Internet services provided by Belkin are absolutely over the top but a few issues arise now and then, one of which is Belkin.setup won’t show up in the networks list. Not being able to see the Belkin.setup network in the network list is one hell of a problem I must say. Don’t worry, because we have an easy solution.
What exactly is Belkin.setup?
Two-minute silence for the people that thought it is something very difficult to deal with and understand. Folks, it’s nothing but the default network name that shows up when you install Belkin extender.
If you don’t have an Ethernet cable in order to install Belkin extender or don’t have a computer. You can use any browser to connect your Belkin extender to your router. As soon as you plug the extender into power, it will automatically broadcast signals. When you plug the extender to power you will be able to see Belkin.setup in the network list.
In case you don’t see Belkin.setup in your network list, here are the steps to follow to fix it.
Steps to fix Belkin.setup won’t show up issue
- The first thing you can do is to reset the Belkin extender. You can do so by pressing the reset button and hold for about 8 to 10 seconds. Don’t just reset your extender, do the same with your computer as well.
- In order to fix Belkin.setup won’t show up the problem, make arrangements for an Ethernet cable and connect the computer and extender with the cable.
- Type Belkin.range in your browser and set up a connection with the extender console.
- Join the present router network with the help of the password on the router.
- Now, you should see that the default network name is Belkin.setup it will automatically be set to OPEN mode for all. You can change the name to whatever you want.
- If you still don’t see Belkin.setup, your final option is to reboot the Belkin range extender and reset it back to factory default.
You can set it up again easily but following the below-mentioned steps:
How to set up the Belkin router easily?
When you set up your Belkin router, it allows all the other devices in your surroundings to share the high-speed internet connection. You can do so by following two methods:
With the help of Belkin setup disk
- Be extra sure that the modem, as well as the Belkin router, is disconnected from the power outlet.
- Hook up the modem to the Belkin router with the help of an Ethernet cable.
- Now, you can connect the modem as well as the Belkin router to the power outlet.
- You will receive a Belkin setup disk with your router; insert it into the disc drive on your computer or laptop.
- Click RUN THE EASY INSTALL WIZARD, when you do so, you will see a bunch of instructions. Go according to them.
- On the last page of the setup wizard, click finish and then close the wizard. Wizard will now show that the Belkin router is connected to wifi.
With the help of the manual setup
- Disconnect your modem and router from the power outlet, connect modem and router using an Ethernet cable and plug them into the power outlet again.
- Now, bring out another Ethernet cable and connect your computer or laptop to the router.
- Open any web browser and type 192.168.2.1 in the address bar.
- Enter your username and click login.
- Make sure you leave the password section empty and then click on submit. This will leave you logged in to your router.
- Under the Internet WAN section find and click on the connection type.
- Now, you will be shown some of the connection types you can choose from.
- Dynamic is the most common type of connection but if you are not sure about yours, contact your internet service provider.
- The internet service provider (ISP) will also provide you with network details. Enter those and click APPLY CHANGES.
- Check if the internet connections section shows CONNECTED, if it does then the Belkin router is connected to the internet.
Tips to avoid problems with Belkin router setup
- Make sure that the positioning of your router is away from appliances that might interfere in the maintenance of a strong and high internet speed.
- read more about antivirus blocking internet and how to fix it.
- Having busted and faulty Ethernet cables prevent you from being able to connect to the internet.
- Clear out your browser history as well as your internet browser cache.
- In case you are unable to login to your router, press and hold the reset button for about 10 to 12 seconds. Doing this will erase all the custom settings and will restore the router back to factory default.


Whether setting up a new office or rearranging an existing office, we offer competitive pricing for all of your Data and Voice Cabling as well as Wireless setup requirements.
We install and all cabling to local building code specifications and then test for connectivity and a clear signal.
Data and Voice Cabling
We stand behind our products and installations and ensure that you are satisfied with our installation before our technicians leave. Our technicians will ensure that the new equipment is operational and working correctly and a thorough testing procedure will be implemented to verify that the equipment meets our high specifications. Many businesses within a 300 km radius already benefit from our superior installations and as we are always working to secure and strengthen new business relationships.
Key network configuration details are documented in writing and provided for future reference.
All of our installers have a minimum of five years experience.
Our business service & solutions include:


Efficiency through Technology In the digital age, the transfer of files has become a fundamental aspect of modern communication and collaboration. From sharing documents to exchanging multimedia content, efficient file transfer mechanisms are vital for businesses, organizations, and individuals alike. With advancements in technology, file transfer methods have evolved significantly, enabling faster, more secure, and seamless data migration processes.
Traditional Challenges and Solutions In the past, transferring large files or datasets posed significant challenges, including slow transfer speeds, file size limitations, and security vulnerabilities. However, innovative solutions have emerged to address these issues. Technologies such as FTP (File Transfer Protocol), cloud storage services, and peer-to-peer networks have revolutionized file transfer by offering scalable, reliable, and secure transmission options. Additionally, compression algorithms and encryption protocols have enhanced data integrity and confidentiality during transit.
The Rise of Real-time Collaboration Today, real-time collaboration platforms have transformed the way individuals and teams share and collaborate on files. With the advent of cloud-based productivity suites and communication tools, such as Google Workspace and Microsoft Teams, users can seamlessly edit, comment, and co-author documents in real-time, regardless of their geographical location. These platforms leverage advanced synchronization algorithms to ensure that all collaborators have access to the latest version of shared files, fostering productivity and streamlining workflow processes. Moreover, integrated security features and access controls safeguard sensitive information, mitigating the risks associated with unauthorized access or data breaches.
As technology continues to evolve, file transfer mechanisms will undoubtedly undergo further refinements, paving the way for even more efficient, secure, and collaborative data migration solutions. By embracing emerging technologies and best practices, organizations and individuals can harness the power of seamless file transfer to drive innovation, enhance productivity, and achieve their business objectives in an increasingly interconnected world. Upload huge files


We provide end-to-end turnkey solutions which are built individually to work with each client
Systems to suit all budgets and support ISDN, PSTN and SIP or a mixture of these to allow your business total flexibility.
A wide range of UK memeorable numbers, that are perfect for any business.
Freefone, national rate and extra 08 numbers, 01 and 02 numbers, London 0207 and 0208 numbers.
Develop yuor company's revenue stream, and join the Glow XL family, and become a Preferred Partner
IVR solutions provide all of the standard features and functionality that you would expect from a hardware based solution without the expense or hassle, plus a whole host of intuitive routing solutions.
Special offer on UK Gold and Exceptional Memorable Numbers for Taxi, Minibus, and Private Hire companiesMore >
Refer your customers and receive a special gift for each one of your customers that joins the XL Telecom family.More >
Does your business need a special solution that is not available off the shelf?
Tell us what you need.More >
With all of our years of experience XL Telecom can provide telecoms audit consultancy services for any business or government department.More >
XL Telecom has a number of solutions that can enhance or refresh a company's existing telecom infrastructure, providing a smart solution, making internal and external communication simple, yet effective.
Whether it is a small to medium company, or a large corporate that may be looking for a VoIP solution, broadband, telephone system, a simple fax box, or a complicated IVR, XL Telecom can service each requirement. XL Telecom aims to help a company increase sales and ensure that it has satisfied customers whenever, and however they are in contact.
When it comes to telecoms, XL Telecom can help bridge the gap, with a smart business-to-business telecoms solution. Do what is best for your business and Join the XL Telecom Family.
Get in touch and one of our advisors will be happy to helpCall 08000 445 445> Request a quote>


The State of Washington population is booming and state regulators will soon be adding area code 564 to keep up with our growth.
Here is an article that describes the new requirement in Western Washington requiring that all ten numbers have to be used (including the area code) for all calls...even for local calls. This affected me personally because I had a few pre-set numbers on my home phone stored for local Redmond calls as only seven numbers.
It's important to update all stored local phone numbers to include the area code (if not already stored that way).
I was just thinking that in the rare case of someone having an emergency trying to dial a family member/friend/organization in the local 425/206 area code locations and having the number stored as 7 digits only.
The new requirement does not affect 911 calls.


GaN-based devices are already used in many popular products.
Ultra High Brightness LEDs
GaN devices are used as ultra high brightness light emitting diodes (LEDs) in projectors, TVs, automobiles, and general lighting. The semi-polar orientation allows for higher efficiency and, hence, more light.
GaN devices are used as laser diodes in game consoles and Blu-Ray players.
GaN devices are used as various components in high-power and high-frequency power electronics like cellular base stations, satellites, power amplifiers, and inverters/converters for electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). GaN's low sensitivity to ionizing radiation (like other group III nitrides) makes it a suitable material for spaceborne applications such as solar cell arrays for satellites and high-power, high-frequency devices for communication, weather, and surveillance satellites.
GaN's wide band gap covers the solar spectrum from 0.65 eV to 3.4 eV (which is practically the entire solar spectrum), making indium gallium nitride (InGaN) alloys perfect for creating solar cell material. Because of this advantage, InGaN solar cells grown on GaN substrates are poised to become one of the most important new applications and growth market for GaN substrate wafers.


