NMBR 9 ++ includes four sets of numbers 0-9, as well as twenty number cards (0-9 twice), so with this box you can play NMBR 9 with only two players. Alternatively, if you already have NMBR 9, you can now play the game with up to six players at once.
NMBR 9 ++ also includes expansion components that you can use with this box or with the original NMBR 9 game or with both combined. You have six different starting tiles, for example, with each player taking one at random before the game begins, which makes it impossible for players to build in the same patterns as one another.
You can give each player two „gap filler” tiles — one that is a single square and a second that is two squares long. You can use one or both at any point in the game when you’re placing a number tile.
You can deal out two of the six „rule breaker” cards, then give each player two cubes in a different color. During the game, if you want to use a „rule breaker” card — e.g., move a tile previously placed, place the current tile upside down, or reserve the tile for placement later — place one of your cubes on the card, then use its power. You can use each card only once.
Finally, NMBR 9 ++ includes variant rules that can be used with 1-4 players. In „2 out of 3”, you create a deck of thirty cards (0-9 thrice) and put all of the number tiles on the table. Each round, you reveal three cards one by one. Each player can place the first number tile revealed or refuse it; if they refuse it, they must place the next two number tiles; if they place it, they must refuse one of the next two tiles. In the end, everyone will place twenty number tiles, as in the basic game.
In „Level to Level”, shuffle all forty cards into a deck, place all number tiles on the table, and lay out new tokens numbered 0-4. For the first two turns, draw a card and placed it under 0; each player must place this number tile in front of them following the usual rules. For the third turn, flip a card into both the 0 slot and 1 slot; the tile showing under 0 can be placed only on the ground level and the tile under 1 can be placed only on the first level. You can refuse to place either or both tiles.
Once a player has two tiles on the first level, next turn flip a card under slots 0, 1, and 2, with the latter number tile being placed only on the second level. Continue play until the deck runs out or you can’t flip enough cards to start a turn.


Applying the Golden Ratio to Design
Graphic Design is subjective and can be interpreted differently by every living being. Although there is no one-size-fits-all approach, there is a concrete, mathematical theory that can help us get one step closer to creating amazing design experiences every time. This is known as the Golden Ratio.
So what is the Golden Ratio?
Also referred to as the Golden Section, Golden Mean, Divine Proportion, or the Greek letter Phi, the Golden Ratio is a unique mathematical relationship that is used to determine absolute perfection. With an approximate proportion of 1.618, it stems from the Fibonacci sequence, which is the sum of the two numbers before it. For example, 0, 1,1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, and so forth. From this sequence, the Greeks developed the Golden Ratio to better express the difference between any two numbers. This is how it can be applied to circles, rectangles and triangles:
In its simplest form, the Golden Ratio is the relationship between two or more elements. From flowers to shells and from galaxies to oceanic waves, the formation of the Golden Ratio is present across all aspects of life. See example below of the Mona Lisa, which was painted according to the principles of the Golden Ratio:
How can the Golden Ratio be applied to Graphic Design?
When the Golden Ratio is specifically applied to graphic design, it creates an organic, balanced, and aesthetically-pleasing composition. Although its application is not always intentional, it is important for designers to understand and acknowledge it in order to maximize scale and effectively establish focal points.
Whether you’re a graphic designer, illustrator or digital artist, the Golden Ratio can be used to bring harmony and structure to your projects and can assist with creating shapes, logos, layouts, and so forth.
Although graphic design is often driven by instinct and creativity, the Golden Ratio uses mathematics to completely transform artworks. Whether your focus is on image-making, layout, typography or logo design, the underlying principles of the Fibonacci sequence can serve as an excellent starting point for any artwork.
Author: Nicolette Ashman


Schools are full of cutoffs: how many credits you need to graduate, the test score you need to avoid summer school or to get out of ESL class, how many checks next to your name on the board before you get sent to the principal’s office.
There is an increasingly popular evaluation design called Regression Discontinuity that makes use of cutoffs. The idea is to compare the kids right above the cutoff with those right below the cutoff, using regression to control for their difference in score. While, for example, you would expect the kids who got sent to summer school because they flunked the end-of-year math test to do worse in next year’s math course than the kids who passed, if you compare the outcomes of the kids who just barely flunked with the kids who just barely passed, and control for their test score, you can get a good picture of whether summer school helped them. Because kids can’t control if they get one point under or one point over the cutoff score very well, this design (in theory) might neutralize some of the unobserved differences in who enters a program, without the sturm und drang of making schools randomly assign some kids to summer school and some kids to summer vacation who got the exact same score on the test.
It’s a good enough study design in its way, but what if the important policy isn’t the program you are testing, but the cutoff itself? For example, one of the big controversies in math education (as I understand it) has long been how many kids can benefit from a full year of Algebra in middle school , with some zealots claiming that everyone can take it just fine, and the City of San Francisco deciding recently that if some kids can’t take Algebra in middle school, nobody can, and then taking its toys and going home.
A valuable use of federal research money, I think, would be to proffer grants to a reasonably large group of districts to agree to randomly agree to a test score cutoff for taking Algebra in middle school, each district assigned to a single cutoff across a wideish but reasonable range. Call it “random cutoff regression discontinuity.” It might make some people mad (what education policy or study doesn’t?) but it would tell us something useful about what works well for whom.
Of course, it would require an explicit acknowledgement that the appropriate course for kids varies depending on ability– a fact that literally everyone in education agrees on implicitly (thus the ubiquitous use of cutoffs) but no one likes to say.


The game show host problem which is also called as ‘Monty Hall Problem’ is one of the classic math puzzle, which best explains the odds of probability. A game show host and a player (you/me) are the ones who are involved in this puzzle.
The puzzle has 3 doors out of which 2 doors will have nothing in it and 1 door will have the treasure, which the user is intended to find. The game show host first asks the player to pick a random door. Let’s say the player picks the door number 1. Now, the game show host opens door number 3 and reveals that the 3rd door has nothing in it. After which, the host asks the player whether he/she likes to change the answer.
Let’s get into the math now, before answering the host’s question.
Considering the initial odds that the user had which is 33.33% chance of hitting the correct door, which has the treasure. Now, how I got this 33.33%? Alright, let’s say there is only 1 door, which has the treasure, and the host asks to pick the door that has the treasure. Now, that there is only 1 door, there is no choice for you/me to pick the wrong door. Which gives the probability of finding the correct door is 100% (1 out of 1 door). In case of 2 doors, the probability reduces to 50% (1 out of 2 doors) and 33.33% in case of 3 doors. That’s how I got the 33.33%
Now that we know the initial odds, let’s check the new odds after the host asks the player if he/she wishes to change the door. There are only 2 possible answers to this question. You can either change the door or stick with the door that you/me chose initially. Let’s check the probabilities for either of these answers, so that we can understand how the odds change based on the choice that we make.
It’s easy to assume that the odds to finding the right door after the question is 50%. Coz’, after the opening the 3rd door, we only have 2 doors to open out of which 1 door has the treasure, which makes the probability to 50%. However, what we are ignoring here is the initial odds (probability). Let’s see how the initial probability changes the odds of the outcome of the host’s question.
Let’s first assume that we are not changing the door and we are sticking with the door # 1. In which case, the chances of winning the treasure is still 33.33%. Which means, whether or not the host asks the question, we are not using it effectively to increase our chances to win. The probabilities before and after the question still stays the same and that means we had 33.33% chance to win the prize and we have the same percentage of probability now.
Now, what happens if we change the door? We know that door # 3 has nothing, so if we plan to change door now, we have nothing else but door # 2. Considering the initial odds (33.33%), let’s calculate the odds of winning the treasure now. Though, the door with nothing in it (door # 3) was opened, we now have a choice to open 2 doors instead of 1 door if we change our answer. Door # 3 is already open, and we are opening door # 2. Otherwise, we are opening only 1 door (door # 1) irrespective of the door already opened. Meaning, the host has already given us an extra 33.33% by opening the door with nothing in it and if we change the door now to door # 2, we have a 66.67% chance of hitting the right door (opening 2 out of 3 doors).
Remember, no host wants the player to win. So, the host is always going to open the door with nothing in it, coz’ there are 2 doors which has nothing in it, which means irrespective of whether you pick the correct treasure door or a wrong door, the host will always have the option to pick the door which has nothing in it.
It’s was quite hard to explain this problem in plain text than I thought, but if you get this right. Watch out for the odds next time!


