wan network congestion
SD-WAN combines two or more WAN links with artificial intelligence (AI), allowing data to travel over the best path toward its final destination. Characteristics of LAN: The software files will be shared among all â¦ Another issue related to over-utilized devices that can cause network congestion is Bottlenecks. a network) is handling more traffic than it was designed to handle per time. Cross-DC ï¬ows may congest either in WAN or DCN, while delay signal cannot distinguish them given its end-to-end nature. Alternatively, the capacity of the system can be increased by implementing high-availability features such as clustering and stacking. Un réseau privé virtuel relie différents sites WAN. MAN has moderate, and WAN has more congestion. We find that Annulus improves datacenter traffic tail latency by 43.2% at medium loads, and by up to 56×in cases where the majority of traffic at the bottleneck is WAN traffic. Conclusion. This is similar to getting on the train during rush hour versus when everyone is at work. URL Name. WAN optimization controllers (WOCs) can breathe new life into slow wide area network links, relieving congestion, speeding up file transfers and making applications more responsive. Layer 2 loops can be prevented by using loop prevention protocols such as Spanning Tree Protocol (. The fault tolerance of a LAN is more and there is less congestion in this network. This results in a high rate of collisions on the LAN, which increases jitter and packet loss rates. They were buying 100Mbps link capacity from their ISP but the users on the network were struggling to connect to the Internet effectively. DX NetOps is continuing to evolve to meet the challenges of today’s modern, complex network architectures to better enable you to quickly pinpoint and triage any performance issues. within the building. If this is not the case, then the higher-level device can result in a bottleneck causing congestion on the network. It prevents congestion spots from being created by diverting the traffic to alternate less-busy channels. Find the carrier hardware, plug a laptop directly into it and perform a speed test. The maintenance cost for a LAN is much lesser than the maintenance cost for a WAN. Like road congestion, this can cause network traffic to … Again, this is just due to the nature of the different setups in place here. If youâd like to learn more about how this solution can benefit your business, reach out to us today to get started. But what happens when there is a company-wide meeting and all employees come into the office? This leads to a dilemma of either under-utilizing WAN (deep-buffered) links with small delay thresholds or increasing DCN (shallow-buffered) packet losses with higher thresholds. LAN is a network in a home, school or an office. A WAN often makes use of transmission facilities provided by common carriers, such as telephone companies. 9. To be clear, SD-WAN solutions don't necessarily need policy guidance to optimize bandwidth on the campus network. Since broadcasts are contained within subnets, the larger the subnet the more serious the effect of a broadcast storm. We have seen how causes such as over-subscription, faulty devices, and security attacks can result in network congestion. Businesses Forget About Capacity Network congestion wreaks havoc with your connection and even temporary downtime can compromise your ability to operate quickly and satisfy your customers. While network congestion is usually a temporary state of a network rather than a permanent feature, there are cases where a network is always congested signifying a larger issue is at hand. Un réseau étendu (WAN) est un réseau d'appareils, de réseaux locaux (LAN) ou de réseaux métropolitains (MAN), qui sont connectés via des lignes de communication sans fil ou filaires. While WAN covers large geographical area. Implementing acceleration at the endpoint will improve application network performance while also reducing complexity and overall congestion across the entire network (LAN, WAN, Cloud). ... Cisco Learning Network Store Certification Tracker Cisco Learning Network Podcast. 8. Apart from the fact that this organization had wrongly terminated the link on a FastEthernet interface (which gives a theoretical speed of 100Mbps but much lower practical speed), that interface was also faulty. Congestion and a Lack of Bandwidth Bandwidth is often an unseen network trouble maker and learning how to increase it can be the secret to business success. For example, under no load, I ping 22.214.171.124 at about 30ms. A WAN could cover a city, a country or even several countries or continents. Traffic congestions can also be caused by other factors like accidents, bad roads, small roads, and so on. For WAN, achieving high network utilization is a focus and switches have deep buffers. neously detecting congestion in WAN and DCN. Network Management Software Buyers Guide White Paper. Filed Under: Blog, SD-WAN Tagged With: network, sd-wan, security, slow internet In this section, we will discuss five (5) common causes of network congestion including: Have you ever experienced a case where your web browsing experience is consistently faster at certain times of the day than others? For example, there is a high probability that you will have a better browsing experience at night than during the day. I read an interesting article this week about Sonoco, a large multinational packaging company, using containers to save on licensing. I am looking for processes and strategies that will help with both LAN and WAN congestion. One of the fastest ways to check if a network is congested is to use Ping because not only can it detect packet loss, it can also reveal delay in a network i.e. Congestion and a Lack of Bandwidth Bandwidth is often an unseen network trouble maker and learning how to increase it can be the secret to business success. Thus, networks using these protocols can exhibit two stable states under the same level of load. But the moment you start experiencing congestion, slow applications, sluggish connections, interrupted calls or … 000006331. A huge group of computers communicate at the same time. For oversubscribed links, you may need to purchase more bandwidth from your service provider. However, WAN challenges like network congestion or latency can cause slow app performance and dropped connections, which result in a poor user experience and lost productivity. Just like in road congestion, Network Congestion occurs when a network is not able to adequately handle the traffic flowing through it. WAN. As in most hierarchical designs where multiple devices feed into a higher-level device, care must be taken to ensure that the higher-level device is capable of handling all the traffic from the lower-level devices. In some cases (like the example I gave above about the 100Mbps link reduced to 30Mbps), only a part of the device (e.g. This drastic difference in speed forces congestion and causes some traffic to be dropped. Evan Wade. A diverse, millions-strong contingent of budding professionals, higher-ed students … Having trouble choosing the right NMS for your network? In the case of the compromised server, the first thing we did was to remove that server from the network completely. Both tests were conducted over WAN connections with similar latencies. Cases like this are usually the result of Over-Subscription where a system (e.g. Network protocols which use aggressive retransmissions to compensate for packet loss tend to keep systems in a state of network congestion, even after the initial load has been reduced to a level which would not normally have induced network congestion. To address these challenges, organizations may add bandwidth or implement a number of optimization techniques, such as traffic prioritization, deduplication, compression, and local caching. Network Congestion Happens Before the WAN. WAN Two of the most common serial line Layer 2 encapsulations are HDLC and PPP. Therefore, it has less congestion. Typically, you will find that the LAN network is cheaper to both set up and maintain. WAN Congestion - How to Fix. While there is less fault tolerance in WAN. CASE STUDIES ; DE; CONF TEMPLATES; Friendly Blogs. Country/Continent. Network bottlenecks, which are the main reasons of congestion in a network, must be eliminated. Use network traffic generator to perform WAN killer stress tests and discover 60 other network management tools in SolarWinds Engineer’s Toolset. hdlc is the default encaps method applied on the interface. WAN optimization can address this with quality-of-service (QoS) to ensure essential applications are not adversely impacted by non-critical applications, and real-time traffic is prioritized for optimal performance. But how exactly do vendors like Riverbed Technology, Juniper Networks, Blue Coat Systems and Expand Networks get their devices to work their magic? â The WAN edge interface can be the first point at which traffic must face congestion. Faulty devices definitely need to be replaced. By moving the ISP link to another interface (we used a GigabitEthernet interface instead), the performance problem was solved. In Figure 7-1, for example, the LAN interface might be 100MB, but the WAN facing interface could very well be a T1 (1.5Mb/s). There are some similarities and dissimilarities between them. the compromised device is a critical server), other temporary measures such as, Copyright PCWDLD.com © 2020. You guessed right – Network congestion. They automatically categorize services by factors like bandwidth needed and packet-sequence sensitivity, giving real-time traffic higher priority than static content; this is important, since the same lost packets that might cause a webpage to load slowly could make a video â¦ 6. By cleaning up this server, the congested network was once again “free” for normal user traffic. lower costs of bandwidth and infrastructure. Describe the remedies used to solve these problems. To design and monitor networks intelligently, we should understand what causes congestion. Distance Coverage for LAN, WAN, and MAN. Network monitoring helps you resolve network congestion quickly, so you get back to work. When a datacenter switch experiences congestion, it sends a direct feedback signal to the senders of both datacenter and WAN flows. The point is that congestion results in restricted flow of traffic. While there is less fault tolerance in WAN. If all the transactions are grouped according to certain policy such as priority, these transactions can be handled well. Now imagine that most of the staff of this organization work from home. Network & Internet SLOW? 4: Delay: Network Propagation Delay is short in LAN. ë§ì´ë¼ë ê²ì¸ë°, ì´ ëë¬¸ì Congestionì´ ë°ìí íë¥ ì´ ì¡´ì¬í©ëë¤. LAN covers small area i.e. there has to be same encap method on both routers or they wont work. A LAN is a computer network limited to a small geographical area such as home,office and school while W AN is a network across a large geographical area such as a city, country or the whole world. A wide area network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a large geographic area such as a city, country, or spans even intercontinental distances. WAN optimization controllers (WOCs) can breathe new life into slow wide area network links, relieving congestion, speeding up file transfers and making applications more responsive. A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network with a size between a LAN and a WAN. Summary. Use Deep Packet Analysis for Monitoring Client/Server Connections. Similarly, network congestion occurs when the amount of data sent through a network link exceeds the total bandwidth of that part of the network. Take for example a broadcast storm, where a large volume of broadcast and/or multicast traffic is seen on the network within a short time, resulting in severe performance degradation. AIOps from Broadcom simplifies the triage of complex network congestion across today's modern architectures like 5G, IoT and SD-WAN. This can help reveal bottlenecks on the network and also identify any faulty devices/interfaces. joshuaje1, 2/13/2020 4:08 PM. WAN network system could be a connection of a LAN which connects with other LAN's using telephone lines and radio waves. Describe The Remedies That You Would Use To Fix These Problems. LAN covers the smallest area; MAN covers an â¦ A LAN network will also typically experience less congestion whereas a WAN will tend to suffer from more. Different WAN optimization methods address issues such as network latency, congestion, duplicate data transfers, and protocol chattiness, which may be of particular concern for organizations with networks across disparate geographies or legacy applications built for use over local-area networks (LANs). If you’d like to learn more about how this solution can benefit your business, reach out to us today to get started. (But today LANs as well contain several subnets where they will have routers and … â¢ Features specific to access technologies In our changing digital landscape, cybersecurity has become paramount importance of 2019. At the other end of the spectrum is the wide-area network (WAN): An amalgamation of multiple local-area networks (LANs) creating an entity that is only as strong as its weakest link. network infrastructure (e.g., deploying proxies), requiring only minimal changes to the software stack of traffic sources. And with a larger number of devices increasing in a WAN, the number of transactions also increases exponentially. Congestion, in the context of networks, refers to a network state where a node or link carries so much data that it may deteriorate network service quality, resulting in queuing delay, frame or data packet loss and the blocking of new connections. From a technical perspective, the effects of a congested network include: Feeling the effects of network congestion is one thing but actually confirming that a network is congested is another. A consequence of congestion is that an incremental increase in offered load leads either only to a small increase or even a decrease in network throughput. WAN est l'abréviation de wide area network (réseau étendu) qui connecte plusieurs réseaux sur de grandes zones géographiques. Make Sure To Clearly Differentiate Between A WAN And A LAN When It Comes To Fixing Congestion Problems. Just like a traffic jam caused by a narrowing of a busy four-lane highway to just two lanes, a bottleneck, which is a networkâs segment unable to handle the amount of traffic coming from its connecting segments, causes intolerable amounts of congestion on a network. 7. ppp uses link control protocol LCP to establsh , maintain ,test and terminate th e point to point link. The Network allows computers to connect and communicate with different computers via any medium. While there is more congestion in WAN(Wide Area Network). Diagnose your Bandwidth Usage Today! Home; My Blogs. Before you begin any type of systematic load testing across a WAN environment make, sure that you understand the nature of your network. In this section, we will discuss five (5) common causes of network congestion including: 1. One of the major differences is the geographical area they cover, i.e. Think about a 4-lane highway merging into a 2-lane road. You can read this article for more information about performing a network performance assessment.


