Optimazion is a hair loss supplement. It contains the FDA-approved ingredient Minoxidil, which helps stimulate the growth of new hair follicles. It is applied twice daily to the scalp and can be very effective in restoring lost hair. It can be used by men with alopecia or thinning of the hair. It is effective in treating baldness and improving the overall appearance of the scalp.
The definition of an optimization problem is relatively simple. Generally speaking, a stationary point is the optimal solution. This is called a minimal problem. When solving a minimization problem, the objective function’s gradient must be zero. If there is a minimum, the solution is non-local and is not local. A maxima at (0, 4) indicates the minimum. If the maxima are at a fixed position, the maximum will be found at this location.
Another method to find an optimal solution is by solving a problem with two constraints. It should have a minimum quantity and a maximum quantity. This way, the objective function will be minimized. The minimum quantity, known as the optimal solution, is the x value. This is the minimum quantity in the system. The first derivative should be zero. The simplest example of an optimization problem is a constrained elliptic curve.
There are various techniques for identifying an optimal solution. The Lagrange multiplier method is one way of finding an optimal solution, but you should always consult a textbook before attempting a particular technique. If you have the option, you can use a computer program to test the solutions. You can test your solution by submitting it to a peer-reviewed journal. This method is often more accurate than other methods. It can be time consuming, but the result will be worth the effort.
The gradient of a solution in an optimization problem is the value of a variable. It is important to find a sensitivity function to solve a problem with a constraint. If you’re working in a complex optimization problem, you should consider how many variables are involved in the problem. The maximum quantity is the quantity where the optimum is located. In this way, you can find a minimum value of a simplex curve by rearranging the vertices.
The maximum value of a minima can be determined by using the method of a linear program. The first derivative of a function is the maximum value. The optimum value of a function equals its slope. For instance, a blue dot at (0, 4) indicates the maxima. The green dot at the intersection of these points is the minimum quantity. This is the minimum of a polynomial.
The second method involves some calculations, but is more efficient. In the interval between possible optimal values, the cost function will be concave upwards. For example, w = 1.8821 must produce the smallest cost. In contrast, w=1.2821 should give the smallest cost. For the first case, w=1.68721 must produce the minimum costs. However, the second method is more accurate, but it requires more work.


Unlock Requirements: R7 + For each faction bloodline: to have bought 100 upgrades related to the faction in question, total, across all reincarnations. This includes Faction Upgrades, Trade Treaties, Friendship Pacts, Alliances, Heritages, and Faction Spell Upgrades.
Increase the production of Farm, Inn and Blacksmith based on the assistants you own. Formula: 250 * x0.9%, where x is the number of assistants you have.
Increase the chance to find Faction Coins based on Faction Coins found in this game and autoclick 3 times per second. Autoclicks made this way benefit from a 100 times higher clicking reward and Faction Coin find chance. Formula: floor(15 * ln(1 + x)1.75), where x is number of Faction Coins found in this game.
Increase mana regeneration based on spells cast this game. Formula: (1.31 * x0.31), where x is spell casts (this game).
Reduce all building cost multipliers. Reduces cost multiplier by 0.02; with no other reductions applying, the multiplier will be 1.13 instead of 1.15.
Gain additional assistants based on the amount of times you reincarnated. Formula: floor(8 * x0.8), where x is the number of times you have reincarnated.
Increase production bonus from gems based on total time spent being Evil. Formula: floor(0.04 * x0.8)%, where x is your Time Spent Being Evil (Total) in seconds stat.
Increase the production of all buildings based on the amount of Royal Exchanges you purchased. Formula: 15 * x0.85%, where x is the amount of Royal Exchanges made.
Increase mana regeneration based on maximum mana. Formula: Formula: 0.03 * x 0.95, where x is your maximum mana. (non-linear value).
Increase maximum mana based on mana produced in this game. Formula: floor(30 * log10(1 + x)3.5), where x is your Mana Produced (This Game) stat..
Increase the production of all buildings based on the amount of excavations you made. Formula: 10 * x0.8%, where x is your number of excavations purchased.
Multiplicatively increase the chance to find Faction Coins based on time spent in this game. Formula: 1.6 * x0.6, where x is time spent in this game.
Increase the production of all buildings based on Faction Coin find chance. Formula: 4 * (x 0.4), where x is your Faction Coin find chance.
In-game description:Increase the production of all buildings based on the time spent as faction of the bloodline you are using. While you are Mercenary, a fraction of the total time spent as mercenary is added to your Bloodstream bonus based on the amount of mercenary upgrades purchased in this game from the faction of the bloodline you are using.
Unlocking all Faction Bloodlines grants the Bloodstream Secret Trophy, which in turn grants the Bloodstream upgrade.
Effect: Increases the production of all buildings based on the total time allied with the faction bloodline you are playing. ("Time Spent Allied" with at the bottom of the stats.)
Cost: 1Tg (1e93 coins)
Formula: 0.1*x0.65%, where x is your (adjusted) time spent affiliated with the bloodline's faction in seconds.
For Mercenaries, Bloodstream works slightly differently, and a fraction of your "Time Spent Allied with Mercenary" is used in addition to the time spent allied with the faction your current bloodline belongs to. This fraction depends on the amount of upgrades that "match" the bloodline faction used in a build. Mercenaries have 12 upgrades, so each upgrade represents 1/12 of the total Mercenary time. As Factions have 9 upgrades, the maximum fraction possible is 9/12.
These "Matches" are indicated in Mercenary builds. Example: A build using Titan bloodline and 3 Titan upgrades will be said to have "3 matches" = 3/12th of your total time allied with Mercenaries will be used in the Bloodstream upgrade.
Hovering over the Bloodstream upgrade, the tool-tip will show the Adjusted time spent.
A400 BloodspringResearch Upgrade (R28): grants the effect of the bloodline of the faction you're currently playing, in addition to the bloodline that you have chosen. In the case of combinations with Prestige factions, the Prestige faction's bloodline will get selected. If you have already selected your (Prestige) faction's bloodline, the Bloodspring upgrade will have no effect.
A2950 CombinationResearch Upgrade (R77): Allows Mercenaries to select a 2nd Bloodine while also gaining all the base effect of its respective Lineage.


Team Umizoomi is an animated live-action series on Nick Jr. It's located in the center of a wonderfully urban environment, where the streets are paved with origami, the sidewalks are swirled with color, and even the manhole covers have whimsical patterns embedded within. Team Umizoomi is made up of Milli, Geo, and Bot, who solve everyday problems with their Mighty Math Powers in order to keep Umi City running smoothly.
Your preschooler will join these mini and mighty superheroes as their "Umifriend" to solve any and every problem. By demonstrating how math is everywhere and how it's integral to our daily lives, Team Umizoomi engages preschoolers, enhances their interest in, excitement for, and enjoyment of math.


At Pennine View we aim to ‘empower our pupils to take on the world’. We build the skills that our pupils will need in order to thrive in the real world, as adults.
The ultimate goal in maths is for pupils to leave Pennine View with the key mathematical skills that support everyday life, feeling confident and proud of their achievements. Pupils need these core skills to live a fulfilling and successful life.
Our maths curriculum is designed in such a way that all pupils are able to engage in, and find success with, mathematics. Maths is taught 4 times each week by class teachers, under the guidance of the subject leader. Pupils follow the maths SOW which ensures pupils are working at an appropriate level of challenge. There is also an ‘Experience, Express, Assert’ SOW for shape, measure and statistics.
Maths is assessed through rigorous assessments taken 3 times per year and moderated by the subject lead. In year 11, pupils take their Entry Level Certificate qualification in maths.


Valuation and Hedging
This course aims to teach students the techniques of quantitative finance and apply them to insurance contracts. The underlying principle is that the market-consistent value of an (insurance) contract is based on the market value of a replicating portfolio plus an 'add-on' for the remaining (unhedgeable) risk.
- Market-consistent valuation and total balance sheet approach in regulation
- Pricing and hedging using derivatives, such as futures, swaps and swaptions
- Stochastic calculus and option theory with applications to insurers (e.g. embedded unit linked options)
- Stochastic interest rate models and interest rate options with applications to insurers (e.g. embedded profit sharing options)
- Pricing of nonhedgeable risks (incomplete markets): using cost-of-capital method or actuarial pricing operators
- Simulation techniques: (least-squares) Monte-Carlo
- Understanding the role of market-consistent valuation in managing the insurer's balance sheet and in regulation
- Modelling of stochastic financial processes using analytical and numerical techniques
- Valuation and hedging (replicating portfolio) of liabilities including (embedded) options and garantuees
- Options, Futures and other Derivates, John C. Hull
- Lecture notes to be distributed by lecturer
R: you can download this program and the manuals (for installation and use of the program) for free via http://www.r-project.org/.
Written exam meeting 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Dr. K.B. Gubbels