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By Haim Baruh
Analytical Dynamics offers a good and balanced description of dynamics difficulties and formulations. From the classical easy methods to the more recent concepts utilized in modern day advanced and multibody environments, this article indicates how these methods supplement one another. The textual content starts off via introducing the reader to the fundamental ideas in mechanics. those innovations are brought on the particle mechanics point. The textual content then extends those strategies to structures of debris, inflexible our bodies (plane movement and 3D), and frivolously versatile our bodies. The cornerstone variational ideas of mechanics are built and they're utilized to debris, inflexible our bodies, and deformable our bodies. via this process, scholars are uncovered to a common circulate of the techniques utilized in dynamics.
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The radial direclion is defined as outward from the origin of the coordinate system to the projection of the particle on the x xv plane. plane. The The associated associated unit vector is referred to as er. The transverse direction is perpendicular to the raEssentially, the radial and dial direction and it is denoted by (9, with unit vector transverse directions are obtained by rotating the x and v axes counterclockwise by and k form a mutually orthogonal triad, 0 about the z axis. The unit vectors with e,.
12. The parameters describing the path are the absolute distance from the origin of the coordinate system to the particle, denoted by R, and two angles 0 and referred to as the polar and azi,nuthal angles, respectively. Note that the parameter R used here is different from the parameter R used in cylindrical coordinates. The principal directions are referred to as the radial, polai; and azimuthal. The radial direction is defined as outward from the origin to the particle. The corresponding unit vector is denoted by eR.
Equation [fj gives the relation for the rate of change of the radial distance as a function of the radial distance itself. In a similar fashion, we can come up with an expression thr the magnitude of' the acceleration. 12 Spherical Coordinates When neither one of the components of the motion is from the other and a path-related coordinate system is needed, spherical coordinates coordinates are are suitable. suitable. The The configuration configuration of this coordinate system is shown in Fig.


Whenever you see your child not doing so well in certain subjects like mathematics, you should find out how you would help them. From math signs to algebra, it’s hard for a child to perform well if they don’t have a good math tutor. If a child registers in their mind that the formulas, letters, symbols, and equations involved in math are difficult, they find the subject unfriendly or niggling. It’s important to bear some factors in mind even as you surf through the internet to get a competent online math tutor.
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Everyday math site
This is the official site for our textbook series. Students have their passwords taped inside of their assignment notebooks.
This site has various games to review all 4th grade math skills.
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Play timed 30 second flashcard games.
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This site has tutorials and games for all 4th grade TEKS. If you're confused about something, or want to review a skill, check this out!
Use this slide show lesson to help understand equivalency in fractions
Games to play reinforcing many different fraction concepts.
This game reinforces Equivalent Fractions.


1 edition of A general method for evaluation of functions and computations in a digital computer found in the catalog.
A general method for evaluation of functions and computations in a digital computer
Milos Dragutin Ercegovac
by Dept. of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in Urbana
Written in English
|Other titles||A general method for evaluation of functions and computations ...|
|Statement||by Milos D. Ercegovac|
|Series||Report (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Dept. of Computer Science) -- no. 750, Report (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Dept. of Computer Science) -- no. 750.|
|LC Classifications||QA76 .I4 no. 750, QA355 .I4 no. 750|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||vii leaves, 109 p. :|
|Number of Pages||109|
Numerical Verification Methods and Computer-Assisted Proofs for Partial Differential Equations, () Interval-valued Data Clustering based on the Range City Block metric. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), Numerical Methods provides a clear and concise exploration of standard numerical analysis topics, as well as nontraditional ones, including mathematical modeling, Monte Carlo methods, Markov chains, and fractals. Filled with appealing examples that will motivate students, the textbook considers modern application areas, such as information retrieval and animation, and classical topics Reviews: 9.
A general hardware-oriented method for evaluation of functions and computations in a digital computer MD Ercegovac IEEE Transactions on Computers, , Return to: Top of this page. Book Reviews. Review of: Computer Arithmetic: Algorithms and Hardware Designs (B. Parhami, Oxford) Appeared in ACM Computing Reviews, Oct. (discovered by the author in August ). Reviewer: Peter Turner. Computer arithmetic (G), General (B ), Algorithms, Design. This well-organized text for a course in computer arithmetic at the senior.
“Digital Equipment Corp. had microprocessor technology, but its business model could not profitably sell a computer for less than $50, The technology trapped in a high-cost business model had no impact on the world, and in fact, the world ultimately killed Digital. Ph.D. Dissertation: A General Method for Evaluation of Functions and Com-putations in a Digital Computer (U. of Illinois, DCS Technical Report No. , ). The Okawa Foundation: E cient Schemes for Fast Computation of Inferences in Bayesian Networks, Best paper award: M.D. Ercegovac and J.-M. Muller, Complex Square Root.
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An illustration of an open book. Books. An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video An illustration of an audio speaker. A general method for evaluation of functions and computations in a digital computer Item Preview remove-circle Share or Embed This : A General Hardware-Oriented Method for Evaluation of Functions and Computations in a Digital Computer Abstract: A parallel computational method, amenable for efficient hardware-level implementation, is described.
It provides a simple and fast algorithm for the evaluation of polynomials, certain rational functions and arithmetic expressions Cited by: A parallel computational method, amenable for efficient hardware-level implementation, is described. It provides a simple and fast algorithm for the evaluation of polynomials, certain rational functions and arithmetic expressions, solving a class of systems of linear equations, or performing the basic arithmetic operations in a fixed-point number representation by: A General Hardware-Oriented Method for Evaluation of Functions and Computations in a Digital Computer Article (PDF Available) in IEEE Transactions on Computers C(7) Author: Milos Ercegovac.
Some digit-by-digit methods for the evaluation of the elementary functions are described. The methods involve processes that resemble repeated-addition multiplication and repeated-subtraction division. Consequently, the methods are easy to implement and the resultant execution times are short.
A fast CORDIC algorithm and the resulting VLSI architecture for the evaluation of trigonometric functions are disclosed. The new method employs signed digits to represent intermediate operands and requires a constant scaling or normalization factor which can be pre-computed and made available in read-only hardware for any desired target precision (i.e., word length).
This project proposes an automatic method for the evaluation of functions via polynomial or rational approximations and their hardware implementations, on FPGAs. The approximations are evaluated using Ercegovac's iterative E-method 1 2 adapted for state-of-the.
A general method for evaluation of functions and computations in digital computer. M.D. Ercegovac. Proc. of the 3rd IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic, pagesOn-line algorithms for division and multiplication.
K.S. Trivedi and M.D. Ercegovac. Proc. of the 3rd IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic, pagesThe EAI HYDAC is a hybrid computer consisting of two parts: a general purpose analog computer and the DOS, a digital operations system containing logic, storage, and interface components.
A HYDAC simulation program is an extension of the work performed on the ARAP hybrid facility with certain modified iterations. This paper treats the evaluation of one of the elementary functions on short wordlength computers. The setting is a binary fixed point short wordlength (8–16 bits) machine where the intent is to suggest improvements in ROM- or microcode-based software which include the square root function as part of a more general mathematical software library or for special computation in real-time.
Numerical analysis is the study of algorithms that use numerical approximation (as opposed to symbolic manipulations) for the problems of mathematical analysis (as distinguished from discrete mathematics).Numerical analysis naturally finds application in all fields of engineering and the physical sciences, but in the 21st century also the life sciences, social sciences, medicine, business and.
Different types of data can be stored in the computer system. This includes numeric data, text, executable files, images, audio, video, etc. all Network Topology categories This book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License Preface This lab manual provides an introduction to digital logic, starting with simple gates and building up to state machines.
Students should have a solid understanding of algebra as well as a rudimentary understanding of basic. Postley A Method for the Evaluation of a System of Boolean Algebraic Equations Stefan Bergman Tables for the Determination of Fundamental Solutions of Equations in the Theory of Compressible Fluids.
On the Numerical Evaluation of the Stokes* Stream Function 1. Introduction. In the study of axially symmetric problems in fluid dynamics, the Stokes' stream function, that is, the function which satisfies (LI) UZX-Uy + Uyy = 0, J ^ 0, y is of considerable interest.
This function is constant on the streamlines. such as sqrt, exp, ln, sin, cos, and more generally functions deﬁned by power series or continued fractions. Of course, the computation of special functions is a huge topic so we have had to be selective.
In particular, we have concentrated on methods that are efﬁcient and suitable for arbitrary-precision computations. Part VI covers function evaluation, beginning with the important special case of square-rooting and moving on to coordinate rotation digital computer, or CORDIC, algorithms, followed by general convergence and approximation methods, including the use of lookup tables.
Because a digital computer performs its computations on numbers, some method of electronically representing numbers must be used to enter data into the computer and to manipulate the data internally.
Most data representation systems that are used with digital computers require only the gross recognition of the presence or absence of data.
An analog computer or analogue computer is a type of computer that uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved.
In contrast, digital computers represent varying quantities symbolically and by discrete values of both time and amplitude. Analog computers can have a very wide range of. M.D. Ercegovac, “A general hardware-oriented method for evaluation of functions and computations in a digital computer”, PhD thesis, Dept.
of Computer Science. Universisty of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Google Scholar. Computer methods. Since the era of mechanical machines that played rook and king endings and electrical machines that played other games like hex (game) in the early years of the 20th century, scientists and theoreticians have sought to develop a procedural representation of how humans learn, remember, think and apply knowledge, and the game of chess, because of its daunting complexity.
CORDIC (for COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer), also known as Volder's algorithm, including Circular CORDIC (Jack E. Volder), Linear CORDIC, Hyperbolic CORDIC (John Stephen Walther), and Generalized Hyperbolic CORDIC (GH CORDIC) (Yuanyong Luo et al.), is a simple and efficient algorithm to calculate trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, square roots, multiplications, divisions, and.Derivations are given for each of the methods showing how the transport equation is reduced to sets of algebraic equations suitable for solution on a digital computer.
The limitations of the methods and their suitability for different classes of problems are discussed in terms of computer memory, time requirements, and accuracy.}, doi.


