Announcements of commercial launches
Global 5G race is heating up. The number of live 5G networks increased significantly in Europe and outside Europe since the beginning of 2019. Only Lithuania, Malta and Portugal have not launched 5G services in the EU as at the end of March 2021.
At the end of March 2021, 5G commercial services had been deployed in 24 EU-27 countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
EU-27 countries with 5G commercial service – March 2021
Source: IDATE Digiworld
T-Mobile announced in March 2019 commercial launch with friendly customers using the 3.6 GHz band. The operator announced it had deployed 25 base stations for this launch in rural areas. The first 5G smartphones were available at the end of 2019.
The operator announced in July 2020 that its 5G network was active at 600 locations across the country, covering 25% of Austrian homes and businesses. By the end of 2020, the player reached 1,200 locations, representing almost 40% of homes and businesses. The company noted that it is implementing Dynamic Spectrum Sharing technology.
In September 2020, T-Mobile Austria paid 87 million EUR for 2×20 MHz of 700 MHz spectrum, 20 MHz in the 1500 MHz band and 2×15 MHz of 2.1 GHz spectrum in the second 5G auction in the country.
Three Austria announced a 5G pre-launch after activating its 5G network in the city of Linz in June 2019. The operator activated, in September 2019, more 5G base stations in Worgl and Vienna and started offering 5G tariffs and devices. In December 2019, the company revealed that around 100 5G locations were going to be live across the country by the end of 2019. The operator has worked with Chinese vendor ZTE in its commercial 5G deployment.
A1 launched its 5G network in January 2020 using the 3.5 GHz band. The “A1 5Giganetwork” covers 350 locations across 129 municipalities in Austria. A1 had previously signed a commercial contract with Finnish vendor Nokia for the deployment of its 5G network across the country. The contract includes both Nokia’s 5G radio access and cloud-native 5G core technology.
Proximus launched Belgium’s first commercial 5G services on April 1, 2020, using spectrum in its existing spectrum holdings (2.1 GHz) and within current EMF norms. Coverage was available in about 30 cities and towns. In June 2020, the operator expanded the network coverage to an additional 26 locations in Flanders, including central areas of Ghent and Antwerp. The network was not deployed in the Brussels region due to its stricter radiation standards. By the end of 2020, the network covered more than 100 sites in 62 cities and municipalities, mainly in Flanders.
In September 2020, Vivacom launched the first Bulgaria 5G network in all 27 district centers of the country. The operator gave free of charge 30 GB per month to its customers to test the new technology until the end of 2020. Vivacom is using Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) in the 1800 MHz and 2.1 GHz bands.
A1 Bulgaria switched on its 3.6 GHz 5G network in the capital city of Sofia in November 2020. The operator said that the network supports coverage of Sofia’s main residential and business districts and can deliver 1 Gbps download speeds.
Hrvatski Telekom (HT) switched on Croatia’s first commercial 5G network in late October 2020 in parts of six major cities: Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Osijek, Samobor and Sveta Nedelja. At launch, 18% of the Croatian population was covered with the 5G network. In December 2020, the operator announced its 5G network covered one million people in 14 cities, reaching 25% of the country’s population. Customers on selected tariffs and with a 5G-capable device can access 5G services at no extra charge until June 2021.
The Hrvatski Telekom’s 5G network is based on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) technology, which enables the current use of existing frequencies for 5G. Hrvatski Telekom has launched on 2100MHz bands while awaiting the upcoming 3.5 GHz auction rescheduled for 2021.
In February 2021, Cypriot mobile operator Cyta launched 5G services capable of providing speeds of 1 Gbps. The company advertised a population footprint of 70% at launch, with plans to extend the coverage to 98% of the population within twelve months.
O2 (Telefonica) Czech Republic launched 5G services in July 2020 in selected parts of Prague. The network is also available in the city of Koline. In December 2020, the operator announced its network was available in two more cities: Pilsen and Bilina. O2 plans to cover at least three more cities in early 2021.
Vodafone Czech Republic announced in early October 2020 the launch of its NSA 5G network in the cities of Prague, Brno, Usti nad Labem, Jesenik, and Karlovy Vary, using Dynamic Spectrum Sharing technology. In February 2021, the operator communicated that ist 5G network was available in more than 130 cities and smaller municipalities, covering approximately two million people, more than 20% of the population.
T-Mobile launched 5G commercial services in November 2020 in the cities of Prague and Brno. The operator said that by the end of 2020, more than a quarter of the population in both cities will be covered by its 5G network, targeting having around 360 base transceiver stations online. In December 2020, TMobile announced its 5G network covered one million people in 14 cities.
Operators count on the coming 5G auction for a truly nationwide expansion of the network.
TDC launched commercial 5G services in the 3.5 GHz band in Copenhagen, Odense, Aarhus and Helsingør in early September 2020. The company claimed that by December 2020, 3,800 base stations had been equipped with Ericsson’s 5G technology throughout Denmark, with a footprint of 90% of the population.
The company is offering two 5G plans: the “Professional” with 30 GB of data allowance costs 399 DKK (54 EUR) per month and the “Premium” with 100 GB of data allowance costs 499 DKK (67 EUR) per month. These two 5G price plans complete 4G cheaper plans with lower data allowances (3 GB at 199 DKK/month or 27 EUR and 10 GB at 299 DKK/month or 40 EUR).
Telenor Denmark activated its 5G network in November 2020 using the 3.5 GHz band, covering around 600,000 potential customers in Copenhagen and Aalborg. Cities of Aarhus and Odense are next in line for rollouts.
The operator launched commercial 5G services in November 2020 using the 3.5 GHz band. By January 2021, 30% of the population was covered by its 5G network.
Danish mobile network operator Hi3G Access announced the official switch-on of its new 5G network in Copenhagen and Roskilde in mid-December 2020. The operator launched 5G using frequencies in the 700 MHz and 1800 MHz. In March 2021 it is expected that the Danish Energy Agency will hold an auction to award spectrum in the 3.5 GHz band. That additional spectrum and further 5G development will enable speeds of around 1 Gbps, 3 Denmark said. The operator announced that it expects to cover one-third of its network by mid-2021 and to complete its nationwide network by mid- 2022.
Telia Eesti switched on Estonia’s first commercial 5G network in November 2020 in the centres of the country’s three largest cities, Tallinn, Tartu and Pärnu. The network uses Ericsson Spectrum Sharing technology, enabling Telia to utilise its existing frequencies since the government has not yet auctioned off 3.5 GHz licences for 5G.
Elisa reported its 5G network carried a 5G phone call on 27 June 2018 between the Estonian minister of Economy and her Finnish colleague in Finland. Tests performed showed data speeds of 2.2 Gbps. That said, the first 5G licences were made available in the 3.6 GHz band frequencies in autumn 2018. The operator started offering 5G mobile devices and plans in June 2019 in Tampere, Jyväskylä, Turku and Helsinki.
Elisa revealed in June 2020 that its 5G network had been switched on in a total of 30 cities and towns across the country, with more than one million people within its service area. In January 2021, Elisa confirmed that its network covered some two million Finns and about 34% of the population, while 5G subscriptions had risen to close to 200,000 by the end of 2020.
Telia Finland launched 5G services in seven cities at the end of 2019 using its 3.5 GHz spectrum. The operator also promotes Fixed Wireless Access for homes, besides normal mobile subscriptions. In November 2020, the operator stated that its 5G network was covering 42 cities, reaching approximately 1.4 million people or 25% of the population.
DNA started selling mobile 5G subscriptions in January 2020 using its 3.5 GHz band, having previously launched its ‘DNA Home 5G’ offering in December 2019. In November 2020, the network was available in 76 municipalities, covering more than 1.5 million people and representing 27% of the population.
Orange France launched its commercial 5G mobile network on 3 December 2020 in 15 municipalities including Nice, Marseille, Le Mans, Angers, and Clermont Ferrand. By the end of 2020, more than 160 municipalities will be covered with the 3.5 GHz 5G network, providing data speeds up to three-to-four times faster than 4G LTE. According to Orange, each municipality will be added to the official coverage list when its 5G outdoor population coverage rate reaches 80% or more.
Bouygues Telecom switched on its 5G network in 20 major cities the 1st of December 2020. The network was available in Lyon, Nice, Montpellier, Reims, Le Havre, Toulon, Dijon, Villeurbanne, Le Mans, Aix-en-Provence, Boulogne-Billancourt, Metz, Saint-Denis, Argenteuil, Rouen, Versailles, Montreuil, Nancy, Avignon, and Cannes. In January 2021, Bouygues announced its 5G rollout reached over 1,000 municipalities across the country via 2,407 base stations. The French operator has also confirmed the goal of achieving nationwide coverage by the end of 2021. The current roll-out phase will rely on the 3.5 GHz and 2.1 GHz bands.
SFR announced in late November 2020 the launch of its 5G service using the 2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz in the city of Nice. 50% of the population of the city was covered by 5G, and within several weeks, 80% was planned to be covered. The company confirmed plans to extend its coverage to more than 120 municipalities throughout December 2020. The rollouts will take place at selected locations in the agglomerations of Bordeaux, Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, Montpellier, Nantes, Nice, and Paris-Ile-deFrance.
Free Mobile became in December 2020 the fourth French operator to launch commercial 5G services. At launch, for the same data volume, consumers had to pay more than three times at Orange or at SFR.
The 5G network covered about 40% of the population and had good indoor reception thanks to the 5,255 active 700 MHz cell sites. Free Mobile also activated 220 cell sites equipped with 3.6 GHz frequencies to offer ultra-fast speeds in selected locations. By February 2021, the operator had activated 6,274 base stations.
France’s spectrum agency ANFR said that the number of cell sites authorized for 5G services amounted to 18,039 as of January 7, 2021.
Deutsche Telekom switched on its 5G network in September, 2019, in five German cities: Berlin, Bonn, Cologne, Darmstadt, and Munich. Hamburg, Frankfurt, and Leipzig followed.
In July 2020, the operator announced that its 5G network covered 40 million Germans, representing half of the population. Services were available in over 3,000 towns and municipalities after a further 18,000 antennas were upgraded for 5G and integrated into the live network. The company announced that it plans to cover 80% of the population by the end of 2021.
Telekom uses spectrum in the 2.1 GHz band to provide customers with 5G coverage in less densely populated areas, while the 3.6 GHz band is being used in large cities. Dynamic Spectrum Sharing is also being deployed.