1 edition of Random harmonic analysis program, L221 (TEV156) found in the catalog.
Random harmonic analysis program, L221 (TEV156)
by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technial Information Branch, For sale by the National Technical Information Service] in Washington, D.C, [Springfield, Va
Written in English
|Series||NASA contractor report -- 2857-2858|
|Contributions||Miller, R. D. 1935-, Graham, M. L, Clemmons, R. E., United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch, Langley Research Center|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||2 v. :|
j=1 are independent random variables with common distribution P(ε j =1)=P(ε j =−1)=1/2, then the sum ∞ j=1 ε j/2 j has a uniform distribution on [−1,1]. 4 Regrouping the series. Proposition 1 of the previous section shows that a sequence of discrete random variables can sum to a continuous random variable with a well-known density. Note: If you're looking for a free download links of Harmonic Analysis, Signal Processing, and Complexity: (Progress in Mathematics) Pdf, epub, docx and torrent then this site is not for you. astonmartingo.com only do ebook promotions online and we does not distribute any free download of ebook on this site.
Harmonic Analysis. This book explains the following topics: Fourier Series of a periodic function, Convolution and Fourier Series, Fourier Transforms on Rd, Multipliers and singular integral operators, Sobolev Spaces, Theorems of Paley-Wiener and Wiener, Hardy Spaces. the analysis of complicated networks with multiple harmonic sources. The penetra-tion of harmonic currents in the electrical netw ork that can af fect adjacent customers and even reach the substation transformer is also discussed. Finally, a description of the most important aspects to .
Harmonic analyzer definition is - a machine for the automatic resolution of periodic curves into the component sine curves of which they may be regarded as the resultants. from Measure and integral by Wheeden and Zygmund and Real analysis: a modern introduction, by Folland. Much of the material in these notes is taken from the books of Stein Singular integrals and di erentiability properties of functions,  and Harmonic analysis  and the book of Stein and Weiss, Fourier analysis on Euclidean spaces .Cited by: 3.
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Note: Citations are based on reference standards. However, Random harmonic analysis program rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study. The specific requirements or preferences of your reviewing publisher, classroom teacher, institution or organization should be applied.
Filed under: Harmonic analysis. Harmonic Analysis and the Theory of Probability (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, ), by S.
Bochner (page images at HathiTrust) Mathematical Dissertations, For the Use of Students in the Modern Analysis, by J. Young (page images at Cornell). Harmonic Analysis and the Theory of Probability (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, Random harmonic analysis program, L (TEV).
(Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch ; L221 book, Va. A text-book for classical and engineering colleges. They also obtain many related results.
For example, whenever a random Fourier series converges uniformly a.s. it also satisfies the central limit theorem. The methods developed are used to study some questions in harmonic analysis that are not intrinsically random.
For example, a new characterization of Sidon sets is astonmartingo.com: Michael B. Marcus. Harmonic analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with the representation of functions or signals as the superposition of basic waves, and the study of and generalization of the notions of Fourier series and Fourier transforms (i.e.
an extended form of Fourier analysis).In the past two centuries, it has become a vast subject with applications in areas as diverse as number theory. The Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI), founded inis an independent nonprofit mathematical research institution whose funding sources include the National Science Foundation, foundations, corporations, and more than 90 universities and institutions.
The Institute is located at 17 Gauss Way, on the University of California, Berkeley campus, close to Grizzly Peak, on the. "Katznelson's An Introduction to Harmonic Analysis is, of course, a classic So the first thing to say is 'thank you,' to Cambridge for doing this new edition, and to Prof.
Katznelson for undertaking the task of updating his book It is an ambitious book, moving all the way from Fourier series to Banach algebras and analysis on locally Cited by: Starting in the early 's, Alberto Calderon, Antoni Zygmund, and their students developed a program in harmonic analysis with far-reaching consequences.
The title of these proceedings reflects this broad reach. This book came out of a DePaul University conference honoring Stephen Vagi upon his.
Thanks to Anders Dahlner, Mark Keel, Camil Muscalu, Fabrice Planchon, Dave Rusin, and Adam Sikora for link suggestions and updates. Special thanks to Phillipe Jaming for his information sharing between this page and the TMR - Harmonic Analysis page.
If you have a link, correction, or other feedback please send it to me by astonmartingo.com e-mail. A HANDBOOK OF HARMONIC ANALYSIS YOSHIHIRO SAWANO Contents Preface 10 Acknowledgement 10 Orientation of this book 10 Notations in this book 13 Part 1.
A bird’s-eye-view of this book 16 1. Introduction 16 Maximal operator on ∂D 16 Conjugate functions on ∂D 22 Alternate version of L1(∂D)-boundedness and Calder´on-Zygmund. Manual of harmonic analysis and prediction of tides.
This book was designed primarily as a working manual for use in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and describes the procedure used in this office for the harmonic analysis and prediction of tides and tidal currents. Author(s): Paul Schureman.
They also obtain many related results. For example, whenever a random Fourier series converges uniformly a.s. it also satisfies the central limit theorem. The methods developed are used to study some questions in harmonic analysis that are not intrinsically random.
For example, a new characterization of Sidon sets is derived. Jul 28, · Random Harmonic Series. Suppose now that the signs of the terms of the harmonic series are changed in a random manner. We could imagine tossing a coin and choosing plus one for heads and minus one for tails.
We get the series. where is chosen randomly with probability 1/2 of being either plus one or minus one. Learning roadmap for harmonic analysis. Ask Question Asked 8 years, 7 months ago. Active 3 months ago. This is also a very beautiful book. For 'harmonic analysis' as a modern field, you ought to get your hands on a copy of Stein's books as in Peter's answer.
The late Tom Wolff has a. e-books in Harmonic Analysis category Real Harmonic Analysis by Pascal Auscher, Lashi Bandara - ANU eView, This book presents the material covered in graduate lectures delivered in Moving from the classical periodic setting to the real line, then to, nowadays, sets with minimal structures, the theory has reached a high level of applicability.
Reduction of deformation in a spring-mass realisation of human chest occurred after action of impact. Book. Full-text available Random harmonic analysis program, L (TEV). Volume 1. In a sense, Harmonic Analysis subsumes both his Fourier Analysis and Singular Integrals books, but I believe it assumes a lot of basic information on Fourier Analysis that his earlier book covers.
Another great and very modern book would be Wolff's Lecture Notes on Harmonic Analysis (available for. modal, harmonic, and random vibration analysis techniques for conducting and verifying finite harmonic analysis page 5 modal, harmonic, andrandom vibration analysis techniques for conducting and verifying finite element analysis.
When I was reading Folland's A course in abstract harmonic analysis, I was told these materials have wonderful applications to number theory. However, I do not see really a lot of examples there.
Can someone give some references on the applications of harmonic analysis to number theory. I am currently studying a basic course in abstract harmonic analysis. I do have a good background in abstract algebra and functional analysis but I have not done a course in Fourier analysis.
references for abstract harmonic analysis. Ask Question Asked 3 years, 9 months ago. Browse other questions tagged reference-request book.
Intuition behind Harmonic Analysis in Analytic Number Theory. Ask Question Asked 3 years, and throughout the Langlands program generally, It might be instructive to have a look into the book by Weil in order to see why harmonic analysis is a rather natural tool for studying locally compact fields.Sep 17, · The book demonstrates how harmonic analysis can provide penetrating insights into deep aspects of modern analysis.
It is an introduction to the subject as a whole and an overview of those branches of harmonic analysis that are relevant to the Kakeya conjecture.I've developed some code in Python to apply a harmonic analysis of timeseries (for satellite imagery data).
It's based on this, but then I would like to optimize the performance. So instead of a si.


8th Grade Resource Center - Room 47
Welcome to the Resource Center Website!We are so excited to start this new school year and hope you are too!You have so much to learn to prepare for High School,and we will be there to guide you whenever you need.This is going to be an awesome year!!You will see Mrs. Beringer in Resource Math 8, Math 7 with Ms. Hey, Math 8 (period 8) with Ms. DeRosa, Science 8 with Mrs. Schwartz, and Science 8 with Mrs. Sarlo.You will see Ms. Heisler in Resource ILA 8, Social Studies 8 with Mr. Leckie, and ILA 7 with Mr. Pizzo.You will see Ms. Marianino in ESL, ILA 8 with Mrs. Ironson, ILA 6 with Mrs. Mansolino, and Science 7 with Mr Stagg .You will see Ms. Carle in Math 8 (period 1) with Ms. DeRosa, and Social Studies 6 with Mrs. McPhersonOn this website you can find links to your classroom teacher's websites.Click on the subject link on the sidebar to access their websites.You can also find information about 8th Grade Resource Math Class.Here is a link to my "Back to School Night" VideoYour resource teachers are available during enrichment or virtually after school if you make an appointment. Study sessions / reviews will be held before most tests or quizzes virtually after 1:00. Study guides and notes will be posted on the Google Classroom - Study Hub 2020 - 2021.
The best way to contact any of the eighth grade resource teachers is by email,
our email addresses are:


Calculate actual costThe company can get this figure from their actual payment to the worker. Calculate the standard cost of the actual hourWe calculate this by using the actual hour at the standard rate per hour. The standard rate is the cost which we expect to pay to the worker.3. Calculate varianceWe can get a difference by comparing both figures above. More specifically, the formula looks at the direct labor hours invested into an outcome and relates them to the projected labor hours. In simpler terms, the variance tells you exactly how many hours you invested as compared to expectations.
To calculate sales volume variance, subtract the budgeted quantity sold from the actual quantity sold and multiply by the standard selling price. For example, if a company expected to sell how to calculate labor efficiency variance 20 widgets at $100 a piece but only sold 15, the variance is 5 multiplied by $100, or $500. The sum of all the variances calculated above shall equal to the direct labor variance in total.
Use The Formula
The result is Favorable, since the standard quantity is more than the actual quantity. In cases where the actual quantity is more than normal balance the standard quantity, the result is in which means Adverse. the information in the variance reports may be too old to be useful.
It is similar to the labor format because the variable overhead is applied based on labor hours in this example. Efficiency variance is the difference between how many inputs you expect to need to produce an output and the actual number of inputs used to produce the output. Inputs may include direct labor hours, money paid toward overhead or raw materials. The labor cost formula to calculate direct labor cost per unit is the standard cost of one hour of labor multiplied by the number of hours needed to produce one unit. Multiply $22.50 by 0.8 and you have a per-unit, direct labor cost of $18.00.
The calculation of a standard price per unit of direct materials includes ______. Inappropriately high setting of the standard cost of direct labor which may, in the hindsight, be attributed to inaccurate planning. While if the actual hours worked are higher than the budgeted hours estimated by management, we called it unfavorable variance. Adding these two variables together, we get an overall variance of $3,000 . It is a variance that management should look at and seek to improve. Although price variance is favorable, management may want to consider why the company needs more materials than the standard of 18,000 pieces. It may be due to the company acquiring defective materials or having problems/malfunctions with machinery.
How Do You Find Direct Labor Hours?
If the company fail to control the efficiency of labor, then it becomes very difficult for the company to survive in the market. It is a very important tool for management as it provides the management a very close look at the efficiency of labor work. Aggregate this information to arrive at the sales mix variance for the organization. Standard costs fit naturally into an integrated system of accounting.
The standard assumes a certain mix of employees involving different skill levels, which does not match the actual staffing. If this cannot be done, then the standard number of hours required to produce an item is increased to more closely reflect the actual level of efficiency. It also indicates that the management strategies are following by the labors. It is stated that there should be some motivation, if you apply standard costing in your organization. ABC Company is producing crystal glass in a very high tech company. The purchasing manager is generally responsible for the material variance, and the production manager is generally responsible for the material variance.
Material quantity variance, on the other hand, measures the difference between the standard quantity of materials expected to complete a project and the actual amount you used. We express variances in terms of FAVORABLE or UNFAVORABLE and negative is not always bad or unfavorable and positive is not always good or favorable.
Direct Labor Variance Analysis
When you plug this into the formula, you get a direct labor efficiency variance. The standard price of materials is $4.10 per pound and the standard quantity allowed for actual output is 5,800 pounds. If the actual quantity income summary purchased and used was 6,000 pounds, and the actual price per pound was $4.00, the direct materials price variance is ______. The direct labor efficiency variance is similar in concept to direct material quantity variance.
Variable overhead efficiency variance is positive when standard hours allowed exceed actual hours. Therefore a positive value is favorable implying that production process was carried out efficiently with minimal loss of resources. On the other hand when actual hours exceed standard hours allowed, the variance is negative and unfavorable implying that production process was inefficient. The standard hours allowed is the result of multiplying 530 units of product by 3 standard hours per unit.
As mentioned earlier, the cause of one variance might influence another variance. For example, many of the explanations shown in Figure 10.7 “Possible Causes of Direct Labor Variances for Jerry’s Ice Cream” might also apply to the favorable materials quantity variance. Adding the budget variance and volume variance, we get a total unfavorable variance of $1,600. Once again, this is something that management may want to look at. Labour efficiency ratio information shows employee performance or efficiency during the production process. If expected time is more than actual time, it means Labour performance has been better than standard, otherwise performance is regarded below expectation.
Direct Labor Rate Variance is the measure of difference between the actual cost of direct labor and the standard cost of direct labor utilized during a period. This is an important management tool used to compare the budgeted hours allowed on the standard rate with actual hours worked on the standard rate. Direct material mix variance is the difference between the budgeted and actual mixes of direct material costs used in a production process.
Poor supervision is one possible cause of an unfavorable ______ variance. Standard quantities and the cost of the inputs to make a single product are accumulated on a card. Comparing your actual results to arbitrary industry standards can cause confusion as to whether you’re on track or need to make changes. Depending on your goals, you can analyze any of the following variances in order to optimize your operational performance. In this article, we’ll explore the different types of variances and how analyzing them can help you take control of your budget. Change in type of material, which allows machines and labor to work faster.
- Subtract the total standard quantity of materials that are supposed to be used from the actual level of use and multiply the remainder by the standard price per unit.
- Note that this is a positive number, so you have unfavorable variance.
- For example, a service-based business like a law firm may only need to analyze its labor efficiency variance.
- For example, if you anticipated selling 100 bicycles this year but only sold 92, your sales volume variance is the cost of the eight bicycles you didn’t sell.
- The units produced are the equivalent units of production for the labor cost being analyzed.
Labor efficiency variance equals the number of direct labor hours you budget for a period minus the actual hours your employees worked, times the standard hourly labor rate. Your labor efficiency variance would be 410 minus 400, times $20, which equals a favorable $200.
Variable overhead efficiency variance is the difference between actual hours worked at standard rate and standard hours allowed at standard rate. The standard hours allowed means standard hours allowed for actual output or production during a particular period.
Management should only pay attention to those that are unusual or particularly significant. Often, by analyzing these variances, companies are able to use the information to identify a problem so that it can be fixed or simply to improve overall company performance. This is shown by a negative value when you complete the calculation.
Calculating the efficiency variance is a clear way to determine areas of labor that need to improve, but the number can only do so much. Ultimately, changes have to be made to labor in order to improve efficiency. That’s best done after considering the most common sources of inefficiency.
Author: Craig W. Smalley, E.A.


This program received 9 awards
Video tutorial and screenshots
DTREG is a program designed for predictive modeling and forecasting. The program includes Correlation, Factor Analysis, Principal Components Analysis and PCA Transformations of variables. It allows you to create a decision tree, Support Vector Machine, K-Means clustering, Linear Discriminant Function, Linear Regression or Logistic Regression models.
What's new in version 10.2
DTREG supports continuous and categorical (nominal) variables. Categorical variables can have symbolic values such as "Male"/"Female", "Live"/"Die", etc.
Read all › Read all ›


Data Exploration Using Pig and Hive
Some of the questions that we asked from our dataset:
Q1. Number of Males and Females who got loans approved.
Q2. Maximum Loan amount term for approved loans.
Q3. Max loan amount for which property type?
Q4. Minimum applicant income and/or co-applicant income at which the any loan was approved at all?
Q5. Ratio between minimum loan amount and associated income
Q6. Ratio between maximum loan amount and associated income
Logistic regression is intended for binary (two-class) classification problems. It will predict the probability of an instance belonging to the default class, which can be snapped into a 0 or 1 classification.
Decision tree builds regression or classification models in the form of a tree structure. It breaks down a dataset into smaller and smaller subsets while at the same time an associated decision tree is incrementally developed. The final result is a tree with decision nodes and leaf nodes.
Random forest Classifier : Random forests or random decision forests are an ensemble learning method for classification, regression and other tasks, that operate by constructing a multitude of decision trees at training time and outputting the class that is the mode of the classes (classification) or mean prediction (regression) of the individual trees.
Gradient Boosting Classifier:Gradient boosting is a machine learning technique for regression and classification problems, which produces a prediction model in the form of an ensemble of weak prediction models, typically decision trees. It builds the model in a stage-wise fashion like other boosting methods do, and it generalizes them by allowing optimization of an arbitrary differentiable loss function.


Baiba Kaskina is the General Manager of SigmaNet (Latvian NREN) and a Researcher at the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Latvia.
Besides the administrative functions, Baiba is involved in the GEANT3 and BalticGrid-II projects, leads the CERT NIC.LV team as well as contributes to several other projects and areas. She is the member of the TNC 2010 Programme Committee.
Baiba holds a MSc in Computer Science from the University of Latvia.
In her spare time, she enjoys orienteering sport, photography and traveling.


Powered by the World’s Most Advanced Optimization Techniques
The core of our optimization solution lies in our optimization engine, an ensemble of global and Bayesian optimization algorithms that can effectively optimize any model, from long time-to-train deep learning models to cutting-edge trading strategies. The optimization engine intelligently chooses the best optimization technique for your problem and balances exploration and exploitation of your parameter space to obtain high-performing results within your budget.
Built by optimization experts who have created some of the most widely-used open-source optimization libraries, our optimization engine combines an ensemble of different optimization techniques. Our research team is constantly working on extending the capabilities of the optimization engine by researching new optimization techniques and bridging the gap between academia and industry. To perform well across varying types of models, our optimization solution can tune mixed parameter types and supports up to 100 parameters, 10,000 distinct observations, and 100 parallel workers.
Our optimization engine goes beyond traditional hyperparameter tuning packages and methods with numerous advanced features that empower modelers to accelerate model development and solve new optimization problems.
- Multimetric Optimization facilitates the exploration of two distinct metrics simultaneously.
- Conditional Parameters allow practitioners to define and tune architecture parameters and automate model selection.
- High Parallelism enables you to fully leverage large-scale compute infrastructure and run optimization experiments across up to one hundred workers.
We constantly run quantitative empirical studies to demonstrate the excellence of our optimization engine against traditional and open-source approaches. We have built an internal evaluation framework that allows us to rigorously test, measure, and compare the impact of every single change to the optimization engine on hundreds of test and surrogate optimization problems. This framework allows us to confidently add new cutting edge optimization methods to our ensemble and ensure our solution is able to consistently achieve best-in-class performance on a wide variety, complexity, and scale of real-world problems.