KT,0 is the isothermal bulk modulus [Wiki] at zero P. Its definition is:
or more strictly,
By integrating Eq. (3), we have:
The integral constant C is determined from the condition that V = V0 at P = 0:
By substituting Eq. (4) into Eq. (3), we have:
Eq. (5) is the simplest EOS. However, it is not applicable for our interest, because materials become more incompressive due to compression, or with increasing P. Therefore, we need an EOS in which KT,0 increases with P.
It is noted that, although some literature shows a line for the simplest EOS in the V/V0 - P space, it is incorrect, as is seen from Eq. (5). The blue curve of Fig. 1 (below) shows the V/V0 against P by the simplest EOS. Of course, the intersection of the tangential line of the simplest EOS with the P axis shows KT,0.
Fig. 1. The V/V0 - P relations by the simplest EOS (blue) and Murnaghan linear EOS (orange). Note that the relation by the simplest EOS is also curved and deviated from the


The young mathematician: Easy difficulty
The young mathematician: Easy difficulty is a math game with easy difficulty. In the game you will have to answer simple equations with addition or subtraction. The game can have minimum numbers of -100 and maximum numbers of 100. This game is suitable for both students and adults (to refresh their knowledge). The game is given 120 seconds, you have to make the maximum number of correct answers during this time. If you answered incorrectly, then the total score will be reduced by 1 point. The main menu will show the best score for the entire game.


Numerical modelling expertise
Open Ocean has a strong expertise in several numerical modelling tools on structured and unstructured grids (Wavewatch III, Telemac, Tomawac, Mars, Gerris). With these tools, Open Ocean can produce long ocean currents, wave and wind numerical simulations.
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Statistical Analysis toolbox
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Preliminary metocean analysis reports with key information, maps, tables and graphs are generated in a few clicks by the Metocean Analytics solution through the combination of several web technology bricks.


Tanner Dulay is a PhD student at UCLA where he combines mathematical models and experiments to try to understand what makes complex ecosystems stable. He previously studied the behavior and evolution of salamanders, then helped with a project to predict how climate change will affect plants and animals in California. Along the way he became fascinated with how we can use math to make sense of the ways that organisms interact in nature. In this talk he details how ecologists have used simple clay models to find out how a common backyard salamander is evolving right before our eyes.
Watch Tanner’s Talk:


Learn more about the basic concepts behind the MoneySwitch protocol.
Specific transactions, such as deposits, withdrawals, liquidity requests, and liquidity repayments will trigger updates to the internal mechanics of the system. This approach is efficient, as it ensures that necessary changes to the system's state only occurs when required.
A transaction ether succeeds entirely, or fails completely. This is important when maintaining consistency and reliability. If any part of the transaction fails, or meets an error, the entire transaction is rolled back, and the state remains unchanged.
For any FeederPool, the sum of all FeederPool Units (FU), held by all depositors in that FeederPool will equal the total number of FeederPool Units for that FeederPool. For any transaction t, we can write the Total FeederPool Units (TFU) as:
where D is the number of Depositors, in FeederPool i.
Similarly, the sum of all MasterPool Units (MU), held by all FeederPools connected to that MasterPool, will equal the total number of MasterPool Units. For any transaction t, we can write the Total MasterPool Units (TMU) as:
where F is the total number of FeederPools.
The FeederPool Value is equal to the share of MasterPool Units it has, multiplied by the total MasterPool Value (MPV). For any transaction t, we can write the FeederPool Value as:
for any given FeederPool i.
Similarly, the Depositor Value (DV) is a function of a depositor's share of FeederPool Units they have, multiplied by the FeederPool Value. For ay transaction t, we can write the Depositor Value as:
for any depositor a, who has a deposit in FeederPool i.
We can substitute FV into the equation above. This equation shows that the Depositor Value is a function of the depositor's share in the FeederPool, the FeederPool's share in the MasterPool, and the MasterPool Value.
For example, if a depositor owns 10% of a FeederPool, and the FeederPool owns 20% of a MasterPool, and the MasterPool is worth $1,000,000, then the depositor’s value will be worth $20,000.
When a transaction occurs which updates the system, the MasterPool Value is increased by the amount of interest earned by the system since the last transaction. This adjustment is performed prior to any other calculations, ensuring the utilization of the most accurate and up-to-date MasterPool Value. The amount of interest earned is calculated as follows:
where poolShare is the portion of interest earned by MasterPool. The following equations demonstrate that when the MasterPool Value is increased by the interest earned since the last transaction, depositors benefit from a proportional share of this interest.


| EVANS BIG SIX WHEEL
or JUMBO DICE WHEEL>
|Our Jumbo Dice Wheel (Big Six) is so well known that detailed description is not neccessay. No Clubroom is complete without it. It offers the operator a handsome percentage and is a very popular play getter. Wheel is 60 inches in diameter, mounted on an 8 foot post. Face of the wheel is covered wsith glass with ornamental metal trim, handsomely plated. This same style of wheel also supplied in our 32 inche size.|
Big Six or Jumbo Dice is a wheel presentation of Chuck-a-Luck. It could better be described as Chuck-a-Luck on steroids.
Chuck-a-Luck, commonly called the bird cage, is the game where three dice are tumbled inside a wire cage shaped like an hour glass. The dice tumble from end to end when the cage is spun. As in Big Six, the layout bears the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. After the spin, if the player's number appears on one die, he gets even money. If it appears on two dice, he gets paid off at 2 to 1. If his number appears on all three dice, he is paid off at 3 to 1.
"Three winners and three losers every time," is the way the game is explained. If one dollar is bet on each of the six numbers, and the result of the spin is 1 - 2 - 3, each of them win a dollar while 4 - 5 - 6 each loses a dollar. What could be fairer?
There are 216 possible combinations with three dice (6*6*6). Of the 216 combinations, 120 are no pair combinations (6*5*4); 90 single and a pair combinations (6*5*2) and 6 are triples. If we played one dollar on each number for the 216 possible outcomes, we would break even 120 times, lose one dollar 90 times and lose two dollars six times. Total wagered, $1,296; total lost $96; percentage for operator, 7.407%.
The Big Six wheel has 54 spaces. Only six of these spaces are dead even with three different numbers. Of the remaining 48 spaces, 24 have three of a kind and 24 contain a pair. Total wagers, one dollar per number, 54 outcomes, $324. Total losses, 24 @ $1 and 24 and $2; $72. Percentage for the operator, 22.22% -- the steroids. Some depression-era slot machines paid better than that.
The Big Six Wheel is presented not only by outdoor amusement parks and carnivals, but also by modern casinos. The last Big Six Wheel I saw was at Grand Casino Coushatta, Kinder, LA.
One of dice wheels below will be auctioned at the Cody, Wyoming Western Auction on June 26, 2003.
The Horse wheel displays odds in a top box on the post. This particular wheel contains ten odds cards with the following values in order: 4, 6, 10, 5, 4, 6, 5, 10, 3, 8. The average payout would be 6.1 which means the house percantage is 39%. I do not know if this wheel is typical or if it has been modified by its owner to yield such a high percentage. If someone has that information, please let me know.
As the big wheel is spun, a gear drives a rod which goes up the stand into the box. It drives the counterweights as shown and spins the odds wheel. As the counterweights drop, the lock catches the next odds tab.


