Designed for low to medium data throughput, it should remove the need to install many devices internally once it gains widespread acceptance. With every passing year, we learn new things about what works and what fails. In the bus topology, we can find a terminator at the end of the, cable on both sides. 352 x 576
Of the three most widely used LAN implementations, both Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) and Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 networks implement a ring topology and Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 networks implement a bus topology. Network Requirements for Multi-data Center Requirements for a network link between two data centers: Guaranteed bandwidth of 4.5 Mbps for essential inter-data center communications. However, even if links are redundant, if a core device is faulty, all services will be interrupted. Within this type of relationship, the client requires the information given from the server for it to function correctly; therefore, it must be managed correctly. Bandwidth Requirements for Signals.
There are a number of common topologies that a majority of businesses use to build their network. The differences in network hardware, physical space, and company layout all help determine what kind of topology is best for your enterprise. The bus topology is the simplest and most widely used local area network design. The ratio at which information can be transmitted depends on the bandwidth of the transmission media. These topologies are logical architectures and the way in which devices are physically organized can mix topologies. and in addition to that this topology can handle the traffic compared to others. A ring topology is a LAN architecture in which all devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop, so that each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Static Segment Reserved slots for deterministic data that arrives at a fixed period. 1600x1067 - (99 KB) They don't announce new features as often as other applications, since they have a … [Read More...], How valuable is your data?
Otherwise, you could be facing massive performance issues, frustrating your staff and leaving you scrambling to explain why your network is suddenly slow Topology means the shape of a local-area network (LAN) or other communications system. RING Topology. Radhakrishnan Nagarajan, John E. Bowers, in Semiconductor Lasers I, 1999. 704 x 576
A bus topology is a linear LAN architecture in which transmissions from network stations propagate the length of the medium and are received by all other stations. Advantages of the Star topology over bus and mesh typologies: It is in centralized control we can investigate it by from any system with no hampering others. Topologies are either physical or logical.. Bus Topology is multipoint electrical circuits that can be implemented using coaxial cable, UTP, or STP. When the main cable is damaged in a Bus topology, the whole system goes down, which is the main reason that is the reason why many organizations don't use it. Dynamic Segment The dynamic segment behaves in a fashion similar to CAN and is used for a wider variety of event-based data that d… Transmission rates for data communications seem to follow a corollary of Parkinson's Law—that is, data rates increase to fill the bandwidth available. They have probably been something that philosophers and technology pundits have … [Read More...], You don't have a cable available to transfer the photos from your cell phone to your computer? An expensive, high bandwidth network is able to transfer data much quicker than a low bandwidth one. The bandwidth is effected by the types of network cards and modems used as well as the amount and type of cable used. Because the bandwidth requirements of each device are independent, so the bandwidth requirements of each interface are lower than those of the ring network. Tree topology combines the characteristics of bus topology and star topology. In a bus topology, data is transmitted in one direction only. Furthermore, the server controls the security of the network which can be beneficial as this means that the user does not need to have security meas… It is a passive topology which means only one computer can significantly affect the speed of the network. 352 x 576
720 x 576
In rough numbers, the peak bandwidth is 32 Bytes/cycle and the L3 load latency (for clean data -- i.e., not dirty in another L1/L2) is about 42 cycles, giving a latency-bandwidth product of … The only cons are that it, In Bus Topology, every computer is arranged in a parallel line, and every topology is connected, to the mainline called the bus. network topology on traffic handling capacity is essential to effectively completing this initial step . 720 x 480
The Internet might be more conducive to our needs if more … [Read More...], These are not "drives" at all - the misnomer was gained as they were intended to replace old portable drive technology. 352 x 288
LAN topologies define the manner in which network devices are organized. Bus Topology: In Bus Topology, every computer is arranged in a parallel line, and every topology is connected to the mainline called the bus. There may be many ways that can be used for transmitting data in such a way, that data takes the shortest path for reaching its destination. What term is used to describe a topology in which computers act as both clients and servers? Data transmission is bidirectional, with the attached devices transmitting in both directions. For example, a star-wired bus network – as used by 10BaseT Ethernet – typically consists of a high-bandwidth backbone bus which connects to a collection of slower-bandwidth star segments. One is the client (user), and the other is a server. Additionally, it won't get influenced by other systems on the off chance that one system fails to, Using a star topology, the center point will be situated at the focal point of all associations from. LIN, TTCAN and FlexRay all provide deterministic scheduling with the aid of a master network node. For the personal devices these devices have the option to connect to the network and take advantage of, the high bandwidth as well as the DHCP server by requesting an IP for the device but they wont be able. An internet connection with a larger bandwidth can move a set amount of data (say, a video file) much faster than an internet connection with a lower bandwidth.
Not every activity online takes up the same bandwidth. that the control for all systems will be simple than the others topology. 3.5 Conclusions and outlook. The FlexRay communication cycleis the fundamental element of the media-access scheme within FlexRay. It has the capacity to modify or replicate itself, in which case it will continue spreading. And it is used in the bandwidth guaranteed routing protocol to find the shortest path for a connection with bandwidth requirement. How different devices take advantage of different services in the network: First of all are the devices connected directly to the network (employee Devices) these device would take, advantage of the high bandwith available over CAT-6 cables and DHCP server for providing an IP when. However, a lot of money can go into building the … [Read More...], Dropbox has been a popular P2P sharing platform for many years.
It is so long because of the serial nature of PCIe as well as the topology of … 352 x 240
10Base2 networks are wired together in a bus topology, in which individual stations (computers) are connected directly to one long cable.
A heuristic algorithm with max-min time slots reservation strategy is developed to get the maximum bandwidth of a given path. USB 1. Its bandwidth speed is more than bus topology If theres any Computer or any, Its bandwidth speed is more than bus topology. As USB technology has advanced, new versions of USB have become available from time to time. Ethernet systemsuse a bus topology. You might know the market … [Read More...], Quantum computers have been a subject of discussion for many years. Enterprises can implement a single type of topology or create a hybr… As a result, the quest for devices operating at ever-increasing speeds has been in the forefront of semiconductor laser research for a number of years now and will continue to be so for years to come. In, the mesh topology, the requirements of cable are very high, and it is extremely hard, to implement it. Tree topology. A tree … NTSC resolutions
Well, the good news is that there are a few tech tools … [Read More...], Social media continues to grow in leaps and bounds. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. BUS TOPOLOGY Bus network topology is a network architecture in which a set of clients are connected via a shared communications line, called a bus. The bandwidth is shared between all nodes connected to the bus. Another factor that affects bus bandwidth is read or write latency. However, CAN lacks deterministic scheduling for real-time events because message arbitration can in theory delay message routing indefinitely. MPEG-1
Bus topology is a network type where every device is connected to a single cable that runs from one end of the network to the other. Star topology.
A network comprising a high-bandwidth backbone bus which connects to a collection of slower-bandwidth star segments is another common example of this type of mixed topology. This type of relationship is between two systems. For moderate to high bandwidth requirements, try using Fast Ethernet instead. Despite performing the same basic functions, no two enterprise networks will look the same in terms of their physical design. topology, the LAN should be analyzed to determine the potential for traffic bottlenecks. That’s not a question that organizations or individuals have to ask themselves all that often. What is characteristic of the bandwidth of a bus topology? Filed Under: Networking Tagged With: Network Topologies, Computer viruses can wreck havoc to the operations of the computer. In the bus topology, we can find a terminator at the end of the cable on both sides. Less than 200 ms latency (round-trip time delay). Answer: B. Network Diagnostic Tools Below is the tool that can be used to analyze your bandwidth. A tree topology is a LAN architecture that is identical to the bus topology, except that branches with multiple nodes are possible in this case.
A network comprising a high-bandwidth backbone bus which connects to a collection of slower-bandwidth star segments is another common example of this type of mixed topology. A star topology is a LAN architecture in which the endpoints on a network are connected to a common central hub, or switch, by dedicated links. In a mesh topology, each device is connected directly to everyother device on the network. The new POWERLINK bus controller from B&R enables better bandwidth utilization with a star topology CAN network. Guidelines for Network Topology and Bandwidth .
system that will influence work to run easily, so it's productive. It is employed frequently in the LANs with distributed control. Topology. 352 x 288
With PCIe, a simple 32-bit read might take 2 uS to complete. 352 x 480
You don't feel comfortable sending them through your … [Read More...], Drupal may not be as popular as WordPress, but it is still used in over 1 million websites. A Network Topology is the arrangement of the various elements (links and nodes) of a computer network. … [Read More...], USB Definition:
One thing that is … [Read More...], Copyright © 2021 About | Privacy | Contact Information | Wrtie For Us | Disclaimer | Copyright License | Authors, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), 2021 PC Hardware Releases to Bolster Your Gaming, New Transfer Feature in Dropbox Enable Sharing files with Third Parties, Ransomware Operators Find Data Theft Profitable, Engineers Encounter the Quantum Challenge with Computers Running a Hundred Million Times Faster, Transferring Image Files from Your Cell Phone Without Cables or Email, Why Drupal Accessibility is Vital for Your Website, Top 5 Blog Plugins For WordPress You Need To Integrate For 2020, 6 Tips for Social Media Success in the New year. The client will make a service request to the other system (Server) which will send back information to the client. peer-to-peer. In a star topology, every node in the network is connected to a central computer or a … The bandwidth speed in Bus Topology is 10mb/s which is relatively slower … A computer virus is a type of malware that is intentionally written to gain entry into your computer, without your knowledge or permission. Many nodes can tap into the bus and begin communication with all other nodes on that cable segment. On the other hand, the cabling is very high, which makes the cost very high, and a huge number of ports are. Universal Serial Bus: Intel's standard for attaching peripherals to PCs. Such a structure requires that each device have atleast two network connections. If configured as a write-back cache, it will write back the whole dirty line if it needs to be replaced. Both Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 and FDDI networks implement a ring topology. Offering massive storage and … [Read More...], So For example, a 10BaseT network’s use of a hub effectively transforms a standard bus topology to a star-wired bus topology. 352 x … [Read More...], If you are a PC gamer, then chances are you are looking to upgrade your kit over the coming year. Bus (or Line) Topology. Essentially, it is the topological structure of a network, and may be depicted physically or logically. The first USB standard specifies a master/slave interface with a tiered star topology supporting up to 127 devices with up to 6 tiers (each tiered node is called a hub). This preview shows page 4 - 6 out of 10 pages. There are 5 different types of network Topologies commonly … 10BaseT Ethernet uses a star topology, generally with a computer being located at one end of the segment, and the other end being terminated with a hub. The cache will allocate a line on a write miss. The primary advantage of this type of network is reliability – if one point-to-point segments has a break, it will only affect the nodes on that link; other computer users on the network continue to operate as if that segment were non-existent. To provide redundancy in a star topology, two links are required for each device. The reason why it terminator is kept is to dampen the signal so that it does, The bandwidth speed in Bus Topology is 10mb/s which is relatively slower than the Star. To estimate bandwidth requirements for a business, first access Internet usage. Let us assume that we have a 64 KB cache with a line size of 32 bytes. Next, look at your business growth forecast to ensure the Internet bandwidth will cover the increased usage needs as your company grows.
CAN is scalable and dependable due to its bus topology. Based on this model, the interference-free property in the TDMA WMNs is analyzed. The main topology types are: Bus ... From a networking perspective, you’ll need to ensure your network is prepared to handle the bandwidth requirements before you start using cloud services. What type of device is used to implement a star topology… There are four principal topologies used in LANs: bus topology: All devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone.Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. Four common LAN topologies exist: These topologies are logical architectures and the way in which devices are physically organized can mix topologies. The volume of data that can be transferred across a network at a given time is called its bandwidth. While generally operating at a raw data rate of 10 Mbps, actual throughput is much less. It is well-suited for temporary or small networks not requiring high speeds, resulting in faster networks. to connect to the DC server and find files because these devices have no permission to do so. you’re ready to start a blog, or you need to revamp your website blog to drive more traffic. If there's any Computer or any network device, gets damaged, it won't have a bad impact on the whole network. It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to … The reason why it terminator is kept is to dampen the signal so that it does not move from one end to another. [10/10/15/15/15/20] We compare the write bandwidth requirements of write-through versus write-back caches using a concrete example. There are four main parts to a communication cycle: Figure 1: Communication Cycle 1. This topology is easy to implement and install. Bandwidth is typically expressed in bits per second , like 60 Mbps or 60 Mb/s, to explain a data transfer rate of 60 million bits (megabits) every second.