Using the BPC InappToast Control
The InappToast is a part of Bewise Phone Controls current release. To use it, add the BPC library to your project.
This control allows the user to display an informational message. This message will be displayed for three seconds then will disappear. You can also force the message to hide by calling the
To display the message, you just have to call the
Show method of the Inapptoast control. The message to be displayed can be either set by the Message property, or by calling the overloaded
Show(string message) method and passing your message in parameter.
<Bewise:InappToast Name="toast" OnClicked="InappToast_OnClicked"></Bewise:InappToast>
private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
if (lbItems.SelectedIndex != -1)
toast.Show("Deleting " + lbItems.SelectedItem + ". Click to hide message.");
lbItems.ItemsSource = items;
Here you can see how the control is rendered when the Show method is called:
- Message : gets or sets the message to display when the Show method is called
- Show : displays the message
- Hide : hides the message
- OnClicked : this event is raised when the user clicks on the message toast


A common problem for people who want to try Openstack without a full blown hardware setup is that they have just one network interface. Openstack identifies three distinct networks
This is where all your inter process communication happens. This is where your mysql-server/queue-server etc are listening and this is where your services exchange information among themselves. On a proper set up this network should be isolated and secured and the interface connected to this network should not be added to any bridge.
This is where your Instances talk to each other and to their network’s l3 and dhcp services. This network again should be isolated and secured. There can be more than one data network. The data networks are mapped to a physical networks which will be available for neutron to use using config file parameters. It is the physical network that you denote as ‘provider:physical_network’ in the ‘neutron net-create‘ API call. You need not worry about choosing the physical_network for each network you create as neutron will choose it for you if you did not.
Present inside the ‘ovs’ section of ‘ml2_conf.ini’. You tell Neutron which physical networks are available for use through this parameter. You also have to tell which bridge to use in order to reach that physical network. Thus ‘bridge_mappings’ is a comma separated list of ‘physical_network:bridge_name’ pairs. You also have to make sure the bridges that you mapped to physical networks exists on the host.
Present under ‘ml2_type_flat’ section. Configured in case of flat networks. This is just a comma separated list of physical networks that are flat(no vlan involved)
Present under ‘ml2_type_vlan’ section. Configured in case of vlan networks. This is similar to flat_networks except that for each physical networks there is a start and an end vlan appended with a ‘:’ between them.
Present under ‘ovs’ section’. In case you are using GRE mode this parameter will tell neutron which IP to bind and run GRE on. This in turn determines which interface and network should be used as data network. So it is a good idea to use an interface other than the one used for internal network.
Finally, unless you are using ‘GRE’ alone, you have to add one of the host’s network interface to every bridge specified so that all physical networks are now bridged to their corresponding data network. Using a little trick you can even map more than one physical network to a data network.
This network is used for two purposes.
- To expose the services(nova-api, glance-api .,etc) to consumers outside of Openstack.
- To allow your Instances to be accessible from outside of Openstack, through floating-ip.
It is a good idea to use two external networks for the above two purposes. That way you can restrict all ports other than those on which your exposed services are listening.
In Neutron and external network is one on which you have ‘router:external’ set to true. Only then can you create foating-ips on it. In all other ways all rules that apply to physical networks also apply here. Normally you would want to chose a flat physical network for creating external network. Otherwise you would have to ask your network administrator to set up vlan on the switch port connecting to the machine running your l3-agent and things start to get ugly.
The host interface connecting to the external network should not have any form of security. You should allow security groups to do that job.
Using the same Interface for all Networks
Finally we arrive at the purpose of this blog. This blog gives you plenty of information and reason why you should not do this but while you are experimenting all is fair.
- eth0 is the only available port
ovs-vsctl add-br br-eth0 ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth0 eth0 ifconfig br-eth0 <ip address of eth0> up ip link set br-eth0 promisc on ip link add proxy-br-eth1 type veth peer name eth1-br-proxy ip link add proxy-br-ex type veth peer name ex-br-proxy ovs-vsctl add-br br-eth1 ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth1 eth1-br-proxy ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex ex-br-proxy ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth0 proxy-br-eth1 ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth0 proxy-br-ex ip link set eth1-br-proxy up promisc on ip link set ex-br-proxy up promisc on ip link set proxy-br-eth1 up promisc on ip link set proxy-br-ex up promisc on
- What we have done is added a new bridge br-eth0 and added eth0 to it.
- Assign eth0’s ip address to br-eth0 and set the interface in promiscuous mode.
- Then we create two veth pairs. In case you are not aware they are like virtual cables.
- We connect br-eth1 and br-ex to br-eth0 using the veth pairs.
- Then we enable promiscuous mode and bring up all the interfaces we use.
Running Controller and Network on same host
Sometimes It is desired to have controller and Network node running on same machine and the machines have only two network interfaces each. The compute node requires only two interfaces as shown in the picture below. However in the network node we can combine the internal and external network by adding eth0 to br-ex and assigning br-ex with the ip address of eth0.
ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth0 ifconfig br-ex up ip link set eth0 up promisc on
If both your servers have only a single nic you may follow the below setup.
On network/controller node
#add all bridges ovs-vsctl add-br br-int ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex ovs-vsctl add-br br-eth1 ovs-vsctl add-br br-proxy #Create Veth pairs ip link add proxy-br-eth1 type veth peer name eth1-br-proxy ip link add proxy-br-ex type veth peer name ex-br-proxy #Attach bridges using veth pair ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth1 eth1-br-proxy ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex ex-br-proxy ovs-vsctl add-port br-proxy proxy-br-eth1 ovs-vsctl add-port br-proxy proxy-br-ex #Assign eth0's ip address to br-proxy ifconfig br-proxy up #Bring up the interfaces ip link set eth1-br-proxy up promisc on ip link set ex-br-proxy up promisc on ip link set proxy-br-eth1 up promisc on ip link set proxy-br-ex up promisc on
On the Compute node
ovs-vsctl add-br br-eth1 ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth1 eth0 #Assign eth0's ip addres to br-eth1 ifconfig br-eth1 up #Bring up the interfaces ip link set eth0 up promisc on
The pictorial representation would be something like below


The modern network requires advanced network security. Legacy network security methods are simply not up to the challenge. For example, attempting to build perimeter defenses around a rapidly expanding group of endpoints would be a waste of employee time and would ultimately fall short. Instead, network administrators must be on the alert for advanced threats.
Physical network security is the control of access to physical network infrastructure components. This includes devices that monitor network traffic. Among other things, this control ensures that unauthorized users cannot access network resources. This control can be implemented by using host-based intrusion detection systems. These systems monitor traffic and analyze data sources to identify and respond to potential security violations.
Physical network security controls can be implemented using locks, biometric authentication, and other physical measures to ensure that only authorized employees or people with special access are allowed access to network components. This type of network security can protect network data and assets from unauthorized personnel and malicious employees. In addition, these physical controls can prevent theft of hardware by employees.
The technical aspects of network security are important for managing and securing an organization’s information systems. The management of a business must consider the security of the company’s internal and external systems to ensure that these systems do not pose a risk to its users. This includes the development and implementation of new technologies and the application of current technologies to the network security space.
Network security involves the use of software and hardware solutions. It also involves processes, rules, and configurations. These methods protect the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of information on a network. They also help protect data from malicious activity.
Network administrators are faced with many challenges to maintain an effective security posture for their networks. These include adhering to compliance standards, enabling new services, optimizing performance, enforcing security policies, and troubleshooting on demand. Security policies must be deployed consistently, as any misconfiguration can leave the network vulnerable to sophisticated threats. Many firewalls, for example, contain thousands of different policies, each of which can impact performance. Luckily, network administrators can use network security management solutions to automate security policies, enforce global policies, view firewall traffic, and generate reports. Additionally, these solutions provide a single management interface for both virtual and physical systems.
Regardless of the network size, administrators need to implement security policies to protect data, people, and physical assets. These policies must also prevent access to sensitive information by unauthorized personnel or malicious employees. Administrative security controls are essential for large infrastructures, which accumulate vast libraries of security policies. These controls can simplify operations, automate repetitive tasks, and identify inconsistencies in security policies.
Intrusion detection and prevention
Intrusion detection and prevention (IDP) systems can help protect networks from cyberattacks. They monitor traffic patterns and send alerts when they detect network intrusions. These alerts include information on the source address of the traffic and the type of attack that is suspected. Some IDS systems may also quarantine malicious files.
There are two main types of IDP systems: signature-based and anomaly-based. The former monitors network traffic by comparing the packets to a baseline that is based on known threats. The latter detects network activity that is not typical of the network and alerts IT teams to suspicious activity. This method uses machine-learning techniques to identify anomalous behavior.


The Panorama LPBU-433-NJ is a low profile fixed UHF antenna in a robust compact housing with a N female connector.
Rugged Low Profile Design
Bracket Mounted (SP5-0470 Included)
Designed to be tough yet cost effective, the antenna is completely enclosed ina moulded housing made from weather and impact resistant plastic.
The antenna is supplied with an offset bracket which allows for easy mounting and provides an electrical ground plane. The antenna features an N Jack type connector allowing use of a variety of cable types and lengths.
|Peak Gain (dBi)||0|
|Max Input Power (W)||60|
|Operating Temperature||-30 / + 70°C|
|Mounting Type||Bracket Mount|
|Mounting Method||N Jack|


Bye bye cable, hello induction.
The spirit of development and the art of engineering – that’s what moll has stood for at least since its invention of the height-adjustable children’s desk in 1974. Since then, moll has repeatedly realized new innovative ideas and brought them to market.
The latest coup was achieved by the in-house development department with the QI charger for the models moll T7, moll T5 and moll Champion.
Everyday life in the digital age is determined by a number of smart helpers – both in professional and private life. However, they only develop their capabilities when charged and all too often the nearest power supply is out of sight or can only be reached by meter-long cables. To solve this problem in an elegant way is the declared goal of moll through the integration of the QI charger in the tabletop. Gone are the days when different devices needed their own cables for charging. No more cable fumbling. The optional QI Charger makes “invisible” wireless charging via induction of electronic devices possible.
The QI charger can be easily integrated into the tabletop. To do this, it is mounted in the pre-installed device in the tabletop and plugged into the power supply. As soon as a device is placed on the charger, it transmits the power through the tabletop and the device starts charging. For the smartphone to charge wirelessly, it must be placed directly on the charging station. The reason for this is that the coils in the smartphone and the charger must be directly on top of each other. However, this only works if the smartphone is close enough to the charger. There must not be more than three millimeters between the charger and the smartphone. As soon as the device is charged, the transmitter and receiver switch to standby mode. This results in the great advantage that the QI charging station only transmits activated energy when there is a compatible device on the charging station that requires energy.
Meanwhile, more and more phones support the QI standard for wireless charging. You can find the list of current QI-enabled cell phones here.


