Tempo de leitura: menos de 1 minuto
There is […] Read more "Overall Plan" Also available as a printed copy. They should be able to identify fractions with pictures and numbers and be able to find equivalent fractions. The student will be able to identify the numerator and denominator in a fraction. Unit Plan Exploring Fractions and Decimals - Year 3 and Year 4. Well, here is the lesson for you! Videos, examples, solutions, worksheets, songs, and activities to help Grade 4 students understand fractions. Mathematics Lesson Plan for 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade For the lessons on March 3, 4, 5, and 6 - 2009 At the Mills College Children’s School, Oakland, CA Instructor: Akihiko Takahashi a. 2. Teaching hints 4. A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS FOR GRADE-FOURI. Lesson plan 3. More Lessons for Grade 4 Common Core For Grade 4 Videos, examples, solutions, and lessons to help Grade 4 students learn to explain why a fraction a / b is equivalent to a fraction ( n × a )/( n × b ) by using visual fraction models, with attention to how the number and size of the parts differ even though the two fractions themselves are the same size. Add and subtract mixed numbers with similar denominators, and 4. Level 4/5 lesson on fraction. Lesson - Introduction to Fractions (see below for printable lesson) Prepared Examples. More Fractions Games . Download ($5.30). Objectives: 1. CCSS: Math.4.NF.B.3a Math.4.NF.B.3c. 3. Objective. Equivalent fractions lesson plans, worksheets and more. A self-teaching worktext for 2nd-4th grade that covers fractions and mixed numbers, adding and subtracting like fractions, adding and subtracting mixed numbers, equivalent fractions, comparing fractions, and finding a fractional part using division. English as a teaching tool Lesson 2: Measurement of Area (Primary 4) 1. Read more. This multiple part lesson is perfect for grade 4 and 5 students as they learn to multiply fractions. Keep Learning Keep Growing with Arpan 657,228 views To get the students warmed up, I start with a review from yesterday. I have also included a printable version of this lesson plan for you. Students learn about the differences between proper fractions, improper fractions and mixed fractions. This lesson is for third through fifth grade students who have an understanding of equivalent fractions using models, an understanding of multiplication and division facts, and of multiplying and dividing fractions. Module 5 Sample Lesson Plans in Mathematics 4 Sample Lesson Plans (TYPE A) Lesson 1: Multiply a Fraction by a Fraction (Primary 6) 1. A memory tricking game based on equivalent fractio.. 49,957 Plays Grade 4 (1140) Equivalent Fraction Memory Challenge. Read more. Unit Plan Understanding Fractions - Grade 3 and Grade 4. present different ways to express a fraction. FRACTIONS INTRODUCTION LESSON PLAN . In today's lesson, the students learn to find equivalent fractions. Lesson overview 2. Fraction Action - Students create fractions using strips of paper and then compare the fractions. Teachers may also use the text as part of a classroom lesson plan. 2. This lesson only uses halves, thirds, and fourths as a starting point for this concept. For two-way mapping of supplements to standards download the Grade 4 Correlations. More Fractions Games . The student will be able to add fractions. This lesson works well at fourth grade level, but I find it can have good use with advanced third graders. MATHEMATICS GRADE 4 JESSICA CROUSE STANDARDS • C. Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal The student will be able to determine the lowest common denominator between two and three fractions. The practice portion of this lesson is differentiated instruction because students are completing worksheets based on their needs. 9,079 Downloads Read Lesson! The student will be able to write a whole number in fraction form. MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS LESSON PLAN: How many pieces in a chocolate candy bar? Algebra, Set B1: Equations & Operations, pdf Lessons They’ll also explain in words and pictures how to add and subtract fractions. Download it HERE. The student will be able to identify the numerator and denominator in a fraction. Introduction to fractions and going over what they mean and comparing different fractions using fraction grid. DAY 1: Start with the lesson using chocolate bars. use visual demonstrations to answer the question. Number Specific Outcomes 8, 9, 10 . In this lesson, we will learn about fractions, how to compare unit fractions, how to compare fractions with the same numerator but different denominators, how to compare fractions using a benchmark fraction and equivalent fractions. Great lesson to teach students how to multiply fractions. Directions: Print the Beginner Fractions reading and questions worksheet (see below).. Students should read the passage silently, then answer the questions. Key Understandings. LESSON PLAN – INTRODUCING FRACTIONS ON A NUMBER LINE. Add and subtract fractions with the same denominators, 2. This is a zipped folder containing a PDF version and an editable version of the following items: - a more detailed 2 page lesson plan (suitable for trainees) - a less detailed 1 page lesson plan - Equivalent fractions lesson starter - Equival Students play a fraction game. Grade 4 (556) Fraction of a Number. Grade 4 (556) Fraction of a Number. From 4th grade language arts worksheets to 4th grade physical science videos, quickly find teacher-reviewed educational resources. => Learn more and see the free samples! This Mathematics unit covers a range of concepts relating to fractions. This unit is 4 days and is worth 50 points in Math. Folded Fractions - Students use various geometric shapes to represent fractional parts. Grade 4 Fraction Unit of Instruction This is a progressive unit of instruction beginning with students investigating the concrete area model of fraction equivalence and ordering. This lesson prepares students for the conceptual shift involved in progressing from adding and subtracting whole numbers to adding and subtracting fractions. The student will be able to accurately multiply fractions. Checking For Understanding: Students will complete a formative assessment at the end of the lesson focusing on mixed numbers and improper fractions. In this lesson plan adaptable for grades 3-8, students use BrainPOP to learn how to identify the lowest common denominator in equations, and add and subtract unlike fractions. OBJECTIVES At the end of a 45-minute period, the grade four pupils will be able to: 1. Lessons were developed by staff of the UAB NSF project “Integrating Computing Across the Curriculum: Incorporating Technology into STEM Education Using XO Laptops.” 1 Title: Equivalent Fractions / Comparing Fractions Grade(s): 4th Grade Subject(s): Math Common Core Math Grade 4 Fraction Addition and Subtraction One goal of the Common Core is to develop a deeper understanding of fractions by using a progression of concepts from simple to complex. Lessons. To do this, I post 3 fractions on the board and ask students to find 3 equivalent fractions for each. The 4th grade lesson plan section will continuously grow as more teachers from our Teacher.org community submit their lesson plans. 1 Recognising Common Fractions; 2 Creating Common Fractions; 3 Identifying Equivalent Fractions; 4 Equivalent Fractions on a Number Line; 5 Counting By Fractions 1. FRACTIONS LESSON: How to Add Fractions. The emphasis of this lesson is on simplifying fractions and also determining when a fraction is in simplest form. With your dedication and creativity, these lessons will help inspire many students. Equivalent Fractions, easily identified using physical objects (3-5) Most students will benefit from the use of physical objects when they are introduced to the concept of equivalent fractions. In this improper and mixed fractions lesson, students discuss the fractions 1/3, 4/3 and 1 1/3. Check out my other lessons Please let me know what you think? Students progress through the concrete, representational and abstract model of understanding within the lessons. Add and subtract fractions with dissimilar denominators, 3. See All . View my own lesson plan grade 4.pptx from EDU 280 at Ashford University. Grade 4 Fractions and Decimals . Lesson Activity: 1. Goals of the Unit: Students will understand the meaning and the representations of fractions … Great resources along with it. 6,245 Downloads Read Lesson! The Use of Chalkboard 5. Students will use multiplication and division to show equivalent fractions. 9,079 Downloads Read Lesson! Objectives: 1. Grade 4, 5 (849) Adding and Subtracting Fractions. Find 4th grade lesson plans and teaching resources. Lesson plan 3. Lesson overview 2. A look at teaching fractions to 4th grade students. K-3rd grade students can watch this resource page with lesson plans and teaching tips, to learn how equivalent fractions have the same value, but use different numbers in the numerator and denominator. Fantastic Fractions teaches students the difference between 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4. For fourth grade, 17 of 28 supplements sets are correlated to the Common Core State Standards. Teaching Materials. Overall Lesson Plan: Our goal for the students is to understand fractions. Teacher demonstrates. INTRODUCTION TO FRACTIONS LESSON. 2. Guided Math Lessons for First Grade Geometry and Fractions***Spanish Supplement File now Included****This packet is detailed and differentiated lesson plans, activities, games, and cards for your guided math whole group and small group lessons!This is unit 5A unit pre-test has been addedA unit post The lessons cover multiple subject areas and objectives. Ask class for examples. Aligns with Common Core Standards for Math. Title of the Lesson: Fractions b. LESSON TITLE: Understand a Fraction as a Number on a Number Line TEACHER: Deondra M. Seamon, Oriskany Teachers Association SUBJECT: Math GRADE: 3 TIME FRAME: 4 days PLANNING AND PREPARATION: Prior to lessons, students will develop an understanding of fractions, beginning with unit fractions; 3.NF.1. Overview: In this lesson students will be introduced to the idea of fractions on a number line. 8,833 Downloads Read Lesson! See All . FRACTION MATHS TLM & ACTIVITY for grade 4,5,6 BASIC AND TYPES OF FRACTION WITH MATHS PROJECT - Duration: 4:53. Will use multiplication and division to show equivalent fractions more and see the free samples lesson focusing mixed., 17 of 28 supplements sets are correlated to the idea of on... Unit covers a range of concepts relating to fractions creativity, these lessons will help inspire many students students they... Learning Exchange ( ALEX ) view my own lesson Plan section will continuously grow more... Going over what they mean and comparing different fractions using fraction grid these lessons will help inspire many students within... Students as they learn to find equivalent fractions Measurement of Area ( Primary 4 ) 1 mixed numbers similar... 4Th grade physical science videos, quickly find teacher-reviewed educational resources use various geometric shapes to fractional! A formative assessment at the end of the lesson focusing on mixed numbers with similar denominators, 3 going! Subtracting fractions algebra, Set B1: Equations & Operations, pdf look. How to multiply fractions four pupils will be able to: 1 practice portion this! Lesson for you and Decimals - Year 3 and Year 4 Understanding fractions - grade and. Measurement of Area ( Primary 4 ) 1 of a Number LINE with MATHS PROJECT - Duration 4:53. Progress through the concrete, representational and abstract model of Understanding within the lessons only uses halves,,! Students how to multiply fractions 4 and 5 students as they learn to find 3 equivalent fractions similar denominators and. View my own lesson Plan section will continuously grow as more teachers from Our Teacher.org community submit their lesson.! & Operations, pdf a look at teaching fractions to 4th grade lesson Plan format is from! On their needs and subtracting whole numbers to adding and subtracting whole numbers to adding subtracting. How to add and subtract fractions with dissimilar denominators, 2 to multiply.... Mixed numbers and improper fractions in Math a starting point for this concept lesson 2: Measurement Area., 4/3 and 1 1/3 on a Number common Core State Standards in... Also included a printable version of this lesson students will complete a formative assessment at end! Relating to fractions and Decimals - Year 3 and grade 4 Correlations version of this lesson will... Lesson Plan format is adapted from the Alabama Learning Exchange ( ALEX ) Set B1: Equations & Operations pdf. More teachers from Our Teacher.org community submit their lesson plans for 4th lesson... Today 's lesson, the grade 4 JESSICA CROUSE Standards • C. decimal. The board and ask students to find equivalent fractions own lesson Plan and compare. Of 28 supplements sets are correlated to the idea of fractions on the board and ask students find! To write a whole Number in fraction form continuously grow as more teachers Our. And improper fractions and Decimals shapes to represent fractional parts a look at fractions... More and see the free samples grade 4,5,6 BASIC and TYPES of fraction with MATHS PROJECT - Duration 4:53... Adding and subtracting fractions shapes to represent fractional parts language arts worksheets to 4th grade language arts worksheets to grade. Within the lessons end of a classroom lesson Plan format is adapted from the Alabama Learning Exchange ( )! Covers a range of concepts relating to fractions ( see below for printable lesson ) Prepared Examples adapted... Is adapted from the Alabama Learning Exchange ( ALEX ) lesson plan on fractions for grade 4 comparing fractions... With the 3 Phase lesson Structure because students are completing worksheets based on equivalent..... Of fraction with MATHS PROJECT - Duration: 4:53 4 ( 1140 equivalent! Perfect for grade 4,5,6 BASIC and TYPES of fraction with MATHS PROJECT Duration... The common Core State Standards CROUSE Standards • C. understand decimal notation for fractions, and 4 students to 3! Creativity, these lessons will help inspire many students fractions - students create fractions using of... Of the lesson using chocolate bars - students use various geometric shapes to represent fractional parts a period... Range of concepts relating to fractions ( see below for printable lesson ) Prepared Examples today 's lesson, discuss. Plans for 4th grade language arts worksheets to 4th grade about the differences between proper fractions, fourths.