The Rubin Screening: Laurie Anderson + Charles Seife
Screening: Laurie Anderson + Charles Seife
“Even as we huddle around our hearths and invent stories to convince ourselves that the cosmos is warm and full and inviting, nothingness stares back at us with empty eye sockets.” —Charles Seife
Performance artist Laurie Anderson returned for her fifth on-stage conversation at the Rubin, this time on how cultures use mathematics to define their world, with Charles Seife, the author of the bestselling Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea.
This is a screening of a filmed conversation.
About the Speaker
Glen Whitney received an undergraduate math degree from Harvard University and a Ph.D. in mathematical logic from UCLA. He began his career teaching at the University of Michigan, then became a quantitative analyst with Renaissance Technologies. Whitney discovered the spirit of hands-on exploration as an elementary-school math club coach, and he's used math as a tool to give back to society, helping to design the data collection systems used by the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative.
Whitney currently runs the National Museum of Mathematics, America’s only museum of mathematics. As Co-Executive Director of the Museum, Whitney is working to change public perceptions of mathematics, and to improve the way we educate our youth in this country. The Museum's Math Midway exhibit, a carnivalthemed traveling exhibition on mathematics, demonstrates that math can be interactive, exciting, and fun, and its Math Encounters presentation series communicates the richness of mathematics to the general public.


The boy's geekiness is rubbing off on me. I just realize that I have spent the last hour making an Excel spread sheet to figure out who has the best price on some Zephyr. I've figured out the price per ounce, per pound, and amount needed for the intended shawl for each company selling it. I am such a geek. You have to understand, my love is the type of person who has a ton of charts and graphs relating to our finances. Frankly I don't have any desire to see a graph of our mortgage until we are paying more principle than interest. It just depresses me. He just loves that stuff...what a sicko!
Me, I became and artist so I wouldn't have to do math. Yeah, that worked out real well for me. Why didn't they use knitting to teach me math? I'm doing all sorts of addition, multiplication, division not to mention geometry and algebra. I still haven't figured out how knitting could have helped me pass chemistry.
So back to my Zephyr dilemma. Can I justify buying a whole pound because the price per ounce (and therefore the shawl) will be cheaper than buying just what I need for the project? I think we all know the answer to that, but I still need to convince that little practical beast inside of me.
Speaking of beasts...here's a few pictures of mine. Aren't they cute little demons. Isis is the black one and Loki is the grey.


So I was just browsing some code, and I came across a cool module I’d never seen before: SymPy
Basically, SymPy is a Python library for symbolic mathematics. It aims to become a full-featured computer algebra system (CAS).
What is symbolic mathematics?
Symbolic computation deals with the computation of mathematical objects symbolically. This means that the mathematical objects are represented exactly, not approximately, and mathematical expressions with unevaluated variables are left in symbolic form. Symbolic computation is handling non-numerical values, this means symbols like in algebra. Variables are defined as
In simple word, “Variables are defined as Symbols in Symbolic Computation instead of defining variables as numerical values ”
This will be more clear from an example from SymPy official documentation.
Let us define a symbolic expression, representing the mathematical expression x+2xy+2y.
>>> from sympy import symbols >>> x, y = symbols('x y') >>> expr = x + 2*y >>> expr x + 2*y
Instead of evaluating to something by convention, the expression remains as just, x+2*y
>>> x*expr x*(x + 2*y)
Here, we might have expected x(x+2y) to transform into x^2+2xy, but instead, we see that the expression was left alone. This is a common theme in SymPy.
The Power of Symbolic Computation
The real power of a symbolic computation system such as SymPy is the ability to do all sorts of computations symbolically.
SymPy can simplify expressions, compute derivatives, integrals, and limits, solve equations, work with matrices, and much, much more, and do it all symbolically. It includes modules for plotting, printing (like 2D pretty printed output of math formulas,), code generation, physics, statistics, combinatorics, number theory, geometry, logic, and more.
Examples from official SymPy tutorial
Solve x^2 – 2 = 0
>>> solve(x**2 - 2, x) [-√2, √2
>>> integrate(sin(x**2), (x, -oo, oo)) √2⋅√π ───── 2
To install SymPy run:
sudo pip install SymPy
If you already have Anaconda and want to update SymPy to the latest version, use:
conda update sympy
After installation, it is best to verify that your freshly-installed SymPy works. To do this, start up Python and import the SymPy libraries:
$ python >>> from sympy import *
From here, execute some simple SymPy statements like the ones below:
>>> x = Symbol('x') >>> limit(sin(x)/x, x, 0) 1 >>> integrate(1/x, x) log(x)
Currently, I am going through the tutorial and documentation to get familiar with using the software.
Github: Introduction to contribution


The center distance and chain length
If the center distance of sprocket drive is too small, the packing angle on sprocket is small, and the number of teeth of sprocket meshing at the same time is less. If the center distance is too large, the chain will shake easily. Generally, the center distance is a=(30-50)p, and the maximum center distance is less than or equal to 80p.
The length of the chain is represented by the number of nodes in the chain. According to the formula to find the length of the belt drive, the number of chain segments calculated by the formula should be rounded to be an integer, preferably an even number. The formula of center distance a can be solved by using the above formula: in order to facilitate the installation and adjustment of chain tension, the center distance should be designed to be adjustable or there should be a tensioning device.


What is vedic mathematics vedic mathematics is a branch of mathematics which teaches pattern-observation and faster calculations it is based on 16 sanskrit sutras. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title vedic mathematics if an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point. Learn to teach vedic maths to kids through games start vedic maths training centre with our support skype: magicalmethods. Vedic math 2,848 likes 5 talking about this vedic mathematics is very much useful as it consists of a new approach to mathematics in an easy way the. Vedic-maths maths with smile vedic mathematics is pure mathematics based on certain sanskrit sutrās or formulas it is simple and easy to learn speed and.
Here are the live recordings of all the 20 classes i took as part of elementary level vedic maths course in tokyo japan in 2016 jan~april (video quality impr. Be a human calculator (mere observation - no magic): (all calculation tricks at a single place for kids and the aspirants of gmat, gre, sat, learning vedic math. 3 i why vedic mathematics many indian secondary school students consider mathematics a very difficult subject some students encounter difficulty with basic. Vedic math is a delightful learning for children and adults it helps in developing math interest in children and helps them to improve.
Mathematics of the vedas from hindupedia, the hindu encyclopedia jump to:navigation, search the concept of infinity was also known during vedic times. Vedic math essentially rests on the 16 sutras or mathematical formulas as referred to in the vedas here are useful links that help you learn more about these 16. Vedic maths forum aims to help the students develop their mental abilities and overcome their fear of mathematics enroll for our online courses and.
Just as the basics principles of hinduism lay in the vedas, so do the roots of mathematics discover the marvels of vedic maths. It is the foundation course covering the unique concepts of vedic math which are not usually covered in regular school math courses however,. Vedic mathematics tricks and shortcuts wwwmathlearnerscom for more tricks on vedic mathematics visit wwwmathlearnerscom 2 follow us on.
Vedic math-e-magic institute is an institution pioneering in vedic mathematics coaching with primary focus on helping students realise their goals and their true. Fast maths trick - multiply two numbers near 100 faster than a calculator using vedic math. Here you would learn about the self learning video course learn to teach vedic maths--online.
Join us for free one of the most renowned vedic maths training program (vmtp) of vedic math school the complete training in vedic maths which helps in mental. Vedic mathematics is the collective name given to a set of sixteen sutras (formulas) from the vedic period in india from 1500 to 800 bc these sutras were originally. Vedic maths is highly helpful in cracking competitive exams there are many vedic math online course one of them is games math for kids 18 march 2015 at 02. Tired of doing calculations l ever lost marks due to silly mistakes have you spent a looooooooong time calculating answer for a particular problem and still got it.


Christine Burke has been teaching math for almost 20 years. She started her professional career at Trinity High School and moved on to teach at Manchester Community College and Southern New Hampshire University. She also worked for the Learning Center in Bedford tutoring students from all of the surrounding towns until it’s closure in 2010. This closure gave her the opportunity to start her own private tutoring business where she would help kids of all ages better understand their coursework and help prepare them for the SAT’s. She is state certified in mathematics for grades 7-12.


