Enhanced Network Security
Stop East-West Threats with Effective Detection
ARIA SDS Helps You Make Smarter Security Decisions with Better Network Insights
With Forrester Research group estimating that 80% of network traffic is unmonitored sizable gaps exist in understanding what’s happening inside a network. With enhanced network security and products, security teams will now have complete network visibility, including east-west traffic, as well as automated capabilities for threat detection, disruption, and network policy enforcement. Threat detection and analytic tools are only as good as the data they ingest however using unsampled network metadata can be directed allowing them to efficiently and effectively detect network born threats in real-time. These additional network insights are available without impacting network or application performance.
With ARIA SDS enhanced network data:
Find and validate up to 80% more threats
Feed threat detection tools the right data to quickly scope and validate a network threat
Leverage leading SIEMs, IDS, IPS, and full-feature UEBA tools
Automate responses using SOAR and other detection tools
Perform automatic MDR as instructed by the SOC or detection tools
Achieve full threat detection performance at full wire rate
Enhanced Network Security Solutions:
- Monitors traffic and creates metadata to be fed to threat detection tools to visualize and detect the threats.
- Takes automatic programmatic actions to disrupt threats as they are discovered to stop the damage
- Records important traffic streams, such as those sent from the Packet Intelligence application
- Provides a forensic tool that can also be used to automatically verify breaches and their impact on critical assets
- Captures packets off the wire, timestamps them, and then load balances into IDS/IPS host, allowing support of higher line rates
- Works with Myricom ARC and SIA series to offload the functions to allow host servers to handle captured data to 10 and 25GB wire rates
What is Effective Network Security So Challenging?
Most traffic is not monitored for threats…
Forrester estimates that up to 80% of traffic is not monitored for threats as it moves laterally, or “East-West”, within an organization.
…so the majority of threats go undetected
With only 20% of traffic going through a firewall, it’s not surprising that many threats go undetected until the damage is done. East-West movement is where the majority of threats occur.
Better Network Intelligence Leads to Better Network Security
ARIA SDS Immediately stops network policy violations and within minutes contains threats or data leaks.
It is now easier for security professionals to monitor their network traffic in new, cost-effective ways, detecting all network born threats at full line rate.
With ARIA SDS, your existing security tools such as SIEMs, UEBA, and IPS/IDS are fed the right data to assist in detecting and stopping threats. In addition, added intelligence performs automatic API-triggered actions necessary to stop potential threats.
ARIA SDS can also enforce security policies such as stopping threats as detected, microsgementation, compliance assurance, and data loss prevention.
With ARIA, you have the right data to detect network-born threats.
Strong Network Security Starts With the Right Data
Resources and Related Content
ARIA Cybersecurity Solutions, a CSPi business (NASDAQ: CSPi) announces its ARIA Zero Trust Gateway, a next-generation network security solution focused on automated 100G Network…
Myricom ARC-C TxO provides network intrusion protection and cyberattack prevention with a unidirectional network traffic gateway solution.
Achieves deployment of advanced cybersecurity applications leveraging the NVIDIA BlueField-2 DPU
Make Splunk 80% More Effective at Threat Detection
Reduce False Positive. Improve Data Intelligence


In case you are interested in learning even more about the way the iNternet is functioning, you should also know about such crucial protocols as LDAP and SNMP. We are going to discuss them in this article.
This one stands for Lightweight Directory Access protocol (LDAP) which enables your computer to dig in through the directories (Folders) of your system. Technically Operating system do that for you, since a system without operating system is like a vehicle without a driver. But then again, a drive without vehicle is not much of price either. Well, you get the point. A Windows server system running an active directory, for instance, uses LDAP to dig in and out of the directory tree. When you use your computer to add something to the an active directory, Windows uses LDAP commands to update the active directory domain with the relevant computer’s information. You don’t see LDAP making all of these happen right in front of your eyes but happening behind the scene, which keeps the network flowing smoothly.
Stands for Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used to enable remote query and configuration of virtually anything connected on the network. But for this protocol to work, the client devices need to support this protocol. These devices could be your router, swtiches, computers and so on so forth. The massive chunk of data that you can get using one of these query programs in beyond! SNMP is one of the popular and widely used protocol to check on your network.
A SNMP architecture has three major layers.
All of the managers are there to make sure the communication is established with network devices which supports SNMP agents. Here the manager, network device and SNMP agents are all come in as software.
These agents, which live inside the devices like switches, router, microwave, workstations, printers, radio etc. All of them provide necessary information to the SNMP agents. The role that plays between managers and agents is the MIB (Management Information Base). MIBs is a object of data which is managed by the agent of the agent device. These MIBs are actually plain text files and the values of the files are MIB data objects.
One of the common use cases of SNMP is to monitor device performance, detecting device faults and recovering them, collecting performance for long term, remote device configuration, remote device control.
This kind of protocols are not something you would have to touch unless you are a network engineer or Network+ certified tech.


Shielding EMI / RFI / ESD
Shielding is used to control or eliminate the effects of undesirable radiation, e.g. EMI, RFI, ESD, etc., which could lead to decrease in the performance of electrical and electronic equipment.
The antistatic materials discharge the existing static electrical charge, e.g. ESD polyester, Kapton, etc.
The conductive materials provide a reliable solution not only for grounding but releasing of the static charges as well. The copper and aluminum foils are most commonly used for this purpose.


Emergency Control Center Integration
DEC112 is reaching an important goal – the integration with an Austrian emergency control center. Learn how the App works and what information a control center receives in case of emergency.
Anyone may use the DEC112 App to contact emergency services if it has been downloaded and properly installed. Properly installed means to get through the steps of a 2-factor authentication that requires a valid email address and, of course, the mobile number of the device hosting the application. Further, to ensure efficient processing of administrative issues associated with an emergency call, one should also provide additional personal data. It is important to note that sending emergency text messages from the DEC112 App requires at least one emergency control center (EEC) that is ready to receive such messages and proper configured services as described in previous blogs. Please contact the DEC112 Team for further information.
In the case of emergency, a DEC112 call requires just two clicks – one to open the App and another one to pick the service needed, by selecting one of the icons as shown left in the figure below. Selecting a service (1) immediately triggers a message sent to the proper PSAP including location, reference data and the configured name of the person in need. Note that we have included a simple echo service or Test Bot for practicing what to do in the event of emergency. This is just to give it a try and check if a chat message gets routed to the next emergency control center but would in no case reach a call taker!
As next step, the PSAP receiving the text message provides an immediate answer (2) to indicate that the message has been received at the PSAP and one should start explaining the emergency to the call taker (3) by either typing a message or selecting a predefined message from the App’s session control bar. Finally, one should receive a message from the call taker as shown in step (4). This is just a simple example where the chat session ends after this message – in real life the chat may continue until response units arrive on scene. The figure below shows the corresponding message flow as seen in the emergency control center.
Depending on how DEC112 integrates with the PSAP, location and reference data may be displayed in an additional web view (optional part shown left in the figure above), or just forwarded in the trigger message generated as soon as messages arrive at the PSAP (refer to our previous blog). In any case DEC112 provides a neat, web based user interface for chatting (shown right in the figure above). As soon as integration work has finished, we are happy to make DEC112 available via Play Store. Keep you updated in the next blog.


Purpose of the Open Systems Interconnectivity (OSI) model
The OSI model corresponds to the conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication function or the telecommunication. The OSI model aims to direct the developers and vendors so that the communication products and the software programs which they develop interoperate with each other. In other words, the chief purpose of the OSI model is to achieve interoperability among various communication systems via standard protocols. It also provides a logical comparison between different tools utilized for communication. The original version of OSI model comprises seven layers.
- Layer 1- The physical layer: This layer transmits the bit stream by the means of network at radio, optical and electrical level,
- Layer 2-The data-link layer: The purpose of this layer is to establish the physical network and placing the packets into frames,
- Layer 3-The network layer: The function of this layer is to handle the addressing and routing of data,
- Layer 4-The transport layer-The purpose of this layer is to manage the packetization of the data and its delivery,
- Layer 5-The session layer: This layers aims to establish, collaborate and terminate the conversation,
- Layer 6-The presentation layer: This layer forms the part of the operating system and is responsible for converting the inward and outward data from one presentation format into another
- Layer 7- The application layer: At this layer the network capacity is assessed and communication patterns are identified.
Compare and contrast TCP and UDP
TCP and UDP are the two layer protocols that are widely utilized on the internet for transmitting information from one host to another. However, both the networks operate in a different protocol. The most significant difference between the two protocols is that the TCP is a connection-oriented protocol whereas the UDP is a connectionless protocol. The difference between both the protocols exists in terms of reliability. In the case of TCP, the delivery of the message is guaranteed to the client while UDP is not much reliable as TCP, as no delivery guarantee is presented to the client if their message is delivered through UDP. No data boundary is preserved in TCP while it is preserved in UDP. Another difference between the two layer protocols can be explained in terms of their weights. TCP is considered as heavy weighted for the reason that an overhead is mentioned above. On the other hand, UDP is light weighted.
To buy a custom written Dissertation, place your Order Now.


