Meeting Days & Times: W/Th, 6:00 - 8:00PM
Location: SEC 3116
Instructors: Kathy Stewart & Cynthia O'Donnell
Mathematics Solve simple math equations by working on quantitative and algebraic problems. Learn to read tables, graphs, and charts in order to perform calculations and interpret data. Learn properties of numbers, functions and recognize basic expressions, equations, and inequalities.
Science You will learn how to recognize graph’s features, understand the scientific method, and evaluate models in order to form hypotheses, predictions, and conclusions based on data studied in life, physical, earth and space science.
REQUIRED BOOK (available online)
Victory for the GED, HiSET, and TASC Tests 7th Edition
Published by: Cambridge Education Services


Two, 4, 6, 8 … What comes next?
Once you recognize this as a sequence of even numbers, counted by twos, then you know that the numbers 10 and 12 come next.
Two, 3, 5, 7, 11 … What comes next?
This sequence of prime numbers (numbers divisible only by themselves and 1) continues with 13 and 17.
There is elegance in number sequences. Patterns discovered reveal a logical underpinning to the world in which we live. As a former physics major (who spent two-thirds of my college years deeply ensconced in the intricacies of the laws of our universe), I am energized by the patterns that define our world.
British philosopher-mathematician Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) expressed it this way:
“Mathematics, rightly viewed, possesses not only truth, but supreme beauty — a beauty cold and austere … yet sublimely pure, and capable of a stern perfection such as only the greatest art can show.”
Even Torah contains mathematics that illumine the beauty of the existence in which we live. While the numbers within Torah may not unlock hidden biblical codes that prophesy the future, they do reveal the elegance that is God’s Creation.
So when a discerning bar mitzvah student pointed out that his Torah portion, Naso, contained two amazing numerical sequences, I was fascinated.
Parashat Naso contains Birkat Kohanim, the Priestly Benediction, a blessing first recited by the Israelite priests on God’s instruction as they blessed the people. It has maintained a central place in Jewish prayer, being recited in the ancient Jerusalem Temples, during Shabbat morning services, in Jewish homes on Friday night and at almost every Jewish life-cycle ceremony.
Birkat Kohanim is a simple yet complex three-line prayer:
Yivarechecha Adonai v’yishm’recha.
Ya’er Adonai panav elecha veechuneka.
Yeesa Adonai panav elecha v’yasem l’cha shalom.
May Adonai bless you and watch over you. May God’s countenance shine upon you and be gracious unto you. May God’s countenance be lifted up to you, and grant you peace.
Three lines of Hebrew, 15 words and 60 letters in total. Look closely and beautiful patterns emerge.
Count the Hebrew words in each line: 3, 5 … What comes next?
The number 7, completing two patterns — odd numbers counted by twos, and the next prime number. Both answers capture sophisticated arithmetic construction.
Different rabbis tried to assign meaning to this pattern. The Spanish rabbi Bachya taught that this pattern reminds us of the foundation for all blessings: the three patriarchs, the five books of the Torah and the seven heavens of mystical meaning. To him, our ancestry, our sacred book and our spiritual universe are all aligned in each moment of blessing.
Count the letters in each line: 15, 20… What comes next?
The number 25, the next when counting by fives. What a wonderful progression in our modern decimal system — 15, 20, 25. Or, if you add the number of letters together, you get 60, recognized by Italian biblical scholar Moshe David Cassuto (1883-1951) as the basis of the ancient Babylonian sexagesimal (base 60) system.
And it gets better.
Next week, at the inauguration of the mishkan (the movable wilderness sanctuary), each tribal head brings identical sets of sacrifices. The greatest offerings, in quantity and, apparently, in prominence, were the korbanot shelamim (peace offerings). Each leader brings 15 animals: five each of rams, goats and sheep. Together, 12 tribes brought 60 of each animal.
The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabba 14:18) connects these offerings with Birkat Kohanim. Birkat Kohanim — containing 60 letters — concludes with the hope for peace (shalom), while the peace offerings (shelamim) contains 60 gifts to the Divine. Montreal scholar Shai Peretz notes:
“Given the strong correspondence between the two adjacent Torah sections, the question is of the chicken and the egg. Which element impacts on the other? Do our offerings to God yield blessings, or do God’s blessings lead us to make offerings to God?”
These fascinating questions hint at a deeper reality. As my bar mitzvah student Quinn Chambers suggested,
“It is interesting to find these patterns in the Torah, since Torah is filled with so many laws and religious ideas. Perhaps these mathematical patterns show that the Torah is not just a bunch of pretty ideas, but rather that it is also connected to the laws like mathematics and logic that govern life.”
Once you recognize these patterns in the text, it becomes more difficult to consider math/science and religion to be completely separate arenas of existence.
May the mathematical beauty of Birkat Kohanim open your eyes to the religious elegance in our world.


Golamali Ahmady, Neda Nakhostin-Ruhi
Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
Key words: Teaching, Whole-class discussion, Mathematical reasoning, Open-ended problems.
Our purpose of conducting this research is to study the impact of promoting whole-class discussions among students on their mathematical reasoning abilities. In this manuscript, we report an experiment within teaching through whole-class discussions by using open-ended problems in classroom provided an efficient tool for improving students’ reasoning abilities. A school was randomly selected among high schools and two classes were randomly selected among grade 8th classes of this school. These classes were assigned into one of two teaching methods: whole-class discussion (the experimental group, 27 students) and traditional instruction (the control group, 30 students). Students in both groups were instructed same topics and learning (materials formal booklet of 8th grade) by the same experienced teacher. Analysis of covariance showed a significant interactive and positive effect of experimental method on improving students reasoning abilities.
Get the original articles: http://www.innspub.net/volume-6-number-3-march-2015-jbes/


The Ultimate Solution for Engineering Mathematics You Can Find Out About Today
Vital Pieces of Engineering Mathematics
Be aware that in instances of a tie, the cheaper program received the greater ranking. You also delight in solving problems and making up creative solutions to hard issues. One of the major objectives of financial maths is to learn how to construct the ideal investment strategies that minimises risks in the true world.
The programmes often incorporate a on-line training system and tools to create a digital classroom. UWE Bristol welcomes interest http://184.108.40.206/index.php/2019/10/09/the-insider-secrets-of-what-does-parallel-mean-in-math/ from applicants who might not have the typical entry requirements. Self-paced and live courses are offered in a wide selection of topics that institutions have chosen to share with the general public.
This website will give you with an introduction to our degrees and the way you may take part in our programs. In some universities, a web-based Master of Arts in Mathematics program is designed for students that are licensed secondary teachers and find extra credentials. Certificate programs are made for students and professionals looking for extra education in a particular concentration.
The http://220.127.116.11/index.php/2019/10/09/the-insider-secrets-of-what-does-parallel-mean-in-math/ Battle Over Engineering Mathematics and How to Win It
Do not be worried if the STEP questions seem very tough. Structural analysis is just one of the most important elements in Building Structural Engineering.
My preferred subject throughout my studies in school was mathematics that’s a powerful and very intriguing path of study. The math department also provides a minor in mathematics. Competency in using the calculator is going to be assumed in all subsequent EET courses.
What the In-Crowd Won’t Tell You About Engineering Mathematics
This course examines the implications of international location and topography for those folks of planet Earth. They will gain field-based knowledge of mountain climates and instrumentation. Contemporary medicine can replace a number of the overall body’s functions throughout the use of artificial organs and can significantly alter the purpose of the body through artificial devices such as, for instance, https://royalessays.co.uk brain implants and pacemakers.
They stress that departments ought to pay attention to the student experience along with faculty diversity to boost recruitment and retention of women. The counselors were quite friendly and professional. Engineers take on the duty of producing designs that will perform as well as expected and won’t cause unintended harm to the general public at large.
Thales recognises the advantages of a diverse workforce and the financial need to boost the range of engineers across the United Kingdom. In 1990, with the development of computer technology, the very first search engine was constructed by computer engineer Alan Emtage.
Engineering Mathematics Explained
Solve related simple numerical issues which will enable them to understand the subject. In these two lectures you’ll learn their practical usage, complex number arithmetic, graphical representations and the way to rate a set. Whichever topic it’s, specifying will allow you to find math tutors that are qualified.
This shows how pure mathematics and applied mathematics relate to one another and all the sub-topics they are created from. Even mathematicians themselves cannot reliably understand how useful their work will prove to be. It doesn’t mean that the predicament is not hard to fix.
But What About Engineering Mathematics?
Courses in electrical engineering can result in advancement and employment opportunities in a variety of fields. Software Engineering is a very complicated and technical industry that is continually evolving due to technological advances. When thinking about popular varieties of engineering, aerospace engineering usually springs to mind.
Certificates could supply a boost for those who have a bachelors degree and would like to refine skills or learn new techniques. Solve all the mock papers that are specially created for GATE. These courses might be focused on a specific area of study, like biostatistics or environmental applications.
Because computer science is a broad field, courses necessary to make a bachelor of computer science degree vary. At the same time, it can lead to opportunities in fields such as science and computer programming. Based on the engineering track, students explore a wide selection of topics.
You may be amazed at the assortment of sponsored program listings. Content is going to be determined in order to complement course offerings together with the requirements and desires of students. Today we are aware that it is indeed possible.
Though you should prepare yourself throughout the year to score well, still the previous moment preparation specially the previous one month has an imperative part inside this exam. Most certificates require 4 to 12 courses and can be finished in one or two decades. For a rather small sum, an extra 500 courses are offered at middle school through undergraduate levels.
Utilizing a homework writing website to supervise your math homework when you haven’t any idea on what things to do is probably among the best moves that can be made. Whether you are concerned about succeeding in your mathematics classes or simply wish to improve your understanding, there’s a location for you in our math learning communities. Your mathematics assignments are intended to sharpen your comprehension of the subject and make it simpler for you to address problems once the need arises.
Based on your major there are additional minor subjects that involve math in a lot of ways. Play with the ideas you’re learning. Three letters are usually required.
October 14, 2019
October 11, 2019