A survey paper on fault tolerance in mobile ad-hoc networks 1.Abstract Mobile ad-hoc networks are infrastructure less, self-configuring wireless networks. They provide flexibility and scalability which not many other networks can provide. But like in many other networks mobile ad-hoc networks also sufer from a few problems from time to time which may happen due to link failure, failure of nodes or network. In this paper we see two different methods provided, one a flooding approach and the other check pointing and rollback method which guarantee fault tolerance service in mobile ad-hoc networks.
MANET’s are a group of autonomous nodes or terminals that communicate with each other. They are connected in such a way that it does not rely on any infrastructure so they are called ad-hoc networks. They maintain connectivity of the network over wireless links. As they are not fixed nodes they move in any direction as per the connection requirements. They make a temporary network and keep changing frequently so their topology is di?¬?cult to predict. They use flooding of data mechanism instead of classical routing.
Our writers can help you with any type of essay. For any subjectGet your price
How it works
Various network devices can be added to this, with each user having a unique network address. All of these devices that are node now in the MANET network act as a router and can receive and forward data to other nodes. As we have previously stated that they are free to move in any direction depending on the network connectivity needs so they are dynamic in nature. The data transmission on MANET’s generally involves multiple nodes so can say it is multi-hop ad-hoc network. Figure 1. Generalized framework of MANET’s There has been many advancements in the field of wireless networks but they face more challenges as well. In MANET’s, the nodes consumer power for communicating with other nodes and for transmitting data.
If the nodes collectively decide the shortest path or fewest nodes to communicate for the successful transmission of data they save a lot of power. The topology network in MANET’s are is called minimum spanning tree graphs. “” The network is said to be k-vertex connected if on removing at most k-1 vertices or nodes even, the network remains connected.”” While choosing the k number of nodes for the graph we choose based on the minimum weight. But sometimes due to many reasons nodes might fail so they cannot be selected based on minimum weight.
In that case we select the nodes based on minimum probability distribution function. The second way of addressing the fault tolerance is by checkpointing and rollback recovery. The authors consider a backbone based mobile ad hoc network which is a type of hierarchical network used for scalability and implementation of e?¬?cient protocols. A BCN ( backbone capable nodes) is used as a virtual backbone by selecting it dynamically. These BCN interconnect neighboring BN (backbone nodes). BCN’s have more powerful radios and are functionally more capable than ordinary nodes.
The BCN’s and other ordinary nodes a?¬?liate with one BN, forming a cluster and BN being its cluster head. The communication uses this backbone nodes and avoids hoping which in turn results in better network performance. If nodes want to communicate with other nodes in the same BN cluster, then routing is straight forward, but if other nodes are in a remote location then the backbone network is used for communication. This mechanism combined with the normal routing protocols provide a fault tolerant communication in mobile ad-hoc networks.In this paper we will see two approaches of to solving these problems, and analyze them to see the advantages and disadvantages for each.
We will see dynamic method with flooding vs hybrid method with distributed clustering approach. Problem formulation: The approach in this method will be by finding nodes for a spanning tree based on some other factors rather than on minimum weighted nodes as any nodes in the network can fail at any point of time due to various reasons. So, we select nodes based on minimum probability distribution function. The minimum spanning tress thus obtained must also be k-connected which means even if at most k-1 vertices are removed, even then the graph must be connected thus preventing the network from failing. We choose based on pdf rather than only minimum weights. We now see the two algorithms that are used in this problem and how they are modified to for a better result.
Dijkstra’s and Kruskal’s are the important algorithms we will use for forming a graph and creating a minimum spanning tree. They are modified little to obtain better results. Here is how Dijkstra’s algorithm works. This algorithm is used to find the shortest path from the initial vertex to every other vertex in a mobile graph. The algorithm assumes all the neighboring vertices from the source vertex have a weight of infinite and its weight as 0. Then through iteration it goes to the next vertex from the source which has the lowest weight. Then, from that node it applies the same approach and covers all other vertices in the graph.
It updates the vertices it has covered and weights from the Current vertex to its neighboring vertex. This whole process is basically determined over all the iterations. Kruskal’s algorithm is greedy type algorithm that is used to find out minimum spanning tree for a connected graph. In this algorithm, it already has the weights of all the vertices in a graph and selects one which have minimum weight with its neighbor. Then it repeats this process until all the vertex in the graph are covered. It selects vertex so that it does not form a cycle in the graph.
Failure model Mobile network is constrained because Mobile hosts have limited computational resources in terms of processing and storage capacity. Their bandwidth is also very limited and dynamic. The failure of wireless mobile environment is mainly due to mobile hosts because their batter power is highly limited. Crash recovery model for mobile hosts for both ON and BCN is considered. Suppose a mobile hosts crashes then its transmission and recovery is stopped until it is recovered completely. It is considered that the failure rate of BN is less than failure of ON. In a scenario if BN fails then the BCN converts to a BN to keep the backbone connected. The algorithm that is proposed takes care of failed BN’s effectively.
Check pointing The nodes within the a cluster belong to the same BN’s and can synchronize their checkpointing procedure. A set of checkpoints, one from each node in the cluster forms a consistent local checkpoint for the cluster. If a cluster has failed then it means that one or more nodes in it has failed. Then, from each cluster a set of local checkpoints form a global checkpoint, but they can’t coordinate with each other due to feasibility problems because of dynamic nature of MANETs.
So checkpointing at each cluster is independent of others Message passing among the checkpoints in a cluster may be useless if the sender is involved in zig zag cycles. So to detect the formation of z-cycles involving the receiver should know if the sender is available. The protocol that proposed eliminates any control messages in the checkpoint process and also add the dependency information of MH node to the application message.


- How does current travel in a circuit?
- What are the different types of circuits?
- How do series and parallel circuits work?
- What are the benefits of using a circuit?
- How can you make a simple circuit?
- What are some common uses for circuits?
- What are some safety tips for working with circuits?
- How can you troubleshoot a circuit?
- What are some common mistakes when working with circuits?
- How can you prevent damage to circuits?
How Does Current Travel in a Circuit? We all know that current flows through a circuit, but how does it actually travel? What is the path that it takes?
Checkout this video:
How does current travel in a circuit?
An electric current is a flow of electrons through a conductor, and it can be caused by several things. The most common way to create an electric current is to have a difference in voltage between two points. This difference in voltage causes the electrons to flow from the point of high voltage to the point of low voltage. In a circuit, the current flows through the wires from the negative terminal of the power source to the positive terminal.
What are the different types of circuits?
There are three types of circuits- parallel, series, and a combination of the two. In a parallel circuit, the current divides and flows along multiple paths. The voltage across each component remains the same. In a series circuit, the current flows through each component one after the other. The voltage drops as it passes through each component. A combination circuit has both characteristics of a parallel and series circuit.
How do series and parallel circuits work?
In a series circuit, each device is connected in a manner whereby there is only one path for the current to flow. The current flows through each device one after the other. If any of the devices in the circuit are disconnected or open, then the entire circuit becomes open and no current will flow.
In a parallel circuit, each device is connected in a manner whereby there are multiple paths for the current to flow. The current can flow through each individualdevice independently of the other devices in the circuit. If any of the devices in the circuit are disconnected or open, then the current can still flow through the other devices that are still connected.
What are the benefits of using a circuit?
There are many benefits of using a circuit. One benefit is that it helps to protect your devices from power surges. Another benefit is that it can help to improve the performance of your devices by running at a higher voltage.
How can you make a simple circuit?
A circuit is a loop of conductor, typically metal wire, through which an electric current can flow. To make a circuit, you need a power source (battery), wires to connect the power source to your load (device that uses electricity), and sometimes a switch.
The easiest way to make a circuit is to use aBattery Holder with Wires. This holder has two leads (wires) that are each about 6” long. You can also use alligator clips to connect the battery holder to your load.
If you want to make a more permanent circuit, you can solder the connections. Soldering is a process of joining two pieces of metal together with a third “filler” metal. The filler metal melts and flows into the space between the two pieces of metal, joining them together. You will need a soldering iron, solder, and something to protect your work surface from the heat of the soldering iron (a wet sponge works well).
What are some common uses for circuits?
Circuits are very important in our everyday lives. They help us to use electricity safely and efficiently. For example, circuits are used in:
-Wiring in our homes
-The electrical components in our cars
-The batteries that power our phones
-Computers and other electronic devices
What are some safety tips for working with circuits?
When working with circuits, there are a few safety tips to keep in mind:
– Always disconnect the power supply before starting work on a circuit.
– Be aware of the risk of shock. Use insulated tools and wear rubber gloves if necessary.
– Be careful not to short-circuit anything. This can damage components and cause fires.
– Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.
How can you troubleshoot a circuit?
One way to troubleshoot a circuit is to check the current. To do this, you’ll need a multimeter set to its “DC current” range. You can check the current in two ways: by measuring the voltage drop across a resistor in the circuit, or by measuring the voltage at a point in the circuit and comparing it to the voltage of the power source.
What are some common mistakes when working with circuits?
When learning about circuits, it’s important to understand the difference between current and voltage. Current is the flow of electrons in a circuit, while voltage is the potential difference between two points in a circuit. Both are measured in units of amperes (amps) and volts, respectively.
One common mistake when working with circuits is confusion between these two quantities. Another mistake is to assume that the current in a circuit is constant. In fact, the current in a circuit can vary depending on the resistance of the material through which it is flowing (ohms).
When designing or repairing electrical circuits, it’s important to be aware of these potential mistakes. With a little practice, you can avoid them and ensure that your circuits are functioning properly.
How can you prevent damage to circuits?
There are several ways to prevent damage to circuits. One way is to use a fuse. A fuse is a small piece of wire that melts when too much current flows through it. This breaks the circuit and prevents damage to the wires. Another way to prevent damage is to use a circuit breaker. A circuit breaker is a switch that automatically turns off when too much current flows through it. This also prevents damage to the wires.


Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Trunking is the use of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) to deliver a dial tone or telephone line to a site's phone system, or Private Branch Exchange (PBX). Basically, it brings the exact same functionality of the traditional telephone line from your local Bell company, but usually at a fraction of the price. SIP Trunking will use your internet connection to deliver the dial tone into your ethernet network.
SIP Trunking is the easiest, quickest and pain-free way to deliver VoIP services into your company or organization, while at the same time providing instant and significant cost savings on your telecom bill. Contact us today to receive a free, no obligation quote on our SIP Trunking services for companies or organizations of all sizes.
InTeleSync is a Software as a Service (SaaS) offering for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) solutions. Extra benefits include managed and secured networking and wireless connectivity. All customers of InTeleSync will receive personalized, on-site consultation and training by actual, real-life people.


About the Author
Steve is the founder of Connect2Field. He loves helping business use technology to improve the way their business operates. When away from the office he enjoys scuba diving, playing floorball or racing down a mountain on his snowboard.
Over the past month we have moved our phone system to a cloud PBX. Using a cloud PBX is the same concept as using a cloud software provider like Connect2Field. You don’t have to worry about updates, redundancies or have the skills internally to manage the phone system. Similar to Connect2Field you enter in an address to connect to the service and you’re up and running in a matter of minutes.
Previously if you had a team of people in your office, you had to have a phone system physically installed in your office. If you moved office or your business started to grow you had to call the phone guys in to help setup the new phones. It was pretty painful, not to mention expensive.
These days running a phone system is so much easier by using a cloud PBX system. All you need is an internet connection and an IP enabled phone. You simply plug the phone into your network, and once it is configured it will connect to a cloud PBX system.
We used the guys from Coloured Lines which have made the process smooth sailing. We now have phones at multiple office around the world and have a number of features like call recording, time of day routing, on hold music, International numbers are displayed when we call different countries. For example when we call our USA customers our USA number appears and call quality is like we are in the USA. Moving our PBX to the cloud has allowed us to focus on growing Connect2Field and not have to worry about how our telephone system will cope with the growth. We’ve also saved a lot a heap of money!
You’ll notice now when you call our office your call will be automatically answered by our Interactive Voice Recording (IVR) which will then prompt you to dial 1 for Getting Started, 2 for Support and 3 for Billing. We added in one more option which is to talk to our CEO.
As part of putting in the cloud PBX we wanted to have some new hold music to put valuable information on there about what’s happening at Connect2Field.
When we looked around on the internet we found a number of companies which offered hold music most charged upwards of $400+
We approached the guys from http://www.voiceoversnow.com.au/ they charged us $150 for our voiceovers and were able to overlay some music into the background.
We were pretty happy with the results so we thought we would share with you here:
If your business is growing, think about using a Cloud PBX system, it’s inexpensive to get up and running and grows as you need it too. Feel free to contact us if you need any advice on the best option.


Patent pending | Product under developing | Design makes difference
Feature 1: ANC with pure audio
There is no hiss and distorted audio signal any more with this new architecture. This new architecture provides separated audio and noise acoustic chambers. Also, it provides separated audio and noise speakers. Thus, audio will no longer mess with noise. Furthermore, one level of active noise cancelling process and two level of passive noise reduction process will provide expensive IEMs perfect isolation from noisy environment, so people could enjoy Hi-Fi pure audio brought by high end IEMs, cables and audio sources.
Feature 2: Broad IEMs compatibility
This new architecture offers plug-in or wireless approaches to connect this device to broad range of IEMs
FEATURE 3: ADDING BLUETOOTH, ANC AND BATTERY CAPACITY TO CUSTOMERIZED HIGH-END IEMS
After IEMs plug in or wireless connect to this device, this device will provide IEMs with Bluetooth, ANC and battery capacity.
Feature 4: 45 dB wide range noise reduction
This new architecture comes with an optimized active noise cancelling IEM, so that the overall device will reach up to 45 dB wide range noise reduction performance. This DeepANCTM technology will make you feel like sitting in a quiet room even in a Boeing 787 flight.
Feature 5: one device multi-mode operation
This new architecture will provide customers three operating modes to select in the device: Pure audio, Deep ANC or Monitoring


10 Things We All Hate About apple usb-c to lightning cable
I am a fan of apple usb-c cables for powering devices and accessories. Since I am using the apple usb-c to charge my iphone, I thought it would be helpful to share with you how to install and use the apple usb cable to charge your iphone.
The thing about usb cables is that they can be expensive. It gets better though, because they have a few more uses than just charging your own phone. The apple usb cable, in particular, was designed for connecting it to an iphone 3g, or any other usb device that has a micro USB port, allowing you to charge it wirelessly. It also works with the apple icc cable for charging your macbook.
The apple usb cable has a microUSB port, so it can be used with micro USB devices. In particular, it can be used to charge a iphone 3g and any other usb devices that have a micro USB port (i.e., any device that’s able to connect to the “Micro” USB port on your phone).
This is a new cable that uses a Lightning connector, so it doesn’t have a micro USB port or a micro USB port. However, it also has a USB port. So you can use it with a phone that doesn’t have a micro USB port. It also has a USB port, so it can be used with any usb device that has a USB port.
The cable also works with the iPhone 3G, 3GS, and 4, but not the iPhone 5, 5s, 5c, 5s Plus, or 6, the 4S, 4, 5, and 6.
The iPhone 5, 5s, 5c, 5s Plus, and 6 are all micro USB based devices, so they have a micro USB port. However, the iPhone 4, 4S, 4, 4S Plus, and 4s, and the 5, 5s, 5c, 6 are not. But all have a USB port.
So how does the cable work so well with all the phone models? Well, it works because Apple makes the USB-C cables that connect the iPhone to your computer, and the cables are compatible with all the phone models. The only problem with this cable is it has an extra 6 pin, rather than 4 pin. So you need to get a 4 pin connector (which costs more than the 6 pin version) and you cant really use it on the iPhone 4 or 4S.
The 5c is the cheapest and it only comes in black, so it’s a bit of a pain to add a color to that. The 6c is also the cheapest and only black, and that’s too much of a pain to use on the iPhone 5 or 5s. The 4s is the priciest and only white, so it’s a bit of a pain to add a color to that.
For those with a 4 or 5c, you can use the 5c to connect it to your iPhone, 4, or 4S. For those with a 4S, you can use the 5c to connect it to your iPhone 5, 5c, or 5c. For those with a 5c, you can use the 5c to connect it to your iPad, iPad Air, iPad mini, or iPad mini.
The Lightning cable is also a bit of a pain to attach to a device. The iPhone 4 and 4s don’t have any problems of this, but the 5s and 5c have some problems of this. For those with a black iPhone 5, you can use a Lightning to Lightning cable to connect it to your iPhone, iPhone 5, or iPhone 5s.


FIIL CANVIIS Noise Cancelling Wireless On-Ear Headphones- White
- FREE TO ROAM - Up to 330 feet of Range
- TAKE CONTROL - Smart Touch Controls on the ear cup to adjust volume and Play/Pause
- RECHARGEABLE BATTERY - Up to 33 hours of play time with an included full function cable for battery free use
- TUNE IT OUT - Active noise cancellation with Noise/Echo Canceling Microphones for clear calls
- DESIGN - Compact foldable design with protein leather and memory foam for maximum comfort
Details: CANVIIS wireless is your perfect on-the-go headphone. With up to 33 hours of listening, CANVIIS is sure to be your go-to travel companion. The 4 microphone Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) signi cantly reduces outside noise making the music and voice calls sound better even at lower volumes. My Audio Filter (MAF) gives you more control over how much of the ambient environ- ment noise you let in. Easily connect to your devices with Bluetooth, with NFC and even a wired option for battery-free listen- ing to in- ight entertainment. Voice prompts make using CANVIIS even easier, and the intuitive touch controls allow for quick adjustment of the volume or music track. The noise rejection and echo cancellation microphones improve how others hear you on voice calls. Wideband speech allows for crystal clear calls from voice chat apps that support HD voice like Skype. Premium protein leather is used for the ear cushions to make wearing them for long periods of time as comfortable as possible. Download the FIIL+ companion App to get access to personalized controls, EQ's, ANC settings and over-the-air software updates to keep your product up to date.
Package Dimensions: 8.4 x 7.1 x 4.3 inches