What’s the ThunderBolt Interface?
We’ve been hearing about the new interface known as ThunderBolt quite recently in all MacBook Pros and the new iMacs. In this post, we’ll try to give you a brief overview of what is that and how it works.
So, What is ThunderBolt?
ThunderBolt is the brand name for the interface previously codenamed as the LightPeek Technology by Intel Corporation. It’s an interface to transfer data upto 10 Gbits per second in a bi-directional way. It also serves as a DisplayPort at the rate of 10 Gbit/s and it might support upto 100 Gbit/s in the years to come. Aimed to replace the USB 3.0 which supports upto 5 Gbit/s, the ThunderBolt was developed by Intel with close collaboration with Apple Inc., thereby the first products to have a Thunderbolt port built-in are the Macs.
Intel first demoed the LightPeek Technology in its Intel Developer Forum in 2009 where it used a prototype of a Mac Pro motherboard to run two 1080p video streams plus LAN and storage devices over a single 30-meter optical cable with modified USB ends. On May 4 2010, Intel demonstrated the connector pins and finally in September 2010, commercial products using the Thunderbolt interface were demonstrated at the IDF 2010.
The Thunderbolt interface connector looks like a DisplayPort which is based on the port developed by Apple. This helps the port to have a much wider support with existing hardware such as monitors, graphics cards and external hard drives. Since the port is very small, it is easier to fit in laptops too. Thunderbolt can be implemented on graphics cards, which have access to DisplayPort data and PCI express connectivity.
But security will be compromised since the thunderbolt is allowed very low-level access to the system as it is implemented as an extension of the PCI Express bus. This issue exists with all high-speed expansion buses, including PC Card, ExpressCard and IEEE 1394 interface (FireWire).
The ThunderBolt supports upto 6 devices at once in a daisy chain connectivity.
The ThunderBolt was first implemented in the Macbook Pros and followed by iMacs and we can expect more thunderbolt devices in the days to come. Here are few others :
- Promise Pegasus R4 and Pegasus R6
- LaCie Little Big Disk
- Sonnet Fusion RAID
- Blackmagic UltraStudio 3D
- Matrox MX02
- Promise SAN Link Fibre Channel adapter
- Sonnet Allegro FireWire 800 adapter
- Sonnet Presto Gigabit Ethernet adapter


Product design at ARG starts with a comprehensive system functional specifications document.
Once the specifications document has been reviewed and approved, the electronics and mechanical portions of the design proceed in parallel with a very tight linkage between the two. At the same time, components selected for the project are carefully evaluated for any supply chain issues .
Prototypes – boards and mechanical components – are manufactured next. You can use your existing manufacturing shops or ARG can source the prototype fabrication for you.
Firmware and software development are the next steps (after receipt of the prototypes) followed by testing.
In some cases, testing reveals the necessity for a few design changes. If so, the process is repeated. If testing is successful, the final step is the documentation needed for manufacturing.


Jamie Williams Aerials Limited offers a wide range of digital services. We have over 15 years of experience in the trade. We are local, friendly and reliable. We provide everything you need to enjoy digital TV and satellite TV.
We specialise in the installation of domestic and commercial digital TV aerial and satellite TV systems, Freeview installation, Sky+ HD installation, Freesat installation, DAB radio systems and Flatscreen television installation.
For all your digital needs and a bespoke installation, call free on
0800 311 8681


Peering Asia is an open peering event in Asia Pacific region, supported by APIX association.
This event aims to encourage and promote peering and interconnection in Asia Pacific region. And it is open to people in not only Asia Pacific but all over the world, who are involved with peering and interconnection in network service providers, internet exchange providers, data centers, and so on. Just like GPF (Global Peering Forum) and EPF (European Peering Forum).
Peering Asia 1.0:
- Nov. 1st to 2nd, 2017 (Wednesday to Thursday)
Westin Miyako Hotel, in Kyoto, Japan
Registration is now open: http://PeeringAsia.com/
- Hosted by
- Equinix Japan


For deafblind individuals, the absence of visual and auditory communication channels prevents meaningful interactions with the people and world around them, leading many to suffer from both mental and social issues. Among the remaining sensory channels (e.g., taste, haptic, and olfactory) of deafblind individuals, haptic stimuli are an effective medium that can be digitally employed to enable interactions with the outside world. EnPower (Enable and Empower individuals with auditory and visual impairments) enables bi-directional communication between deafblind and non-impaired individuals by using sensory substitution techniques to present information via accessible haptic stimuli. This platform consists of a physical interface (in wearable and desktop versions) that is paired with a wireless mobile application. Similar to concepts such as Finger Braille, the assistive devices can deliver textual information via tactile stimuli to the deafblind individual, and vice versa. Additionally, the system can translate speech and visual input into tactile stimuli, providing users with greater access to digital information platforms. Using the two devices, a stimuli perception study, as well as a field trial, was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of our approach (delivering information via tactile sensations on fingertips). Findings not only suggest that participants could understand the information presented via tactile sensations but also reveal several important avenues for future research.
Keywords: Haptic; tactile; sensory substitution; sensory impaired; finger braille.


November 2019. For this use case, Politecnico di Torino, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Tim Italia, 5T S.r.l. and Links Foundation worked together. The aim of the project is to create a navigation system based on GPS information from FCA. Upon this real-time mobility information are produced by 5T, translated in DENM standard messages by Links and pushed in real-time on the Polito Digital Mobility (DM) Platform through a Tim AMQP Broker server, which provides 5G network.
The Torino Digital Mobility Platform, developed by Politecnico di Torino, is an online model which can be used both as a navigation system and as info-mobility service. Connected with a GPS system, provided by FCA for the purpose of this demo, it is capable of showing the position on a map environment.
The use case presented at the 5GAA demo is called Urban Geo-referenced Alert.