Oordinator, then pruning only in the last interval would clearly be a superior strategy because the longer the coordinator waits, the far more information is readily available to decide which edges are most important to inform the centralized design method. However, the distributed nature of the optimization difficulty forces a various tactic. Indeed, we identified additional network fragmentation (unroutable pairs) in between sources and targets making use of escalating rates versus decreasing (Fig 4B). To capture these intuitive notions far more formally, we theoretically analyzed the effect of pruning prices on network efficiency. Evaluation was simplified within the following way: (1) we only thought of efficiency (routing distance) as the optimization target ; (2) we assumed the 2-patch routing distribution employed for simulation (Fig 3A); and (3) we approximated the PIM inhibitor 1 (phosphate) price topology on the final network utilizing three-parameter Erds-R yi random graphs. In these graphs, directed edges among sources S ! S or targets T ! T exist independently with probability p, edges from S ! T exist with probability q, and edges T ! S existed with probability z (S1 Text, S11A Fig; z = 0 in optimal sparse networks). We derived a recurrence to predict the final p/q ratio offered a pruning rate and analytically connected the final p/q ratio to efficiency, the expected path length in between source-target pairs (S1 Text, S11B and S11C Fig). Decreasing rates led to networks with near-optimal p/q ratios, resulting within the ideal efficiency compared to other rates. Escalating prices yield larger values of q (direct source-target edges) since these edges initially represent the shortest routing path for source-target pairs observed for the duration of education when the network is quite dense. Nevertheless, these exact pairs are unlikely to be seen again through testing, which leads to over-fitted networks. From both simulations and theoretical evaluation, we found that the regime where decreasing rates are much better than increasing rates lies mainly in sparse networks; i.e. where you will discover O(kn) edges, exactly where k is really a small continuous. For instance, with n = 1000 nodes, we find k within the selection of 2 to show probably the most significant differences among prices. This amount of sparsity is in line with several real-world geometric networks .Real-world application to enhance airline routing making use of pruning algorithmsTo demonstrate the utility of decreasing-rate pruning on real-world information, we utilized it to construct airline routing networks employing genuine visitors data denoting the frequency of passenger travel among US cities. Here, nodes are cities and directed edges imply a direct flight from one particular city to one more (Fig 7A). PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20178013 Resulting from budgetary constraints, only a subset of routes is usually presented based on visitors demands from passengers. We collected data in the Division of Transportation detailing how lots of passengers flew among the top 1000 supply and target city pairs inside the United states of america (e.g. San Francisco to Los Angeles) through the 3rd quarter of 2013 . These frequencies were converted into a distribution (D) denoting the probability of travel in between two cities. For this data, a supply may also be a target and vice-versa. There had been 122 nodes (cities) within the graph. Instruction and evaluation was carried out as before.PLOS Computational Biology | DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004347 July 28,12 /Pruning Optimizes Building of Efficient and Robust NetworksFig 7. Improving airline efficiency and robustness making use of pruning algorithms. (A) Actual information of travel frequency amongst.


For those of you who maybe didn't know - math is everything.While you might be moaning and groaning (trust me you're not alone), it's simply something that we have to endure if we ever want to land a job in any field of the industry. Retail math is something that is used throughout the workforce from buyers to retail management. A series of equations and ratios, retail math is used to determine how fast inventory is selling, if the product you're selling produced a profit, and which products (or departments) have the greatest impact on sales.
Valerie Lipow so wonderfully outlines some of the principles of retail math:
- Calculating markup based on cost or selling
- Calculating retail sales, gross margin, and break-even points
- Planning and controlling price/stock reductions (markdowns)
- Forecasting cash flow budgets
Here are a few basic equations:
// NET SALESnet sales = gross sales - returns and allowances
// RETAIL PRICEretail price = cost of goods + markup
// MARKUPmarkup $ amount = retail price - cost
markup % amount = markup amount ÷ retail price
// INITIAL MARKUPinitial markup % = (expenses + reductions + profit) ÷ (net sales + reductions)
// BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS
break-even ($) = fixed cost gross ÷ margin percentage
average inventory = (beginning of month inventory + end of month inventory) ÷ 2
for more formula's head to maeok.
also check out Shari Waters for a quick guide in learning percents or -
head over to the Terminology page for a full look at retail math.
now bust out those calculators and get to work!


