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README.md
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- question-answering
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size_categories:
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- 1K<n<10K
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---
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- question-answering
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size_categories:
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- 1K<n<10K
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---
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# BMIKE-53: Cross-Lingual In-Context Knowledge Editing Benchmark
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[](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.17764) [](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
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This repo presents the code and data for the ACL 2025 paper: "[*BMIKE-53: Investigating Cross-Lingual Knowledge Editing with In-Context Learning*](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.17764)".
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## Overview
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**BMIKE-53** is the first comprehensive multilingual benchmark for **Cross-Lingual In-Context Knowledge Editing (IKE)**. It covers 53 languages and unifies three widely used knowledge editing datasets (zsRE, CounterFact, WikiFactDiff) into a consistent, multilingual format. This resource enables systematic evaluation and analysis of knowledge editing capabilities in large language models (LLMs) across a broad spectrum of languages and knowledge scenarios.
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## Table of Contents
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- [Datasets](#datasets)
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- [Supported Languages](#supported-languages)
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- [Benchmark Structure](#benchmark-structure)
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- [How to Use](#how-to-use)
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- [Citation](#citation)
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- [License](#license)
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---
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## Datasets
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- **zsRE:** Zero-shot relation extraction, regular fact modifications.
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- **CounterFact:** Counterfactual (fabricated) fact edits for testing knowledge locality.
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- **WikiFactDiff:** Real-world, temporally dynamic factual updates derived from WikiData.
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---
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## Supported Languages
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BMIKE-53 covers 53 languages, including:
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`af`, `ar`, `az`, `be`, `bg`, `bn`, `ca`, `ceb`, `cs`, `cy`, `da`, `de`, `el`, `es`, `et`, `eu`, `fa`, `fi`, `fr`, `ga`, `gl`, `he`, `hi`, `hr`, `hu`, `hy`, `id`, `it`, `ja`, `ka`, `ko`, `la`, `lt`, `lv`, `ms`, `nl`, `pl`, `pt`, `ro`, `ru`, `sk`, `sl`, `sq`, `sr`, `sv`, `ta`, `th`, `tr`, `uk`, `ur`, `vi`, `zh`, `en`.
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See [data/lang.json](data/lang.json) for details.
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---
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## Benchmark Structure
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### Data Format
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Each BMIKE-53 data sample is structured as a dictionary with entries for each language (e.g., `"en"` for English, `"de"` for German, etc.). Each language-specific entry contains:
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- `case_id`: Unique identifier for the knowledge edit case.
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- `subject`: The subject entity or person the knowledge edit is about.
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- `src`: The original query (reliability type), directly matching the edited knowledge.
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- `rephrase`: A paraphrased version of the original query, testing generalization.
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- `old`: The original (pre-edit) answer to the query.
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- `alt`: The updated (post-edit) answer reflecting the new knowledge.
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- `loc`: A locality control query about an unrelated subject, testing if unrelated knowledge is preserved.
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- `loc_ans`: The correct answer for the locality query.
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- `port`: A portability query about a related (one-hop) aspect, testing the transfer of edited knowledge.
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- `port_ans`: The correct answer for the portability query.
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All values are language-specific translations, and the same structure is repeated for each supported language.
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**Example:**
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```json
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{
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"en": {
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"case_id": 5,
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"subject": "Bhagwant Mann",
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"src": "What position did Bhagwant Mann hold?",
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"rephrase": "What role did Bhagwant Mann serve in?",
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"old": "Member of the 17th Lok Sabha",
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"alt": "Chief Minister of Punjab",
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"loc": "Who was Dipsinh Shankarsinh Rathod?",
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"loc_ans": "Member of the 17th Lok Sabha",
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"port": "Who is the current officeholder of the position previously held by Bhagwant Mann?",
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"port_ans": "Amarinder Singh"
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},
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"de": {
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"case_id": 5,
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"subject": "Bhagwant Mann",
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"src": "Welche Position hatte Bhagwant Mann inne?",
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"rephrase": "Welche Rolle hat Bhagwant Mann ausgeübt?",
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"old": "Mitglied des 17. Lok Sabha",
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"alt": "Chief Minister von Punjab",
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"loc": "Wer war Dipsinh Shankarsinh Rathod?",
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"loc_ans": "Mitglied des 17. Lok Sabha",
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"port": "Wer ist der aktuelle Amtsinhaber der Position, die zuvor von Bhagwant Mann gehalten wurde?",
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"port_ans": "Amarinder Singh"
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}
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}
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```
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### Files
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- Benchmark data is organized under the `/data/BMIKE53/` directory, with three subfolders corresponding to each dataset:
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- `/CounterFact/`
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- `/WikiFactDiff/`
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- `/zsRE/`
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- Each dataset folder contains test files for all 53 languages, named using the pattern:
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- `zsre_test_{lang}.json` (e.g., `zsre_test_en.json`, `zsre_test_de.json`, etc.)
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- `counterfact_test_{lang}.json`
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- `wikifactdiff_test_{lang}.json`
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- Each file contains the test set for one language in JSON format, following the unified BMIKE-53 data structure.
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- Example:
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```
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data/BMIKE53/zsRE/zsre_test_en.json
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data/BMIKE53/zsRE/zsre_test_de.json
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data/BMIKE53/CounterFact/counterfact_test_en.json
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data/BMIKE53/WikiFactDiff/wikifactdiff_test_en.json
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```
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---
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## Citation
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If you use BMIKE-53, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{nie2025bmike53,
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title={BMIKE-53: Investigating Cross-Lingual Knowledge Editing with In-Context Learning},
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author={Nie, Ercong and Shao, Bo and Wang, Mingyang and Ding, Zifeng and Schmid, Helmut and Sch{\"u}tze, Hinrich},
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booktitle={Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2025)},
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year={2025}
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}
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```
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---
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## License
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This project is licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE).
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