Web system for real-time care of a supported person
SafeinHome is a US-based remote support service provider that integrates a diverse range of technologies and sensors to deliver enhanced accuracy and real-time 24-hour response. The company builds person-centered solutions tailored for enabling the lifestyle of the person supported.
2018 – ongoing
Technologies and tools
.NET, C#, WinForms 2.0, ONVIF, RSTP.
Expectations & requirements
The client owned offices and call centers but didn't have any remote monitoring system, which forced it to hire third parties that deliver remote systems for audio and video streams. This resulted in a substantial increase in cost which meant higher service charges for customers To overcome these issues, SafeinHome wanted us to deliver on the following:
In-house infrastructure based communication
The client's priority was to develop a web system that allows them to carry out audio and video communication relying on their native infrastructure without any involvement of third-party service providers.
Secure audio & video data storage
The system developed by us should've been able to store audio and video files in a safe and secure manner for a specific duration.
Remote supervision with two-way communication
Apart from ensuring access to video and audio streams to supervise a person supported remotely, the client wanted us to build a system that provides high-quality two-way communication.
Enable remote conversation
The system was required to give call center representatives the ability to engage in a conversation with the person being supported remotely.
We developed a proprietary web system that was implemented using WinForms which ensured seamless integration with the client's existing technology stack. Some of the key goals and objectives we achieved included the following:
Drafting & deploying SOPs
Development and implementation of certain rules for client's VPN servers along with the ability to log in to save information in a manner that it's completely insulated from outside interference.
Quick & easily scalable
Built-in scalability so the system can be easily customized based on client's request and new expectations and requirements.
Guaranteed protection of all the recorded information, with the operator having the authority to watch and rewind saved videos.
Real-time client interaction
The ability for operators to view video streams in real-time, enabling them to interact with the person being supervised.
24/7 viewable video streams
The option to display video streams from multiple cameras individually or collectively at once from different locations in the house.
Dibutech uses mathematical methods for data processing, best practises for data visualisation and statistical approach to model and predict possible outcome.
Client admin app
The team also developed an application for client’s administrators and DevOps allowing them to insert information and retrieve information on server load with cameras. This helped to reduce financial expenditure while maintaining the primary developed system.
New web system with the ability to ensure the highest level of audio and video content for real-time care enables seamless two-way communication for safe and independent living of supported persons.
Enhanced two-way communication
Our solution resulted in a new web system that ensured proper quality two-way communication and delivered round-the-clock the highest level of audio and video content flow remotely.
Secure file storage
The system has built-in functionality to securely store audio and video files in the client's internal storage.
While we were successful in ensuring improved service quality, reliance on in-house infrastructure meant that our client was able to reduce the price for their customers.
Functional UI/UX design for a marketing solution
Capable UI/UX design for ABM marketing solution and personalized content. Design features focus to be user-friendly and functional.


It has been a number of months in the making, but the Verizon Construction video featuring Vela has been released! Verizon is putting a full-court press (it is basketball playoff season) on bringing advances in field devices like iPads and Tablet PCs together with their 4G LTE MiFi cards, like the one in the screen grab from the video, to “revolutionize construction.”
What is a MiFi card? Well, it isn’t much bigger than a few credit cards stuck together and it provides instant wireless access for up to five people for 20’ all around it. Pretty powerful! We see superintendents and other jobsite personnel carrying them in pockets to create mobile Internet hotspots on the jobsite. Now with 4G LTE, those connections can be up to 10x faster than 3G networks. This allows end users to leverage any Internet-connected device or Tablet PCs in the field and instantly access Vela Field Management.
We’re honored to be chosen by Verizon to be the construction field management software featured in this initiative. Check out the video and, if you are a Verizon customer interested in Vela, you can sign up for more information on the same page! We’d love to work with you to show you how the MiFi can bring low cost, super-fast connectivity to your project.


The 19th International Conference on
Advanced Video and Signal - Based Surveillance
Nov 6 - 9, 2023
Welcome to AVSS 2023
AVSS 2023 is the 19th edition of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal-Based Surveillance. AVSS is the premier international conference in the field of video and signal-based surveillance. The goal is to provide a game-changing and cross-disciplinary forum that brings together experts from academia, industry, and government to advance the frontiers of theories, methods, systems, and applications.
There will be a main conference as well as multiple associated workshops.
Jul 17, 2023, 11:59 PM AoE (Extended)
Sep 7, 2023
AVSS 2023 +
Nov 7- Nov 9, 2023
The IEEE AVSS 2023 Conference Has Been Canceled.
August 18, 2023 We deeply regret to inform you that we have decided to cancel the IEEE AVSS conference this year due to unforeseen circumstances.
AVSS Newly Covers More Extensive Topics of Interest
June 23, 2023 AVSS newly covers more extensive topics of interest. See Call for Papers.
Submission Deadline Extended
June 22, 2023 Responding to extensive requests, the paper submission deadline for IEEE AVSS 2023 is now extended to 17th July, 2023 AOE.


What is a maximum cable length in a 24V installation?
All long cables suffer voltage drop due to the resistance of the wires within, where the resistance increases as the wires get thinner. When deploying ANIMATE, using the ANIMATE PSU (Power Supply) and TUF-HP (with GST08 0.75mm2 cables) we suggest that the maximum combined cable length, from PSU (Power Supply) to TUF is 3 metres. The ANIMATE system has been developed in such a way as to avoid long 24V cables. The compact size of the PSUs allows them to be deployed locally to each TUF, thereby minimising the 24V cable length and maximising the efficiency of electrical transmission using the higher voltage GST18 cables (ie: the cables between the PSUs). However, if a 24V distribution system is being designed with alternative cables (such as GST15 with 1.5mm2 cabling) then longer runs can be achieved – please speak to us if you are considering an alternative connection system.
Do you need more information?
Our expert team are ready to answer anyother questions that you may have.


We Revolutionize the Digital Oilfield by delivering a game-changing technology for Real-time Data Acquisition, Data Management, Time-Series Historian, Business Intelligence, Data Driven Analytics, HTML5 Visualization and IoT Managed RTU’s. We have best in class technologies (hardware & software) offered at significantly lower prices than all of our competitors. Our WellLynx software offers secure & reliable architecture with agile & flexible deployment using public cloud, private cloud or on premise within the client firewalls. A complete managed software and hardware solutions and supporting the industry accepted standards we have the lowest cost of ownership in the industry today.Read More.
The 1st IIoT Managed RTU on the market. Simple & easy to deploy and manage and supports most industry accepted protocols (MODBUS, DNP3, OPC, IoT-MQTT, FTPS).Read More.
The WellLynx Wellhead panel is Class 1 DIV 2 Certifications and supports Satellite or Cellular communications.Read More.
The WellLynx Enterprise software platform can be deployed using public cloud, private cloud or within the client IT domain. The WellLynx is secure, reliable, scalable architecture that can integrate with different communications media (Satellite, Cellular, WIMAX, etc.). With built-in Time-Series Historian, business intelligence, data driven analytics and HTML 5 visualization implementation and deployments time is reduced to hours and minutes.


Cradlepoint E3000 Series 5G Enterprise Router with 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6), 5x Gigabit Ethernet Ports
- Regular price
- Regular price
- Sale price
E3000 Series 5G Modem, WiFi, 5x Gigabit Ethernet Ports
The purpose-built router embedded or optimized for 5G
Cradlepoint endpoints provide industry-leading, Gigabit-Class LTE connectivity as well as Ethernet and Wi-Fi. The E3000 has the ports, interfaces, and software to make it optimized for 5G. The E3000 is sold with a subscription to NetCloud Service for Enterprise Branch which provides streamlined configuration and continuous cloud, modem, and router software feature enhancements.
- Firewall Throughput: 2 Gbps
- WAN Connectivity: 5G Low/Mid-Band, Cat 18 LTE, 2.5 GbE
- LAN Connectivity: Wi-Fi 6, GbE, SFP+
- Management: NetCloud 3 year subscription
- Power medium branches where security and analytics performance are needed.
- Gain fast day-1 connectivity with embedded 5G and Cat 20 or Cat 18 LTE modem.
- Add 5G combined with Cradlepoint 5G Wideband Adapters as a captive modem.
- Add a second cellular modem for dual LTE connectivity to failsafe all wireless connectivity.
- Integrate into your existing network with standards-based dynamic routing and VPN tunnel support.
- Enable unified edge security with application-aware multizone firewalls, IDS/IPS, Internet security, and available FIPS 140-3 Level 1 Implementation Under Test.
Follow this link for a full description of NetCloud, NetCloud Essentials and NetCloud Essentials + Advanced. This page also outlines the exact NetCloud coverage by device.


