Columbus Fountain

Prompt: In Columbus Fountain, how is the Saturday, June 8 of the Installation and dedication explained?

The Knights of Columbus headed up the dedication ceremony on June 8, 1912. It was estimated that at least 150,000 people were expected to attend the opening. Congress supplied an extra $6,000 for expanded police security, with the Knights requesting at least 500 officers to participate. $10,000 was contributed by the Knights of Columbus for the event decorations, supplies and general planning.A parade was planned starting at 3:00 pm featuring an estimated 50,000 participants for the civic portion. General Robert K. Evans, Chief of Military Affairs, served as the parade marshal, riding at the front of the parade. He was followed by the Army Contingent composed of the following (in order):Battalion of the US Engineers (Washington Barracks)Battalion of the Coast Artillery Corps (Art. Dist. of Potomac)Squadron of the Fifteenth Cavalry (Fort Myer)Battalion of the Third Field Artillery (fort Myer)This was followed by the Navy and Marines with each its own band playing. The civic portion of the parade was composed of Knights of Columbus members from all over the country. The Civic portion went in the following order:All Fourth degree KnightsNew York and New Jersey KnightsPennsylvania KnightsMaryland and District of Columbia KnightsVirginia, West Virginia and all southern KnightsIllinois, Ohio and all western Knights. The North Dakota delegation brought Ignatius Court from the Devils Lake Sioux Tribe in complete wardress.All other organizations (including several Italian societies)Five Parade floats depicting Christopher Columbus' trials and tribulations followed behind. The floats included:"Reception of Columbus" by King Ferdinand (Massachusetts delegation)"Columbus before the King" (New York delegation)The "Departure of Columbus" from Europe (Pennsylvania delegation)The caravel in which Columbus set sail (The United Italian Society of Washington)The landing (District of Columbia knights)The route of parade was as follow: Pennsylvania Avenue NW to 2rd Street NW; north on 2rd Street NW to F Street NW; on F street NW to Massachusetts Avenue NW. This is where the reviewing stand stood, where President Taft and his guests reviewed the parade on Union Station Plaza. From Massachusetts Avenue to Stanton Square (later known Stanton Park) where the parade was reviewed by the Knights of Columbus.The unveiling of the artwork was done on a beautiful sunny day with thousands of citizens and visitors attending the ceremony. Secretary of State Philander Knox was the presiding officer. The ceremony followed this order. An invocation was given by Mgr. Thomas Shahan, the Rector of the Catholic University of America. It was followed by an address from Chief Justice Victor J. Dowling. The Marine Band played. Representative James McCreary, a member of the original Committee, talked about the significance of Christopher Columbus. Marquis Luigi Cusani-Confalonieri, Italian Ambassador to the United States pulled the cords after some remarks. As the Stars and Stripes fell away from the statue, a battery from the 3rd Field Artillery from Fort Myer fired a 21-gun salute. Wreaths were laid by several officials and organizations. President Taft provided the formal address followed by a selection of pieces performed by the Marine Band. All the ushers at the ceremony were all members of the Sons of the American Revolution.At 8:00 pm, a public banquet was held at the Convention Hall at the intersection of K Street NW and 5th Street NE with 1830 Knights of Columbus present. Plates were sold for $10. In honor of the visiting Knights, the District Building was illuminated from 8:00 pm to 11:00 pm and an invitation issued to the public to visit the building from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. Police forces were also on standby to accommodate this increase in population.At the same time, a firing of salute was taking place near the White House followed by fireworks from 8:30 pm to 9:30 pm. A large crowd gathered on The Ellipse to watch as stars and as the Santa Maria were displayed.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Describe the characteristics of the Saturday, June 8 in Columbus Fountain's Installation and dedication.

The Knights of Columbus headed up the dedication ceremony on June 8, 1912. It was estimated that at least 150,000 people were expected to attend the opening. Congress supplied an extra $6,000 for expanded police security, with the Knights requesting at least 500 officers to participate. $10,000 was contributed by the Knights of Columbus for the event decorations, supplies and general planning.A parade was planned starting at 3:00 pm featuring an estimated 50,000 participants for the civic portion. General Robert K. Evans, Chief of Military Affairs, served as the parade marshal, riding at the front of the parade. He was followed by the Army Contingent composed of the following (in order):Battalion of the US Engineers (Washington Barracks)Battalion of the Coast Artillery Corps (Art. Dist. of Potomac)Squadron of the Fifteenth Cavalry (Fort Myer)Battalion of the Third Field Artillery (fort Myer)This was followed by the Navy and Marines with each its own band playing. The civic portion of the parade was composed of Knights of Columbus members from all over the country. The Civic portion went in the following order:All Fourth degree KnightsNew York and New Jersey KnightsPennsylvania KnightsMaryland and District of Columbia KnightsVirginia, West Virginia and all southern KnightsIllinois, Ohio and all western Knights. The North Dakota delegation brought Ignatius Court from the Devils Lake Sioux Tribe in complete wardress.All other organizations (including several Italian societies)Five Parade floats depicting Christopher Columbus' trials and tribulations followed behind. The floats included:"Reception of Columbus" by King Ferdinand (Massachusetts delegation)"Columbus before the King" (New York delegation)The "Departure of Columbus" from Europe (Pennsylvania delegation)The caravel in which Columbus set sail (The United Italian Society of Washington)The landing (District of Columbia knights)The route of parade was as follow: Pennsylvania Avenue NW to 2rd Street NW; north on 2rd Street NW to F Street NW; on F street NW to Massachusetts Avenue NW. This is where the reviewing stand stood, where President Taft and his guests reviewed the parade on Union Station Plaza. From Massachusetts Avenue to Stanton Square (later known Stanton Park) where the parade was reviewed by the Knights of Columbus.The unveiling of the artwork was done on a beautiful sunny day with thousands of citizens and visitors attending the ceremony. Secretary of State Philander Knox was the presiding officer. The ceremony followed this order. An invocation was given by Mgr. Thomas Shahan, the Rector of the Catholic University of America. It was followed by an address from Chief Justice Victor J. Dowling. The Marine Band played. Representative James McCreary, a member of the original Committee, talked about the significance of Christopher Columbus. Marquis Luigi Cusani-Confalonieri, Italian Ambassador to the United States pulled the cords after some remarks. As the Stars and Stripes fell away from the statue, a battery from the 3rd Field Artillery from Fort Myer fired a 21-gun salute. Wreaths were laid by several officials and organizations. President Taft provided the formal address followed by a selection of pieces performed by the Marine Band. All the ushers at the ceremony were all members of the Sons of the American Revolution.At 8:00 pm, a public banquet was held at the Convention Hall at the intersection of K Street NW and 5th Street NE with 1830 Knights of Columbus present. Plates were sold for $10. In honor of the visiting Knights, the District Building was illuminated from 8:00 pm to 11:00 pm and an invitation issued to the public to visit the building from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. Police forces were also on standby to accommodate this increase in population.At the same time, a firing of salute was taking place near the White House followed by fireworks from 8:30 pm to 9:30 pm. A large crowd gathered on The Ellipse to watch as stars and as the Santa Maria were displayed.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: In the context of Columbus Fountain, explain the Sunday, June 9 and the Installation and dedication.