Vodafone Germany started its 5G network in July 2019. In February 2021, the operator announced that it switched on a further 2,200 5G antennas at around 800 locations across Germany. In total, more than 7,000 5G antennas were active at almost 2,500 locations, providing coverage to more than 20 million Germans, with this set to rise to 30 million by the end of 2021.
Vodafone is using the 1800 MHz band to provide 5G in densely populated cities with speeds of more than 500 Mbps, while the 700 MHz range is being deployed in rural areas to offer data rates of up to 200 Mbps and the 3500 MHz band is being rolled out in high traffic areas such as stadiums and train stations, where it is able to support speeds of 1 Gbps.
Telefonica became Germany’s third mobile network operator to introduce 5G services in October 2020, when the network was activated in ten cities: Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Frankfurt, Cologne, Dusseldorf, Stuttgart, Essen and Potsdam. Telefonica’s 5G network in the 3.6 GHz band will have grown from 450 antennas to over 6,000 to cover more than 30% of the population by the end of 2021. The operator expects to reach around 50% by the end of 2022 and the whole country by 2025. In rural areas, the company will use Dynamic Spectrum Sharing.
Greek mobile operator Wind Hellas announced in December 2020 that it switched on its 5G mobile network a few days after winning frequencies in the country’s multi-band 5G spectrum auction. The network was initially covering Athens and Thessaloniki, while coverage of other major cities is expected in 2021. The operator said that 5G population coverage is expected to exceed 60% within three years.
Cosmote launched its commercial 5G services in December 2020 in Athens, Thessaloniki and other Greek cities, with speeds exceeding 1 Gbps in certain areas. In March 2021, the operator expanded its 5G network to cover 17 cities, including 90% of the population of the country’s two largest cities, Athens and Thessaloniki. The company is aiming to increase coverage to over 50% of the population by the end of 2021. Vodafone Greece
In January 2021, Vodafone Greece became the country’s third mobile operator to switch on its 5G network. The services were available in parts of Athens and Thessaloniki, with 40% of the population expected to be covered by March 2022.
In October 2019, Vodafone Hungary launched a commercial 5G service limited to Budapest, using its existing 3.5 GHz spectrum and ahead of Hungary’s March 2020 licence auction where it won additional 3.5 GHz frequencies plus a 700 MHz licence. In March 2021, the operator announced that its 5G network was available ‘in most of Budapest’.
In late June 2020, the operator announced plans to roll out 5G services in six cities, focusing on the busiest parts of inner cities and around universities. The rollouts will increase the number of Vodafone 5G base stations to about 300.
The operator launched commercial 5G mobile network services in April 2020 in partnership with Ericsson. The network was available in limited areas of Budapest and Puskas Ferenc stadium. By September 2020, the network was available in parts 18 cities and towns including Zalaegerszeg, Szombathely, Debrecen, Szeged and Kecskemét.
Vodafone Ireland launched 5G services in August 2019 in selected areas of five Irish cities, including Dublin and Waterford using the 3.5 GHz band. In May 2020, the operator communicated that the 5G network was live in Cork, Dublin, Galway, Limerick and Waterford.
In early December 2019, Eir launched its 5G service in 10 towns and cities using the 3.5 GHz band. By January 2020, 5G services were available in 20 towns and cities. In February 2021, Eir confirmed that its 5G network covered 55% of the population, with infrastructure available in 239 towns and cities via more than 800 base stations.
In late September 2020, Three Ireland started offering 5G commercial services with Ericsson’s equipment in a total of 315 sites across Ireland, reaching 35% of population coverage using the 3.7 GHz band. The operator expects to add a further 500 5G-capable sites in 2021. Ericsson announced that the 5G network is powered by the vendor’s fully virtualised 5G Core and the latest products and solutions from its Radio System portfolio.
Vodafone Italy launched its commercial 5G services in 5 cities on 6 June 2019 (Milan, Rome, Turin, Bologna and Naples). In Turin, the Vodafone network covered 80% of the city with 120 cell sites. The number of cities with 5G availability is meant to increase up to 100 by the end of 2021. The operator inked a network sharing 5G deal with Telecom Italia in early 2019.
TIM launched its 5G service on June 24th, 2019 in parts of Rome and Turin, Naples followed in July 2019. As of late March 2020, 5G services were available in Bologna, Brescia, Florence, Genoa, Milan, Naples, Turin, and Rome. In August 2020, the network was available in a total of ten cities. The company announced plans to reach 120 cities by the end of 2021.
Wind Tre launched its 5G network in around ten regional capitals in October 2020. The operator announced in January 2021 it had rolled out 5G networks in 59 Italian provinces and eight additional provincial capitals, covering around 73.7% of the population.
Iliad Italia switched on its 5G network in 27 Italian cities in December 2020. The operator launched what it could be a highly disruptive offer in Italia, a 5G called Flash 70 for under 10 EUR for a limited period only, until January 21, 2021. The operator did not say what the price will be after the offer period.
Latvian Mobile Telephone launched 5G network in July 2019, with limited availability. In January 2020, commercial 5G services were extended to the cities of Jelgava and Daugavpils.
Tele2 Latvia commercially launched 5G services in Daugavpils and Jelgava in January 2020. The operator said any customer with a compatible device could use the 5G network. By September 2020, the network was available in Riga, Jurmala, and Valmiera. In January 2021, the operator announced plans to expand its 5G network with the deployment of base stations in 13 more cities over the course of 2021.
The operator confirmed the network was activated in November 2020 covering Luxembourg City and surrounding areas, such as Bertrange, Strassen, Kirchberg and the airport. Orange subscribers can access 5G services at no extra charge as part of their existing mobile plans.
Luxembourg mobile network operator Tango launched 5G services in November 2020. The 5G network was initially available in Luxembourg City before being deployed in other larger towns from early 2021. All customers can benefit from the new 5G network with their current mobile subscription, reaching speeds of up to 1 Gbps.
The operator activated its 5G network in late April 2020 across more than half of the Netherlands. VodafoneZiggo announced plans to cover all of the Netherlands by late 2020. In partnership with Ericsson, the operator implemented 5G services via its existing antennas and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing technology which allows operators to dynamically allocate some of their existing 4G LTE spectrum to 5G. More specifically, the company is using 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz bands.
The company notes that the mobile data download speeds that 5G can offer using its existing spectrum reach a maximum of 1 Gbps, although it adds that in practice the 5G data rates experienced by initial customers will be on average 10% higher than the 4G speeds (maximum of 350 Mbps) they were previously getting.
In late July 2020, T-Mobile Netherlands launched its 5G mobile network in The Hague and ‘most of the Netherlands’. The operator confirmed that its initial 5G network is based on its new 700 MHz spectrum, with existing subscribers to its Unlimited and Unlimited Plus subscriptions automatically receiving 5G access on suitable devices. The company announced in January 2021 that it reached 90% 5G population coverage. KPN
KPN launched commercial 5G services the same day as T-Mobile, in late July 2020 using its 700 MHz spectrum band. The network covered over 90% of the top five Dutch cities, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht,
and Eindhoven, reaching approximately half of the Netherlands’ population. The operator plans to offer nationwide 5G coverage by the end of 2021. KPN announced that B2B customers will be able to purchase special 5G-only services including coverage-on-demand, application priority and guaranteed bandwidth.
Polish operator launched the country’s first commercial 5G mobile network in May 2020. The network used 100 base stations in the 2.6 GHz band, providing 5G services in seven cities and to about 900 000 people: Warsaw, Gdansk, Katowice, Lodz, Poznan, Szczecin and Wroclaw. Polkomtel communicated there were 5.2 million people covered by its 5G networks at the end of November 2020. The company is planning to have coverage of eleven million Poles in 150 cities and towns with 1,700 base stations by the end of 2021.
The operator launched 5G services via 1,600 base stations, using the 2.1 GHz band and covering up to six million people in July 2020. T-Mobile aimed to cover by the end of June 2020, Warsaw, Lodz, Krakow, Poznan, Wroclaw, Plock, Opole, Czestochowa, Rzeszow, Bielsko-Biala and Kielce. The network uses the 2.1 GHz band.
The operator announced the launch of its commercial 5G services in June 2020 over 50 base stations in 16 cities using the 2.1 GHz band.
Vodafone launched 5G services in Romania on 26 June 2019 in areas of three cities. Customers could choose two 5G plans: The Red Infinity 17 with unlimited 5G data at EUR 17 per month and Red Infinity 25 with unlimited 5G data and more services at EUR 25 per month.
RCS&RDS (Digi) announced its first 5G commercial service in June 2019, in areas of six cities. The company offered two 5G compatible smartphones: the Xiaomi Mi Mix 3 5G and the Huawei Mate 20x 5G.
In November 2019, Orange Romania launched 5G in Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca and Iasi. The operator announced in January 2020 the expansion of its 5G network to Brasov and Poiana Brasov.
In late August 2020, Orange Romania announced its 5G network in Bucharest had been expanded to cover the entire city, enabling 100% of its population to access download speeds of up to 1.2 Gbps. The network was also expanded to Mamaia and Timisoara.
Slovak Telekom became the country’s first operator to launch commercial 5G services in December 2020. Services were available in eight districts of Bratislava. ST announced that customers can expect download speeds of between 300 Mbps and 600 Mbps, and between 60 Mbps and 80 Mbps for upload. The operator is utilizing 15 MHz of frequencies in the 2.1 GHz band, in combination with LTE spectrum.
Telekom Slovenije launched the first commercial 5G network in Slovenia in July 2020. The mobile operator upgraded 150 4G base stations to support 5G and announced that it provided coverage to approximately 25% of the population. By the end of 2020, Telekom Slovenije expected to surpass 33% coverage.
Ericsson announced that Telekom Slovenije is using its Radio Access Network (RAN) and Cloud Core solutions for its 5G commercial rollout. Ericsson also assisted with a software installation to existing Ericsson Radio System and packet core equipment, which enables spectrum sharing between 4G and 5G on 2.6 GHz FDD spectrum.
Vodafone Spain launched its commercial 5G services at 3.7 GHz in 15 cities in June 2019 with initial speeds of up to 1 Gbps. At launch, the service was reaching approximately 50% coverage in each of the 15 cities.
Vodafone Spain activated in June 2020 its 5G network in a total of 21 cities. The company had previously said that it was working with Huawei and Ericsson in the deployment of the 5G network.
Telefonica announced in September 2020 the switched on of its 5G network in unspecified Spanish locations. The network utilises 3.5 GHz spectrum, alongside re-farmed 1800 MHz and 2.1 GHz frequencies. Telefonica announced it awarded Finnish vendor Nokia the contract to increase 5G coverage up to 75% of the Spanish population by year-end 2020. Nokia is the only vendor to supply 5G radio technology to all of Telefonica’s 5G operations across Europe.