Issue 2, 2008
P.A. Kucherenko and S.V. Sokolov
The solution of the problem of the
pseudo-random sequences time shift identification
on the nonlinear stochastic
Kapustiy, B.P. Rusyn and V.A. Tayanov
The features of construction of optimal
and R.O. Mastaliev
First and second order necessary optimality
conditions in control
described by a system of difference equations of Volterra, pp.24-31.
Loskutov, V.P. Obruchenkov, S.M. Sokolov and M.A. Kuksenko
An estimation algorithm of the in-
and output-open systems’ state modeled with the help of
automation during the process of the compound objects’ test, pp.32-40.
Optimum control of the elastic mode
development of the oil layer, pp.41-48.
Formation of system of the vector
linear integrated equations in problems of diffraction, pp.49-54.
Optimality condition of a nonsmooth
switching control system, pp.55-64.
Lyapunov fuzzy-controllers general
Nanotechnologies – the basis of
creation of new highly reliable elements, pp.74-77.
to journal contents


14 July 2018
29 January 2018
Abstract: How to sample discrete parameters with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and learn something about probability theory at the same time.
28 November 2017
Abstract: If you are still using a Gibbs sampler, you are working too hard for too little result. Newer, better algorithms trade random walks for frictionless flow.
9 September 2017
Abstract: The road to accurate estimation of age is paved with a biological model.
7 September 2017
Abstract: The same multilevel model can be written different ways. Algebra don’t mind. But the differences do matter to the computer.
28 August 2017
Abstract: Convenience is the mindkiller. Convenient statistical software postpones thinking and disguises assumptions.
24 August 2017
Abstract: Don’t ask why you should use a multilevel model. Ask instead, Why not?
22 August 2017
Abstract: If priors did not exist, you would have to invent them. But this is no guarantee they are easy to use.


Filed under: Class 3
This afternoon in Class 3, we saw Science on the timetable, but actually, we ended up using skills that we use in Maths and English too! We learned about liquids and solids and sorted them into a Venn Diagram. Then, we played a measuring game using a cylinder on the whiteboard and then… fun! Every table got measuring! We filled up measuring cylinders with water and poured it from one container to another – trying not to spill it! Not always successfully!
Here are some pictures showing children in class 3 reading the scales on the containers.


This is an example of the data sheet I use. I can't take credit for its design, but I honestly have no idea where I got it either. It has 9 blocks and I copy them double sided...it works out so that I have one page per quarter (if I see the student twice a week, which is the majority of my caseload). It gives me the flexibility to take numerical data, as well as anecdotal data. I've used this form for a couple of years now and its my favorite of what I have tried. You can download my data collection form HERE.
I also like to have my students get involved with their own progress monitoring...this can be extremely motivating and they love it! They can't wait to calculate their percentages at the end of our session and graph it on their chart. I let them do the calculations themselves on my giant calculator (Dollar Store find!) and they use a marker to color the graph it on the chart. This way, they know exactly where they are and where they need to be. They each keep a copy of the chart above in their speech folder. When they master their goal, I draw a huge smily face and hang it up in my room on the "Wall of Speech Stars". You can download it HERE.
So that's how I operate for data collection... for now :)


If you miss those days of writing down your math problems with a pencil and a piece of paper, you're probably going to love the MyScript Calculator 2 app (via Android Police). Unlike other calculator apps that use the number keys and some other symbols from your virtual or physical QWERTY keyboard, MyScript Calculator 2 uses your finger-written equations and instantly comes up with the answer.
You can scratch out digits if you want to change a number in the equation, draw the percentage symbol (%) to calculate a percentage, and a "?" can be used as a variable. You can ...
Thursday, February 7, 2019 - 11:49am


When playing slot machines, one must always keep in mind that the chances of winning are very low. This is due to the fact that these machines make thousands of combinations per minute, making the odds of hitting a jackpot extremely small. The biggest mistake people make while playing these machines is getting greedy and betting more money than they can afford. As a result, slot machines can turn into a stressful experience.
Probability of winning a slot machine
The probability of winning at slot machines depends on a number of factors. For instance, the more pay lines and reels a machine has, the higher the probability of winning. It is also easy to calculate how many combinations are possible on a specific machine. For instance, a three-reel machine with six symbols has 8,000 possible combinations.
If you want to win at slots, you need to calculate the probability of winning by knowing how often each symbol appears on a reel. The more reels there are, the more complex the math becomes. This is why slot machines use a random number generator to determine the outcome of each spin. This random number generator generates different numbers independently for each reel. This ensures that there is no chance of cheating by influencing the outcomes of spins.
Types of slot machines
There are several different types of slot machines. Many are simple and have one payline, while others are more complicated. In the past, the paylines on slot machines were only straight lines, but computer software has now made it possible to add zig-zag, diagonal, and other patterns. Some slot machines can have up to 50 paylines, but the most common numbers are between 15 and 25.
A few of the most common types are fruit slots and progressive jackpot slot machines. These games are simple and have limited special features. They are popular with players looking for a simple experience with minimal distractions. However, players looking for a more elaborate experience should consider choosing progressive jackpot slots. These machines are associated with life-changing multi-million-dollar wins.
Random number generators
Random number generators are used in slot machines to generate random numbers. The number generators generate billions of numbers per second, so the outcomes of your spin are truly random. This means that you can’t make predictions based on these numbers. Whether you win a jackpot or lose a bet, these results are completely random.
A slot machine’s random number generator determines which symbols will appear on the reels. This process is employed in video slots, progressive slots, and classic slots. The last numbers generated correspond to the symbols and numbers on the reels. Usually, the random number generators use a microprocessor called a Time AI to determine the values of the symbols.
High limit slots
Whether you are new to online gambling or have played high limit slots before, you can find a high-limit game to enjoy. These games have higher jackpots than normal slots, and you can win a lot just by hitting simple slot combinations. Despite the increased payoffs, the odds of hitting a jackpot are still based on luck.
High limit slots are fun and can be played for free before you play for real money. The free versions allow you to check out the payouts, learn about bonus features, and how often they trigger. Once you feel comfortable, you can switch to playing for real money. If you decide to play high limit slots for real money, it is a good idea to find a site that offers massive welcome bonuses. For instance, Wild Casino offers a 300% match up to $3,000 on your first deposit.
Common pitfalls to avoid
While playing slot machines, there are several common mistakes you should avoid. The most common of these is getting greedy and betting more money than you can afford. Playing slot machines recklessly will only get you into trouble. The best way to avoid these pitfalls is to play only when you are confident of winning.
Online slots are a great way to have fun and make some money. However, if you’re new to the game, it is possible that you’ll make some common mistakes that will cost you money. Here are some tips to keep in mind: Keep a log of your winnings and losses and play only when you’re winning.