Wurtec S3 Command Center
The Wurtec S3 Command Center is a telecommunications device capable of placing and connecting calls between emergency elevator telephones and services on a PSTN. The S3 Command Center along with Wurtec S3 Communicator Phones are designed to fulfill the communications safety requirements for elevators as described in the AMSE A17.1 elevator safety code.
The S3 Command Center is intended to be installed and operated in a temperature-controlled, low-humidity, low-ambient audible noise enviornment that is protected from dirt and airborne particles.
To order, contact us directly at firstname.lastname@example.org or 1.800.837.1066.
- Complies with ASME A17.1-2016/CSA B44-16
- S3 Communicator Compatible
- LCD-based GUI (at-a-glance status display with virtual buttons
- Add internal/external lines one at a time
- Support for up to 8 simultaneous conversations per unit
- Each internal channel (FXS) supports up to (8) S3 Communicators for up to 128 S3 Communicators per Command Center
- Support for paging and conference calls
- Command Centers can be daisy-chained for larger systems
- USB support includes updates, programming, and data
- Ethernet support for real-time monitoring of the system as well as updates, programming, and data
- Rechargeable 4-hour battery backup with clock/calendar functions
- Continuous line monitoring of both internal and external lines
- 5 external relays available for alarms/strobes
- 24V DC power
- Speakerphone and handset are standard
- Red powder-coat finish


PSTEP A01 (Space Weather Forecast System) group members at National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Electronic Navigation Research Institute (ENRI), and Chiba University have developed and started the service of shortwave propagation simulator (HF-START). It provides real-time shortwave propagation that reflects real space weather information from ground-based observations and model calculations. The HF-START web system has been successfully developed and is now available at https://hfstart.nict.go.jp/. The web calculation function of this system allows shortwave propagation between any two points in Japan based on real-time GNSS observations and between any two points on the Earth based on model-based space weather information. Real-time estimation is possible. The calculation in the past and up to about 1 day ahead in the future is also possible. In addition to amateur radio, HF-START is expected to benefit efficient frequency operation of aviation communications that relies on shortwave in the polar route.


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Elevator automatic rescue device is also known as ARD. Basically, it’s a safety system built into elevators that ensures the passengers’ security during power outages and elevator malfunctions. When passengers get stuck inside an elevator, the ARD system moves the elevator to the nearest floor and opens the door. Shortly, this device transformed the elevator system to ensure a more secure urban landscape.
How Does Elevator ARD Work?
The ARD system follows a simple mechanism to work. All of its working parts with their roles are explained below so you can understand this system properly.
Emergency Power Supply: The main part of the ARD elevator is its power supply system. In case of a power outage, it starts working to ensure the passengers’ security.
Intelligent Monitoring: The second most important part is the intelligent monitoring system. It automatically accesses the power status and the overall condition of the elevator. If there is a power outage or any other problem, it quickly starts the process of bringing the lift to the closest floor and opening its doors.
Automatic Floor-Leveling: When the power goes out, ARD levels the cabin of the lift with the floor closest to it. It makes it easier for people to get out of an elevator without having to deal with gaps and uneven spaces.
Communication Systems: Since communication is key, the ARD system has an efficient communication system. Its intercoms and emergency buttons allow passengers to communicate with emergency services quickly. This process makes sure that help is easy to find and that passengers are kept up to date while rescue activities are going on.
Integration with Building Management Systems: An elevator automatic rescue system integrates with building management systems. This system coordinates with other safety systems, such as fire alarms and emergency lighting.
Benefits of Elevator ARD
Elevator automatic rescue comes with the following benefits:
- Emergency Evacuation Capability
During power outages and emergencies, ARD transports passengers to the nearest floor. This feature ensures the passengers’ safety, making them stress-free about unpredictable situations.
- Reduced Downtime
The best feature of ARD is minimizing the downtime. In traditional elevator systems, power disruption can cause prolonged periods of inactivity. ARD system enables an elevator to resume operation quickly.
- Enhanced System Diagnostics
An elevator automatic rescue device features advanced diagnostics capabilities. It monitors the elevator performance in real-time and identifies potential issues before they arise. This procedure reduces the likelihood of unexpected breakdowns and ensures efficient maintenance practices.
- Compliance with Safety Standards
Elevator ARD is designed according to the latest safety standards and regulations. This technology enhances passengers’ safety and ensures a building complies with the latest safety codes and standards.
An elevator automatic rescue device system also proves budget-friendly. By minimizing downtime, it reduces the risk of equipment damage and streamlines maintenance efforts. As a result, ARD helps business owners and operators save on operation costs over the long term.
- User-Friendly Interface
For easy monitoring and control, elevator ARD features a user-friendly interface. This intuitive system helps operators quickly take the necessary actions, contributing to the overall efficiency of the vertical transportation system..
What Is the Difference Between ARD and UPS?
An ARD and UPS play a crucial role in emergencies but serve different purposes. These systems are different from each other in the following ways:
Elevator Automatic Rescue Device (ARD)
An elevator ARD system is used for elevators. In case of power failure, it safely lands up the passengers to the nearest floor and opens its doors. This system operates using a backup like batteries.
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
A UPS, in contrast, is a broader power backup system. It provides emergency power to a variety of electronic devices. Unlike the ARD, a UPS can be connected to medical equipment, data centers and other critical devices. The main function of a UPS is to provide a short-term power supply for a safe shutdown of connected equipment.
- Specific Application vs. General Application: An elevator automatic rescue device (ARD) just works for elevators. In contrast, a UPS system provides power backup to multiple electronic devices.
- Functionality: While both systems provide power backup when the primary source is unavailable, they have different operating mechanisms in terms of functionality. An ARD safely halts an elevator on the nearest floor. However, a UPS system guarantees the safe operation of the connected devices for a short period.
Dazen Elevator — Your Reliable Choice for ARD System
If you’re impressed with the functionality and features of the elevator rescue device and want to install it, Dazen Elevator will be a great choice for you. It’s fully compatible with KONE, Schindler, Hitachi, Otis, LG, Hyundai, Mitsubishi, Thyssen Krupp, Fujitsu, etc. It provides the following exceptional features to its customers:
Affordable Prices: Dazen Elevator provides exceptional ARD system installation at economical prices. So, you can set up an elevator automatic rescue device without facing budget issues.
Experienced Experts: A team of professionals lodges an elevator automatic rescue device so it efficiently operates and you don’t face an issue in the future.
From emergency handling, operational efficiency, and compliance with safety standards, an elevator automatic rescue device improved elevator safety technology. In distinguishing ARD from UPS, it’s clear that both systems provide emergency power. However, ARD ensures passengers’ safety in case of outages. On the contrary, UPS is used for a wide range of electronic devices for short-term power supply. For those who want to install an ARD system, Dazen Elevator will be a great choice for them. With the latest technology and expert installation, it ensures that elevators are equipped with a top-tier safety and rescue system.