On Sunday at 7:00 am, veterans assembled at the St. Patrick's Catholic Church for military mass with Cardinal James Gibbons. An estimated 10,000 people were believed to attend the mass. At 8:00 pm, a final public concert was held at the Convention Hall featuring the US Marine Band and Symphony Orchestra of sixty pieces.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Explain the Sunday, June 9 about the Installation and dedication of this artwork, Columbus Fountain.

On Sunday at 7:00 am, veterans assembled at the St. Patrick's Catholic Church for military mass with Cardinal James Gibbons. An estimated 10,000 people were believed to attend the mass. At 8:00 pm, a final public concert was held at the Convention Hall featuring the US Marine Band and Symphony Orchestra of sixty pieces.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: In Columbus Fountain, how is the Sunday, June 9 of the Installation and dedication explained?

On Sunday at 7:00 am, veterans assembled at the St. Patrick's Catholic Church for military mass with Cardinal James Gibbons. An estimated 10,000 people were believed to attend the mass. At 8:00 pm, a final public concert was held at the Convention Hall featuring the US Marine Band and Symphony Orchestra of sixty pieces.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Describe the characteristics of the Sunday, June 9 in Columbus Fountain's Installation and dedication.

On Sunday at 7:00 am, veterans assembled at the St. Patrick's Catholic Church for military mass with Cardinal James Gibbons. An estimated 10,000 people were believed to attend the mass. At 8:00 pm, a final public concert was held at the Convention Hall featuring the US Marine Band and Symphony Orchestra of sixty pieces.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Focus on Columbus Fountain and explain the Columbus Day.

Every year Columbus Day celebrations are held featuring the US Marine Corps Band and a wreath laying ceremony.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Explain the Columbus Day of this artwork, Columbus Fountain.

Every year Columbus Day celebrations are held featuring the US Marine Corps Band and a wreath laying ceremony.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: How does Columbus Fountain explain its Columbus Day?

Every year Columbus Day celebrations are held featuring the US Marine Corps Band and a wreath laying ceremony.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: In Columbus Fountain, how is the Columbus Day discussed?

Every year Columbus Day celebrations are held featuring the US Marine Corps Band and a wreath laying ceremony.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Focus on Columbus Fountain and explain the Condition and Conservation.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places, on March 7, 1968.In October 1991 the memorial was spray painted with graffiti reading "500 Years of Genocide" during a wreath-laying ceremony by the Knights of Columbus ("500 Years of Faith") and the National Park Service removed it with surface cleaners. In March 1994 the work was surveyed by the Save Outdoor Sculpture! program and was described as needing treatment.As of 2014, the fountain has fallen into a state of disrepair. According to the Union Station Redevelopment Corporation (USRC), the fountain suffers from significant structural issues. The statues have been painted over to hide the discolorations and the fountain basins are boarded up to avoid further damage as the plumbing does not function. On May 25, 2016, the National Park Services and the USRC announced that Fountain had been selected as one of 20 historic places to compete for a share of $2 million in grants under the National Trust for Historic Preservation's Partners in Preservation program.In July 2024, the fountain was vandalized with graffiti by people protesting a speech given to the U.S. Congress by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, with messages written  such as “Hamas is coming”, “Free Gaza”, “Long Live Resistance” and “All Zionists Are Bastards”. Zaid Mohammad Mahdawi who wrote the graffiti supporting Hamas was later arrested by the FBI.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: Explain the Condition and Conservation of this artwork, Columbus Fountain.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places, on March 7, 1968.In October 1991 the memorial was spray painted with graffiti reading "500 Years of Genocide" during a wreath-laying ceremony by the Knights of Columbus ("500 Years of Faith") and the National Park Service removed it with surface cleaners. In March 1994 the work was surveyed by the Save Outdoor Sculpture! program and was described as needing treatment.As of 2014, the fountain has fallen into a state of disrepair. According to the Union Station Redevelopment Corporation (USRC), the fountain suffers from significant structural issues. The statues have been painted over to hide the discolorations and the fountain basins are boarded up to avoid further damage as the plumbing does not function. On May 25, 2016, the National Park Services and the USRC announced that Fountain had been selected as one of 20 historic places to compete for a share of $2 million in grants under the National Trust for Historic Preservation's Partners in Preservation program.In July 2024, the fountain was vandalized with graffiti by people protesting a speech given to the U.S. Congress by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, with messages written  such as “Hamas is coming”, “Free Gaza”, “Long Live Resistance” and “All Zionists Are Bastards”. Zaid Mohammad Mahdawi who wrote the graffiti supporting Hamas was later arrested by the FBI.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: How does Columbus Fountain explain its Condition and Conservation?

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places, on March 7, 1968.In October 1991 the memorial was spray painted with graffiti reading "500 Years of Genocide" during a wreath-laying ceremony by the Knights of Columbus ("500 Years of Faith") and the National Park Service removed it with surface cleaners. In March 1994 the work was surveyed by the Save Outdoor Sculpture! program and was described as needing treatment.As of 2014, the fountain has fallen into a state of disrepair. According to the Union Station Redevelopment Corporation (USRC), the fountain suffers from significant structural issues. The statues have been painted over to hide the discolorations and the fountain basins are boarded up to avoid further damage as the plumbing does not function. On May 25, 2016, the National Park Services and the USRC announced that Fountain had been selected as one of 20 historic places to compete for a share of $2 million in grants under the National Trust for Historic Preservation's Partners in Preservation program.In July 2024, the fountain was vandalized with graffiti by people protesting a speech given to the U.S. Congress by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, with messages written  such as “Hamas is coming”, “Free Gaza”, “Long Live Resistance” and “All Zionists Are Bastards”. Zaid Mohammad Mahdawi who wrote the graffiti supporting Hamas was later arrested by the FBI.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


Columbus Fountain

Prompt: In Columbus Fountain, how is the Condition and Conservation discussed?