In September 2020, Orange Spain launched 5G mobile services using the 3.5 GHz band in selected parts of five cities, namely: Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville and Malaga, predominantly in central areas. Orange covered around 30% of each city. The operator announced in March 2021 that its 5G network covered 295 municipalities across 38 provinces, equivalent to population coverage of 23%. The telco expects its 5G service to reach more than 400 cities by the end of 2021, providing coverage of over 51% of the population. In 2022, coverage is expected to reach 90%, via a combination of NSA 5G architecture and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing technology.
The Ericsson Radio System, delivering Massive MIMO, powers the 3.6 GHz 5G network in Madrid and Barcelona. Ericsson also supplies Orange Spain with a 5G Evolved Packet Core to support the 5G New Radio non-standalone 5G network.
In September 2020, Grupo MASMOVIL became the fourth Spanish operator to launch 5G services, after switching on connectivity in 15 cities. The carrier said that the 5G service is being offered via a combination of its own infrastructure and an agreement with rival operator Orange.
Tele2 switched on 5G networks in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmo on May 24, using 80 MHz of the 3.6 GHz spectrum band. The operator communicated in November 2020 that it expanded its 5G network to 30 new locations. The firm said that speeds of up to 1 Gbps are available at most 5Genabled locations.
Telia Sweden announced in May 2020 that its 5G network was active through 15 base stations in Stockholm, using its existing 700 MHz spectrum, boosted by LTE and New Radio carrier aggregation. In December 2020, the operator announced that its 5G network was available in 20 cities. The company is working with local partner Ericsson, which confirmed it is providing radio access network products and solutions. Certified by the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation, the 5G network is powered by 100 % renewable energy.
In late June 2020, Tre Sweden announced the commercial launch of 5G services in Malmo, Lund, Uppsala, Helsingborg, Vasteras and large parts of Stockholm. The operator activated 385 5G base stations, 200 of which are in Stockholm, and expected to cover most of the centre of the capital by the end of August.
Telenor Sweden launched commercial 5G services in central Stockholm in October 2020, becoming the fourth 5G network in the country. The operator said its network will provide internet access at 1 Gbps to customers with a compatible handset and a Telenor 5G-ready 30 GB, 75 GB, or unlimited subscription. 5G network coverage is available in at least half of the city centre. The operator intends to widen its footprint in the capital while also adding connectivity in Malmo and Gothenburg before expanding the rollout to towns with a population of over 50,000. Telenor also said that it expects its 5G network to cover 99% of Sweden’s population by 2023.
2. Rest of Europe
Telenor Norge began offering a commercial 5G service in March 2020, becoming the first operator in the country to do so. The 5G network initially available in nine locations across the country: Kongsberg, Elverum, Bodo, Askvoll, Fornebu, Kvitfjell, Spikersuppa, Oslo and Trondheim. In November 2020, Telenor launched an FWA 5G service.
In May 2020, Telia launched 5G for customers in Lillestrøm and parts of Groruddalen in Oslo, with plans to expand to other areas during 2020. In November 2020, Telia launched an FWA 5G service.
In Switzerland, Sunrise announced partial 5G commercial launch in March 2019 and full launch in September 2019. Swisscom launched in April 2019. At launch, Swisscom’s network encompassed 100 sites in 50 cities and villages. The Swiss operator was targeting more than 90 percent population coverage by the end of 2019.
EE launched 5G services in May 2019 across six cities, including some areas of London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Belfast, Birmingham, and Manchester. The network had targeted to bring 5G connectivity in 45 cities and large towns by the end of 2019.
As of June 2020, EE’s 5G service was live in 80 towns and cities across the country, announced the UK carrier. The company is using a Non-standalone 5G New Radio deployment focused on using the combined power of 4G and 5G technologies. In a second phase from 2022, it will introduce the full 5G core network, enhanced device chipset capabilities, and increased availability of 5G-ready spectrum. A third phase, beginning in 2023, will introduce Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), network slicing and multi-gigabit-per-second speeds.
In January 2021, EE announced that it was offering 5G connectivity in a total of 125 towns and cities across the country.
Three UK (FWA)
Three UK launched its 5G network for smartphone users in February 2020 in 65 locations, including parts of London, Cardiff, Glasgow, Manchester, Birmingham, Coventry and Nottingham. The 5G network went live earlier in August 2019. It was available in central London and to Three Broadband service users only.
In March 2021, Three UK issued a network update, revealing that it had 1,250 5G sites in operation across 193 towns and cities, up from around 1,000 at the end of 2020. Further, it expects ‘hundreds of more sites’ to come online before the end of 2021 and notes that its 5G home broadband services now cover 1.6 million premises.
Vodafone launched 5G services in the UK in July 2019 in seven cities. It planned to offer 5G services in twelve additional UK cities by ear-end 2019. Vodafone UK confirmed in July 2020 that its 5G network footprint at that date covered a total of 44 locations, while it also claimed to have ‘massively expanded’ coverage in launch cities.
Telefonica (O2) became in October 2019, the latest mobile operator to switch on its 5G network in the UK. Services were available in six cities and towns: Cardiff, Belfast, Edinburgh, Leeds, London, and Slough. As of June 2020, the 5G network was live across parts of 60 towns and cities in the country, up from 20 at the start of 2020.
The company revealed in January 2021 that it was offering 5G services in in over 150 towns and cities nationwide. Telefonica also noted that it has increased its 5G coverage footprint ‘significantly’ in bigger cities such as London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Bristol, Liverpool, and Manchester.
3. South Korea
SK Telecom, LGU+ and KT launched 5G services in December 2018 for business customers and in April 2019 for residential users.
MNOs announced in July 2018 their intention to jointly launch 5G in March 2019. This intention arrived one year after a first agreement signed in April 2018 on a shared 5G deployment and network. This first agreement’s intention aimed at avoiding a very costly launch campaign when 4G came to reality back in 2011 and generating heavy cost savings of nearly 1 billion USD over the next ten years.
The Korean government announced that operators had deployed in early 2020 a total of 115,000 5G base stations across the country.
The country ended January 2021 with 12.87 million 5G subscribers, according to data from the Ministry of Science and ICT. South Korean telcos are expecting a big surge in 5G adoption in 2021, according to local press, with top wireless carrier SK Telecom aiming to have 9 million 5G users by the end of 2021, and smaller rival LG Uplus targeting 4 million.
At the end of January 2021, total mobile subscriptions in the Asian nation stood at 70.69 million, with 4G subscriptions at 51.9 million, down 660,000 compared to December 2020. As of early 2021, South Korean telecom operators provide 5G services via NSA 5G networks and are mostly in large cities. The companies are preparing to commercialize new technology, such as Standalone versions of the 5G networks and millimeter-wave 5G.
The operator launched its 5G service on the 3.6 GHz band at the end of May 2019 as it had switched on over 200 5G sites since August 2018. The 5G service was available in over 10 cities, twenty-five additional cities were expected to be covered before end-June 2020. The operator announced it was ahead of its target and 5G services were available in 47 cities across the country by summer 2020.
Telstra and Swedish vendor Ericsson announced collaboration agreements to provide 5G equipment and upgrade Telstra’s network.
In September 2020, the operator announced that it had more than 1,500 5G sites in operation across selected areas of 53 cities and towns covering around ten million people.
In January 2021, the Australian operator announced that its 5G network covered 50% of the country’s population and that it plans to increase coverage to 75% before the end of June 2021.
Telstra previously acquired spectrum in the 3.6 GHz auction for AUD 386 million (EUR 240 million), giving it 60 MHz of contiguous 5G spectrum in all major capital cities and between 50 MHz and 80 MHz in regional areas.
Rival mobile network operator Optus announced the commercial launch of 5G mobile and 5G residential fixed broadband services covering selected areas in November 2019. 290 5G base stations went live in Sydney, Canberra, Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth and other locations in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland, noting that 1,200 sites were planned by March 2020. The telco failed to achieve that target and announced in January 2021 it had 1,000 active 5G base stations.
Optus is using equipment from both Ericsson and Nokia in its rollout of 5G. The company secured spectrum in the 3.6 GHz spectrum auction for AUD 185 million (EUR 110 million) in late 2018.
The telco switched on, in March 2020, its first 5G sites in Parramatta and confirmed plans to expands its network in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Canberra and Perth in summer 2020.
NTT DOCOMO launched Japan’s first 5G smartphone service on March 25, 2020. The network was live in 150 areas in the country covering 29 of Japan’s 47 prefectures. By March 2021, more than 500 cities are expected to have access to the next-generation network. The operator expects to reach 10,000 5G sites by June 2021 and 20,000 by March 2022.
KDDI launched 5G mobile services in 15 of Japan’s 47 prefectures on March 26, 2020. The operator said it aimed to install 10,000 base transceiver stations by March 2021 and another 10,000 BTS by the end of March 2022. By 2025, the company plans to cover 93% of the populated areas of the country, as well as install 30,107 base stations in the 3.7 GHz and 4.5 GHz spectrum bands and 12,756 base stations in the 28 GHz band.
SoftBank turned on its 5G network on March 27, 2020. 5G mobile services were available in selected areas in seven prefectures across Japan. The operator aims to install over 10,000 5G base stations by the end of March 2023. By 2025, the company plans to expand its network to roughly 64% of the populated areas of the country and install 7,355 base stations in the 3.7 GHz and 4.5 GHz spectrum bands and 3,855 base stations in the 28 GHz band.
SoftBank and KDDI teamed together to speed up 5G rollout in rural areas. To this end, they announced on April 1st, 2020 the setup of a joint venture, 5G JAPAN. The joint venture’s goal is to promote infrastructure sharing based on the mutual use of base station assets held by the two companies. The initial capital of the joint venture will be 500 million JPY (4.24 million EUR) and each operator will own 50% of the stakes.
Greenfield operator Rakuten launched commercial 5G services in late September 2020 in certain areas across six prefectures of the country. The service initially offered via Non-Stand Alone (NSA) 5G architecture, was available in parts of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Hokkaido, Osaka and Hyogo. Rakuten Mobile’s President Yoshihisa Yamada said that the operator is expecting the 5G to be available in Japan’s all 47 prefectures by end-March 2021. Rakuten claims to have launched the world’s first fully virtualized mobile network that uses lower-cost and more up-to-date cloud and software technologies. The operator expects to launch a Stand-Alone 5G network in the second quarter of 2021.