“Hello from outer space,” I type into the text box on my Zoleo app. I hover my finger for a split second over the button, then hit send. Green lights flash on the device, and I wait patiently for a return message from my friend Zoë. I am testing the Zoleo Satellite Messenger in preparation for an anticipated sojourn into a backcountry lodge in BC, where I will be working as a sous chef and tail guide this winter, and for a week-long packrafting trip on the Grand Canyon in late January. Having some way of staying in touch with friends and family back home, while also enabling a critical call for help in the event of an emergency during these remote, off-grid experiences are top priorities.
The Zoleo Global Satellite Communicator is a tidy package. It measures 65×90 mm and is 12mm thick, with well labeled and easy-to-understand buttons, intuitive ergonomics, and nothing to really break. The Zoleo’s unverified weight is 150g. Along with other satellite-based messengers like a Garmin inReach or Spot X, Zoleo’s unit allows communication when cellular service is lacking, the ability to share your location, and one-button SOS initiation for help in the event of an emergency.
The Zoleo costs $199 for the device and requires a monthly subscription fee ranging from $20-50 per month. The plans require a $20 activation fee with no service suspensions during the first three months of use, and $4 thereafter if you suspend service, but maintain the account. You can reactivate for free anytime thereafter.
Although this is not a rundown on plans (make sure you read the details) a basic plan for the more expensive Garmin inReach Mini ($350), Garmin inReach Explore + ($450.00), or Spot X ($250) is $11.95 a month for an annual plan. The Garmin plans have a $29.95 activation fee, while the SpotX plan activation fee is $19.95. The basic plans from Garmin and Spot include fewer messages and characters per message compared to the base plan from Zoleo.
Editor’s note: If you are getting serious about one of these devices, we encourage you to read up on plan specifics. You’re not only buying a device, you are buying a plan too. Garmin Plans, Spot plans, Zoleo plans.
The Zoleo may be better suited to a user who wants or needs a larger number of text messages in the field and is ok with using their phone for two-way messaging. That’s the strong suit of the Zoleo, ease of messaging when bluetoothed to a phone. You send, receive, and read your Zoleo messages in their proprietary app. The app features app-to-app messaging and emails. The Zoleo unit, however, does not feature a screen to read incoming or outgoing messages.
With its comparatively lower upfront cost, a Zoleo device comes with some loss of functionality that might not be critical – depending on your needs. True two-way messaging with the Zoleo requires a Bluetooth tethered phone. The inReach series allows two-way messaging using the stand-alone device, albeit via a cumbersome typing experience using the Mini and a more streamlined method on the inReach Explore + and its digital keyboard. The Spot X device includes a small keyboard, making custom text generation easier.
As skiers, I can imagine scenarios where the ability to customize texts might be useful; maybe you are communicating vitals to search and rescue. Again, the Zoleo does not provide two-way messaging without connectivity to a phone. The comment thread in this WildSnow article is a good read regarding the value of two-way comms, even if limited to text when emergencies arise.
So let’s imagine your phone dies, or is lost. What can you do with a Zoleo untethered to a phone? You can still send an SOS message or an “all is ok” message to 2 pre-selected contacts. The “check-in” button, when pressed, sends a message which reads “I’m ok” and sends your GPS location to the two pre-programmed contacts in your device.
A Zoleo Location Share subscription for $6 a month lets you live-share your current location with up to 5 contacts at a user-specified interval. The cost seems a bit pricey, as the Garmin and Spot services include live tracking with a basic plan. Live tracking can be great if you are undertaking a multi-day traverse and want to inform others of your progress or let others see your location if they are joining you.
Downloading the Zoleo app and setting up an account was pretty straightforward and took me about 15 minutes once I charged the device and had the app on my phone. The app syncs with your contacts so you can message anyone in your phone via the device, and you also have a dedicated device number, so anyone with your Zoleo contact can quickly and easily send you messages any time.
During setup you are prompted to select two people as your emergency and check in contacts who will receive messages should you hit either the “SOS” or “All OK” buttons on the device. It’s a good idea to alert those contacts to this fact before you start sending messages from space so they will know what to do in case of an emergency. With The Zoleo app on your phone, messaging is a familiar experience and intuitive, but uses the Zoleo device to send and receive data via satellites rather than a cellular signal.
All this messaging and tracking adds up to lots of battery power, so if you intend to send lots of texts from the field on an extended trip, bring a spare battery to charge your phone and the device or the means to recharge via solar power. Users looking for basic satellite check-ins and SOS capabilities may be better served with one of the other available options from a cost and hardware standpoint.
What happens when you hit the SOS button? According to Zoleo, the International Emergency Response Coordination Center (IERCC) at GEOS (a private company) monitors SOS alerts initiated from your device and coordinates Search and Rescue efforts on your behalf. SOS deployment can be done from either the device alone or in the app on your phone. SOS activation also sends messages to your two pre-selected on-device contacts with your location and an SOS alert.
The Zoleo taps into the iridium satellite network, the same one used by Garmin, while Spot devices tap into the Globalstar sat network, so coverage should be similar. The Zoleo can also use cellular and wifi to send/deliver messages automatically to you on the lowest cost network based on availability. I’m uncertain why you wouldn’t just use your phone to send messages when cellular or wifi is available. Still, at least you know you won’t use up your precious satellite messages unnecessarily if sending messages through Zeleo’s app.
I am interested in testing the Zoleo in the coming months, and I am sure my mother will be excited to hear from me more often now that I’m testing a satellite uplink. She tends to worry when I am off-grid for extended periods in the mountains.
And that return text from Zoë ? It came through with no problem. Unfortunately, photo messaging isn’t available yet, but we can all dream. Zoleo is available at Zoleo.com and through other online retailers. Long-term review coming after I put in some solid off-grid hours.
Other features: USB charging, IP 68 waterproof rating (fit enough to withstand dust, dirt and sand, and resistant to submersion up to a maximum depth of 1.5m underwater for up to thirty minutes), SOS button cover to prevent accidental deployment, carabiner attachment and USB charging cable included in the box.
Barry Wicks, also known as @wicknasty, demphasizes the nasty and embraces the kindness. He lives in Bend, Oregon where in a parallel universe he covets all things cycling. And although he might not admit it, some say he was once quite speedy on a bike. Also, amongst WildSnow writers, he has the best hair.


From Radio Home to Your Home
Founded by Guglielmo Marconi, the inventor of wireless communication, the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America built the complex in 1916 and manufactured radio and wireless equipment for the United States Navy during World War I. It became the home of WDY, one of the first radio broadcasting stations licensed in the U.S., and the site of New Jersey’s first radio broadcast in 1921.
Great Location, Easy Commute
First Radio offers an array of recreation, fun, and more with parks, country clubs, and golf courses nearby. Cinemas, restaurants, and so much more at your doorstep.
In the Fall of 2024 a jitney shuttle will run from the community to the nearby Cranford train station, streamlining a Manhattan commute for residents.


DCN Digital Transmission - Tutorialspoint The transmission mode decides how data is transmitted between two computers. The process for converting digital data into digital signal is said to be Line Coding. Digital data is found in binary is represented stored internally as.
Is the human brain analog or digital? - Quora Sampling yields discrete form of continuous analog signal. There are a lot of interesting points in the responses. However, most of them answer the. Once a digital signal has been generated, propagating that signal through other. Unlike a digital computer, the brain does not use binary logic or binary. the spatiotemporal pulses of the neural code looks a lot like digital signaling.
Chapter 5 Signal Encoding Techniques Serial transmission can be either asynchronous or synchronous. Digital data, digital signal; Analog data, digital signal; Digital data, analog signal. pulses; Each pulse is a signal element; Binary data encoded into signal elements. Higher signal rate & thus data rate lead to higher costs; Some codes.
Binary Options Brokers Best Binary The binary bits are organized in-to groups of fixed length. Find all the binary options brokers available on the internet. Learn more about binary options trading, the most innovative trading style.
What is analog-to-digital conversion ADC? - Definition from WhatIs. PCM is one of the most commonly used method to convert analog data into digital form. The simplest digital signals have only two states, and are called binary. All whole numbers can be represented in binary form as strings of ones and zeros.
Perlfunc - org Polar encodings is available in four types: Bipolar encoding uses three voltage levels, positive, negative and zero. Arranges for FILEHANDLE to be read or written in "binary" or "text" mode on systems where the run-time libraries distinguish. To signal that your code.


The Benefits of Using Private Messaging to Communicate Securely: In an era where privacy and data security are paramount, finding secure communication methods is crucial. Private messaging offers a reliable and confidential way to communicate sensitive information securely. In this article, we will explore the benefits of using private messaging for secure communication. Join us as we delve into the advantages of private messaging and how it can safeguard your valuable information.
Enhanced Privacy and Confidentiality
One of the primary benefits of private messaging is the enhanced privacy and confidentiality it provides. Private messaging platforms employ robust encryption protocols that ensure that only the intended recipients can access the messages. This level of security minimizes the risk of unauthorized access, interception, or eavesdropping by third parties. By using private messaging, you can communicate with peace of mind, knowing that your conversations remain confidential.
Protection Against Data Breaches
Data breaches have become increasingly common, and they pose a significant threat to sensitive information. Private messaging platforms prioritize data protection by implementing advanced security measures. These platforms utilize end-to-end encryption, which means that messages are encrypted on the sender’s device and can only be decrypted by the intended recipient. In the event of a data breach, the encrypted messages remain unreadable and useless to unauthorized individuals. This protection helps safeguard your information from falling into the wrong hands.
Secure File Sharing
Private messaging platforms often include features that allow secure file sharing. Whether you need to exchange important documents, sensitive files, or multimedia content, private messaging provides a secure channel to do so. These platforms employ encryption to protect the files during transit, ensuring that they remain confidential and intact. This feature is especially valuable for professionals who need to share sensitive business documents or individuals who want to exchange personal files securely.
Private messaging offers the convenience of real-time communication, enabling immediate and efficient exchanges. Unlike traditional email, which can have delays, private messaging allows for instant communication, ensuring that time-sensitive information can be relayed promptly. Real-time messaging promotes seamless collaboration, enabling quick decision-making and enhancing productivity.
Control Over Communication
Private messaging empowers users with control over their communication. Users can choose who they communicate with, ensuring that their messages are shared only with trusted individuals. This control allows users to maintain a smaller and more secure network of contacts, reducing the risk of accidental or unauthorized information sharing. Additionally, private messaging platforms often provide features such as message recall or self-destruction, allowing users to delete messages after they have been sent, further enhancing control over their communication.
Authentication and Verification
Private messaging platforms often incorporate authentication and verification mechanisms, adding an extra layer of security. These mechanisms can include two-factor authentication, biometric authentication, or digital signatures. By implementing such features, private messaging platforms ensure that users can authenticate themselves and verify the identity of their contacts, reducing the risk of impersonation or unauthorized access.
Follow Us on NewUsaNews Facebook
Reduced Dependency on Third-Party Platforms
Using private messaging for secure communication reduces reliance on third-party platforms, such as social media or email providers, which may have weaker security measures. By opting for private messaging platforms that prioritize data privacy and security, users can reduce their exposure to potential vulnerabilities present in other communication channels. This shift allows individuals and organizations to have greater control over their sensitive information and mitigate the risks associated with third-party platforms.
Private messaging offers numerous benefits for secure communication, including enhanced privacy and confidentiality, protection against data breaches, secure file sharing, real-time communication, control over communication, authentication, and verification mechanisms, and reduced dependency on third-party platforms. By utilizing private messaging platforms that prioritize data security, individuals and organizations can communicate sensitive information with confidence. Embrace the advantages of private messaging and take control of your communication while safeguarding your valuable information in an increasingly digital and interconnected world.


i have a bunch of naruto episodes i want to take off my laptop and put on my desktop. what is the best way to go about transferring the files, excluding burning them to cd's. For some reason my wireless router wont let both computers connect to it. And also both of my network cards on these computers are messed up, it says network cable unplugged even when the eithernet cables are in. I thought it was fixable by setting the duplex in the settings but its not working now.
someone got an idea?