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places, on March 7, 1968.In October 1991 the memorial was spray painted with graffiti reading "500 Years of Genocide" during a wreath-laying ceremony by the Knights of Columbus ("500 Years of Faith") and the National Park Service removed it with surface cleaners. In March 1994 the work was surveyed by the Save Outdoor Sculpture! program and was described as needing treatment.As of 2014, the fountain has fallen into a state of disrepair. According to the Union Station Redevelopment Corporation (USRC), the fountain suffers from significant structural issues. The statues have been painted over to hide the discolorations and the fountain basins are boarded up to avoid further damage as the plumbing does not function. On May 25, 2016, the National Park Services and the USRC announced that Fountain had been selected as one of 20 historic places to compete for a share of $2 million in grants under the National Trust for Historic Preservation's Partners in Preservation program.In July 2024, the fountain was vandalized with graffiti by people protesting a speech given to the U.S. Congress by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, with messages written  such as “Hamas is coming”, “Free Gaza”, “Long Live Resistance” and “All Zionists Are Bastards”. Zaid Mohammad Mahdawi who wrote the graffiti supporting Hamas was later arrested by the FBI.

Category:Monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Sculptures of Native Americans in Washington, D.C.

Category:Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.

List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus

Category:Fountains on the National Register of Historic Places

Union Station in 1906 before the Columbus Memorial

The competition model probably submitted in 1908 by Lorado Taft.

File:Union Station Washington, D.C. 1906.tif

Supreme Knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Statues of Christopher Columbus

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Washington, D.C.)

File:Columbus Memorial Construction a.tif

Category:Artworks in the collection of the National Park Service

Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 6

Category:Sculptures of lions in the United States

Category:1912 establishments in Washington, D.C.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus

Category:Vandalized works of art in Washington, D.C.

File:The World's Columbian exposition, Chicago, 1893 (1893) (14593740420).jpg

Carving of the top of the world globe. Notice the protruding anchors left on the sides of the block to lift it into place.

United States Army Coast Artillery Corps

File:Model for the Columbus Memorial to be erected at Union Station Plaza, Washington, DC.tif

Category:Sculptures of eagles in the United States

Category:Marble sculptures in Washington, D.C.

Category:Sculptures of birds in Washington, D.C.


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: Focus on A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery and explain the abstract.

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, or the full title, A Philosopher giving that Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun, is a 1766 painting by Joseph Wright of Derby depicting a lecturer giving a demonstration of an orrery – a mechanical model of the solar system – to a small audience.  It is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery The painting preceded his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump (National Gallery, London).The first of Wright's candlelit masterpieces, Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight, was painted in 1765, and showed three men studying a small copy of the "Borghese Gladiator". The Gladiator was greatly admired; but his next painting, The Orrery, caused a greater stir, as it replaced the Classical subject at the centre of the scene with one of a scientific nature. Wright's depiction of the awe produced by scientific "miracles" marked a break with previous traditions in which the artistic depiction of such wonder was reserved for religious events, since to Wright the marvels of the technological age were as awe-inspiring as the subjects of the great religious paintings.In both of these works, the candlelit setting had a realist justification. Viewing sculpture by candlelight, when the contours showed well, and there might even be an impression of movement from the flickering light, was a fashionable practice described by Goethe. In the orrery demonstration the shadows cast by the lamp representing the sun were an essential part of the display. But there seems no reason other than heightened drama to stage the air pump experiment in a room lit by a single candle, and in two later paintings of the subject by Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo the lighting is normal.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: Explain the abstract of this artwork, A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery.

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, or the full title, A Philosopher giving that Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun, is a 1766 painting by Joseph Wright of Derby depicting a lecturer giving a demonstration of an orrery – a mechanical model of the solar system – to a small audience.  It is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery The painting preceded his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump (National Gallery, London).The first of Wright's candlelit masterpieces, Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight, was painted in 1765, and showed three men studying a small copy of the "Borghese Gladiator". The Gladiator was greatly admired; but his next painting, The Orrery, caused a greater stir, as it replaced the Classical subject at the centre of the scene with one of a scientific nature. Wright's depiction of the awe produced by scientific "miracles" marked a break with previous traditions in which the artistic depiction of such wonder was reserved for religious events, since to Wright the marvels of the technological age were as awe-inspiring as the subjects of the great religious paintings.In both of these works, the candlelit setting had a realist justification. Viewing sculpture by candlelight, when the contours showed well, and there might even be an impression of movement from the flickering light, was a fashionable practice described by Goethe. In the orrery demonstration the shadows cast by the lamp representing the sun were an essential part of the display. But there seems no reason other than heightened drama to stage the air pump experiment in a room lit by a single candle, and in two later paintings of the subject by Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo the lighting is normal.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: How does A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery explain its abstract?

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, or the full title, A Philosopher giving that Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun, is a 1766 painting by Joseph Wright of Derby depicting a lecturer giving a demonstration of an orrery – a mechanical model of the solar system – to a small audience.  It is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery The painting preceded his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump (National Gallery, London).The first of Wright's candlelit masterpieces, Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight, was painted in 1765, and showed three men studying a small copy of the "Borghese Gladiator". The Gladiator was greatly admired; but his next painting, The Orrery, caused a greater stir, as it replaced the Classical subject at the centre of the scene with one of a scientific nature. Wright's depiction of the awe produced by scientific "miracles" marked a break with previous traditions in which the artistic depiction of such wonder was reserved for religious events, since to Wright the marvels of the technological age were as awe-inspiring as the subjects of the great religious paintings.In both of these works, the candlelit setting had a realist justification. Viewing sculpture by candlelight, when the contours showed well, and there might even be an impression of movement from the flickering light, was a fashionable practice described by Goethe. In the orrery demonstration the shadows cast by the lamp representing the sun were an essential part of the display. But there seems no reason other than heightened drama to stage the air pump experiment in a room lit by a single candle, and in two later paintings of the subject by Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo the lighting is normal.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: In A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, how is the abstract discussed?