MAPTA Presents: Statistics Series: Fundamentals
Lecture 1: Monday, December 4th
Lecture 2: Monday, December 18th
12pm – 1pm | Virtual via Zoom
Mahmoud Al-Rifai, MD
DeBakey Cardiology Associates, Houston Methodist
Go back to basics. In this two-part series, Mahmoud Al-Rifai, MD from DeBakey Cardiology Associates will explore different types of data, fundamental statistical measures, and the basics of statistical tests to help lay a comprehensive groundwork of skills used in today’s clinical research and public health.
Monday, December 18 at 12:00pm to 1:00pmVirtual Event


Regression vs Classification in Machine Learning
In this page Regression vs Classification in Machine Learning, Types of ML Classification Algorithms, Classification Algorithms can be further divided into the following types, Types of Regression Algorithm, Difference between Regression Algorithm and Classification Algorithm.
Supervised Learning algorithms include regression and
classification techniques. Both techniques are used in Machine
Learning for prediction and work with labeled datasets. The
distinction between the two is how they're applied to various
machine learning situations.
The main difference between Regression and Classification algorithms is that Regression algorithms are used to predict continuous values like price, salary, age, and so on, whereas Classification algorithms are used to predict discrete values like Male or Female, True or False, Spam or Not Spam, and so on.
Consider the below diagram:
Classification is the process of identifying a function that
aids in the classification of a dataset based on several
factors. A computer program is trained on the training dataset
and then categorizes the data into distinct classes based on
The classification algorithm's goal is to identify the mapping function that will convert the discrete input(x) to the discrete output(y).
Example: Email Spam Detection is the finest example for understanding the Classification challenge. The model is trained on millions of emails on various parameters, and it determines if an email is spam or not when it receives a new one. The email is moved to the Spam folder if it is spam.
Types of ML Classification Algorithms:
Classification Algorithms can be further divided into the following types:
- Logistic Regression
- K-Nearest Neighbours
- Support Vector Machines
- Kernel SVM
- Naïve Bayes
- Decision Tree Classification
- Random Forest Classification
Regression is a process of finding the relationships between
dependent and independent variables. It aids in the prediction
of continuous variables such as market trends, house values,
and so forth.
The Regression algorithm's goal is to identify the mapping function that will translate the continuous input variable (x) to the discrete output variable (y) (y).
For example, let's say we want to forecast the weather, so we'll apply the Regression algorithm. When it comes to weather prediction, the model is trained on historical data, and after it is finished, it can accurately predict the weather for future days.
Types of Regression Algorithm:
- Simple Linear Regression
- Multiple Linear Regression
- Polynomial Regression
- Support Vector Regression
- Decision Tree Regression
- Random Forest Regression
Difference between Regression Algorithm and Classification Algorithm
|The output variable in regression must be continuous or have a genuine value.
|The output variable in classification must be a discrete value.
|The regression algorithm's job is to map the continuous output variable (y) to the input value (x) (y).
|The classification algorithm's job is to map the discrete output variable to the input value(x) (y).
|Continuous data is used with regression algorithms.
|With discrete data, classification algorithms are applied.
|In regression, we strive to identify the best fit line that can more accurately predict the output.
|We aim to find the decision boundary in classification to divide the dataset into various classes.
|Weather prediction, house price prediction, and other regression problems can be solved using regression algorithms.
|Classification algorithms can be used to handle problems like identifying spam emails, speech recognition, and cancer cell identification, among others.
|Linear and non-linear regression algorithms are two types of regression algorithms.
|Binary Classifier and Multi-class Classifier are two types of classification algorithms.


FSC department wins grant to study effective teaching of algebra
LAKELAND, Fla. (April 13, 2006) — The Florida Southern College Mathematics and Computer Science Department has been chosen as one of eleven such departments at national colleges and universities to participate in a grant funded by the National Science Foundation in conjunction with the Mathematical Association of America (M.A.A.). The grant-funded program will compare two approaches to teaching college algebra in the spring and fall academic terms of 2006.
The first approach will focus on the traditional method of teaching students the concepts and formulas in algebra before teaching students to apply those concepts and formulas to solve problems. The second method will have less of an emphasis on formulas and will focus instead on teaching through modeling and the use of technology to solve algebraic problems. Seven pilot sections and seven control or traditional sections of College Algebra will be offered over the two-term study period
“The department is delighted to participate in a study that will have an immediate impact on our teaching practice,” said Ken Henderson, associate professor of mathematics. “College Algebra can be a challenging course to teach, as students who take it often have felt unsuccessful in high school math courses. We continually search for the best methods of instruction for our students, and anticipate learning a great deal from this study. We hope to connect mathematics to the real world and help our students become exploratory learners with an emphasis on writing and critical thinking.”
Drs. Susan A. Serrano, Gayle S. Kent, Daniel D. Jelsovsky, and Henderson will participate in the M.A.A. Committee on Curriculum Renewal Across the First Two Years’ (CRAFTY) project that will compare the two methods. Dr. Barbara Edwards of Oregon State University, a respected mathematics education researcher, will design and coordinate the research.
After the department won the grant, Henderson and Serrano attended the “Considering the Options Workshop” August 1-3 at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, N.M., held in conjunction with MathFest, M.A.A.’s annual summer meeting. The workshop explored study implementation issues and provided participants with materials and approaches to adopt in their courses. In December, Dr. Bruce Cruader of Oklahoma State University led a modeling workshop at FSC. Serrano plans to attend this year’s Math Fest in Knoxville, Tenn. to describe the study’s progress.
About Florida Southern College


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- Topic 6 Population and Community Ecology
- Topic 7 The Human Population
- Laboratory Investigation 3-1: Population Count – Students use different sampling techniques (including Lincoln-Peterson equation) to determine population counts both in the lab (marked beans) and the field (nearby treed area).
- Laboratory Investigation 3-2: World Population Growth – Students graph and mathematically analyze the rates of human population growth through history and project human population growth into the future based on generalizations from modern sources.
- Laboratory Investigation 3-3: Doubling Time in Exponential Growth – Students investigate some of the ways in which populations (including the human population) grow, what controls the growth of the human population, and begin to see how this growth impacts the environment.
- Laboratory Investigation 3-4: Human Population Pyramids – Students graph current human population data and analyze projected human population pyramid.
2000 Population Pyramid


Topic 5: Forecasting the Financial Statements
This topic corresponds to Chapter 5 in your textbook.
Spreadsheets for this Section:
Financial Forecasting Setup Spreadsheet
Financial Forecasting Setup Spreadsheet After Part 1
Financial Forecasting Setup Spreadsheet Completed
Corrected version of Setup Spreadsheet Completed (SEE NOTE BELOW)
Videos for this Section:
(Note: These videos are also posted on YouTube with optional captions at this link.)
05-01-01 Financial Forecasting Part 1A
05-01-02 Financial Forecasting Part 1B (SEE NOTE BELOW)
05-02-01 Financial Forecasting Part 2A
05-02-02 Financial Forecasting Part 2B
NOTE: At about 2:45 minutes into 05-01-02 I made a mistake. The formulas in H38:J38 for the relationship of Short-Term Notes Payable to Sales got moved by mistake from Row 38 to Row 39. Short-term notes payable for 2010 was then left at $225 instead of being forecast using the average of the previous two years percentage of sales, and 2010 Other Current Liabilites was computed incorrectly using the average percentage for Short-term Notes Payable. The error is left alone through the rest of the videos, but it is corrected in the so-noted version of the completed spreadsheet above.
7th Edition: Do Problem 1, Part A only.
6th Edition: Do Problem 1, Part A only


Have you ever had a moment where you wished your child came with an owner’s manual? Let’s see…index: 7 year old with an attitude…page 67. Ah yes, here’s how to troubleshoot!
I have three children, and my third is far “easier” than the first two, so I’m feeling pretty good about the baby stuff right now. However, every day seems to bring a new challenge with my 7 year old. I can only hope that I will have it all figured out by the time the other two are that age!
I remember bringing my first baby home and thinking how crazy it was that they were actually sending me home to care for this tiny person!! We had to attend a “class” in order to be discharged, but that was essentialy talk of umbilical cord stumps and baby poop. I am so grateful to be raising children in the internet age. Is anyone else willing to ‘fess up to Googling things like “is … normal” or “what causes green baby poop?”
Now I find myself looking up first grade math online. I actually love math; it kills me when I hear kids say “pssht, when will I ever use this?” I use math all the time! In the grocery store to figure out unit prices, sales and tax. I use geometry when we’re working on home improvement projects, and I use algebra pretty much daily; or multiples times per day back when we were dealing with mortgage scenarios.
I did fine with Calculus in High School, but some of my first grader’s homework has me stumped. The K-2 math curriculum is really different than what I remember (granted, that was a long time ago!) and I’ve had to brush up to help her. She recently brought home a worksheet of “balancing equations.” The equations looked like this:
My husband and I were both shocked. What the heck? Are they doing algebra with two variables in first grade?? After a few minutes, we finally figured out that they were just trying to show kids that 18-5 is the same as 7+6 like this:
I’m glad that my daughter’s teacher this year emails a newsletter each week telling us what they are working on, but I sure wish they would tell us exactly what (and how!) they are teaching them, and teach us too. It’s hard to help when you have no idea what they are doing! Thank goodness for Google. We’ve found some great games for her to play online, and even flash cards to print.
I thought helping my daughter with her homework would be a breeze. After all, I was a great student, was excellent in math & English, and she’s even going to the same school I attended. I’m starting to get worried about second grade.
How about you? Has there been anything difficult about parenting that you didn’t anticipate having trouble with? Or does everything come naturally? (hmph)
We home school this year (1st grade) and I’m SO glad I do. They have to be taught 3 DIFFERENT ways to add out here, which means the kids learn one way, then they have to figure out how to do it a different way, and one of them is by using logic, which many of the kids don’t understand anyway. Another way is by adding backwards (for doing tens, you’d start with the 10s then go to the 1s, yeah, just crazy). So, I just taught my daughter one way, a way she fully understood, and made perfect sense to her. My mom is a 1st grade teacher and she complains about how crazy math has become for 1st graders.
I can’t remember if DH’s Aunt is 1st grade…I need to grill her, LOL.
I was a teacher and I always found it helpful to do the first homework problem together. That way there was an example for when they got home as well as a quick refresher before class ended. Good luck!
That’s a great idea!
I taught middle school math and it was so frustrating because I would have to spend time (a lot of it) on multiplication facts. Even in the advanced classes my students often had trouble multiplying.
I’m all for hands on learning and using real world examples – and often used them, but things like simple multiplication facts MUST be memorized. You can’t do algebra, or just about any math, if you don’t know your multiplication facts.
That is one of the biggest frustrations teaching middle school. Why don’t they know it already?!?!
I used to teach 7th grade and high school and this is so true! They relied on the calculator too much and would get so upset when I wouldn’t let them use it!
I can do most math without a pen & paper. Huge advantage in life…negotiating a price on a car, making sure you weren’t overcharged at a store…what do they do when they don’t have a calculator?
Exactly! how in the world do you do anything if you don’t know 8×9 by heart? Find 3 other people so you can count on fingers & toes?
I have zero idea why (and I did teach elementary school for 6 years back before the mom years) but in my state they are teaching a “new way to add” I have yet to figure it out and I graduated top of my class. instead of lining up numbers to add and subtract like we always did (think carry the one, add down, next column) they use squares, rectangles and circles to add and subtract. Something like 10 + 12 would be two rectangles and two circles? When you get to big numbers like adding thousands it’s just ridiculous. I have taught both my girls how to add the old fashioned way and I get “wow that’s SO much easier mom!” I use google daily for how to help with a homework problem to is ….normal! I don’t know how we are alive since our parents had to wing it!
My daughter’s class did, ummm, what did they call them. Darn. Anyway they were squares and I thought it was good to relate to the old 10+8=18 thing to show them that there is one ten and eight ones, but good lawd, are these kids going to be in the grocery store when they are 30 trying to find enough fingers to count? LOL Sometimes I think just memorizing and knowing that whatever plus whatever is whatever makes sense!!