A new phone, by all measures, achieved impressive success at the time of its official launch. It is presented to us by the American giant Google. Yes, it has the best and largest global search engine. It has already started to manufacture its own phones completely and under full supervision, not like the previous series of Nexus phones that were manufactured by leading phone companies. With the sponsorship of Google, this time Google is looking at us with a fully manufactured phone, and today we will talk about the Google Pixel smartphone, which is the younger brother, as it comes with a 5.0-inch screen and has the lowest battery capacity, as it is equipped with a battery with a capacity of 2770 mAh, and this is the most prominent difference between my two Google phones The new and unexpectedly achieved Google Pixel phone The success is not insignificant, as he got the best smartphone camera so far, according to what he got from a rating of 8.5 points from the DxOMark smartphone camera test site. The phone comes with leading and competitive specifications as it comes with a quad-core processor of the type Qualcomm MSM8996 Snapdragon 821 with 64-bit architecture and memory Random 4 GB RAM, as for the special phone camera, it comes with a 12-megapixel front camera, 4K imaging, and an 8-megapixel front camera, and FullHD imaging. Today, we will show you the most prominent and important advantages and disadvantages of Google Pixel .
Google Pixel phone features
– The phone comes with the latest Android 7.1 Nougat systems, with a guarantee that your phone is automatically updated when Google releases new systems for the coming years.
– A 12-megapixel camera with an f / 2.0 lens slot with dual-LED flash (dual tone) and 4K video shooting, and it is one of the best camera in the world available in a smartphone, according to DxOMark, which specializes in reviewing cameras, the highest rating for a camera found in a smartphone so far, which is 89 points .
front camera, f/2.0 aperture, 1/3.2 sensor size, 1.4 µm pixel size, 1080p quality. – quad – core processor Qualcomm MSM8996 Snapdragon 821 64 – bit and a mesh operates at a frequency (dual – core 2.15 GHz Kryo and dual – core 1.6 GHz Kryo) with a graphical Adreno 530 processor.
4 GB RAM with 32 or 128 GB internal storage.
– A wonderful and elegant design, where the entire structure is made of metal, along with a glass part on the upper back of the phone.
5.0-inch AMOLED screen, FULL HD quality, 441 ppi, Corning Gorilla Glass 4 protection.
The phone supports the fingerprint sensor.
Google provides unlimited space for its users on the Google Photos service, which allows you to upload photos in full quality.
Support for fast charging technology for the phone battery.
– Support for the third version of the USB Type Type-C 1.0 reversible connector that enables you to transfer your files faster .
Disadvantages of Google Pixel phone
– It does not support external storage, which greatly limits your use of the phone if you purchase a 32 GB version.
The phone battery is not the best compared to competing phones.
– The phone is only available with one SIM card.


According to a new report, the successor to the YotaPhone might be unveiled at the MWC 2014 which is set to take place on February 24. The first generation of Yota phone was unveiled at last year’s MWC in Barcelona featuring a dual screen and was up for sale back in December 2013.
While the exact specs of the device is not known yet, the YotaPhone 2 should feature a larger dual screen, a touchscreen on one side while an E-Ink display on the other side with full touch capabilities.
The first generation YotaPhone featured a 4.3-inch, 1280 x 720 pixels display, 640 x 360 pixels E-Ink screen, 1.7GHz dual-core Qualcomm Snapdragon processor, 2GB RAM, 13 MP camera, 1 MP front camera and supported Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and LTE connectivity and came with Android 4.2.2.
The Mobile World Congress is set to take place within a few days on February 24.


Behind the ear, additionally referred to as BTE, hearing aids are by far one of the most commonly made use of style of electronic hearing aid. These electronic hearing aid are actually likewise what lots of people image when listening to help are actually pointed out. The electronic devices which create a BTE electronic hearing aid functionality are housed in a plastic case which matches behind the ear as well as possesses a cylinder that attaches that to an ear mold which suits the ear canal.
They are actually designed to fit the whole entire spectrum from hearing reductions, from the light to the serious. They are actually more noticeable after that listening to help that go with totally in the ear channel, they possess an amount from benefits that appeal to a broad assortment from hearing reduced individuals. Additionally, BTE electronic hearing aid come in a lot of colors, sizes and also shapes. So some responsible for the ear styles are actually considerably a lot less noticeable after that others.
Due to the fact that behind the ear listening device are larger at that point their totally in the channel, or CIC, equivalents, they can more simply house a larger amplifier and also much more powerful electric battery and as a result could be particularly good for individuals along with a much more intense hearing reduction. BTE hearing help are actually also rather functional during that they happen in one of the most conventional analog design along with in the lately maded popular digitally powered style of listening device.
When financial restrictions are actually a concern, responsible for the ear units certainly triumph over electronic hearing aid which match entirely in the ear channel. As a result of their much larger measurements, various other teams from individuals to which BTE hearing help have more charm then CIC designs include the elderly, joint inflammation victims and also others along with great motor control handicaps and also relevant problems.
Lastly considering that CIC models necessitate the using from a larger gadget in the channel at that point only the lightweight ear mold connected to BTE listening device, there often tends to be actually much less ear channel irritation along with the former.
In the late 1800s the initial commercially made hearing aids were actually patented as well as appeared to everyone. The initial responsible for the ear listening device emerged over fifty years back.
Prior to this, listening to he has a good point aids were generally amps worn somewhere on the physical body and these were hefty and also expensive, as a result of in part to fast electric battery intake. Along with the arrival from the smaller junction transistor in 1952, common BTE listening device use ended up being even more from a fact.
As a result of to remodelings in the technology of circuitry,1964 viewed an additional boost in operation from BTE units and also using physical body put on listening device went down to much less after that twenty percent. By 1972 prototypes for hearing assistances which may be programmed to a range of listening situations, were actually being actually made. The observing twenty years revealed continuous enhancements as well as advancements in listening device innovation.
Volume managements were actually incorporated to a lot of behind the ear units in the 1990s as well as digital electronic hearing aid began showing up in the mid nineties. There has actually been actually continued brand new appearances in the hearing aid planet ever since such as remanufactured listening devices, non-reusable hearing help and over-the-counter listening device. Who understands what the future from responsible for the ear hearing help technology keeps, the opportunities are actually countless
Behind the ear, likewise recognized as BTE, hearing assistances are far and also away the most commonly utilized style of hearing help. These hearing assistances are likewise just what many people photo when listening to aids are actually mentioned. The electronics which produce a BTE hearing assistance function are housed in a plastic scenario which fits behind the ear as well as possesses a pipe that connects it to an ear mold which fits in the ear canal.
There has been actually carried on brand new arrivals in the hearing aid globe due to the fact that then such as remanufactured hearing aids, non reusable hearing help as well as over the counter hearing assistances.


Exede available in Old Town, Fl from Communication Station Wireless
Exede from Communication Station Wireless represents the next generation of rural internet. With ViaSat's novel brand of technology, which also brought the world WildBlue, Exede leads the online market, passing all expectations that people currently have for a satellite online provider. Download sharper HD movies, larger photos, etc., with greater ease, and send e-mail much faster. The ideal mixture of optimum bandwidth and wireless technology has made it possible even for those who reside in remote rural areas to enjoy the Internet.
Multiple High-Speed Choices
The smart customer can choose from many package options to suit their individual needs as well as their pocketbooks. Starting at just $49.99, you can enjoy a monthly bandwidth of 10GB, great for those who are new to connecting to the net. Those who surf the Internet to do the basics--i.e., read the news, send e-mail and research important topics--will find much to like about this plan. And for just $30 more, you can access twice the capacity at 15GB, enabling the user to watch more movies, send more pictures, and optimize one's media-based online experience. For those who spend a great deal more time on the computer, the 15GB plan is ideally suited; this is the plan that will facilitate the use of graphics heavy sites like YouTube and Facebook. For $129.99 per month, you get the 25GB package that offers the best of the best in our satellite internet service. This 25GB plan is perfect for houses in which many residents surf the net at the same time, and for those who enjoy listening to songs, streaming films and other sizable files. Exede's packages promise you the same quality service and support that ViaSat always gave its customers.
Internet From HughesNet
HughesNet, an alternate provider of satellite broadband service associated with Dish Network, offers similar plans but with additional rules and regulations. This system reaches a top level of 250MB daily, disallowing customers from getting the most from the Internet and its media rich content. In development is a new HughesNet satellite that will provide more access to its wireless internet customers.
Online services hosted by cable companies such as Time Warner, Cox and Comcast restrict patrons to one provider and certain logistic areas in which their Internet cables run. For folks who reside in remote regions, this can pose a decided quandary. Companies such as Time Warner, Cox and Comcast still offer a decent quality cable network.
Google Fiber & Verizon FiOS
New technology is emerging to bring its wired users exceptional internet speeds! Google Fiber and Verizon FiOS both use fiber optic cable which allows for quick web surfing and streaming. By using light to transfer data, the fiber optic cable opens up available bandwidth for users. While there are many speed benefits in using fiber optic cable, the main problem (and it will probably be a problem for years to come) is that it is not available for most people.
This new technology is now available to anyone, anywhere, since its launch in early 2012. Exede guarantees a solid internet connection with satellite bandwidth in every room of your home, regardless how remote your location may be. Unlike HughesNet, Exede utilizes the Ka band bandwidth which is used by satellites with high resolution, thus providing our customers with an uninterrupted connection throughout the day.
This stellar mix of incredible online technology has been developed and perfected to provide the ultimate Internet experience. Everything you wanted to do but couldn't because of slow internet or constant interruptions can now be done with ViaSat's Exede Old Town, Fl from Communication Station Wireless.