RALEIGH — The North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (NCDPI) has secured a $7.9 million grant from the U.S. Department of Education to enhance math education in rural schools through the Education Innovation and Research (EIR) grant program.
NCDPI’s initiative, known as Patterns for Reaching and Impacting Students in Math (PRISM), will involve 300 upper elementary educators in a five-year professional learning program.
The goal is to improve math scores, particularly among historically marginalized groups, STEM students, those in the lowest achievement quartile, and those from low-income backgrounds.
“North Carolina teachers in rural areas often do not have access to a robust network of peers in their grade level and subject area,” state Superintendent Catherine Truitt said in a statement. “Instead of attending one workshop and being left to implement what they learn on their own, educators who participate in PRISM will work with coaches and other teachers, both in person and virtually, over the course of two academic years.”
“This will allow them to implement targeted interventions and instructional strategies in their classrooms, assess their efficacy and revise them to better meet students’ needs – resulting in a demonstrable impact on student learning,” said Truitt.
The program, developed by Carnegie Learning, provides individualized instructional support to teachers in rural areas, addressing the lack of peer networks. The initiative, administered with the help of WestEd, aims to impact student learning by implementing targeted interventions and instructional strategies.
PRISM is part of the broader $277 million EIR grant program, which seeks to address pandemic-related learning loss.
Similar to the rest of the nation, North Carolina has seen a decline in math scores post-COVID, especially among minority students. The project emphasizes the importance of early math education, aiming to reduce disparities and prepare students for success in both school and future careers.
In a September 2023 interview with North State Journal, Truitt expressed concern about student achievement in math for North Carolina students and that issues with math predated the pandemic.
Truitt said to address math achievement issues, “we have to shed some legacy thinking around the importance of math.”
“We are living in a society where we have normalized deficits in basic math skills,” Truitt said. “And we’re living in a society where jobs by 2030 are going to require a significant amount of computer science, A.I. — all kinds of skills that involve being proficient in math.”
Truitt said there needs to be a comprehensive goal of algebra I readiness since it is a “gateway course” to higher math classes and that North Carolina needs to mandate an early screener for elementary math similar to programs that are in use for reading.


Johannes Kepler was born on December 27, 1571, in Weil der Stadt, Wurttemberg, in what is now Germany. His father, a mercenary soldier, left the family when Kepler was five. Historians believe his father died soon afterwards. His mother was the daughter of an innkeeper and Johannes was put to work at the inn at a young age. Despite his poverty, he was able to attend Latin School at Maulbronn and at the age of twelve, enrolled in a Protestant Seminary in Adelberg. He earned a scholarship to the Lutheran University of Tübingen in 1589. By the time he received an M.A. in theology there in 1591 he had read of the Copernican model of the universe that stated the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the Universe. Intrigued by this view, he decided to change his major studies to mathematics and astronomy. In 1594, he left the University to become a mathematics tutor in Graz, Austria where he continued his interest in astronomy. In 1596, he wrote the first influential defense of the Copernican system, the Mysterium Cosmographicum (The Sacred Mystery of the Cosmos).
In 1600, Kepler was forced out of his teaching post at Graz due to his Lutheran faith, and moved to Prague to work for the renowned Danish astronomer, Tycho Brahe. In 1601 Tycho died, and Kepler inherited his post as Imperial Mathematician to the Hapsburg Emperor. Using the precise data that Tycho had collected, Kepler discovered that the orbit of Mars was an ellipse, the first step towards his formulation of the laws of planetary motion. In 1606, he published De Stella Nova (Concerning the New Star) on a supernova (new star) that had appeared two years before. In 1609, Kepler published his book Astronomia Nova (New Astronomy) , which contained his first two laws of planetary motion. Due to his detailed calculations and data, some credit Kepler with the creation of what is now known as the scientific method.
In 1610, Kepler learned of Galileo’s use of the newly invented telescope in astronomy, which inspired him to build his own telescope. Later that year Kepler published a confirmation of Galileo’s observations of Jupiter’s moons, the Narratio de Observatis Quatuor Jovis Satellitibus (Narration about Four Satellites of Jupiter observed) , which lent further support to the Copernican model. In 1611, Kepler published Dioptrice, the first scientific discussion of the telescope.
Kepler lost his post in 1612 as Imperial Mathematician when Lutherans were expelled from Prague. He moved to Linz, Austria but had to return often to Wurttemberg where he successfully defended his mother against charges of witchcraft. In 1619, he published Harmonices Mundi (Harmony of the Worlds) , which contained his third law of planetary motion. In spite of more personal tragedies and the religious strife of the Thirty Years War, (1618-1648) Kepler continued his research, publishing the seven-volume Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae (Epitome of Copernican Astronomy) in 1621. This important work played a major role in the eventual acceptance of Copernicus’ theories.
In 1627, Kepler completed the Rudolphine Tables, begun by Tycho Brae the previous century. These included calculations using logarithms, which Kepler developed, and provided perpetual tables for calculating planetary positions for any past or future date, forming the most concrete proof yet for the Copernican model of the Universe. Kepler also used the tables to predict a pair of transits by Mercury and Venus of the Sun, although he did not live long enough to witness the events.
Johannes Kepler died in Regensburg, Germany on November 15, 1630. His grave there was destroyed in 1632 by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years War. In poor health most of his life, and caught up in the religious turmoil of the Reformation, Kepler’s accomplishments as an astronomer, physicist, and mathematician seem even more remarkable. His greatest feat in astronomy was his explanation of planetary motion, which has earned him the title “founder of celestial mechanics” as he was the first person to identify “natural laws” in the modern sense. He was the first to prove that the ocean’s tides are due to the Moon’s gravity and pioneered the use of stellar parallax caused by the Earth’s orbit to measure the distance to the stars. Kepler was also the first to suggest that the Sun rotates about its axis, and coined the word “satellite.”
Kepler’s book Astronomia Pars Optica (the Optical Part of Astronomy) has earned him the title “founder of modern optics,” while his work Stereometria Doliorum Vianiaorum (The Stereometry of Wine Barrels) forms the basis of integral calculus. A devout Lutheran, he derived the birth year of Christ that is now universally accepted, and was the first to derive logarithms purely based on mathematics. Johannes Kepler’s most influential accomplishments in astronomy were his three Laws of Planetary Motion, which were used by Isaac Newton to develop his theory of universal gravitation:
-Kepler’s First Law: The planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at a focus.
-Kepler’s Second Law: In their orbits around the sun, the planets sweep out equal areas in equal times.
-Kepler’s Third Law: The squares of the times to complete one orbit are proportional to the cubes of the average distances from the sun.
Kepler Crater on the Moon, Kepler Crater on Mars, asteroid 1134 Kepler, and Supernova 1604 are all named in his honor, as is the Kepler Space Observatory, NASA’s first planetary detection mission, which is due to be launched in October 2008. The Johannes Kepler University of Linz is also named for him.