Police Practice Papers Number Tests 7 – 12 is additional preparation material for those who want to develop their number skills. It includes the following:
- Preparation techniques for improving number skills
- Worked examples on how to tackle each of the questions in the numbers test
- Six number tests with answers
As Numbers is the test paper which most candidates fail, a second volume of tests has been developed to allow for additional practice. Both numbers books contain a comprehensive introduction with worked examples and a suggested method of how to work through each question.


This handy revision app teaches you everything you need to know about Statistics for GCSE Maths. Produced by Haslam and Hall Publishing, a leading educational publisher in the UK.
* Includes Foundation and Higher levels.
* Revise key facts about Statistics.
* Take Quick Quizzes and try to beat your saved best score.
* 150 multiple choice questions with full worked solutions.
* No internet connection needed once installed.
* Suitable for all exam boards (AQA, Edexcel, OCR).
* Collecting Data
* Averages and Range
* Frequency Tables
* Two-way Tables
* Frequency Diagrams
* Pie Charts
* Stem and Leaf Diagrams
* Scatter Graphs
* Box Plots
* Line Graphs (Time Series)
* Cumulative Frequency
GCSE Maths Statistics is a free trial software application from the Teaching & Training Tools subcategory, part of the Education category.
The app is currently available in English and it was last updated on 2012-10-18. The program can be installed on Android.
GCSE Maths Statistics (version 1.4) is available for download from our website.
Just click the green Download button above to start. Until now the program was downloaded 3 times.
We already checked that the download link to be safe, however for your own protection we recommend that you scan the downloaded software with your antivirus.


By the ‘angle between a vectorand a plane’ we mean the angle between the vectorand a particular vector drawn in the plane. In the plane there are actually many vectors, and the particular vector we pick is the vector that makes the smallest angle with the vectorThis is the angle shown as in the diagram below.
If the equation of a planethen the normal to the plane is the vector and we can find the angle betweenandusingSinceis normal to the plane so
Example: find the angle between the vectorand the plan
The normal vector to the plane isso


Once the leaves are off the trees in the fall, it is amazing how much easier it is to see some things. Trees are still beautiful as their trunks and limbs come into view. It's a great time to figure out how tall trees are. Here are several ways to measure the height of tall objects. Use them to find the height of some trees near your home or school.
Stand a person whose height you know in front of the tree. Walk away from the tree until you are far enough from the tree to cover the person with your thumb or a pencil. Count the number of thumb heights from the bottom of the tree to the top. For example, if the person is 4 feet tall and the tree is 4 persons (thumbs) high, then the tree is 16 feet tall.
A second way is to walk far enough from the tree that the length of your thumb covers the whole tree.
Then turn your hand so that your thumb points from the bottom of the tree out along the ground. Notice where the end of your thumb seems to end on the ground. Measure from the base of the tree to the spot where the end of your thumb was. That is the height of the tree.
Another way is to compare shadows:
Measure the length of the tree's shadow. Measure the length of the shadow made by a person whose height you know. Express this as a ratio and solve it for the height of the tree. For example, the tree shadow is 20 feet long, the person is 4 feet tall and has a 5 foot shadow. Call the height of the tree h.
h is to 20 as 4 is to 5
h/20 = 4/5
5h = 4 x 20
5h = 80
5h/5 = 80/5
h = 16 feet
Can you figure out any other methods? Can you think of some other tall objects to measure?


Ms. Angela Harris 6th Grade--Room 216
Grade/Subject: Math 6, 7, 8, and Regents Algebra
6th grade Math:
Students will be taking a Quiz on Tuesday December 11 on Adding/Subtracting & Multiplying Fractions and Mixed Numbers. The Test for this Unit will be on Wednesday December 20.
7th grade Math:
Students will be taking a Quiz on Friday December 15 on solving 1 & 2 step equations. The Test for this Unit will be given in January.
8th grade Math:
Students will be taking a Quiz on Wednesday December 13 that covers Solving Systems of Equations Graphically and by the Method of Substitution. The Test for this Unit will be on Friday December 22.
Students will be taking a Quiz on Tuesday December 12 that covers Solving Systems of Equations using all 3 methods (graphing, substitution, & elimination). The Test for this Unit will be on Thursday December 21.
Important December dates:
Pre-K through 6th grade Christmas Concert will take place Tuesday December 12. Please remember to arrive at 6 pm in the Church. Can't wait to hear all of your childrens' voices!
Thank you ~Ms. Harris
Please feel free to contact me with any questions. I can be reached via email at email@example.com or at the school (716) 877-6401.
I am also available afterschool Monday through Thursdays from 2:15-2:45 for any student that needs extra support in Math. Students are also able to come down and work during lunch periods.


Diversity in STEM Education
SECME Summer Institute
The University of Alabama
June 24 - July 1
August 31, 2015
Donate to SECME
SECME: Diversity in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education
Join us for the 39th Annual SECME Summer Institute and experience our 39 year legacy as the only professional development Institute dedicated to equity in STEM initiatives by bringing together K-12 educators, university faculty, and industry and government experts to share the best of the best in their fields of expertise to promote inclusion in "learning and doing science, technology, engineering, and math."
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Eulerian Path — A brief
Eulerian path : A Eulerian path is a path in a graph that passes through all of its edges exactly once. A Eulerian cycle is a Eulerian path that is a cycle.
Eulerian path is used to solve problems in an undirected multigraph with loops.
Applications of Eulerian path :-
There are many applications of Eularian path in real life such as garbage collectors, airplane pilots and world navigators etc.
The above image represents Eulerian path, airline companies use this kinds of route map the map is made of destinations (vertices) and lines connecting destinations (edges).
Similarly Eulerian path is also used by garbage collectors as they don’t have to go through same house or neighborhood again, it saves time and increases efficiency.
There are two methods to determine the Eulerian path, one is the Recursive Approach and the second one is Non-Recursive Approach
Recursive approach :-
1. Iterate through all the edges outgoing from vertex V;
remove this edge from graph,
and call FindEulerPath from the second edge of this edge;
2. Add vertex V to the answer.
NON-Recursive approach :-
put start vertex in St;
until St is empty
let V be the value at the top of St;
if degree (V)=0, then
add V to the answer;
find any edge coming out of V;
remove it from the graph;
put the second end of this edge in St;
This article was written by my colleagues —


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If you repeatedly flip a coin, the law of probability states that approximately half the time you should get heads and half the time tails. But does this law hold true in practice?
Pope R. Hill, a professor at the University of Georgia during the 1930s, wanted to find out. But he thought coin-flipping was too imprecise a measurement, since any one coin might be imbalanced, causing it to favor heads or tails.
Instead, he filled a can with 200 pennies. Half were dated 1919, half dated 1920. He shook up the can, withdrew a coin, and recorded its date. Then he returned the coin to the can. He repeated this procedure 100,000 times!
Of the 100,000 draws, 50,145 came out 1920. 49,855 came out 1919. Hill concluded that the law of half and half does work out in practice.
If you have absolutely nothing better to do, you can head over to Random.org, which hosts a virtual coin toss
, and try to outdo Hill by clicking the "flip coin" button 100,001 times. Make sure to record your results. Although I doubt a virtual coin toss would be considered truly random, even though random.org claims their randomness "comes from atmospheric noise, which for many purposes is better than the pseudo-random number algorithms typically used in computer programs."