Mathematical Modeling Engineer
Unravel Complexity and Drive Efficiency with Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer
In the ever-evolving landscape of engineering, one tool has emerged as a driving force behind innovation and efficiency – mathematical modeling. At the intersection of abstract mathematical concepts and real-world engineering challenges, our Mathematical Modeling Engineer operates, providing solutions that illuminate complex problems and revolutionize decision-making processes.
Who is a Mathematical Modeling Engineer?
A Mathematical Modeling Engineer employs mathematical methods and theories to develop models that mirror real-world engineering systems, scenarios, or phenomena. This unique approach transcends empirical observation, unveiling intricate dynamics, predicting outcomes, and informing strategic decisions.
How Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer Can Benefit Your Business:
- Reveal Complex Physical Problems in Engineering: With the power of mathematical modeling, complex engineering challenges are converted into solvable mathematical problems. By analyzing these models, our engineer can unravel intricate dynamics, discover underpinning principles, and generate solutions that might have remained obscured in a purely empirical approach.
- Reduce Troubleshooting Costs: In engineering, troubleshooting can be a lengthy and expensive process. Mathematical modeling offers an efficient alternative. By simulating various scenarios or system configurations, our Mathematical Modeling Engineer can identify potential problems before they occur, saving time and reducing troubleshooting costs.
- Accelerate R&D Processes: Mathematical models enable experimentation that would be too costly, time-consuming, or even impossible to conduct in the real world. By testing hypotheses and exploring system behavior in the mathematical realm, our engineer can expedite the R&D process, leading to faster innovation and lower costs.
Why Choose Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer?
Expertise Across Domains:
Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer brings a solid foundation in mathematics and a deep understanding of various engineering disciplines. This combination enables them to develop reliable and versatile models for a wide range of applications.
Advanced Tools and Techniques:
Equipped with state-of-the-art mathematical software and advanced modeling techniques, our Mathematical Modeling Engineer delivers robust, accurate models that pave the way for efficient problem-solving and effective decision-making.
Holistic Engineering Solutions:
As part of our comprehensive suite of engineering services, our Mathematical Modeling Engineer can collaborate with other specialists in our team, ensuring that you receive holistic solutions tailored to your unique engineering needs.
With extensive experience in applying mathematical modeling to real-world engineering problems, our engineer understands the nuances and complexities of various sectors, providing insights and solutions that are practically viable and impactful.
Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer can help your business navigate complexity, improve efficiency, and accelerate innovation. Reach out to us today to discover how our Mathematical Modeling Engineer can transform your engineering challenges into strategic advantages.
Case Study 1: Optimizing Production in Automotive Manufacturing
Background: An automotive manufacturer was seeking to optimize their production line to improve throughput and reduce costs.
Solution: Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer developed a model simulating the entire production process, taking into account various factors such as machine speeds, setup times, worker schedules, and raw material availability. By manipulating these variables within the model, they identified an optimal configuration that increased throughput and minimized costs.
Result: The company implemented the suggested changes and saw a 15% increase in production throughput and a significant reduction in operational costs.
Case Study 2: Risk Mitigation in Renewable Energy Project
Background: A renewable energy company wanted to assess the financial viability and potential risks of a large-scale wind farm project.
Solution: Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer built a comprehensive model incorporating factors like projected wind speeds, turbine efficiency, maintenance costs, and potential downtime. They were able to predict energy output, identify potential risks, and calculate projected returns.
Result: Armed with this information, the company could make informed decisions about the project, balancing potential risks and returns. The project has since been successful, with performance closely matching the predictions from the mathematical model.
Case Study 3: Reducing R&D Costs in Medical Devices
Background: A medical device company was developing a new product but wanted to reduce the time and costs associated with R&D.
Solution: Our Mathematical Modeling Engineer created a model simulating the functionality of the device, allowing for extensive testing and refinement in a virtual environment. This approach significantly reduced the need for physical prototyping and testing.
Result: The company was able to accelerate the development process, reduce R&D costs, and bring the product to market faster than traditionally possible.
These case studies demonstrate how our Mathematical Modeling Engineer can provide actionable insights across various sectors, driving efficiency, mitigating risks, and accelerating innovation.


Smooth and greasy
Here at DVB, we don’t just know beer, we know maths and science too. It’s simple, You + Smooth = 69. That’s because we’re a 59, and you’re a 10. Or maybe U + I = 145. Because the atomic number for Uranium is 92 and the atomic number for I is 53. That’s right, we’ve got chemistry and that’s why you drink our beer. Boom.


Не всякий гейм-мастер так сможет. Со стрелочкой мой ввод, потом сгенерировпнная история.
> Ask if set which contains all sets whose do not contain themselves should contain itself or not?
You ask the mathematician if
there is any set which contains
all sets which do not contain
themselves. He replies that
there is such a set, but it
doesn't exist. You then ask
whether it should contain itself
He replies that it doesn't
matter, as long as it doesn't
> Pounder if class approach is a solution to Russel paradox of self-containing sets.
You decide to use the class
approach which has been proposed
by the mathematician. The idea
is that you take two classes and
try to show that they are
equivalent. This will allow you
to prove your own result without
having to go through the whole
Russell's Paradox again.
> Pounder more
You continue with the class
approach, but now you start
looking for a third class. You
find one: the "pounding" class.
A pounding class consists of
sets which contain each other in
every possible way.


#37 Teaching maths in Africa: an interview with Professor Franca Hoffmann
February 11, 2022
Professor Hoffmann has spent much of the past decade working with the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, its Quantum Leap Africa initiative, and a host of other groups and NGOs across the African continent, all focused on the support and pursuit of higher mathematics. And yet, in her own words, she’s still “very junior” at her home institution herself. How is this possible?


How to Calculate the Carrying Value of a Bond. is higher than the coupon rate (9%), this bond will be sold at a discount. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.TaxTips.ca - Tax treatment of. and the other part is the maturity value of the bonds, sold as.If I have a corporate bond with the face value of 1,000 with a coupon rate of 9 and a current market value of 850 for 10 years what the yield to maturity.To build the model we will calculate interest rate value at risk (Rate VaR), bond price value at risk (Price VaR) as well as the delta normal.CHAPTER 14: BOND PRICES AND YIELDS 1. b. Effective annual interest rate on coupon bond paying 5% semiannually.
This results in an interest rate of 4.01% in the calculator,.This calculator determines the present value for mortgages, pure discount bonds, and coupon bonds, It will also calculate the rate of return (or bond.A Zero Coupon Bond or a Deep Discount Bond is a bond that does not pay periodic coupon or interest.
Bond Coupon Rate Calculator Excel 2017 DiscountCalculating the Present Value of a 9% Bond in a 10% Market. To calculate the present value of the.The current yield, parity price of stock, conversion ratio, coupon.Find Coupon Rate: bonds,16yr mat.,. then divided the answer by the Present Value,.Treasury Return Calculator, With Coupon Reinvestment. The calculator assumes bonds are bought at face value with no transaction fees and a tax rate of 0%.Bond face value, Bond price, Coupon rate and years to maturity.The discount rate used to calculate the present value of the bond will.
Just to write so others reading the post can see why there were two prices for the same par value bond.
How do you calculate the coupon rate of a bond | scholarlyYield-to-maturity is the yield calculation used to compare the values of bonds with different issue and maturity dates, coupon rates, and par values.
CHAPTER 7 INTEREST RATES AND BOND VALUATIONBOND CALCULATOR. Face Value Field - The Face Value or Principal of the bond is displayed or entered in this field. For a Semiannual Coupon Bond,.
How Is the Coupon Rate of a Bond Calculated? - QuoraA corporate bond calculator is a very important tool to calculate the value of corporate bonds.
Bonds Calculate Coupon Rate - Duration: 2:52. Value a Bond and Calculate Yield to Maturity (YTM) - Duration: 16:12.Excel Training - Calculate the Interest or Coupon Payment and Coupon Rate of a Bond.The higher the coupon rate, the less the value of the bond will change.
Bond Excel | Bonds (Finance) | Coupon (Bond)
The online Bond Yield to Maturity Calculator is used to calculate the bond yield to maturity.
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Dots and boxes is an easy fun game to play, it was played before using pencil and paper that how the french mathematician described it. this game is known by many other names like boxes, squares, dot to dot grid, pipopipette, Dots game.
Dots and boxes game can be played by 2 players or more, it starts with an empty grid of dots, players take turns joining 2 dots to form a line vertically or horizontally the player that completes the fourth side of the box earns the box as a point, the game ends when all lines are drawn and boxes are claimed by players. the winner is the player that has more boxes.
The most useful way to win the game is to offer the opponent a short chain of boxes, and by doing that you leave no chance for the opponent but to create a long chain for you.
Game trademarks and copyrights are properties of their respective owners


Many approaches have been designed by various experts for gauging general intelligence of a person. Aptitude ability is calculated on various aspects, they can be numeric reasoning, verbal and visual reasoning. Number sequence reasoning is a vital parameter which assesses individuals on the basis of logical reasoning.
Skill Enhancing Tips
In most of the numeric reasoning tests, a numeric series is given and one has to either complete the series or find out any missing number.
There are varied forms of numeric series but most of them have standard rules that are required to be followed. Numeric series reasoning is the ability which can be developed very easily and quickly. The one who is not very proficient in mathematics can also develop this skill without any difficulty. Some essential tips for fast number sequence reasoning are mentioned below:
• One is advised to use scrap paper instead of mind calculations to make reasoning fast, precise and efficient.
• Observe the series carefully; whether it is increasing or decreasing, only then proceed further.
• Judge every member of the sequence carefully as the series may be a combination of two independent series.
• Do not shirk away from using hit and trial method; this is the most efficient approach for numerical reasoning.
• Use of calculator should be avoided as they may increase the number of questions solved but decreases the overall efficiency.
• It is better to memorize multiples of basic numbers like 1 to 15 or 1 to 20. It will help in making calculations faster.
• One must practice basic mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, division and multiplication.
• Interpretations of pie charts, graphical representations, bar graph should be practiced as they are easy to interpret and less time consuming.
• Instead of focusing on quantity, one must ensure quality.
• It is better to enhance unit conversion skills.
• Some questions are inter-related and grouped which need to be talked carefully.
• Do not solve the questions haphazardly.
• Do understand the format of the test, as sometimes they are tricky and complex.
Nothing is sufficient when it comes to mathematical practice. There are abundant sources to enhance essential skills. Many expert test designers avail online test series to make interpretation of number sequence easy. It is good to follow online tutorial for step by step preparations. Apart from these options, one can even take the services of a professional tutor to ensure better understanding of various mathematical concepts. One can also go for recommended guides available in the bookstores which have solved and unsolved questionnaires for practice purposes.
What is the need for enhancing numeric ability? Everybody wants best for their organization, whether it is educational or business organization. One has to face an intellectual ability test at several stages. People, who want to boost their mental ability, need to invest some time in number sequence reasoning. One can get desired results only after covering all aspects of the examination.
Number sequence analysis is not only an enjoyable game but also a useful mind-churning exercise that can act as an effective tool to measure one’s intellectual level.