You can reach practically any corner of the globe via amateur radio. That’s the message K2BSA wanted to show Scouts at the World Scout Jamboree. Those in the amateur radio association launched four mylar balloons from the Summit Bechtel Reserve in West Virginia, in hopes that one would catch the jet stream and end up on the other side of the world.
Each balloon, about 3 feet in diameter, was equipped with a global positioning system and an amateur radio transmitter. This combination of devices could relay information about weather conditions, the balloons’ movement and location. Solar panels power the transmitter, sending signals during daylight hours. Filled with high-grade helium, each balloon could reach a height between 28,000 to 32,000 feet — that’s nearly as high as most commercial planes fly.
Watch the launch of the first balloon here:
The first balloon, launched July 21, was only in the air for several hours before it was last tracked northeast of The Summit, still in West Virginia.
The second balloon, however, which went up July 24, sent its last message two days later — from Spain. Specifically, the balloon reported back from the north-central part of the country, near the village of Bordecorex.
The third balloon was launched July 27. The next day, signals were sent back from New Jersey; the next day, it appeared to be floating by Newfoundland.
“We’ll continue to monitor this payload as it progresses,” says Bill Stearns, K2BSA vice president.
The final balloon went up July 29 and is tracking the opposite direction, last tracked over eastern Kentucky.
Radio into space
The amateur radio association also arranged communication with the International Space Station on July 27. Scouts were able to ask astronaut and assistant Scoutmaster Andrew Morgan some questions about space and his 8-month mission in space.
Watch the communication during the first 10 minutes of the video below. The rest of the video shows some of the cool tents set up around the World Point Stage, where the transmission happened.
For more than 60 years, amateur radio has been a fun part of the World Scout Jamboree. The Jamboree-on-the-Air was launched during the 1957 World Scout Jamboree in the United Kingdom.
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There is a lot to know about mobile Virtual Private Network (MVPN). For those who have no idea precisely what is this, i then am sure you may ask. In other words, a cellular virtual privately owned network is simply a VPN that is capable of sustaining through changing within physical interconnection, geographical location, and IP address. It has a number of positive aspects over by using a dedicated network or the even more conventional local area network. Basically for starters, non-public means protect; you can make a secure VPN connection out of anywhere in the world as long as there is a Wi fi or mobile broadband connection obtainable.
You can also use mobile VPN services with this your smartphone or tablet. It is extremely simple to set up a connection by following simple instructions presented in the android os SDK, and you may also remotely control your network. Some of the well-liked apps apply this technology are Facebook, LinkedIn, Myspace, YouTube, Wikipedia, and Foursquare. These programs allow you to surf the net when still experiencing your mobile phone vpn system.
If you have a smartphone or perhaps tablet and also wish to enjoy unlimited searching the net and also have complete liberty of ability to move, then cellular vpns is must. You will discover free click resources VPNs out there but they own certain limitations. Free VPNs does not assure secure connections or maintain speed. You will need a premium app to enjoy mobile phone vpn solutions. There are many cost-free VPNs available nevertheless paid kinds provide better features and guarantee safeguarded connections along with faster speeds.


Kaya, Hakan | Saraç, Zehra | Özer, Mahmut | Taşkın, Halit
Proceedings | 2010 | Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering7746
In this paper, the processing of interference fringes is achieved by Hartley transform method. The experimental and simulated interference fringe patterns are used for the signal analysis. Phase results are presented. These are compared with phase obtained by Fourier transform method. Disadvantages and advantages of Hartley transform method used for the evaluation of interference fringe patterns are given. © 2010 SPIE.


This is a small breadboard (78*36 mm) salvaged from an old TV set (cathodic rays!) that I found in a street.
It features three RCA female sockets (the standard white, red, yellow) plus a 3.5 mm jack female socket (black).
For the internal connections of the RCA signals, it has two separated sockets with 3 and 2 pins (for white+red, and yellow jacks, resp.; pin spacing is 2.5 mm). There are no further connectors for the part of the circuit rlated to the 3.5 mm jack, although the components are there.
On the board one can read:
The circuit, modeled in QUCS, is here.
(The voltage sources are not part of the board, of course).
A snapshot of the schematics:
On RCA connectors see here.
With regard to the 3.5 mm 9 pin female connector, I have not looked for the model or checked in detail the connections, but I found of interest the information here. The socket is likely case C of the following image (source):
For the RCA, I think they are input:
- Protection: why would otherwise place Zener diodes here rather than on the previous stage?
- Filtering: as an input circuit the yellow RCA side (composite video) is an LC low-pass filter; the red and white RCA jacks (audio channels) are RC low-pass filters.
For the 3.5 mm jack, my assumption is that it is audio output (no technical argument: it's just the usual situation).
For composite video see here and here.
(Why is this "composite video" and not "component video"? Not totally sure, but one: the colors of the connectors; two: the symmetry of circuits for red and white).
The resonance frequency of the LC circuit is 15.9 MHz.
The simulation of this part of the model is here.
As the sub-circuit has no resistor a short occurs at the resonance frequency - which is identified in the model results with a peak of more than 100 V at approx. 16 MHz.
(In reality there are resistances all around, f.eg I have measured about 0.6 ohm at the inductor.)
The introduction of the resistor and the Zener diode in the simulation has the result of reducing the voltage peak (from 160 to 16 V) and lowering the resonance frequency (from 16 to 7 MHz). Beyond that, the total capacitive impedance grows quickly and signals are filtered out.
Audio (white & red RCA jacks)
These sub-circuits are RC, acting as a low-pass filter, and that's shown in the output of the simulation:
However, the RC simple circuit whose behavior I have calculated with a spreadsheet has a much flatter pass branch:
What happens here ... ?
Tachán! Simulate with logarithmic steps and you get:
There a resistor voltage divider at the audio signal income: for what if both sides are directly grounded at their other ends?
No answer for this yet...
Why has the designer selected a cut-off frequency in the range of 1 MHz for the audio, and 7 MHz for the video?
According to this source, a TV signal requires 4 MHz of bandwidth, which at the end are transformed into 6 MHz. The audio is added centered at 5.75 MHz with a bandwidth of 0.5 MHz.
If this is so, the frequency carrier has been removed prior to this stage, and only the signal is left: 6 MHz for the video and 0.5 MHz for the audio.
And why using an RC circuit for one and LC for the other?
No answer for this yet...


Have you ever wondered why a particular area has a unique set of numbers attached to it? Have you ever wondered why you have to dial a certain code before making a call? Well area codes are the answers to all these questions.
They are the three-digit numbers that help identify the geographic location of a particular area. By understanding the what, why, and how of area codes, you can gain a better perspective on the geographic region in which you are located.
Area codes help determine the location of emergency services and provide a clear indicator of the area from which a call is made or received. They also enable efficient routing of phone calls around the world.
With the help of area codes, you can quickly identify the area you are calling or receiving a call from. Understanding area codes can help you better understand your geographic location.
What are area codes?
Area codes are the three-digit numbers used to identify the geographic location of a particular region. These numbers are also known as the NXX code. The NXX code is used to represent “exchange”
An exchange is a general term that refers to the telephone number assigned to two or more users. The first two digits of the NXX code represent the region or area code. The last number of the code is the “head office code” or “local exchange”
Each area code is designed to serve a specific set of users. You can identify the geographic location of an area code by looking at the first two digits of the NXX code. There are around 1,000 area codes present in the United States. Different area codes are tied to different geographic locations.
Benefits of using area codes
• Call routing can be made more efficient with your assistance.
• This helps determine where a call is coming from or is being made.
• Using area codes, the caller or recipient can determine where they are on the map.
• Emergency services can provide precise location information to callers using area codes.
• It is possible to route phone calls around the world more efficiently using area codes.
• Regions can be identified by their area codes.
Where is the 479 area code?
The area code 479 belongs to the state of Arkansas in the United States. The main city covered by the 479 area code is Fort Smith, and it encompasses several major cities, including Fayetteville, Fort Smith, Greenwood, Rogers, Bella Vista, etc.
What are the differences between local and free area codes?
Local area codes are used to make calls within the same area or state. On the other hand, free area codes are used for long distance calls. Local calls are free as long as the person making the call is in the same state or within the local calling area.
Free calls are free even if the call is long distance. Local calls have a nominal charge. Toll-free numbers have the prefix 800, 855 or 877. Local calls are charged a nominal fee for a single call. Long distance calls are charged based on the distance between the location of the call and the location of the person being called.
Area codes are a necessity in any phone system. They are basically a way of organizing the country by dividing it into small, manageable parts. They allow people to easily identify which phone number is being dialed.
Unfortunately, area codes are becoming scarcer. This has caused problems for both businesses and consumers. Area code depletion will only get worse as the Baby Boomer generation begins to retire and pass away. To solve this problem, the government needs to create more area codes.