When Ethiopia announced on May 9 that it was launching trials for its first 5G mobile network in its capital, it joined more than a dozen African countries that are either testing or have rolled out the next-gen network. But just as for its 5G peers, the journey isn’t going to be smooth.
Governments in Africa are optimistic that they will one day use 5G to do large-scale farming using drones, introduce autonomous cars into roads, plug into the metaverse, activate smart homes and improve cyber security. Some analysts predict that 5G will add an additional $2.2 trillion to Africa’s economy by 2034.
But Africa’s 5G first movers are facing teething problems that stand to delay their 5G goals. The challenges have revolved around spectrum regulation clarity, commercial viability, deployment deadlines, and low citizen purchasing power of 5G enabled smartphones, and expensive internet.
Where things stand for Africa’s 5G pioneers
Ethiopia is joining Botswana, Egypt, Gabon, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mauritius, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe, when it comes to testing or deploying 5G. But many of these countries are facing delays.
Botswana: On Feb. 25, Botswana’s Mascom unveiled 5G to residents of the capital Gaborone. It started with four sites in the city, with a plan to lay more than 100 base stations by the end of 2022.
Egypt: Last February, Orange received spectrum from the Egyptian government that now allows it to test 5G networks just like Vodafone Egypt, Egypt Telecom and Etisalat Egypt. Though promising, Egyptians will have to wait for 5G services.
Gabon: Since it started testing the technology in November 2019, Gabon’s Gabon Telecom is yet to go commercial. Its CEO is targeting 2023.
Kenya: Ethiopia’s southern neighbor, has been testing the technology for a year now, but internet subscribers will have to wait till the end of the year, when the country’s telecoms regulator is expected to have issued mobile operators with 5G licenses. The country is expected to account for more than half of the continent’s tiny number of 5G mobile subscriptions in 2026.
Lesotho: Since Vodacom was given a temporary spectrum by the Lesotho government in 2018 to experiment with 5G technology, it has been a journey of pain. Wrangles between Vodacom, Econet and the regulator have hindered any meaningful 5G roll-out.
Madagascar: In July 2020, Madagascar’s Telma followed South Africa to launch a commercial 5G but three weeks later, the country’s regulator told the company to halt its plans.
Mauritius: On July 30 last year, the government of Mauritius announced the country’s first 5G network deployment to cover four zones but didn’t share plans for a fully commercial roll-out.
Nigeria: The continent’s largest economy, issued spectrum licenses in March, and is hoping to possess the widest 5G network in the continent this year. It is looking at August for commercial deployment.
Senegal: Since their first 5G tests in November 2020, Senegal’s Sonatel and Orange continue to do a number of trials in Dakar but the network still remains largely unoperational.
Seychelles: Citizens greeted the country’s 5G launch in 2020 with mistrust, expressing concern over health hazards. A year later, citizens in six regions are getting faster speeds of 1.2Gbps from Cable and Wireless Seychelles, for up to 100GB of use.
South Africa: The continent’s earliest adopter of 5G rolled out the technology on a temporary spectrum, but amid heavy strain on networks during the pandemic, Vodacom, Rain, and MTN were ordered to suspend that use from November 2021. In March, the country earned nearly $1 billion from its long-awaited 5G spectrum auction.
Uganda: In January 2020, Uganda became the first east African nation to test the possibility of launching a 5G network with ZTE and MTN. But a commercial launch is yet to happen.
Zimbabwe: On Feb. 24, Zimbabwe’s Econet announced that it had launched the country’s first 5G network and would activate two dozen sites by this month.
Expensive 5G smartphones slow adoption
Safaricom, the operator leading 5G adoption in Kenya, this month said that the high cost of 5G-enabled smartphones is slowing down the company’s ambition to offer mobile 5G services. The cheapest smartphone with a 5G smartphone in the continent goes for about $300, which is very expensive for the average African. One study in Kenya revealed that 94% of the population owns devices costing less than $200.
“That’s one of the reasons why we are focusing more on the 4G side and leaving 5G to serve the homes,” Safaricom CEO Peter Ndegwa told the Business Daily newspaper.
Africa needs to work hard on 4G first
The desire to catch up with the rest of the world has seen improvements in the existing 4G networks on which most countries plan to switch on 5G. As of 2019, 4G internet signals covered about half the continent, according to the industry body GSMA. Yet only 10% of Africa’s population presently uses 4G, a recent report from telecom firm Vodacom said.
Even more detrimental to the 5G dream is the fact that 4G network services in Africa are only available in urban and peri-urban areas as many providers try to deploy internet in areas with high usage to remain profitable, leaving villages years away from experiencing higher speed internet.
For now, 3G is still adding users. And the reality is that 42 African states are yet to start thinking about 5G.


A schematic, or schematic diagram, is a representation of the elements of a system using abstract, graphic symbols rather than realistic pictures. A schematic usually omits all details that are not relevant to the key information the schematic is intended to convey, and may include oversimplified elements in order to make this essential meaning easier to grasp.Standard Circuit Symbols For Circuit Schematic Diagrams
Circuit symbols are used in circuit schematic diagrams which show how a circuit is connected together electrically. The standard circuit symbols are important for circuit schematic diagrams.What is schematic diagram? definition and meaning ...
A drawing showing all significant components, parts, or tasks (and their interconnections) of a circuit, device, flow, process, or project by means of standard symbols. Schematic diagrams for a project may also be used for preparing preliminary cost estimates.Schematic Diagram Maker Free Download or Online App
SmartDraw's schematic diagram software is easy to use. It includes thousands of templates and examples to help you get started quickly. Select from a huge library of vector schematic diagram symbols that scale easily without quality degradation. SmartDraw is more than just easy—it is also an ...xkcd: Circuit Diagram
This work is licensed under a Creative mons Attribution Non mercial 2.5 License. This means you're free to copy and share these comics (but not to sell them). More details..Circuit Diagram: How To Read And Understand Any Schematic
What is a circuit diagram? A circuit diagram, or a schematic diagram, is a technical drawing of how to connect electronic components to get a certain function.. Each electronic component has a symbol.After seeing a few circuit diagrams, you’ll quickly learn how to distinguish the different symbols.Circuit Diagram Learn Everything About Circuit Diagrams
With SmartDraw, You Can Create More than 70 Different Types of Diagrams, Charts, and Visuals. A circuit diagram is a visual display of an electrical circuit using either basic images of parts or industry standard symbols. Symbol usage depends on the audience viewing the diagram. These two different ...How to Read a Schematic Diagram Part 2
First Steps in Radio How to Read Schematic Diagram Part 2: The first step toward learning the basic theory of this series is to understand circuit diagrams — themobile phone circuit diagram download | MobileRepairingOnline
Mobile Phone Troubleshooting Diagram include IC integrated circuit descriptions, Antenna Signal, and Radio Frequency Filters sections, Power supply, Real Time Clock, Rom, Ram, and CPU section identification knowledge. when you start learning mobile phone repairing cell phone circuit diagram is a very useful and very important guide to every beginner student.TOYOTA Car Radio Stereo Audio Wiring Diagram Autoradio ...
PHILIPS Car Radio Stereo Audio Wiring Diagram Autoradio connector wire installation schematic schema esquema de conexiones stecker konektor connecteur cable shema car stereo harness wire speaker pinout connectors power how to install.. PHILIPS Car radio wiring diagrams. Car radio wire diagram stereo wiring diagram gm radio wiring diagram.
what is a schematic diagram Gallery
top261 amplifier power supply class d smps
webster electrical corp hms teletalk
16 step sequencer schematic
honda cb360t 1976 usa carburetor
buy ryobi ry15523 replacement tool parts
husqvarna yth 1848 xp 96013000300 2005
yamaha lb50pg chappy 1980-1982 electrical 1 lb50ph
went out to start my 2005 mitsubishi endeavor this morning


Each year, new technologies rise and fall, sometimes making an impact on our daily lives and other times barely leaving a trace. One category of emerging technologies that has the widest variety is the Internet of Things or IoT.
Someone who works for an Internet of Things (IoT) software company, the frequently asked question will be what is IOT?
It is defined as, A system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
Let’s see the simple explanation of the Internet of Things(IOT), it means that internet connection is the most valuable thing which benefit us in all terms, from calling & reading books to watching movies & news.
The point is that connecting things to the internet yields many amazing benefits. We’ve all seen these benefits with our smartphones, laptops, and tablets, but this is true for everything else too.
The Internet of Things is actually a pretty simple concept, it means connecting all the things in the world to the internet.
The confusion arises in your mind because there are so many examples and possibilities in IoT. To understand the benefits of connecting things to the internet. We should firstly connect everything to the internet.
When something is connected to the internet it means that it can send information or receive information. This ability to send or receive information makes things smart.
Let’s take smartphones as an example. we can listen to just about any song in the world, but it’s not because your phone has every song stored on it but it’s because every song is stored somewhere else, where your phone can send information (asking for that song) and then receive information (streaming that song on your phone).
A thing doesn’t need to have storage or a computer inside, but it needs to connect.
In the Internet of Things, all the things that are being connected to the internet can be put into three categories:
- Things that collect information and then send it.
- Things that receive information and then act on it.
- Things that do both.
And all three of these have enormous benefits that feed on each other.
Collecting and sending information means sensors. It could be temperature sensors, motion sensors, moisture sensors, air quality sensors, light sensors, and many more. These sensors with a connection, allow us to automatically collect information from the environment which allows us to make more intelligent decisions.
On the farm, automatically getting information about the soil moisture can tell farmers exactly when their crops need to be watered. Instead of watering too much (which can be an expensive over-use of irrigation systems) or watering too little (which can be an expensive loss of crops), the farmer can ensure that crops get exactly the right amount of water. More money for farmers and more food for the world!
Just as human senses, we are able to smell, taste, feel, and hear. Machines have sensors that make them sense the world.
We’re all very familiar with machines getting information and then responding. Your printer receives a document and it prints it. Your car receives a signal from your car keys and the doors open and many more.
The real power of the Internet of Things arises when things can do both of the above. Things that collect information and send it, but also receive information and act on it.
Kevin Ashton, co-founder of the Auto-ID Centre at MIT, first mentioned the internet of things in a presentation he made to Procter & Gamble (P&G) in 1999. Wanting to bring radio frequency ID (RFID) to the attention of P&G’s senior management, Ashton called his presentation “Internet of Things” to incorporate the cool new trend of 1999.
Let’s quickly go back to the farming example. The sensors can collect information about the soil moisture to tell the farmer how much to water the crops, but you don’t actually need the farmer. Instead, the irrigation system can automatically turn on as needed, based on how much moisture is in the soil.
You can take it a step further too. If the irrigation system receives information about the weather from its internet connection, it can also know when it’s going to rain and decide not to water the crops today because they’ll be watered by the rain anyways.
And it doesn’t stop there! All this information about the soil moisture, how much the irrigation system is watering the crops, and how well the crops actually grow can be collected and sent to supercomputers that run amazing algorithms that can make sense of all this information.
And that’s just one kind of sensor. Add in other sensors like light, air quality, and temperature, and these algorithms can learn much more. With dozens, hundreds, thousands of farms all collecting this information, these algorithms can create incredible insights into how to make crops grow the best, helping to feed the world.
As you can see from these Internet of Things examples, the future of IoT is a bright one. As new innovations emerge about how best to use IoT products, it will be interesting to see which way this technology heads.
Find out more about the topic and how your business or project can start benefiting from it!Talk to our experts today!