At this year’s Euronaval trade show and exhibition, Sagem (Safran) is showcasing its innovative optronics and navigation systems for naval forces, from frontline units to coast guards. Sagem’s products on display cover the full range of maritime requirements, including merchant marine security, and are organized in four main areas: observation & engagement, navigation, airborne surveillance and self-defense.
Several new Sagem products will be featured at Euronaval 2014:
Optronic attack mast. A high-performance mast for attack submarines, this optronic unit features multiple sensors in a small package. Sagem’s mast offers a non-penetrating design for thick hulls. It incorporates four high-resolution cameras, panoramic surveillance and antennas for electronic warfare, communications and GPS. Its modular design makes it adaptable to both new ships and the modernization of units already in service.
Vigy Engage. Combining surveillance capability and deployment of small caliber arms (up to 30 mm), Vigy Engage includes a gyrostabilized optronic turret and a fire control function. The surveillance version of the Vigy Observer is offered as an early warning and identification system for systems used on merchant vessels to protect them from pirates(*).
Paseo Marine. A multi-mission optronic system, Paseo Marine provides both panoramic surveillance and fire control. It’s a very compact system, including a ballistic computer, laser rangefinder and high-resolution cameras, integrated in a gyrostabilized turret. Paseo Marine supports high-precision firing against surface or aerial targets. It can be integrated with a combat system, or operated from a dedicated console, and can also be connected directly to most types of naval artillery.
EOMS NG. New-generation Electro Optical Multifunction System. The EOMS NG provides infrared panoramic tracking and shipborne artillery fire control from a multifunction console in the operations center. Designed for large warships, it offers very high performance. The new version of the EOMS NG now features an autonomous self-defense function for medium-tonnage ships, using a dedicated console.
Euroflir® 410SP. Designed for aircraft and drones, the Euroflir® 410SP system incorporates several types of very-high-resolution optronic sensors in a gyrostabilized turret: infrared imagers and TV cameras, spotter with progressive zoom, pointer and laser illuminator. A pivotal part of any airborne surveillance setup, the Euroflir® 410 SP features new solutions for the operation of sensors and image recognition software. The Euroflir® 410SP was successfully tested on the Patroller tactical drone during the summer of 2014. A new optronic payload will be developed by Optrolead, the Sagem / Thales joint venture.
SIGMA 40 navigation system. Sagem’s navigation unit is spotlighting its SIGMA 40 military navigation systems at Euronaval 2014. Featuring laser gyro inertial sensors, the Sigma 40 meets the most demanding performance requirements of different types of warships: aircraft carriers, combat vessels, support and special mission ships. The Sigma 40 XP version, also a very compact design, is specially designed for attack submarines, and has become the global benchmark in submarine navigation systems.
October 27, Sagem (Safran) has won a contract from the Royal Norwegian Navy in competitive bidding for the navigation system on its future ocean support vessel (built by the Korean shipyard DSME under a contract signed in July 2013) and polar research ship, the RV Kronprins Haakon. Both of these ships will be equipped with Sagem’s SIGMA 40 laser-gyro navigation system.
SIGMA 20M gyro-compass. Sagem continues to extend its inertial range with this new navigation system, combining a compact design, cost-competitiveness, robustness and maintenance-free operation. The SIGMA 20M offers a breakthrough inertial technology, namely the Hemispherical Resonator Gyro (HRG), patented by Sagem. The SIGMA 20M gyro-compass is intended for demanding naval applications and is fully compliant with military standards. It complements the SIGMA 40 range based on laser-gyro technology, the leader in its market segment.
BlueNaute® attitude and heading reference system. Sagem has developed the BlueNaute® family of attitude and heading reference systems to meet the needs of both commercial ships and government agencies operating at sea (police, customs, coast-guards, support vessels, etc.). In production since the end of 2012, BlueNaute® uses Sagem’s patented hemispherical resonator gyro technology. This highly innovative technology offers virtually unlimited lifetime and very high reliability, while also perfectly matching the requirements of the International Maritime Organization and the SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) treaty.
More than 400 Sagem optronic system are now deployed by some 30 navies worldwide. Sagem’s navigation systems are used on more than 450 surface vessels and 60 submarines in 14 different classes.


In the past couple of weeks, a new commercial mixer at a popular German supermarket has caused a serious security vulnerability in its firmware.
Kmart claims it patched the issue in a firmware update, but security researchers believe that’s a lie.
Kmart is a German supermarket chain with more than 4,000 stores and more than 5,500 employees in Germany.
The chain is famous for selling cheap appliances, kitchenware, and cleaning supplies.
However, it also sells hardware and software that’s used to automate a variety of functions in its stores, including food preparation, retail operations, and inventory management.
According to Kmart’s blog, the commercial mixer it sells is a commercial kitchenware mixer.
The company sells a commercial mixer called the Kmart Commercial Mixer.
It’s an expensive product with a $150 price tag, but Kmart says it fixes the bug by releasing a firmware fix.
According for security researchers, the bug that caused the commercial kitchen mixer to crash was caused by the way it interacts with other applications in the system.
The commercial mixer communicates with its firmware through the KVM protocol, a standard protocol for controlling hardware devices that is often used by other vendors.
KVM is designed to allow applications to communicate directly with hardware devices without relying on a server or database.
However when an application tries to communicate with KVM, it doesn’t know if the Kvm server is up-to-date or the database is up to date.
If it fails to talk to KVM at all, the device will crash.
This problem was discovered in a new firmware update that was released on October 29.
The bug was discovered by researchers from the security firm Avast.
The researchers found that when a commercial mixer connects to the KVC server it will send a series of HTTP requests to the application, such as POST requests to retrieve information about the application’s current status.
In response, the application will send back HTTP responses with the status code 401 (bad request), which means the application failed to respond to the request.
The HTTP responses also include a status code of 403 (OK), indicating that the request has succeeded.
In the event of a connection failure, Kmart is supposed to wait until the server returns a 503 (OK) response before continuing.
But if a commercial mixeser connects successfully to the server, the mixer will continue sending HTTP requests until the mixer is connected.
However the commercial mixesers code is very strict, so when the commercial mixers connection fails it won’t respond to any more HTTP requests, leading to a crash.KMart says the bug in its commercial mixer is a “security vulnerability” and not an out-of-band vulnerability, but the security researchers think that’s misleading.
The researchers are not exactly sure what caused the crash, but they suspect it may have been caused by a combination of the commercial mixing mixer and its database, which is used to control the commercial hardware.
In other words, if you had an app that is using a commercial mixing device to do some operations that would not normally be done by a commercial device, this could have caused the crashes.
“It is likely that a combination between the commercial and the commercial database can cause the commercial device to crash,” said Daniel Kranenburg, an Avast researcher.
Kranenburg is the lead author on the report, which was published online this week in the open-source security journal, Pwnium.
The report has been published on the Avast website.
Kranenberg told Ars that the researchers found the bug while testing the commercial commercial mixer in the lab, which they then used to analyze the crash logs of the KMC commercial mixer.
Krfc 300E security updateKmart commercial mixing machine crash logsThe researchers also used a tool called Wireshark to monitor the crash activity of the mixer.
Wireshot detects a connection to the database, and it shows a connection with a request for the database to start.
The protocol used to communicate to the commercial server is not used by the commercial processor.
Instead, the request is made to the controller that handles the commercial processing and the response is sent back to the mixer via the HTTP protocol.
Kramers research team was able to determine that the commercial system was connected to the private database of the mixing machine by monitoring the crash log of the instrument.
Kramers found the commercial data-server to be in the private system and that it did not use the Kramer network.
Krams team also found that the crash was triggered by an HTTP POST request to the mixing server.
According to the researchers, when the server received the request, it sent back a 403 (HTTP status code 503) response.
The data-service-server did not respond to Kramgers request, and the crash occurred when it failed to do so.
The crash was also triggered by a request to connect to the running database. When K