In the event you're on the lookout for a Bluetooth headset that completely gives wi-fi mobility and sound high quality, the Sony DRBT101 / WQ Stereo Bluetooth Headset is value trying out. That’s, if you don’t thoughts if you happen to put on an excessive amount of.
Bluetooth Headphones have quite a lot of headband sorts (additionally known as headphones). You possibly can simply acknowledge them as a result of the headset is linked to a scarf that goes by your head. That is the headset place. The earphones cowl your ear in order that they hold the sound. The Sony DRBT101 / WQ Stereo Bluetooth Headset with such headphones, and so forth.
Wi-fi mobility and comfort the place the Sony DRBT101 / WQ actually stands out from different Bluetooth headphones. Utilizing Bluetooth multipoint capabilities, the unit might be linked to or paired with a number of Bluetooth gadgets at a time. So that you don’t have to desert the video participant when a name comes from a cellular phone. As well as, the system affords many assist and compatibility choices for a lot of Bluetooth gadgets, corresponding to cellphones, iPod Contact, iMac, and MacBook Professional. Skype works completely.
Many individuals desire headset Bluetooth headset techie, however once they see Sony DRBT101 / WQ options, they typically don’t purchase extra. Though stereo sound high quality is commonly described as not having an audiophile rear ear, this system gives good sound high quality with good bass. Typically this may be sufficient for on a regular basis use.
This mannequin is designed to be used with a scarf headset, so it’s not essentially your best option to carry out extreme bodily actions. For instance, you possibly can attempt to use it within the gymnasium or across the metropolis whereas jogging, however you possibly can anticipate a second to glimpse your head. Headband units aren’t designed for this kind of use. And the Sony DRBT101 / WQ doesn’t attempt to fulfill you on this space.
One other vital function is that this mannequin is well worth the value of battery life. Most Bluetooth headphones present only some hours of speak or playback time. Nonetheless, the Sony DRBT101 / WQ battery pack affords a median of as much as two days. This merely means much less battery energy than the battery.
In sum, the Sony DRBT101 / WQ stereo Bluetooth headset is a wonderful selection when on the lookout for a Bluetooth headset that mixes consolation, first rate sound high quality and affordable value.
Supply by Jim Michael Cooper


Messenger services – an overview
Over the past decade, messenger services have rapidly grown in popularity and user base. When comparing social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and Messenger, WhatsApp is the world‘s third-largest platform and the most widely used messenger service after Facebook and YouTube. It is closely followed by Facebook Messenger and WeChat, which is predominantly used in China but is growing in popularity elsewhere.
Private messages can be sent on many other social networks like Instagram. Facebook, which owns WhatsApp and Instagram, encourages the push toward private communication on all its platforms. In doing so the company is following calls for more privacy – an issue it has frequently been criticised for – but is committing a grave error by confusing private with privacy. Perhaps more nefariously, the move to private communication allows Facebook to absolve itself of responsibility for disinformation and hate speech on its platform due to encryption of private messages. Encrypted messages cannot be viewed by Facebook, meaning it can claim to be powerless to take action. According to the latest figures published in 2018, the messenger service Telegram has 200 million users worldwide16. The Swiss messenger service Threema has five million as of 201817. Discord, which is a messenger service popular amongst gamers, has 250 million user accounts worldwide18. Messages sent via WhatsApp, Threema, Signal and Wire are end-to-end encrypted by default. Telegram and Facebook Messenger offer encryption which has to be enabled by enabling a ‚secret chat‘ function. Discord, WeChat and the direct message feature of Instagram do not have end-to-end encryption, meaning content can easily be viewed by the platforms and third parties.


CUPERTINO, Calif. - Apple is moving into the mobile payment arena with its development of a microchip that facilitates payments between an iPhone and a retailer€™s reader, Newsweek reports.
The near-field communication (NFC) technology allows data to be sent across distances of around 4 inches, such as from a smartphone to a reader. Richard Doherty, research director at Envisioneering Group, thinks Apple will place NFC chips into the next generation of iPhones and iPads.
Doherty sees Apple€™s move as what something that could transform mobile commerce. Sources tell Doherty€™s firm that the tech company is working on its own version of a mobile-payment system.
Other companies have been investigating NFC chip technology. For instance, Nokia and Sprint have shipped phones with technology for mobile wallets, and Starbucks recently announced it could accept mobile payments from Blackberry and Apple iOS users.
For Apple, what€™s at stake is the fees it pays to credit card companies and PayPal to process payments at its iTunes Store, where users buy apps, books, movies and music. "When NFC meshes with iTunes, the world suddenly changes," said Doherty.


Motorola Droid X Android Phone Launched
Motorola Droid X
Motorola has launched its Droid X Android phone that will come on Verizon network. This was announced officially in a ceremony in the presence of senior officials of Motorola, Google, Verizon and Adobe.
This is expected to hurt Apple as it didn’t allow Adobe Flash on its iPhones in the past.
Motorola Droid X is often compared with the HTC Evo 4G. However, The Droid X is larger in size and is powered by a 1 GHz TI OMAP processor. The phone will run Android 2.1 OS and carry many features like 8MP camera, DLNA technology, 8GB of on board memory, expandable memory of 32GB using microSD card, HD video recording, dual LED flash and new Swype text input method.
Apart from that, the Droid X is also laden with many regular features like Google search by voice, Google Maps with Street View, Google Latitude, a YouTube widget, Gmail and Google Calendar. The Android device is expected to get Android 2.2 OS in the form of an OTA update in a few days.
However, this smartphone is meant for the US users only and can be bought for $199 after a $100 rebate after July 15. There are certain offers too from Verizon that can entice a customer.


I'm an amateur radio operator as well as a kite flier
What is your opinion of this product?
I'm an amateur radio operator as well as a kite flier, and I like to carry a tiny portable radio along on backpacking trips. This little string winder is perfect for antenna wire or string. The string doesn't get tangled, it's unwound easily, and it winds back up quickly with this winder. Using this winder sure beats what I've seen others doing: winding antenna wire on a water bottle. The winder itself is strong and light, has smooth edges, and isn't too expensive. I ordered several for my friends.


Turn On WiFi Calling
Around the eastern Dutchess/Putnam area, it’s not uncommon to be in places where our mobile phones don’t work well. The lovely hills and dales of our region are not friendly to the propagation of cell signals. It can be frustrating to not be able to depend on your cell phone, in whatever signal-blocked location you find yourself, whether it be at home, walking around the village, or elsewhere. That’s where WiFi calling can come to the rescue.
When the cellular phone network isn’t connecting, a feature built-in to current smartphones called “WiFi calling” will use an available WiFi network to place your call (or send your texts) over the Internet. Not only is WiFi calling handy, it’s also automatic (once you turn it on, in your phone), and it is, essentially, free!
What? Free You Say?
WiFi calling doesn't cost anything extra. The major carriers treat your WiFi calls as though you were making a regular cellular call from the U.S. Your call “minutes” will count if you have that type of plan, but if your plan allows unlimited calls, then it’s no charge. Data charges drop off entirely on a WiFi link, because the phone company is entirely out of that connection!
By the way, this can make WiFi calling great for calls to home while traveling internationally, because there’s typically no roaming or international charge for making WiFi calls back home to the U.S. (You may still get international charges though, even when calling the country you’re in. Check your plan.)
How to Make a WiFi Call
This part is easy, but you do need to turn on the feature in your phone. WiFi calling is, generally, not enabled on smartphones out of the box. But turning it on is easy. (Note: Generally, you’ll only find WiFi calling on smartphones (iPhone and Android) that are newer than 2015 or so.) To turn yours on, go to your phone’s “Settings” menu and search for “WiFi calling.” On iPhones, go to Settings > Cellular > Wi-Fi Calling and then toggle on “Wi-Fi Calling on This Phone.” On Android, you’ll typically find WiFi calling under Settings > Networks & Internet > Mobile network > Advanced > Wi-Fi Calling. Or, you can search the Settings menu for “WiFi calling.” Once you find it, toggle on WiFi calling.
For both Apple and Android, once you turn WiFi calling on you will be asked to provide your address for emergency 9-1-1 calls. Enter your home or office address, the one where you’re most likely to be if you ever happen to need to call 9-1-1. (The FCC requires a physical address for the 911 system.) Once you activate WiFi calling, you simply dial or text as usual. All the technical part is handled automatically in the background.
Which Carriers Offer WiFi Calling?
All major cell phone carriers offer WiFi calling on recent vintage iPhones and Android phones. (Some carriers actually depend on it now, like Google “Fi” and Xfinity Mobile.) Of course, if your handset doesn’t support Wi-Fi calling, you may be able to find some workarounds. Apps like FaceTime, Skype, and WeChat allow you to make voice and video calls over WiFi as well as send text messages.
You Do Need WiFi!
Of course, WiFi calling won’t work without WiFi! But there are WiFi hotspots everywhere these days, and access to high-quality, safe hotspots is free to anyone who uses a cable company to access the Internet at home. Your cable company provides you with an account name and password to use (really!) and once you use those to connect to a cable hotspot you are good to go. Your phone will automatically connect to the nearest available hotspot, and reconnect you as you roam about town or village. And I can tell you that it is possible to walk all over Pawling Village without dropping a call, thanks to ubiquitous Xfinity WiFi hotspots!
Does WiFi Calling Work at Home?
Yes! Just make sure that your phone is connected to your home WiFi network, and away you go. Suddenly your cell phone works everywhere!
Mike Pepper, The Computer Guy, has been providing software and hardware support in New York and Connecticut for more than 35 years. He can be reached at (845) 855-5824, or www.PawlingComputerGuy.com.


provides businesses with all the advantages of face-to-face
communication, while improving productivity and reducing the expense of
Video conferencing is far more than a simple replacement for travel.
Using video conferencing can help companies collaborate with
colleagues, customers and suppliers; respond quickly to customer
demand; solve support issues; react to market opportunities; deal
immediately with crises, and respond to competitive threats.
||Whether you need a simple four-site video conference,
a global video event or a worldwide video-endpoint installation, GreenMeeting video
offerings allow you to choose the service that best suits your business
and meeting requirements.
If you are ready to realize all the benefits of video
conferencing—increased business results,
reduced travel costs and lower impact on the earth—contact GreenMeeting today.
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been a better time to video conference. HD video
allows companies to take their video meetings to a whole new level,
effectively complementing your IP video strategy. Compared to the
legacy standard definition, high definition broadcasts at three times
the resolution for a much clearer, life-like picture. From a business
perspective, this resolution translates into qualitative benefits.