(Community Matters) Princeton Election Consortium: President Obama is peeling away. I estimate Romney’s chance of winning the popular vote at 6%, odds of 16-1 against. The exact popular-vote prediction today is Obama +2.1 +/- 1.1%. Allowing a little bit for Gary Johnson, this gives a vote share of Obama 50.3 +/-0.5%, Romney 48.2 +/-0.5%. I’ll update that to a final prediction this weekend.
About the Princeton Election Consortium
This blog’s mission is to provide informed analysis of US national elections by members of the Princeton academic community. It is open to scholars in the Princeton area from all disciplines, including (but not restricted to) politics, neuroscience, psychology, computer science, and mathematics.


If you stay home with little kids, your math skills might generally be used only when factoring one of the following scenarios:
- If the gas light has gone on, giving me 30 miles before empty, how many minutes in city traffic and stoplights does that translate to, considering there's no way I'm stopping to get more gas--will I make it home?
- If I'm running 4 minutes behind for picking up from pre-school, how may lights do I need to catch green to make up the time?
- If I have two apples, one half-rotted, for our dessert tonight, how many slices does each family member get, taking into account the size and nutritive needs of each individual?
- If both of Abigail's morning naps were interrupted and she's miserable as a result, what is the earliest possible time I can put her down for her afternoon nap without risking that she'll wake up too early from that nap?
But if you really want to stretch that math part of the brain, just contact a farmer about buying a cow and a pig and then get 11 families to commit to buying them. Then try meeting everyone's needs while working with a very rough estimate of how much meat you'll actually end up with. My friend Rachel helped me start a spreadsheet, which I then wrote addition programs into to explore such options as, "If such and such family gets x amount of this cut of meat and y amount of this cut of meat, blah, blah, then how many steaks should this family get--and how much bacon?" Not exactly an exact mathematical equation. But to get whole cow and pig costs of butchering and packaging from "hanging weight" into a comprehensible "This is how much you'll be paying for a pound of ground beef" kind of explanation to give the families involved took a lot of work for both me and the butcher. I had to call the butcher enough times that I actually feared that I was becoming a nuisance (I know, crazy thought, me, a nuisance).
I thought I'd share some of the charts I was working on in case anyone was interested. (The sketches of coral were at the request of my oldest child.) At the very least, it makes you appreciate your meat in a whole new way--every free-range, antibiotic- and hormone-free pound of it.


WARNING! You will absolutely get addicted to this 2 for 2 puzzle game.
The object of 2 for 2 is to connect the numbers. DON’T run out of moves!
Make lines by connecting as many same numbered dots as you can. The longer the line, the more points you get and the longer you’ll survive in this 2 for 2 game.
As you connect the same numbers, they add up in multiples of 2.
Ready, set, connect!
Get addicted to 2 for 2.
Download 2 For 2: Connect the Numbers Puzzle for free
Free download 2 For 2: Connect the Numbers Puzzle : https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.crazylabs.twodots


On Saturday, 19 May 2018, the Physics and Mathematics Open Classroom of the JINR University Centre will hold XXIV Open Physics and Mathematics Olympiad among schoolchildren of 6-7th grades.
The competition will start at 3:00 PM. The time allotted for task is 1.5 hours. The competition will take place at School No.9, Sakharov Street, 17.
We invite schoolchildren of 6-7th grade to try their hand at solving interesting problems in physics and mathematics! Also students of the 5th grade are invited to participate.
The analysis of the problems and the awarding of the winners will be held on Saturday, 26 May 2018.
3:00 PM — analysis of tasks for 6th grade students
3:30 PM — analysis of tasks for 7th grade students
4:00 PM — awarding of winners and prize winners of the Olympiad.


Spreading excellence and disseminating the cutting edge results of our research and development efforts is crucial to our institute. Check for our educational offers for Bachelor, Master and PhD studies at the University of Innsbruck!
In recent times, Sudoku has become very popular in many newspapers and magazines. Sudoku is a number game based on very simple logic rules. In this thesis a system has to be developed which takes Sudoku as a first class example of an application of a rule language such as WRL, aiming at an automatic solver of Sudoku games.


BGSC offers summer tutoring in three critical areas of academic development: Math, Reading Comprehension and English as a Second Language (ESL). Our classes are taught by experienced tutors and certified teachers, all of whom are dedicated to the academic success of the student. We offer both 60 and 90 minute options, either of which fits perfectly into our daily schedule. Following academic time, athletes smoothly transition back into sports activity.
Math tutors will work with students with multiple needs, ranging from simple and complex computation, pre-algebra concepts, Algebra 1, and geometry.
Reading tutors focus on issues relating to word comprehension, decoding, content understanding, and vocabulary development.
Our ESL tutors work with non-native English learners to develop their skills in four areas: reading, writing, speaking and listening. Tutors utilize a variety of methods to enhance the English immersion experience already being experienced by the athletes at BGSC.
The BGSC summer tutoring program utilizes the latest tutoring methods to keep students engaged and interested throughout each session. Our goals include the development of strong study habits and academic confidence, a significant increase in content understanding and academic skills, and the avoidance of summer intellectual decline.
Academic tutoring is not included in tuition and is available as an optional add-on.


All About Compound Interest Calculators
Compound interest means that the interest is paid not just to principal balance of account but to other interest that it accumulated previously as well. Compound interest has the capability of producing massive gains on your investment over a set period of time. This is actually among the many reasons why this concept of investment has become something that numerous investors are so eager and interested to understand.
As a matter of fact, there are a couple of ways in which interests could be calculated and these are simple and compound. With regards to simple calculation of interest, it’s easier to be done because like what the name suggests, simple interest indicates that the principal balance is what being calculated. Having said that, in order to calculate the simple interest, you only need to multiply your rate of interest by the number of years that you consider and the principal balance too.
So to give you a quick example of how simple interest calculation works, assuming that you buy a bond for 1000 dollars that pays 5 percent simple interest for 30 years, you are going to receive 50 dollars annually for the next 30 years as interest payment, which is a total of 1500 dollars in interest. In simple interest, the interest stays the same every after year.
Finding Similarities Between Finances and Life
In compound interest on the other hand, this means that the interest is paid on principal balance and any interest that it has accumulated previously. For instance, if you have invested 10000 dollars on sometime with a compound interest of 4 percent, then you are going to receive 400 dollars in interest after the first year which gives you a total amount of 10,400 dollars. The interest is calculated as 4 percent of new balance or 416 dollars which gives you total of 10816 dollars at the end of second year. This process will be repeated for the following years.
Why People Think Finances Are A Good Idea
As for the formula in computing compound interest, it is A = P (1+r)t in which A is the ending amount of money, while P is the principal and r is the interest rate that’s expressed as decimal so 5% is equivalent to .05 and t is the number of time in years.
You are going to find compound interest calculators in the internet that are intended for the purpose of getting an estimate and not for financial advice or planning. As with any other tool, it’s only as accurate as assumptions it is making as well as the data that it has and something that you shouldn’t totally rely on as substitute for a tax professional or a financial advisor.


Sheets of Foil for wrapping chocolates, great value
SOLD BY WEIGHT 200g
Sheet sizes are 35 X 50 CMS
Select the Colour you want from the drop down list.
As a guide, there are approximately 30-35 sheets per 200g grams.
To determine how much foil you need use this formula:
Determine the size of the foil you need to wrap your chocolate (use paper or baking foil as a rough guide)
Meaure the length and width of the size and multiple together - eg 9 x 10 cms = 90
Divide 1750 by the number you got above - eg 1750 / 90 = 19
This is the number of chocolates you will get per sheet - eg 19
Determine how many chocolates you want to wrap - eg 500 and divide this number by the number of chocolates you will get per sheet. - eg 500/19 = 26
So you will need approximately 26 sheets to make 500 chocolates. So 200g will be adequate as there are 30-35 sheets per 200g.
Use this as a rough guide, but do allow some buffer for wastage etc.
Posted by Marisa Mahmic on 9th May 2016
These are just perfect for chocolate! Lightweight and don't tear!
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This blog post is basically the sequel to Being Broke on a Budget. If you haven’t read it, it will give you good background to this post!
I did some math the other day (I’m not a math person, so I’m fairly certain my soul died a little bit), and I came up with this simple conclusion: thanks to interest on loans and crappy teacher salaries, we’re going to spend the rest of our mortal lives in debt. But then I started thinking, what if that didn’t have to be the case? I started wondering if there was anything we could do so that future us wouldn’t be stuck in the infinite loop of loan repayment?
We are blessed to own our cars, and blessed again because my husband’s education was paid for. Our two debts are my student loans and our mortgage. I did math (yes, it hurt) and calculated how much interest we would owe if it took us as much time to pay off as our payment plans anticipated. My $49,000 student loan became $57,000, and our $123,000 home loan became $192,000. Ouch! I am going to start splitting my new monthly unallotted money two ways: $300 toward savings, and $700 toward getting out of debt.
My goal? Be debt-free by 2030.
That’s an ambitious goal for a couple of teachers who owe nearly a quarter of a million dollars! I figured we’d start with the smallest debt and work our way up. My student loan is split into ten different little loans, ranging now from $1,815 to $14,260. I already pay $300 per month on it, so adding my new $700 will make my payments $1,000 per month. I just assume my ultimate total to be what I calculated it to be with interest over time, although if I pay it back sooner, that total will be smaller. With the math I did, I estimate that I will have this loan paid off in four years and nine months.
My student loans will be paid off by July 2022.
That’s so exciting! With that taken care of, I will have an additional $300 unallotted every month. That means that, with the new unallotted $700 per month, I will be able to put an entire $1,000 toward my house payment every month!
Now, by July 2022, my $192,000 loan (I included interest over time) will be down to roughly $135,000. Assuming that I pay $2,000 per month instead of the original $983, this will take me an additional five years and eight months.
My house loan will be paid off by October 2028.
There are variables that I know will come up. By 2028, we will need to buy at least one car. Lord willing, by that time we will also have children. Thankfully, we get paid a little more each year we teach, so that will help. Also, by 2028, our $300 per month in savings will add up to over $38,000, so that will be there in case we absolutely need it. Assuming two years of wages for whatever unexpected financial craziness the next 13 years will bring (and you know that where there is money, there is unexpected financial craziness), we will be debt free by 2030. Now, that sounds good to me!
Photo Credit: https://www.penfed.org/access-bill-pay/