The inception of mobile phones marked a revolutionary chapter in the history of communication technology. In the late 20th century, the introduction of the first mobile phones reshaped the way people communicated and laid the foundation for the modern smartphone era.
One of the pioneering mobile phones was the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x, commercially available in 1983. Affectionately known as the “brick phone,” it weighed nearly 2 pounds and stood over a foot tall. Despite its cumbersome design, the DynaTAC 8000x was a breakthrough, providing users with the unprecedented ability to make calls on the go.
Following the DynaTAC, the Motorola MicroTAC entered the scene in 1989, showcasing a more compact and portable design. Its flip phone form factor became an iconic representation of early mobile phones. The MicroTAC’s innovative design paved the way for subsequent mobile phone models, emphasizing the importance of portability and convenience.
Nokia, a key player in the mobile phone industry, introduced the Nokia 1011 in 1992, considered the first commercially available GSM mobile phone. The Nokia 1011 was a pivotal device, featuring an internal antenna and the ability to send text messages—a feature that would become increasingly popular in the years to come.
In 1996, Motorola released the StarTAC, another milestone in mobile phone evolution. Recognized as the first clamshell or flip phone, the StarTAC combined a sleek design with practicality, allowing users to easily answer and end calls by flipping open or closing the phone. This marked a significant departure from the bulkier designs of its predecessors.
As mobile phone technology advanced, so did the features of these devices. The Ericsson R380, introduced in 2000, was one of the first mobile phones to incorporate PDA-like functions, including a touchscreen interface and the ability to run applications. This laid the groundwork for the convergence of communication and computing in future mobile devices.
In retrospect, these early mobile phones may seem archaic compared to the sleek and multifunctional smartphones of today. However, their significance in shaping the trajectory of mobile technology cannot be overstated. The Motorola DynaTAC, MicroTAC, Nokia 1011, Motorola StarTAC, and Ericsson R380 are not just artifacts of the past; they are the forefathers of the devices that have become indispensable in our daily lives.


CNOR300 - S4 bidirectional optical workstation is a optical node with high performance index, multifunction, four ports output . it is designed for developing HFC network into bidirectional and multifunctional network. As a network access node, it completes photoelectric conversion, and also operates some device node functions, such as centralized management, signal distribution, information collection etc.
CNOR300 - S4 bidirectional optical workstation has four independent bidirectional high level output ports and network management connector. The output level of each port can be as high as 108 dBuV, and the port can be extensible to output up to 112 dBuV. By configuring network transponder, which realizes the function of monitor the working state . The whole optical node has forward path bandwidth of 750 MHZ or 862 MHZ, and the reverse channel can be determined flexibly by choosing different bidirectional filters.
Product Features 1. Four output ports has multiplicative power with gallium arsenide module. 2. With 25 V current pass capability. 3. With ability of circuit protection by surge current. 4. Using efficient 40~90 V switching power supply 5. Receiveing 1310/1550 wavelength forward 6. Providing 6 standard connectors of optical adapter 7. 4 in 1 or 4 separate circuit reverse feed-back is optional 8. Transmitter and receiver are equipped with LED indicator 9. With working state monitoring and control device 10. Forward output and return all have test port, convenient for operation 11. Medium-sized aluminum shell with excellent waterproof and heat dissipation performance. 12. With four-way high output level and low distortion characteristics. 13. Receiving and return transmitting data by up/down insert ports 14. With four independent forward/reverse channel, output level can be control flexibly 15. Return transmission unit can choose FP or DFB laser.
Item Unit Performance Parameters WR8604HJ Forward Optical Receive Part Optical Parameters Receive Optical Power dBm -9 ~ +2 Suggested Use Range dBm -3 ~ +1 Optical Return Loss dB > 45 Optical Receive Wavelength nm 1100 ~ 1600 Optical Connector Type
FC/APC, SC/APC (or specified by the user) Optical Fiber Type
Single Mode Link Performance C/N dB ≥ 51 C/CTB dB ≥ 65 C/CSO dB ≥ 60 RF Parameters Frequency Range MHz 45/85~862 Flatness in Band dB ±0.75 Rated Output Level dBμV ≥ 108 Max Output Level dBμV ≥ 112 Output Return Loss dB ≥16 Output Impedance Ω 75 Reverse Optical Transmit Part Optical Parameters Optical Transmit Wavelength nm 1310±10, 1550±10 or specified by the user Laser Type
DFB or FP laser Output Optical Power mW 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 Optical Connector Type
SC/APC (or specified by the user) RF Parameters Frequency Range MHz 5 ~ 30/65 (or specified by the user) Flatness in Band dB ±1.5 Input Level dBμV 75~85 Input Return Loss dB ≥ 16 Output Impedance Ω 75 NPR dynamic range dB ≥15(NPR≥30 dB) Use DFB laser ≥10(NPR≥30 dB) Use FP laser General Performance Power Voltage V A:AC 135~250 V/50Hz; B:AC(DC)35~90V/50Hz Operation Temperature ºC -30~+70 Storage Temperature ºC -30~+70 Relative Humidity % Max 95% non-condensing Consumption W ≤70 Dimension mm 430(L) 250(W) 170(H)


The UK railway network is a complex and intricate system that plays a crucial role in the country’s transportation infrastructure. Safety is paramount in the operation of this vast network, and numerous technologies and systems are in place to ensure the well-being of passengers and employees. One such vital safety system is the Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS). In this article, we will delve into how TPWS works on the UK railway network, its components, and its role in preventing accidents and ensuring the safety of all those involved in rail travel.
The Need for TPWS
Railway accidents, although infrequent, can have catastrophic consequences. Historically, accidents like the Clapham Junction rail crash in 1988 and the Southall rail crash in 1997 highlighted the need for advanced safety systems on the UK railway network. In response to these incidents and other safety concerns, TPWS was developed and implemented as a crucial safety measure.
Components of TPWS
TPWS consists of several key components that work together to monitor and control trains’ speed and distance from each other. These components include:
1. **Trainborne Equipment:** Each train on the UK railway network is equipped with a TPWS device that interfaces with the onboard computer systems. This device receives and processes signals from trackside equipment and takes appropriate actions to control the train’s speed and bring it to a stop if necessary.
2. **Balise:** Balises are small transponders installed along the tracks at specific locations. These transponders communicate with the trainborne equipment by emitting electromagnetic signals that carry information about the track ahead. The balises are strategically placed to provide information about upcoming speed restrictions, signals, and potential hazards.
3. **Loop Sensors:** Loop sensors are embedded in the tracks and are used to detect the presence of trains. They provide information about a train’s location and speed to the TPWS system, helping ensure that trains maintain safe distances from each other.
4. **Driver’s Display Unit (DDU):** The DDU is an interface in the train’s cab that displays information from the TPWS system to the driver. It provides visual and audible warnings and instructions, allowing the driver to take appropriate action when necessary.
How TPWS Works
TPWS primarily operates based on the principle of monitoring a train’s speed and location relative to trackside signals and speed restrictions. Here’s how TPWS works:
1. **Monitoring Speed:** As a train approaches a balise, the trainborne equipment reads the signal emitted by the balise. This signal contains information about the upcoming track conditions, including speed restrictions. If the train is traveling above the permissible speed, the TPWS system will activate.
2. **Warning and Intervention:** When the TPWS system detects that the train is exceeding the allowed speed, it provides a warning to the driver through the DDU. The warning is both visual and auditory, ensuring that the driver is aware of the situation.
3. **Automatic Brake Application:** If the driver does not take corrective action to slow down the train within a specified time frame, the TPWS system will automatically apply the brakes, bringing the train to a controlled stop. This intervention is crucial in preventing accidents due to excessive speed.
4. **Emergency Situations:** TPWS also plays a crucial role in emergency situations. It can trigger automatic emergency braking if a train passes a signal displaying a red aspect, indicating a danger ahead.
Benefits of TPWS
The implementation of TPWS on the UK railway network has significantly improved safety. Some of the key benefits include:
1. **Reduced Risk of Collisions:** TPWS helps prevent collisions by enforcing speed restrictions and automatically stopping trains in case of violations.
2. **Enhanced Passenger Safety:** Passengers can travel with greater peace of mind, knowing that the railway network incorporates advanced safety measures.
3. **Protection of Track Workers:** TPWS also enhances the safety of railway employees working on or near the tracks by reducing the risk of train-related accidents.
4. **Improved Reliability:** By ensuring that trains adhere to speed limits and signals, TPWS helps maintain a reliable and efficient railway service.
The Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS) is a critical safety component of the UK railway network. By monitoring train speed and enforcing speed restrictions, TPWS plays a pivotal role in preventing accidents, protecting passengers and railway workers, and enhancing the overall safety and reliability of the railway system. As technology continues to advance, it is likely that railway safety systems like TPWS will continue to evolve, ensuring that rail travel remains one of the safest modes of transportation in the UK.