6 Pack LEARNING RESOURCES GEO SHAPES PEG BOARD
6 Pack LEARNING RESOURCES GEO SHAPES PEG
Teach geometric shapes and reinforce fine motor skills as kids put the correct shape into the pegboard. Five shapes: square, circle, triangle, star and hexagon come in five colors. Large 1 1/2" x 1 1/4" pegs for easier handling. Durable plastic pegboard measures 9 1/2" x 9 1/2" x 1/2". Ages 4 and up.
- Brand: Learning Resources
- ASIN: B004LD584K
- UPC: 765023015720
Coogam Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Manipulative Material Array Block Geo Board - Graphical Educational Toys with 24Pcs Pattern Cards and Rubber Bands Shape STEM Puzzle Matrix 8x8 Brain Teaser for Kid
Coogam Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Manipulative Material Array Block
The pattern cardscontains some geoboard sheets of animals and shapes to give kids an idea ofwhat he can do with them. That will help them see the possibilities of such asimple toy and later they can make their own shapes and designs. You will find theseMontessori Math inplane geometry to be a wonderful addition to your kids toy collection,seeing as they are simple and allow them to explore outside of cars, blocks and Buzz Lightyear. Greatfor developing fine motor skills, concentration and creativity. As kid growsolder this can be used to make complex patterns so the use is long term. To explore geometric concepts such as perimeter, area andthe characteristics of triangles and other polygons.
- Brand: Coogam
- ASIN: B07KTSMBGX
Learning Resources 5-Inch Double-Sided Assorted Geoboard Shapes, Set of 6 Boards, Ages 5+
Learning Resources 5-Inch Double-Sided Assorted Geoboard Shapes, Set
Help students understand geometry concepts with hands-on exploration of geometric concepts. Umbrella-head pins keep rubber bands in place as students create their designs. Choose from a variety of colors, sizes, and pin arrays. Rubber bands included.
- Color: Multicolor
- Brand: Learning Resources
- ASIN: B000QDZY52
- UPC: 783719964022
Montessori Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Manipulative Material Array Block Geo board with 24Pcs Pattern Cards and Rubber Bands Matrix 8x8 for Kids Graphical Educational Toys Early Development Toy
Montessori Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Manipulative Material Array Block
Montessori Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Manipulative Material Array Block Geo board with 24Pcs Pattern Cards and Rubber Bands Classpack 8x8 Grid Early Development ToyGreat Fine Motor Activity: The pattern cards contains some geoboard sheets of shapes to give kids an idea of what he can do with them. That will help them see the possibilities of such a simple toy and later they can make their own shapes and designs. Educational Toy: Having them in school to learn all types of different 2D shapes and figuring out fractions. Good for kids who love making shapes, letters, designs and struggle with grasp, fine motor & visual motor skills.Geoboards may be used to learn about: plane shapes; translation; rotation; reflection; similarity; co-ordination; counting; right angles; pattern; classification; scaling; position; congruence; area; perimeter. Two-dimensional representations of the geoboard may be applied to ordinary paper using rubber stamps or special "geoboard paper" with diagrams of geoboards may be used to help capture a student's explanations of the concept they have discovered or illustrated on the geoboard. Specifications: Dimensions: 7.0 *7.0 *0.6inch Weight: 0.77 Lb or 350g Package Included: 1pc wooden geoboar with 64pcs umbrella-head nails 19pcs geometric cards 5pcs empty c...
- Brand: Thoth
- ASIN: B07CVH1W1K
- UPC: 667797868888
Learning Advantage Double-Sided Geoboard Set - 5 x 5 Grid/12 Pin Circular Array - Set of 6 with Rubber Bands - Geometry Math Manipulative - Teach Angles and Symmetry
Learning Advantage Double-Sided Geoboard Set - 5 x
This 5" double-sided Geoboard set features a 5 x 5 grid array on one side and a 12 pin circular arrangement on the other with each piece. Our Geoboards are great for teaching fractions, radius, diameter, circumference and a range of other 2D concepts and shapes. This set of 6 plastic Geoboards in 6 colors also contains 6 packets of multi-colored, multi-sized rubber bands.
- Color: Assorted
- Brand: Learning Advantage
- ASIN: B0044S1CQU
- UPC: 789164129108
Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Geometry Manipulative Material Array Block Geo Board Graphical Shape Puzzle Educational Montessori STEM Toy with 24Pcs Pattern Cards and Rubber Bands Matrix 8x8 for Kids
Wooden Geoboard Mathematical Geometry Manipulative Material Array Block
Mathematical Manipulative Material Array Block Geo Board Good materials for kids to study math by placing rubber bands around the nails to explore geometric concepts. Learning Single-Sided Geoboard Great Fine Motor Activity. The pattern cards contains some geoboard sheets of animals and shapes to give kids an idea of what he can do with them. That will help them see the possibilities of such a simple toy and later they can make their own shapes and designs. Simple Great Toy. You will find these Montessori Math in plane geometry to be a wonderful addition to your kids toy collection, seeing as they are simple and allow them to explore outside of cars, blocks and Buzz Lightyear. Versatile Educational Tool. Great for developing fine motor skills, concentration and creativity. As kid grows older this can be used to make complex patterns so the use is long term. To explore geometric concepts such as perimeter, area and the characteristics of triangles and other polygons. Creative Pattern Imagined This is a gift to whomever this toy is always VERY popular in your pre-K and preschool classes. This is one toy the kids always fight over at preschool. Pick it to see the Coogam geo - board's difference. Classroom tested and ready for home or school use. What in the box? 1 * Wooden Board 2...
- Brand: JCREN
- ASIN: B07PJT3VMY
- UPC: 736900100723
Learning Resources Classpack Geoboards, 7 Inches, Set of 10
Learning Resources Classpack Geoboards, 7 Inches, Set of
Geoboards Classpack: 7¼” Offer opportunities for hands-on exploration of geometric concepts including shapes, symmetry, congruency, area, perimeter, coordinates, and spatial relationships. Sturdy plastic geoboards in assorted colors feature a 5 x 5 grid with umbrella-head pins to keep rubber bands in place as students create designs. Includes rubber bands. Measures 7¼” x 7¼”. Grades K+ | Ages 5+
- Color: N/a
- Brand: Learning Resources
- ASIN: B00004WKQ6
- UPC: 765023000962
Skoolzy Geometric Shapes Montessori Toys - 7 Jumbo 3D Geometric Solids Preschool Learning Toys - Math Manipulatives Geometry Set Geo Blocks for Kids | Elementary Homeschool Supplies | Tote & eBook
Skoolzy Geometric Shapes Montessori Toys - 7 Jumbo
Skoolzy Jumbo 3d Shapes Geometric Solids Math Manipulatives is an amazing new cubes toys helps every Montessori Classroom, child and parent explore the properties of 3-D geometric shapes in a fun and exciting way to learn. Also a great addition to your homeschool supplies, these math manipulatives for elementary help with color recognition too! Watch your little ones as he or she manipulates the jumbo learning toys and strengthens their hand and brain muscules. The problem you may be facing right now is finding a high quality, durable geometric solids shapes set large enough for small hands and with no sharp edges. These manipulatives for preschoolers are 1.5" to 3" in length and designed to help children as young as four learn early geometry concepts, measuring areas and volumes, and more. Learning is supposed to be fun! Do you know about Pythagorean Theroum? Well if you don't then this Geometry Set can help. Geometry is all about shapes and their properties.It is broken into plane geometry, flat shapes like lines, circles and triangles, and solid geometry, solid shapes like spheres and cubes. If your little ones like playing with objects, or like drawing, then geometry is for you! Our geometry solids set is made of durable plastic, so they'll stand up to years of active play an...
- Brand: Skoolzy
- ASIN: B01NBRC6SO
- UPC: 763985823377
Geoboard with Geometric Shape Pattern Cards - Matching Activity Cards for Children - Early Geometry Math Board
Geoboard with Geometric Shape Pattern Cards - Matching
This learning activity allows children to explore early geometry in an interactive and hands on way. The game includes one mini geoboard, an assortment of rubber bands and 18 different geometric shapes to create. What is included: A 5"x5" double-sided geo board. The board has a 5x5 pin pattern on the front, and a circle on the back (random color) 9 double-sided pattern cards to match. (18 patterns total) The cards are 2.6"x 2.5" and professionally printed on heavy cardstock and laminated for durability. An assortment of rubber bands Shapes include: Isosceles Triangle, Obtuse Triangle, Right Triangle, Equilateral Triangle, Acute Triangle, Scalene Triangle, Square, Rectangle, Rhombus, Pentagon, Hexagon, Parallelogram, Octagon, Circle, Arrow, Trapezoid, Diamond, Heart.
- Brand: Curious Minds Busy Bags
- ASIN: B01EUHJTBY
- UPC: 739615719372
Stem Brain Building Toys for Kids - Educational Engineering Tinker Toys for Boys & Girls - 72 Montessori Fine Motor Skills Connecting Blocks Construction Toys with Travel Backpack + eBook
Stem Brain Building Toys for Kids - Educational
MEGA BLOCKS GEOMETRIC CONNECTING SHAPES. A hands-on introduction to construction, building and fine motor development. Watch your little one grow right before your eyes and develop as their own unique self! These giant interlocking building pieces are designed for little hands so building and creating is the focus. The world of learning and playing at the same time just got exciting BECAUSE LEARNING WAS MEANT TO BE FUN. This Jumbo Creative Builder set is great for toddlers, preschoolers, kindergartners and occupational therapy clients who need to strengthen their fine motor skills as well as get a first look at colors, shapes, counting, 3D structures, gravity, math, patterns, the list goes on! FREE PLAY TIME = endless possibilities. This is where kids minds absorb the world around them. Let their imaginations run wild with this interactive boys and girls stacker kit. Build, create and express yourself. Includes: 72 crazy connecting pieces in assorted colors, shapes & designs (2" - 2.5"), 1 Kids Korner backpack (10" x 13") COLORS to learn: Red, Yellow, Green, Blue, White SHAPES to learn: Rectangle, Square, Pentagon, Oval, Circle, Triangle Can you build a structure that is 10" tall?Designed for children 5 years and up!
- Color: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Purple
- Brand: KIDS KORNER
- ASIN: B01M0KUA5Z
- UPC: 729129154127
Geo Pegs and Pegboard - Edx Education, Early years, Fine Motor Skills & Cognition
Edx Education is an international manufacturer of quality educational products and materials to c...
Stacking Shapes Pegboard- one of the best toys for 2 year olds
Children will spend hours sorting, stacking and creating with the Stacking Shapes version of the ...
JS&B | OSCar by Pegboard Nerds | custom Level with official alpha level editor
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Mixed Shape Board Tutorial - SMART PEGBOARD Spotlight - NEOFECT
The NEOFECT Smart Board is an innovative update to a widely used rehab tool. Using a combination ...
EDX Education Geo Peg and Peg Board
The EDX Education Geo Peg and Peg Board comes with 36 pegs that are stackable so you can insert t...