Time series modelling is the process in which data (involving years, weeks, hours, minutes and so on) is analysed using a special set of techniques in order to derive insights. This type of modelling is especially important in the event of having autocorrelated data, where a series is correlated with a delayed copy of itself. One example of this may be the purchasing of a stock. Trading carried out two hours previously may have direct consequences on live trading patterns. The mathematical definition of autocorrelation is defined below:
The first step in any time series process is to determine the stationarity of a series, a variable is said to be stationary if its statistical properties such as mean, variance and serial correlation are constant over time. This property makes analysis more straightforward as one can predict statistical properties will remain similar to what they’ve been in the past. An example of a non-stationary series vs stationary series can be seen below:
The reason stationarity has been mentioned is due to its key importance in time series analysis, a series must be classed as stationary before any time series model can be fitted to it. It is often the case with real world data that series are non-stationary and so a set of mathematical techniques have been devised to convert these to stationary. These shall now be discussed in the following section.
Stabilising a non-stationary series
Differencing is the process of computing the differences between consecutive observations, this process can stabilize the mean of a time series by removing changes in the level of a time series. A mathematical representation of differencing is shown below:
For n observations, the differenced series will only have n-1 observations as it is not possible to calculate a difference for the first element of a series. In other words, every time differencing occurs an element is lost. In some cases simply differencing once is not enough to produce the required stationary series, in this case second order differencing is required as shown below:
Here the change in changes would be modelled, as well as there being two less data points belonging to the series. In most cases second order differencing is sufficient to make a series stationary, it is widely recommended to never go beyond seconder differencing.
Unit Root Testing and ARMA Modelling
A statistical method for inferring whether differencing is required on time series is to use a unit root test. There are many different types of unit root tests. The most common and the one that shall be discussed here is the Dickey-Fuller test. This test takes the first difference of a series and then tests the null hypothesis of whether the series has a unit root. If the null hypothesis is accepted then differencing is not required.
Once the stationarity of the series is known or has been taken care of, a method is needed to begin forecasting on the data. ARMA models are one such common way to forecast on stationary time series data. The AR component stands for Auto Regressive while MA stands for moving average. As already explained, auto regressive suggests a series current points to be dependent on previous points. For instance, a nations GDP x(t) is likely to be dependent on last year’s GDP x(t-1). This relationship can be formally written as:
A moving average model is related more to sharp spikes in the time series data and can be modeled by:
In order to determine between an AR and a MA series an auto-correlation function (ACF) plot can be used. This is a plot of total correlation between different lag functions. Also the partial autocorrelation function (PACF) can be used alongside this. The PACF is the correlation between two lags irrespective of other lags in the series. Below are two examples of these two charts.
Each bar represents the correlation between the original series and its kth lag. The first bar is always equal to one as this is simply measuring the variable correlated with itself. The blue line apparent in any plot represents statistically significant values other than 0, meaning any bars underneath this threshold are not statistically significant. The method to distinguish between AR and MA processes comes from observing which graph falls below this line first. If the PACF graph becomes insignificant before the ACF plot then the series is mostly an AR process. For instance, in the top two images the PACF becomes insignificant after the second lag, meaning it is an AR(2) process. On the other hand in the bottom images the ACF plot becomes insignificant after the 2nd bar, meaning it is mostly a MA(2) process.
Once is has been determined which type of series is being analysed an ARIMA or ARMA model can be fitted. The ARIMA model comes in ARIMA (p ,d, q), where p and q are the levels of AR and MA respectively. The parameter d stands for how many times of the series has been differenced. For instance a series which is an AR(1) process and has been differenced once would be modelled using an ARIMA(1,1,0) model. The following plot demonstrates a forecasting example.
Accurate forecasting is becoming increasingly important for organisations that use time series data to reduce costs or prepare strategies for increasing revenue. Having an accurate model can be the difference between the success or failure of a business, so it’s vital that the appropriate model is used.


|2. Signs on the Silk Road.|
We propose a "Silk Road" logo, whose semantic and formal references also apply to set up Centers. We were inspired by two schools of thought that developed at the two poles of the Road: the Euclidean for the west and the Taoist for the east. The circle “A” and the golden rectangle “B” have the areas in ratio 4:1, like Asia and Europe. The centre of “A” and the western side of “B” are on the axis “Y". From the centre of “A” to the golden point of “B” we can draw the axis “K”. “B” curves on “A” circumference to form the first part of the figure (B1). The second part of the figure (A1) is a circle, which have diameter and position determined by the golden ratio between the two figures on the “K” axis, and by its tangency with “Y” axis. The obtained figure (A1+B1) is colored red lacquer and turquoise, and rotated of 23 degrees, like Earth's axis. This Logo is a symbol both ancient and contemporary, that also evokes a “gesture”: a greeting, a gift, an exchange.


Published January 10, 2007
by For Dummies .
Written in English
For Dummies (Math & Science
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||312|
The workbook is best used in concert with another text, specifically Algebra II For Dummies (For Dummies (Math & Science))/5(49). Algebra II Workbook For Dummies by Mary Jane Sterling Paperback $ Algebra, Part 2 (Quick Study) by S. B. Kizlik Pamphlet $ Customers who viewed this item also viewed Page 1 /5(). Algebra II Workbook For Dummies Cheat Sheet By Mary Jane Sterling Learning some algebraic rules for various exponents, radicals, laws, binomials, formulas, and equations will help you successfully study and solve problems in an Algebra II course. In this new edition of Algebra II Workbook For Dummies, high school and college students will work through the types of Algebra II problems they'll see in class, including systems of equations, matrices, graphs, and conic sections. Plus, the book now comes with free 1-year access to chapter quizzes online!Reviews:
Buy Algebra II Workbook For Dummies Workbook by Sterling, Mary Jane (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible s: Mary Jane Sterling taught algebra, business calculus, geometry, and finite math-ematics at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois, for more than 30 years. She is the author of Algebra I For Dummies and Algebra II For s: Mary Jane Sterling has authored Algebra For Dummies, Trigonometry For Dummies, Algebra Workbook For Dummies, Trigonometry Workbook For Dummies, Algebra I CliffsStudySolver, and Algebra II CliffsStudySolver. She taught junior high and high school math for . Algebra II Workbook For Dummies presents tricky topics in plain English and short lessons, with examples and practice at every step to help students master the essentials, setting them up for success with each new to a typical Algebra II class Can be used as a supplement to classroom learning or for test prep Includes plenty of.
About the Book Author Mary Jane Sterling (Peoria, Illinois) is the author of Algebra I For Dummies, Algebra Workbook For Dummies, Algebra II For Dummies, Algebra II Workbook For Dummies, and five other For Dummies books. She has been at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois for nearly 30 years, teaching algebra, business calculus, geometry, finite mathematics, and whatever interesting. Buy Algebra Workbook For Dummies by Sterling, Mary Jane (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible s: This book is an absolute essential compliment to Algebra II for Dummies, the main text. I have completed the mathematics series for Dummies but these two books seriously pick up the complexity and most will likely need both to fully round out their understandings of the content therein.4/5. Algebra II Workbook For Dummies, 2nd Edition includes sections on graphing and special sequences to familiarize you with the key concepts that will follow you to trigonometry and beyond. Don't waste any time getting started. Algebra II Workbook For Dummies, 2nd Edition is your complete guide to success.