A cost effective solution for reducing noise and adding damping and ramping characteristics to hydraulic functions is to use hoses with varying rates of volumetric expansion, VE. Like accumulators, hoses have a capacitance characteristic but to a much lesser extent. That is, the higher the VE, the greater the damping effect.
Some examples are manufacturers of mobile equipment using hoses with a high VE to reduce hydraulic shock in steering systems while subsequently reducing hydraulic induced noise and vibration. High VE hoses can also be used in applications where sudden movement is detrimental, such as swing functions and even ramping on loadsense lines. On the other hand, hoses with low VE should be used when rapid function response is critical. Noise generation in hydraulics Noise in hydraulic systems is generated primarily by the pump and fluid pulsations exiting its outlet. Noise can be also generated by any element that causes turbulence or fluid velocity change. Noise is additive, so small amounts of noise from many components can be effectively amplified, resulting in significant noise transmission. Transmission of noise to human operators of the equipment can cause fatigue, nerve damage, and require them to wear hearing protection.
Noise can be eliminated by adding attenuators, which can be tuned to cancel the frequency out of the system. Attenuators are effective but relatively expensive and bulky units. Other effective methods of noise reduction are less intrusive and inexpensive ∇ specifically, using thermoplastic hydraulic hoses in place of conventional wire reinforced rubber hoses.
Noise is caused by pressure waves and flow surges occurring in the hydraulic fluid that cause vibration of mechanical components. Audible and inaudible noise can be transmitted by components of the hydraulic system to other elements of the machine. Audible noise emanates from multiple areas of the machine, but inaudible noise can travel throughout a system and become audible far from its original source. Both can be troublesome, so reducing them provides many benefits. Audible noise can be hazardous to human operators, but inaudible noise can cause additional load and wear on hydraulic components. Combined, they can lead to premature failure, additional system cost, operator fatigue, and potential hearing loss.
The U.S. Department of Labor∏s Occupational Safety and Health Administration states that exposure to 85 dBA of noise for more than eight hours a day can result in permanent hearing loss. About 30 million workers in the U.S. are exposed to hazardous noise levels, making occupational hearing loss one of the most common occupational afflictions.
Mechanical noise can cause damage to many different components in hydraulic systems, but steel tube assemblies, in particular, can be susceptible to vibration failure. Mechanical resonances occur within a system when it can store and easily transmit energy between two or more components. When the frequency of oscillations in a system approaches its natural frequency, vibrations occur. Each component in the system has a natural frequency. When combined, and depending on their damping and energy transmission properties, they will have a new set of natural frequencies.
Vibration can be transmitted to all parts of the hydraulic system via the fluid and the metal components. Noise readily travels though metal components, such as pumps, valves, cylinders, steel tubes, and fittings, but can also travel through the steel wire reinforcement in hose. For example, assume a gear pump is used in the swing drive of a typical excavator. If the gear pump operates at 2000 rpm and has 8 teeth per gear, sinusoidal waves at a frequency of 267 Hz will result. This means all components or assemblies (from a single tube installation, implement, to the entire machine) with natural frequencies of or near 267 Hz, 534 Hz, 801 Hz, etc. will resonate due to harmonics.
Lowering resonant frequency by damping can reduce vibration of assemblies. Quality factor, Q, is a dimensionless parameter that describes how damped a resonator is. A low value of Q indicates a high rate of energy loss relative to the stored energy of the resonator. So a low Q makes oscillations decay more quickly. Therefore, components and designs that reduce Q in a system are beneficial for reducing noise transmission.


This engaging book describes the properties of sound waves, how they move, and the way our ears catch them. Readers will learn how sound waves travel through different mediums and be amazed by the different ways sound waves are used in real life, such as for communication with animals and deep-sea exploration. A link to interactive activities online plus an activity in the book allow readers to experiment with sound waves to achieve different sounds.
Payment & Security
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.


12 July | A Smart Energy Future for Wales
Over the last decade digital technology has transformed the way we communicate, shop and work. We’re now part of a similar transformation in the way we buy and use energy, with new and exciting choices increasingly being introduced to us as consumers.
Energy is essential to power smart technologies but it will also be a platform itself for connected products and services that could reduce our demand and transform consumer engagement and service delivery.
We’re bringing together a diverse group of organisations that want to promote the efficient use of energy to support the development of a smarter Wales. This includes considering how energy data can contribute to advancing the world of digital health care; the development of community energy in rural areas; and what new energy models could look like.
Convened by Smart Energy GB working in partnership with IWA and Arad Research, this interactive session will include experts from academia, business, the energy industry, third sector and government. We will be collating and publishing suggestions from the morning.
The session will cover:
- the latest on the smart meter rollout, consumer energy behaviour change and the opportunities they will provide
- developments in the field of health and care applications using energy data
- learning from rural community energy projects
- new energy models
- opportunities to learn from each other, debate future scenarios and discuss potential partnerships
Why you should attend:
- to meet a range of influential organisations outside of your sector
- to consider opportunities to engage with the smart meter rollout
- to develop and link together smart technologies to provide new and appealing energy efficiency solutions
- to participate in a creative discussion to help us all move this agenda forward in Wales
This is a free event, but places are limited so booking is essential.


Science : Term 2 Unit 7 : Parts of Computer
I. Choose the correct answer:
1. Which one of the following is an output device?
Ans : Speaker
2. Name the cable that connects CPU to the Monitor
- VGA cable
Ans : VGA cable
3. Which one of the following is an input device?
Ans : keyboard
4. Which one of the following is an input device?
- Electric wires
Ans : Wi-Fi
5. Pen drive is device.
- Connecting cable
Ans : Storage
II. Match the Following
|1. VGA||Input device|
|2. Bluetooth||Connecting cable|
|3. Printer||It connects monitor, projector with the computer|
|4. Keyboard||Wireless connection|
|5. HDMI||Output device|
Ans : 1 – B, 2 – D, 3 – E, 4 – A, 5 – C
III. Give short answer
1. Name the parts of a computer.
- Input Unit
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Output Unit
2. Write the functions of epiglottis.
|Input Device||Output Device|
|The input unit helps to send the data and commands for the processing. The devices that are used to input data are called input devices.||The output unit converts, command received by the computer in the form of binary signals into easily understandable characters.|
|Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Barcode reader, Microphone-Mic., Web camera, Light Pen are some of the input devices.||Monitor, Printer, Speaker, scanner are some of the output devices|
3. Define Central Processing Unit
Central Processing Unit (CPU) CPU is the brain of the Computer. The data is processed in the CPU. The CPU has namely three parts.
- Memory Unit
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- Control Unit
The control unit controls the functions of all parts of the computer.
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Arithmetic and Logic unit performs all arithmetic computations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
The memory unit in the computer saves all data and information temporarily. We can classify memory unit into two types namely primary and secondary memory. Memory can be expanded externally with the help of Compact Disk (CD), Pendrive, etc
4. Define Wireless Connections
Bluetooth, Wi-Fi are used to connect to internet without using any connecting cables / devices.
Mouse, Keyboard can be connected to the computer using the Bluetooth. Using the Bluetooth the data can be shared with nearby devices
Net connectivity can be obtained using the Wi-Fi without any connecting cables. Any data from anywhere can be shared using Wi-Fi.
5. Write the the different types of cables
- Video Graphics Array (VGA)
- High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)
- Universal Serial Bus (USB)
- Data cable
- Power Cord
- Mic cable
- Ethernet cable


TOPIC TAGS for this article:
Patents, Internet + Computers
Composite Ideas, LLC
Click on a topic to display all headlines on that subject
SSJR Obtains Allowance Of Patent Family Directed To Middleware For Distributed Computing Systems
16 September 2013
SSJR client Composite Ideas, LLC has been issued the third patent in its patent family relating to distributed computing systems. The claims are directed to command invocation software in which commands are created and configured before being distributed for invocation. The technology is useful for applications such as file transfer and file synchronization. The patents numbers are 8,020,177, 8,352,971, and 8,533,748.


Maybe you will have a little difficulty understanding what speech recognition is as one of the latest technologies. However, have you ever searched for a route somewhere through a digital map on your smartphone with your voice? Or, have you ever done the same thing when translating text? That is the essence of giving you a more realistic idea.
In this case, sometimes speech recognition technology will overlap with voice recognition technology. However, both of them will make your life easier since they are commonly used in the business sector. For more details, please read the following explanation!
What is Speech Recognition Technology?
You can guess what is meant by speech recognition as the name has given you a clue. In short, this technology will convert human speech to text.
To carry out its functions, this technology uses natural language processing and machine learning.
In the early 1990s, engineers used the term automatic speech recognition due to its relation to machines. However, the two are now mere synonyms with no difference in terms of function.
So, what is the difference between this one and voice recognition technology? Even though both of them process someone’s voice into an electrical signal which will then be digitized, there is one thing that is a further characteristic.
Speech recognition is able to process almost all speech depending on language, accents, and other things. Meanwhile, voice recognition will be limited to specific voices that previously underwent the customize step first.
Speaker-independent and speaker-dependent is the principle that distinguishes the two. Speech recognition experiences a more complicated process, due to the diversity of input received. Meanwhile, voice recognition will focus on single input that allows users to get personalized responses.
How Does Speech Recognition Work?
The development of voice user interfaces involving machine learning and artificial intelligence has been underway for many years since dealing with phonetic units and discovering their similarities is not a simple matter. In short, the process will focus on matching speech to generic voice patterns.
Here are the five stages that have been summarized on how speech recognition works:
- Someone’s vibration will be detected by a microphone to process voice input into an electrical signal
- The electrical signal will be processed by the system into a digital signal
- Digital signal entering the preprocessing unit to reduce any noise which will affect the result
- The software analyzes digital signals by using acoustic modeling to record phonemes, speech unit, and mark off one word from another
- Understandable words and sentences are generated from constructed phonemes by using language modeling
Thus, it can be concluded that speech recognition technology processes an input spontaneously. This is different from voice recognition technology which relies on templates from the user and the program needs to be given special treatment to realize it.
Voice recognition technology has three stages of the process. Firstly, the program will refer to input adjustments that are made several times on the microphone system through the user’s voice. Then, the program will work with pre-existing statistical average samples for comparison. The result is finally used as a template for the next process.
The Example of Speech Recognition Use
This one has three main applications that can be found in daily life, including:
Writing Assistant. At this point, you can convert your speech into text. Thanks to platforms such as Speechmatics and Google or voice translation for running it. Another try is by using Siri which is available on Apple’s Notes app.
Voice Control. Do you want to play music or find out the directions, while driving your car? Keep going without significant disruption as your voice can give them the commands!
Helping the Disabled. Auto-captioning, text relays, and Dictaphones are the other manifestations of speech recognition. People with disabilities can be facilitated by hardware that is engaged with media to display them.
On the other hand, voice recognition will refer to more specific things, such as Google’s voice assistant telling calendars or reminders. With a note, you have made a reservation in advance to arrange everything.
Hands-free Calling, which allows you to call specific people from contacts via voice recognition, is another example.
To support business performance, Voice Biometrics is used in the financial and banking sectors as a method to secure customer data in any form. Meanwhile, you can find Voice Picking in the warehouses’ sector which will make it easier for someone to do their job hands-free.
Speech recognition is a technology that converts speech into text with a spontaneous process, so you will get the results in a short time. Meanwhile, voice recognition requires a series of adjustments in advance for personalization. Therefore, its use will be closely related to the business sector, although you can use it as an assistant.