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, or the full title, A Philosopher giving that Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun, is a 1766 painting by Joseph Wright of Derby depicting a lecturer giving a demonstration of an orrery – a mechanical model of the solar system – to a small audience.  It is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery The painting preceded his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump (National Gallery, London).The first of Wright's candlelit masterpieces, Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight, was painted in 1765, and showed three men studying a small copy of the "Borghese Gladiator". The Gladiator was greatly admired; but his next painting, The Orrery, caused a greater stir, as it replaced the Classical subject at the centre of the scene with one of a scientific nature. Wright's depiction of the awe produced by scientific "miracles" marked a break with previous traditions in which the artistic depiction of such wonder was reserved for religious events, since to Wright the marvels of the technological age were as awe-inspiring as the subjects of the great religious paintings.In both of these works, the candlelit setting had a realist justification. Viewing sculpture by candlelight, when the contours showed well, and there might even be an impression of movement from the flickering light, was a fashionable practice described by Goethe. In the orrery demonstration the shadows cast by the lamp representing the sun were an essential part of the display. But there seems no reason other than heightened drama to stage the air pump experiment in a room lit by a single candle, and in two later paintings of the subject by Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo the lighting is normal.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: Focus on A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery and explain the Context.

The painting was one of a number of British works challenging the set categories of the rigid, French-dictated, hierarchy of genres in the late 18th century, as other types of painting aspired to be treated as seriously as the costumed history painting of a Classical or mythological subject. In some respects the Orrery and Air Pump subjects resembled conversation pieces, then largely a form of middle-class portraiture, though soon to be given new status when Johann Zoffany began to paint the royal family in about 1766. Given their solemn atmosphere however, and as it seems none of the figures are intended to be understood as portraits (even if models may be identified), the paintings can not be regarded as conversation pieces. The 20th-century art historian Ellis Waterhouse compares these two works to the "genre serieux" of contemporary French drama, as defined by Denis Diderot and Pierre Beaumarchais, a view endorsed by Egerton.An anonymous review from the time called Wright "a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way".

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: Explain the Context of this artwork, A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery.

The painting was one of a number of British works challenging the set categories of the rigid, French-dictated, hierarchy of genres in the late 18th century, as other types of painting aspired to be treated as seriously as the costumed history painting of a Classical or mythological subject. In some respects the Orrery and Air Pump subjects resembled conversation pieces, then largely a form of middle-class portraiture, though soon to be given new status when Johann Zoffany began to paint the royal family in about 1766. Given their solemn atmosphere however, and as it seems none of the figures are intended to be understood as portraits (even if models may be identified), the paintings can not be regarded as conversation pieces. The 20th-century art historian Ellis Waterhouse compares these two works to the "genre serieux" of contemporary French drama, as defined by Denis Diderot and Pierre Beaumarchais, a view endorsed by Egerton.An anonymous review from the time called Wright "a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way".

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: How does A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery explain its Context?

The painting was one of a number of British works challenging the set categories of the rigid, French-dictated, hierarchy of genres in the late 18th century, as other types of painting aspired to be treated as seriously as the costumed history painting of a Classical or mythological subject. In some respects the Orrery and Air Pump subjects resembled conversation pieces, then largely a form of middle-class portraiture, though soon to be given new status when Johann Zoffany began to paint the royal family in about 1766. Given their solemn atmosphere however, and as it seems none of the figures are intended to be understood as portraits (even if models may be identified), the paintings can not be regarded as conversation pieces. The 20th-century art historian Ellis Waterhouse compares these two works to the "genre serieux" of contemporary French drama, as defined by Denis Diderot and Pierre Beaumarchais, a view endorsed by Egerton.An anonymous review from the time called Wright "a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way".

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: In A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, how is the Context discussed?

The painting was one of a number of British works challenging the set categories of the rigid, French-dictated, hierarchy of genres in the late 18th century, as other types of painting aspired to be treated as seriously as the costumed history painting of a Classical or mythological subject. In some respects the Orrery and Air Pump subjects resembled conversation pieces, then largely a form of middle-class portraiture, though soon to be given new status when Johann Zoffany began to paint the royal family in about 1766. Given their solemn atmosphere however, and as it seems none of the figures are intended to be understood as portraits (even if models may be identified), the paintings can not be regarded as conversation pieces. The 20th-century art historian Ellis Waterhouse compares these two works to the "genre serieux" of contemporary French drama, as defined by Denis Diderot and Pierre Beaumarchais, a view endorsed by Egerton.An anonymous review from the time called Wright "a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way".

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: Focus on A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery and explain the Provenance, and portraits.

The Orrery was painted without a commission, probably in the expectation that it would be bought by Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers, a British Royal Navy officer who had an orrery of his own, and with whom Wright's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying while in Derbyshire. Figures thought to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers feature in the painting, Burdett taking notes and Ferrers seated with a youth next to the orrery.Ferrers purchased the painting, which was exhibited in 1766, for £210, but the 6th Earl auctioned it off, and it is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery, where it is on permanent display, close to a working replica of a full-sized mechanical Grand Orrery.A biographer of Wright, Benedict Nicolson, argued in 1968 that John Whitehurst was the model for the lecturer, while another commentator points out the figure's resemblance to "a painting of Isaac Newton by Godfrey Kneller". Close observation of the adult faces in the picture reveals that each one demonstrates one or other of the main phases of the Moon – new moon, half moon, gibbous moon and full moon. Jonathan Powers, in The Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, claims that 'the Philosopher' was John Arden, a scholar and lecturer best known for teaching the young Mary Wollstonecraft.A working reconstruction of the grand orrery depicted in Joseph Wright's painting was commissioned by Derby Museums in 1993. It was built by clock and orrery-maker, John Gleave, and is displayed alongside the original work in the museum's art gallery.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: Explain the Provenance, and portraits of this artwork, A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery.