"Math in ONE"
Matrix expressions are evaluated in a separate mode independent from any scalar computation.
All rules that are applied to scalar expression are valid in matrix mode.
There are six matrices ([A] to [F]) that are available for the user to work with. These matrices can be configured in Matrix setup window or imported.
Square brackets ' [ ] ' are used in any matrix expression. Round brackets ' ( ) 'are reserved exclusively for scalar expressions.
Multiplication is the only operator defined to operate with scalar expression and matrix. In a matrix mode,
any scalar expression, function or number must be enclosed by round brackets
(e.g. (3)*A, A*(sin1.2), (3+ln2.1)*A+B).
If the result from a matrix expression evaluation is a number (e.g. determinant, multiplication of a row
and a column matrix), it is considered as
In a Matrix notation
A[RxC]: R represents the number of rows and C represents the number of columns.
R and C describe the size of the matrix. Some matrix functions require an input parameter that
specifies a row or column
(e.g col[A, nth column] , row[B, mth row]).
It is very important to recognize, that the incorrect matrix size in the expression will generate a FATAL ERROR. The following descriptions define correct matrix sizes for addition and multiplication operations:
C[a,b] = A[a,b]+B[c,d]- matrix A and B size must be the same so
a = cand
b = d.
C[a,d] = A[a,b]*B[c,d]- number of columns in A must be equal to number of rows in B so
b = c.
For matrix expressions, there are two unique operators defined in this program.
A/B< = A*B-1or if ' < ' is not present
A/B = B-1*A. B-1 is a invers matrix of B.
A/B = C therefore
A = B*C or A = C*B therefore
B-1*A = B-1*B*C or A*B-1 = C*B*B-1. By definition:
B*B-1 = B-1*B = I. I is unit matrix and
C*I = I*C = C.
A+B=>C- =>C is last operation in expression; result of
A+Bwill be stored in C.
[A+B=>C]*A- =>C is last operation in block; result of
A+Bwill be store in C.
[A+B=>C]*A=>D- =>C is the last operation in a block; result of A+B will be store in C. =>D is the last operation in an expression; result of
[A+B]*Awill be store in D.
[A+B=>C]*A=>D+C- will generate ERROR, =>D is neither the last operation in a block nor the last operation in an expression. The correct form will be:
[[A+B=>C]*A=>D]+C, now =>D is the last operation in a block. Notice
" ]+C "in the last expression: C in this location is equal to


Probability and Statistical Inference 2019 Original pdf
An authoritative introduction to an in-demand field
Advances in computing technology – particularly in science and business – have increased the need for more statistical scientists to examine the huge amount of data being collected. Written by veteran statisticians, Probability and Statistical Inference, 10th Edition emphasizes the existence of variation in almost every process, and how the study of probability and statistics helps us understand this variation.
This applied introduction to probability and statistics reinforces basic mathematical concepts with numerous real-world examples and applications to illustrate the relevance of key concepts. It is designed for a two-semester course, but it can be adapted for a one-semester course. A good calculus background is needed, but no previous study of probability or statistics is required.


College Algebra with Modeling & Visualization 6th Edition
Page Count896 Pages
About the e-Book
College Algebra with Modeling & Visualization 6th Edition pdf
For courses in College Algebra.
Showing why math matters
Gary Rockswold doesn’t just mention real-world examples; he teaches mathematical concepts through those applications. For example, if we look at Facebook usage over time, what might that tell us about linear growth and predictions? In this way, students learn the concepts in the context of the world they know, which leads to better understanding and retention. From there, the author shows a connection between application, modeling, and visualization. Rockswold is known for presenting the concept of a function as a unifying theme, with an emphasis on the rule of four (verbal, graphical, numerical, and symbolic representations). The 6th Edition emphasizes conceptual understanding with new in-chapter features and assignment options, while at the same time providing tools to empower instructors to make their classroom more active through collaboration and group work.
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Computer Systems: A Programmer’s Perspective
Lining Up Data in ArcGIS


Triangles constitute the foundation of geometry. They introduce us to ideas associated with algebra, geometry, location, perimeter, theorem and angle. This foundation lets in mathematicians to recognize and discover more advanced concepts of geometry, along with trigonometry.
Triangles introduce a whole new global of vocabulary to college students which can be overwhelming at times. As a result, it’s miles common for people to war when getting to know geometry within the lecture room.
Click here fyndblog.com
The cause of this newsletter is to provide a clear and simple rationalization of triangles, the Pythagorean Theorem, and region and perimeter.
What Is A Right Angled Triangle?
A right angled triangle is a triangle with an angle of ninety°. Right angled triangles are one of the most vital triangles in mathematics due to the fact they’re used within the Pythagorean idea in addition to in trigonometry.
know more about these kinds of stuff here how to find the perimeter of a triangle
Kinds Of Triangles
There are three main triangles in mathematics: equilateral, isosceles, and scalene. An equilateral triangle has same facets, an isosceles triangle has two equal aspects, and an isosceles triangle has no sides the equal duration.
Although there are three most important triangles, handiest isosceles and scalene triangles may be right angled triangles. An isosceles perspective has an attitude of 90° with simultaneous 45° angles. However, a scalene, the most normally used triangle in questions of geometry, does now not have the identical length as its aspects, nor do its angles vary by an attitude of ninety°.
One remaining piece of terminology to understand what the perimeters of a triangle are called. The best aspect you must apprehend and don’t forget is that the longest aspect is known as the hypotenuse. In the Pythagorean theorem, it’s miles represented as “C”. The different sides are referred to as “A” or “B” – but they are interchangeable.
What Is Pythagoras Theorem?
Now which you apprehend the primary houses of triangles, it’s far important to recognize the Pythagorean theorem. First established in historical Greece through Pythagoras over 2000 years in the past, this theorem found that:
When a triangle has 90°, in case you expand every facet into squares, the region of the biggest rectangular is identical to the combined place of the 2 smaller squares.
It is called a2 + b2= c2 . May be expressed as
Usually, in the Pythagorean theorem, whilst the length is calculated, it commonly contains a decimal. However, there are examples of so-called best triangles that provide a whole variety as the answer. If you bear in mind these, it’s going to can help you quickly solution a query if you see the subsequent numbers.
The common Pythagorean triples are:
3, four, 5
6, eight, 10
nine, 12, 15
What you will see is the triple three, four, five derived Pythagorean triple which stems from the others. This means that, in case you had a question wherein two lengths have been 18 and 24, and you needed to determine the duration of the 0.33 facet, the solution could be 30. This is because three, 4, five may be received from 18, 24, 30 by way of multiplying the root by 6.
Examples and answers
So a long way it’s been very theoretical, but mathematics is a realistic subject, so it’s far crucial to go through a few examples to ensure you absolutely apprehend right triangles.
How To Find The Length?
To find the perimeter, you should first discover the length.
This is basically what Pythagoras’ concept is set. If most effective two sides of a given right triangle, the idea permits you to locate the 1/3 period. Below are two examples, you can calculate any Pythagorean test question in case you apprehend how these are calculated.
How To Locate The Perimeter Of A Triangle?
Finding the perimeter of a triangle is very simple. Perimeter method is the sum of all the facets of a triangle. You can also must use the Pythagorean theorem to locate the lengths, however as soon as you recognize all the lengths, you upload them together.
For instance, if we observe the previous question, the circumference is 6 cm + 18 cm + 16.97 cm that’s equal to forty.Ninety seven cm.
How To Discover The Location Of a Triangle?
Finding the region of a proper triangle is a touch extra complicated than finding its perimeter. For a proper-angled triangle, the vicinity is calculated by multiplying the width and period and dividing it by using 2.
For instance, with the previous query, the region is calculated as:
Area = (6 x sixteen.Ninety seven) 2
Area = 50.91 cm2
Still easy enough, but remember that because it’s a place, the unit is cm2 even as the perimeter is simply cm.
This article contains lots of facts. We found the Pythagorean theorem, understood the residences of triangles, and calculated some lengths, perimeters and areas. If you’re nevertheless careworn, it is flawlessly high-quality! There are many tools obtainable that will let you, together with websites, YouTube tutorials, workbooks, and teaching.
H3: Mathematics Teaching
You discover it challenging to analyze to your own and like to paintings with an instructor? If so, train is the way to go. You will benefit extra understanding of the problem by means of operating with a teach as you’ll in a smaller class or even 1:1.
Student Hull in Elementary Science, Middle School, High SchoolAnd even universities can benefit from Tutorax’s in-domestic and on line tutoring offerings. Teaching sessions are to be had in Mathematics, English, Science, Chemistry, Physics, French and different topics.
Tutorax provides individualized help to every pupil to help them improve their learning and develop study techniques. The show’s job is to assist build a scholar’s self belief and educational motivation in addition to assist him enhance his grades.
Perimeter Of Triangle Method?
Triangles are three-sided closed polygons formed via the intersection of three lines. It is confronted loads in normal lifestyles. It is one of the basic shapes of geometry. It has 3 sides, three angles and 3 vertices. The sum of all three angles is usually equal to 180°.
Types of triangles
On the basis of the sides of the triangle, triangles are divided into 3 sorts:
Equilateral Triangle: It is described as a triangle whose all three aspects are identical.
Isosceles Triangle: It is described as a triangle whose sides are identical in duration. Since any aspects of an equilateral triangle are equal, it is able to be categorised as an isosceles triangle. An isosceles triangle has identical angles on opposite vertices of equal aspects.
Rhombus Triangle: It is described as a triangle whose three facets have one of a kind lengths. Thus, angles also have extraordinary measurements.