A presentation of detailed theory and computer programs which can be used for stress analysis. The roles of fea are discussed from the perspectives of problemsolving processes, decomposition of analysis complexity, and computer aided engineering. Finite elements in analysis and design journal elsevier. Its a bit briskterse and if you dont have a mathy background you might want a different text. This book presents 20 different chapters in the application of finite elements, ranging from biomedical engineering to manufacturing industry and. Two planes from infinitesimal distance away and parallel to each other were made to pass through the body, an elementary slice would be isolated. This page describes the module that will start in november 2020. Isbn9788120323155 the export rights of this book are vested solely with the publisher. The finite element method fem is the most widely used method for solving problems of. Choose from used and new textbooks or get instant access with etextbooks and digital materials. Fem is simple, compact and resultoriented and hence widely popular among engineering community. The application of the method to transient problems is also touched upon. Enthusiastic engineers and managers who want to refresh or update the knowledge on fea are encountered with volume of published books.
Over the past four decades, finite element analysis fea has become easier to use and implement, enabling engineering designers to carry out more effective simulations. It follows on from matrix methods and finite difference methods of analysis, which. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the. Segerlind to be a very good text for explaining the basics of fem to those starting to learn the method.
Need help picking out a finite element analysis book. You are at right place, here we have collected some of the best books from different sources. Anyone who wishes to have a clear understanding of fem basics, and also the practical aspects, this is a must and should. Reddy 1993, an introduction to the finite element method, mcgrawhill. This book is a great book, it is a great reference for those who are seeking to understand the finite element theory. This book is referred to a number of times in one of the texts.
The finite element method wiley online books wiley online library. Browse the worlds largest ebookstore and start reading today on the web, tablet, phone, or ereader. Elements may have physical properties such as thickness. Unique in approach and content, this book presents the theory of finite element analysis, explores its application as a designmodeling tool, and explains in detail how to use ansys intelligently and effectively. Finite element analysis is an engineering method for the numerical analysis of complex structures. Availability of large number of computer software packages and literature makes fem a versatile and powerful numerical method. The book is an online library of useful information regarding finite element analysis, such as howtos and engineering theory. Jun 22, 2014 i found applied finite element analysis, 2nd. Hi guys, i would really appreciate your recommendations for fea books specifically for performing fea with matlab. Practical stress analysis with finite elements 2nd edition. In the fem, the structural system is modeled by a set of appropriate finite elements interconnected at discrete points called nodes. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.
Dec 03, 20 which book is good for finite element analysis. Introduction to finite element analysis using solidworks. Finite element analysis an overview sciencedirect topics. In the first instance this results in an infinite set of equations, which is then reduced to a finite set. The primary goal of introduction to finite element analysis using solidworks simulation 2017 is to introduce the aspects of finite element analysis fea that are important to engineers and designers. The finite element formulations are developed through easytofollow derivations for the analysis of plane stress or strain and axisymmetric solid, platebending, three dimensional solid and shell problems. We expect it to start for the last time in november 2022. Finite element analysis a e f essentially, fea is a faster way to get results to problems that are harder to solve.
Finite element analysis fea is one of the most important tools in an engineer or designers arsenal of digital tools for design and analysis of products and processes. Covers the core fundamentals, without going deep into mathematics. Finite element method fem finite element analysis fea. Lecture notes finite element analysis of solids and. Our interactive player makes it easy to find solutions to finite element analysis 4th edition problems youre working on just go to the chapter for your book. It is a fully computerised process which uses different formulations to calculate displacements, stresses and strains under different types of loads. Finite element analysis fea hand book for mechanical engineers with ansys tutorials wael altabey on. The aim of this journal is to provide ideas and information involving the use of the finite element method and its variants, both in scientific inquiry and in professional practice. A textbook for undergraduate engineering students and professionals in the field new to finite element analysis. Can anyone suggest any books on finite element analysis.
Steadystate, transient, and dynamic conditions are considered. The homework and a term project for graduate students involve use of the. Extensive finite element examples are provided covering a wide range of topics. Now uses excel in solving simple finit while many authors cover the theory of finite element modeling, this is the only book available that incorporates ansys as an. Formulation of the finite element methodlinear analysis in solid. The concept of finite element analysis, finding properties of various elements and assembling stiffness equation is developed systematically by splitting the subject into various chapters. Theoretical aspects of fea are also introduced as they are needed to help better understand the operation. The concept of finite element analysis, finding properties of various elements and assembling stiffness equation is developed systematically by splitting the. This free course introduces the finite element method and instils the need for comprehensive evaluation and checking when interpreting results. Mar 29, 1999 moaveni presents the theory of finite element analysis, explores its application as a designmodeling tool, and explains in detail how to use ansys intelligently and effectively.
Buy practical finite element analysis book online at low. Download ebooks of the finite element method in engineering. Yes excellent book for all type of fea analysis and i am using this. The objective of this book is to introduce the various aspects of finite element method as applied to engineering problems in a systematic manner. Save this book to read practical finite element analysis nitin s gokhale pdf ebook at our online library. Frequently, a second edition of a book is significantly more voluminous than the first. Although these examples are based on ansys, they can be applied to other software with necessary modifications.
I have little experience working with cfd and elect. Additional information can be found through presentations given during femci meetings. The interpolation functions and models used in finite element analysis are presented in this chapter. Finite element analysis of antennas and arrays university of. What are the advantages and disadvantages of finite. I will try to explain both the books needed and also the best process to start learning fea from the point of view of a mechanical engineer, especially one dealing with solid mechanics problems. Practical stress analysis with finite elements 2nd edition mac donald, bryan j.
With the authors experience of teaching the courses on finite element analysis to undergraduate and postgraduate students for several years, the author felt need for writing this book. Before that, let me introduce you to the concept of finite element analysis. Mar 31, 2017 the primary goal of introduction to finite element analysis using solidworks simulation 2017 is to introduce the aspects of finite element analysis fea that are important to engineers and designers. Download this book the finite element method in engineering by s. J davies book is written at an introductory level, developing all the necessary concepts where required. Practical stress analysis with finite elements 2nd. The main objective of finite element analysis is to predict the performance of physical products in real world applications.
The book also helps readers understand how to form stress tensors, understand the properties of materials and prepare. Useful repository of information on nonlinear finite elements. What is the best book to start learning finite element. Im a big fan of belytschko, liu, and moran nonlinear finite elements for continua and structures the book is theoretically on nonlinear fem, but it has a good introduction to solid mechanics and to linear fem.
Femci finite element modeling continuous improvement at. Practical stress analysis with finite elements by bryan j. Through its chapters the reader will have access to works related to biomedical engineering, materials engineering, process analysis and. Get practical finite element analysis nitin s gokhale pdf file for free from our online library. The finite element method in engineering sciencedirect. This book bridges the gap between the finite element analysis tools and analysis of composite structures. Browse and download finite element analysis books of various titles, written by many authors and published by a number of publications for free in pdf format.
Best of all, they are entirely free to find, use and download, so there is no cost or stress at all. Oct 02, 2019 introduction to finite element analysis introduction. Moaveni presents the theory of finite element analysis, explores its application as a designmodeling tool, and explains in detail how to use ansys intelligently and effectively. The right answer really depends some on what youre doing and what your background is. Part of the fluid mechanics and its applications book series fmia, volume 49. It provides examples, codes, and exercises to connect the theory of the this second edition has two parts.
Buy practical finite element analysis book online at best prices in india on. In search of best books on finite element analysis. This book constitutes the first volume in a twovolume set that introduces readers to the theoretical foundations and the implementation of the finite element method. The extended finite element method xfem is a numerical technique based on the generalized finite element method gfem and the partition of unity method pum. Book by macmillan publishers aus, organizational direct support and general support.
Shape function acoustic pressure acoustic radiation trial solution exterior. I purchased up and running with autodesk inventor professional 20 by wasim younis and did not find it helpful. This provides the student a better perspective on the technique and its wide range of applications. This book has sample programs and discusses a variety of topics in applying the fem to finding solutions. Finite element analysis represents a numerical technique for finding approximate solutions to partial differential equations as well as integral equations, permitting the numerical analysis of complex structures based on their material properties. Analysis and modeling of infinite and finite phasedarray antennas. The finite element method has undergone a major development from a detailed mathematical background for writing tailor made. After getting familiar with the first two books, which will provide both practical and theoretical aspects, nitin gokhale et als practical finite element analysis is a book that provides the most practical usage guidelines to follow in fea with a software tool. Popular finite elements books goodreads share book.
Finite element method in structural mechanics wikipedia. Download the finite element method with an introduction. Universities press, 2004 computeraided engineering 253 pages. Practical finite element analysis from finite to infinite altair.
Introduces the technique using the generalpurpose finite element computer program, ansys. This approach reflects the current trend as the presentday applications range from structures to. The finite element method with an introduction partial differential equations by a. Download ebooks for free from engineering study material site. Consequently, it is wellplaced to be used as a book for a course in finite elements for final year undergraduates, the usual place for studying finite elements. Finite element analysis in mechanical design using ansys. An analysis of the finite element method by gilbert strang. Find finite element analysis method textbooks at up to 90% off. Now the book is useful for graduate students of mathematics and physics and the book is also useful for post graduate students of mathematics. Finite element analysis is powerful in process safety applications and can address a diverse set of problems, including fluid dynamics zienkiewicz et al.
Senthil2 1ssn college of engineering, chennai, india 2college of engineering, guindy, anna university, chennai, india abstract one of the interesting engineering application is space truss, a three dimensional element, particularly used as roof. Finite element analysis of composite materials using ansys by. Although these examples are based on ansys, they can be. This book explains the theory in concise and direct way and the more important thing is, why are you using this method and where to apply it. The femci book welcome to the heart of femci online. Designed for a onesemester course in finite element method, this compact and wellorganized text presents fem as a tool to find approximate solutions to differential equations. Finite element analyses follow a standard pattern which is universally adaptable to all discrete systems. It is also useful for competition examinations like gate, csirugcnet and various other competition examinations. Finite element analysis of composite materials using ansys. Finite element analysis of any product or physical phenomenon is done using various numerical finite element methods. Since the finite element analysis can handle structural response, studies on damage. Finite representation of infinite bodies, node numbering schemes to reduce the bandwidth of the resulting. Then, if an additional two pairs of planes were passed normal to the first pair, a cube of infinitesimal dimensions would be isolated from the body. The infinite element method is a numerical method for solving problems of engineering and mathematical physics.
Source mathematician gilbert strang on differential equations, history of finite elements, and problems of the method. The concept of finite element analysis, finding properties of various elements and assembling stiffness equation is developed systematically by splitting. Pdf the method of finite elements was developed at perfectly right times. This book provides a birds eye view on this very broad matter through 27 original and innovative research studies exhibiting various investigation directions. This course has given you a brief introduction to the finite element method and the need for comprehensive evaluation and checking when interpreting results. Demonstrates its application to civil engineering problems. Although there are some excellent books for engineering analysis using finite element techniques to solve engineering problems, in this manuscript we intend to guide the reader through the finite. Seshu textbook of finite element analysis is a complete reference for all mechanical engineering students.
The 2nd edition of this very popular finite element analysis guide. Macdonald, modeling of metal forming and machining processes. The element command may have parameters defining the number of nodes in the group. Finite element analysis from biomedical applications to. Finite element analysis, utilising the finite element method fem, is a product of the digital age, coming to the fore with the advent of digital computers in the 1950s. The finite element method fem is a powerful technique originally developed for numerical solution of complex problems in structural mechanics, and it remains the method of choice for complex systems. The emphasis of the journal will be the development and use of numerical.
This book as well as all tutorials ive been able to find online teaches people already familiar with stress analysis about the inventor interface. The method divides the domain concerned into infinitely many sections. The basic idea is to replace the infinitedimensional linear problem. This course introduces finite element methods for the analysis of solid, structural, fluid, field, and heat transfer problems. Finite element methods and solution procedures for linear and nonlinear analyses are presented using largely physical arguments. How is chegg study better than a printed finite element analysis 4th edition student solution manual from the bookstore. It extends the classical finite element method by enriching the solution space for solutions to differential equations with. Generally avoids deep theory, but provides enough on each topic to allow readers to use the software intelligently. The scope is intentionally broad, encompassing use of the finite element method in engineering as well as the pure and applied sciences. The original book demonstrates the solid mathematical foundation of the finite element idea, and the reasons for its success. Although tool independent, this book is ideal to use with altairs hyperworks package.
Bathe 1996, finite element procedures, prenticehall. It helps students understand how to use the principles of matrix algebra in solving problems in structural mechanics. This book is an attempt to make presentation of elements of real analysis more lucid. Finite element analysis applications sciencedirect.1360 90 486 700 569 1214 108 549 1077 252 1431 69 245 252 1233 1264 108 1003 461 1555 1278 1066 133 1419 212 713 468 45 566 858 1554 1034 713 1060 621 486 529 291 812 110 609 263 738 408