The Orrery was painted without a commission, probably in the expectation that it would be bought by Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers, a British Royal Navy officer who had an orrery of his own, and with whom Wright's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying while in Derbyshire. Figures thought to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers feature in the painting, Burdett taking notes and Ferrers seated with a youth next to the orrery.Ferrers purchased the painting, which was exhibited in 1766, for £210, but the 6th Earl auctioned it off, and it is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery, where it is on permanent display, close to a working replica of a full-sized mechanical Grand Orrery.A biographer of Wright, Benedict Nicolson, argued in 1968 that John Whitehurst was the model for the lecturer, while another commentator points out the figure's resemblance to "a painting of Isaac Newton by Godfrey Kneller". Close observation of the adult faces in the picture reveals that each one demonstrates one or other of the main phases of the Moon – new moon, half moon, gibbous moon and full moon. Jonathan Powers, in The Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, claims that 'the Philosopher' was John Arden, a scholar and lecturer best known for teaching the young Mary Wollstonecraft.A working reconstruction of the grand orrery depicted in Joseph Wright's painting was commissioned by Derby Museums in 1993. It was built by clock and orrery-maker, John Gleave, and is displayed alongside the original work in the museum's art gallery.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: How does A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery explain its Provenance, and portraits?

The Orrery was painted without a commission, probably in the expectation that it would be bought by Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers, a British Royal Navy officer who had an orrery of his own, and with whom Wright's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying while in Derbyshire. Figures thought to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers feature in the painting, Burdett taking notes and Ferrers seated with a youth next to the orrery.Ferrers purchased the painting, which was exhibited in 1766, for £210, but the 6th Earl auctioned it off, and it is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery, where it is on permanent display, close to a working replica of a full-sized mechanical Grand Orrery.A biographer of Wright, Benedict Nicolson, argued in 1968 that John Whitehurst was the model for the lecturer, while another commentator points out the figure's resemblance to "a painting of Isaac Newton by Godfrey Kneller". Close observation of the adult faces in the picture reveals that each one demonstrates one or other of the main phases of the Moon – new moon, half moon, gibbous moon and full moon. Jonathan Powers, in The Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, claims that 'the Philosopher' was John Arden, a scholar and lecturer best known for teaching the young Mary Wollstonecraft.A working reconstruction of the grand orrery depicted in Joseph Wright's painting was commissioned by Derby Museums in 1993. It was built by clock and orrery-maker, John Gleave, and is displayed alongside the original work in the museum's art gallery.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

Prompt: In A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, how is the Provenance, and portraits discussed?

The Orrery was painted without a commission, probably in the expectation that it would be bought by Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers, a British Royal Navy officer who had an orrery of his own, and with whom Wright's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying while in Derbyshire. Figures thought to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers feature in the painting, Burdett taking notes and Ferrers seated with a youth next to the orrery.Ferrers purchased the painting, which was exhibited in 1766, for £210, but the 6th Earl auctioned it off, and it is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery, where it is on permanent display, close to a working replica of a full-sized mechanical Grand Orrery.A biographer of Wright, Benedict Nicolson, argued in 1968 that John Whitehurst was the model for the lecturer, while another commentator points out the figure's resemblance to "a painting of Isaac Newton by Godfrey Kneller". Close observation of the adult faces in the picture reveals that each one demonstrates one or other of the main phases of the Moon – new moon, half moon, gibbous moon and full moon. Jonathan Powers, in The Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, claims that 'the Philosopher' was John Arden, a scholar and lecturer best known for teaching the young Mary Wollstonecraft.A working reconstruction of the grand orrery depicted in Joseph Wright's painting was commissioned by Derby Museums in 1993. It was built by clock and orrery-maker, John Gleave, and is displayed alongside the original work in the museum's art gallery.

Category:Collection of Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Category:Paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby

Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight

Replica grand orrery on display alongside the original painting in [[Derby Museum and Art Gallery

File:Two Orreries (Derby Museum & Art Gallery).webm


Prompt: Focus on The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt) and explain the abstract.

The Return of the Prodigal Son (Dutch: De terugkeer van de verloren zoon) is an oil painting by Rembrandt, part of the collection of the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. It is among the Dutch master's final works, likely completed within two years of his death in 1669. Depicting the moment of the prodigal son's return to his father in the Biblical parable, it is a renowned work described by art historian Kenneth Clark as "a picture which those who have seen the original in St. Petersburg may be forgiven for claiming as the greatest picture ever painted".In the painting, the son has returned home in a wretched state from travels in which he has wasted his inheritance and fallen into poverty and despair. He kneels before his father in repentance, wishing for forgiveness and the position of a servant in his father's household, having realized that even his father's servants had a better station in life than he. His father receives him with a tender gesture and welcomes him as his own son. His hands seem to suggest mothering and fathering at once; the left appears larger and more masculine, set on the son's shoulder, while the right is softer and more receptive in gesture. Standing at the right is the prodigal son's older brother, who crosses his hands in judgment; in the parable he objects to the father's compassion for the sinful son:But he answered his father, "Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends. But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him."—Luke 15:29–30, World English BibleThe father explains, "But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found" (Luke 15:32).Rembrandt was moved by the parable, and he made a variety of drawings, etchings, and paintings on the theme that spanned decades, beginning with a 1636 etching (see Gallery). The Return of the Prodigal Son includes figures not directly related to the parable but seen in some of these earlier works; their identities have been debated. The woman at top left, barely visible, is likely the mother, while the seated man, whose dress implies wealth, may be an advisor to the estate or a tax collector.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: Explain the abstract of this artwork, The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt).

The Return of the Prodigal Son (Dutch: De terugkeer van de verloren zoon) is an oil painting by Rembrandt, part of the collection of the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. It is among the Dutch master's final works, likely completed within two years of his death in 1669. Depicting the moment of the prodigal son's return to his father in the Biblical parable, it is a renowned work described by art historian Kenneth Clark as "a picture which those who have seen the original in St. Petersburg may be forgiven for claiming as the greatest picture ever painted".In the painting, the son has returned home in a wretched state from travels in which he has wasted his inheritance and fallen into poverty and despair. He kneels before his father in repentance, wishing for forgiveness and the position of a servant in his father's household, having realized that even his father's servants had a better station in life than he. His father receives him with a tender gesture and welcomes him as his own son. His hands seem to suggest mothering and fathering at once; the left appears larger and more masculine, set on the son's shoulder, while the right is softer and more receptive in gesture. Standing at the right is the prodigal son's older brother, who crosses his hands in judgment; in the parable he objects to the father's compassion for the sinful son:But he answered his father, "Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends. But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him."—Luke 15:29–30, World English BibleThe father explains, "But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found" (Luke 15:32).Rembrandt was moved by the parable, and he made a variety of drawings, etchings, and paintings on the theme that spanned decades, beginning with a 1636 etching (see Gallery). The Return of the Prodigal Son includes figures not directly related to the parable but seen in some of these earlier works; their identities have been debated. The woman at top left, barely visible, is likely the mother, while the seated man, whose dress implies wealth, may be an advisor to the estate or a tax collector.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: How does The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt) explain its abstract?