The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications planned to start allowing certain 4G frequencies to be converted to 5G this summer, which would let providers use existing base stations to power 5G networks.
In December 2018, China issued test licences to players for national 5G trials until June 2020 (China Telecom: 3.4-3.5 GHz, China Unicom: 3.5-3.6 GHz, 260 MHz on 2515-2675 MHz and 4800-4900 MHz). The country awarded four 5G licences to China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom and China Broadcasting Network, earlier in June 2019, faster than anticipated.
China Mobile, China Telecom and China Unicom launched 5G services on November 1st, 2019. Each player activated their network in 50 cities at launch, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Tianjin, Wuhan, Jinan, and Zhengzhou. In early October 2019, the three major mobile operators had already registered almost 9 million 5G users before the official launch. China Mobile announced 5.32 million subscribers, China Telecom hit 1.76 million subs, and China Unicom was right in line with 1.75 million users.
China Mobile announced it ended November 2020 with a total of 147.4 million 5G subscribers, compared to 6.7 million 5G customers in January 2020. Rival operator China Telecom added 7.6 million subscribers in November 2020 to take its total 5G subscribers base to 79.5 million. China Unicom has not revealed its 5G numbers. Not all “5G package subscribers” announced by the players are in possession of a 5G-capable handset. This overstates the actual 5G user numbers.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced that by April 2020, telecommunications companies had built more than 250,000 5G base stations across the country. By September 2020, the number of base stations built was 500,000.
The tech hub, often referred to as China’s answer to Silicon Valley, was home to about 46,000 5G cell sites as of September 2020.
In early 2021, China Mobile announced it ended the first month of the year with a total of 168.97 million 5G subscribers, compared to 6.7 million 5G customers in January 2020. The carrier have deployed over 385,000 5G base stations nationwide, according to local press reports. Rival operator China Telecom added 10.67 million 5G subscribers in January 2021 to take its total 5G subscribers base to 97.17 million. China Unicom has not revealed its 5G subscribers numbers.
China’s vice-minister of industry and information technology communicated in early 2021 that a total of 718,000 5G base stations were built in China in 2020, accounting for ‘nearly 70% of the world’s total 5G sites’. About 100,000 5G base stations were built in 2019. In 2021, local carriers are expected to deploy approximately 600,000 5G base stations, according to recent reports.
Local operators said that they already provide 5G coverage in all Chinese cities at prefecture level and above. The Chinese government has been encouraging 5G partnerships to boost efficiency and accelerate network rollouts.
In September 2019, China Telecom and China Unicom agreed to share their 5G SA infrastructure. The deal could save about 9 billion EUR in construction investment by preliminary estimate. In May 2020, China Mobile signed a 5G network sharing agreement with China Broadcasting Network, which jointly fund and deploy a network over the 700 MHz frequency.
Verizon 5G Home service was launched in October 2018 in limited areas of four US cities (Houston, Sacramento, Indianapolis, Los Angeles). The telco noted that the platform can deliver peak speeds of up to 1 Gbps, although users could expect ‘typical’ speeds of around
300 Mbps. In early October 2020, the service was also available in Chicago, Detroit, Saint Paul and Minneapolis and by the end of 2020, the technology was available in ten cities nationwide.
The operator launched its 5G mobile services in selected areas of Chicago and Minneapolis in April 2019 using millimetre-wave spectrum. As of September 2020, the 5G mobile network was available in about 35 cities across the country and in December 2020 in 61. In October 2020, the company switched on its 5G network utilizing Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) technology, which allows 5G to run simultaneously on the same spectrum band as 4G. Verizon total footprint increased to 230 million people and covered 2,700 towns and cities.
The company launched its ‘5G E’ mobile services in certain parts of selected cities in December 2018, using the 39 GHz frequency range. In April 2020, the company had rollout out its 5G network in the 850 MHz band in over 190 markets, covering about 120 million people. AT&T’s faster mm-wave network branded ‘5G+’ was launched for consumer access in March 2020, offering coverage in parts of 35 cities.
In late July 2020, AT&T announced that its 5G network using the 850 MHz band was available to 205 million consumers across the country. By November 2020, AT&T’s 5G network reached more than 225 million people in about ‘14,000 cities and towns across the U.S.’.
In July 2019, T-Mobile USA pre-launched its 5G services in selected parts of six US cities (Atlanta, Cleveland, New York City, Los Angeles, Dallas, and Las Vegas) using the 28 GHz band.
In December 2019 T-Mobile switched on its 5G network using the 600 MHz frequency band. The deployment covered more than 200 million people and more than 5 000 cities and towns across the country. In January 2021, the operator announced its 5G network covered 280 million people, equivalent to more than 84% of the population. It should however be noted that data rates available with the 600 MHz spectrum alone is lower than the data rates provided by 4G services.
In late September 2020, T-Mobile US covered a total of 210 towns and cities using its 2.5 GHz band, the former Sprint spectrum. In November 2020, the operator communicated it had nearly double the number of locations with access to 2.5 GHz 5G connectivity, about 400, and that it planned to cover 100 million people by the end of 2020.
T-Mobile partnered with Cisco and Nokia to build its 5G core and Ericsson and Nokia for its 5G radio infrastructure.
T-Mobile USA and Sprint Merger
Sprint and T-Mobile officially merged into one company in April 2020. T-Mobile started to expand its network with spectrum re-farmed from Sprint in the 2.5 GHz band and opened nationwide 5G access for Sprint customers in the 600 MHz and mm-wave bands.
Sprint had launched 5G services in May 2019 in three cities (Atlanta, Dallas Fort Worth, and Kansas City). In July 2019, it extended services to Chicago and in September 2019 to selected parts of Los Angeles, New York City, Phoenix and Washington DC. The Sprint 5G Non-Standalone network in the 2.5 GHz band was using massive 128-antenna MIMO equipment to be able to operate 4G at the same time.
8. Other countries
Batelco and STC announced that they had launched 5G services in June 2019. Batelco announced in October 2020 that its 5G network now covers 95% of the Kingdom’s population across all four governorates. In January 2020, STC’s 5G network was expanded to cover 50% of Bahrain’s territory.
In July 2020, Telefonica launched its 5G network in selected parts of eight state capitals, namely: Sao Paulo, Salvador, Brasilia, Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Goiania, Curitiba, and Belo Horizonte. Rival Claro also launched 5G services in selected zones of in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro in July 2020.
Claro launched its 5G network in July 2020 using a combination of 700 MHz, 1800 MHz and 2.5 GHz spectrum in areas in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The operator announced plans to expand its 5G service in 12 additional cities before the end of 2020.
The operator started offering 5G services in March 2020 in parts of Vancouver, Toronto, Ottawa, and Montreal using equipment from Ericsson. In October 2020, the company announced the expansion of its 5G network to a total of 130 towns and cities. Rogers also disclosed that it added 600 MHz and AWS (1700 MHz) band frequencies to its original 2.5 GHz 5G commercial spectrum, having switched on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) technology in a number of its new and existing 5G locations.
In December 2020 Rogers announced that it was starting to roll out Canada’s first 5G standalone (SA) core network, in partnership with Ericsson, initially to serve Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto and Vancouver, aiming to support future devices and chipsets as they become available.
Bell started the construction of its 5G network in February 2020, using equipment from Finnish vendor Nokia. The carrier also selected Ericsson 5G Radio Access Network (RAN) technology to support its nationwide 5G mobile and fixed wireless access deployment. The operator launched commercial 5G services in Montreal, The Greater Toronto Area, Calgary, Edmonton, and Vancouver. In February 2021, the operator reported that the 5G network was available in more than 150 centres (cities and smaller communities) covering 24% of the Canadian population. Bell is targeting 5G population coverage of roughly 50% by end-2021.
The third largest operator by mobile subscribers, Telus, announced in June 2020, the selection of European vendors Ericsson and Nokia to build its 5G network. In June 2020, the operator announced the roll-out of its 5G network in Vancouver, Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton, and the Greater Toronto Area. The company planned to continue to expand to an additional 26 markets across Canada throughout the remainder of 2020. As of February 2021, Telus’ 5G presence reached over 50 towns and cities across the country. The mobile operator also revealed that it selected South Korea’s Samsung as a network infrastructure partner to provide ‘transformational 5G mobile services’.
HKT, Hutchison 3 and China Mobile Hong Kong (CMHK) launched 5G services on April 1, 2020. CMHK announced its 5G network covers over 90% of the main areas of Hong Kong Island. HKT said coverage will initially reach 11 of the territory’s 18 districts.
The Indian government is strongly backing 5G deployment, but 5G is still in the early stages of reflection. The Department of Telecom (DoT) is harmonizing spectrum in the 3.3-3.6 GHz and 26 GHz bands, along with the 71-76 GHz, the 81-86 GHz and the 57-64 GHz frequency ranges as 5G candidate bands. A reasonable target for 5G launch is 2022.
Pelephone announced the launch of its commercial 5G services in 150 locations in October 2020, including Tel Aviv, Haifa, Ra’anana, Dimona and Kiryat Shmona.
All the three MNOs in Kuwait launched 5G services in July 2019.
Vodafone New Zealand launched 5G services in parts of Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, and Queenstown in December 2019. In March 2021, Vodafone New Zealand announced 5G mobile and broadband services were available in parts of Tauranga.
Spark launched 5G service in July 2020 in Palmerston North and promised four more locations will be added before the end of the year. By March 2021, 5G services were available in six cities.
Omantel launched 5G home services in December 2019. The network covered parts of about 17 cities and towns. The operator launched 5G mobile services in February 2021 in parts of over 7 locations. Ooredoo followed and launch 5G services in May 2020 in over 6 cities and towns.
Globe Telecom launched 5G FWA services in June 2019 in parts of Bulacan, Cavite City, and Rizal. PLDT launched its 5G mobile network in the main business districts of Metropolitan Manila in late July 2020. Smart Communications launched its 5G network in September 2020.
Ooredoo in Qatar claimed in May 2018 to be the first world player to launch 5G nationally with 50 sites registered late in July 2018. Ooredoo seemed to be providing 5G wTTH (wireless To The Home) services in the 3.5 GHz spectrum range domestically with very few compatible devices available. In July 2019, the operator launched its 5G mobile network and by September 2020 the coverage reached ‘more than 90% of populated areas in Qatar.
Vodafone Qatar launched 5G services in August 2019.
The SA Kingdom set up a national 5G task force to prepare the foundations for a large-scale 5G rollout before the end of 2019.
Zain and STC launched 5G services in June 2019. By February 2021, Zain’s 5G network covered 44 cities across the country and STC 5G services were available in 22 cities.