A VPN application on top of that gathers in concert a number of other auxiliary purposes related to IKE/IP Sec VPN, such as support just for digital certificates (e. g., XML External Design Vocabulary [XDL] validation), keying material management, the generation of coverage definitions by using XML protocol, support with respect to domain name managing, keying material management, support for producing and managing safeguarded URLs, and support pertaining to the operations of zones, as well as a number of others. Nevertheless , VPN service providers usually do offer total functionality. The truth is that most enterprise-class VPN solutions provide much more services. Therefore most enterprise-grade VPN solutions typically feature at least one added feature: VPN applications or gateways. Let’s take a nearer look at these types of additional features to see how they can end up being useful for enterprises.
For those who are unknown, what is a VPN Application? It’s a credit application which permits a user to securely establish a secure connection to a remote location by encrypting the user’s internet traffic, even if the user can be not because particular area. There are many different methods to use VPNs, such as to get corporate networks which need to create a non-public tunnel for employees to connect to the corporate hardware, or for those who want to locate other mlm applications (such as web-based email). One of the important features of VPN is that it allows for secure VPN data room internet connections between two locations, independent of each other-which is why it could commonly used seeing that an Internet security tool.
The vpn request is a software application, which is embedded in either a computer operating system, or a browser. In other words, any computer with an internet connection is capable of running a vpn client. The vpn app connects to the IP address whereby it will decrypt the internet targeted traffic, before sending it for the destination machine. Most modern pcs come with preinstalled vpn software that allows for straightforward installation on any computer. An example of a typical vpn client is Start VPN, which is often used in more than 50 countries all over the world.


Voice / VOIP Messaging Service
Send bulk prerecorded Voice messages to thousands of recipients instantly. The perfect tool for lead generation, notifications or business continuity.
Calling individuals & leaving voicemails can be very time consuming. By using the Voice module of the Enterprise Platform will save hours of staff downtime. Also Voice Messaging is low cost & quick to setup.
Voice messaging is quick & easy to setup. In addition there are no contracts or setup fees for this service.
To save time for our platform users, bulk Voice broadcast can be setup on the same day in just a matter of minutes.
Furthermore, on average around 60-70% of recipients answer voice messages & users are only charged for the messages that are answered by the recipient. Hence why Voice is the ultimate channel for delivering important messages in bulk, when staff don’t have the time to place individual phone calls.
To make voice messages more personal, the recording can be created on a mobile phone or recording device. Alternatively Voice Messages can be typed into the platform in text format & the message will be received as type talk. Simply import your prerecorded MP3 or type in the message you'd like to send.
On average it costs between 6.5p - 10p per 10 second voice message sent. On average around 60-70% of calls are answered, any unanswered calls are non-chargeable.
Response codes & actions can be setup at the end of the recorded Voice Message. For example "Press 1 to speak to a member of the sales team or press 2 to repeat the message". As a result based on the number pressed will initiate the action.
To ease pressure on staff or sales teams, voice messages can be staggered over time. The purpose for this is to steady the flow of follow up actions or calls diverted back into the office.


Comment to FCC
The fastest way to submit your free-form comment on radio frequency allocations is through the express form in the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Electronic Comment Filing System (ECFS).
For Proceeding(s), use:
- RM-11681, for comments on rulemaking in the 1675-1680 MHz band (GOES-R transmissions)
If you wish to attach a document, use the standard FCC ECFS filing form and select "COMMENT" as the Type of Filing.


Patrick Autocare is constantly improving its information systems to ensure we are at the forefront of technology. New technology is continuously being implemented and improved in anticipation of customers’ needs.
Through a seamless fully integrated computerised environment, Patrick Autocare is able to provide real-time vehicle tracking, to reduce vehicle handling time and offers more efficient and time critical delivery of vehicles across Australia.
The paperless Electronic Proof of Delivery (ePOD) system has been developed in conjunction with leading vehicle manufacturers to provide a fully automated system for tracking, recording and managing the delivery of vehicles for customers. To support the Just-In-Time vehicle delivery process, a highly integrated solution was created to connect, streamline and improve the flow of real time information.
The Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) has been designed and developed by Patrick Autocare to track the transportation and processing of vehicles. The VTS provides visibility of a vehicle from the time the ship arrives at the port to the time of delivery to the dealer.
The VTS tracks all vehicle movements from point of entry, wharf transport, stages of processing, despatch and delivery. Vehicle processing and movements are recorded by radio frequency bar code scanners that provide "real" time updates of a vehicle's status. Special systems have been developed for handling bonded vehicles, fleet processing, vehicle preservation and inventory stocktake. The information system fully integrates both vehicle processing and vehicle transportation.
In compliance with ADR requirements, Patrick Autocare has created a system to develop and print the ADR fuel consumption labels according to customer requirements.
RF scanners are available nationally with the LXE scanning equipment and RF networking providing greater coverage and increased reliability. Using this technology, priority processing systems have been developed to prioritize and determine vehicles’ parking locations, while they are still in the ship’s hull. Based on the priority, vehicles are parked in the processing compounds in build sequence, enabling more efficient processing and transportation, to meet customer requirements. This model is known as the Patrick Autocare Port Dealer Direct (PDD) Solution.
To improve business to business communications, the infrastructure has been developed to perform electronic data interchange with our clients systems. The increased visibility between the customers and Patrick Autocare’s systems not only save communication time but enables seamless business transactions to create greater efficiencies and customer satisfaction.
To provide customers complete visibility of their vehicles, Patrick Autocare has created internet facilities which allow access to different levels of information tailored according to customer needs and authority levels. This enables customers to access real-time and Transparent information in a secure environment
In compliance with ADR requirements, Patrick Autocare has created a system to develop and print ADR compliance labels according to customer requirements.


E-Mail IP Whitelisting
In email systems, IP whitelisting is a technique used to allow incoming messages only from specific IP addresses that have been deemed trustworthy. By using a whitelist, email systems can help ensure that trusted sources are able to send messages, and can improve the security and reliability of the system.
What is an IP whitelist?
An IP whitelist is a list of IP addresses or even whole networks that have been identified as trusted sources. These IP addresses are typically allowed to bypass filters like IP blacklists or other security measures that are in place.
How does an IP whitelist work?
When a server receives an incoming connection from an IP address, it checks the address against its list of known whitelisted IPs. If the address is on the list, the connection is immediately accepted and the server will allow the communication to proceed without or with reduced restrictions like bypassing any used IP blacklists. This allows trusted users and systems to access the network or system without having to go through additional security checks which may stop communication.
How do IP addresses end up on a whitelist?
There are many ways that an IP address can end up on a whitelist. In some cases, an administrator may manually add the address to the list if they trust the source and want to grant it prioritized access. In other cases, an IP address may be automatically added to the list based on certain criteria, such as reputation or being an important communication partner.
What are the benefits of being on an IP whitelist?
As most IP whitelists are placed before IP blacklists, a by mistake added blacklist is not applied due to configuration. If you manage your own IP whitelist you can add important senders, services, IPs or even IP ranges to this whitelists.
You can use whitelists to rise reputation in spam filtering systems like rspamd or Spamassassin.
You can use externally controlled IP blacklists, which may list for you important mail services. These are skipped, as an IP whitelist has a higher priority.
Can an IP address be removed from a whitelist?
In some cases, an IP address can be removed from a whitelist. This typically requires the administrator who added the address to the list to manually remove it, or to update the criteria that were used to automatically add the address to the list.
As adding an IP address to a whitelist in email systems is mostly a point of reputation. Being removed from a whitelist is a big loss in reputation, which should be avoided.
IP or even network whitelisting is an essential part of email service management.
- IP whitelisting is a technique used to allow only specific IP addresses to send email to a particular email system.
- To create a whitelist, an administrator must identify the IP addresses that are trusted and should be allowed to send email to the system.
- The whitelist can then be implemented in the email system’s configuration, and the system will only accept incoming messages from the IP addresses on the whitelist.
- By using a whitelist, an email system can help ensure that only trusted sources are able to send messages, and can improve the security and reliability of the system.
- However, it is important to regularly review and update the whitelist to ensure that it remains accurate and effective.
Overall, IP whitelisting can be an effective way to improve the security and reliability of an email system, but it requires careful management to ensure that it is effective.


Duration: 16 Hours
In today’s networking, copper-based networks are being replaced by super-fast fiber-based networks. Optical communication becomes a solution for growing segments like fiber to home, wireless technology and hyper-scale data centers.
On completion of this course, participants will be able to:
- interpret the system diagram and network architecture of optical communication system.
- measure signal and parameters at various stages of the optical communications system.
- maintain an optical communications system.
This course will cover:
An overview of optical communication system
- Network symbols used
- Optical network devices
- Concept of an active and passive optical network (PON)
- Internetworking devices in a PON setup
- Safety and standard industry practices
- Optical media and applications
- Network losses and link loss budget
- Maintenance and troubleshooting
A Certificate of Proficiency will be awarded to participants upon completing and passing the test.
Level of Proficiency:
Suitable for those who have no knowledge on optical communication system.
Participants are assumed to:
- Be able to listen and speak English at a proficiency level equivalent to the Employability Skills System (ESS) level 4 and above;
- Be able to read and write English at a proficiency level equivalent to ESS level 4 and above; and
- Be able to manipulate numbers at a proficiency level equivalent to ESS level 4 and above.
Schedule and Fees:
|CODES||COURSE TITLE||COURSE DATE@||DURATION||COURSE FEE*|
|CoPOC||CoP in Optical Communication||Upon Request||16 Hrs||$256.80||$342.40|
- “@” For course dates, kindly call ELITC to enquire.
- “*” Course Fees quoted inclusive of 7% GST.
- A non-refundable registration fee of $20.00 (GST inclusive) is payable upon registration.
- All courses are conducted in English unless otherwise stated.
(ELITC reserves the right to cancel any courses due to unforeseen circumstances. In such cases, a full refund of fees will be made.)