To enable Low Data Setting, go into the Wi-Fi network adjustments. Swipe to enable Low Data Mode. You will see a brand new switch on the best side belonging to the screen. Anyone can turn off Low Data Setting at anytime. After that, you can go back to using Wi fi in common mode. That way, you will have a lot less data to use. In some cases, this may be beneficial if you are traveling a whole lot or maybe don’t need to use the internet here constantly.
You are able to disable Low Data Method on iOS and iPadOS devices through the use of Siri. Yet , Siri isn’t very the most helpful when it comes to controlling adjustments. If you don’t like using Siri, you can deactivate Low Info Mode manually on your i phone. Open the Settings app and search for Low Data. Subsequent, tap within the toggle to disable Low Data Setting. This process functions for the two cellular data and Wi fi networks. Therefore, you can permit or eliminate Low Info Mode in settings on a different machine.
Using Low Data Method will reduce www.dataroomservice.org for the amount of information your i phone or ipad device uses whenever using Wi-Fi. You won’t see apps using info in the background and automatic iCloud backups will stop. Streaming videos and audio may have lower bitrates, which is specifically helpful when utilizing a slower Wi-Fi network. This kind of feature is not really required, even if it can be beneficial if you’re making use of the device on a slow Wi-Fi network.


The Main VoIP Disadvantages:
Dependence On Power And Internet
One of the main VoIP disadvantages or limitations is that VoIP Telephony needs both power and internet to work. When the power goes out, you don’t have VoIP.
The same thing occurs when your ISP (Internet Service Provider) doesn’t have power or is down for maintenance. In this situation, if you don’t have an additional landline phone, you are left with no means of communication with the outside world.
Here is where the traditional phone line scores over the VoIP telephone system. Even when there is no power in your house or office, your traditional landline phone works as it is powered by the electricity at the phone company.
Power outage may not be much of a problem if it is for a shortPower outage may not be much of a problem if it is for a short duration, but this can cause severe difficulty if you want to make an emergency call during this time. One way to get around this problem is to have a back up power system - universal power supply – or maintain a regular landline phone for such emergency situations.
Another area where your traditional phone has advantage over the VoIP telephone is that when you dial 911 on it, you are immediately connected to the nearest PSAP (PublicSafety Answering Point), a physical location where 911 emergency telephone calls are received and then routed to the proper emergency services.
Inability to make 911 calls on VoIP phones was a serious issue, but this VoIP disadvantage has been largely overcome because now most VoIP service providers offer E911 feature with their services.
If emergency calling is your concern and if you plan to replace your landline phone with an internet phone, sign up with a service provider which provides acceptable E911 facility with its service.
Here the thing to remember is that even the best E911 service from your VoIP provider will be of no use when your internet connection goes down because your ISP has power outage or is down for maintenance.
Other Related Issues:
- Home Security
If you have a home security system which runs on your traditional telephone line, it will shut down when you replace your landline phone with an internet phone. The solution here is to go for a VoIP-compatible or independent wireless security system. You can find such companies serving your area by making a search on the internet.
- DSL Internet Connection
If you have broadband DSL connection coming through a wired telephone line, you will have to replace it with cable broadband when replacing your landline phone.
- You Lose Your Phone Number
Still another VoIP disadvantage is that when you give up your regular phone in favor of an internet phone, you get a new phone number. You have to inform your relatives, friends and business contacts about this change. A way to overcome this VoIP disadvantage is to keep your old phone number -one of the many VoIP features offered by VoIP service providers
- PC Power
One of the advantages of VoIP is that you can make a VoIP call and surf the internet at the same time. This can turn into a VoIP disadvantage if your pc has limited process capacity. Your call can be affected or totally crash if you are downloading a big file or running a program that needs lots of process power.
Still another VoIP disadvantage is that VoIP can suffer the same security threats that your pc does – viruses, identity theft, phising and spam. If you have been using your pc to surf the internet you know that there are ways to safeguard yourself against such threats. It is the same with VoIP. Here also you can certainly take a number of steps toward VoIP security and enjoy the many benefits of VoIP.
With such VoIP disadvantages, should you give up on VoIP?
No, certainly not. VoIP has lots of benefits along with some drawbacks like any other system.
The regular phone system has been around for more than a century and has faced a number of problems before attaining its present status. In comparison, VoIP is a toddler learning to take its first steps.
But compared to the traditional telephony, it has made big strides in a short time. So you can expect the voip technology to overcome these disadvantages in not too distant a future.
You are on VoIP Disadvantages page click here to go to home page.


Cascade Answering Solutions utilizes intelligent cloud based dispatching software to streamline the on-call process for our customers. Once the on-call rotation for the month is uploaded into our system; our Virtual Receptionists (operators) can immediately and efficiently dispatch the correct person with a single click of a button, cutting down on call cost and reducing human error.
Just send us a monthly call schedule and our staff will take care of the rest. If you ever have a sudden change in on-call you can simply email us, call us, submit a help desk ticket, or you can even instantly update the schedule in our system yourself if you wish to be added as an administrative user for your account with us. Once added into the system as an admin user, you will have complete and real-time access to your team’s on-call scheduler and active calls via web & mobile app.
Other intelligent dispatching features include, but are not limited to:
- Customizable contact methods - You decide how your team is notified when they are paged by us, or they can choose their own notification methods if you prefer. You can choose for them to be contacted via phone call, text message, email, or notified using a secure mobile app (available on both IOS & Android devices), OR they can be notified using multiple contact methods simultaneously, it’s totally up to you.
- Optional Advanced Call Escalation - If an on-call team member doesn’t acknowledge a message or call within a predefined time frame; the system will either attempt to reach them again using a different method of contact, or the call will be escalated to a different team member. This will all be determined during the account setup process, and can be changed at any time.
- Encrypted Messaging Via Mobile App - Perfect for doctors and medical practices. Our paging platform is HIPAA and NIST complaint.
- Multiple On-Call Shifts - Do you have multiple team members taking after-hour calls for more than one scenario? Not a problem! Our system can handle as many call schedules and shifts that you may have at any given time.
Please contact a member of our team for more information.


NMEA Multiplexer with bidirectional SeaTalk port and USB
The gadgetPool NMEA & SeaTalk Multiplexer is a NMEA-Multiplexer with additional Seatalk port and USB-port.
With this NMEA-Multiplexer you can connect serveral NMEA devices, read data from a SeaTalk network, write Data to your Seatalk network and also connect your PC
Multiplexer ports :
- 4 galvanic isolated NMEA 0183 inputs.
- 2 NMEA 0183 outputs
- 1 galvanic isolated SeaTalk port. SeaTalk Data are translated into NMEA sentences, NMEA Data are translated into Seatalk data
- 1 USB port for PC. With the USB port, a PC can send and receive NMEA Data.
What is a Nmea-Multipelxer good for ?NMEA devices can send data and/or receive data from other NMEA devices. .
According to NMEA standards, a sender can send it's data to up to 4 receivers.
For a receiver, It is not possible to receive data from more than one sender.
A NMEA receiver can only receive data from one other device at a time.
I.e. With one NMEA input port, a Chart plotter can not receive position from a GPS device and depth data from a depth sounder at the same time.
In order to be able to receive data from more than one NMEA source, a NMEA-Multiplexer has to be placed in between the senders and the receiver.
A NMEA-Multiplexer receives data on separated input ports from different NMEA devices.
It buffers this incoming data, filters them and sends them out well ordered to the receiver.
gadgetPool NMEA-Multiplexer can receive data from :
- up to 4 NMEA devices ( i.e. GPS, depth sounder, wind instruments, AIS etc.. )
- 1 board PC via USB
- 1 SeaTalk network.
The Multiplexer buffers, filters and send this data in proper order to :
- 1 board PC via USB
- up to 4 different types of NMEA receivers
- to the Seatalk network
Housing and terminalsHousing
The multiplexer comes in a nice and sturdy metal housing.
For easy installation and service, all terminals for NMEA, SeaTalk and power supply are detachable
Update : In the picture above only two NMEA out ports are shown. Meanwhile all 4 NMEA out ports are available.
Currently the following NMEA sentences can be produced based on incoming SeaTalk data:
- $IIDBT Depth
- $IIVHW Speed through water
- $IIMTW Water temperature
- $IIVLW Total milage, trip milage
- $IIMWV Wind direction and wind speed
- $IIHDM Heading magnetic
- $IIRMC Speed over ground,heading, longitude, latitude , time, date
Optional an aditional $IIGLL sentence can be sent.
- $IIRSA Rudder
Technical data :
- Operation voltage : 10-30 Volt DC.
- Power consumption : 60 mA ( 100 mA max. at full load)
- Inputs : 4 * NMEA-0183 ( RS-422 ) galvanic isolated
- Outputs : 4 * NMEA-0183 ( RS-422 )
- Network : 1 * SeaTalk in/output galvanic isolated
- Baudrates : 1200 Baud - 38400 Baud ( USB up to 57600 Baud )
- Memory : 2*4 kB Buffer for each NMEA channel. ( 4kB send/ 4kB receive)
- PC-interface : 1 * USB virtual serial port for NMEA sending and receiving
- To make sure you get what you need - Please read the NMEA-Multiplexer MANUAL before ordering.


