMM to listen to the audio in an HTK file, you will need to convert your file to a standard audio format. The converted file can then be played on a media player.


- Academic Enrichment Programs
- Cooperative Purchasing
- Education Services
- Health & Safety
- Information Technology
- Insurance/Risk Management
- Regional Center of Excellence
- Room Rental
- About Us
2009 Stimulus - NESC Middle Mile Fiber Project
On June 24, 2009, the Northeast Service Cooperative board formally approved the development of both a grant and loan application to extend fiber and other broadband technologies to critical service and under/unserved areas in northeast Minnesota.
The project will entail interconnecting approximately 85 communities across the region with a fiber backbone and deploying other current technologies, such as VDLS2 and WiMax, to reach beyond the fiber path to under and unserved areas.
The project will be funded entirely using existing public sector funding and will provide opportunities for the private sector to further improve broadband connectivity.
The NESC successfully submitted a federal grant/loan proposal on August 20, 2009.
On March 23, 2010 the USDA published a news release publicly announcing the award of funding for NESC's Northeast Middle Mile Fiber Project.


Sending commercial and financial data using EDI messages formats often requires special data security features and actions such as digital signature, encryption, etc. These services are not yet provided by the EDI standards and by the public networks in such a way that the message recipient can uniquely recognize the message originator, and be assured that no modifications were made to the message data by any external intervention.
TRAFIC/Security product is a product that answers the needs for securing commercial documents data sent via public networks using EDI international standards.
TRAFIC/Security System is a unique product which enables to secure EDI messages data by using digital signatures by which the sender is uniquely identified by the receiver. In addition, the signature is dependent on the message contents, so each data modification attempts subsequent to the message signing will cause failure of the signature verification process on the recipient side.
TRAFIC/Security works in conjunction with the several hardware products which implement the most advanced techniques of Cryptography (DES and RSA algorithms), and by using a Smart-Card device it ensures a most efficient data security level.
TRAFIC/Security can be incorporated into your EDI translation packages, performing the signature and verification of signatures transparently to the EDI process. The product includes the following major features:
1. Maintaining your trading partners keys and signature parameters.
2. Full audit report of all the security activities.
3. Manually and automatic signature and verification signature process, thus allowing
unattended operation with your EDI translation package.
4. Support of EDI national and International standards.
TRAFIC/Security is designed to work primarily on EDI documents, but it can be easily adapted to support any other kind of electronic data.


A Project Expo was organized by the Departments of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Institute of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Student Forum, on 27th January 2017. 52 students of ECE Department participated in the Expo. It was conducted to bring the latent talents of the students to the forefront and to make them realize their potentials.
Mr. Abdullateef Sheik Uthman, the Correspondent and Dr. N. Mohamed Sheriff, the Principal distributed the certificates to the students. Prof. S. I. Padma proposed vote of thanks.
Dr. K. Madhan Kumar, IETE Coordinator and Dr. P. Kannan, Organizing Secretary made necessary arrangements for the programme.


Broadband changes network, network changes life.
Great Wall Broadband Network Service Co., Ltd Great Wall Broadband Network Service Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as GWBN) is headquartered in Beijing and has branches in more than 50 cities across the country. It is the pioneer of China's implementation of Internet broadband access. Taking the opportunity of high-tech development in the new century, Great Wall Broadband Network Service Co., Ltd. is based on the new generation of broadband network construction based on the Internet technology, providing users with access to backbone and from the sky End to end broadband solutions to the ground, and gradually develop broadband products and various value-added services based on multimedia technology. Inspired by the 4G tide, Great Wall broadband, which is committed to network operation, has spared no effort to expand its R & D field. The group of the company is listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange; Stock abbreviation: Dr. Peng; Stock Code: 600804, selected into "Shanghai Shenzhen 300 index", "Shanghai Stock Exchange 180 Index" and "Shanghai private enterprise 50 index". Based on the new generation of optical fiber communication technology, the company is a private enterprise mainly engaged in broadband Internet access services, smart city and cultural creativity.
The company is now launching core cloud era broadband services: cloud broadband and barley box. Cloud broadband access with high-speed optical fiber, bidirectional symmetric transmission of massive cloud storage, network wide distribution coverage; Barley box: extremely clear video, ultimate enjoyment.


The STM32CubeF4 offers full support for all STM32F4 Series devices. You only have to define the right macro in stm32f4xx.h. Table 1 below lists which macro to define depending on the STM32F4 device you are using (this macro can also be defined in the compiler preprocessor). Table 1. Macros for STM32F4 series Macro defined in stm32f4xx.h STM32F4 ...
UHSDR firmware does only accept buttons, I2C, I2S and other GPIOs on mcHF using exclusively STM32F4. If you compile firmware for F7 you will get pin design for OVI40 with much more buttons, two I2S, two audio codecs and so on.
Parker pen types
Celtic river goddess
Fitzroy island day trip locals discount
The Raspberry Pi has an on-board audio jack, which is super handy for all kinds of sound effects and speech, just plug and go! However, for when you want better audio for music playback, a USB audio card can greatly improve the sound quality and volume. That's because the on-board audio is generated by a PWM output and is minimally filtered.
Oct 02, 2016 · On board audio capability The STM32F4 uses an audio DAC (CS43L22) to output sounds through the audio mini jack connector. The STM32F4 controls the audio DAC through the I2C interface and processes digital signals through I2S connection or analog input signal. • The sound can come independently from different inputs: 评估板： 6.1：STM32F4 -Discovery STM32F4-DISCOVERY 可以帮做工程师去发现 STMF4 高性能特性，并且容易地开发产品. STM32F4 -Discovery 基于 STM32F407VGT6，板上包括了一个 ST-LINK/V2 调试工具和 2 个 ST MENS.USB OTG 接口等 以及大量的软件例程.
32b ARM® Cortex®-M4 MCU + FPU. It supports up to 21 communication interfaces like up to 3 × I2C interfaces (SMBus/PMBus), up to 4 USARTs/4 UARTs (11.25Mbit/s, ISO7816 interface, LIN, IrDA, modem control), up to 6 SPIs (45Mbits/s), 2 with muxed full-duplex I2S for audio class accuracy via internal audio PLL or external clock, 1 x SAI (serial audio interface), 2 x CAN (2.0B Active) and SDIO ...
331 #define IS_I2S_AUDIO_FREQ(FREQ) ((((FREQ) ... Generated on Thu Feb 13 2014 18:54:12 for STM32F4 Standard Peripheral bibliotheek by 188.8.131.52 ... Oct 18, 2014 · STM32F4 has capability to output different clocks on specific 2 pins. You are able to output clocks in original frequency (no prescaler) and also with prescaler values 2, 3, 4 and 5. 2 pins are used to output different frequencies. They are not able to output the same clocks. You can output: MCO1 HSI: High Speed Internal oscillator, 16MHz RC HSE: High Speed External oscillator, or External ...
Up to 3 SPIs (42 Mbits/s), 2 with muxed full-duplex I2S to achieve audio class accuracy via internal audio PLL or external clock; 2 × CAN interfaces (2.0B Active) SDIO interface; Advanced connectivity; USB 2.0 full-speed device/host/OTG controller with on-chip PHY
Springdale 1740rk weight
Vandy vape requiem release date
Pd injector lash Audio frequency to be configured for the I2S peripheral. Definition at line 1061 of file stm32f4_discovery_audio.c . References AUDIO_ERROR , AUDIO_OK , hAudioInI2s , and I2S2 . Isiphephetho umuthi Inkomstenbelasting duitsland berekenen
Asrock b550 pbo
Nov 29, 2014 · 4) While DMA is sending the data to I2S, the USB still receives the packets and stores them in a buffer. Here I found some confusing things about DMA. There is a function in the driver strucure with two possible parameters that can send the audio to the I2S DAC: AUDIO_COMMAND_START which invokes BSP_AUDIO_OUT_Play TX modulator with STM32F4 floating point μP + AD9957 DDS @368.64 MHz Clocking source Si5338 drived by 10MHz TCXO or External reference input TX modulator from I2S source: MIC using Cirrus CS5346 or USB integrated Codec (CM6510B codec with customized firmware) CAT USB interface with FTDI controller MAIN FEATURES
Breaking the Car Audio Cost-Performance Barrier with ARM Cores PIC16F Series 7 KB Flash 512 B RAM 32 MHz 8-Bit Microcontroller - QFN-16. 7KB Flash, 512B RAM, HS Comp, 10b ADC, OPAmp, 8b DAC, CCP, PWM, COG, ZCD, CLC, PPS, EUSART, I2C/SPI 16 QFN 4x4x0.9mm T/R RoHS ...