Modern cell phone and internet services are widely available and very reliable in most places, most of the time. So you might be wondering why anyone would ever need radios to communicate.
Cell Coverage is Spotty or Nonexistent in Some Areas
Cellular service providers have few incentives to build cell towers in sparsely populated rural areas. Cell coverage in Black Moshannon State Park and the surrounding forest is spotty at best. Our GMRS repeater network allows park users to keep in touch with friends and family located anywhere within the coverage area.
Cell Towers Require Electrical Power
When utility power is unavailable, cell towers switch to battery backup power. Service providers do not publish information on battery capacity, but discussions in online forums give the impression that a typical cell tower has enough battery capacity to operate for four to eight hours. Some towers are also equipped with generators that could probably supply power for several days without refueling. During a blizzard, fuel trucks may have difficulty navigating snow-clogged or icy roads to reach cell towers located at the tops of hills or mountains. The MVRN repeaters are not immune to these issues, but our volunteer members have generators and four-wheel drive vehicles, and our network is our top priority.
Cell Towers Have Limited Capacity
In the hours and days following a major event such as an earthquake or a terrorist attack, the number of phone calls being attempted can exceed the capacity of cell towers, preventing you from getting a connection.
Land Line Phone Service is in Decline
In recent years, as cell phones have become more popular, increasing numbers of people are eliminating their land line phones. Some land line phone service providers may cut back on preventative maintenance such as tree trimming due to limited funds. This leaves phone lines susceptible to weather events such as ice storms.
Bundling of Internet, Phone, and TV Increases Vulnerability
Cable companies and cell service providers frequently offer significant discounts to customers who bundle multiple services such as internet, phone, and TV. If all of your services are provided by a single company, the data probably flows through a single communication channel such as a TV cable, a satellite link, or a cellular link. In that case, none of your services can be used as a backup to the others, because they all depend upon the same infrastructure. If you lose one, you lose them all.
Peace of Mind
FRS and GMRS radios can help you to keep in touch with friends and family when you’re having fun. But even if you have no need for them in good times, imagine what you would do during a lengthy communications blackout. Buying a radio is like buying a fire extinguisher. You hope you never need it, but if you ever do, you’ll be glad that you were prepared.


Freight drivers frozen out of digital radio process
The existing analogue radio system, CountryNet, is due to be decommissioned by the ARTC some time after 2012 and across the network RailCorp and the freight companies are working to convert from an analogue to a digital system.
RailCorp has been cooperative with the RTBU inviting delegates to briefing meetings. However, those in freight have struggled to get information about the changes, with several requests for information and inclusion in the working party ignored by PN.
Delegates including, Steve Wright, finally had the chance to investigate the functionality of the new digital In-cab Communication Equipment (ICE) when an Intermodal manager in Melbourne gave them a briefing in late October.
The verdict from Steve is that if ICE works as it is supposed to it will be an improvement on the existing system. ICE radio is supposed to provide 100% coverage, putting an end to the current dangerous radio black spots. This will not only enhance safety, it will increase productivity for drivers and companies.
There was however one matter of dispute for freight locomotives. The screen has been reduced from 10 x 7 inches to 5 x 7 inches, making it much harder for the driver to read it. No consultation was offered to delegates regarding the ergonomic implications of the size and placement of the screen, and unfortunately, as new locomotives are already being produced with this small screen, it’s an issue that is unlikely to be resolved.
RailCorp will replace all radio systems with the National Train Communication System (NTCS), which will use the Telstra NextG network. All trains will be upgraded in June 2013 with ICE in order to access the NTCS and the Voice Communication System at the Rail Management Centre will also need to be updated.
All RailCorp diesel rolling stock will be fitted with ICE Radio before the CountryNet decommissioning date and the new system will tested before the analogue system is turned off. This will allow RailCorp’s rolling stock, which includes XPT, Endeavour, Xplorer, Hunter Rail Cars, Heritage fleet, 48 Class Locomotives, to operate throughout ARTC controlled areas within the new system.
A report into the implementation process from RailCorp is due in the next month or so. RTBU freight delegates will keep information and feedback about ICE Radio flowing to those members within the Freight Operators who have been excluded from the consultation process.


A portion of the Google Map indicating the existing CLSU Intranet.
University wide High-Speed Information Network is a component of the 5-year project plan which is the eCLSU. It includes the development, deployment, and acquisition of communication infrastructure.
This component installs and deploys communication equipment and systems that interconnect the colleges and units within the main campus and the satellite research and laboratory schools and facilities. This infrastructure must be able to support handling large and simultaneous transfer of data between different users across the campus to achieve convenience and efficiency in university operations.
Installation and deployment of the communication infrastructure for CLSU’s high speed intranet
A high-speed intranet that interconnects the different academic, research, and administrative buildings is necessary for information sharing. This infrastructure will enable the CLSU virtual campus where University constituents and partner individuals, no matter where they are, whether in their colleges, research centers or anywhere in the world, can access to, attend to, or join their academic, administrative and/or research work.
This component will install and deploy fiber optic cables and networking equipment for interconnecting the different buildings in the university campus.


Hyundai wireless charging not working? Check the charger, cable, and alignment for possible issues. In case of any disconnection, proper reconnection can solve the problem. Now let’s dive into why your wireless charging may not be working and how to troubleshoot it.
Hyundai vehicles offer the convenience of wireless charging, allowing you to charge your smartphone without the hassle of tangled cords.
However, if you’re experiencing issues with your wireless charging, it can be frustrating. We will discuss some common reasons why Hyundai wireless charging may not be working and provide troubleshooting steps to help you resolve the issue. So, read on to learn more and get your charging back on track.
Common Problems With Hyundai Wireless Charging
There can be a few common problems with Hyundai wireless charging that users may encounter. One issue is when the device is not charging at all. This can be frustrating, especially if you rely on wireless charging for your phone.
Another problem that may arise is charging inconsistently. Sometimes the device charges properly, while other times it may not charge at all or lose connection intermittently.
In addition to these issues, it is also possible that your phone is not recognized by the wireless charger. This can happen if there is a compatibility issue between your phone and the charger or if there is a problem with the charger itself.
It’s important to check if your phone is on the list of compatible devices for the specific wireless charger you are using.
If you are experiencing any of these problems with your Hyundai wireless charging, there are a few steps you can take to troubleshoot the issue.
Firstly, try cleaning the charging pad and your phone’s charging port to remove any dust or debris that may be affecting the connection. Additionally, you can try restarting both your phone and the charger, as sometimes a simple reboot can resolve the problem.
If the issue persists, it is recommended to reach out to Hyundai customer support or visit a Hyundai service center for further assistance. They will be able to provide you with the necessary guidance to resolve the wireless charging problem.
Troubleshooting Steps To Fix Hyundai Wireless Charging
Before troubleshooting Hyundai wireless charging, make sure your phone is compatible with the system. Confirm if your phone is listed as compatible with Hyundai’s wireless charging technology.
Ensure that your phone is correctly aligned and positioned on the wireless charging pad. Make sure the phone’s charging coils and the pads are in direct contact for efficient charging.
Remove any dirt, dust, or debris that may be obstructing the charging pad. Clean the pad thoroughly using a soft cloth or brush to ensure uninterrupted charging.
Try restarting your phone to resolve any software glitches that might be affecting the wireless charging functionality.
Update the software on both your phone and Hyundai’s car system. Firmware updates can often fix issues related to wireless charging.
If all else fails, try power cycling the car. Turn off the car, disconnect the battery for a few minutes, then reconnect and turn the car back on.
Professional Help For Hyundai Wireless Charging Issues
Experiencing issues with your Hyundai wireless charging? Get professional assistance to resolve the problem and ensure your device is charging seamlessly. Trust the experts to tackle your Hyundai wireless charging not working effectively.
When To Consult A Hyundai Service Center
Learn when it’s appropriate to bring your vehicle to a professional for help.
Schedule An Appointment
Tips on how to schedule an appointment and what to expect during the visit.
Warranty Coverage For Wireless Charging
Find out if your Hyundai warranty covers wireless charging issues.
Preventing Future Hyundai Wireless Charging Problems
The wireless charging system in your Hyundai can be a convenient way to keep your devices powered while on the go. To prevent future Hyundai wireless charging problems, it is important to follow these proper maintenance tips:
|Tips for keeping your Hyundai’s wireless charging system in good working condition|
|Using compatible accessories|
|Guidelines for using compatible charging cables and accessories|
|Regular software updates|
|The importance of keeping your car and phone software up-to-date|
By ensuring that you only use compatible charging cables and accessories, you can minimize the risk of compatibility issues that may cause the wireless charging system to not work correctly.
Additionally, regularly updating both your car’s software and your phone’s software can help to address any bugs or glitches that may impact the wireless charging functionality.
These maintenance tips can help you avoid future Hyundai wireless charging problems and ensure that your wireless charging system is always functioning optimally.
FAQ For Hyundai Wireless Charging Not Working
How Do I Turn On Wireless Charging On My Hyundai?
To activate wireless charging on your Hyundai, simply place your wireless charging compatible device on the charging pad in the designated area of your vehicle. Enjoy the convenience of charging without any cords or cables.
Why Isn’t My Wireless Charger Working In My Car?
Your wireless charger may not work in your car due to compatibility issues or a faulty charger. Check if your phone and charger support the same wireless charging standard.
Ensure proper alignment between your phone and the charger. If the issue persists, try using a different charger or contact customer support for assistance.
Why Is My Wireless Charging Pad Not Working?
A wireless charging pad may not work due to improper alignment, foreign objects on the pad, or incompatible devices. Check the alignment, remove any debris, and ensure that your device is compatible with the pad.
Why Is My Phone Suddenly Not Wireless Charging?
Your phone may not be wirelessly charging due to a few reasons: incompatible phone or charger, misaligned placement, or a faulty charging port.
Check your phone and charger compatibility, ensure proper positioning, and consider getting your phone checked if the issue persists.
Troubleshooting Hyundai wireless charging issues is crucial for a convenient and efficient driving experience.
By following the steps outlined in this post, such as checking for software updates and ensuring proper positioning of the device, you can resolve most problems.
Remember, regular maintenance and staying informed about software updates will help keep your Hyundai’s wireless charging functionality in top shape.
Experience the convenience of a fully charged phone while on the go with Hyundai’s wireless charging technology. Drive hassle-free and stay connected.