Our secondary system design engineers produce Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT) and Site Acceptance Testing (SAT) procedures, as well as commissioning plans which are developed specifically in accordance with the project scope of works as part of the design process.
Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT)
Before equipment is sent to site, a full series of Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT) are conducted and comprehensive FAT documentation is produced. The Factory Acceptance Tests range from general wiring tests through to full functional testing of relays/logic and communications back to a SCADA master station simulator. As part of the FAT procedure, the secondary drawings are also revised to factory "As built" prior to issuing for final construction.
Site Acceptance Testing (SAT)
Our engineers lead the testing teams to ensure that the installed equipment meets the design requirements. A full series of Site Acceptance Tests (SAT) are conducted and comprehensive SAT documentation is produced which is made available to the client prior to energisation of equipment.
We have vast experience in the commissioning of HV substations and switchyards including the critical aspects of secondary circuit isolations in existing substations.
Testing Service include:
- Protection relay and scheme testing upgrades
- Power station generation control testing and upgrades
- Medium and low voltage switchboard testing
- High voltage motor and generator testing
- High voltage substation testing
- Transformer testing
- AC and DC pressure testing of power cables
- Current Transformer & Voltage Transformer testing and upgrades
- High and medium voltage cable testing
- Substation batteries and charger testing
- Surge arrester testing
- Busbar inspection and testing
- Power factor correction system testing
- Power generation online and offline testing
- Medium and low voltage circuit breaker testing
- Earth testing and surveys


Sat4Ever sp. z o.o. was established in 2013 by engineers with long-standing experience in design and installation of satellite systems for commercial, government and military customers.
Our goal is to offer satellite services and products tailored specifically to the customer requirements. Based on our knowledge acquired during many years of work in the satellite industry, we can propose solutions that are optimum in terms of quality and price.
The main area of the company’s activities is lease of capacity of the main satellite operators, such as: SES, Intelsat, RSCC, or Amos Spacecom. The satellite capacity is available in the following bands: C, X, Ku and Ka.
Currently, Sat4Ever delivers services to TV and radio companies using satellite capacity for audio/video distribution and occasional transmissions from sports and cultural events.
Our offer is addressed to all customers looking for reliable satellite transmission (long-term and occasional) in the territory of Poland and all over the world. The company can deliver turnkey solutions for deployment of data/audio/video transmission systems both to commercial (media, telecoms) and governmental customers.
The company is registered as a telecommunication operator with the appropriate Polish government office (UKE).


Their problem? Solved.
NBN Co is the government-owned company constructing Australia’s national broadband network. In utilising a number of design and construction partners, NBN develop comprehensive design rules for ensuring consistency and quality of the network.
In undertaking data quality and design validation checks of fibre network designs from an overseas design partner, Spatial Partners discovered the NBN design rules were resulting in excessive and unnecessary construction work.
Our solution was to undertake an analysis of the impact of a non-critical design rule across an entire suburb. Our analysis was undertaken using our own product DENIS together with FME.
The result was the identification of $600,000 worth of unnecessary construction in just one suburb. This represented an unnecessary cost of $1000 per premise. Quantifying the impact enabled negotiations between the construction partner and NBN which resulted in a change to the design requirements leading to considerable savings for NBN and other construction partners.


6 Essential Device Setups For Businesses
Businesses use several technologies in the modern world. Business owners must have those technologies to survive in the highly competitive world. Setting computers and related accessories are the primaries for starting a new office. Nowadays, there are several service providers available for doing such work in the given time. Melbourne, like other cities of Australia, has several well-experienced service providers. One can find such services by searching for Computer Repairs Near Me on the internet. These service providers can set up all the necessary systems with perfection. Another advantage of giving the job to the same service provider is that all the operations will be integrated and well planned. It will reduce confusions and problems that otherwise may occur. Also, when the maintenance service is also by the same agency, it will be easier.
The must-have systems for every business, regardless of their field, are:
- Centralised internet connection: The Internet is an unavoidable part of modern business. It is significant for many purposes, including data transfer, marketing, etc. Due to the significance, it is always better to have a high-speed, uninterrupted connection. To achieve this, the service providers will use several wifi routers and direct cable connections. Only a well-experienced service provider will have the plan for such installation.
- Data Cabling: Flow of uninterrupted data makes an organisation efficient. This state is achieved when the data cabling to the office and within the office is done with care. The service provider will choose the right cables for data transfer and various supporting devices to achieve efficient connection. Data cabling also requires well thought out plan and design. It will make the process more manageable, and all the future work on it will be more simplistic.
- Data storage facilities: Data storage is significant for every company these days. For this, the companies need to establish a well-equipped data centre. In such data centres, every data that every system uses will be stored efficiently. This feature helps the organisation to eliminate the chance of data loss. Also, this reduces the low storage capacity of the individual systems.
- CCTV and surveillance: Security of the office premises is the sole responsibility of the organisation. It is usually preferable to install CCTV cameras and other surveillance systems to avoid any issues. These systems will be able to record every moment, and these recordings can be used at the time of need. In the modern world, there are several advanced surveillance systems available with various equipment. Choose the best service provider with experience for this purpose to have the best result.
- Computers and peripheral devices: Computers are the most basic need for any organisation. In Australia, Companies in Melbourne will have an extensive network of interconnected computers and their peripheral devices. By arranging them properly, the company can function faster and efficiently. Not only installing but maintaining these devices is also a prominent concern for companies. The easiest way to eliminate problems while installation and maintenance are to search for Computer Repairs Near Me. Choosing the best service provider near the office will reduce the time taken to start their operation.
- Internet security: Internet security threats are a growing concern for every organisation. The lack of internet security can result in a total loss of data. This scenario is highly unpropitious for any organisation. Viruses and hackers are constantly looking for a vulnerability in the system. To avoid this problem, the companies can employ some protection after consulting with the service providers. The installation of antiviruses and the use of spam filters can eliminate this threat to an extent.
Also Read: How To Fix [pii_email_355f99a9c684c0f15d2c] Error Code Solved ?Tags: Computer Repairs Near Me


Beijing Bluetop Technology Inc. is a high-tech enterprise based on the monitoring and supervision of radio, television and audio-visual programs, focusing on the audio and video field, providing products and services for IPTV, OTT, Internet and other all media industries. The company was established in February 1999 with a registered capital of 50 million yuan.
The company adheres to the corporate mission of "protect media security by technology", and continuously researches and explores new technologies, new concepts and new applications of radio and television, multimedia and Internet. The product mode has changed from the original single type and link type equipment to the comprehensive system integration platform based on the integration of content identification and intelligent analysis, and uses cloud computing, big data and artificial resources Intelligent and other advanced technologies are constantly expanding and innovating in the integration and intellectualization of products and services. After more than 20 years of technology accumulation, Bluetop has transformed from an equipment provider to a large-scale system integrator, providing customers with one-stop solutions.
The company has established in-depth cooperation with the supervision center of the State Administration of radio and television, the radio Bureau of the State Administration of radio and television, the live satellite management center of the State Administration of radio and television, China Central Radio and television, provincial and municipal radio and television monitoring and installation centers, radio and television stations, cable television network companies, IPTV / Ott and other new media operators, wireless transmitting stations, etc., and has contracted to build nearly 1000 Project, business covers the whole country. At the same time, with professional system equipment and high-quality technical services, the business has expanded to overseas markets.
Bluetop adheres to the core concept of "customer first, honest and trustworthy, struggle oriented, continuous innovation", and will, as always, adhere to the advanced technology and stable products to serve the majority of users!


Security Logistics Intelligence Construction Engineering Company is a company that provide Security Engineering for Engineering/Architectural Services. SLICE has over 20 years delivered innovative technology and collaborating with some of the finest talent in the engineering field. The systems engineering role includes architecture development, CONOPS development, trade studies, requirements analysis and allocation to hardware/software configuration items, and integration validation and verification. System Security Engineer (SSE) in most cases addresses embedded cyber security and COMSEC on communication systems. The SSE will ensure the team understands system security requirements, provide design guidance to secure the systems, document the security design, and coordinate with customer and security organizations. We have over 10 years of engineering experience with 8 years of experience in embedded cyber security and/or COMSEC on communication systems. SLICE has over 18 years’ experience analyzing government security requirements (i.e., IASRD, TSRD, RMF, Program Protection Plans, etc.) and deriving requirements for a compliant communication system. SLICE has an additional 20 years of Air Force Intelligence experience where we dissecting operations of aircrafts, missiles, radars and other sensors for aircraft, spacecraft and ships. We are subject matter expert of the UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (JFC) DoD Security Engineering Facilities Planning Manual, a criterion that deals with the assets to be protected, the threats to those assets, the levels to which those assets are to be protected against those threats, and any design constraints imposed by facility users. Our principals provide investigating and evaluating of advanced technologies and their applicability to help satisfy operational capability gaps; providing assessment and guidance to the development of IT architecture improvements, analytics, processing, and communications capabilities; transitioning commercial, laboratory, and university developed advanced technologies into INSCOM, Army, DoD or other operational baselines; advising and assisting Government PMs in management of sponsored technology initiatives; with years’ experience in management of R&D or Applied Engineering programs/projects. Our team investigates, recommends and applies emerging IT and network technologies; plan and integrate system transition strategies ensuring system supportability within existing large and complex system facilities and infrastructure; analysis of architectures and devices, to include wireless devices, used to transfer voice, data, and imagery. Individual will provide planning, design, and operational support for system communication and network management tools to include integration within existing architectures.Get in touch today
Security Engineering Expertise
Our services include engineering planning and review including site surveys, design, procurement and acquisition, and design review functions. SLICE applies the 30 years of security, intelligence, counterintelligence, and engineering experience in supporting security concepts, principles and practices to analyze and resolve difficult and complex security issues. We provide recommendations and guidance for new facilities and those to be renovated. Our security engineering professional analyze complex government and commercial security issues and provide cost-effective recommendations that meet policy requirements. To accomplish our security engineering functions, we perform and conduct site security surveys, including compliance of technology equipment supporting SCIFs and collateral areas (e.g., access control, intrusion detection systems, locks, etc.). Our personnel provide guidance on implementing security requirements. We trouble shoot and track software and hardware issues and take corrective issues before system malfunctions. There is no better company in providing system capability and skills for programing and implementation of the badging, CCTV, alarm, etc.) to ensure operational readiness of facility and classified functions in overseas locations. Other systems engineering support including hardware and software design, cross domain designs, red/black separations, identification management, and development in support of physical security applications, data applications, and data backup and recovery through analysis, planning, execution, operations, and maintenance; enhancement of information systems security programs, policies, procedures, and tools.
Perform systems operation and failure analysis.
Integrate physical security data applications in order to meet the security and operational needs of an organization as well as formulating and implementing new programs and developing new theories, concepts, principles, standards and methods. Our SME provides system-engineering support in the area of physical security system applications to include Access Control System, Intrusion Detection, Visitor Management System, Closed Circuit Television/ Video Monitoring System, Intelligence Community Badging System, Perimeter Intrusion Detection System, and Intercom system. We have served as a system engineer in planning, designing, and implementing IT systems to meet the operational security requirements of customer organizations.