PURPOSE:To contrive the unifying of the time for each system in the local area network with an economical constitution by providing a standard clock and means sending its standard time to other system at a prescribed interval to one system and providing a means controlling the time in its own system to the other system. CONSTITUTION:The home system 1 among plural system of the network is provided with the standard clock 11 and a time sending means composed of a time transmitting control section 103, etc., sending the standard time at a prescribed interval. Moreover, the other system is provided with a time control means (office computer 66) composed of a time reception control section 662 and a time control section 663, etc. Then the system 1 sends the standard time at every prescribed time and the other system not having the standard clock receives the standard time to make the time of its own system coincident with the received standard time. Thus, the time in the local area network is made unified surely.


What’s included with each hotspot?
Carrying case, USB cable with charger, and mobile hotspot unit.
Quick Mobile Hot Spot Guide
Before using the Hotspot, charge it for three hours. You may still use it while it is charging.
To turn on the Hotspot device, press and hold the power button until you see the word “Welcome” on the LCD screen.
In order to get a better wireless signal, make sure you are in an area that is covered by the T-Mobile network.
The Wi-Fi network name and password are printed on the label of the Hotspot device.
The Hotspot device works on most Wi-Fi enabled devices such as laptops, desktops, smart phones and tablets. To connect your device, find the Wi-Fi network name on your device and connect to it.
The Hotspot battery will last between 8 to 24 hours depending on usage. To shut down or turn off the device completely, press and hold the power button until you see the word “Goodbye” on the LCD Screen.
When you are ready to return the Hotspot to the library, place the device and charger in the box.
Make sure to return it to Library location’s service desk where you checked it out.
Please be gentle with the device, charger and case. There is a $10 fee for damaged or lost battery, charger, cord and/or adapter.


Home / Signing Certificate / Secure Email (S/MIME) Certificate
Perform digital signature and encryption protection for your email communication to ensure that your email identity can be verified and proven by the client, and support S / MIME secure mail.
Protect email security by using our email certificate (also called personal ID certificate) for digital signatures and encrypted communications. The Secure / Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) protocol ensures the integrity of mail, so that senders and receivers of email can verify whether the content they share is legal and trusted. All major mail applications support our secure email certificates, including Microsoft Outlook, Exchange, and popular mobile operating systems.
|Features||Personal Edition||Enterprise Edition|
|Usage||Personal Email Address||Personal and Corporate Email|
|Validation Requirements||Verify Personal Identity||Verify Personal and Business Identities|
|Priority Technical Support|
Most popular mobile devices and desktop computer mail clients support the (S / MIME) security protocol. You can use secure e-mail certificates to send encrypted secure e-mail content anytime, anywhere.


2. Ultra-thin appearance, original imported movement, strong error-correcting ability, shockproof, low noise, and can be operated horizontally or vertically.
3. USB plug and play connection mode: Easy access or installation of the unit through the USB port of most current laptop / desktop systems, low power consumption: the unit draws power from the USB port.
4. No external power adapter is required to provide disk drive requirements in a completely mobile environment. The portable USB disk drive can read and write, so no external power supply is required.
5. Provides a complete mobile computing environment when traveling or without a power outlet, with a very small form factor: light weight and small size. Which greatly increases mobility and reduces space requirements for 1.44MB or 720KB disks. The industry standard USB port connection method can easily be connected to ThinkPad i 1200/1300 series, NetVista S Series, and notebook / desktop systems through the USB port.


Most of us are using some kind of internet device to for our daily internet needs. If you are BSNL consumer you can test BSNL Connection Speed easily with your mobile or laptop. Here is how to do the speed test online.
How to do Bsnl Speed Test?
bsnlspeedtest.co.in is an independent speed testing tool and it works for both mobile and desktop / laptop browsers. To test BSNL Speed do do the following :
- Open BSNL Speed Test in your browser
- You will be able to see the speed tester speedometer along with start button.
- Just press the start button and wait for some time to let the tool verify your connection speed.
- Once it is done with the test you will be presented with the download and upload testing results just below the start button. Results of my BSNL broadband connection is something like below :


Sydney Airport North precinct
Two major, permanent traffic changes.
Spatial Media was engaged by Transport for NSW to create a visual communication video on road upgrades around Sydney Airport.
Work to support the changes, including new asphalt, line marking and installation of new traffic signs will be completed before the changed traffic conditions are in place.
View the video here:
Additional Project Information:
- Client : Transport for NSW
- Date : 15/10/2017
- Tags : 3D Visualisations


STRUCTURED CABLING & FIBRE OPTICS
Based in Sultanate of Oman, with a team of qualified installers, Bishara Est. LLC prides itself on providing a full cradle to grave solution for cabling infrastructure. With the experience of installing; We can provide a discreet fully functional traditional telephone, cat5e, cat6, cat6a, and fibre cabling infrastructure. The design is key with cabling, getting to know our engineering team who will carry out the work always puts the customer at ease. We always prioritize an exceptional work ethic, knowing that the customer’s premises are always to be respected and the installation will sympathize with the environment.
Bishara Est. LLC leads the data communications networking industry in the development, design of the most advanced, highest performing, structured cabling system and solutions that support today’s multimedia networks, applications and emerging technologies. We offer the most extensive range of solution for enhanced copper and Fibre optic connectivity system, Efficient communication and secured data provides information for successful business decisions. Bishara Est. LLC helps its customers to build the latest and most efficient information Technology infrastructure that will support the ongoing growth and success. Bishara Est. LLC offers fully integrated Data Centre solutions including room design, cooling system, raised floor, access control, UPS, storage solutions NAS and NAS or a combination of both, and server consolidations.
Feel free to get in touch, as we respond to 100% of our customers’ inquiries ‘within 72 Hrs. time. Call Now!!!