In right this moment's fast-paced digital world, network infrastructure plays a vital function in ensuring seamless connectivity and environment friendly data transfer. Power over Ethernet (PoE) switches have emerged as a game-changing technology, providing significant advantages for network setups in various industries. By integrating energy and data transmission over a single Ethernet cable, PoE switches get rid of the need for separate power sources, simplifying installation, and enhancing general network performance. In this article, we delve into the benefits of PoE switches in network infrastructure, highlighting their impact on efficiency, price financial savings, and scalability.
Simplified Set up
One of many major benefits of PoE switches lies in their ability to simplify installation processes. Traditional network setups require separate power lines for each network gadget, leading to a complex web of cables. PoE switches streamline this process by combining data and power delivery right into a single Ethernet cable, reducing clutter and promoting a more organized environment. This comfort is particularly valuable in eventualities like office areas, smart homes, and retail settings, where the efficient use of space and aesthetics are crucial considerations.
Flexibility and Mobility
PoE switches offer unparalleled flexibility, permitting network units to be put in in places where energy retailers may be scarce or inaccessible. This mobility is particularly advantageous in situations the place gadgets have to be moved or relocated frequently. For instance, in a wireless access level deployment, PoE switches enable effortless relocation of access points to optimize Wi-Fi coverage without the need for rewiring power connections. This flexibility can also be useful for surveillance cameras, VoIP phones, and other networked devices that require optimum positioning for enhanced performance.
Implementing PoE switches can lead to substantial cost savings, both in terms of infrastructure and ongoing operational expenses. With traditional setups requiring separate electrical wiring and energy sources, the installation process becomes more labor-intensive and expensive. In contrast, PoE switches drastically reduce set up costs, as they only require Ethernet cables for each data and energy transmission.
Moreover, PoE switches contribute to energy efficiency. They will intelligently manage power consumption by automatically detecting the power requirements of related devices. This function ensures that units only obtain the mandatory energy, eliminating wasteful energy usage and lowering electricity bills over time.
Centralized Power Management
Incorporating PoE switches allows for centralized energy management, simplifying network maintenance and hassleshooting processes. Network administrators can remotely monitor and control power utilization for each related machine by means of the switch's management interface. This characteristic enables easy identification of power-associated issues, akin to extreme energy consumption or gadgets drawing more energy than required, helping to optimize the network's general efficiency.
Enhanced Reliability and Redundancy
PoE switches supply elevated reliability and redundancy for critical network devices. In typical setups, power outages can lead to the lack of connectivity and, consequently, hinder enterprise operations. PoE switches, nevertheless, often come equipped with options like Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) help, which ensures continuous power delivery throughout power failures. This safeguard allows essential gadgets, akin to security cameras and access factors, to stay operational even in difficult conditions.
Scalability and Future-Proofing
As companies grow and technology evolves, network infrastructures should adapt to changing requirements. PoE switches provide wonderful scalability, as they'll simply accommodate new gadgets and expanding networks without the necessity for significant infrastructure upgrades. This scalability ensures that the network stays agile and future-proof, capable of supporting new technologies and improvements as they emerge.
In conclusion, PoE switches have transformed network infrastructure by offering quite a few benefits that enhance effectivity, cost-effectiveness, and flexibility. Simplified set up, flexibility, and mobility make PoE switches ultimate for varied applications, from smart houses to large enterprises. Moreover, the associated fee savings, centralized power management, and enhanced reliability make them an attractive alternative for companies looking to optimize their network performance.
As technology continues to advance, PoE switches will undoubtedly remain an important part of modern network setups, providing the backbone for reliable and environment friendly connectivity in our ever-linked world.
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Make sure the cable is properly attached. See “For details on the installation procedures:” (P. The fridge is only applied with power supply of single phase alternating current of 220~240V/50Hz.
4 Plug the input cable into a power source, such as a wall outlet. 2 Signal symbol/word definitions The following symbols and signal words are used in this user manual. Internal, with: * A power supply unit located directly inside the racing wheel&39;s base, with a type A connector *A 100-125V power supply cable. 3 Mount the UPS.
• Charge Control: GEL (14. Make sure to include this user manual when passing the speakers on to third parties. • Connect the cable to a suitable supply outlet: 230V 13A. • Find your 1-meter supply cable located in the picture below.
6 V application voltage suppo rted on the JTAG/SWD interface and 5 V tolerant inputs – JTAG cable for connection to a standard JTAG 20-pin pitch 2. NEMA 6-15P to C13 Power Cord - 6ft, 250-220V Cable for Bitmain Antminer APW3++ APW7 Power Supply, Digital Ballast Cord, Industrial Use, U/L Certified and CSA Approved 14AWG 15A 4. Conductors Amount x size 220-240V ~V ~V 2N~V 3~V 3N~ + 3 x 4 mm 3 x 4 mm (Australia only) 4 x 1,5 mm 5 x 1,5 mm 4 x 1,5 mm A B. 5mm2 3 core cable. 350 East Plumeria Drive San Jose, CA 95134 USA NovemberAC1750 WiFi Cable Modem Router Model C6300. 8 out of 5 stars 45 . Connect the power cord to a power source such as a wall socketV AC, 50 Hz).
· NOTE: This product is not an auto voltage Receiver. Proceed to “Setting a Paper Size and Type” (P. 3 Play music and adjust the volume as desired. Use high-quality speaker wire to connect the left speaker to Connect:Amp. *A 220-240V mains power supply cable = compatible only with aV electrical supply.
2 Signal Cable Connection. , 120V 60Hz or 220-240V 50Hz. 1 Connect the audio-in cable to the aux-in port onthe left side of the sound bar. To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not perform any servicing other than that contained in the operating. This signal symbol/word designates a hazard with moderate risk, which may result in death or severe injury. You can play audio using the audio-in cable that came with your sound bar. Never connect this cable to a mains power adapter! Voltage of heating elements 220-240V Recommended Caution!
Ensure that you comply with the following recommendations. Internal, with: * A power supply unit located directly inside the racing wheel&39;s base, with a type A connector. Terminal block d. Please read this guide carefully to setup and learn how to use your product. DVI (same as HDMI but requires an audio connection). – SWIM cable for connection to the application via a pin header or a 2. Connect the AC-power cord one end to your LCD monitor’s AC-input socket, the other end to. • Battery Range: 6-40Ah.
Attach the female end of the supplied power cable into the AC power connector on the back of the monitor, and the male end into a properly- grounded, three-prong AC outlet. For main power, preferably use a HO7RNF-type industrial cable. Connect an HDMI cable (with an adapter, if necessary) into your computer, and connect the other end into the connection cable lor 220-240v user manual desired HDMI IN port on the TV. CAUTION: These servicing instructions are for use by qualified service personnel only.
PA5060E and PA5120E REAR PANEL FRONT PANELV~50/60Hz MODEL NO. 54 mm pitch connector • JTAG/serial wire debugging (SWD) specific features – 1. Connection to the terminal block For the electrical connection, use an H05RR-F cable as specified in the table below. CONNECTION DIAGRAM Caution!
If the power plug socket is loose, do not insert the power plug. 3 Secure the wire between each fan to the cabinet using the peel-and-stick cable anchor with tie. use a mains grade double insulated cable for.
Available on both Google Store (Android) and Apple Store (iPhone), the WatchPower APP (SolarPower for Hybrid inverters) is a powerful software that not only displays data. • Press the centre of the joystick on the TV in or push it up/down until the TV comes on from standby. To switch on the TV from standby mode either: • Press the Standby button, Programme +/- or a numeric button connection cable lor 220-240v user manual on the remote control. Cable(s) for DAQ device(s), as listed in Table 1 The E Series User Manual, the M Series User Manual, the S Series User Manual, or the X Series User Manual BNC cables 28–16 AWG wire Wire strippers Flathead screwdriver Installing the BNC-2120 Caution When this symbol is marked on a product, refer to the Read Me First:.
There is a risk of electric shock or fire. All power connection cables must meet minimum wire gauge. Do not pull the main cable. Connect the wires in accordance with the instructions given in the following table and diagrams: Voltage and mains frequency Electrical cable Wire connection 230-240V 1+N ~ 220-240V 1+N ~ 50/60 Hz: yellow/green. If fluctuation of voltage. Product Overview • Adjustable optical sensor detects red cells. 2 Connect the other end of the audio-in cable to your audio device.
*A 220-240V mains power supply cable = compatible only with a connection cable lor 220-240v user manual 220-240V electrical supply. The ES315C is an electro-mechanical device that automatically separates plasma and red cells from whole blood. 0,75mm² 8mm Light Angle 35cm² 55º SAFETY INSTRUCTION 0. Also, be sure to download the "Preface for Trademark Rights, List of Units Supported, How to Read Manuals and Documentation Conventions" PDF file. 100/120V AC or 220/240V AC voltage area (No user adjustment is required. Be sure to connect the power cord to the wall outlet as the last step.