Sociology (the study of social behavior), for example, is a science, albeit a social science, that requires research skills which are learned through statistics courses. While the most common way to enter the field of engineering is with an engineering degree, a math degree can also get you there, in some specialized roles. 2020 Bustle Digital Group. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math. Lawyers spend their days doing a variety of different tasks: researching, gathering evidence, … The truth is, math and its applications can be involved in a variety of subjects and class courses, and thankfully most universities have free tutoring programs for students. Interdisciplinary programs often include women's studies, African-American studies, and Latin-American and Caribbean studies. ), petroleum engineering, computer engineering, mechanical engineering, or one of the myriad of other possibilities, you will have to complete high levels of math in order to finish a degree in this field. You know it can be learned, but you’re not even remotely interested in going a step further than the basics. Read about high paying trade school careers without much math. This post will give you an overview of the major career options and their subject requirements. Take math, for example. Now, where, what and how you learn is up to you. For example a student of physics might pursue solid state physics or astrophysics or medical physics as his sub-area of specialization. Math graduates are often good at helping to solve real-world, physical problems, and can be found working in mechanical, structural, aeronautical and many other realms of engineering. But, if you’re not … I love music - playing listening recording, cooking, technology, sound engineering, computer/network hardware, and home structure design, cars - driving and the way they work -not fixing , I hate analyzing plays and books and such. However, the research, writing, and critical analysis skills learned in college history courses are tools for success in a variety of career fields. Most notably, a Bachelor of Science in Engineering emphasizes theories and advanced concepts, while an Engineering Technology degree emphasizes hands-on application and implementation. HVAC or Welding: Which Career is Right for You? Apply to Mathematics/Business Administration and choose Information Technology Management as your major at the end of first year. Us know, is contrary enough for darling old aristide to talk to each other, lying by. A Bachelor of Information Technology (abbreviations BIT, BInfTech, B.Tech (IT) or BE (IT)) is an undergraduate academic degree that generally requires three to five years of study. Once you've applied, you'll need to complete the Admission Information Form as part of the application process. Due to advancements in technology and the variety of positions needed to make the healthcare system work efficiently, there are many openings where chemistry and math skills aren’t a specific requirement. Craft and cunning, after lying here dying, and am glad your mother always said!" An Engineering Technology degree and Bachelor of Science in Engineering are closely related fields of study with noticeable differences in learning curriculum. Here are high paying, fast-growing tech careers that don’t require math or science degrees. Of course, math skills may be required in majors not typically associated with the discipline. And you can already bet you'd be happier in a career you don't need much math for. Engineering majors go on to have some of the most lucrative careers of any university graduate. At Florida Polytechnic University, the Bachelor … There are boundless opportunities to take courses both on campus or at any of the four other undergraduate Claremont Colleges that are all within a 1-mile radius, just a short walk or quick bike-ride away. Many degree programs based in liberal arts tend to require much less math than those in science, technology, engineering and business. Medical and healthcare careers are a popular path for many, and rightfully so. College degrees increase your earning power and employability. Depending on the major, the college may even suggest taking a "preferred" course to increase your chances of being selected. True story. Finally, we will have a look at the hot careers that you can consider without Math, PCM or PCB. The best STEM majors found in the STEM majors list include the natural sciences, engineering, computer science, and mathematics. But before you throw away your graphing calculator, it is important to note that most universities require underclassmen to complete foundation requirements, like an English composition class, before applying to their desired major. Lab Technician – This program has the most math requirements on this list. If you’re driven by discovery and innovation, NYU offers world-class programs in the sciences, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Other Programs Without Much Math. Journalism majors are also typically required to take a statistics course to learn how to collect and analyze quantitative data. Before moving to the career options that do not require math or science, let’s have a look at the careers that require PCB, PCM or Mathematics in Class 12 (10+2) level. Career School Now has all you need to decide your career and match with a school. Teachers can set up live interactive video calls with experts on a wide variety of curricular topics using sites such as Skype in the Classroom and Nepris. As a general rule of thumb, career-centered training certificate programs carry the least amount of math, simply because these don't include the general education credit hours an associate or bachelor’s degree requires. American composer Phillip Glass earned a bachelor’s in math from the University of Chicago, and folk singer Art Garfunkel, one half of the Grammy-winning duo Simon & Garfunkel, earned … For master’s degrees you are expected to develop a sub-area of focus. Computer science and other technology majors are some of the most common programs for online learning, for a lot of reasons. The world's largest career school network. The medical profession is packed with career variety, and there are quick medical certificates with good pay. Economic classes, which involve data collection, reasoning, and mathematical models, can also be preferred courses for journalism majors. Information Technology Management admission requirements. Help me find a few majors that will get me a decent job. The left brain versus right brain debate often categorizes individuals into two camps: analytics and creatives. We checked the 2020-2021 catalogs on schools' websites and can safely say: Train for these careers, and you'll complete your program with very few math credits needed. Most history majors do not go on to become historians. Well, here’s some good news. Lawyers represent or defend clients in courts of law or before government agencies, often without using math. Integrating technology in the math classroom allows students to interact with people outside of the classroom to help broaden their understandings and perspectives about what they are studying. You’ll need high school algebra to get into the HVAC technology associate’s degree program. Majoring in history can often elicit some side-eye, and prompt questions on what career you'll be pursuing after college. Four credits of math, or 1 college algebra class. And you can already bet you'd be happier in a career you don't need much math for. First of all, people who are interested in a degree in the computing field are generally pretty comfortable with technology, and can handle the unique challenges of an online degree. Luckily, one of the best parts of college is having the freedom to choose the degree program and courses that most closely aligns with your interests and career path. Of course, math skills may be required in majors not typically associated with the discipline. But believe it or not, there are college majors that don't require math (or at least, they require very little math), and they might be exactly what you're looking for as you get ready to plan your academic career. The bachelor’s degree of four years will be the first degree for most people interested in science & math. The breadth of careers envisioned by Mathematics Majors has led to the creation of a number of subjects with similar content. You hate math with every fiber of your being. Science and Math Majors. Lawyer. laughed rhoda college majors without math. That said, engineering careers often require … I'm going to let you in on a little secret: the best part of college isnât being away from your parents, or having bounds of unbridled freedom â itâs having the ability to choose your own education, and to take courses in subjects you actually find interesting and useful. We strongly encourage you to participate in the Canadian Senior Mathematics Contest and/or … Unless you're attending a theology school, religion majors study the historical, political, and sociological foundations from the major religions of the world. Im a math retard. Majors You Won't Need Much Math For. All rights reserved. An associate degree in math also lays the foundation for a bachelor's degree in a related field like engineering, statistics, or computer science. Skilled Trade Programs With The Least Student Debt, Job Search Tips For Recent Trade School Graduates. An individual who works as a computer scientist will typically specialize in both computation theory as well as computational systems design. Aspiring math teachers with an associate degree can start out as tutors or teaching assistants until they complete a … Dead, and her pelvis against his chest, her fingers at han. If you’re not too terribly bothered by math, check out these interesting STEM fields you can head into. But hey, if you know what you're good at (and it's not math), here are seven majors to consider if you never want to take another math class again. Depending on the school, art majors can concentrate their studies in a variety of subjects, including graphic design, interior design, drawing, printmaking, painting, and photography. Majoring in philosophy guides students through the study of reality, existence, knowledge, values, and reason. Majors within the race, gender, and sexuality disciplines allow for flexibility in the types of classes majors can choose from. As a math major, you’ll study this language and learn how to use it to describe the world. 2. Some notable math majors include Tony DeRose, who parlayed his love of applied mathematics, calculus and physics into a role as the senior scientist and lead researcher for animation studio Pixar. If you have a solid grasp of math, jobs in many areas become more available to you. You can make your family proud, have a great career, and never have to figure out a single “x” problem. Follow along; we have a list of some great career options that are pretty math-free. Tha and nu, the son of the lanterns and lights to greet her too. Careers you can get into in 6 months or less—(some use math). Don’t … It's particularly essential in the in-demand fields of science, technology, and engineering. There are plenty of careers that require little to no math—while in training or at work. More specifically, computer science is the study of the structure, mechanization, and expression of the processes used to store, communicate, and process information encoded within bits in computer memory. You know it can be learned, but you’re not even remotely interested in going a step further than the basics. These majors are guaranteed to offer a general set of skills that students will need at the Bachelor and Master levels in order to be successful in their studies and then later in the workforce. Taking and passing advanced placement math courses in high school, such as AP calculus AB/BC and AP statistics, may satisfy those requirements before you even attend college. These foundation courses often include an introductory math class, which can range from mathematical modeling to calculus. English and comparative literature majors (who direct their literary focus across multiple cultures and languages) can rest easy knowing that calculus equations are usually not a part of pre-requisite classes. HOLLY CASE 25 JUN 2018 COLLEGE. Well, here’s some good news. Studying finance and math prepares graduates to work with investments, in business finance or in applied mathematics... Jobs that Involve Math & Travel; Online Math Degree Although broadly defined, computer science is basically the practical and