IP (Internet Protocol) Cameras always perform the basic analog CCTV cameras in terms of video quality, features, and integration with other security devices. IP cameras are computer network-based cameras that create a network with NVR (Network Video Recorder). In analog cameras we have DVR but in IP camera system operates on NVR. Best Cameras to secure large premises like big homes and areas. It provides an extra layer of security with a plethora of features.
1. Siren & Strobe
It generates a siren and flashlight when it detects any motion in a defined area.
2. Motion detection
Provides more advanced features of motion detection with no false-positive than basic CCTV systems
3. Smart Tracking
If you install a PTZ camera with an IP cameras system, then PTZ cameras will track the intruder wherever it moves in your premises.
4. Prerecorded Messages
It can play prerecorded messages to alert the intruder that the owner is watching you. Recorded messages will play from the built-in speaker installed in IP cameras.
You can integrate your IP camera system with the speaker to make an announcement if an intruder trespasses your property, you can integrate it with security alarms, heat sensors, and smoke sensors.
6. Audio Recording
Ip CCTV cameras can record clear audio even from a distance of 20 meters.
7. App connectivity
You can connect your CCTV system with a mobile app and keep an eye on your property from anywhere.
8. Recording Schedule
Recording can be scheduled according to your need and you can play it back whenever you want.
9. Video Quality
IP Security cameras can record video with 20 to 25 frames per second while a basic CCTV system can record only 8 to 10 frames per second. IP cameras have sharper and clearer images than analog cameras.
10. Night Vision
Provides clear night vision at night and detects small movements accurately during nighttime.
IP surveillance cameras are expensive than basic but provide extreme security options to secure premises from intruders. These digital CCTV cameras are best when you need extreme security. Integration of various security devices is the most valuable feature of these cameras.
Wireless IP camera is also available in the market, but wireless connectivity is not stable and doesn’t provide video quality as compared to wired IP cameras. We don’t recommend a wifi IP camera to our customers because it will need a change of batteries after a couple of months which is a hassle for customers.
We advise our customers not to hire any unprofessional CCTV installer for IP CCTV camera installation because IP camera setup requires the knowledge of computer networks to install and configure all its functions. Rentech provides professional service of installation, upgrade, and troubleshooting of CCTV installation Manchester and surroundings. We install Hikvision best IP camera because they are reliable and quality products. We have 10 years of experience in installing and managing IP cameras for homes and businesses.


The network client and server, establish a connection on a port and communicate with each other through unix sockets. The network server blastnetsrv listens on a port for connection requests from remote clients. When the connection is established, the server forks itself, gets the command line arguments and the query sequence, executes the appropriate parallel blast program and redirects the results back to the client. When the child process finishes, it sends the signal SIGCHLD to the parent. The parent catches this signal with the wait() system call and gets the exit status for the child. We could ignore this signal, but it is usefull for statistical reasons, to know how many requests succeeded. By starting for each request a new process, many requests can be treated simultanaeously. Our network server uses the same protocol as the network client program from NCBI.


[Planetlab-users] Raw socket's functions stripped?
michal at cs.vu.nl
Tue Jul 19 16:37:23 EDT 2005
>> Could you also check whether you can see a complete TCP handshake?
>> I can only see SYN and ACK (but not SYNACK) when opening a TCP connection
>> to a server running on a planetlab node.
> Here's a snippet of a "tethereal -i vnet" run on planetlab-1 while running
> "curl http://www.yahoo.com/":
Yeah, I observe similar results when using tpcdump. I actually identified
the problem: it seems that it somehow matters what sll.sll_protocol value
is used when binding the socket. If that value is htons(ETH_P_IP), as you
recommend, then only outgoing packets are retrieved. However, if I set it
to htons(ETH_P_ALL), then I can read packets transmitted in either
direction. Here is the code:
if ((sock=socket(PF_PACKET,SOCK_DGRAM,htons(ETH_P_ALL)))==-1) fatal("monitor:socket");
sll.sll_family = PF_PACKET;
sll.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_ALL); /* <<< HERE <<< */
sll.sll_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex;
if (bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&sll,sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll))==-1) fatal("monitor:bind");
It is not entirely clear why it happens, and it can actually qualify as a
bug. But anyway, it is good to finally have it working properly.
More information about the Users


Communications is staffed with ten Public Safety Dispatchers and is supervised by a Communications Supervisor who oversees the day-to-day operations of the unit.
Public Safety Dispatchers receive and process all emergency and non-emergency telephone calls for service. In 2010, the Communications Division received over 65,300 emergency and non-emergency phone calls from the community while handling radio transmissions and documentation for 38,000 Police events. Communications personnel dispatch police resources to calls for service and track the progress of the calls using a Computer-Aided Dispatch system. Dispatchers initiate the response of the Alameda County Fire Department and an ambulance service for medical aid calls received. Communications personnel constantly update the status of officers in the field.
Communications personnel update information in statewide and nationwide computer systems regarding the status of warrants, stolen vehicles, stolen property, and missing persons as the status is changed by the actions of the police officers in the field.
Public Safety Dispatchers handle requests from police patrol units and other specialized units. Communications personnel also coordinate emergency and non-emergency information with other law enforcement agencies.
Newark Police Department Communications personnel are cross-trained in police dispatch and 9-1-1 telephone operations, as well as non-emergency telephone operations. Some Dispatchers have received additional training as Tactical Dispatchers to support the S.W.A.T. and Hostage Negotiations Teams.


BlackBerry is a line of mobile e-mail and smartphone devices developed and designed by Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) since 1999.
BlackBerry phones function as a personal digital assistant and portable media player. They are primarily known for their ability to send and receive (push) Internet e-mail wherever mobile network service coverage is present, or through Wi-Fi connectivity. They support a large array of instant messaging features, including BlackBerry Messenger.
BlackBerry commands a 14.8% share of worldwide smartphone sales, making it the fifth most popular device manufacturer after Nokia, Samsung, LG, and Apple. The consumer BlackBerry Internet Service is available in 91 countries worldwide on over 500 mobile service operators using various mobile technologies.
Modern GSM-based BlackBerry handhelds incorporate an ARM 7, 9 or ARM 11 processor, while older BlackBerry 950 and 957 handhelds used Mudit 80386 processors. The latest GSM BlackBerry models (9100, 9300 and 9700 series) have an Intel PXA930 624 MHz processor, 256 MB (or 4 GB in the Torch 9800) flash memory and 265 MB SDRAM. CDMA BlackBerry smartphones are based on Qualcomm MSM6x00 chipsets which also include the ARM 9-based processor and GSM 900/1800 roaming (as the case with the 8830 and 9500) and include up to 256MB flash memory. The CDMA Bold 9650 is the first to have 512MB flash memory for applications. All BlackBerrys after OS 5 support up to 32 GB microSD cards.


Multitouch Haptic Interface with Movable Touch Screen
We have been developing a multitouch haptic interface equipped with a movable touchscreen. When the relative position of two of a user’s fingertips is fixed on a touchscreen, the fingers can be considered a hand-shaped rigid object. In such situations, a reaction force can be exerted on each finger using a three degrees of freedom (3DOF) haptic interface. In this study, a prototype 3DOF haptic interface system comprising a touchscreen, a 6-axis force sensor, an X-Y stage, and a capstan drive system was developed. The developed system estimates the input force from fingers using sensor data and each finger’s position. Further, the system generates reaction forces from virtual objects to the user’s fingertips by controlling the static frictional force between each of the user’s fingertips and the screen. The system enables users to perceive the shape of two-dimensional virtual objects displayed on the screen and translate/rotate them with their fingers. Moreover, users can deform elastic virtual objects, and feel their rigidity.
SIIGRAPH Asia 2015
Asia Haptics 2016


Don’t take chances with your cabling and wiring
Your business networks and communications depend on the quality of your cabling and wiring. Artemis provides professional cabling and wiring services and systems that will give you exceptional performance, manageability, reliability, and scalability.
As global communication services expand and multiply, it becomes increasingly essential to integrate them into your total information system.
Artemis provides a full range of telephony hardware and services to implement solutions with ultimate flexibility and expandability to ensure that you have the right equipment to build your system even as your requirements change.
Our licensed and certified engineers will analyze your business needs and make targeted recommendations for network improvements that will provide the best return on investment.
Cabling and Wiring Technicians from Artemis can quickly
and affordably perform:
- Network cabling – including needs analysis and system design
- Data cabling – design and installation
- Communications cabling – landline telephony and VoIP
- Cable and wiring repair – diagnosis and repair of problems
- Cabling and wiring moves and adds – for any incremental changes to your system
- Structured cabling – for building or office backbone connections
- Server rack cabling – organized, labeled, and professionally organized
Artemis provides equipment and expertise that will allow you to:
Capitalize on every opportunity
More effective voice mail management
Help your employees quickly find the best way to connect with colleagues and prospects