RS Micro – the company
Founded in 1981 by Dr. Richard (“Dick”) Snyder, RS Micro is well-known for being a leader in its high-tech design and manufacture of custom microwave and RF filters, multiplexers and unique sub-assemblies for military applications. RS Micro is AS9100 certified, has a number of products on the QPL (Qualified Parts List), and offers multiplexers to MIL-I-45208.
Located not far from New York City in Butler, New Jersey, RS Micro’s 30,000 square foot facility houses a very knowledgeable engineering staff highly competent in CAD design technology. With nearly 50 employees, they do nearly $10 million in business.
RS Micro – the products
Some of RS Micro’s points of focus over the years have included using evanescent modes of propagation to optimize size and insertion loss applied even to arbitrary transfer functions–1% to 80% and 200 MHz to 40 GHz bandwidths. It further evolved, as their website describes, to the development of “unique lumped element networks with symmetrical response, dielectric resonator designs (1 MHz bandwidth with a center frequency of 8 GHz!), compact high power, low-loss notch filters (switched and fixed), the smallest possible multiplexers, filters with wide passbands and wide stopbands combined with high power capability (1-4 GHz passband, stopband to 20 GHz, 1 KW operation) blind-mate filters (as small as drop-in designs)for high isolation applications, Bessel-Thompson world standard filters (our OR series) for use in optical communication systems, evanescent mode dielectric-based notch filters, and a host of other unique products for system application.”
With not only a complete machine shop for mid-range volumes, a test area with 1 MHz-50 GHz vector analyzers, a high-tech assembly area, and detailed finishing area. RS Micro supplies virtually all key players JTIDS/MIDS/GPS (all LINK-16) programs, a high-power spread spectrum military communication link which interfaces with TACAN, IFF, and other navigation/communication systems. They are the largest supplier of high-power notch filters in the world. And they are likewise highly-regarded in the industry for MIDS, JTIDS, ASPJ, AESA, ALQ-172, LAMPS, ALR67 (ASR), Rapport III, SLQ32, GPN, SPS- 48, GBR, AMRAAM, SM-2, AEGIS, etc.
Being AS9100 certified, RS Micro makes certain its assembly & test is done according to MIL-STD-2000 or 2000A, to satisfy ISO9000 requirements. With lean manufacturing, they do environmental testing on most products, including high power, temperature-altitude and leak resistance. The company has filters and multiplexers on many government QPL/NSN lists as standard, approved items. They have filter products that have been in the ocean, on land, in tanks, in bombers, fighters, satellites and missiles. In America they’re considered “best of breed” in small size or high power.
RS Micro – the problem-solvers
RS Micro’s staff aims at solving the customer’s problem by fully researching what is needed, making sure of complete understanding, and then knowing technologically how to develop a workable solution. Just a few examples of where they did that very thing are:
• They have the smallest high-power notch filters available anywhere, and continue to use new research to reduce their own record-small sized parts.
• They have very narrow bandpass dielectric resonator filters with wide stop-bands.
• They offer ilters with wide passbands of 1-4 GHz, wide stopbands up to 20 GHz, and 100’s of watts power.
• They can combine lumped, evanescent, dielectric, waveguide–all in the SAME package.
• They do blind-mate, high-isolation interconnections within packages and to external packages.
• Their combination of E-M and circuit co-simulation results in predictable interconnections of their filters to other components, e.g. amplifiers, isolators, detectors, and switches.
• Their combination of E-M and circuit co-simulation results in predictable interconnections of their filters in multiplexed configurations .
So, if you have an engineering quandary in their areas of expertise, give Midstates a call.


Global Positioning System (GPS)
In the Pre-Level 1 modules, monitoring strategies for training load such as Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and Wellness questionnaires were introduced, and it was shown how these are valuable, inexpensive, uncomplicated methods of assessing the training load. This section expands the topic of workload monitoring. The use of GPS is one such method that can be used to assess the demands of the sport and the loading placed on players during game and training time.
According to Hennessy and Jeffreys in 2018, GPS technology uses receivers and satellites to determine relatively exact positions of the receiving devices. The receiver calculates the amount of time it takes to receive a signal from a satellite and from this the position of the receiver can be determined. Once the receiver links with several orbiting satellites, a GPS receiver can provide a reasonably exact position and speed of the receiver device. In sporting environments, the GPS receiver device signal is often augmented with stationary ground-based receivers which can enhance the signal from the satellites and deliver a more accurate and reliable reading. Over time GPS technology in sport has evolved and the GPS receiver devices now also have other micro-electromechanical sensors built in such as gyroscopes and accelerometers. This additional technology allows for the quantification of metrics related to body impact, adding to the concept of workload monitoring. GPS technology has allowed for a greater understanding of the physical demands and workload of different team formations and positional profiling during match play, as well as training.
While GPS research provides excellent information on the movement and impact demands placed on players during both games and training, it is not a technology without issues. When using GPS data to monitor workload of their players, coaches must get valid and reliable readings from the GPS device. This means separating the noise or error from the actual signal in a GPS system. The rate at which the GPS devices sample per second is an important aspect for validity and reliability. Early GPS models used a sample rate of 1 Hz or 1 sample per second. This was then increased to 5 Hz, but these devices were shown to demonstrate poor validity and reliability when measuring high-speed efforts. Subsequently 10 Hz measurement devices were developed, which provided greater reliability and validity with the higher speed measurements. 15 Hz and even 18 Hz GPS devices have now been developed and these may provide greater accuracy of measurement especially above the high-speed thresholds.
According to Malone and colleagues in 2020, coaches are encouraged to look at the GPS system they have access to and examine its validity and reliability. The importance of this can be highlighted by the following example. If a coach is using a certain metric from GPS to monitor workload, they would be following the changes in this metric on a day to day or week to week basis and using the information to make training and programming decisions. If the coach observes a 10% change in the week on week metrics, they might adjust training or programming based on this information. The noise or the measurement error of the device for that metric, however, could be 12% in which case a training data interpretation error may occur.


USB-C is the future of data cables in the charging cable industry. This USB Type-C to USB Type-A cord can also serve as a simple cable for your phone or computer. The article discusses the many benefits of this type of cable and how it will soon replace other cables in use today.
Advanced Technology of the Cable Industry
USB-C is one technological trend with which the cable business appears to be having trouble. Compared to regular USB, USB-C is a more recent interface that is swiftly taking over as the de facto standard for data cords. Why? because compared to conventional USB cables, it is quicker, more dependable, and simpler to use.
In fact, USB-C capability is now built into the majority of major computer manufacturers’ products, making it simple for consumers to upgrade their hardware without having to change their data cords. Consumers will soon be able to replace their old, dated cables with newer, more reliable ones, which is fantastic news.
Benefits of USB-C
USB-C is the future of data cables in the charging cable industry. Here are some of the benefits:
– USB-C is reversible, so it can be plugged in either way.
– USB-C is fast and efficient, which means it can charge devices quickly.
– USB-C can support multiple types of devices, so it’s compatible with a variety of gadgets.
– USB-C is durable, which means it can handle a lot of wear and tear.
USB-C has quickly become the standard for data cables, and with good reason. Not only is it more versatile and faster than traditional USB ports, but it also supports newer charging technologies, like quick charge 3.0. As the industry moves forward, it’s important that we keep up with the latest trends and make sure our products are compatible with these new standards. If you’re looking to invest in a USB-C product, be sure to check out CableCreation‘s selection of chargers!


Lots of people aren't aware that they should contact their local electricity network operator if they have a power cut and often end up calling the electricity supplier they pay their bills to by mistake.
To avoid this the electricity network operators have introduced 105. An easy-to-remember number you can call that will put you through to the your correct local network operator who will be able to help.
To find out more information about 105 please visit http://www.powercut105.com/.
Your browser does not support Iframes
Your chosen electricity provider sells you energy but it's your local distribution network operator (DNO) who maintains the power lines that connect your home or business to our network.
If you wish to contact your DNO directly in the event of a power cut you can click the above link.


The AQ 2G charging station is a first-class example of elegant and high-tech design. The station will charge and maintain your hearing aid overnight giving you a full 20 hours of use the next morning. The device will also simultaneously charge and dry the hearing aid. The design of the charger makes it impossible to overcharge the battery. Hansaton provides a five-year guarantee giving you peace of mind knowing it will last.
The AQ 2G Charger also comes with an LCD Display with battery charge status, digital clock and alert status.


A small orbital shaker with a swivel motion, maximum shaking weight 2kg, the KS130 Control shaker offers an LCD digital display for speed and time and an RS232 interface t to allow for automated control and data recording. The KS130 Control package is supplied complete with a dish attachment and STICKMAX adhesive mat.
- Orbital shaking motion with a 4mm diameter
- 80-800RPM speed range
- 0-9h 59 minute timer
- LCD digital display for both speed and time
- RS232 interface
- Maximum shaking weight 2kg


Key features of our company
An underestimated procedure which when done properly will result in many years of reliable operation. We always aim to provide an installation of high standards that will stand the test of time and for the equipment to operate at its best.
Service And Maintenance
We offer maintenance contracts to customers that cover the cost of labour and provide a fast response to service calls placed. Service calls are attended to promptly and efficiently to provide peace of mind. Issues can frequently be corrected with a remote connection to the equipment and without needing to attend site.
Whether it's a small system for a specific area or a large premises with complex requirements. We have the experience and knowledge to help you design the systems you need.
Training on the operation of equipment is essential to gain the most out of any IT equipment, this we can supply as and when needed as circumstances change.
CCTV systems can be beneficial to everyone for various reasons. Whether you need it for health and safety, thermal fever screening, observing inaccessable areas or more commonly for security we can design and supply a system to meet your needs.
Centrally Monitored Systems are an unfortunate necessity in todays world.
Having a CCTV Monitoring company able to view any alarm activations 24hrs a day and deter criminal activity with audio warnings is a highly effective method of protecting your premises.
Structured network installation is an essential part of every office environment.
Category 5e or the later specification Category 6, a twisted 4-pair cable, is designed to carry digital data signals between IT equipment.
It is primarily used for office computer systems but is also used to connect CCTV, telephony or video systems.
Contact us today to discuss your requirements.