Consumerism has transformed business models in the energy and utilities marketplace from a transactional to a relationship-driven customer experience to mirror the high levels of service consumers expect from Internet giants like Amazon.
With one third of consumers saying their biggest frustration is repeating themselves to multiple customer service agents, field service organisations are turning to digital transformation to help them improve operational efficiency. Half of field service providers say they will use emerging technologies – like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and smart video – to offer a specialised digital customer experience by 2022. How do emerging technologies like AI-powered smart video deliver the holy grail of enhancing the customer experience while improving cost efficiency? What other benefits can utility providers expect?
Smart video and customer experience benefits
For utilities companies including water and electricity, a single fault can involve multiple visits to customers’ premises for assessment and repair, leading to delays before normal service is restored. Data is shared during phone conversations with the customer, or via paper-based or electronic forms that provide the engineer with minimal guidance, sometimes leading to incorrect or lost data. In addition, engineers managing tight schedules can sometimes neglect to add all the details necessary for approval or processing of a job. Small wonder then that customer satisfaction levels are negatively impacted.
Using technology to enable digital self-service is one way to cut call centre costs and deliver a personalised, consultative approach in this highly competitive marketplace. The water industry is leading the way in digital customer experience by using AI-powered smart videos. This emerging technology empowers customers to perform “self-assessments” to report issues such as flooding and leaks to their provider via any mobile device – even when they are offline.
Through a platform such as Vyn SmartVideoNotes, a customer has the option to avoid call centre queues and simply record a short video on their mobile device. This video is based on a guided storyboard to ensure all essential information is captured. The solution is built to be intuitive and easy to use for a layperson, equipped with a completely customisable storyboard to suit the needs of the individual company in question.
For example, in the case of a water company, the storyboard could include a sequence of simple prompts such as “where is the water damage?” for the customer to film the information required to rectify the problem. When the customer submits the video, it is converted into a series of thumbnails, with AI-powered voice recognition technology converting speech to text captions. This is then shared with the utility provider’s customer service team. The files are automatically categorised into the existing case management system for remote assessment and further action, such as assigning to the most suitable technician.
When customers self-report faults through digitised video forms, customer support staff can gain a 360-degree view of the issue, eliminating the need for information to be repeated to multiple parties. Smart videos enable two key areas of opportunity for customer service representatives: rich visual evidence for accurate knowledge transfer between all parties, and faster issues resolution through smart recommendations on next actions.
Smart video technology with embedded predictive analytics empowers customer service managers to make better decisions to deliver the personalised, superior service today’s consumers demand. Intelligent automation of day-to-day customer service operations generates a ‘right first time’ culture, which increases customer service responsiveness and thus, satisfaction.
Achieving operational efficiency
Smart video technology not only enhances the customer experience but also improves operational efficiency. Within the water industry alone, one UK utility company saw a remarkable uptake in the initial few months of deploying Vyn for Service SmartVideoNotes: 56% of customers switched to recorded self-assessments. As a result, the number of initial callouts to customers was reduced by 32%, removing travel overheads to positively impact the bottom line. Enabling digital self-service for customers through smart video technology significantly reduces call duration times and means jobs are scheduled and allocated appropriately with minimum delay. Consolidating customer service data into one automated self-service platform leads to better data accuracy. Embedded AI in smart video means customer files are labelled and categorised for easy retrieval by customer service staff and technicians, which reduces utility team handovers by half too.
Not only does smart video deliver a best-in-class, personalised customer experience but utilities providers can expect increased workforce productivity and better optimisation of resources, which ultimately drives day-to-day operational costs down.
Find out how you can keep your field service workers and customers safe, by contacting us for a demo today at [email protected]
Image Source: Johan Godínez, Piqsels


Akash Ambani announces that Jio is prepared for the implementation of 5G soon.
Leading telecom provider Reliance Jio said that it has purchased bandwidth in the 700 MHz, 800 MHz, 1800 MHz, 3300 MHz, and 26 GHz bands for Rs 88,078 crore over a 20-year term in auctions that were hosted by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT).
Thus, according to Jio, it would be the only operator in the whole nation offering “genuine 5G” services due to its distinctive 700 MHz spectrum footprint.
Reports claimed that nowhere else in the world could compare to Jio’s 4G deployment in terms of pace, scope, and societal effect. Thus, according to Akash M. Ambani, Chairman of Reliance Jio Infocomm, Jio is now poised to guide India’s transition into the 5G era with more ambition.
Therefore, a pan-India 5G rollout would be done in honor of “Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav.” Jio offers customers premium, cost-effective 5G and 5G-enabled services. Akash Ambani also emphasized that they would offer services, platforms, and solutions that would help quicken India’s transition to the digital age, particularly in key industries like e-governance, manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture.
Nevertheless, Jio claims that its 5G network will enable the next generation of digital products. It will even accelerate India’s AI-driven march into a $5+ trillion market.


How does a voice assistant work?
A voice assistant is a set of software resources making it possible to perform voice and language processing to respond to a user’s request. It can be embedded in various objects embedding microphones, loudspeakers, and computing capabilities (more or less developed depending on the case).
Objects incorporating a voice assistant (speaker, smartphone, or any medium capable of carrying such a device) can thus interact with the user to deliver a service to him following a voice request.
The assistant can answer a question, play music, give the weather forecast, adjust the heating, activate lights, make online purchases, etc.
It is common to confuse voice assistant and smart speaker, the latter being only an object containing a voice assistant.
The general operating principle of a voice assistant is characterized by 5 main steps:
Step 1: User “wakes up” the speaker using a keyword
The speaker is constantly listening to the keyword but, in principle, does not record anything and does not carry out any operation until it has heard it. However, there may be false activations when the object thinks it has detected the keyword (for example by pronouncing a word that resembles the activation word).
Step 2: The user is recognized (optional)
Some models allow the user to pre-record samples of their voice so that they can be recognized later and allow them to access a service that is differentiated from other users of the device (parents, children, guests, etc.). This is called voice biometrics.
As biometric data is sensitive data within the meaning of the GDPR, it may in particular only be processed in this context on the basis of the explicit consent of the person concerned.
3. The user states his request
Some loudspeakers record the user’s requests locally to leave him in control of his data. Most devices, however, send these requests to the cloud, ie to the voice assistant designer’s servers. In both cases, the device (or its servers) may be required to keep:
- A history of the requests is transcribed to allow the person to be able to consult them and the editor to adapt the functionalities of the service.
- History of audio requests to allow the person to listen to them again and the publisher to improve its speech processing technologies.
- Metadata associated with the request such as date, time, account name, etc.
Step 4: The spoken word is automatically transcribed into text and then interpreted so that an appropriate response is provided
The assistant will first translate the speech stream into words before extracting the meaning of the request, then define the action or the response to be made. Thus, a response phrase is synthesized and then played on the speaker, and/or command is placed (raise the blinds, increase the temperature, play a piece of music, answer a question, etc.).
Step 5: The speaker returns to “standby”
Finally, the speaker returns to standby, earnestly listening for a new command.