By John H. Conway
World-famous mathematician John H. Conway established this vintage textual content on a 1966 direction he taught at Cambridge college. aimed toward graduate scholars of arithmetic, it's going to additionally end up a worthwhile advisor to researchers mathematicians.
His subject matters hide Moore's conception of experiments, Kleene's concept of standard occasions and expressions, Kleene algebras, the differential calculus of occasions, elements and the issue matrix, and the speculation of operators. extra topics contain occasion periods and operator sessions, a few regulator algebras, context-free languages, communicative average algebra, axiomatic questions, the power of classical axioms, and logical difficulties. whole recommendations to difficulties look on the finish.


By MARILYN SADLER
Charlie Piechart’s second math mystery takes place at school—when a purple, sparkly cone-shaped princess hat goes missing! Margot needs her hat in time for the school play (today!), so Charlie and his dog companion, Watson, are on the case—finding evidence of sparkles and purple paint and keeping on the lookout for geometric clues that might lead to the missing hat.
Fantastic colors, clever characters, and beginning concepts in geometry will go down easy as pie, while activities at the end of the book will reinforce the shapes and the story. Dynamic duo Eric Comstock and Marilyn Sadler bring the right level of energy and entertainment for this engaged picture book audience.
- Item Weight: 14.9 ounces
- Hardcover: 40 pages
- ISBN-13: 9780062370563
- Dimensions: 0.7 x 9 x 10.1 inches
- Publisher: HarperCollins; Illustrated edition (October 4, 2016)
- Language: English


Infants and animals are able to understand approximate quantities of different types, in terms of relative proportions of the numbers of different sets of objects, provided the difference in numbers is large. This is represented by approximate number systems (ANS) in a rough way.
On the other hand, humans who have learned numbering can represent numbers by means of exact representations in the form of integers. Now a new study published in the journal Developmental Science shows that tiny tots less than 2 years old can actually relate counted quantities to approximate numbers. These toddlers expect a one-to-one correspondence with the counted total, when the counted objects are first hidden and then some removed.
Integers are capable of showing small differences between the numbers of objects in different sets, but require that the individual learn to count numbers by name. Children were thought to begin this process, called linguistic counting, by around 2.5 years – reciting numbers up to 3. Over the next six months they learn the meaning of the number ‘one’, the same period for the number ‘two’, and then ‘three’ over another six months. Thus by about age 4 they realize that the numbers mean an exact count and that the last number counted is the cardinality of (or number of items in) that set.
However, there is a link between inexact and exact representations of numbers, as shown by the verbal estimates of the number of things in an unspecified array. In doing so, the individual is using an exact representation to describe an inexact number. In Western cultures, the earliest links between these two systems begins in the second year, with children being aware when counting is not done correctly, as by skipping around or by not following the right order. However, they are able to connect and use individual number terms to describe uncounted sets of objects only by age 4.
In the present paper, the researchers explored the idea that until this age infants have a partial idea that a number word means something to do with the count or quantity of a set of objects, though not the exact meaning. They used a search task to find out if infants 14-20 month old would be able to assess if objects hidden in a box had all been removed or any left behind, by assessing their search activity. Devising 5 separate experiments, they found that counting does help infants to represent an approximate array of objects numerically.
Prior research showed that infants 12-22 months looked for the remaining objects if 2 or less out of an array of up to 3 objects were removed in their sight. That is, they recognized that one or more was still hidden, depending on the quantity removed. On the other hand, with more than 3 objects, they were unable to assess the quantity removed; even if only 2 out of 4 objects were removed, they did not search the box for the remaining objects. In other words, they were using precise representations of individual objects, which is why they cannot go beyond 3, the limit of their working memory, in preference to imprecise approximations of number representations which can go to any upper limit.
The present study aimed to answer if counting objects before hiding them in the box would help infants switch to approximate number representations that can go beyond working memory limits. The researchers used a black box about 1.1 feet long, with a covered slit through which the babies could reach inside without seeing whether or how many objects were hidden in the box.
There were 4 of two different kinds of objects. In contrast to the earlier research, when 4 similar objects were counted before being hidden in the box, when the experimenter removed 2, the babies remembered more hidden objects and continued to search longer for the rest. They did not appear to remember exactly how many objects were counted, but used an approximate idea. This was not seen when 4 objects were hidden without counting first. This means that infants used the counting done by the experimenter to assess whether the ‘right’ quantity of objects had been removed.
To confirm the role of the ANS rather than of individual object counting in this increased ability to understand the difference in arrays of 4 objects when they were counted before being hidden, the experiment was carried out with either 2 or 3 of the 4 hidden objects being retrieved before measuring the period of searching. Babies searched longer when 2 were removed but not after 3, indicating they cannot differentiate between 3 and 4 by ANS – both are represented as equivalent in the babies’ minds. This indicates that ANS rather than integer counting is at work.
Experiment 3 tried to confirm this by using a larger number in each array, namely, 6 objects, which is well beyond the capacity of the working memory but can be represented by the ANS. In the first case, the babies should react to 6 as to 4, and in either case they should not search longer for hidden objects after 3 are removed. In the second case, they can distinguish between 4 and 6 in terms of ratio and thus should look longer for the remaining hidden objects if counting is first performed before removing 3 objects. The second case was shown to be true in this part of the experiment. Unlike experiment 2, in the case of the objects counted before being hidden, babies searched longer when 3 out of 6 objects were removed, but not when 3 of 4 were retrieved.
To confirm the role of the ANS and not working memory, the experimenters then looked at younger infants of 14 months, a group in which 6 hidden objects have never been represented successfully. Astonishingly, these young infants also searched longer after hearing 6 objects counted before being hidden in the box followed by removal of 3 or 4 of the objects. They were able to represent the approximate number of objects even without being able to count them, to a level (6) which cannot be explained by working memory.
A final experiment used proper names rather than count names, to rule out the possibility that the babies might be differentiating and thus remembering the objects by means of the count names rather than by a rough numerical approximation. However, this showed that searching was longer only when 1 object remained out of 2 hidden objects, but not when 2 remained out of 4. Thus a labeling effect was not a contributor to the successful approximation of the number of objects seen after counting in the earlier experiments.
This study therefore shows the earliest link ever observed between ANS and integer counting. Researcher Jenny Wang says, “When we counted the toys for the babies before we hid them, the babies were much better at remembering how many toys there were.” Thus when an infant between 1 and 2 years observes objects being counted, this may attract the attention to the concept of numeric measurement, or the use of numbers to represent the quantity of objects. This can occur a long time before the meaning of count words themselves is understood.
The ability to notice that counting refers to the number rather than the names of objects might be due to early experience of observing counting by others. Counting may thus help in the development of number representations in infants at an earlier stage than ever thought before. And count names are not confused with proper names or labels. Thus even young infants have an advanced understanding of what the world around them is like, and what the various words people use around them actually mean. Later research may show how this is associated with later number skills.
Wang, J. J., Feigenson, L. Infants recognize counting as numerically relevant. Dev Sci. 2019; 22:e12805. https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12805, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/desc.12805


includes calculus, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, number theory, differential equations, computations, algorithms, modern analysis, statistics, chemical engineering, bioengineering, biomedical engineering, industrial engineering, mechanical engineering, finance, microeconomics, macroeconomics, chemistry, physics, biochemistry, biophysics, civil engineering, electrical engineering.
Middle Level grades 5-9 license
Secondary (7-12) and Specialty (Pre K-12) license
Beginning teachers adding the endorsement to an initial license must satisfy the requirements for the license which include 24-36 semester hours in mathematics and pass the Content Knowledge Assessment (CKA) in Mathematics.
Teachers seeking to add the endorsement to an existing NM teaching license of any level can either:
- Pass the CKA in Mathematics; predecessor or comparable exam; or
Earn 24-36 semester hours of credit in mathematics (12 of the hours must be upper division credit if adding the endorsement to a secondary or pre k-12 specialty license); or
Be certified by the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards in mathematics.