M1 announced that it switched on its 5G non-standalone network in Singapore in September 2020. Coverage was available in Singapore’s central business district, and other selected areas. The operator announced plans to extend coverage to the rest of the country’s key urban areas/towns by the end-2020.
In May 2020, Vodacom turned on 5G in Johannesburg, Pretoria, and Cape Town. Wider coverage is expected throughout the year. MTN rolled out 5G services in areas of Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Edenvale, Johannesburg, Hopetown, Queenstown, Port Elizabeth, Port Alfred in July 2020. Rain launched 5G services in areas of Cape Town, Johannesburg & Tshwane in July 2020.
In March 2020, Advanced Info Service (AIS) launched 5G services on the 2.6 GHz range it acquired from auction concluded the same month. By February 2021, the network covered 200 locations and had 5,400 base stations.
True launched commercial 5G services were launched in March 2020 via 400 BTS in the 2.6 GHz band, while the 700 MHz band was enabled in January 2021 and 5G in the 26 GHz range was added in February 2021. By March 2021, True offered 5G connectivity in 355 locations in all 77 provinces.
DTAC commenced commercial 5G services in the 700 MHz band in December 2020. As of February 2021, 5G is offered in six provinces.
Taiwan Mobile launched 5G services in July 2020 in major cities via 2,000 base stations. Taiwan Star launched its commercial 5G services in August 2020. 5G coverage in Taiwan’s major metropolitan areas has reached 50% and is expected to top 80% by the end of 2020. APT launch 5G commercial services in October 2020 in ‘parts of densely populated areas.
Du announced the rollout in 2018 of a limited 5G network. In June 2019, its 5G services using the 3.5 GHz and 2.6 GHz bands were launched and by February 2021, it had 200 base stations in main urban areas. Etisalat’s planned to roll out 5G commercial fixed devices in September 2018.
In May 2019, 5G mobile services were available and by February 2021, the network was available in main urban areas.
Antel launched a commercial 5G network in April 2019, in Manantiales, though limited in reach.


The nexus s is a phone that is been created by the Samsung electronics with the mutual co-operation of both Google and Samsung, nexus s using the android operating software makes it the first ever smart phone to do so. Google working with Samsung in order to make a phone is just the second time event which has happened indeed in the recent past.
CEO of Google Eric Schmidt officially announced the arrival of nexus s on December 6 of 2010; the phone was launched in the market of US on 16th of December while on 22nd of December it was launched in UK. Many cellular networks were eager to bring nexus s on their network, one of which was sprint which had declared that it’s also in line to bring the nexus s smart phone made by Google to its network, while in the united kingdom the Vodafone took the initiative and declared that it is willing to sell nexus s in the UK market.
India being not far behind unlike US and UK, Samsung officially launched the phone with fantastic LCD screen supporting GSM throughout the country. The memory of the nexus s is nothing less than 512 mb RAM with iNAND memory of 16 GB, which is partly divided as internal storage of 1 GB but does not support external memory as there is no expansion slot.
Now coming to the Telstra phones, Telstra is a company from Australia which was controlled by the PMG department and a separate commission was made in order to replace the PMG. Telstra phones made by the Telstra Company were further divided in three parts which were known as T1, T2 and T3. One third of the share of the Telstra company making Telstra phones and providing telecommunication networks was sold for a whopping 14 billion $ and was afterwards listed in the Australian stock exchange.
Telstra phones made by Telstra company is now set to cover almost 98 percent of the population of Australia and is said to be the next G network using 850 MHZ band operating within 2100MHZ. The company uses 850 mhz of frequency which in turn helps the rural areas to have a very good range of upto 200 km it also provides HSDPA along with enhanced speed download on your cell phone, it also provides the customers with features like tv channels and songs download etc. Telstra phones can also be connected to other devices via Bluetooth and supports wireless modems.
Therefore now looking at the history and features of both the companies its not easy to decide which company to go for in order to satisfy a user needs but different perspectives differ from person to person, one may think that nexus s the phone made by Google is a better choice while some may say it’s better to go for Telstra phones but at the end of the day the choice is yours and only you can decide.
Are Gadgets lover then this is the right place for your get choose from over 3000 latest gadgets every month. Some of the most popular gadgets are nexus s and Telstra phones.
There are several brands of cell phones available in the marketplace. They offered in wide range of prices with distinct features and style. The safety of the expensive cell phone is of foremost concern to the user which can be ensured by cell phone accessories. More >>
Leading mobile network provider 3 offers a range of innovative deals and packages on calls, mobile broadband and more to open up more avenues of communication at an instance. More >>
Technology has become an important part of our lives. The most used technology is obviously a smart phone. Everyone, from school going children to elderly use a cell phone to make calls, emails, messages, play games, click photos and many other activities. More >>
If you are looking to get some powerful and feature-rich android health applications that offer some tips and guide related to your health, in this article you can find three most powerful health applications that you need to download in your device. More >>
3, one of the leading mobile network providers in the UK, has a variety of pay monthly phones and packages to choose from according to your individual requirements and text and calls usage. More >>
The HD2 HTC puts the "smart" in smartphone. Windows Mobile operating system, 5 MP camera and a 4.3-inch screen are just the tip of the iceberg for this smartphone features More >>
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disposable cell phones were very far from reality when commercial cellular phones found their way into the market. Cell phones More >>


By Jack Mayne If Burien residents fear potential illnesses from electromagnetic waves from new cellular antennas being sought for the city, complain to your U.S. Senator or Congressman â€“ because your Burien City Council is powerless to help you. Many Burien residents, especially those around the eastern part of Lake Burien, will find it useless to complain because only the Federal Communications Commission has any control over cell towers. Federal law prohibits cities, counties or the state from banning such facilities on any local basis. In other news, Burien Police Chief Ted Boe also honored three officers for outstanding service and in one case for a brother killed by illegal drugs. City canâ€™t outlaw new towers A new wave of small antenna cellular telephone antennas mounted on power poles stirred concerns after a number of Lake Burien residents complained to the city about the potential of illness from electromagnetic waves. The concerns came after Verizon sought city permission to establish small antennas on power poles in the area. A large number of the complaints were about the potential health impacts from â€œnon-ionizing electromagnetic radiation emission from telecommunication facilities,â€ said Community Development Director Chip Davis, but the federal Telecommunications Act specifically â€œpreempts local zoning and land use decisions that are premised directly or indirectly on the health effects of radio frequency emissions.â€ The FCC says that that potential health hazard is part of its â€œcompliance reviewâ€ and specifically not the business of local governments. Any matters of health would have to be submitted to the federal government, Davis told the Council. City canâ€™t interfere Chip Davis told the council that the city has granted Verizon Wireless authority for small simple wireless systems, “the new wave of cell phone communications.â€ State law requires cities to permit the installation of small antennas on power poles and high locations, even in areas where poles have been removed. Since April 2018, three small antenna systems have been granted to Verizon in Burien, he said. Requests by Verizon for the Lake Burien area is in the administrative review public comment period that concluded on Aug. 1. â€œThe large number of comments received during the comment period have been conveyed to the applicant, Verizon, and will be addressed in the staff report which is being prepared,â€ said Davis. A decision on the Lake Burien small cell application will be published later in August and copies of the cityâ€™s decision will be sent to all those who commented on the application. Again, federal law specifically denies authority to regulate such communication systems so the city cannot tell Verizon or any other cellular company to change systems or deny their location in the city. Only the Federal Communications Commission has that authority. New city regulations Davis said the city will make a recommendation to the Council in October â€œbetter defining the review process for all types of wireless facilities that will be the focus of these amendments.â€ The three Verizon applications were decided on the current regulations, Davis said, adding that Verizon is â€œthe only carrier that has managed to achieve a franchise agreement with the City of Burien,â€ he said. The small cell antennas will often be attached to existing utility poles and have a range from 10 meters to a few kilometers. They are used by mobile cell operators to extend service coverage and increase network capacity as well as the continual demand for increased speed. What are small cell antennas? Earlier this year, the City of Des Moines hired an attorney to explain the new system. Scott Snyder of the Seattle law firm Ogden, Murphy, Wallace said because of the vintage of their inception developers â€œdid not anticipate that one of the major tools to allow the effective use of smart phones and other devices is through small cell deployment.â€ â€œWhether in your purse or pocket, that device is no longer a phone, its a computer and entertainment device and the amount of data that is used for video â€¦ and a wide variety of functions â€¦ has been growing exponentially,â€ Snyder said. The problem is that the large scale cell sites â€œare adequate combined with a cable backbone to provide the general infrastructure but there are gaps in the network,â€ Snyder said at a July (2018) meeting with the Des Moines Council. The same information applies to Burien and all smaller cities where demand is outstripping the infrastructure. â€œYou can have bars on your phone, but you wonâ€™t be able to download a movie for your child to watch when they are in a restaurant,â€ Snyder said. The â€œmacro sitesâ€ have holes in service that are filled by the coming â€œmicro cell sites, to allow the proper use of the devices we are talking about. Tall towers insufficient â€œMacro sites,â€ the tall towers â€œthat have been the backbone of the cellular industry â€¦ â€œare simply insufficient for a variety of reasons,â€ he said, so small cells are coming into use. The size of a new low power antenna on light and utility poles is 20 to 40 feet high, and a giant main antenna now used in various locations are 120 feet high. Snyder said there might be four small antennas affixed to a pole in the public right of way to give 360 degree service or just one or two for line of sight service. The question comes up time and again around the region about how many different companies will want their own antennas on a pole that is in the public right of way. Some suggested that the move to underground utility facilities could be impeded by the need for small cell antennas located where there used to be disappearing light and phone poles. Snyder added that the move back to poles to carry antennas is driven by â€œconsumer demand and it enables both the existing and future uses of those devicesâ€ that people used to call cell phones used only to call and talk. Burien Police awards Burien Police officers Earl Seratt, Austin Peterson and Paul Thompson (pictured above with Chief Boe) were presented the Lifesaver Award for saving a man on June 9 from an opioid overdose. He was unconscious and his breathing was shallow. They gave the victim injections of Naloxone, a medication designed to rapidly reverse opioid overdose. The two shots of the drug saved the personâ€™s life, Boe said. Boe also gave his first Commanderâ€™s Award since becoming police chief in Burien to undercover detective Scott Fitchett (pictured above), who investigated an opioid overdose homicide investigation that resulted in the charging of a supplier, the discovery of eight firearms and additional narcotics. The individual is awaiting federal drug charges, the chief said. Fitchett worked with the family and â€œnumerous other law enforcement unites and agencies to develop probably cause to charge the person who delivered the opioidsâ€ to two brothers, one of whom died.]]>
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Rogers’ July 8 Network Outage
On Friday July 8, Rogers Communications experienced a total network outage across both wireless and wireline service. Speculation was rampant on social media about the cause being a systemwide attack by China, or Russia or U.S. “hackivists” seeking to restore Roe v. Wade. Security systems were said to have been comprised across the board and in cities like Montreal and Toronto, Brinks vans and police cruisers could be seen hovering around banks in the financial districts.