1.Fix USB issue. 2.Support 1M L3 cache. Specifications:ProcessorSupport dual Xeon mPGA603/604 processors at 400/533 FSBSystem Bus: 100MHz or 133MHzAutodetects CPU type to set external clock and multuplierSupport Hyper-Threading processorChipsetIntel E7505 Memory Controller Hub (MCH)Intel 82801DB I/O Controller Hub 4 (ICH4)82806 AA 64-bit Bus Master PCI Expander (P64H2)Super IO : W83627HFSystem memoryDual Channel PC2100/PC1600 DDR SDRAM4 DIMMs support up to 8GBSupports Unbuffered memory modulesSupports 128MB/256MB/512MB/1GB/2GB Memory ModuleSupports S4EC-D4ED chipkill technology ECCPeak memory bandwidth of 4.2GB/sGraphics1 x AGP slot support AGP Pro/8XAGP 3.0 specification (1.5V)AudioIntegrated Analog Device AD1981AAC97 2.3 COMPATIBLE FEATURESIntegrated Stereo Headphone AmplifierStereo Full-Duplex CodecSupport S/PDIF outLANIntel Kenai32 (82540EM) Gigabit Ethernet controlleIEEE-1394TI TSB43AB22 IEEE-1394 controller2 x 1394a ports (1 x external port, 1 x internal connector)Fully support IEEE Std 1394a-2000Cable port data rate of 100Mbs, 200Mbs, and 400MbsIt is highly recommended to always use the most recent driver version available.Do not forget to check with our site as often as possible in order to stay updated on the latest drivers, software and games.Try to set a system restore point before installing a device driver. This will help if you installed a wrong driver. Problems can arise when your hardware device is too old or not supported any longer.


According to Wikipedia, “Muntzing” is the practice of reducing parts in an electronic appliance to the minimum required for it to function. At it’s core, Muntzing is about simplifying by challenging core assumptions. Muntz rejected the assumption that his television sets had to work everywhere. By designing them to work only in areas with a strong signal he could leave out expensive components needed to pick up weak signals. With fewer components, his sets needed less power and didn’t overheat as easily. They were then much cheaper. All this because he challenged one basic assumption.
May 11, 2015


Rules relating to radio.
A recommendation and a rule not to disturb the others' radio connection (jammers) or false signal. Thus not allowed = No.
You are allowed to scan frequencies and gather important information to design or modify strategic events or tasks. Permitted = OK.
Search found 5 matches
Search found 5 matches • Page 1 of 1
Radio communication in Sweden is regulated by PTS, Post and Telecom Agency. Permission Industrial frequency strengths in Sweden: [PR27] / [CB27] transmitters for private radio. Carrier frequencies in MHz: 01 - 26,965 02 - 26,975 03 - 26,985 04 - 27,005 05 - 27,015 06 - 27,025 07 - 27,035 08 - 27,055...
If you have a radio or find one that fits in relation to the frequency / band area and meets Swedish PTS “Post & Telestyrelsen” regulations applicable transceiver features so you can use them and of course within its own context in the group provided that you not use frequencies that Berget Events h...


Wireless calls to 911 emergency service are commonly misrouted to the wrong PSAP (911 Call Center) where geographic areas share county and state borders. The current 911 system is configured to route wireless 911 calls to the PSAP based on the location of the cell tower. Critical seconds are lost trying to identify the caller’s location when they are not within the PSAP’s jurisdiction.
If you do not have a landline, but use a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone service, please be sure your provider has your actual physical location on record.
ALWAYS DIAL 9-1-1 FIRST – If your cell phone call gets misdirected, each county around Lake Gaston has a non-emergency phone number to call. Although these are the non-emergency numbers, they are the alternate direct dial to the correct jurisdiction for 911 help.
- Brunswick County, VA – 434-848-3133
- Mecklenburg County, VA – 434-738-0028
- Halifax County, NC – 252-583-7051
- Northampton County, NC – 252-574-1041
- Warren County, NC – 252-257-3456


The connectors are an integral part of modern manufacturing processes, allowing the efficient transfer of power and data between machinery and equipment. They enable automated processes and reduce the need for manual intervention. Industrial connectors play a vital role in streamlining manufacturing processes and increasing productivity, reliability, and safety. In today’s fast-paced manufacturing environment, where production deadlines are ever tighter and cost pressures are on the rise, with the right connectors, manufacturers can ensure that their production processes run smoothly with minimal downtime and disruptions, resulting in improved productivity and profitability.
One of its primary advantages is the ability to quickly and efficiently connect machinery and equipment. These connectors are designed to meet the specific needs of manufacturing applications and are available in a variety of types and configurations. This allows manufacturers to select the connector best suited to their particular application while ensuring a reliable and secure connection between devices.
They are also designed to handle the harsh environments found in many construction applications. Whether it’s exposure to high temperatures, extreme pressure, or corrosive chemicals, connectors are built to withstand these conditions and maintain their performance over time. This makes them ideal for use in a wide range of industries, including automotive, aerospace, electronics, and more.
Apart from durability, they have also been designed with safety in mind. With features such as locking mechanisms, keying options, and grounding capabilities, it also helps prevent accidental disconnection and ensures the equipment remains safe to operate.
It also plays a significant role in enabling automation and digitization in manufacturing processes. It provides the necessary connectivity to enable data exchange between machines and allows for real-time monitoring and control of production processes. And minimizes the potential for downtime due to equipment failure.
In addition, it enables flexibility in manufacturing processes. The ability to quickly and easily connect and disconnect the equipment. With it, manufacturers can reconfigure their production lines to adapt to changing product demands. This means that manufacturers can respond to market needs more quickly and efficiently, giving them a competitive advantage.
Another key advantage is its ability to reduce the complexity of wiring and cabling in manufacturing processes. With the lack of cables and wires to connect devices, the risk of wiring errors and damage is reduced. This simplification of wiring and cabling also results in cost savings as less time and materials are required to complete the installation.
In short, in streamlining manufacturing processes, industrial connectors enable the efficient transfer of power and data between machinery and equipment, allowing for the automation and digitization of production processes. They are designed to withstand the harsh environments found in many manufacturing applications, ensuring reliability and safety. It also provides flexibility in production, allowing manufacturers to adapt quickly to changing market demands. Finally, it simplifies wiring and cabling, reducing the potential for errors and malfunctions and leading to cost savings.
As manufacturing processes become increasingly complex and demanding, their importance will only increase. By selecting the right connector for their specific application, manufacturers can improve the efficiency, reliability, and safety of their production processes, giving them a competitive edge in the marketplace. Visit Allied Connectors.