Update: While the device I discuss below initially seemed to work promisingly as a repeater, we’ve had lots of problems with it – it seems to work fine for a few hours, but then will stop working for no clear reason. At some point I’m going to try reflashing it as suggested in the link below, but I haven’t been in the same house as the router for any appreciable amount of time in the last 6 months. The post below is as I originally wrote it, but please be aware that it hasn’t worked nearly as well as I thought at the time of writing. Update 2: having revisited the house recently, it seemed to be better having changed the default address of the TP Link device to be different from the BT Home Hub (duh) and outside the latter’s DHCP range, so I’d recommend checking that.
I’m posting this because we found it surprisingly hard to find convincing instructions for setting up a device to extend the range of a wireless router, and I suspect many other people might be in the same position. In the end, the device we got was very cheap, easy to set up, and it’s a great improvement.
Please bear in mind that I’m just reporting what worked for us – I can’t guarantee the same will work in your situation or provide any technical support. (I’m pretty ignorant about WiFi, it turns out.) I imagine that this will work fine with other wireless routers and the BT Home Hub 3, but of course I can’t promise that.
We found that one end of my parents’ house had very poor wireless LAN coverage, since for various reasons the BT Home Hub 2 has to be placed at the opposite end of the house and there are plenty of walls and other obstructions. (For those outside the UK, the BT Home Hub is just an ADSL modem and wireless access point which BT give you when you order their broadband service – it’s quite a basic model and I assume the method described here would work with any wireless access point.)
We first tried a couple of commonly suggested solutions which didn’t involve buying new hardware:
- Checking that 802.11n was turned on: this seems to be the default on this router, however, which had b, g and n turned on when I checked.
- Changing the wireless channel to one with less traffic: the home hub actually has an option to pick a new channel automatically, presumably based on the other access points it can detect. This did produce a slight improvement in range, in fact, but still not enough to cover the complete house.
Some searching turned up this suggestion from Keith Beddoe from the BT community forums. His second suggested option is to set up a particular TP Link wireless access point as a “Universal Repeater”, but suggests reflashing the access point with some files he supplies. I’m always slightly wary of reflashing devices unless it’s absolutely necessary, and it’s not clear why it is in this case – the manual for the TL-WA701ND says that it can act both as a Repeater and a Universal Repeater. (The distinction between those two for this device seems to be that the existing router must support WDS in order to use the Repeater option – since the BT Home Hub 2 doesn’t, we want the Universal Repeater option.)
The only steps I needed to take to set up the access point as a range extender were as follows:
- Find a spot in the house that can still get a good signal from the original access point, but is near to the end of the house that had poor coverage.
- Plug in the TP Link TL-WA701ND there.
- Find an ethernet cable, and use that to plug a laptop into the TP Link device.
- Configure the laptop to have a static IP address of 18.104.22.168
- Visit http://192.168.1.254 and log in with the default username and password given in the “Quick Installation” guide.
- Updated: the default IP address of the BT Home Hub we have is also 192.168.1.254, so it’s a good idea to change the IP address of the TP Link device to, say, 192.168.1.1 – that’s outside the address range that will be allocated via DHCP by the BT Home Hub with its default settings, and helpfully this will also enable you to log into the TP Link device in normal usage.
- Under the “Wireless” settings, select an operation mode of “Universal Repeater”.
- Click “Connect” by the existing BT Home Hub.
- Save those settings – it may want to reboot itself then, so let it do that if so.
- Now go to “Wireless Security”.
- Select WPA and enter the key for your existing BT Home Hub. (If you have an earlier BT Home Hub, you might need to use WEP instead – it should say on the back of the hub where the key is shown.)
- Save those settings, and I think it will want to reboot again.
- Just to check that everything is working, now go to “Wireless Statistics”, and you should see that there’s at least one connection – that to the existing access point.
- The bit that everyone apparently forgets (including me): change my laptop back to using DHCP instead of static IP.
The effect of this is that there are now two access points with the same SSID as the BT Home Hub listed in the output of “iwlist scan”. The network manager on my laptop only lists it once, though, as does my smartphone. If I walk with my laptop from one end of the house to the other, it seems to reconnect seamlessly when moving into an area that is only covered by the range extender, and our phones behave similarly. So, that seems to be ideal and we get a good signal all over the house now.
The price of the TP Link TL-WA701ND is only £23, and this seems like a reasonable price to pay to get wireless LAN in the garden :)


High Quality and Cost-effective 50/125μm OM2 Multimode Bend Insensitive Fiber Optic Cable
The 50/125μm OM2 multimode bend-insensitive fiber optic cable is less attenuation when bent or twisted compared with traditional optical fiber cables and this will make the installation and maintenance of the fiber optic cables more efficient. It can also save more space for your high-density cabling in data centers, enterprise networks, telecom rooms, server farms, cloud storage networks, and any places where fiber patch cables are needed.
This 50/125 OM2 multimode fiber optic cable is ideal for connecting 1000BASE-SX, SFP transceivers, etc. for gigabit Ethernet and fiber channel applications.
|Connector Type||LC to ST||Polish Type||UPC to UPC|
|Fiber Count||Duplex||Fiber Mode||OM2 50/125μm|
|Wavelength||850/1300nm||1G Ethernet Distance||550m at 850nm|
|Insertion Loss||≤0.3dB||Return Loss||≥30dB|
|Fiber Grade||Bend Insensitive||Minimum Bend Radius||7.5mm|
|Attenuation at 850nm||3.0 dB/km||Attenuation at 1300nm||1.0 dB/km|
|Cable Jacket||PVC||Cable Diameter||2.0mm|
|Polarity||A(Tx) to B(Rx)||Operating Temperature||-20~70°C|
1m, 2m, 3m, 5m, 7m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 25m, 30m
- Vendor: tyler
- No ratings found yet!


- 发布时间:2015-08-29 16:56:02 点击次数:34
In view of the tremendous manpower resources at its disposal, Mansour Al Mosaid Group has decided to start a division to undertake Trading, Engineering and Construction activities in the region; hence the Power & Telecommunication Division was established to handle projects in these vital areas.
In the power sector, we are highly capable and committed to technical excellence for undertaking the projects of Power Plants, Power Transmission Lines, Underground Cabling, Distribution Networks and Rural Electrification. And in the field of Telecommunication, the expertise is available for installation of Earth Satellite Stations, Digital Microwave System & Radio Communication, Fiber Optic Transmission system, Digital Telephone Lines Network and Rural Telecommunication Services. In Trading, Mansour Al Mosaid Co. also offer its services Mansour Al Mosaid Est can also offer its services to Multinational Companies/Manufactures to act as their agent for their Project/Products in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.