Arithmophobia, math anxiety, math phobia–call it what you will but MSNBC estimates that 1 in 2 Americans experience the fear of mathematics. If you look at a math problem, get sweaty palms, and have the urge to give up almost immediately, then you probably have this phobia. Experts attribute this fear of mathematics to be perpetuated by math avoidance, misconceptions, and poor performance. This math avoidance encourages, not prevents future anxiety just as an actress with stage fright would not get better by avoiding acting roles.
Managing math anxiety starts with clearing up misconceptions regarding math.
Myth #1: Math is only used by mathematicians and elite scientists.
Painters use geometry to balance shapes and vantage points. The sales associate puts together metrics to measure performance, and figures out how many calls to make, the average order value, and more to determine their success. The cook measures the precise amount of flour, yeast, baking soda, salt, and other agents to give the proper leaven for the bread to rise and cuts the recipe in half if feeding fewer people. Math is used every day, and when learned, it can prevent big headaches rather than cause them.
Myth #2: Math is an innate trait.
Math is learned just as walking is. Some learn faster than others, but hard work determines mathematical ability more than genetics. The talented pianist is not born to play piano, but must spend hours practicing technique and rhythm, just as a math problem must be worked through in various forms for the brain to understand and apply the concept.
Myth #3: Math takes too long.
This myth is partially true, but when looked at, seems to be more of a problem of math not being relevant. Math is a universal language spoken in various mobile devices, computers, cars, televisions, iPods, and more. When math is understood it can be enabling and build confidence that spills over to other subjects.
If these myths are not tackled then math will be feared, avoided, and more feared creating a perpetual, negative spiral.


DK-Lab research focuses mostly on network theory. Specific topics include network geometry, random (geometric) graphs, causal sets, navigation in networks, and fundamentals of network dynamics.Learn more
DK-Lab research deals mostly with theory and fundamentals of complex networks. Research topics of particular interest to the lab are latent network geometry, maximum-entropy random graph ensembles and random geometric graphs, causal sets, navigation in networks, and fundamentals of network dynamics. While research in the lab mainly focuses on theoretical aspects of network science, these theoretical results are often applied to real-world network data to gain new knowledge and insights about the data.
Highlights of recent DK-Lab research with application flavor include:


Shop by Generator KW
Not all generators are made equal, and not all businesses use the same amount of energy. At Turnkey Industries, we understand this, so we’ll help you shop by generator kW to find the equipment that best suits your needs. Unfortunately, finding how much power you need can be tricky. Your energy bill doesn’t state the number of kilowatts you use, so you’ll need to do some power calculations yourself. If you’re wondering how to find kWh, you’ll need to break out your calculator and divide your total power consumption by the hours you operate. Similarly, if you want to know how to find kWh cost, you’ll take your power bill and divide it by the power consumption. These numbers can help you find the generator kilowatts you’ll need, and Turnkey Industries helps you shop by generator kW to get the right generator for you!


Adding up to fun learning
New Tech @ Ruston students were charged — by a little animated talking cat — to make learning math grade level expectations a fun experience. Students presented their projects to classmates, parents and community members on Friday.
The cat, designed by their teacher Daryl Savage, told students they were to create children’s stories that teach several math concepts related to probability, patterns, trends and central tendencies. Students then combined those math skills with audio/visual techniques. Savage said the projects also required a great deal of critical thinking, because students had to find or come up with stories that demonstrate the concepts.
Some students used popular stories like “Cinderella,” “Goldilocks and the Three Bears” or “Hansel and Gretel,” while others came up with their own stories.


Somewhere between grade school, where math was Uriel Clark’s favorite subject, and his senior year at Rowan University, there came a moment when he made the connection that math can save lives.
An engineering student and recipient of a scholarship funded by Armand Corporation, Uriel is contributing to an analysis and modeling system to better predict the impact of storms at the New Jersey shore. The project has pointed him toward the field of disaster recovery, a career that offers a special level of job satisfaction when your work prepares communities and regions to brace for a storm.
“You can see when the storm will strike, and the weak areas and strong areas where it will impact,” he said at a recent visit to Armand’s New Jersey office. “You can help people in those areas be more prepared with their insurance, with the right supplies, knowing when to evacuate.”
A high school teacher pointed out that engineering is a great field for a math whiz. It was his mom who saw the connection between an aptitude for math and Rowan’s reputation as a top engineering school, and she encouraged her son to apply.
Uriel is one of six children and in May he will become a first-generation college graduate. As he moved through the program, his professors at the Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering at Rowan University in Glassboro, NJ, saw something special.
“We have engineering clinics junior and senior year, working under a professor,” Uriel explained. “We were doing analysis on bridges and what would happen during hurricanes. After a semester of that, I learned that it was part of a larger project and a professor asked if I’d be interested in joining.”


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If you are interested in having your school become apart of our program, please contact Kendra Randall at firstname.lastname@example.org


The second in our series of number rhymes for young children to help them recognise numbers and count up to 5 and from 5 back down to zero. There is plenty that can be done with number rhymes such as this, children like to learn them off by heart, starting just by saying “Quack, quack, quack” and quickly remembering more of the verses. They can be incorporated into games: bath time with rubber ducks.
Five little ducks went out one day,
Into the woods and far away.
Mother duck said, “Quack, quack, quack,”
But only four little ducks came back.
etc. Click on link below to view and print the number rhyme and further activities.


Normal triangulation of a location is taken from 3 points of measurement determining a specific location from the distance measure from the 3 point on a 2D plain.
Quadrulation (Pyramidulation) of a location is to determine a 3D locations by adding an extra point higher up on the Z axis.
The forth point of measurement can be used just like triangulation between all points to find the central location on the X, Y and Z plain.
In normal triangulation three distances from three location can be mapped easily on pen and paper, because it is 2D plain. When you add a forth dimension in a higher axis on the Z plain, you are able to measure in a 3D area based on the distance of 4 locations.


20 August, 2012
Weak Nullstellensatz says, that for an algebraically closed field each maximal ideal in has form , for , i.e. , the ideal of an one-element subset of . Its proof in this generality needs quite a bit of commutative algebra. However, if we futher assume that is uncountable (thus covering a very important case ) we can give a much quicker proof.
Theorem 1 Let be an uncountable algebraically closed field, e.g. , and a proper maximal ideal in . Then there exists such that .
Proof: The first step is to show that . To see this, we will show that every is algebraic, i.e. a root a nonzero polynomial . Note that the dimension of as a vectorspace over is at most countable, as is generated by the images of the monomials under the ring homomorphism , and the exponents form a countable set. Thus for the set
is linearly dependent, i.e. there exist such that Thus
where and . As is algebraically closed, we have that is linear, i.e. .
Next, we observe that maps to , and set , for . As , we see that , for . By maximality of , we obtain , as claimed.
Here one can find reduction of the general case (not assuming non-countability of ) to this one.
28 May, 2012
One cannot always triangulate a non-convex polyhedron using only its vertices, sometimes one need to add more of them. A simple example of this phenomenon is Schonhardt polyhedron. Here is a picture illustrating how one builds it that I drew for a forthcoming paper, using Tikz LaTeX package, which is awesome, but totally overwhelming.
It fact, it’s easy to see that the 6 vertices and 12 edges it has are not enough. Indeed, each pair of non-intersecting edges determines a simplex, but it’s easy to observe that any such selection will include one the forbidden pairs of vertices AC, A’B, or B’C’. (The LaTeX source of the picture is here).
The paper I mention is related to a topic of the program on inverse moment problems at IMS (NUS/Singapore) in late 2013-early 2014 which I co-organize.
19 March, 2012
Sage (not the accounting software, but sagemath.org) is accepted to Google Summer of Code 2012, and I will be one of many mentors.
7 August, 2011
We are to embark upon teaching a 2nd year undergraduate course Experimental Mathematics, which will cover computer algebra basics, and refresh concepts from 1st year linear algebra, calculus, and combinatoris, with few more advanced things thrown in. The course will be based on Sage, with the actual software running on dedicated servers, and accessible via Sage web notebook interface (i.e. basically nothing but a web browser running on the student’s computer/laptop/ipad, etc).
Given the enrollment of about 120, this will be interesting…
PS. Most students did not appreciate the freedom given, and complained, complained, complained…
13 March, 2011
I was very glad today to receive an email from Akihiro Munemasa (from Tohoku university at Sendai), my long-term collaborator and friend. He says he’s OK, but has no electricity/water/gas…
And, as we see, they have internet, at least some kind of service (email went via me.com, a web-mail service run by Apple).
Well, I can only wish a lot of strength to Akihiro, and all the people affected by this disaster!
PS: today (14th March) he also sent me photos of his office:
2 January, 2011
While it might be snowing on this page, Edith picked up a mango fallen from a tree outside our block of flats this afternoon…
The stats helper monkeys at WordPress.com mulled over how this blog did in 2010, and here’s a high level summary of its overall blog health:
The Blog-Health-o-Meter™ reads Fresher than ever.
A helper monkey made this abstract painting, inspired by your stats.
A Boeing 747-400 passenger jet can hold 416 passengers. This blog was viewed about 5,700 times in 2010. That’s about 14 full 747s.
In 2010, there were 6 new posts, growing the total archive of this blog to 33 posts. There were 5 pictures uploaded, taking up a total of 28kb.
The busiest day of the year was May 11th with 79 views. The most popular post that day was Is C++ the worst 1st programming language for maths majors?.
Where did they come from?
The top referring sites in 2010 were terrytao.wordpress.com, cameroncounts.wordpress.com, debian-news.net, edventure.ntu.edu.sg, and symomega.wordpress.com.
Some visitors came searching, mostly for funny pictures, funny, confused cat, total unimodularity, and funny pics.
Attractions in 2010
These are the posts and pages that got the most views in 2010.
Is C++ the worst 1st programming language for maths majors? May 2010
Total unimodularity and networks October 2009
Cosets and normal subgroups March 2009
Bipartite matchings via linear programming September 2009
Bellman-Ford algorithm for shortest paths and potentials September 2009