I have a 3 conductor jacketed cable (e.g., SEOOW) I am including in a formboard harness. For discussion purposes suppose that the cable is needed in the following configuration:
- Fan-out 3, 1, and 1 inch leads on one end (for wire A, B, and C, respectively)
- Leave 1 inch of cable jacketed, and
- Fan-out 1, 1, and 3 inch leads on the other end (again, A, B, and C, respectively)
I am trying to figure out how to get the Formboard BOM to list the correct total length of the cable. As best as I can see, the BOM is generated using the total length of the first wire in the cable ( (3+1+1 = 5 inches) and not the max length on each end plus jacketed length... in this case, 3 (for wire A) + 1 (jacketed length) + 3 (C wire) = 7 inches.
Does anyone know if Harness Builder will always look at the first wire or can it be smart enough to look over the whole cable and decide the correct total length to choose.
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Many of us are interested in questions like "which factors influence a certain biological phenomenon?", but are unsure which statistical test to apply. The purpose of the course is to understand which test is appropriate for your data. I’ll cover the standard statistical tests and explain in easy-to-understand terms how to use the R software to analyse your data. We cover linear and non-linear regression, t-tests, anova, ancova, multiple regression and other model-fitting techniques. This course provides a short introduction into the R environment, model fitting and then tackles in more depth the problem of model selection (the task of selecting “good” models from a set of candidate models).
The open source software R (http://www.r-project.org) has revolutionized the statistical data analysis for most bioscience disciplines. The R environment is completely free and runs on all common operating systems.
- a brief introduction to R
- t-test, linear regression, anova, ancova
- multiple regression, multifactorial anova
- generalized linear models
- mixed effect models
- model selection
- Teacher: Sven Bacher


A Japanese invention, Abacus is a tool that computes and calculates. It is easy, efficient, and ancient. Abacus is the inspiration to world’s first pocket calculator.
Our ancestors were geniuses. They came up with an ingenious solution to complex arithmetic problems.
And….Abacus was born.
Mathematics is logic. Zero has logic, it means nothing. It is logic that defines the computing world today. 0 and 1 are the two awesome numbers.
Kids are vulnerable intellects. Their information processing and consumption powers are extra ordinary. Teach them well, they learn well. Some kids just simply can’t handle mathematics. Give them a maths papers and they experience panic attacks. “Me asthmatic” is the word for this phobia.
So, how do you help them combat ‘fear of mathematics’? Abacus Training is one possible option. Kids 50% Kids respond better to logic, when they attend abacus training. It activates their right brain activity.
Your kid is a genius, give him intellectual grooming. Here are 5 reasons why abacus training is good for your kid.
Is gene solely responsible for intelligence? No. Environment matters too. Give the brain right nutrition, it will be healthy. A fully developed brain finds it difficult to grasp things immediately. It loses its focus because of external elements.
Abacus training sharpens your child’s memory and helps establish a logical mind. It’s all about speed, isn’t it? A dumb mind does no good. The numbering logic reflexes of your child improve with training.
Helps in School work:
What if you have a brilliant child and he loses focus quite often. Paying attention is a problem for your kid. 75% kids often do not pay attention in the classrooms.
For example, counting on fingers is the basic mathematical lesson for a kid. It supports numerical relationships till number 10 and lacks countable objects. Abacus, a bead-based system offers better numeric relationships, helping kids understand the concepts of mathematics and relate to number values.
It is the mental picture training that helps your kid focus better in classroom. Abacus training enhances listening skill of a student.
Easy to Learn:
It is no shortcut to mathematical relationships. It is simple and easy. Here’s a list of learning ways:’
Sing and learn: Memorize the finger rules by singing. Put the rules instead of the lyrics and your job is done.
Learn by playing: Games are designed specifically for Abacus training. It makes it easier for the kids to learn the fun way.
Enhances Real-time problem solving skills:
Real-time situations are daunting at times. You don’t really want your kid to go blank, if there is a tricky situation, do you? Abacus training enhances the response time of a child by 45%.
The dish tastes good, if all the ingredients are right. A confident child learns, unlearns and then learns the concept of mathematics in the training.
If you are looking for Abacus training classes for kid, browse through the internet. For example, if you live in Delhi, just type in this phrase “Abacus Training classes in Delhi” and visit the websites. Choose the best.


- The transmittance is given by
where K(s, T, P) is the absorption coefficient depending on the wavenumber, temperature, and pressure. This coefficient may be written as
where S(T) is the line strength and f (s - so , T, P) is the line profile. For this last one, we use the Whiting expression
modified by Oliveiro and Longbothum. [Ref.: J-J. Olivero and R.L. Longbothum, J.Q.S.R.T 17, 233 (1978)]
- The following step is to convolute the transmittance with the apparatus function. This convolution may obviously been applied to
any experimental set-up.
For a FT spectrometer, the apparatus function is first of all due to the maximum path difference which is limited; this function
could be written as
where L is the maximum path difference. Various numerical apodization could be used as for example
- The next step is to convolve this function with a second one, due to the entrance diaphragm
This leads to a shift in frequency
proportional to the wavenumber and the square of the radius r of entrance diaphragm.
f being the entrance focal of the apparatus.
Then the entire apparatus function is
where j is a parameter which describes the asymmetry of the line.


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Mathematics Events and PD Opportunities
Although the world is rebounding from COVID-19, circumstances of individual events are still shifting and you are urged to stay alert with news from each organization or provider to get up-to-date details before registering or attending.
The CCTM Annual Conference returning in 2021 as a virtual event from September 29 to October 2. Details and registration will come out over the summer of 2021 at https://www.cctmath.org/conference.
On July 26-29, 2021, NCTM will host their Leadership Conference as an online event. Speakers include Robert Berry, Mark Freed, Paul Gray, Greg Lakey, Sean Nank, Jessica Stovall, and NCTM President Trena Wilkerson. Registration cost is $63-90, depending on membership level. Although the event is virtual, space is limited.
The Colorado Math Leaders (CML) met for two hours each month in 2020-2021 and is considering a similar schedule for 2021-2022. Meeting dates and times for the upcoming school year will be worked out in July of 2021.
For other details, please subscribe to the CML mailing list by contacting Raymond Johnson.
Rocky Mountain Math Teachers' Circle meets the first Saturday of each month from 8:30 until noon at the University of Colorado Denver. For more information and to RSVP for a meeting, see https://clas.ucdenver.edu/rmmcp/rocky-mountain-math-teachers-circle.
Rocky Mountain Math Students' Circle is a collection of activities, with math circles held in various districts along with math circle summer camps. For more information, see https://clas.ucdenver.edu/rmmcp/rocky-mountain-math-students-circles.
Northern Colorado Math Circles (NoCOMC) provide math circle sessions for both middle school math teachers and middle school students (4th-8th graders). For more information, see http://northerncoloradomathcircles.org/.
Connect With Us