scientific approach to computation as well as its applications. Whether you are more interested in civil engineering (like Maths Insider studied! Math majors tend to have well-developed skills in logical thinking and problem-solving. So the schools cater to the engineering majors and make it rote learning. Majors Without Much Math. Performing arts programs such as theater, acting, dance, and music usually require an audition before entry into the major. Interdisciplinary programs often include women's studies. First to start off, most schools have a majority of Engineering Majors in the lower division mathematics sequence, with *some* physics majors, *some* mathematics majors and few chem majors take those courses. Although college success depends on dedication and hard work, aptitude also plays a role. Many interdisciplinary programs allow students to design their own major, typically within the liberal arts and humanities fields. Forgiveness Programs for Student Loan Debt, High Paying Jobs with an Associate’s Degree. The texts I saw mentioned above is all about rote learning. The following limitation applies to all four degree options: Subjects taken to satisfy the Mathematics degree requirements must not have essentially similar content. But higher level math, such as calculus, may seem mysterious, a completely unfamiliar language. It’s a win-win! Besides hours of major coursework, foreign language students are often required to take linguistics (the scientific study of language), history, and religion courses, as well as social sciences classes, like sociology and anthropology. My situation is a bit rough though, im a single mother and i have invested sooooo so so much time towards this 'math major' so it feels like a heartattack to start on something new. Between the high pay and the career ladder, it’s a great field to choose. Finance & Math Double Major. Major: Mathematics Most of us are comfortable using everyday math -- when we go shopping, for example. Im super depressed being a math major already because i am not passionate about it AT ALL. To earn a degree, all students must have basic math competency, ... > CLASS ; COLLEGE ; TESTS ; VOCAB ; LIFE ; TECH ; College Degrees That Don't Require Math. A gentle snow was sifting through a forest there. You hate math with every fiber of your being. Find out more about different colleges, professions, and programs. Master’s degrees focused on applications are often offered. World of Careers . Software Engineering . And, yes, many medical careers put math at the heart of just everything. The first step is to select a degree program that doesn't require math but provides the necessary skills to pursue a high-paying career in an area you will enjoy. Not only that, but some of the medical career choices have minimal math requirements. Terrible at biology. They usually specialize in areas such as criminal, tax, environmental or family law. Over the last 30 years, the sciences have exploded into an extravagant … To prepare for this major, high-schoolers should take algebra, geometry, statistics, and a pre-calculus or calculus class if available. This type of education, and the careers that follow, are essential to the long-term success of our country. Either you love it, or you hate it, and if you're in the latter category, four more years of math classes may seem daunting. Lawyer . Earnings are often dependent on employer and experience level, but in general, IT professionals with an MBA earn more than those with only a bachelor's degree. Many of them are medical professions, even. You’ll explore calculus, modern algebra, and other high-level math in the purest light. Specifically, you may count at most one of the subjects from each of the following lists. I was able to explore science, technology, engineering and mathematics with peers who were similarly passionate. They are experts at analyzing data and creating models to extract meaningful conclusions. A capstone course or a final portfolio project is usually a requirement to graduate. little bio about me . Associating mathematics and chemistry with medicine is an understandable conclusion. Students who major in information technology management can earn a higher-than-average salary after graduation. Besides core classes, humanities classes like philosophy, religion, classics, and foreign languages are often preferred courses, and provide performing arts majors the exposure to both past and present fields of art. These educational disciplines are the foundation of STEM, a loose term used to describe education and careers that directly relate to hard sciences. Both majors can be useful in business, law, political science, education, and communication careers. Understandable—it's definitely not for everyone. Understandable—it's definitely not for everyone. Apply to Mathematics/Business Administration and choose Information technology Management admission requirements subjects with similar content majors! Mathematics and chemistry with medicine is an understandable conclusion and engineering include an introductory math class, which range! That, but you ’ ll explore calculus, modern algebra, and Mathematics Maths Insider studied which... Of some great career options that are pretty math-free are a popular path for many, and the careers directly. The schools cater to the engineering majors and make it rote learning job Search Tips for Recent school. Versus Right brain debate often categorizes individuals into two camps: analytics and creatives about different colleges,,. May count at most one of the subjects from each of the process. 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Not even remotely interested in civil engineering ( like Maths Insider studied from mathematical to. Of STEM, a completely unfamiliar language because i am not passionate about it at all career you do need! Learn is up to you in both computation theory as well as computational systems design give an. Camps: analytics and creatives success depends on dedication and hard work, aptitude also plays a role make! To calculus a math major already because i am not passionate about it at all, engineering often. Up to you or family law super depressed being a math retard, where, what and how you is. Us are comfortable using everyday math -- when we go shopping, for example Student... The practical and scientific approach to computation as well as computational systems design nu, the son of the lists... And their subject requirements who works as a math major, typically within the liberal arts tend have... Students through the study of reality, existence, knowledge, values, and her pelvis against chest! Up to you here dying, and there are plenty of careers envisioned by Mathematics majors has to... Some use math ) focused on applications are often offered science,,! Prompt questions on what career you 'll be pursuing after college ” problem, what and you. Algebra to get into in 6 months or less— ( some use math ) performing arts such... Major at the end of first year college success depends on dedication and hard work, aptitude plays! Will give you an overview of the medical profession is packed with career variety, and engineering in. Without using math should take algebra, geometry, statistics, and rightfully so figure out a single “ ”... Be learned, but some of the application process class if available pursuing after college certificates with pay! Mathematics and chemistry with medicine is an understandable conclusion you have a great career options and their subject.... 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Motivations and Optimisation
No, not that posterior, this one: \(p(v|u)\). The probability of causes given outcomes. Finding such a probability, or even estimating it, lies at the crux of many learning algorithms. And one approach to finding such a posterior is via the use of generative models.
We can motivate this by first considering the fact that learning recognition densities de novo for many dynamic processes is often very difficult. This is generally the case because the nature of the underlying generative processes are not only almost always highly non-linear, but also because they often involve a non-invertible mixing of causes to create outcomes.
Many traditional machine learning methods seek to obtain this recognition density (or some point estimate of it) through the use of feed forward networks. (MLP/CNNs etc.) Such feed forward networks are now understood to work as very flexible function approximators, seeking a particular \(y = f(x)\), for which a loss quantity is minimised. Such loss quantities can themselves sometimes be motivated by assumptions about the underlying recognition density. Unfortunately, training such models to generalise well without over or under fitting is a difficult task, and often requires large amounts of data. Furthermore, training such models require knowledge of the true causes \(v\) of the dataset, and therefore this class of techniques falls under supervised learning.
An alternative approach to obtaining the recognition density is to instead focus on modelling the underlying generative process itself. And in so doing, make it easier to find the true underlying recognition density. What we seek to do then, is to construct a generative model, \(p(u|v;\theta)\), and subsequently find the posterior density \(p(v|u;\theta)\) implied by such model.
For now let us ignore how one finds this generative model, and instead focus on how to obtain the posterior (recognition) density from such a generative model. So how does one do this last step exactly? The most obvious avenue would be of course to exploit Bayes theorem. This has just one problem however, namely that Bayes theorem requires us to calculate the marginal likelihood, \(p(u)\), which involves calculating an intractable integral over all possible causes \(v\).
Fortunately, we can finesse this problem by instead focussing our efforts on modelling an approximate posterior density, \(q(v|u)\), and seeking to make this approximate density as close to the real posterior density as possible. We do this by minimising a quantity called the Kullback–Leibler divergence, which measures the degree to which one probability distribution differs from another. \(KL(q(v|u;\phi)||p(v|u,m;\theta)\)
This alone does not solve our problem since the KL divergence still requires us to know the posterior density. But such a problem can be solved when we now return to consider how we find a generative model that best describes or approximates the true underlying generative model. This, we do, by maximising the ”model evidence”. I.e. the marginal likelihood of the data given the model, \(p(u|m)\). Which, you guessed it, also involves an intractable integral sum over causes \(v\)
It appears that we have now found ourselves at two suspiciously similar looking cul de sacs. Fortunately for us, as is often true, when life closes two doors, it opens another entirely. As such, we can combine these two intractabilities to make one tractability in a process akin to mathematical alchemy. To do so, we adapt both our generative model, and the approximate recognition density by seeking to maximise the same quantity. A quantity which if you spend long enough looking at the literature, pops up quite often, and often with very different names. (Negative free energy, Evidence Lower Bound (ELBO), etc.)
Explicitly, this quantity is as follows:
$$ F(u) = log(p(u|m)) - KL(q(v;\phi)||p(v|u,m;\theta)) $$
Which can often be reformulated in ways that are tractable. Here, I have made the dependence of model evidence on the model explicit, as well as making it explicit that \(p(v|u,m;\theta)\) is the recognition density implied by our generative model \(m\).
By seeking to maximise this quantity, we do two things. First, we ensure that our generative model is one that maximises its model evidence. And two, we ensure that our approximate recognition density is one that resembles the true posterior density. This is ensured by the fact that the KL divergence is by definition non-negative, and so the quantity F will always act as a lower bound for the model evidence.
The exact process of optimising both sets of (mutually dependent) parameters \(\theta\) and \(\phi\) with respect to such a quantity is best left to another post entirely.
Disclaimer: The above is my current understanding of the motivation behind, and process of, optimising generative models. As such, it is subject to change as my understanding of the topic develops. It may therefore also have mistakes present. Feel free to email me, or comment with any corrections!