This set includes:
1x Printed LEGO® Tile 2x3 'Soviet A-7 VHF Radio Transceiver'
Design & Print by Brickssoldier
Printed Tile color: DBG
The Soviet A-7 VHF radio transceiver (later models include the A-7a and A-7b) was developed during World War II and used for communication in rifle brigades and regiments. The complete station was designed to be transported by an individual soldier.
Option 1: Printed Tile Only
Its is not a full set. Only the 2x3 printed tile is included. All other bricks are not included.
Option 2: Full Set
Full set includes:
- 1x Printed Tile 2x3 'Soviet A-7 VHF Radio Transceiver'
- 12 Lego pieces dark grey / black / olive
This set contains small parts and is not intended for childern under 3 years.
top of page
bottom of page


Through Connecting Africa, SOS Children’s Villages and British Telecom (BT) are bringing free broadband internet access to more than 100,000 people in 30 SOS Children’s Villages in 15 African countries via a global satellite. Part of BT’s global Better Future programme, Connecting Africa provides internet access, supports operations and critical communications, in addition to facilitating staff and community access to training, development and e-learning.
Sub-Saharan Africa has the largest number of people without internet access on the globe. As in many regions basic infrastructure is not in place, connectivity is a tremendous challenge. Local networks are either not available or of very poor quality.
Connecting Africa bridges this gap. BT designs and builds the necessary network infrastructure. At the same time, BT engineers train SOS Children's Villages’ local IT support teams to maintain and operate this infrastructure, ensuring the project is sustainable in the long-term.
But connectivity alone is only the first step to success. Building digital skills is equally important:
In partnership with British Telecom (BT), SOS Children's Villages’ medical staff in Africa has developed a Health Management System that will be implemented in seven different SOS Children’s Villages Medical Centres in Africa. A common Health Management System speeds up the patients’ journey and administrative tasks, from the moment they make an appointment to when they leave the healthcare facility.
In October 2016, British Telecom won the Broadband Changing Lives Award for Connecting Africa, considered a prestigious recognition of excellence in the Broadband Market Place.
As connectivity has improved in the regions where Connecting Africa has been implemented, a number of locations have sustained, independent access to the internet, meaning the number of locations can be reduced in 2018. ©
BT also supports learning activities for children through an Open Space Literacy in Kenya.
How we leverage technologies to improve the lives of children and families.


The Government of Nauru says the introduction of the new 4G connectivity network will have far reaching and profound benefits to the nation, including improved business, education and health outcomes.
Digicel Pacific and its satellite partner O3b Networks have signed an agreement to increase satellite capacity to bring state-of-the-art mobile 4G and LTE connectivity to Nauru, with some customers already linked in to the lightning fast network.
Minister of Telecommunications Hon Shadlog Bernicke said the introduction of 4G technology was a key policy initiative and an election promise he made in July.
“This is a tremendous development for every Nauruan and we warmly thank our technology partner Digicel Pacific for allowing us to become part of the digitized international community.”
Minister Bernicke added Nauru will no longer feel the effects of isolation with the 4G network capable of linking friends and family from all parts of the world quickly and efficiently.
“The implications of this new technology for business, education and health are overwhelming.
“We will be able to achieve so much more as we transition into the global economy, not just in the Pacific but all over the world.”
The Minister said health workers and educators particularly will now have online access to resources and assistance previously not available.
Infrastructure for the 4G network began in Nauru in May and was completed with the installation of new hardware on the communications tower at Command Ridge.
“It has been worth the wait and I know Nauruans will be extremely keen to take advantage of the improved network with faster internet speeds and more reliable connections.”


Sometimes due to multiple use of the port where the localhost server is running gets stuck. the reason is even if you close a localhost server that port is still in use by some process. As a result it will not allow to restart the server.
There are two ways to forcefully clear the port so that you can restart the server again.
#1> In the terminal type:
ps aux | grep <process name>
It will give a list of process with PID of the process.
Then you can directly write
kill -9 <PID>
This is the conventional way of doing it. But there is a quicker way also available for this.
#2> You can directly use
sudo fuser -k <port number>/tcp
It will directly clear the given port number.
Suppose i am running my server on localhost:8008/ so my port is 8008 now.
I can directly use sudo fuser -k 8008/tcp It will directly clear that port and I can restart my server very quickly without getting the PID.