Mathematics: mathematics, the science of structure, order, and relation that has evolved from counting, measuring, and describing the shapes of objects. The nature and structure of scientific models 9554193) and by the national center for improving student learning and achievement in mathematics and science a considered perspective on the nature and structure of models in scienc e. It is possible to explore the nature of mathematics, and its relationship to physics, in another direction one way is to suggest that mathematics, in its orders and relationships, is a reflection of the internal structure and processes of the brain. Chemistry, physics and biology are by their nature genuinely difficult mathematics, however, is man-made, and therefore not as complicated two ideas form the basis for this book: 1) to use ordinary mathematics to describe the simplicity in the structure of mathematics and 2) to develop new.
The area of study known as the history of mathematics is primarily an investigation into the origin of one driving element was the belief that mathematics provided the key to understanding the created order of nature the concept of an abstract structure was itself abstracted and led to. Structures, points and levels of reality costas a drossos of 'structure' and the protean nature and the dialectics of the concept of 'point' in various characteristic cases mathematics for the constant and motionless. Look for and make use of structure: understand the nature of mathematics june 17, 2016 june 17, 2016 mahesh sharma a mathematician, like a painter or poet, is a maker of patterns use, and reinforce structures in mathematics. Hierarchical structure of mathematics knowledge and its sequencing in mathematics curriculum by samuel baah-duodu page 67, original emphasis) the hierarchical nature of mathematics a major reason for the importance of the distinctions has to do with the way that mathematics is structured. The nsta next generation science standards hub offers information macroscopic patterns are related to the nature of microscopic and atomic-level structure the crosscutting concept of patterns is also strongly associated with the practice of using mathematics and computational.
Mathematics of language learning abstract all approaches adopt some restrictive assumption about the nature of relevant causal inﬂuences model structure and rational setting of model parameters is reminiscent of. What is it about bees and hexagons : the honeybee conjecture is an example of mathematics unlocking a mystery of nature, so here the more compact your structure, the less wax you need to construct the honeycomb. Nature, characteristics and definition of maths nature of mathematics a science of discovery an intellectual game the art of drawing conclusion s a characteristic s of mathematics logical sequence structure precision and accuracy abstractness mathematical language and.
Symmetry — a link between mathematics and life by cathy gorini introduction an artistic pattern or structure of nature expresses the diversity of relative existence, yet in the repetition of aspects of the design or structure, that is. The necessity of language instruction in mathematics presented by angela alcantar, sunshine price, and michelle stroup english language acquisition specialists, salem-keizer public schools use consistent structures for cooperative learning.
42 responses to is the universe actually made of math frank says: if the universe is mathematics and mathematics is the universe what is the nature of the fundamental structure of the universe such that it supports logic as a mode of computation. When mathematical structures are good models of real phenomena a still-developing scientific theory which attempts to unify the four fundamental forces of nature, continues to inspire new mathematics. Everything in the universe is made of math - including you equations aren't the only hints of mathematics that are built into nature: which states that our external physical reality is a mathematical structure.
Does mathematics reflect reality contradictions in mathematics does the apparently mathematical design was not inherent in nature, or if it was, man's mathematics was not necessarily the account of that they did gloat over their reconstruction of the logical structure of mathematics. It is easy to perceive that the prodigious variety which appears both in the works of nature and in the actions combinatorial mathematics, or combinatorics modern computing machines translate our insight into the combinatorial structure of mathematics into practice by mechanical. Mathematical platonism mathematical platonism is any metaphysical account of mathematics that implies mathematical entities exist, that they are abstract, and that they are independent of all our rational activities. One cannot inquire into the foundations and nature of mathematics without delving into the question of the operations by which the mathematical activity of the mind is conducted if one failed wave structure of matter - summary of the logic and mathematics of the wave structure of matter. Mathematics & reality galileo's assertion that the book of nature is written in the language of mathematics has been a guiding principle of science since the (osr) according to osr, reality is an abstract structure, and, indeed, the mathematical structure of the world is. The idea of structure in learning leads naturally to a process approach in which the very process of learning (how one learns) becomes as important as the content of learning (what one learns) bruner what is the nature of mathematics learning.


Maths 11 Plus Grammar Tuition
What you'll learn
What you'll learn
As an essential skill the maths test plays a key role in grammar schools assessing your child. Schools take different approaches to the exam, however, they almost always assess similar topics, areas and elements.
The aim is to identify whether the child understands and can manipulate numbers as well as solve mathematical problems.
Similar to other subjects, the questions will reflect what the child has learnt in line with the national curriculum.
What’s important here is the child’s depth of knowledge and adaptability, through practise and exposure its vital they are able to apply their knowledge to different questions whether numerical or written.
Its expected that the following areas will come up within the test:
- Number – which will include decimals, percentages and fractions as well as the four basic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division).
- Algebra – which will include equations and formulae.
- Shape and space (geometry) – which will include volume, area, co-ordinates and nets.
- Data handling – which will focus on statistics and probability, the idea of chance and averages.
Strong core maths skills combined with being able to work quickly and logically is what’s needed, as well as a sound understanding of times tables and the four basic operations (addition, subtraction, division and multiplication).
Taking between 30 to 60 minutes, the maths test can be set out in different formats, including multiple choice and written answers.
It’s important that your child covers a well-rounded programme, improving their mental maths and recall whilst also being able to recognise key bits of information within questions.
By being able to logically break down and showcase a multi-step process the student will be able to identify the best mathematical method required to solve the problem.
This skill level and way of working is something that can come through practise, confidence in the fundamental knowledge and constant exposure to different math problems.
Our Maths 11 Plus Course is focussed on cementing the fundamental knowledge, taking students through the basic operations all the way across to more advanced problems such as data handling and geometry.
With constant quizzes after topics and lessons, including mental maths, as well as a library of timed mock exams, our students are able to test, challenge and get live results to see how well they are doing.
The routine practise, learning and revision of new ways of solving problems, especially under time pressure, will help your child become confident in sitting any exam format.
Our aim is to equip your child with the knowledge they need to be the best, and in doing so comfortably sit their Maths 11 Plus exam.


by Activity Resources Company, Incorporated .
Written in English
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||24|
Graffiti Coloring Book 2: Characters Paperback – Ma by Jacob Kimvall (Author) out of 5 stars 27 ratings. See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. Price New from Used from Paperback "Please retry" $ $ /5(7). Graphiti, Book 2 by Blanchard, Robert. Activity Resources. PAPERBACK. Fine. Graphiti, Book 1 Revised Edition by Robert Blanchard (Author) out of 5 stars 2 ratings. ISBN ISBN Why is ISBN important? ISBN. This bar-code number lets you verify that you're getting exactly the right version or edition of a 4/5(2). Graphiti, Book 1 › Customer reviews out of 5 stars Graphiti I liked it. Reviewed in the United States on Decem Verified Purchase. I would like to see more seasonal pictures and I thought there should be more pictures for the money. It is a great time saver for extra graphing practice for students.4/5.
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Summer Reading and Math Opportunities
Post date: Jun 1, 2011 7:02:00 PM
We are making final arrangements to unveil summer reading and math learning opportunities for all students during the last week of school. These opportunities will be made available in an attempt to promote student interaction in these basic academic areas over the summer and help them avoid the "summer academic slump". Stay tuned for more information in the next and last edition of the Wildcat Weekly for the 2010-2011 school year.


HippoCampus.org is a free, core academic website that delivers multimedia content--videos, animations, and simulations--on general education subjects to middle-school and high-school teachers and students. Teachers can use these as classroom resources, while students can use the site as a study resource.
The Hooda Math website is a collection of K-12 math games, videos, timed math tests, and tutorials. The site is organized by resource type, grade level, and math subject. Subjects covered include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, fractions, integers, and algebra. To fund the site, some pages have advertising.
HowStuffWorks provides easy-to-understand explanations of how the world works. Topics include everything from car engines to search engines and cell phones to stem cells. Each topic has a variety of comprehensive articles, helpful graphics, and usually an accompanying podcast and video. This information can be used as resource by middle and high school students or K-12 teachers; teachers of elementary school students may need to modify the materials to make them more grade-level appropriate.
HubbleSite contains information about all aspects of the Hubble telescope, such as missions, construction, and current news. The website has multimedia resources (e.g., numerous, searchable photographs taken by the telescope; videos about space; astronomy podcasts; and quizzes). The website content can be used by middle, high, and postsecondary school students for independent research and by K-12 teachers for classroom lessons. Teachers of elementary school students may need to modify the materials to make them more grade-level appropriate.