The CEO of Rogers sent out an email on Sunday, to Rogers’ customers taking responsibility, saying:
“I want to share what we know about what happened on Friday. We now believe we’ve narrowed the cause to a network system failure following a maintenance update in our core network, which caused some of our routers to malfunction. We disconnected the specific equipment and redirected traffic, which allowed our network and services to come back online over time as we managed traffic volumes returning to normal levels.”
So much for blaming China, Russia and U.S. “hackivists.”


CCK Automations, Inc. is a premier manufacturer of IPC-A-610 certified printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs). Equipped with over 20 years of electronic product manufacturing experience, more than 100 highly skilled employees, and a broad selection of high-tech production machines, we have the knowledge, skills, and tools needed to produce PCB assemblies for nearly any customer, industry, or specialized need.
What Is a PCB Assembly?
The terms “PCB” and PCBA” are often incorrectly used interchangeably. PCBs—i.e., printed circuit boards—refer to the bare rigid, rigid-flex, or flexible component on which electrical or electronic components are mounted and connected by engraved conductive pathways. They have the circuit pattern printed on them, but the electrical and electronic components are not yet attached. The process of attaching and soldering the necessary components to the printed circuit board is known as PCB assembly. The fully assembled circuit board is then referred to as a printed circuit board assembly.
How Are PCB Assemblies Created?
PCB manufacturers rely on three methods to turn PCBs into PCB assemblies:
- Plated Through-Hole (PTH) Assembly: PTH assembly is used for electronic components that contain leads. These leads are inserted into plated holes in the PCB, then soldered into place.
- Surface Mount Assembly: Surface-mount components come with metal tabs that are soldered directly onto the surface of the PCB. The primary benefit is a quicker installation process, but surface mounting also allows for higher circuit densities. With PTH components, each component takes up space on both sides of the PCB, whereas a surface-mount component only occupies a region on one side.
- Electromechanical Assembly: Electromechanical assembly—also referred to as box-build assembly—involves all of the assembly work involved in manufacturing electromechanical assemblies other than making the PCB component. Manufacturers use various elements, such as wire harnesses, cable assemblies, and molded plastics, to attach the electronic components to the PCB.
All of these PCB assembly processes require significant attention to detail as any lack of accuracy or precision can affect the performance of the electronic device in which the finished PCBA is installed.
What Materials Make Up a PCB Assembly?
PCBs consist of several layers—the substrate, the conductive pathways, the solder mask, and the silkscreen—each of which is made from different materials.
- Substrate: The substrate is the base layer of the PCB. It can be made from rigid, rigid-flex, or flexible materials, depending on the intended application.
- Conductive Pathways: The conductive pathways are made by adding a thin layer of conductive foil to the functional side(s) of the substrate. The material is added to one side in single-sided PCBs and both sides in double-sided PCBs.
- Solder Mask: The solder mask is applied on top of the copper layer. It gives PCBs their characteristic green color, insulates the copper layer from accidental contact with other conductive materials, and prevents solder from adhering to the wrong places on the PCB.
- Silkscreen: The silkscreen is the final layer added to a PCB. It adds alphanumeric and symbolic labels—typically in white—that indicate the function of each component added to the board. These labels help clarify the intended design for technicians during initial assembly and repair work.
Types of PCB Assemblies
Printed circuit board assemblies are available in several designs and configurations to suit different applications. These variations can be categorized into a number of broad classifications depending on the critical design element.
- Single-Sided PCB Assemblies: As the name suggests, single-sided PCB assemblies have a single conductive substrate surface. As a result, electrical and electronic components can only be added to one side. They are relatively inexpensive to produce in large quantities, which makes them suitable for mass-produced electronics. However, they are generally not used for industrial applications.
- Double-Sided PCB Assemblies: Double-sided PCB assemblies have two conductive layers, meaning that there are two surfaces on which to mount components. Components mounted on opposing sides can be connected vita through-holes.
- Multilayer PCB Assemblies: Multilayer PCB assemblies contain three or more conductive layers. As a result, they are suitable for electronics that require greater PCB density and complexity. The additional layers provide greater power to the circuitry and protection against electromagnetic interference.
Single-sided, double-sided, and multilayer PCB assemblies are available with substrates of various rigidities and flexibilities:
- Rigid PCB Assemblies: When most customers think about PCBs, they imagine rigid ones—thin but inflexible boards with printed circuitry. This rigidity comes from the solid and rigid substrate employed (e.g., fiberglass). Typical applications for rigid PCB assemblies include computer towers, laptops, consumer electronics, and industrial control mechanisms.
- Flexible PCB Assemblies: Flexible PCB assemblies utilize flexible substrates that allow them to bend to fit into small and tight spaces without damaging the circuitry. While they are more expensive than rigid PCB assemblies, they offer a number of advantages, such as accommodation of smaller space and weight limits. This quality makes them well-suited for use in aerospace, military, and other similar applications.
- Rigid-Flex PCB Assemblies: Rigid-flex PCB assemblies combine segments of rigid board and segments of flexible substrate. They help reduce and/or eliminate the need for connectors and improve labor, yield, transmission, and reliability problems. These PCBAs are highly versatile, finding application in a variety of industries, including aerospace, consumer goods, medical, and military. The main disadvantage is their comparatively high price point.
Both flex and rigid-flex PCB assemblies can be designed for either static-flex or dynamic-flex applications. Static-flex PCB assemblies are intended to bend only for installation, typically as a means of fitting them into a small or tight space. Dynamic-flex PCB assemblies are used in products that experience repeated bending.
Quality Printed Circuit Board Assemblies (PCBAs) at CCK Automations
At CCK Automations, Inc., we design and manufacture IPC-A-610-certified printed circuit board assemblies for customer-specific, industry-specific, and specialized applications. Our manufacturing facility houses all of the tools we need to develop and deliver quality PCB assemblies, including three high-speed surface mount lines, prototype lines, auto insertion equipment, spade insertion equipment, vapor reflow technology, automated optical inspection machines, and X-ray machines. This equipment allows us to provide a broad selection of PCBA capabilities to meet the various PCBA needs of our customers, including:
- 3D Automated Optical Inspection
- BGA and Micro BGA
- Tin Lead Wave
- Lead-Free Wave
- Tin Lead Selective Solder
- Lead-Free Selective Solder
- Conformal Coating
- Dip Coating
- Selective Coating
- Robotic Potting
- Robotic Staking
- Robotic Gasketing
- Wire and Cable Assemblies
- Hand Assemblies
- Complete Testing
- High-Volume Testing
- Customer-Specific Labeling
- Foam-in-Place Packaging
- Full ESD Control Measures
- Custom Packaging
- Customer-Specific Packaging
- Low-Medium-High Volume Assemblies
- 0201 and Up Package Types
- Surface Mount Line Placement to 70 Micron Accuracy
In addition to our PCB design, manufacturing, and assembly capabilities, we also offer a full range of in-house injection molding services. As a result, our customers experience the benefits of partnering with a PCBA supplier that completes all design and manufacturing processes under a single roof, such as greater control over product quality, lower freight costs, and faster turnaround time.
For printed circuit board assemblies tailored to your needs, you can count on the expert at CCK Automations. Contact us today to learn more about our PCBA capabilities or request a quote.


Samsung Galaxy S4 zoom or SM- C1010, is the next generation smart device which bring together a mobile device merged with a camera, provided with a good optical zoom. This device is a smart move and with the specifications of the camera, Samsung justifies the name of this smartphone. Also with the processor, features loaded on this phone, it is set to grab eyeballs and set defining terms in the space of smartphone market.
Network 2G Network GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 - all versions 3G Network HSDPA 850 / 900 / 1900 / 2100 - all versions 4G Network LTE (market dependent) Size Dimensions 125.5 x 63.5 x 15.4 mm (4.94 x 2.5 x 0.61 in) Net Weight 208 g Display Type Super AMOLED capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors Display size 540 x 960 pixels, 4.3 inches (~256 ppi pixel density) Camera Resolution 16 MP Video Yes Flashlight Yes Connectivity GPRS Yes HSDPA Yes EDGE Yes 3G HSDPA 850 / 900 / 1900 / 2100 - all versions WiFi Yes Bluetooth Yes A2DP Yes USB Yes Memory Card Slot microSD, up to 64 GB Internal Memory 8 GB (5 GB user available), 1.5 GB RAM Ringtones Type Vibration; MP3, WAV ringtones Battery Stand-by time Up to 642 h Talk time Up to 10 h Features Messaging SMS(threaded view), MMS, Email, Push Mail, IM, RSS FM radio Yes Games Yes Speaker phone Yes Operating System Android OS, v4.2.2 (Jelly Bean) Touch-screen Yes
DiscountMobiles © 2018


THE EERO DIFFERENCE
The Secret Is In The TrueMesh.
With an eero mesh system, multiple eeros work together harmoniously to send connection in every direction throughout your home. In addition, our patented TrueMesh technology intelligently routes traffic to reduce drop-offs and dead spots.
Made for your home
eero optimizes its performance based on your network layout, connected devices, and overall network usage. So you get fast speed, efficient coverage, and a reliable connection.
TrueMesh is a patented eero technology that relies on dynamic routing algorithms and real-time data to help avoid drop-offs.
If an eero device drops offline, our TrueMesh technology determines the ideal path for wifi traffic among your eero devices, so your signal stays strong.
Supercharge your connectivity with Wi-Fi 6E.
Wi-Fi 6E is the latest (and greatest) in wifi technology, enabling more bandwidth than ever before. Unlike some mesh systems, eero Pro 6E offers your Wi-Fi 6E devices direct access to the newly accessible 6 GHz band. Experience more capacity, less latency, and our fastest speeds yet.
A Whole New “Lane” For Your WiFi.
Wi-Fi 6E helps clear the way for faster speeds on more devices with new access to the 6 GHz band. In addition to 160 MHz channel support, the 6 GHz band offers a whole new wifi “lane,” freeing up the 2.4 & 5 GHz bands (on tri-band systems) to operate more efficiently.