Only supports 2-channel audio. Page 10: Ac Cables And Circuit Breaker Sizing AC CABLES AND CIRCUIT BREAKER SIZING AC wiring Check the quality of connections and proper tightening of connections. Select the appropriate voltage setting for your country. USER MANUAL KEY FEATURES SMART CHARGER PLUS MAINTENANCE & RECONDITION FUNCTION • Input: 220-240V AC 50/60Hz. Be sure the connectors on both ends of the cable are oriented correctly. Always disconnect the power cord from the wall outlet before disconnecting the One Invisible Connection from. • 1 x USB Charging Cable • 1 x 220-240v User Manual Package Contents Thank you for purchasing the Fintie Bluetooth Keyboard.
UHF 250 WATT POWER AMPLIFIER User Manual. Then, use the remote to navigate to Home, and then select Source. Retain the user manual for further use. type of connection lead For 220-240V earthed one-phase connection, the bridges connect L and N terminals, safety wire to N L PE a Worktop Fixing bracket Screw. 6 Audio line-out port Connect speakers to playback audio coming through USB Type-C or DP audio channels. 220-240V~ 50Hz Max. (Utility Power 220-240V) Auto Selection:AC 100-12V or AC 220-240V.
For external installation, place fan units outside of the enclosure. Installation instructions & user manual Technical support 804544UK V2. 208/220-240V~ 50/60Hz, 7A MAX. 220/240V Single Phase WARNING: The EVSE is a single-phase device.
In the event of any connection the safety wire must be connected to the PE terminal. 220/240V Single Phase (North America) NEUTRAL (NOT USED) 120V 120V L2 L1 240V Figure 1. ø50mm GU10 2Max. Never connect the 220-240V cable to a 100-130V power outlet! Should you have any questions, please contact us by email with your order number so we may assist you. 2 Install the driver and software using the User Software and Manuals DVD-ROM. 5m For indoor use only, where direct contact with water is impossible Protection Class I: the fitting must be earthed Protection Class II: the fitting is doubled insulated and does not require earthing.
7 USB downstream ports (2) Connect your USB device. · Inverter data is sent from the WIFI module to cloud server for processing (internet connection from a router is needed) and parsed data is then relayed to the APP for display. For connection to an internal PDU, utilize the removable cable access panel. Connect the One Connect AC power cord to the One Connect, and then connect the cord to a wall outlet as shown in Step 5 above.
Only three wires are connected, take care that the service transformer secondary connection is known, and the three wires from the. AC power (mains) input. The monitor’s auto-sensing power supply can automatically detect 100-120V AC or 220-240V AC, and 50Hz or 60Hz. Led Display Function Keys Specifications-1- -2. You can use these ports only after you have connected the USB cable (Type-C to Type-C) from. Note You must use the HDMI 1 (ARC+DVI) jack to connect a cable or satellite box using DVI. Single-phase connection The hob is equipped with a pre-connected electricity supply cable, which is designed for single-phase connection.
Product dimensions. Charger 220-240V AC 50/60Hz 100-120V AC 60Hz capacity Length. You must not operate the appliance without the interior lighting lamp cover. extended battery cable for 220-240V RM & LX XR battery cabinets Accessory solutions to tailor the Symmetra to meet your specific needs Product Distribution.
They can only be inserted one way. Connect only to the prescribed AC outlet, i. Do not connect all three phases of a 3-phase feed. the manual, connection cable lor 220-240v user manual unless they are supervised by a responsible person who ensures the proper use of the kit.
InRow RD, 300mm, Air Cooled, 220-240V, 50Hz Close-coupled, air, water, and glycol cooling for closets, server rooms, and data centers Includes: Installation guide, Operations and maintenance manual. Connecting via a USB Cable Connect the USB cable after installing the MF Drivers and the MF Toolbox. Use only the supplied power cord to connect to a power outlet (using a third party power cord will void your warranty).
You can also use the optional iPod Dock (see page 42). NOTE: The audio line-out port does not support headphones. - Zip Econoboil Tel:Email: uk Installation instructions Electrical Exposed electrical connection Connect via a 1. About the Device/PLC Connection Manuals Prior to reading these manuals and setting up your device, be sure to read the "Important: Prior to reading the Device/PLC Connection manual" information. APC Symmetra RM & LX 4 Ft. 000+ free PDF manuals from more than 10. WARNING: Follow the directions exactly. • Output: 12 Volt, Ma.
• Make sure your RCD switch is turned to the “ON” position. User manual Insignia - 24" Class - LED - 720p - HDTV NS. Search and view your manual for free or ask other product owners. Earth Cable Green/Yellow Neutral Cable Blue Live Cable Brown RCD Mains Supply Cable Image of the underneath of the Swimsuit Dryer. Step 4: Connect iPod and Transfer Music Connect iPod to your computer using the included iPod Dock Connector to FireWire Cable. Prior to connecting the grounding cable, ensure that the UPS is NOT connected to utility or battery.
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All of these audio sources can be sent out over ARC to an external sound system instead of using the lower quality TV speakers. Play 3 Press [3, 4] to select Video Audio the menu and press .
You'll also want to have a subwoofer pre-out on your receiver.
But at night when we have fans blowing and white noise playing in our baby's room down the hall, we have to turn the volume up to the max to be able to hear stuff and then quickly turn it back down before some music starts blasting and wakes up the baby. Broadband Network Connections Broadband Network Connections The following services can be used when this unit is connected to the internet via a broadband connection.
No TV seems to be able to pass a 5. One speaker each to the left and right of the seating area. Without one of these, you're stuck with stereo surround.
Keep the screws out of reach of children to prevent swallowing. Surround sound is the best way to get the most out of television and movie content. I don't want to buy a new receiver, this old thing is special to me and sounds great.
Follow the on-screen prompts to make basic settings for the system. And if you don't have a subwoofer preout, you'll need a little extra speaker wire. Gathering Cables for 5.
Many Sony models do as well. Dear customer Thank you for purchasing this product. This is only really an important test if you want to do this exact connection and transfer in your setup. Above, we list some of the steps required for the more common brands.
What the TV does have in reality is a digital audio output jack. Inserting or removing a disc. Bluetooth If your surround sound system and your TV are both Bluetooth compatible, you can use this wireless technology to connect them.
In other words, if you are using the Aux input and no buttons are pressed, the Sound bar will turn off.
This is usually colored purple and included with a whole set of inputs labeled "Pre-Outs". Lo and behold, those red and white jacks on the back of the TV? For the most part, these handle dialogue and the sound of onscreen action.
Yes Sorry, something has gone wrong. This will be in the form of HDMI or optical audio ports. I too have a Samsung 32" LED TV and a Samsung surround sound system and so far i have found that only the two front speakers output sound while watching tv. The receiver will likely have more input and output ports on the back of it than the TV does, but users should check to see which input ports are available.
Additionally, some LED TVs or audio receivers may come with the necessary cables to make the connections. This cable is able to carry high-definition signals and provide the best audio experience.
Some web content may be inappropriate for some viewers. What its not is configuring your settings, connecting other components like amplifiers, record players, CD players, etc.
Make sure that you have everything you need before you start and setting up will be a cinch. Also, the picture isn't anything to write home about. This type of digital cable is able to carry the signals necessary to create a true surround sound experience, with multiple speakers connected to the sound system.
RCA cables are the lowest quality cables available, and should only be used when there are no digital connections available.
The Y-adapter is the optimal method of hooking up your sub, but if you don't have one, just plug the cable from the receiver into either red or white RCA inputs on your subwoofer. Rather than playing the 5.If you were looking at LCD - samsung or sony would be top brands, but Panasonic seems to do 1 thing well: plasmas.
Go for it. Amazon is decent - but try a shopping comparison site like Shopzilla or Buy and learn what the ranges are. An LED TV provides a brilliant display with true-to-life graphics.
That is why many choose an LED TV for a home theater room. In order to get the full theater experience, users may wish to connect the TV to speakers and a sound system. • Power off your Sound Bar, TV and external device before making any connections.
To connect your external device follow the steps below. 1 Connect the Stereo end to. Jul 02, · look carefully through the TV menu for options relating to sound setup. Some manufactures require that you disable the internal speakers.
So to get audio via my surround sound I'm hoping to have two commands "Alexa, Change Input" which changes my av input to correct one. "Alexa, connect Bluetooth" which connects to said device in said input & then I can command audio playback.
Howdoi hook up my phillips digitaldvd surround sound up so i can here whats on cable through the surround sound my tv is a 40 in plasme screen toshiba I have a panasonic plasma and i want to hook up my surround sound, but do i wire directly from surround sound to tv or my cable box?Download