The Return of the Prodigal Son (Dutch: De terugkeer van de verloren zoon) is an oil painting by Rembrandt, part of the collection of the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. It is among the Dutch master's final works, likely completed within two years of his death in 1669. Depicting the moment of the prodigal son's return to his father in the Biblical parable, it is a renowned work described by art historian Kenneth Clark as "a picture which those who have seen the original in St. Petersburg may be forgiven for claiming as the greatest picture ever painted".In the painting, the son has returned home in a wretched state from travels in which he has wasted his inheritance and fallen into poverty and despair. He kneels before his father in repentance, wishing for forgiveness and the position of a servant in his father's household, having realized that even his father's servants had a better station in life than he. His father receives him with a tender gesture and welcomes him as his own son. His hands seem to suggest mothering and fathering at once; the left appears larger and more masculine, set on the son's shoulder, while the right is softer and more receptive in gesture. Standing at the right is the prodigal son's older brother, who crosses his hands in judgment; in the parable he objects to the father's compassion for the sinful son:But he answered his father, "Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends. But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him."—Luke 15:29–30, World English BibleThe father explains, "But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found" (Luke 15:32).Rembrandt was moved by the parable, and he made a variety of drawings, etchings, and paintings on the theme that spanned decades, beginning with a 1636 etching (see Gallery). The Return of the Prodigal Son includes figures not directly related to the parable but seen in some of these earlier works; their identities have been debated. The woman at top left, barely visible, is likely the mother, while the seated man, whose dress implies wealth, may be an advisor to the estate or a tax collector.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: In The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt), how is the abstract discussed?

The Return of the Prodigal Son (Dutch: De terugkeer van de verloren zoon) is an oil painting by Rembrandt, part of the collection of the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. It is among the Dutch master's final works, likely completed within two years of his death in 1669. Depicting the moment of the prodigal son's return to his father in the Biblical parable, it is a renowned work described by art historian Kenneth Clark as "a picture which those who have seen the original in St. Petersburg may be forgiven for claiming as the greatest picture ever painted".In the painting, the son has returned home in a wretched state from travels in which he has wasted his inheritance and fallen into poverty and despair. He kneels before his father in repentance, wishing for forgiveness and the position of a servant in his father's household, having realized that even his father's servants had a better station in life than he. His father receives him with a tender gesture and welcomes him as his own son. His hands seem to suggest mothering and fathering at once; the left appears larger and more masculine, set on the son's shoulder, while the right is softer and more receptive in gesture. Standing at the right is the prodigal son's older brother, who crosses his hands in judgment; in the parable he objects to the father's compassion for the sinful son:But he answered his father, "Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends. But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him."—Luke 15:29–30, World English BibleThe father explains, "But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found" (Luke 15:32).Rembrandt was moved by the parable, and he made a variety of drawings, etchings, and paintings on the theme that spanned decades, beginning with a 1636 etching (see Gallery). The Return of the Prodigal Son includes figures not directly related to the parable but seen in some of these earlier works; their identities have been debated. The woman at top left, barely visible, is likely the mother, while the seated man, whose dress implies wealth, may be an advisor to the estate or a tax collector.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: Focus on The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt) and explain the Reception.

The Return of the Prodigal Son demonstrates the mastery of the late Rembrandt. His evocation of spirituality and the parable's message of forgiveness has been considered the height of his art. Rembrandt scholar Rosenberg (et al.) calls the painting "monumental", writing that Rembrandt interprets the Christian idea of mercy with extraordinary solemnity, as though this were his spiritual testament to the world. [The painting] goes beyond the work of all other Baroque artists in the evocation of religious mood and human sympathy. The aged artist's power of realism is not diminished, but increased by psychological insight and spiritual awareness ... The observer is roused to a feeling of some extraordinary event ... The whole represents a symbol of homecoming, of the darkness of human existence illuminated by tenderness, of weary and sinful mankind taking refuge in the shelter of God's mercy. Art historian H. W. Janson writes that Prodigal Son "may be [Rembrandt's] most moving painting. It is also his quietest—a moment stretching into eternity. So pervasive is the mood of tender silence that the viewer feels a kinship with this group. That bond is perhaps stronger and more intimate in this picture than in any earlier work of art."Dutch priest Henri Nouwen (1932–1996) was so taken by the painting that he eventually wrote a book, The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming (1992), using the parable and Rembrandt's painting as frameworks. He begins by describing his visit to the State Hermitage Museum in 1986, where he was able to contemplate the painting alone for hours. Considering the role of the father and sons in the parable in relation to Rembrandt's biography, he wrote:Rembrandt is as  much the elder son of the parable as he is the younger. When, during the last years of his life, he painted both sons in Return of the Prodigal Son, he had lived a life in which neither the lostness of the younger son nor the lostness of the elder son was alien to him. Both needed healing and forgiveness. Both needed to come home. Both needed the embrace of a forgiving father. But from the story itself, as well as from Rembrandt's painting, it is clear that the hardest conversion to go through is the conversion of the one who stayed home.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: Explain the Reception of this artwork, The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt).

The Return of the Prodigal Son demonstrates the mastery of the late Rembrandt. His evocation of spirituality and the parable's message of forgiveness has been considered the height of his art. Rembrandt scholar Rosenberg (et al.) calls the painting "monumental", writing that Rembrandt interprets the Christian idea of mercy with extraordinary solemnity, as though this were his spiritual testament to the world. [The painting] goes beyond the work of all other Baroque artists in the evocation of religious mood and human sympathy. The aged artist's power of realism is not diminished, but increased by psychological insight and spiritual awareness ... The observer is roused to a feeling of some extraordinary event ... The whole represents a symbol of homecoming, of the darkness of human existence illuminated by tenderness, of weary and sinful mankind taking refuge in the shelter of God's mercy. Art historian H. W. Janson writes that Prodigal Son "may be [Rembrandt's] most moving painting. It is also his quietest—a moment stretching into eternity. So pervasive is the mood of tender silence that the viewer feels a kinship with this group. That bond is perhaps stronger and more intimate in this picture than in any earlier work of art."Dutch priest Henri Nouwen (1932–1996) was so taken by the painting that he eventually wrote a book, The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming (1992), using the parable and Rembrandt's painting as frameworks. He begins by describing his visit to the State Hermitage Museum in 1986, where he was able to contemplate the painting alone for hours. Considering the role of the father and sons in the parable in relation to Rembrandt's biography, he wrote:Rembrandt is as  much the elder son of the parable as he is the younger. When, during the last years of his life, he painted both sons in Return of the Prodigal Son, he had lived a life in which neither the lostness of the younger son nor the lostness of the elder son was alien to him. Both needed healing and forgiveness. Both needed to come home. Both needed the embrace of a forgiving father. But from the story itself, as well as from Rembrandt's painting, it is clear that the hardest conversion to go through is the conversion of the one who stayed home.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: How does The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt) explain its Reception?