As technology takes over, more and more businesses are incorporating speech-to-text technology into their regular daily operations.
This cutting-edge technology is swiftly finding its way into various sectors, transforming our interaction with data.
As it permeates through different industries, it’s redefining workflows, enhancing productivity, and setting new standards for operational efficiency.
In today’s digital landscape, the adoption of voice-activated data solutions stands as a pivotal catalyst in transforming traditional workflows into streamlined, efficient processes.
This revolutionary technology not only expedites tasks but fundamentally alters how industries operate,
elevating productivity and accessibility in unprecedented ways.
Understanding Speech-to-Text Technology
Speech-to-text technology (STT) is an advanced system designed to transcribe spoken language into written text.
This cutting-edge technology utilizes sophisticated algorithms and neural networks to accurately interpret and convert spoken words into text format.
It operates through a multistep process
First, it captures the audio input through microphones or other audio-capturing devices.
Next, the captured speech undergoes digital signal processing, where it’s analyzed for sounds, patterns, and linguistic features.
This process involves breaking down the spoken words into phonemes, the smallest units of sound in a language.
Following this analysis, the speech recognition technology matches the detected phonemes with an extensive database of linguistic models and statistical probabilities. Using machine learning and natural language processing techniques, the technology identifies words,
phrases, and contextual meaning within the spoken content, ultimately generating an accurate textual representation.
Key components like acoustic models, language models, and algorithms work harmoniously to enhance accuracy levels and adapt to various accents, dialects, and languages.
Through continuous learning from vast datasets, speech-to-text systems evolve and improve their accuracy rate over time,
enabling them to comprehend diverse speech patterns and nuances.
The History Of Speech Recognition
Speech recognition started as basic software that struggled to understand human speech accurately.
Early versions faced challenges in recognizing different accents, languages, and even simple commands.
But as technology advanced, so did speech-to-text systems.
Over time, researchers and engineers fine-tuned algorithms and models, making significant strides in accuracy rate and speed.
They introduced machine learning and artificial intelligence,
teaching computers to understand spoken words better by learning from extensive datasets.
As these systems evolved, they became smarter and more adaptable, recognizing various accents, dialects,
and languages with greater precision.
Advancements in neural networks and natural language processing further enhanced their ability to understand context and nuances in speech,
making them incredibly efficient in converting spoken words into text.
Today’s speech-to-text technology is light-years ahead. It can transcribe speech rapidly and accurately,
whether it’s dictating texts, aiding accessibility for differently-abled individuals, or powering voice recognition assistants like Siri and Alexa,
making our lives easier and more connected than ever before.
Embracing Voice-Activated Data Solutions in Business
Voice-activated data solutions go beyond traditional speech recognition, integrating with various business systems to enable seamless,
Here’s a deeper look at the key advantages and benefits that voice-activated data solutions offer to businesses,
illustrating their role in transforming the modern workplace.
Enhanced Productivity and Operational Efficiency
Voice-activated data solutions are revolutionizing workplace productivity.
By enabling professionals to use voice commands instead of manual inputs,
these tools significantly cut down on the time spent on typing and data entry.
This shift allows teams to focus more on strategic tasks and creative thinking.
By streamlining workflows and reducing the manual burden, these solutions not only save valuable man-hours but also reduce operational costs, keeping business processes efficient and agile.
Advancing Accessibility and Inclusivity
These solutions are a boon for inclusivity, particularly for individuals with disabilities.
It breaks down barriers for those who find it challenging to use traditional input methods like keyboards.
For people with visual impairments or motor disabilities, speech-to-text technology transforms their interaction with digital platforms,
enabling them to ‘hear’ and ‘speak’ to technology.
This inclusivity not only empowers a diverse workforce but also extends your business’s reach to a broader audience, fostering a more inclusive environment.
Accuracy and Enhanced Efficiency
Voice-activated data solutions bring a high level of accuracy to business operations, effectively reducing the chance of errors common in manual data entry. Equipped with advanced voice recognition capabilities, these tools can accurately interpret various accents and dialects,
ensuring precise data capture. This accuracy is crucial in minimizing the time spent on rectifying errors, thereby enhancing overall operational efficiency.
Multitasking and Resource Optimization
These solutions enable professionals to multitask effectively, allowing them to execute multiple tasks concurrently.
For example, dictating emails or reports while engaged in other activities maximizes productivity without additional resource allocation.
This multitasking capability is invaluable in optimizing resource utilization, leading to more efficient and productive workflows.
Intuitive and Natural User Experience
Voice-activated data solutions are designed to understand and respond to natural language, making interactions more intuitive and user-friendly. Unlike traditional systems that often require specific command phrases, these tools adapt to natural speech patterns, fostering a more engaging and efficient user experience. This human-like interaction reduces the learning curve for new technology adoption and enhances user satisfaction.
Essentially, voice-activated data solutions are reshaping the business environment.
Their integration into various business processes marks a significant step towards a more efficient, inclusive, and innovative workplace.
Applications Of Speech-to-Text Technology Across Sectors
Speech-to-text technology, with its ability to transform spoken words into digital text, is revolutionizing operations across multiple industries.
This innovative tool is not just enhancing productivity but is also reshaping how tasks are performed in various sectors.
From healthcare to e-commerce, speech recognition technology is bringing about a paradigm shift in the way services are delivered and received.
Let’s delve into how this technology with its voice-activated digital solutions is being applied across different fields,
highlighting its transformative impact.
In healthcare, speech-to-text technology significantly enhances clinical documentation and patient record management.
Voice-activated solutions aid healthcare professionals in dictating patient notes directly into electronic medical records (EMRs),
thus saving time and improving accuracy.
This technology is crucial for transcription processes, and its evolving capabilities may soon assist in diagnosis and treatment.
It also reduces the administrative burden on healthcare providers, allowing more time for patient care.
In government services, speech-to-text technology can streamline administrative processes and improve citizen engagement.
It can be utilized in public service systems for quicker response and better accessibility.
Government agencies can employ voice-activated solutions for efficient document processing,
meeting transcriptions, and enhancing the accessibility of public services to citizens with disabilities.
It’s also instrumental in data collection for various government-led surveys and studies.
For the telecom industry, voice recognition and speech-to-text are transforming customer service.
They enable more interactive automated response systems for handling customer inquiries.
This technology can also analyze voice data for quality assurance and compliance purposes,
offering insights into customer needs and improving the overall customer experience.
Speech recognition also facilitates personalized and efficient customer interactions, setting new standards in customer service within the industry.
In fintech, speech-to-text technology is revolutionizing the way customers interact with financial services.
It allows for voice-enabled banking, where customers can perform transactions,
check balances, and receive financial advice through voice commands.
It enhances security with voice authentication and provides a more accessible banking experience,
especially for users with physical disabilities or those preferring hands-free operations.
E-commerce benefits significantly from speech-to-text technology through enhanced customer experience.
It enables voice searches and voice-activated ordering systems, making online shopping more convenient and accessible.
Customers can effortlessly search for products, place orders, and track their deliveries using voice commands,
thereby simplifying the online shopping process and making it more user-friendly.
Business and Communication
In the realms of business and communication, speech-to-text technology is a game-changer.
It facilitates the dictation of emails and documents, voice-enabled data searches, and real-time transcription of meetings,
enhancing productivity and collaboration.
This technology also assists in language translation and accessibility, making global business communication more effective and inclusive.
In essence, the growing adoption of speech-to-text technology in various sectors is a testament to its versatility and effectiveness in addressing the diverse needs of various industries.
As we peer into the future, imagine a world where speaking to technology is as natural as breathing, where every voice is heard,
understood, and empowered. This technology holds the promise of a future where barriers dissolve,
tasks become effortless, and human potential knows no bounds.
It’s not just about what it does, it’s about the boundless opportunities it unlocks,
transforming challenges into triumphs and paving the way for a more connected, inclusive, and efficient world.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How can businesses integrate speech-to-text technology effectively?
Businesses can integrate speech-to-text effectively by choosing reliable software, training models for industry language,
ensuring device compatibility, and prioritizing data privacy.
How is Speech to Text Used?
Speech-to-text captures audio input, processes it into phonemes,
and uses machine learning and natural language processing to generate an accurate textual representation of the spoken words.
What are the future trends in voice-activated data solutions?
Future trends in voice-activated data solutions include enhanced natural language processing for more nuanced understanding,
personalized user experiences, expanded multilingual support, and improved context understanding for more intuitive interactions.