Wi-Fi 6 is a step up from wifi of the past.
Wi-Fi 6 is a step up from Wi-Fi standards of the past. Here’s how it works: a single transmission sends data to multiple users in parallel to better fill the wifi channel. The result is more efficiency, less congestion, and lower wait times for data delivery than Wi-Fi 5. Just think of it as all your devices getting the connection they need.


Epicor ERP 10 is based on the five principles of collaboration, choice, responsiveness, simplicity and mobility.
ERP 10 introduces a number of exciting new applications and technologies that can reinvent the way companies collaborate internally and externally, enabling them to leverage the knowledge and experience of the people and systems connected throughout the supply chain.
Epicor Social Enterprise (ESE) brings familiar social collaboration tools to the workplace, using techniques established in social networks to allow our customers to quickly share and consume information from deep within their ERP.
Epicor ERP allows users to mine and share critical information contained within an ERP system to resolve challenges, react to changes, and leverage opportunities.
ESE fuels collaboration and breaks down the barriers between ERP users and non-ERP users. It removes the silos that form around departments and allows an organization to leverage the full capability of all its employees.
Customers have the ultimate choice and flexibility with Epicor ERP. Whether they choose to deploy on premise, hosted, or cloud—with access from their PC, tablet, or mobile device—Epicor ERP gives users the freedom to shape their relationship with technology.
With an innovative, agile technology architecture at its foundation, Epicor ERP delivers deployment and device choice in a single solution.
Access to information from anywhere, anytime, and on any device puts users in the driver’s seat to interact with technology on their terms.
Drives richer user experiences to foster and inspire innovation.
Today businesses want ERP solutions that are easy to use, that their employees can become productive with very quickly, and that deliver high performance and scalability.
Epicor ERP delivers faster time to value, with enhanced performance, scalability and ease of deployment to promote business agility and growth.
Epicor ERP drives more immediate relationships with customers, suppliers and business partners – with access to information as it’s happening – empowering business to act with speed and efficiency.
Epicor ERP provides the tools to streamline upgrades, the agility to respond to change, and the performance to ensure adoption.
Epicor ERP simplifies the user experience for everyone in the organization. With unprecedented ease-of adoption—from management of implementation and upgrades, to the ease with which casual users can access information—Epicor ERP spurs innovation.
User adoption is faster, building and maintaining connections is easier—driving more productive business relationships. - Touch-enabled user experience consistent with the consumer apps and devices people engage with daily.
Simplified technology stack—100% Microsoft—makes upgrades easier, keeping customizations intact. Design once, then deploy to all devices and user interfaces.
Epicor ERP empowers your workforce with a consistent user experience at their desk or from their mobile device—it’s designed for the way we work today.
Desktop independence so you work the way you want to from anywhere—on any device—facilitating efficiency and faster decision making.
Web access capabilities enhanced for ease of use and better performance; real-time information across the business drill-down dashboards.
Epicor ERP integrates all touch-points throughout the extended enterprise, making it easier to build and maintain relationships with customers, suppliers, and partners.


Myth about Airplanes
Turn off electronics gadget during a flight
There is no real evidence that your mobile phone or your iPod interferes with the aircraft systems. In fact a pilot friend mentioned that the pilots always have their mobile phones turned on in the cockpit throughout the flight anyway. , the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) imposed the ban for fear that the signals that these devices give off could interfere with the cockpit s instrumentation, possibly causing a plane to crash. This regulation is still in effect because studies have not been able to prove that disastrous outcomes would not take place, though there is also no proof that it could really happen.


Our qualified, professional electrical engineers have significant expertise and experience in all relevant areas of their discipline.
They use their knowledge to design sound and innovative installations for all electrical services systems in buildings and supporting infrastructure, telecommunications and media technology as well as for the development of innovative energy systems and sustainable solutions.
In addition to traditional Electrical Design Services such as lighting, power, fire alarm, containment and cable tray design; Deerns can provide a number of specialist Electrical Engineering design support services as outlined below.
Electrical Infrastructure and Network Design
An Electrical distribution network can be as simple as a single Low Voltage (LV) panel or very complex with hundreds of panels ranging from Extra Low Voltage (ELV) to Medium and High Voltage (MV/HV). Deerns can assist you with any size project and any level of complexity.
Design you a new, efficient and resilience network for your new build project.
Analyse your existing network for efficiency or resilience weaknesses. Suggest improvements to suit objectives, budgets and time constraints and prepare a phased, detailed design to implement upgrades whilst minimising downtime.
A full design suite of services that Deerns can offer to your project include Full Network Modelling, Short Circuit Current Studies, Protection Settings Co-ordination Studies and Arc Flash Analysis & Labelling. Refer to some project examples below where Deerns provided the in-house design of these complex Electrical Engineering elements that may otherwise have been procured from separate parties.
Backup Power Systems Design
Whilst Electrical Infrastructure that incorporates Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) and/or Generator Systems are not uncommon, the complexities that these systems can introduce into a network often requires careful consideration and assessment in relation to the electrical infrastructure as a whole.
From single redundancy “N” to “xN” and “N+x” or “x(N+x)“
Modelling of equipment in short circuit and protection studies
Static, Dynamic and Rotary/Kinetic Systems


New Book Announcement for 2014
Second Edition of Optical Network Design and Planning
by Jane M. Simmons, Monarch Network Architects
Optical Network Design and Planning takes a pragmatic approach to deploying state-of-the-art optical
networking equipment in backbone, regional, and metro-core networks, while also covering recent research results.
Algorithms and methodologies related to routing, regeneration, wavelength assignment, sub-rate traffic grooming,
and protection are presented, with an emphasis on optical-bypass-enabled (or all-optical) networks.
The second edition includes coverage of:
- Dynamic optical networking
- Multi-domain networks
- Flex-grid, gridless, and elastic optical networks
- New physical-layer technology (e.g., coherent detection) and its impact on network design
- ROADM architectures and features, including the colorless, directionless, contentionless, and gridless properties
- Algorithms for cloud computing
- Software-Defined Networking
- Energy efficiency
Numerous case studies are presented using three reference networks (the topology files for the networks
can be found here, for further studies by the reader). The code for some of the routing algorithms is provided.
Approximately 150 exercises and suggestions for further research have been added in the second edition,
making the book suitable as the primary text for a graduate-level course.
Number of Pages: 516, Number of Figures: 175, ISBN-10: 3319052268, ISBN-13: 978-3319052267
- Academic Community
The book is useful to: teach optical networking from both a practical and research-oriented perspective,
find relevant research topics in the field of optical networking, ensure that research addresses the future needs of industry,
and learn about the topologies of actual carrier networks.
- Graduate Students and Post-Docs
- Optical System Vendors
The book is useful to: develop an efficient suite of algorithms customized for the vendorís product set, learn
about how the vendorís products are actually used in a carrier network,
learn about the economics of optical networking to assist in pricing the equipment,
determine desirable features for the next generation of equipment, and assess competing technologies.
- Algorithm Design
- Systems Engineering
- Product Management
- Marketing and Competitive Analysis
- Telecommunications Carriers
The book is useful to: design state-of-the-art optical networks, learn key criteria for comparing optical technologies,
plan the evolution of the carrierís network, learn potential challenges that may be encountered when deploying
new optical technology.
- Network Architecture
- Network Planning
- System Test and Evaluation
View Detailed Table of Contents
Jane M. Simmons has been involved in the research and development of optical networks for 20 years. She founded Monarch Network Architects, which provides optical network architectural services and design tools. From 1999 to 2002, she was the Executive Engineer of Network Architecture and later the Chief Network Architect of Corvis Corp., the first company to commercialize all-optical networking equipment. Through pioneering algorithmic and architectural optimizations, she played a significant role in the adoption of all-optical networking in telecommunications networks. Prior to Corvis, Dr. Simmons worked at Bell Labs/AT&T Labs Research, where she conducted research on backbone, regional, and broadband access networks. She received a B.S., Summa Cum Laude, from Princeton University, and S.M. and Ph.D. degrees from MIT, all in Electrical Engineering. She is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Tau Beta Pi, and Sigma Xi honor societies, and is a Fellow of the IEEE. She is the author of the textbook Optical Network Design and Planning, now in its second edition.


The simple & reliable timecode sync over Bluetooth workflow
THE NEW WAY OF SYNC
Tentacle Sync E is built on the idea of providing you with an easy to operate and reliable timecode and sync tool that works in nearly any kind of setting. No matter how small or complex your shooting challenge is, the Tentacle Sync E is the right companion for your creative task.
SYNC OVER BLUETOOTH – YES IT WORKS!
Some of you might be thinking: why Bluetooth? The answer is simple: Most of our customers don’t leave home without their phones or tablet and Bluetooth is the most common and widely-used wireless technology used by almost all of them. The solution for cable-free operation is right in front of you: in the palm of your hands.
Battery. Sync E uses Bluetooth low energy. This means, your Sync E offers a battery life of up to 35 hours – no matter if you use it for setup, syncing or monitoring your devices.
Connectivity. Forget the old phone/car radio connectivity problems. With Bluetooth LE you simply hold your phone close to your Tentacle Sync E to link it with your app.
SYNCING DEVICE FOR ANY VIDEO SHOOTING
Monitoring. Tentacles don’t have a built-in display – and that’s just how we like it. The best user-interface is your phone. Use it to monitor and setup your Tentacle Sync E with a frame-accurate timecode display, without the need for any additional expensive equipment.
Accuracy. Tentacle’s sync algorithms allow you to monitor your Octopodes with frame accuracy via the Tentacle Sync app.
Future-proof. Every Tentacle acts as a master and broadcasts timecode independently via Bluetooth. Almost every mobile device can make use of this timecode, opening up a whole world of seamless connectivity sync network without needing any new technology – straight out of the box.
MORE THAN SCRATCHING THE SURFACE – EXCELLENT INTERNAL MICROPHONE
Connecting timecode equipment to the mic input of a DSLR-type camera cuts off the internal audio. Tentacle Sync E is the only solution available with a high-quality built-in ‘scratch’ mic. Record both timecode and ambient sound simultaneously with just one single device.


I can’t remember how long had passed since I last use this spare phone of mine. But when I finally does, it decided to played a trick on me to protest. And a crazy one as well.
As seen in the video above, on the screen of my mobile phone shows the ‘charging’ sign with the unmistakably battery bar running in the background. However, the phone is not connected to any charging device or even USB port of any sort. So how is this able to happen, I wonder?