In today's increasingly digital world, law firms rely on a stable and high-speed internet connection to access resources, communicate with clients, and manage daily operations. Understanding how internet connection bandwidth works and its impact on the user experience is essential for law firms of all sizes. In this blog post, we will explain the concept of internet bandwidth, how increasing users and applications affect it, and methods to manage bandwidth effectively. We will also discuss the optimal bandwidth for different sizes of law firms and the up/down speed variances of cable and fiber connections.
What is Internet Connection Bandwidth?
Internet connection bandwidth refers to the maximum amount of data that can be transferred over a network connection in a given period. It is typically measured in megabits per second (Mbps) or gigabits per second (Gbps). A higher bandwidth allows for faster data transfer rates, resulting in a smoother and more responsive online experience.
Impact of Increasing Users and Applications on Bandwidth
As the number of users and applications within a law firm increases, so does the demand for bandwidth. When multiple users access the internet simultaneously or when bandwidth-intensive applications are in use, the available bandwidth may become insufficient, resulting in slower connection speeds, buffering, and lag.
Some common applications used by law firms that can impact bandwidth include:
Cloud-based practice management software
Video conferencing tools like Zoom and Microsoft Teams
Voice over IP (VoIP) phone systems
Large file transfers and backups
Remote desktop solutions
Methods to Manage Bandwidth
To ensure a consistent and reliable internet connection, law firms should consider implementing the following strategies to manage bandwidth effectively:
Assess Bandwidth Needs
Regularly evaluate the firm's internet usage patterns and bandwidth requirements. This may involve monitoring network usage during peak hours, identifying high-bandwidth applications, and estimating the number of simultaneous users.
Upgrade the Internet Connection
If the current bandwidth is insufficient to meet the law firm's needs, consider upgrading to a higher-speed plan or switching to a fiber-optic connection, which offers faster speeds and greater reliability.
Implement Bandwidth Management Tools
Use Quality of Service (QoS) settings on the network router to prioritize critical applications and allocate a specific amount of bandwidth to each application. This can help ensure that essential services receive adequate bandwidth even during periods of high network usage.
Optimize Applications and Network Settings
Update software and applications regularly to ensure optimal performance. Additionally, configure network settings to minimize unnecessary data transfers and reduce bandwidth consumption.
Optimal Bandwidth for Different Sizes of Law Firms
The ideal bandwidth for a law firm depends on its size, the number of users, and the applications being used. As a general guideline:
Small law firms (1-10 users): A minimum of 50-100 Mbps should suffice for basic internet usage, email, and low-resolution video conferencing.
Medium-sized law firms (11-50 users): A bandwidth of 100-300 Mbps is recommended to accommodate moderate use of cloud-based applications, file transfers, and high-definition video conferencing.
Large law firms (50+ users): A bandwidth of 100 Mbps or higher is necessary for firms with extensive online activity, multiple simultaneous users, and a strong reliance on cloud-based services and applications. If you are adding VOIP services, it is recommended that you exceed 300+ Mbps.
Up/Down Speed Variances of Cable and Fiber
Cable and fiber internet connections differ in their upload and download speed capabilities:
Cable connections typically offer asymmetric speeds, meaning that download speeds are significantly faster than upload speeds. While this may be suitable for basic internet usage, it can be a drawback for applications that require high upload speeds, such as video conferencing and large file transfers. Cable internet speeds can range from 25 Mbps to 1 Gbps for downloads, while upload speeds are usually between 5 Mbps and 50 Mbps.
Fiber-optic connections, on the other hand, often provide symmetric speeds, offering equal upload and download capabilities. This makes fiber a more attractive option for law firms that rely heavily on cloud-based applications, video conferencing, and other bandwidth-intensive activities. Fiber connections can deliver gigabit speeds (1,000 Mbps or higher) for both uploads and downloads, ensuring a smoother and more consistent online experience.
In addition to the standard fiber-optic internet connections, there is another option available for organizations that require more robust connectivity: dedicated fiber. This service offers unique advantages that can greatly benefit law firms with high bandwidth needs and strict reliability requirements. In this section, we will discuss how dedicated fiber works and its benefits for law firms.
How Dedicated Fiber Works
Dedicated fiber, also known as a dedicated internet access (DIA) or dedicated fiber-optic line, is a type of internet connection that provides a private, dedicated fiber-optic link between the law firm and the internet service provider (ISP). Unlike shared connections, where multiple users or organizations share the same bandwidth, dedicated fiber ensures that the law firm has exclusive access to a specific amount of bandwidth, which is not affected by the usage patterns of other customers.
In essence, dedicated fiber offers a direct, high-speed connection between the law firm's network and the ISP's backbone network. This results in faster data transfer rates, lower latency, and a more stable and reliable connection.
Benefits of Dedicated Fiber for Law Firms
There are several benefits of using dedicated fiber for law firms, including:
With dedicated fiber, law firms receive a guaranteed amount of bandwidth that is exclusively available to them, ensuring consistent performance regardless of external factors or other users on the network. This can be particularly beneficial for firms that rely on high-bandwidth applications, such as video conferencing, large file transfers, and cloud-based services.
Improved Reliability and Stability
Dedicated fiber connections offer a higher level of reliability and stability compared to shared connections. Since the connection is not shared with other customers, there is less risk of congestion or network slowdowns. Additionally, dedicated fiber lines are less susceptible to signal degradation and interference, further enhancing the overall connection quality.
Symmetrical Upload and Download Speeds
As mentioned previously, fiber-optic connections often provide symmetrical upload and download speeds, which can be crucial for law firms that require high-speed data transfers in both directions. With dedicated fiber, law firms can experience consistent high-speed performance for both uploads and downloads, which is especially beneficial for applications like video conferencing and large file transfers.
Dedicated fiber connections are highly scalable, allowing law firms to easily upgrade their bandwidth as their needs grow. This flexibility enables firms to adapt to changing demands and accommodate new applications and services without the need for significant infrastructure changes.
Since dedicated fiber provides a direct connection between the law firm and the ISP, it offers an additional layer of security compared to shared connections. The dedicated line minimizes the potential for data breaches and unauthorized access, helping law firms maintain the privacy and confidentiality of their sensitive information.
For law firms with high bandwidth demands, strict reliability requirements, and a need for enhanced security, dedicated fiber can be an ideal solution. By providing a private, high-speed connection with guaranteed bandwidth, dedicated fiber ensures a consistent and reliable online experience, enabling law firms to operate efficiently and maintain client satisfaction. Although dedicated fiber may come with a higher cost compared to shared connections, the benefits it offers in terms of performance, reliability, and security can make it a worthwhile investment for law firms looking to optimize their internet infrastructure.
Overall, understanding how internet connection bandwidth works and its impact on law firm operations is essential for optimizing the online experience and ensuring that critical applications run smoothly. By assessing the firm's bandwidth needs, implementing management strategies, and selecting the appropriate connection type, law firms can ensure a reliable and efficient internet connection that supports their day-to-day operations and promotes long-term success. As law firms continue to adopt advanced applications and services, investing in a high-speed, reliable connection like fiber-optic internet will be increasingly important to maintain productivity and client satisfaction.


Kentucky State Police have a new mobile smartphone app that will change the way KSP interacts with the public.
The app is available in both the Apple and Google Play stores free of charge and allows citizens to report criminal activity, access forms and submit confidential tips in multiple formats. The application is titled KSPOLICE and is available for iPhone, iPad and Android phone users.
Some of the app features include a voice messaging tip line, the ability to send a photo tip, access to the sex offender registry and much more. One component of the app that Brewer is most excited about is the ability to geo-target specific locations within the state with emergency push notifications.
“We can now choose a specific city, county, region or even a particular building and geo-target that location with an emergency push notification message,” says Commissioner Rodney Brewer. “Think about how beneficial this can be to our citizens in regard to traffic issues, severe weather, missing persons or escaped prisoner notifications.”
“With the public’s eyes and ears, we receive crucial information that assists us in solving crimes,” adds Brewer. “This is community policing at its finest for a safer Kentucky. That was the driving force behind this app.”Brewer says the mobile app will enhance the partnership that KSP currently has with local communities by providing an easier, more practical way to send information.
Brewer encourages citizens to download the app and actively participate in crime prevention within their home communities. The app does not replace 911 for emergency situations.
“Keep in mind, when emergencies come up and life is at stake, we want people to utilize the 9-1-1 system. In no way is this mobile app a replacement for that service,” he explains.


Chairperson: Kwang Y. Lee
Graduate Program Director: Keith Schubert
Electrical & Computer Engineering (ELC)
Design of avionics systems for civil and military aircraft. Topics include avionics system technology and architectures; system engineering principles; radar, electro-optical, and radio frequency sensors; displays; and communication and navigation systems.
Geometrical optics, electromagnetic waves, diffraction, interference, polarization, Fourier optics, laser fundamentals, and optical communication basics. Laboratory sessions include semiconductor laser measurement, fiber optic coupling, and Michelson interferometer setup.
Analysis of robot manipulators, including forward and inverse kinematics, rigid-body rotation parameterizations, velocity kinematics, path planning, nonlinear dynamics, single and multi-variable control.
Analysis and design of linear feedback control systems. Laplace transforms, transfer functions, signal-flow graphs, electrical and mechanical system modeling, state variables, system stability, time-domain response, root-locus method, Nyquist criterion, and compensator design. Laboratory exercises to illustrate course concepts.
Analysis of power systems, including energy sources, transmission lines, power flow, transformers, transmission and distribution systems, synchronous generators, stability, power system controls, short-circuit faults, and system protection.
Introduction to power electronic systems with emphasis on power control and switching circuits for AC/DC, DC/DC, and DC/AC converters. Associated laboratory component.
Signal analysis, modulation techniques, random signals and noise, digital transmission, information theory, coding.
Introduction to image formation systems that provide images for medical diagnostics, remote sensing, industrial inspection, nondestructive materials evaluation and optical copying. Image processing, including image enhancement, analysis, and compression. Student specialization through assignments and project.
Software engineering methods and tools. Topics include the development lifecycle, requirements, specifications, design, implementation, verification, validation, and maintenance, project management and professional ethics.
Characterization and design of large-scale wireless sensor networks. Topics include wireless channel utilization, media access protocols, routing, energy management, synchronization, localization, data aggregation, and security. Laboratory exercises using wireless sensor devices, cross-development, and real-time operating systems.
Principles of biomedical instrumentation and their real-world applications. Emphasis on understanding the basic design principles and technologies used in bioelectrical, biomechanical, and clinical instrumentation.
A first course in the principles of solar energy collection, conversion and storage. Topics include solar photovoltaic and thermal collectors, sun-earth geometry, ground and sky radiation models, and balance-of-system components including stratified tanks, pumps, and power inverters. Students will learn industry-standard TRNSYS energy modeling software.
Fundamentals of radiation and propagation, antenna parameters, linear antennas, linear and planar phased arrays, and microstrip antennas. Analysis and design principles, simulation and measurement.
Introduction to passive RF, microwave, and wireless circuit design. Topics include transmission line theory; network analysis; impedance matching techniques; design of resonators, couplers, and filters; diodes; mixers; and principles and techniques of microwave measurements.
This is a second course in radio-frequency and microwave circuits covering microwave amplifier and oscillator design. Topics include the ZY Smith chart, matching network design, gain calculations, design for amplifier stability, noise figure and low-noise amplifier design, gain matching, and negative resistance oscillator design. A final project will require the design, simulation, construction, and testing of an amplifier using microwave CAD tools and hands-on measurements.
Study of advanced topics in electrical or computer engineering. This course may be repeated once under a different topic.
Design and implementation of embedded computer systems using microcontrollers, sensors and data conversion devices, actuators, visual display devices, timers, and applications specific circuits. Software design using microprocessor cross-development systems and real-time operating system principles.
Advanced topics and/or special project activities in electrical or computer engineering.
Selected topics in applied engineering mathematics. Topics include advanced linear algebra, signal theory, and optimization methods.
Computer-automated design of digital circuits. Functional specification; structural and behavioral modeling using hardware description languages; simulation for design verification and timing analysis; circuit synthesis for FPGA implementation; testing and fault diagnosis.
Advanced topics in computer architecture, including instruction set design, instruction pipelines, super scaler and very-long instruction word processors, cache and virtual memory systems, multiprocessor systems, large data storage systems and computer networks.
Hardware and software characteristics of real-time concurrent and distributed reactive control systems; design methodologies; performance analysis; case studies and development projects.
An in-depth study of electromagnetic fields and waves and their applications in modern wireless communication and sensor systems. Topics include Maxwell's equation for complex media, scalar and vector potentials, non-ideal transmission lines, cylindrical waveguides, general properties of guided waves, and antennas.
Fundamentals of microwave sensor design and applications. Emphasis on understanding the basic principles, fundamental electrical and magnetic properties of materials, and the sensor configurations of RF/microwave instruments used in industrial and biomedical application.
Design and analysis of solid-state electronic circuits at RF and microwave frequencies. Emphasis on operational characteristics and design procedures for two- and three-terminal semiconductor devices and the associated passive components and circuit fabrication techniques used for generating, amplifying, and processing signals in this frequency range.
The design of linear amplifiers and oscillators at microwave frequencies, including an emphasis on design procedures for optimum gain, stability, and noise performance of amplifiers and the negative resistance method for oscillators.
Electromagnetics of radar, signal processing of radar, radar imaging, Doppler processing, and radar antenna arrays. Analysis and design principles, simulation, and measurement.
Introduction to the processing and analysis of images in higher dimensions, including images and video. Characterization of higher dimensional signals. Multidimensional Fourier analysis, FFT's, systems and convolution. Reconstruction of images from projections. Tomography, Abel transforms, Radon transforms. Synthesis and restoration of signals using projection methods. Alternating projections onto convex sets.
Applications of signal theory and digital signal processing concepts toward biomedical signals. Topics include filters, signal modeling, adaptive methods, spectral analysis and statistical signal processing methods.
Foundational treatment of probability, random variables and stochastic processes used in the analysis of random signals and noise in many areas of engineering. Topics include the modeling and properties of probability, scalar and vector random variables, the central limit theorem, stochastic processes, stationarity, ergodicity, the Karhunen-Loeve expansion, power spectral densities, response of linear systems to random signals, and Markov chains.
Unified introduction to the theory, implementation, and applications of statistical and adaptive signal processing methods. Key topics focus on spectral estimation, signal modeling, adaptive filtering, and signal detection.
See BME 5357 for course information.
Foundational knowledge of computational intelligence and its application to engineering problems. Discriminant analysis, artificial neural networks, perception training and inversion, fuzzy logic, fuzzy inference engines, evolutionary computation, particle swarms, intelligent agents, and swarm intelligence.
Analysis of linear systems, including system modeling, state-variable representations, discrete-time systems, linear algebra, linear dynamic equations, stability, observability, controllability, state-feedback and state-estimators, realization, and pole placement.
Optimal control problems, static optimization, optimal control of discrete-time systems, the variational approach to optimal control, linear quadratic regulator problems, the maximum principle, extensions of LQR problem, time-optimal control problems, dynamic programming.
Introduction to intelligent control and optimization using a control-engineering approach. Topics include decision-making techniques, neural network architectures for modeling and control, system identification, fuzzy systems, evolutionary algorithms, and swarm intelligence.
Topics include: information models, entropy measures, data compression, coding theory, error correcting codes, the Kraft inequality, optimal codes, Shannon coding theorem, Burg’s theorem, evolutionary informatics, Kolmogorov complexity, algorithmic information theory, and Chaitin's number.
Introduction to distributed power generation, power conversion topologies and their control, power factor correction circuits, harmonic concepts and power quality, modeling and control of grid-connected loads and filters, interconnection standards and control issues, and control systems for rotating machines.
Designed for students in the process of selection of thesis or project topic. Students will gain experience in literature and/or laboratory research methods and formulation of a project appropriate for their area.
See EGR 5396 for course information.
See EGR 5397 for course information.
Students completing a master's program with a thesis must complete six hours of ELC 5V99.
For research credit prior to admission to candidacy for an advanced degree. Credit will be given for the amount of work done. May be repeated for credit through 45 hours.
Supervised research for developing a dissertation prospectus that will be the subject of the preliminary exam that will admit students to candidacy. A student may repeat this course for credit with a maximum of ten total hours. Registration for this course is sufficient for achieving full-time status.
Required of all doctoral candidates. In no case will fewer than 12 semester hours be accepted for a dissertation. Students may not enroll for dissertation hours until they have been officially accepted into candidacy for the doctoral degree. After initial enrollment, students must register for at least one semester hour of dissertation every semester thereafter (summer semester excluded).