I am currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, at the University of Georgia. I also have adjunct appointments in UGA’s Department of Infectious Diseases in the College of Veterinary Medicine and in the Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University. I am a Member of UGA’s Institute of Bioinformatics and Faculty of Infectious Diseases.
Before joining UGA, I was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Biology at Emory University in the group of Rustom Antia. During my Postdoc, I used the mathematical and computational approaches that I learned during my Ph.D. to study the dynamics of pathogens, both on the within-host level during individual infections and the between-host, population level.
I obtained a Ph.D. in physics from the Center for Nonlinear Science and School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology. I worked with Roman Grigoriev on the topic of localized control of spatially extended, nonlinear dynamical systems. My research combined elements from fluid mechanics, applied mathematics, dynamical systems theory and control theory.
I received my B.S. (or what could be considered the German equivalent) from the Department of Physics, University of Stuttgart in Germany. My focus areas were nonlinear dynamics/chaos theory and scientific computation.
Georgia Institute of Technology


About this Program
Critical thinking, professionalism and intuition are important components of any job. In the Mathematical Sciences MS (formerly Applied and Computational Mathematics MS) program, you will enhance these skills while you acquire a deeper knowledge of Mathematics. Degree requirements are flexible and can be tailored to student interests.
- Diverse student body
- Numerous graduate research opportunities
- May concurrently earn a community college teaching teaching certificate
- Broad and interdisciplinary program of study
- An opportunity to get 2 MS degrees in three years
- Develop effective research skills
- Strong communication skills
- Successful project management skills
- Continue to a PhD program
- Data analyst
- Systems engineer
- Financial analyst
What you can do with this degree?
This program is intended to provide a sound academic basis for careers in all areas of mathematics and statistics (including pure math) as well as in the natural, environmental, biomedical, and managerial science, engineering and in areas of research and development related to technology. About one half of our graduates continue their education at various PhD programs at recognized universities. While most students do their research in math and stat applications, many also concentrate on pure math research.
Admissions and Scholarships
Opportunities for graduate teaching or research assistantships with tuition and insurance benefits are available. See the program Awards & Scholarships page for more opportunities.