Stream. Snack. Repeat.
We’re partnered with some of Australia’s leading providers to give you a range of options.
- An NBN specialist will review the services in your local area to find a strong Internet connection.
- We offer a range of phone plans, so we’ll help you find a plan that suits your lifestyle.
No more FOMO, we’ll get you online in no time so you can grab the popcorn, kick back, and stream the latest ep of MAFS.
You can choose from 20+ service providers
Your FAQs answered.
Origin, Belong, Dodo, Telstra, Optus, iPrimus, Aussie Broadband, and Superloop.
The National Broadband Network (NBN co) links you to the internet through Australia’s fixed-line and fixed-wireless infrastructure. Meanwhile, 5G Home Internet delivers wireless internet access without relying on physical cables.
Typically, NBN offers a speedy and dependable connection, now spanning approximately 99% of Australian households through the NBN rollout. On the other hand, while 5G Home Internet boasts rapid connectivity, its coverage is still expanding and may be limited in certain regions.
Both NBN broadband and 5G Home Internet are capable of supporting numerous devices and are available through MyConnect’s partners.
From NBN to satellite and of course wi-fi, there are several types of internet services and connection types.
This can range from networks like:
- Fibre internet (both FTTB & FTTP)
- Wireless internet (wi-fi network)
- Mobile networks
To find out what type of internet connection you can set up, speak to our team on 1300 187 449.
While it’s not possible to directly increase your internet download speed, there are troubleshooting strategies to optimise your broadband connection.
- Minimise the number of devices connected to the internet simultaneously. Consider disabling Wi-Fi on devices like tablets when they’re not in use to avoid bandwidth sharing with active devices.
- Assess your internet usage times. Avoid downloading/uploading or streaming large files during peak hours (typically 7 PM-11 PM). Alternatively, setting up an ethernet cable can help improve your megabits per second (Mbps).
- Close background applications that may be running. Even when idle, these applications can consume bandwidth through background refresh processes, depleting your available bandwidth.
- Check your modem settings. Simple adjustments, such as disabling “Quality of Service” or modifying your Wi-Fi channel frequency, can significantly improve the performance of the router.
- If you have NBN, explore the possibility of upgrading your broadband plan/nbn plan. MyConnect can help you connect to an internet service provider (ISP) through one easy phone call on 1300 187 449.
Whether or not you need to do this depends on the internet plan you go for. With NBN, it’s pretty common for providers to let you bring your modem, as long as it works with their service. But if you’re getting home wireless broadband, switching home internet plans usually means getting a new modem every time for your new connection.


Posted by Catherine Anderson on Apr 23, 2019
Ibanez Rg 120 Wiring Diagram
Ibanez rg 120 wiring diagram Detailed wiring diagrams for the light arrays can be found in fig finally the lens was fitted with a low wavelength pass ir light filter 54664 rg 850 edmund optics barrington new jersey Figure 4 is a block diagram of the sra power system. The sra requires an uninterruptible power source for linux and the three differential gps receivers and computers. Instead of an off the shelf ups Prep tools are available to prep the coax to the specified length so all that needs to be done is slip the new connector over the rg 8 rg 213 or lmr 400 coax pl 259 crimp on connectors to handle.
Ibanez rg 120 wiring diagram Although both have contrasting spatial resolutions 1000 and 60120 m respectively. These remote sensors measured the land surface temperature lst. In general studies found that urban areas had Among the 428 such residentially stable pairs identified 12 pairs were excluded because the technician could not locate the home or accurately diagram nearby power lines at one of the residences. Schematic diagram of the eukaryotic cilium. Crosssection illustrates the 9 2 configuration of nine peripheral microtubular doublets surrounding a central pair microtubule complex. The expanded view.
Ibanez rg 120 wiring diagram What is meant by quotmaking the transmitter happyquot is the concept that an antenna tuner presents a resistive load of 50 ohms transfer theorem for an ac circuit represented by the one line diagram.
It's possible to get or download caterpillar-wiring diagram from several websites. If you take a close look at the diagram you will observe the circuit includes the battery, relay, temperature sensor, wire, and a control, normally the engine control module. With an extensive collection of electronic symbols and components, it's been used among the most completed, easy and useful wiring diagram drawing program. Ibanez Rg 120 Wiring Diagram. The wiring diagram on the opposite hand is particularly beneficial to an outside electrician. Sometimes wiring diagram may also refer to the architectural wiring program. The simplest approach to read a home wiring diagram is to begin at the source, or the major power supply. Basically, the home wiring diagram is simply utilized to reveal the DIYer where the wires are.
In a parallel circuit, each unit is directly linked to the power supply, so each system gets the exact voltage. There are 3 basic sorts of standard light switches. The circuit needs to be checked with a volt tester whatsoever points. Ibanez Rg 120 Wiring Diagram. Each circuit displays a distinctive voltage condition. You are able to easily step up the voltage to the necessary level utilizing an inexpensive buck-boost transformer and steer clear of such issues. The voltage is the sum of electrical power produced by the battery. Be sure that the new fuse isn't blown, and carries the very same amperage.
The control box may have over three terminals. After you have the correct size box and have fed the cable to it, you're almost prepared to permit the wiring begin. Then there's also a fuse box that's for the body controls that is situated under the dash. Ibanez Rg 120 Wiring Diagram. You will find that every circuit has to have a load and every load has to have a power side and a ground side. Make certain that the transformer nameplate power is enough to supply the load that you're connecting.
Les paul standard wiring diagram ibanez rg wiring diagram 5-way selector ibanez rg120 wiring-diagram ibanez 7 string wiring diagram ibanez bass parts diagram gio ibanez rg wiring-diagram ibanez rg forum ibanez rg body.


- This event has passed.
Leveraging Underutilized 12 GHz Airwaves for 5G Competition and Digital Equity
November 2, 2021 @ 12:00 pm - 1:00 pm
As demand for wireless broadband connectivity continues to surge and Congress prepares to adopt a bipartisan infrastructure package aimed at closing the digital divide, policymakers must expand access to the nation’s invisible infrastructure: the public airwaves.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is currently considering proposals to expand access to the underutilized 12 GHz band. This band represents an unprecedented 500 megahertz of spectrum with enormous capacity for high-speed 5G-quality wireless connectivity.
Opening the 12 GHz band to wireless 5G and unlicensed opportunistic spectrum sharing is premised on studies that show coexistence is feasible with the two satellite services that currently share the 12 GHz band. By opening the band, the FCC can improve broadband coverage and capacity for millions of unserved and underserved Americans who for too long have been on the wrong side of the digital divide.
A coalition of industry stakeholders and public interest groups have come together to promote the potential benefits of expanding access to the 12 GHz band, such as facilitating the deployment of 5G wireless services, promoting competition, enhancing the benefits of next generation Wi-Fi, and narrowing the digital divide in underserved communities.
Join the Wireless Future Project and Public Knowledge for a panel that brings together a diverse set of perspectives to discuss the potential uses and benefits of expanding access to this 500 megahertz of spectrum.
Follow the conversation by following @OTI and @publicknowledge.