Currently, GNSS reference networks are costly infrastructures that need specialized equipment and high costs for installation and maintenance. For this reason, most of the public and private GNSS networks are not very dense in the European territory and much less Worldwide. The final goal of GREAT aims at the realization of infrastructures that bring the advantages of differential GNSS processing (both real-time and post-processing), in terms of precision and accuracy ranging from sub-meter (DGNSS technique) up to millimetre level (static differential processing), to the widest community of end-users as possible.
The objective is very challenging but also important, that’s why GSA decided to co-found it. Spaceexe is proud to be the coordinator of a consortium composed of other 3 highly innovative SME (Yetitmoves, Teria and M3System) that can cover all the development and market chain for the exploitation of the GREAT project.
Today, a large number of new applications, highly demanding in terms of positioning accuracy, would need to receive real-time differential corrections from reference stations that are 15 km or less far away. In this context, the density of the GNSS networks could become a key factor for the development of innovative services. Moreover, some new safe sensitive applications such as autonomous driving and drones’ navigation will need reliable networks of reference stations that shall be redundant and resilient not only to local spoofing and jamming attacks but also in general to cyber-attacks and emergency situations (e.g. earthquakes or natural disasters). In this scenario, the purpose of the GREAT project is the development, test, and demonstration of the next generation of low-cost GNSS reference stations: high-level performance but extremely cost-saving.
Fill out the form and request information, one of our consultants will be happy to help you!


Therefore, the charge pump will switch on and off, and current spikes will appear on the charge pump output at the reference frequency. A typical wide-tuning-range LC-VCO employs the use of a switched capacitor network for coarse tuning and a varactor for fine tuning, such as in [17,18]. The implemented design of the CML stage is shown in Figure 3. Therefore, it is expected that the circuit design and layout will have a detrimental influence on the resulting quality factor . The measured phase noise for Designs A and B are shown in Figure 5.
Cambridge University Press, Finally, this chapter discusses some future work that could improve the current work. Finally, the loop filter is the component most commonly used to control system-level loop dynamics . This section introduces the loop filter and discusses how we designed two loop filters, one for loop bandwidth 1 MHz and the other for loop bandwidth kHz. Both PMOS- and NMOS-only topologies can provide an output voltage swing greater than the voltage supply with the help of a high tail- 8 current feed-through.
The derivation of the closed loop transfer function is shown below: Electrical and Computer Engineering.
Low power low phase noise CMOS LC quadrature voltage-controlled oscillators
A typical wide-tuning-range LC-VCO employs the use of a switched capacitor network for coarse tuning and a varactor for fine tuning, such as in [17,18]. Another reason the CML stage is ideal for this design is because it is a high-speed logic circuit.
Methods of resolving them will be discussed in Section 7.
Both PMOS- and NMOS-only topologies can provide an output voltage swing greater than the voltage supply with the help of a high tail- 8 current feed-through. The design consists of one VCO core with a switched-capacitor which can be switched on or off, creating overlapping tuning tuesis. It was noted that the measured amplitude of Design A was smaller than that for Design B.
Their stabilized frequency and their differential peak-to-peak amplitudes at various stages are summarized in Table 4. Based on the control voltage, the VCO oscillates at a higher or lower frequency, which affects the phase and frequency of the quadratuee clock.
The first PLL was introduced in and today, decades later, there are still many people researching this circuit . The purpose of the inclusion of this section is so sufficient comparison can be made to the post-layout simulation results.
Several MOSFET oscillator architectures have been analyzed and the start-up times compared using this analysis with applications to start-up time reduction of LC oscillators. The aspect ratio of M1 and M2 was designed to guarantee that the VCO would work well, at the desired frequency. A symbolic TVRL analysis is capable of computing the system roots during an oscillation with the help of Muller algorithm.
The operation of the CML buffer is based on the differential pair circuit. The fourth state, where thwsis current sources are active, never occurs theoretically .
Holistic Design In High-Speed Optical Interconnects – CaltechTHESIS
Abstract Integrated circuit scaling has enabled a huge growth in processing capability, which necessitates a corresponding increase in inter-chip communication bandwidth.
One switched-capacitor is used here to have two modes, for a fair comparison with the two-core Design A. Sufficient adjustments are made based on simulation results. Measured results show A third state occurs when none of the signals is active.
Electrical engineeringTelecommunications engineering Keywords: The corresponding results are then analyzed to detect the failure mechanism which is responsible for relaxation oscillations. First, the design of the VCO core with the switched capacitor is described.
In the context of phase noise, one should pay special attention to the quality factor of the tank as any deterioration in the quality factor would adversely 69 affect the phase noise performance. When using a bias-T tbesis part of the equipment setup, the phase noise improved by approximately 2 dB. thezis
Holistic Design In High-Speed Optical Interconnects
However, if the transistor size is big, its parasitic capacitor is big as well when the switched-capacitor is off, so considering the trade-off we must debug carefully. In particular, wide tuning range, low phase noise, and low power are desirable attributes for multi-standard and multi-band communication systems. University of British Columbia Library.
Kenneth, “A fully integrated 5. The two designs were fabricated in a nm CMOS technology. This will be further discussed in Chapter 3. At very small offset frequencies the spectrum becomes flat again . Comparison of these results to simulation results is made, indicating that overall the results match approximately and show the same trend.
In what follows the first-order PLL is first discussed. De Muer and M.