Separation of variables methods for solving partial differential equations are of immense theoretical and practical importance in mathematical physics They are the most powerful tool known for obtaining explicit solutions of the partial differential equations of mathematical physics The purpose of this book is to give an up to date presentation of the theory of separation of variables and its relation to superintegrability Collating and presenting in a unified, updated and a accessible manner the results scattered in the literature the authors have prepared an invaluable resource for mathematicians and mathematical physicists in particular, as well as science, engineering, geological and biological researchers interested in explicit solutions. Read Prognosis of Earthquakes: Is It Possible? by Sergey Pulinets – cricketworldcuplivestreaming.com
Is a well-known author, some of his books are a fascination for readers like in the
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Who We Are
B.A. Education - Learning Disabilities
Katie Thompson has been teaching high school math at Lake Michigan Academy for five years. In that time she has taught Geometry, Personal Finance, and Algebra II. Katie has her bachelor's degree in Learning Disabilities from Cornerstone University, and she is working on getting her master’s in Education Leadership from Grand Valley State University. She has many areas of expertise, such as using hands-on techniques to teach math in a visual way, developing students’ confidence in math, reading intervention (Orton Gillingham certified), and developing high school mathematics curriculum in alignment with the Common Core Standards. Her hobbies are photography, being a mom, leading High School Youth Group, and playing with her new puppy.


The link for examples of work can be found below
The homepage for my class is below
I will be bringing along about 5-10 students with experience creating 3D models for math, language arts, history, and science to help facilitate the presentation.
Join us for a hands-on demonstration of creating models for history, science, math, and language arts. We will be using Google SketchUp Make, which is free for educational purposes. Included will be examples of student work in 7th-9th grade, tutorials, and ideas for incorporating 3D models into your projects. Feel free to join whether you are a beginner or advanced user. For advanced users there will be tutorials on creating a fully virtual world for free.
Educators, College Students, Intermediate 4-8, Secondary 9-12
BEGINNER, INTERMEDIATE, ADVANCED


Electronics Math Simplified
Electronics math is often seen as hard because it is presented in its complex algebra form and often assumes the reader understands all the symbols used.
I hope to simplify the math for my readers by using the unit names and simpler equations
Volts = Amps * Ohms, Otherwise known as V=IR
Amps = Volts / Ohms
Resistance = Voltage / Amps
Watts = Volts * Amps
Watts = Volts ^ 2 / Ohms
Watts = Current ^ 2 * Ohms
Resistors in series: R Total = R1+R2+...
Resistors in parallel: R Total = 1/((1/R1) + (1/R2) + ...)
Current = Voltage Change per second * Farads
Voltage change per second = Current / Farads
Farads = Current / Voltage Change per second
Joules = (Farads / 2) * (Voltage ^ 2)
Capacitors in parallel: C Total = C1+C2+...
Capacitors in series: C Total = 1/((1/C1) + (1/C2) + ...)
Impedance = 1 / (2 * PI * Frequency * Farads)
Equations to spec a capacitor to result in a known ripple:
Voltage Change per second = 120 * Desired ripple voltage.
(use 60 for a half bridge rectifier, assuming 60hz)
Farads = Load Current / Voltage Change per second
Voltage = Current Change Per Second * Henries
Current Change Per Second = Voltage / Henries
Henries = Voltage / Current Change Per Second
Joules = (Henries / 2) * (Amps ^ 2)
Inductors in series: L Total = L1+L2+...
Inductors in parallel: L Total = 1/((1/L1) + (1/L2) + ...)
Impedance = 2 * PI * Frequency * Henries
Leds are devices with a very sharp IV curve, As such they expect to be run off a constant current supply. A resistor in series with the led and a constant voltage power supply works as well. The following equation tells you the resistance needed:
Series Resistor = (Supply Voltage - LED Voltage) / LED Current
Led current is typically 10mA, LED Voltage is typically about 2v for red, yellow and green LEDs and 3v for blue and white LEDs. If using multiple LEDs in series, add there voltages together. Do not use LEDs in parallel without each having their own resistor
When reading LED data sheets, LED voltage is Vf (Voltage Forward) and current is If (Current Forward)
RMS = Root Mean Square. Meaning they take the square root of the mean (Average) of the square of many samples. It is not the same as 'average' and compensates for the fact that power increases to the square of the voltage or current in a circuit.
AC is considered to have two types of power, Apparent power and Real power.
Apparent power is measured by RMS voltage * RMS current
Real power is measured by RMS (Voltage * Current), Where they measure voltage and current simultaneously, multiply, and sample the result many times to result in an RMS value.
Power Factor = Apparent Power / Real power
Low power factors are a result of current draw that is not in phase with voltage, and results in excess current on power distribution wires, As it is the RMS current that dictates dissipation in wires.
Heat sinks are rated in C/W, this is how many C they rise above ambient to dissipate 1W. Thermal resistance (Rth
) is also measured in C/W. They can be added together to find the total thermal resistance from die to ambient, and hence the die temperature.
Temperature Rise = (Rth Die to Case + Rth Case to Heat sink + Rth Heat sink to Ambient) * Wattage
Die Temperature = Ambient + Temperature Rise
Rule of thumb is to design for 30c ambient for heat sinks in free air, 40c for a well ventilated case with fans, 50c for a well ventilated case without fans, And 60c+ for poorly ventilated cases, Its best to measure the case in question if ventilation is poor.
To figure out the required heat sink thermal rejection for a given die temperature and dissipation, use:
Case To Heat sink Temp Differential = Wattage * (Rth Die to Case + Rth Case to Heat sink)
Temperature Budget = Desired Die Temperature - Ambient - Case To Heat sink Temp Differential
Desired Heat sink C/W = Temperature Budget / Wattage
Gain of a transistor is known as HFE. This is the ratio of collector current that will be allowed to flow vs base current.
Transistor gain varies wildly depending on collector current and temperature. If you wish to ensure a transistor switches on fully (Goes into saturation mode), You should always consult the HFE vs Ice (Current Collector Emitter) Graph of the transistor in question for your expected load current.
Your base current should be at least:
Base Current = Load * Overhead Current / HFE
Where Overhead Current should at least be 1.3, Recommended 1.5+ to ensure good saturation.
Inductor Impedance = 2 * PI * Frequency * Henries
Inductor Admittance = 1 / (2 * PI * Frequency * Henries)
RL Filter Gain:
Filter Current = Voltage/(Impedance+Ohms)
High pass Gain = Impedance / Sqrt(Ohms ^ 2 + Impedance ^ 2)
Low pass Gain = Ohms / Sqrt(Ohms^2 + Impedance^2)
LR Filter Phase:
High pass Phase = arctan(Ohms / Impedance)
Low pass Phase = arctan(-(Impedance / Ohms))
Capacitor Impedance = 1 / (2 * PI * Frequency * Farads)
Capacitor Admittance = 2 * PI * Frequency * Farads
3db Frequency for RC filter = 1 / Admittance
Resonant frequency of LC = 1 / (2 * PI * sqrt(Ohms * Farads))
RC filter Gain:
Filter Current = Voltage/(Impedance+Ohms)
Low pass gain = 1/(Sqrt(1+(Admittance * Ohms)^2))
High pass gain = Admittance * Ohms / (Sqrt(1+(Admittance * Ohms)^2))
RC filter Phase:
Low Pass phase = arctan(-(Admittance * Ohms)^2)
High Pass phase = arctan(1/(Admittance * Ohms)^2)
Feedback compensation: The goal of feedback compensation is to reduce the gain of the feedback loop to below 1 at the 180 degree phase frequency of your output filter. The easiest way to calculate this is to make a bode plot of your LC output filter and feedback loop via simulation, And then reduce your feedback loop frequency until you have less then 1 gain at the -180 degree point. (Both bode plots phase delay should be added together to arrive at the total phase delay of the smps)
Input Power = Output Power / Efficiency
Input Current = Output Voltage * Output Current / (Input Voltage * Efficiency)
Output Power = Input Power * Efficiency
Output Current = Input Voltage * Input Current * Efficiency / Output Voltage
Conversion to other units:
Watt Hours = Amp Hours * Average Voltage
1 Joule = 1 Watt Second
745 Watts = 1 Horse Power
1 Watt Hour = 3.412 British Thermal Unit (BTU)
ω = Radians per second = 2 * Pi * Frequency
© 2012 Prototype Machining