The Internet Of Things (IoT) refers to devices that collect and transmit data via the internet. But how does the IOT impact our security?
Anything that can be connected, will be connected. In 2008, there were already more objects connected to the internet than people. By 2020 there will be an estimated 50-200 billion connected devices, According to Behmann & Wu.
Spamming is already a widely known problem on the Internet and could also affect the IoT. For example, criminals could change EPCs, so that tags point to banner ads instead of an ONS server, which would result in revenue for the spammer for each tag read (Weber & Weber 2010).
“As an industry, the IoT has failed to make it clear that if you put software on something attackable and connect it, it’s exposed. We have to aggressively and sanely excel the benefits of connected devices, while mitigating the risks. If we move too fast in developing new IoT applications, but don’t make security a paramount consideration, we’re leaving ourselves vulnerable for massive breaches with massive consequences.”
With billions of devices connected together security becomes a big issue.
The IoT holds great promise for cybercriminals who can use our homes´ routers, televisions, refrigerators, and other Internet-connected devices to launch large and distributed attacks. Internet-enabled devices represent an enormous threat because they are easy to penetrate, consumers have little incentive to make them more secure, the rapidly growing number of devices can send malicious content almost undetected, few vendors are taking steps to protect against this threat, and the existing security model simply will not work to solve the problem (Behmann & Wu 2015). Do not buy devices which have default passwords. Once you connect the device is exposed on the internet so anyone could find an address to a machine and connect to it and do whatever they please.
All IoT devices should have authentication. The password needs to be unique for every device so only the owner can log into it. Every IoT device should use encryption while uploading to the cloud, sharing data etc. so only the people that are meant to are getting the information. Protect your privacy. we don´t want these IoT devices to reveal things about where they are or who the owner is and how long they´ve been running. That sort of information needs to be hidden so only the right people can see it.
Attacks launched using IoT devices
We´ve already heard stories of Malware which searches for IoT devices and tries to take them over. Why is it so simple to do this? Computers have built-in security features, they have firewalls and antiviruses. But all these IoT devices have no security what so ever and most of them have a default access. In other words, the same set of password for all the devices from the manufacturer. If I buy a coffee maker and connect it to my Wi-Fi my new IoT device is exposed to the internet. Every IoT device has some sort of mini-computer inside it. Hackers are able to take over and use the device to launch DDoS attacks. Therefore, reasonable security measures need to be made.
Behmann, F & Wu, K (2015). Collaborative Internet of Things (C-IoT): For Future Smart Connected Life and Business. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 7-36.
Beaver, K & Rouse, M. (-). distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. Available: http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/distributed-denial-of-service-attack. Last accessed 13th May 2017.
Hanson, J. (2015). Internet of Things Security Risks and Challenges. Available: https://www.pubnub.com/blog/2015-06-05-internet-of-things-security-risks-and-challenges/. Last accessed 11th May 2017.
Weber, R.H. & Weber , R (2010). Internet of Things Legal Perspectives . London, New York: Springer. 44.
-. (2016). DDoS Attack Against Dyn Managed DNS Incident Report for Dyn, Inc.. Available: https://www.dynstatus.com/incidents/nlr4yrr162t8. Last accessed 12th May 2017.
-. (-). Big Data and the Internet of Things. Available: https://www.infragistics.com/community/blogs/mobileman/archive/2015/12/15/big-data-and-the-internet-of-things.aspx. Last accessed 12th May 2017.


Quasi-resonant Switching Power Supply
|LTspice Version(Coming Soon)
Switching Power Supply with low EMI and high power
efficiency can be achieved more easily by applying
Quasi-Resonant techniques. The power supply is well
suited for printers and LCD TVs applications that are
noise sensitive. Fuji Electric has developed FA5541
Quasi-Resonant controller IC that is energy-saving
and possible to drive a power MOSFET directly.
Quasi-Resonant Switching Power Supply Design Kit is
a ready-to-use SPICE simulation project that enable
designers to simulate FA5541 power supply application
circuit. The designer can edit their design and verify
the operating characteristics of the power supply by:
This will help the designers find the design flaws
before the production cycle. The circuit can be effectively
tested without the possibility of destroying their parts.
And simulations with the Design Kit is much more quickly
than to build and evaluate the real circuit.
FA5541 characteristics and functions are modeled one
by one compared to the datasheet. The models in the
Design Kit have been evaluated and compared with
measurement data to verify their accuracy.
Quasi-Resonant Switching Power Supply Design Kit
•set of folders that contain OrCAD PSpice project files
•models of the devices using in the design that include
library file, schematic symbol, and evaluation report to
show the model accuracy.
Please check out documents below for the detail and
example of using the Design Kit.


The LanYap Networks model is successful because we made the conscious choice to focus on customer advocacy rather than meeting a sales quota. The clients we represent are repeat customers because they appreciate the dependable service they receive and having access to over 125 vendors; all with a single point of contact.
From simple analog lines to complex cloud solutions, LanYap Networks is prepared to evaluate your needs and provide you with innovative options to implement the best possible communications infrastructure for your business. You’ll never hear us say, “We can’t help you” or “That’s not our responsibility.”
Our SIP trunks give your business the scalability, efficiency and simplicity that you need in today’s communication world. The convergence of voice and data services into a single pipe reduces costs by eliminating the need for separate connections and gives you the flexibility to incrementally and infinitely scale your business communications as demand dictates. Enjoy the simplicity of one bill and one point of contact by bringing all of your communication needs into one location.
LanYap Networks traditional Local and Long Distance services are available nationwide and and offer consistent and affordable business phone service. We support Toll Free, PRI, and analog lines and offer an easy transition when you’re ready to move to an IP-based system.
Hosted PBX from LanYap Networks gives your business all the features of traditional, on-premise PBX systems, without the headache and expense of managing your own system. Hosted in the cloud and managed externally, there is no large upfront expense for the system, nor expensive on-going upgrades and maintenance. We handle all of that for you so that you can focus on what’s important - your business.
Reduce your total cost of ownership (TCO), increase flexibility and enhance productivity with metro ethernet from LanYap Networks. Metro ethernet reduces the cost of WAN equipment and eliminates the need for specialized WAN support expertise, all while enabling your business to combine voice, video and data networks. Scalable bandwidth allows you to only pay for what you need and the ability to scale up and down without the hassle of adding or removing new equipment.
LanYap Networks offers a private nationwide IP network that uses MPLS to traffic high priority voice, video and data. Offering secure routing between multiple locations, MPLS is great for businesses running business-critical applications, or those that require high-level security and easy control over application performance. This convergence of communications into one local connection allows you to improve your operational and cost efficiencies while also improving connectivity across geographically dispersed locations.
LanYap Networks offers fast, reliable DIA to meet your company's high-bandwidth business requirements. With symmetrical connectivity ranging from 1 Mbps to 10 Gbps, our DIA solutions act as an alternative to traditional high-speed data connections and help keep your business running smoothly and efficiently.
Software-Defined WAN (SD-WAN) from LanYap Networks offers increased network agility, lower bandwidth costs and enterprise-grade performance to ensure superior performance. Our SD-WAN solution automatically configures WAN edge routers to determine the best path for moving traffic across wired and wireless broadband and MPLS networks. This provides a better overall service performance and allows your business communications to work smoothly and seamlessly.
Our desktop collaboration solution provides a feature-rich web and conferencing application, ideal for hosting online meetings, webinars and training sessions. This feature-rich web and video application offers HD video, along with screen sharing capabilities and audio conferencing dial-in. With desktop collaboration from LanYap Networks, your business can connect team members, colleagues, and customers in one simple, easy-to-use platform, saving you time and money while providing an excellent experience for your team.
LanYap Networks connects your organization with HD video conferencing that offers an easy to use, feature-rich solution that delivers a meeting experience like never before. Leveraging the latest video conferencing technology, video conferencing from LanYap Networks changes the way your business communicates by providing face-to-face collaboration across team members. Our video conferencing solution provides a secure and simple way to increase business productivity and improve collaboration across your entire organization.
Audio conferencing from LanYap Networks gives your business the flexibility to host conference calls quickly and easily. Hold unlimited sales trainings, team meetings and customer calls using our audio conferencing bridge without the need of a third-party conferencing system. This dedicated conference bridge allows callers from any location, on any device to dial into a password-protected bridge and offers high-quality audio solutions for any business size.
The use of mobile devices for business communication is presenting some new challenges to your business. Mobile Device Management from LanYap Networks minimizes the risks and complexity of managing these devices across your business. Our MDM solution provides an efficient way to manage mobile devices and users in a simple admin console. Register devices, enroll users and provide the mobile security your business needs to maintain productivity and minimize the complexity of managing multiple devices.
4G/LTE service from LanYap Networks is made up of leading wireless data providers and gives you access to the carrier best suited to meet your geographic locations. This minimizes the coverage issues of a single provider and increases the speed and reliability your business requires to operate efficiently. Since staying connected and operational during a network outage is vital to your company’s efficiency, WAN link redundancy provides backup and ensures protection for mission-critical applications.
LanYap Networks Infrastructure-as-a-Service solution is adaptable and scalable that fits your changing business needs. Our team manages access to critical business systems, reducing the strain on your IT department and providing you with the highest levels of security and compliance. With our ITaaS solution, you can strategically focus on your business and leave the day-to-day IT responsibilities to us.
VDI from LanYap Networks allows you to streamline device management and IT costs by centralizing desktops while providing your employees with mobility and the freedom to access their virtual desktop anytime, from anywhere, on any device. Our VDI solution allows you full control over your organization's virtual desktops while we provide the management of the hardware and infrastructure.
Our Help Desk solution allows your business to leverage highly-trained, U.S.-based certified consultants to provide 24/7 service to your customers. With LanYap Networks, you get a customized help desk solution that removes the stress of mobile device support from your IT staff. With our convenient and responsive inbound customer service, you can rest assured that your customers are being helped by a solid team of technical experts.
Our managed Cyber Security solution offers you a distributed network of security sensors that go far beyond simple anti-virus and signature protection. With LanYap Networks, you can rest easy knowing that your network is being monitored by a personal team of analysts and experts. Our online portal provides real-time data so that you can stay up-to-date on any threats or vulnerabilities detected on the network. Couple that with powerful analytics, leading-edge technology and personalized professional service, and you’ve got the confidence and security your business needs to be protected from online threats.