As Jim Williams said, "The bit pushers have commented software; why not commented hardware?"
This post contains, in visual form, commentary on some examples of prototype construction technique and some commercial printed-circuit boards (with apologies to Jim Williams... see Appendix F, "Additional Comments on Breadboarding", in ).
Solderless breadboard. No.
Wirewrap. Really, no.
Prototyping breadboard with 45 rows of connections for dual-inline-package parts. For soldering together small circuits, these boards aren't bad. (Electronics Goldmine has these boards for $2.)
A better construction technique is deadbug on copper clad. This board is a simple oscillator that Jim Williams built in the deadbug style (a demonstration of ; also see ).
A pile of deadbug circuit boards built by Jim Williams (his lab bench really looked like this).
The good life. A custom evaluation board (this one is for the Analog Devices AD6816 networking chip with many SMA connectors).
The low-cost circuit board from a floppy disk drive (a single-sided PCB, that includes a "square-wave" trace around the motor for the position encoder).
Left: The one-transistor keypad from an original AT&T touch-tone phone (see ). Right: the circuit board for a more recent phone.
A ruggedized power supply (you can tell it's "rugged" from all the epoxy holding the parts in place).
The controller board from an inkjet printer, which includes a wide variety of IC packages such as the socketed DIP, several SOICs, and that EPSON ASIC in the middle with a million pins on tiny spacing.
The PCB inside a Spectral Synthesis ADDA2218, an 18-bit analog-to-digital audio converter, which uses colored FR4 (the color isn't just painted on, it's also impregnated in the fiberglass). I thought this was a neat touch, for a circuit board that only one-in-a-thousand customers would ever see (only those willing to void their warranty!).
 Jim Williams, "High speed amplifier techniques: A designer's companion for wideband circuitry," Linear Technology Corp., Milpitas, Calif., Application Note 47, Aug. 1991.
 Bernard M. Oliver, "The effect of mu-circuit non-linearity on the amplitude stability of RC oscillators," Hewlett-Packard Journal, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1-8, Apr. 1960.
 Jim Williams, "Max Wien, Mr. Hewlett, and a rainy Sunday afternoon," in Analog Circuit Design: Art, Science, and Personalities, Jim Williams, Ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1991, ch. 7, pp. 43-55.
 L. Schenker, "Pushbutton calling with a two-group voice-frequency code," Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 235-255, Jan. 1960.


ASIAA has always focused on developing forefront technology programs which will drive the next generation of instruments. In our first decade, ASIAA concentrated on establishing a strong research program in radio astronomy. The assembly of a strong team which can develope its expertise in millimeter and submillimeter wavelength technologies has been the driver for the Submillimeter Array (SMA), the Anisotropy Microwave Background Array (AMiBA), and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) programs. The technical group now has a broad range of capabilities, including superconductor-insulator-superconductor mixers and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) chips, Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) devices, IF electronics, cryogenics, correlator, submillimeter wavelength antennas, carbon fiber reflectors, and control software.
In our second decade, ASIAA began to develop a technical group in optical/infrared (OIR) wavelengths. This assembled team has been the driver for the TAOS and CFHT/WIRCam programs. The success of WIRCam collaboration brought the experience of array testing and control electronics to the core expertise of the OIR laboratory. With such expertise, we continue to work on advanced instrumentation project in large telescopes, such as Spectropolarimètre Infra-Rouge (SPIROU) of CFHT and Hyper SuprimeCam (HSC) and Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) of Subaru telescope. Negotiation with Japanese space agency JAXA to join the next generation infrared satellite project Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) is ongoing. In addition, working on the future thirty-meter class telescope instruments is also planned.
The research of instrumentation in ASIAA includes receiver technology development, microwave device design and assembly, superconducting device development, and OIR detector array development. ASIAA will continue to expand on its technical development groups, with the goal of increasing capabilities in detection sensitivity in various domains.


Discord Hosting - Discord Game Servers
Discord is a modern program for audio and video communication between users. It is especially popular among the gaming audience. In the program, you can communicate both with one person and with several - in the latter case, you will need to buy a Discord server on the site or create it yourself.
What is a Discord server?
The Discord server is a kind of community in which several people can communicate at once. It consists of text and voice channels:
In text users communicate with each other using chat.
Voice calls use audio or video communication.
Our site offers Discord servers for sale with the option to rent hosting to start your community, where you can invite users with similar gaming interests.


Remote backup has some disadvantages:
- Depending on the available network bandwidth, the restoration of data can be slow. Because data is stored offsite, the data must be recovered either via the Internet or via tape or disk shipped from the online backup service provider.
- Some backup service providers have no guarantee that stored data will be kept private - for example, from employees. As such, most recommend that files be encrypted before storing or automating this process.
- It is possible that a remote backup service provider could go out of business or be purchased, which may affect the accessibility of one's data or the cost to continue using the service.
- If encryption password is lost, no more data recovery will be possible. However with managed services this should not be a problem.
- Residential broadband services often have monthly limits that preclude large backups. They are also usually asymmetric; the user-to-network link regularly used to store backups is much slower than the network-to-user link used only when data is restored.


- IP65 front panel gasket
- Fully programmable via keypad and communications port
- 7 segment, 4.5 digit LED display
- 10V @ 160mA excitation to drive up to 4 x 350 ohm load cells
- MODBUS RTU
- Programmable in flight compensation
- Variable gain load cell sensitivity from 0.5 – 200mV/V
- AC or DC power supply options
- Auto tare and peak hold
- Fully isolated 4-20mA and 0-10V analogue outputs
The GS1000 is a compact microprocessor based unit specifically designed to indicate and control weighing applications. Its flexibility of design allows for the connection of most strain or pressure gauges.
The industry standard 72 x 72mm front panel offers a full 4.5 digit LED display, together with a 4 key arrangement for programming and reviewing the parameters. Programming and set point LEDs complete the layout.
The basic unit offers the following facilities: auto calibration of high and low values, an easy Auto Tare setting and review. A password facility giving protection to parameters which would not normally be changed by the operator.
Several output options are available: a relay output module in one of three variants provides for up to two Set Points. Hysteresis can be applied to both Set Points together with In Flight compensation. Relays can be both inverted and latched. All these facilities being set digitally, in real engineering terms from the keypad.


Wireshark is the world's foremost network protocol analyzer, and is the de facto standard across many industries and educational institutions.
- Deep inspection of hundreds of protocols, with more being added all the time
- Live capture and offline analysis
- Standard three-pane packet browser
- Multi-platform: Runs on Windows, Linux, OS X, Solaris, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and many others
- Captured network data can be browsed via a GUI, or via the TTY-mode TShark utility
- The most powerful display filters in the industry
- Rich VoIP analysis
- Read/write many different capture file formats
- Capture files compressed with gzip can be decompressed on the fly
- Live data can be read from Ethernet, IEEE 802.11, PPP/HDLC, ATM, Bluetooth, USB, Token Ring, Frame Relay, FDDI, and others (depending on your platfrom)
- Decryption support for many protocols, including IPsec, ISAKMP, Kerberos, SNMPv3, SSL/TLS, WEP, and WPA/WPA2
- Coloring rules can be applied to the packet list for quick, intuitive analysis
- Output can be exported to XML, PostScript®, CSV, or plain text
# The following bugs have been fixed:
- Customized OUI is not recognized correctly during dissection.
- Properly decode CAPWAP Data Keep-Alives.
- Build failure with GTK 3.10 - GTK developers have gone insane.
- SIGSEGV/SIGABRT during free of TvbRange using a chained dissector in lua.
- MPLS dissector no longer registers itself in "ppp.protocol" table.
- Tshark doesn’t display the longer data fields (mbtcp).
- DMX-CHAN disector does not clear strbuf between rows.
- Dissector bug, protocol SDP: proto.c:4214: failed assertion "length >= 0".
- False error: capture file appears to be damaged or corrupt.
- SMPP field source_telematics_id field length different from spec.
- Lua: bitop library is missing in Lua 5.2.
- GTPv1-C / MM Context / Authentication quintuplet / RAND is not correct.
- Lua: ProtoField.new() is buggy.
- Lua: ProtoField.bool() VALUESTRING argument is not optional but was supposed to be.
- Problem with CAPWAP Wireshark Dissector.
- nas-eps dissector: CS Service notification dissection stops after Paging identity IE.
# New and Updated Features
- IPv4 checksum verfification is now disabled by default.
# Updated Protocol Support
- AppleTalk, CAPWAP, DMX-CHAN, DSI, DVB-CI, ESS, GTPv1, IEEE 802a, M3UA, Modbus/TCP, NAS-EPS, NFS, OpenSafety, SDP, and SMPP
# New and Updated Capture File Support
- libpcap, MPEG, and pcap-ng


The LAN-1 Cable Tester is designed for testing opens, shorts and miswired cable installations. It is designed to work with various data cables and connectors. This cable tester provides a quick go / no-go LED display of the wiring and connection of item under test. You can either step through the test cable wiring one at a time or have the unit automatically pulse through the pin-outs and display the results.
Detection of cable breaks, short circuits, reversed and split pairs
Check of shielding
Test pin configuration for:
- 10/100 base - 10 base-2 cables - RJ45 cables - AT&T 258A cables - EIA / TIA 568A/568B cables - Token ring cables
Testing installed cable on wall plate or the patch panels by using an external coding plug
Testing a cable loop or remote testing with a coding plug
Acoustic error display
LAN-1 Specification Overview
Display 2x 9 LED segments for cable occupation green output, red input
It means that the customer who wrote the review has also purchased this item.
You may find this information useful in helping you decide whcih reviews are most helpful in making your purchasing decisions.
If a review is not marked as a Verified Purchase it does not mean that the reviewer has no experience of this item as they may have one which they have acquired from elsewhere.


Coronavirus (Covid-19) = 5G & 5G = “Coronavirus”.
STOP LISTENING TO MEDIA & GOV’T LIES!
The below videos will clearly demonstrate the CLEAR link between the so-called “coronavirus” and the new…5G networks which are the REAL source of people getting sick! The “coronavirus” is just the FAKE cover-story so that telecommunications companies, that are behind 5G, can continue their 5G…CRIME with IMPUNITY!!!
Read now and watch the following…


On Thursday we welcomed Simon Mawn, Dieter Bischoff and Julia Grünhage from ZARM in our office to show them the current state of the preparations of our experiment.
We talked about mechanical drawings and the manufacturing of the components’ housings. There was a demonstration of the ground station and how we plan to operate the experiment. Furthermore we presented the electrical components we designed ourselves.
Finally the experiment was connected to a REXUS simulator for the first time. In that way we wanted to test, if all connections for signals, communication and power work as required for the REXUS rocket.
Unfortunately the experiment didn’t work initially. Some research in the afternoon showed that we are using a connector the wrong way round. With a self-build adapter the problem could be solved and the experiment finally worked with the REXUS simulator.
As a result we can state that PATHOS is on a good way and the IPR is passed! Now we have time until mid of december to finish the experiment integration and testing.