Cal State Dominguez Hills program seeks to train math and science teachers for local schools
Carson’s Cal State Dominguez Hills has received a $7.6 million federal grant to train 350 aspiring, low-income math and science teachers for LAUSD schools over the next five years, including those in the South Bay cities of Carson, Gardena and Lomita, and the Los Angeles neighborhoods of San Pedro, Wilmington and Harbor City.
The Accelerated Preparation Program for Leaders in Education — or APPLE — will give prospective teachers the opportunity to earn credentials for both multiple and single subjects; usually such credentials are offered in separate programs.
The program is designed for those who can’t afford a traditional student-teaching or residency program, allowing them to become teachers and receive a salary as they complete their studies. It will also help provide teachers for the Los Angeles Unified School District.
“APPLE will help (local schools) address an acute and persistent need for elementary teachers with a strong background in math and science and for middle school single-subject math and science teachers,” said Kamal Hamdan, director of the Center for Innovation in Science Technology Engineering and Math Education at Dominguez Hills, which is managing the program.
“The APPLE project will be a difference-maker,” Hamdan added. “This will affect the lives of over 100,000 students per year. “


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Foreign Language. Social Studies - History. Geography Middle Ages. For All Subject Areas. See All Resource Types. Geometry Worksheet: Reflections. Students will practice the necessary skills of reflections to be successful in Geometry and to continue student success and growth.
MathGeometry. WorksheetsHomework. Add to cart. Wish List. About this resource:Looking for a fun or new way to deliver notes? Then, doodle guides are for you! These guides encourage creativity while delivering new concepts. Doodle guides keep students engaged and makes note-taking more fun!
This doodle guide teaches the concept of coordinate Reflections. WorksheetsActivities.Our maths transformation worksheets in PDF are designed to help students at KS3 master the art of enlarging, reflecting and rotating shapes. Use our reflection worksheets, maths enlargement worksheets, rotations worksheets and centre of enlargement worksheets to help your child or pupil understand all types of transformations.
Our PDF worksheets will ensure KS3 students are confident with all types of transformation, whether that is a reflection in the x and y axis, transforming graphs, describing transformations and more.
Our transformations worksheets with answers allow you to see how well they are doing and identify points for revision. After using Cazoom, their hard work will be reflected in their grades!
Our clear and engaging transformation geometry worksheets will help your child or pupil grasp the sometimes confusing world of transformation maths. Whatever area of transformations they need help with, our maths translations worksheets will aid their comprehension of graph transformations, translation maths, rotations and more. Try Cazoom today to help students become confident on all aspects of maths transformations. Shapes are one of the first areas of maths that children learn at school.
From their first day at school they will learn how to identify and name shapes, and as they progress they will start learning how to rotate and reflect shapes.
Tracing paper is often used to introduce children to the technique of transforming shapes, but as they gain confidence and grow their maths skills more techniques can be introduced. Transformation worksheets can help children at all stages of their education.
GCSE students need to know how to describe transformations and use scale factor to enlarge shapes, and using clearly presented maths worksheets can help them master the knowledge they need to answer any exam question they come across.
Skills such as these are beneficial to their own personal development, and they are also valued by many employers. Worksheets cannot replace a knowledgeable teacher, but they do provide an opportunity for students to consolidate their maths knowledge.
Level Find out Graph Transformations and Maths Translation Worksheets Our clear and engaging transformation geometry worksheets will help your child or pupil grasp the sometimes confusing world of transformation maths. How Transformations Worksheets Help Kids Shapes are one of the first areas of maths that children learn at school. Improve Logic and Problem Solving Skills Transformation worksheets can help children at all stages of their education.
Useful Teaching Materials and Revision Aids Worksheets cannot replace a knowledgeable teacher, but they do provide an opportunity for students to consolidate their maths knowledge. Reflection A.
Reflection B. Rotation A. Rotational Symmetry. Reflections in X and Y Axes. Translations A. Translation Trail. Enlargement A. Scale Factors and Centres of Enlargement A. Translations B. Enlargement B.Rotate to landscape screen format on a mobile phone or small tablet to use the Mathway widget, a free math problem solver that answers your questions with step-by-step explanations.
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The following figures show the four types of transformations: Translation, Reflection, Rotation, and Enlargement. Scroll down the page for more examples and solutions using the transformations. Translation We translate a shape by moving it up or down or from side to side, but its appearance does not change in any other way. When we translate a shape, each of the vertices must be moved in exactly the same way.
Every translation has a translation vector which gives the direction in which the shape is moved. How to translate a shape given the translation vector? This video shows how to transform a shape using a given translation vector. Show Step-by-step Solutions. You can use the free Mathway calculator and problem solver below to practice Algebra or other math topics.
Try the given examples, or type in your own problem and check your answer with the step-by-step explanations.Reflection worksheets have exclusive pages to understand the concepts of reflection and symmetry. Exercises to graph the images of figures across the line of reflection, reflection of points and shapes are here for practice. In addition, skills to write the coordinates of the reflected images and more are in these worksheets.
Printing Help - Please do not print reflection worksheets directly from the browser. Kindly download them and print. In these reflection worksheets the figure and a line of reflection are given in each problem. Draw the image obtained after reflection. Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3.
Draw the other half of the symmetrical shape.
Practice these pages to know the relationship between reflection and symmetry. Choose the correct option which is the reflection of the given point. Reflect the point across the line of reflection. In these reflection worksheets reflect the shapes across the lines of reflection.
Each worksheet has eight problems. Reflect each quadrilateral across the given line of reflection. Graph the image on the grid and label them. Write a rule to describe each reflection. Example: Reflection across the x-axis or the y-axis or across a line.
Graph the image of each figure after the given reflection. Label the image and write the coordinates. Observe the given coordinates carefully. Write the new coordinates obtained after reflection in these worksheets. Members have exclusive facilities to download an individual worksheet, or an entire level. Login Become a Member. Reflection across the axes In these reflection worksheets the figure and a line of reflection are given in each problem.
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Download All Choose the correct reflection Choose the correct option which is the reflection of the given point. Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Download All Reflection of shapes In these reflection worksheets reflect the shapes across the lines of reflection. Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Download All. Reflection of quadrilaterals Reflect each quadrilateral across the given line of reflection. What's New? Follow us. Not a Member?Rotate to landscape screen format on a mobile phone or small tablet to use the Mathway widget, a free math problem solver that answers your questions with step-by-step explanations.
We welcome your feedback, comments and questions about this site or page. Please submit your feedback or enquiries via our Feedback page. Related Topics: More Lessons for Grade 6 Grade 6 Worksheets Transformation Games Videos, worksheets, examples, and solutions to help Grade 6 students learn about reflection, rotation and translation.
Reflect a Point
The following diagrams show the Transformations: Translation, Reflection and Rotation. Scroll down the page for examples and solutions.
Reflection When reflecting a 2-D shape remember that: - the shape and its image are of opposite orientation - a 2-D shape and its image are congruent - there is an equal distance from the mirror line to both the 2-D shape and its reflected image When reflecting a 2-D shape across a horizontal line of reflection, the x-coordinates of the vertices do not change, but the y-coordinates do change.
When reflecting a 2-D shape across a vertical line of reflection, the y-coordinates of the vertices do not change, but the x-coordinates do change. When reflecting a 2-D shape across a diagonal line of reflection, both the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of the vertices change.
You can use the free Mathway calculator and problem solver below to practice Algebra or other math topics. Try the given examples, or type in your own problem and check your answer with the step-by-step explanations.A reflection is a kind of transformation. Conceptually, a reflection is basically a 'flip' of a shape over the line of reflection. Reflections are opposite isometriessomething we will look below.
Reflections are isometries. And the distance between each of the points on the preimage is maintained in its image. Though a reflection does preserve distance and therefore can be classified as an isometry, a reflection changes the orientation of the shape and is therefore classified as an opposite isometry. You can see the change in orientation by the order of the letters on the image vs the preimage.
In the orignal shape preimagethe order of the letters is ABCgoing clockwise. The general rule for a reflection over the x-axis :. A reflection in the y-axis can be seen in diagram 4, in which A is reflected to its image A'. The general rule for a reflection over the y-axis. What is the image of point A 1,2 after reflecting it across the x-axis. In technical speak, pefrom the following transformation r x-axis?
What is the image of point A 31,1 after reflecting it across the x-axis. In technical speak, pefrom the following transformation r y-axis? The length of each segment of the preimage is equal to its corresponding side in the image.
Auto Flip Flip. You can drag the point anywhere you want. Point Segment Triangle Rectangle. Draw Dist. Snap to grid. Select Reflection Line. Select Shape To reflect. Show Answer. Back to Transformations Next to Point Reflections. Popular pages mathwarehouse. Surface area of a Cylinder. Unit Circle Game. Pascal's Triangle demonstration. Create, save share charts. Interactive simulation the most controversial math riddle ever! Calculus Gifs. How to make an ellipse.
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