Dr. Goodaire swooped down the stairs of the Auditoria style classroom two wide steps at a time to deliver his first lecture of the morning for a Calculus I class. It was the first week of September 1992 and this was my first class of a six-year long engineering program at Memorial University.
I was well prepared for the course. While I didn’t have the option of taking AP courses in high school, I did a pre-calculus course in Grade 12 in addition to the usual geometry and algebra topics. I did well in these courses, though I have no reason to believe I have a particular talent in this topic— I just did the assigned homework consistently (I recall spending perhaps an hour most nights on math homework). I would have considered math one of my favorite subjects, though I never had a passion for the topic.
It wasn’t long, however, before I felt like I was in over my head with university level math. Where I once felt mastery of the material, I now felt defeated. Grades in the 90s were replaced by 60s and low 70s on my assignments and mid-term.
I felt that Dr. Goodaire was a very good lecturer, but the course was intimidating. I didn’t keep up with him. He covered multiple sections of the text per class sometimes, a blistering speed compared with high-school pace. I don’t think I missed any lectures, but most of the time I barely understood the material; sometimes not at all. The text was hard to read (I never learned how to read a math text in high school). I didn’t know how to persist when encountering difficult problems. Even the course number, “Math 1000”, was a little chilling.
I recovered somewhat by the end of the course, thanks to some lengthy tutorial sessions which included practice exams. But I never fully recovered. I never really learned how to study math, and throughout my program I never regained the confidence that I could obtain grades comparable to those I received in high school.
Fast forward to 2019 when I enrolled in the B.Sc. Applied Mathematics program at AU, originally with the intent of taking a few courses to learn more about a subject called machine learning. I managed to bring my grades up to the level I achieved in high school, maybe even better. This was a pleasant surprise as I had once convinced myself that it was not possible to achieve 90s in university level mathematics. I am no smarter than I was, no more able to learn the material. What made the difference? While I employ several different study tactics, I believe that a genuine interest in the topic, coupled with confidence and persistence are at the root of my improved results.
Over time I had developed a greater appreciation for the contribution of mathematics to daily life. It probably goes without saying that space exploration wouldn’t happen without some of the mathematical discoveries since the Renaissance, however you are probably not aware that much of today’s comforts would not exist without certain discoveries in the mathematical sciences. GPS and cellphones—gone. Internet—wouldn’t have been invented. Commercial aircraft—we wouldn’t have gone much further than the Wright brothers. Electricity—it likely would be more expensive and less reliable. Even in the research community there are many crossovers with various branches of mathematics. Biology, climate science, economics, cryptography and encryption, and social sciences to name a few areas, all make use of complex mathematics. To my surprise, I have learned since my first university courses that mathematics research (both pure and applied) is alive and well, though the work in pure mathematics often takes many years to be applied by business or research outside of mathematics.
Activities in my work and personal life have also illustrated the applicability of mathematics in everyday experience. At the office, I once encountered some product pricing problems that required algebra and calculus to solve (note that I wisely excluded the math component in my presentation to the executive!). In my personal life, I noticed the importance of math in understanding personal finance. If the equation y = p * (1+i)x means nothing to you (hint: your high-school text will cover a simplified version of this for sure), then you are missing out on very important information concerning your future finances.
Consider the plight of students or recent graduates looking at some furniture options. They might be forced (as I once was) to make a purchase with a credit card or go without. They might also have the option to purchase furniture through a retailer on credit (in the form of a weekly or monthly payment). This option may seem attractive as it typically comes with a low weekly payment in comparison with a credit card charging nearly 20% interest. Exploring these options, as part of writing this article, I found a sectional sofa which could be purchased from one retailer on credit for $24 per week for 156 weeks (3 years) vs. $1560 from a 2nd retailer. If students were to put their high school or early university math skills to work with the equation above, they might be shocked to learn that this pleasant weekly payment conceals an interest rate of 70%!! Ouch. And I am not cherry-picking examples here—this was the first example I reviewed.
So the integral (pun intended) of these experiences, related to the applications of mathematics, opened my eyes to the benefit of a mathematics education, for both society and the individual. The other part of this story is about developing confidence and tenacity.
Confidence comes from application, which is easier when coupled with genuine interest. So, to start, I read non-technical books outside the curriculum on the subject. In Pursuit of the Unknown: 17 Equations That Changed the World, and Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality were among the books I read. I also began listening to science and math podcasts and reading popular science journalism from sources such as Quanta Magazine. This material made the topic interesting and more relatable—some of my readings were less about the math but rather about the people behind discoveries, and some of the authors have a style that is quite infectious.
I also read Lara Alcock’s How to Study as a Mathematics Major soon after starting my first course at Athabasca (she is a university professor specializing in mathematics education). The book described many of the problems I encountered as a math student and indicated that they were quite common. As stated earlier, I struggled to read math texts. I didn’t understand the vernacular of mathematics (e.g., definitions, axioms, lemmas, theorems, and some symbols). I was terrified of proofs. I didn’t know how to get ‘unstuck’ on a problem. And as silly as it may sound, I didn’t know how to get help or ask the right questions or speak to the professor. Of course, I also had the added problem that university social life can be very distracting (Alcock doesn’t help with that one!).
Alcock’s book also helped with terminology and study skills: how to read math, how to write math, how to deal with proofs. For example, it helped normalize the fact that I often had to read a section 2 or 3 times before I really got it. “Sleeping on it” is another valuable technique. I learned to spend days or weeks on hard assignment problems; nudging toward the solution with a little bit of effort here and there, aided by the confidence that I would eventually find an answer.
I wish I had this book when I started my undergrad in 1992. The validation I felt would have helped me through the transition to university, while the advice and general description of the subject would have made the topic more accessible and would have helped me move forward in the lectures more confidently. Validation may seem an odd thing to help you study, but when you realize that so many people taking calculus and stats courses are going through the same experiences, you don’t feel so bad about your own struggle. It provided me with confidence that I could improve.
In the end I cultivated a passion for the topic (I’m not exaggerating—if someone would volunteer to pay my bills, I would love to do a Ph.D. in applied mathematics). Math studies have ceased to be ‘work’, but rather have become an intellectual play.
So there you have it; a strategy to tame this subject that seems the bane of so many students. It would be too optimistic of me to think you could come away from this article with the interest I have for the subject, but I do hope, if you are in the “I suck at math”, or “I hate math” camps, that you give it a chance. If nothing else than for self-interest. Math is kind of like a superpower, or maybe a superpower-lite. While you may not use most of your learned math skills directly, anything that you do in life that involves problem solving, logical thinking or numeracy, be it inside or outside of academia, will benefit from math studies.


Academics >> Curriculum and Instruction
The curriculum in all schools of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles is developed and based on the Common Core State Standards and California State Standards in specific academic areas along with the integration of Gospel values. Curriculum/Standards Guides are developed and revised as needed with required in services for school personnel.
St. Thomas More School’s curriculum builds on and enhances the Archdiocesan curriculum/ standards, and strives for a well-balanced curriculum development by considering factors such as individual needs, instructional organization, strengths of the faculty, and current research.
Instruction is given in the core areas of Religion, Math, Social Studies, Science, and Language. In order to educate the whole student, classes in Music, Spanish, Physical Education, and Technology are given weekly. Art is also incorporated across the curriculum.


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While graph theory applications have been in the market for many years, they are gaining popularity because fraud rings are larger, more complex, and more organized than ever before.
In mathematics, graph theory is the study of graphs that identifies relationships between objects. In financial services fraud detection, these objects are likely to be unique personal identifiers, like an address, phone number, or Social Security number (SSN).
Many fraud investigators will use graph theory visualization to look for additional linkages to suspicious or fraudulent activity. For example, if three new-account applications share the same address but have three different SSNs, the investigator might use graph theory visualization to look for other anomalies related to identity, contact, or transaction information. This linkage is referred to as a “first level” link. That is, we observed the three applications at this first-level address level.
However, let’s suppose that one of these three SSNs was separately linked to four additional applications with this same SSN, and let’s say we saw a phone number for one of those four shared a phone number with three other applications. You now start to see the picture.
In our first example, we saw three applications linked together through a common address. But as you go beyond the first level linking, there are now 10 new-account applications that are all linked through the combinations of address, SSN, and phone number.
These linkages can be displayed graphically using the latest visualization software. The graphs include both vertices and edges. In our example, the vertices would be both the transaction as well as the shared link, such as the common address. The edges would simply be the lines connecting or linking to these vertices.
With visualization software, investigators can more clearly see fraud rings unfolding, and this helps them understand how fraudulent behavior is occurring and how to stop it.
Using Graph Theory Predictively
Most graph theory applications start with a known high-risk transaction or data element and then use graph theory to link to other transactions that share some common element. This “bottom up” approach can be very effective at identifying other potential transactions that may have slipped through.
However, there is another approach. Instead of starting with a single known high-risk element, we take a set of already-connected objects and work backward to find the objects that – when combined – are fraud indicators. (In our example, we would start with the 10 elements linked together.) Using this “top down” approach, you search for and discover what you should identify as high risk. There will be more potential fraud rings that warrant investigation.
The “top down” approach is highly effective when deployed against a vast network of data. For example, if you were seeing 100 percent of all new auto loan applications in the country – in theory – you would be able to identify 100 percent of all fraud rings in auto lending. By linking all this information together in real-time, you can identify high-risk activity and act fast to mitigate it.
Only as Good as the Data
Whether used by investigators for fraud research or by data scientists for predictive modeling, graph theory requires large quantities of high-quality, multi-variate, and time-oriented data. You can have the greatest graph theory software ever designed, but without good data, who cares?
That is why we are so excited to be deploying graph theory technology at Kevari. We have one of the largest new-account application databases, as well as the largest database of account takeover transactions, in financial services. By applying graph theory to these databases, we are allowing our customers to keep more fraud out of the banking system.