TESmart HDMI 4K@60Hz Ultra HD 4x1 HDMI KVM Switch 3840x2160@60Hz 4:4:4 with 2 Pcs 5ft KVM Cables Supports USB 2.0 Device Control up to 4 Computers/Servers/DVR
This 4x1 HDMI 4K@60Hz KVM Switch provides you with great flexibility in integrating cross-platform computer equipment easily. It makes you available to switch easily and reliably between any HDMI computers using one HDMI compliant display.
The 4x1 HDMI 4K@60Hz KVM Switch supports USB 2.0 hub and USB 2.0 keyboard /mouse. By using USB 2.0 hub ports on the KVM, you even can attach USB drive, printer, barcode scanner or other USB devices to the KVM. Switching can be controlled through variable methods, such as the front panel source selector buttons, IR signals and hot keys on keyboard. With EDID emulators in every input ports, keep PCs always have correct display information, prevent display settings changed while switching input ports. Support L/R audio output.
1.We recommend you use common basic keyboard&mouse, its Keyboard&Mouse USB ports can not compatible with these keyboard&mouse: some mechanical keyboard,bluetooth wireless keyboard&mouse,multimedia keys in multimedia keyboard,keyboard with custom key functions,keyboards with USB Hub.
2.Please make sure that the USB cable you are using does not exceed 10 ft.
3.Please Install CR2025 Battery Before Use Remote Control.
Works great to quickly control PCs / DVRs, Gaming Consoles and Security Systems.
Não há comentários para este produto.
Sua avaliação para este produto*


In a world where communication is the linchpin of progress and connection, Bulk SMS emerges as a quintessential tool, enabling the mass dissemination of messages. This article, a comprehensive guide to the question “How can I send Bulk SMS?”, will unravel the multifaceted applications and benefits of Bulk SMS, focusing on how platforms like Seven67 are revolutionizing communication strategies across various sectors.
Understanding Bulk SMS
Definition and Importance
Bulk SMS is a method allowing the transmission of a high volume of SMS messages to a broad audience simultaneously. It’s a versatile and efficient tool, especially beneficial for businesses and organizations aiming to reach their audience promptly and effectively. The advantages of using Bulk SMS services are manifold, including immediate delivery, high open rates, extensive reach, and being incredibly cost-effective.
How to Send Bulk SMS: A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Choose a Bulk SMS Service Provider
Selecting a reliable provider like Seven67 is crucial. It offers a range of features and competitive pricing, making it a preferred choice for many. To access the services, register and create an account on the platform.
Step 2: Create a Message
Draft a concise, clear, and relevant message. Ensure that the content is pertinent to the recipients and aligns with your communication objectives.
Step 3: Upload Contacts
Import or manually enter the contact numbers of the recipients. Organize the contacts into groups for more straightforward management and targeted messaging.
Step 4: Send or Schedule the Message
After reviewing the message and recipient list, you can choose to send the message immediately or schedule it for a later time, depending on your strategy.
Step 5: Monitor Delivery Reports
Track the delivery status and engagement of the sent messages. Analyzing the reports will help measure the effectiveness of the campaign and make informed decisions for future communications.
Bulk SMS for Business
Leveraging Bulk SMS for Marketing and Alerts
Businesses can significantly leverage Bulk SMS for marketing, alerts, and notifications. It allows companies to send promotional content and updates to their customers, thereby enhancing customer engagement and retention. By using a customized name or the company name, businesses can foster brand recognition and trust among their clientele, which is crucial for building long-lasting relationships.
Bulk SMS Services and Providers
Choosing the Right Provider
The market is teeming with various Bulk SMS providers, each offering distinct features and pricing models. Seven67 stands out as a reliable and user-friendly option, providing a plethora of features tailored to meet diverse needs. When choosing a provider, it is essential to consider factors like reliability, pricing, customer support, and additional features to ensure you select the right service that aligns with your requirements.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I send Bulk SMS for free?
While some providers offer free trials or limited free services, most reliable Bulk SMS services, like Seven67, offer various pricing plans to suit different needs and ensure seamless communication.
Q: How can I send Bulk SMS from my phone?
Most Bulk SMS providers offer mobile-friendly platforms or apps, allowing users to send messages directly from their phones, making it convenient for those on the go.
Q: How can I send Bulk SMS online for free?
Several online platforms offer free Bulk SMS services with limitations. However, for a seamless and feature-rich experience, opting for a paid service like Seven67 is recommended.
Q: How can I send Bulk SMS from Gmail for free?
Some services allow integration with Gmail, enabling users to send Bulk SMS directly from their email accounts, adding an extra layer of convenience for Gmail users.
Tips and Best Practices
Crafting Effective Messages
When sending Bulk SMS, consider the following best practices to ensure the effectiveness of your communication:
- Keep it Concise: Draft short and clear messages to ensure readability.
- Personalize Messages: Use the recipient’s name to make the message more personal and engaging.
- Include a Call-to-Action: Encourage recipients to take a specific action, such as visiting a website or replying to the message.
- Comply with Regulations: Adhere to legal guidelines and obtain consent before sending messages to avoid legal repercussions and maintain trust.
Bulk SMS is a versatile and invaluable communication tool in today’s digital age, allowing individuals and businesses to reach a wide audience efficiently and effectively. The applications of Bulk SMS are extensive and varied, making it a go-to solution for anyone looking to enhance their communication strategies. By choosing a reliable provider like Seven67, you can leverage the power of Bulk SMS to foster meaningful connections and achieve your communication goals.
Are you ready to elevate your communication strategy with Bulk SMS? Sign up with Seven67 today and experience a seamless, efficient, and effective way of connecting with your audience!


Unicast is a one-to one connection between the client and the server. Unicast uses IP delivery methods such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which are session-based protocols. When a Windows Media Player client connects using unicast to a Windows Media server, that client has a direct relationship to the server. Each unicast client that connects to the server takes up additional bandwidth. For example, if you have 10 clients all playing 100-kilobits per second (Kbps) streams, those clients as a group are taking up 1,000 Kbps. If you have only one client playing the 100 Kbps stream, only 100 Kbps is being used.
Multicast is a true broadcast. The multicast source relies on multicast-enabled routers to forward the packets to all client subnets that have clients listening. There is no direct relationship between the clients and Windows Media server. The Windows Media server generates an .nsc (NetShow channel) file when the multicast station is first created. Typically, the .nsc file is delivered to the client from a Web server. This file contains information that the Windows Media Player needs to listen for the multicast. This is similar to tuning into a station on a radio. Each client that listens to the multicast adds no additional overhead on the server. In fact, the server sends out only one stream per multicast station. The same load is experienced on the server whether only one client or 1,000 clients are listening
Important: Multicast on the Internet is generally not practical because only small sections of the Internet are multicast-enabled. Multicast in corporate environments where all routers are multicast-enabled can save quite a bit of bandwidth.