The Return of the Prodigal Son demonstrates the mastery of the late Rembrandt. His evocation of spirituality and the parable's message of forgiveness has been considered the height of his art. Rembrandt scholar Rosenberg (et al.) calls the painting "monumental", writing that Rembrandt interprets the Christian idea of mercy with extraordinary solemnity, as though this were his spiritual testament to the world. [The painting] goes beyond the work of all other Baroque artists in the evocation of religious mood and human sympathy. The aged artist's power of realism is not diminished, but increased by psychological insight and spiritual awareness ... The observer is roused to a feeling of some extraordinary event ... The whole represents a symbol of homecoming, of the darkness of human existence illuminated by tenderness, of weary and sinful mankind taking refuge in the shelter of God's mercy. Art historian H. W. Janson writes that Prodigal Son "may be [Rembrandt's] most moving painting. It is also his quietest—a moment stretching into eternity. So pervasive is the mood of tender silence that the viewer feels a kinship with this group. That bond is perhaps stronger and more intimate in this picture than in any earlier work of art."Dutch priest Henri Nouwen (1932–1996) was so taken by the painting that he eventually wrote a book, The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming (1992), using the parable and Rembrandt's painting as frameworks. He begins by describing his visit to the State Hermitage Museum in 1986, where he was able to contemplate the painting alone for hours. Considering the role of the father and sons in the parable in relation to Rembrandt's biography, he wrote:Rembrandt is as  much the elder son of the parable as he is the younger. When, during the last years of his life, he painted both sons in Return of the Prodigal Son, he had lived a life in which neither the lostness of the younger son nor the lostness of the elder son was alien to him. Both needed healing and forgiveness. Both needed to come home. Both needed the embrace of a forgiving father. But from the story itself, as well as from Rembrandt's painting, it is clear that the hardest conversion to go through is the conversion of the one who stayed home.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Prompt: In The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt), how is the Reception discussed?

The Return of the Prodigal Son demonstrates the mastery of the late Rembrandt. His evocation of spirituality and the parable's message of forgiveness has been considered the height of his art. Rembrandt scholar Rosenberg (et al.) calls the painting "monumental", writing that Rembrandt interprets the Christian idea of mercy with extraordinary solemnity, as though this were his spiritual testament to the world. [The painting] goes beyond the work of all other Baroque artists in the evocation of religious mood and human sympathy. The aged artist's power of realism is not diminished, but increased by psychological insight and spiritual awareness ... The observer is roused to a feeling of some extraordinary event ... The whole represents a symbol of homecoming, of the darkness of human existence illuminated by tenderness, of weary and sinful mankind taking refuge in the shelter of God's mercy. Art historian H. W. Janson writes that Prodigal Son "may be [Rembrandt's] most moving painting. It is also his quietest—a moment stretching into eternity. So pervasive is the mood of tender silence that the viewer feels a kinship with this group. That bond is perhaps stronger and more intimate in this picture than in any earlier work of art."Dutch priest Henri Nouwen (1932–1996) was so taken by the painting that he eventually wrote a book, The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming (1992), using the parable and Rembrandt's painting as frameworks. He begins by describing his visit to the State Hermitage Museum in 1986, where he was able to contemplate the painting alone for hours. Considering the role of the father and sons in the parable in relation to Rembrandt's biography, he wrote:Rembrandt is as  much the elder son of the parable as he is the younger. When, during the last years of his life, he painted both sons in Return of the Prodigal Son, he had lived a life in which neither the lostness of the younger son nor the lostness of the elder son was alien to him. Both needed healing and forgiveness. Both needed to come home. Both needed the embrace of a forgiving father. But from the story itself, as well as from Rembrandt's painting, it is clear that the hardest conversion to go through is the conversion of the one who stayed home.

Category:Paintings in the Hermitage Museum


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: Focus on Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley and explain the abstract.

English actress and model Elizabeth Hurley wore a black Versace dress, often referred to as "THAT Dress", when she accompanied Hugh Grant to the premiere of Four Weddings and a Funeral in 1994. The dress was held together by several oversized gold safety pins. The dress is one of Versace's best-known creations, along with Jennifer Lopez's green dress, which had served as the inspiration for Google Image Search, and it is considered by some to be largely responsible for launching Hurley onto the global media stage.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: Explain the abstract of this artwork, Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley.

English actress and model Elizabeth Hurley wore a black Versace dress, often referred to as "THAT Dress", when she accompanied Hugh Grant to the premiere of Four Weddings and a Funeral in 1994. The dress was held together by several oversized gold safety pins. The dress is one of Versace's best-known creations, along with Jennifer Lopez's green dress, which had served as the inspiration for Google Image Search, and it is considered by some to be largely responsible for launching Hurley onto the global media stage.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: How does Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley explain its abstract?

English actress and model Elizabeth Hurley wore a black Versace dress, often referred to as "THAT Dress", when she accompanied Hugh Grant to the premiere of Four Weddings and a Funeral in 1994. The dress was held together by several oversized gold safety pins. The dress is one of Versace's best-known creations, along with Jennifer Lopez's green dress, which had served as the inspiration for Google Image Search, and it is considered by some to be largely responsible for launching Hurley onto the global media stage.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: In Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley, how is the abstract discussed?

English actress and model Elizabeth Hurley wore a black Versace dress, often referred to as "THAT Dress", when she accompanied Hugh Grant to the premiere of Four Weddings and a Funeral in 1994. The dress was held together by several oversized gold safety pins. The dress is one of Versace's best-known creations, along with Jennifer Lopez's green dress, which had served as the inspiration for Google Image Search, and it is considered by some to be largely responsible for launching Hurley onto the global media stage.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: Focus on Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley and explain the Background.