Several Ouachita Parish teachers from across the district were recognized for their outstanding instruction in the classroom this past week at the Joint Conference for the Louisiana Association of Teachers of Mathematics (LATM) and the Louisiana Science Teachers Association (LSTA) in Baton Rouge.
Calhoun Middle School’s Carmen Gonzales was awarded the 2023 LATM Outstanding New Math Teacher of the Year. Ms. Gonzales is in her second year as a teacher after spending the first part of her career in banking.
I've had an interesting journey to becoming a teacher, but I wouldn't trade a minute of it, Gonzales said. “Inspiring students to try something new, getting to see the excitement when they overcome a challenge, and encouraging them inside and outside of the classroom are just a few of the reasons that I love being a teacher.”
Good Hope Middle School teacher Jamie Hugghins was named the 2023 LATM Middle School Math Teacher of the Year. Ms. Hugghins has been in the classroom for 14 years with the last 8 spent at Good Hope.
“I was honored to be nominated for the LATM Outstanding Middle School Math Teacher,” Hugghins said. “I’ve been impacted by several amazing teachers and have adapted my style of teaching towards what works best in my classroom environment. What I most enjoy about teaching is preparing students for their future and relating what I teach to real life situations so they can see the value in what they are learning. I love challenging my students and being able to connect with them and their families.”
Ouachita Parish also claimed the top award on the high school level with Lainey Hodge from Sterlington High School named the 2023 LATM Outstanding High School Teacher of the Year. Ms. Hodge has also been in the classroom for 14 years teaching math, with the last five being in Ouachita Parish. She is currently in her second year at Sterlington.
“My experience includes teaching various academic levels of high school courses to students of all backgrounds,” Hodge said. “The thing I enjoy most about teaching is being able to convince struggling students that they CAN do math and encourage them along their own path to mathematical success.”
Ms. Hodge was also recognized as a finalist for the 2023 Presidential Award for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching, along with Riser Middle School’s Jamie Mosley. The award winners for the Presidential Award will be announced at a later date.
Krissi Allen, Curriculum Coordinator at East Ouachita Middle School, was recognized as a 2022 finalist for the Presidential Award for Excellence in Math and Science Teaching. Prior to coming to East Ouachita, Allen taught mathematics at Sterlington Elementary.
Sterlington Middle School teacher Robbie Evans was awarded the 2020 Presidential Award for his excellence as a science teacher. He was also recognized during the two-day LATM event.


Week of 2/2/15 to 2/6/15
What are we learning this week?
2/2 - 2/6
Word Family: -ick
Sight Words: by, his
In Math we are continuing to work on ADDITION
THIS WEEK AT HOME: Feel free to begin working on your Valentine's Day cards at home. The party will be next Friday, February 13, from 12:15-1:10. Each child will be able to pass out their cards before the party begins.
Please continue to send jackets/hats/gloves when the weather is cold. We will be going to recess as long as weather permits. Bundle up!


Computing expected value
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If we look at the exclusion zone of a vertex in a euclidean unit distance graph we find that it has a clearly defined measure, and as shown in the first entry on the exclusion zone, the dimensionality of this measure is (n-1)-dimensional. For where m>1 the measure is n-dimensional.
will be a n-sphere with radius 1, and will be a n-ball with radius m.
Now let’s take a look at how color has to behave in this system. One of the first things to notice is that, from a point of intuiton, since has a clearly defined measure, using a finite amount of colors to fill these colors should have a clearly defined measure as well, but a proof remains elusive.
If we do take a color and concentrate it in a continuous segment of we get a measurable line. We can disperse a color finer but there are problems with doing that:
Same colored points can have their exclusion zone overlap in 2 points only if they are close enough. Note that any point between v1 and v2 will have its exclusion zone overlap with . As we concentrate more points denser their exclusion zones overlap more. This is also what we found with areas bounded by Jordan curves, any point inside of such a single colored boundary will have it’s exclusion zone be only a subset of the exclusion already generated by the boundary.
An efficient tessellation of space has both the exclusion zones of
Conversely if we take some infinite amount of colors and disperse them finer across their combined exclusion zone within becomes bigger.
I would like to say that I have some more concrete math of what’s happening, but I don’t and I don’t have any solid ideas for how to get there either as of now.
Just as a graph defined on a space can be contracted using the exclusion zone, it is possible to take a locally finite unit distance graph and expand the nodes to cover some space.
In order to analyze this subspace properly we will ignore the rest of the space, or consider it 0 colored.
If we embed the graph in and expand the nodes into n-balls, so that the exclusion zones of the resulting areas do not touch other areas associated with nodes that were previously unconnected, it is clear that the chromatic color stays unchanged.
Let’s take a look at this process and it’s results with the simplest possible case, a graph consisting of only 2 vertices and 1 edge.
As we can see this expanded graph is still 2-colorable. But this instance has a much more important property related to exclusion zones and dimensionality. Assume for a moment it is possible to color this area using less than 2-dimensional areas, or non-measurable sets.
We start by placing a single vertex with color 1, and already we run into a problem.
We know there is a valid 2-coloring of this subspace, so all points excluded by v need to have color 2. however is a 1-dimensional line in the second area. is a 2-dimensional area inside of our first area which needs to have color 1. Repeating these steps we clearly get right back to our initial coloring, even though we will never reach the far points.
This process also generalizes well to higher dimensions and unit distance graphs with more nodes. As long as the original graph is sufficiently restrictive the resulting subspace will still have areas that have to be single colored.
It would seem as if the most efficient coloring depends on areas, likely manifolds, which are homeomorphic to their containing space.
Using the exclusion zone one can contract a tessellation into a graph with a locally finite number of nodes, and the same chromatic number as the tessellation. I’ve been unable to find anything like this thoroughly explained in papers on graph coloring or general math sites yet, though I would reckon someone probably has done this already. For now I’ll simply call this a contracted graph as would be the case for generally finite examples.
Every continuous color area is a node in the contracted graph, and all areas that touch each other with their exclusion zones have their respective nodes connected with edges.
If we take the well known hexagonal tilling of the plane scaled to its maximum diameter and apply this process we find a 18-regular graph. For a single area/node the result looks like this:
In this instance we can see that any node will form a complete subgraph with the 6 nodes in the inner ring around it, but there certainly isn’t always such a complete subgraph. So far I’ve observed that certain colorings only have critical subgraphs with the according chromatic number, but no complete subgraph. These colorings have areas in the inner ring around a central area that do not touch each other with their exclusion zones, such as a 8-chromatic square tiling of the plane, or a 7-chromatic pentagonal tiling I’ve first seen mentioned by Aubrey de Grey, though I’m not sure if this generally holds true.
When looking into unit distance graphs (and also many other graphs) defined on a space then we typically find this fundamental premise described only in a few sentences. I felt that some generalizations on these definitions could be useful, so I came up with the exclusion zone, and applied it to the Hadwiger-Nelson problem. First we generalize for any dimensionality, and then add the ability to look at not just single vertices and what they are connected to, but whole sets.
Let be the unit distance graph of a euclidean space with dimensionality n, then our exclusion zone is:
The shape of an exclusion zone for a single vertex is always a hypersphere, and other continuous inputs maintain a somewhat similar shape.
Let’s consider 4 different monochromatic sets (denoted by v) and their respective exclusion zones, a point, a line, a 2-ball and a 2-sphere.
So far what we find in the plane is that if v is 0-dimensional, is 1-dimensional, otherwise it is 2-dimensional.
In the general case we find that for any 0-dimensional input the zone will be (n-1)-dimensional and any input with a dimensionality higher than 0 will yield an n-dimensional zone.
We also find that only the boundary of the input set matters, for example once we admit a Jordan curve with color 1, we must also color its interior the same way, otherwise we will clearly lose efficiency while gaining nothing.
The exclusion zone can also be used to determine if the containing graph space of a vertex is equal to the containing topological space.
If the graph space isn’t the same as the containing topological space we’re dealing with multiple disconnected subgraphs, such as , where for instance there is no path between 0.5 and 1, and these two vertices have no color effect on each other whatsoever.
To keep it simple, in this blog I’ll share my ideas and experiences with math, mostly regarding the Hadwiger-Nelson problem in particular. Comments and any sort of critique are welcome.