Which nameservers should I use?
ns1.minthost.com IPÂ 220.127.116.11
ns2.minthost.com IPÂ 18.104.22.168
Our central DNS system is updated once every hour. After that the usual time for propagation applies, this is beyond our control and may be anything from instant to hours or even days, depending on the DNS servers used by the client. Â It may be possible to speed up the propagation time by usingÂ Google DNS orÂ OpenDNS.
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- New LRs in the ELRA catalogue Feb. 13, 2023
- New LR in the ELRA Catalogue Dec. 6, 2022
- Open Positions at ELDA Nov. 3, 2022
- LR Agreement with Datatang Oct. 27, 2022
- New LRs in the ELRA Catalogue Oct. 11, 2022
ELDA has been involved in the activities related to LRs and to evaluation, for all components of a speech to speech translation system (speech recognition, machine translation, speech synthesis).
Visit the TC-Star Evaluation Campaigns webspace for detailed information on evaluation run by ELDA.
Check the ELRA Catalogue to find all the TC-START Evaluation Packages
The TC-STAR project, financed by European Commission within the Sixth Program represents a long-term effort focused on advanced research in core language technologies : speech recognition, speech translation, and speech synthesis. The project focused on research in Speech-to-Speech Translation (SST) in a multilingual context. SST technology is a combination of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Spoken Language Translation (SLT) and Text to Speech (TTS) (speech synthesis).
The project targeted a selection of unconstrained conversational speech domains-speeches and broadcast news-and three languages : European English, European Spanish, and Mandarin Chinese. Accurate translation of unrestricted speech is well beyond the capability of today’s state-of-the-art research systems. Therefore, advances are needed to improve the state-of the-art technologies for speech recognition and speech translation.
The main objective of the project was ambitious : making a breakthrough in SST that significantly reduces the gap between human and machine translation performance.
A number of events have been organized throughout the duration of the project, amon which:
The TC-STAR Consortium brought together prominent European players in the speech and language technology field, including both basic research institutes and universities, as well as large companies with years of experience in the field. The Consortium itself was a first step towards reinforcing the European Research Area, and offered a unique opportunity to place Europe in a position of leadership in speech-to-speech translation technologies.
The project participants were :
Djamel Mostefa, Project Manager


It is a “super” breakout board centered around the Nordic Semiconductor nRF24Z1 Wireless Audio Streamer, a low-power self-contained 2.4GHz digital audio streaming chip. This little chip is capable of sending a 44.1KHz stereo digital signal, straight from a S/PDIF source, to another S/PDIF input, over a 2.4GHz wireless link, with minimal latency. If analog is more your thing, it also features a complete I2S interface (including clocking) which can drive an ADC or DAC (depending if its in transmit or receive mode). Perfect for your DIY projects with outside speakers, wireless headphones, and more.
On this breakout board, you will find:
- An Atmel ATtiny84 microcontroller, for command and control of the radio link, plus communication between the modules
- An Octal-Inverter and all of the needed S/PDIF circuitry to correctly use and drive the 1V digital signal
- A 20 pin breakout header which exposes most of the microcontroller and radio pins.
- An integrated, inverted-F PCB antenna with superior performance to “chip” antennas, while not hogging large amounts of PCB space
The schematic hardware design is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0. I’ll post again soon with pictures of the prototypes as well as ordering information.


LF Measuring System has many unique and outstanding features:
- Utilises public power main
- Light weight and transportable
- Unique power amplifier design (patent pending)
- 4000VA rated system
- 250V maximum EUT supply
- 16A per phase maximum EUT current
- Power source continuously monitored for compliance
- Discrete components for flicker impedance
- Flicker measurements Pst and Plt
- dmax measurements
- Automatic Pass/Fail indication
- Powerful analysis software
- Lower cost solution compared to conventional systems
- System verification built-in
- Compact 19“ bench top or rack mount design
- Fulfills all the latest standard requirements
- Remote control and software upgrade through standard interface
- Easily expandable to 3-phase measurement system
- 2 year warranty
The technical excellence and many unique features of LF Measuring System translates directly into benefits for the user
- Cost effective solution to meet many test requirements
- Increase quality of test object
- Independant of local mains supply (with separate AC source option)
- Save operator time with the automated test routines and test report facility
- Easy retrieval of test data
- Unparalleled reliability and system up-time
- Test Assistant
|IEC 61000-3-2 (Ed.3.2: 2009): Limits - Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current <= 16="" a="" per="" phase="" --="--">|
|IEC 61000-3-3 (Ed.2.0: 2008): Limits - Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current <= 16="" a="" per="" phase="" and="" not="" subject="" to="" conditional="" connection="" --="--">|
|IEC 61000-4-7 (Ed.2.1: 2009): Testing and measurement techniques - General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto|
|IEC 61000-4-15 (Ed.1.1: 2003): Testing and measurement techniques - Flickermeter - Functional and design specifications|
|IEC/TR 60725 (Ed.2.0: 2005): Consideration of reference impedances and public supply network impedances for use in determining disturbance characteristics of electrical equipment having a rated current = < 75 A per phase|
|IEC 61000-4-13 (Ed.1.1: 2009): Testing and measurement techniques - Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c. power port, low frequency immunity tests.|
|IEC 61000-4-14 (Ed.1.2: 2009): Testing and measurement techniques - Voltage fluctuation immunity test.|
The Low Frequency measuring system is a compact solution to determine harmonic and flicker emissions generated by equipment connected to the public power main.
HAR1000-1P is the single phase version and comprises a power amplifier, line impedance network, harmonics and flicker measurement, all in a single unit. HAR-EXT1000 added to HAR1000-1P provides full three phase capability.
The hardware is controlled from a powerful user interface software (HARCS).
Using a novel technique to correct power main distortion reduces size, weight and cost compared to traditional systems. A small power amplifier is used to correct power main distortion and deliver a clean sine wave to an EUT. While the measurements are being made, the test voltage (U) at the terminals of the equipment under test, when operated according to the defined operating condition, shall meet the requirements laid down in the IEC standards.
The power amplifier source impedance must be nearly 0ohm to prevent distortion of flicker results. The test voltage must be stable in amplitude and frequency to ensure correct results.
Line Impedance Network
Flicker measurements are small variations of RMS voltage caused by the EUT. In order to ensure that only effects from the EUT are measured, a conventional impedance of 0,4ohm + j 0,25ohm must be used. This is a real impedance included in the system.
Harmonic Measurement System
This can be configured to measure in accordance with the latest standard requirements (including amendment 14) and also the previous version. Providing an easy comparison of measurement results obtained from previous and new samples. Dual analysers simultaneously monitor the AC supply output and the distortion resulting from the EUT. Both voltage and current harmonics are measured and displayed for analysis purposes
Definition of the equipment classes
Display of single phase harmonic voltage and current
Harmonic results table including real time EUT measurements
Flicker Measurement System
The flicker analyser is a part of the system hardware and is compliant to the latest requirements of IEC61000-4-15. Specifically this means that dmax is the result of an average from 22 measurements taken from a total of 24. Verification of the flicker measurement system can be made using 33.3Hz modulation for 50Hz and also 40Hz modulation for 60Hz supplies. The inrush current capability enables measurement of dmax at 7%.
Graphic representation of cumulative probability function. The real time flicker value is displayed together with all the measurements required for standard compliance.
Display of dmax value showing amplifier in-rush capability
Provided as part of the system package, HARCS software is a powerful user friendly interface which allows the user to configure the system to perform measurements and displays the results in a convenient format. Unique features of HARCS software include:
- Test Assistant
- Harmonics inspector
- Recorder function
- Harmonic verification
- Flicker verification
Harmonics Inspector. Select individual harmonics to view additional information in real time.
HARCS Recorder. Up to 8 different measurement parameters can be stored in the recorder. When a test is completed, data from the recorder can be “re-run” to assist in analysis of measurement results.
HARCS ANASIM. Included in the HARCS package is the simulation program ANASIM.
Verification. Perform a quick system verification for harmonics and flicker using internally generated signals.
|Amplifier bandwidth||DC to 6000Hz|
|Voltage range (230V)||200 to 250V|
|Voltage range (115V)||100 to 125V|
|Usable supply frequencies||50/60Hz|
|Inrush current||500A at 230V|
|Load change regulation||< 0.05%|
|Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)||< 0.5%|
|Response time 0 to 100% load change||10ps|
|Voltage harmonic distortions||3rd harmonic < 0.9% 5th harmonic < 0.4% 7th harmonic < 0.3% 9th harmonic < 0.2% 2nd - 10th harmonic < 0.2% 11th - 40th harmonic <0.1%|
|Source impedance||< 3mohm|
|Harmonic Measurement System|
|Current and Voltage harmonic range||1st to 40th harmonic|
|Harmonic class measurements||A, B, C, D & X|
|Frequency measurement accuracy||< 0.1%|
|Voltage drop across current shunt||< 150mV|
|Current ranges||auto, 0.25A, 0.5A, 1A, 2A, 5A, 10A, 25A & 50A|
|Current measurement accuracy||< 1%|
|Parameter measurement and display||Urms, Upeak, Irms, Ipeak, Crest factor, Power, Apparent power, Frequency, UTHD & ITHD|
|FFT of EUT current||real time 4096 points over 16 periods|
|Fluctuationg harmonics||16 periods (50 or 60Hz) with 1.5s filter|
|Flicker Measurement System|
|50Hz Line Impedance Network 1 phase||0.4ohm + j0.25ohm (phase & neutral)|
|50Hz Line Impedance Network 1 phase||0.24ohm + j0.15ohm (phase only)|
|50Hz Line Impedance Network 1 phase||0.16ohm + j0.10ohm (neutral only)|
|50Hz Line Impedance Network 3 phase||0.24ohm + j0.15ohm (phase only)|
|50Hz Line Impedance Network 3 phase||0.16ohm + j0.10ohm (neutral only)|
|Flicker meter||according to IEC61000-4-15|
|Flicker measurements per second||100|
|Parameter measurement and display||Urms, Irms, Power, Power factor, Frequency, Pst, Plt, dmax, dc & dt|
|Flicker dislays||Cumulative probability, histogram|
|Automatic Pass/Fail indication for||Pst, Plt, dmax, dc & dt|
|Mains Supply Requirements|
|50Hz/60Hz||± 0.5% for 9A range and 16A range|
|Наименование СИ||Обозначение типа СИ||Изготовитель||Срок свидетельства
или заводской номер
|Не подлежит сертификации|
Запросить цену можно по телефону или заполнив эту несложную форму.