In advance of the premiere for Four Weddings and a Funeral and as a newcomer to high profile premieres, Grant had been told that he and his partner would be able to borrow designer clothing to wear to such an event.Inexperienced in such matters and relatively unknown, Hurley contacted various fashion houses asking for such a loan but was rebuffed several times because they did not know who she was.On contacting the Versace Flagship Store on Old Bond Street, Hurley spoke to Dean Aslett, Head of Womenswear and Atelier, and who was also at that time in charge of dresses lent out for press and promotional purposes. He agreed to do Hurley a favour and lend her a dress.Recognizing the favour, Hurley gave Aslett four tickets for the Premiere of "Four Weddings and a Funeral" that was taking place that very night. Aslett attended the Premiere with the Gianni Versace store manager, Sonja Boras and two other Versace employees, Cosimo Brancaccio and Adolpho Alvarado.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: Explain the Background of this artwork, Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley.

In advance of the premiere for Four Weddings and a Funeral and as a newcomer to high profile premieres, Grant had been told that he and his partner would be able to borrow designer clothing to wear to such an event.Inexperienced in such matters and relatively unknown, Hurley contacted various fashion houses asking for such a loan but was rebuffed several times because they did not know who she was.On contacting the Versace Flagship Store on Old Bond Street, Hurley spoke to Dean Aslett, Head of Womenswear and Atelier, and who was also at that time in charge of dresses lent out for press and promotional purposes. He agreed to do Hurley a favour and lend her a dress.Recognizing the favour, Hurley gave Aslett four tickets for the Premiere of "Four Weddings and a Funeral" that was taking place that very night. Aslett attended the Premiere with the Gianni Versace store manager, Sonja Boras and two other Versace employees, Cosimo Brancaccio and Adolpho Alvarado.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: How does Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley explain its Background?

In advance of the premiere for Four Weddings and a Funeral and as a newcomer to high profile premieres, Grant had been told that he and his partner would be able to borrow designer clothing to wear to such an event.Inexperienced in such matters and relatively unknown, Hurley contacted various fashion houses asking for such a loan but was rebuffed several times because they did not know who she was.On contacting the Versace Flagship Store on Old Bond Street, Hurley spoke to Dean Aslett, Head of Womenswear and Atelier, and who was also at that time in charge of dresses lent out for press and promotional purposes. He agreed to do Hurley a favour and lend her a dress.Recognizing the favour, Hurley gave Aslett four tickets for the Premiere of "Four Weddings and a Funeral" that was taking place that very night. Aslett attended the Premiere with the Gianni Versace store manager, Sonja Boras and two other Versace employees, Cosimo Brancaccio and Adolpho Alvarado.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: In Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley, how is the Background discussed?

In advance of the premiere for Four Weddings and a Funeral and as a newcomer to high profile premieres, Grant had been told that he and his partner would be able to borrow designer clothing to wear to such an event.Inexperienced in such matters and relatively unknown, Hurley contacted various fashion houses asking for such a loan but was rebuffed several times because they did not know who she was.On contacting the Versace Flagship Store on Old Bond Street, Hurley spoke to Dean Aslett, Head of Womenswear and Atelier, and who was also at that time in charge of dresses lent out for press and promotional purposes. He agreed to do Hurley a favour and lend her a dress.Recognizing the favour, Hurley gave Aslett four tickets for the Premiere of "Four Weddings and a Funeral" that was taking place that very night. Aslett attended the Premiere with the Gianni Versace store manager, Sonja Boras and two other Versace employees, Cosimo Brancaccio and Adolpho Alvarado.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: Focus on Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley and explain the Design.

The black dress was made from pieces of silk and lycra fabric, with oversized gold safety pins at "strategical places". The dress was wide open at the front, from the neck down to halfway across the bosom, with two slimline straps on the shoulders. Each side featured a cut-away part, held together with six gold safety pins along the side, and one at the top of either cut-away, connecting it to the bosom section. The dress is said to be punk-inspired, "neo-punk", and sari-inspired, something which "emerged from the sari development" according to Gianni Versace himself.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: Explain the Design of this artwork, Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley.

The black dress was made from pieces of silk and lycra fabric, with oversized gold safety pins at "strategical places". The dress was wide open at the front, from the neck down to halfway across the bosom, with two slimline straps on the shoulders. Each side featured a cut-away part, held together with six gold safety pins along the side, and one at the top of either cut-away, connecting it to the bosom section. The dress is said to be punk-inspired, "neo-punk", and sari-inspired, something which "emerged from the sari development" according to Gianni Versace himself.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: How does Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley explain its Design?

The black dress was made from pieces of silk and lycra fabric, with oversized gold safety pins at "strategical places". The dress was wide open at the front, from the neck down to halfway across the bosom, with two slimline straps on the shoulders. Each side featured a cut-away part, held together with six gold safety pins along the side, and one at the top of either cut-away, connecting it to the bosom section. The dress is said to be punk-inspired, "neo-punk", and sari-inspired, something which "emerged from the sari development" according to Gianni Versace himself.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra


Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley

Prompt: In Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley, how is the Design discussed?

The black dress was made from pieces of silk and lycra fabric, with oversized gold safety pins at "strategical places". The dress was wide open at the front, from the neck down to halfway across the bosom, with two slimline straps on the shoulders. Each side featured a cut-away part, held together with six gold safety pins along the side, and one at the top of either cut-away, connecting it to the bosom section. The dress is said to be punk-inspired, "neo-punk", and sari-inspired, something which "emerged from the sari development" according to Gianni Versace himself.

Charade (1963 film)
Category:Punk fashion
Versace, Hurley
telethon
Charade
List of individual dresses
Debenhams
YouTube
Jennifer Lopez's green dress
Lady Gaga
Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Category:1990s fashion
Category:Individual dresses
Category:Black dresses
Category:Versace
safety pins
Comic Relief
Audrey Hepburn
Versace
Medusa
little black dress
Hugh Grant
Dawn French
Milan
Elizabeth Hurley
sari-inspired dress
Harrods
Category:Red carpet fashion
Category:1994 clothing
Punk fashion
Google Images
sari-inspired
Donatella Versace
punk
Jennifer Lopez
Category:Clothing controversies
Google Image Search
The dress
sari
Gianni Versace
silk
lycra