Multi-gigabit point-to-multipoint data transport
Dexor is a B2B solution to improve data transferring of large files to one or many receivers, even over Wide Area Networks. The core of the project is a Reliable Multi-Destination Transport Protocol (RMDT) - a great solution for fast data transmission over high-capacity WAN networks. It easily handles high packet delays and jitters, as well as significant packet losses in the network.
NordWhale developed a web application to work with RMDT protocol and manage files and servers in different locations. The most challenging part of this project was to make difficult management of a large number of servers very simple for end users.


Loop enables the collection, storage and analysis of up to 10 second resolution, real time, energy consumption data. The Loop platform is low cost and flexible, with the ability to connect additional sensors to measure multiple factors in the home environment.
The Loop platform is designed to support 100,000’s of installations to meet user demand. Loop is configured to enable partitioning of user groups to ensure data integrity and the ring fencing of client accounts.Contact Us
The Loop road map is very exciting with new connected products and system features under development.
The Loop platform can store and analyse multiple data sets to draw behavioural and property insights, including:
Loop can message individual users, a defined group or the whole population as a call to action through:


Nearly everyone has a smartphone wherever they go, their vehicles included. It’s widely known that cell phone use while driving creates mental and physical distractions that can turn disastrous. Enter the phone mount. At first glance, a phone mount might seem to decrease some of the distractions posed when using a phone while driving. After all, such a device places your phone at your fingertips and makes the screen easier to see.
However, phone mounts might also create dangers. If you were injured in a car accident and suspected the at-fault driver was using a cell phone at the time of the accident, even if it was on a phone mount, seek the advice of an experienced Suwanee car accident attorney away.
Phone Mounts Cause More Distraction
Even if a driver uses their phone completely hands-free, phone mounts still increase the risk of distraction. Instead of putting their phone in their console or pocket, a phone mount always places a phone near eye level in a driver’s line of sight. Now the driver is more aware of the phone and more likely to use the phone. If the screen isn’t dark, just having the phone with a screen to look at can distract you. Drivers might be more tempted to text, answer calls, or do other things with the phone at their fingertips.
In addition, if the phone mount comes off, breaks, or isn’t working currently while a driver is behind the wheel, it creates another distraction. The driver might attempt to fix it or put it back where it belongs while they are still driving.
A False Sense of Security
Using a phone mount, a driver might be given a false sense of security and lulled into thinking they aren’t distracted. They might take chances or make poor choices that they wouldn’t have if they weren’t using the cell phone mount. A phone mount can make it feel like they are invincible and won’t get into an accident while using one.
Blocking the View
Phone mounts can also block a driver’s view of the road and their surrounding environment depending on where they are placed. In the wrong location, they might not see a child dart out into the road or a car turning. Unfortunately, they may not even realize their cell phone mount impedes their view until it’s too late.
Contact a Suwanee Car Accident Attorney
For many reasons, cell phone mounts aren’t safe and can create more dangers than they attempt to solve. The knowledgeable Suwanee car accident lawyers at Banks, Stubbs & McFarland have helped many clients obtain compensation for their damages after being in an accident with a driver who was using a cell phone mount and thought they were being safe. These types of accidents happen all too often. If something similar has happened to you, contact us today at 770.887.1209 or online to schedule your free case consultation and get your claim started.


In a further purchase illustrating the emerging gulf between Tasman defence capabilities, the Australian government is spending $A2.46bn on four Gulfstream G550 Peregrine business jets to be modified in the US modified for the electronic warfare (EW) mission.
Defence Minister Chris Pyne says the Peregrine is a new airborne electronic warfare capability which will be integrated into Defence’s joint war-fighting networks, providing a critical link between platforms, including the Lockheed Martin F-35A Joint Strike Fighter, the Boeing E-7A Wedgetail, EA-18G Growler electronic strike aircraft warships and Army assets.
The aircraft will be based at RAAF Edinburgh in South Australia alongside the RAAF P-8A Poseidons and its incoming fleet of Northrop Grumman MQ-4C Triton UAVs. In addition, the RAAF’s future contingent of MQ-9 Reapers will operate from the base.
Modifications will include mission systems and secure communications equipment. The work will be undertaken at L3’s Greenville site in Texas.
A self-protection suite will also be installed, with other programme elements to include ground-based data processing systems, plus spare parts and crew training services.
The RAAF says the 2016 defence White Paper indicated there was an electronic warfare co-ordination role not being filled. Officers say the G550 will serve as “ the conductor of the orchestra”.


On December 27, 2016 the delegation of China Telecom Group (one of the top 500 world largest companies and one of the top 10 world telecommunication services providers) headed by Vice President Mr. Sun Kangmin visited Great Stone Industrial Park. During the visit China Telecom Group and Industrial Park Development Company signed cooperation agreement on ICT. China Telecom BLR, Ltd. (the authorized capital of the subsidiary constitutes 1 million USD) was set up in Great Stone Industrial Park, with the amount of planed investments of 3-5 million USD in 2017.
Today China Telecom BLR, Ltd. has already started the construction of communication center on the territory of the Industrial Park. The company is going to implement a variety of different projects in the nearest future.


Starbucks. Amtrak. Barnes & Noble. All of these place offer the promise of free WiFi so that customers can freely browse questionable internet sites at their leisure. However, what always happens? The signal is crappy! Too many people are on it! It's too slooowwwww.
One way to get around this is to carry around your own WiFi signal. Most cell phone and tablet devices such as the Apple iPad or the Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 (10.1") pictured above contain an option that allows the device to broadcast its own WiFi signal. Confusingly, this can be called different things - Apple calls it Personal Hotspot, Verizon calls it Mobile Hotspot, and Windows Phone calls it Internet Sharing.
This may be an additional charge to enable mobile WiFi - AT&T charges me an extra $20/mo for my iPhone to share a WiFi signal. The price is worth it when I'm stuck somewhere with a crappy WiFi signal and I need to get work done. However, it WILL eat up your battery and drive up your data usage and potentially cost even more, especially if you're connecting using your laptop and visiting data heavy sites such as YouTube and Netflix. I've definitely been hit up with a bill that was significantly higher than I was used to because I didn't watch my data consumption.
BrothaTech also has a great piece on mobile hotspots last year - check that out by clicking here.


In today's fast-paced world, staying connected with friends, family, and colleagues is more important than ever. The evolution of technology has brought us various communication tools, but none as innovative as Sph Video Chat. This cutting-edge platform has revolutionized the way we interact with others, offering a seamless and immersive experience like never before.
Sph Video Chat allows individuals from different corners of the world to connect and communicate effortlessly. By eliminating geographical barriers, it opens up a world of possibilities for personal and professional relationships. Whether you are catching up with a loved one, conducting business meetings, or collaborating on a project, Sph Video Chat makes it all possible in real-time.
One of the key advantages of Sph Video Chat is its ability to convey emotions and non-verbal cues effectively. Unlike traditional text-based communication, this platform enables users to see each other's facial expressions, body language, and gestures, enhancing the overall communication experience. This feature is particularly valuable for businesses, as it facilitates better understanding, engagement, and collaboration among team members.
Sph Video Chat offers a user-friendly interface that makes connecting with others a breeze. With just a few clicks, you can initiate a video call and start communicating with friends, family, or colleagues. The platform ensures high-quality video and audio, ensuring that you never miss a single detail during your conversations. Additionally, Sph Video Chat provides various customization options, allowing users to personalize their experience and make it truly their own.
Privacy and security are of utmost importance in today's digital landscape. Sph Video Chat prioritizes user confidentiality by implementing robust encryption protocols and advanced security measures. Rest assured that your conversations and personal information are protected from unauthorized access, giving you peace of mind while connecting with others online.
As technology continues to evolve, so does the way we communicate. Sph Video Chat is at the forefront of this revolution, paving the way for a more connected and immersive future. With its advanced features and seamless user experience, it is transforming the way we interact and collaborate, whether for personal or professional purposes.
In conclusion, Sph Video Chat is a game-changer in the realm of communication. Its ability to break down barriers, enhance visual communication, and provide a seamless user experience sets it apart from traditional communication tools. Embrace the future by harnessing the power of Sph Video Chat and experience a new level of connection and collaboration in the digital age.