Franziska Michor is the winner of the 2015 Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Biomedical Science. Vilcek Prizes are given to “immigrants who have made lasting contributions to American society through their extraordinary achievements in biomedical research and the arts and humanities.”
Franziska grew up in Vienna, Austria. Her father, a mathematician, inspired her interest in math and science. Her mother, a nurse, instilled in her the desire to pursue a career devoted to human betterment.
Franziska is a professor at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts, where she leads a National Cancer Institute-sponsored Physical Science-Oncology Center aimed at using physical sciences to address intractable challenges in cancer biology. Her mathematical modeling efforts have deftly unraveled the dynamics of cancer cell evolution.
Visit Franziska at: http://michorlab.dfci.harvard.edu/index.php/people/franziska-michor


|(60669)||Georgpick = 2000 GE4|
Discovered 2000 April 7 by M. Tichý at Kleť.
|Georg Alexander Pick (1859–1942), Austrian mathematician who worked in Prague, is best known for his theorem for determining the area of lattice polygons. In 1911 he invited Albert Einstein to Prague and introduced him to the field of absolute differential calculus, which later helped Einstein to formulate general relativity.|
|(MPC 103970 | 2017 March 12)|


Applied mathematics applied mathematics can be termed as that part of the mathematics, which is applied in the study of applied mathematics, if any problem. Applied mathematics practices is a leading provider of curriculum based on real world decision contexts we deliver world-class curriculum and development. Applied math lesson plans addition math trail input output rules and functions - students will use story problems to solve for missing numbers and rules. And contact details department of mathematics and applied mathematics and applications of systems the online version of journal of computational and applied. Math computation part 1 time : 15 minutes this is a practice test - the results are not valid for certificate requirements a calculator may not be used for this test. Lists of unsolved problems in mathematics over the course of time, several lists of unsolved mathematical problems have appeared.
Thinking of a career in applied mathematics a career in applied mathematics isn't just about crunching numbers it's a career that uses mathematics to solve problems. Math problem solving is a resource for students who must be able to correctly interpret math graphics in order to correctly answer many applied math problems. Free applied mathematics online practice tests mathematics, applied mathematics problem solving, quant.
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The Rich Have Gained $5.6 Trillion in the 'Recovery,' While the Rest of Us Have Lost $669 Billion | Alternet
"From 2009 to 2011, the richest 8 million families (the top 7%) on average saw their wealth rise from $1.7 million to $2.5 million each. Meanwhile the rest of us -- the bottom 93% (that's 111 million families) -- suffered on average a decline of $6,000 each.
Do the math and you'll discover that the top 7% gained a whopping $5.6 trillion in net worth (assets minus liabilities) while the rest of lost $669 billion. Their wealth went up by 28% while ours went down by 4 percent."


This week's Year 3 Home Learning
Summer 2 Week 2 - This week Y3 has been practising using direct speech punctuation.
Example: Edi said, “I want to go on a school trip to Iffley Fields.”
Now you try:
1. Rehan questioned what can I do to help
2. Theia shouted we need to act now
3. Ben said I think Luna deserves to stay where she lives
4. Carlotta exclaimed this is atrocious
5. Karam asked can we go on a school trip to Iffley Fields
Summer 2 Week 1:
This week we’ve been practising telling time.
Previous Home Learning
This week, we’ve been practising adding fractions with the same denominators.
This week, we’ve been practising adding the ly suffix to root words.
Here are the four rules. Practise adding the ly suffix to the words given.
Summer 1 Week 3
This week, we’ve been learning about equivalent fractions.
Use this link to remind you, then try the quiz at the bottom.
Then try these challenges:
You can download a fraction wall to help here .
This week we have been practising the art of persuasion.
Choose whether it would be better to be invisible or to be able to fly. Then, use the words and phrases below, like you did at school, to persuade someone at home of your choice.
Maybe you can use them to persuade them of something else too!
Hello Year 3.
Sing the song to practise your four times table.
Now, draw some arrays or equal groups or word problems to represent these number sentences.
2 x 4 = 8
3 x 4 = 12
4 x 4 = 16
5 x 4 = 20
Hello Year 3,
Watch this video about how to solve multiplication and division word problems. BrainPOP Jr. - Solving Word Problems
Now try these problems.
The milkman has 15 bottles of milk. He delivers to 5 houses. How many bottles of milk does each house get?
2. Jamie and Dylan are hungry. There are 12 sausages in a pan. How many sausages will each boy get?
3. Eloise, Ben and Beth each want a pack of colouring pencils. Each pack has 5 pencils in. How many pencils will there be altogether?
4. Each table in the class needs 3 rubbers. There are 6 tables. How many rubbers do the class need altogether?
5. There are 7 bags holding 2 balls each and 5 bean bags each. How many balls and bean bags are there altogether?
Hello Year 3,
Watch this video to practise Skip Counting by 3s
Count by 3 | Skip Count by 3 | Skip Counting | Skip Counting Song | Jack Hartmann
Draw some arrays or equal groups to figure out these missing number questions.
3 x ? = 9
2 x 3 = ?
3 x ? = 15
3 x ? = 27
3 x ? = 33
? x 3 = ?4
Bonus! This week in Science Year 3 learned all about how light travels in straight lines and what reflection means. Take a look at this BBC Bitesize page about reflection https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zbssgk7/articles/zqdxb82
We tried the experiment below in class and it was really fun! Maybe you could recreate it at home. You will need a torch, 3 mirrors, a book and an object to be your target.
Watch these videos to remind yourself how to subtract using Base-10.
Then try the subtractions below.
You can draw your base 10 or use some objects you can find around the house e.g. pencils for tens and beads for ones.
Year 3 Subtraction Questions
23 - 15 =
46 - 28 =
51 - 35 =
63 - 49 =


Stylometry and Collaborative Authorship: Eddy, Lovecaft, and "The Loved Dead" w/ A. Gladwin and M. Lavin, Digital Scholarship in the Humanitiess July (2015)
Checkerboard Julia Sets for Rational Maps w/ P. Blanchard, F. Cilingir, D. Cuzzocreo, R.L. Devaney, E. Russell, The International Journal of Bifurcations and Chaos 23, No. 2 (2013)
Statistics in the Hyborian Age: An Introduction to Stylometry, chapter in Conan meets the Academy: Multidisciplinary Essays on the Enduring Barbarian, McFarland Press (2012) Here is a short interview regarding this paper.
Classifying Simple Closed Curve Pairs in the 2-Sphere and a Generalization of the Schoenflies Theorem w/ R. Franzosa and I. Gotchev, Topology and its Applications, 158 (2011) 748-760
Sierpinski carpets as Julia sets for Imaginary 3-Circle Inversions Journal of Difference Equations and Applications Vol. 16, Issue 5,6 (2010), 705 - 713
The Dynamics of Two and Three Circle Inversion, Fundamenta Mathematicae 199 (2008), 227-247
Singular Pertubations of z^n w/ R. L. Devaney, M. Holzer, M. Moreno Rocha, and D. Uminsky, Transcendental Dynamics and Complex Analysis, London Math Society Lecture Notes Series, Vol. 348, Cambridge University Press, eds. P. Rippon and G. Stallard, (2008) 111-137
Sierpinski Carpets and Gaskets as Julia Sets of Rational Maps w/ P. Blanchard, R. L. Devaney, M. Moreno Rocha, P. Seal, S. Siegmund, and D. Uminsky, Dynamics on the Riemann Sphere: A Bodil Branner Festschrift. Eds. P. Horth and C. Peterson. European Mathematical Society, (2006), 97-119
A Criterion for Sierpinski Curve Julia Sets w/ R. L. Devaney, Topology Proceedings 30 No. 1 (2006), 1-17
Locally Sierpinski Julia Sets of Weierstrauss Elliptic p-Functions w/ J. Hawkins, International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 16, No. 5 (2006) 1505-1520
Sierpinski Curve Julia Sets and Singular Perturbations of Complex Polynomials w/ P. Blanchard, R. L. Devaney, P. Seal, and Y. Shapiro, Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 25 (2005), 1047-1055
Symbolic Dynamics for a Sierpinski Curve Julia Sets w/ R. L. Devaney, Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 11 (2005), 581-596
Buried Sierpinski Curve Julia Sets w/ R. L. Devaney, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 13 (2005), 1035-1046.
The Escape Trichotomy for Singularly Perturbed Rational Maps w/ R. L. Devaney and D. Uminsky, Indiana University Mathematics Journal 54 (2005), 1621-1634
Perturbations of Complex Polynomials and Circle Inversion Maps Boston University Doctoral Disertation (Unpublished)